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li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\
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cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Adapta dos medios Ethernet diferentes ( {\field{\*\fl
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\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Thin Ethernet)}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\chars
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rd\li1026\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Repetidor Multipuerto
:}\b0 \par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-480\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\
uc1\u61472X}\tab \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscale
x100 { Utilizado para la distribucin en las oficinas }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100
{\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\
uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Permite unir varios ramales de 185 m d
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6\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\tab \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {amari
llo o un par de fibras}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li1
400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\cha
rscalex100 { Funcin de Partitionning sobre cada puerto }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex1
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b {Nota: }\b0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Actualmente, los repetidores ya no se
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charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Par trenzado a Thin Et
hernet }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Par
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\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charsc
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61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { El repetidor funciona en el {\field{\*\fl
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RLINK "http://www.ucbcba.edu.bo/carreras/ingsis/cursos/cursodelhaire/modiso.gif"
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\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Permite extender la red }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex10
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segmentos conectados a un repetidor forman parte del mismo }\par\pard\li1
386\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {dominio de colisin }\fs24\cf0\
f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-453\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\
charscalex100\ul {Concentradores (Hub)}\ul0 \par\pard\li1386\ri0\sl-213\slmult0
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1656X\uc1\u61472X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Es un repetidor que transmite todo
s los paquetes que recibe, a todas}\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0
\f2\charscalex100 {las}\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\fs24\cf0\f2\cha
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cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X\uc1\u61472X}\fs22\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Para
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0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {de}\fs22\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1
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pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs2

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{Caractersticas de un Hub:}\b0 \par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par
\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Un Hub puede ser c
onsiderado como un "prisma" elctrico: Todos los paquetes }\par\pard\li1026\r
i0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {emitidos sobre un segmento o a
parato conectado a uno de los puertos ser }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmu
lt0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {repercutido sobre todos los otros puertos que fo
rman parte del mismo dominio de }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f
2\charscalex100 {colisin.}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-466\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charsc
alex100 {Un Hub esta destinado a conectar equipos 10 Mbits/s 100 Mbits/s.}\par\p
ard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24
\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Algunos Hub pueden ser equipados con un {\field{\*\fldin
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{\fldrslt {Management}}}.}\i0 \ul0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { En este }\par\pa
rd\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {caso, se puede monitore
ar este a distancia y efectuar las mediciones de trfico }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {y de errores.}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-46
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lt0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Hace
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par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs2
4\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Algunos Hubs pueden acoger un mdulo de Management}{ }\f
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{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}}}\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn666\margrsxn13
3\margtsxn666\margbsxn320\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li14
00\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\
charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Todos los segmentos
o aparatos conectados a un Hub forman parte del }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {mismo dominio de colisin }\fs24\cf0\f3\ch
arscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard
\li1026\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100\ul {Puentes (Bridges)}\ul0
\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-440\slmult
0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\tab \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex
100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Une dos redes LAN que se desea q
ue funcionen como una sola red lgica. }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\
par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs2
4\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Recibe el paquete y lo almacena temporalmente mientras
hace chequeo de }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100
{errores y analiza si lo debe pasar a la otra red, solo pasa el paquete cuando
}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\co
ls2\colno1\colw1400\colsr-0\colno2\colw10040\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs2
4\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\c
f0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\
par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0
\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u6
1472X}\par\column\pard\li346\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {la e
stacin destino est en la otra red o segmento.}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\
u61472X}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656
X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Reducen el trfico total sobre los segmentos, ya q
ue el trfico local de un }\par\pard\li346\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charsca
lex100 {segmento no afecta al otro. }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\p
ar\pard\li0\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf
0\f2\charscalex100 { Algunos puentes pueden modificar el formato del paquete qu
e les llega para }\par\pard\li346\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100
{adaptarlo al formato del paquete del segmento donde est el destino, lo }\p
ar\pard\li346\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {cual permite las re
des LAN sean diferentes.}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\s
ect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\li1026\ri
0\sl-360\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\tab \fs24\cf
0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Funcionan en los
niveles 1 y 2 del modelo OSI. }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\par
d\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f
2\charscalex100 { Construye tablas para saber a cuales estaciones puede acceder
por cada }\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn666\marg
rsxn133\cols2\colno1\colw1400\colsr-0\colno2\colw10040\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-333\sl
mult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\column\pard\li346\ri0\sl-266
\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {segmento.}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\u
c1\u61472X}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61

656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { El bridges se puede usar para interconectar

redes o segmentos, pero }\par\pard\li346\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f2\char
scalex100 {tambin se puede usar para subdividir un segmento que tenga much
o }\par\pard\li346\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {trfico. }\fs24\
cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghs
xn15840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\par
d\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f0\charscalex100\b {Caractersticas de un Bridge:}\b0 \par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-2
13\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex1
00 {Un Bridge es un elemento de filtrado que permite aislar dinmicamente
2 }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {segmentos de
una red o acoplar 2 segmentos distantes utilizando una lnea de }\par\par
d\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {velocidad ms dbil que 10 M
bits/s. (Tpicamente las lneas de modem).}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18
\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slm
ult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {
Local Bridge:}\b0 \par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\
ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {En funcin de los paquetes de Broad
cast emitido por las estaciones conectadas, el }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmu
lt0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Bridge va a "aprender" las}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\chars
calex100\i {MAC address}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { las inscribe en 2 tabla
s correspondientes }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex1
00 {a cada segmento.}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li10
26\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Cada direccin de origen emi
tida por una estacin ser analizada por el Bridge }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {para saber si debe repercutir el paquete
concernido (Forwarding) sobre el}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f2\charscalex100 {segmento opuesto.}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf
0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Se puede as evit
ar de "contaminar" toda una red con el trfico concerniente a una }\par\pard\li102
6\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {sala de PC y un servidor Novell
, por ejemplo.}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-453\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {C
iertos Bridges ofrecen posibilidades de filtrado sobre}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscale
x100\i {MAC address.}\i0 \par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\
li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs24\cf0
\f0\charscalex100\b {Remote Bridge:}\b0 \par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs1
8\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Un Remote B
ridge esta destinado a acoplar 2 segmentos distantes de una misma }\par\pard\li1
026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Subnet IP }\i0 { }\fs24\cf0
\f2\charscalex100 {por medio de modems u otros medios de transmisin a velo
cidad}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {generalmen
te inferior a los 10 Mbits/s.}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn158
40\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\margl
sxn666\margrsxn133\margtsxn666\margbsxn266\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\
cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-346\slmu
lt0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Un Bridge Remoto ofrece las mismas funcionalidad
es que un Bridge Local, pero la }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f
2\charscalex100 {conexin sobre un medio (V35 o RS422) de velocidad ms dbil i
mpone una }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {memo
ria ms grande para satisfacer la contencin / decontencin de los datos.}\par\pard\li
1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\p
ar\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {En resumen:}\b0
\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-426\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u6
1472X}\tab \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {
Los Bridges funcionan en el {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.ucbcba.ed
u.bo/carreras/ingsis/cursos/cursodelhaire/modiso.gif"}}{\fldrslt { }}}}\fs24\cf
0\f1\charscalex100 {{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.ucbcba.edu.bo/carre
ras/ingsis/cursos/cursodelhaire/modiso.gif"}}{\fldrslt {nivel 2 del modelo ISO}}
}}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult
0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Pueden

reenlazar 2 segmentos distantes (Remote Bridges) }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\u

c1\u61472X}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\
u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Pueden ser manejado por Network Management
}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Permiten
aislar segmentos de una misma Subnet IP }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u6147
2X}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}
\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Separan los dominios de colisin }\par\pard\li1026\r
i0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\char
scalex100\ul {Conmutadores (Switches) }\ul0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61
472X}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472
X}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\
u61472X}\tab \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100
{ Conecta segmentos de red a nivel 2 del modelo OSI.}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscale
x100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex10
0 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Tiene una funcin de conexin similar
a la del bridge, pero con la diferencia }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {de que puede manejar varias conexiones simultneamente, m
ientras que el }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {
bridge solo maneja una concesin a la vez. Esto hace que el switche }\par\
pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\cols2\co
lno1\colw1400\colsr-0\colno2\colw10040\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par
\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs
22\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\column\pard\li346\ri0\sl-266\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {mejore la capacidad de la red para comunicar estacio
nes.}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-306\slmult
0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { El swit
che puede usarse como el equipo central de una red mediana en }\par\pard
\li346\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {lugar de un concentrador
(hub). Tambin se usa en redes ms grandes, }\par\pard\li346\ri0\sl-266\slmul
t0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {para interconectar hub.}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscale
x100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn
666\margrsxn133\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex1
00 {\uc1\u61472X}\tab \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\char
scalex100 { Fsicamente un switch se parece a un hub.}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex1
00 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100
{\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { El hub simula un nico medio compartid
o mientras que el switch simula una }\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pg
hsxn15840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\cols2\colno1\colw1400\colsr-0\colno2\colw10040
\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pa
rd\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs22\
cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\column\pard\li346\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Lan con bridge donde hay solo un computador por segment
o.}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-293\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Como resu
ltado con un hub solo una mquina puede acceder al medio pero }\par\pard\li346\ri0
\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {con un switch varias mquinas pueden e
nviar datos simultneamente.}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard
\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\ch
arscalex100 { Estas dos tecnologas se pueden combinar. Cada computador se conect
a a }\par\pard\li346\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {un hub y est
os se conectan a un switch.}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\par
d\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\li1026
\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\ch
arscalex100\b {Caractersticas de un Switch:}\b0 \par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmul
t0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Un S
witch puede ser considerado como una matriz de conexin que permite }\pa
r\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {interconectar simul
tneamente los segmentos o los aparatos a 10 Mbits/s o 100 }\par\pard\li1026

\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Mbits/s.}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl

-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscale
x100 {Notar que ciertos modelos de switchs son }{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i
{auto sensings}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {, lo que quiere decir que }\par\p
ard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {adaptan la velocidad d
e sus puertos (10/100 Mbits/s) a la del aparato que les es }\par\pard\li1026\ri0
\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {conectado.}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-4
53\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Cada puerto de un Switch forma parte de u
n solo dominio de colisin.}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard
\li1026\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Cada puerto del Switch ap
rende dinmicamente las direcciones MAC (Ethernet)}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {de los equipos que le son conectados.}\par\pard
\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf
0\f2\charscalex100 {El Switch posee un }{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Buffe
r}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { circular interno trabajando entre 1 o 2
Gbits/s que }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {di
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0\sl-466\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {El Switch es capaz "de aprender" 10
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3\margtsxn666\margbsxn280\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li10
26\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\
charscalex100\b {Enrutadores ( Routers)}\b0 \par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-213\slmult0
\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u6
1656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Reciben el paquete y lo almacena tempora
lmente mientras hace chequeo }\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn
15840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\cols2\colno1\colw1400\colsr-0\colno2\colw10040\par
d\li1026\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\column
\pard\li346\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {de errores y analiza
la direccin de destino para filtrar los que deben pasar.}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscal
ex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100
{\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Funcionan en los niveles 1, 2 y 3
del modelo OSI.}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\sect\sectd
\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-373\
slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\tab \fs24\cf0\f3\char
scalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Puede entrelazar redes que
tengan diferentes sistemas de enrutamiento. }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u
61472X}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u616

56X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Hace la conversin al protocolo de la red

destino, as que debe manejar }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f2\charscalex100 {varios protocolos del nivel 3 de OSI, SNA Y TCP/IP.}{ }\fs24\c
f0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\
par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Caractersticas d
e un Router:}\b0 \par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\r
i0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Un Router es un aparato que transf
iere los paquetes analizndolos al nivel del}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \
fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {protocolo {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.u
cbcba.edu.bo/carreras/ingsis/cursos/cursodelhaire/modiso.gif"}}{\fldrslt { (Nive
l 3 del modelo ISO).}}}}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-480\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charsca
lex100 {Un Router puede hacer oficio de pasarela "}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i
{Gateway"}\i0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { entre redes de naturaleza }\par\pard\
li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {diferente (Ethernet a FDDI
, Token-Ring a Ethernet, ATM a FDDI)}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\c
f0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {En fin, en los
casos de grandes redes fuertemente enmalladas, este determinar }\par\pard\li1026
\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {el mejor camino para atender u
na direccin considerada (Nmero de nodos a }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {atravesar, calidad de la lnea, banda pasante, etc)}\
par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-466\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {En resumen:}\b0
\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-400\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Los Routers fun
cionan principalmente {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.ucbcba.edu.bo/ca
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0 \fs24\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {{\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.ucbcba.ed
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mn\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {{\field{\*\fldinst{HY
PERLINK "http://www.ucbcba.edu.bo/carreras/ingsis/cursos/cursodelhaire/modiso.gi
f"}}{\fldrslt {OS}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {I}}} Pueden hacer oficio de Bridge
para ciertos protocolos}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscale
x100 {Permiten dividir una {\field{\*\fldinst{HYPERLINK "http://www.ucbcba.edu.b
o/carreras/ingsis/cursos/cursodelhaire/classead.gif"}}{\fldrslt { clase de dire
ccin }}}en Subnets, limitando as el trfico}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f2\charscalex100 {y la tasa de }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Broadcast}\i0 \
par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Pueden filtrar las d
irecciones}\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Determin
an el mejor camino en funcin de la banda pasante de la lnea y }\par\pard\li0\ri0\s
l-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {del nmero de nodos a atravesar}\par\par
d\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Mantienen y transmiten a lo
s nodos siguientes sus tablas de ruteo}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\
pghsxn15840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par
\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-320\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {Pasarelas ( Gateways)}\b0 \par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213
\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-440\slmult0 \*\tx1400\fs24\cf0\f3\char
scalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\tab \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\
f2\charscalex100 { Dispositivos que interconectan familias de protocolos distin
tas.}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-266\slm
ult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Real
izan una traduccin completa de los protocolos, proporcionando }\par\pard\se
ct\sectd\sbknone\pgwsxn12240\pghsxn15840\marglsxn666\margrsxn133\cols2\colno1\co
lw1386\colsr-0\colno2\colw10053\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\char
scalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\column\pard\li360\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\c
harscalex100 {conectividad extremo a extremo.}{ }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc
1\u61472X}\par\pard\li13\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61
656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Son dependientes y especficos de la famil
ia de protocolos que }\par\pard\li0\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex1
00 {interconectan, tambin se llaman convertidores de protocolos. }\fs24\cf0\f3\ch
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rscalex100\b {NIVELES OSI EN LA INTERCONEXIN DE REDES.}\b0 \par\pard\li1026\ri0\s
l-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscal
ex100 {Los hub, bridge, switch y router manejan diferentes niveles de la comunic
acin del}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {modelo O
SI. El equipo ms elemental es el hub y el mas complejo es el router.}\par\pard\se
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26\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\
charscalex100\b {ALGORTMOS DE RUTEO EN INTERNET:}\b0 \par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\
slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100
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}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {administrativa
y las polticas de enrutamiento de distintas organizaciones. Los }\par\pard
\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {sistemas autnomos estn c
ompuestos por routers que ejecutan protocolos de }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266
\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {gateway interior (IGP), como el protocolo d
e informacin de enrutamiento (RIP), el }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs22
\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {protocolo de enrutamiento de gateway interior mejorado (E
IGRP), Primero la ruta }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charsca
lex100 {libre ms corta (OSPF) y el sistema intermedio}{ }\fs24\cf0\f4\charscalex1
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\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {interior de sus
lmites y se interconectan mediante un protocolo de gateway}\par\pard\li102
6\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {exterior (EGP), el estndar es el
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s18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {La mayora
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026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {tipos de enrutamiento distrib
uido: Estado del enlace o vector de distancias.}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmu
lt0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\s
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r de distancias}\b0 \par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li102
6\ri0\sl-346\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {RIP}{ }\fs24\cf0\f4\charscalex1
00 {\uc1\u8211X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { protocolo de informacin de enrutamie
nto.}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {EIGRP}{ }\f
s24\cf0\f4\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8211X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { protocolo de

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fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-386\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {El trmino
vector de distancia se deriva del hecho de que el protocolo incluye un }\par\pa
rd\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {vector (lista) de dista
ncias (nmero de saltos u otras mtricas) asociado con cada }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl
-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {destino prefijado en el mensaje de
enrutamiento. Se intercambia la tabla de }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult
0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {enrutamiento.}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0
\fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-360\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Los pri
mero protocolos de vector de distancia (RIP-1) tenan lmite finito de saltos, }\par
\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {esto restringa la p
ropagacin de actualizaciones de enrutamiento y causara }\par\pard\li1026\ri0
\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {problemas en redes grandes. Los pro
tocolos RIP-2 y el EIGRP ya no estn }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {restringidos al nmero de saltos.}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl
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x100 {Otra deficiencia es la forma como intercambian la informacin de enrutamient
o, las }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {difusion
es son enviadas cuando expira un contador de actualizacin, asociado con }\par\par
d\li1026\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {el intercambio de mensa
jes. Si una ruta o un enlace se vuelve inaccesible just}\fs24\cf0\f2\ch
arscalex100 {o}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {d
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}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {hasta que exp
irase el tiempo de actualizacin, ralentizando, de este modo, }\par\pard\li10
26\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {considerablemente la converg
encia. Los protocolos de vector distancias ms }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmu
lt0 \*\tx6400\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {recientes (EIGRP, RIP-}\fs24\cf0\f2\c
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charscalex100 {concepto de actualizaciones }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-280\slmult
0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {desencadenadas, que propagan los fallos tan pronto
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f2\charscalex100 {Cada enrutador mantiene en su tabla de enrutamiento la distanc
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lex100 {Cada enrutador enva a sus vecinos su vector de distancias cada 30}\par\pa
rd\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {segundos}\par\pard\li14
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calex100 { Los mensajes RIP se encapsulan en datagramas UDP. }\par\pard\li1400\
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ex100 { En un mensaje RIP pueden enviarse hasta 25 entradas del vecto
r de }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {distancias
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charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Para transportar vector
es grandes se utilizan varios mensajes.}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-306\slmult0 \fs2
4\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Una entrada
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{\uc1\u8226X}\fs22\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Para acelerar an ms la convergencia,
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sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {intercambian elementos de informacin
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de enrutamiento.}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\r
i0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Una forma de ver los protocolos de
enrutamiento del estado del enlace, es como }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult
0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {un rompecabezas. Cada routers de red genera un
a pieza del puzzle (estado del }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-280\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f2\charscalex100 {enlace) que se describe as misma y se conecta a piezas del puzz
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ante }\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {un mecani
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3\margtsxn666\margbsxn280\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li14
00\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-333\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f3\
charscalex100 {\uc1\u61656X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Soporte para VLSM y
CIDR, intercambian informacin de mscaras como }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-253\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {parte de los elementos de informacin que perm
ite el manejo de subredes. }\fs24\cf0\f3\charscalex100 {\uc1\u61472X}\par\pard\l
i1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-466\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\
f2\charscalex100 {Los protocolos que funcionan con informacin del estado de enlac
e son: el OSPF}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {y
el IS-}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {IS}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18
\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-413\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\b {OSPF}\b0 {
}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Open Shortest Path First}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-2
13\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-373\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f1\charscalex1
00 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Los algoritmos de vectores de dist
ancias son buenos para redes estables y }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {pequeas.}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f
1\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs22\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Su principal desventa
ja es que no escalan bien: su desempeo es bajo en }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\sl
mult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Sistemas Autnomos grandes ya que el tamao de
sus mensajes es }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex10
0 {directamente proporcional al nmero de redes existentes.}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\s
l-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100
{ Es un protocolo de enrutamiento muy usado en Internet. }\par\pard\li1400\ri0
\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex1
00 { Utiliza un algoritmo de Estado de Enlaces.}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-306\slm
ult0 \fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs22\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Cada
enrrutador verifica continuamente los enlaces que lo unen con }\par\pard\li
1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {enrrutadores adyacentes inte
rcambiando mensajes}{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Hello.}\i0 \par\pard\li1400
\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs22\cf0\f2\charsca
lex100 { Tpicamente, los mensajes se envan cada 10 segundos y se considera que }\
par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {ha ocurrido una f
alla en un vecino si no se recibe un mensaje de l durante }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\s
l-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {40 segundos. }\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl293\slmult0 \fs22\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs22\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {
Cada enrrutador difunde cada 30 minutos, o cuando hay un cambio en el }
\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {estado de uno
de sus enlaces, }{ }\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {Link State Advertisement}\i
0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {s a todos los }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmul
t0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {enrrutadores del Sistema Autnomo para notificar
les el Estado de sus }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charsca
lex100 {Enlaces. }\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f1\charscalex100
{\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Cada enrrutador conoce entonces l

a topologa completa del Sistema }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0

\f2\charscalex100 {Autnomo (}\fs24\cf0\f0\charscalex100\i {link-state database}
\i0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {)y utiliza el algoritmo del camino ms corto }
\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {de Dijkstra para
construir su tabla de enrutamiento. }\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\
cf0\f1\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { Cada enrrutador
construye un rbol de caminos ms cortos con l como }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl
-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {raz.}\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-280\slmult0
\fs24\cf0\f1\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { La difusin
de la informacin necesaria para conocer la topologa de la red }\par\pard\li1746\r
i0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {y el clculo de la tabla de enrutami
ento son operaciones costosas si la red }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs
24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {es grande. }\par\pard\li1400\ri0\sl-293\slmult0 \fs24\c
f0\f1\charscalex100 {\uc1\u8226X}\fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 { En este caso, OSP
F limita la propagacin de sus mensajes para reducir }\par\pard\li1746\ri0\sl-266\
slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {el trfico en la red y la potencia de clculo ne
cesaria.}\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-21
3\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026\ri0\sl-213\slmult0 \fs18\cf0\par\pard\li1026
\ri0\sl-466\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {Bibliografa:}\par\pard\li1026\ri0
\sl-306\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\charscalex100 {* Stallings, William., Comunicacione
s y Redes de Computadores. }\par\pard\li1226\ri0\sl-266\slmult0 \fs24\cf0\f2\cha
rscalex100 {Editorial Prentice Hall.}\par}