DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CARDIAC AND SKELETAL MUSCLE

MASTER STUDENT TUTORIAL 2009

BASIC OF MUSCLE UNIT

IN CARDIAC AND SKELETAL MS.

Molecular basis for contraction is still the same that is. Ca2+ - Troponin C - Upstroke of action potential is still the same that is Inward Na+ current

DIFFERENCES
CARDIAC 1.Involuntary striated muscle -small size,average 20 um and diameter 50100um -single centrally locating nucleus SKELETAL -voluntary striated muscle -bigger -longitudinal cell with multiple nucleus in 1 cell

CARDIAC 2.Histological differences

SKELETAL

-intercalated disc

IMPORTANCE OF INTERCALATED DISC

they act as a glue to hold myocytes together so that they do not separate when the heart contracts. Secondly, they allow an electrical connection between the cells, supporting synchronized contraction of cardiac tissue

CARDIAC

SKELETAL

3. T tubules in cardiac -T tubules long and ms is short and broad,no narrow,forming triad triads,instead got dyads (TC-T tubule-TC) (intercalated disc) with gap jx -also SR lack of TC -proper SR with TC

CARDIAC 4. Cardiac muscle tissue

SKELETAL -skeletal muscle contracts

with neural stimulationcontracts without neural needed stimulation at NMJ stimulation. This property before AP generated is called automaticity. -The timing of contractions is normally determined by specialized cardiac muscle cells called pacemaker cells.

CARDIAC

SKELETAL

5. Innervation by the -no alteration can be nervous system can made as no pacemaker alter the pace cells established by the pacemaker cells and adjust the amount of tension produced during a contraction.

CARDIAC
6. Cardiac muscle cell contractions last roughly 10 times longer than do those of skeletal muscle fibers. (150ms-300ms)

MUSCLE
-A skeletal muscle cell can be stimulated by very rapid successive stimuli which give rise to a sustained contraction (many contractions grouped together before the cell has a chance to relax from individual contractions). This is known as tetany. -1ms

CARDIAC

SKELETAL

7.There is plateau phase -there is no plateau phase

CARDIAC 8. Cardiac muscle is adapted to

SKELETAL -skeletal ms able to pump in both

be highly resistant to fatigue: it has aerobic and anaerobic state and a large number of mitochondria, can tolerate anaerobic state more enabling continuous aerobic than cardiac ms respiration, numerous myoglobins (oxygen-storing pigment), and a good blood supply, which provides nutrients and oxygen. -The heart is so tuned to aerobic metabolism that it is unable to pump sufficiently in ischaemic conditions.

CARDIAC
9.Cardiac muscle cannot contract in the absence of extracellular calcium ions as well as extracellular sodium ions. - The reason for the calcium dependence is due to the mechanism of calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) from the SR that must occur under normal excitation-contraction (EC) coupling to cause contraction

SKELETAL
-skeletal muscle contraction is activated by calcium stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR).

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION