Théry Gabriel - de Moïse À Mohammed Tome 4

L I S L A M , E N T R E P R I S E J U I V E
DE MOSE MOHAMMED
Tome IV
7. Mohammed en plein panouissement.
8. LIslam arabe en marche. - La guerre.
La reconqute de la Kaba.
EPILOGUE
par
Hanna ZAKARIAS
S. L.
Editions du scorpion
ED
Jean dHalluin, Editeur
1, rue Lobineau
& e
Paris (6 )
L'ISLAM, ENTREPRISE JUIVE
7. - 1Vlol1,1111111e<l e11 plci11 1)a11ot1issc1ne11L .

8. - J..J'Isl,1111 a1al)c e11 111arcl1e. - L,1 gt1e11c.

L,1 1eco11<111lc <le l,1 Kc1'l,,1.
ElllLOGUE
1~1ANNA ZAKARIAS
S'a!1il-il <le 111011 slJJle, JC 1a1,a11,lo1111e.

\'r.11/-()lt s',1llc1q11cr ,i lll(l JJe1s,,,,11<?? nt<r ('()11."-
,ir.,,r,e rsl 111<>11 rr.ftrge. Est-il q11c.~lio11 ,i,r f ,,,,,/ ,I,
,rt 011,11<1[/C? Q11'011 r11lre c11 lice; 111nis q11',,11
1>1c1111c y,1rcl e artx raiso11, q 1r' 011 y a p 1101[ r.1a >.
l;A11nE n'()J,IVE'f, Ija I"n1,gr1c lll,1,,,1,1,!

rcslilrle, t. I, llaris, 1815, 1>. X-XI.
J~I>l'l'l()NS DlJ SC.01\PION

.Jcn11 <l'Il1tllt1i11, l~clilcttr - t. Rt1e J.,ol>i11ca11 - Jlaris (6)

..
cr) Il)' ~ R<litio11~

rlta Srorpion > 1964.
1'<>\ts rlroits 1servs pou1 tous pRys
LIVRE VII
OI-IA
--
EN PLEIN EPANOUISSE ENT
(:IIAI)l'l~l\1~ 1
! . ES l'Jiltllll E.
/l/(IN( ..'JJ>J~,~ J~NONl'E~ l',tll l"'I~ RAIJIJIN
J>cr1<la11l ]tt 1>rio(lr 111Cl'<Jllt)isc, il 11'a gtt1e t c1t1eslio11 <Jttc <1~~
l1(1111is, tles I"ap1>c11ls l101111t1cs el fc1111t1cs <11111s le llllrnclis. A l\ltli11t',
t~'('Sl 1111 v1itulJlc co{le c111c le 1~1l1l1i11 co1111>(>Se il l't1snge <lrs c1c>y1111ls,
c'csl--<lire lies Ar11bcs <1t1i 011l clioisi lie 1>1alic111e1" le jt1<las111l'.
I. - - l\lAilIAGE l)ES CllOYANrl'S.
J.,e cc>1a1111r11ce 1>n1 <lfe11cl1e fo1111ellP111c11l le 111:11i;1gr

t"nl1.uin
c11t1c 11111s11l1nt111iss et iclc>lt1rs. U11 nt"nl.>c j11c1ais 11c 1>01111,, 1>lt1s
1>ot1ser 1111e A1nl,c c111i cc>11ti11t1e 111ie1 les idoles :
22(). N'i~1><>tlS(\Z 1>ns lrs Ass,>cinltil:cs (1) 11vtt11l <[tt'clllls 11c e1c>ic11l !
(:e1lcs, 1111c cscl;t,c l~1<>)'n11le (_\:-;I 111cillcL11c c1t1't111c Assclci11-
l1ice, 111111e ~i <..e11<'-C vot1s }llnl. Ne clo1111rz 1><li11t (\'()S
fil1t~s) e11 11101i,1gc nt1x Ass(>ci,1le111s ElVllttl C(tt'ils 11e l'l'tlic11l 1
<:e1tes, 1111 cscl1\\'e c1<>)'1111l csl 111cillet11 <ftt't111 Assc,ci11lct11~,
111111e si ccl11i-ci vc>tls pli1t (2).
<:c)111111c <>Il lt' vcil, il 11<~ s'i,gil ici c1,1c (111 111n1ir,gt~ c11llc A1nl,r~
illcl:(1rs cl A111l)C'S t<>llVC'l'lis l l'Jsltllll jt1if. () VOIIS ((ll ("l'<l~'<'Z !
~c,~<.'Z 1,1t1clc11ls, A \ 1 11111 ,l't'1>c>11sc1 t111c -111ig1~e, nss111cz-,c,11s C(tl'lll('
(\~, ('l'())'lllllC. Si ,les lllCl'({llOS('S 111ig1e11t fl l\l<li11e l~l SC J)l'l~S('ll-
tc11I ;, ,r()llS C()Jlllll(! ('l'C))'llllll'S, S(lllJnellcz-les n eXOlll<'ll. Srt1I, "\'111,,t~
,cl1111:1il llt11fnilC'111e11I l<.111 l)c>1111r f(>. Si, llJlr<'s cxi1111c11, V(>lls lts
J'(\('()llll:I~Sf'Z C()llllllC ('l'())'Olllrs, llC les fCllV(l)'C'Z llllS 1)n1111i l<'s i111i-
<l1Ps (1<' J.,11 l\Icc,111c. I~ll<'s 11<\ <l<>i,,c,11 Jllt1s t1c lct1rs fe111111cs, 11i <.'t1x
l~t11s 111n1is. (~tl111111e j<' vo11s l',1i <lit, le 111n1ingc c11lrc cr(l~'n11l tt
i11flclf'I<' est illicile. \ 1c>tts cc>nse1vc1cz <l<)ll C nt11>1is (le vc>11s <'('S
f(111111cs crO)'R11lcs ; c'csl vc>l1e clcvc1i1 1cligie11x. l\11lis il v<ltls 1rslc
<'ll<'Cll'<' 1111 <lev<lit clc jt1sti<c. \'011s clcvez rc11cl1e l'cx-111n1i, 1,,st(~
i1 J.,n l\f(<.c111e, le (l<>llt1i1c <ftt'il n 1c111is n sn fe111111e. Vo11s-111111<s, si
( 1) (~~.sf-,ti,r lrs fc1l1111rs <lll a~sorir11t ''nl1,v cl':111l1cs rlicttx.

( 2) S o LI r. I 1, 2 20 .
.,,) ,
~(()Jf,\l\11\Jf~J> l~N J>l~l~IN l~PANOlJ ISSl~l\lEN'f
_)IIS l'ClllC(l<'Z llll ll<>ll\'('flll <lt>t1ni1c f\ celle c1<>)':\l\lC, \'<>llS setcz Cil
t ( , f <1C ) i 1 }) l' CIl C1l. C r ()11111 l (' <'
l >{) l l S (' .
J>i11 C(.llllte, Il(~ 1tlf'll(~7, llflS ("()llllll{' les JlCl"())'Olllcs ..
<~i><)llSCS
~-1i111gcz-,,,11s tl\'C'(' 1t'tt1s cx-111n1is 1><111 le (lo11c1i,c <111its <>11l
,>c11s et c,~ltti c111t ''<)tts :1, rz (lc,1,11t~. ''<>il l':11il1ngc <le Y1ll1,v
1
11t1c ,c,11s. 111l1,,c, l'sl <>11111is("i(!11t cl sngc (3).

I.. e tl1i11ti1lc }l1i111c>1clin1 <jtti <lc1111i11c C('s 11c>l>l111es, c'est <l<>11c
11: le 111n1ingc l'llltl' At'lll,cs 111t1s11l111011iss et A1al1cs i11Jiclles csl

ICI te.
No11s veno11s cle ,,>i1 le <,1s <l'1111c 111ig1 c <111'1111 (:1o)'n11l 1>e11l
()llse1 fif)J('S CXOll}('ll. 1J11 lltlltc ('tlS n <lf1 SC Jl1se11lc1 0 Mc,Ji11c :
1
l(\ ll)CC(Jll(lSC i11fi,lilc' S(~ ('f)ll\'('Jlil il I. . a l\f(~(~(Jlle, 111ig1e n l\1clitl(?,
(lc,ie11t ln ,111,1 (:1c,)1,11t.
fc,1111111 l\lnis np,s Stltl 111ntinge, elle
Ptll 1C'fot11nc1 il l . :1 l\lr<'<fllc J><lt11 1c,1,1~11cl 1t! S<>11 n11ci~11 111n1i. <,111e
1i1t' c11 celfP ci1c<11sl:111('C' ? Il f:1111 1c11cl1c :,11 C:1c>J'llt1l ,c <111'il ~1111n
:~1>('t1s~ rc>111111c cf1>11:1i1r J>C'11,l,111t Sflll 111111ingc. 11 sc111l>I~ l>ie11 c111e
<si li1 C"(>11111111111111,~ ,lcs 11111s11lr11:,11iss <fll (~St <'l1:,1gpc le <~<~ltc
t'J>n1nficlrl cl11e1 :111 <:1<,)i111t ( 1).
( r1' C f (\111111 r 11 (' 1)'\ t ' 1 (~ V j ( 1(' 1111 ) l (' 1' ( 1):'s s (' , ( ' 1' c 1fl r J ( 1(!s I Il fi (1,. 1~ s n
(()1111)\lllllllll ,lcs 11l11Sllllllt\llS n1:tl>CS <[tl '~l()J'(~S (~c,lnirlt~S f)l'()IIICS-
s f () ,. J) I C 11 Cs 1) i (' 1l (' ( fi JI i (' s :
1
1 '
11) l~llcs 11'i1ss(c<'l'<l11I 1ic'11 ;, ,:,11,,,. l.1ct11 c.1111<~ ,1<~ 1,,1,l

se1:1 1>111
11t('l:111ge ; ,l;111s le j11<l1s111c, le c11ll<~ 11e lnisse 1>l11ce it
1\ li Cl 111 C <1c>l C.
I) I~llc's 1>,,i,11. (li <'~I <l,,11c t>t<>l,it1>1c

11c ,,llC'1,,11t Cftlt' les ft~111111cs
n1,,l1cs ttl:1irr1l c.c111l11111i<;1.<'s <ltt fnil) .
<) I~llc\s llC r,,. II((lll'l'C)1ll l)()lll.
,1) T~llrs llC l11r1,,11t ()()Jll lc111~ Cllfllllls. Nc,11s O\'ClllS (ljn 1C'111:11-
ffll~ <111':1,:1111 1.11>1,sl<>l:\I cl11 1i1l>l>i11 et 1:, <"<l11,c1sic>11 clrs A1n-
l><'s Oll j11<l~lSIII(', il 11'c~l:1il J>IIS 1n1c ( f llC ,les ])()llllllCS CJlf(lllS-
S('lll cl111,s I<" ~:,lI<', :'1 l:1 11:,iss:111<'<', IP111s fill<'s (l<l11t ils n,,1,ic11t
l1cl11le cri l:11,t <f tl<' filll's. N,>tls 111>1)1c') 1lo11s, <ln11s cc veasct, Cf 11<~
J,,s fc111111f's 1,1;1l>r~, c,lll' n11ssi, se 1~11,J;1ic11t l'C>111>r1l,Jcs <le cc
c1i111c fl'i11f11111i<i<1<'. 1)<>111 I,i<'ll fl1c111,,~,- ln si11c1il (le lc111"
l'<>r1,c1sic)11, t'll<'s cl<li,r11l ll1c,111cll1e <l'ttl>:\11tl<>l111c1 1><>111 tc,11-
jot11s tcllC' :1l>,,111ir1nl,I(' J>1a1l<ltl<'.
I.X, 10.
(3) Sc>ltr.
(1) ll,id. 11. lll:11l1i1 ,. i,11,1111 ,,1,~ :1i11~i <c IC'~ l c : Si c111cl,1111111r. clC' vos
ot1scs (,\ ,ot1~, <1f~:111t~l 1>:l<;~c ,l1C'1. le~ l11fl,l <' lr~ <f c1t1c ,,111s O)'ez ,,1lrc
\'n11cI>~. ,10,,n,,1, (,,,,,. 111/i,ll,.f;) ,1,,,11 1c~ i'Jlf\11~( ~ ~r S()fll ~,,r11('S n11ln11( (lit~
"' (lll'ils nllrf,rtl ,lc'11r1l"'' ,__ - Nr111s ,,,.,,,,s ,lt! l:1 l><'i11~ i't co1111>1,~11,lrc ,,llo
1lr1prtntion. ('t 111\tl~ 111ir,1c,11s llr lr,t111,,: c Si c111~lc111',111c <le ,os <'1)>11
1s,.. l101111ez (f111.c t.r,!1,,1,ls) cl,,111 lts 11<>t1Sl'S se s0111 cnft1ics >
LES FEMMES .. PI\IN<:11>~s NONCl!S PAil LE RAllUIN 13

c) l~lles 11c t<)J11111cll1<>11t 1><>lll t111c i11f111ie fo1gc J>llr ellrs t'tll1e
lt't11s 111ni11s et lct11s t>ic<ls. (>e11l-l1e le raLl,i11 vet1t-il <li1c <1L1c
l(~s fc111111cs 11e cl<>1111c1c>11t 1>oi11l <le l>nlor<ls lct11s 1na1is.
f) 1;:11es Il(! le <lst)l>t~i1c>11l l)t1s e11 ce fJtti csl 1cco111111 ccl11vc1111--
l>le, njot1lc e11fi11 le 111l>Li1l il l'ttlltesse <le M<>l1n1n111e<l (5).
Si l(lS Cl'(>)' n 11 les <J t I i se ll tsc 11 l e11 l loi f <>nt sc1111cn l <l' ol>sc1vc 1
ccs l,>is, <le111n11<lc 1>a1tl<>r1 1><>t11 elles n Yal1,v <Jtti est al>solt1let11 et
111is1icc>1<lic11x. l)itns ers co11<liti<lt1s, ltt tlet1x les ncce1>le1 <l:111s ln
c,>1111111111nt1l <les 11111s11lr11011iss. Ce lcxlc ne })rsenle nt1ct1n(\ dif-
fic11lll~. 11 est, l>l>tll' ni11si <li1c~, nl,so11>ol>lc sit11s efo1t. Cc1>ett(l1\1ll,
Jll>lt1 <"<>1111>1c11<l1c l<>ttlc lil \'lll~111 liisloii<Jtte e ce lcxlc, c<>1l1l>ic11
<le tc1111>s ne fnt1<l1nil-il 1>11s le 111dilc1' 1
Rcliso11s e11sr111l>lc <"es <fll<'1<111cs lig11cs, sn11s 1,011s Jltcssc1. {'11c
1>1c111i1e 1e111n1,111e s'i1111><>sc : <!e 11'<~sl 1>as l\fol1a111111ccl q11i 1>n1lc.
(:'esl r111cJ,111'1111 <l'nttt ,c <111i s'~cl1cssc it l11i, llOttr l11i fnit'C cles l'<'to111-
l11n11cl:1lic,11s, el <Jtti s'n<l1cssc n11ssi n l:1 co11111111110\1l clcs 111t1s11l111tl11i-
ss. l<i, <:c>111111c\ cl111s l<ltls les 1111l1cs cl1n1>il1cs <les A,:tcs, Jl<>t1s ~c)llt-
111rs c11 fnc~c <1<~ 1>c1s(>1111(\s <111i clii1lc1gt1<.'11l. I. . es 1>c1s01111cs (J11i
s:1,l1rss(\11l l(~s t'l'< <>111111t111<l:1li(,11s cl les <lt'tl 1cs q11c 11c>t1s ,crt<llt~, 11(~
0
li1c S()lll f,l("lc111ca11t iclc~11lili:1))lcs : cc S()lll les C1oy1111ls,

el l\1<>1111111-
11t<'<I. Jlc,11c, l\f,,J1:1111111ccl 11'('Sl ll:1s l'1111tc111 clc cc <linl,>gc1c. 'rc,tal l< <'- 1
lct11 1111 1>ct111llc11lit s<.~ 1:,11gc1n i, celle 1>1c111i1c C(111clt1si<,11, <111i rst
l'tlJ>t:1le tln11s J')iisl<>irc tic l'Isli,111 n1:1l>c. l\fol1a111111<'<l Jl 1 C'sl 1>11s 111,
i 11 s 1,.11 ( 1(' t 11 ; c' (~s l 1111 l 1<, 111111 c , ( 11 <, 1l i 11 s 11t I i l. I ~ ( si I'c >11 v c t 11 ((>1111 l 1t' -
lr1 11,l[r<~ <~011(l11sic,11, ,,11 <li1,1 c111c l\lc>l11t11111ic!(I 11'csl 1>0111" 1ic1l <l:111s
l:1 [<>11cl:tlic>11 <le I'Isl:1111.
l>:111s ces ,c1:;els 1()-12 <I<' 111 scl11111le I... X, il)' n <l<lJtc t1t1c.\l111&tt11l))
((lli fi X(~ flltX c:1'())'1111(~ cl n I\l(>l1nllllllt>1esc1i1>f t)IIS :111
s11jrl tl(\s ft~111111es. Q.11(~1 est cc llc1so1111t1ge, <111i 11c se 110111111c j111,1:,is.
111:,is ,111i J)ntI~~ l<lltj<>t11s, C'l <Jtti 111\1lc e11 11111il1c ? Ncls C<ltr111is:111ls
( l f f <' C' ) S S ( l t l ( 11' <S l l 111 l 1S l l 11 ( S : 11 C) l l S 11 ' 1\ V () 11 S .1 l l 111 ll S, (] i S (.' 11 ( - i JS ,
<'11le11,l11 1>n1]c1 (le cc 1:tl>l>i11, 1111rc i11vC'11lio11 clc ~I. ll:t1111n Z11l,:11i:ts t
.Je llt11x fni1e n ces ("()tt111is:111ts (lfficil ls 1111c 111e111irc 1<'1>>11s~.
1
i111111clintc cl }l<'1so1111c,tlc". ,J'csli111c, c11 effet, (Jtlc 111c>11 1:1is<lllll<?--

111(\11I v,,111 l>ie11 Je lc111 ; c11 scco11cl lict1, s'ils ne C<>111111issc11l J>ns <'C
111l>l>i11, f<>11<lt1lc11r l<' 11sln111 n11tl>e, je let1r <lo1111c co11sln1,1111r11I
l'o<"<:1si<>11 <le- fitI'(\ s11 C~l>1111nissnr1cc I L'cxistcr1rc cl11 1nl>l>i11 <'si
i11111<)St'C 1>n1 les 1,~xlcs clcs Ar.Ir.~ ,le l'lsla111. Ces lcxlcs 1cs1>i1c'11l
l<>ttst l<>11s snns cx<~<'J>l<>11, l'A11cic11 1.,csln111c11t. J..,es r111nlil<~s i11lcll<'<'-
lt1,,Jlc's (le l'ot1lcttt' <lrs 1\clr.~ 11c,11s s,>11l n11ssi 1>01f:,ilP111cnt <011n11rs,
cn1 cc fJt1'il c1il l111<>ig11c <l't111c g11111<Je scic11cc J1il>li<Jttc : 11011

(5) Sot1r. I...X, 12.

J\J <J f 1.-\ l\f l\l El> EN Pl~f.lN t:P,\ NO U I SSEI\IENT
<l'1111e scic11c(~ li,1c.~c111c' <J11i ,lllilc1nit 11n1 11101cen11x 11111s ot1 1t1t>i11s
i1111>01tnr1ls 1111c l1istoi1c 11i'11illlc111e11t it1>1>1ise, 111nis <l'1111e scie11cc
c111i cc>t1le, p,l111 {1i11si <li1(', ,te s<>t11ce ; c'est 1111c 111e11lnlil1 1111e
l<>lt111t11e <l'cs1>1it. 1111t! 1><~rs(>J111:1lil 1>l1ic <le jtt<lns111c c111i s'ex-
1,1i111e 11nlt11ellr111e11t et SUJlS efc>1l. Nt111s CO]lllOSS()llS lltlSS ses Cjllll-
lits 11101ulcs, 1>1tr l'n1111>le111 (le s011 n1>c>slc1lnt el ln l11ncit n,,ec
l:\CJttelle ils')' C<l11snctl~. N<ltls sn,,011s ,111'il s'adapte a11x sit11ntio11s
('llltc1tes avec ,111c s01111lrssc exlrno1,li11ai r c, ,ls lors qtt'il s'agit (le
snt1,er l'enjet1 esse11licl <le ses ncti,ils. S,il s'nttacl1e o. <l011ne1.. la
l'<>1111n11nnt1l (l'isln111iss, fc>ttclc Jlnr l11i, les lois rvles }lnt J)ie11
i, l\Iose, il ne cl1c1(l1r. jn111nis n s'i,le11lifi<)1 l11i-111111c h l)ie11, 111111e
1(lfS<(tt,il n<IO{>lc Il' sl~le <les 011cic11s {l101ll1tcs (Jtti aclressaient n11
JlCll(llc I~lt1 les ()1'<11 (\s ,li1<tls cl~ 1'nl1,,,. li se <lisli11gl1c clc Ylll1,v.
Il SC C(lllf()l.lll(.. llllX }>t'( S('li1>tic>11s <le \':,1,,,,, il 1\C SC C()llf()ll(l (lllS
1
: l , <' c I l I i. Eco t I t <11 s -1c l1n r I c 1 : l l t' <1,, 111 c z r e <I11 c v <>11 s n ,, c z <1r. 1>r 11 s
4
(('(llllllle <lo11ni1(, fl lt\111s CX-P])()llX) (l( <JllC CCllX-ci VOllS 1cli,111~11I (~e
c1t1'ils n111t>11t cl(;Jl<'t1s (tc)111111e (fc>,1ni1e) l ''c>il - njottle le l"nl>l>i11
-- ~ l'nrllilrngc clc 1';1l1,,(; 1>111 le<Jlll'l li n1l1it1e c11t1e vo11s. )rol1,v est
c,1,111iscient cl s11gr ... c:11,ig,1<'1. '\'1111,, e11 qt1i ,,011s tes c1c)yn11ls ... ()
1,101,l1te, ncco1clr'-l<'tt1 :1]l(;gcn11te cl cll'11,nr1<lc 1>n1cl,,11 n )'n,v 1,c>11r
clles 1 '\'11ll\\' rst 1tl>Sc)l11lr111 cl 111is<' 1i,cl1,Ji(\tlX ((>). ()11 11e11t <'<)111-
1
J>t11cr l'Isln111 t111p lc ~'(lfl clt' t:1l<'<'l1is111c, c111i se te111,i11c~ 11cl11111,lt~-

1
111p11t par ltfl O<'IC' clc fll ; fl CC's )t'OllS, llOllS t1otlV<>llS <les lves
:111,lilct1rs, les A1nl1ls ; il)' a l'i11st11tlle111, le rnl)l>i11 clc J.,a l\lcec111c;
il )" n e11fi11 ln 111:11 ii-1p e11sf"ig11P, <111e 11c>11s nvc111s rs1111t~ 11I11s
l1:111t e11 fJt1elc111C's 1:11:1g11,1,l1cs. Jln11s ce (l1n1>il1e s111 les fe111111cs,
11,>11s cxposc)11s r<111<1i-le111C'11t les 1>1cstri1>lic>11s <l<>1111cs 1>n1 <'<.~ 1nJ ..
l1i11 ntlX isln111ist;S i11nl)CS, J)l"CS( l'iJ>l<>ns OE f()US J>()JN'fS (!()Nl;"()l\l\ll~S
11 0
., , ...\ TI\ADITl<>N 1s1\ _.\1~1.1r1~. l~t ]C' 1nJ,J,i,1 njott le - cc (Jtli n 1111e grn11<le
11111orlnncc -- : ,111'c\llC's 11e le <lt'sOllissPnl Jlns, l\lol1:,111111C'.cl ! .Tc
':1i cl1n1g, C'tl el<'I Ir < r111cl11i1e st11 le c11t'111i11 clc Yi,11,, celte tc>111-
11
1111111n11t <le Jll\lSlllfllflllS ftrnl>C'S . .Je ('ni J>lnc fi JCtll" fle. '1'11 f\S
1,11,i11lc11n11t lc111 cl1cr (7), ll\'r< 111issic>11 <le lr111 c11sri1~11e1 et <le le11r
:1i1e }l1ati,Jttr1 l:1 1(\ligi,>11 <l,ls1n.) c111c .ic l'ai c~11seig11e. Q11n11cl lc8
r111111cs at1r<111t fnil lottlrs r.c~ 1,10111csscs, ,lc111n11<le 111,1<101, n
\:,1,,,, JlOtl1" elle~, 1>1t1cl<ltl Jl<1111 lclt1te Jet11 ,,ic nnl1ict11e it lc111
,cl11,,crsio11, pnr<1<>11 1>0111 let11 J>~tl1l~ <l'i<ltlltric. Sf11c111c1ll Dict1
<.'111 pnr,10111,crn, en, il ri.;t nJ,scll11ll'111 et 11,isri(o1clict1x.
f:e texte <1t1c 11<)\l', ,,1111l~s,111s, <>li, 1>lt1s cxnclt'lllC'Jll, <lc>11l tl<)tls
.. ssn,011s.. <le ,i,1-c ~ 111 ,nlct11 i11le111c, est e11 l11i-111111c. cc>111111e
(fi) Sour. I.. X. 10-12.

(7) Voir ton,c Ill, :1t1 ,l1:11lil1c < () \'(lllS c111i ('t'<l)ez >, l'ol>tissa11,e l'al,11
ti l'Apdlre.
LES FEMMES - PI\INC.IPES NONr.s PAR LB nAnn1N 15
11011s Je co11stnlc1011s, t111e l1isl<lire de 11sla1l1 n1'0J>e. ()1~,
e11 raccc1111ci
notls p,>11vo11s fuire ln 111111c 1flexion po11r to11s les lexies <les
Acles de 1Jslan1.
1
Il. - J\Al l)(ll\'l'S l>I:S IIC>l\I~ll~S A \ 7 l~C LElJllS I?I~l\lI\IES.
\'c.ls fe111111rs S(>11I t111 (cl1n1111> <le) lal1011r 1><lt11 vo11s. Venez .
,c>l1c lnl>clt11, c~<)t11111c ,c,11s ,t>t1lrz, et 11,1 rez 1>ot11 vot1s-111111es n
l':1,n11ce 1 C111ig11c\z '\'nl1,, el sl1cl1ez <111e vo11s le 1e11co11l1e1ez 1
(l\lc111n111111etl) f :1is g1;1tie11sc~ n1111(lttce n11x C1o)'n11ls (8), ce q11i
,c11l ,Ii1e : ,,c,s ft'111111cs so11l ccl111111c 1111 cl1a11111 <la11s lr.c111cl 011 cl11osc
1:, se111c11cc <111i cl<>il ge1111c--1 1>lt1s ln1<l. A1,p1ocl1ez clo11c tic vos fc111-
111c's co111111c ,,,,,,s le~ ''<>t1l<'Z. Avec clics, t1avnillez })Ottr l'nve11i1.
\ r e Il e z a t I I>1 s t I ' cI I es c111 n 11 <1 ,, Cl 11 s c n n v c z l c (1 s i ,.., c l <1 (>os c z e 1,
cl]cs le gc1111c r111i cl<1it (llt1s tn1tl <leve11ir vol1e c.~11fa11t. 011 1>01111ail
tc>1111>1c11<l1c n11ssi (('ltc cx1>1cssi<>n, <1~11v1cz JlOt11 ,c>tls il
l'll\'llll('(l ~, <l:tllS IJll se11s t>lllS )~11ge. ]~Il <l<>Illlfllll <les e11fn11ls fi VOS
fc111111(s, \'C)tts ~1<1<,11111lisscz ,,c,t1c clevc>i1; ,,011s t1nvnillez 1><>111 ln
\'C! <lt1 111c111clc ~, ,e11i1, ln vie l(111cllc. C'est le se11s <(tic 11011s
l1,1tt\'011s c1n11s 1111e S(lt11nlc 111c~c<tLI<>se : Acq11illcz-vo11s <I<~ l'n11-
111c)11c ! <:,,11sc_'11tc,z t111 l:11g<' 111l it Ytll1,, : cc c111c vc>11s nvez nrccl111-
1>li tic~ l1ir11 ,i 1,,,,,,1,,r. 1><1111 ,c111s-111r11 1cs, ''<)lis le~ (1c)l1ot1ve1pz
:lll})t's <Il~ '\rtl\\"l; )11i - 111111(' SOllS f>11nr clc l>()tlllCll)" 011 <l,llllC tl~COlll-
J)CllSC }llt1s g1:l11,lc (!)). Il y 11 ce1lct1<la11I ce1tni1les 1glcs n ol,sc1-
,('1 <litr1s lc.'s 1:11>Jl<)1ts lrs 111111is nvcr. IP111s fe1111110s. I:t le 1nl>l>i11
0
,,11t1111c\1c 1>c,111 lrs isl:1111is< 'S n11tl>t~s ces clijl'1c11lcs J'<'glcs 1t1i fc1011t
<l'el1x (l<'S g<'tl'l 111i ,1ni111<'11l Jl1nlicJltc11t le j11<1ns1l1c .
1. -- N(1t1s J)111lt'l'<>11s J>lt1s ),>i11 (ltt jc11e ii111l<>s 1>n1 le 1n)>l>i11
tlllX i\t:tl>l'S C'tlll\.l'l"(s fl ll 1eligit,ll <l'fst:tl. ()0111 }'i11sfn1lf, ll<>lfl.11S
S{~11lc1,1e11t S('S llt'(.'S('J'i>licltlS COlll't'l"llfllll les 1:11)ll()Jls cl~s ll<)llllllCS
:1,'C<.' les fC'111111l'"' Jlt'11cln11l l:l 1111it ct11 1:\111ncll1n11. ll'111l1s les 111c-
111i1ts <l1cl(11111:111<c'.; cl11 1nl>l>i11. il 11'lnil 11ns Jlc1111is a11x l1<>1l1111cs
cI' a11l 1>1 t >t Ie 1 <l , ' 1<' 111 s fr 111111 r s ( l 11,. a 1\ l Ies 111 1i l s cl t t .i c f1 11 r C' t tl i l
,1ni111c11l l1t)(l c~ig'1. l~cs 11111s11l111n11iss ,le li1 J>1r111ii'1e l1e111(\, --
il s'ngit cl'cttx tlit11" <'l' tcxtc --, se l1011v<'1e11l 1l1:,i11lcs fc>is r11 <lfi111t
:, l'c'g:111 le cctlc lll'<'sc1i1>tio11 <ftt'ils <'lnie11t i11r:11lnl>lcs <l'(>l>~c1vc1.
1. . ,~ 1nl>l>i11 s'(;l:1il :111r111 tic ces fniblcsses <lc.'s Jl1e111if'1s <:1c>)':111ls.
,\t1ssi, jt1gr:1-l-il 1>()11 tl'n(lo11ci1 1>c)t11 ces l>o11illn11ts 011,lles ltl 1glc
t l c c c1 n t i 11 e 11c e :

1R:J. llt11n11t l:1 1111it cl11 .Jr1i11c. jP <1Llnre JlCltlr ''Otts liritc <1c fni1c
gnl1111lr1it :1,rc ,os fe111111es : elles sc>11t 1111 ,,l<'t11e11l 11<>l11
( 8) S <l 111. I I. 22: 1.

(U) Sot11. I .. XXIII, ~l).
LES l'E~11't ES - l>J\ IN (:11i1~s
-
.ENON Cl~S PAn LE nADl\lN 17
,otts cl vot1s tes 1111 vlr.111c11l 1lot1r elles. Yal1,v a BI>[>iis CJtl(\
<111e vc>11s vot1s tes l1nl1is vo11s-111111es 1 (111nis) Il est 1evc1111
(clc Sn 1igt1ct11) C(>11l1e V(>tts el Il n effac (volre fattlc). l\ll1i11-
lr11nnt. Cl>l1:1l1ilez :lvec elles cl recl1e1cl1ez ce <Jlle Yal1,,,c tl
Jll'CScrit J>Olll' VOllS (10).
l ~ v i (1e 111111 e 11 1, ee 11'es l I>11 s l\I (>l 1a 111111 e <1 q t 1i, ll e It 1i-111 ~ tl 1e, n (1c> t 1-
c il lit 1glc J>ti111iti,,t~. (:<,111111e 11ot1s le 11llo11s cl1nc111e i11sl1111t 1
J>:11cc (Jt1'i1 lotit i11slnr1l 11clt1s nvo11s le co11slnle1, ~lol10111111ell 11'csl
1>c>111 1ic11 11i <lu11s les Jltcsc1i1>lit>11s 1>1i111itivcs, 11i i111s lett1 lltltll'l
tl<l<>ltt~issc111c11t. J.,'i11te11)tt~l:,li<l11 <l'~11>1s lnc111clle lu g11e l'llltSl~e
Jlnt celte ,lis1>osilic>11 el les <lscll'(l1cs q,1,ellt~ e11t1n11n sttscit1c 1,t 1
111 1>1rse11lc 1vl1lti,)11 i11s1c pn1 l\l:1l10111et o. cette 1>lnte ~ (11)

11',1 1111lt111 sc11s 1>lnt1sil,lc. Nc>tls 11'tl\'()l1s iri 1111ct111c 1~vl11lio11
cli, ll(\, ('l si ce texte rsl i11s1 i, celte (>lfil'e cln11s les 1\clts ,,,.
1
/'/.~lt1111, l\lc>l1lt111111ecl 11'c11 C'Sl 1111lle111cnt 1cs1>c)11s~11.l1<~. l . . e 1nl>))i11, <111i

<'<>1111:til Irs clf1lilln11tcs <les J>l'('111iet's 11111st1l111:111iss, tlll11l1c })l>t11
ct1x Jcs 1ig11e111s (le ln l,>i 1,1c<lcr11111c11l i11111l>sc : je snis \'<ls f:1i-
l>lt1Ssl~, jr snis ()llC ln C<>11li11e11ce rsl lt()(> 1><~11il>lc 1>ot11 vot1s. Ynl,,,\.
<1t1i s:,it l()lll et c111i vc>il lt)tll, V<>tls ,1 vt1s e11f1ci11<l1c celte t'gle.
l\lr1is '\':1l1,, <~sl 111ist\1i,-c,1<lic11x, Il 1>n1tlc11111c ; c'est 1>0111'tlt1,>i, c'11
S()ll N(llll, j':1l(>ll<is ('elle 1rglc ~1fi11 (le Sllf)l)l'lller pOlll' V()tlS (clttl("
(l<"("llsi,,11 (I<~ J><J1c1 sttt" ce 11c,i11t. Jl('tl<l1111l les 1111ils <ltt jet11c, 11\1111-
gcz <\l l)11v<'Z, cl tti111t\z ,c>s 1c111111cs j11s<1t1'n ce <(tic vcltls flisli11g11it'7.
l C Ii 1 1)l:l l l (.' ( 1\l fi 1 11 ( l il. t t\ l ' l111 l)C l~ 11s l l l C , j e l n e CO l l l l)1e l j l Is (1l 1, 11l
Jltlil ! (12).
2. - - S'il vc,11s est 1>c1111is, (:1c>j'tlllls, tl'i1i111t'l" ,,c>s f<'111111rs Jlt'11-
<l:lt1l lc's 1111its cltt j<,f111c, 11:11 <.c,11l1c, 11c <~ol1i1l>ilez ))<li11t ll\'CC {'ll<'S
11lc11s 111c vc>tls (,les c11 1ct1nilc <ln11s lit l\ltlSCfll(\e (t:I>.
~J. -- l)c 111111e, 11'tt}ll)tc1<~l1cz 1>:1s (1< ,,os fc111111rs 1,c1,,l:l11I Je,
1
1,i,t<'1i11:1ge : )lot11 ,1t1i s'nt,1t1itte cl11 l 1 rlr1i11:1gc 11t1llc g:1l:111lt1il,

lltl] lil,t_a1li11ngc. Q11rl(jllC l>Cll (JII(~ \'()tlS r11sst'7., Y:111,,,l~ le s:1it (1 J).
1. - J,:vitcz V()S f< 111111c's J>Clt<ltt11t ln 1>1ioclc <le 111c11sl11111lic,11 :
1
~22. (l .. ts c:1,)~'flttls) l'i11tt~11(,gl'lll st11 ln 111c11sl1t111fi<lll. llt~J)l)lltls-

(l<'lll") : (:'est llll llltl(. 'l't~llCZ-VClllS fi f'c111t (les feJlllll('S,
cllll'lllll 111 lllCl)St1t1~1li<>ll, cl llC \'()llS nt>Jll'OCllCZ J>Ulll <l'l\lll'S
;\\'11111 (Jlt'cllcs Ill' S<l('tll J)lll'CS. QtlOll(l elles SCl'()lll ))llt'ifit'('S,
\'Cll<'Z fl clics C(lllllll(~ \'ttll\\' VC)lJS l'tt ()l'()C>llll. '\'11)1\\' l\lllt 1
( t (, > S <, , 1 l I t 18 :l .
(Il) lll,\(:JIJ~l\8, (>/>. ,Il., 1. 111, Il. 18:i.
(1~) I (t:I) S<>111. Il, 18:t.
( lj) 11,1,1. 103
( /'t )~ l
2
18
J\[r>Jl,\~f~ll~I> l~N Jf.EIN l~PANOUJSSE~f~NT
C'l'II X c111i ,it1111c11I :, 1t'si1>iSCC'l)('C cl CCIIX C[tl SC 1>111if1rr1l >

(15).
I:11 cltl1c>1s cle t'<'S <;1s rxc<'t>lflt111cls, ,, cJs fc111111cs so11l vol1<' 1>10-
11il'lt'. c<,111111r j, ,(tts 1:1i clit, vc,t1c cl1:11111> clc l11J,,1t11. N'<lt1l,licz
1,:,s, t,1>l'11cl:,11t, c1t1r l':,111,,111 ,le Ynl1,v~ est 111cil)c111 c111c 10111, cl
c111c Jcs jc,ics tl'iti-J,~1s 11c~ sc111l c11rc t>nssngtC's, s1111s cc,11sistn11ce,
1
s:111s ,nlct11 cl'l<111ilt . )lc,111 les l1cl111111cs, cl11t fi<' 1,n1fs (tll~ fnt1s-
'.
ses n1>1>111<'11ccs) l':,111c1t11 cl~s ,cllt111ts li1cs clcs fc111111c~, (l'n111c,111)

l<'s fils, l<s n111ns tl'c,1 el cl':11ge11I, (l'n1110111) clcs <~l,cvn11x 1nr.s, <les
(l,lrs ,te> l1f,111>(':t11x l'l <l<'s le11cs cttlli,,~1l>lcs. cesl (li,) j,>11issn11cc
clc ln ''ic J111111<~llii,lt', :,lcl1s fftt'11t11,1s <le ).'nl,,v esl l>cntt lic11 clc
l'Cl<>tll' > (If,).
N',lt1J,licz 1>:t" 1>l11s '111(' ,t,s fc111111C's, \'OS c11f1,11ls cl V<ls l,ir11s
11(,11
S(llll )l()lll' \'(\\I" 1111 Cll>~l11tlc cl llllC lt'llltll()ll 1111i I>C\IVClll V(JIIS (:11-
((1 <lt1 (:l1rr11i11 lit ,nt,,,.t~ : () ,,,11s f(ll i c1clJ1 rz l c11 ,,c,s t'J><tlS<'S,
('Il ''()S Cllfllllls. Sltlll llll (')lllClll flf)lll" V()IIS. l)1c11ez g:,,~(te :', CllX 1 >
(17). Sncl1t'Z C(tlf' ,,>s l,ie11s cl v<>s C't1fi111ts s<111l le11t11tio11 1 nlo18
c111'n111,1t''s le '\';111,,t', <'sl 11111~ i111111<'11sc 1~l1il,11I<l11 (18). Ils S()tll
1111c l<'Jtl11li<lll 1,:11,' c111<', r11 11tc111>:,1n11t ,,,1t1c es1,ril, <'ll 111t1lli1lin11l
\. 1l S ~ ( >l l C j S, IS c1(' \' (' 1111 (' 11 ( I)()111' \' ( l 11 S 1t 11 (l C) ( fS ( f 11 V(l l l S 11 l l n (' JIC 0
J;, l<'11c cl C'1111,c(l1(' l't.11vc,I ,le ,clltc i\111c vc1s Y:111,v ; ils 1cslrci-
1~11c11t l'l101i1.:,,11 cl<' ,,>s cs1,t'~1t,11c.<s n11x j,,11is~n11crs le11csl1cs, cl
<>~; 1 <lt,,11111c11t (l11 lt\sit (les l>ic11s ,~lr111cls 'I 11<' )'011 c1l>lic!11l J>nt
1:\ flcllil i, ,i,ll\\'<'. 1~11 cc jc,111, 11i lc111s J,ic11s 11i lc111s c11fn11ls
llC Sf'l'\'l'()I)( i, l'('ll, ('()tll1c ,:,lt\\'(~, it CCIIX (flli lllll'Onl t i11li<l-
lcs :o (10).
( 15) 11,;,1. 2'.!2.

( 1G) S o,, ,. . 111 .
1:! .
( 17) Sc111r. I.~ 1\'. 11.
(IR) S(,111. , 1 111. :!~.
(10) So,11. 111. ~: ,,,i, i/,i,I .. 112: ~Ni,,.,,,~ l>C'II~ Ili lf'111'S r11r:,,,1~ llr.
~1,i,()lll :\ 1it11 ce,tlll (' ,:,,,..... :, cc,1~ CJlll S()lll i11ri,ti'lt S > ;
1 S(llll". (.,VII, 1!, ;
1.Xlll, 9; l,\'111. 18 l!); I.X, :t; IX, fi!',, 70, 8(i.
111. - J_.Jt:S FEI\11\IJ~S I>ll<>IllflEES .
.J'ni C'11c<)1e l)ic11 tics cllllscs n vot1s <li,e, <lcln1c le 1nl>i11 nt1x
<:1,,~'n11ls Je <l<lis vo11s s1>ciflcr, e11 efTcl, <Jtt'il vo11s est 11usult1-
111('11l i11ll'l'tlil <l,1lot1se1 :
1 - les fc111111es c111'011l 11ot1scs vos J>1es - snttf celles
<~1><,11st\cs <ln11s le J>nss. C'est ln 1111c t1111>il11c1c nl10111i11nllle, et C<>111-
l>il111 ,li~lcsl1,l,Ie cl1e111i11 ~ (20). E11 <l'i1l1 l1cs le1111es, V<>tts 11'nvez 1>ns
Je ,l1<,il tic 111c11<l1c les rc111111cs c1o)'n11tes r111c vos (ltes 011l Jlo11-
S(~rs i11<'s lc111 co11ve1sil>ll. li \'<>tts esl 11e1111is, CCJJCn<ln11t, tlc J>l'<'ll-
,1,c les f c111111es r111e vos 1>1cs nvnie11t 1>c>,1scs avn11l lc111 nll1-
si,>11 t'a lit 1<ligi<>ll <l'ls111l.
2 - - \'(>S 1111cs, ''<lS filles, ''<ls st11s, vos tnnles }lnle111ellcs c'l
111ntc111ellC's, vos 1lices <Ill c(>l <ltt f11e et <111 cl <le ln S(Ctt1, vc>s
111t'l'<'S cl vcls stc11rs (le Ii,il, les 1111es (le v<1s fe111111cs, les l>clJrs-
lillt'S c1t1i s,,11l ln11s ''<>l1e gi1l>11 el 11cs tic vos ft'111111es nvcc c111i ,,,,t1s
llV('Z ('(,IIS()llllll le lllt\1i1,ge ; lfltllcfois, fl i V()IIS 11'tlVC7. J>JIS C()ll--
S()llllll<'' 1,, 111111it1gt! (nvcc cc~ 1>c,t1scs), nttl g1icf vot1s fnitc (si
''t>tts l'(><>t1sez ces l>clles-fill('s).
;1 -- I . . cs 1>c>tts<'S (le vc1s fils, 11s <le vos r<'i11s.
,ln -- J..,cs lcttx sccltts, st1t1f celles 1,c>t1scs Jltll' le (lnss (t1v1111t
V(llte (~()llVCl"SOll et ln lc111).
fin -- Il rsl illicil<! 011ssi 1>c1111 vc>11s ,l'1>ot1sc1 les fe111111cs f111,
t tl(li(ftll~ lil>1(~s, sc,11l 1>1,,tgc\cs 11vu11l le 111n1ingc 11nr t111 tnl1(>t1
scxtl('I. I . . e 111lll,i11 se111l1le 111>1><>se1 ces fc111111es lil>1es 1se1vfrs ~,
l'<,111ic:1(1ices, cell(\s c111i <>11t <les n111n11ls, cl qt1i 11sc11t tle let11s
l'l1111111<s 1><,111 viv1e. l.,cs 1se1'vrcs > s011l i11lo11cl1nl,lc~ nv,,111
le 111n1i11gc. ,ro11s 11'nvcz 1>ns le tl1oit (le les 1>ol1sc1", s1111f crlll'S
,111i s111l tl~lc11tt<'s 11n1 v<1t1s, c<,1n111c co11tivcs.
0
(i - (~C'l)Cll(1n11I, Cil Jlfl)'tllll )e <]Otlflte COllVf'llO)>]e, VOllS J>OIIVl'7.
lf>11jc,111s 1>011sc1 1111e fe111111r nvec Jnq11elle vo11s ovez e11 (les 111Jl-
1>c11ls ; 111nis, 1111c fois 111n1is, <1<>1111r.z ce l le fe111111e 1111e 1t1il,11-
tic,11 t111v{'11,1l>le. (:'est 1111c <111cstiu11 <le 1>1ix. N,11 grief n ,,111s
f11i1e n l'(\Mi,1<1 <le ce st11 r111<1i vo11s nvez tlris C<>nsc11le111c11t 1n11ltll'l,
111,1is ve1se'111c11l tic ln 1t1il,11tio11. Yola,v snit to11t cl il est sng' >.
7 -- Si VOlls 11'lcs J>ns r1ssez 1icl1cs 1>ou1 pot1ser t111e fc111111c
1t\s~1,i'c >, 1>t1ise7. <l1t11s le lot cle vos esclaves croyn11tes. Ynl1,,(~
l't,1111:1il l>L'll vc1t1c ft>i. \'c>t1s et V<lS csclnves c1oyn11tes 01>1>n1lc11e1.
(~f)) Sc>t1r. IV, 23-32.

ltfOJJAJ\f 1\f J:l> ~N Pl.. l~IN J::PANOUJSSEMENT
:, 1111" r11,... ,,1" ror111111111n11t,~, <"CIi~ les A1nl1es is10111iss. Votts llOtl-
, ,-z ,1,,11, f,1 f.,.,,,, . ,.,. ,,,,,,,.,.,, ,,,,,. \'tJll'l 1,:1~i(1, i1 lct11s ,llcr1le111s le
f' )11:1iI'(1 ( f 111 V(.' 1t : '
1
1, 1r (1l l (. V() 11 s ng iss iCz n\'CC C 11 es CO 111111 e nVCC
t l' 1
(les f e111111es 1is<'1,~cs , el no11 c<,111111e nvec <les f 0111icnt1ices 011
cles fc111111's n,n11I clrs n111n11ls.
~
8 - (J11n11,I ers f'scln,ts s(,11( ,1t',e1111c~ fc111111cs 1esc1vers >,

, .
~ i C 11 (\ s C () 111 '11 (' l l C 11 l 111 l (' 1111 1) i t l 1( 1C' ( 111 (' s' n 1) n l te s t 11 C 11 es In 1110 i-
1i (ltt l(l111,11e1,1 e11<'<lt111r lln1 les c rsetves >. C:e 1nn1inge nvcc
l<s l'Scln,cs est ,,c,1111is 1>0111 \ite1 ot1x l101111nes (le recl1e1cl1er les
f <, r 11 i <." n 11 i c <.' s (21 ) .
A1,1?s <~s (li,r1srs 1>1csc1i1,ti(>llS, Je r n l11in njottle )l011t les Arn-
lt<'S 111t1s11)111n11isis 111'il ,1,,sig1ac l1n)1il11 e lle111e11l so11s le 110111 <le
( :1,1)'n11ts: \'nl1,,, \'<'tll ,,,,,1s (li1igc1 cl vo11s 111011t1er le.~ p,at;q,rrs
,If re,1.1. q11i /111(~1,t ,,,,,,,,t
,,,lrrs (22>. J..,isotls l>ic11 le texte, cn1 il
1=1il (liffict1ll 11,,111 les <,11i111isn11ts. lllrtcl11e l'a 111clit, n1nis sn11s
:111i,c1 1'1 le ()11 IIC voit )lflS >, ,lit-il, C(llllllle11t
("()111),l'Cll(lt,, :
le <:,11011 1>ct1I i11<it11 f1 s11i,1e l11 l111,1ilio r1 ,lcR A11c'ens > (23). Jlot11
S()l'li1 (le ("Pile lll()llSSC l\l11<l,~1e l)l"O))C)SP. llllP Sf'COll<le leclt11c :
Ynl1,,<~ ,t)t1l ,c,11s cli1ig<1 et V<llts 111<,11l1er les Sf>1ts l1nclilion11els
(I(' ('CIi:'< r111i r111t11I fl\'011( \'(lllS > (2 l). 1)11 C()IIIJ, c'est 1noi ((ll IIC
('C)lll)Jl'Cllcl~ ,,1,,s, (l(lc111a111cl(' lll)X IC'clct11s (le ,,e,1ir fl 11100 Riclc,
(lll
<11 111c sig1111l:,11I <'<' c111'ils 11e11vr.11I l>ie11 co1111>1'('11,l1e et1x-1111nes n
,<lie SCCOlt(ll' l<.'('lt11e. {ltl(~ sig11iti,, ll'S S()tls lrn1ilio1111els le CCIIX
,,,,i
. f,1re11t n,n11I \'(ltls :t ? 11 1111 lnvc1 celte scccln<le vcrsi,,n, JJla-
~
,l1-1e ln 1n1>111c1(J1c <lt1 ,,. r,;1 le ln so111ute X\1 111, qt1i npJln1tic11t,
ln11s ses Jig11C's c'ssc1lliclles, i, ln seco11cle 1>1io<le mc.cq11oise : (..,es
t,,,111111cs 11'<>11t ,;t <'1111,rl1s le ct<>ite ot1 <l'itnplorer le 1>n1(lo11 <le
ll t11 Seigr1('t1t, c111n11cl ln lli1c<'I<>11 est vc1111c it c11x, <Jtlc J>nt (lettr
1
1cft1s ,l'nl111\tl1c.) ffttc le srl1t t1nclilion n e1 (le le111s n11cl1cs lrs

:1ll(i11,l1n el c1t1C' l< 'l'c)111111t't1l IC's l(>tl(l1P1n le fn<c :). At>t~s 1110rc
1
1t')flexio11, je SIIS l>Cll ()l,ligt: <)'1tV(llte1 (]IIC je lie V()~ fi\lCllll 1n1>-
J)l'OC))e111e1,t 1>(1ssil,1e c11t1e le l<'xle X\'111, 5:i et ccl11i tle IV, n:J
((tte 11c,11s s,,111111rs c11 t1:1i11 <le 111t.\clile1. Dans Je texte <1e XVIII, n:J,
IC' 1nl,l>i11 1>n1lr ,1<'s A10l)es c111i 11'<nl 1>ns e11co1e vot1l11 se co11verli1
:Ill ))l't1 cl'ls1:1i;I, l>('ll ((llt~ ln J)i,et~lion > S(ll (lji1 vet)tlC (l C11X.
1>0111 let11 i11c1cl\1111ce, il les 111l 11nce (les 111111es to111111e11ls (lo11l
1
Jc111s Ollt'rl1cs 11fi(lt ll'S fllll <1jr1 (:\l~ r1n1>t>s : clcsl111clio11 fie )etll'8
1
,illcs t'-l>r1s, <.'I l:11fc1 ,ln11s l'nt1-clC'ln. J">n 1 ro11t1<', (ln11s IP ((\xlc (V,
:li, le 1,1l,t,i11 s':1l1esse il (les c1(1ynnls 1 clcve1111~ 111t1s11l111n11s 1>n1
lf't11 ncll1~si>11 n11 lliC'tl le l\l<1se. l)n11s les ,,e,sels (Jtti ptc<lcnl,
(21) St,111 . 1\', 2,; .:ltl.

(2~) 11,;,1. 31.
( 2 :-1 ) l l 1." < 11 1, ~ . , , , . c; I.. 1. 111, 11. 0 :i :t, n 11 n . 1t 1 ,. l. :i t
(24) I bl cl.
LES FEMf.lES - 11,1Nc:11Es NONCS PAR LE RADOIN 21
if li <'XJltlSl\ 0 C'l'S sfrllltS(~~ cfin(~l'('llll'S )<l1S cJ11 llllll'fl~C' .. (~C~ lclS

IIC' :-;,,111 ,~,itlt'llllllC'III I'''~ 11,11 f1,, ,,1,ll11 titi 1 (11. Il 1,,, 1t,II 11111 1
1111,1,,,1,,1 ll'S 1>111lic11tc~ tlt'!i 111t1:-t11l1111111~ 11111,,, l,111?-t, 1.'1~1 it-,11, t\ ,l,:-1
11111s11l1a11111s j11ifs, t~c <Jtli 11<>11s i11vile i1 1ccl1c1cl1c1 (ln11s l'At1lic11
1csln111c11t Ott cli111s le 'l,nl111l1cl ltt Jgislnlion 1nnl1i111011iole CJtt'il
cx1lc,se cln11s les 11clcs clc l'l.'il<r111. l~l 011 l'y t1ouve, en effcl, s1111s

tlllCIIIIC ))CIile ..
l\'. - l~A \'Il~ <lll()'J'll>IENNE.
l"'es 1r11>11c,1ls S(':<tt('ls _lic1111c11l t111e g1011<lc 1,11,cc <l:111s la s<>til

111r('<(ll<>ise <.'f 111t\(li11oise cl11 , 1 11~ ~ii'c1r. cl le 1nl,l1i11 11e cesse <le ft1i1e
i, cc sttjet <le sc1it'ttscs 1cco111111n11<lali<>11s.
01
ll11c 1glc g11t 111le s'i1111><>se c11 cc <lclt11ni11c : le 111:11iagc lt''g~,I.
11 ft111l <lo11c tl1e1cl1C'1 111n1ic1 les clil>ttlni1<'s: l\l111icz le~ (li-
l,11l:1i1cs (, i,:1111) 1>tt1111i ,<,11s ; lcllc est ln 1ecc,1111111111cl1,li<111 f:1ilc
:1t1x. 11111s,1f111:111isi s; ni11si <111c le11x <le vt>s cscln,cs, l1<)111111(~s ('l
1
ft111111t's. 1111i sc>11l l1,11111les I S'ils s<111l l ,csog11ct1x, Ynl1,v les re,n
~;c s11ffi1c, 1>:11" S:1 r:,,et11. ''111,,,,t; csl lnrgc ("'( ,>11111iscic11l (2f>).
J\f:I<;, S ('l"()~"flllls ri ('l'(l)'lllllC'S tl'lll"l"VCl l t tlnS n Se ]lllll"CI', ((ll'ils
gn1<lcr1t 11, <'(ll1li11t~11c~c jt1s<111'i1 <.'c <Jttc Y11l1,v les ft1ssc se s11fli1c,
1,111 S11 f11,c'111 (:!f\l.
(:1o)n11ls, ,rls ("C>11111t1 1<'~ ''(ltts n111~11t't1l :', 1cc11cilli1 cl1cz V(lllS
0
lrs <'Sll:1,C's. \'c,11" 1>1>11,e1z IPs <'t><>11s1 ~i C1ll('S ~(1111 c1c,~:,11IC's ;

111:,i~. si \'(IIIS llf' 1,~ ,1><>tlS~7. ,,ns.
Ill' V()lfS ('Il _SPl'\'('7, llllS (.'()llllllC ,l'tlll
111:1ti1icl cle 1c11clr111111I. Ne l<s <tl)ligc7, 1>ns i, l:1 1>1c>slilt1lif>ll :,
:i:i ... t>:11 1ctl1,1tl1C' ,1,, ('(' f(lt",,11,c 111 \'C llllll(;Cli:1tr, IIC ft)l'('C7.
11:,s \'(lS (s1l:1,cs ft 1t1111<'s i, ln f>l"f>slil11tic>11, :1l,,1s 111,cllt~s
1
,e11lt11I ,i,<' ('Il 1c;s<\1,,t.",<'~ :r> ! (J11('<)11,111c les f()t<~c (sC'1n

sct1I <'(>tlf>i,l,lt), cn1 '":111,,t~ (t11vc1s CC'S fc,111111t's), c,, ~g,11,I i\
l"{' (fll'c)IC'S Cltll t~lr f<>l.('l~CS, sern nl>S(>flt(Clll' C( lllS1ic<)l"-
1)CtlX. (2).
,~,ilr7. 0 tc,t,I ,,,i, l;1 <11clil fi(' SC liv1,,,.
fc1111ic:1It)ll. ()11 11'n JlllS '"
i, <"<'IIC' lt111,ilt1(I, r111n11,l ()Ill <'sl cr<>~,1111. (Jt1c le fo111icnf<'111 ,111
):1 r<ll'll(;1l1i,r St)f'lll JlltllS rlltlf'llll c)'c11x <]C CCll( CClllf>S fi<' f<lllCI f
(1(()11c 1>n1 ig:111 11(,111 l:1 1rligi,111 ,le Ynl,,,,c~. 111111,~ i11<lt1lgc11<"<' 11(~
, . ,,,s 1>1r1111, l'Jl 1(111 f:1,, 1 111, si ,c>11s \'(llls l101tvC'7. r1,,i1c c11 Y11l1,v
,., 1111 ))('111ic1 .r,1111 :t) 1 (~~8). <Jt1:111,I \'OllS lrtll" i11nigr1e7, 111 l>llllI<lll
~IIS()IC', ('Clll\'()C(11('7, llll g1c,111>r ,te Cl'O)':lllls C()lllJl)(' lr111c1i11 clc lct11
lcllll'IIIC'lll (2f)).
1.. nis~<'?. ,i,,1t c11l1t r11x l'es (-.lrts clc l111f>ltt(lc: J"c fct111iln-
-.
( ') ;-) ) S. X,I\'. :t~.
( :! ,; ) lli,I. :1:1.
( :!7) 11,;,1,
( ~Rl lli,I . :!.
(29) /l1i1I.
l4ES FE~I r-tES - PI\IN<:11Es NONCS PAR LE RADDIN 23
let11 ,,,.,,.,1,sc1n
<111'11nc fcl11,icnl1icc Olt
1111e Assocint1icc (30). J.,n
f<111ili1l1ilc 11e St'1t1 1,<>tts<\<, <tttc 1>11r 1111 fornic11lc111 ot1 tt11 Asso-
cintc111. Ccln est tltlnr illicite n11x C1o~'n11ls > (31).
c:'p~,I (ln11s la so11111le :XXl\1 q11c le 1nl1l>i11 insiste
les Jlri11- st11
l'tln1(\s 1,1csr1i1,tio11s c,,11c~c,11n11t les fc111111es : Ceci >, <lit-il, rst
111t<' sc)tlt'ttle CJlte nc>tls n,'c>11s f11il clcscc~ncl1e et qtte no11s nvo11s lllJ)O-
sec ! '> (:12). \ 7011s n,,cz <l~s fc1111nrs q11i vc1t1s lro11111e11t, des fC'111-
111 c s 11 , I1111 <'' 1c s. \ r i s-n -,, is c1c 11 (> s, v o i<~ i 1n c o n c1t 1i l e l en i r : r e(1t 1-
1c z cl'i1l>f>14J c111nl1e l111c1i11", l'l1<>sis 1>nr111i l<'S 11111s11l111nniss. S'ils
s<111l 11f(i1-a11ntirs, 1elc11Pz Cl'S fc111111cs <ln11s vos 111niso11s j11sq11'i, t.'C'
<111c 111 111c11t les 1n1>p<'llc n11 St ig11c111, c1t1 C(lte Ynl1w lc11r cl<l1111c
1
1111 11tl\'<'ll fic se 1:1<l1t'IC'1' clr. lct11 fn11le (:l:l) .

l\1t'\111c si lPs fo111icnlr111s cl fc,111ic11l1icC's 1cvie11nc11l <le le,11

f;1t1lc 1
S(' 1fcl1111e11I,- l((l111"1lCZ-\'0llS <l'c11x 11n1llll()llS (31). \'c)tlS
('(
11":1,cz :111ct111e 111t's111c tle tlt~lltc11<.~c i, 111r11(l1c Il Jc111 Pgn,cl. Ynl1,,

(.~1 le' !iClll (JII })IISSC f11i1c 111is1ic()l"<le cl cl C)llllCl' Je }lllr(l<.)ll.
1
~1. llt'\'('11i1 (fi(! sil 1igt1e111) 11'n1>1,1,1lic11l <1t1' Yn1,,,, 1>011r <e11x
,111i c,111 fnil le 111i,l 1:1r ig11clrn11ce (3!l), p11is c111i 1cvit'1111t\11t
~,,11 lC'111 fn11le ltt1I n11ssil{>l. E11vc1s cc11x-l, Ynl1,v 1c,ic11l
(<I<~ S,t 1ig11c~t11). 'rllt\V(~ CC)llllnl lc>tt l el JI est snge.
:.!:~. 1.. :11~111iss1)n 11'r~isl(~ ,,,1i11I J)(llll' ('CtlX ffll r,,111 (1(\ 1111111-
,,:,isc\s ltllil>llS ,IISfflt':'1 CC' flll'(~llfill ltl 1110l'l SC 111rscn(n11{ l
1
1'1111 cl l'ttx .. il s't'c~1i~: .Tc 1<. ic11s (Ir 111cs c11e111s), 111ni11-
1
,
1
lc11n11t >. Elle 11'cxisl' 11oi11l (no11 t>l11s) 11nttr rc,1x fftti 111r,1-
t'<'11l (,1n11l i11ficlc\lcs. Jl(>t11 cc11x-li,, No11s nvo11s ll11,111c~ 1111
'1"0111111c11I c111el (!lG).
l\l:11is tl f<'llllll~S, P\ IC'Z ln llll'))l11,lc, c'csl-n-,li,e ln fo111icnli,ltl
1
111i ~;c\1:1 1,l11s ln1(l l<'11il,1<'111e11t 111111ie : f:c11x q11i ni111<'11l C(tlC' l:1
l1111,il11clc S(' ,rp:11,clc 11n111,i l<'S C,,)!f<11lls llll l'()lll llll lo111111c11l r,11,I
111 l:1 \,, l111111(\cfinlc' cl ])C'111it',,p . '\'nl1,,, Rllil cc CJII(' V(l\lS llC SOVC'7,
ll:ts. \'(ltlS fltllt'('!-;, /\1:t)>('S <lc1):'\(1C's, V(lllS r ( c,~ nfs J>Olll' )'nr1t1lf<'1r,
l:1 r,l111i:1li(111, lit l1111>il11<lc <'l lc>tls les nclrs rl1nr11els. I . . c .l11ir, 11:1lt1-
(:li)) l~I .i:l111nis tt&l<' <royn,,lr.

(:li) Sc,111. XXIV. 3.
(:l:!) llicl. 1.
(:t:t) S<)t11. IV, 1ft.
f:t tl /1,i,/. :!Il : c (:<l11i cI c(llt ,,,,i, 1>nt111i , ,,,~. <'<>1111nc1l11I ln 1,1111il11rlt,
~(\\''-"('Z ,0111,r ('li~ t S'ils 1r, i( lll\f'III ,,,.
0 1
,,,,,,. r:,ttlr ri ~c 1ro11a,~11t, tllo111-
lll'7.\ 1111s l'ttt:'t ! \':11,,,,,. <si 1,o,nl<'11r et 1nisriror,lic11x >.
(:I!) <:c111t1ilc'111,1,I, pf1111 lrs ltflt11r11rs q11i n,1,,rniC'nl IC's i,lo)~" n,:1111
11',,, ,,i, 1\11 1:1 r111111nis~n11tr >, 'rsl ,,-,lire l'n,oir co11n11 lrs 1l'vlnlic111c;
r:,il( :', ?\l1tS(\ 1n1 '':111,v 5111' 1,, ~l(>lll Si11n.
c:tti> s,.,.,. rv, 21-2~.
21 ~l(JIIAP.IP.IEIJ ~:i f>J.t::IN PANOUISSEftl~NT
1eJlr111l't1I, 11'11 i1t1l1111<~ <'sli111c 1><>t1t cet A1nbe CJtt'il rnbnissc Olt
<IC'111ie1 11i,<'nt1 clc 111t1111n11il. l\lais 1>nr111i les Arobes 111ec1t1ois cl
1n(li11<>is, Cft1clc111cs-1111s se s011l ,t._;j l<>t1111s ,,c1s le l)iett (tlsral :
() ,u11s (III ('l.())"('Z llC s11i,ez J)flS lt~S 1>ns cllt l)111011. QttC()ll(]IIC
1 st1il lt's J>ns litt l)t',111<111 (tsl vc,t1 li1 t)et<lili(ln), c11r (le D111011)
<>ttl<>r111c la 11111,ilt1tlc cl l'Acle l>l111nl,lc. N'e11sscnl t la f11vet11
,le \"al1,, ,~11,<'ts ,,111s cl sn 111is1ico1<lc, Ntrr. t>At\1\11 \'Otrs, .1A"1.~1s
NAu1,,\1r 1~11:: 1l1 1,. ,,,1,,, lltttili<.~ lt,11tcf<lis <ttti Il ,c11l. Il c11lc11l1l > '(;17).
J>e1s<ln11f" 11~ 11c11I 1,l11~ igtlf>1cr n11jot11<l'l111i ce c111e le 1nl>l>i11,
rr,l11rle111 ,111 t:n,,,I, <'I co1111><lsil~11r <les Aclrs ,le /'l:;lnrn, ll<!nse <1t's
A,nl>cs. No11s 1C' sn,,i,111s <ljil fl'n1>rs IC's ,lr.srripti,JtlS (lt1 )"lnrn<lis
l\J,,cc1t1clis. I.,c ,t. ~1 (le ln S(>t11:tlc XXI\' ,,,,c ll(>tts 111ftlilo11s 111:1i11-
lc11n11I co11111li lt' cc' lr1l1IC':111, <'Il :l<~c-r11l11,~ les r,,11l<'111s. Il
1
f:11111 ~, i,
tr 111l,J,i11 1111r clc,s,, l'<'ll <'f>l11,111111c.' ,Je r<1111oge cl 1111e c,111fin11(~C illi-
11,il<~~ CIi )'nl1,,t;. J>fll11" lf11lc1 ,l'i11111ln11IC'I' ):1 f,1i .IIV~ CIi ('C'S rtlllCS
si )lC'tl J>1<~11n1ic~ .. "' si C'l1~lt1<~rs cln11s )('s vi<.e~ <If' ln <l1s1i1. N,111s
('()ll)J)l"('ll()ll~ cl~ IIIPltX f\11 lll('IIX ))()111'(f1 1() il csl (11,ligt" <le l'C\'('llir
~JlllS ('('SSC SIII' l<s lllt'\111CS ll(ll(lllS, (:'t~lnil ,1nlllClll 1111<' l~<.'llC c]if-
fi,ill' t(lt'il n,11il ,,1,11r1>1is<' : ci,ilist'r ,< l ll' 1nr~ i11<.11lte si <;l(lig11t'C
(IC' ln <t1lt111(\ ,le'~ .l11ifs, :,11IC't11s, c1t"flt1is clc~ siclt'S, le ln11I clc <~lll'fs-
,l'(1't1,1c 1t,JigiP11x c"I lillf1ni1cs !
flc'lll),111( ~flll J. . 11 l\f( {-f fll(', Je 1:tl>)lII fl\t1I fl(~ji1

St'f>l11' tl 1
111is <'Il g:11tlt' )c's ,\1t1l><'s t,,1,l1c IC's ,,i<<'s ,Ir. ltt <l111i1 ; ,oi,
sc>t11. l.,XX, ~8-:lt : 1:11 ,t~1ilt~ le "l"(>l11111c11I clc le111 Scig11ct11
4
<'si i11(:,ilt1l,lc ! (C'~<'<'f>lc;) <"<'tlx 111 i 11',,1,t Il' 1n1>11<1,I ,,11'11,ec

1(111" ,,,,tts<'~ tI l,111s tc,11c11l1i11rs : (<l:111s <( c.~:1s) ils 11c S<>r.11
11;1s ]>lfl1111tl>lrs, l:lll<fi~ <JIIC' l'('IIX (fll C(>llVC)IC'tll ,l'i111(1cs (fc111-
lll<'S) scltll 1,s "l'11,11sg1('~Sc't1ts . l~,i <l'n11t1cs lc1111cs, le 1nl,-
l,ir1 tlil :111'.'\ (lt<'r1,i<.\1s A1~1l,c s isl;1111is<!S (ltt'il est lle1111is h 1111
1
11(>111111, <I(' clisi1<1 srs fC'111111C's <'I ses ('(ltl<'tll>i11cs, 111,,is <111'il
lt1i rsl i11l<'1,lil l'r11 <l<~si1('1 ,l'nt1l1c's <111c lt'S sif'1111cs. A c.~l1n-
<1111 !l<>11 l>('ll. l . . :1 "l"1111>il11cf,,~ (ln11s le ''<l<nl>t1l11i1c <111 1nl>l>i11,
) l t (' 11 Cf Il fi 1 f c l ~ 1111 S C' l l S Jl 1l I S ( l l. ~ ( S : ) C' S C' 11 S ( 1C S Cl cJf l 111 C ,
XX\'I, lf1:'l-1r;r, : 1\cc,,1111,Ii,<.z-,,,ltls l'n,lc <l11111,I n,<'c 1rs
l l l fi 1('S f 1{' l' <' 111 cl f l <JC C 1 (1t\ 1fl SS C' l' l' ,;- \' <>11 S \' ( l S t Il (l 11 SC S ~ I 11 C
,,,,11(' Scig11r111 ~, ,1ct;<'S J><>t11 ,c,11s ?(<lit l .. <lll1 i1 se~ cc,l1i-
l,11IPs>. ()11i, ,c,11s <~IC's 111l 1>r111llc l1n11sg1css,111 :.. 1~11 rac<lll-
ln11t l'l1i~1c,i1<' clt" l~tl1,, r11 i11sisl,111f s11r l'cxtc1111i11nli,,n iles
So,l,l111i1,,s. 1<' 1:,l>l>i,1 c11f<'l1<l:1ll l,ic11 111c(l1c c11 ~n1<lc les ,\10-
(~) Sc1t1r. XXI\', IR ~I.

LES FE~t~tES - PRINCIPES NONCS PAR LE RABBIN 25
l,t's co11l1e ces n1n11t1v1cs nl>o111innl>les llont ils taie11l cot1-
lt1111iers. ()11 111'ncct1ser11 snns dot1le <le ne 11as ni1ner les Ar11-
l,c's. C'est 1111c ptofon<le e11e11r. A mes acc11salet1rs, je co11-
~eillerni lottl si111ple111ent tic fnire t1ne llelite c11q11le st11 ln
111c,1nlil <les JlR)'S ntRbes el 111t1s11l1nans ; ils sero11t vile <ii-
fiPs s111 les lt111lilt1<lcs q11i s'y passe11l. La t1aile l1t1111ainc est
tl1(lSC co11rn11lc. ll(\,1x f <>is par sen1aine, on peut acl1eter <les
fe111111es el <les c11fn11ls 1><>t1r son l>csoi11 ou son plaisir, sttr
les 111nrcl1s <ltt Y111r11, <1e l'Aral,ie Sott<lite, <lt1 I{c>wcil rt
le lln111ei11. I . . es N:1lic111s lJ11ies, Rya11l e11l1e1>ris <Jt1el,1t1e~
l111n1cl1cs nt11>1s <I<~ Jn Ligt1e Arr1l>e 1>ot11 l'nl>olition <le ce
g~111l ,I<' l>n1l>n1ic, 11'011t 1i('Jl ol>lc11t1, qt1c <le vngttes J)l"<l-
1
111rss<i.s. C,cl l1<;1il11ge le l'Aanl>ie 111 ''11 1 sic.lc s'eRl 111nll1r.1, ...
1,11s<'111<'11l 1t()fJ11g< c'I 11111irll~1111 <l1111s IC's nt1l1<'s 1>nys 111trs11l-
1111111s. llnt~c>11tn1ll les l1011<'t11s co111111ises <!Il Alg1ic 1>n1 les
gr11s (111 Fl..,N <lt111111t l'fl<~ (le 192, le jo11r11al IJn F1,111,r
<:,,t/10/iq11r. sig11nle, c11l1e nt1l1cs cll<>s<'s, {ln11s ::;<111 11 ,1,1 21
s<'1>l<'111])1t~ lf>f,2 : Il )' n <'t1 <le nos n11cic1ls sol<lafs (,/,.~
lr,11/"i...;) 'I 11'<l11 n . <'<l111111c11t c1i1c ces cl1oses ? ~c><lo111iss st1r
l:1 Jllnce 1111l>liq,1c : ln sc11e, <ln11s 11 11 cli111nt isln1ni,1,1e,
l(~ll1C)g11c {ltt 1111,1is <ttt ()ll 1>01lc n ln v iclin1e >. Si l'nt1tct1r
1
tl<' l'111li(le ,,r,1l ,lit<' 11n1 Il, qtte ces sc~11cs 1,ct1vc11t se Jll'<l-
(l11i1t' sn11s lir(i<.~ttll cl,ez clc\s 111t1st1l1nn11s, soit pot1r 111n1c1t1C'r
le 111<t1)1is c11vf'1s clcs vt1i11c11s, soit Jlclt11 prclfllc1 ~1atis cl<"' ln
l,(,1111(' n11J,ni11c <Jtli est ni11si ofTe1lc nttx ,nin<1t1c111s, il n
1;1is,,11. J\.lnis il 11,111s f1,t1I 1en1nrc111e1 n,1ssitt q11e l'islr.111
1111ll1c11lic111e 1i1>1,,l1vc l'~s nclc.'s. C'est l'l~ln111 111n1gi11nl f;tllti-
,,,1(\ 11111 les A1nl>cs ,,,,,~ ln 111<,1t <111 1nl>l>i11, cl i1111>ln11l (lnt
,~11x <l1c~ IC's 1,e111llts 1111'ils 1ft1ssi1e11l a', 11ssi111ilc1, fftli o 11,1l<l-
1i,,; ,.,,s 111<t't11s <<1111l,a1(ft1cs Jl111 le 1nl1l,in. I~,, isln111isn11l
l<'s l1iJ,11s <l11<~ti<"'1111Cls cle l'Afri<111e <lt1 N<l1<I, les r11v11l1is-
s<'111~ les c111I r112ll>is,;es. (:p <JllC 11<ltts CC)ll~lnto11s n,1jot11<l'l111i
l:111s l<'s p:l~'s g11r11-!1r11rs tln1 ln l1,1e nrnl>ico-isln111i<Jttt', r'('sl
1,, ,il'C 11t1,111el s'11,l>1111nie11t )es A1nl>es (<l a11s ln vie co11rn,,1r,
s:111s c11 co11ccv(,i1 111 111(>ntl1e ve11. (l>g11e, ('I co11l1e ler111cl il
s,,,,,,,.,. ci11c' le 1nl)l)i11 n l11ll voi11cr11c11 t e11 rn<.'Olllnnt l'llis-
l>i1(' ,lt' J.,,,111. 11 111>1>1111,il l>l'tl c111c le!II A,nl.>cs, 111111e isli1-
111isf'~, 11',,nl .in1111tis fl1is 1><lttr e11x-111111es les rc11rocl1es
n,l1C'ssf~ n11x S<l(l,l111l<'s. (S(,111. XXI, 71) : c: A J.,oll1, no11s
''''(llls clcln11<; lllt1111i11nti(>n el Srie11te et No11s l'nvo11s sn,,,,~
(1e ln C.il <111i 11e11,l111il IC's lt1111ilt1<lcs ; xx,r11, fifi-rifl :
(ll111>11clle l'ltisloite ,le) J.. otl1, (JllAO(I il <lit n S()n 11et1plc :
~ ,r,)11s livr<'7. .. vo11s i, ln "f,t1r11ilt1<le nlo1s <111e votts les (~lni1-
,,1~r111ls ? Pn1 co11c1,1lisce11<~r. en vrit, co111111etlez-v<,t1s
1r1<lc tic cl1ni1 nvcc tl('S 11011111,cs et 11<>11 avec <les fcn1mes ?
>r,
""'9 ,
~l(ll1A~J1'11~0 F;N l'f.l~IN l~tANOIJISSl~~ll~NT
\"1:1i111C'11I ,.,,,,~ lr~ Jlc111,lc ig1101n1,1 (011lc- loi > ! ; XXIX,

t111
27 : (_l\lrr1lir,1111,) l.,clll1 ,,11n11,I il <lit n so11 J>c11plc : c: 1~11
\(,,iti' \'(lits pr11>rl1r1., rer(es, ln 1'tl llllltl(lt\, N11I (1<' cc lllOn(tC
Jlr f'n ('(l1Jtlll1Sf' n,,;111( \'f>llS. l~tl , 1 1itr, ()fl1 C'(lllC111)SCCnCe,
,.,,,,s ('(l111111t'I le'?. 1n,t,, I<' <l1:1i1 nvC'c <les l1,lt11111rs t'l 11<>11 nvcr.
clrs fr111111"~- \prni111r11I ,n11: ~les 1111 11c111llc i11111i<' >. - J..,n
l11111il11,I<' :, ,1,l1tr, ,l:111s 1<' ln11g:1g~ ~l:1 1nl,l,i11, clr11x ~ig11ico-
lfllts : 1") S(l(l<Jltl(' ; 2) r,,111i,:1li,111. I~f (~'rsl 1:, 1,1111iltt(I<~
~,111c; (<II<' ,1,,t,lalc r,,1111e 1111i1 ~,,,11l>i1l cl1c'1. les t\ ,nlcs. l\'l11is
ltftlts flc,flll!, l'C'f'f>t111nit1r. fJtlc le 1:,l,l,i11 c~t Jlo111 1111c r,1illlflc
1,n1l 1(\s11,111snll)c clc Sfln Jll"flJl1e i-tl1<'C s111 ces <lcttx 1>c1i11ls :
les A1:1l)rs ,;ltli(11I l<'lle111<'11l <'nfo11cs fln11s le ,it~r, t111'il nvnit
c111 11,<'ss:1i,,\, n11 (1<;1>t1t ,If' sr,11 n1> 1sl<llnl, fic lc111 J>1,,.111c'll1c,
,,,,111 Ir~ !llli1c1 :', ''tll1,,,,, l:1 1rco1111>('llSC ,l'tlll t>fll"Jlfs 1,e,1-
1)1(' <l't;1,l1c'l)rs (lf ,le 1,,,,,1is ; il (' tll l,c:111, n 1\lc~,Ji11C', f:1i1c
111n1l1r :111i,1c, f'I .irl<'I" 111l ,.lilr. s111 J':,s1>r:\11n1 (le ce
1>:11:1(li~. frs 11111strl1,1:111is,'s 11'c,,1l,li{\1r11l j:11111,is lrs ,,,,111i1f\s
1>1,,111<"~~r~. <J11i ,lr111e11,:1i,,,11 crites (l:111s Ir.~ Arlr.~ ,Ir.
l'f_f,1111. 1,:11111i le~ s<l1,111n~ (lr. Jn Jl1~(li<:1I(lll jt1i,,c i1 l .. n l\l<'<~-
11,r. J .. r. l<11t f)tl 1n)1l)ll f11I c)r. 11r. JlnS fl<~l111i1l' CC'S Jll.C'llle1s
f<'IIll,fs f)'1111r nflfl(Of{(~(fl11C ptO\'Sf)l'~t f)<,~llll(~C O <fSJ>n1:1-
l1C' clr\1,111 I( <:,,,.,,,,.
Ir ~<'1111.1,1tP. Ill~ Jllt\1~,:rr<>N . co1111,ns(~ flnr
l11i 11<,111 l1s /\1 n1,t'S 11111s,1l111n11is~s. A,1 ''f)r. si<'c~lr. 1:1 cl<1t1-
l,Jr. l1111,il11cl1' ,,,,,, le 1nl,J,ir1 l~11lc ,l'ttl)(lli,. rltrz les A111l><'s
c'lnil ()1'i:'1, flf'fll1~ Jc,11gl<'lllf>S, ~(t\'('I.C'lllCllf }ltlflC cJt(\7. )C'S
.J11ifs. 1~<'~ sc,,,ilct11s ,l11 l\i~11f:lile111 >, 111ocln111r-l-il i, ln
fi11 ,Je, l:1 ~f"r,)11,lr. ,,,~1i,l<lf" 111<'r,111c,i~r, - clf>llC n1,1s ln 1~clnr-
licl1l ,111 <:,,,.,,,, ---. s,l11t <ct1x r111i 1111,1cl1r11t st11 ln l<'11c,
111,1,lf'slcr11f'11l <'I ,111i. i11lr11><'llt;~ llnt lts S:11,s-T.cli, 1~1,,>11cl~11l:
S:,t,,, " : (flti 1):,~~C'tll l:, 1111il <lt'\'fllll lr111 s,li1~11et11, Jll'Os("rr-
ll(~~ (t'Cl111111r lc's .l11ifs) (lit clC'l>o11I ; q11i lisr11l : S<'igr1c11r,
ff<~l,ltll.llC' clp llflll~ )(' r()lll'lll<'llt clc ) Il (il1r11ne, cn1 Sflll '("flllf-
lllCllf rsl 11111111<'111 i111111:111e11l .. ; <111i 11<' p1iC'11I 11<1i11t nvcc
)"1,11,,(' titi<' :11111" <li,i11il~ r.l ,,,,;, si11,l11 f'll tlroil, nr. lt1C'r1I
JlnS 1<'111 ~;r111l,l:tl>lC' (Jlf{' ''1111,,,(~ n fnit snr1~, (~EIJX F.NFIN (Jtll
NI: l='(lnNlf_)l'l: NT P,\S. C.C'J11i flll rnit t,1111 <'<'l:1 COllllll<'( 1111 Jlfl~l1~
,,,,111 lC'Cftirl le 'l"<,11r111e11t J><)t11 l11i s,,,n (l,1111>1t-. (XX\', (;t-fi!l).
f.C' ln111111r11I sc,n ,10111,1~ 1>n1rc c111'il ~' n fl,,t,l>lc 11~cl1:
0
l>',tl1(~ gt 'llt~1nl f)'itt0(1C'1(C', <'l f\tlfl"<'~ llf<l1fs Sf)fC"i(i<ttlP.S frltt-

lllPl'rS cln11s ('Cs ,c,scls. l_.:1ilcs l>ir11 nt1,,nli,11. ,1<1,n,,ls 1
XJ 111, :i l-:1:; : (:<' c111i si n111)1i'~ tle 1'1111,,(~ (si 111cillc111 cl
flf'1<l111:1l,I(' 1,0111 c,,x r111i 0111 c111, <111i s'n111,11iC'11I s111 lf'11r
SC'ig11C'111, ,,,,i t\,.il<'11I lcs l1<'s g,n,<'s J>t~r.1,~s cl <'s l1111,il11-
tlC'~ ~ : flll 1;11,,,1cl<"'l1r1n <e ''<'ts~I (1<' 111 ::;tlt1111(<' J.,JIJ. :12-:1;1 :
A '\p:111,, ,; :1111>111lic11l <"t' 111i t'sl t1n11s l<'s cic11x cl s111 la
I.. ES FEMMES - PI\INCIPES NONCS PAR LE RADDlN 27
lc1re, nfin <Jtt'il 1>1111isse cct1x qt1i ont fnil 1nnl, et g,atific ccttx
<Jtli 011t bien fait, <le Ja l1s belle (1con1pcnse), celtX q11i
, ilc11t les lts g1n,,cs Jlcl1s et les t11rpiltt<les (et ne co111-
1
1>1rlte11I) q11c <les vlilles 1 Qt1e le Jecte11r ne passe 110s n

,,,,c nllt1re (lcvRnt ce lcxlc. Qu'il esso ie }lltttt de <le,ine1
cc Cftte ln c ciog111nlic111e > <le l,Isln111 en a ti1 I El, l>icr1,
'''>il ; C'co11lez, cl s,>ycz sricttx :. c I .. n <log111nliq11c cle l'ls-
l:1111 >, c1il "l",lt A11(l1nc (fn11~ son <lttv111gc J1ln/101ncl. sa ,,ir.
1/ .~<l t/t1r{1i11r., (lflt-((~S l8-17!) (OtlVl'Oge lrn<lltf gtce fi llllC
s11l,vc11lion fot1111ic 1)n1 le Secrtn1iat (l'Etat n11x Col<>11ics
( ! 1!), ~l 1rs11111 v11li111c11t cxtrnorcli11ai1c lie lo11les Jes s<>l-
tiscs isln111irr11cs), lit clo~111ntiq11e <le l'Islon1 n <lpei11t le
f>1-c>11l1<'lc sn11s 1,c.l1r > ..Je 11'i1lve11lc 1ic11. C'est c1it e11 l<ltt-
1,s ltll1cs, sn11s lrl 111oi11cl1t~ c<>11sc('nl~<' <111 1iclic11le. ))'1,il-
lc111s. il (l\1:,11(>111et) 11'11 ('<l111111is f\t1ct1r1c fo11lc g1nve ; l<ltll
1111 1>lt1s 1,(~t1l-<>11 lt1i i111Jl(>S<'r <les tlcl,s v.11icls Cftt,il :t
l ('(~()IIIIIIS SllllS )' r1i1c lltlltt111c11l ,,ttc11ti c,11 >. C'C'sl lcll~lll(\111
0
sl111>iclc <ttt'c11 1ect>J>in11t celle tJngc <le 'l"<>t A 11<l1ne q11'<lll

f:1il i11g111gilc1 n 11<>s l11(lin11ls, je 11e J>l!ttx 111'e1111>rl1e1" (le
1i1~ 11r1x t'cJnls. N'l1t;sil<>t1s Jlils n Je <li1e, c'est vroi1ne11l cl<'
l,l ~1:111,lc i<liolit~ 1 1~1 le' lcxlc co11li11t1c : C'est, cl1cz J\l:1l1(>-
111rl, 1111 l1:1it ~~1111>=tll1ir1,1c, ,le 11c J>ns ,,o,11oir scn,l>lc1 11n1rnil
,,1 s:111s 1c1,1otl1<', el <l'ttV(lt1cr c111vc1lc111cnt fftt'il csl nfflit{t
0
'
,J'i1111,,!1rcrlio11s ri fit' fnil)lP::;srs (,,111111c lt's n11t1E's l1cl111-

111C's . - 011 ,01111,1p11fl1n cr11'nV(IC <le lcls C<l111111e11l11i1rs.
,111c .'' ,,,,1111:1is 11111l lif"'lic1 snrts \><'11e, j't1llc11<1s 11vcc s1tt11ilt~
l:1 1i1><lslc rie 110s g1i111<ls cc>1nnisn11ls 1
llic'11l1t'111r11x s0111 IC's C:1(,Jn11ls 1111i, ,l:ln~ let,, fl1i~r<-', S(lltl
11111111,IC'S, (f II SC ,1~1,,11111c11l ,le ln ja,cltl llCe, f(llll l'Alllll()II<'.
11'(>111 ,le 1ttfll<J1ls ,111'n,,cc 1~111s co11ct1l,incs : (<ln11R ce cr,~)
ils 11e S<>lll 1,:1s J,l:11111,l>le~, to11<lis q11c re11x (Jt1i co11,oilf't1l
,l':1111,C's (c111c les l(t11s) so11l )C's lrn11sg1t:i.ssct11~ 1 (XXIII, 1-7>.
l . 1, c1o<>11vC'1sio,1 ~l ln 1cligi<>11 .it1ivc 11n ()ltR t1n11sro1111~ cl11
.i,)1,1 1111 IC'11cle111,1i11 (-- y n11ivrrn-t-el le jn111a,is ? -) l('S
111,1111s 1111,l><'s : N<' l11cz J>ns vos enfn11IR 1>n1 c1oi11lc fl11
,lc'11,1c111c11t I Nc>tl~ lc't11 ntl1il>tl<'1011s oi11si <Jtt'it vo,,s (I<~
11c;('<'~s11i1c) : les l11cr esl 11nc g,nn<lc fnt1le. N'n1>p1ol~l1<~
1>,,i11I ln r,,111icnti,>11 : c',,sl t1ne t11rpilt1(le et c111el 1nn11vnis
<ltC'IIIll 1 > (s,,111. X\'IT. :13-:l 1) ; V(li1 n11ssi XVI, n2 : Ynl1,,
f>1cl,l1l11c l'fq,1it, ln J,ic11fnisn11cc cl ln Jil>1nlil cnvc1!i Il"~
,,,.,,<lies. JI i11tc11il 111 lt11pilt1<le, l'nclc l,lmnllle cl l'i11s,,-
l <' 11 c c- 11 ,, ,>11 s e ~ 11 , , t e, es fl r o n t q t 1e J>c 11 t- I r c v o 11 s ,, , l t Is
lllll('llCIC't'CT. > : V<lir nt1ssi XXIX, '11, vl. trr~ 1>ro1>nl,1<\1ll('III
111t;li11clis : f:(>111111,111i,111e (l\ft1l1n111n1c<l) cc q11i tn l 1~vfl
28
;\f()ll.\~f~ll:r, l~N 1r.1-:1N El,,\NOUISSl~~IENT
(Je l'l~t1ilt11r ! ,\t<(11111>lis 1:, (>1i1e, coi l:1 Jlri,c i11te1<lit ln

1" 111'( > ( l l ( JC l' l JC } \ f{\ l 11 fi I>) C > .
<:1,l)'n11ls ,111i ,t,11lrz. fr1111C'111e11I cl s~11s l1~1,ot'1isit'. J)1otir111rr
le jt1<lnstlt<', .ir ,c,11s l'('C"<lt11111n11lc :111ssi (le 11c 1>:1s cll',g)1011,,1c1 nl>n
1>1l IS \" Cl S r Jl () l 1s l' S, 11 ICS l SC t ,. C5 .
1.. es 1sci,cs :
1. (:~11x 1t1i ,isc 11I 1,s 1psrr,,(;f'S > fl~111s )f'ttt l1cl11nct11) sn11s
1
e 11 s 11 i l e 1>1( , , 1t I i 1 e , 1, 1;1 l 1e It; 111 , , it 1s. f1n g ~ 11e z -1 c s (1t? f [ 11 a t r c-

,, i 11g 1 (. ()l t 1)s ( 1(' f (, l 1 (' l (' 1 11 ' 1l C (" C 1)1(' ;: 1)1' 1s .i n 111 n i s IC l 11. 11' l () i-
g11ngr r (:C'tlx-1:, S())ll l<'S I>erv('J'S.
fi. lc111
l~X('('(tltlll f:1il<' )l()ltl' ("PtlX (llt, ('JlSt1ile .. S()lll l"C\'CllllS (s111
ncr11snlit11,l t~I se sr1,111t 1rt111,1s. ''1111,v(~ est c11 c(<'l n)>so-
l e l 11 C 1 111 is t; 1. i(. () 1 (1i e l I X (; l8) .
2:l. {JtlC f'('IIX fftli \'S<'ll( (<'Il fct11 IIOllflC'lJI) les rrSC'l"\'(~('S >
i11s,111rit't1srs (111nis) c1c1,n11lc's, soi,,111 111:1t1<1ils r11 ln (\'ic)
i111111c',,li:1lc <'l lle111ii,1l' ,,\ c11x 1111 i111111c'r1~;c l1111111r11l (:l!)).
1
r.es
r11011ses :
O. (1~11 ("C 'ltli tr11t<l1r) ,~c,,x <111i ,,is<'nl 1<!t11s ~l><ltlSC'S (lnr1s lc111
ll(lllllC'III') sn11s fl\'()1 ('(' lt lll(lllS l101111is ('tlX-llll~lllC'S, le
1
01
lt lll(lg11:,gr cl<' cl'1 11x <"<>nsislc'111 C'll 1111r ((t1ncl11111le

rl1n<1111 1
11llcsl:1litlll, J>nr ,:11,,,.(;, (11ffi1111n11I) (<Ill~ le clr11011cintc111) C!il

ctttcs Jln1111i les ,,<;ri<li<1t1es.
7. (s11i,ir (l')1111c ,i11c111i111p (:1ll<'slill cl11 n1>1><'l:111l) 1n 111nltlic-

li(,11 1r ,:,11,,l~ Rtlr lt1i, s'il est 1>11r111i les 111C'11lrt11s.
f .,('S () Cil X :
R. 1. . c' 1, 111111 r 11 1 s r 1n 1c; 1c>, , r11r. (1c I r1 ( f" 111111 r v is ~ c ) , 1>n 1 l n rr 11 n -

,l1111)lr :1ll<'~lnliclll cil\ l't'llc-,-i, n11 110111 ,le "\'1111,v, c111c (s<lll
nc<'lrsnf(ltt1) t'sl c.crlcs 11n1111i les 111cnlc11rs,
!J. (s11i,i,, cl')t111e ci11r111t'111c (:1ltrsl1lliclll n1>1lcl:111l lt1 ccll1c tlivi11c

s111 ,,fJe, si (s1r1 ncc11s,,tc111) csl 1,nr111i l<'s ,1icli,111C's.
10. N'<'t1ss<'11l 'Ir ln

fn,,c,11 ,le "\'nl,,,.<' cnl1e ,,o,,s
cl Sn 111ls1i-
t'>rcl,, ri (11'r1'1I (~li') ffttc ,~nl1,, C'sl 1f,,ocnll't11 el sr1gc (ils
nt1rni<11t ri<; :1llci111~ 11nr 1111 lo111111e11t i111111c11sc) (10).
( :J R) St , , 1 ,. . X X 1\. . -1 fi
(:l tl) 1l) i, I. 2 :l.
(40) 11,;,1. 6 10.
LES FEM1'1F:S - PntN(~ll 1 ~S f:NONC.S PAR LE RADBIN 2n
(~1oynnls 01abcs, 11c c,,11voilez J>ns les fe111n1es qt1i ne \'<ltts

RJ>pa1tic11ne11I J>ns ; 11e liv1ez 11ns vos esclaves la prostilttlio11 ;
si vo11s tes clillntnires, gnr<lez la co11lincnce. Ne t101n1>cz J>ns vos
fc!tt1111cs el fftlc vos f e111111cs 11e vo11s lron111ent pns. Ne vo11s laissez
1>lt1s nllc1 tltlx oclcs (le lt111>ilt1<lc. Attention nt1ssi ln cnlon1nic ;
,ilcz <l'nrc11ser les n11t1es ,1'1111 1nnl q11'ils n'<>nt J>ns commis. li l'St
1111iv<~, je le snis, - <lit le 1nl>l>in - , q11'11n petit grot1pe cl'e11t1c
vc1t1s s'est 1>1sent n ln Co111111t1na11t avec 111 cnlo1nnie. Ce n'~st pns
\'<>tts r1t1e celle cnl<>t11nic n fnit lott, tnnis n ce11x q11i l'ont Jlrof-
1c. (:f'1>c11<ln11l, c11 celle ci1constn11ce, vot1s vot1s tes montrs t1n1>
fnil>1es ; ,,ltls n'avez 1>ns r<'ngi nvec vigt1c111. Vo11s a11ricz <lt f>l"(>
(111111,1 J,it'll l1nt1l cl llic11 rc>1te111c11t q11e vot1s n'occe11liez pas CC'S
1>n ,. <l les <1, 1() r1111 i e l I s fl s . 1>(, 111, 1t 1() i 1r s a cc t I s n t et1r s n c s o n t - i Is ll t l s
,t('1111s :1,c'(' c111nl1c l(~t,l(>i11s ? Ils 11'nvnie11I r>ns tic t111<>i11s ; c'est
(lt>ll(' c111'il8 111t11tnic11l I rl"clle esl ln loi cle Ynl1,,~. Et V<>tls nvez l't'tl
11t1x J)rt1,ll<'s ,1<! Cl'S 111P1llrt11s 1 , 1 ot1s vot1s tes fnit le111s con11>lit<>~
c11 (li,,11lg:111I celle cnlo11111i<'. A ,,os )'et1x, ln cnlon111ic na pns <l.i111-
J>c>1t:111c<' : 111nis n11x )'et1x cle 1'nl,,,,, c'esl ltf\s grRve I Ne co111-
111flll1. 1,l11s j11111nis 11n1<'illc f1111le. C'est Ynl1,v q11i vo11s le
tlP111n11clt :
t 1. ((:1(,,n11ls

1) Cl'tJX c111i so11l vc1111s nvcc ln cnl<ll11nie S<lll( 1111
1,rlil g1(>t111c (l'c11tre volis. Ne c1oycz 1>ot1rtn11t pos q11e (celte
tnl<>r1111iP) soit t111 111111 1>(>11r vo11s I A11 co11lrni1e, <'Ile est 1111
l,i,11 t>(>t11 v,,11s. A cl111(~1111 ,le cc11x qt1i l'ont c<,l1><>rlr, cr
111'il 11 c,,111111is (Je J>l;tl1r, Pl i, cel11i <111i, pnr111i c11x, s'est
(l1111g ,le l'cssc1,licl, 1111 l<.>t1r111c11t i111n1e11sc 1
12. T~,,,s<111'ils 01,t l'nlen,111 (c<'lle cnlo111n iC'), <111e le>~ C10)1 nnls Pl
IPs c:1,,,,nnl(\R 11'onl-ils. Cil c11x-111111es, co,1jcclt11c fnV(ll'fl-
l,lr111C'lll I Q11~ 11c se so11t-ils (tis : c C'est t1nc cnlo11111ic
n v,,,cc 1 >
1:1. ()11(' IPs ncc11snlrt11s 11'01ll-ils, h ce 1,1011os, 111'olt1il q11nl1r

l(;1,1,1ir1s I N'nyn11I t>ns 1110,l11it <111nl1c l111oi11~, ce!-1 g<'ns,
clr,11111 Y11l,,,,, sc111t (les 111e11lr111s.
1,1. (l~l ,,<,11s C:10,n11ls), n'rt1s~e11l l IR fnve11r ,le Ynl,w~ cr1vrrs

'
\'fl11s et SR l)1is1icc11cle, e11 ln (Vie) I1111nPflinle el <lerni-rr
''()lts nttricz ~l nllri11ls pnr tin to111111ent irnn1c11sp pflt11
l'c1'11,,1c h IA<fttcllc, ''(ltls vo11s le~ livrs, en colr101ln11l (le
''>11<' l:111g11e et c11 <1isn11I (le voire l>ot1cl1e ce dont vott~ 11'ovrz
11t1ll" ('(>t1r1ni~~n11re. \'(111~ co11111tC'1. ccln 1>0111 l>11i11, nlcJ1!i <fll('
(1t' \' :1l l ( Yn Jl \ \' r C' CS I 111 l l I e 11 !i C.

~I ()J JA 1\11\Jl~ll l~N 1 1.. 1:IN EPANOU ISSEP.IENT
1
l!'i. ().11:111(1 ,t,11s 11,,,z e11l<'11cl11 (<clic ,nlt111111i!l) q11c 11'ov('z-v,,11s

<lit : 11 11"esl ll:,s (le' 111111s rie 1>:l1le1 <le ccli1. (S<.ignct11),
glt>I'(! :'\ 'l"c)i 1 (:'est llllC IIIIIIC]ISC i11fn111ie 1 >
l(i. ):,11,, ,(111" <'xl1c,1lc :1 Il<" 1,l11s jn111nis c,>111111rlt1c c~ln, si vo11s
t'lrs t'tc,,:l11I~ ( 11 >.
~
(:c lc,1,~ lcxl<' flr l:1 sc,111n1c XXl\7 fnil l~vi<lc111111c11l t1ll11sio11 n
llll r:,it JI (lSl ("('t l:1i11 ,111'1111 certai11 1101111,rc (ll~ c:1c>y1111ls
l"l)llt'trt.
f,111 1:1t<,11l c111rlf111c r:1il ,111c 1r11se111l>le ,I<.' ln c,,11111111111111l j11gc
,:1l,111111ic11x, 111:1is cc,11lt<' ll'<tttcl t'llc 11c 1ngil ,111c ltC's Jllf>ll,11,~1,t ;
l,,,n,1,<,ll)> ,,,1,t 1,,.~1111 j11!~f111'i, 1t'l'<~1r1 11vcl~ ("(>lllJ>l1,is1111cc ,<'I (~v-
11<'111c11I 1>1t'\j11tli,i;1l,I . l,1t'jt1,lici:,l,l<~ l1 <(t l '/ Nc>tls 11'c11 s:1,'<llls 1ic11.
(J.11cl rl:1il t'(I ,,, .,1C'111, 11l '! N,,11s llC le snV()IIS ))llS <lll\'fllll:1gc. ,,
:1- l- i I r 111 <' 1cI l 1c- 1 :, J , 11, , , 1 e 111,.c c c l l c l n Io 11111 i c l' l l\ 1c, 111l 111111, ~ 1 '/ N l l l 'i
l'ig11>1,,11s lc1l:1lc111<11l. l 1l' lextP, ,111r. 11cl,1s nv,>11s i, clcssci11 Jll:\<~
i11IPg111lc111c11l s1,11t.. 1,s ~-(11x ,111 l<tle111, ig11t,1c ,,l,s<,ltt111c11t lc,11lcs
("('S ,,,rcis(lll''i. <:c ~i1c11cc llC f:1it PviclC'llllllClll 11ns l'nn1,i1c (lf's
(c,1:111isi,,,,~ (I cl<'s ,,1i,11l;1lisl( S 111i, cc1111 111c il f:,llnil ll()llS
1
~r nlle11-
cl1,,, l1c111,c,,c11I cl:,11s l<s t11111,ls 1sc1"Vf'S (le~ lc11r i111ngi11:1li,111 le
r11c1~C'll clc ('Cll1111lc 1 lc'S li1Cllll(."S cltl lt"XIC. (: Cl" vn JIC)IIS J>Cl111Cll1e, llllC
f(ais I<~ tllt1s, cl':1111,1,tie1 le111 st1l,li111<' cxt~gc:"l'. fl<>111 l'tlx, ,t'S vcr-
~,ls etc t,, S(lt11:ll<' XXI\' ,l:1tc1r,ic11l <le (i~(;, cl vis~1nic11l 1111c i1(l':1i1c
clc 11111ngc. (:',,si 111:1g11ifi<Jtlt' 1 1\lcll1n111111ctl 1>111t ,11 (~1l1111>1,g11t' Jl()ltt
11111i1 ),s 11111sl:1lir1il<''i : <l il r111111i11c cln11 s C<'lle ,x1~cliti,,11 si1 <l11c
1
l"t111111c J\t l111, l ' f' <111i tc'111c1ig11P cl<' Sl)ll 11,,11 ,trt11. 1\1:,is 1111 1( l<lt11, 1
J!is~ 11111 sc,11 ~,,c,cs. I<' itr:111,I g11(11it1 C'ttl 1111 111,1111c11l cl'c>11l>li. l .. c
111111><111<'111 clc,-:1il c'\(1c ,;11,l>li s111 1111 lilll nsscz clt('<>11vc'1l, <~111 'A<l1n
,l111 s'c11 ,;l,,ig11P1 1,1,111 s:,tisf11i1,, scs J,,. sc1i11s 11nl111r.ls ( 12); 1,e11,la11l
1,,,,i,1r1li,,,,, (lll ('Ill lt' lt'lllflS le ''"VC1' le ('fllll)l el tlt.~ 11n1li1 SllllS
l'f'lllfll"(fllC'I' Sflll t1J1SPll("('. ))',,,1l1C's nrfir'lllCII( CfllC C<'l <~Vtl('lllf'll( se
fl:ls~:, cl1111111I 1111,, 111:11<11<' 11clcl111-.1c (1:l). Sn11s <lcl11le, 1111,ll(fltes
:11111c''t'~ 1,l11s li",I, ',\cl1:1 :,111nil J>II 1cjc,i11<l1c lit ,:,1,1v:111l' a', 1:, (t,t11sc;
c''lnit 1111,, g11111,t,, s1t<>1ti,P : tl1c ;1,,11il tl ji1 J,all11 I\l>l111111111cI i, l:1
,c,111sc; 111nis :', l'tlle i11>r111e, elle n,:1il 111is ,lr l'c111l>c,111><1i11I, ls,it
1('\.l'llll<' lit\ ,,,.,, ,,1,tlS!,\ C', f'I llC Jlttl ,nlisl'I" 1):1,cill<~ )ll'l'ro,-
1
111:111,c' ( 11). (~11l:1i11s 111C',,11lC'11t ,,,,~tic s'lnil {'gr11<'e c11 tl1c1cl11111l

1111 <,,llit1. t l11e l'<111111c' tic tltrs c,11 <le 111t, i 11s, ,c 11'csl 1ic11. l ..,n11cit"11
(11) Sc,111. X~~I\', 11 - Jf,.

( 12) t.1,1lan11,111:1,I Il ,~111,1 1.1 ..,11,
1 t.,. ,,,.,,,,J,rtr
,le 11.~1,,111, 10111c 1, 1>. 1:,8.
1.. 11,rnirie Vri11, 11 :11 i" l!l~,!). <,,lltrli,,11 l~t,11lt's f\ll1s11l111:111<s >, S<>lls l:1 lia(<-
lirln tic 1~. (~il~lt, ,-1 lt' 1... (~nr1l"I.
(13) llr ..\,:11i:11F., ,,,,. ,il .. 1. 111. 1,. lll()f,. :11111 . cl11 ,1. 11.
( 11) 1\1 . IIAl\111)1 1,1 .\fl, (JI. ('I. t. 11, Il, fi7!J.

I .. ES FEM1'1ES - (>I\JN(:llEs ENONCES PAR LE nAillJIN 31
s11lln11 clt1 l\f:11,><!, l\l<>l111111111csli11nie11I,
l'c,11l1r. lo11lcs les l1tt(lili,111s isln111i<111cs it O)lJlelcr 1111 c rc,i >, et qt1i
1>lt1s csl .. 1111 1<,i c l1t"<lilr1itc ~, ne s'c11 sc,nit 1111ne n1>c111, s'il
,1v:,il 1>rt(lt1 1111e ,le ses t,,,is Cll1 <Jt1nl1e ce11ls fe111111es I l\fo11n1n111r<l
,111i, il (_'('lie <'l>(l(Jttc, 11'y 1cg111<l11il 1>ns 11011 lllt1s (le si 1>1s, s'e11 nprr-
~L1l tc,111 <le 111111c. <:'c'sl c111e 'Acltn 11'ti1il }lns 11'in11>01lc <(tli 1
C:'tnil lit fille cl'Al><>tl J\cl{1, 1111 <les Jl r e111ic1s 1nllis, clit-011,
i, ltl f,1i (1~ l\l(>l1n111111c). De 1>l11s, 'Acl1n lnit ttne fc111111c
snv1111lc, 1111r ,,e<l('tle titi 111011<lc )ell1. ornbe : elle s'lnit
s1,f<i:1lis<'t' <l:111s le <11<,if, cc <ftli ne l'c11111cl1nit pns <le se <lislingt1<'1
l,
: 111 s s i (1 11 s 1;, 1>o s i e, 1n 111 ( cIe c i 11c, I'1 1is lo i 1 c <l e I' A r o l >i e, 1es ~ n n -
1
'
l,,gi<'s ,lrs l1il,11s, cl 1111c' fc1t1lc ,l't111l1f's <lisciJlli11es, co1n111c il sicl1rlc >. Q11cl <l0111111ngc (lllC
1111(' rt'llllll(' cftl
l:1 l,il,li,>ll1i,111c 11nlic,11;1lc <le l\l<~<li11c 11~ ll<l tls nit 1ic11 C<>11se1v ,le
Sf'S c1'11vrcs <c,1111>1<'1<:-s f (l(i) ()n co1111>1r11elile l>rC'l>is 1>e1<l11r
.ic1111c l><'~<lt,11i11
,,, l:1 l'lllll<'l111, le sct1lc111enl, fi 1\l(li1,~. C'est lllC)l'S
lt'll(lt'lllflll 11111li11
'llt(' IPs l:111g111s 11lJ,1c11f 1>1,1, l11,i11 1 ()11 .i:1s:1 1 f..,es Jlote~. <lig11l's
1lr,nr1<i<'1s 1lts <l1n11s(>t111i,1s c1e l\l011(111n1l1c, lo111111<'11l q11el<llll'S
,.(,tlt>l(ls <1t,11slilli111ls fotI l~'ll'tl~s <111 1111J)lic~. ()11 col1>01ln pn1lo11l,
111~111t' ('11('7. 1f's t1,,y:111ls, c< II<' :1lfni1r. cJt1i 111cllnil le )">1011l1t\te >
1
(l:111c., 11111' sil11:ll(>t1 1i<lic11fr. ll11e cotc,ic l1oslilc n 'Acl1n ~. --

11,(1,11f P ltl1t<l1<,1c --, c,i, s<' l1<lt1vnil le t><llc 11:tssftn cl 11011111111n,
sc1'111 I< Z:111:1J, 1,1il l'l1isl<,i1c i', R<>ll t"(>t11 1l<'. 'Acl111, 111:1ln,I~, ~{"
\'l t1l,:111tlr>lllll,'(' J>i11 l$11)1()lllC(. {II(! l'(.'Vtl:t(()II -(<fil(' 1'>11 t1f(i1'llll'
t,,,j,lc 1 111r11'11l l~l,c le l(xl<~ XXI\', 11-1(,) - c: vi11I l1ct11cttsc111C"r1t
l'i1111c,1<'11lt'I' ( l>. 1>e1111c11gl1c11 11c le c<'(lc c11 1ic11 n11x n11l1c~ <'<>lt-
11is1111ls 1><>111 l11 fn11l11isic : J.,'<>fll>osili1>11 1clcvnit ln llc. All,rl
1>1<'111:,il (:,:;,) 1 Ali <"(111s,,ill:1it fic 111 1t\tl11clic1. l\1n110111cl, ro11slc111~,
itllc11,lil 1,l11~, (1'1111 111<>is 11r1r. 1,~vc,11,li(>ll (.,i,) q11i fi11il 1>n1 s111,e11i1
l,1t1~,111t111<11I. j11sli(i:111I l'11c(11src cl 1>1<l<,1111n11l ,le 1>1111i1 les c11lo111-
11i;tl<.'111s (XXI,', 11-) :. ( 18). 1
\'r;1i111r11I, je 11'1111ivc 1>11s i1 cc>1111>1c11(l1c C<>111111c11t ,les l1<>111111rs
(ff,) ,,()I' l:sAI) 1:llt\l) 'l'tJOAY, At,,1,n,,,,,,r,i, le [>r,)pl1rlc d'Allnl, : J.,c (:nirC',
10:il, ,,. r,:1. J\l:1i11lC'1tn1,1 <11,c vl11s {lts l,i11 ro11vr1i11t11s ,le l'origi11c j11ivc <l1!
l'Jslr.111 i,1:,I,,, jt ,t>t1s ,,111scillc (1<' li1c f'f'I c,t1,rngr. Vot1s en l'1>1011vfrcz J,rn,1-
,0111 ,,,. ,,1:,isi1 ('( \'OllS V V(\l'l'C7. (JllC lcs 1~,::t\'l>I<'llS. ~l lllO()('l'IIC~ ( t), Il(' clic;-
li11g11t1,1 Jfls C'11c'o1c l'l1isloi,,, <111 1c11,1n11. J.. iv1c ,le tnt1<lc111, ro1nnnrsqt1C'
,li,c1li'is:111I, ri ,11n~nifi<Jllt'tllC't1t 1iclic-11lc. '
( 1fi ) J\' . 1[ ,\ ~ , ,., , ,1.' .,\ l '' 0 />. Ci I. l . 11, '). :, l 2.
( 17) 111.,\f!lll~llR, Of>. ,//. f. l[f, 1l, ((ltlf>-(00ft, :lllfl. rJ11 ,f. 11.
(IR) 1:. l>1~1,P.tRNn11v.N. Afnl1n1,,,,1 ri ln t1n,lilit>r1 i./n111iq1re, ,tnns ln rclfl~r-
lir)tl < "f:1ilrcs s1,i1il11<ls >, E,liti,111s cl11 Sl'tlil, 19f>fi. Celle vie clc ~lf>l1n111111tcl
si <l11 1>111 1,,111:111, sn11s r<>nsisln11cc.

"tC>ll,\~11\fEI> l~N Pl~l:IN EJ11ANOUISSE~IENT
s,',1ie11x nr1i,c11t :1 (c,11fc,11()1<~ 1l't111c fno11 si nl,c11a11lc l1i:-;toi1e et

t'<l111n11cs111c. 1\ ,111i ~<'tnit C't1cli11 i, Ir, 111ln11c<>lic 11et11nstl111itJt1e, je
,.,.lc>111111n11,I<~ ln l<'tl111c ,le l',>11,,,ngc Jtle j'ai 111cnlio1111 11l11s l1n11t,
c11~sn,I F111,c1 r1,11!:l~' ( l~t). <:csl 1111 1l,,e11.{ot1<lnge ,l'i111ngi11ntio11
i1t<l<s(~1i1>lil>le .. Je s:,is l)i<11 1111c tc 11'cst 1>ns ln fo11lc clc l'1111le111. 1~11
1rlil <le 111<\lll<>(lt' 11istc,1i,111c, l:1-Azat e11 C'sl c11co1c n ln J>tioI<! cn10 ..
li11gie1111c,
1
... et je clis cei e11 l<>trlc l>ie11veilln11Lc r <:e -qtt'il )' n
cl 11l1111issn11I, ce 1,'~sl 1,:,s l'ig11c>1n11ct~ ri le 1cl:l1cl S(\Ct1l:1i1c (les
11111s11l111n11s (l'l:g)llf:l, c'est C(llC les l~t1101>c11s i11gt1rgilc11t l(>t1lcs
lc111s fn11lnisirs s:111~ l>t'rl11tl1c1, <,1111111e le g1n11(ls l>n<lnt1<ls 1Pjt111is.
1
J.. c 1s11)(nf, C ( \ ~ ( 1111(' Jrs t?lttcli:lll(S JllllSllllllflllS Cfll \'CllllP.lll f()l'lllCI
11111 C'Sf>til l:111s 11,,s g,n11cls l11slit11ls ('Il scl1te11l cc>111111c ils )' l11ic11t
<'1111-~s. c'(sl-:'1-c)i1, s:111" ~- :1,'<li1 1ir11 n1>111is r11 fi,il clc c1ilic111c l1is-
1,,1ir111<'. I.<' lc-111i11 ,,11,1:1ge c1C' l\f. ll:1111i(lt1ll:ll1 <ftl<' j':ti l'lt~ c11 est
r1cc11e it l'<' sl:,,lr 1l'i11f:111lilis111<', l>ie11 q11e l'nt1le111 sc,il 1111 n11cic11
t'l<',c rie' l:1 S,l1l>,1111,, (!if)). (:,.,1,111<' je 11'ni J>ns l'i11l,11tio11 <le 111c
J: 1 <; S P 1 11 l : 111 <t ' 11 \' 1' f' 1 I>l 11 ' 1(l t 1( t ' S <' l ' S (~ ) l Il" 11I>1. ;l I i<111 S , j (' J11 C C <l 11 1C I l Ie t ) l 1
l1xl<' 1r>>cl11il 1,l11s l1i111I, s:111s 111e 1>c1111cll1c n11c1111 1n1p1ocl1c-
rt1fl11I n,(',. ',\1,l1:1, "i lrllc, lc~g,1r. s:l\'n111C', C'I J>Ot1ssi,,e soit-111<'1 (fil)
J.,( 1nl,l>i11 1< <,111111n11()c, 1l11ssi l:1 111c><lC'sli(' n11x (:1<>\'n11ls et nt1x
1

(:1,1,n11les :
-
:l(). (l\ltll111111111c,I' ) li" :111~ (:1,:11lls ,,, ,'ils l,nissr11I l<'t11s 1,,g:11(ls

< 1 S l i <11 1 <. f 1:l "' t <' ', . ( : P. S (' l ~ 1 J>( 11" <1l~ ( C' 1l I J)( 1l 11 (' l l X \' 1l ) l \ \' ,, CS 1
1i(' 11 i l l r()1. 111 l' (1(' (. C C1, , i Is r(l 11 1.
:11. llis :,1,x (:,-,.~n11lrs etc l,11i~sc'1 lc111s 1<,gn,<ls, ,l'rf1<-. ,l1nslrs, ,le
Il<' 111<)11l1c1 <I" lr11,s 11lf>111s fftl<' <'<~ <ftli r11 1>r1rnit. (Jt1'elle~
111l,,1IIC'11t l1111" ,,,,iles st11 lt1111s sci11s. l~t1',IIC's 1l1,,11l1t'11l s<'11-
l(111,11f 1<'t11s :11,,111s i, l(t11s tl<ltlX, >tl i, let11s 1i'1es. cltl :111x
1,i,rrs clc lt'ttrs (,,,,,11x, c>11 i'l lct11 flls, c>11 1111x fils ,lt lct1rs
,~,ll)ll'C, ()11 :, IPt11s f1,1cs. (ltl n11x (ils ,le lc'tfls r,ircs, (lll flllX
fils <le IC'lll ~ S(l'lll"S,. ()li l l1111s fr1 11111rs, ()li fl le111s C~(l:,vcs,
Cttl i, l(t11s "''1'\'IC'tll'S 111:"tf('S (file 11'1111l>ile l>IIS le~ ,lsi1 (tl11\1--
( l!l) l'r,111 l'l1i~l1i1t' rl Acl1:1. ,,,ir 1,,,i,,, ,.,,. ,il., Il. IR5-1RR. J.. 'i111lc,1r
0
111111,11, fl. JRR : ~ f:11 fic::1111 lf,i; ,(1~1ls c111r 11c11 1c; ,,11c111c, cl<' lrn1,sr1i1r (XX1V,
11.1 fi) ()Il cst r,,, .. 11, 1111,l,1 111111111,n~!(' :lll 1,~1:('('I ,,,, 1t,l:t111 ,,,,1r,,~"'' ('ll\'( 1r. 1
l:1 rr,111111. l':111tlic:: .,,,, ,<'l1111 t:, Jr,i f'f)l ':111ic111t. lttt~ lir11,,i,1s ,-1i1lic111,~ ~,.r-
1
''""''t 11rlt1r ca111l:11111,,-,. 1111 :1c:;'-:1c::~i,1 :'1 111,,,1. il r11 f:,ttl 1r11:1lr, 11,1111 i11c11ft>('I'
11111 f(111111r el':1l11lli1, ... ,\111111,,11~ l:1 1)11 <l11 <l1:11>il11 (Ill(' IIC>ll~ c',1i\ (>J1s,
1
1
: , , :1 , , , c1,, , l f , , , ,. , , , , ; , , , ! , . , , , , , , 1 1i n,1 i I i r.
(5ft) ~I. Jf \'lllll'I 1 \Il. (l/>. t'I . .t\\:111t-J>1.<)pO~.
(:,1) St11 '1\1,.l1:,. ,t,i1 1,,1, ,\t~1>1,,,~. ,,,,. rit. ,,. lfi~. 171, 179. IR(). (:',c;t
ir1<11i. l.r ~<1(1;11 i:,1 l'l~lnl ilttx (:,,t<11irs :1,:1il ,1nit11,11t If' l'n11,tr1,1 ii J(as-
lllllt1 ,,,,,,,. to1111il,11,1 i1 l:1 111l,li,:1lit>11 1'111, ti,1<' ,,,,~si i11sc11~ 1
LES FEM~ll~S - PRINCIPES NONC.l~S PAR LE I\ADUIN :}3
11cl), ot1 nt1x gntons 1111i 11e s011t J>ns (c11core) n11 fait <1c 111
COii f <ll lll n ( Oil (1 CS f Clll 111 CS.
0
Qtre (les CroJ'n11tcs) 11c f1np11en l pns (le sol) tic let11"s
1>je,I~ 1>ot1r 111onl1l'1 IC's nl<>11rs q11 e)lf.'s cncl1ent 1 1
llevl'nez to11s n '\'nl1,v, C1<,ynnls I Jlc11l-l1e sercz-v(1t1s

hie11l1e11,c11x (fi2).
A11x l1,1111111cs c1o)'n11ls, le rnl,l,i11 1cco111111n11(le rlonc <le l>ni~se1
lcu1s 1egn1<ls <'I d'l1c cl1nstes, c'cst-it-,tire ,te 11c pns clsirer ,l'ntt-
lrcs fc111111cs <111e )es lr111s. A11x f~1111ncs croynnles, le rol,1,in fnit
1es 1n~111 es 1ccc1111111 n net nt <ltls, 111 n is en nj 011 t nn t q 11 'e11 es <loivcn t se
voilrr (!'i:l). Elles <lc,ivC'11t V<'illc1 n 11e 111011lr<'1 lf"t11s nto11rs c int-
1i,,,1,s > h J>C'l'S(ltlnP, si11011 t1t1x 1ncn1l,rf's cle le111 fn1nille, et de lettr
l)C 1s()ll lt (\ 1 (14) Ill ('St i,, li(' () li C I'il gc Ill(' t n l' Il 111i (1 l' 1fi conr li Il isccn ('('.
Il rsl 1crt1111111n11cll~ n11x fc111r11es cle 11c pns f1n11per titi Jle<l, <le
fn~,111 n 1el!',,~,. )c\11s vtc~111<'11ts 11011r <lrcl11v1i1 lc11rs Jlnrties sr.xt1rl-
les. J..,~s fC'111111<1s 01nl)cs nvnienl vrai1nc11I lottlcs les rttses l
t>1e11C'7., (~1clJ'1111ls, 1rs clis11c1sili<111s ll(tc<'ssnitcs 1,0111 ~vil<'t" 10111
l~s11trr>1<l r.11l1e vc,11s. \ 1 otl!) tf's <lrs f11cs, ,les sttrs, et ric11 11c
!oil v,,11s (]t\s1111i1. ll'nl>c>1I, 111ff1C'z-,'c>tts <les J>ervets. Soyez s111 vos
g111lcs, 1111:111<1 <>Jl vir11t vc111!i 1n1>1>c11tc1 (les c11os<'S <lsol,ligt'nt1lc's
s111 1111 f1i.. 1c (lll s111 1111c s<1't11 ,ln11s ln foi. Vo11s nccr1>tcz cela lt<lll
r:t<ilc'Jll('III. Si l\follflllllllC(l S(' 11:,il :l ((lllS vos 1a1lpo1ls, VOtlS ('Il
SC'l'C'7. lf's 111c111ir1s JlllllS r (!) 1) Si ,lt'tlX f)fltlis <le~ c:,oyn11ts se
0
<'(l111l:1ll<'11l, 1( 'lnlllissc"z C't1l1r. r11x ln c,111r,11lr. 1 Si 1'1111 1l'c11x Jlf'1-

sisle <11 sn 1i~l,clli,l11 ,,l11l1' l'n11l1c, cc1111l>t1llez (1<~ J>ntli) 1rl,cllc 1,
j11sf111':"1 rC' 1111'il s'i11,li11<' ,lr,:,111 l (>1(l1r <le Ynl,,,, I S'il s'i11<li11e,
1
(;l:ll,lissf'z c11l1c ~11x ln c"<>ll<'f11,lf', n,,cc j11sli(c, cI scl)'<'Z cr11itnl>les 1

''i1l1,,t' ni111f' <,11x 111i 1>1ntic111P11I l'(~c111it. l . f's (:1o)'n11ls sn11I fri',C's.
l~l:1lllissrz ln <<>1J('(lt<1e c11l1p \'OS f1p1cs cl c111ig11cz Y11l1,, I Jl,,11I-
0
Pl1,, ,,,11s sr1t1-l-il f11it 111ist',1l"()t'clc > (!'if>) . 1\1nlg, celle i11sln11lc
1< <cl1111111,11,l:tf io11, l'l1isf(li1C' (lrs A 1nl,rs 111,1st1l111n11iss csl fnilr
1
(.s s (' 1l ( i (' 11 (' 11 l (' 11 I (1r. (' (l 1111 )n ls 111 l 11l I C1s' (' C Il 1e 1i(' s. (1(' Cn l. l l n ~ (' !; e t r C 11 X
flll se~ (1S<'l1( OtljCllll'(l'lltl llltlSltllllflllS C'll ln(iJ, IIC pellSCllf gtl('te 0
(e flt'(;("C'Jlc 1<' lc111 f,>tl(l1llc11r .i11if. V,ltts l\lrs lis c11l1c \'<l11s Jlttr l11
f,,i ;111 Ili,,,, (l'fs,nl. c \'ni,,,,(, ''<>11s n fnil ni111cr ln foi el 11 l'n 1,01<"<'
<'11 ,tt1s ,., ,,,s, lnnf1is 11,1'il Vf)tl~ n fnil (lt~lesler 1'inn<1,~lil, Ir, 1<'1-
V('1si1,,, <'I 1:, ,l,'s<>l>issn1,cc' > (fi!l). \'ivez clone sclo11 vol,c foi. Pot11-
(Jt1c1i ,,>11s 11t()(1t1cz-,,(lt1s 1es 1111s ,le~ nttltrs ? P,,111qt1oi vot1s i11j11-
1iC'z-v,,11s, <'Il V<ltts l11,ili111t 1pri1,1t,,111r111e11I (l'i1111,ics cl <l'i11ficlflcs ?
(>(>tll'(lll(1i tlilcs-v,,1,s <111c <~1l:1i11s 111t'111l,1cs clc ln C,1111111111111111(~
(f,2) Sc,111. XXIV, 30-31.

(a:I) \'c11 1,l11s 1,ns.
(fit) S,lttr. XI . IX. 0-7.
(rift) ll>i(/. 9-10.
;
J\1C>111\ i\l ~11:J> l~N tl~l~IN EPANOUI SSE~I ENr
:,1,,,s (fllC, ,,111ttll(' \'OIIS, ils c1<>e11t fllt l)ie11 lJ11i,111e (ltt
S()lll lll'l.\'('l"S,
Si11:, '! l l1111s 1:, ,ic ,1111li<lic1111c, 111l,11t1ez-,,c>t1s i11<lt1lgc11ls les t111s
J>t)lt1 les llltltcs :
1t. () ((II ('l'IJ)"{';~ ! (J11c <t'l"lllI IS Ile se lll()()llCllt J)O!i <le

\'()IIS
<c1t:,i11s (1111 l 1(s) : 1>tt1l-l1c l<'S 1111,t(tl<\s so11t-ils 111eillc111s
r111< lt's 111t>1111l\tt1s. <J,11C' les fc111111cs 11c sc 1110<1t1e11I 1>oi11t
(1l'11t1l1ls) 1(11111tl'S : t>t11( .. f!l1c lt'S 1110111(~ts S<>lll-cllts 111eil-
l,.11,ls (ftll' lc's 111(>(Jl1c11srs. Ne ,c,11s c~;1lt>11111ir-z 11i11l cl 11c
\"()llS \'r'Xt'7. (ll>ll( 1>:\1' tlcs lll>t>l')J;1 t ic,11s (tljlll'l'llSl'S) r f:<)lll-
)>i{'Jl tlc't<sl:11,le <'sl le 11t,111 ,le Jlrtvc1s ~ 21111i~s (,111'<111 ll
l'l'~'ll) ll t.,i ! (:<~tlX fJII IIP l'l'\'Clllll'(lll( l>J\S (tic lt'lll' f:tttlt~),
1t'll'.'\-J:'t Sl'l"tlll( )l'S (11jt1slt'S.
12. () \'()Il', t111i ('1'<)~'<'7. ! i',ilt'Z <le 11>11c,,11.ic~<l111c1 (s111 i111l1t1i) 1

t:,11:,i11cs <c,11j(<l111rs s,,11l 1>t'l'l1i's. N'<'s1,i,,1111ez 1111s I N'i11-
l1ig11<.z 1:1s lls 1111s c~>ttl1c lts J\t1l1rs I l . . 't111 ,le \'(>lis 11i111(~-
1 I i 1-i l ;'1 1' l :' ' ' ~~ l ' 1 1t l (. 11: ' i l. ( l(! s ( ) 11 l.,. l' 1. t \ 111 ( ) 1 1 ? ,, (l l l ~ I' ,\ t 11 i C z
l' 11 11 (l 1' 1. (.' l 11' ! (: 1: \ g l 1{' 7. ' . : \ 1l \ \' (! t l: 1l \' l' l' ( l~, \' l 1 ( 1 \ V l~ l' S ( 1' \1 ( ) -
(' 11 <' t 11' l' 1 11 l s l' I' l' ( ) I' () (' l l X ( fi (j) .
I.C' ,t,il<' 11,c,111111:111c1,', cl:111s ln s<,1111,lc' XXIV cl XXXIII <"<)11sli-

l11:1il f)()lll' ll'S l('Jllllll'S 1111 lll()~'Cll (le SC }>l'()lg(~l. (~'fttil :ltJssi el
: , 11 i <>11 1 1111 s i ~ ~ 11 t , ( 1c, 1 C' <, >111111 i s s :, 11t e, 1111 c 111 n , r 111 c <1is l i 11l l i ,, r. <1l ~ s
(:1,>_,;111l<'i. (_J.11:111<1 ,111 1c'll<'(>t1l1~1il, (ln11s lc's 111es tic l\1<li11r, t111c
r(' 111111 C \' ( ) i1(.' ('. C 'l s:' '.:' i l i Il 1111 l' (' i i' l l' 11 l (' 11 l f 111 t (' 11 (! f :, is :1 i l 1) n, Ii(~ (1C Itl
0
t:(lllllllllll:11111' cl('S lllllSlll111:111s( 'S. l~C(ltll()IIS le 111l1])ll 1>:11lr111l il

1\l<>llllllllllC(I :
f>!>. f) 11 1,,111111< ! clis :'1 (rs ('ll(lllS<'S, n (CS [illC'S cl llllX fr'llllllC'S <les
(:,-,,~:111ls clt sc11C'1 s,,,. tllcs lct11s V<>I(~ 1 (:t~l:1 sri:, le 11l11s
si1111IP 111c1~,,11 4111'l,Jlcs S<><'lll 1ccc>111111cs cl Ill~ sclC'lll 1><>11l
()fl't'llSl '('S. ,:1l1,, csl 21l>S<)lt1lct11 cl lllS(!l'C(}J'(licllX (:,7).
0
(:C'I I<~ 1,1<''~(1 i1,lic,11 cl11 ,c1ilt' t><'l Sll ,:11,,111 ,,l,Jignl,,i1(, 111n11<I
il s';1gil tic fc111111(\S llllt i11l'S l)lll' ln 111(,'l)(l()IIIISC <'l 11'cs1,11111t ,,111s
1
1) 1111 i l' g e . ( : (' s r('111111 (' s ( l ()i \' C 11 l s ' n 1)s l (' 11 i 1 C C 1) (' 11 (1n 11 t (1C s C l )n r C 1.
(;';(i) ,,.;,,, 11-1 ~-

(f,7) Sc,111. ~\\llf. !i!). f~s\ll 1:.,,,l "rtoA,, o/>. rit.,,,. 18!), ro111r11r1llc ni11si
('C' \'C'l''\(I : ~ 1::,111e,1ili 1111 t1,,1,l1il< sr 1nlfrr111iss:111I tlc 11111s <'Il 11l,1s, lrs
.Jt1ifs ,t ltc; 41: Il, ,,,,crils 11 1 1lc;:1ir11I 1lt1s s'11llnc111'1 t,11, t1lc111r11I n11x (:1<,~nr1ls.
lie; ~11 11111,:1i111I i, 1,,,1,s fc1,111,,~. r11 l,111 l n,1~~111 ,lrs ffllolil,rls <'l (le~
1,,,,1:11,1,1" i1,,tct11l1~ <111:11111 il~ le~ 1c11c,,1111nic11I tl:111s 1:, 111<'. (:'('si ll<>111 le~
1a,i , , , ,, ,, i ,. , , ,, , , , ," r:,i , " , 1, , , ,, 1 , i ,, , , ;1 , ' ,. ,. , :, 1i c, , , s, i , ;, , 11 c : x x x 111 , r. o >
LES FE1'1~1ES - PnlNCIPES NONCS PAR LE RABBIN 35
<l'11to111s ng11icl1ants. Bien C(tt'elles ne soient 11lt1s lent1cs 011 po1t cltt
,,c>ile, il sc1n 111ie11x pot11 elles de co11lintter rester voiles (58).
Qt1n11t nttx Croyn11ts, ils (loive11l se isti11gt1er <les infi<llcs t>nr
ln 111o(lcstie, la pt1(le111. A11ssi viteront-ils . l'avenir d'e11trer lt'9
1
1111s rit('?. les n11t1cs il l i1111>rovistc, ntt risc111e le snisir s11r le fltil
lies (ltivnt1ls qttc 1>ersor111c 11e cl(lit voir :
!>7. () Vf>tls fJtti c1oyez I Qt1e vos esclaves el ce11x (t'entre votts q11i
11'cl11t 1>ns r11core nllci11t ln 1>11l,ert vo11s <lemnn<lent ln pr1-
111issi<1n (,l'c11t1e1, n,,n11l ,le le f11irc) l1ois fois, nvant la I">1i1c
<le l'nt1f>e, qt1n11,I , <>t1s t1posez vos vle111e11ts, ln lllc1i-
1
lir1111c' cl n1,1s ln P,irc <lt1 soit : ce so11t t1ois 11101nc11ls 0,1

l'cl11 11c11l vc>lls s1111l1c11<l1e en vol1c nt1<1it. En <lrl101s tic ces
1110111c11ls, il 11'('sl 1oi11l <le grief votts fuire 110n J>l11s <(tt'h
c11x le pnss<'r les 1111s cl1<z les a11lrcs, (snns <1e111nn<1er tell<~
1><'1111issio11). Ainsi Ynl1,v votts ex1>ose ses co1n111nntle111c11ls.
\':1l1,,, est J>ttissonl cl sngc.
GR. ()11n11cl les e11fnnts pn1,,ie11ne11l la p11bert, c111its flr11,nn-

cl-111l ln flc1r11issio11 (<l'c11t1r1) co111n1e le clemnn<lent ce11x c1t1i
~,,111 lct1rs ni11s r Ai11si 1 a1l~' vot1s expose ses co111111a11(lc-
1
111r11l!;. ''011,, snil 10111 et il est snge (59).

,~ c11l1:,11I lrs llllS cltl)Z les nt1l1es, snlt1ez-vot1s 11111(11clle111r11I,
cl'1111c snlt1lnti,,11 ,,rnt1c clc ''nl1,vr, l>ni c et rxcellenlc. Aitlsi
,,i,11,,,.~ ,,<,11s cXJ><Jse srs c,>111111n11<lc111e11ls. Pe11l-lre rniso11ne1c7.-
,, l >l 1S ~ ( ( ( l) .
()1111111 l, ,,,>s 1r1>ns, v<>t1s 1>ottvez les 1>1r11<1re ense111ble 011 rl1n-
l'lt11 l'fl('Z \'<lll!-1: Il 11'rsl 11111 gt<'f R VOllS ftl J'C C\ ce CJllC VOllS 111n11-
gi('7. 1,<i111f><111~111c11I <ln11s ''(>s le1nrt11es 011 <ln11s les <le1ne11rrs <le
''>s 11i1rs -- 011 ,ln11s les ,lr111ct1rcs <le vc1~ 1111cs - Olt <Ions 1<'s
(f( .. 111( .. lll'CS (,(~ vos r1r1c~ - - (lll cln11s IC'S ,ll'lllet11rs <le ,os s,~1s
t111 <l:111s IPs cll'111r111es ,le ,,os <lttr.lcs pnlc111r.ls - 011 <ln11s les tlc11tt'tt-
1rs clc' ,,c,s ln11lt's 1,11l<'11t<'llrs --- 011 ,ln11s 1<'s c1e111et1rcs ,le vos onclrs
11111lr111cls - Ott <ln11s les <IC'111e111rs le ,os l n11les mnler11clles - 111
(<1:111s 1:, cle111c111c) <1'1111 n111i. N11l g1icf n votts ,le n1n11~cr c11sc1n-
l,I( c,11 s,1,:11111c11I ((;1).
l\l:1is 11'c1t1l,liez jn111nis 'I ttc cc s0111 les l10111111es q11i ont nt1l,lril~
s111 J,,s f<'111111cs. J ~a 1nistl11 e11 rst si11111lc. N'est .. cc 11c1int Ir~ l1(,111-
111Ps (ltli clt'(><'ltse11l 1e1111s l,ic 11s 110111 1c111s fr111111cR ? Si le~ fe111111cs
1
r11,1:11lil'1111r11l h l<'t11s 111111is elles cloivc11t c11cl1e1 n11x nttlres ce f(II<'
(!lRl ~1111. X~JV, 59.

(!",!I) / li,I. 57-58.
(fit)) 11,/,1. 01.
(fil) /l)i,I. 60.

hlf)IJ,\AJ~Jl~I> f~N l'Ll~JN EJANOUJSSE"tENT
, . 1,11,, l,1i-111<.._1,1c ,1 ct111sig11. Si elles lltic11l, Y11l1w les ni<lc1a,

(}1111111 it ccllts ,Je vos fc11111ics l0111 \'>11s c111ig11ez l i11<l<,cilil
1
1
tt<1111t>11rsirz-les I n<lg11ez-lcs cl1,ns les Jic11x fltt elles coL1cl1e11l 1

l:'1,/\1'11:z-1.,~s ! Si ~lll'S V(llIS t>l)t!ssc,11, 11e cl1c1cl1cz t>ltts cc111l1c ellef
,le ,<><' (<le <'f>11l111i11lc) 1 ''1111,,t', (\si n11g11slc el g1n11<1 > (f,2).
S'il~ n 111c11:1c,, le ~liss<ltl c,1,11c <lc11x <'<111joi11ls, 1t111isscz 1111
t't>tlstil <le ft1111ille : 1111 n1l,il1r ,l1,1isi <1n11s ln fa111ille cle l'1><1t1x c(
1111 n1JJil1r <1< l:t f:1r11illt, <le 1'4''1>,>ll!-iC'. Si 1t's Ct>11j,>i11ls ,lsi1c11I vr11
111c11l 1,,
t,1t(ili,1ti<>11, \';111,,i~ 1,,1~,tli1t1 l'e11lc11lc c11l1c et1x. Y1,t1,,,c
cc,1,11nit lotit (fi:l).
(Ci2l Sn,11. 1,'. ~iR.

Cfi3) lbi,I. 3tf.
V. -- I. . ES ENFANrl'S.
l.,c l>11l <lt1 111n1iAgc, citez )es J11ifs, c'lnil vi<lc1111ne11t la 1>10-
t1ill(lll <l(s e11funls ; c'est cc qt1'e11scignc at1ssi le 1al>hin ottx Arn-
lJes 11111~1,l111i111iss : II0111111cs, c1nig11ez votre Seigne11r qt1i vo11s n
0
c1r< 'S 1>111li1 d't1ne Jlerso1111(~ 1111icJtte dont, pot11 elle, Il n c1 1111c
t't>t)tt!-c ,t l<>nl il a fnil 1>1oliri,1C'r e11 gran<l no111l)1e clcs ho1111nes C'l
clPs fc111111l'S 1 C1aigncz \'nl1,,, J>topos <l11c1t1cl vot1s vot1s inte110-
ge'z ! (fi Il (l,,111 Je 1nl>l>i11, co111111e po111 l'A.'J'., l'es11cc l111r1111ir1c
1
cl<'S<"<'ll(I 1 1111 sc11l 11c,111111c. Il volts n crs il pn,lir <l'11ne tlersc,1111c'
1111i(111c' ,l(llll Il n li1 S(>lt 1<ttsc nfi11 qt1e (celle r1>011s<') se t1ottvl
<'Il S<'c111ilt\ i1t11>1s ,l'cllc. (Jttnt1(l (celte 11e1s011nc) c11l ro11vcrl (c-cltr.
1
( 'J)(lt1sc), Ile 1>01ln ((l'nl>c,1<1) 1111 fnr<leo11 lger el n11n snns J>t'11c.
(1\1:,is, (111:111,1 l'llc se sc11lit nl<,111,lie. (1011s) ,lc11x 11ri1C'11t Y,,1,,,, IC'111
s(' ig ' 1C 111 : 1~11 ,, ~ 1. i ' (~. s i ,I'l ( 1l f) l 1s (10 111 l es l I n (nI s) s n i 11 , , n O 1t s s e l.( l l l s
("<'1lcs 11n1111i )("ls 1el'r>11nnissnr1ls. ()1, qt1n11cl (le Seignettr) 1ct1r etal
,l<l1111<' 1111 (fils) sni11t, ils ,lc>1111re11l (n11 Seigne111) <les Associs Pit
1,<ca1111:1iss1111cc <le cc (Jt1'JI J,,t1r nvnit clonn. Cc1111l,ic11 Ynliw est
tllllS ,111g,1slc (Ill(! ce q11'ils (f...,11i) nssocie11l > (oG). J_...n Cll('()f(', le
1:1ll,i11 csl sl1iclc111e11l cl:111s ln lig11e (le l'Ar1cien 'fcslan1ent. A 11111i11-
lcs 1,'1>1iss, il 111c<111le l('S clirT1p11l:'s 1,l1nses <le ln gcslntion. 11 est
i11,1til<~ fl<' 1rvcni1 st11 cc 1>oi11I, ,le 111111e qt1e s111 l'nllnite1nc11t (>7).
f.,':1ll:tilP111C'11t co1111>lcl (1c>il ,l111c1 ,lct1x n11s, ni11si <(tic Je 111esc1il le
'l':1l1l1t1(l ('l ,,1,'il tnil 11<>1111111 <le le f11i1e n11l1cfois c11ez les . ft1irs ((,R):
~:,:1. /\ 11 ll<1c, clc l't11f1111I i11c<)111l,c 1n s11l>sisl1111<f' cl 111 vl111e (tl's

111<'l'('S), cle l;1 111n11ii1c 1eco111111c (co11,e11nllt) : cl1n,111e lle'l'-
~11111<! 11'csl i1111><lS<~c (Jtt'i1 ~n rn1,11cil. N1111e 1111c ne s11l,i1:1
('(llll111i11I(' <.'11 S()Jl c11f:111l rt 11111 p,e, Cil l'e1,rn11I ,111i l11i est
11i. ,\ l'l1f1ilic, i11<c,111l>r 11111cillc (l1n1gc (c111'n11 1,1r). Si cl',111
,c1111111111 n1t1111(11t, (lt' JlC'te <'l 111 111<'1c) t1!-li1enl scv1e1 (1'e11-
f 11 11 t ) , 111 1) g 1. C f f\ )C l 11. f n i r C S V O 11 S (1 ~ r C Z ITI C ( f 1 C \' 0 ~
(11f1,11ls ('Il ll(llll'ti,t', llttl g1icf O. \'(ll l S frtitc, fi COlltl(()l l clt'
,,r,s('I' ce (IIIC V()llS cl(lllllCZ (Cil 1c\(1i l1t1lit>n) <1<~ ln lllflltirc
((i Il Sttt11. IV, t.

((i!i) S,1111. XXXIX. R (:l 1<'1i,,clc~ tttccrtttc,isc).
((i(i) Sc,111. VIII, tRn - l~}f). .
(fi7) \'c1i1 ~Cllll", XJ,\TJ, 14 tt f('Xl<'S Cttli l':l()llCI~lll
1,, rrt1lio11 clt )'l1or1111t<'.
(f,R) \',,i, I"' tivt<' etc S1,111t1tI, I, 21-24 ; c1,1cl,111crois l'nllnitc111c11l (1111:,il
l 1,,is 111s : 2' f\l:,tc. 7. 27.
38
~IOIIA~ll\11~1> EN l'Ll~IN EPANOUISSEMENT
1ct~(>1111t1c (,,)11,,cnnl,lc). C1nig11cz '\'nl1,v et sacl1ez qtlE

'\'1111,, est t:l;1i1,'0)'1111l st11 ce <111e vc,tts faites (60).
ntlc>t>le1 <les e11rn11ls. J)n11s Ce COS.

(:1tl)"lllll!l, ,c,11~ t>fltl\rz llllSS
1i11>1>clcz-v>lts ,1,1c ,,,11,,
11'n J>ns 111is e11 . vo,1s <l{ltx ct1ts <li1T-
1c11ts : l't111 ,,.,1,1
v<>s \l1,1111cs c11rn111s. et l'nt1l1e pottt les c11fnnl~
<Jttc ,011s n<l<,>lcz. Il est f at1x <le <li1c, C<>111mc vo11s le f ni les, qt1e ,,c>~
t'11fnr1ls til<>f>lifs 11<' s,>11t 1>ns V(>s fils. I l s sonl vos v1itnl>les fils
A1>1lele1.-lcs ,t,1 11<111 <Il~ le\tts 1>1es, et si V<ltts 11e cc>111111issez 11n~
lcttts t>tcs, <11,,isisst'Z 1111 110111 1>nt111i \'t>s frres c11 1cligio11 ot1
J)Ol'III \'()S J>tc,,l1rs (7()).
(fiflJ 2:1:1.
.S(111,. ,,,
(70) S,,,11. XXXIII, t-5.
,, 1. -- 1.. 1~ CAS 1) l~S , 11~uv1~s.
rl,<>tll lllfll', Cil J>tt'vSOll <IC sa 11\01'(, C1Sl f enlt <le fnirc 5011 (esln-
JllClll 1>0111.. s~s fe111111es : t><>t1r cc c111i est <le ce11x cl'ent1e vot1s qt1i
s<,ttl 1n1>11els n Nc>11s, lniss:111t <les 1,oi1ses, (qtt'ils fassent) t111 tes-
l11tl1c11l 1>(1111 lc111s PJ>(>t1sc's (le111'" nssttrnnl) jot1issnncc 11ot1r l'nn11c,
s:111s cx1,11lsi<>tl. fl'o11lcf ois) si elles sorle11t (cle cl,r.z elles). n11l g,ic,f
i1 ,c)tls rni,c e11 cc fftt'cllrs f(111t (71) lot1cl1u11t Je111 J>e1s011ne, se](>I)
1111c' 111:111i1r re<.'"01111t1c co11ve1111l>le. Ynl1,v est J>t1issa11t cl
s:1g(? (2).
:b
f.,'l1,,it:1gr <lrs ,~tl\'C'S C'Sl fix nt1ssi, nnl111cllc111e11l J>n, le 1;1l>-
l,i11 : /\ ~ll('S, le q11nrl (le cc <JtlC' vo11s lnisscz, si vo11s 11'nve7. Jlr1s
1111 4 11r:111(; :,i ''(lllS flVCZ 1111 ('llfrt11f, 0 elles Je l1t1ilin1e ,Je CC (JllC
1
\'()Ils 1,,issrz 111l1i's (,lvol11I(l11) les l<'gs Jlll t" tcslo111e11l (le \'<>lts <)tl
(t'xli11<lif,11) les ,l~llcs > (7:l).
l.,rs ,,t~tt\'l'S 1><111111,l s,~ 1r111:\1icr, ,,,nis h C( 1tnincs cc>n(lilil111s :
1
<ll(s lr,,,,,111 nllt 11,l1c -1111t,is C't 10 jo111s. T1 ,1ss cc (llni, elles set'(ll\l
1
<'(>1111,tc'IC't11C'11l lil,1l"s (7 t). ,,,,,,s, (:1-o)nnls, vo11s nv<'z lotit <lrc1il <le
f)C'llS('I' i1 ('r'S V('ll\'('S. 11ns V()IIS 1e111ocl1cr ,le ,,en"et nttX
011 llC JlCttl
rc111111,s, r11 ,11c <111 111n1i11g,, cc1l('S I I~vitez cc1>e11cln11l <le 1ien 1,1c1-
1,1c>ll1c <'Il S<'<rel. rl'c,nez-,,<,11s <'n nt1x pnr<1les co11vennl>l<'s (7!">).
().11:,11(1 il ~;':lgil 41c vc11\'C'S, nll<'ll(ll'Z qt1c le lr1111>s <le ln p1rscti1l-
ti,,,, ~<il tl('<'()llll>li : Sncl,<'7. (111c Y1,l1,v snit cc {llti est en vos ft111l'sl
J">1r11r.z g:11<lc it J.,11i cl s11tl1<'i ,111c Y1tl1,v l'Sl nl>s<>l11let11 cl 111ng11n-
11i111(' (7G).
(il) 1.(' 1:1l,l,i11 ~:,cltC'~~c 1t:1r1s ,c 1,:,ss:,:,.ct! ,, 1,, (:t>111111t111nl1l clc.~ 11111",,1.

lllillllSt~.
<~> s,,,,,. 11, 2-11.
(7:l) Sc1111. IV, t-1.
(71) s.,,,1. ' ' 231 : C l'c,111 ('( <111i ('SI le ('('llX (Jll Sf)III 1n11(''"~ n NtllS,
l:,is~:1111 ,lcs <'Jlc,,,~cs, <cll<Stl ,le,101,t ntlr1,cl1c 11r1~01111c?lll111<11t <111nt1c 111i~
tI cli~ ic,111~ :,,,1111 (lt !'\C.' r,111:11ic1. (Jt1n11t1 rllrc; 1111 ,c,111 :lllti11t l~11r lc1111c, r1t11
~i,r :, ,.,,,,~ fnil"{' ('Il tr. <111'<'llts r,,,11 lt1<l1:111I ,, . f>C 1s01111<'. cil ln 111n11irc
1
tccc1tlllllC' fc,tl\'('ll:\)tlc. ,:\ll\\'l' clc" C"l' IJII(' \'f),t~ r,1[cs <'sl 1,iC'n l11rc,1t11 >.
(7~) (:,,~ 1ot11111:11,,lnlions s,,1,1>li,111cnl l to11l 111n1ingc c11 s11rnl.
( 7(;) S,,111. 11, 235-230.
1n )\t~l,1 1 1>1.\lll>N ,\\",\N1" 1.,\ (:f)NS()r.l~IA11 ()N l>lJ ~1,\1\1,\(il~. - "J,,11l
lt(lllllllC 111n1i n lt' (11,,il .,,~ 1(\j)lllie1 S()ll t>OllSC S~lllS Oll(~llllC f<>r-
111:llilt'. S'il 11t' s'(\"I 1,:,s ('11gng ;, lt1i 1>:t) '< 1 1111 ,l<>t1ni1c. l)c 1111tt<!
1
s'il Il(' l'i, Jl:l', C'll('(ll'P :11>(ll ()('l1t. l\l11is 11 1(~111t~ <ltlllS cc ,le111ie1 CllS,
0
(l,,1111,z n ''()li"(' r,11111,c l"l'l)ll(IPC tlll(! lc1111ll(~ 1>:t1l <le V(>S lic11s,
'I 11i l11i 1>1111<111,1111 (le ~;11J,si"lc1, 'if'lc,11 \'(>S 111,,_,c11s. S111ll>f>Sc111s 1111
;1111,c ('JIS : \'fJIIS 11':t\'(~ .,,,~ f'll("()f'c: C()llllll \'(>Il'(' fc111111(, lllll.'i V()IIS
, c,11s ,-_l(s (t11~:~ ,.,,,., .,. tII<~ ;'1 l11i J>:l)'<r 1111 cl,,11,\it. 1<.:i ,~1,t,1c~,
, c,11s \\'C'7. lcllllt fil1c1tt f< l;1 t( '(JllI<1 ; 111:lis \'(>lis tlcvcz l11i t>tl)'Cl"
1
l:1 111,,ilic' cl11 cl<ltl:tilc~ <fllt" \'(lits l11i 1,,icz 1110111is (77).
~ J\1::11 11,1 \11<>~ :\t'l~-:s (:(ll'!SC>~1;\f \llC)N l ) ll 1'l,\lllAfiE .
,) l11ili:1li,,, <I( 1:, ll:111 <lts :11,11is. ll11 l1<l111111c 1><'trl ll11j,,111s s't11--
:!~t~<1 11:11 SC'l11l('III :, Il(' 1)l11s n,,,i, tlt~ l"ll l >l)(ll'IS ll\'Cl~ S()II ,~1)(ltlSf". 11
l:1111 ;1l,1s c11r:1l1<' 111,,i~ llc,111 ,lt11111tr i, c<! sC'1111C'11I ,111<~111 <'Xt'l~l1-
l1i1. Si, ;1,:1111 1,~11i111lic,11 ''-' c(~ (lil.1i., le. 111:11i 1<'vC'11l s111 S(lll
~.,1111f'11I, ttl11i-i <~I :11111111,, ; c:11 \':11,,,,.~ <si 11l,s<lt1ll'III' c'I 111i~t~1i-
tc11lit11x (R). Si. :111 ,e,11t1:1i1(", il 111:1i11li,11I s:1 (i<;<isic,11, 111 1,1,11clii1-
lic,11 l<,it'lll <111,li,,,! (!)).
I) l11ili;1li,,, (1(' 1:, (l:111 tles ,~,,,ltlSCS. -- Si ,.,,,~ r('llllll(~ (1:1ir1I, clC'
'<Ill llt:11, l'ltc((S'-:r' (Jll 11c)fl'p1r11(t 1
ils flf)lll"ttllll f1'tlll ('(lllllllllll
,.
;11,cl1,I 1,r,,t~tl(1 :', 1111 !tt1:111gc111P11I. ("nt l'n11:11,gC'111C'11I C'SI 11\1

l,i,11 J>. 1>< ,tc11x ('l1c,sts 1"1111(' : 1,11 ,()tl8 1(,1:1l,lissp1, ln r,11t('<l1clc, --
,,, si ,,t11s ,1:1i!~11r~ ,:1l1,,r., cp ~tt:, 1111 llil'1lfl1it 1>011r ,,o,1s --, <>li
l1?c11 ,cltl~ ,,111s sc'1>111,7.. Si \"(>11" t'lc>s ,11~n11ls, \'ni,,,.~ 1>>111, <>i1n 1
:1Jc,1:; cl1:1ct11, cl, S:1 l:11t!'~,~,. ,,,,,,,,.<~

cst l11gc l"i s:1gc (H(l).
c) (::1s cl'llllf' l'f'J>ll<lif,, ('llf'C'ltlC. - 11 1slnll<'?. VOS r("llllll<'S 1t>ll-
11
<li1'cs i, l"c't:11 1 (l t1i1 ,tlll~ l111llilt1.. ,r<>tls 11 n,,r~ 11i1s le cl1c1il <Il~ les
0
111,llrc ,l:111s l:1 g(~II('. Si ,,11rs sc,111 C'll("C'll(('~, )l()lll.\'()~'C.7. n lc11r

1
~,,1,~,isli,11,t, j11~i1111":, IC'111 0(<111tl1r111~11I. Si ,ll<s i1Jl:1ile11I l ('11fn11I
,,,~ I<' ,c111~. ,l,1r111c z-l,~111 ,~111s s1,l:1i1C's ~I co11rf1cz c11sc111l>I~, (il <"'
1
,,,,1>c)sl, ,l'ttll(' (111:111ii1l~) 1tC()llllll{~ (c,111,rc11:1IJIC') >. Si \'()llS 11'1111i-
( -, -, l ,~ ,,,11. '' , .,.,- ')'1c1 .

- I -
( iRJ I li,l. 2:!f>.
( -,.I) Il. I .,.,-
>r,. --'
(~O) S(lt11 . I\", l'.!7 l:!A.
LES FEMMES - PRINCll1 ES NONCS PAR LE RABBIN 41
''<'7. 1,ns n V(>tts c11le11<l1e, c 1>1c11cz pot1r I'e11fo11t ttne aul1c 11011r-
1ice > (81). .
(1) A,1111t de se 1e111nrie1, les fe111111es rp11dies devront al tendre
lt'(>s fl11x 111ensl111els, el il J1e lct11 est pas permis de cncl1er ce qt1e
Yill,,,, n c1 <lans let1r sci11, si elles sont vritablement croya11les
et 1,ttc11<lc11t le J11ge1nrnt Dernier (82).
Jl,)llr celles de vos f emn1es <Jtti <lsespre11t <l't1e 111enslrltes,
si V<ltts nvcz (tes <1011tcs, le11r priocie <l'oltcnle sera <le trois n1ois.
fl(>t11 ccllcs <(tli n'ont 1>as et1 lcttrs 1nenst1t1es, (n11ne cllai). Pottr
ccllrs 111i so11l e11cci11tcs, le ter111e (<le lct1r 11rio<le tl'nttente) scrn
lcl11 11t<~{ltl(~l1(!111e11t. A c111ico11(Jl1e crai11l Ynl1,v, Celtti-ci proct1rc
1,ll,'gr111('11I i, son s,>tI. \'oici l',1r<l1c q11c Yal1w a fait clesce11drc
,,c,s v<111s. f>c1111' c111ico11qt1c c1ninl Ynl1,v, Ccl11i-ci efface ses n1nt1-
, i, is c s ,, < 1i c, , >s c t gr os s i t sa ,. t ri 1>t t t i o n > ( 83)
<') r. ~, 1l~1111,finlio11 JlClll se f11i1e <lcttx fois, c'esl-h-<Ji,e qtt(\, pnt
cl<'11x f>i~, ln fc111111c 1><1111,n t1<~ rc11rise 1>or sc>n 111nri; co11l1c vc1-
se111<'11t <1'1111 11<>t1vcn11 cloltoi1c 111a1i el fem1nc potttront se s1>n1e1
flc11x fc,is l, l't1111ialJlc (8'1).
f) l_.(1111111le ,le rJ>tl<lii,lic,n. - J.,es A1nbes nvnient ln co11lt11ne cle
1(~1,11,li,,,. l,111s f c1111l1cs 1>n1 1111c fo111111le Qlle. le rnl>l>i11 1p1011,,c
;1,'<'<" i11<~11~ie : Yn11,,'(' 11'11 11ns 1nis <lcttx c111s (lnns le sein tic
1"11,1111111('. Ile ''<ls Jlot1scs c111e volts r11t1(licz Jlnr 111 for1nt1le : c Sois
ll{ll11 111c) <<)t11111c le clos <le sn 1nrf! 1 > (Ynl,,v) 11'0 1>oi11t fnil
,,<,s 111\1'<'S , ~ (8!"i). Il csl ce1lni11 <111c l:1 fo111111l<' lnit beat1co111> Jllt1s
1!,ssii1<', C'I 111c t>n1lc1 le (l>s :. l'SI 1111 et11,l1111is111e pot11 <lsi-
!~11r1 I<' ~<'X<.' <1t1 le l,ns cl11 <l(1s. J)c nc1s jo111s enco1e, 011 1>c11t C'11tc11-
<l1<', l:111s l<'s ,11cs <le 'r1111is c1l111111e <ln11s crllcs (lt1 Cttire, les e11fn11ls
<'t1x-111<~1,1<'s s'i11jt11<'1 e11 c1111>1<>)'lllll cle scn1 l>lnl>les fo1111t1les, i11s11l-
l;111lf'S 1(>111 lc's 1111cs. - C:c-t1x <l,e11lre ,,c111s q11i rt>tl<lienl lctrrs
rr111111rs 11111 ln fo1111111e : Sois J>Ottr n1oi co111111e le (los <le 111n
111~1t' ! (s:1,'t'11t <f ttc let11s f1>ot1scs) ne sont pns lc111s 1nres. Lf'ttrs
111t',1c's s,>111 sC't1le111C'11t celle'~ ,111i l<'s onl enfnnls. E11 vP.1it (e11 llt'<>-
fl~1:111I ('('IIC' r<,111111I<'), ils <Jisc11t cc1les 11nc 1>nrol<~ l>lli111nllle > (86).
(R l l I .X V. fl.
Sct11.
(8:!) S. 11. 228.
(8:1) Sc,111. f,XV, 4.5.
(R 1) s,,111. 11, ~20 : C: , ..,. ,r1,111li.1lic,1, n lit ll tlCllX r()i~ : (Ion<-, f( p1en(l1c
1 1
{1~1,,,1,s~) cl',111r 111n11i~1C' 1rc<,11n11r (,or,,rr,n1,lr) 011 (1111) ,1on,,r, ln lil,rrlc'-

,lr. l<>1,1,<' (.tt:i,c. li ne , ,,,s c~I 1,1ls li<il<' fic prr11,lrc q11clq11e <'l1o~c ~,,r rr
rrr ,c,11c; n,,7. cl<>1111 (r,,111111<') clc,11ni1c r\ v<,, l11ot1sc~. A 1noin~ <111c 101,s clc11x
1aig11<'111 ,tt 11c 1>i,s ,,111>li<1t1rr I~ lt>i~ ,te~ ,011,v. SI vo,1s c1oi~11cz qttc lou~
,,,.,,~ 11:,11>li(fllt'III ]>:I~ le~ l<tS ,I< ,nt,,v, lllll ~icr lc,11 rnirc A tous 1lC'tlX
si l'c'.9,,1,1:i< ~c 1:,,lli'lr. \r,>ifil lts J,,is ,Ir '\rnl1,,'. N<' I<'~ t1:111sg1~~~ez 1>oint.
(:r11x t(tli l1:111st1cs~r1ll l<'s 11,i~ Il~ V:11,,,,f, cc11x-lh sont le~ lnJ11~tcs >.
(R:i) XXXIII, 4.
S,1111.
(Hft) Sc,t11. l,\1 111, 2.

12 P.l(JffA"l~IEI> EN Pl~EIN Ei>ANOUISSEMENT
1\ (' s)) e (. 1(' 7. 111 p,.(. s ! (' 11 Cs ,, ( J 11 s () 11 l f 1()111l 1C j () 111, C l V () l I s 11'n V C z

'. () s
11ns ,,,,et elles les 1<'l,1li<,11s 111c ,,,,,,s nvPZ nvcc vos 1>c111scs. N'en1-
1,l<>~cz (l<111c.~ Jltl~ ces f<,111111les nl>o111ir1nl>lcs, c1t1i vo11s fo11l C(>111pn-
1,_,,. lrs 1>011scs 1)4,111 ,(>t1s 11e ,,,.,1lcz 1,1,1~, ovrc vos 111res c1,1'il vCltts
1r11t1g11c1nil l'111>1,1c,<l1<'1 111n1ilnlt'111c11I. f:crtcs, Yt1l1,,, esl 111isri-
<cl1clir11x. (:e1,(11<l:111l, IC's l1c1111111C's c111i nt11<111l r1>l celle r<1111111le
cle 1t~}>t1clinlio11 st1c,11I Jlt111is; 1,c,11r se 1ncl1ele11 ils <ll~v,0111 nf1a11-
l'l1i1 1111 csclnvc. c111 ll'I jc111e1 llc11cln11l cle11x 111ois cc,11sl~Ct1lifs 1
\'<>li.A I.ES l.<>IS 1>1~ '\'Alt\,' (R).
~) l\l()lllelll cx:tcl (IC 1:, 1(t}lll<liitlic111. -Ln rrJlll<linli<>ll 11'csl ()!IS
1111 si1111>lc 1e1,,,li. (:'('l~l 1111 1ctl\'(} lrg1,I, l l llC 1111>lttrc (le (.'()11(1,,1, ({tli
11c 11e11t se f:1i1c <111':1111i~s 1111e 111i<><lc cl'nllc11tc <llc1111i11e (R8).
1. () ))l.<>J1J1ilt ! Qtt:\11<) \'(lllS 1Jlll<Icz \'()S rctlllllCS, l"<~(>ll<liez-lcs

il (l'iss11<' <IP) 1('t11 t>1i<1,lc (<l'11llr11le). l)110111l>1e1. <lc,11c (les
j(llll'S) .,(~ cetl<' )l(~l'()()e ! c:,nig11ez Yn11,,,r, ,ol1c Scig11r111. Ne
l<'s ex1>11l'lc1. 1)c,i11t clc le111c; (ll'lltC't11cs cl fltt'clles n'(e11) sor-
lc'11I 1111t, s1111f it elles (l'11,c,i1 co111111is 1111c t11rJlit11cl<' 11v-
1~('. \'<llr . , 1.Es 1.01s 111~ ,.\11,,,,t. 01 <111icc111c111c t1n11sg1rsse les
l(>is cle ,n11,, se lise s,1i-1111ne. (8U).
(:1,,~:111(~ l , ,1(' ('Cl)<'lt()n11( tlll COI\SCI : f]lllll1(1 IPS rcJlJlll{'S Cil

i11~t,111(c tl( li,,,1t<' i1ltcig11C'11t 1< llt111c (,Ir le111 111il>clc <l'nllc11le),
1r({'11rz-lC's 1'1111<' (111n11ip1<) J'l'c1r11111c ((t111,,cn:11,IC') < Sl'Jlt11rz-vot1s
r1'PIIPs ()'1111(' (111:111i<'1{) l"C'l'()lllllt(' (c.()11\'Cll:ll>le) ! n,~,,,1r1r~ nlors
IC:111c1ig11:,ge ,le 1~r11~ i11l<'~tC's (1,1is) 11:1 1111i vo11s, cl lnl,liss('Z le
1
1
lt'111(>i1t11:1gr. i1 (1., f,l<'<' cle) '\ 111,,,., ! ,,,,il:'t cr clc,111 il est f11il txl1<>1(n-
lc>11 i1 <'C'l11i 111i st' 11 ,,11,'<' ,1,i1c ,,,, )":11,,,,f rl r111 ll<111ir1 .Jc111r. A
111ic.()llffll(' t1;1i1,1 ,:1l1,,l~, c:.,1,1iti cl,111,1,, IIIIC i~Sll(' .,, (!)(}). .
1') 1 ' (' 111 :l 1. i:1g (.' 1(~ 1(~ 1) () 11 ~ 11 \' f \ (. 1,1 f (' 11111 l {' 1 p 1) ,, .1 ir C. . . - l l 11 C r() is
11~1>111lil;r, ln f111111' 11'rsl f>l11s lilil<' J>(1t11- Il~ 111:1,i, :1v1111l <1t1'ellc
,,r ~clil 111:11i'l' i, 11,1 i1,lt1x :111l1c ,,,,,, l11 i ~. Si l~l' scc,1nrl r1>>11x la
rl,,,,,clic il s<>11 tc>111, I( 111p111'1 111:11i Jlfltt11a 1<\1,1c11,l1e ln vie c,1111-
1111111(' a1,r<.' s>11 <x . . ,,,1,,11sr. 1c~1>t1,lic 1>:11 le scc(1t1s1,(1 lt\c; lt1is le 1':,11,,t~. , ,c,114A 1.,~s r~OIS llE ,,\lt\\'I~. Il
lrs <'~Jllir11,c :', 1111 11<'111,I<' r111i snil :, (fJ1).
\l11 111:1ti li (r>tl,<llll"S llllC ~l11(C>IJ ,is-:1-,'S <l'ttlle frtllt>lr 1rJlll-
lit~C: c,,1 l,1'11 il 1>rt1I l:1 l'l'1,1e11cl1(' ,,11 ~c C<l11fo1111n,1I 1111x lois 111<'s-
' 1 i Ir s, , 111 1, i(' 11 i l It I i In i s ~, C' 1>, t Ic 1iIl c 11 (1' 11 l11s 1es s It1 l t 11s t' 1n 1, 1is .
(Ri) 11,i,I. :) !i : il~ IIC'll\"{'fll n,,~~i 111,,i~i, 1l r llf)lll'l"I ' r.o flrlll\'ls.
( RRl \' <, i 1 S,,, 11 . 1f. ~ 2 7 -~ :1:?.
(R!l) Scl111. I.X\'. 1.
(!JO) f t,i,I. 2.
(!li) .';rtffr. Il, 2:10.
LES FEMI\IES - PRINCIPES N()NCS PAR LE RABBIN 43
A11ct111 l1r,111111c 11c cl(,il 1cle11ir t111c fc111111c 1>nr conlrai11te, sot1s
1>ci11P le t1n11sgtess<!l' les lois (le Yal1,v (92).
Il 11c fi111I jt1111nis 011l1lier, (le 1>lt1s, q11e les 1nnris ri<livent nss11-
1('1 nt1x f c111111es <Jt1'ils r1111lie11I, les 111oye11s co11ve11nl>les de sl1l,-
sistn11(c (!}:~).
i) 1\J:11i1,ge ,le ln 111tt<lie, n,,cc 1111 no11ven11 111ori. - Qt1nncl 1111c
rl'111111e n 11llei11I sc1r1 le1111e n1>rs ln 11>tl<liotio11, c'est--dire q11e
l1c,is fl11x 111e11slr11cls 011l st1ivi le rc11voi, el l e pl'tll se re111nric1. I .. c
1>1c111icr 111nri ne 1>et1l alors s'o1111oser ce 1nnriege.
232. Q11nn<l votas 11111cliez (vos) fe111111es cl c1u'ellcs ont nltei1tl

lc111 l<'1111e, 11c 1es 111cllez J>oi11l e11 (liffict1llc (le se marier avec
lc111 (11ot1vel) 11011x, c1t1n11<l ils se sont <lonn mt1lt1el og1-
111t11I, clc la 111nnirc reco111111e convennl,le. C'est cc n c111oi est
cxl,,,,t cellti c111i. pn1111i vo,1s, c1oit e11 Yn11,v et 011 l)crni~,
.l<111r. (~rio est 1>lt1s 11t11 el 11lt1s net 1>ot11 votts. Yal1,v snil,
n 11, 1s 1111c vo11s ne sn vez 1>oi n l (9 1). 1
'l'els s<>11t les e11seig11e111e11ls <le Yol1,v. Ne les cot1v1ez J>ns (le
<lt1isic11 (~);i). <:'est 11c,111 fni1c tle votts (le 11n1fnits 11111st1l1n1111iss,
'ttte je v<1t1s <lonne ces lois ..J11s<1t1e l, les ArnllC'S n'avnienl s1,11s
(l1,111~ ,.t;<.'tl <111c sclc1n <l<'s co11t11111es ; cottlt11nes r<><les J>nr l'ex11-
lll~1ic11cc, 111nis 111ollnl,le111enl nssez s0111>lcs. A11jclt11cl'l1t1i, le 1al,lti11
g1ntili' les A1nl>es jt1(l11sPs cl'11n cotie j111i<I<fttc l>ie11 <llerr11i11t~,
~,11 l<'fftt<'I l>1<lclc1,)11t i, l'i11(ll',fi11i les gc11rnlio11s (le 11111st1l111n11s. J.,r,
lilt(,1;.tl111c j111i(li,Jtl(' tic1,<l1n cl1cz e11x t111c 1,lncc cc111si<l1t\l>le, et
1
<'~csl i, 1,:,1li1 ,111 <l1(lI <ftte, 1111 ,11111s ,les sicle~. se' clisting11e1011I et
se' 111(,,i~(1c111I IC's clilT1e11ls 1ilC's : lillrnlt11c Jln11v1e, sn11s e11v<'1-
1t111<', s:111s :"1111,, sn11s 1111. Nc,11s 11c Jl<ltl\'(111s, t11111s <'l'i ,111v1ng(', i11sis-
l(1 s111 l:1 1l:111,1rlc' cl<' 111 lill<~1nlt11c jt11icli,1t1c 1 tl,rz )('s 8lnn1is<'s :
('C Cftt'il lll(l()lle <le 1elC'11i1, t'C'sl rr11'11. N'Ex1sr1~ PAS, Ol\l(,INAlflEr.1,~~r.
Ill~ 1,1,<l11 Alt ..\111~. 1.. cs 1,1csl1i1,lio11s j111i<liq11es cc111lc1111rs cl1,ns lr-;
,\,/,.~ <I< 11.~1,,,n 111i',li11<1is s111l l'<c11,,1e (lt1 1nl>l,i11. C:'esl 1111 c.c,1,1:
11.,1,111Nl(}1 11~. 1111 Jlt11 <1<>11 t1t1 1nl,l,i11 cle lin l\lecqt1l". C:c11c11cln11t, Il'
1,,l,l,i11 11{' 1'11 11ns i11,c11l. 11 1>1p11(l sc1i11 lt1i-1n111e rlc 11ot1s e11 a1ve1-
li1 il l()tll i11sl:,,11 : \'()li.A>, <lil-il, I.ES l .. ()JS nr,; YAIIW. (QC,). C:clll'
r,,1111t1lc', <'l tl'n11t1es se111l,l,11>1cs ,111c 11ot1s 1elcv<>11s f1ri11cn1111rnl
cln11s lt'S s<t11:lles 111fcli11,1i~<.'s, c111t 1111 sc11s lrs J>rcis : les lois CJtlt'
je ,,c,11s (lc,1111c 1>ott1 tel <Jtt lei <':ts 11c s<1nt t>ns 111cs lois ; ce su11l les
1
(!l:?l 11,i,I. ~:11.

(!):Il ll1i,/. 2-t:!.
(!11) /t,i,I. 2:12.
(!tf\) I li,I. 2:t 1.
(!)fi, 1/,i,I. 183.
4-1
~l(JIIAP,11\IEI) EN l LEIN EPANOUISSEFIIENT
1
l,is ,le Y11l1,,<~, ,.<,tls le~ l1ct1v,1ez clai1c111e11t 11011ccs <lu11s l'A11
cic11 rl~esl11111c11I 011 ,l;111s ltl lilt111(111e rnl.Jui11i<Jlte. Et elll'S s'y (roll
,c11l e11 effet.
VIII. - L'IIERI1~AGI~.
J.. e 1nl>l>in veut i1n1>oser nt1x Arabes 1nt1st1l111nniss les 111111cs

1gles ,le vie qt1e Yal1w o clo11ncs nttx Jt1ifs 1n11st1ln1a11s. Vo1LA LES
I. l>IS nE YAIIW. Cette fo1mt1le q11i relie le code ral>hiniq11e 011 co,lc
l>il>liq11c, no11s ln trot1von~ encore att s11jet des partages des bie11s;
,~'rst le ,l1c,il l1l>re11 et j11if, qt1e l'at1tet1r des Acte! de 11 slam, i11s-
l1t1cle111 ,le Mol1Rn1111ecl et fo11,lalct1r de la Comm11na11t (les lsln-
111iss, fl4,11ne 011x Aral,e8 conve1tis ln religion cl'lsral. l)n11~
l'Isln111 lll'IJlilif, Il .. N'Y. A J>AS DE CODE ARABE. C'est folie de le })Cil
se1 :
8. A11~ l1ritic1s (l10111111es), t1nc part (le ce q11e lnissenl les 1>i'1c
C'l 111'1e et les 11rclcl1cs. A11x fe1111ncs, u11c pn1t <le ce que ll\s-
~c,11 les J>re (l 1111e el les p1ocl1cs, q11e ce soit 1>et1 <>li ()ttc ce
s,,it J,en11co111). Pt11l i1111>ose .
!). ~~11:111<1 nssisl<'tll nt1 Jlnrlnge cet1x lic\s pnr ln J>nrcnl, les
,,11>l1cli11s cl lrs 1>1111v1cs, ntl1il>t1cz-le11r ttne pnrl <le l'l11i-
1~1ge l'l n<l1csscz-lc111 1111 p1'<>1>os 1econ11t1 (convennl>I<\).

12. (\'<li,i cc <1(>111) "\':111,,, vot1s fnil co1111nnn,lc111c11t ntt s11jet clc
,,1s c11fn11ls: nl1111111c', Jl<>tlion se1111>1n1>1e n celle (le <lr11x fil-
1t\s; si (lrs l1c~1ili1~s) srl11t n11-(lesst1s (le (lc11x, n elles les cl~11x
lic\1s cle re 111'11 1nissct (le <lfl111l): si (l'l1titi~1c) est t111i,111C',
i1 <'11, ln 111,,ili~ (\l il cl111c1111 ,te~ ses Jltc cl 111t<', le ~ixi111e ,Ir
,t 111'0 l11issi- (le clt;f,1111) si cclt1i-ci n 1111 e11f1111t (111t1lc). S"il
11':1 1>,li11I <l'<11fn11I (111i\lr) et <ftt'l11i l<'tll clc l11i ses Jl~1e cl
111i1<', n sn 111i 1c, le tir1~ ; si (le <lft111l) e des f11es, n sn
1
111c'.1" le sixi(\111e 111>r~s (lvol11lio11) (les legs 1101 test11111c11l

(,1,, lif1111I) cl (cxli11tli1> <les <lelles. l)c vos J>res el (le V()S
fils, ,,,,,as ne ~nvez q11i sonl les 111t1s util<'s po111 vo11s. 1~1rc>s1-
11,,N Ill~ YA11,v1~. Y11la,, snit lo11t et li est sage.
1:l. /\ ,<>t1s 111oili~ ,le rr f(tte l11i~~ent vos po11ses, si elle~ n'o11t
111
11:1s 1111 cnfn11I. Si cllr~ 011t 1111 e11fn11I, n vo11s le r111nrl <le et'
<111,~ll<'S 0111 lniss Of>ts (<lv,,lttlion) des legs J>nr lrsln111c11t
,lt)s <ll~ft1ntcs ,,11 (l'Xli11ctio11) <les dettes.
l\lt>lf.o\P.ll\lEI> EN rt.EIN PANOUlSSEt.lENT
1-1. A cll<'S IC' c111e \'(>11s lnissez, si vo11s 11'nvez J>os 1111
(ft1111I 11c cc
e11fa111I ; si ,,,t1s ,,,ez 1111 ,-11fn11l, clics le l111ili111c (I<~ ce (Jt1e
v,,11s l,,issrz ltttts (<lv,1111 lic,11) tics legs 1>n1 lcslt\111c11l <le
V<>tls >tt (cxli11clio11) c.lcs <lcllcs .
l!l. Si \Il\ 1,,>11111,c <)tl 1111c fc111111c se t1011,,e11t laisset" t111 l11iloge
sn11s 11,1>i1 cl'n~n11l ,11(>l, 1ll<,1s <Jtt'ils <Jill 1111 f11C' Otl 1111c
s,c111, i, tl1:trt111 <le t"C'ttx-ci, le sixi111e (clc l'l11ilngc) ; s'il
~- tl 1l11si1t11s f11es ,111 sc1't11s, ils s<>11t <!Il i11,livis 1,,1111 le lie1s,
n1>1rs (clt'vctlt1l<l11) <les ltgs 1>nt lcslo111e11l ()tt (t'Xli1,cli(J11) <les
<l Cl l l'S.
t(i. N,111(' ("C)lll1:1i11l( ~ (:,,~1l\l,\Nl)l~I\IENT
1 (\'Clllllll) Ill~ ,A11,,,1~ 1
1\Tft11,,i, s:1il lc1ttl ('I Il csl l(11g:111i111c.
1. ' ' ( l 11. \ 1. I: S 1.( >1S f >l ~ , .. \ l 1 \'. l~ ( !)) .
14~s (:1(1~:,1,I:-; tlP111:,11(l('lll 111Pl1111cs P<l:1i1cissl'111~11l~ n11 ~11jcl (l<'s

s11t'l"rssi<,11s. :, i\l1,11:1111111C'tl. N1l111,\ll<'111c11t. ,c ,1e111ic1 11c 1,c,11v11il
l>llS 1i'(l<llt(l1C'. ,\ ),>l'S, Ill\(' rc1is cil' JllllS, Je 1n),l>11 le Il"C' <l'<'lllltlll"l'llS:
I.<'" <:10,:111Js (~lf>l1n111111c(I) .. Ir ,1(-111;11l,IC'11l <les ~cl:1i1cissl't11c11ts
(nt1 st,.i~I <Ps -;11tccs!';i,,11~). llt'1,,l11<ls- lct11 ('Pei : ' tl,,,,.,~
,c>llS P<.'l:1i1l'
s111 <'elle slt<"('('',~tt. Si 1111 l1<11,,111l' 1,t.',1i1 st,11s :1v<li1 cl'c11f,,1,ls 11,nis
n)'n11t t111c s<t'1,,. i, (rll<'-li 1:, tllt)ilit' clc . cc ,1t1'il l11isR<' cl (si celle
s,-c,11 11,c111l ,l\':1111 l11i) il J,i,ril<' c1'l,l1r, si f'l)c! 11'n 1>,,inl <l'~11fn11ls.
S'il ,r n <lr11x s,,.,1,s, ;, cllrs le" flft1x lif'1s ,le l"C Cftl'il lnissc. S'il )' n
fl(S .. f1i-1cs ct f]l'~ ~<l'lll'S. illl IIIJllP, t>nrt t'gn)e fi cc)Jc <)CS ,lctlX
~(l'lll'S :&. 'r;1J1\\'( \"(JIIS ,l,1Jlll(' ,,s C'~(lficnl(lllS <le l>C'lll' l(IIC ,<>llS llC
1
'
\'(ltls g:,1irz. ,:,11,,l~ SllI ltlttl (!)8).
(!l7) So111. 1,,. R 17.

t!)Rl lli,I. lf>.
IX. - N()I\lllRE OE I~EI\II\II~S.
P1c11~1. C<l1111nc fc111111es ccll('S f(tti vo11s t>lnisent, 1>n1 <let1x, ltoi~
(>tt <111:,11c. l\lnis si V<>t1s c11,ig11ez tlc 1t1011qt1er (l'qt1il c11vcrs vos
f c1111,1cs, 11'c11 }ltc11ez (f t1'l111e il ln<111clle vo,1s njo11tc1cz <les co11c11-
l)i11f\s. <:'est le 111eillc111 tnO)'<'ll <le 11e 110s l1c f)n1tinux. I .. e rnl>l>in
1('("()J11111;111<l<~ (l(,11c it~i n11x 111i11is isln111iss tic l1nilcr le11rs fen1111cs
,,,,~c ig:,lilP. lis 1>c11vc11l r11 flV<>it qt1,1lre, 1nnis h co11clitio11 <IP 11c
,,:,s 111c,rr1<1 l'tllll' flllX :1t1l1cs. Ilnlt111re (lifncile O lc1,i1 f At1ssi le
1:,l,l>i11 1,,1111<'-l-il ,, ses fils 1111 t"(J11scil forl jtt<ticic11x : le 111iP11x,
J><1t11 ,tltJs, <'sl c1c 11'n,,oi1 ((tt't111e fc111111e ; ni11si, votts 11e 1isc[t1cz 1l:1s
(l't1 11<' i11jt1sles, (le fni1c (les j:1l(111ses (D). l\tnis co111111e t111c S(t1lc
fetllllle ll(! s11ffit JlOS l V<>l1c C"OllV(l(sC, njottlez )'tttlCflte pOllSC
l<>t1l1's l<1s C"(>11ct1l,i11es <Jtte v<>tts ,,o,t<lrez. M1nc si votas le llrsi1ie1.,
''<ltts 11e J><lt111iez Jlns <!l1c <'<1r1it11J,les envc1s vos fe1n111cs. CCfl('ll-
<l:1111, 11<' s<>)'C'Z t>ns l1<>11 (ln1lin11x et n'en lnissez poi11t co111111(' c'll
~1,s1<'11s. Si ''(>11s 1>n1ve11cz n lt1l>lir ln C<l11co1<lc <ln11s vot ,1c l1nrr111
Pl si ,(111s rrnig11cz ''11l1,,r, rcln C'<J1111>lc1n 11ot1r votts, cnt '\'i,1,,,,~
r~t :1lst>lttll't11 et r11is1i<1>1<lic'ttx (10()) .
(U!J) 11,i,1. 3.
(IOfl) /1,i,I. 128.
CIIAI)ITRE Il
l~l~ lf Alll~ltl JJE 1'l01111ntJIED

1. - Sl:S l;-J~l\11\ll~S.
()11 :, i~c1it t1~s volt1111cs s111 CC' st1jcl, et 111111e <l<'s 1,,111nns-fle11-
vcs t l . t'S r,l111l)i11niso11s <1c l'i111ngi11utio11 l111111ni11c <lfT1e11t (les 1cs-
s<,111<~C!i i11i'tl11isnl>les. l 1 (>t11 111cll1e c11 g<lt\ l 111es lctlct11s, je le111
r.ilc1:1i S(lt1l(111<'1ll 1111c 1111gc cl'l:sncl l.-1t1n(l 1'11gn)p (1) : 1.. i, 111r-
11,i.1e fl111111c c11rc (l\lc>l1n111111<~cl) ~[>Ottsn n1>1s ln 11101l <le l{l1n<li<ljn
f11l Sn,,cl:1 l>i11l Zn111'l1n, vc11,,e <l'Al Snltra111 il,n-A111n1. A1-Sn1<10111
cl s:\ f C'111111e n,nie11t cl (les 1l1e111ic1s convr,tis <Jtti, en J>ttlte :1t1x
1~'<'t1lic111s <l<'S l{t1111sl1, tl\'llc11I, st11 l'o1<l1e litt l">101,l1te, 111i-
l!tt~ e11 Al>yssi11ic. l~o,s <le lc111 1el(ltt1, AI-Salc1n111 111(1t11,1t et S,1,v<ln
1tsl:1 !,:,11s s,111li<'1t nvcc so11 fils Al><1-Al-l1nl1111n11 n sn cl1n1ge. C'rsl
1(llt1 l'itJ>ll)'c1 <le sn 111t>lccli(111 et 1><lt11 l'n i<ler n lever cet cnft111t
(1l l (' 1\ 1() 11: ' 11111 \ (\ (1 l) 0 t I s n CC It C rC11111 l C q l 1i n V a i t s O l 1IT r t. t l>() \ 11 s (l r(. i .
S;1,,(l11 11'i,t:1il 11i jC'tt11e tli nll1n)'n11tc. J~lle tnil lcllC'111c11t t>nigse
rl l(>t11clc. <111c, 1,et1(l.1,1t 1111 J>l'lc1i11nge, itol1n111111c<l lt1i occc,ttln le
1>1i,,ilt1~<' (I<' ,,c,1i1 it l\Ii11n nv111,t tn11i,e <le ln f<111Jc Jl<)t11 )' foi1c
l11 1>1ii 1t 111 11111ti11, l11i vit,1111 ni11si (l'ltc bot1scttle. Il est tlifn-
1
<ilt' <I<' s1111>()s<1 Cftl<! Sn,,tl11 t>tl veille1 ln sc11s11nlit. Elle-1n111c

11c SC' sc,11<i:1it J>oi11t <les 110111111(~5 cl (lisait <111e c son set1I tlsir lnil
,l'{,11<' 1csst1scil(~C te j<1111 <111 .J11gc't11c11t l)e111ic1, ln11t ln fe1111l1e ,lt1
1,,.,,1)l1lc . f:'l'Sl p1<>l>nl>IC'111c11I cc qt1i i11vite \V. f\l. \Vt,tl il Jle11scr
(111c te scc<lll<l 111n1inge <1e l\I,,l1a111111cll c i11<lic1t1e1oit 1111 besoi11
tl'ntti1<.l1r111C'11I SJli1il11cl (2) 1
I~r 111t.. 111t' t'()J11n1tl'C'1, l~.l~. 'l,11gn,,, 1cco1,11nil q11e l\lol1n111111el11li'>I 1111 s11c1ifl<:c, <Jt1e le P1<>1>l1te fit
-1~,,,~ 1i1,rt,,;1 ,1,, l:1 <'111111,11111:1111,\ ~ (:ll. l.,1,11,1c l\l<>l1,1111111c(I, <>l,lig
( l l ()1,. ,il. 1. la 7.
(~l \\'. ~I. \\'.,1r, At,,f,,,,,,,,1 ,i /.,, .11,,,,r,,, -- fl,,~t,I, ,,,,,is IO!i8 -
; p. 17G.
l.':1t1f(111 St'cl,1111t l,f'ntt('()ll(> cl<' 111:ll 1,c,111 ~c frn~r1 tin <l1r111in r11frc les co111-
111t11l:1lct11s:11nl>l~ rl l<'s 1nli<1nnlisl,s orci,lcntnt1x, n,cc le s011ri clc 1c'ilc1
11,1111,, ~ <'Il 1,t1isnnt 1>n110,1l Jl<111 rc111tc11lrr toltl Je n1011cle. J. r~ 1s11lt~ls
,,1,1,1111~ ,,:,, ,,llr 1,1ltl101lc so11I 1,n1f<Jis co111ic1t1ts.
(3) ,,,,. ,.,,. ,,. 1ft8.
r:2

;\IClflAl\l"ll~ll l:N rt.F.IN l~P,\NOlJISSEP.fEN'f
~ ~ lsl:1111. c)'11<:<:Ptll~1 llJllfCS CC'S fCtllllleS

1
ll(tlll" l~I 1( ~ll"~lf' c1t' s1111 1
N,,11s ('Il "(llllllll'S :', 111 ll"f)S<'lll(' :11>1,,s ll 111,,11 ,le l{l111cliclja: s,vncltl
l>i11I z,,111'11:1. ',\ i,l,n. 111,rs:1. Si l\l(>l11111111tc(I (ltll r.,i1c ln11t (IC snctifi-
l'C'S 11,rt sC's 1(1111,1,s, l\l. '1'111{:1) 11,,1111r,il-il 111'cxJllic111('t' si, (l\l, 011
11,l11, rc fttl :1l1~,si 1><,111 ~l,,l111111111ccl 1111 sn<1iricc ~l 1111 J,~sc1i11 s1>i1i-
l11C'I ,l'n,lj,)i11,l1c :', ses fC'111111c's li,gili111C's l t>ttles les co11c11l,i11cs c111'il
tl(~si1nil ?
1:1 ,t>iti li, 11111l1ii,111<' fc,111111e: Z:111nl> li11l J(l111zn111n; el ln ci11-
4
<111ir111t\, 1111111, S;1l:"1111tl. Z1111,I> 11,2,il ,lj Cll letlX 111n1is, cl {)111111
Snlf,11111 t'l11il ,c,11,c. (:( rt11c11t lit clc11x 111111ingcs clc snc1ificc. lltlll-
,1(~ J\Jc,l1:1111111tl ! l~l J(, rillJl('llX f1isl(1ic11 CJIIC Jl(allS n\'(>ll~ cilt~ :1j<ltll(~
i11gt'lltl('llll't1I : A: ,\ lc11s 111'il ~, ;1v:,it i, T\lt\(li11r, 11n1111i l(s l~111ig1c;s
lI les ,\11s:11 etc, fc,11 l,Pllrs n1trs l(tli se se111i~11l l1011c>t'('s c11 rll\vc-
11n11I lts ,,11f,11-.;f'" l11 l 1 1c,1)l1c'-l1, l\l,)l1.1111111c'c111'1>,111s11, i', 1,n,l 'J\sl111,
<111c' cles \'l'llVt's :1~;1111 Jl(>t 1 ':, 111111>:111 l1l~1sst~ l'i"1gc tic )Jt .i<t111essc .
1~,, 11,,11:11,t ,s 11lli:,11cr-s, 1 11P )l(lllts11i,,oit (ft1'1111 se11l l)ttl : llsst11c1
l'rt\'('III' clc );1 tc,1111111111:,1tlt~, t:1111 Pll 1cssc 11n11I les lil'llS 1'1111,ili~ (Jll
1
l'1111<,~,,ic11I i, ss t1111,11g11c,11s lts 1>lt1s 11(,lc1i1cs, t(l1'c1, nss11rn11t s;1

J)l't)l('('Itlll ~'''" ,rtl\'('~, le ("('IIX (llli :,vnic11I ,,rrr,I lr,11 ,,ic )l{)lll" ln
lcr,11"e clc l~l1111)) ( 1). l.,r, sixii111t' rc1111t1r. r,11 Z:111:,l1 l,i,,t ll.i:1l1<.l1,
1(111111, tic Z:,<I, (lI ,,.,1,s :1ll(111s 1,r11t,,,. f)llts 1,,i11. 1.. :, ,,,111-t-il i, S(ltl
111:,,i 1,:11 (' ,11il ,1< s:1<1ifi,c, ? 1:11 li~11, s:111s 1111<1111 ,1,)ttlc. (l11C' 1(~,<~-
1
l:,tic,11 <l',\11:,1, (Stllll'. XXXIII. 1) r,,, i11clis1)('llS:1l,lr ll(ltlr .1,ilc, le~

l'1:1;lr l\lcll1:111l11t,I :', 1:ti1< tli, ,>l'l"l't Z,,1111I>, s1, l">t1si11c gc11,111i11e,
1
:1fi11 clt' Sc' l':1clj11g 1.1 1111 t't11111C'.

()11 i111:1gi11r clif(ititc~,11t11t l:1 s1l111111r <l'i11s:111ili's. (le 11i:1isc1ir's,
fei11lcs <11 1,,,,Jlcs. 'fll<' I'" l1i!~l<>1ic11s c,111 11cc1111111lc,es l;111s lc111s
l'i, ,Ir ,l/,,/,,,,,,,,,,.,/ ! (:',si ir1l'c1111111c'11s111 tll,lt'. t\ssc,,c>11s-11c,11s.
ll1e-
ll()llS Pll 111:ti1,~ 1,s ,\ ,.,, ..-.: ,,,. 11.'\1,,,1,. l'II ll()IIS S(lll\'(\ll:1111 ((lie cc liv1t~
'si Ir S<'lll cl1lt"t1111111I l1isl,11i<111c' fftti Jlr1111,II<' clt! 1rt111<c1 les (l1igi-
0
11cs cl,, l:1 ,c,111111,111:1111( lrs isl:,111ist's 111:1lac's, t'l <111e cc clc>c11111e11l,
'
1, it, 11 tl t 111 1~s t', 1 c'i , i Ie s <, 11 tl t 1t e 11 t j t I i f.

1~C' 1;1l,l,i11 1,:,,lt' tlls c~J><ltJsc's (le' il>l1n11111,ecl, 1,c>t11 1,, 1>1c111i1c
r,,is, ,11,11" 111 S(llll'tlle XXXIII; trllC' S()lll'fllC csl cl:1(c>e 11n1 lc'S l'()l'Olli-
s:111ls, ,Ir f,27. ,\,t111Ptt,,11s c(,tlr 1:,tr, <'c C)tti n'a J>ns g1n11ll' i111Jlr,1-
1 1
lr111cc. ''f'c>lll l"(' IJllr 111111" ll<lll\'(lllS t1rfi1111r1 fl\'~C ('C'l'Ilttcle, (~ C'SI <Jll flll
111<,111r-11I lltl Jr, 111l,l1i,1 it1i,,nil cr <l1111,il1c clrs 1\ctr.'-, 1{11:,cli<lin lnit
111c,1lr. (:,). c:,,tl<' .f11i,r . 1,1 111t'1c .1,,s (~1f)~i111ls ~, 11111nit-cll<' <.'(>11-
sf'rtli i, ll:111:1(~(1 "flll gclllt'l)i Il\'('(' l':11111,,~ r,,111111es? J.c fl1-,1,,l,i't,, :t,
CIi 1 1(' 1.; l 1)1)i I l < ( \" t 1)111s I i (' rl 11 X ( : , ( ) ~' n 11 Is f 111' i1s 11 (' 1C s ()1l I il {' l t X-
(t) 11,itl. ,,. 1(i() .

(:a) ()11 ig,,,,11 l.1 c):111 11r11i'- ,1,, ,,111 111c11I. 1::,11 tllt lit'II :1,:1111 1:, l11ilr ?
c, , 1 :'1 ~ 1c', 1i 1, ( 1 1' 1 , , , 1111 < 11 t 11 s n i t 1 i "'' .
LE IIAI\EI\I l>l~ ~lUllAMl\ll~ll 53
11111tl'S > (fi). l,n1 le l<lll v<>t1lc,i1 ,les Jt1ifs, l\lol111111111cll csl <levc1,t1
Je <~l1cf cl<' ln f:J111111t111n,1l <les 111t1st1l111n11iss n1nl>es. Il rr1)1sc11lc
Yl1l1,, tl11111i les C1(,yR11ts. Il n 1et1 co111111e 111issio11 <le lc11,. 1,11r1c,n ...
ce1 l'cxisle11ce (lt1 l)ictt U11<jtte <le f\toi"sc, (le lc111 fl1i1c co1111oit1c cl
1>11\ltJtte1 (('S )tlS lll<>Sll(JllCS. ()11 ne J>C>lll"tnil COIJcevoi1, (\ Celle ~i>O-
lJtlC, 1111e l"t>1111111111nt1l 111t1s11l111n11ise s011s f\lul1a11,11,ecl, 11t>1111nl;,
1>n1 le 1nl>l>i11, (li1cclc11r (le celle co1111111111nt1lc. Le ll1c>1>l1tc esl
11l11s li n11x C:1o)'t111ls (ltt'ils 11c le s<>11l il et1x-111111cs >. l\ll>ltR111111ccl
t'sl le (l<'t'l' tlt's (:1ll)'tt11ls, el ses fc111111cs sonl let11s 1111es (7). C()111-
l>ie11 l\l(>l1:1111111ttl a-t-il tic f c111111cs il celle po(Jltc ? li e11 n ce1l,,inc-
111c11l 1>lt1~,ie111s, 111t1is 11,,11s 11'c11 snv,l11s 11as ,lnvn11toge. Notts 11,1t1-
,,,,11s l)('IISCl" llllSS ,, li(' les f('llllllCS c1l' l\lol11,111111e,I Cl Ill \Ill 1le 111i-
,,il<'gi1; 1l1111s 1~, cc>1111111111n11l ,les 111t1s11l111n11isl~S n1nl,es. !\f ais ot1c11n
(l(1<11111c11I 11<' 11,,11s 1>c1111cl tic ,tn1,i1 cc 1lc exnc:I. I.. cs fc111111<'s Il'
l\l(,l11111111,,yn11ls, co111111e <les 1111cs, c~l l\lol1a111-
111ctl C'SI let11 1>1c. 1.. c lexlc c<111li1111c :
(i ... c:t,,x 1111is ,,,11 l1, s t111t n1,1l11c11t'111e11l 1>lt1"

t(,11~i,11g11i11it
lit;S C'lllrc ('IIX, clJlllS l'J:('l il111c (((~ Yn l1w, qtte Il(' le SOJll lts
0
c:,,,~,:,1tl:i (= t~s (~1(1y1,11ls 111t'~tli11ois) , cl les l~111ig1cs. (So111.

XXXIII) . .
(:(' 111r1,,l,1r cle 1>l11ns<' sc111lllP :1,,,i, l'i~ cl~tll;1,~. 11 11'0, r11 efTC'l,
:111c.11t1(' li11is,lll lclgic111p nvrc <c fJtli Jltr',1<', 11i n11rt111 1n1lp(ll'l o,r,-
l('S f ('Jlllll<'S clr l\l(lllnllllllC'(I. ) .(' 111l)l)ll 1r1,1:11rr11c sr11lc111c1ll (I\IC lr<;
liC'11, 'ftti 111,issPtlf IC's ,,1,1.t!l"(~S clt 1.. n !\trc,,11c fl\'<'C lrs (~1,1)'n11ls
111,cli11,,i" S()JII 111ci11s i11li111s 'I''" ('t>tlX [tti C'xisler1t r11l1e <les ro11 . .
s:1,,,~11i11~. <:'"~l ln (l,,cl1i11<" cl11 T.iv,e ,le Yltl,,,, c'rst-n-<li,e ln c10,~-
t1i11t' l,iltlic111r el 11011 11ns, c,1111111<' l'nffl1111c l1lnc11'1<' (R) ln l\~,,~-
l:tli,,11 l'itl':IIIf(llC > 1 )lt)lll" n1l111e(l1p f)llC )'l'XJ>tessintt <(<111S /'/;;,,,.,._
lltl'f' ,/, l',,flflc' > JlllSSf' rr,itt' n)lttSrlll tl ltl l'(\vfl:1l()ll C'OtnnC(ll(':Y>,
11ltls (1,,,,,ic,11" ~tl)lll(lS<'t (Ill<' lt.' 1:ll,l>i11 n,,nit l111ilP l11i-11lf\lllP <1<' C't'S
1>1'()1)1('-lllC'~ rl:111s SOll (:<)l'(t/,, ('Il Sl' 1rff1n11l O ln <lclcf 111c )>i},)(lllr.
(:t,1:, 11('sl ,,ns i11111of-si11le, 111:,is 11',, 1ien n ,,oit n,ec ttnC' 1vlntio11
1i1~i11:1t,, f:1ilr n l\1ol1:11111nP<l 1ln1 le g1n11(1 A11nl1.
,.~,i,1111111<'111. le 11111(\Jll (1(' l\lrlltflllllllCt11, :tllit(;<'s lln1 ,~~, 11:111,r<'s, ln ccl<f11rllP1ie, les 11,iltr l>ilJ,,,,p-
si\<'s fi111i11i11<'s. l\J~1l111111111e,l 1111 i11lr1,C'11i1 <' I )c,111 fni1r ,les 1c111n1-
<1t l ( 's s i, \' c 1(' S, ( 11 C ) 11i C1<. 1al i l Ic' 1; l l >1, 1l 1\ 1-111 Ill C' :
(li) S,1111. XXXIII, O.

() ,,,;,/,
(R) lt1.A:11i-:111~. ,,1,. ,il. to111r 111. 1,. 981, 1,1111. lllt ,t. fl.

51 J\I ()11.\~I i\11:I> l~N Jf.l:IN EP,\NOUJSSE1'1ENT
28. () l'l'()J>l1ct<'t l)IS i, lrs c\J)()llS('S : C Si VOIIS V()llS lr()ll\'CZ (l~i-

1(1111 \c ,,11111(~cli:1lc t'I S<llt ( fi11c1 ,11111l, , t"lt<'7. t j< v(1t1s (ctl)
0
cl<,1111c11,i jc,t1i:-;s1111tc cl ,<>tls ,lcl1111e111i g1ocic11x C<>t1g 1
2!}. Si (:1t1 t'()1tl1:,i1<) ,.,,l1:,

<l<'si,<'7. (l'a1g1111c11l) tic Ynt1,v cl (lie)
Sc,1\ AJ>")lt't', s1itlsi c111c le l>t111icr SPj,>tll', (c111ig11cz )ro]1,,1 ),
l'ltt ,,111,,, :1 1)1c;i>11i? 1111c i111111<~11sc 1l1il,t1l<)11 celles <l'c11--
l1c \'tl\ls c1,1i ~<,111 l>ic11fnis:111tcs (~)).
li 11'esf 1>ns f:1cile, t,esl ,,1ni, tl'n11n<:l,c1 l<'s ft1\1t11cs tltlX cc>11li-
11,1rts sc1,1tis il<- 1(~111 1>1t1\11t~, clc lc111s nlot 11s, 1>(ltt1 les fixct" st11 <les
il<~c!; g1n,(~~. s(,,,,,,.~('S ri sl~tl>l<'s. l\lnis ce n'est ln q11'1111 111,li11,l1c
111nl. ( 111 cl,,11~tc1 1,l,1s g,:,,l~ 111('11:,lc les 111111is. J>c11(l1111l c1,1c l\l(\l,:1111-
1,1t'tl est (lt'l'l11)(~ ;'1 S(ll) lll)()~;lcl11I, il IIC f)('tlt s111veill<'1 S()II l1111c111. 11
,, l<llll(.(Jll(l cf(' lrn,nil. Il llC llCtll llOS lot1jc1lll"S CllllllCll('t SC'S f(!lll-
', 1 r s, c <, 1111,, c t\ I,, 1, ;, 1, 1111 r 1 \' , 111 i I n 1 c>c o t t 11) 11 S l'o 11, I t 1' A1 :1 I>i (~. l l c
111c1i s<,111 11lc,1s 1:11,nl,lcs <(!S r111111C'~, <'11 l'nl>setl<'~ (le J\1<>11n111111e(I?
1. c 111l,l1i11 ,(ill< :", t~ <Ill<' l'<>s1,ril <le so11 clisci1)lc stlil c11 t>nix <l1,11,11l
S<'S nllsc-11(('s. 11 1lt.. SC' ("<l11l<'11lr. 1>:1s (1(1' ,Jicl;11<r. (",111111<' 1<'~ n,11111i11s,
<flic ln fc111111r ,l(! (:t's:11 <'si 1111-<lrssrts <le l<,t1I s<>llll,lll : 011 ,111c les
frtJllllC1S <Ill f>l'tllll\t\l<' SCllll tlf'S lllCltl~ll~S clc> (i,l(~li( ; i) ~i\I lt'tlJl l>C11
t1~ CJtJcli 111<'s sc,111 (111,:11,1,s . ,., i1 lc111 ,,:111<' ,.,, ,.,,,1s,111c11l <'. Si 0
.i:1111nis C'llts ('11 :111i,l 11( :', lt<,1111>l'l' lcl11 illl1st1c 111111i, les tc1>1i~-
1
s1,itl<'s s<1<,11t cl111ts !
:\(). () lc111111rs ,111 ll1,,1,l1iI(' t ,rll( 1>:1r111i ,<,11s 111i fl<'r1>il1~1n

1111c l11111if11,l1 ,1,t~r,;C' l'C'<'t,,1:, t111 cl1:1li111r11t tl,,111,lc <ltllX
r,,i!;, (:C'I:,. I'(''''' \';11,,,t~, SC'l'll nisf.
:l(i. (:tllr ,l't1111(' ,tlll~ (11,, (c,11l111i1~) cr11i fc1tl ,,1ni~<l11 cr1 1'11c,r1-
11c!111 ,le ,nt,,,.<~ ,,1 (le' Sor1 1\ lllr< C'l ,1t1i fC't:1 ,~11,,rc 11ir, N<>tts
l,1i n<c'<)1clc1,,1,s ~:, 1(~l,illt1li,-.1, . Jlnt ,lctl:"< fc,is, ('I l,1i J>rt~t>:lJ'C-
1,111'l 1111c 1t11i'1c11se nll1il,111i,,11 (1()).
fl~,,~~~Y.~- llttlt~1l1iss~1, ~,11 l1()1111r111 1111i <'si 1~

l'l'XC''<'J>I(11111tI
,c">l1r. ''IIS lt'c'-lt'S (>:1s ('Clllllllf' ),, f"r)lllllll l tl (1<'5 f <'llllllC"S. ''t>IIS ~l<'S
1,,~ fc111111rs (1'1111 (>1c,,,l,<'le. <l'\111 AJlt'\11~ ,I(' ,,~,1,,,,~
! l\{(11,trcz-,,ltl~
:'t li, ll1\t1lr111 cl'1111 1<11n11(-! ! f:1,,i~11(\z )'nl1,vc\, 11:,lt11<,)lr111(\11I. l\l:1is
, cill('Z 1'1 1111lp1 l,111 j,,111s t1,r<. li~i11it~, <le fn(ll\ (ftt<' l,,s l1)'l><1<1i(t'~
c1 t1i ,<lll5 t,,1,,,,i1,,,,1 g~,1clc11I l)t.'tl lc111s (lisln11rcs (11 Jlc111c111ez >.
(!t) S,,,,r. XXXIII. )O ttll

-f) - '
<1Cl ) l l, i , I. :t O-:l 1
CIi\ 11,i,I. :~2.
LE IIAl\l~~I DE MOIIAMltlED 55
cl1ez V(1t1s I N'nllcz J>ns vot1s fni1~ n<l111i1er (ln11s lotis vos nlo111s, il
la 111n11i~1,~ clc l'a11cic1111c (~C'11lilit. Votas 11,lcs 1>)t1s iles 1,ncnncs.
Al~c(,1111,lisscz la 1>1i1e 1gt1li1e111<'11l, fnites l,a11111ne. 0l>issez
Yltl1,v<~, (~I il so11 A11lre, vol1e 111a1i (12). 1"Qttl ce qtte dsire Yal,,,,~.
c,cst (\cn1ll't <lrs 111<'111l1tes ,le lr1 l\1nison dt1 P1c>1>l1le ln s011illl11~-
II les vc11t sa1i11ls. Rt>lez e11 ,,<>t1s-111111es les sngcs enseigne111c11ls
,Je Y:t11,v <111i so11t rcit~ ,Ji,11s vos ,lemct11es. Ynl1w v<>l clai1.
Allc11li,,11 1s111>c1s1>icncil csl so11s fnillc 1 (13)
3n. l.1t's 11111st1J111n11s et les 11111s11l111nncs, les Croyn11ls el les

<:1c>)'a111lcs, le~ 01n11ls cl les 01n11tes, cct1x et celles <Jt1i S<lnl
<c,11sln11ls, cct1x cl celles c1t1i c1nignc11t )'011,v, cet1x el celles
r111i 1111111,"'>11enl, cc11x cl celles <ttti jc(1ne11l, cc11x et celles q11i
s,,1,t cl1i1sle~, ce11x el celles <1t1i i11vo,111enl l><~nt1cot111 Yn11,vr,
1>(1111 <c11x-ln Yt1l1,v n (l11>nr ttn 1>at<l<>n et 11ne rl1ilJt1-
li(111 i111111e11se (11).
{12l tl,i,I. :l:l.

( 1:, l / /,; ,/. 3 1.
( 1-f) I f,i,/. :tf>.
2. - UNI~ ,\ \~N-J'lll\l~ Al\lt)Ul\l~USI~ DU I>J\<>1.,111~11~.
Les C:1(>)1,11ls cl ]~s c;1t>)"tl11lcs 11'(11l Jltts (lisl~t1lc1 1ts l~cisic,ns

,111 f>ro11l1le l Sl'S 11n1<>1cs sc,11l lt'S t>nr>IC's (le Ynl1,,,. <:'esl essc11-
licl J>(ltt1 le l><>ll ,,1<l1c cl ln C(lt1~c,li<lnlio11 <le ln C<>111111l111nl1l ,tes
111t1s11l1111111isi's. l\l111c si Cl'S tlcisions s11r11re1111e11l ntt 111e111ier
11l>c)1,I, 111r111c si cllrs ('<>11l1e<lisc11t tlcs <lcisio11s n11l1ic111cs, J>er-
~c,1111c 11c <l<>il les lisct1lc1. Le 1nl>l>i11 1a1>1>cllc ici 1111c <les ave11-
(t11cs J>l<l~t,l>l,s ,le cc g1n11(l n1>lrc, 1'tol1a111111c(I. Tl~ s011vic11s-lt1,
J\l<>l1rt111111ccl 1 <111:,11cl 111 (lisnis i, l'el11i s111 (Jtl Y,11,,v et toi nvez
1f11011<l11 ,,os l,ic11fnils: c (~t11<lc nt11>r's <le l<>i la fc111111e, cl c1ai11s
\'1111,, > ? 'l,tt 1,n1l11is ni11si, tl1nis 1011 ccc11r 11'lnit JJns <l'nccor,l
,, ,ec I es l ,1cs. 1' li cncl1n is soig11<>11se111cn t cc que Y a liw ferai l l>ie11-
l> l Jlnrnitr<'. rl,,1 1c<lo,1lnis le jt1ge111e11l 11t1blic, olo1s {JllC c'csl Y,,11,v
<111e ltl ,111rnis cl,1 t111i11(1re I A <'nl1se <le loi, Zn1111>it lc>ttl co111-
111c,1('c n,rc sn fc111111c. C:', . sl nlo1s c111e je l'ni <tC'111n11cl <le l'po11-
S<'1. P<,111<1tt<li 11,i-jc l<111n ce co11seil ? C'esl ll<>t11 11c1111ctl1(' nt1x
f:1<)n11ls <Ir 1)1r11cl1c J)<>11r frr11111rs celles clc ll~t11s fils ,t<l<>1>lifs. lc>rs-
ttl<! ce~ <lt111ic1s lt's c,11l 11>11<lics.
7. (lln111lcllc-lc,i, l\l(lllllllllll<.'(I) (JllRll(I 1,, list1is n (~citai Slll' (Jll

'"nl1,, <t l<> ,,,,i<'z 1~11n11lt1 ,os l>C'11r11il~: (~nt(l~ n,1,)ts
<le loi lc,11 f1,c,11sc ('I <1i1i11s )'nl1,,, 1 > ; c111n11nrnit1..-. et (,111e) lt1 crni-
1t1,nis le j11g,111<'11t Jlt1l,lic rtl,,1s f(tle '\'nl1,,, tnit le 1,t11s (ligi1c
c111t! ltt I.,<' t1nig11isscs 1 (.).111,111 Zn(I ettl r(>tlJJ>tl l<>t1l (~c,111111ercc
n,cc (s,,11 l~11c,11sc), 11c,11s I<~ l:1 fi111es 1,011sc1 nfi11 c111t~ 11111 g,icr
11c f11l ft1il n11x (:1(>~n11ls, il l'gnrcl (les 1>ot1ses <le Ic,11~ fils
n,ltJ>lirs, (fttn11cl cC'ttx-ci 0111 r(>t11p11 total co1111ne1cc A\'CC l'lles.
Qt1e l'l1<l1t cil.. \'1111,, S<ll f"xc11l f
1
:18. (:c111t1c lt' J>1(,1>l1le, 1111I ~rier h t'go1t1 <1t' te fftte Y11l,,,,~. o
l'c.-11(11<,il clc <"<'11,c <111i fl11c11l r111l1iet11e111c11l -- <lltl' l'(11(lrc
le \n)J\\'r SCl( 1111 <)CI'<.'( tfcrl f -
J!l. ( l'<'tl<lrclI> ,le ct. ,1~ fflli lro11s111elle11l lr.s 111cs~t1gcs fic
Ynl1,vi', ,,,,i
<toig11e11I (~cl11i-<~i, cl q11i _nr <1nig11r11I 1>c1s<>1111c
e~c<'Jll 1. ,,i.
(:,,11,l,ic.. ,1 '\":111,, s11fflt co1111,1e j11slt"<~1 t (15).
( 15) 11> i ,I. 37-39.

LE IIAI\El\f DE ~IOIIAPtlt.lEI> 57
C' rs 1 111 se 111 c 11ve11 l tt 1c 111110111r 11s c <1 c l\I <,l1 n1111n e<l <J tl e 110, 1s
cc1111111issi,111s nvcc ce1lilt1<lc. l)':11l1s le texte c111c 11ot1s venons <le
1t~1,1(,,l11i1t', 11c>11s 1,<>l1vo11s c11 st1iv1e les lliff1c11tes pl1nscs :
11) l\l(ll1n111111el <le l><.'11fnits : c11 <l'n11(1es ler111cs, ce fils nclo11tif
nvnit stti,,i l'cxe1111>l<' <1c l\l()l1n111111ccl, no11<lo1111t111l les i<lc,les J>Otlr
se 111lli,,,. i, ln 1c,Jigic,11 <l'ls1nl.
1,) c:c fils n<luJ>lif se nc,111111nit Zn<1.
(1) (:et n1r1l)e 11111s11l1111111is <\lnit 111n1ie 1111c fc111n1e qui, sans
n11ct111 <l<>t1lc lt1il cll<!-111111c 1111c c1<1ya11lc.
<I) l\lnis le 11111ngc~ 11'luil llns lrs t111i ; nc>tts 11e snvo11s Jlns
1>,1111 ,111(~lle 111iso11. l~tnil-ce ln fn,1le. clc Mol1n111111ecl ? Notas ,,oyo11s
11,~1,11111<1i11s c111c celtti-ci i11lt1vi11t Jlot11 reco111111n11(lc1 s011 fils
ll(l<,J>lif cl<' l-{;11cler sn fet11111c cl cle <~1r1incl1e l)ie11.
l') ()1 l,s 1111r,,lcs ,le M(ll111111111r-<l 11c o1rcs1><>lt(lnie11l 1,ns n sts
<lt~si1s i11li111es. 11 convoilnil ln f<111111e cle Zn,I. f.c11cn(l1111t, il nvi,il
l1<,11lc cl(' se's <lsi1s. 11 nvnit J)t\,11 <le l'<>J>nion 1>11bliql1e.
f) Z11cl 1t~llll(lit1 sn fc111111c. ()11 11e <lit pas s'il nccc>1111llit ce gcsl<~
11,<'< 1,l:1i~i,, tol1c, (ltl 1rg1el. 1~11 l<>ttl cos, celle 1ptt<linlio11 fois,1il
0
l>i<'11 l'11ffni1c cl11 P101>l1tc.

gl 1\lnis, 1><l11r tlot1se1 ln r~111111e <le s011 fils ll<l<lptif, l\lol1n111111ell
11,,1,il 1111 g1:111111(~ il ,,i1i11(1e. Avnil-il le tltc1il (l'1>ot1sc1 ln
rtl)lllt(, 111(... 111(' 1-1>tl<li<'e, (le S()ll (ils fl(IOtllif?
(:'< sl 11l<>rs 1111'i11lc1,,i11l le~ 111l,l,i11. ()11 s'c11 sot1vie11I, il nvi,il
1
<'<>1111,:11111, s111 l'e' J><li11l 111,is, 111 l1nclili<>11 n1t1l>c : c Ynl1,v 11'n 1>11s
11,is cl~11x l'(l'ltrs lt111s le S()11 (le l'l10111111c. ,,c,11s clilcs <111e vc>s
e11f:111ls 11clc,1>lifs 11(~ S()lll l)()t1l \'()S fils. Ce 801\( ln
V()S clites, 111nis ils
s<>t1l f:11,x-. (tfi). \ 7<>s e11r,,11ls 11cl,,1>lif~ s<ltll vos V(~1itnl.>lli.s fils. l~sl--il
J>C'1111is .. cl:11s ('Cs <"t>11,lilic111s, <l't~J>o11se1 le111s f(111111e~ l01s11,1'ils Je~
1<~1,11(Il 11I ? (~c'1tni11P111(~11I 11ns : ,,,,s fils n<l<ltllifs s<llll co111n1e les
11
(ils 11<',s 1(' ,,<,s 1ci11~, et il v,111s est i11tc1<lit <l'1>,>l1ser Jet11s fc111-
11l('S ( J ).
1. ,, c,1s 1)1-st'11t <'Sl ,lcl11c l)<"ll c111l,n11n~sn11t. Q11e vn foire le 1nl,-
l)i11 ? J1c1isst1 l\f<1l1n111111cos ces J>tincipes qt1i pnrAis-
~ni<'11t i11l1111gil>lcs et <111i, (f1111s s11 1>e11src, (levnie11t st1re111cnt l't,c,
il 11',,,,:,il 1>ns c.01111>lc.! s111 11, r111sie scnsttclle <lit Rtan(l At>tr('.
l)(,1,111 ("t'llc i1111lnsse, le 1nl>l,i11 11c fttl 110s longle1n1>s e111l1a1ross~.
JI 1t,,i11l si1111 1 le111e11l it l'e11co11l1c <le ce <Jtt'i l nvnil clil, et il clcla1n
so11s ~<l111c"illc1 q11<' le ni~ n<lc11>lif n'~sl Jlns 1111 flls ; q11e, pnr co11-
st~<111r11I il l'sl 1>e1111is <l'r1,<>llS<'r sa fe111111e 11>t1<1ic. Tu n'ns,

(1(;) ,,,;,, . .f .
(li) S<,,11. IV, 27.
1\1(,11,1111111,t. :111(1111 li11 ,IC' 11,1c11fc~ n,cc 111 fe111111C' ,lt' Z:,<I. ))<111<,
"'' s11i,1111I ),-.; lc,i!, ,1,,lir1:1ir,s 111i 1i~gi~;st11I le 1<'lll11int{C <l'1111c
11'1111li<;(., 111 1>('11" r,,,1
l,i,11 Ill lll'('lltltc (1:\1\S l<II\ \111 c11rn,1t t,:,,c,,,.
O<lc,11(r 11'<'~:I j:1111:1i" 1111 fils. ,J':1l>1<1gc lc,t1l <c ((IIC j'11 J>tl lite Oll)>O-
l'tl\':lll\ st11~ llt1i11I. ( :e1 le 11,111,,cllr l(>, \l<>1111111111c(l, le' ]il>1< ('t1li-
t't
,~111r11I, :1i11\:i CJII(' 1,,,,s )ps <:1c~1111ls. 1~,1 (' ()()tts:,,11 les r('llllllCS 1pt1-
lit~('S <les fil" :tflc11>1ifs 4 ,<ltts ,estez ,l:111s 1:1 ligi,lil.
Ni,,1s ~~,i~iss1111s st11 1~ ,if et' ftl(' sig11ilie cl:111s le c,111c1et lit 1(1
<lt l'11l,1c1g:1lic111 ; lt1 ,~(:tf,Jic l>n1 \':tfl\\' <'Il r:l\'Ctll cft'S lllllSlllltlOIIS,
11c>111 ll'l11 1:1tililt1 f;1 1cligitl11: il f:1111 (ltc le!; (:1>)':111ls 1t1issc11l se
l'('lll~lll()l'('l' ("(l(c i11t('llltlll I\IS(~l-itt)l'C1<.'\1SC (lt' ,,.,,,,v (18). Ql1C
C'llc 11c,r1,<fl(' l,ai :,il t~lc~ 111,,11111lg11t~c 1><>t11 lt'~gili111< 1 )e!, f:,i])lesses 1
f JC l\ f C) 1l ~ 1111 111 f ' cl , 11f l l l S Ic' ( 1Cl ~' f 111 S rl l. 1~ 111 e 11 1. l\ J; l S ( I l l ' ( >11 11 t' \' C I l Il C
J>ns IIC)IIS l'il('f)lllt1 (ftle 1'1111IC'lll' clc <Plie 11l,1c,g:1lit)II csl l)ir.11 lt1i-
111111,, ! (:c s,1:1il Jl111c l,;1Ji,<111e. lj(~ g<'slc cltt g1:111cl (>1r>J)l1tc,
e,, ttllr ti,t(,1,sl~,11,e. 111:,111111t' ,l't,lg:111rc ; les C:1t>)'tlllls tic l\lcli11e
C'llX-lllC~lll('S <'Il r111r'tll Ja,,111, l'll rt1rc11t SCOll(fn)isc.;s, l(~I l)()lll f(llC
l\lc,11:111,r11<ct ,,~,>s:, 1,:,s ,1,ct1C'1 <'tIIC' i11<lcc11c<' n11x A1~1l1cs isl:1111iss.
1
(...}ttyClll ll <'S~:1~t l>;1s lllltl J>ltl~ (1<' ll(lllS J>t'l'Sllt\(1<'1' <ltl'CII sftl\lSt\lll 1,1
fl11111t<' ,I<' s<,11 :1111i tI fils 11,lc,1,lif Z1,cl, l\l(ll1:1111111,(I n fttil 1111 g10s
s;1, .. 1ilicc 1
'"1ici ('f>Jt1111{1 11l les (c1t:111is:,1,ts 1:1t(111l<~1\l t<.1 llc l,isl(,ite <le
z.,,I : ,.,i, ,, . ,.\ ,\N1,,,.,1:. ,,,,. ,.;,., 1,. 1!:1 : lJ11 J<lt11, I<! fl,.f,-
1>11,I< ,i11l (l1e1. Z:11,I, 11i11si 111'il i,,:,it ,,,11l11111c le le fni1c
s<lll\'('ltl. f l 11, l11t1,:1 ,,,,s Z:,,I cl1<'?. l11i, 111:,is Zn11:1la l'nc-
ct1ci11il i, J:, 101t,, sc,11s le lg,1 ,tr111P11I ,111e les fen1111cs
:11:,Jl~&.; \'('l'l~t("I\( ('1lc'7. ( llt S. S~l ))C~\\l\t' J)lt>llgen \1~l\l01ll('(
1 1
(J; 111" f :1 "1 1f 11C, ,. : 1( 1 C) l l ( ! ~ f) l' 1 j J ) 11 j f I I it C) <' 1l l 1- \'Cl X, (' l SC

1rli1:11ll J)<11i,,,,.... , c.~i,) : l4c111:111ge it ,,l1,,,,(' <111i ,J1:111ge le
cc1'111 ,l<s 11,,111111'.~ '1'. - (,\,,111c,11s ,111<' li1 lill<~1nl111,~ cc>1n11i-
c I11 l ' ('" 1 )' C' t l t 111111 " :111 I(' f ,aI J, C ( l ' (' S 1 111 lS (' 11 n f (l 1 ( l l. ( <~) .
Z1,,1,,,1, f'lll('llclit ('t'S 1>;11t)lf's. 14n l)l)Ssil)ili1~ l'lt(l t~lcvrc
;111 t:111g ,t,.(lf)IISC' <Ill ) 1 1cttlf1rlc ~(llll'nf te1(1IllClll('llf il son
:1111f>(c111. )~llr 1:1Jll,(ll'(:1 <''If P (',<()n111:1(cltl n S(lll 111:11i (fll,
' ( ' 11 1 : ' ' 11 l ( 1 i 11 ~ (' X 1(\ 1. i f ' 111 . (' 111 (' 11 I, 1\':' ,, n i t I' ie t l ( 1(' 1)i (' l l ~ ~ ( t ,1i-
~ S11 l l 'I)_ - (.\,l,11i1c,11~ ct,111111(' (lll ,~ ,-,it l'l1i!,l>i1p !) - Ne.,,,~
<lf',i111lll"' 1111r Z1,11,111l 1-<~J)t;l,1 si su11,e11I 1111 flOt1v1c Z,1tl ( 1)
c1trllr i11111re~~i>11 rll~ :1,:1il f:1il~ s111 le P1<lJ>]1<''lc' cr1rc, flnn-
l(111(11t, si 1'111 <'11 rrI l:1 1,nllilicl11, Znis, 11:11 ('t:1i11le cltl (flt'c,, lirn-
(IR) A11,, r, 1,111. (.1 .) 1\c:1,r,t~ i11lr1ir111s ,I, l'lsln111, l!Jt!l, Il, 20:l, 11. 10
1n 11,,11lc ici 11,1,i 11 ic,,1 tl' ,\s-Sc1t1~tt1l i.
I.E 11/\l\l~~I llE r.lOIIAM~IED 50
l-(,11, l\lt1l10111C'l 1c1,(lt1ss1, so11 snc1ifice. Zn,I lttil, c11 cffel,

((ll(ic111c tic six 1111s 1>lt1s jc1111c <ttle l\l1tl1cl111ct, s<>11 fils O(lc,1> . .
lir ; <,1, les A111l,cs lc11ni(11I 1111 Ols nll(>t,lif, scl11s l(>t1s les 1111,-
,,(,1ls, <.'<>111111<' l'<111i,nJc11I <l'111l v1ilnl,l c fils : 1>n1 st1itc, 1111
111:11i:lgt~ e11l1c 1111 1,1e 11,l()J>lif cl l'1,<l lt~e <livc>1ce le ~011
fils 1,;1ssi1it t><lltl llllC S()llll111e. r.'Esr Al .. 01\S QlJI~ StJnVINT tlNE
1,1::,,,:.r.,\11clN (!(>n,\Nl().tTE c111i lcvn les sctttJ>ttles 111 Jl1011l1te -.
( l ! !) - Pot11 no11s <livC'1ti1 c11se111J,le, lis c111s enco,c ln 1,1,gc
~11i,,111t~, ,le l~el <>tt :111gc (le 'J~<>I\ ANllt,AE. l)o11c l\1al1<>11,cl
1
1
l'l>(lllSfl Zn11nl> ((ll r11( (t"l'S (i~1c () (IVll1 nl(cJtl S(lll })Ill. 1~11('
:1,11il <"clt1l11111r. ,le~,~ ,,n,1te1 ((t1 Allnl1 lt1i-111p111c nvnit f11it s,,11
1
111:11in~e cl elle (lisitil : J.,es n11t1cs fc111111cs <111 Jl1011l1:'lc

l11i ()Ill lt~ (lcl1111cs 1,i,1 lc111s fi1111illcs, 111nis 111oi, c,esl All:1l1,
111 l1:1111 111 ticl, f(tti 111':1 ,lc,1111c il lt1 i . 1)11 1csle, <''lie
:1fl';1i1r. 11'11f1,~tl11 1>11s lr 111cli11s <ltt 111c111<lc lt' S cxccllf'11lcs l't'l:1-
li,,11s c11l1e ~lnl10111rl cl Zr,cl. > (C:'lnil 11n l>ien ~ul1111l l1cl111-
111<~ (IIIC cc Zit<I). (:e clc111i< I' C(lll(i1111n n jo11i1 (lC' ln 1>l,i11c
1
('(tllfi~lllCC <Ill J>1-(ll)ll( IC cl S(.'111l>l(~ l'n,<,i1 11,,ilc (l ((lit:;

1
<~~:11,ls. C:<>111111c ln11l cl':111l1cs (-:c,1111>ng111,11s ,111 P1cl11l1te, il se

111,11i:1 11n l~c1lni11 11c>111J11c <le fois el <liv<>1n <le 111111e; il
11 ; , 1;, i t n v o i1 <' n ,. is n g 1<l t l Ic cc l l c I1is Ic1 ir c c o 1n 111 c t 111 e t ,. n 11-
s 11 cli,> 11 (.'Ollltlll'l'C:1ll~ J>lt1l<l (Jtle COllllllC llllC t1n~ic 1>:1s--
stlllllC'lc. :. --- Il f:111 l nvc,11c1 q,,,011 nv11i l le sens <les nITr1i1rs
1,.t, ~, n ig t I c 1, e 1. 1r. s A1: 11>cas ! N <>11 s s o 1111 n C' s ( 1n n s Ie 1>1t 1s g, 1111 <1
c(,111ictt1r. 1~11 st1l,ve11lic>1111:tr1l cel 011,,1ngt' , le Sec1clni1c ,l'l~lnt
;111x <:c>l<>t1ies, r11 1~1n11l"(', ovnil celle 11c1qt1r le sc11s (le
l~l,11111,,t11 ; 11111110111 ('01111>lel cn1, 1111lt11cllc111cnt les r<>nl,i ..
l111l1l,lc'S ('Il f11e11I IC's r,nis; (f11(l1JI ntlX ('(llc111isrs, ils ()Jll sn11"
(f(llllc gn1clc~ 1111c 1C'cc1111111issn11ce flc11 1<'lle n11 Scc1ln1i11I
1,c,111 1<'111 11voi1 ,lis1,C'11s 1111 r11sC'ig11e111e11l si s1ie11x. Je, 11c
til, .. ,,~,s ll\S :tt1l1rs 1c~tils les r,1n11cls co1n11isn11ls ~,,,. )'nfTai1c'
Z:1(I . Ils s,,,,t lc111s (l11 11,~111c r111ilt1C' cl 11c 1el-vC'11t ('Il
:1 11 t' 111 l l' rnt; (l l 1 ( 1C l ' 11 S ( ( l 1C.
1
1..c l1a1<'1t1 tll' ~l<ll1,1111111c(l <,,11li11t1c (l ' n11g111e11le1. <:<lit stllll)<1se,
<l n1,1~ 1~. 1..-. 'l"t1g:,~. (Jtle le l 1 1,11,l1lc se snc1ifit' tic 1>l11s c11 11l11s 1
A ,cc ln f(111111<' cl<. Zncl, l\l<>l111111111ctl n ()j <1<'1,nss <le clcttx 1111i-
11!s lt 11c>111IJ1c lt;g:11 cle ft111r11cs ...i\11 li<'II cl<.~ ((t1:1l1c, il c11 11 six 111ni11-
le111,11l ! Six 1,c,111 1111 ~1i,11l I>1~(>11l1l<', (~'est 1,e11. A11ssi, I(~ 1nJ,lai11
,,,-1-il <.~ln1gi1 cr 11,,111l,1c 1,,1111 sc,11 illt1st1e 1lisci1,Je. ()11 \'>il l1ie11
(IIIC l{l1t1cliclji1 11'cs( J)lllS lit li\'('( SIi fl(lg11e <le r('I'. l\f,,J111111111ctl es(
lil>t'1 I Il Il<' f=111l 1,a1s Ir g11c1, l\l,,l1:1111111c,I. '1'11 snis <:c 1111e j'ni
,11clo1111t~ 1>(>t11 IC's C.10~:111ls ('Il l-{(~111al. Q11'ils 1>1,1111C'11l 2, ZI 011 4
fe111111C's (1!)). ~l:1is lc,i, Il! 11'cs 1>t1s t111 (:1oyn11l 01<li11ni1e. 'J"'11 es le
1<" A11,I,<, ; ,',,si l<li (III tls lt' 1,1( 111ic1 st1ivi l11 J"t!li-
1,1('t11ir1 Jlt11111i 1
gic,11 cl'Js,ni-1, et ltl C'S il ,,,fse,,t le tl1cr (IC t,111lc ln (:()llllllllllOttl

ct,,s 11111s,1l111,,11isis. ,\ tc lil1e, 111 j,,t1is tle t>rivil(\gc's ex<<'tllic,1111l'I~.
,,.,,,,. l<>i, il 1,,~ 11 11ns (le li111ilC's cln11s le 11c)1t1l>tc ,ll~ les fr1111nes.
l:cc)tllt,tlS 1:, ,.,.,,,,(11Iflll > (III cl<'s<c11cl n cc Sllj<'I s111 l\lc,1111111111<'(1,
S(lllS r(tl'lll(' t)t r~~f(' cl<1i~(t~(~ l>lll" le' t11f>))ll, (fll 11(' tf1t'l'l IIC (r.tln-
0
llClll('llf 1>11s <'Il <l:1 i, n11g111c11lc1 l;1 s~1i11 lcl clc s,,11 (lis<.~iplc 1
-1!). () l 1c,11l1i l<' !

1 1
cl<;cl,11c~ lit~iles 1,cltll' loi :
11c,11s n,(111s
tes t,,,,1,ses nt1x,,,,,,Jl<s 111 ns <lt,1111<~ lct11s clc1t1:1i1cs,
rcll(s 1lrs 'S<.'ltl\'Cs 1111c \'nl,,v l'i, (l,,111,C's 1>111 r.,it <le
~11e11t',
- lcs Ii 11 <_. s 1(' 1c, 11 cl l 1l' 1e e I cIc IC' s l 1l 11 I<' s Il n Ic ,. 11 <' 1s t
--- 1(' s ri 11 Cs (1C 1(l l l ( ) l \ (. 1l ~ (' 1 (1e ( (' s t Il t l l (' s 111 n l C1. 11 e Is ' 111 i (l l l l
t111ig1f n,r, 1.,i.
- - 111 f <'111111(' <'t'O~'~,,,tc, si elle se ,101111(' 1111 P1,11,l1ll'. si lt~
J>1tlJ>l1t'((' \"f'lll ln Jll ('ll<l1c <'Il lllOling,,, clvt>ltle ri (o, fl
0
1c~lt1si,l11 clcs (:1c1Jn11ls (20).
,~.,iti, 1111(' l,<,fl<' ct>llt l lic,11 t'll 11C'1s1lctli,,<', C'I 11,111s f'l"Cl)'Cllls ~1,11s
1 1
,,C'II(' CIII(' l\I,,l1:11,1111C'cl tl\'llI l'es,,,il cl<' Sll('n(('. 1~,, 11llc11cln11I, foi~
,.,, flllP 111 ,r11x . Sois j11slc (\1 ,~r111il,,l,IP- ; 111nis 111 C'S le 111,1il1<' <le~
l<'s fe111111<'~ C'I 111 11'C'~ J>ns s<,1111,is ntt cl,<>I co,111111111. S,l011 I(' l1clil
t"Cll111111111, ]es ft,,,,,,,,.,s ont (l1ilc't111~ lct11 10111 n111,1l~s tle 1<'111 111nti.
'l'c,i, fni~ <e (ftli Il~ 1,l11il : 111 J><'IIX lttissct <~elle <ftll' ltt ,,,tt(l1t1s, 1>1c11-
(19) Stl111. I\'. ~-

(20) Su11r. XXXIII. t!l.
LE IIA TI P."f DE 1'10I IAP.t~fF.O 61
<ltc celle <Ille clsi1cs. 'l"t1 1>ot111ns rep1entl1e celles qt1e tt, ns
t11
ctrn1lt~('S. N11I u,ief i"t le rni1r s111 C(! })()lll. C Ai11si, les fe111111cs OCCl'l)-
lc1011I 111it 11x lc111 ,lesli11, 11t' 1c1i111i11e1011l J>n~. et ser<>11t sntisfni-
1
lcs ,le ('e fft1<' lt1 le111' ncct>1,IP~ (21). Ynl1,v~ snit ee (Jtti est en no~
ccct11s. Il <c>1111oil l<>ttl cf JI rsl 111ng11n11i111e.
Jlo,11 l'i11sln11I, l\Iol1n111111ecl, l\t ns
1lCl1f fe1n1nes. llnlle-ln,
l\fc>J111111111('tl. 'J'tl OS cljn J>ltlS CfllC clottl>l Je llC)llll>1e lgnJ, IOll<Is
<111c les <:1cl)'A11ls S<l11t l<>t1jc>t11s sl<>f>J>s ot1 cl1ifT1e 4. C'est fini ..Je
I<~ cl,;f<'lt<ls 1111ssi cl'c~l1n11gc1 t111e c1c les frn1111cs conl1e t1ne 011l1c
c111i s'1:1il 1Jl11s l,cllc. Q.t11111l 1111x <.~c>11c11l,i11cs, l11 1>et1x y nllcr 1 (22).
afc si,is 111'il 11'y fl J)llS ,le li1l1lcs i1 lo11 <'St>tit ,le snc1iflce. Se11lc--
lll(.'Jll, j<! le J11vic11s, il rie se1:1 1>ns tot1jo t11s facile <le 111ai11tc1ti1
((>11 l1n1C'111 cl:,11s ln ,,c,ic clt()I{\, ,le gn,clcr 1<111 nt1l<>til. Je vnis l'y
11i(l<'r 1>:11 111cl<111rs <"<ir1sciJs r1<l1csss n11x C1oy1111ls et it les fc111-
111l'S :
fi:J. () ,.,,,1s (ltti tt<>ycz f t)'c11l1cz <ln11s les n111>nrle111~11ls (Ill P1c,-
1>l1i'I(~ c1r1c <1111111,I il \ (>11s t'sl l(>t111 J>e1111iss<>n 1>0111 t111 1e11:1s l
0
(N')' c11l1ez 1>11s) nvn11l l'l1c11re (lt1 rc1>ns. Qt1a11d vo11s ()') lC'~
ir,,ilt~s, l(l\tlcf<,is, c11l,cz l ll~ CJlle V<lllS nvcz ptis le reJlt\s,
1cli1t~7.-V(ll1S ~1,11s VOIIS nJ,n11clc>llllCl', f1,111ilil\l'S, i, 1111 ,liscc>tll'S.
t:('11, f>fl"c11sc le ll1<1l1i:lt~ cl il tt l1011lc <le vo11s. Mois Y11l1,v
1l'11 I >ll S J10 l l I C ( 1C Jfl V 1' i l C.
().11n11tts <lc111n11lez 1111 ol>jet nttx (po11scs cltt Jl1-c>-
1,l,tc), tlc111n11tlcz-lt~ elc11i1c 1111 V(>ilc I Ccln est }litas tlcc11l
1>111 V<>s c,~111s el lc111s c,11s. Il 11'esl pas (licite) V<lll~
c1,,11c,11s<'t l'1\1,t,l1e ,le Yt1l1,v, 11i <l'1><>t1se1 jn111nis ses ~1)ca11-
S<'s, ltJ>1s l11i. <:'esl, llll t'l'g:11<1 tle Ynl1\,,, 1111 i111111e11sc 11cl1
(21).
1~1, <li<l,,11l ce <1<'111ie1 <<>llS(~il n11x isl11111iss, le 1nl,J,i11 tlcv1,il

se Sltt1,c11i1, Sl111s 1,11c1111 <1c,11lc, <le l'nvc11t 111e 011ive Znll. Si
(21) ll>i,I. fil, lrn,l11,li,,11 tir t1-:sr.n-1'11>JANI. I,,~ (;orn,,. 1930, ,,. 277.
(22) Nc,11~ S(1111111,s tir11oi11s I< c (l,'C'l'H011clnuc lg,,li~. nit l\lor(>r, n\rc
l\(t1l1n1111,1cI \', ri r11 A1:,l,ic, l1c7. ll,11 So11,I ,1,,111 Ir~ l1n1r111~ rc,nlirnn, 111 1
1,1,,~il'111s <'('t1lni11rs ,1,, fr111r1lrs, r1cl1rles n prix (l or st1r le r11nrC'l1 l11lcr11n-

ti,,11nl cl< 1:, 111,ile ,le~ l,ln11r.l,c~. c I~,, Ar,,l,ir so11rlil(', les 1,l11s r>rivil,:til-r~
\ic1111c11I ~,c,~~i, le~ f1n1c111s cl~ rl,tik~ ... l)r.s cr11 lninc~ cil! jc11nl's Anglnisc!i

All,111,,11,l(s (l<'s fc111111l'~ l,lcl11lc~ rl Hnn<lls sc, 11( 11:1rlic11lirc111enl

n1,,,1-
c1cts c11 J>n~~ a11nt,c~ ,,nrrc ()tt'llrs C'l1,,nuC'11t tic c l'c,r<linn1rc ., ) cli~1lnr:1l~-
~'11t ni11~i cl1nc111e nr111l' cl, ln ~,11rnrc ,111 ,non,lr pottr nllcr flnir let1rs jo11r~,
!in11.a; l:1is~< (le lrnrr, ,tn,,~ ,l(\s 11nlni~ (1~ r~vc >. Nrr.or.. As ~fAISTRK, Al/cil
l .. ilrr cl11 8 J\fnrs 1061. 1'ft11~ R~i.,liqt1ts ri m,li,,nlc~ 1 l~t c'est le grn11,l
All:1l1 c111i nt11nil (li~I~ rrs loi~ !
(:!:I) Sc,11r. XXXIII, 53.

J\1<)11,\1\l~ll:I> l~N PJ.l:IN l~rANOUISSl~I\IENT
l\lc,l1n1111l1t'cl 1,,nil ,,,, l:1 1,1cn11li(>11s clc 11n1le1n Z1l11nl> tle11i1c t111
,c,il<', il 11'n111:1il 1,:,s c'lt~ st' cl11il, Ir 11,,11v1c l10111111<', t>n1 les fo111ll'S
1
tll tl1 llc rrllllll('

l'i 11':111111( )ltlS lllllllCl~tl,' l" ,le fOC>II O se l'lll>lll.()
111ir1. (:c <111i est :111i,,i~ i, Zn,I 1><>11111,il f t,1t llic11 a\11i,,e1 l\1<>11n111 ...
111c(I. (Jt1clll tnl1st1clJ1l1c 1,0111 111 clig11it ,l11 J>1<11>l1~lc, si <111ell(t1c
( :1c,,111ll

st'cl11isi1il 111,r cl, s<s fr111111c-s I l\1<>1in111111ccl s<'1:1il ltt ,is<'e
cltt 111l>lit. Il f;111t, 1>r11se le 1nl,l,i11, r,,ilC'1 11n1eil ~(1,11cl~1lc. J. . e 111eil-
0
lt111 111(l)'C11, <" l'sl cl'c>l,tigl'I' l<'S (:1c,)n11ls il 11e 1>:11lcr ot1x fc111111es
,1~ 1'l<1l11t11111-1c(I f(IIC <lc11i 1e 1111 \'(1ilc. J.,t1 cl1t1i1 csl f1tillte ; il ,1,11t
1
111ict1x c111c \'(lll~ 11<' \'()~icz J>ns les lllt1111cs cl l<'s fc11111cs s~<l11isn11-
lcs <le <'t'S fc111111rs 11i,,ifi,git'S; <'tst 11ltts clcc11I 1,,1111 V(>S ,(1.11,s, cl
:111s~i (l(lt11 lt111s tc1111s f --- ll1r11(z-gn1<lc, <r>)'llltls I s111vc,illcz
,,,s sc11li111c11ls ; sr<1l ls ,,11 111n11ifcslcs, '\'al1,v<'~ lc~s c(111111il. li s;1it
1
lt)tll (21).
() ll1tJJ>l1ilr . )l''lll' ,,,,.il Il(' l'i111i,c ))OS l:1 llll'lllC i11f(,1lllllC (ltl'it
z.,,I. ,lis Olts (.'l)f)ll"('S, :', lts fill('S, llllX frtll)llCS ,les (:1tl)'Ol1ls, etc
~;<'11(1 s111 cllc" l,111s \r,ilcs. /\ l<'ltrs v,lilcs, ,,11 IC's 1<'("ct111111il1n
('()llllllr. J'CS()C'('l:tltlc'S, i11l,,t1,l1;1l,l<s (~fi). l\l:1is elles ()l'llVClll S(' lll()ll-
l1r1 i, l,111s 1i1('s, i, lr-t11s lils, 1,11x (ils (Il' ll't11s r11cs, 1,,1x fils tic
1,,111s S(rt11s, l1 lt111s fc111111l'S l'i i, lc111s 1,1cl1,1,s r"<l:,vcs. ().t1'ellcs
,1:,i,!11111 ,:1l1,,('. 111i <'SI 1,.,1,,li11 cl,, ltt1lrs 1l1<)S<'s (2(,).
Si l'l'S(ll'I clC' 111c,1lificntic,11 ,,,111ss:1il 1\I<)l1:1111111C',I i, 111r11,11,, ln11l
Il' 1r111111C's, il f:1111 cli1c nl1~;si 111r l'<xislc11l"<' <I<' <rs cl:,111es 11"t't:1il
1:1s l1is 1t''.i(t1i~:,11ll'. l:llt's li<' 11(,11vnic11l S<l1li1 ,le tl1c'z c'llcs, 11i
1:11le1 lil>1<111(11I ,,,1:1 lct11s 1>111<'11ls; cllrs clr,,:1ic11I c1l,i~i1 s1111s
l,,,,1lcl1C'1, 11t1x c,1cl11s cl(' 1<111 1111,ri ; 1~1 111c1i11cl1r it1<111lnclc ,',(=1il
S(l\'l'l'('lll('lll )llllli(' ; lcs ('()llllS f'IIX-lll(~lll('S 11'i-l:1i~11( 1,ns (!X('ltl~ cl11
tl1:1lir11c'11I. <)tll' 1,,111 1rsl:1il-il '! l .. c.' l1:1,,n1cl:1g<', les 111<tclis11r1t<'s, les
,:1lt,11111l'S, l<.~s 1111~ls t.'I 1:, 111se. ll:11,s 1:, ~(tt11r1tc I . X\'I, 1c 111l,l,i11 f:1il
":111s ,lc,11lr nllttsitlll :, 1111' i11clis<1i'licl1t c)c ((tl('lt111c fc111111r clc
l\lol1n111111e<l :
:1. (ll:11,1clt1.-,c11s) 11:111,I I<' 1>1(,,)l1r1,, co11fi:1 ('Il SC('l'('l 1111 ,,, . , ..
1<ls, il tt111t' (Ir St's c''t>f)tlsrs 1 ~~11:111,I l'Pll<'-ti c11 <~111 (lc,1111c.~
11,is (:"1 1111(' :111l1e) <'I 111r '\":,11,v,, t'll e11I i11f(>1111(\ (lt' t>,.,,_
J>lti'l<'). tcl11-(' lil cc,1111nit1r (:'1 l'('f>f>t1sc i11clisr1,,fc) 111,c' 1,:11-
1
lie 11(' ('l' Cftt'il Stl\'II( ~t ,,:1ss:1 l'lllllJ<' SllllS s)C'llCC. ~~llllltcl il
0
l'c11 ('Ill :1,ist 'l', (<'Pli<' l'lltlllS(') clt'lll:111(1:1: (}.tl ('11 11rc,1111
1
cle t<'lll ? ~. J.,'()111t1S<'C'tl(, l,J11rcll'lll 111 (e11) Il ll\'S ,
,.(' 1)C) 11 ( 1i l ( 1l' , l () l )11i I C ) ( 2 7 ).
( 2 1) , , , ; , , f, 1 .
( ~ :i) , ,, ; 'l. fi !J.
(:!fil 11,;,1. r.r.
(~7) St>lll'. I.X \'I. 1 cs 1lt1x ,, .. ,.,,,i,,c; \'('l'Stls etc ttllc" S(ltll':tlr. r,,,,1 ;,lltt
LE IIAlll~l\t l>I~ MOIIAMMEO 63
Cc ,,e,sel co1111llle le tnl>lcn11 C(ttc not1s fnisions cltt )1nre111 de
l\ll,l1n111111(\(l. Q11cllc 11:1vel, tl(' li, 11n1l clc ccl l101111t1e, <le co110er lltl
sec1et it )'1111l~ (le ses ft'Jl1111cs, cl ,111cllc 11uvet <1~111s 111 11>011se
fft1'il fil il l'i11(lisc1le 1 : <111i l'n i11rc11'111 <le ce r1t1e j'ni (lit ? >,
,1,\111u11(lr 1:, fc111111c : el1, l'1l111111C'ttl le snt1111is-je, si Ynl1,v 11e
111c l'nv11it 11ns (lit ? >
l\lc>l1n111111C'cl vivnil, sc111l>l('-l-il, <'Il 111n1ge ,le lc,t1lcs les Jl1csc1i1l-
li,,11s 111c,s11<ft1cs <ltt lnl111t1<I(ft1cs 1>1,1111111gt1es 1101 le 1al>l>i11 J>Clttt"
lcs A1:11,es 1111rst111111,11iss. ll11 (l<'S 1,1e111C'ts Ilti11ci1lcs <llt 111n1i:1g(',
c'('sl <111'1111 (:1t)'011l 11c }lCttl ~(><>11sc1 c111'11tlc C1oyn11lC'. l>ns (l'ex-
c.t~(>li,11 i1 ('<'lie 1gle. J\lc,l111111111<'tl 11-t-il <>llsc1vc.~ celle )oi? CC' 11'csl
1>:1s (r1l:,i11. Il 11 <lt lll'l l1<11t' <l:111s s<>JI l1n1c111 <les fc111111<'R i11c10)1,11-
1
1,,s, clc's f<'111111r" i(lc>l:1lr<~, <[ll se Jll~1ig11i1c11l 1111 j<>t11 011 1nl>]>i11 <le
<c ltlt' l\l1,l1.1111111c<l vt>11lr1it les 1<~11t1(lic1". Si Ir. l 1 1cl1>l1<'lc votts
1<'1>11,lit, Jlt'11l-("'l1e so11 Seig11,,111 ltti (101111c10-t-il <.'11 tl11111ge ,Ir.~
t;/J<Jll.~t,c; llll'I/,111'(!.~ (Jllf' lJOlr.", <f< ... {t'llllllC.'i SUll111.('.~ ( lrcr/rrtJl; (c'cs(-
it-(lirf\ (lf S f~llllll('S 11111Stlltl1:IIISl'CS), tl<'S (:1<lYflllles, (les f~llllllCS
1
<1:1i1t11:111l c-1 ~lc,1ifi:111I ,,:,t,,, ;

f><'tt i1111>01lc, cl'11illct11s, lltl'ellcs
:1ie11I l;t,\ tl1:,1it;<'s (111 CJtt'l llrs Sl><11l c11c<>tc vic1grs > (28).
1
I.c's 11111s11l111;,11isfs 111(1,l<111rs ,,1 )es l'o1n11isn11ts oc. ci(l11lnt1x, <111i

,.,,i,,,111 111( l\lc1l1:1111111<'<1 11,:t jn111:1is C<llllllt r1i J><'tl1 11101lcl, ni
J>t;<ltt; ,,c11i< I, s(' 111,111l1e11I (r,,,il,lc111(\11l c1,1l>n1rnsss <lc,,n1,t ce
1
l1:11r-111 (li~scl1,l,,1111c~ lt1 )l1,,11l1'le <IC' l)ict1. 1)1(,le <IP 1,101>l1lc I J'ni
l1cl111,, clc 1>c'11sc\1 <Jtlc cr1lni11s cnllt<>li,1t1es, <'l 111ti.~111c <le~ 1,1t1cs,
t>l11cc11( l\l(>l1:1111111ccl sll(>ll ~111 le' 111111 1n11g, ,111 Jll<l11s (11111s In
111,"\111r lig11(' ffltc .J~s11s 1 ().11clle :1l,e11nli(ltl 1 1~1 l(ttc c1c J>i1(1t1cllcs
1>(1111 ~;:111,<'t lt f)t11c(\ cl 1:, gi,,,,;1<1silc- cle <!('l A111l,e, <ftt'il~ 1,1er1-
11t11I 11c1111 1111 fc,11(1t1lf't11 (1<' tcligi<,11 f (~p <lsi1 cfT1r11f les [c111111cs
rsl 1111 sigtt(' <1,, l:1 g11111(l<'t11 ~ll1ilt1('llc tlc l\lol1n11,111cI. c1it 1'1111 <lL'
SC'S clc 1
111f\l'S l,itg1r11,l1cs. I~i ()l"CllVC ? c'est f(llC,jtlS((tl'n 2!, n11s
l\lcll1:,111111t11
111:11i11g,, :1,c c l(l1n(li<lj:1, Ir g1t111(I P1(11>l1le 11,cttl jn111nis clc l1n1c111.
1
( : ' C ~ l (1(' 11(. 1, i l' 11 1[l 1)l' C l 1\' C ( l ' l ' i 1 11t O i t 11 : l i t ll n s C Ie s re 111111 es , s.i l
~i,111 i, llll r,,il Cfll(' r1011s lc,lnl('lll('fll : C () P1n1,l1lr 1 ,,o,1rqtl(lf,

#,!IIOl'OflS
1,,l11t(l,:,,,1 l:1 ~;\(~~r:,rlit1tl ,le 1,,., (ftflll"<'~. cli,ln,cs-111 lllirilc rc~ flllC Y,,1,,,,,.
:, clcl:11{ licifc f><)t11 lc,i ? \'11l1,,ia rsl :1l1s<1l11l<'ttr ('I 111is( 1itc11,lil't1x. Ynt,,,l'
1
, . ,,1s n i,,,,,,,~i
Ir ,o,,~ ,li-lier 11' ,n.c; ~r111cr1ls. ()1 ''n.11,v est vt,t1c 11111it1<'.
Il ('()t111nil lc1l1I; Il csl S:1gr. >.
(2R) llirl. fi. (:>111111<' lt 1C'111i11,11r ll1.Ar.111~nn, op. rit., 1. 111, ,,. 100(), n1111.
,1. fi, <' ,ctscI scr:,il 111i,,,1x 1,l:1cc. n11rc; le ,,1. 3() (1(' lit ~ot11. XXXIII : ()
r,11t111cs 111 1-,,,11l1~IC' 1 ... <'Il cl't11l1,, ,011~ <Jtli 1,r11Jt1c1n t111r lt1r1lil11(lc nvic
1cc(\1:1 llll cl1:IIIIC'lll tlf>lllIC <fl'II:'( ff)~ >. (:C C'(>llf<'X((' n'c1npf-cl1r.1nit pnc;
c,11<'11cln111 clr l't"nsr1 (]tic' 1'lc,l1nr11111c(I t'po11sn tics i11C'1oynnlcs, cles frr11,,1rs
c111i 11':1,:1it111 1,ns nc<r1>li' ln 1,,Ji~it,11 1l'ls1,1iI.
(2!)) ~ltt,I t'sl le 1n11s11l111n11 c1,1i :111i,c1a jnmnls 1>1ou,er ce (nit ?
01
~1(11(,\ftr~,,~rl l~N l'l,l~I~ l~l'AN()tJISSl~P.IENT
l{'s ni111<' 111,1is l:1 111,,,1 cl(' J{l1n,1i,ljn, il 11r s11il lclttc 1>ns son le111-
ll<0'1n1111'r1l; il 11gil so11s l'i1111,11lsi,,11 cli,,i11e 1- ,,c,il cc1lcs ttn pttis-
s1111l 111S()t)ll<'lll('lll. l~l ("('(" ('SI fc,it I rl"c111s le~ llltJStt1111a11iss rni-
S(llll)C'lll, ,,11 tll11lc",1 cl(!tnis,>1111C'11l - - (le C<'lle fnc>11 f Je stt(>Jlose
c111'ils s(1t1fl'1t11I c11x-111<"'t11rs ,1,, ers C<llll(ltsic,11s (le lrttt" <'SJ11it q11e
ll't11 i11111r1sc! 1111(' fc,i n,c'11glr. 1111 l1c1111111e se11s rie 1,et1I l<>ttl clc
111t-.111r 11:1s ct1i1c, ,le 1>:11(lillcs s<1111cllcs 1
])'1,,111('s l1i';(1,1i<'11s <(lit', pr,, 1111clet11, je 11e 110111111e111i f>ns, 11011~
s11111>lir11l cl(' Il<' 1>ns j11gc1 <lc.'s Jll<t'tt1s ,,1ip11lnles (l11 \ 1 11 sic]<~
1
(l :11,1c\s les 111<r111s fl<'<il<'11l:1J,,s clt1 XX" si<lp_ I~t Jlttis, 11r. snif-on
J>:ls (Ill(' l}:,,iI C'lll tlll )1:11r111 l)('ll ()CIIJ>lr. ? Q.11c ]11i-111r111', ror11111c
t\1,,11:1111111('<1, <,,11111,il ,Js :1<l11lli1cs, <'l cl=t11s (lrs C<llt<lili,111s i111111<l-
111J,,s ? S:1l,,111(11 11 c'11l-il 11;1s i()r) r11c,11ses -1- :l(l() c,l11<.t1l,i11rs ? flo,11-
1
fjll<>i tlc>tlt r:1i1(' Ir 1111li<Jll(' lr,,,1,1l tlll l\1.llltllllll\C'(t Cflli lllttnil 1ns-
S('llll)l tlttl<111 ,1,, lt1i 1111 l1:11r111 le c111rl,r11rs ,lizni11rs ,le fc111111es ?
(:c r1'('sl 1,:1" <'C' 11:11<111 ,111i 11<llls cl1r)c111c C'lt 1>1c111ie1 lie11. (:'est
' n r (l 11 (' 11 i 1(' l l l f ~ ' t l (.' ( 1(\ 1\ r(1I1:11 l 1111 e (1, r () 1l ( 1l I i I C Jl (' 11 ( 1ig 11 C ll O 111 11 1l
s11,,t1,, <le ,:111,, ,,. l~,1~11ilt', l<l1sc1t1<! lt,>11 cc)1111>n1c' l"s rnils 1n111>01ls
1,:1r I;, l1i11l( :1,'(" <<\t1x cr11e 11c111s 1~1111>01te11l les Arte. <Ir. l'l.-;/nn, ~
1
,,1111111111C'11lr" 11:11 l:1 'l"1:1(lilil11 :11nl>c, ,,11 c,111,lie t1:'s 1rg11li1e1l1enl

tl'>l>"('r,r1 s111 <' Jlc,i11I ffll(' l<s n1>111rli:1lit111s <l<'S l ~<~1\'ni11s Snlt~s 1
ri ('tllrs clts t11111111r11l:1ll't11~ 1,1:,l1<'s ,r,111 ,l:1,1s <IC's <1i1<'<li,111s ,lin-

111t~l111IP111(11I ,,111>(>"(.'('~. l,c's c1(1i glr111'11 l s IC' ll:1,'<I lt1i 011( n1rn-
1
l1,~ cl(s <ti~ fi, ,.,,,,,,11li1 C(tt<' 11r111s cl1C'1cl1c1ic,11s r11 ,ni11 s11r les
li,1C's l\1<1l1:1111111,,cl c,11 s,1,1s l:1 1111111<' <Ir sl's 1,n11t~g~1islrs l1nt1lc-
,IC'
111C'11I f:111li1isi~,I<'~;. l .. ':111lr111 111 t>t"l'111ic1 li, 1r clcs l\c,is (XI, 1-1:l)
1
lll('lllic1r111t' ffllC' ~ S:,1,,,,1,111 e,,, sr11t ('('flls r1l(lllSC'S <le rn11g 111i11cie1
cl t,ois <'C'11ls tc,11t11l,i11'"' ~. ~l:,is <,,~I J>l t1l<ll f>flt11 r11(l11l1c1 le fnslc
<le- ~:, C'flt11 ri l'l.'('l:tl ,le sn llc>~':111lt'' <111c 1c1111 sig11nle1 1111 exe1111>1e
n ~,,i,1(', (':11
1
('f'" r'flllll('S l1n11g1('c, <1rl<>tl1'1l<'lc11t le ('(Cllr ,1c- Snlo-
111()11 ,rrs (l 'a'nl,,,.(~ s'i11iln ('(>11f1r 11,i ... et l11i <lit :
:111t1f's ,1ir11x.
t>n,<c ()IIC 111 l'C's ('(llll()()l"tc\ a,i,,si cl <JIIC 111 11 :1s 1>:ls ClllSCl'V JTI(lll
1
11llinr1r<' ri Il'" 1>1c~<1i1\J<l11s ,,,,,, .i< l'n,,nis r:,ilf's, je~ ,ni!, sti1C'111e11l
l'1111:1<l1c1 ll' 1c,,rl1t1l1r

C'l le 1<>1111er i, ltt111 clC' l<'s sc1, 1 ilc111s ~. 1)nns
ln llil>I<', l:1 Jlcl~,~:111,ic n1l1>;11nil <'<1111111<' lltlC' flr<l1<'1111c<', C(lr11111c 11nr.

~,,ilr ,11, )ll'('ll)r1 fl(~cl1~ : (' C'Sl n 1:, ci11c111ii111r' gc~)l('tnlicltl n1>1rs
1
(:1111t <(tl'esl ,1cl111111~ Ici 1>1r111ic1 <l1:111lillc,11 cl<' c<'ll<' l111111n11il (Jtli
~r cl'1!n,t,, 1J:11 s11ilf <111 f11,1C'slc' l1~1ilnf.{e 01igi1,el : J.,n111clc 111it
t1c11x fc111111cc, ~ ((;('Il. I\', tn). N(lllS 11'en SOll\lll('S 11;1s (.'11('()1'(' n 700
J- l{IS <'(lllt'tlllllC'". 1\(1\~ 011 f>)ltS f<ll'( <les J>1nli<JIIC'S J>Ol~rgntll('S,
l'i,IC'nl cl'l~11,c~1 "(';:, l'1111lili ,111 ,,,c111C't ('()IIJllf'. l\losr, 1~7.rrltiC'I,
lsn<'. ()sl~<'. 11,llir. 11'0111 <111'1111t' fJl,>llSC' ; clr 111<'',111() I<' 111n1i c1c
.l11,fill1. l,.~,-,,,,r 11'11ic111:1lr. J.,':\llii111cc ,IC' '\':111,,ct :l\'C<' S<ltt PeltJlle
i, l''X(l1,~it111 (1( 1,11,t 11111,,, -~, Ir st11,1r111r lll(lflPle cll\ l'llll{)II 1>nr-
1
fnilr ri i11cli""cll11l,f,,; 11;:11<111'\ tli,i11 . 11,'<'C .f<~111s:1le111 S<>11 <~1,011Re,

LE IIAR~~l llE l\l011Al\t1'1ED 5
S(>lll t111is J)(>trr tot1jot11s 111nlgr les i11flcllits sttccessivcs <.le Jc1t1-
s11le11,. ,Js11s, n son t,,t11, 1n11111e1n ln 1flcxio11 <le ses atttlile111s
,,rrs l'1111icil <Ill 1,1e111ie1 C(ltt1>lc l1t1111ni11 et s. Pn11l, for1t1 n l'cot(~
<les 111l1l,i11s. n1gt1111e11lc1n cc>111111c ettx }lot11 fo11cler l<lttle lu s1>i1i-
l11nlit <lt1 111n1inge s111 l'1111i,111 i11<lissol11l,le <lt1 Cl1rist nvec Sfltl
1111ic111e l~glisc, no11velle Allitlr1cc <le J)ictt nvec le 1>ct1ple <les
c1<>)',111ls <(tti n111<>11I s11ivi les r.11seig11<.'111,,11ls lie .Jstts. 1.. es tnl11111-
<listes n,:1ic11l li111ilf ntt 11t111l,1c (le <111nl1e les t><>ttsrs 1>et111isrs
a111x Jl:11lit~1,lie1s, el n clix-l1t1il celles <l',,n 1oi. r..,ct1r clfo1t ten(lnit
O ln 1rsl1ic~li<)Tl, l'i 11011 0 l'ln1gissc111c11t. (:'est IJ('I\
)JCI l<'Jll('lll
(ll111s t~c se11s (Jt1e vn lt, J>c11sc cl11 1nl)l>i11 le f.,n l\lcc<flle l01sc111'il
i1111>(>S<! l('s l<>is jt1ivcs llttx A111l>cs. l\l11is les A111l>C'S, <Jtti 110111 1ic11
<(Jt111,1is 11t1x Ac~I<!.~ ,Ir l'l.~/<1111. <l11I Iltis le conl1c-1>i<'l'Tl-
st'C ; l'i les <~c1111n1c11tnlet11s cl11 1>sc~11(ll>-(:l1rtl ll ,>1,t exl1il1r. les clfr-
glC'111r11ls <Ir Mol1n111111ccl <~(>111111c! <les Ill'<lll<'SS('S nt1111i1nl>les <flle,
0
s(~t,I, 11t1 g< '11i:1I 111c,1,l1l,! 1><>t1vnil se~ 1>c1111r.ll1e 1>n1cc c111c, settl, il
t'(11il 11ssez vigc1t11ct1x 1><>t11 nc(c11111>li1 cl1n<(tle jottr t111c~ Jln1eillc
lll'1rcl11111111tc ! U11 1>1clJll1lr, <lit ln lrn<lilicln, n nc>1t1111le111cnl la,
t>lti~s:111c'c (le qt1nr1111le l1c>111111es ; 111:1is le tcr1il)lc l\1ol1t1111111l'cl, l11i,
:,,,:,il 1:1 1>11issn11cc <1<~ q1111tl111lc 1>101>11les 1 (l\11lc11n1i, I.XVII, l(l~>.
<.:,,~ 1111 111c1i11s, c'rsl ,l11 s1>01I. \',,ifi1 lit 111n11i1l' 111nl>e ,l'vr1l11e1 le
111<~1-il<'. ,\11 11i,,<'1111 <1'1111c l1;1ssc-c,l111 .
.I( 11<' ~,1is <"<' (ftl(' lil 1\1<,l111111111e n115, fge StlJ>-
J>1si', s:111s n11c1111e (>l'<'ll\'<', ,1(' ~,,11 111n1ingr. avec l(l1a<licljn. ,J'ig11(>1c
t<1111111r11I il ,,i~c11l O\'C'(~ <'<!lie 1>1c111i1c t\J><>t1se. C:e <ft1i est cc1lt1i11,
,'c,sl 111':11i~s ltt 11,trI <le l(l1:1<liclji1, il 11>lls n1111111s,it s1111s lt( '8iti,-
0
lic111 cc,111111c~ 1111 ol,sclc~ sex11cI, i1111>:1lic11l (le St' 1i,tl1tl}>J)r.t OJl1-s le
j<'l111c (J11ci. lt1i 11vnil i1111><)sc~ si1 11c111i1c re111111c. J. . c r111ll>i11 n,,:lil
fi~t~ i1 111:1l1e Il' 11c,111l,1(\ l(''gnl <le ses <'ll<ltt!ics ; crtnil ]n 1glc j,,ivr :
111:1is t,i<'11li'l ccln 1,e s11ffil J>l11s : I\l(>l1n111111rcl Ptl a fi, n, 7, 8. !) ;
11lc)1s lt' 111l,l,i11 i11lrr,1 ie11t 1><lt11 col111c1 ln f111rsir <le fic111 n11xililtit(\.
ARs (' z ! l l l f l is 1)l I i:;; (1l l e ( 11 V ( \ l l X s O 11 s (' es s C ( 1e 11 0 l l \' e 11 es r(' 111111 l' ~
J>l'<'ll<ls l<s csclnvcs ; fnis-c11 <les cc,11ct1l,i11cs, ln11l C(lte llt e11 ''<1t1-
<l111s.
JI rxisl:tit 1111c tgl~ i11fl11n11lnl1le c111i (lf<'ttclnit nt1x C1oyr111ls
<l'',,,,,,1s1 les i110(1<'1cs. l\l<,l111111111ecl, ,111i lnil llot11tn11t le 1>1<'111ir1
isl:1111ist~. llC' sc111le ll:ts ovc,i1 le1111 C<l1111,te <ll! celle loi Jl1i111clr<linl<'.
11 c:1,,,1J11il 111J1i's tc1t1lc f<'111111e fftli l11i pn1nissoil e11vinble, 1>ot11 e11
f:1i1c s,,11 i\ll<>ttsc, c1oyn11te 011 11011. Tl tnit sn11s verg~11e ; n,,n11t
h,
<' J>1t is s Cl s , 1(;si 1~ n v r c c. e 11es <1e ~es f en, 111 es q t t i I n i en t cr o y n 1 t es,
il les 1P1111(linit. 1"011t lnit sin11Jle 11ot11 l11i. Il lnit 1not1c <le 10111,
11111is ('C 11111il1c ctnit go11,,c111 f>nr ses pnssi<lrts. Et c'est cet i11lli-
,,icl11 c1t1, ,l(ls snv1111ls > vr11lr11t plnce1~ n ln s11ite cle Jf's11s, s111 le
111i"111r 111111 fltlr T. 11i, ri (ln11s l11 lig11e <lrs g1011cls 1>101ll1les ,l'l~-
111c:1. c:C' 11'C'sl 1>ns set1lc111c11I, ntt c.:011,s <les grs el n11 XX sicle.
5
V\I l\lttll,\I\IAll~ll EN l'l.l~IN El'ANOUISSE1'll~NT
JJcl111 c1,1(l11t1C's cs1,1ils lil,,cs et tl<'~si11t(>Xf(tls, c111e l\1o11n111111c(I

'l>)>a1111il c~<l111111c 1111 cl,~,( lg,,11,li' : cl~jil 1111 \']Je sicle, il ft1l j11g
1
l"<l11111tt' lc'I 1>111 Sl'S ,,,11ll1111,,,111i11s l,,,s fic S(lll 11vr11l111c nvec ln
fr111111c tic Z:,cl, s,11 r1111i et fils 11(l>tlif. l.1<'S l\lc~,li11clis se scn11<lnli-
sc',,.,,,,t <'Il i11,tr11;111I 'l''l' fc,111 111,c'>l1c nv:,ir l'i1tf<11lit,11 (l'e11lcvc1
Z111111I, ; ('(! sc,111 ,f,,s le,111s <111'c,11 11c jot1c 1>,,s i, ~es 1,11,i!i (Jll&\ll(l tlll
,c11I ,i,,c l'lt 1,,,1111(1 ((\ l1<111111,c. ,\,,s~i, l(l1s<111c (te~ l,islo1ie1ls l~nll10-
litlll('S ,,,rt,11('1,t ,,,,r ,,ttit,1,lt' 11,n1~11;l11i1l1c Jltl111 s11i1il11nlisc1 l'111>Jl-
lit <l,1,111cl ,lt' 1\lt,l1;111l1,1t'tl 1>11 11(lt11 Jlnsscr l't;ll()J1gr, flC'11sc'111er1I,
s111 Stlll i1,t~t>l1<l11ilt', ils f,>11t 1>1<'11,c, sn11s s'c11 clt>t1lc'1, <1'1111 11iven11
lllllla,I l>t ll i11r,,,i( lll it ("( lt1i cltS (~t'())'lll l fS <le l\li <Ill(!, ro,111s 1>nt
1 1 0
1 1
1(' 1:1l,l,i11 i, l"c 11s<'g11111r11l l1il,lir111c. J\l(1l1n111111ccl 1c-l<>t1lt1it le jt1,:{e-

1
111C'r1I cl,, ~,,11 11lc,111:1g<'. Srlll n,< 11l111c Il~ 111n1r(tln t><>t11 le t'<'SI<' ,lo
1
s<'s .i<>111s. flC'1~c1111<', l1 l'c~,,,c1t1,, .. 11'c11I

0
t,,
,111,'<'l (le c-1oi1c <fttc cc(lc
llltlfl11,1111t-_l<~lt ! lt1i 1'111 ,litlc't! 1>111' lt' ~tatll<) J\)l~tlt, l<llll C(ll\1111(' l\\l<.~111\
l:,1i,11ir1 Si1(1c~ 11:1t11:,it "'' J'icl<~e ~t1\,g1<' 1,11c <'I i1111,il' tic ,,,.,,~e11IC'l"
lts t~g,11(1,1rl1I~ <lt S;,t(,1,,c,11 <,,,
,tP. l l:1,itl ,~tllt1111l~ 1<~ f111il ,l'1111c i11s-
11itt1lit,11 cli,llt' 11,, ,:,1,,,.,,_
(,)11:111,l llll 1f1>lc t111jc,111cl'l1t1i :tvcc
Sl'1ict1~, -- t)II ,\Jl))ill"l'll<'l' cl,, si\1ir11x --, les i11,,1,1ise111l,J11l,Jrs 1r,'<'-
1it's <J11(\ 1:1 l1:1clili,111 11111~11l111r111c' 111,11s n l<'~tlt'rs, clr <ftl S<' 111,,,,,,,,_
1
1-llll '! (,~ttt'f <'~;1 1"11c1111111(' ()<' )>CJll S('ll~, ff II \'llll1)111il lltt"'l<'t ,t:111\\'(
'
i, ,1,, ,,,11<i11<'s i11s:111ilt's <'l ( 1c,i1c 0

,,,,'JI ll\s ;1 l,<~1,ifr~ ? I>t1t11 cc f(II
111f' <c,1l('t'111r, j1! 111r l'l'ft1sr it <'ttl1 1 <l1111s 1111 c11g1t11ng<' :111ssi sl11-
1
lllP..
<.:IIAP1'11,E 111
l.1A l'if: 11 "JIIEJJINE

1. nJ~(if~l~S J~J..,J~I\II~Nl'AlflES DE l 1 (JJ.1ITESSE A L'USA(il~
l)I~S I\IUSUL~IANISES.
'l'(,11s l'l'tlX <Jtti (>11( vc:11 l<>11glc1111>s c11 flnys 111ust1l111on snve11l
tc les A,nl>cs ot1 les nrn1>iss s,>nl g11rolc111enl n11i1s t1 1>oi11l
clt' v11r 111t11t,,I, o 1>ei11c <lt~g1,>ssis 1 tolt,Jc111e11l igno1n11ls <les tglcs
<I- 1,<,lilissc cl ,lC' sn\'(1i1-,,ivre 1>1ot1vcs 1>nr l'cxprie11cc <le1,11is
les si<:lrs c11 ()cciclc11l. )ln, cxe1111>l<', ils n'(lt"<>ttvcnl J>as le l>csc,i11
cl't1v,,i1' ,Ir~ s<~1viclll'S clc 1111,lc, 11i 111111c <les sc1viellcs <le tc>ilctl('.
()11 <.'<>1111>1(), cc1les, (le 1n,. cs cxce1>lic>11s, tltnis je pa,le ici (le ln
111:ts~t'. llrs .J11ifs, O)'n11l lo11jot11s vct1 n,ec les Arnhes clans le
,pf'111r11, ('I n11ivn11t t11 Js1n] ,,11x t~11viro11s <le 1~)53, C'l'lll'<'lll l<1t1l
cl':,J,(,1(1 1111c le lll(ll"l'Cntl clc snv<>ll q11'c,11 lc11r n1>1>01lnil le 111nli11
1<>t11 se l:1vC't' tnit (lrsli11 il let11 J>clil tljet111cr.
,\ 1'tlc~<li11<', I<' 1nl>l,i11 s'l'sl nllocl1 n tlo11t1c1 n11x 111,1st1l111nr,iss
c111t'l,r11rs 11clli<,11s clc snv<>i1-viv1c, s111lot1I cln11s le111s 1n1>J>t,1ts nvcc
l\ 1f l 11;111111 l (' ( 1.
(:~ ll 111iC'1, VC'tlf ile l{l1nJi,lj:1 cl vivn11t c11 1>lci11c lil,C'1l fl1111s
1
~c,11 l1:11t111 l,ic11 11e111>l, est tlcvl't1t1 1111 ~1<>11sic111 . Il lrn11rl1e

11rflc111t'11l s111 t(llts l('S n11l1l'S A1,1l>cs. Il con 11ait les 111i11cipnlP~ l1is-
l1i1c's ,lt' l'J\11tic11 'l'csl11111cr1I. Il snil <Jt1 so11t Acln111 (\l I~,,e, <:r,11 C'l
J\t,,,f, 1\l,111l111111 C'I lsnnc, .Jr1<.~c,ll, f\fose, l)nvic1, Snlcl111011. (~tftlc
i1 s11 f r,11111(' <'1 11,1 1nl,l,i11, 1\1c,11:11,1111rcl, le 1,1c111i<1 11n1111i le~ A ,ni,<~.
11 c-1'('\'t; le 1,l11r<>11<I ,l'1111c ig11,,11111ce 1,nisse (le (lizni11cs ,le sit.'l'les. Il
est fl{)VC'1111 (ftlC'lr111'11n. li le snil cl se 1e11gorge. Q11nn(l il se Jlto111r11<'
lr111s les 1t1cs (le [.,n l\lecq11c l~ji1, il soit q11'il est Mol1n,n1ne(I I I~e
1111>1,i,1 <'si <ll,lig <le l11i fnire 1111e s1iet1~e ol>se1vnlion : c S,,is
1110,t,,slc c11 ln <l11101cl1c I Jlnissc 1111 J>Ctt la voix : en vrit, ln )l],1s
,lt;sr1g1rnl,lc (les voix, n'est-ce 11ns, certes, ln voix <les Anrs ? (1).
l~l (>()111(11111, Jcs A r11l,es (ft1i ne vo11lnic11l J>ns se rollier n ln rcligif>11
clrs .J,,irs 11c cessniC'11t <le se 111c1q11C'1 clc l11 i. Il n'est J>os <l'i11s11llc
cr11'l>ll l11i nil 1>n1g11e : 111 11'es q11'1111 fo11, 1111 J>osscl, 1111 s01cic1,
( 1) S,,,11. XXXI, 18.

i()
~1>11:\~l~ll~IJ F.N l'l#EIN l~PANOUISSE~IENT
1111 ,.,~,r,11, 1111 11,1lc ; t,1 11'es q11'1111 si1111lle 1nn1lcl, JlOS
1111 f111t<'t11,
1,l11c; 111nli11 ,111'1111 111,1,c; 111 11'c!i 111111e Jltls cn1,nl>le (l'nvc)it (les
c11rn,1(s, (111 11l()IIS ,lf'S c11fn11ls 11,nlC'S I NotlS co11nnisS<)llS celte
i11~t1llc pn1 ln 1i1,c1slr ,111 111l>l>i11 : C'est cel11i r,t1i te l1nit (l\l,1l1n111-
111tI), ffll n le, ((11Ctlr ('ftllf>rc 1 (2) Il est ,i,le11I (flle Je 1nlJui11
1r1,1c11,l les lt 1111t\~ 111()11,rs ,le l'i11s11II(! O(l,rsse n ~l1,l1n111111ctl. Il
1
i11IC'1,ie1,1, ll>11 ,,11,s 1>,1111 l'ntl111,l11()sle1, 111nis 110111 1e111,1nfe1 S(lll

<f,t111l~C. (:c,11fi:111<e, 111r,11 fils, lt1 ,ni11c1ns. 'J'11 es c11 l1nin <le vivre
l'n,r11t111(' <t,, l<>tts l<'s g, ..n11fls n11i'll1<'s <I<! )'nl1,v r1t1i l'<,111 ,lcvn11cl
f\lilis le lltt11,1r l\l<,l1n111111eil IJiC'nt,t, n J...,n l\lecc111c, c111e ln
,i1l<>i1e 1t'<'sl 11:1s 11,,111 111ni11lc11:111I. Not1s nvo11s vt1 tlnns ,111C'llcs
('C)llf)((lnS } ftll IIIS :1 ln l)(ll"(e cle Jn ){n'l>n~ 011 il s'lnil ('llllfll"Cfi R
l'l'tllli1 lcs j11cl;ts,s ('()1111))(' 1,,i, <-1 C(lllllllClll il ft1I, 0\'CC CllX, eX()tlls
i,
le 1.. l\lccfltlC'. l:s11,;1nie11l-ils, !,Cltls ln co11<lt1ilc ,111 1nl,l,i11. l1,1t1-
,c1 :'l I\Ji,cli11c 11l11s cJ,, l1n11r111illilr ? fl1-,>l>nl1lc111r.nl. l\lnis la sillt,1-
Ii(11 s' ,1, , ~ 1, , l 1 i s , i l t', n 11 <: n 1111; 1i ,e , 1>ir , 1 p It I s c o 111 1>1i<111 e. J ,1i f s ,
ir1fi<li'lcs, cl11,,tif'1,~, 111t1c;11l111:111iss, 11':,11i,:111I 111'111c 1>:ls il s'e11-
f('ll(l1c <'11f1<' CIi:'\ 1~s1>C'<'li,C'111c11l 1111 S<'11 (le cl1nf111c <.,11111111111n11l,
('Il n11i,('-rC'11I i1 ('tlllSIlllP.1 (lrs rn(I(lllS (JII s'nllit1ie11l clc ln rnon ln
1>l11s ,,~1111,ng:1111,, 11,C'c clC's g1c,1111cs ot1 <les fncliflTIS flllC, 11,11111nlc-
1,1r11I, ell<'s n111:,if11I ,111 c<1111l>11lt1r. Allit111cl's <1'1111 .i<>t11, 01>Jl(1sitions
,111 lr11clt'11111i11, (lr1fi<lic ,l<'S ll~11(,c1ilC's, nllcr1lis111c IC's 1ir<l<lt1i11s,
1:1 si l 1111 t i,, 1, ,, l :1i 1 , ,. :, i 111 , 11 <! 1t 1I>1 <111 i 11 "c. 1lc1111 I11 11 t, 1e 1 n J, 1l i11 111 :1 i 11-
l t 11: 1il l'tll'<lt{' gl11)1:1f flfll'lll l<S tllll~tlflllOllSr'S ; if lllJlOSOf lllnlgt
lct1l ~= SIJJl1i111:1lic l\lc,l,11111111,,l 11'c;l11il-il llllS le 1>1c111ic>1 J\1:11,e <111i
1

:1il t'II le <'t>t11;1g,, ,l':1<lc11,t,1 1:, 1lligic,11 cl'Js1211 '! fi <'SI ,ll'\'4!1111 1111
,,r,s,,r11111gc. Il :1 llllt' 111is~i,,,, fl l'Clll(llir : Jll'('(lt('l. ln 1t,ligio11 <le
1\1,,s(' cl ,l',\l,1:111:1111 i'1 srs <1,11111nl1i<,les. JI ~si <l<~\'<'1111 1#.,,1(>11,,~.
(:'('si le 111l1l,i11 c1t1i l':1 t'<J11s:1(1{, 1\11{,(1<' .1 ,, .i11l:1s111c 11111111i lt"s /\111-
l,l''i. f\l(>l1,1111111c\(I 'si lt' tl1lf ,lrs 11111st1l111:,11ist.",s, c,1111111<' /\ l,1:1l11111
111;, C'll ,l,11111:1111 i, ,:,t,,,t' le Jll11s g1n111s <les 11111s11l111~111iss,
l\lc,l1:l111111,cl 1<'111i,-;c111<! ,pnla,,t~ 1
<ltti, le~ 1:1l1l,i11 l11i :1 ,t,,1111c~ <etl<' r,>11fi1111(,~ i11c111c, ,e 1,)lc
i11,1t~p11l,I,. l\lt,11:1111111<\(I 11(11><,s<~ tf,111111e A11<">l1c le Y11I,,,,,~, ccli1
fi1isr1it f1i 111i1 ,Ir 1:1~(', 111 ,,1111>:111 clc~s .l11ifs ,le l\lrt1itle. ()11 lt' C(llll-
1
)ll"('ll(I nis( 'lll('lll. t )1,t'i, i, 1\l<,l11111111t( CI, c'csl ol,t~i, n l)ietl ; l11i ,1i~S()-
0
l1t'1, <'esl 111"1il1 1:, <llt1,, ,111 'l'cltl(-l>11issn11I. l)c,t11 1111c 1;1ct~ 1111s!i
i 11 <. 11 If C f Il I e I;1 1. 11 l C' ; 11 :l 1, C' 1 l 11 l 1)1' t l Il ) (' 111 fl g i 11 t 11 f, ( rl \ ) ) l I l )>( :111 C()11 (,
(2) S,,111. (:\'flf, :1 : C il111:l ~:tr1i' Slk:1 )1\l\\'fl l'l1l1(:ll' >. fl/111/ttrC lrn1lt1il
,,:,r llfl ,.,,,,t,r111'.IIII' : ,rl,,i Cflli lt 11:,il se t,,,,,,., ;.,,.,,Ir l>e . . 11<.iri/,i )' ; 111nis
1. s,,1n.,c111 rl1l11111 le"''''~ lilti1:1I. (/.,, ,,,,:1,,,,1,nre ,1,,,,. . /, r.,.ra,,, ,,. lfl-1, Pnri~
1!) l:il. l.:t ,-t111s~t't1ft 1l1 l'1~1,1'~"ic111 )>l'II( c",ttc ('fllllJ>:ll'l\C il ln rt>1111tlle tic
r'fllJ1li11ft)II, sig11:1lt1 :111 tl1:111il1( clt~ ft'lllf11<'~.
1
J.A VIE A MDINE 71
,le si1111,lil)t~r,li>11s. 11 ltai fr1llt1il les i,l1>lcs. J..,e 1ol>l>i11 le111 c11 c11lvc
l1r>is t~11ls 'tt'il 1c1111>lnce 11n1 1111e, tlc l>ellc lnillcl fvlol1n1nme,l, P10-
,,,,~,,~ le.~ J)1c11. C'lnil ln ll1'oc1ulie nral1c c111e le rnl>l>in forgenil
n i11 si (;l) .
1. r~ 11,11st1l111n11i~tts 111ecr111c)is cr,1111nissnic11l l>('ll l\1(ll1n111111r1l. Ils
1'11\:,i<'ttl ,,,, ,l1111~ s,,11 ~11f:111('<'. lls --nvnic11t ro1111t1 sn 111is1e; s,,11
111n1i11gc ,~l1n11cc11x, 111nis 1i,1ict1lc ; l'ot1to1it oc J{l1n11i,ljn q11i 11e
lt1i 1,c,1111ellnil 110s cl'i11rn1ln41c, el ln rcvn11cl1e cle l\Jol1n111111ctl )01s-
flll(', 1(1111,li,ljn n 1>ei11e 111<11te, il se co11slilt1n 11n ct111f ortn1lle l1n1c111.
l.,es J\1:1l>C's co11li11t1nie11I i, c11 ri1e. Mnlg, lt>t1l, le lcnnce rul>l>in
11<! lncl1:l 1its ::;011 l1c>111111e. .Jn111nis, en nttcttne circonstance, 011
11'21,11il ,,,, l\l<>l1n111111ccl ngi1 clc sn 1>10111e i11ilinlivc..Tan1nis, ,ta11s
les 11,t,s ,le /'lsln,n, il 11'n1>1111rnil (<lt11111e at1l~t11 1'1111c enl1c1l1isc
<r11cl(,,1111t1c ; il 11't'St qt1'1111 exc11la11t. Pett i1111>(>1te, le 1nl>l>i11 l'n
lt,11s:t(tt~ <l,ef ,le la C<J11111111n11t1l jt1(lo-n1nl1e, g1n11,l-1l1lrc <le ln
l{:1'l>r1 ,1t',<.l:11c le1111>lc (111 sct1l ,,1ni Dict1, n1ll1c ,les 1nt1s11l111011iss,
1c1>1(~se11ln11t <le Yr1l,,\. l\1(1l1n111111e(I l11ltera co11lre certni11~ grt>t1-
J><'~ tl<! .lt1irs, <.'onl,e les inntllC's, c<>11l1e les 11ypoc1iles, co11l1e I<'"
0
~l11< 'I'11s, , ,,1l1e les l><l<>t1i11s, 111nis jn111nis cle S<>n t>roprc cl1cf. Il
111~i1:1 l(lltj<lt11s s111 <ll"(11c <111 1ol,l,i11. g1ncc i, qt1i il est 111ninle111,11t
)'~11>c1l1(l ,le Ynl,,,,; il fi1t1l )11i <ll>i1 co111111c il Ypl1,v lt1i-111111e :
()l)t.'S~('7. n ,rn11,,, <\I i, l'A1>(1c f
1\1:,is l\l<1l1:,1111,1c1I 11-l-il J,iC'11 les <(t1nlils vot1ll1cs 1>c>111 rP1111llit
1111 ll'I ,.,'",le? li 11'n pns l~ rle,'{' ,l:111s les sr1lo11s 111 n'nvnil cc1tni11e-
111c,1I 1,:1s 1111 111<>11cl1oi1 <I<.' tl<l('ltC' llfl1J1 se 111011rl1"1, 11i 1111r se1vi<'lle
tlt l:1lilt ,,11 clt\ loilcltc, 1,111l<'S ,l,,1~<'S s111>'1tl11cs ig11<>tttes, n11jot11-
cl'l,11i ('ll('(ll'(', lcn11t()III) .,(' r,111,illC's n1nl)C'S, lll~lllP. ll()llOl'tl-
cln11s
1,lt'S ! 1,t's 11111~111111:111s ,111i ,,111 t~ltil l(lnr,le11111s n1,1's, <'l rct1x ,l'11t1-
j,1111,1111ri 111i lc's s11i,r11I, ~,,111 l1s r111111si111ls. f:n.11111~ IC' g,n11,l Jlr'<l
,,1,,,1,, 11,, ,1,,it f'l,c i11f<',1ic't11 :1 1,<1s<11111<', r11 1,'i1111>fl1tc <111C'I 1<'1111)~,
ils le tl(,1,,,11 g,~111e11se111e11I ,le <'C 111c 1tti 111n11c111nil. l\t. lln111icl111-
111l1 1:1,,l111,, 11,,s s1i1'll~(\Jl1P11I ( 1) r111c, l\lcll1n111111ecl O)'n11t <.'c1il ,,
:11-1\ftl(l:llltlS )l'lll1 )'i11,lt'l n ~r lClll''~l(i1 li l'fsl:,111, le! ~1n11c) rl1rr
0
,1<'!, (',,lJllt's l'c11,,l~''' 111,,111c'11r1 Jl'>li111c11I r,, l11i <lisn11l r111'il 1,',',111il
~,(' ,,.,s~~i1,, .., (Ill(' f)ie11 ('11\'(lJt"ll 1111 )ll'(l)) l l<'IC Cil A111l,ic fl celle~
0
C'llflflllf'. l\f:1i~, Cil ('(llll)lC'll::;11I(lll lC' Ce 1crt1~, i) 1111 en\'(>yn \Ill rc1-
l:1i11 11c11,1l,1<"' ,I,~ ('ft<l<'r111x, 1,111111i lcs,111<'1~ 1111 1,,,1 r11 ,,c,1<', cl t111c
j,,li<' l,c,ilc' .,i1 1\1,ll1n,11111r,I 1r111g<'11il Jllt1s ln11l ~on 111i1,,i1, S<lll
,,,i~~1,,~ cl'i,,,,i,<', sr-s <'~<'r1t1~, sr, l,1nsst' i, (lrt1ls, ri sn llnilc (l n11ti-
1
111<,i11c~ ~- ()Il llr (,.f)llllllI 11ns ('11('()1'(' ln 11,n1,r11P. (le S(lll ,1c11tir1i,r, 11i
le 11<,111 ,lt1 tlil1ft1111c111 (~ll>tc 1111i ltti fclt11r,issnil so11 cnt1 ,le C:ol~,-
(:J) \',,i,
11,,11t' <l1:111i11t ~,1, At,.1,,,,,,,,,r,I Ar,,it,c : liv. V, ri,. IJ, C. 1.
( 1) f\l. 11,\~ll(>lll,1,AII, 0/J. ('(. t,>111c J, Jl. 210-2( 1.

i2 f\1 () I IJ\ 1\1 ~11~1> f:N 11 .EIN t:PANOU JSSE~IENT
g11~. l\lni~ ll(>t1s s:1,1,1,s it 1,1sc11I 1111e l01s<Jt1'il partait en rar11pn,tne,

l\lcll?n111111rtl r1111>,1l11il l(1t1j,1t11s 11vec lt1i s011 11cessoirc clc toiletlcl
(:',si 1>10J,nl>l<'111<'11I l,t1n(li,ljn <Jtti ,,vnit fi(\ le 111clt1e il )Jon11e cole,
c111 le~ j11ifs il:1i(11l l'11lli,,~s, t'l 11f111s VO}' OllS le 1nl,bi11 s'ing11ic1
t1al1li1 le l,<,111tl'S 1111111ir1cs (l:111s les 101111orts c11t1e l'Aplre el ses
s11l>o1tll>11ns. \',111s s:1,,c1. l>ie11, (lil-il n ces (le111icrs, c111e <les l1,,111-
111cs )l<,lis 11'1111<11t 1>11s ,11<'7. (Jltt1<1t1'1111 sn11s f1nr111er. Qt11111ll votas
,,111lcz nllc1 ll1r7. fft1C'l(J11'1111, f1~11,1>l'~ (lt111c nva11l (l'c11t1c1 ; <'l snlt1cz
n,111l t1e 1n1lr1 ! Si ,,,, 11e 1,,,,11cl J>ns, c'("s( c1t1'il 11'y a 1>e1"so11ne.
9
/\ l1,1s ll ('111t<7. 1,:1~;, s:111f, ,~,i()cttllll<'tll, s'il s'a1gil <f'ttllC <lr.llll'llle
i11l11tl1il<' ,,,1
s<~ l1c)t1,c 1111 <)l)jct .(1t1i \'<>tts :11,1>i11tie11I.
2. () ,c,11s 111i c,,,~~1. ! 11'<'11l1P1. 1>c,i11t (ln11s (les (lt'111et11es n11l1cs

q11c ,,,,s lc111,111rs, nv:1111 <le ,c)tls f ni1"<' n<l111C'll1e cl (l'nv(1i1
S,lllll\ ("(.'Il~ c111i lt'S ()(.'('IIJl(~lll I t:'csl llll l>ie11 ()()lll' V()IIS. )let1l-
fl1c ,c,11s ;1111f'11,lc1rz-,1,t1s.
28. Si l1,,t1, r~ 1>r1s,,1111c, 11' ~ t'11l1r1. 1(>11I n,11111 (l ) '

,.(lits ,,.,. 1
1
(l1t 1111l1,,iss ! J:1 !-i I',,,, ,.,,,,s clit : ncti,cz-vc>tls , itlots

1cli111.-,,111" ! f:l l:1 sr1:1 Jllt1s <llr11I Jl<>t11 vo11s. Y11l1,v, <le
1
,c ()tic \"(lllS r:,ilf'S, {'S( ()lllllscie11I.
~!). Il 11'rsl ,,:," fi(' g1i<1 r ;, r:,i,e

tln11s (IC's cletl)Cll-
,.()tlS (l'c11tre1
. ,,'i i11l1:1l,if,~cs ,1i1 s<' 11<111,r 1111 ol>jrt ,c111s n1l11n1le11n11t.
,i,l1,,~ snil ,.,, 111< ,,>tls ,li,11lg11cz cl <'C tlllC ,,o,1s cncl1cz (fi).
Il ~- Il l,>11gl'1111,s flll(' IIC)IIS :111l1rs, .Jt1irs, ll()llS C(>lllll\SSC)llS 1>n1

11,,s s11i11ls li,1rs crs 111:111ii1C's 11,,lic~ :
l.t! ~li SC' )1;1ft <le f:ll'C SClll Clll1rc,
I., 'l 1<, , , 1111 r c ~~ 1>, 1 i 1, 1r 11 It; 1l 1 r ,1<1 1111 e 1, 11i 1, 1 c1<' 111 c, <1<' s Ic :
tlc ln Jl()l'lc, l11sr11s 1rg:11(lt n
l'i11l1ict11,
I' 11 , 111111 < 1, i (, , t ~ 1t , c. 1c s l t, 1c1, t >1:-i
(:'c.sl lt tl 1 0
r;1( 1111 lllfll t 'lt\'(; Cfll<' cf't~('C,ttlC'I" flltX ))Clt'(('S,

1111 111)11111,r ~1,sc
r11 sr11I le ll<'sl1c11111,~111 (f,),
<,l11n11,I ,c,11" 11l1r7. cl:111s ,.,,~ l1:1l1il:1ti,>11s, snl11rz-,,c,11s cl':1ltt11,I
,.,~,i1,1c1<111t111,11I. (:,si ):1 111c,i11cl1l~ clcs 1>c1lill~sscs (7).
( r.l
,) ~
,-,C)lll . X''I\'
., >7
- - . t
.. 1. ,.,.,.
( f , , '.-cc ""' 1)___
1, ') 1.
(7) S(1111. XXI\'. 1,1 : ~ f,>11:11111 ,.,,,," tt1l,1. cl;111s clr.s 1lc111l'tl1t~. n,lrr~sr1.-
t, .,
' ,,,,s 111 , , 1 11t' , , \ , , 1 ,, , , , ":, 1, 11 :, 1i , , ,, , , ,, :, ,, , ,1 ,. :, 1, ,,. r. 1, ,. ,, i <' x 11c,11 ('. A i ,, .s i
,:111,, ,011~ ex,,,,"'' "''~ ,,11-;ri~11r111r11I~. (lc11l-c"~I 1c- r:1i~r11111r1<'1.-,011s f , ; ,oir
:11tc;~i IV, RR : .- t,)11 1 11,I llllt' ~:1l11l:1li 1 111 c,,111lr>.SC' ,.,,,,' ,~l :1,l1c~.st(', ~,ltl<'7.
11:11 ,,,,,. 1,1,,~ 1,,,11,, 111cc,, ,, ,,11 1c111ltz-ln (~i1111,lt111cnl). )';111,v (le lottlc r.l1osc.
lie11l ltc111 t,,1111,lt ~.

LA VIE A MEDINB
C:('S tl'C<,111111n11clnlions ,,oient 1>011r lo11l le inonde. Elles s'i111po-

sc11l 8t11l(1t1I n
vos esclaves, cl n ce11x qui n'ont pns e11co1e atteint
111 1>11),crlt~. E11 e1111011I sans frn1>11c1, ne risqt1e11l-ils pos, en cfte1,
clc vo11s Rt111>retlll1e <ln11s 1111c lenttc indcente ? Dons ces 1>nys
cl111t11s fJtt les l10111111cs llor1nc11l nt1s, cltl s'ex1>ose, en pnlrnr1t cl1t'Z
<'tlx s,111s nve1li1, les l1ot1vr1 e11 co111plle ntt<lil. Cl1ez vo,1s, jt1s-
<(t1'ici. c'est cl1ose n<l111isc ; 111ois il y a c)es sicles qtte dans nos
111111s, 11,,1,s ,,eillo11s vilc1 ln 11t1<lil en pttblic, nous en dtou1-
11c1, cl i, l,1 cc,11v1i1. N(111~ ovo11s ltc>nle, nc111s autres Juifs, de ln
11t1(lil ,,n, lnr1t1c1le est vc1111 le 1>1c1ni<'1 veil tic ln conct1piscc11cc
l11111111i11c (8); sig11e fic 1>1111v1cl (!)), signe gale111ent de dgrocli1-
li<111 cl ,l'cxlc1>li<>n11cllc J>ttnilion (10).
JI 1,')' n r111c les sn11vi1g<s c111i vive11t nt1s. Ecot1lcz Isae! : c J..,'n11-
11i\l~ flI Ir g11111(I cl1nns(,11 vi11I Asl1<lo<I env<)y pa1 Snrgo11, 1oi
cl'Ass,11, <t il 11llnqt111 Asl1<ll<I cl le 11rit, e11 ce te,1111s-lil, Y11l1,,
:1,:1il r,1111,, 1,111 Je 111inist1e ,l'lsnc, fils rl'Atno. 1111,i nvnit <lit:
\'11, (l<;1,,,11c le sn< (ltlc ltt ns s11r les 1rins et te les sn11<l11les q11c
111 11 s n t 1x 1>i ecIs > . Cc 1,1i-c i l ' n v n i l f n i l e t se 1>t o In c 11 n i l l <, , t 1 1111 c l
(lt'l'l1:111s!;P. l)<'tlcln11t lrc,is nns 11<111r sc1vir (le sig11e et <le 11rsoge n11
s11jr.l cf,, l'l~l-{Yl>fe et (I<! 1{11~1, ; (le 111111e le r(l ,l'Assttr c1nr11nr1n
1,s <rtJJlifs flC' l'l~g)'lllc cl les (l<~1>cl1ls clc l{t1sl1, je111tes et vie11x, nlts
cl <l<'ll11111~sc~cs <'l f<~sscs clc(>t1,,e1les - l1c,11le cle l'f~gyple 1 > (11)
J).-;s,,111111is, veillez <lor1c, 11111s11l111nniss, n ce f(tle pe1s01111e 11'e11-
lrc cl1C'z ''1l11~ ~n11s nve1ti1, s111lc,11I 011x l1e111cs oi1 vo11s p<>ttvez t,c
1111s ,l1111s V<>s tle111e111rs, J>nt C'Xt'n11,1c i, l'l1el11e cl11 lever, (ltl c<111cl1e1,
<lll :111 111111111t fic 111 sic.sl<!. (~c st,11t (les 1glcs <le (lt111e llt1c11li,,11
(ft1'il \'()lis r,,,11 l,ie11 11c1le1 :

fl7. f > ,,,,,1s 111i ,1<1~rcz 1 ,,,,c v,,~ csclnves cl c111x (l't'11l1e vo11s
111i 11'c,11I 1>11~ C'11c~r,1e 11IIC'i11l ln 1>1tlle1t v<,11~ <lc111n11<lcnl 11,
,,,,1111issi,,11 (cl',,11lrr1), 11(,is f<1is, nvo11t ln (l1i1e <le 1n11l,e 1
111:111,I v<,11s cl<;11,1sei ,,,l~,l\lc111c11ls 1 it 1,,
1n1i(li,nne <'l 1111rs
l:1 ll1ii,1c 111 ~,,i, : (c Sfltll 11,,i~ 1no111e11ls (ltl 1'011 ,,e11t vo11s
~11l1('lt<l1e r11 ,,,lt1~ 1111,lilr. I~,, c1~1101s clc ceR 1110111e11ls, il
9
11,('SI ll<>III cl<' '-'t"<'f l \'ClllS rni1e 11()0 lllttR (]11 0 CtlX cl<' JlllR~t'I'
lcs 1111s tl,rz ll's 11111,l'S (s1,118 clc111n11lc1 <clic lll'1111i~si(>t1).
(R) (i,1,rsc 111. 7, If). 11.

(!)l 1,,1,i, 1. 17 : Jt,11. XXIV. 7. lfl : XXX[, l!l ; I. Vllf, 7.
(1(1) .lt,11, XXII, 6; f)!-;t If, 1 -fi : c A<,,1~cz \'t1 t 1c 11,1c; ,,r,t1~cz-l,1 l (::,1
tllt 11,sl 1,l,1s 111:1 rc111111t' ,,1 je 11c ~t1is 11lt1~ sort 111:l 1i ; (fll'cllc l,n1,11i~Sl' flt sa
f:1,, scs 1,1,,ii;:lilttlion~. l't'11l1c ~rs ~<ir1c; ~<'S n,lt1ll1r!i ; ~i,1011, }C' ln clsl1r,-
l1illc1ni lr,111,, ,,,,c ri ln 111rtt1ni rt1111111c nt1 jo111 rie ~n nni!l;snncc > : voir
13il1l( el,, .li111s:1le111rn. Jl. 1211. ,,. Jl.
( 11) ls,lt, XX, 1-4 ; voir l~z<l1icl, XV, 7-8.

71 ~1<>11.-\ ~I ~11~1> l~N 1-1 .. l~IN El,,\NOU JSSE~ll~NT
Ai11si Y11l1,,,~ ,.(,11s ex1,usc les co111111n11clc111c11ls. Ynl1,v s,1it

l Ot I l C l 11 l' S l S OgC.
5R. C).11n11(l l<1~ c11fn11ls 1>111,,ir1111<'11t n l11

t>t1l,t rl, c1t1'ils clc111t1n-
1
(le11l 1>r1111issicl11 (tl'(~11l1c1) l'l)lt1111c le (lc111n11(le11l ce11x qui

S(>ttl l('t11s :1i11t'S ! Ai11si Yt1l1,, snit ll>ttl el Il est snge (12).
(12) Sot1r. XXI\'. fl7-flR.

JI. (>(l(>'l'<lf.()LI~ f>()UI\ l\lC)IIAI\Il\11~1), l)l~\'ENU UN GRANI)
(~111~1 ...
I .. :1 111:,lil <l'o1>f)l1c et <le g~11rnl e11 cl1cf, conf1e po1 le 1"11l,-

l>i11 n l\l(,l1:,1,1111c(I, i111posnil ,i(le1n111ent ttn ce1lni11 J)tolocole et ttn
11c,11vr:111 to1111)01te111c11t. ()11 11e t1nite Jllt1s l\'fol1n1111necl co111111e
11'i11111c,1lc r111cl copni11 > J (t:J) Jt1sq11'ici, cc11x qtti vottlRient te
1, n 1 1e1 I' i , , 1(111 c 11 n ic 11 l (1e l 'e x l 1 i c , , 1, e n f n is n n t sn r1 s dot I l e 1111 1) o 1l e-
,,., i x l11 <:1c11x cle lc111s 111oi11s. (:ctlc l10IJilt1cle lro11 fo111ilirc <lc1il
111:1i11l<11;111t Cl'S~c1. I~llcnc co11,ie11t Jlltts ln llig11il p1se11le :
-1. l .. 1, 1ltr1,:11t (1c <~c,1x <111i l'inlcrpclle11l, (le l'exl1ict11 le lc's

1,1,11:11lc111c11ts, 11c s<>11I l>lts 1t1iso1111nl>lcs.
!'i. S'ils 1>nlic11l11ic11l jtts111'it cc CJtte ltt s<>tlcs ve,s cttx, clt,
,,;,11(f1:1il 111t't1x t>c)tlr cttx. Yt1l1,,, csl 1,l.>solt1lct11 cl n1is1i-
c<11tlic11x (11).
\'t111s (,l(s 111ni11l(\11:111I <l:111s 1111c clc111c111c 1cs11cclnlllc, cl,ez le

Jl1<,1>l1iI('. \'1t1s nvcz (lc1111111,l ln 11e1111issio11 ,l'e11t1e1, vo11s nvez
,lit g,11li111<'11I : l>o11jot11, l\I(,11sic111 (15) ; c,esl le 111omcnt c1e C"lirc
1c)t11 <111<'1 111,,lif vo11s t~lcs ''C'lltts. l\l11is ne criez tlns b lt1e-ltc c,1
1111 fl(1I Il' 1,,11,>lcs i11lc1111i11;1l)lc, c,>111111c votas le fnilcR s111 lit 1>l11C('
1,11f>li,111t'. 'l'c111tcs ers t'1i:1ill<'1ics sonl 1111 sigtll! cle 111n11voisc <l11-
:1lif111 ..lr ,,.,,,s ni l,~j:'1 fnil lit 1n111c recc1111111n11<l11lio11 1>ot11 ln
111ii1,, ; 111:111,I \'(ltls 1,:11IC'z i, ,,,,1,,,,r., lll(l(ll~l.<'7. V<llll' 1011 (lf>); il clflI
( 11 ,\11t cil~
1
1a,,,,,,e
l,l1s<111c \'(ttts <,,11vc1srz lt'S 1111s nvcc les n11l1cs :
2. () \'(tl(S <111i l'l'()~'('Z, 11'lC\'('7. )lits ln \'OX 1111-(lC'SS\IS (le ln voix

1
cl,, l 1,)1>l1<'le I Ne ltri n,1,rsscz 11oint ln llntole (l't111e ,oix
11:1111<', lclllllllC' \'ClllS )(' rr,ll'S Clllte VOIIR 1 (\'(>tlS rS(I\ICl'ez)
tfllC' ,,1,i11C'!-l clc,,ic1111t'11l ,,,,s (l,c,1111<s) nctic,11~, sn11s qtte ,1t1s
(1l') ll l' l ~SC 11 ( C Z.
1
:l. (:r11x 111i, 11,,:1111 l'A11,lt< ,1< Y:1l1,,~. l)nissc11l 111 \'<)x, cc11x-li,
1 1
S()11I ('('IIX ,1,,,,1 '\'ttll\\'('! ,, :0,(llllllis les C(Clll'S, ll()llt' C(tl'ils S<>ic11l
( 1:t) (:'t"I ;, ,l,s~<~i11 c111c' 11c,11s c1111,ltl}'(>t1s <'Ile cx1,1cs:i;ion C:1111ili1c qt1i
111cs11r,11,I i, l'<~:,rl<: ~ilt1nlio1l.
( l 1) S,,,, ,. . X1,1X, '1 -fi.
(lf>l Scl111. :XXIV, fit.
(l(i) S. ~Vil, llfl; ,ol1 Il. Z,1l<n1ios, OJl. cil., t. li, fl. 201-202.

~l<JIIAJ\ll\ll~IJ l::N f>l,EIN EPANOUISSE~IEN"f
t>ic11x. A r11x 11n1,lc,11 t'I 1l~l1il1t1Illll i111111c11se (cln11s la Vic

1>c111i i,r) ( 1).
1~11 c,l,sr1,1111l Il'~ 1iglrs ,,,,c .ir ,i~11s rie volts <'Xl>flse1, !iCl(,11 110s
f.i,1t's S11i11I~, ,r111s t>(ttt,'C7. ,,,l1s t'('ll<l1c visite t1ttttt1ellc111E't1l, cl
111(;11,e 11tlr1,ll'I' tlt! 111n11gc1 cla(~Z ,,os Jln1e11ls:
(1(). 11 11'cst :1 ,,,,,,s i1 cc (111c ,~,,,,s 1111111gicz 1~ci1l1,1(1t1e-

1111I {.!l'C'f
0
111('lll ,l1111~, ,,,s cl,,111e111t"s c,11 (11,11s les ,lc111C't11rs c1e v,,~ 1>re~,
c,,, cl1111~ lc's clr111c111(s clc \t,s 111i'1cs, <>li cln11s les cle111e111es de
\'(lS r1(\rC'~, Clll cl:tllS l<'S clelllt'lll'('S (e ''()S SCClll'S (lll cf OllS Jes
,lr111r111f's le ,(1s (>11tlcs 111;1lc111cls, (ltt ,l:111s les ,le111r11rcs ,le
,rls l:111lrs Jltll(111c llrs, <'li <1:,11s IC's <lc'111c111rs le ''<>s t>11cles
1
111nlc111<,fs, l>tl c11111~; lrs c1C1111c111C'~ ,le \'<lS l:111IC's 1r1nl(111<'lles,

()11 (cl:111s Ir 1l'11) cl,111 \'()Ils l>CJSS(~(,C7, l!S ('lrrs, Oll (cl1111~ ln
<l(111r111 1 ) cl'1111 ,,111i. Nl1I g1if i, V<>11S clc 111n11ge1 e11st111l,I<!
>11 ~t1,:111'1 111C't1I (IX).
()11 IIC' \ttI )lil'~ )lr1t11rr1111 If'~ lllllSIJl111:111s( 'R SC' :~fllll 1t111l11s 1~1-
ft'IIIC'III 1icli111J,,s r11 el<;r,:11111:1111 rs s11grs 111<'Sf~1i1,1i,,11s ,1,, 1:1l,l1i11.
ll,~111,,11sC'111<'ttl. cl1:1c111r 1(,,,,l11tic,11 t'lt 1>:l)'S nrnl,c' C'11l~,,< c111rl,r11es
1) ,il) r s (1(' (. (' s ~; () 11 ('s l ,. :1(Ji li f l l l s : i1 (' Xis IC 1(l l 11 (1(' 11 l f' 111 C f 1'1 r 1(111 (' s
11111s11l111n11s. C't1,,11r lair11 1111,,s. il csl ,,,ni. c111i i11,ilc t1l r', 1('111' ln1>1e
1
,les S(t't11:-. <!I clfs l:1111,,s ,.,, ,,,.~sr11<c <Ir lc111 1,rc11,1r fn1,1ille !
l\(r1l1n111111r,I. ,Ir,.,,,,,,
<l1C'f <lt'S 11111"11l111n11isc.''s. 1>n1 ln v,1lr,11l <lt1
111l,l,i11, rt J,,,sc,i11 cl<' ,,,i1 srs s,1l>t>l"<l(nns, tc,111111c <'<'tlx-ci 1>11(
ltl'SClll clc ''('llI' 11' t'1lllStllll'I'. (:cJ,t ,,,, 11~ Stl. \lni~ lt' 1nl>llll ('111011{)
sclt1111rll1c ,,s 1('ll('c,11l1l's it ,les r<'t?l('s (ltr1111i11es (t' l>ir11s,tn11cc.
().1,n11cl il s'ngil cl'1111,, ,isil<' Jll"\'( 't', ln 1rglc #-!l'llt~1nlc rsl ,,t1lnl>Je :
1
1~ ,isilf'111 ,1,,il ,1,,,1,n11cltt' l:1 tlr1111i~isic,11 l'('lll1r,, 11i1,~,i fJlte 111

l>C'l"lllS~ii(lll '(' Sf' 1rli1,,,. ~ll('(ll'C 1111 l)C'II, , ... 1i1ltl,i11 C':<i~r,nil Jn
11t!o;<'tl<'<' ,11111 l111i~si,1, n,c'<' 1111c' jcllic <l111i11C' r111lcl111 ,111 <(1t1 ~ Ne
~cltll'1r)1lCi Jllls. N,ltls st'11\111s, r11 t'lrl, l<ltll l'rlT<ltt (111 1i111>i11 ll(>t11
1
IIIC'll1r. 1111 JlC'll ,( (ll'tf1r cl clr )>Clllll(' ~flttc:t(c>ll cfnllS (r(lr. ro11lr
g1otrillt111I(~ ~, 111i111rsnt1lir11 11:1s St'tll(' lllClll ,,,irll('Stllt1ir,c, 11,nis
1
;
l'lt~f('. JI ~ Il, ll:11111 lrs 11ll1Stl1111n11~t'S, <lf' C('S llClIS 111nlins (flT, n
i1 1,11,11rl le , . ,, 11,")ll'f', ~(' r,,,,ril('III f111t1,l11 l e11~C'lllf'lll ;, ('()I(~ clC's llf)J)('-
f,\~ ri. 1111c r,,is ,,,,11(~s, ils <>l1ligr11I l\l,,l1n111111t'I t'('C>t1lr1 lt111s ,,eli-
1('S 11 St ( l tt' S :
( ' ; ) s(,,, . . ~ ' ., :'\ . ~ ~.

(IR) St>tlr. XXI\'. r,o.
LA VIE A MDlNB 1 I
62. Les C:1o)n11ts s011t set1lc111ent cet1x c111i c1(1ient e11 Ynl1w et
<'n so11 Aplte el q11i, se l1ot1vant avec ccl1Ji-ci dons ttnc
r1fTni1e q11i (les) 11111il, 11c se reli1cnl tloir1t snns lt1i e11 nvoit
,le111n11(l la J>e1111issic>tt f (l\1ol111111meer111ission ((l'e11l1rr otr tle se retirer), CC'llx-ln s01,t
ce11x Jtti (vrni111e11I) c1oie11l en Ynl1w el en son A1>lre.
S'ils le tle111on<lenl ln pe11nission (<l'ent1e1) pc,111 1111c ce1-
lni11e nffnire les visR11l, tJc1111els c1t1i <l'entre e11x ltJ vott-
,1,n~, cl i1111>lo1e fl(Jttr c11x le 1>01(1011 (de Ynl,,v). Yal1,,, est
r1l>s<llt1let11 et 111is1icor<liet1x.
(;:i. Ne f:1ilc!I 11,>i11l (le l'o1,1el (le J'Ap>lre (ln11c) 1>a1111i vo11s,
<~t,111111c (vo11s fl1ilcs) tic V<>lt'(' n1>1lel rccipr<>rrt1e I Yel1w 11e11l
,~1,11111,il,e ce11x ,te votts <111i se rnt1filc11t st1l,1c1>tice111<'11I. (}.ttc
<~c11x r111i s'o1>()t>se11l i, S<.>11 c,11J1e 1>1c1111c11t gnt'<lc <Ille ne les
111 ltig11(~ tlne lc11l11li(>II ()li (Ille IIC les Rllcig11c 1111 l<llll'IIIClll
(~l'llCI ( 1U).
<:',,si le111jfJt11s n,, 11c,111 (le Ynl,,v~ c111e t~es 1glcs sc,11t (lo1111es,
11v<~,: l:1 sr111,ti,,n fi11r1le 1'1 1'111,Jltti. Il fnllnil .1,,1,c ces grnve~ 111c11n-
t<~s 1>1,111 ,,1,lig('I" l,s A11\l)('S jt1clns~ n ()l)!i('l'VC't' ln J><>lilc!iSC i,
l'<~~:11,t tl<' l\I c,l1i,111111('(I. (:C'lt1i-,i 1c1111>liss,1il nt1ssi le 1c")lc (le j11gc ,I('
,,nix. (:c 11'csl 1,11s 1111 <lc'sl1,,1111et11, cc1tes ; il y c11 n <ln11s l1>t1lc
t,
s, >t i ,~ 1t; c,,. g: 11, is c. t' 1 i I l' 11 f 11 11 I. Mn is ~ 1o11n111111 c<1 11 't'!il 1, n s s c 1'-
111 e11 I 1111 j11g~ 011 1111 C<l11~cille1 j111i,li,1,1e, il esl n11ssi 11n 1>1c crt1i
ni111c :1 1c<(~v(,i1 ses e11fnnls il ln lnl,lc fn111ilinle. )ln,,~ ce cns, 111t1s11l-
1111111is,~s 1 '')'CZ (le l>cll<'s 111nni1cs. N'c11l1ez t>BR nt1 (lc111ie1 1110111c11l
el 11e scl~'l'Z 11ns fn111ilie1s, si11011 v<>t1s fe1iez l1011le n11 l'1011l1lc, qt1i
1c111git ,Ir V()tls e11 fni1e ln 1c111111c111e (20). Mnis '\'0l1,v, L11i, 11e sott-
1i1il 11v<,i1 lt<>r1le <le vot1s ,li1c ln v1it 1
.J11gc <1 Jlnix, p1c <le fn111ill<', Mol1arn1nel1le,
(>1<,11l1ilc clt1 1nl,l)i11 q11i l'n si l>i('n i11str11it <le la rcli~i<>n j11ive. (~'rsl
c11 1clt1cticl11 tic ce lil1c q11c 10111 s'orgn11isc <Inn~ lo sclci~l 1n,li11c>isc
cl('s 11111s11l111n11iss. 1~11 <111nlil" <le Jl101>l1le el (le cl1<'f <l'l~glisr.
~1<>11n111111t~ t1111io11s 1eligie11se~, c'est vidc111-
11tt'11t lt1i <ftli 111si<fr; il 1rtl< IC )es 1rcits qt1e 1~ 1nl>bi11 lt1i n ll)>J>tis
1
st11 l'A. 1'., ri il co1111111111i(flle 1111x 111t1st1l1nn11iss le~ co11scil~ qtt'il n

l11i-111t11,1<' t'l'II~. At1j,1111<l'l111i, il l'<'lc,111111nn<l1! ln ci1cc>ns1>ectio11 :
( 1!J) Sr 111 r. X X l V, fi 2-0:1.

(2ft) Sr,111. XXXIII. r,:1. - r.,c;l i,illrrn1nc11t !'lltr or,lrc cl11 rnltli11 ,,11r
~lf,11:,11,111,,I r:,il ln 1cr11111,111"" lv(11l11,llc111r11t ; 111:11~ r'<'~t IC' 1nltl,i11 q,1i, ri,,(.
lc,t1(11I. 1c,t11~il cl'r1,oi1 i, J;a r.,i,e 1,1l!~(r1tr111r11l ,111x Arnl>cs.
8
~1()11,\i\l"IJ:I> l~N l 1 1.l~IN 1~1,ANOUISSl~t\fl~NT
111cs tl1c1~, 11t1t's, (t1,11s les (:1r,~n11ls s<111I clrs f11cs) (21), 1,e 111-
1,1. 1111s l'(11cill(' i, lc,11l('S lc's l1isl1ti1t'~ c1t1'c,11 vic11l vc>tls 111c~(>11lc1 st11
les 1111t1cs 1 1.. i, 1,l111>:111 st,11t f1111sses el 1,li111t11le11t lrs 111tlis1,11ces
(' l It s Cl11t >1111 l iCS.
(i. () \'l>llS lfll <1(l~'('7. 1 si llll J>Cl.\'Cl"S \ 'Clll f1 Vf>tlS llVl'C llllC ll(l\l-
\'(llc, vc,,r1. l>i<11 c~l:1i1, (le c1ni11lc ll'nllci11cl1c, i, ,,011c i11st1,
llcs 1,111is c.I c1,1,<>i1 it ,.,,,1s 1c11c11li1 clc t:c <ftle ,,c,11s nt11cz
rni l '
. S11<-l1cz 1,\11c'>l1r ,111i csl 11n1111i ,,o,1s ,,>tls c,l,is~nil,
<(tl<' si
l1n11s 111:1i11IC' ltfl11i1c. \'()llS Cil S<llllf1i1l'Z <l(llllltlngc I l\fnis
,,,11,, \'(IIIS 1, 1:1il nirll('t Ill r,1i cl JI l'tl 1>n1c Cll V()S ('(Ctl1s,
11\llclis lltl'II \'C)l1S :l r:1il c(lc'S(l'l' l'ittfi<flil(!, lit (lCl.V('l'S({~ Cl Ill
clt~S(>l>iss1111cc (~2>.
''c,ili, 1111 1.,,11 ,,,,til sc1111,l11. l\l:1is jl! r1,1is 1,ic,,, it li1c ,~es tlct1x
,<'tscls, flllr l\l(al1i11111111'cl 11'11 11:,s ct1 ,le 111:11 i, le ('f11111,,1sr1. Il 11,11nil
l,ittt cliclc~ 1>:11 I(' 1:,1.1,i,,. l . f' ,.,,,s(I 7 11'n Sll"('l)l('Jtl 1,:1~ rl ()l'(lll()llC
11:11 l\l,>l1:1111111tl : ~ S:1tl1c1. (Ille si l'A1>f>l 1c lJtti <:sl 11:11111i v,,11s v,111s
0
c,l>t !ss11il ...

1\1:,is <llf' rc,i"', ,,,ici cfrs cc,11s<'ls c111r l\lc,l11111111,r,I cl,1111t! 111i-
111i"111c i, srs c:,-,,~:111ls. l~x,tlle11ls c,,11s<ils, co111111<! <,11 ,11 le \'<>i1.
l\l11is lo11j~,,11s ,li,lcs ftltl' ,.~ 1;1l,l,i1,:
:lt). l>rs (c'<'~I le 1:,ll1i11 fJll s 1l(l1,ssc i, l\t,>11:111111,c,I, l,c111cI

1
l1:l11s-
0
111tlf111 IIIIX IIIIISttllllllllS( 'S) :ttl:< (:111yn11(s <(tl'I!; l>:tSSC'II( lctll'S

1rg111fl" rl s<>ie11l <l111slrs. (:c sc~1t1 tll11s <lc,11t 1><>111 e11~.
'. l 111 \ \' (' ~ S ( 1 C l I 11 r(l 1. 111 l~ Cf C C C <1l l , 15 f C>1l l (2!1) .
l.,:t llllJclC'sl f' ~I l:1 1>111'Cll~ li<' SC>lll J)IIS tl<' S ,c1ltlS SJ>cinflllf\lllClll
;,,i,,~. l~llc's li<1111t11l l1c\s (t<!tl <le 11l:,cc cl1111s lc111s l .. iv1es S:1i11ts.
11 1,1,1lit11lie1 cl:111~ l:1 S:1M<'ssc, lc's (lsntt111cs, 1cs ll1c1vc11,c-s. <>li )'011
s":1llt 11clr:1it i, l'II l1,,11,c1 111c11lic,11. f>:11 tc111(1e, le .it1cl11s111c 11c,sl-
1
1il'tt1 :l 1>(11l sclll r1llr11ticlll s111 ,, s ,t1lt1s n11xc111r.llc s le 'l':\l11111<1

1 1
1
cc111s111< (lt' 1111111l>1c11sr,s t>ngc's. li est cl c,11c 11<>111111I <Jtl ilc,, cl1111s
,,Ill' :,t111c,s1l1<,(. Ir 1-a,l,l,i11 11il css1,) cl'n111~li<>1c1 les 111c1~111s clcs
1\1111,,s c'1 .,.,,111ls I ... 111'111<' clc~ c1,)~:111trs. c::11 lrs ~tlllSlils <1t1'il
lc11111c ntlX l1c,1111,1('S, IC' 111l,l,i11 le111:lll(IC n l\lc>l1n1,1111C'tl (1c les (1(ll1-
11c1 11t1ssi n,,x re111111rs ; cl n,rl tl11s tl'i11sisln11c.c C't1ccl1e 1
(21) Sn,11. XI.IX . Ill.

(:!2) ll>i,I. 6 -7.
(:.?:l) S,11a1. X~I\', :ttl.

LA VIE A MEDINE 79
31. ll1s nt1x C1oyn11les (1c l>11issr1 let11s 1ega1<ls,

(l'l1(~ cl1nsles,
,1,, 11c 111,,11l1e1 <le Je111 1,t<1t11~ r1t1e ce q11i e11 J>ornit.
().11'(,llc~ 1nl>nlfc11l le111s voiles st1r le111s go1ges 1
(J11'ellcs 111onlrC'nl sct1lc111e1,t lc111s nlo111s le111s JlOttx.
(>li i, 1>1es
lc111s
,>11 1tt1x 1>i'1es <le leurs t><lt1x
() 11 ,'1 ] C t 11s fi) S
(>Iln11x fils <le ]e111s 1lot1x
(ltlit ]e111s fr1es
(ltln11x fils (le lc111s fr1e~
011 1111x fils ,le le111s s111s
(>tl :', lt'111s fe111111es
(111 f', lc~t11s esclaves
(ltl i1 l111s se1vile111s 111ftles c111c n'l1nl>ile pns cle clsir,
(>tl 1111x gn1,1ns (ftli 11c s<>lll 1,as c11co1e ntt fait <te la co11for-
11111li,,11 clcs fc1111ne~.
<J.~ l{s (:1(1yn11tcs 11c f1n1>t>P11l Jloi11t le sol <le lc11rs 1,ic<ls
1>,,111 111,,11l1e1 les nlo11rs Cftt'elles cocl1ent 1
Jl,,,,<'11<'7. i'1 Ynl,,,,, (:1o)'n11ls 1 (lc11l-t1e serez-vo11s bie11
11 C' l 11't' 11 X (2 f) .
1
(:t's r,~1t1111rs n1nl,cs lnie11l l,i<'11 nvn11r.es pottr le11r letllJlS I Elles
f1:1111>l'11I le sc1l (le le111s 1,ictls 1><1111 1el<~vc1 le11rs vlctnc-11ls el 111<ltl-
l1l'1 :,i,,si l<t11s ,,t<>t11s, lc,111 <"<,111111c ces t>nt1v1es 11elites ~ollcs c111i
(<tltll,illc,1111( 111 Sltt ()c'S t>fn11c)1('~ (1~ tf1rfif1c flfllll" t>et111cll1e OllX
1
s1,ccli1tc,,1,s cl'1111c1revclit c11 1111 tlni1 les lll )'Sl1<'R q11'clles j11~r11l
i,111i,):111ls r I J.,c 1ol,l,i11 11'csl 11ns se11lc111C't1l 1111 ricl1e con11nis-
~r111 tl<' ln llil,lt', il 11 ~11 l~gnle111r11l clc,ire les 11111r~ et les C<ltl-
l11111r's clcs 11111s11l1,1n11iss, l1<111111,cs 011 fe1111nes. Il est svre st11 le
l l1n1>it1t' IC' l11 <l1nslcl ; snt1f viclern111ent nvec Mol1n1n1ne<I. <lo11t
0
lt' l1n1~111 l1clil nt1 g1 (1c ses ,1sirs clcl1oi11s. Mais il or(lonne 011x
c:1oyn11ls (I<! 11101ic1 les clil,ntni,es vivn11I 11ar111i vo11~. ni11si Cftte
<'(11x le vc,s C'srlnves, l10111111rs c,11 re111111cs, qt1i sont prol>es 1 > (2''1)
S'ils s<111l l,rsclg11ct1x, (1t1'il~ niC'11I C<l11nn,1cc. Ynhw ne les Jnissr1n
J>11s c1:111s ln 111isi 1c. Il (\st lt11gC' ri 11 c,111nnit lo11t > (26}.
1
l)(r11 1'11111<>111 <111 g11i11 011 le lo11s nt1l1es nve11lnges, ne fo1cez

f>,,~ ,,c1s ,ls<l:1v<\s 11 ln 11c,slil11ti,,11, ~i elles ve 11Je11t gardPr ]c111 J>t1tli-
cil. (J.11ic,111c111c' Jps rc)1cc1nit sc1nil scttl co111>nhle, cor Ynl1w et1
(2-1) S,1111. XXI\', !Il.

(:!:,) S1l111. XXIV, 32.
(1(i) ll 1 i,f .. ,,,ia ln ~1,ilc <111 ''"'~ri : QtlC' rccl1crrJ1f"nl ln ronlincnre
<11:-t ,111i 11,, lt,,,,,. ,.,1
pc1i11I (,,o~~it,ilil clc) 1tan1in~c, jt1sc1l1' cc q11e Yol1,v
Ir~ rnsS(' S(' s11rfl1c, Jlnt S:, rn,et11 >.
RO ~J()IIAl\1~11:1) EN r, ... ~IN
l~l,,\NOUISS~hll~Nr
c~gn1<1 n cC' 1t1'~llr~ n111nie11t l f(,1c~<'s, 1>nr<lon11e1oit ces fe1n111cs

(l lct11 se111it 111is,~1i,,,1,lic11x > (27). ()11 11c1,>il, ,ln11s l<lttles ces
1cl~,,,11111n11<l11ti(ll1s, l'ctl'<111 <lt1 1:1l1l1i11 11ot11 1cl1011sse1 l'<lt1cnti,111
lt! ccs 11(>111111,s t'11t<l1c 1>l11s <1t1 111,,i11s 111i111ilifs, el jr.l~ ,l'e111l>le
cl,l11~ 1111c 1,,Jigi,111 tl'l11l111111es l>ir11 1>lt1s ci,,iliss <lt~J>tlis 1,,11gtc1111>s 1
11 cssnie (le les <l{~g,,1ssi1, (le lc111 n1>111c11(lre les 1111111i1t'S cc,11vc-
11ol,les-, cl'veill<t (11 r,,x le sr11s <le Jn f1ole111it e11ve1s Je11rs cor-
ligit>111111i1t'S. 1-4rs (:1,l~n11ls 111Pcli11ois cl les Mccfft1,1is 11c 1<,1111c11l 1>os
(les t1il>lts <lit1~1c11l<!s, nvcc l11lo11nges <listinclifs I I. . cs (:1oyn11ls 11e
f11111c11t <tt1'1111t r:,111illc. l . . a, (lisli11ctio111>nr lril>11s cl (Jnr cli111s tloit
fni,t' 11lnc, n l'111lill1 1cligie1rse : Ce11x (J tli S(>ttl i11stnlls ( ~i<1i11e)
et e11 ln foi, nvo11l Jn ve11t1c (<les E111igrs) oi1nr.1<111t ce11x ,111i llnl
111igr ,r1s et1x. 1,~ 11c t1lt1ve1,111I <11 le111s C(rt11s 111111<~ c11vic 1,011r
l"e (JII fl t 1<>1111(' :"1 t('~ l~111igrt~S. A Cll~-111111es, ils l<'S 1>1if r1t1011t,
111r111c si rl1<'Z C'ttx, il.). 11 1,r11111i<'. (:c11x ,111i se 111se1ve1ll ,le ln
l11(lttrie (I lc111 i1111P, let x-li1 se1,,.11l IC's llir11l1e111c11x > (28). l>nns
11n1lngc <lt1 J111li11, <'c~I ~, 1x 1;:,1,ig1s l1csog11e11x ,1t1'il rn11I <l't1l1c,1l
1>c11se1 (2!t). l .. <'s <:1c,,n11ls scl11l f11l'~ cnl1c e1,x. l~la,1,lissez (l,111c
ln r,,1,,,11,lc ,,,,11,, ,:c,s fri,cs et crnig11ez Yi1l1,v. Jc,1l-l1c \'<ltlR
'c1:1-l-il f:lil 111ist1i,,11<I<' ~ (:1()). S'ils 1evie1111e11t (Ir lc111 c11et11),
f<,111 l11 1>1i1e I tl(l1111c11t l'n11111l'111c, ils se1,1111 \'os f1i,,ps c11 1eli-
gic,11 :t (:JJ). (:'c sl l:1 ('r<l~'nllt'e r'tl 1111 ))<'ll llllCfllC Cfll r11I <1<~ \'(l\lS
1
1111c fn11,illc 1111i1111r. ,,l11s lec, (l(;s(,1111nis 1111is 1>n1 le so111111cl, vo11s
11,i <~I<'T. lrlle111r11I clivist!S 11111 111 111t1ltil 11tC' (le ,.(ls i,l,>lcs. c:1111,11,c
l1111 n,t1it s,,r, i,lcllr . <'I l'icl,11(' 1,ssc11r1il 11111il flt1 rln11. A11j11111-
1l'l111i. ,,111s 1:11li1i1,t'7. i, l'( l11i,iti~ <1i,,i11c, t'l1111l ,,,,11s-111li111<'!i t111is
1,:11 1., tr,,~1111<<~ :111 1)ic11 lJ11i,111c, 'J',>t1t- l>t1issn1,l, t:1i1lr111 clt1 ci<'l
<'l cl(' 111 lr11(~ lt 1)('II 4f'ls1:1i51 1
Si ,,>tls lt,r'z ;1gi1 c11 frf,cs lt's 1111s n l'{,gn1cl (I'~ n11l1<'s, ('Xr.1-
,~1 1,, l,i,11[:li"':1111,, ,i~-i,-,is (le ,,J~ f1r1rs l<'s ,,t,,s
l,esc,g11e11x ,~1 l~!il
lllllS f'J)l'()ll\'(s,il ~I r,icl('III l\l,,l1:,1,1111r(I, IIJ(lll (ils J\l,,11:1111111,,<I, clit
lt 111l,t,i11. fll<' 111 clclis c)l\Jlll<'J' l'rxt'l11J>lt! : J.,,, ll1.(lJll1i~I<' -- <.'C
SC>l1( l<'S fJ:11c,)( S l1tf rllt'S titi 1:1J,J,i11 {'S( J>ftlS lif\ ntlX (:l'(l_\.2\ll(S
1 1
111'ils Il(' le SC)l11, :', ('IIX-111(\lll('S . Sc's 1c111111es Stlll( IC'lll'S 111r1( S (l't il
1
('SI 1111 1,i1r. 1>1t11 f'IIX) :, (:J2).
(2i) ll1i,/. :i:\.

( 2R) Sc 111. 1.1X !
( 20) S11111. 1.1 X. H.
( :J f)) S, 111 r. X 1.1 ~ , 111.
(:1 1) S,1111. l X. 1 1.
t:12) S,.111. XXXIII,(, ; ,,tit ilicl . f;.
III. -
Si, i11t1i<'t11e111enl, les 111t1s11lmaniss acquirent 11n embryon
(le tivilisulic111, t1n ve1nis Jllt1l<">t q11'11nc lot1cl1e en p1of(>ntle11r, l'as-
1,ecl ()c r.1(li11e et lie I~n Mec<[tle n bien cl1ang, lt1i n11ssi, <lept1is
,1t1'il y n n lies n111s11l1nnniss. Qt1e sont donc to11tcs ces mon1ies
,,111l>t1lnnles, ces sill1011elles 111connaissebles, ces tres l1t11nains
snns lle, (Jtti 111n1cl1ent cl <lo11l 011 11e voit 1>ns les yet1x ? Ce sont
<les fe111111es, les croyontes, les 1n11st1lrnanises, fJtli cncl1ent 11r-
se11l lt't11s ,,isnges s011s _ttn voile. Les l101111ncs nveient sans <lo11tc
1'11,,l,iltt(lc <l'ng11icl1cr les fc1111nes el, sn1,s n11ct111 do11le n11ssi, les
fl'n1111cs 11>011<lnienl avec 11lnisi1 le111s i11vitations (33>. Il fnllnit
l1011vc1 1111 1t't11(le n ces tcnlnlio11s jot1rnoli1es pt1t11 les 1nt1s11l-
111n11ists, el i11,liq11e1 nttx Arnl)es co11vertis com111enl ils po11vai<'11t
lisli11g11c1 les si1111,lcs f cm111es r111'ils 11011vnicnt 0111>rocl1er, <les
(:1c,yn11lcs c1t1'ils clevnient rcs1>ccl<'t. l.,'nsl11cieux 10Ll>i11 lrot1vn l11i-
111~111c <'<' 111<>)'e11 : fni1e vc,ile1 les C1c1ynntcs ; co111me nt1cu11e at1l1c
rc111111c 11 '' 1:1 i t voi Ie, ce sern i t 1111 signe cle recon n nisso nec 1 1'tltt-
l t>s lC's rc111111<'S (Jtti se p10111c11nic11I, ln flg111e cncl1e s011s 11n voile,
t'tnic11I (l<,11c <les n111s11l111n11ist~cs :
:, !). ( ) f l 1, f l ) l l1 1(', (1i!i il ICS r (>0 11 SC S, n l CS fi I)CS, n l 1X f C 111111 eS l) es

(:1,1~r1111ts, cle sc11er sttt ellPs IC'111s voiles 1 (:C'ln setn le pltlR
sir,11,le 1110J e11 (ftt'cllcs sc,ic11t 1ccon11t1es el qt1'ellcs 11e sc,icnl
1
(>(>i11 I ,,11e11scs (3.-t).
Si ll<'s .1,,ivc11l Jlc>1lp1 1111 vcJile, ce 11'csl (Jc,11r t>n!i ,,,>11r 11c lln~
~lt'(' t'<'t~<,111111rs, 111nis n11 co11(1nire 1>0111 l,e cli,i1c111e11l iclc11lifiee~
c,,111111<' (~1<)~'n11l<'s el sc-c111s f1es C.rO)'nnls. J... es Arn1,es <1'n11jo11r-
ll1t1i .,111 1,,tnle111enl pc1,lt1 le ~<'Ils tle cel le 1eco111111onclnlio11 tl11
111l,l,i11, t'I rxigC'11I cle lc111s fc111111rs le 1>orl t i ti voile 110111 le~ e11111-
clt('1 ,t'l1r 1c<~on1111es I IIR 1,1rr1r11t q11e lcl1rs fe1n1nes cncl1e11t
lc111 ,,isngC', n11 1isq11c, en ce1tninP.s circt,11slences, tic c <lcot1v1i1 ce
111i lc,il l1c sec1el :t c11 t1lilisn11t let11s vlements pot11 co11vri1
1('111 fig111t. 'f"o11t le 111011lc 11'n 11ns ln 1111r1e figure, clise11t-ils, tn11clis
(Jill' le 1t slc > est Jln1eil J)Ot11 lot1les 1
1
<:<'fll'l1<l11nt n11rs ln 1111101>nt1~c, les femn1es sont j11ges inof-

fc11siv<'s; 1<~ 111l,l.>i11 les (lis1>c11sc <l11 voile. Pett i111po1le q11'011 le!i
(3:l) \ 7oi1 sc111r. XXIV, St.

(:1-1) Sl111. XXXIII, 59.
6

Al<)IIAl\l~IF.ll EN l,l1EIN ErANOUISSE1'1ENT
.~01,r()lltlc 11\'('t lt'S ,,.,1,-C:1c,)'1\1l1S. Celle 1Ocxtlll jelle q11elq\l~ SllS-

1>ti,,,, s,11 l'iig,, 1,,1llll"t\ lt! l\l;1ln111c l{l111litljt1 it l't>t>CJtte ,le son

tl1t,11ngt'.
r,~,. N,11 g,it,f 1111x fc111111('s nllri11lcs tln1 Jn 11111otln11sc cl 11'esp-

11111l 11lt1s le 111111ingc, si ellrs 1l<'t><>sc11t le111R vc>iles, (sa11f n)
se 111c11111c,, s1111s 11lf>t11s. S'n1,sle11i1 esl 10111cr,,is t111 l,ie11 11ot1r
tll<'s. \'a,l,,, t'11lc11cl l<ttl cl cu1111r1it l<ttl (3:>).

J\T. - JlJ\ ll(>()R1"S ENrJ"flf~ .J{JfJt'S, CJJRErl"JENS, ID()J_,At"RES, )~1"
l\llJSlJLl\IANISES. C.<)l\ll>J.,()1"S, 'J'IlAIIISONS, FOUillll~--
1\ll~S l~rl, (>JE(iES IJI~ MEl)INE.
Jlt,1s<,1111e, l\f <1ine pns 1>111s c111'0 I-'n l\-lecqt1e, n'ignorait q11'e11
nl,1111,l(>l1r1n11l les i<l<llcs nr1ccsl1nles, l\fol1n1n1nec.l et ses isci1>li1>lcs
se r.,,11, c1lissnie11l ntt J)ie11 (l'ls1i,l, ntt J)iett ,tes J11ifs I Oi1 vo11-
1
1~1ic11t-ils l<>11c C'tl venir ? J.,es J>i1e11s 11e le voynic11l 110s clni1e111e11l.
(:f'S i11se11ss 11'nllaicnt-ils J>ns to11l si1111>le111c11t n<lople1 ln J>oliti<ftl<'
j11i,r, cri se 1nllin11t <l'Al>o1(I n ln religio11 (le l\1osc, 1>011r se 1>ln<'<'r
c11 ,lt',fl11ilive s011s so J"'oi ? f~A,nl>ie, nvec ces cxnlts, ne 1isqt1nit-
('llc 1,:1s l'<\l1c co1111Jlle111e11t j11lnse ? L~s l\1ecc111ois qt1i 11e
s'l;l11ic11l J>tls C(lt1ve1lis et <1t1i cc,11ti1111nienl, co1111ne lct11s n11ct1es,
i1 f:1i1C' ltt11~ <lvolio11s <levn11l les icll>les <le ln J{n'l>n, veillnic'tll n
li111l('I" l'i11llt1c11ce (les .Jt1ifs, <lcot11ngr1.. le zle (les n11tsl1l111011istt~,
cr, lr111 fnisn11t Jo pelite gt1e11e t1sa11le el lnssnnlc, ln g11crre <l'<11,i-
11i>11. 1~11 ces le111Jl~ <le l'IsJn,11 ntRl>c, il s11(flsnit <le <lcln1e1 c111c
l'(,rl <1,l~'1lil it Yol1,v, Die11 (l'Al>tnl1n111 et ,Je l\fc>sc, 1>0111" fl,e
C'x,,1,lsc; le riiez sc>i 1>nr les i<l<1lfil1es fJtti cl1e1cl1nie11l rgnle1nc11t
t (lt'111c,li1 les sn11cl11ni1cs <l:111s les<Jttcls loil invoq11 le 110111 (le
,, tl 11 , , (~.
:J!). '';111,, (lf<'t1cl1n crt1x f(tti ntt1<>11t c1t1. Ynl,,v 11'ni111e J>tls le
l1nil1c 1>lei11 cl'i11fi(lt~lit.
If). lle1r11issi,ltl est ,Jc11111<~c (clc cor11l>nlt1e) h ce,1x qt1i con1l>nl-

l<'lt( 1l111ce (111'ils 0111 c''lt\ lc''s<~s - e11 ,,1'il Yal1,v a }ll<'i,,c
1,11iss1111cc ll(lt11 IC's ~CC<>t11i1.
,If. A c,,11x ((tli, ~,111s cl1(,il, (litt l cx1J11Jss clc le111s l1al>il11t~
s~11lc111<'1~l 1>ntre c111i1s clise11t : c Nol1e Seig11et1r est Yol1,v .
Si Yrll,,,,<~ 11'nvnil tlns 1r11111ss cc1lni11s l101111ncs 1>01 <l'n11lrcs,
(lt's t'1111ilng<>s n111ni(11I l cl<~111olis ni11si tJtle clc~ ~)'11ng,,-
g11c's, (IC'~ c,1nlt,i1rs ri les 111clSCJttcs t>i1 le 110111 ,le Yal,,,, est
IIV()()ll be(tllCOllJ) (:,J(;).
(:lfi) S,,,1,. :l!l-41 ; ,oir 11, 11,R : c Qt1i (lonc lnil plt1s lnj11slc c111c r<.'11x
Cftli c1r11 ,11111(cl1 qttc lnns lrs 111osq,1irs clc Ynil1,,i?, Son Norn soit inv0<111,
<'l <11i sr !\c11t ,,c1t11s (llrt1l1c (es 1nosql1cs..
P.1()11,\ ~f ~I El> EN l 11.. EIN PANOUISSEP.f ENr
1. ,, l>11l clrs ifl<>li\l1rs csl ,le fni1e 0J,j11rer ce11x c111i <>111 tljn
1cl(t1111t1 le l)('II ,les ,Jl1irs : c [ .. e~ itlc1ll1es 11e cesse1011t cle vot1s
,,,111l>11ll1c' <111c 111;111cl ils v,,11s n111011l fnit al>j11rc1 vc1l1e 1eligio11, s'ils
le l>C't,,c11l. <:,11x 1111i, J>n1111i ,>lis, 11j111c1011t le111 1rligit>11 (11ot1-
,rlle) el 111<ltt11,11t i11fi<llcs, ,ni11cs se1ont flo111 ct1x lc~111s nclio11s
,1:11,s ln ,,ie l111111t" 1li11lt' cl J)e111(!l
1
Ce11x-Jn ~('J'Olll lt'S l1c">tes rltt
0
(~.
l.. ~11 Clll ils s,,,,111 i111111<11lcls > (:J7). - c Seig11c111, 11c 11011s 111efs 1>11s
('Il lc11l11lllll ((le l'()IICI" .11,>f1c r,1i) ,lcv1111I t~CllX <Jll s0111 i11fl<l-
)(5 > (:lR). - - Ils ;1,1,ir11t 111<',lil tl~ le fni1e Jl<'l'(l1c ln lle, 1\l,>11n111-
111,cl, tic t'~g111C'1, tic I<~ rni1c 1t,,~11ir n11 <'tille (les (l,,lcs; el il est
1>r,1l>11l,lc fllll' t11 ,1111:,is s11cl"Cl111l,, si ln g1ce tll' lliet1 11c l'nvoif
~,1111(1111 (il~)). lln11s CC'llr lttltc ,11i11il1c, les i,l,>llrcs ol>lien11e11t
C'('tt1,i11s sttCl'is : ,l'11J><1ttl, ils <'l111><:l1t~11 l Lcn11c~clt11> ,le gc1\s (Ir. se
((111,,c1li1 ,,11 ,1:,i llit11. f .,n 111111,1,11 (les l\lccfJtlt>is 11e c1c1ie11t Jlns (,t(l)
t'l 1'1111 ,,1il, C'lt~,11il<', clcs 11111s11l1111111iss 1evc'11i1 ntrx flicl1es ,lt' ltt
l(:1'llit: ~ (:r11x ,111i 1111,c,111 c.111 .. 1111is ,,111<>t1l t i11fi,llc's, 1,11is 11111t111t
t'll, l>llS 21,11,,111 t~lr i11liff'fl'S cl rl<ltll l'i11n<llil<~ 11'n111n f11( (f11C
<1,,it1r, \':11,,,c~ Ill' sr l11111,c111 JJfl11l 1et11 1>n1,101111c1 11i les cli1ige1
cl;111s 1111 ,l1c,il cl,C'111i11 (11). (:(,1111,1c11l Ynl1,v 1><ltl1"1nit-Il cli1ig<'t"
,J,,s gc11s lftti sc,111 (1'f'fl< \c1111sl i11ficllc's n1>1~ (nvcli1 1ec;11) ln f(l,
1
(i11,1i-s) o,c,i1 t1lleslt.' cittt' l'A11>l1c est vr.1il et ((tic lrs 1>1c11,es sc111t
1
\'C'llll('S i, CIIX 'f ,:111\\'(' Il(' Sllt1111il cli1ige1 le! )lCll(>lc (les l11j11s-
ll'S > ( 12).
nr,t>l>C'lt>l1S :ttlSS cf'tlll lllC>( <(,IC, llOl"lll les c:l11r(CIIS, 011 (t'O\l\'lll
l,t'llll(.f)lll> c)'l1l;Sl:1li,,11. (:11l11llS 111fr1n<'lll les icl,>lfit1rs llllX
(:1r1_,n11ls 11111st1l111:111ist!S, 11,11111i lC's A1nl>es, s1111s <lcltlle 1101 n11ti11n-
tl1ic J>t11 lc's .Jt1ifs :
:> t. N':1s-lt1 ,,,,i11I ,.,, <'C'ttx o ft11i

t;l<~ flo1111C' 111,c 111111 <IC' l'l~c,:i-
11
l1111 ? ( t:\) Ils ,1clic11I 1111x .Jil>I ('I n11x pl'1,~l1011t et tlisC'11I fic
rc11x Cftli sf,111 i11li,lc'lrs : (:~t1x-ti :;0111 ,ln11s 1111c 111,,illt 111c 1
(li1c,ti,11 c111,, ('l'll"< c111i ~l' ,lise11I c 1oyn11ts >.
:.ri.((:<'~ ~C'll~,) sc111I tr,,x c111C' ,011,,<' n 1111tt1(1ils. ()1. ,,11i,~cl11c111e C'sl
1111111,lil J>,11 '\"111,,,.,~, 111 11(' l1,>tt\'f'11,s 11ns <l'1111xili11i1e (-11).
( :17 l S, t 11 1. 11. ~~ 1 1.
(:IR) Sr,,11. I,'(, !',.
( :1!) ) s f , ' 11.. 1\' 1 11.
1
( 111) Sc,11 ,. . ~ 111. 1.

( 11) Sot 11. 1\.. 1:11;.
( 12) S,,111. 111. :111 : ,,1i1 :,11'-"i 11,;,f, r;:1. 1()2 : IX. fl7, 7r.
( l:l) 1.t 1:1l,l,i11 ,1, ,i!t11 iri lcs rl11c'lir11". ~l:t l,-t1(, ltt11 ,1,1~:11,1, llll lli111,,11.
(t l,i,11 c111'il~ s:1, l1t1,1 111t l,1,,l:il1i1 c"I (111,rr 1li:1l><>li111t, ils r11tc,11r:,~cnl
) 1' c; i Il fi f 1r 11' ~ f) : 11l " 1(111' i 11 f141 t 1 I i
1

( 11) St,,11. 1\', f, 1 :,:,.

LA VIE A MEDINB 85
n'nl1l1<~s ntt co11l111i1c, pn1111i ]es cl11lic11s, e11co111nge11t les
11111st1l111nniss (lans let11 foi ; ce1teins 1n111e se conve1tissent 011
j11l11s111e, a,1ti1s t>nr ln vie 1cligic11sc jt1ive n1oins n11st1e cl moins
c11c<>111l,1n11le, ln11l J)tive <le snc1e111c11ls : c Ttt lro11vc10s certes
fille les ge11s les J>ltts 1,osliles n cct1x q11i c1oie11l sont les .J,1ifs et les
nss,1cinle11rs, et ltt t1011,e1os qt1e les gens IC's }lltts p1ocl1t~s cle ce11,c
111i l'1c,ie11l, 1)n1 l'o111iti, so11I ce11x Cftti <lise11t : Not1s son1mes
cl11lic11s ~. C'est q11c, 1>a1111i c:e11x-ci, se (1011vc11t (les J>rt1es el tics
111c,i11t's, <'I ffllC ces gc11s ne s'e11nenl lloi11t <l'o1g11cil ( 15). Q11annr1-
cl1<~ cles l111111es, cn11sc ,Je ce q11'ils ::invc11t (le v1il. (Ttt IC's
l'tll<lll(ls) s'c1ic1 : Seig11e111 1 11011s c1o)or1s I lnscris-11ot1~ (101,c
11vt't~ les ~l'~111(,i11s 1 > (,IG) Q11nnl n ce11x q11i se sc111l cn1ls (I.Rt-
tl'ngl11111l, S(' 1ef11so11L O l!n,1,,1e1, cl (Jll so11l 1evc1111s O 1rsi1>iscence 0
,,,,,,,,~, h e11x ln llo1111e N(1t1velle :. (117). Pot1r le 1nJ>l>in, les clttt~-
1.!11~; s'c,~1,1lt'lll ,111 D111011 lc11sc111'ils 1e11ic11l ln tlivi11it cle Jstts
,,,,111 11'11clc,1e1 <Jtte Yal1,v.
I .. 11 vit' est lelle111c11t co1111>lexe, les J>nss(lllS lclle111C'nl <lcl1ni--
11es 111e, si l'c>n voit cles cl11liens se 1a11ger to11ll ct <ll'S itl<-
li1l1t's, l:1111,>l 1>1~s cles 11111s11l1nn11isPs, il se for111c nttssi trs vile
<les gt'(ltl(>rs <le J11ifs c111i rejcllc11l cle lc11rs synngogttcs les 1nt1st1l-
111:111i~,('s 1l1,,l,rs ( IR>. llntlll< lc111s ici si111ple111enl f[t1elc1t1cs lexll's
1 1
11ot11 11c,11s rc11rse11ler c11 1,loc l'ol1nos1ll11c cle ~l<linc. A t>rio,i,

c,11 11111:1il Jltl es1,1c1 fftte les .J11irs se se1Ricnl 1.iot1is le voir lrif11,1-
1
1,l1C'1 (;1 \'t 1ilr, el Oil SC SCl'ttil nllcn<lll f\ C(~ fflt'ils RCCtlC'llc11I RVCC
,111t' 1<\,,Jle s:1lisfnclic,11 ln co11ve1sin11 <les A10l>es n11 l)ie11 ,le l\los<'.
<l, il 11'r11 f11I 11ns nir,si. [.,e 111l,bir1 s'111><'1~11I l1ienlt cle l'nni,nosil~
<IC' lt1lni11s .Jt1ifs 111cli11<>s cc,11l1c les 11111s11ln1nniss a1nl,es.
:12. () fils ,1,,~,nt~I ... Cl'(l)'C7, l ('C C(tle j'ni 1r.vl (n re

11()llVCflll P10-
l11(l)lltrlr) f)tti 11101'<(11C ln \'?1ncil <les 111essn~<'~ f)llC V(l11S
,,c~IPII~?:. NE S()YEZ PAS 161~S ,,,,,~,.IIEOS A irrn~ INC.I\()lJl6f;S A c:1~
Nf>lt\'l~,\IJ l\tl~SSAGI~ (~8).

f ''" .l11ifs 111t~(li1,,1is, <'<'~,, l'<',,iIC'll('<' 111<"111c, cl11I lc l101l1tls. ()11
1<'111 :, r:1il ('l'()I'(\, - - (lll 1l11 lllfli11s J,,~ J\111l)C'~ llltlSttl111nnisr~ Pl'(l
cl:1,11,-11( r111c l\lcllt:1111111<'(1 11v11it 1c~t1 clc 11011vcll,,~ l11111irc~ clr.
,1111,,i. l~ll('S S(lllf 11(,ll\'C'llc~ ll(tllt CCIIX (lll le~ ig1t()l nic11l, c',,~, 0
( 1:,l <:'r~:I lt tr,l,l,i11 <Jtti fl:ltlc. ()11 Il(' f>('tll clc,11c. 11n~ ,<,i1 11:in~ <"' lcxl1
11111 ,:!tttr , ,111i11i~<<'111 r ,t,,~ ,o~:,~~"~ rlr l\f,1l1:1111111rI <l <le~ ~rj,,111s 1>ir11x (I
~,,,,littl;'C 111'il :1111:1il ,,,, r:1i1r 1lnr1s ,lcs cn,,,,rnls f
( lft S,,111. \r, 85-Rr..
C17) S, 1t ,. X X X I X 19 : ,. , , i 1 :111 ~ ~ i X V1. :1 R.
( 1::t \'t,i1 11,ll1c (l1:11,ilrc ~l><'i:11 st11 les Jt1ifs <le 1'licli11c.
80
~1011,\~(AIEI> EN f>f.EIN EPANOUISSE~IENT
exttll. l\l11is 1,e11s,,1 q11c \'i,11,, n clo1111 <le 11c>ttvelles 1vlnlio11s n

1111 A1,1I)<'. t't'~l si1l11,lc111<'1tl (lt><>11illc1 1es Jt1ifs (le lotis le111s Jlrivi-
lrg,s sc11lni1rs. lie 1nl>l>i11, l11i, rtlncle11r ,1,1 r.oral, el clcs Acles
,I,~ l'l.\l0111, r,,,1.l:1tc111 ile l'lsl:1111 n1nb<', ,toit <lfC'11,l1e so11 11v1e. Il
111 ,1:,rc11cl tc111t1c l,r;1tll'ot111 cl'A,nl>es i<l<,lt,es, c(,11t1c les Cl11licns,
1
cl c,,11l1c cc1l,1i11s tic ~rs C(>1ligic11111ni1es <ttti 1cf11se11l (le cc,1111>ir.n-

cl1c. JI fct11 Il l>Cll tlif (llle CCS 1cvrlnlio11s llC S(llll f>AS lltl(te cJ1ose
<flic 111 1'<111, : lt's 1~,<'l11lic>11s n111l>cs 11c fc,111 <ft1C 111nr<1t1e1 ln '\1n-
<il ,les r11~ss:1ges ,111c V<tt1s <llc11e1. ; 111nis les .J11ifs <1e I\IPcli11c 11e
1<liL1111c11l lft1't111 rnil, (ftli lct11 tl1,lnit : les A1nl,rs llie11n<~11t
11111i11lc11nnl C'lt lct11 1,1<l(>rc ln11g11c les scctcls CJtte Yi,11,,, n,,nil co11-
fi,;~ OIi~ .Jt1ifs.
l>n11s 1c111 l1:1i11c t(,11l1c lls 111t1s11l1111111is(~s, l"~1l~1i11s .l11ifs v<,11l
j11s1111'i1 s',1lli<1 :111x i,lc1l:l1rs.
X2. <:,,11x ,1,s (ils cl'l"1:1iil ffll ,,111 {'(<~ i1111>iC's >111 t'lt\ 111:111,li(s Jl:11
ln t,,,11,l1c' ,1., ll,,,,icl I ,t,, .l,;s,,s, fils ile! l\l:11ic, c11 ,,1ix (l'11v,,i1
0
(ll\s1,llt ' ri cl':,,.,i, f'I~ l1n11g1ss<>111s.

11 s 11 (' l. (' s s :1i(' 11 I 1)() i 11 I (I' 1' (. t () 111 1)1i 1 1(' 1\ 1fi 111 :1I, 1(1 ( ~ ( l 11 l l )i CI l
c1t,1csl11l,Jc, t'l,,il <'C'1lrs l'e <111'ils rnisnic11l !
R:l. 111 \'(1is 111-:.,t,,:,,1 1 1 1,1::'\11,1~ 1-:trx 11,1:Nt>1,1~ 1<,11, A1-1:11.1,::s c:1-:1,x
,.lt 1 1 :;;11N1 1'.':1-11,i-:1.,~s. <:r ,111'il" Ot"(.'(11111llissrr1l t'!il si <lc;IC'sl,tl>I('
ffll(~ ,1111\\'t' ~(' (.'(llll.l'flll<"C' C"(llllt(' CllX. 00115 lt~ 1'<>lll"ll1Clll ils
t'<'slc1,,11l i111111,11tcls.

~ 1. S' fS ( 1. f l ~' rI i f' f 1 1 (' 11 '. 11 ) 1 \ \' f, (' f ll 11 l 11' ( l l)1l (' f (' \ f ll C(' ( l l 1' ( l l l :l
f fI 1
,l<'st1,11,l1t ,c1s ttl11i-<i, ils 11C' 111C'11el11ti('lll 1:1s (t'f'S l11fil<'IC's)
l'e l l l l 111 C' : 1 f fi f C,S. l\ 1:1 S 1>C' 1111 l' () 111 > Jl n 1 111 t' 11 X S ( l 11 ( C) C' S I>C t-
,<rs (l!l).
lis ~,,,,t lr's 1,l11s l1<,~lil<'S 1111x ,\1r1l,es 11111st1l1111111is,t~ (flf)). lis
(" l l t ' \1l 11(' 11 I 1 ('" 1'. 1. ' (' s ~ (' t 11s 1) I' ( l 111 i (; 1'' i 1' (> s (1e In 1., () i (' 1 (1(' s 'Ji ,, 1.( \ s
S:1i11I", l'i ~111,lf'I' )l<)tt1 ('IIX lcs S('('l'('f~ tic' ,,,,,,,,,(~ ! Il r,,,11 n,, 1nl,l,i11
IIIIC 1,,,-i.lil,~ tl'c~1)1il ri llllt' ,,ll(llll(; llC'll ('()1111111111C'~, llt)tll' ltl1ltl0'11-
\'l"('t' l1111s l"rl i111l1tlf~lit, ri C'<'c; l:1l,~ 1ir1111cs ~n11s iss11<1. <:c 11'csl Jl:1s
1
lc111I : (11111s t11n111r 11g~l<1111c;,nlitl11 tl<' l'/\1111,ir, s<'1111,l('-1-il, lrs 1111is-

!-;lt11ls, llll~si l><~(-llt'tll'S r111c J>IIS'-;lllllS, SC' ~Olll 1t111is ('li g,c)l11)(! ()0111'
ri1i1c (;Cltrc fi l"c':\l>:lll~C>II tirs llll1St1J1111111iss .
.< 1!!>. S,,,,,. \'. !t:..! H 1 : ,,,111. 11. ifl. I .,." .l11i(c; 1,1>11,:11,111 :11,s,,111111,111 1 tlac'
n~~11111I"~ :,,.,,,. 11~ .\1:ll,1" "'''' 11 111:111 t"tli:~ic,1~.
(!il>) lli,I .. R;";.
J.,A VIE A ?tlDINE 87
123. Ai11si, <1n11s cl1nqt1e cil, no11s ovons 1>lnc <les G1011<ls,
J>rcl1e111s ()e Celle cilc, 11nn CJtt'i)s y lllOCl1i11e11( COtlltc les
(~1<>)'11111s. l\lnis ils 11e 111ncl1i11enl qt1e cont1e e11x-111rnes sons
fJtt'ils le 1>1esse11lcnt (51).
Jl111 1ci1)1ocit, les n1ttst1l111nniss tlcvienne11t nnli-Jttifs. Qt1el-

<111t's-1111s vo11I si loin, tln11s lct1r l1nine, qt1'ils cl1n11gerAient volo11-
lic1s clc l .. iv1e : [ . . es Dte11lc111s <le l'Ec1ilt1re le <le1nnncle11t Cfllc
N<>11s f:1ssio11s <lcsce11,lre s111 ct1x, cita ciel, 1111e (not1vclle) Ec1i-
l111e :. (52).
()n fnil l,en11co11p ()c ~c,111e11ls il l\f(l i11c (fi3), 111nis jnn1nis
1'11,111111,c 11'csl si 1>1rs clc t1nl1i1 f(IIC (fllflll(I il j111c fi(lclil. ()1, h
I\J,t<fi11C', les 1111il1cs 1>11ll11lr11l (f>,I). I.. cs lly1>c>crilcs so11l si 110111l,1r11x
l'i lct11s :1~:lttl~es si c<111li1111ellcs <Jttc les v1nis C1oyn11ts onl J>cinc n
S<~ 1r,clt111:,il1c (ln,1s C<~ 111<lll<lc cl1n11gcn11t (!l!i). I..es lly(l<1c1itcs ~c
111,,11r1<.'11I <le Ynl1,v,~, <ft1 (;01,,f,. et ,le Mohn1n111e<1 (fi). l)e lcttr cl<',
l<'S <:1o)n11ls se ploig11c11t ; ils c1itic1t1e11t Mol1n1n111c,l : 1,,,,11,i
t'11x, il c11 <'sl <111i te c1iti<111e11l ut, s11jet <les n11111(>11cs. S,ils C'n 1c(,i-
,<.'11I r11 cl(lll, ils so11I snlisr,1ils ; s'ils 11'cn reoive11t lllls c11 <l<lll, lrs
,c1il'1 ,111i ~e cot11ro11ce11l > (57).
J.,cl1~c111'<>11 renco11l1e t111 .lt1if, t111 A,nllc 11111s11lr11n11is, 1111
c:,cl,'11111,

c'l 111n1c 1111 cl11lic11, 011 ne snit pl11s, il M,line, n c111i
1,l11 :1 :, f:1i1r ! SC'ttls, l>cn11c1111> ,t'i<lolnl1es 1Pslcnt fc1111es s111 l<'t11s
11,sili,111s. l..,C' 1nl>l>i11 n11ssi ro11lint1c son cl1e1ni11, cont1e vc1,ls l'i
1111,r<~f's. r1(111s ers gc11s ~1>1011vcnl le l>csoin <le se voi1, <le se co11s11l-
lr1, cil' lc11i1 (les c<111ci)in1,11les.
S'il s'ngit ,1'1111 f11l1clien 1,1i, nvec l'A1>c">l1e, fnil<:'s (l'nl,,111
1
1111<' 1111111,11C' 1'1 ~l<>l1n1t1111c-(l, r111 il est 1111 si1111,lc 11101lt~l C(>tl1n1c ,,,,tts,
,., il :1 lc,11<~ l,csoir1 clc s111>si<lcs 1>0111 viv1e :
,:,. t) \'(lllS (Jtli ("l"O)'e7. 1 (ltlOll<>l1e, fnilC's Jl1c~tt'cl<'1 C<'l cnt1eli~11 tl't111e n11111<i11e I C:<,Ja1
~(111 l,ic11 et t>ltlS (l(!("Cnl pnt11 VOllS. Si VOIIR ne (1011,,{'7. JlOS
(11,,,,,c11

cic Je fnit<,) ... Ynl1w e~t nsol11let11 cl 111is1i,<>1..
tlC'IIX.
11. fti1e J>rc<le1 <l'n1111111t'S vc,lre c11t1p-

A11111~l1c11f1<'1.-\1 <111s 14'
lir11 c11 J>1iv? Si vc,11s 11e ,,o,ts excttlcz Jlns et (si) '\'n11,v
(:, 1) s. ' '1,. 12 ~ .

,, 1
- S,,111. IV, 1fl2.
( ,) J)
~
,r, :11 Sc, 111. f X, fl O.

( r; 1) Srt111. IV. 107-112.
(:,!"il \ 1rtit lt ,1,nr,ilr(' ~,11 Ir~ lfyJ>orrilc~.
( fi (i) S,,,11. 1X, f>O-ft7.
(fi ) 11,i,I. 58.
RR
1'1(>11Aftl~IEIJ EN Pl1EIN EPANOUJSSEAIENT
1c,ie11l (cl( S:1 1ig11l'111) cc111l1c v,,t1s, i1cco1111,Jisscz 111 J>rire,

flclllllt'~ l',\11111(;11c cl (Jl)iss(z Ynl1,v el Stlll A1,t1e. Ynl1,v
csl J>ic11 i11f ,,1111 (le cc (Jttc vc>tts foitcs l58).
1.-cs clcs rrt111i<>11s c11l1c cttx. Ils onl

11111st1l1111111is('s lic1111c11l 11t1s!ii
111is il l'(>1(l1e <111 jclt11 ln (fl1cslic111 cl'n,,a11cc111cnl. C'est ftlol1n111111eoi11t :
12. f) ,.,,,,s 11i t1,,~<'7. 1 c111n11tl il ,,,11s est <lit : 1>1e11<'7. 11l11c~
il l'nisr, l:,1,s l'nssC'111l,lrl~ ! > 111e1,(\Z tllnce I Ynl,,,,r. vcltls fe,n
1111c 1>ln,r (:111 ll1,1:1clis). (l\l:1is) ,r11n11cl i\ vo11s f'SI ,lit : c J\rli-
1C'~-,c,11s ! :, , 1(~li1rz-\'(l1IS f 'i'nl1,, ~)('\'e1n Cll l1ir1n1<. lll' C<'llX
c111i, 11:11111i ,,l11s, n111c111I c111 ri n11ro11l 1C'~11 ln Scic11cc.
,n1,,,.l~, clc' <'C' c111c v,,11s f11itcs, <st l>ie11 i11fc>1111 (5~)).
l)c l,111 cc',lt', Il'" ll.,1,c,(1ilrs ric1111t'11I clc's a1ssc111l,lirs c:ln11,les-

li11(s, )10lll l1c>ll\'('I' ll' lllCl)'C'II cl(' slc>t>llC'I. l'i11nll('llct cltl 1;1l>l)ll, l'llll-
1
lc11ilt0' ,le l\lc,l1:,111111,tl, l'i le clt!\'t'l(>1>1>c111r11t clt~ 1:, <.~,,,111111111:11,l ,lt'S

11111s,1 l111n11is<;s.
!). N'a1s-lt1 11:1~ ,,1 cttt"'\ :111xc11t('ls cl,;f,11sr 11 ,;lt' f11ifl~ ,le t,,11i1
C'flll< ilia1lt11lc l'C'\'l'II1 )lfll' ):1 st1fr
1 1
0 9
('C Clt1 Clll lc111 :1 ,Jt;f,11c)11
1 l<'11i1 c'rl1,cili:1l,11lr (cl:111~ le l,11 () <le J>c~cl1r1, cl'nl>tlSC'1 ,111
l1c1it C'I ,lt ,1,,~c,l1'i1 i, l'J\1,t,11,,? (..~111111,I ((rs gt'II~) ,,ir1111c11I
i, l,ti (lit I(' 1:1ll,i11 i, l\l<ll11,111111('<1) ils l'n<l1c~sc11t t111~ s11lt1ln-
ti1l11 c1t1i 11'(sl 1,:1s tC'II(' <r11<' ''nl1,,,t~ l'ncl1rssc cl ils :-,() <lisent
('Il ettx-111('111C'S : l1 <lltl'(JllCl ''1111,,~ Il<' l\()11S lc>t11111r11l(--l-il
1<11l Jlclt11 ("(' <111c tl<ltts clis<,11s? > ((i()) l.t'111 <c,1111ll:111t sr1n ln
(;rll('lllll' C(tl"ils 11111()1\ICl'()lll. <}.ttc) clc~lcslnl,lc llcve11i1 1
1(), () \'(lllS (lll ('l'(l.,'<'l ! lr11c~

(llltlllcl \'()IIH (C'llC'~ ('()ll( ilir1l)ttll', 11('
1
11:1!\ <,,1,lilir1l,11)c, (cli111s le l,,1t) clc' lll~cl1r1, cl',,l>tlS('I. cl11 <lrc>il

r( clc cl,;s,1l11;1 0 )'/\fl(l(l'C ! 'I.CIIC'Z C<>ll<."linl1t1lc (<fllllS le J,111)
1
cl'rl,c l,1,11s ,,1 1,ic,,x ! S,,)rz 11ie11x c11vc1s ,,,,l,,vi'. Qtac ll'S
(:1,1)'a111ls s':11>1>11ic11I s111 '\'i1l1,, v,1s lcrftllt's !
(f,R) S,1111. 1.\'111, 1:1 11.

(;,!t) //,i,/. ,~.
(lifl) Si lli,,1 t,i.,1:,il tI "' 1, r,1l,l1i11 :,,nil 1:1i~,.,,. nc>11c; 11'<'xisrr1i<111~
11l1ts 1lc1,t1ic; l,,1,r!t,11111" : rl111,,. lt 1:1l,li11 ,,,. 11,,,r< 1it,,,11~t' ,,,,,, 111'" l1i"11,i1c< >,
,1 i~111I , Slllllllll' I,~ i11llcliI~. J ,('S i11li,lilt lllllclt111,~ Ill' 1>i1rlt11t llilS .111t1r-
111c11I.
LA VJr; A MDINB 80
11. 'l'c11i1 t<,11cili11l111le vic11l sct1lc111e11l tlu l)111011 (qui Je sttl{-
g1c) J>Ot11 altrisle1 cct1x <Jt1i croient. !\lais (le D111on) 11e
1,,,11( c11 rien Jc11r 1111ire, snt1f ovec ln 1>e1111ission de Yol1w.
Qt1e les C1oya11ls s'n1>1>t1ie11t sttr Yal1w 1 (l)
~l'c>t1s ers C(>11cilinb11les el e11l1cliens secrets 11'abo11liro11l qt1'at1

J;ctt lc111cl 1><>t1r les ll)'I>Ocriles. Le Mnl n lot1jo11rs le 111111c fin ;
il 1111il cct1x-l 111mes <Jtti le fo11t. c N'eut t ln favet1r et la
1
g1ncc lie Y11l1w envers toi (l\Iol1n1nn1e) 1 t1n parti () e11tre ces ge11s
i,11111il 1,1<lil ,le l'gn1c1, 1nnis ils n'garent qt1'et1x-1nmes cl ne
Il! 1111ise11l c11 1ie11. Yal1,v n foit <lescen<l1e stll" toi le Livre <le
S:,grssC'. Il l'a <'nseig11 ce (Jlll! ltl ne savais 1>oi11I, et la fnvet11 tic
Y11l1,,,,~ c11vc1s l<> o t i1n111ense ,. - Pot1r ler111iner sn m<litnti(>ll
le 1c<111111:1iss1111ce, le 1t\l1IJi11 aj<t1lc : Nt1l IJicn, (ln11s no1nl>1c clc
lc111s t<,11<ilii1l>11les, s11t1f (ln11s lrs paroles (ftli rec<>1nn11,11<le11t 1'1111-
111(,11~, le~ co11ve11nl>le et ln co11co1<le entre les l10111n1es. A cclt1i CJtti
fait lcln, ll(llls <l<>1111r1<lns t111c i111111c11se 1trittlion > (2).
fl,,111 Il<' 1iC'11 0111ell1c ,l'cssc11licl cln11s la tlescri1>ticl11 (le l'a111-
l,i1111c 1cligil'ttsc ,le M<li11c, ncltls clev,,ns <li1c r1t1elc111es 111<>ls s111
les 1<'11,lic,11s ,111c stts<.~ile ln 1>1<lir.ali<>11 u Corab, et s111 le curiettx
to111111l~1tc <1t1e 1'011 fait nvcc le J. . ivre de Yol1,v:
!)1 ,,. (1.-,s i1111ies) n'111>1>1(ie11l point Diet1 co111111c Il le 1111il<',

<111;111() ils (lisent : Il n't1 jn111ois rien rvl n l'l1on1111c .
1>is-lc111 : Qt1i <lc>lll~ n rvl ~lose le IJivre <lcve11tt
l1111,i('rc et cli1('clic>11 J>Oltt l'l111111anil ? >
11 <'<' J.1iv1c ,111e vo11s <~1i,,ez ~111 ,les fe11illels t1c po1cl1c111in, <(ttc
\'(llls 111,,11lr<'Z C'l <ll1n1 ce1,e11clnnt ,,011s cncl,ez Ulll' J{1n11(le 1,1,1-
Iic. ()11 ,,011s n c11scig11 cc <Jttc vot1s 11e suvicz 1>oi11l, 11i vc>t1s
11 i v,1s 1>1es ((>3).
1)',,1,1s lllncl11e ((i-1), ,~clic seco11cle 11n1tie 111 v. 01 vise les

.J,,irs ,Il' tcll(' ville, c'<~st-n-li1c <le l\fcline. J..'ex1>ression : on vo11s
11 r11srig11,t ,r. q11c 11,>11 .._ ,,e s,,uir.z poi,,t,,,i vo1ls 11i vos ,,res. pn111it
r,,i,t ,,11,,si,111 R l'c11seignc1,,r11t l1,l11111()iq11e c (Il) Celle exrgsc
t'sl lrllt'111c11l i11el)c et i11v111iscml>lnl>le, qtte je den1a11<lc a11x gr11s
Sl~ric11x c1c l'C'l>l 11sc1 cc lexie n l'nir lil>te ; ,l'nt1ln11I plt1s q11e cc vc1-
1
~cl, C(t111111c 11c)t1s nll<111s le ,,,,i1, e.;I cl'11nc t1s g1enc.lc i1111>01lnr1ce.
ll'111,1rs lll1,ll11e, si 11,,11s le co111111cno11s bien, ce sont les J11ifR
111 (' ( 1i l 1( ) is (11 1 i re ,. n iC l l t (1(! s t () l) i Cs ( 1l I C CO 1u n , n ra b e. .J C l l l e
(fil) ~11111. 14Vllf, 0-11.

((;~, S,,,,,. IV, l t3-l l I.
((;~) S,,,11. VI, - 01,r r.st <l.(1ri~i11r. 111tql1c>isc, cl Olt, ,to1i~i11c 111,tinoi~c.
((i 1) l\1 ..,,:11i~1,R, 1.. c C,J1n1,, l. Ill, 11. 684, an11. lita v. 01.
no
~l(>tlA~f ~IEf> EN l'J.EIN ErANOtJISSEltfENT
,lc1111111<lc C(,111111r11I il~ fr1,1i1 .. 11l cles COJ>ies <l'11n li,,rc q11i, clc l'avis
4lc 11,,s ~1,11,fls c,,,n1,isr,11l:-1, 11, :,e1n co1111,<>~t.\ qttc s011s le 1g11c
cl'()ll11111111 l l\l11is je st1is 11c11l-l1c 1ln11s l'c11et11: il ne s'ngil }lBS clc
111 1ctc11sicl11 oll1111n11ic1111e ,111i se1nil ni11si 1C'c,,11ic i, J\1<li11e. Ne
s1,git-il 1>ns 1,l11ti',t <111 1,,111111tl ? l>t1 "l,nl111t1l ,111e 11i V<>t1s 11i vos
,,rrcs 11t~ <'(l1111:,issicz ? > \ 1 oilit Cfll'l('S 1111c 1,ellc 11011,nillc. l..,es Jt1ifs
,le l\lcli11e 11c l'c,1111nissnie11t 1>as le 'J'nl,11111 1 [..,c111s t>1cs ne
l'n,,nie11t pits <~c,111111 11c,11 1>l11s. 1\lnis le gninl l\I,,l1R1n111eil J>tlt 1vlnlio11 clivi11c Allnl1 s'i11-
l1essc clcil111<'11I J>cnt1c>t11> n11 'J'nl111t1<l - s<>l ,ln11s sf'~ 1elnlions
n,ec les Jt1ifs, cr11x <le Ln l\lec<[tte vi<le111111<'11t, soit en f1c111c11lnnl
les Jlll>11es c11l1e c1e11x <1111'nlic>11s c<>111111e1cinles, soit r11 c<>ttl1111t
les l<'>11s 1>111li<'t1liP1<'s ,1,1 fn111<'t1x 11eslo1ic11 s, . 1gi11s Jl:1l1i111.
Cette ex<\l{(s<', l<>ttle l1n<liti<11111< lle ')tl'('llc st>I, se l111i11c cle-ci,
1
clc-li1, i1 l'n,'ct1~lellt' cl 11111s c>111l11il, il fn 11t J,ie11 le 111(c1, vc1s lies

co11clt1sio11s ~1,1i11C'111111c11t sollC's cl 1i<lic11lrs.
llclis111s tllll<.' c' l<'Xle lc11lc11,~11I, sn11s n11t1111c 1>1i'v('t1li,111. NlttR
0
so111111<'S i1 l\l< 'fli11e. 11 s'111~il ,1i11ficl'les. Ces ir,fi(ltlc's fc>11t <les clJ>es
clt1 J..,i,,e n1:1l1' cl,,11l 11c,t1s ccl111lnissc111s l'exislr11re : Ir. (:o,nl,. Il~
l'Cl(>ic11I ~111t,,11( cles cxl111ils - ( \'(>t1s cncl1c7. ])cn11co111, 111 co11len11
cle l'e J.,i,tc :o) -, 11cltls nlJc,11s ,c1i1 <ln11s c111cl lttl. C:e l.1i,,1e, ,lit le
1a1l,l>i11, c>11 11c (lclil 1,1,s le ,e1lcl1c ccl111111c ,le li, vt1lgni1c 111n1cl1n11-
,lise 1 f:'l'SI 1111(' <~<1il11te l,(;11ie >, ,lit-il n11 "e,sr'l s11i,,n1,1. ((ttc
11011s n,'ot1s f:1it ,1rscc11<11e, cl<;c-li111,11t ,,111is l<'S 111essnges 1111(t_',1ir.t11s,
nfl11 ((IIC 111 n,.,,,(i~srs ):1 /11,~r<> rlr.~ r:,"lr..~ <'I cC'11x rr,,i s,ltll n11to11r
fl'c,)lc > (sc>111. \'I, !>2). At1(1c111c11I clil, le r:01,111 11<? <,,11I<'lll ol,sc>lt1-
111c11t 1ic11 le, 11,,11,ent1: s,111 111C'ssngc, 1,rl(~ 1>1i111ili,,c111e11I en
l,~l,rC'tl, est <c,111111 tlfl1>11is l\lc,sr. I>n1le1 c1c )'lsln111 c<,111111~ cl't111c
(l'1111c 1,,,,1,C'llr t'l'ligic,11 a1111l>t~ > l'Sl 1111c c,,l,,s~nlc s111,<'1tlt("1ie.
f)c t>ltlS, ('P.\". !lf, f,, <le f11 SCllll'. ''), Jl(lllS CClllfi1111(~ 1111(~ fc>S (IC
11l11s (r11c li, 1,~lnc1;,l,1 clt1 <:o,,111 C'sl ncl1e,,e, l'l ,,,,c
l'i11slillnli,,11
t>l'(lllfJc((III(' <III ;1111nil, (l 1
lll>lrs ll(lS g1n1 1cls C(l1'1111Sfl1llS, Sl1CC~t1 fl
1111c i11<ligesti111 111cltlt1il<' 1>111 1111c 1,,Jntio11 glcll,nll', rsl 11ne sl11-
11iclil. Ccl11 n,,~si, je liflllS il I(' S()ttlig11<'1 ici llOlll'" fftl'(lll )' rn-
cl,issc el r111c l'c,11 1c<l1111r c11fi11 i, clcs rx1,lirnlic111s s<'11scs. J. . e
(:n,,,I,. nln1,111lic111 n,nl><' ,111 r.,)1011 l1l,1c11, sl te1111it1<~ nvn11t ln
f11ilc n 1\l,lirt(', n, n11t ln l'111111c1silic>11 et,, cl1. ''I ,les Ar.trs ri<> l'f./c111,.
1
11l11s J>1risr111<'11I n l'1><1<111e cll's S(1111ntPs 111ecr111oises XX et XXVI.

N<111s co11sl,1l,111s it 11011,,rn,1 (11111s ln sot11. ''I, ffl <1 el 1> cl !12, (111c ln
<:or,,h cl le li,1r (f1J co11I<'11t Ct'llc scltttntc \ 1 I so11I 41P11x 11vrc~
Jif}',,1c11lcs, l~t1ifC'S 11n1 IP 111c\11tl l1tlllllJlC, 1111 .J11ir SOJlS 1111('1111 <lottfe
1
Jl<lssil,le ; l'e ~<,111 le~ tlc11,c 1>1c111i('1s ,0l11111cs <Il~ ln r,1111,c l)il,lio-
tl1c111e n1nl,(', n ln11t,Jlc lrnvnill<"1011I s111l>11l les 11111s11J1nn11is~ nrn-
l,01ll1011l'~, c'C'"l-i1-cli1~ le." 11111s11l111n11i"~s 11n1l:111l n1-nl>e ::;1111s ~t,e
c,1x-11111l,c; ,1, ~ \1:,l1~c;. r'! ,,,,'il 11"! fot1t jn111ois 011l>licr. Ile Jllt1s,
LA VIB A ~IDINB 01
)'1111 <le ces lct1x liv1es, le J>lt1s g11n11l pot11 les A1ul.Jcs, clis1>a1nit1n
1, iCI l IC) 1.
l,cs i11(itllcs (l,>11c, ltnnsc1iv11ie11l il M<li11c cles ext,oils (llt
r:o,,,l,, (f11'ils ne C(>n11nissnie11l rtttc <le fraicl1e clnlc, et q11e lct11s
1111cl1c's :,,,nient igno1. Ils <>Ill lrot1v (IR11s ces l1n11scri11ti<>ns
111:1lii'1c i, 1111 11011vcn11 co111111e1ce ; ln s011rt1lc II 11011s Je <lit cx1>li-
c l CI l 1C111 :
s.,111. 11, 73 n. - I1 n1111i e11x sr>11l <les gc11s <ltt C<l1n111u11 c111i 11(~
<'(>1111:1issent tlns l'l~c1it111c, (rnois) set1lc111c11l lies cl1in11es, el
11c f<>11l qt1c clcs co11jcclt11es ...

l .. cs <"<11111isn11ls lle1"c,e11l ((tic 1\lc>l1n111111ecl s'ncl1csse1nil ici n11x

.l11ifs 111<li11c>is, lis 1>n1 (ll'S nlli~111ces ot1x <lct1x t1iut1s 1>olyll1is-
lC's cle l\lt~cli11c, Il'~ A,vs el les llnz111j >. U11e fois st1r t111e J>isle, ]es
g12111cls s:1,,1,11ls i11111gi11c11l t111c rl)ttlc <le cl1oses 1><>t11 j11slifie1 le11rs
111t111ii'1l's <le 11c11sc1... C'rsl ce (fttc 11ot1s voyons n prse11l. L'nllin11l'('
(les .J11ifs nvcc lt'S J>ac11s esl i11vc11lc lit <le to11lcs t>icr.s 1>ot1r ex11li-
'l''<'t" 1111 lt'xlc (10111 011 n (l<>1111 n111>n1nvnnt 1111e fo11ssc ir1le11>1t1,-
I<>J1. Jl:111s l('s versets 0-71, le 1nl,)Ji11 roJlt>elle ln futtsscl, l'l1y1>(>-
c1isic clcs A1ol>es 01>1>01lt1r1isfes :
(). (lcltl\'CZ-\'OllS 11111l>I(lllllCI'(ces ge11s) c1oic11t n,ec VOIIS,

(111C
,,lc)rs ,,11't1n~ frncliclll 1n1111i <'tlx, c111i e11lC'11<lnit le Disco111s
f(' ''11l1,v, le fnt1ss1til c11st1ile scie111111c11I, n1>1s l'nvoir cr,111-
1,1is ?
J>,,111 ,,,,i1 (ln11s ,es fa1t1fis11i1cs les Jt1irs cle l\l<li11c, cc,111111c le
r,,111 lt's <111111<'nl11lct11s tilt Co1n11 >, il 11011s fnt1<l1nit s111>110::1e1 -
c'I (l(J\11 ,11tt llc 1nison ? - Cftlc les .Tttifs (1e l\ l<1ir1e taient <les Jt1ifs
1 1
SJ)(~(i:1,1x, s1>n1s ()Cs n11l1es, fo1111n11t llne cntegorie R pntI. Pot11-

(111 , i t:111 I ,1e c n1>ri o Ies, n Io 1s ff 11 e In s i 111 o t i o 11 es t p n r f n i t e, 11 e n t e x 1>t i-
111 t'' (' 1,1,1 IC's textes les 1>l11s n,1tl1c11li<111es '/ J.,e rnlJl>itt s'ncl1<'ssr ici
n11x <:1,l~'tlt1ls, 1>n1111i lt'sc1t1cls il y n les vrais s0111nis, fJtti He S<llll
1,l:1tt~s S(11s l1l co11,l11ile (le 1\l(>l1n111111c,I, t>ttis les l1)'poc1iles nvec <111i
11(111s f;1!-ic>11s l<>t1jc1t11s 1>l11s n1111>lc co1111eissnnce, 1111is l('s 1c11gnts,
t'11fi11 lrs ,,,>111011s et les Jt'\<1,cs. Rc1>lnons 111oir1te11flnt le v. 7(),
S(lt11. 11, l:111~ s>11 cJ11lcxlc l1isl>1ic111e rl concret. I.. e 1al>llin s'acl1cssc,
11,,11 Jlns 1111x ,J11ifs, n11x c11fn1,ts (l'lsrnl, 111nis n11x Arnl,es fc1111r-
111C'11I t11,,c1tis. Il l<'S n1><>slr,1>l1c ni11si : 1>011vez-vo11s rclle111r11t
lt~si1c1 tl 11llc11tl1e <Jtte l<>lls c~s Atnl>cs q11i vot1s e11to111enl s'11tljoi-
g11C'rtl it ,,011~ co1n11111nnt1(? Ne VO)'eZ-VOIIS ))AS le lllAnge Oll(Jltel
sr li,1r111 tr1lni11s cl'c11l1c e11x ? ''011s snvez bien q11'il!'I ont cl,olJ01,I
fnif ~1,1l,J;111I fie t'f'(>i1e ntJ~ 1,falions ,lu Sirini, p11is r1u'iJs ont
!12
~lfJJIA~ll\11~1) l::N JJ .. EJN l~l,ANOUJSSl~~IENT
f1111ss~ \'<llc,11l11i1t'111r11l, s<.il111111c11I, ces JJnaolcs <le Ynl1,v fftt'ils

,, ,, ni e 11 1 cc, 1111 1 is l' s !
,rt1ifs (( l"fll'('!ICIIS SCJII(ici l11J1s clc CllllSC. N,>tlS l1 1lV()IIS c:i (lll'ltn 9
settl .ft1if, c'~sl <<'lt1i ,111i ~'ncl1cssc il tlcs A11ll)cs c1t>)'n11ls )lt>llt" )es
0
111<'ll1c ('Il g111<lc l'l,11t1c cl',11111('5 A1nl,cs IJlti se 1>1lc11(lc11l c1oyants.

111nis Jt1i f1111~sc11l l11 1eligil>11 cl'ls1nl.
S<)t11. li, t. - - (,\111l)ilil>1111t1cz-vot1s c111'ils (1c,ie11l n,ec vo11s)

nlc,1s c1111, 1<!l1tr111l11111l tc11x 1111i c1c1ic11l (c:esl--,lirt! /r.s Ara ..
I,,.~ r,,ltir.c; ,,,, j11c/,,.'it11,), ils lct11 clisl'lll : Nc>tts t10)'<>11s >,
cl 1t1c, sc11ls les 1111s n,'<'C les n11t1es, ils (se) 1lise11I : e11t1c-
lic11cl1f:\z-,,,1,1s ces (c<,11,ttlis) cle ce r111e Yi,11,,,l~ \'<lits n ocl1oy
l l fi 11 f Il 1'i Is : 11 '#~ 11111 11 ( r Il l c, >11 t 1 C , ' <>t I s, : 1111 <~ s C <' 11t , : 1111>t S t IC
1
,olt'C Srig11l111 ? 1~11 1111(,i 1 11e 1nisc,1111erl'z-vc>t1s 1>oi11l ? >

72.1~11 (Jt1,,i 1 (tes l1)'l)oc1ilt\s) 11c sn, c11l-ils 11ns c111e YJ1l1,\ snil
1
ce (Jt1'ils <'ltl'llt'tll ,t cc <tti'ils clivt1lg11c11t?
:l. (,\111l,ili(llllt'J'C 1
7.-\'(lllS
1
c111 ils
nlc>1s lfllC 1,=1111,i {'IIX S(llll
l'l'()CIII)
cll'S (il'lllils <111i 11r cc,1111i1isse11l 1>c>i11l l'l~<.1il111c (111nis) sc11-
le111c11I ,Ir" l'l1i111<'t"l'S, cl (<1t1i) 11e fo11l <tttc <les C<lttj(clttt't'S ?
1~1 le 1nl)l,i11, :11,,is 11,r,i1 ,le111n11,l n11x C:10~2111ls si11l't'tC's cfc

)>('ll \'('ll,1 tl rrl'lll('I" l'<'ll(lrc <le il'lll" C(Jlllllltlllrt\l( :'t ("C'S gc11s cfn11-
gc1ctlX1 rc,11li1111~ :
:I /, l\lrlll1,111 it 111i <~c1i,,r11l 1~ J.. i,1< clc

<"<'IIX lt!111s 111:1i11s, 1,11i~
(fll ,list'III : ~ (:('('1 ,i,111 '\'i,1,,,, ,''l' ,,n,, t1r le ll'()f~llCr n
f;1il>lc 111ix ! J\l,1ll1r111 i, l'tlx 1>0111 cc 1t1'ils !il~ s<>Ill itt111is.l
(:es ,r15rls t<ttt111l(.'lC'1t, I<' t,,l,1<1't\t1 ,te lt, ll1lle <'l\~:,g~<' r1,t1c lrs
,\1:11,cs j11l11s<"" tl l<''i 11t>IJ-l1c>)1111ls. l .. e 1nl,l>i11 vi(111><1c, ct,1111<! 1111
<c,1111111 1cc l11111lr11x. 11 ~' al cll'S ge11s fttii ft,111 cl,1 C<>111111c1r<! 11vcc le
1
r.\'l'(' <l<'S flc''\'(~li1IflllS; ('C ll C'SI :-;til'Clll('ll( fJI\S OVC<" le C:,,1n11, li,1c
1
l,t~l,1c11. F,1 <'<'lie l:111,~111', il 11'11111:,it 1>11 r l1r ve11,l11 <111'n11x .J11ifs. l1e
t>ltts, lts .J11ifs 11'11,,11i,,11I l);ts i, f:1i1c e11l1c f'11:,c titi<' 1>101,11gl111,1,, 1>ltt1
tc l .. iv1c <'Il 11s"1111111t r111'il , t1111il l,ie11 ile ,,,,1,,,,; ils <'Il l:lC'lll
1
Jln1fnile111<11I c,111,,ni11c11s. {l11 11' <r)1111,1c11cl1nil 1>11s 111'1111 ,l11if, t><>ttr

,r1\cl1r ln llil,lc' it St'S t"c1111Jllll1i11tes, lr111 r1ie : A<l1~le?.-l1, 1 )~lie
,ie11I ,le \rnl1,,~ f > Pn,eillc ir1lc11,1flntic,,1 11'n v111i111e11l J)llS (IC
s~1,s. Il ne Jlt 11I cl,,11c l1"l~ 1111cslio11 t)ll<' clt1 Co,,11>, (lttJllicnln
1
,t,,
(:c,11111 l1l,1<'1t, fc1it ~11 n1;1l,c, ri <r11i contic11I n,,ssi lit 1>n1olt' <le
\'nl1,,r. ,\ jlts(c Ilt{' Oil J>Ctll 11ffi1111er ! C (:cci (-- (!C {;()l'flf>) VCJll
tfC ,.tlfl\\'~ :t,. 1.t\ S(lt:ll<)ll ('St tlc.;SOt'lll(IS lts cl1,rl' : [\ ~1t'(I11e, il
~ n cl<s A,nl,c~ t tti <.'OJ>ic11l Ir (:orol clnns 1111 l)tll snc1ilg<'. C:'rsl
1,, 1,1e11li1c fc)is 1t1c les 1\<lr.~ fc,11l 111e11lio11 (le cc 1111fic. Jlc,11r sn1>e1
I..A VIE A MOINE 03
ln l)nse 111111c ,le l'n1)osl,>lnl <Ill 1nl>bi11, ce1lni11s l11ri<llcs, cle.s
ll)'(lc>('tilcs, S<' so11l 111oc111 ,l<'s co1,ics a11tl1e11liq11cs ()t1 Coral>. Ils
f'II fo11I <les cxl111ils, (les C(>J,irs ft1t1livcs, vol<>11lni1c111e11I l1avfslics,
el ils lt\s ,,c11flC'11t l,011 111111cl1 e11 1>1sc11ln11l lct1r 111n1cl1n11<lisc
ct1111111c 1v('l11l(>ll clivi11c. J..,<'t11s c11111elols nnn,,11ce11l n qtti ve11l
l'e11lr11cl1c 1t1c ces fet1illcls <le 1,n1tl1e111i11 - qtti 1>1sentoie11t sn11s
tlc>t1lc ,111 lrclc111 CJll<'l((ttes cl1c">Ic1ies - co11tie1111<'11t <I<'~ 1>nr,1le~ <le
Y11J,,,,,,, ,ltis(~c11<l11es cl11 ciel c11 <ltoile lig11c : c Acl1elez ce livre 1
Il vic11l cl'1\lli1l1 1 C'est pns cltl\r ! > (..,es co111111e1n11ts font <111 co111-
111 C' 1CC. ) IS g f l g l l C 11 l (1e l' 0 1g C 11 t, e l CC) 8 1e111' St I ff t \1n S IS 11 C
l'toic11l 1,i,s h ln (livinit <lt1 liv1e q11'ils vc11<lc11t. Mnll1et11" n c,,s
ll)'lc,c,itcs l c Cct1x <111i clc11t <les pn1tics (lt1 Liv1c envoy <l'c11
lli1l1l, <'I \'(11clc11t I<' f .. i,,,c (ni11si f11lsifi) 1>(1111 1111 vil 111ix, se J'e111-
11lisst'11I lts t'11l1nillcs (le rc11, cl Y11l1,, 11c lct11 I>ltllc111 J>ns nt1
.J<,11l <I(' ln ll(~s11r1C'clio11. li 11c les t>t11ific1a 1>os, et ils 0111>11t 1111
1<) 1111l 1(' 11 I (' I' l 1C} > ( (35) .
Il ('si 1>1,,l)nJ>lc (ftle ,les sr1il>cs pL1l>lics s'tuie11t c111l>nt1r.l1s 1><>t1t
f:1i1c les ,,11>ics <Ill <:o,al,. Ils cncl1nie11t ces COJlics fnlsifil's cl,
--- 1rt1l-fl1c, 11n1 c1ni1llc clcs invectives J>t1l,lic111Ps <ltt rnl,bin - ,
ils les V<'11cl11'nl so11s le 111nnlen11 11ot1r <IttelcJll<'S flices <le 111flll-
11:1t! : l~I ,1111111<1 Ynl,,,, 1e11t l'nllinnce <le cct1x n q11i n l <lo11-
11l;~ l'l~<1il111<' (fi{;), (lettt <>1tl,,1111n11l) : J\ilonl1cz-1n, cc1tes. n11x
1
g<'11s <'I 11c lit criez J><>i11t ! , ils l 0111 ntt co11lrni1c rejete <l<'11ii'tc
IC'111 cl1>s tl l1'(><111c il vil ,,,ix. l:<>Jl1l,ic11 csl tllcstnl>lc le111' lr(lC 1
((>7).
((;:1) S,,111. Il. l(i!) ; \'(li1 11\ISS IX. !t : C (1.rs l1tfl,lrlcs) onl lt"OC(ll ll'S
r.11sti1~11c111c11ls I<' Y,,1,,,r i, ,il ,,,ix ct ils c)11l frn11(, clc ~,,,, l'l1(111i11 >.
(ti(i) (:1lll fc>l'lllll)(' cli,.sigrlC' },.~ IIIIISllllll:11\Si'S (ltli clIt'llllCnt R fll'~~C'tll
1
1111( :1cl:11,1:1li1111 ile 1,, 1c,1,1 ; 1~ 1,1,1,,cl1c ,1,1 1:1l>l1i11 s',,clrt~sc s1,i'rlnle111c11t
,,11,c ll~11,1ilcs.
(fi7) S,,,11. 111, J81. - l .'tx111cs<ic>11 c rrjrf,r ln 1',>rn ,lrrril,e le ,los ~
l'sl l~1>i(111,111c11l l,il,lic111,~. Elle 111n1111c ln 11',elllc co11l1c Vnl1,, ri le 11,1,1i"
le~:, l.c,i. N,~11c'111('. ~11)l><'ln11I lt S(Jll\'('1\I ,,r~ u1ncl's clc Yol1,v. les r-tltJl'('S
cI lcs ,1,~111{;111,<'s cl'lst:,l, il1i1 : (11c,~ p~1r.s) Jc1;re11t Ta I. ol clerrirrc lc11r
,/,,.~. ils l11i1c11I lcs 1,1cl1,l1~lts <ttti n,r11issnicr1t > (Nl1. IX, 26). - Voi1 n,1ssi,
cl:111s 11<1l1t tc>II\(' Ill, 1,~ cl1opil1c s111 le~ J11irs ,ln,,~ ln Sc,ttrnlc V.
Il ~r111J,lr <111c rie~ .J11ifs se s,,il11l ~nlc111c11l livrs n ce prtil ~o,nntl'trc
<111i s':,,c,nil. r11 flll11ilivc cl 1111 l,c,n 1n1>Jlort, et <1111, ~,,,10,11. vi~nit n r1111,~-
1
<l,~1 le~ A1nl,<'s ,t'nvoir nrcs r\ ln 'l'o,n ; 1>nr Jnlot1sic 1>our lcttr privilge
1cligi~l1,c, l)l'lll~lrc 111f111c par t'('s1,ert 11ol11 ln To1n <1t1'ils csli111oicnl ne pns
clt~,,,i, (l1c, 111isc c11trc 1C's 111ni,1s clrs Aral>cs, <'crlnins J11ifs pr(rnicnl l,111
,,11tl1c elt~ so1ncllC's. I.e 1nlal,ir1 lrt11 rnp11cllc 'Ille Il' Cornb rontic11t l(t.
r1,~(i~11tr11c11t~ cle Y,,la,,i~, ri <111, lc!111 ,lcvoi, ,le l,ons .fltirs csl de foire co,1,
11nil1l' l:1 \'c'ril~. nt, li('II clc ln ,:1111,,11llr1 : c O Fils ,l'lsrnrl, rie ~Ol'rz ,,ns '"""
11(111ic1s :, t:11'(' inrr~cl11l('S h ('(' ll(JIIV('Oll 11\('SSrlf:IC. Ne ll'()(JUC7. J)(l~ 1ncs CIIS('i-
f,(IIC'llll'llls i, f11il,le p1ix. (~roig,,rz-~t,,i. Ne t1nvestissrz 1>ns la V~ril 011 1no~cn
(l11 1;-i,tt~. Ne lC'llt'7. poi11I seC'r~lc 1,, V1it, 0101~ qt1c vo,1s sn,cz ~ (11, 88-30).
!Il
Ptf()ll,\J\l"IED l~N f>f.l~IN ErANOIJISSEJ\IENT
nr1111,1,,11,,11s, lo11s le v. :J. Cl'llc r,,11111,le : Les J11fl,llcs

1,c ft,111 ,111e cl1s ,c,11jccl111cs >. (~'est 1111 11xi,J111r. nffi1111 clnire-
111er1l <l 1,.,,,,,1c111111e11l 1111 le 111l,l,i11 : les J11ifs ,ivc11t cln11s lit
l"e1til11,lc. 1,111,lis c111e les iclt>ll1cs 11e 1>c11ve11l fni1c qt1e tics
co11jccl111c's ; ,,,i1 sc>t11. Xl.1,,, 2:1 : c (Les i1111>ies) 0111 tlil : c Il
1a'cxisle ''''<',rlle ,ic..' i1a1111clinle. Nc>tl~ 1110111c,11s el 11,111s vivons
et Sl'ttle l;1 lnlnlit 11011s f11il J>1i1 l :t Ile celn ils 11',>11t 111111c
scie11ce. Ils 1,,. fc)ltl c111e cc,11jcll111es ; il,i,I. (il, (\7 : Qttc s11i-
\'C11t t:CllX fJt1i, c11 cl<.l1c,1s <le YRl,,v, 1)1ic11l ,les Associs ? > Ils
11c st1i,'l 11l (ftl(' cc111jc,~lt11<'S el 11c fo1111t1lc11I ,1t1 l1)'l>oll1ses ;
1 1
,c,i1 nl1ssi \'I, 11 l> : Si 111 f>l)is i, ln 1,1111>111( tle ce11x f(tli sonl
fit11 ln lr11(, ils 1,;~:11c1111l l<1i11 <111 (:l1<'111i11 <le Yt1l1,v. Ils ne
Stl\'Cll( tlllt' cc111jC't(111<~S (( Ill~ ft11lllllC'1ll Clll,ll)')>(>lltt's<'S; if>itf.
1 1!) : 1) " ( l I l I X l l l J) iC' S) : ; l \' l' Z- V(J l t S ( I l I C 1<f l I C' S ( ~ CI l C. C <1l I C V {>l l S
111,tts ex1,st1i<'1. ? \'011s Il(' s11ivcz <Jtlc <.~c,11j<'t'l111C'~ el 11c fu111111-
le1. <Jt1'l1~'l>l>ll1t'sC's . - c:etl! 11a111c f<>1111t1lc se 1cl1c,t1v(~ <ln11s
f CS S C) 111. 111C' S 111 l' CI Il C) S C' S ; \' ( ) l. ) f, 3 (l 11 C 11 Cl 11 S n V() 11 S (' i ( }>l l l S
1111111 ; ,,c,i1 111, fi8-f>!l.
Jl<t11 g111c1 l<'S 11111s11l1111111iss, les l11{i(l<'!l<'S ,~t les I l)'J><l<~1il<'s 11c
se <'r111tc11le11t 1,i,s cle fni1c tirs rn11ssts t'ClJ,ies clt1 <:,,1,1I>, clc les
,r11cl1,, i, ,il 1>1ix c11 les f11is1111l 11nssc1 tlr>ttt c,ai,clcs tle '\'nl1,v, et
,I') 111lcr 1~ ,1ni 11,cc le f:l11x. Ils c>11l i111ngi1ll~ 11n n11l1e st1nt11g~111e
1><>t11; l1011l,lc1 l's111i1 tlt ces 11111.c;11l1111111iss ,111i, it ll 111s ~'l'tlX, s011t 1
clcs 1e11g11ls ,is-:'1-,is <le 111 1('(igic>11 n11cesl111lc. A c,t<~ le <.'es

<'<>1>ics f1111l11isisl,s ,111 <:o,,,I,, les 1t'l)<>1lc1s, 1i11ttlillr't11s cl c.)1:111sc>11-
11ie1s clc l't;11cl<(t1r ,,,.,i,,c11I ,IC's l'ca11l<'S 1>l11isn11ls c111'ils ''<'l1cl<11t s111
ln 1>li1ce J>t1IJlic111r 1,,,111 cll(>t1111<'1 les es1>1its clts Cflttsli>11s g11,,es
cl11 111<,1ttl'lll. Il sc111l,I(' l>l'll, t'lt cll'tI, tfttc <.'tII<~ 11i1lic111c 11it clt'j:1 rtt
l'l)lll"S R Ill fitl cJ,, )11 )>('l <><ll' lll('l'((llUS<! : f>:tt'lll )es f f(lllllllCS, lei,
0
(ll'1111, (le Slic11tc', 11cl1t'le (le 1,l:1is:111ls (lisc1,111s J>(>tt1 t'g1,1c1 l1<>1s clt1
c:1,c,111i11 cle \',,11,,c ('I Jl()l)t f)l l'llclre ("e c:1,e,11i11 ('Il 11,illt~1ic (s<tlll'.
0
XXXI, fl). 11 11') ~, n11c1111r 1nis,>11 J>t,111 <r 11c les 111illl't11s <I(' l\l,;,Ji11e
nic11I CC'ss clc 1>111,1,lifl1 ll111 clc 1>lnisn11ls ,liscc1111s lt's (\llsci-
g11r111c11ls clt1 111l,l,i11, ,,11 l'Cttx <111P. l\l,1]1n111111ccl r<'J)<~l11il s111 c,1cl1c
cle s,,11 ~l11il1t~ ; il sr111l,I<', n11 cc,11l111i1c, <( l it~ IC's tl1,,ses ,,i,111 <1111>i1.
111ist111'c,1111c ~c c'<>11lr11lc 11)11s ,le 111ille1 le <:l1c111ir1 <le \'1,1,,,, > :
o c,",l~ clc celte lill(,1nl111C' g1i,,,,is<', <>11 voit n1>J>tl111it1c clcs l Xlr11ils
1
1
r,,lsifirs, cle \'( '1i11,l>lcs clc;fig11111liu11s ,111 (;,>,c,/,.

'l'"c,11l<'s cc's l11llC's n11l<>ttt ,111 J.. i,1(' ,les I\,l11li(111s sc111I l'i11<licc
<1t1it se 11osse <111cl,111c cl1<,sc ,le g111,c el <l'i11111cl1tn11l n l\lcli11c : cc
l .i,,1c Ill' lniss(' t>t'l"S(lllllC lltli(l't;l'('I)( ; ()Il Jll"('1)cl 1>11,li ()()lll ()li C()lll1c 0
l11i. 1~11 clt>il (lt~ lc111lC's l<'S >1,1silic,11s, l'111>c1sl(>li1l tl11 11,IJl)i11 1>c>tlc
ses f111ils; les t,>11,C'1siu11s co11li1111t'11I, cl cct1~ C(tti sc11le11I l'i11fl11c11rc
lc111 '(l1:1p1,c'1 011 111,,fil (le l\l<,l1n111111c,I gtti,lt 1101 le 111l,l1i11 s,,111
le11x (ltli s<,ttli,1111('t1l n,~c le J>llas ,11,1llc111 l'1i1>1cl <le celte lt1llc.
J.,A VIR A MRl>INE U5
l)c1>11is l'n11ive clc ~l,,l,11111111c<I, ,le :,011 i11sl1t1tlct11 jttif, et (111
art>tlt>l' tles 11111s11l111n11~ss clc J.. n J\lec(I t1e, le 110111l>re ,tes Cao)'Rnls
s'est <'<>11sil1nl,le111C'11I ,1cc111 ; ltl ,ic clcs 111cli11<>is n 1el1 1111 cll<lC ;
ln 11c>11vclle co111111t111n11l ,Il' cc~ 11111st1l111n11iss cl l,nclivil tic lettr
cl1cr sc,11t clevc1111s le (~e11l1e tl'i11l1t. C'est t111 fnil lts significalif
<(ttc, cln11s I<~ lol111-c,l111 le l\lcli11e, Ynl1w, ln 1"'1rn (le ~Jc,sc, le
Co,nl, c111i 11'c11 est <1t1c le <ltlt>lic:lln, cle111e111c11t ntt cenl1c (les ciis-
c11ssic,11s. I.."lsl11111 n1nl1e est (\Il 111n1cl1c. Il s'c>1gn11ise. Il se clfctl<l.
Il 1,tt11c111e. l\ic11t(>l il s'i1111>l,sc1u.
INrl'R()UUCrl'ION
J.,l? CO!,JJJAT DANS /.JE CIJE!,IJN 1)1~ YAII\VE

1
I.,<' 111l,l,i11 <le I .. n l\lec,111r esl 1111 i(lalisle CJll lravaillc de lot1le
s,,11 11111(~ i1 fni1e st1l>i1, c11 <111<1,111c S(>1te, le11r Exocle s1>iritt1cl n11x
l1il,11s 111:1l>cs, i(lol l1es et nr1i1cs, att 111ilict1 <lesc111rllcs 1n flro-
,,i,1(~11re J'r1 l)lnc. Jl,>111 les aT11irs, l'l1111nnnil est c11 ro11le <lctlttis ln
<:,:ll<ltl, ICJlt1is fJttc l'l1c-l1n111e, cl1ass <le l'E<lc11 par sa fnt1te, (\St
.1,,,l11t1 1111 Pl1e e11n11l (tti cl1c1(~l1e 1111 lie,, oit se fixer po,,r y viv1c
l1111s 1"i,l>(>ltfln11cc clcs l>ic11s IC'11cst1cs et l,nn1ili <livi11c. <:c l,111 11c
l><'ltl il1<' 11llt i11I <111c Jlnt le 1rjcl <les 4l<l1cs cl ln croi11lc <le Ynl1,vt'.
1
J.,cs g1s111()s 1,nt1in1cl1es l>il,lic111es jol,lnne11I 1t1istoire cle l'l111111n-

11ilt~ (11111s <~rlle 111n1c)1e vc1s Di(~tt. Al,1nl1n111 111orqt1e 1111c lnpc
(lt''("sivr, <.0111111c no11s J'nvo11s vt1 11rc<le111n1c11t (t. Ill). Mois h
J>a11ti1 clc l\lose. C<'lle 1nn1cl1c clc l'l111111nnit se co11crlise, se
1s11111C', se r.onc<'11l1e, <ln11s le 1>e111>1e l1l>ret1 et j11if.. E11 sccot1n11l
Je j,,,,g cl,, l'Egy1llie11, il n Rflf)tis ,111e le cl1e1nin cle ln lil1e1l csl
,,t1ssi lt' <:l1t'rr1in ,le YnJ,,,,. J.,'1111 11C' vn pas sa11s l'n11l1e. S'~ca1lc1
(((' 111 S(>lllllSSOll fl '"n)a,,, <~'es( so1li1 <fe Son cl1e111i11 ; <ltt tnf'.rne
<0111>, t!'rsl se 111cll1(\ i, ln 111c1ri ,l~s cn11e1nis ,le Ynl1,v <111i ~ont l<'s
111(~11,rs <)11(' c;<~11x ,I'l~111i~I; ln11l <l11 11oi11l (le v11c tcn1p<l1cl qt1e <111
Jl<>i11l le v11c s1>i1il11cl. "J,0111 I' ,\ 11cic11 T~sln111e11l 1nconlc 1n1>tl1crt-
tissr11t< c1f's rils <1'Is11,l <l,,11s tclle voie <le ln fi<llit n11 l)ie11 lJ11i-
,,,1c, "l'(,t1l-ll11issanl, C1nte11r (\f So11ve1ni11 .Tt,~l'. Tot1l l Anc('l 11
'1"<'~111111<'111 1'son11e <le l'nllll<'I n 11ln1cl,cr <1n11~ les voies <le Ynl,,,,~ ;
les 1,~1l11111<'s i1111>lo1c11l ,111 'l"1i's-l l1111l ln grl\ce cle ()isce1nrr srs voiC's;
les a"'t111<'S llicttsc~ cl1011tcnl lc111 n111ottr et lc11r recon11oissn11ce po111
relie J.,(,i c111i t,nce I<' C.l1c111i11 <le Ynlt\\' ; le prlitent qt1i i111plo1e
Je ll:11(1<>11 ~~111it <le s,<'lrc <~rn1I~ <lt1 C11emin ne Ynl1,,,.
l.,<'s <c,1n11isn11l!-I q11i n'<)tll jn1,1nis 111 les livres j11ifs ne 11e11ve11t
Jlfls s,,,,c1i1 c<'ln. Ils ne pe11vcnt 1icn com1>1f'n<trc n cc q11i se pnssc
n11 11c,lin7. C'n celle 1lre111iC'1e 11.oili <l11 VII sicle, pRtce q11'ils
i~11,,1r11I <111c le l1111~i1g,!, les c,c1,1<'ssio11s, ln pcnsr, le~ senli111cnls
11
1eligi,,11:,c, ,111i s t1,lcnt it lo1,gt1et11 c1e versets dons les Aclr.s ,fr.
l'l ..;/0111, scllll 11n ln,,J.!ngc. (les ex1>rf'ssio11s. 11ne pc11se, <les se11li-
111('11ls, s1)(\t~irir111e111c1,1 .it1irs, Cftlc 1'011 rcnconlre n'im1lo1te qt1elle
J>1tg(\ clc ln T\il1lf'. r.esl (11,11s ln 111cs11re oit Isrnl mArcl1cre AV<'C
consti111c~ (1011s le Cl1cn1i11 <le YRl1w, ,111'il entrera (Ions 1a Terre
'()~
J, ISf.A~I All,\UE EN ~tAnc:11t: - LA GUEnRE
J>1cJIIISl' Clll tc,111( 111, CIJ lllrlllC

1
< Je lni[ cl le lllC) >,
(ClllJlS qtlC
ln 11(lt <li(,11 cl l',1111ifi ,li,i11cs : .Je sc1ni lo11 Oic11, cl 111 sc10s
1
111ta11 (lc1111lt\, (1). I . C' J>f'l1f>lc jttif t<'sle lottjllt11s le pctlJlle <le
\"nl1,,, c'c~f l,ir11 ln )lt'11src 111 1nl>l>i11. l\li,is sc1t1~ ln con<l11ilc
cl'ls111iI, l(ltlll'S lrs 11nlio11s cl()\'('lll rl1c n111c11cs et ~tli(lres (ln11s le
(:l1c111i11 clc '\':111,,. 1,111l('S ,l,1i,,c11t osr1vcr ln c 1,01n, (Jtli est
l>i1<.'l'Ic)II tI l~11111ii1r ~ (S,,111. \', -18). Q11n11cl 011 n C(llllf>tis CJtlC
lclttl teln rl:lil 11, 1C'glc clrs .J11ifs, l>ie11 <les siclrs nvn11I (Jtte les
Arttl)<'S 11'c11 f11sstr1l i11sl1t1ils, 111 lt~clt11e <les Acte.1 clc l'J.~tn,11 ne
111l's<11ll 1>l11s cle flill<11ll esse11liclle. Il (ll~vie11l 11n1fnil<'111enl i11t1-
1
tile ,IP ~l' l111111111111e1 l'i111ngi11:lli,,11 C'l <I<' tltt1111c11lr1 les lexlC's.
ll,lis,,11s-lrs ('lll'f)l'C' IIIIC r,lis, ('Il ll(lla,,I flll flllSSttge IC'tll' ('f)llffll'1l1I(~
:,,,< 1:, llil,lc, l',!il-:'1-,li1c :1v<'<~ le (:c11n11 l1t'l1t<'tl, sc11I (:()l"tll (11i-
1~i11:1I .
.J11s,111'1111x clt"l,11ls ''" l'i11sl11llitli fi f\l,li11c, li, g11c11c sni11t~ >,
1>t1111 IC'a;; 11111"11l111:-111i~Ps, 11't;lnil ttts nt1l1e <l1,1sc (111'1111c jcl11lc <1111-
lc,i1r t.c,11f1c' I<'~ i1l1lnlrt~. 1.. (' cc1111l>nl <ln11s I,! (~l1c111i11 ,I<' ''11l1,v
('Clllsisl~ l, flC'lllC'lll'('I' rc1111c cln11s ln foi ('Il Ynlt\V(' cl O cssn,'('I' ,le
,i,,r clr 1l11s t'll 11l11s :, 111 111n1,iP1c j11i,,c, srl<,11 l<'S ('11scig11c:1,1r11ts
clr ln 1,11:, >li 111 (:c,1111,, tftl ~<ltll l:1 ,,c,ic ,l1c,il<', le S<'lllC'I' clC' tl'C-
lil11clc (s,,111. X\'I, ~l) : A "\rnl,,, i11rc,111lle le J)1c,il C:l1c'111i11 >.
c:.11"< 111i 11r <1,1ic11I 1ns 1111 .,11gc111,11t clPr11ie1 s', . n1le11I <I<' l'e Cl1c-
111i11, 11l,11sl~s J>:11 lc111s ,,,,11,trs <~<111jrcl111es et l'Alltnil (IPs l>ic11s
l<'11r~l1rs : \',,il:', I<' lc1111c clc lr11r s<' <'ll<"C f 1~11 v~til~, l<,11 Sc'i-
1!111 c,a111111il llt'II CCllX (flli S(' S()Jll ~gn1fs ,le SOII (~ltPllli11. cl il
C"()lllJ:II l,ie11 ("t'll'C f(ll S()lll ,1:,1,s ln 1,011,,c J)i1c(lio11 (SC)III.
1. . 111. JI). 'l'f)lll ('(lllllll(' I\Ic,sr, <l1,11g j11clis clc C()(l(l11i1c l('S llrla1r11x
1l1111s r,, (:l1C'111i11 I<' ,n11,,,~ l1<ll'S clc ln so11ill111<~ cl<'s i,lc1lc s, 1\l,,l111111- 1
11\t1I r~I tl1111,tt' ;111,i,1111,l'l111i 11r11 ''nl,,v - rl 1>n1 lt~ 1:1l,l1i11 - (le
,.,,,1(l,1i1c les ,\1:1l,es nt1 ,,111i l>ic'tl <'Il st1i,n11t l'cxc11111Je cl<'s .ft1irs
(2). Il n111111rli('ltl i, t11nc1111 ,le 1i,11,111cl1c1 l l(( 01111el, <l 1 l'ltlc11,l1e ccl
0 \' l ' 11SS C 111 C' 11 f , t l 11 (<>, 1t J10 1l 11 l l ( \ , 1)<l t 1 0 t 1 11111 ' 1\' tl S, ~, C' S ( ( f >11 V
,,11{1<l1n 1111 .ic,111 cl<','11111 Oif'tl (le sn cl~risi<111: Q11ic<111c111e vc111-
cl111 r1111111111lr111 I<' c:l1C'111i11 ,,r,s s<111 Sci~11c'111 (s,1111. l1XX111.- lfi,
l!J>. Sc,il 1r<1,1111i1ir.~:,11l s,1it i11g1i1l. N,,11s n,,,,11s cc111cl11il (l'Jlc,111111c)
1
cli,11s lt' (:J,,,,1,i11 ~ ; l'll()IIIIIIC 11'1, ,,ns t'lt~ ("l't'(~ 1111111\'IISI et f)ictl s'<'sl
s11llsn111111e11I 1111111ift'sl 11,1111 <flic l'l10111111e J>ttissc c<>1111a1t1c Ses
,c,ic's ; e11 tc,11~(,,,,1<'1tcc 1 l'i11fi,llc se1n llt111i l'i Il' 1,,,,,, 1~cor,111l'11s.
(,,,i1 sc,111. I . . XX \'I, 2-3). (:c,tcs, crl11i (111i cl1r1(lic Di<.'11 le l1,1ttvc1n.
(I> t:1(.'cl1icI, XI\', t 1 : c 1\i11si l;1 ~laist,11 ,11~1:1fl 11c ~'l1,i~11r11 1)111~ ,le
~f,ai, clll' Ill'~(' ~11ill,1n 11111~ ,Ir lttls ~r!'; 1>c-l1s. Ils sc1ont ~1011 1>c111)IC cl Je
~t1:1i lt111 llic11. ,,1:111( ,1,1 S1i~11r111 \':111,,t" >.
(:!l t~n,,,,,,. ( '11 : c Il (\":1l1,,) n 111:111ifts1,, srs V,1irs n ~lsc. ses (Ct1v1cs
tltl>t (11fn11I~ rt'ls1~~1 >.
1..8 COMOAT llANS I.E Cltt~MIN Dl~ YAII\V 1()3
s111l,)tll s'il l'sl J111111l>e ; il fn1tl lc,11jo111s se (Jrie1' (le I',,1gt1eil fJ11i
1i~c111c' cl'rlc,ig11er ,le l)ic11 n111s qtt'l>11 l'o l1ot1,,, Po11r rester cl,111s
1111c j11:-il(~ 111>1,1ciu\ic,11 cle ses 1111ilc's, l'l10111111e cloil se so1tvr11i1
s;1r1s t,,sse 111e IA f(> est t111c 1s11llnnle (le ln collnl1orotion cli,i11c
cl l111111ni11c : si l'l1tl111111e est n11i111 cle IJonnc volo11l, il 1er(ltt-
11itil1n ll'S ~ig11es clnlnnls <le "\'nl1,v <lans sn C,nlion, et il ~cngr,-
g<'l'lt ~,,,. sc,11 Cl1e1i1i11 ; 111ni~ 1>n1 oillct11s, celte l1onnc <lisp<>silio11 ,le
l.1 ,clc,11t ~sl <lj ltne g1c<' ,livi11c ,lont il fo11t rcn1e1cic1 Ccl11i
1111i s:lil lc,111 cl (ftli ,li1igc lo11t 1>or sa Sngcsse i11finie : < flt1ico11-
'l''r ,t111cl1n, lltp11,110 1111 C.l1e111i11 vrrs son Scig11eu1, n1Ris vcltt~ 11c
\'(lll(ll'('7. ((ll'n11ln11t (JII(' Ynl1,,P. V()tl(ltn. E11 vc1it, "\'nl,,v esl ()lllllis-
(i(, 11 I <' 1 s ;1g f , l > (s,, 111 J., X X V 1, 2!l-:lO) .
t~,sl-<'t' 111~ 1111~ 1111,c 11~,lic11Ifln j11iv<' J~
ll<lllS c11le11clr,11~
l:'1 "! l~c~11c,11clrc i, l'111>1>cl cle llictt <'sl 1111e gtc<\. f\t11is y 1>e1~v1e1 <'Il
<'si 1111,, :,1111~ : c I .. c rn. 111 <le l'l1c,111111c cl1crcl1c sn v,,ic, n,nis c'rsl
1
,,,11,,,,~ t111i 11ffcr111il S('!-1 \'clf'S > (P1c1v. X\'I, !)), en, il 11'cst flns
l1111j,1111; r:1<."IC' cl<' 1ctfiisl('1 lltlX Sf>lficilolic>ll S ()ll llOIIS Il'l'lll J1cll'S
cl<' l:1 lc,1111<' 11,11lfl, <'I 1'<,11 11 c (11111>1Jc flns it lit s111vcill:111<'C' j:1l,l11sc~
1
1
(1<' l l ic t 1 : ~ 'J, (, 11 1t' s 111 r s (1 1,, n ,c 11,, ~, 11 1c s c o 111111 i l > (. Jo 1>, X X111.. 1(l) .
1~11 ,,1il<~, (111111 fils, 1il )(> 11,l,l)i11 ;, 1\lol1a111111t'c1), llll Sl ig11<1r1 1
,~I l1t'~ i11sl111if clc <"<'ttx <111i r1rC'tll loi11 cl<' son C.l1e111i11 el 11 <'sl
11,s i11sl111il clc cc11x ,,11i S(llll cl:111s ln l>o1111c clircclicln > (scl111 .
J.,X\'111, 7 ; l~lll, 31). nit'll ,,~cl1n1lllC h ~Oil rcgn1,1 : Srignr111,
,,>11s 111, s,111l<'z cI ,,,.,,s 111e C(11111niss<>1.: ; vo11s 111c co1111nissez ,1,11111,I
.i' 111':1:-is'<I!; ri fJt11111tl jr 111r l<'vC'. , ,,11s co1111,1e11cz 111cs J>CllS('CS (le
1
li11 ; ,111:111,I je 111n1cl1c t'l c111n11cl je 111e ro11cl,e, vot1s ol>sc1,,<'1., f'(
\'(tllS r.,i(('S :1lle11I()II n lc>tllcs lllrs ,,,,ics. Q11nn(I ln 1>n101c 11'Pst )):ls
f'llt'1>1c, ~;111 IJlfl lnlll-:IIC', \'ClllS ]n C'fJllllflSSC7. <l~jn fottfe ~nl(\l'C. 1)1\I'
(l<11ii1(' tI 1,n, ,lcv,1111 ''()IIS 111'f"lll(>lll't\Z, V()IIS f)(lSCZ s,11 lllO Vflll'('
'' 1:' i 11 '> ( 1)s. (:XX X ', 11 I' 1- 1) . J ' rn t t l R C C1l' ri C,. ( 1C ~ 0 i -11 l (' l l l r t l l l ( ' 11
rils, 111 l:1 1,r1ssi<111 (t~n1(\ ,lu f:l1r111i11. N11l 11'r~I ns~111 clc s'y l'11i1
s'il 11r ,,ril't' nllC'11ti,,P111r11t ~,,1- s,,11 ccr111. \.(lllS(li'tc l'<'xr1111>IC' clC'
11fl1c, s:1i11I l'<l J)n,'i<I, si cfl<'l>1'<' cl1111s l'l1isl c,i1c cles Jt1irs ; ri'Jc\f>1c
1:11 l;1 111:1~11iri(E-11<r ,le s,,11 1-g11c', 111nis n11~si 1>n1 ln ,,i,,lr11c<' Il'
s''i 1111ssic,11s ri 1>n1 l<'~ 11ccr11ls s11l,li111cR cl ~Clll rc1,<'11lit: 1\fc,11-
lic,1111<' 11cl1c sc1vilrt11 11:lvi,1 si 1>IPi11 <le fr,i(~ cl lo11jo111s c,, 1er,r11-
l:1111<' . 11 tl<'111n11cln 11n1cl<lll i1 so11 Sci1,t11~111, lc,111l>n 1>rostc111c~ el
,,i,11 ,', 1t',si11ist'<'t1cc . 0 1)11,'cl I No11s l',1vo11:i-i fnil lcl1:llifl' s111 ln
1111<'. 1\11,il,e <'lll1c lC's l1,l111111cs 1,n, le 111oyr11 ,le ln '',it~ 1 Ne
s11is 1i1~ 111 flns~i,,11 <nt clic t'(~~n1r1nit loi11 c111 Cl1c111i11 ne )'nl,,,,l~.
Cl1 <r11x fltti s'gn1rnl l(>i11 <111 Cl1c111i11 <le Ynl,,v 011t 1111 l<ltt11,1r11l
l('t1il,lr t'fllllltle 1,1ix (le cc Cftt'il!i ont 011l>li~. 011 .Jc,111 cltt .J11~e111e11l
(~c-.111. XXX\1111, 1'1-2). l~e Psnl111islc ne clisnil-il pns : 1011s le~
:-;(11lir1s (t,, Ynl,,,, ~ont n1110111 et \'til po,1r f111i ~nr(lc so11 nllin11l'( 1
('( SC'~ l'l"(~CC'tllcs ? > (Ils. xx,r, 10 ; LXXXV, 10.. t t) ; et le 11ro1,l1ilc

1(1l
1.. rsr.A~I Al\,\UE EN ~IAll(:IIE - LA GUEI\I\E
ll:1111ll1 : Si t11 :,,r,is 111nrl]1 <l;111s ln voie clc l)ieu, lt1 l1n!Jiterois
,1:111s ln J>t1ix J>c1111 1,,11j>t11s ? > (ll:11. III, 13 ; V<lt Isae, XL\'111, 18).
f :'C'sl tc1lni11. l\1<>11r1111111,\cl ! 1(11s 11c>s p101>l1lcs l <>11l c11seig11,
1
lc,11lc lt\ 1c>1u, l'l~l1ilt11,~, le (:c>rn11 tic l\lc>sc l'nllcslcnt : ln voie <le
llic11 e:;( ''r1i(r. ~ <:,11x l(ll ntll'(llll lt~ 11fi<lrles cl SC ~<'fOll( cn1ts
1111 Cl1c111i11 tic )':111,,, 11<>11s lc111 i11lligc1011s lc>t1r111e11t s111 lt>ur-
111c11l ~ (s(,111. X ''I, !l(), l tf;).
1'oi, l\lul1n111111c(l, l11 (~s clj s111 ce Cl1e1ni11 flcf>t1is <Jt1c l11 as
r111l>1,,ss l'i~la111. 'l'cs Cflltlt>nl1i,1lrs i,lc1lf1lrc'S s 1 <ll>sli11e11t rc11ser
le:-- sig11cs <le \'nl1,,t\. Ils le rnillc11l, 1cft1sc11t le t cot1lc1. Qt1n11cl
1
1~111 (lit : ))1,,slc111c1.-,c111s tl~,n11l le llicnfoilet11 1 > ils 11,on-

fll'nl : Qt1'eslCl' fftlc le llie11frtilc111 ? No11s 1>rosle111c1t,11s11011s
s111 1(111 ,,1<fre ? ; <'l rein ncc1c1il lcttr 11111lsic111 !... (~0111-. XX\', 61).
Nr le clt~t,,t11:,.~C' ,,:,~. 111c111 fils : n1>t>t1 ic-loi s111 le \'ivn11I f(lti ne
'i,,t11:,il r11(,,11i1 '> (~X\', (i(l). l~t J>ttis. 111 snis l1ie11 <ttr'il 11c 1IC't>c11cl
,,.,s clc l<>i clr rt111,f"tli1 1,111s les l1,,111111es. f:e sr111it 1111e J>rlc'nli,,11
i11sc11st"<. f 1,111 1,I, (si sc11lr111f\11I <le 1Ptllr1 n11x J\1nl>cs ce <111c
1
jt l Jl()l)f'('llcls s111 11,>t1c 1,,flt~ 1(,)igi,,11 ; 111 11'1ls l"l'll l':111l1c fi f11i1c
,,1,r 1],, l<.'111 1,1,,1111'1
1
lrs sig11C's 111P1veillc11x 11n1 l<'s1111cls 1)ic11 ,,
11t:111ifr~lc~ s11 l 11iss:,11,c s111 le 111ot1<lc, nfi11 <lt lrs ntll)l'ler (l:111s so11
1
( :11(111i11. l t,1111i Ir:; ,.,t1il,111rs ri ll'S f11cs tic 1:1c~t', t11 es le 111C'111ie1
l,,11t'fi,ini1C' <le ,t l\:1111,c'I ; <.'esl t'll lc111lc clni1v,,~:111(c c111c 111 lrs
i11,ilcs i, le s11i,1(' (~c111. XII, 1(l:1, 1()1, 1()8). CC'rlc's, il)' c11 ,, c1t1i se
f11111r11I :', l'l~cfifi,:1li,,1, ,l11 11ic1,f:1it~111 ; ils s',,toig11c'r1I cl~ S<)ll (:l1e-
111i11 C'I se t1,,it11I l)ic,,1 g11i,ll;S, :1lc,1s (fltC' sc11I le <:,,1n11 ._.,l11c111il nt1
,l1c1l (~l1c111i11 ~ (s<>t11. X\'lf, !)) ; e11 f:1il c'rst le J)c~111,111 (ftli esl
lc111 g11iclc > (,,,i1 sc,111. X(.,111, :l(i-:l:i). (:'csl l11i c111i 1>,11e 111 \',it le
f:1t1s'lrs n111l:11e11,<'~; (,,,i, XX\'11. 21 ; XI . . I, :l()) i1fi11 (l'1lJft1illr1 lts
l1c1111111<'S (11111~ 1111c' 111:-111,nist' cli1C'<~ti(,11. l . c>1s<(tt1' lt'S i11ficl<'IC's fe
1,111111<'111 le lc1s (1slC't1sil)IC'111c11t, nvc<: 11111ris, l11s11'ils l'i11s,1Jlc11l,
l1,isse-lC'~ f11i1,,, ~1<111:111111,rcl ; 11e te clt'cc1111ngc~ 1,ns. Ils s'gn1C'11f
cl:111gC't'C't1sr111c'11t : ils n(' 1ct1011,,<'1011I 1>as Jc111 (:l1c111i11, <111 c'est
,:111\\'(' l11-IIIC"'111t' 'III n lllS 1111 \'(llc st11 lc111 C(~tlr cl llllC riss111c 11
,l,111s l('111s ,,,cill<'s (,,1ir sc>t1r. x, 1

11, ,t7-fi2). Ils vc,,1Jc11I rc11cl1c lor-
,11<1,~e l;1 ,,,iC' ,,1,i 111<-.11e ''ni,,,,,~; l1111s cr 1,,11, ils l11i c1,11111e11I clrs
t~g:111x (XI\', :l, :l!"i). llr111n11clc-l<'t11 ,lo11c, it l,>11 1,1111, cle 110111111<'1 ce~
11ss,,rifs 1 '\pnl,,,i 11c SC' ct,1111,1it 1,;1s tl'~n11x 11i ,I<~ 1ivn11x, 111nis tes
,,,1lt11,.lillc111s 1,s <,,1111ni~sc11I ; f(lt'ils r1illc11l ,lc,11(~ c11 ,1<li1t<'I" le
11,,111 tl,,,n11I ,,,1,,,t<~ cl f .. 11i 111>1a1e11,lre ce q,,,11 11c stlil t>ns ! (J11c,Jle
1,,,,1,cill, <l1C'1i l\lec,111ois I flr11l-lte nl lcz-\'C>tts i11vr11le1 1111 11011-
,ca,1 ln11gagc 11,,111 i11st1t1i1e \rr1l1,, ? r.lnis 11011, 111011 fils ; 11'<'t'c>11le
,,ns cC's J-'l'lts-l:'1 ; ils se 1101111issr11I ,l'ill11si111s ; ils 0111 l~ ~<~n,ls
lt1 C:l1C't11i11, t'I ils l',,111 l 11n, )'r1l1,v l11i-11~111c. {)1, celt1i q11c
\'nl,,, ~n,c 1>111 lllt11itio11 t'sl (ll;se1111>nt ; il 11'a })lt1s n11ct111 rlircc-
ltt11 (vc>i1 ~<111. Xlll, :l:l). (:es i11ri(lfcs 11e s11i,,e11t c1t1c C<>11jcc.l11rcs
J.I~ CO~lllAT DANS L~ (:IIE~llN l>E YAII\VE 105
el 1ie f(1111111IC'11l (fll,ltyf>()ll1i'scs ; ils s'garc11t loi11 litt Cl1c111in lie
\'itll\\1 l' (,1 <>i1 S()lll'. 1\1, 116-117).
S'il fnll11il, t<,11111,c le f,>11l 11(1s gro11<ls corn11isnnls 1 ntfril,t1er

<le ll'ls cliscf,t11s i, l\f<1l1n111111<'(1, Jl<>tts sc1ions <>lig <le rcc(>nnnil1c
<1t1c cet J\111l>c s'est ,Jinl,l<'111('11l e11j11iv > ; il scrnit 111111e l>e11t1-
tc,111, 1,l11s si11111le <le co11clttrc <ttle l\1(1l1a1n111etl tnit jt1if I Co111-
111l'11t 111,s s:,,,:111ls si plci11s cl'._;r,1clition, 111nis irrf]c11is, n'ont-ils
J>:1s i111111t~fli=1tc'111cnt 1cco11n11 celle pense et ce vocnl>ulnire ? J'en
1cslc c1,11fc111<lt1. Les inficllcs s11ive11t tin cl1e1ni11 to1l11eux, 111nis
li, S(lt1111issi(l11 n Ynl1,, esl t111c voie <1rc>ite (so,1r. III, 41), c'est 1111
1
(:l1<'111i11 (lr ll(\clilt1e (so,11. XI..,, 11), (lisent les Acte. de l'l.~lc1n1. Ln
1
)Jil,IC' 11t' flntle pns tit1l1c111er1l : Ynl1,v est le Rc1c]1cr, so11 11,1c
<si 11:,1f:1il(', cnr lo11lcs ses vc1ics so11l le l)roit. C'est 11n Die11 fitlle
cl s,111s i11i(111il~. 11 csl llcclit11,I<' et Jttslice , (l)c11t. XXXII, 4 ; Vf>i1
,J(,ll, J, 1, 8 ; Ils. XX\7, 8 ; X<:II, lfi ; P1ov. XX, 21) . ., Drc>ile est ln
1,111,tlC' fic \':,la,,,, l<>tlll'S ses <l't1, 1es sc,11t V1it. Il cl11it l1, jt1stice
1
,,( '(' ,lr11il ~) (1 s. XXXIII, 1 ; (:x,x, 1:17 : lsne XX\'I, 7). C 1"cs
1
,11<'s ~,,111 ,111,ilcs; l<111s lf\s _j11gr111<11ts sc,11( Vril (l)n11icl, III. 27).
l ,cs , . ,i<s le ,p:,11,,, s(,111 (lt<l<'s. f .,rs j11sl,s )' 111n1cl1P11l > (()sc, XI\',
10) ..le 11'('11 fi11i1nis 11ns (le cilc1 cles 1f1e11ccs i, l'Ancir11 'rist11-
111l'11t, :111 (~<,1:111 l1c.''l)1c11. l\lnis, 11l11s e11co1e cr11e ,les Jn111l>rAt1x ,le
,,11,:1s<'s ()li ,1rs <lrc<l1111ng<'s i1 <'<l1111>n1C'1', c'est to11l 1111 cnseigne111e11I,
l<ltll 1111 ~s111il, f(lt1le 1111e ,,it (lll 1111 slylc le vif', ')tic 11011s lrot1vo11s
l1,11s 1:, l\il,I' t(1111111r ,l:111s IC'111 111itir11 ,11igi 11i1I, cl ,111c l\(1t1s 1el1c111-
,,,,11s tl:111s l<~ ,\,fr.~ tl(! /'l."l,1111 S(IIIS Ill r,,1111c cl'tlllC ))l'l~<Il'llli(,ll (lll
tlJlll( l l1 l<'S 1\ 1:1l><'S i1 ln l'C>tl,'('l"!-IClll titi jt1<)ns111c, ('l l'll 111r111c le11111s
1
SftllS ):1 f(tl'lll(' tl'lllll' c)11,lllfflt(' ((ll l"n<'Ofl(C Jrs J>rti11lics fl(1 CC'lf('
11,,1si(111. Il 11',st 1>21s <111(sli(,11 clc 1cl1011vC'1 l,>1rfr ln l\il)le ,ln11s
lt's .-\cI,.~ ,Ir /'l.~/,,111 : 111,,is lc,111 ('C q11e c<,nl<'tlll<'ltl lt'S Arles, -
s:11,r l<'s 11lt''111i<ft1rs 1111li-cl11t~lie1111es el les v11P111e11ls ,,,op,es t',
1.-,, l\l,,,111c' (' I i1 l\fp4Ji11c - , s(' t( lrc,11ve (ln11s la l\il>lr t'o111n1e11l(~e
1 1
a, l'a,icl<' ,111 'l':1l111lt<I, clcs l<'g<'ll(lts j11ivrs, cl ,l11 fcJ11tlote jt1if. N,1s
fi,111c,1x ,1t1<lils ,,11r s,,11vt'11t 1111l'l"lt cles si111ililt1cles ,le lexl<s, n1nis
ils s'c11 st,111 l11111s lt1. Ils ~c11t 1,r1sss clcvnnl c11x <'<1111111C' clc, n11l t111e 1
~11l<1i<, l'l\g:11,l,,111 1:11>i<lc 111<'11t I tl'1111 <cil clisl1nil. JI~ np :-;011( 1,11s
1
' 1111. l's C1: ' ,, s I n 1, () 11 l i (111 C ; i I s 1' ' ()111 1) n s s Ot 11, es 0 t I V e ,. l 1C JJi V 1C
clr111s l<'111c'l t'rs lcxlrs s<>11I e11tl1nss(~s ; ils 11'clnl 1>ns 111<lil ; ,,,,
11 c 1, <' 11 l r,n s 111 <; <1i I t' 1 ~ 11 c <>t 1 , :111 r. 1~ l I' r11 <~ cl c t <l t I t c e I c n s <' i g 11 e 11 1c 11 l
l<'t11 :1 i<l,111,1,(;. C:r1l:1i11s c.'1iv11i11s, t1lR 101es, 1111i 111nie11t 11ns ,1,s
t1iti,1l1ts, 111ais ,111i <)Ill 111 l('S 11,lt.~ ,IP. 11.(ilnn, i, t1nver~ le111 vnslc
t,,1111:1iss1111((' ,1,, la 11il>lc el cl(' 1:, lill~1nl111c j11i,,c or1t p1csqt1e to11-
tl1, tl11 .l,liI l11 ,1ilP .. J. el .f. pl'l1:111111(I, 1>1t1)011l clc l\1tll1n111111<'(I, 0111
tlil : 1\11,is c111'n1111il-il il 1i,r s'il 11'ov11it e11, 1><lt11 l'i11s1li1e1, l'es111it
jt1ir '! Jt:t 111(' 1eslc1J1il-il <l11 C.c>1nn, si l'on s111>1>1i111nil lotit ce <111i
,
'' ,,; 1... ISl.,\1\1 AIIAOI~ EN AIAJl(:llli - LA OUEl\l\B
(si l'1111,11111l(~ ;, 111 Jlil,lc'? > (J). ltn1t><l,111I <ftle, tln11s Jp t>ttss, t>lt1-
sie111 s l1il>11s :,,.,,,)ts s'~lnic 11l (l(~j:'t c.,,11,<'Jlics nt1 jtt<li,i'3111c. les f1-
1
1ts 'll1:111111tl 11j(1t1lrr1l fftlc 1i('11 11'<'1111>cl1c (le tc,1l<'CV(>1 t111 .J11if ,le
1~11ic j111l11~n,1l l",\111l,ir tc,11( <'llli~1c cl e11l1"11i11n11t it sn s11ite
1
,
ll'S t,il>tlS .1,, cl,;S('l'I, ("()111111(' nlla,i( r:1i1c l\l:1l1<llllel > (1). (:r .r,,ir <le
i~,11(", t\(l\1" 1lr1,r111~ r11 n11c1111<' 1>ci11c :1 1<' 11011,cr i1 l:1 1,J:1<c cle
:\l<,11;1111111< ,I; 11,11s l"c,,,1,,,1,l,,11~ lc111I 1111 lf,11g cl('S ,1,fr.~ ,/, /'l."l,111,. J. . c
1
11:,l1,1r l\l1,l1n1,l1,1t1I ,,1,,illll'll i11r;lllnl>lc clc 1i1~ 111 1\i)>le, 111i 11'l11l
1:1s C'lll1,1( f1n(l11i1,, r11 n1,,I<' n,1 11111111<'111 oi1 11(111s c11lc'11,lcJ11s J>t"o-
,111111<'1 11()1\l" ln 1,1ct11i~1t' r<,i~ i, IJtl l\lcC'(IIIC 111 l1n11stc1ltl;11l{'"t' 11l>Sf)-
J11c <le ,011,,tt, \l 1:, 111c-11,1("C' fl'1111 .J<1111 lc11il>lc 1<1111 l<s (lc,l:il1c!i
,111i ~'c,l>sli11<'1,,11l ,J:111~ 1'111 i,,,,,i,. 1
lf.. l,c 11n11,,1r- 1\1(111:,111111,ll\'f)IIS Sf)ll lllllll't' .tlr, 1111 clPS JllttS
~:1:,,1,1~ cl( l:1 ,li,1.,11,,,.,,. l\l,111:1111111"1 ,C'11:1 sc,11 1">1(' se 11c-..i~,t1. l .. es
11,,.,,.t1111:1li,,1,~ 1l11 1:1l,l,i11 11",1111 11:t~ ,n1i. Il rn,,I 111111'11<'1 i1 l'r1,lc1-
1:tlic,11 cl11 s,,111 ,1:1i l><'tl l<'S J\1:1l,c~, ; il f;111I lct11 i11t11l111c1 le
it1<l:11,,, . 1\1~,i" l:1 c1l1111111111:1l1I,'\ cll'S j11tl11st~s s'fl1111l c'lt'llltlt' ,,1 1c11-
1t 11 c i:', ) ', , 1,.<' l 1i f :1 rl 11 <' i 11 , 11r ~ ,\ 1; 1 1n 1r t o 11 f t l l ,", IC <1<' 1.l1 1\ f '<(1t l C
,1,~f:11,\r ,illc ~ni11ll ,1rs 1\1nl>t's i~l:1111s<~s, <l l:1 1,,,r111>11lic111 ,le
1
,., 1( :11,:, (1l''1:,1," 'l'c\1111t1t' (lr ,:,11,,<~ l'<'x<l11si,,1, ,le 1,,11l<'s les
1lc>IC'S. f .l' 1: f'(JllJ/>rr/ <ftlll.~ /, t/11'IIIll (ft l~al1111r '9 c()llS('l'\'C'l'II, ("('J(C'S,
,,,,,, ll"llC'1'I s1li,-;1,1e\l. 1,1ni'i il ,,:, s, c111l1,tisr1 l'Xl1ic111<'111,11l cl:111s
.,,, ,r1il:1l>l1'" ~!IIC'l'tt'S, 1:1zzi:1s, (:,;11,,,,,11ll1,s, 1lc111l I<' l1t1I 1(li~ic11x
''''*' '''' g:,gr, tlt' 1t '("t'llll\('ll"P ,,1,,,.,,,.,1,, )lll\11~ lts 1llll!,tllllltlllS('S ()Ili
0
"') lt",c,11<'111111 ,,111,s cI ltiC'11s. l .. 11 g11r11r ~:1i111,, > i11:ltt!t11l'C' i1

1
1 :, (\(,-, . ,,,(' ,,",'lt,i1 Il;\" li'('" lll('\l\'l1il1(' ; l<'S ,,,<,j,tlil('S ,,'rl:,,,,,, .,,,c~
1l 'i , f'I'""'" ,111 , :,>,,/,. l\f11s ,,llt' (">11(~11:1il ('Il gc,1111<' lt' 1(11111,,,t
1
,1,,,, . .
/, ,:,,,.,,,,.,, .,,. 1,,1,,,.,,, ln 11111,, it l\l()l'l C()tllt,, ((ltl~ ("('\IX (Jtl s'tlflllli-
,. , .,,,11 1111'\ lttll" ,1,~fir1i~ 11111 I<' 1r1f>lli11. ,:,, ,,,,,11l>:1l S<'1;1 c,1~:111is,; s111
1,, 111,1,lc'lc tic 1(1111,," Jcs g11r11rs s:,i11lcs cl,l~111l. J><,111' i11c"lr1 les
11111c;11l1111111is<;s i1 <'f1111ltrtll1c>, le ,. :,1,1,ir, ,,:, lc11r il<'I' l'<xc1111,lr ,111
11c,111i1 1,,i c11"1ti'I. li 1t'l1, i1,,11il jn111nis 1,:11ll i, l.a, J\lc<(ltl('.
1
'
1\l:1is :111j1l111l'l111i l1 ~l<',li11C' .. il). n <Jtt<'l1111e 1111nl(lgt' e11l1(' cC"1lni11s

11 :,ils ,Ir l'l1i~(c,i1,, Il' ~,:1iil c'I 1,, silt1:1lic,11 Ir 1\lfll1;1111111C'fl. f:111,~s<~ cl,,
,l1c7. l11i a,,.,.,. 1111 c,1l:1i11 11c,1t1l,1c' ,1r t"(t11,r1lic;, il S(' ,,,it :1ssigt1(1 1>:11
l1 t:11JltII l;1 III~!',flll tll' 1'(1<1111'11('1. cJntlS Sil vill<' fi )11 t,~lc' ff'IIIIC
l\i,\11 st1,, ('(\llr lll'lll(.'(' ''(' llf'lll r,,,.(' (Ill(\ ,i,,1,,1C'IIS('., ,,.,i~i(fll('
1
:li ll\1'('.
'('"' 1';11111,~1' tif' ,~:,Il\\'(~. J\J11q J1, l)l'C'III~I"(' ('Xfll~l'<'II("( cltl 1:1l1l)II cl11(
t\11 t' 11""~7. tl('l"c\1111lt', ri 11' ll()llll>tc tles Jltlll1llllS fl\'llll cl\' l't'llll\lll'l<'l"
,,,,. trl11i <l('s ,:tll111tt1x g11c11ic1s 1 1:,111 <Jlt'il s':1gi~s:1il tic f:1i1c clcs
(:,l J I J. 1,,,,,,, 1,, I ,, l'11l,~li11t, 'tl. ,\11li1,:1, l':,1i" l~l:\ll, Il, 111.
( I) ll,itl. 1. 11 l
1.. E C01't8AT DANS LF: <:ltEMIN DE 'YAllW 107
J>l"()_icl", ,Je, 1>11JnJ,1c1 st11 la 1,1,1<l1i1i11<' ex11ct<lilic,11, les fnnforo1,nn,lcs
:1ll:1i,,11I l>c,11 t,nin. A11 111t,111C'1ll (le l,ncti<llt, l<1t1l cc l,cnt1 1t101,clc
l<1,1111,i1il i1 tttii 111l'llX 111ie11x. f\fnis Ynl1w les n rc11f1s I I~rottlc.
l\Ic,l1:,111111<<1, 11'1,s-llt }lOS 1e111t\l'{Jt1 cc t1nit (le 11ol1e l1isloi1e (f>) .

:~ li. ,1':1s-t11 1><>i11l ,,,, le c:(>l1S('l ,les 1-'ils l'lsrni.il 111n11<I, 1><>sl-
1ic,111c111t11I J\lc,~C', il lil t', 1111 tle lt' t11s p101>l1tes : llsi-
1~11c-11c,11s 1111 l'fl I llClllS rlllltf>nf fl'(lllS (1,111S Je f.l1e11tll IC
,:,11,, 1 > (Cc 1,1<111l1l~) clit : S'il ,011s ~st lltcscril clc C<l1l\-
1,c1t l 1<', Jlo1111icz-,<,t1s 11c )J11s c<1111l,nll 1c ? - P<,t1rq11oi >,
0
l l l 1i 1t' 11 t - i Is, J1 c L' <) 111 I >n 111 i cJ 11 s -11 o 11 s Jl n s <1n 11s 1c C1, l' 111 i 11
, ( \ , ,. ,
(lt' \';1l,,,,, nlt,1s ,,,,c l'fltts :,,,,,,1s t <'X(>ttlss le 11ol1c l1nl>i-

l:1l r1i11si fJttc 11,,s fils ? (l\Inis) Cflllllltl il lc11r c11I l 111es-
<1i1 ,I( c,>1111,nllt('; ils 1,111111p1e11l le <los snttf 1111 11elit ll<l111llt'C
1
cl <'t1l1e <'ttx. \':1l1,, cc,1111:,il l><~ les Jnjt1slcs (S,,111. II).
,\ 11 l 1 1111:1l,Jgi,, : c'rsl 111 ,,,,111ii,1c r,>is, ,1111s l'l1isl<>i1c clcs A ,n-

J,r:-;, ,,11'1111 i11cli,icl11, s:,11s <(lll1lific11li,,11 s11cii,lc, est cl1c,isi 11i11 1111
1:1l1lti11 1c111, rt,c ll\S i, lct11 ltc l\\l ll()lll ,le Y1,l,,,,, })0\11' les 1111i1
SClllS !,flll ("ClllllJl:lll(f(lJlll~11I, ef 1>1111<'1' fi Jit llOllVf'llc COllllntllllllf(~
:1i11si 1,11111(.'l' 1111c st111lt,11e Jl<>1iti,~(-1e1igi<~ ttsc <111i nvnil l,lt1jc,111s
111:111cr11c~ :111x t\1:1l><~s. l\f:1i~, 1,<,111 l'i11sf,111I, IPs 1icl1es iclc1lt1cs, 11'111,c1-
<c,,:11,I 11:1s <11tc,1p 1,,111 le 1>:11li 111'ils J><t1 1111ic11I li1e1- te <'tllc
silt1:1ti,,1,"I 11 t1>ll"~IIC~lll ,,:,~ 'l'lll'S St\l'('tlSlllC'S lll('lll'SOllts i, (.'(' ~1<,l,t\11\-
1
111('(' ,111'1111c 1i,l1<' j11\'f' 11 li1 (111 111i.i.;sen11 l' i ((Ili, e11 cl~fi1,ili,,r, Ill'
tlt>il "-' (( 1>1111,1<lli,,11 St)tii,IP 1111',,1,x .l,1ifs. f .,Ps 1i<11c's A1nl>es 11>tl-
g11c'11I :'1 1cc,,1111:1il1~ <111clcJll<' :111fc,,ilt'~ it l\ll,11,1111111<'<1. l .. c 111l>l>i11 :,
c11t,,111l11 1c111s ,.l;f1,:<ic111s l<'s,,l1ligc':111lt'S, c'c'sl 1,cl111111,,i il ,lclllll(' :',
0
l\J,,l:1111<'11 l:1 1,,,,,,11s, cJ,,~1i11( 11fc'l'III1 SIi ('(lllVitlicltl l'l S(ll\ l'()\l-
'(' .,
1:1gc'.. (,11sc111'il :;ig11:1lt' ("(' l1:1il clC' l'l1islc>i1e le s,,iil :
~ 18. l . c' l 1 1,,1l1C'lc ,Ji( (:111 (:c,tts<il clts l~ils fl,ls1ni;I) : '\'nf,,vl' \'CJtls
:, c,1,c,,c, S11iil <<111111t' 1< ~. -- <:,,111111c r1l S11iil nt11nil-il l:11
I' f l ~' 11111 i~ ~ 111' l l ( l 11 S ~ , 1'(.~ l, <>11 ( 1 1't' 1l ( - j )S, Il ICl l '~ ( ( \ t C l l ( l l l S t I V c)' \ ''
1lt1s ,11,,il fJttf' l11i 11 lit 14,_\1111ll' c'I <111 ' il 11'n 1111s 1'('<_'11 ~1:111clP
l:,,~~('SS(' ,Ir l,it'11 ? ). - . \'nl1,,r l'i, C'llt ~,,,. VOllS . r,,c,11,lit
(f,,,,,. 111c,,,l1rlr), ,,, il l11i tl cl(>IIIIP. ,,,,,~ <If' g11111cle111 (<111 1
;,
,c,11s). 1,c,111 f'P c11ti lc,11cl1c' l:1 stiC'rt,r c'l le <~c,11,s. )'11l1,vt~
lc11111c' s:1 1c,~1111l il c111i Il ,c11l. \'111 1,v csl lnrgc t'l il s:1it
1c>l 11 ~ (s c>111. 11 ).
(;) <:tll1 1,11,-xi,,11 l:1i~"t'11,it s11JlJlt,"r1 cfllt' Il' 1:11,1,ir, n,nil 1nc1,11l l'liic;-
lt)l't clt S:1iil 11:11,s St)fl <:(111/,, ,111 <lllt' ~lc>.l1:1111t11ccl nvnil l>ll crt c11tc11,l1c 111aj1,-
lcs f,,i" Il tttil ,, ln s~1,ng<1g,1c.
J()8
1. ISl.,\~I All:\IIE EN f.lAnc:118 - LA GUERnB
~1'11 ,1,is, f\lr,l1:1111111l tl, 11f,l1e 1,1e111ier 1oi na 1>ns t 111ie11x

1
n,c,1cilli cl1e1. 11c111s <111e 111 11c l'es 1,ar les f1res (Je rnce. On a
(,1,jetl l,1 pn11vrrlr ,le ~n fR1a1ilJe, l'l111111iJit ,le sn nnissnncc. l\fais
c'lnil 1111 110111111c s,l,i<lc el c1nig11n11t l)ie11. I .. n crni11le <le Ynl1,v
,sl 1111e <'Xcc]Jr11lr 1,~f(lr<'11cc po111 ro11<lt 1i1e les l101n111cs ; c'est ln
1>1,111i<'1e scit'll('t>. l~I <ICJ>t1is <les n1111e~ je t,nvnille le t1011s111ellre
<elle ::;cic11c(' r(1r1l<'l)tt<' f1n11s 110s s:1i11ls ).,ivres. f\1oi11tc11n11l 111 con1-
111c11c<'s h tre 11sscz i11slr11il pc111r 1,renclre ln lle 1c les col1il,11les
rl f11i1,, ce r111r. je l'i11(lir111erni J)()ttr nss11re1 Je t1io11tt>l1c ,l11 cttlle
,fe \"11l1,,~ s11r cc111i <les ,,,,i11c~ ifl<1lcs. ~fnis 11c le <lco11rnge J>Rs.
,n11,, snt11n 111n11ifC'slt'1 ,111'il l<~ S<>l1lic11I. Ecot1lc l~s si~11cs 4]tt'il
clc,1111n f'll fn,c111 clc Si,iil ... l~t IC' 1-:,lll>i11 1nco11lc 1t1<'l<111e~ l1nils cle
l'l1i~t,,i1c le S11iil, (lesli,1cs ll lll()llll"CI (flte,1 fncc <l,e1111e111is 110111-
l,1~
et 1>t1is~r111ls, 111nis i1111lics, ''ni,,,,,\ snit lc11111<'r 11, vi<loi1-c h
1111c 1>clitc n1111t~<', f ftil,Jc 1,n1- Il 11c>111l>1c cl 1>n1 les 111111f's, 111ni~ forte
1>n1 s11 r,>i. A ('Cs sig11rs 111c1,,eill~11x c11 fn,,c,111 <1(! Sniil, le 1111>1ti11 1
,,n,l:11,1 l'1,l,c,,1.1:,11(C~ lll(lIIS S(lllCC'IIX le ptcisi,111 J1islc>ti,1 llC ((lie
l'il1g11111c11li1li<,11 ('(>11,11ir1~1,11tc', 111lc 1111 1>etit 1>is<>(I<' se 111111>or-
l;111l llllX l'XJ>lc>ils clc (itl~~()Jl, Olll<'l"C'lll' n Sniil. AJll'(>S nvoi1 rn1>-
11)1tr 1:, ,i1l,,it,, ,Ir~ l>l\'in lc1111i11e (0111r11e
il n (c,t1l11111c clr I(' r:,ir l(>1sc111 il vic11t ,Ir. c.ilc1 11n l1nil li1r. (leR
1
1.i,1s S1,i11ls : \',,il:"1 lrs ''!Jn (<~'< sl-n-cli1c les ~igr,cs) cle Ynl,,v.
1
Nc,1ts lt~ l(\s ,01111111111ir11011s lt\'C'<~ 111 ''f1il > (Il, 2fiil).
,\ i11si ,l,111<. l\l,1l1n111111ecl, tt() I<' lnissc ll,1s <Jttsog1nl>lc111c11t
i1111,1!-~i,,1111f!1 1>:11 ("<' (JIIC' 111 ,,,lis et ce q11e 111 C'11le11cls. l.1('S n11l1~s
:111<"'>f1rs <I<' )'ni,,,. ~. \'(ll111s l>C'll :1,11111 lc>, 11',)111 flfls t l1nil<'s tic
111('llc111, 1111111ic'1,,. 111 ,c,is ,IC's 11r,ll1c,11s, 1<'s <"cl11n1ls, (IC's l1~'J>n-
c1ilc's 1,1ls i, le f1:1>1><'1 <l1111s le clc,s, clC's l><l(>11i11s 11,icles le l,111 i11
111:tis 11l,sC'11ls cl<'s ('(>1111,nls, (lc's 1ill1C'S l1<>slilcs, ,,1gt1c.'il(,,11x el 1l<~i11~
,fc, lll(JJgtl<'. r nlic11cf'
1
1 '\'n)l\\' IIICl(tll c)c l'c,1c)1(' C'II lf)lll Cf'ln, ett
,l,
1
1111:11,l lt, ,i<lc1i1t i, c-e11x <1t1i le' sttiV<'lll. (J11t' ,l\'\ie11tl1nit le
111r,11,le, s'il 111 i-1,,il ,11111<'111c11t? tJ11e i111111e11sc ((>11t11>Ic>11 1 ()1,
,,,1,,,r 11e lrsi1c 1>:ts 111 J)Cl"ll! <111 lllOll(IC. Il est 111ist~1icc,1,liet1x :
Si Y,,1,,,.,~ 11c 11C'11l1,1lis11il 1>11s 11nr 1>111lic ,lc!-J ll,l1111lt<'S

1,n, 1111~ n11l1c. li, lr11c SC'tnil <'(J11,,1111,11c. l\fnis 'l',1l1,,, est
llit,11l<'t11 clc 111 Jt'11\c111 1><>111 I(' 11tf11 , lc (Il. 2fi2).
1\t.,J>ellc clf>II(~ 1111 <11111111. (:c,111l,;1ll1c l(s i11fi,Ji'lt'S cl:111s Ir (:l1c-

111i11 cl(' ''nl1,,,~. ,.f'sl c11111l>r,tl1c les s111>1>ls <111 l),~1,1(>11 ((\', 7R). lli<.'11
' 'i 1.t C() 111111 C j C \' () l Is 1', 1i (1l' j :'l e Ils C i ~ 11 ~' ( 1i 1 1C n 1, 1) i Il n 11 X A r 11 1, (.' s'
"' 1,,11s l<'s C1,,,1,11l" i,,>111 c11 Pn111<lis ; 111ni~ les C<lt11l,nlln11ls ,ln11s
1
,,(:l)r111i11 fi<'. \11l1,,(~ sc,(lttl 111('tlX tl,lcs cl111,s ln l1i1n1cl1ic
tlrslc 1 > (1\', !J, O; 111, 1!)1-l!l!>). Il est l>ic11 110,11111I c111c- le~
. :,c,)'Ollls (Jlti c ("C)ll1l,:1llc11l tl(' l,111s ))Cll S cl <le lc111s J)Cl"S(JllllCS
LB COP.IBAT DANS f .. li (:JIEP.IIN l>E YAIIW tou
ln11s le Cl1e111i11 (le Ynl,w , (Xf.,IX, 15) 0Llicnne11t dans ll'S frais
j,,1(li11s (111 l,arn<lis t111c 1n1t111ralio11 st11>riet11e celle des
(~1<,y1l11ls c1t1i 11'n11ro11l t>os 1>01tici1> aux co1111Jels I Q11anl nttx i11fi-
clles cl nttx lfypoc1ites. lt-l0l1n1111ne<I, le11r 1ef11ge sera la Gl1en11e.
J">ns <le ttili 110111 ettx : c Co111IJnf~-lcs <lt11c1nenl > (LXVI, 0).
Ncl11s r1<lt1s ncl1e111i11011s ai11si ve1-s t111 islo111 co11q11rant qui, ntt
cl1,n11, n t1<>t1v sa 1,11issnnce clnns la fc>i in.ter1se <lt1 ral>bin et tians
s011 g11ic (,1gn11isatet11. l\tais l1i(\11lt, il fatt<l1'a a11t1e cl1ose q11e ln
foi, 1><lt1r 111ellte e11 l,1nnle <les cln11s viva11l dons l'aisance, 011 des
l1il,11s 1,c,11 <'ltlf>t'<'sses n 1is<ft1c1 lc111s I.Jiens et Ja vie <le le111s 1nc111-
l,1e8 ; l'isl:111l sc1a 11c11,11ls, cc>111111c 11(,tlS le ver1011s, J>nr l'nt>f>ttl
flt1 l,11li11, 1111is t>nr l'cs1>1it <le <lo111i11nlion, j11sq11'nt1 poir1t oi1 les
l1isl<>1iC'11s, 1>1c11n11t le 1eJni clcs A<le. ,le l' l s/<1111 qt1'ils 01,t si pe11
t!o1111,1is, cs,111isser1l le lrtl,Irnt1 ,les 1ivnlils sn11gln11lcs co11sct1tives
n li, 111()1'1 le l\1c>l111111111ctl.
l ... c ,:01111,,,1 ,I,,,,." /,~ <:l1r11,i11 l',1/111, 11c (ll'l"(l111 j11111l1i~ so11 ns1)ect
~1>i1il,1c\ cl i1lli--1iet11-. 1\1:tis- lcs 11tt--ssilts (le l'i11str,111nti,,11 (le l'islt1111
t'll ,\,nlll' ,t,111 lt1i (J,,1111c1 1111 n11l1t~ se11s, 1>111s ct>11c1cl et J>c,lilic1t1c;
le sc11s tl'1111 v1ili1l,ll! t<1111l>:1l i1 111ni11 n1111c, J>(>t11 <'lnl,li1 l:t !-.llf>t-
1111,tie ,lt~ 111 1cli~i(111 j11i,( c111i cl<>il i--li111i11c1 JlOl11 lot1j,1111s cil~ celle
<,11l1~t le 1><,l~tl1<is111, <I le t:l11isti:111is111c, t<~ (lc111t'I" l,1111 1,lt1s
. f 1:l 11 g (' 1 (.' 11 X 1)(, 11 r. 1(' .i 11 (1:1 s' 11(', - - (. 1 1, :' l. ( ~' l l l s (~ (111 e 11 l 1)1l I s l'
1, 11( ) 1. 1. - ,
111,? le.~ 11,,l~tl1<'!is111,~. J:,, c:11(~1, tc,111111t' le tlil lt (>. l~:,111<'11s : Sn11s
1i11lt1,c11li,,11 I< l,l:1111, .it1ils t'l ,l11i~lit11s 11t11:,ic11I s:111s cl,ltllc fi11i
1>:11 se 1>111l:11t1 l',\1;11,it'. (:('Ile~ (\\'('lllllltlil IIC ll(lllS 1211i,il llllS ll()ll-
,.,it t-1,,, si1('ll"t'lll('III ("()llltsli > (fi). t:11 t(sliltllllll il l'i~l:1111 SIi
1
(
1
,,1il11l,lc si~11ifi<:1lic,11 j11iv< ffllC 11,,t1s ,vc'l(' c~c,11sl11111111C'11l 111 lcc-

1111 clts ~ ,t(l,~ ,/, l'lsl,,,,i , 11ta,1s 111cst11c111s le vt1ilt1l,IL c11jttt <le 1
l1 l,:11:tilll'. l>:111~; 1< t'l)llflil cll'S ~1i,11tls C'lllf>i1c--s 111i s'11(1,,,11l11ie11l

"'''' ls 1i,,,1~rs c11i,11l1111x cl,~ l:1 l\lt'clile11:111t',', I' 1><)l)ll1t;is111c 111cc-
111,,i"' 11'11,1,it 1,:1" cl( 1~1:111tlf'S ( l1:111tts ,I<~ s,11,,ir, st111s cl,)cl1i11,, s1,11s
0
11 1f ) I' i 11(.' (' 1 S : 1 11 S tl 111 C' , r: l ( "(' (11 j 11cII I S 111 ~ (' ( J\ l 1 (' f 11. i S I :l 1l i S 111 (." f .. C' 1. l l ] )
, l1i11 clt 1.:, 1\1<'<''1'''' :1,:1il ('Il 1,,,:111l11gc clt ltisscr Il' J>1f'111i,1 :, l':111;1-
'fll', <'I l'l1:1l,ilrlt' cl, sl' s('1,i1 cl11 11,1111 ,l',\//,,I, ,,,,,11 f:1i1,, 1>:1ssr1 l<':-t
.\ 1:1l>c~ clc till1,is111t' ,(1s le-- 111c,1clll1ris111c .ittif <.c,11<1t!list~ cln11~
):111,,(' (). (:('Jtf11,J:111I. SC>I Cllll'r'l>lsc flll(lS(<l)flll(-. llC r11I ]>IIS tic
11111 l'f'J>(>s, ri 11,111s :1,,,11s ,,,, ,1,,j:'1 ,.,,,1sl:11,,,. ffll(\, si 1~ 111,>11,ll1,'is111c
0
j11il' ~,1g11c ,l11 lt11:1i11, l'l1t '!~,,111<111it j11i,(' 1( 11(c)11t1e 1111,, s,;1i,~ttsc
1 1
11>c,sili,,11 cl, l:1 1>:11l cl<'s 1\ 111la, s, ,,,,,,c,sili,,,, c111c Ir 1illll1i11 c11lc11cl
1
)1ie11 t,,11lc>lll'IIC'l ('Il fi~:111t Slll' 1\l,1:,l1n111 l'c,1igi11c <le l'lsl:1111 IIICC-
0
,,,,,,is. A 1. ,1 J\lr,(,lll', le ~,1,snt1l n1:1l,r n11li-j11ir s'l SI l1:1 1 lt1il ,,1,1 l'cx- 1
111lsic,11 I,, l\lc,11:11,,1,,,,cl ri l<'s llt"<111ic1s j,1,lns<'s. A l\(c\(li11', fltl ln

t,,1,11111111:111((~ j,1i,,, ('~1 l>('flll("()IIJ) t>ltls l lll)()t'l:11,1,, Cll("(tt~ ,,,,;, 1.n
f\l,t111c", )(' 11,l,l,i11 c1r11I tl c,1g:111ise s11 <'c >11c1t1(1(' s1,i1il11clle. Il s'c111-
1lc,i i, l'c,1.~:111i~, .. ,. s111 ,IC's l,1,sf's 111111,<'s; S(ltl lt il-111,,liv: ()l,c\iss<'Z 1
i, ,,,1,,,.l~ cI i1 l'A1,,",11C' > <'c>11lic11t ~11 l,1i-111111c l'1111li-jt<l,1s111c tics

\r:1Jac'S flll \(t1f,~11I t1 11c S(llllll~ fi ,:1fl\\'~ Sflll!i (>1,t~I' :lllX .J11ir~. ).fll'S-
1
'f 11r 11,,11-.. ('1,11"ictc1c,11s 11sln111 ,lt'~ J\ 111l>cs n1>1i~s ll"l'7.c siitlt\s (l'l1is-
lc,i1C'~ C'tl t,l,sc1,1111t t'l' fflt'il csl 11clvc1111 tll'!i Jt1ifs clt111s tc <'(>11lrxlr.
(fil Il . J.,~1,11~~". S ..1.

:, 1: 1\l 1. f. (' 11 r. 1). r. 1.
/.',l,,,t,;,. 1,i,lr,,l,1lr ,,,,,,,,t ll,:!1i1t. l.cs J11irs
() Il. Z\K.,1,1,s, 11~1.1111 ~11l1c111isr j11i,t, 1. 1. ,,. 32-:JS.
I .. E CO~tOAT DANS 1.. 1~ C:IIEMIN DE YAIIW 111
isl11111i,111c, 11011s 110L1s <le111e11(l011s 11nl111elle1nc11l co111111c11l l'ins-

1111<.~lc'ttr <le l\1(>11n111111c(I n-t-il 1111 c.0111111ell1e t111e si 111011t1111e11lnle
l,i'v11c, <Jtte l11 J>lt1pn1t (les .J 11ifs le ~l<li11c se111l>le11l l>ie11 avoir Jltcs-
sr11tic <ls le <l1,n1I. 1~11 cfel. les .J11ifs <~<>ltl f>loiC'tll se rc11,l1e n1oi-
l1l'S fics A1nl,<s, lt 011 lnt<I, 1>n1 le set1I je11 <le lc111 s11p1ioril
i11lellcc.~lt1<lle cl lct11 se11s <l<'S nfT:1ires ; il n'tait nl,sol11ment J>ns
11t~<~esst1i1~ tic l<'t11 c<1111111t111iJlt<'1 ln 'l"o,n, le. Co1011 sacr ; c'lnil
1)1c1f,111l'1 le l . i,1c S11i11l ; c't'lltil j(~le1 <les 1>c1lcs <lcvn11I les 110,cs.
S111 le 1,l:111 11tllilic111c, les .Tttifs nv11icnl 1nis<lll. Ce ne fut 1>ns le 1>oi11t
t,
1t' v t 1<~ 1l 1 1,1J1J>i 11 <l e Ln 1\1cc c111 e. C e <1<' 111 i e r en vis n g c o j t J) n r- <1ess s
t,,11l le 1,l:111 1lligie11x ; 1>0111 l11i, )'l1gl~111onie jltive <levnit s'c11st1i-
,,,-~ Jll't's111(~ i111l<l11111f i<111c111c11l. l\l:1is lo1s,111 ' il s'ov1n q11r. les At"O-
J"s 11'tt(,,,,t('1:,ie11t j:l111;1is <le' SC S()lllll(~l(1c O Ynl1,,,~. Olt Jllt1s exnc-
ll'lll('tll 11':1tt,1,l<'r11ic11t j~1111nis l:1 1cligior1 jt1ivc si l:1 c<111<lili(>11 si11r
,,,,a,,,,,, ,1~\:1it {l,e Jn clcl111i11nlic111 jt1ivc s111 l'A1nl,ic, le c11<>ix 111
1:1l,l>i11 rt1I \'le f:1il; il 1>1i~fc'1tt S<>ltsltitirc l'11l1lo1i( n11~ jt1ifs, l>ltt-
1(>1 ,,, , .,,, l'('ll()ll('Cl n ll(~t1lc111c1 1:1 1eligic>ll jt1ivc Olt~ A1nbcs ; cnr,
1
si l('.'i J\1;1l1<'s 11':1\'itic-111 1>11~; l"('\~tl ln 1eligic>1l j11ive. t(,t 1,11 ltltcl, ils
S(.' S('l'll('III flI~ <l11C.: lic 11s. Il <l(lllll:l cl(JllC l'rttll(ll il R ~lc>l1n111111ccl,
1 1 1
' ' C'<" lrs ,,,i11ci1cs 1eligi,t1x clc l:1 '1'01n ; el 11011s pl>t1vo11s C(>11sli1lc1
:111jclt11,l'l111i, c11 l!)(i~J, c111e c<~ 111l,l,in ft1l le g1a11cl vni11,111ct11 <ln11s
l(,111,, ( 1 11<' 1i11:,i1P. : 11:,1lc,11l oi1 l'is1t1111 n1nl>e n t>11l1. il n fnit
t'<l1ct i111 ( J11i~;li:111is111c. J>c1111is l!l sicle~, les 11111st1l1111111ist'S, i11lo11s-
0
ci<11ls, tc,11li11t1C'11I (l'"~l,<' les i11sl111r11e11ls clt1 10l,l,i11 tle r.,,1 l\lecc111c
<l:111s s:1 l11llc :111li-cl11i~I('1111r.. l><,lilic111c111c11l lil,1cs cl11 j,,,rg jt1if, ils
sc,11l 1~ligic11s<'r11e11t <'lt<~l111i11s <l:1,1s ln JlC>ttrs11ite cl'1111 l>t1l cl <ln11s
1111(~ c,1g:,1ti.":1lic>11 ll1<,c1nli,111c' clt)11l ils 11c sont 1,11s les 111t1il1es. (:c
111:1il1,,, 'c'sl Je, <:,,,a11, c'Xtlclc'111r11I les c Aclr.s ,le 1/./,1111 > cc11111l<)-
sis 11:11 1111 .i1if ', <l<s fi11s l>ic11 ,,,ttiscs. 'l't111l (ftle tf! liv1c! lr111<'tt1~1t,
l:1 <11:111,, 1<)II(fltc cl'1111 J>Cll(>I<', f'e J><'t11,lc C<>111111c lei <lr111r,11r11,
1
1'<1111(~ :'1 l l:,,;111gile ; vc1il lt1 g1n11<le rttssile (le l'i11><>l1c jt1if tic J..,n
1\ ) c~ (. (Jtl C
l\frtis 1'\'('ll(lll~ 0 I\Jr(Ji11e ()li Je 1nl>J,i11 SC (lf11111~ l>Olll' 01gn11i-

Sl'I' 1:, 11,,11,tllc' c.t,11,1111111:,,1l 11111s11l111a111is,te. JI vn sn11s <litc c1t1c c'rst
lc,11j,111s l:1 c,,1111111111i111I~ j11i,,c: 111i l11i sc,l (1e 111,,<li~lc; il 11e so111nil
1
)' r11 i1,1i1 <l t1l1l1c ,la,11s 111<111cllt "\',,1,,, sc,il 1>t11s cl 111ic11x l1,l1101i'.
1
,,,,,,,,~ <'si 1,1,rl<llll 1,1t 'SC'11I. ()11 J>l'lll C'l ,>11 cloit le 1>1ic1 e11 lot1I le1,111s
0
tl ,,,, 14,tls lic,11x. l><'t1 i1111>c,1lc l'11ltif11lc co11><>1clle si les ci1c,,11s-

l:111<s 11,, 1>t't111C'llc11l 1,ns clr se liv1t'1 flllX 1,1,>sle111nlio11~ ,111i ~(>t1l
l'i1llil1r(lt' 11,1111:1lr <Il' l'nclo1t1li<>11. c l~11iles l,icr1 vos 1,1i1es: c11
lc111s tr1111,s ; s111 vos .in111l,<'s (lll 111011l~s, q11011<1 V<lllS le~ e11 (ln11-
g,1. 1\1:,i" lc11s(111c v<111s l<'s r11 sc~t.111ilt~, 1e1,1e11cz le~ l>l1111es l1r11Ji-
111lc's. l>1-it'7. Ir ln fll\"Cllt (lllC Ynl1,v V<>tt~ n n1>11ise > (11nr 11101t
i1,t,1,,,,:,1;,,;,.,.. (~,,;,1,,,,,,,1r,1l) --- cl c111e vot1s 11e co1111nissicz J>ns
112 1.. ISI .. A~( AllAOE EN J\fAI\CIIE - LJ\ OUEnnE
llllJ)OJ"nvn,11 (R) : c'csl-n-<li1e, Jll"CZ n ]u llllllli1e j11ive, (lcl>Olll.

i11cli11<~s, >tl J>I'(lslc111s.
I. . ~ 1nl>l,ir1 n ir111><>s nt1s~i nt1x 111t1s11l111aniss le jei\11c ,lt1 1n1nn-
<lnn. 1..-es .Jt1ifs l'c>J,s<1vnicnl n,'ilrtl les A10J,es, en s011vc11i1 <111 f(\ntJ>s
<ftt<. l\lc>sc J><tss:1 s111 le Si11ni <lll il 1rttl la 'J"orn. <{lti e~t l)i1ectio11
J)C>ltt le 1111,1111c. ()1, le tlt)Jl cle cc l ... ivrc ntix Atnl>es t)tlr le rnl>l>i11
lllBJ"(Jlll~ le J>ltls g1"tllln1:,l,lr <"l:Jt1i (l<)s .l11ifs 1cceva11l ln 'f'o1i1. Il c<>nvienl
clo11c cle le! <.tl<'l,1r1 clc l:1 111111c ft1~-,.,1, selo11 cc ftle Yal,,,, o 1>1es-
cril : Cllte 111n1c111c flc 1cc<a1111:1issn11cc el <le J>il<! (loit l ... t1i l1e
111n11ifc slc n,cc l:1 111111c J>tlisio11 et ]es 111r11es lol1n11ces :
1
Sc>t11. Il.- J!). () ,,)tts (J11i c1<>)'C'zl lc Je011e v<>11s n c.~(c~ 1>1csc1it
('f)l11111<' ;1 :, ''lt; l)l'('SCl'l ("CIIX <III ft11e11l :,,,:1111 \'()1,s, (l'Sl)-
1:111( fjll( 1 ) l)('lll-t,e \'()Ils 8Cl'C7. J>CIIX.
18(,. (.Jc1111c7. l<'s j,,11,s c.<>1111>lt'S 1 ( - 1111 11,,111/11,~,Ir j,,111.(j ,1,~1,,,._

/llr"ltr.4). ( :tllt <fll. t>:,1111i V(>llS, 5 (~111 111nf,1,lc (Jll CIi \'(1y11gc
(jrt''111,1:1) 1111 llf>111l,1c (t'gnl) <le j c>t11s. A C'l'llX fJtti 1lr11vc11l
jei111<1 (111:,is IIC le~ f<>llf ,,,,i11t) l)C()ltll>c tlll l ll(!ll11I, 1:, IIOlll"-
0
1it111c cl'tt11 1>:111,,1(! ; 111ic<tlt<fttc fnil ,c>l,,11tni1c111c11l 1111 l,ic11

(J>l11s g,:111,I), crin csl 1111 J,i(Jt J><> tl1 lt1i fl,t"111e1 est 1111 laic11
1>ot11 \'(ttlS 'si \'()IIS \'()lis II'(ltl,'CZ snvoi1.
181. (l..,c 111,1is c1t j<'C.1,c) est le 111ois <1l~ 1a111n,li111 <l:111s le,111cl c,11 ,,
,, fiait cl(s<r11,l1c l:t llv<~lnljo11 c<lt11111f! lli1r<!Ic>11 1>(ltt1 l<'S
llc>111,11(s t'I lrs P1<~t1,cs ,le ln J)i1r<.~lic,11 et ,le ln Snlvolio11.
(lt1ic,,11111c vc-11n cle ses ~et1x lt1 11ot1vcllc 11111c, <111'il j~fi11c
tc 111,,is ! (:rl11i r111i, 1>111111i ,cltts, sc1n 111:,ltt(le ,,,, e11 voynge
(.i<'fll)('(':l) 1111 11()1)11>1'(~ (~g:,1) <l~,,,,11(~S j()lll"S : Y11J,,,, VCtll f)Otll"
vt,tts <I< 1:,ist' et tl<~ \'Cttl 1ns clr. g~.11c. Acl1cv<z ,:elle 1,,ic>llc
(cle jt1i11,) ! l\l:1g11ificz Y:111,, 1,n1 (g1t1lill1<1<!) <111'il v(t1s i1
,li1igi's r flrt1l-t1,~ scrcz-,ot1s 1cco111111issn11ts 1
1\ ln 111i,1c i11 njo11lc l',,l,lig:1ti,>r1 (l11 Jl('IP1i-

1111
11:1ge. lli<. 11 c,11,,,1,111, le t>le1i11i1gc 11'csl ,,ns 1111c c1nlio11 ,le l\J,,l111111-
1
111ci11~ 1111<~ ct<'nli,>11 (lrs .J11ifs (I<' 1~11 l\lc<111e, <lll <llt
111l)l>i11. l\l1,is, ,li111c; le 1>11111 <fe ccl11i-<i, J.,n 1\lec((tlc cl li l{r,'l,,1 ,l,>i-
,e11t (fcvc11i1 le cc11l1c 1cligic11x (le l'A1nl,ie, ln 1>i<'<~c 11111il1<'ss<' ,I<!
l'lsln111 (ftli <lr>il s111,1>la111le1 le 1>ol)ll1c;is111e el t,,11ffe1 I<~ cl11islil1-
(8) So11r. Il, 2:Jo 2-1(). 'T(lit tlll~Si S(llll JI(, 188 : C ((:c,1,c clf)llPS tl'rSJ)J'il)
0
,~1,,,i

i1111,lorc111 <lclt(lttt, :lt'Ct'(1t11,is ,>tt <'(1t1(l1l-~, (il~) 111l!<lilr11l ~t11 l:1 rr()a-
lion ,les rit"11x ,I ,1,, ln tc11c .. >
,,
LE. COP.1DAT l>ANS 1.. 1! (!IIErtllN DE YAIIWE 113
11is111e (ln11s ln J>11inst1le n1nl><[t1c. C'est lot1jou1s da11s ces 1nmcs
J>e1s1>eclives <t ttc le rnl>lli11 fnit 1c111011te1 l'i11slitt1lion du Ple1i-
11nge n Al11nl1n1n :
Sc>t11. XXII. - 27. Et (1nco11lc-le11r Mol1e1n111e<I) q11nnd Notts ln-

l>li111cs, 1>ot11 Al,1a)1n111, l'em1>lncen1e11t tt "1,c1n1lle, (en ltti
<lisar1l) : c Ne 1n'ossocic ric11 1 I>11rifie l\1on "I,e1111lle Il0111
l'e11x <1t1i ncco1111>lisse11t la ci1c11111ambttlntion, cet1x c111i
(1>1ic11l) (lcl1011l el (cct1x) c111i s'i11cli11enl, 1>1osler11s 1
28. At>J>cllc, pr111i les llo111111cs, 011 Pleri11nge r Ils vien<lront n

ft<'(I (>t1 st11 to11le (111011tt11c) 011 flnnc covc. Ils vie11(ltonl }Jar
l<>t1l 1,nssagc e11coiss,

2!J. 1,c,111 1,ltcslet" ll'S ,lc>11s c111i lct1r 0111 t faits et i11vo((ttc1 le
11(,111 41<~ Ynl1,v(, it (les j(>t11s C<llllltls, st11 (les l>lcs <{ttc ('t't1l1,,,>
ltt11 11 11lt1il)tl<~rs.c l\11111gcz <1<! c<~s (l>lcs) cl 11ot11rissez-(e11) Je
111is<~1ct1x et le l>esc1g11ct1x 1 ,

:J(). (J.11'ils 111ellc11l fi11 e11st1ilc i, lc111s i1Jll'rclits 1 Qtt'ils s'ncc1t1it-

l<r1I (le lct1rs \'<:Ct1x t Qtt'ils nclc>1111>lisse11l ln ci1ct1111n1,1Lt1ln-
li<,11 tlttlour tltt 'I,e1l11>lc A11tic111e >.
J:11 fc,11<ln11l l'ol,ligntio11 (lt1 1>lc1innge s11r les 1>n1cllcs C[tte Yal1,,1
11t11i1il 11cJ1esscs il Al>1nl1n111, le 111l>l>in 1eslc fi<lle sn tactic111c.
l\l11is il 11i1111(,ve 1it~11 c11 111nli1e 1eligict1se. Il se c<>nle11te tl'l1<>111<>-
l<>gt1t1, t11 (}tte1<Jtle S<)1lc 11n 11snge 1>rcxisli111t, to11t c11 reclifii111t
s,,11 ,,1it'11l:1lio11. ls1nl J11i-111'111e, ot1 c<,ttt's (le sn longttc l1istoi1<.~,
s1vnil sc,11v<'t1l c1111>11111l ses 1ilcs nt1x cttlles paie11s cles 1>et11>les <Jtl
1':1v11ic11t 1,sservi ; il nvnil ti1<>ts al>s(>tl> el nssi111il C<~s 1ilcs. I:11
l'clcl1111(11cc', 11<>tts si1v<>11~ <1 tic, 1,1i<>tli(fttc111c11t, les cn1nvn11cs <I<!
J>:1ss:11(t >tl C'II fo1111,,ti<,11 i, l.1tl l\lcct(lle, ni11si <1t1c les t1il,t1s 11<111111<lrs,
~c 1nss,111l,l:1ie11l 1111l(>t11 (le 111 l{n'l>n J><>t11 <lc111n11<ler attx tlivi11ilrs
lit 1>1<,~t><~1il <les <'11l1e1>1iscs c<>111111e1cinles (!)). Cl1nct111 t1ot1vait I:',
>tc1,sicl11 ,le 1j,>11issn11c<'s et <le IJcl11nes ofni1es ; les .Tt1ifs nuf ~111(,
(I J>l'11t-,'\f 1c! 1>lt1s c1t1e lcs n11l1es ; s'ils 1111>1isoie11t l'i(lolnliie et
s'c11ll'l1cli1ie11t fc>rl l,ic11 1,1ill(1 l<.~ ct1lle (les cnillc>ttx, ils 11't1vnic11t
~a11clc le~ 1,iglig(\1 les <'J>l\11,litllls ~co11<1111ic111e~ (l<>tll les c1111011ics
1>a1c~1111ts ,,1:1ic11l l'oce11sil>11. l .,n ~lcc<111c, vi11c J,nncnl>le, cenl1e <le
g1()SS('S Sll(;Cltla(it>l)R 11gligc~e, ))Cl(ltl('
C(lllll)l('l(i,,les, 11'11v11il )lll t1e
clr. v11c fla11 1(\~ .ft1irs cle 1~, J)ia.-..1>t>r,1 n1,li1,,rle. Jlo1cille i11ct11ie
a1llt'slt\1:1il l'c111l,li clc lottlcs les l1n<lili(>t1s, <ftti 0111 fnit la fc11ce,
(!)) \'(,i1 lll>l1c lt>111~ I, p. 24 cl sq.
8
11 1 J.. JSl.,\~l All ,\nl~ EN 11 ..\1\(:IIE - f..A GUEI\I\E
111ni11lc11t1 l'i11n11< 11,c, ,Ir. <elle 11ttc ('11l1e1>1c11n11lc. lll,il111111111e {11e-

1
1if ,.,,,.,,,,.~. il,i ,.,,,1!11,r,,,1,,,,,1 ,,,. ,t n,111ilnr.. No11s 1>ot1v<>11s, snns 11ot1s
~~1>~;t1 n11 s,,111,~,111 ,l'i11si11l1:1li,,11s 111nlvcilla11lcs, n1>11liqt1c1 cet
:1xi,,111c ,1111g(,Jit111e :, l'11lli,il ic,,11,,111i1t1c tl'l~rn1. On esl st1 cle
)c lt'(lll\'Ct JC'Jllt~S('lll<', J)Ol'IC>lll (lil ( )' n tfes )lr<>fils fi 1i\]iser...
... 1\11 111ilit.' 11 tl< l'"111iclle111<~11I 1,1,,lt1i l 1>n1 l'n11nrcl1ie n1nl>C', <ltt
1,1,,1lell1111c11t i11clt'(i11i c11 l1il,11~, <l1111c v1ilnl1lc pot1ssi1e <le
l~111s, i11tt'ss:11,1111r11I st>ttfc,ts, ~t' l1c111"ln 11l <ln11s clcs l11llc's sl1ilcs,
l(s .ft1ifs, l1l'iz,, siitl,~s n,,:1111 ltt J>t'(lcln111nlio11 JJ:1lf<>t11, nvnic11l 1n-
lis(, l'i(l-111 sio11i.4>lt'. Ils r,,1111nit~11l <l<'s gr<l111>cs, ci111e11ls pat 1e lien
1<.,Jigict1~, 1>111 1, s('11li111e11l (l'1111c 1111il 11nlio11nlc, 111,1 ln 11ossession
cl't111 lt11ilc>i1e ,<,1111111111. C.c 1,l1c.t11,l11,11e, t111ic111c <lr111s l'l,ist,>irc <le
l:1 S,111:1c<11c .1:1,:,111 l'llt"gir<', C'XlIf(tt c co111111C'11t llass:",11 il>n
1 :il,il (1()) :, llll 1:11)11 tlf's ~ .J,,ir~,cl11 lligf,7. >. Avcc ()l'CS((tlC llt1l111,l
lc 1nis,,11, Je, 1,clc-.l1 :111sf11ic 11 ,,t11:1it i~I<~ n11ll1ist; i, 1c11,c1sc1" les
1
t,1111cs <le l't' 1:111,c11l gt~c,g1:11,l1tlllt' cl i, 111c11l(>1111<'1 le 11igi\z (1es

.l11ifs >.
St11 n11c11,, ;11tl1<\ 1,(,i11I le l'A11,1>ic - il l'<!X<'l'l,lio11 1>c11t-f,t1c (lt1
, .,111r11 - IC's ,lltir" Il(' ~(\ l"('llC'(lllltlCltl g 101111s Cil ngglcllll1nli<)ll!i
11lt1s t'(ll111>,ll'lcs, 1,t11s tlc>1i!-';s;111ll'S ~ (11). Qt11111(l c111 c111slt1le, J>r11-
1l:111t l:1 1>i1i,,.1c~ 111,lit'<' li, l'i11,n1>nLi l C(lllslnntc c1c's A 1r1l>cs
111,11,nclc's, cl,s l1iJ,11" l,tl11i11ts, :, 11ss111c1 111 fr1lilil c>11 Ire 1i,l1~ssc
,,,111111c1<i1lt 1'1111 ,11111<,,11,111<' tc11i1,,i1c <l'A1nl,it', cl11 est r,,11<1 il se
,,, 1!: :111,lr1 si 1.:, l\l,111e, 1,1'<is111c11l l'll li111l f(tl<! ,,itlc l>c111,al,/r.,
,.,,,,11, ,/, r,1,>.~-"t.~ "/>,:r,r/,rli,,11.~ r,>111111r1cialr.~. ,~I ngr,ln111,;,-nti,>11 fin-
, i.~~,,,rle >, 11,t~lnil 11:ts lc, t,1111c ltlle g,ce n l'nc.~tj,,il cl il )';11ili11tivc
,l,'i .111ifs ,111i s',ti1c'11t i11st:1llt\s, 1>,,11r le 111elt1e en vnlc111, s11r ce
,:1,1<'f(,111 ,t~s ( :11:1,n11c's. 1~11 cxclt1i1nt (le Ln l\lccc111c ln l"Cflt~s('11ln-
0
1i,,1, .i11i,t'. '(tl('l,1,1<'s lig11rs nt11,"~s n,'cli1 si 11cllf'111~nl <lo1111 les

1:1iSC)IIS ,,1,i l<'l' lll('l(('lll l',,ffi1111C'I' ln )ll"~SellC'C c1Ps .T,1ifs C'll rellc
,ill(! (12), il Sl'ltlltl,, 'Ill(' r.:ttlllllC'llS c,111t1~<lisc s:t J){'ll~(~C 1)1,f(>llCI(~
,,,,111 :1,<,,,,lcr 1111 l'l't'clil C'Xt1g,;1 1'1 l:1 Si,t\, ((tt'it a l11i-111111e 1>1-
"(11lrr , ,1111111c 1111c' ('cl1111>ili1lio11 <le 1cils les 11lt1s n11li-l,islc11ic1t1es

CJIII S(tJCIJI.
Si 1~ Jlil,1i11:1g~ est 1111c 1>01111(' nfTn i1c 110111" les .T,1ifs, il est
:1t1~si t111 lln11 tl(l(l,1i11I 11cl111 l<'s l\lcr(f\t1lis n1nl>rs ; J><lt11 lC's 1i<l1C's
<111i ,11i~;111i~r,ir11t lrs <n1n, n11rs, j,1l4>11x <Il' voir l<'S .J,,irs <'t1rnissC'r le
1
l1~,11i,(iif! clC's l1:111s:1clic>11~ t'Clllllll<'l<i:tlC's ; 1>0111 lc's 1,1ivilgic~s rl1:11-

J!cs tl11 SC'1,icc <lts J>l',J,1i11s > 1111x atl><>t(ls tic 11, l{n'J,:1. l ..<'s 1>t\fc-
(lfl) lli1,1:1. t",1. lli1"1l1f~J,I, .,t, 2.

(11) Il. l .. ,~,~,,-~s. S ..1. c11. (il. 1. fi:-1-fiI.
(12) lli,l. Jl. !i:, : c I.e (c,111111'1,~ ri ln ,rtllC lt1 ,i,, (lni<'tll 11111 i11,lt1s-
l1it c~1llcilir Il:,, le~ .111ir1 ,1.i\1:1lti1. (:(t1x -c i 11c 1>:1l\issc11l 1i1s n,c,i1 ~l
1c1,1,~t11ls 1,,,1t11i I," itc11,l"lll~ lt 1:, 1,c,11t1l:1lic,11 fixe \ l~n 1'lc~cc111c > ( f).
LE COMBAT DANS LE CllEMlN DE YAIIW 115
1i11s tnienl t111e clie11lle occnsio11neJle, vritable l>ndition J>OUr

l<'s 1\lcc,1 t1oi!i. N<,11s 11e lcvo11s 1>ns 1>c1<1re de vt1e ces co11sidro-
li(,11s t><>ttr li, s11ile tics v11e111c11ls, cor, e11 1>10111eltonl les bonnes
1,lncC's r111fc>t11 <le lo J{n'l>n n11x set1ls 11111s11l111n11iss, le 1abl>in vn
s01e111c11l 1e11vcrsc1 <les sit11nlic,11s f orl lttcrnlives en les fnisa11l cl1t1n-
g'r ,le 111oi1,s. E11 s11ivonl j11sq11'ou bout le J>lnn <111 rnl>l,in, lottle la
rill1c'ssc <le I .. n l\'lecq,1e <loil i11lt1ctnJ,lc1nent to111J1er e11tre les mei11s
,les .ll1ifs cl <les j11clnss. Les Bc<lo11i11s, lesricl1es, les l1y1>ocrites,
,l,111 t 11<, 11s n 1>c rcevons les i11 l 1ig11 es 1\1 cl i11e, se ren(le11 t p nrfai te-
111e11 l l'<>1111>l(! <le celle sil11nlio11. 1.. n < si11c1it > de lettr < conver-
sicltl > 11e l1c>11vcra 1>ns c1e 1>lt1s sfir fonden1ent <111e leur <lsi1 de
ccl11s<'1vr1 ,,ta (l'ncql11ir let1r 1>a1t <les l>iens te1rcslres, lct1r c pnrl
,le~ 1>~:111ti\ >, J>C>111 c1111>loyP1 l'cx1,1ession <lt1 1ol>bi11. Totts ces
~c11s-la'1 <'Il :111jvc11l i, ln C<>11cl11sic,1 <ftle, 1>011 1 li111i11c1 les .Jt1ifs. 1111e
s,,11le ,l1c>s<~ lc111 1e~lc i, fni1c : se 111cll1c <Ions le 111011ve111<!11t 1eli-
gic-11x 11 li111i11n11l ln clirc~<~li,11 j11ive, e11 nllen<ln11l (l'e,tlc1111i11c1
lc'S ,J11ifs t~llX-llllllCS. l\Jnis JJ(>llS 11'e11 SOlllllleS }lE\S CllCOle )n, II 0
l\li,littc, 11i i, l .. i, l\1el'CJt1e.
1>,>111 l'i11~1:,1I, 11<>t1s enlc11<lc,11s le 1nl>l>i11 s'11<l1essc1 011x Cr,lynnls
1111 s11jcl ,111 1,c'llc1i11nge: Il snil trs J1ie11 qtte les ns1>i1nlions reli-
gi<'l1ses <l.'s A1nl>cs s(111t nsscz 111incrs, vile s11l>1nerges 1>nr <les
111:1r1irf~sli1I(>J1s <111c 1<' 1nl>1,i11 nccnlJlc cle s011 1nJl1is. I .. n p1i1e <les
i11fi<J,J<~s 11111!>111 <le ln J{n'J>n, ,lil-il, 11e co11sislc (Jt1'e11 l11>i<lnti<>11s
sl111>i<lcs, <l;t11scs, sifflc111c11ls, l,ntlc1nc11ls <le 111ni11s, cr"iailleries c111i
11(\ 1i111c11l i, 1ie11 cl't1t1l1e CJtte ,lt! jotter, <le se llistroi1e, de s'lo111-
cli1 (1:J). 'l',,,,r~~ s ers 1<,t<lcs, l<>t1111cs, cot11scs, slalio11s, ci1ct1111a111-
l11Ji1li(>t1s, c111i fc,11l 1>n1lic <lc!s 111it11t1vres 1>1ocession11elles 1nec-
c111(>isrs <loivc11t, a,1x )'CIIX ,)11 111l>l>i11, t1c con11>lle1nc11t clt><>ttil-
lP-<'s (le 1<'111 J>t1g1111is11(~. J11sl111it llfll' ]'ltistoirc (le son JJ101,1e 1>ct1-
1>I(\, 1(\ 111i1if1c j11if cle 1\lo111e(I i11tgre10 sa11s tlifficttlt ers cot1-
lt1111,,s ltlllS le ('tlllc clt Y,111\\ 1
r. n g1011clc Sllll(~l'()l'l6 cl'lstnl ftll
('.
l<)ltj()t11s ,le <l,,1111c1 1111x 1il('S ill1011gc1s c1u'il r,v,,it n .. 1,,1>l:-1, ,111 co11-
lc111 s1,irilt1c~l nt1llt('t1li<111e (l(>ll( I',,J,jct lnit le sct1l v1ni lliet1,
\ratll\\'l! C)ll, C()llllllC (lll <lisnil en Atnl,ic, Allnl,. Ce 11'esl CJtl' parti,
cl11 111c,111c11t ()tl la l{11'l>tl f11I (1<1lc 1'e1111)le <le Ynl1,v fo11cl- pn,
Al,1211111111 (11), <111c le~ 1>rlc1i1111ge fttl 1e11clt1 obliEtAloirc el 1allocl1
lt1i-1,,i,111<' i, Al,1nl11,111. 'fclt1l )' clevic11t snc1, les slulio11s h la pier1c
c'I 1111 1,a(l1c1 (:,s-Si1rl\ cl ,,t-1\ln,wo) co111111e le 1csle, 1,11isr111c l<>11l
est 1111 l1c,111111,1gc Yc1l1w.
s,,,11. Il; 1:.3. As... s,,rf\ C'l nl-l\ln1wn so11l 1>n1111i les cl1oscs ~RCl'~C~
cl<' ,,,11,v, A <1t1ico11c111c fi,il le 1>lc1i1ngc ntt "fcn11>lc 011 fnil
(l:l) \',,i1 VIIJ. 35.

~(,ttr.
(11) Vt>ir 11ul1c t. llf, cla. Ill : l ..n t.Iosq,1e Sncrc.
11 t
1.. ISI .. Al'I AflAUE EN AIARC:IIE - LA GUERRE
ln '1'111,tr (~ tt<'Il 1,lt1i11ng<', i11clivi<lt1cl et seco11(laite), nttl

~,i(.'I' s'il f:1il 1:, ci1(111111111,l,11li,ti,J11 u11l<>l1r tl'e11x.
fl,,111 111i,c,111111c ncc.'(lt111,lil (cc ,ile) ,<1lt>11li1i1e111e11t, c<>ln est
1)i(' 11 , C l11. \. :, 1, \'. (' (. s 1 (, ' 1111 is C i(' 11 l e l 1e C () 1111 n iss tl l l l .
Jl1-o<cs~i,>11 <'I ci1t1111111111l,11l:,1i,,11 sc,,,t tics 1ilrs co111111t1ns il lotts

les c11llC's si111il(lllt's, 1,i,1si ((11<! l~s clive1s 1iles clc 1>111ilicnli<>11 c,,1-
1><>1elt,, el ,csli111t11l:1i1C'. ls111l 11,1,il l'tl ses 1>1,,cessic,11s l~I citcu111-
;1111l,11111ti,l11s ,,,, l'l1t,1111t'111 clc ''nl,,,,, ses ,ln11sc~ cl Sl's cl1n11ls. I.,e
1,,i 1>,,,i(I, 1><-11cl:111I l:1 J>l'<)t.tss<lll, cl:11,s:,il tlc, tt11l l'A1cl1c <l'Allit111ce.
1
,\ l'c,ct11sic,11 (1<! Ji, ft\lc clcs 'l'<'11lc~, les .J 11ifs 111otlloic11t h .Jc.~111snle1n
Cil (>ilc1i1111g<~; i, 1.1>4t((11C' (Ill N>ll\'(':lll rl'<..'SlltlllC'lll, ln flttllS(' J' nvnil
11cc,1t ~1\ 1>l:1((' : l<'s 1'1s,,1111ngr.s i111J><>tltt11ls rl 1,iet1~ (le la ro111-
111t111,111lc~ cl,111,;:1i(11l l'll ( l1~,11l,11I s111 Je 1>n1,is ,l,1 1'c1111,lr, c11 l,1n11-
0
cliss1111t (lrs lc,1tl1cs :1ll11111t''<'S (lfi). IJc 111ni11lic11, cite,: les A,r,l>es,
clC' 1111,11if'<'slnfic111'; si111ilni1es llt' Jl<>sn (1011< nt, 111IJl>i11 n11r.1111 1>10-
l,li111r. 1,i11lil~t1lit1. lt clc,1111:1 :111ssi clt'!i i11sltt1<~lic111s 1>1<''<ist'S t><>t11 <(tle
,c' l>t' 1r 1i 11:, g t, , 1<, i r 1111 e 1111 <' n c Ii>11 1>ic , 1s c , s n 11 s 1, )' t, c,,1is i e , s n n s
1,,,1x-ftt)'t111l 11i l111c1111,ge ; (ttc les s:,c1ifict'S exigs so<.'Jll t,,ynlc-
111C'11l n<'<'<>1111,lis, cl:111s le 1,,11cill<'tlll'III cl <l,111s 111 1111ix. Si <Jt1rl,111e
('lllllf..'('lll'lllt'III st11,ir11I, il r1111,l1;t (~l>lll(>CIIS<'t Jcs 1l('S (>lllS 11n1 <les
l)llllllC'S (l'll\'I rs tI tl('S :1,ll'S .1,~ lllt'. (Jt 1C 1'<)11 CC>llSfl(~l'C flll lll()ns
,l<'t1x jc,111s 1111 1,,,1c,1i1111gt~ ! <:',si c11 effet 1111c g1n11,IC' 111111,ircsltl-
l i, )11 1) 11 I, l i' 111 (' ( )1t Iig:' ' 1l i l'e t' 11 , ,1'C ) 111) C111 (1C ,, n 11 \,, ; C, Cs l 111 l l l 111e
1
s>IC'1111t.'I <111i 11c' ltiil 11:1s l1C' cx1,,',cli(; r11 ,1111lc111rs l1e111('s; 1111 111i11i-
11111111 cl< lt11111~ tsl 1<1ttis 1><>111 st1lisf11i1c il l'(,l>lignli<,11 :
Sc,111. Il; l!I~!. 1;-:,ilr'~ r11lic\1,,111<'11I Je, lli~le1i11ng<' <'I l:t '111111,,, ll(>t11
,:111,\. Si \'1>11" rll'S C'llll>t~c~l1is, (lil,t\l"l'7.-V011S) Jlnt l'C Cftt'il
,,,t1s st1i, :1ist' (cl<' sr1c1ilit1) <.c,111111(' <>11'1:111(1<' ! Ne ,,ltts rnse~
1>(air1t 1:, lilt :1,11111 fJtlt' l't,n1n11<lc 11il nll(tll le lie,, ,le ~011
i111111tllt1li,,1, ! 1\ ,111it,,11(1t1c 11a11111i vo11s sc1:1 111,1lr1clc (lll 11llci11l
cl'1111 111:11 ;111.rtt:,111 111 lc~lt, i11<<,111l , C'1:1 1:1tl121l 1,111 1111 jt'tnc,
1111c a111111c,1,l' c111 1111 s11r1ifi('(' 1itt1c'I. ().11t111<I ,,,,t1s S('1<z c11 sc11-
1ili, ;, (ftli('(lll(fll(' rc'l'fl 11sa1gc le li1 .,,,,,,.,, j,,s,111',111 l)t~l,1i-
11r1gt', i11<,,111l<'111 ,c (111'il (l11i) sc1n nis (cl~ sn(1iflc1) <'<lt11r11e
,,111n11clt'. (J,1i<"(>llCfllt' Il(' l1(>11,c111 1>11s (lt snt1ili,,,), (sr lil~-
1<1:1) ,,,11
1111 j<ti11l' clC' lt(>s jt,,11s <lt11n11t le (><'lc1i1111~t' t'l se1>t
j,,111s J,,,s clt' s,,11 1cl1,111, s,,it clix j<,111s c11lic1s. l~<'ln v1111t
(~<'111,,111<.'1,I) 1>(,111 c<\l11i <l,111 111 fn111illc 11'csl 1,oi11l 1>1\s( 11le 1
11111s l:1 ~1.,~c111t~c Sn<1cc. St>)c7. 1,ict1x (~11,,c1s ,~,111,,t\ cl s11,l1<'z

Jllt' ,nt,,,.,; <'SI lc11il>lc c11 (S<>11) cl1li111c11l l
(15) V(Jit 1,. 1,1: ,- \, 1 :<. c,. 1., l1,~ i1,~lil1tlio11J ,le l'A11cir11 1'rst,1111r11I, lo111c
11, 1,. 309~
LB C01'fBAT DANS LE CIIEMIN l>E YAltWt 117
193. f.,e (lJt1i11ngc R lieu en clcs n1ois connt1s. Pot11 qtti s'ac<1uitl(~
,111 J>t,fc1i11ngt", 11t1Jle g11Jt111le1ic, n,1I Jil>erlinnge, 1at1Jle <li~ct1s-
fi011 1111 cours (Ill J>Je1innge. Qttelqttc l>ie1t q11e vot1s fnssirz.
\'1111,v le~ snif. J.,ren,z t111 viali<Jtte f ca1 le 1nci)let11 vintiq11c
esl lit }lit. C1nig11cz-l\loi, c'\ vo11s dc>tts <l'cs1>1it 1

1!) 1. N11l gtief vo11s f niae, si vous rccl1ercl1cz ttne f ave\1r <le
v<,l1e Scigne111 (<lt11011l les c1111<,11ics <lt1 Plc1i11ngc). Qttn1111is 'A rnfn. i11vo<Jttcz Ynl1w, n11 Sn11ct11ni1c
Snct. l11voqt1ez-l..e 1,>ttr 1>1ix <Jt1'Il vot1s n <li1igs, Cftl(>i(Jttc
O\'O 11 l celn, e11 v1i l, vc>tts ayez t certes pu1n1i les Egn1s !
J!):>. I~11st1ilc (lfC'1lcz 1101 (ltl les gc11s cll~fe1l1c11t cl <lc111n11clcz

1,:11tlo11 n Yoll\\' 1 1'n11,,1 csl nl>solulcur el 111is1icorcliet1x.

IUt). J11,,c><Jt1ez Yal1,v en <les j<>t1rs con111ts I Q11iconc111c se l1lt',

(l;111s <lc11x jo111s, nt1I 1>cl1 s11r )t1i I q11ico11qtte s'nlla1clc, nt1l
1>t~<~l1 st11 l11i. (Voill1) p<>ttr fftti est piet1x. C1nigr1ez ''011,v<;,
cn1 vc1s Ynl1,v vot1s serez rt1sse111l>ls 1
'
C:l1cz les Arnbes, 111t1s11l111n11iss 011 110n, il 11 )" e11t jn111nis clt' 1
cnsle s11t'f'tlnlnle : 1<.'11 rJtti J>1l foi1c t>enscr at1x Lvil<!S, 011 bic11
il ln ,Jr~cc11,ln11ce <l'At11on. ()n <1signoit J>nr le ter1nc cle /(/1i11 les
r111gt11rs, clcvir1s, n111spi<~cs, <111c l'c,11 i11le11ogcnil nvonl Cfltl'l<111c
CXl><;cfiri,,11 /{ltC'trirt~ ()Il Cfll<.'f<IIIC 1111.1.in. l~tlX-lllrlllCS lnie11l SOllV<.'llt
l<'s t!tlr1,it'rs, co1111,11g11(>11s cl<~ l~l1rfs <le l,r111,l~s. 1,ntf<>s :lacrs tl<'
l>ltl(lt~, ,,,,,r,,is clC'!i St)l'IC'S ,l'111l,il1rs cl1r11g~s cl<' 1c11cl1c- 1111
C'IIC.~()l'C'
j11g<~111r11l t'c111ilt1l,ll' c11l1c' <les gc11s ([lt'<>J>1>os11ic11I <111cl(1t1cs C'<>110ils
<l'i11f;1c\ls. J.,c 11<>111 cle /c,il1i1, r,,if
l11i-111p111e 1>e11s<'r nt1 no111 lal,1ct1 <111
1,1~11e j11ir, le co/1r11. J.,c ,,,l,r.,,
1,011vnit t1e galc111c11t cl1cf, g,>11-
''r111('t11, 1(1i. l ,l'~ fils ,le 1)11,i,I 1><lt1vi1ic11l t 1c 111>1>cl~ <les cof,,,,,;,,,:
cl<~ 111<'"-11,c lc,11s l(\s tois tl'ls1:1i~I. 111 fnil c111'nJ't111t ln pt1issnncc ll,<>-
l'l':1li,111r, ils ll>t1vni,,11l <>1,1(>1111,,1 <les fles, r,1ire ,les Rncriflccs, 1,1<,-
1>l1<'Is<'1 i1 1(,<t11sio11 (l(i). A11ssi 11c sf'1i,,11s-11,,11s 1,n~ lc>1111~ ,111c J,,s
A 1. l11)('s t' iC I l 1 (' 1l l 1)1. 1111 l , , X ' t I ir~ (I' J\ 1n1, i C IC IC l.11 l e (1C /( (; I, ; , l
S'il 1a'J <'Ill ja11111,is, cltt'Z lrs Arnl>cs, <le cnstc ROC<'l(l<>lo1< h la1
111:111ii1'c j11ivC', <'11<,>1(! 111,,i11s 1,e11l-o,1 y l1(>t1ve1 q11clc111e lrncc tic
s,1ce1lt<' (c,1111,n1,,l,fe n <,,111i cl11 <.l11isti111,is111c cnll1c>li<111e. (l<111-
l,111I, le r,,il 111c l\l,,l1r1111111<',I C'sl 11()tl11111 1>nr le ri,l>l1i11 c a11C,t1c tle
\'nlt\\'t: > <!I (')1er (le lit <(>IIIIIIIIIOtll <les lllllStllllltllliss, n cl1n11fr~
l'i11111gi1111li(,11 ,le ,111c~lc1tt<~s cc,111111c11fttleu1s 11111s11l111011s i1 la 1oi11tc
(If,) v,,ir S. CAl1RN, (;(l llil,te, 1. XIII. J). 251.

J1R
, .. l~J.,\r.t AnAnE EN 1\IAnC.IIE - 1.. A GUERRE
cl,1 111(g1Ps. l\l,,l1:1111111t',I, n J,,s

~11IP11<11e, sc1nil 1111c sc11lc <le sni11t
(111p tl'1\1s. ()11 Il(' J)('ll( ('C'tlcs f>lS Jll flfl1if>tlCI' 1011( 0 fni( J'i11sfi(tl--
litlll cil' ln <'(lllf('S"<ltl ; l'<'(>C11cll111I, ,~'<'si l11i 'Jtli c-11 n li1l,li <\l 1>10-
1,ng l't1sng(\ n J\J,~(li11e. l~I cc,111111e les AtAl>es cle rc lc1n11s nvoie11t
1111<' <.c,11seic11<c i11li11i111c11t <1licnlc cl srr111Jt1l(trsc, ils se 1>1ci11i-
l11ir11I 11v<'<' 1111,, lcfl< f<'1,C't11 cl 1111 si grr1n11si;1s111c clnns le
l'Clttfcssi,>1111:,I I<' l\lc>lttlt11111c,l, fJtle c'lnit ttnP vrilnl>lc col111e. I . e
sni11I itJ><",tac ,le~ '':111,, C'C111fc~ssnit :'1 10111 (Je l,10s. f.,e 11n11vre l10111111e
s'y ~1J1ti~nit : <"()l11111,,,,t 1sisler n cc'llc nvnlnn<l1c ,le Jlnilc11ls ?
(:clllltllC'llf C'll(ligtll'I. l'P flo( <IC l"C}tln(ICnCeS ? (JtlC rni1c p<ltlr fjf(1er
1
lcs ~r(>s ,,,,iss(,11.;, "' l~l(lt{tl<'I" )('s 1>01(<1111s clc J>rccaclillcs ffll ne
,,,111,it'lll ,111 ("(11f,ssi,,1,11:1I, -- 11ic11sc 111sc --, <111c 1>,,111 le Jll:1isi1 (le
1>:llnl,1<1 ri I< l'l'<1rilli1 l~s 1l1,cic'11srs n,l111,111ilif,1ts <le l'ill11sl1e J>ro-
(>11~1<' ? ,,(>111 ,.,~"c111cl1c l"P. J>r<lll<',111<' c1c 11nsl,11nl<.', l\f,,J1n111111r,I se
0
11\J11gcn ,J:1r1s l:1 11ic',,,, tl ln 111t '<lili1li,,1, ; cl:111s 1111c J>t1iss1111lc (<>11-
("<'t1f1ntic,11 clr ~li. 11rll>nl,lt111e11t 1,ro11,,crl ,l'111l 111n11tci:111 n,l l1oc >
srlo11 1111<' 1,1,',(l1<,cfp (10111 les c,11:111isnr1ls 011( Jlrtc Ir sC'c1rl, il se
111il ,,,, ("(Jlll,1rt cli1c't :t,c(~ Allnl,. Et 1111 J,cnt1 .i(1t11, s111 1111 c<,111> (Ir.
gr11ie. il fil ,l,s('('ll(l1c ,111 <irl 1111 ,,p1set <10111 l 1 11sl11ce <li,,i11e l11i
1>('1111il clc 1~!tlc111c'11IC'1 l:1 <'r111frssio11 (lcs Jl<l1fs. fln1 q11el 11tO)'l'11?
1,,111 sir1111lc11t<11I <r1 ln f:1is:111I 1,1r<.'t\<lc1 ,1'1111~ :11111111~ 1>0111 les
1<,,l1rs, 1111, S<)t1,, l':1111r11<lr 111"il fnll:,il ,c1sr1 ,ln11s I< l1,)11c 1,lnc
c1111i11c111e11I ll'\ltll Ir tr,11fC'ssic,1111nl. - Si ,,c111s 11,,rz 111 Je ll1-
1,,,1,l11 (:fll'ntl, ,,111~ \ ' ()Il~ l<'lllflllrl<'?. S:lllS clOtllC flJ ,linl))p Jlf'llf-011
J)t~,.,,,,,. 1>n1,,il ,.(<il. 1\1. ll:1111i(lt1ll:,l1 ''<>Ils clit r111'il l'SI C'fl11,lr11s~ cln11s
lrs ''l'l'S('IS s11i,:111ls : cl ''(lllS ()()IIVCZ l't11 Cl'()l'C', l"tll' c'rsl 1111 s1,-
<i11lislc :
S,,111. f . . ,'fJJ; 1:1. () \'titis <(11 <t)'t'Z ! (Jllnllcl \'f)IIS :l\'C'7. 1111 ('1111'(' ..
1
li<'ll f>Ji,c' :1,cc l ,\llc,11,,, r11ifC's 1>1t;<.<;clt 1 rrl <.'llltc,('II cl'tlllC

1
n11111,i11,, ! ( (, "''l'n l,iP11 cI 1>l11s lc;cc11I Jl()t1r ,c,11s. Si , c111s 11c 1
1,,,11,rz (111l.\'t11 clc I( f:1i1e) ...

1itc,1cl <'ll 'X.
,,,t,,,,
est nl>sc,ltllt'llr C'I 111is-
1-t. A 1>1,1,~11<'r1,lrz-,c,11s Ir f,1i1c, 11~c~tlr1 ,1';111111,\11,s vc,f 1c

1
('IJl~( lic11 1>1i,,~ ?
Si \'(Jlls Il(' V()IIS C'Xc11[t'?. ,,ns cl (si) '"111,,,,
1f',11r1I (,le ":1 11g11r111) c,,11ltC' ,011s, n,,r>1111Jliss<'1: l,1 Jl1ii're,
(~(lllll('~ l',\111_,,,..,,1: rl (ll~t'SS('7. i1 )'ni,,,.(;~, i, SOII A11,r1r. 1
"\ nl,,,,c ~si IJ1t'11 111rcl1111e fl<' ce <111c vc,11s f:,il"s (17).
( 1i) l.:1 ,r1it;1l1l1 l':'tfll (':ll (ltl tic cts ,c1srts f'SI l, 11i11lr~1c, 1ln11s '" rnr)1e
,1_,. 111,11 r :11_. Ill. ~_Il. ,,. 7!i trr1/c1,lr f>or,r Al,,J,,,,,,,,1,,I. (.l,1:111,I n l'rx11lirn-
l1~l11 ~n1_11a,~1"l . ,:1)11 l\l. Il \~ 11 1111 1.1 . ,11, J.r ,:,>r,,1,, 1.\1 111, 12. J>. 5:17. l.n r>c1~-
,,1r:le1lr ,I~" <"'l(r~~,lt'" 1,,, 1~11111 nr 1~ 1,c s'n11(..,I(' Jlr1s 1:1. Ils (1011,,c,,1 rn<<lf'C <tans
lt f.t111ln 1 <'l1totll'rtftt111t11l 0 11 l1nflc lot11isli111r (ibi<l., IX, Of)), l'nt1lc,1isnlion,
J.. B COltfDAT DANS LE CIIEMIN DE YAII\V t tu
( JIIC (1 (' Il Xi ('IJIC ff li es I<>n J)Cll l 111011 ICr VO Irc CS()ti l pervers :
,,,,111,111,,i l,1 c>11frs~i,>1, fic:; 1>tJ1s csf-elle i11co11n11e, (lllllt.., l'fl
l:'\111111 '! {:',si, clil e11 so111111c le 111111e c<Jm1n~nl11lr11r, pnrce q11e ]es
CX<'g<'l,s 11111st1l111n11s 11'(>111 jn111nis ct1 l'i<le ,le l'y cl1ercl1er 111 est le
f>l'(111ie1 n )' :1voi1 J)r11s il J)to1>0s <le ces <lettx versets. A11esso11s-
l11i 11,>s 1>l11s ,,ives f~licilnli,111s el revenor1s n11x cl1oses stie11ses.
Il ('Sl l)lll fi fait i1111>c11snl,Jc qtr'ntt Vll 0 siclr Je 1nl,l>i11 i11sl11t("-
lc111 ,le l\lc,l1,1111111ccl nil co1111 1c 1>rojet de trnns1nellre a11x ArnJ,es
'" ~r1c.r1l,>cc j11if i11existnnl. llc[lttis ln r11inc <1e Jr11snlen1 cl 1,,
(l('sl111(lic>11 <111 'l"e1111,Je pn1 l('S 11rrnes ron1nincs en 70, lot1lc l',,1-
l!,11is:1lir,11 1cligic11sc ,ltt j11lt1s111c n,nit so111l>r ,Ions cet cITon,l1c-
r,
' 11 e 11t , 1:, 1ic11 :t1. Le S n11 J1 1ri r1 s t 11l 1>r' i111 f, 1c s ( i 1n 11 rIs I) r l r es n, c , 1r r 11 t
1:1~. fi( st1('('c>~se111s ; le S(>11ve1ni11 11011lificnl <lis1J:1r11t ,Jans ln lo11r-
111,11lc ; IC' s<1<'Pt<Joc.-e 1>cr,lil SC's fo11ctions cl ft1l li111in (le ln <li1((--
lic,11 (l11 j11,t,1s111c lJtli 1>nssn C'nlrc les 111nins (les sc--1il,cs c>I ,Jrs <ll<-
lc111s. ~)<,111 1(l1111,l:1lc1 l<' ~n11l1flri11, 1ol>l>i .Jol1n11nn l,c11 Znltl<n
<)1gi111is:1 i1 .JnJ,n 11r1 (;1011<1 (:onscil co111pos 11nic111c111e11l clC' 1:1l1-
J,i11s 1,l1111isic11s ; <le~ 11<>111))1c11ses rcc)l<'s, lot1jo11rs f 011nes ,le s<ri-
1,rs <\I (I<' <l<<lct11s (Ir. l:, sccl<' 1>l1nrisic~1111c, se co11slilt1rc11l c11 J>i1lts-
li11c <'( n11 ()c]1ors, CIi JJnJ,J,J<JII<\, <Jll nxrCll( ()011(VClllf'll( 1,1 (1:1-
ff1flll j11i,p clnns les c,l1111>ilnlic,11s n1>pclrcs la/11111,I ,Ir. Jr,,~n-
/,111 1\ (I ln/111,,,1 tif nnl>!Jln,re ~. J.,c's (ncltcs (c ln nnlio11 j11i,,c clis-
1><1.",'(' f111r11I <l)nc fc1r111t's cle ,lc>l'l<111s, (le ritl>l)i11s. J. . n ro11clic,11 clc
<s l\lnit1rs le l'PnsC'ig11e111c11l lnil <l'nille111s ('<l11sicl1<'c 1>n1 l'tlil~
j11i,., c,111111~ stlfl1i<'111,, ;, ('<'Il~ cl11 ~n,<'1<1,,l.<'. Ce sc>tal (~1,x c111i l'Xr1-
c::1ir11I 1i11n11c11cc 1,,.l;l>,,11cl('1n11(c st11 le 1c111,lc (lc,111 ils ~loic11t lc's
g11icl(s a,,:1111 111~t11c l'c\rr cl11<~lie1111c. Pc,111 crllc 1niso11 1,1cis1l1r11f,
0
1
.f ('SIIS S t11 fll"('lltl1n ;, ('11X 1)lt1s (l tlll(' rois : S11r 11, rl,ni1p (1C 1\11,)SC
1
se !'it)ttl :1ssis lrs s(1ilt('S ,\t l<.s 1,l,a11isir11s. ()l)~('t,<'7. cl,,tt<' et f11il,s
1,,111 ('(' c111'ils VOits clise11I : 111nis Il<' V()IIS C(lllf1llSl'7. llll~ 1'11,,,i,s
lc111 111:1li(111,, ; cn1 ils <list'ltl cI 1,c f,>nl 11ns > (1\11. XXIII, 2-:l). J>c,111
1<'11 :,11 ,.,,,1t(IC', its 11'11111:1ir11I a1)):111cl,,r,11i ll'lt1s 1,11<>ga,livcs cl 1<'111
ir1t111'11tl. A 1,l11s f(ll'll~ 1n!-iC>tl, 1<' 111l>l,i11 clc J.,,,
l\lc'<'{(ll~ Il<' 1c111,itil
Sf)llg('I. :'1 1t~l:1f,li1 lc ~O('('l'Clct('{~ .ittir, el n le l'( 'lnl>li1 ('11('~ les A111l,l'~ ... !
0
/\ ('<'Ile\ <>><ltlt' lc's 1nl>1>illS est i111:1i(11l, scl,,11 le lex le clc l'l~xo<l<', 111c
,~ ,,,.,,,)1,, j11if l<)tll r11fic1 <'SI 1111 J>Ctlfl]e ,Ir ,,,~Ires 1,<1111 l'l1t1111n-
1,ilt~ (lf'l. I.e' s11cc1clo<'C 11',,,,,1il cl<,r1c llns i, l1e l1n11sf<'1,! n,1x At:,-
1111 1~ rr111111rs, lt ~r l,:1i~11c1 ~111 I,~ t>l11,t<~ ; J ' n111101,tc tlr~ l,01111,r,i; 1,to-
111i,111,~ ; l:1 fll'1111is~ic,11 tl<' ~r. f11i1r ~<,i1-t11t1 11n1 I r ~ 111<',lc<'i11s <l11lic11~, <lt
l'<',,,,i, ,111 s1111A 11c,11 1n11~t1l111:111 C'tt 11n1,~ft1sit111 ~:111g11irlc : rl l,icn ,l'n11rr,~
l,c,~,~ 111t,1<'. -- N1,11s 11<,tt.~ r1ro,,r,~o,1~ <I< r,,i,r111,r l,1illn11lr rnrri~rc ,1:111s
("(' ,-!f'llt"f' l't,cfgrsc 011 ("li~ (lI llfllr(' ,rilCJIIC f1i~(fll'fftlr fr11011ernit.
( 1R) l~!(t,clr XIX, 1-8 ; c .le V<llt~ ticn<l1ni pot11 1111 101nu111c ,le p1l1rs c-t
t111c 11nl <>11 ru11sac1c >.
12() t
,. ISl ...\l\l An.\nt~ l~N ~IAJ\CIIE - LA GUEitnE
l,('S, Jll~lllC (()11\'l'l"lis 1111 j1,.1.,~111t', ~i:-< Cl' ltls flllS l'llVl"()II llf)l"~S SOll
:11,.,lili,,11 l'll ls1:1i;I. 1,C' 111IJl>i11 SC )>()1"113, CIi flllClfllle so1le, R jtl<lnser
1~~ l1c,111111's l'i Ir" <"(Jl1l11111rs. J>n11s l'A:t'. les l1il>t1s 110111:1les qt1e
l',,11 clsi1,.?11,, s,,t,~ I<' tl(>1,1 gt~,,c.~1-nl cl'n1nl,es 11'l:,i<11I Jlns nR~ez 1icl,<~s
,,,,,,,. ,,,11i1 cl<' l',11(r11s cl ,les nt<,111nles. Elles snl1in11ir11t (les n11i--
111:111x IC\'ttlll 1111(' l>ir11~ clt'C'SSl'C', (l r(ll'llle flitlS Otl lllOllS fttllllOllC,
i111ngc <111 :,~1111,<,I <Il' la cli,,i11il. 1..-l~ sn11g lnil 1c<~t1cilli clnns 1111c
f<>ssc <"l"t'tls<'C' 1111 11ic!(l clc l:1 stle, cl l'<>tl C'11 f,c,lloil celle-ci. J.Jn slle,
l'll l1t'l,1t'tt 111,,s.~,;l,<rl,, 1>01(11il c11 111111,e le 11<>111 (le 1111s11l,, <>tt 111a11.",1/1.
~1:,is J,, 1>c,i1,t i1111>c,1l:111I, ('Il lclttl l"Cln, 11',:st t>ns l'i111111,>l:1li<,11 tl'l111e
l>t~le; J,, 1nl,l,i11 ttr 111:111,Jtlt' 1>ns ,le le rni1e ,,l,sC't'\'C'r. S'il ('111se1ve
tC's 1il<'s, s'il lts 1rcl1cssc, ll'S 1tr1cl c,1,lignl<>irrs 111:1i11t,11n11l <'Il
11,,11,11r111 I< ,:1J1,,i~ .. il 11'n f111'1111 sc11l l,t1I : f,1,111c1 l<'s A1nl>es
111t1st1l111.11,isl~ :, 1:, ,1:,iC' )>i<''lt'. (:c' 11'c'sl lln<;, l,111 clil-il, li, cl1:,i1 et
I ~:,11{-! cl'1111t' l~t~lt c111i 1,,,,1,'C'11I, <'11 <'t1x-111<'\111<'s, :1ltci11,l1< ,,i,11,,; 1
t"<' sc,11t lc's ~l'11ti1,1,,11ls l111111l>lrs ir11x ,le <C'lt1i (ftti c,ITrr 1,, snlti-
0
ri l' C :
Sc,111. XXII. :l7. fl,111 ,,,11s, Nrltls fl\'f>IIS t>lt('t! lcs tl11i111nt1~ ~:11i-
li'~. 1>:11111i l<s <l1c1s('S s:11l.,,._, fi< \':tl1,,c~. 1111 l>C'll s')' f 1011,(~
,,,1111 \"(lllS. 11,,.,c,tl('?. Slll' ('llX, ,i,:111ls ('!) '(' Jl(llll tll' ,,,11\\1 !
f)t1:,,1.1 il~ Slllll SlllS ,it. 11,:111g,,z-c1, cl 1)()1l1'1'SS('7.-Cn l'i1111>-
('llllCltX 1 14' 11t~111t111i. ,\i11si ,(>lis <111l l<~ li,,,fcs (<rs ,,icli--
1
111,s, C'~J>t '1'llll (IIIE') 11c11t-c:(1c \'()llS SCl'l'Z l"('(1 (lllllllissn11ls.
:18. Ni lc111s (l1:1i1s 11i 11 111 s:111(!

11'11IIC'11cl1>11I '':111,,c\. 111:1is 111
1i<~I,' .. cl<' ,,,l,c 1,:ttI. l'11llci11cl1:1. Ai11si {c"l'S ,icli111cs) ,,,11s c111I
c~li li,,,'<s 1>111 <Ill~ ,,ltls 1)1c1tJ:1111iC'Z 111 1{1:1,1clct11 <I(~ '':111\\',
r11 1c<<1111111is~:111<c cf,, cr 'I t1'II \'(Jlls n ncc.<,1cl<'.
, :: ,1ri 11, s i 1(' ,.:11 ,1, i , , r1, i 1 1, , 1) I<, ,i 11 : , g c, , 11, t' , , 1.1 igr, 1i c, , 1, cl 111 1, , 11
,1,,~n11I, s'il "'' ,c'_l!I si 111ir111I('lls'111c'11t les 1il<'s, t~'<'s! 1,111,'<' fftt'il
c,111111,il l'i1111lc1l:111('t 1'1111<' ltllc ,,,:1ti1111(' 1>>111 111:1i11l<~1,i1 lllll' 111
;11ilr l'1111i1,: (lts ,1,1~,1111". l .. r~ 1\1111,<'s 11'11,nir11I j:1111:,is s,1111><:(11111
t1111111<' ,rligi,111 1111i,(lts<'llr ,,,11<'l1c ;, IC't11 11c,1I<'<' : ils 11'11vnic,11t 1<'lt
,c,111:11 cl'11l1lrc c111~ ls ltrlf<'~, 1il~s. s111>C'1slilili,,11s .. cl:111s les li111il<!S
,111 tl:111 (>Il cl,, 1., lrilll. I.e 111l,l,i11, l11i, l,,,,,,~fic.it' <l1111c n11l1<' rx1>l~-
1i,,11c't' : crllf' cl(' S(ltl f)CIIJ>IC'. r. . (\ 111()( lte'l)l"C'll, /1,!I, ,tc,111 il R~ S('l'l
,,,,,,,. cl<~:-;ig1,r1 1~ ,,ttr1i11n~(' 111i1l,r, fl:1il 1t~se1v~ :111:'( 11,i~ g11,11clcs
r,~IC'~ fi(' ))(~IC'ti11:,,~,s i11irs : ('('lie lt'S J\7.)'IIIC'S, crllc clC's Sr11lni11~~. et
111 rrl(' cl<'S tt'IIIC's (1 !t). J\f11i11lc11n1ll ffllC le tnl)f>II Il l>CII l~n11i )es
(l!l) 1,n 1,,cit1<' l1c"l1:1i((II<' I<' 1,,1!/ !\~11iflc : ,l111~r1. lo11111c>y(.'r. All11~lor1
:lllX 1ilc~ clc~ ~\lttic11s (ll'll'l'llflSl'S jt1irs.
l#E CO~IDAT D,\NS I.E c:IIEMIN DE YAIIWll 121
t1nits ,,,,'il ,c11t <l<>1111c1 h l'isJ1,111 n1nbc 1 fils de l'isla1n jt1if, il (liOe
ses s1,11(l111(s, nfi11 ,le i11st1fner ,,ic et vigt1c11r. I .. es A1nl,es n'att-
l11i
101111111'1111 s<'11I l)il'tl, '\'nl1,v ; 1111 se11l cl1ef q11i le11r trnnsn1ctl1A l<'s
,>1,lrt's ,le! \"nli,,, : 1'1,>11011111,e(I, 1111c cnpitolc 1eligie11se, l.,a f\lec-
,,,,e : 1111 S<t1I pl"e1n1>1e, ,l<li i1 '\rnl1\\1 : ln l{n'lln. l~t po11r 11101q11e1
,~cl I<' 1111I<', cl1nc111t! n1111e le J>te1i11nge 1n~se111l>l<'ra en 11ne gra11-
li,,sc 1111111ifestnlio11 l<ltls les 11111s11l111nniss, CJtli (1oivenl <lso1-
111:1is Ofl1>:11lr11i1 to11s l<'s 1>1ivilgPs. Nc>tts ne voyons en cela a11ct111e
l1,1c(' 111 ~t11ic rrligict1:t <le ~lol1n111111ecl. Il 11011s sttfOI <l'ot1vri1 IR
llil,IC' 1>(1111 <"(>1111>re11clr<~ lc's i11lcnlic,11s cl11 rnl>l>in ; lorsq11e le ioi
.f,1si:1s, tt11 \'fic si~c~)c 11vn11t J.-~., vo11lt1t 1ff>t111c1 Je ct1llc et le crn-
l1tlis(1 :'1 .r,1,snlc111, il i11,'c><Jt1n ln lrgislulic>n (111 I>et1lro11on1c :
~\',,trs ~1l>olirr;: l1>t1s les lie11x oi1 les 11etl[lles r1t1~ ,ot1s ,l~pcls ..
~t~<I<'?. :1111,,111 ~c1vi lt't11s ,1i~t1x ... ; vot1~ ,IP111oli1cz lc111s nttl<'ls,
l,,i~.<'t('\z IC't11s sf{\lcs, nl)nll,r;: lt't11s 11ic11x snc1s, l>rtill'rez nta
f11 l<s i111:1gl'S sct1l1>lcs <I(' l<'tt1s <lic11x, el vo11~ nl>olircz le111
ll(llll <111 <"C ]Cll.
A l'(~gr,t(I ,lt' ''ni,,,,~ ,ol,e l)('tl V()tts ngi,ei ,l'n11lre so1lc.
\'(llfS NI~ \'IENl)l\l~~ ,,,otl\'l:1, \' ..\Jl\\'I~ vo11,E lllEtf Qtl'Au I.IEU {:JtOISI
1.\11 J.,1 1 1. ,~N11,,~ T<>1,11~s \'f>S Tlttritrs. JlC>t1 1 y 1>lncer so11 N,>1n et
f,,
I '~ iJ<' 11n 1>i I c 1 V (, t I s "!t' 1l 1>1, <, 11c 1ez v c> s 11o I oc n , 1s l <' s (' t v o ~ s n c 1i-
ri,<',;, ,c1s (li111e~ <'I IC's 1,1fsc11ts clc ,,c,s 111ni11s, vos ofT111n<les voli-
''('s ri,,,~ ofT1n11,1C's \'<>lcltl(;1i1cs, les pt"<'lllet~ 11rs <1e vof1c ~l'(lS
{'I <I(' ,c,t,c ,,clil ]lflnil, ,,n,,s ")'
111n11~e1cz c11 111c~t'nre (le~ Ynl,,v<'
,,.,,,., . l>i"'' <'I ,,,,1,s ,c,t1s 1,,j,,11i1r7. (fe 10111 <.'<~ (Jtlc vos 111ni11s
:1111"()111 :11)1)(11'((~, \'f)IIS ('( \'()S 111ni.sc)IIS 'l>C'IIS (le )'1111\V(\ vc,11('
llir11 ~ (l>,11t. XII, 2-8). - ,,(,it 1111~si li, Jll41i11lc cl<.' 1"fl,ir :
J\irtl Ir~ r,,i::; .
i'<~lnis 11Ja~c,l11111C'tll SCtll tl v~11i1 ('fi 11lr1ir111gc'
i, .,,,,,1~11le111. flflt11 snlisft1irr. n ln loi c1 11i ,,l>ligc l,lttl ls1ttl i,
,,,11>c'l11i1,~:, ('l',,I,. 1, (i). - - El r11cc,1c 1)('111. X\'I, lfi-17 : C T,oiq
r,,is ,,:11 :111. ()11 ('ll\'('1"1:1 l<ttlS )('~ lllJ\lf'S (l( ('llC'7. toi, (1<'vn11t Yoll\\'('
1
lc,11 l>i<'11. 1111 lir'II r111'il 1111111 <l1<>i~i : i, ln fle (le~ A1.y111e~, h ln
r,~,(' n
(lcs s('lllni11Ps. 1,, fc1 tc 1es 1c,1le~. Att('tln ne~{\ 1>rSC'lllt'1,,
lc's 111:,i11s ,i,lrs cl<',n11I ''ni,,,,~ ;
111nis rl1nc1111 (lc,1111<'1n i1 11,
111rs111l' clr ln l,t.'ll(~(litli<,11 Cfll(' ''itl1,vt~ l(>ll Oie,, t'n11rn <l01111c ,.
'.,(' 111ss:1.(.!t' 'Ill(\ ll()tts 0\'()IIS S(ll1lig11 re,n

C()lllp1e11,11e C()lt1l,ir11
ln I,;!!"'''''' f)'A,,1-nl,,1111 f,l11,lnlf\111 clr f .. n J\,f('tq11c el ,le ln l{n'l,n vi11I
n 1)ni,,1 11,,1,r ~<'rvir IC's 1>ln11s cl11 111l,l>i11. C:cl11i-c-i 11c cl1crcl1e 1>ns S<ltl
i11~1i1nli,,,, 11ille111s c111c clnr,s 111 'l'<11n ; c'c~t elle Cftti lrncc Je cl,~-
1,1i11 :', ~1,iv1~. T.. cs A 1n1><'s .it1(111st~s 11'<11t qt1'h s11iv,~e l'exe1111>le <le~
,,11cic,11s .J,,irs. 1"1111 co,11111<' I( 'l'c1111>I<' fie .J~rt1snlc111 evoit l le Jic11
cl1)~i t>nr Yt1l1,v 11ot1r t,c le ce11lre <le )'1111it 1elii(i~t1se et Jl(>lili-
11<' cl'ls111t;I, cle 111~111e la 1{:\'l,n (le J . n Mccq11e, lict1 cl1oisi nt1lrcfois
122 1.. '1,c,r.. A~r AnADE EN Pt(ARCIIE - LA GUERnB

))n1 '\'aJ1,, Jlf>111 r111c l~s l1al)ila11ts dt1 rlse1t vien11ent )' invoq11cr
So11 No,11. ,toit rt t<' netl<>~'e (les i<l<,le~ q11i l'cnco1nbrr11t po11r tleve--
11 ir l 'hol)i Incl e cl 11 S<'tl l vrn J) ie11 (f 011 t to,, les les Iril,11s clcvront
clsor111nis 0J>se1,e1 la J.,oi. C'est ni11si qttc se rrern et sr. mninlien . .
1lrn l'11nit 010l>r, fno1111re s11r le n1o<llc <le l'l111it jl1ivc. JI est
clone t1rge1lt fl'<'11lrr1>r<'ttflrc ln 111tte c-onf1e les inn<iles, <le recon-
<111frir l.1n l\tcrr111e, <le 1occltJ>er ln l{n'l>a.
CIIAl)l"fRE 1
IJA l,ll l~RllE 'ftlEDJNOlSE

LIVRE VIII
L'ISLA ARABE EN ARC - E

LA GUERRE
LA RECON UTE DE LA KA'BA
A. - PERIOl)E DE 622 627 (ap1>1oximalive1nenl)
1. - (:oNSllll~RATIONS GNRAI.ES.
l ..'l1t.~gi1c 11'nvoit 1,ns t 1111 ,l11nrl volontaire, 11i 11ne Jlto1nenn<1c

cl'ng1f'IIIC'lll. f:e fltl \Ille ftlf~ COllSl!Cltlive O llne rncfOll f1ost)C', R
t111e rx1,11lsi(l11. C:'e~l cc c111e 11011s lnisse clni1e111ent cnt1evoi1 ce vc1-
sct (le )11 s<>111nle III :
1U1. <:et1x <lo11c q11i ont n1ig1, fJll ont l ex1>t1lss de let1r )1nl>i-
l1ll, (Jtti 011t t 111olesls ,Jans l\1on Cl1cmin, ont comhnlltt el
<>111 l lt1s, J'effocc1ni po111 ct1x Jeurs ma11voises oclions et
Je lt'S f crni entrer tlnns l('S J nrdins sot1s lesqt1cls cottleron l
les r11issenux.
N(,11s s0111111es loin <1e Ir, c f.(ttctre sninle, lt1 <ll111l de la p1io(le
11 l('C<l tl<)s<'. 1.. e rn 1>1,i 11 encott 111 geni I n l01s Mo11 a1nmed 1li l lPr, cer-
l(\s, (,,11lrc l('S i,l<>lnl1cs : N'ol,is pns at1x incroyn11ls, 1nnis co111-
1,.,1~-lcs O\'('C fc,tce ,ln11s t111 co111l>al 1>lei11 <l'a1(le11r > (1 ). Mt,is on
11't.111,,11tlnit llns e11ctl1e le IJ111it (les ci111ete11es. Il est l101s de tlot11,,
q11'n 1~1loc111c 1nec111<,ise, (le violenles q11erclles s'levrent enltc
A111l,cs j11,l,,ss cl A1nbe~ icloldl1es. Nous avons racont cln11R
11,,11e 2" ,,t,lt1111e to11l<!s lcR i11sl1llcs (l(>tll se gralifl1e11I l<'s (leux 1>n1-
lis. (~(' 11c r11l ,,ns 1111e u11er1e i\ 1>1opre111cnl pnrler. L'tal de Rt1c11c
1e1)1l IIl 1, n r 1'C X p 11 Js () 11 <1e S 111 l l S 11 l11l A 11 iS S C l JO V O) 0 n l <1e C e S nC1'-
11 Pl' S, 1ff11gi~s Mi,cli11e, ,le 1p11lre1 cliez e11x et cle foire <le ln l{a'ha
lc111 <r11l1e ,le ct1lle h Ynl1,,,~. Si les lge11<lrs 1elnlives n ln co11s-
l111<li,,11 ,te 111 l{n'l>n 1,n1 Alltnl1n1,1 nvnie11t co111R ovnnl l'n1,oslt,lnt
clt1 1:1l,l,i11, 111111s ,J,,v1i,,11s C()11rl111e 'fll'cll~s 11'lnient J>ns nccc1>lcs
1,01 l>11s l(s A,nl,c~ c111, n 111oi11s (le s'nv(>tter 1,11l,li([t1c111ent rc11~-
gnls, lC's <l<,ll\l1C'R 11c 1>011vnir1,t nrceJ>lcr ces lgen<les t11onoll1is-
lcs, <'tl11l1ni1L'S lettt' ct1llc tics itl<>les. C'est 1>ot11c1t1oi no11s som111t'S
( 1) Sc, 111. X X V, 5 4 ; v o i 1 11. ZAK An I As, op. c I t., t. 1I, p. 233-235.

126 l~'tSl~.~~t ARADE EN 1'1ARCIIE - LA GUEI\RE
fc,1le111enl e11lli11 n 1>c11se1 fltle les lge11cles (>1111,t1 lre lnnces tlo11~
le~ 1>111,lic p111 le 1nl>l,i11 l11i-1111nc'. l~lles fnvo1is1e11t si11gt1lirc111e11l
:;011 n1>t)Slc)lttl lc,111 1111 <les J>Cllll~ J>ti11C(lflllX COllSS(nl lnflli1
ln Kn'l,n le ce11l1e clt1 ct1lle cle Ya,11,v ; elles le fnvo1is1e11t 111111e
1101> l>ie11, n 1111 tlc,i11I c111cinl (le sn cn11i1e, 1>0111 qtte 11011~ voyions
l 11n si1111>le cfl'el <ltt l1o~n1,1, <111i nttrait fnit s111gir n 1>oi11l 1101nn1
C<'!-1 S<>t1ve11i1s ~ lt l'ext1oc,rli11ni1e 1n111oi1e cles <11ie11lnt1x > 11
l 111 l1ul,it si bit11 r1jt1sl 11011s f1,il 1,e11ser nnl11relle111e11I il 1111 excel-
le11t lnillet11.
A,l111ettons, s011s 1>rettV<.' 1<~isive, ,,,,c l'exp11sic111 clcs 11111s11l111a-
11iss nil e11 lit!tl c11 (;22. Aclr11l'll,l11~ cln11s les 111111es c<111,lilio11s ffttc
l\lol1n111111e~1iocle cle (lix
1111s ,111'il rnt1t css11~c1 11,, 1r111,1,1r11l1c. 11 ,1111 t,111lc cl<><~t1111,11ll1li,,11,
1lc11x s<t11ces (l'i1,rc,1111nti(>k1 s't>lf1t~11t i, 11011s : 1 111 ,Si,a : 2 les
,l,lrs ,Ir. l'l.~ln1,1.
1.. n ,ira est J,, t'C'<"t1eil le 1>lt1!i i11c1>le ,111'011 nit j:1111nis rctit st11 t111
~,,jel cl'l1ist,,i,t'. 1>e1,11is J.,11111111l'11s, to,11 le 1no11<lt~ (2) esl cl'nc!< 01,I 0
1,c,111 ,111nliftr1 tcll<' 'fltllJ>ilnti,,11 ,le fnl,les, <le c1oc~1,111e11l nnli-l1istc,-

1i,1t1e. llJ,1cl11<' tl:111,,ge <'e j11gc111<'nt. 1. . n 'l"1nlili,l11 J1i(1~1n1>l1i-
c111c >, <:1il-il 11,1 s11jC'l clt' 1,, lll(lJI clc f\l<,l1n111r11c(l, csl 1>1o<lig11c de
l>1111rcs ~,,,. l(s fl( l'IIl t~ j(lt11s cl11 fo11cl:1lc'tt1 clc l'J~ln11,is111r. El
1 1
,,,1111ln11I, 011 rtl,,,.C' l1l11I ,le C(lttl1n(licli(,11s, 111111 ,l',1l>sf~t11il~, ''(lire

1,1,,r,,is lrltll ,le silr11l"<' cl1111s S<'s 1<~,.. ils, f)tte J'l1islc,1ie11 rltlil nvcltler
11't,11,, 11n~ l,en11c,,t1JJ r11ic11x 1C'11sci,-!11 s111 l11 fin cl( 1\1n11,,111cl ,111c st11
s11 11ni~~n11cl' > (:l). 'l"(>tls les l1isl,11iens sc,1,1 aclt1clle111<'nl t111n,1i111cs
it 1,,c,1111nil1c <fttC' )11 .c;i,n <1l ln 'l'1nclilio11 1,c 11r.11,c11l scrvi1 cl(' l>nse
J,,
s,~1-it'll~C' Jl(Jltt 1:1 1,,, ,,,slil11licl11 l1islc,,i<Jtl<' clc vit' clc 1\'1>11n111111e,I,
clt' s,,11 n1,c>sl,,lr1I, ,,1 clc's >ti~incs flr l'Isln,11. ,';;ira. 1'1a,lifio,1. Jln,lilz.
1r11,,r11l "'c i11lit1,~1r111111c11t t~l:1sss ,ln11s Ir gr111c 1nr,>1lln1~ >.
,:C' 11'l Sl l''1lni11l'111f't1I llns st11 tcs 1nc<l11ln1s ((t1'111l l1isl,11ie11 flt t1l
1 1
s'ntlJlll)'l'I' ~'il \'('Ill l'l1r1<l1c1 0 <."Olll)ll'Cll ( llC le (ltltl<' isl111111Jtle.

C,l1111nl n n,111s, 11,11,~ 11'n,1111s lc1lt11111c1111 Cfl1111>te le re~ clo11nfcs fon-
lnisisll's flf)lll" ln 1,r1i,1clC' lll('lqttflSC. N(.IIS Stlllllll('S llnrf21ile111c11t
1t'sc>l11s i1 11'r11 fni,r n11ct1n cns 11,,111 111 1,,,1i<lC' 111,,,li11,,i~r. 1.cs _ic11-
11<'~ ro1n11isnnls n l'r~111il ]il,rr. Jlflt111niC'11I n,n11l11gr11sc111r11I s'nlln-
111c1 n11 111<ll,li111e cle ln ,,ntP111 l1islori111e ctC' ln ,";i,a et cles 11,rclilz.
C)11 llC ll<'III Jlns ,,i,1(' i11cln11i111c11I . , :,,,e11gli111r.11I ~,, . (~('S (l(ll)ll(~('S
rn,111,isi~le~, l1rs ~,,11,,,nt slttJ>i,les. N,,11s lrs cilo11s Jln1r,lis 1,<1111
l'1111111se111c11l cl11 IC'lr11r llie11 ,;,111ilil>1, 111nis il C'SI cxl1111r1,1<11l
11fOigrn11l cle llr1,~r1 <fll<' r111nl1e cC'11l 111il]ior1s ,l'l1,,111111cs s,1111 lllo-
x i(1t l r ~ t' l r n 11 n t is (' s Il n ,. (1e Il' 11 l' s 1)11 1i VC111{' s .
(2l S;,11r Ir~ 11111"11111,nn~. t,ir11 r11lrt1,l11.

(3) 111.ACIIRllE. /.t' f'r<)f1lr111e rie ,ll,1/10111r/, Il, 127-1:!8.
LA OUERRE MDINOISB 127
Nt>tls Jtetsvrero11s ,lo11c Intis l'o1>plicoli<,n <le nol1e n1ll1o(lc,
c'esl-n-<li1c fl1111s la leclt11e ex<~gli(I 11e des Acles de l'lsla,n, 11i
1c1,rsc11lc11t J>Otlr ll(>IIS le sct1l el 1111iq11e doct1111cnl v1ai111ent l1is-
lf>tic1tr<', cl1111s l'e11se111l)le, st11 les 01igines tle l'lslo1n arabe Ln
1\lec<111e, cl ~ttr s011 clvelo1>1>e111t'lll Mcti,1e. Notrs not1s loisso11s
si11111lc111c11l t'(>t1(lt1i1e 1>nr les lcxles, vilont e le11r faire di1e ce
(ftt'ils 11e c<,11lienne11l pos cl, 1>nr conscJt1c11 t, <le les p1essttrer po111
les fai1e e11lrcr dA11s le cadre <les <lonnes l1odilionnelles.
L<s c11011isnnts >nt tolnle1ne11t 111anq11 l'l1isloire de l'lsla1n
1\l(li11e, t>nrcc qt1'ils ont p1is un fnt1x d1>a1l.
- l ...<~s 1111s, ava11t 111111c l'ol>order l'annlyse des textes, i1nagi-
11t11l <fttc 1,,,,1c celle l1istoire 111<li11oise a l conclt1ite par Mol1a111-
111t~(1 lt1i-111111c. Sn11s <l<,11le, - <lisent-ils - f\1o11ern1nc(I n'ot1rait pas
tt,11~11 cltt jcl111 ntt le11le111ni11 1111 llla11 <l'oclion hicn <lflni, n1>1s
s<lll ex1>t1lsi<,11 <le f.,n l\lec<Jttc. Mais ln11l st1priet11e1nent inlellige11t,
il 011111it 111c><lcl sn fa,111 (l'ngit s111 1111e obse1. valion orir<>le <les
t~,,11e111r,1ls ... 1"011t ccln 11'esl q11'1111 verl>ioge sR11s co11sisln11ce. ()11
1c11r ,li1e 11'i1111>c>1lc q11c1i <ls (ftte 1'011 n1Jn 11(lon11c les textes.
- Jl,,111 ,l'1111l1es co1nnisn11ls, 1"ltll1n111111c(I tolil to11t <le suite 1111
1,1011 11111r11ilc111enl ,lfi1ii.
l . ~s 1111s cl les 011l1es 11'f111t 011l>li <111't1n sct1l 1>ui11t ; c'est q11c,
(l'n111s les A,~tcs ,l1! l'l.-;ln1,1, M,l1n111111c(I 11'n1111n1nit jnn,nis co111111e
1,giss:,11l (le st,11 1>10111e cl1ef. Q11n11<1 il sc111l>le ngi1 pc11;on11ellcr11er1l,
1,~,l,>1111(11,s (l'nlle11tio11, sc1t1lo1l~ l1ic11 les lexies ; 11ot1s a1>ercevrcl1ls
nlc,1s, i1 flllt'lc111('S ,,crsels (le <lisln11cc, (l'11ne faon claire, le rol1l,i11
li1n11I les ficelles ; cl 11n1lot1l, 11011s 1encontro11s sn 1>e11se. No11s
l'ltV<>tls v,, (101,s 1111 volt1111c 111c,lcnt, Mol1am111ecl n'n jn1nnis et1
tl,, 111:111 JlC'1s<,11r1el 11i 1c,t11 cc111ve1li1 les Arnl.>cs nt1 jt1(l11s111e, 11i
1,,,111 <l1~i111isc1 ln s,1c~il nrnl>c s111 le 111odle <le lo socit j11ive. Il
11 ,,1 r:1\<,1111,~ 1,n1 1111 .J11if. A l\l<linc, s'il clevie11I cl1ef ,le ln ccl1t1
1111111:111lt~ le~ 111t1st1l111n11iss, il 11'nRirn ja111nis c111e sot1s ln (li1eclio11
le s1l11 11111il1e. f\10l1n111111<'(I 11'n jn111Ais t 1111 cl1ef J>r1111c111enl
1>1111~\. l)111n11l to11le sa vie n1>ostoliq11e, il 11e fut c1t1't1n conl1c-1nni-
l1e.
1.. ,, sr,,)11lc c11e111 tics rorn,,isnnfs, c'est <l'nvoi1 <!111 c111c ~10l10111-
111<'1. n i1<~li11e, nvnil vot1111 1nlliC'r les Jttirs o l'lsln111. C'csl 1,,,11
si1111,lr111C'11I g1otC'sq11c. I~n nffl1111n11t J>Oreille sol lise, ces co1onisnr1ls
clt~1,,,,11l1c11l tl't111e fnl11 it,(1111,ilnl>le <1t1'ils 11'onl rien co1,11>1is n11x
1l1igi11's l1i~l(11iq11<'~ le l'l!-1li1111. l~'lsln111, nous le snvo11s n 1>1sc11I,
r'esl ltl 1eliuic111 <les .J11ifs S(lt11nis n Yn11,v. Le tnl,l>in )11i-111~1nc
cli,,i~<' relie 1,i~loit<' r11 lct1x 1>n1lies : les 11111s,1lmn11!i 011t-111oso-
r11r<'s, n,n11l )n 1>10111111gnli,,11 rie ln 'fo1n: p11 is le~ 11111s11l111n11s ex1,li-
cil~!11r111 sclt1111iR h 111 Loi, <lc1l11is l\lose. l\'luR11l111nn~ nnl cl post-
t1l()S:1r1,,,,~ tl11t ceri cle co1111111111, <Jtt'ils so11t to11s lll>tettx 011 Jt1irs.
ll:111~~ l'l,isl,,itc tle l'Islnr11is111c, les J11ifs so11l, J>ottr 11i11si <li1c, les
128
J.. ISI.Al\f AIIAlil~ ~N ~IAl\(!IIE ... J..A GUEIII\E
1>1c111ic1s 1111nlc,g11,s ( 1). l . 'Isln111 se <l(i11il esse11liclle111e11l 1101 Jo

S<>11111i~sic,11 1,11 l )i<'ll 1,l11t-(l11issn11l.
I>i1c 1>01 t,11st'1111c11I c111'n l\lt~,line ~l<,l111111111c<I s'eff11cern cl'nlli-
1c1 lt'S .J11ifs i, l'lslt1111, c'est 1111e a1l,s111,lil i11cc,111111e11st11nl.,le.
l\lc,l1n111111r<I, c111i n,nil t,,111 l"('lt - el c111i 1erevi1il c'11co1e tc,11t
tics J11ifs, 11'n,nil 1ir11 n
lc,11 n1>1>1e11<l1t~ ; il 11'11v11il 1>n!i les n
!itl11i1e t><llll' l<'s 11lli1e1 <ln11s sa C<>111111 11nn11l ,le 11111s11l111n11iss.
,\ vn11ce1 <IC' l'ls lll"<>1>,,s, c'est n,,.,1,c1 1111c l<>l11le ig11c>1n11ce ,1es J>to-
l,l111<'s c,>1011i11e cl isln111ic111c~.
J.,es corn11is:t11ls ()tif e11,01c cl1011 11,11 ln 111i~ll11l<le <111'ils 011t
tlatlisie et n1>1>lir111fc. lis c>11I cc,111111e11c J>nr i11g111gilc1 Cf>111nge11-
se111<11l les i11si1,iflcs l1islt11itllt~ clcs c:,l111111r11lnlc111~ 111:1l><'s ; l1is-
l,l1iclles c111'ils 11'c,11t 1,11 <.,,11l1<",Jc1, 1>111te <Jtt'cll<'s sc111I, ,le fuit,
i11co11l1til11l>lcs. t 111e fc>is s,11111-~s ,le cc f:1l1ns, ils c11I e11l1()1)1is lo
lcclt11c titi flst'11cl,,-l:c1n11, 1>c1s11r1fls c111'il f1tll1,il nl,sc1l11111c11l l'
l1,,11ve1 t111n111111litllt ,le 1011s les 1"t1<<111lt11s (/1,1,litz) tic li, 'l"1nclilio11
111t1s11J1111111<'. (:ltll<' <,,11(i1111nli<>11, ils l'c,111 lc>11jo111s l1,,t1vc exncte ..
1
111Clll ('()llllllC ()Il 11'()11\"(~ lc>ttl CC' (lll C)ll VCIII cln11s lcs ,,,,111l1lics cle
N<)Sl111cln11111s :o. Ils sc,111 r111i,t;S ni11si fl f:1l,1ifJll('f s111 l\Jc,lt11111111e,I
fc1t1s lts 1c>111:111s l,i1>g1n1,l1i,111cs (ltlc 11011s c,11111nisscln~ : r.e 11e so11t
\'llllll'llt (fllC cll S 1c,111,111s, 111('\IIIC sils () Ill l<~ ('(IIIIJ)C)Sl~S Jllll' cl'1ttl-
1
ll1c11li<111('S r111li:1111ls lcls <JllC (:1111,ltf1tl)'-l>C'111(1111l,~,,1cs 111i, lc>tll

t11 ,~1,1111 <'(ltt11>c;1,,,11s cln11s lct11 SJ>t;ci11lil )i11g11isli,1t1C', 11'<~11 ig110-
111ic11l 1>ns 111c>it1'; lt's C'XgC'tt(rs ,1ili,111cs ,le lit 111tll1c,cl<' l1ist,,1i11t1c,
:'1 lillfllf'll<1 ll<>IIS cl,111('111.C'l'ClllS (i,Jilc llfllll" ('SSll~'('l' clc' clc'gnge1 1111 J>Cll
tic' ,t'1ilc~ cl:,11s I<'" 18 s,,111:tlC's r11c\cli11c,isc's.
I~,iclc111,11<'11I, 11 1c' ."11ll;1I ,le 11<,11(' C'XJ><lSc; sc111 1,l11s llt1slc'1(, 111c,i11s
cir1c'111:1lc,~1:11>l1i,111c'. Il ~ g:1g111111 ('C'lll!ll ln11l cr, ,p1il l1ist,,ri,11rc ;
('tI:, SClll IIClllS llll)l)I' ((~.
( 1) l .. c~ (:1ni~11:,11l -lli,11. lt~ l111111l,lc's, ls 1itt1x. 1,s 11:111,1,~ ,l1 \':1ll\\',

lc" ~()IIIII" n,rt ('Clltll:1111c, rlrsit-'llf'lll f'nl>t)l"CI le-~ .lt1irs. (:',si ('(! <111':1 l1~
l,i,11 11c>lf' A. (i1~1 . 1~. 1., .., /1,,,,rrrs ,/( l',,/,1r1c~. ,,. 7(;.77, C'II 1,111:11r1111111l Cll1C' c Ir
ltl'l'IJIl'l J . \';111 ., ,. 1 1.,i~~ ll ('S(lllS~ 1111 r:11,1,rc,,l1('lllf'III Stl;.!!-{t'Slir f'llltc ,,,,n,r
0 1
,,,,,.'-1;,,, ,,,,,,,,rr.t

(1>:t11,1t) et (~t111111i~) > l (i11 /,,., (/'/sr,rff. clil1ts ()11,tlc'sln111rn-

ti~l1t s1,1,1ii.'11. \'Il. I' 2fj7l. C , .. ,, c:,,r:111 tl1cl'(l1r. i1 r,,,,., . ,.
Sflll ,, ,,., ,,,,, ,
11ligic11~ ,l:-.11~ 11111 :1ltil11rl<.' clC"? ~0111t1ic;si1,11 11111111,lc ri c,,nfin11tc c111i 1~1111-
g11c1nil :1,1 lc111111'1 :1111,111 11nl111cI clc l',i111(' ,11:11,r.. c l~t il :1 1cg~11lt! Al,1:1J1:1111
c1,1t1111t le t~1>r 111 l'l1,1111111t 1rliRi111~. lt ,,,,,sli,,,,
Ir ~1,,1111is-i1-lli<'11 (11111s l:1
r,,i ,, ~:t ll,,l:1lic111. 1.:, 1,nl,11ilt" clc 1cII< 1li11c,111i1111lic,11 ~ r~t 111r111<' r1llri-
l111rl' Jlll ,,:1lri:,1cl1 t . \ 1 rlI' ~()lll'. XXII, ;7 : Il (Al,1:111:11,1) \'flllS n llfllllllll!~
crl-,,1,,sll111i, ,,,111:11:,,:11,1 tI r,1 crtlc ltt',ilnlio11 .. >
LA GUI~RI\I~
2. - J>l\l~l\(ll~ns lll\lJtrs DE GUl~I\I\E. 1~01 l)U TAI.ION ET PARTAGE DU BUTIN.
C'est <ln11s 111 s0111nle Il, <ttie 1>0111 Jo prc111ire fois, notts enlen-
clc,11s <les l1111ils e g11e1re. Eco11lo11s les pat<>les d11 rol,bi11 :

1-IR. () vs r111i c1<>)'ez I l)cr11on<lcz oi<lc n ln co11sln11ce et Ja

J>1ii,1c. Yn11w csl avec les co11sla11ls.
11~). Ne clilcs J><>i11I lie cc11x fft1i s011l lt1s <ln11s le C:l1c1ni11 clc
\'i,11,v (5) : c (Ils s0111) 111<>11s - Non l)Oint. (Ils sonl) vivn,1ls,
111t1is v<>11s ne (le) p1essc11lcz pns.
l!i(). c:c,lt's. 11<>11s vo11s 1>1011ve1c>11s por t111 1>c11 <le c1ni11te, clc
r:,i111 ,,1 clc <li111i11t1lir111 cln11s V<>s l,iens, vos perso1111cs el vc,s
f111ils ! 1\1:,is f11is grf1cict1sc a1111once nt1x Conslonls
l!>I. ,,11i, 11ll('11ls J>nt 1111 c,,ttJ> <111 s<>1t, clise11t : c No11s 5(11n111cs il
\' n 11 ,,, c I l... t1 i 11011s 1evcno11s 1
l!'i2. S111 cr11x-lil, ctcs l,,11,lil~li<,11s cl 1111e 111is1icor<lc <le ln pn1t

let11 Scig11ct11 1 <.:e11x-l s011l <ln11s ln IJ011ne lli1eclio11 ().
1. c 1r,l>l,i11 s'n<lt<ssc t1t1x A1nl>es, 011,c Atnl,e~ 11111st1l111n11iss ri

1,ic'tl ,r:,l,li~ cl1111s lc111 f,1i 11t1 l>ict1 ,l'ls1ol. Pn1111i ct1x, J>lt1sic111!i
S()II( cl('.i=' lll()lls ))()lit' lct11 r,,i. N,,,,. il~ llC ~011( J>RS lll()l'IS. V()llS
s:1,1 <'1. <fttr. ,,,1t1~ clc llic11 cl c111c volis rclo11111ez l)iet1. Ils 11c
Vt'11ci
sc111I 111s 11101ls. lis 11<! ~1,11l 1>11s n11u11lis. Ils so11t relo11111s vr,s
''111,,,...,, \'('l'S 111 Vic (ftti Ile n11il t>ns. c:e 11'esl ,,ns l<>lll. Je VOllS 111()-
,1,els tl'1111l1l'~ ~111c11vcs <'ll<'Cl1c : Votts s<,t1ff1i1cz <lo11s vos 1,e1-
sc>1111C's <'I ln11s vos l,i<'11s, 111r,is SO)'e7. co11stn11ls. Ln rco1111,e11sc. llllt'
0
l"('('()llll)l'IIS(' Slll>l 111c et StlllS n,1, C()tt1onne1n V()!'t 8()l1IT1n11ccs. J.,'i111-
l)f)l'l:111l l'Sl <IP 111011,ia ficllcs i, vot,e f<>i. c Cc11x q11i so11l i11fl<llcR
cl 11,i 111c111(\11l infl<lles, Rt11 cr11x-l, ln 1nnl<licli<>n <le Ynl,w, ,le
S('S /\11gcs et tics l10111111cs, c11s<'111J,I~, 111al<liclio11 qtt'i1~ st1l,iro11I,
(fi) ,:.1lni11s to,n1r1rntntc,11s 0111 ,011111 voi1 iri 11nr. nll11slon n11 cornl,nl
(1< C)l,,,,1 ,,,, f,2:.. ~lnis qttrl1C' 1,1('11,e n-l-011 1>0111 n1,1>111cr celle n~scrlior1 ?
\',,i, 1,1,1~ l,i11 ,,. 107 tI sq.
(fi) s,,,11. Il, 148-152.
9
130 1.. ' ISLA~I AIIAIJE F.N ~IAI\CIIE LA OUEI\I\E
i111111(,1lcls, SllllS fJllC lt 'l'"cllll111e11l soil ttllg I>Olll ellX el SAllS q11i1 1
1c l 1,. ~,, i I cI c>1111 <' (1t, 11 r 1, c11 e ~ (7) .

l . 'l't1seig11c111c11t cl,,g111nli,111c cl,1 1nl>l,i11 11r vn1ie ,,ns : le gratt(I
11,,l)li. 111c (le l11 ,i<', t'csl 1:, f<> 1111 l)ictt Uni(Jtle, l)ic11 U11i,111e CJtti
s'csl 1,~J i, ~l(lsc s,11 lt n1c,11I-Sin11, ln fc.>i e11 ln l1s1111ection et
1111 .J11ge111,11t J)c111i<>1 ,111i 11ll1il,11C'1n it cl1nc111c )1,1111111e ce 111i lt1i est
cl1) : l>,>11l1c111 c111 lf>l11111r11l. r.Jnis 1111c 11uli,>11 11<>t1velle s'oj<,11te
1\ 1l~ ( 1i Il e (1n 11s ICs ] ) I' l. ' 1iC:' l i ()11 s C l C (l 11 sC i Is (1l 1 1. nI>1)i)l : s () y (~ z CO 11 s -
l:111ls rt 1>1<111,e7. ,cll1c foi jt1sr111':'1 ln tlr tle fic vc>s Lieras cl 111111c
jt1sc111':111 sn(1ifilc~ clc ''<ll1(' ,ic 1lclt1ellc 1
ll11 fnit esl ('('tli1i11 : ,ls IC' (ll>ltl (le l'111ig111tio11 fi l\l(li11c, Oil
;;(' IJnt, il)' n 11\(~Jllr cft'S l)l()l'IS. Cc S()III les A111l>cs lllllSt11111:111isrs qt1i
se l,1\llt'nl cl J,,s ,l,l(.~ ,/,! l'l.'il,1111 111,li11oi.~ 11011~ 1clulc11l ln p1e-
111i1e 01nis<111 f1111ilt1 t' ,111 111lll>i11, 1><>t11 t'<'ll,1cr 1111c 111c111i1c vic-
li111c 11c ln r,,i. Il fnt1I SC' 1t'S<)tt<l1c r11 lis:1111 les 1\<lc. i, 11c clf<o11-
,,i1 le rfl11il ()(s f.tils ((11(' JlC[I :'1 fl('II. J.,c tnf>J>ll 11':1 f)nS Cfllll)lOS
s (, 11 1i ,, 1< s l' 1cl t 1 1r ~ 111 i l l1, , , 1(' s r In s s i,111 r s n c l , , c 1t e s . 11 1>1<, t <1r. 11 n 1
l,1il>rs, 1n1 111t>l'lc:1t1x clc 1t~:,lil. Si 11<>11s sc,11111t<!s rc1tni11s ffllc les
11111st1l111:111sl;s sr l1:1llr11l, 11c,11s igrl<>ro11s t~ncc>1e, l'<'1>r11<li111l, l'i<le11-
lil cle l<'l11s ncl,<'1s:1i1cs . l\l11is nc,11s ne lo 1<l('1c>11s r>n!-1 i, les ("011n,1i-
1,,, .
18(\. (:c,111l:1IIC'Z ,J:111" le ( )lC'lllII ,le' '\'11)1,, C'CllX (JII ''C>llS ('Cllll)>11l-
0
(c11(, 111l1i~ 11c' s,,~cz J>ns l1n11~g1rssct11s 1

'1':111,,t 11':1i111e 11:as lc's l11111sg1cssc111s.
IH. 111rz-lrs 1,:11lc111I r,i1 ,<111s lc's nllC'i11cl1cz I l~x,,t11scz-lcs cl'<11'1

ils ,t,11s ,,111 c~1>11ls<!!;. J.,:, 11r1st~r,1 1i,l11 flC's <:1<1_\'1111ls <'SI llite
<r11r )t lltet11l1r. 'f'c111lcrc,!i, Il(' les CC>llll>:1((c7. J>C>i11f ))l't'S clc 1~
0
J\ll'"'lltt S:1t1t~ :1,:1111 111'ls \'fltlS ) ' 11it11I <c1111ll:1ll11s. S'il vc111~
'('
~ ('(lll1l,11llr11l, ltlC'7.-ll'S ' 'l~tllc es l 1., l'('('(llll))('IISC ,lt'S l11fl-

(Jll'S.
llt'\'11111 IC's 1,,,1,!tl<'s lissr1lnli,,11s <le~ ro1n11isn11ls ll(111r (l~11101\-

ltr1 le ('01:lclitl llt~1n11I ,le l'J5J:1111, r111 tl le l1c,il n111<'~s nv,li1 111
t'('S ,lr11x cle111ic'1s ,r1scls, fic clr111t'111c1 l1i's scc1>lirftl<'. No11 set1-
1
l<'tll<'J1l l'J~l:tltl n1r1Jac 11 1'~1 flOS i11c111lgc11l ll tc1lr1n11I, 111nis il e~t
lllt~IIIC, 0 )'i11sl111 <le J'fslnlll ,IIf, lt~ ,lt(licntir, \'S-n-VS <le CCllX
111i 11'1t(l11tc'llc11I 11:-1~ sn fc,i: 'l'ttr7.-lc's 1>n1lc1l1t t>l ,c>tt~ les 11llci11-
,l,e1. ~. clil 1, 1:11,t,i,1 n11x 11111s11l111n11isc.~s nrnl>rs.
()trrls ~(llll ('('~ 111l,r1sni1e~ ,ottrs 1', ln vi11,l('IC ,lrs 11111~t1l1111111i-
~ts '! 1. 1:1l,l)it1 If'" cl;~ig11<' 1>n1 tttll' J>l' l'Jll11nsr : l~x1>11lsc1.-lcs
(7) S1,ttr. Il, 1f,ti 1a7.

I .. A GUERI\E MOINOISB .l ..
<l'c>i1 ils vo11s 0111 ex1>11lss >, c'esl--<li1e, vide1nn1e11t, expulsez-les

(le l .. n l\lec<111c. Les 11111s11l111011iss <le r.fdine cloivent donc retour-
11er h ln l\lecc111e et en exp11lser les polyll1isles <le la Ka'ba, de
fnon o se 1e11(lre c11x-111111es 111nlres i11conlests <le la J>lace, afin
1l'y instnllc1 le c11lle de Ynl1,v. Jlo111 co1nprcndrc la J>lriilu<le <le
ce~ clct1x vc1sels, il fn11droit les n1cliler lo11gt1en1ent. Qttel cl1onge-
111c11t (le silt1nlion 11e s11pposc11l-ils pas ? I ...es 111ust1ln1aniss ont t
cl1nsss <le La Mccqt1e, 1nais Jleine arrivs M<line. Je rol.Jbin
let1r cl,>nt1e comme objectif <le 1etourner <tons le11r ville natale, rle
s'rn 1enfl1c 1nntres cl de fni1e (Je cette cit Je cenlrc de leur nou-
,,elle 1rligio11. Les 1nt1st1lmn11iss <loivent s,empnrer <le ln Kn'l>a, la
1,n,1sfo1111c1 e11 snnclt1aire snc1..; si cet objectif ('Sl atteint, ln Kal>A
se1n \'(>lll'l" n11 c11lle cltt Diett U11ic11tc, (ltt Diet1 (l'Isrnl. Ce faisa11t
les m11s11l111n11iss nralJes nffesteront la victoire <le la Vrit st1r les
i,l,,li\l1cs cf, <lt1 1111ne co111>, ils se spa1eronl de ln frnction <les
.J11ifs 1n<linois qui ne vrt1lc11l n n11c11n 1>rix recttcillir <lans Ic11r
~~'11ngog11<'s ce~ 11111sttl111n11iss qt1i, p<ll1r ettx, <lc111et1rero11t lo11jot11s
(les cle111i-f1re~. si11011 cles fnt1x-f11es. Ln g,1er1e cont1c les poly-
1
111( is Ics 111 ,! cc It1o is n <1o 11 c 1111 (1<1 , 1l>1c b I t l : ns su r e r l n 1e v o n ch e d es

'
11111s11l1111111iss nrnbes co11l1c les ifloltre~, el en mme temps esst1-

rr'1 11n1 celte s11nrntio11 d'avec l\f<li11e, Je11r s1>nralio11 cl'nvec 1111c
<'<'1lni11e clic(tte (le .Tttifs, c'cst-n-cJirc co11q11ri1 lrttr pleine at1to110-
111ie. f .,n_ f{11'l>n ntt liet1 cle rcsle1 1111 len1ple d'i<loles. retrot1vern sa
,Jcsli11nli<>t1 f)tiginel)l', telle ((t1'on ln concevait clnns ce1'lni11s milict1x
n1nl>rs, le 111ilic11 1>1i11ci11nll'J11e11l des C1oyn11ts : te1n11le sacr et
<'C't1l1c (l':1,Jn1nlion clc Ynl1,, . l . . eR 111t1st1Jma11iss n'auront jnmnis
1
(l':ltllrc 1P]igio11 q11e le j11clnis111e, 111nis ce j11clnsn1c, ils le prnliq11e-

,,lr1l ,r~1,1s Je111 J>ro111c c<'t'(~111t,11inl. I . 'Jsln111 clc l\ldine vn pot1r ainsi
<lirc s'nflirl1<'r 011vl"1le111e11l co111111e 1111 lsln111 nL1ll1c11lir1t1e1nc11l
01,,I,<', <'Il f11cc <le l'Isln111 jt1if.
I . . R ~frr(ftle ,t'ltl IC'S i,1nc1~1e~ VOtlS (lOt exp11ls~s 'r11e7.
lt<'Jll.C'lleZ
t,
1r s i 11n(1 1cs 1, n r 1<,, 1t , l tl v <, 11 s 1"s l 1,, v e r r 7.. J~ e 1>11 t et e cc> 11 e g, 1e r ,. e
<'si tl'(~l,,l,li1, 011 pl11s cxnclr111e11I, :-1cl<>111n lgen(1e, d~ rtn1>1i1 tlo11s
ln l(n'IJn le c11ll<' rie Ynl1,,, : c C.n111l,nlle1. j11sq11h ce C(tt'il 11'y ,,it
pl11s tic pc1sct1lion et c111~ le c11llc soit rentlu n Ye11w (8).
Evill"7., 1>11r co11sq11enl, clc co111hRllre prs <lt1 Te,nple sncrr,
(!'cst-n-cli1c Jlts ,le ln J{n'l,n (ftli <loil, J>nr vol1e con(Jttle, 1eclev<'ni1
le l<'1111>l<1 <le Ynl,,,,. S'il~ vo,,s co111l,nlte11t n111>rs cle lo l{n'l,11
111<'1.-l1'~, s'ils C'essc11I ,Je ,,,,11~ coml>Rllrc, nrrlez vos cclttps. C'est
ln 1,,i ,111 lt1li<>11 r111i (l<1it 1gir vol1e allit11de, cc>ttp Jlot11 co,11> ;
C~ s,.,,r. : Il, 180 - 11<>ttr le rt111c rc,,,1,1 Yot,,v, voir plltS loin, p. 152
et Sfl.
132 . LISI .. A~f Afl,\DE EN MARCIIE - LA GUERRE
IIIC)S SOl'l' C()lll1c lll()S snt1. l~es i11fl1lles VOlll 0111 C()llll>olltlS 1>e11-
1ln11( lt' 11,clis s:1t1c'', 11gi:,sc7. <le 111111e v i s-it-vis <l'et1x.
C:c~lle lc>i clt1 l11li<111 ~st sl1iclc111C'11t is1nlilc. )~lie nvnit J>Otll" but
cl'c1111<.-l1e1 clt' l11i~sC'1 lil)1c <1,111s il 111 ,,i11lictc~ 1>nssic>1111elle. Nc>tls
ln 1cgn1clc,11s gt~11c\1,1le111e11l S(>tt~ I'ns1>r.ct <le ltt ,c11gcn11ce ; c'('sl
1
t'xntI, 11,nis il ~ :1gil csse11liell<'t11c11t <le ottJ>c1 les excs tle cette
''t'11gcn11cr, clc li111ilc1 )n <.<,lrc vi11elic1tlivc ; c l~<lt"S<Jtte eles l10111-
11,cs nt1 t'<>t11s cl'1111c 1ixt', l><>ttsc11le1c111t t111e f<~111111c e11clli11le <111i,
le re fnit, nv<,1t,1n, n1nis sn11s en 111<>tt1i1, l't111lc111 (le l'orcitlc11l
1l(l\1,, tln)c, l'i11,lc11111ilt~ i1111><>St'e t>tlr le 11111il1e <le~ celle fc1111ne el
il 11nic1:, tlnt l'i11l< 1111t'\t1i11i1c <l'111l>il1es. ~l1tis si elle e,1 111< 111(, Ill
1 1
,l,11111c1ns ,ic ,,,,111 ,ie, ,1il 1><lt11 <ci1, (le11t 1>0111 <1<'111, 111nin 110111
11111i11 .. Jlill(I ,,,,,,,. 1>ic 1, l>1f1t111(' 111,111 l11i1l111e, 111C'tt1l1iss111c 111,111
1
111c111l1iss111c, 1>l1ti ,,.,,,,. 1l11ic > (!,). Si 1111 l1<1111111c ll<'ssc 1111 C<l111-
1,r1f1i,llt', t'(ll11111l' il 11 f:1il fc1:1: f1acl111<~ 1>0111 f111cl111<~. (t il ,,,111 1 1
cril, (fCtll ))(1111' (1< 111. 'l'cl Je (lf>llllllllge llll C )'flll i11nige f\ 1111 llclllllllt',
1
lrl r.rl11i 'flll' l',,11 s11l,il ... J. n ser1lt 11t-<' sc1:1 clacz V()tts 1:, 111(111c, <111'it
1
s'ngissr <1'1111 ('l>)'t11 c,11 cl't111 rl1n11ge1, c111 je s11is Yat,,,, V<>l1c
l)('ll. (l(l).
(: e l I C 1<l CJl 1 1n )i Cl 11 CS I St 11 l fl OS() r fl l l l Il 11 l r S 1' C 111. iSC' S 11 11 11 S l CS S Ol l -
1 11 les lllCC<JtlCJSl'S :
S,>11r. x,'11. :J:. : ~ Sitl<lll lt1rz 1>i1s vc,t1e S<'r11llnl1lc

c11 cl1<lI, 11r
CIII(' ,1ll1,,,~ Il ,lt' rl:t1(\ s:1<1!. ().11l'(lll(lllC est l11 i11j11sl('ll)Clll,
1
Nc>tlS ,lcl111lc111s il sc,11 1,1c,,l1c', J>c111,clit (,le! le \'<'11ge1). Q11e

1
c,,t,1i-ri 11 <''X:1g<',,,\ 1>t>11l (l:111c; le 111e1111,,, : il ~ttn src<111111 ;
-:* VI:;.
~VT.12. f Si , .111 , cl1:ilir1., <l1:lirz clc ,,, 111 ttl(' rn~c111 (Ill(' VOIie; ntl1'('1,;
- clt\ ,l,~",li. 1\1:,is tr,lrs, si ,c111s lc's 1>:1lir11ls, <c sc'1n 1111
l,ir11 1,,1111 tc 11x c111i ,,111 t"lc' 1>nlir11ls >. Xl .. 11, :J8: l.11 rcc,111-
1
I) r l l s f' ( 1. '111 111 : '1 (l s l 1111 11 l :1 1 i (1e Il l i(1li C ~.
J\J,,IJ)t' (Jllf' lc 1:1)1laJI fc>l'llltllc' ('C'llr )tl ,1'tlll(' r:l~Clll

J\f11s ('.,<'''I t1 1
clni1ll "' <''XJllitilt' <'Il l11i tl,,1111:1111 lt' SC'llS tic j11sl<'<' 1111'tIIC' 11l111-
tc,1lr 1l:111s 1:, l\il,lC' : ~() ,(111~ ,111i <1,1~,z~ --- le 1nl1l,i11 s';t<ltC's~e ici
:111:< ,\1r,l1s 11111"11l1,1:111ist\s -- - l.11 l11i <1 11 l~1li,111 ,r>tlS rsl 111rs,1i1,,
it l'<~#!ilrcl clc.s 111,s : l'l11l111111<' lil,,,, <~<l11l1<' l'l1c,1111,1c lil1c, l'('s(ltl\'C
11,11l1 c l'c~tI,,,.<', ln rc111111c ('Clllll'C 111 re, 11111c > (11 ). l):\tlS (J .. n
( n.J ) 1...~()C Ir 'X".'- I . ,.,- ,_, ,r:l,

(1ft) l .i,il. ~ '\I\'. l!t 22 : ,,,i, :-.1,""ii llr11I. XIX, 21.
( l l l S,,,11. 11, J,:1. Il tsl <l:1i1 (Jtl<' I< 1nl1l,i 11 l<,r cl:111s I~ sni11lt~ l~c1i
1,11,~ ~i11~1,i1c ici rie ln llil,lr I lltlll~ 11'n11 i,011s 11:1~ i, ro1111,1~11el1,, l'nn110-
1alit,11 ,1,, ll1.,t:11i1,1:. ,,,,. ,il. 1>. 777 s,11 cc ,c,sct 173 : Il rsl ~vi,lc111111cnt
LA GUEnnn MDINOISE 133
'l"oro l 11c111s 11vc,11s 1>1<'sc1i l : A111c pottr 111c, il pot11 il, 11~z poli 1
11r.z, ,>1t,ille 1,011r cl1eille, <lc11t (J0111 (lent : l<'s llesst11es lo111l,t'11l
R<ltls le l1,li<>11:. (t2). C'est l>ie11 le lexie clt1 l . . viliq11e (13) q11c 1e1110..
cl11il (~ le 1nll>i11. Cc clc1nie1 pet1l 1ltlter conl1e ce1tni11s g10111,c~
,le j11ifs 11,,Iinois (ftli 11e VC't1l<'11l il at1ct111 Iltix accc1>lcr do11s Jcttt'
co1111111111n11t les Arnhes islorniss, ,nais il nen co11ti11t1cra 11ns
111oi11s il 1('Jll'(lcl11itc ln clocl1i11e exncte <le ln Bil>le, clont il conn:,it
le tex((~ el l'esp1il ; l\lol1n111111c'<I, )a 1ig11ct1r, nt1rnil ptt OJlp1cn,l1c
la111s les gn1goles <le La 1\(cc,111e ce1taines pJ1rnscs <le l'Ec1it111c,
111nis il C'Sl i111pe11snl>le <l'i111ngi11c1 q11'il nit p11 en occ1t1~1i1 l u11c
f>1111:,is~n11cc ln fois si n1111>le el si i11lime.
Avec les v. 148-152, lfin-tn7, 186-191, (le IR SOlJtrtte II, notlS SOlll-
111('!; ,1:,11s l'11lr110s1,l1r1'c ,l'1111c gtrcrrc vritnl>lf', 11ne gt1errr oi1 il y
n ,l~s 111,,11s, ,les ltts: J..,es C(>111l1nlln11ls c,l111p1cnnc11l, <l'1111c 1,i11I,
l('s A1nl>('s 11111s11J111011isrs clc ~1,linc ; <l'n11tre pn1t, les i(lolnlres
,le 1411 l\l<'l'flll<'. J.,e J,111 i111111,linl ,le la g11e11e est clc 1e1l1e11<l1e J.. n
1\lecf111c cl s11rlo11l ln Kn'IJA <[tli, (1'ntlts ln l1n(lilio11 lgc11cl11i1e,
:1111:,il (tl 1111 le1111>le fil' Y,,t,,,, ,lifl pnr Al11nho111. J.,e lltll 1101,
1t,'(t11 f'sl (l'cl1n1>1le1 n11x .J 11ifs 111clinois cl <1<' con(Jttrir ln J>l('rle
t 111 ro 11 , , 111 i c rl e 1' 1g I n r11 n 1n Jle. T o t 11e c e l t e n s t t 1ci c t I se t o c l i(f t t e r s l
<c,11(l11il(', 11,111 Jloi11I ce1l<'s Jlllr Mol1n1111n<'<l, 111nis 1>or le 1nl>llin l11i ..
,,,~111c, f(>tc 1e l>tisc't" l'<>llJ>osition rie ccrtnns j11ifs, jnlo11x ,le
l<'tr,s J>tc.;1,1gnti,C's 1eligic11sPs, o ln Cl>11vcrsion fies Arltl>es. No11s C'll
~,,111111C's n11ivs n ce 11,,int <li1, 1>0111 ns~eoi1 ~1,r ,l<'s l1nses solil(\s
l'n,'('11i1 <lr l'lsl,1111 n1al,e - (10111,1<' <'l COJlC <le l'[s1n111 j11if - , le
1:1ltl,i11 ~(' l1<lttve (ln11r. l',ll>ligr1I<>11 <le C(>t1r1111ir l'nt1lo11on1il' <le <'<'I
lsl,,,,, :11nt,,,, cl cle le <l<~f,,11(l1c ni11si conl1c l'n11i1nosil <l'11nc fnc-
lin11 j,,i,<' <le 1\t~,li11c.
ll1111s ('f'llc 111~n1c S(>t11nlc Il, le 1nlll,i11 rcvie11I s111 ln (lttcslio11
clt' 1:, l1,r <'I clr. l'i11le1<litlic,11 (le C(1111l>nll1c llClt<ln11I le 1110!i ~,,c1(~.
212. (~0111l):lllre votas 11 c~t 1>1rsc1il, l>ie,, ()tle votts l'n)'CZ <'Il nvc1 ..
!'l , ) 11 ( 1 1) .
1
i11,x:1,I ?1 {,rit-il, ,,,,,, ~ ,li~1,c,~ili<llt~ 1,,l:1llvf'~ nlt lnli(ln ~1,1s1,irr,,1

rl'l:~,,,lc (ltl clil ,,1,,s 1,,r,clt'111c11I 11<' l'l~xc1,1,,) - XX f, 1N~<fff. > Ne,,,~
s,,,.;,,,,~ 111it'11x tic ,c,111,:,iltr :', 111cllc nt1l1r ~,1,11( r ,l'info11nnlio11 le 1;,ltl,ir1
:1111:,il ,,,, ~r 1r11s<'i~11(1 ~111 Il< J,,i cl11 lnlio11 ; ,oir n,1s"i li, 10() : IV, O 1
(Ill(' ,,.,,,s :1,0,1~ cil~ nill('\11'~ ; XXII, r,n : C Vc,iln. Q11ironcJtlC cltt,lic clc 1:,
lttfttlC' ,,,n,1f'l"C (lll'il n rlr ,l1i\li1, f'l (flli. cn~ttilc, ~,,l,it ,Ir 11011,cllrs l'<'Jlr-
~nill1~. ''nl,,,, ccrl<'~, le src,,1111:,. Vnl1,v r~l (c,tcs c pn1,tonnc11r cl nl,~o-
1t11 ,, ,. ~.
( 1~) S,,,,, .. V. l!t.
(J:l) l.i,,. XXIV, 10-22 (,,,i1 1,l11s 11:1111 1>. 12R) cl 110n 1>ni11l XXV, 17 sr1.
<'11111,,r ,,. clil llr.,,c:111~1,n. ,,,,. ,il. 1. Ill f>. 112R, nnn. ,1,1 v. 49.
(1 f) ll':11,rs ll1.A,:11i,:1,1!, 011. , . ;,., l. Ill f>. 78!t, nn11. 212, c rcltr r<'vlJtllnrt
-- (11t>11s, >tt!'\ clis,,11s tcl n,c1lisse111c11l (1u rnl,l,i11) - est llcslinc h r:1l1c
131 1
L ISJ ..APtf AI\AIJE EN ~IARCIIE - LA GUERRE
213. JI cc;( 1>lssil>J,, q11e ,c,11s OJ'ez (le l'nvcrsio11 po11r 1111e chose
(Jt1i rsl 1111 l,ic11 11,>111 v,,11s el il est J>OssilJle c111e vo11s nin1iez
1111e cl1osc 111i <'SI 1111 111111 1><lt11 votts. Yal1,, snit, nlors qt1e
VOIIS l)C sn \'('Z ,,ns.
21-1. (I .. C's 1,11,~,11l111:111is<'s) l'i11lc11,1ge11t s11r le lll<is s11c1~ (15) et le
fnit <le co111l,11ll1e ,l111nnl rel11i-ci : Rport<ls-lf\111 : c Co111bat-
t1c 11c11(l:111t <r tll(>s est 1111 (t>tlt(~) g1nve. l\lnis cn1lc1 (111
c:1,e111i11 ,le \'111,,,,<', l1l' i1111lic 1!11,ers Ccl11i-ci, t'l la l\[,1sc1t1e
s1,r1e, ex1>11lsc1 ,le t~cllr-ci ce11x r111i l'<lcc111>rt1l est t>ltts
g,n,,c <Jtle crlit n11x ~'et1x cl<~ Oic11: pe1sc11le1 (IC's 11111s11l1nn-
11is~s) csl lll11s grnvC' q11c l11c1 les l111p('S. 01, (les l11fi,llrs)
11e Cf'SS<'l'<l11l ,le ,otts co111l>~1ll1c c111c (Jttn1t(I ils v<1t1s n111ont
fnil ttl)jt11r1 ,,,l1e 1tligio11, s'ils Ir 1>c11ve11l. (:e,,x q11i pn1111t
,c11s nlj111<'1'<lltl lt't11 1{\ligi,,11 <'I 111<llt11011I i11fi,li,es, ,,1,i11es
~c,c,111 ,,,,,,,. ,,,,x lr111s ntlic111s <11111s ln , 7 <' l111111l'flinlc el Der-
11ii1<': 1<11x-lt1 se1cl11l )es llclcs tl11 )4'<!11, Clll ils s<1011l i11111101-
lcls > (l(i).
(:'t'5l ln rsl (l<.l~111,l 1c e11t1c les 11111s11l111n11is~

,,nir g11r11,, l(lli
tI l,s ,\1-;1l,<'s cl,111t111<~s icl(>lt1,s. f\f,'\111<! si ,c,11s 11'i,i111cz t>ns ln
t~ll('Jtr, il , . ,,s
r:111( C'<'l)C'll(lllll( ("()1111):tllic, (lit IC' 1a,ll,i11 flllX A111bC!i
,1,,~,1111~, 111a1is ,,, il('Z tll' <<>111!Jnll1c fll~ll(lc111t le r11c>is snct. ]~11
li:;11111 11llr11li,,c,,11r11l IP , .. 211, c,11 1>>11111il cc111<~l111c ffllC 111 l{n'l>n,
l'lljl'II llllll('Cf:ll <lt l,t gll<'11c, CC)IIIIJIC ll CtllS f'tl\'()llS clr_ jn VII, J>OSSC
1111111,r, lts l1r~il:1li1111" 11,s c:re,~11111~ Cfll ,,(l{lllll'lll tlt 1>1111,1 IC's n1111r~ ("'00-
11,, lts t\ltl<kc,is. clt11:111I li, l1t,c ,111 111,1is s.,,1. Totll< 1,x~gsc <.~I cl'ntco1cl
11111 ,Ji11 11111 cc~ ,,ascls ~>Ill ,,1111 , j,11:lilir1 I<' l"(lllJJ clc' 111:1i11 rc>1,cl11il 1>nr
\l1cl-.\ll:1l1 il111 .J;1l1, (1,,j,1/ 2 j:111, icr (i~ 1) c ct11l1 111l ~(>tI~ clt" f\lrl<l<oi~.
:1lfair,, :111 ,.,,,11s ,le' l:1<1111llr I~ l>1ll\ 11,i-i~trs ,11r<'t1I 1111 ltll' ,I clt11x 1,1i.~011-
11it1~ :.c:,"I lt<"" ,l:1i1, 1,fs 11,1 ; 111:iis t' <' ~,1;1il 111i<'11x clc 11,,11s ,1c,1111cr les
11cta,c.s sl11 lc~c111cII,, s';111Jlt1it c lc,,atc l't.x~sc 11c>t11 c-,,11<1,tis<1 ll\' t'(! ta11t
rit Jrc~<isicltl tt , .. :! I :!.
(l!i) ''i1 :\l'""i Il. l!)O : c l~r 111oi~ s:tc1i' ,onl1r J,, 111,lis sar1r.. I.<'~ ,l10-
"''c; ~ne.." lc111,t,,,,,1 ,,,,,s Ir lnli(111 . ()11i,,,11,111c :1 111n1,111i ,le l'l<>stililt' ,.,,,1trc
\ ~. ~1,111,l t1c l11i clt' l'l1c,~lili 1,~.. clc l:1 ,. ,,.,1,r (:1\,111 q11'il n 111n1q11i? ,le
,1,c,~lililt' cc>11f r(' , ,111" ! <:1 i1-:111c.z \ ' :111,,. S:1cl1cz <111c. , :111,,i ,~t :1,ct Jcs
1
ll'II~ >. 0 ills 1:1l1:11 ~- (\'t)it lll .,\C:llF.l\f~, 0/). rit., ,. Ill. J> . 7R3 n11n. 190)
cc.llc tx111cc;~i1111 ,, .11r>.4- ~,,,rr
,01,tr, ,,. Al,,{.' ~nrrt' 1>r11t sigr1in,,,. = C E,,
,1,r11pr11"lli,,n elr l'.111 clc111i1 <>it cl,11:1111 lt 111, , is s,1t1r cl, ,1,;,1.,,,,,1a, l'nlr.s
:, ln ~1,kkr ,<~ 11 ilc i11l,rflit 11:11 Ir~ ~lt:'kk11is ~n<"'1ili'~cc;, ('(tir n1111r,,. ,011~
(11lrC"l'('Z O 1:, ~lckl,t' 1)111 :1111 le l)lflS I< raj,1I, >. Si c<tl, i11lc1,,1f:1lic,11 rst
:1tl111sr, I;\ )ll"t~c 11l1 1,,t'J:1IUll (~i,) ~l llllllt't) ,ll<'lllClll Olllit' l'lll"C R l':lC'C'(llll
1lic;s,111c11l <lt. l:1 '1'1111,r clc ti~!l. c Il C'!-tl t'(>lts<'ill n,,x (:1o~n11ls ,t, 11c se li,rea
:, 11111 nc lt 1r~1C'll;1llc 11111,, 1:, 1'1llckc >. Et ln 111r,1,l' ,Ir l<>ttl <cln ? ()11 Jlet1l
1,,11,1>li1 tirs c;1l1itrc; 111li11~ n,ct clt 1n1cillrs ~111>1>osili<>11~ !
( 1ti) S o,, ,.. 1f, 2 1:? 2 14.
I..A GUF.RI\ 1'1DINOISE 135
1,,,11(,t n11x 111ni11s <ll's Croyn11ls, ln11ll nttx n1ains ,les lnflc)les. Ce~
l110(1Clles so11l ncl1a111s rln11s lPt11 lt1lle nnti-rcligic11se. Ils font l'im-
J>ossil>le J>flt11 ran1e11e1 le111s co-t,il>ttles ot1 cttlle rcligiet1x <le lettrs
n11r.r1ts. l\l0l1n111111r.,I, on t'i11lerroge s11r le mois sacr. C'est vrni,
c'est 1111 t>l~cl, grave <le fait<! IA g11e1re pendant ce mois; n1ai~ c'e~t
t>l11s grnve (le mA1cl1er <ln11s (les ,,oies CJtti ne sonl pos cc)les <le
\'al1,, ; c'(\sl pl11s g1ave <lt~ c11asse1 les Ctoyanls <le ln l\fos<111p
1
snct~c. A l'f1>oc111e <le cc verset, les 1nt1st1l ma11iss ovAie11t <lc>nr.

rocc111> la l{n'ba et les I11fl(lrles l11llRienl pot11 les en expt1)s('r. J.. n
J{n,J1n cl,1it 1csle1 le lem1lle <les i,loles el ne jon1nis <levenir le lc'111-
ple cl11 J)ic'tl <les .lt1ifs ! I.Jes iclol~tres CflJ11hntlent po11r fai1e Rbjttr<t
llt11s c,,1111>nl1i,>lcs I C,esl lct11 111nll1c11r ternel q11'ils prparent,
<lrc~1:11e le 1nlin.
Nt' se1:1il-rc 11ns lnIL1ltc p<1111" ln J{n'l>n (Jtti n111"oit 111ovorrtl ln
rl I i ' (' \' (' 1s l\ 1(\CI i Ile, (' Cs Al.:, I)('s j l 1(1ll s t~s ? ( t 7) 11 Cs l V i(1e Il t q l 1, s O Il
,~1igi11c ln t>rlile co1111111111n11l clcs jtt<lo-nrabcs 111ccfJt1ois ne JlOs-
st\,l11il n11c1111 lie11 ,le 1>1i1r. Ils (ltll <lti se join<lre nt1x J11ifs potrr
1>1ir1 n,'et <'IIX cln11s ln S)'l11,go~tl<'. Petit-tre essny1"enl-ils Jlnr ln
s11ile clc l1n11sf(11n1<'1 ln l{R'l,n flOt1r y instolle1 le ct1lte de "\'nl1,,,.
N'fli,111 J>:1s ca11 fo1"CC, ils <l111enl s'e11f11ir vers lr. Nor<I. Cr. qt1i m'i11-
cilr. i1 111,,11ose1 celle l1J1,otl1Pse, c'C'sl q11e la p1en1ire sottrale n1~<li-
1
11,1~<' 11011s l11111s1lo1I<\ cl C'1111,lP. (ln11s tin climnt <le g11erre <1onl J,,
1{n 1):1, , 111: 11i fi e <1e 1\1,>srr 11 e s n c 1c, c s t p t" c is ~ 111 e n l 1'e n j c t 1. C.' c s l
n,,1,,111 <l'rllc <Jtt'<>n se l>nl. l(lolt1es el 11111s11l111nniss sonl to111" n
1011,. vni11q11e11rs et ,,ainc11s, cl c'est lot1jo11r s le rnbl1in qt1e no11s
t,,-.11\'<>r1s <"<,1n1nr. gP11~1nl C'll cl1cf . rtfol1nn11ne,l 1 <lis-le11r <111e l<.'
1
1,J11s 1~1r1,c ,les 1>,~<l,s esl (l <'XJ>t1Jse1 les C1. oyn11ts <le ln f\1osc111t~,,
S11r.1c;<, f 1\lol1n111111r<l 1 (tis-l<'t11 e11corC' r111r tl ersc11ler les Croyn11ls
l'sl r11,01c lllt1s g1n,,e qttc cl<' l11t!1 les irloll1cs I C'est, <ln11s riOll
<ssc,,,c,,, 1,,,11c ln 11c,lili,111e (l'o<~li<lll ,l'lsral.
,:,,11,, g11,11c 1,li1~ie11sr 11c l,l11111r. tlns l<>t1jo11rs n l'nvn11l1\,:te ,lrs
lllll~,11ltlllllS('S r('~(t~ 0 J.. n ~J1('rfllC, (Jtl Re VOClll O)l)i~~!i cJc rej,1i11-
fl,t' t,\111s 11111>n~tl<)ll'i \ i1c:,,Ji,1<' : ~ <:c11x c111i c,c>icnl, cr11x (fll f111i-
1!1,11t rallez cl,,11s 1<' f.l1f'111i11 clc Yo11w el snrl1<'1. ,1t1r Ynl,,,.~
fl11lt11cl 10111 et co1111nit lot1l (l!l). Ne plnig11e7. pns vos 1no1ls. JI~
1f'vi,111I 1>:11 ln 1'11"1C'c ,1t ''1111,,~ : Nr1s-t11 11oi11t ,,,, <'<'ttx ((t1i s<ltlt
~li~ Ir lrt11 1101,ilnl, 1>n1 111illie1c;, J>n1 ~rninte (le ln 11101l? Yol1,v
(17) Vt,ir 11,1lrc l<>111c 111, T1ivrC' VI. Cl,. Ill. I l, T.1rJ 11111s11l11rnniis ri fa
Ko'/,n.
(IR) S,,,1r. 11. 215.
(l!t) lli,I. 215.
':Jr,
L l~I ..Ai\l Al1,\lJE EN ~IAI\C:IJE - LA GUERRH
lrt11 ,,,,,,if (lil : l\l(>t11('Z 1 > 1>11is Il les fil reviv1e. Ynl1,v
rsl l)lc'11lr111 tic l;1 1~1,,,e111 c11,r1s lrs llo111111cs, 11111is ln 1>l111ln1t (les
1l(1111111cs Il(! s,,111 1,1,s 1cco1111niss1111ls ~ (2()). Avec j11slc 11,is,>11, 011
11 1n11>1(>ll1 (C lrxlc cl'1111 1>11s"i,gc <l'Ezcl1iel, XXX\'11, 1-11, e,,t cc
1:11>()l'(a(l1t'lllPIII IIC)IIS f>lll'~lI rvi,lc111111c11 l lottl l, fnil 11()1'11101. Nc>tlS
s:1,,111s, c11 cntI, c111<' J,, 1,1l,l,i11, 11t1lc111 clrs 1lcl'r. ,le l'l.~lcr111, 1,,s1>i1e
,,,,111 ni1,si ,li,c ln llil>lc : I .. r. 1,1ni11 tic Ynl1,, f11l st11 111(,i >
11i11si 11n1lc l~zfc:l1ict - <r: et il 111'c-111111c11a 1>n1 l'es1,1il clc Ynl1,v l'l
il 111c ,l1,c,s:1 n11 111ili,11 le 111 ,:,lll;l', 1111r vo)l(le 1,lt!i11c! <l'osse111c11ls.
Il 1,1r ll (il 1>:11t. (llt1i1 1,1,1111i ('IIX Cil lt)llS SCllS. ()1 l(\S ()SSClllCl)ls
0
,,1.,ic11t l1rs 11,,1,1l>1t 11x s111 le sol tic ln voile, el ils lnic11l C<>ltl(ll-
1
tc .. 111t'11t cles~,c;<l1t.\s. Il 111r clit : Jt'ils tl'l10111 111r, ces >sst111e11ls ,iv1,111l-
it" ? .Jr (lis : "'Sc ig11<'t11 "\':111,,t~, 111 Ir snis :i-. Il 111e lit : P1,,-
1
1l1lise s,11 <rs c,s'il'111c11ts. 1 11 1('111' ,li1ns : Ossr111C'11ls IC'ssc;cl1<;s,

1
c,r11fr1. l:1 1>,111,I, clc' '1':111,,t~. ,\i11si 1>111lr 1(' S,ig11t~111 ''nl1,,t'. i1 <'l'S
cssc111c11ls : ''t,iti ,,,,,, je ,;1is f:1i1e c11l1r1 <'Il \'(lits 1'rs1,1il cl \'()tts
,i,1r1. > (21).
A,t'l' ,., S()lll,llt' \'(11, ll()IIS r11l1()llS v1ilnl>lt lllC'lll cl1111s llll(~1
itllll(l~1,t1P1e <Il' g11,11t 1 cl ll()llS \'()i(i i111111clinlc111e11l Cil rncc (Ill

1,1,,l,l'111e cita l11li1,, t'C' c111i s111>1,>sl! (;,. i.tc111111c11I <l<'S st1(<'(.)S (les
,:,cl\'Otlls ,l:111s l:1 lt1II,\ c,,11l1c lt's l11fi(l&les. Cc S(>ltl, en clfcl. les
c:1ci.,n11ls ,i,1,,1ir11x ,111i ,lc111n11<lrnl i, ~1<>1111111111<'(1 clC's 11~(~isic>11s
s111 Il' 1n1l,1g~ .1,, ll't11s ,,,isl'S (lt~ g11e11c. Ils i11le11,1gc11t l\lc,l111111-
111ccl, l"(' (fll ll()ll~ ))l'(lll\'C 1111~ rt1s (I(' t>ltlS (Jll~ ~,.,11n111111C'(I n l
('Cll)SO('l' t l\ltli11c. ,latr I(' 1,, ,les \.l'()\'llllls, t~'csl-il-
('()llllllll)ltllllc\

,li1r flls 111t1s11l111:111is,'" 1\lnis 1\lll111111111C'cl s;111s le 1~1l,l>i11 <'sl co111111c
Sr1111s,,11 ~n11s stt cl1,,,,,J111c. Il 11'11 1,l11s 11i f,lt'l'C', 1,i ,li1c,<li,,11, <'I ,'('Sl
lt' 111l>l1i11 r111i l11i 1li,1,, 1:, ,.,,,,,,,~,~ 111'il (lc,il f:1i1r tlllX 11111s11l111:111i-
~,,s: ll(~J 1 c,11c)s: ~ 1.,, l,11ti11 n1,1>111liC'11I i1 ' ':1J,~ t .. l :', l'111i'>l1~ >. (:'est
l<'ll t'11IC't1cl11. l.r l>11li11 rsl 1l1c,,,1iiI,, (1P ''ni,,,,<~ C't cl<' l\1,,1111111111(~<1.
(,)11:1111 il ,(111,, (:1cl\'1111ls,

~111l,lissrz ln co11r,,l1clc <'11lre Vfltls 1
<l,. l,issr1. l, ' 111,,,.,, cl n l'A 1,,">l1<', si ,011s tes , 1ni111c11l <les 1
<:1<1,n11ls (l2l .

{l11 1)1'11 JlltlS ln1cl, lll"<'SS(' llllt l<'S C~Vt~nf'lllC'll(S le l'O)>)lll <)<)11111' fi
('f' ,,,,,l,r111(' cl11 lllll i11 IIIIC l'PllOl)S(' 1111,s ,,,~ti~,, :
(J.11el<fllC' cllflSC
''''l' ''''''" 111r11ir7.. r11 l111li11, sncl1<'z 111e Ir cir1,1t1ic\111e n1111n1licr1I n
,11I,,,.,,.
1
ia l',\1,,,11,,. :111 fl111<l1C' (,f<' ,r ,l, 111ir1) 1111"' ()111larli11s, n11x
l :111,1rs, :,11 \'t1~:11t111 .. si ''<llls <1c1~r7. r11 ,,,,,,,,,,\ f'( i1 <~<' ,,,,'il fil ,lrs-
,,11,lrc s111 Sf)ll s,,,,il('ltl, 1111 j,,,11 fi(' l:t Snlv1,1i,,11 . 1111 j()III" ,,i,
les
clt'IIX 110111,rs St' 1<'ll("lllllri,1 11(. ,:111,,~, s111 lo11lc <l1,1se, <'SI 'l'c>tll-
1
(~f)) lli,I. ~ I t.
(:!lt 1:1i1l1i,I. ~'\\'111. 1-5.
<:!:!l S,111,. \'Ill. t.

LA OUEl\nl~ MEDINOISE 137
Jl11issi1a1l :, (2:l). l\fnis nvo11l le 1>n1lngc, vo11s 1>ot1vez c 1nonger st1r
ce 'I tic V<ltls nvcz 1>1is e11 l,ltli11, ce qt1i est licite el exccllc11l, el c1ni-
g11ez ''nl,,,,. '\'011,v est nl>S(>lt1le111 rl 1nis1icotlliet1x > (2,t). Qt1e Je
J>n1l11gc <l,,11l je vic11s (le vo11s t111cc1 les 1gles s'o111e en lottle j11s-
lite. N'css11)'l~Z (l(111c 1,ns <l'c1111>iter s111 111 pn1l <Ill P1opl1le : li
11',,st t>ns (1'1111 P101>l1le (l't1c vicli111c 't1ne f1a11(le ; Qt1ic,,n,1 ,,e
fr1111cl<'111, vic11<l1n nvcc <Jtli il frntl(lcra, att j our lie ln 1st111eclio11.
l~11s11ilc, cl1nr111e finie recev1n le j11slc p1ix (le ce f]tt'clle se sc1t1
ncc111is ('I (les i11j11sles) 11e srro11l 11oi11t lss > (25). I~c rnl>i11
(lc1111111clc (ftt'il S<)il le11t1 r.01111>le, (lnns le po1lnge <lt1 l>t1tir1, (les
sil111,I<l11s sociales ,les l>n(ici11i1cs : c ''otts n'nvez fot11ni 11i cl1c-
vn11x, 11i 111onl11res ,lnns ln lttllc 111cnc co11trc les l11n<llcs, Y11l1,,
('C'J)<'11cl1111l <'sl 111nilre le S<'S a<~lcs. Il <lo11l1e 11011voi1 n <ttti JI ve11l.
J.,,, l,t1li11 l .. 11i n1>1>n1tie11t, lti11si 111'0 l'A1>l1e, n11 }l1ocl1c (<le cc llC't"-
11i<1) - - ["t'(l111111c je v<>tts l'ni l~ji, <lit] - (26) n11x 0111l1cli11s, rltt
\'c>.\':1i!<'III, 11fi11 (JIIC ccl~l IIC Sfl( llOS CfllelqttC cl1ose <le ll~Vol11 OllX
l\itl1,s 1:11111i v,,,,s. Cc c111c l'J\1><1(1c vo11s n <l(>1111, 1,1c11ez-l( (:c 1 ..
1
<1t1 il \'tl11s n i11lct<lil, i11lC'1,liscY--lc-,,011s. C1nig11cz Yol1,,, 1 ''nl1,,,i,
csl 1(lcl,,11l:111le c11 so11 cl,nli111cnl > (27). C'est oux 111ig1s 1Jcso-
g11c11x rtt1'il f1111l s111lo11I 1>c11sc1 (28).
N~1l111llle111c11l, le 1>1c>l,l1t1e ,ltt J,11li11 nvnit l t11,li e11
ls1:1l:1 clt'S ]f's Jl1c'111i1t'S ,i<l<li1cs tle l\tc,se s111 les l\1n<lio11ilcs,
Nc,1111,1('~;, XXXI : n) C111111>n~11r. (les Isr111ilcs co11l1e ~l11ctin11,
l,1c~. cil., fi-6 ; - 1,) 11sttllnl cle celle ca1n1>ng11e, ihi,I. 7-12 :
Ils fi1c11I cn11111ng11c r<>11t1c l\fn(lio11, C(>1111ne Ynl1,v 1'n,,nit
cc)llllll:lll(l 1\Jc)SC el lll('l'C'lll l()\IS les 111nles. En Ottl1e, ils l11-
1(0lll les 1c,is (le 1\l11,lii111 ... J.. cs c11f1111ls d'ls1Rl c1n111e111e11t c111,-
ti,cs 1,s r('111111cs clcs l\J11<1i,111ilC's nvec lc111s petits e11fn11ls, ils
1:1z1.i'1c11l 10111 lt't11 l>t~l11il, l<>t1s IC'11rs l101111cnt1:< cl l(>llS lc111s
t,i<11,. Ils 111i1c11I le f<t1 lltlx ville'~ q11'ils l1nl,ita,icr1t ninsi c1t1'n
lt111s ('i11111,c111C'11ls. l1 11is, J>1r11n11l to11t lrt11 l,11li11, lntrl cc q11'ils
l\'11t'11l ci111f 111, l>lcs cl gc11s, ils nr11en1e11l cnplifs, Jl1ises <'l
l,1rli11, i, 1\lc)S<', n Eli111.n1 le 1>1l1c el to11le la co1111n1111n11l
,l,\s f't1rn11ls ,l'ls1ni.if, j,,~cr11'n,1 cn1111>, ot1x slcf>J>es (le ~lonl, fJll
~l' l1(lllVCllt 1>1s ,1,, .Jc,111();1i11 VCl"S J1icl10 >.
(~:,, 1/,i,/ : .,~.

(~ 1) 11,;,1 : 70.
(~:,) S,,t11. Ill. 1:,5.
( ~ fi ) sC1111 ,, 11 1 ~ 2.
(:!7 Sc111r. f.,IX, 6-7.
(:~8) /1,i,I. 8. - vc1i1 n11ssi s111 le J,11li11, ~o,1r. XI .. VIII - IR-20. c fi 1r~ n
,~1:1lifi1's 1'1111 ,,,(><laf' ~llr'f's ri el',1lor1rl11111cs rnn~s~~ (le l,t,lin q11'il5 11rc11~
,I
,t,1,111. \':11,,,.<._ ('SI p11is!\rt11l ~nl-(f'. Yn.1,,v ,ot1~ n 1110111is ,le~ rnn~scs nl,c111-
l:111lc~ cl l11li11 ,111'il~ J>trr,clt(,111. Il n l1r11 flOttr vc,t1s celle 1risc cl il n
elilct111-.,c cle ,c,11s les 111ni11s ,le c~~ gens.
1 :18
1. ISI.A~I AI\AIIE EN ftlAn,:11E - I..A GUERnE
r<llf's s,>111 lrs 111ll1c1,Jcs ~11e11i res ,l'Is,ntil (ln11s sa pre-

111ir1e 11111( ,c,11l1c les ~ln,lin11iles, 111ll10,l<s ,111e co11ige i111n1-
(linle111e11I 1\ln~c, <>11 1e11rc11~n11l c11ro1c le111 1lt11et, il>i,l., XXXI,
17-lR : c l\1<1sc s'cn11lo1lc c<,nl1r. les co1n111nn<lnnls ,les forces,
cl1efs ,le 111illir1s et cl1rfs ,te ce11tnincs, c111i 1cve11i1ie11l lie celle
lxp<lilio11 g11e11iPre .. ]1 lc.t11 clil : c Po111c111oi nv~z-, (ltts lniss1
ln ,ie n lo11l('s les fe11u11cs? c:c so11t elles q11i, s111 )(s co11scils le
flnlnn1l1, 011t ~l rn11sc (fttc les enfants (l'ls1al se sonl pr1vC'1lis
en rcni11nl )'nl,,,, <1n11s l'nlT11i1e <le Por: (l'oi1 le flntt CJtli a
svi s111 l<>IIIC' ln ro1111111111n11l (l'ls111~l. rl'11C'z cl,l11c 1011s les
E'nfnnls 111!\les. 11,ez n11ssi lo11les fe 111n1cs f(tti 0111 1>n1(ng ln
ro11cl1r cl'1111 l1,1111111<'. Ne 1niss,,z ln vie q11't111x flelilC's fillC's c111i
11'onl pns 1>:11tn~~<t ln t<>t1cl1e cl'1111 l10111111<', cl q11'elles soic11t
,011s >. Il fi111,l1nil 111 ..~,lilr1 l(>11g11en1c1ll 1011s ers textes 111osn-
qt1c~ J>Ot11 (,J111p1r11<l1C' l'lslnr11 nrnJ>c. Isrnl est I<~ 1>et1p1~ Eltt
,1<' J)ie11. '',1il:'1 1<' 1>1i11ci1>c f<11tla1111c11lnl (le lclt1le l'l1isl,,i1e cl11
l>nssir1 111f,lilr11n11rr11 (le1,11is ln g1nncle i,,l~lnli,111 <lt1 l\font
Sir1n. ls,ni~I, r'csl ''nl,,,, en 111n1cl1c st11 lerr<'. Pe1so1111e 11c
,loil <ll11c s'<l)lJ>c1s~r 1\ ln r11,11tl1c cl'I~1nl ; flll s'o1111ose
Jsrnl, s'op1,c1s<' n11 Dictt ll11i<1t1e et Tot1I-Pt1issn11I el <loil l1c
nnn11li. ls1n;I fnil ln ~11e11c llllts les op11osn11ls tic Ynli,v el
t,111te g11~1rc, cl'ls111i\l esl nC'<'('ssoitC'n1e11t 11ne g11e11c sni11l(!. J.,e
pltlS grnll(l Jlrcl1r s111 tr,,c ('SI 1( )lf'rl,~ (1'i11ficlf'lit ri ('Il tnnt
<flic 1r1>1,;s('t1l:111I clc ,rn1,,,,, ls1nl cloit co111l,nll1r les infi,lles,
IC's i<1ol11es, ri lt's n11-n11li1. J.. n ~11e11~e soi11I< .. fftti ,1(;c,1111e ,les
C<lllllll3nclfJtl<'llfS c)c nic11 l'~\'t.;JltS O l\fose, llC JlClll ltc, <Jtl'ltllC
g11r11l' ,l'r,cl<'1111i11;1(icl11. l\l>l111111111C'<l 11'n (lfls in,,c11l Jn g11rr1e
('()1111(' l'iclc1l:1l1i,,; il 11'1, JlllS ll\'l'lllr lil ~llC'l"l'E' S,llll(', Ili IC's lis
,111i 1Pgissr11I tcllP g11C'11( l)t'Jttis ln11gtc11111s, 1\1,,s<' n 1('sol11
1

ers J)r<llllt111l'S. l.r 1nl>l>i11 <le J.. 1l J\l<'c111c 11'n fnit '(tt'n,lllllr1 C()~
rr~IC's n11 en~ 1l:11ti,11lie1 clc l'lsln111 nrnl>e et 1l11s 11p<s('llll'lll
,Je l'lsln111 n,,1l>r' 111fcli11nis. J)n11s l'A.1". 11nr <'xc11111l<', les
flf11011il)C's (I le ll11ljn ~0111 ,Ji,isrs c11 ,lC'11x g1n11lrs 1>ntlies :
ln 111,1itir ,n n,,~ ~nlcl11ls ,111i fllll cl111l>nllt1, r.t s111 rell<' ll1nili
111ililni1(~ ~ 1 1!l()ftn esl pr<'ll'\'l' ('fllllltlC l1il111I orf('l"I h 1'1,11,vP.
Pnr exc1111>lt', ,., ,1:,11s <'<'Ile 1rr111ir1r g11r11e ,,,1,1t1r l<'S l\1nclin-
11ilrs, Jc;rnt;I s't'lnil <'lllprtri! clr (i7fi.(l0() l11rl,is. 72.0()0 l,,r11fs,
nt .0()0 llC'S. :12.0(lf) .ictlllC'S fil)ec; ,i,tg<'S. I~rs ~c,1,1:,ts l"C'()\'Cllt
(lonc ln 11,nili(~. r'rc;f-n-<li1e ;l:17.000 l11C'l>is, :lll.00() l,,r11fs, il(l.fiO(l
fan<'~. lf\.0()0 ,,i,1!..!<'"- S,11 cr l1t1li11 111 iliti,i1e 1/fl0() rst Jlt~le,,
0
pot11 '"olll\"(;, S<lI (17:, J,rcl,is, i2 ))(rt1rs, fil llf'S, :12 .<'llllC~ fillrs
,,irrg<'s. (~rll<' Jln1I clr )',,1,,,,l\ f11t 1e111ise 11n1 ~l<1~c 011 ll1l1e
l~linzn1. l.,'n11l,r 1,1nilit\ cl,1 l,11li11 ~ r111e 1\1(,sc ll\'rtil s,,1,1fc fic
rrll<' lrs ("(ll\1l,,,lln11(" , rt,I fl(ll\llc~r flllX r11f;111l~ cl'lsll<;I cl
1\[os<' 11ail 1111 "' ti111111,111lr. tlrs gr11s et ,les 1,lt'S cl i[ )('!i
I..A GUERllE ltlDINOISB 139
(lonna nt1x lvites c1t1i nss11111aie11l la clierge (le la De111et1re <le

Ynl1,,,, co111me '\'ol1w l'nvnil con1111n11<1 l\1<lse (Non1ures,
XXXI, '12-47). Toute la 1nc11tnlit <le l'lsln111 01obe est <l11ns ces
textes. J.. e rol>l>in 11e COJ>ic 1>0s les dcisio11s tle l\fose : il les
n<lnJ>lc ntt chn1n1> <l'action qt1'il ct1llive. l.,c l>t1lin qt1c vous
1c ,, t Ic i 11 e z, l >in nt 1x 111tIsl11 n 1o ni s s, n l >p a r lien l Y n11 ,v
ri S1n Apl1c, (s011r. \r]Jl, 1), attx orpl1clins el B\lX JlEl\tvres
(il,i,I. -12). rrot1l celn est <1nns ln ligne de )'A.T. re1nerqttOllS
ccpet1(lnnt q11e tlnns les Arle.~ ,le l'Islam, le 10l>in loisse 4/5
cl11 h11lin n,1x co111batlnnls, lnissanl l'a ttire 1/5 Ynh,v. n
1\lc,l1n1111ne1frence (20).

Si le 1nl>l)in t>tlrle 1>ot11 ln 1>re111i1e fois <llt J,t1li11 ,ln11s ln s<111-

1,,1e ,r111, c.', . st <1t1e les vne111c11ls l,1i <1011naienl 11011r la pt'('t11ir1e
rl,i~ <1<.,,nsi<>11 ,l'nl,01<lcr el clc 1sot1<lre ce prol>l111e. J.,a sot11nle
7
\ 111 ,,,1tJt1~ L111 st1cc<'s <les 1r111st1lma11s erRl>es contre les Atol>es
rl111r11rts infi,lles. Il s'o~it snns d<lttte <le Rn<lr q11e lrs 11111st1l-
111nniss c.c>r1siclre11l ('.om1nl! le11r 11re111ire et g1anctc victoire.
(~!,) l~n lln1I fics 1,1rt1c~ n 11rrlrvr1 soit <ln11~ les ,;nrrfflce~. AOll Sltr le
t,,1ti11. l.~,il. V(I, 28 -34 ; X, 13-lfJ : Octtl XVIII, 3-4., - ne t,ouve ot1c-11nc
n111,lirnlic>11 nt1x origl11<'~ <le J'J~ln,11 n,nhc, potar <' (' lie 11niq11c rnison, qt1e le
rnl,l,i11 11'n,nil ,l~ 1~ cll,111 <le ~on n11n~tolnl at1c1111c ,aison l'instituer 11n
!'t:-tr'c-1,lc,cr n1nl1r. llnn~ sc,n nJln~lolnt, Ir rnl,hin prit lot1jour~ soin le nP.
rrlc,,i, ,,,,r l'<'sS(11licI clc ln 1~liHion mosnic111c, rl cl'rnrler clc l'lslotn nrnt,c
ct c111i rlni1 s1,~rific111r111c11t jl1if rlnns l'orRanisotlon ll1ocrotique de la vlc-
tc,irr. V,,ir I<' C,l1. s111 le Plcrinn~c.
].,es c,,1n11is,111ls, <'11gl11t~s cln11s les 1,,1,lilz cl les fc>lles 11n<lilio11s
11111st1l1\l,\ll<"'s, 111t'111i,>1111~11l n,'0111 l\ntl1, 1111e 1>elitc vi<.loi1c <les
isl:1111iss lll(\cli11c>s t:C)llfrc le~ i<l<>lnlacs IIICC<Jll<>!i i, Nitl<l1I, ll)lllllC
l<1ci1litr 11t1 11ca1cl <le 1.. n I\Jc<~<111c el <le 111111. Cl1c1s lcclct11s, l~<>ttlez
1l't\ll(l1,l IC' 1,il clt' 11c1s f a111c11x t(111,11isn11ls (gO) : c A (lc11x 1e1lri-
,<'s, ces ,.,,,z,,,,,
,l'i,illc111~ sa11s s11ccs, 1c11le11t c1'i11le1ce1>te1 ln rn10-
,n11e (<les icl<Jlftt1cs) 1evc11t111l clc SJtie it J.,n l\1eklce. A l\fcli11e, sc'nl-
l>l<'-l-il, <ltl fi1lil 11n1 s ncl'(l\tl111,,e1.. n celte 111lle co1,l1e ,l'111lt~ie11s
1
c f11cs >. U11 r<1111> ,le 111ni11 fil c<.. 1,c11(1nnt scn11(1nle. J)111n11l ln
l1,,e soc1e c11a 111clis (111 ,ajnl, (O<~<e111l,1e f>23) (31) 1111 cll11<l1c111e11t
<le ((t1el<1,1es l~1,,ig1t\s (:\2) R\11 l'()ttl1e t\11,1e cl11 P1,11)11le (;\:\) vitll
S<' 1>,>sle1 :1 Ni1l<l1l 1 (:l 1) 11<>11 1,,i11 (le ),1 1\lcl{l{c, (l<>111 ossailli1 ,111cl-
<ftl<"S 1\Jt,)(l<<>is isl<'s (:lf>).
l~C' C<l\111 1f11~sit rt les itel<lttlis e111et1l \111 ltlt~ el 1111 J>tis11111ie1'
1
1
(:l(;), A l\lrtli11r, l t 'lll(l(()ll f,11 fi g1n11,le (37) (fllC l\l.1l1c1111el <l<~SllV()tln
1,, cl1cf clt1 ,l,~l11tl1t'1111'11t clc1r1I le ?.rie n,oit 011l1e1,nss,~ lrs ,,1cl1cs
(;IR). l111e ,.(.\\'t;l,,lic,11 (:l!)) ,i11l l<lt1lef,lis 1nss111c1 les i11,111icls ( 10) : 1
2 1 1. ( J., l' s ( : 1 c~:, 11 rs 1' i 11 1c_, r1, , g C' 11 I s t I r It' 111 <>is s n c 1 e 1 1e fi, i I cl e
r<,1111>ltl11t ,1111:1111 <cl11-(~i. llt~,.,,,,,1~ (---le111) c (:c,111l)1lll1c t'll
('<' 11,clis rsl (ll(;tltt'l g,,,\'('. (,lf ,,is) ~ct11f()1 tl11 (:l,<'11,i11 I' ,\ lli,1,
( 11 ) , ,-. 11t, i r11 r, i<, c, 11 , , e 1s C <' I1, i-, i <' l 1:, l\ 1<> s <f 11 , , c I'A 11 J111, c x 1,, 11-
~,,,. (1(' ('('11<'-(' ,~r,,x ,,,,i l'cJ('('lll)Clll ('SI t>lllS 1-:1:t\'C 'lllC l11ct
(/,s / Ill /It~) (( :cll'tl Il, Il. !J:l -- 1f) > ( 12).

1::1 ,1,il:'1 111c ~,)11f cn1111l,IC's 1l f'xl1il,c1 l,s f11111<'t1x <'()11111i:-;1111ls !
1
<'c'
1:.,1,1111r11c1.-,'c>11~ l,i,11, i, 1>1t',sr11l, li, l11ssil11,lf' 111',,n J>f'ttl ,~1>1,>11,,c1
.' l l I S l \ l l l - - 111 <~ 11l l' } t : \ 1 <1C\' (l l l t {' t' ( t I l - - l <l l 1 l CS C- \' S \; t ,t l ~ l \ l 11l \ 1i (l l l S
(:lO) ll1 ..\,:11i 1,1~, I.e />,.<,l,/,1t< tl<' t1l(1l1<)tllrl. ,,. 105.
( :J 1) 1. a 1>r c t 1,. r ~
(:i2) 1.n 111rt1,c ?
(:1:i) f Jn flrr11,c ?
(:\1) l.n )\l"C\1\'C ?
(35) l .. a p1<'11,r ?
( 3 fi ) 1..o Jl ,. t", 1,. r ?
(37) l.n ptC"t1,r ?
(:lR) l .a flrt"11,(' ?
(:l!l)1.. n r1ctl\'(' ? (,_ltt( ,r11!-()ll ,011~ cliac lnr rr,lnlic,11 ? ,:,si \1nl111r11t
:l"":,r1t '1 C'Ollli(fll('.
( 10) J" 111'ir11n~!i11,, 1,i" 111:11 1111 :111rr,1r ~c l1(11n11l n,, ~f1ic11x rit fc1i\nr1l
1, 1l:ttril1cs ~11,tl,~.
( 11) (l11i si ("tl \ ll:111 ? .
( I:!) S111 le ,i1il:1l1l1 ~t11s cl, tt ,c1slI, ,.,,,,. 1lt1~ l1~1t1l, ,,. 1:11.

f..A GUEltnE ltll::OINOISE 141
111cles sn11s nt1c1111c J>1et1ve, OJlJ>ltyes s111 at1ct1n lexle el <lo11l
S(>I II 1<'1111, I i es 1011 lt'S les 11 i t>g 1n 1111 ies ,Je f\,[ oit on1111e d 1
l..,',11igi11c <le 1,)111 cc 1111,I J)tovie11t <ltt fuit qtt'en g111nl les
C<)1n11i.s1111ts, )i11gt1istes et exgtes, 11'011l a11c11n sens l1istoric1t1e et
11l,t,1<lc11t l'r.ltilc cltt liv1e CJtl'(>n Rf>J>elle fo11ssc111enl le Co1a11 nvec
1111 es111il c11glt1 1>01 lt>Llles les i11e1>lics <les co111111enlnleurs ornl,rs
c111i, n l'i11sln1 <le le11rs 111ocle111rs i111ilnlet11-s, 11'nvoic11l 11011 1>l11s
n11c1111, 11oli(>n ,le lo c1itir111e l1islori,111e. Il fut1<l1nil <lnns les t11<lcs
isln111(Jttt~s 11n co111, de l>ttlui exccplion11el 1>011r rendre l,esp1it
t,,11lc sll c:ln1l el sn 1>lei11e fac11lt (le j11ge1nent. I.. cs co1n11isa11ls
sc,111 <,1111111ten1enl isols <llt11s Jettr pse11tlo-savoi1. 01111c 1>n1l, les
l1islcl1ic11s 1<'gn1cle11l cc>111111c i11eJ)les let1rs 1cits fonlnisistcs el s011s
1111c1111 r,,11,JP111l'11t ; et cl'n11l1e 1,a1l, ces co1nnisants 11c 1>e11ve11I
nvc>i1 i1t1<1111c 1>1ise s111 lt's l1c>111111cs C(ll co111111isse11l les 111111s tl
IC's <,,11l11111es n1nl>cs el c111i 11c se lnissc11t fncilc111ent 11i l>lttffl'1,
11i l,c,11<'1 ( 13). Y-n-1-il t111c g111isc>ll )>(>ssil le celle le11c1,1ie clts
<~<>1n11is1111ls ? ()11i, tl<>tts se1l1l)le-l-il. Il s11ffil ,le 1>1e11clre 1>nli~11ce <'l
l11issc1 s'il<i11,l1e celle g1,1nlio11 <Jtti n si co11111llc111e11l cl1011
(l111s SC's <'lttclcs isl11111ic111cs, cl to111111c11ce1 cls 111ni11tr11t1nt li1 f<)t-
111:,ti,,11 ,le 11(,11vcllcs t'<111i1,cs, jc1111es, Sflo1 lives, a1es, n l'C's111il
~c,liclc111t11I 11c,silif, l>ie11 J>lic's a111x 111ll1<)clcs tic ln crili<Jllc l1is(4>-
1i,111,,, 111i lc111 1>e111etl111il clc s<.;J>n1e1 le ,,1ni (111 fnttx, et ,le llnlny<'I"
i1111>ilc>~11l,lc111cnt lt)lllcs les sc,111ell<'s tirs cc>111111r.11l:1lc11rs. Il csl
,~,itl,111 111c ,~.,~ 11<111vcl)cs t'<111i1>cs 11c (1cv111ie11l 1ic11 ig11c)1cr <le 111
lilf,,1111111(~ l1t'l11nc111c~ cl jt1iv<.', A.'t. ; 1"fi,J111scl1i111, 1nt11111cl ; cllt's
<lc'v1:1ie11( 11,,11 set1lc111<'nl i\lrc fit111ili1cs i11lellcl'l11ellc111r11t o,'l'C
1,,111 ,cllc lill1nl111e, 111nis s1111,,11t co111111r11clre 1,n1 le fc,11,I 111111c
l'cs1,1if 1cligie11x (l'ls1,,i;I, lc>t1lcs cc>1111oissn11l'es i11clis1,ensnl>lcs ))>111
J>tf'11,l1,, 1>lli11c <~<l11s<ic11C(' cl11 l1ov11il n11c1s l<)li<r11c ('l lill1ni1c c111
1:1IJl>i11 tt' l.,11 l\lec<Jtlc, v1il11l>c fo11<lalet11 <le 11sla1111 Rl'nl,c.
J..'ex1)tlilio11 (Je Nnlc1,Jn est 1ncor1le nvec pl11s <Ir ll11ils

('11,,,1<~ 1>n1 GA11n1~Fl\()'\'-J>,~~10N1t\"NES, ~fn /10,nt'I, J). 123-12,1 : 11
<')11,ir11l cl'i11siste1 s111 l':1fTni1c cl'n11-NnlcJ11n : elle 1no11t1e c111r ln
11111<.11r1c ,les l~111ig1s f'll\'C'l'S let11s co11cilo)'Clls petit lt:'~ c,>11-
cl11i1r. :\ 1111c violltlio11 r1,1g111ntc (le l<1t1les les conventions <111i,
clnr,~ l'A1,,l,ic 1>1-isln111i<111c, 111ni11te11nie11t qt1C'lq11e sect11il 011x
1rl11ti,,11s i11lr1l1iJ,nlcs.
I:IIC' <'sl ,111lc.~c <le 1,1 fi11 <le 1oc1jol> nn Il (Nove1nl>1c 023) ~1)cl-
c111,, z', l:llfltcllc lcis 1>l'lc1i11s ,le l:1 111111n cl11 27 1c11traic11I elle'?.
C'ttx. l l11c l)Clitc l>n11,lc~ (le l1,1it Q111ncl1 i les 111igrs se 111et c11
(1:1) .l':,i nssistt" ~t11 rr .s,1jrt n ,lf's ro11vf'r~nlior1~ Pl ro11f-rcnrr~ ,le~

,,fllci,ts clc~ Atl:1i1rs l11clig11('s (A.I.) se f.{nt1ssn11t <les tl,ses et <le la litt1n-
lt11c clc'S '(11:111isn11ts 111l1opolit11i11s.
1 J2 1. ISI.A~I A ltAltr. EN ~IAlt(:IIE - LA GU En RE
1c111lc so11s 1,, ,li1< cli,111 cl'll>11 l>jnl1()1, o <fll le P101)l1le 1c111cl
1
111,c lcll1c ,, ~il 11r cle,,111 ()11,1i1 ,111'a111rs ,lr11x jc>111s ,le 111n1cl1e.
l~llc l11i (J1,lc)llllt! ,l'olle1 i, Nnlcl1nln, <l1ilr<~ ~1tklce cl rJ"a1f, ce <ftti
tsl 1111c g11,11clc 1,,11<lo11nrr, cl cl')' g11cller les 111011vc1ne11ls (les
Q111ncl1iles, rl s11ivn11l t111c l1nclili<lll (Jtle 1'(111 cl1crcl1<!tn
ir1111osL1 o l'o1,i1lic>n, (le 1e,t'11i1 c11 i 11fo1111c1 ~l<ll1n111111e(I. l.1es
1nzzie111s ~.r11tc111 l)i~11 11,,111la111I ltt btilnill', (n1 flc11x tl'cnl1e
C'tlX, i11c111iels, <lis11n1nissc11l S(>t1s le p1~text~ le 1nll11l1>c1 tin
(l11l111en11 t'gn1 <l on 11r les re,,oit <Jt1'n l\ltli11t~. U11f' 1,clite
l':l111,i111t' 111rkl<(>s<' 111>1,n11,il, tl1n1g'c <le ,,i11, clc pcn11x et <le
11,isi11s sc<s ; l<.'s 111:1l1e l1(,111111r's fJll 1:l c,,n<l11isc11I se laftlt'tll
nfi11 cl',1ll< i11cl1<~ I<.! ll't1itc1i1f' si1r1 <le l\lcl{l{c, ((l1 f'!il l<>lll 1>10-
1
(lae, n,,a11l <111e ~,>il lr1'111i11i~ le 111(1is sn<.1 clc ra,lj,1IJ ,111i les
1>1olg<~ 111111 1111 j,1111 <'lll'o1c. l... t1 vt1~ clrs six 1\lrcli11c,is les
i11c111irlc, 11111is c,,111111t' 1'1.1, cl',11x, UltkncJ,n, n ln llc~ 1tlsc, ils
JJC11sc'11t r111r t' t'sl 1111 l,1n,'<' 1,t~l<'1i11 <111i 1e,,ir11l cle l,t ,,,nr,r. cl
1
il~ co11li1111<.11I l>1isiJ,l<'111c11l l<'t11 1,,11lc. 1. . es six l~111ig1s s,1111 lcr,-

lrs J>n1 le l,11li11 : 11111is il le,,,, fn11l violet 1111 lnl>c>t1, soil cel11i
cl11 111l>is ,le 111lj:11l, s,,it cel11i ,lt1 le1,itf11'e snl't. Ils s'y <lci-
<lc11I. ll11 f\l('l<l<f>s <'si l11, cl<t1x nt1l1es 111is,,1111ic1s. l . . es l~111i1~1s
1r11l1e11l fl l\(,li1lc 0\'('C llll )Jll(ll l<llll, scl<>ll JJ,11 l)j:1l1cl1, le
,111int ,lc,il 1r,c11i1 n l\Ic,l1n111111r,I. Ils). S(lllt IIC('llC'il1is f)l\1 1111e
1r1>1<>l,nli,111 g<11i-1nlC' : (>11 r1'ncl111el J>Rs <111'ils nic11l os violet ln
lrve ,le 1,,,l.i,11> : les .Jl1ifs r,,11l <l<s cnl<~111l>1l111s 1\vr<.~ IC's 110111s
clcs ll<'l()t11s ,ltr ,l1;1111e. l.,C's 11111st1l1111111s 1r1><'l(l11t ffllC' l\l<,l1n111-
111c.',l 11'n t><1i11t cl,,1111i' l'c11cl1C' cl'nllnc111e1 : il 111el sc1t1s sc~,111cst1e
l<.'s 1,1is,,1111it1s <'l 1<' l,11li11, ri il 1<,f11st~ cl'r11 1,1,11cl1c s:1 Jl1111. l.,( S
11
(J111,1cl1ilts 11,Mcie11I le 1n<l111I clrs clrttx CllJ>lifs : 1'1111 cl'c11x

se r,l11vc,lil rl 1r~lc i1 l\lt~cli11,. l~I c'rsl i1 ("(' 111,1111c11I, J)t'tll-l1<',
,111 t>r-11 n1,1<'s, 111e se 1,lncc 111 1t~v'lnlio11 : ~ Ils l'i11lc11ogP11l
st11 le 111,lis s11c1, : ,, <,,111l,:,tl1c ? l)i!i : Y rc1111l):1ll1c, csl g10,,e,
111nis l'1111r1 le cl1r111i11 ,l'Allnl,, tre inr1,1,'n11ls
I(~ J.. 11i el ,le ln
111osc1t1t\c s11c1t~r, C'I c11 f;1i1c s,11ti1 ses ge11s est 1>l11s grnvr n1111rs
cl'Allnl1. l ... 11 1111,111re ({il11a) <'SI 11l11s g1nvr c111e ln t11e1<' (,1 ,1>.
Cc vr,sf't <'I cl'11t1tres sP111lltnl>l<'s 011t fo11111i 1111r. l>nsc 1cli-
~ir11se ln g11e11c conl1e les l\leltlc,,i~. l.,'nltit11,le (le l\l,>l1a,111111P(1
_,. n1111011<e rcll<' fflt'il nt11n ,l,1ns ,l'n11 l1es ci1cc>11sl1111crs : 111rl-
l1<' ses g,l1,~ ,l1111s lrll<~ 0<<11sic111 oi1 ils 1>c1,111,,11t t'l'Cll'C' 11gi1
scl,,11 stlll ,1~~i, ; t>tli~, le111 lnis"n11l ln res1,c>ns11l,ilil ,le lc111
n<l~, 111>111011,r1 1111 IJJ11111c1 s~lc,11 le s11cr<'s ; <01111lll'I' s111 Ir
1<'11111~ 11,1111 1rs,,11,l1e les clifl,11ll~ : nt1 jot11 11101>ice, ~c,,11tc1
1,, 1>n1c>I<' tl'All:1l1. li est !-;OllVt11t tlifficile cle clisli11~11c1 <la,11s la,
(41) l. 2, 214.

LA OUEI\I\E MEDINOISfi 143
rill1c 1111lt11e <le l\lc>l1n1,1111c(I cc <Jtli est <111 P1opl1le, et ce <Jtti
C'sl (111 <:l1ef 1>olili<1t1e, <111i csl, 111nlg1 lo11I, 11n l10111111e (1c s<>tl
lcr111,~ ( If>). Il co11vic11I clc 1'lll>1>clc1 <ftt'i l )' nvail n Nnlcl1la 1111
sn1l.:lt1ni1e tl't,l-'()zzt\ , .
Q111111ct ()Il a ln 111oi11<l1e 11oti,,11 ,le la c1iti<111e hislo1iqt1e. on

(~1>1c>1t,'l' <~<)l1l111c 1111 sc'11li111c11l <le l1onte, ln lecture lie pa1eille.<,
i>11gcs <111i l<>t11ne11l nt1 1i,li(t1lc et a11 g1otesqt1e. Je 11'en ve11x 1>as
n11x nt1lc111s, nl>sol111t1cnl t>ns, 111nis co111111enl <les gens pnr aille\11s
si l,1tlvcs cl si l101111les 11'c>11t-ils 11ns tJ1011v. le 111oin<lrc rc1no1cls
('I\ (.'l'l'\'l\lll ltltlles (~CS tlissc1\tllit)llS ? Co111111e11l J)OllVOllS-llOllS v1ni-
111r11( l(~s 11e11(l1c nt1 s1ict1x ? li f at1l 11011s y 1sott<l1e (l'1111e foo11
l~<111stic11lc <'I lolole : 1<.~s tt1<l<~s co1011(Jt1es et isln111i<Jt1es 011t fttit
1i<1i:, 11e11 t l .. 11 1 f 11 i 11 i t e.
(J11i111l it l'cx1><lilio11 (le Nnltlila, notts la 1nyt>11s J>t11cn1enl et
~i1111ll<'tt1<'ltl (le l'l1isl<>i1c <le l\1<llta1,1111ed jt1s<1l1'n ce qlte 1's rt1tlils
i11i1l)is:11lls 11ot1s C'll 11ic11l fot1111i <les J>t"euves in<lisc11tnb)es.
(45) XI. 1, 1273 rt s.; IX. 2, 1, 5 et s.; 111, 1,408; LV. 71, XIII, 1, 966
I.. XI, 270 ; VI, 114 Cl S. ; lt'R4l. t 72 ; XX. 158.
.l. I I\EN(:()N'l'I\E l>E llAl>ll.
1. . ,, 1e11tt,11l1c clc ll.1111 11c,t1s csl 1,11tt>1lt! 11t>111111111c11l 1>01~ les

Acles de l'lslct111 :
119. Ce1lcs, \',111,v ''<>lis a sccc>111t1s i, Ui1clr, r1l(,1s c111c V(>tts liez
l111111ilis - c1uig11cz \'111,,,, 1 1>et1l-l1e se1ez-vo11s 1cco11-
11aisst111ls (-IU).
li11cl1 lnit 1111c (>tlilc lc>rnlil, l<>talc 1>1t>cl1l~ <le ltt 111c11 la,11~ le
'l'il10111n, e11l1c Ltl I\IL'C<Jttc tl l\lcli11e, lg1e111e11t nt1 stll>i11 l' J>ntlc, e11
ctct, ex1>licilc111l'11l <l'l111e cx1>clitic>11 viclc,1iel1se clcs 111t1s11l111u11iss,
scco11111s 1>,11 \':1l1,,i. t>l11siet11s nt1l1cs textes (les A,les vil~1111e11t
l"(>11t)l>u1e1 ce ,cts,-1 11~) el 11c>tts 1t1ec>11lc11l les ci1<. c>11st,t11ces (le celle
0
tt'IIC()lll1c. ()11 ll\'ll( Olllll)IIC R l\[tlitle Je l)nssngc Q ()l'tlXlll( (le

1:, ville <le tlc11x ct1111\n11cs (l'i11ficlles : l't111e (le ces cnravn11es l11it
1>ct1 1101111>,<!tlsc ; elle (lcscc11l:1it 1>rol)nlJle111e11t cl11 No1cl, ve111111l
1101 C<>11s<fltc11t (Il' ln S.}1it! ; l'1111l1e, J>lt1s i1111><>1tn11lc, 111011lalil clc
l.-11 ~fCC()lle, O\'C(' 1:, IIISS()I) <le 111c,lgt1 clll t>illnge la Cl\l'OVllllC cles-
tcn<l11nte el (le l'tticlt1 n 1c11l1cr ;'1 l,c,11 J>c>rl. C'l,1il ln cn1nvn11c <le
sctc1t11s. Le 1:1l,l,i11, r111i nv11il lt. s<>t1ci <le 11ot111i1 ses t11111illcs, 11,,11ss11
l\lc,l1n111111rcl el lts /\ 1111,cs 11111s11l1111111s il S<11ti1 clc lc111s go111J>is clc
l\lcli11c 1><>t11 11lltt<Jt1e1 ln <:n111v:111c <lesc.~c11clt111lc el se 1>1<lc111c1 tti11si
tl<! ln 11<>t111il111( ,,,1111 les 11111s11l1111111iss 111t~lc111t>is ,f11gis
l\f l\<li11e. ()1, ils se l1t.111t1c11l n11ssi ln c1,1nvn11c <le s<.'c<>l11s.
llic11 <Jtlt' ('1,,~1111l~, <c1ti1i11s A1nl,es 11111s11l1111111iss c111i 11'n,tnie11t

1,i,s 1>ot11 n11t1111l 11J,:111(lc,1111 lct11 IC'1111>1n111e11t 1t1nlt~, 11'i\t11ie11t
g11i.1(: 1>111lisn11s (le t.cllc sc,,tie tt'ils jt1gc11ie11l 1101, n,c11l111('11sc.
,\1)1s ln vic1,,i1r. ils ,,c Jlnttlo1111nic11I 1>0s e11c(l1c n l\lc)l1n111111t'cl <le
l,s n,oi1 l'X(lC>ss :'1 l,1 111<>11 1 l~t l'r.t><11cln11l, "\'ttl1,, 11e vl'ill1,il-il
7
1,n~ s111 V(lllS '/ \ c)tlS n,i('Z J>CllS(~, <li111s \'<>l1e 1,111cl< lll'C, i, ,()IIS 11lln-
1
(lll('I" n 111 1l11s t>tlil, cles clc~,,~ c111n,n11es, 1,c11sn111 ttl<' vc111s llt,111-
1ic7. l'1111n11ti1 1>lt1s fnlilc111c11t cl ,,<,tas l'1111>111c1' tic ses 111:,1tl1n11-
clisrs, 11,<'r llll 111c,i11.Jac tln11gc1. l\J:1is 11<>11 1 l.,n Si,gcssc tle ''1111,,,
11c' rcllll'iclc~ 1>ns lc,t1jc,111s nvcc lit ll111,l<'t1cc l11111111i11c. (;c 11'<.sl 1,ns
S('llll'IIICII( l;1 l><'II~ l1c,111,c tics (!tll'l\\'Ollic,s <1~ V()IIS IIV('~ rxlr-
lllII('('. \'>tl~ ,,,c7. l11c' j11s<111'1111 clc111ic1 tlt'S 11,fi,lil,s I l . e 111l1l,i11
c11 l'SI lc>11t c11ll1c11~i:1s111t? : <~'esl ,,11,,,,,11,,t,c l>ir11, I<' llictt cl"ls1nl
'ftti ,,o,1s ,, tlo1111i~ l:1 ,icl>i1c 1,,,1t'(' 111c V<ltts n,cz l'tt r,,ic11 l~11i l
(-lU) So,,r. 111, 119.

-
I...A GUEl\llE MEOINOISE 145
5. l.,e Scig11ct1r l'o fait sotli, <le ln de111c111e, avec ln V1il,
nl<>ts ,111'1111e 1>n1lie <les C1o)'n11ls avoie11l cc1tes de l'ave1sio11
1><>111 cela (-17).
(;. Ils (lis1>t1lcnl 111111e co11l1e loi, att s11jel <le ln Vtit np1s
<111e celle-ci s'est 111n11ifcsle co1nn1e s'ils taient 1>ot1sss n
la 111011, alo1s <ftt'ils s<>11t <ln11s l'cx11eclntive.
7. Jl:11,1>elez-vc,11s q11nn(l YnJ,", vo11s p101neltait q11'1111 <les <lc11x

g1011 Iles set"O il n vo11s, q11a11d vo11s (lsiriez q11e f Ct t vo11s
le g1,,111,e 11011 1ecl<>tJl11l1lc, nl<>rs q11e Ynl1,v vottlait t"Rlisc1
l:t \',il 1>01 s011 a11t el cxle1111i11e1 jt1sf111'011 <le11,ic1 <l(s
I 11 fi (1! les.

8. 'l'c>trf celo, afi11 tle 1nlise1 la Vrit et d'nnanlir le Fat1x,

c11 cl1,il <les Cot11>el,lcs.
!J. ll:111>l'l,~z-vot1s c111a11(I vc>tls <)e111nndiez secot1rs votre Sci-

~11c111 ,,t ,1t1'Jl V<>Us exnt1n, vot1s cliso11l : c Je vais vo,1s
cll,1111c1 e11 1enfo1t 111illc 1111gcs ayant co111pognons en crou1>c>.
lfl. Yi1l1,,,~ 11e le fil q11e rc>1111nc l>on11e noltvclle po111 votts, nfin
(fll<.' 1>111 C(ln S<' l1,111c1t1illisnss,,11l vos c111s. Le sccot1ts vic-
1,,1ic11x 11e vieil( r(ttc <le Ynl1,v. Yltl1,v est Pttissnnl el Sngc 1
(Il;)
<:'rsl sn11s (lo11le n11x circonsln11ccs <le celle renco11l1c qt1e f(lt1l
t11tt,1,, :1ll11si,,11 l<'s ve1scls s11ivn11ls: J..,es Croyn11ts tnic11t Ilien l>r-
111cs f)t>t11 C(l111l,ntl1e : ils nv11ie11l <lo1111i st11 Jlln(e et s'lnie11t 1<'1,,,_
0
s< 's. Il nvnil J>lt1. l ..'cntt (lt11irie les d111cs, 111ois elle 1ofTe1111il n11ssi
les <.'c,t11i,gcs cl 1e11<l le snl>lc t>l11s fcrn1c 1>ot11 la 111ercl1c. Dans le
silc11<c 4Jc v,1s dines, Ynl1,v V<)tl~ pnrlnit : c Je st1is nvec vot1~ > 1
1 (-1!)) Il ~r li lc>11glc.'lllflS ((llC ,,o~ S11i11ls Livres 110\IS 1onl ofTi,111~ :
,,,11,,,f ('si :,vcc re11x ,111i Cllllll>nllt'11t les l11fi(ll<'s et les i<lollrcs :
l .. ,,1s,111(' 111 1>n1li1ns r11 g11er1e co11l1e les c1111c1ni~ et c111e t11 ,,r,-
1,1s clt's ,l1rv1111x, cle~ cl101s rl 1111 1><'t11>lc (llt1s 11<>1nl,1<'t1x CJtle l(,i,
111 11"<11 ,,111118 Jlns llCttr ; t'l Ynl1,v 1(>11 ))ie11 est nve1ti. llti <ftli 1"11
( 17) 1:,s (:1r,)n11I~ l1t"siln,,1~ ri <1111 r('rt,;C'nf tl<- 11,n1cl1cr n,, <'<>11,l>nl, rr1,1(,_
sc11lr11I lts lly1>c><1II<'~ clt' l\fi,li11('. l .. r~ ll{,1,1c,1x c"1,1c,l1,rr1tl <"C 11,f111C' ~~
li111,11I; ,,,i,l:x<,(lt', XIII. 17: c l4clr~<111c l>J,n,n,,,, lnissn nllcr le 1,e,11,I<,
Jlit11 ,,,, le rc,11,l11isll 1c>i11l 1,n1 le c,f1(111i11 cl ,,:,~~ cl~~ rl,ilisli11s. q11oi<111c
1~ ,,1,,, c,,1111 ; c,,r l>itl1 clil : c l.r 1c,11>lc 1>01111nil ~c rc1>e11li1 crt \'0}':1111
ln ~ltcr1c. t'I 1rto11111cr en l~Ul'l>lc >.
(IR) S(1t1r. VIII, 5-10.
(lit) ,,,,,,, 11.
10
1 1(i
1. JSl ..\l\l AIIAIJI~ F.N ~IARCIIE - I.. A GUEnnE
1:,il 111,,111,,,. cl,, 1,i1_,s ,11~1-!J'()lt'. ().11n11(l v,111s se1ez s111 le J>f,i11l tl'c11-
1~;_1g<'1 Il l"<>111l>:1t, lt' 111t11, s',,,,n11c<1n et J>t1rle111 011 1e111,lt~. Il )11i
cl11 a, : l~tt>tll<', ls1;1i~I, \'t11s c111i (,tes ,111jt1t11c1'1111i s111 le 11,li11l cl't~11-
g:1g<t le c<,111l,:1t t<,11l1c ,,,s l'l11111,is, c111e ,c,l1e ct11 11e fRil,lisse Jltls 1
I~ti,_,,7: 11i t1,1i11!' 11i ;111~c,issr, cl Ill~ ll'l't 11l,lt'Z 1,1,s clcvn11l e11x. f.111
'1111,,c ,,,,11,~
l>1c11 111n1cl1C' 11,el~ vo,,s, 1><>111 co111l,nll1e 1,0111 volts,
t(111(1c \ ' ()S Clllll'lllS c-l \'l)llS Sf\11\'CI" (fi()).
.Je s11is n,cc l<,i, AfT~1111issc1. cct1x <Jtti croit11l l .Il~ v:,is jt~tc1
l'cfl'1c,i tl1111s les tct.111:-; cl<. lc11x 111i S<>lll i11fi<lles. F1n1>1><' 7. l011c
sl11 les l,,11s I t1111>1>cz-l<s st11 l(s ,1,,igls 1 > (51).
( :l'S i11fitl<'l('S st st,111 s,;1,111s <le Ynl,,v t~l tic S<>II n1>>l1c. ()1,
1111c1>11,111c se st1>:t1t clc ,:,11,, l'i cle St,11 111>i,t1c <sl 1,111,i. <'I ,p1,l1,,,
est l<11il,le l'i) SClll ll1nli111c11l (!'i2). /\ ''(JIIS n11l1e~, i11fi<IPIPs, voilt1
,,,11(' sc,1l l'i ,c,tJs, C:,,,~1111s, s:tcl1cz <llll~ les i11ficl&lcs sttl)itc,11( le
lcllll'llll'III cl11 l;-l'tl (:,:1). St,~"C'1. clc,11c l"c1111ng('ttx, <> \'Oils qtti ,,,,ycz.
<,>11011,I ,,,,,,s
1(11(c,11l1( I'<': ,,,,,. ,1c cl1111s l' 11vr11i1 <'<'IIX ,111i ~f,111 i11fi-
1
.1,-.,,,~, 11c lc111 1111111tl'7. 11c,i11l le (lc,s (:.1). N'Jt)'CZ J>lts Jtt111 le ln
,,,,, . ,.
<:',si ,1ll1,,c,. I<'(:1cnlct11 ,111 til'I el ,le li, terrc 1111i \'t>tls ("t11,lt1it.
JI llC l)C'II( f):ls \'C)tl~ lll>tll1tl<)llll('I". 1\ rr1(>tll f' Z flclllC l,Clllll'III 11\'C\C Cf)ll
111gt.1 :
1:1. 0 \'C)llS (fll ('1'())'('1. ! (J11:111(l \'()IIS 1c11cc,11(1c1ez CCllX (Jtli S()lll
i11filPles, r11 111:11tl1c <c,11t1c ''<>tts, 11c l< t11
1
lt>t1111c~ 1>c>i11l le
le tlos !
t(;. f,)ltt'f)IIC(II(' lf'lll' lllClllll<'t'II Je <fc>S, f'II ('(' jfllJt - Slltlr

'. .
S 1) SC
,lt!l11cl1r 1,c,111 1111l1c f'>r11l,:1I c,11 s'il se 1cti1~ ,,c,111 (1c'jc,i11-
1111
cl1t1 1111 ,,11l1c) <'<11>~ -- t'f'l11i --ll1 t'11c<>t11r:1 ln r<,li1c ,le ,,,,l1wt' 1
,
cl st111 1C'f11gt' s<'111 l:1 (iltl'l\11<'. Q11 cl cli l<.'sl:1l>lc l>evr11i1 1 1
17. (:e ll'csl t>:l" ,clll~, <fll 11\'C'Z ftt c. cs 11ricll eS ; c'C'S( )nit\\'~ 1
,,1,i lrs :, lt1c '!i. 1,1 11'11s 1,c,i11l ,is <111n11tl ltt tts '\'scp'. (:'csl
,,,11,,(~
111i 11 ,isc! 11fi11 (I<' f:1i1<' ~,,1011vl'1 n11x C1c,yi,11ts t111c
fit\'C'llt \'(.'IIIIC cl{' l.111i. '\',,t,,,,t", l'llfCll(l (<lttl rl snit 1,,111.

(:tf)) 1>1111 . ~X. 1 1 : ,.,i,

:111ssi ilf,I . XXV I II. 7
fl1 ('SSl'l,tc,,I (">11l1c 1,,i. '\':11,,,( fca., l(c; ,ni11c 11c; >.
: c l>1 s r1,11c11ais c111i se
( 5 1) S) l 1l'. ,, 111 1 1-12.

(52) Jt,f,I. 11: ,,,ir :,,,~"i s1,t11. 1.IX, 7.
(r, 3 > , 1,;,,. , 1.
(f,t) Ibie/. If> .
I.A GUEnI,E ~IDINOISE 147
1
2(). \ 1,ili, 1 Sncl1cz fJttc Y11l1,v vn 11lt1i1e o t'e11 le stratng111c
(les i11fitlles (55).

l:'esl ~(lt1l1e les l11fi<llt's, les i,lc,lnl1C's <Jt1'il fuul C<>111l>all1e. l .. n

l-(t1r11e (l:111s ces co11c1iti1>11s est 1111 (levoi1 : c'est n11ssi tin ncte tic
(,,11fin11ce c11ve1s ''111,,,, ,111i 11111c les sie11s l <ltl Il le vct1t et ,111i
~ 1,s nl)nt1(lo11ne jn111nis. Q11oic111'il 011ivc - 111111e ln 11101t - 1,1
,,i(l,,i,c V<>11s op1>1l1tie11<l1a. (J11n11l vo11s, l11fitlles. e1111e111is <le
"\'11l1,-1, ,c)tls vo11lez 011ssi le s11ccs. Eli bic11, il est l clevn11t votts.
\'t,11s 11'11,,cz c111'n ccssc1 cl'lre lt<>slilcs :
1~). (l11filles), si vo11s cl1e1cl1ez ot1 est le st1ccs, le s11ccs csl

l:'1 <lc,,0111 V(>tts. Si \'<>t1s cessez ()'l,e 11<,sliles, cela S<'t11 1111
lti,,11 1>t>t11 v<>tts. Si ,c>11s 1cc(>111111e1,ccz, 11c>t1s 1cc(>t11111e11tc-
1(,11s, el vol1c no111l,1c 11c se1vi1n il 1ic11, ffil-il lt's g1'1111<I.
\' t t l 1, ,, es l n v cc 1es C 1o.}' o 11 l s (5) .
(:c,111111c llt>trs Je v,,yo11s J>n1 cc lexie, ltt g11c1rc csl ((ltljl>t11s l<>(:1-
lis<''c l'tl 11liliet1 a,nLe : cc sc,11t les <:1oyo11ls ornl>es, les 111t1s11l-
111:111iss, fJtti fo11t la gt1c11e o,,x p<>lytl1istes, 011x i<lolftt1es, ori,l>l\S
c111i se 1cf11sc11l i, se ,allier n11 l)iet1 <l'ls1n).
f.,n C(>11tl11sic>11 (57) 1cligiet1se <le celle vicloi1c ilnil f1,cilc :'1
CX()(lsr1 t\l le rnl1l1i11 le fnit nvcc nisn11ce : A1nl>es 11111st1l111nniscs,
\'()IIS le \'(J)'CZ, il fottl ol>i1 n Ynl1w et i, SOll A11t1e. Ne VOllS tlto,11-
l)('Z Jlt>11l clc l . . 11i, nl(11s CftlC' v<1t1s l'nlc11<lez I Ne faites point co111111r
<'('tfx 111i <>11t tlit: Nt1t1s 11vo11s e11lc11<lt1 >, nlors qt1'ils n'e11lc11<le11l
11cli11I. l"es J>ires <ll's l1es nt1x yc11x (le Yol,w, so11t les S<>tlrfls cl
IC's 111t1els c111i 11c 1t,isor111c1,t 1>,1i11t. C1o}'Onls. 1p<lll<IC'Z to,1jot1ts i,
,1111,,1, cl r'1 l'A1>>l1<', q111111cl celui-ri vo11s llfl}lelle vers cc q11i V<>tls
f<1:t ,i,,1t'. S111lo11I, gi,1tlcz-vo11s cl'nl>jt11c1 1 lln1,1>clez-vo11s Vf>lrc
1):111,,,c cx1>i'1ie11c~. Il 11'y n J>ns lo11gte1111>s, vo11s liC'Z e11co1e c11
l,ic11 J>clil 1101J1l)tc cl vc111s nviez Jlettr <le vo,,~ ,oit e11lcvc1 1 I:t
\'nll\\'(; VOIIS a SC('()lll"\IS. Il V()llS Il nssisls ,le so J>ttis~nllC(\ et \'()IIS
1
11 11,('7. j:1111:iis 111nt1fJt1 clc 11,,1111it111<'. Ne l1nl1isst'Z j11111nis 11i Y11l1,v,
11i l',\11C,l1e 1 (fi8) N'<>t1l,licz J>ns fft1c vo~ l>ic11s cl vos c11r1,11ls ,,,1,s~
(:!i) Sf,111. VII(, 15-18.

(f,ti) 1/,i,I., 10.
(f,7) c:'c.sl a\ tlcssci11 <JII<' 11,,,,~ rc,11~i,l101,~ VI I I, 2fl-20 co111111e ,1nr c(111-
rl11si(,tl ,1,1 1,1f'11,ic1 s11rcs ,lcs C1oya11ls, plull <111e lies c olJ11rgatio11!1; >
n v :111 f ln 1, n I ni 11 <'.
(f,8l N11l11rcllr111f'nl. 011 tlrl,,rcI,~ 11n(' sl1,t11iflrnlio11 conc-ttr il rc ,ct~cl ri
<111:111tl 011 <l1c1(l,e, 011 trottvc. Il s'ngil <l'ttn c 111nnqt1c <le c.Jroitt1rc cl'1111 ,t1-
1
l:1i11 Al1ti-J.11l>fll1n (ttii, l,ic11 <flic rn11st1l1nan, nvnit onn au clan J11ir ,Jrs
~~111:1) 11, 1111 nvi~ 1'lll1l1r1i1c ,,,,x i11lr{ls (le ses frres. Si ln tlonnc rst ,xa,le,
le ,t. sl111it <le 627 > (!Il) IJ1.Ac.11tr,B, /~e Corn,,, r. Ill 1>. 832, n. 27.
1 IS 1
1. ISl.,\1'1 ,\Jl:\IJI~ EN 11,\RCIII~ - LA OUEl,J\E
lif11<'11l 11,,t11 ,,111s gr:111,te lr11l11lio11. Ils n1Tnil,lisse11l V(Jl1e t'(ltt-

11111
1 :tgt, f,11!irit11( \"(lll"l' t''IJ(tSIII(~, ri c)lllllll('II( \'(llte clsit clt! C()llllJlll.
c, , 1)11, c111i ,., .,_,tz, si \'<>ll!i c111i~11c-z '\'r\11 ,vf, il v,,,,s sn,1vc1n el 1>n1-
cle,1111t1:1 \'l>S lllllll\'flS('S ,,,litJllS (:,!J).
l.,t'S 11,i<11l ;, ("t)llll)lll'CI" le IJltll i, ,,,.,t tll'S
111tlils c111i tl1(.tl'(.)1( 1
,\cles ,le 11.~1,,11t lt\'('l' 1,~ 111,,1 il 11101 (les IJiv1cs S11i11ls cl(! l'A.'I,.
~,1111it111 sr111s tlc111lc (ll;tfs (11111s le111s i11veslig:1IllllS ; 111nis l'ex..
gi:,~ t111i &ltt-tlrli, cl,s 111<>ls tl1c1,l1,, l'es1,1i l, sc111 ici l,111tc111c11I sr,tis-
r:,ilc. l . l~ 11,l,l1i11 (llli J>t11lc (I(! 1,, g11e11,~ 1111,s '"S ,,,.,,,.-. ,,,~ /'l.'i/11111,
lt 11,il cx11cl( IIIC'lll cl1111s le 111111c cs1>1i f CfllC 1:, J~il,lc! : ,1,11,vt~
1
11,,,11111 11>111 , . ,,,:,, cl vc,11s, lc.11c,;-,0 11s l1n11(111illcs > ((i(t) : les
!...~!~'l,I<'IIS li1t11I 11lc,1s : li'tl)'<a11s ,1,~v1111l ls111l, (111 l~'csl \':1l1,,,~
111i t,,1111,111 1,c,t11 l11i tc,11l1t! l'l~gy1,le > ((il) ; c ls111l vil 111 111:1i11
1 1 11iss111tl( 1
,,,.,. 'i,1,,,c~
:,,,:il 1111,11l1c~r i, l'c.;Mlll'(I tl('S ~~)')>l('llS ri il
11111 :~, \'111,,,.,~ cI :, l\lc,s(', ~,c,11 st1,,ilc111 ((i2). J..,e 1:1l,l,i11 clis11il l11i
:,11-;si : (:'c.~l , .., Sti1i11(t11 fftli l'a, r,,it SC) tlit tic ltt ,le1,1t111c > ((;:\) ;
tt IC' scc.,,11,s ,,iclc,1i, t1x 11(~ ,ic11l c111~ cl<~ '\'1111,vt; . Il rit (~tl11 11l11 clc
,1i111c111illis<'I' ,cs tc,1r1s > (ti 1) ; c.(' 11'cs l 1111s vc,11s (Jlti nve,; l11c.' les
1,,ritli~l(s ; t',sl ,,,11,,i ,111i les,, l11t 'S > (fi:i). (.,c 111l,l1i11 ,lis:,il 111t.,l1e
0
:1t1:< lcl,lli\t1es : \'tl1c 11(,111l,at' 11t? ser,i111 it 1ic11, ftl-il t,is g1n11cl.
, :,11,,t\ C'SI Il\'('( ,,,s (:1c>)'llllls:. ((;(i) ; (fllC clc f<lS Il(~ lis(lllS-ll(ltl~ 11:ts
1:11<ilJ,, 1iflt'Xc111 tl,111s lt' llc111,,t,111111l' : c Si l11 f:,is ,c 111t' j<? le
,li~ <! sc111i l't11111111i clc les c1111,111is cl l'it<l\l'1sr1i1c clc les 11clv<'1-
~;11i1e~ > (fi) ; Sil1c,11 111n1tl1n h 11cll1c 1c11ro11l1c, n,ec tc111l so11
Jlt'll(>lt, i1 ,11111,c: . ,,,,,11 11cl11s t~o111l,:1tt1c. Yi1l1,v 11<>l1c l)ict1 lllltls le
li,1n C'l ll()llS le 1,11lli111c~, ltti, S('S fils cl IOlll SOll J)Cllt>le > ((i8)

N,,11s il~111l ltlt1111t\s, 11<>t1s 111,,11lt111< s 11111 le cl1e111i11 (le llnsn11 ;

1
tI ()g, 11li cl,, l\lt":,1, s,,1lil i, 11<,l1t. 1C'11cc>11t1t~, nvcc l<lltl S(>ll 11~t1-
1
1lr . 1,c,,11 111,11s li,1,1 l11t:1illc it 1,:.111,. '\'111,,,,<; 111c (lil : c Ne le

c1a1i11s 1><)11t, c,11 .' l'i,i li,1 ('l1l1c les 111ni11s, l11i cl lrlttl sc>tl ll<'lt-
1,lt. cl ~;(lit 1>n~s ; 111 Je l111il1111s tc1111111c 111 11s l1,1il~ Sil1(>1i, 1oi <les
,\111c,11l1i'l'II" c111i l1:1l,il:1il i, llt"s11l,,l11 >. 1~1 \'nl,,,,t\, 11,,l1c l)ic~11, liv1rt
:111ssi r11l1r 11t1s 111:1i11s ()g, 1,,i clc ll11sn11, n,ct~ 10111 ::-<)Il 11c111>lt 1,
11c,t1s le J,11lli111c.'s j11sc111"i1 C'C' c111'it 11c l11i 1csl1il 1>lt1s 1111c.1111 clc sc.s
(f,!t) s.,,, .. \'111 . :!t) :!!t.

(f\(t) l~=<(lt', XI\', 11.
(til) lli,t .. 25.
(fi2) lli,I .. :11.
( , i:1> sc, , , ,. , 111 . r, .
((i 1) lll,I . Ill : :, t r,1111:11c1 :1\ct 11111s l111111. 11. lift, l~xc,,lr, Xl\7, 1-1.
( li 5) / l, i, I . t 7.
((iG) lli,I., 19.
((i7) l~~t,cl, XXIII. 22.
(liR) l>e111 Il, 3:!-33.

I.A r.u1~n nE M EOINOISB 1-1!)
gr11s ((i!t). 1>i,11s Arlr. <If l'l.-.l,1111. co1,1111c cln11~ la Rible, c'est
)(',
tc>11j,,111s ''nl,,, 111i 11111c les lnloillcs, qt1 i combnt avec les siens
~, lc111 <l(>t111c Jn virl,,i,c. ll11 fnil C(ll1c1et, 1el, <10111i11e lol1te lA ~1,n-
1,,~iC' 111ilil11i1(' cl'ls1nl, el ("(' r,,il <'SI rOJlp<'l n cllRC}tle i11sln11t d:lll~
Il' Jlc11l:1lc11(111c : l .. <'s (:n11n11t~c11s C<lt1stil11e11l ,,n J>ettple 1>lt1s gr1t11tl
<111c 11(>t1s ; ses l1<1111111rs S<l11I cl'11ne slnl111~ 1>lt1s leve <Jttc ln r1ltt .
. ,(. ,,,11s (lis : C Ne VOllS (f1n)'CZ J>OS et 11nyez ))El~ llClll' tl'cttX.
'':111,,f, V<>l1t Jliet1, <Jt1i 1nn1cl1c ,Jcvn11t vo11s, co1nl>nltra l11i-111t11c
1>(1111 v,,,,s, s<'l(,11 CP. c111'il n f:1il 1,<,111 v<>tls sot1s \'OS yct1x, c11 I~gy1>lc,
.,, ('IISIII,, i111 (lt\SC'1I ... (7f)). le <lisni l le 1nlJl,i11 flllX i11fi(llrs
(:()IIIIIIC
1,1< 111,,:s : 1' st1cci~s 111ilit11i1c 11 s1, 1n<.i11r. ,ln11s ln fc>i c11 Ynl1,vl\ C'l
1
l'1,l1<~i,:,111(c i, ~011 A1>l1c (71). I .. P!i iloliilt"C:i 111eCffttois <1t1i 111(111-

1:,i,11( n,,~,<'("(,11ts ''" ln t111:1vn11c c11n1g<~c ,Je 111n1tJ11,11tlise~ nl,~-
1<.'('S t11 S.)'J"i<', lnie11~, (".c1les, t>ltts no111l>1ct1x <{ttc vo11s. l\lnis Je
11,11111,rc 11t t,,1111>lc' 1l11s c111:111cl <lll n le scco1 1,..s <le Yol1,v : \'<>ltc
1:,,1111,,l' 11< ~<'1vi111 i, 1i,,,,, ftil-il l1s g1i,11<l. Yt1l1,v r~I tlVt'C le~
1:1t1~:111ls > (72) ; ,,1 le J)c11ltt1-<>11cl111c nvnil <l<~ji, (lit : <.,J11c ~i ltt
,lis l:111s tc,11 l~Cl't1r : (:c,~ 111llit>11s s,a11l (l1tts ll<lllll>t'C'llscs fll1<' 111c,i,
<"(11111,1<'111 f>c11111ni-je le~ cl1:1ss<'r '/ , 11e les c1ni11s 1>oi11t ; 111p1>cllc
:"1 1,111 ~(lllVl'III' (~(! (fllC ''nl1,v (011 l)ietl fi fnit tl Pl,n1no11 el lltllC
l'l~g)'J>I<.~ > (73). c Si vo11s ,1l,sc!r\'C'Z soig11c11scn1cnt lf>tts ers l'<1111-
111;11141t111c11ls ,,,,c je ,ot1s 1>1C's(~ris cl'ncco1111>l i1, 11i111n11l Yi,1,,v, vc,l1t'
l >i,11, 111,11<1,nnt c1:111s 1,,t1lcs :-;es vc1ics cl V<ltls 11ll1l("l1,111t i, l11i,
)'1111,,t\ t:11,1ssc1a l<>ttlcs <.~('S 11nlio11s <lr.v1111l V<>t1s cl v,>tts V<>tls 1t:'11-
,I,('-" 111:1il1,,s <le nnlic,11s Jllt1s grn11,l<'S et lllt1s J>t1issn11lrs ((tle V<ltls ..
N11I 11r IC'11cl1n <lc,,n11l ,c>11s; )'nl,,v vt,l1c Die,,, 11lon,lrn clev1,11!
,.,,,, .,, ,011111,c il ,,o,,s 1'11 (lit ln c1ni11le cl l't!IT1oi s111 lotit le JlO)'S
,,i1 ,)tls 111"111'<'7. le l>c(I i- (7,1).
Jl:111:1 lt's 1\rfr.~ cle l'ls/<1111, ln f(,1ct' ,les c-0111l,11lln11t~ Il<' 1si<le 1>:1s
,l:111:. lt' 11,>111l,1c tic gt1c11it'1s, 111,,is (la,11s l'iclnl <Jt1i les n11i,11(' ;
(r~I ,r:111,,tt'~ (fll <lli~tll 111 ft)l"("C cl c'csl I .. 11i f(II (l()llllC 1,, ,it-
l(l1c :' ('<'IIX ,111i c1c,iC'11t r11 J.,11i. (~11:111(1 il c,it Cftle le c secot11s Vl-
lt1itt1x llC \'i<'II( (fllC (IC '\':111,v > (f>), ''()IIS sc1cz vic(o1ic11x C llOl'('C
t fi!J) 1>r11I. 111, ~!-tf.

f 7 f > / /t i, I.. 1. 3tt - ~ 1.
(l) s.. , 1111, t!l.
(72) 11,;,1.
(7:ll l)C'tll., VII, 17-IR ; ,,,i, ''''~"1 il1lcl., vrrr, 17-20 : C Gn1tlc-loi lr ,li,'
t11 l_f>tl cr,,,. :. c C.'<.c;I 1:t fo1r~, rr-~I ln vi,:?11r111 rlr. 111:, rnnin (ltli 1n',111l 111rl-
111c, ct 111111,,,11 ~. S,,,1,ir11~-I '' Ynl,-.,i', 111, J>i<'tt, ,c~l 11111 ,1t1l f'n ,1,>Jltl<'
ctlt, fc,1ct', 111i l'at ll"()t ' lttt; ,.,, J)lllt\'()I ~n1cl:,11f ni11sl C'OllltllC Otl}tltlrcl'l1ll
l':1lli11,1(t' j~11{,r le 1~ ,,re~. (;c,lc~, ~i 1:, ,,,,1,lil'~ Y,,t,,,:
Ion DiC'11, ~i 111 ~,,i~
cl n,11 ,-,~ cl1<11 x, ~i 111 l(~ ~<'rs C'I I<' 111<,~l<'1ncs ,1cvnnt etax J'en tr11oigr1r
fllljf)lll "C('l11ti ("0111 l"C \'C)l~~, il \'()tlS rnt1cl1a prir >.
(7 f) llr11l., XI, 22 -2a.
(i5) Sot11. VIII, 1().

1~ ISJ. \~I All,\111~ l~N ~I.\J,(:IIE - LA (iUEllnE
111c jl' ~,,is :1,(t ,c,11s, ((,), lfllC' 1<~ 11,ficllcs sc,11l s1>n1s ,le Ynl,,,
I (C S>11 n11i,l1c (), c111c IP 11>111),1<' 11c 1,c11t nsst11c1 la vicl<li1e a11x
(1111,,111i~ cl ,~111,,l~ (8), le 1:1l>l1i11 11t' fnil (111ex1>ri111e1 lrs J)e11-
sics J>1c1fc,11(ll'S tlt! 1',\.1'. Il 11') n 11l1s(al11111~11I 1ic11 li111s les Art,.,
1 11,,,, 11c 1((1cl11:e cl1,,1~ l(s l~i,,,cs 1111ci<11s (ltt Pc11l:1lct1c1,1c. JlnJl-
l>tl,11, rC'tlll'IJl('III CJlttlrftt'l'S lrxl,s <111i ll(l l lS t111oig11<.11l (Jll,Cll ls1t1l,
'<' 11'~1 1> 1 i11t lt' r1c,111l,1c <111i clirigc le tl1(1ix <le ''n)1,, el r111i ,1,,11111!
1:, r.1,tt : Si ,:11,,,.,, s'tsl ttllntl,r n
VC)IIS cl \'(lllS n ,~1,,1isis, ce ll'tsl
1:1" 111e ,.<ltls ~'),,z lls J>lt1s 11c,111l11c11~ ,Je t,,11s les 1,c111)lt.'s. l\l11ij
<'-~I 1>111 n111c,111 1111111 , ,,,sel 1,,,111 gn1,lc1 le sr1111c11I j,11 i1 v,ls
,,c'-1r~~. ()li{' ,,tft\\"f' \'CIIIS O r11( s ,1li1 111:III r(ll"fl' l'i ('Il tlt.'(Vl'l~ tfC
1
l:1 111:,is1,11 (Il s11, il 11,IP. ,ltl )l()lt\c,i1 cl11 ('>l1n1n,,1,, J'() cl'l~l~)'l>lc. r("11
s:1111ns lc11c 'ill<' '\':11,,,,,t 1,111 Jlil'tl csl le ,11,i lli<'ll, le' l)itt1 ficllc
111i ~=tl(' ~ ,, ;1lli111tc cl ~()Il IIIIIC)III" ,,,,,,,. 111illc g,~,,,~111I()IIS i, ('('IIX
c111i l'r1i111~11I tI #~i11cltr1I ~ts cc,111111n11clr111c11ls, 111nis c111i 11111,il c11
lc111s ,, . ,,,,,cs 1<1sc,111t<'S ('i'(IX c111i le l1:1SS('lll. Il r;,il ,,.~1i1 SilllS
c11'l:1i ctl1i 111i 1< J1:1il, cl t''(Hl ,111 tl1:1ti111c11l 1>e1s,,1111cl (J11'il l11i
r:,it ~,,1,i, (!).
N'C'sl <"r 1,:,s l':1t,f11I cl,s ,\,/,.~ ,/,, /'l.~/<1111, IJllt' 11,,11s 1C'l1,ltl\'011~
,11~111,, cl:111" 1 l >,111,,1111<' : ,,,,,11-c",11, v:1s-lt1 ,li,~ l'll 1,111 rc,~111:
,, (:r!, 11:1I<)IIS se,,,, 11111<; llCllltl,1,,,1scs ((Il(' lll(), ('f)IIIIIIClll 11c,1111nis-jc
,,-~ tl<~ll<>S"i(;<lc1 '! Ne' I" ,1:1i11s ll:ts : 1:11>11cllc-lt>i cC' )li<' ,i,11,,c\ lflll
')('II :1 ri1f il f>)1:11:1i111 C'( :'1 ltJlllP )'1~!--!~'J J(f~ ; l"('S l{l'llllcl<'S t'l>l'l'll\'C'S
lfll(' lt" ~'('IIX tllll \ "11('"' ('('S sig,, . ~. ('I Cf'S ,,,.,,,lig<'~. <rll(' 111,1i11 r,,,.,.~
I c l,1:1s ,~lc11tl11 1>:11 l<~:c111,l" '\:,l,,,.t~ t,,11 l>ir11 l':, f11il sc,1li1. Ai,,si
ft1,1 ,,.1,,,.,~, 1,,,, l>i111. t<111l1t' lotts IC's ,,,1111lrs <JtlC 111 ( 1ni11s ,l'nfT1011-
0
t('1 N(' l1r1,,l,I(' .,,,.,,. ,,:,.-:; ,1,,,;1111 ('IIX, ,nr ,,., 111ilit II ri(' ltli rsl 1
,,11,,,., 1,,,1 l>i<'II. llit11 1~1:111cl ,I 1c,l,11l11l1lc' > (8(1). J\11"si l111i~l11,111s
0
111'ls1:1<;I ~~1,i1:, '\":1J1,,t le' l)l'II {l11i111l' <'I 1f,1tl-l'11!s:;{111l 1 il Sl'1:t

',
\" i t: 1Clt il' 11 X.
llt111c11x <'S--111, l") ls1ni~I 1

Q11i e~l <'<l111,,,., 1,,i, ll<'IIJ>l<' ,11i11c111r111 ?
El ,,,11,,t' <'SI 1c J,,,11c:lic1 tftti IP ~r<c,t11s
1' 1 1't' l l t; C' C 1l 11 l; 11t11 f 111 ( C 11 li 11 t' n 11 11 if l 1111111 C'.
'l't,~ <'r111c-111i" ,c,11tl1<lt1l le <"(l11n1111,1e,
l\tni'i 1,,i, 111 fc,11f<'r:1s lf'l11s lcls (RI> .
(7fi) 11,1,1 . t:!.

(77) ,,,,,, . 1:1.
( 7 Rl I li ,I . 1 1.
(79) 1>1111 ., \"11. I ft ; ,e,ir r111c;~i i/,i,I . 1X. 1-5.
(RO) lli,I., \'Il. l '.!I. ,,,i,
:111c;~i if,i,I . XX\' 111. 1:1 : c 1,1 n1111t'X<'1:1s lts
ll:llic>llS 1,,,,,,1,,r,1"('~, .
( R1) / l, i, I.. XXX111, 2!l.
LA GUEnnE MDINOISB 151
l,11 J11e11t:1lil clt' l'nttle111 <les Arlr., ,le l'l.~ln111, ('Sf (le lotis (lOi1,ls
sc111l>l:,l,lt' i, ln 111c11lnlil clc l'n11te111 <lt1 l">cntolc11qt1e. J.. n cor11p.,-
11ls(111 clc's cfc11x <ltt,,rnges 11c>11s n1>fl(l1le ln 1>rc11,,c i11di~c11tnl>le cl
i11,,r11l:,l,lt' tftre l's111l~t11 ,1~s ,\rlr.~ lnil lottl i111111~g11 <le ln r<'li-
gio11 ,Il' l\lc1ise. Et <~(,111111r11t 1>c,1111ic,11s-no11s co1111>1<'11cl1e celle 1<>1:,1('
i1111,1,~g,1:,lio11 Jln)'l1,>logic1t1c cl 1cligie11sc, si l'nt1fctt1" cles Acles
11'esl )lits 111, .J11if, Jc,,,f, 110111,i tln11s ln 1eligion l1l>1nc1t1c ? N'{\sl-
il ,,,,s ,, l:1 fc>is 1>l11s sr1,,n11l (l 1>111s si1111>lc <le co11cl111(~ o ln rtlnrtin11
les ,t,t,s 1>n1 1111 .l11if 1,l11t{,I <Jt1e cl'i111agincr 1111 ~l<ll1n1,1111e(I, 1111
,\11,l,C' i11t'11ltc, illC'll1 el ig,1n1e, <lcve11n11t s11l>ilc111e11t et co111111c
1,:,1 1111 ,0111) cl<' l,ngt1C'II<' 111111{i,111c, clc,cl<'tll" s-scit'11ccs l,il,li,111rs ?
<:rttr cl<111if'1c cc,11rl11sicl11 11(>11s n1>pn1nit (le 1>111s e11 1>l11s l(>lnlc-
111f't1I !l'~C'llsre. s,,~'('Z fc)t"IS cl 1e1111>1is tlc co111nuc ; n'nyr7. 11i
c1:1i111c II r1:1\'('lll" IC\'lll)( (V(lS ('llllC'lllS) (."f\1" c'C'sl Ynll\VP, 1011 l)iC'tl,
r111i 111:11tl1r tl~'C'C loi ; il 11e le cJt.',ti,iss<'t"tl 1>t1i11t cl 11<' l'11]Jn11(101111rt:1
,,,,i1,1 :t>. (:'f'sl le l)C'11lp1c,11c>111r (82) 1111i fait celle 1ncxio11. f..,c 111l,-
l1i11 ,,,, 1:1is<l1111nil 1>ns n11l1c111c11l.
(:c1lcs, ''111,,,,(~ V()IIS i, it 1111(11. nlc)l"S ffllC \'()\I', l ('7.

S('C(t11l'l1S
1)<'11 11,,1,,l,1<'11x {8;J) -- (~111igt1rz ''1,t,,,, I lle11l-t1c se1ez-votts 1er<,11-
11:1iss:111ls ? llnJ)l)C'llc-t,,i c1t11111<I 111 <lis1,is n11x C1oyn11ls : c N<' vo11s
s11fll-il 11:1s <ltll' vc,t1c Seig11P111 ''(ltts <l(,11ne r11 1r11fc,tl 3.00() clc
~,s A111!<'S, clrs<e11clt1s \'C'l"S Vfltls ? 1\11,is <lll, si vo11s les C"o11stn11ls f\l
l>('tlx ri si lt'S c1111c111is 111n1<.l1c11l clc 11011ven11 vcts Vf>lls, vol1r SPi--
.!tl'111 \'()li~ ,1t>llllCt11 CIi 1(~11rc,1l fi.0()() clc ~cs llllge~ l,t11cfs 1,111 I .. 11i.
'\'11l1,,,~ lie rit l~cl11 (Ill(' -~()lllll)C l)()IIIIC l\()\IV('llc 110111 vo11s,_s,ri11 (ftlC'
11:11 <'tl:1, se l1i111(Jt1illis11ssc11I ,,c,s c11rs (8 1). Le scco111s vi<l01ic1,~
1
Il(' \'('III 111c! cle Ynl1,vc.i. 1C' (>11is~n11l, le s,,gc (Il fAit celn) nri,1 CfllC
\'(lll~ l:1i))t'~ l'II t>rcs ('('llX (ftl sr111l i11ri,lc'Jc~, Jl<ltl1 C(llC V<>tlS lts
t11ll)t1li< 7. (8:,) t'l fJ11'ils s'<'tl 1clc>t1111c11t tl\t1s > (80).
1
(82l J><'tll., XXXI, 5-6.

(R:I) ,\ ~c,111. \'Ill, 2R : C nnpprlr1.-,o,,~ <111n11cl ,otl~ itir1.
C"flllllllll'('I. Il\'('~
,,,. ,. :1l,:1is~fs ~t11 111 lC'trc ,. . (:(' lrxlr 1101,~ rnit llct,~l'I' <\ Ot11I. \'Il. r, R.
(:i Il A ('fllt1pn1r, fi ~()Ill. ,,1,r.
10 : ''ni,,,.~
Il(' le flt ')Il<' ro1111,1(' llC)Ofl('Ci
1,c,11,pfls ll<tt1t votts, nfl11 c111c 11n1 rrln ~r l1n11q11illi~n~~c11l ,o~ rc~111s. l.r
st'ot11c; ,i,lc,rir11x n(' ,it111 rrt1c <le Yal,wi. Y:111,,~ est Je To11t-P11is~n11t, Ir
S:1g ~- f\'c,ir 1>lt1s l,as 1,. fiO, r,t <'l l~xoclc XIV, J-t ).
(Rf1\ /\ 11111):11,,,. h s. VI 11, 7 : c Ynl,,\ votilnlt . exlr1111inr1 j11c;c111'n11
clc111i11 clcs lnfl1llc~ >.
(Rfi) Sn11r. 111, 119-122. J,." ,nJ,hin njo11lr pot1r mni11lcnir 1'lol1n111111r,I
f 1;1 '' '\ I' 1l 11111 i Ii ' l' : C 1. l 1 11 ':' ~ l l l ' 11 (.' 1) :11. l n ,.()I' (' r (' (1j V i n : 0 l l 1) i e n 1(' s~ i
~111111 r1,it111l111 111 S:, 1igl1(111 111,<1s ,tt,t, r)II l,ic- 1, Il les t(,t1r111rnltrn ,,nr,,
11'il~ 0111 t'li~ i11j11~l,s. A ,,,,t,,,,(', r, c111i r~I tl:111~ Ir~ lir11,c <'I ~,,r ln l<'l'tf'. Il
11111,l,,11111 i, r111i 11 vc11t tI 11 1,1111111tt1I<' CJtti Il ,,r,11 1 YnJ,,,r. ~c;l nl,~,,l1tlr111
I 111isi1i,,111lic11x > (ll>icl. 12~-124). Il no11, rn,11 1n1>1,eler ici c111e ~I Jc;r:,iI :1
fi J111isi lltlt f)i( ll, il Il(' cloit l>R~ celle )cclion n SeS lnrilcs. lllfli!i 0
1
l'1111,1t11 cle Ditt1, J)c11l Vil, 7-11.

-.,
l 1 1,1 ,r \IC\fJJ: l.'. 'f\ll( .IIE - L.\ Cil"EflJlf:
(cc; ,ri~- fc; _I l!l-1:12 clr ln ..;,,111nre Ill 111rif<'r1I ,lt' ll(lf1c 1141,t
,,,,,.,,,,,r 1,flr,,,,11 flC'lllll fjlltll), r,,111 (l';1l,01,I l1t'-s SIIC:'l'lll-
f ;11c11f 'lc J>c1111 1~, ( :, ,,.,nr11,. il 11e 1>c11t ~ n,,lir q,11111 C'lllll'l11i : lt':i
,,, . , .,,) n1if =, <r,l-:1-,Ji,, le~ i11fi,lrlrs, les j(f(>Jiit1es, lrs 1t'tlt~-
t::t!:, <11 11,1 111cl_l 1,111~ c< 11x 111i 11ns ,l&I 11<' 1ct'tlll
11,' rr(o11 11:1issr11r
,,:,1-~c11I 1'''" , :111\\ ,. : le C1nlet11 ,111 cit~I et ,Je ln 1<'11-(', le l)ic11
clr Ntc" ((;c11!'sc, ,1. J 1 : IX, !l-l ; le l)ic'tl <le Sc111 ((ir11., (X, 2(,, le
l>itt1 IP f\lel<:l1is<~(1c<l1 ((;c11-. XI\,., lG, 22) ; Je Dictt <l'1\l>1nl1n111 ((~c11,
\ \., 1 ; XXI f. J2 ; XX\' J. 2 1 ; XX\ '111, 1:J ; XXX1, !i:l ; XXXII, 11
cI ... tlt ... ) ; le l)ic11 (l~ls1nl, ((~c-11. XXXIII) ; <l'lsnn<. ((1c11 . XI . . V, 2);
clt .fc>s('llll ((;r,,. Xl . 11, IR) ; (1<~ ~l<>se, cc,11111,c lct11 ))iC'II lJ11itJ11e.
,:111,,,~, l'11i,111,, f>i,,11 (f~x,ll<, XXII, 1!) ; XXIII, 13, 21) et Jlictt
,11 :1:,t;I. ,si llll l>i,11 .i:1l,,11x (l~Xflcle XXXI\', 1-1) <111i IIC J>('1111(~1 n
:11111111 1lt SC's fils clt st 11c,l<'111c1 clc,1,1,t 11'i1111l<l1lc <tttrl <lic,1. C.el
111"<ig11,111c11I, le 1:1l1l,i11 :1ttl't11 clcs ,t,f~. ,Ir. /'l.c.l,1111 n 1111 le 1er11eil-
li1 i, tl11,,111r 1>:1g,,, 1<t1l-t>11 <li1t', <111 l1 <'tllt1 l <'t1<111c el <les ~111(1,,s liv1P.s
~;1111t': (,,,i1 1>111 ,x, .. 1,11ll(, ('1111,, 111ill' 1111l 1t's lcxlcs ((~c11 . XXX\'~ 2:
()117. Ir:-; ,li111x c"l1;1111~r1~, 1,,11i(ie'7.-'\.'0tts cl tl11111gr~ V()S vlc-
111111~ ~ ; ls1.,i=1 <'':I 11111 fil~, 1,1c111ir1-11 (Ex,,clc ) \', 22l. <Jt1'il 111c
1111cl1 1111 <t11fc, (l~'<(l(lt' I\', 2:l ; \'Il, l(i ; \ 7 111, lfj ; IX, 1, 1:1 : X,
~;. -:-. ~, 11. 21 ; ~ 1f. :,1. f'I< .... ) ; 11<>f 1c J) i ~11 <si Slllls 1i,,,l) (l~xoclc,
,,,, r, G); il ,011s ec:;I .,,,re11cl11 ,le (ll' ()fl(JJlce, Jllllll' le llf)l)I ,1n11l1t S 1
J= 1 1"X ,, .. ,<>clr. ~XIIJ. 1:; ; f'r11l . 1,. :11;_3f}; \'1, 11 s,,.) <~I clc Ir 1>1,1s-
l1 fl!'I" lt,n11I Ir~ li<tt~ cl<;, J>tlC'lls ()~xoIC', XXIII, 21 ; XXXI\', l 1 ;
J .~,-il . X\'111, J. !l; f>r,,t., \'Ill, I!)-~(>; XIII, ,1, 7; XI\~. 1 ; XI. l;
\~\'Il, 15; xx,1r, 11 ; XXX, 1:-i ; XXX II, 15, :lR-:J!>. ri<~ ... cl< ...);
, ,,11s l,1,1l<1rz 111t~111r l,s i111:1grs s<t1l1,lc~cs clc l<'t11s cliPttx (fle11I. ''II,
1). (:'<'~,( 111,ai s<'111, ,i,1,,,.(', f(lli l1nl,ilc1:,i i111 111ilil'tl les <'1fi,11ls
i1r,;1:1<;1 I r111i :,11:1i lr111 )lir11 (l~xc,<1<.', XXIX, l(i ; l .. ,il., XIX, -1 ; .
', ,\'I, 11) l, 111 lli, 11 t l11ic111,, (l)r11I. XXXII . 12, <'I< .. ). f.,('S sf>(~<i11lislcs
~ :' \.(' 11 I ' ai(' 11 (1l 1r ; (' ~; t t i s ()111i i~ (\ C1(' 111 (' l i111 i 1(' ,.. C1:' l l s 1:' (. i 1:l l i ('1 l (' C
tc's l<':Xl<'s 111:11i11ific111,!'=. llc (ts 1a,1>J)ls, on 11c11l ~;111111<>11s ti1c~1
,lt11x (c,11,111sicl11s 1,1i11ti1,:1lcs C(ll<' les <.c,1n11isn11ts cl1!v111ic11l nv,1i1
l11ic,111s 1>1t~S'11lrs :', l''s1,1il : ,~'t'sl ffttc le 111<>11,1ll1t~is111c cl'ls1nl
si 1111 lllfllll>lll(;Sllll' 1igc,111('IIX, i11l1:111si1~('1llll : ('( ((11(! 111 f.tJlllllltl-
1, :1111(' cl'ls1,,<'I, - - IC's 1~1:1c.'lile~. (cl111111c le sc1c,11l 1,l11s l111cl les
r1111s11l111i111i~f~ 111:1J,,,s. ~,1111 clt'sig11P~. cl:111s le (ll'lllt1le11(1t1e 11,~11,c,
" l ) ' 1s 1t \ 11 ( a111 ( ' (' (: ', '1 J , 1' , , I , ( ' ' ' , <' ( l ~ X( l 1(' , X XX ', ' t '1 2 0 ; ' ~ " \' i 1.' 1\'" 12 :
\'Ill. :l-1; IX.=>; X. (i-l: X\'I, ri. 18, :l 1 : XIX, 1 ; Nc,1111)1,,s, 1, 2. 10,
li.:,:\; Ill,(; : I'' :l 1 : ''Ill. 2tl : X, 2 ; XX. 1, 2, R, cl( ... ) -- csl. ,t,,it
cI Ill' ,,r11t l1C' ,,,,,,,,(' ~O("t;l (1t<lClnli<Jl1C, ,~gic 1,01 ln J.,) <1C
,:,11,,(~. l\>ll1c;is111c <'l ll1t~<l('t11li,,, S(llll Jes clC'tlX <i11a1clc.~1islic111es
I<~ 1lt1s f>ll<la1111r11111l<"s (lt1 ,,e,111lc' l'Is1n'I. s'tI 1>rt11,lc s~ll{r ~l
:1,ist; ())r11I. I\', ti) ,,:11<C' c111(' "r11I il n <'IIIP11,l11 ln VflX ,le ,,,,1,,v
(lllt1I. 1\', 3;-l). <J,1r,11cl lt'S l'c>1:111is:11lls vie1111e11l 11011s }ln1)e1 ile ln
1 \ t, 1 t 1\,, ,.;
1

~ l t.' 111 ~ \ l 1~ 1,
lc,11,,1,ri, 1 11 ll1,~,,,,.11i,111,, tlt' l1!'il,1111 t'I 1111 1i~,1111,t1~ 111t,11tIJ,,tis1,1,'

lt1~111tlllt'. if~ tlltl 111s,,11, 111:I~ :'1 t"tllltlItlll tf',1j11tllt'I" t'II ftllllt' 11,,1,.
llc.~lt ' lt~ li lit' l"l~fitlll 111:111,, 1111 atllStllllll\'111 tt'II ll\'t'llll\ tltt11S ,.,,
cf,,111:1i1tc.' ,1 t(llt' s,111 S)$lt'111,, tl1,~c,t1i1li,111t' t'I s,,11 1111111t1ll1,'i~1,,,, 1,,,
~()Ill tflll' 1lt'S l'tlllC's clt111t 1,11igi1111I 111111111li t'11I t'II l'l"tllll't' l\ ls111,I.
<:t'sl cli111s ttllt' 11111lai,111c.t' ~(1ic:l,11tt'lll l,il1lic111,, 1111l lltltls f11t1l lia,,
<c,11sl:1111111,,11I, 1>c,111 lc's ."<>1111>1c-11c1re, Jes i-l<l<s ,/~ 11s/,1111. (:t,111111,,
1
il ll ('XSlt. <111'1111 J)it. 11, \'1111,,l\, cl (JllC (."(' llil'II {J11iq,1(~ n 1,1is ,~1il~,-
1
l,lt11ll'lll le ('()llll)]OIJCl('lllClll tic S()Jl l>CllJ>le, Oil COlll()l'Cll(I <JllC lt1gi-

((ll('llll'lll '\"nl1,v ~oil 11111C'11 il clc~ln1c1 c111c loltl J101111>1e (flti ntlo,c
,1,,,,111<'~ lli'11x (Jlte J..,11i, SC'111 ,c,tt l'a1lnlJ1111c (l~xocle XXII, ltf);
,111'il s~111 <)IT11<~e clc s<>ll J...,i,,1c (l~xc>(le, XXXII, 33). Pnrce q11'il est
t l11i,111<'" Y11l,,,, 11<. 11ct1l C'xig<'r' (le ln J>nrl <le ses fils qtte l'i11l1an-
si1{<'1111,t' 1<'li~it 11sc : Si l<>11 f11c, fils <le l(>Jl 1>1c <>tt Ols (le ln
1
111<'1e, 1,,11 llls, ln fille, l'Jlf>ttse c111i 1c1>osc s11r l<)n sei11 ot1 le co111-
1>11g111t11 (III ,,:11l111{t' 111 Vt'. c.J,c,,cl1e cln11s le S('('l'el le s<ltti1e, Cil
cli:-;;1111 : 1\llf,11s sr1vi1 (l'1111l1<'s clict1x >, cle ccttx <fttc tes 1>~tt':-1 11i
lc,i 11'11,'<'7. <<a111111s, ll:11111i les <lie11x <lc:i J>etttlles t>tocl1cs Olt loi11-
l11i11s ,111i ,.,,,1s c11l<)111c'11I, <l,1111 1><111 cl11 lll(>lt(le tl l'nt1l1c, ltt 11c Cf111-
s<11li1a1s l>l!i i1 sn 1,n1f1lc, (11 11c l,,:l>ttle1ns J>ns, Ion (Pil setn sn11s
1>ilic~. f 11 11<' ,,<.'1>n1g11c111~ 1,1,s cl 111 11e cr1cl1e1ns t>ns sn fo11lc .. 011i, 111
,1,,,,:1s 1< l11c.'1, l:1 111r1i11 sP111 1,, 1>1c111ip1c Cfl11l1c l11i 1>ot1r le 111clt1c
i1 ,11,11t. rI l:1 111ni11 rit 1,,111 le 1,e111>le co11ti11 t1c1n l'cxc11tio11. 'J'11 le
l:111i(lr1:i,. j11~rr11'n ('C <111c 111<,11 s'c11stri,e : car jJ a cl1ercJ1 l',g;1-
1c,1 t,,i,, cl ',:,l1,\' 1<>11 l>ic'll, c111i 1'11 fait so1ti1 <ltt J>ll)'S d'Eg}1>1r,
111r1i~,,11 (Il' ~c1,,i111,lc ! 'J"<lltl ls111l c11 l'u1>1>1e11a11t se10 snisi ,le
,1:1i11I\ cl l'<'~S<'1:1 le J>t11li<1t1C'1 Cl~ 111nl n11 111ilic11 <le l() > (l)c11t .
XIII, 7-l'J); , .. a,J,,,,(t 11111ttl1E.'1n lcvn11l v,,,,s,
c <1111111e 1111 f<'tt (lvo11111l
(1><111., IX, :i) ; c'est Yr1l1,v l11i-111~111(~ <ftli 11111c ln g11e11e C<ll1(1c
.\111:1lc,1 (l:xc,,lc, X\'11, l(i), C'I<"., cl<' ... 'l'<1t1lc! gt1c11e ,,n lsr1,l est
11<(ts~:,i1t'111.11I 1111c ~11e11c s11i11tc cl le 1nl>l,i11 essnic1r, - s1111~ ~,
1i11":i1 -- <l'i11<11l1t1('1 n11x A111l,cs celle 11111, t c 11olio11. ()11 n<' se l>ttl
jn111;1is <'(lltl1c ses f11cs (11(1l<>11s ici <111c l'l,isl<)l"C <le l'Isln111 n,nl,c
t'sl 1t1111,lic (le l-{t1c11<':i tl clc 111t 111t1cs f1nl1ici<lcs), 111nis co11l1t' Jrs
1
l'1111,111is tic Y,,1,,,,t, cl '':111,,,, c'n vc1t11 111~111c <le ses 1,1011,e~srs. 11c
r'ltl (fll(' ,l,l1111e1 lt, ,i<l(l1(' i, sc!i c11f1111ls. f .,es Acte.~ tlt l't.~1,,,,,
r,,111111illc11l (le ces c<lnsi(lt;tnlio11s c111e 11011!-I co11nnisso11s (1jn 1>u1 Je
l><,11l:1lct1<111t', l'll 1>01lil"t1lie1 ,,,,r le Deul1,l110111c, vr>i1 XXXI, 5-(i,
'llll' 114111s ,,,,,1,1s 111c11I<l1111~ 1>111!-I l10111, J>. 160. J..,n 111issio11 <l'Is,ni;I
<'si tlrxlc1111i11<'1 l'i11fi,llc, (l><'tll., XIII, 7-12) . [..,n vicloi1e, cc,1n111e le
<li1a1 11l11s 1111-cl le 111l>li11 nt1x i<lcl)i\l1es, s0111. ''III. 19. vo11s li, tenez
1111(' ,cls 111r1i11s. li v<>t1s R11rn1 1>0111 lre viclo1ie11x d'ol>se1ver le~
('(lllll11111\(l(~llle11ls fie l)ictl, (s()lll". \'Ill, 1!), h C()ITI))8le1 n Dcttl. VIII,
1~). Si ''<111s ,1l,~issc,: n 111<'s lois, lottl s'n1>lonira rlcvo11t votts. (:c
11'r~;I lltls le 1101111,,c <ttti <l(lt111c l,1 victoi1c, niais ln foi en Yol1,v,
1:'t I ,. ' ISf .. \:\I Art,\111~ l~N ~11\ltt:111~ - I ..A GIJEnltE

;,,,, l ~,1i(111r tI 1,,,,1 ..J,11i~~1111I : (:i11(1 (l'C'11lrc ,,,11s (11 1>0111stti-

rrc111l rt'fll, <r11I <'Il )lfJlll""'I\'l"(ttll ,lix lltillc cl \'OS e1111e111is 8IICCOIII
_1
11
11,1ll l,111,1 ,c,11r ,~1,c;r :, (l .. f\. XX\1 I, 8). (Jtt~ lc111s n<lve1~11i ..
1" 11c s'~, 11,,1111 1 111 Jlns. {Jt1'ils llC' clisP11I 1,:1s : c N<>lr<~ 1,11issn11ce
~1111>,ltlr ri ,,t11,,c~ 11~ rsl pcl111 1ic11 >. (:at1 c'est 111,c 11nli<111 uttx
1
11,s tc,111lcs, ,,,i,,,c (),, 1,r1s11i(nrit,~. S'ils t:tnic11l sngc's, <!<'ries ils
=~ 111ti1nic>11I, il~ sn1111i<11I (Islr111(1 1(111 i1,<111i1. <:<,111111e11l ,lc>11c~ 1111
11 l1c,111111e, r11 111cl-il 11itlc c11 f11ile <'f Cf>111rnc'1tl clc11x C'll Jl<>ltr-
li,,111-ils cli~ 111ill,. ~i11,l11 1,:11tc ,,,,~ let11 Tior.l1c1 les,, ''t'llfl11s el
1111c \'1111,, ls n li,1tc:; '! (J)r11t. :XXXII, 27-:l()). ''nl1,\<', clil ,111ssi
,, ,, 1:1l,l1i11 ,,11~ 11111~11l111:111istts 111c\cli1is, C'llV<>c 111,x (:1'fl)':111ls lt?

1fc,11 ,le Srs n11g<\s.
Il <'SI ff11<'~1ic111 cl:11s 1:, 'lf)t11:1I<."' 111 . 12(), .,,,,, l'('llrc,1( rie\ :l.fl(l()
:11,grs; a111 ,.,,,s1I s11i,:111I rie fi.()()(). J):111s l.1 ~,ft1111IC' \ 1 111, !t, IC' 11c,111-
r rf< S llllf~f'S ('ll\'Cl_\1's ,111 SC'l'(llll"S cft'S ll l llStlllll:lllss C'S( lC~clt1( 0
1
l(t(l. lla111lc~]P7.-,1111" 111:111cl \'<>ts c1r.111n11,lic?. sf'tc1111s ,, ,,c,11c

,, i1:11r111 <'l 1111"1I ,1t11s r'.'::1lt\:1 c1 cli'i:1111 : .ff' ,r1i~ ,,,,,,~, cl,11111C'I"
11 1<'11fc,,1 1.f)ftf) :111:!''", :1,< tc11111>ng11,111~ f ' ll (1<>111><' >. l~,,iclc"llllt<'11I,
. c1,111111(1,l:11<'111i :11:,l,,s, ("Clllltll" il f:111 ,,it ll()llS ,, :1ll( llcl1( \'()IIS 1 1,
1 l11is<"11( ces cltiff,~s ,,,, f1"'1111c c)c, 1~:,lil<~ 111nll1i. 11i11lic111t; ils ,,c,11l
1
t' l)I(' jt1 ;flll :l llll1il>1111 i1 1\Jc,lt:lllllllf'fl Je J)()ll\'()I <fC rJll'C clt S("C'11-
1 1
1
lt!' ,lrs :11lgrs cl11 c:i('l 1,,,111 sr,1tl(')11ir s<s ,cl1111,nfs. T<" 1rz?.cl11 tic
l1 lc,1111>1< 1:1 clc,11t 11:11111i lrs 111i1i,IC's ,Ir J\tc,l1:l111111,,,I, ,,,,,, (;1tt-
1
_1c,~-Jlc1,1c,111l,.,11rs 11111111t'1<"' 1,t,, 1111c c1,1111>l:isn11lc c1<;cl11lilt\ :

f ;1 1,.n ,1i Iic, ,, , n , 1, , 11 c =t 11 1 i 1, " 1 =1 1\ 1c, 11, , 111111 C" , 1 <1C' s 1, c111 , (l i ,.s 111 n !!i..

.r s, , 11' i I cIc, i I i, 1,
7 ri, , n,
<, ,, c1,\ 11., 11 (' 1 1, c, , 1 1, , 11 s i, 1, i ,, 1(.' , 1((' 1,,s
.IIIIS.
J .f' (:c11n11, '~cr11ti,11111,\llc111r11I. (ill' 111, 1<111, l."<."'lt1i cl'J\l1ri-l.-11l1:1l1,
1 ,;I 111 l 1c,1,l1iI,,, ,111i I" 111:111<lil.
1
1 Il l\sl 1,r111i'i cl" <il, . 1 iti 'fttel111<'s ('XC"1111,l<"'s <lt~ 11i1:1,lt's 11<l<t111-
-
i 1,i,1 le fl1011lt<'IC' :
l.(s .J,1irs 1r ~li,liat(' ~( S(llll ,,,11((.'S cl',1V()I' .irl(.' 1111 S()l'I :,,,~
111ig1,~s (111i 110111,1111 11,,i11l cl',11f:111ls : <"C' llC'll<ln11t 11:1il 1\l,tli1llnl1 1,.
,,,,1, ri l\l,1l1n1111ecl Jl1c,t~~<' l't11r:111I ,,,, l 11i f1f1ll1111l le 1>:1lnis nv<'c~
cl11fl(' (ftt'il \'l'llf I<' 11t:cl1,1. {T11 1111l('tl1 111:1111<'11~11111 :,rn . n
0
. a, '\(."'S Oll(~(,l1rs J)Cl~~\ cl:1("'lll C'(lflllll{~ )11 flC's rnt"tlll~s cft' 1-(llt~l'SS'tll"R
'\ 111ngiric1s (~). l\lnis t.,
s<'t1J,, f<1111l1J, .. cr11'il 1)1,,11 ! >llt"<' c~I le
,,ri//,,/,, n11 tl(tlll cl',\11,,11 >, ('( J,,s l1c,is <'>t11lcs sc,111r1lc~, l, 1t:i,
(RR). -- l . . C'~ n11,iP11s 111nl,cs 11ll1ila1111ic1ll l('S \1>iclP111i<"s el lrs
~,lncfie~ 11,I\ltlC'l)('S OIi~ r1111l:1s<'S clcs <ljllll~: lltll' fn r11VClJI
. \1111)1
.., Je i>1.(>l>)1rfc rsl (Clll(-JlllSSl\11( Jlf)lll ("ftlltl,n(ltc 1'i11ntlC'IICC Je
0
(87\ l)rj~il,iz. ~l:ll1:1,i11, lftR ~

' 8R) l 1. 6 i : 38, 11 : 111, S, 3f, (i ; 1X, I. 1:! a ; Xf 1, .1, 32 8.

I. GUERnB P.fEDINOISE 155

ces clji1111s ; 111 c10)'1111ce llllllllnire cstin1c qt1e ses interventions

rc,1111('111 1111(' l1n11cl1t' cle lo scie11cc, ln 111(lecine pro11l1tique, por
nll<>11c.l1C'111C'nl il rc111el 1111 il n QnlA(l11 (80). Par ttn souffle l1t1m1lc.
,,,,f,r/1,r, il gt1t~1il ln l,lrsst1re clc Snli1ne.
<:'est s1111s cl(>ttle t111 llclil 111i111rlc <(tte celui <le lo l)toncl1e (le
1,nl111ic1 (flti le11(I les f1uils n l'inc1<lt1le (90). Mais e11 voici (le
g1c111,ls : ccl11i clc la lt111e f e11,l11e en de11x nccept par la tradition
(>1tl1(>fl(>Xe, J,ie11 r111'il 1e1>osc s111 11nc fottsse inler1>rlolion <lu ve1-
scl 5,1-1; <~t'l11i 1llt cot1cl1(,.r <le! S<>lt~il 1eto1,l po111 facilite1 la re11--
<"l>11l1e cl'111,r <111n,n11c ,1011(, i, scltl 1eto111 (le J111snle111 el dlt ciel,
il 11,11il n1111<)ll(~ ln ve1111c : il .,l,ti11t e11c<>1e <l'All11l1 le 111111e 1cti11cl
,,c11cl:111l 111 gt1c11c <111 J'<>ss, 1111 scli1 oit il lnit 11ccssai1c po,11 qt1c
lt'!i ("l"(t~'llllls ()IISS('lll fni1c l:1 1>1i1e <Ill 'arr (91).
/\ l\;1(11, le J>,.,lJllaflc n li111c n,1x Qt1111cl1ites ttne 1>oig11e ,le'
si,lllc ~11 1>1"(>11,111<:11111 111,c 111nl(liction, q11i n fnit <lescc11<l1e l'n11nt!
tl(s 21111-!('S. Il r, a1ssc'l11l>I<~ clc's fc1111111lcs c11 1111e cr~1nonie clilc
,,,,,,,;1 (!)~).,,:,lit l~~('ll(IC 1'11 III~~ n l'c,1igi11e ,111 cl1f,ti111enl <les gc11s
cl',\J.(il1,,1, ,111i l11i 11ff1i1c11l 1111 jclt11 l'l1os1>itolil, l11i cl ses cc)111-
1,:1g11,111s .. <'11 l11i sc1vn11l 111 ,l1ni1 ,1'1111 c)1ie11. Ave,li t>nr ln J>rOl<'slo-
l(lll c1,111r r,~1,1111t', l\i'lol11l111111('(l lf>lt<"l1e <le son l>nl(>n le plat, tlit l<'s
111(,ts 1,,,,/1 ,,!,,la Jln1 flll(> J',,11 cl1ns~e 11n cl1ie11, el cel11i-ci l><ln(lit
i11l:1tI l'i s'(11f11il. J..,11 fc111111<' esl snt1vi'e <lt1 <lsosl1e.
Il 1,,,,,1, 1cl111 ln g1i,11clc' joie ,le g('11s cl<lnt ln vie 111olrielle rst
11,cl<', 11111lli1,lic,, le~ l"<'l>tl~, <c c111i nnl111e]le111c11l vo<Jlle (l('S S(lll-
,.<'11i1:; <l1tt~1ic11s. f .,t's 1\[i~(li11(tis t1ct1s<'t1l lt l-'<1ss c111i vn n11'trr lt'S
ll:1r1cl's cl'Al>t S11fy:111; ils c,,g11c11t c11 vni11 clc let11s Jlirs s11r le l"Ot" ;
l\lt,l1:,11111tt'cl ~, 111cl le ~ir11 rl Ir 1<lC s'erT1ilC' <'tl snl>lc. l\fnis Djl>it n
,.,, 1111<' ,~ Jl1cl1,l1,',1e <'sl ~i nff11111 qt1it S()11e so11 ve11t1c nvec 1111c
J><'l'l'f'. Il ,:1 (1c111,'<'I" Sil rC'111111e, ffll t>trt>Are 1111 reflOS n\'CC lin llClit
,J,c,,,<':111 C'l (le 111 fn1i11e cl',>1gc' . cl il vi{'nl i11,ilcr le Pr<>t>11le oinsi
,,,,c, ,J,,,,x (lit 1,,>is l10111111<'s. (:clt1i-ci s'C'n<111ictl cl11 1epns Jlr~1,nr,
l"('l"()llllllllll()C' cl<' IIC flflS l <'li1r1 cl,1 f<'tl la 1nn11nile AVOlll SOll n11i-
0
\'tt<'. Il 1l1,,t,,,,, ((>lis lrs l1n,nill<'t11~. Il c1ncl1c rin11s ln 111n1111itc (ltli

s 1(.,,;,1<' i1,t~1>t1isnl>lc h 111s~nsi<'1 lcl11s les co11vives (03).
I.,<' l1 1>1,11,'-lc 1r1t(l 11l)(>llcl~111lc~ l'C'lltl cl'1111 pt1ils Jlrcsc111c clrsscl1c
C'II S<' t!a1,,~111is,,11t 0\'PC ses (lt 11,ir1cs uo11ttrs (0-1): Il p1oc,11e l'nl><>ll-
1
tlillllc n 1'l(~(li11e c11 1>1c>11111~1111t la f<1111t1lc lie l,11cliclio11 st11 tics
{R!t) VII. R~ ; 1.. xv11r. 102 : ~1nI, (i ,, I, t .1, 30.

( !) , ) ,, 11, 19 ; X, 9. 1 11 f,.
( !) ' ) Il. 57, R. (l ri 67, 58 : 111, 1, 1t O.
(!)2) 11,. fi. r,ar.. .
( !) :l l Il. r.t, R tI 7(l : Ill. R, 212 s,1 : VII. 40 1., VI 1, 408.
( !) 1) IX, t, 117 sq ; 2, 184 s,1 ; VII, 46.

'.-.,; 1
f., ISl ..\~I Alt,\111~ 1:N ~IAltf:111:: - LA GIJl~l\llE
1
1'\ 111 '' s 11' ~ 1: 1 i 1, !-; ( ~ t., ) . ( : , , 11111 c 1' 1(, se, i I n I J>1u l c.~ ~ 1, :, 1 ,\ 11 ;, 1,
11,11(1 ( Jts ('IIIJ,c!,()IIIIC'lll'S (!)(i). >
('C:1,,, .,,, 111,1111:t \'('II1 \'(lllS (li1c 'llll~ ]es COl11111('111:1ltt11s
.\ ,, . (.'S
:1 :11,rs S(>Jtl ~l'tic11x ('I J<' !('~ (lc.ti,l<11lnt1x :,0111 ,lc.'s c~1111lils le ti-
1(II( 1111sli1c. (J11a,11l i, lllC>, 111(111 (lJJ11io1, ('SI IJCll r:,il1~ : ll()IIS S()lll-
1111:; l1:,i11t~s i1,c,~ ('cs :1111l,is:111ls l;111s le cl<,111~i11e (le l'i11c1>lie tI clc
1
1:1l,~,,11clt et <! l'!il 1>11111 sc>tlit ,te les sc,lliscs ~<~<11l:1i1cs <111<~ je ,~,>11-
1. t t l 1
1
C' 1f >l 1S l l l CS C' ff (l 1 lS f f n Il S 111 l (' 1C ~ l l 11 C S i 111 1J) C Jl I C Il l 11 <J1111 :1It' ( 1(' S
. 1,I t _._ , l t! I' l .~ 1ct111.
Nc,11s rl11,lic,11s ()()111" l11slllll l:t l'('ll(:()lllt(~ cl,~ Jl11(l1, c111i C(lllsli-
111, 1.,
1,1c111i~1c ,i<l,air(" ,les 11111s11l111i111i~<~s ,Il~ l\lcli11<'.
Si l',a11 tc,1111,01, l<'S ,p1s<ls l l!)-122 (le' l:1 sc111111lt' (Il
I l<s ,c1srls 7-11) <If l:1 s,1111;11,, \'Ill, ,111e 111111~ :1v<>11s t'('f>1,,-
cl11ils ,,1,,s 11:1111 flll f)()lt1111 ("(llll'lltl"(' S,11\S J>C'IIC ((li(' ('('~
1
111~ 1itils !'il' 1:11111c,rl,11l :111 111r11t<' ,~,-i,11c111cr1l. (.,c 1til Ill, l l!)-122
c,I 11tc1i11s tir,,111"1:,11,ic 111r le' 1t~(it \'Ill, 7-10, 111:,is il rl l'n,:11)lngc~
,, . lc,t11IS('l' n lt:1,t, ('('Il( 1c11cc,11l1c ( 11l1c 1
1,,s Jll'tll>C'S 11111s11l1111111is<~~
1 1 ~fc.',li11c es 1(1111>l1li1c11I lt't11 ,,,,,111i1c ,,i,l(1i1c
111i ll11r tl,)1111:1 ("(llts<ic11cc~ le 1<'111 fc1tt. (:<-Il<' J)<lilc l<><11lil~ sl\tl'C
l:111s le 'll,:1111:1, ~ I<' l,r,1(1 cl<' l:1 111c!1 l\,1t1gc, n11 N(,1cl (le J>jrcl,l:1
,r 1111 11c11 r111 St1<I-C >11:sl <Ir f\lt",1i11c 1a't1,11r1il sn11s (l,,11te jr,111:,is l'i<!
,,,r,1111(' sa1111 ,cil(' ,icl<>it( clts (:r)n11ls 11tP(li11c)S s11t les i11fi(lilt~;
lll('C <fll(lS. ,\11x jc,11,s ll)Jtll1r.t11('IIX 111i Il(' lllOll(fllCJ'()lll 1>ns ''(' SC
0
11 cs11tlt1 r111x <:1(l)'1111ls, le 1i1l,l,i11 cssnic111 clC' 1rcl(11111c1 ,c,111a1gr. i,

''" 11111"11l1111111ist;s ,.,, lct11 1:11>11rl1111l ~<'li,~ 111e111i1c vi<:(cli1<! clt~
lt;11l1 ; Si 1111t' 11l11it s11ig11c (11111i11ll'lllt11l> c11 ,,o,1s, 1111,1>clt!z-vcl11~
1
1 1111111' 1,Jnie s~1,1ll11l,lc 11 s:1ig11t' <'tt l"<~ 1,e,11,Ic (i11fi(ltlt). (:,,~ j,l111s
ll11111,~11x tI 111,1111t1,1c't1x) 11c,11s J4s f:,is,>11s 11llc111C'1 1>111111i IPs l1,,111-

111('s 11c,111 1l(t.c,1111:1it1f) <c11x ((tli c1t,ie11t cl tl1e11,l1,, 1,111111i v<tts les
l,111c,i11s - ,111,,,.,,
11'11ir11c 1>ns lt's i11j11s lC's - --, ,,,,111 fi1i1c l,1illc1
1111x c111i <1c,ie11I c'I 11,jclt1 cl:111s l'c,111l,1c Il'~ i11fitliles (!)). ll:1cl1
:1 ,r1llll<'III 111111c111r. lt's (:1,1)t111ls tic l\l~cli11c. T. c'111 ,i<~lc>i1c lc111 n
,l,11111t; , ,,,fi1111<"(' t'l1 t'll~-r11'1 111cs, ,,,1,li:111,C' s111(c,11I C'tt Y11l,,,, ,111i
l,111 11 11c,1lt~ sc'tc,111s. l~,s jc,111s cl't'1<'11,c 1,c11,,,,,,1 1
V('lli1. 1. . c 1,1l,l,i11
:1111;1 1i11,1,clc1 llllX IIIIIStlllllllflS(;!i .,,,c lt'lll" ,,,r111ir1 clt()(~ s111 l'i11-
li1lilt i,
,~I<~ 1,c,111 t1rx 1111c 1cs1>le11,liss:111lc ,itl,1i1e il l11111cllt' ils 11c
-.':1flt11cl1t<'11( 111(~111(' f)flS; )c'S elllll'lllS ~C Jtr~Pltln<'lll C'II cff,,( f\11
1l,11x lro111,c1 cl. 1,n, i1ill('t11s .. t111c 1,n,lic tics f:1<l~'1111ls 11'11,nil 1>1,s
111 lt' <"<11111,gc ,le 111111tl1C'1 1111 cc,1111,nl. A t lx l1c't11cs clc 11111lcl1:111<<',
111'11SC'7. 0 Jl,1cl1 1 J:I,, (ftl() ! al)"lllll (\l r,1ll)()(;S ,,,, . tlll 111nll1t'lll"
(!i;) Ill, fi ; C,28 ~'I : 'l, 2ft:I.

( !Jf; ) (; ., t I) F.1 n c, , . 1>, .. , , , , ~ 11 , l\ l!!C\ AI,, I,, ,, , ,. f. 1, 2 3 U- l 1 0.
t!li) S0111:,lc. Ill, 1:11-1:1;;.

I ..A fitJ 1:n Il 1~ t.1 l~l>INOISR 157
flJ)t't'~ n,,t,i1 1c11111,l1lt; (:1 lln(l1) 1111 s11rc-!t <l,,11~ fois gnl (!l8) votts
:,,,,,7. ,lil : <:,,111111e11I cc 111sll1C'111 n<>tts vic11t-il ? > ll1>011tls (lil
I<' 1i1ll,i11 i, l\lol1n111111ecl) : \\'. Il vic11l {le vo11s-1111ne : Ynl1w, ~
1,,1,tc <l,,,s(', l'sl l<>t1l-1)11issn11t > (!J!t). r. 11 l>olo illc (le Dncl1 - le te1111<'
l,:,t11illc tsl i1111)101)1e t>(>tlt" c111i1cl1ise1 cet ncle (le pillnge, - tie11l
cl<,11.~ 1111c 1,l:ll'C l1011,>1nl,lC' <ln11s le~ Aclr..~ <Ir, 11.~ln111, sot1r. VITI, 5-
2!t ; IIJ, t 11-121 ; 1:l 1-13!>; lfil. l)'111>rs ces lexles ct'"its t>n1 le
111J,l,i11, 11(>t1s s11,<>11s <Jtt'il }' c,11, h lln<l1, t111c rencont1e cnl1e 11ne
1n1lic ,les 11111~t1l111n11iss (lC' l\f~<li11c el les <let1x trott(les <l'infltllcs:
c111r1,1111< 4IC's<Ptl(ln11l le lc,11ft <1e li1 cte el cn1nvo11e (le sccot11s 111on-
lt111I i, l .. n l\fccr1t1c. J. . cs C1o)'ttr1ls cxle1n1in1ent ces lleltX t1011p(\s,
s"<'1111:111C'11l (ll'S 111:11rl1:111,lisC's, co11~titt1n11t ninsi let1r pre111ir1
l,11li11. l>'1t1>1is IP.s A,tr.-: ,Ir. l'ls/,,111, 11011s 11'<'11 snvo11s JlllS J>lt1s, et
1<111 <IP st1ilt~ 11,>s IC'<~l_c111s 1,1cs~c11l<'11l <Jtlc les ccl111111c\11lnlrt11~
r,111s11l111n11s, r11gl<>t1li~; sn11s l,c (lig1s pot les co111111e11lnte111s occi-
<lt11l1111x, Il(' se c<>IIIC'tll('lo11l 1>ns cl't111 rcit nttssi 1nnig1e cl <Jtt'ils
,,,111 l'C'11j,,li,,<1 cl'111,c 1111rllit11<le ,le tlloils do11t at1c1111 n'est ro11-
l1t1l;1l,lt'. N,,,,s 11'11vc111s n11(1111c 11,,ic <le 1e1>1otl11i1c ici le11rs 1~cils.
l ,~s ,111,1:,g:s ,le 1~0, A 11(11:1, 1 (lt lllncl11e, (le <,nt1<lef1,,y-l)e111(1111-
l,)'t1rs (1()(,), cl,, l)C'1111<11gl1(11, sc>ttl s1,t111s ,le t,>11les ces l1isloi1rs
i11v1:1i~c'111l,l:1J,I<~, s<,11ve11I slt11,i,l<'s cl st11 lc~(fttC'lles ttn l1islo1ir11
l:1111 s,1it J>('II s,;1irt1~ 11<~ JlC'ttl s'nJ>f)tt~'et 1>0111 1econslilt1e1 les Ot'-
gi11,'s Ir. l'Jsl:,111 011ll,e.
( :'csl s1111s (l<>tllc e11("(>1~ :1 ln ,,icl{)t(~ cle Iln(1t - Je tnl>bin ni111c
111 1:11>1,(l<t ;,11x 111t1s11l111n11i~ts l)(ll11 111ni11lc11i1 lc111 C<lt11oge et f:(ttl-
,,n11is1 ltl11 i11t1gic. - - 1t1'il <'si fi,il t1ll11si(lll <ln11s ln s<,t11nle VIII,
-12- If,. (,~1rtlt111cs t(,1:111is1111ls (>111 ,,,,,1l11 ,,c,i1 1111 ccrl1,i11 1n1>1,c>tt <'11t1('
,,s ''<'rsc'ls tI lit <lr:1ilt! 1~()11,,<>ll,sc 11ot1s se111-
l,lt' a1flt1 <,,11t1c le~ l(~Xll' 111(111e. (~e lcxlc, c11 c11c1, 11e 11n1le l>lts tic
(!>K) S. 111, 151.

(!)!J) J;"it\'()11 ,l1 1>r11ltr (l(tlll" lltr11<111~1 (1>rt1l-l\l1<' ?) flllC ln vlrt,,lrc r11l 1>111~
i1111,<>11:,tllt 11,rr 1:, clc\rr,ilr cl'()l1,,111t111,1l:1lt111~ ,,,i,ls,~ 111i:cis,11I : A (~l10,t lc:-i 11,11~11l111n11ls5 n11rnic1l l'll
7tt l1is, 111:,is i', Jl,1tl1, l(s 1>c1lcs clt~ i,lc,liit,cs f111c11l clc,ul>lc : 70 t11s + 7()
1
1 ra s,,11111 l'ts.
(l(tl)) Ncttls 1 11c11~c,11~ 11 At,,J,011,cl (le lit,c ~r,11 clr. ln cot1vrrl111r. potlc
Af,r/10,,1,I ; i, l inlr1il~111 cita liv1,, ,Ir. 7f)8 111, . 110,,~ t1ot1vons 11nrl,,11t l'o1ll1>
1-Cn1,l1c At,,l1,,1,t111t,I). ,,n111 ,1,,1,s ln <'(>llc,llon ,11JRNn1 nRnn, 1.,~uol11tio11 ,Ir
I' 1,,,,,,,,,,11,~. ~U. 1Of,li. 1'1:,1~1 10,11 le resf)Crt ,111c no,1s ,lcvo11s A ~f. (i:111-
, 1,,rat,~ 1>t11111111 l,l' 1,c~. 111i, lg1 l',141 1rn l i,,n ,,,,r 11<111~ ~1>ro\1von ~ po,, r 1, llt
~i1111s tic !,;<~ l1n,n11x, 111nlg1(\ ln 1i(ln111c r,,ilc il 1,1 nn,lio Nnlionnlr.. 11<>l1c;
~c,1111,1, .~ 11,,, ll1111rf\11~<'111l'11 I cil 1i ,~l-~ ,le jl1gcr ~cl t>tl v rn~c I rs s~vre111c111,
t(,11,111( (1,,,,1 1lt'.1,<>tt1,11 tl<' t,,,11, (1i1i,111c l1islo1i,111c. t.l. Gou,lrr11,y-l>cr110111-
l,~,,cs. ('()ll":1(t1 n ln C l>ll(ltllt clt! 01t<lr > )es llllJ.(('~ l:l4, 125, 120, 127. 128,
129, 1:l(), 1:11, 132 1 Attt111,r c.lc ccs J>ngcs 11e r<1,osc star u11c ,tort111,c11tnli1,11
n,,1,
(c11 ,, i 11 ( ,., 111r111c vrl le.
1. ISl ..~~I Al\.~111~ EN ~l,\fl(:IJE - I ..A OUEnnB
,t,rt,ill', 11111is cil ,ic:l,,i1l", cl ("l'llt ,ic1,,i1e 1,1,11,il l1e ici 1111 1n1,1,cl
tl11 1cz1-,,,1 cl11 li11cl1 :
-12. ~)11tlr111c tl1,,s, (t(,1 ), SllCltC7. ((lit~ le

llll' \'()llS 1)1'(\IICZ Cil 1,,1ti11
<111i11I l'tl ,,,,,,,,1litr1l i, \"1111,, ()()~). :1 l'A1>{,t1c, 011 1>1t,ll1c ((le
l'(.~ ,lt'l'IIC'I"), llllX (.)1'1,l1cli11s, AIIX (>n,1v1es, llll \'<))'ll~Clll", si
,.,,,,s c1,1)'t'7. c11 )'nJ1,, el il cc ((lt'II Ill cl,~s<e11,l1c s111 Sc11
sc1vitc111, r111 jc,111 ,le~ 111 S:1l\1,tic,11, 011 jf>t11 <>I lc.s clc11x 11,,11-
1,cs se 1<'l1<1,11l1i1e11l. \11l1,v, s111 lottle l'ltosc', est t>11111i11<>-
lc11t.
1:J. ().111,11,I,,,,,,s ,li<7. s111 I ,c!1s:\11I le 1>lt1s 1111,,l1c cl (l<'S t.. 1111c-
111is) s111 lc , .. ,.'i1111t le 11l11s l;l(>g11, ln11tlis tJll~ l<'s gc11s 1111,,, ..
lt;!i tlnt'lt( tlll-flC'SSCltl~ cl, \'(lllS, S VflllS rf('Z ("(>Jl\'(\nllS (11111
1r11<1C7.-\'(tllS, \'C)llS v,,,,s S('l"C'~ Oll))C)St~S st11 (l,c'lllJ>l:,tr111c11l)
(1C (' (' 1' (' 11 C1(' 7. - \. C) 11 ~ 111 :\ .', ( l <l 11 I 1\ 1 t \' fl ) 1) ()l t t ( 111(~ ', : l 11\ \' (, ( f()111 l fi (
1111 c,1,l1c ,111i l'('\'lll cx,;cttlic,11.
11. l>c,111 <Jltc 1>t1il ccl11i <1t1i f>t~1il s,11 ,,11c ,l't111e l.,1c11,,c <'l 1c>111
(llll' ,t11I crlt1i c111i ,,11l s111 , 11,~ <l't111c l'1c11vc. 1~11 ,,,ilc~,
1
,a1J1,, f'IJl( lltl lc)tll ('( C()lllllll l<>tl l.

1
-l!'i. (ll,11,,,tll(-tc,il 1111111cl CIi s,,11gc, Ynl1,,, If! r11is11it (I<'~ ,,,,i,
,1111r111is) 1,t11 11,,,,,l,1t11x, c111 s'II le les ,,,11il ,c1i1 11,,1,1- r,,it
l)1t,11x, \'()IIS tllll'('Z 1>c1cl11 ('f)lll"llgc, ('I lllltC'7. ls1 1t s111 1,,r- 1
r,,i1c, 111nis ,1,1,,,t~

\'OIIS '' (l()llll n1,i1isc111c1,1. Il (~c,1111:,il le~
(>l'llst\l's tics ,ct111s.
1(\. (ll:111elc1.-,c,11s) ffllrt11cl ''11l1,,i~ 011 111,,111C'lll clt' 11, l'('lltt,11l1r,

r11"II( ll()))lll:1if1(' \'flS ('llllf'IIIS J)C'II llf>lllltl'C'IIX i1 \'()S ~'C'IIX
( 1 \'()IIS IIIIIIIISIII l1 lt'lll'S ~'l'llX, 11()111" ((tlC '\:1lt\\'l' tl('(.(llllJtlil
1
(=--= ,,,,.,,,. ,; ~,J,1 lfr111,) 1111 c>1l1c <111i 1c~t1l (-- ,lf11,1il 1,,r-
11,>i1) l'Xr<t1lic,11 1 A Y11l1,,, 1cvi<~1111e11l les c11,l1ts (J(l:l).
Il s'11git l,ic11 ,11,11s <"<' lrxtc ,1,111e viclc,irc cles 11111!,ttl111t111is,s s11r
lcs i,lt>l:l1c's, ,itl,,iac i1111>1vi~il>le c11 l<>11si,lr11lic>11 cl11 11<>111l,1c clcs
c1111c111is ; ,icl<1i1,, nss111t!c 1>na les s<11lc~ <lis1)<1~ilio11s clc ,,,,1,,,,<t. l.,n
t>t'tlsc se 1ep<)11,, lc>t1I 1111l111t~llc111e11t 11011 JJC>i11I ,c1s 1111c (lt~fnilc,
( 11) f ) \' (1i r )l l 11-; 11 :111 1 )l. 1:17.

( 102) l>nnc; I( 1-t11t:1lc11,111r. l:1 1,:111 ,Ir \':11,,,,f' rc;I 11,clr 1 '5()1)' ri cloil
i'l1t ,,,(lt,rt s,,,. 1., 11:1rl ,Ir~ ~c,lcl:1ls. \',,i, 1,111, 11;1111, Jl. l:iR.
(103) Sot11. \'Ill. 412-lli.

LA GtJETII\E t.tt-:OINOISE 159
111 (ll;f:,ilc (1'0110(1 (1() 1), 1>n1 rxc1111>le, 111ois vc1s le st1ccs 1-empo1t
1>111 lt~s ll1t1s,1l111n11iss ll1<li11ois, ~,11 lt'S (lolt1l1es 111ecq11ois. Celte
1('11c<>11l1e cle lln,11 f11l 1111 ~1011<1 v11<'111c11l, 11n vne111e11t d111e-
s11rt'\111r11t g1<>ssi Jln1 le 1nl1lli11 t><>t11 s1>11tc11ir le cour11ge <les a1nl,rs
isln111is('S el (>(>111 <c,11c1tis()t lc111s )'et1x. ln ptovi<lence el le lottll'
1) l l iSS ll 11 (. C (1e y n l1,,, .
J. (' 111l,J,i11 <'X(~cllc t li1c1 fl(~S fltits, 111111e les J>lus i11sig11ifiR11ls,
cli1111>c,1l1111tes C<>11cl11si(1ns ,ilnll'S :
1 l. () \'()IIS (Jll Cl"())'CZ I 1c11conl1e1ez llllC lt'Ollf)C

Q,11111<1 VOllS
(c1111c:-111ie) sc1~ez fc1111cs I l11v<><fttez l,eot1cot1J) Ynl1w I Pct1l-
l1c r1t11ez-,'<>t1s tic 1:, cl1u11cc 1
18. C>l,t',iss<'Z i, '\"11l,,,.. <'l i, So11 n1><>l1e I Ne s<lY<'7. J>r,s e11 c,,11-
lcsl11li(>II, s1111s ,111<> V(tl!i 111<llli1ez el le vc11l f1tv<1t1l>lc l<lt11-
11 c1,1. Sc,ycz C<>IIS 1n11 ls. Yll 11 ,v est n vec les Consl o 11 ls ( 105>.
()11 n ,,,,,1lt1 vc,i1 <1011s ces tlct1x ve1sels, le 101>1>el ,l'11ne tlfnitc
(llr.A<:11i,:1,1-:) <>f>. cil., t. III, 1>. 8:17, n11r1ot. <ltt v. 47). Ce1>en<la11t, ll<>tls
tl('\'(tl)S l'(~llllll"C(IICI" CJllC le 18 st1i>1>ose l>(! ll tille sit11ntio11 fRV(ll'll-
V. 1
llc 1111x 11,11st1l111r111ist\s. J. . c venl le,11 esl p1011icc, 111ais il to111ne1,1it

<'Il l('ttr l(',f11vc111, s'ils C<'ss11ie11l cl'<>l,~it Y11l1,v et h So11 A1>ll1<',
l\lc,l1,1111111C'cl ; et c.~c~ ,lc11x \'<~rscls s'e11cn(lrc11t st111s effort <ln11s \ttl
1tlit s111 111 1<'IIC<lt1l1c tic Jln,11.
1)111 <c,11l1c, les vc1sels l!l-fi(i <le celle 11111,e sot1rnle VIII se1l1-
1
l,lc11I l1i,11 cl(;c1i1c 1111c tl(>IIV('llc 1c11co11trc c11l1e 11111st1l111n11iH<.~s

111('cli11c,i~ cl i<l<>)fil1('S 111t"l'<ltl(>is, 1e11co11l1e clifft~nle ,le celle ,le
ll:1(11 ('I I'( )l&()fl (l(tfi). Nl~ S())t. 7. 1>:1s C()llllll~ (<~es 11,li<llcs) cr11i S()l'-
1
li1,11I cl, l<'1t1 l111l,il11l rtv('<~ ,,,,1111>c ()( l~1c11l11lion J>ttl>li<111rs, c111i
,,,:11l11ic11I cl11 Cl1c111i11 <lc )'1111,,, 11lc,1s cr11c Ynl1,v (,le Sn s<ie11<.'<')
f'll\'<'lc,11>ttil cc 111'ils ft1isni( 11t. l~t (11e soyc1. 11ns co111111e c~ct lnfl(l<'-
1
l('s) 111a,11cl 1<' ll{-111<>11 1,1111, lc111~ 11c:lic>11s ((le r1111sscs n1>1>n1e11ccs) ('I
l1111 lil : N11l 1,i,1111i l(ls l1,l111111es, <'Il ce jot11, 1,c st'11 vni11,111c111
cJ,, \'(111s 1 .I( s11is ,,,,11<' 1>111111i11 1 ('l"c>111eroi~) . (Jttnn<l les (let1x l1,,11-
1c~ f111,,11I l'II vt1c l'1111e <le l'1,,1l1e, (le l)r111011) fit 1nn1cl1c a11i1c
cI clil (i111x l11111i~lcs) : .1<~ s11i~ i11e~1,011R11l,lc <le vo11~. ,Je vois ,e
<Ill<' ,,,t1:i Il(' ''<>) ez 1,1,s le (111i11s \'nl1,,,. Ynl1w est te11ibl(' e11
1
( 1(1,1) Si~11nl(111s l(>lll ()(' ~ile <111c <"elle loc,1lis nlio11 n'o n11cun fonclc111c11t
,1~111s 1,, texte <les Acfcs ,le l'lslc,111 .
( lft:,) 11,1,1. 47-48.
( If)(,) 11 rs,t1clrolt clire : c ,,,i'l<'11cl11<' > r<'n<"onlre cl'Ol1oci. N(>11~ vt-rr,,,,~
lii,--1,lc"l Jl<>,11<111oi 011 11c JlC-ltl n<'rc1,lcr sn11s ,lis<t1~slo11 <"C lloil F(of{rn1,l1i-
<111t. 1,,,1, l'i11slo11l, pn1 ~i1111>I<: (~c11111no(lit litlrn i rc, nous utiliso11s le 11(,111
l'()l1<>cJ 1>t>1ar clsi"11cr 1111c <lr,,ltc clont le tlaOtrc est Inconnu.
, .. ' 1sr.,\I\I AIIAIII~ 1:N ~IAll(:111~ - f.A (iUl~lll\l~
~,,11) cl1tili111c11I. lln11l(l('T.-\'(tll~ 1111011,I le~ IIJ'J>,,c~1ills ,li1t 11l, t1i11si

1
1
:1'. l' ('('Il~ 011 ('1111 I(' 1111i est 1111 111nl : (:es gt11s-ci 0111 t 11<,111-
11'- 11:11 lc111 1tligi<11 .,. . <:c-lt1i 1111i s i11>1>t1i~ s111 Ynl1,,'<! (se111 sn11,,~),
1
:11 ,1ll1,,c; csl 1>11iss:111I cl s11ge. Al1 1 1>11isscs-lt1 voir qt1n11,1 le~
11
gt,q 1111>1>llc1,11t <t11:x ,111i 11111(1111 ll~ i11fl11lt's, lc111 f1n1>1>1111t la,
1
=,, <'l 1<' tl<'11ii1<' (,.,i,
:111ssi s,,,11. Xl~\'11, 21) (<.'11 crit111l) : (~<,i\-
lc~ le lt>111111~11I .,,, 111 <:i1l<i11:1liclll f (,<li1 n11ssi s,,111. Ill, 177). (:'est
11 11ix <lt' 4:c 111c- ,c,s 11111i11s t>11I 1,t.('<>1111, li :111l~1ic111c111<'11I. Y11l1,v
't'sl l>(>11I i11j11sl( ,,,,,.,,,s (S<s) sC'r,ite111s. (I .. C'111 S(>1I s<.1:t) ,,,1,1111('
1
1,, s,,11 <l<s ~r11s (I<' ,,11:11:ttlll :, ((~cll(' 1flrxit,11 1 cl cctle (,>1111,111ni-
, c,11 <l('S i11fi(l~IC's n\'('(' lc's gr11s clc llf1111nt,11 s11fll1t,il ~c11lc ,\ 11tt>t-
,... , <111" lls ,t,tr~ ,/, 1t ...;fr,,,, 1t't>11I 111 ~t,e ,~<li~<~s <111c 1,01 1111 jt1if.
1 11'., 11 clc 1,i1l' :1,c11glt ,111c <"<'ltti 111i 1\l' ,cttl t>fl!, ,,,1i1 f): ('l <le
1' 1'11X ffll ftll"('lll 11,:1111 ('IIX (\"llt f),,11(. \'')JJ, f9-2f} : (:r1les, si ltl
111,liC's ,yr1l1\,r lc,11 l)i('II, si 111 s11is <l'n11l 1E's clirttX, si Ill l<'S S('l'S (~I
1
c 111,,sl(\111,s ,lc,11111 <'11~, j ('lt lt'111,,ig11,, r,11jcl111cl'l111i rtlllfrc ,,,,,,~,
1 \'ClllS r;1tl(l1 11 ,,c'1i1 "), '')':Ill( ,,tl~ ll t"l'(~c)11Jr:, ('Il )('~, sglll''S (1C
,:,l,,,.l; (,oi, N,l111l1"" XI\', 11 : .J11sr111es ;, <111;l11cl c'<~ Jlf'llt,lC" ,,n-1-il
111,t1,1i~r1 ? .J11s111'~, i, r1111111cl 1cf11sc1n-t-il clt" c1,1i1c c11 111oi, 111nJ ...
<, lts sig11,s ,r11r i 11i ,,,.,l(lttits ll1c7. ltti ? .Je v:1is 1,, f11,1,1>c1 ,f,, ln
1
l'''"''' j,, lr clt~l)C)S"(.. rlr,:,i. Ile lc,i, .l' rc,:,i 1111(' lltll()II, 1,11,s g1:,11,lc
. 1 1il11~1 llll''~lllll1 ffllC' l11i ,. . f:t,f 11-<' l<'S Il f1nflll'~~, l>fllll" l<'lll'S
,.. ,,.;.. ,pr,1,,,.; ('SI r()f"I <'l
IC't1il)l( ('Il Sc)II 11fili111( tll. (:'rsl (111'('11
1 1
11,,1. ''i,1,,,.<; ,,,, 1,:1-; ,l1nr1~c' 1111 l>('11rnil <lt11l JI 11,11il gr11lifit' 1111
r,11,le, :1,11111 ,,,, . cc Jl<'t111lc ('II 111c,,lifit~ cc fftli t;lnil C'II l11i-111f'.\111r.
l ;1l,,,,c' ~11lc11cl 1,,,,1 <'I s:,il ltltll. (f .. c111 s,>11 Sl'l tl) l'(>111111c le so1I cl<'s
0
1
'1l~ le f>J1n1:tflll <'I <lt' l'('II~ fJII rtll"<'lll nvn11l Cl1X: ll~'nlll ltnil Il()!;
~ll('S fit= lll('J)S()llJ!~. N,,,,s ll\'()11~, r:1i( l'<'l i1 ('('11X-(i )J(lllt l('llts
0
1r'tl1c~s ; Nc,11~ ,,,. ,, ." ('llglc>11li lrs gc11s <le (ll1:11'tl()II ; 1,,11s r111('lll clcs
1 ,i11sl<'s (S,,111. \plll, l!)-fifil.
,:,,~ \'l'l'~;r.ls <)lie 11c,11s ,<'11,,,,s clc l'<'J>1,,cl11i1e, 11,11s 1a1c,111lc't1l (l,,11t
11 cc,1111>:11 r11t1r clc 11x 11,l,c1st1i1cs 11111l><'s : le~ 11111s11l111n11is<~s ,Jr,
1
'l,'cli11e "' le~ (lol:il1,,s 111r,,111c>is. {)11,I f,1 1 c:c c,1111l,nl? J.,e lexlc clcs
,.,,,_-: Il{' lt ,,,rl'S(' cl'n11r1111e ftl('()II. Il 8('1lll>lc J,ic,, C('lll'll(l1111l (ftl'il
1
,, ;'a,gil iri 11i clc l:1 ,itlc,i1c clc l\:1,11, 11i cl~ l11 (lc~f;1I<' cl'(ll1('tl.
:, i>t1lc1ni fftlc C<' 1111111c111c <le 1,1~risic,11 11'0 011c1111c i111101tn,,,.,,. J>n1
.,,,,,,.,,, tc (ftli csl c,1,,i111I flOlll' ll()llS. c-'c sl flc ("Ollslill('I' 1111('
1 r,.is
'<' ,,11,s, <'I r,1111111c 1,111l{t1t, (ftle .'<' ,~cil <les Al~lcs, sn11s n,1,~1111
tltll(' f>()SSl>f(' Il (,1,~ t'ctil 1>n1 1111 j11if, 1111 .i11ir (flll llC ,,c11I (~(~1i1~ ))()llr
ll'- ,lir(' 1,11f tlll lf"Xlc', r11i1c Oll('tlll(' 1fnc,ccln SOllS sr S<ltlVCll1 <IC
0
'.\."I'. I .. ,,~ A,lr." s,111 :-;111111~~ li(' lu llil>IC'. lle11101,111011s l'IIC(ltc <111c
''- c"l,,1ltali,,11!i ,,.t,c,~s,cs 101 f(' 1,,l,l,i11 n11x <0111l)11ll1111ls 1111rs11l-
cfc (f)IIS llC)ittf~ 1>01.l!lfr'S fl (~( )l('S f(ll(~ llt)llS )SC)IIS cltlllS
1:111isc\s Sfllll 1
,. l)C'11l . XX. 1-6 : l ..,)l'SffllC' 1,1 1>i11li1n~ c11 g11C"11c c<,11l1e les C'11nc-
11is <'I (ltlr Ill \'C'11ns clcs rl1e,n11x, tl<'s cl111 1~ c."l 1111 1>ct11,lc 1,l11s 11c,111-

LA GUEl\l\H MEDJNOISE 161
l,1c11x <Jttc loi, lll n'e11 0111as pos 1>et1r : cnr Yal1w lon Dieu est avec
l(,i, I.At1i q11i l'i, fnil 111u11ter <111 1>uys <l'Eg)tl>le. Qt1n11d vous se1ez sttr
le 1,<,i11l <l'c11gnger le co111l>nt, le 1>rtre s'avancera et parlera att
1et11>lt'. Il le,,r <li1a : c l~cot1lcz, ls1al, vous CJtti tes at1jot11tl'l1ui s,11
le 1,,,i11l <l'c11g11ger le Cll111l>tll co11tre vos enncrnis, qt1e votre cttr
,,c r1til,lissc 1,11s I N'oyez c1Ri11lc 11i a11goisse et ne t1e111blcz J>ns
clcvo11t et1x, l'n1 Y11l1,v vc>lte l)ic11 111n1cl\e nvec vot1s, t>ottr co111-
l>11lt1c t><>t11 \'<>tts, ct,11l1c v<>s e1111t1nis. el vot1s snttver > (107).
(lll7) 1><'111. XX. 1-4; voir t>lll~ l1nt1I. p. 140. Nnt11rellcmr.nt les l1lslori<'115
.scl11t 1,~n,1<ot111 lllt1s r<'stsci,::ins, st11 1csr.nr111011rl1c <le fln<lr, c1,1e les text,
11<~ ,\rlr., : ,oir pnr rxc1n1,lc ll1.Ar.t1RnR. lie J>rn l,l~,1,r, p. 100 : c On ~lnit
i, 1:, 111i-r11nrs (i24. Co111111c le r<nvol nvnil ~t~ ~i,::t11nl, Mal10111rt vinl p1c11
<l1c 1,t,~il i<l11 n llrt<lr, n,1 ~,1cl-o,1cst tic M<lir,c, 1) 1111c i!lnpc <le Jn ,(,le ... l>:111~
l'ent,<0~<111('nt, 1'1,,1,on,cl perdit 14 l1on1111es (1). les Polytl1lstes 70, cl 40 prl-
~c1nnicrs 1 ( 1).
11
;';, NrJlJ\"l:,\tf 1,.,1 1 11 11. l'.\11 l.f: n,\IIIIIN 1,11 llllT F:SSF.NTll~J .. I>~ J.A GlJEnnE :

1.\ (~f>NOIJt: 11: l>l~ll Nlll\'I: 1,1,: J.A te/\ OA.
JI e!;l lc,11( Cl 1:,i( IICll'llll,I <le t>CIIS('I' (Jllr, po111 le 1n1Jl,i11 (ftli n,oil
cc,11~11 l'i11111,,11~<' 1>11,jfll clt j11cl11sr1 I..,~ l\lc'C<jtte C!l IC's l1il>t1s n1nl,es,
1,, l\.it'la,1 <:<111~lilttnil 1111l' gt~11c l'l'l"J>.;l11cllc cl <.c1111111c' l'ttveu 1,111.>lic
c,t. sc,11 i1lst1ccs. ~1c<lilc>11s 1111c foi~ clc plt1s les vc1scls 187-189 clc
1,1 Stllll'tl(l' 11, (Jtli J';ll>lll)l'll''frs (ll"(ltes c1tl l'llUl>II 11l1X lJlllSlllllllllSS
,.l' rl 1~ i l' s i \ l\ l (. 1i I l e :
lt~. l'11rz-lc.s (l<'" i11liclilts) 1>111t,,11l ,,it vo11s les nllC'11,l1cz l l~x1>11l-
scz-ll1S cl'c,it ils ,,,11s ,,111 cx1,11l s s I Ln J>C'tsr11lic,11 (les
(:1,,)i111ls (''i( 11i1e fJtlc 1~ ('l',111lcfcis), tl<' les ~c,111l,111-
111<111t1e.
l<'Z J>>i11I 1,1,,; clt la, l\lt1~c111c'c S:1t1e n,1 n11t c111'ils ,,c,11s )' 11ic11l
<1,111l,:1ll11s ! Sls ,,,11s (,)
(>111l,;1llc11l, lt1rz-lcs 1 'l'tllt est la,
l '(.'('(llllll('IISl ' clC's )1111,lrlcs.

IH~). (:,,111lt11llflz-lr" it1sc111'i, cc ((,1'il 11'y nit 1>lt1s c.lc 1>ctscl'ltli<>11 cl

1111c I( c11llc s,il 1c11tl11 :, ,,1,l1,,.
C:e t,:xtc c.l,1i1. N1)tl~ "(lllllllfl~ i, ~lrcli11~, SllllS l<ttll(' 1>c>11 n1>J"('S
('SI
1:,11i,<._,, ,Ir-.; 11111s11l111:111isrs. l~x1,11lst'~ Ir l,ll l\lec,111c el ,Je 11, J{11'l,n,
" le, 11it.1s 11'c.,11l c111'1111 l,11t : l'('J>1e11c l 1c ln ville et ~c,11 li,,11 ,le
c11lll'. c:,,11c l(:,'I,:, (-;I si1c1tr, <lil le! 111IJl>i11 ; 11c rtl111l,nllcz t>ns lrs
i.l, 1 l:il1c" lllllll'-s 41",,)fc: 111:tS s'il~ \'C>IIS ~- nl(OC{lll'llf, ftlC'7.-)l"Sf l)rf,01-
1.1-~t'/. I.~, l\l,,111, ,le t't'S i11fi,l,l,s, 11li11 11' Il'' ,tille Jlltisst' t"'~l1c
1111,l11 i, , ,,11,,c t11 llllt 111it'l11cl(, ,l:,11s le lt1111>IP c111i l .. 11i f11I j,1,lis
,c,11snt1,, rI 111i csl :111j,,111cl'l111i Sltt1ill 1,n1' les iclc,lc's. ltn1>J>C'llc-l(li,
111 ' )11 fi Is. (111 :' 11 (1 1l. ', 111 f i C1(\ 1( s , , , , (.11i 11 : ' i\111 (" 0 11 I1c ' (l i' n 1),.c' s 1:l (. ( ) 11-
1
\ ' 1si,,11 1111 l>ie11 clls1:1i~I. Ils l l1e1cl1ni111l le 11111i11lt11i1 cli111s 111 foi
0
I 1t'S 1111<t1cs, rt11 le lttc1 <)li l'cx1111lsr1 1 ll!i 11111tl1i1111ir11t nlc11::1

11111 ,i1l1,, 111ncl1i11:1it, 1111,is '\'11l1,\ est 111cille111 r11 S11 111ncl1i110-
I i,.,1 > (1()8). S,,,1,i,,11s-lt,i 011ssi 1t1i111(I 11,,s c11scig11<111e11ls 1,,,,,.
,1:1i<'11t t,>1111111111i1111is et (111'ils s'i(1i:1ie11I : c Nc111s nvo11s e11lc11tl11.
Si ll(ltls le ,,,,,1li(11,s, 11,111s tli1i,111s tf,,s cl,c,"C's lll11cillt'S. t:c 11e s,,111
r11'l1i;lc,i1rs cl,s 1\t1("P11q > ((()!)). N(,tls C<l111111issc,11s clPj:1 lotis c's
~~' i,1" ncl1rs"t;~ a,t1 1:1l,l,i11 cI 1,c111s s:1v<111s ttvcc Jt1cl 111<,,,is l<'s ict,l-
1:i lts 111C't:(tttc,is ntlt1<'illa,ic11t les l1isloi1es <l l'A11cic11 'l,t'Slt111,c11t
1<' lc111 111,,111lt1it I( 1:1J1lai11 (l l(l). 'l'e s(1t1vie11s-t11 r11c11c c111t111tl ils
( 1flR) Sc,111. V 111, :ltl .

( 1U9) / l> i ,f. :l 1
( 1 l(l) Il . Z,1<.,1,1,~. ,,,,. il ., 1. If, 1- ~fl7 -2:19.

LA GUERnB MEDINOISB 163
clisi1ic11t : J)iet1 1 si ceci est ln Vrit vcntte de Toi, fols pleuvoi1
s111 1,ot1s tles 11ie1res (111 ciel 011 froppe-nous d'un to11r111e11I
c111c~I > (Ill).
Nt>11, Yal1w 11e les n J>Os l(lt11111c11ls Jle11c)ont lJtle tu le lrot1vnis
1,11 111ilic.11 l'c11x ; Ya,l,,v 1,'cst 1,ns le l)iet1 1ncl1ant qt1e notrs po11-
,,(,11s i111ngi11e1 t1t11,1s tl<>s 1>101>1es 1>assio11s. Yol1,v ne to11r111c11tc
l>tts 11011 11lt1s <1111111<1 011 l11i tlc111n11(le 1>a1<lo11. Il 1>ot1vnit les extc1-
111i11c1. Il 11c l'a J>ns foil, bic11 c111'ils le 1111ite11t. Ils le 1111itoie11t
1)1t1lc t(t1'ils 11'011t n11c1111 lt<,il sur la l\losqt1e sacre. Les vrnis 1>1<>-
J>1ilr1i1cs ,le ln l{a'l>n, ,le celle l\-lc>scJt1c Soc1e, ce sont les ode1>tes
(le Yr,l,,v, ce s011l les Crnig11n11l-l)iet1 ; c'est votts, Arobes convertis
1111 v11,i J>ic11 (l'ls1nl, ,111i c11 les les nt1ll1cr1li(fttcs tllenlettrs. Cc
l('l111,IC' cl,1111 V<>tls nvez t cl,usss vot1s n1>1>nrlie11l. Il est vo11s.
Il \'(>t1s s11rfil <le le 1c111e11,l1c 10111 y lul,lit l'1\11cie11 c11lte ,le Ynl,,,,.
l.,ts \'f>)'<z-vc>11s, ,:es i,l(>lt1cs r1111is ntl(lts <le ln l{n'l,i1. Vc,11s c1c,ycz
1t1'ils 1>1ict1I ? N,,11 1 l~c111 1>1i1e co11si~lc c11 siffle111e11ls cl IJ11lle-
111C'11ls le 111ni11s > (112).
N<ltls so1n1nes Dflts JJnclr. Celle victoire, si i111porln11te fC\1-C'lle
1(>t11 le 11101111 ,les Croyn11ts, n'a n11 fon<I, n11c11ne i1nportn11ce 1,0111
le ,l,'<'l(>(>J>e111er1l le l'lsln111 nrnlJe. (:e qt1i i1nporlc, c'est <le rP11--
l1<'1 i1 1.. :, 1\l~c<111r, 1>ot11 J>1ie1 (ln11s le 'l,e11111le tlont la co11str11clif1r1
1(111)11l~111il it Al>1nl1i1111 cl Js111nl, el qtti ft1t 1>01 et1x co11soc1 1tt1
('tille tltt llie11 U11i,111<'. C<>ns1,c1~e o Yal,w, lo l{n'l>n <levinl. 1>n1 ln
~1,ilc~ ,les le1111ls, 1111 )>1111111<'(>11, 1e11clez-vo11~ ,les 11011tn<les n1nl,rs. Si
Jp 1illtl>i11 l,1 <l<'11,,111111e 1\losr1t1c Snc1e, ce n'est t>n~ c1u'ellc le S(til
:1cltt<'llc111,,11l, 1111,is ce ,,r,<11l>lc l11i vif'11l clc sn cl<!sli11otio11 1,1i111iliv,
s111 l,1,111llc le 111l>l)i11 i11siste n l\I,line llOttr sli111t1Jer ln recr,11r111i.,t,1
,I(' t'l' l,1111,lc t1l,1,1l1,1111i,111c 1,1,1 s<'s 11111s11l111n11iss. ~~t tlnns 1111 J>nss
1,,111 1c'l'C11I, ~l<)l11,1111nccl 11'11,nil-il 1>as 1t111i tln11s ln l{n'l,n 11,i111c
s,s cc,11il,11le~ c<>11,e1lis it ln 1eligio11 l'lsrnl, jt1gcnnl l<lttl 11nl111cl
IP r:,i1~(! 1,1cl~111>er Jlot (les 111onotl1islcs ce lc'11111le <lesli11 r,t1f 1<'-
r1is 1111 cttllc <l11 lliet1 tJ11ic111e ? Ce grslc nvoil t <le sa 1,n1l t1nc
,1.;111:11<1,c <les 1>111~ nt1cl,,,,ie11s('S ; il valt1l il son n11lc11r les J>ltt~ g1n11-
cl<'s 11t('llO<"<'S, c1t1i se lc1111i11i'1c11l r.11 fi11 cle co1n11le 1,nr ln l4't1ite i,
l\l,',li11c. tJ11 l<'~lc ,le lt1 S<>t11c1le 111ecc111oi~c LXXII. ne virnl-il llr,s
<"()11,i1111C'1~ 1111c c>1i11io11 ftti s<' flgr1ge <le t>ltt~ c11 J>l11s 11clt<1111e11l le
l:1 lrcl111t' clcs A:l,~s ? l~l'c>t1l<JllS cc texte, c1it 1>01 le rol,l,i11 :
18. l.,rs lca1111,lrs 11111,111lic1,11e11l n Yot1,v. Ne 1>1iez o11c 1>e1s,,1,11r

i, c{,t cle ,, nl1,v 1
(lit) St,111. VIII, 32.

(112) ,,,,,,., 35.
'r, 1
f~ ISI.A~I AR,\01! EN ~IAflCIIE - LA GUERRE
l~J. CJ,11:111,t I(' ~.,,,ilC'111 ,le 1'1111,v(' s'esl le,~, 1>1i:111I, les l11fi(lt'l<'s
<1,1 fnilli S(' l(,11111c1 <0111,c 11,i e11 nansse.
~f). 1>is : ., t' 11(' 1,1ic ,,,,~ IIIC)l1 Sci~IIC'lll. el Ile l.1tli OSS()CC Jlct
SClllllC > (J 1:1).
()11i, lrs f(\1111>1<'S ~<>11( ,~sc1,s ntr l>iet1 U11i111e cl il 11'esl t>os
11t1111is <I') ,<'11i1 1>1il1 cl'r,111<-s ,lie11x q11e I . . 11i. \',,t1e l{a'l>it 11'cst
,,~,s r,,ilc 1><1111 ,lt's itlc,Je~. l\l<>l1:1111111c,I n co1111J1is c(lle i,le <111 1nl,-
l1111, cl 1111 j,1111. 111,1C:,s sn c(111ve1sil11, il se 111l11 i, lat f<>t1lc ,les icl,,-
l:'\l1<'s 111i ,e11:1("'Jll cl:111~ lc.. 111 1~1111,lc oclo1cr lc111s i,loles. l\fni~ (Jttcl
.,, tl1111c111c111 f ~l,ll1;1111111,,,1 ~c l<'\'e 1>ot1r p1'ic1, 1,,,111 1>1ie1 11,~11 11as
,rs 1,i,11l's i11,,,1~s ,, 11i ,11c .. l1r111 11, l{n'l10, 1111,is le 1>ic11 i11visil,lc
('I 1,,,1t-ll11i,~:111r, Ir ,,,1,,,~ <l'ls111iil. l:<~ rt1l 1111 l,cn,1 8('nt1(lnlc. Il s'e11
r1llt1I tic J)<'II f(ll(' lts l\le('fJll(lS 11'11sS()l)llllt1SSClll cc 1)011\'I'(' l\lc>l11,111-
lll('(I t'(r11lc-.lt>1>1l1e11si-
l1I<, t,,i 11,11it s11ggt" 1c~ le rt1l,l,i11. ij11'11i-jC' fnit 1,,,111 11111c11lc1 l<,111 cc
1
11,,11,lc ? rr,il-il cli,r. i, l\lc,l1n111111l'lc. l .. cR

0
ltr1111l<'s ~c111I ,1(,,1il 'S :", ,011,\(t. I.,,, l{:1'1,n 11c fnil 1,ns cX<"'CJ>lic,11. (:'<'si
'c 111~, a1,tt \"<>s itlc,lc~ .. c111i 1"1,v('Z <lt~lc>t1111<~c <le sc,11 f>1igi1,nle 01ie11-
r:1li<,r1. l\ln 11ii1~ 11'<'sl 1t1'l111 1cl(>l11 i, l'o1igi11e ; je Jltic 111,>11 Sri-
l!1r111 \011,,t~, llif'11 1'l111ic111c C'l j,, 11e ltti nssoci~ 1>e1s<,1111t'. llr11x
;.1,~r~~ 11li~i,,11s<'s r1llt1('ltf clc"so111i11is s'1tfl'1,,11le1, C'l s,nff1cl1tl<'1 ,,,,r
1 ~ :11111rs. l\l.,l1:1111111ccl <'I IC's J\1:,1,,,~ 111t1s,1l111n11is,~s se1,,11t o],ligt~!i
'<' l<~!,.!llC'11>1 clc 1.,, I\J('( (lll~. l\l~1is llllC r<>i~ n11i,,s il l\IP,li11c, il~
11
11i1111,,11I 1,111s ff111111 cl"si1, sli111t1lt~ sn11s t~ss~ J>n1 le 1i1l,l)it1 : 1,11-
,,.,,,. ffllll!-1 ('t'llt' \illc' S:1('1'(\(' f"I t(\0(~("111><'1" lt1 l{n'J,n J)Cllll" )' 1esl1llll'('I!
:11,ri-s ,l~s sii<lrs ,1,, snc,ilrl,!t's. I<' t'11lle (l11 vrni l>ir11. J.,e 1,,l,l1i11,
s,1,l1tss1111l i1 ~'s 11111st1l111:111ist R, i11sislc nvrc f(> <'f C'<>Jt\icli,,1, s111
01
"'''' 1,1c11(' 1,l,,11. t:,-,,~:111ts, 111 l{,,'l>n, t~C'llc 111,ls111(' snc.t(~C, <'SI
1t,,1t c11l1(- l('s 111:1i11s cl(\~ 1,,,rr,~ <111i Il<' co1111ni~s<'11l 111,s ln ''t~1i1,~
1111 ,,r,i l)i(!II. ,~, 1,, 1,,l,l,i11 (li1i1te 111 l)('IISC'C (l('S (:rtl.}'lllllS ''<'r~
1".\ ,C'11i1 : <.'(~l lt 1\1,,~cf 11,~ S11c1e, t!'cst V(lll!l (JII clc,c7. l't1,c111>c1 ; il
, 11s f n,,t tl(\f 111i1c, l111lc's ces <lc,lts. l.1n 1{111,,1 ,loil 1f',lc,c11i1 1>(>111
11 " ,\1,1l><'q 11111~11l11,1111is,\s lt~ le1111,le ,lt1 ll ic11 (l'Al,1nl1n111, tl'ls11n<~ el
tlt .f;1,ctl~. cltl l>i,11 tir 1\1,,is(', lt' ,,,,,,,, cl'ls1ni.;1. ,,.,iln le 1,,11 llllll('-
fli:,t I<' ,,,s c<1111l,11ls. Il~- nt11n l>i~,, ,1,1 l111vnil 1,011,,, 1c11l1C'1' t'II J>O~-
"''~sic,11 cl11 'l'r1111,lt' cl(? l>iet, : il est c11c,,1c ,1cc111> 1,r1r lc's i,lolr"'1l1cs,
r11i c,11~:111is<11I clt~ cl:111s,s sn11vn~cs n111,,111 <le S('S 111111s . J. . cs 1icl1c~
l\lcc"fftl(l~ ,lt;fl~llS('lll lrt11 fc,1r1111c ()0111'" COll~('rVet IC'111 le1111,te. 1\11,i~
11:1I( 11cc. 111111111 ils 1111,,111 lotrl <l(~,,~11s1 ils s,,111l,1r1,,11t <'11<.(ll.(' ,ln11s
1
l:t clcr11ilc. Ils S('l'Clltl ,11irll'IIS,. S()~'('7.-Cll sOr~. V{ltl~ )('S <:1oyn11ls. J~l
(1111 ((~f.1ilc IIC 111,ll'Cllll'l'tl l)fl~ CJIC(ll'(~ J11 f]11 (le ]Cllt" llllll(1e111 : ils
1 (113) S0,11. l~XXIT, 18-21).

LA GUERl\E Ml!OINOISE 165

sc,,,111, <'Il effet, 111ssc111J,ls <ln11s ln Gl1enne. Yal1w les empilerR

f()llS lrs lt11s s111 les ntrlres. r.fol1n1111nerl 1 cot1le-1noi. Dis lotts ces
i11fi,li l('S, (Jt1'il lct11 se1n 1>01<l<ln11, s'ils cesse11t <le lttllcr cont1e les
1
(: ,. () .,\. i' 11 Is : 111 n j s s' i Is C() J1 I i 11 t I C 11 l, i Is se 1 0 n l Cl l li lis (11 ,1) CO 11lm e O l l l

t~lt~ <l,nlis l<'s n11l~ic11s (l ln).
l>1111s cr l>l(>c ''IJJ, 3(l-3~). p<>sl1ie11r n l'esca11not1cl1e <le Bn<lr, le
1;1l>l,i11 i11sisle ,l<>11c it 11ot1,,en11 s111 le l>ttl co11crcl <le la lttllc q,,e les
(:10)1 n11ls clc,ivent sn11s cesse 111cne1 cont1c les itlollr<'s. Celle i<f<.'C
11c 111ill~ t><>t11 oi11si ,li1c 1ns le 1ol,l>in : c Co1nbattez.. Jcs jusc111'
(<' (ftle' 11c s11l1sisle 1>lt1s <le lc11lnli<>n (<l'nbjttrer) (110) et q11e le Ct1llc
sc,il 1<11,111 inlg1nlc1nt'11t il Ynl1,,,. S'ils cessent, (ils seront pat'<l011-
11c~s>, <R1 Ynl1"\\ est clni1voJ'n11t en cc <ftt'ils font. S'ils lot1r11c11l le
tl,l~, s,1cl1< Z <111c Y:,J,,,,r <'~( vol1c 111uil1e l Qttel excellent 1n1lt1c !
1
(J11{ I t'Xccllc11l n11xilit1i1c ! > (117).

1
(111) Vc,ir n,1~si ~0,11. XV. l;I : c f:l 11x~ci 11c rrc,i<'11I 1,n~ r11 rct n1,tlt1c
1
t,ir11 <111,~ ~c ~oil ncro1111lli le~ ~01t l1n<lilio1111t'l <les Anciens

(1 l!l) Sn11r. VIII, 30.~9. .
( 1 1fi) 11 - 2 t 4.
,, ci r R 11 s si :i(),, r.
(117) So,tr. Vlll, 4().41.
(;. -- Jlt1\',\SSl~l\ll~S S.\NS (:()NSIS'J"AN(:I~.
l.,11ltc <1<! 1\l,,l1n111111c(I c<>11l1c lcs .J11ifR Qo1,c><J:. - I~cs r.,,1011i-

s:111ls 1,lnte11l <~11 11,1il (j25 1111 ~,,?11c111c11L asse~ c111ie11x, el l<>ln)e..
111c11l i1111>1,isil>lc 1111t111,l 011 C<>1111nil l<'s v1itnl>lcs origi11es l1isto-
1i,111cs <le 11~.tn,11 111t1l,c : l\lol111111111e,l, (le s011 pr<>\,te (-lacf, t1111nit
1,1,,,1,1 tlt111; lr111 c111:11ti.e1 i1lf1n 1111110s (c'esl-n-<111e il l'inlrict1r
111111c tic l\l<li11c) 1111 cl<'S g10111>cs j11ifs lie l\I,tin<', ccJ11i (ICR Qni-
11c,,11i (.~i, 1! !) C.,,111111c l'es gc11!i l11ic11l ttfUlis n1rx A 1,1l><'S l{l1nz1i1j,
r,, ,l1t'f tic rc11x-ci, t,\l>(I-Allnl1 il>11 (JJ>n)'Y i11rerc(l11 (1>ot1r cc~ tJ11irs),
111:,iR siltl 1i~t11111I I l .cs Q:111<>c1f1, ln11~ l<'s l1ois j,,11rs, ,1111cnl ,111it-
t,r l'c>:1sis, ,,J,n11,lc,1111;111I l1111s 1111,is,>11s, le11rs n,rn<'s cl lc111s ol,jels
,l'c,1fi-v1e1ie (!). l'l11s ,11r1,rc fflle Tln,11, cette co11flscnlic,11 s'n,,1a
1111<l11r,1sr. 1~11<' ,,,. f11I <"C'J>f.'lt(l1111I 1><>inl ~n11~ i11c.,>11v11ic11t. (:'csl c11
(fft( frr.t rr1f<Ill<'llft11f ( ... i,) fi llfltfi1 <)C CC lllOIJlCnl Cflte le l)Sll"( fl('S
,,~.,,,,r.,ilC'S, 11\'('(! '1\l;(I-J\ll:111 il,11 ()l)fl~'}' Cil tlc, ~c,11cln R~R rlt~,.,r-,1ls
,,1,:11~. <:',,si clc 1:1 :,,,~~i 'I''"
clc'l,111:1 l't1<livil,~ ,1tc11II<' ,,11 11rti,~l,c~<'t
1111,ls clr JllllS CIi ,,11,s :1~1-('SS\'C (le ('('IIX 111111c.'S /Jl'Ollf)C:-1 tic J11ifs, le~
l'!:1,Ji, tl f,, <.~c11:1ir.11 ,. (118). ,,,>111 OJllltl)'CI' lottfe ,~elle l1i~loi1<', les
c,,1n11isr111ls 11,,11s ,fr11I <1t1C'lc111rs \'<'tscls les A,lrs If l'l:;/,,111, <'Il
1,:,1li,11lic1 l<'s ,. !), R!~, R:l, ,le l:1 s<t111nlc 11 ,111c 11,,11s 1,,,,.,1s ~l1rcli~(~
crilfl\i llflfl'(' ('ll!lJ)ltf Sflf' les .r11fs lllC~CIll(lR ; IIC>tl~ ll\'flll!i IJII l'fllt!i ..
l:11(1 11l<lt"R <111e, cl:111s ,ci.~ \'(1scls, il 11'<st 1111llc111c11I 'lll('~lio11 ,l'1111c
1':1,11lsi<llt <l<'s .J11if:, 1>:11 lrs A111fJ{'~ 111t1s11l111nr1is,~s. 111r1is tl'11nt!
1,,,~~.:r11lr1lt' f'r1l1r I(-.; .J11ifs ,11x-111P111cs. J.,cs .J11ifs rr1 n11ive11l i1 R,~
f11i1c ttnc g1te11~ f1nl1i<iclc ;, 1>1,,1>nA cl11 l10,nl, ''''" (c1lni11~ ,l'e11l1c
c11x Il(' ,,c,1lt11I 1>:1s 1c<~t>1111t1il1p lc,111111c 111essngc ,,11ll1c11lic111<' clc
,;111,,,~, ~, i, 1l1,,,1,,s ,I,-.; ,\111l1Ps .i11,lr1s~s c111'ils 11e v,11lc11I 1>11s 1~cft11-.
11:1i(1t' fltJIII' f1c~l 0
('!i II :1,J111cll1e tl;lll!-1 lc'lfl ('()111111111111111~. (~c Sflll( ()Cs
.t,,ir~ 1i1{(>1islcs. fl<.'S ,,,,,r,1:1it-(ll1 ,Ji1r, (ftli 11(' V<'t1J,,11I ,,1,s(l-
'f ,,,,,.,, ~,
11,1)11111 rn~ \'()I' lcs ,\1111,c-s se lll<.?l:111{~('1' tlV('C CIi~ ,l,111s IC's ~~'ll(l-
,,,,:!IICS ri 111i ~>t1I lcair, cl'i~t,c 1nvi~ <IIIC' le 1nl>l,i11 nil l111,l11il <'11
;11nl,r Je Cc,1n11 l1c'l1r<'tt. J.. cs fncli<,11s j11ivrs (1'11/l,a 1cft1sc11I ,lo1lc
,1:1,l111cll1e l':111fl1r11li<i1,t <'l le <.111ocl1e Rnc1 ,le <'< 11~ l111(l11cli>11,
1
jJ" ftt f111r1;~C'ltl C'll llll("l111C fnflll Rllr lellls l>tacl#{n(\'C'S 1cli~Cll-
s~. 11nli,,11nlc-~, <'I 1n<inles, ln11tlis f(IIC (l'n11l1,,R .ft1irs n1>1>11<'11I J;1
111:111,111,1<' <lt1 1:1Jt,i11; clc ll,9 l'<'S lt1ltcs i11lcsli11c~ s1,(~ifi<111e111cnl
i11i,,t's . <flic les ,lc/r." 11c,11~ 1,,ilt'11I ,l,111s ln so111nle Il, v. 77-R!l. Il 11'y
,si 1111IJ,11tf't>I 1111rsfit,11 clc <.).n11,>1n, ,l'll,11 Ol>nJ'Y, ,Je l{l1nz111jt <le
N11tlir, et ,le Qo1azn : lot1l ccln csl cJc ln 1>111e fn11loisi<!.
(118) n1.Ac1111E, l.,c l'rt>l,lr11c <Ir l\f,1l1c,111rl, ,,. 100-107.

7. -- 1--'A l>l~FAl'fl! J>'<>l101) (11\INTEP.tl~s 025 ?).
(ll1o<l lnil t111c 1>elile l<lcnlil sil11e 11n pett a11 nor<1 de l\'l<linc
et c'est l q11e les 1'fecq11ois 011roic11t imnin de monter une exp-
1lil ic,11 nfi11 (c ve11,:tc1 l'nfT1ont <Jtt'ils avn1ent ret1 h Darlr. Et lc11r
1>11111 nt11nil parfnile111enl r11ss1. Les . idol tres at1raient, en effet,
1e1111>01l t1nc vicl<1i1c rctc11lisso11te sttr les must1lmaniss 1
l..'l1istc,i1e ,le l'Jslnrn a10I>.~ 1ntlinois se co111pose 1>ot1r ainsi (li1c
cle cf,,11x J>oi11ls cn1,il1111x : 111 ,,icl<,irc cles n1t1st1J111nniss sttr les <lo-
li\ l1<'s ,11~cc111ois, n llnflr, et ln revn11c11e ,le ces i(lolt\t1es contre les
11111s11)1naniss Olto<I. Not1s ovons v11 plt1s l1nt1l que les co1ani-
R1111tR 111s1ll.(1 ln J>nt11ie (les (loct11nrnts, nvnic11t s11 h1o(ler lotit 1111
10111,111 s111 l'c11gnge1nent (le Ilnrl1. Sttr Ja l>nlnille ,1'0110<1, les clort1-
111111I-.; s,1111 cnc,11e t1ioi11,1r<'s cl pl11s pa11v1es, ce qt1i n'e1npcl1c1n
1,11s cr1,t11,ln11t les 111111C's co1n11isanls ,l 1,ro<ler ttn rornnn enco1c
,,1,1~ ci1cor1slnnci I At1 ris<111e ,1,,1,1c <lJlcnse sttJlplmenlni1e <le
ll:11,i1, f'('f)lll(,IIS Je 1t\cif (ftl'f'tl r,1il Gn11clefroy-ne11101nby11cs cln11c;;
l'c,11,,1i11~,~ <111<' 11<,11s ,,v,,11~ f1fjit cill~ h 1>r<>1>os <le J1nf1t: ([..,es flfllt's
1111 l1r1s clrs pngcs so11[ (1<' l'n11lct11 el rc11voient soit n11x 1ncontn1s etc
ln et 'l'1n,lili,l11 > n1nl>~, :-;oil nt1x cc,11,1n<'nlolc111s occi,lentat1x <Jlti ll's
1l'11c,tl11isc11l sn11s nt1c1111 cs1>1it critiqt1e) :
ltcit ,le li, l,nl1,ilf1, cl'()l1c,,l, r<'co11slil11c 1,nr M. C.AUDE1:-1,o,-

f lr~"'',~'' YNt~s. ,,tn/1,,111rf, 1>. 1!lf>-14il: c I ..<'~ (J11rnicl1ilcs, .vincs
,f<, Jn 1,J11lc cn,n,r1l11ii1r <l(<iclC'11fnl", lnie11I clcicls h 11ne 1evnn-
l1C'. 11 1<'111 fi1ll11il cl'11l,01,1 01an11i~c!r ln 111i1icc (les 111erce11ni1,,s
11,,i,s, lrs Al1:1J,i~.1,. J.,rs Q111n<l1ilrs c111i n,nicnt fl<'t<lt1 1111 fils
11,,(11 (1C'111n11<lr1ent Al>tl S11fvnn
(lll 1111 r14"~1(' i'l .. et n SC"S COlll-
111:111,lil:1i1rs <le rc11c,11rc1 ;, lrt11 1>n1l fle ~nin ,Jnns ln cn1nvn11c
s:11,,,.~r. 11fi11 clc JlnJ( . t Jc111 R.lllc, cl nttRsi pot11 fncilil~r le 1C'rr11-
l<111<'11I clc g11(,11i<1s <l<~s l1il>tts allies : 1111 111issni1c r,,t
,~11,,,,,.~
- 11oln1,1111r11I n11 1"il1i\111n.
ll11P. n,111~<' <le ltclis 111ille l1,,111111eR fttl 111ise en cn1111l11g1lC'
c11 .Jn11,ic1 C,2!i : fi("J>I (~c11ls g11crriers J>orlnir.nl t111c t~ollc (I<'
111nill<>s ; il y nvnit (l()ttx CC'11r~ cnvnlic1s. U11 Q11racl1ile c111i
:,,,:1it 1111 cs(lovc n1,yssi11, l1nl,ile i, l1111ccr le jn,,c1ol h ln 111oclr
t1l,yssi11c. l11i 1>1,,111il ln lil>e1l s'il (11nit Ilnmzn, 111c111t1i<'t" (l
:,c111 ()IJcle il JJn,11. J.,':11111~c ft1l nccor111>ngnc (1'1111 co1lgC' (le
<Jt1i11zc J>nlc11f111i11~, 01"1 cle~ fc111111eR, h ln ca(lencc cles tn111l,c>11-
1i11s, cl1nnlnir.11t le~ 1111ile~ clcs 111011s <le Baclr. Al1(1 St1f),ft11
<"111111t't1nit ln sic1111e, lli11(1 (119) .

(110) XI, 1. 1383 n 1427 : IX, 2. f, 25 : XII, S, 64 et s. IV 2 a7 1~,.
3, Jf):17 ; VI, i22 ; 11, 65, 3, 22 ; III,, 8, 166.. ' ,., ' , " '

1fi.'i
1.. ISl.,\~I AJ,ARF: EN 1'1An<:IIE - I ..A GUERRE
1.. c 1,11>J>C'II, 1111e les gc11s vc11Jc11l fai1e croind1c n11x

(~()1n11
11!11r.1rl111111ls 111 ,c11,1e (l'J\l>1i S11r)n11; 111nis cela ne fait q11e grn11-
l11 lc111 rc,i. 1.. ,1 1111,lili,,,, s11it ,,,,'Al,, S11f)fln R ,lit : Si VOIIS
jclig11(>7. l\lc>l1n111111ctl, O\'('tli~scz-lc Cf IIC llOIIS 8V()llS 11111i l'nlln-
(jllt' !il11 l11i > (121)). <:<111l1e celte 1>11issn11le nllnr111e, l\(ol1n111111c,I
1r1ssc'111ll11 lo11lr~ srs fc,rcl's. Il 1,nssn ln rev11c (I<~ ses g11e11i<'1s,
1t~ll\"())"ll l<'s 1>lt1s j('IIIIC~, les lllf)II~ (le ((lll1Ze n11s, et CCl1X q11i
!~i se111l,l,1il~1,1 i11,111lrs 011 cc,111lnt (121). A11 XIII" siclf\, 11>11
1 <>11111crl, le J\l1,l1tli cl('S AJ111,ll111clcs, i11v(,qt1e1a c.<'I e:,:cr111>ll~ <111
J>1(11l1tc,, 1,c,111 rni1c nr.tc1>lc1 1,n1 ses De1l>1"cs le clt(>x <f 11'il
<,111c J>n1111i scs sc,l<lnls.
f . :, l1:1,lili,1111:l1>1,,,~lr 1111,, lr l 1 1c,1,l1~tc e11lr11clil r11 ~,,11~<', 1111c

,c,ix Cftli l11i (li,,:,il cl, l'('S((r SIII" l:1 (ll;fC'tlsi,,r, ~, il f11l IJ<'II 1rs,,l,1
il l11i ol,,~i,. (:',,r,,il n11ssi le c1111seil ,le ,Al><I-Allnl, I>. lll,nv,, t~l,cf
cl<1s l{J1117.1ntlj tI ''''S )lc1lilic111es, et 1'011 1cs1lrclnil ,1i11si .. sl1ic~IC'-
lll{'III l':1c<c,1cl c111i ,,,.<'\'c,~:til t,, <'<>n c<,t11s cl<' ln <'(>1111111111n11l
111rcli11nisc 1,,,11 c11lir1(' i, Ir, l(~fl'llSC clc ln ,,illr, <'I 11()11 i, Ill)(~
i1llnc111e. J\l:1is cls .<'llltl'S ~c11s c111i 11'nvnie11I 1>(1i11I <:<>llfflt!i ln
glllt'l' cl~ <'(>111l)al 11(' i, ll:1tl1 cl (ftti 11'n,,oie11I J>t>i11l ct1 1,111t n11
l1t1li11 1r<l11111<~,,.('lll :'1 ~n11,f<; (tis (111'<>11 nllnc111nl. 11111 (Jl>fl~'.Y 1r1,l~-
l:1il : N,,,,s ,,,, "<,11111t('S _j111,111is ~c>1tis (le tl(>l1e ,illc c,1111,t 1111
r1111(\111i s1111!i r111'il Jltil le clt'Sstrs s111 11ot1s, et 11111 11'a cl1,1,l1c~ a't
., C'ltl1r1 ~n,,~ C(tll' 11c>t1s I<' 1>1c11ic>11s s11r ]11i >. ()11 11c l'c,,111,,
,,,,i,11, qf le P1<1,l1t'-I', ('C~<ln11l 111,x ,icll c 11ls, se fit n1111c1 1>n1 Al>ft
11111:1 <'I J>itr ,\li, ,c,,~lil sn <c,11~ ,le 111 1,i(Jcs el <~rig11it sc,11 s:1l,1r.
<:<'J)C't1cl1111I fflt<l,111< 1t~flC'xio11 <~l11il ve 1111c n11x 1,111lis:111s ,le l'11l-
l:1<111c q11i, 111i,i11l('ll:111I, l1,~sil11ic11l. <:c r,,, l\t,,l111111111cc1 (JII
clc"cl:11r1 f(ltc .. 1t,,il11 IC' S<'s a11111cs, il 11c 1<l~t1l,1,1il t>ns et CJt1'il
1111:,it 111n1tl1<'t' ;, l'r1111C'111i. ~ .i\1,(1 All1,l1 1,. lll,1,~')P Sl' 1<li1n 11,'Cl:
l1c,is CC'IIIS lt()l11111C'S ; i\l(tl1:1111111ctl ('Il C()llSCrv11il s,,,,1 (~('llls tlc1-
1ii11(' l11i, cl,111 ci11,111a111lc 111cl1t1s cl clettx cn,r1Ji<'1-s (122). Il
11l1111il 1C'ft1~i' l'i,i<lc ,1'1111 ~1ot111c (le .ft1ifs ; l'n1111nlisle <~ile Jlot1r-
ln11t le 11,,111 <le l<'tJ:,: l'c11l1c t~1,x <111i r,1r<'nl ltt~s ,11111~ le c,1111-
l,nl. (..,~s At1R cl IC'~ l{ltn7.rn<lj e111{'11I (: l inc1111 ll'ltt lc11<lnr<I, ,11,c
,~ P1clpl1'te 11()110, C()llllllC l IJ:,,I,. Il C(}l1nn le sic11, c'csl-n-,li1c
l'(l11i cles E111ig1s, h 'Ali <>tl h ~ltt'nl, (12~).
Ds ll'S 1>1~111C'1s 1>1ts, 1111 s11l>1c li1 (le so11 fc,1111rnt1 nt1 l)1111-
cl1ic1 cl't111 g11~11il't" 1>nr le 111<>ttvc111e11I (l'11nc (Jt1e11c <le cl1e,11l
( 120) 1, 3. 107 : 11, r, !i : :1. :i 3 ; 11 J, 8. 3 80.

(121) XI. 1, l:191 ; IX. 1, 1. 27.
(122) XI, t, 1387 ; IX. 2, I, 2R ; XII, !i. 07 ; 1. 3, 138 ; 11, fit, 18 ; Ill. 8,
1 1
(123) XII, 2, DO ; 1.XIV, 18.

LA OUERRE PtlDINOISB 16!1
nv11it sC'111l,l l1e tin l1et11ct1x nttgttrc. Un i11cidenl l'effaa : en
<t11li1111nnl sn r<>ttle, le P1opl1tc possn par le cl1emp d't1n
l1<>111111c c111i l'i11s11lln. I ..e (>101)l1te em1>cl1a de le t11er en disant:
c l .. nisst"z-le. Il est nvc11glc <111 c11r comme des yet1x >.
l\fc,l11,111111enrni-
1-.11ie11l <lnns ln 1>l1,i11c. Il 111it e,1 rserve l~s cinq11ante arcl1c1s
s,,11s Al>. Z11l,air, nvec l'<>1,J1e (le ne qtailler le11r J><>slc
sc>t 1s nt, <~1111 1, r texte cl <1e l10 ,rel e1 l'en n e111 i <le lettrs fl cl1 es.
(.,C's <J11r,1icl1ilC's i11sti1ll1e'11I Jcttr cn,111> s111 ttn terrnin sal el
i11c1111,, C'l1l1c l\l(li11e l'i li, 111,>11lng11e <1'()110<1 ntt l>or<l d'ttn wci.
J.,rs fc1111nes s11ivaient l'1,1111e, e11 cl1er1tn11t : c Pottr qtti vn <le
1:1,11111, 11,,s c111l,1n!isr111r11ls : si Vfl1ts to11111e7. le <los, not1s vo11s
):(J1c,11s, fl'ttJ1 lnct111gc ll(lll Olll()lltetlX .. > (12 11).
1.. ,, cl:1lc fi<' Ir, l,ntni11<\ csl nss111e 1>nr 1111e cliJ>S~ <le )11ne, le
1!)-2{) 11ovc111l>1~ fi2!l. T... n l1n<lilion nl>oncle en dtails qt1i cx1>li-
111,11I (1111111c11I Allnl, n i,,nig,~ s<111 E11vo)' ln 1t1clc pre11vc
cle lt1 <l<;r11ilr, ~, ,111i 1n11,~ll(11l t,,s no111s <les g11cr1iers qtti c,11t
t c111 l, n 11 t I n ()JI o <1.

J..,es 111e111ie1-s C'11g:1~c'111c11ls f11rrnt fnvo1alllcs n11x 11111st1l-
111:111s <~I l,ie11 (ftll' C"fl111111:111(l<;s 11nr J(l1li(I et flnr 'll{ri1nn, lcs
<,~t11:1tl1!I(~ Jl1i1e11l 111 f11ilC'. Jli11tl et les nt1l1es fcm1nes <lestcn-
cli1c11I ,le IC't11s cl1n111C'n11x r.t ~c ~nt1vr1e11t pC'rcl11ment: c ,TC' lrR
11i v11rs, 1n1>1,01le 1,11 rcl1l1l,nlfn11I, Jever leR jR111l>c, C'I 1nonlr<'t"
l(. ,1,:-1 l,1,1rr.1C'ts <le f>r. Mnis les nrcl1r1~, crni~11011t (1C
11'n,f>i1 J>c,i11I 1>n1I ,111x <lc''11011illC's <leR voi11c11~, dcscC'11rlire11I
,l:111s ln 1>l:ti11c' ,,1 111i1('11I IP. flfRot"<l1c ,lnns les rnng~ cle~ 111t1s11l-
111;1 ,,~. A1>(1 S11 r~,f\ n cl J{ 11{\ Jid 1nn1~111en t lrt1 rs l,!t1er1ic1~ ntt
,0111l,nl. f.cl11i-ci re1>1il l'r1sprct J1nl,il11cl <lrs hnlnill<'s nrnl>C'S :
IC's ~~rriC't~ ~'<'11t1c111<~le11I, s'i11l~111<'ll<'nl, Re 11rovoq11e11t f"I ~c
liv1c11l n <les <ltt<'ls ~n,11,?111111~, tn11(lis qt1'AI,() Sttfy~n, fnisn11I
n111,<'I 1111x A11x el 11ttx l{l1nz1n<lj, les i11cile n nn11tlon11cr
l\lt1l1n1n111ed.
tJ11 ~rot11>c ,le .iet111cs ~ftli1,,,i~. ,l~s nvn11I 1<~ co111l>nt, nvnil
((11ill la1 villl~ <'I s'lnil joi11t n l'R1111e q11roicl1ite so11s ln C(l11-
<lt1ilc clc Al>t 'A111i1, tin 11c1sonnnge <lonl on n <lj ,lit )P, 110111:
s,,11 s11rno111, Je Solilni1e, in<liq11e q11'il tnil de ceux qt1i 111~,li-
lr1i<'nl s11r les cl1oses 1cli~ict1<;cs; 1nois sn 111dilotion ne l'nvnit
11oi11t lc,t1111 ve1!i l'lsln,n el 1\lol1A111me<l Je s111nommait l'IJr-
li,111<'. Il s'nvn11~0 n11 111('111ie1 rnng <les Q11racl1ites, en 01,11e-
ln11I les l\fcli11<>s n <.11:111,:{er <le Cnlllf>.
(121) IX, 2, 1, 28 ; XI, 1, 1307 et 1400.

171)
1.. l~I.A~I AIIAllf~ EN ~1-~llf:llt: - LA GUEI\RH
()11 nt1lt1111 clc'~ clc11x lr11(lnt<ls les cltefs. Al>1l St1f.1,ft11

~c 1,nl
r,,it 11,>111( r111x -t ,\l>I 1,,l-<lfl1 ,le ln fno11 J>ilc11se (lont ils 011t
1
1<'1111 l'i IC't1cln1(I h Jlnl1 ; IC'111 1101le-ler1<J:1r<l, 11>11 A1>i 1"nll1n,

1
rsl l11 1>n1 ,\ li. Al,,1s 1111t? lt<,111,c' s'<:'ln11cc s11r le 1>01le-let1<ln11111111111111, ~111\'111, 1,. lJ111111,,,,,i
esl 1,,~ ; ~,, 1>lr1ce rsl nt1s-
silc")I 1>1isr, S('lt,11 1,,s 1111s 1>,11 ',\li, sclo11 les nt1l1c~ 1>n1 l111 ,111ge.
l\lc>l1:1111111r,l C'sl l,lciss cl le l,111it cle :-111 111c,1t ci1c11lc. Il 111s-
sil i, fni,r 111,c 1elt11ilr-J1c,11,,1i1l)lc, 11011rs11i,,i 1,01 1111 fnnnli,111c
c111i n,nit <lit : J,, 11c sc11,i 1,oi11t sn11f s'il J'esl >. I.J', . scltt\'e
a1l1~ssi11 '\'nl1<:l1i s'nflntl1n n11x J>ns <le 1111111,;n el 1~1t!isit n le
ltt('t; il ,c11nil Ir ~11g11r1 ni11si si, li JJetl (12!'i). Il se 1cli1c l11
~01111,ot ,,i,i] 11'11 ,,11,s 1it'II n f:ti,c. 'J"1011v Jlat lrs r.Jt',Ill(ls. il
rsl n111r11~ tlc\:1111 le flrc,1,l1lc 11t1,111rl il r,,it 1>1,frssi,,11 <I<~ f<>i
11111!ittl111:111c ; c.tl11i-JIS('llc tic 11c j:1111:1is 1,l11s 1c1>t11ni-
lrc n ses ~r11x. '''11l1<l1i st~ le li11I t<>ttt (lil ; 111nis il r<'1>n111l 11Jl1s
,,, 1110,t le 1\l,1l11,111111c'(I cl ("C f11I ,,,i (jlli lttfl le rn,1x (>1c,1,l1i!IC
I\J11s11li111n. li 111c,11,11l i, llc,111\ (1~1,1,~se), cl il 11tc<,r1l11il V(>lc,11lie1s
st's l1n11ls fa,ils cl,111s les i11lc1,,:1llcs lt1ciclcs Ille l11i lttissttil Sf>tl
i ,1<1g11C'l'C" (12(,).
J . 11 ltncli(<>tl ll(lllS flf>Jll'Cllcl <fllC le C0l1>S Je llfllllZR fltf litv
1lat1 les n11g<'s, <'c 1><)111(111c)i il est n1>1>el nl-gl,,izi/. r.rr,is rllc
sr,il n11ssi 111'il tl t~I(~ 11111lil 1,nr lli11,I, <JtJ l11i ,, clt1vc1t Il~ vc11-
t1c <.' 1><,11, le 111n11g~r ; elle 11c 1><~11l l',,,,n ..
ltt cl lt" c1n(~l1r. Al,1"'1 S11r)'1111 ll1i-111<~1,1c 1><t11ssc <l,lnig11ct1sc111r11t
111 1>t>i11I< tic ~11 li111,<' <11111s 1:, 1,,lt1cl1e cllt cn(l11v1c, -- ~este q11i
<'~l ~c11<'1nl<'111e11I J,ln11t(~ (12 J). lli11cl fnil <l<l11 n ,vi,l1tl1i <le ses
l>1i1trltls C'I cJ,, srs n,111rn11x ,le 1>itI ; elle les 1r1111,Jnce 1>n1 ,l~s
l'>lli,,,s clc 11c7. ('I cl',11<illC's , ,,,,,t~s s111 les 11,,,,ls. 1.-C's nt1l1~s
fc111111r~ fJ11tncl1il('S s'11<11n111c11t l1 rcR 11111tilnlio11s. Ili11cl, 11ssisc
s111 1111 1clt'l1e1, <l1n11le, n,,ec <'IIC's, l1l vi<.loirc (128).
IJcs ficlJes cl11 fl1'01,l1i,f~, n,'r< A1,t JJnlc1, '()11101 cl "fol 1111, 011l
111ssi h l'c111111r11c1 ~111 1111 l"C'flli le ln 111011lng11c 111i esl i1111c-
ccssil>lc n11x ().111~1ill1ile~. Ils s(>11t se11t l~111ig1s cl ~e(ll A11~ft1,
tlo11t ln l1n,lilio11 11 l'n11sc'1,<' l~s 11tlJt1s (129). l)c l'n1111fc 111l1s11l-
111n11{' 1111 lie,~ rsl 111,,11, 1111 I<'l'S est t,lrss<', 1111 IC'ts <'si (\Il f11il( 1,
lit 1(' c.. l11011i1111~111, 1111i 11c ile 1>cli11t le 1>1is(>t111ic1~. I~r~ ,,i,i11-
1tl't11s se 1,nvi111C'11l s111 le tl1n11111 (Ir l>nlnillc et i111,,11ellc11I le~
s111,,ivnr1ls. l\lJ1lg1c~ l'<t(1rc ,le l\lt>l1i,111111c,1, '0111111 l'(~ftfJ11c1 it A l>t
St1f)ft11 1111c Il' ll1-f>t>l1lc est ,i,,n,11. l . . c cl1ef fJtt11,cl1itc 1>10-
(12!'i) XI. 1, 13n!J, 11111 (I 11,,7 : IX,:!, r. 29 cI :If : XXV, 3 370. 1

(120) XI. 1. 140!,: IX, 2, 1, :lfl; Il, 61, 2~; I l 8 222 ri~.; Xlr, 3, 7(;.
1
(127) XI. 1. 1~19.
( 1:! 8 ) X ' 1 1.f O!l. 1 t I fi S( 1. : 1X 2. 1 :i 2.
1
(120) 11, 02, 7. 5; Ill. 7, i22 ; IV, 11. 139.
LA OUERI\B M6DIN01SB

171
cln111c fflle les 111<>tls <le lln,lr sont vengs ; si les 1nt1sulmu11s
vc11IC'11t venget les Jet1rs, 1-e11<lez-vot1s Bn<lt l'an 11rochain (130).
l>es l1islo1je11s 011l t ton11s qtt'Abi\ Sttfyn n'ait point
111)t1rs11ivi j11s(Jt1'n11 J,011t sn victoi1e, tu l\1oha1nmed el J>ill
l\fr<li11c. J>o11r to1111>rc11<l1c sn 111otl1alio11, il fe11t lenir co1111>lc
clc ln co1n1>lexil ries fnits. L'cJtt>licnlion <111i vient d't1e <lon-
11<~c est t,rs vnlal)le : les 111<111s de Da<11 sont vengs : l'J1onne11r
(les Q111ncl1ilcs el (le lcttrs tlie11x est sottf : c Nous nvo11s
111-'()zzn, c1ic Al)t S11f.}fi11, c11x, ils n'ont point de c OzzA 1 > ce
1111i ('~I ll1rsc111c 1111 jtt1 tic 111<lls ('l~za = p11issance). Allal1 n'est
tllt1s le lo11l-1>11issn,1l, nl-,Aziz. l~n cl1ercl1n11t n envnl1ir el pille1
l',,nsis le f\f~(lit1(', Al>t Sttf)t'\11 savoit (]tt'il sol1lvernil to,1te ln
1>11>11l;1li(>11 ccl11l1c l11i. l.,cs ,:{Cils (l'llln tJl,n)y, qtti s'taient rcli--
t('s lt1 c,>111}>1,t, t'11lr1(11l <'11 11gocinlion nvec lt1i po111 vilc1
le r>ill:,gc (lill).
1\1,,111,111111<'<1 Jlc11sc n 11l,ntt(l(lt111e1 le ~01ps 111t1lil (ls llu111zo
111,x 1,lc~ H:1,,,,,,~c~, ~, fll.<llltl'l1 llll j<,111 (le lo vicloi1e 1>ro-
<l1;1i11~, (le 11111lilr1 l1c11l(~ c11clnv1('s (~11n 111is. Mnis )A rvlnli<,11
1
(f(scC'11cl: Si v<1t1s i11nigez le 11101, infligez le mme c111c ccl11i

<r11c ''(lllS nv<'z s11l>i ; 111i,is si vo11s le Sllf>portez avec llOlie11cl',
c<' s(tn 111cillc111 ll(l\11 1<'~ 11ntients >. J..,e f>1opl1te fait enterrer
s,,11 011tlc. l)c 1cl,lt11 il J\l,~,li11<', il ,,11le11() les fe111111es des A1lf1r
fl1t,11c,11lc1 les ln111c1,tnlions sttl" le111s 1nor fs ; elles l' mle11l le
11<,111 l'i l'flogr <le Il1,111z1l, et le PropJ1le les bnit (132).
l\lc,l1n111111ctl 111111011cc i, lJ111ni111a ln 11101t lie ses p1ocl1es ; elle
y r~po11(I lottl (l,nl>ot(I 1>n1 <les fo1n1t1les J>iet1scs d'invocnlio11.
(..~t1t111(l elle n111>1e11cl IA mort de son 1nnri, Abd All11l1 b. Djn'<l1,
rll(' f)(lt1sse (lr~ r.1is el (les ln111enlnlior1s; Mol1nmmecJ dci<le (le
l11l111111c1 nt11,1s (le Jln111zn, cnt il,, l 111t1lil co1nr11e l1,i (1:l:l).
l .. 11 q,,1,1,n (co11p<>le) qtti 1ct:011vre le to1nl>en11 <le IIa111zn, loil,
1rcc111111c11l enc<>re, 1111 liet1 (le t>le1innge: l-lan1i<lt1llnl1 o v11
;, cct ,le lt1i 1111 n,111l' f<1111l>eAt1 poltt lrs et1lres c/111/rod".
1.. n l1"0(lili,11 nli<1c ~oil qttl~ ln l>lcssl1re <le Mol1R111111en1 l-..nli111n, <ftli IA panse nvec t111 cl1ifT011 l>rtl,
l:111(lis <111c 'Ali vc,sc l'(n,,, l\10l101n111e<l ncco1npnR11e erlst1ite l<s
f'
r(' 1111111 s 11 i' s 111 1C C J111 l l 11) CI C 1) n In i 11 et V i en ne 11 t (' l l n iCI C nl l X
l,IC'ssfs, 'Ailltn et U111111 f{(llll111111 lc11r ,lo1111enl boire (131). Il
)' ct1l s,,ixn11le-clix 111,lt"l!-1, cc q11i rsl ptovi<lenlic), cnr c'cRt
cx11t~fl'ltt('tll le l1tlio11 tics soixttnle-<lix Qt11nicl1iles lt1s o Dn<lr.
(1:10) XI, 1,
14l!l; XIT. :l, 700: 1. 3, 138 cl J17.
( 1:l l ) X1. 1,
1'10 9 ; X . 4 (i R ; X X I V. 1 , 1 7R.
( 132) 12 : X 1, t, J 420 : IX, 2. l, 3 t.
1. l 0,
( 133) 14 22 : 1X, 2. J , :i () : X I 1, 3, t O1
:X 1, 1
(13-t) JX, 2, 1, 34 ; Il, 0'1, 24 l1is ; Ill, 8, 225.

I. ISl.\'f ,\11\ltl; l:N 1'1:\ltf:111~ - f.A GUEflllE
l\l,,11:tllllll('cl . ,,,,,t~,l1:1 .,(' 1,,111:;111,,,. lrs COll)ft il l\Ir,li11c : ()Il les

C'lll<'11:1 C>il ils 1'l;1i,11f 0
0
lf1111ltt 'S. (l,1JX IIIIIS, c11rc,tts cltlllS ln lll~lllC

rt)S'lC, ftll'Cllf 1tl111ll\ 'S fJll:lltCI flll l'l'CIISll le f{f1n1rt/<lf1 (<~f. 11f111).
l\lr,l11111111tr111111c ,a11 I<' f11isnit
cl'c,1,li1111i1r : r>11 l1s C'l1~c,,C'lil cf:111~ ,le ~1n11cl<'s ft,sse~ s111 )('s-
1
1t1<'llcs le l t1l1~lc ,,1,111,,1,,~n s,,i~n11lc-<lix fois ln l,,/1,it/'' l)ettx
lt)IIStll111:111s 11!--!l'~ :1,nir11t f ((~ llSS(~S ('Il n11ip1e O\'PC }('~ fr111111es
cl lrs <'11f1,11ls ; J>(>,11ln11l ils s,,11l nlls <."0111l1nll1e : 1'1111 l'et1x
n t~I P lt1 1>111 lt~s <,l111:1,l1ilcs, l'i111l1c, Jlnt c11c111, ,, Jlti <le l11
tt111i11 ,1'1111 11111sttl1111111. 1\l,1l1n111111p,J Jlnie so ,1,!Jfl, (1l1ix cl11 s:111g),
,,., ils S()lll l'llf('t'l'(~S ('IIS<'ltll,1,,. ()11 lll() lllre ('ll('(lrC le t()llll)eOtl
,J,s ,le11x vicill:11,ls >.
,~., J)nss,1111, l":111111,lisl(l 11:111(' l'rl1n11(r. l1is1,,i1(' ,,,, .J,,if (;tl'4-
lll1ll,. 1'11,,111111,, ,1,,,11 ,.,, 11r snil 1n~ ,l'clil il ,,i<'11I ri ,l,1111 le P10-
11l1rl~ tlisnil : (:',.~, 1111 110111111,, 111 fc11 >. JI ,,,n l111il Olt Of'tlf
,.l111ntl1ilPs ct r,,, ~it,,,r111P11I l>lrss~ ; ('()lllllle 011 l'PllC'(lllln~Pnil
<'lt l11i a11111011,:n11I lP l,r,11l1e111 fttl111. il 11lo11<lil r111'il 11r. co111l>nl-
l:1it ffll(' fl('III" l'll<lllllC'III' ,J~ Sflll JlPl1JllC >, ri, Il(' ll()l1Vfllll S11Jl-
l)Cll"f('J ln ,l,11,lr1r1 ,If'~"" l,tc~s111e~, il s'o11,,1it lPs ,ci11C's nvcc
1111r flPrl1<'. F.11 :1tl111rt1n11I si, ll101t .. ~T,1l1n111111r,l lil : .T'nltr~le
flllf' ir st1is ,1:,i111p11I l'I:11,,l,'' ,l'Altnl, > (12!,). tJ11 n11l1e .T11if,
l\f11l<l1n1ir1. rc,111l>:1llit cln11s les 1n11gs 111t1s,1)111nr1s, l>ic11 ln ,,,,r.
ll:1lnillc- f(1t li,rrr 1111 ~OlllC'(li. Tt r,,, ,.,~. Il lnissnil ses J,ie11s fi
l\f,ll1n111111('fl 1111i lrs <l~flC'11sn r11 111,11111es (1:ll.
D<'vn11I 111 ,frf:1ilc. 1<' Jl11,1llt-l" n ,~ngi Ir lo11lc ~n fo1<c
l'n111e : c'rsl ln fnil,lrs~r <1<' lr111 fcli rr11i n rntls<~ le 11111ll1e111 ,lt~
l\J~clj11c,is. r,n llP,'t~l:11i,lll l'~ll<'IC .,,,'ils ,loiv~rll s',,,1 l'f'lllCll1r i,
,\fini, : Nr \'ClllS ,.,.,), ('7. ,,,,~ rnil1I<'" el lie ''(lllS nrnig()7. JlOlll :
0
''(lllS n,r~ )(' ('('""lie; si \'t)l)S rlf'S r1<,,n11fs ., . Si /\ 11n1, \'(llls nicl~,

11fl11I clr ,ni11,111c~111~ c:;111 \'(111~ : s'il , ,o,1s 11l,n11<lc,1111P, f(llf'I Pst
,rl,,i r111i OJJ1\s l11i ,,l11c; ,ir1,l1;1 f'll ni,lP ? J\]rl1s r111't111
111nfl1('111 ,011~ ntlri11I, rtlflt'~ rr11r ,01,s !'ll n,'r7. J~jh c;,111IT<'rl ,lc11x
f(lis n11lo11I. ,,011" ,lilc'": J)'c,1"1 ''"' ,<'lo ? J)is: \.C'l:1 <'~1 ,1<\ vo11~-
111P111C'q >. F.I 1,,s f'(tllllllf'lll:1lrtt1s cl11 \.Ol'flll s'n<'r'(ll'CIPrll l1c111- n
,.('J.. ,ln11c; flr,,~ ,r,~i<'I~ 111i 11r ~r,111 1ns ("lr1i1~, fies nll11c,io11s il
l:1 ,rlrnil<' lr l\fnl1:1111111r,1 "''<'<' 111, ~10 111," <le n,l<'IC's ri n11ssi 1111~
ll~{.?O('nlions cl'Al>ti s,,r,n11 OV<'C
Ir~ l\ Jr,ti11ois (137) . J,rs 11111s11t-
1,1n11s !,c,1,1 lll11li~ flfllll" 'n't,c Jl(J11I ,rsls st11 ln ,lrfc,,1~i,C', Otl
f 1:t 5) X 1. 1 f 2:1 : 11. fi 1, :l O. R : 11 f. R, :1 f) :J.

(l:lfi) 1. 3. 120 ri c; ~ " ' ' 2. 1fi5.
( 1:l 7) 1 3. 1~ 3, 1:l :i. 1 1S, 1fi 1, t ft !l, 1fi 7 ; X, 1, Ct !l c t ~. ; XXI V, 1, 17 :l ;
\ \. , 1, 9 5 ; ,, 1, 12 1.

LA GUERRE M~OINOISB 173
l)ic11 )>(>111 11'ov,>it J>lls llt les 111ison11icl's tfe Datl1 (138). El la
l1'fl(liti,>11 soit 111111c <Jlte les n11ges s011t vc1111s 01,od, n1ais sn11s
1) I. C l l ( 1l e J) ll l" l ll l I CO 111 l) n l.
l ... cs Q111ncl1ilcs 011l lniss i, ()110<1 vi11gt-l1ois 1norls et t111
1>1is<>1111ic1, Al)tt'()zz (<>tl 'Jzz) nl-l)jnl1111i. C'est tin pote :
111n11<l Al)t) St1fyfin 1ec111lnit sc,11 01111c. il avait l1sil le st1i-
,,,.l' ; il nt11ait t J>lt1s V(>l<>11lie1s cl1ez les l(ir1nn cl1ante1 (les
,,~s i11s11lll111ls 110111 ftlc1l1n111111e(I et Jcs nppele1 le con11Jalt1c:
c'est <ll111c 1111 l1<>111111e <lu11gt'1et1x, q11i nvait t dj caplu1 il
J\n<l1 cl q11c M<>l1111n111c<l n,nil 1elcl1. II le fait tuer (13!>). Mais
l\lt,l1n111111c(l esli111e fJttc, sel<)ll ]u ))01111e rgle, il a qt1atre 111i-
g1s il vc11gcr el J>n1111i et1x s<>11 011cle Iln111za qt1i en valtl ce11l.
JI )' n l,en11co111> l'nssr,s~i11nls e11 ces jot11s s01111es. C'est 1111c
\'('ltg<!lllll"C JlCl'S(lllJle)I(! (Jll f)()tlSSe Je ~ f e<lllOS al-]ln1ill1 )).
S1,,,,i110Jilt'1 cltt <lsot(lre 1>0111 venger so11 p1e, ltt
111,gt11c clt111s 1111c bul1,illc c11l1e les At1s el les l{l1oz1ullj, c11
nss,1ssi11a,11I nl-l\lt1tlill<ltli11 el Q11s I>. Zn<l ; il pnsse cns11ite (ln11s
l',11111e 111elclcoisc. J>lt1s tn1cl, il e11t l'i1111>1t1dence de 1evc11i1 n
Qt>l,11 cl 1\t,,l10111111e11s <lil le cl11c>11ic111e111, le 11111czzi11 dt1 I>101>l1le convoc1un to11s
ce11x <Jtti t1v11ie11l 1>ris I>ttrl i, 1111e soi1c en or1nes (140) ; il fol-
1:,il 111011l1e1 aux Qt11ncl1iles C(tte l,ne1gic (les 111t1s11l111n11s
1,'tnil c11 1ie11 al>nllttc. A l1t1il 111illcs sur le cl1en1i11 <le ~fel<l{e
i, ll,11111i1 nl-Aso(I, l\1t,l1n111111e(l cn1111>n (lenclo11t trois jottrs, c11
,,llt11111111l <le g1n11cls fe11x con1111e p,J\11 t1ne t1011pe fort 11t>111-
l,1('ttsc. J..,es Mclcl,ois e11 ft11c11l i11ro1111s et ce1loins d'c11l1e et1,c
,<111l1t<'11l 1e1,1c11l1c C(>11lucl nvec l\1ol111111111ecl 1>011r e11 fl11i1 n,,ec
1,1i. J\111 is i I ra 111 e 11 n t 1 n n <r11 i 11 e 111 c 11 t s n t ro l i l >e M <tin e c l cc t lc
l,1ov1t<lc, cJtli 11011s sc111l,le 11n 1>c11 1i<lict1le, lotrrnn en s0111n1c n
s:1 l-(l<,i1l~ . l)t11n11l ces c111cl111es jou,s, (>n <lit q11'il co11fio ln gn1IP
clc l\l~li11(~ i, Il11-A1111 l\l11ltff1111. Ibn A1111 Mnlctl\111, ftal, nv'C
lliltl, 1'1111 les cll't1x 1,111c1.zi11R (ltt (l1u1>l1 le. J>ot11 celle cx1><li--
li(111, le l,1,,11l1lC' atvnil 11()t1 l'te11,ln1l1cli11s, et Mol1nn1n1erl f11t t1s
vivr111c11l 111<>cc111> <l'11ss111c1 lct11 exislc11ce. Il n1>1>n11,il r1t1c
l~'csl <le ln (Jttc clnlc11l lcs 11c111vclles cu11acits st1ccesS01nles
tlts fc111111es (l ,J2).
(l:IR) Il, fi-1. IR ,I ~.; 111, M. 211; XXV. 2,253.

(l:1!,) IX. 2, 1. :J(;; Xlf, ;), c;1.
(lf()) XI, 1, 1117 cl 1431 ; XII, 2 167; sirn ,l1nl n l,}a, 1,312 1.. VIJ, 14f).
1
( 1,t 1) 1X, 2, 1, 3 4.
(112) I, 4, 8 i V, 1, 196 rt s.; Juynl>oll 238.
1i 1
1. ISl.,\~r An:\08 J-:N ~IAlt(:IIR - LA GUERRE
Ne ,1c>i111il-c,11 1,11-; c1r1c esl n11ivt~ 1 J\lnis ,,11i, 10111 tcln

lt>11I ('l'l11
tsl 1111i, f l\lr1is ,,11i, lc,111 ('tl11 tsl n1ti,, (ln11~ l'i111ngi11nli,,11 clcs
cc1111111t11l11lc111s c1,1i c,111 r,1if ,IC's 1c11111111s 1>0111 1e11,l1c J>ltts ,,i,,n11l
cI 1>l11s c<,11t1rl I<. l<'xt,, cle <'(' ,111'il:-1 c1,,ynir11I le (~,,1n11, 111nis <Jt1i
,,lst 1>ns lt~ (:,,11111, slc,l11l 1>111e-
111<'lll cl(>~111nli111t, r1',,111it 1111llc111c11l nlli1 1>n1 les 1,1c;isio11s l1islo-
1i,111,s. J.. E-s r,,111111411l:1i1cs tlc's c,,1n11isn11ls - 10111 le 111<>tt(le le snil,
111,'111c ce,,x fftli les f11l,1ic111<'11t el les t1 tilisenl - 11c co11stit11e11t
111'1111 1r11111lissngt i111ngi11ntir ,1"1111 le~lc sntls 11cr,,111e. NtltlH, 11011s
,,,. ("()11111\SSf)IIS (I llt' ,.,.,,1,111s ('()llllnil1e, (lOI" l)l'()l,il,~ i11telle<!l11ellc,
t111'1111c s~t,lc ~<>111<r, l:1 s<'tll<' r111i cxisl~, (ftti Sl>il le 1,l11s 1>1clcl1c <l<~s
t\'C'l)('lll('tll~i, l,s ,,,.,, ..~ ,Ir I'/."'''''' l'(;llif.,!rs llOI" 1111 1111,l,ir, . 1111 r,,,. el
i, 111ts111r. 1111 clc'111l,,111,11( (l(s f11ils. 1;:1 ,111<' 11,111~ clisc11I <'s ,t,~/r..~
~-111 ltl l,nt11il)(' I'( >l,.,.1 ? llC'111111cr11c,11s tc,111 cl'nl,c,1(1 ff li<' le 111IJl>it1
11':1 j:111,nis ,,,.,,,,,,11t<~ lt' 110111 cl'()l1<,ll ,l,111s ses 1\rlr..~. ()11 y l1<>t1ve le
11c,r11 cl(' l\:1cl1, cl1111s l:1 sc1111 ,t, Ill, 11~), 11111is C)II v <l1c-1<l1c111il c11
,r1i11 1,, 111<'1,li,>11 11c,111i11:1lc ,le' t)l1e1cl. 1..:, lc<~l,11< <lc'S 1\cI,.~ 11c~ ()(11111a1

ja1111nis <(llC 11c111'-; f(111111it <l(s clc,1111,,cs 111>1>1,xi111nlives.

l)'o1,1-~ llllt('llf'l'P, l:1 s,,,1111lc ,,,,,, ('()llllllC llOtlS l'al\'()11S ,lil 111-
,.,,c1e111111c11I, se 11lntr111il r11 111n_jr111e J>i11lic c11l1,l IJ:1(11 c'I l'ex1lcli-
lic111 viclo1i<t1sc ,ll'S l\lcl<kr,is i, (>11,,tl (t 1:J>. l . . c l,lt1c :J()-3~) ,le la s,111-
1t1le VIII 1>01tc rc,11111,c lilac l:111s li, l111,l11clio11 ,le lllncl1!1~ : R:11l-
1,1I n l\lol10111el, ,,,,,,,,, ()11,,,1, (l('S :1gissc111e11ls Jln~S(~S (1,s )l<)l)rll1t'S-
1,s 111el<lc<1is >. Ai11si le \'. !l() : (n:11>1><~llc-loi) ((llOll(I C(ltlX q11i S()lll
i,,ri,l<'lc~ 11111cl1i1111icr1I <,111l1e 1,1i ,.,,111 l'nfT,,1111i1 011 le t11e1 <>tt t'cx-
,,,,lscr >, ,,,111111,il, (lil-c>11, sr 1:1ll;1rl1e1 n11x ,~,,11('111e11ls ,,1,i 0111
,,,t1
1
'l!t:'cli? l l~t'II<'(' cil' ())1()f) > (111). 1)(, lllPlll(' l<'s '' !lfi-:l!) C()lllC'll-
lll'lll sn11~ <l,ltll' 1,c,ssillc, 1111c ,,111,si,,11 n11~ 1>1<'1,11rnlifs (les f\lclc-
1, c) is n v n n 1 ( >11 cl 1 > ( 11fi) .
:1(\. C:l'll~ c111i s<111l i11ficlC'lcs clc\J>C'Jtsr11I IC',11s l,i<>11s 10111 <~<'n1l<'t
<111 C.l1c111i11 cl \'1111,,t;. Ils les cl<~1,c11sc1,,11l 1 Jlt1is, st11 c11x, sc1t1
1111r l:1111c11l,1li1,11 <'I e11s11il<' ils ~c1c,11l vni11c11s.
(11:t) 111.,,,:,ri-:nF.. ,,,,. ,il., 1. Ill, 1. H:!ti. i,,1,,,cl11,lic111 ,, 1:, ~(11111,I< \ 1 111 :
, ((:rII<' sel111ntt) t'sl 1111 :,~"11111,ln~t' cl,,.,,,,,.,,.~ 1i,ilnlic11,~ ~,,:c-rilits ~,,il ,,,,,.
1, "cci'~ cl.- ll,1,11 ~,,,. le~ 1'4>1)11,,i~lcc;, s1il 11:,r I<'~ ,(11f'111c1llc; (llli ~c 11lr1-
(\llltr 1111 ~11<ci~ cI l f'!'tJ1i1lili111 ,i l<ll''IIS(\ clr~ l\ltkkis :1 (lll1I :,
1
1 1111
,,.,,,1nrqtt(lO~ cl:111~ tcllc 11(11( 1,~,,,r"~Ctll rtl1,lnlin1,.t ..,,,~,ilrr~. Il (\~, lirfl~
11
,il( tic ~,, l'<'li~r11lt1 1:, ,i1!11ifl111lict11 1,cllc scil 1,l,il>st11l1ic11t<', ~,il ll1iolt>
1i,,,, <I~ 11;11tillr <'~11,~,i,,11. l':11 11illtt1r4;, J\l,,t,n111111r,I 11':1 j:1111:,i~ .,,, ,tn,111<'!-I
1 ,.,.,,1n1io11~ (111<' Ir~ ri-tilc; l11 1:,l1l1i11. 1~111111, n,1,1111~ li~1lc <l<s ,lclr.s ,le l'/.';111111,
11'n f:,11,nl~ tir rti1,, 11n1 le 11,n1i ,le l(l1nclicljr1.
(114) ll1.Ar.t1t1,F.: ,111. ,il. : l. Il(. 1>. 8:t:I 11<llr.
( 115) Ibid . 1>. ft:l l, i,1,11. clt1 V. :-i(i.
LA OtJER llR MDINOISE 175
!l7. (~c11x fJtli sf111l i110<1lt's, ve1s ll1 Gel1e1111e sc1onl rossc111-
l11 s,
:t8. 1<>111 <(tl<~ Y:,l1,vf tlisli11g11e I<' ~lcl1n11t <lu 8(111, (,rt1')ll n1etle
l! l\lcl1n11I st11 le f\lr.cl1n11I, (qt1') Il les c1111>ile tous el les
1l:1tc ,ln11s l11 ('il1c1111c. Cc11x-ln se1011t Ies Pe1da11ls.
:l!). l>is i', cet1x C}tti s<11t i11fi<llcs qtte s' ils cessent, il letlr sctn
1>n1,l<>1111 cc <ftti csl 1,n~s. Si (011 conl1ni1e) ils reco111me11-
<~c11I, (ils Rc1011I cl1tis) : le sort lt"R<lilionnel (les Anciens est
l"(~V()III (11(;).
l .. c /!1"(>111,<' <l<~s ,.,,,st'ls -1()-'10 1~ celle 1111nc s011,ole VIII Jl<>1lc

1111ssi ,.,,,11 lil1c li,11s .l11 ,c1sic,11 tic lll11cl11c : A1>1>cl nttx n1111es,
,,,,,,,,1 (>l (1'17). C'est ni11si fllte Je v. '10 : Co1nb11tlez-les jt1s-
(ltt'i1 C<~ <Jt1c 11c s11l>siste t>ltrs <le l~ntalion (l'abjt11er et qtte le C11lle
r.11 ,~11lif1 s>il ren,l11 Ynl1,v >, cloit l1e i1nmdiate1ne11t ontriettr
i1 (llt(l(I. ()11,,,1 <lcvie11t c,1111111c t111e ol,sessio11, t111e hantise, hie11 <JII<'
les Ar.Ir.~ 11,>tts lnisscnt (ln11s 111,e totale ig11c>1nnce att st1jet de cet
t~v11c111C'11I. 'l'o11s l<'s ve1scts <Jtte not1s vc11011s <le citer 1>et1vent 1>:11-
f1lilC'111C'11l se co1n1>1en<l1e sn11s n11rt111e rfre11ce 01,o,I. On J>Ct1t
111~111c rc>njeclt1rer <ftle les v. 4()-'11 c111i, cl'n1>rs Il]acl1re sont tin
n1>1><'I 1111x n1111es nvnnt (ll1<><I. 11'n at1c1111 l'Af>porl avec celle ren-
(c111lrc <!11l1e 111t1st1l111n11iss 111<li11ois el i(lolfll1es mecqttoi~.
1
1(). l~l co111bnllez-les j11sc111'n cc <Jtle ne st1llsiste pl11s <le te11ln-
ticl11 cl'nl>jt11c1 et ,,,,,1111 C11llc soit r<'tJ <llt en rnlicr Yal1,v 1
S'ils C<'sscnl, ils sr1c>nl 1>nt<l(>1111s, cn1 Ynl1,,,, s11r ce c111'ils
f(lltl, est clnitvoyn11l.
,11. S'ils 1,,11111!'111 le (lc)s, snrliez qt1e '"ah,v esl vot1e 1neil1e 1
(}.tt<'I exccllc11t 111nil1c I Qt1el excellent Rltxilitli1e (l-18).

ll()lll'()ll<l ces VC'tset~ s'nJ>J>I(ftl<'l'Oe11(-)A n llO() ? 0110<1 esl
1,,111l"111c11l i11co111111 lc's A,tr, ,Ir. 11./a111, el 1n1nc Ri <'elle nllnqt1c
rt1I 1t~<'IIC'111c11I Jic11. n11c1111 i11,licc 11e notas 11er111et <l'y voir ln 111oin-
cl1< 11llt1si(,11 (ln11R les vc,s('ls '1()-'1 t, (1c ln ~<>t11nle VIII. Pot11st1ivon~
<l1c lt<l111c. V,,ici le v. 112 cle lit Rot11nte VIII : c Q11clq11e cl1o~e
c111<' ,c,11s J)l"C'tliez, c11 J,11lir1, sncl1cz qt1c le qt1 i11t 01>porlienl Ynl1,,,
c'I :', l'n1,t'')l1c >. 011 11c11t cc,11.icclt11er > - rnon Diet1, e11 verl11 (le
,,t,,>i 1 -- Q11c celle clis1><>sitio11 est i11lerve11t1e.. immdinte111e11I
( 1tr.). Sot1r. Vllf, 36-39 ; voir 11lt1s l1n11I ctnns ce m~mc rl,opllre, p. 182.
(117) ll1.Ar.11t1,E, Of). rit., 1. Ill, 1>. 835.
( 148) Sou,. VIII, 40-4 l.
1ft r ..' ISl.,\P.f A nADR EN "' A R(:llfi - 1.-A GUERllB
,,,,,,,,, ()/1,,,I. 1111 111c,111<'11l ,,,, e~l l:11,cc ln 1,1,lcln111olion ,1<'~ v. ,(()-
11 :-> (11!)). J ,l'S ('l)llllll( lll111,~111s ,,., . ,<'Ill l>CllllC()llf) ,le~ ,,11Clll("llls
1
:1\11111 {)11,,(I, tc,111111l' ,011s le Vf>)'t'7;. l\1,1is j11s,1t1'ici, ils 11e clise11l
:1l,s,,l,1111c11l 1i,11 s111 ( >l1c>cl l11i-111c>111e. C'esl e11co1e a,,a,,t
01,,>,l c111c
" 1l1tt<'1t,il11l ll'S ,t1~rls ''Ill, -l-5(;, q11e 11ot1s n,(>lls cits 1>lt1s
11:111( ('( 111i ))C)tt1111('Jll l,ic11 flti1c nlltrsic>ll ln c:n1111>ng11e <Ill
1:c,s~t Attl'llll i11clicl' 11e 110,~s 1>c1111~1 tic 1>1cise1 <l'1111e fno11 (~011-
11

,,it( tt (:nli'gc,1i<111c les,.. l~t-!31, f>8 (lf>(t), Cil-f>7 (lfil) ,le ln ~<>tlt'ttle
\'Ill. ll1111s lcllt~ 111c"i111c so,11nlc VIII, le v. (i6 : c 1;:11c,1,11ogc les
( :1e1~1111(s fi t'Ctllll>tt(l1c I s'il SC~ l1c,,1vc i>n1111 V(>llS, vi11gl )tC)lllllleS
tt111st1111ls, ils e11 v11i11c1c,11t tlc t1x ct'11ls >, rc,nil c11co1e nll11sio11 i,
1
C))1,,ct ; c le 1111>1,cl cle l11 clis11101,c1li(>11 ,le fc,,ces l~o1111,e11se 1>nr

le '<>t1111gc t:,l11rs1,,,11(I l,i<11 n ln sit1111ti<11 telle tJ11"e11e se 111l~se11le
l 1 1s cle l't11gng111t11l clt' ()l1c,cl <>I 7(H) C1c>)'llllls 11fT1c,11li~tc11l 3.0()0
1(,l)ll1ristes (lf,2).
().11c~ le lccle111 ,,,,,,illc l,ie11 1tr1,~clai1 s111 lc>lls c~cs lexies el se
111ctl1c, l11i llttssi, CIi ,.,, cl(' c1,,rl IISC .,fllt~ l,ic11 11llc11lic,11. N,>s
1
1~1r,11,ls c,11111isn11ls, (llC 11c,11s 1><t111itl11s 111,1<~lc1 n jt1ste lil1c ,les

~ N(>sl1utln11111sie11s > so11l c11 l1ai11 c1t! votas ti1er JlOllr ainsi <li1e
lil lig11e, ll()llS (li1i(>llS J>lllS fa,111ili1c111c11l., cl llOllS Jl(lllS rn exCllSOllS,
111c ces sovn11ts S(>ltl e11 l1t1i11 clc c V(>tts 111e11f't e11 l>11len11 >. J11s-
111'ici, on 11e cesse tic 11011s 1>n1le1 clc ()l1(1cl el 1w>t1s 11e snvc>11~ 1,,,1-
ic,111s f>ns ce ,,,,e 1,,1,1t~St'11tr celte l>t1l11ille <l011s l'l1isl,li1c (les 11111st1l-
111:111iss fn111nis 11c11~ 11nvt>11s 1c11c<,11f1 111e11lic>11 ,le celle lc,cnlit
,l:111~ l<'s ,\,lrs ,Ir /'1~1<1111 rt <lll Il<' lll!tll alffi1111e1 nvrc ce1lilt1cle <JtlC
l(s ''<"tsels 111c11li(>t111's J>ltts 11n11I, s'ntlt>licttl<'ttl, <(,11111,e l't1fTi1111e11l
:&\'l'l! lntll cle rr1tI(l\ les ("()llllllClllltlC'lll'S, (1 celle C rallll('IISe (lf1tile >
cl<'s 11111s1al111n11isis 111t;<li11c,i~ 1 l\tnis 11e S<>)'OllS Jlns i1111111lie11ls. Si
~ co11lo11s lll:lcl1c\1'f' ljtti 1e1,1o<l11il rl'11ln1i, \'fl<" t!Clle foi~ 1111(~
11llc nllt1sic>11 i, <>l1t>(I, cl i, l:1 cJt',f11ilc ,lf's l\111111 Snltt111n el fies 1101111
l l1i1il11 c clt'll~ <'l:111~ 1111,l,es tll? ~lc~,li11c 1t1llic' s i, l\l11l1c,111rl > (l!i:l).
1
l .i . ,('7. le V. 1 JR tic l:1 sc,1111,l(' 111 (ltli l<>lll le O('Cnsio11 i, ('l'ile i11tr1cs-
s:111lc Jlt'l'<isi1,11 l1i~,1c,1ic1t1c cl (ltli 11011s clc>1111e1r1it ln l'ltf cle 1,, cl,~rnit<~
( 11!)) nr .. \CIII\E, 1. Ill, (). H:J5. ,,1111... 2.

,., ,.,,
fi:,()) Sc>,1r. VIII. fH : 1.r~ 11i1c s tl<~ i'l1c~ .. ~cl11I cctt:< 11,('c (ltti Ill ,,s
1
c1,11,l11 ,,,, p:1clc, c1t1i t'11~11il1 ,illr11I rc 1>:l('I<' 1\ lt111tr tlcrn~ic>tl cl (Jlti 11,, ~011t
1
11i11l 11it't1:< Ji. (:c ,cr~cI. ,.,,,11111c11I<' ll1.,,:11i:11F., 01,. rit., 1. Ill, f>. 814), n1,11. 5R,
r:,it nll11~io11 ~oil nttX i11l1i~~~ (If'~ l11ir~ ~~,,~n,1<1:1, n,,,~c; ll,lcl1, ~oit" t,,lrn-
1,i,c)fl clr~ J,,ir~ Q111n, 1.:,. J,,,~ tir 1"()11,,11 1-. ~~llr cl1,1f' clr r,,,,11 clr f:,i,r.
elr J'l1i~l(li1~. ()11 1,r,11. tc,11,111r r,n lt ,,1il. (l1c- 1,,,,, n1:1l>!;11nt. lrs 1>011 ~(r-
1,1 :111i'i:11al. :-.:111, n,,,i, :111,1111 ~11s clt' l:1 111,1l1,,cl, l1i~1,,1i,111r.
flf>ll (:(' l,lot fil-fi7 ,~I i11lil11l~ 1:11 111 .Af:ltF.ltF., ,,,,. ,il., 1. Ill. t>. 8-11 :
, :\1Jt(I n11x n,111,~ ,1,11l1r Ire; ,,c,l,ll1t'i"ltc;,
l lf,2) ll1.4\Cll~:1,~. ili,I., fl. R 12, ,,,,,,. tir..
,,,,n,,t ()11,l,I >.
(153) IJ1_.\r.11~:nl\. Ir,,. ,il .. 11. RR8. n1,1,. 118.

LA GUl~I\I\~ t.11::UINOISE 177
tics 11111s11l111nr1iss 111tli11c,is ; V(>tts co11slo lc1ez co1n1nenl ltavt,il . .
1C 11l fCS l >111111 C 111 l l le l 11'S
1
(
118. (llttJ>1,rllt\) 'Jt1n1101lics <l'c11l1e votas so11g1er1l O-

(:l1i1, nl>1s q11<? Y1111,, luil lettt" 1,011011 1 Qt1e sttr Yal1w
s'n1>J>t1ie11t les C10) 1111ls J (15<1).
1
''<)'l'Z-v1,11s IJie11 (ltt'il s'tlgit <.l'Ol1od. <le la clfeclion cles Iln11 ..

S11lt1111n cl tics Oo11t lln1il11, <lfcclio11 <111i ex1>lique la <lfaile c1es
11111s11l1111111iss ? Vc,11s 11e voyez 1>ns co111111e voie11l les co1n111e11tn-
lc111s ? l\1oi, 11<>11 J>lt1s, je 11c vois 1,ns. Et ceci est 11ne pret1ve CJL1e ni
vo11s 11i 111oi 11e s0111111es cle v1itnl>les coranisonts ; que ni vo11s 11i
111,,i, 11'nv<>11s l'i111agi11atic111 nssez fertile p<>t11 or11e1 'lislorictlcs les
lcxlc!s n11o(li11s el flns<Jt1es clt1 I1 set1<l<>-Co1011.
N<1t1s 11c savo11s lot1jc>t11s 1>ns, en lisn11t les Acles de l'l.~la,n.
et~ ,111e 1c1,1se11le ()l1ocl. Pct1l-t1e cc1>en<l011t le v. 118 tle la s01111,tc
JI I r11 i 1-i l 1,n 1tie <1' tl 11 e11se111 I(! cln11s leq t1 e 1 le 1abi n 110 t1s 1e l 1t1-
l1c1r1 il J'nll11c1t1c tics i(lc,lf1(1cs 111cc<1t1ois co11l1e les 111t1s11l111011is~s
111cli11ois. Lisons <l011c cet e11se1nble :
112. Ni lct11s bie11s, 11i lct11s e11fonls 11c sc1vi1ont o 1ien co11t1c
)'nl,,,,, cet1x <Jtli S<111l i11fi<llcs. Cet1x-l sc1ont in111101-
lels.
11:1. (:<.~ (l<>ttl ils font cltlCnse (r.n t1vres vaines), ett celte ''ic
1111111,~<linle, est n l'i111ngc <l't1n vc11l cl1org <le g1lc, q11i n
f1111,,, ln 1<_\coltc (I<! ge11s i11jt1sles et ,111i n lt1t1il celle
rt~cc>llc. YaJ1,v 11c les n p11s lss, 111a i s ils se sonl lss e11x-
..
lllCIIICS.
J J,f. () ,rcll1S CJII r1<>ye1. f (n1n)>CS lllllSttlrllOllSs), ne pretlCZ pn~

<le ,~011fi<lc11ls e11 (lcl,or~ (t' v,1t1~ ! Ils 11e votas Jln1gnl'1011l
11t1llc dco11ventt(\ ; ils ai111crnier1t ffttc vo11s soye1.: flnn~ 111
11ei11e ; la l1ni11c j11i11il l,ors le le11rs l>o11cl1es et cc q11e cncl1e
l<-111 J>oilri11c est J>is f'11co1e. Notts vo11s avo11s ex1>liqt1 les
c,1tl<l1111n11ce~ (<le Ya1l1,v), si vot1s votts ltouvcz rRisonr1e1.
11:,. \',1t1R tes tels <(tic voici : vo11s nimez (ces ~cns) 0101~ qtt'il~
11c V<>t1s ni111c11I 1,1,s ; vo11s croyez 011 L1v1c lo11l entie1,
nlc,1s <(tte, l<lt"SfJtt'il~ votts rc11cc,11lrent, ils disent : c Not1!i
<"t<l)'<llts > r el qtt<', se t10,1vnnt sc11ls, ils se 1nordent l~s cloi~ts
cl(\ rnge, h c,1,1se <le vo11s. llis (n cc~ ge11s) ; c Mo,,rez cle rng<' I
''111,,,, co1111nt l('S 1>et1scs tll'S c,ct1rs >.
(15,t) Sol1r. III, 118.
12

,. JSJ.AI\I An,\UE EN ~rAnC.IIE - f.A GUEnllB
11(;_ Si 1111 l1c)11l1'111 ,,,,,,s lc,11,lac, cC'ln lc1r1 fi1it 1110), nlo1s q11c si
1111 111,1ll1c111 ,,,11s 11llt"11I, ils R't~11 1j<111iss~11l. Si V(Jt1~ lrs
tc,11st:111ts, ,,1 1,il'IIX, lc111 11111tl1i11nli<,11 11e \'<>lis 1111i111 e11 1ie11.
,a,11,, ('J11l,1.,~!~(! (,l:111s Sil ~Cl'IICC) ce (}ll'ils ft>l11.
117.1:1 (1,,,,,Jcll(l c111:111cl 111 1,111lis le 11111li11, tle ln fo1a1illc, 1>la-

~,111l l('S (:1(,~,1111~ ,'1 1lls 1,(,slcs tic c,>1111,,11 1 Y,,1,,,, est
1111 <1i l' 11 ( (' l S: l gC.
118. (l\111,1,ellr) r111,111l ,lc11:t 11111tics (l'e11l1c vo11s sc>11g1c11t i, fl-

ll1i1 11lt,1s 1111c ,01,,,,c l11il lc,11 J>tll. (Jll 1 Q11c S\11 Y1,l1,v
s'111>1>11i,11 I lt'S <:1c,,1,11ls (lfifi) .

11!). (:r,l,s, \1111,,t'~ ,,l11s n set<11111s i, n:1(11~ nll>1s lttic ''<lll~ tiez
l111111ili's - l1:1ig11t z 1'11l1,,t'~ - - 1>ct1l-l1c sc1cz-vu11s l"('l~o11-
11:1is~:111ls.
12{). (\',,l1,, v,,t1s n scco111t1s), 111:111,I (l\l,,l1n111111ct1), l11 (lisnis ttltX

<:1o)'n11ls : Ne ,.,,,1s s11lll-il J>tts <flte V<>l1e Seig11e111 votts
cl,,1111e e11 1c11f<>1t l1<>is 111illc <le ses A11gcs, (lcsce11<lus vc,. s
VOllS ?>
J21. ~J.1is <ltli I si ,.,,,1s Clt'S tc,11slr,11ls cl J>ic11x el si (les c1111c111is)

111111c.l1c11t s111 ,c>11s tl<'1c(l1cf, vc,l1c Scig11c11r ,,clt1s <1>tllll~1n
e11 J"('ltf,,1l <i11<1 111ille clc ses A11gcs lo11cs st11 L11i

122. )':1l1\\'(~ Il(' fil trl:1 CfllC ('()111111(' l,01111e ll(}llVcllc ))Ollt V()llS,"
nfi11 (Jtlt\, 1>:11 <'l'fl,, Sc.' l11111111illisnssc11t vc,s C<l't11s . J..,c sec<>t11s
,,iclc11ir11x Il<' \'l'ltl 111e ,le \'a1l1,, le l1 11iss1,11I, le SngC'.
)) f11i( ctltl 11f11 fJtlC' \'Clll!i l11i)Ic.'7. c.'ll l>t'("('S CCllX (JII SOIII
i11ficlc'!l~s, )>()111 1111c \'<tts lts cttll,t1licz. cl lftt'ils s'e11 1cl<>t11-
11,11l tl11s.
l~:l. 1,1 11',,~ 111111" Jl:111 ;, 1<l1cl1c (cli,,i11) : 1>11 l>i<'11 le SC'i~11C'111
l"('\'e11,l1a, (clC' ~11 1i1~11t111) C'IIV('1s c11x <>lt l,ic11 Il lt~s to111111c11-
ll'l'll 1,111tc c111'ils ,,111 t i11j11sles.
121. ,\ 1,,1,,,.<; tr f(lti E-sl (lr111s le~ cictl:"C <'I ~,,,. ln 1<'11<', 11 Jl:11-
cl111,c ;, 111i Il \'f'tll <'l li lc . ~11lc <111i Il \'t'tll 1 \'1111,,t'~ C'sl
11l,st,lttll't11 cl 111i~,1itt11clit\,1x (lf>(i>.
( 155) '"oir 1111c; 11:,111. 11. 87.

(lf,ti) Sot1r.. 111, 112-121.

LA GUEnJ\E Ml~lllNOISG 179
r.c 1011g J>nssnge 111, 112-121, 11ot1s <lonnet"nit, selon les cora11i-
~:,11ls, 1(! lcxle le 1>l11s cx1>li<~itc cl le 1>ll1s ci1co11stonci s\1r ln l>atoillc
1'()11(,<I. C'esl 1>,>t11,111<>i j'1,i tc11t1 n le 111cll1e i11lgrnle1nent sotts vos
)'et1x. J:11 fnil, <111'c11 csl-il ? J11ge~-cn V<lt1s-111111es. I ...es v. 112-11 -t
s'111,1>li(111c11l 1111i(111e111e11t nl1x I11ficllcs. Ils so11t ricl1es, 011t de no1l1-
l>1c11x c11fn11ls. !\lois cclr1 11e let1r scrvi1n tle 1icn. Tot1les les <lpe1,-
scs <111'ils fo11t 1><>t11 Ill gt1c11c s011t vai11cs el ne se1vcnl qtt'. let11
J>>1lt~1 1,1rjt1<licc it ct1x-111111es. lis s011t 1,10111is att Fet1 le1nel.
I.e v. 11,1 111cl c11 gt11<1c ll'S 11111s11l111011iss cont1e ttne co1,fin1,cc
cx11g<~1t~c : c Ne 1>1c11cz 1>ns (le co11fic.Jc11ts e11 cl101s <le vot1s 1 >
\'<,11s 11c snvcz 1>ns (f ,,i V<>t1s nvez o. fai1e. Cct1x q11i 11e fo11l
J><>i11l 11n1lie (le v>l1e co1n111t1nnt1l votas lllestenl. Ils 11'1lrot1vc11t
,,,,111 v1>t1s (Jttc (le ln J1ni11e et 11111 ne snit ce q11'ils cocl1cnl (1011s le111s
l"(ct11~. Ce vc,scl vise les i<lolf1tres, la11(lis c111eJe v. 115 s'n1>1>li,111c
n 11 x 11111slt l 111n 11 iss 11 y 1>c>c1i tes, q 11 i 111e11 len l po 111 viter I' l 1t~
1cjcli~s (le ln C<>t11111111111t1l <les 111t1s11l111011iss 011 nanllraits 1>01 lrs
(l,,lit1cs. J. . e v. 1 lG ((lie 1n1lJ>elle VIII, 30 (157) 11c peut vise1 Jtai
i111ssi c111e les ll)'J>tlctil('~. Jt1sc111'ici le IJl,lc <les ve1sels 112-110 <le 11,
sc,11111lc )fi, 11e fnil n11c1111e nll11sic>11 <li1ccte t1ne re11co11l1e l)ic11
<lilf'1111i11e entre ls 111l1st1l111nniss 111tli11ois et les idoltres 1ncc-
,1,1<>is. l\fnis avec lev. 117, not1s co1nme11ons e11lenclre des l)1t1its
<le ~11c11e. Un mnli11, l\ lol1n1111ne<I, lu l'en sot1viens, tu qt1illns 11\
1
fl1111ille et t11 assignns nt1x C1oyo11ls let1r 11oste <le co1nbnt. ccsl
:,l<1s <111e (le11x de tes ~10111,es l1sil1cnt, et con1mc111enl fil;_
cl1i1, clc)t1ln11t <ltt scc<>t11s de Ynl1w I I~t cependant ne vot1s n-t-il
l>:lS Sl'l,.(llll.llS fi ]Jn()l" ?
Il vc,tt~ n,,nit c11vc1y (c11 so11ge) 3.000 (le ses Anges. Cc no111l,1c
IIC \'()IIS Stlffit-il ))CIS ? 1~11 (lsi1ez-VO\IS 5.000 ? VotlS les 0111e1., si
,,011s lcs fitllcs n Ynlt'\\' I Po11vez-vot1s v1ni111e11l <1ccler ln 111oi11-
,l1(' nll11sic,11, ,1n11s <-rs vc1scls 117-122, n 1111c <lfnilc cles isln111isfs,
clt,r11ile lor11lise 01,cl<I ? Q11n11(l 1\ 111oi. je 11e vois 1lbsol1111,c11I 1ic11
tlt~ sc111l)l111,1c tl,,11s ces lcxlcs : 0110,I 1eslc lot1jou1s tlnns le 11t'n11l.
(~cl((\ J,11l11illc (l'(Jlaocl sc1nil-ellc 11n 1113,tl,c ? J..,es cora11iso11l~ tie11-
11c11I l,1l11 cl 11011R 01T1e11I celle fois 11n lexie qtti s(\1cment el t111i1c'-
11 1r 11 l s t' 1 n 1, 1>o 1 Ic h ( l l1<l <1 : c Si 1111 e 1, l n i e s Aig, 1c en v o 11 ~, 111, c
1,l,1it' st'llll>l11l,le n Rnig11 c11 ce 1>e1111le >. Les coro11isn11ls 11c <lo11tc11l
clt' 1ic11. Celle n11tlncc jclir1te ltne a1nt1sonlc nnvel est 1111 1t'~
l11lil~ clc lc111 cn1nct1c. l~e lexie q11e 11ot1s veno11s <le citer rst t1s
cl:1i1, <l',11lrs ct1x : Si 11r1e J>lnic snig11c en vous - n 0110,l nolt1-
1C'lft,111C'11I - 1n1>J1elC'Z-\'OllS <Jtl'n )ltt<l1, V()S CllllCtnis <loJfllt<'s Otll
t'tl :, s11l)it 1>n1eille snig11c >. Et voiln lil faon dont on c1it l'l1is-

( 157) Sol1r. VIII, 30 : c (llnppcllc) q11n11cl rc11x <1111 ~ont ir10cllcs 111n,l1l-
n1,it11I ront1c lui llO\lr t'ntfe11nir Otl le lltcr ou l'cx1>t1lscr I Ils 111nrl1innic11t
nlc,rs <1t1c Ynl1,v 111ocl1i11nil, n1ais Yolaw esl meilleur en Sa mnc.l1i11nlio11 >.
'~,,
f. lSI.,\;\( ,\11,\IIR l~N ~f.\nr:111~ - f.-4\ GUElll\1~

1,,1,t , l:lll, i11l<'11,1c:l:1li,,11 (IC's i111isn11ls 1,e11t l1l! ,1nic : e11c n
:111l;111l tf1 c.l1nllt'l'S cl't-.l1c r11IISSC ; CIi lc111l CRS, {'l)e llC <)<>lllll' fl )'eSf)l'l
:111ct111 1r1)()S ~c,lic)('. ()11~1111 i, ll()IIS, 1)()111" l,('II l11l,li1 11(1S ('OllClt1sio11s
1 111111;1!-;sct > ,,,,111 a1i11si ,li1,, 111,s <<,111111issn11ces <~c,l11i11es, 1n1>-
1,c l,a11s JIIC jllS(JIIJ(' 1t,,11s IC!i S(llll"ltlc~ lll(~(li11c)ises Ill X, 1.,v11r. I.,XI\',
1.XX, \'Ill, Xl . \'11, XIII. 1-1 l, 11,1t1!, 11'nvo 11s rc11co11l1 n11c1111 verset
"''~<"l'J>lil,le cl'l1e n1,1,li,1t1 c11 l<>ttll' t111ilt1<le tl'es1,1il i, t111e clfnilc
,lts isl1,111isfR i, (_)l1<,,I.
l\lnis 11r,t1s n11i,011s t1,ec lev. 1:lR cle 1t clt1c s,,t1111le 111, e11 11lci11c
~!ll!11c cl le l>1t1il ,1c 11, 111c111 <le J\l1,l1n111111e<l jt llc le ,Jsn11c,i cl Jn
1
l1i~~lcsse tln11s le ('111111> cl~s 11111s11l111n11is~. Ecot1lcz J,ic11 :
1:1,;. (~r,1111,l<'z-,,,11s r11l1c1 cl:111s IL' .Jn1<li11, nl<>1s (Ille Y11I,,,, 11'n
llll'i ("lll"fll"( 1t 1 l'flltllll lllll'lll Vt)llS, CC llX ((ll t>lll 111(.~ll CCJlll))Jl(,
11i e11<c,1,, 1ttc111111 1,,s t:c,11sl:111ls ?
1:17. (:11lcs, ,,.,,,~ sc111l111il('~ 1:, 111,,1( 11vn11I tic l11 1c11c(>l1l1c1. \'011s
1'11,cz ,11c t'l ,,,11s rl,s tl1111s l'cx1>cclnlivc.
1:18. l\l,,l1a1111111c:,I 11'csl c111'1111 111,,,t1c. Avn,,L l11i, les n1>(,l1cs 011t
1>11ss. l~l1 c111<,i f s'il 111<'t11l ,,,1 s'il est ltt, 1cl<>l1111ez-vc,11R star
V<>s Jlns ? Qt1i<,,11,111t! 1C'l,>11111c1n s111 ses J>ns 11e 1111ir11 e11 1ic11
il \'nl1,v cl \:,1,,,,l\ 1cc,1111,c11se1n crt1x <Jt1i so11l 1eco1111nis-
sn11ls.
.
JI es( 111,,11, le ~111111 P1c1>lalc r Il csl 111<>rl e11 l11,,s, c11 1>lci11c
l:tlr1ille f Nc,11, J1c111c11s,111c11l il 11'esl llUS 11101 t r Pct1l-l1c csl-il
l>lt'~;s ? ()11 11't11 tsl ,,,,s s1i1 11,,11 J>l11s. Cc c1t1i est cc1lni11,, c'est <Jtl<!
,,. la111il (le Sil 111Cll"I sr. l'(:'lll,ll<lil ))tll'lll le!-i l1ottJfcs n ())10<1 1 l 1
11,lt111i. C(ll rc1i,il 1111 ~n11,I 1"()1111111 cl,t11,1i's 1,~s 1\C'lr.-. tlt! l'l.'la,11 et
c111i 111clt11t1I e11 !)~~, l1c,is sii.tlcs 111>1is l'J [gite, l11it l1s 1e11seig11
"'''. tcs ,11c111r11ls, <l'111,1~ les ,li1cs <le 11tlS co1n11is1111ls 1 ~lnis
11,isc)llll()ll!i llll ,, , N<)ll', S()l1111)l'S f'II 10,;3_ N<>(IS ~ri,,11s. il y n 3()0
:111~. CIi 1(l(i:J. \'otlS Sf)IIIJ(tl>IIJIC'7.t je l>CJISe, IOtll Je 11101 Cflle <)<)VCll(
~,,, clc,1111c1 les l1islc,1i1~ 111,,,le111cs, 11s1111I ce1>e11(lnnl <le f<>1111itlnl,lc~
,11(1_,<11s ,l,i11vesli~:1li111, 1><111 1cl1,1c('I" ,l't111c fn<,11 n11ssi ol,jcctivc
11t 1,<,ssil)IC' les ,,,,1,c111r.11ls <111 XVII s icle. l~t ,1t1cl crclil 1>011-
,. ,,~-11c111s clc,1111t1 1111~ i1,ter1>1~l,1lic,11~ cl',111 J>c11;n11 c1ivn11I t1,,i~
r,.,,
!; irc l<'s n 111,s lt's (~,. <\11<.1111 <' 11 l ~ 1 v<11s-11011s occe1l let sriet1sc111c11 t
lt' 111,ll1c cl~ ln f<>1111i,tnl>le 111c111oi1c ,les orienln11x >, ce cie,,s r.x
'
11,,,,l1i11,1 ,le 1,,11~ lt's t'<1n11isn11ls ? J111n1tinc-t-on ttn Pi,,11c Goxolc
,c1 i,n11I f..,t\ };'1:tlll"t' clr. f .. c,11is Xf\r > sI I IJ>lc111c11l C'II i11(c11<>~Clllll
,.,.,, ,,r,P . so11 ~1,,r1(I 1,,~,,c. ~l les g11111(1s Jli' r es voisi11~ ? I111nginc-t-011
11c1" it11111cl<"s rc,l1r(li,111i l1i~lc1,ic111,,~ c,i(es ni11si, sn11s a111ct111 ,loc,1-
<\111 C'Cl'I clig111 clt' ft ? llll<JllCllll'lll d'n11rs lies 1aco11ln1s ?

J.A GUl~l\l\E P.IEDINOISB 181
llr1,1c11>11s Je lexie l,ic11 c11 111,,i11s. T>e q11oi s 1,git-il ? C'est le rllhl>i11
1
(ftli J>ntlc. Il lln1lc pot11 1veillr.r le co111oge des m11sulmaniss

111t~cli1t<)s : c Ne V<>tl~ nln11(lo11ncz t)ns, 11e vo11s att1istcz pns, alor~
((Ill' ,r<>11s les les 1,l11s l1n11fs, si vo11s tes cr oyonts > (158). A11jo11r-
cl'l111i, ,(>t1s 11'ltvcz lltts clc cl1n11cc, 111ais s011venez-vo11s qt1'cn cc1-
lni11cs 1<\11c<111t1cs OVL'C les i(lc>)t\l1cs, c'est vot1s qui avez 1en1po1t le
s11ccs (15~)). Ynl1w fnil allc1ner les lions el les 1na11vnis jo11rs, po111
f:1i1c J,1ill('t ce11x <1t1i c1oie11t el rejeter (lnns l'o111bre les Infi<ltcs
(lfjf)). A,,111,t (l'c11l1c1 clo11:; le .Tt11<li11 (ltt Pn,a<lis, il votas fat1t (l01111et'
i, Y11l1,,(~ cl<'s J>r('tlV('S (le ''<ll1e C<>nslance, et 1>ar co11sq11ent s11p-
1f1l<1 l<'s 1111,11voiscs l1c11res, c<>r11111c vo11s nvez jo11i tles l1ct11ct1~
j(>111s (l(il). l:e,lt'S c111n11<1 V(ltts 111a1cl1icz n tl co111l>ol, V(>tls tlsi1icz
)11 111<>rl. ,,(,tts 1 11\ez v11c nttlottr ,le
1
,,o,,s el votts l'alle11c.liez, et tc,111
,~<c.~i <si 1111 gngc! ,lc-vol,e C<>11stn11cc (102). Vol1e consln11ce tl l)csoi,,
cl'c"'l1c JllS(' i, l'1,1e11vc. Il fottl V()llS otle11(1te n ln moir, mlll() <le\
l\lt,111111111,cic11, 11'e~t q11't1n n1><>l1e 1
/\ ,n11I l11i, il y n ctt <l'r111l1cs nptrcs el ils s<,111 111c,1ts. ~t,,l,a111111r<I,
lt1i :111ssi, 111>t111n t C'est cf'1fni11 cl c'est 11ormnl, dit le r1,l,l)i11.
'\"1111,,, j11~e1n (le V(1l1e co11slo11cc - il sngit bien <le conslntl('C'
,l1111s tls ''('1scls IIJ, l:13-1:lfi - si voit~ st1tlJlo1lez celle ~lll'et1ve. Si
f\Ic,l111111111ctl s"il esl ltt, 1e(fltt111c.'1cz-v<)llS e11 or1irc, rcsl-
i1-<li1e cr t1illcrez-vo11s ln religio11 <l'Is1nl JlOtt r retot11ner n vos i(l<.llc~
i111ci<~1111es ? Ne se1011l 1cc1n11>r11s~ ,,,,c les 111t1sul1nnniss <1t1i
<lc:111ct11ttc>11t fi<llcs il le111 foi. Et le 1nl,l1in do11ne n ces 01nl><'s
isl11111iss t111 exc1111>le : <lc111<t11eriez-vot1s fi<lles, tnmc si Mol1n1,1-
111<'<f 1110111nil ot1111111c s'il tnit t11? Si vo 11s 1eslez c,l11sln11ls <11111s
,,,,11c f <>, vo11s les st 1s <l'ovoir accs nt1 J orrli n. Non. cc n'est
1>r1s ~ l>ic11 ,111i Jltttlc n s(>11 P1c,1ll"l.~ > (163), c'est le rnl1l>i11 q11i
s'n<la(~s~e tlt1x A1nl1es co11ve1lis n ln 1cli~i<,n d'lsrnl el <flti le1r1
l>{)SC ,~cllt! c1t1cslil111 : <lc111et1rerie1,;-vo11s fillles, 1n111e si Mol10111111r{I
v<1111il i1 clis1ln1nil1c ? J.n <'llcore, l'n11nl)'se <le ers versets III, 1;\2-
J 10, n11,tl)'RC snns iclc J>rt'C'(lt1~t1e, snns ln volont de re11lre1 cln11s
I<' ('ll(l1e l1>is fl>s cc11lc11t1i1e <les i111ngi11nlio11s tic Tal>n1i, ne 11011~
11,cl 1>oi11l c11 (~<>1111,<~l re1IRi11 el IL1111i11e11x avec la l>alail)c d'(ll10,I,
cl 11(>11s ,,,,1,vons R(,111li1",.. <le joie et <l'nisc : ~1ol1a1111ne<I n'est llR'4
1,1,,11; il 11'{'st 11ns 1,less~: n11(1111c flcl1c ne l'a lrnvers et nt1r1111
sJ1l,1t~ 11t' l11i ,1 r,n(cnssc~ la, l~le I N'e111Jl~cl1e q11c les co1n11isn1,1~
111,11s t1,11ic11t l1je1, fait t>t~t11 1 lle11rct1scn1e11t, not1s avons 1,ens i,
<15Rl s( ,, ,1. 11 r. J 3 3.
(la9) tt,ld . 131.
(IGO) lt,l,I., 13:,.
(((il) ,,,,,, . 130.
( 1(i2) //,id.,. 137.
(163) l\1.Ac11tnK, O/>. {'il., t. Ill, 1>. 803 noie.

f .. I.SJ.. ,\"I All,\IJE RN 1'fARC.IIE J...A GUERRE
li,,~ le lcxlc (l('S ,1 ,fr.~ ,Tt! l'/,'i/ct111, scltlcs sot1rces Jlltres rle l'l1isloi1c
1111s11l111n11t~ > <>l 11,111s ,,,,iln 111ss111s, 111nlg1 Jes nfTi1111nlions lie
l>11s les co1n11is,111ls. l\1(>11n111111ccl 11'11 1,ns clc 11101 1 C,csl v1ni111c11t
1 (li,111( tic 1~1,nr1,l1c ,1~ ,,n,cils l1111ilR et clc <101111e1 RllX l<~cleltts (le
S f l 1 ICS ~ 111 ( >( i<) 11 S 1 1' Jt t iS t) ll S C I l. ( ) 11 \' e ( ) 110 ( { ( 1ll n S l (>l t I C C ) R ? ) 1l 1:
t,if'II, (:('lie f ois-,i Il.. ,,,,it I c: 1

C'Sl lll1Cl11e (Jlti Il()llS le (lC()ll\'l e 0
;\\"('C ("lt11l: C J\tl11s(>II > <lit-il C n 1,1 J>rc111ire 1>l1nsc cltl C()IIIIJnl
cl(' ()l1c,,I <,i1 les <:1cl.,1111ls, t,l,rissn11l n11x clisposilio11~ n11tcs 1,n1
~l.1l1c,1,,c1. C(l11li111C'11I ltr; 1\1('1,lc,lis, 1,1,is il 1n 111c (les n1cl1e1s 11111s11l-
111:111s 11l,a,114)(l1111111I lc111" 1,>slt' clc <c,1111,i,I 1><>111 1>n1lici1,r1 1tt1 l1ttli11,
,r 111i 1,c1111il ntt:< 1\ltl{lc,,is cle 1t1,c11<l1c l'nvn11l11gc > (lfiI). Pnr
c,,,,~,~.,,,{'111, ll()IIS S(llllllll'S Stlt" le tl,:1111,, <le l>nlttilte (le ()lto(I (lfin).
l,ii-1t? 1,l1nsc, l\lcll1t1111111~,1 11 1,li1t.~ S<'S l1<>t11les n11x c11tl1oils les
1l11s f11,,,1i1l,les 1>t,111 ,,11t'le1 l'c1111t111i. Sccc,11,lc 1>l1nsc : les 111cl1e1s
f,ISlllll }Jlt1lic tl"S 11,,111,cs 1rg11lir1C's tic f\(c>ltnltllllCtl lll)Oll<IOllllCIJ(
11111 ll(lSI<! cil~ lc1111l,:1I. (1~ l'nl,1111c1tlllllC'lll ll[ll clP. SC 111cll1c Cil lllCl-
lc111(1 :-l11:1(tlll 1)<1111' ll;11(<'l>f'l' Jlll l11(i11. (:()11S(~(lll("llrC : les cl{1)ft-
l1(s 1,1>filt'11l tl,, ctI ;11,:111,lc,11 tlt~ 11c,slc J>f)llr r<'1,1t'11t11c l't,vn11l11~c.
J\lc,l1n111111efl tsl t111 g1;111cl g11<'111l ! (:c 11'csl 1>ns clc stt f1lt1lc, s'il n
~,,1l>i 11ne clfnile. ()11,,(I, l~'<sl le ,v11lc1l<><> ,les 11111s11l111n11iss l 'l'ot1s
c<s <llnils cl<>r111s ici J>nt Jilncl11c s011 l 1,1is clt111s 1111 ve1scl tics
,l,lc.1 ,le l'Jslo11t, Ill, 1-15.
l lfi. "'t'nl1,, n rit! 1,.~:1I (.'ll\'<'1s ''()Il~, CIi St1 })l'OIIICSS(', ltllll ((llC
vc,11s co11le11it1. (IC's (lftl:111rs) n\'<~c Sa pl'r1nissi<11. A1>1s vot1s
0\'t>t f1tit \'(lt lt Sltccrs c)(~St, )'nl1,, (VOll~ Il SOtl(entlS) jllS-
flll'il t.c f(tle \"()tls 11l~c:11issil'Z, (j11s<111' ce ,111c) V<>llS vt1t1s <lis-
111licz le l11li11 cl sc>)'C'Z (lt'SfJ])(!ss1111ls.
(i'1,111cl1l 111('11I, ,11C'1s IC'<:lt't11s. 1,lns sc11ls ('Il filt'C (1~ cc vctscl,
1
:111('7.-V()IIS j,1111:,is ))f'IISt~ i, ()l1,,(1 ? .le 11(' le Cl.(lS ,,os. ()110,1 11'e11lre
,,~,-; <l1111s les 1,r11>c<li,<'s tc11111lf's clt'~ 1\,lr., ,le /'T."l,,111. c111i co11s-
lit11(' le ~t'tll ~11i,lr 1111lt,e11li<111c 1,,1111 l'l1istoi1c <le l'Isln11, 01nl>e. Qt1e
)l1,11,c,11s-r1t111s c,,11l111t' ,,,,~i1i,C'111e11l le cc ,c1scl 115, c111e )es co111-
1,1c111~,1c111s 01,t IC'llr111c111 10111n11r ? Il y est ()il l~cci : Ya,11,v n t
ltl_,:,I Cll\'Cl'S \'OllS. 11 n lc1111 S('S )ll'(llllCSS('S. ()n 11e 1>e11l 1('II l11i
1,1,1c,rl1C'1. 11 ,011s ,, r,,il t11l1c,t,it 11C'll<'111<'11I le ~,,ccs tl<~si1 et V(ltls
:1111ir~ cr,l11i11C'111~11l 1,,1111,f>tl l1l ,i(l<titf', si ,,o,1s 11'11viez Jlns l
1l< '"i1,l,c',iss1111I~. l\t,,i~ ,,,it:, : ,c,11~ ,,,11~ i'lf's clisJlltls ntl s11jct cltl
1
l,11li11, l1,,~a111l lt'11i1 C'II 111r1i11 1,,

,itlc>i1C', cl celle vicl<,itc Vtltas n
( 1fit) , ,,;,, .. ,,. 8!) 1. ;11111. 1 f :i.

( ( (ia) ()11 Il(' \'flI J>:I" 11 l'" l>l'II llttlll Clllfl ( )11,,cl ~, tl 11,,i~i l'llllllllC cJt:lllllt
,,,. 1,:,1:,illr Jl:-11 Ir~ i1lc,l;i1,,~. (lltttcl ('"' Jltl N,>1,1 clc ~lrtlil\('. '"~ J\lt'('C(ll()iS
li.il\ :,i,,,t l>llS n r:,i,c llll tll'lt)III' 1:11 Il Nc,tI l>C)lll" nttn,111cr )('~ f\ltli11oi~.
LA GUEnnB MDINOlSB 183
cl1t1111> f>llt" vol1c fnttlc . Nt,lte texte ne d it 1icn tle J>ltts. Mais l<'s
t(,111111c111,,te111s, co111111e 11ot1s Je co11stntons n cl1aq11e instant, ne se
tc,11lc11le11t 1,ns clc si 1>c11 . li lcttr fo11t du ro1nnn. Ils l,invcnlent, 011
ils Je 11,'le11t.
J.,e 1a,l,l,i11, C(>flJl)lC lo11jo111s. s'enten(l 11a1fnitcn1enl n tirer ln
<"(>11clt1sic>11 11)<>1t1le <le celle <Jt1c1cllc 011 s11jet (ltt h11tin. Pn1mi vot1s,
<:1<>J':111ls, il y e11 est, lct11 ,1il-il, qtti ctsirc11t les bie1ts ,le ce 111on<1c,
l:111<lis c111c cl,n11l1cs tlsi1c11t le J,onl1et11 <le l'nt1-dcl. C'est cn11sc
(les 1,1e111ie1-s <Jtte vo11s nvcz s111,i 11ne clfnile. \'011s 11'ovez <l'nil-
lt'111s ,,,,s ~l ,11i11t11s 1:11 les i(l<>1l1cs. \ 70,1s ovez co111n1is t111c
ri,trlc ri c'rsl Y11l1,v<~ <111i V<tt1s n J)\111is c cl vo11s n fnit rcct1lc1 <1c,,n11t
le~ i11fi<lt'll'S 1>c>t11 ''<>lis r1,1ot1vct >. Dn11s c c rcit clc l>ntnillt', 11,111s
a,,,,,,,s 1l(~ji1 nssisl i, tl11sic111s 1>l1nscs : t -1..,cs 111t1s11l111n11is<'s <'tlll-
lic1111c11I l'nll11,111c iles i,lc,lfll1cs cl e11t1ev,,ic11t cljn l'l1e111c11sC' iss11c
.111 C()IIJl>11l. 2. - lis SC (lis11t1le11l ntt Slljet d11 ht1li11. a. - I ..es i,l11-
lf1 l1t~S c11 1>1c>file11t 1>(lt11 l"Cll1e11<l1e l'nlln<111c <lnns tic~ con<lilio11s
f,tV(>11,l>lcs 1>c>11r e,ax. 11. -1.,<'s n111s11l111nniss sont ol,ligs cle 1cfl11<'1'
('11 1111i~1c. Yol,,,, ce1,c11,l1111l n efl'nc 1>(>,11 vot1s celle f1111tc, nfi11
111<! ,,,.,,s 11c s>ycz f><i11l lr<>t> l1islcs I Ynli,v 11'esl-il J>ns le <ll<'ll ...
ll~tll" <1e ln fo,,e11r e11v('1s les Ctoyn1,ls ? 5. - Mais ce ntnil 1,ns
<'11c,>1t~ lt1 fi11 <le vos 111nll1c111s. Qt1e cle s<>11cis novez-vo11s pns 1c11-
,c111l1(;s (ln11s V(>lrc 1cl<)t11 ve1s M<li11e ; vo11s 111nrcl1icz n g1n11<l~
t>ns ~:,11s1c.'gn1<lc~1 1>ets<>11nc, tn11tlis qt1c l\1o11n1n111c<l, q11i se le11nil
('11 n11i1e, essnynil (le J"<'f.{tot1p<'1 les co111l1nltnnls. Evi<le111111c11l,
11,,11s ,,,011s ,IA11s ces vc1scls 1115-117 le 1cil d't111e 1cnco11l1e nvcc
l<.'S icl(>l:"it,cs, 1c11<.011l1c c11 clcl1(>1s 11c l\11inc, et qt1i R n1nl to,1111<!
J)()t11 l<'s 11111s11l111n11iss cc>11(lt1ils 1>n1 1\fcll1n111111c<l. ~lois 1ln11s rc 1rcil,
c11 11c l1,>11,'<"1t1 nt1(~t111 11<>111 (le locnlil1.', 1111t1111 no111 clc co111l,r1ll1111I.
(:'<.'si <"l!lle 1,{'11111il~ <Jtt'<>11l vo11l11 1e1111>li1 les co111111C'11lnlct11s lln1 11r1
fl(ll tic ci1ct>11slt111ces Jlt11c111c11l i111n~i11nlivcs. llelisc7.. 1>ot11 vot1s
<'Il <t,11,11i11c1e, ln 1clt1lio11 clc Gnt1(lefroy-Dei110111by11es s11r ln
1,,1lt1ill(~ (1'()110<1 1
I ..f's g11c11ie1s 11111st1Jr111111iss Ro11l 111,,i11te11a11l 1cnlrs <lans Jc111s
r,,~'r1s il l\l<li11e. JJcs 1111~ s'y 1<'1>ose11l, nvcc s~ct11il, e11 11c11~n11I
111"ils ()Ill l,ir11 1111il le,11 ,1r,1ilr, vo11l,1c J>nr Ynl1,vc po,11 1,1011-
,,('I' ll't11 r<>. il,1i:-1 (l'nt1l1<'~ 1flcJ1isse11I. Si no11s avior1s <'lt 1>n1t ,,,,
<<>1111111111tlc111c11l ( - 1>111cillc i11lc11,rl11lic,11 sernil 1111e critiq11e s111
1,, lc(:l111i<111e 111ililni1c cle 1'1<11,i111111e,l el no11s foil 1>cnser n11x ctiti-
111c~ ncl1'sses, J>n1 les 1-t<~11t~tn11~ (le Jn '\Ve11r111acl1t, ou g1an<l slrn-
l'1tc l lillc1 - ) <>11 ~i 11c,11s ovio11s c11 fJttcl<1t1e cl1osc h dire cln11s 1c
1tc,11,,<.'111<111<.'11l cl11 111<ltl<lc -- (cl ceci csl 111,e c1iti,1t1e conlrc )'01,l1c
clivi11) - 11011s 11'nt11io11s 1>ns ctt (le lt1s 1
1 IX. ''1111,,, n i11flig so11ci n1,1~s so11ci. E nst1ilc, Il o fnil clC'~ce11 ...
tl1e s111 vo11s, np1<'s ce sot1ci, 11nc sctt1il, 11n s0111mcil c111i
\
,.~ '
f, ,s, ,,\ ~, A nAr11~ EN If A nc.11e - f.A fiUF.:RnF.
<1,11,1nil 1111 J>:11li 11:11111i ,c,11s, lnr1<lis fJllC, J>ris 11or lct11 1>1>-
1,1c s<>11ri, 1,r,,~~1111 s111 ''nl1,,r
n11l1e cl1ose (J11c ln vrit -
(:, sn,,,i1 <"r ,,,,,~ Jl('t1~,, lo <:c11lilit - (lrs gc11s) <l't1n (n11lre)
J>n1ti, cr1rl1:,il't1I ,,,, lc111 111l' <c (ltl'ils ne te <lvoilnic11t Jlf1i11l
(tI) clisr1ic11I ; ~ Si llt)\IS ,,,()llS Cll tllle pn1t n l'01<l1c, ll()llS
. 11n111i<,11s 1111s l'll <le t11s >.
l\,~1>(>11,ls-lc,111 l\lc,11:1111111'<1. C.'c~I ,,111i I S'ils 11'lni<'11I 11r1s vc1111s

~;111 lt c:11,11111) clc ,,.,t:,illr, ils 11',111,niC'tll 1>:1s t lttcs, 111ni~ ils
~:1:1ir11I 111c,1ls s111 lt111 111111<'. 1~11 <l(>l111n 11I ln vicloi1r. V()S c1111l'-
111is, \011,, n ,.,,,1l11 sir111,l<'111c11I ,,<,11s 1,1011,,e1 el n1el(1c c11 l11111i1c
tr (ftli <'SI <1n11s ,o" l'(l'l11s. Il)' ('Il n 11nt111i \'Olts fJII ont lot1111
J,, .,.,s ,, 1c,111r111i, I(' j,,111 ,,., l<'S cl<'llX ll"Olll)<'S se S(llll rc11co11l1rcs.
i\l:1is f('llt r,,itc ('SI ,,(l'll\')'C cl11 l)l\111()11 (lG(i). Y11l1,v V()llS Il <Ji,j
1>:11,l,,1111,s.
f:,,111111t' l<s 11111s11l111~111is~s cl(' l\l(~cli11c cl lrs icl1,lf1l11s 111ec-
111,,,is t'la1i1'1tl si1,1s t'<~s<' l'II 11111(', <'I cc,1 11111c l<'s ,\,Ir~ ,Ir /'l.-./,1111
11r 11,1t1s clt,1111r11I :111c:1111c. i111l1c ,,,.<~cisi,,11, il 11c,11s esl l)ien <lifi<:ilc,
:1 11 C111 s e 11 1C l l i 1 C1;1 11 s 1(' s Ii1, , j 1(" s ( 1('s l C~ 1(' s n 1111 1C 11 1i(l 11 (' s t ( 1C (1 l C1-
111 i t 1(' I" ,,v,,< ,,,.<;<isi 1,, li,11 le celle 1c11co11l1c, 1C'11c,,11l1c clt111s
l;1,111(llc c.r1l:1i11~ 11,11s11l1111111ist.''s 111li11<>s se 111(llll11r11t lcl1cs
fl(,11111 1<'?1 (le,lf1 ltts. <:C' li<'tt 1>ct1I f 1c 01101, co111111c n11ssi 11'i111-
1c>1lt~ (fticllc 11t1ltl' ngglc,111l\1:,I<111. NC' f(>1o11s 11ns 111 lene111 (les
ltXl('S cl 11(! letll' l(>llll()llS JlnS ()('~ ,,,icis()llS (Jtl'i)s llC C(llll))Ol"le11t
1:1s. 1"<11l cc <1ttl' ,,.,,,s sn,'>11s, c'est <111e cla,ns 1111 C<'1l11in e11g11ge-
111t'11t - 11nlt1rellf111c11l 1111 11gogC'111e11l l'11t1c l<s 111t1s11l111n11iss
1t1t;cli11,,is ~ les 1<ll~ll1~i~lc~ 111ct"fJt1,,is, - les ~f~cli11<>is f111cnt l>nl-
lt1s. <111'ils 1eflt1r1c11t ,,c,~
"Ilt(Ji11<' C'I <111(~ C"<'llc clf,1ilc nfTecta co11-
~ilt'1,,l,lr111t'11t 111 <c,1111111111:1111~ 11111st1l111nr1isc (le l\!(li11e.
l:111rl,;l1iss1,11I s111 :elle clrfnilc, le 1t,l,l>i11 s'i,,l1cssc nt1x 111l1s11l-
1111111is~ c Ne scl~'l'7. 1,a,s, lt't11 (lil-il, l"Ot11111e l<'S i<lclltlt<'S qt1i <lise11l
cl,, lc11rs f1i1<'s 1>111lis t111 ll1i11 011 :', 1,, gt1e1re : s'ils (i1ie11I 1csl~
l,i,11 l1nnc111illcs (l:11ls ll 111s go111l>is, ils 11c sc1nie11I 1111s 111011s el
1
,,,i1111nie11l ()IIS fi,~ ltl('~ >. Ces ~t'llS l~Vicl( llllllCIII 1,',1111 1>ns l11 r,>i.
1
9
1'" 11(' SIIVClll .,,,~ f(IIC (' {\SI ,,111,vt' C)11 fnil VVl'C el lll(llll"I. Et (~e1>e11-
l:,,,1 (Ille (I<~ r(,is t'cllc ,1it 11'csl-clle t>ns 1>1t,cl,1111c cl1111s 11<1s
,:1i11ls I . iv1<'s (1(,).
(lfili) S,,111. Ill. lt!l.

(1ti7) l>c-111. XXXII. :l!t : "N11I t111lrt :,,c, 111e,i 11'c~I l)it11 1 <~(~I 11101 ,11ti
l.1i; ,,,.,,,1i1 ,.,.,,,i r:,i'i ,i,1 ., : 1 Sr111,11tI. 1' r, ; C ,;('~, Y:1l1,,i
I i, ,I , i,r,, (111i r.1it ,tc,,c11,l1,, :,,, ~l1t'c>I cI r11 1<'~~11!-1ilf't.
.,,,i
r.csl
fnil 1111>11-
Ynt,,,6 ,,,,1
;1111, ,,11,ait cl ()ll ('Ill ic l1il. flll itlJilSS(' l'i 1111'iS Cf l li rl,c > ; s,,gcssc. XVI 13 :
" f)11i. f'(~I toi c111i c 11111111i111,I<' :", l:t ,il tI ,\ l,1 111orl ~ ; voir nt1s~I 11. ZAl<A
,,, \S. ()/t. cit . ,. 1, ,,. :lfl 1 ~,,. Si "'~l,:1111111f'11 <'lit rrrllr1t1<'nl ro111pos 1c~
.l,t,s ,le. l'lsl,,,,,. il 11<111~ r:,111111,il l'(>11rl111c (11111 con11nissnll v1,,i1nc11t l,ic11
IA GUEnnE MtDINOISB 185
150. 0 c1uycz I ne RO)'CZ 1>oi11t co1n111e ceux qui sont i11fi-
\'(>tls (JII
,lles et 011l <lit fic lct11s fares partis 011 loin Olt la guerre :
c S'ils tnic11l (le111et11es c-l1ez nous, ils ne seraient pas n1orls
<'l 11'0111aienl pns t t11s >. Q11c Yal1w fasse de cela t111c
11fTliclic11 e11 let11s ccct11-s I Ynl1w fnil vivre et n1ot1rir. Ynl,,v
est clai1voynnl sui ce <Jue vous faites (108).
Si ,,0,1s les ltts c1n11s Je c11e111in <le Ynl1,v. ot1 si votis n10111ci
41c 11101L 11nl111cll(!, 11c11 i1111><>11e : lu 111<>1t 1>ot1r 1111 1nt1s11l111a11is est
tt11 v1ilnl>lc portl<>11 et 1111c u111cc nccor<le par Yel1w, Jlrfrnl,lr,
cl C<)111IJicn J it ce qttc l(~s Infi<lles 0111assent s11r celle terre (le
Jlla1isi1s ( l <Il! f<>1lt1nc I Pc11 i1111>01le, si votts tes ltts sur le cl1011111
1
cl<' l>nl11illc ot1 si votts 1110111rz cle 111<,rl 11alt11elle. Ce q11i est i1111>01-
l;111l l",csl ,1c vo11s S<lllV<'11i1 Cflt'1111 jo11r vo11s serez rAsse111bls 011tc,,11
clc '"a1I,,,,<~. Et ()l1<l<1 ? 11 se cocl1e 1>et1t-lre ,tans lottlcs ccR rflc-
x i,,11s, 111:,is ils')' (~t1,l1c si l,ic11 c111'011 11'e~t jo111nis sftr tic l)ien l'n11, 1- 1
(:cvoi1. Cc 11'e~l JlllS ()l1t1<I, qt1i est i1111>01lonl. Ce CJlti co1111>lt 1,n1
<lcss11s lo11t. c'est la foi c11 Yt1l1,v : S'il vo11s sC'co11rt1 nttl v11i11-
<111,~111 s111 ,,<,11~ 1 S'Ii V<>t1s nl,1111<lo1111c, qt1i donc pot11rnit V<lt1s
~cc:(>t11i1 c11 clcl101s (le Ltti ? Qttc les C1oyanls s'a1>J>t1ient <ll,11c s111
)r ( 169). '
Ce verset 15,1 ,le Jn s<>t11nle III est st1rsntl11 <le r111i11iscr11-

l'<'s l>il,liq11cs : si V<>tts 1>roliq11cz les co1n111on<le111e11ls <le Yol,,,,,
\'(ltls <l11osscle1cz l<'s oul1es nntio11s ; Det1t. XI, 22 : c Si v1ni-
111e11t vous gnr<lez cl 1>rnliq11ez lotts ceR co111111nnclen1ents q11c je
V<Jt1s 11esc1is, nimnnl Yol,,,, ''<1lrc Die11, mn1cl1nnt <lnns lot1le~
~(\S vcl'S et vo11s n 1111cl1 n n l n I ..11i, ,.- A11 w d p(1ssossclerez de~ notions 1>lt1s
~1i111,1l'S et 1>1118 pt1issn11lcs qt1e vo11!i > ; Yal1,v cl1tic ce11x q11i
IP. l111sse11l cl 1co1111c11se cet1x q11i ol>se1vent ses co111n1nn,lc-
111<'11t!i. nc,11. \'Il, 9-11 : c Si Ynl1,v s'est attecl, vo11s et vcltl~
n cl1oisis, cc 11'esl pn!i q11e vo11s soyez les pltts 11oml>1et1x c1c
l,111s lt's 1>e111,Jcs ; enr vo11s tes les 1noins no111l>reux cl'cnl1,!
l<,tts le~ Jle111>les. Mnis c'est J>nr Rtnot1r pour vot1s et po111 ~rlr-
cler le scr111e11l j111 h v<JS t>re.., q11c Ynl,,v votas n fnit ~orlir i,
111ni11 fc11le et t'n clliv1 <le ln 111nison rlc servilttcle, clt1 JlOtlV<>i,
(111 J>l1111no11, roi cl'l~gyJle > : 1>01 consq11cnl, n'o11l,licz jn111ni:i
\'1111,v. Oet1t., VIII, 11-20 : c Gat<le-toi l'ot1Llier Yal1w l<,11
1:1 Jlil,lc l1ilra1i1t~ cl (JII Il<' vc,il 1>r1~ l)Ot11q11oi 11n A11nla <111clconq11c i11lcr
\'('ll411,1it 1>0111 11i r,,lcr le.~ v1ils co11nt1cs clc1,uis ,tes sicles 1>nr l<'s
J ,. i r~-
( l fiR l So,1r. Ill, 150.
( 1Ci~) Sour. 111, 15 4.
,_ ' ISf,,\l\f AIIAr,r: f;N ~IAh(:IIE - LA GUEnnR
l lie,1 c11 11tt1tliglr111I ~es ,.,,,11!11n11clc111c11ls, ses ct,11l,1111e~ el ses

f _c,is tJtlr. je lt~ 1'~(1i~ 1111jc111cl'l111i. (}.11n11,I 111 0111ns 111n11g el te
sc\1,,s ,.,,.,snsi~, 1111111,tl 111 1,111n!-l l>li ,le J,clles 111nis<>J1s cl les
l1nl,ilc111s, c1t1i,11I 111 n11111s ,,,, 11111lli1,licr ton g1,>s el 1011 11clit
l,lt1il, r1l,,,11tl'1 l<,tt ,,1gt'11l et 1<11 01, s'nccroit1e lotis tes l,ie11s,
111e l(>t1I tl'I;, 11',',(i,c 1111~ l,11 C(t'tlr l N'o11l1lir. 1,ns ltlo1s Ynl1,v
lc111 l)ictt CJl l'tl fi,il S()ll1 titi ))fl.}"S (l' l~gy1,te, ,le ln lllfiSOII <le
sr.1,it11tle . (:',sl <'ll<c,1c tin IP.xle 111og11ifi<111c (Jtli n ll(Jt111i
J'111c cl,1 1nlJl)i11 <le J.,n l\lcc((tlc <Jtlc celt1i cln11~ l<~(111cl I\lc)se
1r11fc>1cc J><lt1t 11i11si cli,c C'lt<c)1c 1,l11s, le 111c)t1<1ll1t~s111c cl'ls1nl,
1)C'1tl., Ill, 1fi-2tl : ll1r11<~ l>ic,,1 ~n1cle it vot1R-111111cs : 1>ttis<1t1c
''()IIS 11'n,'('7. ,.,, llll('llllC ftll"IIIC', le jot11 ()li Yol1,, , n l'IJ,,1el>, V()IIS
1
n ,,,,,lcl11 111ilit 11 ,lt1 fl'tt, 11'111lc7. 1,1,s 1>1v,11ic111c1 cl vc,11s f11i1c

1
IIIIC lllll#,tC Sl'tllJ>lt~~ 1c1>1sc11t,,1,1 c1,1oi qt1e cc S()I . Q11n11cl ltl

li~v<'1n~ lt'~ )l'tl:< ,~1s le cl'I, 1111,,11<1 ltt vc11ns lt~ sc>l(il, 111 11111c,
l<!i rtc,ile~ ri 1,,11lc' 1'111111,tc clrs t'c11x, 11c vn t>ns le l:1i~s<'1 c11t111i ..
11r1 ,~. le tl1c1slt'1111 clc, n11l <'llX cl il les se1vi1 .. > : ,,c,it 11l1ssi
1
llc11t. I\', 2:,-2X tI le lt)l1~ tc~lc cl:111~ lc,111cl 1\1,,sc fnil l'c,x11111c11
,le c<,11stic11ce ,l'ls111t'I clc1,11is s:1 s,,ilic cl'l~g)'J>lc~, l),,111., IX, 1-21.
(t11 11c 11't1l (,,1111,1('ll(l1c l<'s ,l,/r.t ,Ir. l '/.~1<1111 s1111s t111e C(>t11111is-
s1111<c 1>1t,ft,11,1,~ tl ltlttl! ir1li111c 1<~ lcltls C<'S lexies.
,.,1,,,c\ n l si g,:l('<'llX ('11,rc1s l('S C1<>J'flltls, <le lct11 nvt>it CllVO)'

1111 ,,,,,.,t,c, cl1c,isi ,,n,11,i (!IIX, cl fi tli l'llt CC>llllllllll(JIIC les CllS<'~ll(!-
lll('IIIS clC' l>it11 . lc!111 111,1,1c11,I le l.,i,1c ,Je ln Snge~sc, l,ie11 <111',,111,n-
1:1,11111, ils 11c c,,111111ssr'11t 11l,s,,l11111< 11l 1iP.11 el vct1sse11l. 1,c,t1r cc
1
111i to11cl1l! i, ln 1c.,Jigi,,11, cln11s 1111c ("(11111,llc i~1101n11cc 1 \'t,11s nvcz

l1111lc 111iso11 clc l1,,i1c cl fic ,,.,,,s 11ll11ll1c1 i, )rnl1,,. Ne V()llS l11is-
,('1. 1,ns lc1111l1c1 cl1111s le clses1>(t1 :', c:1,11sc c11111c <lf11ilc. lln1>1>clez-
,,,11s (]tle votre ,ir(cll'e fi V(lllS O ~l (10111,lc cle vo(1c clrnile. ]~l
11r 1>c1<lcz jn111ni~ c.011fin11tc 1111 llic11 rl~o,1t-lll1issn11l <Jtli got1vc111c
lt'S l1(,111111cs cl les v11c111e11ls :
l!'i!>.1~,. (Jll(>i 1 ll)'lllll l r1n1,11t\~ ,,,,,. 1111 111nll1t~111, n1>1s ,,vc,i,

1(\llll)()l"l 1111 Sltlcs (1('11X fclS gnl, V()IIS n,('z clil : C (:,,,11-
111e11l cc 111,1Jl,c111 (1101,~ csl-il 1111iv) ? > (l\t,,1n111111e,I)
rrr><)ll(IS (-- ll'tlt') : Il \'C'lll (le vo11s-111111cs. s111 w
l(>t1les cl1c,scs est 'J"o11t-I>11issn11t > (170).
c:c ,erset t'sl ltt's <'lr1i1 1>c1111 11,,s Vt'll(\1nl,les ,,,11111isn11l8. (J11cl
s I l (' s l I CC s ( t C l 1X rC) i" (\ ~,, I n l 1 111 n 11 1(' ' 11 ( 1' ' i I ' tl s 11 i \' i ? A t 1Cl l Il e 11 s i ..
li1li(>11 : le st1ccs, c'rsl Jl11cl1 ; le 11111lltc111, c'est ()lt<>tl : c Sel<>lt J;,
(17tt) So,1r. Ill. lf,!J.

IA OUERI\E MDINOISB 187

r11a1clilit>11 l1isl(>1l!f>-l>icl~1n1>l1iqt1c (sic), les Mecquois attroient elt 70
lt1s el 7(t 1>1is<>J111ic1s lln,11, et les Croyn11ls 70 tus 0110d > (171).
f.,n vicloire a <lonc larfnil. Mais est . . il s01,
l,i('ll sl)1, (Jttc Je 1nl>l>i11 fosse <lnns ce verset ellt1~ion Dadr et n
()11,,,1 ? N<ltts n,011s 1et>to<lt1il t>ltts l1et1t, p. 167 et sq., le rcit clc
l'e11g11ge111c11l <1'0110<1 c rcc<>nslilt1 > J>ar Gottdefroy-Demo111l>y-
11C's. N<111s 11vo11s gale111cnt reprc>clt1it, la sttile cle ce rcil, les
V<'tsels Jrs Aclrs ,le l'lslcr,n a11xqt1els se rfre ce savant 011tet11'
llf>111 l1i 1e cc l lc Jngc <1'11 is l<>i re > ( 1) A p1se11 t, donnez .. vo11s In
1>ri11c (le li1e ces (let1x lexlt~s, 1'1111 il c(>l lie J'n11t1e. Il 11'y a e11lt(!
c11x 1111c1111 ll<,i11l <"crl11i11 le liniso11, et 011 reste nl1111i c11 J>Cllsn11l
c111c clc 11.a11t,illcs fn11lnisic'~ tt1issc11t t1c 1,1sc11les co1111,1e l1isl<lti-
,,,1(\s. 1.. <'s lccle11rs q11i 1>111 so11s les yettx le texte <les Acles J>Ot11-
r>11I i111111t~clinlc111c11l f1i1e 111 co1111>01nison ; i11slnnton111e11I, ils
st1<,11l tlifis s11r ln ,,n)cl11 c1ili<1t1e <les ouvrages qt1'on lct1r 1>r-
s~11(('. Q111111l n c.c11x. fi 11i 11'011l Jlns le tex le <les Acles, ott qtti 11 0111 1
111,s le lC'1111>R cle f11i1e ln co1111>n1nis<>n q11i s'in1pose, ils n'ont (Jlt'1111c
s<11I,~ 1css(>111cc : nl>llll(l<>111ic1 lotit j11ge111c11l 1>crsonncl et se lnis~ct'
u11itlC'r lln1 lr.s 11111lli11lcs 1f1c11ces q11on le11r <lonne <(tti, <lt,11s le
l'lls <1<>1111<~, s't1v1e11l l<>tales fn11sscs. C'(~sl novrnnt. On 11e setn tlo11c
Jltls l<>n11 <111'c11 c1ivn11t 11nc \'ie <le Mol1n1n111cd, not1s ne fossio11s
n11<~1111c 111c11lion <le la l>nl:tille d'Ol1o<l s11r laqt1elle nous 11'nvons qt1e
clcs 1:1co11lo1s 1>osll1t1n1cs.
(171) lblcl. 150.

~- Nc>tJ\ ~\IIX 11r:;1.1.,,11s.
\'t,i~i Ir 1,1111rl cl1111 f111l1c ('t1g:1nt111<'11l e11l1c 1,--~ (le11" 11,,111,es

:1111,11,,e~. J.. cs cl,tt:< ,,.1,c1~,,i1e~ s1111l c11 fncc 1'1111 1ll! l'1111l1e. l..,es
1
_ 111st1l1111111ist~s ~c,11l 1,1c~ts :'t l'1,ttn,111c (Ille "\pnl1,,, nvnil 1n11ngc JlOttr
:'1>1011,t1 cl 1,,r,l1111nit1c l<'s sic11~ (12). c All,,1,~ >, tlil le cn1,ilnine
:r1 cltlf, c ro111l,:1flt'7. l1111s le Cl1e111i11 ,le Yol,,,, I llc1>ot1sscz les
l1~ficl'l<~ (l:l). c:'e~t 111,11, ,1111? lt~ lllt>oc1itcs so1l1111I cl11 1n11g,
:l,cl:t1t'11I : c Si ,,.,,,~ ~,,,,i,,11s (."c1111l,r1ll1e, 11,1t1~ 11c ,lC'111n11clt1io11s 1111s
III('llX cl'11ll(l((ll'I' Il\'('(' ''()11S. ~fnis ll(lllS ne SRVOllS l)OS IIOllS lnlltc.
l\11 tc j,1111, C IICtlllP )(' 111l1ltll :1) 1 (Ct'S ftl'11S) ftll"f'III 1>111~ J1s ()C
l1111,i<\lr CfllC cl,, 1:, r,,i.
Ils cli!lnic11I cle '''lll-S l)Oll("IICS ("C (1 ll ,,~1nil
l>(Ji11I fl1111~ lf.'11,s c<111s. ''1111,, (c,n111,i l l>t'I) cc <111'ils le11nic11l
~,,,.,<'I (li Il. r.,, scttl l'f'~ tll<'llt<'s l,~1)C>tril(s, fltti lisnie111l tic lc111s
f1c'1r~ .. nl<lt~ c111'rt1~-111~111,!i s'<\lni<11l nl,slt11t1s cl<' ,c,111l,nll1c? : S'ils
IIC)ll!i 11,nil'11l Cll,,~i ., r'rsl-n-cli,c, s'ils n,11i~11l :;11i,i ,,.,,,.(' ('X('llll1IC,
"' il~ 1111111nic11I 1,:," ilt\ 111<~~ >. C:'sl f11t1x, l'nr c111i flt'ltl cle sc1i ~cnr-
l,1 l:1 lllfJtI ? (Ifi) J Jlll~, ( 0111111(' je \'C >llS )'ni cl<~jn tlil lllt(1crc1!i
4
:(
1
: 1fl) CCII:< r111i 0111 c"I,\ l11fs cJ1111s le C.ltc'III II '(' ,,.,,,,,,(~, llC R()III l)IIS
,,,,,11~. Jlic11 n11 ,-,,11l1a1i1c. Ils s,,111 ,ivn11ls 11111>1<'~ <le 1et1r ~eil{11r11r1
1cJt11,11s cle le111 11ll1il>t1lic,11, j<>J'<'tl:"< cle ln fn,e11r q11c Ynl1,v lettr
1 :lt'l"C)l"C)tc, t-1, n f',~~:11c1 J<' C<'IIX <III, llf)l'C'S ~tl:'IC, llf' Jt'S Clll( f)llS CllCOrC
ic>tll~, ifs SC l'~j(JIISSf'lll fi )'iclc\(' ffllC ('(' 11~-C 11 1 ~f)l'OIIVC'rOl1( 111111(?
111i11I<' cl 11(' s,1,,111 1,1,s 11ll1i~(tts. Ils se 1jr,11issr.nl cl'1111 l,i~11f11it <'l
l'1111r rn,r,11 ,.,,,111c; clr Yn1,,,.,~, <'I clc <'C' ,, ,,c ,,,1,,,,t~
ne lt1isse 1>11i11I
<'1cl11c 111 1t11il,11li,l11 clc~ <:1,,,,,1,1ls (177). C'esl <'Il <'lfcl, 1111c 1l1i ..
,11ttll lllllll'llS(' (III a,(ICII() c'tlX Clll (llll f('J)(lllfltt R rl
'\'1111\\'~ e(
'c111c,t1C', cc,,~ <111i n1,1i,, ln ,lfnil<' (lR) 0111 ~Il\ l1<!11rnisn11ls cl.
l'l1~ > (l!t). c (:,,~ c1,1,r,11ls ~'r11 ~<llll rf'lo11111~s rl1r~ e11x nvec
1111 IJil11fnil ri 1111,, ftl\'<'111: cl<' \'1111,,t\, s1111s n,,c,ir ~,,~ lc,tl('ll!S ,,,11 le
1t<l11cl1t' 111111. Ils tlttl s11ivi l'C c111i 1,lnil i, ,,,,11,,(~. '\'1111,, csl ,l~le11-
.l'lll' <le ln Fn,t~t1r i111111e11se :t (l~(l). l~l celle Fnvc111 C'SI 1se1,c
(172) Sn11r. IIJ. 119.

( 173) ll>ltl 160. Nol11rt'llt111r1I l:11,~ rr lrn,nll <111i 114' ,c,,1,lrnil 1rr
illr l'l~ln,11 11nissnnl c111c clr~ ro11rl1~io1, <-c1tnines. no,,~ ,,~ ,11~ 11t1t111t
1
,1,111,tc clc l l'xp111~1,,,1 ,le ~ll-cli,,~. 1,n1 1..-~ E,1,iu1s 111ccq11,,i~, les N,,cli, J11irs
,,i ~l' ~l'1nlrnl ro111111c,111i~ n,(\(\ lc5 lclc1lftlr,s 111crq11ois.. C't~l v1nl1nenl <111
,,,1n11 pollc.icr f
(174) lbl,I . Jfi0-101.
(175) Ibid., 102.
(176) So11r. If, 1 IR.
(177) Sour. llf, 103-lfi5.
( 178) S'n,cil-il rie 1,, 1lir:1il<' l'()l1c,rl ( ?) r1t1 ,Ir l'l'n~nu<'111<-nl rl<,111 le r(cil
c,1111,nenr sour. 111. 1611. ( ?)
(170) So11r. Ill. ltifi.
(180) Ibid. 168.
LA GUEI\RE MDINOISIS 189
c i, (e11x<Jtti 011l 111igt. fi 11i 0111 t exp11lss de leurs hoitols, qtti
(,11l t 111olesls llo11s 1110n Cl1c111i11 1 ceux qttl ont con1bnllt1 cl
1111i c>11l l lt1s. J'cfTnce1i1i 1>0111 c11x lct11s 1nauvaises oclions (181)
t'l je les ferai e11l1er c11 ,les ,Ja1<li11s sotts lesc111els cottlenl des r11is-
se1111x : rco1111>e11sc ve1111e <le Yol1,v I Yol1,v a n111>1s de L11i l~n
ll(!llc Rco11111ense > (182). Voil ce qtti vot1s atle11d, vo11s fJt1i
c1c>J"l'7. 1 soyez <l<>nc co11slRt1ls ! Lttllez de co11stance I Lultc7. (le
c<,1111,gc I C1aig11cz l)ie11. Pettl-~lre se1ez-vous bienheureux > (183).
S'a,gil-il da11s ln so111nle J.,VII <1'1111 nuire engagement ent1e le~
11111s11l111r111iss 111(li11cis cl l<~s iclc,ldlres 111ecquois ? [4e lexie 4Jcs
1\cles esl l101l vug11e 1>ot11 ({t1'011 se 1>c11nelle e 1>1ciser.
J(I. Qt1'avcz-v<>t1s n 11e J)()11l fnire <lpc11se <la11s le Cl1e111in (le

'\"1111,v<', nl(>rs-q11c Yt1l1,v J>oss<lc l'l1riloge <les cieux et cle
ln lcl're ? lis 11e s<'1011l lloi11l gn11x (ceux qt1i n11101ll ntlc11clt1
(~I) (~CllX (JII 1,111111i VOIIS ntll'()lll fi,il (l1>e11se el C()lltl,nlltl
11vi111t le S11ccs : ces cl(~111ic. 1s scro11l t>ltts 110111s et l1i1n1cl1ic
,111c ce11x 'I 11i n111<>11t fnil cl1>c11se el co111bntlu a1>1s (le sttc-
,is). A l()IIS Cl~1,e11<li111l Yol1w 1>10111el la rfrs llelle nco1,1-
1>c11se (18:J).

(:c 1111ssnge, <l'n1,rs les cc,111111enlnlct1rs ferait c nllt1sio11 1111
s 11ctis 1,s i 1111>01 1,, 11 l > 1>c J> 11 is 1'!11,a ry q 11i n f ab1iqt1 la J> 111 p n 11
les l1islc11iellen 11l,s111(lcs <ll>11l s'nl,1<'t1vc11t e11jo111{l'l1t1i enc<>re le~
c,111111isn11ls, rc lexle s'111,Jll(fll<~1nil h ln convention cl'l-lo<lnl>i.vy11.
(:e cC'l'l>1c 1,11111111cl t 1,e11sc nt1ssi i, ln J>1ise <le IJe l\fcclltle c11 (~\(> 1
1
Il f11t1<l111il 1>t11 C<>11s<1t1e11l i11l<"'11,llC'1 ce verset 1() lie lo s,,11111lc

J.,\')f, J>ltl lc.!S ()e11x llllqltCS VCtsels cle Jn SOlll"Ole CX.
1. Q11on<I le sccot11s (le Yal1,v vie114)1a loi, oi11si <(tle le stll'-

ces.
2. Qt1Rn01clo11 1 I~n vrit, il est le Rvocole11r (18!i).
(IRI) t>n1lr, rr lrxlr ri l'n11lrr~ si111llnlrr~. nn fnil rrolre n11x pot1vrr~

11111s11l11,r111s ,,t,ti~ 1lr1>11i~ clt~ ~iclt, (fttc Ir 11,o~'l'n le 1>lt1s snr cl'ol,lcnir le!
1:11,l(>ll clr ~c!l r,1t1lcs, c~'csl clc l11r1 tl ,le 111,1tilcr rr11~ c111i 11c ~t1iven1 1,n~ ls
1c)t11111n11flc111c11I~ tir Y,11,,,i. (~'rsl t111c 111,~111,lil cl t111<' l'Sc10<1t1t."1ic ,lr1
lcxls c111'il l'SI l11111cl.ssil,lc le! 11011\'<'I" 11illc111s ((tic clnns l'lsln111.
(IR2) 11,icl., 194-105.
(183) 11,ld., 200.
( 1R1 ) SotIr. 1.. V I fi 10.
( 1R5) Sour. CX, -2.
1
' !J(' J., ISI.A~r AllAn~ l~N ~tAnC.IIE - LA OUEnnB
(:ctlc exrgse est ,1ni111c11t trot> fn11tnisisle. l . . nisso11s clone <le

1
,,,.~J>c>111 1i11slt111l J:1 c.:t,11,c11lit,11 cl'llocli1l,iyyn. No11s ltt rel1011vc-
.1 ( ) J Is 1) 1t Is 1(1 1 ( 1.
Il 11c>llS c~l i1111>cls~il,lc 1111ssi ,J',11>1,lic1 t1cr c11 lc>talc nss1111111cc

J:1 lr1lt1illc~ tl'()l1t>cl, l(s v<\1scls s11i,t111ls :
2:1. (\r:1l1\\'(~ ngil 11i11si) ll(_llll" (JIIC \'()llS Ile <l~seSJ)l~tiez pns (IC ce
'l ,1i ,c,11s ,, t'<l,itt>l>l~ (1><>111 cc1li1i11s co111111c11lt1lct1rs, il ne
~',1gi1,1il 1111lle111e11I cl'()l1<>cl> <'l 11c vo11s rC: j<>t1issic-z JlflS 1
<le ce
,111i \'(>tls ,, ,',tt~ 4Jc,1111. Y11l,,,, 11'oi111e J>tls l'i11sc,le11l 1>lt~i11
cl<' ~lt,1i,,I<' ( l 8(i).
~ 1. Ni 111i ~r11I :,,n1('S ri (>1 l,l1111r.11l n,,~ 1l0111111C's l',1,,1,1ice.

'<'11:-<
Q11ic,1111111~ 1,,11111(' Ir. tl(lS (c-sl :tlln11(l<>1111t' 1101 Y11l1,\'l~). ('(li'
'\'~1la,,1: r.sl le' S11fls1,11t i, S,,i-111l'111c', le llig11c clc J. . ,1111111gcs
(IXi'J.
l . t'S <':'<J>tcssis : ,,r ,l,'.4r."J)t:,.r'Z J)<I.~ ,I,! ,.,. q11i ,,,>,,.~ ,,

,:,,1,,,,,,>,?
,. i:\) ; ,,1,i,01,,111, 1,,11111, Ir ,ln." r.~t ,,1,,,11,l,,111,r. ,,,,,. l',1/111,,~ (v. ~ 1),
1111 11,>1> ,a,g11rs ri 11(,1 1-!;1,,,1nll'S 11>111 11f>t1s 1<'1111cll1,~ v1ni111<.'t1l
,,,, ,,('1,~c1 i, llllC cl,'f:1ilc l"()IICl"lc clt'S lllllStll111n11iss, ('ll('()l"C Jll()IIS
.:J ()11<><1.
N,,,,~ 11'c>~<'1i,,11s J>:ls 11,,11 1>lt1s 111c,1l1e 111111,,111 s111 l'l1c,111111c tlc>ttl
-
1
1 si 11n1l <l1111s 1:, ~,,,111:,tc 1\', 71.
f. J~Jl \'C'l"(<;, fll\l'III ,<lllS, il CSI cr1IC'S ((tle)flllllll fft! (('lll)lt)l'S<'.

Si 1111 e r n 11, 1, 1i 1(~ , <, , , s n 11 r i 1, 1, i I c1i 1n : c: \. 1, 11, , i~ 111 ' n c , >111 I ,1."~
C1'1111 1, (' 11 f 1t 1 1111 ( ( 11 (' I) 11 SC Il I l' j C Il' li ) >: l S (! ( l~ ( C~ 111 C) i Il n \'CC
0
CllX > (188) .
Pr11l-l1C' >, lil l\l1,,l1c,,~, s':!til-il t1t1 11cll11l,l<.' 111<.~cli11<>~ Al,cl-

1\ll:111 i.. ttt,,,~,
<111i, ,,,.,,,,1
()l1c1cl, (lc.~<c,11s< illt1 (l't'11g11gc1 li, l,nl1tillc~
1
J1c,1" clc l\fr(IIIC >. (:ctllllll(! lll)llS IIC C'<>lllllliSS<lJIS t>OS l1isl<>l<lll<'IIIClll
_, <'I l1011111,e, 11c,11s 11'i1111i<>11s ~n1<fc clc le Jlll'l lt<' c11 l'llttsc clr111s cc
. i 1. L<' 1nl,l>i11 s111>1lic cc 111011sil'11r ,le cc,111l,oll1c tln11s le (:lie ...
111i11 ,le '\'nl1,v - te <ftli notas fnil Jlcr1se1 Cfttc cet l1c,111111c 1>1t1tle11l
4'f:1il (l~jn 10J)i O )n tefig<lll <l'fstnl : QtlC (cc ]>Ctso1111nge) C<llll
c,11l1c ln vie i111111<liolc. A C(\ttx <111i, co111J,ntln11l cln11~ le Cl1ct1li11

cl(' Yol1,vc, sor1t ltts Oll sont Vllll((IIClll"S, NotlS (l()llllCl"OllS IIIIC
, ( 18(;) (~tir. for111,1lr : 1n1,,,,~ ,,,,;,,,r ,,as l' / 11.!oll"nl 11lei11 tl<! yloriclr, ~c
1=,,1r(>t1,c (lnns ln ~ottr:,lr 1\', 4().
(1117) So\tr. J.,\'ll. 23-2~.
(188) Sour. IV, 74.
LA GUERRE ?tlDINOJSE 191

1lril>ttli,>11 i111111e11se > (180). Le 111011de qt1i nous enlot1re, dit le
1nl,l>i 11, est 1>0111 ai 11si (li ,e (1 i ,,is en tle11 x granlles o tgori es :
,~c11x <ttti cc>111bRlle11l <ln11s le Cl1c111in <le Yal1w et ce11x q11i co111-
l>nllcnt ,ln11s le Cl,e111in <les 'l'glaoftl (10()). C'est ces <ler11ie1s qt1e
,.,,,1s, 11111st1l1na11iss, vo11s <levez ,,o,1s atlnqt1er sans r1>it. Mais cer-
li1i11s 1,it1111i vot1s so11t rlicc11ts : c N'ns-lt1 point vu ce11x qui il est
tli l : l\f cl lez l>ns les nr111es I Acco11111Iisseez la Prire et do11nc1:
l'A111,1f>11c 1 > Q11n11,l il lc111 est Jlt"esc1it <le co111bnttre, voici qu'11r1e
r,11l~ti,>11 ,l'<'11l1e c11x 1e(l011le ces gens l'gal de Yal1V\1 ou plt1s
c11<~<1c, el s'c1ie : c Scig11ct11, 1>ot1rqt1oi 11ous as-t11 prescrit <le
(,,111IJ11ll1e ? Qt1e ne 11011s 1c1>01les-t11 t111 terme prochain 1 >
l\(r'l)(lllCls-(lc11r) 1\1<,ll(llllllle1s c1t1c 121 Vic l)c111i1e est 111cillet1re 1101,r c1t1i est J>ettx. (Att
j11gc111c11l clc111ic1) 11<,t1s 11e sc1ez 1>oi11l lss <l'1111c pellicule clc
clatll<' > (l!)I). c ()i1 (fttP. vclll~ soyez, ln 11101t volis ntlei11<l1e, ft1s-
sl'z-,,111s C'll (les l<>t11s J>t1isst111les > (1U2).
1\l:11<11<?. clc,11c. nit co111l>nl : c Qt1ico11qt1c tour11e le <los (Ali cc,111-
1,:,t) ,l<~~c,J,fit h )'nl1,,, :, (l!):I>. (l11i, c con1l.>Rls <lans le Cl1emi11 etc
\':111,,i~ 1 '1'11 11c s<.1ns ,~1,,1,g <111e (le 1011 (11nc I I~nco111ngc-les
(:1<>~'1111ls 1 [lc11l-rlrc Yi,1,,,,(~ cc>11j111t'1,,-t-il ln 1igt1et1r <les l11fi<lc.\lcs
('111l1c v<,11s. '\tnl1,, e~l l)l11s 1c<lottlnblc c11 1igt1ct1r et c11 cl1C,ti-
111<11l > (l!J 1).
A\'CC ln so1111llc! I\' tlis1>r11nil <les Actt?.~ cle l'J./am lot1l texte qtic
Jts <"cl111111,11l:1l(~t11~ se1t1ic11t lc11ls (l'i11lc1"1>1tcr co1n1ne to11t e11
1cl~1li<,11 11,cc la l>11lnillc <1'()110(1. Celle J,ntoi)le 011 J>lttl<"'>t cet c11gn-
g<.111C'11l c111i n 1>1is 111,c 1>lnrc si i1111>01"ln11le cln11s les l~cncles 1n11st1l-
1,,n11C's, 11'11 ce1>ct1cln11t ll1iss n11ct111c ltncc 1,ien precise ans les
,\,/,.~ ,Ir l'/,/,1111. 'J~c,11t cc ,111c l'<>n pcttl <li1c, c'est que rt11s Jrs
11111lli1>lcs <.'c>111l>1tlR cr11'ils liv1tlic11l le11rs o<lversaires, les 111t1st1l-
1111111is<~s t!l:1ic11I ln11tf,t vil~lo1ic11x, co1111nc fiollr, tn11tl l>oltt1s. Il
~~ i, nt1ssi 1111 fnit l>t"'nttc<>tll> 11111s i1111lo1tn11t q11i se <lgnge <Ill 1cit
le l<>ltl<'s ers lttlles. 1"oltl <l'11l>o1cl, l'i1111,1n lif et l'es1l1it de ces lt1t-
lcs est 1'1 111clt1e n l'nctir (1t1 1nl,J,in. C'C'st le ral>l>in qt1i o <lfi11i les
,,.1,,r1sni1rs: <l't111 cl\t, il y n les 1,111st1l111n11iss, Rotlfls ncl11cl-
lc111<'11l h l\l<li11r., s011s lo <li1ccti1n in1111(linte de ft-lol10111111cis,
fltli 1rrt1sl 11l al,solt1111e11l <le ql1ilter ln 1cligion (le Jct11s nncl1rs,
1
c111i 011l cx1>11ls l\l<,l1n111111c,I cl les 111ttst1l111oa1iss de Lo Mect111e cl
( 1R!Jl So11r. IV, 7(1.

(l!Jll) /t,i,I., 77-78.
(l!JI) lbi,/., 79.
(1!12) Ibid., 80.
(l!J:i) 1/,id., 82.
(101) Ibid . 86.
! !J~
111i c,,11li1111rr1I i1 ,,(t1111c1 111 l{11'li1, celle l{n'l>o (Jtt'ils <>ni t1s11r1>c,
1 11i"(J11'c11 1c~nlil.~, clil le 1a1IJIJi11, ln l{r1'l,n o l r,,11cle J>nr Ab111l1n111
c,11111,c lr1111>l1~,le ,,,1,,,.,,, le J>ict1 tJ11ic111e cl 'l"<>ttl-Pt1isst111t. l ..es lex-

~ 11<' clisr11I 1ic11 clc 1>lt1~. 111n;s t~ 11et1 <ftt'ils no11s r11co11lent rst
lcji, c,,11si<l1nt,I<' Il l:1 , ,1it1,l,lc tcc<)11stit11ti,,11 l1isll11i,1uc ,les
11igi11cs cle ttslt11,1 111,11,(~.
!). - LA (:AM PAONI~ OES F<>SSl~S (G2 ?) .
l . . es esca1111ot1cl1r~ e11l1e ic1Qll\l1es <le J..,a Mecc1t1e et 111t1st1ln1n-

11iss 11,tli11ois cl11rc11t l1c assez f1qt1enles. I. . a sot11ale VIII 1ne11-
li<>1111e 1111c <le ces 1e11cont1rs, q11'011 11e _peut i(lentifier 11i avec nn,1t
11i nv(\c ()110<1. <:elle fois, il 11e s'agit pl11s <l'11n gt1el-epens i1nagi11~
1>n1 les 11111st1l111a11iss 111<li11ois po11r nllnqt1e1 la cnravnnc rlescc11--
<l1111t (le S}1ie. J..,n 1c11co11l1e n t111 tottl at1lre aspect qu' Daclr. Cc
S<>t1l lcs i<l<>llres 1111i celle fois 011t l'i11ilintive. c Ils so1tirenl <le lettr
l1nl,itnl nvec 1>011tJlC et <>sle11lAtio11 pt1l1liqt1e ; ils cartaient dt1 Cl1e-
111i11 cle ,~,,11,v, ulo1s c111c Ynl1,v (<le Sn science) e11velop1>nit cc
,111'ils fnisoic11t > (195). Il 11c s'ngit 1>lt1s ici <l't111e atlnqt1e par sur-
,,,is<, 111ois <1't111e sotlie <le provocntion. l~e l)1non, ot1 fon<l, se
111<1(Jt1r1il (l'e11x et Ifs l>c1nnil. Il le11r fnisail croire q11'ils lnie11l
i11,i11cil,lt~s. JI~ loie11I gc,11fls <l'o1gl1eil. Mais Lic11tt ln vtit le111
111)1>111l1l, <ln11s to11le sn 1t1(lcssc. Qt111ncl les <le11x ttot1pes f11re11t en
v,1~ 1'111,,~ (le l'i111l1c, le IJc!111(>t1 fit 11101cl1e n1rirc cl <lit a11x J11ri-
cll<'s : c .Je ne sttis pns 1rs1,011snble tic vo tas. Je vois ce q11e vo,1~
11C' ''())'CZ ,,ns. Je c111i11s Ya,11,v, et Yal1,v est ler1ible en Son Cl1fi-
li111c,1I > (IUO).
(:l1<'1s lcclct11-s, vc,t1s n vcz <lo11c s,lt1s 1es ye11 x le tex le des A cl r -~
,f,, 11.~1,,111, VIII, 4!)-fl(), c111e je vie11s <le 1etlt'O(lt1ire votre inlentio11.
(:t' lcxl', c,,111111e v<111s J>ot1vez le constnle1, 11e pe11t s'nppliqtter 1',
()l1c><I; il 11c rap1>elle, e11 cfel, e11 rien t1ne dfaite des mt1s11l1no--
11iss. Il 11c 1>et1t 110n 1>111s s'np1>liq11er Ila<lr, puisque ce rezzott (le
ll11cl1 n <.~t <lt1{ftnis pnt les 11111s1,l111n11iss ,le Mfli11e. Ici, (1nr1~
<tltr 11c,11vcllc t"t'nc<111l1c, J'i11itintive a t prise pAr les idoldtres
111cr<111,)is. c:es vers<'ls ..f~)-5() cle ln s011role VIII ne visent 11ar co11-
~ttc1l1c11I 11i ln victoite h llnclr <les n111st1l1nnniss, ni la vicloi1e n
{)l1,>-
J,i11 11<lt1s 1r1cc111le e11 (les lc1111cs <l'nillet11s ossez veg11es, une allA<Jtlr.
111:111c111,~c clc's iclolflll'cs, <>cc,1pn11ls (le ln l{nJ,a, contre les Arnl>r~
l'Oll\'rtlis li )n 1eligion (l'lstr,l el 1rtlUs O fvfdi11e.
C:'csl h. r.eltc 11ot1vcllc ntlu<Jtte (Jtle se rfraient ettssi )es v. 0-11
<le 1tt ~<1l11nlc XXXIII :
!). Cl votas c111i croyez f 1a1>1,eJez-vo,1s le bienfait de Yo11,v e11vf?1~

vo11s, qt1nnOllr vo11s I Yol1,v s11r ce (Jtle fnisoie11t (ces e11ne11ais)
r11t clairvoyant.
( 19!\) S(>t1r. VIII, ~O.

(196) Ibid., 50.
13
J!11 ,
J, ISI.A~I All,\111~ ~N ~fAl1r.11E - I.A GUEnnE
1(). ()11,111tl ils 111:,rcl1"1c11I r<111l1,, (le l<>ttles 1>n1ts, q11n11<l

,011s,
,,1~ 1rg111,ls Sl' lt'l1111111c1,1 (clc lr11c111), ,111c vos C<~t11s
1t'lll(llll<:'1c11( i.l \'(>ltc.. g111gc, el ffllC V<>llS C'II VllfCS fi StlS()CCtc1
)'nl1,,.
11.1~,, c~llc ci1<c,11sl1111<c, lcs <:1>)rl11ls ft11c11l c\1,t(>ll\'<'~ <'I vio-

l l' 111111 (11 l t' 1)1i 11 l I t S ( 1~ ) .

()11c le ~c1111:ll 1 X.XXIII, !)-11 cl l11 S(1t11nlc ''Ill, fi(), 1n1111ellc11l

l_t 111111e r,,;11r111r11l, <,~sr 11c1s~il,I~. l)n1,~ l<'s clc11x <11s, les l<~Xf('~
14 ,111 lllCtll<lll cf'tllll' \'l'lt,ite .. c)( S IIIIIStlllllllllS(~S Cl)ltl1e tlllC' rc11lc
1
1,,,1111(' cl'i11fi,lilts ,t1111~ clt1 ctc,f1<1rs, c'csl-it-(li1c ,le J. . n 1\Jcc,1t1r : cc~

i,,ri(ltl,s it11i(111 1,ll<'11t<'t1I 11,111l>1c11~, 1111,>gr111ls (\1 sf11s (le 1:, ,i~-
lc,i1t', ((li~ lrs 1111,,,,,l111:111ist!i c11 f111c11I 1r1111,lis clc f1n~'c111. Ils sr
111i1C'11t i, cl,,1tl<'1 4lt' ''t1l1,,c~ 111i, l'(')>l'll<l1l11I. les ~,,11lC'11nit flV<'< ~<'S
lt~ic,11~ ,l':11cl1r1111~l'" i11,isil1lcs <'l 1111i, li1111lt111l'ltl, lct11 clc,1111:1 l11
,icle1i1c. l 111,, 1(~ cil' 1>111~, 1< s 1,111s11l111t111isl~S IJll'<li11c,is (1(>11111l1nic11l
cl1s icl1l:''tl1<'s (lt 1:, l\:11,:1.
,\ll,11s-1,,,,,s :1l:1114lc,1111f'1 <'('~ lrxle~ XXXIII, !l-1 l ; VIII, fi() SJltl~
:111t1<' cc,111111C'11l11i1c '! l:1isc,11s l,ic11 nllc11li111. Si Vl>tl~ lis<.'Z et tC'liscz
:I\'('(' tl:1i1,,,~,111t'(' f'('S lr~ll'S, ,.(l\lS 11 1
)' ll'()tt,'Cl"(\7., Cil tfl'('t,l'CI\ cle
11111" 111c t'(' 11t,ll'-; :1,(,11s ,lil. ( )i1 S(\ siltlt! le lictt clc C<'llr 1r11C<llll1e ?
:111t1111 ll'Xlf' el,s ,\,/,. 1,c~ llf>tls le clil. QttPllrs f111c11I l<'s 1,c1st11111r,-
lit,~, tftli 11i1<11I 11:111 :', ('tllc 11ll:1r111<.~ ,1t1 ct,t 11,cC((ll<lS, cl h ln
1 ' ( f (. 11 s ('. CIl I r ;, l c.\ 111 c ( 1i 11 C) i~ ? f ., (' s 1(' X IC !i n l l 11 1(' 11 ' i (l l 1(' ~ C l 11 is 1') ,.i (l 11 Cs
~11t 1,,11,lc111l'ltl lltlttI~ s111 ,~C'~, fli,t1ses ri1(<>11slt111ccs et 11e 1,c11,c11t

':1lisrni1,, 11,,l1c l<giti111" c111i,,silt'. 1~:,111-il 1>n1 ro11s<~<111c11t 11ot1s 1si-
~~11c1 ;, Il(' l'C'II s:1,<,i1 tf(' l)l'l't'S s111 (.'Cllt' l>nl11illt > cl (ll\(({'t IIClS 1
l-~l('s, i11s11list:,i1~. <l 1111,11g1,,t111ls ? 11 ,,s le 111,,i11s (lt1 1no11(l<~. J.,cs.

,1,1:111isi111ls s,1111 li, tI ,,,11R 11'11111i<'7. 1,i,s <'l1ro1c 11c<111is l'fi111c C'<>l"tl-
1,i,,1111,,:. Ri \'c11s ,.,,,1s i111n~i1,r1. 1111 sC'11I i11sln11l r111<' t"t'S l,c,11s s11vn11ts
11"11ll11ic11l 1111s, ,1111, 111s lc111111111111e11l nlc1lc, ve11i1 011 secl>l11s tic
11 f t l 1(' i lt 11f >IJ111 l' (' .
N,,1111t"llc111{'Jll. (i1,11clcr,,1~-l)('lll()llll)~'IICS, R ,ot1l11 111>J)ll)1 S()II
1c'til ~i vi,11111 s111 cl<'~ Sltt1ct'S l1islc>1i,111es. J.,cs St'ttls (111i 11,,11s
i11lc;,.C'~s<'11I, l'e sc111I (\,,i<lc111111c11t les lcxl<'s <les 1\c.fr. ,le 11.~1,,,1,,
llt)IIS Ile sc1c>llS (l 1
11illl'llls ,,ns C'lll]>tll"l"OSS~S <1011~ CC J>10J,]r111c. l'n11-
lc111 s11~-11r1111111 11C' ritn11t fJ11'1111 srt1l lexie clrs A,~tr.~ : c Si ,,,,,,~
<..lts i11,:t111ls, ,a,t,,,.(;(,tlllS (l1ftli,-1n). JI <'Sl s11(lsn11I t\ S<,i-111P111c h
l't'1(i11cl ,le , . ,,,s. Il 11'ng1-~<'1n 1>11s l'i11~1ntilt1le ,le Sc-s s<'rvilc111s. Si
,,)tls f-1~ 1r<,,1111:1i"s1111I~. Il ng1c;<'111 ,rln clc ,,<,tts. N11llc l\111c 11c J>Ot'-
1,,1:1 1,, r,,ix (l'ltll(' ,,,,11c. 1:11st1ilc, \'('l'S V(>l1c Seig11ct11, SC fet'tl V<>lre
( l 97) So t1 1. X XX111, 9- t 1
I .. A OUERRE MOINOISB 195
1ol<>t1r et Il vo11s n\ise1n ()c ce (Jtlc vo11s accomplissiez :. . Ce texte est
1,1is tln11s ln souro le XXXIX, 9. Cel te sotll"Rle la11l inconteslable-
111c11 l 111ecr111oisc, il csl (lifTicile (le voir com111ent elle pot11rait reln-
lt'1 les v11c111e11l~ 111tli11ois. Il y a 1>lt1s : co1n111ent ce texte. <Jtle
,,,,,1s nvcz Rotis les ~'e11x 11et1l-il tre flllllel pot1r j11slificr celle
a1sst'1li(>11 ~111is<' 1>01 (iott<l{'f1oy-l)e1)10111by11es lt1i-1n111e : c Ai11si,
le~ t:,,11111 1>111n1e ln 1>rcssio11 q11e -~1<>11n111111ed va nccenftll'r sttt'
'Al>. UIJn)')' el ses Af,111,ifiqt>,r. r-t st11lot1l sttr les Jttifs. l . . c
<<,111111c11l1ti1e 111el les lln11ti Nn<ll1i1 el les Dn11Ct Qornzn <lnns le pa1ti
cl'Al>ti S11fyl\n > (198).
l~l (li1e qt1c c'est c11 se 1ff1011t cc settl texte <les Acles ,Ir
l'l.~ln111. q11c tles snvn11ls ce1)e11<lnnt r1>t1ls 1111l!silent 1>ns 1101ts
l'l'l1nr~1 (le 1>1le11(l11s fnils l1isloriques.
1~11 J,ic11, voilit .1 tl<>tls tlisc11t-ils : ces lexies XXXIII, 9-11, VIII.
fi(l, c111i 11,ltts n,nie11l 11n111 l>ic11 ,,ngt1es, sont ntt contraire trs co11-
cr('ls. S'ils 11c s'n111,lic111c11l 11i h lln(lr, 11i Ol1otl 1>nr co11l1e, ils se
1<r,-.1P11t o 1111c n11t1c cn11111og11e, (Ille les co111111enlnte111"S d,1 gc111c
("(l111i,111r ont ,t~110111n1c Cnn1pag11e drr Fo.~s. Nt1llc pa1t clans les
A,tr.~. il 11'est pn1l cx11licilc111e11t <le Cf'lle cnm11agne <ltt Foss ;
111i1is JlCtt i1111>01le, il s'ngit q11a11d 1nn1c (IRns nos deux textes tic
("<'lie cn1111>ng11c I Ne 11osc7, t>ns <lnvn11lngc <le questions. cl ne SO)'C7.
1,r,s i11(ti~<!1cls. O'nillet11s, le silr11ce (1t1 texte n t con1bl 1>a1' t111r
f<>ttlc ,l'l1islo1iellc~ ,IE>s co111111("11lnlc111s (Ille nos pe11v1es co1n11i-
~=111ls 1(tJ1l(\11l nvcc v1ni111c11t t1c11> <le ca11de11r. cest pour e11x le
s111111ltt111 ,le ln scie11r~ C(>1n11ifJt1e f I.Jes l1isloriettes <les co1n11t<'tt-
li1lrt11s nanl,es 1en11>l11cc11l cl1cz e11x l'o11nlyse nusl1e (les lexies.
nn1>1>clrz-vot1s l<'s tlc11x lexies 1>1cils. Je vnis 111ai11lcnont ,,nl1~
f11irc c11l<~J1(l1e le~ Jlngcs c1if es J>Ar Gntt<)ef1oy-De11101nl>J'tte!-I st11
<elle <n1111,11g11c c1tt F,1~s. Vot1s Jl<1t11r(\7. <le cette fno11 J>nsser Clllcl-
t ( l 1<' S IJ () 11 S 11 Sl O111~ <' 11 1. <' g tl 1. (10 1l 1 ]e V Ie Ill e 11 ( 1>Q l. f n i t CIl I e Il t J (1C11JC'
,l<,111 11cls snvn11ls l1nl)illc11t le lexlc <les Arles. Ecottlez IJic11 cc
1(il:
l . 1~ f4'<1ss1~ (I{11ANllAQ). 1. ,, 1si.-./a11cc fl l'allaq,,e qr1rair/1ite (l~)!l) .

c 1>111n11l les 111oi~ c1t1i st1ivi1c11t ln dfaite des 1nl1s11l111n11~ ;,
( )lac,cl, l\lul111111111e(l 1t1ssil clone n 111oinle11i1 <fans sn t>elile (10111,c
(lfJR) (iAUl)F.FllOY-l)E~fflNOVNlt~. Of). ~,, . ,,. 152 .. l.-'nt1lcur clll, r,. 1a41,
()11 ~1,i,rn li le 1lit (le~ r,,ils s,,,. le ,,,clc11x croq11is <tttc Hn111i<l,1llr1l1 i,
ltit11 \'<>ttl11 n1c r(1111111t111i,111r1 ; J'njc,11fc c111'il csl le J>tcmicr <li1c c111'il c~l
11n1f<,is l111,otl,liq11c >. (\'(ir 101,(c 511ivn11lc, il '1101,os tic ln ~n1,111~1g11t' 1111
1~,,~!l;t'). 11 esl vrni111enl p11~ril clc ~lier, Il l'<1~~nsior1 ,t,,nc
cn1,111nR11c <Ir f;~1.
l:1 1,r(111~lil11tio11 rnllc e1, 1953, pnr un 1n11~11l111n11 qui 11e J,,illc l)RS 11n1 111
rr il i(t tl(? l1 i stori<tttc.
(100) GAuna1-novDEM0NnYNFs, n1c111J,re (le l'l11slllul, Pnrls, 1057, op. rll.,
}). 140-152.
1.. 1.c;f .. ,\ 1\1 A RA Ill~ 1-:N If,\ nr.r JI~ - J..A GUEn J\E
l:1 c<,11rin11rr el l'111<lr111 g11c11i<'t<' cl h lcn<11e s<,11 n11l,>1il st1r

1>l11siC't11s l1il>tl!'l cl11 l lcclj111;. JI n,nil, e11 111111e 1<'1111,s, veill citez
,1n11(1t'S (le,., 111rri:111t(' 011 clc l'l1os(ililf. Al,() S11fJ t\11 C()llll)ll (Jlle 1
le 111,1111r11I rtnil ,r1111 ,l~f>t1J1111isc,, n,ec lr111 cc>11cot11s 1111e 1>11issn11lc

c~,,t~1lilic,11 c,,1111,, f\licli11c. Il 1c1111il, 011lcl111 ,les Q111ncl,iles cl cle
1C 111 s 1 \ I, (; ,, ; r ,, C1(s 1( i l l I 11 n t C1(> s ( ~ 11: ' 1:' r:i 11 ' (1Cs ( t" n 7. n r 11 (' 1 (1Cs 1\1(111. (l '
clts ,\s,ljn, ,IC's S11l1111, cl<'s.A~n<I, ,les .f11ifs (?), elc. ; <lix 111illc l101n-
111c's, ,lc,1,t cllt1x ,t'11ls cn,nficts (:?fK)>. llc1111 1>1r1r11c1 lt~ 111nssn<~1e
clcs Il. (J<>11t1.11, l:1 11:,clili()ll nll1111(.. (fllC les .ft1irs s'c1111>l<>y1e11t
;1t1i,c1,1{'111 1111 s('1,i<( l'Al,,i S1,r,:"1,1.
I\ f (>( 11111111 t C ( 1, l l \. (' 11 C) C l C g 1',111 c1 1': 1SS (' 111 1>) (' 1l l r. 11 I, 1 l l Jl l, SC ICl 11 )n
lr:1,liti,,11, l1c,i,; 111ilJ,, ~ll('l"l"('l'S. Il r.sl ('(Ile r,,is l,('ll tl(;c:icl(~ 0 llC 1,ns
"'li1 ,,(~ l\lLcli11f l .1s l)()ll-l'()llll>11llt111I~, les f< 11111l('S cl lt..8 ~,1r:111ls
1

1
1cslt1c,11I 111111s le" 1C:cl11ils ,111e (lts lc,<'s clc! lc11c jc,ig11c11t e11l1c
,.,,~ ; l'rtsis si :1i11"i ,lc\f< 11,l11r.. l ~-111 le c.c'\l le 1>l11s <'Xll<lS<~ il rsl
1
l'lll'1<)1 )ltlt' 1111 r(l',~(~ /./1,111,/tlff ()II Il c)(lllll S(lll 11(1111 il l't Vl'll<'IIIClll. 1
~;,.1,,11 lt, ltttclilic,11, l'<' f<>s!:l' Il ,,11! c1,,11s ~,,r lC's i11,licntic>11s ll't111
l)('1s<', S:1l111:\11 11l-l:i1isi, 1111ric11 C's(l:tvc lil>1 1>111" 1111 111nit1<' jt1if
~~1:it(' :1 l':lt>J>ll titi )l1c,t>lll'f(' ; J:1 )g<'ll()C C'll Il f11f Je (>tc1((>l~'J>C
l1:111sc.c11el1,11t cl,, l'l1r111C'II 111t1s111111nr1 (2()1).
I.,~ 111111,,li'il<" fc,1t111issr.11t s,,, .. l't . 1111>ln<e111c11l ,lt1 lc/1a11,l,1q <lcs
1c11srig11('1tt<'t1ls 1t1i t>l"1111C'lltlC'11I, s:111s ,lc>ttl<, ,Je 1~ fixc)t nctlc11ac11l
111:l11cl c,11 cc,1111:1iss1I ltt ,.,~,,,,,tili,,11 cl<'S cli,c'ts <1t1n1lie1~ <ln115
1.,:,sis : l'l'tlx cl,s ,\11s cl les l{n1.1:1tlj r111i 11'n,nie11l 1>cli11t cl1n11g,
11,,1, 1,l11s ,,,,,. ("C'ltti clCls l\. <J,,1n1.~,. f..,<'s E111ig1s, si,11s cl(>ttlr, l1ol>i-
l:1i<'11l I<' ,111n1lil1 clt's Il. (J111111r1:1', ,,1 1<--s 1>nl111e1ni<'s ,les Il. N1tc111ir.
1'<' i11,litnlic,11 1\<st? ('~I fc,11111<' 1>01 lln111i<lt1ll1ll1 n11q11el <>Il n
11111111,~ 1'1111<' flts 1,i<11<''i 111 1<','"-lc 111cr1l le /,l,cr,,,1,,q : clic 1>01le 1111~.
1
i11sc1i1,1i,,11 r111i ~~, g:1ir111t'11I t11,1t1J11l1(', c-n, elle 11111il lt,.s 11<>111~ ,le
l\l,)l1,1111111tcl. cl',\l,11 l\tllt1. ,le ',\li cl cle 1\lc1n,,,j~n; 111nis il 11e 1,n1111t
1:1s clt,11IC'11x ,111'rll<' ~c,il 1111 sc,11,r11i1 11t1ll1t11lic111<' ,111 F<ls~ clc Snl-
111ri11. ()1) ~II\'l.fl iti lc 1fci( clC'~ f11il~ Stlr lt' JltcicttX Cl"O(JU~ (JIIC
1
l l:1111iclt1ll11l1 n lit11 ,c,11lt1 111c l'c>1111111111i1111c1" ; j'njot1le qt1'il est Je

,,,e111ic1 i, cliae 111"il tsl J>n1fois l1~1><>ll1tirtt1c.
'1'0111 le 111c,1,,1., t1nvnillc 011 ]i'(1~s<~, les .J11ifs l't1x-111r111cs. 1... c Jl10-
,,l,ilc .1,,1111c.' l'c~<'lll(>lc. l)<'s i11cicl,,,,1s 111irnct1let1x nllcsle11l l'n1pt1i
I',\ 111111 (~()2). 1.. r f>1,,11l1i,ll' est c:<,11vc1t clc ll>11ssi,,1c ; il c11l,,1111c,
i,,t, S('~ t"c,1111>r1g11,,11s, tl<~ c:11111,ls <'11 1a,lj,,z, c'csl~,-,li1c e11 111,>~c
0
1~111111('<? cl 1i111t(' .-:,,,/j' (flli SCOlltlc11t IC's lllOIIVClllCIIIS <les t1nvnil-
(2ftf)) X, I. 1lll; 1,l:111 ,1,1 I, 1,,,,,,/,1,1 tl:111~ lln111icl11ll:1f1. ll,,lllrs, 1>. 25 ri

,.1,,,11,~.
(2,11) RI. f. l~!I); 1\lnc;~i,~11c>11 : ,~11l1~tn11 P,,1-.. X, I, 1-14; XI.IV. 172;
llc11,),,ll1. : ,lrr l~t,i,,,. 7. 178 et sq.
( 20 2 11 6 f 29 ; 111 8, 211 ; X 11, 3, 2 28.
LA GUEnnE MDINOISE 197
lc111s. Les co111111c11l11lcl11s titi l,nditl, r1>lent bien l1aut que ce ne
s011( poi11t cles vers, cnr Mol1n111111ctl 11c sAurnit lre tin pote r/1'ir
n 111 11t(><le 1,1fisln111iq11c. l)'oillct11s les radjaz ne sont pas cle ltti,
111nis l'Al)t Ra,,,t\l1a (203).
.. .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. .
. '. . . . . .. . .
. . . .. .
l\lnis le Foss i1111>10,,is C'l i11nllc11<ltt de M<line lrottl>ln f(>1l
lc'S c11,,nl1isse11rs et Al>ft St1f)rn et1l J,esoi11 <le lottle so11 R11to1il(!
1><1t11 fni,c co111111l'11ce1 l'olln<111e. Un g10111>c de cavaliers O)'Otll
,ec,111111 t111 Jloi11t 1>a1lict1li1'c111c11t ltoit (ltt foss, s')' ln11n el 111it
IC' c<l11l11(I nvcc les l\1<li11(,is ; 111nis 'Ali l11a leur chef, el ses 110111-
11,cs s'C'11rt1i1e1,t en <ls<lr<ltc.
<:<~1,t'11<li111l les 11111s11l11 1n11s 11'r.lnie11t 11oi11t si rnsstrrs qt1'i)s
11'1,('ltl 1t1c.lf1t1cs tnols n11,l1es il 11cl1esser ntt P101>l1te ! Il
11l11s ,, ,,,.. 0111is l<'s l1sc,1s (le l{cs1l\ cl (le Csn1, et no,1s 11c 1>011vo11s
111111c 1,J11s nller n ln selle lrn11q11illc111c11t. On 11c pet1l 1>lt1s s<>1li1
(l:111s <c 1)111 ,I<~ li, ,,iJlc ll S(l1 et se 1c11(l1~ en Iiett pr(>t>ice >. I . . cs
().1111,ll1iles ,it't111~11l cl1:1<111c 111,il le11le1 le J>nssnge <IL1 Foss. Le
Pt'OJ>l1lc a bien f1oi<l ; il ,n, (le te11111s en tc111ps, fni1~ tin S(>1n111(,
cl:11,s l,s l,1r1s c1c 'Ai<l1t1 011 <le U111111 Snl111a ; n1nis n ln 111<,in<l,c
,,tcrlc il se lve (204).
. . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. .. . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . ' . .. .. .. ' .
c 1111 11,c,is Jlttss:,. (l11 'l11il c11 1,ivet. Allnl1 <'nvoynil 1111 vctll ci11-
~ln11l <ftti 1enversnit les lcnlcs el l<'ignnil le fet1 sot1s les 111n1n1ilcs:
111 ll>lta1ilt11c 111i,11<111nil tJ0111 les l,les. l~I p11is, ce n'tnil 1>oi11t 1111
g11c11e ,,,,c les A1i,l~<'s 1,11ss(~11t s111>1><1le1 longl<'1nps. Al>t S11r~,,'\,1
s<'11lit c111'il l:,il g1l111I lc1111>s (I<' s'c11 nllf'r. Sel<>n ln lra<litic,11, il
< 11fc,111cl1n si vile st, tl111111cllc ,,,1'il l11il (l.in en selle q11nncl 011 l11i
1
,,1,lt,,1 1'11111,1,,c tic si, <1t111l1i111c 1>11llc. l ..e fl<,I <le l'n1111c le st1ivil,
ri 1'l,1l1i1111111e,I 1c11l1n t1n11<111ille111e11l n l\ft~(lir,e, sn11s esc111isse1,
c,,tlc r<1is, l11 l>1,1v11(lc l't111c 1>(Jt11s11itc <(tti a111ail J>U 1110I tc,11111c1.
c:,,11c <,11111,11g11c g11,,11ii,1e nv11il fi,il 1lct1f 111<>1ts : six n1t1s11l1111,ns l'i
(11is i11(1(,)'tllllS (2():>) >
. J(' ll'at 1ie11 n <li1e ISOIII CCS J>Of.?eS. C<>lllnlClll CSll lltl!\S1,1c
C'll
t111'c11 t;1i,c s111 Il' 11l.'t\11I (le 11n1<illC'~ l11ct1l>1olio11~ ? Et ce <1t1i rsl
1,is1,,, ( '~:;l (Ill(' llll1~ ("('~ rl11l11l,111lio11~ SOlll ftlllt>itl('S el i11si111rs,
1
,,111!, ,,11 <'SI cc,11~i<l~1, <l:,11s l( 1lni11s 111ilic11x, co111111e co1011isn11I

1
sc~1ic,,1x. ,,.,,,1c111c,i 11t' ~<'~1-il 1>11s l1(lt1v,~ ,111 se11l n111i <le 1\1. C.n11l<'-
r11,,-l)l111111l,)'llt~ 1)(111,. l't'1111,l\cl1l'1 tle <~l01e 1111c cn1ri1c ,111i,c1-
~<,Ic-111c11I 1cco11r111e C(l1111nc l1011orRl>l~, J>or 110 011vrage d'11n ncn-
1,il si llC'II c1iliffllC ('( ,~IIP-llll'lll 1111t>clr, et qtte les ft1l11rs r,1clil~
\()lll"IICl"()llt l,ic.'llll>t Cil 1it1icttlc l

(20:i) If, 6f, 20, R ; 111. ti, fl82; IX, 2, J, 51 et s.
(2tl-l) XII, .'f, 2:1:1 ; 1,Vll, 10R.
(2()5) XI, 1, 1499, 8 ; El, 2, 951 ; XJ.,IV, 271 cl s. ; VI, 126.
lit. (lJ,(tlll ..~P.IE DES c:A111r-s.
/\ ftl J>1ic1(le lllC(.'(fll(>SC, it )'(>OCJlle OI Je rnbl>n ne foisnil )n

~11c11c sni11le> f(t1'1l\'ec (l<.'S lc:,clcs sc1i1>t11rnires, Je prol,l111e cles
,.11,til's 11c se J>(lSnit ll<111 ,,i11si tli1c ,111e d'ttne fuon to11le <log1nn-
1i,111c (JII IJ1t>l'(JllC :

5. 1.rs l,1,1s l>t>i1c,11l n (les co111,cs 1lt,11 t Je 111lu11gc sc10. (le cn111-
11l11c,
(;. s,,111c.,, 111t,11 1c1:1 j:1illi1 11l,1>11cl11111111c11t (>li J,,,i1c>11t les Sc1-
,ilct11s le ,:ll1,,i~.
. S111 lr11(' 1 tt s 11 t'IIX t\(ll<'lll fil)<. S l 1('111"~ t>l'()IIICS~CS. Ils

c1:1ig111tit11I 1111 j,,111 clcttl le 111nl sc111 1111i,e1scl.
8. ll'i clct1111:1ic11I l;1 1,,,,1,1il111c (l<lt11 l'1,111t11 (clll Scig11t~111)

i,11 ,,,,11,1t', i, l'C >11>l1eli11 cl a,11 (:,,1,111;- (20fj).
( :(' llC ftll C)tt'i1 l\lt'<III<', i't l'<><~(ns<Jll <lC'S llOllll)t'('IIX c11gnge11J('ll(S
,.,,,,.,, lrs 11111s11l111:111i~is ,,1 lr111s ('<Jl1il>ttlcs nrnl>f's, <JllC le 1>1"(>l,l111c
it'i c:11,1irs se f><>s:l l'1111c f:t\'(ltl ,.. ellc cl c1111crlc.
1>,111s I',\. 1. 11c111s l1(t1,111s 1111 1,11111 fc11lr.111cr1l lt11,1i l)<t11 111
<c11111~ll tirs , ill," 1uc1111('~. I.,<~ <11s s'lnil 11c,s s11<\cinlc111cnl
cl1111:-- l11 ~11c11r ,c,1111< lcs l\li1li1111ilcs: l.01s<JtlC ltl 111>t>t"<>(l1C'1ns
cl"1111c ,ille ,,c,,11 t':1ll;11t1t'1, 111 ltti ,,,.,,,.,,se1ns 111 1,ni~. Si <lie l'nl~-
tc1,tr l'i 1',,11,1t sc's J>tlts, lc1t1l Ir. J>Ctl J>I< fJt1i s')' lt"(ltl\'C le clcv1~a
l:1 l'o1\cc C'I 1,, l1,1,:1il :t (l>c11I., XX, 1()-1 l). ((~cite l11<li,111e 11011s
,11,1,r111,it cc111111t(' 1111l' 1c,:111c11l' clr:-1 S(lt1IT1 i111ct::i CJll~ lcas )~g)1,-
li,,11s :1,1,il'III r:,it ('lltlt11c1 llllX ls1r,i;lilcs). r1()tll ("C fl('ll(IIC C()IIS-
1
lilll(' 1~ ll<'ll)>I(' clc." c111ltifs, (' C'sl-i1-cli1C' clc~ J>1iso1111ic1~ r111i se
sc,111 1c11cl11s :111~ ls1,,i~lil(s ,,,,:1111 le l"0111t,11l .. Pn1 l'xe1111>I<, le
0
)l<'IIJJI ltt l,1c11 il:1il 1()111 r11I<'I' 1111 1>c111,I<! c111,1ir, ((111111<1 l\l<>SC
1t's11l11l clr I<' f:1i1c sli1 clt l'l~g)"(>le. J..,('S c111,tifs, (111 Ill' les
11tl1tI<' 1>11s, l'c,111111<' c,11 ll<l,,,1~ <l('S t'sclnves ; 011 JIC' 1<'s lt1c 1,1,~
11t111 11lt1s, s'ils s~ ,,111,l11i:-.c11l lc)JIV('lln l,lc111c11l. ()11 les 11tilisc c11
Ir~ f,1is:111t 1,n,,:1ill('1.
f\l:,is si l11 ,illl" i11fi1llt 1ef11sc <le se l"C11,l1c, et <lttliclc clc S<!
clt!f ,,1,tl1c.- cl11t1c l,s 1~11ti.;lilt~, lt' tr1s ~sl l,>t1,lc111t'11I li1T1c11l :
c 1\1:,is si c,11~ ,illc' 1t'f1ts<' J,,
11:1ix cl <111v1c l<'s l1c,slilils, lt1 l'ns-
~i-.'gc,ns . \':,la,,t. lc11, llit'tl, li, li,1c111 c11 lc,11 11c,11voi1, cl lit c11
(:!t)t,) Sc>111. I.XX \' 1, fi .ft.

LA GUERRB MDINOJSB 190
pnsse1as Iotas les mles nu fil de l'pe. Les fem1nes toutefois,
les enfa11ts, Je bl11il, to11t ce qtti se trot1ve dans la ville, toutes
ses (l1,ouilles, tu les ptc11l11os co1nme bttlin :t (Dcut., XX, 12-
14).
1,ar la s11ilc, l\losc <lonna aux gt1erriers d'Isral des ples
ctit>lio11s henttC<)tlil 1,J11s dt11es ; _voir Nombres, XXXI,' 1-18.
l\l<lSc 1"eco1,1n1n11(le t'1 ses soldats de lt1er mme les f e1nmes. E11
so111111e, tl1111s l'A.1'. 011 ne petit 1>a1lcr <le captifs 011 <le ca1llivcs
(ftll' tln11s le cos ,le 1"c<l,lilio11 nt1x Is1alites d'ttne ville infitlle,
,,,,a,,t le C<>111llul. S'il l' n co111bnt, on ne fait nttcttn 1>riso1111ic1
1
11i l1,,1,111,e 11i re1n111e ; on 11c co11se1ve la vie q11 at1x vierges,
c'csl-b-tli1e nttx jct111cs filles 11'0)'0nt jn1nnis con11tt ll'l1om111cs,
fftt'c,11 c111111t'11c cn1,tivcs cl ,111c les Isrnliles p(>t1rr<>nl 111111c
~1,,>11s<1 : J.,01s,111c ltt 1>111lirns e11 g11e11c conlte les en11c1nis,
c111c '\'a1l1,,, l<ltt J>ic11 les n111u liv1tts c11 to11 llOt1,,oi1 er <ftte ltt
l('t11 1111,ns rnil ,les 1,1iso1111if'1~, si 111 vois pn1n1i les cn11tifs ttnc
f(~1,,11t(' l,ic11 r:,ile cl <Jtlc lt1 l'en 1>1c1111cs, lu 1>ot111as Ill 1,1c11-
cl1<~ J>,111 fc111111c ,.
Il 11'Psl > clil 1<' 111t,l,i1,, < cl'o11c1111 (lro1,l1te <le fni1e <lc s cn1,lifs
1
11,11111 tl'n,<>i1 1t!<l11it it 111<~1ci les i11n<llcs st11 ln le11e > (207). c:c
11'<'Sl 1,c,i11l 1>0111 vol1c 11lnisi1, 11i 1>ot1r V<ll1c ttlilit qt1e vot1s foiles
clcs c:11,lifs. l)1,11s lu g11c11c, V<ltls lrnvnillez pot11 ln vie le111elle r.t
11(t11 Jtf,111 ln vie <le cc 111,,11 <le : Vo11s vottl<!Z, C1oyn11ls, rc q11',1fl.. tc
,.,, )ll()ll(IC', nlo,s qtlc )r:,l,,,,, VCtll po11r VOllS ln vie cler11ire. Ynl1,,
(st 1,11iss1,11I cl sngc > (208).
A Jltis i1vcli1 11<>11<t; <"<! 1,1i11ci1>e ~111al. le 1al1in 1>rci~c si,
J>l'llSl~C llllX lllllSlll1111111iss :
(i8. li 11'rsl cl'1111c1111 Jl1<1>l1t'lc ,le fni1c <les cntllifs ovn11l r111'il
III tllt1i( 0 JllCl'C )es rlfi<l(cs Sllt lc11e.

71. () l 1 11>l1~ll', ,lis i, ,c,,x <l<'s <.n1,lifs qt1i s011l cnlre vos 111nin~ :
Si Yi1l1,,~ 1rc,l1111nil <111<.'J,111e l>icn en vos ct11s, Il vo11s cl,,,,_
11C'1~1 111iC't1x <111c t(' (fll \'Otis n l 1>1is et Il vc,11s 1>nr<lo111,r1:,.
,t,la,v c~t nl>s<>l11lc111 cl 1nisrico1<lie11x (20U).
i2. S'il~ vc11l<'11t lr11l,i1, ils ,,111 41~ji, lrol,i Y1,la,v nt11,n1,,-
\'(>11s
vc,11s ,, fnil s1,isi1 (l'ettx. Ynl1,v snil l(lttl
,r111I. ~11,i:i l'<'l11i-(i
C'l il est sngc (2l(l).
(:!()7) S,,11r. VIII, GR.

(2f)R) 11,i,I.
(2f)!I) J.r5 c.n1,11r~ ~(,111 c i11vils n se ,~011vc1tir Ju religion d'lsr:,f-1.
(210) s.,,,r. VIII, GS-72.
~(J(t L'JSI..A~t ARABE EN ~IAflCIIE - LA OUERnB
lli111s ln s0111nlc xr.-,'11, ffll Stlil prohnl>lement ln sot1rate VIII, el

(f 11i est sn11s n11ct111 clot1lc co11le1111,<>1ni11e <les v11c111cnls mdinois,
I( rnLl>in qt1i 1>0111s11it sn11s n1rl s<>11 i<lal tic monoll1isme, <lonne
1111e f<>is cle J>lt1s n11x 11111s11l111011iss 1les conseils J>Ottr leurs luttes
1,l11lre les itlolt1l1es :
1. (J11n11,I <lc,11c v,,11s 1c11conlre1cz cet1x qt1i sont ittfl<lles, f1ap-

1,rz ntt c<>I (211) j11s<Jtt'h cc q11e vous les r<lttisicz
111crci (212). Al<>1s scr1cz les lie11s 1
A1<>rs cIe t I x s <, 1t I I i<, l l s s' o (T 1e n t i, v o t I s :
fi. ()11 l,ic11 111 lil>r1ntion, 011 l1ic11 11ne 1n11o11 n1>rs q11e ln g11crre
nt11n cl<\J><>s s<,11 fn1cl(~n11. (:'<,~l l'c,r,t1c ,te Ynt,,,,. Si Ya,1,,v
le ,.<,t1l11il, 11 se (lrfr1nil ,l'ct1x ; 111nis (Il se sert (le vo11s)
,,,,111 v,,11s ,~,,,c,t1,c1 lt'S 1111s ,,,,,. J(\s nt1l1es. Cc11x (fll 11or co11-
lrc n111>11l ct,111l1nlltt tl1111s lr. (:l1c111i11 (le Ynla,v, Ynl1,v ne
fr111>1><. 1n 111s tic 11t1llil let11s nclio11s (213).
(:?Il\ Vt>i1 n~~i .'\11111. \'Ill, 12.

( 2 12) V<, i r il i, I., fi~.
(213) Sour. Xl.\11, t-5.
11. - 81,VR CONC.I.USION StJR I.F.S F.I.t.lBNTS COI\IPOSANT LA COMMUNAUTt
MDINOISE l>ES MUSUL1'1ANISS ARABES.
l~es ve1scls 73-76 <le la sot1rnle VIII, rclige, semble-t-il, ap1s

l('S sot11n les Il, XCVIII, LXIV, I... XII, qt1i inaugurent les soltretes
111cli11oises, no11s np1>nra issen l cor11me t1ne vt1c <l'ensemb1e dtt ral>-
lin s11r les clifT1enls 1r1e111bres de la Co111mt1nAut des Jslamiss <le
l\ltli11e :
1. - Par111i ces 11111s11l111n11iss, il y o lotit d'abord ce\tX qui ont

P111ig1 <le Ln lt'lec<Jtte n M<line el qui ont combatltt de le11rs l>irns
<'l clc le111s pe1son11cs clnns Je Cl1en1in de Yal1w. Ceux-l sont vrai-
111e11l les Croynnfs, les nt1ll1enticJt1es islamiss (214).
2. -- Il y n ('t1s11ilt' tet1x <111i le111 011t donn ref11ge qt1and ils s,,,,t
n11i,,~s i, l\1cli11e cl c111i lrs 0111 secou1t1s <lens Jet1rs con1bats co11-
l1(' lc's itlc1li\l1cs. (:c S(ltll les l\1t1i11clis q11i sr. sont convertis e11 cn11-
t~1cl tics 111ig1<'s. I .. n l(rn11fle Co1r11n1111011l (les m\1st1lmeniss r1111is
il l\l~fli11C', r.01111)1c11d <1<111c : les 111igrs mecquois plus les co11-
,t1l i~ 111f<li11li~. C,,,s <le111ie1~ ~01,t nt1ssi (le vrRis croyonts, lis at1x
,~111i~,~s J>nr le111 nssisln11re. lc11rs convictions rcligiettses i<le11liqt1cs.
A t't1x l<>t1~. ln 1co11111ense te1nelle (215).
3. - li exislc t111c l1c>isi111~ cnl~,11ie tle C1oya11ls : c<~ so11l 1.s

111i1les 111t1s11l111n11i~is, ,,1,i 11'011t pos c111E{1 o Mdi11c, n1nis q11i so11l
1()~1~s cl1111s let11s J1n)>it11lio11s (le J. . n l\1eccJtte. Ces 1n11st1l1naniss non-
'111ig,,s s011t, c11x nttRsi, ,le vrilables caoyanls, mais en pire coi, . .
(lilio11 Cftlc les 11111~11)11,nnis~s 1nigrs. Ils onl s11bir l'incessa11le
1>1r!-s<>11 <l<~s i11fi(lles el sont par consq11e11t en tcnlalion pe11l-
lt1ellc cl'nJJj11rC't lct1r vrnie foi (216). Cetlendant, il n'y a11ra Jln~
r11f ,e l<'s ~111igrs <'l c.'ttx la 1nn1e nffllintion qtt'enlre les islan1i~s
i'111ig11\s el les c,,,,,,e,lis 111<li11ois. Mai~ s'ils vot1s Appellent nt1
,.cc~,,t11s, il fo11I A11c1 co1nl,,,tt1e At1prs <l'e11x, cnttse dt1 (lnn~c'r
(ft1its c,lt11enl el 1,nr"l'c.' f)tt'ils profess<'nl la mme 1C'liginn qtte vn11s:
S'il~ \'{)Il~ (]('lllOll(le,,t S~C()llrs. ('Il gn,(I n IR religion, VOll!i (le
I<'~ S('rf,,11i1 Rn11r r.,,,1t,e le~ ,tc11M <'Ittre IC'sq11els el vot1~. existe t111c
11lli1111<f'. Y1,l1,v st11 l'C c1t1c vo,1s fnites, est cluirvoyent (217).
(~11) ~,111r. VIII. 73, 75.

c2Ja> 11,id.
(21fi) /t,i,I., 73-74 c Si ,,,.,,~ n'n~~i~lt7. pn~ Ir~ c:roynnl5 non rn(,11r l't11i-
1!ti~. il "!t' n,1,n (1,o,1r CllX) lcnlntio11 (<l'nl,jt11c1) s11r la terre Pl ,tron,I srnr,-
,1 :, 1r. > .
(217) lbl,/., 73.
.....:!( >2 L ' ISLAr.t AIIAnE EN AtAnCIJE - LA OUERRR
1. - f.. n (Jllnl1i1ne <'I c)r111i1e cnlrgo1ie (le croyn11(s, SC COllli>OSC

,\11,l>cs clc Ln l\lecc1t1c, fftli se sortt conve1tis nprs ln Ft1ilc rlt1
:1l>l1i11 et <le~ mt1s11l111n11iss. A111r~ le11r conve1sion, ils ont et1x-
1c"!111<'S 111ig1 et 1n11e11l le C(lt11l,nl ,,vec votts. Il~ s011t ,tonc <les
l()t1rs, ~nns ot1l>lie1 <r1,c11cln11t q11c <l'o1,1s ln lc>i <le Ynl1w, le~
1,:11c-11ls s011l J>l11s 1>1c,tl1cs les t111s tlf's nt1l1es <111e les c1oya11ts r11ltc
1
11'<. l n1111i les (:1<)11111~, c'csl-n-<li,c 1>n1111i lc-s Atnl><'~ (J11i 011l
cl,,1,t l:1 foi cl ln l(> <l.lstnl, il fnttl (l<>nc clisli11gt1cr la p1io<lc
.l.ttcli11c,isc Oll n<>l1S ll(JtlS lt'Oll\'OllS:
--- I .. cs 11111st1l111n11i~ts -- 111ig1s, t)oril co1nl>ollt1 1,ot1t lcttr foi.
-
f.,l'c; l\lcli11f,is - - 11111s11l1111,11i"t~s 111>1~s l,n,1ivt~ clcs 111ig1s
cl 111i lct11 f>11l <l,>1111 1cft1gl' cl nssislnnce.
1: 111('l'fll1c,is - . ,Ir- 111 1>1c111ii 1c gl~1,1nlic11 -

0
1.. r~ 11111~t1l111n11is< 'S 1
11011 t~111ig1(~s cl ,,t,i

se 11,,,1,c11l i, J..,n l\lecc111c c11 liflic:11ll
r1,cc l<s (l(ll:i l1es.
l .. c~ .6'1nJ,:-1 clr l.:1 l\lrcc111t' 11111s11l111:111isis 111>1,s l'll~'gt(\, <ftl

i()
C 11 ~ n 11 ~ s i l l l l (~ 11 1i J~ 1(~ 1,, . 1a' ~ 11 i IC e 1 (111 i s (' ~ 0 ' 11 . i 11t s t' 11 X
11c111t'1s t;r,1ig1t~s cl i111x 111t~cli11c,is 11111s11l111n11iss.
l:11l1c tcs tliff,,1cr1ls #!l'fllltlr~. il~ n nfTili11tio11, 1111c nlTili11lio11

c 1111>Jt\lr r11ifr ct1111il,~ 1<,IgCll~~-- (1P t,111fln11cc el )lf>ltl llllS (Ji1c
1
I, 1n1<'t1l ~1>i1ilt1(II,. I~,, f:1cc clr <t ~1cl1111c, il y n lc5 i11fi<llcs

jll )ll'tlrCSSl'll( ln IIIC'lltf' (l(lln(1ir c-1 tfl1 1>nt COllS(ltlClll S0111, CIi:<
,111",~i, ,,flili.~s lrs 1111s :111x nt1l1es (218).
( 2 1ft ) s 1) t 11. \' 111, 7 t .

Il. - I>EfllOJ)I~ l\1EDINOISI~ DE 627 A 630 (npproxi111alivc111c11t)

1. - Ct\lSE INTRIEURE llAR1'11 LES MUSULltlANIStS MDINOIS.
lln11s les sotttn les II, XVCIII, LXIV, LXII, ''III, XL\ 711,1 I 1,
J... XI, I . . VII, IV, LXV, c1t1e 11ous ovons 1>orcot1rues et qui forntent pottl"
ni11si (li1e ln 1>1e111ire s1ie <les sot11ntes 111dinoises (1), 11ous avo11s
f>ll co11stnler q11c les n111s11l111nniss 1siclnnt l\1dine n'y menoicnt
1>ns 1111c vie <le lo11l rc1>os. Jts <lc,,nient tout d'abord asst1rer let1r
s11l>sisln11ce et, co111111c c11 pnys arabe il est to11jours J>lus focile cie
,,c>lr1 <Jtlc <le lrnvniller, les 111t1st11maniss arabes organiseront (les
''<>ls i1 111ni11 n1111e po111 se no111ri1. Da,1r est leur g1nn<l fnit <ln1-
111e~. ~fois Je 1czzt,11, 111111e 1t1ssi, n'loit JlOS prcis111enl le l,,,t
fi1111I titi 1nl>l>i11. l~'(>l>jeclif <le ce <lernicr demet1re t111 objectif 1cli-
~il't1x : 111 11ise <lt! In l{o'l>n. 1~11 efTet, les len11>les n'o11l pas t co11s-
l1,1il!i f>(>t1r <lcveni1 clcs g1c11ie1s n cnillo11x ; ils sonl lol1s 1scrvs
1111 J>it'll lJ11i,111~, c1ntc111 (111 ciel el (le ln lcrtc. Ln l{n'l>n 11'avoit 1>0~
., f: l i 1. C C X CC 1) 1i (l 11 ; C l t (' ' n r l n i t (I' n l 1 Il n l q l t C pl t 's V r a i isn i t IC
111l,l>i11, - Jlet1l-l1c i11ve11lnil-il l11i-1n111e cette lgencle - , <}tic 111
l(i1'nl1:1 i1,i1il l cc>11sl111ile J>n1 Al>1nl10111 cl Is1nnl. II falJnil rlonc
111 1c11,l1c c<>fllc ,111c co,lc ;, sn ,lcsli11nlio11 1101malc et Jltirnitive.
c: . ~111il l:"1 1111 l,1,1 ,le u11c11c c111i s'i1111>osnit ; c'tait 1n111c le se,,t
l,111 <le 1~11c11e ,,nJ11l>le. l\lnis (011s les 111t1s11l1nnniss <le M<linc
<~l,1l't1I l(>11 <le s'C'nlc11,l1c. J. . c 11n1li (les llypocritcs ne cl,erc11nit
,, 11'0 11tilisc1 ll~s ci1co11sln11crs son t>rofll. Ils n'avaient ct11e <les
i11l~1fls (le Yul,,,,. J..,n so111nfe I.,IX, ln 12 s011rnle m,li11oise, i,
li,,[tlt'llc il est i1111,ossiJ,lc ll'nssigncr 1111c (laie p1cise, not1s jette
c11 1>lci11 <l~l11s ces l,ngn11cs entre n111st1l1noniss :
1. "" c111i est <l1l11s les cie11x el ce <111i est st1r la lc1re glc>1iflc
"\'f1l1,v. li est le fll1issn11l, le Sage.
2. Il l'sl (:rJ11i (ltli ,,x111 ,lsn (le lc111s l1nl,ilnls, en p1ltt<le i, lc111
111ss<'111l>lc111,.. 11t (1,,,11 1 le .Tl1~c111c1,t De111ic1) ce11x (les ))lc11-
ll't11s cle l'l~r1il111e <111i t,111 t i1111>ies. Votas ne 1>ensiez pas
r111'iJs 1>n1li1,1icnl, cl il~ J>c11si1ic11t <Ille lct1r1t fortins les (lfe11-
l111ic11l cc>11l1c Y,,11,v. l\lnis Yola,v les a atlei11ls pnr oi1 ils 11c
( 1) ( >,1 ,,c 1>c11I f"(1,r1,,l,,1,I ,,.,~ nfflr111c1 ,,1,c

cc~ sournlcs f or111cnt u11 lotit
l1<,1>tHr1c, cl <111c <l1nc111c \'crscl est v1iln1Jlcn1cnl sa place.
L ISl.,\~f AI\AIIE EN ~1,\R(:IIE - I.A OUERRE
1rs(o1111)lni(11I 1,i,s. 11 n jcl l'efT1<,i ,1011s Jc111s cccurs. Ils

1lt~111,,Ji1<>1Jl lc111s lt111c111C's clc lc111s 1111,i11s ovcc le co11cot11s
,IC's c:10)'111,ts. 'l"i1cz-(11 lc~"t,11, vo11s <l011s <le clair-
v,,,,nr1cc
.. J (2)
,\11l,,11s-11<,11s ,111c)l<111rs i11st11r1ls s11r c:e "e,sC'l 2 Jlo11r en snisi1

! ,.,,1itnl>le sc11s. l>',,1,1rs l<:s c,,1n11isn11ts t1n(lili(>1111el~. ce lrxlc
fc1nil nll11sio11 il l'cxr>t1lsi,,11 cl'1111r. t1ib11 j11ive (le M,li11c >. Il
-t--.' s':,giroit cl'nillt'111s 1>;1s ,111 ~r,,111,c clcs Qitn,tqt\, 111ois <le celtti cles
N:1clir. <:es j11ifs n1111,if11I t'I<' t~x,,1,lsfs l)Ar l\lol1n111111ccl e11 not\t f,25
i i'11(1111i1t~ v1ni111c11t t"f's 1,1-~<is(lllS !). L<'S No<I1" ref11srcnl et le
:1l<'111c11x l\l(,l1:1111111c'I lc111 i11li111n l'ot(Jrc cl'nvoi, n ,111illc1
1'1,li11e 1lnns ],s ,lix jct111s, fl\'Cc f:1<t1ll 1,,11lcfois ,t'e1111101ter lc111s
l,ic11s ttl('ltl>lcs <'I clc \ P11i1 <l1n<111c 0111,c f t1i1<! ln tcolle clcs tint les.
1
:l'sl ,1il:1IJIC'111c11l (fT:111111l ; <'I l>t1t c11 1es1>ctlo11l 1,s 1>e1s<>t111es,

(' s11is lc,111 ,le 111111c liltc le 1,,11111t'J" e11 ritlic11lc l<ttl ce fnlrns
;,,,,l11 ,i<'t1l 11,11s lt'l,ill'I' ,1,ec le 1>lt1s ~1:-111(1 s1ie11x. l\lnis cc n'est
' 1 ; l s 1)11 ( J.. (' ~ N n (l i 1. : ' \. :, i (' 11 t 1()11l e
1' t, 1, () r t l l l CC e1) l I' 11 l l i111 n l l 1111 CI C
lc,111111111,c,I. ~lnis <'xcit,~s C'll s(>11s-111ni11 t>nr le <~l,er <I~ f11cli<llt <les
l,,l,,(1ites, 'Al>I-All.111 il,11 tJJ,:,~~, ils 1~,,i111e11t st11 le111 <l~cisi<>lt
,,,. r<'l11,11(l11t'tll l111s lc111s f<11ti11s. Assigs J>nr les ~l11s11l111nns,
11l,:111l>1111s cl( l()lls, 111,~111< <le '1\l>I-All :1l1, ils c111,ilt1li!1c11l si111~
11111,,11. 'f<>t1s lft11s l1l'11s f111C'1tl rcl11(lsc111s nt1 1>rofit (1<!S se11ls E1ni-
~11 ', lll<f,k<>S, :c\tltlf cr 'llli J>lll (,l1c <ltlll'J.:tt' Slll" <les l>rlcs fic S'>lllOI~,
I l's Ni1,li1 ~111i~1c',p11I ;, J(l11,iln1 n,r 11,11,I cl,~ 1\l<'(li11E' (Zl). E11
i;:1111 l"C t<'xlr <lt's c>111111r11l,1l<'111:q ;11nl1<'S . je pense 11nl111~llr11,e11l
11 l1icl<l>ncl1i Nn~s<'I" tl:1i1,,,,,1:111I 11111c\s sn cl,;rnile sr11snlio11r1<'11c
.111 ~lc,111 Si11r1. c111'il 11,nil r111t\1111li lt~i 1111,,,~<'S is1n{;lic1111rs cl 111c,
cl'itltl1,\ ,,n,I, il ,,,nit, . ,,,,,~ lts J,cll( S 1111il t~S ,le ln fl<lle f1r,11nise r,
1
1)11:lll() (Ill rt1f J')1islclJf' ()C l'Jslltlll, il llC ft\lll OlllflS Otll>(e1 celte
l11'11l:1lil~ c111i :,e 1t~st111,c' ,,,11 1111 1,1,l,'('11,r clc 111n 1110,,i1tl~ 1111lnlc :
f :c, s,,,l<'s tic ~c11s Ill' ~,,111 1>ct1l-~l1r Jlits lllcs, 111nis ils ne S(lnl
,,:,~ ,l,clnp1lfs .
1 l,n11tl(ll1111111s 11111 t11s(~<111c11I ~n,,~ nt1c11n 1e111,l1tls, lta,1les ce!i
,\
f1i"ft11irll~ n lat fc1is sl111>icl('S C'l 1icli,t1ll'S ef 1c1lrCll(lllS :i;r1CIISf'lllCllf

, . ,, 11111i11 Il' lt':'(IC cl11 ,. 2 ,le ln sclt1111lc I. . IX, q11e je vic11s (le v<111s
111( 1 ll1t ~(lll:i )r:,i \t'II:'< .

Il s'nuil <ln11q rr \'C'l'~<'l clc ge1,~ ,,,,i
('1oynie11t (fllC le,,,~ ro,li11s
'" lt;fc11cl1nir11t <011l1e ''nl1,, . A11>li,111~(! n11x .J11if~, rcltc ,~nr-
' i,111 sl'rnil r1,1111,l'lr111(11I i11r1>lC'. fla, ~e 1e1,1r.~c11lc 111nl rlc~ .J11ifs (111
_,. f f" ~irc)c, !\C rrf11~in11f clnllS (]('~ r(11fi11s J><lllf SC flr(>f~~('I. <)~ Jn
{ !1 Sn,1r. J.,JX, 1-2.

1
:,, l\t.A(:IInE. 0/t til . 1. 111 ,. 07:;.f)7(l: t1,1r,,tlt1tlio1, n 1,, ~OllflllC I.IX.
LA OUEnnB MDINOISE 205
colre <le Yal1w I Par ai llct1rs, l'expression Dlente11rs de l'Ecri-
t,,1. ~ lnns ln lnngttc cles Arles ,le 11slan1 ne dsigne pas les J11ifs,
f)l"OJ>rilni1es de l'l~c1it11rc dcp11is Moise, 1nais les Arabes nt1xqt1els
le 1nl>bi11 n <lo11n 1>0111 oi(ler so con11>1l1cnsion, ttnc ndoplotio11
n1:1l>t~ <lt1 Coron llb1c11. I~n sin11>le lecture <lu v. 2 <le la so11rnl~
I. . IX, 11011s 11er111cl <lo11c (le C<)11clt11e qtt'il 11e s'ogit pas ici des Jt1ifs
- f11ssenl-ils Qn11t1q Oll Naclir - mais d'1111 g1ot1pe <l'A1al>es. Cl\S
A1nlJcs s'lnient co11ve1tis n,1 Dieu <l'lsra), mais pal'~ la s11ite, il~
lnic11t rclo111l>s clans leur i1n11il, c'est--di1e d'aprs le contexte,
ils 11vnient 1eni le11r foi n11 Dieu <l'Isrnl. l~es 1nust1l1naniss fi<l-
ll'S les nvnie11t fc>rcs c111ittc1 M<li11e ; 111ais cet exode ne les avnit
(l(li11I ~,,111s <111t1,~ 111es111e. Ils Jlensaic11l l>ien qtt'une fois rft1~is
(11111s lc111s fo1li11s, 1>e1s01111e ne 1>01111ait pl11s les alleind1e. Ces
11111s11l111i111iss rc'11gnls (lev11ie11l l1e sn11s <lo11te cles 111dinois <l'o1i-
gi11c. 1..-c f11it <Jtt'ils Jloss,li1ic11t n proxi1nil de M<li11e <les f<>rlins,
11<11s i11cli11e n Je pe11sc1. Ces A1al.>es 11lt1st1lmaniss q11i s'lnient
s~1>111s (le Ya,1,,,, cl <le son n1>t1c se croyoienl confortable1ne11t n
l'nla1i (ln11s lc11rs fo1li11s, innis Ynl1,v est redoutable <lans son cl1l\-
lir11r11t (-1). li n jel )'effroi <la11s let1rs ct1rs (5) et c'est vo11s.
t1-,l~'n11ls cle111et11s fl(llcs, <Jt1e Yol1,v n clioisis pottr les punir (fi).
N,l11s nssislo11s ici 1111e g11e1rilla no11 1>as entre jt1ifs el n111st1l-
1111l11s 11,nl>cs - nl>solt1111c1tl 1ie1n ne per111et JlOreille i11ler1>rlotion
111nis c1tl1~ n1nl>cs 11111s111,nanis!i, les ttns rengnts, )es attires
cl<.'111e111s fl,lles. Il n'y e11l pns con11Jat propreme11t perler, mais
rx1>11lsio11 clc M(li11c et ,l1>1(IAlion des fortins de reft1ge ; ce sont
lcs 11111s11l111n11iss fl<llcs fftlc Ynl,w n cl1oisis pour exe1ccr sn ven-
gc1111(~c et sn c,l1e. Il 11'y c11t J>ns f1e cnvolie1s dans celle cnl,c--
lllisc (7) : 111 n is (1 C!i ~'I 11 i 1,cs <1 c c1 111 ni isse,11s. Les l1 I> i ta t ions <le res
1c11tt~nls h l\-t,1i11e f111c11t 111iscs h11s (8), et (Juelqt1est1ns de lct11s
1>nl111i<.'1s f11re11t <.0111,s 1 > (~))
llclc-11ez clc C(ltc n11nlvse .. 11ne fe11ne conclttsio11 ; les Jt1ifs ne st,11t
f)n~; c11 j~,,cln11s ccllP ,111P1elle. (~e 11'est po~ Mol1a1n1ned, con1n1e 011
:, c,11l11111e cl(\ Je cli,c, <111i ex1>11Js(\ cle M<line t111e l1il>11 jtt\'C.
fl!11~ils 1,1.llf>cls (lt'11:1lt11r11l l'C>1111>l-le111ent l'l1istoi1e (le l'isln1nis111c
( 1) S,,t11. l,IX -- 2 -- l is ,111,c,ll1onl Jct1r~ clc1,1ct1rcs clc lc111s 11111i11s

0\ rc Je, C"(IIIC'(,llf'S clc~ (:10,011IS ) .
0

(!;) ,,,,,, . 2.
( fJ) / bI, l. 2.
(7) 11,i,I., U - C~l~ <flic Ynla,, n Oltro)i~ ron111t(' prise il Son Aptrc s111
1
(c,~ i1cl,c1snl1es) ''<tas 11 n\' t'7. fc,t11nl. 1>0111 le 1,rcntlrc, ni chevaux, ni r11on-
1,11r~ >.
( R) I 1, i, I. 2 .
(!)) 11,i,1 .. a -- - c '1"0111 11z,l1,1irr q11r ,0,1~ nve1. ro11p~ 011 q11c vo,11 nv,'1.
,.,,,,1,-c11, 111,,il 5111 1,iccl. Il r,11 11,l"c l:1 1>c1111is~lon <le Yal,w et po11r conro,1-
,1,,, lts l>crvers >.
:?(J{i 14 IS(.A i\( AnAnE EN ~IA llC.IIE - LA OUEI\RE
i111l,r cil' I\J,li11c. (:c-llc flt1c1<'11c cl,l11l 11011s 1,n1It,11s, a co1n111e ontn-
!~11isl<s tlcs A1nl>c-s, ~ct1f,,111c11l cl(s A1olcs ; 11,nis celle fois ces
1lc11~ g,0111,rs (l'A1:1l1C's 11c so11t llO~, ,1'1111 c(,t, les 11111st1l111011iss,
ct clc l'n11l1c, les iclc>lnl1C'~. l.,n Jttc1cllc (livise ici 1111ic111e111e11t les
11111s11l111n11iss: ll's 1111s (lc111c111n11l c1o)'n11ls, les n11t1cs n)'nnt
1<.11c,11( n11 llit'll cl'ls,nl, n1>1rs lt111" cc,r1ve1si<111. Ces 1e11gnls
11'c.'lnic11t s,,11s <l<,ttl<' 1,:1s c1cs 111ig1t'S 111cc(JtlClS. lis s'lnicnt co11-
,<1tis ntt j11tlns111< 111,1i's l'n11ivr i, l\lr<li11c (les J\1:1l><'S 11111st1l111n-
11ist~s tll' I. n f\f('('((ll(' (.(' (Jll (X(ll(lllCl"nil fllt'i)s 11ie11l J>osscl fi ln
r,,is 1111c 1111l,ilnli(,11 il l\l~cli11C' ~I 1111 j11rtli11 e11 clcl101s (le la ville,
<t,1111>(>tl1111I t111c J>tlilc 1>:ll111c1nic <'I 1111 cnslC'l (1()).
l . . e l,11li11 1c<t1c'illi i't C.'<'llc oc,:n'iic,11 scrn tlisl1il,11 nt1x E111ig1i!.'l
111i se l1c>11,t'11I cf:111s le l>cscli11. (:l'S t'111ig1ts 0111 1011I 11e1cl11 1>n1 ln
f1111lc (lc.'s icl<,li",l1rs cl<' 1.. n l\lC'r,111c r111i l<'s fo1c<'1<'11l it (ft1illr1" ln
,illc : ils ()1\I 1,r1,l1t <'l l<'IIJ'S lllllS()llS ('l let11s l,it.'IIS. (:e SOll( (l~s
r1111s1,l111,,11iss 1,1,111 :1i11si ,lire 111i,itt'1~it~s, clcs 11111s111111,l11iss ,rnis.
(lil le ,,,1,1,i,, (11) <111i ))(,t11'Stll SC Jl('IISt'C 1>:\t celle l'l'llcxic,11 : ("('llX
111i S()Jll i11slt1llt~S l\licli11r ('I 111i ()Ill l:l fc,i, Olll('l'Olll CCIIX fl11 ()Ill
,111ig1 ,<'ts ctt~. Ils 11<' fl(11l~1011t 1,ns c11,ic n11x i-111ig1s, si 111 l:,,111-
111111111111~ f11,c11isr cc" cle111ic1~, c,,, ign1I n lf'111s srac1i(iccs. Ils
: 1 111 C' t ( >11 f IC' S ) ~ 111 g 1,~ S 1l ) l I S (J l 1' (' 11 :< - 111 (' 111 <' S , 111 f. 111(\ S J) :' 11111' C
xislt' <l1rz <'tlX. c:,,,,~ ,111i se 1,1~sc1,c11l ,le I,, lncl1C'1ic clc lc111 i\111c,
c t 11 :'< -1 i, s C' 1r, 11 I 1<' s 1\ i ,' 11 1, r t 11c11 x > ( 12) . N '<' ~ l -r c J, ns n t I tex Ic (1,1
llt11lr1c1tlfllll(' <JIIC' llC'llSC'l'll( le 1nf,l~i11 (\11 l"('C(llllltl:ltl(llltl( nllX lllllSIIl-
111:IIIS<~S 111t~cli11clis clr s,,ig11t'1 lc111t 1>r11lic11li1c111,,,1( les (~111ig1fs
l1c"1,g11r11x : St' 11,,11,t-l-il cl1r1. t,,i 1111 1>nt1,,,.<', cl'c11l1c les f1t"1<'s,
el:111s l'tlll<' clC'S \'(I('" cl<' lc,11 ll:t~s l)lll' 'rllft\\ (<)Il ))PII ('11 <)fllllll' "/
1,, 11'c'11cl111(i1os 11:,s 1,,11 r<t'111 11i 11~ ft'ltl<'tns ln 1111li11 J", 1,,,, f11c
11:,11,tt<'. 111,,i~ 111 l11i (ltt,i,:,s 111 111:1in <'l 111 l11i 1>1(IC'1:1s rc fftti lt1i
111:IIIC(II(' (,)11:,111 ltl l11i l()lllll'S, 111 cl,,is l,,i ,lc)llllC'I" cl<' 1,,,11
,., , ,111, l :, 1 1,, 1111 <c, 1:1 , : 1I1, , i 1r, 11 l l i r l 1 1t' 1, , 1 i ,.:, c1:, 11 s l , , , 11(, s l r ~
:11lic,11s ri l:111~ tc1t1lr-s l<'S c,ff,2111,I('~. (:( 1 lrs, t,,s 11:,t1,1<'s Il<' tlis1111-
1
1:1il1011l 1,c,i11t et,, I'(" ,,,,~-~ ; :111c;si j<' IC' cl(,1111<' ,.<' cc1111111n1clC'111<'tlt :
111 clc,is ,,,1,1i1 l:, 111:1i11 ;, 1,,1, f1i1<', i, ccl11i (ltli csl l111111ili cl 1>:111-
(If)) 11~ r,1111 s:-111~ 1l1l11I, ll:,1lir fl11 ('l:111 lt~ l1~1c1C"ril~ ,111i1!i111 111,cll-
11,,i,c'. cl1n~~,~ le l111r ,ill, 11:1l:1lr 1,1,1 If!-, i11,i~1rs 1,1,<r111,,i~. A l',,t,,i 1l:111C1
,.. ,., r,,,lin~. il, llC'll"c11I ,1c\j1, lr111 1c,,,11cl1c : C (".r,ft'i. si .,,,.,~ ,c\'('ll(tll4i
:, ,1,eli11,, 1~ 1,l,1c; ,,,.i"~:ltll rtl r~,,,al"ctn Il' 111<i11~ (t,1( ,. , ri I( 1nl>lti11 lc111
11a,111cl : -t l.n 1,11i~'i:111,r n11n1li<.11I i, ,n11,,i, i, Sc,11 n1,c..)(1, <-l r,11x <.:,,,~1,11ls.
,1.1i, Ir~ ll)'l<(1ilcc; 11t lt sn,r1,1 ll:1~ > (~c,111. 14Xlll. R).
(Il) S,ltlr. I.IX. ft ~ (<:r lt\1lit1) :1111,:1.-ti,111 :111,c l:1,1i~1-,~ l,c~,,~11r1,,. ,1111
11111 l l'Xlllll~, rit I~l1,,l,lt:,t~ cI 1lt lct~
l,ir11s. il:1111 ,.,, c111ttt ,111110
f:1,('tll" C'I 1'111, nr.i1111t11I clc \':111,,( :1i1,.._i c1,1':'l So11 n1,(1lrc. (:ct1x-l ~1a11l IC'~
\'fricll<111r~ ,.
(12) Ibid., 9.
LA OUERf\E MlllNOISE 207
vae clo11s 1011 11nys > (13). Nt,lt11t~lle1nc11l les llypoc1iles ne 1,1n11-
c111i-1c11l tlns tl'i11te1vc11i1 1ln11s ces c1t1c1-ellcs enl1e les Caoy1111ls cl~
l\Ic(li11e.
11. N'11s-t11 poi11t v11 cet1x qt1i 011t l 1,ypocrites, q11nn,l ils
clis11ie11l n cet1x (le lc111s f1rcs-qt1i, pn1mi les Dtcnte111s lie
l'l:c1it111e, 011t t i1111>ies : Si vo11s tes expt1Jss not1s 1>01..
li1-c,11s cc1lcs nvcc vo11s et 11011s 11'ol1irons ja111nis person11c
Ct)lll1e VOIIS. Si )'Clll V()llS co111l,at, ce1les DOllS VOllS 110,terons
sc(o111s I E11 v1i l, Y ni, ,v est ce1lcs t111oi11s qt1c ces ge11s
s,,11t (les 111e11le11rs > (14).
N<,11s l1<,11vo11s (ln11s cc texte co11fir111ntic,11 <le la 11ntio11olil <les

rX(lttlsrs ,te l\l(li11c. (:e S(111t clcs Arnl>es co111111e les 111e11il,1es lt1
1,:,1li cl<'s lly1>oc1ilcs. Cc s<l11l (les fr1es. Ces ex1>ttlss 011t 1c11i
lr111 f<,i c11 ln 1cligi<>11 c11s1nl. Q11n11t t111x llyJloc1ilcs, Arnl,rs. co11-
,r1li~ c11x 1111ssi n11 l>ic,1 (le 1\'losc, ils <>tll ett l'nslt1ce <le cle111c111r1
(fli,it,Jle111c11t ,1:111s ln c:c,111111t11111t1t ,tes 11111sttl111n11iss : scc1ll'
111< 111, cc 11e so11t 1>n~ les 111t1st1l111t111iss fi<lles et co11sla11ts <lo11s
1
lt't11 r,,i <[tt'ils sot1lic1111c11I, 111nis les cl1nncelnnts et les t"engnls.

Il~ les c11('t,11rngC'11t J>ttt <le fnllncic11ses pro1nesscs. Si on votts
cx1,11lse, 11c>t1s 1>n1ti1011s nvcc vot1s ; si l'on vot1s cotnl>nl notts ll1llc-
1(>11s "''<'C v<111s co11t1e V<>s e11ne1nis. l.1e 1nl>bin 11e s'111et1l pns. Il f1,il
(I<~ ln g1'1111<le 1>olili,111e, JJnrce CJtt'il co1111nit v1itnble111e11t la 11nt111('
,lf's A 1111,c'~ : Rf>)'<>11s l>ic11 lro11q11illes, si no11s ex1lt1lsons ces rr11t~-
~(:1ls. l<s ll)'f>O('tilcs 11c 1,,>t1ge101il J>ns. Si not1s les C<>111bolto11s, loi11
.,,. lc'S S(llll('II1, ils s'l't1f,1i1.,11t. AgisS()llS. SOllS te11i1 COlllf>le <le lc111
,c1l,i,,g,! cl (le Jc111~ ri111fn101111n(lcs.
N<,11s lis1111s le l<'xle ,le ln s0111nle I .. IX. 011 11011~ ovnit <lit qtt'il
~'ngissa1it ln11s relie so111i1lc cle l'cx1111lsio11 cle l\1fli11e cltt ~1<1111,,,
tl('N .J11ifs Nncli,. ()11 n,,nit ,,,1,1111 11011s fni1c croire q11e ftfol1n111111c,t
il11il <'11 l11llc. co11t1<' <C'~ .J,1 ifs, q11e les n11xilinires m(li11ois s'lt1t'lll
1t,r11s(s i, s,~ j,,i11cl1c i, C(lllc c11t1e1,1ise nnli-jt1ive. 01, n<>tls 11c
t1,,t1,(>11s 11l>~olt1111er1l 1ir11 clc lo11l ccln <la11s le lexie de celte so11-
1:1ll' J.. IX. llie11 tltl C<>t1l1ni1c. J. . es .Tt1ifs S(1nt np1,nre1111nc11t en tlcl,c)ts
clr <'Cil<' ftlC't'<\11<', nllisC'c cr1>c11<ln11l, sn11s nt1ct1n rlo11le, par le rol,-
1.i,1, r,,11cl1,IC't11 cl 111nl1c cl(~ l'lsln111 nrnl,c. Par aille11rs, les 11111~11l--
111:111ists 1c11(~~nls sont srlt1 lc11t1R 11n1 les IIJ1 1>ocrites qtti sans nl>n11-
clc,1111c'1 111 t"l'ligitlll (lt1 l>ic11 lJ11iq11e, Ro11t cc1>endn11t nnli-j11ifs. N(>tl~
11ssisl>11s <'Il S<>111111c h 1111 (1c~ssc-11e111e11t 1c 11slnn1 n1nl>e <l'ovcc sc,11
111t,clc'lc l'lsla,111 j,1if, <Jlti 1c1>1sc11lc t111 1>oi11t de v11e l1islo1iqt1c, le
(l;t) l)r11I., XV, 7-11.

( 14 ) Sc, li r. 1.. 1X, f f.
2()8
L 1S1.. A~I AJtADE EN MARCIJE - LA GUERRE
sctal lsla111 a11ll1e11lic1t1c C'l 01igi11nl. Le rabbin 11'prot1ve qt1e ,tu

111tp1is J>ou1 ces ll)1>ot1ilcs (Jt1i 1eslenl altacl1s n lo Con11n1111oul
1,s 11111s11l111n11is~, l<lttl e11 111 trnl1i8'c;n11t. A11x yc11x <111 rabbin, ces
,\ rnl,es so11t cle~ li\ll1es. Ils 1>10111ellc11t ,le s011lc11i1 les ex1>ttlss si
1,1111s lc111 f11iso11s Jn g11C'11e. Ils 11e bouge1onl ce1,e1t<IRnl J>ns I Si,
1,1,1 l1nsa11(I, ils 11(,tts c<>111l>ntle11t, c'est t111ic111e111c11l pn1ce q11'ils se
s(11ti1<)11l les pl11s fo1ls ; plt1s f<)tls e11 110111Lre, en s'1111issa11l 011x
t'('lt~gnl:i, J>l11s f<11ls n11ssi en 1>roteclio11 : c Ils 11e vo11s co111hnll1ont,
1111is, c111e (1etrn11tl1c.;s) tln11s (les cits fo1tifles ou (ler1i1c (les
111111nillcs > (t!i). Ils 1>et1V<'11l J,ie11 se vnnler (l'l1c f 011s (16), c11 1o-
lit i)s Slll fai]>frs. C \r(lllS les ci<1yez l lllS ((7), nlo1s (Ille )etlIs
l<c111s sor1l s1>111s > (18).
f lfi) Sot11. l~IX. 11 : ,c,i1 n11ssi XXXIII. 2-1 -27 : ((:cln ~r!lil 1>1c,clt1il)
;1fi11 lJllC \',1,, 1c1,11111t llSt' I,~ \'i1ili<Jllf'S (lt J,,,.,. rc,i. z,lo1s ()ll'II (Olll'IIIClll(~
1
l1~ ll~1lc)r1ltrs. ~11 1(' ,<'tll, 011 q11'II 1<',it11I cil s:1 riQur,11 r,,1111e c11x. ''r,,v
,,,1 ,,l,s(>l11ll't11 <'I 111is-1icnrtlic,1x. ''ni,,,~ n 1c,1,o,~ Ir~ 1110,llcs Jtlri11s le
l,111 t,11r1011x, s1111~ 111 1 il~ nlr11I f)l>lt1,11 1111 ~l1rr~. Ynl,,v n r,n1~11 ,111x
1:,,,~:111ls clt 0111l,:1ll1t 11 (,oir ,,,,s~i 1.XIX. 1-2, (i, 8) : Vn.11,v est rt,11 et
1111i-.;~:,11I. li n r:1il 1<'~(11,l,l' clt l<.t11s cnsl<'I~ rc11x tlts l>ilt!t1l1111s <le 11~(1f-
l111t. n)n1,t 1,r{l n~~1._1nn,c (n11x Fnrli<>ll~l. Il n jcl l'tff1oi c11 lf't11~ cn~t11s.
l 1 11c 11n1tic ,1('11lrf\ c~ n t"l lt1l'-r 1,1,r ,.,,,,~. ,11,c ,,,111~, r~cl,1ile ~n r11rllvill-.
11 , c)tt~ rntl l,(,rlll'r J,111 f('11c, lc111s l1a,l,ilr1I i,l1,s. lc,11~ l,lcr,s "t ,,,,~ l(!rt(' r111c
, tl'i 11i(1ls 110111 1>111,t fc,11l~r. \':111,,~. sttr 10111<' cl1osc, csl 1c,11t-Jt1i~sn11t .
(16) lhld. l.1111 ,nill:1n~t t!sl 1c1:11,lc 1>n 1111i ct1x >. Nntlt1cllc111t 11I, ce 1
1, x Ic "s t i ro 11 1c1 t, ('.

(l7) f1rriJ. n,,n ,,,,i11I :\\(\(' Ir~ 'l\'n,lir. ,.<' <1111 S<'r11il ,,ne i11l<'tp1ft,1llon
i11'i,11st.", 111t\l~ ,111i~ :,,,c le~ l\101,rs 1t11(Rnls.
( l 8 ) Soli r. 1.. 1X, 1-1.
2. - l~N ROUTE, VERS I.A t.lECUUE l:.1 LA KA'n.,.
Cl1ers leclc11rs, je vo11s en SllJ>plie, 1>nrgnez-moi de vo11s r1>-

tcr ici les lt1c11l>1nlio11s <les grn11(ls co1"n11isnnls. l\les i11vesligt,li<111s
l1isto1ic111es anlrie111es 011l port st1r bien (les <lo111aincs, bien <les
J)uys el bien <les 1>ocJt1es. ,Ja111nis, jR111ois je ne 111e s11is t1ouv tln11s
11n lei cnfottillnge q11e <11111s le 1>101Jln1e <les 01igines de l'Isl1\m
tttol>c ; ju111nis, je 11c 111c st1is l1'ot1v en face 'l1om1nes aussi dpo11r-
v11s tic sc11s crili<111e et l1isl<>1iq11c q11e les co1a11isnnls et les isln ..
111isn11ls ; je 11e J>arviens J>as n 1n'expliq11er 11sycl1ologiq11en1ent
celle lc,tnle clfnilln11ce i11tcllcclt1elle, ce 111nnque <le bon se11s riiez
<les l1<1111111es si rpttls, nt1ssi srs d'eux-111111es et qt1i ne clot1le11l
<le 1ie11. C'est ttn cri (l't1l01111e <ttie je jette. De to11te ncessit, si
\'(>t1s v<>ttlez co1111>rc11tl1e l'Is1nin arabe, il fa,1t vous (lsintoxique1
- il 111'11 fnlltt (les a1111cs flOtlr y rt1ssi1 - <le lottles ces sottises
cl i 11c1, t ies CJ 11 i f c11111c11 t l>o111bier et qui notts empcl1c nt de tnar-
,~,1~ 1 c11 l<~11ni11 cltli1 el fc1111c. Notas n'ovo11s C<l111111c s011rce fftl'l111
S<'tll l<'Xlc t1ili<111e111e11t vo l11l>le : c'est le livre des Acles cle l'J.c;l,1n1.
Jtti 1>11r s11 lc'11c111 1n111c C'st lu 1>lt1s for111ellc co11cln111nelion de 1011-
lt's ccs S<)llcs l11c11l,1"nli,111s <les co1n11isnl1ls, l<>Ujo11rs prls crc>irc
11'i1111>c,1lc <1 t1elle clo1111e, J>c1111vt1 q11'elle 8oil f or1nt1le en arnbc ct
1>111 1111 111t1s11l111nn. Notas 11e sav<>ns IlllS si, con1111e l'affl1111enl <'Il
('l1t1!tt1 les g1a11ds co1n11isn11ls, les 11111s11l1nnniss pn1tant l'assnt1t
cl1~ l .. n l\lcc<1t1e lnient nt1 no111bre (le 1.500 ou 1.501 ; si les 1'trc-
<(tl<>is ,,fT1i1c11t t1r1e rsislt111ce c fn1011cl1e > ; 11ous ne di1ons rie11
,le ltt f:1111c11sc co11ve11licln cl'll<>cl11l,ye. No11s ne son1n1es pos ro111n11-
c.ic1 (.\( 11<111s n'c1ivc,11s J>ns 1111101111,n s111 l\fc>l1nm1ned I Nous nllo11s
t'SSll)'cr lc,11t si1111>lc111e11l <le li1e ln s011rolc XLVIII, ce qt1i ne re1lr-
sc11tc }lnR, (l'uillet1rs, 1111 ltovoil cle lc>ttl repos, tellcn1ent est uo11lc-
,,c1s~ l'clrtlte <les ve1sels.
r.C'll<' stltt1nle Xf .,\'111 co111111e11ce pnr 10111>llcr 1111 gro11tl s,,ccs
1t~1,111c,1l 1>111 ~l<1l1n111111ctl el ses 111t1st1l1ne11iss.
1. I~,, vtit, No,,~ t'n,,c111s ocl1oy t111 st1ccs clntont

2. Afi11 <111e Ynl1,v f() J>nr<l01111e tes pre1niers et tes <ler11icr~
1,(~<l,t"-s, 1,flr1 n11s~i 111'11 11n11,cl1vc S,,11 l,ic11foit cnver~ loi el
c1t1'II le <li1igc ,lu11s 1111r vc>ic cl1oile
:l. Y11l1,,, le J)t~tc t111 scco11rs 1>t1issnnl.
t. (:'csl L11i (lti n f11il clcsr.c11cl1c ln P1se11ce clivine <ln11s lr~

t"(e111sle~ C1oyn11ts, nfi11 q11 ils njo11le11t 11nc foi n lc111 Coi.
1
A Y11l1"', )('s lgi<111s <les ciettx et (le ln lerre. Yt1l1w est

c,111niscie11t et sage.
14
210 1. . ISLA~I ARAIIE EN IIARCIIE - I GUEl\nB
5. 11 nt cclu, nn,, clc fnite e11t1er les C1oyn11ls el les CroJ'nnle~

cln11~ <les Jt1lcli11s S<ltts lcs(Jt1cls co11lcro11l les rt1issea11x et o
ils resle1l>J1s i1111,1(>l'll'ls. JI (!ITi,ccrn 1>0111 ct1x let1rs n1n,1vni-
scs ncllll1s et lcl,, f<>t111e1n, n111, 1s (le Yul1,v, u11 s11ccs

1111111e11se.
O. Il tott1111c11l('l'at l('S l l)'l><)ctilcs, l1011111te~ el fe111111es, les As~o-

cinlc't11s et lf'S J\ss<1ci11l1icc~, ce11x <111i fo11l Sltr Yal1w lo
C () 11 .i eC l l 11 C 111 n ' l V n is C <:() '1l l. C el l X 1C fi O l. l 11 l ll l IV El is I Q t I e
Ynl1,,, se c<>t1r1t,11t.c <'<,11l1c c11x el les i111111<lisse t Q11'll 1>1-
1>ale 1>0111" c11x ln (~Ll1cn11c 1 (J11cl <ltcslnl,le c l)cveni1 > (10).
N,ltls 01,p1c1,,,11s cl1l11s <:es vrtscls Cftle l\fol1n111111ccl vic11l (le 1c111-
11,,1lc1 ,,n g1n11,I s11<.(t.", :1vec l'1li<lc 111,t111clle111e11t (le Ynl1,,,. l)c
.,,,.,) Slll'CC'S s'i1git-il '/ J,e , . 1 flC ll()llS le clil 1>ns. '1,<>lll cc (IIIC llOllS
s11,011s 1,1fse11lr111~1,t, 'esl 111~ 11, vi<l(>i1c 1e111po1le 1>n1 l\1<>1111111-
111,tl cl les 111t1st1l111n11iss l'~ l cl'1111c ,,,,,le
exre11lillt11,ell~, cc11111,01-
1,,.,t tll'~ u11l"Cs i111c1ie111cs t!Xcc11ti,,111cllcs : celle vicl(1i1c ngil e11
flllcl<tllC St)tlc ('tlllllllC IIIIC ttl>Sc>lltl<>ll gt\ 11<1:1Jc cl l~C)llllllC \Ill u11gc
lt' l>cnlilttclc lr111c llc. (>111 c<111l1e, celte vicl<,i1c est ln co11ln111-
1
11;1li(,11 cles Jl~J>cill'S 11t ,,111><>ss \'nl1,,,
:'1 S<>11 n1><~Jl1e 'l ntt:< 111l1s11l111n11isrs. I~ lisn11l Jn sttilc ,ltt lexie, 11011s
1<111s ('(lltll111' 11,'C'<' 1111(' ,11111si-cc1lilt1cle lJllC celle vicloi1e, ,111i
1(stc n11,,11~'111c (l:111s lts 1\,t,s ,/,~ /'lslc,111, esl ln 1c11isc <le I .. l\1cc- i,
'll1C cl clc lit I{ 11 'J,:1.
(:,~t,1il li, le J,111 fix 1>01 le 1ttl>IJi11 n ses Aanl,c~ isln111iss. J.. n
cc,1111111111n11l tirs j11tl1,ss, cl<.'S 111t1s11l111n11iss, nvnit t l'Xt>ttlsc
tic l~:1 I\IC'C(IIIC ,,,, les <lc>ll1rs. l:11,~ ,Jevnit y l'C'l(>lll11et })(llll' ,,rn,-
111('1. s11 llttiss1111tl'. l~c111to11s le cl1n11t ,le lrio1111ll1e <ltt r11l>l1i11:
7. A )'11l1,,l~ lts ll;gi<s tl<'s ('r11x cl <l<! l11 l<11c. Ynl,,, est
1>11i~sn11l cl sngr.
8. NotlS l'tl\'(lllS <111,o~'r (.~,,,,.c:

clo,,lr 14n ~l,,q11r.) COllllllC
1t;1,1cJi11, A1111011liol~111 cl A,r1lissct1r (2()),
!). An,, (Ill(' \'()11S ('l'O~'<'7. C'll Y,,1,,,,(t et Cll So11 Oll<>II'(', J)(llll' (fllP.
\'flllS l'nssislirz f'I ltlttlll<>l'C'Z ri CfllC VOllS J .. e ~ltll'ficz n ('ittll>C
(' l 11 l l l' t,-_ 111 S l' l t IC.
1ft. c:c'II'\ (fll le' ,,,-.~1,,,,1 S('l ' lll('ltl .1,,11,,g.,,,,1((' ,,,.'\(('Ill sr11lc111r11I
st111tt'11I 1l';1llt g,:111tc i,
0
,.,1,,,tt, 1,, 111:1i11 ,I, \':111,,t itn11l
(10) S,,,11. XJ.\'111, 1 fi.

(2ft) l~I 111,11 11c,i11I tcl111111r f1111,l;1lr111 11"1111<' 11011,rll<' 1cli"io11.
LA OUERRB MDINOISB 211
(1>ose) sttr let1rs 111ni11s. Quiconqtte est parjure est seulc-

111e11t pa1jt1re co11tre soi-n1111c. Qt1ico11que (nu contraire) est
fi<lle l'e11gngc111e11t 1>1is envers Yal1w 1 recevra de Celui-ci
u11c 1t1il1t1lio11 i111111e11se (21).
()t1i, c'est Yol1,v q11i clc,n11e le s11ccs et lo vicloire cl Je bo11l1ct11

tc111el. Qt1011t loi, Mol1n111111e<I, lt1 11'.es <Jtle Je tmoi11 et le 11--
flci11ire <les favet11s de Ynl1,v. "J~n 111issit>n est uniql1c111ent <l,nn-
11011ccr cl cl'ave1tir1 c'est-n-<li1e, co111n1e notas le savons, de rp--
lca les 1vlatio11s foi les 11nr Yal,w st11 le 111011t Sir1a. Les 11111st1l-
111011iss l'<>nl p1t se1111e11t <l'ttllgcnnce, sans dottte to11 enlre
tln11s Ln 1\lec<Jlte. Il est 11rol)nl,le C(tle 1'1111 np1s 1at1lre les 1n\1st1l-
1111111is~s (lc111c111s <ln11s Lu Mccq11e ont clfil devant Mc>l1nn1111e,l
1>0111 lt1i j111e1 fl<llil. (:c ft1l l snn!i nt1ct111 clo11te, 1111e c1111,l11ic
<>111<,11vn11lc (Jtti consnc1ni l officiellement l'a11lono111ie ,le l'Isln111
n1nl,c. 1~11 J>tlnnl se1111e11t, les n1t1s11l111nns reconnnissnient ~fol1n1n-
111c',I ccl111111e lc111 cl1cf ; ils J>1e11nie11I conscienre pl11s vivante clc
l,!t11 cc,11ve1sil>11 nt1 J)ie,1 ll11iq11e et To11t-I>t1issont ; n IC't11s yeti~,
l'lsln111 r11nl>e OC(ftt1nit 1111c i<lenlil pro1>1e, co11stilt1nit 11ne socitf
l1i1111t~l1if(tlc el ?\1<ll1n111111 e <I, e11 co111Jlln11l ses lro111>es, p<>11,,nil
cl~,,1111:1is clisli11gt1e1 l,!s l111c11ls les Jllt1s fl<lles, lies 111ninle11n11l
1>n1 t111 sc1111e11l <le fi<llil .
18. Ynl1,v a l snlisfni l ,les C1oynnls c111n11(I ils te tlrtnienl se1-

111e11l <l'nllgc,n11ce, s011s l'o1l>1e (22). Il a reco111111 ce qt1i est
fl:,11s le111s r,c111s. Il n foil <lescc11(l1e sur e11x ln Ptse11cc
<livi11c (23), el les n gtnt ifis (l't111 111ocl1e sttccs (2,1).
c:c sc1111enl tl'nllgennr.e co11soc1e 01Ticiclle1nent Mol1a111111C'<l

,1111,s ses fo11clio11~ <l,np>lrc (le \'al1,v et fic cl,cf <le la co1111111111n11lc
l<'s 11111s11l111n11is~s . t.1,>110111,ned n'n1>1,<>1~te 011c11n dogme no11ven11.
(:c 11'l~sl 1>ns lh so11 1le. itol1n111111e<l n,a 110s fon,ler 11ne religic)rt
11011,,ell<'. 1:11 fait, 011 11e 1clr ot1ve1n rlnns les Acles de l'l.~larn n11c1111c
4
,,,il<~ 11011velle. l . . n 111i~si<111 SJlciflq11e <le Mol1nm1ne<I, c'esl <l'n11-

11011c<'1 n ses co1111>nt1iote~ ln religio11 d'Isral. S'il est l'eplre <le
,1ll1,,'<~, t~'(.'sl S(llls ln <li1t'clio11 <1'1111 111l,l>i11 . Mnis s'il n'est 1>ns f,11l-
cl11lc111 clc 1cligi,l11, Mol1n111111c(l est c.Jeventl 1>01 ln vo)o11l cle :;011
( :! 1) So, 11. XLVI TJ, 7-1 0.

(22) 1.,, ltxlr. 1>1'1<' .,,J,t!C l',,r t,rr. Il 1,c,11~ 1ln1nil i11t1lilc ,le Je co1111>l~lcr r11
:,jc,111:,111 ,1110,lnhi11110 clo11I Ir~ A<'le., ,Ir l'lsl,,,,,. n<' ront n11c11ne 111cnll,rl.
(2:-t) f>r,'.,errrr ,1;,,1,,r : s,,1,t ,1<1 ; voir ntts~I ln 111f1oe so11rnlc Xl .. VIII, 4 :
li1t ~,,,tc,11t A11KJ ..~c)N (J.), 7'/,r /11,1t,n11r11rc of Go,I 111 rnbl,/1,lcnl f,,llt!rnl11rr,
l.c111l1,11, 1!!12 : ,,lit nt1ssl f)n1 1 vRn (1 . ). J,.n srl1rl,i1,n/1 : IJ/c11 n,,cc 11011.s, l:111~
llil,/c ri ,,;,- rl1r<'llr1111~. n 2() (Dr. 1057-1958), p. 7-22.
(21) Sottr. XI ..Vlll, 18.
212
~
L ' ISLA?.[ AI\ADE EN 1'1,\1\(:IJE - LA GUERl\E
~11nl1e, le rahl>in <le J..,a l\lecc111e, cl1cf, 11<>11 point des n1t1sul111a11s (les
,1nis cl nt1ll1enlic1t1<'S 11111s111111:111~ Sl>ttl jt1ifs). 111ois <les 11111sul1nani-
~l;s a1ol>es. Pour ft1vo1iser l'ex1>n11sio11 <ltt jt1tlas111e 1>ar1ni les A1n-
l>ts, le rnl>bi11 nJ>n11clo1111e le got1vc111e111e11l <li1<~ct <les 111t1sul111oni-
'!;s 1>0111 le confie1 l\l<>l1i1111111e(l, le 1,1e111ic1 n1n)Je musttl111enis.
29. l\lol1n111n1c111pntissa11ls entre
c11x. rl'tt les V<>is i11cli11s, 1>1otc1ns, recl1crcl1anl une fave111
(le Ynl1,, el S11 snlisfn(~li(>11.
1
Le111 111111r1t1<~ 111(1,1<~ esl st11 le111 visc,ge o la s11itc de

let11 111<>sll 111:1tio11 (2:i>.
1
Cl1nss c.le I .. n l\lct.<111c (l le 111 l{a'l>n, le 11re111ier (lc~voir de

f\l(,lllll))lllC(I, tl1,r cl(! Ji, (~()llllllllll:111lt~ clcs lllllStlllllJIIISs, est (le
1:1111l'11cr ses nclc1>lts litt l,c1ceu11 <le l'lslt1111 n1nl,e et <le! cl111ssc1 clfi-
11ilivt'111enl les i<lc,l,'\t1cs ,le la l{t1'l>t1 1>0111 )' i11slnt11c1 le c11lte <ltt
\ ' l'I\ ))ietl. .
l\l(>l1n111111cl1' S<'S ltcltlJ>es. l\lnis les ll<lottins 11e vc11-
lt\11l 1t1s s'11tlj<l11cl1,, nt1x 11111s11l1111111iss. f><1111 l'nt1let1r cles A(:lt'.c.,
l<'S ll<lot1i11s s<>11t lrs !/''''" ,Ir l',,11ir1e (2). Ils sexc11se11t de ne pn~
f;1i1e c111111>ng11e <'<>11t1c les i,l(>li\t,cs. Nos l>icns et 110s fn1nille~
11,t1s 0111 1>1ocrtlJlt'S (<!l 11011s 011I e1111>cl1s <le le s11iv1c). Pnt-
cl(llltt(\-11011s r ~ (27) l\Jrtis cr 11'est J>Ets l ln v1itnl1le 1RS(>11 cle leur
:1l1slc11lio11. Ils 111e11(e11I q11n11,I ils nllgt1e11t <111e let11s fo111illes el
lc 111s l>ie11s le111 0111 ,lc11111 1101> (le S(>ttcis. l\l,ll1n111111ecl, <1e111nnclc-
1
lt111, clit I<' 1nl>l>i11 : (J11i (l()llC ))OSS(letn (111el<111e clt()Se po,11 VOIIS.
:1 l'<t1<~011l1(' cle )"11l1,,, s,11 (lsi1,~ '''>lis f11i1e tort <>li s'II ,lsi1e vo11s
cl1lrt11e1 1>1<>fll ? N,11, Y,,11,v' est l,ic11 i11ror111 <le ce q11e ,,,,,1s f11i-
l<s > (28). 1.. n v1;1ie 1nis<>11 <le votac 11l,slc11tio11, je ln ccl1111nis : je
,11is lo cli1e. l~l1c'1s lc<~le111s, c<,ttlez le 1al>bi11 :
12. N>tt 1 ,,,11s 11,cc C<>11j,~<.tt11 <111e l'n1,t1c cl les C1<l)'n11ts ne

1eto11111c1niC'1ll j:1111nis 1>n111,i l('S lct11s 1 Celo, cln11s vos ccrt11~
n t~ 1>:11<~ ((le fn11sses 111>1>n1e11ccs). Vo11s nvec co11jeclt11
1111e 11t1ltt,:1ist c,>11jecl111c. ,r<>tls tes 1111 i>Cltplc <le sa11s-
lt>i (2\l).
<2a> I t,l ,I ., 20.

( :! (;) l l, i, l . 1 l l :, ' 1(i
1

IX. 8:!, 1 l !) 1~ 1.
(27) I b i (I., 1l .
(28) l t, I cl.
(29) ll,icl., 12.
LA GUEI\RE MDINOISP. 213
Si les Ddot1i11s n'ont J>as voul,1 111arcl1er avec Molinmmed, ni

avec les C1oyanls, c'est qt1'ils pensnient qt1e ja111eis ni Moha1111ne<l
11i les C1oyo11ls 11e seraient reto11rns cl1ez e11x, c'est--dire La
~{ccc111c. El, bien, ces Bclouins ont mal mis I C'est reconnatre
<ftte La Mecque a t rocc111>e pnr les 1n11s11l1naniss et c'est l le
gr1111cl sttccs <l011l il est t>arl tians les ve1sets prcclents de la
s<lttrale XJ..,VIII. La Mecc1t1e et la l{a'l)a so11t maintenant de not1ven,1
e11l1c les 111ui11s tics 11111st1l111nnis~s, g10111>s 011to11r de le11r cl1ef
a10l,c, l\lc>l1it111111ecl. Pct1l-011 i111aginer lll11s g1a11de grce cle ln pn1l
<le Ynl1w : Celui q11i 11'a111a pas c111 e11 Yal1,v el en Son n11-
l1e (sera clin li), ca1 Not1s avons 1>1pn1 1111 brasier pot1r les infi-
(lles. A Yal1,v, ln I"<l)'Ot1l des ci(\llX et <le Ja terre. Il pardonne
<ftli Il vet1l el Il lo1111r1c11 lc qtti Il ve11I. Yal1,v est nbsolute111 et
111isrico1Jic11x > (30).
. I ..<' g1,,11(I tve le l\l<>l1 111n111e<I, Je 1ve <111e lt1i 111tc le 1nl>lli11,
esl 1nlis : f..,n l\fcc<1t1e n1>1>n1lie11t tle not1vent1 a11x mt1sttl1nnnis~s.
J..,,, 1{11'1,n ('si 1e11clt1c n s11 clt'sli11ali(ln 1>1i111ilive, c'esl--<lirc ntt c11ltc
ltt 11s-ll,111l, l'Jlgi1c esl ve11ge. C'<'sl tin v1itable co11lre-se11s et
1111c l1t1111ilinli<111 le fai1e co111111rncer l'1e <les n1t1s11lmnniss l'll-
gi,c, ,111i C<>11slil11e Jn grn11<lc tlfnite tic ers <lc1niers. J..,'lsla111 a1nl)e
cl:,le clc ln 1occt11lali<>n <le J.,a l\'[ecf(tte. C'<~st cette poc111e qttc
l'lsli,111 n1nlle co11,111ic1t sa v1itnl>le iclenlil, c'est en faisant 1rlo11r
i, I .. n l\lecf1t1e cl il ln l{a'l>a q11e les 11tt1s11lmaniss co111m<'ncrent
f,>1111c1 t111c v1it11l>ll~ co1111111111nt1l at1tono111e. rl"on 1ve est ralis,
l\1c>l1i11nn1<~<I. 'r11 le ,o)'nis c11 rve, c11lre1 <lt1ns ln l\1osqtte Sac1e,
J>ttisil,le, la tte rose, (]es ongles et la l>nrbe) taills, snns crni11le.
t:'csl fnit. I~'llgi1e n J>tis fi11. C'est l'l1c11rc 111nintenant de fler
,,,l(1c 1el<,111 <ltt11s V<>l1e 1,,11e 11ntole, qtti n v11 nnl1e l'Isla1n nrnl,c.
,,,,11,v l'11v:1it fnil p1<'ssc11tir qtte ton s11ccs lnit p1-oc11e, l\10l1n111-
111t',I, et, e11 cfTel, te voil 1cnl1 (la11s la ~'lc>sq11e Sacre. Ln l{n'l>a
clcvic11I 1>0111 les A1nlJcs 111 1>re1nirc S)'nngog11e, <l011l ltt es l\1o11n111-
1ate<I, le 1>1e111ier cl1cf, le Jltetnier 1nllbin :
2(,. nn1>pclle-l<l <fttn11<l cc11x <Jtti s011l inficlles 111i1e11l en lc111~

cx~1,1s ln ft11e111, ln ft11r111 ,le la Gentilit 1 - YnJ1,,, fit des-
ct'11<lre Sa J>trs(\nce <livi11c (31) sttr Son atllre Ainsi q11e s111
les C1oynnls rt les ol>ligca n ln Patole clc la Pit : ils loi()nt
)es Jlltts tlig11es tic (celle 11nrolc). Ynl1w, <le lo11te cl1ose, rst
<lr1111 isci en t.
27. ''11l1,,,(~ n certes 111cl1tlt<' ln vrncit <le So11 AJ>lre 011 st1jet <le
ln visi<lll : \'<>tts e11f 1e1cz cc1les c11 ln l\1osqtte Sacre, si
(:J()) lli,1., 1~1-1 ,1.

(:-JJ) Vt,i1 :lllSS ~()t11. XI . . VII, '1, 18.
~l l 1.,'1sr,hl\l All,\IJI~ EN J\IAl\(;JJE - I .. A GUERI\E
'";1)1,,, vctil, f>tlisil>lcs, lit tl(~ 1nse (les ongles el la bar)Je)

l11ills, s 111 ,s ,rr1i11tc >. 11 n st1 ("C C(llC ,<>t1s ne saviez 1<)nl el a
11l:1c, titi ,te~,'t tic ccln t111 1,1<lcl1e s11ccs

28. (:' cs l 1~11 i (111 i n c 11 ,, o)' S, 111 A t>c"l l1e n ,, ec Io 1) i1cc l io 11 c t l a
neligio11 <fc \ 1 (~ti ll;, ))0\11' l ll <1lJllllet })l"llltlltl Sllt )1\ 1c)igiotl
Cil cnliet. CC)llll)Cll Jt1l1,,, Stlffll COllllllC 'l"lllOll 1 (32).
l>'o1,1s ce texte, les 111t1st1l111t111isrs clc l\'ltJii1e sc111ie11t 1e11l1s

i, l ..11 l\lec,111e s1111s <.'Cltlt> rc~1i1. J . cs itl<,lftlrl'S 11'nt1111ic11l llns os se
111cst11c1 n,,ec rt1x. ()11 11 l'c1it <le v1iti,bl cs 10111nns st11 celle 1en-
l1<!c (les 11111s,1l111a11iss i, J..,n l\le<.'(lllC, (les 10111n11s-ne11vcs <ftlc 11t1lt1-
1,lle111c11l je 11c 1r111(1(lt1is 11:,s i<:i, 111n11c1t1n11I <l'1111e nlloc1li,ln s111>-
1>lc111c11tni1c <1C t:11,i<'I'. 011 ll(lllS 1:tCt)lllC <tllC )es JllCC(Jll()S <lt>J-
t1<~S i1vnic11l t 11,<'tlis (le l'nvn11cc 111nssive (les 11111st1l1nn11iss -
cc! <111e no11s c1t>)'c>11s :-;:111', flCi11e. - <~I t(tlt', (1n11s 1111 s111sat1l nnli<>-
11:11, ils s'<',t:1i,,11t ,,1~:,11ist's ll<>lt1 fi,i,c fitc<' ntt Jl1il. C:c <)tic voyn11I,
I" 11111s11l1111111isrs n111:1('III 1>1is 1,,~111 ; ils ~c sc11,ic11l l"l~t>lis 011
11()1<1 fic J.,11 l\lc<c111<', :, llltl:1t,i_\')'l. (:'est O cc 1110111e11t-li1 qttc
l\lc,l1n111111C'cl nssi:-; st,11~ 1111 :11l,1c .... (ctl11 1111c le fc1n 1>lt1s fn1(l St-
1.,,1,i~,) - - nl11nil f;1il <lt~fill't lr.,n11l l11i <.'l1;1(t11, 1<~ S<'s g11e11ic1s (Jtli
l11i :111111ic11l flt(tt s,1111~,,,1 ,,t fitlc~lit<. SC, , 111i,i11lc11nnl clc s<'s l1t>t1-
1>,s, le gr11iitl gtlC'l :1lissi111(~ l\l<,l1n,11111<'111111:111 :,111,,~s (111 (:t,11s<.il ,les Nc)l,1l>lcs cle J..,n l\Jecc111e; cl il nlten-
lit l11111c111illP111C'11I . . 1,,11jcl111s nssis sot1s s<>Jt ntl>1c - ln fin clcs
(lt~lil,r1n(ic)llS. I.. ('!-, 11tgo,it1tic,11s l1:1i111c11t. I.. e ))l'tlil ('(l\ll"tll 111r111e
,111"()()1111:111 nv,1it (te' !1?;s:1s-.;i11. Jl:111s le <:11111> (les 111t1s111111n11s (c'csl-
i,-4li1c les A1,1l)<'S 11111s11l111n11ist~s) c111i clj;'1 sclt1fT111ic11I c111 1111111((tle
,l .. (:111 cl cl<' ,i,1cs cl 111',~x:1s11<~1:1C'11l ln 111t~s<.~11cc ,IC's gt1(\11ic1s 111cl,-
1~,,is., 1'((1"<1\('S(~('II("(' r11( l11s ,i,t'. JJ llC f11ll11f 1ir.11 lllt>ll~ CJIIC Je
,.,.,,stigc cl l':1st'l\l1tl:111I Jl1s!t1111cls (I< l\1:1l10111rl J)(lt11 <~<l11l<'11i1 cc
l,,,11illo1111e111r11l >> (:i:J). l\(;1lg1,~ tc1t1l, le~ (lc11x 1>:11lit'S n11i,i~1c11t i1
(;l:1l>lir Je lcxle <l'11nc <."(111,r11lic>11 ! lli11 celle-ci, I<~ P101Jl1rlc s'c11-
g:1 .~r11il il t"<'l<>t1111c-1 i, l\l<~tli11c s(111s ncc<,1111,li1 le P<~le1i11nge ! 1~11
0
r1,r111ll1('), lrs Jl,,J)ll1< islcs Jl10111ctl,l<'nl <le 1,c~ 11111s p1C'1tcl1<! les
:11111cs c,,11t1e les l\l11s11l111n11s ri tl(\ l<.\s i1t1lcl1isc1, l'n1111<;e st1iv:111lc, n
s':1cc111i(lt'1 clc lrl '(l1111n 011 Pl,1i11:1gc l\li11<~t11. Dn11s l<'s 101,gs
11111st1l111111,s tc fttl 1:, (1<''c."l'f>I<>ll et l'11111e1f11111r. Pc1t11lr111l il l<ltll l)ien
,,111si,lr1r1,
'
c.rtlc! ('(ll1\'('11I<lll (cl'll,,<l11l)\'''ll)
~,.
tnil ('Il fr,it 1111 i11<lt~11i:1-
l>ll~ s11ccPS. f>c,111 l:1 Jll'C'l11(l'C rtlis. lt'S f)<l l,,tltl~s(cs :\\'itCtll <'Il ,,ffcl
1,:1it~ l)f"("S(fll(' 4Ji,g:1I :1 (~J~:11 n\'l'(" 1c fc>ll(ln lc111 <le l'Islntl1. A J... n 1'l<~C-
<:, :? l sc, ,, ,. . x 1,, 111, ~ (i - ~ n.

(:13) )lJ ..4-Cll~:l\1~, f.. f' J)l'Cl(>/('IIIC', Il. J t:l.
-
LA GUEl\RE M~DINOISB 215
Jtle, <lll avait l i1111>ressio1111 pnr la ,lisci1>line des flclles, par leltr
allilttclc f111011cl1c (sic), par la <lfrence vot1e au Matre. Att st1r-
11lt1s, l\It1l1,>111el nvnil les 111ui11s lil>res et il allait le11r l1e ais cle
<l<l<>111111agc1 ses a,le1>les <le le11r Ple1i11age 1nanqu > (34). Dien
e11lenclt1, votts ne l1ot1ve1ez nbsolt1n1e11t 1ien de Ioules ces l1isto-
1iellcs <l11ns les Acles <le l'Jslan1. 'I~o11t ce qt1'on 1>eut nffi1mer nvec
s1ic11x, c'est qtt' 11ne clalc i11111ossilile lll"ciser, Mol101n111ed cl
ses isln111iss, se 1nire11 l en 1ot1 le s11r les i n<l ica lions <ltt rn l>bi11, 110111
1(>Cct11>cr J..,a Mec<Jltc el Ja l{a'l>a. Celte rentre s'effectua sans
l11llc, sc111J,Ie-t-il, ce c111i 11011s laisse stIJ>poser qtte les 1n11st1Ima11s
111tli11(>s taic11L no111b1e11x et <ttte les l\'Iecq11c>is 1sc,lute11t tic 11c
1ns s'o1>1>oscr celle f 01ce. Les <lernie1s versets de la s0111nte
1
XI .., 111, 1>ot111i1icl1t f<>1l lJ ic11 s'n1>(lli<Jt1c1 celte rc11t1c 1,aciftfJttc
lt~s 111t1sttl111n11iss cle l\:l<li11c, 1... n l\1cct111e :
2tl. '\'itl,,,,c~ v(1t1!; n 1,1<1111is <les 111asscs al>ontlnnles <le buli11 r1t1c
,,,111s 1,1c11,l1cz. Il :1 l1ill 1><>t11 vc.,11s celle t>rise et Il a dlt>t1111
lc!i 111t1i11s <le ces g~11s. (li n f11il cclt,) nfin CJtte cc soit t111 sig11c
J>(>\11 les C1oyn11ls el (1><lt1r) vo11s tlirige1 tlons ttnc voie (lr<>le.
21. (li ll JlCC()lllJ>li) llllC Ollfl'(~ (cl1<>SC) (fll n'tait )l()11l Cil Vl)ll'C
11,t1v,>i1 el <Jtt'II n t' 111l>1nssc (c1 S,t 1>11issn11ce). Yt1l1,v s111
l<J11tc cl1ose est 011111i1><>le11l.
22. Si <~<11x <Jtri s<>11l i nfi<llcs V(>tls nvaicnl co1nbnll11s, ils

11111:,ic11t e11s11ilt! l<>t1111 le ,1,,s el 11'n11raie11l 11lt1s c11s11ilc
l1c>11v 11i 1>nl1'l)ll 11i n11xili1,i1c,
2:J. scl<,11 ln ct>t1lt1111c

le Yiali,v cr11i f11l n11lric111c111c11l. c, . f tl
l1<111,c111s ln c<,11lt1111c <le Ynl,,v i11111111nule.
21. C'l'Sl l .. t1i <111i 1, c;11l ,le V<>11s les 111t1i11s (,les l11fi<lles el c111i
:1 (~<111l) (l'ct1x V4>s 111ni11s, cln11s le '':11 ,le J. . n l\1ecq11c, n1J1s
,,<,11s tl\'<>i1 <l,1111 a,,nnfngc st1r et1x. Ynl1w, st11 ce <ftle votas
ft1ilcst est clni1vc>yn11t (35).
Si ln 1i,1cct111:1li<,11 <le 1..-a l\ilccc1t1e n t 1c11,lt1e si facile 11t1x

11111~,t1l1111111iss ,1,~ l\l<1i11P, cc 11'csl J>As set1le1nenl ca11sc <le let11
1,,.1111,,c. 11 )' o 1,111s. JI se lt'<l11,,nit il l'inl1ict11 <le J..,n l\.lecq11c <les
lllllSttl111;111i~s ((tti 1,,11('lll r(~IIRS fl s'y 1nni11lenir. Ces ITillS\llll)RJl-
Sl~S 111cc<111<>is fo1111i1ic11l cc <Jtt'on ntlpcllc n11jot11d'l1t1i la ci11q11i111c
(:11) Jl1.Af:ll~IIR,//,i,, .. J). f 13.

(:)fi) Sc,ttr. XI" VI JJ, 20-2,1.
216 1,'1sr.AI\I ,,1,,\11,~ EN ~,Anr.118 - LA GUEnR8

("(>l()IIIIC cl t'esl g1f\c( it )c'tll ('<>lllJtl<~IC CfllC les llltlSllllllOllSCS de

1 0
l\l <'<li11c J>t11c11l rr1,1r11(l1e 1><>~scssi<>11 <le ln ville, <le lc111s l1obilats et
clc lu l{lt'l>a :
25. (:e S()lll lit ('l'tlX Cf ll <>Ill ft<~ tlfl<llt'S cl VCltlS Olll ~ca1ts <IC
l11 l\l>s(ttit~t\ S:1<1t.'<' 11i11si ,111c <le l'<>hlnlio11 <1<>11l le liet1 <le
snctific.c ,,,,,1s <' l:1il. i11le1<1il (3(i). N'~t1ssenl l tics l10111n1es
1
c1'0):111ls t'I 1l<'s fe111111es cr<)a11lt~s i11co1111t1s <le ''<ltls (pn11ni

11 'S )11fltlf\(~~) flllC ''(lllS 1is,1t1<'Z, R ''<ll1e llStl, <le l>10J'er SOllS
v<>s 1>ie,ls <'11 s,>rl(' q11'1111c 1r1>1soille vo11s n11111it oftei11ls <le
]et11 11nrl, (,'(>tts n111iez J><>1li~ v<>s r.ot111s co11l1t~ les Infi<l1es).
(To,,t cc.ln s'rsl fnil) 1><>t11 (fll,C Ynl1,\r fnsse enf1cr qtti Il
,,ettl, <'Il Si, 111isf1it'(>1I<!. S'ils~(~lnicnl sig11{1ls, N<>tls nl11ions
f~it st1l>i1 1111 t,1111111c11l c1~l'e11t1e (ces ge11s) <111i S<>11t i11fi-
cl cl C'S (37). (i cw..J<
Atl1is ;,,~c>ir t<:11lt' l<>t1lrs les 1>t'Iles 11isl<>i1es, l<s 11111llit>les sot ...
lises c111i t'tlc1>111l,1r11l lcs t1111111c11l11i1<'r, ,111 Pse11l<>-f:<>1n11 cl lc's Vit~R
fc l\l<>l1nr11111rtl, l1istr,i1rs el S(>ltisc>s c111i 1elv<\11l cltt 1'0111011 el q11i
11c s'n1>1>11i<11l s111 :111,1111 ,lc1(t1111c11l s1ic11x, il 11<111s 1cslc ttn fnit
ttlf>lnl, Cf ((II 111('1 flCllll" tlllS <li1<~ litt fet'llll~ n )a geslnlOll (le
1
l l,'ila111 nrnl,c. l\l<~cli11(~ Jtt' fl1l j:111111is <1t1't111 1>is-11lle1. Pt>tlr t1ot1ver
s:1 V<~1it:ll>lc f(>111111le, c1 ~clJl 1111tl1c11tic111c nttl<l11,,1l1ic, l'Islntl1 nrnl>e
cl('\'O( 1c,e11i1 ittlX liCllX (fll ,1,t1ic-11( Vll s:1 r(11111nlio11. F{)1111c R I~n
~fe<~f(tl<', ln JJ1cr11it'1c <"(>1111,1t111nt1l cles 11111s11l111n11iss e11 ovnil t
tl1.1ssrc 1,n, Jcs itl,)l:11,r:-:, c1t1i l11i =''lli{\11t 1<~f11s l'P-r1t1c ,le ln l{n'l,a,,
,,1,,c <'<'J><'n<1t111I 1=11 All1;1)1:1111 <'11 l'l101111et11 et,, T1~s-ll:1t1I, rl'n1,1s
1, 11l,l,i11. l.,es 11111s11lr11:111isis i1,:1('11I ,J,i r t1i1 clc,,n11I lct11s nclversni,
1
1,~. l .. 'l1rgi1c ('S( l l\'('ll cl< 1(111 (lt'ftle. IJ'l1gi1e llC C()lnlll(!ll(:c JlfiS
111,c- 1>r1fl(le c1c\ gf,>i1r, rllc> cc111slilt1c 1111 sig11e cl'i1111111iss~t11ce. C'est
1111(' tinte n l>n1111i1 c'I les 11111st1l111:,11iss 111<li11,>is 11e cesse.10111 (le
1,:1,,:1illc1 i, l'eff nce111t 11I <le (el le tft<.l1c. Ils so11l 1nninte11nnl vc11gs.
1
l .:1 l:1ll1r <le J'l1fgir(l l'sl ln,c. [.,'Jsln111 Rrol>e est <lsor1ndis victo--
1ir,11x. l\(nis celle 1e11t1fe I. . n l\lc<~<1t1e 11'est pns se11lc111er1f 11ne vic--
t,,i1<' ('tl11f1c lrs itlf>lnl1cs. C'lsl llcn11c,1111> 1>lt1s. Celle 1,)11l1c co11-
!-;:t(1c l'11111l1isnli(111 tic l'lsln111. 11 )" 11 <lso1111nis <let1x lsl,1111. J.,'Jt,Jn111
r,1igi11nl, le sctt1 lsl:1111 111i111itir, lsl:1111 j11if ; el l'lsln111 ,1~1iv, l'lslnn,
:11:1f1r, <lll C<>1111111111nt1f<~ <l<s 11111s11l111n11iss, n,,ec scltl <1,cf, l\fol1n111-
111,,,1, C'I s11 1>1<'111ic\1( s~11ngog11e 111 f(;1'l)n <le I . . R l\lr<.crt1c. llie11l(>t ces
1
cJ,,t1x lsl,1111 s11i,,1c>11t lr11rs ,,oies 1>1clJ)1e~ : ils se <lvel<>p1>ero11I <lon!-1

l<'t11s ,c1<'S 1cs1,ccli,es, c111i 11c sr1(>11t t>ns lot1jot1rs <les voies 1>n1nl-
r:l(i) (:'l~l ,.,. fltli ,J,,111,n lif'tl :1 l'x1)11fsi,11 clcs 11111~11!111:111i~is (le l ..n f\fc(~-
r111t.
<J> s,,t11. x,.,,,,,. 2r,.
LA GUERRE MDINOISE 217
llcs ; J11ifs cl 111\1sltl111n11iss se l1e111leront, cl1ercheront n se
1t,q li e1l1c11 l. 1..-e 1al, l, in <[ u i avai l vot1l tt j tt<I aiser l' A1u-
J,i c, 11'a rt1ssi <Jt1' jctc1 tin fer111e11l de lro11ble nouveau liens le
l,i1ssi11 111<liler1nnen. La renl1e, n La Mecq11e, <les 1nust1l1na11iss
11l11n (les co11sq11e11ces i11celct1lnbles pottr l'l1istoire de la civilisn-
tio11. Jt1sq11'ici, cl1rliens el jt1ifs laint set1ls en lt1lte, Un lroi-
si111e nclvc1soi1e ent1e en lice : l'Islam arabe, qtti vivra pat <le f 111,s-
ses J>iccs d'i<lenlit el c1t1i va stoJ>pet', dans tot1tes les pa1ties clt1
111011tle ,,i1 il pa1vientl1n s'tablir, la 1narcl1e <le l'intelligence el <le
]a SJ>i1it11alit.
l.,n

~()11l"lll!

Xl.,\'111 l, r. ,il 111c11I()ll <l'1111c ex1><li(i()ll <les llllJStll-
r1111111ses:
J(;. J>is i, ,lt's l!<'!<l,,t1i11s li1isss e11 1111ii1c : V,,,1s {~les

tl 11x
1
111>J>C'lts cc,11(1,! 1111 1><!t11>)c 1,lei11 (l' t111c 1eclo11l11l>le vnill1111cc.

(()tt l>Ctl) \'Oll~ ]('S (~()llll)nll1c7., ()li l>ie11 ils SC C()llVCtli1011t R
l'lsln111. Si vc,11s ,,l>t.~isscz (!J8), Ynl,,v voir~ (l<>1111c1n 1111c l>elle
1l1il,11licl11, :1l,>1s <f tl(! si ,011s l<,t1111cz le (los, co111111e V(lllS
11,,ez tc,11111t~ le ,lc,s ll11fl;tic111c111e11t, JI vc,11s i11flig<'1n 1111 lo11r-
111e11t c1,,~1 (:I!}).
ll1111s cc~ \'C'l'S()I, t~'csl lt~ 1:1l,l,i11 111i s';1,l1cssc l, l\l(1l111111111ccl el

,,11i lt1i <licle ln f;1~~c111 (1<>111 il ,l>il s':1,l1css<!1 nt1x Jl<1<>1ti11s. J)n11s In
l:1ng11c (lt1 111l>l,ir1, les ll<l<>11i11s 11'c,11l j:1111nis 1>i1ss 1>011r (le vt1le11-
1c11x s<>l<lt1ls. l\l<)l111111111e,l 11c lc111 ,:1tl1c 11ns Ja, v1il : je v,>11s
i11>1>clle il C'<>t11l1nlf 1e nv<~c 11011s. I~'11cl,c1sni1c csl cl'1111e c re<l<lttln-
1,lc vnilln11ce :& Cc <111nliricnlif sc111J>lc l>ie11 cxcl111c les i<l<1ll1es
IIICCCfll()!i ; 111nis il 11()11S ('!;I llll)()Ssil,le cle f)l"t!CSCI" <ln,,n11fnge. ()11
:1 ,,0,1111 i,l<'11lifie1 <'CS 11tl,,c1s;1i1cs i1v<~c cles ['>c1s<'s, <Jes Ro111ni11s,
111ais v1rii111c11I, j(' 11e 111c se11s 1>:1s IP. cc>t11nge <le <lo1111C'1 1110n O(ll1-
si(1J1 it l't111c ,ll'S 111t1lli11cs l1)1><>lltt'scs <l('S cc,1i111isn11ls. Cc (Jtti est
~;1i1, c'est ,111c ers c1111c111is ,,,,c l'S Jll<>11 i11s s<>t1I i11vils co111l>ul-
l1c s<>nt <l<'s l11fi,lrlcs. l ..c lat1l cle l:1 ltrllc csl l>icn <llcr111i11 : 011
ll'S C(>l11l,nll1c, c'rsl-:'1-cli1C' ici les extc1111i11c1, 011 en raite <les 11111s11l-
111r111s. f:'t'sl l'C rr11',,11 n1>1>cllc l.1 1111111~11t11clc tle l'Isln111 1
C:c ,,c,sc'I l(i <le l:1 so111:1le Xf 6\7 JJJ 111n1q11c, h 111cs )'e11x, 1111 1>c>i11~
,:11>ilnl 1>tltt1 l'l1isf<>i1c ,lt1 l,:1ssi11 111C'<lilc11,1nre11, i1n1lo1tancc <Jtti o
,c11111,Jilc111r.11I fcJ1;111>l~ a11x C'<l11111isn11ls fftti se co11le11lc11I cl',,1111-
l('I' l1:A1li,,<'111c11l l<'S ,r,s<'f~ <l<'s 1\,tc.~ de l'lsla111 sn11s les 111<lilc1. li
1:1111 s,,,,,,c11t 111<''(lilc1 l1s l<lt1g11c111('11t 1111 tcxlc Jl<ltt1 e11 co1111>1c11-
,l1c l,>11lc ln Vtllc111 i11l<'111c. ll~111s cc ,,c,r.cl 10 <le ln so111ntc XL \ 7111,
c:18) Sf)fll fc>llltf<>i~ 1liS))C'llS('S tl, 1:, {~ll("l'r(', )':t\'f!llgl(', le l><>((tfX, le

111:ll:,cl('. Sn11r rrs ,1 i 11,1(1,ls ('fi~, l:1 1~r,.. :!~llt"l'fl le. s,1r>1>I()ll(? n f<>t1:i; l<'S Otll 1cs
l11,111111c~ : c Q11i,,,11,1t1c f>l,-it i, \':1l1,, <~I n So,, n1>fl1c ~e1n i11l1<1<lt1il l1111s
cl,c; jn1c)ir1s St)tl~ ltsc111,ls c,,11lr1c>r1l fc..c; r11iss<'nt1JC. A ,111ic,,11<r11c to11111e1:1 (ntl
1cr1t1airc) lc. cl,,s. ,.,1,,,(~ i11fli~<"1a 1111 1,,111111c11t c1t1rl , . (XI .. Vllf, 17). - C:o
~= 1,, 1," r,
1111 i , , '<' 1111 , <,I 1c 11:1.c; l l r:; 1 , s T -~ ( c: 111 :'Il c1,. < t i ,.r , <1,111 s 1~ r l r, /., r I 1e T, ,: <> I,
J>. -l -l!J-45(1 : c l~r sr1,ic,, ,lrs 01111,s ,.,,,,fl:,il le c:1rn<~lr1r ,1t111" ,,l,lignfic,11
~:1<1rr. 'l'c111s <lc!,:,ir11t 11;11licirc~1 ,,,1 ('c111lnl, Pt1 '1 r.1n l<s n,c,1glcs cl lrs <sr10-
1,iis >. ()11 St' clC'11,n11,1,, c1t't <'<'1lni11s l1islc>1ir11s ,011l l)t1isc1 llt11s 1c11sC'ignc-
111c11t~.
(:JO) St)lJI'. Xl .. \'111, Ili.

LA OUERRE ltf DINOISB 219
c.~'esl le 1i1l>i11 (Jt1i <l<,11nc Mol1n111111cd <les consignes relatives nt1x
)lclClltllS.
A C<.'s 111t1sttl111a11iss, ft11111s c11 co111m1111at1l, oyant tin cl1ef
111nl>c, .l\lol1n111111e<I, tin liv1e n1nl,c, le Co1"oh, il fnttl adjoi11drc les
Jl(lo11 i11s, <~11 x n 11ssi nrn l1es, gt1e11icrs snns en ll1011si usme, l101111\1 es
(le l'1111i1c, l'<l111111c Jcs n1>11elle le rnlJbin, et <Jt1i, sttr le cl1nn11> clc
l,11lnillc, t,>l1111e11t rncilc111c11l le ,los . l'e1111e111i.
l)ons la cnm1>ng11e 1elale n11 v. 10 <le la sournle XL''III,
1\lol1n111111e<l, s111 Je co11scil clt1 1l1l1bi11, fnit OJlpeel ces B<lot1i11s .
J11sq11'ici n1t1s11l1na11iss el Bllot1i11s s'ottaq11nient at1x idoltres
nrol>C's.Jt1s,111'ici le l>tll <le gt1c11c assign oux mt1st1lmaniss lnit
C'sse11licllen1cnt In 1cprise lie I...a Mecq11e el l'inslallalion, dans ln
l{a'J,n, <lt1 c11llc <le Yol1,v. Lev. 16 nous offte cles aper11s co111pl-
t,~111c11l 11011,,en11x. Il ne se111l,le pns, en effet, fftte les n<1vc1saircs <Jttc
cl<)vc11l ici c,,n1l>oll1c les 111tts11]moniss et les l1<l011ins soient (les
111111,('S : Vo11s t!lcs n1,1>(!ls. co11lrc t1n pet111le <l't111c 1e,l(>t1lnl>le
,~1ill1111,~c . ()11 a l>ic11 l'i11111ression, e11 lisa11t ce texte, qtte les 111t1sL1l-
111u11iss cl Jcs Il<l<ltti11s 11c co1111aissc11t pns ces nouveat1x a,lvr1-
sa1 i 1cs. <.:es n<lve1sai1cs (1'1111e 1c,l 011 lol,le vnil Inn ce ne sont pas <les
A1i1l,cs, ce 11e s011t 1>ns 11011 1>lt1s <les J11ifs; et ceci pour ,letax rai-
s<,11s : ()'1tl>o1<1, 1>n1ce qttc nc1t1s n'avons a11ct1ne preuve certaine qtte
les A1t1l,cs j11cluss nic11l l11ll, ln p1iode oi1 notts sommes, co11t1e
les .fttifs; el en seco11cl lic11, les Jttifs 1ep1senlnnl les 11111s11l111a11s
cl'<>1igi11l', (<ln11s le ge111c 111t1s11)111a11, les pre1niers annlog11es), ne
S(>11I 1>lt1s co11ve1ti1 i, l'Isln111 f Cc 1>et1plc plein d't1nc 1e<lc111tn-
J,le vnilloncc >, <Jtte les 11111s11l1naniss et les Bclo11i11s cloivc11t
cxlc1111i11c1 011 co11vc1li1 i, l'Isln111, 11e s0111 ni n1nl>cs, ni jt1ifs : c,csl
1111 1>ct11>lc <l't111e nt1l1c 111cc, p1ol>nlJle111cnl J>ns iles s111iles
J11s<111'ici, les 111,1s11l111n11iss nvnient lttll contre <les A1nbt~s.
1\~'11111 1et1 <ltt 1nl,l>i11 le Co1nl), ,lttfllicnln cl11 Co1nn l1l>re11, ces
,\ 1111,es 11111s11l111n11iss en conve1 tissn11 l les A1n hes i,lol lres )C' 111
tlJ>1>1c111,i<'11I h 1>1ic1 <011111,c Jl1ie11t les jt1ifs, mois. p1ier e11 nral>c.
) ..es 111l1st1l111n11iss J>snl111<><linie11t l'Ancien Tesla1nent en arabe. J.,c
111l>l>i11 11v11il cr11, c11 l1n,l11isnnt e11 n1nbe les liv1es <le la Bible, cor1-
Vl~1tit les A11,bes nt1 Dic11 <l'ls1nl. En fait, les vne111ents nvnie11t
fi 1>lt1s f(ltl~ (Jtte sn 1>ensc : Je ral)l>in nvnit efective1nenl jt1clns
l;1 c1,1,~n11~c 1eligie11se <les Atn)Jcs, en re111ploant let1r icloltrie J>nt
le t't1llc <Il' ''t1l1,v; 111nis tln1 conl1e, tottl en j11rlnsant ln religio11,
il 11,'ttil 111,1l,is 1:1 1>1i1e. J.Aes 111t1s11]111n11iss ne prient q11'en a111l)r.
<:<!Il(! 11ssc,cinlio11 c11l1c ln 1eligic>t1 .it1ive el l'ex1>1ession n111J1e ntlnil
i1v,,i1 ,1011s le l>nssin 1n<lile11oncn (les cons<Jt1ences incnlc11lnl)l~s.
'l"111t ,111e les 11111st1l111a11iss lttllc1011t l'int1ie11r rltt moncle ornl>e,
Je vl1le111e11l 111nl>c de ln pense jt1ive ne st1scitern }las de ren1ot1s
t~<>1,si,ll~111l>lf'. Celle 111ll1o<lc ,l'n1nl>isnlion ling11isliqt1e <le lo reli-
gi<111 .i11V(! n,,1,it <1nillet11s t vo11l11e conscie1111nent par le rabl,i11 ;
>>o
-- L'ISl.~\~f Al\AUI~ EN ~IARCIJt - J..A OUET\JIE
111nis 111t1i11ll111111l ((ttl! )es 111t1st1l111r111iss n1al>es 1s'nlla<Jtte11l sur

l't,1cltc tltt 111l,l)i11 i1 ,les i11fi<llcs Jl<>Jl 1110l,es el n<>ll s111iles, l'n1a-
l,is11l<11 v1, ll('''cJ1i1 t1r1 flntt 111lte11i,11c11. Sons <l(>ttle, la 1>ense
1cligicttse 1>11f<>lt<lc <lc111ct11e j11i,t, 111nis celte jt1(l11satil>t1, t(tti 11c1-
,l1n ,l'aille111s 1u1>i<lr111e11t le sot1,,c11i1 (fc ses <>1igi11r.s, 11c 1>11lrern
lts cs1l1ils <tttc 1>itt ln ln11gt1c n,nl>c <ttti fini1n 1>ar s'in11><>scr. Les
11<>t1\cn11x n1t1s11l111n11iss (lJtt'ils sc>ic11l S}'1ia<111es, g1ec!i, lle1sn11s 011
1,)11111i11s) - 11e 1><l1111(,11l (le, e11i1 et1x-111111es <les 111t1s11l111nniss
1
,1t1'e11 AJ>1>1e11n11t il 111ic1 '\'al1,, e11 n1nl>e. Pott1 jttllaset" l'Ar11l>ic,

l<! 1ul>l,in nvnit nl,i111,l<>11n l'J1l>1et1 el tra(lt1it le Co1n11 en aral>e :
1ot11 11111st1l111a11isr1 <l'u11t1t'S 1nccs, les Aral,cs i11111ose1onl leu1 lan-
gtte. l\lt1st1l111n11is:1ti,,11 et n1nl,istilil>n s011t tls<>1111nis Iit~s cl't111e
f 11~011 i11tlissol,1J,le. No11s l<ttcl1c>11s ici 011 <ll>tll <ltt g,1111,I 111e11s<>11ge
(le l'Isla111 1111,l,c, <le l'n1al>isati,,11 ,ltt l,nssi11 111<lilerrnnen; notas
~(lllllJlCS n,cc 1(! V, 1(, <le l:1 S()\t1i,le x1.,,r111, 1111 (ll,11l (I(~ l'R11l et
,111 1,c,1111issc111t'11l clc ln civilis:1lic111 111(literri,11en11e. Cc>1nl1nllez
les i11fi(llcs, clil le 111l)l,i11, ,111 ct111ve1lisscz-les i, l'lsln111. Q11'ils 111icnl
11<>l1e lliett, Y11l1,,. J)c11 i1111,01lc ,1,1'ils Il~ 1>1ic11l c11 n101Je, t>tt11v11
,,,a'ils le 1eco1111nissc11l t~,,111111c l)ie11 U11<ftt<', C.1nlc111 1(,tll-P11is-
:-;nnt, l)iet1 <l'Is111l. l.,e 1nlJIJi11 11vnit j11(lns avec eff(>1t l'A1al>ie ;
J\l,,J1n1n111c(I n111l,isc1n s11ns r111is lrs 1>c111>lcs <le ln 1\l<tile11n11c ;
f\l0l1n111111e<l est ni11si tlev(~11t1 sn11s le vt>t1loi1, (>tl 1,lt1ll avec l'n1>t>tti
11
1,1111<! (lt1 robl,i11, le cl1ef ,le ln 1>111s g1n11<le (lg111tli1l(>ll <le l es1l1it
l111111nin.
Le (;<,1ah ('t>11111<,s(~ 1,111 Je 111l>l,i11 ,le Ln \'l~c<Jtl(~ JlOtlt" t!le11cl1e
J>nr111i les tril,11s n1,1l>cs le t"ttllc (le Ynl1,v , <levi11t ainsi le vl1ic11le
cl'11n 11nlif>nt1lis111e le t>ltts nl>li ,111'011 11,oit jn111nis v11. Celle 01,-
111lio11 co11l1c 11nlt11e s'<.1<1t1lc1n t<,t t,11 la1,I s<>LIS les cot11>s <l'11ne
l1iliqt1c (ll>jccli,e. .
4. - NOUVEAUX CO?tlBATS.
Les u1ut1lls co1n11isnnls snve11l lottl el vroi1nent j'a<ln1ire l~tt1

f ac;<l11 <l' t.~c1i 1e l'i, is t,1 i 1c sn 11s tloc11111en 1s. Le slogn n : 11as de lloct1-
111c11 ls, 1>as <l'l1isloi1e, ne ]es a ja111ais e111barrasss. Sans (loct1111cnts,
ils save11l et ils affi11ne11l (Jt1e les 1nust1l111aniss sont rentrs Ln
~leccJlle en 1nars 620, op1s avoi1 <lnonc une trve soi-disant con-
cl11e avec les idoll1es 1necc1uoi~ et qt1i1s appellent la trve d,Ho-
<lnlJiyya. Ces 111us11l111nniss ovnie11t d'nilleurs t extr1nernent
ge11tils. l::,ot1i vile1 lot1t l1ct11t, ils avaie11t 1>ri ces idoltres de CJt1il-
te1 l~o l\l ecqtte t>cnt.Jant lrois jours. Les n1t1sul1naniss avaie11t ,Jonc
(>tt sacc1t1iller t1a11qt1ille111e11t cle leur petit plerinage - le pleri-
11ugc 111i11et11 - . Mais se lrouva11t trs bien dans cette ville, q11i
i~l11it, 1>0111 lo }>llJ>a1t.de11lre ettx. lettr ville 11alale. les mt1st1l111n11i-
ss 11'lnie11t pas 1,1csss de relot11ner Mdine. Il R fallu lotit
l'nscentln11l le Mol1a1n111e<l pottr convainc1e ses gens de c111ille1 l . . 1\
Mcc,111c. ?t1,,l1n1n111eoss<lo11s sur ce plc1i11ngc 1nincur <le 111ars 629, s11r l'v11c11n-
l i,,11 tic I. . n Mecqtte par les Polytl1istes, st1r le dsir des m11st1l111a-
11iss <le <le111e111e1 Ln l\1ecc111e, nt1ct1n (loct1n1ent. 1\-lnis l'abse11ce
<le (l<>ct1111c11ls nu jn1nais arrt les ro1na11cie1s ni les coranisa11ts.
J.,es ct,1a11iso11ls -11011s 1>a1le11t nt1ssi ll'u11e gran()e hoteille entre
les 111l1st1J111n11iss et 1111c fo1te a11ne d'IJrncli11s. co111p1e11n11l
10().()0() l10111111es, bataille q11i at11nit eu lie11 Mo11ta, n11 s11d (le 111
rvier Mo1le, en aoti t G2!J. Les Acles de l' l."lam ignore11l con11>lte-
111c11t celte 1e11co11l1e, clsuslret1se 1>our les Arabes judass.
C'est n1>1s Mottlt\, c11 fin cl'nn11e 629, qt1e Mol1a1nn1ed nt11ait
<lci,i <le d11011ce1 l'J1ypoll1lique trve <l'Hodabiyyn :
<(ltel<Jt1cs j(>t11s n1>1s le 1t jonvie1 630, il a111ait offert t111e 0111nislic
1111x J>olyll1istcs (l0111 6 set1lemc11t attraie11t t excltts I Et ce ft1l
l'e1,l1e l1io1npl1nle Ln l\1ecc1uc. Mol1a111111ed 1no1cl1ait en tte <le
1().()()() g11e11ie1s, sn11s (1011te prcds cte la 1nt1siqt1c I Nous s0111-
111cs e11 J>leine ke1111esse. l\fol1nn1111ccl se re11dit attssilt, non poi11t
s111 ln l<l111be <llt sol<lot i11con11t1, 1nnis le l{n'ha. 1n11lel ,lifl
n 11 Iaef(>s 1>a1 Abrnl1n111 l'att tel dlt vrai Dieu.
1
Norrveaitx combats :
o) E11t1etenez e11 vo11s l n J1aine contre tout infidle. La rentre
sole1111el]c I... o fvlecqtte, l'occttpation dfinitive (le la l{abn loi11
>nise1 l'es1>1it co1nl>nlif et oposloliqt1c <les 1nusulmanisse1obr.~,
11c lit ntt co11lraire qt1e le stim_ 11ler devnntage. Le rabbin est tle
1>l11s c11 1>l11s n1<lent : c O Propl1le, m11e combat contre les Infi-
)))
tt:::.-- J.. ISl .. ,1\1\I AI\AIII~ l~N r.tAll(~III~ - 1.-A GU~nl\E
cllcs <l les ll~1,,l<1il<'s <'I sc>is (lt11 conl1c e11x ! I.. cttt 1cf11gc se1a
1:' ( i (.' 11C 111 l e e l (Jt l l' l f ' l(~ s l n 1)1C I ) C \' e 11 i l. > ( l ()) .
i
/ . ,, ,,ic ,; J..,1 ,ir,,,.,,,,r. -- llc1,t1<~s o l . . it l\Iec(111c, les 11111s11l111n11s )'

1rt1<>11,,nic11l (l<s 1,:,1,1tls el n111is. l)c~ lic11s (l'n11cie1111c r1111ili se
1(~ssc111c1,t. lJ11 .~1,rl11 ,,,,o <le 1><>11 '\'<)isi11oge f11l vile lal,li cl le
1:1l>l>i11 <lttl 1n1>i<lc111c11l i11tc1,,e11i1 J)C>\11 cle111n11<lc1 l\tlx jt1closs <le
11e 1>1,s 011l,lic1 <1t1,il 11')' o,nit 1>lt1s 11i 1,:,1c11ls 11i 11111is, l101s <le 111 f(>
llll \rnl1,, <l'l81'lll;I : () (1\111l>cs) lJll c1oycz l JlC 1>1er1cz l)()tll vos
Clll\ClllS et lllCS ('llll('lllS C()l)IIIIC ,,rfilis, lct11 f,,isn11t <l1no11stra-
tio11 <l'11111ili, ,,1.,1s (ftt'ils $()Ill i11c1<lt1lcs Cil ln V1il VClltle R
\'()llS >. Ce so11l ('llX C(tli ()Ill CXt>tlls l\l<)llOllllllC(l el VOtts-111111cs <le
I .. a l\ 1cc.~ (J11 e, 1, 1i <is <' 1, t l ~ 11 t i1 c n 11 se <1c v <, l 1c f c>i e 11 Y n l1,v , )e D i e t t
lJ11ic1t1e, <~1nlct11, <ftti s'C'st 1,,~lt~ n l\l<l!'le st11 le l\1<>11t Si11tli. Et
1111j<>t11tl'l1t1i, Vl)tts lc111 t111c,ig11(\z (1t! l'n111 i li ..Je le' sais, 111nis fniles
t,i<~11 ntte11lio11, S'ils en l1"<>l1,1 e11l l')c~cnsio11, ces l11fi(lles cl1e1cl1c-
1c>11t it V<>tls 1n1ttl~11e1 n11 cttllc cles i<loles. Ils sc1011l tlot1r vo11s (les
<'1111c111is, cl vc,11s 11111l11111c1011l <1<' lt1 111ni11 cl <le 111 ln11gt1e (11). Il
11'~, l\ 1>ns tl'n111ilic! 1>(>ssil,lc t11l1c les (l(,ltil1es cl les Ct<>ya111l~. I .. c
sct1l se11li111<11t ,111c J>Cttl ~1>r1>t1vc1 t111 C1oyo11l llOtlr 1111 i<lc>lfil1e,
l~'esl 1111 se11li111<11t (le l111i11c! (,12). Scig11e111, 11c 11<lt1s 111<'1s J>ns e11
lcnl11lit,11 (,te 1c11<'t 11c)l1c fc,i) <l<'\ n11l cc11x <ttti S(>lll i11fl<llcs 1 > (,13)
1
Q11'e11l1c Vl>tls el 11<l11s 1t11nissc11l l'i11i111ili cl 1~1 l1ai11c i, l<Jttl

jn111~1is jtlS(lll'n (.'C (flic \'()IIH Cl"l))'lCZ Cil Ynll\Vl~ set1lc111e11l (,f,1).
Snns (1<>111~, 1"1111,, Ill~ vc>tls i11tP.1clit 11ns cl'l1c l>o11s el j11stes
(lll\'Cl'S . ('CIIX (JII, <1;111s lt~ cJ,,111:,i11e 1eligiettx, Ile V()llS Olll p<>nt
('(lllll>n(ttlS Cl <III 11'()11( J>IIS ('.Olll1l>tl fi VOllS CXl)ltlS('l <le VOS (ICtllet1-
1es, <'l ,,011s (>11t ,1l>lig,;s i1 11llc~1 vc>11s 1f11gic1 il 1\1<li11e. Ynlaw
:1i111<~ ce11x (fl1 S(ltll C',111il11l,lcs. 1>111 co11l1e, vt,11s co1111nissez les i<10-
lf'1l1es c1t1i vc>11~ <lltl n11l1c~r<,is c~c>111l>nll11s, <t tii vcl11s (>Ill c:11nsss (le V()S
l~fllll'l1is ef flll (llll ))lft<~ 111:,i11-fclt'fC Cl
(~XlltJISt)II, \r()llR ]e~
Vt)fl'C
("C)IIJl:lSS<'7. l>ic11; 111:1i11lr11n11l <111(' V()IIS tes l'('llltc~s clll)S V(lS <lc1,1e11-
1rs. ,,ilez fl(\ IC's lll'flll(l1'(' l'()llllllC ,,rnli(:\S. N<' les (l(ll)Clr~ J>ltts, ll
\'(>l1c se(~c,111s. Ils s,1111 cxc)11s tic V<ll1e co111111t111n11t (,15).
Si Ynl,,,, 11~ ,ot,~
i11le1<lil tltls ers l>ot1s 1n1>1>c11ls JlCl'S(ln11cls,
rt'(ltll>liC'z j11111tis (Jtlt' lt>tll i<lt>lf, t1c est }>(lt11 ,c>tts 1111 c1111e111i f(ti'il
f:11rt C(llttl>nllrc.
(-lt)) So,11. J.,x, 1.

!l:
1
\Ctl r :\tlS~l IX, 71.
(-Il) Sc1111. 1.X. 1-2.
( -12 ) , ,, i, 1., .
(1:l)ll,irl., a.
(-11) ll>i<l., 4.
(15) l t,i,I., 8-~).

LA GUEI\I\E MEl>INOISE 223
11) Co11rl,al.-; f ralrici<lr..-;. -

L'l1i~loire 111t1st1l111a11e, (le1>uis la f 011-
cf 11 li,>11 etc l'Isln1n 1>i11 le 1nlJbi11, est constil11e d'ttne cl1oine i11i11-
lc11(>11111t1c (le I11ttes cl <le 111nssnc1cs f1nl1ici<les. L'1111il nral>e ne
se co11oit q11e 1>n1 l'exlc1111innlio11 (le lotis les partis opJJosn11ls.
C'esl <~e c111c 11011s co11slnto11s a11jo11r<l'J1t1i e11core : les pi1es ennc-
111 is (1cs A1n1,es, ce s011l les 11111st1l111aniss e11x-mmcs. Po111 <lo111i-
11<~1f) 1111 A1nl1e 11'l1site jamais ltte_r 1111 nt1fre mt1st1l111n11is el
ceci, 11111)g1" les dfc11ses 1it1cs (lu 1>sctt(lo-Coran. Cet instinct
(le sn11vnge d,l111inalio11 11'esl 1>ns n<>uven11. Dj ap1s ln Fttite, le
1nlllli11 nvnil essay <le l'e111aye1, sn11s d'oillet1rs y 1>arvenir.

O. Si <leux tla1lis de C1oynnls se con1battent, rtablissez c11(1e

<'tlx la co11co1,le f Si l'11n ,t'eux 1>ersisle en so rel>cllio11 C<)11-
l1c l'o11lre, co1J1bnltez (le pn1ti) rcl>clle, j11sq11' ce qtt'il s'j11-
,li11,~ (levn11t l'o1l1e ,le Yal1,,, I S'il s'i11cli11e, lnl,lis~~z l:1
<(,11cor,le cnl1c c11x, ovec j11stice, et soyez quitables I Ynla,v
,,i111c cet1x c111i 111aliq11c11l l'q11it.
1(). J.. ~s C:1o)'n11ls so11I sc11len1c11t ,les f11es. l~lnblissC'z cl<>ttc ln

C(>ll<!(>t(lc e11l1e vos f11cs <'l c1njg11ez Yal1wl Pet1l-t1e V(ltts
sc1n-t-il fnil 111is1ico1<le (46).
(~es vc1scfs 11011s 1vlent q11e si ce1lnins m11s11l1nn11iss loic11t

c11(~li11s il 11oclis<'1 ovec ]es i<lol6t1es 111ecq11ois, ce1tai11s Atnl)cs, Ilnt
co11l1c, 11'l1silnie11t 1>ns co1,1l>ollrc <l'n11t1es grottpes clc 1nt1s11l111n-
11isrs. f..,3 tcll,fC>ll ll'll jlllllflS t, ell lc11e ()'ls]a1n, qtt'Un ns(t'lllllCilt
,I,! (lc>111i11nlio11. Ce <Jt1i i111porle, n11jo11t(l,l111i encore (lans le f>10-
t~l1('-(l1il~11I, c'est In (10111 i 11 n I i 011 n rnb e, 11c f (\ t-el Ie In l>l ie q 11 'n 11
1>1ix (lt1 111nssac1~ (les J>(>1>11latio11s 11111st1l111nniscs. I...es Occide11lnt1x
(l11f 1>P-i11c co1111)1e11,l1e ,lan!i ses 1>rofondeurs ce jeu des fo,ces
1111I()11nlcs cl religi<'11ses. No\1s so1111nes 1101> cartsiens pou1 co111-
1>1r11,l1e cr.s ~111.Jti)ils. E11 to11le l)o11nc foi, nous poso11s co111111c
1>1i11ri11e <le co11(l11ire le 1espect <le l'Isla1n ; les cl1efs 1nus11l111n11s,
<'tlx, 11c s'i11l1esse11t n11llc111cnt h ce 1es1>cct. Pour e11x, cc n'esl J>ns
l'Isln111 <ftti co1111>lc, .1nni3 l'ntal>isntion qt1'il sttppose et entr:1i11c.
I .. rs lttllcs f1al1icines ((tli cc>t1v1c11t l'laistoire 1nust1lmane, ne sc111t
j:1111:1is clcs lt1lles <le 1cligion, 1nnis des lttlfes de nations. C'est
11i11si (Jtle l'Af1 . iq11e clll No1<l a seco11 depttis les A]moha<les le jc>11g
n1nl>e, sn11s jn111nis c11ln111er le bloc n1t1s11Jrnn11 ; 1nais la sit11ntio11
est lc>l11lc111e11t cliff(.11e11le fls q11'il s'ngit tic gt1crre ent1c 11111s11l-
111ra11isi's n111l>es el inficlles no11 a1nl>es. Ces infidles, sans y llrc-11-
<l1c l-(l11,t,,, <ln11s ln 111est11e 1n111c oi1 ils vet1lent 1cspeclc1 la 1eli-
(46) Sottt. XI .. IX, 0-10.

224
1. ISI..A~I AI\AllE EN f.lARCIIE - LA OUERRE
gio11 <le Je111s n<t,,e1sni1cs, f nvo1isent Je ca1ncl1e arebc - d'ail-

lc111s f11t1sse111e11t i1111l>e - (le cette 1eligion ; 11a1" le fnil 1111nc, ils .
1t'llV tl i 11 e11 t co11 t 1c le li 1 ll I'OI >te en 11s c. E11 lr e 111t1su1111 o11s, les gue11es
11c J>et1vc11t t1c <flic (les g11c11es <le nul io11alit ; ent1e 1n11s11lma-
11iss el i11fi<llcs, 1>01 exe1111>le les cl1rt ic11s, toute faible5'<,e vis--
,is cle la religio11 co11stil11e 1>ot1r l'i11ficll e un sig11e de 1>et1r et un
l111e1,t cle <lfttilc. I~n 1es1>ecta11t l'Islar11 1 c'est l'n1nbisalion que
no11s fa vo1isc>11s. .
l)a11s les ve1sels 9-10 tle la s0111nte XLIX, qtlc not1s avons cits
J>lt1s l1at1l, le rubl>i11 1a111>elle <Jtlc les C1oya11ts s011l f1rcs. q11'ilR
,loivent agir e11 f11es cl pnr co11s(Jt1e11t viv1e en 1>aix. S'ngit-il ttni-
<ttte111ent, ,tans ce verset, <les 111 t1st1 l1na11iss a1nl>es ? Je ne le crois
J>RS. Il faudrail, e11 effet, s\lJ>llose1c111e les 111L1st1l111aniss se se1aienl
scinds en 1>l11sic111s pi,rlis 01>1><>ss les u11s nt1x n11t1cs, et C(t1'il
11'exislnit pas cl'nt1I 1e cnt1se <le <lt~sncco1(l q11c ln religio11 <ln11s ln
<,,111111t111nut <les 11111s,1l111n11iss. f)'11illet11s, les Arabes s011t f11es
nva11I 111111e ,l'l1(! 11111st1l1111t11s cl le 1nl>bi11 11'~1v1til :111c11nc 1nisc,11
tic le111 rn1>t>l'IC'1' l"<.s lic~11s. I><~ tc,11te vi <le11ce, le 1nl,ui11 s'n<l1ess<!
i<:i <les 11111s11l111:,11iss <le 111c~es clifl'1e11les, ,111i S(~ co111l,:tlle11l
1<~ci1>1oc111e111e11l. 1>11 1><li11I <le vt1c 11alio11ol lll 1>e11l-l1c 111111c
1
11,cinl, ils 11 (>111 t'Jllre c11x nt1c1111 1a1>1>t>1l et 011 C<>1111lre11fl <tti'ils
J>11iss<'11l se ri,i1<, 1~, gt1c11e. l\l~tis le 11,l,lli11 le111 filil 1c111a1c111c1 ,1t1e
111 1eligic>11 tr,l>lil <~IIP 1t11ssi (les li<~11s ,Je f111lt't11il. 1)11 fait 1111ne
(f ,,e iles l10111111es <Il) 11,ccs <liff 1c11tes s<>nl 11111s11ln1nniss, ils s011t
fr1es et, tant f1i 1rs, ils 11e ,t,>i, r11t J>ns se l>alt1c. Ces versets 9-1()
1 1
,le <~elle so111nte XI . . IX, co1rol1c)1e l'i11tc111rtalio11 c111e not1s nvon~

tl(lJ111c (lt1 ,, 1r, <1 e 11, so11 rn te XL VIII el nc>tts 1>011 vo11s pe11scr
((tt'n Cl'lle 11,1c1tt<' (11llt1s S<l111111es n1>1s ln Ft1il<~ <le l\ltli11e ; n1>1s
l:1 1(~11l1c i1 1~= l\lc<:,1t1~, 11,1x r11,,i11l11s 11ct1l-~l1e <le (,30), l'lsln111~
i1l11,l211ll J>nt Il' 1:1l,l>i11 c11 A111l,ic, 1, (l jit c<>111111t~11c il tlb(>t<l1
l1cl1s (111 111ilie11 n111l>e.
5. - ~l<>DlJS \'IVENl>I A L..\ l\lECQUE ENTllE MUSULP.IANISS ET IDOLATRES.
) T,eve ,le q11alre ntois. - L'l1gi1e est venge. La rentre

Ln l\,fec<1t1e n lav la l1011le <le lu fttile ; 1nais la paix entre les 1>oly-
tl1islcs et les C1<>yn11ls est loin <l'l1e nss111e. Le 1abbin JJ1e11,t
bien s<>i11 <l'cnl1etc11ir da11s le cur <le Mol1nmn1ed et de ses fi<l-
Jes l'es111it de lutte. Le l)iet1 d'Isral est 1111 Dieu jalot1x qui 11e
lol1c 1111ct111 acco111111ode111c11t. Les Actes de l'lsla1n notts ont co11-
se1v le tex le d't111 pacte i1111>os 11a1'" les 1nus11I111a11iss nux iol-
t1es <le I. . a l\fecq11e el qlt 11ot1s cl1nontre une fois lie pl11s l'inl1a11si-
gen11cc 1cligiet1se <les jt1(lo--arabes. Liso11s le texte de ce Pacte :
t. l1111111111it <le Yel1w et de Son a1>l1e, J>ot1r ceux <les Ass<>-

cinlet11s avec (ftli v<>us avez co11clu 1111 1>octe.

2. Allez flo11c po1 ln le11e (<lttranl) qt1alre 1nois I Sacl1ez q1te

V<lt1s 11<' 1<lt1i1cz 11ns Y11l1,v l'i1111>1tissn11ce et <ttte Yal1,,
1>l<>11gc111 <ln11s l'o1>1>1l>b1e les l11fi<lles 1 ('17).
(:es <ll't1x ve1scls s111>J><>se11l ln 1>1sence n I. . n Mecq11e (les n1t1st1l-

111n11is<~s, ({tli 011t c<>ll(~l11 1111 1>11cle nvcc les <lc,lt1es. Cc pacte st~
,~<l11c1lisc 1>n1 u11e t1vc cnlrc les <lct1x cn1n1)s en11c1nis et cette
t1vc t><ltI<~ s111 ttnc <l111c <le q11alre 1nois, 1>e11<lanl lesqt1cls les
Jl,>l)tl1isles <lev1ont (Jt1iller La l\fccc111e. C'est le sens le plus clni1
cl le 1>lt1s si1111llc <le ces <le11x versets. Ric11 11c nous per1nel cle ,,oir
l'II t'lct tln11s cc texte t1ne tl11011cialion de la conve11tio11 d'Ilo<111-
l>iy)'n. cc>11ve11lio11 lnq11ellc les Acles de l'lslan1 11e font <l'nilleu1s
n11c1111c"' 11lll1sio11. 011 11e ,,o it 11ns 11cltl 1>111s q11e celle trve st11>posc
li,11s ces vc~1scts a111nil t tablie J>Ot1r JJC1111eltre altx idolnt1cs
l'n<~C<>1111,li1 le Plc1inagc. En 11roposn11l ces diffrentes l1y1>0-
ll1s~s, les corn11isn11ts nc>t1s clon11e11t l'i1111>1ession cle se clbt1lt1e
(l111s <111 V<'nl. JJe sens qt1c 11ot1s pro1>0s011s ressort, pat co11l1c, vr1~i-
l;,l>le111e11I clt1 texte, c111i n ' n J>os bcs(li11 11011r tre co1111l1is, cl'l1e
t,11111,isc(>l. Les 111t1st1l1nn11iss e11 rocc111Jant La Mecqt1e 011l do11c
<\l,1l)li :,,,cc.~ les Polyll1istes, 11n pncte, 11n 1no<l11s vivendi. Ce pnclc
f11v<>1isc 11clle111c11t les 111t1s11)111n11iss : il est slip11l, en effet, q11e
cls,)1111nis \'nl1w cl So11 n1>t1e 11e seront plus altoqt1s Jlat le~
l11fi<lles. O'oillet11s, ce~ <le1'11iers sont .invits q11ilter Ln Mecqt1e
J>er1ln11l qt11,t1c 111ois. Qtt'ils sacl1c11t bien qt1'ils ne sero11t jamnis
,,sscz fo1ts 1Jot11 1<lt1i1e Yal1,v l'i111pt1issAnce ; qt1e, lJie11 ntt
c<>11l1ni1e. c'est Yol1,v <Jt1i plongera dans l'o1)probre les l11fidles.
(47) Sottr. IX, l-2.
15
22(> t
J., ISI..Al\f Al\:\DE EN lARCIIE - I..A OUEI\RE
1
1,) J,,e l <:l,1i11,1r1r.. -J.,cs ,,. t-2 clc ln sol11ntc IX, 11011s pa1!nient
,l't111<! l1\ C ('11l1c 111t1s11l111:111isl'S cl i<l<>lt1cs. l.,cs v. 3-5 11<>tls 1>n1-
1
lc11L <le sn 1111,t111c n l'<>ccnsic>11 ,ltt 1>lC'1i11nge : P1c>cli1111olion de

\r,111,,, ct <le Stlll t111l1c OIIX l lo111111cs - (e'est-i,-<li1c IOllS les
f:1t>J'n11ls), 011 g1n11<l j<>tt1 clt1 t>i~le1j11:1gc >. I"'n t1ve esl 10111pt1c,
les 11111s11l111011iss s0111 <ll,fis i, l'gt11ll cl<~s Associate111s :. (48)
cl l'i~lot <1e g11c1e esl 1tnl>li 1>n1 le 11,l>l>i11 : (l11fi<llcs), si vot1s
1e,cnez (<le V<>l1c! c11ct11) cclt1 sc1i1 t111 l,ie11 1><>t11 vo11s. Si (t1t1 C<lt1-
ltni1c) VOllS V()llS tll()lll'llCZ, sncl1cz (jllC VOllS Ile 1<1t1i1ez ])3S
\~i1t,,,, l'i1111,11iss:111cc 1 (-l!l) . No11s t1oltVCl11s <lji1 nt1 v. 2 <le celle
1,t111c S(>t11nlc IX Jln1cillc 1flexi(111. J..,c.'s (l(>lf1t1es ,,c <l<)vc11l se
fttisc. ltttCllllC ilftlS<Jll. l\lt,l1n111111<~,I fni:, g111ciet1sc l\1111()1\CC d'tlll
lot11111c11l <.111tI, i, c<'llX 111i s(,11l i11fitllcs >> (G(,) ; NcltlJ>Jle1,,11l
i, cc l(ltlrlll('Jl( (Ill(' l'S i11fi<lil( S i1vf'c (ftli V()(IS tlVl\Z ('()11<~1,, 1111
1
J>OC(C, (Jll <'llSlllc Ill~ \'(1118 ()Il( t><)llf f~ll (l(lllllllflgc (!l ll'Ollf fll'(
a,ssisto11ce (,,11l1c ,,<,t1s. l\e~;1Jeclez nlt,1s plei11c111c11l votre tlncte nvec
('llX jtlS(jlt'tlll lel'tlll' ((1 i lt~S lie ( \':tll\.V alllt' CCllX Jlli {.,c c1ni-
g11c11I > (f>l).
c..) ll111,t111,! ,/, l,t l1i11r. - l .. ;1 lav<! c~l tl(llll~ 1,,1111>t1e e11l1c ]c8
111l1s11l111:111is('s t'I les il<>lf1l1(~s tftti se 111n i1,tic1111c11l tl:11,~; l(!t11 Jl<>:1i-
li,a11 (l'11tt,,e1s:1i1es. J>t,111 c'.{~t1x-li1, 11'tt}'('7. n11ct111c i11<l11lgl'l1rc.
(J.111111<1 les 111(,is s:,,1t's s<111I r.x1,i1s, ltl l'z-lcs l)lttl<>tll <Jtl ,tttis J,,s
t1<1t1,<1c1. 1 ,,,.tsstz-lcs ! J\ssi('gl'7.-lcs ! l)1cssc1. 1>c>tt1 e11x <les c1111J11s-
1
c:1(ll\s l 1 :11 t'(>11l1c, :,'its 1c,i<1111c11l le~ lct11 l~11e,11, s'ils fc,1,t l:t
1,1ii1c tl <lc>1111r11l l':111111cA>llC', l,1issez-lct11 le <.11:11111, lil>1c I Ynl1,v
(.'Sl ltl>s>l11ltt11 -
lc1 1tcll1c C:c>1:111 l1c\J,1e11.
l)1111s 1ts ,r1sc.ls s11i,t111ls (,-If, <le celte s<>t11nle IX, le t'nl>l>i11
l'('\'l'lll SIII' c.C.'$ llll\lllCS (~(>llscl('l"tll<>IIS, ell )r OilJl(ll'(;111I <1<! ci, <IC )fi,
c11tcl(111cs 11t'ci~;i,,11s. J..,t's 11111s11l111t111is<'!s sc,11( l(>ttj<>t11s I~n l\'lcccJttc;
11i,1 (<,11s(ft1e11l, c11 co11l,ttI l1oil cl jot1111nlie1 nvec les (lolt\tres.
I\J,,11 fils l\lc>l1111l1111<~<I, si ltl 1(:11c<>11l1es, <lit le 1ol)l>iJ1, 1111 i11fi<llc
111i te tlc111n11tl<' 1>1>lecli<>t1, c,>111111c clie11t, co111111e cl1e1cl1a11t ln
\'i1il 1cligict1~c, 11e le 1c11(111ssc Jltls. Accot<ll~-l11i tn J>1<lleclio11,
g111<lc-lc c<>11l1c ]es n11l1es i(l<1lf1t1cs, jt1sqt1'it cc <1t1'il C'11lenllc 111
11n1(),(! <le 'r;lll\\'('. 1.:11st1ilc, fi,is-lc 1>01vcni1 n,, lict1 <le t1n11<111illil
c111i <'si le sie11, (" .. l'Sl-i1-<li1e f ;1is-lc\ 1e11l1c,1 <l011s l11 <<1111111l1111111l tirs
JllllSlllJllllllist!i, ,c.' (Jtl (CJ'IIIII(', (li) ctl'ct, le c~(lc l11:11 (le Sl C()llVCI-
( 18) llitl., :1.

( l!l) /l1irl.
(f,0) ll,i,l.
(al) 11,;,1., 1.
(f>2) Jl,i,I. fi.

LA GUERRE MEDINOISE Z27
sic>11 1 (53). Mais dfie-loi 1 Il n'y a d'entente possib1e qu'avec les
i11fi(llcs qt1i a11raient concltt avec vous 11n pncle prs de le Mosqtl<'e
snc1e (5.t) lan t bien sli1>ttl dn11s ce pacte qt1e les idc)l tres nbn11-
<lc>11ne1011l ]a Ku'ba 1>c>t1r la lnisser la libre <lis1>osition {les
C1o)'n11ls (55). S'ils 1cs1>eclent ce pacte, soyez d1oils ovec etax.
J>111c>lc 1>c111r 11a1ole, Ynl1w aime cct1x qt1i Le crnig11ent (56). l\Inis,
cc>111111e je vot1s l'ai dil, <lfiez-vous. Les i<.lolfitrcs ne se fo11l 1>ns
f 1111 le <le 111011c111er let1rs 1>10111csses et leurs engagemcn ls. l ls
V<>tls 1>10111etlenl to11t ce qt1e vo11s vo11lez, 111ais le11rs curs s011t
1el,ellcs el la J>lupert s011l IlCrvers (57). Ils font bon 111arcl1 <les
c<>111111i,11<lcmenls cle Yul1,v. lis cl1e1cl1ent vo11s carle1 <lu <l1oil
cl1c111i11 (58). Com111e je vot1s l'oi dj dit (50), s'ils font la }lti1e.
s'ils f<l11t 1'111111111e, c11 11n n1ot s'ils 1eco1111uissent com1ne seul l)ie11,
le J>ic11 t111icJt1e d,Is1~al, s'ils s011t s011111is n ses co111111a11clen1cr1ls,
c'c~sl-n-<li1e, s'ils so11l (le vrilt1l,les 1nt1st1I111a11iss, co11si<l1cz-lcs
co111111e vos f11es e11 1cligion ((iO>. Mois s'ils violent les sc1111e11rs
<Jlt'ils vo11s 011t fnils, s'ils atlnc111ehl l'Islu111, co1nattez-les. J>ettl-
l 1c cesse1<ln l-i ls Jc111s 111n1111 vres (60).
li est 1>ossi1Jlc el 111111e fort J>tobable q11e les iclolAlrcs, 111n11-
f{11n11t 1111c fois <le 1>lt1s il lettr pn1~0Je, cl1e1cll1ent no11veo11. n
<~x111l!iC'I" cl Ln l\1ec<111c l\1ol10111111e(l et les 11111s11l1na11iss r(\tll1rs
1<',c;c111111c11l <ln11s le111 ville. C'<'sl ces co1nnls l,i11lrie111 ,Je
J..,1, l\lc<.<1t1e CJtle se 1n1>1>01te11t l1s v1nise111I,lnblen1e11t les vc1scls
s l l i \' l t J1 ts : .
1:J. Ne C<>111l>nlt1cz-vol1s 1>0s cles gens ayo11l viol le111s se1111enls

cl n)ro11l 111(lil <l'ex1>11lse1 l'a1,(>l1e, nprs qt1'ils vot1s 01,t
nlll1c111s les IJtc111ie1s ? (61). Les rc<lot1tcz-vot1s, nlo1s c111c
\'t1l1,v est 1>lt1s (ligne c1t1e vo11s Le 1c<lo11tiez, si vot1s le~
(<le v1t1is) C1oyn11ls ?
(53) lbi,I., 6.
(54) 1/Jitl., 17 ; voir 1>lt1s lo i11 J>. 229.
(55) 11,i<I., 7.
(56) 11,i,I., 8.
(57) Il,i,l., 9 - voit nt1ssi iblcl. 10 c lis 11'ol>scrvcnt l'gnr.
(f,8) li,i,l., 4.
(5!)) lbi,I., 11.
(f,()) ll,i,l., 12.
(fil) ()11 1101111nil c1()i1c ,1,? p1i111, nl<>r,1 q11c cc verset fnit nl111sion n11x
<111t~1cll~s ,111i t1l,outir{'1tl n l'll~i1c. ~tnis l'lluirc <lnte cle plusieurs nnnf~.s.
1><' t>llts, r.c v. 13 s' encn,l rc 11nrf:,i tc111cn l <ln11s le co11 tcx le des versets 1Jrti-
clc11 ls 110,1s 1et1nnnt ]es rnJ>porls tl'i11scuril J.. o l\fecque, entre 1'1o11ur11-
111t(I ,t :-.,s 11111~11l111nniss 1c11t1s <le Mtlinc, et Jcs t,Jolt1cs 111crqt1ois. (:ts
i<l11t1111t~ 1,,t1I 1111l111cllc111cr1I cssn}'r<'nl, ro111n1c notas le consfnl<>ns ,1,,,,s lt~
,. 1:1, le 1ero11ler lt's A1nfcs isla111is(.s q11i, <le leltr cl, s'nccrocl1e11l n11
l,t.1<cn11 ,le l'lsln111 ,,,nl,c. c Co1nbnllcz-les >.
228 L'ISLA?\I AI\AllE EN 1'1AI\Clll~ - LA GUEilllE
14. Co111baltcz-1cs J J>1,1 vos 11111i11s, Ynl1,v Je~ to111n1enlera et

les co11,1i1~, <l'o1>1>1'(>l.>1e, nlo1s q11'Il V(>tts secourra (viclo-
1ic11se111c11I) co11l1c ettx, cJtt'll gt11i1a le 1essenti111e11l <les
C:10Jo11ls el cl1nsse1n ln c(>l1e tlc leurs cu1s.
15. Y1,J1,\ 1c,,ie11l ((le S11 1ig11e111) e11vers c111i Il ve11l, '\'al,,v
s ni l l c>t I l c l 11 es t s 11 g e.
1G. I~sti111ez-vc>t1s ,111c ,,0,1s s~1l~Z nl,n11(lo1111s cl c111e Yt1l1w 11c

co1111nil 1>n" Clll'OI"(~ CCllX (Jll, lllCIIOlll C()llll)nl (a11s le cl1e-
111i11 (le \'i,la,,,<.~), 11 <>11l J>tts J>tis (l'a<lj<li11ts c11 <lcl1<>1s (le
1
Yol1,,,, <le S<111 011(,t1c <\l les C1o)yn11ls ? Yi1l1w est i11ft11111
tle ce Cftte \'()lis fttilcs ((,2).
cl) /.1er 1(,r't,,r i11lt1,lif<' <1r1.1. P,1/!Jf ll<!isl,!s. - .J11sc1t1'ici, les 11111st1l-
1111111iss 11'11,1 tli(11l 1l:1s clc ll,rz (~11x ~. Ils 11c 1><)ss,lnie11l 1,1,s cle
li<l1 <le <~ttlle 1,1t>J>1,~ t'l sl:11,le. ,\ )'<~l>()<ttte oi1 ils tnic11l t>Cll 110111-
l,1('ttx, c'('Sl-i1-(li1c :111 ,1,~1>11I clc l':11,,,sl(>l111 titi 1i1ll,i11 et l11 111,>t1-
,c111l'11t 111,1s11l111:111 i11nl,e, ils c1111c11I s~111s (l<>t1lc s'n<ljl>11d1c 11t1x
jttifs et J>1ie1 11,,ec <~11x cl:111s lc111s s)'11ngtlgt1rs 111,~c<Jttc)iscs. f\t:1is
l'i1t1g111e11l11ti,l11 tic l:1 <~<>1111111111t1t1l ()<>sa 1a1>i<lc111c11l 1111 11011vcn11
1,1c>l,lt111e: l(s 111t1s11l111t111ist''s 111n1Jes fc,1111aie11l 111:1i11le11~111I 1111
t{t'<lt11>e l>ir.11 (lisli1111 <les
(IC'11x C.'<>1111111111n11t(,s <11t1:1i11:1 sil1ts n11c1111 <l(>t1le, (ltj:'1 t1vn11l lt1 lttitt~,
IC's <liffi<.11lls (Jtl<' 1t(111s n,011s \'t1es s'nccroit1c i1 l\'l<~<li11e. l\ll1s11l-
111:111s j11if~ cl 11111st1l111i111ist''s 111:1l><~s, 111nlg1 1c111 f<> itlc11lic111t~, se
s111>P<>1lt1ie11t 111:11. l.1<'s 111,1~ttlr11i111iss nl>1111tlc>1111i1e11l ln S)'l1t1g<lg11c
tltl J(s 11111s11l111:111s j11ifs 1>1inic11l e11 )1J,1c>tt, cl cl1l\tcl11c11t 1111 Jic11
<le t11IIC' <li1 ils ,,,,1111:1ic11I ,,,ir, le J)l'tt (l'Js1:1i;I c,11 r111\l>c. C'(sl
nl<1s <ftt< 11n,1t1il 1:, ll~gC'ittlc <l'Al11nl1n111 co11sl111ctc111 (le ln J{n'Lo,
lt~~C'll<le <1>111 11,,11c:; 11, l1(lt1vc>11s :111c1111e t1tlt't"' nvn11t les Actes c1c
l'lslnttl Pl (fil(> IIC)tlS tl\'(lllS (C)llll 11,iso11 (I(! llCllSC)" <111'clle f11t i11ve11-
11
lt\c ,le l(>t1lrs 1,ii<.ts 1>:11 le 1nl,l,i11 n,,n11t ln Fttilc. c:0111111e les lexies
11t>t1s le 1,ilc11l, cc fttl tclle <l(<111>11l(lll <le ln l{n'l,n. C<>11tre clcs
iclol<s, 1>n1 lt's 11111st1l1111111isrs n1nll<'S, qt t i sot11e,'n C(l11lre ces ,ler-
11i<'1s l<'s i11fi,1iI~~ 4Jr l ... 1, l\lct<111('. ~1nis la Fttile 11c <l<>t111oil nt1ct111e
sclllt((lll O C'C J)l'Clll](\IJlC cltt rlc11111)c SllS(ep(l>)f" <]'t1)>1iter (es /\ 11tl>CS
j11(l:1s~. 1.. n S(llttlic,,, cr11i s'i1111><>Hnil .. ln sc111c sc,l11lio11 vnli,1,lc tl
SIISC('Jl(l>le 41r ,1,,,111('1 n l'lslntll 111rtl>e sn PJ'(l))l"(~ 1>l1ysio11()lllC cl
~n ,tlt111>l{\((' :,111,,11011,i<', <~l:1it li, 1cc<l11,1t1te ,te, J..,:1 l\lccr111c cl la
t,,11,,,,si,111 (1, l:1 1{111,n <11 siigc' <'t1ll11C'I ,lrs 11111sl1l111n11is<'s. )..,es
,p<'r~cls 1-IG tlt );1 s<t11:1lt IX 11c11s <'<11fi1111l'11I <cllc 1ccc>11<111lc <le
(62) Sottt. IX, 1:1-tfi.

LA GUERRE MEDINOISE- 229

IJn Mecc111e el les versets 17-22 comp)le11l le tableatt 1>ar l'expltl-

sio11 <les i<lc>llres, de la l{a'bn, rse1ve dsormais aux set1ls A1a-
l,cs j11,lniss ; les essocialet1rs, }lttisr1u'ils font profession d'infi<l-
lil, 11'0111<lnl plt1s accs lo Mosr1ue Sac1e de La Mecc1t1c, 1'1os-
(Jtlc <la11s laquelle n'ent1<!tonl 1>lus qt1e les A1"11bes <Jtti 011t rcconn11
c<>111111e set1I vrai Dieu, se11l Dieu vivant, se11l Dieu Tol1l-P11issa11l,
le J)ie11 <l'Isral (63).
Se11ls scrvi1<lnl (?) Io l\fosc1t1c <le Y 0)1\\' ceux q11i c1oie11t en
'\'nl1,v~ cl ,,11 l)cr11ic1 ,Jo111, q11i nccc1m1>lissent Ja Prire, clon11e11t
l'l1t1111(>11c et 11e c1aig11enl ,111e Ynl1,v (-1). Pet1l-t1e cettx-ln se1c>t1l-
ils 1>n1111i cct1x se l1ot1vo11t <ln11s la J,01111c cli1ection ? > Nagt11e,
<1111111<1 l11 l{n'l>o abritait lotis vos cnill<>ttx, il tait normnl <Jtte les
i,1<lll,cs nsst11c11I la cl1n1ge <l'n1>1e11vc1 Jes Ple1i11s > et nss11re11t
le !icrvice <le ce l<1111l.le. Cette pri<>cle est rvoltte. Volrr pn11ll1on
i11f(>1111e n ,ctrottv sa <lcslinnlio11 1>1i111ilivc; c'est 110111 I'odornli,>11
le ''nl1,, <Jt1'Al>11ll1n111 n,,nil for1<l ln l{a'l>n. Le service rlc ce lc111-
t>le, 1c,levr.11t1 l\los<111c! Sn crl~e, 1cvie11l (1onc il ccttx c111i c1oie1ll l'lt
\':111,,'(! ('I 1111 f)('111ic1 .T<,11 1, cl <111i co1111>nllc11t (ln11s le cl1C'111in (lt'
\'11l,,,,l~. A. <l1nc1111 sc,11 lc,11 r, Il 11'y n Jltts galit c11lre C1clya11ls cl
l11fi(l(l<~S (65).
28. () vot1s c111i c1,1~ ez ! les i11ri<lles ne sont qt1'i111J>t1ret (fl).

1
(~t1'ils n'n111)10(~)1<nl <lo11c l)<lint ,le ln l\l osqt1e Sacre a1>1s

ls1 1>1se11lc 01111c (67). Si votts crnigncz 1111e J>~nt11ic,
((i:l) //,i,I., 17. < Tl 11'csl ,,oint l:1iss :111,c n~~<lcinlet11~ clc scr\i, ln f\f<l .c;.
Cflll'C tif ,:,fl\V, IOtll <'11 r:1!-:lnl, J)Olll" <'C Cttti I<'~ fo11r}1(', profession fl'i11(}.
rli'lilc'. (l11(: ,alin<s soic11l IC's nclio11s rie ccs !f~ns ! llnns le 1.-~u. ils ~e1<11f
i111111c,1t<ls >.
(fi-() (:e \'('l"Se( tr~lllllC IIIIC rois <le pltlS les qt1n)ils fC(]lllSCS (l(lUt' ftrr!
1l11s~{ 1>:111,1i ls ,1il:,1,1~s <1o~tl11ts. 1. A, oi1 rrti en Ynl,,vC:-, l>iet1 (l'ls1:1iil,
1
l>i,!tl ll1ti<111c ri Tol1l-l>l1iss:1r1I: 2. C1oi1c- :1 ltt 1st1r1cclion <'l h ln 1-t1il,,11i,>1l

<'l<11111I~; :t. Ac-complir ln 1>1i 1c (le rnl>l>in n co1111>os l11i-1nme ln p1i~r<'
0
c111c ,loit r(,rilcr tot1I or:tl>(' co11,erli at1 jt1lns1nc. ,oir Il. ZAKAnlAS, O/>. cil.,
l. If.,,. i8); 4. F11irc l 1 nt1111(>nC' ; vc,ir cl1ns celle 1nr11e sournte IX, les v. 5-11.
((if,) S(tt11. IX. 19. Nnlt11t~llrn1r11t, ln t11,<lilior1 q11i f11it <le l'o11clc ,Ir!
1\lc,l11lt1111,c<I, ,,J.'All1n.c;, Ir. lc11:,,1ricr cl,, rcslnt1r,,1,t clc ln Kn'J,n, n,,nnt 1a l;-ttilc
cl n1,r~ ln 1rprisr. r1r t . . n t\lf'<'Qtle, n'est q11c p111c ima,:JinAlion.
(fili) (~',,si 1,, <lo<'l1i11c C',CJl<>sc pA1lot1I <ln11~ l'A.T. Il n'~, n qt1 1 1tn 1><'11111<'
c111i casl 1>111, ~:'est le 1<~1111I<~ cl'lsrnl. 101rs ll"s a,111es pc11plcs qtti 11e 1tcrJ11-
11nis~r11I 1>;1!i le l)ir11 (tts1:,l, ~ont (les pc111>lcs sottills. Je st1is l>ien tonn-
c111c (c1l,lzi<l1(-1 rcl,c i1nnls l'Cln,l11it interclirc tout contart n,c~
,,,,x ~. ,,,i, <:,,,,,n:
ll1.Ar.11t11R, /,e t. Ill, t>- 1082, nnn. 28, q11i njo11te : c 11 rn,,t
l<>11trc,is 11,1>1>tlcr c11t(' 1,, 111(11,c i11l~1clirlio11 lnit pro1>1e nltX Snn1nriloi11s >.
(!<,111111-~1,,,1~ <rs 1c111nr,111cs cr, ~011li~11nr1t q11r les Jt1irs, les sc11ls nt1ll1entic111~~
111t1s11lr11a11s, r1'011l j:1,11nis ll<'tts clifTirc1111ncnt.
(fi7) I,<' r,1lllti11 J;1tss<' 011,c i,l1>f:ilt<'~ ,1,1 <'<'toi,, lrn1p~ po11r llc111f,lcr 1<111~
i1fT:1i1cs 111:-ili,irllf"s n 111 l{:l'l>:t . A c111cllc ,lr,lc so1,1111esno11s ? 1~11 020, 6:i<) 7
Il tst i1111,t>ssil,lc clc le pr(iser .
230 L ISl.,A1'1 ARADE EN MARCJIE - LA GUERRE
snchez qttc Yn11,v vo11s (lo11nern le s11fTisa11t (68) s11r Sa

fnve111, s'il Je vettl I Ynl1,v conr1nl to11t et Il est sage.
I.. n r111eslio11 csl (lso1111nis 1glc. J. .cs n1t1st1l111a11iss rc11tre11t

en 1,c>sscssic,11 ,le ln 1\[(JS((tte Snc1e, (ftt'i]s croie11t, <l'ap1s ]es l1is-
l(>ircs Je 1of>lli11, nvc,it l bfilic 1>n1 Al>1al1a111 e11
qt1c Jct11 1i1cc,11I(~
l'l1on11e11r titi rl'1fs-Iln11l.. l..,c l>tll fi11nl esl allci11I. Le 1>10J1ln1e 01alJc
est r~gl. l..,'Jsln111 11111l>c n so11 cl1ef, \tn A1nl>c. Il n s,,11 liv1e, 1111 livre
n1al,c. Il a son liett <le ct1lle, la l{n'ba (le La l\1ecc1ue. Vien<lra l>ien-
lc>l ttn jot11, c>i1 l~s 11111st1l111n11iss ot1l,l in11l volc>11tnire1nc11t let11s
01igi11es (el 1>et1l-<'it1c 111111c 1e1lclt1sss }lot les .J ttifs) se p1senlc-
1(111l co111111c 1cligi(l11 11c,t1vc~llc, 1cligio11 1vlc 1n1 Diett nt1x A1a-
l,cs t Notts nssislc111s, e11 lisn11l lotit sin11lle111e11t les sot11ntes (le
l\lcli11c, 1,. l)l lce, (IRI\S le lll())l(le 111,Jitc11011en, tlc la ()ltts
1
g1n11<le csc1c><Jt1r1ic 1t,ligie11sc Cftte le 111011,lc nit j11111ais co1111t1e.
((;8) J,r (>111111,i-,c :11li1,i11I t, 1:, f{:1'f>:1 . cc,ttl fl<1 l:-111l s111 lc>tll 1:, (11:-11~(' tl(~
~11l,,t11i1 : 1:, s11l1si"l:1111(' cl,s 11t'!lr1i11s. :,ll:1il 111:,i11lc11:111I 1>nss<-1 cl(~ i11fl,llcs
;111x. 111ni11s tl<s (:1<1~:11,ls. I.<' 1:1l>l1itt rc<t1111111011<1c h <.'<'S <lcr11ic1s (le 111ctt1c
lo11lc lrur ro11fl:l11< 0
(' (11 Y:\.l1,,.
6. - LA llATAILLE D'IIONAIN (60).
C.ctle re11co11lre ~nlre les 1n11st1l111a11iss cle Lo Mecc1ue cl les

lnfi(llcs est 111enlio1111e ex11licilc1nent, comme la hateille cle lln<l1,
cln11s les ..r1clcs ,le l'lsla111. Ilonnn est une oasis situe at1 stt1e ; n1r,is, s1111lris pnr l'troitesse <le ln
J"<>tll(~, ils 11c 1>t11e11l <lplo)'e1 lct11s forces et totirn1e11l la <los
l'c1111c111i : 1
25. Y11l1,v V<>tts n cc1lcs sec<,111t1s e11 111ni11lcs ci1co11stn11ces cl1f1-

111nlifJt1es, ni11si Cftt' la jo11111e <l'II011ai11, qt1011<l, griss 1>n1
V<>l1e 11<>111l>1e,.cc'lt1i-ci ne votts sc1vil rie11 (qt1n11cl) ln lc11c
c11 ,l1,it <le s011 ll~11cltte, V<>tts 1>a111l l101> troite el qt1e v<>tts
tc,11111l les le (los (70).
''r1l1,v vcillnil st11 vot1s. C'est alo1s, e11 rffcl,

lll~t11C't1sc111(1tl,
f(trc s<'lo11 st1 111ll1t>,lc, il fil sc11li1 sn 1>1scnce (71) sttr Son 1111-
l1t' cl l('S C1<>yn11ls. Il lct11 e11voyil <les lgio11s i11visibles et l'nve11-
l111c l<>11111n e11 fnve111 <les C1oyanls qtti c1asrenl le grotlJlC clc
ll<l<>tr i 11s (72).
(fi!)) l.rs 1rncliti,1,111:1Jlslrs pln(cr1t rclf( 1rt1for1lr<- :l la fl11 ,te .Jnn,ir1

fi:lft, c1t1tl<1t1cs jo111s .11>1s J,1 1c1111c clcs 111t1s11l111nniss n J..,n 1'1 c<c111c.
(74)) ll,i,I., 25.
(71) S:1 Jlt~cr1l(! : s:1lci1111. No11s l 1otJ\011s :\ 111ninlcs rc1,1lsls ct,,11s Jrs
~,1t11:-1l<'S 1,1c.'1li11oiscs, t:<'llc ex1,1cssi(ln laf1>1'it<Jtl<', voir sot1r. JI, 240. < l .. ':\r-
1,c <l':1llin11,e rc,i(t1cl1n n V<lt1s, 1>01tc Jln1 les n1,ges, C'onf cnnnt 1111<' ,,rr-
s,,,,.,! cliritte (,,<'1111c) <le V<ll1c Sci~11<'t1r > ; Xl.,V(I[, 4 : c C'est l.,t1i c111i n
fi1it fll~~ct,1<l1c Ji, 1,r~.-.e11r.c ,li1i11e ,tnns le C'<cttr llC"s C1oyants > ; ibi,I., 18 :
Il 11 f:1il ,1,~s,en<l1c ~111 c11x l:1 1>1sc11r.e cliui11c >, ibid., 20 : c Ynl1,, fit
,1,sc-t11(l1" si, 1,1;sr1,,e di1,i11e sur S1l11 npl,r- ni11si qt1c st11 les Cro)n11ls :,,
Sf>t11~. IX. 2fi {(il <l,,ns not,c rr,li1ttion) ; il,icl., 40 : c YnJ1,, fit flcsre111l1t!
s111 l11i (~lol1n111111ccl) S:1 ,,,,,;sc11ce ,ii1ine >.
(72) ll1,Ac11n1,e, /,.,e. Prol,lr.11,e, Jl.1 12(), (111i 1l-~t1111e J>nrf nilerncnl l,ien lotit es
lts fil11t,,isit!s l111,lilio1111nlistcs q11 nl1t11n llo<'t11nenl 11'a1>11ttic, njo11lc c1t1c rts
ll{?tl(tllftS cl'll,)ll:lll r,,isniC'nl llnrtir cl~ la l1il,11 <le~ Iln,vnzi11 ! Ces <lc111C'l'S,
,1:111~ lrt1r r,1il<', nl,n11,l,>11n,r111 pl11sir111s 111illicrs rie prisonnir-rs <'l prr~-
<111t 1,,t1s 1<111~ t10111)(n11:-t rl s! 1rf11gi1cr1t ,ln11s Tnf , Nn11s so1nmr~ ,1:11,s
1,~ ,,,11 1,,1111111. Si rcs Jl,lc,11i11s fo11111lic11t 11,1c i1r1nc ,le J>lusic11rs 111illir1s,
:111xc111tls il f11t1I njotlll'I. les l,{11l'l' l'l('ls (Jtti s'r.11f11i1c11t cln11s 1'nr, il fntltlrnit COll
,f111, (11 11c,11~ nflJJttys111l ~ IX, 25 c111c lc-s 11111s11l1nn11iss <le l .. n ?rlccc111c l11i<r1I
c111,,r, l>c.n11,(>111, ,,11,s 11<,1,,l,1c11x l ! 1 J>,1r nillc111s, 11011~ snvo11s qt1c (ln11s IC'~
cc,111l,:1ls c,,11l1c ll':c; 11,n<lfr~, 011 11r. fitif pn~ (l<' pri~o1111ir.1s. 011 cxtr1111i11(
(,t1i1 ,,111~ 11n11I, J>. l!it)); il 1>=:,i l cl(n<.' i11v1nis<11l,lol,lc ,lr P<'nsc, c1t1'n llo11:1r1
Jc,s 111ttsttl111,,11iss nic11t J>tt1H11 1>lusict1rs 111illie1s (le Ddouins 1

7. - ENUl\fft,\11<>N l>ES l~NNI~"' 1s or~ 1.. 'lsr.. Ar-1.
n) l"es iclol,it1es. -- Les 111c111ie1s c1111e111is <le l'Isla111 - jttif et

nrnl>e - s0111 111<111i1c1nc11l cl esse11lielle111e11l les infi<lles (73),
les i<lolt1es, r11 1111 111ol ce11x c1t1i ne c1oienl 1>ns a11 Diet1 U11i<1ue
q11i s'est 1vl i-tose s\11 le l\lo11t Si11ai :

2~). C<,1111>~\llcz l'Ct1x ,111i 11e c1()ie11l y,n~ c11 YE1l1,,,, 11i n11 Dc111ic1
.T<>t11, c1,1i 11c (l(~clt11e11l Jlas illicite ce <1t1c Y:,11,v el S011
A1>>l1e (>11t ,lrcln1 illici.lc ; <~e11x CJt1i 11c 1>1alic111e11l ()oi11t lu
rcligi,111 ,le V1il~, 1)nr111i cct1x ayn11l 1ett l'Ec1ilt11c', C.0111-
l>alll'Z-lcs j11s,111'n l'e <111'ils i,ie11l 1>y lt1 taxe, tli1ecte111c11l (?)
et n1<,1s 11 t1'ils S<>c11l l1t1111ilis (7,1).
Cc t,xlc ,x(f11l C'X]llitilr111<1,t (lc>s c1111e111is ,le l'lsli1111, les Juifs.

f.elle <'Xltgi's<' 1,:111,il 1,,111<' si1111>fc C'l ("CJ1c11,ln1,I, l'1111e fnc,11 g11-
1alr, les l"<>111111<,11l;1((\111s 11',,11t 1)ns s11 <lg:tgP.1 celte i<lc f()lt<lt1-
1,1e11l:1lt!. ncJi~<>llS IC' lexie: (:()1111>:tfl<~Z CCllX flll llC Cl'<)e11l JlllS Cil
,~,,11,,, 11i la lls1111c(lio11. Il 11e s'ngit pnt const~c111cnt 1>ns tics
.f11ir~. le~ 1>1c111it1s <ftt1,osit11i1cs <le ln 11c11s~e <le '\'nl1\\' cl l<'s 1>1c-
111ic1s ol>scrv~1lr111s <le~ c,,1,1111:111(le111cr1ls <le llic11 1>101nt1lg,1s pnr
l\fc,i:;<! ; .lttil"s <fll<' l:1 fl<11sic le l'ntt-flellt 11 J1i111lt~s <le1,11i~ (les si-
cles, cl <ft1i s'est '11fi11 <.ln,ific n lt1 l11111ire clcs 111et1vcs <1e l'exil.
Cc,1x <111i 11c c1f>i<,11I ,,ns c11 1";1l1,, , 11i nt1 l)e111ie1 .Jot11. c(~ nr. sont
1
fl(>fl<" 1111s les i11irs - - <"t sc1nil <<,1111>llcr11c11l nl,s,11<lc (le Je pe11scr
-- 11111is les i11riflilc.s. <:es i11fi<ll<~s <lsig11n11I ici les i<l<lltres a1a-
l,cs fftti ,ivc11I 1>:11111i crt1x 11~;1111 1et1 l' Ec1it,11e c'c~st-o-(li1c 1rs
n1n 1) es 11111st II 1,1 ~l 11 is rs, 111 ,1 is s:t 11s 1> 1n t i CJ tl e 1 ce 1,e11 <1,111 l In 1e li gio11
<1e , r 1 i t .
(:<1111ll11llrz-l s, (ces (l<>lltr.s a1nl>es) jt1s,1t1' cc <ftt'ils Jloie11t
1
l:1 l:!Xl' cl :,l,,1s, 111'ils scli<11I l1t1111ilis (7fl). 'l'<>ttl celn, f1n11s 1111c
f>t>lili<Jtlc 1,,IJl,i11i1ltr, ~st 11n1f,1ilc111e11l c l i,i, cl lc,gic1t1e, cl 111nlg1
ftt111,~ 111c,,1 nllr11lic,11, je 11':111i,<' 1>as co1111>1(l,1(11( Cftle les l'Ot11111e11-
lnlc111s e11 soic11t n11i,,~s it l>1'(>t1illc1 co1nJllte111enl t111c silt1nlion
<Jl1'1111c le<lt11c :1lt{11ti,,e 11011s 1vle ce11e11<ln11l si clnirc : A
11,,lt'1 , 11011s clisr11l-ils, CJtle le 111se11t trxlc 11'lal>lil l)tls ,le ,lis..
<1i111i11nl()ll ('t1l1c 1ts l<lc,1:ilrt's cl les ~lo11(lll1istes , 1 I>n1cillc
(7:l) ()11 11~ l1n11<' JJ:1s Ir~ 1,,111<.s fils, 111:11,l1c- 'Il n,n11f ,t'lstn<il: ,oir p. ('JC.
1 Sn11tlttI, X\'. :l : ~ :\i11si lil ''11l1,,C: S:tlt:t<>l ..J ni 1(~s<,lt1 ,le 11111i1
1
,.<' qt1'A11,a-
lcc1 ,1 f:1il :, ls1:1i;I. 4.11 ltti t,111>:1111 l:1 1c>t1lt c~11:111tl il 111,l11l:1it l'Eg~11I<~. 1tl;1i11-
l"11anl, ,n, ftr11>1,r' .l\,11:,l,<1. ,<>11<-1<' :"t l'n11:1ll1-11,c a,cc 10111 c,~ qt1'il 1,,,ss,lf'.
~()iS s:tllS ltlit ,,,,111 ltl, ltlt' l1t>lllllll'S tI rc11111t('S, (11r;111ls ('l ll(lllt1l~son5,
l><('ttfs ri l1rtf,ic;. ,l1:,111tn,1x ,,1 n1l('S :) ; cl~ ....
(i-1) S,t11. IX, 2!J.
( 75) / bi,t.
,
LA GUERRE MEDINOISE 233
re111n1<111e, co111111e tant d'at1lres <le ce calib1c-l est co1n1>lte111ent
1
nl1t11issa11le, tant (lonn prcis111e11t q11e ce texte figure ici pot1r

f ni1e la <lisc1iminalion entre les idold Ires qt1i ne flraliqu_ent pas la
rcligi<>11 <le ''rit, et ceux c111i croient en Yal1,v1 c'est--dire att
Diet1 U11ic111e, au Dieu <l,Isrol. On ~e pc11t dsigner autre1ne11t
el J>ltrs clni1e111cnl les n1onotl1istes - opposs ici aux PolytJ,is-
tes. Les commentotet1rs partis st1r 11n fat1x aiguillage conti1111e11l
f,l1c111c11l <l1nillc1. Cc 1nanfJt1e <le disc1i111inalion entre 111ono
ll1istes et 11olyll1isles 1>c1111el 1>et1t-tre, disent-ils, c cl,expliqttcr
les <live1gc11ces <les coles jt1ri<lic111cs pour ce qui to11cl1e la pe1-
cc1>f ic>11 tic l<t jizya (= taxe) c ()11 sait, en effet >, coulez bic11
<0111111e11l on 011ive l'al>s111<le, fille celle taxe ne pe11t, dn11s la
111(~<>1ic g111i1le, lr<~ 1>aye q11e par les D/1in11ni vainct1s, c'csl-n-
(li1e 1cs J11ifs el les Cll1lie11s, la11clis c111e les ltlolt1es n'<>nt le cl1(lX
,111'C'11t1c Ill co11ve1si(,11 t', l' Isla111, );1 111011 011 l'esclnvogc > (7G). ()11
f 1c>t1v<r11it lo11t celn <l1111s les Arlc., ,le l'I.~lam ! Tc>ttlc ln l1o<lilic)11
11'csl [11'1111 11111c,11cl~llc111C'11l c111y11oll1ses. J..,a cnravanc J>ornll 111n1-
(~l,e1 i1 J>ns 1lss111s, 1nais c11e est conclttite par un ne 1 (77>, el re1,osc
sttt 1111c fn11ssc i11tc1111lnlion 01igi11elle.
) .. es i<l<>lltcs co11slil11cnt 1>n1 consc111enl la premi1e cnlgotic
clc ~C'11s il co111l>nlt1e.
l~I ,oi{~i <JllC lc,111 <:<11 11>, C<>111111e l1\11s 1111 cl1oc s111,it, que rie11
le litissnil p1voi1, le 1nl1bi11 njot1le1ait :
ilt). 11) l..,t'R .J11ifs ,lit : Uzar est fils (le Yal1w > .
011l
I>) Les Cl11tic11s 0111 (lit : J.,c Messie est le Fils <le Ye11w , .
'l~el est ce <1 t1'ils (lisent, <le leul' hot1cl1e. 1/,'; in1ite11t l'e <lire
,Je cet1x (Jtli f111e11t i11fi<lles nnl1ieure111enl. Q11e Yol1w les
lt1c t C<>111l,i<!n ils s'cartent (<le la vraie religio11) (78).
1,) l~r.e; c/11ti,~11.4. - No11~ nvo11s <1j pn1l ,le ce texte dnn~
11ol1e 1011,c Ill, h ln fi11 ,111 c11a1>itre sttr l'altit11rle du rnbbin c11vers
l<s .J11ifs ri les cl11lic11s. Notas re111n1qt1ions q11e son attilt1<Je e11vr1s
l<'s cl11~lic11s 11'0 1cllcn1ent jn1nnis va1i : il fattl les coml,otlre
<~<1111111e l(!S i<lollres. P<1t1r ex11rir11er celle pe11se, le rnllbin en111loie
1<' 11101 qat,,/, qt1i est l1l>te11. G. de Nantes, dans une so1ide lt1cle
111~ ll(llls ~igr1nlions 0l01s, intil11lc c l'Islom religion marginale ,
1111l>li~c ,li111s l'(lnnnE Fn ,\NAIS (12, 111e Cl1al>anais, Paris II; noi1l,
11,1v., ,lc. 1!l(\1 ; 111nrs, nv1il, sept. 1902), a fnit 11nc mise ntt point
li11gt1isti11t1e el p1011os 1111e (1aclt1clion not1velle clc Jn fin de ce vl.
(7fi) 1,1.A(:1,l'!nR, l~e. .,>rn11, 1. Ill. 11. 1083, note 29.

(77) If. ZAKAfilAS. OJ>. cil., t. 1, p. 150.
(78) Sot1r. IX, 30.

231 1. . '1s1.,\~I ARABI~ EN 1'1AI\C.IIE - LA GUEl\1\6

;~(t. "Jc,ttl le 111>11tle s:1it ~, llit (~. (le Nnnles, ce c1t1e vcttl tlirc
qat,rl : ll1c1, c11 lt1t1l>c c(1111111e en 11l,1e11. A la troisi111e for1ne cl1rac-
lt'1isfe 1,i11 le ci )(111g, il sig11ifi(! 1111c nclio11 d(llll le l>tll est le lt1e1.
t>,1111 l'ex1>licttli<>11 <le ce sc11s fi11:1l, nvC'c 1111e (lc lle 1ivalit, prci-
:-;('111c11I, lit g1n111111:1i1c (le )li~1ic1 tlllt111c co1n111c cxe1111>le : qlala,
(,,,,,,i,
,.,,,1,1,,,t l1,! l, l>11l cl< trre,) 1> A 1011g 011 cr )l1cr, il s'11git lot1-
j,,11,s tic t,1c1, s(1it ,l:111s l~ncli>11 111111e, s<>il - c,1111111e ,ln11s 11011<:
:-;{tt11nlt! -- cla11s lit fi11 1ctl1crll1c. l~l Ji, Jl1c11ve c11 est <111c les l1n-
,1,1clct11s (ltt t:,,1n11 c1111>loic11t i11(lif1c111111ent l'11ne 011 l'aut1e
sig11ifit.11li,11 : IJl:1c)11c, 111i 1e1>1c11<l l\tlo11lel tl'1tV(>i1 t111<l11it lrrcz>
:,tt ,,. 2!J et 1>1f>1e ("c>111[,crllcz , l1ntlt1it n11 v. 30 Qr1'Alla/1 les
l11c >, l oia ~lf,11tcl il s<>11 l<>t11 t>ltts 111<><l1 l11,cl11il Q1t'AIJ,,l, le,11
{,rsse la g11r.11r. > ; c1t1n11l i1 Pesle ,,t Titljn11i, ils 01,t pl11s tle (ltt<let11
c11corc, ils <lt1lt,,1c11l l,t le11ilJlc 1111t(,tlictio11 : llt,,l/1e11r etlx 1 >
... Q11n11l n11 ,c1scl 3fl, il sc111l,tc <Jtlc lotis 1es l1:1cl11clc111s nie11t
1<~1>l le 111111c (011l1e-sc11s J>t11 111011<111c ,le co1111>1l1cns<>t1 <lt1 le:<lc
('l ri1t1ll' (le g111111111,1i1t. Z:1l{111jns s'est fi i1 e11x, il a t!ll ))ic11 lo1t ;
111:,is ((lie <li1c <lt1 (> J,,1,1ic1 ,111i 1cf:1il ln fnt1le c11 <l(,1111nnl (le l1n11t
1111e leo11 (1P. g1n111111:1i1c n1:,l,c ? Q11',\/lal1 le.~ t,,c > 011 Q11'Alla/1
/,11r fasse la g,,,.,,r <r[;,, ,Ir le~ l11r1 ~, c'est l<>lll 1111. l\fnis q,ila-
/,1/11111111 > est 1111 1>:11f;1il ,le 1'i11,li(nlif, cl 11c111 1>:ls 1111 i1111>1t1lif ;
il ,ise 1,l11l',l 1111c :1cli<111 1,:,ssc\t, ri l< 1111i11<~. Il r:111,l1i1il, 11,c sc111l>le-
1
l-il, co1111>1<'11cl1l' 11i11si l<l11t cc lexie : Co1111,allr.z JJor,r lr..t t,,r.r

_;,,ifs el rl1r,~ti,11.. Il!\ ,,,1,,1,l<11l r,r r{f,~t le lct11ange ,le.~ i1111,ie~
,l.<111l1c(,>i~ <111'1111,,l, <r t,,,~. c111 ,, ,01111,,,11,,.~ afi11 ,le le.~ l11e1 >
,.,,,. ,r .o,rl ,/,).~ 111t~1,tr111.-. ! ,;- Et <'esl J,i()11 le fo111:111, f<'I les c1,1e 11<ltls les 1cslil11c ficl&lc111e11l 11.Z.,
Il 11'y n <'li tfl'tf nt1ct111c clifi(11lt~ cl :111s ]'i11tc11>1tnlion <ltt ~-
:~() I>. J.. c 1':l)>)lII :tll,1<111~ \'<llC'llltllClll )<'S t111rlCllS ((tll C)lll ()S tlitc
flllC .f(~s,,s, le l\[<'ssic', fils <IC' l\l,11ic. <'sl n11ssi le fils clc )'111,,,,. Ntll1S
,,>1111ais~o11s l'111i111,,silc~ ,1,, 1:1lll)i11 110111 <1C'II<~ ,loc-l1i11e cssc11licllc-
111()Jll <l11t~li,,1111C". ,\ srs )'Cttx, c'r!,l le 1>lt1s l~ll<>1111c J,lns1>11111e. El
<'<' l,Jns1,l1rrnc Ill' ("<l11slitt1<! 1,:1s ~.r,1lc11,c11l co111111c 1111 1>oi11I l1islo-
1i,111( lt1 11n~s ; ',,si 1111 J,l11s1>l1l,111c ,,i,,11111, 111i s~ 11e1Jll11e c~t se
1,1<,r1c, 11n1tclt1t <lit SC' l1c,,,,,(.'11I <l"s cl11tit'11~, h lt fn(e clr. l'l~fl'1-
11rl. Le- l'l11islin11is111t' 11'csl J>ns s<'11le111e11l 1111r. ~crl~ f)tl<' 1'011 ltt<lic
1 11 l,1 <011fi11a11I~ 1>n11, :1insi (li1e, ,ln11s t111 1ccoi11 inl<'llccltl<'I 11ot11 Ir,
,liss(!Cftt(\I' et l':111~,l~~r,. li ()St 1111~ vie. Sn ,loclti11e 111essin11i<111c

<l(tle1111i11c l l1(~Z s<'S :1(1c1>l<'s lts nc~lrs les Jllt1s Jlrofo11<l111e11l vili111x,
0
11111,lis <Jtt'ellc 1>1,.,. ,,,11< tl1t'7. ~C's n<l,,r1s:1i,rs lrs nllnq11es les 1>lt1s
lf'1111crs <'I lrs Jllt1s ,i(1J,,11l<~s. <.~t1n11,I il fJ1sc11I< lrs rl11flic11s ro111111c
lt~; c1111e111ic; cl11 111c111c>ll1~is111c 11,,,~fl,111c', le 1nl>l,i11 11.c 1tilr 1>n~
1111(~ Je~rlll tl'l1is((1t(' : il flr,-~n1c ):1 gtl~l't'C n tlrs ll'<'S ''\'OtllS, \'Vlllll
:111111rs ,le' l11i, n 1:, lll~lllC f'()O(IIIC, cl 11lnncl11s <l:111s I<'~ lctrcs le~
,,tt1~ l>i11l,1i11t~~. lt ri1t1t lc~s l:,>111l>,1lt1c jt1sc1t1'it cc lJtt'ils ,lis1>n1nissc11tl
LA GUERRE MDINOISB 236
1ls s' ca 1tc11t lellc111e11 t tl tt cl roi t c11e111in ! A p1s cela, on t1ot1vc
enco1c (le lo1nc11lablcs gens, <le J1nt1vres inlelleclttels (JUi se dise11t
1
C<>1,t11isn11ls 1>arce qt1 il~ connaisse11l l'arabe, c1ui affir111ent avec
1111v~t cl i,licllcn1ent q11c )'isla111 n1nl>e est tout procl1e dtt cl11is-
lin11is111c. I><>t11 r1>oncl1e n celte exgse insane, il suffit <le rop1le-
Je1 ln s<,11111le JX, !JO J, : Les C/11lie11s 01it ,lit : I .. e ltte.,.';ic r.,I
fil., ,le l'al,,,, >. Tel est ce q11'ils dise11l, ile ler,r bot1clie. Ils imilc11l
le ,li,c ,le cc,,x q11i {L1re11 l i11ficlles a1il1ieure1ne11I, q11e Yu/111, <t
l11s I Co111l,ien il.~ s'carle,,t ,le la Vrit ! ~ C'est encore nt1x
cl11tic11s ff lie se 1u1>1>(>1tcr1t les v. st1ivanls, 31-35 de cette 1111nc
s (111 r 11 l e I X : .
!JI. (l ..es (l11tie11s) ,>nl 11is lc111s <l<clc11rs et le111s lll(lJtl~s oi11si
Cf lie le l\1essie, fils <le Mutie, co111n1e Seignet1rs > e11 <lel1(ll's
<le '\r11l1,v, nlo1s fftl'ils avnie11t ret1 l'ordre de 11'a<lo1e1
(111'1111c (livi11it {J11 ic1t1c. Nt1llc <livi11il en <leho1s <l'elle 1
C<>111l.>ic11 elle est J>lt ts glo1ie11se Cfttc ce qu'ils Ltti associe11l 1

f .,c 1:1l>l>i11 11'ig1101e s(11c111c11l 1>0s c1t1e, 1>ot1r les cl1rtiens, ]es
:-.r1i11ls 11c s,>11t 1>ns tics <l ict1x. C'est tlessci11 qt1'il met <fans le
111111e soc, 1,t>t11 ai11si <li1e, ,Js11s cl les sni11ls, afin <1c J>crst1a(le1 les
A1nl)cs 11111st1l111n11iss - lc,lnlc111c1,t ig11nres c11 ces n1ali1~es - Cflle
ll~s cl1rlic11s (loi,e11t l1c 111is sttl le 1n111c }lln11 q11e les polyll1is-
lrs, cln11s la gtt<.'r1e <(lie les C1oynnts cloivcnt 1nencr co11l1e les
t'1111t'J11is <le Ynl1,v. E11 cff~t, avec le so111nte IX, no11s so1111nes pres-
q11c 1:, fir1 des Acte ... <le l'J./a,n, c11 111io(le (le rinstnl1atio11 <les
11111s11l111i111iss n J..,n Ml'C<Jtte. C'est ttne 1>riocfe de st1ccs pot11
l'isl:,111 n1nl,e ; il fnt1l c11 Jl1ofile1 et J>Ottsser jt1sq11'at1 bot1l la lttllc
tc)11l1t! lrs i11ri(lles, 1>n1111i lcsqt1els les cl11tiens sont les 1>lt1s <ln11-
l,!<'1<'11x, l<'s J>l11s te11t1ccs. Si on les Jnisse fni1e, ils lcin(lto11l Jn
J.,1111i1c (le Ynl1,v , nvcc cc que pr<>fre11t Ie11rs bo11cl1es (IX, 32).
I\l:1is i1 1,1{se11l q11c )'nl1,, n (lon11 la vicloi1e n son Aptre, 1101-
1<111 ,111 I .. ivte ,1~ I>i1eclior1 - c'est--ci ire ,l11 Coral>-, il f nul i1111>c>-
sr1 ln sct1lc Religio11 <le ''1-il >, le jt1clas111c, el faire dispn1nil1c
,l<.'\':111t elle lc>11le n11l1c 1-cl igi<>11, en (lJ>il <le l'nversion des Ass<1-
<inlc111s >. Cc>111111c11(1-(>n l1ie11 fo11lc la n1e11nce <le ce (lcr11ie1 111r111-
l,1c ,le ,,11,nse, cita v. 33, sot1 r . IX ? Po11r l'n11tct1r <les Actes <le l'I.')/<1111,
il 11'y n cr11'1111 Diet1, Ynl,,,,. II,1,s (le Lt1i, nt1ct1ne ,livinit l C'esl le
<.~ri ,les .J11ifs <l<>1111is ln 1vlt1lio11 (Ill Si11ni. J_.,e cle11trono1ne est 1~
<1111111 le 11l11s ~1a11,li,1sc c1t1'11n tre l1111nain nit jnmnis comp~s e,,
1, 11( ) 1) 11 (' 111 ( 1l 1 111 0 110 l 11 is 1 1C. sO 1l n t 11C t I r n 11o l I V les Il l l 1s J) e 11 Cs
rc,111111lcs, les pl11s concises, po11r pincer at1-(less11s <les n1011dcs ,111
lfr1i,111c C.1(\nle111, ~c111ln11t ninsi les i<lolcs q11i, par le11r 1nt1lliplicjl,
,1l>s(t11cissi1ic11t lt1 p111et (le l'ttnittti~st111ce, 1cn<lnic1il nJ,solt1111<.'11t i11ex1>lical>le la 11ossibi-

lit 111111c (l'1111e l'1inli<>11 : Snc:Jc-le (l<>11c nt1jot1r<l'l111i et 1n<lile-
lc <l1111s tc,11 c<c11r : c'est \'~111,, <ftti est Oiet1 Jn-l1n11t lla11s le ciel,
,0111111e ici-bos sttt 111 le11e, l11i (~l 11t1I t111lre > (l)et1l. IV, 39). c 'fta
11'nt11os J>ns l't1l1t1es clie11x <Jttt' 111oi, (ll)i(I. V, 7). Ecot1le, Is1nl :
\"nl1,, 11ol1e l)ittt est le se,,l Ynl1,, > (ll>itl. , 1 1, .tJ). Ne sttivez 1>0s
l'11t1l1cs clic11x, l"lt1 c'est. 1111 J)ie11 jnlot1x qtte , -011w, Yol1,v to11
l)ic11 <ttti 1(;si<lc 1111 111ilie11 cle l<li , (lbi,I. VI, 1 1-15). Sottviens-loi
1
,le Yl1l1,v 1011 l)iet1; cc~l I .. t1i <Jtli l'a d<>1111 cette fo1ce, q11i l'a 1>ro-
<111 ce 1>,,,,,,,,i1, g~1,<lt111t ni11si, c1111111e Rl1jo111,l'l111i, l'nllnncc j111e
it ll!S J>1es. (:erles, si ltl 0111,Jies "\"nla,v l(>ll l)ict1, si lt1 s11is <l'nt1l1es
liettx, si lt1 les scrs l~l le 111<>~lt'111es (levnnt et1x, j'e11 ln1oig11c
11t1jol11<l'l111i cl,11l1c , c>lts, il V()llS f11t1<l1n 1>ri1 ~ (11,i<I. ''III, 18-20).
flc>t11 cn11,cl1ist1 ll'S 1n1>1,<>1ls i11li111es e11l1e le 'l,<>ttl-ll11issa11t et
l'II0111111e, sa c1nlt11c, l\lc,sci, t1,,t1v 11n 111ot ext1ao1<li11nire : 11ot1c
J)ie\1 est 1111 I>it11 jnlo11x. l..,11 j1,l<>t1sie est ce sc11ti111enl c111i cc>lle
J>>11r ni11si <lirc l'1,i111n11l i, l't1i111<~, <J11i n'ncl111cl a11ct1n 1>arloge,
,,11c11ne cc>n1111<>111issic>11. Ynl1,, 11011s 11 lotit <l<>t111, <Jtlott(I il lltlUs
i1 t1s. Il fatal, J>l>tsr rtJ<)11,J1c i, sc,11 n111ottr, Cille la c1nlt11c lui
101111(' l<,ttl : '111 11i111etAs \n11,,, (le lt>tll lo11 c<ct11, (le l<>t1le lc>tl
111e el (le lf>ttl 1<>11 1><>t1voir (ll>i<I. VI, 5). l)ie11 11011s ai111e <le jal<>tt-
sie ! .J111n,1is i1t1t~t111 l111111ni11 11'nvt1il Cll Iln1cillc 1>e11sc. Jn111nis
l1t>111111e 11'ov11il e11tt)1<~ co11\t1 c111c le C1nlet11 ,lsitnit lellc111enl
1
l'11ttncl1e111e11l (le s:1 t1t'nlt11e, 'I t1 il c11 lail jal<>ttx. Die11 esl jnlottx
<les l1ntle111c11ls <le 11f>l1e ct11 1 Il 11e J>e11t exister 011c1111c fuil,lesse,
;111ct111 co1111>1c>111is, <lltts les 1n111><>1ts c11l1e l)ie11 el l'l10111111c. Il 11')"
n11rn }>Os 11011 1>l11s <IC' ,Ji,,,>tce. (:'est 1111c so1t1li<>r1 1101> facile q11e
<le 'lltiller r~ltti <Jlli ll(ltls 11 ,l,l1111 lotit so11 01110111 cl c1t1i, jt1s\e
litre, exige I<~ 11i',t1(~. l)<'tl 11c tli,,<11ce 1,r1s. Si <>Il J,1ise l<~s lie11s cle
1111(11,e c111'il a tnl>lis 1>n1 s<>ll 11ctc c1nlet11, il ltte1a : Yol,w est 1111
l>ic11 j11l<,11x. Si <lll ltti 111n11(Jt1c clc ficllil, il i1n j11sc111'tlt1 c.1i111e ;
il s11111,1i111~1n, ile s:1 111ni11 ,e11g,,1csse, <~c q11'il nvt1it c1 1>0111 J... tti.
l>111oll!i <I<~ Ynl1,,c,', :', Stll,111011 : Si ''<>tl~ 111't1l,n11<lcl1111cz, ,~011s et
,c,s fils, si ,,o,1s 11'<,l,sc1vez J>ns les c<J11111111rt<lc111c11ls cl les l(>is <[ttc
.il ,<>tls ni 111<>1><Jst~s, si V<>11s 11llez se1,,i1 cl'atilres <liet1x et Je111 1e11-
l1e l1011111111gt', atl(>ts je 1cl1n11cl1c1ni Is1al titi JlnJs c111e je l11i a,i
(lflllll ; (lll r1r1111>l< (fllC j'tti C()IISn(~l 111011 N,1111, je le 1ejellerni <le
1
111a 1>1se11ce, rl lsrnl seia ln fnllle el la 1ise <le to11s les pc111>les.
(:c "re1111>le sttl>li111c, tous ce11x ,111i le l011geronl se1011t st111>ft1its ;
ils sifle1011t ('l cli1cl11I : Po111,111oi Ynl1,,, n-1-il fnit CC'ln h ce 1>n)'S
,t n lc Tc1111>lc ? :. cI 1'011 11><lll(l1n : Pn1ce <111'ils ()l)l Ol)Oll(l{)llll
,:,11,,e <111i o fnit s,1li1 lr111s J>1cs cl11 Jlnys <l'EgyJ>lc, c111'ils se sont
,1tl11cl1l's n <l'1111l1C's clict1x el <ftt'ils Jc111 c>nl re11<1lt l10111111nge el
t1111~, ,<,il 1><>t11<111cli '\"n11,, lct11 n c11voy ces 111a11x (1 nuis, IX,
f i-!l).

LA GUERRE MEDINOISB ~7
Si le Det1lrono111c est 1111 l1y111ne <le gloi1e en l,l1011neur <le
Y111\\', (l11 l)iett U11iqt1e <l'lsrnl, les dettx livres des Rois, J>Ol'
c<11 t1e, (lc1iven t en glt isc <1' nvc1lisse111en l 1>ot11 let11s successeu 1s
Jcs coln111ils qt1e Yal1,v e11voya at1x rois c qui firent ce qtti dplait
Y11l1w >, c'esl--<lire c111i co111111i1ent le pcl1 d'idoltrie. Yal1\v
est 1111 J)ictt jnlo11x. 011 co1111>1en<l. (la11s ces 1>erspeclives religiet1ses,
l'u11i111osil <ltt 1nbi11, 111ait1e de J\'lol10111111c<I, co11l1e les cl11tie11s :
avec ce <1u'i]s racontent st11 Jsus, ils fi11ironl par c teindre la
J.,t1111i1e <fe Ynli,v >, c'csl--di1c pat co11vertir les Arabes leurs
<loct1i11es 1>crniciet1scs. Il fat1l (Jonc, <le toute ncessit, i1nposer la
set1le Rcligio11 cle Vrit, et lt1e1 les Associnteu1s de lotit ocabil ;
c'est ln coult1111c 111111e <le Yal1w I Lorsq11e le 1ahJ,in pailc ai11si,
il ne s'ogit J>as d't111 c emba]lemc11t oratoire> de sa port. L'atlilt1(1~,
<t tt 'il 1>1cl1e vis--vis tles cl11t ie11s est l'exacte ex1J1'essit>11 de l(>t1 t c
1:1 1,l1i l<>SOJ> liie is1ali le. Pott r lui, les chrtiens so11 t Ies c n 11e 111 is
les 1>111s c1i111inels, cc11x rJ11'il faut conihalt1e avec le 1>lt1s <l'ncl1111-
11e111e11 l, 1>n1ce qu'ils con11oissc11 t la doct1Jne de Mose. Ils s011 t 01i ..
ginni1e111e11t ,les J11ifs, 1>1ofessant con1me eux le dog111e de l'U11it
(livi11c. l~t celle rlocl1i11c q l1'ils co1111aissnienl, ils l'ont 1e11ie, t1n11s-
~1csse, e11 fais1111t l)ict1 Je fils <le Ma1ie. Deva11l Je Snnlt(l1ir1,
(lt!vi111l ln SJ'ltRg<>g11e, <lcvn11l lot1le ln Co111111u11aut jt1ivc, les Cl11-
tic11s SC)llt flig11cs <le 111011 : ils c 011t tlil : le Messie est fils (I<~
Ynl,,,, ~- J]s c i111ite11t le tli1c <les i11fidles d'at1l1efois qt1e Yal1,,
n lt1s > (s011r. IX, 30). rl"o11 t cela, je 11e l'i11venlc pas. C'est c1'it <lt111s
les Actes ,le l'I.~lan1. Les A1a1Jes, scl(>ll l'enseignement prcl1 1>nt
Je 1nl>l1i11, 11e sont vri,i1nc11t 111t1st1l1no11iss <Jlt'en acce1>lant la Vrilc
111osacJi1e, l'cxisle11ce <11111 l)ieu lJ11ic111e, celt1i d'Isral, cl,une 11n1t,
cl <l'n11l1c J>n1t c11 jt1rn11t l'exle1111i11nlion <les Infidles, ndo1alt't11s
tl'i<l<>les, ni11si q11e <les cl1rlie11s, re11gols (le lo Vrit, 1>e1Jllt1l l 1
cla11ge1 1>ot1r les 11111st1l111a11iss. Qt1'011 Je 1e111nrc1l1e l1ie11, cet 111111-

Il1111e jet s11r les cl11liens ne con1porte aucune rest1ictio11 da11s le
tc1111ls 11i <lnns l'es11ace. l)c1>t1is q11'ils existent co1n111c secte - ni11si
s'cx1,1i1l1e le rnllhi11 - , ils l,Ins1>l1111e11t, ils ecco1n1>lisse11t tt11e t1-
v1e clc 'l"i~11l)tcs ; 11'i1111,<>1lc qt1el e11<lloit <le la le11e oit 011 l<~s
l1>t1vc, ils los1>l1111e11t. L'n11all1111c <Ill rnbbi11 est un obsoltt. ()1,
YnJ,,,, e11 lc11<l l>ien 1>01ncl1eve1 sn L11mi1e, inalgr l'ave1sio11 clt~s
I11fi(llcs > (s0111. IX, 32 ; voir n11ssi LXI, 8). Et les armes (le 111t1st1l-
111n11s s0111 les t1ot1pes <le YnJ1,v 1 .
1~11 1ntlilunt ces l~xtes q11i s011t a11tl1enliqt1es, non 01n]ligl1s,
ln J><>ttc (le 111ico11q11c est CAJ>nl>le <le li1e, je pe11se tous cC's
s<>11gc-c1e,1x C(ttl vic1111e11I 1>1io<li<Jt1e1ne11t 11otts 1~essasser let1r petit
1
t~o111,tc,t s111 l 1111i(>n cl11istia110-111t1st1l111ane > 1 1 Q11,ils lisent s~t1-
le111e11l les lexies qt1c 11011s avons inis so11s let1rs yet1x, le v. 30 tic
ln R<>t1111te IX ; ils Jr t1011v<'ronl crue, pot1r tre effective cette 11nio11
<lt1i t se 1sot1cl1e (1 fi ni ti vc111en t tln11s l'anan tissc111en t lof ni d'tt 11
1.. '1s1.A l\l AnAnB EN ~IARCIIE - LA GUERRE
l('S clr11x 1,n1lc11ni1cs, le 1>n1tc1111i1c cl11l ie11 pro111is ln 11101t 1>or

,,,11,, lt1i-111111r. S111 le 1,,1tt1i11 1cJigic11x, les cl11lic11s ,1oive11t
f:1i1e t>lncl~ 11cllc. 1.. ~1 se11tc11ce cl11 10IJIJi11 csl coltlle, (lcisive,
J)(;l'Clll t>l<) l'C.
S(,111. IX. 31. J..,rs (~l,1t!lict1s (llll 1>1is lc111s <loclc111s cl le111s 111(>11e8
ni11si c111t.. le l\lcssi<~, fils <le l\la1ie, co1n111e Scigne\11s > en
(lel101s tic' \':ll1,,, nlc,,s <Jtt'ils 11't1vn ie11t 1e11 <ll'(l1e q11e ll'n<lo-
1c1 u11e cli,i11il t111i<1t1<'. N11lle (livinil e11 <lcl1cl1s ,l'flllc 1
(:c,111l>ic11 elle est t>ltts go1ic11sc Cftte cc qtt'iJs I. . 11i t1ssocie11l 1
:\2. Ils ,,c,1lc11l ,tPi11<l1r. ln l~11111i1e <le \'1111,,, ovcc (1~ s<>11fTlc)
(le le111s lct1cl1es, 11l(>l'S ((ttl' Y:1l1,,1 11'e11l('lln1:1<~l1evc1
S:t J..,11111ii1r, e11 cli1il <le l'tt\'r1si<lll <les l11fi<llcs.
:1:1. (:'<sl l . t1i (J11i n s>11 A1>f)l1e, tlVP<~ 11, l)i1e<~li,111 el ln
c~tl\'(l)'
l\<!ligi,,11 ,I(' \'(1ilt~, J>Ot11 111 f:1i1e 1,1vol,,i1 s111 ln llcligic,11
<~11 <'lllict, c~1, <f{,1il <I,~ l'a,,c1si,,11 (lc's Ass<lci:,let11s.
Nc,11s nv<>11s, cr1 cl'11t1l1es ('l'l'<>11slnr1crs, c11lc11cl11 le 1nl>l)i11 cli1c

,I<~ 1>n1ol< S oi111i1l>lcs i1 l'g:11cl ,les }ll'l1cs el tics 111oincs : Mc,l1n111-
1
111c<I. t11 t1011vl'1:,s <111c les gc11s les 1>lt1~ 1>1,1t~l,es ,le cc11x ((tti
,1t>e11l, J)f11 l'11111iliC', s011t ret1x ,111i cliscr1t: N,,11s s01n1nes cl1r-
tiens >. C'est c111c, J>n1111i ce11x-<~i, se t1011ve11l <les 1,1l1es et <les
111(>11es el ,111c ces gc11s 11e s't11llc11l 1>c,i11l <l'c,1gt1eil (sot11. \ 1, 85).
(:es 1~11<,les se sil11t'11I (11111s 1111 c,J11lexl<~ l1isto1i,111c c1t1e no11s nvons
tlPc1it <l2111s 11<,t1c lcl111c Il 1, l~iv. \'I, cl1. li, Allil11,lr. ,/11 ral,t,i11 e111,e1.,
/,?s c/11lir11.'t t!l le.<; .l11i{.'i. Ntltls rli<>11s e11co1e J\1<li11~. A 1>1se11t,
le~ 11111s111111,111is~s S(>11l :'1 I . . n l\lecc111e 1econc111ise; ils se se11te11t forls.
l~t si l'a1>1>t1i (le <111tlc111cs cl11li<'lts n 1,11 111,g11<'1c i11cli11e1 lt~ 1nl>l>i11
:", l'i11,l11lgc11('P. i, }(111 i~:11<1, teli, 11e c.l1i1 11g<~ 1ic11 i, si, l,ositi<>11 <le
11inci1,e c111'il <'XJ><lS<' ici Sltts 111111,1,gcs :
S<,111. IX. ~l t. 4> ,cltls c111i <~ttl~l'cz (= 1\ ,,,l,c.~
11111.-..11/111n11iss) l,cn11-
col11> (le <l(ll'l<'tt1s (~>) cl (I< .. 111<l11cs 111n11gc11l cc1lcs le l,ic11
,les ge11s ,tt1 11<>111 <111 l~1,11x et cn1tcnl tltt Cl1e111in cle Yoliw .

(7ft) f1t ..-\c11i~nF.. <>/). cif .. t. 11T, Jl. 108'1, v. 31, 1>1icis<' (le <.'C'llc fn<lr1 :
,( r,1 ,r.ril l,<nt1,11111, ,Je ,11,clt1rs (jr,if~) >. Il 1,'y n n,1c111lr. 1:,ison cl'o1ic11-
lc1 01111(! lt j11,l:1s111(' 1:, 1,<11sc<' ,lt1 rul,l,i11 1 (~c v. :1,1 ('(lllli11t1c! l<>~ic111t~1,1e11l
1,, ,. 31 c,i1 le 1:,l,l,i11 s'r1lln(111, n11x (,l111it1,s <111i ,,1,1,lrill lc111s cloclct11s
l ll'tlrS lll(lllf'S. 1l:ttlS ,.,, , . ;J.t, ln r1,111111lt! C IJc;111f'()III) fit! clc,rlct11:c; (l f1C
lll(lillCS > ro,,11,~ ,,ril:1l,lt111c11t 1111 l(tll(. Si le~~ fl(l('lf!lll"S (!l:,i,111 (les j11irs, il
llflllS r:ltt<lt:,il ('()llt'lltl'' <Ill<' 1f'S lll()llf'S, C-11X :1t1ssi, Sc1nit\tll jt1irs ; ll(>llS 1(>111 ..
1
l,1>11!\ nlol's ,1~11s IC' 11,,11-s,11~ tl l i11,1,1ist'11,l, ln11cc. (Jticls J>tlt111nie11l l,icn
ft1e les 111<lin<~ jt1irs <111 r.lol1n111111t'cl, sclo11 l'exgse 11n<lilio1111(llc; ttlln-
c1,1trnit l~a l\ltt<1t1c tln11s cc v. 3-1?

LA GUERI\E MEDINOISB
A cettx fftli ll1sot11isc11t l'or el l'argent et ne font poi11t

,l(~l,<'11se <.ln11s le Cl1c111i11 tic Yal1,v, rnis graciettse an11011ce
,l't111 lot11111e11l c111cl.
:Jf>. At1 jot11 <Jit ces 111ll111x se1011f 1>01ls it l'i11con<lcscc11ce <ln11s
le fct1 (le ln (,l1e1111e, (c,i1) J>nt (!llX sc1011t 111r11<1t1s let11s
f1<>11fs, lc111s fJi,11cs el lc111s <los, (011 il let11 se1a cri) : ''<>ici
cc <fttc vo,,s tl1sati1isiez. Gofllcz ce (Jt1e vous ll1sa111isi<~z >.
S111 1(~ let1ni11 <log111l1lic111e, le 1ol>l,i11 1e1>rocl1e lo11s les cl1r-

lic11s <l'ovoi1 (ll111it Jo tl<><~l1i11c 111onc>ll1i'islc <ltt Sina. Let11 c1ir11c
csl clt1ln11t ; ils <lc>ivc11l l1c ltts, 1>n1cc (Jt1'i-ls onl l11 le 111osns111r.
J..,c111s 1>111(,les, Jltt1l<>t1t ()tl ils so11l, c,111li11t1c11l <l':,sso111l>1i1 lit
J .,11111ii!1e 1,'~1,1111(lt1e 11:,_1 Y,1l1,v st11 cc 111011clc. Qtt'ils se laise11l ! <[tic
,ri1l1,, IC's l11e I C.c1111l>ollez-les 1,011r les ft1er 1
S111 le J>la111 111l1ttl, le 1nl>l>i11 1~1>1<>cl1c n11x 111<>11es el nt1x cl<l<'-
l<1t11s ,le s'e111icl1ir nttx <11>!ns de Ic111s ficlles. To11l ce 111011<lc-li1
csl vcl11~ i, l'l~11re1. 'l"n11I (flle les Acles ,le l'l.~lant 11e sc1011l 1>:ls
cx1,1r1u<~s - et ils 11c 1>et1vc11l nl,s<>lt1111e11l 11ns l'lte - tic ces lexll'S
a111li-ll11t'\lie11s <Jltc 1C's 11111st1l111n11s c1oie11l J,ten1e11t t1e <lesce11cltts
tl'All:111 c11 ,l1oile lign<", 11c>s t,011s n1>l1cs 1>01111onl lot1jo111s })l"('S-
S('1 1~ J>sc11c1>-Co1"n11 1>0111 lt1i fni1e s11er ln 111ysliqt1c tltt 1a1>ptocl1r-
111r11l rl11islin110-11111st1l111a11 1 Il 11'e11 so1li1n 1ie11 ll'nt1lre <Jtte cc
<111'il cc111lic11t t"C'lle111e11l : la l1ai11c (lt1 cl11tien.
llo11s/"(Jffire Franr<,;.t; ,l'Rl11,lr.~ et cle Doc11me1ilalio11, (12,t n.1.
l\(i1ss11:1, Pn,is 13r), (li1igC' 1101 1\1..J. T11ot1ve11in, n(>11s liso11s, s,11
rc st1jel 111cis, (l:111s le 11 <lt1 25 Mn1s 19G8, qttC'l<Jttcs 1flexio11s f<>tl
J)C1li11c11les : c I..,'lsln111 ()SI l':111lilJ1sc 111111c ,ltt cl1risliu11is111c. J)c
11<>111l,1.!tlx t>Clllllrs cl11lil~11s onl t co11ve1lis i, ln religio11 (le l\111l1()-
r11et (le g1~ (lll <le f<ll'C<" ; <~(l111l>ic11 <le JlCttt>les 111t1s111111a11s se s<>11t-
ils <'<>11\'('tlis n11 cl11islin11is111c ? l\1is n J>nrl cc1lni11s c.ns i11<livi<lt1r.ls
<c1111111s, la 11><l11sc llet1I sc1i1c 1>n1 ces lettres : Nn11l. Notts 11c
111sesli111c>11s 1>11s ln 1,1(>rcl11(lct11 11101nlc (l't111 l\11,ssig11cl11. Not1s nvo11~
Je 1,l11s ~1n11(l 1es11ect .1>c>111 l'11v1c <lrs Ti11clicti11s inslnlls nt1
1\f n1oc. l\[i1is n<>tls s0111111cs J>e1s11n<ll's q11e celte so1te d'ct1m11is111<'
tl11isli:1110-111t1st1l111an est 11 11 l<'tt11e 1>111 et si111plc, q11i clesscrvi1n 11,1
j<lt11 l'l~glise. AJors C(tlc ln co11ve1~ion d'11n n111st1l111an a11 cl11islin-
11is111c esl J>nssiblc cle la J>einc <le 111ort en te1rc d'lslon1. Alo1s qttc,
l:111s cc1l11i11cs 1~gio11s 111l1s11l111n11es, lc11'e1111>i1e c11rificn, le 1,10-
sil_,,1is111~ csl 111111c sl1iclc111c11l i11lc1dil ot1 c1erg cnll10Jiq11e, 011
,,oil lr's cl1er~ 11111s,1l111n11s nct11els foi1e let11 cout nu Saint-Sigr,
l11i (l<'t11n11(IC'1 (l'i11lc1vc11i1 r,,11l1c le colo11inlis111c. > - Ceci rt,1il
('l,il c11 111111s 10fl8 ; at1j<>t11<l'l1t1i, le colo11inlis1ne <l'olors 11'exislc
J)lt,s. ().tic l'on aille ,lo11c voit st11 Jllnce co1nme11t les cl1efs n111st1l-
111n11s 0111 1c111erci 10 Saint-Sige, el ce qu'il est advenu des c111cl-
~ J(J l ..'ISI.AP.I AI\AIIE EN ~IARCIIE - LA OUERRB
,111 c s i 11 , Iig 11 c s <111 i s' t~ f n i c 11l c o 11 v e 1l is n t t c a l l1o 1ic is In e. Se tt 1s, ce li x

1111i 11c <.>1111oiss<'lll t>ns l'l:.;ln111 et ce11x qtti lise11t les textes snns
ls c,,1111>1c11<l1c fl,,t1,nie11t cntt'S!.ct tle soliles illt1sions.
c) l~es ll1if.';. -- ln11l-il co1111>lcr les .Juifs pn1111i les e1111e1nis

((tte ,loi,,<'11t C(>111l>nll1c les A1111Jes 11111s11l111nn~, 011 n1111c tilre_q11e
l(s J><>l}ll1istes, i,l>l{1l1cs ,,11 cl11lit11s ? Nos g1n11<ls cornnisa11ts
11',1111 n11c1111c l1l\sil1,1i,,11 cl r1>(>11,lc11t c1flnc111e11l : les Ara1>es
11111s11l111nr1s <>11l 11,,is cnlg,,,ics (l c1111e111is : les i11fi,llcs, les cl1r-
1
lic11s . cl }l'S .ltaifs. ,\ 11rio1i. C('lle nfTi1111nlion 1>n111il i11co11cilinl>lc

,,,cc cc ((ttc 11,111s s:,,,,11s <le 1,lt1s t><>silif sui les >tigir1es j,1ivcs le
1'1s10111. Il se111it i11(r,11ce,nlJI< (1t1c le 1abi11 oil 1111 cl11sse1 les
.ft1ifs J>n111ai les ttl1,t1sni1cs <l't111< co1l11111111nt1l a1nl>o-jt1ive fc)tltlc
1,n1 l11i I l~I 1><>t11l111tl, l1111s les Arlr.~ ,le l'lslan,. cln11s celle so111nle
IX, 1111 l>c111t <le ,c1!;<'l :,<, ,,.
se111l,lc c.lo1111er 1nis<>11 n 110s co1n11isa11ls
f lllllCllX.
:to ,,. - l~c'S .l11irs ()Ill clit : ()1.111 est fils clc Ynl1,v > ; linnl
('('Ill' l'( 'rlrxi,,11 n11 :~() ,,. lllC'IJli,a1111,,11t IC's c-l11lC'IIS (Jlli (llll tlit !
1
c
l .. ~ll.'ssic est J,, fils le .i,,I,,,.,,
>, Il(>~ co1n11isa11,ts co11cl11cnt <111e
~lc>l1011111,e,I n ,l,\tl:11,~ lil "'11c11c sni11lc c,11t1c les .l11ifs co111111c il l'n
r:,il tc,11l1r les 1111,,11s el lt'S rl11ti<>11s. t:'esl ln 11nc exgRe vrni-
111,11t 11(>1) SlllJ>l~(IC', C(II Il(' 1,\sislc l>fl~ (l 1111 lllllllllllll clc 1flcxio11.
(:,>111111t~11t Ct)llcC\'(>1 l'll l'tlct ,111'1111 111IJl)i11 oit (tsigrt 111 vi11(liclc
1
cles A1nl1es ses C'(11ligio11111,i1~s ? C cst i1111>e11s11l)lc. De pl11s, si
l'11110111111c jet J>nr le 1ol>l,i11 sltt les cl11tie11s esl e11 dcl101s dtt
lc1111>s el cle l'es11ncc, les nlln<1t1es co11lrc les Jt1ifs - si elles so11t
,,1ni111e11t n11tl1c11lif111es, c'rst-n-li1e clnln11l (le ln J>1iocle 111rli11oise
l\l 1,11l1il'11rcs il li1 111c11I 111 111l>l>i11 - , 11'<>111 q11'1111 cn1ncl1e extr-
111c11l 1csl1ei11l, 11cci<lc11lel, el l11issc11l le j ltll11s111c c11li1e111c11t l1<ll~
cle (JIICSlio11. (:c IIC S()lll llflS r<lUS les .Jt1ifs <111i Olll ,Jil : C ()zar
<sl fils ,le Yn11,vf' . E11s11ilc, ce 11'esl J>ns sn11s n11t' et lot1j<1t1r~,
cle11t1is lt.'S 1vlnli<>11s si1111li<111es, <Jtte les Jttifs c>11t 1>1of1 J>Ateil
1,11,s1>l1111e. l .. t' 11,l)l)II 11',,1111,il (IOllC t>tl VSPr ((ll,llll gro1111e (1e
.J11irs <ftti, i, t111c t;(><><Jtle (lt,1111e, n111~uie11 t 11t1 nfTi1111cr q11'0zni1 est
fis <le Die11.
Q11ellc srrnil celle r1loq11e ? Q11i serait cet ()zni1? Pcrso11ne
1
11 <'11 soit 1ie11, nl,s<1l11111e11t 1ie11. f:elle nccttsnlio11 to111bc s11r t111 na11l
l(>lnl. I .. 'cxgse ln Jll11s v1nise111l,lnl,le est qt1e ce n1c1nbre <le 1>l1rase
;\() ,,. <111i n11i,e Jn co111111C' ,,n cltl'Vett st1r ln s<>111,c, o t jel lln11s
lt'~ A<'lr. cltt l'/.'iln,11 11nr 1111 011ti-j11if q11i n ii1ve11t 11'i1npo1te q11oi,
<flti n ln11c c,111l1e les Jt1ifs 1111c 11cc11sotio11 snns f<>tt,l<'tnenl, snn~
a,t1l'1111c ~i~11ifi<1,lic,11 111i-cisc. l ..'cxgse, ('()111111c 1,, 1ct,1clio11 elle-
111~1,,,~ cl,1 lcxl<', 11(,,,~ <'llf.-'llf.!e11t n 11c tc11ir 011ct111 co11111tc clc r.elle
i11<~i<l<'nlc il() ,,. r,,i~,1,1c 11<>t1~ 0,,,,,1~ ln1ge111ent le ten1ps <le rfl-
cl1i1, el (tle 11,,t,c llt1l c~l 111oit1s cle rnire c 11n l,011 liv1c selon les
LA UUEl\l\li t-till>INOISE 241
1gles qt1c <le fo1n1c1 s c>liclc111e11t le jt1ge111e11l bien 1noliv <le
ll(>S leclct1rs, 1clisons t111e fois (le 11lus les versets que nous sommes
e11 t1ni11 <le 111tlile1 ; vot1s co11slnterez <le vous-n1111e, non seule-
111t'11l f}ttc l11 st11>1>1essio11 (le 30 a 11e l>tise JlOS le rytJ,1ne (ltt <lvc-
l(>()l>c111c11I, 111nis bic11 at1 co11l1"nire, <1t1e s011 n1ai11licn est u11e v1i-
t ul, 1e s11 rcl1i11ge :
2!). C<>1'tnA1,Ez :
1 - Cet1x <Jtli 11e c1t,ie11t }lns c11 Yal1w 11i a11 ilernier jotlt'.
:Jt) n (l .. cs .J11ifs ont tlit : Oz111 est fils <le Yul1,v >) = A SUP-
1 Ill "1 t:I\.
l> .((;0,111,allez)
2 - Les cl11ljc11s fJtti 011l llit : le Messie est fils de
Y t\l1w ,
J:11 1s11111, les v1ilnl,les e11ne111is <les Jt1ifs 1nt1st1lmans el <les

A111l>t~s 11Jt1s11l111n11is~s so11t 1111iqt1e111e11l les itloll\tres, ceux qt1i e<lo-
tc11l les c11ill,>11x, el les itlolfll1c.'s > r.l11"lie1,s qtti b1ise11t le 111<>110-
tl1t's111c 1111>sr1((tlc e11 1>1<,cl11111u11l l)ictt Jstts, fils <le Mnrie, et e11
1c11,l1111t 1111 culte it let11s 111tJi11es cl n
le111s <l<lclc11rs.
16
8. -- ltrrrou I\ l>I~ )\ IOIIA I'( 1\1 ED A "I DINE.
0'11111rs les 1t,111n11(ic1s cc,1n11isn11ts, ~fol1n111111ccl, 01>rs ovoit
,11i11tt1 les Il:,,:izi11 i, ll(111o11, les n11rni l JJ0111st1ivis j11sc111' Taf.
c Il 11,il le siC:gc clc,n11t ln ,illc, 111nis, 1<'(lottln11t l'cl1cc (1 1111 assR11t,
1
il lc,n le co1111> cl fil 111<,t1,,c111e11l ve1s Lo l\Iccqt1c. lJ11e ,ltlltlntion

()es I In,,i\zi11, c11 t<,t1ts (l<! t(t1lc, le rejoig11it po111 <lc1nnn(lcr <111'011
ll111 1t'11<lil l<t11s 1>1isc>1111ie1s J. . cs l"(lt111Jaltn11ts 11c vo11lnic11l 1ic11
c11ll'll<l1t, 1111lis it<,l111111111ci1 lllle l>cllc fe1n111c !illllS lo
clc:~si1c1 - , (111'il t1t'<'i<li, <le <lc,1111e1 1111e 11><lt1sc fnvo,nl>le n ses
ll(l',l'tsni1es, ("(' ((tl 1>1()\'(JCJIIO llllC r,)iS (IC J>ltts lt~ 11,co11tc11le111e11t
tics 11111st1l1111111s. l\l,,l111111111(<1 1l't1l111 tl(>11c i1 l .. n 1\1<.'C<Jttc sn11s se!i 1>1i-
~,,1111i<1.C. li fil St'" ll("IC's ,te (l,,,lic)II, il fi(.'C()llll>lil S(lll 1>,;(C'1i11ngc,
,,,,is C 011 ~:111<1 S(ttllll~('IIIClll tl('S 1\11xilinit( S (JII 1c<lot1lnic11l (le
1
,,,,;,. 1. n l\ll'l<l<t' clc,c11i1 llt <'1l1,it1,lc tic l'Elnl c11 fo11111,lio11, il l,,issn
lt ~<>11\tCl"IICIIIC'lll clt. 111 ,illt' n '1\llill>, litt COll\'Ctli 1cc11l, Alll,n1e11l
1
t", J\IJf)lt-St,f)'tlll, 1111is il ,. !Il ,o n l\lcli11c (111i-111n1s (~1(,) 1 1 1 (8()).

f:ca111111t I\J,,l111111111c<>lilicic11, il t1111n c<>11s:1ct 111
1,(1ic,cle (111 21l l\l111s (;:l() 1111 8 l\l1l1s (i.11 - vt,illt n11 111<>i11s fttti est
1,1,,cis - i1 cr1,,1)c1 <les 11111u1,ssntlct11s tlt111s les g1n11,ls ce11t1cs <ltl
l,1,ssi11 111tlilc11:,11t~c11.
'l'ot1l Ct'ln 11'esl 111c 1>111c i11,,e11lion et ne 1>1se11le, pot11 l'l1is-
1,,i1e ,les 01i~i11l's clc l'lslt1111 i111,l>c, 1111ct111 i11t1t. ~lic11x vnt1l <li1~e
,111e ltfltls 11,~ ('c,111111iss<l11~ 1ic11 tics v11c111e11ls c111i st1ivi1e11l i111111-
(li,1lt111c11t l'>~l111,:1lic,11 tic l1, l{t1'I,:, pt11 lt'S 11111st1l111i111iss.
(80) l)a ..,c,ai-:1,R. 1.r Pr(>llr1,1r ,. 120.

!). - L'ES<~I\MOUr.llE DE 1'AnOUK.
I ..'lnl (le lt1lte est en<l1niqt1e e11l1e rnt1st1lmaniss et idoltres.

IJcs 11ns 011 les 11t1l1es J>t"<>filent <le lot1tes les occasions pour s'inst1l-
1
lt1 cl se l>nlltc. Il ne s agit ce1tes pns de batailles en rgle ; il fnttl
s11rlot1l 1)1\1le1 <le <Jt1e1elles (Jlle 1i111ngi11alion n souvent 01111,lifis
(ln11s le l,t1l (le 111Agnifier l\lol1a111111c<l. Le 1obin, ot1let1r clcs Acles
,le l'l ..;/a111, voqt1c so11ve11l le sot1vc11ir cle ces qt1e1elles, sans les
l<>cn lises. t>o11rquoi les l(1cn liscr ? No11s n'nvons pns faire ici <les
l>i1r,1illcs 1111,ores, s111 t111 l~11oin cl1oisi, <l'o1>rs des form11lesclns-
si,111es. C'est cla11s la l1ui11e 1ci1>1oqt1e ,les J>orlis q11e se localisent
l>S)'<~ll(llogi,Jttt'111e11I CC'S <111c1elles ; elles clalc11t i11opl11111e11l, s111
11n 11101, st11 1111 geste. E11t1e 11111st1l111nniss et i<lolfttres, c'est <1ntls les
<'s1,1ils 1111e gt1c11c ir1tlc11(>t111111e c111i se co11c1tisc sot1ve11l tllt
l1n~111<>scr ~et r,,t
l,cllic111c11x ; 111nis cc,111111c so11 livre (les Acles n'n J>ns pot1r l>tlt
(l'cx1,os<'1" l1islc,1ic111e111c11I ln s11ilc t1cs vnc111c11ls, le 1nbl>i11 c~t
c'xlr111<'111'11l 1se1v <1111, 11<1 il s'ltgit cle (lc,11n<..r ttn 110111 go~1n-
1>l1i111e i, celle J><>t1ssi1e cl'cscn1111011cl1cs q11i voltige <1011s les 1,1c-
111ii1<s tl<;l:1lcs clc l'Jsln111 111ol>c. Mnis J>lt1sic11rs ce11tnines <l'o11r1e~
,,,,,s 111 111011 cl11 1nl>l>i11 (!l cle so11 <lisci1,lc Mol1n111111e<I. les co111111('11-
l:1l<'t11s SC'1<>11t bcall<!(>tlf> 111oi11s 1servs. Ce devient une 111anie tics
<~<>11111is1111ls (le vo11lc>i1 111e ll1e t111 110111 tle lie11 11011r ,rsig11e1 to11lc
rsci,rr11(>t1cl1e c111c le 10Ll>i11 ne 111e11tio11nail c1ue (l't1ne faon i11,l-
lc1111ir1c. i\_J11s avoit po1l <l'l-lo<lnl,iyy11, (le 0110d, ,le 1exle11ni-
111,li(>11 <les l1ib11s j11ives. voici qta'ils 11011s t>nrlenl 1noinle11011I <le
'l'11l,ot1lc ; cl'nt1t 1<'s cornnisn11ls 01riveront q11i cl1ercl1ero11l l1ltllil-
lc1 celle J111loille clc TnLot1k ovec q11elqt1cs versets <les Acles clr.
l'ltil<tm. D'nf>ts ln t1ntlilio11 (1) ce sc1nit en ~clol,ae 030 (81) c111e
J\fol1n111111etl 1tt1roit 111011l t1ne ex1>clili(>11 c conl1e l'oasis (IC
'l,11b(111lc, c11 Trensjordnnie, lo lin1ile (lt1 ter1"iloire byza11lin (82).
I:11 fnit. no11s n'e11 savons 1ien. Cc CJtte nolts savo11~, ll&r conl,c.
c'est c111',,11 > 11s. <t,,ne on11e q11'il 11ot1s est i1npossihle (1e <llc1~
111i11t'1. les . ~ 1ef11s1e11t (le 1>1e11(l1c 1>a1t n 1111 co111l,nt ,te
111t1st11111 n 11 iss con l1e les i<.lold lres.
82. Ce11x lnisss e11 01ri1e se sont tjouis de leur exen1plio11,

1101 <1111ositi(Jll lt l'n1,t1e <le Yol1,v, el 011t p1ot1v 11>t1l-
sit>11 n 111e11e1 co111l,ul tic lc111s ie11s et de leu1s 1>e1so11ucs,
(RI) l .. eJ Arlrs de l'lst,,,,,, IX. 82, rnrlcnl (l'ttnr l>alnlllc q11I nurnil r,1
lic,11 c ,l111n11I l'nrclct1r ~. l"n,,t.il i,lcntiOr.r C"Cllc rc11conlrc ovcc l'c111l,t1~r=--,lc
clr pri,ltcl1tk ? f'A>111mc le ront lrs cornnisn11ts 1 Je 11'cn vols pns ln nccssilt".
(R2) ll1..Af:11tns, l .. e Problt111e, p. 121-122.
2 lI 1. ISl.1\1't AflAOE F.:N Al,\llCIIE - LA GUElll\B
tJ,111s I<' (:l1e1ni11 ,I<' ''nl1,,. Ils (>rit flit : c Ne vo11s Jo11ccz
1>,>i11l e11 ,1111111:1g11e ,111111111 l'nr(lct11 (<lt1 soleil) 1 > - Rt,on,ls
1c t 11 ) : 1,t' r<' t 1 , 1t, 1n ( i 11e 11 n c se r n 11 1tIs n r <1e 11 l > 1 A1, 1
sit!i se l1c,t1,t1ic11l cc,1111,1c11tl1e (83).
~lr1is C<' co111l,nl ntl(ftiet il est rnit nll11sio11 <la111s CC' v. 82, not1s
l)C \'(l)'(tllS (lO'l Cfllltlll('lll l)()llS l>()lll"l"OllS le locnlise, n TalJOtllt ; 1,nr
t()llS<'<(ltl'lll OIi llC i>Clll &lfll'IIJCI" qt1e c'est l'eXtl(IIOll tlc rJ"ttbOttk
111c les l-l71l( 1i~fii r11111,i~11I 1<~ft1s tle llo1liciper.
0
li 11). n ,l'11ill,t11s 1>r1s r111e lc>s Il~'f)O(lrite-, <111i 1()r11se11l ile fnire
1:, g11111e, il )' :, cl'n11t1e" c1o)n11ls c111i, ct1x 11c,11 1,111s, 11e se se11lc11l
:111,t111 1,c!11tl11111t i, 1is<Jt1c1 lct11 ,ic nct11clle ))0111 1111 l>o11l1c111 l1y1)0-
ll1lic1t1c IIJ)l'('S 111 111()1'1 :
81. Si \'111,,,t" le t<'tll<.'l c11 111sc11cc tl'1111e 11n1lie (<le ces gens)
1
cl !'l ils lt' cll'1111,11clc11t 1><'1111i5si<,11 (le 1>n1li1 (r11 cn1111,ng11e),
11,11cls-lt111) : ,,c,11s 11c 1,1,1li1cz 1>lt1s j1,11111is nvcc 111<>i cl
'p()
,, ( l l l s 11 C (. C, 111 I)4' l l 1~ 1. 1, I11s '' l l l' 1111 (. 1111 C 111 i l t \' C.' C 111 ( , i ' 11 ~
nv<'1., c11 cll'lI. lt'<ltt, l'e:-ce1111>lic,11 ng11,blc, 1111c 1>1(111i1c
f <s. Al >'-1 l l' Il C 1.-\' ()l lS c1(>ll C l\ \'CC CCll X tes ls C 11 1111i 1l~ (81).
l.,'rx1>i(liti<>11 clt 1:,l,c,11li, si elle 1, v1ni111c11l <!li ]ictt, 11e t>C'ttl l1c
1:1t<1c>c.l1c.;c i, t1t1c1111 lt'XI<' <les ,\c~lrs ,I<! l'l sl,t11t. JI f11t1l > (lit nvec
1i,is,111 lll,,cl1i1,, 1c11011rc1 i, clnl>li1.. t111e co1111cxio11 e11t1e les (lon-
1,c,~ t1,1,lilic,1111llts ,,1 l';1ll11sic111 1"c11n11iq11t~ cltt ,,. R2 > (Rfi). ()11 11c
J)l'lll 11()11 ltltlS \'(11 111 llli11cl1t~ ltlltlS<lll l'CX()<)lOII <)e rl'ttl)Otll<
cl:111s le v. 118, <l<: celle 111111e S(>lttnte IX :
118. <:c,lrs, ,,,1,,,.,0:. (\sl t'{'VC'1111 clr Sn 1i~tlt'111 ct;11l1c le Jl101>l1lt!.

les ~111ig1is cl IC's J\ 11xili;1i1es, ((ll L'<>lll SllV {\ l'l1et11e de
ln g~11c. <:<'t'lt~~ Il esl t't'\'Cllll (<le St1 1ig11r111) cc>11t1e c11x -
r11,c1s t't1x. Il tsl i11tlt1lgc11t l'i 1,1ist~1-i<~<>1,lic11x - n1>1s (Jttc
Il'~ C<Clll'S cl'tlllC' r1nctio11 <l'<'ll(1e e11X Olll f11illi ouli<JllCr (80).
C.e1lni11s
t,,111111c11lnll't11~ ,,11l ,.,,,,111
voit cln11s cc ve1scl 1111e
11ll11sit>11 011 fl<>l(('111P11I (ltli s<' scr1,il 111o(l t1il, cl1l'z les CroJ'n11ls lors
,le l'cx1>clilio11 cl, rl"nl>cl11lc, <lt1 fi,it cles C(llt<lililllS lts J>11il>les
(8:-t) S,>ttr. IX. 82.

(8~) lli,I .. R4. N,,,,l,li,,11s 1:1~ (J11f' c l<s r,r11s cl<' l':l1ri~1c >, ,lnn~ le l1,1\
!-!~~c (111 rnl1t,i11. st111I ~i11i1nl(\111<11I l<s l1l<,11i115. P.t,,is il~ 1>nrnlssc11t nvolr
r.,it icolc 1
(85) IJ1 ,r.11.::11H. 1.r t>r,,l,tt',,,r, ,,. 121.
(Rfi) So,1r. 1~. 118. tc-.,1r ,lo1111('r ''''" 111c11,c ,le ln 111i~i1irorclc et~ Ynl,w~,
le 1nl,l,l11 <"ile(,. 11\t) ,1,, C'X\'1111,lc <111i <lc,11it l1c <c>111111 cl,11,s le 111llieu ,les
<ln11s lcsr111ellL'S s'cJTecl11n le relo11r ~ (87). Vrni1ne11t. j'abandonne
celle exgse ln scl1e,vi11g-gttn1 1 c'csl--(lirc cette exgse q11i co1,-
sislc h c<lle1 11'i1111lo1tc CJt1cl v11c111e11t n n'i1n11orle qt1el texte.
()11 11e snit rien, 111nis on l>rode <Jttnncl 1n~me ; et si la fontnisie
t1ot1ve les gens cr<l11les s ttr sa ro11te, elle <lcvien<l1a vite ccrlill1<lc.
jt1sr111'h ce CJt1'1111 111n11vnis J>loisent, co111111e moi, de1nancfc tles rni-
so11s s1ic11ses q11i 1>c1111e l tc11t tl'occ1llitcr cotntne vrit l1islo1i-
fJtte C<'s flc>ls <l'insn11ils. 011 ne snit rien de Tahouk. On conlin11e
CCJ>l'll<l:1111 <l'afTi11ne1 <Jtte l'cx1>clilio11 n ett liett. Si Mol1am111ecl n'n
1(\1lt'o11l1t~ 1111c11nc 1sislo11re IJyzn11line, s'il 11'n pas et1 l'occosio11
,le ~e 111t'st11c1 nvcc les f c>rC('S cl'll1ncli11s. tn11t pis : il est ,,li
(1111111(1111(\111~ it '1"nl)t)tt1c. El il Olll"ltil n1is n profit so position llOttr
i111t1cl1c1 l'onsis cle ll<>t1111nl--cl J)jnn<lil (l'ncl11e1Ie nl-Djf) i, sc11,
,!111i1 <l11,,1i111, cl J>flll!. 1,t~flclci,,r ttvec les cl1rlic11s <l'Aln (l'o<'lttellc
A,1nl,n, s111 ln Ilet l\<>t1gc) ni11si <ftt'ttvcc ce11x cl'A<lla1ol1 (lc,cn1it
<lis1,11111<', c11l1c l\ln'n11 et Pl1n>. A ces con111111nat1ls, le P101ll1~ll'
111111,il <,>1t<t~,I,\ I<. ,11,,it cl'cxc1cc1 lc111 teligio11 cc,11l1e 1>0l'lt1e11l
,1'11,,, .. < :111il11lio11 > (RR).
1
Il r~1,1l 11(lll~ 1sot1<11c n l"Ollslnll't c1t1'il existe <lCtlX fnons <l'c1i1c

111ist,,i1c : l't111c fft1i s',11>1>t1icrnil s111 cles <lc,ct1111e11ls recc11111t1~
1111ll1c11li<111cs, cc>111111c 1>n1 exc1111>le les Acles ,le l'Islam. co11le111-
1>,,111i11" ,1,,s ,~,,(~11C'111c11ls (r11'ils 1111>t><>1lc11I, l'ot1l1e qt1i rassc111l,IC'-
1nil lotis les 1>oli11s 1ncc,11ls t>n1 <les l1111noristes, des t"Ot11n11cie1s,
clts flc1,,ic:l1cs c1e foire, fnisn11t fi <lt1 (loct1r11enl cl nyanl pot1r 1>lc
cssc11liel 1l'n111t1ser le J>ttl,lic, tels <(lie les l,aclilz e1111,ils flot lcs
<(>11111111l11lc111s otl,1,cs ..rn111nis je 11c C<>nscnlirni c1ire l'l1islc>i1e
,lc~s ,11igi11es clc l'Jsl111,1 tl'a11l1~R <<~s 111110~ no1111es (le fn11lnisics
l:11<livcs cl 1t>1t1nncsc111es ; les Aclr., cle l'/.t;/an1, Rt1ssi sobres soicnl-
ils cl1111s ln C(>t1c1lisl1lio11 <les foils, so11l CC}l<'tl<lo11t nsse1. 1i<l1c~
J)ll111 11ot1s 1>er1nell1c (le r<>111pre11clrc <lt111s Rl'~ l1nils essc11tirls
l'tltigi,,c l'i I<'~ 1>1(\111ie1s ,lrvel,11>11c111c11ls <le 1'Islnn1 nrnlle, J>t"(><l11it
i,11ll1<'11li111c (le l'l~ln111 jt1if. Pett tlO\ts i1n1>01le qtte les n1ttst1l1111111i-
Sl~s se ~,1ilr1I l,i1ll11M ,,t1 ll<lll h Tnl,0111c. Ce <111i 11011s 1>n1nil <."111,ilr,I
,,,,,. c<>11l1c, c't'sl <le Cl>J1:-;li1lc1 fJt1'nt1ssil<>l 111,is ln f11ite il rtlc.li11c,
11,,1~11l11,n11i~rs. Ccti se 1>nssnit ,1,,,1~ 11nc 1c11,,1nlre c11lrc con,crlis s1111l>t'!-- tI

,\1ilt1,s i11ll1lr-l<~. T1,,is 41t~ c,,,1,<'1tis n1nl>c.s ne po11vnnl ot1 1,t,1~ cxnclc111('tll
111' ,<111ln11I 1,n~ r<'J<>n<l1<' I<' ~rot1pc 1 flni~1,1 rc~l~ ~,, n11irr. li n'v n,nil
,,,,,,,. c11:it 1,,1,,1n lllO~'<'n ,l'rrl1nr,11rr n l<'llr~ ('nnrrnis : c l~n tcr1e rn clir,it
Ir ~011 lc111ll1r. le,11 lln111t l1op rtroilc, en sorlc q11e le11r~ Aine, fur<'nl ,ln,,,
l'11111t,ai~sc >. 1'fnlu1 le 11cl1 q11 ils nvnicnt ro111rr1is e11vers Ynt1,v, en se
1
lr,altn,,t nt1 rt)111l,nt, ils ~c 1r11git'<'11l en lo11tc conflnnrc pr~ ctu SclRt11r
11111 le~ ~:111,,n (le rc 111n11vnl~ 1>n~. c Ynl,,,,~ r~I r<'v<'nt1 ,le Sn ri,:t11r11r. nnn ,111'il,
r(,ic,111<111 Ir IC't1r r:111lr. V,111,v <'~I le n~vornlr,1r, le Mi~~ric-orclic11x >.
(M7) 111.,,c:111~1,K. /,,~ (;or,,,,, 1. Ill. ,,. 1107, n11n. 118.
(RR) ll1.A<:11~;nK, Le Probl111c, 1>. t 22.
:! ,,1 J.. ISf .. \~I AII.\IIE EN ~ -~R(!l16 LA OUEnnE
il t'xist,1 fft'tli,c111t't1l 1111 c~l,,I <IC' g11c1rr. c11lrc le~ 11111s11l111011iss

l les iclc)l:11,c~ ; 'l'if.', fl;111~ celte ~lll't1c, les 11111s11l111n11iss ont 1>0111
l,11t e~sr11lien11-
1
1f,111> 1111111(Jt1nir11l cl(~ ?.le 1>c1111 co111l>nll r e les i11ri,llcs, infi<lles

r111'ils c,11111,1issni<'11I, ,,111111i lcsq11e1s ~e t1ot1vni<'11I <les pn1enls el
(1t's n111is. l:t's C:1c,~:111ls li,tcs et 1ticc11ts f'01111nic11l le parti (les
1f ~1><>c1itcs <111'011 114,11,1,il citez les s<le11lnires, 111nis sttrl<>t1l sn11s
l,,11lc c!tl'Z les ll(!<l(Jt1i11s : c Pn1111i cct1x clrs )1(lo11i11s c111i s<>11t
;111l(ll11 <le \'()11s cl 111l1111i )l'S l1nl,ila11ts <le I\I,ti11e, il est <les lly1>0-
,,il("S Cftti S()lll clii1l)(ll1JIICS ('Il)' lt)'})()Cl"SC >. \ 7011s 11e les co11-
11;1issr7. 11,1i11l, 111nis N(at1s, N,,1,s les co1111niss<ltlS > (8!l).
l..,'l1)><>c1isic 11<~ 1,t,it' llO~. Sc11lc lai v1itnl>lc c1o)'n11cc c11 Y11l1,,
csl C J)l"()ltlCI\'C >. \'i1)l\\
0
r.
n ncl1C'l flllX (:l"(l).llllfS )Clll"S llCl"S(tllllC'S
'1 lc111s l,ic11s, tc,11l1e le .Jn1<li11 ((t1'II le111 (1011nc-tn en t>nttn,::c. lis
c,1111l,1111<'111 cl:111:, lt tl1c.'111i11 c1c 1'1111,,,C'. Ils l11c11l (>li ils Sl)lll fl1s.
,,,.,,,,,r.ssc clc llir11 csl tc1lil11lc. (~lie rsl i11s<~1ilc 11111s ln 'l',111,,
l:,,,1,gilc ,., le l.i,1c. (l1 c111i cllllll", 111ic,1x qt1c Ynl1,v, li<'11t l><,11
S(9ll ))0('1(' ? ,,,,j>ttSS('7,-VC)IIS ,te l'nl)i',tcnn cc qt,e ''(lllS n,cz C()llClllC
,1,(t~ 1. tti. c:'rsl le S11tt<',s-l111111c11sc (!)()). Vo11lez-vo11s ~n,,c,i1 c111els
,,1111 lc's c1,1~t111ls '! (:<' ~,,111 c,s l1f,111111c~ c111i nclcl1~11I ''1111,v~, fftli T.c
lc,11,111, ,,1,i l .c ~l,,1iriC't1I ; cc sc,111 <"<'s l10111111es <Jtti s'i11cli11c11t, c-C'ttx
1t1i ~c 111,,slc111c11I, cr11x ffll .,,~.1,>1111c11l Je Conv(\nnl>1e <'l inler1lise11t
1,, lll11111l,lc, l'C'ltx c111i ctl)sc1,,c11I lt'S co111111n11cle111c11ls le Yt1l1,,,
(~tl ).
N(,tls 11,,111s, (l,111s cC' ,.,,,s<'I, 1111 J)t>1t1nit nt1ll1c11li,111e ,les j11ifs
t('t1x s,,t1111is n \:,1,,,,t\, c'cst-i1-,li1e ,les v1ilnl)lcs 11111s11l1111111s
j11ifs :

tl) Ils tl(lc,1r11I .. 1,,11<'1l1 . , glc,1irie,,t ,'11l1,v: v,,i1 J>. ex. (~Cil.
XXI\', 18 : c .ft 111e s11is 1,1,,stc11t(\ et j'ai 11lo1 Y11l1,v, cl j'ni
l1il'11 l,(;1,i ,,,1,,,.,;, llit'II le 1111111 1111,il 1e Al1nl1n11, > ; le J>l11s
,~1;11,,I ,,,~1l1tt, r'<';l l'11,J,,1l't' cl,n11l1cs cti(!ltX 1t1c Ya1l1,,, E:,:ocle,
XXXI\', 10: 111 11(' le 1,1()Sle11l,,1ns 1>n~ clcvn11I 1111 nt1l1e clieu,
cn1 ,,,,11,, s'111,1>r1IC' .r,,l,l11x ; il csl 1111 Jlic11 j11lo11x >.
~ P~. XXII (21) . 21 : c .J'a,1111(>t1cc1ni t,,11 >111 il 111cs f1<'1es :
<'Il 11J,,i11e nsse111l,lc je le l<>t1c11,i : vo11s (Jt1i c1uig11cz Yol1,v,
lc111cz-J..e >.
- l~~oclc, x,r, 2 : C '\'111,,,, C'SI lllll f<lrec el 111()11 cl1n11t ; n 1111
je tc,i~ 111n clli,,1n11rC'. Il C!'\l 111<>11 l)ictt el je le glorifie, le l)ict1
cIc 111 Oil )) tc c I j c l'ex n 11 c >.
( 8 !l) Sc,,, r.t X. 10 :?.

(!lO) /fti,t. 112.
( !J 1) l l> id.. 113.

LA GUERRE Ml~OINOISB 247
b - Ce so11l ces /10111111c.1 qiti si11cli11c1,t, qr,i se prosler11e1tl

- Le vrni jt1if s~ <lfinil }lnr celle ollilt1(le. Le Jt1if, clans l'A.T.

c'est l'l10111111e qtti se 1>1oslerne. Sa prostcrnotion est le gra11,I
sig11c cxt1iC't11 clc sn so\1111issio11. Le jt1if qt1i dans l'histoire des
1cfigic,11s fl1t le 11re111ic1 n reconnnilre l't111icit (le Dict1, sa
'J,,,11lc-P,1issonce, ft1l attssi 11n1 le fnil 1111ne le prernier Sot1n1is,
le 1>1e111ic1 11111st1l1na11 <'l c'csl c11 se 1>rosle1nnnl q11'il n1nnifc-stc
s,, sot1111ission. l . . 11 p1osle111nlion <le J'A1nl>c m11s11l111nnis ne
sc1n jn111nis <1t1't1ne co1,ie <le la prosternation j11ive.
()11 J><t111nit c1ire 1111e l1isloire <le lo 1>1osler11Rlio11 (Ions
l'A.'I'., l1isl(Ji1e f(t1i 11c 111n11qt1e1ait ccrles 1,os d'intrt : c'est
(levn11t l~I-Sl1a,l(ln, Je l)iet1 tic la Monlo~11e, qu'All1ol1n111 se
1>1,,sle111e, (~c11i~se; XVII, 2-:J : c Je s11is l~I-Sl,n,l(lt1, 1111,1cl1c e11
11111 1>1is(11cc el sois Jl~11fi1it .J'li,l,lis 111011 nllio11ce e11l1e 111>i
~I lc,i C'I je l'nc-(~1cail1ni cxl1f111e111cnt. Al,rnl1n111 to111l>n la fncc
tc,11t1c lc11c t!l l>ict1 lt1i 1>1111,, > ; voi1 1,,1ssi (icnse, XVII, 17;
l:xc,cl(' IV, :11 : XII, 27 ; XXIV, 1 ; XXXIV, 2 ; Lvil. IX, 21 ;
Nt>111l>1cs, XIV, !i, XVII, 1().
()11 ~c ,,,ostC'111e t>nt 1s1J<'<'l clC'vn11l leM l1lcs Cftl'on refll
c, 1 (r11 'cl 11 , C' 11 I 11, , 11 o 1c t . ( ( ; r ,1. X , ' 11 I, 2 ; X IX, 1) ; .J n col> s c 1l l os-
l <' 111 c ,1,,,,n11l ~()lt f1~1c t:.~nii, ((;<.11. XXXIII, :1>; voit c1ttssi il1i,I.,
!i-(i : l~snii co111t1l ra ln 1<'t1co11l1e cle .Ji,c<I, il le c 111il tl,1ns ses
lltns, l11i clc1nnn l'nccolnle rl plct1ra. I .. orsq11'il levn les yettx el
t'il vil IC's f(111111cs ('( IC's ,~11f1111ls, il clr111n11cln : c Q11i S(ltll rrttx
,111c 111 n1, li1? > .JArol) 11,011<lil: c \.(' ~ont les cnfn11l~ f1ont J)il"tl
n grnlifl 1011 servilc111. T~es R<'1vn11les s'np1>1ocl11cnt, elles el
1,,,1,s c11fal11ls cl Re 1>1,lsle111t<'11l > - LC'~ gl'rhes <1es fils le
.Jnr.cll) se 111osler11e11t clcvont ln ge,be clc .JOSPJ>II, ((1e11. xxx,1 1r.
7 : ,tc,i, a1t1ssi 111, n11l1e 1,e, il,icl, 0 et co11c]t1sion ibi<f. 10 :
Allo11s-11011s <1onc, moi, ta n1re el les fr1cs, venir not1s 1>1os-
lC'111('t n l<'t'l'C clcvnnt ,,,i > : voi1 <'TICOl"e GC'n. Xl .. 11, 0 : l~('!i
f1~1c:i le .Josc11l1 n11i,1cnt et Re Jlrostcrnrent clcve11t l11i, ln
r,,cc' ('Ollltc terre,. XT,111, 2R. 2R ; xr.,1,,, 1,1 : l\foRC' :-1e 111oc;-
l('l"IJC clc',,n,,t so11 l>en11-1>r<', l~xotlc, XVIII. 7 : c l\f<>~c se llo1ln
i1 111 1c,11ronf1e (1e son l)en11-p1e (.Jell1ro), ~e p10:\fer11A clev,,11(
l11i, 1'1,,,,l,11,ssn el, 0111~~ s'l,c 111t1lt1ellen1e11l enqt1is cle lc11r
sn11ltt, ils se 1cncli1enl n 1n tente,.
C'est c11co1e e11 se (J1oslc111011l c111e l'nclornl<'u1 etc ''nl,,,n
1c11cl SOll t\111e n Dictl ; voit Rtlr ln 111()1'( tic Jucoll, r.c,1. xL,'11,
:it : Ai1,si 1,n1ln ,Jn(~o l, S(>ll nls .T,,se1>l1 : c Q,,nn<l je scrni co11-
cI,,~ ~,v<'c 111cs )>res, ltl 111'c1111101le1n~ cl'EgyJllC cl (11 111'c1,ll"1-
1('1,1~ cl1111s le111 lo111l,cn11 >. Il rpo11clit : c .Je ferni C<lt11111c 111
11s clil >. l\fnis S(ltl 1>rc i11sisto : c Prle-n1oi se1111e11t :.,et il lt1i
21R ,4 JSf ..,\~I A n,\nE EN ~IA ACIIE - f.A GUEnnB
1,1rln sc1111r11l 11e11<ln11I <111'Js1nl se }lrosle111nit sttr le cl1cvet

tic ~111 lit >.
l~c .J11if, c'c~;I ,,ni111c11l l'l1,,111111c <111i ncl,>te so11 Die,,, le l)ie11
,l',\))11,11,1111 ri clc l\lc,sc, r11 S<' 1111slc111n11I, c11 s'nl,oissn11t <1cvn11l
S:1 1\1.,j._sll~, c-11 s"1111111ili:111t clc,n11I Sn g1nn<lc11r. l.1e .J11ir ficile
h 1:, rcligi<>l1 cf 11 llic11 lJ11i<Jt1c, est 11111st1l111on t>nr excellence.
c) l4r.s ,111is .J11if~ s,,nt cc11x (Jtti 01clonnc11t le C<>nve1111l>le
(\l i1,tc1clise1,l I<" IJl:i11111l,le, c'csl-n-cli1e, <111i sO\'C'nl clisling11cr Je
llic11 <111 l\lrtl, ncccl1111,li1 ce c111i est ))ie11, vilet" ce q11i est 1nnl
llllX ,~11:< (I{' ,~,,,,,,.l' : vc,ir ,,. l'X. 1 )lois 111, !) : C ))01111e n to11
:; C' 1\ i l C l 11. 1111 C( l 11 t. 1)1
1 1
l. i J1 ( 1(~ j l ' g C 111 C I l l ll () l t r ( 1is CC 1n C r e t ' ( 1 C 1e
l,il11 cl le 111,11 ~ ; t>s. XXXl\r, If> : c l~vilc le 111nl el fr1is le l>ien:
1ccl1crcJ1e lit J>:1ix cl 1><>111s11is-l1, > : XXXVII, 27 : c l~vite le 1110I
cl fi,is le llil'11, lt1 i,11111s 1111c l1,1l>italio11 J>(>t1t lt,t1jc,111s > ; voit
1111 s s i 1>rc, v. 11, (i- !.
tl) 14,c; ,1:1is <:1(,J'n11ts, ,c)111111c il csl r11tc>1c (lil s,111r. lX,
113 s011t cct1x c111i ol>sc1,c11t les cc,111111n11clc111c1lls cle Ynl1,v,
\'C)1 (1( 11. XX\'I. (-5 : ,J<~ 1c11el1ni ln })Osl1it 1101Jll>retl!iC
1
<0111111< les t'loilt"s ,l11 ciel, .ic l11i cl<>11 11erni loti~ C<'S J>nys cl pn1
Ir, J>(1slt~1-itt~ sr l,111i1c,11t l(ltll<~ I<'~ 11nlio11s tic ln le11e, en 1elo11r
()(' l't>l>,;~StlllCt' cl',\ l,1nfltllll <Jtl R gn1cf r
lllCS O)>SCl"\'RllCt"S, )lJC~
co111111n11,lc111<'11t~, 111c~ 1fglcs cl 111es lois > ; ,oi1 tlt1ssi 1>nr111i
le 11()1111)1'('11:< 1111l1rs lcxlcs, l~X(>(lc XI\', 8 ; xx1,r,
3-7 ; Ncllll-
l1cs X\', ,1() ; I>rt1I. IX, 5 sq. ; ,,, 1 ; ,,1,
t, t,t-20 ; VIII, 1 ; xx,,1,
16-18; XX\'11 .. 1 : XXX, 3. Sc>)'C'Z ,lonc de bo11s 111t1~1,l111n11s, <lit
le 1a1l,l,i11 n,1:-{ ,\1111,,s, ,c,11s le sc1cz <ln11s ln 111es111e oi1 vo11s 1cs-
scr11l,lc1r1. n,,~ .J,1irs 1111i n,l,,1r.1,1 Ynl,,,,, ~c 111oslcr11e11t clcvn11~
J., 11 i, ro,1 t 1<' 1, il' 11 c I v i l r 11 I Ie 11111 l, <' l o l >s c rv en l Ies c o 111111 n 11 d e-
111 C' 11 l!i i11sc1ils s111 les clC"tl~ tnl>lc.s tic ln Loi.
Sc>i~ 11111clc11I, l\l,,l111r11111ccl, cl1111s les 1clnlions tlVt"C les icl<l)-

1,rs, ~,1,lc,,,1 ~'il" ~Cllll cl( ln fn111illr. JI llC l'lll)l)Olli('lll 11ns - Ili n
lc,i. 11i nt1~ (:1<>~n11ls ,l'11clc,1(lc'1 ,~ 1>n1,lo11 n11x l11n,Jflcs. Cc 11'csf
1:1c; t,11, ,,rrnia<.', rr ,,,,11,c,i1 le' <1,t1,r1s:.,~ et 11'111>11:11li11I <111'n Ynl,,,,~
(~J:!). ~l,litc~ s111 le to1111>01l('111C'11l ,l'Al>1nl1n111 vis-il .. vis (le
s,11 1,r1c Tl1n1~. Il i1111,J,,1n le J>i11cl(,11 110111 son J>t<', h rn11sc ,1'11nc
,,,. ,,,,~s~;c q11c J)i('tl l11i n,11il fnile; 11,nis q11n11cl Al,ra1l1n111 C'ttl ln
,.,,,1if11clc cftll' sc,11 1,i-1c 11',1l,a111c)cl1111<'1nil jn111nis ses <lolcs, il se
t l t {1l111, 1lCs J>CJ 11 S Sl J1C.
(02) S1,11. IX, 11 t : 11 11(sl ,,i

,t,, 1111111,t,~ 1,i I~ c:,,,,n11ls le clc111nn-
1l11 porclon i1 ,n1,,,.~. 1111 I,~ ,\~4ic1ci:llrt11~ - f11s.c;r11t-il~ lc11r~ p1orl1rs -
:111" q,,,. ~<"~I 111:11,if,sli (.,11,t <:rc,,,,,,1~ cI ,,,, Pro1,l1tc) c111c ~<.s (Associa-
l111rs) scro11I les l,,il's ,le ln 1:-(,11111nis<" >.
LA GUERRE MfDINOISB
115. Lr 1>n1l011 q11'Allrnl1n1n implora pottr son pre ne le fut

q11'cn vertu <l'11nc Jl101nesse faite so11 pre. Quand il fltl
11101,if<'sle (pc,11r Al>1ol1n1n) <111e (s011 11re) tRit un enne111i
<le Yo 11,v, iJ se tlclnra ir1esponsable son gard. Et cepen-
tla11 t. AIJ10l1nn1 ln il 1111111b 1e cl l011gnnimc (93).
(0:1) V(lir ,,. ZAKAllfAS, op. rll, ,. 1 ; (l. 106-197 ; voir n,,~~1 !IOtlr. 16Xt s.,t;
c Ni ,os lir11~ ,le <'011~n~uinir ni vos cnrn11ls 11e vo11s seront ,,tiles n,1 Jo11r
clc ln llis11111~,tio11. Y,,1,,, 11n11rllcrn cntr~ vo11s. Sut rc QllC vo11s faites, Il
(~l tl:1i1,<)~:111I. Vnt1s n,'l'Z <'li 1111 l>cn,1 nto<lle c,1 Al>ral1a1n cl en cc11x q,,i
r1111,111 n,r, lttl. c111,,ncl il~ cli1<'nl n lc111~ ro,npnlriolc~: c No11s sorn111<'1
lr1<'!il>o1,~,,1,1,,~ clc cc q11c vo,,~ rntlcs 1, 1~~nr,t de <.-c q11e vo,,~ n,lorct r,,
,tcl,01~ ,le Yn l,,v. No11s vo11s rcnio11s, Q11'<'n11e vo11s cl no,,~ pnra l~scn l l'i ni-
111 i tir el la J1ni11c r\ lotit jnmnis, J11~q11'n cc q11e vous croyiez Yah,v ll11i-
c111c . ((~es 1ncxions 1n1111<'llrnl <le loin cl 011nloglq11emcnl lo ronvcrsntio11
c1,11<' l>ic11 ri le S<'11,c11I 011 P,11n,li~ lcrresl1r. Gcn. Il(, 14: c Pnrce q11e l11 n~
fnil rein. n1nt1(lit sol~lll <'nlre 1011s les J,cstio11x .. lotis Ica Jo11rs clc la vie :,.
J)'n1,1s fit.AC:IIHnB, l,t! Cornn. t. Ill, p.11()6. unn. 115, ~c vcrscl 115 scroil trs
i111,,,,1(nnl, rnr Il tol,lit, 11nc fc>is cle plu~. que l'lslor,, ot,olil les lie11s n,cc~
If\ f:{1c,111)c tril>nl, pri1nor1llnl1x clnns lo sorit nral>c, nvont Mnl1or11et >. C'<'~l
11l:lt"'r ,, ,,n lcxle ctes Acles t111c lmporlnnre qtt'il n'n vrni1ncnl pns. Cr vcr~cl
,111i rn1lP<'llc 11n (ait rlc la Jlllrolt1rc Jt1lvc o sl111plcr11ent pot1r l,11t (Ir 1110,,-
1,tr c111r l<s lien~ ,le l>Atcnt ne pc,1vent se molnlcnlr levnnl l'Jnfldlil ; Je
rnl>l,i 11 11ot1s fion 11e jci l'cxe111ple tl' A1.Jrnl1a111 cl <le son pre Tl101.
1(). - )..,,\ ~l()S()lll:1: IJISSI 1>1.N Il~.
N,,11s 11,c,11s tx11111i11i cl1111s 1111 ,c,ltllltc 1,rctll'lll - (l. Ill, ljiv.
,1, <l1. III, T~,, ,1/,,."'J''':" ,,,,,r,> -- les 1n iso11s ,111i (llc1111i11rc11t le
1,,t,l,i11 i, 1>>s<1 11, l nt1<l:1lc tl ,,l,.sli11nlicl11 les ja1lc111s cl'1111 Jsl11111
i11tl<~1,c1,clr111l clr.' l(llll<' tli1t"l'Il11 jlti,e 1,olili<ttl(' ; sc11le, J,,
1t'ligi(>ll
tl'ls1.,l ,le,i1il g11iclr1 lcs ,\ 111llcs. n11a1lc1gi(111e111('1ll, c,,111111C' elle
i!tli<l1,it ls .J,,ir".tl111<11<' ,:t<c ,lc,n11t ,,l,i1 il sts 1,1<l1>res cl1tf!i. A
l\lclitl<', cl<''i J11ifs, i1111,:11c111111r11t cle 11l11s c11 1,l11s 110111l>1('1tx, 11e
1,11cli1,11I 1>r1s i, 1c~r,gi1 c.c,11l1c ll's i,les c t~vol11lil11111ni1t's > <111 r11l>-
l1i11 ; tll,,1s 'fit(' cr clt111iC'1 S<' l<'llnil Nl1iclc111('11t s,11 le le11nin reli-
J~CllX, 1,,111 11,,1111>1~ ,le ses t,,1ligi<ln11ni1es s<' 111,111l1nic11I sot1ciel1x
clc 11r1lic111a1lis11lt' 1>1115 ((tlC' cle 1cligic111. Le cl1c,c l'loil i11vilnl,Je. Il
se 1>1c1(lt1isil, cl Ir" i\clr.~ cl, 11.~1,,,1, 11011s en <l01111c11t <le li11g<'s cl1os.
I~~ 1,1of,111I i,1,l,1g111is111c clcs cl{'tlx 1n<cs en (l1ise11cC' s')' 111n11ifesle
,J,, Jll11sic111:, f:t(_'c,11s : <I<' li, ,,,11l ,lrs .f11ifs, ('n 1cf11sn11t (le 1<'ccvoi1
ll's :\ 1,11,rs 11111s11l111:111ist\s <l:111s l(t11s sy1111g,1~11es ; en 1e111otl1a11t
:111 1,,l,l>i11 cl'.1,c,i1 li,1<' i, l"Cllc 1a1c(' 111111isa1l,lc la, 'J"t11n, cl c11 se
111,,,1110111 clC!i 11111'it1l111;111ist's ;
,1,, 111 1,1111 .t,s 1\111l,<.'s, ,1,,1,,,,.,1 1101 le cle 1ccl'Vt>i1 le
1lf11s
(:o,,,1, S()llS ,, . ,:,1r\l(' ffll(' ('f' 11'(-;I r>n'i 1111 I . . i,,,.(' s~1i11t rvt~l ,li1cc-
1r111c11I 1111x ,\1:,I,<~. 1111,i-.; 1111x .J11irs ; c11s,1il~. l<1sc111'ils s'n1lct\oi 4
,C'11l Jttr, s111 le 111:111 1rligir11x, le 111l,l)i11 ll't11 fnil 10111 ,le 111111e
:1<c,,1,11,li1 1111 11,,~1i~ i11rs1,~1t~, tI r111c <.e 1,1f>g1's 1cligict1:-< les
111t,1~ ,r,s t111 1,1,,g1is J>f>lilic111f' 1,:11 l'1111(>ll l~s ltil)tts, t111io11 q11i
l,,11 1,c1111ell1:1 1111 j<,111 cl'11l,11tl1t', tl:111s Il' llc,lj:,z, l'l1~~111c,11ic llros-
,,,,,r <'I fl(,1ic,si111I ,lts rf1111111111:111ls j11\' Cs .. les J\1i11,cs, 111~111c s'ils
,1l11I cl':1l"('f11(11,0111 11'11,lc11('I" flll(' )'11l1,,l'. ,011s11i1c11t ,~011l1e le <~orah.
lr11lc11I cJ,, 1~ cl(~fi~t1rC'1. ~n1><'11t l'i1ttl(>1ilt~ clt l\lll1n111111etl ,tc11i1c
lcr1t1cl ils nt>l'1~<1i,t'11I I<' .l11if (flli <.'f>111111n11lc 1~1 111n11cc11\'t'C. C:',,st
lc,11lr l'l1i~1,,i1<' ,lcs ll~1111,1il~ (IC' l\f~cli11c, cll>lll 11c111s n,'<lllS clji1
"i.~~1111lt~ l'i1111>r,1li111t~, ,ln,,~ 11,,11(' 1,,111e I I I. I~l fl111ln11I, ,1011s l'n1-
1IC'111" clc Sf>11 zt'lt. 1,:11 icll\11lis111c ,~ligie11,t, 1>n1 t1ln11c111c clc SC'llS 1>01i-
l i,111' .. cc .1,,ir llllllltJ'll\'l'C si l>l'll n l'11vn11tnr,e cl('S A,nl,r~. (ftt 1 il lc.11r
i1111>cs<' 1111(' n1~1111i'l:tli,,11 ~1:\rc :1 l:1,111c,J)e, 1111 jo111, I<' c fils> tc11-
lc1n cl'nc;sn-;si1lc1 ~'>11 c J><'1~ >. l..,'lsl,1111 c nrnl>c > 1,,11lc1n ,le Stl}l-
Jll;111ll'1 l'lsl,,111 j11if ~(ln fl~1c .. le srt11 Isln111 n11ll1r11liqt1c.
N1111s n-.:sislcl11~ 111ni11l11n11I n (11 1i11slnll11li,111 clcs 11111s11l111n11iss
i, J. il l\Jrrr111c. <:<'11x tic' I\J(icli11c ~- s,111l vc1111s c11 r,,,c~, ,,icls J>nt des
('flllll>I(il,~s lll<'('(lllf)SC'~. T.n J{n'l,n, ,,cllo~-(~(' c11011 (le ~('~ n111n~ <1c
c11ill111~ i11,1lilcs .. c~I 1r11<ft1c' nt1 c-1111<' cl<' \'n11,,t~. 1\lc1l1n111111ccl c-st
11,1 ~11111,I rltf'f; ,:111,,c~ ro111ll1tl ,,,,111 l11i, (\fil 11c lt1J,,1,1n Jlltl~
cl'se,1111ni~ <1'111111(' 1,,li~i,111 ,111c l'lsl,1111. "l",,111 ~si-il 11n1Fnilc111('11t
,.(t1tlt ? F;.."1-,c 111C' 1.,,,1 esl ltiC'11 (la1i1 ? l . . <'s Arnl,l'c; 0111-il~ tc,11s l,ic11
t,,1i11l1is ,,,,c t,t11 ,111il1\ 1<'ligi<'tl'it', 1,n~,.
clc lc111 1>11issi111cc, <lt~1>c11iss1111ce ol)S<)lt1e n l\lol1a111111etl, po1te-1>e1olc du robi11 ?
J:11 l>ic11, 11011. Il y a e11co1e (les 1colcilrn11ls qtti, par leurs senti-
111e11ts n11li-j11ifs exacc1l>s, ris(Jt1e11l clc lotit remettre en qt1estion.
Nl' ,i('tlll<'tll-ils t>ns (le co11sl1t1i1e 1111e 1nosque ? Dans c111el bttl ?
(~cln csl fncile tlcvi11e1. Ccrtni11s A1'nbes jt1gcnie11t sn11s llotilc
i11s11fftst,11tcs les 111cs11res J>tises J>Ol' le robl>in 1>011r sparer 1Isln111
nrnl>c <le 11sln111 j11if, cnr sot1s les 11111ltiJ)les (lil1c11cinlic,ns ln-
1,lics q11i111t n11 Li,r<", it In qibl<t, n11 lict1 <le cttlle1 restait un fo11tl
SJ>lififfllClllelll j11if :
Je Cor<1h r1'l1,il e11 effet qt1't111 <ltlJllicnla <lt1 Co1"n11 l1ret1 ;
-- ln l{,1'bn <ll>tlttnssc <le ses <lolcs <lcvenait le 1"e111ple ,t,1
~rigr1lt11 ; 111nis ce n'lnit (lRS u11c 11ot1vcottl J>ttisque, l'o1igi11e
i11111~i1111i1c <le ln l{n'e, 11011s lro11vo11s AIJ1al1a111 le p1e <les
11 1, l'C l l x .
(~es lic11s, qtti 111ltncl1~1c'11t l'l!iln111 arabe J'Isla1n j11if. rr1lni11s
11111s11l11,1111is~s nvni<'11I J)c11s les l>1iser en conslrt1isn11t t111c 111os-
ffll~<' 1()111(' llCllVC, fiOllS OllCllllC ntlncl1c jt1<l1t(flle ; t1nc lllOSC(IICC
1,111c111f'11t 1111tl)c, cln11~ l11c111cllc les 1n11s11l111nniss po11rrnie11I ir,v>-
'I'''''" Y,,11,vl~ e11 1csl1111l <liez e11x, e11 se se11tont chez ettx. l)\s c111'il
<"11 l'tlt c<>1111nissn11ce, le' t"nlJl>i11 co11tln111nn r1crgiqt1e1ne11t celle
1,1c>s<1t1rt', ~) 111l>c>le clc l'1n1111ci1>olion nrt1l>c, 111osc111e n11isible 1>0111
1
li, f<> et l'1111il clcs ficlles :
S<1111. IX, 108. Cc11x ,111 i (111l 111is (1>011r e11x) 11ne 111osc111e, 1,01
11t1isi111r.e, i1111,ii'lc.~, srl,ismc c11l1c )Ps Croyants et pi!-te, sonl
<"<ales 111lt111i ce11x <111i 0111 r,,it ln g11er1e h Yal1w el h so11
1\ J>i\l ,c, n11l1t't11t'111c11t. El (c~t1x-li,) j11rr11t certes : c No11s
11'11v,,11s vo11lt1 111c lit 1'1i-s llcllc (Rco11111ense) 1 > (l\fnis)
,n11,,, est t111,1i11. r11 v1il, CJtl,ils s<>nl cerles <les 111c11tc111s.
,:f.llc' 111<,s<111rc 1,,,1,il {,l co11sl111ile sn11s clot1lc 1>n1 cles 1\lrc-
r111<1i.'i 111i 11,nic>11l ,l'nla<>1cl fnil ln g11C'11c ro11lrc lrs 111t1st1l111011iss,
1,t1is s'(~li1iC'11I co11vc1li~. l\lnis 1>ot11 101111>1e to11t lien nvcc les .Tt1irs,
ils 11'11,1l<'111 ,,ns ,<,11111 nclc,1lle1 ln l{n'l,n ct,111111c lie11 (le c11ltc 11otrc
fit<.', cl'a11)1~s Ir~ cli1C's clt1 1nl,bi11, c'est Al,1al1a111. Je )lae tles
1lt'l,1<'t1x, <111i l'nvnil co11sl111ile ; ce1les, en 1>a1lnnl (1'Ab111l1n111, le
1:1l,l,i11 11,1,il n1is 1ncce11l ~,11 ~n q11nlil <le 1n,1.c:lim. clc llt'e111ic1
S(llllllS O ,rnJ1,\~. )l nvnil l>icn tlOllllll l>)IISiPtlrS fois Jsn1n( . lllfl~
c11 le 1,(,~n11I, 1><>111 nir1si <li,e cln11~ le n,11 clcs ijrends opl1es j11ifA
(lc>111i11~~ 1,n1 ln ngt11<' i111111e1,sc etc ~loiRc. tJ11 J>erso11nage n,,~~i
fnlc,l r111'T~1,1nl <lis1>111nissnil lolnle111<"nl (levnnl le RrR11Rl1inr-
cl1c' Al,1,,l1n111, n11cl1t~ tics lll>1c11x cl <les ,Jt1ifs. J..,'l1isloi1c <111 11c11-
tI(' ,,1,1, (l<'s .T,,irs, ne pnssnil Jlns 1>n1 Is111nl. El elle Jlntli,il c~,l~11-
cla111I el'Al,111111,1,1. I .. n 1eslilt1lio11 s11111>ose <le la l{n'Ln n11 c11llc
clc ''111,,,,tt ,,e st1fnsnit 1>0s, pot11 certai11s Arobes 111t1st1l111R11iss, h
252
1.. ISI ..A~I AnADI~ ~N llARCIIB - LA OUEJ\RB
!lt1l>li1 l'f~.111111 111n1,., ~111 ,les l)nses ,,1i1i111C'11t 11c11,cs. Si ln l{o'l)R

11,,,~1 ltt ,i1il11l,ltt11<'11I cc,11sl111ilc J>t11 Al>tn11n111, cl si ls11111l lnil
,,,11_111c11l Je 11i.1c lt's A 1111,rs, tell<' fncli(1n (le 11111s11l1111111iss 111cc-
c111c,~~ 1,cl1ln11I le 11tis111t! ;, llc.a111 ,lt' J>en11 ne se sc11lt1il 1>11s r11co1e
s11fl1s~111111e11t <:11<'1. tllc <l:111~ ce rJ'e1111,lc. ll't111e 1>01t, ces Atabcs
sc11t111c11l 111 11t"st11tt' jt1ivc .. C'tl 11ensn11l n Ab1nl1n111, 1>1c <l<s Jt1ifs,
cl'1111l1c t>ntl ils s,11l:1iC'11t lct11 1>1"l>1,1c <tttalit cle l1nln1cfs, ('Il pen-
s;111I i, ls111:1i;I, lt111 1>1e 111i,s11111.
l)i~:-; ttlt! le 1:1l,l)i11 n1>1>1c11l l'(xistc11cc le celle: 111oc;,111e, 1iv;1le
tic l:1 l{i1'l>n, il s'i11st11gc ,,i<>l(t11111c11t co11l1e elle C'I (011t1e (~c11x ,111i
!'t,111 ~lnl,lie. (:rs gC'11s-li1 nffi1111t'ttl 11s, f(tl,ils 11',,11l rrcf1C'r<l1(~ r111t! ln s11li!if11<.!tio11 <le Ynl1,v,
r111'ils r1,,i(11l r1i11~,i 111fril'1 Il" t:iPI. J.. e 1nl,l>i11, ,,,,i
co11nnil l>ie11 s<,11
IIIC)llll(, llC s'C'll l1tSSC i>flS C(llll1 : j'e11 J)l'Cllls ))PII fi l1110ll,
s't'('l"C'-1-il, tC'S gt11s-li'1 S()lll tlC'S lll('llle?lll"S ; il~ IIC l'llt~1cl1c11l c111e lit
s1>n1t1I(>11, le ~tl1is111<' t'11t,c lc'i (~1>~n11ls ; IC'tt1 111,,s<111c 11'r~t <Jt1'11n
Ji<'gc 110111 l>1i"<'1 l'1111il cltt ct1IIC', S)'111l,<llis,, 1>111 ln f{n'J,n. l\l>l10111-
111eI, 11r ,n 1>:,s 11,,,,.,,.(1 (le 111 Jll'(\sc11ci celle 111o!i<111c 1111isilalc ; elle
(si l>nlc.' Slll' I(' ~,11>1(' ('( '"(llll'C' lltlX nn11111l('S (IC' ]'E11fc.ar. l~n l{11'J,n
c"I l)rn11,cl1111 1,l11s cJig11' clc l>i, c111 elle csl fc,11clc st11 ln c1ni11lc
clc l>ie11. IJ,, l\l(>Stftl~<' li~si,J,11lc 11c sc,111, 1>>111 rc11x 11t1i l'o11t
t~l:1l>liC', <111'1111,, ><r1si<,11 le clt>11lt' ; 1111,is le ,lt>ttlc ft'tn cl11lcr lc11r
('<rt11 e11 111c>1,c1,11x ! '',1l,,,, le snif l,ic11.
IX; J(l!). (~f(al1:1111111e(I !) 11<' le' lic11s 1>11s c11 ('elle l\t,,sc111c (I<! 111
Nttisnll("(') ! {l11c lll()S(,ll('(' f<,11,lre St l l' ln t>il, cls le l)l'('llle1
jct11, <'si ('r't"I('~ 11l11s (lig11r. c111e 111 I'()) lie1111rs. En celle-ci
~-')Ill ,lrs ll(lllllll('S <111i 11i111c11l n se J>tt1ine1. ()1 Ynl1w aitnc
<.'r11x (Jt1i se 1>t11ifie11l.
11(). ,~,. (Jll() ' ,,,,i ,n11t I<~ l11('IIX ? C('lt1i ,,,,i n r()11tl SOII clince
s111 t1t.'l:1 llt'll~ l'll\'t'l'S )'111,,,, Cl (s,11 S,,11) t1g1r111c11(, (lll J,ie11
tC'l11i c111i ,, rt>tt(l sc11 t'(liflcr s11r le l>o1cl cl'1111e J,c1ge 1cl11g~c
lfll s'est 11l>lll( 'e ll\'('l' l11 tlltllS le fl~II (le l:l (~l1cn11C ? \rnll\\1
0
11c cli1igc J>t,i11I )(> J>et11>1t~ (les l11j11slcs.
11 J. J.,'r,tint,, Cfll'ls (lll( C(lll"l111il Ile cesse1n cl'r(1e l<>ttlC <'11 ICllt'S
t<~111s, n 1,1.,i,1s ttl<' lrt11!-i c111s 11e se ,1cl1ircnl (sic). Yltl1w
S Il i t I t l t 11,. C I i I CS l S O f.t C.
1:,, 111flil1111I SIII' cel r1,ist)(,(' cle ,,, lll()S(lll(t(' ,lis~itlr11lr. llflll!i IIC
,,,,,,v,11s t\,,lcr clc 11,,lf't" 1111r. 11lsra,i,li(,11 l n1>il1,lc 1>c1111 111 s11l<' clc!-1
0
,,,,t"~1,c111,11ls. A11 r,11 C'I i, lll('Sllf'(' ((IIC le 11,l,l)II ,,,,,,1tlrl1' .,., 1,,11,
1111 cl,1111,lc 1111,11,f'lll('llf s~ clcssi11C' : )e!i J11irs, cl'tlll(' 1>a11I, Rl'llll>Jc11t
se cll1tcl,c1 cl(' 1>l11c; t'n lll11s ,lt' l'a11>o~l<>lnt <ltt 1ttl>bi11 ; 011 n l'i111-
J>ressit>ll, n ln fi11 clc~ Acles. qtt'il 11'csl pltts sot1lenu pnr beet1coup
<le S<'~ co1ligio1111ni1e~ ; il sc111l,lc ntt cc1ntroire que, pet, peu.
l1,t1s se st,11t 1ltncl1s tic 1,ai JlOttt se rcgrot1t>c1 n,1tour de ceux q11c
11c,11s nvo11s a1>11el~ c les ttllrn >. J.,c 1al,bi11 est un l101nme se11l ;
t111 l)o111111e qtti va <le l'avn11t, et <Jtl se 111oqt1e de l'o1lprobation de
ses n1nis. 1>ot11vu qtt'il nit ln conviction <l'accomplir t111c grande
,1,,1e, <le ralise1 11ne 1nission digne dtt Dieu d'Isral. Soutenu 1>or
S(ln se11I 7.le et sn foi, il i1a j11s<Jtt'au bo11l, avettgl par le scttl
1,10l)l111c 1cligiet1x, sn11s s011po1111e1 11n instant que son. entreprise
1><>t1111l se sol<ler 11nr 1111 111nssncre <le J11ifs.
Citez Jrs Arabes, (l'at1f 1e pa1t, 11lt1s l'lsl1,1n s'affirme, s'orgn-
11isr, gn~11e <1t1 tc11ni11 1 J>lt1s let11 effo1t tic (lgngen1ent de l'c1t, ..
J>t"ise j11iv<' se foit senlir. Ils ne ,,e,1lenl st1p1>01ler at1c11ne ingrenc~
(li,ccle <l<. s ,J11irs s111 let11 co111mt1nn1tl. Le rRblJi11, q11i l'n l1s l>ir11
C<>l)llltis, n t>lnc ~lol1n111111e(l devant ltti co1nme 110 J>nraver1t e11 I(~
1>1c,cln111n11I 01,t1e (le Ynl,,v. C'est Mol101n111ed, no11 tin Jt1if,
111'>11 (,l,'il I l~es lly1,oc1ilcs, les ricl1es, les Arnl>es inflttents, 11e s'y
l:1issc1011l Jlns p1c11<l1c ; ils l,iniscror1l ; ils potiente1011t ; le 1al>l>i11
11'csl J>ns ~lc111cl 1 1.:1 l\1<>11t1111111e() no11 Jllt1s I E11 altencln11l, ce J11if
<'sl c11 t1ni11 clc f<l1ge1 l't111il 01nl,c. Ce 11'est pns dtt te1nps perlt1.
l .. 11 ctfnli,,,, d't111c 1n,,s(Jtl<~~ tlissitlr11lc 11'est qt1'11ne 1nanifestolit>11
ir1lc1111>cslive1 11ne 1>n1111i <l'n11t1es, <le l'effort a1al>e pot1r se dgoger
<I<~ l't1ei11le j11ive ; l'effo1"t ll'11ne faction, mais effort considt
sa111s ,lcl11lc avec J>laisi1 J>n1 les on1bitiet1x qui, 111prisn11t ce 1>Rr-
,,e11t1 ,le ~1o11n111111e<I, so11l ent1s 111(>IIC'111e11t (lnns le 111ot1vement,
r11 nll<'n(lnnl ]c11r lt<'t11e. I~,, cn1lnnl prC'111ploi1e1nc11t lo 1nosqt1c
(lissile11tc n11 sC'11I IJt.'11nce <le ln J{o'lJo, le robl>in n cependant s111>-
1,ri111 1111 grave (lo11ge1 ,te scission, et il a consolid la base e
l'lsln,n.
Pnt la s11ilc, les A1nl,es Jle~v1ero11t (Inn~ Ie11r volont <l'n,1-
l<>tl<>111i,~. l~l 1111 jo11r, c'est le (:o,nl, lt1i-111nte <Jt1i <lis1>n1Rttra. Not,~
1,011,,c,11s 1is,1t1er ici 1111c lt)'l><lll1se. llnn~ ,,n l,c,ri?.on 1>lt1s ot1 tnc,in!il
1,1c,cl1P, n1>1s ln 111(lt'l <111 1nl,bi11 et cle Mol1a1n1nerl, 110,1s voyo11!C se
114,filer ln fo1n1i<1nl,Jc csc1oqttt'1ie (l'Oll1n,a11 el con~orl~. Le Cornh.
i1,ln1>ln.lio11 0101.>e clc ln 'l'ora, tnit 1111 docu111cnt con1Jlromette111 :
ce 11'esl fln~ nvC'c a <1t1'011 1>ot1vnil p1ot1ver les c 1vlntions > fni-
lr~ 1n1 Ynl1w n 11n cl1n111Plier a1nl>e I Il n'y avait al,solttmc11t rie11
(le s1,citl,111e1nc11 l n1nl>c cln11s le Corab : rien qt1i se rnp1>orl t
l\fc,l1n111111ecl, IJn l\fcc,111e, n Mcli11t~, ln co11ve1sion des A1ohcs.
'1'0111, n,1 c>11l1ni1e, y ~lnit spcin<111emrnt j11if, et sans a11c,1n rn1,-
1,,,1I J,i~lo,i<ttte nvcc le~ v11e111e11ls d11 lle<ljoz ett VII Ricle cl~
11cl1c ~1c. I .. ~ s<'11I 111>)'<'11 cl'cn1ter cr. l111oln gnn,1t <le lo jt1(lni-
s11lic,11 cl<'!-1 A,,,l,cs l11il ,1,~ le c11111011flcr soig11e11se111e1tl, 011 mie11x.
tl~ I<' clctt111i1c. ().t1'nvnil-011 li fni,e cl'1111 livre qui 11e s'ndrr~~1,il
flt1't111x .J,,irs, el (111i 11e rnco11tait <Jt1e des l1isloires jt1ives 7
2:i 1
J.ISl,t\1'1 AnArtE EN ~IARCIIE - LA GUERRE
lll'sli,it le Ji,1(', ,,11 J>l11s f'xncle1,1r11I les rc11illt~I~, cJes Arle., ,le
l.~l,1111, telle cla1,l11ic111c clcs t>1i~i11es ,le l'l!ilo111 cl1cz lc's Ar11l,e~ cle
14:1 l\lcc111<.' <'I clt ~lttli11c. C.<' li, 1,, ~lnil n11ssi 1111 l11t<>i11 (le la 1>1'
1
<li(1,lil>II j11ive, 111:,is 111(li11s t1,1111,1<1111<'lln11I qt1e le 1>1"c111i('1. Sn

fc,111tl' 111111c 1>1>11,11il 1,1i!lc1 i1 re,11f11si,,11, cl l11issc1 <'l'(1i1e r111'ic.i 011
1
lit C l'lnil l1i<'11 ,n11,,t' 'l''i J>n1lnil i, l\lol1n111111e,t. Ai11si 1>e11st1il11l, l11
111,,i11s, l<s ,\1:11,rs ,111i s<' li,1~1-l'ltl i, tetle 111n11,r11v,.. e, en <'(>1111>tn11t
~;111 l'ig11()l"Oll('C J)Cl"S(~,1n11(c cles IC'Cl( t11s jtlSCJll'i, lit
1 n,,
<111 tll()ll(IC.
l't,111 1trc1oil1c f'll('(lt'c' ln Cclrtf11si,,11 <IC' ce texle el tll(>t11ngcr qt1i-
<"tl11c1t1r cl'e11 n1,<1c,,c)i1 le SC'Jt~ cxncl C'l l1islt,1ic111e, ils se liv11<'11t
:1 1111 cn1n111l>ol:1ge ~:l11s ll(l111 : ils a1Jigr1<'re11t les cl1a1>il1"es, les 1111s
:11,1i,s les 1111t1f's, tr, <ca111111c11~r111l 1n1 les 1>l11s l<>ttgs cl C'll r<,11li1111n11t
:1i11si 1,111 ,,,. ,,.( ,1,c1c,isc;1111I, lllt~l:1111~r;111l 111r111(' les vr1srls ,l,s \lllS
:1,,,c cc11x (lrs i1t1l1('s, s21r1s 1111<.1111 sc,11<i le cl11,,11talcli~ic 11i cl<' lc,gi-
r111r. C:'t;t:,il lllll' 111"<' ,l'i111l,t',ilcs, 111nis ,,llt' 1<~1,s'iil. fll1isc111c lc111lc~
1,s g1n11cl~s 1cligi,111c; cl11 l,:1"si11 111c,,1itr11,111,;l'II 11,?11i~11l lc111 l . i,,,c.
il f:1l,11il l1it11 1' lf's J\1:1l>C'S 11i<.11I lt~ IC'l11 f Jlt'lt(l1,11I 1111 Ct'1l:1i11
l,1111,s, ils 11'C'11 a,,.1il 11I (>ns t'll cl':1l1l1t' 'Jtte l'a1,l:11lll1li<,11 <'Il n1nl1e <lt1
1
l.i,1c j11ir, le (:o,,,/,. !\l:1is a', 1,1c''S('lll (ftl'il~ RV(ll'lll IC's lllOllS lil)l'C'S,
,,,1:,111 cl("l,:111,,ss,~ cl(s .J11irs. ll'S s11<C('SSC111~ t1r l\l(ll1n1111n('(I lie
1l11,:1f'11t, l1c,1s tic l',\1:11,i,,, C'xl,il>C'I' tc>111111r J>(.'t'C l'i(lc11lilc.~ 1c,li-
gir11"'', <'cllr :1f:11>l11li,l11 le l:1 1',>1:1, clll (:<11111 l1i'l>1r11, 1111i, 1sclle- 1( 1
111<'11I c.0111111 1 l.,t1 ;(11111<', ('I s111lc>11t 1>11s lf's .J11irs C'I les tl1rlit11s c111i
1
Jt1111l:1ic11l l'l t111,i1 p 1,,111:111-ll~7.1111li11, 11' SP sc1nit lniss l,e111er

1
.\11<1 1>1,,,l:1111l'I' ,l:111s c'<' 111(111,1< -l:'1 flll<' Ynl1,,-i. ,c11nil, 10111 1~cc111-
1
11tt'11t, ,le 1<;,rl(1 1:, J\il,I<' :', l\l<,l1:1111111c,I cl ,le 1:, lt1i ex1,lic111c1
1:1i<I' ,111 1,1111111cl. f'til s11stil~ 1111 gign11lcsq11c i'tl11t tle 1i1e ! l~es
.\ 1.1l,cs s'nrl1:1111i1c11t cl,-.1,c il f:1lsifi,r lc11r nclc elC' 1111issn11ce C<>11-
lt'1111 tli111s le sc11I li,tl' r111'ils 1,,,11,:,iC'11I cxliil>ct : l<s Ar.te., ,le 1,.~._
/,,,,1. (:<,111111c IC' 1:1l,l,i11 11c l11i ,1,itil 1>ns ,lcl111,,? (le 110111, ils 11 ctt1cnl
1
111c\111<' 1>:1s ns~<'7. ,l111:1gi11i1lil)II 1><>111 l11i <'li 11011,c,1 1111 f11igi11nl. Ils
1:11>1>clrC'11I c /, ,:,.,,111 >. ))11 ,.,,,ilt1lalc l . . i111r li1r <'c11111>(lSt~ llftt
lt 1:al>l,in, ,lt1 ,1:,i (:,,11111 ,111'ils ,1,t1<'11t ,tt111il 011 fi,il (lis1>n1nit1e.
il" 1Jt' gi11,li1r11I ,111(' l't\(ic111<'llc <'c.1ilc 11,,,. le 1nltl,i11, cl il~ J,,
r,,ll-
,.('lll s111 l'nsst'111l,l:1qt' i11f<,1111c <'l ~,,,,,i,le cl<! lexl<'s ,111'ils vl't1nic11t
''" llt'< <llr1. I . . 'ig11,11n11tc i11,l~r1,,11nl,lc cle ln 111nssC' n,nl,~, et Je
0
tl<'"11lc.'1'C'ssc111r11I lcllt1l clcs tl<l11-n1,1l,cs 1,rl11r 1111e rf'ligio11 clo11l le

,lc,~!lllt' 1111ic111C' 11',1,:,il nl>sc,l11111c'11t 1'11 cl<' 11c>11vcn,1 (!) (). f111c11t les
1111xilini1cs cl(' lr1 1c,11c1ic lrs lcl111lifC's c.1~ lclttl ntnl,il fll~ fl1111l t)tlt
1<11<'~ clr~ tl1igi11<'", 11e l(\\'nic11l 1ic11 i!!1101c1 (le ln 1nlil'.
f ~r, l1n,litio11 111nl,e n l(lltl f11il 1>c,111 111i11i111isc1. ,,<,i1~ 1>0111 1111t~n11-
li1, I<' Stlt1,c11i1 cl(' 1,, 1,1c',sc11cc j11i,t' i', ~l cli11c 111~11,c. c A lll"<>1>os
(91) S;,11~ t,,1,11,tc1 ,111, Ir~ ~t11,i,~ tl\l 1Ci<'t1,lo(:o,;l11 1,t' ,l,,nic11I 1n~ ro,1-
1ir ll'S fUC'~ f

I..A GUEl\l\B lttEDINOISE 255
(l'Is1nt.:I >, crit Ln111111c11~. c les n1111alcs <1e Ln ltfcrr1,1e se 1nont1enl
c11corc plt1s S<ll,1cs t1c 1c11seig11c111c11t~ <111c ln Sira. La lendnncc
~11t\111J,~, JJrr.sq11e 1111 11101 ,1,,,cl1e, s<'111l>le <le su1>1>1i111er, to,1l le
111oi11s l'nll1111e1, le 1le tic )A /)ia:,J)<>tct. L'l,istoi1c (le M<line 11011s
1tt11nil clferl le 111111c 1>l1110111nc, si elle n'nvnit d se 1>roccl11>cr
cle co111111c11l<!r 011ectl<)liqt1c111c11l IC's 1>l1ili1>1,iq11cs anlijttives co11-
sc1v<'s (l,111s les ,,,olixes so,1111les 1>osll1gi1ienr1es >. (lJ'Arnbi,?
Oc<i,lr11/,,lr. n1,n11t l'llgirc, J>. 0-1). Cf\lle co11spi1nlion (lt1 si)enrc s11r
ln 1>1sc11cc (l<'s Jt1ifs DltX lie11x n1111cs oi1 naqt1it 11slnn1 arabe
s'i11sr1i1 1>n1f11ilc111enl tln11s 111 lig11e <les efforts rpts, tents po1
Jes 11111st11111n11s po11r se lil>tC'r <les J11ifs, 11ot1r c ro111pre leur~
i1111n11e~ . li <'Rl nssf'z siu11ificnlif <111c cc co1111>lc>l se relrot1vc cl,ez
l('S c-0111111<'11fnle111s 111t1st1l111n11s q11i c1ivi1cnl J>lt1sict11s centnir1e~;
(t111111?<'S i11>1i-s les v11e111,:11ls. lis 11c 1>n1le11l <les J11ifs <Jtte 110111
cx1,li(fl1t1 :\ l',,i,le (le 1,,,1,s l1islo1iellcs les veascts n11li-j11ifs -
c,11 1>1t\lr11,l11s l<'ls ---. t~<,11lr1111s clnns ll'S cl1A1lil1cs 1n(lir1ois (les
A,1,,.~ ,Ir 11.~1,,,,,. l\l11is h l'<~t>,<llll' ,,,, <.'e:i l,i~l<>1ie11s-10111011cic1~
vi(\1111e11I l,,e1sc1 l<~111s lo111l)t\1cn11x cle fn11laisics sur les 1>oges <l<'S
A r Ir s. 1' n C I i() l l ,~ () 1l j l I g ' ' C ( 1(! s f Il l' s s n i 1. Cs e t (1l I t e1111l s a (1 j n r 1) Rl l l 1t 1
l'c,111>1i s111 1cl1i~i11e <I<' 1Isl11111 nrnl>e. )~11 t111 se,,s, les rlifll1ibes n11li-
j11i,,<'s (~1:1ic11t U<'11:111f('<;. 1111iscrt1'el)C'S ol,ligC'nie11I 111nlgr to,tl 0
1cc<,111111il1<~ 1nclivit, el (l(>11c ln p1l~S<~1,ce, <le J11ifs M(li11e. I.. c
sill'11cc, 1,11rf:1itc-111e11l t,l,se1, 1111 s11jcl <le Ln l\lecqtte, lle,nit l,c
1,,1111>t1 i111 st1jel (le l\f,li11e. l\Ir,is il 11e fnt1l 1>ns 011l)licr que ces <li11-
l1il)<'s f111c11l lts t1lilC's, c11 ttll n11l1c sc11s, nt1x Atol>es c1t1i jt1slifl-
1c11l 1>1t1 li, lc11r ocl1n111c111e11I co11l1c les Jt1ifs J>n1tot1l oit ils IC's re1, ...
c<>11t1-1c11l i11slnllrs en C<l1111111111a11ls 1>1c>s1>t'es el 1>>liliq11c111c11t
i11flt1<'11les. J.. e111 1ncis111e i11llile n l1011v <ln11s ces cl1n1,it1es ltr1
1,li111l'11t <t 11'ils 11'<>11l 1>11s e11c<>tc lo11l fait tlig1.
()t1i, c11 111clil1111l les (le111ic1s versets cle~ Ar.le., de l'lsla,n, c1it~
1>nt 1111 Jt1if J><lt11.. so1li1 les A1nl,cs cle lettr c1nsse sculaire, Jlot11
lc111 rni1e J>111tngc1 1,, g1ftce, 1111iq11e 0~1 1nonclc, <l'ttne Ilv)ntion
l<>ttl le~ e11fa111ls <l'lstnl l1tie11t les <l1,osilaires p1ivilgis, not1s
1>c11s(>t1s ,,,c<~ n111('1t11111c <111'il <'SI 1>111fois 1lnr1ge1et1x cl 11f11stc
cl'nc<:(>1le1 r111t'l<111c l,ic11f11il i, <les sols, ig1101n11ls et 01g11cillc11x. ()11
11'c11 1cct1C'ille <(lie <lt~ l'i11g1nfilt1cle.
1~11 c111clc11t('S J>l11n~es <1t1i 0111 cl(\ ~lrc 11ro11onces et cril<'R ver~
111 1111 clcs ,1,lrt.,, fll>t'<'!i le 1c lot11 n l .. n ~lec<111e, le robbi11 se 1jo11il
(le ,1i1 c111c ses 111t1s11l111,111is<ts c>11t 1111c r.,i ,:Joli,le face Alix l11f1,l-
l<'~. A Jl1sc111. il lc111 i, l>11l (l01111~. 11 11'0 1>lt1s ric11 t1essc11licl i,
lt111 111,1>1c11<ltc. Cc St>11l <le v11,is 111t1st1l111a11s 1
c A11j,,111,l'l111i, crt1x (I II s011t i11fl<lle~ clRespre11I (le (votas

111rr1cl1~1) it Vt>l1e 1cligio11. Ne les 1e(lot1lcz 1>os, 111ois t"ello11-
ll'z-l\loi 1
250 L'1su~1 ARABE EN )(ARCIIB LA GUERRB
A11jo111<l'l111i j'ni 11a1ncl1ev votre religio11 et vous ai accord

l\lon e11tie1 l>ic11f nit.
J'og1e 1>011r v<>t1s l'lsl11n1, co111111e religio11 > (05).
Ces Jlo1olcs <le Ynl1,,,, vi<le1n111ent, pnsscnt con1n1e lot1jo11rs,

<l:1ns le livre ,les ,tric.,. 1>a1 ln llot1cl1e ,111 rol>l>in. J. . e 111uilrc a for1n
(les isci1>les rcr111cs cln11s let1r f <1i ; l'lsla111 a1nbe est e11 111orcl1e ;
ce11x qt1i <lc111c,11t't1t tln11s le Cl1cn1in (le Ynl,,v, les C1oignants-
l)ie11 1>et1ve11t nllc1 nvrc confin11ce. Ils 11'011t 1ie11 redouter de
1>e1sonne, cnr l)ictt sct1l est rc<lot1lable en s011 J11ge111ent 1
A cet e11lie1 l,ie11fnit > <Jt1i lettr vie11l <les J11ifs, les Arabes
111,111<l1011I, c1L111s 1111 1,1ocl1e o,e11ir, Jlttr lies 1Jie11fnits <l'ttn nt1l1e
ge111c 1
(95) So,1r. V, 11 fl.,.

f:<'4' ''<'~cI~ 11r ~o,,I ~,,1r111ct1l Il:,~;, l<'ur plnrc clnns
Ir to11lC'xlc rlr, clr.t oit il!'\ ~r 11011,<'ttl nrl11cllc111cnl.
11. - Nouvr~ux c1,1s 01~ <iUt~1,1,s.
l ..'i11(i<lc11t <le la n1osque tlissi<le11te (OG), qt1i nvait asso1nri 1111

i11sl1111t lit j(>ie <ltt 1al>l>i11 n1,1s so11 relot11 Ln Mecque. avait t
1,rc,1111>le111e11t 11,1in1e. El ln sou1nte IX, qt1i not1s a fourni tn11t
cl'lC'111e11ls i11co1111t1s s111 le <lvclo1>pem~nl <le l'Islam a1abe, fi11il
1>111 clc 11<>11velles cxl1<>1lolit111s 011 co111bnt co11lre les Infidles. Le
1nl>l,i11 s'11cl1(~sse nt1x l1al>iln11ls cle Mdi11e et aux Bclottins pot1r
llJt1sc111e1 1111e f<>s (le J>lt1s lrs 1>oll1011s el les paresseux qt1i se
111clll't1I n l'nb1i 1>c11<lu11l <Jttc les at1l1es co111Lnllc11t. Vo11s ne cleve1.
1>ns, lct11 <lit-il, 1csler e11 n11i1e de l'A11tre de Yal1w. Ne recl1er-
<~l1cz 1>os ,l'nl,otd vos aises J>e1s01111clles : ln pre1ni1e place, cln11s
\'(>S cccttrs n1>1>a1lic11t h l)ict,. D'nille11rs, <Jue crnigncz-vo11s ? Ne
sn,,ez-votl!-l 1>1ts <tttC' ,ln1~s le (~l1e111i11 <le Ynl1,,,, vo11s n'at11ez crni11 ...
<l1e 11i fnlig11c, ni foi111, 11i soif ? Cl1t1c1111c <le vos conqttles excilc1u
c<>11l1e V<>llS, sn11s 11111 cl<lttle, ln col1c <les l110les. ~1ais sot1ve11eT.-
V(>11s Cftlt' l<>ltl('S \'<>s nclic>11s so11t i11sc1ites tln11s Je livre <le vie. Cl111-
111c s11ccCi ~111 les iclolt1es se1n n1orc111 votre co1111>le. Yal1,,,
11'c>11l,lic jn111nis clc 1,~t1il,11c1 ce11x c111i r~e st1ivcnl. Ynl1w o l>on11c
111ir11c,i1c. \'<>lis 11c f<rcz 1>>t11 l . . 11i ntt<~1111c (lt~1,en~c, petite 011 g1onclr,
,,c,11s 11c r11,11cl1i1ez ntt('t111c~ v11lle, s1111s c111c ccln soit 1><>1l b vc,l1c
<t~(lil. Y:111,,<.'~ v<>tls 1cc,1111>c11sern J><>ltr lc>t!l cc <Jtte vot1s aurez f1til
(le l>('II. (IX, 120-122).
l>'i1ill(t11s. nj<>t1lc le 1a,l,l,i11, il 11'est 1n~ ncessaire <111c lotis les
(:1(,~'i111I~; S(' ln11cer1l c11 ci11111>ngt1<'. Il y Il 1111e nttlre cn1111lng11C' :'t
111<'11('1". a111ssi i1111,,,1ln11tc 111c ln g11c11c co11t1c les l11fl<l'les : c'<'sl
l'i1,sl111clicl11 1C'ligic11se. J.,'<\ssc11liel est cl'n11ncl1cr les Atol,es n l'i~ll1-
l:'ll1i<~ cI ,le les n111c11l'1 n11 l)i<t1 <l'ls1nl. La guc11e est t111 1110Jrn
1><111 l'c,l1tc11lic,11 ,Je cr. l,t1I ; 1111 111c1)en 1111>i<lc <'f rA<fic11l 1>0111 Ir~
1t~<1tl(il1,111ls (ftti 11c vet1le11l 11ns co1111>ren,l1e. Mnis 011 pettl e11 co11-
l.<'\'tli1 t111 tlt1l1c, <lil le 1a1l,l,i11, J>l11~ (li1ecle111c11t n1>osloli<Jt1r, 1>lt1s
rc,111111lt't11 f'I (litas <li<lncti,r11e ; c'est <l'tablir t111e classe co1nni<111c.
()11 J' 1,(ce1,tc1nil qt1elc1t1es ll<lo11ins, pris 1>n11ni les <livers cln11s ott
l1il>t1s, cl <>11 les i11st1t1i1nil clc ln 1eligion (!'Isral. 011 leur 01,p1e11-
(!tfi) s,,J(ltl ln trorlilio11, li ~n~i,nil 41c lo ,,,osque <le la QahA t n. Ilt.A-

c:11f.:1,1!, le <:,,1cr1,, 1. Ill, fl. 1 ffl 1. ,,,,,,. fltt v. 100 : c Ne r>o1111nft.il pns ~i1n-
lllrt11t1\l s'n,:tir clc ln G1n11(lr 1'losc1t1ff), celle fo11cte par P.tol,osncl ? >
(..)11"llt' rst ,1,,11t' ccllr c {i111111lc ~lo~qt1rr > ? - Voir n11s:c;l 01.Ac11t'<na, Lr
Pr,,l,/,\11,r, ,,. 122, c111i 1c.l\ C' I(~ <livn~nlion~ 1,n,lillonncllc-5 : c Les c-0111-
1
111c1tl11lct11s 1,011111,cnt louJot1rs r r s11nclu,1i1c c IR l\losc111e e la Nuisnncc >,

ri nfot1ltnt q11'il n,a,nll rl6 c--,l11st1,1il s,11 Ir, 3uggr~lio11 <l'un missionn11irc
cl11lil'II, sc,i-clisn11t <-<>11vr11i, <111i nt1rnil ~Jot1rn n ~fcline cl v lnit rc,r1111
n1,1s 11,1 ~Jt11 en S)'1ir. l1'11 c l,n111r111r,,1 ri ln l1fltc qu'a11ral1 nnporf<' le
,,,.,)J>l1ll! ;, rnirc incr11<lic1 <cl ic 1n<,s<111-c (si<') ,ls sort rclo11r ,le Tnt,,,11k
s11~!~i_.r('1nic11I <111'1111 ~,.l1is111e se ~crnil rl,11111, Il 1.f,linc, vers ln fin clc 030,
clonl la ..:1n,il 11c sc1nit 1,ns ,1 1,1>n1uc lottl cle s11ilc lt Mnl10111ct (sic).
17
_,,
.,.-g
J., ISI.AM AllAISli ~N IJAI\CIIE - LA GUEl\RB
(111,it cl cx1,lic111c1,,it Il' Coral,. U11e fois i11struits, ces

011 lt111
lit~<l<>t1i11s 1c(t111111,1,,ic11l cl,,11:1 lc111s ltil,11s cl <levic11(ltoient let11
l1,t11 clcs i11sl111lll't11s J>(1l11 c!II,~, clcs zl,1lct11s tle l'lslo111. Avec
tlle 111ll1t>tlc1 il csl 1,1(111,11,le c111'<111 111ssi1uil st1sciler des Cr11i-
g11:,11ls-l)ictt :
IX, 12:~. l .. cs (:1t,)'1111ls 11'c,11t t>ns h se ln11ce, <i11 cn11111ng11c en

t,11,lit. l>t,111,111,,i, ,le cl1:t(J11c f1nctio11 1>n1111i ettx, 1111 g1ou1>e
11c se lt111lc111it-il 1,,,i11t 1<,111 s'i11st1t1i1e en li, RcJigi<ltl et
tl\'(1li1 les sie11s, (llllllltl il 1evic~tl<l1n fi CllX? P<'t1l-l1e e11
1,11ivr111ilt1l-ils it t1i,i11<l1c (\'nla,,,).
Allc,11s, C1,,)1111ls 1 )llt1s (l'l1yJl<>criles, t>l11s <le cot1111cls, tJl11s

cl'c111l1t1sc111ts 1,11111,i ,,.,,,s ! c c:,1111,nlle?. sa,11s 1,iti les l11fili~lcs ,le
,c,t1c \'(>si11i1g,, 1 S11tl1r1. c111e \'1111,, t's l nvl'C t'('ttx r1t1i l ..c rrni-
g11c11l l (IX, 121>. 1>l1,11is clts n1111cs, j(! \'Otts c11scig11e ln l ..t,i clc
l\l,,sc ; jr ,catis 1t,cI(, 1111 fu1 cl ;, 111cs111c c.lC's ci1co11sln11ccs, les
cli,<1s 11sJ>ttt~ (I' 11c,l1c 1 li~~cltl, l:t llcligif>II clc Vi1it. Q,1,,11cl ils
c11tc11,l<11l t111e 11,,11,tllc sc,111nlc~, 1111<' 111c isic,11 11c,11vellc le 11, 1'tlrn 1
il)' <'lin 111i lisc11I: 1', c1t1c,i ct'ln ser t-il? l~sl-cc c111c cel11 n11g-
111<'llll' ,c>ltc fc,i ? ~ l~t, l>l'tl, ,,,,i
! l<s v111is crO)'n11ls st>rtl g1011clis ('Il
lt111 r,,i ,,n, <t'i <'llsc,ig11c111<'11ls C(>1111,lc.'!111e11l11i1t's. Il 11'y n <11c les
ll~1><><.1itc~, tc11x 1111i t>ttlc11l Je 111,11 cl:111s lcttt ('<1't11, c1t1i 11,c11 so11t
1
11t1llc111c11t tl111111~< ,\t1 c.c111l1i,i1c, il~ nj,,t1lc11l s<>t1il)111e st11 s<1t1il-

'"
l111~. Ils li11i1'.,(11I 1>:11 1,1,,111i1 cl:111s l'l11ri<l<!lit. Ils 111n11q,1e11t <le
1t'llexi(111 tl ,IC' (c,11sl:111('C : 11c sc,111-ils 1,ns lcnls tl'r1l,j111r1 1 1111(' 011
cl(t1x fc,is 1'1111 ., A ,11:l((IIC (lllS(';.,!ll('lllClll 11()11\'Pa\ll, ils SC 1c~t11(lc11l
lts 1111s lrs 11t1lr<'s 11 clis,,111 : ~ (J11,,lc1t1t111 \'f>tls \'()(-il ? > l~l ttt1s-
~-ilc",1 ils s,sc111i,t'I'' Ils IIC t.'C)IIIJ)l'C'lllll'l\l 1ic11; ils IIC \'Ct1lc11l ,,,,s
lc,1111,1,11tl1c. <:--<si 1111111li ,,11,,, fe1111c lc111s ,cc111s. (IX, 121-
1:!8). !( ,t 1,)
lT1, 111,lac iss11 tll' ,c>l1t 1;tt'C l'~,t \'l'lllt it ,c>tts1!)7). <:et tl1,t,lre,
\"()Il~ lel'(lllll11~,S('7.. Il C'Sl n,,,J,e ('()lllllle V0l1~. Il est VC'llll R VOltS
J>Clll1 \'C)llS (\IIS('~ll('I ltl ,,,,,il<~. ,,1,,,s (fllC \'011!-J vivic1. (ln11s l'ig11c1-
1:1t1(0l'. Il clsi1t ''''" ,,,l1c
IIC J,i('II. l\lt1 i1llC'llfllll, V()llS snvc7. Cflt'il
,,.,. a, c111'1111 sc11I Ili,,,,, le l)ic,, tl'fs111<il, Yol1,v. l~l <-C(>C'n<l1111I, v,ll1e
,.c;l1tl11ile rsl c11t"tl1c lc,i11 clc t,,
1>( 1rrclio11. J.. r 11101 q,1,il votas n11ive
1
clc r,1i1c nffligc ,cll1~ n1>(1(1(', l>i<~ c1,1<! Y,,l,,,, s,,it i11cl11lgc11t el
111i"r1ic(,1(1ic11~ (11,e1~ cc11x c111i c1c>ic11l en l .. tti. J..c lle111ie1' verset
(07) (:(' ltxlc 114111~ r:,il l)C'll!l;('t flll l)r11I. XVIIT, 1819 : C Je lr111 Sll!i<'l-
lr1,,i. clt1 11,ilic,1 et,, I~ f11<'._, 1111 ~c'n1l>l,,l1I~ :i
l'1t>11l1~lc J~
loi, 111c:ill1a1i anc~
1,:1r1lc.~ l:,1,, S:l I,,, 41il lc,11 cli1:1 tc,,11 rc qt1t' 1~ 1111 ro1,1111n11cl(:1I. SI
111, 1101111,,c 1,t-,-,.,,t, 11;,._ tllC'~ 1,n1,alc~ t111r c'e 1110111,lc n,1,n 11c,1atll\<'t'C:I CIi
tllClll lll)lll 1 ltlctl'S t'c,,t llltli 11,\'lllt lltli l'll clr111r111tll'tt1i COlll))ll' R l'Cl lacttlllllC >.
LA OUERRB MtDINOISB 259
<le celle sot11ale IX se tcr1r1ine par q11atre f orm,1les que )'011
1elrot1ve, Jlltts 011 tnoins isol1nent, en h1en des chapitres des <.'les.
(;es f 0111111les lypiqt1e1nc11t j11ives sont comme une signature de
l'uttlet1r titi liv1e. Mol1a1111nel I si tes frres de race ne te suivent
Jlns avec l'e111p1cssen1cnt q11l conviencfrnit, s'ils conlint1ent 1 bien
(ft1e c1oyn11ts, co111111etlre le mal, s'ils se dlot1rnent de la Religi<>11
<le V1il, sttis les conseils <ftte je t'oi lot1jo111s <lonns ; reste fer111c,
c t <1c ln I' c :
c Ynl,w me s11fflt .
Nt1lle <1ivinit excc11t Lui.
S11r l~11i je m'appt1ie.
Il est le Seignet11 <lu 'l'rnc Immense :. (!>8)

l~l le <lc111ier vc1sct <le ln sou1ate V, classe orclinairemcnt
n1,1s Jn so11rntc IX, cle111i1e ,les Acte., de l'Islam. sonne co111me ltn
AIJc It I i a fi 11 n l :
c A Y nl1,v ln ro)'n 11 l (les cie11x et de la te~re

el tic cc t111'ils contiennent.
Sn 'l't>ttle-Puissnnce s'tend s11r lottlc cl1ose. >
No11s 1e11controns ninsi, cl1aqt1e pas. d11 dbut la fin des

A,-te. cl~ l'Islam, lo 1na1qt1e nt1tl1cntiqt1e <ltt Juif, du rnbbin, qui a
c1it cc li,re.
(OR) S(ltlr. IX,. 129-130 .. l .. n f or111,1le : N11llc <llvlnit ex<'epl l .. ul >, c!t
11n ,t-ri tnl)lc slogan ,ln11~ loul I' Anclen Testament.
CIIAPITRE Il
l~(;JIEC DE L'APOLOGETIQUE ESCllATOLOGIQUE 1tlECQUOil<;E

. - L'APOLOGETIQUE MEDINOISE
N(,tls 11,(111s v11, <l:l11s 11<>(1c t>t"t'111ic1 Vt>lt1111c, <111e le 111l>l>i11 11,,11il
i11sisl<', cl:111s SC'S 1,1<~(licnlio1ts at1x Arnl>cs, s111 les fl11s (ler11i1cs :
1s1111clli(111, jllE{(111c11t (l<~111icr, fln111<lis, E11fe1'. 011 11e croynit n
1ic11 clc 1~,,1t celn ln11s le 111ilic11 i<loli\t1e 01nl1e cle l.1a 1'f<.'cq11c, el Je~
1nl,l,i11 11')' (11,linl <1111111 s11r.cs 111<liocrc, J>t1iscJt1e les ~fecq11ois le
<~l,nssi,1c11I <le Je11r ,ill<', nvcc l\1o11n1n111c<l cl les <1t1clqltes C(>11ve1lis
<111i r()l'llttlir11l ln .,,e111ir1c COllllllllllRttl n1nl><>-jt1ive. Pot1rln11I, le
111l,l>i11 ,,vnit v1,,i111t11I f<>rc Jn 11ole J>c,11r nlli1e1 )C's ,\rnl>es nt1 lli<'tt
l'ls,.li;I. Il 11c le111 a,v,,it 1>ns sc11le111cnt nn1101,c ln ns11rrC'cli<t11,
Il~ J11~<'l)1c11l ,fc1nic1, 1111 1gl<.'111enl (le co111Jlles f111nl qt1i n11roit ro,, . .
,l11il les ,~10,,n11ls

nit Ciel et les i11ficllcs c11 E11fer : lo11l cela lnil
<ln11s 111 lig11c st1icle (lt1 jt1 ,lnis1nc. l\fttis, po11r allirc1 nvec 11lt1s clc
,nr,ililt!, (le viole11ce, Jcs AtAl>rs ve1s le Die11 tic l\lose, il fnllail
cl<>1111c1 ces clog111rs llt1sli-1cs tlcs c<>t1let11s <111'011 ne l1011vnil 11i
,l:111s I' A. , ..., ni <lnns le 11,111111,I. Ces co11lct11s, le ri1J>bi11 s'lni t
,11111g~ c1c les i,1v<'11tc1 ; r,111lct11s cl1nfoyn11l<'s (>tltlr cct1x (Jtli vie11-
lrnic11l fi Ynl,,v~, C(llllet11~ ,les J>lt!S 11oi1e~ )lOtlr les (ltllnt,~s
<'11,l111lis. I . . C' Pn1n<lis, 111<c,11lnit le ri,l>l>in 011x f.lecqttois, c'est 1111
lit'II <le 1>l11isi1 ; vot1s )' 1111111gc1cz lt'S 111cls l(!S 1>111~ s11cc11lc11I~ ; vo11s
)' 1,,,i1('Z ,les vi11s 1<.'s ,,1,,s <llicict1x ; vot1s nt1re1, <les fe111111cs, clrs
fl'llt111<'s selcl11 vos go,ils, n11x fo1111t'S ellcl1n11les, <111e vo11s rll\flo ..
1<1<'7. 1111 n~ (I<' vos l~sirs ; ,011~ nt11<'z n,,~si (les arl,llescc11ts hen,,x
t"(l111111t' <If'~ 1>e1lcs, 1>c>111 snli~fni1~ v<,s pnssi<l11~. Voyez <lo11c ,,,1C'I
l,<,11l1t111 S(\l'n IC' ,,,,11<> f N'11llc11clc7, ,,,,~ ; cc>trle.r. v<,t1e 011l1('
1\ 1(l 11; t 111111 (' ( ' s l 1i,, (' 7. s Cs n \' is' ,, (' l l C 1. n l l ] ) i(' '1 ( l' 1s 1 n 1. s i n () 11, V O ' ' ~
i1cz C'll t.:11f('t. J,;(~11re1 C'~I llllC fo1111111ise Ol'<lC'IIIC?, COllllllC l'er1~ri--
g11('tll ll<ls S11i11le~ l~c1i1111<'~. Nor, SC't1l('lt1c11t vo11s y ~c,cz bttlc~~
t~IC'111t'll<'111<'11I. 111ni~, rl<'111<'ll<'111r11t ,,11Rsi, ''<ll1~ y l,oi,cz t111e en11
rt'ti(f, ,,, l,<111illn11lc : vo,,s sr1'<'7. rl1n1~~~ <1'1111 cn1c11n q11i votas lie1, ..
(1111 ,,,llt'~s 1111 fc11 ; ,,011~ Il<! 111n11ge1c,: CJt1c les fr11ils e11lot11~ <l'1,i-
11cs ')tli vltls <lcl1i1('to11f Jr~ ('ttl1nillc~. J.,'i,11n~inalion <111 rAl>l,in r~t
lc~,-11:1i11~c clnr1s ln (lcsc1i11 f i<111 se11~11cllc ,111 P111nrlis el clnns l'i,, ..
''<'t1lic,11 cl<'s R<11fT1nr1cc~ nt,orcs ,1'1111 Enfer 1lo11vnnlnl,lC'. S111 le
tl1c'111r cstl111lol<1gi,111e R1,l>rc cl n11sl1c (le l'A. T., le rnl1l,i11 de J.,n
l\let,111(' ,1vnil ajo11t lottl cc <1111 tait 11ces~t1ire 1>0111 r1on(l1c n,1~
261 L ' ISI ..A"I Al,AUE EN J.IARCIIE - LA GUERRE
i11sli11cls el nt1x 1>nssic>11s clts 111cc.(111ois. Si le fo11cl ,Iog111aliqt1c est

t,
" x nc 1, 1'i 11 1ng e r ic t' 5 I 1, 111 c i11 ,, c 111i<, 11 11111s t 111 l> l a l >os l o Ii <f u e. Le
1i1f>l>i11 n,nit cc,1111>l s11r t<'s J>t<1111esses nllcl1n11les, 011 lerrilin11les,
1><>111 <ll~c1ocl1t1 les A1i,lcs tlts i,lt,lcs (le la l{n'l>it cl les co11ve1lir
:111 llict1 ll11i<ltlc cl'ls111i.I, <111i 1,v,,il ,Lit lt1i-111111e l\f<sc, s11r le
~,()Ill Si11n : Je StlS l'Cl11i ({lti SllS, Yal1,v, U11tflle et rl"ot1l-l">t1is-
~tlltl.
1011ll's ces f:111l:1s11111g<11i<'s 11t st'111l1lc11l n,oir ~,, lJtte t1s 11et1
cl(! sttl'lis <liez l<s 1itl1(s C(t111111c1~n11ls <le).,:, l\fccc111e. No11s n,,011s
tic <.. l'l l'cl,rc ,le11x 1,rc-11,rs s11ffis:,11lcs. S i t,,s A1nl1cs, ln sttilc de
,ts ,lcs,li1>li,>11s, s't'lnie11I ,~,,11,(1lis e1, 111nss<', ils nt11nient e\t assez
clc fo1ce J>Ottt 1t~si!'il1 i, 1n i><>ltssc! ,les i <llliilr('S et (les cl11tiens.
Ils 11,,,111,ic,,1 ll11S ,.,,; c11l1:,i11ls clc r,1i1 0 l\lJi11c. Une SCCOll(le
11lt1,t 11ca11s ('sl cl,,111,t'c elt111s les s<>t111,tcs 111<li11tiscs. 1..-e 1nl,l,i11,
1 11 tt1,1, ,, <111 ici se 1,s(>t1cl1c . :", 1c11c,11t<'r nt1x <lcst1i1,li<111s l'IT1,>yA
1
lles, cl't111c.' lell' :1(1ctil~ 111 rllcs cle,,ic1111e11l i111111c1111lcs. ()11 11e
ll'(lll\'<' ~,, clf(I, ,l:111" les ~.t,1111,l<s 111,~cli11c,is<'~, ('Il c<' Cftti C(Jlll'C111c les
lill'i (lt111ii1( S, IJIIC l<s l'llS('~lll'lllCIIIS li11C:ttitcs (le l'A. rr. cl (Ill rl"nl-
1
lllll{I.
l . 'l:1,fc1 11c <cs~< ,,:,s c)'plrt le 1<1111111<'111 le 11l11s 1< (lc>ttlt1l>lc, 111:,is
1
if 11'<sl t>l11s ,111tslic,11 ltt'1>ir1<'s i, 111:111ge1, 11i <le 1>11s c11 l>t1llilit>11
:, l,c,it('. l ..'l:,,1('1 tt'('SI 1>ltts 111'1111 l"l ll : f.<'IIX (jlli lllll"()Jll t i11fi-
1
lill1S t'I a1111,,,,1 l1:1ilt 11,,1 sig11('S (le 11t('t1~011g<'s, ct11x-li1 sc1c111t l<'s
'
1,c",le" clt1 l;-elt ,1i1 ils sc1<,11I i111111c11l(ls (1). l1'l~11fcr est clc,11<~ 1111 fett
1,s<1,i r111x i11litlilts <111i 11',1t11l>J1l 11ns c1t1 llllX sig11cs cle )'a,11,,t~ ;
1111 ft'll (lll Ill' s't'lci11<l1i1 j,1111:,is. Il cxistnit i, 1\lcli11e tles l1<1111111rs
r111i Il<' c1>)i,ic11t ,,:,si, l'c'IC'111il<~ ,lt1 {i"e11 clc l'E11fc1. c Ces gc11s 011t
clil : l . . c l;-r11 Ill' 1111s lltt(l1l'11, 1t1c 1>c11,ln11I 1111 lr1111>s <lte1:-
111i11~ (~) ; ri I, 1:tl)l,i11 lljfll1((' : llt~f)Ollcls-lt'llt' (l\}(lllfllllllle'()) :
~ ,\111('7.-\'()ll'l r.,il llftllr :1,t< ,,111,, ? ,ni,,,.__., IIC lll,lllCIIIC1n 1>c1i11l
:, s,,11 ,,i,llr. f)11 J,i,11 clil(s-,,,11s <"f>11l1e ,,,11,,
rc' ,111c V<>t1s 11c s1rve~
1,c1i11I ? > N,11 1>1it11 ! (:f'll"C (JII a,t11c,11I l"(lllllll:-i 1111 111t1l, CCllX <111i
~,,., . ,,,, r11,rlc,1)1)cs cl:lllS 11111 r,1111(, ('('IIX-l SPl'()lll les 1,i'>lcs (Ill 1~c,1,
,1i1 ils ~r,,,111 i111111t,1ll\ls , (:J). (>11 :, ,.,,,1111 ,c,ir cles ,J11ifs, cli,11s ceR
!!11~ r111i ,,,, t1cir11l 11:1" l, 1'~(('111il <le l' l~11fr1 ; 1111,is nl,s<,l11111l'ltl
1i111, ,la111s I<' l<'Xlc, 11":111lc11ist t>111cillc l1~1>l>ll1ist', lt'11~1,1e11l 11l1t11is-
11
,;:111lr 11',,flf' cl(~n!.!111,, l'l1i~lc,i1c- cl,s c,1igi11c:s clp l'lslr1111. C.cllc

:11)()Sl1c,1,l1r ;111:x (:1~:111ls . , l"C)Jlsl:1ll' lll t1cl1i'I'(' ( 1), llllll'C(llC (JllC
f 1' Stlll. 11 . :,; : \ ,,i1 !tll'-~i ili,I. 22 : ~ r, cs,1, c7 \ CIIIS tl11 lr11 tlc>11I
t 1li111111I 1,1 1r,,, tltlI 11, ll,,11111,c" 41 11," 1,i11r- 11 1 11:11 ic" 11.11 lcs i1,ll-
1lt'l1" ,. : ,c1i1 :111,,i ,,,111. 1.1~. 17 ; XXXIII, 8. OlGR.
(:!) \'11i1 ~. Ill. :t.
l:11 S,1,11. Il.; 1 i'li
( 1, 111,,cl,i11, ,,,,.,il. 1 Ill. 1. i li,,,,,,,. ,111 ,I. ilt I~ ln ~t11-1r. Il.
liCll~C DB L'AI>oLOOlr1'10U6 liSCllATOLOOl(JUI! MliC(lUOlS~ 265
~11l>sisle 1>e11 ou t>as tl'es1>oir cle 1allier les J11ifs. Ce verset el les
s tti ,1111 ls s011 l <1011c con lc1111>01a i 11s <le lo 111 pt 11re avec ls1al >.
Cette exgse, ot1 }Jlttl>t celle i111ogi11ation, J>erait croi1e que l'Is-
ln111 est 1111e 1eligio11 rvle l\l<>l1u111n1ed directe111ent 1>nr Allnl1 ;
ffltc l\lol1n111111e1ise. C'est tlu g1"Rn<l ro111u11 1
Il 11'esl 1>11s 1>c1111is <le 1esle1 <ln11s le vng11e q11n11d 011 ve11t do11-
11c1 l'ex1>licnlit>11 ,1'1111 texte. L'cx1>licntio11 qlte nous p101>osons n11
ct>t11s <le 11otre t1ovAil 11011s J>nrait soli(le cl c1 ltilibrc. Notts n'avo11s
j11111t1is 1enco11l1 <Ions les 1lclcs de l'lslarn lin sc11l verset qui ot11ail
t a1cl1ess l\1o11ar11111ed 1>01 1111 l)iett. C'est to11jol1rs ttn Jl1if (111i
1>n1lc ; il Jlnrlc sclo11 les e11seig11c111e11ls e l'A. 'f. el selon les co11l-
111c11l11i1es l11l11111cli<Jt1cs. C'est fnltsscr l'l,istoire <l'1111e fno11 ri<li-
<t1le, clc 1nc<,11lc1 (Jtte lvl<>l1n111n1ccl tente lie convc1tir les J11ifs m<li-
11,1is it J'Jsl11111 a,1111,c 1 (J11c 1'011 ve11illc l>ie11 exct1se1 cc tc1111e, t111
il 11'csl 1>11s l1t,1> f 01l : je vc,11,l1ois <li1e qu'c11 l1istoire, c'est ln 11lt1s
g11111clc l)<lltt,lc c111'<>11 J>ttisse 1e11c<>11t1er. L'otclt"e <les foils c.\sl
cxr1clc'111c11I i11,'c1sc: l'lslt1111 ntt1bc est le 1s11ltot cle l'npostolnt cl'1111
.ft1if (JII 1c.~1,ssil i, g1,,111>e1 nt1lo11r <le ln sy11ngogt1e un ce1loi11 110111-
l,,c l',\1nl>es. l\ltlgr s,,11 ~uccs i1t(l11i11l>le, il prottva l1ier1 lles
,lc.~c1,ti,,11s : les C(111vc1sic>11s ft11cnl <l'11l1<>ret1 11on1re11ses ; rcs
Cl>tt\'t'tlis 11e ft11e11l 1>ns ltltts fl,Jles n11 l)ic11 ll'Isrnl ; t>ltts la1<l,
<l'11t1l1cs f11isnic11l sc111IJln11 l ,le croi1e, 111nis <llcstnient les Juifs et
s't>1>1>(1snL'11I s<>tt111(>se111c11l il l'11vre <.111 1nl1bin ; d'autres prf -
111l'l1l les i,l<>lcs n11ccsl1nlcs. [)ans le vt. O ,le ln sourate ](, le rol)-
l,i11 11111lc l\lul10111111c,1 ,le ces Arnl>cs i11fltlles, i11co11stnnls, el
lt)'l>,<tilcs : c (() C1oyn11 ls), 1>011,ez-vot1s n111l,ilio11ner que ces
gt11s > (1>ns le~ J11ifs, n1nis les Arnl>cs), c c1oic11l nvec V<ltts, alo1:-1
<ftt'1111<' f1ttl~li<>11 1>nt111i e11x, (ftti cnlcnclnit le (lisc<1u1s <le Ynl1,v, le
f1111ss11il c11s11ile, Rcie111111t\1,t np1s 1nvoit co1111,1i~ ? Ce S<>nl ce~
111(.._1,1t's A1r,I1cs, cl lltlll 1,oi11t les .J11ifs, c1ui s'obslinoicnt 11c 1>11s
t1,,i,,, 1'1 l't~lc111il clt1 Fr11 cl <le l'E11fer.
~>t1i111l ,~. lc1i, l\lc,l111111111ccl, 11e c1ni11s 1ien: Nolts 11c tnvo11s
c11,<>\'t~ ,,,cc ln Vf1il ,1t1c C(ln1111e A1111011cinteur el Ave1lisset1r >.
'1'11 11'a1s t111tt111e n,1tc,1il s111 les fl111es cl sur les c11rs, c cl il ne le:'
St't11 ,,,,s clC'111n11<l co1111>lc ,les llles (le la Fo11rnoise > (5). C'est
J)il\t1 ,, 11i j11gl'tn, el lt1 11'cs c111e s011 llorle-1lnrolc po11r prve11ir les
i1111clrlcs cl11 sc11t c111i les ollc11,l : c A cc11x q11i 11n11ni vo11s (Arol>es).
11t11c,11l fi i11fl,llcs, je cl(>1111c'1ni IJ1vc jo11isso11ce ; p11is je 1<'~
rc\cl11i1ni 1111 'l'o111111c11I (111 1.-,,,1. Qttcl ,lflcslnl,le l>evc11ir ((;>. c S111
l"Cttx 111i so11I i11~clC'lcs et (ltli 111c111c11l i11fl1lles, lo 111nlcticti(,11 clc
(a) lt,i,I. 113.

(fi) 11,i,I. 12() ; \'()i1 Ol1ssl st>t1r. IV, 00, J15.
2fi0 L1s1.,\I\I AnJ\JSE EN ~IARC.IIB - LA OUERRE
,.111,,t;, <les J\11g(s cl ,les JJ,,111111cs l'11se111l>lc. c111'ils s11l,i1011I i111111or..

l(ls, (~1,11s c111e) le 'J"ot11111c11t soil nllg 1,0111 CllX et (sa11s qu')il le11r
s (>i t <1(l 1111 i~ (I' n l l e 11 <1a e > ( 7) .
l.,es fi11s <le111i1cs co11slil11c11I lc,11j c,11rs Jlot11 le rublJin le
SltJ>1111e n1g11111r11l ,,polugl(I ttc. S'il nl>nt1<l(>n11c, i, ~lt!<li11c, IC's <les-
<1i1>lic>11s s11r les,111,lles il 11,nil ln11l cc>1111>l il IJo l\lect111e, il 11e
ctsse J><>i11l 110111 n11l,111l (le l,11111<li1 ln 111e1111ce titi 1c,l<>t1lul1le 1"0111-
111ent.
l(iO. J>n1111i les llc1111111cs, il t11 <'sl 111i lll"<'lllle11l, t'l1 ,lclt<>1s ,le
\'nl1\\, ,l,s 1,111i4111s (ftt'ils ni111cnl c,,1111,1c <>11 :1i111c ''n1aw.
(l\lnis) l'r11x c111i c1clic11l sc111l les J>l11s n1clc11ls c11 )'0111,ltlr ,le
Ynl1,,. ()111,11(1 ils ,,,,11r,11I le 'l"(lt11111c11I, 1111is~C'11t cc11x q11i
~cltll i11j11slcs ,,,,i,
Jtlc ln r,,,.l"C
<'s i l Y11l1,v c11firen1c11I, et
r1t1c \1,11,, csl 1cclc,11l:1l>lc c11 (St,11) 'J,01111,1c11t 1

l(il. (llt1issc11l-ils ,c,ir) c111n11cl cctl:'\ c1t1i ,,111,,,,1 ("l s11i,,is se (li1c,11l
1
i11<'s1,c,11si,J,l,s cil' C."('ttx c1t1i (le~) ,1t11c,11I s11i,is, 1t1:111cl ils ,c1-
1c,11I le 1(Jt11111c11t tt c1111111cl lcs lic11s (c111i les 1111issnic11I) se
l'()lllJ)t()lll ! (8)
l(i2. (()tlSSClll-ils \'f>t) C)llllllcl ('l'llX CIII tllll"(llll SIIV s'r<.1ic1<>II( :

A 11 ! si tl<llls 1c>11,,i,l11s l l'\'l'l1i1 (s111 lc11~) <'I 11011~ cli1c' i11cs-
0
1>,,1,s11l,ll'S cl'tlllX ('()l)llllC VC)IIS V(lll!i clilPs i11<'SJ)()IISltl,lrs ,1e

11,,11s (,,,1 tc jc,111) 1 > J\i11si ,,111,,,~
lct1t fc,n V<li1 lr111s 11llicJtl~.
l.,n111c11la,li<>IIS Stll' CIIX I lis 11(' SC l1()llVCl'()lll (>tlJll s01li1 <Ill
1:ct1 (9).
llrt1x i,lt~ts 'i<111I :, 1rl('11i1 clc t<s lexies 111~cli11,,is <111c 11t1t1s cilc,11s,
tl Cftle ll()llS l'C'll'(tll\'C'l'(lllS jtlS((IIC cln11s l<s S(llJtnf<'S fi11nl(~S : lcltll
cl':1l1cl1,1, il fn11l J1it11 11c,11s Jlt'11l1<'1 <111e re n'est J>ns Alli,11, pc1- ,,,,e
~1,1111e 1,'n jn111ni~ J i,lc11lif1c-1, 111i s'i1,l1csse h l\l,,l11,111111c,I. N<>11s
1<t<11111ni~s<l11s fnril1111r11( ltt 1rligi,,11 el 1,, (ft1nlil ,le ccl11i c1t1i 1>111le.
(>1,111 110,,~. so11 ('t1sri~11c111c11I ~sl <1c l'nrcl1i-co111111, nbsol11111c11l
(''\:c1111,t <le l<ltll<' nc11,cn11t ,lc>tl1i11nlc t>o1 1n1,,,,,1f i, l'A. 'J". - - C:e
1:1l,l,i11 fln1lc ,c)111111t? lt' f111I 111tc>1"<' <IC'!-1 tl1clit11lc-111s cl11lit'11s ,111i,
1111111e l<>1sr1t1its 11c 1c1,1,,clt1isc11l ,l,111s lc.'ltts sct111011s ut1c1111 lexie
(7) 11,i,I. l!ll1 l!i7: ,,,ir :,,,"-.i c;c,t11.

Ill. R:!: (l\l:aliclit lic,11) 1111'ils ~11l1i1(,11f,
i,,,,,,,,,1,. Js. ~:111" ,,,, le 1ct11111c11l ~,,it :,lli'gr 110,11 r11x 11i q11'il lr11r ~oit
,t,,1,11t'. 1l':1llcr1,l1 f' ,
r n, l c; ~ i ,, ,, , 1 X 111, 2 1 2 !'..
( ~) \' 1, i
(U) S,,,11. li. llitl Ili:!
CIIEC DB L'APOLOGlrl'IQUE ESCIIATOLOOIQUB MECQUOISB 207
Jarcis, ot1c1111c citation lill1nle. se 1frenl ce11cndant d'ttne foo1,
co11stnnlc l'A. T. et att N. rr. Celle 1ntl1otle est la fois force et
r,,il>lesse J>Ottr ces s01les <le tliscot11s cl cl'c1its. Fo1ce 1 parce qt1e
l'ot1le111 11e risc1t1c jn111ais de s'gn1er, 1>ttisq11'il ne fnit q11e r1>le1
(les c11scig11c111e11ls Cftlc no11s C<>11si,l1ons co1nn1e 1vls ce q11i 1
,lo1111e i, ses nrfi11nnlion vnle111 <le lto<lition. Fnilesse ettssi, 11arce

flic cc J>roc<l, lottl e11 111oi11lennnt l'at1lct1r <lens la ligne de vtit,
t111oigne ce1>c11tln11I, cl1ez Je 1>rclicnlct1r ou !'crivain en qttestion,
cl'1111e grn11(le ti111iclit, 11n1f<>is 111111e <l't111c incapacit intellec-
lt1elle vis--vis <les ~1an<ls 1>robl111e!i <le l'l1e11re, et enlve ~es
cli1cs 011 n ses rrils lotit lnn clr conviction 1>ersonnelle. J.,e 1ecou1"S
i, ln Oil,lc se 1>1se11ll! nlots c<1111111c t111 refuge et 11ne pet1r de to111-
1)1t,111issi(>t1. I ...'n11lct1r (les Acles dr, /'l.~la111, <lc11ll n<>tls avons rel~o11nl1
l'o1>1ln1l<'t1n11t'C ntt jt1<1t1s111c, et flll o co11ste1n111e11l en 111111oi1C' les
l ... iv1cs Sni11ls <les .Jt1ifs, n s11 viter celte ti111i(lit intclleclttelle.
J. <ltl ile lit I Il snit co1111n t111iqt1~r, n tot1s ces n11ciens textes Cflt,il
1"1>l(', ~n fl> 1>c1s(>1111cllr, l'e11l1ninc1ncnl e sn conviclio11. Et cc
.J11if (111i c1it les sc,1111,les 111cli11ois<'s est le m1ne qt1i co1npo~n
(~<'llr~ (le J . 11 ~lccqt1c. F<111ln111('11lnlC'111~11l et essentielle1nent, lt'S
J>C'ts11<'<"li,es sttr ln vie f11lt1rc y so11t i<lc11liqt1es, avec cette <lifTrcncc
,, t1'i1 l\l<li11c les nffl1111nlio11s so11I, 11011r ni11si (1ite, linaires : les
111 fi (1 l<'s set(111 t I c111 cl I e111c11 l 10111n1 e11 l <ts, et c'est In F 011 rno i~c, )c
),.('Il <111i t~o11slil11rrn }lOttr c11x l'effr<1~n1>1c J>ttnition : Cet1x qt1i
,lP11I <'C r1t1c Ynl,,,,~ n fnil ,lcsce11<l1c <l'Ec1ilt1rc el le tro(Jt1c11l i,
r;til>I(' 1>1ix, <c,,x-ln 11'i11grer<>r1l c111e tftt fet1, en lct1rs enlrnillcs, et
(\rltl,,,.<~) Ill' J,,111 J>111lr1r1 ll()tll, Oll .Jo111 (lC' ln ns11rreclio1l : Il J\C
les 1>111.. inr,n 1>(1i11t el ils at11c)11l 1111 lo111111enl c111cl. Cc11x (Jtti 01110111,
( ,>11l1e l:1 l)irC'cti,>11 cl le Pnllc,11, lroqt1 l'l~go,<'111enl el le Tot11-
0
111<'11l, ,111'rsl-c(~ q11i lc111 <lontlC'rn co11slnncc co11l1c le Fc11 ? C'est

111'c11 cnct Y,1l1,v n fnil <lescc11<l1c l'l~crilt11c Avec ln Vril. Cc11x,
t'II ,,t~1il, fftti s'o1,11ose11I, ntt st1jel <le l'Ec1ilt1rc, sont CC'tlcs c1n11s
tlll<' 1>1<1fc,11t1l~ (live1gcnce > (10) .

:Ili. C.c11x (f11i s,,11t i11n<1<'1('~ clPfl<'11sc11l let11s J,ic11s 1,0111 ca,tc,~
cl11 <:l,c111i11 ,le Yol,,,,t~. If~ les tl~1><'11scr<>11t 1>t1is, sui ct1x, ~c,n
t111c ln111c11lnlio11 cl c11s11ilc ils sc1ont vaincus.
(10) Jt,i,I. lf0-171 ; , )i1 n,, ~~1 i/11,I. 107 : c r,~~crvr-no11~rt,, Tot1r111cnt
,1,1 1:t,,1 :> ; 2Cl2 : c l'i11ri,llr n,1,1t tlour p~ln~c ln Gl1r11nc. Quelle cltest,,hlc
cc,tt<l,c ! , : 21.f : c (:c,1x-ln s111t Ir~ l,tc~ cl11 Fc,1 oi1 li~ ~e>a,t ianmor-
tcI~ ., ; ,c,i ,. n,ts~I 11,i,I. 221 ; 2fl0 ; 27'1. - Il c~t clil <l,,ns to,,s ~es vrr~rl,
r111<' ,~~ l,,fieli-lrq !'Crront l<'S ll~lr~ rll1 Ji"~t1 <'f q11'ilR y ,lcrnc11rcront tcrnr1-
1c111r11I : ~,,,,r. I .. XIV, 1() : c ( ~r11x q11I nt1ront ~l l,,ri,llc-~ et n11ront trnll~
Ir~ 11sel1!11c111r11I~ ,Ir 111rn~o11,-(rs, ( r11x-ln ~cronl I<'~ l1i,tc~ rltt Fe-li ni1 ils rr~lc-
0
1(>111 i111111t)tltls. Q11cl tlrlcslttlJlc l>c,c11ir > ; sour. VIII, 35 ; IX, J 14.

1~ ISJ .. \P.I AnA111; l~N ~IAll(;IIE - LA GUl~J\J\E
:Ji. C:<11x ,111i s<111l i11fi<llcs, ve1s lat Gl1e1111e seront rassc111-
l,ls (11>,
:18. 11,>111 fftl<' , .. nl1,, 4Jisli11g11cle ~lcl1ant 11 llc>11, (c1t1')ll 111elle

Ir ~lll11111( s11r le l\lcl1u11I, ((ttt')II les e111JJi]e lotis et les
(>Ince c1t111s l:1 Gl1c1111c. Cc11x-l se1011l les Pc1<ln11ls (12).
Pour le rnl>l>i11 co111111e po11r l<>t1I Isrnl, le grnr1<1 pcl1 est l'In-
Ji,llit. I~n le1111es conetcls, 1<! g11,11ns e11 Ynl1,, r1t1i a 1>11tl s111 le Si11o 1>ot11 orfir111cr sa 1"'011te-
l111issnnce et 1>1011111lg11('1 si1 l .. t>. (:citai <111i 1ef11se ,~nl1,,, irn ntt
1,..ct1 te111l'I. c t.<'tlx (111i n111c>11I t~l i11fi,llcs n111011l btvc jo11is-
~t111cr, 111011gr1c,r,t <"()lt1111e 111n11gc11I les (l>les (le) l10111>cnltx, (111nis)
lt~ lett sctn lf't11 nsilc > (1:l). C:<t1x qtti n111011f l i11nrlles, q11i
,1111c>11I ,ll<>t1rn<~ clt1 <:l1r111ir1 tir ,pi1l1,, cl ,111i se1<nl 111c,1ts i11fl<llcs,
,011,, 11r lc111 1>n1tlc,1111r1n J>t~ > (t<J). lln11s le 1-tc111c 1>c:l1~. l'i11-
fa4Jlitc l'eJll r~r11(c IIJlf' llr1rtc(ftll, llllX } "C\IX 41C (Otll Js1nlitc ; )e
0
J<'ll1et1r, COllllllC l)4lllS \('tlOllS IC' le 1eJlllll.CfllCI, est ('J10111n1e qt1

0
,,r<,f<"rc srs icllllc's i11r1l<'s ri s1111s ,ic :111 l)ic11 J">11issnnl et C1nlcttr.
1. r 11cl1<'tt1 ~c l1111s 111 11111lli1,litil(', 1e11011ttnt J>nt ]
clCi()l'tsc
ltl(~lllC il IIIInrr s:1 \ t'. 1'c,11l ('C'lll r~I v111i, (l11 ; 111:ls llOllr le J11if1
1
c 1sl l,c,111<t,tt1> 1>111~ g1:,,,, C'ltl"<tc, l><'ittl<"<>tlJ> 1>lt1s ,,,11<.1ct el J><'rso11-
114f : ''nla,,tt est so11 f)i<'tl i, l11i, cl ls1nl n1>1>1t1lic11I it Yal1,v CJtti,
lt1i-111111~, 1'11 ,,l11l11 11i11si c11 <l1clisisc;r111t <le se 1vt'~lc1 M<>se, le
1!rnr1nlrin1rl1f' lts lll1c,,1x. lletlttis lo1!i, t111c so,le <le lrinil
~,,st rc,1111,;e, 1c1,lit~(' cl ~(lll(lre s111 cll<'-ll lt11e, S<'Jllll'n11I le lllOll(le
c11 ,lr11x cnl,~g,,1ir~ : t,s J1,,111111C's j11ifs, el les n11t,cs. C.<'llc l1i11il
:1 ,1t<t1r> le s,1111111cl 1llir~ic11x <ftli (lc,111i11c le 111<>11,lc clc1>11is (les si-
cl,s :
1111 s,11( ))('II ,.1)1\\'P ;
1111 sr11J 1>c111>lc tl1nisi 1>111 ,:,11,v, ls1r1l ;
1111 srl1I J.,i,1<', le' (:,l1a111 l1t'l>1C'tl <le l\lo~
(11) \'ojr n,,._~; c;()III". xxr,,. r,,; : Ne f)C'l1~(7. ,,n~ ,,11r cf',I:'{ c111i ~c,nl i,,ri-
rlrlr'i 1r,11,i1011l ''ni,,,{, n l'i1111,11i~~nll('f' ~,,,. lo trr,r I l .. <'111. 1rf1,~(' ~crn le ~r,1
,., q11cl cll'lrsl:,t,lc lll'vc11i1 ; > - ~c,111. l~VIII, 0 : c n11x r,,ri,lles, 1111 lo11r-
, , 1r 11 1 n ,. i Ii s ~ n n l ~
C12) S<>ttr. VJ I T. :Jfi.3R.
(1:-l) So,,r. Xl .. \'fl. 1:l. r.<' ,c,~f'l rn1111rllr. fi<' loi,, ,r11r11clit11l, lt's l<'rrl-
fi:111lr~ clr~c:-1iplio1l~ 11<' l.n f\l<.'<'QII(.' : \l1i1 Oll~~i ~Oltr. "Jf( lfi!) : C )}~ ll'tl,:t
1,r111l <111c ,l11 1:r,, cl:111~ 1<'111~ r11lrnillc~ > ; ,oir c11rorc Xl~\'11, 17 : c (Il)
,11 n l1111l1011rl cln11~ 1, 1:-,.,1 : ils scro11t nl,1('t1vs ,1,1,1c cn,1 l1011illnnlc <111i lc11r
r I i,c>rtrn If'~ r111 r:1 i I Ir~ >.
(11) llicl . 3li ; ,c1ir ,,,,~~1 ili,I .. !t2 : c (:c,,x c111i n111c,11t t infl,llc1. <ttrl
:1111,,1,t ,l<'ltlll llr cl,, (:l1111li11 Ir Y,11,,,~ ri ~(' ~('l'Olll ~,1n1~s 11(' l'Ar,lrc nnrs
tfllt 1:l Oiretlio11 ~(' 4i(1:1 ,,1.111irr~lr I r,,x. ("('llXln 0(' ,,,1i1011t en ,lcn
\ .,1,,, c1,1i I c11cl1 n , :-.i,,ts lc11rs nclit,11s >.
CIIEC DE LAPOLOG~11QUH ESC.IIA1'0LOOIUUE M~CQUOISB 209
<ftti, se11l, co11lie11I le co<le (le vie 1>011r l'l1t11nanil, ln Voie et la
l)i1cctio11, ln Torn 1>0111 lotis les te1111>s. C'est cette trilogie qlti,
(ICJlttis 1,l11siet1rs 111ill11nires, o cn111p l'6n1e jt1ive. Att 00111 rl't111
se11l Yol1\\'C?, Crafc111 el s011verni11 J11gc, Isral a 1nis mort Js11s,
le Cl11ist qt1i se p1ocla111nit Die11 ; ntt nom (le s011 lection divine,
011 110111 (le l't1nit <le pettplc, ls1ol o divis l'U11ive1's en Jt1ifs et
(;o111, les Jttirs ayant set11s d1oit l'ternit l,ienl1e11reuse. Les
(ioi111, 1>n1 <l{lnilion enncn1is <l'Is1nl pArce q11'enne111is de Ynl1,v,
so11t vo11s n11 Fet1 ler11el. Parce qu'Isral se co11sidre co111mc
sc11l <l1>ositai1c des rvlulions <livi11es, il 11'y at1ra ja111ais JlOttr
lt1i (Jt1'1111 sc,11 Liv1c <le 1eligion, <ttt'un seul Co1a11, celui c.Je l\1oise
et <les Pr(,,,J,tes. E11 se replinnt ninsi st11 lt1i-1n111e, e11 se 1ef11sn11t
i, lottle ,'<>lttlio111 religie11sc <lans la ligne (le sn Loi et de ses P1<>-
t>l1tics, Jsanl s esl ci1c011cis 111i-1n111c. S'il ovnil constnl qt1e le
<:l11istin11is111c plonge ses 1nci11es nt1ll1enlic111es <ln11s le j11(las1ne,
le J>CtlJ>lc j11if n11rnit <lti c<>1111>1e11<l1c <Jtte l'ncl1ve111ent cle sa 1eli-
1,ti<>t1 Ill! t><>ltv nit t rott vr1 sn 1>e1f eclio11 t1l ti1ne, q ttc <la ns l 'cnseigne-
111c11 I cl ln 1>ctso1111e <le .Js11s-Cla1isl. Pot' les rvlotio11s dtt Sina,
l'l111111n11il tnit en 111a1cl1~ vc1-s ln L11111i1e; celte I. . t1111irc, enlt'e-
le1111c et r11vive 1>nr les g1n11<ls P101>l1tcs dIsrnl, co11(lt1isnit vc,~
l'l1lot1i~sn11te clatl (lt1 Cl11isl. I . . c J>Ct1plc jt1if n c1u qtt'en cli1i-
f.?t'nr1l S<)ll 1cg:11cl ve1s celle clnrl, il allait per<lre sn prop1c
l11111i1c. J)ict1 l'nvnil con1bl de grAccs de1>t1is Ab1al1a111 ; Il e11
11vait f11it So11 pet11>le. Blo,111 <la11s so11 gosme national et se~
n 111 IJ i I i c>11s I e 11es l tes, 1>ot1 t"CJ 11 c,i 1srnl 11 'a-t-i I J> es co111 J>tis q 11 'c11
11,l<,1>l1111l le c:111ist il se g,nn<lissnil encore et se pcrfeclion11Ait ?
().tic les J)(lCl,~111s ,l'Is1nl 1flcl1isse11t c11 lottle paix at1x po1oles
,lt1 1nblli11 ,le l.,n Mcc<111c, cl1,, 1>r<lfo11<l tic to11te l'l1istoire <I.Is1al:
Je scttl 1>t~l1 <le 1'111111101,il esl cel11i tl'i11fl<llit, el il sera pt111i
,1,1 Fe ,1 te 1 n e1.
8. Ni lctat"S hie11s 11i ]e11rs cnfnnl~ ne Aervi1ont rien. cor1lrc

,rnl1,,,{'-. R C('llX (}ll O\ll"()nl t lnfl<lles. Cct1x--lb seront
1111tli1c ig11e po111 le Fe11 (15).
(lfi) S<lt1r. Ill. 8; voir 011ssl ibi,I. 0, 10. 1~. 20. 112 ! c NI leu1s l,icns ni
ll't11s c11rn11ls 11c se1,lront r irn co11l1c Ynl1w~. ~eux q11i aont inficllcs.
(:ct1x-l1) st-ro11t 1<'5 lllc~ ,ltt Fctt 011 Ils seront l1nmortcls ~ ; voir nussl TX.
fi!i : c Q,1c ni l<'11rs l>lcr,, ni lct1r .. rnfnnt! ne le ~olr11I 11n attrait I Ynl,,,
,,e,11 ~e,1le11,<'nl (le lcttr rnil lc5 lo11r1nenlcr rn la Vie l1n1ndlate el (Il veut)
1111e leurs ftr1t<'S s'cx.11nl<'nl nlors q11'ils ~o,,t lnricl~les > ; voir sour. IX, 70. Cc
,crscl sol1<'s~c 011x H11,o,riles : c Ainsi cr,1t-il le) ("eux qui, avnnt vo,,~.
11rc'11I J>lt1s ,le force, pl,1s ,le biens ri plt1s d'enfnnls. Ils ont llr JollissnnC'c
1lr. lr,,r pn,t. Ti1cz Jo11lssn11rc ctr. votrc pnrl ro1n1nt ce,1x qui tfr~rent joufs-
snnrc clr lr11r 1)n1t nvont vo11s I Vot,~, vo11s nvez eRol com1ne Ils ont ernot.
(Jttc s,tiC'1,1 vni11c~ les ne-lion~ cle cc~ gens >, (voir au5si sour. IX, 17), era
ln (Vic) 111111,.
2fJ
1. ISI .A7'1 All,\111~ l:N AIAll(:IIE - LA GtJEJ\1\E
X 1. c:,,,,x ((Ili (1'('clt \'('lllls)

1
i11liclPl('S n1,rs (OV(>1 1c11) ltt roi,
1t,l,,11l,lc1()11l l .. ,,~1,ilc tl'i11fi(llit, le 1clo111 clc ceux-lil (st1r
lc111~ f nt1lcs) 11c sc111 1,,1s 11ccc1>l : ce11x-lil s011t les Egn1s.
H:i. l)'11t1<:1111 clr ,ct1x ,111i 111c,1111011l i11ficlles 11e se1a ncce1,t
111r111c le J>t's111ll <l',>t le ln lc11c, s'ils llsirc11l se 111cl1ele1
11vcc, (,,,, .ll1gc111e11l llc111ic1) : cct1x-ln n111<,11t 1111 lo111n1e11l
c111el et ils 11':ttttlJltl 1,ns ll'nt1xilioi1es (t(;).
1.. c 111l>l>i11 11c

s'a1(l1csse t>ns n
<les nl,strncli(>11s, l'inlicllc snns n
<'C)t1,s 11i fig111'. l)~111s s<'S <lisro111s. il vise les i11fi<lles <ttii sont l
cltvt,1ll ses )'ettx : Atttl>rs flitl1islc~ t"l i<l(>li\l1cs c111i 1efl1se11t (le se
t(>11ve1lit nt1 llic11 4l'ls111l ; A1,,l,es l1)'t><,c1iles t(tli se 1>rocln111e11t
11111st1l111n11s. se 111<~lt11l ,1,1x 1,11,li(111cs cxt1ict11es <les arnl10-j11ifs.
11tnis, 011 f(1t1(I ,le lc,11 c<1 111, <lleslt 11l les J11ifs <.'l snl>ole11t l'n1)(lS-
1 1
l<)lnt ,l11 111l,l,i11 (17) ; A 111l>cs <Jtl s'lnic"tll 1>cttl-lre si11c1c1,1e11t

ct111vc1li~, 111nis ((tli, 1,n1 ln st1ilc, 1c,i111c11l il l( l11s ,111li(tltcs e11c111s.
1
('()llllllC le clll'II il Sl))l \'()lllSSCllll'lll.
18. c:c11x (tt1i rlltt<111I t1:1il 110s c11scig11c111c11ls <le 111c11s<>11gcs.

tc11~-li1 st'l'(t11I lc:q t,,.,l('S Je ln 1;,111 11111isc.
t!l. S11ll1c1. 111c 1:1 \'ic J111111i'cli1,I(~ est jc:11, <lislrnclio11, (vni11e)
1>n1111e, l1111(' le j11cl1t1lcc e11l1e volis. lt1lle n11 s11jet des IJiens
t'I <l<"s e11f ;11,ts ! (l~llc csl> n Jn 1essc111l>ln11ce <l't111e 011tle :
111 ,,gl:1lit,1t ((tli 11, sttil 1,t,,t 1111x l11(i(1les, (111nis) e11s11ite
(lelle v<'~cti1li(l11) se ll<~l1it; t,,
ln vois jn1111i1, 1>11is <lcve11ir
clt'l,1i~ <lrss(.!ll1s. l)1111s li, (\'ic) l)c, 111i1e S<llll (011 l,ie11) lo11r-
111<"11l lc11il, lt!,
(Ill) s,,111. Ill, K1 -R:,; ,.,,,,.. o,1~c;i il>i,I. l2(i: C l'1l-~r1\'('7.\ (lll.Ci cl,, 1:c,1
0
11tcp:1rt' 1,c,111 1<'4' 11,ricliI,, 1 > : ili,I. 11-t : c Ne,,,~ jcltc1ctr1s l'cff,<>i ,ln11s ll'5
,,1111~ clc c11x c111i :--,111l i11ficli'lc~. c11 ,,,ix (l'nvc,i1 n~s,,ci a, Ynl,,,,1- rc 11nr
tllltli )) flC r:1il cl(S( ' t'lltll( llllllc )ll 'Cll(tI c>1,. l1c111 rtftt!,,tt' ~t'l'll le (;"CIi. (:c.,11l-
l1i(11 ,ti'lcstnl,lc csl 1:,silt' clcs l11jt1slts 1 > ; it,id. tr,t;, 17t).f72: Qttc ne
l'i,ll1i~lc11l 1>c,i11I cc,1x <Jtti se 1,1e1,t tl1,r1s ti11,1o)'n11<c f Il~ 11r 1111i1011l c11
1ir1, n Ynl,,,. , 1,,,.,. llC \'C\11 t>n~ Jc,11 ,1,,111,cr llllr ll:111 ('Il Ill (Vic) l>,,,,,i,e.
c,11 (:,,1 c1nlroirr) il~ n111tl11t 1111 10111 111,111 i111111 c n~c. <:<ttx <111i lro<1t1r11l ln foi
,.,,,,t,r l'i11c-1())"0llf'(' ''" .,,,i~c,11 ('Il 1ir1, Rv,,1,,,i' ri n,1ro11l '''' lot1r111r11I ("rt1cl.
C)11r tcux tllli ~0111 i1,ri,lrl(~ ,,e co1,~il1cnt 1>c>i11I (ltlr. cc ,,,,., N<>llS lc,11 iltlf)llr-
li~~()OS, l"or11111e cl-lni, ~,,it u,, l,icn 1><111 ,.. ,,x : rc ,111c Nl1t1s lc,11 i111pnrtisso11s
ctl111111c tlrlni cc;l <l<'~ti11t' i, cc qt1'ils ~1n11cli~~rnt <'' prl,. Ils n11ronl 1111 Tou1-
,,,r11l n, ilis~:1,11 > ; 11,i,I. l 72. JR5, 1Rft. 1!lfi : c qur 11c 1r11,1,~c 1>oi11I l'n~ilo
liftll. en tc Jl:l) ~, tir l'l'IIX (l\li ~(ltll 11fiflls. (:l1(I\'C Jc1tissn11tc, (ltliS, 1)0\lr
1,fllJ!C, 1;, (il1,1111c I l~l r111cllc ,1,trslnl,lc C'o11,J,c 1 >
(17) Su,11. I\', t:19.
C!IIE(! l>B l.'APOLO<,IITIUUE ESC.IIATOJ .. 001(.lUE MECQUOISE 271
2(). (c,11 l,icr1) J>t11(lc>11 cl s1,tisf1tc.'I<>ll <le Ynl1,v, nlo1s (Jtle Jn Vic
J111111tlintc csl sc11lc111c11t jot1issance lao1a11,ct1se (18).
A1nl,c i<l<>ldl1es, l1y1>oc1ilcs (t!)), 011 1c11gt1ls I Vo\1lez-vot1s vi--

let celle J.'<>t1r11oise q11i ne s'lei11t jn111ois ? Un sc11I 111oyc11 : obis-
sez il Yul1,v. Vo11s 11>liqt1ez CJllC vo11s 11e le voyez ni ne l'ente11-
<lez. C'est v1oi. De1>t1is M,,sc, il 11'n 1,I11s 1>nrl I11i-1n1ne l'l1111nn-
11il. l\[ais il y a <les 11101tels co111111e vo11s, qtai ont 1ct1 1t1iss(llt
<Il~ ,,c,11s l1n11s111ell1c et (le vot1s ex1>li<1ue1 sa J>nrole. Eco11tez les
n1>(,11es cle Yltll\\'. Dieu votas en a g1aciet1se111e11t e11v0Jr tln CJtli
t>t,tlt V(>l1c l:1ng11e. C'est l\1ol1nn1111e(I, <111e j'ai i11slrt1it <le ln religio11
tl<~ r.tc,sc .Je ltti ni ex1>lic111 11ot1e gro11ot1r faciliter sn
11,issi,,11, j'ni l1ntl11il e11. voire lnngt1e cc Livre <les Rvlatio11s qt1c
\'nl1,,c.~ 11<>tts 11 cotln tlc1>t1 is <les sicles. Si vous voulez 111air1lc11n11I
c11lc11(l1c ,,111,v, cottlcz :-1<>11 011t1e l\1(ll1a1n1nc<l. E11 ol1issn11I n
l\l(>l111111111C'(I, c'est Ynl1,v <Jtle vo11s ol>issC'z ; vot1s vilc1e7. nl<>ts
le lr11il>lc cl11li111e11t. ~1nis (!Il 1ef11sn11t <le le s11iv1e, vo11s sn,,e1. cc
1t1i V<>t1s i1lle11(l lln11s ln vjc d11 Mo11tle veni1:
18. Q11l (tll(lllC <lS()l)t~il n Ynl,,v el n S011 AJ>lre cl trnnsg,essc

0
~es lc,is, '\Tnl1w le fc,n e11l1e1 (ln11s 1111 Feu oit il rcslc1n,
i11111101tcl. A (ce l11111sg1esset11), tin lot111ne11t ovilissnnl (20).
(18) S(,ttt. I .. VII, 18-2(1; V<li1 1111~~1 11,i,f. 12, 14; voir nt~~, ~Ollr. IV, 60 :
c (;,~ltX <(tli 01110111 t i1l('l'l'<l 11lts c11 110~ c11s<i~11c111cnls, No,1s leur (t"ro11s
11lf1(l11lr1 t1r1 l"cu (cl}, c-l1:1,1l1r. rc,i~ (flic ll'ttr 1>cnt1 .sc111 clcsscl1c, No,,s 1,,
lt11r l1;111g('ro11s 1,111 1111c n11llc, nri11 <flt'ils gof1tcnt le Tourr11c11t (c11 ternit).
Y,1ill,,,f est 1111issnnt C!I sn~r >.
( 1tJ) Voi1 n11ssi ~011r. IV, 139 : c Ynl1w runiro les Hypoc-riles cl les
1,,ricll(~. tlnns ln Gl1c11n,?, c11 l<,l11lil > voi1 nttssl 11,id. 144-145 : c l .. rs
ll)'l<)il,s st1,,11l nt1 cleu1 i1,r,ic,11 titi J. c,1 et 111 11c 1~111 11,,,,vc,ns poi11l
el':1,1xiliai1,,. Ex<ctl1io11 f,tilc 10111 rc,1x cJttl ~rro,11 1rvc1111~ ((le lctar cr1et11),
c111i s( ~,1,-,,11 1i-ro1111t'~. qt1i ~! ~~ro11I 11ai~ 1101~ ,I~ pi1il pnr ln ,,rotccI io11 ,11
''i,l,,,- tl ,,,11(,111 v,111 lc,11 ,11llt ,\ ~i,11,,v. t~t11x-ln sonl nvrr. les (;1oyo1,1s, t,1
,,~1,,, 10111,,11, :1,1x (~1c,)n11ls t11,c 1l1il,t1ll,11 i11111c11sc > ; Ibid . 150 : c Not1,
11,,,1,s ,,1t'1:11 ll(lt11 ft's 11,ri,llls ,111 l<>t11~111e11I ovilissn,,t , ; Ibid. 150 : c A
''"''" cl',111,c c.11x q11l ~,,11t l11f'r~,l11lc~, Notr~ n,011~ 1,11,or~ 11n l(>t1r,11rnl
1,,,,1 > ; il,i,I. lfifl-lfi7: c (A'11x ,rui so,,t i11rt\?(l11le~ rt i11Jt1slc~, Vn1,wi' 11r.
sr lro11,r l>f1i11l l<11r pn1clo1111c1 111 les ,liri~('r ,lnns t1nc roule (ronvc11nl,lr),
11,nis sc11lc111c11I les 11,c11rr cl1111~ Ir, 1c,11lc ,le la Gl1c11ne o ils restcro11l
i111111clrltl~. <'Il lc1nlt. Cela est rn<ilc Ynl1,v >.
(20) S,1,11. IV, 18 ; ,olr n11~si 11,1,1. 22. t l5 ; 50ttr. l.1IX, : c 11! se sonl
::-i-11n,i:c1 ,I~ Y.,1,,,~ cl rie ~on Apf>trc. (lr q11lronq11e :-.~ ~tporc rie Yaliw (rn
s111,it ln 111111ili,1n). cnr Ynl1w~ t'c;l rc,lot11Al>le c1, so11 rl1Ati1nanl > ; sot1r.
XXXIII, 64,fi(l : c Ynl,,v n n1n11,llt les Jnfi<llc~ ... Plflt nu ciel <1uc 11011s
tt1ssi<t11s ol>C:i Y:11,,,, et que not1s c11ssio11~ ol.,l n I' Aptre 1 >
22 t
1.. ISI.A~I Al,AOE 1::N ,1AI\C.IIE - J..A OUEI\RE
10. E11 ce j,111, ("l'll:< (1,1i n111,t11I t i11Jl,llcs et nt1ro11l ,lsol,i

l'At>lrc ni111C't<,111 111e l11 le11e l<'s rcc(>t1v1e et 11e 1>,>t111011l
ctlct 1111 (st,11) clis( (>111s lt \'1,l1,v (21).
0
A11 l-'e11 tc111rl g1,l<'111(11t fltllt,11,111e n111n lt1 1111 C10Jn11I, 1111
,\111l,c co11,e1ti n lt, 1eligio11 (l'ls,nl l 1)1111s ln so111ate IV, <liff-
1e11ls cos S()lll ex11111i11s: Il 11'csl pns ,1'1111 C,c>)'nnt ,le ltl<lr t111
<:1l,yt111l, Sltttf 1>111 c11ct11 (22). (:c lexie t'!il l(>11j<,t11s cl'1111c i11111or-
lt111ce ta1>il11I<. et les 11111s11l1111,11isPs cl'1111j,>111l'l1t1i n111nie11l g1n11<l
l)l'(lllt i, 111tlilc1 ~ cc \'Cl"S('I. l)'1IJ>l'l'S lt'S i11sl1t1cl()llS <lu 1ubl>i11.
il 11'<'sl j1111111is ()l1111is a', 1111 A1i1lae i ... t,1111i.~. <le l11e1 1111 ,te ses cot-
li~il>t111ni1es. li Il<' l>C'lll )r 11,oi1 <le gtte11e sai11(e c11l1e lllllSlllltJRll-
scis : c li 11'csl ,,l1" cl't111 (:1,,yn11l (le t11e1 1111 llt1l1c C1,1yn11t ; snltf
1>nr e11e1t1 >. Si Cl'l lc c11c111 se J>t'<ltlt1il, le C1c,y111ll c1i111i11C'l ,lcvrn
11>01e1 le l<11t ('llllS il ltl ft1111illc cltl 111c,1t et l,t,fc11se f11itc R Ynl1,v.
11 se lil,1c1n clc st, ,ltllc <\11 11IT11111<l1issn11l 1111 1-:s<:1.Avr-: <~I\OYANT (2.1).
1>t 1>l11s, il 11nie1n le 111ix et,, s,111g il ltt r:,111ille <le ln vicli111e, i, cl1t11gc
1,c,111 celle fo111illL clc tlist1iJ,11~1 cc 1>1i:,: c11 1,11111<">11es.
U11 Rttl1c r11s J>t11I se 1>1sc11lc1 : lo vitti111c fait 1>n1tie cl't111
g1(>tlf>(' l1ostile :111x (:1o)'a111ls, 111:,is elle csl cllt!-111r111e l't'<>)'n11te,
l'i11s11 clt1 111et11l1ip1. J. . c 111rt11t1ie1 se liJ>~1e1n nl(lts J>lll" l'1,fT1n11cl1is-
s,,111e11l tl'tlll est:ln,c ("1'11~'11111, llltlS if tl'ltlll'fl llflS fl pnyl'I" )e l>l"X clll
!\nr1g. S11111,clso11s 1111 ,,11l1c cns : 111 vi<li111e n11>n1li<'11l il 1111 g,,,111,c
lie R cel11i ,111 lll('lll'll'if'I" ,,i,1 1111 )>O(lc. 1)1111s C(\S co11clitic111s, le lll('ltt-
l1irr S(! lil>~1r1:, 1>111 IC' lll'X cl11 s:111g te111is f\ ]n ri,111ille t~t J)OI" l'nf-
r1.111cl1isse111r11I cl llll ('S('l:,,c, Cl'())'tltlt. l\lnis s'il 11',, n11c11n lllClYC11 (IC
9
J>:,~er sn let le ile 1., r,1(:,,11 <lt;fi11c' 1>111 le rnl>l,i11, il jcflnc,n Jlc11,lnnt
clet1~ 111oic, l'<>11st',111irs 1>>111 c,l,tc,11i1 le 1>n1cl<>11 clc Ynli,v, cn1
\'nia,,~ <01111nil l<111l C'I 11 <'SI sngc (2,1).
1\11,i'l il 1111i,1 ' <111'1111 (:10~11111 lt1c llil>rr111r11l ,111 n11l1e f:1o~nnt.
c:esl le cos lt' 1,,t1s lt's 11111s11l1111111s 1,1i f,>111 l11 ~11c11e <l'nt1l1cs
11111st1l1111\11s. I... c cl1:li111c11l st111 lt'11iltlc.~ 1)0111 le c1i111i11l\l :
!):.(J.tlic'Oll(f
,
llC ltl<' 1111 c:1-,)~,,11I, V()l(lllf11i1r111c11I, n111n J)(tllr
c 1cco1111,c11sc l:1 (il1c1111t' (lI, i111111(>tlel, (il 1cslc1,1). Q11e
(21) 11,icl. 40 ; ,,1i1 nt1~"i so,11. IX, fi2 : c <:C'11x (JII nll:11111~1,1 l'A1,t1c
:111ronl tin lo11r111t11I c1,1C'I ! >
(22) lbi,I. 91.
(:!3) <:c-llr 111c~,1i1,lio1, r~l1J,i1,i,111r 11t>11s i11clif111c cl:1i1<"111r11t <111c 1~1 r,n
1,,,,1il <le rrlir~i,11 ,t,1111 11:1lc' le 1:1l,l,i11 n 111ni11lrs 1r111i~cc; 11'<'ff1il< ttl 1ic11
lts clifl'-1cn,rs ~1,1i,,~,-~ I (lllt', ,l,111~ l:1 ,,11111111111;111tf ,tc,c; ,,,,1~11l111n,,i~f~ nro
l1ts. il t'~i~lt' lot1ic111 ~ rit-; (:,~Il''- cl':1111:,11,l,i~ cl cl'cscI:,,(~.
(2_.) So,1r. IV. Ot.
CIIEC DB L'APOLoofrlijUE ESC:IIATOLOOIQUE MECQUOISB 2i3
\ral1,v se cot111011cc cc>11l1e lll I Qtt'II le 1nat1disse et lui pt-
J>nt~<~ 1111 lo111111c11l i111111e11se 1 (25)
1.. e cl1nli111c11l <lt1 Fet1, 111n1e st1r cette ter1e, n'est pos une
111cr1nce 1>111c111e11t verl>u lc cle '\'ala,v. ~ol1c l1istoi1e 11alionole,
1e111n1q11c Je 101Ji11, est 1c1111>Jie clt1 rcit <les cl1dli111er1ls intligs
rt 11 x vi 11 es c1 tt i rli 1e11 l i11 fi l 1es e Yu 1,,, ,
c:111le111 ()<!s l\lo11<lcs.
8. <J11(~ cJe cits ayn11l t i11<lociles l'o1<lre tle let1r Seignel1t

cl tic Ses AJ>t1es, nt1xqt1clles No11s nvo11s !nit re11re co1111>tc
cl'1111c 111n11i1e te11il>lc et nuxc1t1elles Not1s avo11s. inflig 1111
l<>t11111e11t exc1able 1
!}. ((:es cits) gottren l Je cl1ftli1ncnt <le let1r conduite et l'nl>ot1-

lissc111c11l (le le111 co11clt1ile fttl lct11 perte (20).
A l\lcli11c, il existe t111e cnlgoric <le gcn~ pot1r qt1i J'Enfe1 est
,l~ji\ ll11t 1,1t\J>111 : les 1,,,111011s, I<'~ Icl1es tftti 011t peur ,le se c,,111-
,,,0111~111< cf fo11l <le ft111x S<'1111e11ts, ~'i111ngi11n11t Jlar l cncl1cr le111
l:lc.l1clt~. ~ltls lc111 vil slrnlng111c 11'cl1n1,1>c 11ns n11x rega1<l!i <111
111l,l,i11, (ft1i ,l111nsqt1e ces fnt1x jeto11s cl le11r p101net lu rcon1-
t><11sc (ft1'ils 111rilcnt :
t!'i. N'ns-111 J>ns ,,1, cc11x c111i 01111,1is 1>011r ocolytl1cs cles gf'ns co11-
l1e lcstfll{'ls YnJ1,,,~ est t'(>t111011c et <Jtli ne pnrlicipc11t ni <le
V () l I s 11 j (l'e t l X ? I Is j l 11. C 11 l 111 0 n s O Il g r e Ill C 11 t t a 1() rs q l t 'i I s
SllVCII f.
l(i. \',111,v 11 1>11>01tl 1>ot11 et1x 1111 lo11r111e11t lcr1iblc. Co111l>ic11

1111111vuis est ce q11'ils se s011t lrouvs fei1e.
17. Il~ t111l 1>1is Jc111~ se1111c11ls co111111c sa11vega1cfe (27) et se so11t
l~(:n,lt''s ,ltt Cl1c111i11 le Yol1w. A e11x, tin lourn1enl ovilis-
s,111( 1
(2fi) Ibid. 05.

( ~ 1i) Sot I r. I ..XV, 8-D.
(27) V<1i1 n11ssi s011r. IX, 00-!17 : c Ils volis fcro11f ,les scr111cnt~ pnr
'':-.1,,,t", (111n11,I vo11s rC'vlc11<lre,: t>n1111i eux, flo11r (Jtte? vo115 vo,15 ,tto111nic1.
,1c11x. l>(tc,c1.-vo11s ,1c11x f lis ~,1111 sc11il,111c cl lrur rcftJRC ~cro ln Gl1cr111c,
111 1i'c11111c11sc ,le cc qtl'll~ se srr<111I lrot1v s'~t1c nc,111is. Ils vou~ lo,1t ,te,
~,1,,1,111~ 11111 r111r. \'Oll~ les ,,uricz (il no,1vc,111). Yol1w n'ogrc,n point Je
1><.111,lc les 1,c,vc1s >.
18
~l
l. l.',I.A~I Ail \IIE 1:N ~IAI\CIIE - LA OUEnnB
18. Ni lc111s J,ir11s 11i lc111s t11rn11ls 11e lct11 servi1011l tle 1ien
,1,1111~ ,,,11,,t;. t:t11x .. Ji1 sc1c>11l les Jlll'S (Ill 1~ct1 <>tl ils 1esle-
1c11l i111111>1lrls.
l!). (Ni le111s l>l'IIS 11i Jr111~ <'11f;111ls 11c lc111 sc1vi1011t) n11 jo111 oi1,
e11 1(>11,lilt", ,.,1,,, lls 1:11>11cllc1n (n l:1 \'ic), oit ils I... 11i fc1ont
st1111c11l, t,1,,,s c1t1'ils t1<>ic11l l1c cl1111s Je v11,i. 1~11 tttoi 1 11e
S(Jlll-ils ll(III( (lt'S 111c11lct11s 1
. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .
...
21. t:c11x c111i ,li1i~r'11I cl<"s 1>>i11l('S (28) co11l1c \'111,,,, cl Sc111 AJ><> ..
t1c, ccttx-li, sc1011I 1>111111i lts 1>lt1s viJs (2U).
1..,, ,,c,stI I;"; c111c 11,,11s ,c11(,11s ,Il'' cilC't' n t~l<' ("t11ic11sc111c1,1 i1,lc.'t'-
1,1t"~l (ltll" lc~s l'C)lllllle11(11(('lll'S, ll ltt l'l'lll()l"(l\lC <le '1'01Jn1y (c g111n,l1
0
1c,111n11<.'t'I' ()C l'J"rltlll 1111tl>C (Jll 11 t( 'llSS , (>lll" S<'S CCllllllll!lllOl"CS

,xl111vog,111ts i, clt'li1<:l1c1 t'<'l Isl:1111 ,le ses S(ll11c<'s s1,cifl(1t1C'111e11l
jll\'('S Oltl(lt<::1111 ,,:11 le f11il llll'lll(' 1111 l'!IJ>l>l'(lCJl( lllCll( i11cJ l'lllt'C
1
lsl:1111 cl <:l11isli.111is111c. J)'111>1fs 'l':1l,n1.}' cl se~ it<ll11t!11ls, /,s yr11.'

,o,,trc l,.-.,111</, 1,,1,,,,,~ r.,t r,,1111,,,,,. sc1t1ie11l ,les .l11ifs 111cli11c,is, cl
il)' 11t11t1il clo11s cc l<'xl, 1111e i1Jl11si,,11 n11x C<>11cilit1l111lcs <111c, sclo11
li, 'l"111<lilio11 l1isl()lic,,-J,i,>g101,l1i(fll(', lt'S .Jt1irs N11(Il" Clll"Clll nvcc le
cl1tf clcs II31>ot1ilcs Al1,I-All11l1 i. Ul>11J'Y > (:l()). Q11oi <Jtt'o1, en
1
t>l'llse, je 11e s11is 1>:1s 1111 1><>l111isle ; je ''(ttt<l1nis l1ic11, Jlc,111 111tt t11111-
c111illil J>r1s<l1111tlle, f:1i1c 1>l11isi1 i, 'l'11l>t11y cl a', lotts cc11x c111e ses
c1,111111r11l11irrs <111 lcllc111e11l i1111>1c-ssi<>1111s. Mitis C<l111111e11t f 11i1e ?
.J'11i t1n11scril les lexies ; 1elis,>11s-lcs e11se111l>Je, sn11s i<les 111c<>11-
t..t1c. ~\tl VI. lfi, 1111 lllClllSClll" J>01Jc R llll Ottll"C ; c'est l'llltletlr (les
,\,/es ,/e /'/,-;/c1111 f(tli (lit n \Ill Ottll'C lllOllSClll, - (le (ott1C
t~,iclc11cc l\l,1l1:1111111ccl --, 11'11s-l11 1>t1s vt1 cc,1.1: ,,,,; 0111 ,,,is
JJ<>111 aco-
l.r1ll1rs clcs g<,11s c,>11/1, /1.-;,111rl.'\ 1,,1,,,, s'r.c;l ,011r1,>11c? ... _ ()11 11ot1s
1>1,,1,ose clc v<~i, t11 ('l"S 1-j<'lls clc~ .lt1ifs 111<li11ois..rc vct1x 1>ic11 ; 111nis
111'cl11 11011s clt;111,,1ll1c s,111,11111vn11I, 1>:t1 <les fnils 1110l1011ls, q11c
,,,11,, est c1,1111c,tt('t l'(t11t1c ('CS .J11if:-;. C<,1111otll'l! 1,t,111,1t1c>i, it (lltcl
0
'
s11jt'I ? cle1>11is c1l1i,11tl ? I ... tl Sltilc tltt lexie est 011ssi i11co1111>1l1e11si-
ltl, ~i l'c,11 vet1l l'111>1>lic111c1 1111x J11irs 111cli11ois. <:<'S yc11s, y est-il (lit,
(2Rl V(1i1 011c;c_i 111i111r ~,1111. l~\7 111. fl = Cr11~ c111I eliri~"11t lr~ 11olnf<'~
,1,11l1c' ''nl1,, et s1t11 A11,,1,r S('101,t jl'ls ri1c il trt'1"r. ro1r,n1c l'ont ~l rc11x
c111i r,11c11l n,.,111 ('IIX. Nc,11s n\"()11~ r:,it cl~tc11l1c ,le ,l:1i1s ('IIS('g11t111r11ls
,\11=< l11fi1l~lc~ 1111 lc111111c11I :1,ilis~:,111 > ; ,c,i, . 11t1~c;i IX. (j 1 : c N,: s:1,r11l-i1s
1,,,i11I (ftt'i, rrl11i <111i ,li1i~, cl<'S 1ci11lc~ r(t11t1c '':11,,,.,. cl Sc,11 A1>'"'>l1" rsl
cl1~li1,i le 1:ct1 ,le 1:, (iil1c1111<' (>li, i1a1111c11 lcl, il rc~lc1,, ? (: esl lit l'<)11,1(,l>1c
1
l11,111r1,~c ~.
(~tl) S,1,1r. 1. \'111. t !i -21.
(:itt) ll1.Ac:11t:1,H, ('/' ,il., 1. 111. 1>. 1(127. n. 15.
~r.llEC DE L'Al,OLOGl~flQUE ESCIIATOLOGIQUE MECQUOISB 275
rie 1>arlici1>r11l 111 clr. ,,o,,~ 11i ,1c,1x. lis jr1renl 1ne1tso11atreme11t alors
,,,,;1.'- s,1vt11I. Je vc.>t1tl11,is 1,i<!ll ((tl'<>11 1l1'ex1,liq11l\t ce texte. En qtt(>
les .J 11ifs 111tli11t,is ,,e J>cr1lici11e11l 11i cle vo11s ,,i cle11x ? E11 qt1oi co11-
sislc lt't11 ? 1',,11l celn 11'rt t>os (le se11s. Il tuit 1>0111'ln11l
111l'11st,11gc
si ft1,ile tic ll1ercl1cr <l'olJ()l'01 vo11s. et pn1 e,1.1!
Il< t>li1l~s cl1111s le C(>tllcxlc l1islo1iqt1e q11e 11011s nvo11s e:<p<s tn11l
1
clc rc1>1"scs, ces versets <le ln sotttntc L,1 111 11c rcnfern1e11t a11ct111
11t)'Sl1e. T..e 1nl>bi11 tlil l\lol10111111cns v11 ces A,ol>cs
cc,11l1e lcs<111cls Yol,,,~ est C(>t111011c ? 011 11c 1>et1l les 1angf'1 ln11s
11t1c1111c c11lt,tc>1ic : les co1111,le1 1>n1111i les C1oya11ls ? l1111>ossil,lc ;
011 f(>tlns. Les co11fo11<lrc nvec les
l11fi<lll'S ? C'est Jln1cillc1nc11t i1n1>ossil)le, cor ils fo11t J>n1lic exl-
1ic111c111c11t <le vol1e C<>t11111t1naul ; selo11 les ci1consla11ces, ils se
ti1c11t cl'11fl',1i1e c11 111e11ln11l crT1<l11l111e11l, nvcc se1111e11ls s'il Je f1111l.
li 11e s'ngil <l>11c J>ns <le Jt1ifs, 111nis (l'A1nl>l's l1y1>oc1itcs CJtli j(>t1e11t
Je cl<>trl,lc jctt > et <ttii, 11011s l'avons vt1, so11l ln g1a11<lc 1>11,ic tic
l']s111111 111111,c 111cli11ois. C'est 1>0111 e11x, 11011s le SOV(ltls, <ttte Ynl,,,,~
n 1,11>111 1111 lou1111c11l lc11il,Jc. Celle ex1>licntio11-l 11<>t1s S<'J111,lt'
J>ln11sil,lc, 1clle, settlc c,,,,ol>lc <l'nsst1rcr s1111s occrocl1ngc ln lct-
l111c C<>11eclc <les vc1scls 17-21 <le ltt s<>t1rnle r. . ,,1111e1>1<><lt1ils ci-clcs-
st1s.
r~,,
s11ivn11l l'ot(l1c cl11c>11ol<1gic111c lie N,l,lekc-Scl1,vnlly, notas
011ivc>11s 111;1i11le11011l il ln so111n(e XXII, <(tti se1oil ln. 17 star 28 tics
sc111111lcs 111<li11oiscs. A t111c 1>1e111i1c lcclt11e, cc1lni11s l111r11ls ,Je
cellt! s(tt11t1lc J)lt1oissc11t 1n1>1>elcr <les lexies ,le ln l1oisi111e pe1io<lt'
111~<.(ftl(>s<.~. (l<>t11 C(! <111i cc>1tct!111e le Pnao<lis el l'Enfer (Jonl 11ot1s
J>1,1lt>11s, ln 1essc111l,lu11cc est nssez f101>1>a11te :
1. llllll1111cs I c1nig11ez vol1e Seig11et11 1 I~c sis111c <le l'llet1re

SCl"ll cl,ose llllllCllSC,
2. <'Il <e jo11r o vo11s ve11c1.: rl1nc111e nf>t111ice t1laisse1 t'C

c111'clle nllnile, (<>i1> cl1n,1t1c fe111elle fco11(le, (le l<'rrrt11),
111('ll1n l>ns re <1t1'ellc 1,,,,te, (<ltt) ltt V('rtns les Jlo111111e~ ivres,
l,ic1t fJtt'ils 11c le soic11t 1>oi11l. l...e lot11111e11l <le Yol1,,, se1u
lc11il,lc.

:l. Pn1111i
les Jlo111111es. il e11 est q11i fli~c11(e11t st1r Yol1,v, SAl\s
(cltc11ir n11ct111c) Sci e11cc et qt1i s11ivc11l lotit D1non rvolt.
4. A l'#lntI (le ccl11i-ci, il o l c1it qt1'il ,:{n1ero et <lroge,n

''<'l"s le lot11111c11l (lt1 Jl1nsier <111iconc1uc l'nt110 p1is co111111c
1>11 t 1()11.

,-,.
_, , 1.'1~1.\1'1 Al,,\111~ EN ~rAnCIIE - LA GUEnl\B
1~. l.,ttt11 l,r1,11tc,111, cl'l11,111111<:'s, le l<>t1rr11c11l esl i11lt1ctoble.

9
IU. (('Ill) (jlllcll<lllC lll()lsc ,.tlll\\' ll 0ltl"tl llttl J,ic11fni( (Ull Jlll,lC-
lllelll l)c111ic1). , ,,1,,, r:1il cc (Jta'll vettl.
2(). \'t,ici ltttX ~1(1t11,cs n(lvct~cs (:JI) lft1i se <1t1(1clle11l 1111 st1jet
(le le111 Scig11c111. A cct1x 1t1i s0111 i11Ji(lles se1(111l lnills des
vlc11ll'11ls lie 1l'lt; sttt lct11s l~les se1n vc1sc clc l'ent1 l>()ltil-
l1,11l(1,
~l. 1>111 ln,111< 11, se1<,11t cc,11s11111'es le11 1s r11l1nillcs cl le111 1>en11;
1
(1 ) (1l' s 1 C) 11 ( ' 1s (1C f C' 1 1e l 11 s e 1. ( )1l t (1es l i 11 s ;
~2. clttl<(II<.' f<lis c111c, c1c <.l1ng1i11, ils ,<>t1(11c,11t s<>1li1 le C<! }t'('t1. ils
)' sc1011I 1:,111f'1lt's (:I~) (cl il lc,11 se1n c1i) : c (it,i"1l<'Z le
lc,11111111l <1(' li, (:11lci11t1lio11 f > (:l:l).
llic11 c111c ll()IIS IIC l111ili()IIS 1,11s (>t11nclis 111cli1t(>s,

CIIC() l'C cl11
1tJllill'((ll()IIS (', ))()111" Il(' 1,1,,s )' (>Jll'll<lis 1t ssc1111Jlc
l'('Vl'lti1, l JllC l'(! 1
c11 1111 cc11,,i11 11c,111l)1< tl(\ 11c,i11ls i', ccl11i ,les st,111ttlcs 111c~cc1t1c>ist!s :
,,,11,, fc111 r1111c1 ce11x Cftli ;1111,,11l cttt cl f11il les <ct1v1es pies,
(lt111s les J111(li11s st>LIS lcs111cls Ct)11le1c111l l l S 111issL'nt1x, (>li ils scronl
11
1111s cle l,111<tlcls <l',a cl tic 1>c1lcs, (> lct11s vlc111c11ts se1011t e
S(JC : cettx-ln ittll'()llt ct c.li1igt~S vc1s ltl lJ cllc )">n1olc et vets ltt Voie
.1,1 l)ig11e tle L.<)lllltlgcs > c:i 1). s1,1>1>t1ynnl Sllr ces l"'CSse111l>lnnces.
ce1tni11s cxglcs - el (les 111eillc111s. co111111e Ni>llcl<c-Scl1wnll)'. -
(>11t 11c11s q11c c<1lt1i11cs 1>t11lics (le celle s 01111,le XXII sc1oil tlo1i-
gi11c 111ecc111uist. /\ )' J,ic11 1flcl1i1', 11011s nt11it)11s 1>lttl<A>l let1(lo11ce.
('<111se1,e1 1)u1111i les textes 111cli1,ois 1111ne les vc1sels 21-21 tlcri-
,,111l l'l~11rc1 et lt' ll,,1,,clis. ()11 11c 1cl1c>t1vc 1,111s, c11 cITet, tl1111s ces
41l'SCl'l>I()IIS, Ili lts ltt)l"l'Clll'S (le l'E11f e1 lllCC(JIIC>S, Jli les litscivcs
l1c>t11is <111 )ln1:1cli~. J.,e 1i,l>l,i11 s~111l,Ic s'l ,e 1nvist~ ; 1,c11l-l1c n-1-il
c'l ltt s111 l'cf(i<"':ttil ,le C(llt' a11>>l<lgli<Jtlc, cc c1t1i 11c,tl:i ex1)li-
111c111il Il' 1t'c11l c111e 11t>t1s cc)11slnlt>1is ll1111s ses (lcsc1i1,tiu11s escl1n-
l c,) (l{J<J li CS.
l~ll rclis1111I 1~ ICXll' l)l'rll<1, l'Cllllll'flll()llS \Ill(' f,,is cfe J)lllS C(tle Je
11,l>l)i11 n (livis(' )(\~ A,nl,rs < 11 cl<'llX ~1ot11,c~ : les <:1oyn1,ts, el les
1
111fitlles. I... 'I~11fCl' t'St 1se1v t\ ces (le111 i e1"s :
(JI) ri Ir, 11,ricllts.

l,('c; ('fO~ :1111--;
(:12) \'(1i1 ,,,1c;~i ~,.,,,. 11, 102.
(:t:l) X'\11. 1-21.
St1111.
(J 1) ll>ic/. 2:1 ~ t.
l~(:lll~C DE L'Arol.O(il1'11(JUE ESCIIATOLOGIQUE MECQUOlSB 277
5(). C.C'tlX s've1l11c11l co11t1e Nos e11seignc1ne11ls, po11r No,1s
f)tti
rcl11i1e il l'i1111lttissn11cc, ccltx-lil se1ont les 1-Itcs de la Fo1,r-
11nse (35).
J)n11s les S<lt11nles 111cli11oises, n(,tls l"Cl1011vons cc 1t1111e tl1111c

n lo11l bo11t ,le cl1n1111> : el ces l11ficlles pro111is oux fln111n1es rlea. .
11cllc~ 11e s11u1aicnt l1c les J11ifs, C(>m111e l'affirn1e11t beltl1co111l
ll'exgtcs (~<>nle1111>01nins. (:c s0111 les A111IJes e11d11rcis <lans let11
(lc,lf1l1ic, <,11 1>ot111is 1>n1 111J't>oc1isie : c (Ynl1"') lo111111c11tc1n lt~
l l~t><>c1ilcs, l1,>111111es ott f e111111cs, les Associo.lcttrs cl les Associol1i-
ces, te11x <Jtti fo11t st11 Ynl1,v la cc>11jecl111e 1nnt1vaise. Conl1e e11x
le S<)l'l 111l111,11is I Q11c Ya,11,v se co1111"ot1cc (36), co11lre tttx, el lrs
111n11cliss<' 1 Q11'Il Jlr1>n1e 11ot11 ct1x ln Gcl1c1111c I Qt1el tlteslnl>lc
l )l~V('II l' J (37)
11.,,1,t>('tilcs el l1tl(>t1i11s, ,111i 11c vc,1lc11l 1>oi11t 11n1-ticipcr nt1x
<tl111l,11ls clt111s le Cl1c111i11 cle Yol1,v, t111ro11t JlOtll' c rcc,1n1>c11s(' >
1111 l,111sit'1", 1>11is,111'ils 1,'011l f>RS vo,1111 croi1e ntt Diett tl'Js,ol 1,i n
l',\1,r,11~ ,.,,,,c) 1>>t11 l'IIX (:\8). - f\1<,11n111111ccl l l1 1opl1tc <le YuJ,,v,
111~1,c, lc,i r111ssi, tcl111l>nl c or1t1c I<.'~ l11fl,llcs et les lly1locrill's. tl
:;,,is cl111 <c,11l1c ct1x I J. . c,11 1crt,gc sc111 li, Gl1c11ne, el <111cl (llcs-
l I JJ f(' I ) t ~ \' C 11 I" > 1 (J ~))
C.c'lt1i (ttii t1011nc 11i11si les cl1(11cs l\f,l1n111111c<l est 1111 Lil,tislc
l1i,s ttV<'1li, 1111 lnl11111(liste, 1111 li11gt1islc ; c'est 1111 l10111111e llet1 bn11nl,
cl't111C' i11lC'lligc11cc vi,,e cl le vc>l(>11t i11l,rn11lt,l,lc; c'est 11n 01><.>lte
(ftti, ,,,,tir i1111,lnntcr le jt1cl1,s111e (lans les l1il,11s 1110l)es. nl1sile 1>1ls
(il:.) lt,i,/. 50 ; voir n,1~~1 i t,i,I. 54, 50 : c C<'tt-:c ,1111 s,nt fnrrtrl11lrs nr
('('S~f'l"(llll cl"r(1c en tin <l()lllC fl l l'#{:trcl (le (C'C(lc ltv~ln(l)O) j11~(1ll 0 t"C <lllf'
1 1
l'llt!lllc \'('IIIIC O eux, l'i111p1()\'st~, ou qtlC \'('OtlC n CllX le to,1111,e,,t ,11111

ltlll" 1l('\'R~l:llc111 . .. C~llX (JIii fll l l"(ltll ( i11ritllE'~ Cl Rlll'Otll lrnil~ tlO~ (\0!\t'i
,~111111f'nls clt.. 11111sonl-{c~, ,11110111 1111 101111,1'111 n,ili~sn11l > ; 11,;,1. 71 : c Q,1,,1,,I
110~ ,lni1~ <'ll~riJlnc111(t1I~ lct11 ~<'ront <'01n111,1niql1t~. Ill rccon11nis le llll\-
111:1l,ll s11r le visnFCr ,le rr,1x Cl i so11t l11ri(ll~s cf il ~en fAtll I<' pr11 (111'if!\
,,,, 11,1lcslc1,1 cr,1x qui l<',11 <'<>111111t11,i<111c11t no~ c11s<'i~nc1,1c11t~. l>is (-lc,11) :
c 1~11 c111c>I ! ,o,,~ n,i~t1,1iJ tir. 1>i~ <111r r<I:, 1 l . c Fct1 1 Y,,11,v l'a, 11r<>111i~ ,,
rc11x c111l n111<,11t ~l i11fitll<'!I I Qtl(I tlrlc~tnl,lc l)cvc11l1 1 , ; voir n,1ssl ~0111.
IX, 11t. 52.
(3f;) N,,,,~ 1,0,1\'0ll~ .. ~ 11,t-11 , c l('l'IIIC ,1n11~ 1.. v111. l: l . rs C'OtlllllCllt,,tC'III',
cclll<'lllll(ll";lllS Cllll ('1"11 lcl'tllir ir1 OV<'t" <les J11irs 111cli11ois C'CS 8<'R~ COllll'C
(J11i \'nl,,,, c'~l i11il. 1,1,;1,, <l,1 1,s le lexie'. 11c }1<'1111,l pn1cillc trlc11lifi~nli,l11
(voir t)l11, 110111, p. ). Il ~nRil, clo11s I ..VIII, 5, <l'Arnl,rs hy1locrilcs. C'rc;t
ro1111~ <'ltX qtlC' Ynl1,v r~l irrif6.
(37) Stlttr XI . VIII, fi.
(:i8) 11,i,/. l:i, 10, 17.
(39) So,11. I.XVI. 0 ; IX, 74 -75 : c O l>1,,1ll1~lc 1 111nc le con1llnl conlrc
lrs l11ri,llt's t'I le~ 111'1,orrilr~ tl soi! (l11r ccnlr~ c11x I I . ct1r rcr11ge sern ln
Ciil1,1,,1<' > .. ,le . ; ll,l,I. 68-(;U : I .. <'~ lf~,,,orril<'~ ~o,,I cl~s J>~r,cr~. Ynl1,Y
n ,,,.,,,,,i~ n1rx 11)1>,,,ilc~, l1(lt11 111rs cI rc,11111<'~. oi11si q11'u,1x Inritlles, le ft11
clc l;l (iiJ1c111,c. oi,, i11111101 lcJs, ils tlc111cu1cro11t > ; voir V, 45.
2i8 1,'1sl,Al'I Ar,,\IJI-: t:N MAI\CIIE - LA UUEI\RE
,, 11c11cl1c les i11ili:11i,ts les 1>l11s l1,t1cli<'s ; co11voinc,1 (le ln vtit

clts 1(\vt\l:1lic,11s 111c,sr111111'S, il si,il s'11cln1)le1 nt1x (livc1ses silt1ntio11s
1,c,111 s<1,i1 <>tl s,111,er celle ,i'1i1c. Il o cl,c>isi ~t,,I101111nc<l, il l'n i11s-
l1t1il clc l'l1i~l(1i1c stti11lc ; il l'i, 1,c,11ss tln 11s les voies religict1scs tllt
j11fl(1s111<'. Il :, 111:111c1t1,1 ,,vcc 111,c telle cu11vicli,,11, nvec 1111e si
ll1is:,n11lt fc,1('t' le 1>c1s11nsi,,11, lJlt'il n fnit ,le l11i 1111 Pro1>l1le <ltt
.i11tl1,s111c 1lnt111i l<s J\11,l,rs, t111 AJlltc <le Y11J1,v it qt1i 1'011 tloil
c,l,fi, cc,11111,c il l)ic11 11t:'111c. I. . e 1nl>l>i11 11'csl t>ns sel1le111c11t t111 rt1-
clil, (?Il ~nl'I, c'c~l 1111 l11)lllll)C n11x l:,1,.tes COIIC'('lllic>l)S. S'il C()llllltC'llCC
sc,11 111><>slclla1t l1s f>tlilc111t11l, il 1>c11se 11n11111<,i11s, ,ls le (l1,a1l,
clrs 1{'nlis,1lic111s g11111<li<>scs: c'est l'J\1111,ie lottl c11ti1c <Jtt'il s011-
l,1,ilc <c,11,l tli1 i111 1>ittt cl(' 1\1,,i~c. C.e t1n <lt1cle111 (lt1 C<>rn11 l1l,1c11,
1
t'<' l'c,1111>c1silc,11 l<s ,1,/,. ,Ir /"l.'i[,1111 csl ttttssi 1111 l1<>111111e l't1clio11.
Nc,11s l'11,,,11s t'11lc11cl11 1>1c:l1c1 c,,1)1111e 1111 n11111(,11ic1 111ililni1e,
:11111,,11n11I 11\'('l' fc1,,t'111 c1i1c 111,,,11i1 1>,>111 "\"t1l1,vt', cc 11't11il JlRS
111c1111i1 ,111i111c11I, 111i,is t'tl1n11g<'t' ('<'lie vie lc11csl1c 1><1111 1111e tc1-
11il,! l>l'11l1<111<'11sr. Nc>11s ''(l~'c>11s C'11st1ilc (Jll<~ t,,
g11c11e s11i11lc, le
e,111!,,11 cl1111s Jt ,:1,~111i11 clc- , .. 1,1,,,,,; 1,1nli<1t1 ,lc1>11is <les sicl<'S c11ez
1,s l lc~l,1t11x tI tl1,z 1,,s .l11ifs, n i'l 1~vl<;c cl i1111>lnntfe <l1c1. les
,\1111,C's ll111 l'(' .J11if ,xl1,,,,1<li11;1i1<'. Pc11cl1, 11t les (;11t'11cs l\1cli11c,i~cs.
11,,11s liscltls SC'- <)1,l1~s <1tt .lc,111 >. P(,1 11 l'i11sl:111I, 11ott~ l11cl<)llS
l'l:11fc1 41111,s lc's s,1111i1l<'S 111t;cli11<,iscs ; 11<>t1s c11 sc>111111cs n11ivs it
1:, sc,,11nlc' IX, l':1,1111l-cl(111ii1t' cl<s A,fr.~ : elle tltl>tllc lll'(~is~111e11l
11:11 1111c 1,1,,ll:1111:,lic,11 <l11i1,,1111111I<' c<>111111c l~cllc <l't111 g111nl, el
)>Ill" llllct11s llltllls:1111(', C'(tllllllC 1
J>C'IIVt'll( l'l1c IOllS les (~f1crs-tl 1
tCU-
\'I'(' tic ('C gc1tt'(' 111ilil:1i1<.'. (i,,ttlt' l V()llS ( llVl'CZ le l)t\11 f :
1. <I(' , .. :,11,, et (1t S,,11 A1><,l1e, 1><lt11 cc11x <les Asso-

l111111,111ilc'
c:inle111s n,cc <111i ,c1t1s fl\'l'7. c1111clt1 \111 tnclc.
2. Allez tlt>11t 11:11 ln

lc11<' l11:l11I ffttnl1c 111,,is I Sncl!C'7. <1t1c
,011s 11r r<'cl11i1C":1. llnq ,~i,t,,,,<~ n
l'i1111l11is~n1,cc (\l ,111e Ynl1,v
1,1011g,,1n cln11s 1'<>(l(ltJl>1c les l11fi<1les.
:J. fl1,tl:,111:1lic111 cl<' ,,,,,,,,,~ <'l ,1(' So11 A11"',l1c, n11x ll,l1111,1<'~ n11
jc,111 111:,_<'tt1 cl11 1>t~lf'1i111,g,. '':11,,,,~, ni11si (JII<' So11 J\Jlt)l1e,
so11I 4J~li,~<1 :1 l'c~gn,tl ,l<'s Ass<lrinl r 111s. Si ,,l11s reve1lC'Z (,le
,.f,lte <'1,c,11), <'('ln se1n 1111 l>iC'11 flOt11 v,1tt~. Si (nt1 co11t1ni1c)
V(ltl" ,(lits ,1,-1,,11111r7., ~1t<l1r7. f(tle v<>tts 11c 1ftl11i1cz 11ns Y11l1,v
il )'lll)>ll'-;S,111("(' (,J()).

l .. <'1111<'7. I<' l,:111 , f .<' 111Jal,i11 r, 1>:111,~. c.~sl l11i 111i tln1lc ntt 110111
,le '\'ni,,,,~ rl cl<' i1,.J11,111111C'cl. l:1 111,1is celle S<1lc1111ellc 1,1ocl,11110-
( 10) S,,,,r. IX. 1-~I : !\. XXIV, fin.

<:IIEC l>E L'Al'Ol.(lG'J'l(JUE ES(:llATOI.OGlQUB MECQUOISB 27!)
li<111 111ililni1c, le 1ol1l)i11, se lo11111nnt ve1s itol1n1111ne(l, lui tlit :
Fois g1n(ie11se a11noncc <l't111 lot11111cnt c1t1el ce11x q11i s011l inn-
<llcs > (,11).
1;:,1 cil.111l ('t\ lcxle ici, 11<>t1s nvons vot1lt1 1e11101quer 11nc fois <le
J>lt1s Je tl1<><:l~<l ,111 1:1l)l,i11 : les l11ft(lles, c'esl-n-<lirc cettx <Ilti rcf11-
S<'t1l (>l>iss1,11cc Ynl1,, et n l\Iol1n1111ne<l, 11'n111ont jn111nis ln vic-
l<>i1c! s111 )'nJ1,v. Pc,1st11111c 11c t>Cltl 1i<'11 co11t1c Ltti (112), et c'est 1111
l,ic11 11111t1,:,is ct1lct1I c111c c1c s'co1le1 tic So11 Cl1c1ni11 pot11 co111i1
a11,1is les jc,11i~so11ccs le11csl1cs. ]~lies so11l c vnines les nctions cle
(_.cttx ,111i r<>11l 1>1of<ssi<,11 <l'i11ficllit. J)n1,s le I.. ct1, ils se1011t i111n101--
lc'ls > (,l:l). A cct1x Cftti ll1rsnt1rise11l l'ot cl l'n,gent et 11e fc1nl
1>c1i11t (lc.~1,C'11sc (ln11s le~ Cl1P111i11 <le Ynl,,,,, fnis g1nciet1se n1111011cc
(1'1111 lc,t11111c11I c1t1c1, Oll j,, t11 011 ces 111lnt1x sc1ont t>o1lrs n inc,111-
clcsl't'lll'C cl:111s le }i"ctt <le ln (il1c1l11e, (<>i1) Jln1 c11x se1011l 1nn1c111c.\s
lc111s f1<>11ls, let11s fln11cs cl lc,11 tl<ls, (c>il il l<'t11 serA <ti) : Vt,i(i
t'c <JII<! v<111s tl1!in111isiez 1 (~<i'\tcz ce f(tte vcltts lltl~sn111isiez 1 ( 11)
Celle f<s-ti, le 111I,J,i11 ft1il nll11sicJn ut1x cl11lic11s cl et1x. 111oi11cs .

:l 1. {) ,,,11s c1t1i c1<~c7. ! t'll v1il l,<.'n11cot1Jl <le <locl('ltts et ,le
1111,i1,~s 111n11g<.'11l <~<'11r~ les l,ic11s clcs ge11s ott 110111 ,111 lut1x,
('I s'l~t:11lc11l cl11 C.l1c111i11 clc "\'1,l1,, (,(fi).
11 r11it 1c111i,1<111r1 t111x C1oy1111ls, c11l~11,lc>ns : n11x A1nl>es 111t1s11l-

111n11is~~, q11c, 1>n1111i les cl1rtir11s, s'il cxislc lJCflt1cot11l de 11a11v1cs
<l,t11s 1<.. s l,l1s-rc,11tls clc 1111 f\f, . l,r11c cl clc ~1cli11c, (>n 11(,11,c n11ssi
clc 1>111 le 111011<le ben11co111> cle 1icl1cs. ()11 les l1ot1ve s111lottl 1>n1111i
l<'S (l.,r.le111s<' I les 111oi11es. - Po11r q11clle 1niso11, cln11s sn lrnclt1r-
l<>11-,(lt1t111c11lni1c, J~l11cl11c ,,e,1t-il v<>i1 <ln11s ces doclc111s, <les
.J11ifs ? Il 11'cst t>ns q11eslio11 <le J11ifs la11s rc lexlc I l . . e 11,l>l,i11 y
llll'11tic,1111<' ll'S 111oi11cs ; C<'S 111oi11cs so11l 11ccssni1c111ent cl11lie11~,
,,1 1101,s 11'nvc>ns 011ct111 11,cllif <le cc,nsifl1e1 co111111e j11irs les cl(>C-
tr111s f1ti 1,1t~lcle11I. l\loi11cs el <locte111s, (1011c, se R<llll e1,1icl1is c1,
1>1<'\cl1,,11I, <'Il ('11seig11n11l 1111c rn11ssc <locl1i11e. JI~ 0111 ni11si ll1sot1-
1is(; cl,, l'o, <'I tle l'n1gent e11 s'cn1tn11t titi Cl1e111i11 (le )'1111\\ 1 (~.
1\I,,1111111111t'I, <lis i, C'CS ll<lt11111es q11'1111 jo111 il~ se1011t lo11r111c11(t\~

1>111 trl ,,,~e,,l er 1>111 cet 01, lll1sq11c "\'n1,,v po1tcra ces 111to11x n
i11<.1,11clcstP11tC', cl1111s ln fc,11111nise i11fe111nlc, el q11'II Ic11r 111n1c111c1,1
J,, r1(,11l, 1l'S 11,,1,c~s, el le cl>s, n,,cc le 111lnl <'Il fL1sio11. No11s nvo11s v,,
( 11) f f,itl, :-l.

(12) V<li1 sc,111. XXIV, !ifi.
( 1:1) lt,i,I. 17 ; ,,oit n11ssi i /,i,I. 10 : Y1ll1,v 11c ctl,lgc 1,ns le pr111,lr.
I<~ l 11j11~1~, >.
(11) S. IX. 31-35.
(-If,) lbi,I. 34.
28() f, ' ISl.,\~I ,\lt,\llf: E:N ~IAI\C:IIE - LA GUEnltE
:, i11 t, 111s c o 111111 r 11 I iI rn , 1t i 11 Il' 11, 1 l e r 1e 1 es 1l cc t el

l'es Ii111 e q l 1e
1\1 (ll1a,111111C'cl, stl<,11 ,,,,~ c,,1011is,111ls, t>(ltlnil n11x cl<>clct11s el n,1x
ltlf>lll'S l J>cltll' )'i11sl:11l, 1,,tCll<>IIS l'1111nl11111e <Jltit jcl(e Sllf l'IIX.
J. . ~ 1ol>l>i11, c111i 11c ('<1111><>se 1>:ts 1111 liv,c, 111nis lJtli pa11e selon
ll'S ri1C()IISltlll('CS, atl>tlll<lc11111e les lll()llC'S et lrs tlllCICtll'S J)Otlr ntln-
1111e1 1111c f,is c11t,,1c cc11x ((tti 11~ vc'ttlc11l 11ns 1>1alic111cr le j11,lns1ne.
,~11x <[lti 1ef11sc11l ,le fni1<' l't1t111>11c (I(;), lc.s ll)'l>oc1ites <ttti ne
,t"t1le11l 1111s ~ncifil'I' lt~11s J1ie11s 11i lc11rs 1>c1s01111cs <ln11s les g11er-
1cs C()ltl1c les I,1n(llcs ( 17).
(l11i, ,011s t>11s <111i 111'c11lc'11,lcz, <10111<' Je rol)IJi11 <ln11s ln <lc1ni:'re
~<,l11ntc 111rcli11<isr, c.rnii~11e7. ''1111,, ! (c:a1) Yol1,,t' csl 1<.~cl<,11lnl>lc
<'Il s(,11 c:l1nli1lt<'11t ~ (18). (:c,,x <ttii n111<>nl t i11ri(llcs el n111<,nl
lt.,il Nos c11st'ig111111C"11ls (le 111c11sc111ges Sl'tc111l les Illl'S le ln
l1nisc > ( l!t). ( l11 ,c111c1111il :1l,scl11111~11l 11011s rni1c c1c,ire (lttc les
,l,I,.~ tl( l'l.'iltlllt, r:tllSS('l.1('111 clcrtc)llllll(~S (:,,,.,,,, l)lll. ll()S isl11111isn11ls,
c,,11slil11n11l 111 (l11,111gC" r1<l111i1:1l,lc, ir,i111ilt1l>I<', ,livi11. 11 y n cl11 s11c,-
l,is111<' <lt111s <.'lie 1,r1i111111lic111. Il C'sl l,ie11 clifficile, "'' cffcl, (le 11011-
,r 1 , 1n 11 s t c Ii , ,.c 1111 t, <cl 111 1, cs i l i c>11 1n 11 l s, >i l 1, c' 11 , , 1 t 1<, 1111 l ~ 1 I I c s t
1<1111,li tic 1cclilcs. i11<<'ss1111lrs cl li1ss1,11lcs. Qtt't,11 11<>t1s (lisl~ 1111c cc
li,1<' l'SI ,,,,,,,,1, 11t1t1s le~ ,1)'<>11s ; cl c'c~l 1>1c.'cisct111<'111 1>s11cr. c111'il
c~l ,.i,n11l, fft1'il (':,I 11:11 c,a1111>c>st!: le 1:,l>l>i11 <111i 1'11 t~c1il 1:1l>fi-
cl1c > sn11s trssc l('S 111{111rs tltc,scs, 11cltts fnisn11I c<>1111>1c11tl1c. 1>11r le
r:,il lll(~lllC" lt'S <"ff,,11" cc,11sl:,11ls ('I 11,t's ,1,1'il Il (ll f11i1c }lOllr
tr11,ni11tc tic l:1 1!1:,11tl<~t11 cl clc 1:, <livi,,il ,111 111rss11ge 111osn<Jt1c
,<'S Asnl,rs i, l'<s1,1il l>lt1s, l1c,1> 1C'11fc1111s !it11 <'tlx-111111cs 1>ott1
S lc,c1 n11-clcss11s tlt IC't11s 1><~()(."('tlJ>:1li(lllS le11c n l(~1re.
1 01
(
Jr V(l.lS l'ni <ll~jt, clil l'i J'C'<lil : ( )l)ttisst'Z n Y:111,, cl i, Sclll A1>-
l1c, si11(>ll V<>tlS C.'(>lt11r7. i, ,,>l1c 1>c1,liti,11 ici-b11s cl cln11s le l\l<>Jl<le
~
: 1 \'
.
Cl l l t :
37. L11 rc<)J111r11s<' ,1<! ccttx <111i f<11l 111 g11c11l' Y~1l1,v (I i, So11
A1>l1c cl c111i s',<'1l1tl'll :1 (sc111e1) le S<"Ult(lnlc st11 111 l('1re
sc1n se11ll 111r11l cl'l1c 111<.ts <ltl l't1c c1t1cifil S, 011 <l'nv(,ir les
1 1
1
111ni11s <"I Jcs llictls fl(>Jlc1ss t1n11(l1s, 011 <l <~l1,, l,n1111is <le let1r
l>O)'~. f.eln SC'l'll ll()ltl CllX (l))f)tou1c Cil lrt (\Tic) I111111(lit1le et,
c11 la (''i<) l)e111i1e, ils n111<>11l t111 l<>t11111cnl i111111c11sc.

(,If,) l(,i,I. Xft.

(17 1/,i,I. 8:!; Xl .. \'111. 11-1:l. (:c s1,11l 11~ ll1l,,11i11~ c111c 11111;11~ le 1111,..
l1i11 ,li111s rc~ ve1~lts ; IX. fll : c ~l,1:11,t n11x IJ,l,,11i11s 111i ()Ill l1nil (l'i,,,_
1c1slC'111s '\'nl1,, ri S,111 l>1,11)l11,, t'l ~" !l;r,111 nl>~lrt1115 <le- c-11 <'n1111,nunc, ,,.,,ti,
,,,, 10,1r111cnl rr1tn1111i c11x, <1111 5t>nl i11ricllcs ~ ; ibid.
l 02.
( IR) S1111. \', :l i it,i,l. 99
(40) Ibid. 13.

l~CIIF.C DE

L APOI.. OGJrt'l(lUE ESCIIATOLOGIQUB MECQUOlSB 281
40. Si ret1x q11i i11ri<lles nvnienl e11 lolnlit ce qt1i est dn11s
s011t
111 l<'11e el, nvec cela, 11t1ln11l e11core J>Ottr se rncl,etcr alt Jot1r
,le ln Rst11rcclio11, ccln 11c sc1n po111l ncce1>t <l'eux. A et1x
1111 lot1r1nenl c1t1cl.
,tt. Ils vot1<l1011t so,lir (111 Fet1, 11111is ils 11'e11 s01li1011l poi11t. A
ct1x l<>t11111c11t 1>c1111n11e11l (50).
I ..c 1i1l,lli111e11011,,ellc nttssi ses nflnr111cs contre les cl11tiens. Cc

s,,,11 (lt'S i11111ic.-s cl tics 111c1,l<t11s, coi ils offi11ne11l qtte le ~lcssie, flls
,I<' l\l:11i<', rsl i,lcnli,1t1c n Ynl1,v. C:cla 11'esl J>ns Jlossible. l.,e l\Iessic
11':1-l-il 1>n~ tlil J11i-111111e : 0 l'iJs (l'Is1al I arlo1ez Ynl,,,,, 111011
Scii:11r111 cl I(' v(llre > 1. C'est <1,111c 1111e 1,1cttvc q11'il n'est t>ns Die,1.
,\ (Jt1ico11((t1e <lo1111e <les Assc>tis n Ynl1w, Ynl1,, i11le1<1it le J111-
1
,li11. c:(,ft1i-ln .,,,,n le Ji'ctl ("OllllllC 1<1ft1ge. AtlX l11j,1stes, Jl<>tll (l',,t1-
xili,1irc-s ! > (!li) J..,, 1nl>))t1 s'1,ll11c111e c11co1e ot1x c111. ~tie11s <111i, <lt111s
l',,xng<'111lif>ll ,le le,,,. ,,iPlr, SCllll>l<'lllco11r1e1 0 ~lnrie. 111re clc
.lt'SllS, 1:, ltl(~lllC tli,,i11ilt~ <111'i, Y:111,v et n J~~IIS (f>2) : C Ir111>ics ()Ill
(~(<\ <c11x <ftti c>11l ,lil : ''11l1,vi~ csl le (1oisi111e (l'11ne t1i,1,le >. 11
rt'C'~;I <1<' cli,i11il c111'1111c~ l)i,i11il<~ 111,ic111c. S'ils 11e ccsse11l pc>i11I lt't11
<lil, t<t1x 111i 1,:,1111i c11x st,111 i1111>ics sc1(a11l l<>t1cl1s J>nt 1111 lot11"-
111<'11l (~l'lll'l > (f>J).
f:<>NC'I .USl<>N
1~11 leclt11c ,les lexies rxl1nils flcs Arlt'.~ ,le 11."lam. 1n1>po1lnr1l
Ier, i(IP<'S <'lllSC'~ 1>n1 le 111l ,J>i11 n l\1~<1ittC st11 l'E1,r~1, n,,1ont s11ffi-
sn111111cr1l 111is e11 1clief l<'s rC'ssr111l,l011c<'s el les <1ive1gences J>or rn1>-
1,c,1l 1,11x ,,,<licntio11~ 111ec-,yt1oises ..J'ni foit re1nnrqt1cr h pl11si~111R
1<'1>1isrs l'cl1~c de l'111,ologtiq11e escl1nlolo~iq11c cl li rol,l,i11 tlet1<ln111
:-Oll sr.jo111 rt f .,n Mcc<Jlle. Ln ,,,c,1ve (Jlt'il 11'n JlOS 1t1ssi fl con,rr(ir
1~ent1cc>111l <l'A1nl>c~ e11 let11 (l1lcig11011I l'E11rcr Rous <les ro11le111s
,11,ccrs, c'est (Jtlc, ln cc,11111111nAt1l <le~ mt1st11111nniss nrnl>es, gro~-
siss1111I (c1lc11<1nnl 111 C(11n111t111n,1t l>en11co11p plt1s a11cie1111e <le~
11111s11l111n11s j11ifs, 11r. ft1l pns nssc~ fo1te po11r rsister Atlx nllnf1t1cs
cl(' 11l11s ,,,, tllt1s vit>le11lcs cle ln 1'nclio11 pegnno-cl1rlienne. NolJ!i
r1,'l11s le ,el t\cl1ec 1111c srco11<lt' prct1ve clnns ce fait q11e no11s ve11on~
clc (~011sl1tl<'1: le 1nl>l)i11 1r11011~~n cle l11i-111111e, n ~Jcline, ce genre
(l'n1>c1l,lgt~li,111e, pot11 rcvc11i1 n11x sirn1llcs lig11es t1a(litionnelles ;
(;";0)S,111r. V, 37-41.
(!il) Jt,i,I. 7ft.
(:,2) Vola n11c;~i ~(lltt. V, 11 R : (lln11>clf'1.-vo11s) q11nn,I YnJ,w~ clrrnn11clc :
c () J~~,,~. ril., ,le P.fn,ic, rsl-r 1,,i (1111 n clil a11x llo111n1e~ : c P1c11cz-not1~.
<> cl 111 ,, 111 1r, ro,,, 111c tl i vin i Is cri dessous d c ,. n1, ,v 1 >
(53) S0111. V, 76-77.
J. ISI.,\ ,, ,\11,\111~ l~N ~fAltc:111~ - I..A GUEnnB
)U)
_,1 ....
i,i, t,,111 crtll~ i111:1~,1i" tl(111I il s'~lnil SC'tvi 11(>t1r cnn,<lt1cl1er les
icl,,l1,l1rs (le ltt l<r,'I,:, clis1r11nil. f\l11is n1,1s nvoi1 co11slnl l,cl1cc tic
tr (>l"()(."{~(l, il Jl()tlS r:,111 ll'll O(lllll' ll1(' (Ille l'l~11fc1, 111111c n l\1di11e,
1
11slc le t>lt1s g1n11(I ,,1;!tt111<'11I l11 1:1l>l>i11 ,,,,,,r n111cncr les A1nl>cs Olt
l>i,t1 <l'Is1nl. \'r,11,,i', clit (l ,.l\J>lc le 1nl>l>i11, est 1ecl<>t1lnl>lc e11 s011
tl1:iti111c11t. Scttlr, 1:, fc1i r11 '\'nl1,,r<', c11 s011 exisler1ce ccl111111e J)ic11
0
1T1,ir111C', Cil Sl\ 'l f)111C'-1>11iss:111l"l', JlClll (lOtl~ sn11vrr (le re rl1nli11tC'lll.
111i S('ltt 1111 <l1i\li111t11l llnt le rltt. (:l~tle (lt~cln1nli<l11 est cc>r1sln11le :
11~1,f('1 ('SI \lll l~C.'11. ,~,. ("(\1:,, le 1:1l,l,i11 Il(' f:til (fllC ~tl\'l'C les Cl\sci ..
i~llC'lllCltls <let,\. ri'.: ,nl1,, l<lll J)ictl CSl llll fcll <lV(ll'Olll, 1111 ))clt
i:1ltltlx (fi 1). S11ll1c :111jt~l11cl'l111i <[tic c'rsl \a,11,,, ((tl ,,n 1,;1ss<~1 ,lcvn11t
1,,i co111111c 1111 fe11 ,1c,()1n11l <111i l<'s ,l~l111i1a (fi5). J...c lt'c.,,1 tic11l t111e
::1:111tlc tllnt< cll111s 1:, lillt'~111l111e s:1l1fc clcs .J11ifs. (:,est ltlt1l cl'11l,,l1cl
1111 lrst 4(c ,,r,itc;, l li('tl s'.11 S('l"I ('()())lllP. l)l()J.('11 ,le l)l'()llVC'I" 1,,,1-
ll1c11licilt' cl',11, <'11sci!.!11,111t 111 cl11 cl'1111 fttil : c l~l l~IC' llllt'llt : Yi,1,,,,t~,
l lic11 cl'1\l,1a1l1:1111. cl'ls:1:1t ll s11tl1c 1111j,,t11,l'l111i fJII<?
111 s l)t'll <'Il ls1:1i;I, c111c .<' s11is lc,11 S( 1,,ilct11 I <111c c'est 1,111 l<,11
1
1111<' j':ti :,<c()llll>li l<ltlll'S ,c's tltc,s('s. l\(~1,c>ll<IS-lll<li. '':111,,t'',

ffll('
111i l'S l>ictl C'l (Jll ('()ll\'( tli!i l<'S C(l'lll'S 11,:1 lt! fctl clc ,,,,11,, 1,,1111).t
1
cl clt~Vfl1n l'l1,,l,,l11t1~I< cl le laois, l'i il nl>~<ltl,,1 l cn11 ttti l11il llll~

1
1,, c:l11:1I. 'l",)tll<' l<. 1,<1111lc r,,1 s11isi <le c1t1i11le ; les ~~11s l<111l,1C'11t
1
1:1 rn<~c lc111l1c le11r ri ,li1<'11I: (:'l'SI '\'111,,,, ,111i est J>i,~11 > (!'i(;).
(:',si <l1111s le' fc11 c.1 1>rl1' lc rC'11 tfllt' S<>t1ve11l '\'11l1,, sn<l1cssc a1,1x
1ftltl'('llX : C '1ClllS lcs <'ttr1111ls fl')stltl, V0\'011(
)c fetl tlt'Sl~('IIC]l"C et
0
l:1 gl<,iae clc ''r1l1,,t 1r1,c>s<'r s,11 le 'l"c1111,le, se 1>1<1sl<'1111c11l fncc

'
ce11l1c' lc11c s111 le Jl:1,<; ; ils ltllt,1'1(11t cl ci~ll)r1c11l '\"Rl1,v > (57).
<:'t'sl fl:11 le ft'll ;111ssi f(tlc '"nl,,,,l' 111n11irc~le sn <o11e : c 011i, 1111
f(11 ;1 j:,illi I(' 111:1 l,1l,1,,, il l,11A1ll1,1 j11s<111'n,1x ,,,,>fc,11,le111s ,l11 sl,c>I
il tlc~,c,1t'1n li, IC'11c t'l t"c' 111'tlll' 1,1clt1il, il e111l,1:1ssc'111 ,lt'S 111<111ln-
g11<s (!"iR). ''c,iti c111c \'i,11,, 1111i,,c <ln11s le fc11, s:1 <l11111c1it~ l'sl
cc,r11111c ln lc1111><'"lr. 1,c,111 n~so11,,i1 ~,, rli1c 1,n1 l'i11ct11,lic, CiCS
lll('llll{'l'S Jlnt clC"!, fl,1111111('~ clc re,, > (:,n). Fe,,, clc:'sl111clic,11 ; fctl, 1>10-
l,:1lic111 : fe11, t~x1,1l's'ii>11 ~1,cilic111c cle ln ct,lrc <livi11e.
cl1:1li111f'III ((;f)), ('S( 1s<'l'\'l~ ;, l' i llt}lC : ll1111,i1it'-l(> ,,1()-
lit' fct1,
1,,11cl111c11I, c,11 le ftt cl les ,c1s sc,11l le ll1li111c11t (le l'i1111>ic > ((il).
(a t) l><'tll. IV, 2-1.

(:> 5) / I, i, I. 1X , 3.
(f16) r l\oi1, X\'111. :l(i-:1!1 ; ,,,,11 ''''~"i s,1, I( f(',, Jlll)\'('11 ,,,, lll'C)l,,,ti,111, Il
1,,,;~. 1. 10. 12, 1-1: 1 <:l,ro11iqt1cs, XXI, 2(i; 11 <:111011. VII, 1-3.
(57) Il t:1,r. VII. 3.
(58) n{'ul. XXXII, :!2.
(!,9} l~ni<', J,X\'I. ffl: \'(,i1 :11,~~i .lt"t ..ir, IX, 4; X\', 1-1; XVII, I ;
\ \ 1. 12 : 1. n, 11 r 11 t nt i, , 11 ~ . 11, 1 : 1\' , 1 1 ; 1~ 1 ( 1, i (1, X X11 , :i 1.
(f,0) ,~('(''"XXXIX.:?!) : C I.e rt'll. 1,, ~rl<', I;, rn,,1i11c cl ln,,,.,,. lcllll (CIO
., ill;. <'t po11r le 4l,i1ti1,,c11t >.
(61) Ibid. VII, 17.

r-.:c:11F.~ llE

L AllOJ ,()G1~r1(JtJR ESCll,\TOLOOl(JUE MECOUOISB 283
C'est cxncle111c11t Jo tlocl1i11e q11C' 1e1>1otlttil le 1nl>lli11 a11s les Aclrs
,le l'l.-.l,1m 111(linois. Et l'Ecclsin~tiqt1c <lit e11co1e : Dnns 1asse111-
l,lc (les J>cl1et1rs s'nlll1n1e le f etr, (lnns ln 1nce 1ebelle s'est e11nn111-
111c ln col1c. f)iett 11'a 1>oi11l t>nt<lonn n11x gn11ls d'nt1trefois qt1i
s't~l1,ic11I r,,olls, fie1s tle lettt" J>ttissonce. Il na pns pa1g11 la ville
c>i1 11nl1ilnit Lc>ll1 : let11 01g11cil lt1i fnisnil l1orret11. 11 n'n pns eu pili
cle 1n 1ncc (le pe1<1ilion : ils ft11ent exter111ins pot1r lct11s
1><~l1~ > ((i2). Co111111e il est 1c,t1cllnblc qt1c nos g1a11<ls co1ani-
!in11ls 11'nie11l 11i1s J>tis le te1111,s <le li1c ln Bil>le I Pot1r co1npre11(l1c
lc's ()1igi11cs j11ives <le l'Isl t11t1, 1>0111 se,1 con,,oi11c1e <1nns les pro-
r,111<lct11s <lt~ son t1t~, ce 11tnil pas <le11x ot1 t,ois textes <les Actrs
,/,! /'l.4il<1111 c111~il fnllnil c<>111 1>nte1 avec l'A. T. - Il fn]li,it, 1>n1 ln lcc-
l111c 1t'tllt~c, 111(lile, tlc ces <lc11x colleclio11s, se l>icn 1>nl1e1" ,le
1.\ 111C'11li,lil <le l'nt1l<'t11 cles Arlr..~. Cel nt1le111 1 q,,i u <1j l111<f11it
lt.~ l'l1,l,1C't1 e11 n1nl>c l<'S 1,1i11ci1,nle~ l1istoi1rs <ltt Li,1t~ .Tltif, 11c
1,1,1,,cl11it ,,,1s sr11lc111C'11I cl1111s sr~ Ar.t,. ,111elc111rs l1islc>irc's c111111t111 ...
l''s i, sr, 111,,1,re l1n(l11<lit>11. C:c <111i f1111>1,e le ~>ltts, c<,sl c111'il vit
I' A l)tf'II rl"l'Sl:1111(~1,1. Il se l'est n!lsi111il (le l'i11l11c111 ; il C l"<'tl1t~
1,,,111 ,,i,1sf cli1c, les l .. i,,,cs S11i11ls, el (lit 11c l1011ve1n J>ns 1111 sc11l
lt'Xlt~ st)tli clc sn Jllt1111e <111i 11r. sclI 11,,r. 111:111nlio11 de la Ilil>l<' Je
<1~11111111<' =1 11)!-i C(>1r111is1,11ls ,Je 111c rni1< ln liste clcs lexies s11~(i ..
1
fi[tlt's ,l('S ,l,/(. tt1i 11c 1>t1isscnl se 1ncc1<1cl1c1 ,, l'A. 1'. - Je les
11llt11cls ,lC'1>t1is l(,11glt'lllJlS. J..,(~ Corc,11. (lnns ln 1>1,1tie f>ti11ci1>Rle-
111r11l t1lilisic 1>111 Il' 1nl)l>i11, cl11tc <le l\11ose, sclc,11 l'n11cier111,, l1ntli-
li(,11 j11iv<.!. T.. t~ (;o,al, ,l,1 1nl>l>i11, 011 t1n,l11clio11 n<1npl~e <ltt Pe11--
l11lc1t(ft1c, n <l<,11c (ln11s so11 fo11tls ln 111111e cl11c>nologic Qlte le Co1n11:
111:1is, cl:111s l'<.'XJ>1essi<>11, le (:a,af,, t1n,ltt<_.lio11 (le l'l1l>ret1 en n1nllc,
,l:1lc (111 ,Jt;l,111 le ln sct<)Jl<lc lltio(le 111ecc111c,ise. El )'Enfer <111 Cor<rl>
<'sl t'XJtlle111c11l c.~el11i l'A. '1,. f...'E11fc1 ,les Arles, p1lr conl1e, 11'n 1>ns
1
lit 111111c cl11<)11,,l<>giC'. Cc 11'esl 1>lt1s 1111 <locl1111r11t 1nonR11I fli1ccte-

111c11l <les l~iv1es Sni11ls 011 clt1 'l"ol111t1<l, co111111c l'toil l'l~11fcr (111
(:or,rl>. c:'cst ,111 1~1,rcr 111l)l>ini<111e <ltt VII si~cle R(lrs le Cl11isl, et
clivis C'II (let1x lnl,lcnt1x, IJtosss n clct1x 1loq11es clifT1e11lcs le
l'1111c,sl,,l,,l <l11 1nl,l,in en 11,ili(\11 i<lolftl1e n1nl>e : l'E11fcr 111~c<111,1i~,
<'l l'l~11f<'1' 111i'tli11t1is. F(>Jt<lo111e11lolc111e11l enrnci11es dons ln l1A(li-
li<>n l1rl>111,111c et jt1\'<', ces (1c11x reprsenlnli<,ns <le l'E11fet J>(,r-
lc11l <~<~ll(\1\(111111 le cncl1<'l pe1son11el (le tn,1let1r (les Arle.,, cocl1el
11c1-s<>1111cl clt>11t ln f<11111e ~e 111o<lrln selo11 les ci1conslonccs. A I. . n
I\Icc,1t1(', l'l~11fc1 est cl'1111e le11e1tt' ef1oynl>le : ln <lescription q11'etl
clc,1111e le r1l1>1>i11 est ni11si Jlltts 11crson1t(!lle, la11,lis qta' ~f<li11c elle
~c 1111,1)1<)cl1c l>e1111co111> 1>111~ 1l~s te1111es <le ln Bil>le, l'Enf er Pst
c:--sc11lil'llc111c11l tltl }?e11, 1111 Fc11 <lvo1nnt (lcslin n11n11lir to11s les
(G2> lbi,t. x vr. o-o.

28 1 1.. '1sr ..\~I Al\,\IJE EN ~IAR(:llJ~ - LA GlJEI\RE
11111,irs - i111i,icl11s 11;1licJ11s -- r'l~sl-1'1-(li1e t,,11s les l1<>llt111cs CJtti

11c ,C'11lc11l t>ns c,111r,,1111c1 1<111 ,ic ot1x 1,1csc1i1>li,,11s 111osn,111es.
J.,'l~l(lsit\sliJtl(' IIC)IIS <lil tJl("()l"C : C 1...,(lSS('llll>lt' clcs 1>cl1clll"S est
1111 ltlS tl'clotltle <JII fi11i1tl clllllS J,t flatlllllle cltt fett > (63). (:01lllllC
l,111s lts ,lr/c.~ /, l'ls/n11, ,le l;1 1>1ic>(lC 111(li11,1isl', le Fc11 esl des-
li11 i'1 1>1111i1 lt~ 11t.~g,1le111s tic ''1111,, : c l)c 111111c fllle ln 1>11illc est
1:, 1,1,,ic ,les tl111,1111rs et (tic 1~ tl11111111c cl is1,n111il cl,1ns le fc11, leur
1:1ci11c ,lc,ir11cl1i1 1,,,1111il111c', 1,,111 l)(.>t11gc'o11 se1n l't111,,,1l c(,111111c l,1
1,c,11ssi1e 1,:11<.c c111'ils (1111 1('jcl 1:1 lc>i <Il! Ynl,,,, Sol)nc>t el 1111,1is
1., 1,01<,]e tilt S:1i11I cl'ls,,,i;I > ((; 1). c \'al1,,,, l11 111t1i11 est leve, le
rc\1 1>11>n1 l)t,111 les t1111e111is lts ,t,c,1c1n > ((i5).
I .. C's c.1111e111is ,le )':111,,c~ so11l 1,,11s ('Ct1x (ftli nc1f>rr11l IC's icloles,
clcs clic11x l1;111gl'I'" l.,e 1:1l,l,i11 11'11 1ie11 i11vc11l ,,11011,I il 111e11nce
lcs l)Cll)ll1isl< S 111:1),,,s cl<~ 111 ]>CllC (ltl fetl. Il 11'nvnit qt1'n li1c et O.
1
~,,i,rc l~zrtl1icl, 1111i s'11cl1es~nil l'll ces lc1111cs 011 1:11 1~, 11111ll1c,1111lclt\ (le l<>lt C(>111111c1ce,
111 ,,s s,,t1ill lcs :-;:111tl11t1i1cs .f'i1i fnil so1ti1 tic! lt,i l<~ fe11 ,,,,,,r te
1l(\,r,1c1le l'r,i 1t' <l11il l'll c<.'11cl1ts s111 );1 lc11c > ((;f>). l .. cs 111111es
1
lllt'llfl("C'S SC)lll 1a11rr1i C'S f'tllllt~ l'l~g)'llle (fi7), ('(ltlltc C.c>g ((i8) el
1
~l:agc,g (fi!J), ,,,11l1t lcs .f t1ifs ('11x-111t'111l'S 111i se S<>ltl 1c11cl11s <'t>lll>0-
1,)()s cl'i11111i<'tt', : J.. 11 1>r11c,(e ,le ,,,1,,,, 111c f11t nl1t'ssc~e e11 ces ler-
111r!i : l"ils cl'l1.,1,1111r, lit 1111,isc,11 cl'ls111l, c'csl ,,,,111 111<>i cl11 111lol
i1111>111: ils ~,,11( ,.,,,.._ <111 c11i,1c, clc l'i~lni11, tl11 f<~t, <111 1,lc,111I) ,11111s
1111 l'1c11scl ; <t'sl (111111t111I i1111111. (:'l'~I 1>ot1111t1(l ni11si t>t1rlc Ya1l1,,,:
l>11is,111t! vo11s (~l,s t,l11~ 111 111l11I i111Jltt1, el1 l>ie11 1 je vnis V<ltts rns-
sr111l,lt1 n11 111ilic't1 ,le . fi111s,1le111. c:c,111111e on 111el <'t1se1nl1lc n1ge11l,
,,,i,t(', rrr, ,,1c,111la, rl:1i11, ,l:111s 1111 c1c,1sel 1>0111 ntliset le fct1 tlcs-
S()11S ,,fin (Il' ff111,l1c le l(,tll, 11i11si je V(Jt1s 1nssc111l)le1ni <1011~ 1nn
l't>l(\t"<' et 111n f111c111, ~l .ie ,,,111s 1,1~ll111i il la fo11t(~ ; je vcl11s ra1sscm-
l>lr1a1i el j'nllist'111i <~c,1,11c ,,c,11s Jt, ft,1 (le 11111 ft11c111, cl je vc1t1s ferni
fcl11cl1,, 1111 111ilir,1 ,le lt, ville. (~,1111111c (>11 r,,11cl l'n1ge11I clans le cre11-
s<'I, ,1i1asi ~e1c1.-,c,11s fc,11lt1s 1,11 111ilie11 cl'ellc el v<1,1s s1,11rez c1 lit~ cest
111,>i, '\'1111,,, c111i 11i 1,~1>n11cl11 1111, ft11e11r st11 vc1t1s > (70). J..,c rnl1bin
111<'1111cc a111ssi cil' l'l~11fe1 c.c11x c111i 11c.~ se 1,1c.,slc111c11l 1,ns, ,1,1i ne
:-;11,'l't1I,,,,s
lt~ j11,l11s111111e.
((,:J) lli,I. XXI, 9.

(fit)lsnl'. V. 2-1 : ,c,ir n,,~~i il)i,I. Xl.,VII. 14. .
(05) lbl,I. XX\'1, 11 ; ,oi, n,,~~i il,i,I . XXIX. fi ; XXXIII, Il 1., 11 ! 1
1. XI V. 2 ; 1XV1, l li,
t1;c1) l::-,',111,,1. ~~ \'Ill. l:i.
( fi 7) l l, i ,I. X X X , R. 10.
(r,8) llid. XXX\'111, 22.
(G9) 11,i,l. XXXt:<, f;.
( 7O) I bi ,I. XX11, 17. 2 2.

F.C:IJEr. DE

J., AroJ.OGEl'IQUE 1~sc:11Aro1.. 001ous t.lECQUOISE 285
s,,11s (l(lllle CC'S lllellll('(\S, jtlS(Jll'i, 111 1,1i(l(1e (le ln Cnr>tivil, Ile
cl<~1>11s."c11l-ellrs 1>ns les li111iles clc ln vie 1>rsc11le I C'est l'cl1c-
l(>11 l<'11<'sl1c q11c 1t1iso111111ic11t les l1ncie11x lll>rcttx. Il lettr n fnlltt
ll'S lc11il>lcs 1>1e11ves clo11 t ils f111e1ll nffligs, llOltt qt1c let1rs yct1~
se (lt's.c;illc11l 1>et1 1>e11 ct co111111e11ce11t e11trcvoir ttnc vie n1eil-
lc11rc oi1 I<~ Jle111>le 1.:1,, se1nit 1co1111>ens, lan<lis <(tte ses e11ne1t1is
s<'1ni<'11l 1>1111is 1>n1 le fc11, t111 fc11 ltl 1>c1sc11ls : l\lose el s011 1>cuple Sl>11l
c:l1,1sst's cl'l~gyple ; les Jttifs so11t e111111ens en captivit Dnb)'lone.
l~t ,111n11c1-
S(!Cttl<~11t )l'S n11l1es, Jlat 01g11cil nntio11al. Po111lo11I, ne <levraie11t-ils
1>11s sn,,c>i1 <JtlC l'inlellige11ce se fo1ge <la11s les 1>reuves et l'l1t1111i-
lil, li111clis <(tte l'o1gt1eil 1 l1cit et ol>nt1uile l'es1>1it ? Les 1>ret1,,e~;
(J11t f11il 11nitr<! el <lvcl<>tlp <ln11s le 1>et11lle l1cll1eu dettx i<lr~
<'ssc11licll<'s : ln 1cs1>,>11sal>ilil inclivi<l11elle, el la sanclio11 ,te celll~
1cs1)<>11s11Jailil cln11s t111e vie le1nelle n1>1s la vie terrestre. Si les
c'11r1e111is tll' Ynl1,v l1i(11111>l1e11l ici-llns, ne vo11s llco111agez 1>ns;
c'('Sl 1111 sig11c <(lte, <ln11s l'nt1l1e vie, ils se1011t le1nelle111e11t t>t111is.
Il cxislc 1111c logi,111c clc l'11t1-<leln. J,nse st11 les 1>101nesses <le
\111,,,.l!. (.,< Jlc111>lt~ 1~111 clc ,il l1i<>111J>l1l'I". S'il 11e l1io1111>l1c t>Rs stt1
l('l'1c, il f:111l l>ie11 (ft1'il l1i (11111ll1c <l1\11s 1111c nttlre vie, et qtte Res
c1111e111is s,,iC'11t t~le111cllc111r11l l>1tils : Q11i lie11<lrn (lrvn11t ces
fl11111111cs l(111elleR ? > (71 >. ll1c1g1cssivc111e11I, se (lg11ge (le~ I. . iv1cs
S:1i11ls 1111 l~11fer <l<l11t Il~ 1nl>IJi11 1cl1nce lf's lignes exuctes <1011s les
,l,lc~ ,/<! /'l.~/,,111 111<li11ois : 1>1111ili<>11 J>nr le fe11, - un fe11 qt1i po1l<'
le 111r111e 110111 q11e le fe11 l>il,li(Jt1c : lu (~~l1e1111e (72) - , 11n fctt lc1-
11cl cr11i 11t' s'lci11(l1n jn111nis (73), C(>1111ne l'11vnic11t clj dit Isni<',
le l .. iv1c (l'll11ocl1 (7,t) et le 'l,11l111t1ll (75). JI y n tles gens, l\f,line,
(Jt1i 01111111c11l c111e le tot11111cnl (lt1 Ji'ett 11'n111a q11't1n te1\1}lS <llc1-
111i11. Q11cls sont ces gt'11s ? Il 11c sr.rnit llflS i1111lossil>le, a 1,riori,
1 tlt! c1t1el<r11c!i .Juifs, s'n1l(>t1yn11t s111 <les co111111e11lni1es lnl111t1(liqt1es,
cl ~111lo11l po11r je let ln co11fusi<>n <1011s l'es1>1il <les A rabcs qt1i fo11t
c,l,sl1t1clin11 il l'n(lostolnt titi 1nl>l>i11, 11>n11<le11t l'opi11ion <111c, si Je
Ji'ct1 ,le l'E11fc1 est lc111c'I, ,e11x c111i y so11t e11voys n'y cle111et1rc11t
J>ns fcl1c't~111<'11l clc111cllc111e11l. E11 ogissn11l ai11si, ils botte11l e11 llr--
<~J1c 1111 clcs g11111,ls n111t1111e11ls qt1e le 1"nbbi11 11lilise eflltis le flt'\l>ltl
clc s,, 111t\tlic11lio11 1>ot11 n1,1>elcr les Arobes il se s0111nettre YnJ1,v,
et il lt1i se111. si11011 votts irez a11 Fet1, t111 Fct1 <lans lequel vot1s 11e
(71) !sni_r. XXXJJJ, J~ i //1/1/. J.XVI, 2i ; , J.r ,,. \t,1 ,~~ ll'!fll.lil f'!f1 f'f f~'lll
( J ,,,,,. '' ... ' 4 . I 11, ''' tlfJ; l,X\11 u IX f,ff 74.
(:t, S<1t11. Il, fffl.j57. tn2, 214, 250, 270 ; 1.-XIV 1() v111' 35 XJ .. VII
SO ; Ill, ft2. 102 ; IV. 05. 167. ' ' ' ' '
(71) \'<>i1 11,,1,c lo111e 1, ,,. 333, 11.I.
(75) lli,t., 1>. 335, n. o. 10 ; p. 336, n.l.
.,~,
... ,1 , 1:1s1..A~I AI\AISI:: EN ~IAlll:111~ - LA GUEl\llB
llltlllJ1c~ jnt11!lS J (\(ni~ ~ ll<lllS t>1e1l<)llS la ))Cl)C <le lire Cil (cllllC
1i'l11clc. I(' 1,1,ss11gc clc 111 s,,111,,tc Il <ltl11s le<Jtlcl il csl ((ttcslic,11 (1'1111
,l1i1ti111c11l li111ilt~, 11c,t1s ,t11,,11s lft1'il 11'y est 1>11s <111csli(>ll tle J,1ifs,
cI flll' le 11,l)l)i11, i1 l\lt,li11c c,,111111c i1 IJn l\lecfJttc, 1>torcssc l'le1-
11it, cles 11ci11cs cc,11fc,1111t"111t'11I 1111:\ t11st ig11<111c11ls j11ifs (l<>slexi-
li<11s, <l(,cl1i11<! 111i 1t111isc>11li1il l 1111ll1c11lic111c c1<)'ft11te <les J11ifs <le
1
1., l>it1s1,<l11,. l>1111s les ,c1st!ls i()-71 tic celle s0111,,lc Il <111c 11ot1s
,,,.,,,,s (ljn llllnl~sis i, 1,, ti11 (Ill cl101>it1c Slll" la l'it! ,i n1,li11e. llOllS
i1,t,11s ,,,, 11t,11s 1e11tl1c <'4>1111,lc c111c les .fttifs so11l l1<)1s (te ca1t1se. Il
"':,git clcs ll)'j>f><~1ilcs ,,1,i, 11t111 C'(11lt't1ls ,le fni,c tlts C(lJ>ics ftlt1li-
,t" titi Li,,1c cl1l11s l1 l,11l cl't',g:,1l'1 1,~s C.1< >)'ll11ls, clf(>1111e11l c11t~o1t~,
1,:11" 1aille1ic, l l'lts<ig1tl'llll'11l tl11 11l>l>i11 :
1
Sc,t11. 11, i 1. ((:(s l l~'1><>(1ilcs) <111 <lit : c l .. l! )i't'tl 11c 11011s (fllt-
<l1l'l':1 (111't111 lt1111>s (lc!l<'111,i11t~ . llttl(>lt(ls-lc'111 : c A111iez-
,t111s f11il )llltle 0\'C't! ''tlll\\'~ '/ ''11l1\Vl~ llC 1110ll<IIICl"1l J)flS
1111 n
~()Il l>llt'IC 1 ()11 l1('II, tlitcs-, (lllS cc,11l1c )',,1,,,,c~ ("C <111c V()ll~ llC
1
S l 1,. CZ Jl () 11 l ?
<:t,111111(' 11c,11s lt ,,,~<,11s, il 11'1sl 1111s ((tl('sli,,,, it~i (le .J11ifs Clll 1110-
l(''is1i1i~11l l ,1
1111 l~11rc1 (Clllf)<)l'flte, lllllS cll'S JlyJlllCl'-
1 1
l 1
X~l< 1 ll('( 1
lt'i c111i, 11c,111<c111l1<c1111c1 li, (lt1tl1i11c clt1 1ttl>l1i11 C'l tli~l(1t1111e1 le111s
tc11111,11l1i,,1cs, '<11,,t, . ,lis ,,11 11(>11, tltt jt1clns111(' 1 1n<o11le11l 1t1e lil
1i1111r11~e 1>1111ili,111 cl,,111 le 1,1l>li11 r,,il
si g1011<l cns 11'est J>ns si t<~1ri-
l,lt1 Of)l'C'S l<ltll I 9
t:,,
11'esl ((11 1111 t>(>IIVOllltlil <111'it 11gile' h 1()111 l>c111l
,t,, (11;11111> ,.,,,11 lc11ifi<'1 les 1111fs. 1\1:,is 11t111, 011 11c snt11uil 1cste1
(lt111cll<'lll('lll <lllllS cc lt'ett r 1(1t1lc f>llllI()ll n 1111C li,, 1 l~l le 1:tl>-
l,i11 i11lc1,ie11l n,'t.'t ,pi,:,cit:

s,,t11. Il, f>. N>II t>(tlll 1 (:c11x <111i lllll'()lll ('()l)IIIIS 1111 111111, ((Jtti)
sc.10111 c11,cltlJ11fs 1>111 ltt11 fn11te, cc11x-li1 sc1'011l les llt,les
titi ]i"c11 (lI ils sc1<,11l i1111,1c,1lc.ls.
(i. (:e,,x (1111 cc,11l1ni1c) fftti 11111(,111 t1t1 rt nc.cc,1,11li tl<'S ct~11vres
J>ies, cct1x-li1 st1t111l lt'S llc"'lcs tilt .ltl 1tli11 ()li ils s<.'1011l i11111101-
lcls.
Nl>II~ 1cl1f111,'(t11s 1,,,1jl1111s l,1 111111c ClJ)Jl<,sili<,11 c11t1e l'lc111il
cI l I C 11 l 11l t' 1l l
(' 1 C c11 C t) e ) ,1 t l' l ( ) 111 )l C 11 SC
E11 C<l11cl11sic,11. l'l~11f<.'1 tlc1it 1>111 les Arles ,/,~ l'lsla111 est :
J. - \Ill J'etl ;
2. - 1111 Jf'e11 t'l( 111cl. 1
l .. n tl1se <1'1111 l;-c,1 tc1111>01ni1C', (lt~ 110s co1,111isonls ollril,11enl
nt1x Jt1ifs n1c.~tli11<,i", 1c1>1sc11le c11 f ail 111lc c<>11lrc-nllnc111c <les

~
l:c:111~(: l>E
' .
L Al>OLOOl~11(Jl1E ESC~llATULOGIQUE l'IECQUOISE 287
(~1tl)'11_11ls-lf)'()(>~'1ilcs c,,11(1~ l'E11fC'1 <les Juifs > (70). D,n11rs les

("(11t1111sn11ls c1111 011l l111(lt11l les A<lcs <le 11sla111 111ot op1s 11101.
r111nlJs1111l cl11lCfltc lc11,1e sa,11s tl1c11<l1e 1111e 11cttc co11sciencc de )'e11 ..
sc111l,lt~, il fnt1tl1oit ccl1111>te11cl1e, ,l't11>1s les textes qt1e no11s n11aly-
~c,11s tlt>lt(~ tc,111, (]tte l\lol1n111111ecl nt11ait, n l\l<li11e, viol('lt1111r11I
,0111l>nll11 lt'S .lttifs. l~11(1e 1111l1cs cl1ose~, il let11 nt1rnit 1e1>1ocl1
,l'e11seig11c1 l'exisle11ce (1'1111 E11f<'r te1111>01oi1c. C'est lt1i, l\iol1n111-
111<'<I, <Jt1i i111111it c11 l'i11iliolive ,Je l'lslt1111, el qt1i a11roit essnv c1e
f:1i1e c11t1c1 lt's .J11ifs <ln11s son 111011ve111e11t 1cligiet1x, lcu1 nsei-
g11r111t l'll11icilf <le Ynl1,v, l'tc111il <les snnclio11s n1>1s la vie te1-
1,,s(1e, 111 _1r:;1><11si1IJilil 1>c1s(>t111cllc, etc... El le 11111ll1et1ret1x
l\J,,l1i1111111,~tl 11't1t11t1it J>t1s 111ssi it C<>t1ve1li1 les J11ifs SA cloclt"i11e!
(:'csl ,1ni111e11l ,lt1 10111un ; <lt1 ro111n11 s0111l>1a11t <1n11s le 1i<lic11le cl
c11l111i11;l11t les lcclc111.s <ln11s I<~ 111111e sillage.
Sn11s tlicr le r,,11<1 ,le 111011 exgse <les Actes, 1>l,1sict11s leclct1rs
c,,,t 1>n1r,>is 1eg1ell 1t101t l<ltl nce1l,e .Je (le1nn11<lc t111e fois <le 1>lt1s
1
c111 c111 vct1ill~ l,ie11 <~xn111i11c1 lt' 1>10l>l111e <le l'Isln111 nvec 11011s. Cc
11'csl 1,11s ,, J>ti,,,i ,,,,~ 11c111s tl\'011s jt1g sv1c1ne11l les co1nnis1111ls.
N<l t1:-; 1, V(> 11s co111111 c 11 c 1, o 1 1es Ii re. N (lt 1s ,, vo 11s ens 11 i te 1 ncl, i
;1\'l'C (l<1ci1it,; st11 lct11s c,,1,1r1ges. A la, 1flexic,11, 11011s nvo11s co111-
1,1is <(tl<' 111,11s li<,11s 111<'111\s c11 l,11lcn11 > 11111 l<'s 1>011tifes <les lt1-
<les cc,1n11i<111c's. C'est nl<>ts CJII<' 11011~ nvo11s vic>lc111111e11t 1agi c<>r1-
t1e clcs nlliltl(l(~S (fltC ll()llS CC>IIS(lc.~1011s COllllllC 11101l>i<lcs. Nolrc
stt\'l'til<~ csl 1111c nltil11,lc (le t1gngc'111c11l. Apts "t111c 011nl)'se 11e1-
s,11111c~II(' <l<'s .1\,lr..~. 11<>t1s nvcl11s nl><lttli, en lc,11lc ol,jcctivil, n ,les
llt<'-scs 1t~V<)lt1I1)llllllJcs, llOIIS le ~llVClllS; 111nis llOIIS llC ))Cl'lll( ll<lllS 1
:, (ttii ((tic C<' s<,il clc 111ell1c c11 tl<>ttlc 11<1l1c J>aol>il i11telleclt1cllc.
N<l11s 11t' ('1=1igt1<,11s s111 t'l! 1><>11I, c,,111111e s111 n,111e exgse elle-111111e,
:1t1c1111c ("Cl1111>i11niso11 nvcc 110s (levn11cie1s et 110s co11lrncliclet11s.
N(lll, cr. 11'cst 1,11s l\l,,l10111111c,l c111i ct1I l'itlc ()<~ fo11clc1 l'lsll1111. l~'ls-
111111 C'xisll' clc1,11is le <ll)ttl <le l'l1111l1a11il. Celle ntlilucle religie11se
11 1,1is r,,1111e s1>cinc111e 11vec Al>1nl1A111. Elle n ret1 ses lignes cloc-
l 1i11nlrs C'l 111<,1:,lcs n,cc l\lose. ~l<>l1n1111necl 11'y est J>Otlt'" 1ie11. nie11
1
J>IIIS, il 11 ('~(t><llll" l"<'ll clOIIS la1 f Oll(lltl<>n de ),Jslntll ornl>e, c'esl-O-
cf i1t ,l:111s l'ir111>lo11lnlio11 cltt j11clr1s111e ,ln11~ les l1ibt1s n1nl,es. Cette
i1,11>ln11l11I()I) csl 1,~t1v1e cl'llll n11t"'>l1(' jt1ir. NotlS l'ovons surnsn,,, .
111e11t clt 'lll(llll1t'~. el IIOllS llC l>OllVOllS 110t1S e111pcl1er <le SOllt'ite
0
(111 l 111 ( 1 l(' s 11 is 1(l 1. iC t l s (1(\ I' 's10 1l 1 V i C n Il C 11 l 11 0 l l s 1. n CO 11 Ie r q l IC ~ 10 1l n In -

lllC<I, fc,11cl,1ll'lll. (l(! l'lsl,1111, n loltl fnil JlOltr 111llie1 les Jtaifs R S<)ll
111,>t1vt'111c11l 111 1\ J\ft1i11e, c'est le 111l)lJin qt1i 111el e11 gn1(le les
(76) Vola n11ssi ~ot1r. TIT. 2:l : c C.rt1x q11I 5(' ,ll!lo11r1,cnt cltt t ,f ,,rc ( - C<'
11'r~I cr1(ni1l('lll( tlf ()0~ nllX Juir~ ffltC Ir 1:1l>l>ill rnit irf nll11slon - ) Otll clil :
1
c l ..c l;-c.,1 nt' 11<,11s tott<",l1crn qt1'1111 lc1111ls lt1<llcr111i11 >. 11!1 onl t ol,u-
~rs <ln11s lt'tlr 1tli,-cion. pn1 cc <Ju'ils forscnic11l .
288 t.. '1s1 .. .\~l Al\:\111~ ~N t.lAl\CIIB - LA OUE:Rl\8
.\ 111)1cs jt1,l11s<~~ ,.,,,,1,c- lt.s ngiss<r11l'lll!i les 1e11g,,ls, (les l1y11ocri-

l(S, <,,11l1c lrt11s i11l!'111l11lit,11s fo11lnisisles, ll'llcs <Jtte let11 i11ler-
J>1t~l,1lic>11 <le 1'1~1,rct.
t:,>111111e il f:111:,it s')" nllfl11<lt<' clc ln J>ort cl'1111 Jtrif, l'Er1fc1 est
l't~~e1, nllX l11ftclrl(~!i. l\lnis n l\l~(l11e, ils J>Orle11l tlifTre11ls l\OlllS
<111i les clnssc11( c11 (lill.1c11les c,,t~go,ies. Ils S<lltl tic1,1cts : les
1
iclt>ll1cs, n<lc,1,,tet11s ,les flicJ1l'S (le la l{n l)n ; les C1oya11ls, ic.lo-
l:'tl1cs co11v~1lis n la 1cli~i,>11 cle 1\lose : 111nis 11111111i ces lle111iers
l1,11s 11'i1011( llllS Cil 1>a1111clis, J>n1cc ((ll ils Ile S<>lll l>flS IOllS fl,f)cs
1
i, ll'111 r,,i, tels lrs l lJ1,oc1ilcs ; les 1e11gnl~ 111c,1,1t'Jt1c11l li ls ; les

l:'\cl,e~ <111i 11c Vl't1lc11l JJtls <'>111l>1lll1e lln11s le Cl1e1t1i11 le Ynli,v. (l11c
lt>lts ces lnO<llc~ Il' s:1cl1c11l l)ic11 : ils 11'nt1r<111l Jlns 1aiso11 ,le Y,\ll,v.
(:'(st I.. 11i, nt1 c,111l11i1c, ,111i <llie11l 11t1issn11,111c11l lct11 nveni1, cl cet
,,,,11i1 se1n nfT1ct1x (7). Ni lc1t1s e11r1l11ls, 11i lt\111s 1icl1esscs, 11e les
s:1t1,e1ont (Ir. l,i ,l111111r1lic,11 lc111ellc. J..,rs gng11n11ls so11I cettx (Jll
11111,,111 c,J,i i, l'i111Jtt;1iC't1sc ,,,,J,,11l clc Yn11,v, e11 ,,,,,is Sl>t1111is, <'Il
,c1il11l1les 11111s11l111:111s, r<1111111c 11(,~ ~1011,ls 1>nt1i111<~l1cs 1t1i t>11t
('lll1i,i11 tlt11ir1c l'\IX, jtlS(Jll'i, 111sc11l, \()lll le l>Cllt>le j,1if. Soyt~Z
s1,t1111is Yttl,,,,, lt' llictt <le l\l<,s(~ ; (ll1isscz n vol1c n1fll1e l\lol1n111-
1,1<-1111 111issi<>t1 (le vo11s
111111c,11ce1 );1 l1c11111c 11<,,1,tclle <1'1111 l)i( 11 U11i,111c. Vct11s <~les seul~ acs.
1
J)CJIIStll>)ts clc V(>S llt'lC'S. S<t1ls 1 \'flllS ICII('~ e11l1e V()S JllllllS VOl1c
:1,c11i1 rte111e) : f>tl t>111r1cJis, (>li l~tlf c1. ( .. e 1nl1l>l1 i11sisle )JCOIICOll()
~i111 li, 1cs1>t>11sa,l>ili1,, J>t'1s>1111clt,,, s11iv1l11l c11 ccl,, J,,~ g11111tles lig11cs
<le' l,A. 'l'., Sll(>1a1<li<1t1e111c11l ottl>lics nt, co,1,s <le l'l1isl<)i1c <l'lstnl.
N'est-il (ljil 1>ns <lil <li111s le Oe11l1,,no111c : c I . . es 1>res ne seront
1):1!'1111is n 111,,1t 1>0,11 les fils, r1i ll'S fils (l<>111 les 111cs. Cl1oc1111 sc1n
111i!i il 1110111>(>t11 sn11 J>tor>e <1i111e > (78). Cc lexle cl,1 l)e11l1'011cl111e
t 's l I j 11 1n1l'111 C 11 l <. i 1(! Cl J111 ~ 1e 1),. C 11 J i e ,. 1i V 1e (les n(, is I X l V. r, :
~ f\la1is il 11e 111il J>ns il 111(>11 )es lils lies 1ne111t1ie1s, scl<>ll ce <ftli csl'
t',,,il 1la111s le l.,i,,1e ,lt' li, I ... oi ,le 1\ltlse oit Ynl,,,, n (>1'(101111 Les
1i1cs 11e se1011t 11tts 111is i, 11,01t ll<llt1 les fils, ni les fils ll(1111 les
1,irl~. 1ni1is cl111,1111 sc1,, 111is 1'1 111<,11 1>,,11r SC'S 1,1,1(>1e~ c1i111<'s >.
( :<1e11(l1t11I, ls1nl ,,,1l)li,, c<'s c11seig11c111<'11ts <les vict1x is111lilcs et,
11:11111i les Jt,ifs, 11,1,il ,0111s 1111 1)1<,vc1IJc 01111,e : J. . es 1>1cs 011t
111t111g <les 1nisi11s ,,c1ls ; 1cs cle11ls <1c~ fils sorti ngnces >. J1111ie,
(77) So11r. XXIV. 50 : Xt .. ,'lf, 32 ; IIJ, 170-172 : IX. 38.

(7R) l)<'11lr. XXIV, 16; il,1,/. V1f. Ill: c 1"u ~n,1r,,~ (lo11r ql1c Yol1\\te Ion
llitt1 est le ,~rnl Dirt1, Ir llic,, fl<llc <111i f;(n1clc son nllintl<'C cl son nmoltr
,,,,11r 11,illc g1lrnlic,11s Il t'l'IIX q11l l'ni111(nl cl Rarclc11l ~es co111111nnclc1ncnls,
111:1is <ft\i ll11nll t'r1 lt't11 \>1oprr. llCr~f1111,c r.C'11x <111i le l11,~~c11l. li fnit p~rir
,:,,,s tl~l.,l ,clt1i (l\l I<' ,nit l'l ~l'sl Ill\ tl,nlin,<'nt lt<'f!\(tllll(!I <111'il l,ti fnit
,111,ir. T,1 ,tnrcl<'rn~ cl,,1,r 1(~ co111111,1111lc111c11I~. lois et r,>11t1t111C'~ <111c je le
,I
111,~c,is :111j1,1111l'l1,1i 111<111, <'tl 11nti,111c >. (~'est cxnclc111cnt <c q11'en-
stig"c '\.' r11l>l,i,, (\\I~ ,\1~,l,c.s. Il I\C 1)0\1\'0il Cil tre Q\llrc,,,ent.

CIIEC DB L'APOLOGlrflQUE ES(~IIATOLOGIQUB MECQUOISB 289
pottr nffi1111c1 e11 lot1le 11ellel Je pri11ci1le lie la 1esponsabilit inlli-
vi<l11cllc, f11l le 1>1e111ie1 o. rejeter cc <licton : c E11 ces jours-l, 011
Ill! tli111 1>lt1s : les 1>rcs 01,t 111n11ge des 1nisins verts. les <lents <les
lits so11l ngnces. Mois cl1ac1111 111ot111a 1>our son p1"opre cri1ne. Tottl
l1t)111111t! <Jtti 11t1ra 111n11g <les 111isi11s vc1ts, ses 1>ro11res <le11ls seror,t
ognccs :t (7~)). - Le 10Ll>i11 1,1,,fcssnit exncle111e11l le mnte e11sci-
g11e11tl't1l : ce 11'cst J>ns Ynl,,v q11i votts fait rllt 111nl ; c'est vo11s qui
,,011s 11lo11gez <ln11s le n1nll1e111". Si vo11s allez c11 Enfe1", volts l'a11rcz
vo11lt1.
Si l<s A1nl,es i<lcllt1cs, rengats, l1J'J>oc1ites, ldcl1es, sont (lcs-
ti11s n l'I~nrc,, les Cl1rtie11s s,l11t gole111e11t ,,011s att 111111e sort.
l .. cs ro1n11isn11ls ont g~11ralc111c11t gnrcl le silc11ce sttr cette ap1>r-
c."intio11 tltt 1nl>in. U11e nJlologliq11e <[tli t1nvnille 1>ot1r 1n1)Jlrocl1e1
isl,1111is111c cl cl11istio11is111e l'Sl vi<le1111nc11l g11e 11nr ttne telle (loc-
l1i11e. Jlot11 1esle1 cla11s ln vrit inlgrnle. il no11s faut mni11lenit
i1vcc clt11l ql1e, <l'np1s les Actes de l'lslan1, les cl11tiens, co111111l?
les n11l1cs, tl1t1s cot111nlJlcs q11e les nt1l1"es, iront nt1 Fe11 te1nel pot11
r1v<>i1 la1111<lt1fl, eslo111p, ~l e11 dfinitive reni ln religion 1nosaq11e.
'1~0111 le 111<111<lc i1n e11 E1tfc1, sn11f vide1nn1ent les Juifs fi<lles el
Cl'tlx (J11i tltnlic1t1c11t le jtt,lus111c >. Cettx-l co11nattront dans
l'J,11l1c 111{111clc les <llices titi llnrndi~. Il 11'y n que (leux catgotirs
(le g<'11s <ls<>1111nis : les Cl'(l)'n11ls, q,1i <>bissc11l n11x prcsc1i1>tions
<le Yn11,v cl 11't1tlo1e11t qtte I... tti, c'est-n-<1i1e les So11111is, les 111t1s11l-
11,1111iss, <l'1111c 1>n1t ; et <l'n11t1c 1>orl, les Infidles, c'est--<lire ceux
<111i 1eft1sc11t <1<~ se lnisse1 jtt<loser, cc11x qui 1eft1sc11l l'lsln111. Attx
1>1e111ie1s, le Pa1adis. Attx nt1l1cs, le Fett Eternel.
(70) Jr1n le, XXXI. 20-30 ; voir nt1ssl Ezcltlcl, XVIII, 1-4 : c La
1>nrole de Yol,,v 111e fttl ndresse en ces termes : Q11'avez-vous rpter
rc flro,crl,c n11 11nys (l'Tsrnl. : les 11rrs 0111 mann clcs rnlstns verts ; les
lcnls clcs fils sont Rgnces. Pnr n,n vie, orocle du Seigneur Yahw. Tous
n'nl11cz 1,l,1~ A rplcr ce proverbe en Isrnl. Voici : toutes les vies sont il
111oi, n11~si li<'II ln vJc ,lu 11rc que celle u Cils, elleJ sont A mol. Celui q11I
n 1>l"la, c'csl lt1l qui n1ourra >.
fl<>llr Ct>111111c11cl1c la 1lil1c11cC' ((tli existe e11t1e le Pnrn<lis de
1\ 1(1i1l C C l CC l l I i (1C 1. 1l l\ 1CC ( l l I C. l is (, 11 s (l t l e 1\ l i Ve Ill C 11 l Ies l e X I es :
2:1. A1111011cc n <ct1x <flli 1ltt1<>11I l'"1t1 cl ncco1111>li ,les <ct1v1es pies
,1u'ils nt11,,111 <les .Jntli11s s,11s l~sc111els cot1lc1011t <les 111is-
sen11~. (:l1:,,111c fc1is 1t1c c1t1cl<Jtle f111it le11r sern acct>t<l, e11
nll1il>tll(l11, ils 1li11,11l : c ceci ,. st ce c111i 11011s n t oll1il>t1
n11l1ilt11<'111<1,1 >. cl (cC' <Ji) lc111 set:, clt>1111 sc,n 1C'sse111-
Ll;111t (:, tc c111'ils 11,:1ic11l s111 .. e). lln1ls (ces jo1<li11s>, ils
nt11u11t <les 11,c>ltscs 1>111ilics cl ils y sc1011l i1111no1tels (80).
J. n so111nlc lin ilc.'~ t'!c1ilc n i1~cli11e. (:c vr,set 2:111e 1,n1ot cc11c11-
,l:11,t ,,,1~ n11lf1ic111 i, l11 l.. 1,ilc. llic11 11c 1(~ <lisli11g11e cles ve1scls 111ec-
111,,is 1cl;1lifs ,1t1 lli,11,clis. l.,c lln11,clis y est lot1jot11s 1se1"v ,, ce11x
111i 11111t111l c111 <'l :1ttc,1111>li cles c1t1v1es (lC'S (81), il esl ltcnlis <ln11s
1111 (>tt clcs .Jn1cli11s, cl:111s l<'SJttcls r(Jttlct<lltl clcs 111isscot1x (82), et
11,111~ c<~ .Jnr<li11s 1(-~ l~l,1s t1<lt1,c1,,11I (lt!~ (\l>(lt1scs llt11ifies. 1.-c 1nl,-
J,i11 se cc,11lc11lc iti clt! 111e11li(>11111't" si111plc 111<'t1l les lt(>lttis. Ue 111111c
1
1111'il n s111>1>1i111', ., ~1.~tli11C', <ltrle l'i111ngc1ie c i11fe11nle > <le J..,o

l\lrct1 tic, tic 111t1 111c ;, l't~(lt<(tle <11 I;, 1.-.ttile, il s1111,1i111e lot1lcs ]es
ltsc1i1,ticl11s se11sll(llt's clt1 (>11111clis (lctiles cln11s 11ot1e 1>1e111icr
,clt1111r s111 l . . 11 J\l<'<"flll<' (R~J). -- A 1c111n1<111er <'11ro1c q11c c les 1>l1-
1
1,r-~ i11111101lt'ls >~ flts ('t>l1'ltcs llls (fti'n les voit 111 les c1oirnis 11er-
ll. s <lt!lnt1,~c~ > (81), 0111 ctis1l11111 (le ce 11nssrt~(' ,le ln s0111atc Il. Le
1:1l)l>i11 n 1>c11l-t.-..l1c <"(>t1stnl <1t1c les t>lnisi1"S 1>ro111is (11111s l'Rtl-<lcl
i111x A1nl,cs <111i se c,,,1,('1li1,1ic11l t', 1,,
1,,Jigi<ltl ,l'ls111l 11'nvnicnt 11ns
11lli1 OIi jtt<ltlSllll' l('S 1cr111t'S CSl'()lllJ>lt~('S. Il rst J)(lSsil>lc (lllSS CJtle
lt'!i l\lccr(lt<)S ~c s,>ic11t n1>c111s 111 11111is (lt1 1nl1l,i11 n le111 ~gn1tl
I l<':i 1t1s<'S cil' rr- l( 111ic1 1><>111 l<'s nlli1e1 ntl j11tl:1is111r. A l\1t~c1i11e,
1
9
le .. l..,:l1nclis 11 i1t11,1 t>ltts jn111nis le 111111e 1clc11t (le sc11sunlil.
nc111n1<1t11s tic 1,lt1s <111c. cln11s te1lseig11C'111c11l (ltt 1ul)lli11, le
11,1,ntlis c~I i111111)1lf'I (8:i) : c (:ct1x c111i n111011t c1t1 cl ncco1111lli tics
(8(l) Sn,1r. Il. 2:i.

(81) Voit Il. Zr\KA1,1,s. op. rit., 1. 1, ,,. 73-88 : c J.rc; rotl(lition~ (\li snl,al
rl:,,1._ IC's 111r,11irr~ ,,,,c::,i1:111111<'11ls 1111 1:,J>l,i11 ; (>. 344-3-15.
(R2) 11,i,I. 1. :1:11.:, 11,.
tH:l) lli<I. 1>. :l lfl :11:1.
(81) lli<I. 11. 311-:112.
(85) So,1r. Il, ~J.

(:11,~r. DE r.. 'APOI.OG~l'l(JUE ESCl1A"fOLOOltJU6 ~IECQUOISIS 2a1
<l.!11v1es J>ics, ce11x-ln se1011l les llles dlt Jat(lin oit ils sero11l i111111or-
f1.!ls (81i). Not1s veno11s ,le voir at1 cllapilre de !'Enfer, qt1e le
1a1,lll(le (lt1 tabin est llivis e11 (let1x catgories ; ln sol1rate XCVIII,
5-8, 111el en (>J>posi lio11 ~es clettX s01tes (le ge11s :
Incr<lt1les . Croyants
5. C:ct1x q11i Rl1ronl t incr- O. (011 co11l1nire> cet1x qtti n,1-
(lttle~ 1>011ni les Dlcnf ~t1s 1onl c1u cl nccom1>li les \1-
<le l'l~cri litre et les Asso-- vres Jles, s011t le n1cille11r de
cia le11 rs seront tlnns le Fctt l'l1111nanil.
clc la Gl1cn11e oit, i1n1no1- 7. Let1r rco111pc11se set'a, nl1--
tels, ils (le111e,11ero11l. 11rs <le leur Seigne11r, les J n,.. _
Cc11x-J s011 l le t>i 1e <le tli11s (l'E(len sous lesq11els
J'JttllllUUil. coulero11l les r11isscat1x, of1 ils
restero11l i111morlels 1 er1 ter--
11 j t.
8_ Yal1w sera satisfait (l'ettx et
ils sc101,t satisfaits (le L11i.
Celn t'cvien<lrn qtti nt110
1e<lot1 t son Seigneur.
l .. c Jectct1r l1ol>il11 n l'A. ,,. trot1vc1a ces textes absol111nc11l clps ...
si<1t1cs : l'cx1)1cssio11 c Fct1 tle ln Gl1e1111e ~ est aull1enlic111c1ne11t
l,il,ti,111e (R7). ()11 11c s't;l<>n11crn J>ns, 11011 pltts, c.Jc voir les Jardins
cl'l~,lc11 fig111rr Je )lnrn,lis. Et ce1>e11(lnnt 1111 (le mes co1respon<lR11t~,
1,,. nJ,isn11t lrs co11n11 el fort <lislingu, nyont vcu tot1fe fia vie
c11 111ilict1 111t1s11l111011, occtt{)nnt t111e sit11nlio11 offlciclle lts leve,
y t1<>t1vc ol>jcctio11. Ja111nis les .Juifs, 111'c1il-il, n'ont i1nRgin le
Jln1n<lis so11s fo1111c tle jn,ins el, 11nr co11sec1uc11t, vot1e ll1sc st11
l'(ltigi11c jt1i,,c tilt Co1on , se t1011ve ici en <lfattl.
Q11')' n-l-il (le vroi (lnns celle ol,jcclion ? l\c11101qt1ons tout
cl'ol)t>ttl <ftlC l'u11let1r tic Jn Ge11se ovuil 1>lnc Je Pn1n,lis lrr1eslrc
cln11~ 1111 jit1cli11 n1r<>s 1>n1 1111 flct1ve : c Yttl,,v Dir11 J>ln11ln 11n jor-
t Ii 11 c ,1 1~ <1c 11 (88) , i1 l' 0 1ic 11 1, c t I l y 111 i t I'l, o 111111 e c1 t 1' 11 av a i t 111 o d c I...
(R(i) lt,i,I. 7ti ; ,oit n,,~~i illcl. 277 : f:r11x q11I nu,ont rttl, nc~o,,,Jll(
,lc~ 1,1\1c,~ 1,i(s. nrr,,,,11,li ln l 1 1i1c ri ,lo11r1 l'A11111,l11c. '<'11x-ln n11ronl
1il1il,t1li,,1, 0111,rs ,le lrtJr Scignct11. N,,lle ('rni11te sur c11x et lis ne so1ont
,,ns ,,11,i~l~ >. S111 ccl le ro1r11 t1lc fi ,,i,lt~, voir n,1'.llsi Ibid. 50, 204 i V, 73.
(87) Il. ZA1<A1,rAs, op. c-il., t. 1. 1,. 321, 334-330.
(8R) \'c,ir Tl. l>R VAtx, (ln11s ll{llr ,le Jr,,.~,,tc1t1, p. 10, nnn()I. 9 ~ c Ji11-
li,1 ,st lr:tclt1il c 1n1nclis > clnri:is l, ,<.r.c;ic>r1 ~crqt1e, 1>t1i:, tla,,s lol1lc ln tro1i-
ll(ll\. )~,, ..,,, ,si ltll 11011t ~i~OR1ni1l1i<1t1c c1,ti ~c (lrol,c to11lc lornli~nti,1n
t'l n lltl ,1,,1,,,111 ~ig1,ifitr c ~>c >. l.,c lll\1n,lis est rtp1sc11t ~011,1,,e \11\C
:ansi~ .
L'ISI .. A~I AltAIIE EN ~IAI\CIIE - LA GUEI\J\~
Un fleuve sorloil ,t1;:,1c11 l>llttr n11l>scr le jn1din cl (le ] se <livisail

,,,,111 fo1111c1 (tt1nl1c l>1ns .. '\'nll,,, l)ictt ()til l'l10111111e et l'tnl>lil
c1,an s 1c j o 1<1i 11 t I' E (lc 11 1, <, 11 r l e c t I I t i ,, c 1 e l Ie g n r <1cr > ( 8U) . Ce l le
n 1
cllsr1i1,ti,,11 11e s'1,1>1,lic111c ,,icll"111111c11l qt1 ln sit11ntio11 te11csl1'e ;
111:,is. C(t111111t' l11111011 tsl 1111 ,ct,,111 ,r,s l)ic11, celle tlesc1iJllio11 <ll'Vait
r:1itc fo1l1111e cl s':11,1,lic1,1t!r 1,,ttl 11nt,,,. cllC'1ne11l il la ,,ie ttll1n-le1-
1lsl1c tics r10)1,11ls, 111(lcsli11s it 1111c vie J,ic11l1Pt11c11se. Avn11l <l't,1-
1 i,c1 n cc gl issc111 c 11 t 1101111 n 1, cc 1>c1 t(l n 111, t, ic11 cs si clcs s' co\1 le-
1c 111 t. Ce 11'csl <1t1',,,1x t1lc11l<,111!i ,les 111-)l siclc>s nva11t J.C. (Jttc
lt\'i Jt1ifs, rests clc1>11is ln (~e11sc li<lles n lit lru<lilio11 <lu Slt(ll,
111cJl<tro11l nl'llc r(,11sci<11cc cl'11,1 sjt1t11 s11cinl rse1vr cet1x q11i
11111"()111 c1t1 n,1 I>il'tt tl11 l\l<111t Si1111. Ce s<>11I les S<'(>ln11tc C[tti, trn-
clt1isn11l <le l'l1<'l)1<'t1 <'Il g,ec lrs l~iv1rs clc l'A. 'I". s<ltts le 1i"gt1e clc
i>1c1l111~c t>J1ilt11lcl1ll1c (28:J :,,, . .J.-C.), 1r11tli1c1tt J><>t1r )11 t>t"t'111i1c
r,,is l'~x1>1t'ssi,,1, c j111,li1, tli11 le lc11,1c c 11n1uclis >. l"c JJiv1e cl'll-
t11cl1 ,,,t;cisc <l1,,i,11t;1g<'. l .. <s l>il'1111c111ct1:< 1tc sc,1111,l11s 11ncs clnn~
1,! $/t,!c>/, 111tt!, cl1t11t; 1111 j111cli11 <I<' ,i,~. l~l l<'S 1"t,111111lisles 11'l1silcnl
1>l11s i, l<l<'t1lis<'1 1>cl111 l'tl<'111i1(, l('S l>ic11l1et1re11x ,1,,11s le j111cli11
,l'l:(lt11 (!)!)). -- S'il 11'lsl 1,,1~ i,1,s(,lt1111c11t i11cx:1tl ,le 1cr11se1" nttx
111,cic.1,s l1l,1rt1x cl i, ,11,c g1n11tlt. t>t11li~ tlc ln trn,lilio,, j11ive
:111rt'1111r l'i,lc11t ifrl11lic11 ,l11 l)111i1tlis, 1<"cc11111>c11se cles j11stes, 1,,,cc 1111
j:11tli11 cl'E(lcr,, 1,:11 ("()tllte il f:,,,t 1rs(>l11111c11l nffi1111c1 (IIIC (~(lie
l11tin<nlitlll, 1>1,11,lil,le n,,~ 11l)()l'(ls <lit 1[" siicl( n,11111 .r.-(:. est
11,,tl<'t11e11l lnl11111cli,111c. ()1, c'rst l,1 l11,,lili<>11 lt1lr11t1<I<ftte t[tle le 1nl>--
l,i11 1,1111lotlc c1n11~ ll's 1\cl,.~ <lt /'/~lc,111 111ec<111ois (91) el C(ttc no11s
1clt()ll\'()llS cln11s lt\S ,lt'f(S ,lt> l'l.~1<1111 11,c)i11()S : C 1... (\111" 1c()Jll)lCllSC
~'111, 1111111s clc 1rt11 SC'ig11c111, les .Jn,tlins <l'Elll\n S<ltl~ les<111cls ("<>t1-
ll1<,11l les 111issr,1t1:<, ()tt ils 1<~;te1011l i11111toltcls, e11 tcr11il > (02).
l.c,i11 <I<~ c,)11stil,,t.. 1 111,e (>1,jccli,.,, n tl<> l tc 11,se s111" l'<>rigine 1ol>-
li11i,111t' (lr.s ,\ri,.~, tc texte, l)i<:'11 ;111 co11lrni1c, ln C(lt1fi1111c. l... n pl1i-
lt,s,,,.l,it 1cligi<'t1~r (l11 1nl>l>it1 ne s111lil 1lttc1111e ,,n,itlio11. C'est cli,i-
1(111,cr,t cl i11,a11ii,l1l<111c11t ,1t1'il <li,,ist\ l'l1111nanit c11l1c les Croya11ls
,,1 l<'s (ic>i111, <111'il e1,~cig11c ln 1s1111erlic,11, le j11gc111e11t i11<livi<lt1cl
i1t,lif i, ,,, ft'S()f)(ISlll>ilil l)Cl"S(lllll("11e, lrs RtlllCI<>IIS pro1,onces
,l.111s l'e! jt1gr111c11I, lc111 ,,,,tc,11 l't'lt."111il. Il est i1111,ossil>lc tic 111cl-
l11 l11 111>i11cl1e slissitlll c11l1"c 1<' jt1(l1,s111e 011tir11, Il~ j11clnsn1e tnl-
11111li<ft1,\, el l<s ,1,lrs ,le 11.-;lo,11. l.,'e11seig11e1ne11t q11e 11011s ve11011s
I( 11111tlC'l(1 l'('\i1,11l cc,11sl11111111f11I S(>lls ln 1>lt1111c tilt 1nl>l>i11, cl ce
~lrnit l111l1i1 1,, 11,,,11111(\<' tlc l'i11~;t1t1tlc111 lie l\1t>11t1111111etl, C)ltc clc 11c
J>'" )' 1r,l11i1 11<>lls-111111e co11sl11111111c11t : c Cet1x <Jtti s0111 i11c1-
(8n) (;r,,~c. 11. R. ,,,, 1~.

(90) \'rlir Il. Z,1t\l\t.\S, op. rit . 1. 1. p. ~:-18.
(~Il llicl. Jl. :1:1R-:l:l!t.
(92) Voi, 1>lus l1:1,1t. le lcxlc ,te ,~, SlJ\11. XCVIII, 7.
CIIEC

DB L'APOLOGtrrl(JU~ ESCIIATOLOGIQUE MECQUOJSB 293
clltles 011( prlen<l11 qt1i1~ ne seraient pas rappels. R11onlls-lcur

(~l0l1n111111e : c Si f pnr n1on Seignet11 1 vo11s se1ez certes rappels,
1>t1is vot1s scre,: aviss de ce qtte vo11s aurez fail. Cela, pot1r Yal1~,
sPrn nis > : c Croyez (lonc e11 Ynl1,v, Son Aptre et la Lttmire
(f tt'II n fnit lescen<l1e 1 Yal1w, <le ce qt1e vo11s faites, est trs
i11for111. 1~ .J<>tlr oit il votts ru11ira 1>our le Jot1r de la Rltnion, ce
sC'10 le .Jr>11r tle le l\l11l11clle l)11pe1ic. (Eri ce jot1r) cettx q11i auront
l~rtl c11 "\'nl1w el fnit (rt1v1e J>ic, (Ynl1,v) effacera le11rs n1nuvnises
11clio11s et Il les fcrn enlrc1 <lnns <les Jnr<lins sotts lcsq11els coule-
1,,11l les rt1issea11x el oi1 ils 1cstc1ont. i111111orlels, en lernil. C'est
ln le St1tci's l111n1e11se > (93) - 0 vot1s qt1i croyez I si vous crni-
~11ez ''1111,,,, 11 vot1s clonncrn 11nc Snlvalion. vous fera re1nise c)c
''<ls 111n11vt1iscs nctio11s et vous pn1<lonnera. Ynl1w est Dle11let1r <le
1n J;'i, ,rc11r 1111111ensc > (!)4). Nous 1etrot1vo1\s e1tco1e celle <1ern irc
1flcxio11 ,ln11s ln s<>tttnle XI"VII : Cct1x qtti aut"ont co1nbntlt1 (ln11s
le c~l1c111i1t <le Ynl1,v. Ynl1\, 11e f101lJ>e1a 1>as de nullit let11s
11<~lio11s. 11 l~s clirige1n 1~fo1111ern let11 1>e11sc et les fera ent1e1 <la11~
le .Ji11<li11 fltt'll lcttt n fnil co11nat1e > (95).
12. t.'f'sl ,111'cn efef ''nl1,,, est 1~ 1nnitrc <1~ ce11x qt1i croiP11t,
nl,,1s (Ille lc's l1l(i<ll<'~ 11'<.>tll 1>oi11t <le Mol1e.
1:1. Ynl1,, r~rn enl1er ce11x c1t1i n11ront crtt el acco111pli <les
11v1es 11ies, clnns <les .Tnrcli11s sous lesq,1els cot1lero11t les
111isscn11x. Ce11x (Atl c(111trni1e) c111i a11ro11l t infidle~ At1ro11t
(l>1vc) jo11issn1,ce, tl1n11gc1ont c.01111nc 1nnngenl les l>tes de
l1ot11len11x, 1111.1is le Ft.. ,1 se1a lettr asile (Ofi).
l~r.<>t1lo11s n1ni11lcnnnl les vrrscts s11ivnnls~ et nol1s snisi1c>11s s111

le vir 111 c1i(T,t1cnce et1lre le Pnraclis n1<linois et le PorA<lis mec-
,1,1ois. l)nns le Jlnrn<lis 111,li11(lis, co111n1e nott~ 1'1,vons 1e111nrq11,
l~ ll<111i!i cl J,,s 11elils g111<>11s ont (lis11nr11. Ce 1>11rA<lis n'a plt1s 1ien
(l'ex<~il2111I 11i cil~ l11x111i,~11x. C.c 11cst 1,l11s q11'11n liett de repos et de
1:1ft'tlicl1issc111c11l ; ici, pns (le tllucc 1,0111 l'an1011r cl1arnel :
(93) Sclltr. I.XIV. 7-!J: ,,tir il,i,I. 10: c C~tnlnnrz Yo.11,v/t, nutn1,t qt1c
,cl\l~ llo11rrc1. J r~ot1lr1. 1 Ol,ls~~1. f Fnilcs lt\p~,,~e "'' (n,111,nc) .. C,('llx-lit
~(1ot1l lrs l\i{'11l,r,11ct1x > ; ,oi1 ntt~~i I.XII. 4 : c C'est ln ln fnvc11r clc
'':ll1,,. Il ln <lc,n11c <1,1i Il ,c,11. Y,,11,v csl le l)tcnlcur <le la Faveur
l111111C'nsc 't.
(91) So,11. VIII. 20: voir n,,~~i 1>. prc-clcntc, n.l., !'iot1r. 1..JCII, -
(9fi) S,1111. Xl,VII, 5-7.
(OG) lbi,I., 12-13.
2!J 1 1. ISJ.A~I AJIAIIE EN AJAltCIIE - LA GUERnE
l(i. (\',aiti) l.1 1,11t~sr11li1I(>11 clt1 .J111clin c111i a l pro111is n11x

(:1nig111,11ls-l )C'II : Il s'y l1ot1v<'1n :
11) clcs 11,is~t:111:< cl'1111c cn11 11011 c10111lissn11l<',
1,) clcs 111issc'11t1:'t cl'1111 )nit ntt ~0(1t i11nllrnl>lc,
c) tirs 111issc1111x <le vi11 '\'<>lt111t J>Ottr les l>t1vet1rs (07)
1
17. cl) clrs 111iss(':ltlX tic 111iel cln1ifi. cr~es C1aig111111ls-J)iet1) y

,,111<>111 lc1t1ls sc11lc~ clc frt1ils et tin 1>nr,lo11 ,te le11r Scig11eur.
(l~I, c111c,i I csl-c<' <111e cel11i <ftli est <ln11s cc Jnrtli11 est) co111111c
crt11i c1t1i S('111 i111111,11tcl, cln11s le }."ett, et (c,,1n111e cettx <111i)
sr1c,11l :1l,1r11,t's cl'1111e cnt1 J,011illn11te qt1i lc11r dvo1c1n les
<'11lti1illcs ? (!JS).
I.e f>a11nclis rsl 1111 li,11 ,le 1:,f1:1i<l1issl't11~11I. l\Inis <i1 esl l>ic11,
111rllc 1>lnlc c>t,111>~-l-il cl,,1,s le l><,11l1l'ltt cl111 n11 c1ni~11n11l-l)ir.t1?
l .. 11 ,isi<111 1,<~itli ri,111c <'sl ~,itlc111111<'11I 1111c jot1issn11ce i11accessil>le
l'i11(c,Jligc11r(' l\1,1ll('; llC>IIS l>f>ll\'ClllS lllrlllC njotllCt' Ollj()lllt('(111,
i11:1tcl'ssil,ll' a't l'i11ll'lligr11cc 1111t!-ittl111n11c (UU).
1,,11s rc'S lcxlcs, ((11(' IIC)IIS ('l>llS J>Cllll" J,ic11 l11l,li1 lcs C()ll\'(~It>llS
0
clc t"('tlX 1u.i s'i11lt 'l'<'~sc11t it 11,,s l11clcs, s111,Jl<>st11t 1111l111cllc-
(97) Si , ,i11, ,.,.,,,,,, ... )J(l\11" lcs l111,C'111s. tlt>t rire co1,i('ll~C'lllCIII cli~lri-
l111, :111 t:1111clis, il ( ~:I l>t'II clif)cil< tir t1ti1c q 11"j) t'Sl 1Jfrc11<)ll ~tir l<'11c iltlX
1 1
11111c;t1l11,:111isi~. l>':1ill1111~, t,ltc ,,,1>l1il,ilit>11 r~l 111ni11l<'11n11l l1s Jnr~<'111cnt

.,i
i11IL111r,1,t : Il l''-il ,., c1t1'n11 clil,11l ,1,, ln ~cron<lc pric><lc 1,1r<c111c,i~r.. ROttr.
~~X\1 11, -1115. lt' ,:1l1l,i11 :1,nil (lf,llllt' n l'rn,, les 111111rs q11nlitis q,,.il
,1llril,,1r ,111 ,i11, i1 l\l,,li11c: c ()11 1111 fcr:t rirr11lc1 tl<'S <'<>lll>CS cl't111c (l>ois
',t)fl) li11111ielr, cl:1i1. ,,,,1,,,,1,i 110,,r lt's t,,,vcrrrs >. .
(!lR) S,,111. Xl .. \'11, tfi-17.
(n!)) ))nn.'\ ,~ flt\1ic,1li<1tll' :lllll'l"l"ilII T/,1/E, <ltl 23 110\'('ltll)rC 1950, Jl. 30, lin
:1rlitlr :i;if!11:1lnil l:1 c11lcln111nnli,1n :", 111c,rl rl Ir~ cle1nir1~ insl:1nls cl't111 rer-
l:1i11 J\1:\111\lllll, n 111-:c:111. t11 lo1cl,11t ,Ir ln 111cr C:ns1>ic1,11c. en lrn11. Voici
\ 111,, Ir jc1t11 J, rlI ~l.\lli\ltJI) ,n ll'(' ("111111('11~ R la pol~nrc :
C Il ~l~I lr,r.. {,,,it lt 11n11nltt11 - C n 3 1,. ;10, n,1 111nli11 tic ln ,,en
,l:1i~>t1. Al1l11li1>11~ rilt1cII<~ tl(~ 111ni11s, clr~ l>rn~, ,te ln fi,-:111c ri cl,1 <r,,1 ,le
1iI > ("ic). c l~,1~1,ilc, llri1r~ n,,c Ir c "ft1llnl1 > <'I ,l"t1slnlio11 rie ll1
;1,cl pa,<'nl~ <'I n111i~. lJ11(' ,t~ ~<'~ S<l'tlr~ cl,,te en sn11~lf1t~ 1 : c Jllc11re pn~ 1
l.:1 111<l1t sni~il tl1:1c,1t1 :", ~on 10111 <'Il rc' l,:,s 111011<lc >. E111111c11 nt1 lic11 clc IA
,,,.,,,lai~,,,,, r11 ,1ilt1rc IC! 1>c>licr, il cl,n11lc j1,~c11sC'111t'11I la cl1n11son l'n<lieu
:,,, 111011,lc :
C O ,n,i~Ce'lllf'lll tir 11n"~r, n llll 11101111c plt1~ ,tai,

flll<'I
oit je fc1i1i lil 1c111,1t1i'lcclt f 1,,l,/1,::c l1t>r1ris (a11x r:;rnntl~ )'et1x) 1 >
(l:a,,r.l:,l, clil C:'trttlt111c11I C S\\'l'CI 1,~:111 ('rst-n-clitf' C t:J,rle ). c:,~ (lltl

11<'1111,~rll<' ,,n~ ,t1 lni11"i 11,1tr,11~ 1:,11,,,li(111t~. (llli se rr)('lll lrs rc,1111><',tcnls
cr, 11,oloAir, Ir 1n1,,,1ltl,cr <'CS ns1,i1,,tio11s 11111st1l111:,11rs clcs lo11s 111) sli- 0
(ltc~ ,le S. Jc:-111 cil' l-1 (:1t>ix.

t
ECIIEC D~ L APC>f ..OGETIQUE ESCIIATOI.OOIQUE MECQUOISB 295
111c11t. cl1ez le 1nbl,i11, l1ocl1ine constante sttr la rst1r1ec--
1111c
lio11 in(livitlt1elle ; effcctive1ne11t, elle se trouve forle111e1,t
taye (lnns les so111ntcs 1nccqt1oiscs, (voit Il. ZAKARIAS, t. 1, 1>.
3(} 1-31 R) - , et 11ot1s ln 1cl1ot1vons nfflrn1e nvec la m111e t11n-
ci l (lo ns les sot11n les n,ien pett <le cl1ose, sottr. XLVII, 3R :
c l..,n Vie l111111(linle est sc11le111ent jeu el distraction. Si vot1s
c1o)'ez, cl (si vo11s) crnignez Yal1,v, Yal1w vo11s rlonne1a
(les 1et1il>t1lio11s snns V(>t1s 1cl111ner ,os l>iens>: voir at1ssi sotar.
III, 12 : c Pot11 les l101111nes, ont t 1>n1s (de fnt1sses ap1>a-
re11ces) l'amot11 <les voltlJlls tires <les fe1n111es. (l'o1not1r) <les
fils, (les qi11lr ll1sn\11iss <l'or cl cl'nrgent, (l'omot11) cles cl1c--
vn11x 1ncs, c1cs (IJtes) <le lro11pea11x et clcs terres c11ltivnl>lcs.
C:'tst (l) jo11iss1111e cle la Vie l111111dinlc, alors q11'n1111rs tic
)r1,l1,v est l>ent1 lict1 <le relot1r > ; ibid. 113 : c Ce clo11t ils fclnl
cll~1,c11se (en 11,,1es vni11es), en celle Vie In1111clinle, est n
)'i111ngc ,J'11n ve11l glocinl <Jtli n frn1>p la rcolte cle c,ns
i11jt1sl<'S et <1t1i a cllr11il celle rcolte. Ynl1,v 11e les n t>ns less,
11111is ils se S<)lll lss c11x-111111rs ; voir n11ssi ihicl., 139-1,11,
11(;; I.Vll( 1~)-20: Si1tl1t'Z c1t1c 111 \'ie l111111<1inte,esl jet,, <lis ..
l111clio11, (vni11t') 11n1111<', lttllc (le jnctn11cc entre votas, ll1lle n,,
s11j<,t (les l>ie11s et tles e11fo11ls 1 :. (Le g1n11(11>01tl1eu1. po,11 les
S111itcs, cor1siste f 011<lo111cnlnlcn1ent etl ricl1esscs, el e11fnnls
111lcs. IJes fe111111es scl11l nvnnl lottl ltlilitni1es ; elles s011l esti ..
111Pcs n lct11 vnllt11 <1l~ 1e1l1<1<lt1cli<ln). (Elle est) h la resse111-
l,ln!lC<' cl't111c llll<lc : 1,, vglnli,ltl qt1i ln s11il t>lnt nttx l11fi ..
clles, (111nis) c11s11ile (cette vglnlic,11) se ntrit ; lt1 ln vois
j11t111i1. Jlttis ,Jeve11ir (ll>1is le~scl1s. lln11s ln Vic Der11ire,
sc>nf (011 l>icn) l<>t1rmc11t terrible, (011 l>ien) 1>ardo11 et sAtis-
fnclion <le Ynl1,,,, nlo1s qt1e Jn ''ic I111111<linte est set1lc1ne11l
j,111issnnce l101n1>et1se > ; sot1r. IV, 70 : c Rpo11<ls-le11r,
(t\l(>l1n111111ect) : c .lottir clc ln Vie l111n1clinle est pct1 olors qt1c
l:t ''ie J)e111i1c est n1rillct11e po111 cel11i Cftti crni11t Yol,,,, :
il,i,l., !)(i, 100 ; sot11. XXI\', 11, 1!), 23, 33 ; 39-40 : c I ..cs Relions
le rcttx, (Rtt cc11,trni1l'), q11i ~011l inficlles sont co1n111e 1111
111i1ngl~ (la11s 111,c 1,l,1i11c : l'l101111i1e nllt Je pren<I pot1r <le
l'cntt cl, qt1nt1<l il y n11i,c, il l1011ve c111e ce 11'c~l rien. A11 Jt1ge-
111(~11l l)c111ic1, (l'l110l~lc) l1011ve1n Ynl1,v qtti J,,i clonne1n
j11st<~ s011 co1111llc. Y,,t,,v est p101111ll fniae 1cn<ltc co1111>l~.
()11 l>ir11 (e11co1<~, c'est) n ln re~sc111l>ln11ce cfes tnl>res, sttr t111c
Illet c,l>~Cllt"e : l111 n<,t )11 C(lltv1e 5111' leq11el esl \111 flot, Sllr }CflllC'\
sc,111 clc~ 111101-?e~. T11l,1e~ s1,1 lrs<111elle~ sclnl (l'a11l1cs t11-
l,1t'~. Qt1nn(l (l'l10111111c) so,t s11 111ni11, i, 1,ci11e pet1l-il 1,, voi1.
c:clt1i il (llli Ynh,v. llC tll)llllC ))US tic J. . 11111i1e 11'0 1>oi1,t clt!
L l 1111 -1 C >
-,...
-- ., , -st.Af\l Al,Al)E t:H ,1AnCIIE - LA GUEIIRE
2. f.,R rs1111c<li,,r1 i1t<Ji,i<l11cllc : sc>t1r. I.. XI\', 7-9 (lexie <lj

ril); ''Ill, -12, (jR ; XI . . \'JI, 2 ; 111, 7 ; 21 : c Co111111e11l (sero1\t-
ils) r111n11(I N,,11s lC's r~1111i1011s c11 1111 joltr i11<lt11>itnblc, (c1t1on(I)
cl1n<JltC n111c 1ctcv1., r~nclc rc(1111prnsc clc ce CJt1'elle se sera
11cr111is cr (,111c ers J,111>ics) 11e se1011I 1>oi11l lrss ? , ; ibi,I. ~ :
c A11 jo,11 (111 cl1,1c111c 111c 1el1011vcro, orfert <levant
clle, cc qt1't,llc nt11u fnil <le )Jien et lo11l ce qt1'elle
,,,1,C\ r11it ,1t' 11101 > .; il,i,I., 182 : c Tclttlc 111c go,lc la
111011. A,, jo,11 ,le ln Rfst11rrclion. ,011s 11e r<'cevrez exoclc-
111e11l (JIIC \'()S 1<~l,il)IIIor1s ; ; il,id., ioi : Ne JlOUS ntl1islt~ f)8S
n11 .Jo,11 clc Ir, llistt11cclion f > ; s<>ttr. 1\1, '1:J-,15, 80 : c Yol1,v
- 111111c ,ti,i11lt~ t'XtCt>l IJt1i - , ,,olts rt111i1t1 cc1les, ntt Jc>u1
(le la f\c;1111<'(lirl11 ! Nt1l ,l,111lt~ st11 cc jo111 1 Qlti ,l(>11c est 11l11s
''l'J'f)fJIIC (f11~ ,1111,,r, ('JI (~f')Jl) clisro111s ? > ; il,i,I., 1:\3, 1 J() :
)'1111,, j11~f\r:1 <'r111e ,<lits (~t e11x) nt1 Jot11 ,le ln Rs1111cclio11.
cl ''1111,,~ 11'n<'<'"(l1,ft1n n11x 1110,li,fcs 1111l 1110J<'11 (,te l'c1111l<l1lc1)
s111 les (:1-,l,1,11ls

; if,i,{ . l(i(I, 17-1 ; XXI\', Ot. ()li 111 1s1111cc-
li<,11 rsl r<111~t1t' tc1111111' 1111 1tlt1t11 i, 1>ic11 : l~lt (Jtic,i 1 <e 'I 11i
(\.'il .1,,11s Jr~ tl'II~ ('( ~111 li, lc11r 11'esl-i) 1>oi11I n YnJ,,v ? Il
l)Ctrl <'c>111toilrc l"t'lttl <lit ,,,11s l-lcs (!l le j,1111 i (les l1<,r11111Ps)
sc'to11l rn111cttl;s i, 1~tti. ,\ lt11s, Il le~ nvisc111 <lt~ cc c111'ils n111<111l
fllll. \'ni\\\'(, l'Cll\ll(lll l()lll >.
1\ 11:\\'l'l'S l(lllS ('( 'S l<'Xll'~, llllll~ SttSS~(l llS Slll' Je \'f ln lltet\lttlil
ri J,, 111,,111c>1J,, ;11>>::lc>lif111r ,111 1:,l>l,i 11. A j11slc lil1e, )es cl11-
li<:'11~ 11'c,r1l 1:t'i ,,~i ,lill<;rc1,1r11t'1tl 1<>111 le <l11istin11is111t'. f.,c
1,1i1,l'llC' 11,1,1ic1 1r ,l:,i, : lit 1cligi,111 fic 1\1,,se <'';f ln S<'ttl<'
,,.,ir. ,\ttl'\111 .1,,ir.~1>('\I( t:,S()l11\Ct n11(1ctllC'lll. Il 11)r n <ttt'llll
s'ttl lliLt1, 1r I littt <Ir l\lt1sr. Ne Jl('lll ~l,c sn11v~ <Jtlc l'l1(ll11111e
11,i 11111:1 r111 ('Il ,1111,,, et 1>1-i,lic111c Je j11clns111c. Nl,11s nvc1ns
,l,111s cts <111<'lr1t1rs ligrt(s );1 l>,1sc i11t'l>1n11ll1l>lc (le ln 1cligio11
jt1i,,<'. l~l ('<'If<' l,1,se s111 Jn((ttt'llc 1c1><>se <.cl111111e s,1r 1111 fo11-
(le111~11l 1111i(Jttc 111 ,i(' 1(. li~ic11sc <le (<1,1t Jttif, se relrott\'e J>nr-
1,,,,t ,tn,,s lrs ,\,fr.~ ,,,. l'l.c.l,,111. Cc Jl Ol'lllllc 111:1ssif Sllffil O l11i
~r,11 1,,,111 11r>11s l"f>t1v,1i11r1c <les 01igincs j11V('S cl, co11crle--
111c11l, <les <>rigi11cs 1nlJ,i11ir1cs ,le l'l~ln111 n1iil,t~. T1 <>tll' nllein-
cl1c 5()11 f>tlf ll)lO:,l(ll<(tl(', le 1nltl1II rn it jOllCr - JJOtlr OllS <IrC
-- l,)111111r nrgt1111e11t l n1>ilnl les 11crs11ccti,,cs (I\ l'n11-<lcln : ln
0
c \'il' l111111c'c1i~,ll' ~, c.-'csl-n-cli,t' lc11('stre cl J>11s~ngre, n'n tic

,11Je11r r11c 1>n1 l'r>1it\11l11lic>11 111'<)11 lt1i ,101111(', tl1ic11tnti,,11 fftti
0
clfl,,111<.11<' ~111 l'< 'f("r11il : l'l10111111e fJlt at11n .~t1i,,i les e11sei~11c--
111<111~ cita Si,,1, t'<'<c,1n sn 1co1111,c11se (e1n<'11c, le Po1t1<lis;
l'l1(,111111c c111i 11t111, fi i11(itllc i, C<"S co111111n1,,le111c11ls sera
~lc1n,,tl('t11r11l11111,i c11 l~11f1r. J.,'lsln111 ,,~ llC11t c11scig11c1 l'nt1-
lrrs flers1>ctli,t's ff ,,c C'C'llcs-1i,. c111i S(l11t le 1,1c111c ,111 j111111s1ne ..
1~1,tre J,,
\tic 111111,(~<liilc cl lclle ,te l'A11-.Dcl, il cxisl 11ot1r
CIIEC l>E LAPOI.. OOTl(JU6 ESCJIATOLOOIQUB MECQUOISB 297
ni11si (lire t111e c11n111i~1e c111i osst11c la conli1111it logique enl1e
ces dcttx vies. Celle cl10111irc, c'est la Rs1111eclion et le J11ge-
111c11l Dernie1 : s011r. L \'III, 6-7 : c Altx Infidles. un tour111c11t
nvilissa11l, att jo111 <> Yol1,v les rappellera ( la vie) en tolu-
lit, et les avisera <le ce qt1'ils a11ront fnil ; Ynl1w l'at1ra te11t1
('Il c1>1111llc nlo1s qt1'ils l'a11ront 011bli. Yol1w, de toute cl1ose,
est t111oi11 > ; ibid., 8 : c Yul1,v enst1ile les avisera, at1 Jot1t
<le Jn nst111ection, cle ce qtt'ils at1ront fait. Yol1,v connoit
lotit >. - Rien n'esl i11(fiffrcnt <la11s IR vie. Cl1act1n de 110s
11clcs sern jt1g sn vnlet11 exncle. Le texte de la sour. XXII,
5-8 l"np1>elle to11le la 1>e11se rnecqttoise : c Ilommes I si vous
tes en doule ott st1jet <lt1 Rep11e), (souvenez-votts qt1e) Nota~
Vt>tls nvo11s crs _(le 1>011ssir(\. pttis <l't1nc joc11lotion, J>ttis
tl'11ne n<ll1rence, p11is cl't1ne 1nasse flnsqtte lal>ore Oll non
t~lnbo1e, afin (le faire clater l'vidence vos yet1x. (So11ve-
11cz-v<llls q11e) Not1s tl1>osons (lu11s les ut1t1s ce qtte Not1s vot1-
J,>11s j11sqt1' tin lc11ne fix, qt1e No11s vous en faiso11s s,11li1
c'11s11il<', r>elil e11fn11t, 1>0111 fftt'e11st1ile vous atteigniez vol1e
1,11J,c1l. Pn1111i vo11s, il c11 est qt1i so11l rappels (au Seigne111
r1vn11t 1,, vieillesse); 11n1111i vot1s, il en est qt1i sont rejets j11s-
<r,1'il l ' g c I e J>l t Is v i 1, n n11 q t 1' n p r s av o i r s t 1, iIs ne sec 11 en t p I t1s
1ic11 ... Y:1l1'\'\ , e11 vri t, rnni111e les n101"fs. Star lottle cl1osc, il
1
rsl <111111i1>olenl. L'Het11c va venir - nt1l (l011lc ce sujet - et

'\"1111,,, 1n1lt>clle1n ce11:< <Jtli sont ()ans lt's spt1lcrcs > ; voi1
Il. Z,\l<AlllAS, 011. ,il., 1. 1, 1>. 93, n. ,& ; Il. 28fi, n. 1,1 ; 280, 11. 1 ;
:1,, 1, 11. 1 ; 305, 11. l ; !J(l7, 11. 1. Sur l'nlTi11nnli<>11 de ln Ilst111ec-
li<,11, ,,,>i1 r11c<>1e sot11. XXII, 9, 08 : c '\'ulaw tlcitlcrn entre
,ct1s filll' 1111oi V(>tls vo11s lrottvcz vot1s <>111>oser >. Au 1110111e11t
tic l:t llfit111ecti(>11, n l 1c1111c i11tcrve11lio11 r11 V(>l1e fnve111 11c
sc1n J)<lssilJlc ; s011r. LX, 3 : c Ni vos liens <le co11sanR11i11it, ni
vls e11f,111ls ne vc,11s se1<>nl 11liles. Ynl,,v l1ancl1c1"0 c11t1c
vt>tls. St11 ce q11e vous fnites, Il est clnirvoyont >.
A1>1s celle lo11gt1e <ligrcssi,>11, revenons 111oinlcnnnt at1 Parntlis

111<li11,,is, e11 1rp1c11nnl, it p11rti1 <le 111 S(>t11ate XLVII. l'exn111en l1!i
1a1Jli,I,, cles lt'xles. Cel exn111e11 ne no11s op1>orlera, d'aillet1rs, n11ct111
<~l111c11I 11011vc:it1 : c J>,,111 cc11x q11i nt1ro11t vc11 lnns Jo crainte ,le
I>ic11, ~c,1<J11f, n111,1rs <le leltr Seig11c11r, des Jarrlins s011s lesqt1els
<~<,11lcr<>11I ,l~s 111issct111x, oi1 i11111101lels, ils ettront <les 1>ouses pttri-
fics cl Slllisfnclio11 <le Yol,,v. Yol,,,, r~t clni1voyont s11r Ses sc1-
,ilcl11s > (10()). Ici, co111111c <ln11s les ve1scls J)rccle11ls, le Pa1a<li~
1sc1vt~ ,1t1x c:1c,yt111ls est (lcve1111 essc11lielle111enl 11n liet1 de rafroi-
(JOtl) S,,111. Il, 13.

L1sr.,A,-I AllAOt; t:N IJAI\CIIE - LA GUERRB
,l1issP111e11I. l.1rs J~l11s ,, l1011vcr,>11I <les fc111111cs, ce1les ; n1nis q11elle

,linencc e11l1e ces .::1><>11scs cl les llo11ris ,le_ l . . n M~~c111e. o,1x for-
111rs el nt1x ~esles ng11i<.l1n11ls 1 (1()1) - c O vo11s ,1111 croy~z, lnn:
1,,z-,ot1s ,,~,s le 1101,l,>11 11(' ,ot1e St\ig11e11r, v~ts 1111 J nr(ltn a11sst
1;11~~ ,111c les cict~ cl l:1 1c11e ; (Cl' J,,r,lin) est 111c1ln1 po11r les
l :,-1;ig11n11ls .. l>ic11, <t\ti r(,11t tl1)c11sc (c11 111111111c) lln11s ln flicit el
l'i11f~licit, (vc1s 1111 .Jn1(li11 <lesli11) :
n) n CCllX (ftli ,t,111111IC'11l lct1r colr1c;
1,) r1tti <nace11l IL'S t>fl"c11scs cles l1<1111111es - Y nI,,,, oi111e les llic11-
f 1,isn1,ts;
(') (Jll, O)'lllll C.'tlllllllS tlllf' ltlllllllcle ()11 s'(Olll )css CtlX-lllrltlCS,
i11vcl(Jt1e111 \'111,,,.,~ (\1 clc111n11cll'ltl 1,n1cl(1n 1>c>t1r lct11s pcl1s -
,,r, <Jll ,lc>tlc' 1):11clo11 ,c les 1~cl1l~S, si11on Ynl,,v ?
I) c111i ,1,,l11l 11<1i11l l>C't:-..isl- cli111s cc q11'ils l"t1111111i1e11r, n1>1s
11,oit 1c<;t1 Ji, ~<ic11te (c'rsl-n-tli1e n111s ovoir c,>111111 les 1v-
l,1tic11~ fnill'S :'1 1\l<lS<' s11r le 1\f<>rtl-Sir1a).
l .. 11 1<~('t1111>(\llSt' clc ct'tlx-t:, ~< 1:1 (l,111t ,l't1l,01cl) le 1,n1clt>11 clc le11r
1
S,ig11c111 <.I (c11s11iltl ,t<s .lr1r,lir1s scltrs lcs<fttcls co1rlcrc,r1t <les 11ris-
~rittl:"<, .lor(li11s ,.i, ils 1cslc1<>11t i111111<l1lcls. Co111l>ic1, l>ellc ~c1r1 ln
il1il>11ti,,1i <le t"<'11x ,,,,; <>r1l fnit I<' l>ic11 1 > (102) A111<>11I ,l1c>if n11
l':11;1(lis ('C-tl:< <1t1i fl\ll'()lll ('l'tl ('11 Ynl1,,r, Cil S011 A1>(">l1c, nllX (:1ai-
l!ll:111ls-l)i(1tl, 1'1 ('l'IIX :tlll.f>llf r:1I )'nlllllflllC
(Jlli (l():l). 'l"()tllC fi111e
,~,,,.,tl'ln 111,,,t : 111:,is 1111 .Jc,111 tll' 1:, lls,111crti,,11, ,,,,,,s 11c 1eccv1ez
1x,1tlc111c11t <11t' \'(>s 1t'l1il>11li,,11s (1()1). Ynt,,,, est j11slc.
( 1Il 1) \'c,i, ;111~~i ,1111. 1f. 2:1 : ,c,it sc,111. \'I, r,,, : (:l'll~ <ttli n111c,1,t cr11
rI 11:1lic111,, Ir~ ct11, r1'" 11ir~. N~ le~ ft1c1,,~ ('1,11r1 t'll ,11~ .l:11cli11s so11s
1,.,.,,,cls cc\11lt111I 1,s 1 ,,is~c.111~ ; l:1, it11111<11lcls. ('tl (l,111ili, ils n111011l ,le~
l')ll)lt~tc; ,,,,riricl'S, ct ll(\l1~ lt~ r('l'()llS (t1l1(1 ~t>IIS tlll(' 011,l,1, f)('IIS(' >, Voit
\l'l~i,,,, Il rl11 ,. I:!, .~c,111. I.XI : c I.e~ .l,l1cli11!'; .. (lnt1s l<'S<Jl1<'1s vo115 nt11cz
,f,~ ir,,,,1s<'~ r>111ifii<~ ,., ,,,, ,,>tl~ 1,-;l11rl i1r11,101tcl~ >.
(102) Sctt11. Ill, l:!7-1:\f) : ,cti1 r111s~i il,i,I., 1~6 ; ~,,,11. l1Xl, 12 : c (Si
, ,,,,~ fnilr~ ,ri,,) ,,,1,,,-~ ,011~ 1>:111lc,1,11r1: ,os 11(<.l,s ('t v,,,,~ rc,n e11t1c1 1l,11,s
,ft'i .f:1rcli11~ ~011s ltc;c111(I~ ,011l,1,1rtl ,le~ 111i~~<'a11x rt clnr,s cl~ clc111c11r<!~
:1~rt\:1)tl("~. tl:111~ ~c; .1itl cli11s ,l'l~clrn. ,:est 1:\ If' S111cr~ lr11lllCll~C > ; ,oir
:111c;"i l.,\'11. 11-12 : 21 : l:1:,11cc1.-,t,11~ ,rt~ 1111 11:11,1011 cl<' ,,1trc S<'i~11r111,
1,.,.,-.~) 11n J,11cli11 n,,s~i l:111:c c1<' Ir ricI cl l:1 1,,,,c, 111r11n1 110111 c-r,,x q11i
:111rc111l r1,1 r11 ,n1,,,i ct t11 S,,r1 A1,,l1r ! V(1 ilt\ ln fn,rt1r c1c Ynl,,,, I Il
l:t ,t,,1,,1c n ,111i JI ,t111. ,:,1,,, ~l t,, l>flr1,lct11 <le 1:, ll\'ttt1 1,,,,ncnsc ,.
l~cllt' 1lcrr1ir~ 1rll1xi,1r1 <'~l 1r11c' lcc cli111~ 1:, 111111c ~t>tlrolc l.,VII, 29 : Qt1c
1
11~ l>lr11lr11rs fi(- l'l~c1i111,t' ~:l<l1r11t c1,1'il~ ne Jlt'11,r11I 1i('11 ~,,,. ln Fnvr111 ,le
\':111,, <'I ,,1,c ln 1:-:1,<'11t c~t rrr l:1 111:1in ,le )'nl1,,: IJ ln cl<t1ncrn q11I Il
, 1,1l. ,~1,,, rsl ll't,11l,111 clc 111 1::,,,111 l111111cnse >.
(1(1:i) ,,,,,,. 17-t.
(ltll) ll>i,I. 182 : ,,ir 1,1,~~i l!l7 : c (~1,x q11f n11101lf ,fc11 (Inn~ lo
,r.1i11le c\c ,01,,, ,,,,rr,111 ,le.~ .l:11,ti11!'\ ~,,,,s l<'~((ttrl~ <'t>11lrrc1111 clrs ruisscr111x ;
il._,. r,stcronl 111,111111,,1". (tf'l,1 l,111) (l;l11I ntc,,1,l ,,,,1 ,,,11,v en J>nrtage.
c:,, c111l csl 0111,1s ctc Y:,l,,, csl tt11 l,i,1l 1,(,11r les 1>11rs ,

E(:IIEC OE

L APOLOGETIQUE ESCIIATOLOOIQUE MECQUOISE 290
Ce s<>11l to11j<ll11s les 111111es 11e1s1>ectives eschatologiqt1cs qt1i se

,l<'ssi11c11l ,lnns les nttltes s011rotes 111<linoiscs, et qui sont e11 nette
1gression - en ce qtti co11cc1ne la re1>rsentation imaginative de
l'Att-tlel ; - sur les sot1rntes <les Acles de l'lslant 111ecqt1ois :
Qt1ico11{111c ol,il Ynl1,v et Son Apt1e, Ynl1w le fera c11t1cr
e11 ,les Ja1(Ji11s sotts lesc111cls cot1lc1011t es rt1isseaux, o il reste1n,
i111111<>tlcl . C'est l le Sttccs l1n111ense > (105).
J11sq11' lu fin ,les Acte.~, le rnbl1in 11e varie1a ja1nais plus dons
ces <lesr1i1>lions clt1 l1 n1n(lis. Comrnc no11s le constatons, le Pa10-
<f is c~t c1lt1slil11 <le jnr<li11s tra,crss Jln1 <les ruisseot1x. Les fe1n
1
111cs 11 s,>111 J>lt1s 111enlio1111cs CJtte rn1c111cnt, et c1unnrl le ral>l>in
)'
r11 J>n1le e11core, c'est lot1jo11rs en termes pt1<lic111es. Pnrn1i les de1-
11i1<\s sc>11111les 111(li11oises, on n'c11 t1ot1ve a11ct11\e oi1 le 1nl>l>i11 11e
111l't1lio1111e le J>a1n<lis, tin flornclis clc fracl1eur: Leur Seigne11r
let11 n11no11cc g1ce et snlisfnction, n1nnant <le Lt1i, ainsi qtte <les
.Jn1<li11s <>it ils n111011t 1111 <llice perr11nnent ~t oit ils seront im1nor-
lcls, c'tl lc111il. Ynl,,,, <llienl une rlril,ulion i1nme11se > (106).
c: A11x <:10)',t11ls et nttx C1o)'n11les, Ynl1,v a llron1is <les Jardins sot1s
lcsr111cls co11lc1<lnl <les rt1issen11x, oit ils tle111e11reront immortels. li
lc111 n 1,101,1is cles <l<'tl1r.11res ng1nblcs c1ons les Jardins d,Eden. I . . n
sn l isf11(1 <>11 (le Yol1,, est J>ltts grande. C'est ln le Succs
IIJllllCllSC > (107).
Qr1rl<flt<'s ,,c1sels 1,lt1s 1,.i11, le 1nl>l,in rrpte encore : c Ynl1,v n

,,,.<~1,n1 1><1111 et1x <le~ .J111<li11s s011s lcs<Jttcls co11lcronl <les 111is-
~ct1l1x oi1, i111111cl1lels, ils <lcr11c111"c1011t. C'est l le Succs
l11,1,1r11sc > (l(lR). I . . cs 111111cs 1ilo11111ellc~ 1evic11nent sn11s cesse,
s1111s li, 111t)11cl1c vnrinlio11 : Ynl,,,, n Jlrtlnr JlOtlr ettx des .Jar-
cli11s c,1'1, i111111c,1lels, il:-1 (lcn1c111eront r11 te111it. C.'est l le S11cc~
l111111e11sc >(lO). c En prix, (le cc c111'ils &liront clit, qtte Yol1w les
( lft5) S. I\', 17 ; ,c,i1 i,,1s~i it,l,f., ~5 : c N<l11s vous rcrons cnl1cr (fions
cl<s .l:1tcli1~) ''''<'<' l1onnt111 > ; ibir/., 123 ; J.,XV, 11 : c Q,1iconq11c c-roil
tn ''nl1,, ri t1<to1111,lil 11v1c t>i<', Y,,1,,vl- le fr1n cnlrcr ,lnns <les Jnr,li11~
~o,,~ lr~c111cl!\ ro11lcro11t clcs 1,1i~sl'nt1,c ot't (li rcstcrn) i1111norlell en lcanil~.
/\ <rl11i-lil. \:,l,,vt', n llor111 lcllc 1trit,,1tio11 , ; voir o,,~si f..,V f, 22 ; XXII,
11, 55: XI.VIII, fi: c ... nfin <le rnl,e c1111l'r les Cro)'Rnt~ et les Cro1onlcs
cl,1ns <l<~ J,11,li,1~ ~011s le~<1t1cJ~ ('<>111cront (les 111is~rnux el o lis resteront
i1111,,,,,tcI~. JI ,lf,1crra 1,0111 c,,x leurs 1nn11v0Jses actions cl c-elo formern.
,,,1,,r~s ile Y,,1,,v~. ,111 S11rcs l111111r11sc > ; il>ld., 17 : c Q,1iconq11c ol,it
,,,1,,, cI i1 S<>11 AJll1c srrn i11t1,>rl11il c.Jnns tics Jortlins sous lcsq11els cot1lc-
1t,111 cfr~ 1,1i~~cnl1x > ; ~ot11. (.,XVI, 8.
(lftf.) S<lt1r. IX. 21-22.
(lf17) 11,i,i., 73. .
(ltlR) ll,i,I., 00.
(JOU) lbinr (le tl,l11 clc) .J111cli11s SClllS IC'sqttcls cot1lero11l des
111i"sen11x <>li, i111111,,1l<'ls, ils 1eslc.1011l. \'oil- ln 1co111pe1,sc > (110).
,. Ils 1111ro11l cles .Jn1,li11s S(>llS les111cls co,1le1011l (les rltissealtX, oit
l.sl<'1011l, i111111<>1lcls, Pli tcr11il. Ynl1,v les n ng1s et
.. , cl11t ng1 Yal1,,. c:e~t lit le Sl1ccrs l1nn1c11se > (111) .
.le s111>p<>sc q11c 111ts lcclct11s <>11l l>t'll l11 les li,:t11es (Jlt prc-
-i<~11I, cl je st11>1>ose n,1ssi <Jt1'ils 111c 1c1>1ocl1cnt, n j,1slc lilte, cl't1c
ss1111t. J'n111nis 1>11 cli1c c11 (Jt1clq11<'s 1>nges cc (J11c je rncc>nle en
n,,, t1>~lnnl snns <~esse. C.C'~ lecle111s 011l 111illc fois rniso11. f\1ois
i( l<'tlr clc111011tlc ,lt! l,l'II 1illtl1i1 st11 111es inlc11lio11s : j<~ 11e tie11s
~11ll<'111enl fRi1c 1111 l>('Olt liv1~. 1,11 li,rc l>ic11 co1111l<>s. Cc q11e j'ni
1
:<t1l11 cla11s celle Sc>111111c C(lt'R1tit1t1e, c l'Sl ,lon11c,.. 1111c icl~c fll)t,10-
:\t11tlli,e titi C (:c>1n11 >, t>ltlS eXtlt"IPlll<'ll( (]li pSCll(lc>-(:01t\ll ell l'AS-
~C'lll)))llllf, s11r ,111 st1jrt (lt,1111~, 1111e 11111ltilt1(le tl<' textes. <:c 1,'cst Jlns
illil IJll StlS ltlSSlltll, llltlS le llCllS() ... (:01n11. Cc,tlc )JCS(lg11c-ln n l
l
1c,111 111,,i 1>)11s fnslitl('ttsc ,,11co1c <111c 1>ot1r celt1i fltli lit cet 011vrngc .
0
.l't 'J)l'llllVC ltltlj<Jlll'S llllC lll't)f(>ll(lt! lltl111i1alio11 t>Ot11 CCtlX qtli se

- ,,:i111~1,t clC'v1,11l )es c l1('0,1ll'S tltt c (:or,,11 > ; c,,, l>ic11, e11 g111l1l
I"' 11'e11 ()Ill llir,11 (f lit~ ,111elc1,1cs l,1il><'S soi~11c11s<111e11t l1ies, q11el-
~ 1,,,s c n1,l1ce1111x (l1c,i~is > : c111 l,i ... ,, ils 011l ln 1>a,111<>s<>n <'Xlt111e-
1, 1,11I fnlilc; <>li l>ic11 il~ 11',1111 jn111r,is 111 ln llil>I~. flrcnez V<>tts-1111ne
, ,,s,t1l(>-C:,1r1111 ; 1,ifl.C'7. les cl<1ttl>lels, et <l1{'sse~ le l,iln11 ; vo11s VC"t-
1('Z l'(' ,,,,'il r-11 1eslc : r,11l ll('II cil~ cl1oses. N<>ll, (111 Ile J>Clll vrni-
.~ ,,,t 1>ns cliat' (ltlt' l't,11,1nge, i11lit11l pn1 notts ,tclrs ,IP l'J.c./n1n, 011
t '"111<1,,-<:<>rnn, sc,il ,,,, <l1cf-<l'r11v1e I c111e J>nrcil liv1c ne 1>rt1l ~t,e
11t' tli,i11. Ne 111,11s 1<,,,,1,,1,s 1>,1i11l 1i1lilt1lcs ,,,,,. tle lcls jt1~e111cnls. ll
.1111 ,1t1i111c11I n,c1i1 1111c i11111gi11nli,,11 clP,c,rgo11(l~<~, 1>>111 j11ger <le
,,lie' fnC)ll llll Ji,1~ SIIIJS ittlt~llll 1c)icF, Cl ll n'npJ>()t'(C' flll(~lllle 11011-
, ,:,,,t 1cligict1st', 111i <'11,,,r,111lc 1,,,,1 il l'A. 1"., et qt1i 11>te sons
,s"(', (l',111c f nt_'(lll i11t,,,.,,,i11a1l,lr-, le~ 111r111es 1itc,l1111elles. Non seu-
1
;1111t11t l"C 1>~t'll(lc1-(~<>12,11 11 11 1i<'11 cle (livi11 1nnis, nvotl(ltts-le f1n11-
1
1l1,111,,11l, C'tl lttl<' si11,;1itc~, (' <'sl 111\ ,111v1ngc 111li(1c1c <IRns ~on
! ,,111('1111 1111ln11I (I''<' ,l1111s s,, c,,1111,11sili(>11. Q11n11(I Cllt n l,1, rcl11. )c
t'il'llcl1,-C:c,1n11, el c111',,11 011,,c CIISlllc R nc)IIV(!Ull l'A. 'I"., Oil c~l snisi
J= l'a11111llC'111 i111111('1t~c ,I<' tc ,lc111icr l .. iv,e, le l .. iv1c 1111iq11c cl
,i1it,,l,le clcs n,<~lnli,>ns cli,i11cs I J>,,ns te l. . ivre sc11I, 011 est snisi
,:11 l'i111111c11sil~ 1li,1 i11<'. l1 <11clt111t C'11,i1c,11 29.000 vc'1sels, les Rl1lct1rs
:,,.,. ,;s, rt'1i,n1,l sll,,1, 1<111 1,1,,clc lilt,~111i1,, 1>nrlic11lir1 cl lcttrs gotils
,.,,."',,1111cls, - lC'11r <-'~1,1il g,,i,I~ 1>111 le So11ve1cii11 ~1nit1c <le lo11les
,1,,,~t's - , 11011s 1:1<c,11l11I 1't,~isl('ltl'<' cli,in<'. ln vi~ i11li111e <lt1 Cra-
,,.,,,, sC's l'<>ll(>C(ttC's 1111i ,,111 ,i,l<'t11 (l'i,1c111it(\ nvcc l\l<>sc, st1r cc l\1<,111
( 110) S,,,1r. \', ~R : ,,,i, ,11,~si il,i,I., 7().7fi.

( 111 ) lb i ,I., 110.
1
CIIEC Ill~ L Al>OLOGtrl'IQtJF. ES<:IIATOLOGIOUE MECQUOISB 30 l
Si11ni f{U'o11 11e pc11l ot1bJie1, qltond <,n a le bonhettr d'en avoir fnit
l'osce11sio11 c11 gttise <le co111111enlnirl' de l'Exo<le. En 29.000 ve1'Sels
les <liJl'1ents n11lett1s 11011s l1oce11l (l'111ot1vonts tableaux de l'l1is-
l<,i1e (l'ls11,l. 1,ottl est 11ot1veat1, to11t est s1>aciet1x, itnmense, tians
ces vnslcs f1es<1tt<~s de l'l1isloirc ,1,1 Pe11ple Elu de Dieu. Qt1c les
1ttclils ott les litlrntet11s <ttii s'exlasie11t sttr le pseudo-Coron dni-
gnc11t <l011c jeter ttn regntscs <te l'Isln111. C'csl exnct ; 111nis reconnaissons qtte les
''lll>1ci11lif>t1s <litl1y1nr11l>ic1t1es P<>rlcs nt1t,,111oli<Jt1emcnt sur tout
l~e <111i c<,11tc111e l'lsln111 et le Corab co11lie1111cnl ample mali1'e
i1onie. N<>t1s 11'nirno11s 11i le l>l11ff1 11i le s11ol,is1ne, ni les dcoupages
c~n ( 11 rI c>n t,> 1<lri p 0111 01110tc111s cl' cxol is111c 1>1fn briqu I Plno ns-
11,,11s s111" Je le1rnin, fnce ln 1nlit. De c111oi s'agit-il ? U11 rnl,l>in
<le l.,11 J\let<111e s'est 111is en tte <le conve1ti1 les Arabes la reli-
gi<>n cl'ls1nl. Apts (le 11111lti1>les ll111arcl1es sans succs, il a com-
1,1is c111<~ Il~ settl tnoycn tic cor1ve1tir ces l101111nes inct1lles tait <le
t1n<lt1i1e e11 le11r longue les Livres Saints tles Jt1ifs. Ce fut <le su
1>n1t t111e nt1<lnce 1nag11ifi<111e : l'A. T. tuil dj, depuis bienlt 1()
si'clc.s, l1tt<l11it e11 grec ; tlCJ)t1is <lct1x sicles, s. Jrme e11 ovoit
,li1ig 1111c l1'tt<lt1ctio11 lttline ; 011 11'avnit J>as encore <le traductio11
111t1lc. J.. '<~1,11c1>1ise cltt 1nbJ,i11 nllait co111blcr t111 vide importa11l:
l'llltc1>1isc (li1cl~lc111c11t 1c,tigict1se, certes, 111ais gnle1nenl scie11tifl-
111c 1>11is<Jttl 111 lnng11c otnue n'avait 110s encore ses contot1rs al,so-
lt1111e11l ,lfi11is ott 11e les nvait 1>ns <lt1 111oil1s fixs dans ttne granclc
1
l~11,,1c lill111i1c ..J'cs1>1c (f 11e <l<'S snvnnls 1>lt1s linguistes que 111oi,
(le vtilnl>lcs pl1ilol(>g11es > c,1ga1iise1onl tin jo11r <le vosles recher..
cl1cs s111 lcs 01igi11es l1l,1o co-sy1iuco-01ome11nes cle la lnng11e ,tes
,\,!lt~ ... (/e l'l.~/0111. En co11sicl1011l ce l1nvnil <ltt rabbin de La l\lec-
<111c, 11<,tts 1><>11vo11s 1>e11se1 q11e l'ent1e1>1ise f11t avnnt lotit a1lostoli-
c1t1e, et (Ille lc:s li111iles scie11tificrt1cs en fur"ent traces par le b11t n
11llci11,11<'. I .. <~ 1nl)l>in. p,,t11 nss111c1 s011 l>ul essentiel, n'nvoit vJ-
,l<'1l1111<.'11l 1r1s l>rsoi11 <le l1n,l11ire les 20.()00 versets de l'A. T.
l .. 'l1isloi1c cl'ls1nl 11c t>(lttvnil i11lt"csse1 en rien les Arabes <le 1.. n
l\l('Cffllt' >tl cJ,, l\ltl i11t' ; 11i l<'s 1>101>l1lies 1nessinni<Jl1e~, qtti ne con-
cc111oic11l c111e le Pe111,le 1~111 selo11 les 1>e1speclives du judosme :
11i ll's l(1is s1,c1iflciellcs et 1'01<ltl1111ance dtt cttlte avec le Temple
cle .J111sr1lc1,1 <0111111c re11t1e, f>t1isq11e, (le1>uis bientt six cents Ans,
le 'J'c1111,le t~lnil (ll111il et Is,nl <lis1>e1s. Nous 11e possdons pl11s
Je Cc,1n11 111nl><', 111nis 11011s 1>ot1vo11s, sn11s c1ninle d'erret11, afflr111e1
(ftte, flt11111i Il'~ tt\cits ()e l'A. T., le 1nbbin fit 11n cl1oix qt1e no11s po11-
\'011s ftlt'ilc111c11l 1lllbli1 11nr lt'S Actr ., de l'lslan1. L11i-1nme dclot~
(Jt1'il ,1 f11il 1111 <;11,lix, qt1'il 11'0 llRs 10111 cit <le celte c Ecrilt1re ex1,Ji-
<ite > 111i c,111tie11t le~ Rvli,lions cfe Yol1w. Dans ln sot1rote IV,
vt. l(il, le 11tl>l>i11 ex1>lic111e s011 lve MoJ1am1ned q11'il lui a lrans-
1.'1s1.A~f AnAOE 1-~N P.tAnC.IIE - I.A GUERRE
111is cc <Jtti n tlf ji1 ,',1 tl,,,il n Nc>t', n11x Pro1>l1tcs ventis aprs No~
i, Al,1nl1n111, 1s111,,,~1, lsnnc, .ln(ol,, 1,t1x (l(1t1ze t1il,11s, etc. Pt1is il
:, i ,,,1 tc, v 1. 1t,2 : c l:t (11011R n ,,c111s c11voy) (les A 1>l1es dont Nous
l':,v,111s f11il 1(il :1111i,1ic111c111r11I, ,,t clcs A1ll1cs tlonl NousNE
1,\,t>NS PAS FA11 1,1::,:1 r ... > Il est l,ic11 ,i<le11I (Jtlc ce Qlti importail
<'ssc11liellc111t'11t, 1,>111 le 1,,l>l,i11, t~'tnil cl'l11l,li1 l'existence:. d'uq
l>ic11 U11iq11c, <le r11<(>11le1 l<'s 1111,tlit>l<'s n1nnifcslnlio11s c.Je SaTo~le?
J>11issnnce cl <le S1, l\lis~1ico1,lc, <le <licte1 nt1x A1nl,cs tin mode.:,de
,it ((tle Ynl1,v n,nil <l~j c1,sci~11 n l\1ose J>Ottr 1t1snge<~d~
l l~l,1t11x. Cc 111<1clC' ,le ,,j<' ,,,~cl1 n11x A1nl>es cc111sislnil esscntiell~
111l11I <ln11s ln c1,>,t111,c.' i, \'nl,,v, l'<>l>i'issn11cc n s('s c,,111111nn<le1nents,
ct ti11nlc111c11l (1t111s l',,l,issn11ce it 1'l,,l1n111111e<1 cl1n1g J>Ar le rnbbi11
,1c11scig11c1 le j11(l:,is11,~ i, ses C<>1111>:1l1i(>lcs. Cl,nc(ll(! 110111111c est re&-
1r,11si1l>lc clc ses 11,lcs ; ,l1n,1t1e l1c1111111P 111<>1111t,, <'l sn vie ter11ellE
11c s,,,n (Jtte le 1>1<,lc,11gl'l11c11I ile ~n vi~ tc11cs(1c : l'l1,,111n1c (Jtli 11'nt1rs
,,,,s vo11l11 <>l>t'i1 i, ,n1,,, et n So11 A1,(,l1c sc1n c<>11,l1111111 ltttx fln111
rtt<'~ cle ln (;~J,r1111e: c111n11t it l'l1<111111e q11i nt11n 1>rt1li<tt1 IE
j11cl11is111e, il 1ccC'v111 cl:111s l<' Pnrn,lis sot\ ternelle rco11111c11se.
(~'tst ce l<>l fi(' ,t~1-ill'~ cssc11liC'll<'s <Jtli co11slil11c l'c11seig11c111enl
1111 11tl,t,i11. 1\11,is il 11', 11 l 1ie11 cle 11,>11,cnt1 ; CC'l"IC'~, n<>ll I lef

.\,t,., ,le l'ls/0111 Il<' l,1illl'11l J>C)11l 1>n1 ln t1ottven11li', il st1fll cl'1tt'.
1<11 cl, 1flcxi,111 J(>III" le ,,11,11>1C'11<l1c. 1"c,11lt" 11,,11vcn11t ,log-
111:1ti,111e nt1r1,il 1,c11I' r1llei11l( 1
,,,, l>ttl 1ecl1c1cl1 1>n1 le 1ul>l>in
clsl-n-cli1c i, t,, t,,11,<'1si<>11 cll'S A1nl>es nt1 1>11r j11<lns111e. I.. e rnb
1
l,i11 11 llVllI 1t'll tl~ ll<'tlf R ll\'Clllt'I: il n'nvt,il (ftt'n (1nns111cll1(

9
:ltl~ A11,l>t'S Il' 111t"ss,,gc 1111lsnc111c.

1
S'il 11 n 1i<'11 clc 11c11f cln11s les 1\cle.~ ,le l'J.lam, 011 11e pe11
)'
111~ cli1e 11011 1>l11s <111(' ln l<'cl111t' <'Il soit 1>n1tic11li1e111cnt nll1nyn11le
,\,11111

n flisc11l<'1 sr,11s cC'ssc ovr<.- l('S Arn1,~s i11n<'<'Clltl11111s Rtll
t~r,111<1<'~ ,1il~ 1rligie11ses fltt 111(>11IC' j11if, le 1il>l,i11 1ess,1ssc loti,
j(,,11~ lrs 111r111<'~ ll1i111rs. <}.ttc l'c>11 1t'lise les tcxl<"s <(ttc fl()lts avon:
1('J>l'<>cl11its 011 s11jrl fie l'l~11f,.. ,. et <111 lln1nflis I C<'llc lccl,,re est sOJlO
1ific111r ; il csl l,i,,11 li(ililt' tl') l1,,t1v('1 le 111oi11,l1e i11l1t 11e11otif
N,111s s(l111111<'S ,li111~ l'i1111<1ssil>ililr, 111111c e11 )' 111ell11nt la 1neil
l1 t11C' ,1,l<,rtll', cl<' 11111s exl11sil 1 <ll",,a,11l Cl~ liv1c clcs Aclr.s cle l'lslan
1 1
c111c Ir~ 11111st1l111n11i"'s -- i,::t11nrt'S cl<' lct1r 1eligio11 - i(lenlifient ave1

le <:,,,ni. l~nt,, n l"i111111c11siltt clc l',\.1~., <I<- l'<'~l>('-1i<'11ce, ,le ln po
!'-li<, l'i <I<'~ 1,c,s1>~tli,<'s tl'n,<'1ti1 ,111i se cl<~gn~f'11I clt1 Pc11latc11q11e
clc~ 1.i,,res J lislc,1ir111c~. clr~ J.iv1cs l.,c,licttics, (\f c1c's P101>l1lcs, le:
,\,lt., tlt' f,1111 ,ani111(11t <111e 1>iil1c fig11re I Il fn11t nvoir ttne ima
1
!!11nlio11 r,11g111n11I<' 1>1lt11 llntllis<'t cl1ef-,l ('Ct1v1e ce liv,c tin pe1
lll<lll Cl 11rr<'ssni1C'tllClll ~nllS (ll'gi11nli(r. Je CClllSC1)c 0\1X lllllSlll
111011~ -:,,,l11ts, s'il ~r-n l1c>11,c cl'1,ssc7. lil,1es, cle f11i1c ttne (lilio1
1<'~ ,1rlr$ <'Il s1111111i111n11t l(llll's lr~ r<'1lrlitio11s, lc>tts les <lottl>lel!
l ls ,c1r(lll l f t> Ile I l'C l lt11 f n Il IClt X Ji\' 1e r,l. Q li 'ils 111el lent etlSU l1

h .
~CIIEC uB L APOI .. OOl~'flQU~ ESC.llATOLOGIQUE MECQUOISE 303
c11 1>n1nJllc le rsi<lt1 <le cc liv1"e nvec l'A.T. Ils snisi1ont alors st11
le vif ln l>u11alit (le Je,11 111c1vcillct1x ot1vrage 1
J)e1>t1is (\es sil1es, l'()1icr1l stcsl 111,,11lt1 (le cet ot1v1nge jt1if
1,0111 e11 i1111,ose1 n l'Occitle11l, et celt1i-ci se lrot1vc 1>ct1 il 1>ct1
<'11l1ni11 vc1s 1111e 11<l111i1nlo11 bnie, i11co11l1{>le, 1>0111" l'lsla111 et
Je c Co1n11 >. P111 111011 t1n,,ail, <ftli est u11 cffo1t de tlgngen1e11I,
j'nt11ois vo11ltt fot1111ir attx Occi<1c11ln11x - u11e fois dl1nrrnsss <lt1
s11ol>is111c (flti, pot11" IJc>nt1co111>, ticr1l Jiet1 <le scie11ce - ttn t1em1>li11
110111 se s011leve1 u11-<lesst1s <le cet n111011cle111ent 'iner>tics cJ1nf-
fnt1<l 1>n1 les lt1<les isln111<ft1es occitlentnles et orienlales. Je n'c11
ni <l<11111 q11c clcs cxc1111>lcs so111111e lottlc assez l,11i11s, en co1111,n-
1,1iso11 <le ce qt1e j'ni J>nss sot1s silence. Je st11>1>ose ce1>e11ci11nt q,,c
<'es ()Xe1111>les e111<>11t s11fTi 11ot1r 111ontrcr oi1 c11 tait l'es1>rit Cl'iti ..
'I 11c cl,111s les scie11ces islnn1iqt1cs co11lc1npornines.
l)1iv <le toute 11011ven11t (lc>g111l1liqt1e, con1pos pnr 11n .Tttif c11
tlcl1cl1s clc lotit sot1ci litt1ni1e, fnsli<lieux pn1 ses i1111>111l,1nl>lcs
11>lili(>11s, le Liv1e <les 11cles cle l'Islam ot1ssi l>ien qt1e le Corc1l,.
111ni11le11n11l percl11, 011t p<>ttrlnnt un i111mense 1nrile ; ils reprsc11-
lc11I le 1>lt1s grn11n11sio11 jt1ive <lnns le 1non<le a1nl)e, rt
11(>11s nl>(>t1lisso11!-I C'11 fi11 ,le co1111lle o. celle conclt1sio11 : les Aral1cs,
,111 1>cli11t <le vt1e 1cligiet1x, sont i11111il(>ynl,le111c11t lltiso11nic1s <les
.J11ifs. Ils (>11l. llci,11 se clc',l1:1t t1c, 11ot1sscr <les ctis oigtts, jot1er les fn11-
f:11,,11s, ils 11c so11t 11111s11l111n11iss fJtte pnt le11r n<ll1sion 1111
j11cl:1s111c. (:'es( c:ril r11 lc>t1lcs lclt1cs ,Jnns Jcttr pset1clo-Co1n11.
J,'Isl:1111 csl Jl1,>1)1c111e11l e l csse11li<'lle1ne11t ln 1eligio11 (les J11ifs 1
lcllc c11rc l:1 lc,11 n 1>1ll1c~c t111 1nl>l>i11 cita ''II sicle . J. . es A1nl>rs,
11011 g1<~, 11c 1,e11ve11l se s011sl1i1i1e celle co11cl11sion cffroynb]e f(ll
se <lt~gngc s:111s e111l>ig11il <le totales 110s nnnlyses.
l)c cet te conclt1sio11, je s11is nl.>solt11nent convainct1. No11 11oi11l
i11111gi11l1live111cnt, ni se11ti111e11lalc111cnl convninctt. Ni Jlot1r qt1elc111e
1
11,(llif t1n11ger l lt1<le i111parlin1e <les textes, co1111ne le vott-
J1:1ir11l ( ~1l11i11s co11l1n<licll~t11s qt1i, 11'nynnl rie11 t1ot1v <ie stie11x
11
n 111'(11,1lsc1, '''\fici11e11l st1 1 111cs i11l~11tio11s fftttils s'i111ngine11t co1l-

11:1il1c. 1\l<,11 osst11011ce 1e1><>se s111 l'n11nlysc ol>jeclive et se1eine <l<'S
l<'Xlt's. s111 ll't11 l011gt1c 111cl ilr1lion. Il)' e11l 1111 1>1obl1ne 11011r n1oi.
(:c, 11<' f11I rc,les Jl11s c111r]qt1e <l011le i11lellcclt1el relotir 111es c,,11-
rl11sio11~. (:e ft1l 1111ic111e111c11l 1111 Jl10l,l1ne cle conscience : fnllnit-il
li,1r1 n,, 11111,lic ers 1)ngcs. ,,itnl>le 1vol11lion e11 111otire <1'11is-
l(l1C' 1elil-!iC't1se ? Q11tl(1t1cs 1111s At11nie11l 111rf1 le silc11ce, 1>n1cc
(ltt'(>ll ,,,et ll'S 11111st1l111n11s <le 111n11vnise l111111et1r Jo1sc1t1'011 clot1te <le
ln vr,ilt~ clt' let11 1eligio11, <'I ,, 11'il 11'r~I t>ns O(ll>orl11n <l'exciter lc,11
11r1,,cJsilt' 11t1 1110111c11l c1i1 ils s011t clj si ncl1a111s co11t1e l'Occi-
<1e111.
ll1111s 1111 t1n,nil ,le Jlt11c 11'(l1c1cl1e l1islo1ic1t1e, je n'ni pns fer1i1
tc,1111,lc cles 11c~1fs. tl1! l'l111111c11r cles gc11s, 11i tics conti11gc11ccs J><,li-
:11) 1 L ISI.A~I AltADE EN )IAJl(:IIB - LA GUEnne
li11t1Ps. ()11 pe11t se 1e11(l1r ro11111le nis111e11l qu'ino11portun at1jour-:

,11,1,i, 1111 lei t,nvnil Sl'rait <'llC'()1e i1101,1>01 tt111 den1ain, dons 11n an,
1l1111s litt sicle. l~l 1>e11tl:111t C<' tc1111,s 1 l'crre11r occo1nplit des reva ..
t..:~. 14n ,t',1it csl ll1ttjt>111s (>1>1101lt111e. lleprocl1e1a-t-on au Cl1ris1
1,."11s <l',1voi1 t i11<,1>1,01lt111 ? Il est 11ossil1le <(tte ce1tui11s npolo-
~:i"lt . ~ le pc11~r11l. 'l"cl 11est 1>ns 111011 nvis.
{)11 ol>jccte ett('(lt't' : v,>s 011vrn~cs <l~n1olissc11l v1ilnble1ncnt.
11-~1,,111. Q11 nlle1.-,c111s clf)I\C 111ett1e n sn place?
1
.
.le 11e 111ell1ni 1i<'11 i, ln J>locc. l\lc111 lrnvnil n'est }lllS <le reCa-
,,,1,11c1 10111<' n11,lic, 11i l':"1111(' ,Jcs 11111st1l111n1,iss. l\1nis je pttis rtlon-
,1,t', 1>ntlC c1t1e j'<'Jl s11is st\1, (111',,11 11,,1,vf' cl1cz les <l11tien~ <l,osscz
!!1:111,ls n11l1,s (111i 1,,,1111,,111 se rl1111gct cle celle 11,lt1velle co11s-
l 111ctio11, ,le l>nti,. ,<lie- fc)',, s111 clts 11,,ses soliclcs cl s1ie11se1ne11J
cl,rinics.
EPILOGUE
DU P~RE GABRIEL T---i RY

A
HANNA ZAICARIAS
ET
RETOUlt A L'OllIGINAL
20
.
UN RELIGIEUX f)OMINICAIN
Le 1i101nent est ventt <le lever dfinitivement le voile qui recou-
v,e 1,e11 <llt pro11 l'i<lentit ,l'llnn11n .Znlcarias. Par1ni les lecteu1s
,le ses <l!ttv1es, beot1co111> le co1111nissaien t de longue date. De ce
fnit, le no111 d11 Pte 1'J11y com1ne11nit st1pplante1 son pseudo-
ll}'lt1c. J4''itlcnlit e l'aulet1r de c De Mose Mol1ammed , lnit en
1,nss<! <le <leve11i1 u11 sectcl cle policl1inelle, lot'SCJtle ln revue 1omnine
clcs l)c>111i11icoins. Angelic11n1, ca1ln officiellen1enl tot1le raison de
un1cll't' J>ltt!i longlc1111>s le silence, e11 Jlttblinnt elle-mme le 110111
clt1 Il. 'l"l11y, O.[>., et en 1s111nant trs l.>1ive111e11t, mnis nvec exnc-
lit11le, le t1t po111s11ivi 1>n1 l'at1let11 <la11s ses det1x llte1niers vol11-
111cs. (1.-nsc. 3-4, 111111e lU(i()).
N le 12 jt1i11 18!)1 Nt1rlt1 dn11s Jn S0111111e, p1ofs Oll Sat1lcl1oi1
,I{' J{oi11 le t" octobre 1911, 01clo11n 1>1l1e n 'l'ot1111ai le.15 nt>f1t
IUI(;, le f>. (ial,1icl 'l'J11y fttl
Doclct11 e11 l l1cllogic
- professct1r nu Snt1lclioi1
- J>rofesset1r l'Inslilttl Call1oliqt1e de Poris
fondnlettr et S t11>1iet1r (le l'l11stilt1l llislo1ique Sai11te
SRbi11e, O. nome, '
Co11st1ltc111 ln Scclion l1islo1iq11e de la Sac1e Co11-
gt~ga lio11 cles Rites,
-www- r.,fen1ll1e <l'llo1111eur fie l'Acn<lrnie Pontificnle <le S.
rl'l10111os cl clc ln )l('ligio11 Cntl1olic1t1c,
Cl1evnlie1 <le ln Lgio11 cl'I-l011ncu1
- 'J'it11lni1c <le ln Ct<>ix cJe guer1e
- l\1dnill de 1-n Rsistance
Mllnille of F1eeclo1n U.S.A.
Officier <le la Lgion tl'Ilonnet11 Polonaise
- l\le111u1e (l'Ilonnettr c.le l'Americon Legio11
Officie1 es J>nJ1nes AcudmicJtJcs.
A1l1s celle ll1scnlalioI1, Qlt'il n111oit pe11l-t1e qualifie <le

c 1ev11c cle <llail > nvcc cc s011ri1e d'enfn11t terrible qt1i 01>1>n1ail
tc,11j>111s, ici ott l do11s ses lrava11x, on pe11t se demnn<le1 11ot1r-
r111ui le P. Tl11y est tleve11t1 llnnna Znlca1ias. Il s'en est cx1>liqt1
Jt1i-1,1111e <lnns l'lsla,n cl la criliq11e J,i.-.loriq11e, Jl. 3U : c Je ferni
n11ssi 1<'11111rqt1e1 n cc jct111c 1eligic11x qt1c si j'ni pris lgnle1ncnl t111
11set1lc>11y111e, enl11111l ni11si dons u11e so1le Je lo11<.lcsli11il (t111c

l>U I'. (i.\UI\Jl::I~ rtll::1\Y A IIANNA ZAKARIAS
fis ,le 1,lt1s), il nt11nil tlii c11 co11t1>1e11tl1e les reiso11s : je ne sttis
1i1s scttl nt1 11,011tlc .Je rnis tln1tie <l'1111e race, tl'11ne 11ation, 1>lt1~
~1)cinlc111e11l (l',111 g10111,c, el on ottl>lie l>ie11 souve11l <}ttc le g1011pe
11'cst 1,as 1es1lo11s.1l,le (le l'oction tle tel Ott lei tle ses n1e111b1es :
,l c'est perce <Jttc j',,i ,ot1l,1 sn11ver le grott(>e, q11e j'ai rcno11c
lllll }lCl"SOlllltlli\ >.
1~11 (l'nt1\1t's \c1111cs, le l>. '1"11,~t.)', sncl,011l (JUC se~ co11cl11sio11s
1~, (>lt1lio1111ni1cs cl ltt f11(,11 <lo11t elles lnie11l 1>1sc11les risqttaient
1
,t'attirer ln 111alvcilln11cc ,les 11111st1l111nns sttr ses co11fr1es l1avail-

ln11l en le11e <l'lsln111, ,, V(lltlt1 se 111cllre seul c11 cat1se. Con1111e 111e
l'onl fnil ren1n1c1t1cr CC'1lt1i11s lcclc111s 1ni11e11ts, n111is et 1>arfois
:111cic11s colln1>111lc111s <lt1 1>. 11,1), cet nno1,y111nt a (lcsservi son
tt11v1c. l)t1l1lic S(lt1s lt' v1i,i 110111 clc son nulettr, elle ef\l jo11i <l'11n
,1,c11cil l.>cn11cc)t11, 1,l,1s fa1,(,1nl,lc cl 1etc1111 011ssill l'ntlc11lion l1ien
;111-tlcl (le 110s ftt,11l<'tcs. [)e 1>l11s, cc1'loi11s clc ses n,lvc1sni1es
11'11t11nic1,t 1111, ft,i~11;111l cl'lg1101<'1 l'i<lc11li l <l'II. Zn1tn1ins, t1liliser
(c,11t1c lt1i 1,, ct1lc,11111t'. --- c Z:1lt:11it1s i11cl,111111 >, c,it l'i. <le Nn11les
cl,111s l'01,/rc1,,,.,r,1~,ris, 11 !'lfl, lt)(il, c 1>ut1vnit lte cl1><'11t <le l,011-
tl,c i, (>1cilte C(ll11111c t111 l)lt1ITc11t cl 11n ig1101unl ; le 1111,1is (le
1:1t1lct11 1rjuilliss;1il ,i<lc111111c11l st11 s<>ll 11v1c. 1\11,is le Rv1c11(l
(>i,1c 'J111) est 111>tl le 27 j1,11vic1 1!l5U c11 1cilo11l so11 cl1n1lclcl. 11
:1,11il (18 n11s, c't'la,il 1111 g1n11,t si1,n11l c11111111c te1111ls qt1't111 n<ltni-
1,,l,lc l'l'ligict1x (l,,111i11i<:tli11 1111 i,1t11 n1tlc11t et it l'i11lcllige11ce lt1111i-
1tl'l1sc, 1>101n1llc, 11,,,nlticc. JI sttfit ,le lire l'orlicle ncrologiqt1e
tte ~1. Etic1111c (;ilsc,11 lt1i n co,1sa,c1 <lnns ces A1cl1ives <1,llistoire
ll,,ct1i11nlc et J.. ilt,~111i1<~ cl,, l\l<l)'C11-Agc tlo11t il ft1t l'i11itialet11 et le
rt,11<lt1lc11r, t><>t11 n1,1,1c11l1c l'<;111litic111 el ln s1ct <le ce g1n11<l
cs1,1it. U11 lt<>t11111c tlt>t1I 111 l>il>lic,g1:11>l1ie, 1,11blie n11 n10111cnt 111111e
,,ia il se co11snc111il it l't11cle (ltt t:t>1n11, 11e con11lre11(l 11ns 111oins (le
!J:i 1>ngcs, 11'est 11i 1111 l>l11ffc111 Ili 1111 sol. J... e spcinlisle cles 1>lt1s <lif:.
li,ile5 J>10l>l<.111cs lill1t1i1cs cl l1isloriqt1es <lt1 l\1l>ye11-Age a <l'e111-
ll~c llllC Rtllt>til ~t1llSOllll~ (l(lllt ((lie l'ttVl'C f\ Jit<Jltel)e i) a COtl-
s;1c1 les vi11gt clc111i1cs n1111cs ,le sn vie soit consitl1e avec res-
tccl cl nlte11li<>11 1>i,1 ses n1lvc1s11i1es eux-m111es >.
l)'n111s cc (lte 11<1t1s ollo11s <li1e, 011 co1n111c11ll1n c11co1e 111ie11x
les r11iso11s clc ce 1>sctt(l<>n)'t11c. 011 co11111ren<lrt1 11ussi s111 ((ttelle
i~11or1,11ce tc,lnle tles faits est f<>tltle l'ncc11snlio11 (l'l1oslilit
l'l;g,11<l <les 111t1s11l111n11s, )loatc cc>11l1e le P. 1'111y pn1 <les gt:11s q11i
11'011t pos l1s I,icn co1n1>ris l'ol>.ict d11 <lbnt. Po11r l>ic11 snisir ln
,nleur <le l'nt1lct11 cl le sclie11x ,te ses t1 l li111es t1nvn11x, il s111it tle
to11si(lrer b1i,c111c1t, 111ois sn11s l16.lc, le cottrs <le sn vie lobo-
,,ic11sc. Not1e l>t1l 11'csl }l11s l1lt1l ,le foi1e co1111nit1c ln 1>c1sc,1111nlil
,,1igi1111lc et nll11Ll1t111tc (ltt Jl. 'J11ry, <1t1e le savnnl, le c11c1cl1eu1
i11fntigul>lc, tl,,111 (l',,t1l1cs st,vn11ls cl cl1crcl1e\1111 011l a<l111ir les tra-
\' UllX.
IIT llE"fOU n A 1.'0l\lOINAI. soo
UN ~1OIVISTE DE POINTE
L. Lecl111c, pcrso11nalit on1ie dtt P. Tl1ry, a publi 01on,

en 1910, )a settle hil>liog101>l1ie qtte not1s possdions ; forcment
inc(>J111>let, ce cntalogt1e des uvres dt1 P. Tl1ry et de l'accueil qtti
le111 n l fnit constitt1e tin mng11ifiqt1e palmars, sttrlot1l si l'on
s<lnge c111e l'n1i11cnl Religiet1x n'avait cette poqt1e qt1e 49 ans.
)>0111 celle priode qt1i s'te11cl <le 1018 1910, et penrlanl lnq11elle
Je P. 'J'liry fttl st1ccessiveme11t p1ofessc11r a11 Saulchoir, puis
l'Inslilttl Catl1oliq11e de Paris el Direclettr de l'Institut Hi~toriqt1e
S11inlc Snbi11e non1e, nous fe1ons de trs larges emprunts L.
l~ecJ111~.
lls ln fi11 <le ln pren1ire g11erre mon<linle, le P. Tl1ry s'tait
ln11c~ (11,11s l'lt1de <lt1.cot11anl noplntonicien 111divnl, el en pnr-
lic11licr clt1 co111n11l c1ior1ysie11. C,lnil encore tin <lomoine inexplor.
c:cl11i c111i s')' nvenl111Ril ne 1'is,111nil g11rc ll'nvnnccr pnisil>le1nent
s11r (lt's cl1c1,1i11s l>nlltt~. J .. n l,01111e nt1l,ni11e po11r t1n esprit cL11ie11x 1
'l"c,111 lnil i, fni,e r11 ce clo1nni11c >, c1it Lecl111e, ll. 10. Avec
1111c 111ll1o(le, une p1ol,it, 11ne l11ncil q11i, <le st1ilc, rvlre11t en
l11i 1111 111nil1e, il con1111e11n 1101 l'i11v<'11tnire <les n1nnt1scrits grc~~
t'l l11ti11s le 101,tes )P.s l>il,lioll1q11es ,l'l~t1101>c >. 11 parco11r11t Ainsi
J'lt11lic", l'l~SJ>ng11c, le Jlc11t11gnl, l'At1ltic~l1(\, 1'A1lc111ognc, ln rfcl1co-
Slo,,nc1t1ic, ln G1ce, ln Jloflnnde, IR Ilelgiqt1e, la Suisse, l'Angle-
t~r1c, rntll><11to11t 11nc nn11le 111oisso11 <1e doc,11l1ents 1 copies, pholo-
ur111ll1ics (le 111Ant1sc1its cl cnlnlogt1es <le mnnt1scrits. Cet inven-
loirc ocl,ev, le t1nvnil np1>ornissnit gi~nnlesq11e. Il s'agissait <le
111cll1c 1111 11ct1 tle ("lo1t <1011s celle fort ol>s(~t,re, cl'tnl1li1 rle grnn-
(l<~s clivisio11s. Moi~, po11r y porveni1, il fnllnit <tal>or<I <later cl10-
c1111 tic c<'s r1nvat1x, les iclcnlifier, les trnrll1i1e. Or, de mme qtt'on
11e 1rt1l ~XJlliq11er l'l~c1it111e Soi11le sans tle 1nt1ltiples con11ais ..
sn11ces gograpl1i<Jt1es, n1cl1ologi,111cs et ling11isliq11es, <le m111c,
s,111s l'<ln11nilre ln J>nlog1n1>l1ie, la pl1011tiq11e et l'histoire des sc1i..
J,c,s, co111111c11t lnl>li1 1111c lrnl11ctio11 srie11!ie l't111 texte moyc11-
n1{ct1x ? f.'csl ce <1t1t' le J>. 'l"l,t)" n Nt1r1ti)o11<ln111111e11l 1>rot1v. A
111est1rc c1 tl<' lot1les C('S ~cic11ce~ conjt1gt1es. - - IA lingt1isliqt1e s111-
l<,11t --, I',,icll1ie11t <lJ>sler l'icle11lil cles nt1le11rs, le savant tait
nt11c11 n crire n1ille noies et com111enlnires d'claircissements ..
Cl1e111i11 fnisnnt, il s'attnr<lnit ,les <lcot1vc1les qui rdt1isaic11l
11onl cc1lnines lgc11cles >
... c 11 est pn1ven11 <ll i111ite1 ni11si q11alre tapes principnlcs ,le
111 }lc11sc el cle l'i11fl11c11ce <liotl)'sic1111cs. Ln >re1nire est merqtte
1,r,1 l~s l1nclt1clio11s cl'llil,ltain, de Scot E1ig ne .. Le seconde pnr
Jl11g11c~ 11.lrien, .ren11 Snl isl)t11y ... Ln l1oisime J>~rio<le est cornc-
lt'1isc 1>111 1111c 1,11t1ntio11 1>lt1s lcn<lltC et fll11s profon(le de Deit)'~
tln11s 11, ll1ologie f1n11cisroine el dominicni11e. Mais vers la fin <lt1

31() 1>11 1. G.\llllll~L 1 IIEI\ Y A IIANNA ZAKAI\IAS
XII J sicle ln 1,c11"c clio11J'sic11ne se tro11ve en face tl'un f oit not1-

ven11 tl't111e 1,c,1lc co11sitlrnl>lc : l'e11t1e <l,Aristole ,lans nos ltni-
\'c1sits. J.,c 11 11,,t1-)' ni111c ,Jire q11'Arislote 11c no11s arrive pas
c vltt d'1111 lle1>l11111 011 cl'11ne toge, 1nnis recot1verl d't1n bttrno11s el
c<>if (ltt fez n,nl,e >. J11sc1t1e vers 1275, Aristote n'existe pas
l'lnl 1>111, el 1011 l ce <Jtte les l1islorie11s 0111 c1il ce propos n'est
Cil t>Otlie <(lt'clnl><lJ"8lOll lllOgi11nlive.
J>n,in11tl1is111e 111nl1ialisle, Alexan<1re
<l'A1>l,1o<lisc, nvcc s011 11n11ll1is111c nolic1t1e, Rlt cll>ttl <l11 XIII si-
cle, 111nr(Jt1e11l le (>(l11t c11l111i111,11l <le l'i11llt1e11ce <l,A1islole <lnns le
tlc,n1nine lli11lccli(1 tic el i11n11gt11c11l le <ll>ttl dtt C<>ltrnnl de la mla-
11l1ysi<1t1c n1islc>lli<.ic1111c. l\lnis c111cllc r,olt1lio11 clnns les esprits :
lt>ttle la 11l1ilos<l1>l1ie nral>c s'cngo11IT1e ,lnns les t111iversils : Alfa-
101.Ji, Alki11,li, A ,icc1111e, Ave11os, vicnne11t 1>oser nt1x esp1ils <le
ln secon,le 111oili <ltt XIII sicle l<'s 1>robl111es ,,i1nt1x et esse11liels
cl'1111e pl1ilos(>()l1ic <111'ils rc11011vclle11l. Le P. 1~1,ry n plt 1>01le1
j11sle titre clcs Co11q11les s1,i1il11clles <le l'lsla,n, celle 1>oq11e >.
1
1,1\El\1 IER CON1"At.7 AVEC L ISLAPtl
Rc111n1c111<>11s, 11vn11l cl'nll<'t 1>lt1s loin, qtt'en nlJ01<la11l ces ltt-

clcs, le 1>. 'J111)' ,,ie11l n Jlei11e <l'e11tre1 sltt le lcr1ai11 tle ln 1>l1iloso-
1>11ic R(>tlcle i1111,1<>1>1c111e11l 111t1st1l1nnne : il va exon1ine1 avant
l<>t1l s011 co11lc11t1, 1>11,1,'\t q11c s,1 sot11cc ott ses rO)lJl01ts ovec l'lsla111
n11tl1e11li<111e. Il cx11111i11l'1,1 1>lt1s ln1tl sn t1ojectoi1e, cl t1ncern l'ili-
111ni1e (le s011 c11l1c <l1111s les l>il>lioll1qt1es <le 110s {J11ive1sits
<ltt l\loyen-Auc. Il <li1n <111c Jn 1>cnse g1..ecq11e, 1ect1eillie ntt IV
~iclc lln1 les snvr,11ls cl11tic11s ncslo1iens et t1n<lt1ite par eux e11
s)rinfl 11e, fut t1ncl11ilc 1>n1 (l'nl1l1cs neslo1ie11s e11 orae. sot1s 1a
<10111 i 11 a t (>l l (les ,,1 I> t1ssi clt,.s r111 1X sicle, 1>ot11 l 1c t r 011s 11orle
~t>11s ce ,lc111c11t c11 Clcci(le11t n,1 cll,11t tl11 XII sicle. ~lais
'l'olcle, celle }>t'11se <l11l c11C(lrc fni1e t1ne l1nlle nt1 veslini1e Jlot1r
J>o11voi1 fni1e so11 c1tl1c il lln1is, Oxfor<1, et l\Ic,11t1lcllier. Sous
l'<'gitlc <le l',~<ftlc f1r11111is fin)111<>ncl <le Snt1veli'1t (1126-1151 envi-
1(111), n '1'oltle I(' .J11ir ll>11-llt1<1t1(I qt1i co1111nit l'n1nl,e t1n<lt1it en
ro111a11ce les Ii,1<'s n11i,es ,le nng<ln<I. Co111111e lbn-Daot1<l ignore
le Jali11, c't\sl (i1111(lisnlvi, ,111i i~1101e l'nrnbc 111a1is csl 1>011 loli11isle,
<111i 1,1e11(I le 1<'l11i 1,0\11 l1nl>illc1 le ron,ance <l'IJ,n-llnottcl c11 lnlin.
C'esl ni11si (Jtt'A1isl()lc, n1,1s ll\"(1i1 cl1n1tg <111ol1e fc>!i (Je cl1e111isc,
r,011cl1il J('s ('>~,c~,,<;<'~ : (i1cc-A~ie Minct1rc ; Syric-Jlng(laellier.
J... n J>l1ilos<>J)lll' g1<'C'tlllC est n1rivre R <]OS <le cfttlllleO\lX R t1n-
\'Ct~ le l\logl11cI, l'i l',\11tlnl,11sie. clnns les 111iliet1x scolni1es <le ln
1l,1rlienl. 1\11,is ~ 1'111-il v1itnl,le111e11l 11nc 1,<11sc nrnl>e '/ El
1111el s01l l'lsln111 fit-il n ses 1)l1il(>s01>l1es ? Pcttl-011 11n1le1 1igou-
1
ET RETOUR A L 0RIOINAL 311
re11sen1e11t tl'11ne rI1ilosoJll1ic n1usul1no11e ? Ces q11esl ions se pose-
ront pltts la1d 1 es1,rit dtt P. Tl1ry. l1 our l'instant. nolts les leis-
s011s e11 sttspens. en fer111ant cette parenll1se que nous avions
011ve1lc 1>ot1r veiller sc11le1nent l'attention du lecteur sur 11n point
p1cis : lorsque le P. Tl1ry, <lans ses premiers travaux, parle de
c conq11les spirilt1elles de l'Isla1n >, ~e pe11se arabe. de philoso-
J>hie n111suln1ane, il n'entend pas po1ter 11n j11gement de valeur stt1
l*lslo111 lui-1n1ne 011 s11r ce qt1c l'on prend pour ses productions. li
cn11>l(>ic tin langage comm11n111ent re11, j11sqt1' ce qtte des tudes
11ll1i~t11es l'obligent rforn1er sa pense et son langage.
DU PSEUDO-DENYS A MAITRE ECKIIART

P.ITIIODE DE TRAVAIL
ln
J.1e fnil esl >, conti11l1e Lecl111e. c Co111111e11l e11 esl-011 01riv
ex11li<111er les paroles cllt Cl1rist l'nide rle doclri11es arnhc et
11111st1l111tl11e n l'11oqt1e <les croisat1es ? La tl1ologie cl1rtienne <lu
XIII sicle est le re11dez-vous de doctrines disparates, niais assi,ni ...
Ies 1>01 l'a1no11r d11 Cl1rist. docl1incs emp1t1nles non set1leme11l
1111x 1>l1ilo~o1ll1ies gtecque, n111s11l111one, ou j11ive, n1ois encore nttx
scie11ccs biologiqt1es, gograpl1iqucs, 1ndicalcs. Elle re1>rsc11le
v1i1i111~11l l'ge (l'or ,le l'encyclopdie et de l'unit du savoir
l 1un1 n i11
E11fin, les recl1e1cl1es s111 I'o1igi11e et l'inflt1ence <le la pe11sc
,1 (1nys ic1111e con cl 11 isi re11 l le P. 1"111y citez les 111ys t icftlf'S rl1nn n~,
cl1ez l\-fnilre Eckl1a1t en pnrlict1lier. Mais nous <levons di1e ici n,,cc
E. Gilson (1) q11e Je P. 1'11ry se lance sur une nouvelle piste. Il
sort des t11des ()ionysic11nes }lttres. S'il retrouve encore le Psett<lo-
nc11ys cl1cz Maitre Eclcl1a11. ce nest q11' travers ln pense t1s
't~l,1l>o1e de St Tl101nas. Nous 11e vo11Ions pas nous al tarder s11r
l'ol)jC'l tle ces ltt<lcs, mais s11r le11r nt1let1r, et1r sa mtl1ocle (le trn-
vail, s111 le lon <le son (liscottrs. Ot1vrons les Arcl1ives d'Hisloire
,lor.lri1rale el littraire drr ~loye11-Age de l'anne 1028, t. III, p. 321 ..
322. l .. isons que1q11es llnrngrnpJ,es <le l'lnlrorluction crite po1 le
J>. pl"l11y 11ot1r son ,lilion nnnole du Commentaire de n1llllre
Ecl,/1,,1l s11r le l.1ivre de la Sagesse :
Ecl<l1n1t est t1n fics 11ommes dt1 XIV sicle qui retien11e11t le
t>l11s l'nllention des l1islotie11s : <lept1is trois 011 qttetre ons, no11s
nvo11s v11 porailre t1ne vinglnine d'lt1des st1r ce sujet. l\1ei~ la
lecl\tte (le ces lrnvn11x, cc q11i frnpJ>e st1rlo11t, cest l'esprit de (lsor-
(lrc el tic fa11lnisic qu'n111>orlent les rttclils dans ce lfon1eine. 011
(1) Arlaivcs .. , nn11c 1050, Il. 9, o E. Gll.,SON apprcie en spcinlislc

l'(l!llVlc cl11 ., Til En Y.
312 DU P. OADRIEL TIIRY A IIANNA ZAKARIAS
11'1>ro11ve 1>rcs,1t1e jomois l'i11111ression <le scurit. On a 11a1l ces

(lcr11ires annecs <tEcltl1ort el (le son influence sur la pl11losophie
1,lle111on<le co11te1n1>orRinc. On s'est efforc d'tablir des parallles
<11lrc Ecltl1art et llot1(lhn, ent1e Eckhart et la philosopl1ie l1in-
,Jot1e I J)'ot1lre pn1I. 011 n cl1ercl1 o. reconstituer lei 011 tel point de
cltoil <le 1n <loclri11c <l'Ec1<11nrt ; on a 11ein pottr dcoltvrr qt1el-
<(t1es ,orientes en ,t1e (l'ntnliottr tel Olt tel ser1non nllemen(I. De
1
t,1t1l~s ces 11ro<lt1clion~, l'l1islorien 1>ropremenl dit et l l1islorien des
,l<>clri11cs nt1ront retenir vrai111ent pet1 de chose ; peine trou-
,e1onl-ils glaner clc-ci, <le-l, q11el<Jt1es prcisions devant servi1
f orn1er ttnc i1nnge relle <'l concrte <l'Eclcl1art ..
c Avant de rcc<,11slilt1rr ln (loct1ine d'Eck11nrl, cl'enlrepre11(tre
telles 011 telles Ctlt1eclio11s le ,llnil, il folloil 011 111oins 1i1e ses
,,ttvregcs pri11ci11n,1x. Cria pet1l fnire sottrire ,l'nvnncer pareille
nrTirmolion. Et ce1>c11clt1nl, c11 to11te vrit et en lot1le cerlilt1dc, je
1>et1x cli1e q11c ln g1n11,le mnjo1il <les l1istoriens <jtti ont c1it ~tir
l~lk l,n rt non t 1, ns Itl ses re,1 v1<'s llti nci (ln les. 011 s'cs l con tcn I (les
srr111ons nllc1,1n11,l'i - cl(111t 011 n 11~glig ,l'lol,lir n1tpR1nvn11t
1,,11ll1e11licit - t"<>111111c si ces ~c,1111011s conslil11ni<'11t l'11vrc pti1t-
,.. i1>nle ctEcltl1nrl ! C:'c~l co1n111c si n<ltts vot1lio11~ rcconslilt1er ln
1I ')'sio110111 i c in lei 1(\(I t1cll c cle sn i 11 l Tl1on1as n pn1l i r de ses scr-
111,>11s, en fnisn11l nl>sl1nrlio11 cle sn .';omnte . T/1ologiq11e I
c Les t1vres principoles <le 1nnilre Ec1t11nrl s011( 1e1>1sc11les
'it11tu11t 1>n1 ,le~ r,,111111c11la1r<'~ sc1i1>lt11ni1es: co111111entnirc stlr ln
(~t'11se, st11 l'l~xc1clC', 111 Sngesse, l'l~cclsiusle, sai11t Jeon .. <1ont les
111n1111scrils ne concor<lcnt pas ...
c C'est h re l>l,r tic <lor111nc11t~ CJtte 11ot1s nvo11s vot1l11 not1s atta-
c111(1 c11 J>t1blil1t1l l<'s cu111111c11lni1cs <l'l~ckl1nrt st11 l'A11cien Tesla-:
111enl ...
c Si no11s nvi,>11s v,1111,1 no,,~ ct>11lenler de p111>1ier le texte. il y
n pl11sieurs 111ois q11c no11s n11rio11s ptt livrer 011 pt1l>lic 1011s les
icrils lotins ctEckl1n1L s111 l'A11cic11 'festamcnt, <lont ln transcrip-
tion est ocl1e,e. l\tnis ces texlPs 11e pre11nent u11e vrilable siRni-
ficntio11 (Jtte s'il~ s0111 re1>lncs (lnns le,11 contexte )1istoriqt1e, clan!I
tn111l)innce lie l'11o<Jttl'. C'est cc l>t1 l q11e notis nvo11s recl1ercl1, en
cx1>liq11ant le lexle 11nr cle no111b1e\1ses noies. C'est ttn pre1nier
,~clnircissernenl clc~ q11csli(1ns 111t1lliples et co1111llexes qt1c pose
11,1cle <1e ln <l(>cl1i11e rl'~kl1n1t. Presqt1e lot1jot1rs, no11s avo11s
1.. ,,1111rocl1 Eckl1011 <le Sl 1"110111ns. Ce n'est pos a,, l1osnrd ... Notas
11 'ovo11~ pas tot1 t cl i t, 11t1 isqtte nota~ <levons revr11 i,. , t1'1111e f non
!iJciale, s11r ces 1,1i11c-ipnles q11estions. ~fais djn, ln sot1rce J>rin-
cipnle de matre Erkl1nrl est 111ise en l111nire ... >
On a pu noie, ntt 11ossnge, 11011 set1le1nent le so11ci 1 cl1ez le P.
r11ry, de la recl1c1rl1e <ltt (loc111nent. (le l'lttclc scrttt>t1let1~e <le
~t,11 co11te1111, (le l'eftlrl pot1r le sil11er dans le n1iliet1 l1istoriqt1e et
ET RETOUR A L'ORIOINAL 813
(locl1i11nl l>it il est 11, 111nis e11co1e la critique i1n1>iloyable de ceux
<Jlti avnie11t fait fo11sse rot1le par 1nanque de travail ou dfaut <le
111tl,ocle. Ce ton se1n co11stanl dans les lravat1x dt1 P. Tl1ry, cc
fftli Stlf>pose 11ne groncle sllrel de soi, surto11t si l'on remarq11e
qtt' l'poq11e o il com111ennit <le p11blicr le fruit de ses recl1er-
cl1es il tait pei11c Ag de 30 ans_ ; 37 ans lorsqu'il livrait 011
J>ttl>lic ses tudes s111 moit1e Ec)(l1a1l, sous le regard de celtti qt1i
nvoit t son prop1e n1ait1e, le P. Mar1donnel, autre clbrit de
l'01<lre Dominicn1n.
CRITIQUE IIISTOJ\IQUE t.1 TIIOLOGIE

l11lclleclt1alisle et 1oiso1111c11r autant q11c .. le P. Mandonnet ,,

c1il E. Gilson (lans l"'e Pl,ilosop/1e el la Tlrolooie. p. 105, c le P.
rl'l1ry joig11ait it ces q11alils 1111e indiffrence com1>lte aux ides
..
l"l'('llCS >
J...,c P. Tl1ry ne se soltcioit pos <les i<les re11es parce qt1e, pr-
cis111cnl, ses p101,1t's i11vcslignlio11~ ltti en nv11ienl O}lpris la r,n~i-
Jil(~ cl 1>n1f<>s l'i11co11sislnnce, <l1111s tin (lt>n1ni11e o il s'tait nllt'ndtt
i, rcncc>11lrc1 <le v1il11J)lrs sovnnls. Des snvanls, il y e11 ovoit sons
clc111le; 1111,is le P. 1'111y ,,c,1nit <le 1>1e11<l1e let11 rttclition en <lfn,,t
cl <le 1~1onlrer <1t1c let11 111tl1<>(le 1nanc1,1oit de 1iguet1r. Il cJevnil
cl<>11c 1>nrli1 e11 f1n11c-ti1c111. C'est ce qu'il fit.
No11s 11e 1>ot1v,,11s 11111111c1 ici tous )es fr11its <le s011 i11lossnl>lc
nt~livil ; <011lenlt>11s-11ot1s (l'11ne v11e gnrale :
J)e 1921 it 1!)39, 11<,111l>re11se~ recensions d'ouvrages scie11(i-
fffttcs c1ils en f1nnnis, nllc111ontl, nnglnis. cs1>ag11ol, itelie11, 011
lnlin, conce1nanl l'ltt(lc (le la pe11se 111<livale ;
<ln,,~ le 111111e te1n1>s, no1nl>re11x lrnvnt1x. personnels (l011s :
Ir, ne,,11e les sciences 1>l1ilosopl1iques el tl1ologiques ;
1n llev t I c T lt o 111 is te
ln Vic S1>i1ilt1ellc, nscliqtte et 111ysli(Jtle
ln ncv11e <l'l1isloi1e tle l'E~lise <le Fra11ce
les ~lln11~es tl1t,111islcs (Dil>liotl1c111e ll1on1isle)
l11 ncv11c (l'l,isl<>ire ecclsiasliq11e de Lo11voin
l11 n!v11e <les jc1111cs. oi, il 11e fil qu'11n bref 1>assoge en la11l qt1c
ct,-cli1rt'lc111 nvec le P. (,ille l, c1e 1927 1028 ;
les A1(l1ives <l'l1isl<>i1e <locl1i11nlc et lillroire (lt1 l\foyen-Agc
(ftl'il vc1111il (le fo11<le1, nvec Elie1111e Gilson co111n1c co-i1ecte111 ;
-- <!(1llnlJ0111tio11 :
l'l lisl,li1e r.~111nle, Jltl>lic S(ll1S ln cli1eclio11 de Gustave GJolz ;
1,11 lJt1llcli11 <lt1 Co11ge
312 DU P. GABRIEL TIIRY A IIANNA ZAKARIAS
11'11ro11ve 11rcs,1t1e jomois l'i11111ression de scurit. On a J>atl ces

clcr11ires annes tl'Ecltl1art cl <le son influence sur la pl11losophie
1,lle111on<le co11le1n1>orainc. On s'est efforc d'tablir des parallles
t11lrc Ec1(11art et llot1clhn. ent1e F~kharl et la philosopl1ie l1in-
clo11e I l)'ottlre pn111' 011 o cl1ercl1 reconstitt1er tel 011 tel point de
clloil <le ln <loclri1le l'Eckl1nrt ; on a }lein pot1r dcot1vrir qt1el-
c111es ,orientes en ,,1e cl'n1nlio1er Ici 011 tel ser1non nlleman<l. De
1,)tll<'s ces llro<lt1ctions, l'l1islorien t>roprement dit el l'l1islorien des
tl<lclri11cs ot1ronl retenir vrai111ent pctt de chose ; peine trou-
,e1ont-ils glaner (le-ci, (le-l, qt1el<Jl1es prcisions devant servir
1
f ornter 11nc i1nnge relle ~t concrte <l Eclcl1art ...
c Avant de rcc(,11stil11rr ln loct1ine d'Eckl1nrt, cl'entrepre11<1re
telles 011 telles f<lt1eclio11s cle <ltnil, il follnil n11 111oins li1e ses
,,11vregcs pri11ci1lnt1x. Crla pe11l foire sottrire <l'nvnncer J>areillc
n ffirma Iion. Et ce11c11cl nn 1, e11 1011 te v1i l et en lott le cerli lttdc, je
1>c11x cli1e q11c ln g1n11<le mnjo1il des l1istoriens <Jt1i ont c1it ~11r
l~(kl1nrl n'ont 1>ns lt1 ses ttvrrs fltincipnles. 011 s'est conlcnl cles
srr111ons nlle111n11lc; - cl(lnl 011 n 11~glig (l'lol>lir n11pa1nvn11t
1:111ll1e11licit - ('<>111111c si ces ~c,1111011s constilt1oic11t l',,vrc p1i11-
t'(>nle cl'Ecl(l1nrl t (:'est co1n111e si nc,tts vot1lio11s r~conslil11er ln
lll1~sio1101l1ie inlellr<lt1cllc tle sni11l Tl1on10s n pn1lir de ses ser--
111,>11s, en fnisn11t nl,sl1nclio11 (le sn ,omn1e T/1ologiqr1e I
c Les uvres principales <le 1nnilre Eclcl1nrt s011( 1e1>1sc11les
~11110111 1>n1 ,le~ Cf>111111c11l,1irC'~ sc1itllt11ni1es : co111111enlnirc sttr ln
(ic11se, s111 l,l~xo,I<', 111 Sng('ssc, l'I~cclsioste, sai11t Jean ... <lonl les
111n1111scrits ne concor<lent pns...
c C'est re 1,1(,r t1c <loc111ncr1ls CJtJc 11ot1~ nvo11s vot1l11 notts nlte-
'l'l('I" c11 1>11blin11l lrs co111111c11tni1cs ll'l~ckl1ort s111 l'A11cien Tesla-:
111enl
c Si no11s avic,11s vf,11111 no11~ ct111lenler de pt1l>lier le texte, il y
n plttsieurs 111ois qt1c not1s n11rio11s ptl livrer att pt1l>lic lotis les
itrits latins ll'Eckl1nrl st11 l'A11cic11 ~restamcnt, lont ln transcrip-
tion est ocl1e,e. l\lnis ces textes 11e pre11nenl u11e vrilable si~ni-
ficnlio11 q11e s'ils s0111 rc11lncs <lnns le111 contexte l1istoriq11e, (lans
l'n111l1innce tle l'1>oc111l~. C'est cc bt1 t q11e nous nvo11s recl1erclt, en
t'Xt>liq11ant le lexle 1,nr (le no111b1ettses noies. C'est 11n pre1nier
,~clnircissernenl <les q11csli(>ns 11111lliples el co11111lexes q11e pose
l' l tt<le <le ln (1,1cl ,i 11e rl'EckJ1 n1I. PrescJtle lot1jot1rs, no11s n vo11s
it,p11rocl1 F...ckl101I cle St 1"110111ns. Ce n'est pns Rtt l1osnrd .. Notrs
11avo11s pos to11t (lit, 1,11isq11e no11~ devons revrni1, <l'1111e fnon
Rllciale, s11r ces 1)1i11ripnles q11eslions. f\fais dj, ln source 1>rin-
ci11nle (le maitre Eckl1nrl est 111ise en l111nire ... >
On o pu nolet n11 110Rsnge, 11011 set1le1nent le sottci, cl1ez le P.
t"l1ry. de la recl1c1cl1e <lt1 loc111nenl, <le l'lt1lc scrtl(lttlett~e (le
sc,11 conte11tt, <le l'efl1rl pottr le silt1er dans le n1ilie11 l1isloriqt1e et
ET RETOUR A L'ORIGINAL 313
tloct1i11ol <>t il esl 11, 111nis e11co1e la critique i1n1>iloyable de ceux
<Jlti avoie11t fait fn11sse rottle par 1nanque de travail ou dfaut lie
111tl,o<le. Ce ton se10 co11stanl dans les travattx d11 P. Tl1ry. cc
fftli st11>pose 11ne grnn<le strel de soi, surlot1t si l'on remarqt1e
q11' l,poqt1e o il comr11ennit de pt1blicr le fruit de ses recl1er-
cl1es il tait pei11e g de 30 ans. ; 37 ens lorsqu'il livrait 011
J>ttl>lic ses tudes st11 moi f1e Eclc.l1a1l, sous le regard de celtti qtti
nvnit t son p1op1e n1ot1e, le P. Ma11donnet, autre clbrit de
l'01<lre Dominico1n.
CRITIQUE IIISTOlllQUE ~, TIIOLOGIE

l11lC'lleclt1alisle et 1niso1111c11r autant qt1c ... le P. Mandonnet >,

c1it E. Gilson (lnns /Je Pl,ilosopl,c et la TJ,ologie, p. 105, c le P.
'l'l1ry joig11ail i, ces q11oli ls 1111e indiffrence com1)lte aux ides
.
1 l' (' 11 CS > .
l..1c P. Tl1ry ne se s011cioit pos (les i<les re11es parce qtte, pr-
ci~111cnl, ses p1<>1>1<.'s ir1vcslignlio11s lt1i en nv11ienl n1>pris la r,ngi-
lil<~ cl llntfc,is J'i11co11sislnnce, cl1111s 11n (lt1n1ni11e o il s'tait otlcnrlt1
i, rcnct>11trc1 <1c v1ilLll)l(\s savants. Des sovanls, il y e11 ovoit sons
cl(,ttle ; 1111,is le P. 1'111y ,,e11nil <le 1>re11<l1e let11 rtt<lition en <lfnttl
<'I <le 1_11onlrer <1t1c lettt 111l)1t,<le 1nan(fttoil de 1iguet1r. Il <levoil
(l>11c 1,nrli1 e11 f1n11c-li1c11r. C'est ce qu'il fit.
No11s 11c 1>011vc,11s 11111111c1 ici tous les fr11ils cle s011 i11lassnl>lc
nt~livil ; cc,11lenlc>11s-11ot1s cl'ttne vt1e gnrale :
l)e 1921 il 1!)39, ll<,111l>rettses recensions d'ouvrages scie11ti-
fi<1t1cs c1ils en f1nnnis, nllc111oncl, nnftlAis, cs1>aEt110I, ilalie11, ot1
lnlin, conce1-nanl l'ltt(lc tle la pe11se 111divale ;
le 111111e te1n1>st no1nl>ret1x lrnvot1x personnels (1a11s :

(Jn11~
111 Ile,,11e (les ~cienccs 1>l1ilosopl1iques el tl1ologiques :
ln llevt 1c Tl10111isle
ln Vic S1>i1il11ellc, nsctiqt1c et 1nysli<Jtte
ln nc,11e <l'l1istoi1e (le l'Eglise <le Fre11ce
les l\lln11ges ll1>111islcs (Dil>liell1<111e ll1on1isle)
l11 ncvttc (l'l1isl<>ire ecclsiasliq11e rle Lot1vnin
111 n,!vt1e <les jc,111es, oi1 il 11e fil qu'ttn bref 1>assoge en te11t q11c
C<>-(li1rt~lc111 avec le P. (,illel, (le 1027 1928 ;
les A1<"l1ives cl'l1isl<>i1e (locl1i11nlc et litlraire llt ~loyen-Agc
,111'il vc11t1il (le fo11<le1, nvec Etic1111e Gilson co111n1c co-di1eclet1r ;
-- <!(,11nl>o111lio11 :
l'l lisl(lite fa111nle, 1>11l>lic sc>tls ln cli1eclio11 de Gustave Glolz ;
i,11 ll11llcli11 <ltt Ca11ge
:, l 1 DU P. GAOI\IEL TIII\Y A IIANNA ZAKARlAS
h tlilT1cr1lcs e11C)'clo1>tlies 1eligieuses et litlrnires

il 11l11sict11s revt1cs l1A11gres
011 l)ictionnoi1e cl'l1islt>irc ccclsiastiqt1e
l'llisloire litl1ni1e <le la 1~rn11ce, J>Ublie pn1 11nstilttl ;
nt1 Diclionnui1c I ~nro11ssc du XX sicle (to111e VI, art. T/1omas
,1,1q11i11 et T/10,11i~,,1e)
R l'E11C)'Cll>pllie l1n11nise, f Oil lie el tli1ige par A. <le Mo11zic;
CI C... . .
A 111 fi11 tle celle t>tiotlc, les g1n11tls l1nvn11x qt1i 011l ossttr sa
11>t1lnlio11 tle c1iti<1t1e et tl'l1islo1ien s011t pt1bli'I <lnns l,t,ne ou
l'nt1l1e tles collecti,111s c111c tl(>t1s n,,011s n1enlion11es. J~t-ce <lire
((ttc loul crin oit 11,,.~." c,,111111e 111,e lettre la JJoste ? S(\1e111c11l pas.
(Jl1clqt1es tl1ologie11s, et 11011 <les 111oin<l1es. s'in<111ilrent. Le pre- 1
111ier livre tles El11(lcs tli >n r'S<'1111es ft1l n11nc ce11st11. Mois c'est
1111 attire gron1ic11, n111i ir1limc <ltt t>. Tl11y el <lcve11t1 J>o1>e
s,>tls le 00111 <le llie XI, qtti vi11t i, s011 secot1rs. Not1s te11ons (ltt P.
'111ry l11i-111111c cette 1>clile co11vc111,1lio11 :
Savcz-vo11s, P1c 'J..l11y, fftte vot1e livre est ccnst11 ?

Al, ?... Nc1n, 11s Sni11l l">1c.
- Eli bien, il l'est.
- Do11 1
- ''ous llC 111c (1c1111111(lcz 1,ns 1>n1 'lll ?... Por le Pre X ...
Ali, Jlo1 c:ite1111,lc I Et c111elle J1rsic y n-t-il dniche pnr
l1nsnr(I ?
At1c1111e, cl1c1 l1 1e ; - l'l ici le Pn11e, n11111s, J>ril un ton
clc,tl<l1nl - n1nis ,t,11s i11lr<1<lt1isrz Jn c1iliq11e l1islo1icJlte do11s ln.
tl1t'ologie, ce CLtti est i11t1otlt1ire le 1elntif do11s 101.>sol11 1 Q11od
:1l>sil 1 1 1
- D<111. Alo1s <1t1'c.,sl-r(' 1t1e je fuis, T1s Soi11l }1 re ?
- C.011li11t1rz. (lil Il' Pn1,e.
Et Pie XI co 11,, 1u censtt 1e.
~Ini~, pottr n1111iscr lrs c1ni11les <le ces tl1ologie11s, le P. Tl1ry,

l,111s son seco11cl ,0l11111c (l'Et11cles clio11)'Sennes, <lit ce qtte ln c1i-
li111c l1isto1i<Jt1e J><>ttvnil ApJ1<11tc1 clc solide o ln tl1ologie :
c A ln l,ose <le l'l1ll11isnlio11 111og1essive .dtt Moyen-Age, l1ell-
11isnlio11 no-1>lntc,11icic11ne et n1istotlicienne 1 il y a lottl tin travail
r,,11<lo111e11lnl q11i est le lan,Ril <le l1n<l11clio11. Sons t1ne eltt<le n1111ro-
r(>11<lic ,les ve1-sio11s g1co-l11tines, <le let1r mcanis111c, de le11r n1n-
l it,10 t io11 p1og1essivc, <lll risqt1e cle 11e ju111ois con111lre <l11ne faon
,.(;llcl1ie, 111est1re, 11i Je 1>oi1,t le lt>nrt, ni la vnle11r relle des
s1>cul a I ions 111 lnt> l1ysi<111cs 111tl ivoles.
ET I\IITOUR A L'ORIGINAL 315
c No11s ovo11s 1>rf1 celle voie aride et 1noins brillante. mais
1
(llt1s soli<le, (le l 011nlyse textuelle, la voie Jorge, blouissante el
lot1j(>t11s 111-cai1e <le lo sy11ll1se.
c e J>ltrs, 11011s avons pens n11x pl1ilolog11es, el aux l1istoricns
(le 111 tc11ni11ologie 1>l1iloso1>l1iqt1e et tl1ologique.
c ..Enfi11, 11ot1s avons pens attx tl1_ologicns. Une mthode de
s:1i11e crili<Jtte n'est p<>inl <lt>lnce qt1nnd on vet1l exposer tin sys..
l111e (le 1>c11se. U11 l1islo1ie11 petit rend1c et1 tl1ologien d'npprcin-
l1lcs se1vices ; l11i 01>pre11<l1e noln111111e11t le recours constant aux
lexies. 01igi11nt1x l1islo1iq11es pot1r apprcier leur inflttence el Jo
((ttoli t <le celle infl ucnce ; 11ot1r mes tirer e11 toute srnit la
v,1lc11r ,l'1111e c attlorit > 1n(livole. La gran<le pense n'a rie11
Jl(!rtl1e en s'1>uran l et e11 se dgegenn l e l'accidentel c1t1i l 1 enco1n-
b1c. .
Cc c111e des es11rits soli,len1enl quilib1s, sai11e1nent pr1>n1s
011l fuit 110111 l'Ec1it111e Sni1tle, nt1 poi11t de Vll<; pl1ilologique, litl-
1ai1c, l1islo1iq11e et gog101>l1ique, 1>ourq11oi 11e le fe1oit-011 pns eno-
logi<1t1e111c11t 1>011r les g1e11 <les sou1ces (le la tl1ologie ? 011 n'a rie11
n c111in<l1e (l't1ne c1ilicJt1e cnl111e et sereine. C'est poltr faire pn-
t1er ccl lnl <l'espiit, 1>0111 vcillc1 att 111oins le soupon qt1't1ne
1,c11sc esl <lnns trnc cc1lnine 1nesurc soli<lnirc de ln vnle111 et <le
l'l ..1l,01ntion (111 lexie q11i J>rtencl la jt1slifie1, cl1>end pour t111e
~e1l11i11c 1>01lie tle ln volet11 et (le l'loborotion tic ce texte, qtte not1~
11vo11s m11lti1>li les 11oles n cl1nqt1e page rle notre trnvail. D011s
11ol1c cRptil, ces noles co11slilttc11l 111111verlisse111ent et tin veil.1'el
('~l 11,>ltc l>ttl fl11nl cl fc>11,la111e11tol , (P.G. r1111y, llild11in, trad,1c-
t,!11r ,le l)r1rys, p. 352-353).

A 1.-A SACI\EE CONGl\EOATION DES RITES

A)1111t (l<l1111 ces 01>nise111ents, le P. Tl1ry conti11t1n son t1n ..

1
vnil, ,,vcc l'111>1>11i (lirect clc Pie XI qt1 il rcnco11troit frqt1emment.
li vc11nil <le fon<IC'r il J\0111e, sot1s les at1spiccs <le P. Gillet rlj
11<l111111, 111oit1e gn1nl (les D0111i11icoins, J'Instilt1l Ilistoriqt1e
s,,i11le-Snl>i11c, clo11t le l>ttl tnit rle p1pnre1 11ne histoire n11ssi co1n-
1,ltc <Jt1e J><>ssil>le (le l'01(l1e des Frres Prcheurs pnr 1c recot1rs
1111x s<>t11ces 1 lo1sqt1e Je Pn1>e lt1i . . n11ne cra Je Sacre Congrge-
lio11 (les Ililcs 11l1e Seclio11 llisloriqrre dont l'aclivil~ partic11lire ftrl
,lfi11ic (lnns le ~lotit proprio qui 1nstilt1ait : c Perst1ad q11e les
1>1oc<l~ en t1snge <la11s ln mnnire cle traiter les causes c l1istori-
c111es, <les Snints ont besoin (le quelqt1e modification afin de miettx
1<"1>(,11,lre la 111011re nnlt11c de telles cn11ses et le11rs spciales
cxigc11c<'S, co1111>te le1111 11i11cipnle1nent d,r ,lveloppt!ment rre1rt
des ,li.tri11li11es l1islo1iq1res el ,les pcrfeclio11nc1nenls apports le11r
111ll1<1dc ... totales les 1>n1lies qt1i ont trait la vie, la verltt, n11
DU I'. (iAIII\IEL Tll~II Y A IIANNA ZAKARIAS
1111111~1c, 011 c11llc n11cir11 ,les Sc1vilet11"S <le Dict1 . sc1011l (le lit
,,,i11ci1,nlc c,,11111le11l'l' cl'1111e Secli<>ll llislo1iq11e >.
l~t le Sot1ve111i11 J><,111irc 110111111n n11ssil<'">l le P. Tl11y 111c111l.>1C' <le
tcllc Section, Rti1 tic lro,,,cr e,, l11i l'l101111ne <Jtli a1>11orternit en ce
cl,111ni11c u11 es1>1it tl 111,e 111ll1c)<lc sclo11 so pense et selon s011
,c1.111. - No,,s s011111,es en 19:lO, le l..,. TJ11y n 3U 011s. Dans le cadre
le ses fo11cli<,ns il lit S.C. cs Rites, sans Jlrjlt<lice 1>ot1r ses autres
l111,1 11t1x e11 cot11-s, le 1>. 111t)~ 1>11l>lie e11 1U38 <lcttx g,os vol11n1cs st1r
l:1 \'nral>lc l\lnric [><lt1sse1>i11. l)l,01cla11t largcn1e11l les li1nites t1e
111 si1111>le IJi<>g1n1>l1ie, 111111e ln 11l11s 111tict1le11se, ces ot1v1nges, ,tont
l:1 vnle11r rc1>osc s111 (lrs (li1.ni11cs cle 1nilliers <le t>ices tl,n1rl1ives
ll(>lnries, sc1t1pt1lc11sc111t'lll <~1,l11cl1es > por l'n11le11r, s011l t111c
\t1itnble conlrill,1li,,11 n 111isl<>ire cl11 co1111nerce, <le 1i11<lt1st1ie, (le
l'c11sei1I11en1enl, l'i <I<' l11 cl1n1it 1111,c XVII ,t X\'lf(e sicle. ~fg1
l 1,n11ssn1I fr1i,11il 1111 Jl. ~l'l,ry n 1,ro1>os de ce trnvnil : Je c1ois
1
1111r111e fftlc clnn~ le ,c)111111t111 <les lcclc111!i el d11ns le 111<111<lc ,les 111-
J lils oi1 ,ol1e 11<l111 s,,,,1 gnrn11lil n l'<111vrngc 11n occtteil fnv<>1nl,le,
lt'S exige11r<'~ clc l'l~glise ,,,1 111nli-1~ clc 1>1ocs l1islo1i,111e scro11t
t1,111le111e11t ltll(>l'tl(~C's > (l..,clt1c-1>1fncc, t>. 1-2).
(Jt1cl,111es nnncs 1>l11s l11rtl, le J">. 11t1y exlrny,,il t1c ces clct1x
\ ,,l11111cs t111c petite l>1c>cl1t1rc (le ,t(l 1>nges pottr invile1 ce11x c111i se
,1>)nic11t n1>J)cls il l>{1li1 l11 (.'1n11c.e 11011velle sc1t1ler n111>n1n,,n11l
,,,11 tlnss. E11 vc>ici 11t1cl,111rs lig11cs, 110n point 1>ot1r rst1mcr celte
l1111cl111rc s111 /.,es ()1ir1i11r.t cl,, ~lar/,i11isn1e e11 Fra11ce a,1 XVII Si-
,I,, 111ois 1>011r 111ni11lc11it l'ollc11li<>11 dtt lecteu1 lo fois s11r ln
11c.'ll1o(IC et Sllr le (()Il cl,1 )>. rl,l11y:
c 011 n g111nl:'111e11l len,1111,cc il i1nnginer q11c le p1ol,l111e
,ctli11l se 1so1111r flt1el<111es f<>111111les trs sin1ples 011 pn,- cer-
l:1i11rs 01>tl(>sitio11s lri's lronclaes. l . . niss,,11s cela a11x l1ib1111s el ot1x
tc,1,r rc11cie1-s <le 1>lei11 ni1. Le 1>10l>ln1e socinl, qt1i 11 tro1> l011g-
t,1111>s scr,i <le t1c1111>li11 llOllr clcs fi11s polili<Jt!es pc1sonnel)es Olt tle
1lit11i, \'O se flosct cll'1111,i11 110111 l11i-111111c-. Or cc 1>rc1l>l111e, co1111ne
1,,11~ les 0s1,ecls esse11licls cle ln ,ic nnl io11nle, 1>lo11ge ses rnci11cs
11,,r,>n<lcs <ln11s l'l1istt,irc 111111c <1<' notre J>ays, <ln11s le dvelo1111c-
,,11t'11t nscc11sic>1l11el tlc 11ol1e ,,ic i11(lt1sl1ielle el co111111c1cinlc.
c ...La con11nissn,1<e clt1 JlRs~ 11011s ni<le n 111est11c1 110s tln~. Le
11,~enl est co111111c 111 slnlt1c <lu J1,11,1s l,icpl1alc ; il s'n1>11t1ic ~tir
lt 1>nss Jlottr bie11 rixer l'nve11i1. f.,'l1isloi1e est ln v1ilnl>le 111te-
1I 1~s ic1, , c ,l ' 1111 J>c 111 , 1r c t (1' ,111 c 11 n Ii <ln
c ()r, nol rc 11nss i 11<1tts11ic I el C<>111111c1cinl n'a JJ ns e11corc l 1011 v
"c,11 vrilol>le l1islo1i4'11. l~n rnt1le e11 est ce qt1e les crivni11s q,,i
c 1 11I 11l>11rd ce lltt1l,li-111c 11'<t1lt jn111nis 111is co11sc-icnce clcs 111tl1<l<lcs
ftti -s'i1nposnicnl et clrs s1,t1r<'cs llti11101<1inles qt1'il fnllnil co11s11l-
C'1. El ce1>c11<lnnl ces sc,t11ces scltll ln, i1111on1brables el vn1ies, 111i11es
clt 1c11seig11cme11ts 11<>t1r cet i111111c11sc 1>robl1ne socin1. Ce s011l les
ET lll'ITOUn A L'ont(lNAL 317
co11l1nls 011 J,re'\els tl'n1>11rc11tissagc .. > (l'rlais c'est peine si, oujo11r--
<l'l111i, 11011s t1ottV<>ns t>ttblies (Jt1clques pices <le ce genre) . c I. . c
71 Co11grs (les Socits Snvanlcs, en avril 1038, s'est bien ren<ltt
co111pte (le celte lnc1111e, 111ais la for1n11le q11e repro<luil le vt1 tic
cet le nsse1111Jle, p. 6, n. 25, reste l>icn qttivoque : signaler en 11/i-
/isarrt a,1 besoi11 les 1nin11tes notnries et le regi~tre du contrle des
nclcs (Arcl1. Dp. ~rie C>, les contrats da1>prentissege. - Les regis-
l1cs <le cont1le, 1c111arq11ons-lc bien, ne sont point des sources
originales. En principe, ils 11e f 011t que rsumer ettx-mmes des
(loc11111r.11ts origi11n11x. Par consq11ent ces registres ont une valet1r
le (lottl>lctt 011 vnlet11 <le s11pplance en cas de disparition des doct1-
111e11ls 1,1in1itifs. Les 111i11t1tes notaries restent les se11les so\1rc<'s
cltigi1111lcs. Il 11e s'agit cll11c J>ns clc les t1liliser atl besoin, 1nais <le
l(s 11tilise1- 11cessoi!c1nenl. C'est 11nr ces pices notaries qtt'on
1>c>1111n 1>111 co11sc111e11t 1ct1tlce1- l'l1isloi1e conomiqt1e, industrielle,
l~l 111isloi1c <lt1 ,lvcl0Jlf>C'111e11I socinl cle 11ol1"e pays.
c J..,cs c(111on1isles (!I les l1isloric11s ont gn1ale1nent nglig <'elle
so,11ce, ln settle 01igi11l11c. L'ex1lrie11ce r111e notas nvons te11tc rsl
n1,s>lt1111C'11l co11c~l11n11lc. l"'l11s de 75.000 t>ices d'arcl1ives notaries
s,111 1>:1sst~es e11t1c 110s 111ni 11s et g1ce ln <loc11111cnlelion relrottve
cJn11s ctlc 1i1asse, il nc>tts est 111ni11lc11n11t 1>ossil>le de relrocer con-
c1t<~111e11l l'o1igi11e cltt 1nncl1i11is111c c11 France cl ln trRnsfortnntic>11
s<>(inlc ncco1111llie citez 11011s 011 XVII sicle >. (1>. 6 de la brocl1t11e
cite el (lCJlt1is Jongtc1n1>s 1>11isc. tout co111111e les de11x volu111es s111
l\ln 1ic Pot1ssepi11).
A i11si, 11011s VO)'o11s lo11j 011rs le P. Tl1ry faire la cl,asse au doc11-
1,1e11t 011ll1cnli<Jt1c, <lno11ccr les erreurs fie mthode, tracer la voie
11t1x l1isloric11s CJtti ni111e11l let11 1nlie1. Il i11siste pot1r qu'on ne se
lnissc pus 1cbt1lc1 pnr l'ntl}>n1c11lc monotonie de la tAche c c A pre-
111i1e v11e, <lit-il. ces conl1ats <l'a11prentissege pRraissent avoir to11s
ln 111~111c slr11cl11re. Mois celle Rimililt1c)e ott identit n'est qt1'ap1>n-
1enl('. Il n'y nt1111 rJ>lition qt1e po11r cettx qui ne savent pas les
ct,1111,1c11(l1c. Li1e u11 l>1"('vet ,l,npp1enlissngc, c'est dcl1iffrer to11le
1111c c~t>f><ftte. Les forn1t1lcs. 1n111e les pl11s bonalcs, ont une si~11i-
ficn I(lll 1, is lori(f 11e, 111 ni~ n t111e con(I i t ion : de les replonger {ln 11s
Je 1rl >. Noto11s-le l>ic11, cc sont (les rflexions de ce gc11re qt1e
11011s nvo11s 1e11co11t1es citez c Hnn11a Zakories >. Le pset1do-Cornn
est rn1ci (le r~1>lifi<ns. Si 1'011 vc11t y cl1ercl1er se11lcment les l-
111c11ls <l'1111c <locl1i11c rt~ligiet1~e, ril"'n n'e~t pltts fastidieux, car c'est
l>t1j,,111s le 111,~111e 1ef1ai11, 1111 set1l rlog1nc sans aucu11 dveloJ>Jle
111e11t, ln 11>titio11 tl't111e v1it bn11nle : sot11nettez-vot1s Yal1w~.
si11c1n vo11s sc1ez cln11111s. - l\fnis si l'on replonge ces fo1m111es
l,1\111,l('~ cln11~ le r(\,,J, vcliti c111e la vie nrltlnrnit, lct1r tonna11t cl,n-
((11<' f>is 1111c co11let1r lt<lttvelle : ici c'est 11ne cxl1ortntion. l 11ne
vive 1i1,c1sle, nillc111s 1111 gC'sle cle m11ris, ttn mouve1nenl de colre .
..

:J 18 Dll 1 GAORIEL TIIEnY A IIANNA ZAKARIAS
1
Il 11011s fn11t l,ic11 1c('cl111,atrc fJlt'n,nnt "l"l11y-Zakorias, l'Islon1 110n

1, 1,, s 11 n v ni l 1> 11s l 1t>ll , 1'11 is lo1i e 11 ,le ses 01i gi 11es, j 'e11 let1<ls
l'l10111111e <(tli nt>J>ttic S()II c~s11i <1e reconstil11tio11 l1isloric111c s111 1111e
i11lerp1lotion ~e11s<'C ,le textes 1>11rfois obsct11s. ~i111c si son inter-
111l11lio11 so11lvc l' 011 l 1111 ,l011te, voire ttne contrn,liclio11, elle
11c l1ct1rle jn111eis l'i11lellige11cc et le bon sens, co111mc le font les
1>11rilits <Jlte 11ot1s nvons tli\ sttbir j11sq11' prsent en lisnnt les
(livc1. ses c vies ,le l\lnl101net > 011 co111mentaires dt1 c Coron>. El
il fn11t l>icn reco1111nil1e <(tte cet l1istorie11 ne s'est pas i1n1lrovis,
C(lnt1niren1ent n ln Igenclc q11e cc1tni11s professet1rs qt1i se c1oienl
g1nn<ls, co11fortohle111c11t ossis st11 let11'S ro111n11s cornniqt1cs, et11. aient
vo11lu accrdite, n l11 fnvet1r tle l'i11cog11ito d'H. Znko1ins. ll a ep1>orl
:'1 sn c1iliqt1e (111 1>sctt(lo-Co1n11 ln 1111nc prolJil i11lelleclltelle, la
1111ne rig11eu1 clc 111tl1o<le, f(lli uvnicnl nssu1 la vnle11r clc ses p1-
Ct'tlcnls t1ovn11x, et l11i av11ie11l ntli1 les pl11s flatlettses lo11n11ges.
(:'est en 1026 qtt'il rc1. ivait : c ()11 n'a rien dit, 011 l'on o l1s pe11
,lil, (les sou,ccs tl't111c 1>e11se, <111011d 011 o 111is e11 pn1allle dettx
lexies si111ilni1e~. Jl111eillc 111ll1o(lc e~t volable <Jt1011(l il s'agit <le
1t,1rot1vcr les f10~111r11I~ <l't111c co1111>ilalio11 ; elle est en grnntle po1. tie
ia,cflcecc <1uan<l <111 l'ollJ>l<Jtte t111e pense origi11ole et vivante.
ll<1t1r rclrouve1 <les i11flt1e11ccs ,ilalcs, il faut une 111ll1o<le vitale..
<:<~lie 111ll1o<le, sn11s 1ic11 snct"ifier ,le la 1ntl10<1c co111parative des
lrxles, avait l'evn11lt1ge tic 111clt1e e11 pnrallle, 11011 1>lus se11le1ne11t
clct1x lexies, 111ais <lc11x fli1eclio11s i11lelleclt1elles >.
A celte 11oc111e-ln, le P. Tl11)' 11e sot1ponnnit 111111e pns qtt'il
snttnq11eroil 1111 j(1t11 ott Co1a11 >. Et pourtnnl, ne croirait-on pas
<f tte not1s ve11011s tic lire 1111 passnge cle c DB l\1otsE A Mo11AMPttED > ?
Or ce texte est extrait <le l'ovt111t-1>ropos dAtexnn<lre d'Apl1ro--
tlise, pl1bli vingt-neuf ans nvn11t le Jlte111ier livre s11r les 01igines de.
l'lslo1n. c Vouloit lullicr (>ar t1a11c/1es l'l1istoire <l'une pense, c'est
s11pprimer ln vie 111n1c < e celte 1>e11se >. Celle attire 1flexio11,
1cc11l'illie dons le l(>t11e I d'lliltll1in T1a<ll1ctet1r de Denys, revient
f1qt1e111menl (ln11s les ttvres <l11 P. 1'ltl''Y No11s 11e sa11rions not1s
lo11ner, par co11sq11enl, (le la 1elrot1ve1 cl1ez c li. Zol<nries >, lors-
'l''c, J>nrlant <les 1nll10,les co1n11n1otives des co1anisnnts. il llit qt1e
ce$l faire de l'liisloire la 1,elile potlsselte. L'cx1>ressio11 t1adt1it
1111 peu l'egacc1nent. On co1111>1e11cl cepcn<la11l ce mo11ve111cnt
cl'l1u1neur chez q11t'l<111't111 q11i, spcialis det>ltis tre11le cinq ans
lt111s les ludes clc criliq11e l1isto1ifft1e, c11tre clans 1111 <lo1nai11e n11ssi
11c,11te11sen1en t t1t1q,1 , sot1s cc 1n 1>Jlo1t prcisme11 l, <f tle cel tl i <les
t'l11cles cornniq11rs. A11ssi est-ce n (lessei11 que no11s avons cle111on<l
1111 lcclel1r tle noler le ton ,ltt P. Tl1r)". Pc>ttrqt1oi ce ton est-il ncccpt
Jlnt le p111Jlic snvn11t (les t11cles 111,livnlcs, tn11<lis Cftt'il J>tovoc111e
ln l1argne el l'l1oslilit cles coronisnnts officiels 11e11<lnnt (JllC c1t1el-
c111cs 'mate,11-s 1>1i1>111i<1t1cs s'ngite11t brU)"&111111ent co1n1l1c s'ils
ET nETOUR A LORIGINAL 819
taient pcrsonne]lemenl en cattse ? Ne serait-ce pas 1>nrce que,
citez les 111divistes, le P . Tl11y renconl1e de vritables savonls
prts acc11eillir lot1le v1il, n11ne ossaiso11ne de remarqttes qui,
pot1r tre exprin1es avec 1111e libert un peu dsinvolte, nen sont
1,ns 111oins f co11<les pour le progrs des tudes auxquelles elles
s'o1>pliq11eht ? Le P. 'fl11y n lro1J so11vent i11vit les coraniso11ls
f ni1e lc11r examen <le conscie11cc, reconnaitre simplen1ent q11i1s
ont fait fausse rot1te, po11r qt1e nous insistions nouveau. Dtt reste,
11011s n'avo11s auc11ne qualit spciale 1>0111 lettr adresser pa1cille
cxl1ortalio11 : aprs to11t, pe11t-l1e est-il trs difficile de renoncet
lout co11p des 1>osilio11s inlellcctue]les sur lesquelles on a hAti
1p11lnlio11 el fo1lune. L'l11os111e 11'est pns 1no11naie co11rante.
UN P.fOINE AU SER\'ICE DE LA FRANCE

.RUDITION ET ~ BUREAU
La p11l>licalio11 des <lettx ot1v1oges d'l1isloire s11r la vn1able

Mntic J>o11ssepi11 11'1>11isc J>es le lisle tles trnvnux cl'ava11l gtterre cltt
}">. 'fl11y. Il fotttlrnil e11 ciler d'autres, <l'L111e grande vulet11, pres-
q11e te1111i11s 011 enco1e c11 cJ1011tie1, se rapJlorlant la Jitlrall11c
111<livnle, et q11i f111cnt pe1dt1s du fnil e l'i11vnsion ol_le1nantle e11
1040. c Les t1ovo11x <lu P. Th1y >, crit Lecl1ne dRns sa bil>lio-
g1n1ll1ie, c en cot11s <le pt1 l> licntion, ses i11slr111ne11ts de travail, stl
-hi1Jlioll1qt1e conslit11nient 11ne valeur telle que le Sous-prfet cle X...
nvoit eu l'nmehilit de s'engoger efficacement la protger 011
1111ne litre que les uv1es d'art et arcl1ives. L'avance foud1oya11lc
(le l'e11ne1ni n'a pas permis de raliser cet engage1nent. Les lisles
(JUi voitt s11ivre so11t n n1etlre au bilan des pertes > (p. 85, op. cil.)
Com1ne 11011$ n'crivo11s pas 11ne c Vie du P. rfl1ry :t, ni t1ne rece11-
sion <1e to11tes ses t1vres, mnis une J?rscnlalion so1nmnire <111
sava11t, spcialiste cle la c1itiq11e l1istor1que, 11ous ne transcriro11s
J>as ces listes dont la seule le~ture dispenserait de tout co1n1ncn-
lni1c.
l. . cs l1nglq11cs vnements de ]O,JO ont eu pourtant une im1>01-
tn11ce co11ilnle dnns ln vie <ltt P. Tl1ry. clans l'orienlalion de ses
t1nvn11x. ()11 peul dire nt1ssi que la prsence du P. Tl1ry en Afri-
(ftlc (ltt Nord, cette poq11c, a ett ttne importance capitale po11r
la co11<l11ite de la g11cr1e ,le li1J1atio11 d11 territoire fran11is. I . . es
No11velle& ,le l'Instil11t Cnll,oliq11e ,le Pari&, n d'avril-11101 1950, 011t
f oit 1111c nll Ltsion (lisctte cet 1>isode :
c Le P. Tl1ry fut amen tudier de plt1s prs les philosopl1es
ntnes et ... 1>ot1r cela, fa ire de frqt1enls sjot1rs at1 ?\laroc el en
Afriqt1c tltt Nord. Ainsi se t rouve expliqtt le rle politique q11e les
circo11sln11ccs lt1i ont fnit jot1er enl1e 1940 et 1042, dans la p1pn-
1olion <lt1 <lbarq11e1ne11t 0111ricain. L'tude de cet vnement rse1-

DU P. .,\01\11:I... Tlll~I\\. A. IIANNA ZAKARIAS
,c1n n11x l1isloric11s cle 110111l>1euscs s11rprises pnr111i lesqttelles tpi-

~><le de cc n1<1i11c r111 (l'1l1<lilion n1tlivale el qui sembla il ne
se 11011ver n s011 nise (Jt1e <ln11s l'aln1ospl1re des l>ihliotl1qt1es ne
f1l1n1e1a ni le 111oi11~ Jlilto1esq11e, ni le moins tlnrndoxol >. Not1s
sc1011s tin 11e11 1>lt1s ex11licile 'I 11c le l111llcli11 <le l'l11stitt1l Cetl1oliq11e,
c11 tlisn11t (Jtle c'est le P. Tl1ry q11i con,,t l'ide de la ncessit dtt
1lt~l1nrq,1e1ncnt alli e11 Alg1ie el q11i, pendant (le11x ans, 1nil lotit
t'tl 11vrc polir q11e ce p1ojet ft accept por les A1111icoins et
, nl is.
A 1,lusie11rs 1e111iscs, le P. "fl11y nvoit anno11c son intention de
IJltl>licr 111isloi1e tic ces (lcttx n1111es d'activit clon<lesli11e. S'il
l'r,vail fnit. on 11'ot11nit 1,ns c11lt~11tl11 col11orter ce1lnines cnl<>11111ies
i, 1>1opos d'11n l10111111e tJtti n l<lUjo11rs c l1ercl1 sat1ver des vies
l111111nines, 111111c ,le ses c1111e111is.
S'il loil le cc1vcat1 cle ce 1sent1 secret qt1i 1111>n1nit avec
n11clnce et 1,rcisi<>11 les 01><'1otio11s <l11 ,lbRrqt1e111e1,l nllie et ~(lS
,1>ies tic 1>nt1t1I(t11 l'11 ,\f1iqt1e <111 Nor<I, il n'ovnit pas, ccln se
1>11oit ois111e11l, le co11lrlc <lirect <le ce1lains l1ne11ts par~ qtti
l11111ic11l Jllt1s (le ln fri1>011ille qt1e <lt1 soldai. l""e conltle <l'ttne
111111c rgt1lire 11'est 1,ns lot1jo111s fncile ; ln <liflcttll s'nggrnve
l(,1s<111'il s'ngil ,l't111c organisation cln11(lesti11e. En 1U15, le P. '1~1,ry
111111011nit la t>t1l>lic,1tio11, ~011$ pe,,, (l't1ne Conlril>11lion l'llistoire
,I, la Rsist,1r1re Fr,,11rc1isc, la lil11alio1t de l'Afriq11e. 1,fmoirei
s11r l'lli.,loire f+.'ati,>110/r, Poliliqr1e et Religier,se ,le l'Afriq,re clrr
l\'or,l. rie 1040 11) 12, ot1vrnge, - <lisa it le P. 'fl1ry - , qui sera
J>ttl>li a11x E<lili,111s ll('ttlz f1tt1e~ ; les illt1sl1oti<>11s el les n<>tn-
l,1c11~cs pl1olog11111l1ics !i(lro11t fnites 1>nr L. Moll >. - Celle en11once
1,1cise n'<'ttl e11ct111c s11ile.
l .. e P. Tl1r}' 11c se (lci<IR j R111nis n 1>t1l>lie1 celle l1isloirr, st1p-
ll,scr ,1t1,il l'cOt <lt',ji, ~c1ile n11 111,,1nc1\l oit il l'onno11nit. Set1ls
ltn1et11c11l, cro~(,1ls-11<ltt~, )es <ft1111011tc-(lc11x dossie1~ <le corres11on-
ln11cc relnlivc n 11, 1>11ln1ntin11 <111 (ll>nrqt1eme11t 11lli, <lossic1s de
lc,11lc pre111i1c ,nle111 sttr l11 cle~tinntio11 (lesqt1c1~ le P. Tl11y not1s
:,,nil fnit co1111nil1(' se~ i11tc11tio11s. S'il se 1avisn at1 11101ne11t (le
1>11l>lier ses l\l111oi1es (le gt1e11e, c'est (lnns 1111 esJltil ,le modrnlion
t'I <l'n11nise1nent, J>(>ttr r,ite1 <le 111ell1c en n1n11,,oise 11oslttre des per--
sc,1111ngcs qt1i a,nicnt cl1an~ lie cn1111> e11 dernire l1et1re et en (ler-
11ire minttle, co11t1c cn11t1on tl't111e bo11ne J>lnce clnns le fttl11r
1gime. Il volnit 1niettx lnisser cottler 1e tem\lS, Rlle11<lre q11e les
Jlnssio11s se cnl111c11I, 011 m111e (Jtlc cc1tnins i11clivi<lt1s <lis(lnrniss~nt,
11'1,ynnt agi q\1e pt>t1r snt1vrr le111 vie, cl 11'nyn11t vcu CJtte 11011r sr1-
,ir le11rs n111l,itic>11s 1>c1so1111clle~. ~1,,is le P. Tltry est 11101t et l'l,is..
1,,i,e y }lf'1tlrn s(11,,1,1c'11I <1cs clloils fJII 11'lRie1,t i11sc1its q11c tl:111~
l:1 111111oirc Je l'l1islt>1ic11, n stt(>(lt>sc1 e11core <Jttc le rcit e cet 1>i-
Er 1\1:."l'OUI\ A L'ORIGINAL 321
sotle tic 11ol1e pass 11nlio11nl 'soit un jour crit doprs les docu ..
111e11ts e11 (Jtacstion.
lie P1c 1.. l11y, ng11l secret I Deatt titre pour un ron1on policier
()li (le co11l1e-esp1011nnge. Si on l'crivait, 11ous s0111mes certain que
ln 1nlil tl1>asse1nit 1i111ngi11elio11. Qt1e le leclet1r se rassure, notas
11'c1i1011s ni le ro111on, ni l,l1isloire. Nous reliendro11s set1lement de
cette J>rio(le cieux ott trois tmoignages qtai fixeront en qt1elqt1cs
t1nit~ Jcs <itaulits d'l10111n1e tle cut el d'l10111111e d'action qui s'ajot1-
, l1c11l, cl1cz le P. rl'l11y, celle d'l1om1ne de science.
l . . e 31 jn11vicr 1U59, attx obsqt1es dt1 P. rfl1ry, un de ses a111is,
le (i111ul Cl1assi11 s'exp1i1nait en ces termes :
c J. . 'A111iral Ilt11jc,t .e1111>~cl1 rn'o de1nand de le ren1plocer
1>()t11 111,1>01lcr at1 t>. 'l"l11y l'l10111mnge de l'A1n1c fra11nise. Ne
vt,tts (~1,,1111ez 1>os 1'111, lei l1,1111111ngc, si inl1ol>il11el soit-il . 011i, l'Ar-
111c 11i111:1it 1>1ofo11d111cnt le Pre 'l,l11y. et le no1nl>re et ln qt1n-
lit <le.~ 111ililaires ici 111se11ls, le111 do11le11r, lettrs poig11nnts regr(\(s,
votas 1>1011,c11t lottle lu si11c1il de nos sc11li1ne11ls e11ve1s ce grn11tl
l10111111e .
.. .'l"c>ttlc sa vie no11s al leste son llnl1iolis111e. C,ateur <l l111 1sca11
1
e11 Ile Igi,1 tte t>en <ln11 t ln J)1e111i1e gt1e1re 111011<.1 i R le, l1ros rl e 1,,
R~sisln11ct~ 1>e11cln11I ln <let1xi111e, Co1n1>ogno11 dtt R 11ove111l>1r,
<lc(l1 n lit1e 111ililnire <le la C1oix de la Lgion d'IIonnct,1, dr. ln
Croix (le g11er1e nvec 1>nl1ne, (1e la Rosette cle la Rsistance, rel
110111111c 11011 1no<lrsle faisnil l'n<l111irntion des 1>lt1s cl1evronns, flRr
s011 ntt(lncc 1flcl1ic, s011 got1t ,111 1isc1ue, son intelligence nigt1,
<~l S(ltl Ctl11r11ge tronq11ille (Ions les plus d11rs n1oments
... Ar11i fi<lle, sf\1 el efficace, ja1nnis il 11'al>nn<lon11ait 11n n1nll1et1-
1et1x cln11s le l>esoi11. Il ovnil 1111e 61,1c <le c11cvnlier, l'amo11r lies
J>clils, le 1111,1is tics cl1osc~ 1nol1ielles, Jn s111it clevant ln mo1t ...
)~11 ,~ 1>e1(lo11 I, no11s to11~, notts pe1dons bea11co1111. Qt1el vi(le 1
c,,1 il t11it 1111 fic ces 1n1rs gnies, co111111c s011 01111 dj pn,li,
A11l)i11e ,le Soi11l-I~x111l1)', <111i so11t cn1>nl,lcs <le 1e1>e11ser le n1011(lc
tl ,le gt1i,le1 l1ors <le let11s l11bres les l1on11ncs qt1i 0111 1>erd11 le
St'llS cltt ,livi11.
11 i1vnil, co111nte Snint-Ex. celle ncln1irable i11lellige11ce spi1i ..
lttcllP <Jtti t1ansce11<le totts les 1>rob)111rs et OJlpntte l'npniseme11t.
C:cl111111e S1,int-Ex e11f111, il nvnit le cottroge fl<lle, et con11ne lt1l
e11c,,1c, il lnit 111isrico1<lict1x to11s >.
U11 nt1l1e 01otct11', p1se11lnnl un jo111 le P. Tl1ry qtti nllail fni1e
1111( co11f 1c11ce n,1 notnr)' Cl11l> <le X ... , clisnit : c Pour n1oi, il
i11cn111e 1n l'olisntio11 co11c1te cle ce q11c le colc11is1ne notts
01>1>1l'lt(I s111' ln Pc11tccle. At1 clon <les ln11g11cs. Je Seig11e11r a ajot1l
l)ll\lr 1t J>'1c rfl11y la fncttll 1orissi111e c)c pOllVO1 SC fni1c C(llll-
Jt1c11cl1~ clc 1,,11s. (l11c ce sc,it a11x J>clils e11fn11ts qt1'il ni111e lt111l et
<111i le l11i 1c11clc11l t,ic11, 01,x gro11<lcs pc1s011nes, otax gc11s si1111>lls,
21

l>U t. GAUllll~I. 1111~1\Y A IIANNA ZAKAI\IAS
1111x n11<lil(,i1cs n,c,lis el snvn11ts. le l\v. P. t1ot1ve J>Ott1 tr>tlS el pot1r

,l111c1111 le~ 1l1,,ts tl le~ cx1>1cssio11s 111i cx1>I<Jt1c11l, <111i C(>IIVll11-
111r1,t, l(lti 01)11isc11l > (U <lcc1111e 1057).
Notts cile1011s c11n11 c1,1eJq11es extroils <llt rnp11orl adress
'''11sl1i11gt,n 1>n1 le Ct>t1s11lltl tics l~t,,ts-U11is e11 Af1iql1e <ltt No1<l
(f\a111>ort Le,eln11(l l\01111<ls, 1>0111 lat 1,1iolle 19il1-10,12). Pour viter
cles ,Jig1essio11s <Jtli 11011s c11t1t111e1aie11l lro1> loi11, 11ous ca1to11s
lotit J)Orngrn1>l1e c,it <l'nt1l1t)s 110111s <[tte cel 11i <lu P. Tl11y sont cits.
c Vers Jn fi11 cllt 111ois <le j11illct lU 11. n t111 a11ritif t1onn pnr u11
1111 tlc nc>s t>11s 1t1l1s, l\itlg,,tl)' l(11igl1l et 111oi > (f,,~lla11d Ror111cls)
1c11ct>11tr111c~ t>t,ttt ln 1>1c111i1c f<.>is Je P1e 'l'l11y. No11s igno-
1io11s ce 1110111e11t-l:'t 111,il nvoil Jlt111<lil celle 1e11co11lre pot1r
snvoir J)Olt1c1t1c>i 11111s lic>1ts it ()1011 1 et si 11ot1~ nvio11s tl'nt1l1es
,levoi1s <11,c tc11x ,le ''itr--C:(,11s11I et c 1l'Officie1 (le Co1,11lc
cl'a1>1s les 11('<.">t<ls l\l1111>l1y-\\'t'ygn11<l. Nos i11lc11lio11s e11vers le
i>1e loie11t ,,11 l,,11t111i1c 1111i<Jttc111c11t S(>Cialcs (sic). Il 11c not1s
ve11nil Jloi11l i, l'<'s1>1it ((ttc 11011s 1>n1lio11s h tin l10111n1e qtti c1evoit
jrlt1c1 u11 1t>lc i1111>t,1t,1nt tla,11s 11>s J>ln11s. Ce ft1l lt1i (Jlli 11<1t1s 111it
c11 t'C>Jtlncl nv<'c I<' cl1cf ,1l111 g1<,111>e <titi <lcvnil, 1111 ,,11 et ci11q n1ois
1>lt1s 1111(1, ll()llS 11icl<'l" n <l~l>tlt<111t'I" SIII" le S (ll (1c l'Af1it(llC (lit No1,I et,
("C f11isn11l 1 1,itle1 ltt l1r,11ce i1 1cco11(1111ir ln libcrl.
Le P~1e 111y nv11it <le l'cs1>1il, il luit gni. ostc11sil>le111e11t (sir.)

l,ic11 i11f(>1111~, cl 1t<>t1s l'ni111it>11s .
... J>1i11ci1,nlc111e11t J>n1cc <t 11t~ le Pre 'fl11y lnt l1s sy1111>nll1i-
1t1r, 1>n1licll<'111t11I 1,n1ce c111'011 sc11lnil q11'il y nvnil avn11l,1ge n le
~11i,1l c111'il l<11i,it tfttcl<111e cl1,>se e11 1se1ve, 11ous conli11t1111es
1
,
i, le voir f1c111e111111c11t. Il l' ovnit (les coclctoils, (les jet111ers, <les

cli11r1s, oi1 <les ('<1r1v(\1snlit,11s st~1ic11scs lr,ic11t le1111cs nvec l11i, (lnns
l:1 J>rlilc J>icc (J11'il c>cc111,i1il ll111s 1111 111>1>n1tc111e11l cle11i1c la coll1-
<11nl e .
...1. . es l10111111es 1eco11l1s c11ez le P1e rfl11y lnienl 1,111s les
111ene111s, c'esl-i1-(li1c IC's l'llllilni11cs >. Sot1s let11s 01,Jtes, il y
11vail J>lt1sic111s f>l'lils gt'<>lllll'S, C<111111nt1<ls 1>n1 11<'s c liettlennnts >.
(:c,1x-ci c1111,1e11nic11t <les cl1c111i11ols, e1111,lc>yt'?s (les postes, t~l~rn-
1,l1isles, t111v1ie1s 111 1>>11, l>o11ti<111iC'rs, officic1-s <le l'n1111e et nttlre~ .
At1c1111 1,n11i1i e11x 11'lr1il 11gcnt t>ny. J.. n fJ11cstion a1gr11t ne
f11l jn111nis 111ise <'tl cn11sc. (:es l,c,111111es cl~si1t1ie11t <les e1111es ; ils
,011lnie11l clcs 111111,iti<)lls, <ltt 11,nlticl, 1>ot1r .se l>nlt1e qt1n11<l Je
1110111e11t vic11,l1nil. Si 11011s n11i,io11s les tJt1i1>cr, ils 11ous
,,ffrnicnt <le 11<>tt!'l 011v1ir I,, rot1le .
.... P11is cc f,11 l.,tn,I lln1l,c1111.. Not1s J>ot1vio11~ 11n1ler 111ni11lc11a11l
<lt1,c1le111c11t clt. l'eJ1,1t clc gtt<'11e n111~1icni11 .
... Le ~1,,111,(', s111 t\cllrc i11sisl1111cr', ngil el trnvnillu co1l11nc si on
atvnil clji1 1li<ll' cl'11tilis<'I" l'Af1ic1,1c <ltt Nortl co111111e busc (co111n1c
1
E"f I\IITOU 1\ A L 01\lGINAL 323
en v1il cela ft1I, 1nois ce 1110111e11t-l 11ous ne 1>ot1vio11s scule111e11l
<1u'esp1e1).
I...es fondations avnienl el bien poses 01nn, 1nais 111ni11le-
nltl1l <Jtle 11ous tio11s e11 gt1e11e, il notts fullnil t111e base pl11s Inrgt' .. >
(,1 ,, n1ali11 dll 8 nove,nbre 10,12, les Allis dbarqrrent d Ora,1)
Ce fl1t ln 11ne vaste 01lrnlion. De no111J>1e11x l10111111es et fc111-
111cs y 011t co11tril,tt. J'ig1101e at1jot11(l'l1ui les 11oms (le la plt1pn1t
(le ces gc11s. Il se t1ot1vnil <les l10111i11es couragc,1x et lies cl,efs
s1>lc11<li,les Casnl1la11cn, Alger. Tt111is, ~ronger et nt1lrcs
e11tJ1(1ils. Sons ces l10111111cs, rien 11e 11011voit t1e nccom1>li, 111R!i
ccsl <l1111s ln 1>elilc tl1tt1111>1c clt1 Pre Tl1ry qu'il fa11l cl1ercl)e1. l'ori-
gi11c tic celte 01>rnti,>11. Ce fttl son co11rage, son nergie inlassnl.Jlc
cl st111,,11t sa co1111>1l1e11sion profon<.le tics l101n1nes c1,1i n rc1,(lt1
10111 cclt, 1>ossilJle. E~1 (lpit <les 1nennccs <l'orreslalion q11r l'oblig-
1c11I il se cacl1er, (lgt1is e11 civil <ln11s 1111e fe1111c (les c1,vi1011s
(l'(l1111, il 1evi11t tln11s sn Jlelite cl1an1b1c Orn11 lllt1sict11s se111oi11rs
ov,,111 le jou,. Il, f:1isn11l (les t>lnns nv<>c (les liettlenants p1011vs,
l<~s (~11cclt11ngennt, et les lena11t prts l'ncti,,il (sic). Il 1eslnil ln, 11<'
1>c)t1vn11l 1111,1c J>ns <Jt1itlc1 sn 111niso11 po11r se 1nont1er n ln fc11lre,
j11s<111' }'('11t1e (le ll(>s l10111111es ,ln11s ()1011.
Q11n1101tc <Jt1el 10111011, je tJense e11 1>rc111i<'1
lic11 lltl )lre 'J'l,1y l0111 lt1 <lle1111i11alio11 et ln 1>rVO)'oncc 0111 111is
t<,t1 lcs ces cl1oses c11 octio11.
Il gnr<le, <l't1nc fn<l11 la 11111s 111ofo11d<', 1no11 a<l111irnlion el 111(,11
nffccli<>ll >. (l.. ccln11<l llot111cls, Rnpport cit).
()111clro11ve ai11si, tl1cz lotis ce11x qt1i <>11l npprocl1 le P. TJ11~.
l<'s 111111es Jln1olcs <l,n(feclic>11 el <l'ntl111irolion po11r cet l1omi11c nt1:<
<1t1t1lilt~s si J>t'(lfon<l111e11t cl11lie1111es, qt1i t111issnil la J>ttissontc
<I(~ c>11ccv<>i1 lie g1n11tles c)aoscs celle e les raliser.

TI\AVAUX llE GtJEl\llE. - c OEC.OU\'ERTE > DU CORAN
Cc 11'l11it J>t1s tt11c 1>elile nfTnire, CJttc l'enlrcprise 111ililoi1e cl11

J>. ~l'l1f1y. 011 n111nil 1<)11 ccpcnclo11t cle pen~c1 Cflt,clle suffit ol>so1-
l1c1 lot1l s011 le1t11>s. Esp1it lol1j<lu1s c11 1110\1ve111cnl, ml)1o<lic111e,
i11c10J'1tl>lctn<'nl 1>ro111J>l n pnt1cr ot1 c111~ lies 1>robl111es. cloc1
ct1111c s,,,le cle g11ic (le l'analyse. favo1is ll'l1ne exlrnori1lni1c
1,111,oi1e. il 111e11oit clc f1ont pl11sict11-s t1ovRt1x, passont <le l'tt11 i,
l'11t1l1c c11 gt1ise clc cllnsse1nent. St11vcill, pttis olig rle se cnr.l1c1,
11,nis n)o11t t at11>r1rnvnn t e11 conlnct di1ect el prolong avec cl<s
lt(>l1111,cs vivo11l <le l'Isln111, sn c111iosil inlcllecluclJe nt1ln11l qt1e so11
11111c,111 1,cltt1 ces l10111111cs le po11ss1c11t irrsistil>le111e11t ot1v1ir
1>111 lit 1,1c111i1e f,)is 11r1 Co1n11. Co1n111e 11011s l'avons clit, il n'nvnil
1,ns c11 le loisi1 <l'c111111cner sn biblioll1qt1e e11 Afric1ue Franaise ,ltt

:\2 l llU Il. Ci.\lJn11:1~ 1111~1\Y A IIANNA ZAKAI\IAS
N(,ad. 1,,#n sc11lc l1ocl11<'li<,11 <111i1 1)111 nl1>1s se p1oc111e1 r,,t ce11e <.11~.
i\l,,11tcl. l>cttx ,i,lc11c.<'S le f1n1>111enl cls l'ouottl : 1 l'or(lo1111n11<e
:,l,s11r,le tles cl1n1,it1cs tic cc liv1e ; clnsss selo11 leur l011gt1ct1r
1ltc1oissn11te, ils 1c.'11tlc11l ln lcclt11c cltt C<l1n11 pn1f11itc111cnt i11i11tcl-
ligil>lc : 2 11,l>se1,c.c l<>li,le clc 11c>t1veuttl tloct1inale tln11s ces
1,1le11,l11es r11l,1liorts ll,Allol1.
Q11elc111cs j>t11s OJ>ts cc 1,1e111ic1 co11lncl 1>lt1ll tlcevn11l, il
clt111t,n<l11 ses 11111is <le l11i 1,1oct11r1 1111e lliblc. Voil <111els ft1re11l
sts 1,1t. 111iers i11st111111e11ls clt~ t1nvnil. Le co11tc11t1 clog111nliqt1c <ltt
1
c Cort111 > 11c fnisn11t 1111c1111c clirJict1ll, il i1111>01tnil nvn11t total, llOttr
J>(>t1voi1 c.lcl1itf1e1 cc cl(>ct1111C'1tl cl'l1isloi1e, <le lt1i 1eslil11e1 sn 1,l1y-
sit111<>1,1ie origi11ellc ; cl,1 111c>i1ts, 011 Jldttvnit cssnyc1, 1ttisc111'011 nv11it
le ll'llll>S I l~n, Je Il. J'l11}' lttil n S<lll nffni1e. rl~OUle SR vie tllll'Olll,
il 11'11vnit 1ic1l fnil cl'n11l1e ,111c etc 1ccl1c1cl1cr <les <lc,ct1111enls, <l'e11
iti,1.Jli1 l'nt1ll1c11lill~, tl'c11 1cslilttC'1 le texte exncl, (1'<11 fttire lo cri-
1i,111c i11te111e, cl n,, l,cs<>i11 l'l1isloi1c, tic les 1epl11ce1 clnns les g1i111cls
,c,11rnnls ,le 1>c11st: <111i lc111 1,,,nic11l <lo1111 11nissn1,cc, et cl,lt1<lie1
l,s c.~<>t11n11ls i11lcllcll11(\I~ 1111'i,c11l11cllc111c11t c11x-111111cs n,,nie11l s11s-
1itrs. Il se 111it 1,1,tic111111<'11t, 011 1,c11111oit (li1e 1>nssi(1t111111e11I, n ce
l111vnil 1>1ulnl,le <le l'l'co11st1,1clic111 logicttte du c C(ltn11 >, 1cco11s-
l111l~liu11 fJt1i tlc,,,,it 1llJot1li1 i, 1111c 01clo11nnncc cl1ro11,1lugi<Jttc 11t1ssi
a111>1c,xi11111li,e qt1c 11,1ssil,le ,les r.l1n1lilres. Il y pnrvi11I. Lo1sqt1c~, ln
la, 1111ix 1C',,e1111c, il 1,111 se 1>1,1ct11c1 <l'nt1l1es lrn(lt1ctio11s, il se 1c11-
elil co1111>lc <Jlt<', 1,n, ~n sc11lc 111,lilnlio11 el rflcxio11 1 il ovnit 1lnl>li
l',11cl1e (ljn l1ot1v 1>n1 Ni>l(lclc,~, el <lpnss (le loi11 le sla<le <le lit
t1itic111c l1nclilio1111cllc. Cc 11'cst c111e pnr igno1n11cc cle ers foils, C)lle
lei n<lve1snirc <le c Znl<.a1ias > n 1111 l'acc11ser <le st1fflsance lo1sqt1'il
t'('tit <Jtt'il est 1111 ,ict1x 1ot1licr ,les t11t.Jes l1istoriq11es, <ftt'il ne ,toit
1icn 11e1so1111e cln11s cc (Jl~111e <le t1uvail, et qlte c C<>1111ne Nol<leke,
11,ltts no11!; (lcl,11<,11s cn1>0l,l(~ tic 1eco1111oilrc au stvle ... et ntt conle11t1
1., cl,1011ologic 1elntive tics so111ntes, c'esl--flire lct1r n1lpnrlenn11ce
i, telle ott telle t>l1nsc (le ln vie (le 1\fol1n1n1ned el n11 <lvelo1>Jle1ne11l
i11lcr11c tle 11sllt111 (Ile l\l(>se n Mol1n111n1e<l, t. I, Jl. 10, n . 2). No11
s(t1lc111c11I il 11e <l>il 1ic11 i, ret1x c111i 011l c1it ovo1,t l11i st11 l'lsln111,
- enlC'11<lo11s Lie11 : ce,,x <Jtti 011t 1>1ten<lt1 foire l'l1isloire <les ori ...
gi11es tl'n11rs le c Co1n11 > - , 111nis, ayn11t lu to11s lettrs l1avat1x
1,n1 co11scie11ce 1>1c1fession11,,Jle <ls qt1'il en e11t ln possillilit, il
cl11l fni1e 1111 co11stl111t t.'fo1l llOtlr se li bret <le cet 0111n~ <le sol tises,
11inisc1ies el l>illc,cses 011li-scic1,tific111es clo11l ils nssnison11e11t le11rs
('Xf>licnlions. P(>t1r celte rt,iso11, il s'nbsl ie11clra de tlo11ner at1c1111e
l,ibliogra1ll1ie ln 1111 cle ses <)ttvrnges ; qt1e l'on relise ce p101los.
lit 1,rf,,ce dtt t,.111C' 1 ci le ti-l< ss,1s. Notas nvo1\s <1l>sc1v le 1111nc
1
silc11ce l>il>lio~1,,,,l,i<111~, <'nt l('S (>t1vroges (Jtte 11(1t1s nvons t10 lire
l11 s11ite clc cet1x <111i ft11e11l 1,1,l)lis nvu11l 1958 11'<>11l 110s crev Je
1>lofo11d c.lc la c scic11cc > l1'ntlilit>1111ellc. Ils portent les 111111es slig-
ET I\ETOUR A L'Ol\lOlNAL S25
111t1les. llislo1iens (le re1101n el tl1ologie11s cJipl1ns racontent <le
telles l>tises sur l'i11s1>irntion, les rvlations, ou la science reli-
giettse <le Mol1nmm<l, - (aft1blont bien sottvent leurs commen-
taires de consi<lrations J>sett(lo-mystiques), - que notts not1s s0111-
111es J>ntfois den1or1<l <1n11s qt1elles coles ces thologie11s ont pcl1
lct11s cli1>ln1cs el oit ces l1isto1iens 011l npJlris crire l'hisloi1c.
lltt11s <111cl<Jt1cs <lcn<les, les savn11fs verss (fans ces <liscipli11es se
<lc111n11<1er<>nl ovcc a11111se111e11t co111ment <le tels fossiles ont-ils J>tt
s11l>siste1 el tre p1is at1 s1icux, 011 sicle cle l'exgse et de la cri-
l i,111e l1is torique.
l)IGflESSJON sun LA LINGUISTIQUE
A111 i, A111 i, t li C<lt11111c11<ls, je ne sais pas l'a1nhe : ol ors, je 11 '11 i

lltls clc J>tjtrgs >. Celle joyet1se l>o\tlncle dtt P. Thry tlpeint l>ir11
le cn,nclrc ttn 1>e11 gnv1ocl1c <le l'J1on11ne pre11ant u11 mnlin Jll11isi1
n v<>lls l1111ccr e11 Jllein visage t111e nor1nil qt1i vot1s laisse d'ol>ot'<l
1111 l><'tl 1>n11lois, et c111i vo11s invite ens11ile rflcl,ir. Par rctfc
111>osl101,l1e fort cnvalire R(lres~e h l'ttn <le ses conf11es, le (l.
'J'f1f1~, \'soit s111lot1l t111c 111e11tnlilt; (ftt'il nvnit crt1 <lisce111er cl1ez
l,c111 11>111l>re <l'u1ol>isn11ls 11rofcssio1111els : ln mo11ie d'ad1nirer pnr
1>1i11ci1le l,>11t ce qt1i est 01nl>c, cl <le gobe1 avec ~lices lotit cc qt1i
11(,11s 011i,e envelotlt> <ln11s le111 ln11gt1e. N'esl-011 pns oll jt1s<Jtt'i,
fli1e fftlc l<t sr1rvie i11fr,r11<1li onnl,! ,le l<r la11gr1e orabe est 1111 l111c11l
<.~""'' irl ,le la paix f 11l,1re entre le.~ ,,ations, et q11e po11r pl11.~ie111..,
F1n11r,1is c/1rtic11s, ,lo,,l je .111is, - c'esl J... Mnssignon qt1i porte - ,
cllr a it, el dr.111e11re la la11g11e. ,le la lil,erl s11pr~1nt, de la rr,t'-
lnlio,1 clc l'an1011r ... ? (l,1facc cle T~. Mns!iig11on eu livre de Max Vi11-
tejo11x, lie ~liracle Arol,r.) . J...,n lil,erlt.\, tn11l t111 senlin1enl t111ive1-
scl, l1011ve le 111oye11 (le s'l' xp1i111cr clnn!i lot1les les langt1rs. <Jtto11l
n 1'11111,,111, ln lllt11>nrl cl<'~ Fr,,, ..~nis cl11tien~, privs de l'inco1111ln-
r11l,lf' l)cl11l1et1r <le 1>n1ler nral>c, e11 ont lrottv ln rvlntio11 <1n11R
le C:l11isl cl e11 lc-t11 J>rclfll'c lnngt1e, rvlnlio11 liv1c c11 grec 1101 1<'~
t\vL111~lis1,,s l011glr.1111,s tlv1,11l q11e les A111l,es se soic11l co11slill1 1111
<'111l)l"J'(>11 (le litt1nl111c. li 11'esl J)Ot11ln11t ve11t1 l'ide d'Attcttn l1cl-
lt~11isl<' <lisli11g11~ 'I tl<' le ~tec f)Ot1,nit t1c 11n P.lment essentiel etc ln
1111ix f11lt11c enlrc les n11tio11s. En ce <lon1nine, la reclil11dP., <le ln
1>e11sfc cor11ptc 11n J>c11 1>lt1s qtte ln s111vie d't1ne long11e.
cc6[<1it, 1>0111 1no11l1er q,1e ln l)o11tade dt1 P. Tl11y n'toil 1>11!i
fl1111s 111(1lif, soyo11s lo11t <le 111n1e cc1lnins qtte s'il ovoil conntt l'nrnl)e
1111ssi l>ien (Jlte le qrec, l'nnglnis, l'alle111n11,l et quelq11es n11tres ln11-
~11cs, il 11e se sc1n1l 1>ns J>riv (l'en foire t1sogc I Et il n'nt1roit t>ns
l<>nsi(l~1 qt1e IR 111co1111nissa11ce <le l'n1nbe fOt po11r ltti un nvn11-
l11gc. Nc>t1s <lcvo11s <lo11c exa111iner quelle pouvnil tre ln posilio11

- ' l>lt 1. (,,\111\ll;I. TIIEI\Y A IIANNA ZAKAlllAS
'I )('
.11111 111nit1c ,le l:1 t1ili1111e l1isl(,ti,1,1c, 0011 aro)Jis1111l, ol,01,la11t

l'ltttlc <1'1111 liv1c cail c11 010l>e.
Da11s to11s ses l1nvn11x 011lricl1rs, le P. Tliry avait pll 111eltre
ses rcsso,11ces cle li11gt1isle 011 scr,ice (le ses q,1alits d'l1islo1ien.
(:elle fois, il 11e s'11gissail pns cle cl1crcl1er n reconstilt1er tin texte
t,1igina1 <111c 1>l11sic111s 1nnni1>11lnlio11s sttccessives ot1raient dfigttr
n11 co11rs ,les sicles. Ce travoil nvnil l accom1>li, en Jlrincipe, 1>ar
lt'S lllllSltllllOllS etl~-llllllCS, nfitl tl'n4}op(er lln texte officie) COln-
Jllllll, u11e 11r1lgale, ,lile n11 Cni1e c11 1923. L P. Tl1ry n'a pas cr11
l,cln cle ,1i~c11le1 cc 1>1inci1>e. I.-e 1>10l>l111c 11t1n110 tin lait de <fce-
lct lt, v1ilnule nnl111e <le l'lsln111 pnr 1,nnnlysc tlc s011 liv1e tle l>ose,
111)J>el Co1011 ; Sl>lt ~<,11lc1111 1><>11,nit-il 11011s 1c11scig11er st1r ses ori
~i11es ? C'lnil n, 1,11l ltltll tin 1,1ol1l111c 4Je c1ili<Jt1c i11ler11e, les
1
l1,1oignngcs txlc111t'S Ii,,1s 1>111 les c lrn<1ilio11s > n1a1Js nyttnt t

i1!11?itoyo1Jle111c11t 1ejcls 1>n1 les J1isloriens a1nuisants les 11lt1s
se11eu x.
Il fnllnil <lt>11r l1n,1\illc1 s111 ,Ir~ l1n,lt1cl<l11s, el c'est lc'l(ll <le ln
1lt11,01l clcs 11ist,,1ir11s, <111c <I<' t11\,nillcr s11r clcs <loc111n~11ls (l<>nl
ils sc1nic11I l>it11 sc111,l11l i11cn11a1l,lt s tlc litc les <>1i~i11nttx. Ils se fient
1
l111l,il11cllc111(\11I n11~ s1lrinlslcs (le ln 11nlogrnJll1ie ('I 011x li11g11ir.-

lts, si111s <(tic Jl<'l'S(lllltC' s<>11~(' n 111ell1c c11 <lo11tc lc11t con111le11cc
sct1s 1,1lcxle 1t1'ils 11c lis,,111 J>llS co111011t111c11l les l1irc1gl) 1>l1cs, 1
11,1n111t.' ('11, le <l,i11c>is ,,t1 l'1,11ll>c. 11 11(~ st1ffil JlOS, 11,,t1r (lc1i1e ln
1
~rr1se cl le ,l,,cl(>l>(>(111C'11l <ltt C(>1011, tl't,c 01nl,isn11t. Etre o,nl>

s,1111, c'C'sl co1111nil1c l'i11.1l>t' ; ("e 11'C'sl J>ns ncC'ssui1c1ncnt 1>oss(lc1
lt' ~cr1s clc l'l1istc,i1c, <'l ~l<llllcl 110,1s c11 fotJI"ttit 1111c p1c11vc cln-
li111le >, c1il le 11 1111~ (()JJ. cil., pr{nre, )l. 17).
I . . cs l111,l11cl<.\11,s ,,111 ~r1,111Jc111l'lll n1111ot let11s textes tlc 1l~111n1-
111C's li11g11isl((tt<'S clc,11t il:, 11'<,11t pns to11jo111s et1x-111111es so1111-
,:,,1111 ln J>t>11t'~, Jlnt st1ilc <l't111c 11,~co1111oissn11re 1>r<lfo11(le, cl \las
~11lr111e11t rlt11,l11r, clc 1,, lilt~1r\l111e j,1ivc. M,,is lct1r~ t1n<lt1ctions
clfcS-lllt!IIIC~ SCllll-f)lcs Sllffisnllllll('ll' n<J l es f\ )a )c(l1c el tl )'csp1it
tle l'cl1igi11nl ll(l111 s<1,i1 tl<~ s111,11clt'l n ,,ne c1ilic111c i11lr.1ne s1ir11se?
N,,t1s nvo11s (l<'j:', l"C'lllllt"(ltl CJIIC le r. Tl11y ll(lll-fll11l>isn11I, Q l'niclc
~,11J,111e11t l'1111e 1,n,lt1cti1111, r,,,1il 1t1~si n 1tol,lir ,111 orcl1<' cl1ro-
11c)lt,gi111c les s<,,11nte~ cltt C:011111; co1111>oral,le 011x 1fst1ltals ol>te-
1111~ Jlnr 1111 Sfll;t:i,1listc c1cs l'lttfl<'s co1n11i<tttcs co1n11le Ni,l<lcl{e; celle
l'f'llll\l't)llC sctnil c(c"jn 1111 11clic.c rn,01n),Je O )n flcl)it <les trn<ltlC-
Ic)IIS. Pc,11sso11s 1>l11s )cl11 11t1l1e 1ccl1c1cl1c ; livr,111s-11011s 11n 1>ctit
!--tl11tln~e (1'01li11i11 1lot1r sn,oi1 ce ,111e les nrobisn1,ls 1>1ofessionncls
1>t'11senl Ir lc,11s 1)1,l1>1'<'s l1n,n11x ..
nl S111 1111 1,1(l~,,\{'(l11s le 1,, lil,1ni1ic Pnyol, l'l~111i1 Cl1cl{il> A,~-
l:1111, 111e111l,re ~<' l'Ac:nclr111ic r111tl>c ,le l)n111ns, 1,1fRrt1lc en c<'s lei...
t11f's Ir, l1a,l11cl1,,,, tl'I~. 1'1<l11lcl : C('llc trncl11,. lio11 tltt Co1n11, trs
txncte, t,~s fi<lil<' ,,,1 le~l<.' n1:1l,c cl 1l't1n cn1nct,1c l1nttlc1,1c11l lit
ET J\ET<>Ul\ A L'OnlOINAL 827
t1nirc, lnissc rle11ire elle lottles les l1o<lttclio11s d11 Liv1e Sui11l l\ll
lang11es ct1rope11nes , .
l>) IJ. l\lnssignon, dons t1ne prface crite pottr 1,rscnlcr ln l1n-
()11clio11 effectue par l\f. Ilan1idt1llal1 el l,1icl1el Lel11r1ny, s'expri111c
oi11si: c L'inl1t mejet1r q t1e celte traduction prsente, c'est qtt'elle
est l't1v1e rflcl1ie et mtr ie d'11n 1nus11l111an1 d'ttn 1>enset1r et (l 1111 1
cr<>yn11l .. Ses pl1rnses frnnaiscs sonl-11n calc111e a11ss1 strict q11c )lOS-
silJle <le ln st1t1clt11e g1am111oticole arabe, parliculircn1enl i11<1-
J>e11<lnnlc et co111icieuse, dtt texte sacr; son vocab11lnire franais
11c cl1e1cl1e pos lttci<lcr les termes atnbivalenls dont il est pRr-
sc1n~ . cn1 c'est att leclet1r <le c fni1e lection>, entre le consenle-
111cnl (>tl le ref11s, tle cet np11cl escl1otologiqt1c ... Leur traduction s'en
lient o ln se11le prcision lecl1niqt1e >.
c) Il. 13lnc111e, <lilant sa lrndt1clion lle 1050 en prenant llOtll"
l)nse celle tJtt'il nvnit <l011nc c il y n qt1clq11cs a11nes rt q11i fnisail
cl1oit i1 lo11tcs les cxige11c~cs (le ln }ll1ilologie >, 11011s 1,1vie11l q11e le
CorAn fot11mille <le lc1111es et <l'cx1>rr~sions st1r lesq11r.llcs l'~xrgfsc
isl it 111irt tic a exc1c so11 i 11gn ios il . Pl 11s iet11s in t e1prtn Iio11s (cc ln
J)<'ttl nlle1 pn1fois jt1sq11'n t111e rlot1?.ni11c) s011t nlors 11ro1>l~r<'c;.
J..,nf111elle co11v~nnil-il tic rcle11i1 ? Dnns les cns vraime11t ir111lo1-
ln11ls, le J..,ecle11r, J>nr 1111e 11ole, se1a n1is nt1 cot11n11t (les inrc1lill1-
les <le s~ns et (le l'n1IJil1ni1C' ovcc lr(Jt1el on R di\ se rsig11er n rl1oi-
Rir... f .,<~ ll xle frn11cnis
1
s'efforce (le s11ivre le mot1ve111ent de l'n1"nl,~
l1111s -lot1l ln 111cs111e oit l'n tilorisc noltc sy11tnxe ... Pn1fois nt1ssi, <l11
11'n pns caninl (le 1ecot1rir n ,les consl111ctio11~ elli1llic1t1es oses c,11
n 1{~1111 q 11 es J>e1in el t o 11 l (le 1en<l 1e p 111s sens ib Ie 1n co11ci sio11 cl rs<'s-
J)1n 11 ll' <Ir. l'o1igi11nl n1nl>c >. (I .. R ConAN, rl. en tin vol., p. 8-!l).
''(>il (les OJ>J>1ci11lio11s OJlli111istes s111 <le~ t1n<l11cfio11s <J11c 1c
J>. rl"l1(~,-~.. po11vnil ncccJ>lrr e11 g1os et Jltovisoi1en1e11t ... , en olle11-
ln11I 111ict1x. Cnt il 11e s'est lot1l cle 111111e JlllS extRsi st1r ces ~l,,g<'s.
N'o11l,tio11s pns q11'il ~lnit, J11i n11s~i, 11n lingt1islc r1>1lt, cl r111c le~
1>1"(>l,l(\111cs c111i 1c~ll~VE'11l ,le ln li11gt1isliq11e 11e lt1i 011t cl1n1lt>~ cr,
1111c1111c fno11 ~n rc c1t1i co11c<'1nc les c Actes flc l'Islnn1 ,. 10,1fc-
1
f<,is. 11 l1111l 110~ 1,1nl,is1111I. il s'est (1clnt inco1111>le11l 1>0111 le'~
1<~so11cl1c .l11i-1n~111e. 1\tnis il n ,lrC'ss 1111 11ro1trn1n111c d'ltttles c111c
11<,tts S<lt1l1i,ile1io11~ ''<i1 se 1t1lisc1 bic11l>l. Q11e l'on relise l1i~
nllc11liv<'111ent, sttt ce J>oinl prciR, 1C's pnge~ 131-135 dit to111C' Tl ,llt
Jltrsc11t (lt1v1oge, -- 11n1tic11li1c111ent le bns de la p. 131 et p. 13!i --,
sot1s l<' litre <le Co11cl11sio11., el 11011,,ellcs perspective& /ing11i.<;/iqr1r.,.
1..-t' P. 1"111~, se t1<,11 voi t clone ,lcvn 11 t des lrod11clions q 11 i Jlo11--
,,n ie11 I se1vir cl<~ l>ose c1c <lpnrt po11r une premire le11tnlivc (l'ex-
1,?~se <'I cle c1itic111e )1islo1iq11e i11lerne. Po11rrnil-on rcf11scr 011 c1i-
1i,1t1(' <'In l'l1isto1ie11 le 111i11i1n11111 l'ac11il inlelleclttelle re<Jttis Jlflltt
li1e 111l lc'xle r111i esl h 1n 1>01lc ,111 co111n1t1n <1CR 1no1lels .. el 111r111c
1><1t11 y V(>i1 1111 llCtl 1>I11s clnir q11e le co111m11n tles 111orlels ? J.,',,1i-

IJU 1. G \111\11 :I~ Tlll~I\Y A IIANNA ZAKAl\l,\S
11c j11ivc clcs c Acl~s ,te l'lsla111 >, le c,,,nctre ol>sol,1111c11l c j11cl,,-
1
1c tle 1'1s10111 tlti1,1itif. l'cxislt11cc (l t111 at1t1e livre nrnlJc q11i lnil
lt ,,ni Corn11, ~t1it 1,t1r le 111111e n11lct1r q11i ne 1>ot1vnit l1e q11e
if, ,1iln lo 1>n1tic sc)li<lc t'l l,o,s cle co11 tcstc tle l'exgse Tl11y-
1lc,11i11s, 1s11111c 11t1r le lil1c g111ol de son ot1vrngc : L'lsl<r1n
,t 1r ,,ri.~e j,,iue.
Z11lt11rios ne 1>rlr11<l Jlns <lu1111e1 n~1x l1a<ll1cle11rs ttne lco11
, '':,1111,e ; il Jc111 1e1>l'(>cl1e <l'~voi,. gliss, <ln11s lct11s trn<lt1clio11s, tles
1111111t11t1,i1es, el tics so11s-lil1rs, el <les pa1enll1ses con111l111en-
-",1i1cs CJlt s11111>ltivcs, Jtti ,1ig11illc11t le lcclct1r star t111e fnttssc J>isle
,.,, 111ofire dl,istoirc tI <I< ,loct1i1zr. i1,,1g1 )ettr s011ci tle fi<llit atl
-~le nrnue, lotis lls l11,cl11clctlrs u11l cl1c1cl1 lcu1s ex1)ressions cl
111s ex1>licnl<>1ts r,, {011<li,>1t ,l'1111e i1iler1,rtolio11 ,lit c Cora,1 >
111'ils nvnic11t 1,111l;,l,lc111c11I cl1c,isic, i11le11>rlntio11 lot1jot11s tl1,e11-
l:111le cle c l1nclili(lJ1s > t11nl,es f11l>1i(Jt1cs 1>rs (le <lcttx ce11ls n11s
11i~s ln n1tissn11cc <le l'l!,lt\111, cl 11>11lrs stt11~ vnlcttr. Il fnlluil s'c11
Jl,g:1gc1, li1c 1c (:c,1:11 lei t[lt'il tsl, s1,11s prj11g c l1isto1ic111c >.
l.t' I>. 11,1~, l'l\ lt11l<.'.. f,'n,c, i, li111 s'il n lllci11c111cnl rttssi cln11s
,.,, lr11xi111c nst>('I tlt~ s<Jll t11tv~,il : l'cssni tic reco11slilttlio11 l,i.c;l,,-
\;,,,,r. cl'tt(Jts le settl (:011,11 >, (les v11c111e11ls (ftli l>ot1lcvc1s-
11I l .. u l\lt'Cfftlc cl l\lcli11c n11 <lll (lt1 Vil sicle.
1~11 IJftlissn11l sc,11 l1isl<li1e <lC's t1tigi11es <le l'J!;ln111 it 1'1,icte tics
1,114liccs fot1111is 1,111 I,~ li,1e tlcs c Acles >, Je P. 'l"l1ry snv11il l1s
,ir11 c111'il nl,01tlt1il li, 1111 l1n,nil t)l11s ,11l11rnblc (f ttc cel11i tle l11
. ('tl1crcl1e tlocl1i11a,ll cl clc 1'0111,l)'Sc lilt1ni1c. Ici, il est sf11 clc
1
l11i ; ses nffi11nnlil,11s s<>11t fu11,1cllcs. l.1\ 11 il c1it c tl'n111s 1111c v11c
111:1si-i11l11itivc clcs t',11c111c11ls > ; cc s0 11t ses 111(11>1cs 1>n1olt'S. Il
1
,1,l len<loit clc,nc il cl<s l'Ol1leslnli<,11s, n cles 111oclificltlio11s, voi1e il
1lt'S st1p1l1cssio11s, 1111liv<~cs Jlnt <t 11cl<ttte tlco11ve1te l1isl<>1ic111c, <>tl
1:11 111clc111c n11nl)sc 1,l,1s 11,111ssc cl,1 tex te. - Pn1 nillct11s, il s'nc-
1c1(l1e (les c1lnils 11illo1es<1t1es11 - l{l,n<li<ljR pn1 cxe1111llc - , 1>11i-
,,.," 0 Ces C trnc)IOIIS > fl(llll prcS<'llte11( il reCtlSe Je llllOgnuge.
( :(>111111e 11011s nv,,11s l"<>11li1111 cl lc1111i11 scln ttv1c c a,l 1nr.11tr,n
,, ,,.t o,i s pri11ri11,1l .'- , 11,>11s sn V(llts i, q tl o i not1s en l<!tl i t s11 r l'i 111-
, ,, , 1t 1, 11re C(ltc lt' l">. 1"111y p<lt1v1lil 11llncl1er ces tllt,ils. C:e s0111 <l<'s
<l,111r11ls 111<lhiles fltl 1>et1vc11l cl1n11ger <le 1>locc et 111~111c tlis1>111ni-
t 1r, sn11s c111e ln \'t.~1it fontln1nc11tnle soi t cfflet11f'. Si cl'11t1l1es les
_1c1111>lncc11t, ils Ill~ J>(>t111011I, co111111c les prc111icts, qt1e se1vi1 de
,lt'(or, voire cl'n1)1>11i, il ln 111111c v1it. c Zokn1ins > e11 lnil co11-
. ,11i11ct1. Lo1-sq11c \'(lll~ t1-<>t1ve~ ~o,1s s11 1>lt1111c tel 011 l<'I tlt'lttil c t11,-
cli lion11cl >. ne co11(lt1<'7. 11n~ ltc>Jl ,,il<' n ln conl1n(lic:lio11. Grnllez 1111
1>t'll l'co1ce, votas \'t't1c7. c111c l'l,islc,1iC'11 :;'11bnncl<11111(' 111>llll'lllr,11-
111t11t ou Jlloi~ir <le l'c111slr11i1e n,'ct~ c111clc111cs 111nl1iltt1x qt1i le se~-
\ C'11I, l'a11111senl .. 011 l'c11tl1n11lt'11t ; 1>c>111ln11l, il 11'01>111(,cl1rtnit 111111e
1:1s ln n1ni11 <111 fctt 11(>lt1 jt11e1 (Ille ln 11re111irc f c111111e <le ~tol1n111
F;T nl:.10Ull A L ORIGINAf.,
11,e11(11 le 110111 (le M<>l1n111n1e0,,1.. C(l11clt11c celle Jletile <lig1esslon st1r la Jingt1lstlqtte, diso11s
(rt~ ln soli,til <le la 111se (lu P. 'l'liry ne saurait tre branle 1,nr
Ir, 111o(liJicntio11 <1'1111 ce1lni11 no,nbre <le mots ou d'expressions cla11s
les f11lt11cs fralt1ctions ltt psett(lo-Coran. L'laboration de q11cl<1t1es
t,>11111ures gra1n1nnticnles ne sat1rnienl renverser de fond en co111-
IJle le s~11s gnrnl cles c Actes de l'Islam >. On aura l>eau prci . .
Rcr tic 1>lt1s en plt1s le vocabt1lnire, le P. 'fhry l'a fait, l'occn-
sio11, e11 D)'Bnt reco111s soi l des arabisants professionnels, soit
il ,lt. s 1>e~:son11r~ pnrln11t co111a1111nent 1arabe - , on n'ar1ivrrn
1
j111nnis 'cxpiilse1 <le ce livr la sve jt1daqt1e qt1i en gonfle les

liH11es et les i11le1lig11cs. On 11'en cl1angera pns Ja forme ; on n'er,
f e,n flns <lisparailre les J>ersonnages avec lettrs caractres bien dfi-
11is ; on n'lin1inern s11110111 pas le personnage central snns leqt1el
1irn 11c s<~ sernit 1>nss n I~n Mecr111e el ~1.dine a11 VII sicle,
J>e1s<>1111 nge q 11 i 11' es l flOS Molin 1111ne<I, 1nnis son ins l1t1clet1 r j 11 if.
\'011l<>i1 c11trc1,1e11<lre t1r1(' 11011ve)le lrn(lttclion dans le ht1t <le:ot-
<l111c lt>11l cc c1t1i pctrl ,l<lfllll'r 1aison n c Znknrios > serait rclt1i1r
n 11!'n11l le 1>sett<lo-C:01"n11 e( fnl>1ic111e1 to11t nt1l1e cl1ose.
,\1rssi s>111111<'s-r1,,11s 1>e1s11nl fJt1'11nc not1vclle lrn<l11clion, fnil<'
r1v~<.~ l<>t1lcs les ress,1111c,)s le la li11gt1islic111c et cte ln pl1ilologie, 111e1 ..
l1nit en (?vi<lc11ce Jo <l1>cn <lnnc de l'arnl1e <les Acles > Jlar rnp-
. J><>1t nt1 R)'tinc111e ot1 i, l'o1n111e11, et n l'l1bret1. Ce t1nvnil, q11e J,
I>. '111f1y ovnil ,11,le111111c11t so11l1oil, est co1111nenc. l)e jetttl~s
,,,ie11li1lisle~, s1ict1x et n l'csp1it lih1e, sont n tuvre . l)on~ q11el-
'(tl<'S n1111es, ils Jl(lt11rc>nl p11l>lier les J>re111iers 1st1ltnls cl<> le111~
1crl1e1cl1es. Notas nv<>11s r11 n<)tts 1cn<l1e co1111>le pot1r l'i11stn11I <111c
ltlC's les ex1>1"C'ssio11s 1cligiet1s<'s <les Arlrs ,le l'Islam sont jt1ives, cl<'
rc,11,I co111t11e (le fo1111<'. Cc so11I <les ex111ession~ Lil,Iiqt1es, 111111t'
!<)1~c111'C'llc~ 11c 8e l1,,ttV<'11t pns i11l-.l11ses rln11s des rcils n<lotll~~ ,le
l'A11ciC'r1 'l"csfn111e11t. No11s so111111e~ fonds n sot1po11ner qtte l'n1nl,r
cl~!i Arte.~. <lo11t l'nttl<t11 se111l)le trs solisfnil clans le sot11nle VI,
l(l:i. - ( Cc Ccl1n11 est rn cl11i1c la11g11e ornbe >) - . nest qt1't111
,11,11>(' r,.1t ,lo11le11x. C'est ce111i qt1e po11vnit 1>nrle1 rt c,ir<' t11,
t1n11g<'1, c11 le J>linnt n 1111e fo1111e (le pense q,1i n'avait pes ~nc(,1<'
11<>11, s011 expression en 1,1iliet1 ntRl>e. On ne po~sde 11i grernrnni,r,
11i lcxiq11e <le IR lnngt1e oro1>c, lnblis st1r 11ne lill1at11re q11i n11rnit
<xisl avant les Arlrs ,/P, l'Jslan1. A 1>nrtJr <lu IX sicle, cle nnrM
~1il111111ni1icns et 11l1ilolou11cs n111s11l111n11s 011t essoy. <le (l111onlrc1
c111e )(\ 1>set1<lo-Co1n11 lnit 1111 11n1fnil 111o<lle cle le11g11e orn1>e, pnt'CC'
t 11c tl'\'l~ pn1 Allnl1 1 Ils ont nlo1s lnlJli le111s flictionnoire~ ri
l<'ttts ~1i1111111ni1<'~ it 1>n1li1 (le cc J>tololy11e clivin. S'ils nvoicnt coin ..
11is Il' <'<>11lcnt1 ,le cc liv1e, sa 11nl1tre, so cornpositio11. ~on 011lf't1r, il
11011s sc111blc viclcnt CftlC les ltt<les d'arabe Auraient pris t1ne lottl

DU P. 'GAnn11~L TllER Y A IIANNA ZAKARIAS
'11l1r clirection. Un liv1c c1it J>nr t111 Jt1ir pot1r enscig11er lo reli-
io11 jl1ive, (>Ollr i1lct1lq11e1 le j11<las111e, ne petit pas 1esse111bler
1111 liv1e c1it 11nr tin Arol>c pot1r enseigner 11ne not1vclle religio11
111i
1
serait spcin<111c111c11t nrnl>c. ()r notts avons le livre c1it par le
11if. 1neis not1s 11'nv(>11s 1>0s (le Co1A11 crit pRr l'Arabe. Q11ont
. i 1111l1. il n'crivnit 11l,1s celle 1>c1q11c. Il nvnit dit det>t1is lo11g-
l1111>s to11t ce qt1'il 11v11it n cli1c ; le Jt1if ne 111anq,1e 11ns <le le foire
~ ~'111nrq11cr s011 lve tot1l nt1 lc1ng <les sottrales. Allol1 pa1]Ait
t'l,1cu. 11 serait bie11 lo1111tti1l ,111e l'o1ne (llt c Cora11 > 11en s011f-
il (>OS \Ill JlCU.

.
LA GENESE D'UNE l)ENSEE E'l" D'UNE DECISION
' .
LE PEI\E TIIEI\Y El' LES l\lUSULMANS

llcven1l11s e11 Af1ic111c <111 Nor<I, c11 1010, lo1sqt1e le P. Tl1ry co111-
111c11nil s011 lt1de <lt1 Co,an. li seroil intressant de st1iv1"c les
,lr111n1cl1es ,le sa J>ense 1>ot1r sa,roir c1t1elle poque npproxin1nti-
Vt'tnenl il fttl en J>ossession (le ses co11clusio11s essentielles. Com111c
il 11,n J>ttl>li ses Jl1c111ie1s volt1111cs de c1. ilic1t1e cornniq11e qu'en 1U5:'l,
il est <lifficile ,le fo~11111lc1 11ne l1y1>oll1se 1>rcise. Notts allons 1>ot1t-
l1111l c.ssnyc1, l,ai(le <les lrnvt1t1x qtte le P. 1"111y p11blia ds qt1'il C'll
ct1l le l(>isi,.. el lt1 J>ossillilit, c'est--dire n 1>n1tir de 1944. Jt1sc111c-lil,
il se tll>ro11illait > nvec ln cotll(>licil cl'n111is sfi1s, po111 fai1e (les
l~>11fct1t'11ces. J..,e 27 11111i l!J t l, n 1,lnslitltl ,les llntlcs Elt1<les l\lrlt'<l-
<~11i11es tic llnl>nt. il J>t11I(~ (les co11lncls (le ln 1>c11se cl1rlin11c nvec
111 lll1illS<Jt>l1ie 111t1s11l111nne. Le 5 jt1i11 st1ivn11l, c,cst Rll collge m11s11l-
1111111 clc lez qt1'il cx1,<>sc les 1n111es i,lcs. Fi11nle111c11I, cette co11-
r1C'11cc est i111111i111c ,Jn11s le ll11l/eti1r ,le l'E11scig1te1ne11t Public c/11
lllnroc (<>cl.-(lc. tn.-tt, J>. 2t~7-320). Poyu11l ,I'nt1dace, il 11ne JJOCfttc
()li SC'S alles et ,cn11cs so11t J>ntlic11liren1cnl s11rveilles, il 11ro-
11,>11<.~c n 11ot1vei111 celle C<>nf,~1e11ce Ornn le 4 n1ni 1942, sot1s les
r1t1s1liccs <Il! l'J\ssocinli,,11 (i11ill1llllttc D11,l, <li1ige nlo1s flOl'
l\l11cl:1111c Vi11cc11t. Qt1cl ,,rfcl 1>r<1<l11isaie11l se~ 11n1olcs sl1r les 111t1st1l-
111:111s, - 11los lt'<>Jl 1a1<~s - , Cfl\litl.Jles (l'en np1>1cier ln po1te ?
.Je 11c 1>e11x 111'c1111>cl1cr > , ctil l't1n <l'ct1x nt1 P. Tl1ry nprs n,oi1
,~11lc11tlt1 ln co11f1e11cc (l'01n11 s111 la PJ,ilosopliie ~t,,.~,,1n1ane cl ln
<:,,11,11r. Jlr<rnroi.r., <I{' 1en<l1e l10111111oge la gra11<lc111 cle lo lcl1<'
(ftl<~ v<>t1s nvez ncc(Jt111>lic <lans le cl1a1itob)e <lessein <l'clni1c1 tl<>s
cs1>1ils.
J\. l1nvc1s l'c1ot1lc111enl <le ln civilisalio11 mnl1iRlisle et grlic<'
i, ,,011c n<l111irAl>le cff<l1l, ln s11i1il11nlil ~ORne les curs. En 1ln
l>lis~:111t <'flt1rngc'ttsc111c11l les ft1ils s11r le 1,la11 s1>i1ilt1el, non set1lc-
111e11l V<>t1s ttvez 1cRsc11 les liens cl'amot11 enl1e lotis les t1cs, 1nni~
,,<,11s 11,'e?. co11t1ib11 h ln nnissnncc rle l'Ere ,le s1>i1ilt1olil (1onl le
l\l(lll(IC' llC 1>e,1t nllc11<l1e (ftlC ln Pnix et la Vrril. Ayo11t ossislr f\
,,c,l1c t,)11f1e11re ,lf>1111<\<' ~(lll~ )<' ,,nl1<,nn,:tc clc l'Associnlio11 Ot1il-
l1111r11c l\11(1<~, je 111c 1>e1111r.ls, 111c <lisn11( c111c (le lellcs 111n11ifeRlnlio,1s
:,;,,111 l1()J> 1n1es ,ln11~ 11c,tre ville 11011r lrc pnsses so11s site11cc. cle
,,,t,~ rx1,1i111cr lot1lc 111n 1cco1111r,isso11cc et tc1t1le 111011 n<l1nirnlio11.
''c,11~ servcT. 1111 ,lo11IJle i<l~ol : ccJ11f tic ln ct1llt1rc f1onnisc <~I
ccl11i clc l'E1111>i1c, <Jt1i n J,csoi11, J>Ollr (lt11c1 cl grnn<lir, c.lc v<lit se

l>IJ r. ti,\IJllll.I, 1111:I\ Y A Il \NNA ZAKAI\IAS
ltl>('t sn11s cc~Sl' J.,~ lic11s <111i 1>r11,e11l t111i1 les 1><>t>ltltlli<>11s
:1i"cs n,ax 111nssrs 11111s11l11,nnes >.
f s'est 1lt1 o 1li1c et 11>lc1 c111c c Znknrins > 1,1e11ail les
~ -- ,1111nns n rcl,1011ssc-1>oil, (ftt'il 11'nir11nil J>ns lt's Ara,l>cs a11rs
'-(j>t11 c11 Af1ic111c clt1 N(>1,I, <1t1'il 1e11tlnit llttr convc1sio11
TI,ssil>lc .. etc. S'il n 1>11 lt>1111r1 celle i1111>1ession <lnns ln criliq11e
,1,"c11<l(>-Corn11, 011 ,e11n l>ie1,t<>l 1>0111q11oi. 1~11 fait, il les nin1ail
r , ~l1til ni111. St11lc111e11I, il .11c rccl1c1cl1nil 1>ns ]eu, c111ve1sio11
1111><1rlc q11el ll1ix ; tl(Jll!i ''(ltll(,tts <lire q11'il 11e vo111nil pas {l't111e
,, c1sio11 n,, 1nl,11is, txl(1(1t1fe n r<>111> le J>eliles co11ccssi(>ns 011
,,,lail('S 01nissio11s s111 <c1t:1i1ls cl1111>it1cs <lt1 d(lg1nc cnll1olic111c. Il
1,111nis song p11rcillf' cltlJ>(tic. So11 l>11t lnit <le 1,,,,,nillc1 nvec
clc le11r 01>1>1e11<l1c il t1n,oillct le fno11 (lsi11l1cssc et rntion-
~I,, en to11lc lil>c1l i11tclleclt1C'llc; ln v(~1il 11c 111nnc1t1c1oit 1>ns
- c ft1irc jo11r.
-~ P. ,~11ry est Cil ~11r11c,, 111,,i~ ,l~jn, li ~n r,,o11, il so,,gr n
1
l111i1c ln 1,nix. li 1,1c,(I <111 1,111s l11 g11c1rc 1111(~ 1~1i1tl(lc 1l:1i?c
l1i"lt1i1c cl(1il l1c lt>t1111((; 111c 110s 1i1t>1>c>1ls ,,vec le 111(>ll(ll' 11111s111-
.__, ('Il gf11r111l, Cl Celtti clc l'1\f1<JllC Cil llllt(ictllie1, cl(>VClll s'ltt-
. 11>11 s11r 1111 ~c11li111r1,lnlis11,e 1<li~il.t1x lts ,,n~11c et s111 ,lt\s
. ,:11,,ti,,11s cle l1on11rs i11lcnlio11s, 11tnis s111 1111 pnt1i111,11l(' i11lellcc-
cl ,c,111111,111 c111i 11'a1 j1111111is t,, C:\l>l,,it,~ co111111e il nt11nil ,lit l'~t,e
1 ,. t",Jc,rr 1:, 1,e11sc 11111s11l1111111C' il ln l1nt1lc11r clc ln 1>,~11sc cl1r-
11r. l ..',ct1v1e ci,ilisnl1i,<' 1<' li1 1"11111('(', 1ln11s le <lc11nni11e ile! l'cs-
,1. tltlil li,. En lsl,1111, l'i11ltlligc11<<' csl slrig11n11tc. P(,tlr ltti 1el(,11-
1 ,it cl vig11e111, J>(,,11 lll>lc11i1 ,l'elle 1111 cssc>1 s11lt1l11i1e, il fnttl l11i
0
tt,11c1 clc c111oi elle ,, <'lt~ cn1>n1>1~ n11x J>lt1s )>clics l1l'tt1r~ <le Ron
1
_;,1i1c, ce q11 elle 11(111s n tlc,1111<~- t'<' ((ttc 11c,11s en nv(>11s r,,il. Ai11si
,., 'c n 11<>lrc 11iv<"tt11, ll(>t1s po111rcl11s, 11',111 con11111111 l1111, nl><ltclcr
~ l:ll1l S consl111tti,cs cl'n1>rs-g11c11c.
1
1n \ \',\U x 1,Arr1,o<:11E
_1>,11ln11t ile c ln 1>lt1cc l<,11sicl1n1)1e lt"llttc 1>n1 l'()1(l1c Domi11l-

1, t,l111111e ralisole111 el tl11i111nle111 cln11s le~ 111,1lti1>1es <li1eclio11s
'i11lcllige11ce pcn<l1111t lcs ,i11gl nn11cs <111i 1>1c(lrc11l ln gt1C'11e>
:' l!t:1!l-191 I, le P. 1,1,,,, ., ,lcclr11c :
N<>S effort~ i11lcllecl11cls 1 01g1,niss e l co11scicnl~, lnic11l loti~
11,rs cl't1n 111111e c~1,1it. n1111c fo(>11 ,i 1ilc el soli,le, n(,,1s ovo11s
, , h l'rcnrl lo11t cs1,1it l'ntl<>lclglic111c, l~ctle scil"ncr ,lrs fni1Jlt'~
el<'~ crni11lifs cle 1n lt1111i<'1c. Il )" n 111C'tl:t n fnirc fJtlc l'n1,ologie
1 11 l1>1nn1e 011 cl'1111c .1,,ll1i11c'. Il s11fnt d'en fni1c l't'xgsc. E11
1. l't,l,jcclivit est ,11, sig11C', 1111 si~11c 41e ftl1re et ,le 1,,yn11l 1>1~-
l l ,c'. l~lle est 111,1~ ,111c t'1'1i, : S<'III<' l'oltj('(livil~ n1>1>c>1l(' i, (le~
11its (1C forn1ntio11, tl(' 1,11il(ls(,1,l1ic cl <le 1cligicl11 tlill'1ctlles, le
-
ET RE'f()U 1\ A ionlGINAL 333
'
1>1i11ci1>c ,le Ctl1111,1l1e11sio11 111ltlt1cllc et <l 1111ion. Dieu n'est pas un
1
1>ass<>1111. l~t c'est 1>a1ce <tti'il est objectif Jtt'il nolts regar(le, qt1'il
11ot1s 11111e, ,1u'il nous j lige nvec c syn1pn lliie >, j t1stice et m isri-
co1<le. I...'objeclivil est le pltts g1nnll apostolat de l'i11lelligc11ce >
(E11tr(lie11 s111 la P/1ilosop/1ie ~f11s11lmane ... p. 9-10).
l\l'lisoJ1s l>ie11 atlentivernenl cc texte. La pense du P. Tliry est
l ; sn 1nll1o<le y est claire1nc11t anno11ce. Pns d'epologliqt1e pas-
sion11e : les )lassions sont des c1011s mobiles et frogiles. Seul,
l'ol>jel est solille 1>ot1r 1ossc111bJer les es1lrits, <le quelque horiz(>R
qt1'ils 011ivc11l. . Oit l1011vcr l1occ <le procct1palions c corA11i-
C(ttcs > c11 lott t cela ? Pt1 tie11ce I Not1s al11ions tort d'ottblier q11c le
(l. rfl11y lt1<lie le c Co1n11 > tonclis qt1'il va 11ous parler de pl1ilo-
s01>l1ic. I .. tti, e11 10111 cns, ne l'ot1l,)ie pns. f>ett pett, il dire tot1l C<'
<1,1'il n clitC',
1
111nis J>~s nvn11l l'l,eure. Re1narcJt1ons cette simple
1>l11t,~c <111 il laisse l<>111l)e1 cc>111111e s'il n'nvnit rien d'aulte en lle
Cftlc ln 1>l1ilosc>11l1ie tlo11I i l vn 11011s e11t1clcnir: c Il 11 a mier,x
f ni,r, q11r. 1,11,ologi,! <1'1111 l 10111111e 011 ,11111e doclri11e. Il s11{fil d'r11
{,,;,.,. /'c:t,:o,.4ir. >. Sn11s <111c 1>c1st>1111e 11c s'c11 clt>11le nt, 1no111e11t (>i1
il 1>n1lr, il vise ~((ll1t1111111ccl el le Co1011 . Il J><>sc ses jelo11s, t>tenfl
ses clisln11<.~cs. Q11n111ils se1t>11l 1,n1ve11,1s n 1nol111il, il
es1,,~1e t><>t1vc,i1 e11l1c1 nvec <~t1x (1011s le vif ,111 sujet. Pot11 l'inslntll.
il 11c f1,11I 1ic11 l>111sqt1(~1 ; il fnttl <lo1111c1 la 1nni11 nt1~ 111t1s11l1111t11s
<le lJ(l1111c Vl>lo11 t et les C<lt1<l11i1c 11ne sot11cc o ils 1>1tisse11 l
s'11])1r11vc1 ttvcc flc1t : les 1,l1ilos<>11l1es 1nt1s,1l1nn11s 1ndivat1x.
c J>e11<Jn11l l1<1is ans>, c1it le Jl. 1'111y <lans l'o1,t1sc11lc cit ci-(les-
s11s, j'ni 1cgt11tl ll'S cl1oses cle l'lsln1n, en les' co11f1onla11t sn11s
cesse t1vcc les travot1x <les sav1111ls e11101>ens et l'nposfolnl cAtl1oli-
(fltc. Cc1111111c11t 11ot1s so111111es-nous C<>1111101'ls intelleclt1elleme11t
vis-il-vis (le l'Isln111 ? > - E11 son1mc, r11on<l-il, la 1>l1ilosopl,ic
111t1s11J111n11e n'a jn111ois t nuor(lc 1>011r cllc-1n1ne dans les l11s-
l il11ts OC<'icle11ln11x, cl c11cc>rc 111oins dons les lnslilttls mt1s11lmn11s.
Il fi1ttl <lo11c l'lttclic1 sysl1nnliljt1c1ne11t. Le P. Pl'l1ry 011no11ce
11lo1s 1n 1>111Jlicnlio11 <1'1111 1\1,\NUEI.. OE PIIILOSOrlllE ARABE > qt1'i1
c1ivil Jlcttl-lrc, 111ois <Jtt'il rie }lltl.>lin pRs, el il ex1,ose 1111 vosle
J>1t>jcl <1t1i 11c J>t1l 11111ll1c111c t1sc111e11I J>ns t1e 1nlis : c Etnbli1 1111
cc11t1e tl'lt1<le <le 1>l1iloso11l1ie nruue con11>re11ent :
' I. - nccl1ercl1e <les n1nn11sc1i ls.
Il. - E<litio11 <les textes.
II 1. - Cou1~s :
t O J~lt1,les <l'l1isloi1c (le ln 1,t1iloso11l1ie arobe.
2 Ilislc.,i1e el ltt(le tles lro<l11clions.
:l" l~lt1clcs Rtlr )11 11t~11l1t1lic,11 el ln ,pe1c11~sion cle ln pl1ilosopl1ie
111r1l,c s111 l'lnl,01nli<>11 <le la 1>l1iloso1>l1ie cl1rliennc et frnn-

n1se.
DU P. (iAlll\11:1., 111l~I\Y A IIANNA ZAKAI\IAS
A cet c11se111l,le co11stil11e1oil co111111e t111 ce11l1e cl 1111 111,>110

((t1i
.c tles l11tles n11,l,ico-f1n11niscs, n<ljoi 11<l1e u11e l,il,lioll1q11e
!-i s1,cinlisc c1t1c nott~ 11'nv,,11s Jlns e11co1c el <111i ft>1111e1uil le
CllX e111ut)'OI) <l't111e l)iblioll1c1uc (l'E1111>i1e >.
.
,\NS J., ESPOIT DE PIEnl\E LE
. .
VENEI\ABI.. I~, ET DE l\AY~IOND DE TOLl~OE
'
,roil par oit le P. 1'I11y ~ct1t nllot<ler le prol>l111e fo11<ln111e11-

1lc l'IslR1n. Il s'c11 est (lji, ex1,li<J11 dn11s 1111 n11t1e ot1vrnge tle
1t11c, <lnl c.le 101-1, 1',ll<IP. g1<111,le 1,itlc de la Re1taisso11ce ltl,li-
lr. 1,oi11t de jo11cli,,11 c1rlre les ct1llr1res 111,r.~11l111a1re et cl,rtie1r1rc.
, XIII sicle, no11s 1c11c,l11llo11s n 1',)l<le <le11x Pier1r, l't1n sec1-
1c clc l'o11l1e, t>ic11e (le P<>ilic,s l111(l11iso11l le c Co1n11 > (2) 1>0111
ic11e Le V111nl)ll' ,,1,1, clc Cl1111y. - Pic11c <le P(>liets co11si-
w1c so l1n(ll1clic,11 cc,111111e ln 1>1t't11ite tn1>e <l'11n nl,,,tl11gc >
, ~ is t 1 n I c o 11 l 1e t e , 111 ~ l' o 11 n l, 1>e 1:1i l 1'1 , c1 s ie 111 n 11o 111 I a 11 <'. Le
:,,1011 > 1111c fc>is t1t1(lt1it, il se 11101>osnil >, - c1il le P. 'fl11y
, clc l1niler 1,,11l 1l',,l,cl1cl tl11 1lc <les j11ifs et <les cl11tic11s (ln11s
- l11111s111issio11 tics l~l1il111es. Pt1is, c~1111>(>ig11n11t le s11jct, 011 <l111011-
1,,it tJt1c le Co1n11 11'csl ((tt'1111c (lfo1111nlion es I .. iv1es Snints cl
,,. ~l11l10111el n'est ,,,,'1111 111is1nl)le. E11 co11clt1sio11, 011 i11sisternil
11 ,elle 11oln111nli,,11 ,1t1e le (:t>1l111 el l'ls1tttn 11e s<>ttl <111'1111 tiss11
11lttt111i11nli(1_11s, n1>1>111c11lcs nttx sectes l11li<1l1cs les 1,lus tl11rn-
1ts > (OJJ. Cll., l>. 11).
l\c111n1r111011s c11 1,:1ssn11t <tttc, si 1'011 consicl1c l\10l1n111111ecl
L111111e l'nt1lel11 tilt c (:,11n11 >, <>li co111111c l'uyn11l rct1 sc>i-(lisn11l Jln1
\ l' 1l 1 IiOIl (1i Vi l1C' {\ ' <.,l 1.s (1ll, i1 11 C s, 0 g i t Oh j e C t i Ve 11 l C 11 t q l Ie t 1' l111 1l l n -
,:,1, <lll 11e J>ettl <111c le <111nlifie1 cl'i11111oslct11 . Ccln 1>ct1l t<lt1111e1
:,cil<111,,11t titi 11n1111,l1lel, cl ce1tni11s c1ilic111es 11'011l 1>11s l1sil .
.l',,,,t,es, co111n1c <l11 , .. ,, ,11 n1111,lc111c11I, 011l 1>1f1 t111 S)'llcttis111e
1l i 11 e ,. s () t l (1 1 i C l l. 1: '1]) 1) ,1C l: t t 1J1)' Jle V O11 l l 1t n i C1l 1 ') n 11 l l) l11 C t, n i
~1 ~~11crtis111c. Il <:c,11111,iss,,it llic1t le 11ln11 qttc ltti ovoil 1>101>ns
1111 scc1tt1i1e Pie11c ,1,, }l,,itiC'1s >, ctit le P. rfl11~,. C Il s'c11 est
1, i ; il <'Il n 1c1,1,lclt1il <111el,111<'S ll1r1,1es. l\lnis il s'c11 s1>n1e l<al1t-
.111r11l <ln1,s l'es111il. ()11 1>e11t fni1c 1111c 1c1,101,111<~ ,,111s f1a,1>1>n1,tc.
1
i11e le \'111al>lc l"llllnnis~nit l,ie11 le Co1't111. Il l'ovnit foit , l111-
l,1i1l'. Il l'nvoit rt11,li JJe11(ln11l tl<'s n1111 es. ()1, cl,ose cxl1no1cli-
':1i1c. ,ln11s son ,\,/1 1 r,-.~r,s il tlC' 1(\ ('le <111c <111nl1c fois I l\ln11ifesle-
1t11I. il Ile ,,e,1l ))llS ,\'111,e 01>ol,,~c.;1i,111c 1>1t1yo11te. Il sr 1cfllSC n
1 '11l1t1 <ln11s le clrl,a,t. 11 tlisct1lc tl1t11s le vesli11le . Po,11 cvitcr lot1lc
1li",11ssit111 si1ilc rt 111(11 nssise. il se ln11ce c11fi11 tl,,11s clc g1n11(ls
(2) Exnrlc11,enl. l,it11 t tl<.' Poilic,,~ ,vic;nit le lcxlr lnli11 ,le ln t1n1l11cli<,11
111 :,1,ico lnli1,e elfccl11~c 1>,11 Rt1l,c1l (le l{t:l11c cl llcr111n11n le lJnl111ulc.
El' RETOUR A L'ORIOINAL 335
cx11oss sur 1origi11e el ln vnlet11 tles Liv1es Saints, sur le cernclac
cl les <listi11clio11s <le la I>1opl1tie. Lopologtiqtte, - celle qui nesl
J>ns 11ne scie11ce - , 111nrqt1e 11n l"CCttl srieux. A une apologtiqt1e (le
coit>s co1ps, Pier1e le Vnrnl>le substitue une apologtique tic
1>ri1>h1ie >. - Quant l'a1cl1evqt1e de Tolde, Raymond de Sa,1-
veldt q11i, videmment, n'tait pas tranger ces travaux, il crttl
n celle J>oque qt1'il y avait c 1nicux raire qu' combattre, qttit
fnlloit <l'nbord compren<l1e. Par t111e intitiative inoue, b1isant avec
la ti1nidi l <les trn<luctet1rs d'ottvroges astronomiques, repoussa11t
l'i11>c,logliqt1e <le J>t1gilal, il va oriente1 quel<1ues rudits vers la
t1a,lt1clion tics 011vrages p l1iloso1>l1iq11es. Raymoncl faisait ainsi le
gto111,s qui allait tlcide1 <lt1 sort <le la pl1iloso1>l1ie cl1rlie11nc.
1~11 jeln11t <111ns le pal1in1oine co1n111t1n de ln J>ense les trsors (le
l1\ J>l1ilosr>1>l1ie 111t1s11I11Jn11c. l'n1cl1evqt1e tic 1'ol<le leblissait les
f.tl"Rtl<ls lic11s cnt1e les <le11x civilisalio11s, - n111st1lmane el cl11-
licn11e -, qt1e l'a1>ologtiq11c, celle scie11cc es e111i-esp1its, ou1oit
111 J,risc1 J>Ottr lo11gtc1111>s > (op. cil., J>. 12).
/\l11sr, le P. Tl11y e11 191ILI est <lnns la sitt1ation ,le Pierre le Vn-
, 1obl~. Il l11clie le c Co1A11 > ,le1>uis pl11sie11rs annes. Il ne vet1 t
1>ot11ln11t pas entre, (le plai11 pieellc 11ne npologtiq11e cle pripl1rie. Il vn essa)'er
clc 1nssc111hle1 111ust111nnns et c111tiens sl11 tin point q11'il con11nit
l>ic11 et c111i, pc11se-l-il. ne 1>et1t que les intresser: leur patri1noi11c
1,l1iloso1>l1ic111e co,111111111. Avec et1x, con1me Raymond de Tolde, il
fetn 11vrc e scie11ce ; ils np11renc1ront ainsi <liscuter lil>re111ent
cle to11t ce <111i est clisc11lnble. o. exe1cer lettr raison (lans tous lrs
,l0111ni11es, y co1np1is le~ ltt<les coroniqt1es lo1-sq11e ln 111at111it
,les es111its 1er111etl1a l'111n11cipnlion intelleclt1elle des 1nt1s11l1nn11s
vis-n-vis (l'1111e 01ll1o<loxie into11cl1able.
Pottr l'i11slanl, le P. 1'111y tie11t e11 rserve ses <lcot1ve1les ; il
11e 1>n1lc1a 1>resqt1e .iu111ois cle Mol1n111111ed 11i d11 c Co1a11 >. Qt1'e11
1>c11sc-t-il 1elle111c11l ? }.'11111-il pre11,lre n In lettre les qt1elq11cs
1,l11ns<'s (fll'il lc,11 t:011s11crc <lnr1s so11 liv1e st11 "J'ol(le ? - c I.e
J>1(,1>l1lc, c1iL-il, 11vl1it f11it 1>1ofcssion (le passivit i11lelleclt1ellc ...
li 11'l11il ,111e le l1n11silni1e <le la Rvlulio11 . Lo science dont po1le
l\lnl10111cl cl qt1i esl le p1ivilge tt c1oyant, ne peut lrc d'ot1c1111e
fnc>11 ln scie11ce disc111sive C(t1i se const1uit pnr l'effort (l'orgt11nenls
l1l1111ni11s .. Selo11 lo loi <IL1 J>1(>1>l1le, la roison l1t1111nine est l'o1i-
gi11e tics sectes ((lli 011l llivis les Gens du Livre, Juifs el Cl1rliens.
cl qtti le~ n (llot1111s <le lct11 source doctrinale .. C'est BaRcletl,
sc111s les Al>l>nssi(les <111 IX sicle, pnr l'apport <les tradttclions sy1in ..
co-n1nl,<'s, q11e co111111e11ce cln11s l'Islo111 celte lt1ltc d1a111atique enl1e
l11 lrnclili<lll et la raison, enl1e les ar1ciens et )es 1no<ler11cs, att dlri-
111c11l (ltt Ct,1on. Les 1>a1liso11s du liL1e-a1l,ilre, co111111e les Molazi-

l>U 1. li\111,11.1 .. 1111~1\Y A llr\NNA ZAKAI\IAS
jl,s, !;c1c,11l l,ic11tt'">l lc,11si<l1s ct,111111c ,les l11tic1t1cs ,le 11slt1111 >.
,,,,. ,. ,.,. 1,. 10:i-tu t).
t >11 voit l,ic11 oit il ,cttl c11 V(,.11i1. r.Inis est-il v1ni111e11t persu11<l
1
11,c f\lol1,,111111c,I u ,lil l,111l <le cl1oses ? C1oit-il e11co1e <(lie c le
r l'l)ftl1lc > est l'nttlc,11 titi Cc:,,1nn > ? Settlc llllC cx1>1cssio11 a111l>i-
~11 l>Clll COll\'eltt" R tlll lllllStlllllllll, Oll veiller ses SOlll>OllS, SClllll
~ st'11s 1111011 lt1i <l1,1111c : c ~t,,l1u111111e<l 11'est <111e le tr,,,rsilaire ,le l,1
tlt:1,t;l<1lio11 . Qttel c~I cc gc111e (le t1nnsil ? Et de q11ell~ fivla-
c,11 s~i,gil-il ? - l .. e J>. 'l'l11y 11'n 1>os <lci <l <l'e11 lli1e (>lus <1Ltt1s cc
1,1,1,il ; il ncnlre 1>11s tln11s celle C<>11l1ove1se. Pus enc<>te. (:e r111i
tr111111lc ce 1110111c11t, L'cst ,le f11i1c~ co1111nlrc n11x 11111s11l111t111s lt~t11s
111,,~11es 1>1<lcesst't11s ,l1111s l11 (ll1il<>s<,1>l1ie ; lc111 <lu1111c1 le guf1l <le
es l11<les ; les oitlc1 i, 1clt(>t1ve1 lt'S ves tiges <le lc111 1>11ss i11lel-
'<tl11cl ) oit on 1>ct1l les tlt'co11v1i1, cesl--di1e cl1ez les cl11lie11s
1
1t1i les 0111 1ect1cillis 1,,1s,111c l<'S 11<)lilicic11s 0111l>t'llgc11x <le 1Jsln111
1>111 1>e1sc11t le111s 1,l1ilt,s<>J>l1cs <'l lt1c~ l'i11lclligc11cc. c l...,n ,ly11nslic
ilt~ :1l111f>l11ttlcs 1c1,1s<11lc tlis le <ll\l,,1t 1111 el<11l ,le tlg11ge111cJ1l vis-
, -,is ,l't111 l~ln111 <1tt(' l'(11tl1<>cl,,xie s'ncl1t11ne i111111obilisc1. Cet
'11c,1t cl1011e : l'c11ll1cl1l(1xie 1igi<I<', 11:11lo11t Ott elle se l1011ve, c::;l
l11, 1,t11>lt1el fc1111c11l clt' 1vt,l11lit)ll i11l1ie111c. Lu cns11isli<Jtte cu11-
lt1it cli1ecle111c11l ,,c1s ltt lo111l1c. S1,11l(:res hla1rclris, nvnil (lit le
:l,,isl aux c111111t11s <le l:t lclt1c. A,ec Y<>ttssef el-l\l:111so111, l'lsl:1111
1111nltroil ...(l\lt1is) lo 1><'1sc,1lit>11 t\l1110l1ntle, fo1l l1c111c1tseme11l,
1,111,sse sou l>ltl. l~llc 1c,jclle snvt111ls el 11l,iloso1>l1es t\tnl>es el j11ifs
I<,. ln ter1e ,l'Isla111 el, (ltt 111111c cc,111>, elle 11asse n ln cl11lienl le
ll,11111Jent1 <le ln ci,ilisnlit>11 > . 'f<,ltle 1ec11cille l'lsl:1111 el le l1ons-
,1,l 11,,x 1.,ti11s et t111x cl11lic11s > (()JJ. cit . 11. 123-12-1).
C.()NC.J.. US IONS l\.-\'11t)NN r~1 .. 1.1~s. ,rr l'A11ENCE ~I ETIIOl>IQlJE
IA'o11v1ngc s111 ..l't,lt'(lc, 1111c 11011s ve11011s <le cilc1, occt1pc t111e
,l:1,c l<1gic1t1e ,t,111s lrs l1,,,,nt1x (l'1tt(li lio11 <l'l1istoi1e lill1nire
11lt (livole, BtlX(JllCls le 1>. 1'111)' se COllSRCrail (lCtltlS 1926. Il y
01
:l1lc i11<liff1c111111<'11l, c,,111111c il l'tt f11it n11l1iet11c111('11l 1 le 11l1ilo-

11>l1cs 01nl,es 011 tic 1,l1il(1so1ll1cs 11111s11l111011s, <le 1>l1il<>c,01>l1ie 01nhe
,.,, clc JJl1iloso1>l1ie 11111s11l111n11c. E.~1-ce p111e i11difT1e11ce st11 l'e111-
11lci clc ces te1111cs ? 011 rcsig11nlio11 Jlnssnure pn1ler co1n1ne to11t
111c,11<le, e11 all< 11,ln11t l'occnsio11 fnv,)1:1l>lc <le 1>rog1csse1 vers flrs
1
1t''l'"io11s l<lurcles clc se11s et cl'i11le11li<,11 ? D011s. les 011v1ngr.s a11t-

1 i,111s il l!J 10, 011 J>(>1111nil c1oi1e n 1111c' l('lle in<lifTre11ce. A llts, 011
11,,. le t>Cttl pltts. Il s'ngil l't11,c 111n1cl1P (l ' n1>111ocl1e, ,l'1111c scl1le ,le
11:1ct1li<111e. Pcltlr c11 j,,~~1, ln liste' <les ot1v1nges c111e le ll. 1'111y
,,, 11ns Jlltl>lis rsl ltt'1111ctlllll t)ltl!i sig11ifict1live, l't><l<Jttc (Jtti 11ot1~
i11l,~1l\s~e. -1915 -, c111e cellc <les <ct1v1es <ljn 1>u111es. E11 effcl, e11
1!J If>, il annonce :
ET n1rroun A L'onlOINAL 337
l. l~l,1tlc s11r l'ins1>i1'nlit>11 clc l\lnl10111et et S\11" )'origi11nlil (ltt
(:c)tt111. (A cl, ev, no 1, ll ttbl i).
2. llil)lic1g111pl1ic t1cs 1>l,ilosopl1es 1nt1sul1na11s. (En cours de 1>1-
1>n ta li 011).
!I. l\ln1111cl ,le 1>l1ilos(>J>l1ie nrobe. (A 1>arailre 11rocl1nine111ent).
Jlic11 cle l<>ttl ccln 11'n 1>ort1. f\1nis ces n1111011ccs 11ot1s 1>e1111etle11t
<I<~ co1111>rentlre que, lo1sc111e le P. 'J"l11y 1>111,linit ses t1uvet1x star
'l"t)lcle, 'l"lc111ce11, l\1a11nl{ecl1, etc . , il tait tlj fix sttr l'i1zs1,ir<r-
lio11 cle l\lol,ammetl <~l st1r l'o1igi11olil dtt c Co1nn >. Il 11e fnt1l 11ns
Jo11gle1111>s i1 tin tl1c>logie11 1>c111r s'n1>c1cevoir c111e le c Cornn > est
tl'1111e 1,n1fnilc nttllil en fnit <le Rvlltlio11 <>tiginnle. Q11011t l11
v1il1,l,le ltt<lc J>10111ise 11n1 le P. 'J"lary st1r l'i11spiralio,, ,le
l\1 c,11 lit 11111 ecl, c'est c II tl 1111 n Zn ka 1ios > q li i no11s 111 (lon ne1n : l'ex (l(ls
111ogisl111I (le ln tl1<>r~c <le l'ins1li1ation, <lo11s ln ,,,farr. 011 111c1,1ir1
vc,llllllC <le C l>I~ ~l()ISI~ A 1'1()11A1'1MEI) >, Ile J>Clll 1>0s ex1>ri111e1 n11l1e
<:l,osc <1 tic ln pens<.'c <le lo11jot11s clt1 J>. 1'111y, cloclet1r en tl,ologie.
l>c1,t1is 1U,I() <lonc, il n11rn }la lien l J>e11<la11l 15 n11s }lo111 ne t>n~
l>r11sc111e1 ses a111is 11111~11J111n11s. De te1111ls n n11l1c, il fnisnit 1111e lt'tt-
lttlive li111i,lc, posnit 1111 ja1011 snns trop insiste1, s'nl,n11<lonnuit n
1111c C(>nli,lc11ce <ln11s lttcJttcllc il glissnit qt1elc111e v1il 1>1e111i1c s11t
11n l>11 n111icnl. E111!1 115, cln11s 1111e co11f1c11ce st1r 111istoirc <le Tll'111-
cc11 1>1<,11,>nce d<'vn11l <les 11111s11l1nnns, il <lclntnit : c 1. . c Jlto1Jl111c
<les 11011vcn11x conqu1011{s cle l'lfric1in cl tlt1 ~ingl11e n'lnil JlUS 1111
1>1<>l,]111c 1eJigie11x, <lt1 111oi11s it l'origi11c. Et celn est facile b co11-
ccvoir 1,0111 qr,i a 111 cl a11al!JS les versel.'t cl11 Cora,,. Et je vais vc11~
(lir<.', jr. le ,li. po11r la ,,,en1ire fois, 111011 i<le exnclc s111 celle
c111rslio11 crtt>ilnle flonl 011 1>ct1l po1ler objective1nent et lot1t si111-
1>le111<!11t c11t1c nmis.
c J,.,e Pro1>l1te <le LA ~fccqt1e 11e pot1vail pns concevoi1. no1,rnit
1>11 111~111e i111ngi11c1, 1111e s1ln1nlion st11 le Jl1ol,l~1ne rclit,{iet1x e1\t1c
11111s11l1nn11R el cJ11tie11s. Ils s'nl>rettveient en effet la mme s011rcc.
l . . c C.01n11 }lti111ilif 11'esl 1><>int une 1f11lelion de )Ancien Tesln-
111e11t <'l cle l'Evangile. Cl11 tie11s et 111us11l1na11s sont ge11s <ltt Liv1e
Ele1,,~1, e11 l1111gt1cs <lifTrrc11lc's cc1lct1clonl. Le Jlroul1nc cle l'lsln111
1,1i111ilif 11'"sl )lns 1111 1>1ol>l1nc <le co11ce11t reli~ic11x. C'est 11n Jl10-
l>l111e (le cliulC'cles el ce q11e cl1crcl1enl at1 VII sicle les no1tv('nt1x
co111t1rn11ls (le l'lfriqin cl rlll Megl,reb, ce n'est pas la co11versio11
cltt 1>nys, c'est la s11jlio11 ,/11 /JCll/J/e , (Tlemcen. p. 20). Relf'no11s
l)ic11 celle ,lc1ni1e t>llt'nsc ; elle sera le pivot de l,altittr(le cl11 P.
'l'l1r1y lo1~qt1'il Jln1v1e11rl1n ntt bout de ses cffo1ls po11r librer l'i11-
lc'lligl'11cc (le ses nn1i~ 1n11s11l111ons. Mais e11 ntlcndent, il vie11t <le
1<~vPlc1. l'll y 111clln11t les f<,1111t's, le ro11(I ,le sn flense : itol1n1n111r,l
1
(\tnil i11cn11nlJ1e (le c<1t111,1e11<l1e l objet 1>1cis 1lt1 dbat <'nlre jt1irs
(= 11111s11l1111111s) et cl11tie11s ; le Co1nn pri,nitif (,rotez l'pil/1fc)
11'cst 1>ns 1111c 1ft1lolion tic l'Evangile ou 11ne correction cle l'A. T.
22
DU P. GAUI\IEI.. TIII\Y A IIANNA ZAKARIAS
(rest-n-di,e : il est n1rl1e c/1osc qr1e les c Acle& de l'lslant > lei&
:,,,r les 111r1sr1l111a11s ,,,al,es les 011I co111pris) : le vroi Corn11 primitif
,,est q11'11ne versic>n (llt l~ir11c l~tert1t'I, c'csl--<lire de ln Bible. Qt1es-
<>11 t.le (linlccles. J.,es .Jl1ifs cl les Cl1rtie11s n'ont pas besoi11 (le se
,,11ve1lir cc IJiv1c ,1t1i est le )cttr ; n11ssi, les Aral>es n'avoient-ils
1:1s co11,,e1lir le~ l1t1l>iln11ts de l'If1i(1in et dtt Mngl11el, la reli-
~~ic,11 tl11 ,,,oi C<,11111 ; c'lnil _c11fo11cer 11nc 1>01te 011ve1le. Leur con-
;1t1tc 11e pot1voit ttv<,it cl'nt1lre l>ttl ,111e la s11jlio11 dtt petrple. -
J.. c J>. 1111y s'nl>slie11l ,le tlvelo111>er sa pe11se. Pl11s tard, il le
f<.\1n. Po11r l'l1e11rc, il jclle 11ne se111e11ce. Pet1l-lre gcrmera-t-cllc
liez qttclc1t1es es1>1ils c111ic11x, les 1>ot1ssn11t o. <les q11estions et
I<\~ 1eclaercl1es p111s 111cises. Il fnt1l laisser Je temps ncco1111>lir son
c11vre.
(Jta'rsl-il nlve1111 cf,, 1:t ll1,/ioy1,,11l1ie cles p/1iloso1,l1cs m11s11l-
~,,,,,,,,,1 ,/,
,11111s et ,lt1 J>/,il<>.~np/,ie 11111s1r/1nane ? - Le P. Tl11y y
111vt1illnit fe1111r, c'csl cr1lni11 ; ses c1i ls e11 po1te11t nll11l)ilol,lc-
111t1,t ln 111n1(1t1c. l>o111c111oi, t'tt (lfi1,ilive, 11'n-l-il 1ie11 1,ul>li ?
l:11l1011s (ln11s le ru111s <le' ses 1>c11si\cs et (le ses rniso1111c1ne11ls. l'eut-
~ 11c l1011ve1ons-11c111s 1111c cx1>licnlion.
) Il fn11t ll'aloc, J><111r cle,1:'lt 11,iscl1ls. J.-11 1>1r111ii!re, c'est q11e l'A1ul>ie 11'a rie11
1 ,t1,lt1il tl:111s cc clc>111:,i11<'. )Jn clcttxi111<', c'est qtte ln 11I1ilc,s01>l1ie
~c,111111e l<'llc 11'0 11ns etc 11nlio11nlil. Pct1l-clle nvoi1 t111e rcligio11 ?
J~c,11. Et c'est 11011,(Jtl<)i, ('lt lot1lc 1ig11et1r clc te1mc~, on 11e so11rnil
,,,,,1,,1 ,le 1,I1ilos<>11l1il' 11,,1.11l111a11e. (ln ne peut 1>lt1s g11re 1>a1ler
'1111c 11l,ilnsopl1ie 11111.11/111n11<? que (l'une t>l1iloso11l1ie c/1rtie1111e.
l ). n la ,,1,;I oso11/1ir. ll>tl l co tt ,t, co111 me il y a 11 ne l1is toire tout
>1111. La 1,l1iloso11l1ic csl 1111c 1ccl1c1cl1e relio11nclle J>ar <les mtl10-
,l<'S 1ntio11nelles. c l . . 'rx1,licnti<>tt ('f ln j11slificolion <le dog1nes reli-
i,11.1 11'e~l 11ns cltt 1csso1t <le ln 1,l1iloso1>l1ic. De 1n111c <Jtte l'e1111>loi
I<'~ 111nll11nnlic1t1cs en nslrono111ie relve <le l'oslronomie, ainsi
'<'1111,loi ,le ln 11l1il(ls<,11l1ic l'll ll1ologie relve cle ln tl1ologie. I"'n
1,l1iloso11l1ic 11c <lcvic11l cl11licn11c CJttc pnr son ol>jet, to11t co1n1ne
~:11ll1ologie. Il )r n tt11 cli111nl et llcs tlogmr.s 110111 ln thologie ; il
') a pos <le 11otion 011 ,le 1eligio11 1><lttr la pl1iloso11l1ie > (Enlrelie11
1). 21). Dn11s l'Isln111, 1111<' t1oisir111e 1niso11 j11stifle le rC'ftts ol>soltt <le
1111lificr 1111c 1,l1il<>sn1>laic ,le 11,,1.11/n1,111c : c'est le cn1nclre nl1so111-
11t'11I onli-11l1ilos(111l1iff ttc tlt1 c Co1n11 > ll1i-1111ne : c cl'ttne fao11
,,,asricntc, pot11 !-;Ot1clC't' l'1111it tlolitico-r<'ligicttse <1e son pe11ple, le
,,1n1,l1rte n for1tt('llc111c11I i11ter<lit lot1l t1sngc de Ill rnison <lisc111sive
,l1111s les p10l,l111cs 1<'ligic11~ ... Jlo111 11n c1oya11I, il 11'y a q11'u11e
tir11cc. ln foi. l~'i,/jti,ln,I. l'e{{ orl i11frllerl11el ot1 ln pot1sse ,te l'es-
"1il 11c rC'11l1c Jlns ,li111s lt'~ cli1ccli,,cs 01igi11r.llcs clll (:01011. Pl1ilo-
sc,1,l1ie, n1ysliris111<', (lc,1c,11l 1,011r co11c1t1rir le111' (l1oit n l'exis-
1
lt' 11t(~. btiser les 1, ni <' 1rs ct>10 n iq tl es, 011 1n~1ne li l 1c <Jll e lo So1111-
ET RETOUR A L'ORIGINAL
nl1 q11i esl, sans at1ct1n <loule, un tmoig11oge de respect la vie lt1
J>101>l1te et celle de ses pre1niers disciples, mais qui reJlrse11te
fon,ln1ncnloleme11t t111 clT01t <le libration vis--vis de la lettre
co1nnic111e c (Ibid, 25).
En fnil <le J>l1ilosop11ic n111.11ln1a11e, nous huions par consqt1e1,l
s111 1111 11nnl, <le fnit et (le pri11cipe. Y a-t-il <lu moins des pe11se11rs
a,abrs ? Le P. "fl1ry 11nsse en revt1c tous les penseurs qtti r01-
111ent, 11ot1r ai11si di1e, comme l'ossalt11e <le l'l1istoi1"e pl1ilosophi-
c111e tle l'lsln111 ; con1hien 11et1t-on com1>ler d'Arabes > ? - En lotit
et 1>0111 10111, un settl. Et cet uniqtte, le P. Tl1ry le le11r grignote e11
ln11t c111'nrabe, le lct1r C't1lve en lont qtte 1,l1iloso1>l1e. AI-Kintli est
11 e11 letre con<Juise, c1'1111 pt"e go11vernet1r <le Ko11fa; son g1Rnl-
111e nvnit l go11ver11e11r llossore~ et Al-l{incli ovoit tudi Ilns-
St>tn el o. Dagda<I, nc>11 1>011r fo.ire cle la pl1iloso1>l1ie mnis, selon ll>11-
J{l1t1l<l<>t111, <le l'nsl1ologic. Si l'on veut to11t prix consi(lrc1
Al-l{i11<li comme u11 1>e11seur nroc, on peut lottl j11sle dire qt1'il c~t
1111 1>1t>lc>l)pl>C pns t1s 1>tt1, exl1iet11 )' Arabie, et clo11t 011 11'1t
j n111 n is I i1 d'a tl tre cxe111 pl o i 1e.
J. . c>gicr11e terrible et lcevante. Si le Coran rer11se l'usage <le ln
111is<>11 (lisc111sive cln11s les probl1ncs 1eligie11x, le 1>l1ilosopl1e c1 t1i
l(111cl1c il ces 1>10l>l1ncs est f nlnle1nent 1cjel 11nr l'Islont. Il 11'y n
cl,>11c 11111s (le 1>l1ilosopl1c 111,1s1rlma1t }lropre111e11l parler. Lo co11-
(~l11sic111 est rigot11et1se, cl il fottl s'y le11ir.
Il fn11l s'y le11ir, et 1>011rtn11t .. Pou1lnnl l'l1isloi1e de l'lslatn fnil
s<11111c1 le 1101n t1c 1>e11sc11rs c<~ll>1es. m111e s'ils 011( t expttss lltll"
t111c 01tl1o<loxie i111l1cile. Voil cc11x qu'il fat1t suiv1e. Mois co111-
111enl tlirc cela nttx 1n11s11l111nns ? Le J>. 'fl1ry J>ense q11e l'isst1<'
cle la guer1c en Afrique <111 Notll sera l'occnsion d'11ne eff ervesccnce
<les es11rils, cl't111 hcsoin <1'in<11>endance, cl1ez les m11sulmn11s. Il
ve11l cn11nlise1 cc 1no11vcmenl vers un veil cle l'i11telligen~e nt1x
p1obl111cs 1>l1ilosopliiqt1es : il ldcl1e de s11sciler l'enll1ousinsme po111
les g1nncls l1ommes de l'lslun1 qtti ont tent d'ottvrir une b1cl1c
cln11s le 111111 J>nis <les i11le1<lils cornniq11e9 : c Pl1iloso1>l1ie, n1ysti-
cis111e rlev1011t, flot1r co11qt1ti1 leur droit l'existence, briser le~
l>n11i1es coraniqttcs ... Cc1>cndanl, l'intrieur (le l'Isla1n el n la
li."i,e ,Ir, Cora11, 011 J'et>osnnt sttr ln pointe s11bjecliveme11t aigt1i-
Rl~C tic <111cl(Jt1cs textes corn11iq11cs, il y a11ra <les 1nystiqt1es 111ot1-
vn11ls C<>111111e IL11 Al Ilosnn, lb11 Mo11sot1r, Al-llallftj, des pl1iloso-
J1l1cs q11i co1111>le11t 1>01111i l<'s g1ons 1>enset1rs de l'l1t11nonit. S<>t1~
1>1texle c1t1'r.11 rig11e11r de ternie& 011 1re perrl parler de pl1iloso11l1ir.
._,,1,,,a,1r.,
111,, . q11e pnr nille111s 011 11e pe11l rallac/1er ar.1 Coran co111111r,
et .~a so111rc l'e.Tpn11sio1i pl,ilosoplique dr.s m1rs11lma,1s, oscrnil-011
1cli1l'r i1 l'lsla111 ln ~lc,i1l~ (l'nvo1r 11oss<1 <le tels pensc11rs ? S011s
1,1tcxte (ftt'ils 011t el 1>c1sct1ls, ban11is. q11c Je11rs bil,lioll1c111e~
011t t 1liln1>ies J>or Je11rs co1ligionnoires, vo11<1rait-on les rcftJ-

DU r. GAOll lEI., 1111~n Y A IIANNA ZAKARIAS
1 1 - i1 l'fsla1111 ? Des C's1,1ils g1i11cl1c11x l't>11 t 1,e11s el (1't111c1111e fno11

,,,, 11< ,ot1l<l11s les s11iv1c cln11s cclll' ,c,ie. Pottr 11011s, Al-l{i11<li,
i11;iJ,i, Al-(inzzli, 11>11 Iloscl1tl, 11111 Si11a, 11>11 '1,ofol. bie11 (Jlte
,,11lt'S cl lracnsss, t1J>11111(ir1111e11t n11ll1e11tic111e1nent l'Isla111,
,, /-;/,1111 q11i ,, clbor,l /1! Co,nn ... l\l111e s'ils n'ovoie11l lnl>or
lt1111<' (locl1i11e 11e1~01111ellc, le111s co111111e11lni1es co1nJllernie11t
1i les J>ltts cfficnccs 1>0111 )a. co11slilt1lion d'11ne 1>l1ilosopl1ie
. ,_,1,,111e >. - Co111111c l(>lll cc-ln est l1nl>ilc111ent ,lit I Contin11ons :
t:1 111is, 11ou1 1eft1se1 i, l'ls1n1n ces ~1n11(ls 1>l1ilosopl1es, 1n111e
L..:1-t(>1n11ic111es, il fn11(l1:1il ll\'C>r 1>ct1 cl'cx1>ric11cc ,le ln vie. C'est
1,ai1( c1uoli<lie11ne cle 1c111l1e1 n1,1fs lct1r tnorl C(\tlX qu'on a
.,~,,11lrs tl111Rnl la, vie-. N,,11s e11 co1111aissons cl'il]11st1es exc111-
lc"' Il )' n lc,11le 1111c n1,c,lc,gti,111e (fll est co11slrt1ite s111 1111c 1ct1-
1, 1i,111 tles cc11cl1cs ... 'J',>11,111I ro1111,tc drs 1emarqr1cs q11i prc-
, 11111s co11li1111c1cl11s tl<>lll" i, 1>n1Jc1 (le 1,l1iloso1>l1ic 11111s11l111n11e,
,~, 11,/,11,l 11n1 l,i les J>l1il<,scl1ll1cs l1e l'Isln111 >.
( >11 le v,,il, il y n en11cc,,11> (le.~ 111101,c~s el c)c lisli11clio11s <ll111s
- ''"les. Il J' n s111lo11l ln 1ccl1c1cl1e cl'1111 <'<>11lt1cl el <l'1111e n111iti
11,I<'. l~e P. rl'l11y ,,1<111c 111111e ]es 1niso11s Jln1lic11li1cs q11c
,1-. cl1111i11icoi11, pe11l 111t\ll1c C'll ,,,i111l 1,c,111 t'11l1e1,1e11,J1e ce t1n-
,1J _:1, ct 11111()111' ,,is-i,-vis clPS 11111s,1l111n11s: Il,11 rl,ofttl, 11)11 nosC'l1,1.
11 ,i,crcl1"1I, '\'<lttscif, t1<>is 11cl111s (Jtle l:1 g1n11,Je l1istoi1e i11lellcc-
. t' cl,, l\l11gl11cl1 1Jc1l>P1c (l,,il 1111i1 tl1111s 1111c pince cle cl1oix. lis
' ,i,111 l(,tls les 11,lis f\ll111:11,ccl1 1,011r <lisc11ler ()c ln 1>]1iloso1>l1ie
. .-...;"'rc,lc I Ceci S<' 1nssnil l'II 1lD. E11 rrlte 111111e nn11c 1111issnit
1l:1111~~a 1111 c11fn11t, l>,1111i11go fle Gt1z111n11 Les vttcs cle Oie11
1i11"(>11cl11l>lcs. C'Psl scltl (l1,l1e, le 11111s 1es11eclt1e11x de lo11lcs )es
l:111il"t,l:1lio11s cle l'i11lclligc11t"C )11111111i11c, (Jtli n111n co111111c 111ission
, .....u i,t,,11licllc (le 1ect1cilli1 li, u1nn,lc fl,,1t1is<l11 Jitlrnire cles pl1i-
1l11's 11111st1l111nns, 111isc n sn J)c11l<' (l:1 1 le~ l1n, nt1x clc To1<le.
1
,, l':1i1e l'n11a1lyse. cl'e11 t~li1l,li1 l111e 1ig<>t11e11se c1iscrir>1i11nlio11, et

. 111lilisc1, selon ln 111cst11C', cln11s ll~S !!011,lioses SJ'sl111es <le IR
11, t:1ll1<,liq11c. E11 c1i, :111l l'lli.filoi,r ll11n1ai11e ,le ln n1or1l~c ,le
1
l1i/,,."''J'l,ie r,r lfriqi,, ri ,la11.c: le !.ln[1l1reb a,, XII sierlr., je

j:1111ni~ 1>e1tl11 <le v11e ()lie j'c1ivnis 11nc 1>nge t1e ln J>tl1isloire
L- 1111111 ()1,l1e. C'est ,,ne J>ngc n11ssi, cl (les 11)11s l1clles, <le ln
,J,, ci,,ilisnlion 111<lilC'11n11~e11ne fille 1>c1son11e ne pe11t no11s
, : lli:tt1e rl Oclyssc. I<' 1'.)'111111<' clt1 ,c1]>(' A1islole, ln logic111c
1
1:, ,lr,,ile 11ense ... I... c Cl11isl, ln 1~le st1 r 111i11e,,te <le jt1slicc, de
11 ilt; <'f cle viC', Je pl11s l>en11 tlcs ~ltlilr rrnncns ... >
1 , c1ici jclrcs les bases cl'1111 1n111,1oc'l1c1nenl, ovcc t111 e11tl1ot1-
~- .,,,c le P. rl"l1t) \'()\lcl111il COllllllllll( JIICI' 0 ses Olltlilet11s 011
c,,
fit 111 't 11111 s 111 11 1n 11s : I~' l I is I t >i r e c1~ s t 11 n 11 I s cl e l n 1, 11 i1,l s o Il 11ie
11 r i111e cl11 No1<l 111',1111t1C' n 1111<' 11e11se fi11nle : cl1rliens <'l
11111;111s, 11011s avo11s tics <lctles 1ci1110<1t1es. I.A'Islo111 n )nl>ot
ET RETOUR A L'onJGINAL 841
les 1>1e111i1es syntlascs de ln 11e1)se n1islollicien11e. Ceci, c'est cle
ltl g1n11,le l1isltlire. Qunn<l l'ls)n111 a refus lui-n1me ses propres
S)'llll1ses, l'Eglise Catl1oliqt1e les n 1ecueillics el en les recueillant,
C'lle les n snt1ves. C'est cle ln g1n11de co1111>rl1cnsion. L'histoire <les
civilisnlions 11ot1s a11po1te oinsi llcs 111olifs d't111ion, <linlelJigencc cl
tic reconnuissance 1cip1oc1t1e qt1e rien, nbsol11inenl rien, ne satt-
tni l 1en1plncer >. (Ptf ace 1r11e liistoire s11r l' e11tre de l' A{riq11c
<Ill Nord da11!~ le circ11it de la pl1ilosopl1ie n1,livale).
Ceci lnit c1it e11 10-16 el le I>. rl'l1ry ajoutait en posl-scriptu1n:
Le }Jlan <111c je viens de trncc1 tln11s celle lucle est excttl. Il
con11>1c11d t1<>is volun1es q11i 11nrnlront, si les circonstances sont
f nvo,nl>les, et J)iett ni<la11t, en 1017, s011s le tilre <l01111 }lltts l1a\1l :
1/isfoirr. J,1,n,,,i,,r.de la mo11le ... etc.>. A111lnrnvnnt, il avnil 1111bli:
<:011u,~rsalio1l 'fflarralecl1 e1i 1 t(i!J ... Runlirlio,r e11 E11rope J>ttis :
1111e Fet,1,a ,111,,i Ro,'icl,,I (g1nntl-1l1c <l'A,e1ros) .r;11r le premier
11q11r. ,it? 1lla11al,ec/1 ,i l'11or111c Aln1ora1,i<ie. Il nvnit n111to11c sn11s
I(~ 11l1li<'t' 011 voit 1nni11lc111111l J>C>t11qt1oi, A,,x 01igi1,e. dr. 11.'i/n111.
1
11 11c J>t1l,li11 tns 11011 t>ltts les l1ciis vol11111es (le l'/Ji.,~loire /11,n1ai11e .
1.. cs cit'<"(>11slt111ces 11e f111e11 t 1>t'<>l>,1l,le111c11t 1>as jugces fnvornlcs .
A'"rl'ITUl>E l>l~S ~IUSULMANS
I~,, enet, le J>. ~J,l11y n <>ff e1I 1111x 111t1st1l1,1nns ,l'Af1i<Jlte cltt No1<l
le l1i1vnillcr nvt'C cttx h 1cttt>1c1 n1>r~s )et1r 111orl cet1x <JU'o11 11
1,ersl~c,1ls J111n11t la vie >. Il n exl1t1111 ]es grn11tls no111s cl Jes
g1a11(les <~11vrrs ,111 1>nss 1>c,,11 les 1eslil11e1 n let11 pnys et o lcu1
11c111>le; 011111ix {l'11n l1nvnil n1tl11, il n'oIT,nit t>ns sc11lc>111cnl lares-
lil11tic111 cl'1111 c1111itol 1111, 111nis nvec les i11l1ts, c'est--tlirc e~ec
l<>t1le l'lnl,or1,tio11 qt1e les g1n11tls 11c11se111s cl11liens nvnienl ft1it
st1l1i1 n11x ncq11isilions ,les 11111st1l111n11s. Et il lt1i se111blnit c111e les
111cill( t11s <'l les J>l11s inlellige11ts <les n111s11l111n11s nllaienl ncc(111ri1
1
,,c,s ln l111,1i1e. ()1, l'nn1<1111 rl l'i11lellige11ce dtt P. 1,J,ry sont lom-

L s n 1)ln 1. (: () 111111 e O 11 C' il C11C z 11 0 l l s, e n n n l O li r i1 f R l I l Il" e (1e l 1]l
C'esl 1111 111i11i111t1t11. Le P. tl~l11y s'est lro11v ect1l. L'a11lre (lnrle-
11,,i,c, c11c1of1l (lnns sn to11,c111 ir1lcllecll1elle sct1lnire, n'a 1ien
vot1l11 e1,te11tl1c, n'n 1ie11 co1111>ris. Il s'occt1pail rl'a11lre cl1osc : ,le~
n~ilntc111s 1>nle11ls cl nvicle:i (le 1>ot1voir co111me11nient it ncct1ser
lit F1nn<e le 11'nvoir J>ns fnit so11 tlevoi1 l'<lttcalrice, ile 11'avoi1
s1,11g q11'h CXJ>l<lile1 le }lnys. Alc>rs, le P. rl,l11y va clire ce qtt'il
1>c11se. Cetlc~, il 11'nbn11,l011ne Jlns ln 11n11ie. l\1nis ln racine ,le l'igno-
1n11cc, il vn ln stig111alise1 sn11s 11111ngcn1c11ls ; ce cl1oc ouvrira pe11l-
t1e 1111c l11cl1c ,l011s l'i1111110l>ilis111e sl11pit1c des es1>1its.

1 '
,,J ' )
.. l>l' r. (,.\llnlt.:I .. 111~1\Y A IIANNA ZAKAI\IAS
t
111:c.rt)I\ l)E Nt)ll\l.11 U - LES nESl 10NSADII.ITES DEL ISLA~I
.\ 111i i11cc,111l>c cet t'lnl ,l'ig1101n11cc? Ce1lni11s in(lignes,

1:11111:1<ic11s, 111<lccins, 1,1orcsset11s ,Ir lyce-, qt1i 011t fait lct11s
,..,J , 1,I, " et, }t'1n11ce. ,et1le11l 1t,jcle1 li, fn11le stir ]n Mt1011ole. l\tnis
,., .,,,s si11c1es. Ln Frt111cc 11'esl l<llll clc 111111e pns rC'S)>onsnl>le,
11 " 11111st1l111nns 1,1ni11licn11c11t lct1rs fe111111es dnns 1111 lolnl escln-
,~,, 111,,,nl et i11lcllcct11c), s'ils exigent enct>rc 011 XX sicle le 1>01l
1 ,',111 lill1n111 f(tl recc>11vrc le ,,isnge ,le lct11s fe111mes el d'ttn lill111111
l,t :1t1c<,111> 1>l11s p~s1111l (llti C't111>cl1c cl,l'z elles lo11lc volt1lio11
'i11l<lligl'lltC et (l'n111c. l . 'C's1,1il ,rol11c1a Cil Isln1,1 le jotll" oil les
111111,s j(111i1u11l <l't111c lil,<1t 11or111r1IC'. Qt1n11l 011x l1c11111nes, ils
1111 :1i('ltl <'Il ll' lc1111>s (I< s'i11st111i1c tt\',111l l'n11ivc clcs F1n11nis e11
l 1i(1t1r (ltt N,>,<1. Il ~ n sc1,t sicles <fltc l'Afriq11c ,l11 Not(I lnit
, , 1 1-..11l111l1ne. E11 sc11l si',l<'"i, (>11 11vnil lt! te11111s <le fo11lc1 (les ccl-
, ~ 11,>1>11l:1i1cs, cle t"t'lt 1111 c,l111n11I lt~111c11tni1c <lP rt1lltt1c i11tcl-

l cf 11( 11<'. ))0111<1t1oi IC'fl 111t1"11l111:111.; 11c l'<,1tt-ils (lfls fnil ? 11 0111c111oi,
1 111-; lt111~ J>elilcs f( ()1('~ ('C)J'[ll)(JIIC'S, se S()Jll-ils 1,01nrs i1 1101111c1
1
1ft lc111cs \'C'l'Sl'ls ,l11 l:(>1~111 C'I 1it11 <le 11111s?

.v i>:11 CllX lllrlllC'S, 1C'S lllllS11lllOIIS ll'C>lll l"Cll fni( ()Olll' (l,,e)O(l-
1'' l'i11lclligc'ncc rt cl11,1i1 l',s1,1il. Si ff ttC'lq11cs t111s (l'c11trc ettx
1
~1, 1 111 r111j<)t11,l'l111i li1c tI t'1i1r, ils le ,l(>ivrnl 1111ic111c111c11t . 111
1 :111('<', ri cerlc~ t>ns n lt'lt1s l'fT,,11s. 11 11 ) ' n n11c11ne nc1i111011ic (11111s
1
1ll1c j11~c111t11I. N,>tls 11'l'J>1c>t1vt1ns Jlot11 les n1t1s11l1,1n11s nf1ict1i11:-;

!lit' I<' ln S)'1111lnll1ic : 11111is i)s 1lcti,,l't1l c,,r11111e11flrC' c111e 110111 les
~ 11i1 tlt lt111 lnt tl'ig11c,1n11cc, lrs fc<1Je s 11c s11ITi~enl 1,ns. S'il n'y
1
11 :1.. clt ,,>ll:1l,01nlit,11 c11l1c 1(' 11111il1e cl l'l,,c, il 11c 1,01111a jn111nis
, :,, lit clc tlt,clo1111r111C'11I i11ltllrclt1rl >.
1: ( If' ) 1 rl,l1r1)' \'fl llllllllCll:11\I nss11cr Sl"S C'Oll()S <le l><>ttl<1i1.
,1111 ,t
l)lt'il n lc1111 c11 1{s<'1vr cl,,it rl1t' (lil. Il y a JlCltl-l,c 1111c
_l,:111('<' (111c ln ,,f,it ntt,1111,lissc s<lll (rttvte lib111l1ir<'. l\1t1s11l-
1
1,,:111" 1 ,cl1c ig1101n11<,,, (' l'SI ln ~;111g11<' cle l'n1-nl>is11,e ((tti e11 esl
-,111-..t': cll<.. ,011s c11sr11c rl,1lt111e 1111c cn111isolc (le f(ll"CC. J..,es Arn-
t, 11t' f11rc11I q11e <lrs 1:,z1.C't11s <'l <lcs (lcsl111ctct1rs, (11111s v<1l1c
~1:1 _, ~ <,1111111c 11illct11s. ))r l'A,nllie, il 11'est jn111nis 1ic11 so1ti, ((ttc lrs
1111111~-; ,le 1>illn1-cl~ 111i fl11t imtlo"c let1r (lc1111inntio11 el let11 ig11,1-
:111l. lluts (Ir cl1f'7. c11x, ils n'(111t llns s11 nssi1nile1 l11 c11ltt11c <les
,,111>lts ~c>11111is. Si 111rlc111rs 1111s so11l jn111ni~ relot1111s en Arnl)ie,
1-.. ,,., (lt1l 1c'11 1ntlflo1t, ,,n,ce qtt'ils 11'nvnic11l ri~n O}lf11is nit co11rs
,1, 1,,111" i11rt11si<lll" l'JI tn~s civiliscs. 1.. ,, 1cligi(lll qtt'ils vo11s <ltll
j,,,,.,,s,~r co1111,1C' t111t" t)titti,,,,lil(~ clt' le111 c11i n'est 1111'1111c ,11111e1ic :
l,,l1:1111111ecl tl'l'Sl (ltl(' l't~l\'C tl llll .J,,ir ; le C C<,1:111 .. 11'csl ((IIC
1
1
I,.,,-.,, i1~11c. 111c11I cli1lf 11:11 c .Tl1if i, <'l'i J\101,r. I . cs A1:11,rs 11c 11c11-
1
' 111 4tl1'1i1 fltle (1'~ l:11ti11~, c-11 1,li(!i(,11 ('Clll1111c c11 lll1il<lso1,l1i<'. l~ll
~,,11!\:tnl let1r ln11g11t", ils cl11l occnt>i11r les cct1v1cs l1n(lttilcs ott
ET I\EfOUl\ A LOI\IOINAL 313
J V tcs CIi R 11,l>e. l\(11 is. Il() Il CO l l ( Cil ls lie Il')' fl voir 1ie Il CO Ill 1>1is. i Js
cl11l i11lc1(lil ll'y 1flcl1ir, ot1 110111 (le ln 1eligio11. c E11 1>rscnt1l11t
c<>n1111e (log111e 01igi11R) ce CJt1i 11'lail q,1'1111 si1111>le rappel cle 1A:r.
c11 1>1se11lu11t co111111e 1vlnlio11 spciale ll'Allnl1 ce q11i n'tait
c111'1111e leo11 fl11il1le111e11t ll}lprisc 1>nr l.-lo1101n1ned 1 en dgt1isnnt c11
n1nl,e ce <Jt1i 11'lait (Jt1'l1l>ret1 el jt1if1 la longue arabe con1111il u11
1>1r111ie1 nensongc q11e les llolilicie11s rn,linois i1nposrenl n
l'Isln111 cxtan-eral>e. C'<,sl le p1en1ie1 g1011<l 111e11songe de M<line.
c 1. . n lt111g11e arabe f11t l'occasion <l't1n de11xime n1ensongc; E11
i111>osn1l le111 lnng11c n11x J>Pt111lcs soun1is, les Arabes des con-
qt1les cl (le l't>cct11>alion, - (ln le1re tl'Islnrn > n'est q11'11ne ter1'e
occtlJl<') - , firent J>nsscr 011 co1111lle (le lctar race lot1te t1nc ct1l-
lt1re ,111i 11'lnil pns la 1<'111 : to11l sim1>lc111cnt, ils occn1lRr1ent le
l<'n ,l'ntl1t1i flttP, ()~ 1,lt1s, ils ft11enl incn1l11l1lcs <l'nssi1nile1. I ..'A1n-
l1ie (l:111s sn 11t1<lil, sn11s les cltlo11ill~s ct1lt11relles cle ses conqt1tcs,
11'csl fft1'1111 1>1111v1,, ,lrs<'tI. J.,cs 11111s11l111011s ira11iens et l111'cs (111
1
l 11rl1t-()1ie11I, lc-s Cc11>lc~ (l'l~gy11tc, le~ llc1l>rcs el les l{nbyles tic
l'A f1irJt1e (ltt N<>ttl 1,,.. s'J' lo1111lc11l 11ns. To11s ces JlettpleR q11i
n,:tir11I le111 11101>1c civilistt lio11 nvnnl In co11q11te ,le l'Isla111 nrnllC',
fftli 1'0111 1>e1<ft1c n11 co11lnct <le C<'l Islnm, save11t fort bien qt1,ils
11'<>11 1ic11 h nllcn(lre ,l'ttn<' A1nl>ie J>olilicicnne >.
~'l'sl 1111 r,,ir, les Ar:,l>c~ ()Ill 1,n1fot1I t,, l'it1tcllii~c11rc, ('Il
se s<1,,c111t c1e ln teligion co1n111c 1110J'e11 tl'o1>p1cssion. En
lsl11111, il 11'y n rJII<' (les t>11iloso11l1<'s no11-nrnl>es. L'Isla1,1 <IC'
l\J<,',fli11c lrs n 11111lis, 1>e1sr.ct1ts, CXJlttlss, trnils co1n1t1<' les
J1r1li(f11rs. ~1111en1is <Ir l,o,ll1<>c1oxie. Il l'este t1nc voie <le snl11l :
1,r1,,111tl1i1 l'i11lellig<'11tc <les ronl1ninles cle celte orllodoxiC' :
N ()111 I>1e CI e l l 111 s l 111l 1 n 11 s (' 11 X -11 l r Ill es O 11 t p ri s CO n s C i e n CC {111 ,~
l'lsl11111 a11nl1c est lo11j<lt11s i1trn11nl>I<' <le c1nl<>ll ; q11'n son ~n,,1,
11,11s vi,<111~ cl('1>11i~ clcs si ,',rl<'s <ln11s 1111<' r11tlite i11co1scie11cC', C'I
ltic-11 sot1,,r11l ,ln11~ 1111 1111111<11,c ,I<' l,l)'Ottl. 11 est ~,nn,I le11111s ,ll 1
1,~s,111(11<' C"l'S 1>1cllll111es <'Il 1,1111c ~11,il ,le j11gc111ent, en to11lc

<l111li' ,J'C'sJ>1il, cl ntts~i nv('C co111n~c. Ln ror11111le cle ,lc111nin est sntlR
cl(1t1I<' : J-.;ln111, sn11s A1nl>i<' ... ,
\'<,ili, ln clrrni1c f<11lc, j'nllnis (li1e ln tler11i~1e l1011vnill<', ,111
J>. '111c~1)' 1,0111 111C'11c-1 h l,ic11 ses Jlro.i cls <le l!~vniller avec lcR
11111s11l1111111s. De111<'t1rC' sr,11s C'rl10, celle propos1t1011 son1c le gins
,lrs rs111n11ccs (lt1 P. 1"11,1)'. Il ne vcttl pot1rln11l po~ l>tis<'r R<'~
,icillt~s n111ili~~ 111t1!,t1l111n1,es. At1s"i, l"s Iinncs q11e no,,~ nvc)n~
tilt~c's dt111s cc 1011g Jln111~1,,11l1c so11(-cllrR e~lrniles d'1111 OJlt1sr11lc-,
11.,1,,,,, ""''~ l'A,nl,i,, 1>111,lif c11 l!l l!l, et sig1, 110n par le P. Ci.
'l'l1l~,-~. 111:1is ll111 II. ,le N(1i1lirt1 (Jlcclor, le 110111 <le l)nJ1l111e <.111 J>.
'l'ltt!t_,, ; Nt,i1lict1, s,,11 vill:t~c 11nl11I N111l11).

:11 J l>U 1 li,\111\11~1 .. "1111=-l\Y A 11:\NNA ZAKAlllAS
1
IIANNA ZA K,\I\IAS
L'nJ>t>logti,11c (le tl1i1,l11ie nyonl cl1ot1, 11't1yn11t J>U a111e11er

lts 11111st1ln1ons <lco11,1i1 ct1x-111111es ln nnlt11c (le l'lsln1n po1 le
1icocl1et (le s<1lics t11,lcs 1>l1ilc>s{llll1iq11cs, le P. 1111)' va 111ainle-
111111t l,1uqucr ses 1,1ojcclc-t11s <li1ectc111c11t s111 le Co1n11. Il n'y a vrai-
1
111,nt 1ien cl'11t1lrc i1 fnirl~. I... es co11lncls fJttc le 1 'l'l1ry conli11t1e
ttc11l1elc11i1 avec les 11111stil111n11s 11e fu11l <111e co11fi1111cr ce 1>oi11l de
vt1e. At1 co111s (1'1111 V<l)'rtgc ,ln11s Je sttlei11 cxc1t"cc. Assis (lnns to,1s les coi11s, ndosss nt1x
1,iliers de la C(lt11, ils fc)11I \Ill sl1i(lc11l vnco1mc, le 111111e <ftt'on
(11le11tl dnns tt1lt's les rcll('S c<,11111ifJttcs. Cl1ncltn n so11 n1,loise st11
ll([ttellc sont <1ils ftt1el(111c~ \'C'1scls tl11 Co1n11, (111'ils J>snl1nocliea1t
cl,act1n 1>0111 s,li sn11s n11l . Ils 1t>l<'1011l ces 1i1~111es exetciccs 1>e11"-
,l111t flcs n1111cs j1,~(Jt1'i, ct.. c1,1'ils st,i~11t fie v1il:1l>les JJOrlerrrs <le
( :c>1n11. Ils scrc111l les ~1n11cls :,nv:,11ls clc l'Isl:1111 1..
c Ces tt1clin11ls 11'<,1111>ns 1><111 111c ,le co1111,1c11<l1c ; ils 11'11l11011t
j:111111i~ le tl1oil 1 flC'll(l1111l lc111s n1111es clc 1sitl11ris111e, <le 1,ose1 1111c
111rsli>n s11r lt.. S('II~ clc lel 011 Ici vc1scl cornnif}tle .. 011 se1n J>lt1s
111cJi11s s11vn11I, s<'l<r1 le 11<111lJ1c ,lt! vc1sels CJtt'l>ll sc1n cop11llc tlc
1cilc1 r>a,1 c... n .. 111. l,'lsl:1111, cl s111t,1,1l l'Jslo111 111n}t'.,lcilc <le l'Af1i,111e
(lt1 Nt>1<I, est 1111 111t11tlc c1i1 l'i11lrlligc11cc n'n nt1ct111c 1>lt1cc, n11ct111
clt<,il cle cit ..J'11i c11 tlt'S <lisc11ssio11s i11le1111i11nl,les i, tc s11jcl nvec
l<'s ln/l1a <le 11c111tr11, <111i se 1cft1sc11l c lt1clie1 , le Coran. Ce
sr111il 1>cl1 <111c fl'ltt<lir1 ln J>t11c>le cle Dic11 .. ()11 c1c,il, 011 1cile,
111:1is il esl i11le1,lil ,lt~ Sl~ 11cse1 ,J,,s 1>1ol>l111es. ().11n11,t <>Il lct11 <lit
111c les cl,1liC'11s (t11,lic11t let11s v1111gilcs, ils vo11s 11,011<lc11I <Jttc
l,s cl1rlie11s st,111 cles 1ntio11nlislcs et q11'ils sont i11ficlles, - i11-
(i,lilrs - , cl1111s la 111t'st11e oit ils ,l1e1cl1 c nt n co1111>rc11cl1e >.
()11 s11isi1n s1111s 1>ci11c <111e, l<'11lc1 <l ' lnl,li1 t111 clinlogt1c nvec
,<"s nrn11ds .~n,11111/s 111t1s11l111n11s c11 lt't1r 1nco11ln11l cu111111e11l l'lsln111
:, l11l)c>1 les 1>1e111i1cs g11111tlt's sy11ll1ses ,,1isl<llitic1111cs. c'esl
lc,1111e1 ,111 1>ni11 l,tt11il nt1x 11es. I1 0,11 l'lslo111 01ll1o<l,>xf', )es l1n,ll1c-
li1)11s et co111111('11lni1l'S ,l'A1is1,,1c 11<111t ~t ,111'1111e 111n1cl1llll(li~e,
1irn ,le 11l11s. f>111le1 (l'Arislote 011 ,l'Av e1rt>s il 1111 ln/el,. cJcst
cl('111n11{lc1 il 1111 e,,11l11t ,111 cnlll1is111e s'il C<>1111nil Lno-1'seu. Il V<ltls
1t"1,c11<lrn <ftt'il ,1,l1nl,ile 1>11~ <11111s sor1 ,111n1licr.
Il. tic Nui1lic11 11'1,vnit )lll!i 1)lt1s clc cl1n11ccs cl',~l1c co11ll~ <Jllt! le
1. r111y. - t!Jf}:, ! 1~1,111-il e11t(1c 1>ntit'11 lcr, n,;11111 ,le 1111l>lier celle
t1ilic111c l1islo1i,111C' ,t,1 Cclrr111 ,l,>11l les to11clt1sio11s esse11licllcs s011t
t\ti,1,lics tl('t)llS l('~ (lllllfcs ? I . (> P. , .. 1,<~1y est ('Il ,,,oie n llll cll>ol
i11lc\1ict11 tl<llll il i1 1,n1lt\ ltti-11,~111r 1,11 ,I Pl,11l ,le l'/."/,1111 e.11t1r11ri.c
jr1i1 1 r. nrlexi,,1, f:1i1,,. l'nlll'llll! ('SI i11t1lilc. Elle ,,e 1,1,,filP1n J>Cr-
~()llllC, S\ll'l(>lll ,,:,sil ln ''ailt, 11,11,lis CJIIC l:1 11111,lic,,li<)ll c1e Cl' (11l-
ET RETOUR A L'ORIGINAL 315

vnil nttra dll 111oi11s l'ovontege d'aider les gens qui il n'est J>ns
inlc1<lil de rflcl1ir. Le P. Tl1ry prendra une seule prcnt1lio11,
1,011r 11e n1eltre en cattse qtte lt1i-n11ne : c J'ai pris un pset1do11)'111e
pottr carter to11les res1lo11sabilits collectives dtt call1olicis111c
(l~eltre ,,ne correspo11(la11te amricaine. le 10.2.58). Et fi. cle N<>i1-
lict1, q11c l'on co111111e11nil il connaitre, <levient son tour 1101111n
Znl<.n1ias, illt1st1e inco11nu. Les lecteu1s savent le reste.
DERNIERS TRAVAUX
Pc11(ln11t CJlle c Il. Znko1ins > pt1bliail les deux pre111iers to1ncs
(le l>E MOISE A 1t1011A1'1"tED >, le Pre G. Tl1ry terminait Jo rc<lnc-
l1011 <l't1n ouvrage vri t ablen1en t 111ont1111en lai qt1i rappelle, 1>n1
sn co11cc1>tio11, ccl11i <le 1938 st11 la Vc11reble l,farie Poussepi11. Il
s',,git (le Coll1c1i11e <Je Frn11cl1eville, {otr<ialrice d Van11cs de la
Prrn1ire l,Jaiso11 ,le rel1ailes ,le {en1111es, ot1v1a~c en (letax vc,lt1-
111c's, 1>11hli c11 ltl50 1><>111 1po11(l1e nt1x v11x de la Seclio11 llisl(>-
1i,111c ,le la Snc1e Co11grgation <les Rites dont le P. Tl11y lnil
111c111l11c. li 11vnit lravoille, (lix annes dt1renl, rosseml>ler jt1s-
<111'n11x moin<l1es clocu1nents avec t1ne n1inulie incroynl>lc,
rlf1n)'i111lc 1>,,111 ce11x ((tli, sn s11ile, tlcv1ont e11lrcprendre de se111-
l>li1l,lcs i11veslignlio11s en v11e <les procs de canonisation . A la fi11, il
11c s'itgiss1-.il 1>l11s (1't111e si1111>le hiogro1>l1ie, mme rponda11l 1111x
Jllt1s 1igot11e11scs exigc11ccs (le l'i11for111ali(1n s11r la person11alil t'll
<111rse, 111ois ,1'1111 v1il111Jlc piso(le de l'l1istoire religie11se <le ltt
l\1,,11,g11e 011 X\'JJe sicle, ovec le prcie11x nperus sur les co11lrnls
cc,111111crco11x el les raJ)porls socia11x e11 France celle pof(t1(',
:;;111:-1 011lJlie1 les 111<ct11s le l'o<l111i11ist1ntion pisco1>ale. Cet ot1v11,gc
ft1I fJt111lifi, J>at l1, Not1velle Revue 1"11ologic1ue de Lot1vai11, <le
c l,11iltling tl'rtt(lition >.
l\l<11lio1111011s c11fi11 11ne tude in<lile, sorte de <liverlissP111r11l
lill<~1ni1c e11 111n1~e (le ln critic111e cornniq11e, o se 1ne11ifestc, c11
111<~1,1c lctllJ)S <111e J'ctt1(lilion 1 l'cs1>ril vif et pntrant dt1 P. ~l"l1l~t~, :
\'o/1,,ire cl nta/10111el, 011 ntal,o,nel et la Soci~l Franaise a11 Xl'IIJ
.~irclr. Cet 011v1nge cievail paral1e sot1s le pseudonyn1t de J. Flct1-
1ic)l : 1>ct1l-lre le llt1bliero11s-11011s 110 jot1r si nos n1o~'e11s nolts le
llt 111lcllcnl. (...'exgse <111 c Coron n'o 1ien y ep11re11clre, l>ir11
1
si11 ; 1111,is l'l1istoi1e ,les i(les s111 l'lsln1n a11 XVIII sicle en g11-
1a,I, l\l lrs i<les (1e V<>llnire en t>nrlic11lier, ne 1nanqt1enl 1,ns (l'i11lt'-
1l J>ot1r 11011s fni1e connatre ... Voltaire ]t1i-m1ne invilnl,len1e11l .

REFLEXIONS FINAI. . ES
Nr111s 1,,,ic>11s lniss 1>r,,oi1, (lnns 11olre Ar,a11I-Pro1,o.t 1lt1 r,,,11c

Ill ,Ir 1>1~ M<>1s1~ A 1t1c>11A~1~1E1>. (Jtle 11ot1s signalerions ce1tei11s p(,i11ls

DU P. GADlllEL TllERY A IIANNA ZAKARIAS
- c.xl~gse oit notas avio11s f oit t>rv11loir les v11es du 11. 'l'l11y s11r
1l1l~ 1,1opre inlerp1tntion ,les textes el de l'l1isloire. Rflexion
, ile. qt1oi bo11 ? Ln <litf re11ce (le )>oints <le dpart dons le rni-
11111e1nent ne cl1angcoit rien, en clfinilive, aux concl11sions essen-
llts. Le seul rsultat serait d'alourdir cet Epilogue dj bien
.~-N(>lls avions et1ssi t>rojet

de relever la pres<}lte totale i11con1-

1il1c11sion dont certni11s c1itiq11es ont fnil pre11ve envers les co11-
-1,1~i,111s dtt P. 'J"l1ry. Ils ne les ont J>Bs vt1es, inalgr leur frq,1enle
. . , ,l,1i1e rptition 011 co111s <le pl11sie11rs vol11mes l Ils disc11tent
1lt,1s st1r toute e11t1e cl1ose, en s'i1nnginont tre dans le vif (ltt
~1jcl. E11 somme, ils co111l>nltcnl la tl1se (Jtt'ils itnoginenl t1e celle
111 [>. r11ry. Co111n1c n<ltls rejetons et1ssi ce fr11it de let1r imagina-
i (lt1 1 not1s som111es 11n1ft1itc1ne11l d'ncco1(l. Esprons ql1'1111 jo11r ils
11rr1(l1onl le temps ,Je lire avec alte11lion les textes s11r lesq11~ls
ils se 1,ro11osenl rie 1><>1lcr 11n j11gen1c11I. C'est le settl 111oyen d'to-
lali, les bases cl't111e l,011nc f1isc11ssion.
f)'n11tres lectettrs, trs nlte11tifs ottx ot1vrnges dtt P. 'fl11y, 011t
iI; ,l1<>11ts pot le n1o(lc <l'expositio11, vrai dire inl1nl1it11el, de
ccllt' c tl1se >. Ce n'est 1>ns f1e cette fnon-l qtt'on crit 1111e ll1se
, 11 S,11l)on11e. Un <le 110s co1rrs11on,ln11ls, nncien p1of esse111 <le
l111stil11l <les llat1les El11dcs l\f n1ocnines, rsume pnrfoile111e11t ln
, ,, 11st~c cle ces lecte ,, 1s : .J 'ni 111e1n is voir rasse1111>1e <ln ns t1nc
111,,,1,ire porlic lo11le l'o1"~11111cnlntio11 criliq11e : 11otre ig11orance
,,,,ft,11,lc <les origines, 1,,,1tes les l>v11es <les Cornnisonls n1it1ic11rs
,lc,111 lrs pll1s graves s11gg1e11t une 111ot1vnise foi oriente, les (l1n111-
,111:1gcs ,le l'Ancie11 'l~('slnn1cnt avec lrs confttsions vo11lues. L'exis-
lt11l'C rt l'activit (ltt llnl>l>i11 le l"n l\lcc(Jtte seraient nl<>rs prse11fes
,,,111111e ln set1le l1y1loll1~se J>Ossil>le po111 cx1>liq11e1 les faits conn11s
11 les contrndicli{>Jls inlc111es les lexies. El enfin la <l1nonslration
lfl'lctive sc1eil po111s11ivie i, l'ni<le (ltt Coran ...
c .Je sais l1ie11, pn1 111n 1110111e ex111ie11ce, q11'nvec 1111 pett <le
l,,.1,11c volo11t el <l'i1111>orlialit, on 1etro11ve ais1nenl dnns les
tli,t'ts cl1npitres tot1l cc q11c je sot1l1oitc. Mall1e11re11se1nent, les
t1a,,1111x ,Je votre emi ont <lrang trop tle co11rorinis111es tablis
1,,)111 11uune molveillance certaine n')' chercl1e d'nbord les points
,c,11ll'slables afin d'affaiblir le tout >. (Lei Ire dit 23-~-62). 'fol1t cela
1sl v1ai. Reconnaissons q11e le P. 'l'l1ry Jlouvait c or<fonner selon
1111 z111lre J>lnn ses co11naissonccs, 11ro<ligie11ses e11 1>rofo11,le111 co1n111e
111 c.~lcnd11c > (ibi,l.). Il po11voit a,lo11ter 1111c for1ne lts acn<l1niq11e
,1i1 sn diolccliq11e, 10111 i, lt. !Ir s0111>le 1 no11ct1se, s11htile, se jo11nnt
111'~ ,lifict1lts, se f,it clo1111 lil>1e co111~. Un tel t1nvnil ent 1nfet1x
1c,11venu <les es11rils (ttii nvo11enl l1~s si1111>le1nc11l s'lre loi~ss
1111 ll<'tl cnval1ir 1>nr ln t"<lttli11c cle c<'1l11i11es n1"tl101es 1111ivC'1sitni1es.
1.:, 1>11issonce dn1011st1nti,e 11')' etil 1ic11 11er(lt1, nt1 contraire scn1-
J!;J.. 1\1:.1 U U 1\ A &., VI\IUl.l'10U .... -
l>le-1-il. l\fnis le P. 1'11ry 1,ensnil qt1e la bea11t de l'ortlo11na11ct?

logiq11c e(\l ~l octltisc n11 <ltti1nent de la vie. Il ai1ne rpter <J\t il 11
11'0 1>ns rccl1ercl1 une l>elle composition. On peul le regretter, A

J'u1tificc <le la tl1se, il p1fre le naturel de la vie exprin1e dnns
le <lsorclre du texte qu'il lt1die ; dans la remarqt1e imprvue q11i
<.0111>e Je fil de la 1,ense ; dans le troil acr q11i fuse, contre qt1el-
q11e ottvroge qui n'est pas (le son go(\t : dans le souvenir subit fni-
sont i1r11plion att miliett dt1 commenlei1e pot1r l'illustrer ; dans In
t11tlitolio11 enfi11, qtti scrt1lc et se11t en profondeur ce que la si111-
1>lc lect11re <l'ttn ve1set n'lnle qu'en st11focc. Ne fallait-il pas que
cet 011vr11gc fut c1it ai11sl ? N'est-il pas bon q11e tout ce qttl y est
tlit le soit, ttne fois pour lot1les ? - A prsent, rien n'empcl1e qt1e
,111cl<ttt't111, <111i n11rnit envie <l'crire, co1npose celle grande tl1se,
pto1>rc, bien li1ne, snns l>nvt11es, solide1nent cl1arpenle ; les con-
1lt1sio11s, s'i111briq11a11t les t111es dans les &titres, arriveraient sons
l1nlc, e11 l><>n or<l1e, cl1nc1111e n sn 1,Ince, resplentlissantc de v~rit.
f.,l111111c n<ltts 11'nv(l11s 1>ns 1111e vornlion <l'c1ivRin, nous soul,oitons
,,i,c111c11t (Jttc que1<Jtlc ,,111o t11eux <les belles lett1cs c11t1cprcn11e celle
<1~t1,1c 1l'n1I.
Avn11l ,le p1c11<l1e C(>11g <1(~fi11ilivcmenl <le 110s lecteurs, 11ot1s
,,,,11l<lll~ 1,,111crcier t,-~ t<>1tli11lc111e11t ce11x (l'e11lrc et1x qt1i notas
<,111 c1it J>o111 11ot1s fnirc p-arl tic lct11s 1e1norqt1es, de le11r exp-
1if'11cc <lt1 111tl11clc 11111st1l111n11, <le le11rs c1iliqt1es s11r tel point <l'ex-
grsc 011 cl'l,isloi1c q11i le11r 1>n1oissnit ol)sct1r. Ils notas ont nirlsi
c>l)lig i, f nire c1t1clcrt1c c)lttl st1r certains p1obl1nes... qt1i 11'r11
(ttnic11t 11ns pot11 11011s, et s111 lcs<1t1cls nous n'aurions ja111ais c1t1
11t~cessni1c tic (101111<'1 t111c ex11licntion. Pe11l-lre 1econ11atlro11t-ils
,1,1 llltssngc ces 1p,,11ses n lct11s rlific11lts. ott l'acctteil qt1e n<>lls
nv11s f11il lcttrs j11,licie11scs ol>sc1vnlions. Ils vot1dro11l hicn y
v<,i1 le t>clil sig11c 0111ical qt1e notts Ie,1r ad1esson~ pot11 lettr l111oi-
g11<11" cc,1111,icn let1rs e11cot1rnge1nenls no11s ont lottch.
E11fi11 cl'o,1lrcs lecte111s, llroccups pnt' l'orientation <le lc11rs
l11,lcs 11e1sonnelles, n111nie11t ai111 no11s voi1 tlvelop1>er tel 011 lei
11s1,cct (1c l'Islo111, 011 dt1 jt1cln~me, conle111po1ai11s. Il est J,icn vi-
clt'tll <ttt<', lo1sqt1'011 ltJ(lic l'o1igine cle 1Jsln111, m1ne si l'on YPtll
s'c11 leni1 slricle111e11t ln, l'i11forn1alion historiq11c <lhor<le Ja,gc ..
111l'11I l't,1,jct J>rcis ,le celle llt<le. Le content1 rlcs doclrines, Je,11
111 isc r11 n (l(l11co Iion <I nns le pnss par la poli liq11e lequel 1e e 11 es
st,111 lies, Jcs tentatives co11tempo1aines s'insJlire11t de ces 11rin-
(i1les <111i 11'ont jn1,1nis l ofTicieltement rpt1dis, n'ont pos mnn-
'l''<', vitle1111nenl, <le relcn i1 notre ellcnlion. Les spcialistes de ces
,,11cstio11s 11011s con1p1c11,l1011l den1i-n1ol. Mois notre bt1t tait lo11l
1,1111~ : lc1111i11c1 le t1nvnil (le 11ot1e 01111, 110,,r qt1e le fr11it de ~e~
1,11ti~11lt-'s rc<.~l,c1cl1es J>ttis~c ~l1e livr 011 JJtll>lic. No11s l'avons fnil
iv~c ln 111111e co11sticncc cl <1nns le m111e es1>rit. Si le P. Tl11y n
DU P. GABRIEL TIJRY A JJANNA ZAKARJAS
vingt dernires 1111nes d'une vie de science et d'rudition

IIIIICS
a 1osq11cr iinpitoyeblcn1ent la plus grande escroquerie reli~ieuse
-wistoire, ce fut u11iqt1en1ent pour clairer les esprits el librer
r 11cs de millions d'lres humains, ses frres qu'il aimait, qu'il
l assez chrtienne111cnl pour encourir leur haine, au prix de
t1avaux, en leur offrant Ja vrit.
Le PoujoJ.:sur-Orb
8 septembre 1063
Josepl1 BERl"'UEL
FIN
TABLE DES MATI.SRES
LIVRE VII
ltfOHAP.fMED EN PLEIN EPANOUlSSEM~NT
Pages
CIIAPITRB 1. - Ltt.~ FBIIIIILC,. - PfllNCtPRS iNONCRS PAR LB RABBIN. 9
1. Mnriage des Croyanls . . . . . . . 11
2. Hnppo1ts <les ltommcs ovec lettrs rem mes.. . . tO
3. IA!s (cn1mes prol1ibes . . . 19
4. l .. a vie quoli <lienne , . 22
5. J.. CS Cn rQ Il l S , 37
6. )Je ra~ fics veuves . . . . . 39
7. 1...a r pu< 1i a t ion . . . . . . . . .
4()
. 8. J..'l11ilaf:1C . . . . . . . . . . . .
, 45
9. No111l>1e <le rc1n1nes 47
CIIAPITIIB ff. - I.. E IIATIRII DB MOIIAMMB1l 49
1. Ses f r-m11,es 5t
2. Une a,,cn lt1rc. n1110111et1se clt1 Propl,t e 50
3. J.. es sacrifices tle Mol1n1nn1c<.I 60
(~IIAPITnR If 1. - J.. A VIR A 1'f~DJNB . . . . . . 67
1. nglcs ~l111entolrcs de politesse l'usage des
11111suln1nnls~ . . . , . . . ; . . 69
2. Protocole pour Mol,ommed, devenu un grand cher 75
S. Fcrnmes voiles . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
4. nnpports cnl re J11ifs, cl,rliens. idolftlrcs, el mt19ul-
mnnfs~s.1Complots, tral1isons, fourberies et piges
(le f.fcline . , . . 83
LIVRE VIII
f.,'ISl#Al\f ATIAnE EN P.IAllClJE. J...A GUERRE.

LA nECONQUETE DE f.,A KA'BA.
INTnooucTrc)N, - 1. J.,e co1nl>nl dans le Cl1emln de Yahw 99
2. l ..e Plcal nngc 110
CIIAPITIIB 1. - I..A OUBnnR Ptll'tnJNOISB. - A. Plrlode de 622 d 627
(np1,roxir11nllvc111cnt) . . . . . . 12 :,
l. Consltlrnlions (.tnralcs . 12r.
2. l#n g11t'11c. P r ernic1~ hrt1lls de g,,crre ... 129
3. Exp~rlition (le Nnklal ? (629 7) . . . . . 14 ()
4. l..a rc11conlrc ,te nnctr . . . . . . . 144
5. Nouvcn11 roJlpcl dtt but do la guerre : reconqute
lfinitlvc (le ln Ka'ba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
6. n~vo~~~rics snn! <"'onststnnt'e . . . . 1 no
7. l#n fl~rnlle ,l'Ol1od (prlnlem1,s 625 ?) 1fl7
8. No11vcn,1x rezzous . . . . . . . . . 18R
9. l .. a COITiflOROC des Fosss (027 ?) . 103
10. Probln1c des coplifs . . 198
11. Or~,r. ro11cl11sion s11r les l111cnl~ con11)osnnl Jo
Co,111111111 n,1 t 111c I i i~c ,Ir, n,,,~11 lrnnn iss ornlcs 2() l
Alcli11oise de 627 ,i 6~U (01,proxi11,nlivc1nenl) - 203
1. t:rise i11l1ic11rc 1,,11111i lts 11111s11l111u11iss 111~lli11ois 203
2. E11 ,oui c v c1s l .. tl ~t cr<1 ,ac cl Ia Kn 'Ln . 209
3. No11vcllr ~x,,(1lilic,n tics 11,11st1l111nniss : 218
4. No11,rn11x ,ct111l111ls 22J
5. Alo(lt1s ,ivc111li ,, J.,n Ale<1ue c11l1e 111usul11,n11iss
cl itlolnt1cs.
o) 11,c <le <Jt1nl 1e n1ois 225
l,) Le l'i! lcri 11n"c . . . . 226
c) l\11pl 11 rc (le ln I r~,c . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
d) Lo l(n'la i11tcrclitc otlX 1>olyll1islcs 228
6. Ln l,nlaillc (l'Jlonttn . 231
7. Ent1111rnlir>11 clcs c1111c111is clc l'lsla111 . 232
n) les i(l01;,tr~s . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. 232
Il) les cl,rticns . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. 23:i
c) les J11irs . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. .. 24(1
8. llclot11 tic 1'lc>lan1111t1<'cl 1\ l\lcl i11e . .. 242
O. L'cs,01111011,,I,, 41(~ 11,l>u11k . . . . . 243
10. J,, R 1' 10 S () l l l' <' C1 S S i (1C Il l C . 250
1 t. No11vri,11x c1is tic ~t1c1rc . . . . . . . 257

:11-\l'll'I\E II. 1
Ec~IIHC l)~ J. ,\l 1 t,J.()(!HTICJll~ ~sc:IIATOl.(tOIQUB )ll~C-
QU01SB . . , . . . . 1101
&.
l#'npologliquc 111icli11aisr... . . 201
1.. c 1>nra ,1i s li c ~ 1 cI i '' c . . . . . . . . . . 2 90
Ell l l~OG U 1~
l>U J>. (iAl\ltll~l .. Tlll~nY A IIANN,\ ZAKAI\IAS,
l~'f lt1~1-<>lJI\ A J.,'UlllGINAI.,
\111 l\cligieux ))0111i1tic:1i11 307
IJn 111tli,isl~ clc 1,oi11tc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
l'1r1,1icr to11lntl i,,c< l'lsln11l . . . . . . . . . . . 310
l>,1 J)sr11(lo-Uc11l~ a'1 "l;1il1c- J~rkl11111. J\lll1(,clc <le t1:1,nil 311
(:1itic1!1c l1isl?riq11c t'I. '11,~lloRi!' . . . 313
,\ ln Sncre Congr-,.;nl1011 clrs l\1trs . . . . . . . . . . . . . J l r,
lJ11 111oinc nt1 sc1,i<c ,le ln F1n11cc. R1uclili1,n el 2 ll111c,,,1 319
11n,n,1x tle gl1crre. -- c l>irou,erlc > tilt Cornn . 323
l>igrrssion sur Ja lingltisli<Jttc . 325

I.. A GENES(~ ll'UNE J>ENSl~E E'l" D'UNE DECISION
l .. c r. T11inY et les 111l1s11l111ans 331

11n,oux <l'o111>rol-.l1e ....... 332
l>~1ns l'esnrit <le P1un1,R LB VtNtnAnl.B cl tlc RAY110N1> DB
TOl.DB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
(:c,ncl11sions rolio,,ncllcs. et pnlie11cc 111tl10,lique 33
A 11 i tulle (les 111,,s,11111,, 11 s . 34 l
IIRCTOR DB NOlllLIHU. - ).es 1cs1>01sal,il ils tle l'ls)n111 . 3.1
11 AN N ., ZA KA n I As 3 I 4
l>c,nicrs travn,1x . . . . . . . . .. ~'15
llflcxloa,s finolc~ . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
FIN
l lafPRlt.lERIE SPCIALE
DES l>ITIONS DU SCORPION
PARIS
J>lOT t.GAL : 2 TRl~IRSTRE 1{)04

1
N D l>lTElJR : 1739

Théry Gabriel - de Moïse À Mohammed Tome 4

Transféré par

Informations du document

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Théry Gabriel - de Moïse À Mohammed Tome 4

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

L I S L A M , E N T R E P R I S E J U I V E

7. - 1Vlol1,1111111e<l e11 plci11 1)a11ot1issc1ne11L .

8. - J..J'Isl,1111 a1al)c e11 111arcl1e. - L,1 gt1e11c.

S'a!1il-il <le 111011 slJJle, JC 1a1,a11,lo1111e.

l;A11nE n'()J,IVE'f, Ija I"n1,gr1c lll,1,,,1,1,!

J~I>l'l'l()NS DlJ SC.01\PION

cr) Il)' ~ R<litio11~

I. - - l\lAilIAGE l)ES CllOYANrl'S.

J.,e cc>1a1111r11ce 1>n1 <lfe11cl1e fo1111ellP111c11l le 111:11i;1gr

( 1) (~~.sf-,ti,r lrs fc1l1111rs <lll a~sorir11t ''nl1,v cl':111l1cs rlicttx.

11t1c ,c,11s. 111l1,,c, l'sl <>11111is("i(!11t cl sngc (3).

11) l~llcs 11'i1ss(c<'l'<l11I 1ic'11 ;, ,:,11,,,. l.1ct11 c.1111<~ ,1<~ 1,,1,l

I) I~llc's 1>,,i,11. (li <'~I <l,,11c t>t<>l,it1>1c

li1c S()lll f,l("lc111ca11t iclc~11lili:1))lcs : cc S()lll les C1oy1111ls,

i111111clintc cl }l<'1so1111c,tlc". ,J'csli111c, c11 effet, (Jtlc 111c>11 1:1is<lllll<?--

(5) Sot1r. I...X, 12.

J>t11cr l'Isln111 t111p lc ~'(lfl clt' t:1l<'<'l1is111c, c111i se te111,i11c~ 11cl11111,lt~-

(fi) Sour. I.. X. 10-12.

( 8) S <l 111. I I. 22: 1.

111 1>1rse11lc 1vl1lti,)11 i11s1c pn1 l\l:1l10111et o. cette 1>lnte ~ (11)

/'/.~lt1111, l\lc>l1lt111111ecl 11'c11 C'Sl 1111lle111cnt 1cs1>c)11s~11.l1<~. l . . e 1nl>))i11, <111i

1,i,t<'1i11:1ge : )lot11 ,1t1i s'nt,1t1itte cl11 l 1 rlr1i11:1gc 11t1llc g:1l:111lt1il,

~22. (l .. ts c:1,)~'flttls) l'i11tt~11(,gl'lll st11 ln 111c11sl1t111fi<lll. llt~J)l)lltls-

C'l'II X c111i ,it1111c11I :, 1t'si1>iSCC'l)('C cl CCIIX C[tl SC 1>111if1rr1l >

ses n1>1>111<'11ccs) l':,111c1t11 cl~s ,cllt111ts li1cs clcs fc111111c~, (l'n111c,111)

( 15) 11,;,1. 2'.!2.

(~f)) Sc>t1r. IV, 23-32.

8 - (J11n11,I ers f'scln,ts s(,11( ,1t',e1111c~ fc111111cs 1esc1vers >,

1cft1s ,l'nl111\tl1c.) ffttc le srl1t t1nclilion n e1 (le le111s n11cl1cs lrs

(21) St,111 . 1\', 2,; .:ltl.

if li <'XJltlSl\ 0 C'l'S sfrllltS(~~ cfin(~l'('llll'S )<l1S cJ11 llllll'fl~C' .. (~C~ lclS

l"'es 1r11>11c,1ls S(':<tt('ls _lic1111c11l t111e g1011<lc 1,11,cc <l:111s la s<>til

lrs <'Sll:1,C's. \'c,11" 1>1>11,e1z IPs <'t><>11s1 ~i C1ll('S ~(1111 c1c,~:,11IC's ;

,e11lt11I ,i,<' ('Il 1c;s<\1,,t.",<'~ :r> ! (J11('<)11,111c les f()t<~c (sC'1n

1111 11tl\'<'ll fic se 1:1<l1t'IC'1' clr. lct11 fn11le (:l:l) .

l\1t'\111c si lPs fo111icnlr111s cl fc,111ic11l1icC's 1cvie11nc11l <le le,11

11":1,cz :111ct111e 111t's111c tle tlt~lltc11<.~c i, 111r11(l1c Il Jc111 Pgn,cl. Ynl1,,

(:li)) l~I .i:l111nis tt&l<' <royn,,lr.

flc'lll),111( ~flll J. . 11 l\f( {-f fll(', Je 1:tl>)lII fl\t1I fl(~ji1

<'si i11(:,ilt1l,lc ! (C'~<'<'f>lc;) <"<'tlx 111 i 11',,1,t Il' 1n1>11<1,I ,,11'11,ec

(~) Sc1t1r. XXI\', IR ~I.

\"1:1i111C'11I ,.,,,,~ lr~ Jlc111,lc ig1101n1,1 (011lc- loi > ! ; XXIX,

l>',tl1(~ gt 'llt~1nl f)'itt0(1C'1(C', <'l f\tlfl"<'~ llf<l1fs Sf)fC"i(i<ttlP.S frltt-

1>1rlte11I) q11c <les vlilles 1 Qt1e le Jecte11r ne passe 110s n

sl111>iclc <ttt'c11 1ect>J>in11t celle tJngc <le 'l"<>t A 11<l1ne q11'<lll

,J'i1111,,!1rcrlio11s ri fit' fnil)lP::;srs (,,111111c lt's n11t1E's l1cl111-

(Je l'l~t1ilt11r ! ,\t<(11111>lis 1:, (>1i1e, coi l:1 Jlri,c i11te1<lit ln

e 11 s 11 i l e 1>1( , , 1t I i 1 e , 1, 1;1 l 1e It; 111 , , it 1s. f1n g ~ 11e z -1 c s (1t? f [ 11 a t r c-

lt lll(lg11:,gr cl<' cl'1 11x <"<>nsislc'111 C'll 1111r ((t1ncl11111le

11llcsl:1litlll, J>nr ,:11,,,.(;, (11ffi1111n11I) (<Ill~ le clr11011cintc111) C!il

7. (s11i,ir (l')1111c ,i11c111i111p (:1ll<'slill cl11 n1>1><'l:111l) 1n 111nltlic-

R. 1. . c' 1, 111111 r 11 1 s r 1n 1c; 1c>, , r11r. (1c I r1 ( f" 111111 r v is ~ c ) , 1>n 1 l n rr 11 n -

!J. (s11i,i,, cl')t111e ci11r111t'111c (:1ltrsl1lliclll n1>1lcl:111l lt1 ccll1c tlivi11c

10. N'<'t1ss<'11l 'Ir ln

(~1oynnls 01abcs, 11c c,,11voilez J>ns les fe111n1es qt1i ne \'<ltts

1:1. ()11(' IPs ncc11snlrt11s 11'01ll-ils, h ce 1,1011os, 111'olt1il q11nl1r

1,1. (l~l ,,<,11s C:10,n11ls), n'rt1s~e11l l IR fnve11r ,le Ynl,w~ cr1vrrs

l!'i. ().11:111(1 ,t,11s 11,,,z e11l<'11cl11 (<clic ,nlt111111i!l) q11c 11'ov('z-v,,11s

111:111,c' ( 11). (~11l:1i11s 111C',,11lC'11t ,,,,~tic s'lnil {'gr11<'e c11 tl1c1cl11111l

(11) Sc,111. X~~I\', 11 - Jf,.

l,,gi<'s ,lrs l1il,11s, cl 1111c' fc1t1lc ,l't111l1f's <lisciJlli11es, co1n111c il sic<I

(l:111c., 11111' sil11:ll(>t1 1i<lic11fr. ll11e cotc,ic l1oslilc n 'Acl1n ~. --

\'r;1i111r11I, je 11'1111ivc 1>11s i1 cc>1111>1c11(l1c C<>111111c11t ,les l1<>111111rs