Electromagnetism

Coulumbs Law of Electrostatics Equation: q=It where: q(Coulumbs) I(Ampere) t(Seconds)

Equation:

Problem #1
1. What is the magnitude of the force on a charge of that is 5 cm from a charge ?

Answer to problem # 1
SOLUTION:

Resistivity Equation:

Electric Circuit
A series circuit has more than one resistor (anything that uses electricity to do work) and gets its name from only having one path for the charges to move along.
Series Circuits The current is the same in every resistor; this current is equal to that in the battery. The sum of the voltage drops across the individual resistors is equal to the voltage rating of the battery. The overall resistance of the collection of resistors is equal to the sum of the individual resistance values,

Electric Circuit
The following rules apply to a series circuit: 1.The sum of the potential drops equals the potential rise of the source. 2.The current is the same everywhere in the series circuit.

3.The total resistance of the circuit (also called effective resistance) is equal to the sum of the individual resistances.

Electric Circuit

Electric Circuit
A parallel circuit has more than one resistor (anything that uses electricity to do work) and gets its name from having multiple (parallel) paths to move along .

Electric Circuit
The following rules apply to a parallel circuit: The potential drops of each branch equals the potential rise of the source. The total current is equal to the sum of the currents in the branches. The inverse of the total resistance of the circuit (also called effective resistance) is equal to the sum of the inverses of the individual resistances.

Electric Circuit

What is Ohm's Law ? Ohm's Law is made from 3 mathematical equations that shows the relationship between electric voltage, current andresistance.

What is voltage? An anology would be a huge water tank filled with thousands of gallons of water high on a hill. The difference between the pressure of water in the tank and the water that comes out of a pipe connected at the bottom leading to a faucet is determined by the size of the pipe and the size of the outlet of the faucet. This difference of pressure between the two can be thought of as potential Voltage.
What is current? An analogy would be the amount of flow determined by the pressure (voltage) of the water thru the pipes leading to a faucet. The term current refers to the quantity, volume or intensity of electrical flow, as opposed to voltage, which refers to the force or "pressure" causing the current flow. What is resistance? An analogy would be the size of the water pipes and the size of the faucet. The larger the pipe and the faucet (less resistance), the more water that comes out! The smaller the pipe and faucet, (more resistance), the less water that comes out! This can be thought of as resistance to the flow of the water current. All three of these: voltage, current and resistance directly interact in Ohm's law. Change any two of them and you effect the third.

Equation: V = I x R (Voltage = Current multiplied by Resistance) R = V / I (Resistance = Voltage divided by Current) I = V / R (Current = Voltage Divided by Resistance where: V -voltage I -current R - resistance

 Question An emf source of 6.0V is connected to a purely resistive lamp and a current of 2.0 amperes flows. All the wires are resistance-free. What is the resistance of the lamp?

Solution The gain of potential energy occurs as a charge passes through the battery, that is, it gains a potential of =6.0V. No energy is lost to the wires, since they are assumed to be resistancefree. By conservation of energy, the potential that was gained (i.e. =V=6.0V) must be lost in the resistor. So, by Ohm's Law:V = I RR=V/I R = 3.0

Where: Q = magnitude ofcharge stored on each plate. V = voltage applied to the plates.

Optics The scientific study of light. Physical optics is concerned with the creation, nature, and properties of light. Psychological optics pertains to the role of light in vision. Geometrical optics deals with the properties of reflection and refraction of light, as part of the study of mirrors, lenses, and optical fibers.

Optics is the branch of physics which involves the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction ofinstruments that use or detect it.[1] Optics usually describes the behavior of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light. Because light is anelectromagnetic wave, other forms of electromagnetic radiation such as Xrays, microwaves, and radio waves exhibit similar properties.[

Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated. Common examples include the reflection of light, sound and water waves. The law of reflection says that for specular reflection the angle at which the wave is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected. Mirrors exhibit specular reflection.

Refraction is the change in direction of a wave due to a change in its speed. It is essentially a surface phenomenon . The phenomenon is mainly in governance to the law of conservation of energy.