oks Bz{ gjz[uh phph pkdb d;w/; ;e{b u e[Vhnk d/ ekbi dk ezw ;[o{

eotkT[D bJh ehsh u?fezr

w[jZbk fBtk;h s/ ;kpek ftXkfJe B/ ehsh ezw ;[o{ eoB dh wzr
phph jof;wos e"o pkdb B/ fwv v/ whb dh ehsh nuBu/sh u?fezr

wkB;k 6 d;zpo ( ;cb ;'u, ;sh; wfjsk,gzei oki{ ,okwi; fpZbk po/Nk
);akw NkfJw Bz{ pfmzvk
n?w gh phph jof;wos e"o pkdb B/ e[Vhnk d/ ekbi dk Bhj gZEo e[M wjhB/ gfjbk oZyhnk ;h fi; dk
ezw j[D sZe ;[o{ Bjh ehsk ;h fi; Bz{ b?e/ nZi phph jof;wos e"o pkdb B/ d"ok ehsk . oks ;w/ phph
jof;wos e"o pkdb B/ d;w/; gpfbe ;e{b u u?fezr ehsh s/ nfXekohnk Bz{ fejk fe fJj ezw s[ozs ukb{
ehsk ikt/. fJ; w"e/ s/ pbftzdo fz;x G{zdV oki ;Gk w?po B/ fejk fe i' nekbh ;oeko B/ fejk j? T[j
eo fdZsk j? ibdh jh fJ; e[Vhnk d/ ekbi dk ezw th ;[o{ ehsk ikt/rk. fJ; w'e/ s/ ;kpek ftXkfJe
;[yftzdo f;zx n"by s/ w[jZbk fBtk;hnk dftzdo N?e;bk,whvhnk fJzukoi byftzdo w{;k B/ wzr ehsh fe
e[Vhnk d/ ekbi d/ ezw Bz{ s[ozs ukb{ ehsk ikt/. p[Ybkvk d/ bVehnK d/ ;oekoh ;e{b fty/ nZi ;z;d w?Apo
phph jof;wos e"o pkdb B/ fwv v/ whb d/ pDkJ/ rJ/ G'iB dh nuBu/sh gVskb eoe/ ;e{b gqpzXeK Bz{ jZEk
g?oK dh gk fdZsh.ftfdnkoEhnK bJh d[gfjo d/ ykD/ bJh pDkJh rJh dkb ns/ uktbK dk ;[nkd th ufynk,
T[AM T[BQK B/ fJ; ykD/ gqsh nkgDh ;s[z;Nh th ikjo ehsh ns/ ykDk pDkT[D ;w/A ;kca ;cakJh dk yak; fynkb
oZyD dhnK jdkfJsK th fdZshnK.fJ; w"e/ T[BQK d/ Bkb fiabQk nekbh iE/ d/ gqXkB ;qH jopzs f;zx dks/tk;,
fvgNh efw;aBo ;qH oftzdo f;zx, n?;HvhHn?wH dftzdogkb fz;zx, vhHJhHUH ;aqhwsh joeztbihs e"o, fvgNh
vhHJhHUH nzfwqsgkb f;zx GZNh, fiabQk y/v nca;o ;qH do;aB f;zx G[Zbo s/ j'o nfXekoh w"i{d ;B.
fJ; w"e/ phph jof;wos e"o pkdb B/ fejk fe T[BQK dh nekbh Gkigk ;oeko B/ ftfdnkoEDK dh GbkJh
bJh pZuhnK Bz{ ;kJheb d/D dh ;ehw ukb{ ehsh idfe ftfdnkoEDK dh ;e{b ikD nkT[D dh ;wZf;nk jZb
eoB bJh S'NhnK NkNk pZ;K d/ gofwN d/D dh ;ehw th ;a[o{ ehsh ik ojh j?.fJ; s'A pknd phph pkdb B/
ftfdnkoEDK Bz{ ;ot f;Zfynk nfGnkB sfjs ;kJheb tzv/ ns/ Bkb jh fgSb/ gk;/ fwv v/ whb bJh fsnko
ehs/ ik oj/ ykD/ dh nuBu/sh u?fezr ehsh.id'A T[j ok;aB ns/ gekJ/ ik oj/ G'iB dh u?fezr eoB gj[zu rJ/ sK
T[ZE/ w"i{d ;Nkca Bz{ jZEK g?oK dh g? rJh.
phph pkdb B/ fiZE/ u"bK tkb/ gshb/ dk nkg YZeD u[Zfenk T[ZE/ T[BQK dkb tkb/ gshb/ ftZu'A nkg dkb,
e"bh ftZu gk e/ fpBQK uwu/ s' fJ; dk ikfJek fbnk ns/ fJ; dh sohca ehsh. fJ; s'A pknd T[BQK ok;aB tkb/
ewo/ ftZu ik e/ ;Nke ofi;No dh gVskb ehsh.

nekbh Gkigk ;oeko B/ gzikp dk uj[zgZyh ftek; eoe/ fto'XhnK d/ w{zj pzd
ehs/ L jof;wos pkdb
skg fpibh xoK d/ ezw ftZu j' ojh d/oh bJh e/Ado ;oeko Bz{ i[zw/tko
mfjokfJnk

p[Ybkvk, 6 d;zpo ( ;cb ;'u ,gzei oki{,okwi; fpZbk po/Nk

)L e/Ado ;oeko B/ d/;a d/ gqu{B y/so
ftZu f;ZX/ ftd/;ah fBt/;a dh nkfrnk d/D d/ w[Zd/ T[s/ d/;a nzdo j'J/ ftnkge fto'X Bz{ t/yfdnK nkgD/ g?o
fgSKj fyu bJ/ jB, go d/;a dh ;z;d ftZu fJ; w[Zd/ ekoB d; fdB ezw eki mZg ofjD bJh th :{HghHJ/
;oeko i[zw/tko j?. fJBQK ftukoK dk gqrNktk pfmzvk b'e ;Gk jbe/ s'A ;z;d w?Apo ;aqhwsh jof;wos e"o
pkdb B/ ehsk.T[j nZi jbek p[Ybkvk d/ fgzvK fty/ b'eK dhnK w[;afebK ;[BD ns/ T[BQK d/ jZb bJh ;zrs
do;aB eoB g[Zi/ j'J/ ;B.fJ; w"e/ ;aqhwsh pkdb B/ b'eK d/ fJeZm Bz{ ;zp'XB eofdnK fejk fe d/;a nzdo

eKro; ;oekoK dhnK wkVhnK BhshnK ;dek f;ayoK Bz{ S{j ojh wfjzrkJh s/ rohph ekoB g?dk j'Jh
G[Zywoh Bkb fiZE/ 25 bZy b'e G[Zywoh Bkb wo oj/ jB, T[ZE/ jh gzikp dh nekbh Gkigk ;oeko tZb'A
w[Zy wzsoh ;qH goek;a f;zx pkdb dh nrtkJh j/m rohpK dh pKj cVh rJh j? s/ 16 bZy gfotkoK Bz{ ;;s/
ok;aB dh ;j{bs fwbD eoe/ oki ftZu fJZe th e/; G[Zywoh dk ;kjwD/ BjhA nkfJnk.T[BQK fejk fe
nekbh Gkigk ;oeko B/ gzikp dk uj[zgZyh ftek; eoe/ fto'XhnK d/ w{zj pzd eo fdZs/ jB.

fJ; d"okB ;aqhwsh pkdb B/ fiZE/ jbe/ d/ fgzvK p'Vktkb, j;Bg[o, p[Ybkvk, r[VZdh nkfd fgzvK fty/
eohp 40 bZy o[gJ/ d/ ftek; ekoiK bJh rqKNK d/ u?e tzv/, T[~E/fgzvK d/ ebZpK s/ gzukfJsK Bz{ y/v feZNK
tzvD dh o;w dk T[dxkNB th ehsk. fJ; s' fJbktk T[BQK e?A;o d/ wko{ o'r s'A ghVs 35 ifDnK Bz{ th
;jkfJsk ok;ah d/ u?e ;"Ag/ ns/ p[Ybkvk fty/ :zr; ;g'oN ebZp d/ ;g'oN; jkb dk BhAj gZEo th
oZfynk.fJ;/ d"okB T[BQK ;oekoh ;e{b bVehnK fty/ ;ot f;Zfynk nfGnkB sfjs ftfdnkoEDK Bz{
;kJheb tzv/ ns/ fwv v/ whb ns/ ok;aD dh gVskb th ehsh.fJ; w"e/ T[BQK d/ Bkb fiabQk gqXkB ;qH jopzs
f;zx dks/tk;, ;kpek n?wHghH ufszB f;zx ;wkT[, fJ;soh nekbh db dh fiabQk gqXkB phph eowihs e"o
pho'e/, fvgNh efw;aBo ;qH oftzdo f;zx s/ n?;Hn?;HghH ;qH ;[fozdogkb f;zx gowko ns/ j'o nfXekoh th
w"i{d ;B.

fJ; w"e/ b'e ;Gk w?Apo ;aqhwsh pkdb B/ fejk fe gzikp ftZu fizBk ftek; nekbh Gkigk ;oeko B/
fgSb/ g"D/ gzi ;kbK ftZu eotkfJnk j? T[BQK fgSb/ S/ djkfenK ftZu BjhA j'fJnk, fi; bJh j[D nkozG/
j'J/ ftek; ekoiK Bz{ B/go/ ukVQ e/ gzikp dh B[jko pdbh ikDh j? fJ; bJh nrb/ gzi ;kb w[V s'A b'e K dh
;/tk eoB dk w"ek w[Zy wzsoh ;qH goek;a f;zx pkdb Bz{ fdZsk ikt/. T[BQK fejk fe oki Bz{ tkX{ fpibh tkbk
;{pk pDkT[D bJh skg fpibh xoK dk ezw g{oh s/I ocaskoh Bkb uZb fojk j?, go fijV/ gbKNK d/ ezw
ftZu d/oh j' ojh j?, fJ; fgZS/ th e/Ado dh eKro; ;oeko dk jZE j?, feT[Afe eJh wBi{ohnK e/Ado
;oeko B/ d/DhnK j[d
z hnK jB. T[BQK fejk fe id'A fJBQK gbKNK dk ezw w[ezwb j' frnk sK oki ftZu fpibh
;;sh s/ tkX{ j' ikt/rh, fi; Bkb oki ftZu ftek; d/ ekoi j'o s/ih Bkb uZbDr/.

;aqhwsh pkdb B/ d/;a ftZu wfjzrkJh s/ fGq;aNkuko bJh e/Ado dh eKro; ;oeko Bz{ fizw/tko
mfjokT[AfdnK fejk fe j[D ;wK nk frnk j? fe eKro; Bz{ ;sQk d/ B/V/ Bk nkT[D fdZsk ikt/. T[BQK fejk fe
oki ftZu ;KM/ w'ou/ ns/ eKro; d/ nkr{ b'eK Bz{ r[zwokj eo oj/ jB, go gzikp ftZu nekbh Gkigk
rmi'V gZyh uZb ojh jtk w{jo/ fJj fNe BjhA ;eDr/.T[BQK gzikp ;oeko dhnK gqkgshnK frDkT[AfdnK
fejk fe ;oeko B/ b'eK Bz{ ghD tkbk ;aa[ZX gkDh wjZJhnk eotkT[D bJh fgzvK s/ ;afjoK fty/ nkoH Ui s/
tkNo toe; brtkJ/, ;hto/I gkfJnk s/ ;VeK s/ g[bK dk fBowkD eotkfJnk.T[BQK fejk fe fijVk gzikp
f;Zfynk d/ y/so ftZu gfjbK fBxko tZb ;h, nZi shi/ ;EkB T[s/ nk frnk j?, fJ; s'A fJbktk oki dk
p[fBnkdh YKuk fte;s ehsk, y/shpkVh s/ j'o y/soK Bz{ soihj fdZsh.T[BQK fejk fe gzikp ;/tk d/ nfXeko
ekBz{B Bz{ bkr{ eoB tkbk d/;a dk shik oki j?, fi; B/ b'eK BZ{ okik pDkfJnk.T[BQK fejk fe gzikp ;oeko
B/ fJeZb/ wkB;k fiabQ/ ftZu jh 350 eo'V o[gJ/ s'A tZX d/ ftek; ekoi nozG/ idfe p[Ybkvk jbe/ fty/
170 eo'V o[gJ/ ftek; bJh you/ jB.

z :

wkB;k ,po/Nk ,p[Ybkvk ( gzei oki{ ,okwi; fpZbk po/Nk ) 6

z -

2009

z ehsh/ .

-
*

*
* -
*
, F - ,
.
E@ -

, .

 .
, BE ,

.
,
A.@E

,
. EE
, .
. ,

.
,
BE
,

, ,
,


.
,
, ,

.


z
z z
z
z
z z
z
z

 z
A@@@@ , ID@@@ AI@@@
z
.
AC ()
.

. ,
. .
() ,
, , . ,
, . ,
.

:
,F ( )- AA

AB EE
: z z
z : ,:
, , z , ,
, ,z : ,
:

,

z z ,:

, ,z z,
, , ,z , ,
, ,: , ,: , , ,
, , , ,z ,
, , , , , , ,z , ,
,z ,z ,

vkH nzp/veo d/ gqh^fBotkD fdt; w"e/ GkPB w[ekpb/

e[VhnK B/ pkih wkoh

wkB;k 6 d;zpo (;sh; wfjsk ) vkH nzp/veo fEzeoI c'ow (ofiH) tZb'A vkH Ghw okU nzp/veo d/ gqh^fBotkD
fdt; w"e/ ;EkBe pZus GtB ftZu ;e{bh pZfunK d/ fibQk gZXoh w[ekpb/ dk nk:'iB ehsk frnk fi; ftZu fibQ/
d/ ;ko/ eb;NoK ftZu'A gfjb/ d' i/s{nK, e[Zb gzikj i/s{nK B/ Gkr fbnk. gfjbhnK fszB/ g[Ih;BK e[VhnK d/ fjZ;/
nkJhnK. 2100 o[gJ/ dk gfjbk Brd fJBkw rrBdhg e"o, ;oekoh ;?ezvoh ;e{b (e[) ;od{brVQ, 1500 o[gJ/
dk d{ik fJBkw ;[wB okDh, ;oekoh ;?ezvoh ;e{b (e[) p[Ybkvk ns/ 1000 o[gJ/ dk shik fJBkw ;oekoh ;?ezvoh
;e{b Gzw/ ebK B/ jk;b ehsk. fJ; w[ekpb/ d/ w[Zy wfjwkB vkH wZxo f;zx, ;hHJhHUH (foNkH) BkGk, gqXkB
;qhwsh eowihs e"o fvgNh vhHJhHUH (;) wkB;k, ftP/P wfjwkB ;qh fwZm{ okw, ;qh g/qw e[wko w'co tkb/, ftP/P
p[bko/ pbtzs GkNhnk, BSZso f;zx cfsjg[o, fgqz;hgb p[ZX okw, ;qH bSwD f;zx ns/ fgqz;hgb doPB f;zx B/
fJe ;[o ftZu vkH nzp/veo B{z fJZe wjkB fuzse, dkoPfBe, BhshtkB, gkobhw?AN/ohnB, :[Zr gbNkT{ B/sk,
Gkosh ;zftXkB d/ fBowksk ns/ Gkosh T[g wjKdhg ftZu t;d/ dZp/^e[ub/ b'eK dk fJZe wjkB ofjpo fejk.
fJ; w"e/ c'ow

d/ u/now?B jkew f;zx

GkNhnk, tkJh;

u/now?B pbd/t f;zx,

iBob ;eZso

pbeko

;eZso e[btzs

pzrVQ,

w?Apo

gqhihvhnw

pbftzdo

f;zx,

nwoihs f;zx

s'A

ro[Zg

nk|

ekbfii ;od{b/tkbk d/

n?wHvhH ifszdo

f;zx ;'Yh, vkH fBPkB

f;zx,

Bfozdo f;zx, jogqhs

wkH

f;zx,

fJbktk

gq?;

wkbtk

f;zx

;'Yh,

fgqz;hgb

r[od/t

f;zx

e'N Xow{, wBihs f;zx

wkB, irihtB

f;zx

uzd

nkbhe/,

f;zx,

vkH

;[fozdo f;zx nkfd jkIo ;B. i/s{nK B{z Brd fJBkw, w'w?AN' ns/ ;oNhfce/N tzv/ rJ/. fJ; s'A fJbktk tZy^tZy
y/soK ftZu BkwDk yZND tkb/ ftfdnkoEhnK ns/ ;wki dhnK gqw[Zy Py;hnsK B{z ;BwkfBs th ehsk frnk.