MENTAL HEALTH

Presented by Bibith.K.B Asst Prof Nehru Arts and Science College

HEALTH
Health is a state of complex physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity WHO

MENTAL HEALTH
Mental health is a condition subject to fluctuations due to biological and social factors which enables the individual drives to form and maintain harmonious relations with others and to participate in constructive changes in his social and physical environment WHO

MENTAL HEALTH

Ability to live With other human beings

Happily
Productively Without being nuisance Preston (1943)

Characteristic of a mentally healthy person

Free from internal conflict well adjusted Able to get along with well with other Able to form affective relationship Accepts criticism Not easily upset Strong sense of self-esteem. knows himself, needs, problems & goals Good control over his behaviour. Faces problems Tries to solve problems intelligently Ability to cope with stress and anxiety.

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE MENTAL HEALTH OF A PERSON

Optimism
Adaptability Perception of reality Emotional maturity Recreational pursuit Positive attitude towards self Freedom from negativism Concept of degree of freedom

Mental Health among men

Men have to be tough, men have to e strong. Weakness is not considered to be masculine.

Research findings have shown that new fathers are also vulnerable post partum depression.
Young and middle aged men are increasingly hospitalized for Schizophrenia. Substance dependencies are common among men Depression is found to be rising among men than in women according to a study in UK.

In Australia and UK, suicide is higher among males

Physical illness, in particular a life threatening condition, is another trigger for depression, since it directly impacts a mans sense of strength and status.

Mental Health among Women

In addition to the many pressures placed on women, they must contend with significant gender discrimination and the associated factors of poverty, hunger, malnutrition and overwork. The most common being anxiety related disorders and depression The effects of domestic violence, the effects of sexual violence; and escalating rates of substance use. Prevalence rates of depression and anxiety disorders as well as psychological distress are higher for women than for men. In addition to the higher rates of depression and anxiety women are much more likely to receive a diagnosis of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Somatization Disoder and Panic Disorder.

Mental health among Aged

Depression Mania Organic Mental Disorders like dementia, mainly of the senile and Alzheimers type Other organic psychiatric syndromes like delirium Other psychiatric illness like Anxiety neurosis, phobic neurosis, sleep and appetite disturbances Schizophrenia in late life Suicidal tendencies. Alcohol and substance use disorders Adjustment disorders related to the changes of the aging process Psychosomatic illness including emotional reactions to physical illness. Psychosocial problems arising from personality changes of old age, family disorganization and interpersonal difficulties with family members.

Mental health problems among socio economically disadvantaged

The situations of social disadvantages are In children: orphans, destitute, delinquent, street children, children of prostitutes Adults: Women deserted by husbands and families, raped women, unmarried mothers, prostitutes. Men: old, infirm, beggars, addicts Minority groups Migrants, slum dwellers Common psychological reactions associated with socio economic disadvantages are personality disorders, substances abuse disorders, handicaps.

Common health problems among rural and urban population

Depressive disorders, generalized anxiety disorder, somatoform disorders, adjustment disorder and substances abuse disorder. Great Britain reveals that urban subject have higher rates of alcohol dependent, Symptoms related to anxiety disorder trauma, cognitive disorder developmental disorder and psychotic disorder as common in urban and rural areas in United Nation. The prevalence of rate of major depression was higher among rural(6.7%) than among urban (5.16%) population in the US. Major mental disorder occur more frequently in the deprived urban area. Community survey of rural and urban population has found that mental illness prevalence rate due to higher in urban population. Rural area shows higher prevalence rate of traditional illness such as Dhat, Koro urban areas seen to have illness have reflects the stressors and modernization because of break-up of joint family in urban areas more burden of married couples in nuclear families leading to higher rates of mental disorder.

Mental health problems among disaster victims

Disasters are major events of destruction, which are more often unexpected. These lead to enormous losses to health, economy and life. These could be man made or natural. Natural disasters include earthquakes, cyclones, floods, landslides, etc whereas manmade disasters include wars ,bombings, fire and major road- railway- air- accidents.

Most of the research into the psychological effect of disaster focused or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) some studies focus on the increase of other disorder including phobias in the week and month following disaster panic disorder was after accompanied by agoraphobia following the storms. PTSD and depression are most common psychological effective of disaster disorder along with anxiety disorder

Thank You