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Pe.uaKUHHTa aa "ApXeOJIOfHH" npaexa sa o6C'bH<.uaHe MaTepHaJIHTe, npencrasena ua O'bJlfapCKH e3HK B 2 eK3. (mescm u naY'-ten anapam) na MallIHHa (crpanana OT 30 pena no 66 ynapa) C KaqeCTBeHH aa ornesarsaae otipasu, cnUC7JK na otipasume (2 eK3.) H peSIOMe (3 eK3.). Ilpesona aa MaTepHaJIH or qyH<.u aa 6'bJIrapCKH e3HK H npenacaaae na MalllHHa peaaxuarrra He H3B'bpWBa.

La redaction d' ApXeOJIOfHH accepte les rnateriaux pour etre examines, presentes en langue bulgare en 2 ex. (texte et appareil scientifique) dactylographies (page de 30/lignes-66 frappes), accompagnes de figures propres a etre imprirriees, lisie des figures (2 ex.) et resume (3 ex.). La traduction en bulgare et les textes dactylographies doivent etre assures par l'auteur.

Ha x o p n n a r a

Haoepotina tuona c naonuc «a ep7JlfKU eSUK om M. .Ceemu Tooop" «ptu; c. Ilunepuua, Bsaeoeeepaccxu OKp'Oe.

CI-l1IMIW K. Kapatie.ieoea

Sur la couverture

Dalle sepulcrale avec inscription en langue grecgue du lieu-dit .Soeii Todor" pres du village Pipe rica , departemeni de Blagoeograd.

Photo K. Karabeliooa

© Apxeoaoraxecxa HHCTHTYT H Mysel1 IIpH BAH 1987

c/o Jusautor, Sofia

ISSN 0324·1203

AP XE 01\0 r-V151

roo. XXIX 1

1987

oprAH HA AP~EOnOrHYECKHR HHCTHTYT H MY3ER tt P H 6 'b n rAP C KAT A A K A D. E M H R HA HAY K H T E

Marepaam or npeXO,l(HHSI nepaon Me}l(,l(Y KaMeHHOMe,ll.Hara H 6pOH30Bara enoxa OT Cesepna 6bJlrapHSI

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nET,Sl rEoprHEBA

B npaacropaara na IOroH3ToqHa EBpOnaB'bnpOCHTe, 3aCSlraIII.H npexona Me:!K.n:y K,aMeHHOMe.QHaTa H 6pOH30BaTa enoxavca e.QHH OT Haii-.QHCKYTHpaHHTe H CJIO:!KHH sa paspeuranaae. TI'bpBOHaqaJIHO B nareparypera re ca pa,3rJJe:!K}l.aHHTJIaBHO B'bB spsaxa CBHe- 3anSHSI' Kpaii aa ',,6JJeCTSlm;aTe" 'l<'bCHoeHeo· JJHTHH KyJJTypH H npOH3XO.Q8. Ii ,cpopMHpaHfTO na paHHo(5poH30BHTe. Hssecranre <l!aKTH, C~'bp~ 3aHH C Te3H'$IBJIeHHSI: ,-'- onoscapenare XOpH- 30HTH B CeJJHIII.HHTe MOrHJIH, 6eJIe:!KeIII.H xpas Ha eHeOJIHTa, Henocpe.QCTBeHO CJIe.QBaIII.HTe ra XHaTYCH, npOMeHHTe B :!KHJIHIII.HOTO CTpOHTeJICTBO, B MeTaJIypruqHOTO npOH3BO.QCTBO, C'bIII.e~ CTBeHHTe pa3JIH'tJHH B'bB cpopMaTa H opaauenraUH5IT3 aa xepaxnxara, H3qe3BaHeTO na 6orarara H.QOJIHa nJIaCTHKa, KaKrO H .QaHHHTe aa XpOHOJIOrHqeCKaTa pa3JJHKa, C'bIII.eCTBYBaIII.a Me:!K.Qy apXeOJIOrHqeCKHTe KyJITypH OT .QBeTe enOXH, Hee,n:HOKpaTHO ca HaT'bKBaHH H KOMeHTHpaHHI.

Harpynaaara npea nOCJIe.QHlne rO.QHHH xaqeCTBeHO noaa HH<l!opMaUHH .QOBe.Qe .QO HOB eran B npoyssasero aa Ta3H np06JIeMaTHKa. Ycnexnre B nsysasaaero na Haii-paHHaT3 HCTOpHSI ua crenanre rinexeaa OT Ceaepaoxepnoxopcxara aOHa2 nanoxa rrspaoaauanea TJIaC'bK sa npeOCMHCJISlHe aa penaua H3BeCTHH sese HaXO.QKH3. TIpeUH3HpaHeTOHa nepHO.QH3aUHSlTa H XpOHOJJOrnSlTa aa npaacropnsra nOTB'bp.QH C'bIII.eCTBYBaHeTOHa aenpoyxen nepnon A1e:!K.Qy xpas ira KyJITypHTe OT KaMeHRoMe.QHaTa enoxa H HaqaJIOTO na Te3H or paHH06pOH30BaTa4• Baxa OTKpHTH pennna CeJlHIII.a, OTHaCHIII.H ce K'bM T03H nepaon - OBqapOBo-TIJlaTOTO II, Ilesen II, XOTHHua-Bo.Qona.Qa, Pe6'bpKOBObyrepa, raJIaTHH--tIYKaTa, TeJIHIll III, 51ro-

.QHHcka nemepa". TIoCTeneHHo B aareparypara ce HaJIO:!KH CXBaIII.aHeTO, qe npexozrsr K'bM 6POH- 30BaTa enoxa e npO.Q'bJI:!KHTeJIeH nponec, qHeTO OCHOBRO c'b.Q'bp:!KaHHe H pe3YJITaT e cpoPMHpaaero aa HOBH eTHoKyJITypHH 06III.HOCTHB. Ta3HHo:aB. nOCTaHOBKa nOCTaBH sa pemasane penaua B'bnpOCH, caspsaaa c 06pa60TKaTa H aarepnperapanero na H3BeCTHHH nocera HaBopOB MaTepHaJI.

Crropen xapaxrepa aa HH¢opMauHSITa,

KOSITO .QaBaTapXeOJIoruqeCKHTe H'a130pH sa npeXO.QHHSI nepaon Me:!K.QY KaMeHHOMe.QHaTa H 6POH- 30BaTa enOXH. ca .QBa BH.Qa: 1) H3BOPH OT caMRSI nepnon - sa pa3rJIeJK,ZI.aHliSI TyK paHoH, TOBa ca .QaHIIHTe aa xyarypare raJIaTHH7, TIeseu", lJepHaBO.Qa 19, HSIKOH e.QHHHqHH HaXO.QKH (rpotose H 300Mop<l!HH CKHllTPH)10 H CHHXPOHHHTe C'bCe.QHH KyJITYPH; 2) H3BOPH OT nenocpencrseao npe.Qxo:!K.ll.am.HSI H CJle.QBaIII.HH ro nepHO.QH, .QaBaIII.H onopaa TOqKH aa cpasnaTeJIeH, .QHaxpoHeH aHaJIH3. HaBopHTe OT Ta3H rpyna ca cpaBHHTeJIHO AQ9Pe npoyseua n onacana B JIHTepaTypaTa (KYJITypHTe KPHBO.QOJICanxyua=Byoana XYM Ia11, KO.Q:!Ka.QepMeHrYMeJIHHua-KapaHOBo Vp2, BapHa13, Kono<fJeHH-Marypal4, OpJIH-Ca.QoBeu16, tIe~naaona lIPS, tIepHaBO.Qa 1117 H 51111Ha1), nopana KOeTO TyK H5IMa .Qa ce cnapaxe OOk P06HO aa TSIX.

Ky.rrypa raJIaTHH e pasnpocrpaaeaa na repnropasra aa .QHelliHa Cesepoaananaa H Cpe.QHa 3ana.QHa O'bJIrapHSI. H.QeHTHqHa e Ha KyJITypHTe Canxyna IV, XepKYJIaH II-III B. PYM'bHHSl19 H oy6aHH XYM I B B KirocaaBHSl20. Ilpoyxeaa e Haii-.Qo6pe B enOHHMHOTO CeJIHIII.e raJIaTHH-tIYKaTa21. TIPHC'bCTBHeTO it e rxoncrarapano B CeJIHIII.aTa JIHnHHua- Te-

nero, Jlecypa=-Fona'ra MOrHJIa, JIecypa,rpa,LlHIII.eT022, 0xp,Llefi -:- I(aJIeT02S, Peo'bpKOBO - ,l:J)Kyrepa ~\ TeJIIfuhIII26 fyprYJIHTneKJIIOK26 H THHHJISlf.Ie ~ OkOJl rJlaBa27 •. OT,LleJIHH eJIeMeHTH, '~apaKT~pHH sa KepaMHlJHHH KOMnJIeKC na Ta3H xy.rrypa, ca OTKpHTH cpen MaTepHaJIHTe OT nopBHH cTpOHTeJIeH XOPHSOHT

sa CeJIHIII.eTO B nemepara l\1arypa28• .

CeJIHIII.aTa aa xynrypa faJIaTHH ca pasnOJIOLKeHH na BHCOKH" eCTeCTBeHO yxpeneaa XoJIMOBe, OJIH30 ,Ll0 pexn HJIH B nemepn. B nOBelJeTO OT THXKYJITypHHTe HanJIaCTHBaHHH crpararparpcxa CJIe,LlI¥lT HanJIaCTHBaHHHTa aa KYJITypaTa I(PHBO,LlOJI-CaJIKyua. HHMa OTKPHTH sanasena LKHJIHIII.a. E,LlHHCTBeHaTa HaXO,LlKa, ,LlaBaIII.a HH¢OpMaUH.H sa apxHTeKTypHHH OOJIHK aa CeJIHIII.aTa, e e,LlHH¢pafMeHT or nO,LlOBa OOMa3Ka na Ha3eMHoJkJi.JIH~e, HaMepeH i IT sito B CeJIHIII.eTO raJIaTHH-qYKaTa. OcKo,LlHH ca ,LlaHHHTe sa Opo,LlHHTa aa Tpy)(a' H OP'b-LKHHTa. Haa-uacoaaar MaTepHaJI, C xonro paanoaaraue, e xepaxnxara. BTeXHOJIOrHlJHO OTHOlI1eHHe TH ce ,LleJIH aa TpH rpynH, pa3JIHlJaBaIII.H ce e,LlHa OT ,Llpyra no H3nOJI3YBaHHTe penerrrn sa npnrorsaae aa rJIHHeHOTO TeCTO.

I(epaMHKaTa OT nopBaTa rpyna e H3pa60- reaa OT rJIHHa, npaueceaa C HeOpraHHlJHH onOCHHTeJIH - nHCoK, ,LlpeOHH KaMolJeTa, saPOBHKOBH napxeaua, napseana KpeMoK, napxeana sepsena 6051. Co,LlOBe'I'e OT Ta3H xepaMHlJHa rpyna ca C HaH-BHCOKO KaqeCTBO. CpeIII.aT ce BoB BCHlJKH CeJIHIna na xyarypara. I1snoJI3YBaHeTo na T03H BH,Ll onOCHHTeJl e rpa.LlHUHOHHO sa pa3rJleJK,l{aHHSI paHoH.

I(epaMHKaTa OT BTopaTa rpyna e H3pa60· rena OT raaaa, npaxeceaa C OpraHHQHH onocHHTeJlH (nJIHBa HJIH 2KHBOTHHCKH eKCKpeMeRTH), B OT,LleJlHH CJlyqaH" KOMOHHHpaHH c naesx, xaM'blJeTa H napsesua xepaeaa 0051. Ilpa H3nH· QaHeTO OpraHHlJHHTe npHMeCH ca H3rOpeJIH H ca OCTaBHJIH lI1ynJIH, KOHTO JIHlJaT ,Lloope KaKTO no nOBopXHOCTTa, raxa H B JIOMa na Co.LlOBeTe. Kepaxaxara OT Ta3H rpyna e nO-ToHKOCTeHHa. I(alJeCTBOTO Ha Co,LlOBeTe e JIomo - lJHpenoT JIeCHO ce xyna, pa3MHBa H paanpanrasa. 113- nOJI3YBaHeTO na T03H BH,Ll OnOCHlfTeJI e rpa,LlHUHH, lJyLK,Lla na MeCTHOTO KepaMH"IHO npOH3- M,LlCTBO ,Ll0 xpas aa eHeOJIHTa. HaOJIIO,LlaBa ce 3a rrspsa noT npes npeXO,LlHHH nepaon B ceJIHIII.aTa na cesep OT BaJIKaHa. Ilpes paaaara OpOH30Ba enoxa npO,LloJl2KaBa pa3BHTHeTO CH B CoIII.HTe TeplfTOpHaJIHH paMKH. npOH3XOLK,Lla BePOHTHO OT CTenHHTe paHoHH aa CeBepHOTO

qepHoMopHe29• "

Kepasmxara OT rperara rpyna e H3pa60- rena OT fJIHHa, npaxeceaa CoC CHTHO C,'TPHTH lJepynKH OT MH,LlH H OXJIIOBH, nOHHI{Ora KOMOHHHpaHH C n~CbK H KaMolJeTa HJIH C HHKaKBO OpraHHlJHO B~eCTBO, H3rOpHJIO npH usnasanero H OCTaBHJIO'iiIynJIH. I(aqeCTBOTO aa cs,LlOBeTe e JIOmo -llHpe~T ,JIeCHO ce lJynHH CTpHBa, OC06eHO KOra-ro "ltOHueHTpalllIHTa na sepynaa e no.roJIHMa.H3D6J1~YBliHeTO aa T03H BH,Ll OnOCHHTeJI e Hen03HaTO B'~tTHOTO Kepa-

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MHlJHO npOH3BO,LlCTBO ,LlO KpaH Ha eHeOJIHTa H COIII.O ce nOHBHBa sa rrspnn rrsr npes pa3rJIeLK,LlaHHH: nepnon cesepao OT DaJlKaH8. I)pe3_PatInara OpOH30Ba enoxa ce cpeI,Ua B c'i>III.HTe rePHTOpHH30• npOHSXOLK,Lla BepoHTHO 'OT crerrHHTe paiimm na CeBepHOTO qepHoMopHe31•

BCHlJKH Co',LlOBe ca HspaOOTeHH aa p'sxa.

P~3JIHlJHHTe 8M lJaCTH, ocooeao npH nO-CJIOLKHHTe $:>PMH, ca OHJIIf npaseaa OT,LleJIHO If npaJIenBaHH enaa KoM ,Llpyra, TOBa ocooeao HCHO JIHlJH npa ,LloHaTa. nOBopXHOCTTa aa noselJeTO Co,LlOBe e OIfJIa lI1JIIfKOBaHa If B OT,LleJIHH CJIYlJaIf If3JIoCKaHa. UUJIIfKoT e OT ,Lloope npetIIfCTeHa rJIHHa oes BIf,LlHMH npHMeCH . .LLeOeJIHsara My ,LlOCTHra ,Ll0 2 MM. Bpssxara My CoC CTeHHTe e zroura - npa HaTHCK H MHeHe JIeCHO ce OT JIenBa H nana,

I(epaMHlJHHTe C1,,l{OBe OT TpHTe rpynn He ce pa3JIHlJaBaT no¢QpMaJIHO-¢YHKUHOHaJIHHTe CH xapaKTepHCTH:KH - cpeuiar ce e,LlHaKBH no $:>pMa Co,LlOI;e, Hall"~~~5.~~,rJlHHa C pa3JIHlJeH cseraa. n03HaTH ca CJIe,LlHHTe KepaMHtlHH

¢oPMH:

. - KOH'HtlHH OJIIO,Lla C y,LleOeJIeH OT BoTpelI1- sara crpaaa pD6 aa YCTHeTO (oop. 1:1-7);

- naHIIUH C OTBeceH HJIIf JIeKO HaKJIOHeH aassrpe nepsaa (TaOJI. 1: 8-9);

- naHHUIf C BIfCOK OTBeceH nepsaa H CIf.1JHO npo<l>HJIIfpaH HaB'bH p'h6HaycTIfeTo (oop, 1: 11); '- xyna C nOJlyccpepIf1fHa $opMa (oop. 1: 10);' - xyna C nOJly$pH'IHa <l>oPM'a H 3aBIfT aassrpe P'l>6'H~ ¥CTHeTO (06p. 1: 12);

- KynH .C'bC 3a06J1eHB kOHHQHO-UHmIH.LlpHq" aa HJln, 6HKOHH'IHa <l>opMa,rrOKplITn OT BoHlI1- sara CTp8Ha C IlIlIPOKH' XOpH30HTaJllm xaaemopn (06p. 1:12-13);

- M8J1,KH . nJlIfTKH Kynn C eCbBH.LleH npo<l>IfJI

(Mp. 2:1, 2,9', 11, 14); ,

- xyna C llIfCOKH HJIH BHCKH KyXH UH· JlHH.LlPHlJHIf CTOJItreTa H ,lJ,se MaJIKH, cpenrynoJIO}KHO nOCTaBeHH BopXy ,l{OJIHaTa tIact Ha rspoyxa ,LlpoLKKH (otip. 2:2; 3:4-11);

- nJIHTKH lJ:alilH C eaaa IfJIH ,LlBe JIeHTeCTH ,LlorOBIf,LlHH .LlpoLKKlJ, If3JIIf3aIII.H narope OT pooa na YCTHeTo (oop. 2:3, 5, 8; 4: 1);

- rOJIeMH ,l{oJIOOKH xymr CoC 3aBHT na-

ssrpe po6 aa YCTIieTO (oop. 1: 15); .

. - rspnera C OD<lBOBIf,LlHa ¢op'Ma' (oop, 1: 16-18; 2: 17);

- r-spaera C eCOBlI,LleH npoqlHJI (06p. 2: 4, 6, 7, 20);'

- aM¢oPOBH,LlHIf Co,LlOBe C BIfCOKO UHJIIfH,LlPIftlHO IfJIIf KOHIflJHO roPJIO H C¢epIftlHO THJIO (06p. 5: 2-3, 5-8, 11-12);

- csnoae C ,LlBe MaJIKH, cHMeTpHtlHO pasnOJIOLKeHIf aa po6a aa YCTIfeTO ,LlpoLKKH (T. Hap. MJIe'IHIfua) - xyna, rt.paera If aM¢opOBIf,LlHH (oop. 2: 13, 16, 19, 21; '4:2);

- tleTIfpHCTeHHIf Co,LlOBe.

I(OJIHlJeCTBOTo aa ,LlpoLKKIfTe e roJISIMO, Ilpeodaanaaar npscreaoaanaure JIeHTeCTI~ ,LlpoLKKH, npaneneaa nspxy CTeHHTe na Co,LlO'sere, 6e3 ,Lla ce B,LlaBaT B THX (oop. 2:6, 18; 3:2; 4:5). MHor06poHHIf ca If BIfCOKIfTe JIeH-

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1 0 8 • 06p. 1. Ky/lmypa Fanamu n. - Kepa.A1UKa (/:18 Fanamun - l.JYKama). M=1:4: a) n'bpea Kepa.AtU'lHa epuna; 6) emopa «epasuuina ep una; e) mpen:a ret:aAtU'tHa ep una; c) uep eeua tion; 0) JlC'b/lrra tio«. Fig. 1. Culture Galaiin - ceramique (1-18: Galatin-Cu/iata j. M=1:4: a) premier grou pe cera mique; 6) deuxieme groupe ceramique; e) iroisieme groupe cero tnique; c) couleur rouge; 0) cou leur iaune

TeCTH JlPbMKH, H3JlH3aIll,H HaJl Pb6a aa YCTHE.TO (orip. 2:3, 5, 8, 12). Ocooeno xapaxrepua ca .npbMKHTe THn "wail6eHXeHKeJl", C KPbfbJl HJlH e~HnCOBHJleH B3pacTbK OT JlOJlHaTa (npH BepTHK3JlHO pa3nOJlOMeHHTe) (o6p. 2: 16; 4: 1-2,4) HJlH OT nsere (npu XOpH30HTaJlHO pasno.noxceHHTe) (cop, 4:~-9) CTpaHH.

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• 06p. 2. /(YAmypa Fanamun - «epa xuxa (1-18, 20-21: I'asamun - CfYKama; 19: FypzYJlflm-fleKAIOK). M=1:4. Fig. 2. Culture Galatin. - ceramique (1-18, 20-21; Galatin-i-Cukata; 19: GurguljatPekl lu k}, M=1:4

JIeHH OT TeCTOTO na c'b.na H3n'bKHaJIH' HBHJJ,H HJIH uanpaso m.pxy CTeHHTe, 6ap6oTHHa (C np scra H .rrapuaneaa") H umpoxn H nJIHTKH XOpH30HTaJIHH H KOCH xaue.mopn (o6p. 1: 11, 13LI4, 16f--18; 2:4, 17; 3:6; 4: 1). Ocorieno xapaxrepna aa KepaMHqHH5I KOMnJIeKC na KYJIrypara e yxpacara, no.nyseaa xpes nsnpacxsane B'bpxy lllJlHKOBaHHTe H H3JI'bCKaHH CTeHH na C'b.na, nocpencreox rm.pna serxa HJlH MeTJlHqKa. Te3H H3.npacKBaHH5I 3an'bJlBaT nOJleTa C TPH'br'bJlHa (o6p. 5:2, 9), qeTHpH'bf'bJlHa (o6p. 5:

Yxpacenure C'b.nOBe ca cpaBHHTeJlHO MaJlKO.

HaH-MHoro6poHHH ca ¢parMeHTHTe OT C'b.nOBe C peaerpna yxpaca - e.nHHHqHH .nBOHHH HJlH TPOHHH, HHCKH HJIH BHCOKH peJIe¢HH nspaCT'bJJ,H, HaCeqKH no p'b6a ira YCTHeTO, JleHTH OT HOK'bTeH opnavenr , aaneceun m.pxy H3Ter·

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• 06p. 3. KYAmypa Fasamuu - «epauuxa (1-2, 4-5, 7, 9: Fa namun-i-Hutcama; 3: JIecypa - Fonama M02UAa; 6, 8, 10-11: Jlecu pa - Fpaiiuuiemo], M= 1:4. Fig. 3. Culture Galatin - teramique (1-2, 4- 5, 7, 9: Galatin=Cukata; 3: Lesura-s-Golata Mogi/a; 6, 8, 10-11: l.esura - Gradisteto], M=1:4

4,11) HJIH xp sr.na (o6p. 5:1,4,8,12) cpopMa. B noaexero CJIyqaH paMKHTe na H3.1lpaCKaHHTe nOJIeTa ca OqepTaHH C Bp~3aHH JIHHHH (o6p. 5:4, 6), naoonean TOqKH (o6p.5: 1-2, 5, 8'--9, 12) HJIH TpH'br'bJIHHqeTa (o6p. 5:11). no H~KOH OT cpparMeHTHTe m.pxy nsnpacxa-

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HHTe nOJIeTa ca ce 3ana3HJIH OCTaT'bUH OT HHxpycrupaae c xepaena, 6~JIa H LK'bJITa naCTO- 3HH 60H. 4eCTO cpemaua e yxpacara OT BP~- 3aHH JIHHHH (c BHJIHua, rpeoea HJII1 OCT'bP npenMeT), ocpaayaaum MpeLKeCT opnauenr, nOH~Kora KOM6HHHpaHa C peJIecpHH JIeHTH HJIH Ha- 60.ueHH TOqKH (o6p. 5: 10). OTKPHTH ca H H~KOJIKO rpparvenra, yxpacenn C KOMn03HUHH OT TeCHH nJIHTKH xanemopn H naoonena TOqKI1 (o6p. 1: 1; 5:3, 5). PHcYBaHaTa yxpaca noxru He ce cpeuia.

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Kepavnxara OT CeJIHIlI.eTo npu C. Pect.pKOBO npeACTaBH HHKOH oc06eHOCTH, KOHTO He ce cpeuiar B npyrwre CeJIHIlI.8, nopann KoeTO H paarnezcnave OTAeJIHO. B KOMnJIeKCa np aC'bCTBaT xapaxrepinrre sa xy.nr ypa f3JIaTHH KOHH'lHH 6JIlOAa C YAe6eJIeH OT B'bTpelllH3Ta

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9

crpana p'b6 na YCTHeTo, n3HHll,H C OTBeceH HJIH JIeKO HaKJIOHeH H3B'bTpe nepBa3, KOHH'lHO-ll,HJIHH;UPH'lHH HJIH ~HKOHH'lHH KynH, nOKpHTH C umpoxu XOpH30HTaJIHH xaue.ntopn , M3JIKH nJIHTKH xyna C eCOBHAeH nporpn,n, 'lalllH C JIeHTeCTH AP'b)KI{H, H3JIH3aIll.H H8A p'b6a na yCTHeTO, H r-spnera C eCOBHAeH np0<pHJI. IlpezicraBeHH C3 .(:.pUlH'(e THIlOBe AP'b)KKH C H3KJlIO'leHHe H3 .np'b)KKHTe·· nlTI,,1ll3 i16eHxeHKeJl", HO npe06JI3AaBaT MaJI KHTe m.nsecr a xop H30HTaJIHO np06HTH AP'b)KKH (06p. 6:10-11). <Pop-

4

1

2

5

7

•

10

5

11

• 06p. 5. KYflmypa Fanamun - «epauuea (1-7, 9-11-:· raflamUft-l.fYKama; 8: Fnu.nnne - OKOfl esaea, no H. Ilemsoe; 12: ryp~Uflflm-lleKflfoK). 1-7, 9- 11 M=1:2; 12 M=1:3. Fig. 5. Culture Galatinceramique (1-7, 9-11: Galatin-i-Cucata; 8 Gniljane - Okol Glaoa, d'apres N. Petkov; 12: Gurguljat-Pekljuk). 1-7, 9-11 M=1:2; 12 M=1:3

MH, KOHTO OTCbcTBYBaT B npyrnre CeJIHlUa, ca:

KOHHqHa TIaHHua C JIeKO H3BHT HaBbH Pb6 Ha ycrnero (06p. 6: 1-2); I<OHI1QHa TIaHHua C y,Ue- 6eJIeH OTBbH pb6 na YCTHeTo (06p. 6:4); KOHHQHa TIaHHua CbC CHJIHO HaKJIOHeH HaBbH

._

•

3

6

8

12

nepaas (06p. 6:3, 5); xyna C KOHH'lHO-UHJIHHnpnsna 3a06JIeHa ¢opMa, C y,Ue6eJIeH OT BbHlllnara crpana pb6 sa YCTHeTO (06p. 6:7). Oco- 6eH HHTepec rrpe,UcTaBJIBBa e,UHH ¢parMeHT OT 300MoP¢Ha rrO,UCTaBKa BepoBTHO na 'leTHpH xpaxera (06p. 6:8). 3arra3eHoTo xpaue e xoneJIHpaHO H npnxpeneuo KbM CTeHaTa, TIO,U06HO na 'upb)KKHTe THTI "wan6eHXeHKeJI". Br.rpeurnara noat.pxuocr e or.nanena rpyoo, BbHllInara - WJIHKOBaHa, noope or.nanena H no-rm H3UBJIO OUBeTeHa C 'lepBeHa rraCT03Ha 60B.

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• 06p_ 6_ Pe6'bpKOBO - xepa siu tca, M=1:2. Fig. 6. Rebiirkooo - ceramique. M=1:2

DpE')].CTaBeHH ca csuurre TE'XHHKYI na yxpaC5IBa He, HO op HaMeHTYITe HOp HaMeHTaJl HHTe CXeMYI ca nO-pa3J1W!HH. Xa paxrepnn caxo aa rpynara Pe6bpKOBO ca: OUBeT5IBaHH5I c seprena nacrosna 605I, KOM6HHHpaHH c pE')].YlUYI 01' Ha60)].E'HYI TOqKH, Bp5I3aHYI JlYlHHH, HOKbTeH opnaxeur, peJle<pHH H3pacTbUH YIJI H nJlHTKl1 KaHeJlIOpYl (06p. 6:S:_9, 11; 7:3, 6, 9); pe)].YIUH

01' Ha60)].eHH TOqKYI, OqepTaHYI C Bp5I3aHYI JlHHHYI (06p. 7: 11, 13-1 ); rYlpJl5IH)].H 01' cpeuiauui ce non brbJl KbCH HaCeqKH, HaHeCeHYI c OC1bP npenjser (06p. 7:1-5) H Bp5l3aHH JlHHHYI (06p. 7:71-8, 10, 15).

Dpe)].cTaBeHH5IT KepaMHqeH KOMnJleKC aa

xynrypa FaJIaTHH YlMa iiHaJlOrYlYI B xepavnxara na xy.m-ypure Ca nxyua IV - oy6aHYI XYM I B32, XepKYJlaH33, oai1q-PeU-ra5IpH34, OaJlaToH-J1acHH5I II-III35, Bonporxepe-

8

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2 3
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5 6
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13

1

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14

9

15

• 06p. 7. Petrsp soeo - «epauuka. M=l: 1. Fig. 7. Rebarkooo - ceramique. M=l:l

CTyp36, Baacxa -- XYH51.lI)1X3JlOM37, J1a)KH51HH3B, TIe Be u_39 , LJepHaBo,Ua 140 H Ha'laJlOTO na K'bCH3Ta ¢a3a na xynr ypara KYKYTeHHTpHnOJlHe41. HaH-TO'lHH H MHoro6pOHHH ca napane.nnre C erarnrre II H I I I na CeJlHmeTO XepKYJlaI-l42• MaTepHaJlHTe OT Pe6'bpKOBO H51- MaT TO'lI-IH aHaJlOrHH C ,Upyr npoy-ren KOMn.nexc. Bep051THO re npe,UCTaB51T enaa no-

paHHa '¢a3a HacKyJlTypa faJlaTHH. E,UHHCTBeHH51T apr yuenr B no.naa aa TOBa npe,UnOJIO)KeHHe ca ,UaHHHTe sa THnOJIorH'leCKOTO paaBHTHe Ha ¢opMHTe H opHaMeHTaU_H51Ta Ha Kepavnxara npes CJIe,UBamHTe nepHO,UH. YxpacaTa C 'lepBeHa 6051, xapaKTepHa 3a rpynaTa Pe6'bpKOBO, B erana, 3acBH,UeTeJICTBYBaH B ceJlHmE;TO faJlaTHH-LJYKaTa, ce cpema 1I1HOrO noP51,UKO, a B CJle,UBamH51 - nO'lTH narrsnno H3- neaaa: B xepanaxara OT Pe6'bpKOBO OTC'bCTBa

2 Apxeoaoran, I, 1987

9

yxpacara OT BpH3aHH HJIB H3.llpaCKaHH BHCHW.H - naaaua C'bC 3a06JIeH npeJIOM H HaKJIOHeH

TpH'br'bJIHHUH, KOSITO ce .. cpeuta B raJIaTHH- HaB'bH nepaas, yxpacena C lImpOKH, nJIHTKH,

CKaTa KepaMHKa H npO,lJ.'bJI1KaBa pa3BHTHeTO CH XOpH30HTaJIHj:f KaHeJIlOpI1 (06p. 8:4); , ..

B CJIe,lJ.Baw.HTe nepaonn; C'bIUaTa TeH,lJ.eHu.HH no- --'- xyrra c: nonycdepasaa q,opMa C y,lJ.e6e-

Ka3BBT H JIeH!eCTlf'~t . .llp'bLKKH~.~OHTO .. CeSP~.~~T,;_. neB O'f B'bT~Y-IHaJa .Cm~l:l~~HeJ:O f''';1I:M B Pet5sprmBt'J Il qne'JU KOJIll~t'l'BO llflt: l06p. 8:4);

nOBO paanooopasae ce YBeJIHtIaBa B faJIaTHH - xyna C JIeKO 3a06JIeHa 6HKOHHtIHa ¢QpMa

H oc06eHO B CJIe.llBaIUHTe nepaona. , na BHCOKO KOHYCOBH,lJ.HO CTOJItIe, C .llp'bLKKa non

Onacanare .llOTYK OCHOBHH xapaxrepna T'bp6yxa48;

xeprn aa xynrypa faJIaTHH nOKa3BaT CJIeA- - xyna C npmrsecra ,lJ.p'bLKKa naz YCTH-

HOTO:, eT049;

1. TepHTopHaJIl~HSlT H 06xBaT B (X:HOBHH ..;_ xaura 6e3 ,lJ.P'bLKKH C U.HJIHH,lJ.PHIlHO-KO-

JIHHHH csarraaa C '~pHTOpHaJIHHH 06xBaT HaHHtIHI:i q,opMa60; _

xyzrypa KPHBO,lJ.r;)JI;_CaJIKyua-Cpet\Ha 3a- '-+;tIallla C enaa HJIIl ,lJ.Be BHCOKH JIeHTeCTH

nanna H CeBep03alfa,lJ.Ha E'bJIrapHSI, 113TOtIHa .llP'b>KKH, H3JIH3aIUH HI:lA,p'b6a aa YCT,HeTo

C'bp6HSI H OJITeHHH. (06p. 8:11); ';

2. fOJIeMHTe pa3JIHtIHH B xapaKTepHCTHKHTe - saura C 6'btIBO,BWlHor~~§.ynJI'bTHeHO

aa KepaMHtIHHTe KOMnJIeKCH na nsere KyJITypH .ll'bHO, .llp'bLKKa non T'bp6yxa H yxpacasor xa-

nOKa3BaT, tIe naeueaara, HOCHTeJIH aa xyarypa HeJIlOpH61;

faJIaTHH, ca eTHHtIeCKH tIyLK,lJ.H aa Te3H na - r-spaera C'bC c<PePHtIHa <PopMa (06p. 8:,

xynrypa KPHBO.llQ.n:'-CaJIKyua. f»--7);

3. MJIOl'06pOHakTe CXO.llHH eJIeMeHTH MeLK,lJ.y - r-spaera C K'bCH mapoxa UHJIHH,lJ.PHtIHH

KepaMHIlHHTe KOMn~eKcH na KYJITypHTe fa- rspzra H C<PePHtIHH T'bp6YCH (06p. 8:g.:._1O)62;

JIaTHH H Maryp~7KouotPeHH caCBH,lJ.eTeJI- - aM¢opOBH.llHH C'b,lJ.OBe C no ,lJ.Be,. CHMe-

CTBO sa HaJIHIlHe H~reHeTHIlHa apsaxa Me>K,lJ.y TPHqHO pa3nOJIOLKeHH B'bpXY T'bp6YXB·.llP'b-

THX. LKKH63. ,

4. ITPHC'bCTBHeTo aa TpH pa3JIHtIHH TeXHO- KOJIHqeCTBOTo na ,lJ.p'bLKKHTe e cpaBHHreJIHO

JIOrHtIHH Tpa.llHUHH ,B KepaMHtIHOTO npOH3Bo,lJ.- rOJIHMO. ITpe06JIa,lJ.aBaT nnrpoxare JIeHTeCTH

CTBO na xynrypa faJIaTHH, HeCB'bp3aHH C np'bCTeHOBH,lJ.HH .llP'bLKKH, C npaBO'br'bJIHOHJIH

q,0pMaJIHo-q,YHKUHOHaJIHHTe xapaxrepncraxa eJIHnCOBH,lJ.HO cexeaae, noasxora yxpaceaa C

na C'b,lJ.OBeTe, e' CBH,lJ.eTeJICTBO sa, paaaoponea ,lJ.Be H3n'bKHaJIH p'b6tIeTa or B'bHIUHaTa crpana

eTHHqeCKH C'bCTaB aa HOClTeJIHTe H. YnoTpe- (06p. 8:7; 8, 10--13). Cpeinar ce C'bW,O JIeH-

6aTa na tIepynKH OT MH.llH'i\ OXJIIOBH H pacra- TeCTH .llP'b*KH, RSJIH3aIUH Ha.ll p'b6a aa YCTH-

TeJIHH BeIUeCTBa 3aonocHsI~He H~ rJIHHaTa, eTO (06p. 8:11'-12, 17), 'brJIeCTB, BepTHKa.lIHO

OT KOSITO ce H3pa60TBaT Kep~HtI~HTe C'b,lJ.OBe, nOCTaEeHa na p'b6a na YCTHeTO .llp'b>KKa (06p. 9:

npezmoaara npHC'bCTBHe Ha<~TH~tIeCKH eae- 5) H rrsnvecru XOpH30HTaJIHO np06HTH ,lJ.P'b>KKH

MeHTH C'bC crenea npoaaxoae HOBooopa3YBa- (oop. 9:3, 6). YKpacaTa e ,lJ.OCTa Oe.llHa. ITpeA-

JIaTa ce OOIUHOCT. MHoroopofiHlne aHaJIOrHqHH '. CTaBeHa e OTpeJIeq,HH rrsnsecrn H3pacT',fjUH

xepra MeLK,lJ.y xynrypa faJI3THH H CHHXPOH- (06p. 9:4, 7, 9), XOpH30HTaJIHH KaHe_pH

HHTe H KyJITYPH OT T. Hap. "lllaH6eHxeHKeJI (06p. 8:4), .ll'bJI60KH H nJIHT~H Hace~,KH' no

XOPH30HT", KaKTO H C'bIUecTBYBaH€TO ua ce" p'boa aa YCTHeTo (06p. 8: 1, 13), BpHiaHH JIH-

JIHIUa ira KYJITypaTa, B KOHTO He ca 3aCBH,lJ.e- HHH (06p. 8: 10) H B e,lJ.HHHtIHH CJIytIaH PHCY-

TeJICTBYBaHH rrspsa H sropa KepaMHtIHH rpyna, aaaa C xepna H sepseaa 60H (06p. 8:81-9).

nOKa3BaT, lie npennoaaraeaoro HaXJIYBaHe aa B PYM'bHCKaTa apxeoaorasecxa JIHTep&11ypa

CTenHH nJIeMeHa He e e,/.\HHCTBeHaTa npuxaaa e B'b3npHeTO cXBaIUaHeTO, tIe KYJITypaTa q.ep-

sa HaCT'bnHJIHTe npes T03H nepnon xpynnn nasona I e .llOHeceHa OT CTenHHTe paHoHH"Ha

ernoxy nrypaa npeodpaayaaaua. C€FepHOTo '-lepHoMopHe64• To ce oa3HP8'Ha

Ha H3TOK OT xyarypa faJIaTHH e pa3npo- OTC'bCTBHeTO aa KOHTHHYHTeT c npeaxoxnaiaara

crpaaeaa KYJITypaTa '-lepHaSO,lJ.a I, n03HaTa B SI KYJITypaKo,lJ.LKa,lJ.epMeHhFYMeJIHHua'-Ka-

Ceaepaa Il'bJIrapHH OT. HeHHHSI HaH-IOLKeH sa - paroso VI H na HaJIHtIHeTO na penaua 06IUH

pHaHT - KYJITypa ITeeeu43. Ilpencraaeaa e B xepra MeLK,lJ.Y xepaxaxara aa KYJITypa '-lePHa-

CeJIHIUaTa OBtIapoBo\-ITJIaTOTO II, Ileneu I J44, BO,lJ.a I H Ta3H na no-pannnre H CHHXPOHHH

Xornaua=-Bononana'" H E3epoB046• Xapax- C HeH KYJITYPH OT IOLKHOpycKHTe CTenH - H3-

TepHH 3a KYJITypaTa ca LKHJIHlll,aTa THII 3eM- rrOJI3YBaH€.TO aa opranasna onOCHHT€JIH H yxpa-

JI$lHKH H nOJIY3eMJISlHKH. 0p'b.llHSITa aa TPY.na cara C "HaBHT" H "ycYKaH" urnyp. OT npyra

ca H3pa60TeHH OT rpytio H HeYMeJIO 06pa60'l'eH crpaaa, OTC'bCTBHfTO B KepaMHqHHSI KOMnJIeKC

KaM'b~7. B npOH3BO,lJ.CTBOTO aa KepaMHKa ca RBltyJltypa '-lepHaEO.l(a I-ITeB(u aa pe,lJ.HU<',

rrpencraeeaa C'blll,HTe TeXHOJIOrHqHH Tpa,lJ.HlUiH, THnHtIEH sa CTenHHTe KyJITYPU q,OPMH, sa-

KaKTO B rosa iaa KYJITypa faJIaTHH. H TYK, npHMcp C'b,lJ.OEeTe C'bC 3a06JI€HH HJIH aaocrpean

KaKTO npH Kymypa faJIaTHU,H ... a 3aBtiCH- KOHH'IHH ,lJ.'bH?, KaKTO H noasara aa C'bB'bP-

MoeT MeLK,lJ.y q,oPMaJlHO-tpYHKUlfoas¥lHHre'H llleHOHOBH q,0PMH. KaTO xyna aa BHeOKH

TeXHOJIOrlflleCKHTe xapaK'l,ip*c~lUtH., aa.. C'b.ll.O- UHJ1HH,lJ.PHtIHH CTOJItIeTa, tIalllH H aM¢opOBH,lJ.HH

sere. CpeIUaT CeCJIe,lJ.HHTe 4JoPMH: C'b,lJ.OBe C rOJIEMH JIeHTeCTH np'bCTeHOBH,lJ.HH

- KOHYCOBH.llHH 6JIIO,lJ.8 (06p. ,8: 1'~2); ,lJ.P'b!KKH, pa3nOJIOLKeHH B'bpXy ,lJ.OJIHaTa HJIH

10

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18 8

• 06p. 8. Xomnuua - Boiionaoa - xepa uuka, M= 1:4. Fig. 8. Hotnica - Vodopada - ceramique. M= 1:4

cpezmara lIaCT na r-spoyxa , lIaWI1 C BI1COKI1. JIeHTeCTI1 ,nPb)KKI1, 113JI113alll,11 nan Pb6a aa YCTl1eTO, yxpacara C WI1POKI1 nJII1TKI1 XOPI1- 30HTaJIHI1' KaHeJIlOpH 11 ocor'eno yxpacara aa OT,neJIHH c snoae C MOTHBH, pHCYEaHI1 C sepsena , sepna H rp2¢I1THa55 6011, HaBOK,na na MHCbJITa, . lie HOCI1TeJI HTe M nonoono na Te311

Ea KyJITypa f2JIaTHH ca C pa3Hopo,neH eTHI1- lIE:CKH npouaxon.

, X PCHOJIOFI1l!eCKOTO M5!CTO na KYJITypaTa

l.JepHaBo,na I -OeBE:U nonoono na TOBa na xy.nrypa f2JIaTI1H He e TOllHO cnpene.neno. fOJIHMOTO CXO,nCTEO Me)K,ny KepaMHlIHI1Te ¢op- 1\111 na Onl1CaHI1Te ,nOTyK ,nEe apXEOJIOrl1l1eCKI1 KyJITyPI1 H KyJITypl1Te naJIaTOHi-JIaCI1HH IIIII, naHlI~Peu'--faHapH, Bai1cKa-XYHH,nI1XaJIOM H JIa)KHHHI1, OT paiiona na Cpe,nHI1H

11

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10

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• 06p. 9. Xomnuua - Booonaoa - KepaMuKa. M= 1:2. Fig. 9. Hoinica - Vodopoda=ceramioue. M= 1:2

llYHaB, aaBa OCHOBaHHe aa rH CMHTaMe 3a Cl1J-1XP'JHHl1. 113BeCTHl1Te aocera CTpaTl1rpa!J;>CKl1 Cl1TyaUl1l1 nOKa3BaT, 'Ie Te C JIeaBaT cJIea xpaa na KyJITyplITe OT KaMeHHoMeaHaTa enoxa (KonmaaepMeH- fYMfJ1HHWl.- Ka panoso VI, KpnBOa0J1-C2J1Kyua, JIeHrHeJ1 IV H THCanOJ1rap) H npezixcxcztar Te3H OT paHHo6poH30BaTa (4epnanona I I I, 4epHaBoaa I I, 0pJI5v-CaaOBeu,

12

4

7

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13

Marypa- Kouo¢eHH H Banen), YCTaHoBeHHHT CTpaTHrpa¢CKl1 Xl1aTYc Memay KyJ1TypHHTe nJ13- CTOBe na xynrypnre Kpl1BOaOJ1-CaJIKyua 11 faJ1aTHH, B CeJ1PLUeTO faJ1aTHH'---- 4 YKaTa, npennonara cbLUecTBYBaHeTo na no-panna rpasa Ha npexOaHHH nepHOa. KbM HeH BepOHTHO ce OTHaCHT MaTepHaJIHTe OT Pe6bpKoBo-llmyrepa, KaKTO 11 HaxOaKHTe Ha 300MOPCPHl1 CKHnrpn. Jlnncara na cnspssatuo 3BeHO B panona aa Cesepua BbJ1rapl1H Me~ay KyJ1Typl1Te faJIaTl1H H 4epHaBoaa I-ITeBeu, OT enna crpa-

9

na, H YCTaHOBeHHTe nocera paHH06pOH30BH KyJITypH, OT npyra, npennoaara C'bw.eCTByBaHeTO aa neperacrpapaaa MaTepHaJIH, CHH" XpOHflH na erana qepHaBO)l.a I Il-BoJIepa31i6•

, Pa3fJIe)l.aHHHT H3BOPOB MaTepHaJI nOKa3Ba, 'Ie npouecsr aa npexon Me)l{)l.y KaMeHHOMe)I.nara H 6poH30BaTa enOXH, 'IHiho fJIaBeH pe- 3YJITaT OT 06W.OHcTOpHlJeCKa raenna TO'lKa e. oTKpHBaHeTo na 6poH30BaTa MeTaJIyprHH, e 6HJI C'bnpOBo)l.eH C TB'bp)l.e Maw.a6HH eTHoKYJITypHH npe06pa3YBaHHH. 3a C'b)l{aJIeHHe q,aKTHTe, C KOHTO pasnonaraxe, ca see orne TB'bp)l.e MaJIKO H n03BOJIHBaT peKOHCTpYHpaHeTO My caxo B Hafi-06w.H septa.

Ilpe3 KaMeHHOMe)l.HaTa enoxa B pafiOHa Ha TpaKHH, .uOJIHHH H CpbeH .uYHaB H Cesepo- 3ana)l.HOTO qepHoMopHe' B pe3YJlTaT ua )I.'bJIrOTO KOHTHHYHTHBHO pa3BHTHe ce <PoPMHpa CHCTeMa OT B3aHMOCB'bp3aHH KyJITYPH C'bC CXO)l.HH HKOHOMHlJeCKH xapaKTepHCTHKH. IleaTpaJIHO MHCTO B HeH aaexar 3eMHTe na TpaKHH Ii .uOJIHHH .uYHaB. TYK PY)l.O)l.06HB'bT H MeTaJIOnpOH3BO)l.CTBOTO )l.OCTHraT Hafi-BHCOKa CTeneH aa pa3BHTHe sa enoxara'". Ha Ta3H 6a3a B'b3- HHKBa THCHa npOH3BO)l.CTBeHa CneUHaJIH3aUHH Ha OT)l.eJIHH rpynH xopa H ce pa3BHBa 06MeHaara T'bprOBHH Mem)l.YOT)l.eJIHHTe eHeOJIHTHH nnexeaa. C'b3)1.aBaT ce YCJIOBHH 3a, HMyw.eCTBeHO HepaBeHCTBO KaKTO B paMKHTe aa OT)l.eJIHHTeo6w.HHH, raxa H Me)l{)l.Y THX. ,.uOCTHfaarara BHCOKa crenea na pa3BHTHe na MeTaJIO)l.06HBa H MeTaJIOnpOH3BO)l.CTBOTO B TpaKHH aasa CBoeTO orpaseeaae B'bpXy UHJIOCTHOTO pasBHTHe na nneaeaara, KOHTO-Ha easara aa BJIHHHHHTa H T'bprOBCKHR 06MeH npaeaar )l.OCTH)KeHHHTa na Te3H ueHTpaJIHH sa enoxara, 06- JIaCTH. Taxa pa3BHTHeTO aa HOBOTO sa enoxara npoH3BO)l.CTBO e CTaHaJIO npennocrasxa sa B'b3HHKB3He aa cePH03HH B'bTpelllHH npoTHBOpelJHH B CHCTeMaTa aa B3aHMHOCB'bp33HHTe eHeOJIHTHH nnexeaa, OT enaa CTpaH3, TO BO)l.H )1.0 ye)l.HaKBHBaHe Ha CTeneHTa Ha pa3BHTHe Ha nJIeMeHaTa, nOJI3YBaw.H ce OT Hero (OCHOBaHO sa ye)l.HaKBjIBaHeTO na TeXHHlJeCKHTe xapaxre-

1 B. M H K 0 B. TIpeJ).HCTOpH'IeCKH CeJIH~a H

HaXOJ).KH B B'bJIr'apHH. - MaTepHaJIH aa apX,eOJIOrH'IeCKa xapra na B'bJIrapHH, KH. VII. C., 1933, c. 96; Flpenrpaxailcxoro HaCeJIeHHe na HalIIHTe 3eMH.l1r,n, 1938, c. 244; J. Me II art. Anatolia and the Balkans. Antiquty, XXX'IV, No 136, 1960, p. 276; V, M i k 0 v. La ,Bulgarie a I'age du bronze.Studia Balcanica, 5, 1971, 51-61; A. P a J). y H'I e B a. ,nOHCTOpH'IeCKOe HCCKYCTBO B BOJIrapHH. C., 1973, 3noxa 6pOH3b1; BHHHu.a. EHeOJIHTHO CeJIH~e H HeKpOnOJl. - PTI, VI. C., 1976, 135-136; X. T oJ). 0 P 0 B a. AKTyaJIHH np06JIeMH aa 6'bJIrapCKaTa npancropaa. - Hflp, XXXI, 1975, I, 39-40; HCTOpa a aa B'bJIrapHH. TOM rrspaa. n'bpBo6HTHoo6~HHeH H p060BJIaJ).eJICKH crpoa. TpaKH. C., 1979, c. 87; E. q e p H bI x. I'opuoe J).eJIO H MeTaJIyprlIH B ZlpenHeiilIIeli BOJIrapHH. C., 1978, c. 277; r. reo pr H e B, H. M e p n e p T, P. KaT H H 'I a p 0 B. E3epo.PaHH06poH30BOTO CeJIH~e. C., 1979, 521- 522; P. KaT H H 'I a p 0 B. Bponaosara enoxa n B'bJIrapaa, - B c6. TpOH H Tpaxn s. C., 1982, 56-57; H B. TI a H a Ii 0 T 0 B. 3a ¢opMHpaHeTo aa panno- 6POH30BHTe KyJITypH B 6'bJIrapCKHTe 3eMH. - ApxeoJlOrHlI, 2-3, 1984.

PHCTHKH na HaH-Ba)l{Hlne sa erroxara OP'b)l.IUI aa rpyna) H, OT npyra - )1.0 HKOHOMHlJeCKH npocneparer sa npOH3Bo,n:HTeJIHTe II H3HOCllTeJIHTe aa MeTaJI1 Haa-aanpenaanure B pasaaTHeTO CH nJIeMetra OT CHCTeMaTa cscpenorosanar H3JIHllI'bUHTe OT np01l3Bo,n:CTBOTO B pasBHTHeTO na HpaUHOHaJIHllTe crpana aa KYJIrypara CH (OTpa3eHH HaH-BelJe B pa3BHTHeTO aa norpeoanaas pHTyaJI)68. TOBa ,n:oBe)l{,n:a )1.0 aapynrasane Ha6aJIaHCa Me)l{,n:y paUHOHaJIHllTe H HpaUHOHaJIHHTe lJepTH Ha KYJITypaTa H CJIe)l.oBaTeJIHO )1.0 HaMaJIHBaHe aa B'bTpelliHaTa it YCTOHlJHBOCT. KYJITypaTa aa nJleMeHaTa OT nepH<PePHHTa aa cHCTeMaTa, BKJIlOlJHJIH ce HaHK'bCHO B HeH (CeBepHblJepHOMOpCKaTa 30Ha), e 6HJIa no-caaeo pa3BHTa, HO no-paUH0l!aJIIHI H cnenosareaao nO-YCTofilJHBa. C6JI'bC'bKbT Me)l{)l.Y Te3H )l.Ba ranaycnopenno pa3BHJIH ce KyJITYPH, rrspaoaaxaaeu TJIaC'bK na KOHTO' Hafi~BepOHTHO e pa3CeJIBaHeTO aa CTenHH nJIeMeHa C pasBHTa eKCTeH3HBHa HKOHOMHKa B iorosananaa nocoxa'" ,e )l.OBeJI ,n:o pasnananero na crapara CHCTeM3 OT B3aHMHOCB'bp3aHH KyJITypH H yHHuioacasaaero aa uearposere H.

B paMKHTe na CJIe)l.Baw.HjI XpOHOJIOrHlJeCKH eran ce Ha6JIIO)l.aBa 'npouec aa <PoPMHpaHe na HOBa CHCTeMa C KalJeCTBeHO HOBHxapaKfepHCTHKH. npOH3BO)l.CTBOTO, B T. lJ. H MeTaJIOnpOH3BO)l.CTBOTO ()l.OTOJIKOBa, )l.OKOJIKOTO e C'bw.eCTBYBaJIO), npomonxaaa pa3BHTHeTO CH na 6a3aT3 H3 )l.OCTH)l{eHHHTa OT npezraumara enoxa, C'bXpaHeHH B Tpa)l.HUHHTe aa nJIeMeHaT3 C no-paUHOHaJIHa xyarypa, IlOHBaTa B paaoHHTe na Cpeneu H .uOJIeH .uYHaB na KOMll.'IeKCa OT KyJITypH esc CXO)l.HH X3paKTepHCTHKH (Y.epaasona I-IleBeu, faJIaTHH, BaJIaTOH-,-JIaCHHH II-III, BaHlJ-Peu-rafiapH, Baacxa=XYHH)l.HXaJIOM, JIa)l{HHHH) 6eJIe)l{H aaii-paaHHTe pesYJITaTH Ha npoueca Ha KYJITYPHO npe0<PoPMHHe. IlO-HaTaT'blllHOTO My pa3BHTHe H pasmapssane )l.OBe)l{)l.a )1.0 06pa3YBaHeTO B MHOfO nO-llIHpOK reorparpcxn apean aa CHCTeMaTa OT B3aHMHOCB'bp3aHH xyrrrypa OT panaara 6poH30Ba enoxa'".

2 T. MOB 1II a. 0, CB1I3ax rrnexea TplW()JIbCKOli KyJIbTyphi co CTenHhlMH nJIeMeHaMH MeJ).Horo sexa. - COBeTCKali apXeOJIOrHlI, 1961, 2, 186-189; B.,n aH H JI e H K 0, M. III Mar JI H H. Ilpo OAHH nOBOPOTHHli MOMeHT B iCTOPi'i eHeoJIiTH'IHOrO HaCeJIeHHlI nHBJ).eHHoi Espona. - Apxeoaori s, 1972, 6, 3-20; ,n- T e JI e r u H. Cpenaso-Crorfacsxa xy.nsrypa enoXH MiAi. KUIB, 1973.

3 X. T 0 A 0 P 0 B a. 3HeOJIHT BOJIrapHH. Co<pH.lI-npecc, 70-71; HCTOPHli na ,n06, PYA)K!l. T. !. C., 1984, 56-60; H. To dar a v a. Der Ubergang vorn Aneolithikum zur Bronzezeit in Bulgarien. Die etnogenese der Thraker. - Dri tter internationaler Thrakologischer kongress, 1984, 177-120; L. G h et 0 v. Sur Ie problerne dessceptres zoornor phes en pierre. - Studia pr aehistcrica, 3. S., 1980, 91-96.

4 X. To J). 0 P 0 B a. 3Hea.~uT ... , 14-20.

6 X. T a J). op 0 B a. Oauaponov--c Pfl , VIII. C., 1983, c. 13.

6 r. reoprHeB, H. MepnepT, P. KaT U H 'I a p 0 B. UUT. C'b'l" 520-523; X. To J). 0- p o s a. EHeOJIHT ... , 70-71; HCTopnH na ,n06pyJ).)Ka, C. 56; P. KaT H H 'I a p 0 B. Ilar. C'b'l., 56-

57; H B. TI a H a HOT 0 B. UHT. C'b'l.

13

7 P. G eo r g i eva. Die Praehistorische Sudlung Galatin - Cucata. 9 (Druck).

8 X. To J{ 0 P 0 B a. OB'IapOBO, 12-13.

9 S. M 0 r i n t z und P. R. 0 man. Aspekte

des Ausgangs des Aneolithikums und -der Ubergangsstufe zur Bronzezelt im Raurn der. Niederdonau. _.;. Dacia, N. S., XII, 1968, 47-77.

10 X. T 0 J{ 0 p 0 B a. 9HeOJIHl'. __ , c. 10.

11 B. MilK 0 B. ITpaHcTOp"qeCKOTO ceJIHID;e J{o KPHBOJ{OJI, BpaqaHCKO. - PIT, - I, 26-62; B. H HK 0 JI 0 B. 3aMHHel{. C., 1975; X. To A 0 p o a a, 9HeOJIHT .. ' ., c. 35; D. B e r C i u. Contrlbutli Ia problemele neol iticului in Romanla tnlumina noil or cercet ari. Bucurestl , 1961, 120-298; Praistorija Jugoslovenskih zemalja , III. Eneoli tsko doba. Sari • jevo, 1979,87-114.

12 P. IT 0 nOB. KOA}KaJ{epMeHCKaTa MOrHJIa npa Koaaposrpan. - HALt VI, 1916-1918, 71-155; r. reo p r H e B, H. A H r e JI 0 B. Pa3KonKH aa CeJIHID;HaTa MOrHJIa J{O Pyce rrpes 1948-1949 r.HAH XVIII, 119-195; Pa3KonKH aa ceJIHID;HaTa MOrllJla J{O Pyce npes 1950-1953 r. - HAH, XXI, 41-129; X. To A 0 P 0 B a.9HeOJlIIT ... , 28-30.

13 H. To d 0 r 0 v a. Kerami ka typu Varna v Severovychodnomn Bulharsko, - Archeologicke Rozhledy, XIX, 3, 329---:352; X. To A 0 P{) B a. 9HeoJIHT ... , c. 32; HCTOPllli aa JJ.o6pYA}Ka, 42-56.

uP. KaTHHqapOB, H.JJ.}KaM6a30B.

Paaxonxa B rremepara MarypaTa npes 1971 r.HAH, XXXIV, 1974, 107-138; P. R. 0 man. CuI·

tura Cotofeni. Bucuresti , 1976. .

16 P. R. 0 man. Complexul Orlea-Sadovec.SCIV, XXVIII2, 147-160.

16 S. M 0 r in z, P. R. 0 man. Op. ci t., 81- 106.

17 Ibidem, 106-118.

18 H. Me p n e p T. 0 CBH3ax Ceaepaoro ITPH. '1epHOMOpbli H Ba~KaH B paHHeM 6POH30BOM BeKe. - KCHA, 105, 1965; Iv. Pan a jot 0 v, V. De rg a c 0 v. Die Okergrabkultur in Bulgarien (Darstell ung des Problems). - Studia praehistorica, 7, 1984, 99-116.

19 P. R. 0 man. Struktururanderungen des

Enddneollthikums im Donau- Karpaten-Raum, Dacia, N. S., XV, 1971, 31-170.

20 Praistorija Jugoslovenskih ... , 87-114.

uP. Georgieva.Op. cit.

22 MaTepilaJIHTe ce C'bXpaHHBaT B OHM - Bpana, H3Ka3BaM 6JIaroJ{apHoCT aa CT. H. C. B. HHKOJIOB sa npeaocraaeaara MH B'b3MO}KHOCT aa ce 3an03HaH c TliX. 23 B. H H K 0 JI 0 B. ITpaIfCTOpH'IeCKOTO CeJIHID;e

npa C. OXOAeH, Bpa'laHCKH oxp sr. - ApXeOJIOrllH, X, 1968, I.

2. JJ.'bJI}Ka 6JIarOAapHOCT aa P'bKOBoJ{IITeJlH na pa3KOnKHTe X. Tonoposa sa rrpeaocraaeaara Mil B~3- MOiKHOCT Aa ny6JIIIKYBaM MaTepllaJlIlTe.

26 Paaxonxnre ce P'bKOBOAliT 01' B. I'eproa. Marepnana 01' 06eKTa He ca ny6J1I1KYBaHIl.

26 MaTepHaJlIITe 01' o6eKTa, KOHTO OTHaClIMe K'bM 1'0311 nepaon, ce HaMil par B'bB (j>OHJ{a aa Mysell sa HCTOPlIll aa Co(j>lI11.

27 H. IT e l' K 0 B. MOfllJlaTa OKOJI-rJlaBa npn C. rHHJHfHe.- rHM, V, 1926-1931, c. 142, o6p. 58. 28 P. KaT H H 'I a p 0 B, H. JJ. }K a M 6 a 3 0 B.

I1.IIT. C'b'l., c. 121, 06p. 17 a.

29 T. MOB UI a. I1.IIT. q,'1., 186-199; n. T eJI e r H H. I1.IIT. C'b'l., 143~158; 9HeOJIHT CCCP. M., 1982, 322-332; A. Dod d-O p r i t esc u. La cerami que Cucuteni C. Son origine. Sa signification historico-cul turel le. - Thraci a Praehistorica, Suplementum Pulpudeva 5. S., 1982, 70-80.

30 P. KaT H H ,'I a p 0 a, H. JJ.}K a M 6 a 3 0 B.

I1.IIT. C'b'l., 114-115; - A. fi 0 u 0 B a. Hoaoorxpara ceJII1ID;a 01' paaaara 6poH30Ba enoxa a'ba BII){HHCKH OKP'bf. - HMC3B, II, 1978, 1-16; Paaxonxa aa neuiepara Marypa npea 1975 r. - HMC3B, VI, 1981, 9-26.

14

31 BliiK 6eJI. 29.

32 D. Be r c i u. Op. ci t., f. 1.37, 141, 144-147; Praistorija Jugoslovenskih ... -T. IX, 1-3, 9-10; X: 1---:4; XI: 1, 3-,-4, 6,' 8; XII: I, 3, 5.

33 P. R. 0 man. Strukturanderungen ...

M Praistor ija Jugoslovenskih:.. T. XLVI-

XLVII;: V. N e me j c o v a-Pa v u k 0 v a: Neue Erkentrinisse fiber die Gruppe Retz in der Slovakei. ,Estratto dagJi del X Simposio Internazionale jiulfa fine del Neolitico e -gli i nizi delt'Eta del Bronzo in Europa. 1982, p. 195, abb. I.

36 Praistorija Jugoslovenskih. .. T. XVIII-

XXI; N. K ali C Z. A Balaton - Lasinja kul tura toreneti tkerdese! es Iemleletel. - Kiilonleyom at ar archaeologiai Ertesto, 109, Evfolyam 1982.

. ' 361..Bognar"Kutzian. The Copper Age Cemetery of Tiszapolgar. _ Basatanya, - Arch. Hung. 42, 1963, pl. CXXXII-CXXXIX; I. E c e d y. TUe People of the Pit-grave Kurgans in Eastern Hungaria. - Fontes Archaeologici Hungariae. Buda-

pest. 1979, .pl. 7-8. '

37 B. B r u k n e r. Die Nekropole in Vajska,

Ein neuer Beitrag zur kulturelJen und chronologischen Deterrniner ung des Aneolitbikums Sildostpannoniens. - Arch. Jug., II, 1970, ·1-14; N. K a- 1 i c Z. Ujobb adatok a rezkori Hunyadihalmi cosoport i ddrendjenez, - Szolnok megyei muzeurni evkonyv 1979-1980.

88 S t. Si s k a. Grii berfefder der Laznany-

gruppe in der Sl ovakei. - Sl. Arch., XX; 1972, 1. 39 X. To J{ 0 P 0 B a. Ossaposo, C. 13, Ta6JI. 2B, 7B, 8.

40S. Morinz, P. R.oman. Op. cit., 47-

77.

41 B. Map K e B H 'I. IT03){HeTpllnOJIbCKHe nae-

MeHa Ceaepaon MOJIJ{aaHH. KHUIIIHea, 1981,50-54. '2 P. R. 0 man. Op, cit. Tafel VII~XXXlII.

'3 X. T 0 A 0 P 0 B a. Oasapoao., 12-13.

" ITaK TaM.

4Ii OIIHCaHHTe TyK MarepH8JIH ca OT 06XOAHH npoyqBaHHll lfaX . Toaoposa, na KOliTO A'bJI}Ka 6JIaro,[{ap. HOCT.aa npeaocraaeaara MH B'b3MO}KHOCT na I'H ny6JIH;.

KYBaM. <

4aG. Ton c eva. Un habitat lacustre I 'age

du bronze ancien dans les environs de la ville de Varna (Ezerovo 11).- Dacia N.S., XXV, 1981, 41-,.62. ITy6JIHJ<YBaHHTe MaTepHaJIH ca CYMapHO OTHeceaa K'bMpaHHaTa 6pOHsoaa enoxa. Cpea rsx HMa C'bAOBe. THflHiJHH aa xYJITypaTa 4epH8BoAa I, '1YiKAH aa paHHo6poH3OB8Ta KepaMHKa.

47 X. To A 0 P 0 B 8. OB'IapOBO, c. 12.

48 ITaK TaM, Ta6.11. 2B:8.

49 ITaK TaM, TaM. 8: 2, 6, 10, 1I, 14.

50 Ilax TaM, Ta6JI. 2B:IO. '

.5lITaK TaM, Ta6Jt. 2B:11.

52 G. Tonceva. Op. ci t., fig. 15:6. 63 Ibidem, fig. 16: I, 3, 4, 7, 12, 13.

5' S. M 0 r i n z. P. ~ 0 man. Op. cit., 119-'-

128; A. Dod d-O p r it esc u. Op. cit.

55 S. M 0 r i n z , P. R. 0 man. Op. cit., Abb. 19.

1i6 V. N e m e j co v a-P a v u k 0 v a. Peri 0-

disierung der Badener Kultur und ihre chronologichen Beziehungen zu Siidosteuropa. - Thracia praehistorica, Supp!. Pulpudeva 3. S., 1982, p. 171.

67 E. 4 e p H hI X. I'opnoe ,[{eJIO H MeTaJIyprHll B }lpeaHei!UIeif BOJIrapIlH. C., 1978, 262-285.

5S E. 4 e p H hI x. Flpoaaneaa s panaonansnoro II Hpal{1I0HaJIbHOrO a ap xeonoraaecxoz KyJIbType. - Cosercxas ap xeoaorus, 1982, N~ 4, 8-20.

Ii9 X. To J{ 0 P 0 a a. EHeOJlHT ... , 70-71.

60 r. reo p r H e a, H . .M e p n e p 1', P. K:aT II H 'I a p 0 B. I1.wr. C'bti., 520-523; H. M e p n e p T. .3THOKYJIbTypHhIe H3MeHeHHlI aa BaJIKaHaX aa py6!'iKe 3HeOJlHTa H pauaero 6poH30aoro aexa , - B 9TH 0- reaes aapoaos BaJlKaH H Cesepaoro ITplI'lepHOMopbll. M., 1984. 234-244.

Materiaux de la periode transitoire entre l'age de pierre et de cuivre et l'age de bronze de la Bulgarie du Nord

Problernes de rHude

,J!.oeORGIEVA

(R e sum e)

Dans Ie present article sont presentees les sources et de cuivre et de I'age de bronze montre que:

archeologiques pour la periodetransitoire entre 1. Les tribus porteuses des ctlltures (,i:alatin et

I'age de pierre et de cuivre et I'age de bronze du Cernavoda I - Pevec sont~trangeres attd,point de

territoire de la Bulgarie du Nord et certains pro- vue.ethni;qt1e,i\§It~,sdes cu!ful'es Krivodcl-i-Sal kuca

blernes-. de leur interpretation. etJ(od~d€rme~ '- Gumelnica- ~1<aranovo VI. Ce

Les llrnites chronologiques_de la periode sont falt~t,.t~moigtle:.pa.r.lesw:andes diff~r.en~es entre

deterrninees . conditionnellernent par' la finale .des les forl!les et PO~Rementahon de l a ceranu que des

cultures Kodzadermen - Gumelnica-i-Karanovo' VI deux periodes et surtout par l a presence dans la pro-

et Krivodol-i-Salkuca c-Bubanl Hum l a , d'une duction cer~ique des cultures Galatin et_.Cerna-

part, et Ie debut des cultures Cernavoda HI, Orlja- voda I _"Pe'{~c de technologies absoWrtient etran-

Sa dovec et 'M11gura-Kocofeni, d'juire part. PI,l~-. 'geres au~.fraai'Hons locales-et en ~me temps plus dant cette periode.sur Ie .territ~ireetudie. Halent· imparfaites .. ~t€riJil;at!.~n de.J.'argile avec des matieres

rteu' Preasn dsuaelskulcesa -'I·~~ ... ,I·!HUl'eersk· ·u6Ia8nl. atIiIh . (IiIdIenetIqUueba. anul. x HCuuml-., . orga ni qu~ .. ~ t des ecalHe-S-' ~e_ m oul es e t d 'escargots

'(. , B trit urees). . .;'. ' ?

Ia) et Cernavoda I-Pevec. La Irontiere supposee . 2. Les uembreuxvelemenls similaires entre l a

entre elles passe par les bassins Iluviaux d'Osam et cerarni que des cultures Galatin et Cernavoda I -

d 'Olt. Elles font partie de I'ensemble de cultures Pevec et celle des . cultures de la haute epoq ue de

archeol ogi ques avec-pes caracteristi ques sernblables, brqnze de la msrne region ternoignent de l a presence

forme pendant celie periode dans Iii region du Danube de liens geneJ.!qye;; entre .~lIes. _

moyen et inferieur - Cernavo~~ I - Pevec=-Gala- _ .3-. LapreseJ:l~.:·de. traditions technologi q ues dif-

tin-s-Salkuca IV-Herkulan II"""-IlI .:_,;. Bubani Hum fereSlt~dans.,J~~,pfoduction cerarnique des cultures

I - Balaten-i-l.aslnja 'II~lIf ,..":,,, Bodrc~\(er:estur ,~, }~plriode.,ttll~sitoire; non-Iiees avecIcs carac-

- Vl!jsl\a.-Hunjadihalom-Laznjani.· , terlst!ques formeHes .et Ionctionnelles : des vases-

L''arial yse comparative des car acteristi ques fon- ternoignent de la composition ethique heterogene de

damentales des ensembles cerami ques des cultures leurs porteurs. L'origine probable d'une partie d'elles

Galatin et Cernavoda I - Pevec et de celles des dolt. ~tre cherchee dans Ies regions steppiques du

cultures precedentes et suivantes de I'age de pierre littoral :;.4~~1l1.~r .~jjl'e ,~,eptentrion\i'ah""

..."~~,,,,-." - ~>: ."",,' , ',,'" '_ '"

CcpepOKOHYCH OT nJIHCKa

TOHKA MI1XAI1:J10BA

no speue na apXeOJIOfHqeCKH pa3K0I1KH B llBopII.OBHH II.eHT'bp aa nJIHCKa I1pe3 1980 r.' aa rrspsn I1bT Y Hac 6Hxa OTKpHTH 3HaqHTeJIeH 6pOH <pparMeHTH OT r JIHHeHH C<pePOKOHYCH (526 6p.) H TPH II.eJIH csna. OT,!I.eJIHH <pparMeHTH ca H3BeCTHH OT I1pe,!l.HII1HH I1poyqBaHHH TYK2, HO cera ce KOMI1JIeKTYBa rOJIHMa KOJIeKII.HH OT 29 csna - 3 HaI1bJIHO sanaaena (OT e,!l.HHHH e OTqYI1eHO YCTHeTo), 13 H3II.HJIO H 13 qaCTHQHO pecraspapana (12 6e3 YCTHH H 1 C JIHI1CBamO ,!I.bHO)3.

Oouioro BbB <popMaTa aa THH CI1eu.H<pHqHH csnose ca ropaara C<pepHQHa QaCT H KOHHqHO ,!I.bao. HaH-npOMeHJIHBa e cpennara 'faCT na Cb,!l.a - nO-H3,!1.bJI)Keaa, OBaJIHa HJIH nO-H3- ,!I.YTa, crpepaxaa, nonsxora II.HJIHa,!l.pHqHa HJIH 6HKOaHQaa, C B,!I.JIb6HaTH HJIH rJla,!l.KH crena. BHCOQHHaTa sapapa OT 11,2 CM ,!I.O 15,8 CM, a MaKCHMaJlHHHT ,!I.HaMeTbp - OT 8,8 CM ,!I.O 12,8 CM. llbHoTO e o6bpHaT npecesea xonyc

C pa3J1HqHH pasaepa, QHiiTo ,!I.HaMeTbp e OT 1,3 CM,!I.O 2,7 CM. rope 3aBbpII1BaT C THCHa II.HJIHH,!I.pHQHa llIHHKa (,!I.HaM. 2,4-3,6 CM) H MaJlKa rJlaBHQKa KaTO JleKO CI1JIeCHaTa norrycrpepa C Kpbr'bJI OTBOP (,!I.HaM. 0,8- 1,3 CM).

fJIHHaTa, OT KOfiTO ca H3TOqeHll crpepoKOHYCHTe, e xepaa, CbC CHHKaBOCHB HJIH TbMaoKa<tJHB OTTeHbK, C MaJlKO CHTHH neCbqHHKH H e,!l.HHHqHH KBapUOBH 3pbHII.a. TbMHHHT II.BHT na r JlHHaTa e nOK83aTeJl aa H3nHQaHe npn BHCOKa reaneparypa. Cnopez Ha6J11o,!l.eHHHTa na HHKOH CbBeTCKH yxemr B cnysaa e npanaran T. Hap. "KJIHHKepeH" Me-rO,n, npu xoaro ce I10JIyqaBa BHCOKa MeXaHHqHa YCTOHqHBOCT, HeqYBcTBHTeJlHOCT KbM TeMI1epaTypHHTe KOJIe6aHHH H HHCKa sononor JlbmaeMocT. T OBa e CJlO)KHO ,nOpH sa CbBpeMeHHHTe YCJIOBHfI rpsauapcxo npoH3BO,!l.CTBO H rosopa aa BHCOKO pa3BHTHe aa T03H 3aHaHT.

15

• Ta6!10 !. Cc/JepOKOHYCU om 17AuCKa - t;eAU U pecmaepu panu . Tableau !. Cones sphcriques de Pliska - in tacts et resiaures

.nOMbT B rrosenero CJIyqaH e na HBHU)I - 06HKHoBeHO xepeu KbM st.auurara nom.pxnocr H BHHeHOqepBeH no Kacjl5IB KbM m.rpeiuaara B pe3YJITaT Ha He.ll,oH3rrHqaHe HJIH Ha rrpoHHKsane na anrooara, C K05ITO e noxpnra m.rpeurHOCTTa sa yrrJIbTH5IB3He na nryn.nare H rpanaBHHHTe H ocarypaaane aa sononenponyCKB3eMOCT. 4ecTo OTBbH e 06pa3yBaH TbHbK nepen CJIOll OT npext.caane ztocr-sna na KHCJIOpoz B neurra no BpeMe na OrraJIBaHeTO. TIOH5IKor3 OTrope My e HaHeceHO TbHKO rrOKpHTHe CbC CBeT JIOKacjl5IB UB5IT C M3TOB 6JI5ICbK, MO)Ke 6H rJIa3YP3. To e 3arr33eHO aa MeCTa BbB BH.ll, na nerrra II IIBHUII, cncncrnne na ynorpeoa H 06r3p5IHe. 4HpenbT e snpas, "K3MeHeH", Hepasnonepno .ll,e6eJI II rpy6 - OT 0,6 CM .ll,0 2,3 CM. H3H-MaCHBHO II Te)KKO e .ll,bHOTO. Ha- 6JIlO.ll,eHII5ITa BbPXY rpparnetrnrre rrOKa3BaT, 'Ie nan-pasapoceau ca pavenere, a .ll,OJIHaTa KOHyCOBH.ll,Ha qaCT e sanaseaa U5IJIa IIJIH cnynena no BepTHK3JIa. CJIe.ll,IITe OT rpr.nvapcxoro KOJIeJIO npn 1I3TOqBaHeTO ca OTqeT JIHBH, neo-

16

I

rJIa)K.ll,aHlI, na pb6qeTa H HBHILH no BbTpellInara nOBbpXHOCT (o6p. 134•35, 06p. 31), BbHuraara nom.pxnccr HaH-qeCTO e JIeKO BbJIHO- 06pa3Ha, KaTO npn H5IKOH csnoae e aar.nanena .ll,onbJIHHTeJIHO. He BliHarli MO)Ke na ce xazce C YBepeHOCT .ll,aJIH e H3rrOJI3YB3HO xpasno, lIJIli Te)KKO PbqHO rp snvapcxo KOJIeJIO, HO npe- 06JIa.ll,aB3T ct.noaere, aa KOHTO MO)Ke .ll,a ce rm.pna, qe ca 1I3pa6oTeHH na xpanao KOJIeJIO. ¢parMeHTHTe B no-rOJI5IMaTa en q3CT ca .ll,ecjlopMHpaHIi OLUe npn 1I3nHqaHeTO lIJIH OT BTOPHlJ.HO CliJIHO oorap sne. TIpH zraa OT lJ.aCTIIlJ.HO pecraapupannre ct.noee ca no.nennann KbCxera rJIHH3 OT ztp yru crpepoxonycn (o6p. 15, 30. 31. 32 o6p. 31.2)' .uOJIH3Ta KOHYCOBlI.ll,Ha qaCT e orpopuena 1I -rpea .ll,OnbJIHHTeJIHO or JIa)K.ll,aHe C nJIOCbK, TeceH HHCTpYMeHT, OT KOHTO ,'IHlJ.aT BepTHK3JIHH H3JIbCKaHH HBHUH.

He33BHcHMO OT CXO.ll,CTBOTO Me)K.ll,y OTKPIITHTe B TIJIHCKa crpepoxon yca, rrpH BHHM3TeJIHO cpanneune MoraT .ll,a ce OTKpH5IT H5IKOH pasJIlIlJ.H5I BbB cpOpM3Ta H pasnepnre , B rJIHHaTa H TeXHOJIOrH5IT3 H3 H3pa6oTKa, KoeTO H3JIara T5IXHOTO pa3.ll,eJI5IHe H3 rpynH H THnOBe C no H5IKOJIKO B3 pH3HTa 4.

TIo pasxepa re ca pasnpeneneaa B rpa rpyna - reiJIeMH, ... cpenan H MaJiKH. fOJIeMHTe ca C ooma BHCOllHHa 14-15,8 CM H MaKCHMaJiNI ,lJ.HaMeT'bp 10,4--1,28 CM, rpyoo napaGOTeHH, C HenpaBHJIHa <PapMa H aeoraanena nOB'bpXHOCT, C 6eJIH HaJIenH OT CHJIHH OTJIaraHH5I BCJIeJ{CTBHe aa npeCT051 HM B npscrra. CpeJ{HHTe ca C 06lll,a BHCOtIHHa 12,1-12,8 CM H MaKCHMaJIeH J{HaMeT'bp 9,2__:9,8 CM, a MaJIKHTe HMaT pasxepn, C'bOTBeTHO: 11,2-11,9 CM H 8,7-9,8 CM. Te ca nO-rpH}KJIHBO Hapa60- TeHH, C OrJIaJ{eHa nOB'bpXHOCT H ,lJ.on'bJIHHTeJIHO nOKpHTHe, nopana KOeTO H COJIHHTe OTJIaraHH5I ca nO-MaJIKO, a <PaPMaTa e no-npaBHJIHa (06p. 2). .

TIo <PapMa MoraT na ce rpynapar B 4THna (cnopen C'bOTHOllleHHeTO MeJK,lJ.y sacoxanara aa T5IJIOTO H MaKcHMlwaHSI J{HaMeT'bp) HBapHaHTH (cnopen xapaxrepanre oco6eHOCTH aa TSlJIOTO B ropaara tIaCT). K'bM THn A ca OTHeceHH roJIeMHTe C<PePOKOHYCH (7 6p.). TIPH TSIX npeo- 6JIa,lJ.aBa OBaJIH05lHueBH,lJ.HaTa <PaPMa na TSIJIOTO, HO ca 3aCT'bneHH.,BcP~KH. BapHaHTH, pasBHTH npa nO-MaJIKHTe. eK3eMnJISlpH (06p. 11-6, SO-33)' Xapaxrepaa e 3HallHTeJIHaTa pa3JIHKa MeJKJ{Y MaKCHMaJIHHSI ,lJ.HaMeT'bp H BHCOtIHHaTa B nOJISa aa nOCJIe,lJ.HaTa (,lJ.0 2 CM), KaTO HaHH3,lJ.YTaTa llaCT e B ropHaTa nOJIOBHHa Ha C'b,lJ.a

(06p. 2). _

Cpe,lJ.HHTe H MaJIKHTe C<PePOKOHYCH ce pas,lJ.eJISlT na TpH rpyna - B, B, I', C'bOTBeTHO no 8 H 7 csna (06p. 1,-14. 15-21822-28)' XapaKTepHOTO npa TSIX e MaJIKaT8 pa3JIHKa MeJK,lJ.y MaKCHMaJIHHSI ,lJ.HaMeT'bp H BHCOllHHaTa, a npa THn I' Te ca paBHH ,lJ.OpH npa eJ{HH C'bJ{ MaKCHMaJIHHSlT J{HaMeT'bp e no-rOJISlM. TIoCJIeJ{HHTe ca H C HaH-6JIH3Ka J{O HaSBaHHeTO CH <PapMa - C'bC C<PePHllHO TSlJIO. THnOBe B H B ca C noUHJIHHApHllHH TeJIa, paxenere HM ca nonsepTaHH C B,lJ.JI'b6HaTa XOpH30HTaJIHa HBHua, BeP05lTHO sa ,lJ.on'bJIHHTeJIHO saxperrsaae no speue Ha TpaHcnopTHpaHe.

TIPH pasnpenenenaero na IPparMeHTHTe aa repena ce 3a6eJISl3Ba '. 3aKOHOMepHOCT. IlpeQ6JIa,lJ.aBalll,aTa xacr ce orxpnxa B'bB sepuacaa crpaza oN!! 2, ztozreneaa K'bM B'bHIIIHOTO JIHue aa IO:lKHaTa orpanaa CTeHa aa MaJIKH5I naopen, aanaztno OT BXO,lJ.a H (no-ro-me B nse OT nouemeaasra it. H npenxoacnaurare SI SlMH - 200 rpparaeara), H B KBa,lJ.paTHTe, IO:lKHO OT aea, T. e. npea IPacaJ{aTa H, 3an'bJIHeHH C pyuresnaa OT 3HAoBeTe H - 117 rpparaeara (06lll,o 317 ¢parMeHTa). en TSIX ca pecraspapana H3USlJIO HJIH tJ:acTHllHo 15 opepoxoayca, KaTO B HSIKOH HMa H IPparMeHTH, OTKpHTH aa nO-rOJISlMO pasCTOSl~He OT crpanara (06p. 4).

.upyro naxonmne aa IPparMeHTH OT «pepoKOHyCli ce OKa3a nOB'bpXHOCTTa na 5IMa B 6JIH- 30CT ,lJ.0 rOJlSlMa enaoneaaa crpana oN!! 1 (98 -~p.). OT TSIX ca pecraapapaan 13 C'b,lJ.a, KaTO B enaHHSI HMa H IPparMeHTH OT crpana oN!! 2. HaMHpaHeTo HM aaxyn, B'bpxy nnoui C ,lJ.Ha~eT'bp OKOJIO 0,80 M H .ne6eJIHHa aa nnacra 0,20~ 0,30 M nOKa3Ba, tIe ca 6HJIH C'b6paHH H H3-

XB'bpJIeHH TaM HaBeJ{H'bJK CJIeJ{ H3nOJI3YBaHe sa C'bJ{'bpJKaHHeTO .HM. OCTaHaJIHTe IPparMeHTH ca pa3nHJIeHH no. ueJIHSI paaxonan npes 1980 r. repea, HO nOe,lJ.HHHllHO (06p. 4).

TYK HSlMa ,lJ.~. ce cnapaue nO,lJ.p06HO aa B'bnpoca sa npennasaaueaaero na crpaznrre". B'bB sepaaorara crpaaa H ocooeao B npenxoscnamare SI csoptoseaas (SlMH, oramna) e OTKpHTO 3HaqHTeJIHO KoJlHlleCTBO :lKeJISl3Ha IIIJIaKa, cryp H llepHa nenea. B aacana aa e,lJ.HO,lJ.eJI· sara crpana H SlMaTa B 6JIH30CT ,lJ.0 sea ca OTKpHTH ,lJ.eCeTKH IPparMeHTH OT CT'bKJIeHH rpnsHH, B no-ronaxara CH xacr pHcYBaHH, H K'bC' sera CT'bKJIeHa IIIJIaKa. MOJKe 6H ca 6HJIH c'b6- paaa KaTo' cyposaaa aa nperonasane. HanJIaCTSlBaHHSlTa B cnoxeaarara no-rope SIMa, non nnacra C'bC C<PePOKOHYCH, ca MHoro xapaxTepHH - penysania ce ,lI.e6eJIH npOCJIOHKH nenen H sepua cryp. TOBa npasa OCHOBaTeJIHO npe,lJ.nOJIOJKeHHeTO 3a pa3BHTHe na 3aHaSlTllHRCKH npOH3BO,lJ.CTBa B paaona.

B'bB""H OKOJIO BepHJKHaTa crpana oN!! 2, KaKTO H B _ npenxoisnamare 51 c'bOp'b:lKeHH5I, ca O'IKPHTH H nO-rOJISlMa xacr OT 80-Te Me,ll.HH aHORHMRH BH3aRTHHcKH MOReTH, narapaum nepnona aa HaH-HRTeH3HBHo CTonaHCKO H HKOHOMHqeCKO pa3BHTHe Ha T03H paHoH B CJIe,lJ.CTOJIHqHa TIJIHCKa - OT Kpa51 aa X B. J{OK'bM cpenara na X I B.6 Csumre THnOBe MOHeTH ca OTKpHTH H B OCTaHaJIHTe CnOMeHaTH no- rope C'bOp'b:lKeH.HSI, B KOHTO ca OTKpHTH IPparMeHTH OT C<PePOKOHYCH. 3a e,lJ.HOBpeMeHHOTO ,lJ.OCTaBSlHe H H3nOJI3YBaHe aa TOBa HaHCTHHa rOJISlMO KOJIHlleCTBO C<PePOKOHYCHB TIJIHCKa B nocoseHHTe XpOHOJIOrHlleCKH rpaRHUH rOBopH H q>aKT'bT, tie IPparMeHTHTe ca OTKpHTH B e,lJ.HH H C'blll,H nJIaCTOBe - OT 0,40 J{O 0,90 M ,lI.'bJI60- xaaa, KaTO npe06JIaJ{aBaT B nnacra C J{'bJI60- lIHHa 0,70'~0,90 M, HaCHTeR C IPparMeHTH 6H' TOBa xepaxaxa H npyru HaXOJ{KH csuio OT xpaa na X - HaqaJIOTO aa XI B. B SlMHTe MaTepHaJI'bT e rcnaxpoaen C T03H B KyJITypHHTe nJiaCTOBe.

TIpe,lJ.nOJIO:lKeHHeTO sa BHaCSlHeTO na Te3H cneUHIPHllHH C'b,lJ.OBe 3ae,lJ.HO C'bC C'b,lJ.'bp:lKaHHeTO HM ce OCHOBaBa aa IPaKTa, tIe nocera He e H3- BeCTHO npOH3BO,lJ.CTBO na T03H BHJ{ rpsaxapcxu H3,lJ.eJIHSI y Hac npes cpe,lJ.HOBeKOBHeTO. .noMallIHa 6HTOBa 6'bJIrapCKa KepaMHKa OT raKaBa rJIHHa H H3nelleHa no T03H HallHH He e H3BeCTHa. OCBeH B TIJIHCKa nocera C<PePOKORyCH ca aaxepeaa B CHJIHCTpa7, TIepHHK8, CO¢HSl9, HO e,lJ.HHHllHH eK3eMnJISlp~ H pa3JIHllHH no IPopMa. CaMO sa eJ{HH C'bJ{ OT CHJIHCTpa 6H MorJIO na ce ,lI.OnYCHe, lIe e MeCTHO npOH3BO.u.CTBO - rJIHHaTa H raaaypara ca THnHllHH sa 6'bJIrapCKaTa xepaxuxa OT xpas na X B. BePOSITHO TOBa e HMHTaUHSI na BHOCHaTa npo,lJ.YKUHSI.

B'snpocsr aa npOH3XO,lJ.a aa IPoPMaTa, npenH83HatJeHHeTo H uearposere aa pasnpocrpaHeHHe aa C<PePOKOHYCHTe e nOCTaB5IH orne npn H8MHpaHeTO aa rrspsure naxonmna B Cpenaa H MaJIa MHSI, aa BaJIKaHCKHSI nOJIYOCTpOB.

3 APXe<IJIOrlllI, 1, 1987

17

18

II, III

___::;-'
, 1756 153" .I29f 113~~105r ~ 8~F 8["
160" (c: 137, .,» 121 r
,. ' :"/ ". , \ 1" \
.OJ. " \ -Jl_ a - 2 <j'p . H-I Q1p.
.' . c r I' a5<Pp._~
,\ ..:--~~
175" 160" '153f 137" . 129"' 121A 113~ 105" 97"' 89" 81'
, II <pp.
- " '. r:(~P.
r---'-
_175r:_~ 160· 153" 137' 129" 1210 \, -----113e 105e ~)7e 8ge 81e
,.-"
-l i~fJ\3 ~ 3 <I,p. 18 'j1p. 7 ,11p. I <I'p·
.. " .'
".' ..
175" '" ~;Q:_j \ 153" 137"' 129'" 121'" 113''' 10:," ~)7if\ 89'" 81"
.0,- -
9~~ ~~'\' 7.5 cpp. 1 cpp. 3 'I'p.
17Se '" J ~?O'" 153'" 137' 129' 121' 11:J3 1053 nJlllCKA 1980.r __
:1 "=[4~ .. . _ . _ .. _. - ----------
4 ,pp. 37 'PP· 2 q,p. :2 cpp. 4 qlp. 1 'I'p. )\'j'p. KpYMOB .~A. Tp, Y-Ta, canan
0" . -
;32 <llP.~p' , .' Mec:roHaXO}f{J~CIIH~ ua tPparMeliTHTe
175)1( u UJIGI' 153:t 137" 129" 121 " 113" 105" OT c.pepoxouyca
r-- -<'.' :.\);1 2 3 ,J' Sm
f--- - 2 ,pp. ' I 'I'p· H-3 ljJp.
.. . -
---.,.. ,; ~;L>i. ~ ,~ r ',' 1_'~ 1
.. ,
160" 15311 137" 129" 1:21 " , ' ,,~ '., - .. IV

2 <pp .

• Ta6/1O n U Ill. PUCYHKU «a cdiepoxonu cu, pa;:j np eoesenu filo mufW6f' U eapuanmu . T.q.f;JeB~ 11 .et, 11 L(>; Dessins des' cones 's'phCriques, reparti.S''"Rg.r~J.ypes 'et vac' "

riantes ..

• Ta6Ao ftV. Pl1'3iI.p'eoe.1eHu'eT'J{a rppahleHmume om ctbepoxonucume 8'OpXY mep eua, npcuue« npes 1980 c. Tableau 1 V. Repartition des fragments des cones spheriques sur Je te,:r¥~,r;, fouillhelt 19BP,_ S;

C pasump aaane 06eMa aa apXfOJIOPH'leCKHTe npoyvsanns e -HqTpyrraH orpoxen MaTepHaJI, xoirro navnpauce no-rrsnno H scecrpauao 0651- CHeHHe B pa3JIHqHHTe H3CJle)J,BaHH5I. Bene He 6Y)J,H C'hMHeHH5I MHeHHfTO 3a H3TOqHH5I npoH3XO)J, aa ¢opMaTa, sa pa3Ho-npaHHOTO rrpHJIO»cenne na Te3HS:'h)J,OBe: EI"t'YHTa" npOH3BO)J,CTBOTO, aJIXHMHQHHTe ,zIa60paTopH,H H KeTO Tapa sa npesos aa CK'hITH'TeItHH'MaTepHaJIH. Te ca H3- pa60TBaHH B pa3JIH'lHH uenrpone, OT KOHTO ce pasn pOCTpaH5I~3-aT 3ae)J,HO C'hC c'h)J,'hp:m:aHHfTo CH aa rOJIeMH TepHTopHH KaTO npenxer na T'hPrOBH5I.

Karo rpopxa ctpepoxouycnre ca l:I3BeCTHH of )J,'hJ160Ka)J,pEB,HPCT - B Kapunp EJIYP ca 91\:; KpHTH MaJIKH, ¢HHH, CT'hKJIeHH c¢epOKOHH'lH.,,!~ ¢JIaKOHH sa 6JIarOBOHH5I10, Q]:, apxeo.nor-aQeCK/He Ha6JIlO)J,eHH5I ceBH:m:)J,a, Qe .re 6HTYBaT npes U5IJIOTO cpe)J,HOBeKOBHe i--- IXI.c.::_XV B" a no eraorpadcxn )J,aHHl-L e H3BeCTHO H3rro,J:I3YBaHe10 HM )J,O HaWH )J,HH (HaQaJIOTO na XX B,) sa csxpanxnaae na :m:HBaK, aa npHrOTB5IHe aa JIeRapCTBa H K03MeTJ-I'lHH rrpenaparu+. B rrHCMeHl1Te HSTOQHHUH rrspsooopas-sr na c¢ePOkOHyc11Te Mo:m:e)J,a ce OTKpHe B H5IKOJIKO PbKODHca Ha TpaKTaTH OT apa6cKH, apMeHcKH H )J,pyfH YQeHH- aJIXHMHUH H JIeKapH12, 0651cHeHH5ITa 3a nOJIYQaBaHe Ha' KHHOBap, 3a H3nciJI- 3YBaHeTO aa :m:HBaKa B Me)J,HUHHaTa H aJIXHMH4HHTe .naooparopuu, omlc8HHeTo'H-a H'5IKOH

113.

XHMHKOTeXHOJIOfl-I'lHH.~ npouecn ca cr.npaeo)J,eHH OT PIi10YHlHI . na C'h)J,OBe, Bep05:iTHO CTbJ(-. JIeim, ,KOHTd',rrO¢OpMa OTrOBap51T na H3HeCTHHTe .F;!Y,! c¢eppKOHYCH. Koraro e Tp5l6BaJIO )J,a; 6'h)J,8T (rIO)J,JIo:m:eHH na aarpasane B neunr, -re ca 06Ma3BaHH C'hC CrreUHaJIHa ,,3)J,paBa rJIlfHa~'13. Bep05lTHO npn': onnrnre ; CH B JIa60paTopHHTe H3TOQHHTe XHMHUH QeCTO H3nOJI3YBaT CT'hKJIeHH' C'hJI,o,Be C'hC c¢epciKOHHlII1a' rpopua. YA96Ha, aa KOHue'HTpa[~H5I . na yraiixara B T5ICHO'TO 'KO'-' HH4HO )J,'bHO - Ba:m:HO YCJIOBHe sa roranaiu-

nara XHMI1'lHa Te~IiPJlOr,l151lA. ~ .,

Y)J,06CTBOTO na ¢opivra;ra, ,He06xo)J,HMOCTTa 01' rpancnopr .» p,a3Wrrp5IBaHeTO !Ha ynorpe- 6aTq, HM. e p.aJIo:m:HJIO· u3noJi3YBam:TO 'Ha rro- 3.LLpaB M4TepEaJf, KaiK15BTO; e rJIHHqTa15. MOJKe 6H peutennero e 6HJlO rrO)J,CKa3aHo' OT nom,nHl-l;re.Jjl'ioTO o6Ma3BaHe na CT'hKJIeHHTe KOJI6u B JIa'80P'l'TOpHHTe C rJIHHa, sa .;)J,a' nsm.pacar aa BHQQRaTa TeMrrepaTypa B neurra. He3aBHcHMO on-oriuurre xapaxrepnn -reprn H2.7JHue ca H JIO~ilJ1i1H CC06eJiOCTH, H8C04Ball:l,H K'hM nponaBO)J,G-'FB.q' B pa3JIHQHH H3TO'l,HH- rpancxn uenrpone. OTKpHBaHeTO na rp'hHQapCKH nenui .aa. c¢ep8KoHyCH B MHoro OT T5I)L norm.p acnasa

TOBa MHeHHe16, ."

. B1>rrpOC'hT sa npe)J,Ha~HaT.jeHHeTO na crpepoKOHyoHTe )J,'hJIro speue 'e OCTaBaJI OTKpH'l' H, TOBa e rrpe)J,H3BHKaJIO c~3)J,aBaHeTo Ha MHoro XHrroTe3H17, B" rrO-H0I3J.iTe H3c.rie)J,BaHH5I, KaTO cecbrrOCTaB5IT H 06061l:l,aBaT' BCHQKH H3BecTHH )J,aHHu(nI1CMeHH, apXEOJIOrH'leCKH, ernorparp-:

CKH),' ce npasu )J,H¢epeHUHaUH5I' B'h3 OCHoBa :'Ba~ ¢Opl\1aTa H yxpacara HM" nonsepraaa ce TBX.~, HOTO WHPOKO '1-1 pa3HoCTpaHl·!'L rrpHJIo:m:eHve:, HO _ ce nanara XHrrOTe3aTa sa J:f3rrOJI3YBaHE.T0· HM npeznoano: KaTO :m:HEa'lHH C'h.lL0~.~:18, )-13,-.

nOJI3YBaHeTO HM sa npesoa H~ CK'bnH resHOCTH - MaCJIa, JIeKapCTBa. K03MeTHQHH npenapar a H 6JIHCEOEHH, t l'tJIC)KHJIO rpH)KJIHB~ w p. C01K2 Ii 6on.n yxpac b. 3&l JIy)KaBa BHBM1:>hl1t H MHth'HtTO sa KYJI,TOBOro HM npenaaaaaseaae - nanpaxep KaTO CBem.eHH CBeTHJI· HHUH B MlOClOJIMaHCKHTe .n.)KBMHH B DJII.f3KHH H Cpenea H3TOK19• Ilpeaossr HB JKHBaK H ae-

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rOBH C'MlHHe.HH~ ~aqpoIl3~qtlCT~HH u ueJIH H3HCKBa .' H ,BCH.IJKO ytJ.P(5cTBO H TpaHHOCT, 3aTOBa ... ,.,311 cAyqaA C'bjoBeTe ca rpy6H H sapaaa. '~~lO". rOJIHMO BHHMatIHeCe 06p'blUB II na ynJI'bT"~.8Heto na B'bTpeWJ:lOCTT8 HM, 1JeCTO nOJIHTa c~H~b6a. TYK H3HlfKB~ B'bnpOC'bTOTK'b.l{e e e3eNaH tOJIKOBa )KHBaK H aa KaKBO e H3nOJI3YBaa? ~ npzpoaara JKHBBK'bT ce cpema

CEPOKOHYCH - THOOBe H BapHaNTH T a 6 n H It a I - THO A. &apHaHTH

PUMe.,.. C1iOTHOWe!IH.
no~. HH8 • .Nt T.6AO I J I rp. Sap!!-
06p. H h ~t I 11 d h:h. h:/l P-PH IHTH
liB ",a TIMO (d .... Ho·11) "ICC. "IIeH~ -, 736 1·1 aan, 14 8-8.7 11 7,8 1.66:1 1.27:1 1
peer; - U-AI 14.8 cp.8.4
(lea yeT.
1111 1-3 15.8 13,2 .1,5 . 10,8 8.1 1,76:1 1,22:1 3
peer, II-A3
746 1·4 13 7.5-8 11 8 1.66:1 1.18:1 4
peeT. - II-A4 cp.1.8
6es yc';l.
1112 1-5.30 aan. 13 8.5-9.5 11.8-11 8.8 1.44:1 1,14;1
peCT. - m·l 13,8 cp.9 cp, 11.4
6es YCT.
734 1-2 14 It.9-U,2 5.6-6 10,1-10.2 9,9-9;2 2:1 1,11:1 2
asn, Win II·A2 <:p.-12 tp,-6 cp, -10.4 cpo -9.5
11123 r·31.32 14 1,5-8.5 12.8 9,4 1,15:1 1.09~1 5
peer. - I1I·2 cp.--8
6es ycr,
738 1·6 15.5 12.2 7,5 11.6 8.2-9.8 1,63:1 1.05:1 5
peer, II·A5 ep. -9
Cp, paaMep. 13.06 1,14 1l,28 8,74 1,68:1 1,15:1
T a IS .II H II a h - THn 6, sapaaHTH PIlMe.,.. c ... ~ ••
nOA. HHa • .Nt 186.n. I I (d ~~0'11) I I I rp. BaJIH·
06p. H h 11 d h:h, h:ll P-PH 8HTH
QUa u"'o MaKe. Pi"I!He . U13 1-7 12.8 10.8 as-e 9,2 1.7 1.&Ci:1 1,11:1 II
peer. 11·51 cp, ~,8
741 1-8 11.9 9.8 4,5--5,5 8,1-9.2 7.1-8 1,94:1 1,08:1 III 2
peer, 11-621 cp,. -5 cp.-9 cpo -1,8
1111 1~9 12,1 10 S-6 9,1-9,6 7.8-$.1 1.811 1.07:1 II 2
peer, II-62t cpo --5,5 cpo -"9,3 cpo ...... 8
1117. 1-10 san, 10,2 5.0-6.0 9,6 8-8.4 1.8:1 1,07:1 11 2
peer. - 1I.62a 10.5 cpo ---5,5 cpo -8.2
6e3. yeT.
1115a 1-11 aan, 9.6 4.5-5.5 9.4 7.1 1,92:1 1.02:1 III 2
peer. - 11-62, 10.1 cpo --5
6ell yeT.
140 1-12 11,4 9 4---5 9 7,2 2.00:1 I,QO:I III 3
peer, 1I.6~ cpo ~4,5
746 1·13 9.1 5--Q,5 9,6 8,2 1.8:1 1,00:1 III 3
peCT. - 11-62& ep.-5,3
CSes yeT.
1115 1-14 11.6 9.4 5 9,4 7.9 1.8:1 0,98:1 III 3
peer. II-Ji2.r
Cp. pa3MtpH 9.8 5.2 9.2 7,$ 1.88:1 1,06:1
20, T a (5 11 H II. a Ia - THn B, SapHa8TH

P.I .. ep. C'bOTHOWeHHlI
-
nM. HH •• )6 T.6JI0 I I (dA~o-A) I I I rp. Bapn-
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1I1IM UollO .. aKC. paMOHe'
. 1118a 1-15 3an. 10 5 8,9-9,4 8,1-8,7 2:1 1,09:1 II
pecr. - II-Bl1 11 cp, -9,2 cp. -8,4
6e3 ycr.
1116 1-16 san. 10,2 7.8 9,7 8,3 1,3:1 1.05:1 II
peer. - u-ai, 12,3
Ges YCT.
739 1-17 Il.6 9,5 5 9,4 7,9 1,9:1 1.03:1 III 2
peer. II"B21
742 1-18 11.2 9 5 8,7 8.2 1.8:1 1.03:1 III 2
peer, II-B2.
745 1·19 san, 9,7 5-5.5 9,4-9,6 8,8 1.83:1 1.02:1 II 2
peer. - II-B2s 10,2 ep. -5,3 cp. -9,5
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737 1-20 11,6 9,3 5-5,5 9.2-9.6 7,3 1,19:1 1,01:1 III 2
san, QlIJI I1-B2, ~ .-,,; cp;-5,3 cpo -9,4
1118 1-21 san. 9,1 5 9 8,3 1,80:1 1.01:1 III 2
peer . .,- II-B2~ 9,2
6e3 ycr.
Cp, pa3Mep" 9.5 5.5 9.2 8,3 1.77:1 1,03:1
rl (5 JI H U. a Is _- THn r. uapHaHTH P .... e,.. C'bOTHOWeHHR
nooll. HHB. )6 Ta6JIo q~JI·1 l(dl~~ll)1 I I rp. BapH-
06p. h II d h:h, h:.ll P-PH 8HTH
T.JlO "I"C. pa .. e •• 1114a 1·22 H,4 9,1 4.5-5 8.8 1 1,94:1 1,06:1 III
peer. u-n, cp, -4,8
735 1-23 san. .9,6 5 9,4 1.92:1 1.02:1 III
33D. 1lRJ1 lI-rt. 11
OT'I. yCT.
1114 1-24 11.4 9,4 5 9,4.,-9,6 8,2 ! 1,91:1 1,00:1 III
peer. II-fla cpo -9,5
743 1-25 12 10,3 5,5 9,6 7.2 1,87:1 1.07:1 II 2
peer. II-r21
744 1-26 Sin, 10,3 4,5-5,5 9,8 8,4 2,01:1 1,05:1 II 2
peCT. - u-rz, 11 cp, 5
6e3 ycr.
1113a 1-27 $ln. 9,9 5-5.6 9,5 6,7-7,8 1,87:1 1.04:1 II 2
pecr. - I1-f2s 10,9 cp. -5,3 cp, -7,3
6e3 yeT.
747 1-28 9,7 4,5-5.5 9,8 7 1.94:1 0,99:1 III 2
peer. II-r~ cp, -5
Cpo pasxepu 9.8 5,1 9.5 7,5 1,92:1 1.03:1 lIeCTO B C'be,ll.HHeHHH, OT KOHTO ce noayxasa JIeCHO. 06W.OH3BeCTHO e uiHPOKOTO My npaJIO:>KeHHe npes Cpe)l.HOBeKOB¥TO B apaocxare CTpaHH H Te3H, KOHTO ca B IYJITypeH nocer C TSlX, OC06eHO B Me,ll.HUHHaTa, K03MeTHKaTa H 3JIXHMHlIHHTe JIa60paTopHH20. OTKpHTHHTa B JIa- 6()p3TopHHTe HaMHpaT CBoeTO npHJIO:>KeHHe H anpaKTHKaTa,oco6eHO B MeTaJIyprH'llUiTe npoH:~BO)l.CTBa. IYK TWi~~~)la. c~ . q;2.!f~~>T~e, lie Cpe)l.HOBeKOBHHTe XHMHUH CMSlTa~hmli~:~KaL sa OCHOBHa lIaCT aa BCHliKH MeTa.1IH. 01' Hero

cnope,ll. THX 3aBHCHT TaKHBa CBOHCTBa Ha MeTaJIa KaTO 6JIHC'bK, KOBKOCT, TOI}HMOCT. 113- nOJI3YBa ce H sa noayxaaaae na xY)l.O:>KeCTBeHH 60H, aa aMaJIraMHpaHe21. Te3H cXBaw.aHH5I HaMHpaT H3pa3 B HaJIHlIHeTO aa ueJIH CKJIa,ll.OBe OT C¢ePOKOHYCH B 6JIH30CT .110 Me)l.OJIeHpHH H :>KeJIe30,ll.06HBHH neum B CTOJIHUHTe na BOJI:>KK3 D'bJIrapHH - DOJIrap H DHJIHp22. B Mt:')l.HHTe PYAH lIeCTO ce C'b)l.'bp:>KaT H npyrn MeTaJIH - MOJIH6)l.eH, HHKeJI, OJIOBO, 3JIaTO H cpeopo, lIHeTO H3BJIHlIaHe CTaBa C nOMOw.Ta aa axanra-

21

MHpaHe tIpe3 >KBBaK23. Ilpa n06HBa aa >KeJI5I30 nepnon aa 3HatIHTeJIHQ' pa3BHTHe HalIJIlfCKa

>KHBaK npaKTWleCKH ae ve H€OOXO.1l.HM __;_->Ke- KaTO rpa.1l.CKB 3aHaSlTtIUHCKOnpOB3BO;UCTBeH

JIe3HlITe PY.1I.H, H3nOJI3y~aHuoT- BOJI>KKHTe uear'sp. KOH ca 1iocHTeJIHTe aa Te3H BHCOKH

O'bJIrapH, He C'b.1l.'bP>KaT ueHHH MeTaJIH. AHa- sa BpeMeTO CH TeX~OJIorlllfHH 3HaHHSI H YMe-

JIJl3'bT aa >KeJIe3HJlTe Jl3.11.eJIJl5£ OTTJI}! ueiitpoae HlfSI,'HenOJIY'IIHJIJI nmpOKO pasnpocrpaaenae H ooaae noxasaar, tIe B THX H3KYCTseif6 "e - .ztolSll- -, - pa3BHTHe B D'bJIrapHSI? OCseH TOBa re ca BSIH HHKeJI. CJIe;uoBaTeJIHO, B'bsMO>KHO .e-naxe- HMaJIH H B'b3MO>KHOCTIi sa naJIetIHH T'bprOBCKli

pennre B OJI1I30CT no >KeJIe30no6HBHa nem cepe- Bp'b3KH. -' - , .:

POKOHYCH .1I.a ca C'b;U'bp>KaJIli resna HHKeJIOBa , HaJIHtIHeTO aa C4lePOKOHYCH B nJIHCKa TPSlO-

~aMaJIraMa24~ - - sa .1I.a ce CB'bP>KE"C HSlKaKBO MeTaJIyprHiIHo

HaJIJltIHeTO na rOJISlM 6pOH OT Te3H C'b.1l.0Be npOH3BOnCTEO HJIH xY)!,O>KeCTBeH 3aHaSfT;-' Mc,>Ke

B nJIHCKa, .1I.aTHpaHH B onpeneaea nepnon OT OH npa )!'QO_PBa n oopaOOT,~aTa aa Me.n.:·~c.Ta-

HeHHOTO C'bIll,eCTBYBaHe _ xpaa aa X '_ rrsp- HOBSlBaHeTO aa HaXO)!,HliUP'3: na H3no~gysa-

aara nOJIOBHHa aa X I B., nOCTaBSI MHOfO B'b- ItBTe TYK Me,llHlI PY.llH H TeXHJlSI C'bCTaS; npo-

npOCH. Ilspso, aaxonamero :e 1I30JIHpaHO no C.lJe,llSlBaHeTO aa rexnonoruara aa Me.1l.0.1l.00HBa

CBOSlTa MaCOBOCT xaxro aa sepHT0l}tlSlTa aa ~H .ll.OnpHH__eCJIO sa H3S1CHHBalle aa T03H m.npoc.

D'bJIrapJlSl; raxa H B cauara nJIHCKail. BTOPO", _ OT zrocera Haqp~eHl-\1;e:_ . .aBaJIH3H na >Ke-

BaJIHtIHeTO HM TYK e pe3YJITaT OT T'bprO'BCKH JIe3-HH H3,lJ.eJIHSI OT nJIHCKaHe e yqaHoBeHO

Bp'b3KH C HSIKOH rOJI~M H3Tqq~H ue~T',l,>p_~ J-Ie H3JI~tIHe Itac HHKeJI:B >KeJISl30TO. CJIe,llOBat~HO

e oe3 saasenae n'bJIHOTO CXO,llCTBO ~~'bB wop- t, npe . .1I.p.OJIO>KeHHeTO sa npeaos 11 C'bXpaHSlBa.He ua

xara, ,llOPRB aallHH3,. aa cxynaaue Ha<ppar- T~lIHa HHKeJIOB3 3M3JIraMa B C<PePOKOHYCHTe

MeBTHTe, CoC c¢epOKoJiYCHTe OT DOJIrap~ noaa HY>K,llH'te na >Ke'JIe30,ll00HBa H >KeJIe3QOOpa-

.1I.OOHa e H- oocTaHoBKaTa aa aauapaaero HM cOTB3HeTo sacera ornana'". .

B 6;1Hf~OCT--.no---npO-H3BO)J.CT'BeH1I-cnop'b}KeH~8 HaJIHlJHeTQ--Ha MHoro <pparMeHTH OT CT'bK-

Tpero, H3nOJI3YBaHeTo na c'b,ll1,p>KaHHeTO HM,JIeHH rpHBRH C pHcYBaH opaaxear B T03H

BepOSlTHO C npOH3BO,llcTBeHa uen, oaaasasa paHOH nOCTaBSI He caxo m.npoca 3a H3nOJI3Y-

BHCOKO TeXHHlIeCKO HHBO aa HSIKOH 3aHaSlTH BaHeTO HM KaTO CypOBHHa sa nperonaaane, HO

B nJIHCKa. Ba>KHO eOOCTOSlTeJICTBOTO, lie TOBa H sa MeCTHOTO HM np0H'3BO~CTB028. B'b3MO>KHO

CTaBa B rrspsara nOJIOBHmi aa X I B. _ spexe :,e npH nOJIYlIaBaHeTo na xY,llO>K€CTBeHH 60H aa aa OTHOCHTeJIHa CTaOHJIHoC"--Ha- -SH:3aHTHii-: -YK{mC-a'l1l lfMna e H3ll0JI3YBaH >KHBaK, csxpa-

CKaTaBJIaCT B CeBepoH3TOQHa: D'bJIrapbSl H HSIS3H B CmepoKoHyCHTe2D•

-- - 1 Ilpea i980- r,6e-n"i)oyqeHaiiJio~ OT OKOJIO 11 ITaK TaM, C. 209, 21 i--213.

1260 KB. M aasanaz; oT,T,oHHaTa liaJlaTa H Ki)jtHO OT .,. :12 10. C. ,M Y C a;6;6 K 0 B. ,XHMHH Y apados H orpaaaara TYXJleHa CTeHa aa MaJlKHH naopen, ~OCTH- ii,lee- RCTOKU, - H3 UCTOpUH HatYKJI; ,H TeXHHKH BCTpa-

raliKH, B aenocpeacraeaa 6J1H30CT ~O JJ.BOPIlOBaTa aax BOCTOKI.I."M., 1960, aan, 1, c. 445; B. B., JI Y-

6a3HJlIIKa (Til6J10 IV)~'--' H H H. K BOripOCY 0 <l>YHKIlHOH~JlbHOM Ha3HaqeHHU

2 CT. eTa H q e B. Pa3KOllKH H HOBOOTKPHTH cepoKOHHqeCKHX COCY~OB B ~-Bsi3H C O~HHM' PYKonHC-

MaTepHaJlH B ITJlIICKa I1pe3 1948 r. - HAH, XX, HhiM HCTOqHHKOM. - B: HCTOPHH MaTepHaJlbHoo'KYJlb-

1955, c. 203;C,'b~HflT. MaTepHaJuj OT .llBopilbBIIJI TyPhi Y36eiOtcT3Ha, asm. 2. TawKeHT, 254--268.

nem-sp B ITJlHCKa. - HAH, XXIII, 1960, c .. 56, 13 JI. O. B II JI b '[ e B C KKH. CepoKo~e-

06p. 1644' cxae COCY:lI.hlB upeJJ,Heaa.llaTCKoM. rpaKTaTe 110 I1pHKJla~-

. 3 Pecranpapauero lfacepOKOHYCHTe 6e H3B'bp- Iwli TeXHOJlOrU" XII «: - CA s" ,1.961 , KH. 2, c,'.'210.

ureao OT Cr. I'eopraena, xepavax-pecrasparop I1pH Cnopen Hero TepMHH'bT "CKJlHH'Ka" He oanasaaa aenpe-

~IIJlHM aa Al1M '.K'bM:BAH - rp. IlIYMeH, Ha_-KOHTO _Metfuo CT'bKiIeIi C'b,!\, .arxonria H306~0. C. E.' M H-

6J1arO~apH 38 npennaaara paoora. x aa b q e H K o. CijlepoKo,H.yehi nOBOJllKbH,.

4 THI10J10rH3HpaHeTO 6e H3B'bpWeHO H C oraen KCHl1MK, 1974, asm. 40, c. 49. ABTOP'b'lI':t_cIDi'ra,

aa ~aBaHe B'b:;!l"'OlKHO H!lii-Il'bJlHH CBe,lleHHH 3a_KOJIeK- -se ce rosopa (HMeHHo 3a CT'bK~HH C'b,llOBe.

IlIlHTa cepoKblfYCII orTlaacxa, K'&TO'6H cnOMOrHaJlO rl, •.• K, P. M . .lllK a a.nc JI a aa H. U.HT. csu.,

IIpH 110-HaTaT'bWHOTO HM U3CJle.n:BaHe' H cpaaaaaane 'c. --21 0'. ' ,

C THH OT pasaaxaare uearpose aa npoH3Bo~CTBO H 15 Pa3rJlelK~aliKH B'bnpOCa sa MaTepllaJla, OT

paanpocrpaaease B CpeJl.Ha MaJla: A3H H H ~pyra~e. KOHTQ ce H3pa6OTB2T 'cepoKoHYCUTe, C. E. M H-

& Crpanare II C'bOp'blKeHHHTa, pasxonaaa B T03H x a.a.s q e H K 0 (U.UT. C'bq., c~-49)' 06p'b~a BHHMaHHe

_ cexrnp npes J 98.0 r., ca p aar JI e,lla HII _B oraeaaa.crara H: H aOTIqlH aa HIil'e-,lUWe.II-IUI -1UIJI'bllH .OT Y C1'p oil:c-r BOTO

T. M H X a Ii JlO B a. Crpana II C'bOp'blKelf"(_fl aa ~M aBTOp'bT Sl\:KJllOqaBa, qe B THX ce OTJI!lB,a:~,CT'bKJleHU

sarran OT Tpoanara naaara B ITJlHCK3. (xpaa Ha X- C<PePOKOHYCH, a He MeTaJlHH (6H ce 110Jly'iHJlO 11J1'bTHO

XI B.). - B: ITJlHCKa-npeCJlaB. T. V (110~ rrexar). THJlO). TeXHOJIOrUHTa aa H3~YBaHe aa CT'bKJlOTO e

6 MOHeTllTe ca npoysena H onpeaeaeaa OT l1B. n03HaTa OT ~'bJl60Ka ~peBHOCT. ApxeOJlOrHqeCKHTe na-

Ptop.ll.aHOB, HYMH3MaT K'bM cl>HJlHaJl aa AHM K'bM XO,llKU I1OTB'bplK,llaBaT T03H H3BO~ ~ nocera ca aaue-

BAH - rp. IIIYMeH. ..' _ peHH!l3BeCTeH 6poli CT'bKJleHH cepOIIlOHycH, HO HHTO

7 M. C -T B H 'f e B a. KaMeilfiH KaJl'bnH'3a Cipepo- e,lJ;HH MeTaneH. RaTO ce uMa I1peJlBH~ KpeXKOCTTa aa

KOHYCHOT Co<PUJt. --APXMJlOIRH, 1961, KH; I, c: 23. CT'bKJlOTO W,B'b3MQiK'KOCT1'1I MeTa.1IHHre1l3,lleJIHH-~a ce

: 811.IU e p e"B a." MaTepHaJlUaTa KYJlTypa B aanaasar 3HaqHTeJlHO Ilo-.zl06pe iI B' no-rcnaao "!j:OJIH-

OI)JIaCTTa aa Fopna ,CTPYM3 - VIII-,-XJI B. (Kepa- q~CTBQ, cq}iTaMe, ~e T03HaKT He 6HV~-,J!.a ce .npe-

'MH,K3, B'bop'biKelIHe, HaKHTH).ABTope<l>epaT.C., 1979;c.6. He6perBIi. •

,'M. Sta'rrceva, L. Donceva·Pet- 16 P. M.JJ.lKaHnOJla~HH; UHf. CM.,

k 0 v_a. Sur l a surface hatitee de Sredec aux IXo- 205-208; O. C. X 0 BaH C K 1i H. FOHqapHoe:,lleJlO

,:XIVe s-Culture et art en Bulgarie medievale (~IIIe- ropo~a:"BOJIrapa.- Ml1A, Ng 42,1954, c. -344.

X IVe. _5,). S.,. 1979. p •. I II, fig. 4. 17' CBQAKa na XHnOTe3HTe 3a,rrlle~Ha3HaqeHHeTO

- .. 10 P;M . .A lK a H nO'JI a ~ -H H. CepoKOHH'le· aa c<l>epo'KOHYCHTe naaa A. B. A p II. U x 0 BC K H iI.

,'CitJte COCYAhi H3 .lbu*8 HAHH.·...cCA, 1958, KH. I, BBe.lteHHel'l apXeOJlOrHIO. M;, 1947; 160__:161; H: IT.

e.20it :;H ij,GIli xe B . .K,Bonpocy 0 6YJIrapCKHx-C<PePOKOHHqecKHx

i22

cocyaax. - KCllllMK, 1947, sun. XIV, 71-72; P. M. n )K a H n 0.11 a n R H. Ilar, C1>'I., 201-202, 208-209 H UHT. TaM .1IHT. TIoC.1Ie.IlHHTe .IlBaMa asropa paaraeactar paaJlH'IHHTe MHeHHR H npHBe)K.IlaT .IlOKa- 38're.1lCTB8 38 npHeMJlHBHTe. E.IlHa 01' Te3HTe e, 'Ie C<pePOKOHYCHTe ca HanO.1l3YBaHH KaTO rpaaara, B TCKCTa He ce cnapaxe H8 HeR; aaIUOTO HRMa HHKaKBH noaarxa aa TaKOBa npHJIO)KeHHe aa TeaH C'b.IlOBe B

TI.1IHCKa. -

is 3. B. P T B e Jl a ,n 3 e. C<l>epoKOHH'IeCKHe coCY.Ilhl H3 Ma.Illkap. - CA .. 1974, KH. 4, c. 280; C. E. M H X a JI b 'I e H K O. ll.HT. C'b'l., c. 46 H UHT. TaM JIHT. 19 B. A. r 0 p 0 .lI. II, 0 B. npeBHHe MlOCIOJlbMaHCKHe CBeTHJlbHHKH B BH.Ile c<l>epoKOHH'IeCKHX rJlHHRHblX COCY.IlOB. Tpy.i!'hI fllM, 1926, Bhln. I, c. 151.

20 P. M.· n)K a H n 0 JI a n S! H. !LHT. C'b'l.,

c. 210. ApMeHcKHS!T aexap AMHp nOBJIaT B Me.IlHuHHCKH TpaKTaT nasa ),!O pa3JIH'IHH naHMeHOB8HHS! na )KHBaKa, a Ha3BaHHeTO aa aMaJIraMaTa na )KHBaKa oaaasasa H cpenctao sa .1IeKYBaHe na paaa , KaKTO H JIeKapCTBo - Mac, B KoeTO BJIH3a H )KHBaK; H. 51. Map p. AHH. M.-lI., 1934, c. 96. TIpH paaxonxare na apxeaCKaTa CTOJIHua AHH e OTKPHTO rOJIJlMO KOJIH'IeCTBO C<pePOKOHYCH, KOHTO ca BJIH3aJlH B HHBeHTapa ua 60JlHHua, '1HHTO OCTaHKH ca pa3KpHTH H ca CJIY)KE'JIH aa C'bXpaHHBaHe aa )KHBaK aa Me.IlHUlIHCKH nena.

21 C. E. M H X a JI b 'I e I! K 0.. ll.HT. csx., c. 49. 22 TIaK TaM, 49-50.

23 TIaK TaM, C. 50; A. f. B eXT H H, A. C. r 0 JI H K 0 B. Kypc MeCTOpO)K.IleHHH nOJIe3HhlX HCKOnaeaux, M., 1964, c. 180.

24 A. B. K 0 p 0 JI e B, T. A. X.1I e 6 H H K 0-

COnes spheriques de Pliska

TONKA M I HA J L 0 V A

(R.esume)

Au cours des fouilIes archeologiques dans l e centre de la cour de Pliska en 1980, pour la premiere fois en Bulgarie, Iurent decouverts un grand nombre de fragments de cones spherl ques en argile dont furent restaures 26 vases et 3-entierement conserves.

Le trait commun dans leur forme c'est la partie superieure spherl que et le fond coni que. En haut jls"se terminent par un goulot etroit, cylindrique et

~)\at¥\lne petHe tete comme un hemisphere legerement aplati. L 'argile, dont sent affiles les cones spheriques au touide potter it peda)e, est noire it nuance bleu gris ou brun Ionce (indicede cuisson it une temperature elevee). La surface interieure de certains d'entre eux est arrosee d'engobe, tandis que l a surface exterteure i-- avec de revstement, peut etre du vernis, ou bien avec une couche noire par suite de ;1 'Interruption d 'oxygene dans Ie four' pendant l a cuisson. lis sont repartls en 3 groupes par grandeur eten 4 types avec des varlantes selon les differences dans la forme.

Sur le terrain etudie au cours de 1980, les fragments de cenes spherlques Iurent decouverte a pro-

B a. 0 '1epHOH MeTaJlJIyprHH y BOJI)KCKHX 60JIrap. M., 1968, c. 166.

26 B 6JIH3KHTe .IlO TIJIHCKa rpancxa nearpose 01' C'bIUOTO speae - KpaR ua X - Ha'laJlOTO aa XI B., C<pePOKOHYCH He ca OTKpHTH nocera. TIPH 06pa60Tsauero na orpOMHO KO.1lH'IeCTBO KepaMH'!HH <pparMeHTH npes nOCJle.IlHHTe HS!KOJIKO rO.IlHHH B TIpeCJIaB HHe nonanaaxae caxo na ana MaJIKH, 6e3J1H'IHH <pparMeHTa OT C<pePOKORYCH. OT CBe/leHHS! na apXeOJl03H, pa60THJIH TyK, ce pa36Hpa, 'Ie TaKHBa OT Ts!X He ca OTKpHTH.

26 A. A. X a a H K 0 B. CTO.1lHuaTa na BO.'llKKa B'bJirapHR 01' .IlOMOHrOJICKO spexte. - Apxeoaoraa, 1973, KH. I, c. 25, CH. 4; C'bIUHS!T. Yca.Ilb6a peMeCJIeHaaxos-ueranayproa. - B: HCCJIe)lOBaHHlI BeJIHKoro ropoaa. M., 1976, c. 64, pHC. 25.

27 TIo CBe,neHHS! aa apXeOJI03HTe T. BaJIa6aHOB H CT. BHrJIS!HOB B'b3 OCHOBa na uanpaseuare 01' THX XHMH'IeCKH aHa.1lH3H aa )KeJIe3HH npeavera 01' nJIHCKa.

28 E)lHO cpasneaae na OTKpHTHTe cT'bKJleHH r pa aHH B TIJIHCKa H TIpeCJIaB nOKa3Ba C'bIUeCTBeHH pa3JIH'1HS! no UBeTa aa H3UOJI3YBaHOTO CT'bKJlO, KaKTO H HaJIH'IHeTO na pHCYBaH opnavenr, KOHTO He MOral' )la ce 06S!CHHT cauo C pa3J1H'IHHTe XpOHO.1l0rH'IeCKH rpaHHUH aa asara near-spa. T03H B'bIlPOC npencroa ,na 6'b)le pa3rJIe)laH B OT)leJiHa pa60Ta.

29 Cnopea 3. B.,P r Be JI a )l 3 e (U.HT. CM.,

c. 282) )KHBaK'bT ce H3ITOJI3ysa H aa noana tsuane:

H. C. I' p a )K J1 a H K H H a, 3. B. P r B e JI a,n 3 e. B.1IHRHHe Xopesua na KepaMH'IeCKOe npOH3- BO)lCTBO 30JI0TOOP.IlblHCKoro ropona Ma)l)Kap. - CA, 1971, KH. 4, 127-139 (sa CJle)lH OT JI03J1aTa B'bpXy HS!KOH BH,nOBe apxHTeKTYPHa xepaaaxa).

xlmlte d 'eq uipernents de production, dates d 'apres des rnonnaies et d 'autres trouvailles de 1a fin du xe - premiere moi tie du Xle s. Ceci determine egalement Ies limites chronologiques de 1 'importation et de 1 'empl oi de leur contenu a Pliska, Ie plus vraisernblablernent en rapport avec une production metall urgi que q uelconque (peut~etre l ors de 1a production et du traiternent du cUivre?)ou un art predeux (pour I 'obtention de 'couleurss]:

Au cours de I 'etude du developpement historique de 1a forme des cones spheri ques et des hypotheses de leur destination, nous no us arretons avant tout sur 1es donnees de la Bulgarte de la Volga it cause de la concordance dans 1es drconstances de la decouverte des fragmemts et leur forme. La supposition d'importation de ces vases specifiques ensemble avec leur contenu (le plus vraisemblablement du mer cure ou ses composes) est Iondee sur Ie fait qu'on ne connatt pas de cerarni que rnenagere bulgare d'une telle argile et de cette forme, ainsi que sur 1 'isolation du gisement en Bulgarie et dans Pliska merne.

23

MamepuaJlU U C7J06~eHUfl

TPH nanrpoonn OT ,lI.OJIHHaTa Ha

naMeTHHKa Cpenna CTpYMa

IOJI115I

B 0 )I\ 11 HOB A, B A JI E P 11

PYC11HOB

Ilpes 1977 r. B M. "CEeTH Tonop", c. Ilnnepaua, EJIarOeBrpa,UcKH oxpt.r-, npn MaWHHHa oripaoorxa na 3eMHTa na ,U'bJI6olJHHa 0,70 M ca OTKpHTH TpH Ha,Urpo6HH rrJIOlJH aT pHMCKaTa erroxa. DJIOlJHTe ca ,Uo6pe 3arra- 3eHH H C Ha,UrrHCH na CTapOrp'bUKH e3HK. C'bXpaHHBaT ce B OKp'bJKeH HCTOpHlJeCKH My- 3eii - Bnaroesrpan.

1. MpaMopHa nanrporiaa n.noua C npaso'Lr'bJIHa <popMa, aaxpr.r.nena B ropuara CH lJaCT C'bC CTpaHHlJHH aKpOTepHH (HHB . .N2 94, o6p. 1). Pa3MepH: 0,95xO,55xO,08 M. Ilpo<pHJIHpaHa paMKa pa3,UeJIH peJIe<pHoTo rrOJIe Ha ,UBe HepaBHH lJaCTH. B ropHOTO rrOJIe e rrpe,UCTaBeHa cuena C "rrorpe6aJIHO yromenae". DOJIYJIerHaJI M'bJK e 06'bpHaT <ppoHTaJIHO K'bM nOCTaseaara npen Hero rpnxpaxa MaCHlJKa C rrJIO,UOBe. BJIHBO or Hero, cennana na BHCOK CTOJI, e npencrasena c snpyrara MY, B,UHrHaJIa B cKp'b6eH JKeCT pt.xa. 06JIelJeHa e B'bB BHCOKO nperiacan 6e3p'bKaBeH XHTOH. E,UpH, cxexraTHlJHH JIHHHH OlJepTaBaT r'bHKHTe Ha ,UpexaTa. Tnaaara e 3a6YJIeHa C HaMeTaJIO, lJHHTO xpauuta nOKpHBaT p suere. B,UHCHO or M'bJKa e 3aCTaHaJIa asnpauena ,Upyra JKeHCKa <pl1rypa, o6JIelJeHa B XHTOH H XHMaTHOH.

B ,UOJIHOTO nOJIe, KoeTO e rrO-MaJIKO, HMa nerpenos Ha,UrrHC, orpanen or ,UBe lJOBellJKH <PHrypH. OTJIHBO e npencrasena oot.paara nanpen JKeHa, KOHTO ,U'bPJKH rOJIHM C'b,U B pt.ne , a OT,UHCHO <pHrypa aa M'bJK, nonyorn.pnar nanpen, rnaaa B npodnor HaJIHBO. C B,UHrHarara aarope )(HCHa p sxa ,U'bPJKH porOBH,UHa -raura", a C JIHBaTa - K'bC MelJ, npenacaa npes xp-scra.

Kocara na <pHrypHTe e npezianena KaTO oriuia Maca. Osnre ca C OlJepTaHH x.nenavn. JIHuaTa ca y,U'bJIJKeHH, np scrare na pt.uere ca HeC'bpa3MepHo ,U'bJIrH.

Ha,UrrHC'bT e C pasvepn na 6yKBHTe 0,25 M.

I'nacn:

K",wna:tpu Iluppoo EU(U}tiJ xui IIuppcp Tovou vsco,spcp ,0 uvopi EUU,fj~ scocm £noist ~ls,a 'A",s~avopou

5 xui Iloppou ,cov uicov.

24

B nnrarypa: I-n}; 2. vs-; 3-n}-; 4. us-. Ilpeson: Kneonarpa, m.mepa aa DHP, nanpasa npHJKHBe aa ce6e CH H sa MJIa,UHH CH ct-npyr DHP, CHH na TOHoc, 3ae,UHO C'bC CHHOsere AJIeKcaH,U'bp H DHp.

• 06p. 1. Haoepotina n ioua c naonuc Ita ep susu. e3UK om Pt. "Ceemu Toiiop" «pa d c. Ilunepuua, SJlacoeeepaiictcu OKpU. Fig. 1. Dulle sepulcrale avec inscription en langue grecque du lieu-dit .Sueti Todor" pres du village de Piperica, departement de Blagoeograd

1

2

3

4 Apxeonorus, I, 1987

• Oop. 2. HaoepooHa nAO'la c sabnuc «a ep'O!{KU e3U'K om M. "Ceemu Toiiop" KpaCi c. Ilunepuua, BAaeoeeepailctcu OKP,£? Fig. 2. Dallesipulcrale avec inscription en langue grecque du lieudit .Soei! Todor" pres du village de Piperica, departement de Blagoeograd • 06p. 3. Haoepd6,Ha n nosa c naiinuc na ep-susu. eSUK om M. "Ceemu Toiiop" KpaCi c. Ilunepuua, BAaeoeeepaiicsii OKp'Oe. Fig. 3. Dalle sepulcrale avec inscription en langue grecque du lieu-dit .Soeti Todor" pres du village de Piperica, departement de Blagoevgrad

B'snpexn HMeHaTa Kneonarpa, I1HP H AJIeKcanzrsp, n.non na BJIH5IHH5I OT eJIHHHCTHqeCKaTa enoxa, CTaBa ,lI.YMa aa TpaKHH:CKO CeMeH:CTBO, KoeTO JIHqH OT oaumnoro HMe na ct.npyra - T6vo~2. I1pH CpaBH5IBaHeTO aa nnosara C npyrn naMeTHHJJ,H OT ceJIO I1HnepHJJ,a3, a H OT zipyrn cenmna B paiioaa - Fopna Cyuraua", Jlanapeso", Cpe,ll.HOCTpYMCK06 H np. ce BH)!{,lI.a rOJI5IMOTO CXO,ll.CTBO npH H3nbJIHeHHe Ha nopTpeTHTe. BCHqKH re npaaaanezsar na rrspnara nOJIOBHHa na II B. OT H. e. KbM TOBa npexe, OKOJIO 140 r., Tp5l6Ba ,lI.a OTHeceM H naurara IlJIOqa.

2. I1paBObrbJIHa MpaMopHa nnoua C TpHbrbJIeH ¢POHTOH, oxepran C penerpna paxrxa H paCTHTeJIHH opHaMeHTH. Pa3MepH: 0,80 X 0,50xO,09 M (HHB. oN!! 95, o6p. 2).

B JJ,eHTpaJIHOTO nOJIe ca npencrasena ¢Hrypure na )!{eHa H MOMqe B JJ,5IJI PbCT, o6JIeqeHH B XHTOH H XHMaTHOH. C JI5IBaTa CH pt.xa MOMqeTO ,lI.bP)!{H nTHJJ,a. Ha ,lI.51CHOTO My yxo e oxaseaa 06HJJ,a BbB BH,lI. na umpoxa XaJIKa. /.KeHaTa e cpecaHa Ha nbT B Cpe,ll.aTa C KOCH, orrsaarn OKOJIO JIHJJ,eTO. MOMqeTO HMa npnsecxa OT nJIaMbKOo6pa3HH KHqypH, pasrpaaa~eHH B n05lCH. Knenaxare ca lllHypOBH,lI.HO ci)qepTaHH" a oxaare 5I6bJIKH',- r.nanxn . .upexara e npencrasena OT nO-pa3,l1.BH)!{eHH rbHKH B JIHHeapeH CTHJI. BbPXY ,lI.OJIHaTa npO¢HJIHpana pavxa na naosara e pa3nOJIO)!{eH B TpH pe,ll.a Ha,ll.nHC Ha rpbJJ,KH e3HK C BHCOqHHa Ha 6YKBHTe 0.25 M, xofrro rJIaCH:

ZExUlo8v911 ITUPOUAU EUU-

-rij xui Tovo; -rep u{ep crUu-rou snoiEt.

Ilpeson: 3eKaH:,lI.eHTe I1lOPY JIa aanpana aa ce6e CH H aa CHHa CH TOHoc.

C06CTBeHOTO ,HMe na MaH:KaTa ZExutoev911 e TpaKHH:CKO ,lI.BYCbCTaBHO JIHqHO HMe. AJIorpaxr e na Mb)!{KOTO HMe ZUtxEoev911~7. Karo )!{eHCKO HMe ce cpema aa rrspna rrsr. I1MeTo na MOMqeTO e TpaKHH:CKo8• Cpema ce H npu ,lI.pym naMeTHHJJ,H OT paaona, ,lI.aTHpaHH KbM cpenara HJIH rperara sernspr aa II B. OT H. e." KbM cpenara na II B. OT H. e. MO)!{eM ,lI.a OTHeceM H Ta3H nnoxa.

3. I1paBObrDJIHa MpaMop,Ha nnoua, oxeprana C npO¢HJIHpaHa paxxa. Pa3MepH: 1,12 X 0,64 X 0,07 M (HHB. oN!! 93, o6p. 3). Pa3- nenena e sa ,lI.Be nOJIeTa. B ropnoro nOJIe, orpopveno KaTO nnura, e npencrasen KOHHHK na KOH B xon Ha,ll.51CHO. 06JIeqeH e B Kbca TYHHKa, na pasrenere-c-paasara XJIaMH,lI.a. Kpaxara ca 06YTH BbB BHCOKH 06YBKH • .uo npenHHTe xpaxa na KOH5I e KJIeKHaJIO Kyqe 3a

25

cxoxcpeiny rmfraH. npe.nT.stX HMa' .n'bpl3O c ,YBHT3 .3MH5IOKOJIO Hero. 3a.n KOH5I nnovara :e" -OtIYneH3,.Ho,ce BH~.naT tIaCT or xpaxara aa tIOBeIIIKaqmrypa, Bep05lTHO aa npac nyra. ct>t{.rypara aa KOH5I H KOHCKOTO CHap5I)KeHHe ca . .neTaHJIHO. "npe,lI.a)I.eHH.

: B .nOJIHOTO nOJIe ca H306pa3eHH tIeTHpH $ltypH B IUIJI pscr - na ,lI.Be )KeHH H ,lI.BaMa M'b)Ke Me)K)I.y T5IX, sepOHTHO tIJIeHOBeTe aa <!laMHJIHHTa; ynoxeaaru B aannaca. .llBaMaTa M'b)Ke ca C K'bCH 6pa.nH. KOCHTe ca BtIeCaHH Hanpe.n H ca pa3tIJIeHeHH Ha MaJIKH CHOntIeTa OT KHtIypH, KOHTO ca B nsa pena e.nHH Ha.n npyr. OtIHTe ca noope oseprana, C MapKHpaHe na 3eHHlIJITe. B'b3paCTHaTa )KeHa HMa npune'CKa OT B'bJIHOo6pa3HH KOCH, cpecana na rnrr, C HaBHTa aa seaeu orrope nJIHTKa. JIHuaTa ca rpy6yi, MeceCTH, rJIaBHre--:- Ky~HtIHH, a 06- JIeKJroroe .npe)I.CTaBel;io.qp·€3 napaJI£'JIHH JIHHHH. HaqHH'bT Hanpe.n,.s1::~B5IHe H8 .. xocara H )I.peXHTe cpetuaxe H npa €)I.HB npyra nnosa OT C'bmOTO M5ICT010. B'b3 OCHOBa na CTHJIOBHTe OeJIe3H IlJIOtIaTa MO)Kelia. ceo ila·riipa K'bM Kpa51

na lIB. OT H. e. .

Bspxy IIIlIpoKaTa .nOJIHa pauxa liMa Ha)I.nlIC B tIeTlipli pena na rp'bUKIi e3HK.

Ilt.psare TpH pena ca C BHCOtIHHa na OYK-

1 K. III K 0 P n H JI. AHTHlJHH naMeTHHIlH B'bB

B8pHeHCKHSl MY3eif.-I1AI1, 1939, c. 135, n. 16, oop. 140.

2 CpB. D. De t s C hew. Die Thrakischen

Sprachresten. Vien, II, ed. 1976, p. 512.

3 .n. TI . .n H M H T P 0 B. Hoprperar B'hPXY auTHlJHHTe H8.llrp06HH nJIOlJH OT PHMCKO spexe B CeaepoH3TOlJH8'M8KeJl.OHHSl. - HBAH, 13, 1939, c. 12, N2 5, oop, 6.

4 B. rep 0 B. TIpOYlJBaHHlI B'bpXY sanaaaorpaKHHCKHTe 3eMH npes PHMCKO BpeMe.- rCY ¢l¢l, 54, 3, 1960, c. 344, N2 33, c. 275, N2 2331; n. TI. n H M H T P 0 B. IJ;HT. CM., 8, N2 I, 06p. 2.

li.lI;.TI.)J, H M H T po B. IJ;HT. CM., c. 13, N2 7, 06p. 8.

6 G. M i h a i I 0 v, fG Bulg., IV, No 2331. 7 D. 0 e t s c hew: Op, ci t., p. 172.

BHTe 0,025 M, a nOCJIe.nHHHT - 0,015 M. HannHC'bT r JIaCH:

Atov60l0~ ~6vxoo ~a~axoutU

yovatx! xa! IIopouJ..~' tcp 6cp xa! ~xapx&t;at tij 90yatpt' xa! saotcp t;<'{l(v)

4 ~vi1~TJ~ Xaptv.

B JIliraTypa: 4. -VTJ-.

Flpeaon: ,UHOHHCHH, CHH na COHKOC, aa )KeHa CH MaMaKYTe II CHHa CH Ihopyna, II .n'bmepH CH Cxap xesa H aa ce6e CII, B naaer.

OtreBH)I.HO nJIOtIaTa e OT rpoo na TpaKHHCKO cexeacrso. Baiuaaoro HMe aa rnasara aa CeM€HCTBOTO AlovucrtO~, TyK B gen.~6vxdo, MO)Ke)I.a ce CB'bp)Ke C e,lI.HH enarer aa Xepa - ~ovXTJtTJvitll, 0e3 ,lI.pyr napanen B rpaxnacxara aHTponoHHMHH. HMeTo na C'bnpyrara My H3rJIe)K.na .nBYC'bCTaBHo12.

HMeTO aa CHHa llopouA.a e MHorOKpaTHO aaCBH.neTeJICTBYBaHo13. HMero na m.mepsra ~xapx&t;at e anorpav na )KeHCKo JIHI{HO HMe Ixapxa{t;8~, H3BeCTHO OT e.nHH nannac, npoH3XO)K.naw. OT neTpHq14.

npe)I.CTaBeHHTe B aannnca HMeHa ca .xapaxrepaa TpaKHHCKH C H3KJIIOtIeHHe na c06- CTBeHOTO HMe aa 6aw.aTa Al0VUcrt~, cpemaao HaBCHK'b,lI.€, K'b.neTo MeCTHOTOHaCeJIeHHe nOJI3YBa KaTO o<!lHUHaJIeH rp'hUKH5I e3HK.

8 B}K.' 6eJl. 2. CpB. csmo G. M i h a i I 0 v .

IG Bulg., IV, No 2337.

9 Harrpauep TaKHBa CanJIOqHTe OT c. Jlacxapeno: n. TI. Il; H M H T P 0 B. UHT. CM., N9 10 H 16, 06p. 13, c. 14, e6p. 9; OT Cpe.llHCCTPYMCKO:) G. M i-

h 8 i I 0 v. IG Bulg., IV, 1966, No 2332.

10 G. M i h a i I 0 v, IG Bulg., IV, 1966, p. 272, No 2314.

11 D. De t s C hew, Op. cit., p. 466.

12 Il'spsara C'bCTaBKa MuJ.lU- ce cperua B MHoro H8.llnHCH OT crpanara: CpB. I G Bulg., I: J.lUJ.lU- 205, 166. 191; J.lUIJ.Il<;- 173; sa -xourn CpB. Kot\l<; KaTO }KeHCKO JIH'IHO HMe, IG Bulg., III, I, No 1337; )(OU9&10<; No 971; T08a C'b'leTaHHe B .llBYC'bCT8BHO HMe ce cpeuta aa np'b8 nsr.

13 CP8, G. M i h a i I 0 v . IG Bulg., IV, No 2330. 14 TIaK TaM.

Trois monuments tumulaires de la vallee de la Struma moyenne

jU'LIA BOZINOVA, VALERI RUSINOV

(R e sum e)

Au cours de 1977 pres du village de Piperica , depar terne nt de Blagoevgrad, furent decouvertes trois steles sepulcralcs de lepoq ue romaine avec des inscri p ti ons bien conser vees en langue grec que. Elles proposent de nouvelles donnees pour Ie fond

onornasti que de la langue thrace. Les noms propres thraces attestes dans ces inscriptions sont:

Tones, Soncos, Pyrula , Zecaidente , Skarkeze et Mamakute. Les steles sepulcrales peuvent etre datees vers le lIe s. de n. ere.

_CbKpOBHLUe OT BH3aHTHHCKH nepnepn OT C. naHp.YWKO, TbprOB1Hl(KH oxpt.r

11BAH

BOP.u A HOB, r E 0 P r 11

f11HEB

Flpea .ecenra na 1982 r. B cpaKTa, se TeXmlTe Ha)l,nl1CI1 ca OnaCTI1 sana-

OI1M- TbprOBI1Il1,e, nccrsrm CbKpOBI1Il1,e OT BI1- 3eHI1, HenpaBI1JIHO 113nl1CaHI1 I1JII1 YHI1Il1,OJKeHI1.

3aHTI1HCKI13JIaTHI1 MOHeTI1- nepnepn, HaMepeHI1 B HYMI13MaTrrQHaTa . mrrepar-ypa H51Ma e)l,l1HHO

B 3eMJII1Il1,eTO na c. OaH)I,yulK01. Ilpoyusauero MHeHl1e sa n.P0I13XO)l,a 11M. Bce cute JIl1rrCBa 11

My eripnnoc KaKTO B 11351CH51BaHe rrp06JIeMI1Te TOqeH xpnrepua sa pasrpanuuaaanero 11M B

na 1'0311 )l,51JI 01' BI13aHTHHCKaTa HYMI13M~lTI1Ka, €MI1CI1I1. Te3H 06CT051TeJICTBa H HE:06XO)l,HMOCTTa

raxa 11 B pasxpnaane M'HHaJIOTO aa Ta311 sacr _ MOHeTI1Te )l,a 6b)l,aT npaBI1JIHO I1HTeprrpeTI1- 01' crpauara HI1. . . paHI1 113HCK,BaT npenn BCl1qKO na HM nanpasaa

CbKpOBI1Il1,eTO cb)l,bpJKa 51 MOHeTH or e)l,I1H . no-nonpoono onncaane.

H csm Tl1rr. Ha JIl1ueBaTa 11M crpana e npen- Cnopen Cb)l,bpJKaHl1eTO na aanrmca nep-

craaeaaBoroponaua Opanra C HHM6, MaHTI151 H nepnre ce paanpenensr B nee OCHOBHI1 H enna

MacpopHH. T51 e 3aCTaHaJIa rrpaBa BbPXY CTe- MeJK)I,l1HHa rpyrrl1.

HI1Te na KOHCTaHTI1HOrrOJI C B)I,l1rHaTI1 p sue, Ilt.psara OCHOBHa rpyna BKJIlOqBa 25 MOnpasosaaama 60JKI151Ta 3aKpl1JIa nan noxpo- ,HeTI1, OTCeqeHI1 C pa3JII1QHI1 )l,BOHKI1 MaTpI1UI1. ill1TeJICTBYBaHI151 OT He51 rpaa. Ha 06paTHaTa Hait-xapaxrepnoro aa Ta3H rpyrra e, qe nan-

crpana e 11306pa3eH Hcyc X PI1CTOC npan, aa- nacr.r, BC·TpaHI1 01' BJIa)l,eTeJII1Te, e 113rrl1CaH BbB

cpeuia , CTbrrl1JI BbPXY cyneH)I,I1YM. TOH e C BepTI1KaJIim penose. BJIa)l,eTeJI5IT, aaexatu )l,5IC-

6pa)l,a, HI1M6 11 MaHTI151. B HI1M6a My e srmcan HOTO noxerao M5ICTO B 11306paJKeHl1eTO,e C

KpbCT. C B)I,HrHaTI1Te CI1 p sue XPI1CTOC KOpO- pa3)1,BOeHa opana , a T03H OTJI5!BO e npencra-

H5ICBa )J.BaMa KOJIeHI1QI1JIH BJIa,z::.eTeJII1. Teca BeH rOJI06pa)l, I1JII1 CbC 3a06JIeHa 6pa)l,a. Hazi-

C HI1CKI1 KOPOHI1 (cTeMI1). 06JIeQeHI1 ca B )l,I1BI1- rrl1CI1Te He ca )l,06pe sanaseuu. OPI1 T5IX JII1TI-

TI1CHOHI1, yxpacenn c. nopocn. Pt.uere 11M ca CBaT OT)I,eJIHH 6YKBI1, KOHTO ca HeOTrreQaTaHH

CJIOJKeHI1 ripen r-spnure. ouie npn OTCHQaHeTO I1JIH TIbK nO-KbCHO ca

TpY)l,HOCTTa B onpene.naaero, )l,aTHpaHeTO 611JII1 H3TpI1TH. Ilpn H5IKOI1 eK3eMrrJI5IpH JIHTI-

11 KJIaCHcpHKaUH5ITa na Te311 nepnepn I1)1,Ba OT CBaT ueJI,11 penose. 01' )l,orrbJIBaHeTO na nan-

• 06p. 1 a-H). EYKeeHU sna uu (CU?AU) om n uue- rrHCHTe, ,rpaBl1paHH B'hPXy pa3JIHQHI1 eK3eM-

oama cmpana Ha uonemume. Fig. 1 a-H). Signes de TIJI51PI1, ryOJIYQaBaMe CJIe)l,HH5I rrbJIeH TeKCT:

letire (sigles) de l'avers des tnonn aies

..
.-<.,._ l1ULt- lJ{n__l_
.. •
* * * * e n • e ct-
• •
I( N K N Ie N K If I:a' * r IE *
a. 6 8 2 -~ C ;J/C
·c , E , 8 8 8- ·8 , I> M X x P
M
3 II tl I{ .1 M It
III I tAo S •
I Ie r ttt r FYi fif *
,*,
0 II P c m y tjJ
~
M • K • k 1\ K H A is K A
r .r: lit K· ., J(
X 'I II lit Uj /0 11 1

27

- . x
"
y ~ t ~ y t .t:lL
<.
a 6 6 Z a e JIC
-
~ ~ J
~ >(
, ~
y
3 u II /( oM It
I>< ~Q
t - -, ~
~. <: 'f.. 0
\. 0 < e,
q_ ~
~ ~ ~
~ >
0 n P A C m 2

• 06p. 2 a_:m):PpGt/1umu u uaimucu. no uonemume ... BJIa,UeTeJIlITe H XPHCTOC e H3p5l3aHa. Bspxy Fig. 2 a-m). GraffitiJf4tlf.S(giptions sur les monnaies r-spnare aa XPHCTOC - rpadnrr (06p. 2 8).

• . '\. P83MepH: 0,0180-0,0190 M, 3,30 r.

01' JI5IBaTa '(9'F'paHa aa BJIa.ueTeJIHn~ 4. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .upyr nenar.

A ,~". ! U5lJIaTa nOBbpxHOCT na H306pa2KeHHeTO e paB-

N ~~ X HOMepHo I1·3TpHT8.

!l M On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .upyr nexar.

PO !lEC ( 5I,UpOTO na MOHeTaTa e nporryxauo. Pa3MepII:

NI H 01' .u5!CHaTa· no 0,022-0,022 M, 3,37 r.

KO TH 5. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT ,Upyr rtenar.

C C ',: cI>HrypaTa aa Boroponnua e HanbJIHO H3TpHTa,

TIo OTHOTlleHHe aa rp1t,J?,HpaHHTe OT nsere OCTaHaJIaTa lJaCT OT H306pa2KeHHeTO e sana-

CTpaHH na Boroponnua 3HaUH (cHrJIH) m.pnara sena.

rpyna ce pasnpenena na 7 nonrpyrm: On. KaKTb no-rope, HO OT npyr nexar. 113-

a) C'bC 3Ha4u, nOCOtteHU 8 o6p. 1 a. TpHTa e HaM-BelJe ueurpannara lJaCT OT H30-

1. Jl. 11306pa2KeHHe na Boroponnua, KaKTO Opa2KeHHeTo.' Han ¢HrypaTa na XPHCTOC-

no-rope. Jlnuero II e H3TpHTO. BbPXY Hero - rpadnrr (06p. 2 2).

rpadnrr (06p. 2 a); 6. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr nenar.

On. cI>Hrypa aa XPHCTOC H ,UBaMaTa BJIa- BJI5IBO OT Boroponnua, Ha,U H3TPHTOTO nOJIe -

.ueTeJJH, KaKTO no-rope. BJJa,UeTeJJ5!T OT,U5ICHO rparpar (06p. 2 8). - .

e roJJ06pa,U (06p. 3 a). cI>HrypaTa H3 XPHCTOC . On. KaKTo no-rope, BO OT npyr nexar.

e H3Tpl1Ta. Pa3MeIJl1: 0,0195-0,0200 M, 2,75 r. 113TPl1TO e caxo H306pa2KeHl1eTO na XPl1CTOC.

2. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr MOHeTeH BbPXY Hero - rparpnr (06p. 2 e). MOHeTaTa

nexar, Koiho e B ,UOJJHaTa nOJJOBHHa na 5!,U- e op asana, KaTO ca saceruara H H306pa2Ke-

pOTO. LIaCTl1 OT 11306pa2Ke~u:!5!Ta l1 3HaUl1Te He HHHTa. Pa3MepH: 0,018-0,020 M, 2,71 r.

ca l13JJe3JJH. '. .. .- 7. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr rrexar.

On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr MOHeTeH .. ' On. KaKTo no-rope, HO orinpyr nesar.

ne-rar. cI>HrypaTa na XPl1CTOC He e U5lJJa. T5I . Jlopocnre BbPXY r-spmrre na BJJa.ueTeJJHTe l1MaT 113rJJe2K,Ua C!<_Rl1Ta 3a..n;'} KOCO pa3nOJJ02KeHHTe' .yxpaca BbB ¢opMaTa na KPbCT OT TOlJKl1.

e,UHa KbM ,Upyri ¢HrYP'H' na BJJa,UeTeJIHTe. JlH- Jl06pe sanasen eK3eMnJI5Ip C lJepBeHl1KaB OT-

nero na BJJa,UeTeJJ5I OT.u5lCHO e pascexeno TaKa, TeHbK na MeTaJJa. Pa3MepH: 0,0210-0,0215 M,

lJe He ce paanasaaa nann 'POM e rOJJ06pa.u, l1JJH 3,34 r.

nbK e CbC 3a06JJeua opana. .IlonbJJHHTeJJHO 8. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr nexar.

Op5l3BaHe na 51.upOTO, KlliKl'O H PPH rOpHl!51 On. KaKTO no-rope, HO OT ,Upyr rtexa'r.

eK3eMnJJ5Ip (06p. 3 6). BaaMepH: 0,0190- 113Tpl!Tl1 ca HaH-BelJe l!306pa2KeHl!51Ta na Boro-

0,0190 M, 2,74 r. I ponnua 11 Xpl1CTOC. MOHeTaTa e opasana,

3. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT, .upyr MOHeTeH KaTO na MeCTa liMa sanaseao nOJJe l!3BbH ne-

nexar. 11306pa2KeHl!eTO na Boroponnna l! 3Ha- lJaTa. Pasxepu: 0,0200\-0,0225 M, 3,34 r.

UHTe OT .uBeTe II crpann ca ncsru HanbJJHO 9. Jl. KaKT.o no-rope, HO or utpyr nenar.

l!3TpHTl!. Ha,U LTJaBaTa H3 Boroponnna - rpa- On. ,~aKT6< no-rope, HQ OT npyr nenar.

¢HT (o6p. 2 6). DJJl!3Kq no CTl!JI H nspariorxa ,~. rop~aTa, HO

On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr MOHeTeH .~~.!10'BelJe 113TpHTa. Pasaepn: q,g21'· .. 0,922 M,

neuar. JlOJJHaTa xac'r OT H306pa2KeHl!HTa.. 2,93, r."~?J[~'

28

, ,.. .~,. ,

::", . :-~' r" ,; t, ;

. ~,",.

»,

3

/

• 06p. 3 a-e). Ilepnepu, ceuenu npu C7J8MecmHqi}1O imoaeneuue na A iiaPOHUK I I u M u xaun I X (12 9~- 1320). Fig. 3 a-e). Perperes frappes lors du gouvernement comtnun d'Andronic I I et Michel I X (1295- 1320)

11. J1. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr nexar. On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT Apyr rrenar.

MOHeTaTa e opasana. 113TPHTH ca HaM-BetIe H306pa2KeHHHTa tra Boroponnna H X pHCTOC. Pa3MepH: 0,0200'---0,0225 M, 3,34 r.

12. J1. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .npyr ne-tar . .uo6pe sanaseao H306pa2KeHHe.

On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr nenar.

BJIa.neTeJIHT OT.nHCHO e CbC 3ao6JIeHa "HHxefrcxa'' 6pa.na. MaTpHll,HTe aa nexara ca 6HJIH pa3xJIa6eHH, nopa.nH KoeTO Ha JIHll,eBaTa

10. J1. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .npyr nenar. On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT ztpyr nenar.

C1>I.lI,HHT CTHJI H uspaoorxa. MeTaJIbT liMa tIepBeHHKaB OTTeHbK. OpH3~Ha e, KaTO na Meha HMa sanaseaa nOJIeTa H3BbH nexara. Pa3MepH: 0,020-0,023 M, 2,945 r.

29·

crpana H306pa}KeHHeTO e MaJIKO Ha.u.OJIY, a aa onaxara - MaJIKO narope. SI.u.POTO e pS3JIaTO. MOHeTaTa e opssaaa H HMa npaBHJIHO OKp'br- . JIeHa 4x>pMa . ,Pa3w.epH: 0,022'-0,023 M, 3,22 r.

13. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT ztpyrneaar. On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .u.pyr nesar. ,[(0 raasara na BJIa.u.eTeJISI OT.u.SlCHO - rpacpHT (06p. 2 3). MoaeTaTa e H3TpHTa. nepkcpepHara e opssaaa .u.o nesara. Pa3MepH: 0,020,..... 0,021 M, 3,03 r.

14. J1. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr nesar. On. KaKTo no-rope, _HO OT npyr nesar. ,[(06pe aanasea eK3eMnJISlp, HO cJIa60 orrrexaraa npa OTCHlIaHeTO. 0pSl3aH e nJI'bTHO .u.o nellaTa, KaTO ca 3acerHaTH H lIaCTH Or H306pa}KeHHSlTa. Pa3MepH: 0,01981-0,0200 i-t, g,44 r.

15. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .u.pyr nesar, OT.u.SlCHO aa Eoropo.u.ilua - rparpar (009.2 Ii).

On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr n.ellar.

BJIa.u.eTeJISIT. OT.u.SlCHO e npencraaea as;e.u.Q? BHCOllHHa C XpHCTOC. Psxara aa nOCJIe.AHHH He e H3JISl3JIa. B.u.SlCHOTO nOJIe - rpatJ?HT (06p. 2 u). MaTpHuHTe aa nexara ca 6HJIH pa3XJIa6eHH. Pa3MepH: 0,0 190L..O,0200 M,2,95r.

6) c~c snauu, nOCOtteHU 8 06p. 1 6.

16. JI. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr nesar. On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .n.pyr nexar.

cI>HrypHTe ca H3.u.'bJI}KeHH. MOHeTaTa e OPSlsaaa, SI)l.POTO e nponyxano H 3RallHTeJIHa' lIaCT OT Hero e oraynena. Pa3MepH: 0,0204-0,020M, 2,90 r.

17. JI. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr -nesar, H3MeCTeH B )l.OJlHaTa lIaCT aa SI)l.POTO.·

On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .u.pyr nexar.

H3TpHTa e nscaara nOJlOBHHa aa MOHeTaTa H raaaara aa XpHCTOC. nOJleTO H3B'bHH306pa}KeHHeTO e H3pSl3aHo (06p. 3 e). Pa3}lepH: 0,022-0,022 M, 3,04 r.

18. JI. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .u.pyr nesar. On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .u.pyr nexar.

SI.u.POTO e nponyxaao, KaTO MaJIKa lIaCT QT Hero e orxyneaa. MOHeTaTa e .u.on'bJIHHTeJIHO. opasaaa. MaTpHUHTe aa nexara ca 6HJIH pasXJIa6eHH. Pa3MepH: . .0,020-0,020 M, 2,90r.

8) c~c snauu, nocouenu 8 06p. 1 8.

19. JI. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .u.pyr nexar. On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .u.pyrneqaT;

Jlopocare B'bpxy f'bp.u.HTe aa BJIa.nereJIH'reHMaT yxpaca B'bB $apMaTa aa KP'bCT OT T()qKH. SI.u.POTO na MOHeTaTa e nponyxano H paanaro; Opasaaa e, HO H3B'bH nesara HMa npaaan nOJIeTa (06p. 3 a). Pa3MepH: 0,024i-O,024 M, 3,24 r.

20. J1. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .u.pyr nexar. 113TpHTa nOB'bpXHOCT, rope, BJISIBO - rpatJ?HT (06p. 2 At).

On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr nexar. .uOJIHaTa .u.SlCHa nOJIOBHHae nO~CHJIHO H3TpHTa . . Bspxy nes - rparpar (06p. 2 A). BJIa.ll.eTeJISIT ornscno e npenerasen ' nO-BHeOKO OT TOSH BJISIBO. Pasxepa: 0,019-0,021 M, 3,14 r.

21. J1. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr nesar.

Fope, B.u.SlCHO OT Boroponaua - rpatpnr

(oop. 2 x).

30

On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .u.pyr nexar. ¥oHeTaTa e C pa3JIaTO H_A06pe OKp'brJIeHO SI)l.PO. Pa3MepH: 0,021'-0,_021 M, 3,21 r.

e) esc snauu, nOCOlteHU 8,o6p. 1 e.'

22. J1. KaKTo no-rope, H(');OT npyrnesar. 113TPHTO e HaM-Belie H306pa)KeHKeTO aa Boropomma,

. On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT ,npyr nesar. H3TpHTH ca rJIaBHTe Ha XPHCTOC H aa ananeTeJISI OTJISIBO. BJIa.u.eTeJIHT OT)l.SlCHO e rOJI06pa.u., C .u.e6eJIH, nonsepraaa YCTHH. JIOpOC'bT aspxy f'bp.u.HTe My e yxpacea OT TOllKH, pa3nOJIO}KeHH B'bB $apMaTa na KP'bCT (06p. 3 e). Pa3MepH:

0,0210-0,0215 M, 3,15 r. .

a) etc snauu, nocouesu 8,06p. 1 a.

.: 23. JI. I\.aKTo no-rope, ad OT .u.pyr nesar, H3MecTeH' B )J.OJIHaTa lIaCTHa MPOTO.Or tj>Hrypara Hia Boroponaua ca H3TPHTH 'IaCTH, HO Half'"'8e%-;J r JIaBaTa.

Qn .• KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .u.pyr nexar, H3Mec-reH MaJIKO BJISIBO (06p. 4 a). H3TpHTa e tJ?HrypaTa aa XPHCTOC H HaH-selle ropaara H lIaCT. Pa3MepH: 0,022-0,023 M, 2,70 r.

e) cec snauu, nocouenu 8 06p. 1 e.

24. J1. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .u.pyr nexar.

Tope, B.u.SlCHO - rpa$HT (06p. 2 :JIC, .u.OJIy).

On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .u.pyr nexar.

Han r JIaBaTa aa BJIa.1leTeJISI BJlSlBO '7T rparpar (06p. 2 :JIG, rope). BJIa.u.eTeJISlT, OT.u.SlCHO e C'bC 3a06JIeHa "HHKeMcKa" 6pa.n.a''i(06p. 4 6). M30- 6pa}KeHHSlTa ca paBHoMepUo' HSTPHTH, J1epHcpepHHTe lIaCTH - nOBeqe. Pa3Mepu:O,021- 0;022 M, 2,85 r.

3iC) c~c 3Hal{U, nOCOlteHU 8, 06p. 1 3IC •

. 25. J1. KaKTo no-rope, .HO oj .u.pyr 'nexar.

B;llSiCHO OT tJ?HrypaTa naBoroponaua - rpa<pHT(06p. 2 0).

On. _KaKTo no-rope,' HO OT .u.pyr nexar. <l>HrypHTe aa BJIa.u.eTeJIHTe ca CK'bCeHH H OTpSl3aHH OT.u.OJIy. Fope, B.u.SlCHO ~ rpaqnrr .(06p. 2 n). Pa3MepH: 0,020LO,021M, 2,66 r lo6p.4 e).

Bropara OCHOBHa rpyna BKJIIOlIBa 19 MOIreTH, orcesena C pa3JIHlIHH' .u.BOMKHr.isrpHIJ.H. HaJJ.nl-'C'bT npH TSIX He e;;'$epTHKaJleH, apasnOJIO>KeH OKOJIO H306palK~IfHSlTa~ MOH.~BTe OT raanirpyna pa3npe.u.eJISJ~,. na ,'17. nOArpynH cnopen sese nOCOlleHHSI 6eJler':_ 3HaIJ.wre . OT

.u.BeTe CTpaHH na Boroponana: .

a) esc 3Hal{-U, nOCOlteHU 8 ,06p. 1 3.

26. J1. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT lI.pyr neuar. On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .u.pyr nexar ,

MOHeTaTa e paaaoxepao H3TpHTa H opsaaaa no H306pa}KeHH~Ta. Pa3MepH: 0,0203-0,0205 M; 2,944 r.

6) esc 3Hal{U, nOCOlteHU 8 06p. 1 u.

27. JI. KaKTo no-rope, DO OT .u.pyr nexar.

H3TpHTa e HaM-Belie .u.SlCHaTa nCJIOBHHa na

H306pa}KeHHeTO. .

On. KaKTO no-tope, DO OT .u.pyr nexar. 113TpHTa e csuto nscaara nOJIOBHHa aa H30- 6pa}KeHHeTO. MOHeTaTa e opssaua CHJIHO, KaTO' e aacernara .u.5icHaTa nOJIOBHHa aa H306pa}KeHHSlTa. SI.u.POTO e HanYKalIO'~ no nepHcpe-

4

• 06p. 4 a-c). Ilepnepu, cesenu npu cseuecnucomo unpaenenue na Anitponu« !/ U MuxauA IX (1295- 1320). a-e). Ilepnepu, ceuenu. no epeue na cauocmonmennomo un paenenue na Aniiponutc I I (1320-1325). Fig. 4 a-c). Perp eres frappes lors du gouvernement commun d' Andronic JJ et Michel I X (1295-1320) Fig. 4 a-e). Per peres, frappes pendant le gouvernement personnel d'Andronic JJ (1320-1325)

pasra. no CTHJI H HKOHorpa<pH5I e MHoro 6JIH3Ka JI.O ropnara. Pa3MepH: 0,022LO,024 M, 3,25 r.

28. J1. KaKTo rro-rope, HO OT ztpyr nenar, On. KaKTo rro-rope, HO OT JI.pyr neaar.

H3TPHTH ca Hafi'BetIe pe.nerpmrre tIaCTH na

H306pa)K(HH5ITa. MaHETaTa e rrOtITH npanobrDJIHa (06p. 48). Pa3MepH: 0,020--0,024 M, 3,26 r.

8) C'OC enauu, nOCO'leHU 8 o6p. 1 n,

29. J1. KaKTo rro-rope, HO OT .upyr nenar.

B cpasuenae C npyrara CTp3Ha JIl1ueBaTa e no-aoope sanasena H C no-xanecrsen nexar.

On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr nenar.

J1opocHTe BbPXY rDpJI.HTe H3 BJIaJI.eTeJHlTe HMaT yxpaca BbB <popMaTa na KPbCT OT TOtIKH. He5ICHO H306pa)KeHHe. Ilpn OTCHtIaHeTO MOHerara KaTO tIe JIH e sanermana sa nenara. 5lJI.-

3'1 ;

pOTO nponyxaao, Pa3MepH: 0,021-0,024 M, 3,15 r.

e) c~c suauu, nocouenu 8 o6p. 1 .lit.

30. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr nesar, On. KaKTo no-rope, HO or )1.pyr nesar.

MOHeran e paasoaepao H3TpHTa. OpH3aHa e )1.0 nesara H HMa oxpsraeaa <t>opMa. Pa3MepH: 0,019-0,020 M, 2,89 r.

a) c~c snauu, nocosenu 8 o6p. 1H.

31. n. KaKTO no-rope, HO ornpyr nexar. On. Haanaesr e aHaJIcpa6eTeH (06p. 2 p).

<l>HrypHTe ca CK'bCeHH. BJIa)1.eTeJIHT OT)1.HCHO e esc 3a06JleHa 6pa)1.a. [JIaBaTa aa XPHCTOC e H3TpHTa (06p. 4 e). Pa3MepH: 0,021-0,021 M, 3,35 r.

e) esc snauu, nocosenu 8 o6p. 1 o-n. 32. Jl, KaKTO no-rope, HO OT )1.pyr nesar. On. KaKTO no-rope, HO OT Apyr nesar.

OT aaanaca BAHCHO ce BHQa AVI. .••• BJIaAeTeJlHT OTASICHO e C'bC 3ao6.neHa "HHKeAcxa" 6paAa (06p. 5 a). MoHeTaTa e op1l$8Ha nJl'bTHO AO nesara, KaTO aa Meera ca 3sceqtaTH H H306paJKeHHSlTa. Pa3MepH: 0,020-0,020" M, 2,75 r.

33. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT AP¥r nesar. On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT Apy.r nexar, 11306paJKeHHeTo aa BJlaAeTeJlHTe e 6JlH3KO AO ropaoro. Or aaanaca BAHeHO ce qere AVT .... Pa3JIaTO SlApo. MOHeraTa e opsaaaa, HO HMa OCTaHeHH nOJIeTa H3B'bH nexara (06p. 5 6). Pa3MepH: 0,022-0,023 M, 3,25 r.,

0iC) czc snauu, nocosenu 8 06p. I p.

34. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT Apyr nexar, On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT ,n.pyr nesar.

MOHeTaTa e C HenpaBHJIHa <t>oPMa, H3TPHT3' H nponyxaaa aa pa3JIHqHH Meera. PasMePH: 0,0210-0,0215 M, 2,75 r.

B) C~C snauu, nOCO'leHU 8 06p. 1 c.

35. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT ,n.pyr nesar.

B'spxy rnasara aa Boroponaua H rope, BJlHBO - rpa<pHTH (06p. 2 c).

On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT ,n.pyr nenar. 113TpHTa e HaH-Belle cpHrypaTa aa XpHCTOC. BJlaAereJIHT OT,n.HCHO e roaoepan. HAPOTO sa MOHeTaTa e nponyxaao (06p. 5 8). Pa3MepH: 0,021-0,023 M, 2,13 r.

u) C?lC BHalC, nocosee 8 06p. 1 m.

36. JI. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT ,n.pyr nexar. On. KaKTO no-rope, HO OT ,n.pyr nenar.

<l>HrYPHTeCa CK'bCeHH. 11 ,n.BaMaTS saanerena HMaT pa3ABoeHH 6pa,n.H. BAHCHO ce sere ANA. " CTHJI'bT aa H306paJKeHHHTa e no-npHMHTHI~eH, OTKOJlKOTO na ocraaanare (06p. 5 e). Pa3MepH: 0,017-0,022 M, 2,86 r.

u) c~c BHaK" nocosen 8 o6p. 1 y.

37. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT )1.pyr nesar. On. Kaxro no-rope, HO OT npyr nexar.

Bnaaereasr OT,n.HCHO e C'bC saxpsraeaa "HHKeHcKa" 6pa)1.a. CTHJI'bT e, KaKTO no-rope, npaMHTHBeH. MOHeraT8 e opssasa nJl'bTHO .l{0 nexara, KaTO ca saceraara H H306paJKeHHHTa. Pa3MepH: 0,021-0,021 M, 2,8 r.

K,) c~c snauu, nocouenu 8 06p. 1 fjJ.

38. n. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr nesar.

32

On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT.' )1.pyr nexar.

BJla)1.eTeJlHT OT)1.HCHO e esc 3a06JleHa "HHKeiicKa" 6pa)1.a. CTHJl'bT e C~HHT, KaKTO norope. Pa3MepH: 0,0220-0,0225 M, 3,021 r.

./l) C'lJC snauu, nocoueuu. ~~. o6p. 1 x.

39. Jl, KaKTo no-ropevuo or )1.pyr nexar. On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT )1.pyr nesar.

MOHeTaTa e paBHoMepHo H3TpHTa, opssaaa nJl'bTHO AO neqaTa, KaToe 3acerHaTa AOJlHaTa qaCT aa H306paJKeHHHTa. Pa3MepH: 0,019- 0,021 M, 3,37 r.

.lit) esc snauu, nocouenu 8 o6p. 1 If.

40. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO or Apyr neuar. On. KaKTo no-rope, HO or ,n.pyr nesar.

BJla)1.eTeJlHT OT)1.SICHO e C'bC 3a06JleHa 6paAa. CTHJl'bT e TB'bp)1.e npHMHTHBeH, 6JIH3'bK AO T03H aa MOHeTa oN!! 31. 5I)1.Poro e paSJU1TO H nponyKa~o. Pa3MepH: 0,020-0,022 M, 3.,27 r.

H)C7IC snauu, nOCO'leHU .Bo6p •. 1/".

-41. n. Kaxro no-rope,~;!iVAPyr nexar. rOpHaTa H AOJIHaTa qaCT 1Hl~~JfHe'fO ea H3TpHTH.

On. KaKTO no-rope, HO or ,n.pyr nenar. 11306pa>KeHHSITa aa BJla)1.eTeJlHTe ca )1.0 nose, 11 ABaMaTa HMaT pa3)1.BoeHH 6pa)1.H. Fopaara H ,n.OJlHaTa sacr na H306paJKemuITa ca H3TpHTH no C'bUJ,HH HaqHH, KaKTO no-rope (06p. 5 0). Pa3MepH: 0,020-0,021 M, 3,18 r.

0) c~c snauu, nOCO'leHU 8 06p. 1 tu.

42. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO or )1.pyr nexar. On. KaKTo no-rope, HO or .ll.pyr nexar.

11306paJKeHHSITa aa aaanereaare ca MH3KH )1.0 Te3H no-rope. nOpOC'bT B'bpxy f'bPAHTe HM HMa yxpaca B'bB <t>opMaTa sa KP'bCT or TOqKH. nOpOC'bT aa nosca e C nsypeaoee yxpaca. Pasxepa: 0,0215-0,0210 M, 2,28 r.

n) etc ssauu, nocosenu 8 06p. 1 10.

43. n. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT Apyr nesar. On. KaKTo no-rope, HO or Apyr nesar.

I1so6paJKeHHSlTa ca 6JIH3KH nOHKoHOrpacpHSI H CTUJI C ~2 25, HO naanacsr e OROJIO H306paJKeBHSITa, a He BepTHKaJleH. BJla)1.eTeJlHT OT.nS1CHO e C'be 3a06JleHa 6p8,l{a. Pa3MepH: 0,019- 0,021 M, 2,94 r.

p) esc snauu, nocosenu 8 o6p. 1 R..

. 44~ KaKTO no-rope,. HO OT.npyr. nesar.

J1SIBaTa nOJlOBHHa aa H306paJKeHHeTO e nosese H3TpHTa.

On. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT .npyr neilaT.

C>TJlHBO MOJKe na 6'b)1.e nposerea Ha)1.nHC'bT ANAAONI. . .. Pa3MepH: 0,020-0,021 M, 2,8 r.

, Me>Kp.HHHaTa rpyna BKJllOlIBa 5 MOHerH.

DPH HHKOH'OT TSIX HaAIlnclI'I' ~ aepTHKaJIeH, a npa )1.pyrH e pa3nOJlOJKeH OKQJlOl H300paJKeHHSITa, B'bnpeKIt 'Ie MOHeTHTe ca C e)1.HHH C'bUJ,H 3HalI.H (caraa). Pa3npeAeJIHMe ra B 3 nOArpyna cnope)1. nOCOqeHHH npH3HaK - 3HaUHTe OT )1.BeTe crpaun aa Boroponaua.

a) c~c snauu, nOCO'teHU 8 oop.>! U.

45. Jl. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT )1.pyr nexar, On. KaKTo no-rope, HO or Apyr nexar.

BJla)1.eTeJIHT or,n.HCHO e C'bC 3a06JleHa 6pa.l{a. OT JlSIBaTa crpaaa na H306paJKeHHeTO, OKOJlO

5

• 06p. 5 a-c) Ilepnepu, ceuesu no epeue Ha cauocmosunennomo unpaesenue na AHOPOHUK I I (1320- 1325). 0) Il epnepa, ceuena npu czeuecmnomo un paeAeHUe na AHOPOHUK If U AHOPOHUK UI (1325-1328,). e. Ilepnepa, ceuena e.tcpasina cueuecmnomo unpaenenue na AHOPOHUK I I U N,JuxauA I X (1295-1320). Fig. 5 a-c) Perp eres [rqp pes pendant Ie goucernemen t personnel d'Andronic I 1(1320-1325) 0) Perp ere frappe Lars du gouvernement commun dAndronic l I et Andronic If I (1325-1328) e) Perp ere trappe oers La tin du gouuernement commun d'Andronic II et MicheL I X (1295-1320)

Hero, OT rope na .uOJlY e H3nHcaH B HeraTHB nanrmc AN~PONIK

Pa3MepH: 0,022-0,024 M, 3,204 r.

6) CbG 3J-Wl{U, nOCOLieJ-W 8 06 p. 1 K.

46. J1. KaKTo no-rope, HO or .upyr nexar. On. KaKTO no-rope, HO or npyr nexar.

Bnanerenar OT.ullCHO e CbC 3a06J1eHa 6pa,na. H3/1_nHCbT or .uBeTe CTpaHH aa ananetentrre e BepTHKaJleH, KaKTO npu m.pnara rpyrra MOHeTH (o6p. 4 8). P33MepH: 0,021-0,022 lvi, 3;31 r ..

5 Apxeonoras, I, 1987

33

47. JI. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT JI,pyr nexar. 01I, . KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr nesar.

BJJaJI,eTeM1T OT,ll.51CHO· e esc 3a06JJeHa 6paJI,a. HaJI,n!:lC'bT e .. OKOJJO 11306pa)!{eHI151Ta, OT JJ5IBO na JI,51CHO. MOHeTaTa e 6JJI13Ka no CTI1JJ 11 113pa- 60TKa C ropnara. Pasaepn: 0,019-0,021 M, 2;8 r.

48. ,JI. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT npyr nexar. On. Kaxto no-rope, 1:10 OT npyr nenar.

JIl1ueTO aa XPI1CTOC e 113TPl1TO, st.pxy nero e 113JI,paCKaH rparpar (06p. 2 e). BJJa)l,eTeJJ5IT OT,ll.51CHO e C'bC 3a06JJeHa 6pa,na. Ha,ll.lII1C'bT e OKOJJO 11306pa)!{eHH5ITa, KaKTO no-rope. OT Hero qeTeMMHXAIA.

Paanepn: O,OI9()=-O,.0210 M, 3,235 r.

8) C'bC snauu,> nooouenu 8 o6p. 1 U{.

49, JI. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT ,npyr nenar.

Topnara qaCT Ha MOHeTaTa e Ii3TpI1Ta ..

On. KaKTo' no-rope, HO OT JI,pyr lIeT,IaT.

BJJa,neTeJJI1Te .. cil B 3/4. qJI1rypl1. 11306pa)!{eHl1eTO 11M e 6JJij3KO,n0' TOBa Ha Jfg 25 11 43. BJJa,neTeJJ5IT OTJI,51CHO I1Ma 3a06JJeHa (?) 6pa,na,. r HaJI.TII1C'bT e OKOJJO 11306pa)!{eHI151Ta. OTJJ5IBO e

ananqiacerea, 6e3 JI,a MO)!{e JI,a ce npoxere H5I- /

KaKBO I1Me, OT,n5lCHO qeTeM MHXAIA C nnrarypa • 06p. 6. Ilepnepa, cesena no epeue na cauocmcn-

aa M II H (06p. 5 e). Pa3MepH: 0,020-0,021 M, mesnomo ynpae/leliue na AliiJPOIiUK 11 (1320-1325).

3,23 r. Fig. 6. Perpere frappe pendant le gouvernement per,

Ilpn ztse OT MOHeTl1Te 3HaUl1Te OT JJHueBaTa sonnel d'Andronic 11 (1320-/325)

CTpaHa. ca il3TPl11.'11. . ",_BTopaTa rpyna MOHeTH (Ng 25-44) ce pas-

50:" JI. KaKTo no-rope, HO OT JI,pyr rresar. JJl1.'!1~maT OT rrspnara 1I0 TOBa-,.!.le,' Ha,nIlHC'bT lIM

Cl1JJHO 113Tpl1Ta IlOB'bPXHOCT. . . '.. e pa3'~O{IO)!{eH OKOJJO 11306pa)!{eHH5ITa; a' ne e

011. KaKTO no-rope, HO OT zrp yr "nesar.' ,BepTl1KaJIeH. Ho pa3JJl1KaTa He e caxo B rosa. 1l0Il05ICHl1 <pl1rypl1 aa ,nBaMaTa BJ)aJI,cTe.iIl1. ',llOI~~to 'QPl1 rrspsara rpyna, xaxap II cnpo;"

Dpe,ncTaBeH115IT OTJI,5ICHO e C'bC 3a06JJeHa 6paJI,a. IlYCHaTl1 l1JJl1 yHl1~O)!{eHl1 &yi<-B,l1;. TOR BCEt'naK

OTJJ5IBO ce BH)!{JI,a TeKCT (06p. 2 m). Pa3- ce lJeTe,.-To npn IlOBelJeTOe'~3eMU;rI5Ipl1.>eT BTO-

Mepw 0,020-0,021 M, 3,18 r (06p. 6). .paTa rpylla TOR e aHaJJ<pa6h~H, C'bCTaBeH or

51. JI. Kaxro jio-rope , HO OT JI.pyr nexar. :rOlJKH, lJepTl1lJKl1 II np yrn 3HaUl1( KOJ-lTO / B

115IcHaTa IlOJJOBl1Ha na 11306pa)!{eHl1eTO e H3- TaKl1Ba cJJYlJal1 3aMeCTBaT 6yKBl1Te. Ha6JI1o-

rpnra. OTJJ5IBO ce BH)!{,ll.a 11306pa)!{eHHe, 110- JI,aBaT ce pa3JJl1lJH5I B CTl1JJa II KalJeCTBOTo KaKTO

,n06HO na KP'bCT. IlpH MOHeTHTe OT rrspsara rpyna, raxa H Me)!{JI,y

011. KaRTO no-rope, HO OT ,npyr IlelJaT._~ MOHeTl1Te B'bTpe B rpynara. Hanpnvep MOHeTl1 BJJa,neTeJJ5IT OT,UlICHO e C'bC 3a06JJeHa opana. Jfg' 26L_33 ca Ilo-6JJ113Kl1 IlO'C'HK()'Ho-rpa¢M~, 113-

OrJJ5IBO - xacr 'OT BepTHKaJJeH nannnc. Pa3- pa60t'Kll II CTHJJ C Te311 OT lIbpBa rpyrra. Pa3-

MepH: 0,0185:-0,0190 M, 3,20 r. JJl1lJH5ITa.,ocBeH B nanrmca di 'il i3 3HaUl1Te, ld

01' H3B'bpll1eHI15I nonpooen nper JJe,n aa C'b-OTlJ~CTl1 '. B npencransnero "Ha B'{IaAeTeJIllTet

KpOBl1LUeTO MO)!{e' ,na cerranpaasr CJJeJI,Hl1Te na- DPH MOHeTH Jfg 34-40, >\2 .ee ,.Ha6JJIQJI,aBali

6JJIOJI,eHH5I H H3BOJI,I1: pa3JJHlJH5IH B l1KOHorpa<pH5ITa):,l8. BJIaJI,eTeJIwre'.!

Ilt.paara rpyna MQHeTH (Jfg 1-25) ce pas-. OTHaqaJJ~ TeXHHTe <pl1rypH ell' CK'bC~HH c.aMp

rpannxaaar OT OCTaHaJJHTe He cane 110 TOBa, no 3/4 cr p'scra HM. BIlOCJJe,nCT'iiHe re ce (ripen-

se nannucsr npn T5IX e H3IlHcaH B'bB BepTH- CTaB5IT no Il05lC, KaTO yxpacara aa nopoca

KaJJHl1 penose. Ha mntesara HM crpana ca B'bpXy Il05lCa lIM e B ,nBa pena (Ng 41, 42 II

rpasapaaa 3HaUH (o6p. 1 a-:JIC) , KOI1TO JJHIl- 50). Ta311 lIpOM5IHa B HKoHOrpa¢H5ITa na anane-

CBaT npn OCTaHaJJHTe MOHeTl1. CTIIJJ'bT lIM e re.mrre e csnpoaoneaa C BJJOll1aBaHe na CTIIJJa,

no-norn.p H H3pa60TKaTa - IlO-KalJeCTBeHa. a C'b~O C. IlpeJI.CTaB.51HeTO na BJJa,neTeJJ5I OT-

BJJa,neTeJJ5IT OT,n5lCHO npn T5IX e npencrasen JI.51CHO, OTHaqaJJO C'bC 3a06JJeHa opana, a cJJe4

ro.noopan HJJH C'bC 3ao6JJeHa opana. CaMO m.pxy TOEa - pasnsoena (Jfg 36, 41). Hannucsr m.pxy

MOHeTHTe OT Ta311 rpyna (Jfg 1, 3, 5, 6, 13, MOHeTHTe OT Ta3H rpyna He CJJe,nBa IlOCOlJeHOTO

14, 15, 20, 24 H 25) ca H3,npacKaJfH rparpnra pa3Bl1Tl1e,' a ,nOpl1 oriparnoro. Ilpn rrspnare

(otip. 2 a-n). CJJeJI,oBaTeJJHO Te ca IlOCT'blIHJJl1 MOHeTl1 TOR e OtIeBl1,nHO aHaJJ¢a6eTeH, ,nOKaTO

B C'bKpOBH~eTo no-pane HJll1 IlO-K'bCHO OT npu IlOCJJe,nHl1Te MoraT ,na ce nponerar OT-

npyrnre. 113rJJe)!{,na HeJJorl1tIHO cavo re na ca ,neJJHH 6YKBl1, a npn nosese st.oripazceune ,ll.Opl1

611JJl1 'oT6eJJ5I3aHl1 OT caparpure. 1l0pl1 II na .e na ce cm.pacar B, U5lJJ TeKCT.

raxa, TO B'bIlPOC'bT e, 3a~0 ca 611JJH 6eJJ5I3aHH MOHeTl1Te OT Me)!{,nHHHaTa rpyna (Ng 45-

HMeHHO re. no 6pOR MOHeTl1 Ta311 e HaR-rOJJ5I! 49) ca nO-6JJ113Kl1 no Te311 OT rrspsara rpyna H

MaTa rpyna. MO)!{e 611 ca HeRHa pa3HoBH,ll.HOCT. Ilpn nose-

:. 'J

',' ..... ,

,""'.'

6

./

qeTO OT TSiX ~TJISIBO MO:lKe )l.a ce npoxere llMeTO

AH)l.POHllK, a OT)l.SlCHO - MliXaliJI. '

OCHOBHllSiT np06JIeM ripn T0311 rnn ' MOHeTli e; K'bM KOH nepaon .« BJIa)l.eTeJI na 6'b)l.ar re 'omecena, B HYM'H3'MaTllqHaTa JIliTepaTypa r a rperapar pa3mi:'IH,o.E)l.Hll asropn Of OTHaCSIT K'bM C'bBMeCTH<YrO MOHeTOCeqeHe aa AH)l.POaax II II MHXaliJI IX (1295-1320)2' , npyI'll - K'bM MoiieTOCeqeHeTO sa Te311 )l.BaMa BJIap.eTeolIH ~JIli K'bM TOBa aa AH)l.POHliK TI II AH)l.POHHK I I I (1325-1328)3 ,TpeTli nonycxar, 'Ie TSlXHOTO cesene e npo)l.'bJI:lKHJIO II CJIe)l. 1328 1'.4, a qeTB'bpTli -I'll nplieMa'i aa llMllTa- 1l.110HHO MOHeTOCeqeHe aa araimaiicxnre rpa)l.o~:,peny6Jl1iKll OT cpenara aa XIV B.D O~HO~aHHSI sa Te3M CBOH' o'npe)l.eJIel:lHSI asropnre HaMHpaT B Ha)l.nHCHTe no MOHeTllTe, B CDC-TaBa na raxnara CnJIaB, srexaas' CTliJI II aspacorsa, KaKTo II B pa3!1pocTpaHeHlleToliM. H npn HaH)l.06POTO Hll :lKeJIaHlie na CJIe)l.BaMe enua OT npeanoaceaare XlinOTe311 II, )l.a KJ.UlCH¢llll.11paMe MOHeTHTe cnope)l. TSiX CMe 3aTpY)l.HeHll KOSI )l.a H36epeM. npHKpHTHlJeCKH nperaen na Te3H XHnOTe311 B TSiX ce 3a6eJISl3BaT npOTHBOpeqHSI. Ocrasa HH'OTHOBO na ce B'bpHeM K'bM nperaena aa MOHeTHTe H )l.a Bll)l.llM xaxsa )l.pyru B'b3- MO:lKHOCTli sa KJIaCll¢llKall.HSI'li )l.aTHpOBKa npennarar Te.

, Il'spsara rpyna MOHeni (N!! 1 _:2p) , .. np a K()HTO aaoepaaenasra H CTllJI'bT ca Haii-)l.o6pH H npH KOliTO ca H3nHcaHH llMeHaTa aa snaneJI.eJIliTe Al:IJI.J?OFjllK H MHXallJI .• · 6HxMe Mor JIH na CB'bp:lKeM C xoaeroceseuero na AHJI.POHHK II H MHXaHJI I X .vhnHcBalW10 aa aannacare no MOHeTHTe C JIH-nCBa~H Ii -3J.Ie sanaaeaa .6YKBH e nemo xapaKTE1pHO He C;:1MQ 3ii pa3rJIe:lK]laHHSI. nepnon, HO H sa anepnepoaosure MO}leTOcell~HHSI aa MH,XaHJI VIII Ilaaeonor (1259- 1282),.AH)l.POHHK n<1282~1295),,)l.opHH sa Te3HOT, XII~XIII B~ C'bBMeCTHoTo ynpasnenne H MOHeTPcelleHeHa AH)l.POHHK 11M MHxaijJI . ' I X - e ,lI.OCTa npo)l.'bJI:lKllTeJIHo· (1295- 1230): Ilpes TOBa speae B1l3aHTH.ficKaTa nepnepa npei'bpnSlml' . lIyscTBHTeJIHH npoxeaa B TerJIO II CTOHHOCT6• Ero saino e OT anaseaue )I.~ ce .pa36epe K'bM KOH ,[OllHO nepnon OT C'bBMeCTHOTO MOHeTocelleHe aa Te3H BJIa)l.eTeJIH ce OTH~CSlT MOHeTHTe' OT rrspsa rpyna. Y craaoBeHO e, lie B HallaJIHllSi nepaon aa C'bBMeCTHOTO MOHeTOCeqeH~ aa AH)l.POHliK I I H MliXaHJI I X nOCJIe)l.HHSlT ce npe)l.cTaBSI KaTO BTOpH BJIa)l.eTJw,~ p.'bp:lKaBaTa, T. e. OT,lI.SlCHO aa H306pa)KeHlleTO H rOJI06pa)l.. nOCJIe]lHOTo ce e )l.bJI)KaJIO H aarpaxra, lie K'bM 1295 r. TOH e 6HJi HaHCTHHa MJIa)l..

K'bM xpaa aa nepHo)l.a . if230 ,r.}

MHXaHJI IX He MO:lKe aa,e ace orne MJIaJI. . H C'bOTBeTHqe npencransu B'bpXY MOHeTliTe .roaoopan, aautoro Belle liMa CHH AH)l.POHliK III; Ko;ihoJ¥»)I.ij BORHa cpemy ASI)l.O CH ·AH)l.poHHKII:

Ilopana TOBa B nO-K'b,CHHTe eMlicliH MOHeTH MHXaliJI I X ce np~CTaBSI C'bC 3aOOJIeHa .: 6pa)l.a aa pa3JIHKa OT oalll,a CH AHPOHliK' lI,.KoHTO rip ~~~~iiC!<H. M~J:lH~p.e BHHar-1i c. .P'~3)l.~~Ha

6pa)l.a. Ta311 npoxsna B H306pa:lKeHlleTO aa nnuero na MliXaliJI I X e c'snposoneaa II OT HSiKOli npOMeJili B 11306pa:lKeHHeTO aa JIHll.esara crpana aa MOHeTliTe. Taxa aanpaxep npu MOHeTHTe na Ml'IXaHJI VIII, AH)l.POHllK II (caMOCTOSlTeJIHOTO ~y MOHeTOCeqeHe) II oTHaqaJIO Upll. C'bBMeCTHOTO MOHeTOCeqeHe aa AH)l.POHliK I I n MHXaHJI IX Boropoaaua Opanra e npencraseaa Me:lK)l.y 6 xpenocrna xy JIH. Ilpn MOHtTllie aa AH)l.POHHK I I C MHXaHJI 'I X, aspxy KOHTO nOCJIe)l.HHSlT HMa 3a06JIeHa 6pa)l.a, KYJIHTe ca sernpa", Ta3H npoxsaa B 6poSi na KYJIHTe ce aanassa II CJIe)l. CM'bpTTa HaMHXaHJI I X npa C'bBMeq:JlOTO MOHeTocelleHe aa AH)l.POHHK II H AH)l.POHHK III. CJIe)l.oaaTeJIHO MOHeTHTe aT rrspsara rpyna, npJ:l KOliTO 001'0- ponaua . e npencraseaa Me:lK)l.y 4 KpenocTHH KyJIH, ca or nOCJIe)l.HHSI nepnon na c'bBMecTHOTO MOHeTocelleHe na AH)l.POHliK II II MllxallJI IX.. IUo ce ornaca )1.0 TOBa, nana Mllxaan e rOJI06pa)l., llJIH C'bC 3ao6JIeHa 6paJI.~, TO aeaaaarn MO:lKe na ce YCTaHOBli C'bC cm-ypH~CT - npn BCllllKli exseunnap a. Tlpasaaara e KaKTO B MaJI,KllTe pa3M.epli aa 11306pa:lKeHlleT08, raxa H B nourara 3ana3eHOCT na Ta311 sacr OT oopasa HaBJIa]leTeJIH. He aa nOCJIe]lHO MSiCTO e H TPY]lHocTTa ,lI.a ce pa3rpaHllllH 06pa3'bT Ha rOJI06pa)l. BJIa.n.eTeJI OT T03H esc 3a06JIeHa 6pa.na., Ilpa BJIa,ll.eTeJISI C pasnaoeaa opana raxasa 3aTpY]lHeHHSlHSlMa.

K'bM MOHeTocelleHeTO na AHJI.POHliK II c MHXaliJI I X me TpSl6Ba na OTHeceM H nerre MOHeTli OT Me:lK]lHHHaTa rpyna, T'bR KaTO npa nosesero OT THx lIeTeM HMeHaTa aa AH]lPOHHK H MHXaHJI.

KaK'bB e 6HJI - Ha.ll.nllC'bT npH MOHeTHTe OT sropara rpyna H KOR ca BJIa)l.eTeJIHTe, npenCTaBeHH B'bpXy TSlX, e TPY]lHO Aa ce OTroBOPH. Hanrracsr npa MOHeTH NQ 29, 30, 32 H 33, KOHTO ca mlR-6JIH3KH no HKoHorpa¢llSi II CTHj} C Te3H OT rrspaa rpyna, e nanpano Hepa36Hi paex, C'bCTaBeH OT TOllKH H lIepTllqKH. Ilpa HSlK911 OT TSiX (N!! 32 H 33) aanrracsr OT)l.SlCHO sanossa KaTO lie JIHC 6YKBHTe A VT. .. H OM Mor'bJl na ce CB'bP:lKe C THTJIaTa . na BJIa~ AeTeJIH HJIH ananereaare A VTOKP A TOP HJIH AVTOKPA TOPEC ll,1JH rrsx C n03HaTHSI rip" HHKOH. ,MOHeTli Ha AHAPOHliK II II MHXaliJI I X nannac AVTOKPATOPEC RWMAIWN9. ne)l.ooHa B'b3MO*HOCT noncxaasat nannncare HB. MOReTHN!! 34· H 40. Tlpa )l.Pyl-H, OTJISiBO, Maxap "H Tpy,ziHO, MO:lKe na ce nposere llMeTO HB. AH.Il.POHliK. TOBa Hll nasa OCHOBaHHe na JI.O~ nYCHeM, tie B n'bpl,lo06Qa3a nannacsr e 6HJ1 AN.iPONIKOC AVTOKPATOP 'liJIli AVTO; KPA TOPEC RWMAIWN. DeH)l.aJI H no' HaJI.lI.rpHeMB.T. tIe MOHeTHTe C aaanac AVTQ, KPATOPEC RWMAIWN ca cexeaa npa C'bB:

MecTHOTO ynpaaneaae na AH)l.POHHK 1 I H MH':' xann I X, 6es aa KOHKpeTH3HpaT xora TOllH010• T. repaCHMOB.B uarapaaara Belle CTY.ll.Hsi (sao. 3) npneaa, lie MOHeTliTe C aHaJI¢a6eTeH HMnHc ,OKOJIO 11306pa:lKeHllSITa ca OT C'bBMeCT~ HOTO ynpaBJIeH~e aa AH.~pOHliK II H, A~.ll.po~

HHK III (1325-1328). Ha H3BO.Zla My cease rrporasopena KaKTO axonorparpasra aa Te3H MOHeTH, raxa csuio H TSlXHOTO pasnpocrpaaeHHe H KOJIHlleCTBO. C pe3epBHpaHOCT ce OTHaCSiMe H K'bM onpeneneaasra My. Taxa aanpuxep K'bM C'bBMeCTHOTO MOHeTocelleHe aa AanpoHHK II H AH.ZlpOHHK I II TOM OTHacSi .ZlOCTa MOHeTH, npH KOHTO MO)l{e na ce nposere HMeTO H8 MHXaHJIll, nO.Zl06HH aa KOHTO HHe CMeBKJIIOIIHJIH B rrspsa rpyna. MO)l{eM JIM. rorasa .Zla npHeMeM, lie TOBa ca MOHeTH, celleHH CJIe.Zl CM'bpTTa aa AH.ZlpOHHK I I npa caMOCTOSlTeJIHOTO ynpaaneaae na AH.ZlPOHHK III1!? TaK'bB H3BO.Zl e B npoTHBopellHe C nOJIHTHlleCKaTa oocraaosxa B'bB BH3aHTHSI. l-i3rJIe)l{.Zla HeJIOrHIIHO AH.ZlPOHHK III na e 3ana3HJI B'bpXy MOHeTHTe oepasa aa .ZlSl.ZlO CH AH.ZlpOHHK I I, CJIe.Zl KaTO ro e oTCTpaHHJI OT BJIaCT H 3aTOIIHJI B xaaacrap. Ocrasa rperara B"b3MO)KHOCTMOHeTHTe .Zla ca HMHTaUHlI, celleHH npes neraspro-c-nero .ZleceTHJIeTHe na X IV B.13

CJIe.ZlKaTo npnexxe, 'Ie' rl'bpBaTa rpyna MOHeTH ca cesena npa C'bBMeCTHOTO ynpaaneHHe sa AH.ZlPOHHK I I H MHXaHJI I X, a BTOpa1'a ca HMHTaIl.HH, ceseaa HSiKOJIKO .ZleCeTHJIeTHSI nO-K'bCHO, 'TO CJIe.ZlBa na nOT'bpCHM HSlKaKBa pasJIHKa B TerJIOTO H KalleCTBOTO aa nsere rpyna MOHeTH. Taxasa 06alle HSiMa. OT aanpaseaara xacrorpaxa C rer JIaTa aa nsere rpynH MOHeTH YCTaHOBSIBaMe, se re ce pasnpeaensr B .ZlBa TerJIOBHH craaaapra: 2,7~2,8 H3,2-3,3 r, HO Me)l{.ZlY MOHeTH'I'e OT ,1(BeTe rpyrm pa3JIHIIHSI HSiMaU. TIPH Ta3H KOHCTaTaIl.HSI ce nOCTaBSI B'hnpoca, Ji,aJIH H rrspsara rpyrra He ca liMHTaIl.HH? 3aI.IJ.0 npa nes Ha.ZlnHC'bT He e aaampa- 6eTeH? Bsnpexn lIe HSiKOH 6YKBH ca HeCHrypaa, KaKTO Belle nOCOIIHXMe no-rope, HMenara aa BJIa.ZleTeJIHTe ce lIeTaT. AKO naere rpyna MOHeTH caHMHTaIl.HH H rpaaapaaerona nannaca e 3aTpY.ZlHSlBaJIO rpaasopa, TO aamo 6YKBeHHTe 3HaIl.H (CHrJIH) OT JIHIl.eBaTa crpaaa ca BHHarH npaBHJIHO H3nHcaHH? Hainero 06S1cHeHHe e, lIe e.ZlHHCTBeHO npea TSiX e MOrJIO na ce ynpascaasa HSlKaK'bB KOHTPOJI sspxy xalleCTBOTQ If KOJIHlleCTBOTO aa BJlO)l{eHaTa B MOHeTHTe MeTaJIHaCnJIaBU,. TIOpa.ZlH TOBa HMeH· HO ce e CJIe,n:SlJIO aa TSlXHOTO BSipHOH3nHCBaHe, .ZlOKaTO aa naznaea C HMeHaTa aa BJIa.ZleTeJIHTe He ce e 06p'bI.IJ.aJIo TOJIKOBa rOJISIMO BHHMalule, a B CJIYlIaSi C sropara rpyna MOHeTH, xaxro I.IJ.e BH,n:HM no-aoay, ee e npecnenaana H orrpeneneaa nOJIHTHlIeCKa UeJI. BCHlIKO H36poeHo ,n:OTyK npasn XHnDTe3aTa 3a HMHTau.HOHHHSI npoasxon aa pasraeacraaare MOHeTH HeH3- .Zl'bp)l{aHa.

CJIe.Zl KaTO He ca HMHTaIl.JfH, ro OCTaBa na nonycaea, lie ca cexeua npa ynpajJJeHHeTO aa AH,n:POHHK II H MHXaHJI I X HJIHlIa AH.ZlpOHHK II H AH.n:pOHHK III, HO roraaa B'bgHHKB1:lT CJIe.n:HHTe B'bnpocH:

1. AKO sropara rpyna MOHeTH ca celleHH npn ynpaBJIeHHeTO na AH,n:POHHK II Jf MHXaHJI IX napaJIeJIHO HJIH nOCJIe.ZlOBaTeJIHO C Te3H OT n'bpBa rpyna, TO samo e npoaeaea aaanacvr

,n:OTOJIKOBa, lie e CTaHaJI aHaJIq,aoeTeH?

2. AKO TOBa ca MOHeTH, 'ceqeim OT AHAPOHHK II H AH,n:POHHK III, ro~'bM 'fSlX CJIe;tBa ,n:a ce ornpasa C'bI.IJ.aTa 3a6eJIe>KKa. 3aI.IJ.0 He ca

,;! .. .

H3nHcaHH HMeHaTa na BJIa.ZleTtJI~Te, KaK1'O aa-

npaaep npa ,n:pyrH MOHeTH, o~T_I\eteHH K'bM C'bBMeCTHOTO MOHeTocelleHe na Te3Q .ZlBaMa anaJi,eTeJIH, npa KOHTO OTJISIBO R OT,tiSiCHO ce 4ere HMeTO AH,n:POHHK?16

CJIe.Zl KaTO HSiMa pa3JJHlIHSI B CTOMHoCTta aa nsere rpyna MOHeTH H CJIeJi, KaTO B C'bKPOBHI.IJ.eTO HSiMa cexean no-paao HJIH nO-K'bCHO OT pasraeaotanure, CJIe,n:Ba na npHeMeM,' lie .lI.BeTe rpyna MOHeTH ca cexeaa H nOCT'brIHJIH B C'hKPOBHI.IJ.eTO nOCJle)l.OBaTeJIHO enna CJIe,n: npyra, Ilo-paao ca nOCT'bnHJIH TeSH OT rrspsa rpyna. TIo-paHH8Ta HM ,n:aTHpOBKa ce onpe,n:eJISI KaKTO OT .Zlon'bJIHHTeJlHO nanecenare rpa$HTH caMO B'bpXy TSlX, raxa H OT axoaorpatpCKaTa HM XapaKTepHCTHKa. Bsnpocsr, K'bM KOm-o ce Bp'bIUaMe OTHOBO, e: K01'a H OT xoro ca celleHH' MOH:eTHTe?

fI,aT03H erarr OT npOYl[BaHHSlTa, xoraro He pa3IJOJIaraMeC n'bJIHaT8 .ZlOKYMeHTaUHSI sa OTKpHTHTe ,y HaCH .C'bCe.ZlHHTecrpaHH . C'bKpO~ BHIUan, npeMaraMe e~:Jt.uaTa ,B'b3MOlKHOCT:

MOHeTHTe OT rrspea HBTOpa rpynHca celIeHH B nOCJIe.ZlHHTe ro,n:HHH OT C'bBMeCTHOTO ynpaanenae na AH.ZlpoFlHK' II H .MRxaHJI IX, KaTO MOHeTHTe OT sropara rpyna cano-K'bCHH. TIpe3 1320 r. MHXaHJI nOIl"HHaJI, KaTO .BHHOBeH 38 CM'bpTTa My 6HJI 06BHHeH AH.ZlpOHHK I II. Me>K.ZlY .ZlBaM8Ta AH.ZlPOHHKOBIl.H (.ZlSlJi,O H BHYK) 6HJIO CKJIIO'IeHO BpeMeHHO npauapne, HO noCJIe.ZlHHSlT He 6HJI KopOHSICaH" sa csynpasaren. Ha Hero My 6HJIH OT,n:eJIeHH 06JIaCTH aa BJIa.Zlelln~· B TpaKHH H M8 Ke.ZlO HHSl18 • C'bBMeCTHO MOHeroceqeHeOT JJ.BaMaTa ,n:o 1325 r. He e n03- naro. C'ltI.IJ.O TaKa He ca l103lJaTH H nepnepn OT caMOCTOSlTeJIHOToynpaBJIeH1fe ua AHAPOHHK II (1320-1325)11. BepOHTHoc6a'4eMOHeTapHH. nara He e npeYCTaHOBHJIa Ji,eHHOCTT8 CR. THn'bT nepnepa C otipaaa aa .ZlB8MaTa BJIa.ZleTeJt}f ce e 6HJI HaJIO)l{HJI na nasapa H npozrsnscaaaaero aa cesenero My e 6HJIO enna HKOHOMHlIecKa He06xo.ZlHMOCT. 3ae.ZlHo C TOBa He e MOrJIO ,n:a ce .npom.aacaaa H H3nHCBaHeTO 'Ha HMeTO na MHXaHJI, . CJIe.Zl KaTO ·Beqe He e6HJI' )l(H132o . TIo nOJIHTH'IeCKH npHIlHHH AHJJ.POHHK JIaCf orne He e 6HJI C'hr JIaCeH na nOCTaBH no ce6e CH B'bpXY MOHeTHTe oopasa H HMero aa CBOSI BHyK AH.ZlPOHHK I I I. TIoCJIe.ZlHHSlT e 6HJI KOPOHSIcaH sa cs ynpasarea ensa B 1325 r, Hsxoa OT C'b3- nanara ce cHTyauHSI MO>Ke OH e 6HJI aaxepea. KaTO e npo.Zl'bJI)KHJIO ceseaero aa nepnepa C'bC CTapHSI UKOHorpa$cKH CIO)I{eT, HO C npoxeaea aannac. BMeCTO HMeHaT! U THTJIHTe HS AH.ZlPOHUK II U MHXaHJI IX ce e H3nHCBaJI aaanUC'bT A VTOKPA TOPEC, KaTO He ce e yrosHSiBaJIO KOH ca aaroxparopare. DO-K'bCHOTO pasBUTHe aa T83H anes MO)l{e 6H e aHaJI<pa6eT~ HHSlT aaanac, OT KOHTO H200I.IJ.0 He MO)l{e .Zla ce paseepe KOH ca BJIa.ZlereJIHTe H ,n:aJIH ce OTHacSl .ZlOHMeaaT8 HM. nOCTeneHHO K'bM 1325 r.

B~B Bp~3Ka c npOMeHHTe B ynpaB~eHHeTO Ha axnepnsra aHaJI<pa6eTHHS!T uannac ce SaMeHS! C HMeHaTa na nsaxara AHAPOHHKOBUH, KaTO ~eqeHeTO Ha MOHeTHTe C OTqaCTH H~H Han~JIHO 8HaJI<\la6eTeH aannac BepOSlTHO e npO.n.~Jl)KHJIO.

CJIeAOBaTe~HO MOHeTHTe OT BTOpaTa rpyna MO}KeM Aa OTHeCeM K~M nepaona sa CaMOCTOSlTeJIHOTO ynpasneaae na AHAPOHHK II, KaTO e B~3MO}KHO MOHeTH Ng 41 H 42 na ca OT C~BMeCTHOTO ynpaanenne aa AHAPOHHK II H AHAPOHHK III.

Haxpas me ce cnpex H ua eAHH np yr B~npoc, Koiho 06HKHoEeHo B~3HHKEa npn HHrepnpernpanero aa MOHeTHH C~KpOBHlUaxora H npa KaKBH 06CToS!TeJICnae YKPHTO C~KpoBHlUeTo?

Karo HMaMe npeABHA, qe HaH-K~CHHTe MOHeTH B C~KpOBHlUeTO C8 OT nepnona aa C~BMeCTHOTO ynpaaneaae tra AHAFoHHK II H AH-

1 MOHeTHTe ca OTKpHTH CJIY'laliHO OT Araaac MaPHHOB XPHCTOB, lKHTeJI aa C. BOlKYPKa. no HerOBHTe CBe,lleHHSI Te ca 6HJIH 3apOBeHH nanpaso B 3eMSITa H HSiMa nanna na ca 6HJIH B C'b,ll. Hauepeaa ca B MeCTnocr-ra "no.ll MOrHJIaTa" aa OKOJIO 1,5 KM IOlKHO OT c. nali,llYIIIKo. B 3eMJIHIlI.eTO aa CeJIOTO HMa: enaa KpenOCT H ce,ll.eM Ha,ll.rp06HH MOrHJIH. Ha 1,5 KM IOroaananno OT c. nali,ll.Yilllw ce aaxapa c. BOlKYPKa (K'bpTaJIJI'b). B 3eMJIHIlI.eTO na TOBa, ceao npes JOJIH 1914 r., cnen HaBO,llHeHHe, e aauepeao C'bKpOBHme OT Me.llHH KOpy6eCTH BH3aHTHHCKH MOHeTH, CTO or KOHTO ca nOCT'bnHJIH B AHM, COCPHSI, H ApXeOJIOrH'IecKa 6a3a, Ilpecaas. ,UaraTa na YKpHBaHelO na TOBa C'bKpOBHme e OKOJlO 1208-1209 r. 3a C'bCTaBa MY Bm. H B. 'A 0 p n a HOB. MOHeT,H H MOHeTHO oepauteHHe B Cpe,llHOBeKOBHa B'bJIrapHSI 1081-1261 r. C., 1984. 180-181.

,: 2 W. W rot h. Ca talogue of the Imperial

Byzantine Coins in the British ,Museum. II. London, 1'08, 619-620, Pl. LX X XV15-18•

, 3 T. G e r as i m 0 v. Les hyperperes d'Andro-

nie II et d'Andronic III et leur circulation 'en Bulgarie. - Byzantinobulgarlca , 1. 1962, 213-236.

4 S. B .e n d a 1 and P. Don a I d. The

Later Paleologen Coinage. London, 1979, p. 113; D. M. Met C a I f. Coinage in South-Eastern Europe 820-1396. 'London, 1979, p. 275.

o C. A B ,lI. e B. 3a HMHTaUHOHHHSI npoasxon aa nepnepare na AH,lI.POHHK II H AH,lI.POHHK III. - HyMH3MaTHKa, 1978, KII. 1, 18-27.

e K'bM 1295 r. BH3aHTHiicKaTa nepnepa HMa 'IH' CTOTa aa 3JIaTOTO OKOJIO 14 xapara, K'bM 1320-1322 r, - 11 xapara, BlK. P. Pro ton 0 tar i 0 s. Is a reattribution of the Hyperperon of the "Proskynesis" type justifed? - N. Circular, july-august, 1974, p. 284.

7 Ibidem.

8 MOHeTHHSlT nexar e C aaaxer-sp OKOJIO 15MM, a JIHueTO aa BJIa)leTeJISI - He nO-rOJISIMO OT 3 MM. 9 A. V e g I e r y and G. Z a COs. The coins of Andronicus II with the inscription "Emperor of the Romans". - N. Circular, june, 1961, 'po 167_

10 S. Ben d a 1 and P. Don a I d. Op.

ci t., p. 62.

11 Hanpaxep MOHeTH Ng l -7 OT KaTaJIOra. BlK.

T. G era s i m 0 v. Op. cit., p. 230. OCTaHaJIHTe TPY,lI.HO Morar ,lI.a ce H,lI.eHTHcpHuHpaT no HJIIOCrpaUHHTe. 12 BlK. UHTHpaHHTe B 6eJIelKKa 4 H3CJIe.llBaHHR.

13 C. A B,lI. e B. U.HT. C'b'l., 22-27.

14 Bsnpexa MHorOKpaTHHTe HH onnra He MOlK3'XMe ,lI.3 HanpaBHM cneKTpaJIeH aHaJIH3 Ha HSiKOH OT MOHeTHTe, aa aa YCTaHOBHM C'b,ll'bplKaHHeTO HM. Ilpa aanpaBeHHTe npoea B 3JIaTapCKH aTeJIHeTa OT T'sprosuuie BCH'IKIi MOHeTH noxasaxa 'IHCTa npoea - 14 xapara,

APOHHK III (1325-1328), HHe AonYCKaMe, qe C~KpOBHlUeTo e YKPMTO K~M rpero-c-aerrrspro AeCeTMJIeTMe Ita XIV B. Illo ce OTHacS! AO TOBa, C K8KBO c~6HTHe e CB'bp2aHO YKpMBaHeTo, Hen'bJIHaT8 .n.oKYMeHTaUHSI M HeTOqHaTa narapOBKa Ha .n.pyrwTe nOAo6HM C'bKpOBHLUa He HM n03BOJISlBa na nanex TOqeH OTrOBOp. Or uaum npoyxaaaas sa C'bKpOBVlUa C nonofen C'bCTaB YCTaHOBHXMe, qe K~M TOBa speae (TpeTOqeTB~PTO AeCeTMJIeTHe sa XIV B.) ce OTHacS! YKpMBaHeTO aa C'bKpOBYLUaTa C nonoeea C~CTaB OT nonOBCKo21, BSlJIa 4epKBa22, .IJ.'b6eHe, KapJIoBcK023 HAp. HaH-06lUO npmmaara 3a YKpHBaHeTO Ha cnOMeHaTHTe C'bKPOBHlUa H Ha onMcaHOTO TyK TpS!6B8 }lace npCM B HeCHrypHOCTTa B 6'bJIrapCKaTa A'bpm8Ba CJIe.n. CM~pT· ra na Teonop CEeTOCJIaB (1300-1321), C Me}KAyoc0611UlITe sa HaCJIeASlBaHeTO aa npecTOJIa M C qY}KAHTe HaweCTBHS!24.

15 3a 3Ha'leHHeTO na Te3H 3HaUH B'bpXy MOHeTHTe ce nacxyrapa orne OT rrspaare ny6J1HKaUHH H3 no,lI.06HH MOHeTH. Hanocnem,x ce HaJlOlKH H3BO)l'bT, 'Ie TOBa ca TaliHH 3HaUH na MOHeTapHHuaTa, OTH3CHmH ce He TOJIKOBa ,lI.O KOJIH'IeCTBOTO aa OTCe'leHHTe MOHeTlf, KOJIKOTO ,lI.O ,npO,ll.'hJllKHTeJlHOCTTa. na ceueuero HM. BlK. D. M. Met C a If. Op. cit., p. 272. npOTO. norapaoc npnexa , 'Ie na rona na ca 6HJIH CMeHSlHH no 2-3 3HaKa (cHrJIH). BlK. P. Pro ton 0 t a·

r i o s, Op. cit., p. 284.

18 T. rep a C HMO B. AHTH'IHH H cpennose-

KOBHH MOHeTH B B'bJIrapHH. C., 1975, c. 123, 06p. 100.

17 C. A B ,lI. e B (U.HT. csx., 19-20) npenaar a

,lI.aTHpOBKa aa T03H BH,lI. MOHeTH cnopen CTaTHCTH'IeCKaTa 06pa6OTKa aa MeTpOJlOrH'IHHTe HM ,lI.aHHH, cpaBHHBaHKH rH C ,lI.aHHHTe OT nHCMeHHTe H3TO'lHHUH. TOOH MeTO,ll. aa pariora e MOlKe 6H nepcnexraaea, HO nOJIY'IeHHTe OT C'bmHR aBTOp pe3YJITaTH He OTrOBapHT na )laHHHTe aa pa3rJIelK,lI.aHOTO C'bKpOBHllI.e. TOBa ce ,lI.'bJilKH na rpaxra , 'Ie AB,lleB e nOJI3YBaJI rerxara aa HenpaBHJIHO onpeaeneaa MOHeru, aa TaKHBa OT HYMH3- MaTH'IHH KOJleKUHH H3B'bH aauiara crpana H np, AKO Te ca ueJiH H sanaseaa, 6H xa HmoCTpHpaJIH TerJlOBHHSI craanapr aa T03H BHlI. MOHeTH caen H3JIH3aHeTO HM OT MOHeTapHHuaTa. Haxepenare aa TepHTopHSITa na Cpe,llHOBeKOBHa B'bJlrapHSI MOHeTH KaTO e,ll.HHH'lHII CK- 3eMnJIHpH H KOJIeKTHBHH HaXO,ll.KH ca ,lI.On'bJIHHTeJIHO opH3aHH H HMaT HaMaJIeHO TerJIO. AKO THXHOTO TerJIO e CBelK,lI.aHO K'bM HSlKaK'bB TerJlOEeH craanapr, Toli me e nO-HHC'bK OT T03H na MOHeTHTe OT BH3aHTHSI.

18 <1>. H. Y C n e H C K H it HCTOPHH BH3aHTHHCKOH HMnepHH. III. M., 1943, 685-688.

19 S. Ben d a I and P. Don a I d. Op.

cit., p. 32; D. M. Met C a If. Op, cit., p. 272.

20 HaHCTHHa npes rrspsara nOJIOBHHa na XIII B. raxaaa npaxraxa e n03HaTa. CTaBa ,lI.YMa aa HMHTaTHBHOTO MOHeTOCe'leHe. Ho TOBa e MOHeTOCe'leHe aa apyra ,lI.'bplKaBH - B'bJIrapHSI H JIaTHHcKaTa HMnepHSI, a He na cauara BH3aHTHR.

21 Hl?PBH'IlIaTa HH<popMaUHSI sa C'bKpOBHllI.eTO BlKY H B. Hop,ll. a HOB. MOHeTH H MOHeTHO 06p'b. uieaae B H3TO'lHa B'bJIrapHH rrpes rrepaona 1081- 1261 r. C., 1978, c. 288 (KaH)l.H,lI.aTCK3 ,lI.HCepTaUHH, M311lJl,HOnHc) .

,~ H. M v ill MOB. KOJIeKTHBHH HaXO.!lKH aa 1'.10- HeT~, - HBAH, XI, c. 315. OT 1I5-Te nepnepa, aa KOHTO C'b0611l.aBa aaropvr, B OHM - B. T'bPHOBO, ,lI.Hec ce C'bXpaHHBaT caMO 5 eK3eMnJlSlpa.

23 B. Il e H 'I e B. KOJIeKTHBHa aaxonxa na cpe- 6'bPHH MOHeTH na nap Toaop CBeTOCJlaB. - HYMH3- MaTHKa, 1982, KH. 1, 3-18.

24 A. B Y P MOB. HCTOPHSI aa B'bJlrapHH npea

BpeMeTO aa IIJHIIIM3HOBUH (1322-1396). H36paHH

npoaaseneuu s. I. C., 1968, 222-263,

37

Tresor de per peres byzantins duvillage de Pajdusko,

departernent de Targovis te .

IV.JORDANOV,O OINEV

(R e sum e)

Dans Ie pesent article les auteurs etudient Ie tresor de monnaies d'or byzanti nes ~ perperes, trouve en automne de 1982 dans Ie terroir du village de Pajdusko, departement de Targoviste. Les difficultes dans Ia determination de ces monnaies proviennent des inscriptions mal conservees sur elles, de leur ecrit ure irregul iere et de leur classification incertaine dans la Irtterature.

Le tresor cornprend 51 monnaies que les auteurs r.epartissenten deux groupes fondamentauxet un groupe interrne dialre:

Le premier groupe (No 1-25) comprend des monnaies d'un style manifestcment meilleur et aux inscriptions regulreres, ecrites en !ignes verticales. Les auteurs les relient avec Ie monnayage cornmun d'Andronic II et de Michel IX (1295-1320) des dernieres annees de leur gouvernement comrnun. A cette epoq ue se rapportent egaJeinent les monnaies du groupe intermediaire (No 45-49).

Le deuxierne groupe (No 26-44) de rnonnaies sontaux inscriptions ecrites non verticalement, mais autour des figures et dans Ia plupart desclis q.ui sont analphabetrques, Les auteurs rapportent ces morinaies au gouvernement personnel d'Andronic Il , apres la mort de Michel IX (1320-1325), lorsque ce sujet iconographiquc s'etait impose sur Ie marc he et I'ateller monetaire avait continue sa Irappe. Le nom de Mitijel deja ne pouvalt plus ~tre inscrit;'cependant que celtad' Androntc etait indesirable.Pour cette raison, l'inscription etai t gravee irregulierement, ,reduH-e jusqu'a etre analphabetique, son orlglnal etant peut-etre ANAPONII(OC AVTOKRATOPou AVTOKPATOPEC PWMAIWN. De ce groupe vers Ie 'debut du gouverne ment commun d' Andronic II et Andronic I II (1325"':" 1328) se rapportent les monnaies No41 et 42 (fig. 511),

La date du recel du tresor est au cours de la troisieme - quatri~medecennie du X IVe s. en raison de J'tnsecutitedal'ls I' Etat bulgare,

EnHrpacpCKO-TeKCTOJlOfHl:fHH ,lJ.06aSKH BbPXY oiue ABa naanuca (3)

CTE4lAH CMH,lJ.OBC1(11

1. KP'bCT C KpHITTOrpaMa OT Ilapeseu

Ilpena HHKOJIKO romraa 6eme 06Hapo.n;BaHO xparxo C'bo'6meHHe sa e.n;HH raspze HHTepeCeH naMeTHHK HS MaJIKaTa KaMeHHa nJIaCTHKa1 - cTeaTHTOB KP'bCT, naxepea Kpai\' OOeKT Nt 17 na X'bJIMa Ilapeseu, ABTOP'bT K- TOTes sanpas» axoaorpadcxa aHaJIH3 na rrsopoara H .orfeJIH3a, lIe aa JIHu.eBaTa crpaaa e cxeuarasapaao pa3nHTHeTO XPHCTOBO C aaannc B ropnas KpaH It Xt, a aa onaxara crpaaa - Boropo.n;Hu;a OT THna OpaHTa C Ha.n;nHc Ha.n; rJIasara It Xt H nOCJle.n;OBaTeJIHO aa JIHBQTO H

.n;HCHOTO pasro n03HaTHTe csxpauieaa» UP +S.

Haaareasr .n;06pOC'bEeCTHO oT6eJIH3a, lie no CTpaHH1JHHTe CTeHH aa xpscra HMa H3pH- 3aHH 6YKBH H 3Hau.H H name CJIe.n;HOTO:

"IUe ce 3a.n;OBOJIHM cauo C TOBa .n;a oT6e.ne}l{HM, lie ce xacae sa TaHHonHC, B xonro ca ynorpeoeHH CJIe.n;HHTe OYKBH r!(Unr H e.n;HO 0YKBeHO C'b1JeTaHHe_ B Hero Y1JaCTBYBaT JIHraTypHO CB'bp3aHH HHKOJIKO (HaA-MaJIKO TpH)6yl<BeHH 3HaKa, KOHTO CMe aarpynsena na pa3B'bpJKeM. TOBa, 1Je B Ha)l'nHca ca ynoTpe6eHH caMO C'b!,JIaCHH 6YKBH (rKl,m H T). n03Bom:IBa .n;a npeJ{nOJIOJKHM, 1Je B'bpXY CTeaTHTOBHH K_P'bCT OT Ilapesen e BpH3aH MaTeMil.THlIeCKH TaHHOnHC, asrpaaerr, MaKTO npn e.n;HH .n;peBHopycKH KaMeHeH KP'bCT2".

TPH6B8 .n;a OTOeJIe}l(a, lIe TyK He ce xacae sa n03HaTHTe HH BH.n;oee TaHHoqHc3, a aa xpnrrrorpaxa C onpeneneno MHCTHKo)reOJIOfH1JIIO' csA'bpJKaHHe, Or Ife.n;oope ornesaraaara . CHHMKa ~'bpxy CTpaHH1JHHTe CTeHH aa xpscra ce xere CJIe.n;HOTO (nOCJIe.n;OBaTeJIHOCTTa B'bpBH OT rope aa .n;OJIy): rope JIHraTypa AP(r?)4, a B .n;OJIH4Ta .n;'bJIra 1Jaq 6)'KBHTe ,M, H .r..OTJlpyraTa crpaaa nax or rope aa .l(oJiyTKnr. J1Hrarypara C Haif-rOJIHMa BepoHTHOCT MOlKe na ce pasespxe KaTO (tpxaY'Y8A~. M 6H TpHOBaJIO J{a 03Ha<iaBaMtxa1)A, r C'b(JTBeTHO rappt1lA. CHMBOJIHlIHGTO y,206pa2HEaHe HJIH, H3nHCBaHe sa ;l(EaMaTa apXaHfeJIH.8Ma anorponeasao 3HalIeHRe. B npeJ{CTaBHTe aa cpeJ{HoreKOBHHH tWH'K 3a CJIOlKHaTa He6ecHa nepapXHH', MHXaHJI e CXBamaH KaTO 6 J.ltya~ ta~ttlpXTl~ xal (tPXtcrtP(lt8y~ tfJ~ OUVtlJ.l8(o~ loCupiou8; AnoTpOneH1JHaTa My ~YHKU.HH, THCHO npenJIeTeHa C nCHXOfOrH1JlfaTa H ncaxonoxnaara, e Jlcope nonseprana B cJIYlK6aTa na npasaaxa MY, CpB. aanpaxep XBaJIHTHHTe CTHXHPH aa YTpHHHaTa, K'b.n;eTO H3pHlIHO ce nomreprasa, lIe MHxaHJI c'bnpoBolKlla xopara HaBCHK'bJle H ra npennasna or 3JIoto,a CJIe.n; CM'bpTTa HM fH OTEelKJ{a C'bC cefe CH, CpB. u.CJI.nOA

rc,on &O~~tT£~NNbI)C7>. lib! letHAl:.. T£OHX7> n,H&'kr,\IOQlt.CA I 'k,OIO , JJHXA.HM (., .) to&~~AA.H

H nOl<fb!IA.H KC~ .. ~HTH~: ,H n "Mi, A.tXA.rrM, CMEFHbI,Tb! n, EAtTA.HH nOMOtpHHlCl:. Kt1Wl:.

I, Ii.

1 ~

• 06p. 1. cpaICcuMuAe na «aonuca om epesemo na ua p H8aH AAeICCaHO'bp u MuxauA AceH (no K. IllxopnUA u A. Map20c). Fig. 1. Fac-simile de I'lnscrip tion du iemps du.tsar ivan Alexandar et Mihail Asen (d'apres K. Skorpil et A. Margo,)

tfMAl. G'\A.rontTn"H~HwiH; csuio H CJIaBaTa:

UH)CA.HM ( ••• ) nOK,I>IH, }OS4\IOAH, U)CtA.HH H enA.CH KCA\, K~'OIO 1'A\ no<tH1'A.IOIlII>I,.o..7. C'bC C'blIl.OTO oxpaHHTeJIHO snasense ce CB'bp3Ba H apxanre,n raBpHHJI8.

Bt.pxy npyrara CTpaHHtIHa CTeHa nax OT tope na )J.OJIY ce xere; KaKTO Ka3aXMe, TKnr. Pa311lH¢POBaHeTO He np~)J.CTaSJlSlBa TPY)J.HOCT - T61t~ KpaVLOI) 1tapaOSta~ rBYOVS, T. e.'JI06- HOTO MSiCTO me CTaHe-pai{,9.

ABTOP'bT aa 6a3aTaHa naneorpatpcxare 6eJIe3H, oc06eHO ua Te3H H8 M, K3KTO H aa apXeOJIOrHtIeCKaTa cpena, OTHacSi naMeTHHKa K'bM XIV B.lO B nonxpena na Ta3H )J.aTHpOBKa tue nOCOtIa, tIe H3nHcEaHtT~ na C'bKp3lI1.eHHSI - KpHllTOrpCiMHc. TeOJIOmtIeH CMHC'bJl, B'bpXY Kp'bCTOEe no U'bPKOBHH CTeHonHCH npoaaxaa OT ~IV B. Hac3Mll. Beposrno csnmre csxpanteHHSI ca 6HJIH' H3nHcaHH H B'bpXY npyr crea-(}lTOB KP'bCT OT 06eKT. N!! 35 OT Ilapeseu esc dXO)J.HH nxoaorpadicxa C€JIe3H H pa3MepH12• Bspxy Hero e sanaseaa caxo n, HeC'bMHeHO tiacT OT nOCOtI€HaTa no-rope KpHTITOrpaM3.

2. POSU-UKH H_a.lUUIC' OT _ speuero na MBaR AJIeKcaH)J.'bp.

B HatIaJIOTO aa sexa K. IIIKOpnHJI nyonaxysa ¢aKCHMHJIeTa na nsa KHPHJICKH naannca OT Ilpoeanaacso, 6e3 na aanpaaa onar sa passuraae H T'bJIKysaHe13• MHoro nO-K'bCHO C TSiX ce 3ae A. Maproc, Koiho ru pasrnena na MSiCTO, paasere sanaseaare tIaCTH H rH H3)J.a)J.e14. 3aCJIyraTa My e 6e3cnopHa. Il'spsasr Ha)J.nHC, cpaBHHTeJIHO no-notipe sanaaea, e naTHpaH cnopen Maproc Sf[!l]A., T. e. 67(6)1= 1253 r.

BTOPHSIT Ha)J.nHclo cnopen H3)J.aTeJISI e B MHoro JIOlllO enarpaocxo C'bCTOSlHHe. Maproc ~'b3CTaHOBSIEa TeKCTa TaKa:

1W(A.tf'b) i\MKCA.tfA[t'b] S'\(A.)rOK~'iHl. U.(A.),b [S,\UA.],OU(b) )C~A.tb ••• H,3KO-

[A]H • )C... • •••••••

n,'be ...

• we •••

H •• M)C

16

B'b3 OCHOBa aa 3ana3eHOTO HMe na nap MBaHAJIeKcaH)J.'bp aBTOp'bT OCHOSaTeJIHO OTH3CSI H3)J.rmca B paMKHTe na uapysanero My (1331- 1371). C'blIl.o!_o tIeTeHe H )J.aTHpoBKa B'b3npHe <1>. MaJIHHrY)J.HcI7•

BC'blIl.HOCT, aKO ce BrJIe)J.aMe nO-)J.06pe B'bS ¢aKCHMHJIeTO Ha: IIIKOpnHJI, H3nOJI3YBaHo H OT Maproc, MO:lKeM na B'b3CTaHOBHM ouie )J.yMH OT BTOP'HSI pen, KOHTO eBeHTyaJIHO MoraT orne noTOtIHO na )J.aTHpaT sannaca. CJIe)J. 0, KaKTO

oT6eJISl3Ba H aBTOp'bT, ce BH}I{JJ.a tIaCTOT u. Ha)J. nea HMa THT JIa C H3HeceHO HaJJ.peJJ.HO ,,18. OT CJIe)J.BalIl.OTO )C e sanaseaa ropnara

tIaCT, a CJIe)J. Hero B'bpXy ¢aKCHMHJIeTO aa llcrKOpnHJI ce BH:lK)J.a CJIe)J.a OT OTBeCHa xaCTa. Ha TOBa MSiCTO HMeHHTHSIT YtIeH e BH)J.HJI ~ - cera 3aJIfltIeHO. Taxa csxeraaaero 6H MorJIO

~ u

na 6'b)J.e U)C~, T. e. U(H))(A.H)A~, aaa-sepo-

SlTHO B M. n., eJJ.. tI. T'bR KaTO cease HHK'b)J.e aanpen HSiMa H CJIeJJ.H OT npennor, H3- HCKBalIl. M. n., aanpaxep nfH, OCHOBaTeJIHO TpSl6Ba na ce 3aMHCJIHM )J.aJIH TaM He e HMaJIO caxo l., C'bOTBeTHO 6e3 EO)J.opaBKa, -raxa tIe

na 6'bJJ.e uib - HM. n., eJJ.. tI. 3a KOH MHXaHJI CTaBa )J.YMa, nOSlCHSIBaT CJIeJJ.BalIl.HTe TpH aanasesu 6YKBH i\cl.. Bep05lTHO IIIKOpnHJI He e BH)J.SlJI XOpH30HTaJIHaTa xaCTa HJIH T5I e 6HJIa BetIe H3JIHtIeHa OT BpeMeTO, HO T'bH HJIH aaase 6YKBeHOTO csseranae MO:lKeM na B'b3- CTaHOBHM KaTO i\C~[tfb], csmo HM. n., eJJ.. tI. Kacae ce sa CHHa aa MmiH-AJIeKcaHJJ.'bp OT rrspsara My :lKeHa BJIaX'HHKaTa Teonopa - MHXaHJI Acea (1323/1324 - yMp5lJInpeJJ.H 1356 r.)19, KOHTO, aKO C'b)J.HM OT H3BeCTHaTa nOXBaJIa B CO¢HHCKHSI (KYKJIeHCKH) nCaJITHp OT 1337 r., e B'b3npHeJI KaTO oama CH JJ.HHaCTHtIHOTO HMe AceH20 H ce THTyJIyBa KaTO uap, CpB. ,A.AO\fHTA. eA\ e'b c,\A.A1I(HMH <tA\Abl KA.WHUH.

UH)CA.HMMb 1l,'Ub i\e~H~Mb H CfA.llHMHfOUb H i\e~H~Mb21, T. e. no TOBa spese TOIl aexe e 6HJI npor aacea sa C'bBJIaJJ.eTeJI, csuap'", Csumre )J.aHHH tIepnHM H OT 3JIaTOCpe6'bpHaTa 06KoBKa OT H3BeCTHaTa MeceMBpliHCKa HKOHa: BaatA.EUoveo; 'toi) EoaE~sa'ta'to\) t.1syaAO\) pamAB( co ~ 'Iro(avvou) 'toi) 'AAE~avopol) K(at) 'toi) I)ioi) aU'toi) soosj:isa'ta'tol) j:iaatAs(co); M(t)X(al'lA) 'toi) 'AaaaV11 ••• 23 B MHHHaTIOpHTe na ManaCHeBaTa xpOHHKa MHXaHJI Acen e H306pa3eH OTJI5IBO na MBaH-AJIeKcaH)J.'bp C n05lCHHTeJIeH

... _.

Ha,!{nHC UHHAb u.f'b24• Taxa se JJ.YMaTa cnopen

TOBa B'b3CTaHOBHBaHe ensa JIH me 6'bJJ.e

[S'\'bfA.]fOU(b), a HaH-BepOHTHO [Cboltl HJIH cH"'b e]ro. Tpsf6Ba HenpeMeHHo)J.a oroeneaca, tIe raxa C'bKpaTeHOTO H3nHCBaHe aa MHXaHJI AceH e Hen03HaTO aa pa2JIHtIHHTe eMHCHH cpeespaa H Me)J.HH MOReTH, B'bpXy KOHTO TOH e H20- 6pa3eH 3aeJJ.HO C 6ama CH20• Taxa tIeTeHeTO aa rrspnare )J.Ba pena cnopen npeJJ.JIO:lKeHH5I OT A. Maproc TeKCT c HY}l{HHTe JJ.06aBKH 6H MOrJIO )J.a 6'bJJ.e CJIeJJ.HoTo:

39

IW(~H,£) i\MI((~HA[''£ &A(~)rOR't'~H~ U(~)'~ [H (I:.I)H1. ~]ro IJ(H))«~H)I\~ i\C't(HI.] ... H.3-

EOI\H. )(.. • . • . • • • • • . . . • . .

1 K. TOT e B. CTeaTHTOB KP'bCT 01 Ilapeseu. ~ Bexose, 1980, KH. 5, 80-82. Iloaropuo Ta3HHaXOJ(Ka 6ellIe pasraeaaua ,B'bB spvaxa C ,'lpyrH na.MeTHHUH OT Llapeseu rrax OT K. TOT e B. 3a HHKOH naMeTHHUH aa MaJiKaTa KaMeHHa nJiaCTHKa OT T'bPHOB. - B:

KYJITypaTa aa cpe,llHOBeKOBHHH T'bPHOB. C., 1985; 124-126.

2 K. TOT e B. CTeaTHToB KP'bCT OT Llapesen, c. 81.

3 OCBeH nOCOqeHHTe OT aaropa C'b1IHHeHHH B'bpXY TaiiHonHca BlK. .n. K 0 C T H fl. Tajno nacaise y cnOMeHHUHMa cpnCKHM. rJiac Kparsescxe Cprrcxe AKa~ ,lIeMHje. LlII. Beorpaa, 1898; E. K a p C K H ii. ellaBHHCKaH KHPHJIJIOBCKaH naaeorpaoas, JI., 1928, 249-258; B. III e II K H H. Pyccxa s .naJIeOrpa¢HlJ. M., 1967, 144-149.

4 CHHMKaTa HaHCTHHa e JIOllIO ornesaraaa a J!HrHp1lHHTe 6yKBH He ce BHlK,lIaT ,lI06pe.

{; ApXaHreJIHTe crropen IlceB,lIo-llHOHHcHii Apeonarar ca B cpeJ>.HHH 'IHH, BJK. C B II Tar 0 II H 0- H H C H II Ape 0 n a r H Tao He6ecHoii iiepap:XHH. H3)1. II. M., 1845, 37-41.

6 M. Bon net. Nara tio de rnlraculo aMi-

chaele archangelo Chonis Patrato. Paris, 1890, p. 3. 3a apxanren MHXaHJI BlK. Bibllotheca hagiographica gr aeca, II. Br uxelles , 1957, 118-122.

7 BlK. H nacazca re OT Il OXBaJiaTa na MHXaHJI H raBpHHJI y K .II H M e H T 0 X P H ,lI C K H. C'b6paHH C'b'IHHeHHll. T. 1. C., 1970, 281-282, C aHa¢opaTa

PA.AOYH CA.. 3a ncaxoxourruara ¢YHKUHll B aapoaHHTe aapaaaa a BlK. ll. Map H HOB. H36paHH npOH3Be,lleHHH. T. 2. C, 1984, 88-89.

R3aTHxBlKHF. Cabrol, H. Leclercq.

Dictionnaire d 'archeologie chreti enne et de liturgie.

T. I. Paris, 1907, col. 2082-2086.

9 3a Ta3H H ,lIpyrH IIO)"[. xparrrorpaaa BlK. G. M i 1- let, J. Pargoire et L. Petit. Recueil des inscriptions chretiennes du Mont Athos. I. Paris, 1904, p. 64, 138, 147, 184; BlK. H H. Il 0 K P 0 BCK H H. Esaareaae B naMHTHHKax HKoHorpa<PHH rrpeHMYIUecTBeHHo BH3aHTHiicKHX H pyCCKHX. CIl6, 1892, c. 356.

10 K. TOT e B. 3a HHKOH naMeTHHUH aa 1II1lJIKaTa KaMeHHa nJiaCTHKa OT T'bPHOB, c. 126.

11 BlK. M. 11 0 p 0 B H h - Jb y 6 H H K 0 B H n If P. Jb y 6 H H K 0 B H h. UpKBa yllolboj KaMeHHUH. Crapa aap. HOBa cepaja, KIb. I. Beorpaa,1950,c. 59.

1~ K. TOT e' B. 3a HHKOH naMeTHHUH aa MaJI-

xara KaMeHHa rrJIaCTHKa OT TbPHOB, c. 126.

13 BlK. A606a - IlJIHcKa. AJIb601ll K X TOMY H3BecTHH Pyccxoro Ap XeOJIOrH'IeCKOroHHcTHTyra. BHeHa, 1905, Ta6JI. XCVII, 14 H 18; BlK. H K. III K 0 pII H .II. IlaMHTHHKH B oxpecrnocrsx A606cKOr{ .pas-

CnOMeHaBaHeTO na HBaH-AJIe,KC8H,Il.pOBHSJ CHH MHXaHJI AceIf 3aTBa,pSJ xpoHd;qorHlIHO rpaHHUHTe na aannaca MeJKJlY' 1331 If 1355 r.

HHHbI. --"J13BeCTHll Pyccxore ApXeOJIOrHqeCKOrO HHCTwrYTa B KOHCTaHTHHOnOJIe. T. 10.'<;:., 1905, c. 419 CJI.

14 A. Map roc. Cpe,llHOBeK'oBHHTe 6¥rapcKH

naanaca npH c. POHK, Ilpoaanarlcxo. - B"'~rapcKH e3HK, 1976, KH. 4, 296-302 H nOCO'IeHHTe TaM3BTopH, KOHTO IIIHIIIOXO)lOIll ca ce 3aHHlIIaBaJiH C n'bpOHH Han· nHC Or 1253 r.

16 K. III K 0 P n H .II. A606a _. IlJIHcKa, TaM.

XCVII. 18.

16 A.M apr 0 c. UHT. Cb'I., c. 301 H o6p. 2. 17 P h. . Mal i II g 0 u dis. Die tni ttelal terIichen.kyrillischen Inschriften der Harnus-Halbinsel. Tell ,1_ Die, bulgarischen Inschriften. Thessaloniki, 1979, 70-72.

18 TOBa e BH,lIJlJI H A. Map roc. UHT. C'b'I., C. 301.,!<OjjTO millIe:. nHe06'IcHHMa06a'Ie ccrasa B.OJl.OpaBKaT8 C ,lIBeTC eKJlIO'IeHH non 'brM XaCTH'IKH, . npaJlerrellIf<)T noarrara it crpaaa RaJ{ rrpeJ{IIOJIaraeMOTO

1J1I KORT,O IHlno;\06l'1Ba THTJla 3.8 'C'bKpaIUeHHe. CJIe.1l.B8

aanaseaararopaa 'I8CT aa 6Yl<BaTa x., J{o6pe BH,lIRH8 H OT K. IIIKopnHJI."

19.3a H~'OBlK.,H B.' .B 0 lK HJI 0 B. <l>aIllHJIHJlra HaAceQeB~H(U.~6-1460). Feneaaoraa H npoconorpacpHiJ .. C., 1985, . 192-197.

20 Te CII HlllaJIR npaao aa TOBaHllle, Tl>'jj KaTO HB8n-AJIeKC8H)l'b1' e.nOTQMbK sa HBaH Acea II spea MaHKa CH Kepa IleTpHua -J{'bIUt'PH na HeH3BeCTHa no HMe,ll'bIUepll aa Teonopa-AHHa Ii cesacroxparop Ilersp, T. ·e. Til .e npaaayvxa sa Hsan Acea II, BlK. I10.rrO.llP06HO H B;' B 0 lK H JI 0 B. PO)lOCJlOaHeTO sa nap HaaH-AJIeKcaHJ{'bp.- HCTOPH'IecKH nperaea, 1981"KH. 3-4,c. 156, 167, 172; C'b IU H II T.aIllHJIHllT8 HaAeeHeBuH, c. 136, 149, 150, .447.

21 X p.l( 0 ,lI 0 B. Orrac na CJlaBJlHCKHTep'bKO. rraca B 6H6JiHOTeKaTa aa B'bJIrapCKaTa aKa,lleMHJI na HaYKHTe. C., 1969, c. 14.

22.r. B a K a ,.II 0 B. Cpe,llHOaeKOBHHHT 6bJIrap-

CKlj .BJIR,lIe:reJi (THrYJIaTYPR H HHCHfHHH). C., 1985,

c. 169. l'

2SV. Be s ev lie v . Spatgriechische und spatIateinlsehe Inschriften aus Bulgarten, Berlin, 1964. p.J09,. i

2~») .. l1. YH q e B .. MHHHaTlOpHTe aa MaHaCHesara 'JI'eTOIhkC., 1964, Ng 69.

2& B rrpeodnaaanatnare CJIy'I8H HllleTO e csxpareao

k'W k'

CbC 3HaUliTe'UXi\. lA, Ul\, Y, fJHAl\, ~ - alK. H. M y III III 0 B. MOHe"tHTe If nexarare .. 1Ia. 6'bJlrapCKHTe uape. C.,. 1924, 106-118; H. My III MOB. IlpHI:!9C K1?M 6'bJIrapCKaTa HYIIIH3MaTHKa.- J1BAA. IV, 1'914, '59-64; T. rep a CHili 0 B. MOHeTH OT ,lIBOpel(anaUapeBeu. ~ B: Ilapearpan T'bPHOB. T. 1. C., 1973,- 229 __ 231.

Supplements epigrapho-textologiques sur encore deux inscriptions (3)

STEFAN SMJADOVSI(J

(R e sum e)

L'auteur etudie deux inscriptions une

en langue grecque it l 'ecrtture secrete, et une en bulgare ,moyen. La premiere i nscri ption est sur une croix de steatite, tr ouvee sur la col line de Care vee et date des XIIlc_XIVe s. Sur un de ses cotes est schernatise Ie Crucifiement de JesusChrist, tandis que sur I 'autre - La ste Vierge du type Oranta. Sur les parois laterales on lit les cryptogrammes AP (r?), r et M; rxnr, que I 'auteur dechiffre r especti vernen t et li"xaY'Y€AO~, Mixaip' Tn~"ttlA; Tlmo~ xpaviou 1tIl"all€tcro~ yeyov€.

La de uxieme inscription, en tres mauvais etat

40

epigraphlque, est gravee sur: les rochers pres du village de Rojak, region de Provadia, et est connue deja du dessin publ iee par 1(. Sk.rpil en 1902. Recemment A.Margos J!a etudiee sur place eta la base du nom conserve 'du tsar Ivan Alexandre sur la . premiere Jigne de l Tnscrlption I 'a r appor tee avec raison a I'epoq ue de son regne(1331-1371). Se basant sur les traces de Iettres en rnauvais eta t de conservation a la deuxierne Iigne, I'auteur r etablit Ie nom du fils d'Ivan AlexandAr-Mihaii Asen et retrecit ainsi les Ii mi tes chronologiques de I'inscription entre 1331 et 1355.

RENATE PILLINGER (HRSG). SPATANTIKE UNO FROHBYZANtlNISCHE KU~TUR B;ULGAR lENs ZWISCHEN ORIENT FNO OKZlDENT. REFERATE GEHAL TEN 1M RAHMEN EINES G EMEINSAMEN ~IT OEM BULGARISCHEN FORSCHUNGSINSTITu'r IN OSTERREICH ORGANISIERTEN ARBEITSGESpACHES (OSTERREICHISCHEAKAOEMIE DER WI SSENSCHAFTEN SCHRIFTEN OE~ BAIKANKOMMISSION. ANTIQUARISCHE ABTEILUNG. XVI). Wien, 1986. 124p .•

Me}K,llY 8 H 10 HoeMBPH 1983 r. B'bB BKeH~. ce npoaene cHMn03HYM, nOCBeTeH aa npo15J1eMHTe aa K'bCHOaHTHqHaTa H paHHOCpe,llHOBeKOBHaTa Ky JlTypa na B'bJlrapHS!.H aa 6'bJlrapCKHTe 3eMH npena csaaaBaHeTO aa 6'bJlrapCKaTa ,ll'bP>KaBa. T03H CHMn03HYM 6e H3pa:) aa 3aCHJieHHTe HaY'!HH Bp'b3KH Me>K,llY ABCTpHHcKaTa aKa,lleMHlI aa nayxa revpecn, na BaJlKaHCKaTa KOMHCHli K'bM aKa,lleMHlITa, H B'bJlrapCKaTa axa,lleMHR na HaYKHTe, peen. ApxeOJlOrHqeCKHRT HHCTHTYT H HHcTHTYTa no 6aJlKaHHCTHKa spea nocpeaaaqeCTBOTO na B'bJlrapCKHlI H3CJle,llOBaTeJlCKH HHCTHTYB'bB BHeHa. T03H nearsp ce HIIH HHHUHaTop H opraaasarop (no OTHOUleHHe aa 6'bJlrapCKOTo yxacrae) aa CHMn03HYMa. H,lleliTa no C'blUeCTIlO npHHa,llJle>KH aa axaa, Xepxaa If>eTepc, aau.vnpeacenarea na ABCTPHHCKaTa aKa,lleMHlI na HaYKHTe, CBeTOBHO H3BeCTeH cneUil3J1HCT no paacxa H K'bCHOpHMCKa apxeoaoras, P'bKOBO,llHTeJl aa rOJleMHTe pasxonxa B Ecpec. AKa,ll. <l>erepc e rOJIliM npHSlTeJI H8 6'bJlrapCKaT8 \c.pXeOJlOrHlI. Heroaara Hay'lH8 xapaepa S81l.0qB3 C Yq@CTHeBpa3- KonKH B B'bJirapHH npea 1935 r. H Her~'aaTa ,llHCepTaUHH - aacera see ouie OCHOBeH TPY,ll no asnpoca e nOCBeTeH8 aa K'bCHOpHMcKaTa npOBHHUHH Kpaa- 6pe>KHa ,llaKHlI(.llH. Cesepoaanaaaa B'bJifapHlI). IlaJlOCTHaTa opramraaua 1I aa cHMn03HYMaH snocaeaCTBHeH peaaxrapanero, H ny6J1HKYBaHeTo ,Ha xarepaaJlHTeB pa3fJle}K,llaHHH TOM 6e OC'blUeCTBeHa OT".llOU. a-p PeHareIlHJlHl£rep,e,llH8 OT HaH-,ll06pHTe n03HaB8'1H H H3CJle,ll083.TeJlH· aa paHHoxpHCTHSlHCKOTO H3KYCTBO H KYJI1'ypa H8 6aJlK8HCKHTe 3eMH.

CHMn03HYM1!T "MaUle.' HHTepJl.HCUHnJlHHapeH xapaxrep. TOBa J1.8.lle B'b3MO}KI£OCT ,ll~, ee BHAilT npooaeMHTe OT pa3J1HqHH CneUHaJlHCTH - OT HCTOpHIlH,.,apXeOJl03H, BH3aHTHHHcTH, HCTOPHUH aa H3KYCTBOTO. (j>HJlOJI03H,CJlaBHCTH, TeOJl03H. OCBeH 6'bJlrapCKH H aBcrpHHCKH yqeHH B cpeuiara yqaCTBYB8xa H yqeHH OT I' ,llP, If>Pf - o6w.o 50 yqaCTHHIlH, B3eJlH MHoro aKTHBHoyqaCTHe Bpa3f"bpH3J13Ta ce ,lIiHCKYCHli. TexHHTe HMeHa C3 nYMHKYBaHH na c. 123-124 OT TOM8. Ycneuraoro aaaspuraaae aa CHMn03HYMa POAH HJl.ellTa TOil: ,lla CTaHe nepHO,llHqeH, eBeHTyaJlHo Ha BCliKa qeTB'bpTa ronaaa, KaTO ,llOMaKHHCTBOTO ce noexa, C"bOTBeTHO C peayaaae OT B'bJIrapHli H ABCTpHli. Ta3H H,lleH aexe ce OC"blUeCTBH H npea IOHH 1986 r. B Xacxoso ce nposene BTOpHliT CHMlI03HyM no Ta3H np06J1eMIlTHKa. Ilpeacroa H nyl'lJlHKYB8HCTO aa H3HeceHHTe J1.0KJlaJl.H.

B paarnescnaaas TOM, KOHTO HOCH aaraaaae .. K'bCH08HTHqHa H P8HHOBH3aHTHiiCKa KyJlTypa aa B'bJirapHli Me}K}{y H3TOKa H 3ana,lla", ca nOMeCTeHH BCHqKH H3HeceHH ,llOKJla,llH na n'bpBH 1I CHMn03HYM aa 6poiil2, noapeneaa no peaa HJi TlIXHOTO H3HaCliHe.

. B. BeJIKOB (Co(j>HlI) lIa3rJle}K,lla B 061U0HCTOPHqeeKH acrrexr MliCTOTO aa J1.HOue3HTe TpaKHlI .H ,llaKHlI B .nOJlHTHqeCKOTO pasaarae aa K'bCHOpHMcKaTa HMnepaa, TOBa ca 3eMH, seue 6aJlKaHCKH XHHTepJlaHJI.

6 Apxeoaoraa, 1. 1987

Kpumusa U peuensuu

HS HOBaTa CTOJIHua KOltCTaHTHHonOJl, KoeTO 06YCJl8BlI H 3HaqHMOCTTa aa nOJlHTHqeCKHTe C'b6HTHli B Te3H 3eMIf, na eTIIH'IeCKHTe npOMeHH, aa pa3BHTHeTo na rpanoaera. Xaac lliBa6J1 (BHeHa), na 6a3aTa na er-arpa(j>cKH.lI MaTepHaJi OT eJIHHCKHTe KOJIOHHH no 3anamroro LfepHOMopHe (rJlaBHO sa eJlHI£HCTHqeCKaTa enoxa ,H sa BpeMeTO Ita PHMCKOTO BJla,llHqeCTBO) H3- CJleJl.~1l HaBJlH.3aHeTO aa aHTHqHH (eJIHHCKH) KYJlTOBe B TpaKHHCKHTe 3eMH H npOMeHHTe, KOHTO HaCT'bnBaT BloB Bp'b3Ka C'bC CHHKpeTH3Ma C. MeCTHH TpaKHHCKH 60}KeCTBa, ocooeso no OTHOUleHlle aa 60}KeCTBaTa JleqHTeJlH. Bacan flO3eJIeB (Co(j>HlI-BHeHa) pasrJle}K,lla np06J1eMaTa sa K'bCHOaHTHqHHH H paHHOCpeJl.HOBeKOBHHlI rpaa aa reparopasra aa B'bJirapHli B nepaona VI-X B. Toil: CqHTa, 'Ie no CBOli npOH3XO,ll, pa3BHTHe, KyJlTypa cpe.llHOBeKOBHHlIT 6'bJlrapCKH rpaa e CMeCHua, C'bqeTaHHe aa K'bCHOaHTHqHHH, peen, paHHOBH3aHTHil:CKH I pan H paHHOCpeJl.HOBeKOBHH 1I rrporoosarapcxa yxpenea uear-sp OT cpenaoasaarcxa THn, T. e. npenCTaBH npHMH>KaBaHe aa eJIeMeHTHTe aa BH3aHTHHCKHH rpaacxa }KHBOT K'bM T'paJl.HUHHTe aa nearpaaasapaaare ,!J,'bp}KaBH aa HOMaJl.CKHTe napoaa. Ilerep Illpaauep (KbOJlH) MHoro nOJl.p06HO e npoysa» nsraara CHCTeMa H pa3nOJlO}Kt'HHTe no Hell rpanose B MH3HH, ,llaKH 1I H TpaKHlI cnopen ,LJ,aHlIHTe aa Teorpanaxr CHMOKaTa. H3qepnaTeJlHO e ,llOKYMeHTHpaHO C'bCTOllHHeTO Ha aHTHqHHTe rpaaose HenOCpe.llCTBeHO npena TlIXHOTO sarnsaae. Ha 6a3aTa na TepMHHa, C KOHTO ca oroeJlll- 3aHH re B nHCMeHHSI H3BOp, e aanpasea onnr ,lla ce xapaxrepaaap a rHXHaTa BeJlHqHH8 H saaueuae. I'epxapa ,ll06ew (BHeHa) B CTaTHlI, oaar.naaeaa "K'bM J1.HaJleKTHKaTa Me}K,LJ,y repMaHCTBOTO H K'bCHOaHTHqHaTa HMnepH 1I B ,llOJlHOJl.YHaSCKHTe 06J1aCTH~, 06p'blUa BHHMaHKe till KOMnJleKCHHTe fi3aHMOOTHOUleHKSI Me}K,!l.y roTHTe H HMnepHHT!i B T03H pail:oH npes III-IV B., KaTO T'bPCH npHqHHHTe, nopana KOHTO rOTHTe He OCTaBliT TpaHHH CJleJl.H aa H3TOKa, HO ce aarer-nnr na aanan, TaM scpenara aa e,llHa repxaao-pouaucxa CHM6H03a re B3eMaTBOTJl.eJIHH cJlyqaH H nOJlHTHqeCKaT3 MaCT. 06p'blUa OCOl'ieHO BHHMaHKe na rOJlHMOTO KKOHOMHsecxo H nOJlH1'H'IeeKO saaseaae na J1.HeUlHHTe 6'bJlrapCKHgeMIi B Te3H B38HMOOTHOUleHHH. I'ioarep XbOM (BHeHa) MHoro K3qepnaTeJIHO C IlHJl3Ta aaaasna enarpa¢cKa H ,llpyra J1.0KYMeHTaIlHH npOCJleAliBa pa3npocTpaHeHHeTOH. npOllllllTe·Ha KYJlTa K'bM H3H,Aa H CepanKeB ceBep06a.1lKaHcKHTe oMaCTH. Xaac-Ilarep ,llboRMaH (pepJlKH. r,np) pa3rJle}KJl.a MHCTOTO na B'bJirapHH KaTO 06J1aCT, K'bJl.eTO npes paHHoBH3aHTHil:CKaTa enexa-ce cpeiaar H3TOqHOTO H aanaaaoro XPHCTHHHCTBO. .8 e,llHa rpaaanaa 06J1aCT Me}K,!l.y. H310Ka H 3anaAa ce npoasaaar H penana OCHOBHH nporasopeqHH. KOHTO nonpaaacsr nO-HaTaT'bK H ao paaaenaHeTO aa uspxeare npes X I B. CTaTHliTa c'bJl.'bp}Ka MHoro nO,llPQ6Ha ,llOKYMeHTaIlHH 3a npoaaxaaaero H pasnpocrpaaeaaero aa XPHCTH lIHCTBOTO B H3TOqHD- 6aJlKaHCKHTe 3eMH npea rrspaare Be KOBe OT HOBaTa epa, KaKTO H no B'bnpOCHTe na xpHCTHaHH3HpaHeTO aa B'bJlrapHli npea IX-X B. KJlayc faM6epr (Pereac- 6ypr) aacneaaa nOJl.p06Ho }KHBOTli H' OCOl'ieHO TSOpqeCTBOTO aa e,AHH OT 3al5eJle>KHTeJlHHTe XPHCTHlIHCKH J1.eil:UH H8 BaJlKaHHTe npea IV BeK HHKeTa, enacxon na PeMHCHaHa (J1.H. BRJla Ilaaanxa, CPIO), H3BeCTeH C MHCHOHepCKaTa CH ,lleHHOCT scpea TpaKHHcKOTO CeJlCKO naceaeaae, aoeeaa .11.0 TlIXHOTO nOKp'bCTSaHe . BC'bIUHOCT Te3H TpaKH ca nOCJleJl.HHTe, npaena XPHCTHHHCTBOTO B 6aJlKaHCKHTe 3eMH B caMHlI Kpaii na IV BeK. HJlOHa Onear (,lllOce.JI,!J,op¢) npoyxaa eana crpaaa OT pa60TM'a aa H3BeCTHHlI Cep,llHKHHCKH c'b60p

4J

npea 343 r.-:- Y'l8cTHeTo ~ p,OJUITI\ aa enHCKOI:HTe OT aanaaaare' o6nacTH .aa li'MrrepHS!ra, KaTO ce 38HRM8BR H Or.1(eJlHO C JlH'IHOCTHTe na HaA-H3BecrHHre Me)K.1(y THX. Peaare TIHnHHrep (BHeHa) e npoysana paHHoxpHCTHHHcKaTa )KHBOnHC no naMerHHUH, 0'1'KpHTH aa TepHTopHSITa na HPB. Pariorara ooxaauia nanszao BCH'IKH H3BeCTHH naMeTHHUH, BH6J1HOrpa<pCKH ca H3'1epnaHH BCH'IKH ny6J1HKaUHH H aacaeasaHHSI, KaTO TOBa e HJlIOCrpHpaHo C 63 UBerHH H '1epHO- 6eJlH MHoro xasecrseaa CHHMKH • .n-p TIHJlHHrep 06- p stna ocooeao BHHMaHHe aa caMOCTOHreJlHHTe H3HBH aa MecrHHTe II1KOJIH H TeH.1(eHUHH, xoaro II penaua caynaa ce pa3J1H'IaBaT or H3KYCTBOTO aa troneMHre ToraBaIIlHH nearpoae, KaTO' KOHcTaHTHHonoJr, PHM II np. B H3BeCTeH CMHC'bJ' TOBa H3CJle.1lBaHe npeacrasaaaa H e.1(H'H xopnyc HB paHHoBH3aHTHilcKaTa )KHBOnHC npea IV-VI BeKRa nOCOqeHHTe B Ta3H ''repHToplfSl naxerHHUH.AJleKCaH.1('bp MHHqeB (Bapaaje cHcTe~aTH3HpaJl 06II1HpHa HH<p0pMaUHH:-- enarparpcxa H 1l!?Xe9J10rH'1eCKa, pasxpaaama eTHOKYJlTYPHHTe H T'bprC)BCKHTe Bp'b3KH Me)K.1(Y 3ana.1lHOTO LIepHOMopHeH ~aJlo1l3I1ACKHS! a EreAcKHSI CBl'IT npes ucscaara aHTH'IHOCT. B, T'bItKOBa-3aHMoila (Co<fJHl'I) nocraas np06J1eMH OKOJlO aHTH'IHOTO KyJI'i'YPHO HaCJle.lI.CTBO B fcpl!.lI.HOB~KOBHaTa 6'bJlrapcKa xynrypa: C OrJlE!.lI.HB .. KOHTHHIOIi'TeTa~ H ".1(HCKOHTHHIOHTe'!'a" B pa3BHTHeTO HB rpa.1(CKHlf)KHBOr, aa npaaoca na OT.1(eJlHHTe eTHH'IeCKH rPYIlH (aHTH'IHH H Cpe.1lHOBeKOBHH) H aa TlI'XHaTa xyarypa B' 'o<fJopMSlHe'tO Ha Cpe.1lHOBeKOBHaTa 6'bJ1rapCKa xyzrrypa. 06- p suta BIIHMaHHe aa HlIKOH TBop6H or cpezaoeexosnara 6'bJlrapcKa JlHTeparypa. TIpH T03H cJlY'IaA ocooeao BHHMaHHe ce OT.1(aBa na CXBalUaHeTO aa cpe){Hc;lBeKOBHH

B. H.MAPKEBH4. BJIH3KOE H .nAJIEKOE. KHII1HHeB, 1985. 45 C. TeKC'!' na MOJl.1laBcKH, PyCKH H aHrJlHitcKH, 207 UBeTHH HJlIOCTpaUHH

H3)(aTeJlCTBO THMnYJl, KHIIIHHeB,e H3,AaJlO 60- ra:TOHJlIOCTpoBaH. aJl6YM, B KoATOca H3MepIIJlH Ml'ICTO Hait-ueHHHTe apXeOJlOrH'IeCKH:MaTepHaJiH ,C'bXpaHSIBaHH B KHlIiHHeBcKHl'I apxeonoro-ernorpadcxa MY3eA. ABTOP'bT na aJl6YMa, H3BeCTHH SIT C'bBeTCKH npaHCTOpHK Bcesoaoa HBaHOBH'IMapKeBH'I, e aapecapan TpHe3H'IHH l'I TeKCT na H3.1lallHero K'bM Hali- II1H pOKH '1HTaTeJlCKH xpsrose. C MHOro;)Ii060o H KOMneTeHTHOCT B YBO.1(HHTe .1(YMH e pa3K33aHO 33 Hait-HHTepeCHHre pasxonxn B MOJl)(3BHlI,H' aanpaaeaare TaM OTKPHTHl'I.

PaHHH SIT HeOJlHT na reparopa lITaHa Mon.1l3BH l'I )(31'Hpa OT Kp3H aa VI XHJI;: up. H. e. H e npeacrasea or Byro-Zlaecrpoecxara KYJlTypa,c KOI'l1'O 3anOlJ'BaT HJIIOCTpaUHHTe aa aJl6YMa. Ilpea paHHHlI eHeOJlHT TyK ce pasnpocrapa Hali-H3TOqHHSlT KJlOH aa KYJlTypaTa na JlHHeli:HO-JleHTO'lHaT3 xepauaxa , KOHTO B3eMa yxaCTHe B'bB <popMHpaHeTo na K'bCHoeHeOJlHTHHl'I KOMnJleKC KYKYTeHH- TpHnOJlHe. OC06eHO II1HPOKO saJl6YMa ca rrpeacraaesa HaXO.1(KHTe or T03H nepaon, 'f'bii KaTO TepHTopHHTa na MOJl.1l3BHl'I e etlHH OT uenrposere aa

TpHnOJICKaTa KyJlTypa. .

OT H3BeCTHHTe B HaYKaTa apXeOJlOrH'IeCKH 06eKTH BllxBaTHHUH, BpHH3eHH, TpHHKa H ap. B aJl6YMa ca llaMepHJlH Ml'ICTO MHor06poHHHTepeHHH CHHMKH H 60raTH H8XO.1lKH. ,OTJlH'IHHTe rp'snxapcxa H3.1(eJlHl'I aa Ta3H xyarypa H PB3H006p33HaTa if H.1(OJIHB"nJlaCTHKa ca IIJlIOCTpHpaHH C BeJlHKonentI'H UBerHH <pOTOCH, neao na aaro pa .

Haxonxa re OT nposyroro Kap6yllcKo C'bKpOOHme OT C'bIUHlI nepaon ca 06XBaHaTH nO'IrH H3UlIJlO B aJl6YMa, KoeTO e ocorieao ,ueHHO OT uayxaa rJie.1(Ha

42

.THTepaTypHH H KyJlTYPHH .1(eli:UH no .oTHOIIleHHe aa aHTH'IHaTa xyxrypa. Csmeepexearro ce OT)(aBa He06- X0.1lHMOTO anaxeuae na MH.orO eHJlHHTe aHTH'IHH pexaHHcueHUHH B'bB <pOJlKJIOpa, B HapO.1lHHTe Bl'IpBaHHH.

ny6J1HKYB3HHTe MarepHaJlH OT Ta3H xompepeaUHl'I npeacraaar cepH03HH npanoca B HHTep)lHCUHnJ.HHapHOTO npoyxsane na pa3J1H'IHH crpaaa OT HCTopH'(eCKOTO H KYJlTYPH(jTO pa3BHTHe aa 6'bJlrapCKHTe 3eMH rrpes K'bCHaTa aHTH'IHOCT H paHHOTo cpeznoaexoaae. MHoro B'bnpOCH OCTaB3T ace onie )(HCKYCHOHHH H TOBa npoaana npn O)KHBeHIITe pa3HcKBaHHSI. TIy6J1HKYBaHHTe )(OKJla.1lH OTpa311BaT 3Ha'lHTeJlHHl'I nporpec npea nOCJle.1(HHTe rO)(HHH aa HaIIlHTe n03HaHHlI no asnpcCHTe aa rpaz.oaere H rpaacxa l'I )KHBOT, aa paaaoro XPHCTHlIHCTDO, .na H3is:YCTBOTO, na erHH'IeCKHTe:: npeCeJleHHH aa Baaxaaare H CB'bp3aHHTe!C TOBa HXOHOMli~ecKH, COuHa,1lHII, )(e~Orpa<pcKH npoMe~lH. I?a3J1I1'1HH crpana OT cpeaaoaexceaara 6'bJ1rapCKa KyJlrypa ca nOrJle)J.H8TH or rJIMHIUCHa npaaoca HaaHTH'IHOCTTa II aa aHTH'IHaTa xyxrypa: K'bM'Te:ifl il1>npocJt·ce.IJP.ol'Iaaaa aarepec OT Y'leHHOT pa'3JlH'IHH crpaaa, K.oHTO )l06pe n03HaBaT nOCTH)KeHHl'ITa aa 6'bJIrapCKaTa HaYK3. B'bB BCH'IKH eTaTHH ce orxponsa .1(eiicTBH reJIM.oTO' B3)KHO MliCTO B HKO'HOMH'IeCKO, COUHaJlHO, nOJlH'!'lhlecKo, KyJlTypHO orHoIIleHHe, KoeTO ueHrpaJlHHre H H3TO'lHH aMaCTH Ba, BaJlKaHCKH~, n~JlyocTpoB ~ MliCTO; K'b.1(eTO npes VII BeK ce C'b31titBa (5'bJIrapCKaTa.tl'bp>KaBa~ca arpana xaro KOHTakTHB, ,30lIa Me)K:n~ ii-hfdia' H 3arra.1la B npeX.o.1(HaTaenoxh OT AHirHirHocna K'bM

Cpe)l.HOBeKoBHero." " ' ., .

n

":,

TO'lKa, t'bH KaTO mjpBklJ'HaTa HM ny6J1HK~UHlIlle e .rreCH.o .1l0cnnHa H e 6e3 UBeTHH <p01'OCH. OC06eHo Bne'latJleHHe [, pansr pHCYBaHHTeC'b.1(OBe or 1<1iCHH 1I eran aa TPHU6ncKiiTa Ky4lryPB, B'bpXY KOHTO BH)KilaMe pa3JIH'IHH 300MOP<PHH H" aHTP.ono~.tOp<pHH' H300pa~eHIIH. , B 'KpaR Htl V ''XiiJJ.np·: H. e. B ,IO)KHa Mon)(~BH 1I )KHBell'!' nJteMeHll,,'ISJrH3KbPO)l.CtBeHlf 'Nil, HOCllTeJlHTe na 6anKaHCKHTe 'K''bCHoeHeonHTliH KYJl'l'ypJl, KOlIToB. H. MapKeaH'I' OTHaCli K'bM K)TJITypaTa PYMeJlHHua (Boarpa)J.'AJI.1(eHH). npelJ:craseHHTe B' aJl6YMa HaX.o.1lKH (H~onH H C'b.llOBe) HMiiT y'Hac MH3KH napa.neJllf cpen MaTepHaJlHTe ilaKYJlTypaTaBapll8 or K'bcHoeHeOJlHTHHl'I aexponoa Kpaii C. nypBHKYJl8K, Ton6YXHHCKO, H OT BapHeHcKHTe HIlKOJlHH ce.nH1U'3, H CO'laT CI4HXPOHHocTTa aa naere HBJleliH a..

C MaJl06poiiHIi, 110 "OC.o6eHO xapaxrepaa na-

XO.llKH, ca npeacraneaa. nJleMeHaTa or 6p.oII3.oBaTa erroxa, HOCHTeJIHHa ·SlMHaTa xyarypa, KYJlTypaTa aa C<fJepH'IHHTe aM<p0PH, KYJlTypaTa Hoya , Cpy6H3Ta Kynrypa H KYJITypaTa Ca6aTHHoBKa. BOJlIIlH'ft-CTBOTO OT nneaeuara, HOCHTeJlH na Te3H KYJlTypH," ca 6HJlH H.oMa.1(H. Te ca OCraBH.IIH B C1erlHTe MHoro6poiiHH MOrHJIHH norpeoeaa s II nO'ITH HHKaKBH Nle.1(H OT nOCeJleHH H. Kpali: C,'JI030BO e 6HJIO OTKpIITo66raTo C'bKpOBHme ,or6poH30BH Op'b.ll.Hl'I If Op'b)l{He ~'KaMH. cspnose, CUH paJIOB,!.1(eH HaKpHe'l~H K or )I{e3'bJl,!-KYX!I 6pa.llBH ('I', Hap. KeJlT",). TIo csonra rHIIOJlOrH'lIHaXO)J.:KII1'e HMaT TB'bp'tle 6J1H3KH napaneaa 'OT repa ropHSITa HaB'bJIrapHl'I H' nO~TO'lHO B KOJleKTHBHaTa naXO.1lKa OT TI06H!!' KaM'bK, Paarpancxo.

C1.C CHH,MKaTaHa e.llHH BeJlHKOJIeneH 6POH30S'iKHMepHiicKH KOTen e )J.OKY,MeHTHpaHO npHC'bCTBHeTO'lla KHMepHllUHTe uareparopaara na MOJI)(aBHlI, aa ,r<oeTO CnOMeHaBa .oute Xepo.1IOT ..

Pa3KonKHTe na CKHTCKH Ha)(rpo6HH MOtHJIH B MOJl.1(aBHSI C3 . .1(aJlM HB xayxara BeJlHKOJIenHH 3J1aTHH

YKpaWeHHJI - 06HUH., TOPKBH, anJlHKaUHH H np., KOHTO HMaT peJl.Hua 06W.H 'IepTH C TpaKHiicKHTe yxpauieaas

OT IV-II B. np. H. e. .

Ilpea IXHJI. np, H. e. nosra: USlJla MOJlJl.aliHSI e OOJla 3aCeJJeHa OT TpaKHiicKHTe nJleMeHa rera , aa KoeTO roaop ar MHor06poiiHH apXeOJlOrHqeCKH, HaX0Jl.KH, HaMepHJlH MSICTO B aJl6YMa, cpen KOHTO xaro OC06eHO ueHHH CJleJl.Ba aa 6~J1.aT cnOMeHaTH CeqeHHTe TyK cpe- 6~PHH MOHeTH, HMHTaUHH aa MaKeAOHCKHTe. Tlpoyseaa ca cenatua H rpaxama OT T03H nepaon (OJlIIWKaH, MaTeyu,BYTY'leHH)i Bp~3KIITe C rp~UKHTe KOJIOHHH no LJepHoMopHeTo ~a J1.0KYMeHTHpaHH C 4IOTOCH aa BHOCHa 'lepHo4JHpHHfoB3 KepaMHKa, MOHeTH, aM",opH, YKpaweHHSI H CBeTIIJlHHIlH.

B xpaa aa aamara epa Me>KJl.Y p. Ilpyr H .l1.HecT~p ca >KHBeJlH capuarare, KOHTO C~W.O ca OCTaBHJlH HHTepeens apXeOJlOrH'leCKH naMeTHHUH. OT capMaTCKH .norpe6eHHSI npoH3xo>KfJ,aT C~.Il;OBe, MeTaJlHH TOKH, ananKaUHH H HMnOpTl(H PHMCKH H3J1.eJIHSI.

Bill-IV B: or aaurara eva csurara TepHTopHSI e 6HJla aaera OT HOCHTeJlHTe xa LJepHSIxoBCKaTa KYJI~ypa. B aJl6YMa. ca npeacrasena CHHMKH H8 csaose C maanosaaa yxpaca, rpe6eHH, CT~KJleH PHTOH H 60raTH YKpaweHH,SI OT .CT~KJleHa nacra, KOCT, xsapu, KeXJlH6ap, XaJlII,eJJ.oH H J1.p., OTKpHTH B norpeeeaas.

T. H. KOPOBYlIIKHHA. 3EMJIEnEJIHE HA TEPPHTOPHH BEJIOPYCCHH B X-XIII BB. MHHCK, HaYKa H TeXHHKa, 1979. 115 c., 5 Ta6J1., 23 pHC.

H3Y'laBaHeTO .aa B~npocHTe, cB~p3aHH C noaaara H pa3BHTHeTo Ha 3eMeJl.eJJHeTO B J1.peBHopycKHTe 3eMH, OTJl.aBHa e npeaxer na UeJJeHaCO'leHH CHCTeMHH HayqHH

H3CJlCJI.. BaHHH: Onpeneaen .. , .n .. PHHO. C B TOBf ... OTHO. w.eHHe liMa kHHraTa aa T. H. 'Kop06ywKHHa 0.11. ropHOTO

aaraaaae. Ha J1P~B norJi.eJl. TOBa e He eTeHIlH03eH rio 06eM TPY.Il;, HO no csoero C~J1.'bp>KaHHe . TeXHHqeCKO 04JopMJleHHe Toii npeJJ.CTaBJlHBa eJl.HO CTe. aTO HaY'lHO H3J10>i!;eHHe aa MaTepHaJla. KHHraTa ce' C~CTOH OT B~Be.ll;eHHe H xerapa J1.06pe H.'IIOCTpHpaHH r JlaBH.

: I'nasa nspsa "KJlHMaTH'lHH H. nO'lBeHH YCJlOBHH" ce C~CTOH OTJl.Be 'laCTH: 'KJlHMaT H nO'lBH. B CTpyKTYPHO oracureaae asropxara D.paBHJlHO aanoxea H3JJO>KeHHeTO aa HaY'lHHH MaTepHaJl C paaraeacaaaero aa KJIHMaTH'lHO-nO'lBeHHTe YCJlOB-HSI, T~ii KaTO Te ca HMaJIH onpeneamno auaxeaae aa pa3BHTHeTO na 3eMe.ll;eJlHeTO. QnHpaiiKH ce na H3CJleJl.BIIHHHTa aa pa3J1H'lHH Y'leHH KJlHMa'fOJIQ3H, TH J1.0Ka3Ba, tiesI1.eHTpaJiHa Espona H CneUHaJIHO B. BeJlOPYCHH KJlH¥ant npes rrspsare BeKOBe aa aatua ra epa e 6HJI 6JIH3~K .11.0 CbBpeMeHHHH, KOe1"O cnOc06CTBYBaJIO sa .p3:>BHTHeTO aa 3eMeJJ.eJIHeTO. OC06eHO rOJIliMO aaaseaae B' rosa OTiIOWeHHe 'ca HMaJiH l(OqBHTe, T~ii KaTO Tece HBHBaT HenOCpe.ll;CTBeH3 O€l'OBa 3a pa3BHTHeTO aa paCTHTeJIHOCTTa. C~BceM H3KpaTKO aaropxara ce cnapa na IIOqB006pa3ynaw.HTe npoueca B npaponara H na xapax'repacraxara na pa3J1H'lHHTe BHJl.OBe nOqBH B .Il;HeWHHTe 6eJJ0PYCKH 3eMH, oT6eJlH3BaiiKH B aaxmoseaae, 'Ie npea nocnenHHTe 800-900 r. c~w.eCTBeHH H3MetIeHHH B CTPYKTYpara aa nOqBHTe He e YCTaHOBeHa.

f naaa aropa e nOCBeTeHa aa nosaoocpadoraamare Op~.Il;HH H~ rpyna. HaXI»KJl.8jiKH (iT lP}HJKU.",OHaJJ; HHTe HM ocol'ieHocTH, T. H. Kojful5ywKHH3:npaBHJIHO ra paaaea s aa J1.Be OCHOBHH rpyna: anperaran OpHH 0P~J1.HH, TerJleHH' 01' >KHBOTHHCKH srrp sr , H P'bqHH 0P~J1.HlI. ua TPYJl.a. Hocoxeiro e, xempea X-XIlI B. ua repuropusra na neJlOPYCHH ca 6HJlH H3nOJl3YBaHH B 3aBHCHMOCT OT reorpaecxare YC'Jl()BHlI pa3JIHqHH ranose H BHJl.OBe- OpHHOp~.Il;HlI.

KaTO . OCHOBHO Op~.Il;He aa seve p33pa60TeHHTe nOqBH asropxara nOCO'lBa paJIOTO OT runa ua Te3H

OnYCTOWHTeJlHHTe HaweCTBHH na XYHHTe ca CJIO>KHJlH Kpaii HaLJepHHxoBCKaTa KYJITypa. OT T03H nepaon iI aJl6yWl HaMlipaMe CHHMKa aa YHHKaJleH 6POH30B XYHCKH KOTeJl C BHCOKH J1.p~>KKH, cHa6J1.eHH

~ H3paC'n>UH. ,

. OC06eHO BHHMaHHe 3aCJlY>KaBaT CJlaBlIHCKHTe HaXO.ll;KH QT MOJI.Il;aSHSI, KOHTO ca HaMepHJlH MliCTO B H3J1.aHHeTO .. Hapen C xapaxrepaara CJlaBHHCKa xepaMHKa ca npeacraseaa Cp~6~PHH 06eUH C rp03J1.0BHJJ;HH HTOn'leCTH BHCYJlKH, >KeJISl3HO 0p~>KHe H CTeHHH xepaMH'lHH anJIHKaUHH. AJI6YM~T aaespuraa C MOHeTHH C~KpOBHw.a OT K~CHOTO CpeJl.HOBeKOBHe.

Borara re UBeTHH HJlipCTpaUHH H KOMeHTapHHTe K~M rsx '6e3cnopHO me npasaexar BHHM3HHeTO aa Haii-wHpOKa ny6JIHKa. 3a·cneUHaJlHCTa apxeoJlor aJI- 6YM~T e oc06eHO ueaea KaKTO C 60r3TH 1I H3BOPOB MaTepHaJl, KoiiTO ce c~J1.'bp>:Ka B Hero, raxa H C KpaTKHSI, HO asxepnereaea nperaea na Haii-J1.pf'BH8Ta HCTOPHSI na MOJl)l.aBHlI, aanacan OT B. H. MapKeBHq. Karo UlIJlO ny6J1HKaUHlITa e ueaea Hap~'lHHK aa BceKH, Kolho ce 3aHHMaBa C KYJITypHHTe Bp~3KH na naurare 3eMH C T~PHTopHHTe aa ceBepOH3TOK OT LJepHo Mope.

X. TO.l1.0POBA

C HHC~O pa3nOJlO>KE'-HHe na ueH~pa na Te>KeCTTa H TerJlHTE'JIHaTa CHJla. B 3aBHCHMOCT OT YCTpoiicTBOTO na pa6OTH8Ta 'laCTTH rH pa3J1.eJlH aa J1.Ba THnapana C nnaaana H 6e3 nnaaana, KaTO ce npHJI~p>Ka K~M MHeHHeTO aa 10. A. KpaCHOB sa TRXHOTO npoJl.~.iI>KHTeJlHO c~w.eCTBYBaHe·· B 3aBHCHMOCT OT THnOBeTe nO'lBH H xapaxrepa ua paeorara (c. 16). T. H. Kopo- 6ywKHHa C~BceM OCHOBaTeJlHO ce rrporasonocraaa cpeuty c~w.eCTByBaw.oTo B HaYK3Ta CT3HoBHw.e, 'Ie pa.naTa He ca 6HJlH xapaxrepua aa ropacrara 06J1aCT lIa. PYCKaTa paBHHHa, a ca 6HJlH npHC'bI.UH cavo 33 CTenHIITe H JleCOCTenHHTepaHOHH. Onposepraaaaxa TOBa cxsauiane; asropxara rrocouaa, 'Ie T03H BHJI. panaa "'OPMH e 6HJI WHPOKO pasnpocrpaaea aa repatopHliTa na YKpail'Ha, PYCKaTa "'eJl.epaUHH, BenoPYCHH, JIHTBa H aa J1.PyrH MeCTa. Cneuaaaea aarepec npencraaaasa J1.~jJaeH010 paao, OTKPHTO npu apxeoJlOrH'leCKH pasxonxa B BpeCT. TOBa, KaKTO oT6eJJH3Ba 8BTopKaTa, e YHHKaJlHa HaXOJl.Ka Ha OpHO 0p~J1.He OT .!lpeBHa Pyca s (c. 16).

.0T'lHTaiiKH aocroaacreara na paJlOTO, asropxara ce cnapa-aaxparxo na nOHBaTaH pa3BHTHeTo aa coxaTa. Cnopen HeH B nponeca na yC~B~pweHCTBYBaHeTO aaopunre 0P~J1.HH na reparopnara aa ropacrure xaCTH na H3TOqHa Espona J1.peBHOTO paao nOCTeneHHO 6HJlO H3MeCTeHO OT' coxara, KOHTO ce oxaaana npaxraqeCKH nO-YJl.o6Ha aa panora (c. 25). Cnopen Hac T03H H3BO)!. e HenpHeMJlHB. B CBoeTO HCTOPH'lecKO pa3BHTHe c.oxaT3.ce nORBHBa KaTO OpHO 0p~J1.He aa paoora B y'CJlOBlIJlTa aa nJlaHHHCKHTe H ropHCTHTe paaoaa. nJlaronapeaae na OC-06eHOCTHTe na CBoeTO YCTpoiicTBO H H3MeHeHHlITa, KOHTO HaCT~nHJlH B npoueca aa noHaTaT~wHOTO yC~B~pweHCTBYBaHe na TOBa 0p~J1.He, COXHTe ce nperrspuann B YHHBepC3J1HH Op~J1.HSI aa 06pa60TKa aa rrovsara. He3aBHCHMO OT TOBa, 'Ie coxara c~w.eCTBeHO ce paanasasa OT paJlOTO H nnyra, J1.BeTe 4IOPMH npOJl.~JI>KHJlH J1.a ce H3nOJl3YBaT napaJI~J!HO B3aBJ;lC~MOCT9t K.9HKpeT!lH~ lIc):!~r,!1! Y4!91l\! H"

, EJlHHCT~R H3t~q!JWK sa H3yqa;Ba!1eT<F aa .0pd;}lTe

Op~J1.HH ca TeXHHTe MeTa.'IHH HaKpaiiHHUH. H J1.0KaTO KOHCTPYKUHHTe aa p3J1HHTe H nJlY>KHH "'OPMH e TB'bpJl.e P33Ho06pa3Ha, TO "'opMaTa na TeXHHTe pexenm 'laCTH e TB~pJl.e KOHcepsaTHBHa H B noaexero CJIY'laH e npeaCTaBeHa OT orpaaasen 6poii BapHaHTH. B H3CJle)l.B3HeTO ca BKJIKl'leHH 34 H3Kp'3iiHHKa ua OpHH 0P~JlHH, 10 OT KOHTO ca npHHaJl.Jle>KaJlH Ha paJIa H 24 Ha COXH. 06HKHoBeHo TOBa ca cHMeTpH'lHH H aCHMeTpH'lHH

43

RTYJI'IaTH JleMe}l{H, KOHTO, Heo611cHHMo 3aII(OaBTOpxara aapaxa Be)1H'b}l{ Hapa:irHHUHH BTOP~ fi'!.T naaeurHHUIL Beaaar a TpH6B,a ,lI.a nO}J,1i:epTaeM 06a'le, 'Ie, no OTHOUleHHe aa TepMHHOJlOrHHTa sa JKeJle3HHTe aaKpaHHHUH aa paJIHHTe H IlJlY}I{HH <jloPMH HRM8 e,ll.HHCTBO KaKTo B narsara. rasa H B '1Y}I{,lI.aT3 HaY'lHa JlHTeparypa. TIPH UlIJlaT3 Ba}l{HOCT aa T03H asnpoc ace oure He csmecrayaa enanaa 06I1J,OnpHeTaKJlaCH<jlHKaUHH H TepMHHOJlOrHH.

C'bBCeM HH<jlopMaTHBHO aaropxara ce cnapa H aa 3eMe,ll.eJlCKHTe Op'b.l(Hli Ha'TPY,lI.a 311 p'btiHa 06patloTKa aa nO'IBaTa. K'bM ;'a3H rpyna TH OTHaCH MOTHKRTe H MeTaJlHHTe 06KOBH 33 ,lI.'bp,BeHH JlOnaTH, (C. 38).

Fnaaa rpera e 03arJlaBeHa"Op1>,lI.HlI sa llPH61lpane aa pexonrara H 06pa60TBaHe aa CeJlCKOCTon.aHCKaTa rrpoayxuaa", TH c'b,ll.'bp}l{a ,lI.Be '1aCTH. B' tI'bpBaTa '1aCT ca paarJle)18HH Op'b,ll.HHTa 3a npH~llpaH~ Ha }l{HTHHTe Ky.'1TYPH. OCHoBeH BH)1 ceuaaa, H3Jt(J.'l3YlIBHH npn Ta3H CeJlCKOCTOnaHCKa ,lI.eHHOCT, ca ,61f~~'bp!lQaere H KOCHTe. B'bBBp'b3Ka C Tonorpa<jJCKdTp, pasrrpocrpaneaae aa cuprrosere aBTop~.ara.,(jT~J1J1gsa )111- ' repecea <jlaKT, Koiho He e 38CBif)1eTenctBYBaH Y Hac npes Cpe,ll.HOBeKOBHeTO: OCBeH B CeJlHIIJ,BT8 H rpanosere rOJlllMa '1aCT OT cspnoaere ce OTKpHBaT B }l{eHCKH norpe6eHH H, nOJlO}l{eHH TaM Ka10 norpeeaaea HHBeHTap. T03H <jlaKT T. H. Kop06YUlKHHa 0611CHlIBa C 06CTOllTeJICTBOTO, 'Ie B )lpeBHOCT1'8 C }I{'bTBaTa ce e 3aHHMaBaJla H3KJlIO'IHTeJlHO }l{eHaTa.

ITPH aaanasapase aa cspnoaere anropxara e H3- noasysaaa cpaBHHTeJIHHH MeTO,ll. sa OCHOBaTa aa MeXaHH'IHHTe CBOHCTBa na cspnoaere. paspaoorea OT B. IT. JIeBaUleBa, B 33BHCHMOCT OT 'br'bJIa aa H3BHBxara aa pezcemara uacr II. pa60THHTe HM B'h3MOJl(HOCTH TH rpyrmpa cspnosere B UleCT rana: aoaropoacxa, PYCKO-JlHTOBCKH, ioroaananea, MOCKOBCKH, KHeBCKHH (e3 Ha3BaHHe (c. 44). Ensa JlH 06a'le Ta3H reorpadcxa THnOJlOrHlI,e HaJi:-Y.lla'lHaTa. C'spnose C nO.ll06Ha <jlopMa H paavepa ce cpemar He CaMO B pYCKHTe 3eMO,HOH aa TePHTOpHHTa aa B'bJIrapHlI II. .llpyro paHOHH aa BaJIKaHCKHH nOJlYOCTpOB.

C'bBCeM HaKpaTKO T. H. Kop06YillKHHa ce cnapa na peaynrarare OT H3B'bpUleHHTe MeTaJlOrpa<jlcKH H3- CJIe.llBaHHH aa csprtose OT MHHCK, KOHTO csanereaCTBYBaT aa B'b3MO}l{HOCl'HTe aa MHHCKH,Te J<;OBa'lH H aa Ka'leCTIIaTa aa TlIxflaTa npo~YKud. TYK 6H,xa MOrJlH ,lI.a ce npaseaar H pe3YJlTaTHTe OT H3,B'bpUleHHTe H3CJIe,ll.BaHHH aa ,lI.pyrH BH,lI.OBe 3eMe,ll.eJICKH ,OP1>,lI.HH sa rpyna.

Cn;eUHaJIHO BHHMaHHe e OT.lleJ1eHQ, aa OTKpHfHT,e KOCH-r'bp6YUlKH, KOH1O npaBHJIHO ca onpe,li.eJleHH"Or asropxara Ka10 yaapao-pesceiaa HHCTPYMeHTH. OTKpHTHTe aa TepHTopHHTa aa BeJlOPyCH.1I KOCH ,aSTOpxara OTHaCH K,'bM IO}I{HHJI THn KOClI, 3a,KOH1'O e xapaxrepao nO-K'bCHOTO II. nO-UlHpOKO -!leaBHe. TlI npaBHJIHO or6eJlJl3Ba, 'Ie T03H BHll KI)CH ca 6HJIH TOnH'lOH aa Cpe,ll.HOBeKOBHeTo, T'bH KaTO CJle,!l XV .II. THXHaTa <jl0pMa ce BH,lI.OH 3MeH $I , KoeTO ,l.IOBeJIO ,lI.0 HOB BH,l.I KO;:H, KOHTO ce H3nOJI3YBaT H ,lI.0 aaec.

K'bM rpynara Op'h,ll.HH aa npH6HpaHf'IIa PeKOJiTaTa asropxara OTHaCH, Ji xocepnre, KOHrO ca'. 6J1H3~H no <jlopMa H ycrpoacrso C'bC c'bPIIoBeTe. 3a C'b}l{B.iteHlfe npa aezeaare ,lI.aH~H ca TB'bp,lI.e HlI<jlopMaTHBHH

JIHJIJ151 KBHHTO. CTEA TI1TOBA I1KOHA HA BOrOPOJI,HIJ,A C MJIAJI,EHEIJ,A' OT Tl>PHOBfPAn. - ApXeOJlOrHH, xxvn, 1985,2, 45_:;;53

ApXeOJlOrH'IeCKHTe paaxonxa HnpoY,'1BaHH~B'bB sp saxa C IJOO-roJ{HwHHB J06H.neHH8 B'bJirapHll.c H 800 rO,ll.HHH oTB'b306HoBBBaHeTO,na Broporecsnrapcxo n;apCTBO ,l.IOnpHHecoxa ,lI.8 ce OCJ)eTJlH UlHPOK xp ar B'bnpOCH OT MarCpHaJlHaTa H nyxoeaara KyJITypa na napona HH npea Cpeaaoaexoaaero. Oc06eHo MliCTO

44

tIacT aropa OTrJlaBa TpeTa, e nocserena ria 01'1>aa ara sa 06pa6OTKa aa 3'bpHeHHTe XpSHH. K'btI1 TfI,X T. H. Kop06yUlKHIla oTHaClI OyxaJlKIITe sa op()'Hoaae aa 3'bPHOTO, ,li.'bpBeIlHTe 'IYKoBe3B 06pa(joTKjllIa JlIlH H KOHon, xpoMeJIHTe H ~'LpBekH..!f crsna (xaBBI(I1) aa CMHJlaHe na 3'bPHOTO. JI,06po)ine'IaTJleHHe npaB)f npHBJlH'IaHeTO na eraorparpcxa AaHHH, CpBBHHTeJfRH apXeOJlOrH'IeCKH II. HKoliorpa<jlcKH MaTepHaJlH, KOHTO aonsaaar npencrasara HH aa resa OP'b,ZtHSl aa Tpy,li.B

o 3arra)1HH re PYCKII 3eMH npes X -X II I BeK. "

r JlaBa 'IeTB'bpra e nOCBeTeRa na aeMe,li.eJICKHTe KyJITypH HCHCTeMH1e na 3eMelleJfHe. ,B rrspaara '1ac~, 03arJlaBeHa,,3e~le~eJICKH KyJl1;y PH" , T. H. Kopo6yruKH.,Hace cnapaaa e,li.HH OT sascna re asnpocanacpea- 1t()8eKOBHOTO 3eMe,ll.eJIi'le, CB1.p3aH cH3Y'laO,aHeT<> aa OT,rJfe}l{,li.1iHHTenO, TOBa, apeae aeMe,ll.eJICKH Ky:nrypH. ITdCO'leHOe, ,1te ~E!>lUY.,Htfll:-H3BecT7'HTe }l{HTHH paCTeHHH, K6HT()6~JIlIdTtJl~lK~aHH, C3 nmeHHgaTB, p'blKTa.eqe~HJ(,¥~,· oAectT;~PocoTo, Koaonl>T, oIleH1.T II. (Sol5qJn,ire",.,n1P:~m. "te~Jt" lta,7'~~ca nOAKpeneHH K;t~to o1;\c8,e.!t¢H~'1ITaHa Apes,QHTe JleT~Hell.H, raxa H '6,. o/ItPHi~ie)JPH! apX~oI!orHqeCJ!;H , pa~KqIJ.K~ ,OB'brJfeHH:l1.p,IIS Hapa3J1H'lilH'~YJfry])1I,(C' 1(1).' t9J1BM HHTep,eC npellCTaSJIHBaT npHOe.lleHH;repe3YJfTaTH' or naJfecii5oTaHH'IeCKHre H3CJle,li.BaHHH aa 3'eMe,li.eJICKH KYJIrypa OT 18 apXeOJIOrH'IeCKH o6eKTa (c. 69-96, Ta6J1. 5). B peay JfTaT aa Te3H H3CJle)lBaHH H asropxara CTHra ,lI.0 H3BO,lla, 'Ie p'b}l{Ta npea .ll.peBHOCTTa e 6HJla enaa OT OCHOBHHTe xJIe6HH KyJITypH, KOHTO no CTy,n;0YCTOH'1HBOCT KOHKypHpaJIa rnnenauara. Harepec npeaCTaBJIlIBa II. Ta6JIHua N~ 5, B KOHTO e nOKa3aHO reorpa<jlcKoTo pa3,npocTpaHeHHe aa OTKPH1'HTe 'npH apxeoJlOrH'leCKHpa3KonKH ceMeHa Ha 3eMe,li.eJlCKHKYJITypH na TepHTopHBTa aa DeJI0pYCHSI II. THXHaTa AaTf!poBK8. B MOllorpa<jlHHTa ce c'b06I1J,aBa H 3a paaaaraero aa OBOIlJ,apCTBOTO, sa KoeTO CBH~eTeJICTByBBT OTKpHTHTe npa apXCOJlOrH'IeCKH pasxonxa KOCTHJlKH OT CJIHOH,

BHUlHH, KPYUlH H. ,liP' " , "

Bropara '1aCTHa '1eTO'bpTa rJl8Ba" e, nOC8ereHa aa BH~OBeTe 3eMeJte,JlCKH, CIfCTeMHHa, o6pB6&rBaHe HB aexsra. Ha 6a3aTa aa aHaJIH3a Hi 3'bPH!!HHTeKYJfTypH asrcpxara crara ,lI.0 H3BO,ll.a, 'Ienpe3 X-XlIIB, OCHOBRa <jlopMa aa 3eMe,n;e.llHe ce HBlIBa yrapHaTaCRCTeMa C H3no.ll3YBaHeTO aa ~oynOJIHe H II'pHnOJlHe. TIpaBH.IIHO e nOCO'leHO, 'Ie npexO,lt'bTOT n'O,ll.Ce'lH(rrO 3eMeA~He K'bM yrapnara <jlopMa e 6BJI npO,ll.'bJl}l{Hl'eJleH npou~c, ,KOHro, ce e ,C'bCTO~ OT penana npOMeJK:''lY-

Th'lIl,HIj>Op ,.UI.'" ,', " , , , , ,'" ," ,: '

.Hk~ep~ce~' ~'?nHT~T ,itar)"' ft. )~op0(5'y:,lli,!tHHa ,38 OnpeAeJfHHe,406H13~Te OT. or.lle,Jl,HIITe3er.tE!~eJJCKII"KYJJ~ TypHira 61138Ta Ha, CpajlllHTMHUSI, E!THOrp8mcKII )latepaaa. B'bO Bp'b~Ka 'c TQBa aBrOPK8T3,ce .;:nu,pa H aa pa3JIH'IHH Ha'lHHH aa nO,ll.ol'lpllBaHe na nO'IBata (9&-:-,

102). , ",',' "" '

'" B 3aKJIIOt!¢HHe'rP1l6Ba .na Ka}l{eM, se nanpasenare 6eJlelKKH II nO}l{eJIaHHlI BHHKBK1>BCJfY'laA lie aauaJllIBaT 1iaY'l~aTa CTOHHOCT ,11.8, xmrr ara. MOHorpa4>,RHTa na T. H. Kop06YUlKHH3 e ycnexxaxro 38aBTOpa. raxa H sa' C'bBCTCKB'ra,apXeO-'lorll'l'eCKa HaYKIL '

ct. BHTJI.SiHOB

',;';

cpea THX ce.rranaua eaaa rpyna TBOpOH nacreara rosara ,nJlBCTHKa, CB'bp3aHH nO'lTH H3UHJlO C T'hPI!OBrpa~l. B CJIe,ll.BBIIJ,Hre penoae IIJ,e ce cnpex aa orne, '1aTaHBTa, HaCKOpo CTeaTHTOI»l HK.OHa H3 BOrOpO,ltHUa C MJIB,ZteHcua. MaKap <jlparMeHTHpaHa, HKOH,aTa npeaCraBJIHBa aarepec B, MHoro OTHOUleHHlI ,H 3Ha'lHTeJ)HOrOr.tllCTO, KoeTO II e ioraeaeno HB CTpaHHUItl'e aa cnacanae ApXeOJIOrHlI, e OlJpaB}latlO,

BKJIIO'IBaHeTO B HaY'lHO 06pbIlJ,ell,ae aa HOB naMeTHitK na creaTHTOB8Ta nJIaCTHKa OT T'bpHOBrpa,l.le 3a,li.'bJIJI(HJlO asropsara na ce oraece C Heol'lxO,l{itMaTa

cepH03HOCl' npu TaKHBa CJlY'IaH. He3aBHCHMO OT TOBa 06a'Ie nopann cneuarpaxara aa Ta3H xY,llO)KeCTBeHa TCXHlIKa ca ,Il0nYCHaTH HliKOH rpeunca H HeTO'IHOCTII. OPII noapoeaoro onacaaae na aaxonaara ce c'b06- maaa, 'Ie CTeaTHTOBaTa IIKOHa .. e OIlJla H3pa60TeHa OT none nse, aKO He II noaexe lI.OOpe aapasueaa II nJl'brHO lI.OnpeHII nJiaCTHHlI" (c. 45). 3a TOBa caoe HaOJliO,IleHHe JI. K. ce ()CHOBaBa H na aanaaeaoro lTO p'boa na <l>parMeHTa T'bMHO nerao, ..C,HrypHO OT' JIenHJlOrO, C xoero 1{aCTHTe aa HKOHaTa .ca OHJlH saxpeneaa K'bM lI.bpBeHa'HJlH MeTaJiHa KaceTa", (c. 45), H ome na npaBHJlHO H3paBHeHaTa lI..IICHa CTpaHII~1l aa <jJp~rMeHTa C IIKOHaTIl. Tp1l6Ba senaara na 06'bpHeM BHIIMaHlIe, 'Ie 1I3rJla)KlI.aHeTO e aanpaseao nO-K'bCHO, xoraro IIKOHaTa e 6HJla BC'Ie narpoureaa, .Ba Ha6J1lOlI.eHlIHTa CII B Ta3H uacoxa JI. K. npaseacaa HaOJllOlI.eHIIH aa CJlenH OT oepyureane no apxara Han raaaara na Boroponuua, H31I0JI3YBaHeTO na rreprena OT MaHCTopa. sa 3aCT'bIISaHeTO aa HHMoa na Boronopana OT apxara nopana Hell.OCTaT'b'IHa BIICO'lHHa na (,TeaTHTOBaTa nnosa II ,npyrll TPYll.HII aa lI.OKa3BaHe, HO ne06xo,nHMH aa Hell npauepa, 311 ,na B'bBene B KpaH aa crara ara CII, KaKTO me BH,nHM, 1I3KYCTBeHO npaaneceno OT npyrn xyao:lKeCTBeUH TeXHIIKH II B npyro spexe lIBJleHHe ,.creaTIITOBa KpH3a"2.

Hsaecrno He,nOYMeHHe 6y,nH OOCTOllTeJIC TBOTO, 'Ie anropxara He ce cnapa aa enHH sropa <jJparMeHT OT paaraenaaara TyK IIKOHa. MO)Ke OH TOR e nOCT'bnHJI nO-K'bCHO OT paaxomorre, KOraTO CTaTHliTa e OIlJIa aese Ha6paHa H TeXHII'IeCKH C'bOOpa)KeHHlI ca II nonpesa na ,na npacrsna K'bM eBeHTyaJIHa npepacorxa npa HeroBOTO BKJlIO'IBaHe. Cauara JI. K. cnonen a npen KOJIerH OT <l>HJlH3JIa aa AHM B'bB BeJIIIKO T'bPHOBO, 'Ie e aauepea <jJparMCHT, KOHTO ce ,nQJleIIBil .zio nliCHaTa CTpaHH~a aa HKOHaTa. OPH TOBa rOJIO:lKeHlIe raspaeHHeTO 3a [JianKO H3paBHeHa ,nllCHa CTpaHH~a H sa MOll.eJlHpaHe na HKOHaTa B'bpXy OT,neJlHH CTeaTHTOBH K'bCOBe TpliOBa na ce H30CTaBH. O'bK H non06HH npnMepH He ca H3BeCTHH OT apyrane. 0611CHeHlIe sa H3- raaneaara crpaaaua TpH6Ba aa ce IlOT'bPCII B 3aCBH,neTeJICTBYBaHaTa B T'spaoerpan npaxraxa, xoraro CTeaTHTOBH HII XO)l.KII ce nonaarar aa BTOpH'IIIa oepa- 50TKa3.

OnHT'bT na aaropxa ra ,na npe)l.J10)KH rpa<jJH'IHa peKOHCTpYKf(Hli HI' HKOHal'a no CTHrHaJlHlI lI.O Hac C'bC cpaBHH~HO, MaJiKH pasuepa <jJparMeHT 3aCJlY)KaBa noxaaqa, H TYK 06a'le ce CM'bCKBaMe C HenOCTaT'b'lHO 1I03HaBaHe aa T03H pon naMeTHHf(H H npenyoeneaccr, KOHTO 1I OTBe)KAaT B nenpasanaa nOCOKa. FlpaseneHHTe aHaJIOrHH na Bor-oponuua C neTeTO B'bpXy 6POH- 30B Mo,neJI OT MHXaHJIOBO, CTap03aropCKH oxp sr , H CTeaTHTOBa HKOHa OT XynO)KeCTBCHHlI MY3eH, BHeHa, no rOJlHMa CTelIeH 1I YJleCHHBaT B PCKOH':TpYHpaHe aa npencraaeaaa HKOHorpa<jJCKH CIO)KeT. Be3C'bMHeHO e, 'Ie ce xacae sa HKOHa aa Boroponaua C )l.eTero. 00 He06HCHHMH rrpH'IHHH JI. K. ornasa nO-rOJlHMa noxa- 3aTeJICTBeHa CHJIa ua 6POH30BHlI MOneJl, ornacsui ce B XIII B., a He aa BlIeHCKHlI napanen, C KOHTO HKOaara OT T'spnosrpan 6eJlC)KH noauep raaa OJIlI30CT He caxo \B CTHJIOBO II IIKOHorpa<jJCKO ornourenae, HO H no MaTepHaJl H no nara. no OTHoweHHe aa raria aa H306p~3eHlIre asropxara npeanar a sa cpaBHIITeJIeH Marepaan H HHKOH MOHYMeHTaJlHH naMeTHII~II. KaTO Boroponana OT ,JJ.eHCHcHaTa KOMn0311~HH B uspxsara "CB. Co<jJHlI" B KHeB OT X I B. H H306pa)KeHHe ua Boroponaua OT "CB. CO<jJHlI" B Ilaparpan, narapana B WHpOKHTe rpaanua X-XIII B., 6e3 06a'le )l.a ce C'b00pa3l1Ba B H3Bo,nHTe CH C rs x aa T'bpHOBCKaTa CTeaTHTOBa HKOHa.

He3an03HaTa ,nOCTaT'b'lHO lI.06pe C BH3aHTHHCKaTa CTeaTHTOBa nJiaCTHKa OT nepaona X I-X II B .• JI. K. OrPH'Ia 061U0nplleTH 1I3BOnH aa H3CJ1e,noBareJjH B Ta3H 06J1aCT, KaTO ce onarsa na J1aHCHpa HeO~CHOBaHH

1 M. B a K JI H II 0 B a. OaMeTHHK na cpenno-

BeKOBHara ,npe6Ha nJiaCTHKa. - ApXeOJIOrHH, 1970, 2, c. 47, 06p. 2; 51. H H K 0 JI 0 B a. 0poH3Be,neHH.II aa ,npe6HaTa nJiaCTHKa. - B: Ilapesrpan- T'bPHOB, II. 1974. 269-274; O. C JI a B 'I e B. HKoHa aa

M~eHHlI aa aBTopH4 H B'bBe)K)l.aHe aa noaaras 3a lIBJ1eHHH B xynO)KeCTBeHH.II )KHBOT. KaTO cnOMCHaTaTa "CTeaTHTOBa KpH3a" (c. 50). OTXB'bPJlHHKH MHeHHeTO Ha BH,nHaTa C'bBeTCKa H3KycTBOBe)l.Ka A. B. BaHK 3a npoaaxoaa H ,IlaTaTa aa T'bPHOBCKHlI cTeaTHT5, JI. K. C J1eKa p-sxa HrH~Hpa CTHJlOBH OeJIe3H, xaro opnaMeHTHTe no HHM6a'lI apxara, 3p'bH'IeCTHli Kp'br aa HHM6:i, r'bHKHTe aa Ma<jJopHH. MHOrOnJiaHOBOTo rperapaae na J1H_~eTO, Ha'IHHa na npeacraasae na O'lHTe H Be)K,IlHTe, KaKTO II pennua lI.pyrH neTaRJlII, xapaxrep~3HpalUH KapTHHaTa sa naMeTHH~H or T03H PO)l., H3JIe3JIH OT aTeJIHeTaTa aa Ilapnrpan npes X 1- XII B.

OPII TOBa nOJlO:lKeHHe e J1eCHO OOllCHHMO 3alU0 JI. K. narapa pasrneacnaaaa naMeTHHK B XIII B. H ro npllnllcBa Ha BH3aHTHHCKH MaHcTopH, pa60THJlH B Tvpaosrpaa npea XIII-XIV B. TpH6Ba ,Ila Ka:lKeM, 'Ie nemara He ca raxa H H3T'bKHaTHTe OCHOBaHHH: 3aCT'bnBaHeTO aa HHM6a OT apxara, MaJiKH 1I HaKJIOH na raasara aa Boroponaua H npyra TeXHOJIOrH'IeCKH Hec'bOTBeTCTBH.II, ca C'bBCeM He,llOCTaT'b'IHH, aa na ce OT,IleJiH 1I0BOOTKPHTH.IIT T'bPHOBCKH naMeTHHK OT H3HCKaHHTe TBOp6H aa aTeJIHeTaTa B Ilapur-pan npes Xl-XII B. 3a ,Ila He CMe rOJIOCJlOBHH, OOBHHHBaHKH asropxara B He,llOCTaT'b'IHO n03HaBaHe na MaTepHaJla, me nOCO'lHM onpenenenaero, KoeTO Tli nasa no noaon cpaBHeHHeTO na TO'lKOBHlI.HHTe Kp'bCTOBe no Ma<jJopH.II B'bP xy r nasara na Boropoaaua KaTO oeJIer ,,33 IIHCKO Ka'leCTBeHO H3)1.eJIHe OT Xl-XII B." (c. 49). H TOBa HHCKO Ka'IeCTBO e enaa BeJIHKOJIenHa CTcaTHTOBa IIKoHa C n03JIaTa OT EpMHTa)Ka. Bee B Ta3H lIaCOK&! CMe 3a.zt'bJl)Kellll na H3T'bKHeM onpeaeasunrre xapaxrepna 6eJle3H aa naaeraannre na CTeaTHTOBaTa nnacraxa, neao aa npoBHH~HaJlHH MaHcTopH, KaTO sacrsnaaae aa IIHM60BeTe na H306pa3eHHTe, cxscaaaae nponopnaHTe aa TeJIa,Ta, TeXHOJlOrH'IeCKH CJla60CTH H )l.eljleKTH, aa KOHToaBTopKaTa ce onapa (npHBe)KnaHKH aa npaMep HKOHaTa na CBeTH ,JJ.HMHT'bP OT 4epHoMacTHHua), aa na lI.OKa)Ke T'bpHOBCKaTa H3pa60TKa na pasr.teac,IlaHHlI OT aes naMeTHHK. Tli OTHBa H no-nanex, KaTO CH n03BOJIHBa na YHH<jJH~Hpa B Ta3H lIaCOKa H npyrll H3BeCTHH T'bPHOBCKH CTeaTHTII. .LI:ocTaT'b'IHO e na 06'bpHeM BHHMaHHe aa enna KOJleR~H 1I OT CTeaTIITOBII HKOHH B JIYB'bpa (CB. ,JJ.HMHT'bP, CB. HHKOJIa. CB. 11:oaH 3JIaTOYCT H np.), npH KOHTO HHM60BeTe, nOn06HO na paarnexcnaaara HKOHa, ce 3aCT'bnBaT, a yxpacara no apxara e C'bBCeM emrsxaa C Ta3H no TeXHHTe apKH6•

ABTopKaTa e npaaa OTHOCHO MliCTOTO, KoeTO pasrJle)KlI.aHaTa HKOHa e saexana B lI.eKopaTIIBHHlI ancaM6'bJi aa ~'bPKOBHHlI HHTepHOp, HJlH KaKTO Tli ce H3pa3HBa, KaTO ,,~'bpKOBeH HHBeIlTap" B HHKOH T'bpHOBCKH f('bPKBH. TYK 06a'Ie Tp1l6Ba ome Be)l.H'b)K lI.a H3pa3HM aecsraacae aa lI.aTHpOBKaT8, KOliTO JI. K. npanacsa na T'bpHOBCKaTa Boroponaua, HHMa na ce cnapaue na T03H asnpoc TyK, HO CMe 3all.'bJI)KeHH na Ka)KeM, 'Ie saenuo C 1I11KOll lI.pyrH CTeaTHTOBH TBOp6H OT T'spacarpan pasraescaaaara HaXO)l.Ka npnaanncsca aa npell.CTOJIH'IHHlI nepaon na uspxaara B'bpXY X'bJIMa, na KORTO nO-K'bCHO.B'b3HHKHaJia narpaapma nra. Tpacaa na Ka)KeM, 'Ie H HliKOH lI.pyrH CTeaTHTOBH HaXO)l.KH, npOH3XO)KlI.aIUH OT MaHaCTHpa BeJIHKaTa naspa , CBeTH 4eTHpHneceT M'b'IeHHf(H, MaHaCTHpa OKOJIO uspxsa N2 10 aa X'bJiMa Ilapeaen, nspxaa N2 11 HAp., C'bIUO ce OTHaCHT K'bM TOBa apexe,

B xpas na 6eJIe)KKHTe CH HCKaMe orne Bell.H'b)K na H3T'bKHeM sacnyr-ara aa JI. K. sa TOBa, 'Ie npenocraas aa BHHMaHHeTO aa H3CJ1e,llOBaTeJIHTe aa xYAO)KeCTBeaara xynrypa HOB H anrepecea naMeTIIHK aa CTeaTHTOBaTa nJiaCTHK<l. C6JI'bCKBaHeTO it 06a'Ie aa np sa rrer C HaXOll.KH OT T03H pon He it e n03BOJlHJlO na OTrOBopH npaBHJIHO aa BCH'IKH B'bnpOCH, KOHTO Ta311 3a6eJIe)KHTeJIHa B MHoro OTHoweHHlI raoptia OT T'spaosrpaa nocraas.

CBeTe~ BOIIH OT Ilapeseu X II-X III B. - Apxeo)JorHH, 1977, 3, 60-65; H. A H r e JI 0 B. OpenMeTH, CB'bp33HH C KYJlTa H penarusra. - B: Llapesrpaa-T'spxos, III, 1980, 193-194, 06p. 186; H B. .LI: :lK a M 60 B. HlIKOH TCHlI.eHIlHH B cpeaaose-

45

KOBHOTO H3KYCTBO npes XII-XIV ,B. - CpeanoaeKOBHHSlT 6'bJ1rapCKH rpaa. C., 1980, 219-221; M . .n 0 JIMOB a-JI Y K a HOB C K a. CreaTHTOBa HKOHa aa caereu OT Ilapeaen. - Bexose, 1983, 3, 90-91; K. TOT e B. CTeaTHTOB KP'bCT OT Ilapesen. - BeKOBe, 1980, 5,' 80-82.

2 B. n . .n Ii p K e B H 'I. XY,lI,O}l(eCTBeHHhlA Meraan BOCTOKa. M., 1970, c. 149.

B .SI. H H K 0 JI 0 B a. UHT. C'blf., 269-276; HaMIO,lI,aBaT ce npaxepa, xoraro OT,lI,eJIHH oopa311.H OT CTeaTHTOBH HKOHH ce nonnarar H8"BTopHlfHa ooP8- 60TKa H HaHH38HH na BepH}I(K8 H.1IH WHYP npea npooHrara orrope HM ,lI,ynKa ce HOCliT nposecenn npe,ll, r-sp,lI,HTe KaTO Me,AaJlI.OHH, BH}I(:K. TOT e B • .nee TBOp6H aa CTeaTHTOBaTa nJlaCTHK8 OT T'spaoarpaa. - BeKOBe (no,ll, nesar).

46

4 M. .n 0 JI MOB a-JI Y K a HOB C K II. Crea-

THTOBaTa l1J1aCTHKa B T'spaosrpaa. - B: AKTH na IV Me}l(,lI,YHap0,ll,eH xoarpec no CJllIoa"SlIICKa apxeoaoras B COCPHli npe31980 r. C., 1986; 113KYCTBOTO aa cpeaseaexosno T'b'PHOBO. - UapCTBYBaQlHSlT rpa.ll T'I>PHOB~

C.; 1985, 203-206. ,;., •

• A. B. BaH K. Hexoropsre cxoaaue naMSlT-

HHKH cpeaaeeexoson MeJIKOA nJlaCTHKH, H8A)lellhte' 'B KOHcTaHTHHonoJle, Xepcoaece H B SOJIrapHH.'~ Byzantinobulgarica, VII, 1981, 109-122; npHKJla,AH<k HCKYCCTBO BH3aHTHH IX-XII BB. M., 1978, 89-115;

6 naK TaM, pHC. ·7~.

KOHCTAHTI1H TOT:E~

, J

1 ... ;·;

flpezJleo

Me>KJlYHapOJleH KO'JIOKBHYM "PHTMH' H8 MOHeTHaTa npOJlYKUHH" ,

OT 10 .lI.O

12 'RHyapH 1986 r. B Ilapio« ce C'bCTORII:CIJIOKBHYM aa 'feMa "PHT' MH'elm MOHeTiisTa np0.ll.YKUH R" C xpOHMOrH'IeCKH 06XBaT OT' Haii" .lI.'bJt60Ka.ll.peBHOCT .lI.Cf HIIUlH AHH. Herosara npo6JIeMaTHKa saeaa lite nO'3Ha'lHTeJlHO MRCTO B C'bBpeMeil· nare RYMH3MaTH'IHH, H3CJIe.ll.BaHH H H aa HeR sexe ce rJIe,!la KaTO ira KJIJO'I K'bM pemaeauero na npyra np06JIeMH na MOHeTOce'leHero. KoJIOKBHYM'bT 6e opraHH3HpaH or cl>peHcKHR HaUHOHaJteH uenrsp sa naY'fHH H::lCJIe)lBaHHR, YHHBepCH"!'eTa sa JIYBeH-JIa·HbOB H MyseR "MuHeTaTa ua ITapH)f(". IToKaHeHH '6Rxa OKOJIO 280 Y'leHH or 6JIH30 15cTpaHH, OT KOHTO 55 npeaCT3BHxa .lI.OKJIa.ll.H H HaY'fHH C'bO~ lUeHHR~ B, KOJloKBHYMa Y'faCTBYIIa H K., ;llHMHTPOB OT B'LJItapHR. '

, R .lI.Ba OT'.lI.OKJI8.lJ.HTe 6slxa p81!rJIe.lI.aHH npo!MeMH, CB'bP3SHH C .lI.OMOHeT· HHTC IPoPMH.)I(. B Hap '(PeR) roaopa sa .lI.OMOHeTHK' ~PMH B n pOTOH CTOpHqeeKai, :EBp0lJa. Toli osepra f cj>YHKUHHTe' aa AOMOHe'rHHTe cj>OPMK ·BHKOHOMHqecKOTO pasBHTKe H ce enp Sf noo.T.lI.MIiO aa Halixapaxrepuare rpynH OT TIl KHBa npe.ll.MeTH:MeTaJIHH KJOJI'IeTa, epaxBH, rpHBHH·napH:H MeraJIHH np'b'l' KH.)I(. P H B a JI e H (ITapH>K) ce-cnpsaa cj>YHkUHHTe H8 .lI.0MOHeT· IiH~ nai.reTHHuK;B Acj>pHKa.

Ap xaasnara H KJIaCH'IeCKaTa

enOXH B aHTH'IHOTO MOHeTOCe'leHe 6Rxa OTpa3eHH B .lI.PyrH nsa .11.0- KJI~Jla. MOHeTOCe'leHHRTa aa rp suKHte rpaacae B CHUHJIHSI npes VI-i-V B. np. H. e. 6ua npenCTaBeHH OT P. X 0 JI Y e ii (BpOH, CAI.U). H3'1HCJIRBaHeTO na 06eMa aa TSlXHaTa np0.ll.YKUHSI e 6a3HpaHo npe.ll.liMHO aa npocxeasaaae npoMeHIlTe B 6pOR aa MOHeTHHTe ne'laTH, sa nepaona OT no ner ro.lI.HHH. T. X a K e H (JIYBeH) npenCTaBH e.ll.HH 063'opeH nperaen . na np06JIeMHTe B H3CJIe.ll.BaHHSlTa aa MOHeTHHTe eMHCHH B rp'bUKH R CBRT npes apxaxvaara H xaacasecxara enoxa , Paar JIe.ll.aHH 6S1xa KpHTepHHTe aa YCTaHOBSIBaHe PHTMHq· HOCTTa aa MOHeTHaTa np0.ll.YKUHR:

CTH.nOBH 6eJIe3H, Bp'b3KH Me)f(.lI.Y ne'1aTHTe H ,.lI.p. HacJIeilaaHHJlTa B Ta3Ho6,nacT ce 3aTpY.lI.HIIBaT ,rJIaB' HO, OT JIHlICara HII MOHeTHH csKpOBHlU8 C .lI.ar8, no-panna OT KP!!R aa VI B. np. H., e., KaKTO

H OT HeCHrYPHHTe ,llaTHpOBKH Ha pennua MOHerOCeqeHHII.

EJIHHHCTH'IecKRTe MOHeToce-

'1eHH 1I 6S1xa npe.ll.MeT na HerOJISIM 6poli ,llOKJIa)lH. A. LJ. a a e C H e (ITapH)f() npe.ll.CTaBH npOY'IB2He B'bpXY csxposamero ' OT fJOJIHap (Cpe)lH3eMHOMopCKa TYPUR 1I). csCTOlilUO ce OT 5215 e.JIHHHCTRlJeCKH Cpe6'bpHR MOHeTH. ABTOP'bT ce cnp s na H3'1HCJIeHHlITa na 06eMa na npo.lI.YKUHIITa na TpH rpyna MOHeTH: aa JIarH.lI.HTe, aa Ta3H C ranosere na AJleKCaH.lI.'bP BeJIHKH H' Ha ATaJlH)lHTe. 3al<JIJOqeHH IITa ca, 'Ie MOHeTHTe OT Te3H, tpynR ca UHPKYJIHpaJiH npO.ll'bJtJKHTeJlH'O BpeMe H 'Ie pHT'bM'bT H8npO,1l;YK~HlITa B rexHHTe 8re.JIHeT8 B KpaR H8 IVcpenaraua IIIB. 'np. H. e. e 6HJI MHoro .lI.otSpe perYJIHpaH. IlpoxeHHTe B aero C8 6MJIH npHqHHlI'BaHR OT B'b3HHXB.8Hero 1i8 'HHUH,lleHTHH He06x(),llHMOCTH OT ttoBe'le MOHeTH • ITPOyqB8HHRT8 H JiaB6.l1.HTe aa LJ.aBeCHe Caaa>KRH KaTO MeT0.ll.HX8 38 H3CJIe.ll.BaliHIITII B'bpll;Y HlIKOH MOHeTHH C'bKpOBHlUa OT eJIJlHHcTH'1eCKa TpaKHB. B. X e JI H (IlaPH>K) YlJaCTBYBa C nacneaaaae B'bpxYMOHeTOCe'leHeTO aa TeCaJIHiiCK8T8 xonrpenepauas npea II..,...I B. np. H. e. fJIaBHHSlT np06JIeMKJIaCHcj>HUHpaHeTO na eMHcHHTe, (Ie pa3rJIe,llaH B TliCHa apssxa C HMeHaTa, cj>HrypHpalUH B'bpXY JIHnero H on8KOTo aa MOHeTHTe. Be npeanoacena XHnOTe3a sa TlIXHaTa C'bIUHOCT, nonxpeneua C .lI.aRRH OT nHCMeHHTe H3BOpH. «I» • .lI. e K aJI a r e it (BpJOKCeJI) (Ie nOCBeTHJI .lI.OKJIa.ll.a CH na MOHeTH8r8 nOJIHTHKa aa MHTpH,llaT VI EBnaTOp - e.ll.H H BJlalteTe.JI, qHeTO HMe ce cnoMeHaBa '1ecTO B'bB ap-ssxa C HCTOpaara aa ,TpaKHR rrpes !I-I B, np. H. e. PHT'bM'bT aa npOJlYKUH ara e 6HJI TB'bp.ll.e aepaaaoaepea, KoeTO MHoro y6e.ll.HTe.JIHO 6e 06RcHeHo C BoliHH're RaMHTpH.lI.ar H C neonXOJlHMOCTra OT'. napHqHR cpeacrea, CB'bP3aHH c tRX; )),oKJIa.ll.'bT aa 6'bJIrapcKH, . npe)lCTaBHTeJI K. LJ. H~ M H T po B' (Coct>H 1I)3an03Ha yxaCTHHUHTe B KOJIOKBHYMa C, .lI.HHaCTH'Ieci<'HTe 'MOHetoCe'leHHS! B TpaKHlI rrpes paHHOeJIHHHCTH'IeCKaTa enoxa (340-270 r. np. H. e.), Ha6J1JO.lI.eHHIITa aspxy 06eMa H paT'bMa na npOJlYKuHlIT8 TYK MHoro A06pe O'lepT8BaT xapaxrepacraxara H npenaasaaveaaero aa Te3H MO·

HeTOCeqeHHlI, Paarpaaasaaar ce ra. KH,Ba C JlOKaJIHO H KOHOMH'IeCKO npenaasuaueaae H .lI.pyrH C '1HCTO rrponaraanna POJIR. H30JIHpaH CJlY· '1ali, nJlo.ll. aa cJIY'IalhiH 6JIarOnpH lI'rHR, 06CTOHTeJICTBa, e e,l(RHCTBe· HOTO MOHeTOCeqeHe oT,6JIarop~eH MeTa.n - aa .lI.HHaCTa CKOCTOK B EHoc.

HliKOJIKO .lI.OKJIa.ll.a 3aCTl>lIRXa MOHeTOcelJeHHSlTaB' 3anaJlHa EBpona npena H B Ha'laJIOTO ua pHM' CKaTa HHBa3HlI • Jl, B H JI a p 0 H· r a (Bapueaoaa) aanpasa nperJle,ll aa cpeespaare MOHeToce'1eHHH B HcnaHHR .lI.O cpenara na I I B. np. H. e." KOHTO KJIRCH<pH' IJ.Hpa B HSiKOJIKO rpyna: MOHeTO' cexeae aa eMllopHoHa sa PHM, xapTareHCKH MOHeTOCeqeHHSI, eMHCHH sa paacxara apMHlI H ,llp. M. K a MII 0 (KaTanoHHR) ce cnpa aa MOHeTOCe'leHeTO aa rpaa E6yc (AH. H6M3) OT IV B. np. H. e • .lI.O cpeaara na I B. OT R. e., B KoeTO ce pasrpaHHQaBaT 4 rJIaBijH, nepHQ.lI.a. IT., P H n 0 ~ e 3 (BaJleHUHH) npenCTABH H3'1HCJIeHHH aa MOHeTRara np0,llYKUHlI na aTeJIHeTO aa BaJIeHUHlI npea II-I B. np. H. e. ABrOp'bT paarpaaaxa TpH cepaa cnopea HMeHaTa na MarHcTpaTRTEl-.,

PHMCKOTO peny6JIHKaHcKo M~ HeTOCelJeHe HaMepH MBCTO R .lI.OKJIa,lla aa M. I'b, P.lI. (KeM- 6pH.!I)f(), ' Kobo TpeTHpame o6eMa aa np0,llYKUHlITa My. M. A M a H.lI. P H (Ilapast) paarnena H SlKOH MOHeTOCe'leHHJI no BpeMeTO aa MapK AHToHHA (38-35 r. np. H. e.) B arenaerara aa O-B Kansp, KoPHHT H ATHHa. 06eM'bT HM e cpasHHTeJIHO OrpaHHqeH.

3Ha'lHTeJIHO no-roasx 6poli.ll.o.

KJIa.ll.H saceraaxa np06JIeMH HJIH i!pHMepH: OT pHMCKOTO HMnepaTop, CKO MOHeTOCe'leHe. P. P H If C (JIOH,llOH) aaaece .lI.OKJla.ll. aa rexa "MoHeTHH HaXO.ll.KH H MOHeTHa npo.lI.YKUHSI". Toli ce cnps aa 3HaQe· HHeTO aa HaXO)lKHTe OT cenamara 38 H3'1HCJIJiaaHe n'bpBOHaqaJIHII,H 06eM na MOHeTHaTa, npO,llYKI1.H~. CBOHTe pa3C'bJi<.zleHHR PHlic no.ll.xpena C pe.ll.Hl.{a npauepa OT o6~ JlaCTTa ua HMnepaTopcKoTO MOHeTOCe'leHe. P. )), 'b H K a H'))' )f( 0 H c (KeM6pH)I>K) rOBopH' Bipxy np06JIeMHTe, CB'bp3aHH C'bC aary- 6aT8 aa MeTaJi npa 3JIaTHHTe H cpeespnare MOHeTOCeQeHHR no apeMeTO aa ITpHHU;Hnara. 3aKJIJO'Ie-

,HHHTa My 6HXa asrpaaeaa B'bpXY CpaBHHBaHe TE'rJIaTa aa e,llHH H C'b~H eMHCHH B pa3J1H'IHH C'bKpOBH~a. Ill. I( a P K a C 0 H H )1(. I' e it (ITapHJK) npeacrasaxa CBOH pa60THa XHflOTe33 aa sp'ssxara MeJK,llY IlHPKYJI91lHHTa aa cecrepIlHH aa TpaHH H Xanpaaa cnopea ,llaHHHTe OT C'bKpOBH~eTO OT fap,OHa • .LJ:BaMaTa asropa npaaar onar ,lla YCTaHOBliT nOCJIE',llOBaTeJlHOCTTa aa H3J1H3aHe OT oepaureaae na OT,lleJlHHTe eMHCHH. I( p. 0 JK e (ITa" pHJK) nOCO'lH HHTepeCHH npaaepa aa npO,ll'bJlJKHTeJlHa ynorpeea aa PHMCKH HMnepaTopCKH 6POH30BH MOHeTH B BJlH3KHlI H3TOK. MHOr06poitHHTe KOHTpaMapKH B'bpXY TaKHBa MOHeTH OT ITaJleCTHHa, CHpHli H Apa6HlI C'b~O 6H xa MOrJlH ,lla ce CB'bpJKaT C 06H'IaHHaTa npaxTHKa ,lla ce Y,ll'bJlJKaBa nepaona aa rsxaara yrrorpeoa. I(oHCTaTallHHTe OT HYMH3MarH'IHHTe HaxO,llKH ce rrorasp scaaear H OT HHKO" nHCMeHH H3TO'lHHIlH. A. I( Y H H ill (Karosaue) pasroreaa npo6JIeMHTe H nporaaopexa HTa OKOJlO npoyusaHHlITa aa T. Hap. "MOHera no aeoeXO,llHMOCT" npea enoxara na pannara HMnepHH. CT. M P 0 3 e K (f,llaHCK) aanpaaa nperaea aa HHKOH HCTOpH'IeCKH H enHrpa$CKH cseaenns aa lIBJleHHH B HKOHOMH'IeCKHlI JKHBOT na K'bCHaTa pHMCKa perrydaaxa H HMnepHHTa, ,llaJlH CBOeTO OTpaJKeHHe B'bpXY KOJlH'IeCTBOTO aa MOHeTHaTa nponyxuaa. JI. Ill M H T (ITapHJK) asaece 110KJla.ll aa penxare 3JJaTHH MOHeTH na JIeJ1HaH (06~o 13 H3BeCTHH eK3eMnnapa) H nO-CneIlHaJJHO BbPXY opramrsauaara aa OTCH'IaHeTO HM, MeTpOJlOrHHTa H o6eMa na rrponyxIlHlITa. ITO,l106Ha 6e TeMaTHKaTa aa ,llOKJla,lla aa )1(. M. .LJ: 0 it e H (BpIOKCeJJ), Koitro 3an03Ha rrpacscTBYBa~HTe CbC 3JJaTHHTe MOHeTOcexeaas na Faaaea B PHM, MHJ1aHO H CHCllHlI. ITpE',lICTaBeHH 6Hxa npoY'IBaHHH aa rervrara aa MOHeTHTe. na 6pOH aa MOHeTHHTe ne'laTH H H3'1HCJIeHHH aa o6~oro KOJlH'IeCTBO 6JJarOp0,lleH MeTaJl, npe-

KHHfOflHC

AepaM06a, AHa. Ilpaacropaa, aHTH'IHOCT H Cpe.llHOBeKOBHe na ITJJOB,llHBCKHH Kpaif. YKa3areJi aa JlHTepaTypa. ITJlOB,llilB. Hap. 6H6J1. "HBaH Ba30B", lY85. 223 c.

Ilesaso, 8'bAa. 'iIITy6J1HKallHH aa HaY'IHHTe C'bTPY.llHHIlH na HapoaHHlI apXeOJJOrH'IeCKH MY3eif...,.. ITJlOB.llHB. .LJ:on'bJlHeHHe K'bM 6H6- J1HOrp. cnpasxa, nOMeCTeHa B ,,100 rO,llHHH Hapoaea apxeOJl. MY3eA -

48

sspuar B MOHeTH. )1(. IT. I( a JI 10 (ITapHJK) pasrnena HHHllHaJlHTe na arenaerara B'bpXY 6POH30BOTO MOaeroceseae aa KbCHaTa pHMCKa HMnepas (394-375) KaTO OTpaJKeHHe aa pHThMa na nponyxuaara. )1(. n 10 p JI H a (TYJlY3a) rrpeacraaa H3CJ1e.llBaHHH BbPXY HHKOH ueaa OT IV-V B., H3n()Jl3YBaitKH csnoCTaBHHeTO MeJK,lIY $HJlOJlOrH'IeCKH H HYMH3MaTH'IHlf ,llaHHH. B ,ll0- KJla,lla na B. M H T pea (Byxypem) 6Hxa 3acerHaTHHlIKOH noJlHTH'IeCKH, HKOHOMH'IeCKH H erHorpa$cKH np06J1eMIi, orpaseaa B MOHeTHHTe HaXO,llKH OT .LJ:aKHlI rrpes IV B. Cnopen asropa nponaxaaHeTO na PHMcKHTe MOHeTH B Ta3H oMacT e $YHKllHlI H1\ OTHOUJeHHara MeJK,llY rOTH H pHMJlHHH, He- 3aBHCHMO ,lIaJlH re ca 6HJlH npasTeJICKH, HJlH BpaJK,lle6HH. CTPYKTypaTa na ChKpOBH~aTa OT . .LJ:aKHH Hano,ll06HBa reaa OT TepHTopHHTa na ,llHeWHa lOrocJlaBHH, npOY'IeHH

OT Ha. MHpHHK. '

MOHeTOCe'leHe'rO aa BH3aHTHii:CKaTa HM:nepHH 6e npenxer caxo na e){HH ){OKJlM, H3HeceH OT IT.

~H 0 n Y JI 0 C (JIYBeH). B Hero

6e pasrvreaau pHT1iMa aa MOHeTHHTe eMHCHH npea .rrepaona, VIX B. YCTaHOBeHOTO iIOCTeneHHO Cbxpantaaarre aa MOlleTHaTa npO){YKllHH rrpes T03H rrepaoa ce ,llbJlJKH na "H3BbHMOHeTHH" rrpH'IHHH: o6~0 opaenrapaae na HKOHOMH'IeCKHH JKHBOT aa HMnepHHTa KbM noorpaaasena ynorpeoa aa MOHeTH.

HaH-rOJlHMO BHHMaHHe 6e OTneneao rra np06J1eMHTe aa MOHeTOceseaero B 3arra){Ha Espona rrpes cpeasare BeKOBe. J1.oKJla,llH H3Hecoxa T .. B a ii: C 1. It (BhPKJlH),

)1(. I( JI. PH 1U a p (ITapHJK),

)1( . .LJ: e ii: (ITa pa JK) , M. B 0 M-

rr ep (ITapHJK), 4>. I'<a n e (Map-

CHJlHH), X. 4> pep e, )1(. B.e-

JI 0 6 p, P. B a ii: JI e p. H3Me-

HeHHHTa B rrpO){yKuHlIT8 aa seneIlHaHCKOTO M.OHeTOCe'leHe, non'IHHeHO aa HyJK){HTe aa MeJK){YHapoaaara T'bprOBHlI, 6Hxa rrpocze){eHH OT A. C T a JI (HIO HopK).

ITJlOB){HB. IQ6HJleeH C60pHHK. T. 1." ITJlOB.llHB, 1982, 136-179;-B: 100 rO,llHHH Hapoaez apXeOJlOrH'IeCKH MY3eit, ITJIOB,llHB. IQ6HJleeH c60pHHK. T. 2. ITJlOB){HB, 1982, 136- 179.

JJ.JlCuHzce,Feopeu u Cnac M atuoe. Ap xeOJlOrif'leCKH rrP'PY'I'Ba. HHlI Kpail JIIOTH6po){, Bpa'laHCKH oKpbr. - H3B. MY3eHTe Cesepoaarr. BbJlrapHH, 10, 1985, 37-70.

Ilusucmpoea, Ilopa. Apxeo-

JlOrH'IeCKHTe nar.t_eTHHUH BloB Bpa-

JI. JI are p K B H C T (CTOKXOJlM) rrpeacraaa CBOHTe H a6J1 10- ,lleHHH BbPXY MOHeTH re, IlHPKYJlUpana B illBellHH npea 1000-1600 r., a 4>. T He p 11 ce crrpa aa MOHeTaara npO,llYKUIiH H $HH8HCOBH'I'e KpH3H npa ynpaBJIeHHeTO aa KHTaiicKaTa ){HHaCTHH Taar (V II ~ X B.). )K . .LJ: e n e p 0 (ITapHJK) Hanpasa 0630peH IIperJle){ aa OTHOnreaaara MOHeTH-lleHH npes nepaona OT pHMCKaTa HMnepaTopCKa enoxa',lIO XI X B. OCTaHaJlHTe noKJla){H rperapaxa pa3J1H'IHH npo- 6J1eMH' B MOHeTOCe'leHeTO B rrepaoaa XVII-XX B. Ha $oHa aa 06~aTa TeH){eHIlHH pa3J1H'IHHTe MOHeTOCe'leHHlI ){a ce npencraaar raaaHO xpes CTaTHCTH'IeCKH .llaHHH ce orxpoaxa ){Ba ){OKJla){a. B THX 6e aKueHTHpaHO B'bpXY TeXHHKaTa aa H3rOTBHHe Ha MOHeTHHTe ne'laTH H ascaensaae YCJlOBHHTa sa THXHOT{)

H3HOCBaHe - BaJKeH MQMeRT npH

TO'lHOTO H3'1HCJllIBaHe npOH3BO,ll-

CTBeHHlI xananarer aa ~aTpHIlHre. B ){OKJla){a aa I(. F P 10 e JI, 1\1.. B a p a II H M. B e ii 0 H oe noCO'leHO, 'Ie 6HJlOHOBH H){pa C enaaKbB CbCTaB aa Me.raJla, ynorpedsBaHH B KeJlTCKOTO MOHeTOCe'leHe IIpe3 IV B. np. H. e. MoraT ,lla·I1MaT a6COJIIOTHO pa3JIH'IHa MeTaJlorpa$H'IHa CTpYKTypa H .lIa H3HOCBaT B pa3J1H'IHa crerrea 6POH30BHTe MaTPHUH aa OTCH'IaHe aa MOHeTHTe', M . .LJ: e H H H (napHll<) npeacrasa cHcTeMaTH3H.paHO CJlY'IaH' na CJIe,llH B'bpXY OTJlH'IHO aanaseaa MOHeTH. no KOHTO MoraT ){a ce a~3CTaHOBlIT nO){p06HOCTH OT nspatiornauero aa MOHeTHHTe ne'lalH - Bbnpoc, KOHToBce otue e TBbp.lle CJIa60 paspadorea.

AKTHTe aa KOJl.oKBHYMa, KOHTo me 6h){aT ny6,11HKYBaHH OT YHHaepcarera B JIYBeH-.1Ia-HbOB, HeC'bMHeI{O me 6b,llaT H3TO'lHHK aa ueHHa HH$oPMaI.lH H H ~}KHO MeTa,llH'IecKO. p'bKOBOn;CTBO sa <6·&.lle~HTe HYMH3MaTH'IHH npOY'IBaHHlf. '

KAMER LIHMHTPOB

'IaHCKIt oxpur. C., 1985. 101 c. C HJI.

/(uMumpoea-MuA'leea, AA. CT.

H. C. MapHH l.JH'IHKOBa aa 60 ro,lIHHH.- Apxeoaoras, 1985, M 4, 58-59.. '

Hcmopun na /(06pya.JlCa. (,H3" caensaae]. T. 1. C., BAH, 1984.

ABT.: X. TO.llOpOBaH ap.

Peu.: MHxaHJI JIli3apoB. -

.LJ:06PY){JKa,. 2, 1985, 201-206.

Kameecku, Hsua«. Bb3MOJK-

HOCTH aa reO<pH3H'IHHTe MeTO){H npa

npoyxaaue na apxeoaorasecxa MeKTH. - B: CeBepOH3TO'lHa D'bJlrapus - ,lI.peBHOCT H csapexae. C., 1985, 280-287.

KO.ll£oapoo, Ilenrsp, I1MeTO MaKe,lI.OHIISI B IICTOpH'IeCKaTa reorpa<pIISI. C., HaYKa H HaKY£TBo, 1985.

210 c. .

Mymarfj'lUe6, Tlemep. HCTOPIISI aa 6'bJlrapCKHSI aapoa (681-1323). Pea. BaeHJI flO3eJJeB. C., DAH, 1986. 384 c.

HauOeHo6a, B. TIPo<PecHSI -

npH3BaHHe. - Apxeoaora s, 1985, N24, 59-60.

TIo 1l0BO,ll. 60-rO,ll.HllIHHHaTa aa CT. H. C. Mar,ll.aJlHHa CTaH'IeBa.

Ilemxoe, AeeycmUH. I'eopa-

3H'IHH MeTOJ(H B npOY1JBaHeTO na apXeOJlOrH'IeCKHfl pesepsar ",SIiiaara". - B: CeBepOH3T01JHa D'bJIrapz s - J(peBHOCT H C'bBpeMHe. C., 1985, 328-337.

C ljaXO,ll.KH OT 6POH30BaTa enoxa J(O panaoro cpenaosexosae.

Ilopooeanoe, Kanan. 113cJleJ(-

BaHHlITa no xopcxa HCTOPHlI B CeBepOIl31'01JHa D'bJirapHfl. TIOCTH}KeHHlI H npo6JJeMH. - B: CesePOH3T01JHa D'bJlI'apIUI -- ,lI.peBHOCTH csapeaae, C., 1985, 259....,.264.

llpolCOn08, HMI. PeaY.llT3'FH OT npoyssanero na TP3J(HIlHOHHaTa MopcKa KyJlTypa no)J,oopYAlK3HCKOTO KpaMpe>KHe npes 1979 H 1980 r onaaa. - B: CeseponsT01JHa D'bJirapHlI - ,lI.peBHOC1' II C'bBpeMHe. C., 1985, 237--242.

Ca/lKUH, AceH. ApxeoxoraseCKH KOMnJleKC ",SIiiJlaTa". TIp06J1eMH il npoY1JB3HHfl. - B: CesePOH3- TOlIHa D'bJII'apHlI -- ,llpeBHOC1' H csnpeuae. C.; ,1985, 77-82.

-Haxoaxa OT npaacropanecxara enoxa ,lI.0 paHHoTo Cpe,ll.HOBeKoBHe.

X X X «auuonanna apxeosoeusecsa «ondiepenuun e C/lUeeH.Apxeonoras, 1985, N2 4, 55-56.

l[ U.w6y.feea, )f(aHa. MecaM-

6PHSI -MeceMBpHSI-Hece6'bp. Mope, 1-2, 1984, 316-327.

lOpYlWfJa, RopiJaHlCa. Borar

TBOp'leCKH n'bT. -- HYMH3MaTHKa, 1986, N1! 1, 3~6.

TIo nosoa 70"roAHWHHR3T3Ha npoe, HBaH .BeHe,ll.HKoB.

Neustupnq, E. Demografie

pravekych pohreblst, Praha, 1983.

3a npIIJlO}KHMOCTTa aa MareMaTH1JeCKH MO,ll.eJJH, q,OpMyJlH II paBeHCTBa cnpHMo q,parMeHTapHIISI apXeOJlOrH'leCKH MarepHaJl.

Peu.: Xeapaera Tonoposa. - Apxeonora a, 1985, N2 4, 47-48.

Todorooa, Elisaveta. Au sujet de 1a geographie historique du delta danubian. - Etud. balk., 1986, N I, 57-67.

TIpe3 .aHTII'lHOCTTa II cpeanoseKOBlleTO.

TIpaH(,TopH5I

B/laX06, Kupus, Ilyxnynesa

- TIJlOB,lI.IIB, l'.ll.HO or Haii'cTapHTe yxpenenn cenaura a EBpona.B: 100 rO.llIlHII Hapoaea ap xeonorllqeCKII MY3eii, TIJlOB)l.HB. I06Haeea , C60pHHK. T. 2. nJlOBAHB, 1985, 63-68.

7 Apxeo.norHII, I, 1987

I'auoe, Hean. KpeM'h'lHHflT ancaM6'bJl OT HeOJlHTHOrO CeJlHlII,e Y CeeTO. TexHHKO-THnOJl()FH'IeCKa xapaxrepacraxa. - )J,06pYJUKa, 2, 1985, 105-115.

Fepeoe, BeH~U{;.w8, Hea« Faqoe u Ceo6ooa Cupasoea. KpeM'h'lHH Op'b,ll.HH OT npaucropaseCKOTO CeJlHlII,e B M. PeAYTHte npll c. Tennur, nJleBeHCKH OKp'hr.H3B. MY3l'HTe Cesepoaan. fi'bJlrapa s, 10, 1985, 9-23.

Ilussoe, Tooop, fl. Bosaocue« X. Toiiopoea, Ilpaacropaxecxa HeKpOnOJl KpaH c.)lypaHKyJlaK, TOJl6YXIIHCKII OKp'br.- )l06pyA>Ka, 1, 1984, 74-88.

Heanoea, Cmetpsa u Hea« Faq08. K'bCHOnaJleOJlHrHO HaXO,ll.HlII,e OT xpas aa UJleilCTOneHa B OKOJlHOCTHTe aa x. "OP<Peil", Cpenna Po)lOllH. - 113B. MY3ellTe IO>K. D'bJlrapaa, 11, 1985, 65-76.

Bopoaeoe, RopoaH A/I. AHrponoaora sna ,lI.aHHH sa norpeoaHHTe B MOI'IIJ1HlIlI HeKpOnOJl OT panaara 6poH30Ba enoxa J(O c. IlaaxaAOJI, T0JI6YXIIHCKH oxpsr. - B:

CeBepoH3TOQHa D'bJirapHli - J(peBHOCT H e1.BpeMHe. C., 1985, 32-39.

KO/U!8G, Bucmpa. Flocenamea }KHBOT B Ceaepcsananaa TpaKIISI VI-II XII.II. np. H. e. - B: 100 I'O,ll.IIHH Hapoaea apxeoaoraxecxa MY3eii, TIJlOB,lI.HB. 10611J1eeH coopHHK. T. 2. nJIOB,lI.IIB, 1985, 57-62.

Ilanaaomoe, NeaH. MOI'IIJ1HHlIT HeKpOnOJl )1.0 c. TIJla1JHJ(OJI, TOJl- 6YXIIHCKII oxp sr H np06J1eMIlTe na HMHaTa KyJITypa B D'bJIrapIIH.B: CeBepOH3TO'lHa D'bJirapIISI - apesnocr H C'hBpeMHe. C., 1985, 27-31.

Ilanaaomoe, NoaH. no B'hUpOCa sa KYJlTypHTe na 6pOH30BaTa enoxa B 6'bJlrapCKIITe 3eMH. - B: 100 rO,ll.HHH Hapoaen ap xeoaoruuecxa MY3eii nJlOB,lI.IIB. I06HJleeH ceopHIIK. T. 2. TIJlOIl,ll.J1B, 1985, 69-86.

Iledxoe, AmaHac AA. OoureCTBeHa noorponxa OT paaaoseoJlHTHO CeJlHlII,e B rp. K'bp,ll.>KaJlH. - B: 100 rO,ll.IIHII Hapoaea apXeOJlOI'HqeCKR MY3eHf TIJIOB,lI.HB. 10611J1eeH c60pHHK. T. 2. TIJiOB)lIlB, 1985, 49-56.

CK.(lK.{fH., H.M. HOBi ,lI.aHi npo p33BHTOK BII p06J1HIl1'Ba B enoxy eaeoai ry aa repn ropi i Bonrapii. - ApxeOJloI'iSI. (KII1B) 1985, N2 52, 33--41.

Tooopoea, Xenpuema. feTIIKa npes npaacropaxecxa-ra enoxa.B: CesepoH3TO'IHa D'hilraplISI - ,lI.peBHOCT H csapeaae. C., 1985, 12-20.

Tooopoea, Xenpuema. KyJITypara Bapaa B )l06pYJl.>Ka. ETHoKYJlTYpHO c'h,ll'bp>KaHlle, reHe3HC II HCTOpH1JeCKO MlICTO. - )l06pY,ll.}Ka, 2, 1985, 42-47, 5 JI. Ta6J1.

Tooopoea, Xespuema u To-

Bop pUMoe. Ceanuie OT K'bCHaTa 6pOH30Ba enoxa aa [OJleMlIlI ocrpos npa ceno )J,ypaHKYJlaK, TonoyXIIHCKH OKP'br. - B: Cesepoasrosaa fi'bJiraplIH -'-, ,lI.peSHOC1' H C'bBpeMHe. C., 1985, 21-26.

l[oxaOalCueB, Cmetpa«, Ilpa-

HCTOpH'leCKH1'e aCTpoHOMH. Ilccae-

)lH1'e aa aan-orapara veaponencxa UIIBHJlH3anHlI. - Ore'leCTBO, 1986, _Ng 7, 32~33.

Xanoreaa sa xaneanap ornpena 7000 rO,ll.IIHII OT c. CJlaTHHa, KIO' C\{~H,lI.HJlCKH oxpsr.

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Garasanin, Milutin. Considerations sur l a transition du neolithi que a l'Age du bronze dans l a peninsule balkani que. - In:

L'eneolithique etle debut de I 'Age du bronze dans certaines regions de I 'Europe. Wroc)awetc., 1985, 11-19. (Prace komisji archeologicznej, 24).

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Pavuk, J. et M. (Jochadziet·.

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Quitta, Hans. Radtokarbon

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Roman, Petre 1. Probleme ill legatura cu perioada timpurie a epocll bronzului si inceputurile culturii Otomani. - SCIV, 1984, 266-274.

Willms, Christoph. sche Lowenplastiken rien'? - Germania, No I, 139-144.

Anf:'olithiaus Bulga- 64, 1986,

Bamassuee, Feopeu. AHTHqHa MHTOJIOrHR. CnpaBOqHHK. C., ,[{-p II. Bepoa, 1985. 183 c. 24 JI. HJI.

B06'4eoa, JJI06Ka. Fera npes I XHJIRAOJIeTHe np. H. e. na repaTopHRTa 'aa AHemHHR TOJI6YXHHCKH OKp'hr (no apXeOJIOrHqeCKH AaHHH). - B: CeBepOH3ToqHa B'hJIrapHR

- npeaaocr H C'hBpeMHe. C., 1985,

39-48.

Bomeea, JI,uAflHa. 06pOqHH naMeTHHIJ:H OT CBeTHJIHn.t;eTO aa ACKJIenHA J]HMeHoc KpaA CJIHBHHIJ:a, Co<pHACKH OKp'hr. - ApXeOJIOrHSJ, 1985, N2 4, 31-38.

Bpeiioe, Hpuc ¢oH. IlanapyCHTe KaTO HCTOpHtfeCKH H3BOpH. -Thracia antiqua, 8, 1982,29-34.

Bassunoea, Mapeapuma. IlpeMHHaBaHe Ha HRKOH rpa,ncKH u:eHrpose B TpaKHH OT aHTHtfHOCTTa K'hM cpeaaoaexoaaero. - B; 100 rO)l.llHH Hapoaea apXeOJIOrHtfeCKH MY3eii. IIJIOBAHB. I06HJIeeH coopHHK. T. 2. IIJIOBAHB, 1985, 143- 152.

Bacaseea, Buosema. POJIRTa aa 'rpaKHlIcKHR nap H HerOBHTe xopa B HKOHOMHKaTa aa TpaKHAcKoTO 06- w;eCTBO. - Thracia antiqua, 8, 1982, 66-78.

BacUA'tUH, Hea«. AHTHqHH xaMeHH~ xaBaHH OT TOJI6YXHHCKH OKpsr. -:- )J.06PYA)Ka, 2, 1985, 116- 119, 1 JI. Ta6JJ.

BacUA'4UH, Hean, IIorpe6aJIHH o6HqaH H c'hOp'h)KeHHR B TpaKHiiCKHR HeKpOnOJI UpH c. KparYJIeBO,

TOJI6YXHHCKH OKP'hf. - B: Ce-

BepOH3TOqHa B'hJIrapHH - ApeB-

HOCT H csapexae. C., 1985, 321- 327.

BeAKOB, BeAu3Up. K'hM HCTO-

pHRTa H HKOHOMHKaTa aa TpaKHHCKHR rpaA Ka6HJIe npea IV-III B. np. H. e. - B: I06HJIeeH C60PHHK B seer aa axaaexax JlHMHT'hP Kocea. C., 1985, 23-28.

BeHeaUKOfJ, Hea«. 3ara,n'hq-

HHHT C'hA. - B: HYMH3M8THK8. C6. ,lI.OKJI. no np06J1eMH aa aHTHqaara H cpenaoa. HYMH3MaTHKa H Me,naJlHCTHKa. 4. 1. C., 1985, 13-18.

TpH,neJlHHHT C'h,ll. OT B'hJlqHTP'hHCKOTO C'hKpOBHw;e.

BeHeaUKOB, HBaH. CTaTYRTa aa PHMCKH HMnepaTop OT MaJl'hK IlpeCJlaBeIJ:. -113B. HaIJ:. HCTOp. MY3eH,

5, 1985, 93-106. .

BAaxOO, KUpUA. KYJlTYPHo-e3HKOBO HaCJle,lI.CTBO B CesePOH3TOqHa fi'hJlrapHH'. - B: Ceeepeearosaa B'bJIrapHH' - ApeBHQCT H csapeMHe. C., 1985, 198-205.

PeJIHKTH OT TpaKHHcKHR e3HK. Beseea, IOAufl. Cneaara norpe6aJIHO yromeaae B IIJlOBAHBCKaTa r poenaua. - IIp06J1. H3- KYCTBOTO, 1985, N2 2, 46-56.

B'ueea, IOAufl. CTPYKTypHHHT CTHJI B ,neKopaU;HHTa aa TpaKHHCKHTe rp06HHIJ:H OT xaacasecxara H eJJHHHCTHqeCKaTa enoxa. - ApXeOJIOrHH, 1985, N2 4, 18-23.

Feopeueea, P'IMflHa U Hea«

B'b'4sapos. HOBH ,lI.aHHH3a nOCeJJHW;HHR )KHBOT IIpe3 I XHJI. np. H. e. B CHJIHCTpeHcKH oxpsr. - B: CeBepOH3TOqHa B'hJlfapHH - ApeBHOCT H C'hBpeMHe. C., 1985, 65-:-76.

Fepoe, Bopuc. 3eMeBJIBAeHHerO B PHMCKa TpaKHH H .MH3HH (1- III B.). C., YHHB. nex., 1980. 173 c. (fo,n. CY. <l>aK. KJIaC. H HOBH CPHJlOJI., 72, 1980, M 2).

Rez.: Alexandru Avram. -

SCIV, 35, 1984, No 3, 278-279.

Funee, Teopeu, IIpoyqBaHHH aa aaarpooaa MOrHJIa npa CeJJO KpaJIeBO, T'sproaamxa OKP'br. - B:

CeBepoH3TOqHa B'hJIrapHH - ,npeBHOCT H csapeaae. C., 1985, 168- 174.

I'opoano«. ll. ABCTPHiicKH apXeOJIOrH1JeCKH passonxa na HaArp06HH MOrHJIH B IIJIOB,nHBCKO npes 1871 r. - B: 100 rO,ll.HHH Hapoaea apXeOJIOrHqeCKH MY3eii, IIJlOB,nHB. IQ6HJIeeH c60pHHK. T. 2. IIJlOB,nHB, 1985, 198-209.

rop6aH08, Ilemep, P'hKaTaOT cnOHOBa KOCT OT c. Kpacea, TOJI- 6YXHHCKO. - B: CeBepOH3T01JHa B'bJIrapHA' - apeaaocr H csspeNHe. C.,. 1985, 233-237.

CnpsaHa C KYJlTa K'hM TpaKHACKHH' KOHHHK.

F0'4esa, 3Aamosapa. KYJIT'hT

K'bM TpaKKllcKHSI KOHHHK aa repaTOpHRTa aa rerare, - B: CeaepoH3TOqHa B'hJIrapHR - 1lpeBHOCT H csapeuae. C., 1985, 189-197.

r0'4esa, 3I1am03apa. IIpo6JIeMH

HaaHTHqHOTO HSBopo3HaHHe. -

Thracia antiqua, 8, 1982, 5-11.

Foeeea, Bsamasapa. PeJIHrH03- HHHT )KHBOT a:i>B HJIHnOrrOJI npea paxcxara enoxa, - B: 100 ro,nHHH Hapoaea , apXeOJIOrHqeCKH MY3eH, IIJIOBAHB •. · I06HJIeeH cocpHHK. T. 2. IIJIOBAHB, 1985, 102- 113.

JI,aMflHos, Cmeipa«. IIp06JIeMH H npoysaanas aa K'hCHOaHTHqHHH rpan npa c. BOHBO,ll.a, llIYMeHCKH oxp'sr. - B: CeBepoH3TOqHa fi'bJIrapHR - ,npeBHocT H csspeaae. C., 1985, 253-258.

Ilu uumpoe, MapuH. PaHHOBH- 3aHTHHcKH YKpenJIeHHH no aanaaHHR 6pRr aa 4epHO Mope (VVII B.). - ,[{06py,n)Ka, 2, 1985, 120-128.

JI,uMumpos, MapuH. YKpeneHH rpanose no sanaaaas 6pHr aa YepHo MopelIpe3 paHHoBH3aHTHHCKaTa enoxa (]l0 H,nBaHeTO na acnapyxosare 6'hJIrapH). - B: 100 ro)l.HHH Hapoaea apXeOJIOrH1JeCKH My- 3eA, IIJlOB]lHB, I06HJIeeH C60pHHK.

T. 2. IIJIOB)l.HB, 1985, 133-142. )l(eKOBa, Fanuna. KYJIT'hT aa Xepas s.n B 6'hJIrapCKHre 3eMH.Thracia antiqua, 8, 1982, 86-92.

3iJpasK08U, 3AamO:JICUOKa. feroeJJHHCKHTe B3aHMOOTHOrneHHH B 06- JIaCTTa aa KYJlTypaTa B AOPHMCKHR nepaoa. - H: CeBepoH3TO'IHa B'hJIrapaa - ApeBHOCT H csapeaae. C., 1985, 138-147.

HsaHQ8, JI,uAtum'bp. TpaKHTe B PyceHcKHR KpaA npes I XHJIH',lI.OJIeTHe IIpe,ll.H HOBaTa epa. - B: CeBepOH3TOqHa B'bJIrapHH - ApeBHOCT H csapeaae, C., 1985, 57-64.

HBaHQ8, Heas: H. K'bM ssnpoca aa KYJITOBo·06peAHaTa CHCTeMa aa TpaKHTe B Pyceacxa oxp sr. - B:

CeBepoH3TOqHa B'hJIrapHR - ,lI.peBHOCT H csspexae. C., 1985, 243-

252. .

Hsuee, Bopuc. JIereHAH H npe,lI.aHHJI 3a TeKeTO ,[{eMHp 6a6a, crapo TpaKHicJ[o CBeTHJlHw;e B JIY,ll.oropHeTO. - B: CeBepoR3TOqHa B'bJIrapaa - ,npeBHOCT R csspeaae, C., 1985, 222-228.

BOpaaH08, KUpUA. Cesepoas-

T01JHa TpaKHR B rrpeapaacxara enoxa. - HYMH3MaTHKa, 1986, Nv 1, 6-11.

BOpaaH08, KUpUA. Ilearpose aa 1I000HTHqeCKH )KHBOT B reTCKHTe 3eMK. - B: CeBepoH3TOQHa B'hJIrapa a ~ .ll.peBHOcT H csapexae. C., 1985, 109-120.

Ka6aK'tUeBa, Fepeana, Kepa-

MHKa OT BHJlaTa DpH I1BaHJIOBrpa.ll., II-IV B. C., BAH, 1986. 160 c. C HJI. (Pa3KorrKH H rrpoy1JB8HHR. 15).

KaAORHoe, Cmasuuup, CesepoH3TOqHa TpaKHH npes IV-III B. up. H. e. - B: CeBepOH3T01JHa B'hJI-

rapaa - .ll.peBHOcT H C'bBpeMHe.

C., 1985, 121-131. .

KaAoflH08, Cmanuuup, Tpa-

KHTe B apMHHTa aa AJieKcaH,n'bp MaKe,ll.OHCKH. - Thracia anriqua, 8, 1982, 12-20.

Kasosnoe, Cmanuuup, Xy,no. )KeCTBeHa xepaaaxa OT OKOJIHOCTHTe aa A6pHTYC. - Thracia anti qua, 8, 1982, 79-85.

KapblUlKoeCf<ua, tt. O. U H. E.

KAeUMaH. J(peBHHli ropoa Tapa, Hcropuxo-apxeoaoraxecxaf O'lepK. KHeB, HaYKOBa ,nYMKa, 1985. 160 c. C HJI .

. B ror. 5 pa3rJlelK,na npH,IIBHlKBaHeTO na pHMJlBHHTe K'bM J(OJIeH J(YHaB H C'b3,naBaHeTO na npoSHIIUHB MH3HB.

KecIIKooa, EAeHa. BO,ll.ocHa6,nBBaHeTO na 4>HJlUnOnOJlHC npea PHMcKIITa H K'bCHOaHTH'Ilfa enOXH. - B: 100 ro,aHIIH Haponea apxeOJlOrH'IeCKH MY3eA, ITJlOBllRB. JO(iHJleeH C60pHRK. T. 2. ITJlOBllRB, 1985, 114-126.

KOAee, KaMeH. J(peBHOTpaKHACKRII'r lKeneseH Me'l POMcPeB. - B:

CesepoH3TO'JHa D'bJIrapHB - llpeBHOCT R csspexae. C., 1985, 306- 320.

Kmcmeea, MapAeHa. TpaKHHCKR aarpsnaaua (V -IV B. np, H. e.) OT CeBepOR3TO'lHa D'bJlrapRB. - B: CeBepOH3TO'lHa D'bJlrapHS! - npesnocr H C'bBpeMHe. C., 1985, 154-158.

KYH, HUK()Aatl A. Craporpsnxn MRTOBe H JlereHllH. ITpeB. OT PVc. HHKoJla M'bHKOB. meCTO H3,n. C., HaYKa H H3KycTBo,1985. 416 c. C HJI.

Jlasapoe, MuxauA U H8aH E7>'leapoe. HOBR ,naHHH sa npe,npRMcKHII J(YPOCTOPYM. - J(06pyJilKa, 1, 1984, 89-93.

Haxonxa OT aMcPoPH or IV B. np, H. e.

Jlasoea. lleeme. ITposRHUHB

J(OJlHa MH3HB R TeH,nellD.HH aa J(y.iJTypHOTO if pa3BHTHe "pes K'LcHOalfTH'IHaraenOxa fIV"';_V B'). ~ B:

CeBepOIiSTO'IHa 15'bJ1rapHB- npeBHOCT Ii C'bBJ>eMHe. C., 1985, 296- 305.

MaotJICapoo, MumKo. HOBOOT-

KpHTH KYJlTOBH crpa,nH B XHcap H neroeara OKOJIHOCT. - HSB. MY- 3eHTe IOlK. D'bJlrapHB, 11, 1985, 89-96.

MaAUHZyaUC, tfJeiJOH. 3a MaTepaansara KyJtTYpa ua paHHOCJIaBIIHCKHTe nneMefla.B r"puufl.HITp, 1985, Nt 9-10, 64-71.

MapKoe, KUpUA. POMaHlIs811HfI H eJIHHH3aUHfI B HalIIHTe SeMH (1- III B.). - B: CeBepOHSTO'IH8 O'bJlrapaa - .llpeBHOCT H C1>BpeMHe. C., 1985, 175-182.

MUA'le8a, P. II MelK,nYHap0.llHa KOHt!JepeHUHB no PHMCKHB nopTpeT,C'bCTOIIJla ce B PHM. - ApxeMorHII, 1985, :Nil 4, 56-58.

Mumeea, Hesu, ITpOOJIeMH sa "poMauHsaUHIITa" ("eJlHHHSaUHIITa") cnopea H3BOPH sa CesepoaaTO'lHa D'bJIrapHIi npea I1-epe,nar"3 na IV B. - B: CeBepOHSTO'lHa Bsara pH II - ,npeBHOCT H C'bBpeMRe. C., 1985, 206-214.

MuxauAoe, Amanac uMa-

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HaCliJeHooa, B'&p6uHKa. HIIKOH np06JIeMH aa MRTpaR3Ma B'bB 4>HJlRnOnOJI R HerOB3Ta OKOJIHOCT. - B; 100 ronaua Haponea ap xeonorH'IeCKH My3eH, ITJlOB,nHB. 106RJleeH

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,aepMeHa:JICUee, Xpuemo fl. Me}laJl'b~, C KORTO e Harpa}leHO 3HaMeTO aa HTaJlHaHCKHTe }l06POBOJlU.H B C'bp6CKO~6'bJlrapCKaTa BOHHa

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3a HaY'lHHH if npnaoc B peuraaaaero aa. 'npo6.neMHTe na 6'bJlrapcxara HYMH3MaTHKa.c

, flne8, PHltO. 3}lpaBeHOcHH 60- lKeCTBa B'bpXY ,naYTaJIHAcKHTe MOHeTH. - B: HYMH3MaTHlJHa KOH¢epeHIlHH .. IlaYTaJlHH'83". I. ,noKJIa}lH , 17 '!{eK. t 985 r. rp, KIO' -CTeH}lHJI. c., 1985, 10-'15.

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TIo errHrpacpcKH .II rrHCMeHH )(aHHH.

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CT. TIETPOBA

55

C'bn'bP)I(AHHE

CTATI1I1

Ilemx I'eopeueea - MaTepllaJIfI OT npeXO,!!.HHlI nepaon MeJK,!l.Y KaMeHHOMe.!l.HaTa H 6pOH30~ sara erroxa OT Cesepna B'hJIrapHli (npo6-

JIeMH Ha npOY'IBaHeTO) . . . . 1

TOHKa MuxauAoea - Cq,epoKoHYCH OT nJIHCKa IS

MATEPI1AJIH 11, CbOBmEHI15I

IOAUJI BO:JICUHOea, Basepu PycuHoe - TPH HaArpo6HH naMeTHHKa OT JlOJIHHaTa aa Cpensa

CTPYMa. • • . . . . . • • . . • • • • . . 24

Hean fiopaaxoe, Feopeu ruIU!(J - C'hKpOBHme

OT BH3aHTHHcKH rrepnepa OT c. naH,!!.YillKo, T'hprOBHmKH OKp'hr. . • . . . • . . • . • 27

Cmedxu« CMRa08CKU - EnHrpa<PcKO-TeKCTOJIO-

rH'IHH ,!!.06aBKH 8'bpXY ome ABa H8,!!.TIHCa (3) 38

KPI1TI1KA H PE~EH31111

Benusap Bessoe - R e nat e P ill i n g e r (Hrsg.). Spataritike und friihbyzantinische Kultur Bulgariens zwischen Orient und Okzident. Relerate, gehalten im Rahmen eines gemeinsamen mi t dem Bulgarischen Forschungsinstitut in Osterreich organisierten Arbeitsgespraches. (Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Schriften der Balkankornrnission. Antiquarische Abteilung. XVI). Wien 1986. 124 p .•.... 41

Xenpuema Todopoea - B. 11. Map K e B H 'I.

BJIH3KOe H nanexoe. KH um HeB, 1985. 45 c. TeKCT ua MOJI,!!.aSCKH, PYCKH H aHrJIHHCKH,

207 u.BeTHH HJIJOCTpaU.HH . . . . • • • . • 42

CmOJIH Bumsnsoe - T. H. K 0 p 06 Y ill K HH a. 3eMe,ll,eJIHe H8 TepHTopHH BeJI0PYCCHH B X-X I II BB., MHHCK, HaYKa H TeXHHKa,

1979. 115 c., 5 Ta6JI., 23 pHC. . .•.. 43

KOH.cmaHmUH Tomes - JI H ,!!. H 1I K B H H T o.

Crearnrosa HKOHa aa Boroponana C MJIa,!!.eaeua OT T'spaosrpan.c-, ApXeOJIOrHlI, XXVII,

1985, 2, c. 45-53 44

rtr-sr JIELI.

KaMeH Iluscumpoe - Me)KAYHap0,ll,eH KOJIOKBHYM "PHTMH Ha MOHeTHaTa npoayxnaa'' • • . • 47

Knaronac • • • . . . • . . • . . . . . . • • 48

TABLE DES MAT IE RES

ARTICLES

Petja Georgieua - Materiaux de l a pefiode 'transitoire entre l'Age de pierre et de culvreet I'ilgede bronze de I a Bulgarie de Nord (pro-

blernes de I 'etude) ...•..•..•• 15

Tonka Mihajlooa - Cones spherf ques de Pliska 23

MATERIAUX ET COMMUNICATIONS

Julia Boitnooa, Valeri Rusinoo - Trois monuments turnul aires de la val lee de la Struma

moyenne ..•............ 26

Ivan Jordanov. Georgi Gineu - Tresor de per-

peres byzantins du village Pajdusko, depar-

tement de Targoviste 38

Stefan Smjadoosk! - Supplements epigrapho-

textologiques sur encore deux inscriptions (3) 40

CRITIQUE ET COMPTES RENDUS

Yelizar Velkoo - Renate Pillinger (Hrsg.). Spa tantike und friihbyzantinische Kultur Bulgariens zwischen Orient und Okzident. Referate, gehalten im Rahmen eines gerneinsamen mi t dem Bulgarischen Forschungsinstitut in Osterreich organisier ten

Ar bei tsgespraches, (Os terreichische Akade-

mle der Wissenschaften. Schriften der Balkankommission. Antiquarische Abteil ung. XVI). Wien, 1986. 124 P . • . . . . . . 41

Henrieta Todorooa - B. H.M a p K e B H 'I.

BJIH3KOe II ,!!.aJIeKoe. KH illH HeB, 1·985. 45 c. TeKCT na MOJIAaBCKH, PYCKH, II aHrJIIIHCKH,

207 U.B. HJI. . . . • . . . . . . . • • • 42

Stojan Yitlijanou -, T. H. K 0 p 0 6 y ill K 11-

H a. 3eMeJ(eJIHe sa reparopaa BeJIOPyccHH

B X-XIII BB., MHHCK, Hayxa H TeXHHKa, 1979. 115 c., 5 Ta6JI., 23 pHC.. . . . . . • 43

Konstanttn Toteo - JI H A H 1I K B H H T o.

CTeaTHTOBa HKOHa aa Boroponaua C MJIa,lI,eHeu.a Or T'spaoarpan.s--Ap XeOJIOrH 1I, X XVII, 1985, 2, c. 45-53 • . . . . . . . . . . 44

REVUE

K. Dimitrou - Colloq ue international "Rythmes

de l a production monetatre- . . . . . . . 47

Bibliographie .•.•••••••••••• 48

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