(ls CODE OF PRACTICE . ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 7” LIBRARY COPY a J ROGER PRESTON (S) PTE L"> Lore oo MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT ¢ SINGAPORE May 1998CODE OF PRACTICE ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CONTENTS INTRODUCTION BUILDING PLAN REQUIREMENTS 1 Refuse Storage and Collection System 2 Public Toltet 3 Food Retail Outlet 4 Food Factory 5 Market 6 Swimming Poo! APPENDIX 1 Layout of Bin Centre with RollOn Roll-Off Refuse Compactor 2 Provision of Sanitary Facilities 3 Plumbing Details for Market Water Quality Standard for Swimming Pool 4 Page on 15 19 21Code of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Edition) INTRODUCTION The Code of Practice on Environmental Health (COPEH) provides the guidelines that address environmental health concerns in the design of buildings. The Code spells out the objectives that should be met and stipulates only the minimum basic design criteria. In this way, Qualified Persons (QPs; Architects or Professional Engineers) may exercise flexibility and creativity to meet the stated fequirements. So long as the functionality of the designs can satisfy the desired objectives, the bullding plans will be deemed to have complied with the COPEH. Commissioner of Public Health Ministry of the Environment SingaporeCode of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Edition) 14 1.2 BUILDING PLAN REQUIREMENTS The Building Plan requirements for environmental health address the following areas of concern: (a) Refuse Storage and Collection System, {b) Public Toilet, (c} Food Retail Outtet, (d) Food Factory, (e) Market and () Swimming Pool REFUSE STORAGE AND COLLECTION SYSTEM Objectives The refuse storage and collection system shall be mechanised where possible and designed such that there will be minimum nuisance to occupants and neighbouring premises, and no pollution to the environment. All facilities provided shall be adequate in size to meet the anticipated refuse output. Refuse Output (@) The refuse output for the various categories of premises shall be computed as follows Category of Premises Office Refuse Output (itresiday) 18 per 100 sqm gross floor area Hotel 7 dormitory 10 -ditto- ‘Shop / trade premises 30 ditto: ‘Supermarket / market / 100 -ditto- department store | Restaurant/eating house? | 200 food centre / canteen Residential premises 20 per dwelling premises Petrol station 300 per premisesCode of Practice on Environmonlat Health (1998 Edition) 1.4 (b) Where a proposed development has a combination of different types of premises (for example, a shopping complex with offices, residential premises and a food centre), the total refuse output shall be the sum of the outputs for each category of premises. Refuse Chute Refuse chutes shall be provided for high-rise buildings so that occupants need not have to bring their refuse into lifts or walk down the stairs with it. Refuse chute shall meet the following requirements: (a) The cross-sectional area shall be not less than 0.3 sqm. (b) It shall be cross-ventilated at the top with at least two openings of not less than 0.1 sqm each above roof level. {c)} There shall be a system to wash and flush the whole length of the chute. The control valve for the flushing system shall be located at the chamber level. Refuse Chute Chamber Arefuse chute chamber is located at the bottom of a chute and houses a bin. Refuse collected in the bin will be conveyed to a bin centre. The refuse chute chamber shall meet the following requirements: {a) The chamber shall be large enough to house a refuse bin which can contain at least one day of refuse output from all the premises connected to the chute. (b) The walls shall be lined with glazed tiles or other impervious materials. (c) The floor shall be recessed at least 100 mm below the apron area and graded towards a gully connected to a sewer. (a) Anaiitight non-corrosive flap door shall be provided,Code of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Editon) 15 1.6 Refuse Room A refuse room is located at the bottom of a chute and houses a large container or a mechanical refuse handling equipment, e.g. a dust-screw. Refuse collected in the container is conveyed directly into @ refuse collection vehicle which backs up to the refuse room. The refuse room shall meet the following requirements: {a) The refuse room shall be large enough te accommodate two days of refuse output from all the premises connected or served by the chute. {b) The access to the refuse room shall be such that a refuse collection vehicle can make a three-point turn to back up into the entrance of the room. {c) The walls shall be lined with glazed tiles or other impervious materials, (d) The floor shall be graded towards a gully/floor trap connected to sewer. (@) Awater tap shall be provided. Refuse Bin Centre Abin centre shall be provided when the amount of refuse output exceeds 1,000 litres/day. The bin centre shal! meet the following vequirements: (a) The bin centre shall be so sited as to minimise nuisance to neighbouring premises, and be accessible to refuse collection vehicle, with an adequate turning area where necessary. (b) The bin centre shall be large enough to house the daily output of refuse from the proposed development. (©) Where the dally refuse is 4,000 litres or more, a roll-off compactor shall be provided, An example of the layout of a bin centre with a roll-off compactor is shown in Appendix 1. (d) The walls shall be lined with glazed tiles or other impervious materials.Code of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Edition) 17 (e) oO (9) The floor shall be graded towards a gully/floor-trap connected to sewer. A toof shall be provided. The bin centre must be adequately ventilated but shall not have openings large enough to allow birds and rodents to enter into it. Pneumatic Refuse Conveyance System Where a pneumatic refuse conveyance system is adopted, whether it is a vacuum station system or a vacuum truck system, the following requirements shall be complied with: (a) () © (d) ) The ventilation, air intake and air outlet units shail be so sited as to minimise nuisance to neighbouring premises, The refuse storage capacity shall be two days of refuse output, Refuse collection and storage facilities shall be accessible to Tefuse collection vehicle, and be so sited as to minimise nuisance to neighbouring premises. Adequate measures shall be taken to minimise noise nuisance resulting from the operation of the system. Adequate measures shall be provided to remove dust and smell before the air used for refuse conveyance is discharged into the atmosphere. The discharge point shall be away from the neighbouring premises.Code af Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Edition) 2 24 2.2 2.3 PUBLIC TOILET Objectives For a building where the general public is expected to walk in, there shall be adequate provision of toilets for their use. The public toifets shall be designed to withstand heavy usage. Ventilation is therefore important. The design shall also take into consideration ease of maintenance. Number of Public Toilets/Sanitary Fittings to be Provided The number of public toilets and sanitary fittings to be provided in a building where the general public is expected to walk in is given in Appendix 2. For a building where the general public is not expected to walk in, @.9. an office building, a terraced workshop, a place of worship, a condominium, etc., the QP is free to decide on the number of toilets and sanitary fitings required. Design Criteria The requirements for public toilet shall be as follows: {a} The walls shall be lined with giazed tiles or other impervious materials. {b) The toilet shall preferably be naturally ventilated. If mechanically ventilated, the air exchange rate shall have a minimum of 15 air changes per hour. Service access ducts, if fully enclosed, shail be connected to the mechanical ventilation system, and suitable fresh air inlet grilles shall be provided to ensure an air exchange rate of 5 air changes per hour. (©) Ceiling or wall fans shall be provided within the toilet to aid in the circulation of air. {d) The minimum lighting level shall be 300 lux {e) Where sanitary provisions are to be made for wheelchair users, such provisions shall be in accordance with the requirements stipulated in PWD's “Code on Barrier-Free Accessibilty in Buildings”.Code of Prectice on Environmental Health (1998 Edition) (fh (9) {h) ® 0 ) Sanitary appliances and fittings installed in public toilets shall be of heavy duty classification and quality The following accessories shall be provided in the proportion as stated below: Accessories Quantity (a) Soap dispenser (b) Hand-dryer blower or towel dispenser (0) Litter bin (d) Toilet paper holder One for every two wash-hand basins subject to a minimum of one. Minimum of one. Minimum of one. Minimum of one in each water closet compartment. Each holder shalt be able to accommodate a minimum of 2 small rolls or 1 large roll of toilet paper. Water closet pans can be either the pedestal or squatting type or a mixture of both. If a squatting water closet pan is provided, it shall be located on a raised platform graded towards the pan Urinals shall be individual wall-hung units, more than 300 mm wide and projecting from the wall by at least 300 mm. Each urinal shall be fitted with a flush valve and an automatic flushing device. The flush valve shall be adjusted to give a flush of not less than 1.5 litres and not more than 2.5 litres. The provision of modesty barriers between urinals is encouraged but not compulsory. Each water closet shall be fitted with a flush valve and an automatic flushing device. The flush valve shall be adjusted to give a flush of not more than 6 litres of water. Wash-hand basins shall preferably be under-counter. All taps shall be fitted with PUB-approved aerators to soften the water flow to minimise splashing.3.4 3.2 FOOD RETAIL OUTLET Objectives Food retail outlets, such as restaurants, food courts! etc. (also known as “foodshops') shall be designed to ensure that the layout can support an efficient work-flow. The size of the kitchen and store to be provided shall be sufficient to meet the operator's needs. The floors shall be graded and drained to ensure that a dry kitchen is achievable. A good layout will help the operator attain a high standard of food hygiene. Design Criteria The design criteria for a food retail outlet (also referred to as “foodshop" shall be as follows: (a) (b) (©) @) (e) @ (9) The minimum kitchen area shall be 8 sq metres (excluding the servery area), If the operator wishes to do outdoor food catering, the minimum kitchen area shall be 16 sq metres. The floor of the kitchen shall be graded and washings drained to floor traps. No grease interceptor or inspection chamber shall be sited inside the kitchen. The walls of the kitchen shall be lined with glazed files or other impervious materials to facilitate cleaning. Fumes, smoke and heat from the cooking range shall be exhausted either through an electrostatic air cleaning system or a hood and flue system fitted with a grease filter and an extractor fan. In the case of the latter, the flue shall discharge at a point above the roof and away from neighbouring premises No overhead drain pipes shall be sited in the area where food is prepared or cooked. At least one sink with a draining board shall be provided in the kitchen or food preparation area. For a large kitchen, additional sinks may be required for the washing of soiled crockery. The numbers to be provided shall be according to the operator's needs.Code of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Edition) (h) (i) @ (Wy) @ (m) (n) At least one wash-hand basin shall be provided for workers in the kitchen. The tap of the wash-hand basin shall preferably be sensor-operated, All stores and storage cabinets provided shall be pest- and rodent proof, A storage cabinel shall be provided for cleaning tools, brooms, cleaning materials, etc. A storage room or cabinet shall be provided where necessary for the workers’ personal belongings. Where there are public toilets within the building where the foodshop is \ocated, the provision of a toilet within the foodshop is Mot necessary. Otherwise, the number of toilets shall be in accordance with the requirements stated in Appendix 2. For a foodshop with individual foodstalls, each individual foodstalls shal! have aminimum kitchen area of 8'sq mand a servery area of ‘5 sq m. A wall or partition shall be provided between the kitchen and servery area. Every foodshop with individual foodstalls shall nave a centralised wash area for the washing of soiled crockery. The centralised wash area shall be located in a room or an enclosure, and the walls shall be lined with glazed tiles or other suitable impervious materials. The provision of a commercial dishwashing machine in the centralised wash area is encouraged.Code of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Edition). 4 44 4.2 Food Factory Objectives A food factory shall be designed to ensure that the layout can support an efficient work-flow with minimal oriss-crossing. This is to reduce the risk of cross-contamination during the manufacturing process. Separate storage areas shall be provided for raw materials, final products, chilled or frozen products, packing materials and cleaning equipment, etc. A good layout will enhance hygiene in the production process. Design Criteria The design criteria for a food factory shall be as follows: (a) (b) () (a) &) U7 (9) ‘The floors shall be graded towards the floor traps or internal drains to prevent ponding of water. The walls shall be painted or lined with glazed tiles to facilitate cleaning. All internal wall partitions separating the work areas shall be erected up to the height of the ceiling to eliminate cross- contamination of food products. Ventilation shall be adequately provided to prevent excessive heat and steam condensation within the food factory. Adequate lighting shall be provided at all working areas. Washing facilities shall be provided in the processing area, Hands-free taps for wash-hand basins/sinks complete with liquid soap dispensers and hand dryers shall be provided. Toilets, if provided, shall be located away from the food processing area. WCs and urinals shall be provided with auto- sensor or foot-operated flush valves. Cold stores, if provided, shall be designed to take into account the intended food products, storage time and the optimal temperature requirements. The walls of the stores shall be effectively insulated to prevent condensation on the other side of the walls. The loading and unloading bays shall be designed to allow transfer of products between the cold store and the refrigerated vehicle with the least exposure to ambient temperature and with the least possible handlingCode of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Editon) 5.1 5.2 MARKET Objectives ‘A market shall be designed such that the premises can be kept dry and clean at all times with an effective built-in internal drainage system for each stall. The market shall be well ventilated. Design Criteria The design criteria for a market shall be as follows: (a) (b) (© (a) ©) ) (9) (hy @ The floors shall be recessed at least 60 mm below the surrounding apron area and graded towards open scupper drains. A common service corridor shalt be provided for access into the back of each stalls. A scupper drain covered with a grating shall run along the edge of the service corridor. Tap points shall be provided at strategic locations for the washing of the market, Market stalls shall preferably be designed with a service counter that stretches across the width of the stall. A low wall shall be provided to segregate the stalls. The area of each stall shall be at least 8 sq metres. The floor level of the stat shall be elevated at least 50 mm above the level of the common passageway in front of the stall. This is to prevent floor washings from the common passageways from entering the stall. Each stall shall be provided with a tap point and a commercial sink, The floor of each stall shall be graded and drained into an open scupper drain covered with a grating. The width of the scupper drain shall be at least 150 mm and the depth shail be at least 75 mm at the shallowest endCode of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Edition) 0 (K) 0 (m) () (0) (p) (a) Common passageways for customers shall have a width of at feast 2.5 m. Other connecting passageways shall have a width of atleast 1.5 m. ‘A scupper drain covered with a grating shail run alongside the common passageway. All scupper drains within the stalls and at the service corridors and the common passageways shall be provided with floor sumps. The floor sumps within the stalis and at the service corridors shall be connected by drain-lines to waste sumps located in the service corridors. ‘The sanitary piping and details of floor sumps, waste sumps, etc., ‘shall be in accordance with the requirements stated in Appendix 3 A loading/unloading bay shall be provided. A common storage and sorting area shall be considered, if needed. Public toilets in accordance with Appendix 2 shall be providedCode of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Edition) _—_aeeereee WC _ 6 SWIMMING POOL 6.1 Objectives The design criteria for swimming pools address only public health concems. The pool shall be so designed that the water quality will always remain safe for the public. Whilst landscaping to enhance the appearance of the pool is encouraged, it shall not be done in such a way or to such an extent that it can contaminate the water in the pool or create a problem for the maintenance of the pool. A good pool design shall also take into consideration the physical safety of swimmers, Some aspects of these safety features are given below but they do not form part of the design criteria considered for building plan processing. 6.2 Design Criteria ‘The design criteria for swimming poo! shalll be as follows: (2) A water-circulation system consisting of pumps, piping, perimeter overflow system, return inlets, filters and other necessary ‘equipment shall be provided for complete circulation of the water through all parts of the pool. The water-circulation pumps and motors shall be of adequate sizes to turn over the entire pool water capacity at least once every 6 hours for the main pool and not more than 2 hours for wading pool. (b) Overflow weirs shall be provided for at least 50% of the perimeter of the pool. (c) There shall be at least one standby pump unit and motor to supplement the duty pump provided in the fitration system, (¢) Flow meters shall be installed on all re-circulation systems and shall be capable of measuring water flows of 1.5 times the designed flow rate. (e) The filtration plant shall be the rapid sand, diatomaceous earth or any other acceptable filtration system. () Sampling taps shall be provided at the inlet and outlet pipes of the filter.Code of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Eaition) 6.3 (g) Filter backwash water shall be discharged into the sewer via a backwash water holding tank. {h) The swimming pool shall be equipped with automatic disinfectant and chemical feeders to maintain the bacteriological and chemical characteristics of the water within the water quality limits stipulated in Appendix 4. () Positive displacement type of chemical feeders shall be installed for the addition of chemicals for pH adjustment and disinfecting agents such as calcium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite or other approved bactericidal agents. @) Rocks and other materials used for the pool edge as part of the landscaping shall be of smooth surface to facilitate cleaning, (k) Plantings may come close to the pool edge but care shall be taken to ensure that the roots do not clog up the piping, or substances used for plant care do not contaminate the water in the pool, ()__Linkways or bridges across the pool are allowed but pianting strips will not be allowed on such linkways and bridges. (m) a submerged bar is provided in the pool, a sink connected to a sewer shalt be provided. (n) Atleast two showers shall be provided around the swimming pool. Suggested Guidelines for Safety Features in Pool Design The guidelines given below are recommended for QPs to consider. They do not form part of the design criteria for building plan processing. (2) The pool bottom of the shallow area of the swimming pool shall have a non-slip finish. (b) The slope of the floor of any portion of the swimming pool having a water depth of less than 1.5 m shall be uniform and shall not be steeper than 1:12. (c) The pool shall have at least two means of exit located so as to serve both ends of the pool. The distance from any point in the pool to an exit shall not be more than 15 m. BCode of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Edition) «@) (e) a (9) (h) The depth of water in metres shall be marked plainiy in numerals of at least 100 mm in height embedded into the edge of the pool wall and the corresponding pool deck, Depth mackings shall be provided at the shallow and deep ends of the pool and the transition point. + The depth of water in the wading poo! shall not exceed 500 mm, At least 5 m of unobstructed headroom above the diving board shall be provided. The diving board shall not be placed more than 1 m above the ‘surface of the water for a depth of 2.5 m of water in the swimming pool. A horizontal separation of 3 m shall be provided between adjacent diving boards and between any diving board and the side wallCode of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Edition) APPENDIX 1 EXAMPLE OF THE LAYOUT OF BIN CENTRE FOR THE OPERATION OF ROLL-ON ROLL-OFF REFUSE COMPACTOR 2500 so mene. ss ot 9 Sil" ote come BeciveRY or'Reruse To on wae ae a oe a om nessa | gas snip #5 ss weal Bet < = . — : arnt ead | mn wits Biv os gan ees d Bee ¢ feu 3 (0.5m ABOVE GROUND LEVEL? (COMPCUNDY GLAZED watt IES ——— Hy if} —-rosion or es Lirren UWIERCEPTOR ORAM ———— ROLLER Siu TTER Sok hae cH (GoUIROL FoR ROLLER Seutiee wie SORNIAT QVERROE ‘0 ENTRANCE | FAL ACCESS ROAD / DRIVEWAY note: = NO ENCLOSED ROOM WITHIN BIN CENTRE = ONLY CRITICAL OW/ENSIONS ARE WOICATED ON THE DRAMNCS, HR A900 F THE FOES ROAD IS 6m AW MOTH OR HOVECode of Practice on Environmental Health {1998 Edition) APPENDIX 2 PROVISION OF SANITARY FACILITIES Sanitary facilities shall be provided in accordance with the requirements listed below, The floor area refers to the gross floor area. Categories of Places Number of Sanitary Fa: Female Maie We Wb. We Ur Wb (1) SHOPPING PLACE / SUPERMARKET | WET MARKET (each ficor) Not more than 350 sqm wlorl - - | - 351 sq mto 700 sqm 4 4 4 4 1 701 sqm to 1,000 sqm 2 1 1 2 1 1,001 sq m to 1,500. sqm 3 2 1 | 3 | 2 1,501 sq m to 3,000 sqm 4 3 | 2] 3] 3 3,001 sq m to 5,000 sqm 6 4 3 4 4 Every additional 2,000 sq m or less in excess of 5,000 sq m 1 1 1 1 1 (2) EATING ESTABLISHMENT / FOOD CENTRE/BAR/ NIGHTCLUB (each floor) Not more than 250 sq m rfr}- fe] - 251 sqm to 500 sqm 2 1 1 1 1 501 sq mto 750 sqm 3 2/1]2)2 751 sq m to 1,000 sqm 4 2 2 3 2 1,001 sq m to 1,500 sqm 5 3 | 2],4]3 1,501 sq m to 2,000 sqm 6 4] 3]5 | 4 2,001 sq m to 3,000 sq m 7 4 3 | 6] 4 3,001 sq m to 4,500 sq m 8 5 4 7 5 Every additional 1,500 sq m or less in excess of 4,500 sqm 1 1 1 174 * To be used by both male and femaleCode of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Edition) (3) @) 6) 6) Categories of Places CONFERENCE HALL / CINEMA I THEATRE Based on seating capacity as follows: Not more than 150 persons 451 to 300 persons 301 to 450 persons 451 to 600 persons 601 to 900 persons Every additional 300 persons or less in excess of 900 persons PARK / TOURIST SITE / PUBLIC RESORT / PIER BUS TERMINAL Not more than 20 bus bays 21 to 50 51 to 100 More than 100 STADIUM (a) Spectators Not more than 2,000 persons 2,001 to 5,000 persons 5,001 to 10,000 persons 10,001 to 20,000 persons 20,001 to 50,000 persons 50,001 to 100,000 persons ‘Sanitary facilities within the stadium shalt be uniformly distributed. Number of Sanitary Facilities Female Male. We | Wb | We [Ur | Wo 2 41 1 2 1 4 2 2 3 2 5 3 2 4 3 6 4 3 5 4 8 5 3 7 5 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 4 1 2 1 4 2 2 4 2 7 3 3 6 3 8 4 4 7 4 8 4 3 7 6 12 6 5 10 8 20 12 8 18 | 14 30 18 12 28 20 46 | 30 | 18 | 42 | 32 76 42 30 70 46Code of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Edition) a (8) (9) Categories of Places Number of Sanitary Facilities Female Male We | Wo [Br] Bh | We | Wo [Ur | Br] Bh PUBLIC SWIMMING POOL Up to 250 sqm 2 12) 2 1 1 1)2)2 251 sqm to 500 sqm 3) 2)3)3 [2] 2 ]2]}3]3 501 sq m to 1,000 sqm 4 3/4) 3) 3/3 |) 3]4]}3 1,001 sqmto1500sqm] 5] 4/5|4)/3)4)4]5/ 4 Exceeding 1,500 sqm 6|/s5|sj}ej,4|]s5|]sjale CONSTRUCTION SITE. Every 25 male workersor]| - | - |-| - | 1] 4] 14) 4] - less Every 25 female workers | 1] 1/1] -] -)- | -]-] - or less PETROL STATION 4} 4]. t}a)ay-f- Notation; * To be used by both male and female We : Water closet Ur Wh : Wash-Hand Basin Br Bh : Bench and Hanger -600 mm : Urinal (1 Ur = 600 mm) Bathroom with showerCode of Practice on Environmental Health {1998 Euition) APPENDIX 3. Plumbing Details for Market (a) (b) ©) (@) (e) @ @ (h) An example of the layout of the drainlines for the stalls, the common service corridor and the common passageway is shown in Drawing 1 The floor sumps from an upper storey shall be connected to a vertical discharge stack of cast iron or UPVC of at least 250 mm in diameter. ‘The discharge stack shall be connected to a waste sump. The floor sump shall be at least 225 mm in diameter. The waste sump shall measure 600 mm x 600 mm in dimensions. The inspection chamber shall measure 900 mm x 700 mm in dimensions. The last inspection chamber before the sewer manhole shall be provided with an overflow pipe of at least 225 mm in diameter. The overflow pipe shall have a flap valve. The main drainines shall be at least 225 mm in diameter with a minimum gradient of 4:150 but not exceeding 1:40. The main drain-line connected to the last inspection chamber shall have a gully trap. The branch drain-lines connecting the floor sumps within the stalls and at the service corridors to the waste sumps shall be at least 225 mm in diameter. The other branch drain-lines shall be at least 150 mm in diameter. All branch drain-lines shall have a minimum gradient of 1:90 but not exceeding 1:30.Code of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Edition) APPENDIX 3 Drawing 1 LAYOUT OF DRAINLINES FOR MARKET anaT ARUOLS Waa U8 ROUTE ‘Sie ae Dane dea, mass <5 3d AOTUUIAO HUTA WEGHOND HOLL DBIEN |_-ol|_ sexost ae e aS 3s ee, Avnaouss¥d HOHKOD alii uo sae ans aes eure 20Code of Practice on Environmental Health (1998 Edition) APPENDIX 4 Water Quality Standard for Swimming Pool The water in swimming pools shall be maintained at the following quality at all times. (a) (b) (c) Physical Quality The pool water shall be clear and clean. No scum or floating impurities shall be allowed to accumulate. The colour of the water shall not exceed 5 Hazen units and the turbidity shall not exceed 5 NTU. Bacteriological Qual () E.Coli shall not be present in any 190 al sample of water taken from the pool (i) Not more than 10 coliform organisms shall be present in any 100 mi of water taken from the pool. (i) Not more than one out of five consecutive samples of the water shall contain any coliform organisms in 100 mi of the water sample. (iv) No sample shall contain more than 200 bacteria per ml as determined by the 24-hour plate count at 37°C or by the membrane filter method Chemical () — Acchlorine residual of not less than 1.0 mg per litre and not more than 3.0 mg per litre shall be maintained in the pool. (ii) If copper sulphate is used as an algicidal agent, it shall not raise the copper concentration of the water by more than 0.2 mg per litre. . (iii) The pool water shall have a pH value of between 7.2 to 7.8. anADDRESSES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DISTRICT OFFICES a) Central Environmental Health District Office 335 Clementi Road 14.5 km Singapore 129786 Tel: 4660544, b) Northern Environmental Health District Office 961 Woodlands Read Singapore 738688 Tel = 3685900 ) Southern EnvironmentalHeaith District Office 4545 Jalan Bukit Merah Singapore 159466 Tel: 2724266 d) Western Environmental Health District Office 1 Neythal Road Singapore 628569 Tel: 2655622 e) North-Eastern Environmental Health District Office 174 Sin Ming Drive Singapore 575715 Tel : 4553177 f) South-Eastern Environmental Health District Office 70 Tannery Lane Singapore 347810 Tel: 7474811 ) Environmental Heaith Department 21st Storey Environment Building 40 Scotts Road Singapore 228231 Tel: 7327733