S2M Ch 18 统计学（教程）2023

Chapter 18 统计学
18.1 Page 2
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___________________ ___________________
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___________________
例1 92 20
45 78 65 82 90 34 66 78 79 88
12 25 67 56 49 51 91 83 28 77
92 ___________ ___________
20 ___________ ___________
A. ___________________ __________
____________________________
_____________________ ___________ ___________
___________ ___________ ___________
B. ___________________ ___________
_______________________________________________________
____________ ___________
___________
___________ ___________
181 | P a g e C H A P T E R 1 8 alting
18.2 Page 3
A. Page 3
_________________ ________________
1. _____________
2. _____________
3. _____________
4. _____________
5. __________________
例2 6 52
5 6 4 4 3 0 2 2 2 3 1 6 4
5 6 5 4 0 2 3 3 2 5 4 4 3
1 2 2 5 5 4 3 3 2 3 3 5 4
3 3 2 2 3 1 2 3 3 4 4 4 5
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
B. Page 7
_________________________
______________
_____________
___________
C. Page 7
__________________
_____________
_______________
_______
____________
例3 40
7 6 4 6 8 3 5 5 6 1
4 4 7 7 5 9 5 4 6 3
6 2 4 5 3 5 6 5 6 4
5 5 6 3 4 5 8 7 7 10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
例4 50
63 97 75 64 60 37 44 69 43 50
82 60 55 73 87 75 78 77 67 32
54 89 65 52 48 47 63 65 68 56
70 55 40 86 78 65 66 93 60 42
50 86 68 35 73 50 57 58 38 60
= =
=
30 – 39
40 – 49
例5 cm
151 122 132 145 135 150 156 147 148 154
127 140 148 150 152 150 149 158 152 125
134 145 147 152 151 147 146 152 150 147
132 150 145 155 154 150 147 150 149 145
1. =
2. =
3. =
4.
cm
例6 50
1 1 1
5 6 6 7 7
2 2 2
3 8 10 20 9
例7 50
30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99
4 6 10 15 8 5 2
例8 kg 60
kg 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 40-45 45-50

1 2 10 25 18 4
kg
D. Page 10
________________
E. Page 11
______________ _______________
_______ ___________
_____________________
100
_______________________
例9 cm 120
76-78 78-80 80-82 82-84 84-86 86-88 88-90 90-92

cm
2 5 7 18 40 28 15 5
a.
b. 83cm
c. 87 cm
cm
例10 50
51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90 91-100
6 10 13 16 5
例11 100
0.10 0.30 0.50 0.70 0.90 1.10 1.30
- - - - - - -
0.29 0.49 0.69 0.89 1.09 1.29 1.49
3 13 17 32 23 7 5
例12 40
165.4 164.9 176.9 167.3 168.8 155.0 162.5 173.6 177.0 166.0
170.2 167.7 175.4 178.3 165.4 162.8 174.7 180.1 153.3 157.8
168.6 166.2 159.1 171.9 156.8 160.3 170.4 184.5 172.5 160.9
176.0 161.2 169.3 172.2 163.3 154.2 164.7 166.5 163.6 167.2
(a) =_________ =_________
(b) =
(c) 152.5 – 157.5
(cm)
(d)
(e)
(cm)
(f)
例13
30 18 70 61 17 23 50 44 71 32
49 23 69 74 65 18 40 37 46 66
15 51 60 35 68 69 23 47 38 53
63 73 19 23 48 64 65 56 32 31
67 54 64 25 24 35 63 70 20 36
(a)
15-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55-64
65-74
(b)
例14 50
40 - 49 50 - 59 60 - 69 70 - 79 80 - 89
8 13 13 11 5
(a)
40 - 49
50 - 59
60 - 69
70 - 79
80 - 89
(b)
2cm 10 2cm 10
(c) 55 (b)
18.3 Page 14
A. Page 14
___________________
(a)
n x1, x2 , x3 ,......, xn
1
x= (x1 + x2 + x3 + ...... + xn )
n
1
=  xi
n
例15 3, 5, 2, 6, 3, 7, 9
例16
80 73 78 96 67 75 79
78 67 53 75 89 92 83
例17 1 x 4 7 14 2 6 x
例18 x1 x2 x3 x4 44 y1 y2 y3 y4 y5 y6
88
例19 y − x 6 7 9 11 2y 7
2x + 4 y + 5 x y
(b)
x1 , x2 , x3 ,......, xn f1 , f 2 , f 3 ,......, f n
f1 x1 + f 2 x2 + f 3 x3 + ......+ f n xn
x=
f1 + f 2 + f 3 + .......+ f n
=
 f i xi
 fi
例20 40
(RM) 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50
3 5 7 15 6 4
(RM) xi fi f i xi
x=
 f i xi = =
 fi
例21 20 (kg)
(kg) 130-134 135-139 140-144 145-149 150-154
4 3 5 6 2 20
(kg) xi fi fi xi
x=
 f i xi = =
 fi
例22 35 (cm)
(cm) 125-135 135-145 145-155 155-165 165-175 175-185
2 4 6 13 8 2
(cm) xi fi f i xi
x=
 f i xi = =
 fi
例23 66
30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99
x 12 15 y 8 6 4
xi fi f i xi
60.7 x y
B. Page 15
___________________
w1 x1 + w2 x2 + w3 x3 + ......+ wn xn
=
w1 + w2 + w3 + .......+ wn
=
 wi xi
 wi
例24
7 6 6 7 3 3 2
80 73 78 96 67 75 79
78 67 53 75 89 92 83
xi wi xi wi xi wi xi wi
=
 wi xi =
 wi xi
 wi  wi
C. Page 21
(a)
(1) n
n +1
=
2
a1，a2，a3，a4，a5，a6，a7，a8，a9
例25 11
11 15 17 14 10 15 19 17 16 14 12
11
例26 49
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.5
2 3 4 3 4 9 9 10 5
(2) n
n n +1
=
2 2
a1，a2，a3，a4，a5，a6，a7，a8
例27 12 (kg)
45 50 43 67 53 61
66 58 49 52 55 55
例28
89 65 69 77 92
51 47 82 78 45
(b)
50%
n
Lm
Cm
fm
Fm
n 
 − Fm 
M = Lm +  2 Cm
 m 
f
 
例29 62 10 cm
(cm) 100-120 120-140 140-160 160-180 180-200 200-220
6 10 22 15 8 1
(a) (b)
(cm) (cm)
n= =
Lm = Cm =
fm = Fm =
n 
 − Fm 
M = Lm +  2 Cm
 f m 
 
例30 21
(h) 1.1-1.3 1.4-1.6 1.7-1.9 2.0-2.2 2.3-2.5
4 3 5 4 5
(h) (h)
n= =
Lm = Cm =
fm = Fm =
n 
 − Fm 
M = Lm +  2 Cm
 f m 
 
D. Page 27
___________
__________
__________
(a)
例31
a. 63 64 60 65 67 63 61 64
b. 3 2 2 5 3 2 2 5 3 3 5 2 3
c. 3 1 2 4 5
d. 1 3 5 2 4 6 1 2 5 6 3 4
例32 40
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
2 7 11 10 6 3 1
(b)
L
C
d1
d2
 d1 
= L +  C
 1
d + d 2
例33
51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90 91-100
4 10 18 12 6
(a)
(b)
(c)
(a) =
(b)
(c)
L= C= d1 = d2 =
 d1 
= L +  C
 d1 + d 2 
例34 36
20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89
2 6 10 12 3 2 1
(a)
(b)
(c)
(a) =
(b)
(c)
(d)
L= C= d1 = d2 =
 d1 
= L +  C
 1
d + d 2
例35 7 5 4.8
例36
0 1 2 3 4
4 2 x 5 3
a. 2 x
b. 2 x
c. 2.05 x
18.4 Page 33
A. Page 33
_____________
(a)
例37 20 cm
167 154 159 166 169 159 156 166 162 158
158 160 165 158 163 153 157 161 154 165
(b)
例38
(h) 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35
18 15 20 14 15 10 8
(h) fi xi f i xi (h)
B. Page 35
(a)
(1) n
a1，a2，a3，a4，a5，a6，a7，a8
Q.D.=
例39 12 kg
45 50 43 67 53 61 66 58 49 52 55 55
(2) n
a1，a2，a3，a4，a5，a6，a7，a8，a9
Q.D.=
例40 11
11 15 17 14 10 15 17 16 14 12 18
11
例41
a. 7 8 25 4 17 13
b. 3 5 8 11 2 7 4 10 16 17 15
c. 7 2 6 4 4 3 9 9 8
d. 20 11 5 21 6 17 2 6 7 7 7 8
(b)
__________% Q1
__________% Q2
__________% Q3
n  fi
Lk Qk
Ck Qk
fk Qk
Fk Qk
n 
 − F1 
Q1 = L1 +  4 C1
 f1 
 
 3n 
 − F3 
Q3 = L3 +  4 C3
 f 3 
 
例42 60
(RM) 401-420 421-440 441-460 461-480 481-500
2 17 20 15 6
a.
b.
a.
(RM) (RM)
Q1 = Q2 = Q3 =
Q3 − Q1
Q.D. =
2
b.
n 
n  − F1 
n= = Q1 = L1 +  4 C1
4
 1 
f
=  
L1 = U1 =
C1 =
f1 =
F1 =
n 
n  − Fm 
n= =
Q2 = Lm +  2 Cm
2
=  m 
f
 
Lm = U m =
Cm =
fm =
Fm =
 3n 
3n  − F3 
n= = Q3 = L3 +  4 C3
4
=  f 3 
 
L3 = U 3 =
C3 =
f3 =
F3 =
Q3 − Q1
Q.D. = = =
2
例43 60
(cm)
150-155 3
155-160 10
160-165 22
165-170 37
170-175 51
175-180 58
180-185 60
a.
b.
Q1 =
Q2 =
Q3 =
Q3 − Q1
Q.D. = =
2
c.
n 
n  − F1 
n= = Q1 = L1 +  4 C1
4
 1 
f
=
 
L1 = U1 =
C1 =
f1 =
F1 =
n 
n=
n
=  − Fm 
2 Q2 = Lm +  2 Cm
=  f m 
Lm = U m =  
Cm =
fm =
Fm =
 3n 
n=
3n
=  − F3 
4 Q3 = L3 +  4 C3
=  f 3 
 
L3 = U 3 =
C3 =
f3 =
F3 =
Q3 − Q1
Q.D. = = =
2
C. Page 41
(a)
1
=
n
 xi − x
例44 3 5 2 6 3 7 9
例45
80 72 78 96 67 75 79 56
(b)
M.D. =
 xi − x fi
 fi
例46 40
(RM) 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50
3 5 7 15 6 4
(RM) xi fi xi f i xi − x xi − x f i
x=
 xi f i = =
 fi
 xi − x f i =
M.D. = =
 fi
例47 35 (cm)
(cm) 125-135 135-145 145-155 155-165 165-175 175-185
2 4 6 13 8 2
(cm) xi fi xi f i xi − x xi − x fi
x=
xi fi
= =
 fi
 xi − x f i
M.D. = = =
 i f
例48
xi fi xi f i xi − x xi − x fi
50-54 2
55-59 3
60-64 5
65-69 7
70-74 9
75-79 6
x=
fi xi
= =
 fi
 f i xi − x =
M.D. = =
 fi
D. page 44
(a)
1
 2 =  ( xi − x )2
n
1
=  (xi − x )
2
n
 =  i − x2
2
x
2
n
 =  i − x2
2
x
n
例49 3 5 2 6 3 7 9
1
x =  xi
n
 xi =
2
 =  i − x2
2
2 x
n
 =  i − x2
2
x
n
(b)
(x − x ) f i
 = i
2
2
 fi
 (xi − x )2 f i
=
 fi
 =2 xi 2 fi
− x2
 fi
=  xi 2 fi
− x2
 fi
例50 48
4 5 6 7 8
6 13 10 9 10
xi fi xi f i xi2 f i
x=
xi fi
= =
 i
f
 =  i i − x2 =
2
x f
2
−( )2 =
 fi
 =  i i − x2 =
2
x f
=
 fi
例51 50
0-2 3-5 6-8 9-11 12-14

4 9 15 12 10
xi fi xi f i xi2 f i
x=
xi fi
= =
 i
f
 =  i i − x2 =
2
x f
2
−( )2 =
 fi
 =  i i − x2 =
2
x f
=
 fi
18.5 page 50
v= 
例52 40 153.3cm 5.6 cm

44.5 kg 3.4 kg
例53 100 70
10 70 40
8
例54 A B
30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79
A 5 7 8 6 4
B 8 5 6 3 8
a.
1.
2.
3.
b.
18.7 page 62
A. page 62
_____________
_______________
Q0
Q1
I= 
100
例55 2017 250 2016 220

2016 2017
例56 2010 2014
2010
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
700 621 584.1 720.5 800
B. page 63
P0
P1
= 
例57 A B C D 2019 2020
A B C D
2019 RM 1.60 3.00 8.00 14.20
2020 RM 2.00 3.50 9.50 16.80
2019
2019 2020 P1
= 100
RM RM P0
A
C. page 65
n
___________________
n
x1, x2 ,......, xn w1, w2 ,......, wn
xi i
______________________
______________________
例58 A B C D 2019 2020
A B C D
2019 RM 3.20 1.50 1.20 2.50
2020 RM 4.00 3.00 3.00 4.00
4 5 6 7
2019
2019 2020
2019 2020
xi wi xi wi
RM RM
A
=
 xi wi = =
 wi
例59 2019 2020
2019 RM 2020 RM
70 85 10
90 130 20
65 80 8
80 100 15
40 55 3
2019 2020
xi wi xi wi
RM RM
=
 xi wi = =
 wi
例60 P Q R S 2000 2005
2000 RM 2005 RM
P a 5.25 150 2
Q 6.00 6.90 b 4
R 10.00 10.50 105 1
S 8.00 c 120 3
2000
a. a b c
b. 2005
xi wi xi wi
P
Q
R
S
=
 xi wi = =
 wi
例61 P Q R 1983 1985
1983 1985 1985

1980 1980 1983
P a 105 120 5
Q 110 120 b 6
R 125 175 140 4
a. a b
b. 1980 1985
例62 2019 2020
A 120 2
B 110 2x
C 105 6
D 135 3x
E 125 2
2020 119.25
a. x
b. A 2020 RM 30 2019
c. E 2019 RM 50 2020
xi wi wi xi
A
B
C
D
E
-
例63 2015 2020
RM
2015 2020
A 30 a − 10 2
B 50 a 3
2015
a. 2020 a
b. 2020

S2M Ch 18 统计学（教程）2023

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S2M Ch 18 统计学（教程）2023

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Chapter 18 统计学

kg 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 40-45 45-50

76-78 78-80 80-82 82-84 84-86 86-88 88-90 90-92

0-2 3-5 6-8 9-11 12-14

例52 40 153.3cm 5.6 cm

例55 2017 250 2016 220

1983 1985 1985

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