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  • Philosophie Au Naturel 2003

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    kk

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    5 vues8 pages

    Philosophie Au Naturel 2003

    Transféré par

    frederick
    kk

    Droits d'auteur :

    © All Rights Reserved
    Téléchargez comme PDF ou lisez en ligne sur Scribd
    Signaler comme contenu inapproprié
    sur 8
    Becoming Human New Perspectives on the Inhuman Condition Eprrep ay PAUL SHEEHAN Fone woRn sy StIVEN Connon 4 Philosophie au Naturel John Mullarkey ‘What isthe relationship Between philosophy and nature? Musi he me ated hy since and by phys im parelar? What are the connection— Itstonsl and logcal~tetmeen “natural plow,” “the philosophy of nto" and “phowopical paturalism,” and are there ferent concep (fms at ply in each of thse domains? These ae all huge questions, ‘reo bat I wll nly susstion hee whether one nial approach themeintheelatonahip of philosophy to physics, of philosophy 19 na {ure an! of pilosophy to scence-—ght be inscapably peace by more anetring appt. chick one mi al the dualism of thi Tosonby and matres ere sibs This broader positon concern the du lyf bumamty sn mate, and, particular, humanity place, or lack ‘fit arares Specialy though, wane to argue hat his day, gan ‘hal, bens fess and less tenable when ope broadens one nocon of the natural n philosophy, thar there are nonredutve forms of nara Ivailabl for thought, and that, a leat an reent times, Continental ‘lop has hon oery narra as sterprtaion ad consequent Fevionefnaoratsm. Allin al woul keto point m3 mew Tine of (Cn ‘Shetal thinking thats happy t reunte human with es plc amature, bh ota the price of redaing, but rather, ams at restoring an inherent Sle oth The lationship berween humanity and nature is unquestionably probe lemascs and not spy because the hitory of es sterpretation has een inlanepart am acthnonions ane wth Wenera plalosophers fr the most par at est unt the minerenth cea) aking every step possible {stan the human from she natural by dering aru and exating ho Imani. The pase human, hyphen, nature,” also perplexing, becase ‘tthe sight of is constent erms Inthe meaning of “nacre in reapect ots opositon to human Paral has ben looked pon aenatvely alla once athe ‘imal ce the animal im general, aout human pyroogy oF lin penral ors the uomanutctred nvronment sound which Wan onc immediatly environing landscape, the nie cath the whole universe). Nate may equally be wrest simply 8 the material stat makes ip the physical wor apo all “materiae), and many materia phlowophes wou als ves thereby ax nateralins. In adtion to thy “nate” may the various laws physics and chemists use to describe hie iehined version ofthe mater’ portion ened “phys oselyasocated with the schoo contemporary Snauralism™ ese wn ovr athe “eral pero Be capo stern es ee eet ees ee ee eee gsc noe wan ens er cers reas eee ec tees een ere cig are eee ie eee ees ee rn eer arcs ey pans te pecs fio a ee an ee eso ca cos ise. coos ee tp ee ee Foie en Se ER eee Skeeter Ee essa tn eo racer a eee torsos aa Seer es Proscrne ay Nason Fa ature in question is always one that has already beon worked over by Roman funds, Whot welcomes ms hack not the nate ou pest forebears anima lon or pantheit—would have unerstnnd t trimer likly the material nature of paysite evoetonary character Of ie Darwinsmls or the instinctive, unconscious character of ind (Fee inns) that reaches outro embrace the workings ofthe human sou. In Shore when modern since replaces humanity within the natal real, isina sani nature that hav already bon reduced vo a baman interpre inioa ee Behind this contemporary natrali/antatraim split, ofcourse cena concen egading the late of humanity’ place im nature his ‘ezsed both postions shave common peje. The naterai nd 3 faturaist ead realize that humanity and nature share something—heie ‘rater comtzion bur both ive dat ti of ile mora val; they {iver Pause the natralist applauds that fact and ees to frter i com Seauencs with worl redaction of many, while dhe aninauralist fears nl rss it by eying to off the caime of nature with certain Facute, power and son that are exclsive to mankind (beng, richanwor™ Nchaely having language ational even a face ee) 1 highly fae har, in mon cases, ner makes any serions reappraisal a 0 the ‘rina ination of ature value ‘Vater sa rarely pursed line of thinking that does no share this sss fhe pr as oe de tn thn are trap lewophars wir do ee nature a purely ier realm or deny nature any tmmanen power In Continental thonghe thi typeof nonreductive na ‘alg spaced by figures ike Bergan, Merten, Bacher and {Ganguly a well ay contemporaries such a5 Delewe, Laueley and ‘Stenger The names ore are of thinkers who were never aghast a philoso ‘hing onthe topics of scene, matter, biol oF nature but WhO Were, ‘heme, never scentte oe unertclin tei nrralism So before accepting or recting the idea that humans are only watral ‘objets and nohing tore we mighe Sat investigate what t mean 1 ay thar we really are "only biologie, chemical, or material. What is the Inport and foundation of the ethics of any natralism, bei redctive or horedacive What the basis for the ue ofthe etn “on? Uae, Ateare asking whether thee only ce way tbe nateraii in phlso: Fins oce way of naturazing humanity, and so wheter thet but one Ipproash to be accepted ot rejected. [NATURE AND REDUCTION hg an pny nna ee ty sea fom ss atria mate “anerray pli ‘hy har striven primaily to reverse this proses, bur only by depositing humaniy within i sewrked nderanding of nat. Thus, or example, David Pope's Polcopbical Natrlo si dened the ve tht hman te atrial bjs ng sacl wold *Natusa” and iret vero “to atrain” ate mow sonnet with mater the scenic view that al of realty himanely Bos down or rer ‘tung orton Ac abel Nature ado py he hs eryting el be explained though bth he human and ve vonburan ‘Stes wou any couse saperatnl etic, pret pes Shar eren he haan sean edt the acral ell athe ha iets redecbe fot cet ond abc of te sera a “Tonunwalne ow esa to eco mateo ake what war oct aed ss independent frm nture-haman api, human roy, oF Homan tinguge aad cole i wiking sf mre pari and eres Jere have ged his erm 0 rice” a mame of times, do we now exact what weducnie* meat Ia he arobucton So Icon of eas on the topic reductionist accounts ae described a aime ese ereracmee rceea ted Hs ocpaetaed poertnnwe reeyenecha pico characetand in tro the reding vocal." For these iat eceee Ee aera) ‘lamar ofthe mar fds the mousation fr credace naar fern he coast berween concep none scalar appearing problem Poca: eeaveeian etnias IRcunon of cone rom he ater ito shone ft fom” erie hen scl maw i wm ction den ine hve bern mergers ponte fy Hobe ks es ei rere ff or a Apt Rede? Kes wooo iene pt of a nereing ene deft everyting ama 0 ng nha Wh chien that here have says bce edo ‘heorer~materiaism in ancient Greece lor example—more rece Novick obsrves,ch thes have mod othe ete ofthe mel fualwege These views undermining making, a degra pee ‘tachmens, pnp, maton and mee of ton, ave now come te taps proves cre iw of cnr Noch rps iat meh Cl ‘Sanaapsiny selcsbnisn pends om the mlroseopey inhi, 18d ener reales of impersonal pach ores, dumb cconomic law, Soa eae eee Oa ei ae ‘Somos a a ey ht an ha tet the redaction gh epee mon, there ses 2m Baar lt to date, Ar Nest ronan, "Radeon ov es the more valuable tothe less salu, the more the ke tmonigf the relation i redesign gy vg Prnosorie ae Nant 9° aside he negative connotations ofthe word “reduce the noemal eaten fn sedasonn texts it alk ofall beng ome than "sme oe “onl 9.” and soon. As abel Stegers pts, "Plropostions that cr tain the word ‘ony areal by nature, redo Those hoy vice this sword ate aueibuting 4 chemslvs the power of jadying "There alo tal of “hier” levels being derived rom “lower” lvl The ent mt simply to debunk she opposing explanation but to devalue the rel in ‘whe thar explanation rons the whole of this argument onthe side ofthe reductionnt a well ‘ss thcanveductionis (ike Novick, simply assumes thay isthe ater teal: ca be equated with Bind nerolopiel, haxhemcal or motel forces, and that, second, neurlogsea, buochemical, and motel ores ‘herwelves are inherently lacking in any vale, so that a equation Between these andthe human is neceary one Jprecating the amen. Ye these ‘are numerous ther philosophical forms of natural that do ot depreciate the natural realm while slo embracing the fac that humans ee nator ‘bjecm throug and through, Tei oe eiffel ose that what ely appl so many Western think: crsike Novick about the natralation of humanity the pragmatic con esque’ for te teament ha fallow from i becase we know thst ata bere ttre an sh mara forts nly ene faded asa license wo mistreat nature at willy subsequenexeaton Be "ween humanity and this dmb natre spall out an equally omninoy te for us This Furopean ater rowaed nature a well ay toward mater self aps to mark «conta with oer socket, sch 3 Tans whens {he cantnuing presence of animist thought nthe calute slows or 3 oo degraded view of matey and with that, ales crying prospect fora materi human. I as even Been proposed that “Japanese National Scene could "reconcile ue with mate tnsead of oppenng fe> Here ‘we se the powitiliy ofan ideation ofthe human wih he ier tat would he les ikely to bring with the ual connotation of «reduction NNovethelss, such equanimity has not been the norm, and twentieth

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