EFFECT OF MIXING IN A STIRRED TANK REACTOR

UNDER THE ESTEEMED GUIDANCE OF

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B.DHANANJANEYULU M.Tech & RAMESH.S.BHANDE M.Tech(Ph.D)

R.SURENDRA KIRAN M.S.RAVI TEJA T.SRIHARSHAVARDHAN G.GANESH

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ESSENSE OF THE PROJECT

To study the performance of a Stirred Tank Reactor

using different parameters.

To design a better and a controlled mixing process

that utilizes raw materials and avoids pollution.

To cut down the mixing expenditure.

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PARAMETERS CONSIDERED
Type of mixing process

Lateral mixing Axial mixing Type of flow Laminar Flow Turbulent Flow Type of reactor Batch reactor
Type of mixers to be used

Mechanical Agitators

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KEY PROCESS VARIABLES

Residence time () Volume (V) Temperature (T) Pressure (P) Concentrations of chemical species (C1, C2.)

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TYPES OF IMPELLERS
It is the most efficient blender of A high blade marine flow Double flight ribbon Three efficiency turbulent

all existing close our smallest impeller used on clearance type:. type agitators at direct drive agitators turbine motor speeds. . Generally used for applications The high solidity permits where viscosities are ordinarily greater than 30,000 boiling operation nearer the MPa. point without cavitations.

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TYPES OF IMPELLERS
effective impeller A cost effective impeller A reasonably cost and:laminar flow. Straight Blade Axial impeller in both turbulent for operation very near Good impeller Impeller : for applications the floor the viscosity changes over a where of a tank for agitating wide heel causing the flow regime the range in solids to vary between turbulent and suspension applications. laminar flow.

A reasonably cost effective impeller for solids suspension.

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PROCEDURE
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Fill the overhead tanks with NaOH and Ethyl Acetate. Adjust the flow rates of NaOH and Ethyl Acetate until the flow reaches steady state. Switch on the stirrer. Add 10 ml of Glacial Acetic Acid to the reactor Collect the samples from outlet for every 30 seconds of time interval. Take 10ml from each sample and transfer it to the conical flask which contains 10ml HCl. Titrate the sample with NaOH by adding phenolphthalein indicator, till colorless solution 6/14/12

FORMULAE

QNaOH * NNaOH

CAO = QNaOH + QETHYL ACETATE VETHYL ACETATE * SETHYL ACETATE = M.W.(1+VETHYL ACETATE )

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CBO =

QETHYL ACETATE *SETHYL ACETATE

QNaOH + QETHYL ACETATE M = CBO CAO CA = GNaOH VSAMPLE XA = 1 - CA CAO

V
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OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS

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EFFECT OF MIXING WITHOUT STIRRER

S.NO QNaOH
(LPH)

QETHYL ACETATE
(LPH)

1 2 3 4 5

12.5 10 7.5 5 2.5

15 12.5 10 7.5 5

V NaOH RUNDOWN ml 6.5 4.7 3.3 3.0 2.0

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S NO 1 2 3 4 5

sec 0.03709 0.0453 0.0582 0.0816 0.136

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XA 0.0001 0.010 0.0109 0.112 0.119

RESIDENCE TIME Vs CONVERSION

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CONVERSION BY VARYING RPMs

S.No
XA

AT 400 RPM

XA

AT 600 RPM

XA

AT 1000 RPM 0.112 0.344 0.499 0.546 0.844

sec
0.03709 0.045 0.058 0.0816 0.136

1 2 3 4 5

0.0512 0.0740 0.0911 0.202 0.335

0.0841 0.099 0.156 0.331 0.584

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RESIDENCE TIME Vs CONVERSION

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CONVERSION WITH A THREE blade marine TYPE impeller

S.No

QNaOH
(LPH)

QETHYL ACETATE (LPH)

Volume of NaOH rundown ml

1 2 3 4 5

12.5 10 7.5 5 2.5

15 12.5 10 7.5 5
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6.9 6.5 6.3 6.1 6.0

S.No 1 2 3 4 5

XA
O.O114 0.02021 0.02117 0.19905 0.20704

Sec 0.037 0.045 0.058 0.0816 0.136

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RESIDENCE TIME Vs CONVERSION

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CONVERSION WITH A straight blade type impeller

S NO

QNaOH (LPH)

QETHYL ACETATE (LPH)

V NaOH RUNDOWN ml

1 2 3 4 5

12.5 10 7.5 5 2.5

15 12.5 10 7.5 5
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7.5 6.9 6.5 6.3 6.1

S NO

XA

Sec
0.0370 0.045 0.058 0.0816 0.136
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1 2 3 4 5

0.0321 0.05705 0.06774 0.18905 0.33903

RESIDENCE TIME Vs CONVERSION

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CONVERSION WITH AN AXIAL HIGH EFFICIENCY IMPELLER

S NO

QNaOH (LPH)

QETHYL ACETATE (LPH)

V NaOH RUNDOWN ml

1 2 3 4 5

12.5 10 7.5 5 2.5

15 12.5 10 7.5 5
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9.0 8.5 7.0 6.9 6.5

S NO 1 2 3 4 5

XA

Sec

0.045 0.101 0.194 0.310 0.381

0.037 0.045 0.058 0.0816 0.136

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RESIDENCE TIME Vs CONVERSION

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CONVERSION WITH A DOUBLE flight ribbon impeller

S NO

QNaOH (LPH)

QETHYL ACETATE (LPH)

VOLUME OF NaOH RUNDOWN ml

1 2 3 4 5

12.5 10 7.5 5 2.5

15 12.5 10 7.5 5
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8.4 7.5 6.7 6.5 6.4

S NO 1 2 3 4 5

XA

Sec

0.0421 0.0631 0.082 0.210 0.348

0.037 0.045 0.058 0.0816 0.136

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RESIDENCE TIME Vs CONVERSION

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COMPARISION OF VARIOUS TYPES OF IMPELLERS BY TAKING CONVERSION AS FACTOR

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APPLICATIONS
Stirred tank reactors are frequently used in the

chemical and biochemical industry to accomplish mixing tasks. Stirred tank reactors are used for the mixing of various types of polymerizations, precipitations and fermentations. A better designed and controlled mixing process leads to significant pollution prevention, better usage of raw materials and avoids expensive separation costs downstream in the process.
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CONCLUSION

From our project we were able to study the following: Inefficient mixing has large negative effects on the yield and selectivity of a broad range of chemical reactions, because slow mixing can retard desired reactions. The speed of the agitators and its involvement in the effect of mixing using a Tachometer and a Dimmerstat. We have taken different stirrers and achieved maximum conversion and studied the effect of mixing varying RPM and found out the properties of different impellers and their rate of mixing using different liquids. The best conversion we have achieved for axial impeller because of the twisted blade structure when compared with other three impellers.
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SCOPE FOR FUTURE WORK

This study can be extended by varying different

reactors , agitators and solutions The study can be done in closed type vessels where different fluids can be taken.

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REFERENCES
Schmidt, Lanny, The Engineering Of Chemical

Reactions. NY Oxford Press, 1998. Octave Levenspiel, The Chemical Omnibook,Oregon St Univ Bookstores 1993. Effect Of Mixing in a Stirred Tank Reactor- Chemical Engineering Journal. Warren L.McCabe, Julian Smith, Peter Harriot. Unit Operations Of Chemical Engineering-2005. Bakker R A, Micro mixing in Chemical Reactors Thesis ,Delft University,1996.
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THANK YOU

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