UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS. UNIVERSITEITSEKSAMENS. UNISA lex HEC101V May/June 2014 HEALTH EDUCATION Duration 2 Hours 4100 Marks EXAMINERS : FIRST. DR MC MAPHALALA, SECOND OR MJ SETHUSHA Closed book examination. ‘This examination question paper remains the property of the University of South Africa and may not be removed from the examination venue. ‘This paper consists of 7 pages. ‘SECTION A: Answer ALL the questions (30 marks) SECTION B: Answer any TWO (2) questions (70 marks) SECTION A ‘Answer ALL the questions in this section. QUESTION 1: Select the ONE MOST CORRECT answer for each of the following questions. Write down the answer (a, b, ¢ or d) next to the question number your answer book, eg 1.1. Chronic diseases are primarily caused by: (a) pathogens (b) genetics (©) _ lifestyles and behaviours (d) bacteria [TURN OVER]12 13 14 15 16 7 18 2 HEC101V May/June 2014 Health education is vital for leamers because (@) they leam so many negative things at home (b) they feel they have to do what the teacher tells them (©) health 1s a Ifelong process and the sooner health education begins, the greater the possibilty for success (d) teachers can nullify the negative aspects of a child's upbnnging An intemal health locus of control is a belief that one’s health is largely (2) amatter of one’s relationship with others {b) a matter of effectively accessing the health system (c) determined by oneself (d) determined by having the nght doctor Functions of the skeletal system include (a) supporting the body (b) maintaining posture ()__ protecting the vtal organs (6) allof the above ‘An essential nutrient needed for strong and healthy bones and testh is (2) calcium {b) potassium (2) glucose () vitamin C Diabetes 1s a disease which 1s caused when the __does not produce enough insulin (a) Iver {b) gallbladder (c) pancreas (@) spleen ‘The flight or fight response (a) 1s taught to children by parents. {b) 1s a.sign of mental iiness. {c) 1s a surwval response to perceived dangers. {d) should be controlled to prevent violent behaviour. Dunng inhalation the diaphragm ___and the chest cavity (a) relaxes, shrinks (b) relaxes, enlarges (©) contracts, shrinks (@) contracts, enlarges [TURN OVER]19 1.10 1m 412 1.13 1.14 115 1.16 3 HECIO1V May/June 2014 ‘Tiny blood vessels that connect arteries and veins are called (a) artenoles (©) capilanes () __ventncles (@) venules ‘An individual's conviction about being male or female is known as (@) — sexrole (©) gender. (6) gender identity (@) sexual orientation ‘The basic units of the nervous system are. (@) neurotransmitter (b) peripheral nerves (©) synapses (@) neurons ‘The largest part of the brain is the (@) cerebellum () cerebrum (medulla (@) midbrain The three small bones mside the ear that magnify vibrations from the eardrum are (a) the hammer, anvil and stirrup. (©) the cochlea, anvil and stirrup (©) the hammer, auncle and cochlea {@) the hammer, auncle and anvil The part of the tongue that 1s sensitive to a bitter taste is (a) the side of the tongue (b) __ the back of the tongue (c) the middie of the tongue {¢) the front of the tongue ‘The main function of protein is to (2) carry oxygen to the lungs (0) help build and repair body tissue (©) carry vitamins to the surrounding tissues (@) help with the contraction and relaxation of muscles Eating disorders are most likely to affect (a) girls, foundation phase (unior primary age) {b) boys, foundation phase (Junior primary age) (©) _gitls, intermediate or senior phase (senior primary or high schoo! age) {d) boys, intermediate or senior phase (senior primary or high school age) [TURN OVER]147 1.18 1.19 1.20 121 1.22 1.23 1.24 4 HECIO1V May/June 2014 Which of the following cognitive benefits can an individual attan through regular physical activity? {a) decrease in stress and anxiety (©) increase in feelings of self-worth and self-esteem (©) _allofthe above (@) none of the above ‘The Human Immune-deficiency virus (HIV) can enter the body through (2) sharing acomb (b) shang a Coke (©) breast mik (0) none of the above The target cells of the HIV virus are (a) cells which line the genitalia () skin cells (©) T-4(CD4) cells (@) cells of the vital organs ‘What are the general characteristics of a malignant melanoma (skin cancer)? (a) _asymmetncal in shape (b) even border (©) even im colour (@) spreads stowly ‘Two basic needs identtfied by Mastow include (a) success and popularity (b) physical strength and stamina. (©) food and shelter () power and leadership When children have good self-esteem they are likely to (a) engage in drug use on their own, without the encouragement of their frends, (b) be confident about their social and school performance (c) __ssolate themselves from assertive peers (@) refuse to enter into competitive play Hans Selye identified three stages our bodies go through as they respond to stress. This Is known as (a) eustress (b) coping mechanisms (©) General Adaptation Syndrome (©) distress Astrossor may be (2) achange in the environment (b) — aperception (©) anticipation ()_— allofthe above ITURN OVER]1.25 1.26 4.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 5 HECI01V May/June 2014 A person infected with HIV: (a) _ can always transmit the infection to others (b) _canonly transmit the infection at the last stage of the infection (AIDS stage) (©) canonly transmit the infection in the first six months after the infection (@) — (a)and (b) Teasing is an example of (a) social violence (b) bullying (©) verbal violence (@) visual violence Which of the following is related to psychological drug dependence? (a) The person experiences a craving (b) Withdrawal from the drug produces psychological symptoms (©) Withdrawal from the drug produces physical symptoms (@)Allof the above ‘The state of a person's health may be determined by the following factors {a) prenatal factors (b) —_ pennatal factors (©) postnatal factors (d) __allof the above ‘The first emotion that individuals experience when told they have a terminal iliness 1s {@) depression (©) bargaining (©) denial (d) anger determines what you can become (@) genes (©) heredity (©) environment (@) chromosomes: [30] [TURN OVER]6 HECIO1V May/June 2014 SECTION B Choose and answer any TWO (2) questions in this section (70 marks) QUESTION 2: 21 Briefly indicate the critena that you would use to determine ff the health, safety and nutrition curriculum is appropriate for the learners in a particular grade or phase. (15) 22 Discuss ways in which an educator can support the family of a leamer who is suffering from a chronic iliness (15) 2.3 Define the term “health” according to the World Health Organisation of the United ‘Nations. (5) (35) QUESTION 3: 31 Explain why health and safety education are important for learners in today's world. (10) 32 “The health of family members can be affected by their economic and social standing in the community”. Do you agree with this statement? Explain (10) 33 Alocal Councillor has invited you as a health educator to deliver a speech on HIV Prevention at a community heath awareness day. What are the key messages about HIV prevention you would incorporate in your speech? (15) [35] QUESTION 4: 41 According to Reddy and Tobias (1994:20) the terms “health education” and “health promotion” are confused with one another. Provide a clear distinction between these two terms. (10) 42 Parents are regarded as the most important stakeholders in the school system. What role do you think parents can play in the health education of their children? (10) [TURN OVER]7 HEC101V May/June 2014 43 Critically discuss some of the factors which have been linked to the increasing incidence of child abuse in South Afnica and indicate the possible role you think the educator can play in preventing or mitigating some of these factors (15) [35] TOTAL: [109) EXAMINERS: FIRST EXAMINER: Dr MC Maphalala ‘SECOND EXAMINER: Dr MJ Sethusha ° unis 2014