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(page 1.2)
8 8 8
( 2 x 3 y )(2 x 3 y ) ( 2 x ) 2 (3 y ) 2 2.
1. 4( 2 2 )
4x2 9 y2
8
2
(3 x 2 y )(3 x 2 y ) (3 x 2 ) 2 y 2
2.
9x4 y2 3 5 3 5 3
2 3 2 3 3
812 19 2 (81 19)(81 19) 3. 3 15
3.
100 62 6
6 200 15
2
100 2 1012 (100 101)(100 101)
4.
201 ( 1) 2 147 27 3
201
7 2 7 2
2 3 2
782 77 2 (78 77)(78 77) 4. 2 2
5. 78 77 78 77
2 6
78 77
2
1
6
9 4 84 (9 2 82 )(9 2 82 )
2 245 27 5
6. 81 64 9 2 82
81 64 3 175 3 5 7
145
14 5
7
5. 15 7 7
14 35
1A (page 1.7) 15 7
2 35
3 3 21 15
21 21 21
1. 3 21 4 2 4 2 2
21 2 2 2
6.
21 4 22
7 2
2 2 1
3 5
10
3 5
10
5 3
15 3 15
5 5 5 3
9. 10 5 4 3
3 5
5 3
3 5 2 5
5 5
14 q 14 q 2
5 8q 5 2 2q
2 2 2
3 3 6 14 2q
14. 10 2q
7 2 7 2 2
6 6 6
10 2q 7 2q
18
7 2 3 2q
6
10. 3 2
7 2 2p
6 6 p2 6 p2
18 p 3 3p 2 p
2p 2p 2p
2
7 2 2
2 15. 6p 2p
3p 2 p
15 2 2p
2 3p 2 p 3p 2 p
0
5 2 5 2 27
3 6 3 6 2b 5b 2b 5b 10
27 27 27
10 10 10
5 54
3 6 16. 20b 50b
27
10
11. 53 6
3 6 2 5b 5 2b
27
10
5 6
3 6
9
32 6
9
12.
3b 6 2b 18 4( 10 6 )
2.
17. 6b 10 6
b(3 6 6 2 ) 4( 10 6)
6b 4
6 2 2 10 6
2
6 6 2 7
2 7 2 7 2 7
2 a 3 a 8a a 2 a 2a 2a
75a 75a 6( 2 7 )
3. 47
3a 2a
6( 2 7 )
75a
3
3a 2 75 2( 2 7 )
18. 75 75 2 7 4
3a 150
75
10 10 15 5
a (5 6 )
15 5 15 5 15 5
25
10( 15 5)
a 6
15 25
5 4.
10( 15 5)
10
(b a a b )(a b b a ) (b a ) 2 ( a b ) 2
( 15 5)
ab ab
15 5
b 2 a a 2b ab
19. ab ab
11 11 11 3
b 2 a ab a 2b ab
11 3 11 3 11 3
ab
b ab a ab 5. 11 ( 11 3)
11 3
11 33
8
1B (page 1.12)
2 2 2 2 5
1 1 5 3
2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5
5 3 5 3 5 3
6. 2 (2 2 5)
1. 5 3
85
53
5 3 4 10
2 3
1 1 1 5 6 1 6 7
5 6 6 7 5 6 5 6 6 7 6 x7 y x y x y
14.
5 6 6 7 x y x y x y
56 67
( x ) 2 2( x )( y ) ( y ) 2
( 5 6) ( 6 7)
( x )2 ( y )2
5 6 6 7
x y 2 xy
7 5
x y
11.
15.
4 3 4 4 3 3 3 4
4 3 34 4 3 4 3 34 3 4 2 2 x 1 x 1
x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1
4( 4 3 ) 3 ( 3 4)
16 3 3 16 2( x 1 x 1 )
( x 1) ( x 1)
16 4 3 3 4 3
x 1 x 1
13 13
16 4 3 3 4 3
13 16.
19
13
n2 n n2 1 2 (1 3 ) 6 (1 3)
(n 2 n) ( n 2 1) 1 3
2 6 6 18
n2 n n2 1
2
n 1
2 6 6 3 2
2
2x 2x 1 2x 1 6 2
1 2x 1 1 2x 1 1 2x 1 2
2 6
2 x (1 2 x 1 ) ( 6 2 )2
1 3 1 3
17. 1 ( 2 x 1)
( 6 ) 2 2( 6 )( 2 ) ( 2 ) 2
2 x (1 2 x 1 )
6 2 12 2
2 x
6 2 2 3 2
2x 1 1
84 3
18.
2x 3 2x 3 3x 1 x2
21.
3x 1 x2 3x 1 x2 3x 1 x2
x 1 x 1
(2 x 3)( 3 x 1 x 2 ) x 1 x x 1 x
(3 x 1) ( x 2)
x 1 x 1 x x 1 x 1 x
(2 x 3)( 3 x 1 x 2) x 1 x x 1 x x 1 x x 1 x
2x 3
x2 1 x2 x x2 1 x2 x
3x 1 x2 ( x 1) x ( x 1) x
x2 1 x2 x ( x2 1 x2 x )
1 1
19. x2 x x2 x
2 3 2 3
1 2 3 1 2 3
2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 a
1
2 5
1
a 2 5
2 3 ( 2 3)
1 2 5
23 2 5
2 5 2 5
2 3 22. (a)
2 5
2 5
2 45
1 1 (2 3 ) 2
2 3 2 3 2 5 2 5
12 2 5
2 2
20. 1 1 1
a a 2( a )
2
a b 2 2 3 5
2 4a 4a 4ab 3 5 3 5 3 5
a 2 4a 4. 2(3 5 )
2 4a 2 4a 95
b 4a 4ab 3 5
4a 4ab 4a 4ab
2
24.
a (2 4 a ) b( 4 a 4 a b )
a b 3 3 2 2 5
4a 2 4ab 4a 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5
4ab 2 5.
3( 2 2 5 )
9 2 85
2 2 5
1
30 30 3 5 5 3
3 5 5 3 3 5 5 3 3 5 5 3
6.
30(3 5 5 3 )
45 75
1 (page 1.15) 5 3 3 5
3 1 3 3 1 27
3 2 3 2 45 48
3 27 3 3 27 27
45 48 45 48 45 48
3 3 27 3 2 ( 45 48 )
7.
1. 3 27 45 48
3 3 90 96
3
27 3 10 4 6
8 3
9 2 2 2 2 3 2
3 2 3 2 3 2
8. 62 2 3 2 2
92
85 2
7
125 1 125 1 5 2 ( 56 7 48 42 ) ( 56 48 7 42 )
5 2 5 2 5 2 0
(x xy ) ( xy y )
12.
x y
x y
5 5
x y
13 2 2 13 2 2
5 13 2 2 5 13 2 2 (b) Put x a b and y a b .
13 2 2 13 2 2 13 2 2 13 2 2 By (a),
5( 13 2 2 ) 5( 13 2 2 ) ab ab x y
13 8 13 8 ab ab ab ab x y
( 13 2 2 ) ( 13 2 2 ) ( a b ) ( a b)
4 2
( a b) ( a b)
2a
2b
13.
a
b
7 28 7 7 3 28 7 3
7 3 7 3 7 3 7 3 7 3 7 3
17. Area of the rectangle AB BC
7 ( 7 3) 28 ( 7 3 )
73 73
7 21 196 84
4
7 21 14 2 21
4
21 21
4
2 1 3 2 4 3 25 24
1 1 1 1
(3 7 )(3 7)
18. (a) 97 2 1 3 2 4 3 25 24
2 ( 2 3 4 25 ) (1 2 3 24 )
3 7 3 7 25 1
4
3 7 3 7
(c)
3 7 3 7 3 7 3 7
(b)
3 7 3 7 3 7 3 7 a
a
a
a
2a a 3a 2a 4a 3a 25a 24a
96 7 7 96 7 7
2 2 a 1 1 1 1
16 a 2 1 3 2 4 3 25 24
4 a
16
(d)
2 2
b b b
(c)
16
26b 25b 27b 26b 28b 27b
2 2 16
b
16 2 100b 99b
32
b( 26b 25b ) b( 27b 26b ) b( 28b 27b )
Alternative method: b b b
( ) 2 2 2 2 b( 100b 99b )
(3 7 3 7 ) 2 2 2 2 2 b
2 2 62 4 ( 26b 25b ) ( 27b 26b ) ( 28b 27b )
32 ( 100b 99b )
(c) x2 7x 3 0
c c c c ( 7) (7) 2 4(1)(3)
5 2 x
2 10 10 18 18 26 234 242 2(1)
7 37
c 1 1 1 1
5 2 2
2 1 5 5 9 9 13
117 121 The equation has no roots in positive rational numbers.
c 5 7 12 cannot be expressed in the form of
5 2
2 2 p q ( p and q are positive rational numbers).
c4
22. Solution is not available for the public exam question due to
copyright restrictions.
(page 1.18) 8 2 8 2
1.
(a) ( p 2
q) p q 2 pq 16
If p q a2 b , then 4
a p q It is a rational number.
b pq
9 84 (a) 7 3
(b) 8 6 ( 7 )2 ( 3 )2
3 2 21 7 3
8 2 4
3 21
8 4 4 5 3
5 3 5 3 5 3
20 2 5 20 2 5 10 4(5 3)
10 10 10 (b) 5 ( 3 )2
2
20 10 2 50 4(5 3 )
(c)
10 22
20 10 2 5 2 10 2 3
10 11
2 10 2
a 6a a 6a 2a
1 1 1 7 3 1 3 11
2a 2a 2a
7 9 9 11 7 3 7 3 3 11 3 11
a 2 a 12 7 3 3 11
(c) 2a 79 9 11
a( 2 2 3 )
7 3 3 11
2a
2
2 2 3
11 7
2
2
(b)
p p p p 1 3 2 7 3 2 7 14
p p 1 p p 1 p p 1 14 14 14
(a) p( p p 1) 4. 3 14 2 98
p ( p 1) 14
p p p p 1 3 14 14 2
14
p 1 p 1 p 1 2
4 4 12
p 1 2 p 1 2 p 1 2 5 3 5 3
12 12 12
(b) p 1( p 1 2)
4 12
( p 1) 2 5 3
5. 12
p 1 2p 2
2 3
p 1 5 3
3
13 3
3
31 31 2 8
2 8 2 8 2 8
31( 2 8)
2. 2 64
31( 2 8)
62
2 8
2
2 3 2 3 5 3
5 3 5 3 5 3
3. 2 3( 5 3)
53
3( 5 3)
15 3
2 2 6 2 2 6 2 2 6
2 2 6 2 2 6 2 2 6
8 4 12 6
4.
86
14 8 3
2
74 3
5.
x 2 x x 2 2 x 2
x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2
( x 2 x ) ( 2 x 4)
x4
x4
x4
6.