Assess types of structures and foundation loads i Assess ground conditions Arepiles No (Choose shallow necessary? =| foundation types eo Yes Technical Considerations for Different Pile Types Ground Feasibility of Loading | Environmental | Siteand plant | . conditions || conditions | constrains | constraints Sey | anes (Seetig S51 | (Section 52.3) | (Section 52.4) | (Section 5.2) | “Seeton $2.) | Pies present 522) i — ‘Section 53) { List all technically feasible pile types and rank them in order of suitability based on technical consideration i Assess cost ofeach suitable pile type and. rank them based on cost consideration ‘Make overall ranking of each pile type based on technical, cost and programme consideration i Submit individual and overall rankings of each pile type toclisntand make recommendations on the most suitable pile type Figure 5 Suggested Procedures for the Choice of Foundation Type for a Sitej 1 ]\__ Centre of ; i rotation tt Free-head Fixed-head (a) Short Vertical Pile under Horizontal Load Hl ts Fracture Frec-head (>) Long Vertical Pile under Horizontal Load-Fixed-head Point of application of equivalent eo free-head load Point of virtual fixity (2) Soil Reaetion (6) Shear Force _(c) Bending Moment Diagram DiagramApplied Applied Toad Toad gop gP 4] 8 length os fateral ding) 7 (b) Equivalent Cantilever (a) Actual Pile 26, For feeshead piles, Pa= 9s OSL For fixed-hewd piles, P= 7 ss att 4 where Le 4 / RE or soils with constant Ks $ (Es a = 4-\ [Ea torsoits with tinea increasing ky Legend : ‘mean value of G* over Le Gl +0.75v,) shear modulus of soil Poisson's ratio of s ‘modulus of horizontal subgrade reaction, constant of horizontal subgrade reaction Pa = critical buckling load ‘Young's modulus of piles ‘moment of inertia of pile free length of pile above ground critical pile Length for lateral load total pile length pile diameter E, I a iy it D Figure 6.24 — Buckling of Piles (Fleming et al, 1992)Stel ct [ra pte hickeversaraer P] 5, Figure 9.1 ‘Typical Arrangement of a Compression Test using KentledgeLocking aut Ste plat l iY /— Dial gauge — Tension members Hydraulic jack Minin spacing Pile diameter mi 7 Reaction ples Favor D whichever ls pair Figure 9.2 — Typical Arrangement of a Compression Test using Tension Piles Reference beam Steel strut \ Hydraulic jack iii gage —7 ese Piksp fd SESS Clear spacing comsccion \ A Dining ayer ‘Test piles (a) Reaction Piles[~ Steel strut _— Reference beam / Hydraulic jac Fe rp) Pile cap \__ Dial gauge ‘Test plate respite 4 (6) Deadman Hydraulic jack Reference beam Platform \— Pial gauge ‘Test plate Test pile (©) Weighted Platform