Specification & Quantities Estimating

Lecturer Eng: Eyad A. Haddad

College of Applied Engineering& Urban Planning

Eng: Eyad Haddad

Course Aims & Objectives

At the completion of this course, the student will: Recognize the preliminary and detailed estimating methods and focusing on the elements for construction projects To be familiar with cost analysis and preparation for bidding. Understanding and be familiar with the construction specification in particular for building.

Eng: Eyad Haddad

Course Outline
Part 1 : Quantity Survey Introduction to Engineering project including project cycle, & bidding documents. Quantities surveying and calculation of different areas. Methods of measurement of the works. Pricing & cost analysis. Payment certificate. Application on Engineering project

Eng: Eyad Haddad

Part 2 : Technical specification

Earth works Concrete works Masonry works Plastering Tiling Metal work Carpentry work Painting works Glazing Plumbing works Electrical works
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The Engineering Project

Project

Mechanical Works

Electrical Works

Structural works

Architectural Works

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Types of construction Engineering Projects :

- Building construction - Roads Construction - Water Systems - Sewerage and Storm water systems

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Project Cycle
Studies, design, tendering

Taking- over, and operation

Implementation & supervision

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Main stages in construction project

1- Concept : identify the project needs, and objectives 2- technical studies as feasibility study, possibility of implementation, primary cost, and possibility of financing ..etc. 3- Preliminary design 4- Detailed design including architectural , structural, electrical, mechanical. 5- Tender documents. 6 Tendering 7- Contract Award 8- contract agreement 9- starting construction 10- Preliminary handing over the project 11- the operation of the project 12- maintenance period 13- Project final handing over.
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Construction Project Cycle

Full Operations

Percent Complete

Installation Substantially Com plete

Major Contracts Let

Project "GO" Decision

Stage I
F e a s a bilit y - P ro ject Fo rmulatio n - Feasabiltiy Studies - Strategies Design & A ppro val

Stage II
P la nning & D e s ign - B ase Design - Co st & Schedule - Co ntract Terms & Co nditio ns. - Detailed P lanning

Stage III
C o ns t ruc t io n - M anufacturing - Delivery - Civil Wo rk - Installatio n - Testing

Stage IV
T urno v e r & S t a rt Up - Final Testing - M aintenance

Figure 1.1 : Construction Projects Life-Cycle (Ref: PMBK, 2000)

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Tender Documents

Invitation to bid Instruction to bidders Information to bidders & bid data Biding Forms General conditions of contract Specific condition of contract Specification BOQ Drawings Contract forms

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The Project Parties

The Employer /Owner The consultant: who appointed by the

employer to do the design and bidding documents and supervise the construction work. The contractor: who was approved by the employer to implement the works according to the submitted bid.
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Other Parties
Municipalities, ministries,
suppliers, technicians Subcontracts, workers,

Insurance companies
Banks and other financing agencies.

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Construction Project Teams

Main tasks for engineering teams in the project are :
- design - Implementation / construction - supervision

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Construction Project Teams

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Quantity Surveyor
He the person who is responsible on estimating

the quantities from the design drawings, and measurement of the quantities in the site during the project implementation, and preparing the current and final payments.

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Quantity Surveys (take off)

It is the quantity of works/material take off , required for the completion of project implementation, and listed as items in table of quantities. In general we can describe quantity survey as follows: 1. Description and preparation of the bill of quantities and its items required for the tender. 2. Preparation of the site material, material types, and material distribution.
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Quantity surveys (take off) .. Cont.

Describe the items and preparing BOQ Preparing of the cost estimate in BOQ.

Preparation of the list of the site needs (technician / workers)

Preparation of the due payment statements (contractor

payments during the construction)

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Tasks of the Quantity Surveyor

First : in the consultant office : Stage 1 :During the preparation of bidding documents : - Preparation of the BOQ from the design drawing which part of bidding documents. - Preparation of cost estimate for items listed in BOQ - Review and check the bids submitted from bidders. - Preparation of the lists of the contents of bids received. - Sharing in evaluation and preparation of t recommendation to award the contract to be submitted to owner.
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Quantity Surveyor Tasks

2

Stage 2 : During the supervision of the construction

Review and checking the payments submitted from the contractor. Preparation of the reports about the conformity of the quantities items with contract documents.

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Second : In the Contractor Company

- During the implementation :
- Review and checking the BOQ at the starting of the work. - Prepare the eng. Measurement for the quantities of the finished

works. Prepare lists of the site needs (material, workers, technicians) Calculate the remuneration of the subcontractors, workers, equipments,etc. Prepare the payment statements Prepare the detailed reports describing the situation of the items quantities, (plus or minus the contract BOQ)

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Required Skills
Ability to understand the drawings details, design

drawings, shop drawings, as built ). Excellent knowledge of the calculation of the areas and volumes, knowledge of fees of workers e /technicians/ , rules and law of the contracts, In addition to the knowledge of related financial issues/ taxes, banks transactions, insurances and its implication. Knowledge of the productivity of the workers and technicians.

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Stages of the Quantity Survey

Stage1 : preparation of the engineering measurement and calculations of the works during the preparation of the bidding documents (consultant) and
- preparation of the measurement of the accomplished

works in the site and prepare the payment (contractor) Stage 2 : preparing BOQ Stage 3 : review and check the financial payments.

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Areas, Volumes, & Surface areas

See attached PDF file

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Next Lecture :
Special calculations of the areas and volumes.
Measurement of the works.

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Lecture # 3

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Method of measurements
1- Conventional measurement ()
Depends on experience, and type of project. Doesn't govern by theories or engineering basics.

Not considered as scientific method.

Doesn't subtract the opening as windows or doors from

the block, plastering, painting works and computing whole wall.

Another example : as the every 3 steps in stair = 1 m3
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Cont.
unit Lump-sum (L.S) M.R No. M2 M3 Ton / kg Day / hrs measurement Works have details difficult to be calculated Works have specific length and width Works have 3 dim. fixed Works with specific thickness, Variable dimensions Have specific width Labor / equipment
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example Earth work, earthling system (electrical),, As pipes Windows, doors, as plastering, painting, Footings, columns, stairs, As steel Workers wages, equipment,
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Types of construction works

Building construction
Roads construction Water Booster P.S and piping, Sewage and storm water P.S and piping. Electrical construction

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Preparation of engineering measurements

measurement sheet

project name _________________ contractor name ____________ engineer name _______________

Dimension width heigth

SN

Description

Unit

Quantity length

Unit rate Total amount

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Act. No. 0100 0101 0200 0201 0203 0300 0301 0302 General Works Demolition Works Earth Work Excavation

Activity Description

Unit l.s m3 m3 m3 m3

Fill with compacted clean sand Concrete Works Plain concrete B150 R. Concrete B300 for foundation

0303
0304 0305

R. Concrete B250 for Ground beams and steps

R. Concrete B300 for Necks and Columns R. Concrete B250 for Slaps 25 cm thick.

m3
m3 m3 m2 m2

0400
0401 0402

Block Works
Block works for walls 20cm thick. Block works for internal walls 15cm thick.

0403
0500 0501 0502 0600

Block works for internal walls 10cm thick.

Plastering Works 3-face internal plastering External plastering on walls Tilling Works Eng: Eyad Haddad

m2
m2 m2
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Measurement of works / Earth Work

Item Site leveling unit Lump sum Method of measurement It takes into consideration all site leveling including the excavation, fill, till reach 0+B.M according to design drawing. Measured by 2 methods : 1- footings areas according to blinding area * depth of excavation according to drawings. 2- external dimensions of the building *depth of footings = excavation concrete work for footings and columns under ground level.

Excavation (cut)

m3

Fill (backfill)

m3

= ground plan *depth of ground beams (concrete for ground beams and ground floors)

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Example : Measurement of Earth Work / Excavation works

Measured by 2 methods : 1- footings areas according to blinding area * depth of excavation according to drawings. 2- external dimensions of the building *depth of footings

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Measurement of works / concrete works

Concrete works measures engineering

measurement
All opening more than 0.1m2 or 0.1 m3 are

deducted.
The concrete works more than the areas, volumes

in the drawings doesnt included.

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Measurement of works / concrete works

Item unit Method of measurement = length * width (the thickness should be specified in the drawings and specifications) Blinding m2 concrete, ground concrete, benching, and slabs concrete with fixed thickness

Ribs blocks dont subtract from the slabs concrete.

Footings, m3 columns, ground beams, stairs, and canopies, Concrete decoration works as curves. No.

= length*width*thickness -Ground beams are measured from its connection with columns - concrete stars include the stairs , steps, stair slabs, walls supporting the stairs. The dimensions must be specified in the drawings.

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Measurement of works / block works

Item Block works unit m2 Method of measurement = length * width (the thickness should be specified in the drawings and specifications) - subtracting all openings more than 0.1 cm2.

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Measurement of works / Plastering/ painting works

Item Length * width unit M2 Method of measurement = length * width (engineering measurement after subtracting the openings, more than 0.1 m2) - the area is measured above the skirting (terrazzo chips) Internal plastering = walls + slabs

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Measurement of works / tilling works

Item Terrazzo, marble, ceramic unit m2 Method of measurement = length * width (engineering measurement)

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Measurement of works / Plastering/ painting works

Item Plastering & painting unit M2 Method of measurement = length * width (engineering measurement after subtracting the openings, more than 0.1 m2) - the area is measured above the skirting (terrazzo chips) Internal plastering = walls + ceiling

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Measurement of works / Doors

Item Doors unit No. Method of measurement The exact dimensions should be specified in the design drawings. Sometimes carpentry works measured in m2 or m length according to the item described in BOQ.

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Measurement of works / Windows

Item windows unit No. Method of measurement The exact dimensions should be specified in the design drawings. Sometimes carpentry works measured in m2 or m length according to the item described in BOQ.

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Measurement of works / electrical & sanitary works

Item Electrical and sanitary pieces / accessories unit No. Method of measurement The dimensions should be specified clearly in the design drawings as the sockets, lamps, fluorescent lighting,etc (W.C. , washing basins, sinks, manholes, pumpsetc) The dimension and details should be specified in the drawings, as (cables, pipes, ..etc)

piping

M.R

Works with special detail

Lumps sum

All details should be specified in the drawings, as earthing, gas network,

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Bill of Quantities
The results in the quantities book, are recorded in the BOQ table. It is preferable to add 5-10% percentage on the quantities for

contingency to avoid any errors or any..

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Lecture # 4

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Example 1
Estimate the quantities and prepare bill of quantities for the following works:
Concrete for columns. Concrete for footings. Plastering, painting and tilting for guest room Tiling and plastering for bathroom 1, provided that the tiles will cover all the walls. Knowing that, Height of the floor is 2.95m The windows for guest room are150x120cm, 300x120cm, and the doors are 220x90 cm and 220x120 cm Bathroom1 door is 220x70 cm, and the window is 80x80cm Depth of excavation is 1.2 m Dimension of ground beams is 20x50 cm. Thickness of Blinding concrete is 10 cm and increase 10 cm in each direction. Dimension for columns and footings described in the following table:
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Column number/ Description Columns Dimension

1,2,3,4,5,6, 7,8,9,10, 12,13, 18,19,20 20*50

11,14,15,16,17, 20*60

Columns neck Dimension

Footings Dimension

25*50
150*150*50 cm

25*60
160*160*50

C1

C2

C3 Bedroom -3-

C4

C5

Kitchen

Guest room

C20 C19 C14 C15

C6

C16

C17

C18

Bathroom1 C7

living room

Bathroom

Bedroom -2-

Bedroom -1-

C13

C12

C11

C10

C9

C8

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Dimensions S. N Item description Unit Quant. L W H

Total Quantities Partially Positive + Negative Total

C1

C2

C3 Bedroom -3-

C4

C5

Column number/ Description Columns Dimension

1,2,3,4,5,6, 7,8,9,10, 12,13, 18,19,20 20*50 25*50 150*150*50 cm

Kitchen

Guest room

11,14,15,16,17,
C20 C19 C15 C6 C14

20*60 25*60

Columns neck Dimension

Footings Dimension

C16

C17

C18

Bathroom1 C7

living room

Bathroom

160*160*50

Bedroom -2-

Bedroom -1-

C13

C12

C11

C10

C9

C8

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Example 2 :Estimate the quantities and prepare bill of quantities for the following works:
Dimensions S. N Item description Unit Quant. L W H Total Quantities Partially Positive + Negative Total

T1 T1 T1 T1

T2 T1 T2 T1 T1 T1

T2 T1 T2 T1 T2 T1 T1 T2
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T1 T2 T3
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T1

T1 T2

T1 T1

Example 3 :Estimate the quantities and prepare bill of quantities for the following works:
Dimensions S. N Item description Unit Quant. Total Quantities Partially Positive +

Negative

Total

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Example 4 :Estimate the quantities and prepare bill of quantities for the following works:
Dimensions S. N Item description Unit Quant. Total Quantities Partially Positive +

Negative

Total

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Example 5 :Estimate the quantities and prepare bill of quantities for the following works:
Dimensions S. N Item description Unit Quant. Total Quantities Partially Positive +

Negative

Total

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Example 4 :Estimate the quantities and prepare bill of quantities for the following works:
Dimensions S. N Item description Unit Quant. Total Quantities Partially Positive +

Negative

Total

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Measurement of works / Earth Work

Item Site leveling unit Lump sum Method of measurement It takes into consideration all site leveling including the excavation, fill, till reach 0+B.M according to design drawing. Measured by 2 methods : 1- footings areas according to blinding area * depth of excavation according to drawings. 2- external dimensions of the building *depth of footings = excavation concrete work for footings and columns under ground level. = ground plan *depth of ground beams (concrete for ground beams and ground floors)

Excavation (cut)

m3

Fill (backfill)

m3

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Measurement of works / concrete works

Concrete works measures engineering measurement
All openinng more than 0.1m2 or 0.1 m3 are

deducted. The concrete works more than the areas, volumes in the drawings doesnt included.

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Measurement of works / concrete works

Item Blinding concrete, ground concrete, benching, and slabs concrete with fixed thickness Footings, columns, ground beams, stairs, and canopies, unit m2 Method of measurement = length * width (the thickness should be specified in the drawings and specifications) Ribs blocks dont subtract from the slabs concrete.

m3

= length*width*thickness -Ground beams are measured from its connection with columns - concrete stars include the stairs , steps, stair slabs, walls supporting the stairs. The dimensions must be specified in the drawings.

Concrete decoration works as curves.

No.

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Measurement of works / block works

Item Block works unit m2 Method of measurement = length * width (the thickness should be specified in the drawings and specifications) - subtracting all openings more than 0.1 cm2.

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Measurement of works / Plastering/ painting works

Item Length * width unit M2 Method of measurement = length * width (engineering measurement after subtracting the openings, more than 0.1 m2) - the area is measured above the skirting (terrazzo chips) Internal plastering = walls + slabs

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Measurement of works / tilling works

Item Terrazzo, marble, ceramic unit m2 Method of measurement = length * width (engineering measurement)

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Measurement of works / Plastering/ painting works

Item Plastering & painting unit M2 Method of measurement = length * width (engineering measurement after subtracting the openings, more than 0.1 m2) - the area is measured above the skirting (terrazzo chips) Internal plastering = walls + ceiling

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Measurement of works / Doors

Item Doors unit No. Method of measurement The exact dimensions should be specified in the design drawings. Sometimes carpentry works measured in m2 or m length according to the item described in BOQ.

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Bill of Quantities

The results in the quantities book, are recorded in the BOQ table. It is preferable to add 5-10% percentage on the quantities for contingency to avoid any errors or any.

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Lecture # 5

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Methods of Estimates
A) Actual cost: is known at the completion of the work. B) Detailed Estimates :

must known before the construction stage, and it can

be prepared in four stages as follow: 1. Details of Measurements and calculation of quantities.
(by using Details of Measurements Form )

2. Abstract of estimated cost.

(by using Abstract of estimated Form )

3. Transfer the data to the Bill of Quantities. 4. Summary table

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1. Details of Measurements Form

Dimensions S. N Item description Unit Quant. L W H Total Quantities Partially Positive + Negative Total

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2. Abstract of estimated Form

measurement sheet project name _________________ contractor name ____________ engineer name _______________
Dimension Quantity length width heigth

SN

Description

Unit

Unit rate Total amount

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3. Transfer the data to the Bill of Quantities

No. Item description unit Quantity Unit price ($ or NIS ) Total amount ($ or NIS )

The works include

L.S

See the attached example

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Bill of Quantities
The items are classified into categories as shown in

the next table. at the end of BOQ, summary of the items are shown as well as the total amount of the price

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Example for the Bill of Quantities

EXCAVATION & EARTHWORKS
NO. DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY UNIT RATE $ TOTAL AMOUNT $

1.1

Excavation from natural ground level for foundation up to required designed level. The selected excavated material can be used for back filling, the surplus excavated material from the site. According to Eng. Instructions.

M3

1.2

Backfilling from the selected excavated material around foundation and to make up levels for the school yard in layers 25cm thick (M.D.D 98%) according to Eng. Instructions and specifications.
Supply, spread , level and compact Aproved selected Material ( kurkar ) type A in compacted layer 25 an thick 98% Max .Dry Density around foundation and as per Specification and Eng. Instructions. Supply clean sand and fill in compacted layers 25cm thick for school yard to make up levels according to the drawings.
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M3

1.3

M3

1.4

M3

Total
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Example for the Bill of Quantities

CONCRETE WORKS
NO. DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY UNIT RATE $ TOTAL AMOUNT $

The items include shuttering, steel shaping, fixing , supplying and cast the required concrete, striping of shuttering and two coats of water proof hot bitumen layer of type 75 for foundations, necks and ground beams and all requirement as per specifications, drawings and engineer instructions. 2.1 Supply and cast plain concrete B (200) kg/cm2 for Blinding beds 5 cm thick and 15cm plain concrete of entrance ramps as per specifications and drawings. Supply and cast ready mix concrete B(250) kg/cm2 for the ground slab 10cm thick with steel mesh 8mm diameter every 20cm including polythene sheets below concrete slab as per specifications and drawings. Supply and cast ready mix concrete B (250) kg/cm2 for reinforced concrete foundations as per specifications and drawings. Supply and cast ready mix concrete B (300) kg/cm2 for reinforced concrete columns and columns necks as per specifications and drawings. Supply and cast ready mix concrete B (250) kg/cm2 for suspended hollow block slab 20 cm thick, including the reinforced steel , drop and inverted beams, decorative archs , hollow cement block, 40 x 25 x 14cm and all other materials as per specifications and drawings. B250 reinforced concrete for Apron (surface treated with mechanical steel trolled finish) the price include polythene sheets. Reinforcement I 8mm / 20 cm in both way and reinforced edge beam the price including 15cm thick compacted base coarse according to drawing and specification. M3

2.2

M2

2. 3 2.7 2.12

M3 M3 M2

2.14

M3

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4. Summary table
No. Item Total amount ($ or NIS )

12 3456789-

EXCAVATION & EARTH WORKS

CONCRETE WORKS BLOCK WORK CARPENTRY METAL WORK FINISHING WORKS PLUMBING WORKS ELECTRICAL WORKS MISCELLANEOUS
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Item description
Based on drawings, specification.
It should be accurate and reflect the drawings and

specifications, Description should include :

1- description of the works 2- unit 3- determine the method of measurement.

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How to read the description

Description of the items
Drawings, details Specifications General and specific conditions Instruction of the supervisor engineer

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the work price should include

The description of the item should include all the work that the unit price will take account of as will be illustrated in the following

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1- Earth work

The unit price should include :Excavation in any kind of soil, rock, etc., starting at reduced level (bottom of G.B. blinding) down to bottom of foundation blinding including compacting backfill around foundations and shall be applied on layers, 200 mm thick, watered and compacted to 95 % (98%) according to modified AASHTO Density Test T-80.for the excavated foundation and removal of surplus material from site to an approved dumping area complete as per specifications. Site Leveling. (Excavation of all Site including External Works). Cut and / or fill in any kind of soil, concrete, or asphalt; to the required Levels approved by the Engineer (Reduced Level). Including scraping of top. Any damage to the external walls, fence, etc. should be maintained without any compensations.. Test of the soil (4 points at least) Safety around the site, Work according to engineer instruction and specifications
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:- :- :- 1- . :- - . 05.1 , . - .

: 1- 1-1 1-2

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Concrete work
Concrete works include: All formworks and shuttering in any form, shape and size. Making chamfered and curved edges, allowing for and making grooves and sleeves and the like; removal of forms and cleaning of all exposed tie wires and rods; making good the harmed surfaces and Supplying, Casting, vibrating and curing as per specifications. Approved additives and admixtures. Incurred costs on Concrete Mix Designs, Sample taking, testing and providing test results certificates, storing and saving of samples, and preparation of bar bending schedules and workshops. Supplying reinforcement of any grade, size and length as detailed in the drawings, storing on site including cutting, bending and fixing in position and providing all tying wires, spacers, shop drawings, testing and bar bending schedules
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Concrete work (contd)

Painting of exposed surfaces of underground reinforced concrete elements with two coats of Bituminous Emulsion. Supply of Polyethylene sheets under ground slabs. Steel bars used for alignment and fixing of reinforcement works, and extra steel added to assure proper detailing and safety. Measurement of Concrete elements shall be the net dimensions as detailed in the drawings. All recesses, openings and voids shall be deducted. Measurement shall be only for the seen surfaces of elements, overlapping and measuring items twice under separate headings shall not be allowed. Supplying and fixing of the required steel reinforcement as per drawings and specifications.
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Block works
Rates of Block works include All works of the bill shall be of Concrete blocks of high quality standards and as per specifications. Vertical and horizontal joints., Cement and mortar, Galvanized angles and ties., Closed end blocks at all ends, door and window jambs, reveals and the like. Concrete filling including reinforcing steel to cavities at quoins and door and window openings. Lintels and bond beams to the full length of the wall, and all needed to complete job as per drawings and specifications concrete infill and transporting, placing compacting, curing, surface finishing, protection, construction and expansion joints and all labors Eng: Eyad Haddad and materials and tests. 88

Block works (contd)

Block work shall be bonded to concrete columns,

wall and the like with concrete infill B250. block must be stopped in graded shape (10-15 cm from the concrete face) one 8 mm bar must cast in columns during casting with 40 cm length fixed every 42 cm horizontally, in addition to two vertical 10 mm bars.

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Plastering works, includes

The price shall include, all narrow widths, for taking out joints on block walls or backing concrete face for key, for making good to frames around pipes and other fittings , plastering to jambs and reveals of openings ) ,( side of columns, window sills; all of which shall be included Price shall also include Expanded metal lath, angle beads at all corners and plaster stops at opening edges, expansion joints, sills, labor, curing, erecting and dismantling of scaffoldings ,)additives, pigments and all incidentals required as specified Material, workmanship, Galvanized mesh, or plastic mesh, False ceiling from galvanized mesh and plastering (fixing mesh , covering it by 3-coats of rough plaster) reinforcement of the joints between different material as the joints between the wall and columns.
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Tilling works

Rate shall include preparation of surfaces under tiles, special tile peaces for edges and the like, tile surface finishing, Plastic spacers. Pointing and cleaning and all incidental as per specifications. Supply, Install and Terrazzo Tiles, include, bedding and jointing in cement and sand mortar, pointing with white cement, required sand fill, and polishing, workmanship, and all incidental as per specifications Isolation works for kitchen and bathroom (layer of fiber glass, and bitumen layers) Marble includes connections, joints, mortar, and any other needed work. Supply and install a layer of cement and sand under marble and porcelain , ceramic, according to specification and engineer instruction. Eng: Eyad Haddad 91

Painting works

All Paints shall be supplied to site in sealed container, as approved by the Engineer, and site mixing shall not be permitted. The Contractor rates shall include for supply of all materials, workmanship, samples, surface preparation , protection of painted surfaces , application to all heights as required of works, repair of all damaged surface, as per specification.

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CARPENTRY AND JOINERY WORKS (window & doors)

Sizes of carpentry works given in the Bills of Quantities are finished sizes and shall be as per Drawings. Sizes of doors and other items mentioned in the Bills of Quantities shall allow for tolerance to suit the structural openings shown in the Drawings. Wooden doors and pair of doors shall be measured in square meter for each structural opening, unless stated otherwise in the Bills of Quantities. Rates for carpentry and joinery work shall include : Shop and coordinated drawings. frames, architrave ( ,) and other holders Allowance for plastering and tiling and the like. Cutting and fitting around obstructions, Bedding and painting. Grounds, blocking and backings. Plugging concrete, block work, and stone work , and making good. Ironmongery including cylindrical locks, handles, stoppers, screws, temporary fixing, re-fixing, oiling and adjusting. Eng: Eyad Haddad 93

STEEL AND ALUMINUM WORKS

Rates for metalwork shall include for : Preparing shop drawings, Drilling, counter sinking, screwing, bolting and riveting. Sub frames, including galvanized steel frames for Aluminum windows and architrave. Gaskets, sashes, double weather strips and external and internal approved quality silicon filling around frames. Ironmonger including cylindrical locks (Union or equal) , stoppers, handles, temporarily fixing, refitting, oiling and adjusting. Providing two keys for each lock . Glass and glazing including cutting to size, putty and rubber. Preparing surfaces for and painting one coat of primer before fixing. Sealing and Painting to any area or width in any location including work in multicolor and cutting in edges. Eng: and incidentals required to execute the work. 94 All other accessoriesEyad Haddad

Electrical works

All items price to include Supply, Installing, Connecting and testing unless otherwise indicated, the contractor are requested to have approved full coordinated work shop drawings before starting contract activities, the price also includes all works necessary to implement electrical works in approved manner. The contractor intended to order main and final distribution panel boards according to approved manufacturer drawings. The price to include submittals, catalogs, any manufacturer instruction . The contractor should install and construct all works according to drawings , specification tender documents, and requirement of Electrical Co. Contractor should also test & submit the electrical Work to the Electricity Co. & Municipality.
Eng: Eyad Haddad 95

PLUMBING, SANITARY AND MECHANICAL WORKS

Rates shall include all fittings , fixtures , appliances and pipe laying Supply of material, workmanship, installation, testing and commissioning. Rates to include also all peaces and fittings, including by passes , floats, cleaning outlets , automatic vents, vents and stack covers, valves and non return valves and the like needed to complete works as per specifications. Insulation and painting as called for in specifications. Excavation and cutting for all pipe laying works, bedding back filling and all works connected with pipe laying. All ties, sleeves, joints, tie bolts and rods, brackets and the like. Rates to include Workshops, Coordinated and as- built drawings as approved by the Engineer
Eng: Eyad Haddad 96

Lecture # 6

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Pricing & price analysis

: Before construction three types of pricing

1- cost estimate () 2- pricing 3- cost analysis

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Preparation of prices

contractor

engineer

Cost analysis

Eng: Eyad Haddad

pricing

Cost estimate

99

Factors affecting the pricing

Raw material Workmanship, labor, sub-contractors Administration cost including direct cost as salaries, equipments, transportation ..etc. and indirect cost as electricity, communication cost, banks , municipality fees, ,,,etc.
,... , , , , ,

Unforeseen expenses & risk (3-5%)

Insurances Taxes as income tax , V.A.T, %17

Eng: Eyad Haddad 100

Factors affecting the pricing

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Productivity of labor
It is necessary to calculate the productivity for the

work teams either worker or technicians / equipments to calculate wages, for workers / subcontractors.
Productivity is measured per hour or per day.

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Productivity of labor

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Pricing analysis stages :

1.

Estimate the price for raw material and

workmanship.
2. Estimate the percentage of the specified work from

the total project work . (work item/total work

*100%)
3. Estimate the cost of administration / management ,

tax, insurances, risk, and profit.

4. Estimate the total cost for all works item.
Eng: Eyad Haddad 104

Example:
Analyze the prices, and find the unit price for the

following, knowing that, 1- fixed (direct) administrative expenses for a project is (1000$). 2- Unfixed expenses (indirect cost) for a project is (400$) 3- Insurance 200 $.
105

Eng: Eyad Haddad

ID
1 2 3 4

Description of work
Concrete footings Block works for wall (20*20*24cm) Internal plastering Wooden door 90*220

unit
M3 M2 M2 No.

quantity
78 100 200 10

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1- Price for raw material and workmanship

- Concrete footing (B250)
Raw material per m3

ID 1-

Description Concrete footings (B250)

price 190 170 5 2 1 3 371 471 134$ 134*78 = 10,960 $

Workmanship

Concrete Steel Wires Nails, bolts Water isolation

100

total Total price (NIS) Total price ($) Total for 78 m3

Eng: Eyad Haddad

100

107

Block work (20*20*40 cm)

Raw material per m2 block Morter Moving the blocks Joints, concrete fill total Total price (NIS) Total price ($) Total for 100 m2

ID

Description Block 20*20*40

price 12.5*2=25 3 2 5 35 41 11.7 11.7*100= 1170$

workmanship 6

Eng: Eyad Haddad

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Internal plastering
ID Description Raw material per m2 Price workmanship

scaffolding
Internal plastering Morter Angles, metal grid, ..etc water total Total price (NIS)

o.5
4 0.5 0.5 6 12

Total price ($)

Total for 200 m2

3.4
3.4*200= 680$

Eng: Eyad Haddad

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Wooden doors 220*90 cm

ID Description Raw material per m2 material price 400 20 420 470 50 workmanship 50

Wooden door 220*90

Misce. total Total price (NIS)

Total price ($)

Total for 10 doors

135
135*10 =1350$

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percentage of the specified work from the total project work:

ID Description Total work price % from total work

Concrete footings (B250)

10960

77.40%

Internal plastering

680

4.80%

Wooden door 220*90

1350

9.53%

4
5

Block 20*20*40
Total
Eng: Eyad Haddad

1170
14160

8.26%
100.00%
111

2- The cost of administration / management , tax, insurances, risk, and profit.

administration expenses
variable (400$) Insurance tax (10%) (200$) risks (5%) profit (10%) Total

ID

Description

fixed (1000$)

Concrete footings (B250) Internal plastering Wooden door 220*90 Block 20*20*40

774.01
=1000*77.4%

309.6
=400*77.4%

1096
=10%*10960

154.8

548

1096

3978.4

48.02 19.21
=1000*4.8%

2 3 4

68 135 117

9.61 19.07 16.53

34 67.5 58.5

68 135 117

246.83 62 490.04 424.70

95.34 82.63

38.14 33.05

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total cost for all works item

ID Description stage (1) stage (2) total 1.00 Concrete footings (B250) 10,960.00 3,978.42 14,938.42

2.00

Internal plastering

680.00

246.84

926.84

3.00

Wooden door 220*90

1,350.00

490.04

1,840.04

4.00

Block 20*20*40

1,170.00

424.70

1,594.70

Eng: Eyad Haddad

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unit price for each item

ID Description unit quantity unit price total 1.00 Concrete footings (B250) m3 78.00 191.52 14,938.42

2.00 Internal plastering

m2

200.00

4.63

926.84

3.00 Wooden door 220*90 4.00 Block 20*20*40

no

10.00

184.00

1,840.04

m2

100.00

15.95

1,594.70

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(Quiz 1 -16/03/2009) Choose the correct answer:

1. Types of Method of measurement is / are : a. engineering measurement b. conventional measurement

2. Measurement of plastering: a. should not include the openings

c. a and b.

b. include the openings

c. none of all

3. Unit that is used to measured wages of the workers and requirement is : a. lump sum b. Number c. Day / hour 4. Unit of Measurement of Excavations is: a. M.R b. Number, c. M3

d. M2.

5. Unit that is used to measure works have fixed dimensions is: a. M.R b. Number, c. M3 d. all.

6. units that is used to measure works with variable dimensions : a. M3 b. M2 c. M.R

7. Pricing shall include: a. Raw material b. Workmanship, labor, sub-contractors profit Eng: Eyad Haddad d. all above.

c. indirect cost , insurance,

115

Lecture # 7
Example

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1. Excavation & backfilling surving:

Dimensions S. N Type of Work Unit Quant. L W H

Total Quantities Partially Add + Dic Total

120

:2. Foundations

Dimensions .S N Type of Work Unit .Quant L W H

Total Quantities Partially + Add Dic Total

121

:3. Column necks

Dimensions .S N Type of Work Unit .Quant L W H

Total Quantities Partially + Add Dic Total

221

:4. Ground Beams

Dimensions .S N Type of Work Unit .Quant L W H

Total Quantities Partially + Add Dic Total

321

:5. Ground Slab

Dimensions .S N Type of Work Unit .Quant L W H

Total Quantities Partially + Add Dic Total

421

:7. columns

Dimensions .S N Type of Work Unit .Quant L W H

Total Quantities Partially + Add Dic Total

521

:8. block

Dimensions .S N Type of Work Unit .Quant L W H

Total Quantities Partially + Add Dic Total

621

:9. Plastering

Dimensions .S N Type of Work Unit .Quant L W H

Total Quantities Partially + Add Dic Total

721

Lecture # 8
Estimating & Evaluation

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Form of evaluation based on cost per unit

ID 1 2 3 Description Concrete footings Block 20*20*40 Wooden door 220*90 cm unit m3 m2 no Unit price NIS 550 50 600

Internal plastering

m2

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Cost per m2 of floor area (residential building)

Description (m2) Structural elements finishing total stores 70 40 110 Ground floor First floor 80 80 160 60 80 140

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Cost of housing unit

= cost of m2 * the areas of the unit

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Analysis of quantities
Analysis to raw material quantities for example :
- Concrete : cement, water, aggregate, steel, - Cement in 1m3: - Mixing proportion (4:2:1) = 300kg, 6:3:1 = 200 kg, - 8:4:1 = 150 kg

- 1m3 concrete = 80% aggregates, 40% sand

- 1m3 (footings) = 60kg.
Eng: Eyad Haddad 132

Miscellaneous works
1m2 block (40*20*20) = 12.5 block
1m2 tiling (25*25) = 16 1 sack of cement = 18-20 m2 plastering 1 sack cement = built 100-120 blocks

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Estimation of Concrete price

1 m3 concrete consist of :
350 kg cement (1.2-1.3) ton aggregates 0.8 ton sand Price of mixing and pouring, transportation The total price will be =

= 0.35 *300NIS+1.3*70+0.8*120+20 (mixing) =320 NIS

Eng: Eyad Haddad

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 Steel reinforcement
In general and according to practices, the following

elements contains , Steel reinforcement

1m3Foundation=50kg 1m3ground 1m3 1m2 1m3 1m3

beams=100kg

slab=90kg
slab=17-20kg column=80kg ground slab=50kg 80kg/m3
135

stairs=

Eng: Eyad Haddad

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Payment certificate(

Financial Request for payment, prepared by contractors,

and approved by consultant / owner , describing the actual

achieved works , by calculating the unit price by the

quantity of item done.
It is important for the contractor as well as for the owner.

For the contractor, he gets the value of works done, and save

to him liquidity
for the owner , he become aware of the progress, achieved

(actual) and planned, therefore, he can know if there is any obstacles or delay()
Eng: Eyad Haddad 137

Preparation of payment
1- preparation by contractor

Pay the amount of the payment request

Eng: Eyad Haddad

Review and approved by the consultant/ supervisor engineer

138

Types of payment certificates

1- interim payment certificate
2- final statement / final payment certificates

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Eng: Eyad Haddad

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1- interim payment certificate

It is request for payment, contains quantity survey for

the accomplished works , and other supporting details submitted by contractor over the progress period of the project, .
The amount of each request should not be less than

10% of the contract value or according to contract

conditions
Eng: Eyad Haddad 141

Contents of the payment certificate

1- Financial Payment Certificate:
it is a survey of the accomplished works (actual done), multiplied by its value according to the contract. 2- Measurements : 3- Drawings : as built drawings.

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Content of the Payment Certificate

First: Financial Payment Certificate:
It contains : ( Summary, actual works, documents)

1- summary:
describing the commencement date, project end date, in addition to other data as contract value, variation order, percentage of the accomplished works, value of the current payment, and due payment, any

amount to be deducted for retention,

Eng: Eyad Haddad 143

Content of the Payment Certificate

1- summary: (Cont.)
Percentage of retention stated in the Contract Data

to the total of the above,

and Retention Money (if any) stated in the

Contract Data;
any amounts to be added and deducted for the

advance payment ,
the deduction of amounts certified in all previous

Payment Certificates.

Eng: Eyad Haddad

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Payment Certificate (Cont.)

2- Actual work: total price of the accomplished works, and percentage of the work done in relation to total project.

3- Documents: other supporting documents including the description of the items, progress in each item previously and also
Eng: Eyad Haddad current, unit price, total percentage of the project 145

Payment Certificate
Second : measurements
And it is table of actual quantity survey
accomplished, including item description, number, volume (length, width, height) and the total.

Third : As build drawings

describing the details of the work done.
Eng: Eyad Haddad 146

Final payment certificate

It is called the final payment (certificate) after the

primary taking over the project.

The process of approval as follows: 1- after taking over the project, final request for payment is prepared, the contractor signed the request for payment and the measurement sheet, and submitting it to engineer( owner). 2- to be paid the following documents should be attached :
Eng: Eyad Haddad 147

2- to be paid the following documents should be

attached :
Copy of taking over certificate signed form the

committee
Copy of the bid submitted from the contractor after

considering the prices in the request for payment

defect liability security All tests results

Deduction of the works that mentioned in the taking

over or any liquidated damages.

Letters of project extension if it was extended. Eng: Eyad Haddad
148

Final payment certificate

Contents of the final payment certificate :
Application for the request List of the actual accomplished works and its value. List of measurements As build drawings as it was approved from the

engineer.
Eng: Eyad Haddad 149

Lecture # 9

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Estimating of reinforcement steel for footings & columns

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Table of reinforcement steel weights :

Diameter Wt of 1m length (kg) Area of section (mm2) Perimeter (mm)

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 25 28 32 36 40

0.222 0.395 0.617 0.888 1.209 1.58 1.999 2.468 2.986 3.856 4.837 6.318 7.996 9.872
Eng: Eyad Haddad

0.283 0.502 0.785 1.13 1.539 2.01 2.543 3.14 3.799 4.906 6.154 8.038 10.174 12.56

1.884 2.521 3.14 3.768 4.396 5.024 5.652 6.28 6.908 7.85 8.792 10.048 11.304 12.56
152

 Weight of 1m of steel bar = Y ( *(V (( Y R. Steel = 7850 kg / m3 Weight of 1m of steel bar = ((7850*3.14/100*100*4)*D2)

Weight of 1m of steel bar = (diameter, cm)2 * 0.617

Area of section = r2

Perimeter (mm) = 2 r

Eng: Eyad Haddad

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Footing table
F4, C4 F3, C3 F2, C2 F1, C1

Eng: Eyad Haddad

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Length of steel Bars :

F1 : 1.5 x 1.3 x 0.45 m, 9 12
F2 = 1.7 x 1.5 x 0.45 m, & 11 12 F3 = 1.9 x 1.7 x 0.45 m, & 12 12 F4 = 2.1 X 1.9 X 0.5 m, & 14 12 Concrete cover = 5 cm
Eng: Eyad Haddad 155

Reinforcement = 1112 , &

Reinforcement = 1312 , Reinforcement = 1412 , Reinforcement = 1612 ,

For F1:
Length of steel in longitudinal direction: Ls = 1.5 - .05*2 =1.4 m In vertical direction at both sides = (0.45-0.05*2)/3 *2= 0.24 m The total for bar in longitudinal direction = 1.4+0.24+0.12*2=1.88 m The total length for all steel in longitudinal direction = length of 1 bar *number

of bars in the direction = 1.88*11=20.57 m

In traverse direction: = 1.3 0.05*2+0.12*2+0.24 = 1.68m Total length for all steel in the short direction = 9 *1.68 = 15.12 m

The total in both direction = 35.69 m

WT of steel for one foot type F1 = 35.69 * 0.888= 31.693 kg For all F1 = 31.693 *4 = 126.77kg.
Eng: Eyad Haddad 156

ID

Item description

unit

Diam.

Length of bar

Total length

Wt of 1m

Total Wt

No. of Total WT footings for all F1

drawings

Reinforcemen t steel for footings : F1 Kg 12 In long 1.88*11 0.888 directio +1.68*9 n = 1.88 = 35.69 m In short directio n = 1.68

31.693

126.77

Eng: Eyad Haddad

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For column neck:

C1 = 25*60, 614

(F1 : 1.5 x 1.3 x 0.45 m, Reinforcement =

1112 , & 9 12) Length of one bar: Excavation depth = 1.5 m, floor height = 0.48 m Steel leg = 1.5 (0.05*2)/4 = 0.35 m The total length = 1.5 +0.48+0.35+0.14 0.1 0.05 0.024 = 2.296 m

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For stirrups: If length of column section <60cm, one stirrup is needed, but if it is > 60cm, two ties is needed Concrete cover for column = 2.5 cm For C1 = 25*60 Length of stirrups= (0.6 0.05)*2 = 1.1m Width of stirrup= (0.25-0.05 )*2 = 0.4m ( = mm * 10) cm Total length of the stirrup= 1.1+0.4+0.08*2 = 1.66m

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Floor
COLUMNS NECK & GROUND COLUMNS NECK & GROUND COLUMNS NECK & GROUND

Type

Column .NO
C2 , C3 , C4 , C5 , C7 , C8, C9 C10 , C14 , C17, C19, C20, C21 C22 , C23 , C25,C26, C27,C29 C30 , C31 , CC

Dim.
(cmXcm)

Reinf. 6 14

NOTES :STR. 1 8 / 20 cm

A B C

40 x 25

C12 , C13 , C15 , C16 , C18

40 x 20

14

STR. 1

8 / 20 cm

C1 , C6 , C11, C24 , C28 , C32

45 x 45

16

14

STR. 2

8 / 20 cm

COLUMN TYPE A
40cm 25cm

COLUMN TYPE B
40cm 20cm

COLUMN TYPE C
45cm

45cm 1 8mm@20cm 1 8mm@20cm 2 8mm@20cm

Remark : column ( cc )start from the ground beam Eng: Eyad Haddad

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Type

No.

Columns
C2,C3,C4,C5,C7,C8 C9, C10 , C14 , C17 C18, C19, C20 , C21 C22 , C23 , C25,C26 C27, C29 , C30, C30 C1 , C11, C12 , C13 C15 , C16 , C24, C32

Dimentions (cm Xcm) 100 X 100

Thickness (cm) 30

Reinforcement

Remarks

F1

22

12

in both direction

F2 F3

8 2

140 X 140 160 X 160

40 40

8 10

12 12

in both direction in both direction

C6 , C28

Typical Footing F1

Typical Footing F2
Eng: Eyad Haddad

Typical Footing F3
167

17
0.55 4.00

0.40 0.55 2.33 C 0.40 C

C18
Beams Width Hight B1 B2 B3 55 40 45 25 25 25

Bottom Reinf.

Top Reinf. Stirups

2 14 3 14 3 14

2 14 2 14 2 14

2 14 2 12 2 12

1 1 1

8mm /20cm 8mm /20cm 8mm /20cm

15

C16

A 3.22 B A B

C12
0.45

C13

1 14mm 1 14mm
3.00

C1

0.40

Eng: Eyad Haddad

C2

168

10cm

Home Work 2
50cm

40cm

T1
25cm

T2 T1 T1 T2 T1 T1 T1

T2 T1 T2 T1 T2 T1 T1 T2

T1 T1
10cm

T1
50cm 40cm

25cm

T1 T2
10cm

T1 T1

50cm 40cm

25cm

T1 T2 T3
Eng: Eyad Haddad

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