A Opa) G French Literature ey WON aaa Ogee)A Critical Bibliography of French Literature VOLUME V THE NINETEENTH CENTURY IN TWO PARTS Edited by DAVID BAGULEY PART 1 (Nos. 1-6353) SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY PRESS 1994Copyright © 1994 by Syracuse University Press Syracuse, New York 13244-5160 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED First Edition 1994 94.95 96 97 98 99 654321 Publication of this book was assisted by a grant from the Publications Program of the National Endowment for the Humanities, an independent federal agency. “The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information ‘Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48~1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data (Revised for vol. 5) A Critical bibliography of French literature. Includes indexes. Contents: v. 1. The medieval period / edited by Urban T. Holmes, Jr.—v. 2. The sixteenth century / edited by Alexander H. Schuts—[ete.]—v. 5. The nineteenth century in two parts / edited by David Baguley (pt. 1). 1. French literature—Bibliography. 1. Cabeen, David Clark, 1886-1965. 11. Brooks, Richard Q., 193t— Za171.C74 1947 016.84 47-3282 PQ103 ISBN 0-8156~-2566-9 Manufactured in the United Sales of AmericaTABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME V CHAPTER PAGE INTRODUCTION vii List OF ABBREVIATIONS xiii List or ConTRiBUTORS .. XXXV PART 1 I. GENERAL AND BackGRounp Materiats: General Biblio- graphical and Biographical Works, frincipal I Periodi- cals, pncpal, Journals Devoted to Writers, Language and Literary Histories, General Studies and A: gies, Literary Themes, Literary Movements, Historical Back- ou Sociocultural Bad round, by Fernande assan; Literature and the Visual Arts, b y Joy S New. ton; Literature and Music, by Johanne du Science and Literature, by ’rhheiry Victoria and ae NO VIMANEN ssaausexsenmaauassseassssensaaimssan 1 IL. GeRMaINE DE StaéL, by Karyna Szmurlo.............++ bt ILL. Benjamin Constant, by C. P. Courtney ..............- 70 IV. Francois-René DE CHATEAUBRIAND, by ierre H. Dubé V. Cxarves Nopier, by Laurence M. Porter VI. ALPHONSE DE LaMartinE, by Mary Ellen Birkett VIL. ALrrep bE Vicny, by Henry F. Majewski and John Mal- VII. Victor Huso, Li Série “Victor Hugo,” Elliott M. Grant IX. ALFRED DE Musser, by Patricia J. Siegel and Brian Tarro... 232 127 162 xixii XL. XU. XII. XIV. XV. XVI. XVIL. XVII. XIX. XX. A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE . STENDHAL (HENRI Beyze), by Jean-Jacques Hamm and Anthony G. Purdy ............eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee Hononé DE Baxzac, by Allan H. Pasco and Anthony R. Pugh Prosper MErimEe, by Eileen B. Sivert, Louise D. Dicken- son and Peter Robinson . GEORGE SAND (AURORE Dupin), by David A. Powell and Isabelle Naginski Tn Gautier, by Andrew G. Gann and Peter J. Whyte GéRarD DE NERVAL, by Frank Paul Bowman . ‘ DuMAS PERE AND THE PopuLar NoveL: Dumas pére, by Claude Schopp; The Popular Novel, by Klaus-Peter Waller « <¢ osuwsenenssieewaweenes s 4454040 scneear Pre-ROMANTIC AND Romantic Writers, by Robert iommé and Anthony Zielonka, with Anthony Ss. Caprio and Alain Goldschlager ..............--++ ‘THEATER IN THE Earty NINETEENTH CENTURY, by Mario Hamlet-Metz ...... 2.0.6... 6 cece cece eee eee eens PHILOSOPHERS AND HISTORIANS OF THE CENTURY, by Os- car A. Haac Critics AND CriTicis! 265, 323 406 435 417 509 548image not availableimage not availableimage not availablexvi A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE ASP Annali della Scuola normale superiore di Pisa ASR Archives de sociologie des religions ASSL Archiv farsdas Sudan der neueren Sprachen und Literaturen (Bonn) AT Athenaeum ATL Atlantis ATM Atlantic monthly (Boston) AU Aujourd’hui AUB Annales littéraires de l'Université de Besancon AUG Annales de l'Université de Grenoble AUL Annales de l'Université [Jean Moulin] de Lyon AUM A.U.M.L.A. Journal of the Australasian Universities Language and Litera- ture Association AUP Annales de l'Université de Paris AUS Annales universi AUW Acta universitatis wratislaviensis AVBD Avant-scene ballevdanse AVS Avant-siecle BA Books abroad BAB Babel; international journal of translation/revue internationale de traduc- tion Bulletin des amis de Charles-Louis-Philippe Bulletin des amis d’André Gide Bel-Ami Bulletin de Académie des sciences et lettres de Montpellier Bulletin de Association des professeurs de lettres Beaux-Arts Bulletin de Académie royale de langue et de littérature frangaises (Brussels) Bullen de lAssociation des amis d'Alfred de Vigny Bulletin du bibliophile [see also: BBB) Bulletin baudelairien Bulletin du bibliophile et du bibliothécaire [see also: BB] Bulletin des bibliothéques de France Berliner Beitrage zur germanischen und romanischen Philologie Bulletin de bibliographie Bulletin de la Bibliotheque Nationale [see also: RBN] Bulletin critique Bulletin critique du livre fra Bulletin du Club du meilleur livre Bollettino del Centro Charles Péguy (Univ. di Lecce) Belfagor; rassegna di varia umanita (Florence) Belles lettres; revue mensuelle des lettres francaises Bulletin d’études parnassiennes et symbolistes Bulletin des études portugaises et de l'Institut francais au Portugal Berkeley review (Berkeley, Cal.) Blackfriars (London) BG Bulletin de la Société histoire et darchéologie de Genéve. Bibliotheque publique et univ BGB Bulletin de l'Associ ea Guillaume Budé BGL Bulletin de la ide du Livre BH Bulletin hispanique BHS Bulletin of hispanic studies (Liverpool) BHT Bulletin de la Société des historiens du théatre BIB Biblio; bibliographie des ouvrages parus en langue francaise dans le monde entier (Paris)image not availableimage not availableimage not availableXx CVA CVS A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE Cahiers de Varsovie Cahiers du XXe Siécle Catholic world; a monthly magazine of general literature and sciences Commonweal; a weekly review of literature, the arts and public affairs (New ‘ork) Dissertation abstracts (international) Dilogos; artes, letras, ciencias humanas Dalhousie review (Halifax, Nova Scotia) Daedalus Dada/surrealism Degrés; revue de synthése 2 orientation sémiologique (Brussels) Désiré. Etudes des illustrés, fascicules, livres et auteurs populaires Deutsch-Franzésische Rundschau (Berlin) Dalhousie French studies (Halifax, Nova Scotia) Degré second. Studies in French literature from the Renaissance to the pres- ent Divan Diacrtcs: a review of contemporary criticism (Cornell Univ.) Diogenes; an international review of philosophy and humanistic studies (New York) Diderot studies isque vert Droit et liberté: revue bimestrielle de l'Union chrétienne des professeurs de Tenseignement officiel de Belgique Dagens nyheter Dix-neuviéme siécle Décade philosoy ophique Denver quarterly Drama review (Tulane Univ., New Orleans) Drama Dramatist De revisor Deutsche Rundschau ‘huitiéme siecle Dix-septime siécle Drama and theatre Dumasian Durham university journal Deutsche Vierteljahrsschrift fiir Literaturwissenschaft und Geistesgeschichte Dietsche Warande en Belfort Etudes anglaises Etudes baudelairiennes Essays in criticism (Oxford) Etudes carmélitaines Etudes canadiennes/Canadian studies le Economist (London) Echo de Paris Economies et sociétés Edda Education nationale Edinburgh review Etudes francaises (Montreal) Etudes francaises (Société des professeurs francais en Amérique)image not availableimage not availableimage not availableA CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE Journal of the Midwest MLA Jour Journal Journal of philosophy Journal of popular culture ‘Journal du peuple Journal des savants ‘Jahrbuch der Wittheit zu Bremen ‘Jewish studies Kentucky foreign language quarterly (see also: KRQ) Komparatistische Hefte Kunst und Literatur Kwartalnik neofilologiczny Kenyon review Kriterion Kritikon litterarum Kentucky romance quarterly [see also: KFLQ] Living age (Boston) Langue francaise Latin American literary review Larousse mensuel Langages Laurels Leuvense Bijdragen Library quarterly Literary criterion (Mysore, India) Leures et cultures de langue francaise Library chronicle of the University of Texas Letteratura; rivista di lettere € di arte contemporanea Lectures (Bari) Lendemains Lingua e stile Letterature Lettres Lettre Livres de France Lettres francaises Langage et homme Libération (Paris) Liberté Licorne Le livre et lestampe Linguistics (The Hague/Paris) Listener (London) Littérature Littérature moderne Littératures (Toulouse) {see also: AFLT) Litteris Livre Life and letters Langues modernes Lettres nouvelles Langues néo-latines London magazine Littérature populaireimage not availableimage not availableimage not availablexxvii POT PP PQ PR PRE A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE Poetics today Philologica pragensia Philological quarterly Partisan review Prétexte Preuves (Pre)publications Paris-Soir Parade sauvage. Revue d'études rimbaldiennes Parade sauvage. Bulletin Poetry Political theory (Journal for descr ive) Poetics and theory of literature Politische Vierteljahresschrift Poezja Quaderno fi filosofico Quaderni di filologia ¢ lingue romanze Quaderni ibero-americani Quinzaine liutéraire ‘Quaderni di lingue ¢ letterature Quaderni di lingue e letterature straniere Quinquereme (Bath, School of Modern Languages, Univ. of Bath) Quotidienne Queen's quarterly (Queen’s Univ., Kingston, Ontario) Quarterly review Quo vadis; revue littéraire, poétique et satirique Revue d’Allemagne Race and class Revue d'art dramatique Revue administrative Revue africaine Revue de I'Agenais Rencontres artistiques et littéraires Rapports Review of applied linguistics Raritan: a quarterly review Revue de Belgique Revue de Berry et du Centre [Revue de 'Académie du Centre] Revue biblio-iconographique Revue blanche Revue de la bibliothéque nationale [see also: BBN] Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire Revue bleue, politique et littéraire Revue contemporaine Revue des cours et des conférences de l'Université de Strasbourg. Review of contemporary fiction Revue critique d'histoire et de littérature Revue critique des idées et des livres Rencontre Revue d'histoire de l'Amérique francaise Revue de belles lettres Revue du Caire Revue du département de la Manche Revue d'esthétique Revue de Franceimage not availableimage not availableimage not availableA CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE Studies in the novel Studia romanica Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai. Philologia Subsidia pataphysica Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century ‘Symposium Syntheses Theatre arts (Detroit) Theatre arts magazine (Detroit) Theatre arts monthly (Det ‘Theatre annual Technique, art, science Theatre aujourd'hui ‘Twentieth century ‘Twentieth-century literature Terre des hommes Tulane drama review Temps (Paris) Telos Texas quarterly ‘Théatre Theater Times higher education supplement Theatre quarterly Times (London) Time Theatre journal Teaching language through literature Travaux de linguistique et de littérature Times literary supplement Temps modernes Topic; a journal of the liberal arts Théatre populaire Tel quel Tamarack review Travaux. Université de Saint-Etienne ‘Theatre research international ‘Trames; travaux et mémoires de l'Université de Limoges. ‘Table ronde; revue mensuelle Translation perspectives Trivium ‘Theater survey Tour Saint-Jacques Tennessee studies in literature Texas studies in literature and language Tulsa studies in women's literature Time and tide Texte Thyrse University of California chronicle U.C.A.L. PUB in Modern Philology University press book news University of South Florida language quarterly University of Toronto quarterly Vient de paraitreimage not availableimage not availableimage not availableCLAUbE ScHUMACHER University of Glasgow Parnicta J. SIEGEL SUNY, College at Brockport Armano E. SINGER West Virginia University BRIAN SINGLETON University of Dublin EMeen B. Sivert University of Minnesota Dororiy E. Speirs University of Toronto Morais SprinGeR J i, Israel Linpa Kuecer STILLMAN Potomac, Maryland Karyna SZMURLO Clemson University BRIAN J. TaRRO Carroll College LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS XXXVii Truerry VicToRIA University of Western Ontario Reino ViRTANEN University of Nebraska CuristorHer Vroom University of Western Ontario Panu D. WALKER University of California Kaus-Perer WALTER Universitat des Saarlandes Parricia WARD ‘heaton College Lawrence WaTson University of Buckingham Perer J. WHYTE University of Durham Barsara WRIGHT University of Dublin ANTHONY ZIELONKA Temple Universityimage not availableimage not availableimage not availableGENERAL AND BACKGROUND MATERIALS 3 from the Middle Ages to the = with a chapter given to each period Within each chapter the arrangement is first by subject and then by the authors treated. Subject and name indices and a list of periodicals appear in each vol. Lanson, Gustave. Manuel bibliographique de la littérature francaise. moderne. XVle, XVIle, XVIlle et XIXe sidcles. Revised ed.: Hachette, 1931. 2 vols. rt Within each century, literature is classi- fied by genres, periods and writers. A general section is also provided for each century, containing bibliographies and references on language, education, social influences, etc. For each author there are suggested eds. of texts and critical writ- ings. General index. MLA international bibli of beaks and articles on the moder ia literatures. [1921-1962] 1963-. Vacca aa in titles and contents: American bibliography for igat (thi rough 19 955) published annu- ally in the peri MLA (Publications of the Modern aegis Association of America), from 1g22 through 1956 (see also: Articles on the modern languages and literatures, 1921-1955. New York, Kraus, 1964). Continued as: Annual bibliography, PMLA, for 1956 to 1962; reprinted as: MLA international bibliography - 1956-1962. New York, Kraus, Continued as: MLA international Pibogea pi of books and ar- ticles on the modern s and litera- tures, Published as part of of PMLA. until 1968; separately since 1969 in 3 then 5 vols, New York MLA, 1963-. In addition to its annual tatograpy covering a broad spectrum of literature and language study, the MLA supports also specialized bibliographies through its many divisions and committees. Those pertinent to French 1gth century are list- ed here. Most of those cited here have undergone minor title changes during their existence, but their coverage has been continuous, consistent and generally extensive; all are cited first by ir cur- rent or last titles, then by the earlier ones. See 7 and 8. French and francophone eratures are now in vol. 2. It is the most important literary bibliography in Ameri- ca. It has expanded to international cov- erage as indicated by the title change. In 1969 it adopted a multi-volume format by language groups. The vols. are available separately or bound together for library use. The scope, coverage, arrangement, and indexing patterns are best compre- hended by reading the introductory mat- ter in the vol. being consulted, because these have broadened over the years. The arrangement is by language, subdivided chronologically by century, with individu- al authors in alphabetical order. An index of authors (authors of articles, books, etc.) has been added since 1964. Ranceeur, René. Bibliographie littéraire. [La- ter] Bibliographie de la littérature francaise RHLF, g49- Previous tiles: Biblio graphie littéraire. 1953-1961. Colin, 1954~ 62 [annual reissue}; reprinted: New York, Johnson, 1966. Bibliographie de la littéra- ture frangaise moderne (XVIe-XXe siécles). 965. Colin, 1963-66. [annual cu- mulation with list of periodicals] Biblio- graphic de la littérature frangaise du moyen Age & nos jours. 1966-1980. Colin, 1967— 81. [annual cumulation] Bibliographie de la liuérature francaise. RHLF, 1981-fonly in this journal]. 18 The segments of 1953-61 are provided with 3 triennial cumulative indices. The 1962 vol. introduced a list of periodicals regularly indexed as an added feature. The 1966 coverage included the Middle Ages as reflected in the title change. In 1981-85, the bibliography reverted to ap- pearing in all the issues of the RHLF. As of 1986, the “Bibliographie” constitutes no. 3, May-June, of the RHLF. The 1986 issue includes the list of journals with their addresses; the changes are indicated yearly. Middle Ages no longer covered. Available also on Minitel in France. ‘The Romantic movement: a bibliography. In: English literary history, 1937-49. Then in: PQ, 1950-64. Annual. Continued by: The Romantic movement: a selective and critical bibliography. Sept. supplement of ELN 1965-79. [French section published under the direction of James S. Patty.] Con- tinued by: The Romantic movement: a selec- tive and critical bibliography for 1979-. Ed. by David V. Erdman, with James S. Patty et al. New York, Garland, 1980-88. Then:image not availableimage not availableimage not availableGENERAL AND BACKGROUND MATERIALS ? VIGNY, Alfred de Assocation des amis d’Alfred de Vigny. Bul, letin. 1968-. [BAV] Annual. Articles, reviews, oe ZOLA, Emile Les cahiers naturalistes. Published by the So- ciété littéraire des amis d'Emile Zola. 1955. ‘Annual. [CN] 60 Articles and reviews on Zola, the natu- ralist movement, the Dreyfus affair. See also: 1994. Language and Literary Histories [FB] (Nos. 61-90) Dictionaries Dictionnaire de I’Académie francaise. Acadé- mie frangaise. 6th ed. 1835 (2 vols.), 7th = 1878 (2 vols.). This very conservative “official” diate nary of the French language emphasizes literary vocabulary and expressions. Tra- ditionally it has included few scientific, foreign, new, or technical terms. It mostly stresses words in current use and gives examples, but not quotations nor etymol- ogy, and very few syntax analyses of ver- bal constructions. Grand dictionnaire universel du XIXe a francais, historique, m ologique, bil ittéraire, artis- ique, scien «+» Ed. by Pierre Larousse. Administration du Grand dic- tionnaire, 1866-go. 17 vols. Reprinted: Ge- neva, Slatkine, 1982. 17 vols. in 34. 62 Vols. 16 and 17 are supplements issued in 1877 and 1890. A famous and impor- tant combination dictionary and encyclo- pedia, offering many brief articles on literature, including individual novels, plays, “poems, periodicals, newspapers, and the like. Excellent for European liter- ature and history; contains much biogra- phy not found in other general encyclo- pedias. Bibliographies are supplied for countries but not for writers or most oth- er subjects. Source bibliographies and li- brary catalogs often list this under the name of its editor, Pierre Larousse. There is a concise version of it: Nouveau Larousse illustré: dictionnaire universel ency- clopédique, publié sous la direction de Claude Augé. Larousse, 1897-1907. 8 vols. Littré, Emile. Dictionnaire de la langue fran- i Hachette, 1889, 2 tomes in 4 vos [1st work has had a complex publish- history An “édition intégrale, avec les iMercn suppléments et additifs_re- classés dans le texte selon les intentions de Pauteur” was issued in 7 vols. (Galli mard-Hachette, 1956-58), and has been reprinted regularly. An abrégé first ap- peared in 1874, later in updated form (Eds. univ., 1950); and this latter re- printed under the title Petit Littré (Galli- mard-Hachette, 1959). Littré gives refer- ence to sources but no dates, and many of his etymologies have been corrected or lated by the more recent dictionaries of Bloch-Wartburg and Robert. It was in- novative when it first appeared, but has since become largely obsolete. Nouveau dictionnaire de la fran- gaise. Ed. by Pierre Larousse. Larousse, 1856. 64 Became in 1906: Petit Larousse illustré. Language Studies Brunot, Ferdinand, et al. Histoire de la lan- gue francaise des origines 2 nos jours. Co- 190588 Tomes 1 to 10 in 18 vols. Co- 3 (from the origins to the First Empire) tomes 12 and. 13 (ist part) by Charles Bruneau, 1952-53: L’époque ro- mantique (1815-1852), L’époque réaliste (1852-1880). Nouvelle éd. avec biblio- graphie mise a jour, sous la direction de Gérald Antoine, Georges Gougenheim, et Robert Wagner. 13 tomes in 23 vols. 1966— 79. Includes the same vols. as above, plus tome 11 (most of it left in ms. by Bru- not): Part 1, 1969, and Part 2, 1979; and tome 13 (2nd part) [ms. left inched by Maurice Piron}, 1972. 65 The first 11 tomes embrace the history of the French language and its relation with habits, customs, events, and litera- ture. Tomes 12 and 13 deal with literary aspects of the Romaniic and realist writ- ers. Continued by: 66. Histoire de la Jangue francaise, 1880- 1914, Ed. by Gérald Antoine and Robert Martin, Eds. du C.N.RS., 1985. 642 p. 66 This 24th vol. of the Histoire opens a new series. In his pref, Antoine explainsimage not availableimage not availableimage not availableGENERAL AND BACKGROUND MATERIALS i The title brings together 2 specific liter- ary activities: the act of reading made manifest at a number of levels, and the strategies of concealment, conscious or unconscious, which in the writing/reading process remain inseparable from the de- sire to reveal. Canat, René. Une forme du mal du siécle: du sentiment de la solitude morale chez les ro- mantiques et les Parnassiens. Hachette, 1904. Reprinted: Geneva, Slatkine, 197. 312 p. Studies the feeling of isolation in the Romantic and Parnassian poets; both are individualists, the 1st group is more lyri- cal, the 2nd more objective. Both feel iso- lated in society and in the universe, devel- opa “cult of the self,” and have a taste for solitude. Castex, Pierre-Georges. Horizons tiques. Corti, 1983. 448 p. A coll. of previously published articles, offered to him by his colleagues at the Sorbonne. On Nodier, Vigny, Balzac, Lautréamont. Bibliography of his pub- lications. roman- L’hénaurme siécle: a miscellany of essays on nineteenth-century French literature. Ed. by Will L. McLendon. Heidelberg, Winter, 1984. 242 p. 97 Contains 19 essays presented at a collo- quium on igth-century French literature held in 1980. The title acknowledges the centenary of Flaubert’s death. The essays vary in genres, schools, authors (includ- ing Flaubert, Potocki, Mérimée, Mae- terlinck, Mallarmé, Schwob, et al.), sub- jects treated, and methodologies used by the contributors. Review: B. Lintz Murphy in NCFS 14: 346-48, 1986. Tknayan, ite. The concave mirror. From imitation to expression in French aes- thetic theory, 1800-1830. Saratoga, Calif., Anma Libri, 1983. 227 p. (Stanford French and Italian studies 30) 98 On the transition between classicism and romanticism which took place in France during the Empire and Restora- tion. Review: P.A. Ward in NCFS 14:350- 51, 1986. Jasinski, René. A travers le XIXe siécle. Mi- nard, 1975. 450 P- 99 Reprinting of articles published in var- ious journals, on Delille, Nodier, Abran- tés, Hugo, Musset, Gautier, Flaubert, Baudelaire, and Verlaine. Juin, Hubert. Lectures du XIXe le, vol. 1. Union générale d'éditions, 1976. 319 p. 100 Comments on certain texts favored by the author. Writers chosen: Nodier, La- martine, Sand, Fournier, Sue, Michelet, Gautier, Dumas, Nerval, Hugo, plus the writers of the Commune. Pia, Pascal. Romanciers, poetes, essayistes du dix-neuvidme siécle. Denoél, 1971. 581 p. 101 From Mme de Staél to Alfred Jarry. Porter, Laurence M. The literary dream in French romanticism. A psychoanalytic in- terpretation, Detroit, Wayne State Univ. Press, 1979. 213 p. 102 Examines works of Nodier, Nerval, Lautréamont, and Flaubert. On the criti- cal moment in literary history when nar- rative structure was transformed by at- tempts to imitate the dream in fiction. Terdiman, Richard. Discourse/counter-dis- course. The theory and practice of symbolic resistance in nineteenth-century France. Ithaca, N-Y., Cornell Univ. Press, 1985. 362 P. Proposes a theory of discourse for the igth century in which culture is a “field of struggle.” Considers such authors as Balrac, Foucault, Kristeva, Bakhtin, Der- a. Review: P. Schofer in NCFS 15:351- 52, 1987. Tison-Braun, Micheline. Poétique du pay- sage. Essai sur le genre descriptif. Nizet, 1980. 204 p. 104 Studies poetry and prose from the 17th through the zoth centuries to arrive at aimage not availableimage not availableimage not availableGENERAL AND BACKGROUND MATERIALS 15, Theater Berthier, Patrick. Le théatre au XIXe siécle. P.U.F., 1986. 127 p. (Que sais-je?) 137 The 19th century is marked by an over- production of plays. Between 1836 and 1845, 2,802 new plays were performed, among which were 1,924 vaudevilles. The author stresses the Romantic struggle, the transformation of comedy in 1800-70, and the diversity of the theater at the end of the century. Bourgeois, René, and Jean Mallion. Le thé- tre au XIXe siécle. Masson, 1971. 245 p. 138 From Pixerécourt to Jarry. Carlson, Marvin. The French stage in the nineteenth century. Metuchen, N.J., Scare- crow Press, 1972. 326 p. 139 Studies neoclassicism and melodrama (1800-0), the age of romanticism (1827-50), social drama and operetia (1850-70), realism and symbolism (1870— 1900). Substantial bibliography, and full index. Descotes, Maurice. Histoire de la critique dra- matique en France. Tiibingen, Narr, 1980. 45 P- 140 Part 2, chapters 2 to 6 deal with the igth century. jones, Michéle. Le théatre national en France de 1800 8 1830. Klincksieck, 1975, 167 p. M41 Studies the national theater under the Consulate, the Empire, and the Restora- tion when historical plays by Roederer and Vitet were written; at the end of that period the Romantic drama started. Bibli- ography. Lioure, Michel. Le drame. Colin, 1963. 424 p. 142 Part 1: history of the genre from the drame bourgeois to contemporary drama. Part 2: theoretical and critical anthology. ramatic anthology. Nostrand, Howard Lee. Le théatre antique et 4 antique en France de 1840 4 1900. Droz, 1934. 331 P- 143 Even before 1830 there were elements of antiquity in some plays. In 1843, Lu- créce was in the “théatre antique” tradition which was then revived, parallel to. the prolonged Romantic vein, Plays written during the Parnasse period were influ- enced by antiquity. Completed by an an- notated bibliography of the plays inspired by antiquity in France in 18401900 and by a bibliography of works mentioned. Thomasseau, Jean-Marie. Le mélodrame. P.ULF., mui 127 p. (Que sais-je?) 144 This minor genre was an important source of the Romantic drama and en- joyed an enormous success with wide au- diences. It developed during the Revolu- tion, with the growing interest in theater among the common people, stimulated by current events. Wicks, Charles Beaumont. The Parisian sage. Alphabetical indexes of plays and au- thors [1800-100]. Uni bama Press, 1990-79. § vols. Vol. 1: 1800-15: vol. # 1816-30% vo. 3: 1851—50; vol. 4: 1851—755 vol. 5: 1876-1900. Lists plays in chronological onder » dates of 1st performance in Paris. Cu- mulative index in vol. 5. See also: 17715, 1846, 1853. iterary Themes [FB] (Nos. 146-175) L’aventure dans la littérature ire au XIXe sigcle. Ed. by Roger Bellet. Lyons, Presses univ. de Lyon, 1985. 220 p. 146 The popular novel is by definition an adventure novel. Papers read at a collo- quium concerning Gautier, Sandeau, Ponson du Terrail, Verne, Malo, ¢t al. Avni, Abraham Albert. The Bible and roman- ticism. The Old Testament in German and French romantic poetry. The Hague-Paris. Mouton, 1969. 299 p- Surveys the theme of the Bible in Gen man and French romanticism. There is a glaring disparity in the treatment of the Bible in German and French Romantic poetry. Bibliography, indices. See 4942. Berchet, Jean-Claude. Le voyage en Orient. ‘Anthologie des voyageurs francais dans leimage not availableimage not availableimage not availableimage not availableimage not availableimage not availableimage not availableGENERAL AND BACKGROUND MATERIALS 23 laine, et al.) Well illustrated. See also: 10653. Schmidt, Albert-Marie. La littérature symbol- iste (1870-1900). P.U.F., 1957. 128 p. (Que sais-je?) 214 From Mallarmé to Valéry. Walzer, Pierre-Olivier. La révolution des : Lautréamont, Mallarmé, Rimbaud, Corbiére, Cros, Nouveau, Laforgue, avec sept portraits. Neuchatel, La Baconniére, 1970. 68 p. 215 Brief survey of 7 pottes maudits. ‘Theater in the Second Half of the Nineteenth Gentury , Bettina L. The reign of the theatrical director: French theatre, 1887-1924. Troy, N.Y., Whitston, 1987. 265, p. 216 On the production of naturalist and symbolist plays in Paris at the turn of the century; deals with some of the greatest geniuses the theater has ever known: A. Antoine, A. Lugné-Poe and Jacques Co- peau. Review: D. Willinger in NCFS 16:215~ 17, 1987-88. Marie, Giséle. Le théatre symboliste: ses ori- gines, ses sources, pionniers et réalisateurs. Nizet, 1973. 190 p. 217 Treats Villiers de I'Isle-Adam, Mal- larmé, Dujardin, Péladan, Maeterlinck, Claudel, Jammes, et al. Robichez, Jacques. Le symbolisme au thé- Atre: Lugné-Poe et les débuts de I(Euvre. L’Arche, 1957. 2¢ éd. 1972. 568 p. 218 ‘The symbolist theater, 1886-1893. Use- ful bibliography. SantaVicca, Edmund F. Four French drama- tists: a bibliography of criticism of the works of Eugene Brieux, Francois de Curel, Emile Fabre, Paul Hervieu. Metuch- en, N.J., Scarecrow Press, 1974. 177 P. 2,020 entries on these writers. Sorel, Albert-Emile. Essais de psychologic dramatique. Sansot, 1910. 235 p. 220 On H. Becque, P. Hervieu, E. Fabre, G. de Porto-Riche, M. Donnay, H. Lavedan, F. de Curel, et al. Historical Background [FB] (Nos. 221-230) Bertier de Sauvigny, Guillaume de. La Res- tauration. Flammarion, 1955. Alo: 1974. 652 p. Trans.: by Lynn M. Case. The Bour- bon Restoration. Philadelphia, Univ. of Pennsylvania Press, 1966. 499 P. 221 Very thorough survey of the Restora- tion and the “Hundred Days,” accom- panied by a detailed bibliography for each section of the book. Bouju, Paul M., and Henri Dubois. La Troisitme République (1870-1940). roth ed.: P.ULF., 1984. 128 p. (Que sais-je2) 222 Discusses the Third Republic from its shaky birth to its end, when it placed by the Vichy Government. Brunet, Jean-Paul. Histoire du soci France de 1871 a nos jours. P.U.F. 128 p. (Que sais-je?) History of French socialism through its transformations. Complete and con- densed summary of this history from the Commune of 1871 to the present. Castelot, André. Napoléon III. Perrin, 1973~ 74. 2 vols. Vol. 1: Des prisons au pouvoir. Vol. 2: L’aube des temps modernes. 768 and 960 p. 224 Considers the life, social and political ideas, reign, and exile of Napoleon III. Chevallier, Jean-Jacques, and Gérard Conac. Histoire des institutions et des régimes poli- tiques de la France de 1789 nos jours. Nouvelle éd. Dalloz, 1986. 964 p. [1st ed.: 1967] 225 From the Revolution to the present. Histoire de la France. Ed. by Georges Duby. Larousse, 1987. 3 vols. Vol. 1: Naissance d'une nation, des origines a 1348. Vol. 2: Dynasties et révolutions, de 1348 a 1852. Vol. 3: Les temps nouveaux, de 1852 4 nosimage not availableimage not availableimage not availableGENERAL AND BACKGROUND MATERIALS 27 Tison-Braun, Micheline. La crise de 'huma- nisme. Vol. 1: 18g0-1914. Minard, 1986. 515 p. [1st ed.: Nizet, 1959] 255 Revised ed. of a monumental study that was very well received. Focuses on prob- lems relating to social psychology: confli tual ideologies arising between the vidual and society. Review: B.L. Knapp in NCFS 16:213-15, 1987-88. Viatte, Auguste. Les sources occultes du ro- mantisme. Illuminisme, théosophie, 1770- 1820, See m 5508 256 Le préromantisme.” 2: “La généra- tion de I'Empire.” The author studies the points in common between theosophy and preromanticism: love of nature, need for the infinite, the supremacy of love, in- terest in the Bible. He studies the influ- ence of Lavater, Saint-Martin, Joseph de Maistre, “le Groupe de Coppet,” Sweden- borg, Fourier, et al. Excellent bibliogra- phy, index of names. See also: 1347. Weber, France fin de siécle. Cam- bridge, Belknap Press of Harvard Univ., 1986. [In English] 294 p. Trans.: Fin de si- écle. La France a la fo du XIXe siécle. Payot, 1986. 358 p. 257 Offers a synthetic view of the period. The author extends his curiosity to all as- of the society of the time, with a predilection for elements of daily life and for cultural transformation, whether in literature, painting or drama. ‘Women, the family and freedom: the debate in documents. Ed. by Susan Groag Bell and Karen M. Offen. Stanford, Stanford U Fress, 1983. Vol 1: 1750-1880. xiv, 561 p. Vol. 2: 1880-1950. xiii, 474 p. Presents selections from 263 docs ments concerning the debate over wom- an’s nature and role in society. We follow the changing ideas on women's educa- tion, panier rghis and economic status. Review: K.J. Grecelius in NCFS 13:23, 1985. Literature and the Visual Arts [JN] (Nos. 259-377) Adhémar, J. Balzac et la peinture. RSH Jo: 149-62, 1952. 259 A very sensitive chronological study of Balzac’s tastes in painting which color the principal strands of his imagery. Amelunxen, H. von. Quand la photographie se fit lectrice: le livre illustré par la photo- graphie au XIXe siécle. RO 47:85-96, 1985. 260 Considers eds. of novels by Rodenbach, Loti and Gyp. David L.A bibliography of sym- bolism as an international and multidisci- plinary movement. New York, New York Univ. Press, 1975. 160 p. 261 Includes a useful selection of reviews from igth-century newspapers. Apter, E. The garden of scopic perversion from Monet to Mirbeau. OT 47:91-115, 1988. 262 Looks at Charcot's pathology of hyste- ria and Mirbeau's essays on the works of Monet. L’art en France sous le Second Empire. Ed. by Daniel Alcouffe et al. Eds. de la Réunion des musées nationaux, 1979. 536 p- 263 Catalog of exhibition at the Grand Palas, 11 May to 19 Aug. 1979. There i much here that will be of interest to the interdisciplinary specialist, especially in the introductory essay by JM. Moulin: “Le Second Empire. Art e& société,” 15-27, on the taste of the imperial family compared with that of the bourgeoisie; there is also a valuable bibliography which lists contemporary reviews of the Salon and other exhibitions in newspapers and journals as well as more recent art criti- ism. ‘The artist and the writer in France. Essays in honour of Jean Seznec. Ed. by Francis Haskell, Antony Levi and Robert Shack- leton. Oxford, Clarendon, 1974. 184 p. 264 A coll. of scholarly essays in the tradi tional style, which includes contributions from A. Fairlie, who shows how Flaubert used pictures as a means of extending and crystallizing his own inherent aspira- tions and projects; T. Reff considers the ways in which Flaubert’s Queen of Sheba influenced Cézanne and Redon; L. Aus-image not availableimage not availableimage not availableGENERAL AND BACKGROUND MATERIALS 31 French symbolist painters. Ed. by G. Lacam- bre, P. Jullian and A. Bowness. London, Arts Council of Great Britain, 1972. 170 p. 300 Catalog of the major exhibition at the Hayward Gallery, London, and the Walk- er Art Gallery, Liverpool, in 1972; this is a prime source of material for all scholars interested in exchanges of influence be- tween writers and painters. Frey, John A. The aesthetics of the Rougon- Macquart. Madrid, José Porrua Turanzas, 1978. 348 p. 301 Demonstrates with admirable clarity the esthetic affinities between naturalism, impressionism and symbolism and out- lines the necessary limitations imposed by the genre. Gamboni, Dario. La plume et le pinceau. Odilon Redon et la littérature. Minuit, 1989. 354 P- 3 Assesses Redon's involvement with lit- erature and contemporary writers using a selection of his unpublished letters and considers in general the nature of the re- lationship between art and literature in the last quarter of the 19th and early 2oth centuries. Giovannini, G. Method in the study of litera- ture in relation to the other arts. JAAC 8: 185-95, 1950. 303 Some useful pointers for ways of ap- proaching interdsciplinary subject Hamon, Philippe. A propos de l'impression- nisme de Zola. CN 34:139-46, 1 304 Argues that comparisons with the im- pressionists are valid for certain aspects of Zola’s use of detail but not in the m Hannoosh, M. Jules Laforgue, lecteur de Dela- croix: notes inédites. STF $1:407~20, 1987. 305 Presents a notebook kept by Laforgue in the 1880s, published so far only in abridged form. , F.W.J. Notes on aesthetic theory in France in the igth century. BJA 13:2 69, 1973. 306 Makes a connection between the artist’s approach to esthetics and his relationship with his environment, with special refer- ence to Comte, Taine, Proudhon, Guyau, and Zola. Hartmann, E. Japonisme and igth century French literature, CLS 18:141-66, 1981, 30 ‘An excellent historical survey tracing the ways in which writers initially became acquainted with Japanese esthetics through contemporary painters; as well as chart- ing aspects of the positive response in French writers to this phenomenon, the article also offers useful guidelines of ap- proach which could become the basis for further research. Haskell, E.T. Huysmans, Lepére and A re- bours: an image-text inquiry. WI 4:393— 404, 1988. 308 Suggests this 190g illustrated ed. is a masterpiece of inventive image-text dy- namics. Illustrations for Baudelaire’s Les fleurs du mal: symbolist dreams and deca- dent nightmares. SY 38:179-95, 1984. 309 Examines the interpretation of the poems offered by a number of “peintres- graveurs.” Hatzfeld, Helmut. Literature through art: a new approach to French literature. New York, Oxford Univ. Press, 1952. 247 p. 310 A pioneer work, good on general prin- ciples. Hauser, Arnold. The social history of art. London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1951. 2 vols. 311 The 2nd vol. (devoted to naturalism, impressionism and the film age) offers in the context of a general survey some fine- ly observed indications about interdis- ciplinary cross-currents. Hauteceeur, Louis. Littérature et peinture en France. Du XVIle au XXe siécle. Colin, 1942. 326 p. 312 A pioneer work which sets out useful general principles; devoted in the mainimage not availableimage not availableimage not availableGENERAL AND BACKGROUND MATERIALS 35 . Mnemosyne: the parallel between lit- erature and the visual arts. Washington, National Gallery of Art and Oxford Univ. Press, 1970. 262 p. 350 Based on the A.W. Mellon lectures for 1967, this is an attempt at a historical sur- vey of the question. Reff, Theodore. Manet and modern Paris. Chicago, Univ. of Chicago Press, 1982. 280 P. 351 The intro. suggests some specific paral- lels between paintings by Manet and prose poems by Baudelaire. Rewald, John. Cézanne et Zola. Sedrowski, 1936. 202 p. See also: (revised version): Cézanne, sa vie, son ceuvre, son amitié pour Zola. Albin Michel, 1939. 460 p. 352 An invaluable account, with extracts from the letters to Zola. Several eds. and trans. Rheims, Maurice. L'enfer de la curiosité; de Marat au bain au petit pan de mur jaune. Albin Michel, 1979. 487 p. 353 Considers the interest taken by many writers in artists and the arts, concentrat- ing on novelists from Stendhal to Proust. Academically lightweight in presentation, but infinitely rich in suggestion. Riout, Denys. Les écrivains devant l'impres- sionnisme. Macula littérature, 1989. 446 p. ‘354 Presents extracts from Adam, Burty, Castagnary, Chesneau, Claretie, Duranty, Duret, Ephrussi, Fénéon, Huysmans, Mallarmé, Maupassant, Mirbeau, Sil- vestre, and Verhaeren, with a sound in- tro. and excellent annotation. Robida, Michel. Le salon Charpentier et les impressionnistes. Bibliotheque des arts, 1958. 168 p. (Souvenirs et documents 10). See also: Les grandes heures du salon Char- pentier. Lausanne, 1958. xxxii, 165 p. 355 An interesting evocation of the group of writers, painters and politicians who frequented the publisher's salon. Romantic mythologies. Ed. by Ian Fletcher. London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1967. 298 p. Includes a long study by A.J.L. bess on “The image of the androgyne in the 1gth century, with special reference to Balzac, Gautier, Mallarmé, Péladan, the Pre-Raphaelites and Gustave Moreau” (p. 1-95). Rosen, Charles, and Henri Zerner. Roma cism and realism: the mythology of nine- teenth century art. London, Faber, 1984. x, 244 p. 357 Looks at the contribution of Baudelaire and Flaubert, among others, to the my- thology of 1gth-century art. Schiff, R. The end of impressionism. A study in theories of artistic expression. ARQ 1:338-78, 1978. ‘A major article on esthetic cross-cur- rents which takes in Baudelaire, Fromen- tin, Laforgue, Mallarmé, and Zola. Schuster, I. Effects of Japanese art on French and German literature in the 1gth century. CRCL 1:76-88, 1974. 359 Very general, with some detail about Goncourt and Jules Renard. Schwartz, William Leonard. The imaginative interpretation of the Far East in modern French literature 1800-1925. Champion, gar. 248 p. (Bibliotheque de la Revue de littérature comparée 40). An absolutely crucial text which traces the growth of interest in the artistic possi- bilities of the subject. mainly through Gautier, Huysmans, Montesquiou, Zola, and Goncourt. Scott, David. Academism and modernity in nineteenth century French poetry and art. NCO 5:75-88, 1988. 361 Compares and contrasts Parnassian and symbolist poetic practice. ge érotique dans la poésie francaise au Rie sidele. RO 63:87-01, 1989. 362 Traces the odalisque theme in Gautier, Baudelaire and Heredia via sculpture and painting.image not availableimage not availableimage not availableGENERAL AND BACKGROUND MATERIALS 39 cusses common elements in music and lit- erature; (2) examines the blending of mu- sic and literature in vocal music; (3) “a preliminary investigation of the structural principles of the two arts” (the influence ‘of music on literature); and (4) discusses the “converse problem of the effect of lit- erature on music” (es) music). A landmark in d Review: 1988. Chantavoine, Jean, and Jean Gaudefroy-De- mombynes. Le romantisme dans la mu- sique européenne. Albin Michel, 1955. 611 P. 389 Part of “L’évolution de humanité, syn- these collective,” founded by the famous French musicologist Henri Berr. Thit work, started by Chantavoine but inter- rupted because of his death, was com- pleted by Gaudefroy-Demombynes. Re- markably comprehensive and coherent, consistently objective. A true collabora- tion and an in-depth look at the Romantic movement in European music. Although German in origin, Romantic music has its French precursors and composers. An important part of this study deals French romanticism as a philosophy ifesting itself in all the arts. This work is a valuable study and an easy-to-use source of information. Extensive bibliography. Claudon, Francis. L'idée et l'influence de la musique chez quelques romantiques fran- ais et notamment Stendhal. Lille, Atelier de reproduction des theses, Univ. de Lille III, 1979. 662 p. (Diffusion: Champion) 390 Divided into 3 parts, of which the first 2 treat the influence of music and the idea of music in Romantic literature, and the third focuses on the role of music in Stendhal’s major novels. Music is seen as ickground as well as a catalyst for dra- matic emotions (see also: 432). Stresses the influence of opera on Stendhal's “mise en scéne.” This book offers a wealth of i formation as well as an abundance of good ideas. It might seem confusing at first but one is well advised to persevere inasmuch as this study is an excellent ex- ample of the thematic approach giving the'reader a good grasp of the evolution of musical life. Rich bibliography, indices ‘of names and musical scores consulted by the author. jews: JM. Bailbé in SC 23:71-72, thier in RO 35:137-39, Ceeuroy, André. Appels d’Orphée, nouvelles études de musique et de littérature com- parées. La nouvelle revue critique, 1928. 214 p. ‘391 Argues that not all musical apprecia- tion written by famous 1gth-century au- thors has merit. In his view, a great deal of it is to be considered as vague Roman- tic effervescence without_much depth. ‘The author has selected a few writers that he considers to be amongst the best ex- amples of sensitive musical critics. In- cludes a good study of Nerval as well as shorter studies on George Sand, Banville, Huysmans, Renan, and Barrés. Cocuroy concludes his work with an analysis of the Wagnerian influence on French novels, in particular Zola’s. However, Cacuroy seems to see Wagnerian influence in nov- els by Zola written prior to Zola’s knowl- edge of Wagnerian theories. . Musique et littérature. Bloud et Gay, 1923. 262 p. 392 ‘A classic comparative study of music and literature. One of the first and best attempts to understand the richness in the convergence between these 2 art forms. Studies composers and writers rather than literary movements. Includes studies of Flaubert, Gobineau, and an im- portant study of Proust. Demonstrates that during the 1gth-century music and literature were truly inseparable. . Wagner et esprit romantique, Wag- ner et la France, le wagnérisme littéraire. Gallimard, 1965, 380 p. 393 A detailed study of Wagner's impact on France and French literature. Notes the evolution of Wagnerism seen both as a system and an influence. A 3rd_ part, “L'esprit frangais et Wagner,” is impor- tant for those interested in the influence of music on literature. Discusses the thoughts of avid Wagnerians such as Nerval, as well as those classified as anti-Wag-image not availableimage not availableimage not availableGENERAL AND BACKGROUND MATERIALS 43 jankélévitch, Vladimir. La musique et I’ fable. Seuil, 1983. 202 p. A fanciful look at music’s antithetic roles. Music is both expressive and inex- pressive, serious and frivolous, profound and superficial, meaningful and mean- ingless. Is it a language, is it entertain- ment? Uses mainly Fauré’s music as ex- amples. Not easily understood. Beautiful prose. Indices of musicians and musical examples. Kelkel, Manfred. Naturalisme, vérisme et ré- alisme dans lopéra de 1890 2 1930. Vrin, 1984. 529 p. 412 Inasmuch as librettos are part of our literary heritage, Kelkel’s study finds an important place amongst works pertain- ing tothe comparative study of erature and music. ferest to igth-century specialists only in its treatment of the last 10 years of the century. Kelkel ap- proaches the complex question of “le na- turalisme musical,” not only in its literary and musical aspects but also its sociologi- cal and esthetic features. 60 librettos are examined structurally and_ thematically. The levels of language, the leitmotive and the folkloric traits are studied in depth. ‘The author is able to give an accurate idea of the social types portrayed in op- eras. Gives the reader a clear perspective on the differences between naturalism, verismo and “la nouvelle objectivité.” Rich and particularly useful study. Excellent bibliography and indices. Kramer, Lawrence. Music and poetry: the nineteenth century and after. Berkeley, Los Angeles-London, Univ. of California Press, 1984. 251 p- ‘Attempts to apply a scientific approach to the study of poetry and music. Also provides the vocabulary necessary for such a study. Discusses Apollinaire, Bau- delaire, Chopin, Debussy, Rimbaud, and many others. Lehmann, A.G. The symbolist aesthetic in France, 1885~1895. See 10214. 414 An intelligent look on the esthetics of the symbolist poets in France. Divided in- to 2 parts: “The philosophy of art” and “a history of literary ideas.” The examina- tion of music leads to the comparison of “the empirical character of poetry with that of music as a separate art (assonance, dissonance, alliteration, etc.).” Secondly, the essential esthetic value of music is considered. Important aspects of music in Mallarmé’s poetry are presented. Good section on “musicality,” the symbolists, and Wagner (see Part 2, chapters 4 and 5). Useful name and subject indices. Leibowitz, René. Les fantomes de 'opéra. Es- sais sur le théatre lyrique. Gallimard, 1972. 393 P- 415 as a total ramatic, musi- poetic, technological). Author goal in ‘choosing to examine certain funda- mental aspects and characteristics of op- era is to enable the initiated as well as the uninitiated reader to understand, appre- Giate and venerate opera as “l'une des ex- pressions les plus mystérieuses, les plus osées et les plus completes de limagina- tion créative.” Honest evaluation of 0 creative art form (lyrical, IL Littérature et musique. Ed. by Raphaél Céli Brussels, Publications des Facultés ui Saint-Louis, 1982. 196 p. 416 A coll. of studies by different authors organised under 3 “étude mu- sico-littéraire,” “Vunité mythique de la lit- térature et de la musique” and “mélodie, voix, et figuration littéraire.” Includes a useful study by Jean-Louis Cupers. in which he presents different approaches to the study of music and literature such as “I'approche biographique,” “I'approche musico-littéraire —traditionnelle,” proche analogique,” “I'approche architec- tonique.” Although the author mainly uses Charles Dickens as an example, the ideas can be applied to 1gth-century French texts. The same can be said for Célis's study on E.T.A. Hoffmann and R. Schumann which is part of this coll. Review: S. Gut in RLC 3:400-01, 1987. La littérature francaise et la musique. RMU 210:Jan. 1952. 417 Special issue with texts by Claudel, Ramuz, Charles Keechlin, Frank Onnen, Aimé Patri, and Valentine Hugo, cover- ing Berlioz, Debussy, Ravel, and Mal-image not availableimage not availableimage not availableGENERAL AND BACKGROUND MATERIALS 47 Particularly interesting is part 2 of chapter 2, “Le monde littéraire,” where the author discusses Berlioz’ relationship with Hugo, Dumas and Vigny, as well as their artistic compatibility. . La musique aux temps romantiques. Alcan, 1930. 187 p. 439 Tiersot uses an historical approach to trace a global view of music during the Romantic era. He divides his study into 2 main parts: before and after 1830. The 1st part is a good overview of musical Ro- mantics in France, Italy and Germany. The 2nd focuses mainly on Berlioz as a writer and composer. Victor Hugo et la musique. RMU 378:1985. 440 Texts by Julien Benda, Julien Tiersot, Léon Kochnitzky, André Suarés, José Bruyr. Goes against the popular idea that Victor Hugo disliked music. Hugo's ap- proach to music was not in terms of sim- ple sensual appreciation but rather that of the philosopher or the esthete. Bee- thoven was a great source of inspiration for the master. ‘Waddington, Patrick. The Dodillon copies of letters by ‘Turgenev to Pauline and Louis Viardot. Belfast, Queen's Univ. of Belfast (Dept. of Slavonic studies), 1970. 55 p. 441 Author divides his study into 2 parts: the text of the letters (the copies made by Emile Dodillon) and the complete French texts of Dodillon’s copies of the letters. All letters are referenced to the Soviet Academy's ed. of Turgenev (Polnoye sobranie sochinenii i pisem I. S. Turgenava. Moscow-Leningrad, 1960-68). The let- ters are a statement of a musical and liter- ary friendship as well as a chronicle of the musical and literary events of the time. Wenk, Arthur, B. Claude Debussy and the po- ets. Berkeley, Los Angeles-London, Univ. of California Press, 1976. x, 345 p. 442 Studies the interrelationships between music and French poetry, such as works by Verlaine, Baudelaire and Mallarmé. Comprehensive and easy to read in spite of a number of technical studies. Good appendices of Debussy’s works, both pub- lished and uncompleted. The poems cho- sen for the study are translated into En- glish. Winn, James Anderson. Unsuspected elo- quence. A history of the relations between poetry and music. New Haven, Conn., Yale Univ. Press, 1981. 381 p. 443 Essential rigorous historical account of the relationship between music and poet- ry. Begins with the ancient world and ends up with the present century. An- alyzes some basic components of poetical and musical creation, Presents an inter- esting history of the metaphors by which people have tried to explain “the mystery of making.” Particular attention gi the technical and esthetic rel tween music and poetry. Can easily be understood by both students of literature and music. Does not deal exclusively with French music and literature of the 1gth century but ideas presented (chapters 5 and 6) can be useful. Too important a study to be neglected. Serves as good background. Woolley, Grange. Richard Wagner et le sym- bolisme francais. Les rapports principaux entre le wagnérisme et 'évolution de hidée symboliste. P.U.F., 1931. 180 p. 444 This study, originally a thesis, deals mainly with the influence of Wagner both on symbolist poets and their forerunners as well as with the evolution of symbol- ism. The author has also included a chap- ter on links between the naturalists and the Parnassians and Wagnerism. In a chapter on “le théatre symboliste,” the au- thor deals not only with well-known works but also with minor works such as Zola’s lyric opera Messidor. The survey limits itself mostly to thematic compari- son. Author repeats misguided notions about Mallarme’s poetry having no real subject, only sonority. The ideas are remi- niscent of those in Edmund Gosse’s French profiles, which states (although the very opposite is true) that, for Mallarmé, euphonic relations are more important than logic and clarity of word. Dates are not always accurate. A good bibliography on critical works as well as a bibliography ‘on major pre-symbolist and symbolist po- etry and drama.a You have either reached 2 page thts unevalale fer vowing or reached your ievina tit for his book.image not availableimage not availableCHAPTER II GERMAINE DE STAEL (Nos. 465-639) Karyna SzmuRLO Bibliographies Balayé, Simone. Le dossier Staél. RO 20:101— 09, 1978. 465 More ample than the appendix of her book (512), this note gives an overview on S. studies and new perspectives. See also: 466 and 473. Cahiers staéliens (nouvelle série). Société des études staéliennes. Touzot, 1962-. 466 Indispensable research tool published annually, providing new entries, inédis, correspondence and critical essays. The most extensive and carefully updated bib- liography of the works by and on S., pre- pared by Simone Balayé and Anne Amend, appears in issue 39:88-137, 1989. Lonchamp, F.C. Lieuvre imprimé de Ma- dame Germaine de Staél. Description bib- liographique, raisonnée et annotée de tous les ouvrages publiés par ses soins ou ceux de ses héritiers (1786-1821); accompagnée de 36 reproductions documentaires en fac- similé des titres originaux et ornée, en frontispice, d'un portrait ancien de Ma- dame de Sat Geneva, Caller, 1949 125. Contains 145 entries carefully anno- tated covering 3 publication periods: pri- or to the French Revolution, then from 1789 until the death of Jacques Necker, and from 1804 until the publication of 470. Useful index of names, titles and re- productions. Occident et Cahiers staéliens (Série épuisée); are année: nos. 1 (1930), 2 (1931), 3-4 (1932); 2e année: nos. 1 (1933), 2 (1934), 3 (1935), 4 (1936); ge année: nos. 1 (1937), 2 (1938), and 3 (1939)- 468 Publication of the Société des études staéliennes established by Mme de Pange 51 in 1gag. Discontinued during the war and reissued in 1962. See 466. Schazmann, Paul-Emile. Bibliographic des ceuvres de Mme de Staél et description d'aprés les exemplaires originaux des édi- tions frangaises publiées de son vivant et des inédits posthumes. Pref. by Fernand Baldensperger. Intro. by la comtesse Jean de Pange. Paris-Neuchatel, Attinger, i938. 96 p. 469 Dated but still indispensable for serious research. Contains 63 entries with valu- able description and background of each ed. See also: §12, 522, 525. Editions Complete Works Staél, Anne-Louise Germaine Necker de. ‘Euvres completes. Treuttel et Wirtz, 1820- 21. 17 vols. Reprinted: Geneva, Slatkine, 1967. 470 Published by Auguste-Louis de Staél, preceded by an essay on the character and works of the author by Albertine de Saussure. Includes: 1: Notice sur le carac- tere et les écrits de Mme de Staél, Lettres sur le caractere et les écrits de J.-J. Rousseau; 2: Morceaux divers: Réflexions sur le procés de la reine, Réflexions sur la paix adressées & M, Pitt et aux Francais, Réflexions sur la paix intérieure, Essai sur les fictions; Trois nou- velles: Mirza, ou la letire d'un voyageur, Adé- laide et Théodore, Histoire de Pauline, Zulma, fragment d'un owvrage; 3: foe sur le ane: ides individus et des nations, Réflexions sur le suicide; 4: De la lit- térature considérée dans ses rapports avec les institutions sociales; 5~7: Delphine; 8: Corinne ou UHtalie; 10-11: De UAllemagne;image not availableimage not availableimage not availableGERMAINE DE STAEL 55 Univ. of Wisconsin Press, 1968. 400 p. $s connection with Du Pont inspired her aborted plan to emigrate to the U.S. Contains letters in French and English. Trans. by the editor. Solovieff, Georges. Lettres 4 Narbonne. Pref. by la comtesse Jean de Pange. Gallimard, 1960. 559 P- 497 No overlap with 492 since it contains numerous Libliographical clarifications, and situates this relationship within its biographical and political contexts. . Madame de Staél, ses amis, ses corres- pondants. Choix de lettres 1778-1817. Pref. by la comtesse Jean de Pange. Klinck- sieck, 1970. 586 p. 491 Important vol. of 392 letters with 51 answers from S.’s correspondents. Valu- able intro. on S.'s obsession to write. Review: S. Colsaet in RHLF 73:707-08, 1973- Usteri, Paul, and Eugéne Ritter. Lettres iné- dites de Mme de Staél 4 Henri Meister. Plon, 1903. 285 p. 499 Modern ed. by Albert Reinhardt and Conrad Ulrich (Zurich, Berichtlaus, 1968). Revised transcription, careful publication. See also: CST 1:1962 and 13:1971 (Russian correspondents); 8:1969 (Sismondi); 9:1969 (Hochet); 10:1970 (Sir James Mackintos! 23:1978 (Wieland). Also: Balayé (466, 473, 512); Constant chapter, 707, 708, 710. Special Collections an del colloquio internationale II Gruppo di Coppet e V'Italia, Pescia, 24-27 Se} 1986. Ed. by Mario Matucci. Pisa, Paci 1988. 345 P- 500 Contains 11 essays on S. of which sever- al are listed separately. See 536, 540, 563, 625. Benjamin Constant, Madame de Stzél et le Groupe de Coppet, actes du 2e Congrés de Lausanne a l'occasion du 150e anniversaire de la mort de Benjamin Constant et du troisiéme colloque de Coppet, 15~19 juillet. 1980. Ed. by Etienne Hofmann. Oxford, Voltaire Fou wsanne, Institut Ben- jamin Constant, 1982. 573 p- 501 The most relevant papers to S. are list- ed separately. See 551, 567, 596, 618. Reviews: S. Balayé in CST 31—32:134— Cordié in SF °81:570-71, Fairlie in FS 37:469-70, 1983; Wood in MLR 79:193-95, 1984- Convegno internazionale su Madame de Staél e il suo Pisa, 1967. RLMC: Sept. Dec., 1 Publishes 1 5 papers of which 2 are ise ed separately. See 581 and 614. EU 693~94:1987. 120 p. 503 Special issue devoted to S. Includes 10 articles, book reviews and chronology. See 545» 546, 555, 585- Le Groupe de Coppet, Actes et documents du deuxiéme colloque de Coppet 10-13 juillet 1974. Geneva, Slatkine/Paris, Champion, 1977- 529 P- 504 20 essays dealing with the redefinition of the Group and its philosophical, scien- tific and esthetic ideas: important essays on Kantism, biological thought, illumin- ism, theater, Romantic irony, theory of language, as well as an extensive list of guests and correspondents. Essential con- tributions are listed separately. See 574, 586, 588, 589, 616. Le Groupe de Coppet et I’Allemagne, actes du Colloque au Goethe Institut, 10-11 mai 1985. Pref. by Simone Balayé and Erika Tunner. CST 37:1985-86. 133 p. 505 Contains 6 essays on S.'s interpretation of German literature and its dissemina- tion, Valuable comparative studies by Kurt Mueller-Vollmer (Humboldt), and Georges Solovieff (Wilhelm Schlegel), as well as a study on reception of De Al- lemagne in Germany by Monika Bosse. Le Groupe de et la Revolution fran- gaise. Actes du quatritme Colloque de Coppet 20-23 juillet 1988. Ed. by Etienne Hofmann and Anne-Lise Delacrétaz. ABC 8-9:1988. 340 p. 506 Contains 13 valuable papers on S. some of which are listed separately: see 531, 565, 571, 600, 623.image not availableimage not availableimage not availableGERMAINE DE STAEL 59 mounted by the Machiavellian society which distorts the truth and manipulates the young and generous protagonists. CST, 26-27:1979. 165 p. 529 Publishes 11 articles on S.’s 1st proto- feminist novel Delphine, which deal with its reception by contemporaries, in partic- ular the readings by Constant, Sismondi, Constance Cazenove d'Arlens, Meister, the ideologue Ginguené, and Maria Edgeworth. On the political use of the epistolary form in Delphine, see 530. Gutwirth, Madelyn. La Delphine de Madame de Staél: femme, révolution et mode épis- tolaire. CST 26-27:151-65, 1979. 580 Denying Pierre Fauchery’s idea that the French Revolution did not affect femi- nine destinies, the essay responds with the analysis of the decadent epistolary form used subversively by S. While she adopts the novel by letters, which tradi- tionally reflects social norms, Delphine changes it into an indictment of society by glorifying the heroine's originality and in- dependence. Essential for genre analysis. Higonnet, Margaret R. Delphine: d'une guer- re civile 4 autre. In: 506. p. 211-22. 581 Discusses the fusion of revolutionary and feminist themes; the civil war serves as a background and metaphor for social transformations in roles of men and women. Todd, Janet. Madame de Staél’s Delphine. In her: Women's friendship in literature. New York, Columbia Univ. Press, 1980. p. 226— 45- 532 Interesting. study of Delphine’s rela- tionship with Thérése and Matilde who, although preventing her from the union with Léonce, delay the self-effacement of the heroine. On the other hand, 2 older women, Mme de Vernon and Mme de Ternan, manipulate Delphine’s love for them. See also: 512, 522, 525, 556 Corinne Balayé, Simone. Corinne et la ville italienne ou Fespace extérieur et limpasse intérieure. In: Mélanges a la mémoire de Franco Si- mone. France et Italie dans la culture euro- péenne. Geneva, Slatkine, 1984. p. 33-50. 533 An indispensable study of S.’s poetics of space, this analysis shows how the Ro- man itineraries and the corpus of travel through Italy progressively reveal the im- possible union between Corinne and her English lover. ——. Corinne ou le chant du cygne. In: Themes et figures du siécle des Lumiéres. Mélanges offerts a Roland Mortier. Ed. by Raymond Trousson. Geneva, Dro, 1980. P. 45-58. Lyrically written analysis of the syle qualities of Corinne predestinated to re- vive the city in decline. Contains an ex- haustive discussion of the integration of Roman monuments into the text. -. Fonction romanesque de la musique et des sons dans Corinne. RO 3:17- Be 1972. 535 Indispensable for S.’s poetics. Discusses not only the progressive enrichment of the narratives by musical elements: from silence to triumphal festivities at the Cap- itole, the tarantella, or a grandiose Mis- erere at the Sixtine Chapel, but also S.’s religious appreciation of music as an eter- nal escape. . Pour une lecture politique de Co- rine. In: 500. p. 7-16. 536 The originality of Corinne as the novel Of riaogiments reveals itaelf more clearly through a comparison of the tentions of Dae and De lone . Du_ sens romanesque de quelques ceuvres dant dans Corinne de Mme de Staél. In: Littératures. Mélanges offerts & ‘André Monchoux. Annales publics par Université de Toulouse. Le Mirai, 1979, P. 345-64. This_ most comprehensive a ot the paintings and sculptures mentioned in the novel uses the works of art to estab- lish a system of reference to the plot. These works anticipate the conflict be- tween the 2 protagonists and reappear at the end only to confirm the drama.60 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE, Blanchard, Paula. Corinne and the Yankee Corinna: Madame de Staél and Margaret Fuller. In: Woman as mediatrix. Essays on nineteenth-century European women writ- ers. Ed. by Avriel Goldberger. New York, Greenwood, 1987. p. 39-46. 538 Shows parallels and contrasts in lives of both writers and then focuses on Fuller's discussion of the relationship between gifted self-sufficient heroines and their male partners. Borowitz, Helen. The unconfessed précieuse, Mme de Staél’s debt to Mlle de Scudéry. Terpsichore and Corinne, two nineteenth- century muse portraits. See 273. p. 39-74, A powerful study tracing the possible influence of Scudéry’s self-portrait as Sappho in Cyrus on the apotheosis of Co- rinne and also revealing parallels between the use of art in S.’s novel and in the liter- ature of the “précieux” (literary portraits, art galleries of courtship and moral les- sons, and the use of the female cicerone embellishing nature with art). A con- densed version of this publication ap- peared in NCFS 11:32-59, 1982-83. Bosse, Monika. Corinne ou Iltalie: diagnostic d'un dilemme historique. In: 500. p. 83— 107. 540 Two conceptual constructs supporting the ideal of Art, “la femme spectacle” and the Nation, are condemned to failure when confronted with the “modernity” of England and its colonial expansionism, reminiscent of Bonaparte’s France. Valu- able source of information on the Ger- man sources of S.’s Italianism. Clarke, Dorothy Clotelle. An Hispanic varia- tion on a French theme: Mme de Staél, Bu- tor, Agudiez. SY 22:208-14, 1968. | 541 A short comparative study stressing the themes of travelog and transformation through the city of Rome in Corinne, La modification and Las tardes de Thérize Lamarck. Compare with 564. Daemmerich, Ingrid G. The function of the ruins motif in Madame de Staél’s Corinne. RN 15:255-58, 1973-74. Az Proves that Roman ruins reflect the dis- position of the main characters and at the same time portray the development of their fate: the gradual shift from life and preservation to a negative symbolization of decay and death. DeJean, Joan. Staél’s Corinne. The novel's other dilemma. SFR 11: 77-87, 1987. 543 Insists on the crucial place of Corinne in the history and definition of the novel. Although S.’s novel continues an 18th- century feminine sentimental tradition, it also goes beyond its predecessors by ff the plot. Criticized by the cane on, Corinne is valuable in its very inade- quacies, which prove the impossibile legit- imatization of the feminine signature in a male text. Interesting discussion of the strategic avowal in relation to the transfer of authority refused to women. . Sappho in (Napoleonic) Italy. In her: Fictions of Sappho 1546-1937. Chicago- London, Univ. of Chicago Press, 1989. p. 167-97. 544 ‘The chapter reveals S.’s contribution to the Sapphic literary tradition and her modernization of the prior Sapphic mod- els (Ovid, Barthélémy, Verri) with its strong political implications. For a more detailed discussion, see 572. Delon, Michel. Corinne et Juliette. In: 503. Pe 57-63. Comparative and provocative sty 0 ot S. and Sade, stressing the contrast. be- tween 2 journeys to Italy. Gérard, and Jean Goldzink. L’opi- nion dans Corinne. In: 503. p. 48-57. 546 Demonstrates how opinion structures not only feminine destiny but fictional writing as well, Gennari, Genevieve. Le premier voyage de Madame de Siaél en lull et la genése de Corinne. Boivin, 1947. 26 p. Dated yet still valuable source for re re- search on S.’s esthetics and Italianism. Avriel. Germaine de Staél’s Co- rinne. Challenges to the translator in the 1980s. FR 63:800-09, 1989-90. Contains a valuable comparative anal- ysis of the methodology of the trans. Co-GERMAINE DE STAEL 61 rinne. Multiplicity of its tones and styles is viewed as the major difficulty posed to a modern Anglo-Saxon translator. Gutwirth, Madelyn. Corinne et lesthétique du camée. In: 510. p. 237-45. 549 Although still controlled by the esthet- ics of cameos and friezes, typical of Em- pire art, the scene of Corinne’s crowning at the Capitol distorts the static neoclassi- cal forms through its flowing lines and shadows of the Romantic style. . Madame de Staél's debt to Phédre: Corinne. SIR 3:161~76, 1964. 550 Retraces S.’s peculiar predilection for the Racinian heroine, her qualities as ac- tress in Phédre, and her choice of young lovers always assimilated with Hippol ‘An emotional model for Corinne in desire for freedom against conventions, Phedre undergoes a Romantic transmuta- tion in S.’s novel where the dying heroine definitively rejects a reconciliation with the patriarchal order. . Du silence de Corinne et de sa_pa- role. In: 501. p. 427-34- 551 Demonstrates destructive consequences of silence in contrast to parole, sign of life and freedom. In its turning from voice to mutiny, from glorification of the impro- visor’s talents to their destruction by an unhappy private love, the novel accuses the patriarchal system of mutilating wom- en's destinies. . Woman as mediatrix: from Jean-Jacques Rousseau to Germaine de Staél. In: 538. P. 13-29. 552 Corinne, viewed as a counter character of Julie, attests the shifting in female me- diation from a restricted domestic realm to the public sphere, a modulation of S.’s earlier adulation of the Nouvelle Héloise. See 599. , Maija. Le fleuve du temps et le fleuve de Venfer: themes et images dans Corinne de Madame de Staél. NM 3-. 225-42, 391-408, 1967; 1:101-28, 1968. 553 Detailed presentation of the images and their symbolic meanings with a con- clusion on S.'s ego/cosmocentric imagina- tion, Useful and highly suggestive as an intro. to S.'s poetics, particularly her im- agery of fire. Lepschy, Laura. Madame de Staél'’s views on art in Corinne, STF 14:481-89, 1970. Thoroughly indexes art objects and de- bates on the struggle between the neo- classical and Romantic esthetics. Still valu- able for research on S.'s interest in art and her Italianism. Macherey, Pierre. Corinne philosophe. In: 503- P. 22-37. ies the paradoxical combination idualism with cosmopolit exclusivity and dispersion, as striking characteristics of Staélian fiction and of the literary theory in De U'Allemagne. Godelieve. Death and the ro- ine: Chateaubriand and de Staél. In: Pre-text, text, context. Essays on nineteenth-century French literature. Ed. by Robert L. Mitchell. Columbus, Ohio State Univ. Press, 1980. p. 79-86. 556 This study of 4 texts Atala, René, Del- phine, and Corinne reveals a fundamental difference in representations of the death of the female character and its final mes- sage. While Chateaubriand’s fiction is highly erotic, the discourse of S.’s dying heroines is of an ethical and not a sexual nature. Miller, Ni K. Performances of the gaze: Staél’s Corinne, or Italy. Jn her: Subject to change. Reading feminist writing. New York, Columbia Univ. Press, 1988. p. 162- 203. 557 Brilliant discussion in the light of new feminist interpretations of the act of gaz- ing seen as the site of crisscrossing mean- ings and the deployment of power. The essay focuses on the ambivalent desiring ze of a feminine subject which defers the authoritative and delimitating vision of patriarchy. Moers, Ellen. Madame de Staél and the wom- an of genius. AMS 44: 225-41, 1975. 558 Stresses the dramatization of the Ro- mantic ego in Corinne and the elitism of62 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE the novel, which is dismissed as a non- feminist work. For a more extensive and powerful elaboration of these ideas, see ‘559- Performing heroinism. The myth of Corinne. In her: Literary women: the great writers. New York, Doubleday. 1977, p. 173-210. Important pioneering analysis in the field of women’s studies launching a pro- ductive search for Anglo-Saxon filiations and influences of “the myth of Corinne” on Fanny Burney, George Eliot, Jane Austen, Maria Edgeworth, and many others. Valuable insights on S.’s Italia ism, Victorian Italophilia and romanti- cism in England. Interpretation limited by defensive concentration on Corinne’s “heroinism,” viewed as “juvenil Reviews: R. Blau du Plessis in JML 497-98, 1977; G. Clifford in MLR 7; 887-91, 1978; D. Grumbach in SI 2: 907-09, 1976-77. Peel, Ellen. Contradictions of form and femi- nism in Corinne ou I'Italie. ELIT 14:281— 98, 1987. 560 To show that the novel's form under- mines its feminism, the essay draws on Luce Irigaray’s concept of specularization and reveals S.’s narrative patterns as set up in response to patriarchal attitudes. Peterson, Carla. Corinne and Louis Lambert: romantic myth making. In her: The deter- mined reader: gender and culture in the novel from Napoleon to Victoria. New Brunswick, Rutgers Univ. Press, 1986. p. 37-81. 561 Reads the novel as a fictional biography where the heroine strives to fuse dualities to recover her original wholeness symbol- ized by a maternal figure. Even when the character abandons the spontaneity of oral expression to be absorbed by a male mode of writing, the unity of Corinne’s personality is achieved at the level of the narrator whose manipulation of both récit and discours overcomes the dispersion. Poulet, Georges. Corinne et Adolphe: deux romans conjugués. RHLF 78:580-96, 1978 This comparative study, based on 2 dif- ferent concepts of love and time, shows that S.’s heroine aggressively seeks love and public adulation to admire her own talents through the gaze of others, while Constant’s protagonist deplores romantic attachments and looks for independence. Consequently, Corinne stresses immediacy and the involvement in time and Adolphe's most striking characteristic is the suppres- sion of the present Principato, Aurelio. L'inscription du dialogue dang Cotinne et dans Adolphe. In: 500, p 1gi-210. This comparative study of 2 Pan narrative systems proves the unity of thought and discourse in S.’s fiction. Wilson, Clotilde. La modification, or varia- tions on a theme by Mme de Staél. RR 55:278-82, 1964. ‘This short comparative study of a 2 Italian journeys stresses the mystery of Rome seen by Oswald and Leon through the beauty of art, and the renunciation of the ideal world/love. See also: 512, 522, 523, 525, 576, 606, 607, 615, 625. Other Literary Works Monika. Zulma ou lesthétique de la Révolution, a la lumigre de Essai sur les fictions. In: 506. p. 141-61. 565 Ties .’s esthetics to the Revolution’s. Zulma’s rhetorical strategies echo those of Charlotte Corday, Marat or Madame Roland, who all refer to the feminine as- Pecs (discursive and empirical) ofthe ‘evolution. Furthermore, Zulma’s trial is identified with its semantic equivalent, both realistic and mythic, a figure of de- symbolization of the Revolution, in which antagonistic concepts intersect. Gutwirth, Madelyn. Forging a vocation: Ger- maine de Staél on fiction, power and pas- sion. BRH 86:242~54, 1983-85. Study of the essays on fiction (Essai sur les fictions) and the passions (De influence des passions) as covert expressions of revo- lutionary dismay, and as attempts to pro-GERMAINE DE STAEL 63 vide more ad sion’s excess in Kitchin, Joanna. La littérature et les femmes selon Youvrage De la littérature de Mme de Staél. In: 501. p. 401-25. 567 Affirms S. as conservative in her views on women. Detailed summary of S.’s re- flections on the paradoxical aspect of feminine destiny in the social order. In a wate paradigms of pas- fiction. powerful, civilizing and moral influence ‘over society, but are deprived, by the same society that exalts their faculties, of all means of self-affirmation. ‘Theater and Performing Arts Boschenstein, Bernard, and Mi- chaud. Un témoignage de Friedrike Braun inédit en francais: de quelques interpréta- tions théatrales de la baronne de Staél-Hol- stein, née Anne-Germaine Necker. CST 23: 3-17) 1977- Precious document on S. the actress de- scribing her in the roles of Mérope, Pal- myre, Alzire, and above all as a sensation- al Phédre. See also: 550. René. Linversion ironique: les faux comédiens. In his: Lironie roman- tique. Spectacle et jeu de Mme de Staél Gérard de Nerval. Grenoble, Presses univ. de Grenoble, 1974. p. 97-105. 569 One of the best and rarest studies of Ss work in the context of German Ro- mantic irony. Discusses Corinne in Shake- speare’s Roméo et Juliette and Gozzi’s La fille de Uair, as well as S.’s minor theatrical works. See also: 504. Daniels, Barry V. Revolution in the theater. French romantic theories of drama. West- port, Conn., Greenwood, 1983. 249 p. 570 The intro. presents De la littérature and De TA as the crucial works in the development of dramatic theories of Hugo, Constant, Vigny, and Stendhal. The chapter on S. gives the translation of excerpts from De la littérature, as well as complete chapters from De Allemagne Delon, Michel. La métaphore théatrale dans les Considérations sur la Révolution fran- 571 aise. In: 506. p. 163-73. Analysis of the theatrical metaphors used by S-observer who perceives the Revolution as giant spectacle, and S.- phi- losopher, distancing herself from events and putting the spectacle of history into perspective. Useful background on Revo- lutionary theater. Johnson-Cousin, Danielle. Une source ita- lienne inconnue du drame de Sapho (1811) par Mme de Staél: Le Awenture di Saffo, poetessa di Mitilene d’Alessandro Verri, paralléles et contrastes. SV 266:499-511, 1989. 572 Using Jean Starobinski’s psychoanalyti- cal study (634) as a suggestive framework, the essay reveals parallels with Verri's work to show how S.’s last known play mirrors her lifelong fascination with sui- cide. See also: 544. Pange, Jean de. Le theatre & Coppet. RHT 3:192-300, 1950. 573 Useful note on S.’s early interests in theater, her debut as playwrighvactess and her conception of the artist. See also 504 and 550. Rougemont, Martine de. L’activité théatrale dans le Groupe de Coppet: la dramaturgie et le jeu. In: 504. p. 263-83. 874 Important study on S.’s passion for the theater, and the originality of her dramatic style; the experimental Coppet stage is also dlecused from the perspective of its histor- ical specificity and its place in the the histo- ty of representation. See also: Danielle Jotnson-Cousin in gag, and her “La Sod &é dramatique de Madame de Staél de 1803 & 1816: essai de reconstitution et d'in- terprétation de activité dramatique du Groupe de Coppet (avec une iconographie inédite),” in SV, Fall 1991. . Pour un répertoire des roles et des représentations de Mme de Staél. CST 19:79-92, 1974- 875 Source of information on theatrical sea- sons and S.'s repertoire. Additional de- tails on the 1805-06 season are given by J-D. Candaux in CST 14:1972. Le jeu et le discours fémi-image not availableGERMAINE DE STAEL 65 Bédé, Jean-Albert. Madame de Staél, Rous- seau, et le suicide. In: 507. p. 52-70. 587 Argues that, despite the apparent evo- lution in views on suicide from the Lettres sur J.-J. Rousseau, through the novellas and Delphine, to the moderate treatise Les réflexions sur le suicide, S.'s allegiance to her initial ideas on voluntary death stays intact. See also: Starobinski in 634 and Margaret Higonnet’s pathbreaking revi- sion of his classical analysis: “Suicide as self-construction” in Germaine de Staél: crossing the borders. Rutgers Univ. Press, 1991. p. 67-97. Behler, Ernst. Kant vu par le Groupe de Cop- Prt: a formation de Vimage staeienne de ‘ant. In: 504. p. 135-67. Essential study filled with references on the background of S.’s Kantianism: Charles de Villers, the Schlegel brothers, Henry Crabb Robinson, and Constant in particular. Blaeschke, Axel. Littérature et liberté: l'en- gagement selon Madame de Staél et Ben- jamin Constant. In: 504. p. 417-35. 589 Analysis of the dialectical relationship between progress and a nation’s philo- sophical literature, as well as the writer's involvement in social action. Bonnet, Jean Claude. Le musée stalien. LIT 42:4719, 1981. Starts with multiple forms of filial ulation for Necker and gives other exai ples of S.’s esthetics of celebration with the analysis of the literary “loge.” Bowman, Frank. Mme de Staé! et 'apologéti- que romantique. In: 508. p. 157-70. 591 Brilliant analysis of the religious tend- encies in the early works, revealing the “historisme” of S.’s religion understood as a dynamic phenomenon enveloping prog- ress. Discusses the metaphysical meaning of suffering, as well as the relationship between religious experience and the sub- lime in esthetics. Caramaschi, Enzo. Le point de vue féministe dans la pensée de Mme de Staél. SRLF 12:285-352, 1973- 592 Pioneering essay on the topic. His Vol- taire, Madame de Staél, Balzac (Padua, Lis ana, 1977) contains the same article (p. 137-98). on John. Madame de Staél, Rousseau, Mary Wollstonecrafi. RN 21:ge9-39, 593 ecb a highly critical essay published in the Analytical review by Wollstonecraft who finds the Lettres sur J.-J. Rousseau uninformed and immature. Interesting comments on S.'s dual use of the term “empire” in the context of sexual domina- tion. Delon, Michel. Celui qui a vécu le plus. Lidéal de la vie intense dans le récit ro- manesque de I Emigré (1797) & Jean Sbogar (1818). RO 51:73-84, 1986. After giving the philosophical, bel - ical and aeek at back und of the ideal of intensity, shows this tendency in S.’s fiction (Zulma, Delphine, Corinne) and draws comparisons with works by Mme de Kriidener, Mme Cottin and Mme de Souza. . La Saint-Barthélémy et la Terreur chez Mme de Staél et les historiens de la Révolution au XIXéme siécle. RO 31:49- 62, 1981. 595 Studies the Considérations to show the ambiguity of the parallel politics/religion as well as the contrasts and similarities be- tween the \6th-century massacre and the upheaval of the Revolution. Further an- alyzes the same analogy in works of Mi- chelet, Quinet, Hugo, and Balzac. Impor- tant contribution to S.’s historiography. ——. La théorie de énergie 4 Coppet. In: 501. p. 44151. 596 Focuses on De la littérature, De VAL lemagne and Considérations. The 18th-cen. tury concept of the Enlightenment as ra- tionality is transformed in S.'s metaphoric apparatus into energy/vitality, radiant “fo- yer de chaleur,” revealing its efficacity only in active resistance to antagonistic forces. De Man, Paul. Madame de Staél et Jean-Jacques Rousseau. PREU:35-40, Dec. ig66. 597 Studies the unity of reflection and in- spiration: “la passion réfléchissante.” So66 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE admired in Rousseau’s writing, the emo- tional involvement with a simultaneous retrospection becomes also a typical char- actersitic of S.'s critical writing on Rous- seau. See also: 552, 599, 624. it, Robert. L'Angleterre dans lceuvre de Madame de Staél. Didier, 1954. 175 p. 5 Dated but still one of a few general studies on English influences. Repetitive on disparities between original sources and Ss interpretations. Gutwirth, Madelyn. Madame de Staél and the woman question. PMLA 86:100-09, 1971. 599 Focusing on the Lettres sur J.-J. Rousseau and the ambivalences of ‘its “seconde réface,” the study reveals a paradoxical leaning on Rousseau's ideas in the for- mer, which are for S. a masculine author- ity paradigm, and her subsequent insub- ordination in the latter, rejecting Rous- seau’s conservative views on women. . Nature, cruauté et femmes immolées: les Réflexions sur le procés de la reine. In: 506. p. 121-40. 600 Study on S's maternalistic discourse pleading the cause of Marie Antoinette, with an excellent background for the dis- cussion on sexuality/maternity and_ its misogynous representations, typical for the Revolution era. , Gruffed E. Madame de Staél et la révolution francaise. Politique, Philosophie, liuérature. Nizet, 1969. 320 p. 601 Studies both the Revolution lived by S., her active involvement, mutations in her ideas, and the Revolution seen from a temporal perspective in the Considérations. Extensive discussion on the “idéologues” and their influence on S. Rich bibliogra- phy contains political journals and corre- spondence. Hamilton, James. Structural polarity in Mme de Staél’s De la litérature. FR 5:706-12, 197: 602 Detects S.’s progressive effort to syn- thesize different cultural traditions as contaminated by the use of sexual catego- ries found extensively in her analytical process. Higonnet, Madame de Staél and Schelling. COML 38:159-80, 1986. 608 Attempts to define S.’s motives in selec- tion, presentation and revisions of mate- rial ‘on Schelling in order to show her energetic search for foreign elements leading to a literary French Revolution. Johnson-Cousin, Danielle. The reception of Madame de Staél’s De I'Allemagne in North America. Proceedings of the 7th Congress of the International comparative literature association. Stuttgart, Kunst, Wissen, Erich Bieber, 1979. p. 151-57. 604 Based on detailed analysis of reviews, notices and references to De (Al that appeared in North America between 1814-90, this study documents both posi- tive and negative criticism of S.’s work, a pioneer intermediary between Germany, England and the U.S. Kristeva, Julia, Gloire, deul et écriture. RO 62:7-14, 1988. Partially sarcastic, partially wba this essay stresses S.’s desire for writing and literary fame with its 2 most strikinj components: a cult of unhappiness an melancholia. He Gall, Méatrice, Le paysage cher Mme de Staél. In: 507. p. 38-51. Traces the evolution in S.’s apprecia tion of nature from her novellas and De la littérature to Delphine and Corinne, and fi- nally in De [A and Dix années dexil, where the fusion of the inanimate with the animate is complete. The analy- sis of Corinne develops extensively the vi- tal dynamism of the novel and its descrip- tive procedures. Quotes influences on S.’s Italianism (Volney, Mme de Kridener, Schlegel, Sismondi, and Dupaty among others). See also: 554. Lipking, Lawrence. Lord Byron's secret: the school of abandonment and Aristotle's sis- ter: a poetics of abandonment. Jn his: Aban- doned women and poetic tradition. Chica- go-London, Univ. of Chicago Press, 1988. P. 32-56, 209-28. Places S.’s fiction in the Sapphic wath tion while drawing her own poetics of abandonment interpreted as the cuttin; edge of progress. Interesting analysis ofGERMAINE DE STAEL 67 the concept of “rapport,” a secret bond between author and reader. Lombard, Charles M. Mme de Staél and na- tionality in American literature. RLC 41 101-06, 1967. 608 Essential note on S.’s influence on American letters. Stresses the importance of De la littérature as encouraging the emergence of a distinct national litera- ture. Documents S.’s popularity at the Harvard campus, quotes journals and comments by Ticknor, Walsh, Everett, Channing, Margaret Fuller, and Harriet Beecher among others. See also: 604 and Kurt Mueller-Vollmer “Staél’s Germany and the beginnings of an American na- tional literature” in Germaine de Staél: crossing the borders. Rutgers Univ. Press, 1991. p. 141-58. Mason, Haydn. The way forward: Madame de Staél (1766-1817). De la littérature. In his; French writers and their society 1715~ 1800. London, Macmillan, 1982. p. 239-45. 609 De la littérature is assessed as a revolu- tionary project in its sociological dim sions marking a new date in French criti- cism. Ménard, Jean. Madame de Staél et la mu- sique. RUO 3:420-35, 1961. 610 Traces a development of S.’s musical sensitivity in Delphine, Corinne and De U'Al- lemagne. Useful background on 18th-cen- tury music and Romantic theories. Monch, Walter. Madame de Staél a la re- cherche d'un avenir de la société moderne. CST 931-16, 1969. 611 Deals with an uncommon topic: S.’s contribution to scientific thought in the areas of sociology, politics, economy, busi- ness, and mathematics. Monchoux, André. Madame de Staél inter- préte de Kant. In: 507. p. 71-84. 612 Studies exhaustively S’s critical ap- proach to Kant and its originality as compared to that of Heine, Provides background on S.’s criticism of the 18th- century French philosophers as an expla- nation for her enthusiastic reception of Kantianism. Interpretations of Kant’s losophy after her own are also discussed. See also: 588. Mortier, Roland. Mme de Staél et I'héritage des Lumiéres. In: 508. p. 129-39. 613 Searches for conciliatory elements be- tween the Enlightenment (Montesquieu, Turgot, Condorcet in particular) and ro- manticism. Typical canonic interpretation of De la littrature with references to Sainte-Beuve and Van Tieghem. . Philosophie et religion dans la pensée de Madame de Staél. Jn: 502. p. 165~76. 614 Shows how the Neckers’ liberal prot- estantism, Rousseau’s deism and the reli- gious persecutions during the Revolution, influenced S.'s liberal antidogmatic reli- gion in which desire for the infinite meets moral and political ideals. . Quelques harmonies romantiques de la ruine: Mme de Staél, Benjamin Constant, Stendhal, Lamartine. In his: La poétique des ruines en France, ses origines, ses varia- tions, de la Renaissance a Victor Hugo. Ge- neva, Droz, 1974. p. 193-210. 615 Relates the Italian journey of 1805, in search for documentation for Corinne, while stressing S’s insensitivity to the beauty of ruins when compared with great Romantics. Compare the dissenting view of Le Gall (606) and the poetics of ruins discussed by Marie-Claire Vallois in “Old idols, new subject: Germaine de Staél and romanticism,” in Germaine de Staél: crossing the borders. Rutgers Univ. Press, 1991. p. 82-97. Mueller-Vollmer, Kurt. From poetics to lin- guistics: Wilhelm von Humboldt and the romantic idea of language. In: 504. p. 195— 215. 616 Indispensable for research on S. as a philosopher of language and her role, via Fichte, Humboldt, A-W. Schlegel, and many others, in the formation of the Romantic idea of language. De (Allemagne and the article on J.M. Degérando, “Des signes et de l'art de penser, considérés dans leurs rapports mutuels” are exten- sively discussed. Naudin, Marie. Mme de Staél, précurseur de68 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE Vesthétique musicale romantique. RSH: 391-400, July—Sept. 1970. 61 This well-researched study denies S.’s lack of musical sensibility. After provi ing background on the Italianizing trends under the Consulate and the First Empire (opera) and the heritage of the Enlighten- ment, the essay shows the originality of S's concept of music’s spiritual and meta- physical properties and compares her es- thetics to the Romantic manifesto of Liszt (1835). Omacini, Lucia. Pour une typologie du dis- cours staélien: les procédés de la persua- sion. In: 501. p. 371-91. 618 Excellent close textual study on persua- sion in theoretical discourse, analyzing the modes of enunciation (personal pro- nouns and verb tenses) and the syntactic strategies (modalities of “vouloir/pouvoir/ devoir” in particular), which reveal the ty- pology of the subject. Porter, Laurence M. The emergence of a ro- mantic style from De la littérature to De VAllemagne. FLS 1:129-42, 1974. 619 Emphasizes the evolution from the ra- tional analytical style in De la littérature to the individual, intuitive analysis in De V'Al- . Studies the organization of both works, their intros. and different modal- ities of verbal and nominal assertion. Poulet, Georges. Madame de Staél. In his: Mesure de instant. Etudes sur le temps humain. Plon, 1968. p. 193-212. Celebrated analysis which uses the con- cept of time to explain the phenomenon of suffering. Existential impatience and anticipation, as well as retrospection and memories, are equally distressful in S.’s life and works. ——. La pensée critique de Mme de Staél. PREU 190:27- iso in his: La con- science critique. Cor 97}. P. 15-25. 62: In order to explain the specificity of the “cogito critique” and the “passion ré- fléchissante,” this study draws the parallel between the act of criticism and erotic ex- perience to stress the renaissance of the original text through the “souvenir affec- tif” of the critic. A celebrated analysis. Pratt, T-M. Madame de Staél and the Italian articles of 1816. CLS 4:444-54, 1985. 622 Reads the series of articles which starts with De lesprit des as encoura ing a renewal of Italian letters through studies of foreign literatures, a concealed manifesto of political emancipation. Principato, Aurelio. La tradition rhétorique et la crise révolutionnaire: latitude de Ma- dame de Staél. In: 506. p. 107-20. 623 Discusses the abuses of eloquence by revolutionary orators and the Napoleons regime openly criticized by S. as well as her myth of veracity hereby speech Should ‘be identified with the speaking subject. Essential for research on philoso- phy of language. Jean. La critique de Madame de Suc Beh JeasrJacques Rousseau, en France aprés la Révolution, 1795-1830, lectures et legend. Colin, 1972. P- 315-58. 4 The ast extensive study of S.'s views on her ideological master. . La souffrance des femmes dans la fic- tion staélienne. In: 500. p. 211-19, 625 Analyzes the persistent valorization of “dolorisme” as a symptom of an intense feminine sensibility which culminates in Sapho. Solovieff, Georges. Madame de Staél, les Schlegel et les beaur-arts en Allemagne. STF 85:28-43; 88:15-29, 1985. Presents the esthetic landscape in Ger many (painting, sculpture, architecture, music) at the moment of transition from neoclassicism to romanticism. Extensively elaborated contribution filled with refer- ences to the correspondence of S. and the Schlegels among many other documents Impressive scholarship. Sourian, Eve. Germaine de Staél and the po- sition of women in France, England and Germany. In: 538. p. 31-38. 27 For S., an intellectual woman can find happiness only in Paris. ——. Linfluence de Mme de Staél sur les premitres ceuvres de George Sand. GSS 8: 37-45, 1984-85. 628GERMAINE DE STAEL 69 Sand attacks S. but her early works show how strongly she has been influ- enced by Staél’s life and works, especially De Vinfluence des passions and Corinne. Madame de Staél et Henri Heine: les deux Allemagnes. Didier, 1974. 198 p. 629 In his De U' Allemagne (1835) Heine vehe- mently attacks S.’s work (1814), yet the views of the 2 writers are very often simi- lar and complementary in spite of strong divergences regarding German philoso- phy. Analyzes the reception of S.'s book, its originality and impact on French atti- tudes toward Germany. Reviews: A. Kappler in ARCA 11 99. 1976; F. Robello in SF 20:166, 1976: K. Weinberg in FR 68:780-81, 1974-75. . Mme de Staél and George Sand. In: 3920. p. 122-29, 630 The lives and careers of the 2 most cel- ebrated women writers of the 19th cen- tury are in many ways parallel. Starobinski, Jean. Critique et principe d’auto- rité (Madame de Staél et Rousseau). In: 510. p. 326~43. 631 Important mise au point on the new type of critical commentary based upon passion- ate admiration, a profound partici: in the “verities of feeling” and restitution of the author's presence. The Lettres sur J-J. Rousseau are considered as the inau- gural act of modern criticism. See also: 599- Le Journal de Mademoiselle Necker: réflexion et passion, CST 28:25~32, 1980. 632 The very 1st critical essay on this im- tant work revealing the ambiguity of [ove and sacrifice in $5 texts Mme de Staél et la définition de la literature, NRF:1054~59, Dec. 1966. 683 Portrays S. as a moderate Romantic re- ceptive to French and foreign traditions, who promotes an active social role for lit- erature and sees in the literary phenome- non of melancholia an element of prog- ress and modernity. . Suicide et mélancolie chez Madame de Staél. In: 508. p. 242-52. 634 Celebrated analysis of the pattern of possessive love inseparable from a need to capture and enslave one’s partners. If resisted, it leads to suicide, presented as an act of the lover’s manipulation and vengefulness. Swallow, Noreen J. The weapon of person- ality: a review of sexist criticism of Madame de Staél. ATL 8:78-82, 1982. 635 Quotes violently misogynous criticism which perpetuated the popular caricature of S. as the largest, loudest and lustiest woman in French history. Tenenbaum, Susan. Liberal heroines. Staél on the Woman question and the modern state. ABC 5:97-52, 198: 636 Shows how S’s theory of the liberal state, founded on the privileging of the private over the public sphere, enabled her to reassess woman’s social role and to claim for her sex unprecedented power in the shaping of modern political society. Literary criticism as political dis- course. HPT 1:453-73, 1980. 637 Ties esthetic theory to a typology of po- ical regimes. Viewing classical esthetics asa cultural support of “despotism” and the Romantic as incarnating the energies of a “free” society, S. and her Coppet cir- cle fashioned a cultural indictment of Napoleonic domination and championed the liberating potential of art. Montesquieu and Mme de Staél: the woman factor in political analysis. PTH 1:92-103, 1973. 638 Studies $.’s debis to Montesquieu’s the- ory on woman’s social functions as an ele- ment of stability/instability in the political system, and reveals how S. modifies it to express her own views. Viatte, Auguste. Madame de Staél et son en- tourage. In: 256, vol. 2. p. 96-131. 639 Still a useful source on mystic influ- ences. Studies, among many other habitués of Coppet: ‘Charles de Langallerie, Charles de Villers and Mme de Krii- dener. See also: 510.CHAPTER IIL BENJAMIN CONSTANT (Nos. 640-861) C.P. Courtney Bibliographies [NOTE: The most important general bibli- ographies of works by and on Constant are listed in tis section; bibliographical studies of Adolphe are listed in the section on that work. See also: 649-58, 664, 735. For a fuller list of bibliographical writings on Constant, see 641— 43 and 648.) Bibliographie analytique des écrits sur Ben- jamin Constant (1796-1980), réalisée par Brigitte Waridel, Jean-Frangoise Tiercy, Norbert Furrer et Anne-Marie Amoos, sous la direction de Etienne Hofmann. Lau- sane, Institut Benjamin-Constanv Oxford, The Voltaire Foundation, 1980. viii, $17 p. 640 Indispensable research tool, containing 1,312 entries, and 52 in the addenda, mainly from 646. Rather thin for the pe- riod up to 1830, for which see 641 and 648. Reviews: C.P. Courtney in FS 37:89-90, 1983; J.-L. Gautier in BBF 26:1224, 1981; E. Harpaz in RHLF 82:132-33, 1982; N. King in MLR 77:212, 1982. Courtney, C.P. A bibliography of editions of the writings of Benjamin Constant to 1833 London, Modern Humanities Research As- sociation, 1981. xxxiv, 267 p. (Publications of the Modern Humanities Research Asso- ciation 10) 641 Indispensable research tool. Describes all eds. of C’s writings published in his lifetime or which had been prepared for the press before his death in 1830. All first eds. and eds. of editorial significance are described in detail, shorter descrip- tions being given of speeches (Tribunat and Chambre des Députés) and official pers. Trans. are also described and the appendices include sections on the Acte constitutionnel (1815), contributions to col- 70 lective works and a list of pamphlet re- plies and writings on Constant to 1833. Systematic use is made throughout of the Archives de la librairie (Archives natio- nales), which are an authoritative source of information for the publishing history of the period, particularly with regard to the dates of printers’ declarations, “dépot légal” and the number of copies printed. Reviews: A. Anninger in PBSA 78: 512-14, 1984; JD. Cand: 157-58, 1983; N. King in MLR 79:941— 43, 1984; K. Kloocke in ZSL 93:319-22, 1983; D.K. Lowe in FS 37:88-89, 1983: D. Wood in BOC 32:234-35, 1983; A. Zielonka in NCFS 11:394~96, 1983. . A bibliography of editions of the writings of Benjamin Constant to 1833. A supplement. Cambridge, the author, 1984. 24 p and ed, (revised 1965, #3 p. snd (revised): 1986. 27 p. Includes additions and corrections to the preceding item; also includes a record f the dates of publication of the 113 numbers of MFR (to which Constant was a regular contributor) which appeared between Feb. 1818 and March 1820, based on the Archives de la librairie (Ar- chives nationales). . A guide to the published works of Benjamin Constant. Oxford, The Voltaire Foundation, 1985. xxi 3go p. (SV 230) Indispensable research tool. The a rst part is a checklist which summarizes the material in 641-42, with the addition of a — on G's contributions to news- rs and periodicals and descriptions fall works By him published up to 1985, including correspondence. The 2nd part is a chronology of C.’s published works, including speeches, to 1830.BENJAMIN CONSTANT 71 Reviews: P. Delbouille in ABC 7:101- 03, 1987; N. King in FS 41:98-99, 1987: T Unwin in BOC 36:127-28, 1987. Deguise, Pierre. Etat présent des études sur Benjamin Constant. IL 10:139~50, 1958. Useful critical account of Constant studies up to 1957; continued to 1979 in 645. Nouvel état présent des études sur Benjamin Constant. ABC 1:9-25, 1980. 645 Continuation of 644. Lowe, David K. Benjamin Constant; an anno- tated bibliography of critical editions and studies, 1946-1978. London, Grant & Cut- ler, 1979. 140 p. (Research bibliographies and checklists 26) 646 A useful bibliography, occasionally giv- ing fuller information than 640. Review: C.P. Courtney in FS 34:346, 1980. Rudler, Gustave. Bibliographic critique des ceuvres de Benjamin Constant, avec docu- ments inédits et fac-similé. Colin, 190g. 108 P. 647 Although somewhat dated, this bibli- ography (published as a companion vol. to 738). remains an indispensable work of reference, giving a detailed account of the history of C.’s papers and valuable information about mss. and printed sources. Includes a chronological list of Cis writings (early works and correspond- ence) up to Sept. 1794. Reviews: G. Lanson in RHLF 16:621— 24, 1909; A. Mathiez in ANR 2:447-49, 1909. Viredaz, Christian. Comptes rendus contem- porains et réponses aux écrits de Benjamin Constant (1787~1833). ABC 6:93133, 1986. 648 Supplement to 641-42. Periodicals, Catalogs, and Proceedings Annales Benji sociation in Constant. Organe de I'As- njamin Constant, Lausanne. 1980-. No. 1 (Revue européenne des sci- ences sociales; Cahiers Vilfredo Pareto 18, 1980). Geneva, Droz; nos. 2-5, Oxford, Voltaire Foundation; Lausanne, Institut Benjamin Constant, 1982-85; nos. 6-, Lau- sanne, Institut’ Benjamin ConstanvParis, Touzot, 1986~. 649 Publishes articles, inédits, reviews and, from vol. 3 onwards, a bibliography of re- cent publications. The more important contributions are listed separately. Benjamin Constant, 1767-1830. Lausanne, fiothéque cantonale et univ., 1967. 111 650 Catalog of the exhibition held in Lau- sanne to celebrate the bicentenary of G's birth. See the following item. Benjamin Constant. B.N., 1967. xxiv, 80 p. 651 Catalog of the exhibition held in Paris to celebrate the bicentenary of C.’s birth. This and the preceding item are impor- tant sources of information on C.’s biog- raphy, iconography and bibliography. Benjamin Constant. Actes du congrés Ben- jamin Constant (Lausanne, octobre 1967). Ed. by Pierre Cordey and Jean-Luc Seylaz. Geneva, Droz, 1968. 225, p. (Histoire des idées et critique litéraire 91) 652 Publishes 24 papers of which the most important are listed separately. Reviews: L. Cellier in RR 63:57~60, 1972; P. Ciureanu in STF 13:366-67, 1969; B. Didier in RHLF 72:319-21, 1972; M. Hobson in FS 25:96-g8, 1971; P. Moreau in RSH 35:479-80, 1970. Benjamin Constant, 1767~1830, et Lausanne. Lausanne, Association Benjamin Constant, 1980. 119 p. 653 Catalog of the exhibition held in Lau- sanne in 1980. A useful source of infor- mation on Constant and his Swiss back- ground. Benjamin Constant, Madame de Staél et le groupe de Coppet. See 501. 654 Publishes 26 papers of which the most important relevant to Constant are listed separately.72 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE Cahiers Benjamin Constant. Publication de Association des amis de Benjamin Con- stant. Lausanne, 1955~67, 655 Only 4 numbers (Dec. 1955, Aug. 1957. July 1961 and July 1967) published. Each includes a useful bibliographical section listing new publications and drawing at- tention to mss. appearing in sale catalogs. An analytical table of contents by Pierre Cordey can be found in ABC 1:209-15, 1980. EU 467: March 1968. 656 Special number devoted to Benjamin Constant and André Spire. Includes 18 articles on Constant, of which the most important are listed separately. Lettre de Zuylen. Bulletin de l'Association Belle de Zuylen-Isabelle de Charriére, 1976- (since 1983: Lettre de Zuylen et du Pontet. Bulletin de l'Association Belle de Zuylen-Isabelle de Charriére et de I’Asso- Giation suisse des amis de Madame de Char- rere). 657 Published annually in Sept., each num- ber carries articles in French, Dutch and English. Useful source of information on C’s relations with Isabelle de Charriére and on his Swiss background. Madame de Staél et Benjamin Constant. RHLF 66:1-178, 1966. 658 Special number devoted to Mme de Staél and Constant. Includes 6 articles on the latter, the most important of which are listed separately. See also: 507. See also: 821 Editions Collections and Selections INOTE: There is no ed. of Constant’s com- plete works and some of his works are avai able only in eds. published during his lifetime; for this reason the list given below includes the 1st eds. of the Cours de politique constitution- nelle (661), Discours (663), Mélanges (667), De la religion (682) and Du sme romain (687). Eds. of Adolphe which include other works (usually Le cahier rouge and Cécile) are listed in the next section.] Benjamin. L’affaire Regnault. Ed. by René Bourgeois. Publications de luniv. des langues et lettres de Grenoble, 1979. 161 p. 659 Includes Lettre a Odilon Barrot, Deuxiéme lettre a Odilon Barrot, De Uappel en calomnie, and extracts from ‘other relevant docu- ments. The 1st of these texts is a scissors- and-paste facsimile reprint of an original ed., the others a somewhat unreliable re- print. Brief intro., but no notes or de- tailed commentary. . Benjamin Constant publiciste, 1825— 1830. Ed. by Ephraim Harpaz. Paris-Ge- neva, Slatkine, 1987. 216 p. 660 Continuation of 671 and 672. Includes Crs Réflexions sur la tragédie (1929) and Souvenirs historiques (1830). Collection compléte des ouvrages publiés sur le gouvernement représentatif et la constitution actuelle de la France, for- mant une espéce de Cours de politi stitutionnelle, Plancher (vol. 4: Paris, Bé- chet afné/Rouen, Béchet fils), 1818-20. 4 vols. and ed.: Plancher (vol. 4: Paris, Bé- chet ainé/Rouen, Béchet fils), 1820 [in fact, vols, 1-3 are a reissue and vol. 4, though dated 1820, is a reprint published in 1833]. 661 This important coll., edited by the au- thor and published in 8 installments, re- prints (sometimes in abridged form) most of his political writings up to 1820, omit- ting, however, De Uesprit de conquéte et de Pusurpation and Principes de politique. In- cludes some items which are not found in modern colls. . Cours de politique constitutionnelle; ou collection des ouvrages publiés sur le gouvernement représentatif, par Benjamin Constant, avec une introduction et des notes par M. Edouard Laboulaye. Guillau- min, 1861. 2 vols. Also: 1872. 662 Important coll., which remains the full- est to date of C’'s political writings. In spite of its title, it is not a reprint of the Cours de politique of 1818-20 (661), but a general selection of texts, some of which are not to be found in more modern se- lections. Useful i times makes him excessively uncritical.BENJAMIN CONSTANT 73 . Discours de M. Benjamin Constant & la Chambre des Députés. Dupont, 1827— 28. 2 vols, Also: 1828 [in fact, vol. 2 is a reis- sue] 663 Contains 142 speeches delivered in the Chambre des Députés between April 14, 1819, and May 29, 1827. Although pub- lished with C.’s approval (and by sub- scription, for his benefit), it is not clear whether the text is reliable; somewhat dif- ferent texts of the same speeches can be found in the newspapers of the period and in the Archives parlementaires. Ecrits et discours politiques par Ben- jamin Constant. Ed: by ©. Pozzo di Borgo. Pauvert, 1964. 2 vols. Selection of C.’s political writings on interesting commentaries and notes. Reviews: P. Deguise in RR 58:200-03, 1967; P. Debouille in RLV _32:424-30, 1966; H. Perrochon in CUF 1 1966; $.S. de Sacy in QL 12:14 D. Thompson in FS 19:299-300, 196: Thompson in RSH 46:129~45, 1965. . De la force du gouvernement actuel de la France et de la nécessité de s'y rallier. Des réactions politiques. Des effets de la terreur. Ed. by Philippe Raynaud. Flam. marion, 1988. 185 p. 665 Includes useful intro. and notes. De la liberté chez les modernes. Ecrits politiques. Ed. by Marcel Gauchet. Le livre de poche, 1980. 703 p. (Le livre de poche 8346, coll. Pluriel) Includes the following works: De rape de conquéte et de Uusurpation, Principes de it -, De la liberté des anciens, Mélanges de littérature et de politique (selections). Val- uable intro, and notes. Reviews: F. Furet in NO:51, 5 16— Mélanges de litérature et de poli tique, par M. Benjamin-Constant. Pichon et Didier, 1829. xiv, 483 p. 66" Contains 20 short works, most of which had been previously published in periodi- cals. There is no modern ed. of the com- plete text. . Guvres. Ed. by Alfred Roulin [and Charles Roth]. Gallimard, 1957. 1681 p. (Bibliotheque de la Pléiade 145), Abo: 964 and 1979. The most useful selection to date, an scholarly intros. and informative notes, but unreliable text. Includes the following works: Adolphe, Le cahier rouge, Cécile, Jour- naux intimes (reprinted from 688), Frag- ments du carnet disparu, Mélanges de littéra- ture et de politique (selections), Réflexions sur la tragédie, Fragments des Mémoires de Ma- dame Récamier, De Uesprit de conquéte et de usurpation (reprinted from 662 with La- boulaye's notes, Princes de polite (also reprinted from 662), De la liberté des chures, Observations sur le discours prononct par S.E. le Ministre de UIntérieur, Discours & la Chambre des Députés (selected), and De la religion (Book 1, chapters 1-2). . De la perfectibilité de Vespéce hu- maine, Lausanne, L’age d'homme, 1967. 1g0 p. (La merveilleuse collection 6) 669 Selection of articles from Mélanges de litérature et de politique with intro. and notes by Pierre Deguise. . Recueil d'articles. Le Mercure, La Minerve et La Renommée. Ed. by Ephraim Harpaz. Geneva, Droz, 1972. 2 vols. (Tra- vaux d'histoire éthico-politique 22) 670 Reproduces in facsimile C.’s contribu- tions to Le Mercure and La Minerve, re- prints his contributions to La Renommée. Important coll., with abundant notes. Reviews: P. Deguise in FR 47:197-99, 1973-74; A. Delorme in RSY 94:398- 400, 1973: J.-R. Derré in STF 17:369-70, 1973: P Guiral in REH_ 250:546-47, 1973; N. King in FS 28:83-85, 1974; K. Rloocke in RF 85:598-601, 1973; Pellegrini in RLMC 26:141-56, 1973; R. Pouillart in LR 2791-92, 1973; M. Sa- lamin in RSU_ 23:191-94, 1973; P. Thompson in RHLF 74:512~14, 1974- ——. Recueil d’articles, 17951817. Ed. by Ephraim Ha p. (Travaux Geneva, Droz, 1978. 276 toire éthico-politique 32) 671 Reprints 71 articles from various peri- odicals of the period 1795-1817 and G's contributions to the Biographie universelle (1811-13). Informative notes, but the text is not always reliable and the attribu-74 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE tion of anonymous articles to C. is often made on flimsy evidence. Review: K. Kloocke in ZSL go:80-84, 1980. ——. Recueil d'articles, 1820-1824. Ed. by Ephraim Harpaz. Geneva, Droz, 1981. 362 p. (Travaux d'histoire éthico-politique 35) 672 Continuation of 671. Text not always reliable and some attributions to C. highly controversial. Reviews: K. Kloocke, ZSL_93:106-11, 1983; M.A. Wégimont in NCFS 10:361— 62, 1982. Individual Works Constant, Benjamin. Adolphe. Ed. by Gusta Rudler. Manchester, Imprimerie de l'univ., 1919. boxxvi, xxi, 168 p. 673 The 1st scholarly ed. of Adolphe, based on the text of the 1st ed. (London, 1816) and including, in appendices, documents which are still of interest. However, in most respects, this ed. is dated, since Rudler did not have access to the authen- tic text of the Journaux intimes (see 688) or the Lausanne ms. of Adolphe (see 677 and 678). Reviews: F. Baldensperger in RCHL 87: 328-30, 1920; A. Francois in SL:50-52, Jan. 31, 1920; E. Henriot in MFR:559- 71, July 1, 1920; D. Mornet in RHLF 43: 133-34, 1936; P. Souday in TE:g, Sept. 16, 1920. ——. Adolphe. Anecdote trouvée dans les papiers d'un inconnu. Texte établi, avec in- troduction, bibliographie, variantes, notes et, en appendice, des extraits de la corres- pondance de Benjamin Constant avec Anna Lindsay, Lettre sur Julie, De Madame de Staél et de ses ouvrages, par Jacques-Henry Bornecque. Garnier, [1955]. cxxi, 332. p- (Classiques Garnier). Reprinted: with illusts., [1g60}; revised ed.: 1968 (éd. revue et aug- meniée d'un kinéraire biographique de B Constant) Reprint of the grd ed. (1824). pases intro. and numerous appendices. Reviews: R. Coiplet in MO:7, Dec. 31, 19553 P. Deguise in FR 30:241-42, 1956— 57: C. Pellegrini in RLMC 9:76, 1956: P. Reboul in RSH 82:245-49, 1956; H. Weinrich in ASSL 195:77-78, 1958. . Adolphe. Con un’appendice di testi e documenti a cura di Carlo Cordié. Naples, Edizioni scientifiche italiane, 1963. 307 p. (Collana di letterature moderne 19) 675 Reprint of the grd ed. (1824). Valuable intro., notes, appendices, and bibliogra- shies. p Reviews: P. Ciureanu in STF 9:167-68, 1965; P. Delbouille in RLV 32:431-32, 966; A. Fairlie in MLR 61:5 19-20, 1966; B. Le Gall in RHLF 66:183-84, 1966; O. Ragusa in RR 56:224-25, 1965, ——. Adolphe. Le cahier rouge. Cécile. Marcel Arland. Ed. by Alfred Rou- lin. Gallimard, 1973. 310 p. 676 Useful ed. (reprint of the 3rd ed.), val- uable for Roulin’s commentary and notes. . Adolphe. Anecdote trouvée dans les papiers d’un inconnu. Texte établi avec une traduction, une bibliographie, des notices, des notes et les variantes des deux manu- scrits et des premigres éds. par Paul Del- bouille. Les belles lettres, 1977. 300 p. Excellent scholarly ed. Based on the grd ed. (Paris, 1824) with variants from the Lausanne and Paris mss. and from the eds. of 1816 and 1828. Informative intro., commentary and notes, full bibli- ography, and useful appendices. Reviews: A. Fairlie in FS 32:340-41, 1978; K. Kloocke in ZSL 89:88-g2, 1979. ——. Adolphe. Anecdote trouvée dans les papiers d'un inconnu. Ed. by C. ney. Oxford, Blackwell, 1989. Ixxx P. Scholarly ed. based on bibliographical principles, taking as copy-text the 1st ed. (London, 1816) rather than the 1824 ed., since the later, although allegedly revised is in fact essentially a reprint of the Pans ed, of 1816, which is isll amex ernized” and somewhat inaccurate re- rint of the original. Includes variants rom the Lausanne and Paris mss. and from other relevant early eds. Full critical and bibliographical intro.; select bibli- ography and brief notes.BENJAMIN CONSTANT 5 ——. Amélie et Germaine. Ma vie. Cécile. Ed. by Paul Delbouille. Champion, 1989. 234 p. (Les classiques francais des temy maodernes 4) 6 Useful ed., with intro., notes and vari- ants (including corrections to the text of earlier eds.). . Cécile. Ed. by Alfred Roulin. Galli- mard, 1951. 155 P- 680 Frequently reprinted. This, the 1st ed. of C’s posthumous work, is important for its detailed intro. which discusses the problem of the date of composition and describes the ms. Reviews: C. Audry in TM 69:183-84, 1951; P. Bénichou in CRT 8:1027-46, 1952; A. Girard in RHLF 52:93-96, 1952: Henriot in MO:7, June 20, 1951; P Kohler in ERA 5:93-98, vaillant in RHLF 52 legrini in RLMC 2:935~43, 1951; P. Re- boul in AUS 2:138-142, 1953; Anon. in TLS:545, Aug. 31, 1951. . De la justice politique. Traduction in- édite de Vouvrage de William Godwin: En- guity concerning poical justice and its in luence on general virtue and happiness. Ed. by Burton R. Pollin. Quebec, Les presses de I'Univ. Laval, 1972. 393 p. (Droit et science politique 5) 681 C's trans. of Godwin is here published for the 1st time, from the ms. in the B.N. Important intro., notes and appendices. Reviews: P. Thompson in RHLF 74: 514-15, 1974; A. Fairlie in FS 28:85-86, 1974; N. King in MLR 70:g06, 1975; D. Koenig in FR 47:850-51, 1974. . De la religion, considérée dans sa source, ses formes et ses développements. Bossange pére, etc. (vols. 2-3: Béchet ainé, vols. 4-5: Pichon et Didier), 1824-31. 5 vols, Alo: Leroux, Chantpie et Béchet, 1826 (vol. 1 only). Reprinted: Brussels, P.J. de Mat, 1824-34 (vols. 1-5); Brussels, Tar- lier et Voglet, 1824-27 (vols. 1-3); Pichon et Didier, 1830 (vols. 1-3). 682 There is no modern ed. of this work, on which C. worked for 40 years and which he considered his magnum opus. For selections, see 668 and 683. . De la religion, considérée dans sa source, ses formes et ses développements. Livre premier, suivi d'extraits des autres res, Ed. by Pierre Deguise. Lausanne, heque romande, 1971. 274 p. 683 Useful selections with informative in- tro. and notes. De esprit de conquéte et de usurpation. Texte de la premiére édition (1814). Ed. by Ephraim Harpaz. Paris-Ge- neva, Ressources, [1980]. 15, 208 p. (Coll. Ressources 79) 684 Facsimile reprint of the 1st ed.; useful intro. . De lesprit de conquéte et de l'usur- pation dans leurs rapports avec la civilisa- tion européenne. Ed. by Ephraim Harpaz. Garnier-Flammarion, 1986. 344 p. 685 Useful ed. with an informative intro. and notes. . Deux chapitres inédits de I'Esprit des religions (1803~1804). Des rapports de la morale avec les croyances religicuses et De intervention de Pautorité dans ce qui a rapport a la religion. Ed. by Patrice Thompson. Neuchatel, Faculté des lettres! Geneva, Droz, 1970. 250 p. (Univ. de Neu- chatel, Recueil de travaux publiés par la Faculté des lettres 33) 686 The publication of these 2 early frag- ments is accompanied by a lengthy intro. and voluminous notes which offer an elaborate (and somewhat obscure) analy- sis of the development of G’s religious ideas. Reviews: O. Pozzo di Borgo in RHLF 73:903-06, 1973: A. Kies in RBPH, 52: 215, 1974; H. Bernard-Maitre in RSY 84:400-01, 1973. Du polythéisme romain, considéré dans ses rapports avec la philosophie grecque et la religion chrétienne; ouvrage posthume de Benjamin Constant; pré- cédé d'une introduction de M.J. Matter . .. Béchet ainé, 1833. 2 vols. Also: 1842. 687 This posthumous work, which is essen- tially part of De la religion, is available only in this ed. Journaux intimes. Edition intégrale des manuscrits autographes publiée pour la premiére fois avec un index et des notes76 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE par Alfred Roulin et Charles Roth. Galli- mard, 1952. 574 p. Also: 1961; and in: 66 688 important scholarly ed. making ava able Poe tye tt dime the authentic text Excellent intro., informative notes and useful index. Reviews: P. Kohler in ERA 6:523-29, 1958; R. Lalou in PREU 2:67-69, 1952: J. Mistler in RP:133~35, Oct. 195: boul in AUS 2:138-42, 1959: S.S. de Sacy in MF 317:166-67, 1953; R. Ternois in EDN 16:8-9, 1953. ——. Mémoires inédits de B. Constant. In: J.-J. Coulmann. Réminiscences, vol. 3. Lévy, 1862-69. p. 44-56. 689 Important account of C.’s early political career dictated by him to Coulmann in 1828. Mémoires sur les Cent-Jours par Ben- jamin Constant. Ed. by O. Pozzo di Borgo. Pauvert, 1961. lii, 284 p. 690 Useful ed., with informative intro, and notes. Review: L.N. Modona in STF 6:165, 1962. . Principes de politique applicables a tous les gouvernements. Texte établi d’ap- rés les manuscrits de Lausanne et de Paris avec une introduction et des notes par Eti- enne Hofmann. Geneva, Droz, 1980. p. (Travaux d'histoire éthico-politique 34) 691 G’'s Principes de politique (1806) is here published for the 1st time. This impor- tant critical ed. is published as the znd vol. to the editor's study of C.’s political ideas (see 837) . Wallstein, tragédie en cing actes et en vers de Benjamin Constant. Edition critique publiée avec de nombreuses variantes et des documents inédits par Jean-René Derré. Les belles lettres, 1965. 262 p. (Bibliotheque de la Faculté des Lettres de Lyon 10) 692 Scholarly ed. with a good intro, and notes. Reviews: F.P. Bowman in MLR 62:343, Deguise in RR 58:224-25, 1967; ie in FS 21:253~55, 1967; LR Furst in RJ 17:218-19, 1966; G. Gol ASSL 204:317-19, 1967; W. Monch ZSL_7:289-95, 1967; A. Monchou: RLC 40:481-84, 1966; P. Thompson in RHLF 67:158-59, 1967. {Constant, Benjamin, and Isabelle de Char- rire]. Lettres de d’Arsillé fils, de Sophie Durfé et autres. In: 712, vol. g. p. 651-78. 693 For attribution of this work, probably written in 1787-88, to C. and Isabelle de Charriére, see Dennis Wood's intro. See also: 818. Deguise, Pierre. Le carnet de Benjamin Con- stant: fragments inédits. RP:g1—106, Aug. 1963. 694 Until Deguise published this authentic text from the Louvenjoul ms., the Carnet was known only from the imperfect text published by Sainte-Beuve in his Derniers raits litteraires (Didier, 1852. p. 535) and the Table générale et analytique to the Causeries du lundi, portraits de femmes et por- traits littéraires (Garnier, 1881. p. iii and 448). See also: 833 and 849. Correspondence Collections (NOTE: The present section lists the most im- portant colls. published in book form. For a fuller listing, see 643.) Cordey, Pierre. Benjamin Constant. Cent let- tres choisies et présentées par P. Cordey. Lausanne, Bibliotheque romande, 1974. 254 P. 695 Attractive anthology with intro. and notes. Includes 2 letters not previously published. Glachant, Victor. Benjamin Constant sous Voeil du guet, Plon-Nourrit, 1906. xxxix, 600 p. Also: 1931. 696 Although this is a hastily assembled miscellany, it is an important book, in- cluding 36 letters from C. to Claude Fau- riel, various letters to other correspond-image not available78 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE. Lettres de Benjamin Constant & Madame Ré- camier, 1807-1830, publiées par l'auteur des Souvenirs de Mme Récamier, Calmann- Lévy, 1882. xl, 365 p. 704 The editor, Amélie Lenormant, repro- duces the text of mss. now in the B.N. Al- though the text is not always reliable and the dating of many of the letters haphaz- ard, this ed. has not been entirely super- seded by 697. See also: 726. Lettres de Benjamin Constant a sa famille, 1775-1830, précédées d'une introduction, d'aprés des lettres et des documents inédits, par Jean-H. Menos. Savine, 1888. 598 p. Reprinted: Stock, Delamain’ et Boutellau, 1931. 705 Letters from mss. in the Bibliotheque publique et univ., Geneva. Important intro.. Has in part been superseded by 709- julie Talma & Benjamin Con- "ans pl iées avec une introduction et des notes par la baronne Constant de Rebec- aque. Plon, 1939, p. lxvi a54. 706 Important intro., but the text, pub. lished from mss. now in the Bibliothé cantonale et univ., Lausanne, is unreliable and the dating of the letters often inaccu- rate Lettres de Madame de Staél a Benjamin Con- stant publiées pour la premiére fois en original par Madame la Barone de Nolde avec une intro. et des notes par Paul L. Léon. Pref. by Gustave Rudler. Kra, 1928. 165 p- 107 This is the French version of a book originally published in English by Elisa- beth de Nolde in 1907. In the present ed. the letters (all that remains of what must have been a vast correspondence) are uublished as far as possible from the orig- inal mss. in the Marenholz archives, but some are simply retranslated from 710. Reviews: D. Mornet in RHLF 37:460, 1930; J. Prévost in NRF: 420-22, March 1, 1930. Mistler, Jean. Benjamin Constant et Madame de Staél. Lettres a un ami. Cent onze lettres inédites 2 Claude Hochet. Neuchatel, La Baconniére, 1949. 253 p- 708 Reliable text printed from mss. in the B.N.; useful intro. and some helpful an- notation. Review: R. Kemp in NL:g, Sept. 15, 1949. Roulin, Alfred and Suzanne. Benjamin et Ro- sale de Constant. Correspondance, 1786— 18go. Gallimard, 1955. xxiii, 369 p. Reliable ed., with excellent intro. al notes. Mss. in the Bibliotheque publique et univ., Geneva, and the Bibliothéque cantonale et univ., Lausanne. Adolf. Dichterprofile. Literatur- bilder aus dem neunzehnten Jahrhundert. Stutigar, “Abendheim'sche Verlagsbuch, handlung, 1879. 2 vols. 710 In vol. 2, p. 1-42: 42 letters or docu- ments (in German trans.) from Germaine and Albertine de Staél to C. from mss. in the Marenholz archives, GroB-Schwiilper, Hanover. See 707. Separate Letters (NOTE: The present section lists letters pub- lished in periodicals, monographs and as part of the correspondence of other writers. For a fuller listing, see 643.] Barante, [Claude-Antoine Brugiére], Baron de. Lettres de Benjamin Constant a Prosper de Barante. RDMi24i-7s, July 15, 19065 528-67, August 1, 1906. 36 letters to Barante, 1805-30, pub lished from Barante archives, Le Puy. See also: 717. Charriére, Isabelle de Belle de Zuylen. uvres completes. Ed. by Jean-Daniel Can- daux, C.P. Courtney, Pierre H. Dubois, Si- mone Dubois-De Bruyn, Patrice Thomp- son, Jeroom Vercruysse and Dennis Wood. Amsterdam, van Oorschot, 1974-84. 10 vols. nz Gis correspondence with Isabelle de Charrigre is published in vols. 3-6. Inform- ative notes and reliable text based on mss. in the Bibliotheque cantonale et univ., Lausanne, and Bibliotheque pub- lique et univ., Neuchatel. Constant de Rebecque, L. Lettres (de Char- lotte von Hardenberg] Benjamin Con-BENJAMIN CONSTANT 79 stant. RDM:50-79, May 1, 1934; 336-69, May 15, 1934; 605~35, June 1, 1934. 713 Includes 96 letters, with commentary, for the period 1793-1810, published from mss. now in the Bibliotheque tonale et univ., Lausanne. While the com- mentary is of some interest, the text is garbled throughout. See also: 739. Coulmann, Jean-Jacques. Réminiscences. Lévy, 1862-69, 3 vols. 74 The grd vol. contains 55 letters from C. to Coulmann, 1823-30 (mss. now in the B.N.) and a leuer from C. to Goethe. Courtney, C.P. Benjamin Constant et Natha- niel May: documents inédits. RHLF 66:162— 78, 1966. 75 Includes 7 leters from Constant to May (1816-23) from mss. now in the Bib liothéque cantonale et univ., Lausanne. Throws light on G.’s early life and the his- tory of the ms. of De la religion. . Isabelle de Charriére and the charac- ter of H.B. Constant: a false attribution. FS. 36:282-89, 1982. 716 Includes 3 letters from Marie-Gharlotte Johannot, probably written in 1785, from ‘mss. in the Bibliotheque cantonale et univ., Lausanne. Important as back- ground to a celebrated episode in Le ca- hier rouge. Deguise, Pierre. Lettres de Prosper de Ba- rante & Benjamin Constant, suivies d'addi- tions inédites aux lettres de Constant a Ba- rante. ABC 3:33-88, 1983. nz This is an important supplement to 711, including 24 letters from Barante to G. from mss. in the Biblioth@que can- tonale et univ., Lausanne, and additions to letters from Barante to Constant. Guillemin, Henri. Une correspondance in- édite de Benjamin Constant. TRO 135:57— 95, 1959. Reprinted in his: Eclaircissements. Gallimard, 1961, p. 119-60. 718 Publishes 23 letters from C. to Mme de Nassau omitted in 705. As always, Guil- lemin provides a lively commentary which, if accepted, is highly damaging to C’s char- acter. Douze leures autographes de Ben- jamin Constant. TRO 115~16:7~28, 1957. 719 Publishes 12 letters from C. to Mme de Nassau omitted (or garbled) in 7o2. Guillemin’s commentary, which is highly unfavorable to G.'s character, is extremely controversial. Hofmann, Etienne. Lettres 4 Louis-Fe et a Thérése Huber (1798-1806). CS 30°77-122, 1981 Includes, with detailed commentary, 15, leuers from C. to Ludwig Ferdinand and Therese Huber, from various sources, in- cluding mss. formerly in the Preussische Staatsbibliothek, Berlin. King, Norman, and J.-D. Candaux. La corres- pondance de Benjamin Constant et de Sis- mondi (1801—1830). ABC 1:81—172, 1980. 721 Publishes 35 letters from C. to Sismon- di and 4 letters from Sismondi to C., mainly from mss. in the Biblioteca com- munale, Pescia, and the Wedgwood ar- chives, Univ. of Keele (England). Reliable text and abundant annotation. King, Norman, and Etienne Hofmann. Les lettres de Benjamin Constant a Sieyés, avec une leure de Constant a Pictet Diodati. ABC 3:89~110, 1983. 722 Includes 8 letters to Sicyés from vari- ous sources. Reliable text and detail commentary. Kloocke, Kurt. Benjamin Constant et Mina [sic] von Gramm: documents inédits. ABC 2:81—109, 1982. 723 Important publication, including C.’s Pitces relatives a mes différends avec Madame de Constant née de Cramm and correspond- ence (1793) relating to his. separation from his 1st wife. Excellent commentary and reliable text, based on ms. copy Bibliotheque cantonale et univ., Lau- sane. Documents inédits ou peu connus de et sur Benjamin Constant. STF 25 1981. A. miscellaneous coll. of letters from various sources, mainly German, throw-80 ing light on G's relations with Ludwig Robert, Goethe and others. Ley, Francis. Bernadin de Saint-Pierre, Ma- dame de Staél, Chateaubriand, Benjamin Constant et Madame de Kriidener (d’aprés des documents inédits). Pref. by Jean Fabre. Aubier, 1967. 270 p. 725 Includes 21 letters from Constant to Mme de Kriidener (1815) and a letter from Mme de Kriidener to C. Published mainly from Russian archives. Mistler, Jean. Benjamin Constant et Mme Récamier. RDM:81-96, Sept. 1, 1950. 726 Publishes the text of 14 letters omitted in 704. Rudler, Gustave. Benjamin Constant et Phi- lippe-Albert Stapfer. Jn: Mélanges de phi- lologie, d'histoire et de littérature offerts & Joseph Vianey. Les presses francaises, 1934, p. 321-31. 727 Includes 8 letters exchanged by CG. and Stapfer between 1821 and 1826, Impor- tant in connection with the documenta- tion of G's De la religion. . Une correspondance inédite: Ben- jamin Constant et Louvet. BU 47:225-47, 1912. 728 Important article, including text of cor- respondence (1795-96) from mss. now in the Bibliotheque cantonale et univ., Lau- sanne. ———. Lettres de B. Constant a M. et Mme Degérando. BU 69:449-85, 1913. 729 Important article containing the text of letters (1814-25) now in the Bibliothéque cantonale et univ., Lausanne. Sainte-Beuve, Charles-Augustin. Benjamin Constant et Mme de Charriére, lettres in- édites. RDM:193-264, April 15, 1844. Also in (revised): liste ou Lettres écrites de Lausanne, roman par Mme de Charriére Labitte, 1845. Abo in: Sainte-Beuve. Der- niers portraits littéraires. Didier, 1852. p. 180~276; Portraits littéraires, vol. 3, velle édition, Garnier, 1864. p. uvres, vol. 2. Ed. by Maxime Leroy. Galli- mard, 1960. p. 677768, (Bie de la Pléiade) A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE While Sainte-Beuve offers a garbled text (superseded by 712), his article is of considerable historical interest, both for its interpretation of C.’s relations with Mme de Charriére (she was “la premiére marraine de ce Chérubin déja quelque peu émancipé”) and its unfavorable analysis of G's character (“Il passa sa vie a faire de la politique libérale sans estimer les hommes, a professer la religiosité sans pouvoir se donner la foi, a chercher en tout 'émotion sans atteindre a la _pas- sion”). See also: 766-68. Biographies General Studies Bastid, Paul. Benjamin Constant et sa doc- tine. Colin, 1966. 2 vols. 731 The 1st vol. of this work is a biography which offers a more or less exhaustive account of the subject in the light of research up to 1966 and information pro- vided by all available ms. material. How- ever, the absence of footnotes and refer- ences to the works or mss. consulted seriously reduces the value of the biogra- phy. Mainly a restatement of what was al- ready known, apart from the sections on Gy’s relations with Louise d’Estournelle, based on mss. in the Bibliotheque can- tonale et uniy., Lausanne. Reviews: F.B. Artz in AHR 72:993~94, 1967; M. Baude in RHLF 68:119-20, 1968; P. Clarac in IL 18:162, 1960; © Cordié in STF 11:289-96, 1967; CP. Courtney in FS 22:339-40, 1968; P. De- guise in RR 58:200~03, 1967 bouille in RLV 5. 969i P. Gu AESC 25:1410— Melchior de Molénes in RPP 771:78-79, 1966: SS. de Sacy in QL:14~15, Sept. 15-30, 1966. Cruickshank, John. Benjamin Constant. New York, Twayne, 1974. 170 p. (T.W.AS. 297) 732 Probably the best general brief intro. to C.’s life and works for English and Amer- ican readers. Pleasantly written and cov- ers all aspects of G.’s activities. Reviews: A. Fairlie in FS 29:470~71, 1975: K. Kloocke in ZSL_86:167~-68, 1976; L. Orr in FR 49:281-82, 1975; H. Verhoeff in RHLF 76:293~94, 1976.BENJAMIN CONSTANT 81 Holdheim, William W. Benjamin Constant. London, Bowes & Bowes, 1961. 126 p. 733 Excellent brief intro. to C. with some suggestive analyses, particularly of the in- trospective writings. Reviews: D. Abel in CRE 200:551-52, Lough in NQ 207:198-g99. 1962: B. Shis- sler in JAAC 21:497, 1963. Kloocke, Kurt. Benjamin Constant: une biog- raphie intellectuelle. Geneva, Droz, 1984. 374_P- (Histoire des idées et critique lit- téraire 218) 734 Essential work, including full discussion of all aspects of G's career and making use of all printed and ms. sources avail able. However, while Kloocke offers much valuable discussion, it is not always easy to see the wood for the trees and no clear pattern emerges. The book should be used with care, since it is not always factually accurate, particularly in the chronology at the end of the vol. Reviews: P. Delbouille in RBPH 58: 668-70, 1985; B.C. Fink in DS 18:457— 58, 1986; A. Poli in STF 29:186, 1985; U. Schulz-Buschhaus in RF 97:94-98, 1985; M.A. Wégimont in NCI 97. 1985; D. Wood in FS 38:468-69, 1984. Léon, Paul L. Benjamin Constant. Rieder, 1930. 100 p. 735 Useful brief survey of G’s life and writ- ings. Accompanied by 60 p. of illusts. which are of considerable iconographic interest. Excellent bibliography. Nicolson, Harold. Benjamin Constant. London, Constable, 1949. x, 290 p. 736 Pleasantly written biography which in- terprets Gs life as a “cautionary tale.” Makes use of some ms. material (from the archives of John Murry, the publisher), but in general is not factually reliable. Reviews: Anon. in TLS:428, July 1, 1949; D. Paul in LIS 41:1124, 1949. Pages, Jean-Pierre. Constam de Rebecque (Henfi-Benjamin), In: Dictionnaire de la conversation et de la lecture, vol. 16. Belin Charritre de Sévery, Mandar, 1835. p. 332-37. 2nd ed.: vol. 7, 1860. p. 349- 737 Brief sketch of Gs life by one of his closest friends and admirers which re- mains an important (and controversial) source of information. Rudler, Gustave. La jeunesse de Benjamin Constant, 1767-1794: le XVIlle siécle; utili Mme de Charriére. Colin, 1gog. 542 p. 738 Essential work which was to be contin- ued in 2 or 3 further vols., but was never completed. The Jeunesse is a brilliant biog- raphy which, though somewhat defective in the light of documents discovered since 1909, remains the starting-point for any serious research on C. Particularly valu- able for its rich documentation and im- rtant assessment of C.’s childhood and jis relations with Mme de Charriére. Also of interest for its detailed account of G's u (Lausanne, Edinburgh, Brunswick, etc). See also: 647. Reviews: P. Godet in BU 54:449-70. 1gog; G. Lanson RHLF 10:621—24, 1909; E. Rod in RH:328-52, March, 1909; G. Valette in SL:195~97, April 24, 1909. disciple du See also: the section on biographical studies of Mme de Staél, 511-19. Specialized Studies Berthoud, Dorette. La seconde Madame Ben- jamin Constant d'aprés ses lettres. Lau- sanne, Payot, 1943. 255 p- 739 Account of C.’s relations with Charlotte von Hardenberg from 1793-1830, based on their correspondence (mss. now in the Bibliotheque cantonale et univ., Lau- sanne). A useful work, but it must be used with care: transcriptions of the mss. are un- reliable and the dating of letters is conjec- ural. {William & Clara]. La vie de société dans le Pays de Vaud a la fin du dix-huitieme siécle. Lausanne, Bridel/ Paris, Fischbacher, 1g11~12. 2 vols. 740 A lively and beautifully illustrated ac- count of the Charriére de Sévery family, based on the family papers (now in the Archives cantonales vaudoises, Lausanne) which contain letters and other docu-82 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE ments relevant to C., whose mother was the sister of Catherine de Charrigre de Sévery. This book is particularly valuable for the information it gives on Juste de Constant’s marriage in 1766 to Henriette de Chandieu, on certain aspects of G's childhood and on his Lausanne back- ground. Courtney, C.P. See 715, 741 Includes a series of letters from Nathaniel May written to his family in England during the years (1780-81) when he was tutor to C. Autour de Benjamin Constant; lettres inédites de Juste de Constant a Sir Robert Murray Keith. RHLF 67:97-100, 1967. 742 Publishes 3 letters from C.’s father, dated April ‘and June 1783, and June 1784. Throws light on this early period of Crs life. . Benjamin Constant in 1817: a con- temporary pen-portrait. RLC 59:287-90, 1985. 743 Pen-portrait of C. and interesting ob- servations on his manner of working, from the papers of Augustus Lucas Hill- house (1791-1859), Yale univ. library. Benjamin Constant seen by his fa- ther: letters from Louis-Arnold-Juste to Samuel de Constant, 1780-96. FS go:276- 84, 1985. Publishes extracts from an pecs series of letters which throw light on C.’s early years and offer information sug- gesting that the traditional interpretation of the young C. given by Rudler (see 738) and others is in need of revision. . New light on Benjamin Constant: three unpublished letters from Juste de Constant to J.-B. Suard. NEO 51:10-14, 1967. 745 The g letters, dated June 1784, July and August 1787, shed new light on’ C.'s life,in Edinburgh and Paris during this period. Deguise, Pierre. Constant et Barante. Jn: 658. P- 44-62. 746 Analysis of the friendship of C. and Prosper de Barante from 1804 to 1830, based mainly on their correspondence. See also: 717. Cécile-René. La famille maternelle de Benjamin Constant. RHV 75:120-58, 1967. Important genealogical study of c 's descent from the Chandieu famly and of his relations with his maternal relatives. Godet, Philippe. Madame de Charriére et ses amis d’aprés de nombreux documents in- Edits (1740-1805). Geneva, Julien, 1908, 8 vols. Includes a chapter (vol. 1, p. a on the relations of C. and Isabelle de Charriére. Although somewhat dated, this is an important study by the author of the work that remains the standard bi- ography of Isabelle de Charriére. Hoffmann, Jochen. Jakob Mauvillon: ein Offizier und Schrifisteller im Zeitalter der biirgerlichen Emanzipationsbewegung. Ber- lin, Duncker & Humblot, 1981. 345 P- Important study containing material relevant to G.’s friendship with Mauvillon at Brunswick (1787-94). Levaillant, Maurice. Les amours de Benjamin Constant: lettres et documents avec un opuscule inédit. Hachette, 1958. 279 p. 7 Pleasantly written account of G.’s rela- tions with Marie-Charlotte Johannot, Har- riet Trevor, Jenny Pourrat, Isabelle de Charriére, 1a von Cramm, Amélie Fabri, Germaine de Staél, Anna Lindsay, Julie Talma, Charlote von Hardenberg, and Juliette Récamier. Includes the text of the Mémoires de Juliette and useful dis- cussion of sources. Reviews: C. Cordié in STF 3:276-79, 1959; P. Moreau in RHLF 60:76-79, 1960. Mortier, Roland. Isabelle de Charrigre, men- tor de Benjamin Constant. Documen- tatieblad, Werkgroep 18e Eeuw 27-29: 101-39, 1975- 751 The most authoritative study to date of the relations of C. and Isabelle de Char-BENJAMIN CONSTANT 83 rire. Mortier demonstrates that the lat- ter’s influence on C. was less negative than had hitherto been supposed. (For an important correction to this article, where a pen-portrait of C. by John Wilde is wrongly attributed to Isabelle de Char- ritre, see 716.) Rudler, Gustave. Un chapitre de la tragéd comique académique: Fes candidatures de Benjamin Constam. BU o8:29-38, 189° 202, 1920. An account, based on C. correspond ence with Suard and other academicians (1817-30), of his unsuccessful attempts to be elected to the Académie Francaise. Wood, Dennis. Constant’s Cahier rouge: new findings. FS 38:13-29, 1984 753 See the following item. . Constant in Edinburgh: eloquence and history. FS 40:151-66, 1986. 754 This and the previous item, based on thorough archival research, throw new light on the background to the Cahier rouge and offer a reassessment of certain aspects of C.’s early years. Essential arti- les. . Constant in Britain 1780-87: a provi- sional chronology. ABC 7:7-19, 1987. 755 Useful chronology incorporating the results of up-to-date research, drawing mainly on 715-16, 740-45, 753-54- General Studies Alexander, Ian W. La morale ouverte de Ben- jamin Constant. In: Studi in onore di Carlo Pellegrini. Turin, Societa editrice inter- nazonale, 1963, p. 395-410. Reprinted in: French literature and the philosophy of consciousness; phenomenological essays. Ed. by AJL. Bust. Cardiff, Univ. of Wales Press, 1984. p. 39-59- 756 Brilliant study of C.’s “morale du senti- ment.” Alexander's article is particularly valuable in that it covers the full range of C’s works in which, it is argued, there is an underlying unity. Delbouille, Paul. Benjamin Constant roman- cier. ABC 6:1—10, 1986. 757 General reflexions on the various tech- niques found in C.’s prose fiction. ‘Du Bos, Charles. Grandeur et misére de Ben- jamin Constant. Corréa, 1946. 303 p. 758 Phenome! I approach, studyiny + in detail the problem MoE “sincerity” an “individuality” in C.’s writings Important study irequently quoted by later critics. A. Girard in CRT 1:250-58, 146. Fink, Beatrice C. Benjamin Constant and the Enlightenment. Studies in eighteenth cen- tury culture. Proceedings: the American so- ciety for cighteenth-oestury studies 3:1 is 81, 1973. An analysis of C.’s “teleological fe cism”, with reference to Montesquieu, Adam Smith, Herder, Condorcet, God- win, Rousseau, and Bentham. Jeanson, Francis. Benjamin Constant ou lin- différence en liberté. TM 33:2128-53, 1948. Reprinted in his: Lignes de depart Seuil, 1963, p. 7-36. 760 Existentialist approach and study of C’'s “sincérité,” which Jeanson sees as an example of bad faith. Mortier, Roland. Constant et les lumidres. In: 656. p. 5-18. Reprinted in his: Clartés et ombres du siécle des lumiéres: études sur le XVIlle siecle littéraire. Geneva, Droz, 1969. p. 144-56. 1 Suggestive analysis of C.’s_affini with the Enlightenment and of the way in which (with some injustice to Voltaire and others) he deliberately distances himself from the thought of the 18th century. Murry, John Middleton. The conquest of death. London-New York, Nevill, 1951. 306 p. 762 English trans. of Adolphe followed by critical appraisal stressing the religious implications of the novel. Often referred to because of Murry's status as a critic and man of letters. Oliver, Andrew. Benjamin Constant: écriture et conquéte du moi. Minard, 1970. 284 p. (Situation 24) A study of “les rapports entre le moi existentiel de Constant et oeuvre lit-84 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE téraire,” offering detailed analysis of the main themes of the literary works which, it is argued, reflect C.’s “moi.” Includes an examination of the narrative tech- niques used in Adolphe and Cécile, along with discussion of the problem of the con- ception and composition of these works. Concludes with a discussion of C.’s views on tragedy. Reviews: P. Ciureanu in STF 16:504- 05, 1972: A. Fairlie in FS 26:83~86, 1973; RB. Grant in FR 46:410-11, 1972; P. Delbouille in RBPH 51:673-83, 1973. Poulet, Georges. Benjamin Constant. In his: Etudes sur le temps humain, Edinburgh Univ. Press, 1949. p. 239-62. A brilliant study of the main themes of C’s writings, developed at greater length in the following item. . Benjamin Constant par lui-méme. Seuil, 1968. 187 p. (Ecrivains de toujours 78) 765 Phenomenological approach, offerin; a highly suggestive study of the themes of C's writings, particularly “li différence,” which Poulet sees charac- teristic of the beginning and end of C.’s life. The 2nd part of the book is com- posed of selections from C.'s introspecti writings. Reviews: P. de Man in CRT 25:608-23, 1969; A. Oliver in EL 3:418-21, 1970. Rudler, Gustave. Un portrait littéraire de Sainte-Beuve. Notes historiques et critiques. RHLF 12:177~202, 1905. 766 Important historically for its demon- stration that Sainte-Beuve had published a garbled text in 730 and for its rejection of the latter’s interpretation of C.’s char- acter. Sainte-Beuve, Charles-Augustin. Un dernier mot sur Benjamin Constant. RDM:479-94, Nov. 1, 1845. Re in his: Portraits con- temporains et divers. vol. 3. Didier, 1846. P. 373-92. 767 A further development of the analysis of G's character given in 730. See the fol- lowing item. . Avant propos. In: Benjamin Con- stant. Adolphe. Lévy, 1867. p. i-viii. Re- in his: Causeries du lundi, vol. 2. Garnier, 1870. p. 431-38 [and as intro. to some later eds. of Adolphe]. 768 Sainte-Beuve's comments on C., which are generally hostile (he disliked the man, and judged the works accordingly) are of more than historical interest; at least many modern critics (particularly those who admire C.) still find it necessary to “refute” Sainte-Beuve, as if his criticism were still alive. For a modern reaction to Sainte-Beuve, see Deguise (857) where a detailed analysis is offered. See also: 718— 19 and 830-31, where the Sainte-Beuve tradition is continued, with more up-to- date documentation. Violi, Carlo. Benjamin Constant: par_una storia della riscoperta: politica € religione. Rome, Gangemi, 1980. 247 p. 769 Well-informed up-to-date account of C,, offering a detailed analysis of his po- litical and religious ideas. Winkler, Markus. Décadence actuelle. Ben- jamin’ Constants Kritik der franzdsischen Aufklarung. Frankfurt Lang, 1984. 418 p (Bonner Romanische Arbeiten 20) 770 Important, well-documented study of G’'s views on the “decadence” of the En- lightenment. Reviews: B.C. Fink in DS 18:5,26, 1986; H. Hamm in ABC 6:90-92, 1986. See alo: 731-38. Adolphe [NOTE: Only a small selection of books and articles on Adolphe can be listed here; for a fuller list, see 640. The present list includes a representative number of older studies, par- ticularly those which are still frequently quot- ed by modern critics. Se also: intros. to eds. of Adolphe listed above, 673-78, and 762.) Alexander, Ian W. Benjamin Constant: ‘Adolphe. London, Arnold, 1973. 64_p. (Studies in French literature 24) ™ A. structuralist-phenomenological a proach which, however, i Free from teck- nicalities. Alexander is particularly per- ceptive when writing on “the conflict ofBENJAMIN CONSTANT 85 motives” in Adolphe and on the signifi- cance of the ending of the novel, which he sees as a “loss of Being.” Reviews: J. Cruickshank in FS 29:335~ 36, 1975; P. Delbouille in RHLF 75:847- . 1975; N. King in MLR 71:420-21, 1976. Fernand. Dans l'intimité d'Ellé- nore. RLC 6:79-114, 1926. Reprinted in his: Etudes d'histoire littéraire, 3 série. Droz, 1939. p- 159-87. 72 See the following item. . Retour a Ellénore ou légende et véri- té en histoire littéraire. RLC 17:65 1-63, 1937. 173 This and the preceding item are essen- tial sources of information on Anna Lind- say, who, Baldensperger argues, is the model on which Ellénore is based in Adolphe. Bénichou, Paul. La genése d’Adolphe. RHLF 54:332—56, 1954. Reprinted in his: L’écrivain et ses travaux. Corti, 1967. p. 91-119. 774 Important study, examining the con- ception and composition of Adolphe, its re- lations with Cécile and the autobiographi- cal elements in the novel. Blanchot, Maurice. Adolphe ou le malheur des sentiments vrais. ARCH 4:82-94, 1946. Reprinted in his: La part du feu. Gallimard, 1949. p. 229-46; trans. as: Adolphe or the misfortunes of sincerity. HOR 20:94—110, 1949; trans, as: Adolphe or the curse of real feelings. YFS 13:62~75, 1954. 715 Study of C.’s character, particularly his minture of lucidity and strong passions. Adolphe interpreted as a drama of the hu- man condition. Frequently qanned by la ter critics. Bourget, Paul. Sur esprit d’analyse dans Tamour: Adolphe. In his: Essais de psychol- ogie contemporaine. Plon, 1901. p. 27-33. 76 Bourget’s study, which is now mainly of historical interest, is frequently referred to (along with 785), as marking the begin- nings of serious interest in Adolphe as a psychological novel. Bowman, Frank Paul. Nouvelles lectures d’ Adolphe. ABC 1:27~42, 1980. m7 Useful critical survey of Adolphe criti- cism from 1968 to 1979. Charles, Michel. Adolphe ou l'inconstance. In his: Rhétorique de la lecture. Set 215-46. Detailed narratological study of the problem of reading Adolphe. Courtney, C.P. Alexander Walker and Benja- min Constant: a note on the English trans- lator of Adolphe. FS 29:137-50, 1975. Includes a biographical sket er, studies his relations with C. tion with the English trans. of Adolphe (London, 1816), and with the European re- view (1824), to which C. contributed. Benjamin Constant’s projects for a revised edition of Adolphe. FS 43:292-304, 1989. 780 According to G.’s friend Coulmann, Adolphe had been rewritten at some stage to provide the novel with a different end- ing; according to Pages, C. had originally intended to publish Adolphe and Cécile to- gether or as a single novel. The present article assesses this evidence and argues that there are grounds for taking it seri- ously. Also discussed is G's abortive plan for producing an expanded version of the novel in 2 vols. in 1824. The text of Constant’s Adolphe. FS 37:296-309, 1983. 781 A study in textual bibliography. Noting that modern eds. of Adolphe are usually based on the grd ed. (Paris, 1824), the au- thor argues that the 1st ed. (London, 1816) offers a text relatively free from printers’ house style and closer to what C. actually wrote. A brief reply, by P. Del- bouille, arguing in favor of the text of the 3rd ed., is published in FS 38:30~31, 1984. ise, Pierre. Adolphe et les Journaux in- times de Benjamin Constant: essai de mise au point. RSH 37:125~51, 1956. 782 Important article which gives an état présent of Adolphe criticism and suggests that the portrayal of love in the novel is “la somme de lexpérience de la vie de Constant.”86 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE Delbouille, Paul. Genése, structure et destin d'Adolphe. Les belles lettres, 1971. 643 p. (Bibliotheque de la Faculté de philosophie et lettres de 'Univ. de Liege 195) 788 Essential work which offers an exhaus- tive and carefully documented study of the conception, composition, publication, and reception of Adolphe along with a so- ber assessment of C.’s art as novelist. While Delbouille does not claim to have solved all the problems surrounding the conception and composition of Adolphe, he presents the reader with most of the available evidence and is fair-minded in his scrutiny of earlier critics. Useful (though incomplete) bibliography of eds. of Adolphe and excellent bibliography of secondary works. Reviews: IW. Alexander 69:415-16, 1974; J. Cruickshank in FS 28:82-83, 1974; P. Deguise in RHLF 76: 291-93, 1976; R. Frickx-Montal in RLV 38:664~65, 1972; L. Knapp in ZSL 82: 375-79 1972; M. Lehtonen in NM 74: 175-79; 1973; C. Pellegrini in RLMC 26: 151-54, 1973. Ehbrard, Jean. De Meilcour a Adolphe, ou la suite des Egarements. In: Transactions of the fifth international congress on the En- lightenment, vol. 1. Oxford, The Voltaire Foundation, 1980. p. 101-17. (SV 190) 84 in MLR Lively study, placing Adolphe in the con- text of the tradition of the 18th-century libertine novel. Faguet, Emile. Benjamin Constant. RDM: 598-639, June 1, 1888. Reprinted in his: Politiques et moralistes du XIXe siécle, 1re série. Lecéne-Oudin, 1891. p. 187-255. 1 85 General analysis of C.’s character. The article is historically important as possibly the earliest appreciation of Adolphe as a psychological novel. Fairlie, Alison. Imagination and_language; collected essays on Constant, Baudelaire, Nerval and Flaubert. Ed. by Malcolm Bow- ie. Cambridge, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1981. xiv, 479 P. 786 Essential work, containing the follow- ing chapters, originally published be- tween 1966 and 1979 as articles in peri odicals: “The art of Constant’s Adil The stylization of experien e art of Constant’s Adolphe: I. Creation of character’; “The art of —Constant’s Adolphe: UII. Structure and style"; “Con- stant romancier: le probléme de l'expres- dividu et ordre social dans onstant’s Adolphe read by Bal- zac and Nerval”; “Framework as a sugges- tive art in Constant’s Adolphe (with re- marks on its relation to Chateaubriand’s René)"; “The shaping of Adolphe: some re- marks on variants.” These articles, fre- quently quoted by later critics, offer some of the most penetrating and sensitive crit- icism to date of Adolphe, along with valu- able comments on the composition and revision of the work. France, Anatole. Benjamin Constant et le roman d’Adolphe. AMA 288-91:129-44, 1877. Reprinted in: IP 39:606-08, 1878; 42:654-57, 1878. 787 See the following item. . Benjamin Constant: Adolphe. In his: Le génie latin. Calmann-Lévy, 1917. p. 831-48 [Originally a nto. to Adolphe. Le merre, 1889.) In this and the preceding item, Anatte France offers a general analysis of dolphe, particularly of the character of the hero bad heroite and eelates the Bis to C.'s biography. Mainly of historical in- terest, showing an appreciation of Adolphe typical of the 1880s. Gonin, Eve. Le point de vue d’Eliénore. Une réécriture d’Adolphe. Pref. by Judith Robin- son. Corti, 1981. xiii, 196 p. 789 Feminist interpretation of Adolphe. Review: N. King in FS 36:477-78, 1982. Guillemin, Henri. Les secrets d’Adolphe. RP:62-82, July 1958. Reprinted in his: Edaircissements, Gallimard, 1961. p. 85-117. 790 Studies Adolphe in the context of C.'s life, particularly his relations with women, and argues that the work is written essen- tially as an exercise in self-justification. Hobson, Marian. Theme and structure in Adolphe. MLR 66:306-14, 1971. 791BENJAMIN CONSTANT 87 An exercise in narratology where it is argued (somewhat obscurely) that the novel is self-reflexive. Holdheim, William Wolfgang. Der Hohe- punkt der Liebe in Benjamin Constants Adolphe. Jn: Interpretation und Vergleich. Festschrift fiir Walter Pabst. Berlin, Schmidt, 1972. p. 108-28. Trans. as: The culmi- nation of love in Benjamin Constant's Adolphe. In his: The hermeneutic mode. Essays on time in literature and literary the- ory. Ithaca-London, Cornell Univ. Press, 1984. p. 52-81 792 Important article on the distinction be- tween narrative time and narrated time in Adolphe. Jallat, Jeannine. Adolphe, la parole et autre. LIT 2:71-88, 1 793 A highly technical linguistic analysis of Gis use of direct and indirect speech in Adolphe. See also: 807. King, Norman. Structures et stratégies d’A- dolphe. In: 501. p. 267-85. 794 Structural analysis with diagrams where Adolphe is seen as a subversive text reflect- ing the conflict between bourgeois liberal- ism and aristocratic reaction Mercken-Spaas, Godelieve. Alienation in Constant’s Adolphe: an exercise in struc- tural thei ies, Bern, Lang, 1977. 173 B 95 Structural analysis with diagrams, Monglond, André. Vies préromantiques. Les presses francaises-Les belles lettres, 1925, 288 p. 796 Includes (p. 189-288) “Clefs d’Adol- phe,” which is a reprint, with additions, of an article originally published in RP:406— May 15, 1925, and to which G. Rudler iad replied it RP-q29 +91" Nov. 15, 1925 General analysis of Adolphe as a psycho- logical novel with, as an appendix, a reply to Rudler and a reaffirmation of the the- sis that Ellénore is based on Anna Lind- say. Oliver, Andrew. Cécile et la genése d’Adol- 797 phe. RSH 48:5-28, 1967. Highly controversial and frequ quoted article which argues that and Adolphe were begun at the same time. Oliver's views are discussed by Delbouille in 783. Poulet, Benjamin Constant et le theme de labnégation. In: 652. p. 153-59. 79 Study of Adolphe as “le roman d'un acte d'abnégation”; more fully developed. in 765. Pugh, Anthony R. Adolphe et Cécile. RHLF 63:415-23, 1963. 799 Study of the connection between Adolphe and Cécile. Pugh’s conclusions, which are highly controversial, are dis- cussed by Delbouille in 783. Roth, Charles. Nouveaux fragments du brouillon autographe de B. Constant pour la Préface a la deuxiéme édition d’Adolphe. RHLEF 66:158-60, 1966. 800 Publishes, with commentary, g auto- graph fragments of the pref. to the znd ed. of Adolphe. Roulin, Alfred. Benjamin Constant et la pub- lication d’Adolphe. MF 314:469-78, 1952. 801 Well-documented account of the con- ‘eption, composition and publication of Adolphe. For discussion of Roulin’s views on this highly controversial questic 783. La seconde édition d'Adolphe. BB: 26772, 1951 802 Demonstrates that the and ed. of Ad- olphe is in fact a reissue of the 1st, with new preliminaries. Rudler, Gustave. Adolphe de Ben Con stant, Société frangaise d’éds, littéraires et techniques, 1935. 186 p. 803 Detailed study of the “biographical” sources of the novel followed by some con- sideration of bibliographical problems and the reception of Adolphe. The work, which is of historical importance, is sadly dated, not only on account of its narrow approach to Adolphe through G's biography, but also because Rudler did not have access to a re- liable ed. of the Journaie: in times.88 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE Todorov, Tzvetan. Benjamin Constant, poli- tique et amour. POET 14:485~510, 1983. 804 Starting from the pref. to the and ed. of Adolphe, Todorov asks whether any synthesis can be made of G's views on love and politics and comes to a negative conclusion. . La parole selon Constant. CRT 26:756~71, 1968. Reprinted in his: Poétique de la prose. Seuil, 1971, p. 100-17. 805 Structuralist analysis of language in Adolphe. See also: 807 Turnell, Martin. Benjamin Constant and Adolphe. /n his: The novel in France. Lon- don, Hamish Hamilton, 1950. p. 79-122. 806 Pleasantly written general intro, to Adsipbe for English readera. Useful re marks on the conflict between individual and society in the novel. Verhoeff, Han. Adolphe en parole. RHLF 7548-66, 1975. 807 Reply to 793 and 805, taken to task for lucing the novel to an interplay of signs without reference to the contexts in which these signs operate. Verhoeff, J.P. Adolphe et Constant: une étude psychocritique. Klincksieck, 1976. 136 p. (Bibliotheque frangaise et romane, série C, 56) 808 An_ exercise in psychocritique” where the mother-fixation is seen as the key to understanding the novel. Review: J. Bloch-Michel in QL:14~15, 346-47, 1976-77. Wood, Dennis. Benjamin Constant: Adolphe. Cambridge, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1987, xvii, 109 p. Useful and lively study, eclectic in its approach, combining biographical infor- mation about the author with awareness of the novel as a linguistic construction. Wood sees C.’s art in Adolphe as “the art of paradox. Other Works Balayé, Simone. Les degrés de [autobio- graphie chez Benjamin Constant. In: 654. P- 347-69. 810 Important article stressing how C., for artistic reasons, distorted real-life persons and situations in his autobiographical writings. . Madame de Staél et Madame de Mal- bée, ou Cécile, autobiographie et roman. In: 656. p. 107-15. sil Important article demonstrating that Cécile cannot be considered a literal tran- scription of “la réalité vécue.” Cordié, Carlo. I! Wallstein di Benjamin Con- stant nelle testimonianze dell'autore e di al- cuni suoi contemporanei. See 756. p. 411~ 54 812 Detailed account of the composition and reception of Wallstein (1909). Fairlie, Alison. Suggestions on the art of the novelist in Constant’s Cécile. In: Literature and society. Studies in nineteenth and twentieth century French literature pre- sented to RJ. North. Ed. by C.A. Burns. Birmingham, Goodman, 1980. p. 29-87. 813 Perceptive article on Cécile with useful remarks on C's style. Furst, Lilian R. The contours of European romanticism. London, Macmillan, 1979. xvi, 158 p. 814 Includes 2 chapters, “Benjamin Con- stant’s Wallstein” and “Two versions of Schiller’s. Wallenstein,” previously pub- lished as articles. Useful comparison of C’s play with Schiller’s Wallenstein and some interesting remarks on G's pref. which, it is argued, marks “a decisive step towards a breakthrough of Romantic dra- ma.” Girard, Alain. Benjamin Constant. In his: Le journal intime et la notion de personne. P.U.F., 1963. p. 239-88. 815 General study of G’s journal in the context of other similar works of the peri-BENJAMIN CONSTANT 89 od and analysis of G’s character in the light of his introspective writ Review: R. Kanters in RI 1965. Pabst, Walter. Cécile de Benjamin Constant: document autobiographique ou fiction lit- téraire. In: 652. p. 145-52. 816 Argues, with frequent references to the novels of the period, that Cécile is less an accurate account of C.’s personal life than a work of fiction. gs. 5-08, Jan, Patrice. Pratique de la double iro- nie chez Constant. In: 654. p. 287-304. 817 Detailed (and rather obscure) analysis different levels of irony to be found in C's works. Wood, Dennis. Isabelle de Charriére et Ben- jamin Constant: problématique d’une col- laboration. ABC 4:17-30, 1984 818 The author, elaborating on a number of articles published by him on this sub- ject, argues convincingly for the attribu- tion of the Lettres de dArsillé fils, de Sophie Durfé et autres to Benjamin Constant and Isabelle de Charriére. See 693 and 712. Politics and Political Philosophy Aguet, Jean- “Pierre. Benjamin Constant par- lementaire sous la monarchie de Juillet (juillet-décembre 1830). ABC 2:3~45, 1982. 819 Valuable detailed study of this impor- tant period of C:s political career. Asse, Eugene. Benjamin Constant et le Direc- toire. RRE 15:337-56, 433-539; 16:5- 28, 105-25, 1889. Well-documented study, still of inter- est, of this important period of G.’s ca- reer. Autour des Trois _glorieuses Strasbourg, I’Alsace et la liberté: Georges- Daniel Arnold 1780-1829, professeur & la Faculté de droit, auteur du Pfingstmontag; Benjamin Constant 1767-1830, Député de Strasbourg. Actes du colloque de Stras- bourg, mai 16-18, 1980. Strasbourg, Istra, 1830. 1981. 186 p. (Publications de la Société sa- vante d’Alsace et des régions de l'Est, coll. Recherches et documents 32) 21 Includes papers by Jean-Pierre Aguet, Etienne Hofmann and Paul Leuillot on Cis activities as député for Strasbourg (1827-0). Baelen, Jean. Benjamin Constant et Napo- léon, avec une lettre du général Catroux. Peyronnet, 1965. 248 p. 822 Useful study which parallels the lives and careers of C. and Napoleon and ex- amines their relations, particularly with reference to the period of the Hundred Days. Reviews: E. Béguin in RL 20:380-81, 1965-66; C. Cordié in STF 11:561~62, 1967. Bagge, Dominique. Les ides politiques en Tal ince sous la Restauration. P.U.F., 1952. xiv, 462 p. 82: Includes (p. 32-92) a lively chapter on C., which isa useful intro. to his political ideas. Bowman, Frank Paul. Benjamin Constant et Vhistoire. In: 654. p. 129-50. 824 Examines C.’s views on history in the light of Hayden White's structuralist anal- ysis in Metahistory (1973) and concludes that C’s writings belong to what White calls the “satirical” mode, in which the ar- guments are “contextualist,” the style and the ideology “liberal.” Cordey, Pierre. Benjamin Constant, Gaetano Filangieri et la Science de la législation. ABC 1:55~79, 1980. 825 Important, carefully documented study of the preparation, publication and re- ception of (.s Commentaire sur Pouorage de Courtney, C.P. La pensée politique de Ben- jamin Constant. In: 657. p. 31-39. 826 In this paper the author argues that C's political thought should not be di- vorced from his other works and that, throughout the full range of his writings, C. is concerned with the problem of the90 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE. relations of the individual to society. It is also argued that C. is a thinker in the tra- dition, not of Godwin and Sieyés, but of Montesquieu. Dodge, Guy Howard. Benjamin Constant’s philosophy of liberalism. A study in politics and religion. Chapel Hill, Univ. of North ca Press, 1980. xii, 194 p. 827 lating brief study which analyzes the main themes in C.’s political thought and places him in the “empirical” tradi- tion close to Montesquieu and Tocqi jue- ville Includes a highly inaccurate Dili: ography. Review: E. Harpaz in RHLF 82:127- 131, 1982. Gall, Lothar. Benjamin Constant: seine poli- tische Ideenwelt und der deutsche Vor- marz. Wiesbaden, Steiner, 1963. xii, 433 P- (Verdffentlichungen des Instituts fiir euro- paische Geschichte, Mainz, 3o) 828 A detailed study of Gs political thought seen in the light of the political situation in Germany before 1848. C. is seen here as the spokesman of “bour- geois” liberalism, a liberalism which, ac- cording to Gall, is not without seriou tellectual and practical shortcomings. Reviews: P. Angel in ERA:243~47, von Beyme in PV ; G.G. Iggers in JMH 36:457-58, 1964; H.O. Sieburg in HZ 202:144-47. 1966. Goyard-Fabre, Simone. Llidée de souve- raineté du peuple et le libéralisme pur de Benjamin Constant. RMM_ 81:289-327, 1976. 829 Essential study which offers a penetrat- ing analysis of C.’s political thought (par- ticularly his concept of sovereignty) which is examined in the light of the ideas of Hobbes, Rousseau and Kant. Guillemin, Henri. Benjamin Constant mus- eadin, 1795-1799. Gallimard, 1958. 299 p, 830 A detailed, unsympathetic study of C.' political activities between 1795 and 1799. While Guillemin’s book is important for its rich documentation and the publica- Hoffmann, Paul. Benjamin Constant critiq tion of numerous inédits, its portrayal of C. as essentially an unscrupulous parvenu interested in money and power is highly controversial. Reviews: J. Bloch-Michel in PREU 98: 62-67, 1959; F. Mauriac in FIGL:1 and 5. Jan. 31, 19) Piroué in TRO 135: 157-60, 1959; A. Rousseaux in FIGL:2, Jan. 31, 195% 24, 19593 J 87, 1959; E. Thomas, in NRF 75:516-18, 1959- . Madame de Staél, Benjamin Constant et Napoléon. Plon, 1959. ili, 210 p. 881 A continuation of the preceding item. Ephraim. L’école libérale sous la Restauration: le Mercure et la Minerve, 1817-1820. Geneva, Droz, 1968. 424 p. (Travaux d'histoire éthico-politique 16) Important study, covering C.’s activities as a journalist during the period 1817— 20. Review: P. Delbouille in RLV 35:225~ 26, 1969. . Une lettre inconnue de Benjamin Constant & Napoléon (go avril 1815). RBN 2:27-34, 1982. Publishes for the 1st time this impor- tant document from the unique coy {probably an uncorrected proof) i B.N. Informative commentary. $. Benjamin Constant and the jartman, Mary question of ministerial responsibility in France, 1814-1815. JES 6:248-61, 1976. 834 Important article which challenges the accepted view that Cs ideas on minis- terial responsibility were similar to those current in England. ue de Jean-Jacques Rousseau. RHLF 82:23- 40, 1982. 835 Essential study which argues convinc- ingly that C. misunderstood Rousseau's Contrat social and offers a detailed analysis of the fundamental differences between the two thinkers.a You have either reached 2 page thts unevalale fer vowing or reached your ievina tit for his book.92 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE. Lauris, Georges de. Benjamin Constant et les idéeslibérales. Plon-Nourrit, 1904. 295 p. Remains a useful general study, though the arrangement of chapters by themes (‘liberté personnelle,” “liberté religicuse,” etc.) is somewhat mechani Reviews: E. Rod in BU 34:449-75. 1904; G. Rudler in RHMC’ 5:579-81, 1903-04. Manent, Pierre. Aux origines du libéralisme: Benjamin Constant. (Les classiques de la liberté, X). COT 3:483-491, 1980. Review article on 666, which analyzes “Yillusion lucide” of G.'s liberalism, ie. “le gouvernement, pour étre bienfaisant, doit Edapter 3 Tévolution de la société sur les mouvements profonds de laquelle il n’a pas de prise réelle, et donc pas de droit.” Mueller-Vollmer, Kurt. Politique et esthé- tique: l'idéalisme concret de Benjamin Con- stant, Guillaume de Humboldt et Madame de Staél. In: 654. p. 453-73- 847 Important study of affinities between C., Humboldt and Mme de Staél, offering a perceptive analysis of Cs “idéalisme concret." Raynaud, Pi Un_romantique libéral: Benjamin Constant. ESP 75:49~66, 8 Review article on 666. General survey of Cs political ideas seen “non comme un simple répertoire des themes intéres- sants, mais comme une représentation épurée du déchirement dont le roman- tisme a été le témoin dans la culture euro- péenne.” Reymond, Francois. Un manifeste inédit de Benjamin Constant en faveur de !Empe- reur en 1815. ABC 5:81-93, 1985. 849 Publishes, from autograph ms. in the Archives du Ministére des relations exté- rieures, C.'s Projet de manifeste, dated June 12, 1815, Informative intro. and notes. Rolland, Patrice. Equivoques du libéralisme. A propos de Benjamin Constant. (Les clas- siques de la liberté, XIV). COT 4:411-18, 603-09, 1981. 850 Important article, which is summarized in an editorial headnote: “Patrice Rolland montre comment, confronté a lexpéri- ence de la Terreur, Benjamin Constant produit deux analyses de la liberté dont il ne fera pas la synthése: l'une écono- mique, reproduit la genése de la liberté individuelle; Vautre, politique, définit le régime de la liberté.” Thompson, Patrice. Constant et les vertus révolutionnaires. EU 467:49-62, 1968. 851 A study of C’s political ideas based on certain passages of the Principes de poli- ique (1806), particularly with regard to ie views on Mab bly and Rousseau. Thomp- son argues that C. misunderstood the relevance of classical antiquity to the pe- riod of the French revolution. Zanfarino, Antonio. La liberta dei moderni nel costituzionalismo di Benjamin Constar Milan, Guiffré, 1961. 203, p. (Pubblicazio dell'Istituto di filosofia del diritto del'Univ. di Roma 16) 852 Useful general survey of Gs political ideas. Review: C. Cordié in STF 8:169, 1964. See also: 731 Religion Barbier, Maurice. Religion et politique chez Benjamin Constant. RFSP 33:14-40, 1983. 853 Important study of the relation of C.'s ideas on religion to his moral and political philosophy. Bowman, Frank Paul. Benjamin Constant, Germany and De la religion. RF 74:77 108, 1962. Study of the development of C. ie on religion based on mss. in the Biblio- theque cantonale et univ., Lausanne. Stresses the influence on C. of German Protestant theology, a possible source of his ideas on “la révélation progressive.” . Lépisode quiétiste dans Cécile. In: 652. p. 97-108. 855 Essential article fact and fiction in C listinguishing between account in Cécile ofimage not availableimage not availableFRANCGOIS-RENE DE CHATEAUBRIAND 95 thor himself. It provides us with a final text for all of his works written by 1826 and includes works, such as Les aventures du dernier Abencérage and Moise, that had never before been published. Also of par- ticular interest is the re-publication of the Essai sur les révolutions. C. added notes, as well as a new pref. to the Essai, in which he accepted responsibility and made amends for this so-called “péché de jeunesse.” ——. Euvres completes, nouvelle édition précédée d'une étude littéraire sur Cha- teaubriand par M. Sainte-Beuve. Garnier, 1859-61. 12 vols. 871 This is the most recent and most popu- lar of all sets of C.’s complete works, con- taining all but the Mémoires doutre-tombe. It is well presented and was very useful until well into the 1960s, as modern criti- cal eds. of major works, such as Les mart- ys, had still been unavailable. There is a table of contents at the end of Vol. XII. Correspondence Castellane, comtesse J. de. Lettres de Cha- teaubriand a la comtesse de Castellane. Plon, 1927. v, 203 p. 872 Letters written between June 7 and July 21, 1826, and already published by Cordélia de Castellane’s grand-daughter in the RDP (Sept. 1 and 15, 1925). The platonic, ceremonious tone of the 83 let- ters would hardly suggest that C. and the comtesse de Castellane had just ended a torrid love affair. The editorial notes and the intro. also refrain from mentioning their relationship. Victor Giraud con- cluded, in his review of this vol., that the text of the letters had been tampered with. Levaillant, Maurice, and Emmanuel Beau de Loménie. Lettres 2 Madame Récamier. Flammarion, 1951. 571 p- 873 Many of these letters had already been known before 1951 (102 were published by Emmanuel Beau de Loménie, Lettres de Chateaubriand @ Madame Récamier, in 1927). The real interest in this publication lies in its completeness and uniform critical ap- Riberette, Gallimard, vol. paratus. Material and commentary are ar- ranged in such a fashion that even the si- lence of Mme Récamier, whose letters were destroyed by C., is made a factor in the dramatic impact of the whole. Pierre. Correspondance générale. I, 1977. 682 p. vol. Il, 1979. 408 p.; Vol. III, 1982. 553 p.: Vol. 1V, 1983. 430 p.; Vol. V, 1986. 582 p. 874 This ed. of C.’s correspondence should serve as a model for anyone attempting a comparable project. It reflects the most exhaustive and thorough methods of re- search. Riberette compiles a very detailed annotation, reflective of a massive histori- cal and biographical documentation. He bases his texts, as much as possible, on a re-examination of original mss. or photo- copies, as many reviously published let- ters had been edi sometimes rather extensively, for publication. Riberette has chosen to modernize spellings and, where needed, add punctuation. He also added the full names of recipients where C. had chosen to use merely initials or a descrip- tor. The 5 vols., published at the time of writing this commentary, cover the peri- od 1789 to 1822. A simple comparison of the 1st vol. to the corresponding time pe- riod in the Thomas ed. (see 875) reveals that Riberette has found more than twice as many letters, This ed. is a must for any serious student of of French litera~ ture, history or politics. Vol. I is also co- edited by Béatrix d'Andlau and Pierre Christophorov and has an intro. written Pierre Clarac. Reviews: F. Bassan in NCFS 1980; R. Lebégue in RHLF 78: 1978. Louis. Correspondance générale de Chateaubriand. Publiée avec intro., ind tion des sources, notes et tables doubles. Champion Vols. I and II: 1912. 403, 399 TH and 1V: 1913. 978, 400 ps wok V: 1924. 296 p. This publication was never completed as it was plagued with difficulties arising from World War I. It is far from com- plete, as is immediately evident when it is compared to 874. The unearthing of many significant letters since 1924 sug-96 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE {gests major inadequacies in Thomas’ meth- ods of research. Many errors have also arisen in his dating of numerous items. The footnotes do not in any way clarify the contents of the letters. Biographies Castries, René Marie Edmond de la Croix, duc de. Chateaubriand ou la puis- 876 In this well-written, illustrated biogra- phy, the duc de Castries recreates a por- trait of the real G. The author manages to penetrate the vanity. so often displayed y C., in order to discover a human being worthy of compassion. The biography tends to be critical but is moving and en- joyable. Reviews: G. Dethan in RHD go:173— 74, 1976; R. Judrin in NRF 48:84~85, 1976. sance du songe. Perrin, 1976. 564 p. Collas, Georges. Un cadet de Bretagne au XVille sicle: René-Auguste de Chateau- briand, comte de Combourg (1718- +786), Nizet, 1949. 272 p- The subtitle of this work summarizes succinctly the context in which Collas places C.: d’aprés des documents inédits sur la vie maritime, féodale et familiale en Bretagne au XVIIle siécle. Cai attempts to psycho- analyze the relations between C. and father. He reveals numerous affinities be- tween father and son which were con- cealed, on both sides, for reasons of pride and restraint. ——. Une famille noble pendant la révolu- la vieillesse douloureuse de Madame de Chateaubriand, d’aprés des documents inédits. Minard, 1960-62. 715 p. (Biblio theque de littérature et d'histoire 2) 878 This is a continuation of 877. This new work is a biography of C's family from the death of his father, in 1786, until the death of his mother in 1798. It constitutes a commentary on Books 4 to 12 of the Mémoires d’outre-tombe. Collas secks to fill the lacunae and silences of the memoirs, correct their errors and exaggerations, and create an accurate portrait. It is based on thorough research, a careful ex- amination of municipal and national ar- chives, as well as on the consultation of the many documents still found in the C. family residence in Combourg. At the center of this biography is the image of Mme de C. and, in her, we see a reflec- tion of the victims of the French Revolu- tion. The result is an excellent historical and sociological document on Saint-Malo and its surrounding region during the Revolution, as well as a detailed psycho- logical study of C. and his family. view: V.-L. Tapié in RSH 27:469~ 73) 1962. . Veuve d'un vivant. Céleste Buisson de la Vigne, femme de Chateaubriand, depuis son mariage jusqu’a la_réunion du ménage (1792- 1804) daprés des docu- ments inédits. Al 69-200, June "958 An interesting study of the material, ts nancial and prychological sate of young wife, whom he married at 18, dur- ing the 12 years she had to wait to be re- united with her husband. Henri. Lthomme des Mémoires doutre-tombe. Avec des fragments inédits des Mémoires. Gallimard, 1965, 336 p. This is the most comiroversial ot all the biographies written on C. Most biogra- phers focus on positive lements and eon: tribute to the image of C. “lenchanteur.” Guillemin chooses, most unusually, to demonstrate that C. was a liar, a scoun- drel, a flatterer, and an exploiter of ple and situations. He attempts to sl that C. was motivated by his never-ending financial needs, which resulted from his excessive spending on luxuries and plea- sures, although it is conceded that C. also spent a great deal on charitable institu- tons. Guillemin documents his accusa- tions with an abundance of quotations and notes. The result is an exposé not un- like that of a valet seeking to attack his master. There is one excellent chapter of 40 previously unpublished pages of the ‘Mémoires d’outre-tombe. Review: G. Vanwelkenhuyzen in RBPH 4551392, 1967. Maurois, André. René ou la vie de Chateau- briand. Grasset, 1938. 495 P- 881Painter, FRANGOIS-RENE DE CHATEAUBRIAND 97 A very skillful biography of C. There may be a certain tendency to look down slightly upon C. and not to revere him as much as some might like. What Maurois achieves is to make C. appear very human. with many foibles, but nevertheless a re- markable individual. Ormesson, Jean d’. Mon dernier réve sera pour vous. Une biographie sentimentale de Chateaubriand. Lattés, 1982. 446 p. 882. D'Ormesson seeks to demonstrate the relationship which existed between Cs emotional life, on the one hand, and his political and literary life, on the other. He points out that each stage in G's career was associated with a woman. According- ly, he bases his biography on the 6 major loves of C.’s life: Charlotte Ives, Pauline de Beaumont, Nathalie de Noailles, Ju- liete Récamier, Cordélia de Castellane, and Hortense Allart. This biography is not a traditional one, based on the piec- ing together of evidence gleaned from an exhaustive investigation of sources and laden with critical apparatus. Rather, while the biography is based on very thor- ough research and an excellent grasp of the essential C., it nevertheless presents a recreation of G's life which resembles more a novel, complete with dialogs, than a work of scholarship. The result is a very readable evocation of an era that succeeds in bringing C. and his entire period to fe. Reviews: R. Lebégue in BSC 25:77-78, 1982; M. Mohri in NRF Duncan. Chateaubriand, a bi- ography. Vol. I. The longed-for tempests, 1768-1793. London, Chatto & Windus, 197. 322 P- 883 A very well-researched biography of dealing with the first 25 years of his life. Painter does not wish to relate a mere series of events, however, but attempts to make the reader understand C, He stresses C.’s inborn response to nature and his preoccupation with the sea, the grave, travel, and exile. Painter has been challenged by reviewers for his accep- tance of Gs description of his adventures in America as truth. Other critics, such as Raymond Lebégue and Richard Switzer, have interpreted Cs alleged interview ith General Washington and his asser- on that he had travelled as far as the Ohio River as somewhat fanciful and leave some doubt as to their veracity. Reviews: C. Jordis in NRF 303: 112~ 15, 1978; W.G. Moore in LOM 17:67-72, 1978. Collected Articles Bicentenaire de Chateaubriand. Lettres mo- dernes, Minard, 1971. 222 p. 884 This anthology contains the speeches and papers given at colloquia commemo- rating the bicentenary of the birth of held “in Combourg and La Vallée-aux- loups, in 1968. Topics of significance in- clude’ Yuzura Sato's analysis of the image of Britany that permeates all of C's works; Jacques Duron's entre Armor et l'Argoat,” Breton referring to maritime Brittany, ar- ‘goat to the forests, and la comtesse d’And- lau’s study of the Druidess Velléda, of Les martyrs, in which she brings into focus the 3 themes of Brittany, the motherland, ove and death. Henry Contamine’s “De quelques scenes et personnalités _bre- tonnes au temps de Chateaubriand,” iden- tifies General de Trogoff, whom C. met in 1833 at a Carlsbad inn, Jacques Cor- bidre, former mayor of Rennes, the mar- quis de Moussaye, the comte de la Fer- ronays, the writer Ginguené and the general, baron de Pommereul. Louis Le Guillow, in his article “Chateaubriand vu par Lamennais,” demonstrates that while Lamennais condemned G.'s liberal ten- dencies, he never questioned the magic of his writing. Jean Marmier’s paper investi- gates a generation of young Breton Ro- mantics such as Elisa Mercacur, Boulay- Paty, La Morvonnais, Hippolyte Lucas, Edouard Turquety, La Villemarqué and Pitre-Chevalier, who were unabashed in their enthusiasm for C. Pierre Riberette examines persecutions of C., in 1812, which C. blamed entirely on Napoleon. Henry Contamine’s chapter is based on an investigation of the Quai d'Orsay ar- chives, in order to evaluate diplomatic postings while C. was minister. Guillaume Bertier de Sauvigny’s paper investigates G’s role in French intervention in Spain.98 A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE René de Messiéres bases his chapter on C’s role in the government of Charles X, on a letter of July 24, 1828, to Martignac, in which C. discusses the choice of Gener- al Sebastiani to lead an expedition to Mo- rea. Bernard Gagnebin’s paper investi- gates the existence of a large leather trunk which had been left_in Geneva from 1832 to 1836 and which contained material for the and part of the Mémoires doutre-tombe. Alfred Galpin's paper fo- cuses on the evolution of C.'s social and religious philosophies between 1834 and 1841. Pierre Clarac’s essay deals with C.'s Christianity between 1826 and 1830 and its influence on G.’s political action. In conclusion, Jean-Claude Berchet’s “La Nuit et les incarnations de la Sylphide” is a thematic study of nightime in works. Review: J.B. Sanders in FR 46:408-10, 1972-73- Chateaubriand. Le livre du centenaire. Ed. by Maurice Levaillant. Flammarion, 1949. 329 P. 885 This is a significant publication com- memorating the centenary of C.'s death in 1848. It includes papers by the most distinguished C. scholars of the period read during the “Journées Chateau- briand” in Nov. 1948 at the Sorbonne. The true worth of this coll. lies in the wide variety of approaches achieved by very different personalities. Pierre Clarac studies G.’s articles, brochures and pam- phlets; Georges Collas documents G.’s early years, before his trip to North America; Marie-Jeanne Durry writes of C's years after 1830; Henri Le Sa- voureux investigates C.’s temperament, imagination, passion, and boredom in or- der to demonstrate his sincerity; Maurice Levaillant writes on C.’s Mémoires d’outre- tombe; Louis Martin-Chauffier studies “Le romancier. Des Natchez 4 l'Abencéragé Pierre Moreau demonstrates the mult faceted nature of C's Christianity; Amé- dée Outrey studies G's trips to North America, Italy and the Middle East, as well as their literary ramifications; Charles Pouthas deals with C.’s 4-year stint as Minister of External Affairs and as diplo- mat; Victor Tapié investigates “Chateau- briand Thistorien”; Armand Weil writes of “La langue et le style dans les. pre- mires ceuvres (1797-1811).” Chateaubriand e VItalia. Rome, Accademia nazionale dei Lincei, 1969. 116 p. This publication contains a coll. of pa- pers commemorating the bicentennial of the birth of C. Of note are: Jean-Claude Berchet’s demonstration of ihe affinities between C's descriptive techniques and those of Lorrain and Poussin, in the re- roduction of light and atmosphere; Car- E Gordie's “Traduzioni e edizioni tallane di scritti di Chateaubriand dal 1801 a ogi”; Pierre Clarac’s “Le christianisme de Chateaubriand,” reprinted in 884; Raymond Lebégue's demonstration that Atala and Les Natchez, as well as Les martyrs and the Itinéraire, reflect C.’s adherence to classical tradition as well as his embrac- ing of new Romantic tendencies; Gi ni Macchia’s “Il mito di Chateaubriand’ Pierre Riberete’s study of C.’s activities i Rome as apprentice diplomat; and Diego Valer’s "Chateaubriand e Venezia.” Chateaubriand et Saint-Malo (Chateaubriand parmi nous). Saint-Malo, 1969. 256 p. 887 This publication contains papers read ata colloquium commemorating the bicentenary of the birth of C., held in Saint-Malo in 1968. Articles include: Francois-Claude Boodt’s study of the place circumstances and date of C's rth, as well as of his given names; Charles Dédéyan'’s examination of Mme Réca- mier’s salon and of C.’s cosmopolitan- ism; Jacques Georgel’s analysis of the code of honor which governed C.’s politi- cal activity with respect to his view of ser- vice to his king and to his love for France, and Dan Lailler’s notes on a portrait of C. by Charles-Joseph de la Celle de Cha- teaubourg in 1787. Geoffroy de la Tour du Pin Verclause’s paper focuses on the place of Combourg in the life and works of C. Raymond Lebegue’s article contin- ues his investigation of the Voyage en Amérique and of C. as a popularizer of North America. Francis Ruellan investi- gates the image of Brittany in C.’s work. Finally, Genevieve Souques studies Vel- Iéda and Celtic themes in Les martyrs, Maria Ullrichova assesses C's trip toFRANGOIS-RENE DE CHATEAUBRIAND. 99 Prague in 1833 and Jacques Vier analyzes G's eloquence. Review: R. Lebégue in BSC 14:82-83, 1971. Chateaubriand today. Proceedings of the commemoration of the bicentenary of the birth of Chateaubriand, 1968. Ed. by Rich- ard Switzer. Madison, Univ. of Wisconsin Press, 1970. 298 p. 888 This publication includes the papers given at a conference held at the Univ. of Wisconsin, Oct. 17-20, 1968. The papers represent a full range of methodologies, from the very traditional to the thematic and structural. This vol. expresses well the state of criticism on C. as it existed in 1968. The following list includes the more significant contributions: Robert Shack- Iton’s paper sums up Cs iterary debt to the 18th century by focusing on religious zeal, sexual and religious passion, and re- ligious ritual. Jean-Albert Bédé studies C. as a constitutional strategist, by analyzing his Réflexions sand his De la mo- narchie selon la Charte. Jean-Claude Ber- chet provides us with a thematic analysis of the “nuit chateaubriandesque.” Mi- chael Riffaterre’s study of the “monument imaginaire” is a structural analysis in which he sees the monument as a sign of victory over ruins. Richard Chadbourne examines the humor, of which there is a surprising amount, in C.'s memoirs. Ger- ard Storzer considers Atala and René as fictional confessions. Linda Cypres stud- ies the obsession displayed by C. with death in his memoirs. George Levitine ex- amines some unexplored aspects of the il- lusts. of Atala, comparing Girodet’s, in which the painter equated the death of Atala to that of Christ, and Hersent's, in which the artist sought to evoke the Flood, an allegory for crime, guilt and condemnation. Lorin Uffenbeck focuses ‘on the celebrated night of July 18, 1829, during which C. was involved romanti- cally with Hortense Allart de Méritens in Etampes, basing his study on the ms. of her memoirs. Richard Switzer’s paper ex- amines the prose poetry of C., demon- strating that the distinction between tradi- tional poetry and prose is not obvious in Cs writings. Priscilla P. Clark's article studies the portrait of Napoleon as it ap- pears in C.’s memoirs, and concludes that it has far greater literary interest than his- torical significance. Patricia Siegel's study demonstrates that, while C. was quite con- servative in his personal life, his political thought was more moderate, as he sought to reconcile liberals and conservatives. Charles Porter's paper, on the poetics of discontinuity in La vie de Rancé, prefig- ures his book on the same subject. Fer- nande Bassan is the ist scholar to study Gv's only tragedy, Moise, focusing on its genesis and history. Arnold Ages me- thodically indexes C.’s memoirs, with a view to identifying every reference to the “philosophes.” Kathleen O'Flaherty’s pa- per deals with the psychology of adoles- cence in the works of C. Finally, Melvin Zimmerman publishes what would be- come the entry for C. in the 18th-century cabeen” bibliography, restricting his bib- liography to those studies dealing with American and English influence on C. be- tween 1950 and 1968. Reviews: P. Christophorov in RR 63: 303-08, 1972; F. Letessier in RHLF 71: 515-17, 1971. Société Chateaubriand. Bulletin 1930: an- iene série begins; 1955: nouvelle série be- gins. 889 Published annually at Chatenay-Malabry by the Société Chateaubriand. This is an indispensable publication for all scholars of C. Significant articles analyzed below. Books Andlau, comtesse Béatrice d’. Chateaubriand et Les martyrs. Naissance d'une épopée. Corti, 1952. 341 p- Studies the penesis and the way in which the novel was transformed from a sonal, if not autobiographical, novel into an epic. Based on a discovery of the ms. which C. had given Mme de Vinti- mille. Barbéris, Pierre. A la recherche d'une écri- ture. Chateaubriand. Delarge, 1976. 742 p. 891 An important contribution to C. studies by a Marxist critic and militant commu-image not availableimage not availableimage not availableFRANGOIS-RENE DE CHATEAUBRIAND 103 predecessors. It is a carefully researched, in-depth study of C.’s inner-self and of the profound impact of religion on C.’s philosophy of history. Giraud has a ten- dency, in the 1st vol., to subordinate his study of C. to an expression of C.’s dis- taste for the Age of Reason and the French Revolution. Nouvelles études sur Chateaubriand. Essais d'histoire morale et littéraire. Hach- elte, 1912. ix, 335 P- 912 Giraud reprints numerous articles from a variety of journals. The coll. begins with a long study of the genesis of Le génie du christianisme and_ends with an important study of G's influence on the 19th cen- tury Greviund, Merete. Paysage intérieur et pay- sage extérieur dans les Mémoires d'outre- tombe. Nizet, 1968. 251 p. 913 G. often used similar passages in more than one work. Grevlund establishes the differences that exist in these passages from one work to the other. She con- cludes that much depends on context, that the passage is a pretext for an emo- tional state and is treated differently in a didactic work as opposed to its counter- part in an autobiographical work. Fur- thermore, the passages appearing in the Mémoires ‘d'outre-tombe are much richer. Nature described in these passages ap- pears much more humanized. In the 2nd part of this vol., Grevlund identifies the harmony of the self (“monde intérieur”) and the world (“monde extérieur”) as be- ing present in all versions of the passages. Reviews: M. Guggenheim in FR 44: 456-57, 1970-71; P. Moreau in RSH 34: 348-49, 1969 Hart, Charles Randall. Chateaubriand and Homer. With a study of some of the French sources of his classical information. Bal- timore, Johns Hopkins Press/Paris, P.U.F., 1928. 168 p. 914 Hart continues the study of C. and An- tiquity begun by Smead and Naylor (see 939 and 932), focusing on the way in which Homer influenced the thought and ngs of C. He concludes that, overall, Homer influenced C. more than any oth- er writer of Antiquity. Les Natchez demon- Leliévre, Michel. Chateaubriand strates more indirect than direct Homeric influence as it tended to be more pat- terned on Télémaque than on original sources. Homer's real influence is to be seen mainly in Les martyrs and Le génie du christianisme and, almost exclusively, in C's use of comparisons. Hart adds that, while C. shows himself to be a sympathet- ic and competent critic of the gentler side of Homer's style, he fails lamentably to appreciate his virile qualities. See also: 897. Lebegue, Raymond, Aspects de Chateaubri- and. Vie, voyage en Amérique, ceuvres. Ni- 2et, 1979. $52 P 915 Contains 16 articles, selected from over 50 articles written by Raymond Lebegue ‘over the years, revised and updated. Re- flects the meticulous research into the lit- erary and biographical sources of G's work which characterized Lebégue’s dis- tinguished career. Reviews: P. Riberette in RHLF 81: 1013-14, 1981; R. Switzer in NCES 9: 260-61, 1980. Lehtonen, Maija. Liexpression imagée dans Voeuvre de Chateaubriand. Helsinki, Socié- te néophilologique, 1964. 566 p. (Mémoires de la. société néophilologique de Hel- sinki 26) 916 This work has been described as one of the most thorough studies ever published on the imagery of a French writer. The 1st part deals with individual works writ- ten before 1812. The 2nd deals with all works treated collectively and compared to the Mémoires doutre-tombe. Lehtonen seeks to explain the evolution of images in the works of C. Her analysis is three- fold: genetical, determining the sources from which analogies are drawn; the- matic, identifying’ the main subjects around which they cluster; linguistic, in- vestigating the characteristic forms of the imagery. Her conclusions demonstrate clearly that C. is a writer who thinks in metaphors and comparisons. Reviews: F. Bassan in FR 39:171-72, 1965-66; R. Lebégue in BSC 8:97, 1964. lémiste. vol. I. L’écrivain de combat. L’émigré sous Je Consulat et Empire. P.U.F., 1983. 248 P. 917Leliévre is an unabashed admirer of C. and a champion of truth. He elaborates on a statement made by C. to Marcellus in which he said: “La a polémique est mon al- lure naturelle me faut toujours un adversaire, nvimporte ou.” Leliévre stud- ies C.’s agressi in this fascinating and readable study. C. claimed the right to speak the truth if it was in the best inter- ests of his homeland. Review: P. Clarac in BSC 27:102-03, 1984. Le Savoureaux, Henri. Chateaubriand. Rie- der, 1930. 108 p. (Maitre des litératures 5) 918 Le Savoureux, a medical doctor, pre- sents here a psychoanalytical profile, a character study dealing with the tempera- ment, the art, the ideas, and. the intel- ligence of C. He is the 1st medical doctor to have written on C. and have judged him favorably. The author takes issue with Joseph Bédier and other lay-psychi- atrists who see C. as a mythomaniac. The body of the text is followed by 60 well- chosen engravings. Levaillant, Maurice. Chateaubriand, prince des songes. Hachette, 1960. 240 p. 919. Essays written over a period of 4o years that deal with a common theme. An at- tempt to prove that the strengths and weaknesses of C. lay in dreams and that it is in those dreams that we find the key to his real life. The true c. is “un étre de désir et d'insatisfaction.” In this respect, the study is rather limited, even though it is written in a spirit of admiration and sympathy. Levaillant demonstrates that C. differed from his contemporaries, how- ever, by his extraordinary vitality. In lieu of a conclusion, he includes the Zaharoff lecture which he delivered at Oxford univ. in 1951. . Splendeurs, miséres et chimeres de Monsieur de Chateaubriand, d'aprés des documents inédits. Albin Michel, 1948. 355 P. 920 Much revised and enriched version of the Splendeurs et miséres de M. de Chateau- briand, d’aprés des documents inédits that Le- vaillant had published in 1922. Examines A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FRENCH LITERATURE both C.’s troubled private life and his equally tormented public life, during the years of the Restoration to prove that, be- hind the ambitions, the energy and the fi- nancial debts incurred by C., lay a myste- rious repository of dreams and memories. ‘The dreams serve to aggrandize C., the prince of dreams, at the expense of the other C., a man of action. This one-sided interpretation is unfortunate in an oth- erwise brilliant study based on C.’s unpublished correspondence with M. le Moine, who became C.’s own personal minister of finance in 1815 and served him ably until 1829. Longi, Olga. La terre et les morts dans lacuvre de Chateaubriand. Baltimore, Johns Ho} kins Univ. Press, 1934. 138 p. oh Longi attempts to analyze and define the portrayal of the homeland in C.’s works, as it is expressed in images or ref- erences to the past and to ancestral lands. After a brief history of the evolution of patriotism, from the Middle Ages to the French Revolution, Longi reveals that C.’s conception of patriotism was closely re- lated to religion. The Abencérage illus- trates well G's respect for his ancestors and his submission to the values which they represent. Their presence is symbol- ized by the Moorish cemeteries and tombs in Granada, as well as by their religion which has survived them. The outcome of the novella illustrates the influence of the past on C. in the present. This same re- spect for the past was to guide C:s pol cal career during the Restoration. Long concludes that C. was the 1st writer to ele- vate so high such musings on death and tombs andl their influence on the living. No writer had ever so extolled the charms of cemeteries and expressed their moral influence on the living. No writer had ever so poeticized death. Lynes, Carlos, Jr. Chateaubriand as a critic of French literature. Baltimore, Johns Hi kins Univ. Press, 1946. 109 p. (Studies in romantic literature and language 46) 922 Lynes establishes that C. had more in common with the century of Louis XIV than with the Age of Reason. He often exalted the 17th century over the age of the “philosophes,” in his Génie du chris-FRANGOIS-RENE DE CHATEAUBRIAND tianisme, and infused the spirit of classi- cism into the new literature of the 19th century. Lynes concludes that C. intro- duced a new quasi-Romantic interpreta- tion of 17th-century masterpieces. Maréchal-Trudel, Michéle. Chateaubriand, Byron et Venise: un mythe contesté. Nizet, 1978. 200 p. Studies the “Séjour de Venise” with a view to assessing the influence of Byron ‘on G.'s appreciation of Venice. On his first 2 trips, in 1806 and 1833, he had demonstrated little enthusiasm for that city, describing the rats, the decay and the leprosy. On his grd and final trip in 1845, the “Séjour de Venise”, he is far more itive and it has been suggested by crit- ics that he had, by 1845, read Byron's de- scriptions of ‘Venice. Maréchal-Trudel compares C.’s portrayal to the treatment of Venice in the works of Byron. Reviews: J. Dubu in BSG 16:104~05, 1978; RJ. Loy in CLS 16:176-77, 1979. Méra, G. L'esthétique de Chateaubriand: ge- nése et développement, étude psycholo- gique. Intro. by J. Lagardére. Librairie des Saints-Péres, 1913. 94 P. 924 A coll. of articles published between 1git and 1912 in La jeune fille contem- poraine. Studies the origins and evolution of C's esthetic sense. The author bases his conclusions on an examination of C's melancholy, his rather lyrical pessimism, his historical method, his emotional re- sponses to nature, and the spirit of reli- gion which he introduced into his works. Concludes that C.’s originality lies in the way he injected into literature a sense, an aura, of religion. C.’s real influence resi ed in having shown readers the art of overcoming melancholy and pain. Meta Helena. Chateaubriand and En- ish literature. Baltimore, The Johns Hop- Kins Press/Paris, P.U.F., 1925. 193 p. (The Johns Hopkins’ studies in romance litera- tures and languages 4) 925 Miller analyzes C.’s knowledge of En- glish literature and the influence of some works of English literature on C.’s own work. This study is parcularly thorough in its examination of G.'s grasp of Ossian 105, and Milton, and in its study of the critical content of the Essai sur la littérature an- glaise (1836). Miller also rectifies the unnecessarily acrimonious views of her predecessors with regard to G’s appre- ciation, imitation and trans. of Milton. Moreau, Pierre. Chateaubriand. Desclée De Brouwer, 1965. 142 p. (Les écrivains de- vant Dieu) 926 Proposes a new interpretation of the circumstances under which the Génie was written. Demonstrates that there was not one single discernible and easily defined religion in C.’s works, but several. The 1st reflects a period of upbringing in which G. was stil influenced by family and tra- dition. The and represents C.s crisis of faith and his having to make a personal choice while still a young man. The grd symbolizes a religion being put to the test. of daily experience. Moreau includes many interesting and pertinent passages from the Génie. . Chateaubriand. Hatier, 1967. 224 p. (Connaissance des lettres 46) 927 An excellent and concise 4—part study of C. The 1st part is biographical and in- cludes a listing of his works. The and part describes his ‘political leanings, his su port of the monarchy and his interest in English politics. The grd section deals it jous ideals. Moreau demon- strates that C.’s Christianity is based more on political and social concerns than on sentimental and esthetic ones. The final part is concerned with the literary merits of his works and summarizes succinctly what several generations of critics had discerned. After reading this relatively short work, the reader may come to a real understanding of the basic C. . Chateaubriand, 'homme et la vie. Le génic et les livres. Garnier, 1927. Hi, 313 p. 8 Moreau stands out as one of the great scholars of C. criticism, the 1st critic to synthesize the essential elements of C's life and to summarize and synthesize oth- er people's findings. He discovers that the glory of C. was one of the principal forces opposed to the materialism and natural-