.

(     R,L,C) 

Circuit (R,L,C)en srie en rgime sinusodal forc
!"# $ %   ' &  # .      RLC   


1 %*+  61 "! # 4 01 %*+   / !  %

. 2 3 1 %& + RLC 

   I

   8 1

i ( t ) = I m cos ( .t + i )

. < ; 
> " Im

= 2N =

2
*@  1 :
T

. t 6A" %&   B : ( .t + i )

D  EF %& G : i
%   cosi = 1 i = 0 i(t)=Im >K ;  t=0 D EF  # : H

i (t ) = I m cos . t

: " I  O4 P
: KRO> " 4 P  G* S + G " I  O4 P

I=

Im
2
  : 2
u(t) %6A"
: V/" *+  %*W 

u ( t ) = U m cos ( .t + 2 )

. Y + G 
% u(t) "  
>P Um

= 2N =

2
T

u(t) %6A"*@  1 :

. t 6A" %&  B : ( .t + u )

t=0 D  EF %& G : u

u = 0 %   u(t)=Um=Umcos u 1 # t=0 D EF  # H

u(t ) = U m cos . t
U O4
: KRO>! KS   0G G4 + G U O4


U=

Um
2
?>= <3
: V*W V  V* 
O 

u ( t ) = U m cos ( .t + u ) i ( t ) = I m cos ( .t + i )

u / i = u i : i (t )    ]* "u(t )  B %]1

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Page 1

i / u = i u : u(t )    ]* "i (t )  B

i (t ) *]   u(t )  B ^_ 

` 
 i / u u / i
.   0 # *O1
i (t ) !"# G %& 
 u(t )
 1 u / i > 0

i (t ) !"# G %& _^u(t )

 1 u / i < 0
`41 . G %& < !"# i (t ) u(t )
 1 u / i =

*]   %P
2
. G %& ` O !"# i (t ) u(t )
 1 u / i =
u/ i =

K A1 b

i (t ) = I m cos t KRO e*>& = u i = 0  1  d]*

u ( t ) = U m cos (t + ) u ( t ) = U m cos t + = U m cos ( ( t + ) )

gh .  /  i(t)   ]* " u(t) " = u G f&

. i(t) u(t) % A  V % / 4 !]

V Y"! ; ; #  K V
. G" 
"G 
 A
1   ?RLC  A II
. 2 3
u(t) : BF? : 1 B D 1
. H?I JG i(t) RLC < G? HG
 d*k1 gh 0*1 + %  $ /W 1
0K %*+ "!   # @4 
. N=100Hz "! # Um=2V 
>
V uR(t)   Y G V O1
%G V u(t)  %S EF %G
. RLC 
"  I  O4 P *  G
` 1
. RLC %G V U O4  G& G
` 1 %&
:  H
: %*+    RLC GBF  /

u ( t ) = U m cos ( .t + u )

 W i(t)  EH i (t ) = I m cos t 0; %    RLC %& 6&
. @4  '  4 % vw  RLC
L  1  RLC %]1
u(t)  %S EF %G V uR(t)    O V Y Y2 Y1 R^ V
. RLC %G V f*G
. i(t) 6A"   { ;  O V uR(t)    O V &]  1

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Page 2

!"# VO ! A "! #  u R ( t ) = Ri ( t ) i ( t ) =

1
u ( t )   1 K $]h
R

. i(t) < B $  Y1 E^

.I =

Im
KRO V f
A Yv Im ;  
>$]h 2
2
V f
A Yv u(t) " Um 
 
>V# 3

U=

Um
: KRO
2

: % Y % A  E 4
 G` 41 `  41 ` < 41
&] ~ ]K 61 %& +
 1
i(t) u(t)  % A  V % / 4" /1 5
. A 
  P *]   u(t) " G* O V 1 5

= 2

: %  $ i(t)

. i(t) u(t) V*W V 

V E  T gh
@A E O :  
V *W f
A 2 5
. % / 4 %& v GBF " N  C bH O O;" L %
. O1  4 2
I  O4 P  U O4{  1  v  4A1 f ] %  $ %& : G:
: %  W"! # E>A &
U(V)
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
I(mA)
0
0,60
1,20
1,85
2,50
3,15
. B  * I U  W R^ V  ]1

U = ZI
6  %&  # *O  O1  Z  H]!
S  h" % O
RLC MNO  PQ:
hR1  N=500Hz 
 ] W %& { 1
. Z O1  { ~ G hR1 { 1  #
(  R,L,C)  B A 2
.  
: N NR> F 1 2
i (t ) = I m cos t : %   6A" P* O gh D EF 1

u(t ) = U m cos(t + u )
. i P" *]    B

u = u AE = u AB + u BD + uDE :  ' & 1 K f*G1

:  1 K f*G
: %S EF"! # *

u AB = Ri
: L kA E O 
 ^" " O;" *]   *
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Page 3

u DE = L

di
dt

: C 0O bH" *]   *

O  % i   P "F  u &i =

dq
q
 uBD =
C
dt
: t=0  #
t

q(t ) = idt uDE

0

u = Ri + L

1
= idt
c0

di 1 t
+
idt : (R,L,C) '" "4  O]  1
dt c 0

. @* ` 41  i u &=2N  N ` 41  # i u

i = I m cos t

u = U m cos(t + )
di
d (cos t )
= Im
= I m sin t
dt
dt
t
t
Im
idt = I m cos tdt = sin t
0

:
  "# E>A '" 4  O %&

u = RI m cos t + LI m cos(t +

(i
, U
) = t +

) + m cos(t )
2
C
2

E & P1 '" 4  O Eh 2 2

3 SB SL:
x (t ) = a cos (t + ) : %  %*W* 
 O1

U = a 1 # O , i , j Y"O %& gA x (t )   U W

 1

x (t ) = a cos (t + ) : Ox !"# U  
# . t  #] O G
 h  W


. Ox A"! # U W* 
W 
 f G x %*W 
 hR1
.  #]  W x (t ) = a cos (t + ) *+  %*+ 
E K V
/ #]" ] 0k*1 %*+  
W E
 1 V : ~ eAF `O
. E & W !] *W   1 
W . "
. U V>1 = H3 H ?
x 1 (t ) = a 1 cos t : V  V*W V* O1

a 1 = a 2 = a gA x 2 = a 2 cos t +
2

. E & W  O  x = x 1 + x 2 W +

t=0 6A"  # B U 1 = a 1 gA U 1 W x 1
1

1 = 0 

2 =

 t=0 6A" %& B U 2 = a 2 gA U 2 W x 2

1

U = U1 + U2
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Page 4



a 2 6  U W

 t=0 6A"  # B

tan = 1 S

x (t ) = a 2 cos t +
4

. ZL J ? MNO ^]N SB D1

: !"# >A V / Y & g"H %& KRO %  P1"! #  #
Z =

1 2
Um U
2
) Im
O1 ]  1 V U m = R + ( L
=
C
Im
I
Z = R 2 + ( L

cos =

RI m R
~ tg =
=
Um
Z

L
R

1 2
)
C

1
C $]A1 G

. aG=b H1 d III

: B A 1
@4    %GO gh 0*1 + EH %*W $ /W 1
. d*k" R K N U  O4 0K    GBF
. {F r  
L=0,95H % kA E O O;
C=0,5F 0O bH
!"# R=r+r " 
 U=2V 
"! # U O4*  H1
. R1=40 

. " I  O4 P
` 1 E %& " N { 1
{ ~ R2=100 
"! # "R " 
 d*k1
. 
 ] W O1 %S EF" r 

: %  W %&    1
:  "!    # E>A & %S EF" r  " { 
R { 
1
N(Hz)
R1=40,I(mA)
R2=100,I(mA

100
2
2

Allal mahdade

120
3,12
3,75

130
4,37
4,37

140
6,25
6,25

150
11,25
10

155
16,6
12,5

158
22,5
14,5

160
25
14,
75

http://sciencephysique.ifrance.com

161
25,75
14,87

166
23,12
14,5

170
16
12,
5

180
9,37
8,25

Page 5

200
53,7
4,75

 H    :
1  `41 %& EH Y"O
" *]   N  I V A V" R1 V " R2 .
2  f"G Y 1 !"# RLC Y  !"# H  . GBF @4
^_  # ] K H" N "  1" N0 e*> P  "  O4  &%
 >K 
1 & %   A  RLC  &  h %. V1
2 h 1   ]* : ! A  E
  # N0. V1
P   # I0  O4. V1
2 2 O1  Z1 $]h  # K Yv V1
  1 " " R1 .
> b   # RLC V1
3  
G 3dB  3dcibel  RLC W %  ]" [ N1,N2

I0
f
A ghP  " I  O4 : KRO
2

. I

3 V# 1 N1 V R ! A " *]   N2& f . R1

R
3 2 $]hO 
G " N = N 2 N1 K Yv < 01
   N = 1 6
2 L
] 
3 v_  3
 " " # !"#  
G
4  d*k1  !"# H
 . N0
4 1 $W b d ; b    O u(t) V ) uR(t
4 2 E ) u(t ) !"# uR(t& %& fG E"#. ~ +
2 ^? A H1D
: 2 H1
$]h  A :hR1
 >K K !"# & 1& `41 f
  ] % " *]   N=160Hz  4 1
.R
]h   " N0 :

= N0

2 LC
N 0 604 Hz
 ]1 
1 N=N0 . 1
^: d bB ?O H1  :N N<? hN B g N N0
N=N0
?? N Nb
R^ V hR   A :  W
 1
 " R {F  ;    O4
>  # V1*  V1
h .
  # R* / 
1 V1  V1.  *' e*F
3  A B : H1
1 k2 BI
 OH1

Page 6

http://sciencephysique.ifrance.com

Allal mahdade

 = 2N I = f(N)
I = f( )
I=

U
=
Z

U
R 2 + ( L

1
=0
C
LC 2 = 1

1 2
)
C

 1 Z O1    # >K I

1
LC
1
N = N0 =
2 LC

= 0 =

.*W <    f G N=N0 *]   >K I

H1 O  F1?
.  ] 
 " "1  O1  L =

I0 =

1
Z = R V1  #
C

U
U
I=
Z = R : I  O4 P" I0 >
 

R
Z

=0:  <h: MNO u(t) i(t) b: H1 O

" 3db " . < 2

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Page 7

 gh " [N1 , N 2 ] W %& (R,L,C) "3db " .

 G  :qBF: *
( V1  #  " O4 P EH I0 )

I0
] EKS"! # * I  W
2

 G  # N = N 2 N1

:
 G  A

 G  A V" 2 1 V
 V# gA* 
'# I

I0
 W  gh
2

= 2 1 N = N 2 N1

2 1

2 2
2N =
N =

rad/s 1 H"! #

    G  # V# *O
. / 
:
 G  # ] h

I=

R 2 + ( L
I0 =

1
)
C

U
V1  # K
R

0& f
A W
  G  A V" 2 VK V# gA*1

I =
U
R 2 + ( L

1 2
)
C

I0
U 1
I=
R 2
2

1 U
2 R

1
1 2
1
=
2 R 2 = R 2 + ( L
) L
= R
2
1
C
C

2
2
R + ( L
)
2R
C
LC 21 1 = RC1 LC 2 1 = + RC2
U

LC ( 2 2 1 ) = RC (2 + 1 )
2

LC (2 1 ) = RC = 2 1 =
N =

R
=
2
2L

R
L

. R < B $  L R f"O
 G  #
. {F ~ N h V1  + {F R & %  A %&
S?F? 3
:   KRO  W E O O

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Page 8

N0

= 0
N
L
L 0
= Q =
R
R

Q=

. V1 h /  h  0 # *O1

 G  # < ]# $  W E O Q
. *Q K 1 " h V1 "
.  1 { " F Q 1 "

Q=

L0
1
1 L
=
=
R
RC0 R C

L0=

1
V1  #
C 0

V1  # E & P1
. :  S?F? ~ W E O %]1
: V1  # O; bH %G V * O

U L = L0 I0 U c =

I0
C0

U c = U L L0 I0 =

I0
C0

U = R . I0
UC =

I0
U
=
= Q. U
C0 RC0

U L = L0 I0 =
Q=

L0 U
= Q. U
R

UC QL
=
U
U

01"! #  U L > U UC > U % O . *Q h V1   # 01 hR

.  F # R  ! K B @ O EP % .  & 6 V1  #

.      VI
^N  1
  s
W=U I t: % X $G
 % v B V *] K G  t R^
P = UI  

I
B
%*W  6  %&
U=VA-VB

i = I 2 cos t
u = U 2 cos(t + )
p=ui 6A"   
 A  %&

p = 2UI cos t. cos(t + )

1
cos t. cos(t + ) = (cos(2t + ) + cos )
2
p = UI [cos(2t + ) + cos ]
%& d
& V* %& $G
 % v B V *] K G>" h Y
 V V  


bO k V& p<0
4 p>0 K B $] $G
 % v    O 6A
. G
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Page 9

<A  2
: T R^ $G
 % v B V *]   K G

dE
dt
p = 2UI [cos(2t + ) + cos ]

p=

E = UI [cos(2t + ) + cos ]dt = UI cos dt + UI cos(2t + )dt

t

E = UIT cos + 0 = UIT cos

E
P = P = UI cos
T

E O Cos
 6


S = UI
P = UI cos
P
cos =
S

E O

U = ZI
cos =

R
Z

P = UI cos = ZI 2

R
Z

P = RI 2
+ O4 R  
B V  G  ]"~ 
   RLC %&
P=RI2 ]  

S?F?  : d^N?
 v U "]"~ Vk # ]"~ & ] B V   K B R  #
%& ^_ 0
" F* P G^ %& i(t) %    0"
 R 
. "O]   /+S   f"O G
~ A Icos  A P   ]* 
I cos =

P
]1 P = UI cos KRO V
U

B $  *P G^ %& + O4  . cos 

E O {F " * I %  
E O A ^S  &  #] ] h !"# K G" # ' EH &I2 <
0.8 V# E
 # "! ]"~ # 0'4


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Page 10