{\rtf\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0 Times New Roman;}{\f1 Arial;}{\f2 Courier;}{\f3 Se

goe UI;}{\f4 Times;}{\f5 Helvetica;}}{\colortbl\red0\green0\blue0;\red255\green2

55\blue255;\red128\green128\blue128;}\paperw11900\paperh16840\margl0\margr0\marg
t0\margb0\sectd\sbknone\sected\cols1\colno1\colw11900\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard
\plain\sl-325\par\pard\plain\li2387\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Interna
tional\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Conference\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
on\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Dependable\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Syst
ems\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 &\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Networks:\f1
\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Anchorage,\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Alaska,\f
1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 June\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 24-27\f1\fs16\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2008\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard
\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-301\
par\pard\plain\li1903\sl-373\f3\fs28\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Integration\f3\fs28\cf
0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f3\fs28\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Evaluation\f3\fs28\cf0\b\i
0\ul0\strike0 of\f3\fs28\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Multi-Instance-Precommit\f3\fs28
\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Schemes\par\pard\plain\li4782\sl-333\f3\fs28\cf0\b\i0\ul0
\strike0 within\f3\fs28\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\par\pard\plain\sl-319\p
ar\pard\plain\li4121\sl-288\f4\fs22\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Paolo\f4\fs22\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 Romano\f4\fs22\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs22\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 Francesco\f4\fs22\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Quaglia\par\pard\plain\li4306\s
l-259\f4\fs22\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DIS,\f4\fs22\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Sapienza
\f4\fs22\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Universit`a\f4\fs22\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 di\f4
\fs22\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Roma\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw6150\
colsr10\colno2\colw5740\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-278\par\pard\plain\l
i2919\sl-311\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Abstract\par\pard\plain\li1241\sl-254\
f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Multi-Instance-Precommit\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strik
e0 (MIP)\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 has\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 been\f
3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 recently\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 pre-\par\par
d\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 sented\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 as\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 an\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 innova
tive\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 transaction\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 man
agement\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 scheme\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 in\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 support\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i
\ul0\strike0 of\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 reliability\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\
strike0 for\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Atomic\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
Transactions\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 in\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 mult
i-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 tier\f3\fs18\cf0\b0
\i\ul0\strike0 (e.g.\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Web-based)\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i
\ul0\strike0 systems.\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 With\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\
strike0 this\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 scheme,\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
fail-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 over\f3\fs18\c
f0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 of\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 a\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\str
ike0 previously\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 activated\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\st
rike0 transaction\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 can\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 be\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 supported\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs
18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 via\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 simple\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\
i\ul0\strike0 retry\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 logics,\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\
strike0 which\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 do\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 no
t\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 require\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 knowledge\
par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 about\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i
\ul0\strike0 whether,\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 and\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\st
rike0 on\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 which\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 site
s,\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 the\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 original\f3\f
s18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 transac-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i
\ul0\strike0 tion\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 was\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
precommitted.\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Mutual\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 deadlock\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 between\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
the\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 orig-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0
\b0\i\ul0\strike0 inal\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 and\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\st
rike0 the\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 retried\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 t

ransaction\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 are\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 preve

nted\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 via\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 MIP\f3\fs18
\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 fa-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\str
ike0 cilities,\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 which\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
also\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 support\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 reconc
iliation\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 mechanisms\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
for\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 at-most-once\f3\fs
18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 transaction\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 execution\f3\
fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 semantic.\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 In\f3\fs18\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 this\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 arti-\par\pard\plain\li10
02\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 cle\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 we\f3\f
s18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 present\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 an\f3\fs18\cf0\b
0\i\ul0\strike0 extension\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 of\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0
\strike0 the\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 open\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 s
ource\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\f
s18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 database\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 system\f3\fs18\c
f0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 in\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 order\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0
\strike0 to\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 support\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
MIP.\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 The\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 extension\
par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 is\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul
0\strike0 based\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 on\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
the\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 exploitation\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 of\
f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 native\f3
\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 multi-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i
\ul0\strike0 version\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 concurrency\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\
ul0\strike0 control\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 scheme.\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\
strike0 We\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 also\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 pre
sent\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 an\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b
0\i\ul0\strike0 experimental\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 evaluation\f3\fs18\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 based\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 on\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\
strike0 the\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 TPC-W\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 b
enchmark,\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 aimed\f3\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 at\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 quantifying\f3\fs18\cf0
\b0\i\ul0\strike0 the\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 relative\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\u
l0\strike0 overhead\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 of\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strik
e0 MIP\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 facil-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 ities\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 on\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\u
l0\strike0 transaction\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 execution\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i
\ul0\strike0 latency,\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 system\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0
\strike0 throughput\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 a
nd\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 storage\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 usage.\pa
r\pard\plain\li1002\sl-477\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 1.\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\ul0\
strike0 Introduction\par\pard\plain\li1241\sl-247\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 design\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 development\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 supports\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reliable\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 management\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (Web-based)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 multi-tier\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 dis-\par\pard\plain\li1002\
sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tributed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sys
tems\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fundamental\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 issue\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 most\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 modern\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ap-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl
-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 plications,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 su
ch\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e-business.\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 One\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 complex\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 representative\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 case\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\

strike0 when\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 middle-tier\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s

trike0 servers\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 drive\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 execution\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 dis-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tributed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 involving\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 multiple\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (autonomous)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 back-\par\par
d\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 end\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 sites,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
one\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cannot\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rely\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 application\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 level\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 compen-\par\pard\
plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 mechanisms\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 guarantee\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 atomicity\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 despite\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 failures.\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scenario,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 employment\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 an\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Atomic\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 Commit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Pro-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tocol\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (ACP)\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mandatory.\par\pard\pl
ain\li1241\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 mainstream\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ACP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 so\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 called\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Two-Phase-\par\pard
\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Commit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 (2PC),\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 based\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 precommit\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 state\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e
xpression\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 trans
actional\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sites\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 end
orsement\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 succe
ssful\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 execution\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 local\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 manipulation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 statements.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 For\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 this\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 p
rotocol,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 several\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 f
rameworks\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 bee
n\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 proposed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 achieve\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 integration\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 multi-tier\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
system\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 organiza-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tion,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 among\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 can\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mention\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 classical\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Transaction\par\pard\plain\li100
2\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Processing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Monitors\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [1]\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 recent\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e-Transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 speci-\par\
pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?cation\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [2].\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 base\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 idea\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik

e0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 all\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 these\f

4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 solutions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 achieve\par\pard\plai
n\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reliability\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 via\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mutual\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
fail-over\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 capabilities\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 across\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 middle-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-22
2\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tier\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 server\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 replicas\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 or\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 incarnations.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 done\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 via\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 diffu-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-22
2\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 precommit/abort\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 logs\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 across\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 middle-tier\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (before\par\pard\pl
ain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 any\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 commit/abort\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 message\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sent\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 out)
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 so\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 prevent\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\par\pard\column\
plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-323\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-240\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 different\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 server\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 replicas\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 take\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 different\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 decisions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 same\
par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 distributed\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 possibly\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 leading\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 violation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 atomicity\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 property.\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 From\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 formal\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 perspective,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 means\par\pard\plain\li0\sl
-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reaching\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 conse
nsus\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 outcome\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 distributed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 trans-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a
ction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 across\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 middle-tier.\par\pard\plain\li239\sl-261\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 On\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 other\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hand,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cost\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 achieving\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 consensus
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 become\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 unaffordable\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 case\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 large\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scale
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 geographical\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 dis\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tribution\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 middle-tier\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 servers,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 like\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Application\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 Deliv-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ery\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Network\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (ADN)\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 infrastructures\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [9],\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 namely\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 representa-\par\p
ard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tive\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st

rike0 expressions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik

e0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 edge\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 compu
ting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 paradigm\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 service\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 oriented\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 applications.\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cope\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 issue,\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 recently\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 presented\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
innovative\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (application\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 transpar-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ent)\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 management\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 model\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 distributed\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 atomic\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions,\par
\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 referred\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Multi-In
stance-Precommit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (MIP)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 [6],\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 been\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 used\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 building\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 b
lock\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 con-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 struction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
multi-tier\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reliability\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 protocols\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 framed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e-\pa
r\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 speci\u64257?cation.\par\pard\plain\li239\sl-261\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 With\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 each\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 replicated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 middle-tier\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 server\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 instance\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 retry\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 execution\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 given\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (e.g.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 upon\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 client\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 re-transmission),\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 without\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 explicit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 knowledge
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (and\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 therefore\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 consensus)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 about\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 state\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 previously\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 acti-\
par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 vated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 instance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (if\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 any)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 th
at\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 same\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactio
n.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 two\par\par
d\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 instances\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 do\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 not\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 incur\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 m
utual\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 deadlock\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 reconciliated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 commit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 time\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri

ke0 just\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 thanks\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t

o\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 capabilities
\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 offered\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 hence\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 obeying\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
at-most-once\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 semantic.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 We\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 note\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 avoidance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 explicit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 consensus\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transac-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 outcome\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 across\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 middle-tier\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 servers\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 means\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 avoiding\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\l
i0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 need\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 accurate\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 failure\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detection\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 capabilit
ies\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 across\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 those\p
ar\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 same\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 servers.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 further\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 strengthens\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 relevance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 model.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 Concerning\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 design\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
formal\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 correctness\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 multi-tier\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reliability\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 protocols\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (i.e.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e-Transaction\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 proto-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 cols)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 based\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 model,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 remind\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 readers\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 [6].\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Instead,\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 article\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 focus\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 integration\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 (version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 8.1.3).\par\pard\plain\l
i239\sl-260\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 We\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 desc
ribe\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 methodic\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 manner\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 issues\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 associ-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at
ed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 integration\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 includ-\par\pard\plain
\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 non
-intrusive\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 modi\u64257?cations\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 existing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 database\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 kernel\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 subsystems\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (such\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 concurrency\f4\fs

18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 control).\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f4\fs18\

cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 descrip-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 tion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 b
e\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 also\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 reference\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 possible\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 integration\par\pard\plain\li0\s
l-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 kernel\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 other\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 database\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 systems,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 espe-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cially\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 those\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 oriented\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 multi-version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 concurrency\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 control\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 (natively\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 adopted\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PosgreSQL).\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 Finally,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
present\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 experimental\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 study\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 relying\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TPC-W\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 benchmark\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [8],\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 aimed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 evaluating\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 overhead\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 facil-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ities,\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 terms\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 latency\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 system\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 throughput,\par\sect\sected\sbk
none\cols3\colno1\colw5790\colsr10\colno2\colw2470\colsr10\colno3\colw3620\pard\
plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\p
ar\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\
sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-207\par\pard\plain\li1440\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 1-4244-2398-9/08/$20.00\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u169?2008\f1\fs1
6\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 IEEE\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200
\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plai
n\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-207\par\p
ard\plain\li0\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 404\par\pard\column\plain\sl200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\p
lain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\pa
r\pard\plain\sl-207\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DSN\
f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2008:\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Romano\f1\fs
16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 &\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Quaglia\sect\sectd\sb
kpage\pgwsxn11900\pghsxn16840\sected\cols1\colno1\colw11900\pard\plain\sl-200\pa
r\pard\plain\sl-325\par\pard\plain\li2387\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 I
nternational\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Conference\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 on\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Dependable\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Systems\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 &\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Networ
ks:\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Anchorage,\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Ala
ska,\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 June\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 24-27\f1
\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2008\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw6150\
colsr10\colno2\colw5740\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\s
l-318\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-240\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 well\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 terms\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 extra\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 storage\f

4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuples\f4\fs18\

cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 metadata.\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-428\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\u
l0\strike0 2.\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 MI
P\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Model\par\pard\plain\li1241\sl-260\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 There\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 two\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 main\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
aspects\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 diffe
rentiate\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\p
ar\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 model\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 compared\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 traditional\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (distributed)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 management\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 schemes,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 one\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 r
elated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transact
ion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 demar-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 concurrency\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 control,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 other\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 one\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 re
lated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 precommit/commit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 logs.\par\par
d\plain\li1241\sl-223\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Concerning\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?rst\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 aspect,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 basic\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 idea\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i
s\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 allow\par\par
d\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 transactional\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 manipulation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 request,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (c
oncur-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rently)\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 activated,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 effectively\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 processed,\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 multiple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 times.\par\pa
rd\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 would\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 permit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 fail-over\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 previously\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 activa
ted\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 trans-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 action\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 instance\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 without\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 its\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 preventive\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 extermination.\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Over-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 all,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fol
lowing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 features\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ch
aracterize\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 demarcation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 and\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 concurrency\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 control\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP:\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-331\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 Transaction\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Demarcation.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 A\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 un
ivocally\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associated\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP-TID,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 formed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cou
-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ple\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 <\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XID,\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri

ke0 XIN\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ST\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 >\f4\f

s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 XID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 base\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identi
\u64257?er,\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f3\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XIN\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ST\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 so\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 called\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 inst
ance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identi\u64257?er.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 Multiple\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 same\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 ,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 but\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 they
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cannot\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 same\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 <\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XI
D,\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XIN\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ST\f3\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 >\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pair.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 We\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 say\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 all\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 same\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 XID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 but\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 different\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XIN\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 ST\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 values,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 form\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 family\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transac-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 tions.\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-331\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Conc
urrency\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Control.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 case\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f3\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 requires\par\pard\plain\li10
02\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (read/write)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 access\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 some
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 item\f3\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 d\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 previously\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 accessed\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 (written/read)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 not\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 yet\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 committed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (e.g.\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 precommitted)\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 granted\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 acce
ss\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pre-image\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f3\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 d\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 w
ith\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 respect\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 execution\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 if\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (A)\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
T\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 both\par\pard\plain\li10
02\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 trans
actions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (B)\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 they\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 share\f4\fs18\c

f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 same\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\

ul0\strike0 XID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (i.e.\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-2
22\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 they\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions).\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Hence,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 any\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 update\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 performed\par\pard\p
lain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 not\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 yet\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 committed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 not\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 visible\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 any\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Operatively,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 this\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 means\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 that\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 newly\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 activated\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 does\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 not\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 get\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 blocked\par\pard\plain\li1002
\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 waiting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 commit/abort\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 previously\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 activated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 one,\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 due\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 con\u
64258?icts.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 b
uilding\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 block\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 allo
ws\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 effective\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fail\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 over\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 (with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 no\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 need\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ac
curate\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 failure\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 det
ection\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ex-\par
\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 plicit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 extermination\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 protocols\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 original\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pending\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 trans-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 action
),\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 activated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 case\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whichever\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 anomaly\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (also\par\pard\plain\li1002
\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 including\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 p
erformance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 failures)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 occurs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 along\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 th
e\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 chain\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\par\par
d\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 multi-tier\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 components\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 originally\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 involved\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 processing\par\pard\plain\li1002\
sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactional\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 manipulation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 request.\
par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-331\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Concerning\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 other\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 aspect\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 differentiation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 standard\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tran

sactional\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 schemes,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
namely\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 manage
ment\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 precom-\pa
r\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mit/commit\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 logs,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 model\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 relies\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 struc-\par\pard\
plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ture\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 called\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP-Table\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 (MIPT).\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 o
bjective\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 structure\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 provide\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
supports\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 bot
h\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (A)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reconcilia-\
par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (hence\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 allowing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at-most-once\par\pard\plain\li
1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 semantic)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (B)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 retriev
ability\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (non
-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 deterministic)\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 results,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 select\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 one\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associ-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 manipulation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pattern\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 representative\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\par\pard\plain\li1
002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reconciliation.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 Overall,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 database\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 req
uired\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 main-\par
\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tain\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 each\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 family\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associ-\par\p
ard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 g
iven\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 following,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 will\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 denote\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f3\fs12\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 table\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 keeping\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 track\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tran
sactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-236\f3\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XID\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 x\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The
\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 y\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -th\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 entry\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 MIPT\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 st
ores\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 follow-\p

ar\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-318\par\pard
\plain\li0\sl-253\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 information\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 related\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transa
ction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XID\f3\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x\par\pard\plain\li
0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XIN\f3
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ST\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 y\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 :\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
(1)\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 state\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 :\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 value,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 domain\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-208\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \{\f3\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 null,\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 prepared,\f3\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 abort\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \}\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 ,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 re\u64258?ecting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 current\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 transaction\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 state\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 null\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 default\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 initialization\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 value);\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2)\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 result\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 :\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\pa
r\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (non-deterministic)\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 output\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 produced\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 execution\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction.\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Each\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f3\fs12\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 also\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 keeps\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
special\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?eld,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 namely\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f3\fs12\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .req\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 records\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (client)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
request\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 content\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
that\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-236\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 gave\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 rise\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 with\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XID\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
=\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lat-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl
-208\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ter\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 informatio
n\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 useful\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 autonomously\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 allow\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 database\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 server\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 trigger\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fail-over\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 actions\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (e.g.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 via\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 stub)\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 through\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 request\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 push\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 mechanism\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 towards\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 middle-tier,\par\pard\plain\l
i0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 simulate\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 client\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 retransmission\

f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (see\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [6]),\f4\fs18

\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 whose\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 aim\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 promptly\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 yield\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 commit/abort\par\pard\
plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 so\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 improve\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 availability\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (by\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 timely\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 releasing\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 any\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lock\par\pard\pla
in\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 held\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 precommitted\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction).\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 accessi-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 ble\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 via\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 prop
er\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 prepare/commit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
APIs,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 quite\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sim-\par\pard\
plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ilar\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 standard\f2\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 xa\
f2\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 prepare\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 /\f2\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 xa\f2\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 decide\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 services\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pre-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scribed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XA\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 speci\u64257?cation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [7].\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Via\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 these\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 APIs,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-22
2\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 middle-tier\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 serve
r\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 coordinating\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 execution\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whichever\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 can\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (i)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 prepare\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
speci\u64257?c\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 instance,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 (ii)\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 retrieve\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 state\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 result)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 all\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tr
ansactions\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 currently\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 registered\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT,\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (iii)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 converge\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 a\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 univocally\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identi\u64257?ed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 manipulation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 path,\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 representative\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reconciliation,\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 minimum\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 XIN\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ST\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 value\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identifying\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 distributed\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 instance\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 success-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0

\ul0\strike0 fully\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 prepared\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0

\strike0 at\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 all\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
he\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 involved\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sites.
\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-449\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 3.\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\ul0\
strike0 Integrating\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 within\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-300\f
3\fs20\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 3.1.\f3\fs20\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Transaction\f3\fs
20\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Demarcation\par\pard\plain\li239\sl-268\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 automatically\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transparently\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 assigns\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\par\pard\plain\li
0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 unique\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sca
lar\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identi\u64257?er\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 TID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 when\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 starts.\par\pard\plain
\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Many\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 co
mponents\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Postgr
eSQL\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 use\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TIDs\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 different\par\pard\
plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ways,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 hence\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 changing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 way\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 they\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 generated\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as-\par\pard\plain\li0
\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sociated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wi
th\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i
n\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 support\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 demar-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
cation,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 would\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 not
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 represent\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 viable\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 option.\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 To\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 address\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 this\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 iss
ue,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associate\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 each\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 two\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identi-\par\pard\plain\li
0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?ers,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 namely,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ori
ginal\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 selected
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP-TID,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 instead\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 selected\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 overlying\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ap-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
plication\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pas
sed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 parameter\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 when\par\pard\plain\l
i0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 trans
action\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 started\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 up.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 To\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 achieve\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 ex-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tended\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 demarcation\f4\fs18\c

f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 API\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\

ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 user-level\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 SQL\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 com-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mand\f2\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 BEGIN\f2\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 <\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 XID,\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XIN\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ST
\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 >\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 We\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 note\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 al-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lowing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 MIP-TID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 be\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 de\u64257?ned\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 externally\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 database\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 kernel\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 an\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 intentional\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 design\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 choice\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 since\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
allows\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactional\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 management\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 logic\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (e.g.\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 application\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 serv
er\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 side)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 easily\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 correlate\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 different\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (distributed)\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 trans-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 action\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 instances\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 different\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 instances\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 same\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 client\
par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (re-transmitted)\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 request.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 A\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 similar\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 approach\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 stan-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 dard\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XA\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 technology\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 allowing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 coordinator\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 dis-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 tributed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associated,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 at\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 precommit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 time,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
ap-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 plication\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 selected\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identi\u64257?er\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 executing\par\p
ard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 different\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
sites.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 differ
ence\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 our\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 proposal\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 allow\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 global\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identi\u64257?cation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 anticipat
ed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transac-\par
\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\

strike0 start\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 time.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike

0 This\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 will\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 re\u64258?ected\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 way\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 re-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl
-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 engineered\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ver
sion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 manages\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 trans-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 actions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 during\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 their\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whole\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 execution.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Concerning\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 asso-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ciation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 between\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP-TID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 original\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TID,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 this\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols3\colno1\
colw5790\colsr10\colno2\colw2470\colsr10\colno3\colw3620\pard\plain\sl-200\par\p
ard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-2
00\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-393\par\pard\pl
ain\li1440\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1-4244-2398-9/08/$20.00\f1\fs16\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u169?2008\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 IEEE\par\pard\c
olumn\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl
-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\
plain\sl-393\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 405\par\par
d\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain
\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pa
rd\plain\sl-393\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DSN\f1\f
s16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2008:\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Romano\f1\fs16\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 &\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Quaglia
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft7786\shptop5191\shpright7846\shpbottom5199
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz153\shplid14070
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8989\shptop5191\shpright9048\shpbottom5199
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz157\shplid14070
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 59}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft7280\shptop10878\shpright7340\shpbottom10886
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz186\shplid14070
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn11900\pghsxn16840\sected\cols1\colno1\colw11900\pard
\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-325\par\pard\plain\li2387\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 International\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Conference\f1\fs16\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Dependable\f1\fs16\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 Systems\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 &\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 Networks:\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Anchorage,\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 Alaska,\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 June\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 24-27\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2008\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\
colno1\colw6150\colsr10\colno2\colw5740\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\
par\pard\plain\sl-318\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-240\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
been\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 implemented\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
via\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 memory\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hash-table,\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 indexed\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 via\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP-TID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 values,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
also\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 allows\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 retri
eving\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP-\par

\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TIDs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
TIDs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 all\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 active\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 As\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 will\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 discu
ssed,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 required\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 while\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 handling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 recon-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 ciliation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 among\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
ransactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 during\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 com-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase.\par\pard\plain\li1
002\sl-342\f3\fs20\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 3.2.\f3\fs20\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Concu
rrency\f3\fs20\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Control\par\pard\plain\li1241\sl-225\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 well\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 several\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 other\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 mainstream\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 com-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-2
22\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mercial\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DBMSs\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (such\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Oracle\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [4]),\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 implements\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 multi-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 vers
ion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 concurrency\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 co
ntrol\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scheme.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 achieved\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 creating\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
new\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whenever\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 write\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 opera-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl
-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 executed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 letting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
read\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 operations\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
access\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 most\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 recent\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 committed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 time\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 started.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 allows\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 existence\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 most\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 one\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 uncommitted\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 each\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 refer\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 active\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Instead,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 most

\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 recent\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ver-\par\p

ard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 generated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 committed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
ransaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 refe
rred\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\par\par
d\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\str
ike0 valid\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 To\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 determine\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tu
ple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 visibility\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detect\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 con\u64258?icts\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 concurrency\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 control\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scheme\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 maintains\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 metadata\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
associated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
each\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 couple\par\pard
\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 TIDs,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 namely\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
<\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 xmin,\f3\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 xmax\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 >\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whi
ch\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 represent\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identi\u64257?ers\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 respectively,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 created\par\pard\p
lain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 updated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
uple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pointer,\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 namely\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 ctid\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 links\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 successive\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 if\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 any.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Ac
-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cordingly,\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 when\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 transaction\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 creates\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a
n\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 active\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\p
ar\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t\f3\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 xmax\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 value\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 set\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 s
pecial\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 value\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 null\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 while\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 t\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 xmax\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 value\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 valid\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tu-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 ple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 set\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f3\fs18\cf0\

b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik

e0 \u8217?s\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a
nd\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 its\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t\f3\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ctid\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 linked\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 active\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 At\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 starting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 time,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 each\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
identi-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?es\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 its\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 database\f3\fs18
\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 snapshot\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 determined\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
its\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 own\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 well\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 b
y\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 its\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 set\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 concurrent\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 de\u64257?ned\pa
r\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 those\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 were\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 already\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 active\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
upon\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 activa-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (
whose\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TIDs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 stored\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in-memory\par\pard\pl
ain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactional\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 context\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 plus\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 any\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 possibly\par\pard\plai
n\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 activated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 after\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (i.e.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 having\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 greater\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 than\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8217?s\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T
ID).\par\pard\plain\li1241\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 concurrency\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 control\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mechanism\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 exploits\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 above\par\pard\plain\li
1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 described\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 structures\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 handle\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 read/wr
ite\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 operations\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\
par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 follows:\par\pard\pla
in\li1002\sl-335\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Read\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
-\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 upon\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 read\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 access\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 his-\par\pard\plain\l
i1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tory\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 o
f\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 committed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\

f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 versions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs1

8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 retrieve\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 most\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 recent
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 committed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 not\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 con-\par\pard\plain\li1002
\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 current\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wit
h\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 (i.e.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 having\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 maximum\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x
min\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 value\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 among\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 versions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 created\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 committed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 transactions\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 no
t\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 concurrent\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\
f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 ).\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 It\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 follows\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
he\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 selected\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\
par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 might\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 correspond\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 older\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 than\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 valid\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 one.\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 On\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 other\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 h
and,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 if\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 read\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 request\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 p
reviously\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 written\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
it\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 satis\u64257
?ed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 accessing\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 active\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 previously\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 created\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 by\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 itself.\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-335\f3\fs18\cf0\b
0\i\ul0\strike0 Write\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 upon\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 write\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a
ccess\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\
par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 following\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 checks\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 performed:\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 (1)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 If\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 valid\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ver-\
par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 was\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 created\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tran
saction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 concurrent\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
with\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\c

f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (i.e.\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 t\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 xmin\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 valid\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transact
ion\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 concurrent\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ),\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 abort\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f3\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 immediately\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 forced.\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Other
wise,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 there\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 two\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cases:\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.A)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 There\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 currently\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 no\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 active\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 case\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 requests\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ex-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 clusive\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lock\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 valid\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 If\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 exclusive\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 lock\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\par\pard\column\plain\sl200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-318\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-240\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 granted\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 without\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 any\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wait,\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 c
reates\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 active\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version,\par
\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 any\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 successive
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 access\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f3\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 .\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Otherwise,\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 upon\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 being\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 woken\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 up\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 from\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 wait\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase,\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\
f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 starts\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 again\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whole\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 versi
on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 checking.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.B)
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 An\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 active\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tup
le\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 exists.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 case\f3\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 queued\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 future\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 access\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 exclusive\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
write\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lock\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 assoc

iated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\

fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
whole\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 che
cking\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 repeated\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 when\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3\fs12\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 resumes.\par\pard\plain\li23
9\sl-394\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Regarding\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mechanism\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 man-\par\pard\pla
in\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 aging\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
exclusive\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locks,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
an\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 memory\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lock\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 table\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 to\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 store\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 information\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 waiting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions.\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Speci\u64257?cally,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the
\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lock\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 table\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 indexed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 via\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tr
ansaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TIDs,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an
d\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 each\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 entry\par\p
ard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 records\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TIDs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 w
aiting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 termination\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 indexing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 entry.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
A\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 consid-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 ered\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locked\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 setting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 its
\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 xmax\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 TID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
he\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lock-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 ing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 When\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 completes\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 (thus\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 releas-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 its\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locks),\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 wakes\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 up\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 any\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
currently\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wait-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 its\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 corresponding\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 lock\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 table\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 entry.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 th
is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 way,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 per-\par\p
ard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 rather\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 than\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 per-tuple,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locking\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 structures\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 are\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used,\f4\fs1

8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hence\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 improving\f4\fs18\

cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scalability\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 management\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locking\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mechanism.
\par\pard\plain\li239\sl-224\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Beyond\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 above\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 mechanisms\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 exclusive\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 write\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 locks,\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 also\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 supports\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shared\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locks,\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 be\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 re-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 quested\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for,\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e.g.,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ensuring\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 foreign\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 keys\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 integrity\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 constraints,\par\pard\pla
in\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 or\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 up
on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 explicit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 applic
ation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 request.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 case,\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transac-\par\pard\plain
\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wa
iting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 release\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shared\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 lock\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 may\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wait\par
\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 termination\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 set\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions.\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 association\par\pa
rd\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 between\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a
nd\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TIDs\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 holding\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain
\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shared\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
lock\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 relies\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 indirection\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mechanisms.\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Essen-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 tially\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 so\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 called\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MULTIXACT\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 stored\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 header\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 indexing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 information\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 access\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 external\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 table\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (maintained\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 disk\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?le\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cached\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\pa
r\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 RAM),\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul

0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 stores\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str

ike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 list\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TIDs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associated\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 trans-\par\pard
\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 actions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 holding\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
shared\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lock.\par\pard\plain\li239\sl-223\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 integration\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 model\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 led\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 us\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 alter\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 synchronization\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 scheme\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
order\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 regu-\pa
r\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 late\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 concurrent\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 accesses\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 any\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (also\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 write\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mode)\par\pard
\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
multiple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
transactions.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
has\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 been\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 done\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 mostly\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 exploiting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 facilities\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 already\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 available\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 database\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 kernel\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 allow\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 modi\u64257?ed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 synchro-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 nization\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scheme
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ef\u64257?cien
tly\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 non-intrus
ively\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 coexist\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 native\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 concurrency\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 control\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 mecha-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 nis
m,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 treatment\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 non-MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 transactions.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 From\par\pard\plain\l
i0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 methodo
logical\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 perspective,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 our\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 solution\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 based\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 two\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 new\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lock\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 types,
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 refer\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 as\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Sibling-eXlcusive\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 (SX)\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and
\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Sibling-Shared\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (SS
).\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 SX\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 SS\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locks\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 can\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 only\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri

ke0 be\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 re-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0

\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 quested\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 whereas\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 original\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Shared\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (S)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 eXclusive\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (X)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 locks\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 only\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 req
uested\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 non-\par
\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 transactions.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 below\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 table\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
shows\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 compat
ibility\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 SX,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 SS,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 S\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 X\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locks:\par\pard\plain\li876\sl-254\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 S\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
X\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0
SS\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
SX\par\pard\plain\li4
19\sl-184\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 S\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Yes\f
4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 No\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Yes\f4\
fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
No\par\pard\plain\li406\sl-176\f4\fs14
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 X\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
No\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0
No\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
No\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0
No\par\pard\plain\li375\sl-187\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 SS\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Yes\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 No\
f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Yes\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Yes\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 iff\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 same\f3\
fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XID\par\pard\plain\li362\sl-176\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul
\strike0 SX No No Yes iff same\f3\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul\strike0 XID\f4\fs14\cf
0\b0\i0\ul\strike0
Yes iff same\f3\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul\strike0 XID\par\pard\pl
ain\li239\sl-309\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Mutual\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 compatibility\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 between\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 SX\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locks\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
permits\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 multiple\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 share\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 before-image\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 given\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tu-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ple,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 thus\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 allowing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 spawning\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
multiple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 active\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
versions.\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols3\colno1\colw5790\colsr10\colno2\colw2470\
colsr10\colno3\colw3620\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\s
l-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard
\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-207\par\pard\plain\li1440\
sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1-4244-2398-9/08/$20.00\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 \u169?2008\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 IEEE\par\pard\column\plain
\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pa
rd\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-20
0\par\pard\plain\sl-207\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
406\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par
\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl
-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-207\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-212\f1\fs
16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DSN\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2008:\f1\fs16\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 Romano\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 &\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 Quaglia

{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2778\shptop6203\shpright2838\shpbottom6211
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz27\shplid14085
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft3486\shptop6203\shpright3546\shpbottom6211
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz29\shplid14085
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft5288\shptop6649\shpright5348\shpbottom6657
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz35\shplid14085
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}

{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457

7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2668\shptop7315\shpright2728\shpbottom7323
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz45\shplid14085
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2356\shptop7537\shpright2416\shpbottom7545
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz51\shplid14085
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}

{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft4074\shptop7759\shpright4134\shpbottom7767
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz59\shplid14085
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft5190\shptop10988\shpright5250\shpbottom10996
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz101\shplid14085
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft1086\shptop13324\shpright1146\shpbottom13332
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz129\shplid14085
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}

{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457

7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8387\shptop4695\shpright8446\shpbottom4703
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz175\shplid14085
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 59}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8653\shptop8031\shpright8712\shpbottom8039
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz193\shplid14085
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 59}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}

{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6862\shptop12632\shpright6862\shpbottom12808
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz219\shplid25353
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10661\shptop12632\shpright10661\shpbottom12808
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz222\shplid25353
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6420\shptop12812\shpright10660\shpbottom12812
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz223\shplid25353
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6862\shptop12816\shpright6862\shpbottom12992
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz225\shplid25353
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10661\shptop12816\shpright10661\shpbottom12992
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz228\shplid25353
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6862\shptop12992\shpright6862\shpbottom13168
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz230\shplid25353
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10661\shptop12992\shpright10661\shpbottom13168
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz233\shplid25353
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6862\shptop13168\shpright6862\shpbottom13344

\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz235\shplid25353
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10661\shptop13168\shpright10661\shpbottom13344
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz238\shplid25353
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6862\shptop13344\shpright6862\shpbottom13520
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz240\shplid25353
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10661\shptop13344\shpright10661\shpbottom13520
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz245\shplid25353
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn11900\pghsxn16840\sected\cols1\colno1\colw11900\pard
\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-325\par\pard\plain\li2387\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 International\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Conference\f1\fs16\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Dependable\f1\fs16\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 Systems\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 &\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 Networks:\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Anchorage,\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 Alaska,\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 June\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 24-27\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2008\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\
colno1\colw6150\colsr10\colno2\colw5740\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\
par\pard\plain\sl-318\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-240\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
On\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 other\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hand,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 compatibility\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 between\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 SS\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 SX\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 locks\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 avoi
ds\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mutual\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 blocking
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 situations\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 betwee
n\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transac\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tions,\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 might\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 otherwise\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 compromise\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 timeliness\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 of\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fail-over\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 would\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 require\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 explicit\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 preventive\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 extermination\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 previously\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 activated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 pending\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions.\par\pard\plain\li
1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Finally,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
standard\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 compatibility\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 rules\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 apply\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
vs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 S\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 X\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locks,\par\pard\plain\li
1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 thus\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sy
nchronizing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 vs
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 non-MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transacti
ons\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 according\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 native\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scheme\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 adopted\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
PostgreSQL.\par\pard\plain\li1241\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 support\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 SS\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 SX\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
locks,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 two\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257
?elds,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 called\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 S\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MULTIXACT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 ID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (each\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 o
f\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 4\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 bytes),\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 been\par\pard\plain
\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 introduced\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st

rike0 within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0

tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 header.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?eld\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 speci-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?es\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whether\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 valid\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 currently\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 l
ocked\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\par\par
d\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (via\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 either\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 SS\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 or
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 SX\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locks).\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 positive\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 case,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 also\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identi\u64257?es\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 family\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lock\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 compatibility,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 expressed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 th
e\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 above\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 table,\par
\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 holds.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 S\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
MULTIXACT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u6
4257?eld\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 differenti-\par\
pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 modes\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 depending\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 nu
mber\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 currently\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locking\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 In\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 case\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 only\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 one\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 those\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 trans-\par\pa
rd\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 actions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 active,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 it\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 stores\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XINST
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 forming\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP-TID.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 Otherwise,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 indexing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 inform
a-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tion\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 (in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 similar\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 way\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 previously\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 discussed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MULTI-\p
ar\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XACT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 ID)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 retrieve\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 from\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cached\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 paged\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?le\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 list\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\par\pard\plain\li
1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP-TIDs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0

(and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 corresponding\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 TIDs)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 siblin
g\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 currently\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locking\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple.\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TIDs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 been\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
placed\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 list\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 provide\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
immediate\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identi\u64257?cation\par\pard\plain\li
1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 parameters\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 lower\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 level\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 locking\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mecha-\par\pard\plain\li1002\
sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 nism\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which,\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 discussed\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 above,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 based\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wait-for-TID\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 policy.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Also,\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 given\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 original\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 header\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 maintains\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 single\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 link\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (i.e.\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t\f3\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ctid\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ide
nti\u64257?cation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 suc-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cessive\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (i.e.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 active\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 case\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 o
f\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 valid\par\pa
rd\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple),\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 multiple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 links\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 required\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 coexistence\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
retrieval\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 multiple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 active\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 versions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associated\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 different\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 been\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 also\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
stored\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 suc
h\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 list.\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 We\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 note\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 thi
s\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 external\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 structure\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 does\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 not\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 need\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 allo-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cated\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 case\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 normal\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\

strike0 behavior\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (i.e.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str

ike0 no\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 failure,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
or\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 suspect\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 failure\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 execution\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 th
e\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 original\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction).\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-345\f3\fs20\c
f0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 3.3.\f3\fs20\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Precommit\f3\fs20\cf0\b\i
0\ul0\strike0 and\f3\fs20\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Commit\f3\fs20\cf0\b\i0\ul0\str
ike0 Phases\par\pard\plain\li1241\sl-227\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 As\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pointed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 out\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Section\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 2,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
management\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 th
e\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pre-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 commit/commit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shows\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 clear\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 dif-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ferences\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 when\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 compared\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 conventional\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 approach.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 These\par\pard\plain\l
i1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ma
inly\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 due\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fact\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 precommit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 logs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 must\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 keep\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 track\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 (possible)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 precommit\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 state\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 family\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sib-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions.\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Also,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 commit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 log\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 must\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 keep\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 trac
k\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 one\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 among\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 p
repared\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tr
ansactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 been\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 eventually\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 committed,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 result\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 r
econciliation\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scheme.
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 required\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 development\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 an\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ad-hoc\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl
-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 subsystem\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with
in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 kern
el,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 based\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\par\pard\plain
\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
MIP-Table\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (MIPT)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 d
ata\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 structure\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (see

\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Section\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2)\f4\fs1

8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li
1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 base\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 address\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 previous\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 issues.\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 management\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 been\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 non-intrusively\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 integrated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 typical\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 kernel\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 activities\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 suppor
ting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 generation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an
d\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 synchronous\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 writ
e\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Write-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 Ahead-Logs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (WAL)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 [3].\par\pard\plain\li1241\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Below\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?rst\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 describe\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 organization\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\par\pard\plain\li1002\
sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 structu
re\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 then\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 provide\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 insights\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 re-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 late
d\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 management\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 activ
ities.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
As\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 preliminary\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ob-\par\p
ard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 servation,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 similarly\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 the\f2\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 BEGIN\f2\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 statement,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
we\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 extended\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 SQL\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 command\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 set\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 orde
r\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sup-\par\pard
\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-318\par\pard\plain\
li0\sl-240\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 port\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 bot
h\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 prepare\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 commit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 requests\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 transac-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
tions.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Speci\u64257?cally,\f2\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 PREPARE\f2\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 <\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XID,\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XIN\f3\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ST\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 >\par\pard\plain\li
0\sl-222\f2\fs18\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8217?request\f2\fs18\chars
calex89\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 string\u8217?\f2\fs18\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 \u8217?result\f2\fs18\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 string\u8217?
\f4\fs18\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f4\fs18\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 be\f4\fs18\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\par\pard\plain\
li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reque
st\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 database\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 precommit\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 transaction\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 associated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 speci\u64257?c\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 M

IP-TID,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 atomica

lly\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 register\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 result\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 request\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 strings\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
corre-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sponding\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 entry,\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 return\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
updated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\pa
r\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 coordinator.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 We\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 recall\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 again\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 explicit\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 design\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 choice,\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP-TIDs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 selected\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 overlying\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 ap-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 plication\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (i.e.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 via\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 the\f2\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 BEGIN\f2\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 statement\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 -\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 see\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Section\
par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 3.1),\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
way\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 support\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mechanisms\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 correlating\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 spe-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 ci\u64257?c\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 request\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 string\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 family\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associated\pa
r\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 same\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 X
ID.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 usage\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 family\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identi\u64257?er\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\
sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 prepare\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phas
e\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 re\u64258?ect
ed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?nal\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 association\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 between\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\p
lain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 request\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 string\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 th
e\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 precommit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 log\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transac-\par\pard\plai
n\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
family.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 As\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hinted,
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 even\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 support\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 database\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 side\par\pard\plain\li
0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 retransmission\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 activities\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (e.g.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 via\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 proper\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 stub)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf

0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\par\pard\plain\li0\

sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 further\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 spee
dup\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fail-over\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 increase\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 availability\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 via\par\p
ard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 prompt\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 release\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
precommit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locks.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Analogously,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
SQL\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 command\f2\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 COMMIT\f2\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 <\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XID,\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
XIN\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ST\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 >\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 was\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 intro-\par\pard\plain\
li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 duced\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 support\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?nal\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 commitment\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 trans-\par\pard\plain\li0
\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 action\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 repr
esenting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 recon
ciliated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 execution\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
path\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 family,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 simultaneously\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 request\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 abort\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 any\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 other\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 active\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 or\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 precommitted\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction.\par\pard\plain\sl-39
0\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-259\f3\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP-Tables.\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ensure\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scalability\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-210\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 management\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 logic,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 our\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 implementation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 MIPTs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 maintained\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?le\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 residing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 disk,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 refer\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\str
ike0 MIPT\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 small\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 number\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
pages\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 explic\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 itly\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 cached\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 main\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 memory\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
o\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reduce\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 I/O\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 activity.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 To\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ef\u64257?-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 ciently\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 determine\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 position\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4

\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\par\

pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 given\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 family\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transac
tions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\par\pard\
plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?le\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 use\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 indexing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 structure,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 refer\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\
f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 offset\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 also\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 maintained\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 paged\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 dis
k\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?le\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cache
d\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 RAM.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 For\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 performance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reasons,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 stru
ctured\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 offset\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 index\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 B-tree\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whose\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 keys\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 XIDs,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
whose\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 leaves\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 con
tain\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 offset\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 corre-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
sponding\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPTs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wi
thin\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?le.\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 We\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 used\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 B-tree\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 since\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 keys\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 correspond\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 application\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 de\u64257?ned\par\pard\
plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identi\u64257?ers\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 be\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 generated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 arbitrary
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 uncor-\par\pa
rd\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 related\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 (although\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 univocal)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 manner.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Therefore,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 indexing\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-22
2\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 structure\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 not\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 guaranteed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 be\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 accessed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 sequentially,\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wh
ich\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 would\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lead\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 poor\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 performance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (due\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reduced\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 lo-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cality)\f4

\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 case\f4\fs18\cf0\

b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 were\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 implemented\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 linear\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ind
exing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 structure.\par\pard\plain\li239\sl-244\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 MIPTs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 s
equentially\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 allocated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP
T\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?le,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 are\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 composed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 two\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 main
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 parts:\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (i)\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 header\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (i
i)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 results\f3\f
s18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 area\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 header\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 contains\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 follow-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 information:\par\pard\p
lain\sl-209\par\pard\plain\li149\sl-240\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1.\f3\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Sibs\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 X\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 M\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 IP\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
T\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 namely\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 maximum\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 number\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\par\pard\plain\li398\
sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tran
sactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 registered\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\pl
ain\li398\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 header\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 without\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 incurring\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 an\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 over\u64258?ow\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 (\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ).\par\pard
\plain\sl-242\par\pard\plain\li203\sl-192\f3\fs10\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f4\fs1
4\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Over\u64258?ows\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4\fs
14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tackled\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs14\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 allocating\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 new\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 chunk\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 for\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sam
e\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT,\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-176\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 also\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 includes\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
new\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 header\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (ident
ical\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs1
4\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 original\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 one,\f4\fs14\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 except\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\par\pard\plain\li
0\sl-176\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f4
\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 stores\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 no\f4\fs14\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 request\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 string)\f4\fs14\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 linked\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 the\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 original\f4\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 one.\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols3\colno1\colw5790\colsr10\colno2\colw2470
\colsr10\colno3\colw3620\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\
sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\par
d\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-207\par\pard\plain\li1440
\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1-4244-2398-9/08/$20.00\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 \u169?2008\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 IEEE\par\pard\column\plai

n\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\p
ard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-2
00\par\pard\plain\sl-207\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
407\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\pa
r\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\s
l-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-207\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-212\f1\f
s16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DSN\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2008:\f1\fs16\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 Romano\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 &\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 Quaglia
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft1890\shptop3633\shpright1950\shpbottom3641
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz11\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft3108\shptop3633\shpright3168\shpbottom3641
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz13\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2096\shptop4967\shpright2156\shpbottom4975
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz21\shplid14120

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft3314\shptop4967\shpright3374\shpbottom4975
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz23\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft1548\shptop6301\shpright1608\shpbottom6309
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz31\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2592\shptop7859\shpright2652\shpbottom7867
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz41\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft4000\shptop13992\shpright4060\shpbottom14000
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz72\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8637\shptop1855\shpright8696\shpbottom1863
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz79\shplid14120

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 59}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft7146\shptop2077\shpright7206\shpbottom2085
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz83\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft9011\shptop2077\shpright9070\shpbottom2085
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz85\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 59}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8559\shptop3633\shpright8618\shpbottom3641
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz96\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 59}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft7760\shptop5857\shpright7820\shpbottom5865
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz110\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6654\shptop8051\shpright6714\shpbottom8059
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz123\shplid14120

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10511\shptop8719\shpright10571\shpbottom8728
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz129\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 9}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6872\shptop9163\shpright6932\shpbottom9172
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz134\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 9}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6666\shptop9607\shpright6726\shpbottom9616
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz139\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 9}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8941\shptop10053\shpright9000\shpbottom10062
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz143\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 59}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 9}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10511\shptop11854\shpright10571\shpbottom11862
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz153\shplid14120

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft7304\shptop12300\shpright7364\shpbottom12308
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz158\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6968\shptop12972\shpright7028\shpbottom12980
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz164\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft7222\shptop12972\shpright7282\shpbottom12980
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz166\shplid14120
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6178\shptop13680\shpright8068\shpbottom13680
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz173\shplid25416
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn11900\pghsxn16840\sected\cols1\colno1\colw11900\pard
\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-325\par\pard\plain\li2387\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 International\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Conference\f1\fs16\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Dependable\f1\fs16\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 Systems\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 &\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 Networks:\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Anchorage,\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 Alaska,\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 June\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 24-27\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2008\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols4\
colno1\colw6270\colsr10\colno2\colw2310\colsr10\colno3\colw1690\colsr10\colno4\c
olw1600\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-318\par\pard\p
lain\li1151\sl-240\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike

0 An\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 array\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\

fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 size\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Sibs\f3\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 X\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 M\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 IP\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whose\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 entries\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 con-\par\pard\plain\li1400\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 tain\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fol
lowing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 information:\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
(i)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transact
ion\par\pard\plain\li1400\sl-222\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XIN\f3\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 ST\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 (ii)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tran
saction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 state,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (iii)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pointer\par\pard\plain\li1400\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in
itial\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 position\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 corresponding\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 result\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\par\
pard\plain\li1400\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\par\pard\plain\li1151\sl-361\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 3.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 actual\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 number\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
previous\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 array\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 en
tries\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\par\pard\plain\li1400\sl-222\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 already\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 been\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 register\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transa
ction,\par\pard\plain\li1400\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 number\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 free\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 bytes\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
he\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 results\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 area.\p
ar\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard
\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-253\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-168\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 Address\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Auth
or\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 CC\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 Xacts\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Count
ry\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Customer\par\pard\pla
in\li0\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Item\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-156\f4\fs
12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Order\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 Order\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Line\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-196\f4\fs
12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Weighted\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Average\f4\fs12
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (smallest\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data-set)\par\p
ard\plain\li0\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Weighted\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 Average\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (largest\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 data-set)\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\
plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-297\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-168\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 Average\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 size\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (bytes)\par\pard\plain\li566\sl-156\f
4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 154.1\par\pard\plain\li566\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 410.9\par\pard\plain\li566\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 126
.6\par\pard\plain\li601\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 63.2\par\pard\plain
\li566\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 491.3\par\pard\plain\li566\sl-156\f4
\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 593.9\par\pard\plain\li601\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 96.8\par\pard\plain\li566\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 115.8
\par\pard\plain\li564\sl-196\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 163.8\par\pard\plain\
li563\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 429.3\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\pa

r\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-297\par\pard\plain\l
i0\sl-168\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Overhead\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
%\par\pard\plain\li201\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 5.2%\par\pard\plain\
li201\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1.9%\par\pard\plain\li201\sl-156\f4\f
s12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 6.3%\par\pard\plain\li166\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 12.6%\par\pard\plain\li201\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1.6%\pa
r\pard\plain\li201\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1.3%\par\pard\plain\li20
1\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 8.3%\par\pard\plain\li201\sl-156\f4\fs12\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 6.9%\par\pard\plain\li199\sl-196\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 4.9%\par\pard\plain\li199\sl-156\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1.9%\par\sec
t\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw6150\colsr10\colno2\colw5740\pard\plain\li1151
\sl-349\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 4.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 A\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pointer\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 initial\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 position\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
data\par\pard\plain\li1400\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?le\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 memory\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 area\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 allocated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 due\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 occur
rence\par\pard\plain\li1400\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 over\u64258?ow,\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 if\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 any.\par\pard\plain\li1151
\sl-361\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 5.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 request\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 string\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 family\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\par\pard\plain\li1400\s
l-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions.\par\pard\plain\li1241\sl-342\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Concerning\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 allocation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 results\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 area,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 its\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 size\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\f
s18\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 set\f4\fs18\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 to\f3\fs18\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Sibs\f3\fs18\charscalex96\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 X\f3\fs18\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 M\f3\fs18\c
harscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 IP\f3\fs18\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
T\f3\fs18\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u215?\f2\fs18\charscalex96\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sizeof(result\f2\fs18\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 str
ing)\f4\fs18\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f
4\fs18\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\f2\fs18\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 result\f2\fs18\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 string\f4\fs18\ch
arscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f4\fs18\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 result\f4\fs18\charscalex96\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 passed\f4\fs18\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f4\fs1
8\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f4\fs18\charscalex96\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 pa-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\charscalex98\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 rameter\f4\fs18\charscalex98\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\charscalex98\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f2\fs18\charscalex98\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PREPARE\f
2\fs18\charscalex98\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\charscalex98\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 command\f4\fs18\charscalex98\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\char
scalex98\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 triggered\f4\fs18\charscalex98\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 the\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 allocation.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 simple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 heuristic\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 based\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 idea\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\

cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 results\f4\fs18\cf0\b0

\i0\ul0\strike0 produced\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 are\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 likely\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl
-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 exhibit\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 similar\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 size.\par\par
d\plain\sl-257\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-259\f3\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Precomm
it\f3\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f3\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Commit\f3\fs1
8\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Log\f3\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Management.\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 To\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 enable\par\pard\plain\li1
002\sl-210\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPTs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 re
coverability\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
o\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 guarantee\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 atomicity\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\par\par
d\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 precommit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
update\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 correspond-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rely\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 conventional\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Write-Ahead-Logging\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (WAL)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 strategy\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [3].\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 More\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detail,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 this\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
accomplished\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 writing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 log\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 entries\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 describing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 updates\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 right\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 after\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 typical\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 log\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 entries\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 (related,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e.g.,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 locks\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 main-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tained\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction)\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 produced\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 original\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 precom-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mit\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 logic\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 implemented\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL,\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 just\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 before\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 emitting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
PRECOMMIT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 log\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mar
ker,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whose\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 presenc
e\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 log-\u64257?le\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 denotes\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 has\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 been\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
precom-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mitted.\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 On\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 other\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hand,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 updates\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 offset\

f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 \u64257?les\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 performed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 only\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
after\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 having\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 succ
ess-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fully\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64258?ushed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 logs\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 disk.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 This\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 avoids\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 the\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 need\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 undoing\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 any\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 update\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 performed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 off
set\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 \u64257?le\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 case\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fail
ure\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 log\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64258?ushing.\par\pard\plain\li1241\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Finally,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 during\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 both\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 precommit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 commit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 phases,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 database\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 may\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 required\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 selectively\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 abort\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 active\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 and/or\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 prep
ared\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 trans
actions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (this\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 supp
orts\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reconciliation).\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-22
2\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 our\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 implementation,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 abort\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 active\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 transac-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
ions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 made\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 possible\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 just\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 retrieving\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 corresponding\par\pard\plai
n\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TIDs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
within\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 memory\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hash\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 table\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 keeping\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 track\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identit
y\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 each\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 active\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (see\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 Section\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 3.1).\par\pard\plain\li100
2\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Conversely,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 enforce\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 abort\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 precommitted\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 corresponding\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 MIPT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 qu

eried\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 retrieve\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 XIN\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ST\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transact
ion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 aborted,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 so\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 to\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 r
econstruct\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 int
ernal\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 identi\u64257?er\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 previously\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 with\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 when\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 requesting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 its\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 precommitment,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\par\
pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 used\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 r
equest\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 abort\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 through\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PosgtreSQL\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 standard\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (internal)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 APIs.\par\pard\plai
n\li1002\sl-404\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 4.\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Ex
perimental\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Evaluation\par\pard\plain\li1241\sl-236
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Performance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 models
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [5],\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 already\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 highlighted\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 how\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 av
oidance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 explici
t\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 consensus\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 across
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 middle-tier\par\pard\plain\li239\sl-439\column\f
5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Table\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 1.\f5\fs18\cf0\b
\i0\ul0\strike0 Overhead\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 due\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0
\strike0 to\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 ext
ension\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pa
rd\plain\li239\sl-222\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\st
rike0 header\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 th
e\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 TPC-W\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 benchmark.\p
ar\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\
sl-233\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-240\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 servers\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 increase\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 system\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scalability\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reduce\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 end-to-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 end\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 latency\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 multi-tier\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 systems.\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Given\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 model\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 building\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 block\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 avoidance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 explicit\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 c
onsen-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sus,\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 additionally\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 avoiding\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 extermination\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 schemes\par\pard\plain
\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 while\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 h
andling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fail-over,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 performance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a
nalysis\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [5]\par

\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 representative\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 its\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 performance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 bene\u64257?ts,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 compared\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 to\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tradition
al\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 man
agement\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 schemes\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 im
posing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 co-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ordination\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 level\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 middl
e-tier\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 extermi
nation\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 based\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fail-over.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Hence,\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 experimental\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 study\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 this\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sec-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 rather\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 aimed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 at\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 quantifying\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 both\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 memory\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 com-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 putational\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 overheads\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 MIP-enhanced\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Post-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 greSQL.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 assess\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 such\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 an\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 overhead\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 realistic\
par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scenario,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 our\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 analysis\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 based\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 on\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 well-kno
wn\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TPC-W\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 [8]\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 benchmark,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 representative\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 an\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on-line\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 book\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 store.\par\pard\plain\li239\sl-242\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 main\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 potential\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 source\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 memory\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 overhead\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP-enhanced\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 related\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ex-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tension\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 header\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 two\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 additio
nal\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?elds\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 XID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 S\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MULTIXACT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 ID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (both\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 o
f\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 size\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 4\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 bytes),\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\par\pard\plai
n\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 give\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 r

ise\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\f4\fs18\

cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 increase\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 size\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tup
les\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 stored\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\par
\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 manipulated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 DBMS.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 To\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 quan
tify\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 actual\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 impact\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
modi\u64257?cation,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 report\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T
able\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 average\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 per-\par\pard\pla
in\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 centage\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 spatial\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 over
head\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 each\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 database\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tables\par\pard\plain\li
0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 speci\u64257?ed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TPC-W.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 last\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 two\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rows\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Table\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 1,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 also\pa
r\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 report\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 average\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 storage\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 overhead,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 weighted\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 according\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 to\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 number\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 tuples\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 each\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 table,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 w
hen\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 considering\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 bo
th\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 smallest\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 largest\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 data-sets\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 speci\u64257?ed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TPC-W,\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 corresponding\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 250k\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 17M\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuples,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 respectively.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 We\par\pard\plain\li0\s
l-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 note\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 overhead\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 introduced\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 growth\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
tu-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ples\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 header\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 actually\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 very\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 limited.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Speci\u64257?cally,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 aver-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-2
22\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 age\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 percentage\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 overhead\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 over\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whole\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 database\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 around\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 5%\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\

b0\i0\ul0\strike0 smallest\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data-set,\f4\fs18\cf0

\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 below\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2%\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 largest\pa
r\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data-set.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 This\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 because,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
he\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 former\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 case,\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Order\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Line\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Address\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tabl
es,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 average\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 overhead\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 about\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 5%,
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 account\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 54%\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whole\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 database.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Conversely,\par\pard\plain\li0\s
l-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 largest\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data-set,\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Item\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 table\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuples,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 whose\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 aver-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 age\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 overhead\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 around\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 1%,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 take\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 up\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 about\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 95%\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 data-set\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 size.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
The\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 maximum\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 overh
ead\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 introduced\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\p
lain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Country\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 table,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whose\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
average\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 size
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 only\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 63\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 bytes.\par\pard\plain\li
0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 However,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e
ven\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (most\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 unfavorable)\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 case\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 overhead\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 remains\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 around\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1
0%.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Overall,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 conclude\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 prac-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tica
l\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scenarios\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 additional\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 memory\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 consumption\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 due\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 increase\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 header\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 size\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 expected\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 very\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols3\colno1\colw5790\colsr10\colno2\colw2470\co
lsr10\colno3\colw3620\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-

200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\p
lain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-207\par\pard\plain\li1440\sl
-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1-4244-2398-9/08/$20.00\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 \u169?2008\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 IEEE\par\pard\column\plain\s
l-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard
\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\
par\pard\plain\sl-207\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 40
8\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\p
ard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-2
00\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-207\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-212\f1\fs16
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DSN\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2008:\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 Romano\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 &\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 Quaglia
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft3166\shptop1633\shpright3226\shpbottom1641
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz3\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft3420\shptop1633\shpright3480\shpbottom1641
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz5\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}

}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft5120\shptop3329\shpright5180\shpbottom3337
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz16\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft5336\shptop3691\shpright5396\shpbottom3699
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz19\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft4460\shptop5061\shpright4520\shpbottom5069
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz26\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}

{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}

{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft1950\shptop5283\shpright2010\shpbottom5291
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz30\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2204\shptop5283\shpright2264\shpbottom5291
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz32\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}

}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft4780\shptop5283\shpright4840\shpbottom5291
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz36\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2286\shptop5507\shpright2346\shpbottom5515
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz41\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft3030\shptop5729\shpright3090\shpbottom5737
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz46\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}

{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}

{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft4874\shptop9347\shpright4934\shpbottom9356
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz67\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 9}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft1490\shptop9569\shpright1550\shpbottom9578
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz70\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 9}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}

}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft5218\shptop10013\shpright5278\shpbottom10022
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz74\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 9}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft1828\shptop10237\shpright1888\shpbottom10246
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz77\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 9}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8497\shptop1661\shpright8497\shpbottom1809
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz98\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10183\shptop1661\shpright10183\shpbottom1809
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz100\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft11115\shptop1661\shpright11115\shpbottom1809
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz102\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6178\shptop1813\shpright11114\shpbottom1813
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz103\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8497\shptop1817\shpright8497\shpbottom1965
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz105\shplid25443

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10183\shptop1817\shpright10183\shpbottom1965
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz107\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft11115\shptop1817\shpright11115\shpbottom1965
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz109\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6178\shptop1969\shpright11114\shpbottom1969
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz110\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8497\shptop1973\shpright8497\shpbottom2121
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz112\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10183\shptop1973\shpright10183\shpbottom2121
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz114\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft11115\shptop1973\shpright11115\shpbottom2121
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz116\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6178\shptop2125\shpright11114\shpbottom2125
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz117\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6492\shptop2225\shpright6534\shpbottom2233
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz119\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 42}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(42,8);(42,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8497\shptop2129\shpright8497\shpbottom2277
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz121\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10183\shptop2129\shpright10183\shpbottom2277
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz123\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft11115\shptop2129\shpright11115\shpbottom2277
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz125\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6178\shptop2281\shpright11114\shpbottom2281
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz126\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8497\shptop2285\shpright8497\shpbottom2433
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz128\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}

}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10183\shptop2285\shpright10183\shpbottom2433
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz130\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft11115\shptop2285\shpright11115\shpbottom2433
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz132\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6178\shptop2437\shpright11114\shpbottom2437
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz133\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8497\shptop2441\shpright8497\shpbottom2589
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz135\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10183\shptop2441\shpright10183\shpbottom2589
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz137\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft11115\shptop2441\shpright11115\shpbottom2589
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz139\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6178\shptop2593\shpright11114\shpbottom2593
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz140\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}

}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8497\shptop2597\shpright8497\shpbottom2745
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz142\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10183\shptop2597\shpright10183\shpbottom2745
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz144\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft11115\shptop2597\shpright11115\shpbottom2745
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz146\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6178\shptop2749\shpright11114\shpbottom2749
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz147\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8497\shptop2753\shpright8497\shpbottom2901
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz149\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10183\shptop2753\shpright10183\shpbottom2901
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz151\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft11115\shptop2753\shpright11115\shpbottom2901
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz153\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}

{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6178\shptop2905\shpright11114\shpbottom2905
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz154\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6630\shptop3005\shpright6672\shpbottom3013
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz156\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 42}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(42,8);(42,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8497\shptop2911\shpright8497\shpbottom3059
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz158\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10183\shptop2911\shpright10183\shpbottom3059
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage

\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz160\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft11115\shptop2911\shpright11115\shpbottom3059
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz162\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6178\shptop3063\shpright11114\shpbottom3063
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz163\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6178\shptop3101\shpright11114\shpbottom3101
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz164\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8497\shptop3107\shpright8497\shpbottom3255
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz166\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10183\shptop3107\shpright10183\shpbottom3255
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz168\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft11115\shptop3107\shpright11115\shpbottom3255
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz170\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6178\shptop3259\shpright11114\shpbottom3259
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz171\shplid25443

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8497\shptop3263\shpright8497\shpbottom3411
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz173\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10183\shptop3263\shpright10183\shpbottom3411
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz175\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft11115\shptop3263\shpright11115\shpbottom3411
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz177\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6178\shptop3415\shpright11114\shpbottom3415
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz178\shplid25443
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft7054\shptop8877\shpright7114\shpbottom8886
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz199\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 9}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft8273\shptop8877\shpright8332\shpbottom8886
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz201\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 59}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 9}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft10479\shptop11990\shpright10539\shpbottom11998
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz217\shplid14135
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn11900\pghsxn16840\sected\cols1\colno1\colw11900\pard
\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-325\par\pard\plain\li2387\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 International\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Conference\f1\fs16\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Dependable\f1\fs16\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 Systems\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 &\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 Networks:\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Anchorage,\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 Alaska,\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 June\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 24-27\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2008\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\
colno1\colw6810\colsr10\colno2\colw5080\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\
par\pard\plain\sl-355\par\pard\plain\li1651\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
10\par\pard\plain\sl-372\par\pard\plain\li1700\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 8\par\pard\plain\sl-371\par\pard\plain\li1700\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 6\par\pard\plain\sl-372\par\pard\plain\li1700\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 4\par\pard\plain\sl-371\par\pard\plain\li1700\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 2\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl355\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 10\par\pard\plain\sl372\par\pard\plain\li49\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 8\par\pard\plain\sl371\par\pard\plain\li49\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 6\par\pard\plain\sl372\par\pard\plain\li49\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 4\par\pard\plain\sl371\par\pard\plain\li49\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\par\sect\sected\sb
knone\cols22\colno1\colw2050\colsr10\colno2\colw350\colsr10\colno3\colw330\colsr
10\colno4\colw330\colsr10\colno5\colw330\colsr10\colno6\colw350\colsr10\colno7\c
olw330\colsr10\colno8\colw330\colsr10\colno9\colw350\colsr10\colno10\colw310\col
sr10\colno11\colw1690\colsr10\colno12\colw370\colsr10\colno13\colw330\colsr10\co
lno14\colw350\colsr10\colno15\colw330\colsr10\colno16\colw330\colsr10\colno17\co
lw330\colsr10\colno18\colw350\colsr10\colno19\colw330\colsr10\colno20\colw330\co
lsr10\colno21\colw310\colsr10\colno22\colw1580\pard\plain\sl-372\par\pard\plain\

li1700\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 0\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pa
rd\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 10\par\pa
rd\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 20\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pa
rd\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 30\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200
\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 40
\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5
\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 50\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260
\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 60\par\pard\column\plain
\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 70\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl
-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 80\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain
\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 90\par\pard\colum
n\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 100\par\pard\column\plain\sl-372\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 0\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\par
d\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 10\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\
par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 20\
par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\
fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 30\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260\
par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 40\par\pard\column\plain\
sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 50\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 60\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\
sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 70\par\pard\column
\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 80\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\
li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 90\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard
\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 100\par\sec
t\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw6150\colsr10\colno2\colw5740\pard\plain\li3088
\sl-132\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Requests\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 per\
f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Second\par\pard\plain\sl-216\par\pard\plain\li1241
\sl-256\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 1.\f5\
fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Execution\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 time\f5\fs18\
cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 non-MIP\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\
ul0\strike0 transac-\par\pard\plain\li1241\sl-222\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0
tions\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\
f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f5\fs18\cf0\b
\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP-transactions\par\pard\plain\li1241\sl-222\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\
ul0\strike0 on\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 M
IP-enhanced\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 version.\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\par
d\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-208\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-240\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 low,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 or\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 even\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 negligible.\par\pard\plain\li1241\sl-2
49\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 evaluate\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 latency\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 overhead\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 due\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 em-\
par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ployment\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 facilities,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 deve
loped\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 proto-\par
\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 type\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 implementation\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 TPC-W\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 benchmark\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 logic,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 based\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 JDBC.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\

ul0\strike0 this\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 study,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st

rike0 read-only\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 (which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 do\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-22
2\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 not\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pose\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 any\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reliability\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 issue,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 hence\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 would\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 not\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 leverage\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 facilities)\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 been\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?ltered\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 out\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 from\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 benchmark\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 workload.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Therefore,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 only\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 non-idempotent\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pro-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?les\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hav
e\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 been\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 considered.
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Such\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 choice\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 allows\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 us\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 eval-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 uate\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 scenario\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 subsystems\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 are\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ev-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 ery\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 activated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 so\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 spotlight\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 their\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 overhead.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
We\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 plot\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 1\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 r
esults\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 comparative\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 performance\
par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 test\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 contrast\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 response\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 times
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 un-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 modi\u64257?ed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 8.1.3\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 corresp
onding\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 enhanced\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version,\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 while\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 processing\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 two\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 different\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 TPC-W\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pro\u64257?les,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 namely\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Buy\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 Con\u64257?rm\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (BC)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 and\f3\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Admin\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f3\fs18
\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Con\u64257?rm\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (AC).\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 These\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 representative\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 lightweight\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\par\pard\plain\li
1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 heavyweight\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 transactional\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 logics,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\

strike0 respectively.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Also,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul

0\strike0 these\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 perf
ormance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 been\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 obtained\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 largest\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data-\par\pard\plain\li1
002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 set\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pres
cribed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 benchmark.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 performance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 results\par\p
ard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 were\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 obtained\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 hosting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 da
tabase\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 server\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 4\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 CPUs\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-2
22\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Xeon\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2GHz\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 machine\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 equipped\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 4GB\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
RAM,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 SCSI\par\
pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 disks\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 (10000\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 RPM)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 RAID-0\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 co
n\u64257?guration,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 running\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Linux\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 operating\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 system\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (kernel\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.6.8).\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 By\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li1002\
sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 plots\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 get\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 performance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 MIP-enhanced\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ver-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sion\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 nearly\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 undistinguishable\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 from\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 original\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
PostgreSQL\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
(the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 difference\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i
s\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 about\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2%\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 over\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\l
i1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whole\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
curve),\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 thus\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 provi
ding\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 indications\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 o
n\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 actual\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ef\u64257?-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 ciency\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 previously\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 described\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
subsystems.\par\pard\plain\li1241\sl-249\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 To\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 further\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 analyze\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 performance\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 subsys-\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tems,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 evaluated\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0

\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 execution\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 time\f4\fs18\cf0\b0

\i0\ul0\strike0 also\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 case\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 structures\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 external\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tuple\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 header\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (i.e.\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 table\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 pointed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 S\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MULTIXACT\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 ID\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 see\par\p
ard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Section\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 3.2)\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 really\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 allocated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 database
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 kernel.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\par\
pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 does\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 not\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 occur\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 if\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 single\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 given\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fam-\par\pard\plain\li1002
\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ily\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 executed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (as\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 previously\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 described\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 test).\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 To\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 reach\par\pard\plain\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 such\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 con\u64257?guration,
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 execute\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 original\f4\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\par\pard\plain
\li1002\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 leaving\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 it\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pending\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 precommit\f4\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 state.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Next,\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 acti-\par\pard\plain\li2
086\sl-132\column\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Requests\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 per\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Second\par\pard\plain\sl-216\par\pard\pl
ain\li239\sl-256\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike
0 2.\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 Execution\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 time
\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 fail-over\f5\fs
18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 transac-\par\pard\plain\li239\sl-222\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\u
l0\strike0 tions\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 -\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 2
\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 xacts\f5\fs
18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 curve\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 (original\f5\fs18\c
f0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 transac-\par\pard\plain\li239\sl-222\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\s
trike0 tions\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 the\
f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 precommit\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 state)\f5\
fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 -\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 vs\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\u
l0\strike0 the\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 single\par\pard\plain\li239\sl-222
\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\
f5\fs18\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 case.\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-369\
par\pard\plain\li0\sl-240\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 vate\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fail-over\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 also\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 c
ommitting\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it,\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0

\strike0 evaluate\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 its\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri

ke0 execution\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 latency.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 In\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 such\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 case,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\p
lain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 volume\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 requests\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 consider\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 along\f4
\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x-axis\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 expresses\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 half\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 th
e\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 real\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 workload\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 database\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (since\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 each\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 request\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i
s\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 actually\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 served\
f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 via\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 two\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transactions).\par\p
ard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Interestingly,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 from\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 plots\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 F
igure\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 get\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sys-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222
\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tem\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 throughput\f4\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 gets\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 actually\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reduced\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 only\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 33%\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 BC\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pro\u64257?le,\f4\fs18\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 25%\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 AC\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 trans-\par
\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 action\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 pro\u64257?le.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 is\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 because\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 acc
ess\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 patterns\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\pa
r\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 show\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 strong\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 similarities,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 hence\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 most\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 of\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 accesses\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 performed\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fail-over\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 transactions\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 re-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sult\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 database\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 buffer\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hits.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 also\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 explains\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 relatively\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-2
22\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 smaller\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 throughp
ut\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reduction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f
4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 AC\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pro\u64257?le,\par
\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 requires\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 accessing\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 a\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 larger\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0

number\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\f

4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 items\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\par\pard\p
lain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 read\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
mode\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 respec
t\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 BC\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs18\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pro\u64257?le.\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In-\par\pard\pl
ain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 dependently\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 these\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 c
onsiderations,\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
performance\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 data\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f4\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 provide\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 an\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 experimental\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 evidence\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ef\u64257?-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ciency\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 the\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 MIP\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 subsystems\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
have\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 integrated\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
within\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f4\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PostgreSQL.\par\p
ard\plain\li0\sl-411\f3\fs22\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 References\par\pard\plain\li0\
sl-152\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [1]\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 P.\f4\fs
12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 A.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Bernstein\f4\fs12\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 E.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 Newcomer.\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Principles\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul
0\strike0 of\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Transaction\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\str
ike0 Processing:\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 for\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
the\par\pard\plain\li262\sl-148\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Systems\f3\fs12\c
f0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Professional\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\f4\fs12\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 Morgan\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Kaufmann\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 Publishers\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Inc.,\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 1997.\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-170\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [2]\
f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 S.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Fr\u248?lund\f4
\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 R.\f4\fs12\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 Guerraoui.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e-Transactions:\f4\f
s12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 End-to-end\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reliability
\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 three-\par\pa
rd\plain\li262\sl-148\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tier\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 architectures.\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 IEEE\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 Transaction\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 on\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 Software\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Engineering\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 ,\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 28(4):378\u8211?395,\par\pard\plain\li262\s
l-148\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2002.\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-170\f4\fs12\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [3]\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 C.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 Mohan,\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 D.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 J
.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Haderle,\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 B.\f4\f
s12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 G.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Lindsay,\f4\fs12\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 H.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Pirahesh,\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 P.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 M.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Schwarz.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 A
ries:\par\pard\plain\li262\sl-148\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 A\f4\fs12\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 transaction\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 recovery\f4\fs12\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 method\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 supporting\f4\fs12\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?ne-granularity\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lockin
g\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 partial\par\
pard\plain\li262\sl-148\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rollbacks\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 using\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 write-ahead\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 logging.\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 ACM\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 Transactions\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 on\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strik

e0 Database\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Systems\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
,\par\pard\plain\li262\sl-148\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 17(1):94\u8211?162,
\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1992.\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-170\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 [4]\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Oracle\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 Corporation.\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Oracle\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\st
rike0 9i\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 replication\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 .\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2001.\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-170\f4\fs12\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 [5]\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 F.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 Quaglia\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
P.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Romano.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Ensurin
g\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e-Transaction\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wi
th\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 asynchronous\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an
d\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 un-\par\pard\plain\li262\sl-148\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 coordinated\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 application\f4\fs12\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 server\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 replicas.\f3\fs12\cf0
\b0\i\ul0\strike0 IEEE\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Transactions\f3\fs12\cf0\b
0\i\ul0\strike0 on\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Parallel\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\
strike0 and\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Dis-\par\pard\plain\li262\sl-148\f3\f
s12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 tributed\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Systems\f4\fs12\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 18(3):364\u8211?378,\f4\f
s12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2007.\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-170\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 [6]\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 P.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Ro
mano\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 F.\f4\fs1
2\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Quaglia.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Providing\f4\fs
12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e-Transaction\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 guarantee
s\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 asynchronous\
par\pard\plain\li262\sl-148\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 systems\f4\fs12\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 inaccurate\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 failure\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detection.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 In\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Proc.\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\stri
ke0 of\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 the\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 5th\f3\f
s12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Symposium\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 on\par\pard\pl
ain\li262\sl-148\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Network\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strik
e0 Computing\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 and\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Ap
plications\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 (NCA)\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f
4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pages\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 155\f4\fs12\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8211?\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 162.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 IEEE\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Computer\par\pard\plain\li2
62\sl-148\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Society\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 P
ress,\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2006.\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-170\f4\fs12\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [7]\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 Open\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Group.\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
Distributed\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 TP:\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Th
e\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 XA+\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Speci\u64257?c
ation\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Version\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 2\f4\f
s12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1994.\par\pard\plain\
li0\sl-200\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [8]\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Tran
saction\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Processing\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Performance\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Council.\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 TPC\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Benchmark\f3\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T\f3
\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 M\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 W,\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\
ul0\strike0 Standard\par\pard\plain\li262\sl-148\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 S
peci\u64257?cation,\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Version\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 1.8\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Trans
action\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Processing\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Perfomance\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Council,\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
2002.\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-170\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [9]\f4\fs12\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 A.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Vakali\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 and\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 G.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Pallis.\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Content\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 de

livery\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 networks:\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 S
tatus\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 trends.\
f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 IEEE\par\pard\plain\li262\sl-148\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\
ul0\strike0 Internet\f3\fs12\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Computing\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 ,\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 07(6):68\u8211?74,\f4\fs12\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 2003.\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols3\colno1\colw5790\colsr10\colno2
\colw2470\colsr10\colno3\colw3620\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pa
rd\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-20
0\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-207\par\pard\pla
in\li1440\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1-4244-2398-9/08/$20.00\f1\fs16\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u169?2008\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 IEEE\par\pard\co
lumn\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\p
lain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-207\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 409\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\
sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\par
d\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-207\par\pard\plain\li0\sl
-212\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DSN\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2008:\f1\f
s16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Romano\f1\fs16\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 &\f1\fs16\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 Quaglia
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft3796\shptop13102\shpright3856\shpbottom13110
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz139\shplid14150
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft5014\shptop13102\shpright5074\shpbottom13110
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz141\shplid14150
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 60}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 8}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,8);(60,8);(60,0);(0,0);(0,8)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft1802\shptop1547\shpright5284\shpbottom4015
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz3\shplid22640
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lTxid}{\sv 19210}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dxTextLeft}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dyTextTop}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dxTextRight}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dyTextBottom}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
{\shptxt\pard\li5\sl240\slmult1\sb34\f3\fs21\b0\expnd0\expndtw1\charscalex100
\trowd\irow0\trgaph0\trrh-482\trql\trleft0
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx311
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx657
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1003
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1349
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1695
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx3423
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\row
\trowd\irow1\trgaph0\trrh-481\trql\trleft0
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx311
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx657
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1003
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1349
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1695
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx3423
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell

\row
\trowd\irow2\trgaph0\trrh-482\trql\trleft0
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx311
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx657
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1003
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1349
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1695
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx3423
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\row
\trowd\irow3\trgaph0\trrh-481\trql\trleft0
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx311
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx657
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1003
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1349
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1695
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx3423
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\row
\trowd\irow4\trgaph0\trrh-337\trql\trleft0
\clvmgf\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x311
\clvmgf\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x657
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1003
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1349
\clvmgf\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x1695
\clvmgf\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x3423
\cell
\cell

\cell
\cell
\cell
\pard\plain\intbl\li636\sl-193\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 BC\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 (PostgreSQL)\par\pard\plain\intbl\li450\sl-88\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 BC\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (MIP-PostgreSQL)\par\pard\plain\intbl\l
i636\sl-88\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 AC\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (Postgr
eSQL)\par\pard\plain\intbl\li450\sl-88\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 AC\f5\fs8\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (MIP-PostgreSQL)\cell
\row
\trowd\irow5\trgaph0\trrh-144\trql\trleft0
\clvmrg\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x311
\clvmrg\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x657
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1003
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1349
\clvmrg\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x1695
\clvmrg\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x3423
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\pard\plain\intbl\li636\sl-193\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 BC\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 (PostgreSQL)\par\pard\plain\intbl\li450\sl-88\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 BC\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (MIP-PostgreSQL)\par\pard\plain\intbl\l
i636\sl-88\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 AC\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (Postgr
eSQL)\par\pard\plain\intbl\li450\sl-88\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 AC\f5\fs8\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (MIP-PostgreSQL)\cell
\row
}{\par}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6978\shptop1547\shpright10459\shpbottom4015
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz3\shplid22640
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn lTxid}{\sv 19210}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dxTextLeft}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dyTextTop}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dxTextRight}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dyTextBottom}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
{\shptxt\pard\li5\sl240\slmult1\sb34\f3\fs21\b0\expnd0\expndtw1\charscalex100
\trowd\irow0\trgaph0\trrh-482\trql\trleft0
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx311
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx657

\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1003
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1349
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx3422
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\row
\trowd\irow1\trgaph0\trrh-481\trql\trleft0
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx311
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx657
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1003
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1349
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx3422
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\row
\trowd\irow2\trgaph0\trrh-482\trql\trleft0
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx311
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx657
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1003
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1349
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx3422
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\row
\trowd\irow3\trgaph0\trrh-481\trql\trleft0
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx311
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx657
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1003
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1349
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx3422
\cell
\cell
\cell

\cell
\cell
\row
\trowd\irow4\trgaph0\trrh-285\trql\trleft0
\clvmgf\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x311
\clvmgf\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x657
\clvmgf\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x1003
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1349
\clvmgf\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x3422
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\pard\plain\intbl\li731\sl-193\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 BC\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 (1\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 xact\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 req)\par\
pard\plain\intbl\li687\sl-88\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 BC\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 (2\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
xacts\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 req)\par\p
ard\plain\intbl\li731\sl-88\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 AC\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 (1\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
xact\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 req)\par\par
d\plain\intbl\li687\sl-88\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 AC\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 (2\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x
acts\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 req)\cell
\row
\trowd\irow5\trgaph0\trrh-196\trql\trleft0
\clvmrg\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x311
\clvmrg\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x657
\clvmrg\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x1003
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrr\b
rdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cellx1349
\clvmrg\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\cl
brdrr\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw12\brdrcf0\clcbpat1\cltxlrtb\cell
x3422
\cell
\cell
\cell
\cell
\pard\plain\intbl\li731\sl-193\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 BC\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 (1\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 xact\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 req)\par\
pard\plain\intbl\li687\sl-88\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 BC\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 (2\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
xacts\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 req)\par\p

ard\plain\intbl\li731\sl-88\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 AC\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 (1\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
xact\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 req)\par\par
d\plain\intbl\li687\sl-88\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 AC\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 (2\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sibling\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x
acts\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 x\f5\fs8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 req)\cell
\row
}{\par}
}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft1439\shptop2333\shpright1575\shpbottom3254
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz2\shplid19810
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 202}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dxTextLeft}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dyTextTop}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dxTextRight}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dyTextBottom}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn txflTextFlow}{\sv 2}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\shptxt\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\charscale
x0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Response\f5\fs8\charscalex0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Time
\f5\fs8\charscalex0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (sec)\par}}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft6614\shptop2333\shpright6750\shpbottom3254
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz2\shplid19810
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 202}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dxTextLeft}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dyTextTop}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dxTextRight}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dyTextBottom}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn txflTextFlow}{\sv 2}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\shptxt\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f5\fs8\charscale
x0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Response\f5\fs8\charscalex0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Time
\f5\fs8\charscalex0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (sec)\par}}}}