.. ·.•.

·
·' • • • :; '· ~~ I'

. · , .... T.r.onit-rlie: th6ng·sicac·'..c6f?g'·ci:i'. ,9J.·~an i"'·iy'.,~d).l'.crc..Nha\,mrac

.......... ~. , · -....... ..,-.......... ..... ' • .. ,·. ··' .... ,... .•j · " .,:.':' ·f,.I ,,,.~, .. ~··~··

. d,ptjg;.~~;~l~µf,f.i~rtb!:Jt6§,t8f~fik '.~iiiiJ(;.:~~;:4&i ~.fh!. ~'~~!ll~.-~ach

d·itdc . ·01'.,,ta. .~ ~: ·: :·1 1.Hr~·n':.·tan· i:i::.::.t;;..;i:;.. :hi.tao·· . · ho ,cac ..conO' cu
···~•,f":•~•'."·; !;; .:, ',• '.' I<','.,,< • -~ ~ Jr-,,·.,,~i, • ·l'~... :il'!.;;".l,.,~ "t' ··~~• ..l,,,,i,, ~ .• I • J:.>•

~ ~:.·.rl·M • ~.\-' ·.?·.-;. ::~·- P.A~ . c':. -:.'.ll!!!. -· .......~ . . ~~.~~~-· ~=-~~. ,-~:1$~s.tf:...·~·, 1·:::.· .•·,:~ ~ P • -V • ....

.:·:kh~c ..:Hi' n.,na: ~cemO'./' u. :Cititli faach' '.<ii.roe'· s·~·-;duna. ;kh' .· ho

• ,., ;c.••·• ;:.: . ·;.J..,,,. ,,,}/~,,_ . ,,,.. ~" F,. :, .J ,,.,; . ·:-' . .:.·•i~,:-:.•;•,.tl<r .,·,.;::,;•.•.,:JP.,.. ,_'l:.P
~:0f€n.1fro·n. a.Lmol::ifub'::\y.i:i'.ci:ctfa~(l-Sf
· ~-'1' ~ ro;. ...,. .-.. !'·l;e·Pl':i~..,.,,. • • :·.·· • ·
..1·1: · ... ·•
r.sor{d·:i{frili"i~:-
...... •. :o:.~··
• ·. • · ~
:x if .hoi · •·
tren ca~

~1f4;n~;;i :·yYtno ~,a .v1 ··mo.:¥gueii ta a:6ng chinh sach. cte bay to.
f chf; ._th~i d,9:. :qu,?.-~~4j'6rn,i1ii.nh·dSi. 11z cua· ~illh; . d~ t~o dsing
Ji,rc c~o qq~;'.~(flb$ ,hQ~t· d{)ng;.:d~ . . dieµ chinh· COC dq v~n hanh
.d1a..dc'b9 ph~n ·cau thanh i;i~n kfoh ~e trong· tirng thai:ky hay
gi U:a. de ~h;oi. -.ky kh~c .nhau} d~ phoi ~gJi no~t :dQrig C;Ua cac:
~~, cac. µg~in •. ·.cac: dia: Ph,1!.C!'.tig_ trpn_g· xa. Mi cimg. huong tai
zriVc .fieu ch4b:g.:. v;v~.. Tu.y n'h~en. i;ttr l~m. chu v.a sir ~lJng
c4.~nh .~ach j,be,.h~o .Cho .co;.hi~.i-1 ,qua J~i ia.m:Qr\i'.iln~~an·g~
~µgi; ~iji~u ·~kii&i qu~p. Ja~ ·llg;$.l~n. clfu; b~i.d~/·1~·m¢t ph§.m
.~n! . ¢~ri.;M rriql.:p\e.y~i·ci~chu:·ip.~:.~~:kha~h'i.h~:qµi1n:°ij. J(hoa
h,qc'.'c,hi'.n'lf ··s~ch. moJ 'di!gc ;t~l;' tt~µ$;:AgJ;d~n c~ti t~orig v~i _ba.
th~p:.ky·g.~'Il: dAy. ,qMt:.I,:a:vm nitttng .nupc:co neh "Idnh teke
r;o~:~h·~~P· trqnglian-g c;huy,en.~o.Ltil~ir·nttao ta. · ·
. :Di!.:giilp ql)u·ri.g 't.~ tting.,.:tnrcr~ llep c~n vO;i:i;:hfnh ~ch,
.... lf:~m.b.frdvqc D:~~·n:g:n9l' au,·p.g.:do:~batf.nh~i;ve: lo~i ~cl}lg C'9 d'[c
l~c:n.~Y trong:.'qµ~n.:>1;t 491 song. xa . bgi'i·:t::lii1ng:Joi nghr~n cU'u
'bie~. so~n; cu9ii.. gi~6 trlnh;:·;a;ol1!¢h diti:h v~· plian tfch cllinh

3
 •:'.·

s~ch ~(!ong de lilm·~;t~tJi~J:_.,gt!ngr d~y·va· b~c'- l~p'· cho·}~~. clr

nhiin ·hanh chin"h::ciht Hoc :v.i!n:FiAhil~~frtnfr::. - · •.--
-Do:.clay. -u. ~an o.i«:n1¢i:~ya;;,'.pliitt-~t~ti>'::ne1f:trP'dg q)r~ ~rinh
~.

.?i~n so~n ;giao-:tr1nh,; na;y:"·::khon¥:;t1i(:i~~h;-kfiot~:~geir,_s'6t.

· ;Chll~g, to!_ !t;.f· mon-g:,nil~.rH!1:'q~1:r{filtng·'dohg.-g6p: ~uy .bifo: Cih1
:cac dong· nghi~p.·va ·nQ.¢:;;\fi~r{cf~'·~iP. thbj:,.s,ita ch~tt. ;b&';~ung d~ -
l~n xuat; b0.n:sa~ CUOil giao _ ttlnh-:i:igaY; ~ang,:hij~)'i :thi~~;hcm.

:·~·

...

·'

" .

.J;.

•"

·:"';.
.. ..
~

;·

..t.
~~
.•
.,[
 :Sach. nh u: mqt sif c·a~h ·t:ie'.p c~J:Lt~p·ott:µ;O.g v~Q ;c~ . &a:tih vi ;ung
xua cap vi mo; va•:Fldfia'. e~tihJAm)y.:ciza,qµ~n:cifiung/~~a·.cac
dr tri va de nh:a larih 4.~o;'. niqts-6: cacli:tlip::p~n l~(t~p rturig ·.
vao 'i::a:c d~c ~ieinNan ho~'._x·a·h¢i:·m¢ts6 kh~c. l~ J~jdiung
vao cac ban ch~'.'t diln t~c:va,:.tlnh.'toan:cau'v~v....· cit1n¥ c~C:: .
cifoh fiep·~~n mm ·.ay 1a:·cl:i:s(f:n&n ~ang .cflp,·i~·ra dotcua·khoa .
hue chfnh' sacb. .,
. ,,. Nhfing n'am d[u· ·~u.a"th6:k~ X}c; tbJnh ph'u ·piic. ~1¢crc. tu
Mn ·di ·dung chinh: =sacti .kihb..cte·a~·aan;th~~i(vao· r,.o~t .:ct~ri-g c~
th~ cua t~ trtrO'.ng, lam.~cho ~.tc quy lu~t.ki~ t!;- ;di. hQi ditn
~a__ ~~e~..9.n:t~~n ~~P~.~r~~~!·~~ N:~~. n!!9c.J*~ •ch9~g 1~ sg d6
va cua. nen kinh' te'.t11 dci~ Th.eo· nguftfu .ry· ~iia k.inll te hq~.hi~n
d~i; pfo~.m tru "ch'i~h:si'ich .klµh.t~' IA"d~. ttiqng itghi~n ~th!
ciia kirih t€hQcvY.ni6. ·mi~m· vy -.cua .no''.:tto~_g ri~rikinh t€ th!
truang la.,iac d.¢.ng~ 'di!u ehirifr eaC:bqc ph~ c~fu.th~ith.~ua u~n
k.inh te d~ i~o ra m9t ''dja t:,ari '' on" 11!iih. ~40 qua trlnh ·:phat
tri~n cua· m~rt6 chlic=,k.fuh>-te. - . xa: h¢1. .Tif.·dis. ruia.. kinh.te h9c
ng11ai Anh la t'N.1 r<~~es: c1:883 - l94.9J. tm'.Jdring .:din1i: f~ng
Nha ·niioh ·~fui'ci~~g. c;hlnh saeh de khttyen·':kbich kli.u vi;c tu
nl].an da'.u tu: vao .nen J,dnh ·te: thong ·qua pac h(:tp' d.ong c6 rrq
c~p ·tai chinh va tin dQng;c~a--NJia~ nufic, ·nh~ t~oira sf! 6n
d!nh va lqt nJJ.u~n. cao·lrting:· dtn::tu cu~.:frt: .nhan; .NtiA mroc
phai sir. dJJng chlrih sachthti!~va.:co~g"trai mcri t~'ci' ra· nguon
tai ch.lnh b6 s~n:g she)1.g'1..n sielJ:,:vU:a &fritt6f;dtrO:ng. o~ may
quan ly,. v:Ua ;tang 'cuCt:ng~·~tu ftt',cho ~c rtnh :Vf5c·~~~g cg.rig
theo yeu cau .~hung . .ci'Ja.;ai':h(}h·Nha nttdc;duhg: clilhh.sat;h .d~
khuyen. khich 1unh doanh va tleu ~·~ng: ~fn~~ nn.~i~o· l~p
.. ~~n ~ol ·ci11rg~'.'. ·cau:irong;nen-ldnh~t~~bihg~~~~li::ICnU"y6~dchfGh
mqi hlnh thuc dd:u ttr, .kinh ·doaµh, philt. trten vi~c f~m. ,don.g

6
 ihf;!i ~nuy~·n 1difch tieu· dung .cua ngU'cri .giau, Uing cu;cmg ld1a
.nang.mua .$!rp. d-13: ~gucr~;igh~P trongx.a h9i v.v .•. Tuy nhien,
<~q\q°i,1a .P~ c:ao vai tfo .cu~ piha n116c ti:qng vi¢c <;\I.mg cac cong
.c~ chinh saq_h g~;can thi~p trgc ti~p va9.m9i ho~td¢~g-kinh te
;'1·1;~~;~9~.>:A~J~···fho:~e~ lc.iiill_~t~:·n~y ~h(nl\.cli~!i(~ai ~~o· tr1
•.. 9.·;.,
. · · •••tre··t~··:~,..:~'·1-.1
:·:.
1
i,ikho.ou :16.i .lho.at.' :· :, -·' .': : ;·.i .
~~o.~. ·~ · r·"' ··• ~~· ·
. · ~· . ·. ~~ ·
· ., ·
i · :... ·,, .. ·

·.. . :.:$.au; nbttngi'rrn~(kiµ . c~a: ·vi~~' si'.r .dq.ng .c~c ch(z;ify

. • • ....: 4 • t
-s·~f Ji
: .....
~
~on• • •• ,. • \ 1••.., . . . . . . . f'\,1. ~ l l.
-:pA·\.I'.qng-::ti:'en :.d~Y.f ril:ia ~~'inti !·te l.19c':rl6ii~i~hg1JigirorMY.JaJ~auI
•,' ,o• • , 1 . ·. . • • • '• , •' ~· .. • ..' \.• .. t~ It;• ~'\C'\ . 'r J;t • • •...••

:S~oo:u!f.Js'on:d~:~~~-;;;i!gngt:mot·ngll}ie.ii'·1g "hatb:aµ:~tay~':-~~~~g do
c;,o.~-~·~~r-· hqp·~g1~.'nh~;,riU'.~c v~i !hL~.~~~Hg,~~B~~\~\9(:¥~~~~nh
~At::~::e;t~~\p~a~"~r~h.:~m11'.1e'':: 1ia"M1:~. b°9'.:'.;t{~Ji~i1'hp~~:~!~)!}iet
riivc
·•'-'
pfla...··p,lµlt.'.'.ki~ii
,.····. •. •
rriai-.·rtaf;n~n
., ... ·
liiiiaRfiet~~xuai~~f
··.· ... ··\,..,) ... : ........
.giig ve ~: ~··~·:•-1',~·

·!'~~(nh.A.~~9.-:d~~,~: ri~t.110,p ~gp'~.14a . ~l ;v~(i'~d~fioijg. xa ·h~'i :1119r

... ce;~qht..~~·'.dan~.,· ·.:-./ \,_._.:>.:" :.:::- ",:·.-·: ·Y· ;:......... ,_; .. :" · .·,....
~- :' <Ng~y
' ' •
~nay kio.li'o te thi .ti.:ticin-g:·da .pMt ~rieriJ~J;i,Oqg.
• · "' • •' r •' ·' ~ J•
:_~:gung 1 <!• .,J ·• - ;,. I'"'''" · •'::"1 "" ' 1 " ' ,•

. . •c;ibvtfqhi~.u
.••. . .
iQfig;;.va. dnie'~ \sdiif.h~i{dKbriil~. 4lu: .t~,va:· ~in ~~uai
• .:'>: ..... ........:.: ... . ~ ~ ~;,'.;':I:···•. "; .. ·, . .:'~·-":~·· ;-.:.;1J~. "i1;,1'.J1 lt:.: ,, ..
¥.1nh!9.o'~nli ·n·g~y:i:;ang'~ij)i~ir::t~m:·:~@~chJ@;);*'*=,~~Y.. ~r.l,va
' ·pbat,'ttien;'.n~rl"~h1~ii'tli!'.:trilah~.<cti'.<ihJli~~h~8c tit1~h' c'O'~g;~htr

.;,'~::4~~~~~~\\\tt~l!f~·::~i~~)~~
-.,: ;,do'ai'1h'.ingh;i~-p·~~;~~~~eff;:r~~b'!~' v~:B~H:Hgbitt~nh:;ih'P.:.qu6~/;gia
, "°''.••· '. .~. ."~ .~·. ~ ·.;...:_'.t;'•. ,.•.~,;.·,;.:-:.-::if•..,:.- ·j~·l.:¥·•:~··~··.·.:.·:~j'~f'!.j'~· >.;.;~ ~r-;:~' •~·~I.,."·'.. :-:· ...

. mrp.c:;.:.xu •rheJ'lgi.
···•·
p:b.~p. v_'!-:ile .p~u:
• .... ·. \' :.-·..._.,,, .,~
P;Qti:8 :,t~M.;t;g~~: R/?, k~t ff':1.~:-Y.~o
,,.,;.:-..; ...... ..!"4··~· '·"'l'•:\1.,~ e· •. ., ... ·'·, ....•: , , ,
1••

·qua "~r~11p.·;;n·i~pJa.c\~;_a/p~ff'c9!i~'Jap :~9hg:~ . pfy~Jli yJ .kJi~. :y,i,rc

-vii l9-a~ &au.'-Bat:n~u~~JHn~:~~cli~NhK nti16c o6i ·5~~ dan. fl.en ihay·
nhitn~g thay !i6i~'.ve rh.aLd.9·~doi xlr va cct'cp(qu~n.19·Ytmo .cua
; ~~- ri~RFr ,~gm.-ch():;:~hfoh>$:~ch ·q'~u.·fo ~i1y k;Jnh :dd~~~'.' ~ua
doartk:nahiep··· ;df:a:t·p;".·r~~b ·ra~/KeLqi.trai~~r tri:t_c.ua ·w.B"·:cho
.... : ·~· . . ... :'-"~ .. ' ....· ~;;::i... . ..... . .. .· ·~- .. . . . .
. th.ay. hi~n:(n;;y M:u· i1~t ¢~(.~oA"rif(·n~Jhi~p· tl:iu9c cac _quC)c gia

7
 . !1· , ...
. :-~.. ~·

. "·

khtic . 1Jlu1u::.t:r:c·n, ih.c C.i6L~oh.·c~'~ttci~·~'m.6uci:.ldto.ne1;~difrv&;nn:uno. ·

c- ~ • f;~"'"• ~ • • • .. • •• · • ~... • ...,. • .. I C"

th tty cfO'i ·tl9r:·11~9t ::di:~ chl~9: ~ac~1; v.r:.fu~.~ ·:s·~··lh:lY. 46k·kh9.pf. :'
dotln· t11!6ccfiiclc c~i{ffi.rri6:~ti~h J)a,n;,cii~~s~~k-€6,:tiiea:l\lr .d8; vft .~:~ '-;
1rohg kihh do~11n~ '.lant :g'~~·~ur·~d.aU. ·i~~:·il~n :~hija:n1r::1tubhg
~a giiini IQ'l nhu~til cUi: di:c d:lj: ~·~~ ph~t,''.tri~n./Tr?.n~f $6. cac
dounl1 nghi~'i:> dirge t.ttel:C:frn., ccttiJi g·a1r;SO% :cac nna· kirth
doanh thui~c CQrtirdo;ng:cU'p.':q~§~·ghi.:-:49~~,li};p; (CIS)chci rang:
n.hfrng thay d6i. khong"ih~:"do~n trir¢c:.ve ~h#lh"sach . da Him'
arih .hi.tong ngbiem ll'.c,>.ng....~n,."'c6ngsvi~q ~~nh do:m'fi cua hQ.
(Bab c:io. cua W;:~· ve:~Idtilt t~: xa· h9l ·tne" giql Jtam :r997- ~~· NXB
-~

i
I

Chinh tri quoc gia nam 19'98. - 't~i. li~u :thain khao ttang 5 J).
De ung: phoNOi nhung thtty: d61.h&'t h;ii cfiaJthf trtrortg ho~c ne
lranh nhi!ng anhi huerrig."kh'tiiig. mb~'g ·rr1u6p cu:~ ..moi ttltbhg vi I' I

mer do chfrth.phu·t¥o·dgng/va Ciuy·:irl~·q~t pffa.J<iµ~\dbanh.P.hai 1.

sir'di}ng.m9t h~ thong chirih .~ach. kinh 4·qan~..fhfch·Ji~ v8i d
ca che. quan Iy Nha n'tr?k·v~· 'G:d clie'.th! ·triri'ing-~ti·u;.;ch'fnfi sach .
diiu tu; chi'nh :sach thu hui~:. sfr d~ng ·va it'ilf 11i9'.:nhan tah th-fnh
sach ticu:.ih~· ·san. ph3'.m;, chrnh. s~eh ·1it>~·ric;ing ~.i. .bao h<? an
ni.nh vi¢c :lum. '.chfrih s~Qh mi~n· giam
'tllug._ph~i n.9p: t.h~iti chi
. =chu~c
c6 cii.. chi'.nh ·sach mua .. nhttng
.
ngtrai thgc .thi.cong .v~.
'

·v.v.•. (
·I '·'

fJ61 voi cac nfu kinfi. t€,,t~P:'trung1 ma d~i di~.11 iii,:C:ac

.~

mrac trongphe xli h~i eh6.·ngfiia::{XHCN).cii_.,Nba:nito¢d:ing

da Clung .chinh· sach dtdiiu. hii.nh. t_rgct1~p·cd:e mQ.i-:~iHin .n~
trong ncqkinh le nhi.t.quan h~:l~i'icl\ ~ii.fa ~.ac g:iai.cap•. ca¢ . ~ •.-
rang ~op trong ~a h9i! .g:i~~Nha nui.k yi:ri nhan t!iln ·v. v~~ Gv . -~­
i.
the ve chfnh sach cun·g ;c6. lien.·rnitth. c6ng nong V.l. 'Le-nin.
vi.et.:· 11 Giai.c£p \10 san v6i llf·'dch'1i-glal cap)nnh d~·o. th6ng t
~·
er! .pMi bielhcr&ng thfplr s~c,h'-yfto vi~t ghli qu}rir tnr& i'icn .. ~'.
1.I: .•
1:
..
:t; ,\'
 .· vfiri:>jd~'-
i":s!'1,..,,,. ..
~.~p,~thi~t.;:.rµffu
..,':t\l:r.·~·
··:·
.~h9t.-Dl1f(lJ~.;:.d,}lng.nl}ii:ng
.. : ·~.!li':.J"; ~:t,.,.;; .~~·r~i.,.t.J·U·U:.).
.. •• : ..... .:...·
J;i~~.n ~:Pl~~P 'c.6
..:e..: ... , •• ....... ...._.;:1,:,"'·..
.-~ ~ ...... c: ~~·~ ~

x~~·:~e'.p~W: ~1~~ 'ns~)':;·hiig~gJ!f~:l,4'.g~$~~~,f1:

,·,., ~'J•• ~•• .:!T1.. , .... , , . , ......,..,.,•.
.L' , .._;-.,.,
. XJ!;~,t
, .... , .. 1t)
. ~fmJie.C1
l•J">)" ~,.,_;i.,
..... 1 ,~'.~h
i,.,,~"f." •r.•·"'"•~Ar~•:r,n. o-1.,

.le :fi@.cig,:~~ii'ri ...::·v~1,:.;1;e:n1l:i~"T&ti:n. ·rai~·· ;-~l.ap:.:~~-:· '.NX'K:?ll)Mi,.

'~-, ,,,1
• .J ... •••• ·, ... :-· • .. .:-: •i: -;.-;:.1'\· ..;;,. . •''
·J' .,· .. ·;·. )(··..:•: ~.·,e-,:11~~·:·j',t"'11~ ;,:11:_~ .... .,_" . ~ ~t·.:t· .\f'I.~·"

J970>'t'(aii~~442'h'·"f~ :Klii]J~'@.~:C1i[nh qli¥ftn.~:pµ~t99~g :~an

.,u~11;'.~9:\i~\ Nha:%.i:fet&%!a. -~i~f~il~~,~11: 1

. .. \' ~\
,~~fr·;~1~'f~~J;,~ra¥1:~µ~11
f . )... ··"··.... ~ ~ ·"'Jf<l ... t";·t"l:vf.· " ........ ..t
de vua .huy 9.9ng-.4µq<C.'aa ftf.i2;fhgflc>,b:11nh'ait·~~lif¢;':y~r 1\fC'cno
#•

li~3:P~f.,~¥,~ ·Gg~t:SMVAS~X~·~BM.t:~~~l~!lh~ph4:~~~,h~u~Jl'ir11ng, .
nl~~I }~ -!tj·~,~i !.~ P?Ag, ,~,g~J~P" .~M x~~~'.9,9 ri_g::.~~n_g. ;aat1 vao ,h_qp
-t<i.~~-"~~/;X}·~fp'~R,,;g~;;~~~l~?.;~~-~M: ~hfolr:5.~~h tK~nh <~e m¢i,
. ~~~:.~n~~tt~~q~;·:n.9~~~:'.~~~ff~?.ie~k~y~i t}~-~8'.kM~~ sJ~n~.:h9 ~uqc ~oi. ·
'nliiiri:.:·.. nhiln'.!.rihuoni
l!l ·, thU.i;riig ···i1;i:.!·
:.,. •., .• , .. : ..~.1·...
..1:f6i. ·"'~6i ;.tiguy,~-n
·.:.•·:-.·::'4: ... ··,,\·:·:.·..... ··•· ......
;_;..:~1!· :ni:'·;.~.~; ..
~ac nhuang
. . ~

ngh i'~p
. :,•l•1•,1
'l ~·:n:lj'a~ .. GlMtiJf s#P:,, tto.;po~ma
...
.
co :y rtgq1.aJ6ri-: :~!lo :q~
·\',:,:::.~~:.':'·· ·~·' •.ii::::~~;c.ir.f•f ;'1:r'.(!~J:~ ;J".!-t• rf'r.',' ·-.~,. •t;-' I
a . ."}~ ~ • ·

ch.,~;'~¢ ~hap:·1a.a: '.Tom~'lai ~':clleu·:ch1fo 0 Ja ·can.'P,haL; l?Jn.du9iche

~ . :-.:.~:· . J.·:l .. i ~; j.;~· · ·~ tic;:~-=··L ~. 1~r~
t1 . ·g. (1f::.::.1 t~ ·;u..-.1::~.~l.1? ..;:>-!·.. \..·~·:\·'~ ·.-~· :o'~J ... .. ·- ......
d1r'chmH,:su¢f(~1nfft~ :m6:i Jal~p h<;rp·nl1.~i(~1~~-gJgP.~n,~~_g,_~~n
Ng.a:~ha sfl.u rg.rig yiio. hqp ·tijc xa~ ·v~ h.i~r{nay c;~.~n_g)i!-):ta tirri
rn):>h.~q~~ ,sa5.~::~tJj~?~t;9i ~tF~;t~ ,nP.~b.t~i~rt~Ki~'M,~·i;Ai.~.i~,r
tu . 1111~·n:;}·oV.Y,i ~~ :19h.ii·"itU:q~,¥rcl¥:\1>o~t.Jqtfi~~;ilf.9~ }'Tv·:i:t;~~hi_n: .
.Td~ S~~-z:?i:l:~:~~:~· A.~~~':::~J~f:~H~~~~l~~;:t~zg~t-~!.~gK~-~}~::·:_;;·.-
1 3
·: ~:·;· 0.·1:nu:a:c·:.:fash'.di!Iiiiih::,fil·e.n' vaFtta:cui.Jnot 'NM.' nti'.O'c~.d.an
ch4ltn11~.o;~~ri/ri~~~1:&'.l~~1 ii.i'~r~1~~~~;;'.r~~~ ¥3iiit~;~~. Af.fi~:· ~~.&.~
1

ta da-x.ac dirih -~'~i tr?;> eua. C,:hin.h sach·klnh i~:.ciia ntra.c·v-1~1

' Narn.~4Sf1 -~~~. p9qg· I19,~ ·J~~·:l,~bpQg~;n:gfrng;1*~r:rd~n-~a? xuat
•d~,\O.~n;~.~f~oi g~1 ;:~~~~;_:Q:µ:~. ~hfW.t~~n;·~~.p~~; t~:~~:f,EiJeii'.~p~.aI? sua
4ol.;Rt!~ ~:~\ J~R~·, _11;::'.~~"1~,:~9.! ;::~Ji9.a~:-.r::11 F~,y:;:1,~/;.2f1:9~~\)::lp ctir
Mi:iJn~:;v). .Qofi;l~p,::vf.cli:Q·;ngh1a:~~;h9i;·1iX.:l3::sg. 1h~r/Ha-J'll¢i,
·I~1orrf~~:~:~f~iJ::·· '.:. '.'. ·. ' ·-. . · · ·· · '
ttl~n .,ph~p na~) 9;$9·· c;P-11~·. :ia~: ~t!1ih: .. !',M:i;it . ti~s11 . c~1foh
~ach''.l?:fofr:f~:~cua':~~frr4s{G9~~:h·bt:~~·ii~t·~li·~··:iiih7a,'vi~t N•ull
.,.

..:.; 9
...,
. .
. .~;
 I ... .,;,··~··.' .• ,, .,._.

ia t h'i:>a man ng?.y .cairg .~§t~a:n .ri.hu -c.au;.··v~t:.,;chat:..:\t11'??~iiifiO.ii

:.r:,~~~:f't~~~~~~iJ1~i~tt~~~!!'t~
d¢ IAnrchu .i.~p'.the XHCN·~~ . n~·h:k-:hoa-~§c,·~t~h~~~;gi~n:d~i. ..
!
·.~~-~~sii~rL~1~~-P.liit>.».~m:.:129.i.. :1\tti~*~~c.ia cuilg".liien: ~ (\

dinb hang.lo~t v(n::de:ve·.chirlh~~ch riJit!::. .. . f

•r .. . . ,, . "· . .. .. ·~ . : . ;.
.Chfnh. sach 'kinh tt: ·~Mile dit:h :chmh. saclt.kinh-te:eua
·. . .. ' . .. .. .
t
• .M

~ha ntrac i~Jam ~h.ti·:dAri . gi~µ riµdc . rri~tth.• ,·a.ip \t.rig rtg~y·.cang .~-
-~-l·
'.:.:

tot hon· nbu cau· V!t cli!rv~ ·tinh tlUfo eila.·nM.n :'da:h·fr~n· ~er' scr !
giai phong ·mgi-n~.ng IQ'c·_si.n ~uat...:~h~f.ht'i'f·~m.9f ti~~;:nang '
cua.cac thanh .ph&n ·kinlf-te~dtr6Ltihi!u liifihJnifc.·th\ic·diy·xay
dyng ·ca so· v~t c4atJ~y thu~.1:: .tnbr¢n·g/hgp Jic kinh te~" khoa
.hc;>c -~ ky ~h11 ~ yEtgiatj.ltiU ~l1Lth! trµCing·'i~e- gioi~': {Pi~u 16:
Hien phap nain i9921~ ·
- Chfrm sach..vfoftn-t9c~ ;'Nha·ntrcr(NhtJc hl~np~(~h sach .
I
b)nh.dihg, ~63.n.ket;t!l'ang n:q_'.giU'a c~c d.~t¢.c~ nghiein c'~ r
mt?i hanh "vi ~Y thfchia ie., d·fu-:t9c. Nila. tp!6c· thl;!c ·h}.~n. chfnh !·
I
i;
. sach ph.it tr.ien ve..mgi.m~ti tung btrof nang' cao ct&t-so'ng·v~t (

chat v~ tirih than;cua-d(1n15 bao:.'thi~u,s6~·~ «PI~µ 4, Hien ph<ip· ;.

l
t .
1992).
- Chinli sach ·dOj. ~go~i: ",~ttO't C9,ng hoA Xii.;'h9i .Chu
nghia Vi~t:Nam tli\rc·hi~Ii;chtnh ·s~r;lt hq~ blnh. hrfu nghi .tnC:t
r¢ng ·giao ·lu'tt v.a h~ ta;.;:. v6i Ui( era eic_ :nuqc .tr~n. tht' g}oi,
kh6.ng phan bi~t ch~d°ey eh:foh trj va>xa. h(;ti.lchai: nhau,tr~n Cd
so ton trgng d¢,c l~p chU quy~n.va toan v~n:lanh.:·ih'6.·duiCnh~u.
ktifitig can ~hi~p vao cong:.vi~c -n9i b9 c~a nhau·; bl.nh dfu\g .va
cac b'~n dmg ~~~<tHDi~·ul4~Hi€riph~p-l991)v.~~:. ·:·
Nhtr ~~y c6 tM th!y' tren c-i phu&ng di~n ly thtiyet Va
10
 th.tfc tl l.uon ton 'ntj·fri.9t. c,ach kM~h quan cac chfoh sach cua
Nh;a nJi6c it eLci u:Y. trl :s~. ph~t.tri~11. kP.ong ngU:ng kiµh te - ~a
b,9L,,..y: ·.:

' 1A~.9N£m.~l~m..y,~,~fl~ll:Q::S~~h;~O.ng
, .. P/ha~:µ~ad·Ji .'~ttri~(he~~a~1:a.1~n.:cho:iq@eii'luc j~ua .~Mn
.;~an.
·
J:iari:h~o:~
·
chrrih,:~~Ch:c~n~if~
·. ... ·.,. · • · .. 1.:,
ffi;~u::P¥.~:19~'.is4. q~~ ;·¥h.~.i. ~i··~ ,1"t)•s;.~1 . ... 1.;1~*·'· ..:·~ •~ • . 1l·~~·
;;#9.~t ..:P:¢.!l_g:·:'.c.ua(:Nha!hlfcr~Jkn,opg~:9µJ;:'. t'a:¢· ,~9Ijg":aen· 11!9~ ~~fl.u "
.' • . . . . 1. . ,. . . . . . . : ~ .... ,-. <t!·· ;,..r...,;.:}(f'f"\"'"J.(t,'1 t;:t.--:V~'l·.:.t,;. .J..:,,,;J>;.
"~ Yl!I:'.·~ ,~Q!· 'i!9Jih~P-. .fi.µ!l; . :su-::nn!~·,,~:U~~)n,~~tac. ;g9,~~ ~~9.~,g·: 1$:~
}en: ~91-::461.ti,rqri:~~,~n: ~Ii~'ni:::v.t;~uoc:cg1.a:. Ta<d~n~: E~~(Ji.lpa
ni.r6'¢. den cac dof urgng .G9 tM mang tfnh chfnl{'tri, h~nh
' . ,.
chfohi
·!• ·j··
· kinh ti.bay ·ii:thii}~hduoc
'J.i.,, \'"" ,
long;.gMp
.. ,;·;.,; .. 1.....·,,:.~..~.'!f
.... "''..".-:;•·····.··::, • . . .·
;vao .·;i:ai·co .che
.·'~:-.··:ti.~;

··'qii~iFfff 'i:ti~u· 'b.arih'.ihohg ,nb~t.r:1:>:9,l'lgJhoi

• • .• '·~·-: '•.._j_'•,~t' ..•J 1,
:·,. ,1,, ·'
·~x:o.ng..nhfi'n~··tho1 'ky
...;1_<i'tJ.:'r••:.:.··•1·.~~·.:-! .~ ,I ' .•·•' ·. ,.,, . . ·t

. :ph~~~ ~~:1~nJ5~~~\:~~~i..;_9J:!u~ .~aR;, ,.,. ~ll!~m ~Y9 ;:µa' ;Nli~; :n)I(fc

. .f~,n_tts~·'s,tt:;fh~~ ~~,9r~9~,B~C~ '.~tif~h .hQJ1Pli' th(~a ~quiin rMi:n
've :¢~!~)1;··'.~*~h . .c'!ng'·;c~fig,:_d!IQ'.P :ti~p3;.~?.'.f.Li. (:ac::g9c:·~9 ·'.kMc
. nhi.u·:··i '· ,,...... .. ,... ·"'" . . . . . . . . . '. i ..
:l·":-·(:.<·· i " .:' ..·. J: ;~~J-~·:...: -~~· .)·:.i ~- ::':J.:~-~ ·.';; ;_. . ...
. :., <.... ":Tf9!ig '.~~C:; n~n .~!ilh i~¢"~r~ '.ti"\.r~#g;~~~~·.;~~6.~":~~g~;nf~ttr
!'.l!fn:g. ,qcf:,ch~::71an nanh.·mangi:~a:a"ntf.~V.crr:¢iG :quf-hil"f kliii¢.h .
'q··ti~r;:.
.... , ,,." ..
<l& ";;·ifan,
~.,1;:- •·•~:.-;'1·
iy·'~.:a~~~·fi~,;'fi:··ki~~~-i~;;0:.:~\"~h:aii:·1t!~k~/i.filifg[
.. ..-,':', {,.: ·•• -l 0
··::;" .. 0 ••::•
;::·
·
.,f'~4 .,. ··: ... ,~Al'·~·,·.·••!' ~\''.:"•:..-;~~···.'··~· ·0~

trticrxf;;,:,ffi:9Ii ·Nn~\.nir~C'i,bliii/chll ·ifo~a:\p:hinli~c·!iieiVifihiFYir .C:Tio

·~~i'ti~~~~j.i'~i;~':~3t~.',~i:~~~~ii~i\:£e6§;~a.J~~~t:-~~~t'.~~,~~:'sin
thier"·:~P:JliJi. JJ.stP .~ri.i'a}:;Nha ·~n;µ;oGy~yiJt-'''·rhVtrU'ong ma··.pa.ur
Sarq.u.el~q.~ "·~hp /~n.p~ .. "C~~l}b.~sJ29 ,g9n.)a.:-si;;·~~oa ·~i~p ~ cua
·Sn.~~h.i¥liu ··~~~·ti~i*~.H,'~~F~:-t~iJ5aY,"'1=~.k.hl:d~¥i3es';:ban han~
·chfrln>s.adf' ·(Klhh:.:te-~noc·
·· ·: ···{ --::: · · . : .......,:
~~ V~en/:k1rili)t·e·hoc
. . ... :· .:·;1;.i:K- :.! '!.·.·~.·-:-~~·i:io ;~.~:~
\'.:l3oiNgoai;
,.. : ·. ··..t:.r- ..·:· 1 -:-· · ·:-. ,.. . •·
$iao· ..
1 ,.'~! ··~

t~:p J~trang .·tJ})~~~ntf.:'v~y\co thit~hay;. ·chfoh ·sach 'la ·nhu~g .

. baali .d'Oria·: co tfrih loan"
•.. i'.:l . " """ .
c6a Nha·· niicrc d~· d6i pho y¢i doi
' '. .... "V":. . . ~ ": .' :•" •·:·"

· r.Wl,t;i\g~qU,~.Jy th~a:httdhg;:qJSh,g::t~n~.;haY,"phart cfoi.:.Ho~c xuat

...
Il
. ·. ~ .
 ph1it ttr .y ·ch! c~~t··J\l:h~~mr6p;frptii.''hp~t' ci9hg.:qfr~11Jy,,:~«a:'h~l"~·a
·~<\mes· E.. t.t~cJ.9orr.:~Jio::crA6:g:;·¢/mtit.;sqfk 'f:'pil~g':;Ul=',diiilM htii1h
· · · ··cr~;·/ifi. lleh': l(ciji .i;Jiiif(¢ ;!i?it~~(i!i:f./iiP:Nira 1,,ni(t1/:'t1lljftri::'dililr ;/tra ·
C/i{;i1. 'T-i Jlin~i"rian[6.:~'-:7o;,.;quail-rti~in"'"nhil-· V.~.y; v~~ chiith ..
. .:s~~ch cii~g tq r6 ch!ijlt~a~ir:la.sv!Jt.ra ¢hQ.n::.h,anh~·d94;g,c.:/1a NM
.. nl.rac· rrong nhifog di~u kizyn :h6ai(can·h. rlh'ifdirih d{ d* dµqc
rnuc. tieu.. ..
... ··
. Cilng.vi:to· thO'l:·gian na.f&Hon·Ky,·x,µeft hie11· µJl!lrig,q:uan
ni~m• · v~.:.ch'£nh.'sfi'cfi·:dort:0:
khac ,· · . · ~· . . klf6n~·
fua . .... e dtf;c . ...-sort.a
. ....... 'd.ai · o :xii
h¢i thtra· nh~p. Ching :h<;til m9r:po~t 4¢ng ~¢t xu~t. ngiu ·nhien .
cua chfoh ·quytfn .niurtuyeri: b& cua vj' :Bg: tr~ang: h~y mgr
quyet dinh ctia:. Tong thefng ·cho 'corig nha~, vi~.n· ch~c to~n
quoc ngtii' bu m¢i: I1gay vlngay li! sftp den. trung vO'i ·I1g~y chit
nh~t Jh1 khOng tM ·coua::mQt chirih s~cn ¢ong~ ])mu ·dn. phftn
bi~t a day ia s~.:.~hil.c"rihau: giU:~ ri{¢r qtiyti't dinh Uctn. ~h':trvai
m·9r chuo:l ,cic.quy.et d·!nh duqc ·xay d'ipig san phfJ h,gp. vcri.ccr
.che vi}ri d¢ng·vl .m!Jc tieii .dinh hitartg. la thinh.·s~(;h. Nghia.. ta
theo h9,. cl1inh .sach c6ng:·phai" bao h.am hang "io~t n1tfrng ho~u
dQng co· "y thtk theo m¢t.tit\1C H~u ri~o 06 oua Nh'a nuoc. .
.. Tuy nhien cling. c6 rigµai cha. r~p.g;· .chfoh sa~h cong
tr.trot.:· het !a phai. hu6ng':t6i· ph~c V!} $6 dong trqlig xa:hQi :dh fa
trl/c ticp hay gian ti~p,:·cnif.~llo~g ~M .firi&rig· .lot ~nqcca nhart·
nae.
Nhtrn.g cri~g l~i ·~d -q~ilni ,•l lden.:.thie~ ve" tfnI) kl.nh .te·
cua cac hof;lt d.9ng 'Nt1a ntrdc· nen 'hg ·cho rtmg. chfrih.sach .c6ng.
11lk€c 1.ipJil~n!l ct~l1g m~Nil~. ~U'.ot:h~diigtdi. ¢h&:kh~~gpfl•li
la nhttn'g d,g kicit la .nhli'n(lcri.n6i :khan~ di doi v6i vice Him,
• ~ \mi..· • . . ...... .. ' • •

.. s6ng .. Du tiep. c~m theo. tath ntro th!. rtbfrni?"""

khong di vtw .cuQc ' .

. 12
 } · ·· ;i:µc.• (!Qi.ig .elm t'.'!l1a:,~g,~~-~ 4.V.9~;~p.iJ~:¢hJµh.:il'».~1t~ong. deu .phai
.f. .c6. nh.!l~g.~et th~ng sau .dfry:· .: .~ .·.. -. ..
·· i .. -·1-a~- d9ng'pl1iU' mang·;itrilihk9t1'.g·i6'r1!',: ·....
{ ". ;·i:;a !L\1u:~~~a~~·ct9~g trr~m¥2::t.i:ef.laµ·~ga~ h~~ J~ay_.91;i
f. •t.d~~9) ..... ,_:~'i',_~~,,:: :''.i,.-·.'fj:;,:,;;·· :·-~~;. ·, '•"''·· .:~;::.+ ..''.':'{'· ,_.,. ;;;., ..... ' .....

t ·· -· NhUf!g h9~r d¢ng· d6. pµai -inang ~fi:i.h. ~~ r.~o:ng; _c)n .d!nh
1· ...Y1.:E~~ .~9p..;~gi.,q~.a~ :4~~rri q1llhli tif~~t~~r·~~~~.~i{'d~p~ .c~.fnh
·[ ... :·\~1~~~h~.:. ,· :· :'·.)'.. 1..... 1':1·~· .~!··;:- ''· .. .... • ...•

: . .t.: . S~ hi~n di~n cua chfnh. s~¢'h'-'l~o~g' ~·qj s.6ng i·~-.~~9i Iren
.

. , .: ., ~~Y. :·c~p JP.~Y.r~~~Y ;J.~2m¢t;::C?Jlg1~\rtquan '~g···c6 "fi~~ :qy,ap -·~-~lt

.
. •t ·· th1et d~n :sl.j Y.~n. 9,~pg<;c.~ <¥.·J?:h~h):t~p:g'!~:ti'ifal'h~~~O'ng~~"c~hfhh
I ;

·.1 s.ach
· ···: · <~,. vlia
. .,.....-cunz
· ·c6·:rii~m ,.tin· d1amh~n ·-t:lan ~:vaci ·Nh$X:.rilroc1 vtra
·.1~~:.rt::.~..;...-'n.;~.~~· ....·'·J:.::"?·•. :.. . :~ """'··; .:.
-..;.\*·.... 1
. 1: • .••• •

··. tn~ ·hf~!C·s\t'!~:,R~~~;p§.~t $~.~<l:\.11~eY.~J?; ;:y.g~g ~cua·, c:ac~'·lil~g'..l;~P

i •

.~
f ·'ri:~~~f.~~!X ~~iL9,~'9~fq~&~'.~!{:s~~a;~.~~: ~µgg;.:.(tlie.,hi.~n Aua<m.~c
:~
~
-~"rt!!'ci"~'.2hflili~~~~li~)1?tu~1ii~niii~~:b_~~ii~aN~i nti~~,:;1tnhir~\1an
'. lt
cho t.h~y~· .ne.u en~· dq ,~hay ct6,i .t~t. Yi~~. 4~P;:~f};.§ !f ·~h.~.Y.·Jo i v~
• • , . , !'! • ~ ~I ~ ., ••. ;/i :- ·o•'••• < j·{ ·•}•~·• , "'• , ... ! , .,. , , I• • t ,

;cbmrr;sa~'f1.;;®iei.fo.Uo:¢uh·ai'.:co' ifa'liTit"'la· :Chfrin sach;.mari. a :.t~nh

,. :i.~t~~ifr}·~~~:~~(j:~f:.~::~~-:··,:j:':;z~;~;~~~l~~'..'.:(~;·~;'.:~7i·'.~;.,~~;;-:.·~t'.·.:;:;~, · ·: :·..
.,, .·; .,,;.::.Tl'oIJ::t:~rhifc:- :t!!i'3he.':11,.;.,·:nay·. . . : c~;
• ' ' ' '\,{ O > :· '' ...
,1hc;.A~:.i:i~Q_g:;\?,~.~il::.rwy::.l<h1
•,; ~ ..... • r~_.1-,
,.-.:.,'l't-.• ... J ',;.;1,, ....... ,j).MJ,1 .... , 0 •., O" ... " 0 '•

::th~hl.t?~itng.f~t'J!··cua~lia
~.·: .,·:' •• ' .......... • .:· ......
fi'rr6c·t~'Y.aP'fii9f
•..!. .•
~tfriji#!Jg.~n~P..a9:co
·-:~ ··('~ ";:•.~'f~ ,~
.. ""-·-' . • • ·1_;·..-i~.:; ·1;r,1•··#·~

·::P.h~·
·
'h9ifv¢.i::ngu·yin;·'.v9.n~.:wn_'.
,,·( , .• \. ".;.· ~..
:a~~~ :£.Ha '.~,~11 f~h!Jpj J.1.~)':;kJJ9.µg.
, .,. l·"·tt·M .. ,.~.~'.·.;··· 1 ·.,,.~·... J ., .• .,.i~ 1,,,1..;";;. ••
:'Yf P}J. ~rQ.ng~ffi·~o :a,g9t~µ.~c:~~p,ii\:~li{~ ..~l~u f.~;ftJ~~~9.u6f,i~~:Ju
:P.nai.·pliat·1ir.i~n 1tri6'll:~·;rrk:ti-h~~:?a@r:ri~11 ~-<e~·o-·.a~h irr .· a~-0.fao ·rthan .
·-,¥~/:h~hd~&~i,:nifo~'.!.~1¥~~~~~~N~:·_p1i~!):~;-~~~~?·6~·ii!lf:~;~~~~~ .
,
: ;
..r r,hrfri: -vhai· iheo~ 1it~;~cl~?.'~i'g ;de '.d~h,1~:lj~o·:s~:#a:«*-[fl:~r"~~n. Jmcyh:

··.t~~~i~~:.t;!;~iJ~~~~lf~Jt!~~'.:}I:~~~
'

::·· 13
.... ;
 :i•·· :?f. :.
' ... :.. ~- .
. chfuh kii!n·'tre.n d~Y.. t~~ :PiWi:::t;a.:.mIJ,C,:,tl8u·;eta ii!Ith:i~<cbfnri'. ..
" . sach rna:Nba)ill'.9~.d#!P.g'.;~ire.o'.#ti6i(,. · ~ ·~· •'.· .·· .O:, : • . ; ..
....
1.3.J(h.~i
. . ....hierri.chlrih'.:S~ch·
,.. . .
; :;.:. ... -
..~···~\· '.
·. ":
~~···~.. . -
f) , k: "" ..,. .. ...
I' ~. : ., rl J; . ·" ·::

uc..ntJ. ~~· .!i(l_aJ>~!n;~t{_g,ij, :·c;~:fillt.'.'ly lll~n· va. ··rh.lfC· t!~n .

1. . . . . . .... ~ .• .·- .

--tretr-d'ay; ·c6'th~ tti-:-~:eth·:kJi1it i11~~"'fo(lg •qiiaf·Vi! ~hiri'k sach rinit

·Sau:
··"I.

·: Clifizli sacli: )¢/nhw..zg·,,fiai.t1r:/i911g: ib?!ft« czldJ:iiu tlif_vtli

. !
eek hi?11 jit</11g i'61t t(fttrang qud iri1tlr vtjJZ d91ig phai. iriln . !.
nham dqt mf!.c rie.u nlid'i:d{nit 1
T.tr ~_hii ni~m cfo;mg v~ ..chfali sach .chting ta. co tn~ di' ' \
den kh~i ni~m ve chinh ~~ch:cont nlht_.sau: . . ' .
Cl:ii11lc sach aong~la. iilrt7:1lg llq1~h.. ti~,;-g· t'hig ii'lcua. Nha
1llfCtCviti cac .lla~rdip'/tat ·~ni: iroi'lg:a~zs6fig cgn.g'~oilg~. ditq'C . I
.·thilriefn b&1z'g·11llflw'litJ?J1 ilzi}c-kh&c· ~d1~u~. 1il;~;ri tlidl: ddy·xa
119~ plui1 trii~1. . · l
I
(
tren d~y vtra: bao ham nhung 4~c tr11ng .ciia
Khfil ni~m· i
chirth sach tong' ll do ·:Nfia m.r6c ban h!rih d~ t~c d:9ng den l
cac dOi ttrqng thu¢c c¢,ng· d:~ng· m9t cac:li. :6~-Airlh.. V\ra th~ :i!.
hl~n .ditqc ·han.·chat ciia, chfuh:.sith l?.'..copg ri\;t d!rili hdang cua t '
{
Nha nu:ac cho m9i' hanh ·vi xa h9i, 46i .vai ~ac qul trl'nli phiit
t~i~rt. D!nh huong do chrqc th~..t1i~n'.·qua iiiai t19. '~<51 .xif v6i
nhfrng vari d~ da,., dang va se .nay ,sfoh:trorl'g·.f:tai c¢ng. ;ong
.-
I
f. "
~!
;..

1· ..
ti6ng. ±Je a~·.dtigc. ·m~ fieu pliaf:' try~n~" ~JI~t .n€t· dhtrib. scich f·., ~
pp~i .ton t~i ti'o~g thv¢. t~,. nghiaJa Nha ,nµoc· pnai l}arth µqng r
tli~t Sil bing chinh:scfoh. Dieti ki~ri t6n ·t~i ·dra m¢t chinfr sach
la tbi1g hoa nhfi'rtg hanh d¢qg•-tfo:h 'ClfC· theo d!~fr:htiarig. ·.chfoh
t
/;

t·
tr{·-cuaNha-na&cnham tac-a¢ng,gi~i ~quyttnliUiigV.aii':-or nay
)'.

t·[
14.
~ ..
 sin·htrong.tirng gi~itl9~n:pMt.tri~n •. Di~uJ:i~nt6n t~i cl.?.dugc
.,'
rM;. hI~ri· ba·rtg . M9fi :tf1f(q:i£ng .!it. cua :ch6. thlquan ly la NM
'l ·meet~--, · . . ·
i.I•

i
; ...
~A·.P~r.i
. . .. . . ~;~~ ,c·~.ir,i,h
:tr*H .. ,
$~!!h.
.t · .. o~~.li ;tiep·~ci?n .~vo1 ~hfph:·~iicti -~~o k~4i n.i~m t~en"1~Y
;f . . ".cnp t·hay. :ca\l·;~ri1¢fohµtlt.S.a9h'.ba4!gork:· · · ·· ·_
' · Tfi:t~':1'1,li~¥,i'Ji~g114~#g'·.&~g ~7t~ttgs .th~ :M<?P.)~ ·1.hai :4¢
don.g )'thJi~·~,j~~Y·y~Wtc:I3.(.~~} ;~~~JJ~(.~~i_"~g~".g ~~ ,y~n :cJ~ng
cii.a:,:ri.:i9i
·.
~d~f:tfi.~(lg:}}~[n_t:'Wl!tihMti
, . 0 . • ,.,._;._.I • • •'' •. •, •
itll.~n. ~~?. t€. s~c r.6 ..~hi!.~. r '• i • ..... : ..;, ,.. ·~ j, •· ''• • •

cac )1g~gb.)' ·~a:y·-.01~.t~:~~~}y*,~)1~8. ?.:~;.·~~JR:h. !.~r ~~)Wi,i):ay moi ·

tnrang) :, N.~1ft!P~j·'.illfili''V~JJ#·~~µ;.~~. .~"~·~,c~~ .p,~u ~.4e;:~P.u.· .th~
se ·ch.o. p~eP.::ciu,y;;~~~a'.~~~¢~ d.~y..)i~:·i~n. d~n,& PP~J,.tri~~- tot
pd.n. Tn1~ . 1:~,)te"ifpJi~n'daF~1*1 .chid!l~ ~:!·ajio.~g t]ltr~ ~h~n.f!llY
. bij:.)).f9h\:· t~y ~tiay .'Y.a ·t1m cich kintii~ t'ob .d¢ v~'il' 4ong . c:;u_a
C~~n~'r,tl fl~U ,C~~t!'.)_f:~i-~hfr~g ~~~·~~~.?J.~gI~i~\i'.-cvc, d.o.·;~~f ,gµft
.trlnii:4o.:,:.p1af)g'J~F9licf:.d~c;~:n$·ailti'.,' ~~rfli· )'.,~c..~~~· ~~~.:-~·~~ ;,~§:..
rMi-do_::ung.:xti:.i11n(~i~t¢~~ N..m{hG&C":HUei~· c1u~ ·vAa-·chtib
.
'.t
i· .::~~i~~~~;~~alt~:ih~:,~~~i,t~i'i6'j~f ~~
. :"Vl:4~i:Ne:'·g.i~o::eJii6; 'Nh:~-:p,µ~d ·r~..ci:J)h# 49. Cto.ng ~i.,~~~
.,.' •

n~n::oa.
•·~' ''
,., •

'•• '' •
... ...

~
•;.,::-, ••.-

t-p.uc· d~1~.\ih.~ri.~irie'~F~~··h,~~~'.~,q·~-~-~:.a.~
>
. ~~o;?Ji~.iAuqn
,..! • ,,, ,
',"
'"

•'• , , •,
'
..'~
~

... •
•••1 :..

•A\ ·t
,., • '••:.1:: ... '.<1.):-_,..i:~.:.,·.·11r"r: ~·~_: ~;·

o'• .. ot,,-• '.t "•"• •":', :\_:;•..:.:• .. .• I '

>!·.'~ •. ·

0
.,..,,

, ..

.4~:::kl:i~~~; n~un~~~~.&':'.¢.ao.!?.~ tr;;·,~~~(~6.,1i~x:g9~;i ~.~ri.. ~rai

•)
~gi.rr;~,r. x~~~~~;>n~~s::1#¥'.cfaan :~~~~~)df,(~f~~~· . ,~~y_:wm.g
.. e~inh s.acJtrJ,g~ ·a~ni':::fie,'.a~:,b~:·:cM: rfi;'· .b..Ofi~r:·"H.o~~::;ngt,t. N#n
·• · , •. 1 •• ' .;. · • • .• • • 1 .. • .••. : •• * .~ .: ·•·..•· ... ·· ::• .:• .• • J'1z1.. ~. -- ... ~ ••• · • •• .! '

d~;d~n.,:sQ<··Nita nU'crc:fa:~kifon@''fu'!Ffho<Cifo:vie·c<tan~ rihatih.d!t1

,;~::I!~ti. :a;, ·~1rri:,.him:~i'-t:~:~.~:~·ii:li!~g:{~tr~'~tj~Ci¢··;~,g,,~~~,~~~t
i~~ng .~ia.i;i- ~6 .va'. d'vf.H1~J·:a~1~,,;~~~Jc·i·rH '.re-;· .iit~ ·Mi.' rMr di?
• : j • •~ ' .. ~. •

. ~ :'

l' . . ;~-. .. ..r.. 15'

t
 ~· ..
·,.

·nil)' !riff ng.ttqc VOiqUaii~diam :pn6.-.;.br¥n: trtr6'2,"'.~y:d~R11 .lhCfi .. ~

P..hong kien: •i·h¥n.h phut ;I~~~cqri. '.d.itri~. ¢hliu::tt0,G:g'i ~, B:i:i~c·· H:ifac
ni(m 1Q86, £?~ii~ va pr~~· ·n~li~~i J~. bp:U.l~rlfdng 1hv,c. h;l¢n phar
Lii'~n m~t "nen Idnh te:-qifa:g," d~ vtra·$i:Li\gln-')l.~1r1:i.Q'c l~:p dari
t.{lc~ vl!a chU dong
• ...
ph~t tr1Ch'. kinfrt€
'
qrioc•. :clan
•
:bftno.Q ff0i.ltrc.
• •
'J

Nhr.mg. ngay ·nay. ·ding<t1hu :hdu. kh.Ap ~ciic,·nu&ciB'e.ri:th€:·g;iot, :.

j
r!
chung ta dang th.gc hi~n c;h'fnp .sach ' 0 rr!et~cira ;ri~ri;':kint:i t€."
v. v•.. Nhu v~y, rh·aLd9· thig)tr cifaNhit.i:tth5-c fa -\ 6'1. c-.ic :V.riri de
1 i
1·
pMt sinh hayslf tO'n t~l eta cac·hi~n·t~qng :i1:'ii b¢i ·rl~tt tt~rtla
vl mt,tc tieu nfi;ng·cao.da.ri tfI,·cai'rni~JLdcrl:·s6ng.:.d~rt ·ccr v.v..·:
.I
Nhfrng m1:1t tleu ·nay Ia mong.~·uon·'.~uaichu th~ v~ :kh.~ :rrang l
.I
. v*n ·d¢ng cua.· m¢.t hl¢;n: rtr~~gqay··qu·a crhih- riao dq d!n m9c.
k.~t qua nhic. d!rih. D<S .iLnli:iing.:.mi;tc tieu,.fa.tang ~d<f~ duqc th€ l
hi¢n .tron·g chfnh ·snc:h v~ man~.Jinh :(11n'it.'1rriii c~o; I'1"6Lm91 L
J
caeh khlic Ji1{1(' .ii(Jlrd1f1i1i ~4'iii:co11g}a·nhtti1g 'gi4 tf lutl/Jig ttli-
.pht'i h'1Ji i;m yeu c'air /ilidi irilnduiug .e11a n_ezt ld11ll 1€i x'i,· ltqi.
TMr luti, hanh' d¢it& ung :x,.fr·pon. dtiqe ~ieu l~ each gi~i
quyet van. d~ theci<int;ic:.tie·~ dtrih hU'.Cf.nZ::·*~ra:chinb:'sacl:L Bo' la
~ach thfrc: ma cliu th~~~.~ 4l}rtg ttong.. qi.f4·~trl~h. .h£ph ·a9ng dt i.
toi da Ma ket qua.:V~ itrqng . va ~hat cua.m~c tieu:..chfo~, sach, I'

hay con :g9rla ~liting hi~.h pha'p cua ,chiri~· sach·. Tten ~·a .scr
~
-
,,,
d·inh hu6ng cua chif!.h·.s~ch,: c~i'.l tl_ttfai111·:~te'tti c;fo;giai pI1a·p. 9~
eti
s·;:t m~c tieu trong. di~-g .(iJ Rl~n, haan ¢a~h CIJ :'th~ Kllong ve
gian, rhOi ~i_an. v:or de ~~ir~~JJ.rqth{~:,qfnh .. ··
;::.

. tieu. cua crun'h

Do muc . sach tnang
. ..Hnh c1inh
.. tfoh cao nen
. .

cac bi~n phUp cuu .chinh siich·cting. chtru·:d\l'Ilg. nhfrng:dQI'lgJlf~·

th UC -d'ay t c~n .ofirrg. Iiiy- RJrnT1am. fueo. ye ~c~ii . rr{& C, l·iC U:; NhTn .
m¢t each t6ng quclt . .bi'~~ .phap ciui chf~h .~it.eh ihufoig chda

16·
:t-HDCSC . , 17
 .··.

·~%~_;!i!i~~;~~~i;~;~.~t;=; i;~:
hanh: Jbr:i Ji, t~ ·-·~a:lH;ii.~~.:·~O.tc¢a~~cef~'&':cW'<!ll~i'n.
:!J';
1
th~1;rg_~t~lf.<1tl g~
c~ qtian quan ly·Nb:a ri~crc caccap:,.,,cal:! .nganh.J~p;.~b~n·qii'y~h
d"ifo khi.~h t_rt!c:. ti~~jn:ci.o&>¢Er ~c~~::titirlh ii.hA'm d'~fefic;lt ;~~c-
~ ·1-ieu -cu·.. th~-;·
.• K:Mnc-ifhfin:d'th:e.;~-tac'"'t-a·~durc
. . 1::1 • . 1:1 • • , . . . .• ·- va~c~f-
•. . an
..riff . •.th'
• ueic
..

co quan nay cO' i&~· COJl quyltj:fjrih yi~ct}jayth~; ·iiµy:·:fia hay

:"tang ct.rang quy .m~ ~fic}~ng~c~· v.~t ohat the9 y~u . c!i.i q.uin ."i.

ly. Con chlnh s·a~h ·dJiqc Nha.nudc:::dhng.d~ ·d!nh . Jiti¢ng- cho

xa
cac chu tM khic:nhau . frong h9f:ctng:)i~ a¢ng-vl m1:1c;:
tieu chong va. l;>~y tq tliai d(l ·IJ~!1h fri c~a mlnh.v¢Lc'c !;ii.en
..c6 kinh te; xa hqi ·nay s~rih trortg-"ttrng giai do;p:i phat .·trien.
Nhtr v~y chfnh sach·phai. dn .din~· ttrcrng d6i mm i~o l~p dttqc
m6i truling phar triin. Qifch hgp. · ·
Trang d.i~u ki~rt :i:ih'at tz:i~n dJt: ntrac: .t}ieo .dfnh..hu<tn~. xa
.hqi chu !lghia rihtt chilng {a hi~n:riay,.: ihl yeiu ·~u d~t ra tren
day. cangcan ~.tiqc.col:tr9ng. Va rfo:J.l cotig c1;1-cO.a chfnh siich
duqc.th~ hl~n kM r6 n~t tr~n··cac:·in~t:sau:
Chinh sach· th~ hi~n, dtrQ'c. 9· chf cua chi1 tli~ tron'g· cac
k

moi quan h¢ doi n¢1, hay doi rtgo~i. Tntoc nhling ~bien oqng
cua moi tri:ibng :s6'ng1 cat thgc the vi'ia pb,ai pharhu'J. nqi li;c
d~ doi ch91 vai nhfrn,g lac. d!?ng.:kli!c nghi~t cua :inoi rnrb'ng;.
vua phai v~n d9n.g bi(n de.\i clfo.'pl1!i h:gp .y.!.a: ~au hoa nfi~p
• • t ' · Nh · ;,. · Ji. h ~ .,,.... ·,.;;.· ... " • . 'Ii" 'h 'h ~•
mQ} Jtrl;!..qg. <.I! V..<fY.~ c ~ L~ :Wa. ·pna! t.tr!g. r.tn...1c.....~ ·V~l
S~ bit!n .dGi. ciJa ~oi ~iiai;ig ·SQng•theo bison~ hair riJi~p 'hay hoa
tan, vtraph,ai tun cach.kh!c pl11;1c:nhni:rg·nang: ll}'c:hfiU h~n·d£a
minh d~ ton t~i phat tri~n. trong di~u, ki~n ·moi ttti'O'n.g thay
doL · · ··

18
;.
 - Bang cqinn sach, ch~ th~ se dieu khi~n dugc cac ·qua
trfoh k.inh te: xa hqi y~n d¢ng theo y muon cua m1nh. ChUng
ta biet r~qg, ho.~t d¢ng .kinh te ~ xa hqi di~n r~ h.et, sue phong.
phil';;tla'dq_ng V~ phfl'.C. ~P,; CO n:hfrng .qua ·tfin~ qi6n ra tr,U'CrC YOi.
ti:fc d{j .1').han~~ cli'b.!f.!$. 0d9 .~~~qh.,.y),,ng,t.rq~)~i ·[:;O 'Y~U.)~5ch~~l
~¢ng~v#~·~.~~fh··~~~J~1{ ~o~.~9·;;r4~,Y,~,i:~,~~~,,f.~~ ~f!µ._;Jhc.,.~ql
. ~~yi4~ri' :p~~f )~~;~p~fg:~~1~1~K4~~~~1) d9.~:g ,d6n$· ?9;t~~o. .~¢r
·4irih ;h~9~.~-,t~~~$~p~.~(mo/:1·m.fm~,~q~~,.ct».9:c;·m~·i;,:ti.elrti:l i,r· ~en.
M_uon. r~fre.~~~; ~.~~J~Mttl10~.~ :~~~; ·~ai.~d.9:.C4.!$n;g,Jlnh ·.nay~p~an
c!oi) ·y:~· ca,_cl(:rlfU:~·~~~:g-: ii: fr:'.:v6i m..§i: 1?.~(nA~!?:: J.ia,y qµa· ~rfah ..t,\ong
dieu !18:nh: ·.aif d~y. tr1: tht.rbni':xilye~. oac:' h2~c49ng .theo yeu
.cau.qµ~rdy. ,;~, .. ·':" · ·;" :.':': ,:::· ............ ·::'. ,.·
· T~o~d~ngva.'cu~g .~~\li?i qµ~:,M::g~~.. c~.t1.rb6·v.a aoi
tttq~g qtian.'.ly'ttofi~, mqt.J~·oi'trd&,~g :r,iha(awh~ .Di~).1-:x:ray ·c6
the .th.ay dt.rgc qua,s\r U:~6n$' nhit'~ghra 'y c~f cua.chil th€ voi
mqng .Itl~Qf!. cii,a'. idi~~h ;~h.~:.,,q n1\f,f;~~i~!J.:Cua: chiiip s~ach. Tuy
th,eo .trln1L:a¢d;.a~i d¢.~~,. ~ga)0~shJ~~~ ~h~~<t:~~~..~P. ho.an
;.canh. '8~: :tn~ ..cta;:tµtjc':~t1~·:~£. ili~r"tf~~rig . ~~ii::!f ~· ;~~~je.¢ ..tb{;;;µ-
;i:l uhgcaci.:oi~fr··phitpiRll~c~'ifh'a'.J:4~·'d~iiriil~:ii~·u chlrih;sach';JI:U'
~~~:,;~Y:;h1~i''.4f~::g~'.~f~~:s~ut~:~:~~::~~n~;9~~·.~~~C(~::~~~~oi
·ri:rgn,g:tli(rc::W.b::liJrib. 'sa~h" rlg~y·~c~g. ;ttµgc :G!ln-g· $:;6. ,,:,. ·, .. "
.. ' ..... ~·, ... .. .
~.-i: >, :.: _:.,:. ·:~~~i::. :·-:.-l.~ ~~.-·;.:-1.::.~:. ·t,~-<';.~'""''-'···~· •:• ! ,t.~ ,' ,. .... "

·.: . ~;' ~ff~.M';g~·;r~~-µgJc~~ ,:g~·,:Cj~fu;iVpfla-~hu\th&··.v_e. . ~~~-.,~y

c,~,~~h~· P.:~~ri. ~i!.f 9,~qg-.qtia, :ket;q\la/th'l:f_c thi chlii~ :sa~~·· ~,~y~,v
c.~~~ tjh.~fLU1..VF.. t~~µ ya ~ac PJ.~n. pMp·.cnfa1h. :sach "sufi"tloi ~q~g
·;a: ;h9{:· Tfl ~q§.,;nl\~µ.. tbu~ 4\!gc c.Mnif$acli :Ia/sap' fih'&m::·f'.~a
•••. -:_.~ .. :: •• • . • ~. ·~ .•. • • • : . • ·i· (.;.• ,: .... # -. ~ • •~ !: ...

·~q~t '.~?q~. qq;~:fr.. ·i:ien.m~~ . c.~fn~: s~~µ t6t liay\~~:~~~}:9Jh~

·. 4~n~1 ·;~i~' "o~§:c ¥~t;;~~:a .~ua: :ho~! q:~.rig. dla:; cM·'·t:n~·;9ua.ri·: ~J.
N~u, m~~; ti~µ .c.41nl:i::··~~e!l :pht ··hQ'P.. :v¢i •· nguy~n vQng '.Cong
• ·.; . . ' '...: ~ . ' • . .' •~ • • J
·.• .

".
19
:., ....
 chtirifr . . n,6 ~:e ·di:·.vaq
,...- thl . . .. c"dE<l~na:'V.a·::.n.
CUOC·s6nc·:
. . .... o~~C'
.,c. . . .c- ... ..'Cac.
.....·•.lid
~.

. ·bi¢n pliap c~fnh 's.aefr rhi~~ ·h~~:::s~: dµ#~)~~:B; dgpgo~&ng_;.r11i c,

_Jn.QU).1c,.,m9.i.nqi .~a nh~f!h. .¢hgng ·IT-Jang ·1~!'\klf.t. qµj, __ :VJ~c. du y
.lrl chfu·h ~ sa~h .ra .sio cling/phan .~h .tfinh ct§ d.ifu ,h}inh, 'ph'oi
:hgp cfia·Chii the~ Nhit v~y qua ·vi;;c::triin kha'.i; th!fc b;i~n:.di.lnh ·::t
de
-sach cung du danh ~i~.:k!t ·qua ·quail ly p~a'd1ii: th~.
Dga: vao iinh chat ccia m(?t i:Ong C\l ~·qua n'himg n¢i
dung .phan t.i'ch. lren
.,
day,.. cho pJ;iep chUng; la 1.il&ng:· <:tth.h
. . . .. . ' . . . ...
chitrh
"' ,, . . ~ · .
Sa th 13. rilQt Cong Cl,! qua:r\ lj-·dac }l!C qua ·cac :Cfiu·. the no1 ·
ch:urrg, Nha mi6¢·n6i:rieng~

2.2. T~m quan trgng clia tong. <;:\l ch"ri1h. sa¢h ..

T.rong)io?t: dgng·· quin·.)Y; nha't:-:ia. :qtriin d~ ~~~g;, ·1'hi'~u
Nha ntroc d~ sird~ng::chi:nh,.s«icli.:lam: c6ng:>Cl:1;Ch.U y~u:.(t:e;-rht:ic
day .phat tri~n klnh ·ii!:-. ·xi.~h~iJhe9.:d!rih~fo:f6tfa• :¢htrili s~ch
. dugc dung cte «d!tlh ·~.t!O:ng ~.ho. cac ·~-a.'.U;lnh ho~t.·id~ng nhtt:
kinh te ph.a~ phaf1il~n.'Ji:h6ng ngung~d~·dap U'n·g:nb,ii:cau·ngay
cang tang·ctia· dtri so~fg)Uth'qi~,:;l~<;liiQ!lg iham gl~., . pliat tri~n
kinh te la ;mc;;ii thanh pMn •. .dtr6{ m~Lhinfr thtic; ·k{ ca .lien
doitnh, neti.k~t v6 ldnh·te;:. Dgng tliafch~nh sich«:i:r~gduqc ·.'

d~~g l~m ·dQng..ll{c ·thiic d~y hogt d$rrg ·C:k qu~ irfoh c.to nhtr
khbab siin phi1m,:. k.hci~i:i· ·. i:i9 -tfong· nqP,g nghi¢p~ TJJ: . do i lfU
.. .... "' "'# . :..'· •. ... ~ ·.; ·!f·; ,:·· ,::-,.. '. ·.. , . .... ; .• ;:
· !-heng:: h-a-n-g ~e«• theng. n·h·a:t~·:ffi9t. 5:1~. sa·rt" pli~m., hat:g· h·o.a. ti_~ra
ru:d.ng day dii... Tro~g. :suot:ithbi'Jty qtta .µ9)Daftg va. Nb~ nt.i'qc
ta.da h!Jf;\~h d·~n~ va tlivc thi t1Ianh cong ktiil ·rihieu· chrnh sach.
nh~l Ia. cue chfoh sach xif hcii? ·.an ~inhr qu6c. phong. 10 Hqn
nam tra l~I !i~q~~ ck chfoh stl.ch ki!1h te'duqc: .d.~c. bi~r quart
tam ncn .da. ino ra nhifM btrcri:: chuvGn ro net v~ Hin!?.. trtrcrn~
.. ... lr . . '"-· . .....

die· ng~tnh. cc.le khu Vlfc vlt. toan nen kinh ie·. Tuy. nhi'~n Jrong .
.
... .
.. ... -
20
. ·[

x
,'~
· thu·c te'. .c4a. \hoJ: .k5' .4oi m¢i ,vU:a ::q1,111.; ·c6 k.Mmg .il .rihfr;1g 'bi~u
. . .......... .:-·'·· ·"··,.:·.·":;·
:~·:.., ~·.~ ·.. ·:·. ····•.·.·..
~. .~ . . ,:.. :,.ir,' • "
.:·~·':"~~v,~· .~
l1 ·~JM ~hf~~J!P tr~fr1&~£r9.n:g::.v1~c~~fo~fltr4i~h;Y(i.~ ~h#~ t~ll~,,~fii
2~l@;jfq.~·? '.:r!~§.!~t~ ;#J1}t,n,g ~¥~frih!~Xc:fr\~~·;.·"f~~~h~£~,:.J1~~ng Gh°tn.h
t
r: ·s.~a: H~~P.:£i~~fr.:i.~f~p~,~~n·;~1x''.-Wi .S.fr:. ~d:~i~~~,~,, ·Y.~?~~~0.,·_.~A~ ·.Mi•
J· •••·•l"'•,·•"·: , ' • ... . .· , ~
J•)•· 1~r'l.1r,·
• ,• \,.. / ,,:,~-

t~~& A~~rt tr,9*:g :t~~.i~· ~a. 'ii~~:dih~-;~l~~- :~&R~~ !~s .~9.1,'lgi; .diit
j.1
I
cl~i ...;~hf~l'.l:.~~~.§,\UX:~)?, g:~o.i.c~f sq h~)~~g:·.:~_hf~q s~~.~'. oaH. qr,
I
j·
L ~h~~'·\~ifft:~~~. ~9.-~t?..;l0nh··:PP~nliE'.i;:uh'.c~Wtl.8arili'·n.ghi~p~· ·c~fi;i.h
l.
I. sa~b velt.tu.'.thong )l,ang hoa, c::hin,h sa~h xua'.t'- nh~p kh<fo.h.ang
I{··
ho4, Von,_'·coq~. :~~~. .}~-~~.\~·~as~w~.tl:;:~~,W.fh(l Ji~·\;(! Stf
tnie.tl·"tap:;trtlng· :frb'rig'".Yi~·c ithuc ..nieri ..Cltlnh ·~sach ,con.f !a M
thcS~i:¢htdh ·sach;.~~~;th 'ci~~\j~~~~::4.~iib~; ~~ ·r.~l ':ihgc ·.ti, c~c
.. ~
j bi?,, :.~giqht':v~·'dl~~.iil.iW6~~: 'fli~~ '.~6.:~~.' h~c!.r:ig:. gianh .qliy~n ·ban
~
r h~n:h. c.hrp~·s~cr1g\h#~.S~ ~~~~~P~ }:~iif ¥t~~ .;¥.~µi.7aq. chfn 11·: s~~h ·
khh.~p d r,mg .va\5~ ·nli@.'g; li~~'}il,~~ 1 ,pp~,m :~i .q.~;W'.~1~.:¢fla :mli}~.
· rna sao lang cr~ch nl;lJ~r:n ifm. ktenFnh:u~g·bi~n phap hU:u hi.~u
.d~ tfiyc_ hi~ d~ng ~9.~,,m8q,f,r,lt~!~,;~~~if~fo.~. :li.4¢h P,h~t tri~n
ch,ulfg trm~g toa~. !le.n>kctih·'t~; 11~·~· Jr~,g:;ff;~~.,d~.Y, ..A!i !d._trgc

~~i%»#~~~~lt~!:r.1~~i:~~~~~~~~;~:1·1~u~\~t~~~~:~~w.~~
cl:ii.r~<b:hai
qua.ri; chu~.
sat .voi cugc-s9ng; rhieu rtn·h::kha thi. C6
nlit;"ng,c~rn~·i;a~~ ~4n:~:kJ ))1$~.'P~~n;g.~<fu.a.'frht~u.;~ani::ri~c...:hinh
.Chf nt:(~qµ~n::i i~u·i·:·. ~y~~·8~~~.;~.~t:h9+.: ~~ng"J.X:'~Bafr~~·o: ~'h~~h
tr!.., t~i.~g:f9r.. ,. .... '· · """'·· ::·~'. ·!. ·" • · •

·. ~~~;Y~~. ·~1M~~, '.:·~~~.;.:ct~i~ ~1tjn>1~~n~ t~·e~ -.~:~Y, :·1.a 9..~<~:9i~~10

~a1t :b,~! ,.;~:9PS ;ch0~F n:?:~g~·;i;:Uc,'.wP--.qt;i~p'.:Nilli .:.nitq~ 'ilhf.111 .}:h~c
chu~Ji~.5r.;{:i'u:. ,¥~'."i:l}~nli,-~uc1t~,·¢q.i 1 phfah-:\'iaclf·cb.l i;ktn:.1liuai1 .Ht
nhung:;1foi11 :&.)iup i~~·ni-ci~ .tJ11r~".l1l:~n'.m91 . .n1h~1n·\·.~ ·gi~im ly
Nil~ tiA'.'crC::··~coi cli,iri!l,,~A~ii: du9,:~,)~it,fianh,;,nh.1i:-c~c giiye1 :d.jnh
quit:ri: l§'·:franJ1 :'thf~p; ftJ#,;; tl\d~·.sfq'Jain tho'<Yai' r.d5. ·ciia '1t.1~ti
.• • •t ' .! '·! • ·::: ' ;·, ••
-::

21
.... : ·,': .· .
 ca.ng c~d~c b~~tn:a.Y,kh6qg;..~·4gc:;;d,ij;i'.~ri~pg~.'tiirii~cu~,n$~,.·ru1n:i
t~?i. con a~n:. &~11: :t1nh'li;~g21ttn.1Jl~.~~,tj:~ligi~r~~".triij~:~tlV:;..~htfth.
saeh,-·vi "ph~111 n·g.uyen ···rac.:.~~LttuJ:ig .tr:ong qui~ 'ty .'Nfla; ~~at.
Khotig -nhung»tne,'tlnhJrani:r
. '· .C
u~n ;da-v.
'con: .Q-o:a.y· :.n·e-x-1
;.f' .• .
:~t!'ibi€u
I • .....

coiig .bing giiia ·cac d(;i;·tdqng ~htf-htreng ·cnfnhcsa~h ·ctcac .

nganh;dc. tita :pl!tr~ilgJr-9ng ca "n!icrc. v.a,. g!y."kh6. khi~ ~tron,g
vi~c huy dgng:c4c. ngtt6rt lt!i:: .cho· SJ! •nghi~p phar: trfg~,cua: dar
.,
nuoc.

Muon cai thi~n<tfoh;hiilh ··tr!n; .t!~cr¢: ti!n c~n pha!. ~ij~ •

thfu: d6ng v~ vai tro·~ua chrilli--s~ch -d~:•.th'ng bti'crc "n~g :tfilri ·
ho~di d!rih. chinh ,s~ch nli~m ·th\fc41i.~nJ~!11·g lgi .riJ:i~g ~ghj
quyef cua Dang" nhtr dµili huc1ng,de-"ra t:rqn_g·vat1: ki~!(El:i'}.i h9i
Dang .rx- (Van ki~n -P~i h9i :·uing.J:X.. ciii~n hr9'c phat -tr'i~n
kinh te - xa h9f400 I •.. 2010,: ttang: 75). "

2.3~ Vai t~(J di:a .cong:,·:cif,.Chf~~ sach' .

Ni~i cong:cy d~fr . c&i;~btfu,g:·:tac.~d*.~g.J.?h!t 4.iri.h;:p~fl..#gp ·
vai m~c dkh, -y!·u c'u':'~.l't.dl}ng·diii.diu :tfi~~'Chlrih;sich·r.t.tti;fc
chu th~:su d1;mg· d~: ..
Dinh hu.6ng :cirb·. cac,:.ho~J :0¢.~g }<inh.1Je -.:' xa .-hi?k Khiic
vcri cac cong, cg_ d°trrh·;:liii6b:-g":i1h.U; ·chiGn..ltrgi:~ ~~ ho~ch·; <:m1;1c
tieu chfoh sdch d!tih ·htr6iig:?chq ¢~c.. q-µa ·trlnh v~n d.9ng pliil
hqp nhfi'ng gia tJi ttr¢.!g .lai. ,ma:.'.Nha.ni!CS-s.tli'eo:!ltirlL.di~ tri:c16
phan ilnh j cM cua N,h-a: nii~c 'rrl:5Ifg· n:rc:IT ·cru~tt:ii~ vai nhfr.fi~ ·
nh u c~u cci ban cua (jbi s(;)n.g~xa:li~f:Ne~ ·cai::-·qu;f trlrihJ~iph te
- xa hQi ho~t d¢ng !heq.:m!Jc tie~ c.lifriH _s~·ch d~· ra cilng< _co
nghTa la d~t dtrqc tnl}C .ti!U p~_at tr!~n Cbung Va . .dtrqc. hirohg:..
.nh iing.uu· daLcuaJ'-Tha~nuo~.:Cung..ti~i~rti~~tI~~.ci~-hi~h~phip

22
 chfnh sach cilng .c6 vai tro. d!nh hlfong c;l:linh sach cb.o cac
bi~n phap phat td~ri. kinh tl·-:,x~~b9i k_hcic. VLbi.~n phap chfnh
sacfrch'ua::·dt!.ng tinh :~<:t ..~he ci6, nen .n9 .co tac dqng thU.c day,
can bing
. . . .,. .•
hay klm hijm ratJ;Cfn .dfn '[fph ch.at V~O h~nh cua h~
·~~ ~ . ··"':.• · .• ,..,:."'·•· . .,. ..... ;::.,, \.~:.::. ~
:... ........... 'f~ •. : ••• ·",,~:u•'.;.,;. .!·.,,::·!~:!'~l~
J.h:o~ii::qµan·'ly. ·~c::,b1~11:rp~ap"tac·:~9ng:cua:N}ia··~ntr":c ~¥-.~n
,£h:e.o .~d/che·:r~6"d0lf~7'cila~'.Clifnh~s~tlf c~rti. :~u:ai hfi'~nli ~c~6ng
1

: ..... ~··. ~ '··~""' ... ~: ,•·;,.• . . ·f;i···· Y...- .... • , ••• , . •'i••:'1 •1' \'·~~

·:,~.~i dug.c· 'mi:!~ -'d~~J:!:Cf~ari?ty.1¥tra:~1~0· :i~ ~-rdtl"'a9il·g:;9~.'Jr.~~g J~¢

.-thon°.quanlydN'ha·ilti6~,:;r;.: ·«·.,: ~n~.... :,.· n · ..., ... , ··
. • . ·:' .• ~... ' • ·... l'. ;·· ..:·· .~ . j"!~ - .~ i..:~
.- klrlh t€- x~ :h6· theq oinh ·
.....:..,.(K:h1.t'.€n.:~1Cikc:H?B~c'.
·:·'· ···f; . ·. ·~. ~;. . . :· : . :·:····~· J:i8a:t·'
· . l'..:t·•·t~i.r:lona
~~;-:~. i::~:~ . ·::> .: · · .~.... ·. :- .... • ~
h~ang:/Th~r 49 ·U:rfg;;~~:,c~il':¢Jlu. ;t~~}3~~uJ,9; rp .~h~p$.:?tH..t~e 1
J,ac :d¢.ngr ·deri ::ca¢. a&· tlicih'g -~~'e'··¢hiidfviirl"
.• . . . .. " . r ~
dong·~·tlieo huong
... ..::·:1.' . . n·•.·...r1
;- .. •: .......:-~ .... ~:-~ ·.":"!: '7:. ......
~.·.~ ...... ·~·t;· .:I>:

.n~o H~ng c~~ng, c5ri');lin4:-:P~f'.g!afrl"f~1-~ti):'.):lt;r ~~~ 4Qfig .t~~o

. .xu the' hht.t va:y··,;s~;tchoii·a;b'aht~5rKa6'-:Hinl1'm&c
. . . .. ··:
h .
~u:·ch~·~a chi
. . _., . . . . .• ;.,.;, ..!.....
. ... ..~·· .. ·; ~,b· ··~·

ma,n.g:·tl.nn ~n.µyen -'~ic~~:~g~ta,0.1.tiW :·6p'.:£~~-;F~4c . ~~X h~y ,~1111

hllp:i :.s11':¥an~d6Hkili~b~quy~1li~(rg~;i ·asPiu6h~'.nli~~- <lat muc
. • . . ~::..: ·. . ~~ ·::. : ·~·:· .. ~· ·.~· ·:;.:~:-~·:;1~;;/'.:~f..1:f~-n.~~ =;~11.::ti., ·:~ ~-:·; '-!:..}/ ::·: .;~/':· . •I':·.
lieu: dµ: 0kum:tNl du·~ 1%a:•nu6c: ·a.uni?· heth.6ng: chrnh
·· ·· . ·: •• ·· ~.~. ~. ·· .• ~", ... i ...::;.·..
.sa~h nay
. · ....
-.:.~err.:.r :;0.:.i.!i~·,·~ ·1;.~::.i•1·: r···i:~ ~f·

ae. th.t;'ic :dii'._Y:~·tjl'~~ :~e ~.~i; ~6~t.;q9.;~~~r·~~::tµ,: v..lf.~..~f~~:~! }lP!f~,g.

c.llnJt·du~$ ·{:ac=:~hfrtii'~ac~.i:'k~d2~I4~".tq#,~;~h~ ;r~r~9.Jfl~: ·PMt
cua mfo. "19.nh ·t~: ho.~c du_n_g o.l'rfn:ti; sa·cn .·:i;iif:Y~a khuyen .~lifch
Yl?:~: i~Il$,,~quq¥..g :~~!MJ~i~rJ;ii :;~y t~1*f;;!~~·~~-;~~,~:~P:P.-~t ~i:nf
r.e, .vtt;;.t'aQ;viecJam,·iarfa. .thi.i::nh!p.tc.hofrfaurliiao::a&JicY'' :,. . ~.\,

l:~;'~i~~s~:=r~{t~~~;~~~'~"~~:t~~
°2~~g·-.~hieu:.4~~· 1 i~uJig'cu.a:im:9~~a·.h'9i'Wan' '~ri~ 1 _'c§ .~riPh: . ~9.
·p!tiit t:ri€1l···cao ·ho~: Q:h}eu.:;n~n ;kinlf'ie:$·~~0;g·. ~~~f·'fi:o~g,. n~~·
. k"fop:=t¥ t.!JJ mroqg:q.tiy~·'l µ~~ ;C#ri:h.=ti;~h1t:c~:~g):E~rt~f~L :taf:'.~if9'.1q.4y
,,.
1~:~\:th.~. ;~tU:9.'9g ::kfia.pJ~in :"ci"ioJ~ic:'.-nri~::tiµtft:i.r;zy~y s'afi. iu~~:Rhh
i:IQ.a.rin::kh~~g ,'n ~~~, .ttng µi],~g· tlf~ib9 :~ky..ih.11'gr··v.a c6nt(~gh~

2.3
 ~~
':/.
. ~

·r:hfim 1n~g iianiiil~filiP 49ng•};~nit~rrarih. v~a;.!A'.~J.9ng·.Jgc. ~

vua"lil moi n·uahg c.ho·1=ic,hqJ.ti d9i;;g:.:kfriii~M·:ri#::tr:u&rig~.'T~~n · ~
'ca. ser:.quy lu~t. n~y Nhi:i:-IJuiJ'C' thtr0ng•":khu,y€rrkfi'fch.·cii¢" ttha ~ . ..
·;an--x~~tthi'-du~-~~~r·franh·· ii~:ii ,-fri\trth- ·troni :~hung· m·ai .f ·"
..iruong thu~n Jgi d9 Nha(ntr,011: ·t.~o:dt{~:g' b'~~g ~ftc:·dSng ~i.i,
trong do c6.chirih sa¢h..; T.4y·:·nhien~ cuh.lf''r5i :s·1rv~ri :dQ.ng cua
l ·:.
.f.
thi truong~ quy. lti~t ¢~riJ1.tt.anh ciin.'g: di~ri ..ra knoc .Ji~t:'trdng ~
i'
t~ng nganh, ·tung linh·.·v\rb fti' dd dan deri: dl}c·quy~n.·tfob·tt~rig ~
"ca ·ion nu6t ca- be'"1~rrf.t6n itnLden di h~·n,;'kirih .le., ci~n de -~
nha d~u ttJ va ri~iaftleu':dtt~g tron·g .i~:.h9L Ti:tterc Iict..ihl!C tc l
06,.Nham.rac·ta khong,chi:.a~~g . c:hfnh:sach: de klluy,e'n ·khicll · ~
c~nh tranh ma con d.ting-:.chinh s~ch ·d'~ h~n che rlhun:g· bieu I ~
hiCn khoncr0 .Iiinh marih .tron·tr::san xuar ·kinh doarih rihltcac
~hfnh silch thlie,
siich uu diii da:c
chf~h.,.sich
bier
. '·:. . v~v..... ·
gia,'·chfnh.~Ach
phan
:
pli~~
·
.chfoh
t
I~ .
T<Jo l~p ~~.c .can doi tt~ng phiit trien cung la tn~t :vai r.r6 . .
dang k~ cua chinh sach: c~ch thU'c·t~o· I~p dirge lh\rc lii~n tit u_·

nhieu·~ai- trci khac'.cua chfnh sat:h nh,.1{khuy£n:khkh dfo tiem ~

nang trong nrcrng lai !Zu:a nlitmg nganh, l'Jn.h vvc. ·Va vung. !ci;tn ~,
ph.at ttit:n de nhanh ch6ng cAn b:ing var ·eac·ngan}l hay v.trng ~ ·
khac. Ho~c dung.c:hinh sci,ch-d~di~u chinhtoc.dq rang'dan s.6 ~ .i7
c~o phu hgp veri· tang tri.!ong- kirlh ;.1e- 'de cai rhl¢·n. niCrc. thu f
1:
nh~p'q1n.h q,µart cua xa:h¢k.di~u..chi~h ~ac ng~nh-san xi.tilt cho f
can d6i vcri nbu. ca~ ~leu . 'd:Ung .Cua d'~¥i;,cu:: .di~u chfoh .rnoi ct
t.JUan h~ giiia XUa{ khftu Va nh~p khifo CUU, nen kinh te V,V~ •• !!;
Ki&m s~at ~a _phari :ph6i J1guon Jt,rc .,ch~· qua tdnb; phllt ~1
~ !'
trien cfing ta mt;it trong .nh'ihig. vai tr-0 ctia chfoh ~ach . Cac ch ti ., ~
tM, ·nhf\1-la Nha nttoc iuo~ lu6n qtian tam den vi~c'£1uan if, :;if iit '.
~·
i·
·~ .
 ·J
r
I . ,
. :~H.qF!:::;t~ Jlg~~~ ,l~¢;.:i~\1P phifi)ri~n:·.:'.M~:~· ~eU.:P.1~~1 }~~~~;~a~
1
·.1
. _.., 1' h"''" ·~ • ~ '""•i•,....>-·.,~··· t.,·,.~·\)t.l .,t'\.~ .. ....... 4

i ·. :;'p?"!Jl.-.£~,:J~,Sq~z;:._.,~~t~~~nrong·'. ~~n'cc~i·:v~ ';t~~~~--.. ~~-~}1e_n,, :ta:

; :'., '.~-~~Y~~U1f ~.q1J:~~ni~'J.~P~~*9i· i::ii~"In9t,~qu6c::~gia:~·tt.o ttianh' -~~~~fe
·! ·. '..::-{(;~o{l!:.:ldf,i,tt8~9Rg. ~9dfl:.:if.· c;ua,:;.~4~:--·N:~a'- tiirO'.¢;~'Be'.s.~ :~~nJ:co 1

I ;.~ .;~ ~~;-~uaJaf ·~,gu:Y.~nf ih.ei> nupiig :Pb.?.tt~'.b~rfl.~:fr.ng~' Nh.~--~l!~c

.. 1. · ·':·a~ ;:s<1i::ii.,t?~,.~liuyeri.fkh1bli!7ii~!ili6~s11€t~~ci2'~qti~ 1
.. · cbYrin
.\; ·.:·r:ng:;; .. .. .:-_,.:,·.;-::r...:...•. ·'.::·:··
~-~~n·it··:-- 't-::~s~.:.~..,.:..:
ifinh ,1...~ /'.····I ·,:..·~·· ·-~ ·:-·· ..... .• ~ • ·: ~ ·y·•-:.'r; •.

t ';, ·. ''kfia'.i :'.:th~¢.c.si'f'(lU.'ri e- ~ah;n;,,..u ;.!~n:~ ~th ~!l'.{dfrulfthfrO'na~p.vr:·:ct i.l ''(i-oh 0a

~~·~···:-:·J."·~:.... .":"J-.T': ~ _.,-:t.(..::... ~r~t·:lf.··:~:r!~-0~···'71.····r:· ··~··.~~·. ~ ...._t:;.:~ ••. •:tf·:·.-..-;.,._ .·:.= ..\ . :'
j '.~f~!~~~· ~~:~~~ffi;.(P.lj~f.1 Ii1~nJ~~!r.~ti.,~~~~IF~~g~g{kltuyen:r:~rlrch
,
~'i P-h!ii ..tti~h
. .•
·'c. ac ngaAn::iU-:.ihirrg·.:nhi~ii.:l;:i.o.J:~eng~~:nM'.t
.{ '·,-{;f"o\.':. ·;: .•:::.: ·" • ... ... .-.i: . •. ..
,".'·~;.t,:·.: ~.-,"" ·~··!
. - .. ~ ~
'la\·o. khu
~·
• ~-/ ~::.. .~

.: · , .VlJ:c. ...n.Ong' thon:>tf6~~'·1'ifhi(rruoc-·..q6 :rh~)~;~.gi spJiJ 9.~gc v1~c

. . .: , ...:, ··h~ · .... ···~·~··· l'~t-: .:·,-.:·~ ·:-,j':::;:.:~i' •. ~ ... :~.t- j1.,0:;1.',.!.~,
· f......... .:, .. •f' .....

· ·.~!:tY: ~9~~l~c.a~~ ~ri.&if?h 'l\r¢ :ti~~g:•:.?taj_h9,!;1:~;;~~~&~l~~.~ ;~$'..,f,hi? .~j~c

~ ·;:san:-p:.ua!Ju.ll. 'gao•rhOng·.c}uiFttiinlf·~a~1ian-~runli'lu'®g. thuc. ·
.. :. . ·. .:. ". :·;::: -~:.~·:;:~·' ~:.~··:::.:· ·:·~j·;~,~~::1 ~.!:·,~..~'· ;~.,.,:·;:'J.~)~i .'!:i:..~.~: ~.,:.•. ;~~.' ;,,:; ..... (
·,. ·· '' f).e~~~o J~p· r161'.~W.~ff&t~r~-~;Jiq1\:~;t;R ;,q~~;h!?<~l d,9ng k,inh
I .· ·J€.. '"·:$:a··.n9i,~gtil!/!d!ib':
.~
1
~
c·~c)ii~~:;:r~:~:ry[~·
~
49~i;~.~~5:~rifo.
··.~ :·."i+-' 'i:i.:,t1·~; ~.~.?l'~ .. ,. . ~ ~·".-r·'I:: ·- \ r· ...
tll.!!.o
·'; . .:: , ". :,. ..• .••. .... ••. t ...

I
"-~' ugg
.
q,uy}:l:Li~C?!N'~).'i:;m.~H'.
.. ... ,. . . .
·~· . ,. . '
;frJ.t~ef
~ .;.•; •.
g::c.~ ~~fi.:fyg.-;yeµ: t~IJ,. ~h~~-
.. ;... ,.. .•. ...... .... ·':·.;.· ~, "".
~~~ ~.~ ~ f~.'·'· ·~·\-';

-.p.g~gc_;gµy:J,ih~r'ri9."~1lfi.'ffi.·\cb.0~1ht,r~:iJh~'l9i.~;,~-gµ,]a~'lw~.c. 'Pl oi~i

i· :~B.g.g/ :~,q,~y~i~c:~J~~ .~~F~::i~~~t.ljaitff.~P..'.'.~~j~~,£~~{.t[;9:?~?
.1Jiu1fo:;:kliiet<n!:in~bwlr~~s:li:~thoir;,.:rMli~t· !6a:B ·f<i6~~:£ronri·~··muc ·fieu -·
·:;i:K~5.f:;fi[~'.~~~:~1.f
ef~~;~:;~h~~ai~ci'.~hi~7#.~·::~(2i~~I~1~P.il.~b
·w· , ;rff-- · ··ii1ia'··1J:la' ·:t~~c
·ao··- . ·. ····"·· ... h."tkf:o ..... ...... ,, ........
1 ~ ,a~
-
I. ·:~~¥~,~~)~%l~~~~~fili~~i\;~~~:~~~~~~;;~~i:'.(f~~1i:1~~~;~~~6~
'
I'·· gmp:-:Chu.c~c: th!Jc .the. .xac· dinh .dtl:gc m\tc'ff~,4' ·~4f! dq_ri'g :cua
' !.
~ l minh,.· .Con; Sl:f ·ph.o!ig .J?hu Y.6. cac, :giiU t;>hap thi,rc hi~n. se l~m
,._l,j
cho cac thi.rc _tht i:ia~g:<l9il:g ll!Ji,.':Cai;:lr'.l1#g':ph6 hi~u·\gua. !,lh~
..
. ,·: ·. voi.Tnoi ;tfi.r.9ng_ d~ t'6ri t~i: PJ~il D~y ,i(mang l~i d9i1g ltfC
..~· m~rth cho :.caiit1i!~·~:(t_~,,·e;.hi~n· . ~11a~~\'.h·qitg':m6f: t'i.&e;rig. c~nb
·': tra(lh. · . ··: · · ···. _,., ,. . ·
.;.'
; . · ·~· ,. "::be da~:::r;1iti.,:.~9.\r9' dC- tgrj:ih4n. c~u th~nh l~V~ rM w~n
. !·

TI. ··:'.'·
.... :· .. ~ .. '

I 25
.f
I
 .... ,.: ...
·.. ·:·· ..... ·....

-~~~~~;~;;:,~~;~;;~t~,~~~~~··:
oach ·sacrr iJhat
.t1eu ·tten. bang'; qnµrig..
~an: ·h'anfr chinh ··tt~Ji:.
· . T.~:9r.i:~ ·q~a.Jdnh. X-~tJAQ~g,_.jlft~Ftri~n;·:co ~b~ ph~ii *.~n, ..J9~g· .
_!lh~~~..b9j)li~Y,~~J!g, ~f];g~i_iJ:~tJ'.~4Lf~~~c~n :ban·,~~nh ·•··
~~frih. sach:dc!,.khuy{n~'Icllrch\.kip thoi,c.aci-1?¢ ·ph~. n'~y~ N:e~( b9
. pµ~n nao,.,~n i'.1:9ng :ch.~ ·q_ua~ilii. p1lfil:rrrj.~gi~P,~,;1hi16~aiy~:icho
:· ·nhanh hem, o~ ph~n: n'~cfrthanh ~q,uil~(phfil klfu.ham b6t de
t~o nen s11 d6ng·deui c~ii.'.&11 tro~g.phaJtd~n.. · ····
Di .:Phoi. hgp. ho*t .d9ng\g1ii'a cctc· d'.p d¢, de b9. ph¥n
trong d~·.1~0 n~n:tfnhM<thong ~Mt che.trong:qt,Ia··trinh·v~n
.d¢IJg ci'1a 'chge tl'i~~ Kit qua d<J,t auqc cua thf!ctii{:do. nhi~u
1~'!-i h.o~t dttng f~o. thanfi.:·.theo m9.t tdnh ii;r.nh!t djnh,·,neu :b!
<l'ao l(>n se ·1~. hi!n d~ng' ker qui .ho~c:ch.tiy~ti tli~nh.. nhfrng
ke't qua khong mong ·tj:iuon. :Satv~y '·cac ~hii thl phai <l~· ra
ffil;lC tieu chfnh S~chJbtlng dhit ,d~ mqi ·thazih. pban .ctt!ti ·htr6'ng
tai mJJ.c ti~u ch11ng lren·ca::·sc(th\rc:·hi~ri. iSt nhffng.mi:t.c. tieti, b~.
ph~n cua· mlnh. o·o n&n ·~!l~c' dtigc rriV,~; tleu chung, ca·c. 0¢
.
Phatl Se. ttr. bi6t dlidc -
. vai tro, vi. t~(, th~i :.idan Va tirt:'.i'C: do. :ho~n
thanh cac'm!J.c·.tieu c9 ·the·cua m1nh;.d(t~.giac. ph6i Jigp trit!c
hi¢n mT,Jc titu chung.

3.

. .
Trong Iarih d·~o. git!u hap.h ho{tt dgng .th!Jc te~ cac chu
__th~.;phai_su.d9rtg.. rihi~U.~fo~Lcong:,c~ . qtia:n;:1j~m6i'd~t-:'drrgc:~. k6r
qua mong muon •. M6i lo~i corrg Ct} d~u co nhih}K tlrih .~ang.

26
 tac d1,1ng .nha'.t d!n\1, p.hU hgp v6i rnl,IC d[c~, yeu cau SU d1,mg
cu~ chu th~: . . . .
0· Ker qua phan. tich ~ren. day ·ve cac tac di,mg cua chfnh
s~r,~ chB }~a~,"?8~· t~~~J~ ~~9..~. ~~.!f1~:1~.~~ -~~ ~~a efJ.nh..h!:f.01g:
t~9 ·9(mg·:Nc;; ·~l!a:.pho1.hQp,, ..Q.l.~U .(:)!:J11hs~,c,Ju?..~t .~9ng -cy Jhe
••• , ".,!~· ·f~,,.J :.:...... ,.-:, ...... ••••~..... "':;;.1.f,:;::.·-.··1~ .. ~ •.•.. 1.... , f ,I

t~¥6 'ffiyir :~1~;~ ph.Hµg: tl,i~~,_·~9<c.hu11g:Jo cong ·cl.} chmh sacn

ma ·~~c Ghil .tl~~&i(.dtjJig J.~J;~eti;tgc.4?liaL,chl.~¢p mgt ~a/:bao gom
n·~i~«· tdMf: :~~~;~fi:~i~tr~~~;:t~~9'.i;. ~~f.oil:~ac.l}: trong plia1 tri~n
7
· Idrih'te·.:;
... ....xa hoi".<:t
. . hfoh
.· ·i;L·... · ·

Cac:tac ~ ~ .c~c ht;>.~t-~9ng. ~frih:t~.'

~~~~~t~a: -~ ~,
..._tri.i~ng
·-. ·c.~i~ti;·5~~.~.:~1:N~ ·~i
'J~~c hoa.t~l.9rr9.:l?!o:j:l9ri9..;.·xa;·:h9i· • .:·-:~
._. ~· .:· '. :. ··
. i...~!:1ch .
1• _ ...
. -,<':'.'.' ,. .~.. . . ·:. .. '-" •· . " . ,,_ t,or:ig .
· be~.
ngoar
· · ;· ·. hop
· NHO'NG'CHiNH SACHLAO
·.• .
.:: ·. -..•. · '.;·
. (~~.?~:~~rt; . · : '. : : '':P..9.fll_\~;x.~.Ji9!::.:i"'. ·. •':'°~ · - ':t====::!l
7

· ~-~~.:r:~c:: ~ . ;. · C:fl.i:::.ho~H!f.>l)g:it;i\5ftr.trong.:'.': · ·:·:

·: :"~~'/ ;:·'.['.'~~~~tp:~cl:,~,~~G:" , . .:,,.
H}J1h 1·1'~·:3~;~o'.vft{~:tn9i!i(ch1nh'sach.
. ~ . con'.g
. '

c; Ji.~,:~hqng:t(~~ . ~_hitth~fN.h~ iju~f~~,n.~:)lh~kg.phM, ban

.~~.~h G.~~··';¢f4~~~'-f~~~~/46i~'.ii;9i.jtr:11i~ifh({tJn.g';·'-fid'. a.¢rifi~~·
·Bhof~hgp,\ :ttie'ii:':ch~~h ·~ik ~~~ifa9.µi.'.Jfipfi:~f~;~·Cju~rth~:~a;·Ci.¢.iig
°".)ta .n.9i, . .m~ ·.t.~n\pJi~J.. J~~ 1~p,.~ m~(!r:ti~i\'.k -va:; b~n ·li~it.:'.~~c
chrpp. s~ch :d6i:;~g~~c4~:-~~.,;pµt~m·. n~R1h~. J3ii~;:i!o x4'.Y ~~··~tr.
~)lia'':bftn· ~.~P~.b}~~png nnq?·g:1~€;;·q~.C'.~h~~t'~d~e·¥~~~?fr te';.:~a
·hq i~ moi 'truongJ~t d3,n. ket \Tao .~ha.:i¥·:M'.~ ~U:c·p~l'rc r~p, ·do v~y
i;ac; .c:hfoh :·sach. t6n . :t4l: ti:9ri:g::<ri~ti::.ktt(l~: ii:~ri ,(:.9 ·~p~:.:VV:a ·th uc dii'.y ·
··' j. f

.,
 .. ":·

·.I
• :vtr~ klrrJ:.'.;}(ailfJ!fi.;nhau;
n:haut. lai "Neu"...·:kh'.&n~
. ........................ ...... e :ham.
, .... c:haC:.:tac
... . . . . . :.i
.~

lo~i chfnh.·.sadi tt:ong.Ji~:"ili9ns~ ~hi'.'('tngrc6~JM. ·bcf·~!$t ·n:n.rrri:g ·1·

. c~n''di~u
l1nh WC· .. . . '.bin~;;
chin&: ·= chfrin
.. s~~li
·:,g ..
~noiE .~~·~ ra :tJ1dn~t::>
1 .... Q ....... .', . .
·. '. .
. -C:heo ·:gifra c:fo chiri1CsaCIFiaffi1t~n-<:netlictntjiig '.c.Ua,.ctiung, \ii
tJ;1e phai ·tie'n hanh:phrut :fo~i :chirth s,tch-trong·rn.9r' li¢ihong~
.:'6

3.2. Phan 1o~i chinh sach ..

Phan lof;li ch.;fnh.:.sac~.J<h.6rig:rih<l'.t t;hi¢t. ·phai.'d'.tng.';nJir~c, "
may m6c theo m9Ccct'sh::c~·~t:K.~·ftao:.nia tu$1theo rriijc.dkh, ytu
cau <;:ua chi'.i th~:quan 1)? q(tifa p{i9n age l~p hay ke't '.hgp gJ&a
c:fo each ph~n ·'lo~f's. au:d~y:: ''
- Phan loai t::hinft,sa~h::.theo linh v.t.rc>hoat C19n.g;· g6m··c6
·chfxifi sach kin~'Je/;,~~ ~d~·:.:)crro~:;hgc·:.·xa h~i·t~'hi~h:qu6c
phong, gia.o ·9~c'~. y'·re;: m.6:1. rr~orig!,.:. . ··qi-Ch ptia.n 1'¢·~i:.n'ay.·~gi~p:
chiing ta n~m C1~c· cihfrl~ 'sai;!~. !dta. ·cg 'th~.. song·. sii tirqrig
chinh sach hhi~u va t~n·:m~rFneri khc'fki~m:soat
. - Pha,n Io~i ·difrtli· '.$~~h ·tliet;i .ch~ th~: ban :hanl:r c6 . · gow
chinh.sach· cua·Nha n~&c (ccSri':g9f:-i:a:chfn'h ·sach·cofig); ch.fnh
s~ch cua c~fo doanh. ~ghi~p1 :Cbinh ·.~ach di°'a· cat 1'6° c~i'!c phi
Nhl nU'crc khiic. Th~o:cac.11 phifu lo~itren tht~chib.h Siich C:6J?-g
la *'~n tang.. cho ·cpi:nh:'siie~"· caq '.d?anh 'i1g1'i~p. ~ac t6 chii'c
kinh t!, ;i:;a ML BC:i·v~y: trrdi 6n ·dinii, tiiln· ·6ao."Mm c~a chfnh
sach.cong thi.rang·caohcm. ' ..
- Phan lo~i:theo'thcri"giantc!n·t~it'.ua c_hinh ·s~ch g'6m.c6·
chfoh sach daib~n. truhghq.n'\1a ng~n ti~n. ThM giiln_.r6n t~i
cua-m9r· ehfnh-such.p11ai du aii'tFwc lil~ij· cfil'qc. mef~ t.f~ii d!nh --
hJ!ong CU-a~chfoh sach (~.go(l'.fr.tr'd61a nhi!ng ch{nh .sach·'Sai).
'·bcri vft.y rhoi gian ton- t~l 'cua mgt 'Chfnfi"~ach 'th(rffilg ~khQtig.

r··
28.
 tac d~ng riM1: d!nh, phu hqp voi ID\IC djch, y.e11 cau SU ChJ.ng
'C···tfa.cnu
. .. ·· rh~. .
. ···

. .: .Ket qua .PhAn tfoh ~re~·· day

ve cac tac dgng cua chfnh
saf,e, ·chp..' !-~·~l,J.;~p.~: r)~fuf°~ .~g?$. :f:.~~lfl~~~~:~,9~ ·~~a ·~1nh..~~~ng:
ta~ pong 'lgc·; •YP'fJ.: pho1,h.qp..-:ch_f;U .cp1I!hS?,cJ19.~t . .9.¢.og -c:t'..the
:. ih¥ti ·~~#:;#~Y,':~~~ri'.pf~~:_:d:e·;:~~&~g~\p'.cong··~tJ chinh ·sach
:ma .~ilc. c)j:ii'!,~t.f~:;i~U:·,.4~u$: ~~~~IJ,gd:1lf~i.9~1.:.~co mqt nl~"b.ad g6m
·.rih.1~-U.'.1d¥i,·n~~~·iii~'"h1·#h hti%Bng·:9J1Jnl!.;:$<l:oh.·trong p.hat trien
1

· l;c!°ri1J/~~.:i.k~Lti9t~6''fi'lritttt.'. )>'.,: ... . . .

Hinh ·~.; 1; $~;~~:v:~·,~:~::,~1:1:§n~·:cninfr,s«1<:i-i· c;ori9

: ·J:r~·:·r~9t!g-t~~~ . ~ho·tM}t,Nh?.·#t!q~:'.l<lJ;6dg;iiitaAg .ph~i· ban
n.anh' ~ic ',c~!nh'.:'~#h;'.d6i n~i.:1ci~';d!'Jiit1iW,c~~~:~:.:t~o:·d¢~~ '.i,~c,
ph6f Jtqp,..qi~LiAhirih :ciic ~h~t?°&9~g.·~ih1l/~S: Ci ~~rt~~'. ~~o. d,~ng
-.. ·~a'. hoi.:)n?t\c6n'. p4~ ~~o. l!p:':Il'l.61-"ti~~~fa ,va. ·ban' h~nn:.C:~c

;~i!~bi~t~1~~~:~~:~~~~J~1~~~~~~i;;t.~{~
:moi
·µgi~ truffilg'~~i'.'dank.et v~9 Qli.a:itb.et':Mcp,h;riq:t~1:i', :dc:i v~y
.. . ~ .. : . . . " ... . ,, a·.:1
.ca:c'~chfrt:h. ·.sa<;:b (q~:.t~:trorfg,flieu:J~i~n,
. . . . .· .. . ~ '
t~~)l c6.:the V.t:ra, ~uc· .
ay ·

:; .
 .. ; ... \
• ·• ·'> • • . ·: •· ~I 7~: • • • '..; ·. ,. '
nhau,, l~i vtra k'l,m·:na(1t:;Jan:.·inh'all:~ '.'.Neu 'k;h¢n:a .:··;~ ·
' ,' ", ' ..... • ff'• .'"

·narri chac:: cac

lo~r ·chf~h:sach. ttons·'.h~~ '1~6.rr.~(:~h~ '1h!::·c6~.th~\t;z/·s6t .nikrrig · l
.lin}1 'I.~¢ dn·idi~i.t:chfufi:'b~g·,,~h:~rih':$~~h;,~)lo~~· ~·il:y r.a;ch6rig .~t
. ·cne:o '.gifra :cac.··cfifqffsacb"':'l~rrCh1if·',cli~f'.filE"djjng:ci'fii.' .c1fung, ·vl
t.~e phai tlt:'n· himn phan.fo~1 d1foh s'ach,..Prol1g m¢.d1¢tli6n:g~
.·.
3.2. Ph*11 IO~i.~hi~ps~.~h .
.Phan iO~L chrnh::si:td~. khilng.:rtha'.i .t.iii~~: ph'M-:¢{(n.g.)1fi~.c,.
may m6c theo m9tl::ablte~ilh~ i:l&o«mA tuf,··.the,Q m.l;fc qfch, Y~.u.
c~ii cifa·'ch~ ihl:quan·lftl~Jva;~tj19tL't1~c l~p·hay. k~(h9'.P g~fra
cue each pMh ld~i.satLdlt~: : .· .. ·· ..
- Phah lo~i· c;hitlh::::!iath· theo. ~irih .v(rc';ho~i; .d¢n:g ·g6m ·c6
chTnh sach.kinhJ!.,:vall hdt-\kiiti~:ngc·:- xai19i, ~ri: nhtli:·:qu6c
1

phong, giao-di_icj,yre,: m.oi'·ttii&ng; ...-...c~b7h pliin 10.~i n~y·:gfiip

chling ta niim. di:rqc ~hirih ·sach Jclia .CQ tht, song.s6 lirc;mg
chfnh sach nMeu:va»tfut;m~rJ:.n~n kho.Jd~m soiit~

.
Phan . Ioa,.Lclifoh;
.°'
. . .
sach.
. ·.
iheo" tht:{
..
thS.,
. I
ban
·. ...
hanh
·"
glim:
.. . .
co , ·
ch1nh :sach cua Nh~ n:ucrc (:c'on :;g9i';la chfnh ·sach c6ng)., chinh
s~di eua Ci.le doanfr·righi~p; chrnh··~adi.:cua cifo .to.(i6ifo phi
NM· nrr~c .klik. Theo ·ciiq_h pha'n lo~irr~:fr thl.chfoh'.:sac~ cong ...
•i.
ta: a~n .tifug· cho chinh·· sieh cac;· ~<?arih nghi~p~. <?~c i6 chrrc
kirih re, ~a b9.i. Blii -1,1~y rrrin-.¢n d!rth, t.fHh··~ae)lm eu·a chiuh
sach cong th.trong cao hem. · ·
- PhAn lo~i·theo·tho!ifan t6n .t~i·Cf1a r::_hinh sach gom c.6
chfnh sach d~ib~n. trutig>h~n va. nga.n h~n. Thbi gian.t6n i~i ..
l:U_;.t m9J~hfnh sftch phai du .d~, t~t:TG hi~ri d11qc rnyc tie.1.1 dint~·--.
ht!erng. cu-a :chlrih sach (rtgo~FtrU d6 "la: ·nhfrng chfnh. sabh :sa!J~.
... . . . . ,. • ""'!

· bai v~y rhai gian r6n t~i c.iia m¢r t'.:hinh.:.:sach tfnron:g kli6ng

28.
.f ~.
 "' ,_. . .,,. > .. ·~ ..

. ngtln.. Tµy. i:ihiin.lh&i ·.Pian. cua motc:.chfnh ·sacl?·~·l~.i . "Iieti q:u~n

., •:d€rr ~~· 1 ~~\'Ui~~K~~ (t~i,"~~~~ ~hf~~;r$.~c;h;;1.vr µ_tii . P11~;~Ji:i~h·:~~ch
1
. . • \. , ..... ~
1: .. /' ::'\ .. , .. ( ' ·.i!)jo:\ .. I';: Al._ .~.~:-.:.:\:.-.:. ........ ~_ ....... "' -~··". ' • ,

.i::p1:ltfcap'':g1~o·a11C. 1:.i~i:i.lio.~:a1 11:11oc-~~,;nhii.ovxo'it µ*n: mu'.l:l}ff

· ·· : '~·~-•
';::• ..,•J-v..,1 1:."'\ ~ ...... ~~;..r~-~!i..7 ·'.;;~";.t,:'"'~~v.··~?,,t :~:t:~-.::o~
• '· t· • ' '. •. • •

·.·-;a1ctn't'h.tqi~d~~<:c1rt16rr1Ji5d'€n.kb:ther n~u:afmli'ditr:>:nb-hJ·a la
··~:.:~- .,,:r.~.·.~'('f:i:Z:~7:~ .. (;l."';~\.:)'.~~~~· ·~~!I·~>~"''"':''': '···· .: .. C, ;-:~~ .,.5;~·.·.·· ~(f,• •\~ .. :.:. 1•

·':'voi:m9r·rij,qj~·gian ;nJl~t.dln:~.1(~hp__,iiri'g!t20· ri.~.m'ttt:h~i.11'.19.~Q -~~n

, . . .,.~ ir:·~~-~·iif C. .~.'. \.q·l"\.•·_ ...<'.'°,~1,~ .,,.,·\· -~ :""· -·,t·/1~· .~_. .. 1 ; . . i ,

:~'l9SQr:~Nn).bfg 'd!!n···n:ay l~i co'

hi~n cu;gi:i.~ tai rtiu; '.v'f''the fna
chin.h sac::h ),(pa .mu v~n 6.?m ~ai;:i:lttn.i... H,9,~\:. ;!Jfltt·;(.:hfoh sac;:h
·baq,..:ve·:s;uc:khO'e\'c6nif.d6'rl~~tb~ ~tif&C1~Z-.rhnh,:!,';b,9ng . .buau ·c6 ·
'• ....... :.t.~~~ .. ~- ... '·.-:~:-~~·.: . ~ .·.:-..:;.~·!.~· .:.~~:..;:.\~·:,.;i,~:!:11\:::>··:: ,.,, ..... :~".. .... .. ... -
~~.0;!¢.:?.-r~t1.tg.OF.::q30-1!!a,Ph'~!1'.~P.-$}!1~'.i.if~P.Jh'lf.·'.PJ<t-JJ, -~O· iw.m ·da
)~~p;ng ~s9.~':;ng~oL);,>.q@!.f~.;':Whi.r'1/~y: .sii.Iqh is&~h.ff~i 1rcr iMnh
·. .•"':' :· • ".. .,. . .... ' "'.:' ~'.r~i .. r !(··· ~~.~ ·::1.r~1::i:_:;:. .:.~··· ·~·~';. :\,''H", .~.·;':·:•~:.·~
..
't' "' ..,

·9~a~~.,h~p.;;1'if1.r: 1,d~:r·~?~-tti~;7~~¥ . ~~-~-rrtt'·~~s~ p~i:.::h~.!l)h~qng.·:Ia .

nhu·ng
. ' .
c.hfnh~~sacfi''c&··l)a[i'.;,Co:anh;·'.ht:iong
•' • ,, .... " •' ' ' l' • • ''. ' '• ..,.;·., nhi~u :lTnh. we
den I '=~• It.~:::'", '\!'•)'•i, +

~?.~t .~.91~,~ ~lf~c;J~Mury.a: q4Y,~t'j~4in'b?ll~~-'.fu.~f :r~~§ Ph~~. tF,!,{n

·9~·µ·~,~j:g·~ ~,~tinKg~~~~J~f :1i!Mi¢0,~.et91i~uq!(g)~·~:~9~fa:"f~:~~ a~A9.i
.rfihr::c&'iAff:· s~¢.h,::9Ati#1~;::1i'.i.r.i
..
:igiiW~: c.Q:1i.tl1·:1§ic:n·<:'.k:.ihh ·v:. l}h#!-1
,•:.'t•:'i..,,;:·~';'!'J..;'\il ~.;.!'\ ·•·!.'•!!"'~I·~-~·:-,,..., "'.:'",·.;.,f._, · ..... ' .. , •.... ~·;···~"·.•:, J.(~: ....

.t~~nrr:. Pn*ri. Tli~.f :giii:n· tq·n ·r.~p ·cua ,nhtiJ1g ·chinh'''.s.~Eti'·ri:~y gan
Hen vai thcri k§: q:1.ut:M .di !en ·~M µghia ~~..49L~ n~C(c ta.
Tuong'. tl:f n.~i.r v~y ;.· ¢ac .chfnisai:;:n· ~o<~f{r ·fJo/fi~~f~h tl~ftg· hay
Jhay:49; pht.f:.k:Y .t.J:1u~t cong·h:ih&:·rhb.11g"tin; ~!if .~.aJJ.Ang ·b.~u ...
. . ;. • . • . . • ..., .....l·'\ ••>"1"""';·•1';.: ..... ,., ..

la ;nh~g c,hin;h ,')~ch. ngfui h~n ...Cpn c~c .~pfon\sa:{i~:I<h_cic .duqc

coJ ia)r~P-~,:h~n .. ~4 ~rt!~.:P.Rtit)g,~4~,~:i.\~b?b:'..rh;:/Fgfan :c~tlng
ta :cfii.l pfian 'bf~tB1rllili :s6Jiz ·vc:1r~1iiii11igdi:h1 h;f.l'Ji:cliran ,, ·
··: ' "·~:.~.;. ·. ~~~\··,,l : : '.~ ~< :~f~). , ;-::-1~~~:::· t~..:t:i.~~,-~: l1.\~~;);h~;: .~: \1.~..·:·~~,. ~ •I' .•• - . r•·\ •

. . . :: .Ph~Q.)o~i ·-~.~l;;t~,§1FJ.:l,.t:l,1~9:\Pij~j.it·:Y~~qµ<1-n·:M co cac: Io~i

ch.fob sach doi ·n91: '.·ch..rnTfsacb d6~ ngo,~L .C.hfoh !i4~h d6i .ri9i
Ia iihlfng chfnh '.~~g.:~~gc;~a1rd~n_g:~fro.~gi1~~fr-'(ii¢~_q'll:Cii:: gia de
oiifr qtiyet, cac v~h o'~ phiil iiJth nQi:t~i~.Tron~:Cfitnh s~cf.:t;ioi
~6i 'c6~·~:1;if~··:ohiM·t'Iii1ri1r·~hrfl1i"sach: idn~\thei,~I1f1Jh s~ch. kliu
.v:~<:i~Jiri..1ryfr.b, 'iu~~~#J¥.~.;i1&i dhr~·HjJ~~::ti~I;·µgi v~. doi ~zo~i,
-luon··c'o~ tµifiilJe:ti:.~11:~'.·M~ffhi~i Y.a:iao5tf~hrg.qua· I~i ~.
Hi.n,nliau. .,i
...,
• ' •• • h

29 . :~i:
.. :~~!
~ ... ·. ......:... .. .~ " -~- .........._,.... . '
 •!,.'
'-:·. ·.•':

· - Phan lo~·-·¢hfi'.}h s;fo'h,,fhe;o 1 :tt~h;_cliift;_~n:gj~lli.q.·:'.¢u;~:,:qh{(.

I~:~:$~\~;;~=!~~~~!}~~~f1~E· .
r_a ,de ~iaiguyer.:m,9t ·:v!~::tJ;:d.~j5Mt-~i'.iih:~~Q ~'. l1:g~ng~\~e!l ._ ~ '

· .doi'·song-·c¢jig, doil'g: :ca~n\·g'iaFi:fuyE'Crfntf.V~y· r~Franl I:a··rnang '

.,ttri~ t~-t} d¢ng. . · ·· ' · ·

- Phan io~i
d1£nh·sapb.tJ:ieci.'~1E;th,-ch.a~ iac 99~g. g·&in co · .
ohfah Siich: thuc .aiy :lf~Y~klm. ham:,:duril}.:~4.ch .df~U ti€t hay
t~o l~p moi frtiC1~g•. chfo.h;sith tiii. ki~m ~ay tiert dring~.; Qich
phan lo~i. n~y giup cq~11g ta.·quan.,ia.m.: rihieu li<in den vi~c. tlm
·ki€m cac giai phip_ thi;rc hi~ii m~c lieu chlrih sach.
thtfc-hi¢n ·phAn: 'lo~i ch!rih. sach
Hi~:n nay nhi~u. qtioc::gfa
. theQ ffi\JC. tieu t.aC d¢ng nen chi baa. gom ha le~j Co':ba:i:l Ja:
chfnh_sach phat ti.i6n cdri ng~ai, chlrih sacfi:.~6i.n¢i;va ch~~h
sach doi .ngo~i. · ·

4. CHJJTRINH.-CHINH SACH
4.1. l{haLrii~m
. Chu i~hz.Ji- c-ftlnlr .~~'t::li .'. 4kq:c )zilu Jli qy~ ·.ti'.ii1!t liffm ·.
clmvln cac hitffc· t~~.ktfatsitchtfrfi . Ja'c:iz. deliJc/it):ac dinh"dltdc
/1i4it quaczia clii11Ji'sad1 ·rt;;;1,,~iri,~~hg.;a'/19i. . .· . .."
4.2. d.ac.bmfo ttoti~tdtu ~~\nh .chinh~,$ach
:B1roc~ dau· rie:ri :rro~g. qh:Q:. ;~il~h~ ·d1trlh~~:·s~ch Ja: kihi:ti;. sg .
chirth sach•. Kliqf ~~:;¢b.i~l{sa¢h bao,:gom. pa6h.o~ti:tQ.p;g_.:nnam
-~~_a:!n}i d~gc Eliu1{g mo~g ~~~p;·~~~§~)n~6 t!i-~in~a.y_sfoh·__

3Q
····.:·
 ·.•.

···· ~hii~il (!i\:6:.·· Niu:. ~qtip;g...111~ti thui1H~&i':niiy :-sinfi ~~n auq.9.

g,i~i quy~t<bang· ch!fi4 ·S:a~h'.thJ.,;~iii'u:!l.~)X~t}ieP. :i~c~.~em xet ·er~
cho ra .cf&i m6t. chlilb csaeh iri&k··CU- ·nilu th~ ·6i:ur. irln"h chfoh·
.;~~il 4.rrq~ 'I~~:.1~r~6i n;~b~;-~,..ngay :ca~g:.::~o~n ihl~n ca ·v~
., ltr9ng :va -chit.' · ...
. . .. ·~

.Co thlniinh ho~ cat .'f:iu:ac 'frorig chu' tr1Iih chfoh:s~cn~

nhtr·sau-.(ll'iiih L2h. .. ·, · ··
.. ~.

..
~·

r
...• thl
ThUC
.~lifrifr s~'ch
•I'.
· II
..
, ::.
. .i ...
PMt'11i~n· .. · · :Phtn:tr_c:h O:~~{tti.
I ' , .,. • 1<111---...ll:il-
< - ~hrnh sach bhfrih sach
.
.'
fl~nh .g!if ·. ·1+========::11
-:chtnn:.siich·. · · ·

...• .
'
G:fai·thich:
·===· >:chl.sl,i. iu'a:n -~l')i.iy~riJforr9· ~hU:~lnll. ~hinh ~ach
• ··~ ·'.!~·· ,_ ..... :-··r-;:.'l- ·~·. :·-'":, -~- ...... ,... ·~·:." .•

....._......__.·1t¥m..': :ciir rri8i-ii~r{h~·ti-if;; tieti · .

32
 CAU. .HOI. THAO
. . .
'•
LI.iAN
.•· . CHUONG
. i .~

'.

. . :cau I_; f1;ilh:,(c~D hay.it~~ ~t€t chtnh s:ic~J~ gl'~ N6 c6 y

?ghi:a n~J.;tf:{h.~~~d~il~:~pf_~~tti{~·;J)'f~t$~'..)ti~:B::cl~'G'.~ii~AJ01 m¢t s6
cfl(nh sac~ftri','lng:t~;tt:~te .
. •... . . Q~~;:·t{~,~~J;ti:D··M).t.:·cho. bie(shtrifi ·s~ch:d~qc s:lr d~ng,
dtl~n{.,.ri'so:s;lnh
• ·: . .Ii' .. ~.'
v.oi dc
• . . . .
loaLcona.cu
•. ' :
khttc/>.
:'O·~.
.. ., . ..
.:;·.:=-' ·

. . .: .
.
;•:.
. .. •. ~,..

...
I•

\' ·~. ~· . ..
"~'
.:~·.
¢
:; ~.'.':· ..
:· ;J ~.

, ;;r .
~~"

:~~~:,l-lDCSC
:~ .. .
33
·
.. . .
 •l'
BO-Atil ~~H~!:~~(@~~NG' ·
.. · :~·' :· ·~·; .. ::. :.:~~ ... .:.;~ ... :).,:"·~.-.:...·::.<: .. · ...:-.·/':: .·:·'· .. . ··:~·:._·:.· . . :l'.t........ ·.
. • . : -·, .' . .. • ..~.·
·.· .....
: ..

i. · - :Kaf\t:N!tNl'.;.\rhTR;t.t:·-~@:tII;A:7ruAi:·:ao;;;cH:·l)!Ntt ·
cHfN}tsA,§!f · ,.. , <. : · < ..:; ·-' · · · --~- ··

1.'..

'·'
·~..
.. ·
saclj~ Vi dl} tu "-cAinif:$aqli :p11~t·'M~n:-.m9t;n~n::~rili:te ·dong'.' ~
. ~~:

--Nha. nirac- tien µaiih ;ho~cli: ~!nlijri¢-i "chfnh ~ch phat fr.ien·.
n~ri kinh .tt m~'\ Clay.' Ia .'hai chi1:rh_ ·sich-.:k~a¢ n_hau •. TrO'ng .
chfnh sach .ma.cill:a.-thl q~~n M gilia .nJtqt ta, vaf de nu6c .
trong .khoi ASJ::AN.:y~ vcri_ :~_~f-(rit!O'f ;~trac::~g()ai. f4~i c:iiT.lg-.:
'. . ' ...· .. ' . . .(

· dtrqc · ~Qi 1~ ·nhurig

.c}linb. saii!! k1:f~¢ a~au.:;:~~~i l~ t-r-lnt v.~h
d¢ng ·cua cac moi qtian hf-d;t~ff·ng9!:!-i·ttr' tli"ap d~n·:ca:o :cua":'.\.''i~c
ca~ giam th tie xuat~· nh•p ldl~~·:cU:a --nti'crc t~ ~areac ntrcrc.'ttong
khOi 'khOng dugc coi la ho~ch dfnli thinli::sach ma chi.g9ila
di~u ·chirth chfnlLsach~ ·
 Ti:r nhii"ng in6 ta rren day ·CO th~ d~ den m¢t quan nit?rn
~feh t!11Jt ve ,ho~ch ditih ~h!P.h sach I~ t~h
nglifen .cuu, .xay·:di,oi.g vclb:fi!i 'Jz4nlz day dii met dzinh sac:h.
Khi f;f~gc qa~ _Ii~~~ ·:9hiflh sac~ ~~o~~·~§, ?6..J1f~.g, :11!.~ 9f,it:~: thi
: Y?~:m\?.i:~Q.9~j~s~ ¢.a~·nh?:fs:;t~oP!k~~r.1(<?.L~~Oi~J~(PP~.P if i&~~;mqt
chfnh·::-s~~h.Jtw;tc ;tfti~111~n•'q::.fRl :r~U.G;' ~¢:i ii¥~i. .Y.i :th~w ,q ~yen
bart h~~h. ~~~;~if:pa,;qµ;aA;qtian:~~r,.· rilikNJti~. : ·· · · ·
1.2. Vi t""~ . ¢ix~J1~%c~{dirih::~hfl:t1ts~ch
,· •
Nhi.!'ng,·~~~~~:tli*c,,v~ :ch~nh'.sach .G6 Cr);hµang l F~~t ta
••••·••• • •• ' ~- -~· ···' . ~· '. ·' • \~.·•.1- .. • •. '•

tpay.,h~~~s~ ~j·ri.h:,Qbf~tr.s,~¢litc6··vi_'~\~§;~~gi~t;~u~;·~!2~~ ~,i;ppg

..c~~,:tt-1~~:t~·f~h':s_f.~.~;.Hq~h :~i,inliI_cru~lt ~~,c~·1~ 1~i~~ l'",.bf?'kd~u
~.r9,i;~}i~~. ,q;lnl1 c~f.n~ . ~a~h- .nW..nfc~(i_-.ra_:,~qi ,ei.r9.:c;m9t. ~b{nh
~~;h:.i?f.~!!Ji~.:!\µ)i~g .to~,~~n;raqt·~~~~ lqph .~~1 : 0~:·~9~.. 1\1y
cJ:iiu11.~.~gh tgrb l~i.{thUOJlg::~x.uyen;~va~co li~.h h~ .m~t- Jl}~e:t__.yoi
.~~~J~ng-, ~~~:~~!r-:nli~~g :ria;~iqltiiii;·'.~~ii···r~·:~~r??~·~-~-a:;.~9i
At~!!-~ ~~~µ:.~~c·~a~:'P~4*1.v~t i5H~t~·'C1i~h.'f\l :~!~~ ~.~~$.J~h~~ . ma
· i_~. rti9fi,r.9.~~:*h'~n.~:1P"~i :san '.R~~§: ~~~ ·9~ff~~n~ ~qia.~Jy k~i
<:<1.lfl .tQ.~·:_qu.~r,i Jy::(llJ/£;:Jha: ni;ac) .ra: m.9t q~yef~i~h~:~hfrih·.s4ph
'·nR~m;t~).w::~11t1.?i~~t:'-c~d·i~f~n 1ii<?:.ri~r'~~~~.~:\~~~{A~~:;~µ_&n·~·,4(n
··i.nM~;:~~~g ·~,\:tp:~~·; 1x::;~iii'.Nh~ 1.nuq2'. :J::tn\l'.tY.~y)h:rg~ . P.hm:~p,g ;·9J~n
1

~$~.~iiU.-~:1~i•1w~9~:~;9f~~. !~~~.~·.'.~f~h\:~ht~~w-~,~-~,~~:~~¥?. r.~·..w~t s.an

·p~~!'A}lB~)y..:.cu~:~i?:'.~~ay''ltfn~ ri~qc·::.':$:h.i;-f7W !~ san· ph~rn<.tb1
1
.~,g~ril1:·,$~t;llA~i. ~O-~$:~~ ;~r!}tri:~v.#g ;¥h~·:f.4cti~A~ :'.P,~~rwx;~.J19i
~hfi.f~. PJzh1~t:J~:::theq;~p~efCi.¢gjff~rLtfri:Ifii,·µ~g,· thl ·cP.Jri.l'~:·s&ch ~g:~
.la i:.ong cv quan- l~t cua :nha P.ir&c 4~ :vti:a· d.fnti'. :h~¢rig, vii~
· l{h.uy<;il 1Sb.i9.4::;t~ :~!foq,J~.e:~. :c:fo. .qu~ -trlnlf'kinh li1- ~:~: . ~~i ..--:~n
·.. ·a·qng .ph~t lri.erL.x~i .tr:en G~~hatphudo.£rd1~rt .·66~-ihl 11a~cl1
·..ctinh dl.rtili.. . ~<\ch 9uqc "; coi. Ja ...::og.uy.~n
-~ '. •·. .
Ji~uAdu·
.
vac, d.ong tho'.i

35
 ..•:...:·

cu~g JiL k€rq.;ua dliu.':i~ .c.!la:;9?J::ii:J~~-tr:!~h,:·qu~n :ly n.qi: 'dtupg,

'lftian ly nh~"ntrdc·ttdl.'ii~ni~:m~i?. rh.lf¢'ii.hit;v~y ji)~:t-:th'<ty'.d)ii;i~.
--,,·d4-y ·du· v! trr:quarr:.ttQtlg :.t~;:f ilo~#Q:~difi.b;thfrili sacb..-. .
' .• .• . . ~ • • .1 •

l.3. y nghia)1o_~J=ll Ctln4·c~(nf{satii .,

0

.,
...
. . !fo?c~ droll C:~irili ~·dchA:fing:,:quq¢;;t;6J-Ia tti~tJo~ guyet
.d~~h q,Ja.'n ly_ ~¥c bi.~t eha: .ca .:ll'l~(gi~t~6~nc t6n·t~ ~h~r fri~n
cu a th Q'c''.th~: nhahi. d~t:rnl.I<; .tieu .qiian' iY~ ·N.~u:,·qu.yti: C!{n h do
dung diin. khoa h9.c sis gi~p ~M dl\tc··i~e· c6 rihi~u thu,~n lqi
tr'ang·qua trlnh v.~n d~mg ..p~n,· rnyc tJ~u,,cbn·quye'.td!nh do sai
se lam cho thvo rh~ k~ong . nh.fin·g.mai_phtrqng· htrcr!ig trong
qua tdnh ·v~n e9ng. ma con gay ra,·'i:lh.ifog M:u qua· khong
mong muon cho ml:lc-.tleu.. quatdy. Nhii'ng~·ton h~i n~y...khcrrfg
chi mang-tfnh rihc!t thcr.i~ Ct]C.bQ, ma µ6 anlfthrcmgJilu·dAi, sau ..
s·:ic den nhieu nga~h va.lXnh V\fC; trong toan -xa'.h11i;. d'i1ng rihtr '
"V. I Le,.ilin danti gia:~Neu.xay ra'.. baci 11,tro phttdn~ Nam van
c6 th~ duc,:rc mua q phµ-arig :Biic, n~u b:ao··tuyet &phtr~q~ B~c
v-an co tM- dug~ miJa, Ci plittang'.Nam, nhiing·n~u ~hihh sach
sai thl mat miia tren ca mrcrc. Chinh v1 th€ cac.nha hoach dinh ·
chfoh such dn het. suc,.tMn trc;nig chinh sach d~gc ban ai
hat;th phru la bhinh sach· tot. M¢t chfoh. sach tot 'se. c6 f nghia ·.
to Ian s~u day:
dfnn cn.,fnlr. sacif nut ililiifl.g ciio .ca rierr.
• ~ • • .. • 4

1.3.S. ·1!""0~-ci~
trlnh chtnh sach ; . .
Chu tdnh t:;hinh sach d.ttcrng nhu la ~~( yoilg X:oay 6c
theo huang r.ig.ay C-lng noan iht~h. trong de h~~ch d!~h cbfah
sach (.hrqc xem la bucrc :cb:t.iyen :le;h· .&~t ban lfofig .clfu - cao
. trlnh. N.hfrng van d~ qucjci qdc:· kettrong· S!:lOt t1¥n tr:!nh .phfoh .
sach se duqc coi l~· n~n t1.g
'd~ .cun~: C:6 xay dvng. chfoh sach ·

36
. . . . - • ,'"P . . . . . . . 37 .,._.......
 ;~n°,~¥l:*01~~,~~~~~~~1~j~~1~~:;;fv
mgt-·ca~~. liqp.Jy~ khoa ~Qc,Jijt,~:r:atJ~J.i~·tt,~:t:-;dl;rqe;·:mtr!;J,t~'.!l.'."PP:a~ :·::;·'.·::·~
. -~~i~~ ~~-~-?.~~.;~~~~-~lit -~6. ~)i~~~. $~~h~ .cigjie~t. '~9~~; ·d~: t~~y:'· ··.c:
da dinh .'hii'drig .<lfrif~ chchii11:ifi'.vt! !ia=·!tlfic v.~ Ji.l·~·njJMp. .peii
·M~c""-'dtr·--rrr3:.h:cr:t{u-aii~qua:fi"'lf'NliA+I1uCic-:;ct~li prrar:th:~e·Iii~n r;
cp.ti'c nang, ·nhi~rµ Yl.J dri'gc,giao m<iJt.ca.cn d¢c''~li, .sori'g .neu co ~ ,
<;~i~h sach cac ca qum.:na)'- se;1;>h~~;}.i~1fli~.,ph6t'hgp v6r nhau . ·:
4e t.hiJ:c hi~n.mt}c tiei.qu~nJy. · , · · '. · · ~ -
1.3.s~ Hof!c1z".dfnk~ dhfnh: sdch si tr.u.yen ·dqJ. a~ffc td
cht q.udn ljcua Nha "nUt1q tU'iz:. 17-en ~h t.e trong. ti'.mg ;tfuJf
··ky . . .
.n~··quin If n~n.k;nh t~:"'.;Z(.a,.h¢.ic6"ke't qu~•. Nna:.rpr6'c .
'•

phru chit ch~ng f~.oA~p 'ca che. vgn d¢n,g.Jhich .hQ'P '-\1& :tli'ng
di~u ici~n "v~ kh6ng' gi~ \!ff tbai gfan. Cq clit.V;fii !4~ng··oa:o
gorn ca che~n hanh cuan~n'iclnli.tet6n-t~r.theo.~C.quy lu~t .: .,
va cc1- che quan 1:9~do .Nh~·nu6'c Na ch9n.1'{1fo' ca cht quan Iy . :
ttrctng th!ch vai ccrchtv~n .hAnl1 dh(ii8n.. i<lnh te haY. tr!nh d¢.
ph:lt trien cua xa:.hQi·'Se·;thuc'day kinh t€, ·Xa." hQi.'ph~.t t.~i~n, "
con ngUQ'C .f~i no.Se klm .harft:c~c· qtritdnh v~n·dqng;· Nh~
th~c day du ·vlLv~i fro ·chfoh. sach. tten ·giup ·ch~rig ta 'CO y nhtr
. iluk han .khi nghien:.cthi xa.y dt}Tlg clifnh ·s~ch cYe cac chfnh .
sach .dtrqc;: ho~ch d!nh ngay cang gill} vat ticu clii.tan d1.a.. mqt
cMnh sach tot.
- .
.... . • ,;, - "f . :.... ... "" . • • • :. .. _...~:.: ..

"'
.t... 'ffE·U Ch""tlAN" CtJfi;..NlQT ·9Hf~H SJ>i.CH T()'.f
. .. .. .. "".. ., :' . . :. .......~~~~··r·~!l.-;.::< ... .. ····. .. :.
2.L Chinh sach tot phat hu:6Iig tc'Ji. qttJ:c 'fieu ·phat
tri~n chnng. . . .. . .
M¥~ tieu phat,-tr:il-n ma~·nha'.n·''dah-ta"d~ttg·:n&"--llf,C. in J!C',..

38
 hi~h. du&i Slf lanh .d~o cua Dang va quan ly dia Nha nu-oc
cGng:pgu h® voi ~u .th~ chu~~ c~~: thCti d~i. Dan giau, nucrc
m~nh;::·:l(a h9i cong bang, clan chU. v:an minh 1.a ·m1,1c tieu
~hl.\n.g,.xuyen suot c;:ath~i k514i len Chii ngh"ia.xa h9i ~ nu6~
ta. Tron·o- moi thcri ky) Dang ta iai de ra p.hijng m~c ~.i.~p ~.1'! the
Phu hQ~. ,~ai -nh1fcaif 'thitc'Yi ~~~:~af uu&(ftring: t\lnl;;.u1~u
0

:Cho
1ci~n. 11oari can{nha'.t'pjnh. ·P~.~:d~ dµg,_e: riAtwg-.m.9c ~ieu cv
th~. :N:·i,.~··ntr\5'.c pl:r~(su.:d~n~ c~C''coP:~ c~ s4~.i;i.1Y;-;~9I .~.~ch llilu
ti.ii?u... .de ·d~~!l.1.harih ·h9 ~(d9ng~ xa 119i·theo _4jn~. '.h.u~,g. ~~ ,;11.e
~i:? .:~i~).!, ch chin!J. sachj~qrig'th~'i~ch''roi'.mijc"·rie1i ~h.ung.
NJ:~~·--~~~µ ch!~~· sach;.:phan '.attli ..inop;g··;m.µpµ· ~~~'.N~a. ~tf~Ri:,Y~
nhji~g ;g~a 1#~1. ldnti, .t~•. ~aJ;19r,caµ d.~~·_dugc;ifron~~ tj:rdng, lru-.p~u
hqp ~6f~~u q~if pMqr~~n i::~U;ng·toa~ :iirh91: ¥~!;:·tie~·: s::h~pg
·Ya~'.~\is'.'t~eu 9fil#h;:~~h.J\lOfl Cp, S~ gan b6 m~t l];liet Y,Oi ·i:i~a.U,
0,.~~~g.:~~.a~f~~ng.·~9·;,~y"~~c. n,l}~~ ~~ . b~n la. ml}C °Ii.~'.u ch{~h
sae:h ·:P.hai C\i 'tht,:'r<r:r.a;ng YA fo.r®.g·,t.&Lmv:~ i:ieu.·phl,ln'g.. N~u
m9f'~l:lfo&:~#h ·~a.n :~~.:co. ·rrftt~ ti~~l. ~hOng_~at tJ:ufP. ho~c-di
.n~-~g~ l~i mgc: d~u . .fli,~~,~-Jg:~Ii?~g .~~irgq;4an;_~hdn_g)i!l "t,tto~g
Jh.~c· tq~~ :·~~~q·kfi6iii,'>~ti'Q;s;,;~P~~Ji.~~.~ .¥9.!. P.Allih. sadi-;n_htr
~~y;~~~;~:~:~c{~:~~y~'.:~~f'~~fi~~li,~9t~ · - ... }::~ ,,·: ;:.
.2·~g.;.Ch1nh sac~' to(phii t?-.Qta d9ng· lg<i tji~nh
.. .:·: ' .. ~· .,"~·· 'i. ~ 1": ' ·. . . . ~··· .... ·' . "·;-:
d 1 •,

.' . Ba;u:knf·p:a:n '.hlnh:"'bhlnh Sa\:h.di. :vA9 c.uoc song ·fa, sao,

:. 'tai:; ·4~h1g·.nhrr :th€ ·rra6 .c1~;.(q~a i~irtri .v~n d¢ngic.u~·cac :ye:u -r6
ct~ d~J rn#c 'tieu d.~·'ici°!!p)a ·-v¢n ~ep;rc ]f~rq.uµIt)rQng•.Mu.c tieu ·
c4a, Sll.irih, ·s-~kh' ·d~. r~' Il :~~rtg 4~. :di3,p ·~".Ag -:p.~~w~n· ·o/.Qng, c.ua
n,Mn :4.aA::nl{u·ng. th11¢' hl~h'i~u?~'.1i~:Y·l4:ioni.q~n ttJ.:Y.·thµ¢c vae:
~-:. . !~;~ .ll'.l.~rig l;i~n ·pnap. ¢µa. 'c~rhli ~s~211 . . m$?..y :trgng, m9r. s;h;i:rh

..."
·' s·a'ch -~\16 tieu, va bl~~'. :p,~~1Lti£ ·i~ m9t ·~ti~ th.~%g nh,tt' man_g
titih d6ji?!i. h9,, ntdng _'ch!cti va·~;~t} d~n.g._:J14'9:t- rn\(c tieu duqc

. :.·
 thlf<i hi~n ·hllfig m¢t h·~ t!rdhg:~i~.r.r:~ph~p•..trcirtg:. do ¢p rihrtng
b:i~n pliap: ~il!:C:-tj~iJf: bi~tj; ·phap: :giariCt~lt.P.; bi'~ii:'ph~:p :c:~tnh;
frc.mg Tam;-~~itpnnp';&9'T(.if ~·~~.,J3J~p._pha.p.~Ia°:d~ th~q:·M~n
mlJC ti~u~ ..nhrrrig Vai nnfrng_.'tnl:lt t-ieti·.b rinfc d9 ~h~:fo'. nb.au· ciin.
:' phai c6 rihi:fng.hi~n.ppiip~kMc:nhau.Vfd~: f)~' d·~t'fihU:ng rnvc
ti~u ve hrgng tro:ng .m9( (hbi'.ky ngiln thl can tp nnilitg oi~n
phap huy tl~ng ngtion Ne fr~c tiep va·niang· riiih kinh tG lfr
chU yeu; d~ d~t m9c·tieu Icrn.v~ kirih te'; xii h9i trong. dii.i h~n
!~i c~n c6 nb.fillg:Gd the'- khtiyen kbfth . t6ng ·hi?p,
. tr-ong do .

thien v~ giao d\{c thuy.et ph1:1c giilp chc:.im9i ngl!Oi ti;{ giac ·thlfc
hi¢n. Nhll' v~y cotntJh'iy m_1:1c ·ti~u :Ia yeu t.6 quy'et djnh vi¢c
hJa ch9n bi~n ·phap va. rigttgc l'~i bieri ph:~p IA di~u kit;n. I! ye'u
·tO. thuc d.iy den" v6i, lri1:lc: tieti. Nel.t '~1:1c deu.. r~·o r.a ·dtrqc ·stic
hap dan vOi deri: song ia h¢1 se:dtrgc .i\hAn:'ciai:i. httong ihtg thy-c
hi~n. bi~n ·phap rich eve 'se
c6·· tac d~g m~nh d~n- mvc ti~u, ·
nhanh ch6ng bien tn1;1c.tieu th~nh. lii~n:tlil!C.o; Nnttng bi~n phiip
· chinh sath c6 rcic d¢ng m~nh ci~:n.mt,1c fieµ tlitio:ng·.mang tinh
:CO' cht cao nhtr co. che tg ·~M. co: 1;h( iqi: ich, cq cblf r,i'ach
nhi~m. ca cbexirh(]ihqa .v..y.. : Trongthi;c te eo 1\'lh~eti thinh
sach ·t~o ra d~itg Ii;c m:~nh ch<:? phii,t tri~n-kinh te qti6.C: dan
nhu chfnh sach Jcinh . nr nhMu .·thanh phlin;.-chfnh ~ach luu
f'_ J..
1 ,1''' ·• f
't_ ';' 'f '.; fr,.'•
If Iii' ,_•.
0
~• -~"' I
tncn.g san ?••am, .~ang ,~oa, ti;i. uo;: cm:nn sacn. gJa mong nmu,
._<(t .,; •

chlnh sach kinh tf'hQ, kihh te tr~ng tr;µ trong. nOng: nghi*p;
' sach clan so~ la~--d6nit,
chinh . ..,.
viec· -
.. lam v.v.... '
iTarn: l'}i. mi?t clil'.~li::sach .d.n d6' ~p·dlXQ'C nhiing van de
12.~~ l';..tlc ma xa h9i dang quan tam giai'.quyet, ti:i'c aQ'_rig 'tf¥c .
tiep den nguyen rifi•'i~,cua van de~ c6.-.l:tl\lt·'tieti C\f. th~i·ro rang
voi t~hurig' bien.
. .. . . pham
. J!' knoa.
. hdc.,chi.fa:
... .. • c .:ccf·ch~
dtfui:r . ..t-.rc
.: iicfoti-.
.•. ~

rhfoh hqp se co rac dgng m~nh den.11.o~t a9ng kin.h te'-- ~a fr¢t .

40
 '.:.. . . :-.J. . . ~· J...:~1,:....... ..~ .. ;". ~"':'~. ~·.. . .. - '. ..
,a.J... .J;Jifnlnsach
.. .
t6t .pha'i>i'l,h'ii hqp' '.Vci t~rtJi· h1.np:· th.I!~,~~.
. • . . . ... ,.. • ... :i.::r..:! -.~·:. ~.: .:!z,_:o;!.:. ,~: .::::.·, •.. ·,:.:..:......
. ,:
'.
h~.-rt>r~litnff~~s~1:1Hi'u&d.$an'~~dn~.P
· ' ; • .. .,'·I .... :•,,''h·,:,-1.,.".. ·._,
..h'~r ~µjt.p.ri~t -i;~.,nbl!Ag.
: ...:: ",·~w~·/Ji._;•'j ('l 0:...i_1if.\~~1, ....."':l~,'\~·~·.: •. •.-·W '"~\\'.
1 _,

·van·· d~':naY''s#in:lr~ri'g":r@c.. tfY~. ~~~';\tfftJ~-:-g~ai<:quy~t .' .chmh

,rthung~van
~
.. . .' ·· ·
:~·e·f.cio{'ocri'it~f.ch7fA'h:".5Kcii
, ·: • ··' .. ,-::. ,'"';., J.+r.;o;.;
··~
·rncri .t;ian:;nanh:
'r~
..-..: . .:.:......"" -r
nJ:iilr~thier
.... ~ .~ :,:t:.:i.!. ~ .:µ~ t=.;J··~..,..~-A~

.PnaJ.•ph~tPli,gp~·'YJJl";~·It.g~g':?~eµ··~~i~.~:~ir.~·
. _,. h" ,' .;;,. ~-4 •. ,'41"'. ':i.,j:_:.·:. . ;_.;;,:"~·J::i ;•. ':~t~~:f
tfffi. <?~::!-~Ns:. ·re.:~T:.rRng
.~i.':i'".r.·h.N'~• ~ ... 1 : :i·~ '... _, • ..
g:µ"~nr.i~h . q_~:an:Jy.J~a' 'li91;':.N'.Jia
·.nrrp{;. _t~ff$.H$.~-~y~p, yJ,.c .7.d>;ing
1

sl~~:i;;~c· :d6h.:t~qd'gtth~o:;114~K&n~1:au#g;.1P..Gl.r<;!ng, phap nh~t

ditih,:;hrun::datt;Itidc: . fie81afilfifffir&il 1t.b6'r'.tu~dg.. auJn 1-y ciia
ti~~ P,Hg,c,,~ 17~~:-:Y.¥~;;;~~?·;gori1~cac:)q~·~fr~~~ ·~6.ii";t~i.,:~;~~~: '.~~ I}_9i
~r n~-~~g;~~-€~)§jf.,g~qn:~ 11n ;trQngJ~~~t ·:~9ri_ifldnh ·~<4 ':chf~r .tri.
~·a :h~r v~ m.oi.. tr.!ierng-;,:bq~::~~Y .,i;ndiig' cUJ.1g~;hJ'.io·ng'".xu yen: "<{~n
ctori~~'frnh;:6.ii.a1>a~c::~biet ~c~a -ctenu:ana::
"..,.<t-,~~::~.,-~ .r.~.:·c::;..,/~ : . .:;..~'!·1:.•r;;:.,~··:i.:1.•.t>:·";"'."' r.·· :·~·· ~-~ •
q·'ct'~r(Iy~·· tKd n~~f1il1t!il~
• · ··~ o ~·~·.;·. • • .~;: .. : • ..: , .. -.:~ 4
tl~~~i(g6f.~~ :a~#g~·:P.nV.~ ,t~p;i~>¢:as.'quaq lh~ixa-h9i'tr~ri'g "qtj:a
• R~•I : • • ,....
.N....~tJY.°~n
fri'.~1i:'i~fP:\~(.i¥.iti~f.f.~~~:-.:.••.1"
........ ' ••;'', ::
:•
. qlian }cia~: ·~e-r1·~nild-ng ·IJJ~r(~gi
·~·( . . . . ."",;. : . :..'.L•i;;..-:r:
1<:1.,.::j•''-l..•,. 1 A,'' • ' .... ·: '•, o '" 0 .. • •', .t, !•,' I •

tr?.~~)ji.(tgi :.~~ )<.~A~_c. :.}::#li: ~~J~'!-m. ;gi.~::~a~~:-~(}ng ¥;i_nfr"t.~ ~;~xa'

.h_~{f'r#.~~~~·P{;~ti.M~~~~E~;~~~11.~,-~ti·:~~J~c··'·~~n~ :~ittn ~n~~~\i·rtt~.
c~e:·•!ni9'.f'\7fti~Ii~he~~v~.'$:U .t# ~do.rig .'.cuaJ'rha iilrac.:~ftn' "mcif!fiiof ·

~;~t~ffi~W!~f:~W}~\~itl~~tiZ~~i~~t~!,
· J,<;;1:r9)i'$Hf:h.ie~1:co··;~r(a# Jh)~~?·:ygi.m.9·~.·~i~9,~_~ipliAhroii'g, .:Yl .the
N~~:~i1:4:tfcTphil··:4~~i 3
~hl~(~~9il~:~~\<l!~.~;~~~htJ1~.9,a¢: ·:q:!Jan
.-. . .,:.•~; · . ;;:~·"~., ~·..: .:. ,i [::_t':ft;i!'.'"s'~.~·;:\. .~•.::J.·. ."r;.;.y-."'i,.' · O:.:':·~~~".'.t_.~... :-:····~/. ·' ~.· ;... '
h~
.n.~ )'','•sin~ ':~P:~<:r'.Y~µ~,~.~g: '.Cl~~ )Y,.· )Y~H,p.n~;Y,~Y.i;·PJI~~n ~-sa-cl;, .ban··
h ~tih~.:pfr~i' pliif~ff@~v&l'~fh:lfeite'.ni'C!Fvtra di.l'pJrn~(ci.uac yeu du
. ......
:b t:i:c '.x,uc;·cua. a~i~:;;6n,·g',:~i'tr§h"·~&i:"kii~l~~f~ii;'.~ii~t ·~lnh. h·S~c
h9:n cM drrqc n1~~µg:.Y.~n;d~.ro~tk'~~4~i} v.Pi:mi:c til!.B· quari;' IJ .
• ·: • .,.~ •• • ~~. ··~ •./ ~
.. ·'· ·:~. • • • • '.!-~· ••. • • • :- .

:2.4. ,,qr.i(i;r}:i s~.¢~. ystphat€§:#~hJ~na.·. thtcao

.·. 9~tnJ.{.sa~h vfr~.,:i~;y<·¢.hL<;~rX=•ffl1~:rm¢s ·v.~~, 1~ nguy¢n
; ~.·: .. ·v·9:·ng,~oi'.ia::n11~n::da~,::vVthl#r.x~·~kha: i'b:i :ct1a. cfi:l~h"~a~h ii rn9t

.. 41··~·· -·.
 <; . ~
•'

Yeti c[u .het ~uc quan.tr.9ng·.d~··bli~'·rihli~g mot:J;g:mu6n·c6a· .

. Nha nuoc·vA:nhirLdAn 'tliiriii:j~ieri thtrci:~inli.~k'Iikti~ihf.cita,,m·cito ·., :~.:,
~

·chfan'~·c11:pliil·.trliq,~:. ~-;{ii:-~~£:~ti~.~*~~~ ph~~i'd1;~ti~ .v1?c.

xac djn'it dring ·clc: .ngµy~h:t$ln,J.am :~,uJt ·hi¢q:: v!ri dthihi~11 .·.: .
_~~.~-~- 4~~ ';4~~. 1Y~. &!l9i!.:.4\i'~~:J!iQ.J,~~i~~P~~b%µ:h'"th1f'.~·'liW~. :
Trong. thgc te.thti&ng::xuyen)cri~r4'1i~n: bay tltm --~ nhihlg·miiu
t~~~n c6 li~n qu:an d!'iJ· dqi: :s6ng xa ·h¢i. M:a~·tn~~ ·xu~Lni~n
co the 4o s\J'.v~n d~fog ..cua:nhilng.,:quy ·lu~i-nq.i tj;i mang .t!ph
kinh te, xa h¢i, _c6 tbi:do·•rtnitng Jae d!}ng ttr: phra bt?n ngoai. · ·
C6 hhiing rciil:tM:huin. nay sirih S.e.d:m;tc chuy~n·ho_i phu
hc;rp ':_~~·g:u:a_tFl~:h v~'1. 49.ng"m¢t'.Cach:khaph'qµan,.·nhurig~ring
co mau thuan t6n. tai .. trcrthanh va:t. can
. vi~c . . Men
.. . thuc . niudieu
..
phat trien dia toan' xa '.h¢L !)'~: giai. :quyet. ·nlli!ng ·rh~~: thu!n
nay, Nha mrcrc .phal sfr d_tJng nhhiu lo~I cong,c1,1:~ rra,rig:do .Ca
chfnh sacb. Vi tht k~i hi:m. ilanh chirih sach Nha:_ ~ntoc can
. Ph~n tich day dti qui tr1nh v~n. d¢ng~:cua ca(! yf!u. t6 cau _thbn
hi¢n tU'qng.kinh te,ia h¢i·d~:.xac djiifi.4ung:ri:grtyen nhAn,·din
d~n hi~n tuCJQ.g m-Oi c6 tli~ gi'ru .quyi:'( van if@'tn9t.cach:knoa
h9~. bong th~i d~ traiih cho:van .d~ phat sitih p.hiit ,trian va
chuy~n ho~ thanh vWi. d~ J.drac phil'c t~p. h(:tn Va cifog la· .tranh
ton ·kem ve. nb!n lgc, V~t ll!C chq. yi~C gi~i .quyet Vari _th! de . '~
j..,

chu th~ quan. lf phai ban·nanh chi,nh 'Saeli kip thoi •. Chu· d¢~g ......
' ~

. hi¢n nhtr vff.y

thvc ..
chac. ch~ti· 1~ cho vi¢c rri9c tieu dtf.. Iden
~

cua ~hfuh. sach tr(J.thanh. hiifa

. . . thi.rcc
; .. ..
2.s~ Chfnh"siich t6t plta.Hi~m bii.·o tinh hqp i:Y
Muon. cflinh· sach di v~o.'lfcrLsong•.xa:'h~i'.:d-dqc· ih~~n lqi
. thl ngoai obiing yewc~u.-.n.eutr6n, mV:c~tieu \;a.;bi~n~_ph~p ·cua
-chfnh 'sach con-phat-hi;rp:: ly~ ,:,rrm--nqp'{Ycua '~hlnfr s~ch-dn
• • , I '

42
43
 .. ' . ·· .. ''., ·;:.:·: •: ·.:'. '" .' :~· . . .·.:;/'
..
.....
·
·, .·
·-.>. ' ; ·,. ·:.1

,· . - --
cao d~ gina .ho_~c.~~dinh:m~c ti~u.··~~~*~-;~s~cp . ·~~a,~1~:d~pMt
v.ai :;..
- tri~n .chungv.'.gi~ nw~:;tf~u '.tlifn~' :$ci'ch v,61 :riguy~i{v_Qng;·Cl!a
·,...-d~i·d-a-s6.,tj~aQ·(ian,:·:v.a.fi~~ . l:)i~(;·:j~;giti:a~~gC:,ti~µ=Va:-bi~~/PITT1P
chinh ·:sach. N:~u~ ,ffi):ic 'fi~u chi'.ri'h s~ch ·ph·6:: hgp v& m~c-.ti~u
:~hung se cho:pI1ep .rut ngiri thai,gia~· ~eh vcri m\li::::t!~u quan
ly v~ tiet ki~m dtrqc :ch~ pht: c~c:·ngu~~.l,i.r~:trcing q~i tr1nh d-0.
Ngtrcri thtfc hr~n _mi;tc- tieu.'tbfnh saoh f~ nhan. d~n vr~the ntiu
ffi'J.C rieu chfnh sai::h.th6ng·nhat vai.·y Q.gUy~n- CUa nhan d.ail. Se
· thu hut _dugc dang:. dao :qu~h ·chung tltafu:,gi~·"~o-qua ttlnh
chfoh sach m¢t each tt,r giac, ;r~o n:en ·mgt .d¢.ng Igc m~nh d~
tht[c hi~n t6t nha'.'t:.cac m1;1c ·ti~u phat"tri~n,"S1;r° tharn .giaJl;l' gi~c
cua nhan dan vao qua trlnh chinh sach .65n gitlp cpo· vi¢c tlm
kiem cac bi~ri pha.p thqc thi m1;1c tieu chi'~h;sacb,:d~itrd6 cac
nha ho~ch ·d!nh chfnh· sach se h!a ·chQ.n dtrQ'C h~ th6ng bi~n ·
phap chfnh s?ch t6i ·1IU· rihat.:ca Iy lu~n·' va.'.tht!c.~tit!n: J:leu cha
thay bi~n· pMp ;mattg;'l~i hi:~u: ·gu.i :dto dunh. ~ach, th;.u(1ng
ma.tlg ·ririh..cr:i che'.cao v1 n6 ta.c'agrig .d!~ . cac d6i iti'qng.thJ!c
thi chfnh sach theo q~y.lu~r. ~o:r.a rihi!ng·)Cu th.e~~P .d(lng c6
st!c c~6n '.hut cac yeu ·to vao· ql.i~: trlnh·x~ dq.ng phat· tri~n
kinh te.: xa.hQL ....
• I.

.· T6in-lq.i,·nhiin.g,yeu:c~~ tr!n.aa;Y-:ttt,rgc coi' la nhilµg·tieu

de .
chu~n ,4anh _gi~: v~·:rn9t cn°iiih ~ch:~~m.. t6r·hay kho~g. co
Can "cit vao nhrfog yau.:.c~h··d6,, ~'ac 11~r.a quan lfse tlm ·ki€m
dtrqc ·mvc· tieu va giili .ph~p:'.tot trong 'qu;.Ffrinh' fio~ch' d!~h
ch!nh sach, ·dOng· thoi cung danh ghi' dti'gc_ rriuc di} hoan· thi~n
cua'.ffigr ·cpinh Sach·khl dU:gC ban·.hanh. ' ·
·,.

44
 .:waDNa eA.N :co:·ri:s··.HQAcH:·DrNH. ·-rYKfT~cHJNH
Y"· . "· · j ;f*R~ .:~~;-_<:~ ·;;~~-~~·~::,~:~J.~:.;~·;)i~·:,~;~:~~;~,,.:~:::~~:.~~:i.::~~ -~,. /.·:,._. ·: . .
,:... ,;:;<· \3.1-~ Ga'n c,t! ·vad i:1iiin ~.Ir.irang~~l:l'tJih:ifr! ..cii.~ (d~ri~, .~am
:i'~.uferi~1.:·. :;: ,. ;,.j::: .~·.,~. ?~:-:· .:~._);'.! ·/!:-,. ,!· ;;;..;.,' .
.. ,(:\":•' ,•:4~· .. t ... i .. '•~ ··..';b:i', ._,• ~.:;
.:· . .... "Diiof'=sir"Ia'frii ·aao .:cua' din~· cam "quyen,1r.,',:..:;•'
·' 1 1 • ..... ;,•1o• • ·, t ,,., •

.;~.r•"·."' •,t·~;•;"'!]tt.;· ;;1,•::".·-:-..,1~·.,;

de Nha nu6'c
~••/i:::·~ ''1) l-' ~ • • ~':"'·· .'~".i-·;! • :-•·..:"~·i1 "\ ••.f,••, ',:,'•
,'"i:f~a~J9: .~ilf·J:l$W'J;ih~r't~i~.1;dh.e~ :r:n iJ-6 !:i~u :ciinh· hu.ang. Q.~erng ,16i
''.:·:phli:',t~i4·ri\:dificl.Fcu'ii~~1iid';(ia.
,.,,. . ··- .·"' .. •. . ,. - ·r. .... •..••. '.o
·:ali1-P'~tl
. ..
·et~!Nlia- 1·hu<ih' Je t~ '..c~c
. ...,. ' • . . • ~

: l" fu:uti$'..ecl-}it:h '"t~3.-C1.'ffih'!frf; -~~ri~hdii .. xa hti:it8fi d'-aai 'hiin wa

.. ..... . ". • . ... •..... ~' ;.11 . .. .... t' . . .. ' ~ .. . .~ . .~
/: ng~n~h&tif\Ni~d: hgil'i<l{fih 'h tf&ii;;I 1ca£ ltfbi'kf l~{nhfinc .a ia clio
;ti~1A~i'1&dh:&:rv~·~\ia.t~b;~a.;,a-&t::~5fi¥:1he~\Uili:~ltu
. .••• • .. .•. Cl·,.. " ·" . .• . • • . . . . . .. . .
x[;h61
.•
nil~:fhu ~

::·'7·~h~fl:"ti!:~'.;lq~p _;~u~g~~,~·cil'~:'.#\9.t"~gu'oc\:ghi'; ·~rn.y.'.4ifn.g ·!119t

··:· n~n-~1~1nhl~~~ frj:·:thifo;•:mp.t:.:x[,_:hoHc'ong: \nghi~p'· v.v~~: BLdat
:;_:.:;1;&irg~';hl;).un'g'fii~e:·;i~£i~~:~~:·Nh~:ci~6~~ph:~i:~·~:dl}ng:dc:~.Q~·g
~ r: ·.~~-yl~~;Rua~J.if4:~<l1~ti.-I,i~hh.:ca# 4.oi:.'.tti~ng .v~n·:·d9~g'theo. ctfnh
huq~9~~-f;P~q~g{1i~Nr: loa,n i:~n_g ~.i::g.i:[q~~ii .: l)/~Jhµqn;~ ;/~Li.it,~, .:.thl
c!J:frili ·s~i:Q. to ·ra la cqrig c~ daclgc.'rtbat ciia ca'c Nba mroc, vl
. th'e'.mif4·~··tr~-1{~'fi.:tnh.siiqii.·~u;~g l~~m~q:''.ti~~'.fqu~h:;·lf\Nhtt nuoc

'.f: ',',!,~~~~~-t:i;~~,~~~~~~~~~~i:~!!!.~;:~:
·:w.: · ;...;_ •.. Q. nrxq~~t~:.~?:~~~~i::l~~~ ;qit;o·:n~a~ ~un. h?'~~-t·~·~.nh .c~~c
-~1 . . ,c.~~~£m~~&.i;~~H-:t~9~.i.:.4i!~('r:hµ;,;ffe.Cl.~~ ;G9n$:~~~n5V;,!rt_t .N~m . u':p
.-~~- ;...;t\l.C: l.l:l]'!,n~.f#.Q;i:g.l}~.,~:Q,~f.li l~·f'#t.,£:};;~9~~IDR-.~¥,)%.f+\!J9.:1.;P~}l; n~h ta
a · 'Yqi mi:r.c-:tieu ·xa:y .ctiin°·;moL:Xa.hofodan:.O'fau: ·ntro.c,manh.·xi:i
. ··~ ·:·b~l: .,·26:~~::~~:$~.~::J:~~-~h'~~-;::;\i~t~i~h:~;·ii{~:··~~{;y~i ·~~~h)~~~~g
· . ~~:;: .. ,c;:hfoli:-:.trii4-o,:.f)iiQ-g::t:a.chi~:n·:uoQ:g,J}tr.lg P.lf.~c.'ph~tf1r}e.n !5-m~1 te -
~-- ~,~ )i9} ~~.:~~a'o.~i·~~p~' ~;?: ~h~~ :i1JJ~:trl!n~::·kern :Ph~i tri~n., M
J.f .. . .· . . .
·.'.':·:[g· ·xi§·'cnMfy m~t . nit&,c·~on;g.righi.~pih~o.,h~r(fagon:.d·}nfy,.h!~u qua
4;

')~!
r.,.:J'•
 ;~

ngoai nti'ac~ chirih ·sliph pMt tiil~ .,giao·' d¥c ·va Ma' i~ m6l~T:
·thiong v.v..;M~c:!i~u ·c:u,r e:ie: clirrih·sadl. ·aeu.iiii&ng :v!o'T61lt:';:.... · .,
diy cac holJ.t d¢ng kin:&' 'ts ;. xa· :Mi ·theo httang t?.ng: fru(mg: •· ..
.'kinh .te cao, dam bao tl~n b~•. cbng::birtg· ia. h9i, bao v~ vii c~i · :
thJ~~ moi rnrang;. Ch!n.h sich kin!i·.r{tihii!.u ~hfu.ih. ·ph~n vtra
·huy d¢ng dtrqc c~fo ngu6n. lgc.tho' phifr tri~nkirih i! adi ben. '
· tro~g v~ hen ~gd~i . d!t nu6c;'vll'a·.t~o· ra..tfo~ than::hCJP tac; piln · ·; ·
chu, bln:h. d&1'g~ gfua cac· .t~ng"ldp. tt:on:g xa :h¢i, giup cho vi~c ·'· ,
quan ly sir d1:1ni cac nguon tai nguyen...hqp ly, tier.:ki~_m; :Cii~u· .:
qua. T11ong,tJ! nh1n1,y cac. chinh s'.athicua:Nba mr6'c d1fa'tl11qc . ·
ban hanh tren ca '
serdrran•ll't:> lei ·phiit ·trii!n:Ci:ra
' '
Eiana;va
Cl
la!• di.roe'"
•
.;.
dung d~ thl;{c hi~n tfr.ng -buotm~ci . tieu tl:ieo·.dtrerng:Ioi a.y. ·
. 3.2. Can c:U: ·viio q:udn· dl~fu. phat ·fri~n cila clifr the
Dttong loi phattri~n cu.am.Qt ched~"x~·b'.¢i-.der.ctihicam
quy~n Iva: cli9n: la .On'iinh, latl' d~i/Tiilli :e;Ii dirih ciia diicrng
I6i Se t(JO ra SI[ thong ,nqat frmrn. qua trfoJi.;v~h hanh xa hQi
rheo quy Iu~t; h~n ch~:hci~c. ~o~i bO ch:rqc nhµilg· bien- co phat
sinh .triH quy lu~tlarn ·t6tl'.}l~.,den~dei:.songnh~n 4~. giup c.ho
?\a hqi ·C6. nhil'ilg• bUctC ~j'\illng,~htc:fren COn dtrbn~ ·phat tri~n. "·
Qua trlnh di d~n·:m~_q tie_u ::ph~t :i:rt~n·ch1~n:g:tne9 dtt~n;gJ~t cua
dang c:!m quy~n c~n phai ·co thcri gia:ri au·.o-a di:; ytirto'kinh
·1 . . v

. te~ xa h()i ton t~i v~n·d.r;tri.g·:it:rthiri cteri cao; ti'.r chua bcia~ thi~n 1
den ho;m.thi~n· thee yeu d.u- xa: h9L Thot;gJan-de\1anr thay' doi
tr~n·g thai xa h¢i tii nitre d(i nay saiig mJ!c d¢ ·khifc rhtib'ng ·mat
.1
-------- --=-----
'....:-1.;
-~-"------~---- ~--~-------~--· -~-~- ~

46 ;;•;l·
:"!-•:
..·......
,
 ..kho~ng 1.0 - ·i~ nam, .d6. Ia khoimg rhoi :gian d~ de yeu. t6 ti ch
w: ve: luqng t~ong qu~ trlnh v:~n ,4gng .du d~ thay doi duqc ve
c;ha~ •.Cung ydl. $.g~v~n·dqag ph8.t~ttien cua cac to hlnh te - yeu
:... xfh~.i~ ~h~ thuc :~ua. c~c tang lap nhan dan ti:ong x~ ·hQi
.cf~ng k.h6ng .ngUng./J:µqc x1~~g~i;:aei;;.vl 1hc,mii:m1Jc.:tie~·va:bi¢n
pha.p.qqim :lf P.~t.:tri~,µ
. '« .• ......... :-.·.......
. do,G~4.f~~~f1~,;xv,8n~;:.i;1:g~y. cang µay
,·~··.·. 1tf .. .~ti··· ..~·· .... ~ .- .} ..... - 1 't .....

.· ..• :a4~·hoah'ttii~n:·:tiriJi·tq~~:q;1~n,.hgp,qJty lµat.:Ji:!j;thJ!c.giai

t,.. ••..~:.. ,. 'I ..•• ,•.,, ;',·"t''· St·.;!.:~·!.".,:!·~/. . .;J.1 ... •,' - !•)L-" ' .. .
cap
~: ··'.d~Ji:~~ft~·.v~'.~ni(Pt~iA~~~on~},h~. .<l§f.¥Ci~. iii~fo:b~~µ,·tron;g :tt~vc te
.'. :. · ·h1~tf' i~F'vli .t4'Cini,.'1aF dJ:rii·&::1a:- quan cii~m;.;pJt~Y~~.i-~!l;-ciia:ch ii
. tM. Quan .di~ra.ph~t, tr:i~n co the.:thiiY gil:ra· cac ~ha~ ky '.tuy dot
' ;·~: · .theP,,:nh;ii i:th~c ~:Cfu~:.ngiroi':i~n~':'~*b';:·xr!)ng'i<hf~<l.i£~~g .~gi. phac .
; · · 'trie1hin1'. :c;ri.~µ7.11, .£t:tfi~y;a61~11hJ.)igy ;·:{;i~d\Ji'i:>.~~~\h~ii/~J:irnh
:;ar;n:'.pP:at tfi~ri:~~uaJ~il?i"n~q~':s~ob~ 'i~~g:'~di~t~f ng9~i :.vi9c
, ~an .cu va6 '4ufing: 16Fchi~·h trl" c'i~i:i.· pliM :a'ga. ,:·,,~.o' quail '<l'i~m
:"' .. 'ph~t:tri~n cu~.$1~qg.m:mg thai ky,do:
~;· ~
,,,... ·:.. •.H ·ir: ';/{'.;)f!.\r . .<'" ....
:. : ..,.~ . ', '.:3t3.:Cari dr·:vao nguyeri tac ho~ch d!nh .,chfnh ~~i::h
:I!:: :· ..:_,·,·;~;u;~ri t5.c hq~G~ 4Jdh.;chfilh.:,.,~~~~ .r~· nhUn~hiu.f d~nh
.. r~~.. tfalt ptigc. rpa ·~C:~c ri~t hB~~h~:.~:W~: R~~Uw1~il;.:~~tio.' :,ttp~g ,,~ua
. ~:,·\~ .:. ' . ••.•. . ;"-!·"'·:.. ...
... . • ~ •.·-.-;:'..·~.'·· ... :·, !'.;::! .. ":'t':.. ~ ..j •• ;.- ;':\- •• : { ... ; .. , •

:lr.1ttl:l'.lii;m 9h..inh
:...~.1 . . •.. ·-,·~.~ ....-.~··,r·:· .: ·:-:.·~ ... ..,,Y Ui~f.:tof''ff'..nrroifa
.· .. sach;···ru,:'· .·.~··:,~ . . ·t·~i·~·:·-·1 .. ·~~·:.. t;/. ch'lrin'hii~Va::cac
=.:. .. ·'1. ~~ .. .:·... 4

, <.4.i~u:·ki~l1 !cinh· te',: . v*rciioa x~ 'h¢i ·cu.a.:·mot,qgos;:gif:M )va

•••• :·

.:.~~~9.~,'.~~/~.~~g·_;ljlgi.Jy~n ":r~c:tl~fc~. h<;rp, .son~: co'\W,~( ~6,;{ig~Yen

:ta¢:.q!J'.gi:;~:gr~Ie~cqti:_6¢ gia: thJ!c· hi~i:i Ia:
,...... :~·~·· ~ ... --: '/~. ·. '...~-~~ ..,.,:,:,·l . .. .. .
·.N~!,i-Y~i:t,:t~c:;¥kfoi Jch cong.c9ng)~ nguyen, t~c hang dau
.
vl
cW ql-(1,cdl:i:tnh ~ash, nti' xuat phat .f~ d~c tnrn.g CCf ban d:a
chfn~~:?.9.h.:~·~µ~t(,9,~h.11'.<:t11gj. '. .. . . . '. ' !. ,,

;N,g~):~p}~-~':,~~;th.9ttg:· Th~\?;Bguy~~i~f..·n~y:·mai ~~am bao

·G.ho ·~i.i'c'.d~u: bl4n:::P:riip.cuc(chfrih)ach. d'i.(qG'phat;:·huy-. vl n6
 k~op:g.gay ra mah· thu~fai~?#g::Jl~ thoni.:.. : · . ·; ·~·t:· ·,
Ngi!yen: :r~~,N~n'Jfrifed)laa~ ·Ii.a<» ~h~o .chrtjff.:sitdfi dug'cF· :.
·-.. ·- ·ban -hJt·nfr~pli~-~~W.-·~gi/¢~q;~i~~1¢i~_n· :h~~ii':'c'&.'i{im::;cfic;: chin~ ...
·-· ·sacff c·oTtiinilifrlii .ca.o· va::--<la.m: ·bao ',ctU"gc:·ttnh·ke clitla~ H!Ii
:t9c trong. hf.tli9.ng. · . .. ·,
..Nguyen':.tac::quyet,:d!fih da '$.9{·B~.:.d~m bao_,rktig~ cbfoh •
sach · d'uqc' 1~m che>:rnQ.1'°.nguql ..v'a dt'i'.~c:· .x·~y dlJ'ni..b&i n'tif~u •. .·. \,.

nguoi. Theo. nguyt!n i'iic rtay co 'rh~··.mirih.. ho~ SC! !16 'ho~~h"
d inh "chinh·sac11:nnti' hlnh.2;1 sau day~;.•. ·
. . ~

- Cac to ch&c
xa;h9i·
- ciic·nh~ t'·.
: r.
khoa·noc · vAN•.sAN
- .Chinh<:q\Jyen . fi~A.P·OUY 1.
caccap.
- cc:rciuan
•. l.
.i
truyen thOng· : ·.• '.~
- Dan cti.t'.!iig •••

_.. 'f"· ·.·

Hinh :i.t. s~ do· ho~i:h·dinh~hfnh~a~h'tffili'~.th~c:>'(la.so.

.. , • . . .... . • . •. • • ""• ... "/. • , ·, •' . ~ I

3.4. Cancuv:aon~ng'!:~ri·H·..o;~t€..cua'cH"fi.tuqng.tnt;re "-~'[

· thi chfrth.sach · · · · ,..,, '. · · : · '

. Tfoh. kha thi cua chf:nh -S:foh tuy;thl.\QC, rat Jan i,;ao ·vi~<;:
thuc hi~nd.ia.cac doi"-tu-qng ... tMm.chf4ay.dm.1a·yeuToma~ng · "
. :t.inh-.qu:ycrt- d!°nh.-J.fo1~-nh;rng:C:hJ!i:r tlr~ '.ell.inn sa~n'ua(t gom c~c--
t;lng Mp nhlln clan tron~ Xii hQi c6: t!i~g nguy~n Y'gng pi:fat · ·l·
·~ ~·~~···
48 '•,
'··1·
'•
' .
 irieQ:·~n'.rnlJ. c t.L~u ·cn.ii~g, :rrd.ri'g~~o:B~o .gaffi,,:~~. ~g:~q,~ J~.Y.~~ii£!~,g·
• . t•"• • '"' "'I "•,;to·;.~ ''I"'•
,_,,·.i;:~,..~·('i. ,.,._l,".'"'-,'I•,•;'•~ ••.t•t1••• •\.;..)~•• "t• \•''A'

·for if'dfr·:6ri;~:;.2tiffiil'.?~~dt\:t(f:['q'U'-t·ib.':~c:111~'fi'.:'.cntiih: 'sach cua :s~c

·,ti6i:tii~\\gl'tl11~~:(iill:h~9i1~t~~~?#iif~~':,!f~1~J~2tf~,·-,~~~-:e~!~:·~ 6
trirc tiep · q uarr1Yr&il~;:·rih'~~1a ~tflnni'.uo"tdliuyen:" . ·:n&Yiiep vu
~·\~,l;J :·.:···;~~~· "·!··~ ~·: .~:1<· . ._,~;;11~;',1"~.:·.J'.~{~~·"'
1
./. ,,.. ·· ...,- .. :: .• · '*i .• 1 , ..
.~~a!fi:~~,c,191; \~J.t,Q'IJ.g~;;_'Neu:·~.01-:·:t~qng.1~~~c:.tli1~~nmh,~-sacli ·s::o .tnnh
do ,~hti:y~n. . :m6.n.~ca~;;;h~. ·se~;:n:hai1 :111uciktfra~:.~o:.i}}~tl:u~'.fri#':H~u
1. ·~tir~h ·~~~1r·:~k '.·~~ ·g_fit ·t~~~ O:~~- £>6~g ·~lioi :h9~~k11atig~:ri11trrig
c6 ·'kbi. n.an.g: ~4t(A~~$ ;~~.~~.. :.~.~~I\:(;q~c,.;Pf~Il. ::Ph4P::i:q.a .chinh
·s~rcn,·'iii~'-~bi?:S~Ji'fi~o '~tfffi- i<i1m .cic.~bie':t;fJ,hap.;tfch:.c.u:c, ·.hie.u
qtl~,i~&n,."'i~'·hg~~,N~\.sift~ ;6h~Yifrih:':icili'i~lif~;,,~hr~h:;~;a~h
1
(
1
giarn .sµt hpa.,ckhang thg~ h1~n.d!Igc. ·Ntu.r v.~y, kh.i hp~ch_dinh
·i . r.~9.hi~·~¢11. ;~q.ii::.~J:Li:;9.~~;dif·ih1l~t'.::tirt~t:¥.h.ai-&ih. :.d;c. ¥i<J_~.tr}aj1._q9·
¢µ~"- c.~)·J§.L~ttgµg
• •
:ln!id<~i-LL::4~
........ ,,. t..•~, ....... !1.....
•. . •• . . .
~#c
..
l~!nh•• . m~li
. • .
·~.;~:µ·,_. •oi'~H ·I>h'ap ~~· ~;. .!'I~- ..•

·~~RJ,¥,9t}.;:~.9P· :;Q~;:i~~-:r!flli,~I:lfoW:~~P. .~ua·1::~1n.J1·:·s~cl1 :~6i. §~c

'•" • .... • "'., 'ii< ,4 ,~. , , • 1 ·. •• ; , < ', 1.' • ... I , "• , •, ~ ' "' :... . ' .... f , ,.. l,~•1 • -, '•.•',•

.4~1.;~~µ~g:;:t.~¥~)!i~n.:'t,r,:~!1¢4'liebph~}}:l~rcJ.fo1:·'Iit~~;· ~;eu, ".\.li~n

···~:11ti?ili~~~i!~~~~;~lr~:
. tr9~g. ci!a N,h.~:nii6c':d<hiua1( lf.phat trifo i.~·h9.i. M6i con·gt'.cl} ·
di :•.,,
nh_frr;.g. tinh .na.ng"t~c .d1;1.r.-g gl').at. 1:-4.!P.h .....~P-l}g.cMng d~i phoi
... , ·:::·· ...... ·. "'.'·' . · .... ............... "
::.;.,~~ ·l".,:v..-.~t·:.··f'·:.· ~. ~ ~1·_
hqp;~'gb µ:g; ¢~9 . nl:t;ui c'.l)tig:~i?h'At;ht,\y)~i; 4;u,n,g'.d.9i .yqi .ca9 ·qJla
1r~~~-~P~.~t:~~~{~~~#2.: rf;'.f~~,:e$!i~;t:i~?i h~J.~9.f;~:.co.n~. P-~ ~q.u,~~
ly- .n}Ja~n.froc rhr:diinh. s;;.cb.~:v.a:pnap-:luat~.co. rn0:1;-g1Jl;l.n J1e. kha
-~~~i)l~t:'~s~*:~k::~~;~~~:;.~,?j~%~,~€.r~?.~~:i~~r.~~·~~;~~· ·ph~u
l ph~r,tfl~ri~~~·birrh..;sfo;~h: ~ac ·~¢.~:g- .i;l~.~:;e-~~. q1;1:a.n .htiJ:a Ji.91., trt[o·c
vf t<iah''.4i~d b:bi{~o~:~~{Jilir::.phip~ :cW.tjl.f:~~~~ i~. cO"ng_ cit· rM
I .·.......· ,._ . ;..... .... .,;.,· . .
hie'n:, ''fhir. a6 th1ttli\.fri·cta'
~;
,d:K.rt!i
·~/
.carn::,quyep ·di:diin '.dat de

·.~ ...J!DCSC 49
J
~;;}~~~~i~:~tih~~~MlWjh.~:i~~r:~~:.,
Qii.an.:h~'
11ay . .... .d~g(f ~.i~ir lill{t~f:::-cti~µ .J)ti~n ph~p
n3:rti:;19.9.2·
ci'.ta NU'6c c9~g)10A:·x~~li~tcb~'.nghla;Y1~f~N~pl; ;:; .
. ., ··.. .
,, ..: . . ,,.·. . ~ • •4,,.," ·.• :·. .., ........, .. · ' ·..i-.' - ' !. ·: .... k''
·.· ,_.~a.nuetc1.thll'G·;lh~n··e<h1:M~·sach,.,~t>mh'"~ang;. doan, ~t,
i

tuang· trg giila cac dail J{iot nghi'em:. Gliril.:m9f hAnh vii~· th!,
.ehia~re: dan
.. ·tOc. .•

- Nha mro1fth11c.hi~n :th"M~·:sach pfiafJrMri vfn;itji.:m~t.

ttrng :buac n~ngA~ao ·dufs\5ng: y~fcn~t', :fin,ltfh~ cua 4~ng."pa:o
dan·t¢c thi~u:.s6". ·
·, "'.. . . . .. ..: . ~ ·:r.· . ;:· .. •· .
Ho~c .t~Ldieu l5~. ~·ptu6t: .Cqng;.h:qa·Xa:M'i.cb.u nghia
Vi¢t Nam :thvc ht~n.' c!finb s«ieh:)o~"bt~h/Iitnr nglii,--mti·rc;;ng
giao luu vlLhQp tfrc·torv6itarc~ ~cmi'dc.tren thegi~i,Jili6ng
phan bi~t che ·ti¢ ;chfnh ttf, x;[ ·h¢i .kh~c ··riliau 'tftn. ca··so t6rl
. . ' " ~ . . . . ..,· ..,
·, ' '

trQng d9c l~p•. chu· quyen va toan ··yt;:n Ian11. ·rho cua nhau,
khong can thi~p vao cong vl~c:· n¢fbc}: cua'rt}.iau, blnh d~ng va
cfo ben deu c61gi".'Tren cct sb"~tieu 15 cix'a Hien,pMp nam
1992, Nha m:rcrc ta ban hanh ;han·g: loq.t ~:ic.;d~p .ht~t.va :d~u tu
nuoc . ngoai, ve thuon~;·m~.iva cac·tih~pJ~n~·v~iuai; nh~p
d.nh...
Khl cac d~o lu~t;dltitc ·ban ·'harih :Vl.:c.ti: :iiao dol: ~6ng se
gillp cha cac:quan h~ xi ii¢t.dien ra c6 tr~tp! ilieo-c:linh· htio11g
t-h6ng rih~t v6fc:k'cli'inh:.sach ni~n ~lia~ll: .cv. ~b~.nh~·'q~.a. 'trJnh
th;rs- t:hi phap lu~t :giiip:cho cafr cr-o'i tugdg:co y th:lfc ch·a:p .hanh
cac .quy djnh Chung> vtthi.ma ·h9 cijng s~·neu 'cao 't-inh tll~n
cMp hanh. ~hfnh sach:.m¢i' C;ach 'utgi~t. Dleu 27 c~·~i Hi~n
phap nam 1992 quy dirih: "M9l ho'!-t"d¢ng:kinh te~·:~a. h9.i ya
qu}iI1 !Y 11hl .mrcrc P-hiii ihf!c~ hanh ~chfnh sach ti~t ki~m II. _J

50
 ··1~$1 N&uyen)y t·ren .day ch?. thay ilnh tr~ng phip lu~t cua m9t
<-~· quO.c gi~ c6 anh hifang nh~ the.nao den ~;~c~ d!nh va '.hi.re: th~.
. ~, cl.i~n,b::sach. Tinlnr~n·g _phap l~a,.t dug,~ hteu.lath;rc tJ~n3 ve so
11? )trqng ¥a chaquqqg c'ua h~ rh\:'fr~~ phii?.1~4t hi*~'. ~?...79..;~~~]_eU
:~w. .c~i.I p~~t ~r.i~n:;ita,; 1:19i:Yf!'Y, "thi!oe·~~nap :.lian1i··p.ha:P . 1~~.~t ';F~.'.1191
~~:·: 9?·~:~~~~:~~; Ji?µs1tih.·&~~h .pl!t~:\u~~?~~R:;·§flS..~~-~:~~~\19.n~ tat·
·1g~·, · ~r1~ ~1LJt,J~.~~- .c~~:;~~~Jnh:sa£.li':q~ -~h~;.~:9"~~~ ~~--~.a.g::J?f!!/-l£,'.~.~i :h~
.l·: ,.~~oggJ?.i~q..:·ph#.p~._JJ9,*c;:ch1 :e~~ h<S~~h·~\nn_·~B~~Rg :Rt~~.!'.Bpap
:,;~:.-...;·m:em
'.~· . '
"C!eb. ·fi1ili-1ig:.cl1rrihZ." . s'adr
·i ,i;".1 ·:1·.··t•,.1.,"· '..
va.ri
'
c:O' lin!l.;kh if'thi ·cao~·;Nh tr.· vay,
··:·- •. ·• ., . " ••• : ·•·.•. ,,,,· ,, •.:_
.:•t...':· ... ~· ·.~ ·~:..;~·-'"

.. ?{.' "d ~~~.Y;~!:> :&~O: .~·!X~·rj:ay., ~e:Jga~cMri ril~pti~u; 'Y~:bJ~#- p.ij~p_.¢f!fnh

'::i ~:,: s~?~:::e~~.5~.~~§:,~gp<~i~u':;'~uf,:. .v: .". .. ,,,;_;'., :,.·;,;,. "" .. "". /
'.it;·_..·. .· :·3~9.• ,Cari/cU:':;~o Iri'6i :tr<!!.a~g·· ton t~ ctia chlnh · sach
•<r:
. .ton. g '. · "..... · : .....{.,~·O: ·
.~.·. ~~.>· · ..' .... ; ... · :. ·
·' :. •

.~; ~: . h: ..:;,S~U
.... Co:;•' . "h···-
. ~~·~::~~if~~ ~~tnh f:hfnh Sach Se:, dj:,y~4.:dq~,:.:~?-~~"i:Ya
"• ........·., .• . . - .. .. ,,.. .. ·.. .,:• .........
~~· ·~ 1

·:-: ~: . ·P. }J · .,~Y;{,~agi~?N.~g,}..rJlp~ . ~~urig. lin~ ·rv~:;}~!.f .'fl~~·: d..~!t£· lihF.µa

; ~ •.. . µ}Q,i'(!h~µh _sacl~ ·,~or.(pi ~1;fr,p.h'Ql;k(ia:1~.a; oo,i'jrie~·.tr.trqz:ig ·ro.a..~6
.• i ·,~.'
1
r6.~~: .tat·
'~•":•·:·
..
Tr~~n·i::rti6L:\iu6<i;~g1~;
,.·;_.:..t.:..'
:'":.<t,·~~ '!!~:-;.\ ........
~~c:1:cit1t~11 ·s:~cff 'fi1i.ai :.:c3n .i~Y¥.ai
ti:-·:~., r.',, ' . , ···:·; •.,,1- ....:{~ii'. .. '.':.,..,:.; ..· • \:•1:,;"./~1·!:.:

· :~ ·"'~):... _;-m~r ' fri!ong phong'.P.hu, .}fa :;da·ng,:.oaa 'g6hi ·mo! irt!aiii' fin11·ie-,
..r,':~~:-: ..... ~it;:"~·.·:':'· ··,.. :r.~ .. ~·-: . . . ~ ·· ····. · · ... · ·~ · .•.: .. ·~ . .· , . . ·~•.:. -\. ..•;.:• ...... ~.....:·r:: . r;~r ·~·~.•.:;1i·..
'.~ ~- ...cfiJnh 11'!, yji:n::h9a, .x~.JJ.oi:::Att,aihteriii
·:.:. ·· ., . .......:1... ·"1··-... .. :; ... ..... ·r.;·_......
,;~ ~; ~ • ·:·· ~r~· ... ·" . . ·:.
q'u'Pc:·te: .,:
~.:·,;,·
v:v;.:'.cac~.moi
....:. -: ..·."/ ...,.
·~-." .. ~:··\·· ~··

":l ~: .tJ:~~~t.J~Y.)ffr J~~~~;~:~9~~ ~~pn:~ :.~~J.1 .riJiali rt.o~&:·~uhf rh:q.:~.5'

i J: "P~~t.t; ,~'fJ~~;~~f:n~ihi~~n:xert.~~~o~.nH~~;··!~c ;il9*.g ffiU:c. c~ff:4·~ff:Sv
·:·! ~- '.~on '-~~'ff¢~~:~·9gp,bJ . ~~G.tt~:iYf dtj;';.nliu>rro,iig··:Jfia;:.:tf;!f;1~g~·%(;~~i
·; y·. tanh:m~P.t(.c~)~~~ .~¢.,rl~·n .irr :c~q•• ~bi -.'so~gJ~~~ :~~ :i~t~::'.f~p
.- :! "f
: Ol• • • ~:..·' r • \• t ,·"4• ,: ., i· ~ I ,;.,): ~· •

·qua,n .$,nlf~D.J.lg ~~JA-P,i}nh._.f.'.r:uyen'·~q9h,ifdilh·f¢.c .t!J,C!µg.J1.h;:(t ·va

..• . • " • '. : ... .,._.•:'I'._. •.., " "" i ··~'

,: ·~ 1: :~.t~~et1~~~~·y~t~;::.~~~~i't~;;;~~~~~~ ~~
~ t{ . .
~li
·~l ·~.l"t
~:~
. ·.::.~::.:
~~
 -.. '

...'

riP. :rhl ·c@nh ~s!2ii i~i,-~h~f:.~~~g ·1r~ii ·~lfa,.v.~~··~a· qµ~~ ·~l m6~· ·:
c6 rhl r6n tiµ J!ong. ti&'~· ·s6~g ..xa>h9i{E>!nh)1u~iig:'(;nB. chi'nh l
·..S..lch :d.of !1go~~cuac NliiE;ii:tr&~£~t:r.0tig:~m~i::.frtiariiFh9f ·rlh~p · 1 •• 1.

quoc te hi?n nay·ia: 0 Tht,r r-H~n ~h'a't quin ~hron·g~ iqi: doi n:gQl].i \
~9c l~p tl! 'chu~ r¢ng ·mb,. da phuprtg .IJoa;: d~ ·d~ng.-.lioa: cac · J· · ·""
q.uan h~ quoc 1€ ·.va •ichu dqng "hgi :~ii~.P klnh ~e.qu6i::·~te vti :
11

· kh'u vij.c theo tirih th~n phat'huy toi da ~Qi I\l'c, rlAtlg' cao hi¢u · ·
. . .. ! . ' •

qua,hgp tac qu6c te, bao 'dam dgc l~p·t1i chii va tllnh ht.ran~·· .
. ~H!;~. ~ao v~ lgi ich d·an :t~c, gill vii'ng an ninh qu,oc; gfa, giii ·.
gln ban siic van hoa .dan t¢c •. biio vt; moi mrong". (Van ki¢n. ·~
D*i h¢i ·Dang IX,.trang.42 ~.43).Trongdi~µ ki~n. hf~ilmiy·~ac··j.
qu6c gia :d~ti ,\lo:J'!c. pha'n d.!u ch~ rrt~hruang qitO'c ie .hoa ·.:~:
blnh; hiiu ngh! de. on i:lirih :Ph:ai: Jrian :neh:·kirth te~ ia ·hi;ii cJia
mlnh. Moi):iu·an h~ ph,~t tr.i~n,J~.~ng di~l{ki~ir.h~i ·nh~p 1i'i¢n. ,;
nay d~n x.en:theo ki~u "tt.o~g anh.c6:t~f:va.trorig t6i c6.anh''. i.
Neu tnoi trucrrtg quoc rithti~Jqi se t·~Gcho de q_uac·gja co :~:
nhi~u·ca h9i:piJ.iit ·tri~n. cop khC!ng hQ lµon phai du~. .tr1 chfoh· ~'
sach phong· d1u .nguy ccfv~ clc>rtr~t; l4m. ·ch~m · ciI .:Hen trfah
phat tri6n. ·Vi th~ caC' ,rih~:,. ho:~c~ dinh durth s~ch ~haf can cu ~
vao moi frueing t6n t~i tro~g tlil}c te·v~rtudng: laid~ x.a:j d\fng: '.
nhiing chfilh sach p~u .hQp t~ong·tung ·giai do~n plia't ·tri~n. '·
•
Nhiing can cil- f.re~ da.y ctligc c.oi la CO' sf:J khoa.. :h9c. ~te '.
I•
....~
N[la nmk nghien cuu\an h~nh chihh sach trong ti!ng gi<l;i · :[ -
do~n. . ··· · .. · . · ' ., · · .. · ··
· .. '

4. NHUNG YEU TO. ANH HIJONGDE}(HOAC:H DINH -~ '

t'HiNHS'AC:H . . . .· . .,..
·\

:t-
.
Khi tiert hanh hoq.ch d!nh chlrih ~ach. ngoai vi~c dJ!~, vao
·~ .

52
I
1
...
.
 . 7;f
. ~;;

"·~·
.~r rihiina,;can cfrkhtia:h6ctren d~y, dic,.nha'li~~c.h <;ti:i;ih..,:.::.q-t.
.,,.., ..:.. ::..:·:~(... ~;,;-:,. ;'..;... :..... :· :;:~::::~..~.•} ·iY . •1 .1t.~1·ft~f··;:\:~~;.:··;~! ..~t~H.!~· "
~on.P.q~i
"h" 4
:;_.:::•"

.':;~ '"~n~Y>.~eif sJr~JiJf 1itdft;g,.9,~a ..C~li'Y~t:f}P,J,M,2.i::i: Y,~..~:'!Pi1Jl.~~p. . ~

. ~;::itiJ~~ft~6:f~g·~;;.¥,¢;n;~~~~'k~~:{tf~J~~€.~tif~~~~~&:i~+~:;~!f:(/C
;~i1lffirt:JiJ¥JS11Jb.~li~:·~~~ffili''s:ctcir:~f;~~~gJ.~.~9~A:~µ,~·:9> ~ e~o. ~~c. y~u
~~ ~6; c.h'u yeu. sau. 4a'y~, . ~· . ,. ; ... .. .
~.

: ~;:~~fit;'.:' 4ii~.i:;Y:~u~J.o;:tju:~.eri_;tvc -~~~f~h&~':ii{~ lioi.~h· .d!~h chinh

.~:· sci.ch
..+ . ' . .
i. ;;::i:.;1.::'lRµ.ye;i ·Jv~~51.~~~. ~~~· . t~'·Ni~:?.~.~&:~~~~f>9.~~ ~c~~.J~9t c;hu
.tf:' ,~Ji§:,~~i;i,.;¢.M ·~·~ph ~~iHrQrfg~:riloi ·qii.~4 l:l.§ . v.~n.· !I9pg_:p~~1 ~r.i·~n
. ~ ;:titi~·~~~~~t.';mi!9·>tieu.~li1iaWti!ii[ $~¢·~w·~n~ qdy~~ ~tic. :~9~;.tµy
·:~ ·;th'.u0c,1¥ao. :irgu6n ~-g66 .p1:i·~~1 :~inli\~a:."ti'iil'.chat:.~~a. ~~u .the :sfr
,~t~ 'Jij~~~7.4J.y~~:ai,r~
· · ~~..r. ·•·:.·· .... '..:, ... ·. · .
·ttr6hg
· ":
..tti~t(t~&i
·..,.~.
iy.~.,_.~~~f~f ~~~ri~::.Ti~ri·g hQi
, ......~~·". ~;·!'! !•'.~:-~.rrU .:·~;~;...... :--:. i"'"' · · · ..;
ia
:. ~, q~µ:,,cht};
·....... .... ~,1~.'1
quy~n.liJc.!fOi
'-'·';: •... •.. .• . .
c:a,ti':t~u9~.'.Y,e
'\•' ..
~~an"g~ni·quqc
.... '"f.\·,:.,.1 .. 4
.t~R tru~g·
•";"·.··
1

• • • .,, . . . ~"r ~'':• ~1~·>: _...... '.· 1

•••

:. :~V .iroig fay·Nha.;ntio6.:itiH

.... . . :-::·,.-= ...
.,.;."~ ~" .·
lian·lfi!~fi!5iJlieo.:diiih.,hi.riJri'g
1 .. ,.:··.,•.
~.·~·· ::.~ ....
·:-4·~·
..;t;•Quy~n
·" :.."
·
1.t.~·.. .... ::,f~'-!-:~.-· ~ :.·4:~H·.1 ;::,.:·~~,

.. ft> luo;Nliafaii!oc4:iaci-:a6flr · ·' en 1& "'t' 'a· '.'li.anh't ha· ·ru." ha .va
'.l ...
1

I' thiJ:c ;hi~n t~.t nhui:i~·¢hfnh -sfi(:h,· .P4ap 11:1~.t v~'.:ca.c q~y)!.nh
·;*·~:.· .A~~
~!J.~p·.§,~}~:l'4l 9i~9.~~.:P.*~~g_~~::·fr.:so~)tl~¢'.gfai:>:·.a~e::rna§~.r ·P.'1!.1~ .

I . :~~.I!g'.:j~Ji'.-'.aMK~~.~::~if;!g.1a:~:.q~~. ip~JiaI.t~rt.ehii1'W'.$~fii'.fio~'1i.
·
.e;:; Nli~
~·
::.t.:·t·"J'"· 1 ~~.;·r.::..;.~.··rt'·'\· ~.. ~·...;-:-;-•',. .•·.~- :~" • ........
µii'.¢c.:can ,ca:-.tM\s!r:.durig ·quyen\kin&'rt~wa'plia1fly. ·d~ b.~t
· ... ·. .. 1-. ••. ..-:,.•.

. ': ..-01·~·.\\.' .' · · ;-:;~~~'. •.:!,,-o\:-~ .. :i-i:_.,.:.£-:'"' .;'.: ... ~-. ·· "•::.,_,, · ·_ · ,' '.~ ;.,: .:· • ~ . • '· · · : ~· ;:·...·--. • .·.,. · ~·J 't ' •
l:>uoo :~ac»tl6i. •n.r#fio-:. tli1 .hanh. ·'Nhifwayi:!'chfon~.s:a.ch:·',ccin" ·tfo
,:;.1... ; .~~;··-:...~·.. l : •, .. .

~ ,~~ .~~:~~lf,$.~~l,~~:h~~'.~~~~¢Ji~µ ~t6;~hi~:ti~:~~&~*~v~<t~f:&ah~~9n

l ·.ci2~htfrK~ac~.:ciuiica'.c-.:t6<dMibkinn:tef'K~':hO:ffliitia·c':·
·"r, ·. :_.;;.;;~ ::.{;h.i~A~~;;:,~~::1~:'ii11~:~u~<~h.~p'.,9 ~~&~.,i..a: ~:9.i chu,.ng)l~~
v
•.. l
·~tr , lriof:;q' u.V.~n:,Jfrc :Nlia: fo::rad;aeu\tliu6c ve. nnwf. cl.an, ·dung
rieif' ...
...... ~ ~'!"···· .. ·:··~ .. ·. . , :-- ... : ·· ...:· ··.: .. . · : .. :·· ;. ,.. · .. . . ·'":"'"

_f:
·~ti,: 53
z,·
'f'
 :'.F,
.:.:.·_, ··.

-guye:n ll!c cle: ph\rc ·v1;tJgi. ich ~houi~!l •. ]:)qi, -v~~ y:ch.L,q:ufm.:}9. :. :
dra- Nha. nu¢c Juon- th6ng riM~t :vo'l q~y~n . v,gng,~µa 1ih§fi. d~n~ ·..
~voi ·o-a.n :~haqofrff.~rta:y'.;~ert..~a:q:-;clit~&:'s&6f<l~:'Nni::.nft~q· ·ba_ri.~ ~- - ~
hanh l'tton ·auqc myi" t~rtg :16?'. rill~~.:-dJitf ~U:O'ng· llrig ·thgcJii~n ·
tren tinh tMn t(r,n'gl.iy~ri;- ft! giac. ,,... .......-... ·.:.-.--· ....____ --· -----
____ ._
--.--- - - -- - ::._._ ' -- -
--·-- - --- ___ :~-· __ - .-.

•f'
4.2. Yeu to nang.·h.rc:cua. chti thf Itoach\{linh.chii1h
. ' . . ';. . . . - .•· -:· • . • . .

sach
;
: .
Vai ·chiic: nang. g1r8inly x.~ hgi; Nh~ . nu6'c-. phai-JhtrO.ni
xuyen ·tac, dgng:··~€n '~~t-'dd( nrQ.n~:~bftng'._.~hinh ~achvil ·cgc r, ..
· cong cv quan ly vt:mo"kha~~- K:€tqu~:_-rift' <l9ni:Vao,~fot qui1 .t
trlnh ss ph.an arth_11ing.iitt"it6~tiifi,o:h, t"ti·ch,u~;·di~~ h~ri.h d'i1a ·
h~ thong b~ may
:N'ha:·nttoc. Nang .lire hot!ch ~Jrth chi~h ·sach- · ·
cua- Nha· nucrc d_U'qc th~ h.i~n tren:. cac-.m~t ,n)ll:t niin:g Jgc, pM.n .
·va
tfch ·dij bao ,pfi~t .t.fiin. kfo.h te" - x~. h9i; na:ng 1\1'.c ~hiti~hi~:n .
cac vim ·de chiilh sach; ·n!ng_::li;rc ii.ra ch9n--·van 4~ phi'.1.i: giiµ ~ ·.
quyet; nang lf!c dib:.uc!t ni~c ij~u va.Oi~n :phap .giai qi.ry~t: van
de; nang li,rc thfet ke'. tnQt, chU:ih sa9h; ·nang h..rc'.pi1An tfch
ho~ch·d!nh chinh.sach; na\igJJ!c thuyet pht]c c_ho· iinfrkha thi \'
cua chfnh sach... ' . . .
Ne"~ ·nh_.a ho~¢h--dln~ cliinzy;sieh-th:UGng· xuye~ qi+an--·tatn -!
b~i dtrong, ren luy~n.khOrtg"ngtrrigria~g cao=lJ.mg h;re·ch.uy~n !
m6n ho~ch o!nh cnr~h _ ·s;tch se ~a~· ·cn:ci: 1n~u N·c ·cua: chtn:h · \.
. sach dirge tang . e,uqng., Nguq.c, l~(, neu ~an' b¢" (fo~c~ o:inh · ·\
1. chinh s~ch t1ii~Y.-q~?-n.t~m.<hgc hQi d~~fuig'icU'.\.iiig ch~y~n m-On.. ·. \ ....
:~. • nghi~p
1

'
vt,t va.. ~h1h.tighi~m
.. . - se.dtiata.nhilrlg.chf.rih.sach.ft'ifnh.:
. l )

krr:i thi, kem :h1~u- qua.;.iam ·giam sut 10u~ tin cua doi tm;:rn~~, I
:~::~h!o~inh sacb. err nb1f·v~y hi~u l~ clla chinh_saeh .._-. ,

54 J
-·~
 ., .:,\
4.3. Yeu totiem h,rc cua Ntla m.r6c
~~
'. ,,.~·' Tlem luc
. cifa
.
chu thl
.
d~ctc
. hi~u la nguon. ll;l"C rhvc .c6 :va .

·. ~~· · _riem t~ng ma chu th~ sll- dtJ:ng dtrgc cha .qua rrlnh tht;c -hi~n
.·: ~>m1:1c tieu quan lf!c :c\la _~ha nu~c b~o. ~?~ ~~?..f:l~nh
Jy. :nem
.~: v.6. kinJ:i., ;t~.• :c~inh·ttj, ·x~ h¢i; ,gql,1)' ·tbiet..'.che 'io. gh_tl:c.1;~9 . l'Jiay
::i'i,;.~ : quJn. ly.·~.;Y.~.a.. fi:19i:;ng~:.ca.n -'bq'.';¢oni~c1iuc't~L·li~~.·
:iri:• • • ·' • , ,.(';' '. ,,.• ..
I •'(•
~Li~~~g ;;.J~..:g6m
• ,/. • : , '···•1•~ ~·t •"•~·'°•·-'tl.;."~J.1,j ..• l• •:,•;.•·

.: -:;.: ,..,ca
. ».\ ._. . ,... .. •. . .. . . ..x~ Ml.".v.a
···' qu:Y.i:-i:no,•::utnh~.d¢.~iia,:fien.·~!4ri1fie; "l..
.i::~ .. 9gJJ~l!l
v: ...
~ai .~ 'l ~~·"' .... '"'".t..I' J.·~ .. ~

. J.~: .... :ngu)IM .'dat ;nukt¢..C'.8frb'.manli.ve·kifili'.fetiia: .Nh['n'.iiop

·~.:..••. ··:~ ....... ,.;..1-. 1
'' ..,.~,,M 'I•'., . • r.:'1'_;;:-:!•(,
.-, .
iJi.b ,.g6m
·
,,.. · " _'. .,_.;, :.,: . ~· •.......~,.(:!)' ;'~•1\'. ~;.j.~!~.~

:ii;'. ·~~l;~~~~~·;i'R.~~ :11&u.qtj1:~~.~ :~hinWVa ·:~ein~.:s~ef:J~~~~}~rg~~)%a

. if;~· nirgi::,J:{.,.c~ Jrotjg.·:i.r.~·;ng 9.~rhien'gi¢i~i·N-iifiit!ac 5·i:r"a.~ng ti6m
i~ i~c.· i<ln~". t~ :~~9·: viec ,p.µ y, ~-rl p~~t .tri~<cac' khu· 'V\tcrt'on,g, dong
.~ ~ ' • ... l•'"'"~·~:·i·.t'o••.......... £ . . .• . ' •• ~

, thC!!.:h~'A~ ~.P~~t'~~~:91 ..~fi,c:}f~tj .. v,i,rc.:khac·:rn9t•cac .chu. '~~ng.

in· ·: ··Nei'fi~o~tr~ll"!·Jii~·-~ ·te>: NMft.ifP:~ :s.e. ·c.hu. ~9n·g 1:J.o~ch . d_inh va
·.. ·r:B:\ic; ·riitf.~.c ~1).fqiJ".i~!?.4: pJi!lt. tpi~n-~th~fo· }:'chf' t~a rnh{l'.C·m¢t
;I .

.. ·.~,€c~:\Q.:.~~(i~·~: ~K~~gg:phi>c,6 chu\ij?~g vOi c~~·:¢tq@~~.~~h

,: ,;" :~o!t:#~~~~ ~~~:::n_gg9::~(},~i.gi~~?!tP: vi:·:~bl ch!~µ"tff; ~~inh;:itC~~rda't
. 'rill'ac". diia.c ·de '.cao ·tro.nC' ·dhinn
1
s'ach:·doi' n:ci6ai.· : ' ' . :" . . .: .
·;~1·.: ::':·: !•:•• :;:.: t'' . ; · ................. .,!=J '". ":'•" ...... ' R.~' ·~.:·~.: . ,•. : ..
.; .'• .. VoLNha
·...... ·. :: .. ··:..•.. .
n116-c::ta;.
.: • . ; •
ti8fu ltrc.~kftlii
'. ' .. ! • ..
tifhien
...
ch.mi ,manli
-;!
.nen 1 '1•·,'11·• ~ •·• ·:•.• 1 '•"! ,.1·-·1,. .:.

:nhieu chfrlhJ>~fohi..!nha'.t la ch'fhh. slicn 'idnh t~ :Ccin thle1i" .V.8: ;vlec .

.::~~Eti~~~-;;~*~;~fft~4i~~d~u~w~~~~i~
. ·l!f.Ong,\~hfn:h.\sa
,.-,~ .. ~·~\:-:
:·i:,·:·· ....
.ihJap~;don~:-.;viec
: 7'.1,··~
.;.;·:" ·:· ..
L·" . ·:
larifY;v:;;:Nhir
.. : ..• ..
·Y.~Y ,i:::9.Jhe
...j.•; ... ·-~
.. t·>:."..'' . :-~·:· ~ ·:~· ~::r:.· -:r~r·!f.,., 11~

. {~i(y)i6m l.u:c ~i'.r?.. :cht(Jn~1qµ'8;fiJfbo. annJ.1uCing·:kh~ni.:Ph6

./·;4¥n.i~~·r¥r.d,~B~ ~~~-',h'a~fy ~~i1in'.s~:c~.··'. ,: ·~- "(·i. .,.-..:; '~··--·

·t6.
••.•1~'.Z~:t~!~t::;;:~~:ti:~~ij~:
quY.~r .dinh:dgn:J~t.r·
pxiiih. :Neu .cc5 b~r ~{fa: c1Unli sc:(ch •. s~

55
.·..
 .- ... •'
· .. ;

,.~ ..

·~ ;. ··~,.. ,.. •' .":·· . ··-. ....

~·.·: ; ... ...· ....... -.........
~ -~' .

iham gfa lfch;~gc,. rlj,gia$_:.~i}~:. Q.~~ d.oi. .:tg~i:tg t.httc· _thr; chi~h:
sach ic r!Itfli~!l· .~rr~d'·:tnttJ,:.giari}f~i-tif ¢hiijb~)acli:/J~0L::Qteil ·
--::Ki¢'n-.2lio.''Ctlffrli"s~~itm6t:r~:d.~ro4~~~gi!1,:4~:Yit~~~if.ri~;,~~n·. ti~ ....1.•

rrqng d~i. hon~ ..\d~ri dl~~.:ha.n' t~bp'.:y~u ¢au ;phat tf:i~n,. X~hh~i. ·
:''M(rc· d¢ ·tham gja: cua cac.·cfof .~uqn:g thg~ .thi cQ.i~h ~l'ach ·con.
tuy thu¢t vao· ti~i:n ii!c ·cua hQ·trpn~. ~i~n t~i va tt!ong !ai.
Tron,g qua tri-nh·quan.:Iyx·a ~9i~ Nb~ ~ur6c:luon-t.O.r9:thai.
c!q cua mlnh vcri cac .d6i tuqng q.u·~nJy d~ co bi~n p~ap tac
«iqng thfoh .hqp den igLfoh· cu:a hQ. \11. lgi i'ch cu~ m.lnh hay
dia x~ h9i ~.ca~d6ituqµ.g;cru.an ly _tham:gia thgc hl~p :chfnij
sach khtich nhau~ Neu 1¢ Ith dia.. cac (i6i :u:rqrtg ..duqc .chinh
sach tac d¢11g thong ril;iat vO:i .hjl. ith qhim'g_ thl d'lfufr ·sacfr
d11qc thl!c hi~n 4~ dangi ..thti~tilgiJiop.. Ke°r qua thgc thi chfnh
sach nay la do thu hut dl!Q'C .SIJ ·tham ..gia tich .CIJC ci'.ta a6i
u.rgng. thl} htrang .IQ'i 1~h .etc «::hfn-h sa~!z v~ Ciia don.g·d~ ·qu~
chung t:rong xa: h~i. T;uy nhi~n. ben c~nh sue; m~n~: t6qg hgp
c~a xa h9i ·tham, gia. thirc hi~n: diinh ·siich·, con co st'.t¢ m~nh
· cua de d6i ~U:gng chmh sach.· S~c m~nh ·dia ~doi tuc;mg. chinh
. sacb bao gam: tiemJ!j'.s Y;~ kinh t~~ chirih:tr!', va~·hoa)'a h¢i,
ngo~i gia:a.:.• d6ng thm con c6·'ca tinh chat; tdnh d¢· cua· cht . ·
dg xa h¢i rihthhiet clie na11 dan ch·~, cac deii tµgng iru lien
dll'gc h11ong nh~ng d~c guyl!b: ·i~ :i,¢L Neu. i16i mqii.g. chfah·'
sach co vi :th! chfnh. tri,: kinh te, xa hbi 6ao; thl- chinh -sach· ch6 ·
r,foi tuq~g ·nay dtigc q~ari ~~~ ch6 ~ hhi~u'-•han ·cic" d6i tuqng
- 'k.hac.
' • J.

0 l'l_lfQ'f t~. ~at thanh phatt kinh te Nha nuas vaJ~p. th~- · '.. ·
gitr vi tri .·nong c6t va c6 quy .mo l&rt rih~t;: c6 ti~m tvc· vugi ;
. ti·9i ·so vai d6i tl!qng rbu<}c' cac .ibanh pU-~n ·khat nen· chinh
 I

1
'.·.A~.9,~.;,d~Pi Sh~: ..9:.J~P,:C1.~g,-~uY;~.n.,h(1n.-~t~p :trJ.Iug:>fo:m va ~0an
.:,; •· •.qJ~ti;.~gQ\}t~n,i: ·~C:~ijh_f.~,~~<~4'.~Ph~n;::J~9 .,ilf~·:n9ftg~t:l~ ·rihu·n g
:1. ,~9L:£1fg~~· ;!ZJS, ;.~~~;:~)>':·: ph.~i iJ~f"~P.·~i.h~~~·4lfih''.liifoµ.g~ ·.~';J,iero 1:.:~
. ,'.:'....~·~~b:~ ~~f§~&'.4,( !"~rWb)q*~-;hi~4_.~.agJ:.;c~'i1:.trµangi: c~irih sach
' ·, ::cH~·-P.*ii.i.;·;~'-Jt .~;-ttHgg('*~¥~:.v.1~n 1q.\t'?:n·~~i4~ tS~l ;~d~o !rtfi;i dt
1
=~;:_, .,, ~~.::tiao·::;i;:l19.. ld:ruf:i'~··n~~ .nµ:qi;:;:gftr ''Yij·-1Wi~hti-~:a~p·;rcuhg ·voi ·
~'· ·'1~·'·' ·:. .;;.·::· -~.,·"~~,:.... ;·~~~· '''.·'·'f:~"}'r" .....,. ·:r. •,,., ·,.... . . .• . ,. . ki": "·' .•• .
,.. 'tf.':" . ..,.:. .l.IJ.Q:.;t!tap the.·:,tll'Ji§f~b.'tt6¢.1Jam.:;:11:e.n*:tang:-l~H9·:ne..n:'. nh"te th!
:'L.'fJ ·t' ~·~; ··.! i,: '"-~~..1::... ). -..::,~ .... :.·. ~ .!:i'.~~·~.;.··~.i::.i~:"'"~"· ,.,,,~-·: ........~. . ~ Al, .... • ' - h •

:ip.;, ....J.lictna;,dreu ra eb::dmh:.huo:1··.: ..:..a-;h6f:.cliu n°'hla:,··· ....

...:: · 1 •. ·• ·•. i:~ N.:~::.R~;·:!.\ :.: ~: '.:.~:;..: r.:/V;J·:- •....•·~~~;·~ ·..1- ...~ .... ; ... ' · ·· ~ ,t> .

~ ..f:~:~·: · ·. ,.. \, ·'.f~ri~;J.~·:1?; ri~·~'.3..#.Ii :d.hfrih &ac!l ·er11u6c·!~a '&11'6. infiy )eu to
~
{ ·. ,~!~m'1uf~:c1~.:e9l';rJi:trl 0·cM~n:siiC:!f:co:'~firi·~h&on~!Jcfo~
~ •. ~""~··:·. /;J.. d~ii ·rhuc
·''"·.ii, ..· .~·· ....,· .............. ,. ··.Q ... - . .1' •.• ~· . ' •• . f. ! • • ..

~}. '-"'-'·. · rtt1.: ,¢li:rhh.. ~~~h~· .l;:ihe::khfj,ru\. h~nh·· ch:ii:ilit~J.lcff"caiil}h'ru -xem

, .. " ' : ,• .". {J( 1' 1 :• t\'~•: ·_:.,., .... ,,;r;• 't~.!J:.,.' !,1':.~• I

~ ·i~:. _·. ·. ~,.~ :c~r~~;.~~8.:,ti~;:si~~ :,~~·!9.u.~µ :iYf~~~~¥ Anh·~~~~· k.ien f~a

.,../ ::·, '.. :.;,~~,·~-~~~~;~;~~j :~~~f~·-~~~..f:1S·P..~~,~·.:r.~g~ar9.~z:PP-h~9Fz.z~~np ie
·. ~:. ·:·•:. · .·~.a .i'ioi:· rrianit mh?<'thong. ·nhat;:va .kfut.t>n;ditih.:Mile ;lieu· :cua
;. ·~. -..''d'»''
~?rith ·~a'.c1?~6·
.... ·: i"'l~~ri
1
.... :~[~
,.., .. _..:116~~~;;i .a~b~;~j6i ·P.··ha~. ti~i~·~ . ~~a
~·: £ . ·"·
O •' , ... .~';' ,,.;1-.r",~···...:.~1.':> .............. \,.•I'"-" 't"'••R 'o

r ·:·: .. ,a.n-g:"ci~rn'.i:q~y' r,})i~"'ruitfrig:. h6:~fulii~:au;;ih'.~nh 1:¢'~atmuc,:.tieu

; · . : ~iJ. WJ;X1-h~~:ri~;A;i ··~'.}~iiip~6~i ~'miili:::~icili.;~hfr~Jiri:;n~;;rrih co
_ · : ,· • .. ·. . "·. .:,;·... .r.·' ::«''"''''".; ,,. ... , ; r".,. ·" • ·
~h "'·~ "~

I .
. ii: ,. ···
~
t :e. fr.~n·'·~a;$.&~ · un:gl.'.ffo:rf.'.&ofqu'ip.::~l~gw~'.12su~!i~;hq1J.t~d¢ng
~~O' quy:J4~t ~a; cac, doi :tiiefng: quaifffvi-~c~ ~hff:ti~u· ,hanh
~.~·~· .sh*(il\~j,·:v~.~tJi(i.';t~~;1iJi?#~,.$fih;-:ch~i:.siii::ir··tt{~)htW>i ·£9an
' ~~' '_. .. '. :~I:',t; .Sa.·tt.. ··s[.c:.l1f~.cac ~p.Qg'.:qy .._g.µii:n,.'ij;~k.M.;·cdD.. ~.·c 'tfiiJ-dt~Y'· cua
~~· .· ~? trg G.1}.:chfa~ S~S~·:SP!}¥; 4.P.j,A~J J:~c,f;Tha:nu.oi:>p~ai rat..th~n
~: . l 9.rig'..khi cho· :a;:d'ati"iriot chirilfsacli, .rw.ngxt6.:rruac·h€t phiH
J. .t .~.~".rr ti~ri~.i6:·~€r:·<Iii~'. iit~)~tj¢~ ~~~Gii~J.tnk ;~~ d~y:
r.~··· . . '..:.. .. . ... ~

~
. ':
. '

!£;
·l~:
' 57
-· ..... .
··~ ~ ~
 @Neu lfd,o hp~~h .dln~;eli~nh,~~cp :.
.~Ch~~ s~c~: g~~~,1~:~2,t,,·c~~~~~~~:;~~!!I.b.~ :~~~fS~~ .S6~g,,
c1:1 cu~ Nha.:n11ac.-.d1:1rtg'.~e :qu·~ Jy.: ~<! h.91, 'v+:the..,c~mh:':~ai.::P,
~htglaj quy~~ dtrgc ni~1:::s6:·v/!n.:~l~;fr9.#fti~g I.o~rv~h·~~ ri~Y, .
sinh. nhtt -v.~y, c6. ·ng~j~ t~.-~h§ng~?h.i!_':itlc~n·~94£.~g; baf!-:h~hb: ~
c1itfili s~ch. ;Th~~:~11.r!ilitfi)it¢.kR~Q'i,:·baii hanh cbtnh sach. ,;,
., nhi.rog qua tdnlt ·ho~i ~Qng:'.}<.a .bQ.i l~rti:.;:n_ay $h,ih ~c· bi~ri c6:
phu hgp viii y cb1 cu~.Nha.nuqp·~ting·'<higc'co!,:·~~ d~:cq ch!n~ ,...
sach dang duy rd x~ h{>i. Th~o. tinh n,ang, tac d~ng: cta·cl.ifnh
sach va di~u ki~n ban 'lia11.h chfnh .iach n~ti tre:n cP,U:n·g ta tha'y .•
vi¢c ·ban hanh .chfoh :sach phii dtrq!=.:can. nh~c· th~ii trQng cU
vtta dim ba~ hi¢u·:Igc, ·tl1~u.qua.. cua cliJnh scl:ch vtri.:khotlg lam
~nh huang d~n gt<;: cong.c1,1 ql,lan lf nha•:riuoc !lang r6n tFJ.i, de
cung co long lin d1a .dAn chu~g v~o Nfl~ m.rdc.
· ·M~t6n han .hanE m:9t clitnfi :·s~~h~-~·tnr(ri:: tien p4ai .t¥uyi!t
. ph!Jc dugc·y·:·chfch~:;~e·v~:.s1rcanihi!'(phai .giai'iqqyet van de
bkng cong CJt ·chin1is~ch· v.t qua:cliiYtb.~:i1iu)te'tphlfc c~c ooi
tugng .thi.rc. thi -Chfoh .s~ch. v~ '19f :' lcn' Jdnh' le,. xa. hg i, moi
truang:ctia chlnh sach' se ban ·n:anh.•T9an bi? n<?~.dung th·~y~t
ph\)c·d6 dm;rc·coi l~ lfdo ban hanh thfnh sac!L trong thtic te,
khi nei.t If d'o ·ban banh chinli ~ach ·ngtr~i ta'· tforcirtg quan tam
den
.
mot. s6 var! d8'. sau:. ··. . . . ~

• M Tfnh
. bi'rc. ..:xuc
' .
~
cua: ·vari de
··. ' .
". ... .- .sach
..chinh
. . . . doi':vm.doi .song ., .,
·' ...

xa .hqi .. ,. . .
_...
;;: Tfnh:.phirc t~p cira: Y~lrl' d~~ chfnh sabh.. .
- Tfnh rfr~i·,c:a.'c~a'~i~c
... bari·h~nli·chlnh sach
. .

·-:.
 ·., :. ; -~ ......... . . ' . " :" :'

:• • >~ ~~s.~.·.~···M ··~>":~ OOO O . ,' -~··· ;

... . . .... 0' ' .. · .: •''"'! o

b~Ilg'' ngU:6n ltjc ·~~h te,. 'J;~;µ~r·1tai:bi{Dg:;hii;nh;citin~ Vt the:'

khi. d1f. thao.,·c'hriili •s·~~h:-·c~n ;;aua: r~Piit1i~~\phuei[ig in .:.khac· .:,
~h~:n, ji~p c~~:Eh~ ..~t~an__h~lt ~~dt6i.i'ri¢tg rli¥G:'t~1.:shmn ..
sach co di~l.t ki~n 1ga cliQ,h-::m¢t pbtrGilg' an:tot·nh~t; ca~ bret
:• rfuig quy mo, ti;'inh d9 cua. rn~<;; ti~l1 ya 11~!1 p¥,p :.tr()p>g: cac
Phu:crng·arr.chtnh .s.ich I~ ~l16rtg:.:gi~.lig:rih~.~ th4ffi~chf cOn.tnii
·ng~qc rihau, ii~ c~c)1li~:,d\t··t'6i0·"1i~a~·T~~ri· it¢~·i~p v6i nhau
tron:g .qua· tih;ib ng~iei;i cuu
·x&y- d\t'·~g_ c~c: phtrcmg an chfoh
.sach.. Lam rihu v~y. se.c(atji~~a~ .ifoh ·khaclr.:quari,. khcia hgc cua
~6i phtrang. an. chirih sa.cb def ihito. .
o ~ucrc: t51, cd qu~.<:rv tMo:.ch.fnh.:satlt ;httCi#g-ia·cac 0'9,
ca q.uan rrgang bQ,.ca¢ cif:q.uan:d~:bi~t.cua . cHrnh.phl! va Uy ,.:
ban ·nhan dan cac tinhf th~ Jh6 Jry:c th11.~c·T~ttg Uong.

M~a ~hqn phuang an.dif th~il ~Qf:tio~t . .

¥ ch9n pq'ti~ni ~n:ch~nh:.sarih:..ia: btracti'ep·:the6.:cu~ dlJ
thao chinh sach~ rih~rh :cic dinh dtio:c .m.O.:.,hmh chfnh sach:t6i
tru trong so cac pb,ttang;:i1.ti ~h,~pba~;. Kltjlu.i .:i:hqn: ni'O hlnh
chtn h. sach .ciln du~ v~o cactl~u chufui dta. m6t chfnb sdoh tot . ...
dl X.em xe.t, d&n~: tbcii ¢ung .Iciein tra, ctin~~:g~a ·<cac .~a·Il' cu
kho·a h9c duqc dling kht·x~y·.dgiigp4ttartg:".:an ch!nh -~a.ell va
rigl";ien ct'.i'ij ph!n tfch c~c; yeu to ·anh liirerng :d!n. mci ·h1nh
chfn.h sacn ~e~'. ·ctil'.crc tri~ii khai ib:uc ni<:n •. V.iec xem xer tren
d~y c6 th~ dttgc th~c hi¢n ·b~ng:ca~h:cho:di€rri ·tung ri9i dung '..-
roi t6ng hQp l~i. ·hay ·cung c6 tM .str d~ng ;ptia~g ·phap so ,i
sanh, rbay rhe~ to~i.rrtr.... dtc6dtlQ't m¢t:qoyet d!nh dung d~n .. j
nhat. D.i'li;ra: chqtFplittong:afr ch1nlfsacl:floi'iru, ruionz. ni!n ·~hi:-~. ·1
dfrng I~i a cap ho~ch d!nh, <::it~ ma: rqng den cac d6i hrgng ·=· .

60
._..... -~-··- ·-- -"' . _
 ....
·
··-·· :.!.:::.' ._.
• ;. 4• • ·.it::··

an chi~h sacb ia. nliun."g:ho~t d~ng, .riiir .~.gpJ~m ~c HQ.h_· µa~~· :

• • · · ·, . . · · .·• . ·~ ~d. ·h._;-h··· · ...... · ··~r ;. ;....
.:i:.. -- .... , ·:;.,:!': ,·t.: · ,.... h
cua• c~1p.h.·s.a!=Ji. trQ~g .·q.fi.~ng;;~~~u f'f~'l:n . eF'· ;, l~ .. ~;~, e,p'.:X:e'1·· c .P-;,. : .
quart 1)'../Qua.·thfui.:dinh~ mr:it ·!aif nua'.':bn()·.])Iiep. c~i1iig, ta.
kh~ng d~nh: ve .k!t qtii J~ir..ch9tj pn1fcttfg~~i;'t .c~fo$ ·sach, . ~ong.
tho'i ket
~· - - ........~ittrih.kha.Jhi
- -· iua.n·-d·trac
.':' -.. ·- ..___._ ,_
.~~~ ..~tr'a 't:hriih. ~sa'~ij.
.... --_ --·--.
.... _:..-:- .......,.,._';""_·_"'~ ~ - . . -· ..

Trang tht,rc·. tc!, .:p;hffarlg in ch.iiih ·~~elf ·dttc;tc ·in!rti .din.h

:bang nh{ett c:ich;~tuy<t~~b qrly":m6.,:tt1lih.i9.¢ vatfokch:kt cua~.
chfnh sach. Ng11C!i ta _-co the:-tbain il:i#lL:b~ng each phin tfoh
'cac. ~iiu htnh l\fa "ch9ri:·ttii.fr cci~s'i:t'.itg:uy~n«ly·:cho cac. .pbuong
.an 9hinh sach co--ph~tri vi ~t:u:i9ng h~p; ~t.t¢ :tit?:iftti,rc ·:d~i~n .rirnt ·
chi~h ~ach· cho cac· do1 ttr¢g::·uu afil frong xa ~n·¢i. (~fi¥ ,fifrf ·.· ..
ngli<ti gia, 'tte· ~m. kliong: n¢,Enti'dn'g;: t~, nliiliig ·rtgir&i co .c:ong) ..
Nhiing ~6 nhung:·phttang:··~n ch~hhs~chphiii"th~· d'fnh b[ng
.thir nghi~rh t~g ~u<:ic· trqil'g')}ivc .tt'!l i4~ ch! phil ti!~ hanp d .
nhi~u ·ndi co nhung· di~ti ki~n khac :nlfau moi ~ii~ ·.chung '
duqc chinh xac. ·ca.en thain ·4ilin na:yJhtrbtig· .dun~_)rm<~iiung
t:hfnh .sach ·m(il. quan tt9n:g cO: anh hubng·:quy& diµh. deri d!nh
huong phat tdt!n·cua-Nh~'.iuroc nhtrcilr~h· sach ~e. cta ttiarth
pMn. so hiiu b nucrc. ta (xiiy ch,mg hqp t~c xil,. cJ .ph!in hoa
doanh nghi~p riha nti'oc). 1F!o~c, ciing c6 th~ sir d,9Jlg. ket. hQ'p · ~.,. .
ca hai each th~m dfnh· tr~ri cho. mqt .phi.rang
' . an: chlnh.s~ch~
.,
S:1u kl?-i.·th,m .d!rth'i: phtrctttg·. ~n c*1rth . s~ch co~. the oi l~~i ...• .iP
,:
· · .
bo, ho~c ai!ng:l~i.gJ:!\ra dttqc·ban·:harili.~n!ii: kh~i;ig d;cip:ifngOYe~ .
. .:-... . .. :T't.' . .. . ~ . .. ' ...... ' ' ... .• :.:~ .. ! , ' t> . ;.:.. • ;..•.. ·. .. ~.
cau· C~ia ·~~ru-a· nu~e- ~e~fii:;t€~-t-1e:::i~ ~v-a- -b.t~r};phap, ·~i.nun:g. ntn . Ch-.ung _~
cac phucrrig an: ·d'eu·'j)hai ·ti'ep tvc· di8t1 ~~inh boan thi~ri tnroc
k.hi ~tra vao ~uy~t~tlghj.. .

62
 ~r-~u,.:"'J:';P"Y/41J'i.Pr~ ;-· r v~:7
. ~~yet ag~n<_ha:nh chinh sach
Sau khi tdi. qua: cii'c. 1:n.roc, ·t:tr neu ly . .do ho~ch d!nh den
~1~<li'rrtlI~~:phuong:an chin11 sachchuni.ta da c.6 d~y a.ii c<:J so
· •de k°et lu~n ve.~~:;;.!
~ •• , ~. • ';,_.r•l,I 1..,.
tin.h'.kha thi, t~Alt .l?i.~~ lt,rc, .J1J~.\l. ql\~:,f,~a
(I \.. t.,.t~!.f...;:!J.: ,t ,. ,::.fio!;~:lJ..~ •"°:? ,),_;.~,, -.,;i. ••• ,,;.':: ~.) ~ ' • ~"' • '
chfnh
,
ff!
!

:·... ;sach·~ "Nfiirfig· '1(¢,f1.t1an ''do clip:·p:ti~R. quy~f~. 1 rtP...--9-?'.~~~f;·:f,~~nh

· 1·:s~d1*-~~5~·'rliucithi~Yfh~t~~li ~~~~~~;h~Y.;lh¢ni:'.n~ui . ;1·,
·.su dµ·a:van
1 .;·:~~ __ ...,: ...... 1:·~--~·'1' ·f.°Jir'~;~~ !,..Y~' ':~~)!.'t..:f.;!~;i~ ..~:"°"'7 .::•tt••' : ..;~ ., ,
. .:. :i1 ~n~'."Wt?~~~&~ ;~P,J~~;RhP..~~Elffl.~;$~~1};;.~h.WJ.l?.p.4u)chi tham
I dinh·:se;_pfiai'l?:fn'~tnµ~t~~·phapJy hoa:~'"Q~)'.'.~~.~ghi;~WPh sach
.... tr,. ··.~1.,'.,l-;.:, ....:ft.•-.·'!:;it.);..fi· ... ·'"1·~·;)l ..-:,~ .....
, . . . ,,,. • ........ •"'",":'t ..

.7 J~. -~~P~.}hM91:p,h~rf.~~Yf~lioa'·'.chln~1 '.s~cW'~r~c;:f,~~•. ·~};.a ·. 'f..f:.9- .tpvc

~I;_!~~~ ~e::~~P /9h~~li:~~cti·~c.6: ~.~qd:S:µc-'¥.~~~~9.~~-g"ci~t~-~1·. .i~~.; ~µ t
'• ·aiic;;sc si,r ~l}~m gia .cua_.~cr.qriao,'~n:~hi!1i1~ \Biic;cap;~ua'm(;ii Utng
.·16p~nMri~ap,~ " ...,.. ,\.",:. :~·;,. · \·:'·
. . / :~·H ~ :·:· i\l:t{~~~~.. :i. -'= :·;;·;·:. • ' :~ •• • ·

.: . :_.!;t~·lfCiR ~~..JJ:i~,q guy·djnh::~~.\kHi.~o"phap·vi~c.quy~(.p;ghi

0
.:~~w. 2i~~~,~:efF~.~i,;~~. q~:::~~ctii\~vc. :_~i¢~1:1~J(J~?:~>:~r:x.~:i~~foh
:Prli.~~Qu'.()9,;h§i·
i.~~c·
~~.nltll~hun~··c.t1rnli's~ch'lilon
.. "... ;-;~...,. :··'..·:~u:.·... !,·::·~· .. ~
·~a"·ba.&~ · c~m
~.,.v .:~ ··: ..:.i:,. ;.•~~:·~;·~/,.:., <~~·~iJ·t:.·~·r1·;::l·:t·
1·.;. -,'.· ••• _ ...

,.,.,. ,e~Ji!1.g~M~1\~~;3.!~;~'.:ft!~» ~P.J;iµ,ng; ~~~nh~'~s.~c~ ·:cW':~~-~~.:.R~e.P. . '~~, ·rr;l!c

1

·cua Hien·pMP.'ri'"m l9.92'h··· ''irJ1 .... ,,, :;·'' .... ,., ... -.. 'L' ,...... , ...

Trenct;J,s~ Hien, p):i.apiJu~t 'J;o f:.l!itc:.G~f,~Jr,p~_ii

._f
q~w c1Inh :-.·.·~ r_ ,•.\

h~n,. quyet .r.Unh chfrih ·,sacr(9ua :Chlril1. phu t~i cac

"' ,. · •· . 1·· •.r ,1 ..._,;...•.;--•:·"•. ·: . . •

:ve q_uyen
di~u9,LQ_·,j3,.f:9:~·' . ...,. .... . ··.
.·.,_··'··-~ii~.~ -~:~~~~-4.:·qpy :4inJ1~ :,".Ct~mf1. pJ~.~, q~y!~: U:inh;ch~l!h
.sacfr. Clf ·tl.1~. :¢'~~~iqi~·n:pi}~~c'.ve;t~i;t~'{nh/ti~n~ i~~~ '~l~p}µ:dng, gia
.,.·.

63
 ...
··:•:
·. E>r~u: i o:iriuc "2· t}:u-Y: ti.iriii: ·;);(2ti);~i;·~iti:rib:: ~1ii~T1 . ;~¢h ·:~&: "'--:-
khoa. hot· tong·nih'e::)·.;' B·i~i.i· ·r~; iti.fic:,t q.by::din'&;. ''Quy~r .:dlnfr · .·; .
. cac: chrnh· sacb; t:ti:..tli~t ci~·c :Exe-n ·pil:~?·~~~· rt~ ~.b~rr!iliv¢: li:i~:n ·~ ·.
chi~h·~~~th bf~1ci~h~; . ~6irt:kit!J(j~fi'~~""gma c~~·~(ib,·!¢t"~ ..
•I Di~u 19 mtt~ 4. quyrlirth! Qhfoh .Phu. th~oilu4n. t~~ th~
11

Va bi~U q':ly~t tbeo ·da so· Vi; cac chfoh sich C\( tp_e Y~·phat .
tri~n kinh° te - xi hdi, t~i :chf~n. tien te, .. II• , • .

Nh1r' v~; Vi~~ ~uy~t nglii. c~i~h.·. sa:~~ '~htrfu.;~: ·;itn' ra

trong cac phii!n\hqpf:-ClrinP:· pbiLs~i:r khb:la ~l!r.§ .jqen: Ba.n ch~p
harih;Trung u-dng.Ban.g·v~:.do ·c~t: thfah··\iien 'Chiri'ti'~hii l:ii~u ·.
quyet theo 'quy dfnh ..c~a I..u:~t t(>° cllifc 'Qifrlh ..phu. Sau khi
duqc quyet nghi t~ cuqc hqp Ch:(rih phll, -~hfnh sach s~ dtrQ-c.
ban.hanh.duOi rh.6 thiic ta:ngh! qujlrChfnh phu.rheo quy dinh'
c·ua dieu 56t khoan· 1 - Lu·~r .B.an. ]1inh :van b~n quY:ph~m phap
Iu.~r. Do .dttqi:: quyet :qgli! bbi C<:;l quan nha mr(1c c6 .th!m'
.quyeri va dUQ'C' tirfo hanh· theo m{>t trJ.nh tg:ch~t c4~ c~a phap' '.
lu~t; n,en bhfoh sach .sau khi. dirge ban hanh se: c6 ght tri ph~p
l)', dm;1c.m9inguai chap hanh nghi~m chiah., •..

@Dong,, ~o-,c~Inli sach:_ .

Day la hP'.oC.cuoi.d.nig trong.t1e;n<tr1lih· ho~ch d!nh chfnh.
Sa$h. Ga~g o:e;'· ctfr;h sach'ui dio :c3:c-.. cci··o,m1fi q,u~h iy nffA
nti6'c v~ mQi't~g lO'p :nh:i~rd!:n bi~tv~::in¢t. 'chihh sach .rrt6i' rfe
ho. .coiTnli
. . tniin.d6n nhA~ . . chu~ti
.. va . bi' thttc
..• hien.. .
 65
~ .... .., ... ..... .. ·. .....
~ ~ ~
van di c«a
.. . .

cb!.~ ¥•eh:_~~••: h~~T~-~~ c!i'.nn ;i<~·~in 1~~

,, .. ··.

trung: m~:n.h vao" v(n :d~: ch(l'.lJ:i•.'s~h .. Y(n rl~ .cbfnh,:s!!_Ch.:4U"f:1c ·· 1

:·

hieu··ur ~nih1g~ 'ififttf-iliu~~~::. fi~y~'.S'fiili';~O.hg ·" c~~):·l!!i~·::'\;Yt'.1:i9~t- 1

r
...... ~.

··
·.

d9ng c~n dirqc ~i11qii'yit·i;ii'!l'g ~hlnh:~achdi:(~g~ man rihif~g · ·

nhu 'cau nhat dtnh eua- x.a b~i. Nhu;v~y C;:o,.Jhe!:'.tfot'Y._ ;y(n 4~ .J
ctiitih-'.saeh 1~· 'h~"fnifA'Ii''cii~~cfi1n1i'::$ic1i, ·iio''ltli6ng "cifc·:Jil':lc' l·
tieu, giai.pbap ~ c.6 -c:tia: Nh~:~~6c.¥a<;> .giii quyetv~n _:de. t ..
~·&ng thCli n6.tiing: ·thu :hllt'sfj: th~~ gia ~ua d~tli ·d,~~ ·dc·tan~ \
lop rthai! diln vao tht!c.hi~~:chfoh'·s.~cm ·d!'.giai.guyet ~and~ \
cung Nha· m.r6c. Van .(if! chinh sach .xi1~t bi~n tl:r·thl;Tc:ti~n qua J
dCli s6ng xa h¢i ·nen. ngay cang phong·.pM; da d<J;ng:·:va dOi hoi · I
d\i<;ic giai q~yet ngay·cang teian:di~~. irt~~Ji~ b~ng.chfnh sach. · !
ly
V'i the trong· ph!n :n~u. ao· lici~ch' 9iiih thi,nh s~ch can. phai
rigan g<;m. ro rang, chfoh xac ..c6 :St1c thriyet ph!j'.C:.cao: Tranh
t1nh t~ng trlrih hay Ian man; l~m saf ·i~ch van d;! b.o~c. lam
cha nguoi tiep nii~n .111~u i2lit>ng ·i11irig:~ :Jth~~g et~Y.· 4.u v6 t~m ..
quan trQng ·~ua 'Cbfn,h sac~,. tt£'·do ·fua.'khori~ 1lJ :gi8,i::, thJ!C thi

cWnh;:~i<n cil:.~~~C~itinh;ctiin~j;~Cb ~ •. l
Da· ban chi~ ·~~~l1 ~6· ~u~· .thuyeJ -~~it,~:.cad. :(frfl.;voi :ci: Ji.
ngtrai t6 ~lill'c va tli\[c· tfri,':ngoai vi~c neu .dtrqc Uy do ne~ch ~ · ,,.. .
djnb chlni-i. s:irih.c6 sijc thuY:it :E)h?Jc; ec;n·tt4t··.ph·!l .!fin~.l~ay.rO .-: ·+
nhiing. can c~ khoa; :~9c, .d! .h9~fi~ d+n:h cnfoh ·:s-a~h. ·O.n· cu. ~
ho~Gh dl~1h ,chfrih ~-fri:lfrdtrgc.,µ:foh hay :ttoug.n(}i d·ung·:.alifiih' ~: -::....
sacb bao gem ca: cat'n:'ii'Jt¢~ch dinh cri(nh . 'sich.~ii.h~µ·o·m\lc ~ .
3 cua ch:trcmg· n:ay V~:riliii'.ftg i:af(tifbaii h~nh '.chinh d.cb ct·a ·~ .
ca quan nh~ nuqc'c~.thfi.m quy~n .. Vi.~c trlnh:pay ~~:can.~·~ ,;i.
eta Ia ·khing. ct!riIL.ve~ti'nnJii~uJ~c.Jii~i.i-CiuK~c.ua_chfnh_sach,
. .
-~ ..
~

·~'
" .,

66 ;·Ii:
~.
-=·~ .
~...
 ~up .c~b vi¢c CUrJ;g co long tin, qua nhan clan. vao chfoh. such
qifo Nha nuac·. . ·
Nhurrg ~an ~~.tien day candUQc·neu ngin gQn, xac.lhlfC
·
v.oi. di~u ki;n ·b.oan c.anh
• ·• : ,.:,·t
.
CUCl.. d(t.. nvP-.c·; ya ·d~gf bi?t fa phai
··,··' ,;.·.,, ~.:•.!:f..; ·ir~·i 1~; ...~,....., .. ·~~t· r /. ·"'"*.1' :•·•. · · · ..

'· htton'.fyap~:~ar(~~·;,chfrJi,:~~&#:~Jia,~. :£!h}f:~~Y. ~·~~· i~ng gJ.rgc kha

'. :. . • '.( . •. ·;;.r:·,
~· .'"r;:,~d:;;:• .J.i:~ri.,\:I .~·t;'
••,.·?. •;.,. , . !.'.'l:!•/, 1 '~,;;" .4 ,'"" , ,I 't

{: '·'na;n·g:'.t~uy.e.~l;P.¥.~s·.:s~~f~WI\11r~ae~~.J?~?-J~p trun:_g Slf'Chu'y cua

:·· doi~~u~~grfa6:1¥.~t,~~W~"$;~5S~($. ~~s!t:y,_a.·w~;:r.a· ~r~hf:iog'ic .gLtta
c,·~ri~l:~~~1::~;:~~;~~,.~,,
.. : ·· · Mtk
~ .... • • . • , .•.•
tL~ii.,
··=cninfr-' sadb> duoc
·cai la linh · h6n .cua ,chfnh
.·.:·••• ~ ·~ , •. , .. ,>.~1· .;.• .... {~;·· .:. "j:.~-~\!. ;1 • •
., ',. ,
:;;.~··~· : •
~
'

~: ::r-:sa.~h.:.Iio ~hua~.~:I#§fi:?i.:.e.PR~:,~~~i~~c..~~c.~i~n .J.,c.hLcua chu

\i( ~,n~: ho~c.~'-°.J.~~~~;.~1~~\~~¢¥,·;~T-~i!f qq"~o;~Bµ .g!.n!l. d.e~::·Gan cu
t:tJ<: ho~ch'''d!nh· ~lµnh1\$#h'::cujig &itt,nha.rnJ~:·:chti:.clUrih':sach
• • ' l ' ..
• ~ ........ ·•·''.·;;:·· :;._,.·"'.;.:-:;·;....~';'·;.. ....... .... J,·•t;:\l:..•., .. ·•tl •.

·/·:··.~. !!O'c.\thitC- th..hilibo~iW,r!:/Br-f::m.ii'f5n ~ua:Nha .nuiJ~; J~.o-'fila:

·• • • .. '• ~, " !;l •
ta .dar• •• ~ '<~(;;)I•' l: • ,·~···,.,·"'~ ,/'' '. •, • • • • • , , o

~.f;:· ~.~~¢\mtj¢ftieµ';4~?f~f fli9?::~~ :d'~ctc~mg~g .inu6n·~~:u~d:iic' doi

• ....•,., . :.;.... • :·;~!~':') .::1:lfb)f.f'~:~~~~.:n.\·!:1i'·"~J·~~~ '·:; .+~v_;:. •. • . .,, • • ,,,, • ...... ••

;· .:·~_i.r9.~~· :~~~~lt~:~f~!J:''~~i~.~ ~~IMfr:l!!:Yi.,.tll~P. .10~1 :.thinn ;~a,~h'.~'.nw c

·:" Ji~~:;c~fJ#.h~~~¢h'.~~1l#~;
• • . •'
• ........ '.-;- "'..',• ...~;.·.·;\•~··· r 1 :-=:~t
.mJic.#~u~J~Ji·i.~~ ;,~~;~r+,.i,r4~:;Jii1iVmitc
~'.7t1·.~.,. .......:.~·.-, .. .;. ··.·~···~•• ·•· , f: '".. · , ..·,

:.··;:;tieu7d:iril1:,ifhli'N·a~muc ~'d.ihn.Jircr'AP'·,\muc rfe.u.:chun°':.v~!muc

.·;'~.tii..~~~ifigfi.g,1~~~:N!~~f~m1ttt~~~filf·~g?i~lfh~~~~~4~~i;-?,fyi~~~;,~·2~:iie~.
ttp:iJ;g. <;tP..;c6:Jri.iJc Jieu :tr9,qg t.am va ~cac,pwi;·~i~u.·b9 pMn. Tuy
nhi~.ri m¢t tl'.fah .~3:¢4'.i,~lJ~pg:J:ien·,iiµorig i6'idqJ.bi'hflieu m\1c
·· · tieu; v1 nhu v~y ~~:la~ g!.~m t~p.b. J.ch~' ~.Jli c.u<l chlnh sach. De
: tr~nh .tlnh tran1f b.i.ai:i'.iai·.H8a~J&ong· <X~)r d~ :Y~ .mite tieu, dan
~t .~en ~V ·n~y/i~·~P.: t~oh~. v~~,~ .:if~~~,~~~;i.:::~hfP,~ ~~c~ ·"~P :th~c \e,
..
i~ g~f;rn~n. 1t.l~·ff·rm~i.c46r:tg~·b§~~-i<:1)·0-p:g~-t~or.ig!!lh~t. rra!lg. ;quarli ly
..... '.~~· pnat. .tden .. c~c nha ·ifo~~clf'o¥in :c,~~ p~i tn~t:·._d'.n ti:9ng trong

i·· ···.·· . ·....

· . ~:
1
. vi~lt:' rdnh ~bay inJJc tieu: q_h:trih.'saeh, .

,l~c 67
t~i:~-t·
 .· .· . T~ong .t~~~:·i€'.c6:.:nli~_iig;·_~iJ~: tl~:~::~Iiiith··i~~i(~~-~··dfi:::
.....·~~i~ !!~~: ~~~$~c_fra·y, tlt.c&t~~;Iafu:,~*t i~.~h)~~" cljih.lf s~·~H~ '!{!'
..... _,dt.i.nhµ-•.dllrilf~~ichJ<l~li -.t~~ilh1!u~til~ii'b:.,~~it~;;Ci:;i;jl:ec'"~a;co.:~¥c­
tieu ·ia khuye'n :kh'tch:.ph~{tde:n ·ni~i-tninh::PMn·ki.n11 re:d~1hu
::hilt duqc nhieu nha(cac ngu6n·}~c··vao ~i~ :x~y d\Olg cd:·~g ~
v~r chat .cua.Chii nghia xah9i. V.ai-mi.tc·tiefi-ri·~y't&rcai: th~d~.
ph.an 1<lnh t! d~u dugc Nb.~ m.r¢c tioLx.i.r nh~- nhau, h9 h<:~~n
toan blnh.d~ng vai rlhau t;rciri,g quan-'h~/,kinh te. ~Nhun-g· trong
dieu kit;n .ru~n nay,.t-h!rih pMF.; ~~rttL't~ nM rJ.l.!'.¢~ va' t~Jil . th~ .
(thanh ph~n. tam n~ri t~g.. cu~ n~ii ·kin.~: ti!:· th'! tr1:1C1ng d~ri~ ·
htt~ng XRcN) 'eoh cht.ta phat'.:tti6n,_·n'lfu khOng· co Slf trq gh'.ip
cua Nha. ntt6c;
•
rit• •co• th~. .•;bi t~t'
• ••~
hij;tt
•
so.
·,r
vor. cac
. •
thanh ·phan
•
:
khac.(kinh te ttr nh!n, ttr-b~n:ntr6'q n·gp&); :Bai v~y 'trong nwc
tieu chinh .sach ·ctn i:;hi.ro thai .d~ ilng· ;icu !';Ua flfh.a nIJ6'c vm :.
cac ihanh ·ph!n kirih t! nhu! kirllt ~~: nhi nuiJ~ ·g~fr vai tto: di:u ,.
d~o, cung vdi kinh te"t4p:th~ tung brr& wcm l~n trCi thanh ·n~n .
tang cua nen kinh t!i..
6.4•.Bi~n pha~·:d1a .chl~h:sach
Mt>¢ ti~µ va bi~n·:.PP~'f>':dlinh ~.~ti·'c6;·ni~~ tjqan h~ .d~c ....
bi~t nh1i' eta ~eu· tro9g. ch1!¢rg l:, v~ tner·cac ·bi~µ phap .du~c : ~­
tilnh b:ay troi:ig :1:i~(dµrii:>ehfri.11· saqJJ. <;~n.pbii/hg®g In:~n~ v~o ~ · ,.,
ml}c tieu. Bi~ti pha"p clif:{ih sach:.bao ;gom: · · .7 ,
. . . ~ . l ~ ·~. . ;.

Ccr cM".tac
.
d¢ng
. ..
cu~.Nha;.Jiu'.'dC.
' . '
den .~a¢ 'O~}Aiigtig'..thtjc .:.
chi chinh sachs giup "¢ho 'hQ ·ho~t d:Qrig; theo .mQt· fr~ti. qu1m. ly. l
. . Do tinh chKt 4!.!lh hg6ijg;j;ua .filQ_C lieu c.hfnhcsach~ sir.d¥ng-¢d :
ch.€ ~s~-1~~-~a
.
d~ng' .
lqc·:rhiic:·diiy
..
c:ac: qu~n :h~·xa:Jl'qi, .-~~i: d'6i · ?
.. . . . l
n.rqng chfnb: sae.l\. V~n d,eyn.g. v&i' tOc>QQ nhanh, CtrOng d.9 IT!~n:b :·
theo quy ·1u~t khach .quan.,

68
 .-..:

·. ', ....'~~9)~i~n-.:Ph~p. cir:th~,,inaµg·ffi?.11 g~~o4~cjll,:~y.~tj~yc,

tr~h.k!nh tlnaY. ilahh cihirih'.l~JY3iile<HnU:e1{~&'
! ";"\A':., "";.1' .. f.~•r•: ,··~ '_<;)' ,.::-..
t:.ua··c~inh
.··t·· • • ''
> ..., ..
·s·a~h.
... " ' •• I ' • •' ' " • • ', : ,, ·~· , •, '·~~ •"J ~do :• ::'\. •• O

••
· £.l:9.lr9J,iJi¥Sd:i'~~~Ph~t
,··.
. tri~~:\kiritDie:.Qi1-~~i~n~:PJ:?i#"rqii~fri~'.r.ija~.o
i·.r,;,-:,1,.., .:·,,.·... ~..:· . . .· .. ·,,,;t ...
w:.~·:.'"" ~. .i ~-~ ...::-·, · ...... =:~ P'!,:· ...=~:·.
tfnh
.t· :·
kfoh te.nh.tt,trong,phfnh;.siich·thu
;,";.:. -:: (. . .: .·.....,;·.·:· .. ·· · ·· .
~;-..:::.r~·
Kut:.uatftttti-0.ng
. · . ·.. .• : ·
nfrac,v:a
.. ·:1 i.;;r.... :. ~ :\:··~-~,~~;-:: ;tr~
1 • ...1 1 :
1
1
· · ;· nlioc ·,iia:oai:..ckYiet.~Nam...tifuan.g.i!)co\'lca6:: ·biehr~ni:tifkinh i~ nhu
1·'·~,,'.~ ·~H",.:6...:~~;~~f~:r~t:aj~9~~~~;~~~~-~~~~:~;;.~~~~~~g,;~~1:.'.~~~~F . '.~
:1':-'~S,):.>;9,p. pbap':t6:~-chuc-·thgc'".tli1 ~J#n~ ·.~11~~.~~.~~f!- .. Ph~P
;~·,.
·'{..f~ na'"ihubG··:v~::cci' ua;n.,. :.:a·'.:;; haY1ilu&Fbaci4Bf'"·~a8~
,,..)'::·.: .... 1x:.~:.·: .. .:.~..!;.·,~1:•'9.1~~~u··.·."q~. ,rt~Y fl . ··." . ~ . . ~·:,:. . .,1.W·r·:~· . .~~.M~n.khai
.,,.t-;,.· '-l...... · '
'!1~~~ · ·;Kaf:'.fic('1htI:c::hi8n~•chi.hhAsifali'itrr:liciff' ::ffflibii'Jf·bii!:ll~" . .M ·-. .na

I: ~~~11t~~~~1~:µ~;~~~~~-~~~:~;t~Sd~h~~
~ftlt . -· C@.:J:ilen1ph.ap.:.chfnh.~sach l;:un'g.:«.:fili·'duoc: 'nh, hay.ngi:in
~~~· g~.rr~~;~:6.~~M?,~:~:::p_·Ji~r'.~_:;1&b~ri!;~.-~~r;~~,:~~~~~~t . · ,~.·~;:~~t~-~#
n . U:aNbttbhlen . d.~.:aa: ·· 1)'.vah:d:u\f ':1'.Bi~ ~tfia:'' 'sacih di.roe.
J.x~f~~ig~j~~~;~lf~~~'.fthit/ •Wf"''', ;· ..
R'.i

. :::tr . . ... ~ha'i~fo~?·_ -~,~~~g._teri. m~c tie.'-'u~ c.o.Linttc. ti.e~~,.~a·:·~-~ng lJ!C

t, ...chu~eµ_.G~_ab~~n;:p~ap... _ .... ,_,,,, ... ,_,.,,,.-.-',_ .·
J .Ph~i:i,P.ii:~::Hw~:~iri'r~ririi'cr·,~i~ii· i:~~x~· ~u6r qua trin1J ton .rai
J' c:u~:,~;~i~,~.,~,~~;tj~.~::.;·. >,,, . :<,;~ .~, ·:-~' .1; . . ,.\:1,'..,~.,, . ;:, ·.. ,..,,.., ..... ..
l Phai.phudigp·v.Oi (;litiu 'lci:~n ih~c ~i-d~·c;6 .~1'1~. :v.~n ..d~Lng
·•! cl trCJC. . • '· . - .,. · . : . • . , '. . ,
~l "~' 'e

·). . -P~~iJinh d¢ii:g •:n1rch. t'ffig:·vol.cq _che'v~µ ·hanh trogg ~l:rng'' ·

thi)h.k;y,: itanii g,6 h6 clip-tb,.tfa:hanh b:~~g nliung:bi~n phap qi.la
cu. the·, • •. ••;• ;, '; /~ <'" . . .•
$:5~ 'fl:l.O:~ n~n. dui ~rl. c~1ri,tf sach
-~~~ d!fl.h:~hai·tl·<)'.p
. .
duy: fAchJnfr",.s'folr
"'· . .. . .
'
c;;o. f nghta void
. ~· ;. :~ ; . . : "

-·· ......... ~-·

69
...........
=·~t::i~i~~~ii±~:i~~;hi~~r:.·
thanh nhi~m vt;;t.. t5.6ng t.hCfi:giup·:Nha~inlftfp,.:-&fai :~~~'g"r~::.~i!rn.. ' : .
~~-c.ngu<Sn.J11i:; cbb:-t,hyc:. ifii ·~hfrfh··sacn~ !N.g~ru:'!.a,~.~~~c··-~a:c-· ·.~··' ··,,
ttfnff1na1 n~ir i:fily 1:t1 <;:I1tQ'.h ,s~~fi. .·con cuii'.g :cs:·CiU-gc T&i~~Yiii
c:,i.ia nguCtl ~hvc thi c~qh sach;.vaq Nha.-:ntroc:" va con. ghip bQ .:· ~"
chu d¢ng tham.gia th.t,rc hi~n chirih·sach .vl1gi·kh.cui'.chfnh 1 -·
m1nh vacua .x~·h9L ThbLh~n :cluy :trl·~chfnh·sach.:·phv, thu9c: . :
Ian vao vi~c th!fc. hi~n .~IJ.c.deti. chrnh sa'.ch, n'€it. miJC. tli!:u ~·

chfoh sach la mrerc mil.t. co~-rhi! 4~~-h :hrqng du<;)'c·ttii:.~61 Ji~

... ,, . ~ • • '..... ~~ ......i. :;

duy 'trt chlnh sach se rigan rihtt chll}h sat~ bio h¢ hang san , .
xuat trong mrac,:.ch!nh.:stch trq:g.i'.1. . n6ng"'said1~:g ho~c.; T,uy .
vi~c dlf tfnh th~f ·h~ duy trl :clilrih's;abh.;l~ kh6. C:Ifinh. x~c;
nh1tng· ccing dn Ct{ c~p · trong': n¢i dung:.·diJnh sa.ch. 'Tirrang ·
hqp th~t kh6 khan, 66 th~ ·xac afnh qua c~t chrrang trl:nh, dlf
an Ctf th~.
7.
···'
.D~ co du(;t(! tn}~t c~fh,h $ach r6t <;ac: nJ:i~ h()~:c~::djtjh phai :.
tien hailh -~ay d\rtj.g; tJ'li~t:~.e t1'.i.~o·;n~rt11.g each. khac nhau ;tuy . '. ".
theo tung:-d·i6u.ki~~ va.·kha:haitg . c~ th~. Ttong th11cte·c.~ m(}r 1.....,
phuang ·PhaP ho~ch djhh chinh ·~~<:.h. }ia,Y dU"gc.-~ir d\!ng ·sau · · .\ ·
d~y: '
i 1...

7.1. Ho~¢h:dinh chfnh sac1' ~heo; phliong phap ti_e'n "

hoa '·

'

70 t1
f •
~ ~
 ' c.ao, tir chira, hoa...1 ·thi~ri oen ho~. thi~n c~a m9t tlwc tp.~.
', TrPirn.:b.o~Gh:a1nh chfah.'sach, tien hoa dU:gc xem Ia qua trlnh
:· hOlt~ thi~~ frIU'.Ong.:X;uyeq; lien t\lC· ca<:; chfnh.sach··hi~n CO d~
. dap ·urii:r nhu .du phac tn<fn ria'ay .ca~g cao ctia doi 'song xa.
0

•J "" • ,Q . .t:il -

·'~ ;)f. hOL Hoa:ch .dinh chlnh"sich .rheo:mo hl'nh tien· h.04, th!J'c cMt
·:~i h(~ay ·:a~n~·· ·;ne/~ ;~hf~: ia~h".ttt~~. tren ~.o·sCJ ;·cua :nnlI11i ch1nb
.;: .r~::~I :.:f;ff~: . ~~· ·tg~.}~~. ;~~~~:~~~§).f:~·b ~h~~~c.9~ffii. :~~c~:r;Uf'ton t~i va
i:ih'it:liiiy/ta.'6:.u:u.ng·~~6r '.ca&.am-f"·.tirtlng:'~clllrih.·;sa:cP, .. cho.,'.de:n ;khl
~:. ·:.rl·~ai1'"r~~ii~'1&a~j~Jrtiy~·w(g~~~t:~~~.~~*qi'~~f ·~p;~~k~¢t .c11r~h
.J~f saGh l~b.ac cao hcr11, .dat:~u va' }§~~::d~t~.14g~,·,Ph.·f:~h.:;~~7h xoa
P.~.
~i · ', :r~i. . :d~tl':;Jcbi!fi~'.ti9t~0~
c\9L <;.httdri
1
~;.~9-~:~"Al'.~tiq~g:Jia?i:;~µh!lng
·~.,:: ·~:,v-~'~ ·.~·-:~.::.. ~ .. : ·'" :.;:;:l;.·:1~;:.f-:::.;:1-.J~~~; 1:io;.r"~"'}i;1.·~·t:1.•··•·'-'·'1i:·:.,."• :
(:<·': 1
.1

.i~: h<? '-:a1t~~~hu~~i$~au~~~:n~~~p.~·&~C:o\ctimli;. s·aBli:i~iaili' !,{gjjeo ":~trng

.,~
I· . htri!1pg.J~ci;.gi~1:ii:.:chinh sach';1a.rri :giau ,_.djeo . hJ.~pPg .
b.i,r¢cf'.thep
d'f~~·:~~gh~o'1 i~·-dh~rili:·~~6h. .dugc h·o~clr r:Iiri11. rh~o miri~lriH:h6'n
.~ ho;i. ·.Hq~c .gb;(~h. ~~~.11,:htip,'.t~~ ::x~\'.,.:(HTX).J;ac:~:caq. ~ono- .· san
~ ·*:~~i:"~§~€-:;~e~~;;f~~~2~~;:~~~~~~;,%;#.~W~r#f.ii.~~0s~¥~9~~~6b'Yre
r.
~k ligpJ~t#.P:'~ir.aie:~?v~:,jneh"fli'~'.(HfI'.X mai,ban''.1Jlt¥il/p_u-g~. h(l.a~
tha~.lri:U-;:cac: cb.lrih;.~atih HIX da.·c6. I ' '

I··
l
;i;iitf~i~~Iii~~:;~:=;::,!:~::
.: .,..ef-r~tdci.*#1 di.ti!~ :ch'.t:phf ~~9~g::.sµq..v.~ ii6p ·cua.·:c],10:119 ~¢.h
.·;""'.:t,: di°'h.:¢u-rnn. s~dt,...., : ·. ·· -· ·· · ·

.l :,h¥i~1~!~~~?i£~4~1~6~;;~ fi~i ~•Weiay

r"

r.
· --J~rilin:h;c~:6ng i1trO:c''.h~mJ1anh,

!!OAa lY
.:·

J
.: '" to
~
t·
T ~.
 ~ ....... ::
'." Tuy :nhi8ir, Jheo each bq#ch ~jnh.:::nay !C:iing1v.~p ·ph!r ::
niq~ so trc: lg,c.~fl..g; . .. . .. . . . .(. ;; . .. . . -. ' .
....
· TTrir-nii.~c•.·ch1nn~a~:~~~r~¥q~il'd~cif;d,!nn·
, '.'I<.'. •· •. " . . .. " •
iffe~»:nio
. ..••. •'
·ljfrin
••
:•
ti~n h0a th11ang.kli6ng>~~~ r.a--nh.lxrig. bi~1t:'di§i:lor1,· nh~g· buac·
·"ngo~t. Iam thay doi b~ ·ril~t xa h~.i~ · · . ·; .
...
yj;rr. /rai ·h~n che::'•tmh tifinf·d¢ng•. ;f)ing. t~o· c~a.· d. nha
ho~ch d}nh· chinh. sach'-Ya .d:otti.t41tg:_:th11c·rhi c~inh .~ach.
Tiu} ba chinh sic,~..i.li6-ith11<ing: ·1.a:.· bi tl~rig ·v-a t6n t?i·
kh6ng li!u. · · .
Do nhlffig h~n ch~.cua:·m~'hirih ric~h h~a, cat ,ri:hA 'h,o~ch
d!nn chlnh: sach :da:fim ·den:m6 h1n"Q s~ng ·t~o. hem con gQi la
mo. hlnh d¢c l~p~ · ·

7.2. Phrrang phap. ~oach . dinh. difofr:saih. ·Q~9·c'I~ p

' ' ' •· ·I'• • ' ::~ •;: •. ~" ..._ ::· ' •• •

' Khac- vcrt phtrong'·~p~ap :tiifo. ho~ .. :~o~ch r!Jiif(chfnh sach ...'
d9c ,l~p cho r:a do{ rih°iing: chfnh. sach; me1i ehtra4rng•'t6n t~· !'

rrong rhgc ·te. Cach tmg'xlf-iheo ;cJ:Unh ,sach. nay tnit®g; rinn.·te.
hon chlnh sach :dang· i6n:·r~i ca'.v~.m!Jc ti~u vit h1~a· P.hap, v1
,.,.
cac nha ho~C:h ·d!rih kh6.ri·g l:i{I~· th~·~c·vao nhung;chinh sach ,;.

i ..
hl~n co, h9 d¢C. l!ip nghlto_ cthi .. m~,.nlqh, ~6'ijr~~ . . r:cr so :
nguytn -ty, khoa ·irqt ya_.~ng :t~o/frong q.u~' tt1n-h>nghren cuu ;
·~;·
-
xay dvng mo .lilnh m~i, :Cac' rih~·; . h;o~d:d1i~h:'*~ng:Jon chl ·i·
;

cac quy IU~t v~n dQ"ng·: kh~ch: q:ua:n tf.a~~:'.m6Fquan: Ii~ ;tMr;
I
(.
!~
ch~ng giUa. cac
bucrc)i:on.g. ti~'ff:.trlnh ho~~h .djnh c~1~b··sa;ch •j .u
.

'\la gifra chinhs.aeh.vm:m6i:trtr~~g:t6ni~i:..... · ··

Ho~ch dirih chinh sach :iheo
·

-m6 ·hlnh· d¢c ·l~.P cling co r

nhiing ·U'U, hhU'cyc di~m.saU·~ . •. ~
l~

72
1·
1
1
 ~ ~ ~ !. .. ~ . .,;. • ., ·' • ... ....: • ... ....... .,. ::-. .... .. . . ••

,.. :J:illµg~.,.{li~m.Jqu .nh~t;,q:µa: mo .'hlnh,·:;nay~·1'¥ thql gtan

• .; • • • 11

. . .
'. .·;~;~~~~~:~~{~:'.~~~~::;·,,:~:; :~:.:.~~<::~;;,~:~. ;'. : :~;.:.~, . j:.·:;::!~ .·~?~·:·.:'. . .-;;.~:~.:. . ;::· .
. ·•·:·i;:::·'t:J?,f?..9.h~Afi::S~9.Jl·1J;u:tt~.~hua;~tu.ng<t0tr'~l~t-rgng_th\rcte.-nen
k.~RJ~~~.).1-;~~~;:·. .:;fr . . .. .:. '· ;, \:· . ·.:. . c:·· ,:,_. •._ -•.,, .·:.:• .

. -:.. ~:Tqii liem.d·&:phly~ '.dat~~n'.:Wan Hrc 'ya tat clifn:t'. . .

'~;~~,M~;.; '~:.- ~·.:·~::::-, ~,:~-::·~.1.:i~~:... : :,~:i.1~~·,,.~;_,~:~~~~·~·:!, ~~H' ·.t,; ~··.,.-. ;. •
• .... , ..,, .• ..; .. ..

· "" Co•·thE;,.g,ily~;;<1;a 'lr9rt·tqp v.~ ·tq 911.:q!= tb,gs. tl;tt r;hi~h . !J.acn.

~•g~~l~'t~~~r~~-,!e~~:;h~1~~:.~~
·cilµg;,kl~<;i~g.'ph~l 1K nh6; rµ\atd~ vo~ nh~n'g.-chii the co nang
114~:--'hq~~P. . 411.lh," i;#tnJl; S~G~; pl\u;a- ~,aQ•. M6· hlnh nay ·thtibng
duo,c.:rhtrc~hien
~· ='· • : .... •
&':iihttiitr
• . ".o
n't!oi:::;ohaf:id6n, . •'•*" ·.:Ji. ........,, ........... .

73
~. ..
hqp
. · Hat µ1tr 'fi1ii!l-:tr~~-:d..u&hg:: rth\r ·6~;~~fiil~. ~-:.,~5tQ.c di~m· · .
trai ngtj'gc' nliiu., vl' !~( '~~¢ p.h~·. ~,lio~~~..'~il.h 1chfnh: s:iich· da.: ·.
~~~§!t:.~.~:.kerJ1w.:~$Mi:f~t:?~~~P~Ytµy~:.tQ't~~ri:.Mt~~t::n-i·u}i·:·.
di~m, fo~n :ch€.nlitfbg'.t!:hii~t':di~hi," l{hi ity. oO'frlg tn.6 h)nh dunh
~ach. Do l~ mo ninh~hdh hQJ:i.
.. 0

Khi thv.c- !il~n :m6 hlnh:,h&n .h<;tp;. caj;,:-,tili~(-1ho~ch ·dinh :.:

chihh sach cati ph!n tf¢h.t{c ch;lrih s[Cl1·~~-~n cttd~tlrri dtrqc ·.
nhU'ng di~m uu. ~u nh~i d~ ke't iii;tp: vai:,~{t .qu.a:t1m ·kiefu .mo ·
hlnh th~o nguyen ly, nl:I~ ~a)' ·Cil!ng du«ifc mo hlnh m61 dap
ung yeu'- ca'.u quin ly· cua·chii th€~ .
Can- cu· vim trU, nhuqc tjf~rn..c.ua.GaC WO ,hinhjr~n va aieu; .
ki~n "th!Jc te-.cua m81!4u6q gfa~ ca:<: Nlrf ;U.oc chu'-d9ng :tva
clign cho mtrih mtf hlnh nt)~ch·, d;ii1h· chfnh sach th!ch hqp. ,.
nha'.t. . . .. · .

cl ·m¢t :so-:riucrc ·p\i:it: trtf~~ ngireir·fa·.<co:n: atr·a.-.ta rt~ung .·

each tht!c .· hoach ..dinh chfoh sach theo ·cct; c[~ ~:futt~· tieu (itr
m1:1c tieu. chu~g: ho~i;h: ·d-!~4:.-·cftlµh, si6h ~hb ·d:c· fri#c: tleu C\l
th~. ttr muc: ti~u cu ·th~· hoach.'dinh" dio :muc ti~u.:cua'.··cac
chuctng_ trl~h v.v~ ••}.·t~~o ly·J~~t.ua:.~ti~;h~~hhtfnh{theo v! ft! ..
va.thlfC te (Ylra.:h'b~ch rljrt~;: y,lta di.e_u:.truhh);, h~ftn tpan :thee
thl!C te'·(xult phitt llr 'riguy¢fi. VQ~g cua cac; ·tili6in l'Qi-.lch trong
xa. h9i). Thgc di~· c:lg,y chi :l?. cadi pbiln 10~ v~ pll~ang ph~p
ha~ch dinh cilfnh sa~h ma thoL ··-"' ··

.. " ..:--- .. ~
•• ,i

·::···

74
 . . TBAOJ..UAN
cAUH(JI .. '"'
cR.udNa
.~ . 2
 ·!'-

....

.. C'ffiidri-"
... ,.... JJ. :J •.
~ ' '; ··~~ ·:· ... \ ~ .
. :·,- .. " ' ......... ~ '
~: . ' '

TO: CHUCTHtfC.:TrU
' ':~
, '~'
CrUMH '.$ACH' G'ONG
; ' ' " ' ·~·
, • I :' ·. ,:, ,·'• '•'.•-v.;'L ', f ,t:,' I ' ' ..:·: •' • ' '

i. v1 rRf,
.CbNG .
t NGHIA cuA 1-B:trc ·THI cHtNH sA:cH ·~· ·
. . .. . . . :·

Theo nguyen. ly ti:iiet'Ji.f:>C, x.ung·qu~li :chun~ ra· Ia. de

d1tng v~.H:hat ton t(].i'·~iich:;quan V.~fnhfrng.t~hi1c::nang nha'.t
d!nh. Chuc nang11a;t~p bgp ~hilng -ho~t ~9iig:.c6. m\1c 'dfoh g~ti.. · '.
voi S\J'. .ton. t.P, va· pnattrl~tf'cba:· ·tll~¢ th~·theo'yt;ti.,c~UCUa dai·· '
song xa h9f, hay n6i 'ffi:RF ·deli v~rt tit: C:hfic .~ang t~lf do t6n:
t~i dta ca'c d~ng thtfo>v~t.cliift nbar ·dii;ih,.· Ch~nh ~a·~h la·.m9.f.
d~g thuc v~t chit d~c:bi~t::rien M·cfihg·:C~p tht!.ciJtl¢ri:'n~ilhg:·
chi!c nang. ~~:ton t~ ·Song muon 1hw::. hi¢n.du:qc.:: chrrc nang,. -,.
cbinh. sifoh ph~i" thafu gia Vao q!:la trlnh. V~n dQ.ng 'ilhl.l'. cac ·V~t . . ,
ch:§'.t kMc. Nqllfa
- v . ia:· sau. .'"'.
khi - -. ban
;.... ha.nh! - _., - .,,_, s'icb
-- ··- ,... diinh - . - - tihii
~- ' . ' ·dua~
."' . ~.~

tri€n khai thu.c hl~n tr¢nK.,dCii:SQng. xa'h¢L Do v~y. i6' cht:i'c

· th!fc rhLchi'.nhsac.n la ~~tyei.(~hach·'qu.C!:U df,duy trlslj u.fo·t~i .
cua c6rtg Cl:l ch!nh·sach thed y~ti. dh.1 qu:an ly. c~a Nh~·ntfOC.Va. .
~~Q11.g1~ 4~.~~! rht.t(!tJ~tl.~~:~,~,g~~fhJ!ih,~~ch.·vaJ:.~!Q~:!tid~y ·::·'~
nay c6 th~di den khlil ni~m v~ t(S: chitc·thtic t:hi ~hi'.nh·:sa:ch ·~
_{ .
S3:U dil.y:
1't
'.J.
~ ....
... , .
1

l
76 :
.
77 ....
·~· ~~-
 .• ~ . ':t:<. ;;: ~ .

L3.E u giat .df)~n hiilli::.fi1J:,:c;.~niLs¢'t::iP tita/t~h.i·~at~1:~:: :!. ·: .~

th.Uc · .. , , ·. · . .~ . ~· ,., '. · · ...·• ·

. . .Trong . g.uA~: J9;·.c)1~~.:ltit~J}:}i~h;,kirt)?;:ti°:~hl~~:'tl~~4.h:·:~h~n·

ho<J.t d9ng ih~o.:¢0- ¢h~:·it1l. :~tr?;ing:. c6,:~:~!rih ljttang/Xij¢b.fi}Sth'a l.
l
·~-~~~-p~~f .~~i -~~~V,~icnhi~~·~~~!ft,1£i:~¢~·~~~~~~~~~:,~~·a.p:•:, -~
G:6 nbOng d0i.ttrQ'ng:911~;:h~;:Y,ui.Nh:ati~dcJ~':do#.t i>:~f:~ih1:11hu.
l·\ · _·"
.f~C· c16i ttrqng thu9c·tllanh.iph~~··Jdrih 'te.Nha·iitiCi~_;".c6, nhihig I ... ., _ :
'dol tm;rng ma ti.ri:h chal so:hilu:,gan ym scfhlffrlfha iitr&, .d.tic;tc' ! ' ' .
Nha -nucrc ke't hqp ·vat th'fuili 'phiin kirili .t~:Nh~ nttcrc ·~ixiy \
dlfng·thanh nen tang:cua n~n kfohte"v.v~ .. 'Trong h~ th6'~g:cac l.
thanh·ph&i h:i~n c6,kinh:tt'Nhati,ti"ac giu v~i:trO: ch~ci~o-.Do ~
d~a Vi chinh-fr!~'"kiilh ie1'-xi h¢i Va ph~p ·Iy tila ·iiffig. ii6i tu~g, l
thu¢c cac thanli pliiin nay khotig gi6rrn·hhau, nen vai tro cua\
l
cht1ng d61 voi s11 nghi~p phat tri~n xa ·h9i .a mr&c ta ding. khac ·
nhau." D~ ph:it .huy tac d1;1ng cua cac !16Ltrrqti-g· tran~ qu~ tr1nh
v~ d¢ng· den m¥c tieu,. Nha ntrac c.6 thai:d9..Urig x.i'nn¢r cai;:h
th,fcb hqp vcri m5i van, 4i phat sinh. thu~c cfo tbanh. phii°1.f Itjnh . i.
te khac nhau.. Trong quan"ly :x~ hQ'i, c~Z!$ ct_! dui;rc~Nha nlfc?.'9 l'
dung a~ chtiy~n tai thai d~ i!ng XU clja rn!nh .den cai: d6i . i
mqng qu~n lf la c;:h'fuh sich. Tuy theo_'y~u 9~u.guan ly p,h<tr l
trien ni!n kinh te, Ci ti:rng thai ky; Nha riuac. c;tu. dc)ng bari hanh ·1 ·
cac ch1nh sach d~· th{hi~n y chlt.hJt~g qu. a.n·h~ v6'i oac th,anh . '"'_·
phiin kinh ~e theo djhh hu6ng~ Nlitr v~y,· co th~ n6i, 'Ihl/C thi :..·.
ch!nh sach la iiai do~n bien tpfil d¢ Ung xU' cua Nh~;.mroc V6'i ·.. ·
cic: a·Oi m~ng quan l.;y· (h'a.yfdo c.~f~h sl~.h)'thanhl;.i~n thvc: .,,~ ...
· 1.3.2. T.6 :ch.ltc thifc;~tliI- itMiz:h:·sifoh ~dt:irLiii; ~'f(uc-•tJ:.Ffc ~ .
hi~n cac nzt5c tieu. chill.h· s.dth va.·:nt't/c-ii_e'µ ~hz~ng ;'
_i'J!l;l,~_H~~ chfah ·s~&h ~6.Jle:n.~q:uan~d~IJ"~-ihiiu::ka~i~<l(in~ J·,
~l.

n i~
ff.: .
. .f'.~··
 :·)~~.:ih.fnh tri, kiqh te, xa h9i th~c. i:?\hi:tng cap d¢ khac. nhau, ncn
:i~:kb.:ong tlil: CUng ffiQt· lUC giai Cf:Uyet :tat c.a cac ·Van de CO lien
r~, qu.an~a.c.iing:.khong:~h~ dot chay giaido'}.n cua moi qua trli1h.
l T6 ch(r~ ~h!fC t~i chJrih sa.<;;h a.~ gi~i quye't cac Vall de tron-g
f rp6i quan he? bi~n..~:a-(rng voi ~1;1c ·tieu.q1 ban nhat cl~ thUc di.y
·1
~
q'lta·tf.iiih~v1lfr1.it6nfi¥.dl'.i'~"'cl
.. . \ . i • " ....~ " .......
Q. : .. .• · ·~ ~.
he .ili:8ri&:f(i~ri::.inJ~:r.u·eu:
·.• p. . ... . . ,chung: . .vr
t d~Yiv1~15t:rf~kti~~i!J~t~tit:JtiitH"t'€ ~~it *6¥\1u~2· u~~g t~"ia_c
.., .......... .. .rl:··· ·•.:..
:~·"·. ···~ ~-
;~i~b
.·.-..;. ····:·· •:
,~·.;~·rit.::, ..·.:"..· ., ... ~ ...... ~:..-".~" ~~·r"~·
.~ frong .:;1.
'..cll'.O'.ng·~nrifr·;cfirnhH.ti''(tnong qil~~r.tr·t:>aF lieii IJanif fo~n ·
: ...

·: ·¥!;j~~¥:tt?~~~~~~~ffillf~~ti~;~;
46·.'¢9: ,$h'frlfo;.sacI:N1~m.t(g)~1.1A~hd nh'a.~·~'~ii"·va';Xia.'·n9L, Nhµ ·'cfiu
cua co.n,p:gtiai Ja to'aQ.,~di~n,:~ho~g;phru chi ~ftn tliqa rri~r(ve
·~~hE~Ift.,·!~~!'.\~f.;J.11;N.~,~!,,~CJrrn).,d.!f~~~,.~~q,r~.Jlf . ~.a.f:'.?.c;i~t 49.;ig kinh
Lt th6ni;; qua chfnh.:.sach lam giau, ma dm'.I:~t.,~~.ftc.~c ~nu. .c;~_u
ve chat. N.l~µng .\:llli,qg Ja khoiJ,g. ~I~~ c,µng·m9K N~ daP. ~ng m9i
·r111u di~ Tro·~·~. ~:if~u~?kfgri\~ '.'~6(cn:a~:~o"~ittri~ri:} _r)·~n d ta xac
":~·!.~:: ..;·;:~:.:- :~·.i:i~i· ·.:!Z~~:;. .~~.~:l?.l\{;;'i ~1.~·;~·~ ·.. .:i.·i~T:r; ·l)~:r~,; tit.;~ U~:t:.,.~..·f-!~'! t~~:~. -!.;:~,.!?.. .~ ~ ..~: '.t:I:
91 q.~ :m~tn,;,.gJJ18~~~q@.li,'..pa;f.~.;#~aR;:~1~M.; n.~Y., :trga,·.~~Lf~e.rt,. c#.ri .·:fi,Mt
. i~1~'ri'k!'iiff~t~"'i:ft&i •!•"&fi::r~~i'iffii'a~rin~::c;~0. '];J;:·i6d~~a· nhi~ '.db',
1

t~t:~ict3;\1ai.:-:'r1W~~";::'-i\~~~r\'1;";: . ;:," :>~~: .~~J

-,, ..• ,•... ,. .. ..,..... 1.,n:;, .,,·~.,J... ,)arri.. ~Lrgn,c t ....1
.~:-~.;; :~ 1~·f-;F§~'· ··:,::·!:'~' :<l:ari .
µ ·f'-Y ..,.8 .... ) ....
.-.~·t.~ .. k~· tt~~~:·r~>t"~\·;!• .':..tS..t~.'I.·::;..· 1;.:;;P:.~~..;;.,;...~<:>·!;; ...... .,1;;.: 1i.:·.;.?.. '• 1•..Jt.t.:..i. .. 1.!J~!.~ · 11'1.:.:·::
XHG.'f::·Bf t· ··: · ···'". · ' :te~r- · :rlonci:lucih'' ·:'"a ;cac·hba1
··t·' ,.,,,t;,;.;J•:

.~~r;::. y~:\· ~,. ~~~~:: ~~E~ ·~ ?1:;..M:..: .;:r..i:;i;~~-}!.tJ·~..; :·~~~:~ ~~:-} ~µ, ,r> ~ :·:.;:.~.~ · ! ~".:·.!~,:.i:
1:: !' .;;:: ·
. o¢n.a:.:cmn:h\tr , . a ·~:x:a/iioFhu ··--·1t.oi":in!.I: eii toa..•i:·~i~n

...

·::qho~,<lii')iiioc:' Tt-Ori:'.g ;~~9i' 4~i;p~a.b;i'fi~n/Icin.li-:ti: rr.l thuc nhu

. :hi~n ·na:y:.':ng:~r(fi.;~~:; p1i%~ :~~<tt,-lfi}f. #§ Y~rl~:l;J,d~· ¢1);0, na11g. llfC
... ·.· 79
 chuy~p:. man. ·g1oi':·,a~1'·~~~ -~'it . Y~ ·g,~i:··:J*~g.:.,4·~~¢.~· ~~fi6i1l
thu~t, .cong . P:gl!:~·,. Iii~rt·d.l!f: vaoderi .:s:~~g:.icinlt:te .,,..xii .,iJ:~ij,;;;mm ·
.po th~ lam ~gfau::,..Gh9i~nh x~.iillQ:.~&.Lmrl!i;,,,iIJilt~..Jl iics: .ch.o
·thay, mtJ.c.. .ti.e.u chlnh.:s~hh~c.!tt. c:6::tht~~t.:dttQ'~ th<>tjg.·q:ua:0£hl:(c
.rhi ch!nh sach, d6ng .tb.M .gifra qa·c. m~i: ·tltu ~cb:(.rih :sicil' c-0 .......
quan h~ ·ch~t Cb~. attJt·hUbtig rattlO'n den:"nh.a~ Vadtn:ril:l;lC tieu
chung. ; ·
. 1.3.3. 'tliijc thi cht~h sdchla Jtkn.inc.d!12h,:.ttii,hdung
da;n:ua chtrlh ~d~h. . ; . .. : . .
TU' khi P.Mt.hi~nttg~y :ri.lifhig :mau.:_thu~n:.q~il.4il'9:~giai '
quyet b~ng d~!nli #~h 4ii· cho thly:·iifiliidung··d!l'.). . ~iy:.kho~g . ·
cua van. tte' chlrih. s.ach~.' v!tn.\ie
' . . .. s.t~h
blllnh
•' . ,.
hr .no
.~
ohln iuih
. da:·..•.
~...

nhu .du Cd ban",C,Ua xi 1l9i v~ vi~c gi~Lquy~t.,mau thu~i;l :p_i;iat .

sinh. Neu "ciu .d6 Ja; chfnh .d~i~·g:1 :btic 'xu.c;:. . ~~~. d,1iQ'9 ap
nhu
·d9ng d6 xa h¢:i t~:n 't~l..pnat'frMn lhl van -d~ ohfrih sach d:UQ'~ .·
coi Ia diirtg d~n va, ri:guqc·:l~i. Sau. khl. tt;ta .9h9n:dung v-.tn de
chfnh sach,. vi~c. quan tr9rrg ~iep thep )a }l~~ch djnh· chi'.nh
sach dung. Chlnh soich cb:iri.g"o!n la ehi'.nh stch:dap ii'.ng. ¢!au du .
cac yeu cal.i (tieu. churul} cua .m¢'t ch!tih,:sach t6t d~Ldttqc t(irth
bay achtrang 2.Tuy nhien m~t:chinhsad1 sau:khl hp~-cb. d!nh
dl!d'C coi la ·t6t thl\di :tti,.:cua no ·cfl:O,q cfij mdl dfr~'!i, lai :(J
·ph~o~g di~n ng.uy~Ii--v~n~, ~ong ~~o;m:a thOL:Tfilh:th·u~n
m\fc .~ua c~J'.~h;~~cl:t..!1 g)~t.~~~~-r,i.~y.:;~!ni..1:1!..oL~~. ia- ~·~~~~a
nh~n cua chu. the. ban ha:nh· chillh s~ch.. ·M¢t. khi chin1t sach
4t!<tc tfi~r1 k!!aJ ~lfc li~~!i~~ni. ra.i tt<:iog.:4Cti. s9'!!8 ~a .b9i~ t~l .
tinh dung din d1ir. nO:dugc :lchlng dirih ;b mrk caq hon, rU'cJa
d~qc ca. xa hgf thtra nh4n, rthat 'Ia cac. doi· tl1'Qrtg: thQ. hr.tong
chfnh sach. ·---. ..
i.
'·
80
l
 ,;..
;. ~:·
r~ I,3.4~·Qzta ~h{tc:, flit gJup"cho chinh sach .~glty di11g-
lj•• ..... ·, ..cJiini/
hod.rt " · .. · · ·
l·
1 ··i
,.,;t;iri1ii~.i.~·'t~~·)l~·~J:~tli1h:···du&~·h'in~,
·~..~p:.-·.·.. ~·,.-- . • .
d1i~i1··~·JcJ1'c.iu:gc 110.,1c11
~:·.

l .dinf1' bpi m()t i~tp lhe;·pcn khong ,thf t~:anh kho! SY' AIJ~ htrcrng
·•· } cu~~:tcJ:lJ;.9b.~;.r.uf~n~r~ij~n~?P.11.~i~g· ·¢1if~~fWti~Kt(~~t ·KillL 1i~~~-¥
.; ·d~rJ:.,g·µA~ii:~ri~;,h9efe.fy'.?~!~hj,~litii~\:;s~ch';::,ftrt?86ri.'A~<:~2~~· ~juu ·
~. :rihi,~.4 ;\!=! uj~ !rl!'!:b~pbli.ittif.ch;i. tltj:·;baoj :Jt[a ,1::~§if p~··'cp·=d"t!gc 'm\ic
·t tii.~·:,. bi~~ ·phip chirih ~4(;~; pF)·~:g:fth~i.!,pi5.c :qu,ittf1iikkfoh. ~c~
t x~_..h?f. i.~\)~~~~.~. ;~~~~'~i~:~P::~,?.~:·J?f<i,\·!~4.eni,~.f.OQg;kh~.phin.l:
.l
~.:,: . su~h :ctu:gc·_hcf~tdf d~·~_g l~(otf<_1. . :<;:hµ;ye.t1 .'¥§..() tfilf.~· V'1!1g .c1-1u. men
tr~b~g s6ng·:v&:.c6.
·_-:~ . ·~ \~
'kfioliri~:ddi.-kh~t
...... .. .... :• ;';• '
·16-~~~'~
;-·"··~ ~
1; ......
rhai..gian
.. :.
:k6 ti:r khi
.~ ~:~ '*~. .

~·
hoach oinlfden""IU2:'to\:hi.1c
• ' ~ /' ••• •'
"tlii:rc tbi' Do anh 'hu0n° .cua ~ Y· chf
~ ·.~~ 1~~,., t.\ ......·» •".:.,. • ..........~,:" .,.·.::;:.:-:.~ · ....... ·:0'•.~.
••

·r · chu-:qfr~r(Y,a s'tf::y~~·'·-~~t'9µgj>hilC'.lf.i~i1".i;:M, ¢..¢i ,lrl!Si-!H~J~~n.g_ilra.

l· cb..irilii ~.ucff~-v~;~iHUt~'t~~ili' 11¢{:!irb~g~gi~i '£i'o1;;'·£6.'chtic th9·c .rhi
f. chtJ.c c.hlln '.cd' kh9an:g C~Sh Ca~ .d U'!;1C ,lap ·q.~y. b.~ng· J!~~~g .cl ie U
1· ch~.ri~.~Y,~_~J?;~n~~;~~~-:~~~:~cu~~~~ 11·.'rP.if~ ?t~~s~f~yc.~~h!: €~[P 11 e:'.(f
·r• . sach: ::Nnifn°·iafe"ii~:cb:rnhl.:b6::sli'ii.;·~vG·i11Uc·'t'fe'd':fi~
.. ' ... ,............ ~ .......... · •.• •.. • ...... l:> ... , • .. • •
·· l-i1tn':':· hif. .
••.•• Y...........P,. ,~Ji ..
·;r. . .chi.nh~is~frh~'rbd';,:::g~li~~iii~w;1tfti<f;;.:fi{1 ~;::c:Jiti{ft-l'[·'tfioii"t.;ctdri'~?tfoafr -
·J'. ciliri~:~·~1i~~i~,P-lit~iif:zl!~k~~i.~~i£z~~~:¥&-::;;§p·,,;~P·~:i1i~ . ·d'~g.:':/Jr:: ~~rnh ·
:j
~·I . ... '•·\!- .~t ·~1~ ·~-""~ ...:f•:.~
.p .
"¥!!~~\" -~~o,~~~tjj;~i!t~-,):'.i::chlnh~lii>h'1'Y .-au:··
....... ,,-:, .. ~.,~~·.-·- \;I:, • ,., , •

. ·' ' -· · ·: ·
~

,.1. 2. cAc BUGie TO CHGC-tHVC,.TfH CBlNH sA~I-1

~ • -·~·~ ... ~ • • •<·...
!..... ·:~~\f.; ·J~,::· ... ~:.·.-.• ~~...-::: -:· - <: ·Yi· .. -~ .. -~ ....:.. ; --~ ,.. '·
1

! f?e:··faf.11.· q~1~p' ~tg~&'.'_~~u;a:-:$J°~i,4~)~.n::.hf~r; x~!ic: i1Q(t.chfnh,,·

t .sac;h u~fr::.eac -.s~f..'.~µ~i;.C)i'4a :rf.!-fO~; -~itp· .cap "chTn11 ~.µyc,n' i:\jn
~'f .ph~crnfcdii'.':di8.'f51·~'('.q:~~~,ii@:··~i}! ~t~~ ~rit::sao·.c~~n~~),uc ·\.6
. .:1; .l':tuk'tr.Iiin' kh~j :t!ttJc;h'.i~.n:i-ray: /DE:i,\~ cl'.l'~;s,.qi~~: ~1un1~..co ..11i¢.u
·- ·T ~i~-~~{t~l~J]l~~~;~~;;;;~~~ ~~¥f~;i~~~'':1t:~~': 6

. ..
J·
; •O
' .. . ~ ..
,'••

J~atic~ .81
::$
:.}
 nhung· .tru~c· tien afui tfrdn thu .c~c} . ~H·gc· t6 ~~a.t:-·1h~c··rM.:ccr ..· .
ban sau da~r; · · ·· · · ·

2.1. Xay dyng<ke ·ho~ch fri~n-::k~ii tnvc ·hi_~n dff~h .

d~ ' - ' .~ ' ' '

ra tto:~~!~!;;i:=::i::~~~!z ,·
.·chtrong .tt!nJr'. :d~ ·tac:.ei:t. 41.!.~n, ·:4h~\.,,n:rr&c >t~,f.ln '1'1l~i: th\tti;.hi~µ
chfnh .sach.m,9t.<;:a,q~ ch~·~Cr~~-gJ:ro~lQ_~h~ . . ' ' '
Ke hoifch tri~n khru. ih~c,'.thl ch~h' ~a¢h cttiqc 'x~y di.trig
tnr6'c khi 'dua.·chfuh ·sach v;i.o'~ctigc s6~g~ ~~ CO',;quan tricfa
khai lht!C thi chinh sach ·t~ Ti"ling ·ucfkg:a~n ·dia phtrmrg. a~u
phai xay dqng ki ho(!.ch, c4trdng td~h ·tht;o h1~n. J{t! ho~ch' ·
trien khai th1JC thi clifnh··sach bao g6'1!1:nh~zig nQi dung·cd brut · ·
sau: ..
KG.ho~ch v~·t6.:cf11~rc~ . . di~u-'hanh}·gom,Ji'hh~g dt.('kf~n ve·· ·
h¢ thong cac ca. quan; thii .irf.v1{ph6.i b;fu,:Jr.1~n;J41.tiith~<Hli~ri'
chin:h.' sach; s6 i'uqng va chat ltrQng':nlia.Il ~s\dh~ gfa t6 ch ire
thlJ'C thi~ nhiiiig_ dV'kie'n:~ve. tc:r.che trach:n.bi~m bua:'cart bq
quan ly va cong 'cht1cthljc thi; ctf ch~_ ta~ d¢ng :ghra ~a~ cap
thl!C thi chfnh SaCh~ .
Ke hQ~ch cu~.g·:c~p. ¢a~ '.Q.gtt6~ y~~ 1~9:. g6m dg .ki~n ve·
cac
• .
CCJ sb ki~n tr.UC~ tran~•thiet bi kJtiti.l'.8.i i'.iliiJc.:·vu
. ~ . • . " - . . . ":" ii. ,.!':
.
chc:i 16•
..•· •. ' J '.• ;·· ~

chrrc th!J'C' tµi cliitth sath; cac .-ugu&n lgc .ta(cbinh~ ca¢ v~t tl;1' . "
vari phong phfiln v.:v.... · ·
Ke: ·ha~<fli ~hbi .;gian . trMh· hli.attn~ii.. 'b:i~n.: .la. th! ki6~ y~ .. .
thbLgi.~wd~y~tri~~hfnJJ;-~~~h::;gv:· ~j~tJi·.~ap~~~qP:Jdj~h.it;:.t~M~- . . · · •·
khai thlfc hi~n tu 'tuyen .frilj~~·chftth s'acn dtn t0.f1:g; ti:et:'rut
·•
82
 .. f~·
~ .ldnh ngl1I?m. M~Lb.µoc ti.eu c6m~1~ tleu din.d~-it dtrgc va theri
~' gfan dy-k~~n cho vi~c u,Li;vc lii?n mite tieu. Co th~ dtF l<;ien moi
k
~ . p·· vcri ,rnqt: chu:ai1g . trlnh cl,! che ~ua chinh
bu6c chc;i. p)J.u ha.
~~ siich. . ·· . .
ist'·
.f~ Ke hoach :ki8m.' tr.;;r 4\5.n 46q-,. thrrc::rh.i ~hfoh ·sach: la
~t:; ·nhuri.~·:·,.tl~,kl~n~.w~ "u¥n ~d~: ·hlhb 'tl,1~c,".~h\t~~f{ph~P. ki~m mr
·... "'. '· ·"' ·-:- .~ ,. .. ..·~ . ··•:":' .· '.". ;. ..... , ... ~ :· ... :~~·...-~ . . ~~ ' . ·~ ...
.; f~:· ;g1atp:.SCl:H9.. qhuc~*1tc.::rl11'Grrrnh:sach~ ··· · · ·
~;. , ~;·:i)if!:ki~rii::rih'ua~,~~tiiuy., ·qt!y'che v~ t?,,9~~p.. Ai~.P. ~~nh;
lf
tracb\nh!em'·"·nhfem'%
\,. ·-v.e ·. .. . : .• .·: .:~. ~
/;;ia.'q..'.uy:'. ei nart.'.cifa ·:·can
:"'.:'~·.:,,. <'. t ... ··: ..
...b6 cone
·:-·1:, .··: '··· 'i<.• ·-, •• : ...... • ..... v

L ·cli1fo;:. va ·:q~c 'ca·,.q_µ*n:·: . nl'la. riir~p· ~h:~rn ~iii. t6 ql\¥c;: . 4i~.u)J..~nh

~. . . ' .... " ; .,, ......; ·:1.!11.~:; ' . •:. ~ ....... ~ ·..... .... . ~ .. ,.~7~ ·:-·· .... ·. .. .
·r · chin~:'!?~cn; ·ye ttkf~Wri, iPlla.ff'.k~~h ~iWP'f1:9._· ky Jµ?,.t ca qhan,
.~~ t~.p Jh~~rro~~.t6·::cJ.rt!i2::.th~C:Thl:·chiiih. i~chv:v,..
' . . . .,
·
,r . :Dif ki~11,'k€ li9~~h ih~~ thi cf,cap :11 a_o J:Io laru1.d.:}.o .~ap 06
·!. xem .xer"·t~6ng qua'.~:~au .,l~h1.ciirq¢:fa\:y.~~;. tifo~' f~~.ng. gii~,,.ke
i··-. ho~qlt ··t.h.lf.c· :.!hi. ~lfr:rtk:,~~i::li; rdan:g·:~· il~~ ·ti:!: 'iJii.~i?')y i .P.i.rgc, l.Jl9 i
· f· . ·nsg9it¢h'iP!~a#~;'iF#~d. 1~i~~~ :vJ~~,'.~i~:~~¢.h.i~~~~e:;~#:~~h·,.~~P.?· :ci o
; crfp co}hfrm'>'i:J.Uy~i£1;tS6iig){u<tke:;ff6a'dh'\fhy¥dfinh..
7 ·.
~.. . . .> :~. :~.~~;i .~~.<-; ~ ~ ~. ~ ~- ·{:~:::·~·~;;-·.· "::h~/'/·,~....
.'t' .. ! .. ; '',.

.r .. ,, ~j.~; JJ1§ ~~~~?. ~H~~~Jr~~~l.!:.:~J~Plks..f;~*: .

, }·; , ~S~4Jchi ..b.&n~1~6 h;~ch t6 .ch.uc'thuc:»thi ·dJ.Ii;i:c:thong· qu_a,
. l ,c:fic ccr. qµa~ :n11~s:.n~iir~.:i~e.11. P,an~·:'t15:':ch~c' u~i~n.'l~hai .:iiiv~ ~i~n
·r~eo.'.ie(b:(;~.ch'... yi¢.c:. ti:u:oc ti~n.:qan·1a.rr; trong:qua :tr1rih i:iay la
· ~ .tuyen; -.sruy,en '.'{:~u· .al}11g .11hM ,,4~n th~ .·gia/thgc hf~ii .C:hfnh
:{ :!).iGh•.::q~~(l~ ffl,9t.'~o:~td§.~g.~.qJ1anc:tr9:ng;. ~6.,Y l).ghta i~~ ;~i ~ct
~. ,qµ~n,nua:Jt.vP:~ va. c~c.:doi:tl!'.i?:ni::tni,i:c'thi: ch:l~11. scJ;.ch. :J?:~0 bi.en,
~· ·;r :tT.Jy~i)t·¥Y-~i'l\cn~hA;,s.a:qh t6.(g~~·p:'ph,;i~ c49 <i{5hugng cJ:rfoh '.~~1ch
vi m.9L 11iucx~ 4arvth~m;g~f..1 µ;~<~1il)ue.~. i5 ve;n?:~c'·;dl'ch; yeu
., '
du c~a chfoh. sach;:' v~ tfnli·.diinct, dfu ~C'ui:CcJ:itiih s.ach:' trong
< ''' '• , •' ',,•,•'•'< '' M ~ •

.•.
~-
....;;
::
 ... "
·dieu kl~n holm. canh.:nli<li dinh va v~:··r:fh;h:'1clra':;hi~ Cii~: chfnh,
·.sacli••. : d~ ·h'Q,-tlfc:g.l<ic-"'ihl:!Q fit~:ti.·t}t~;cry~ti .ca~·:·(r6En· T)t i#i'a1'(·h~
nl!OC. Bong lhcri. con ·~gi~p'. c~o>mo!: oan·ti~¥:¢ori.g i'chttti·,t? :ii;rac!'t· . ' ;·.
nhi~m t6 cht:i'c thgc thi ,!llf~l'.l t:hitc.>diig,c,CJ;aY.:-:d)Ytf~h'e.h:~i. ·frl~l:i
·'' dq, quy mo· cua dirnh s~clt·v6l;dqi:~~l'.Jng,;a .h§.f·:cle chi) ··d{frig . . ....
tich. ClfC Om kiem; ca~ ,gfaip.~4·f.l }hich: h9,'p' •'thO. vr¢c 'tfn,rc. hi¢u . :
muc fieu chlith . .s~ch
~ . v~. .:!ri~ri. khai
. ' .. thi. co :hi~u
i'r1i!cf
hot~ch r6 :cht'k thtic hien chinh siich .dfrO'c alao.
.. . ntin ke· :
t.
.
• .. •·'' '; ... ...' . ' : .. • !"· - -

Vi~c
lam nay C'.?i:i :d:ugc rang.clf.b'ng ;:dill.I rtt· v~;ttlrtli a9
chuyen mon,.pharn.cliat.,c~jrl,}itJri 1 v~ tr~ng 'thiet.:bFky.:thu~tt..' ..
nhlim nunp; caq·:chat h.i'ctne; ui.vett:t1:i.1.,·~n Nan.don!!. TronE: thuc
• . .._ . . . ' ·:·· """ ' ~ - ,i·, .. . .. ·• • ' ......"-: '' '. ._ •

t€ co khong ft cd quuri.; dja phudng". dO thieu· ·n~~g.J~ t:L!yen

ll'tiy6n, v{m d.¢ng da ~iafn th:o chf.Jh :ihcfl. brbieri ~<,tng; l~un cha
long tin ciia:cia;ti ch'Ung v.ao Nha nuai:: . bj· ghlm sut. ·
·.... :...: ... .,

Tuycn truy~n, "\1~,11 di..)ng- 1htjc thi 'difoh s<kh :~fog(: tht!C- ·
hi¢n thlfqng xuyen: lien··wt: ·~e::<:::~, k'.hi··~hfrih $a~n d.ahg ·dt:rq,c
thi.'hanh, M m'<?i doi: rrr<jrig·dl:inuyen·i·ruy~h ht:On d'trqc cimi~
co long fin vao,chfrth,~ath-v~'~Ich:ctp.:·rhyc tµr'ch:rn,1,1 s~ch.
Pho bic11~ tt.rycn truy~'n di:fnh sdch·:b~ng nh1~u: lihih thuc:nhu
irgc 1'l~p tiep :'\uc, trao d6i vO-i :.c~tc tMf'.t'ttQ-ng fhip nli¥n: giun ""..
tie'p qua cac ·ph).1'.c:Jng ti~n ·th6ng tiii. d~i..chu.rtg: v~v.•. ~ti)' thee
ycli du .cua c.ac ca·
quifu qµdn ly1 ·:trnh ch-.ft c;:ua ttrng lo~i
chinh sach. vil.·t:li¢u kieri
. '... ·tu . . cfion.btnh
:... thcrma.' ,~i) thiE.. ltra· .. . thU'.c
·:
tu yen. (ruy~n; -v1).n·d9rig· thidi hgl.i .l

2.3. ~Iran co11g,.ph0Lhqp·thtjc hi~n.chfnh,~acfy, j.

Bir&~ ti'tp theo l~:. pHan cong, pho_i.,hgp ~ac cct quan~ d:~n ;:r~
. Vf t0 t:h!'.fc thJ!C hii?n oh!nh sach theo keho~ch O:li"qc j>h~ d.U:y~t•. J
1t
. '.;r,·
u J
 - .
.: Chfob sach "OJ.FQ't·ihg~ ·thi tren R~:~m '~i ·r.9!'\.? Ion, to.i· .thieu
.ciiti<T
•··~
l~~i'.fh6f!tHti:r. ph&crnb..
,
ct"\iVthf
,. •
so~fub-li'~'."ca
,.,,.,• •,*I~
>.• ·:
·nhun ·1 v~t. tb·~th trc , ·' • ,

rham~'.llfafitiuci1hLchfo11"~~1.c!fnr::rifr~:H~n..1s6·:tfrotlg .th<1-tn.gia bao.

116rn ;.~~·ei :a6g.{it-~ri ~·~:~'dt z'o:6ii!E;« cuit: dli1rittis16li!~:ri\1an 1!d~ai1:: lhuc· ·
hi~n.. x~ P~~l}1~yi:.r9~ci1 ~¢''.iti:~;;ifir~,~.d~;t1hia:~ififreicf;kh6:ag tch i'· ~a
·· v~¥;:·p.~~L1io~f4:.49n_~- ~~~vc·i::n1~n:;ni'~9~·z<l~u::kfi~~·h~~~cffif<l_ien '. fif
.. ;;;;,. het,·,,,sl!c
Giin"' ,.(............... 1 ~ho;.;-'(i:.~~p·:hu·
. ...-~, ~o.~ . i'tlleo\'.idlofi';;;i•;fi:ia~!.~,Ja
. tap·
. ., ::p·'htfo·\ . .b o
th&i
;. : g(~n: . ;¢h~9.g ;~pi.i:·.~5!~il:;~ha.µ/;t:f!t1c:~a.&fh~;/.klm ;h~tn rihau)heo'
~ ciiti . Jp,~~L;Y~M±f; J?liFiY~i.: in~.9:-&'.;J:6)cff~~')rl?.:~Ci.itrh'.C~irrifrsKch. c6
· l~L~.P:~r~':J:~;:pli~J~!,.i~n·~apfa',:Ph~'.~~-c6ng/pJtdi;lig:p~ltr.t'¢ac ccr qti•tn
. q:uirn 'ty n,ganh, .cac· cap·.\:hfoh .._quy,en. d!a phuqng, cac yeu to
th.am gia: rhtfc. th! .c)1il1h .s~r;rh::v.~ G~\::. qu.~.trln~ ;~nl} ·hJ.rbng den
. rhis·'hi~R°'.~~?r.\~~::~h[;gj1_··~4~~:,)~io£g:·t~~d.J.~ i~io/ng ·h.ilY,..p'l_i.an·
c6~~:~1~r9u~~;t;?~'Ji\~~;~~~·. .~a::q~~~:~p~~. ;.hqp'.~i~l!.~~hi~n .m9r
clirrih s'~ch.:cu"'thiE.
t·"'
,,. : ' : t .....:.,:.
iiaO.:d&: ..chinh-sach~ ~u.c.6.... rhe'.tac
·.~~.!i"r.: { ~~..:~:.:-·· ~ >:;::;~ ~ ·, ~ •• ~•...: ~1::.:;
••t!;7;·...' -:.:t·'·..:~.
•.. :1i: ;
.cloner :den lai
\·;;~tfl'!' ...,l M t::.. . ! • .. •

: lC.~}~~"·~~~~.•~§('Bh~~..g·~-~. ·f.!f?::.P.t~~R¥..As~b9U.~:~.a~;;e\.Mg-- h,t~;.f,i,e~

!
q1,,ian. '.tleri. "111iieu
..
'..:yfru:jo~'. .q u~ :·rnlnt{;thu6c qfo M :..phan:.,kh::ic ·.,
.. . .fr.t·;
:.:.::&<:1:.:~:d:r.:i;.i,::~· ~~:gJ;-;~: ~ f~i~~~· ~ .;.:.:.:.iJ..f~~.:. .:~~~~·~i, .... .·~~~:··~~ . . ,.:i-.
:~,, ~ ~::-t~·. ~~::.:t r~~··
4• .. ,

l .n~~~;~;:~~~~~7;~~~t~~;;B~?~~fl?ff.!;~~:~~~~~{~~.~-::&~~. ~-~·~:::~~H._Bµfop 1~~

\: _::i'd~B~~~g'R~~:;.~.~2;JF.~S~~.g.!~.~8~~ci!:9.P·;'~~-~·IT.:-ra\~~~"a·:~~·~n . .1r.inh·:
··l · .t?~~.)i~,~,~~lh~~?h ·m~ i+. .q~~li- '.~h~;.ittQrig;''-:s~n·ir . r~cFete "I uon
.
_ ·! ~·~f~~rfn.~:~.:.4~~{~~;~:~~.c:·~~;,'.cU~h.~.g~p'.:-p~~n:.'n~nwc:ao·.hi~u-J~rc,
:·t.'
· :iA.in~~rtfLc-ni'~h~·.~a~h
-~ i; . Dµ.Y. ttl'chfnl;;~~s~'t~Jarn .c!~? ..~~foh. ~~ch.:.~~.n \•~i.d~11c vu
:~ . pMr )my :h~t )u.c d\m;g trong mg(triifl,~g .~m,r~ )€,..: MH§n cho
.;,. ~!Jfa~ ~i¢lf4.'i#;ii~diif;rfl~·:a~Lhcy1·:~h~(¥ iif :4:6ng't~m..;,ilqp Jyc
..~~i..
... cl pgtri'ii'..ici ·~hire~,
. . .. '.tig.uof rh\rc thr:'v~ fricii ·fr&-ong ton: t?-L
.

85
·:r:~~j£~iil~iSwlls,rt~; ·
~h:a.t11 gia 'thl!c~:~hi :c~rt,~·;.~~:fIJ~. N,~t!: vi.~,t QiV;<f tlii·~~c~rnn.:1~~c~: .j.
~J~_I'l:t~~=Ii!t_!t_~~;~!t~ ~~~Q;;m.9.i~~µ:q.~;.tngc te·~1~~fd~n;g~ .rhl: i · ·-
cac -qo:-qiliµ! :nlla "·n~cr6TS~::!l¥.~&.J~§- i}f6rig~ng- qi~'"quan-:tf ·tac· ·i J.

d9ng rihim .t~9 I~p .m9.i t~~i;rng.)hu~i:i Wi ·chp vi.~C thgc thi . i
•I • ' • . · • t
chinh s~ch. ·Dong thatch,u-·,99ng d{~u . ·~hfuh C!hfnh···s~ch cho t
ph,.~ ..hgp \fCtl
"hoan" can '~ T.rQng tn~~·ch"
• h .rnq<:c. . .,· d''6.
up;g·:-ml{c·rtab· ·· , 'd"
.e i1
dam b~o lgUi;:h :chung·'d1a xa· li~H; cac ~a quan nhi n.ri'oc· q6 .· t ..
th~ k~t hgp sir dttng· bi~n. 'ph;ip· harih chfrih. d-e duy tr! ch.fnh 1
sach. l
~

f)oi \Im ·ngµ-Cti ch~p fia'.tdi.c~irih sich {¢8:~ (16i tuqitg cua. . l
chfrih· sach>.va.toan xa'h¢~fdf tra.ch.nh1.§m t)lam..gia. t~gc hr~n ·1
I

theo yeu, tau. cua Nha;·ntiOC v~:·va'fl. <l$n~ j[n rihau tf¢h Cl!C i;
chap hanh. chfoh s~ch.NM. nu~c .. Phai i~m. cho cac. d~i "'tuc;ing ')
~
..
nay nh~n. th1'.t<::.~:ro var tro d1:Lmmh ttotig x~Al()i..X!idN,, d:e:. hQ i
phat 'huy quy6n lam chu·xa h¢i trong vi~c~~h~jdranh chfnh
sach. 'Ta'rig ·ctreing thifc hi~n =d~ diu. rll:, ngircrt dAn. rri~#h. d~n
rham gia quan Iy xa: h¢i,.' ftong..~o tifgi~c .Ch!p-~·arih.. chfoh
]

I
sach Va .'tham g~a tlm kie'nit . 9~ 'XU.at C~'.~. bi~n· phap thijc~ hi?P
mt.tc tieu v6i cac.:.ci:;r quan: nlia nfrcrc d~ dt~·u.-chinfrbo·sung: cho .. .

chinh sach ngay cang lioan- chinh. Bong thcri, di'.fi tµ'qilg th'i;c . ~
"
'
thi chfnh sach cling la chu th.5 r6n .!~iJt9gg.,$Oi tnr'Png song, . .-.,;,
·1.
v1 t-he .h9· C'6 thi £~G ci'91\g I~m cl:io m6i:..truCn:fg. thu~ lgi hem . .'&~ ..
voi: vit?c·th~btni chiril1.si'i~h. . .
Nhtffig. ho~t d¢~.g. d6ng:b:~·~tX~l1::9~Y::S~ g6pJ?h~n deb cr;C. .
vao vi~c tluy trtchlnh :s:fdl,;tr.ong.c;ibi-s.ohg xa hQL
• • -- ··~--·., - -
· . ~.-:. _
·- - ' -- - '_. ·-·--~'-......C... •• _ - .- ., •

86
 ~~ '
.. ~··· '.2.5. iDi~u chwi1 ehfo.n s;lch
~:. Pi~u. c:.hinh c!J,f1;1h sach .ra m¢t ho~t dgng can thiet dien
~ ·;t"a tp~6rig ~uy~n .ttqn,g tie~ trlnh t6 chuc th\1'C thi .chfnh sadl;
't~ .No:duciG
··ft· 11 t~iJc·~.· ·h~~
911
· ···· · ?·. ·:''.":':/~~·-:i' .~~i s g~m· n,na;.lf_µ-O:c:~o:rMgi··q~y:~n
_.;, .. ',· 1.·~~ ~~.i·-: . -:·.-.r·.~·J,,..,, ....~, .;.-:i.'~·:·~··~ «,·.::.·.-·:·' ., .• t' '··
de
h .cncr:chf1U(SaCfiTL$ay'9angph~ llqp.voi'yeu !;'.i!U quan ly Va ~~.p.~.
•• ,f. ·

f ·hlnht~t,tc te'.. Th~o. quy.d!nh/~P qu~n,~~o 2~n).~~np clt~J,1~ sach

.r :f thi . ctuqc :q.uyen ·4.i~((2hinh. 'b6<s:uni:6h'rrit:L~<icJ1~ .n)lJJng ~ren
1

·r.tl"!vc ~t~;v.{~~.:o.i~:u·.:~tt~h;;cac ?i~~ri: lfJap.: ~c~Aii<f~?ht#:~~.~iF.h ·:4~~~

r:~ }~t ·n~tjg A9.n:g~)linh ho~t~·: vi' ;th6".\cer''qtiar( ~ha' .P.U:OC ~cac
'ngln~."S:~F pap.,cl~,u "19rtg.· d.i£i.t c,:hint1· b~4n~pb,~p~ .fer ~liG·:~h~P;~
, s,4~~ ~. ~. . ~,hlfPohj;~n..96_;~lt;ti ~q ~iVchfnMi~Bhi ··?iiieii;)~~h.~~g: l~~
.... Jh~y .,clqi, rn.,l;li;:: ~ie.u;. i::I?.ffi.11. s.~ch. :N~u· ·an ~11~ari.:·:tijl~n'\fo~d t~~u .
r ~~~9·h ·~:~chi .,P.~!::Ctf qua~. ilh~Ln~dc''.ct<J.. rig~n~,'. ·(iii:phtrctn'g cliu
d~~~~R·1,:~~a'.t:vO:!·:<?~;qua,o;.1:ian·h~nh:{Ch.fon;p11.tr:foiY' Quoc 'lii?D
.i.} thfr~Jtie~
.
·.·
·~\::·~i .:.~(~:.·
·:>.·.·". ., ·.·./·.
l'd~i ngr.{yen 1J~..~can pkdi ch,ap J~lmh ~!~!_- .di¢L1. d~f1J°J1
cllf11h·~s:{ich .la.: f)e~'chillll. sadh. ri~p -rJ.ic' .t.4n..£~t:~Hf. d~ri!~ ,a~4;lf.
ch[!i.f~: ·:<:4~ i.#1:~11 ; pl,iap;:.!,cci· ~htilfi{!'t:-: ·'fiNI!:''Jh~i~/£t~t~; .ii'e.~c }'J
su~1.~.i)1Pqlt'p{1(lih)1/lff"'tiei~~'t/Iei/ y'Jl(:~qit~!h~fS;Jf(}N,~zj:;.q{fi!:,, .
:i chbih /am rffay diJi Ti1~1c 1Mi~, {Ig/(fr//f:/ta)'fr')fi:a)i J6rcJli1ifi.
, sac{ti/{i.fF9J/1/1ttiff!t1.~J.i;fijd; :i;ltp~rg,..r6n:r4i. - ·· ' · '
. ; ·· .. ·:· H'o'~t·d¢.fi:g' clii~::~hiiih):Iitnh. :S.at~ 1d0i h9.i'.~h.~i. chlnh xa.c,
hgp ly~ .n<!u .~it6flg.·se·1am s~iJ~9h,. "biiri:·.i:f~ng"thfoh sach, I~m.
... '. cl1p ¢hfoh:,~sach..:tr,8.-nen.:kem: ht~P :qui'.-th~m ·r;:hf'.kh~ij~ ton t~ .
.dtr<tC:·:.Mµ'5n cfap··i1ngp.hii:~1g; .d9t i;:\):i'':~hi~\1~nz'·tt~ti.,<la.y, :co,.·
·~ Ld~;~f~:;;r~~;;~~~~t~:~!:~::r~~:·~:;:..~:.t~J~~~l-~!;
J.... cnenhi~cfo
. .. . ..
.ia~~=~oh:h~
. :' '
,dieu t;hl#li;.:b~:·s.ting.
. ,': .' . .,. - ' . ·~ ·; ~.
:~.

87: .·
'·
 .,

sach
ro.~Tti'Ffo dt'.fl~ 'k1t1nfrn~;:atf.n,,t.tfie::yi§e;tht.(~:.fJi~a
. . . ' ;.; ·: ' ... .. .
chint1
·'
·
··:-
....... :·
a·"· ,· .
-

. y,c ·or
Th· n····h _~~t~t::i....;A~t:t;r..a
,_1;;1;,..:uL . "' h ..r· · •..
·:i:J,~Jl,\~w...., · ·~. · ;, d
b'<m-'J.9J\g;,:·Y.i!,:: .. .P· \
,j.
..
nhi€u ca quuh,. t& C:::hu.&'.va:d ..riniin tham-.,gJ~;:0a¢;~·di€u···ki§:rt .ve
chinh 1r! .. kinh·t¥•. YaiJ. ho~~)dhh¢! '\!A:.m.6i· t~trai:ig. q'i:'ac vu•ng,
dia phl:l'dng.khone :!!i6.n'e: nhau·, cung nhr.rtririh-d6; ni'fhg llre:·:t6
chi'i'c: <.n~u hanh c'it;,'c;irt: b(>;:cong ch:~~:tron~ cad cd tj~·:im. nha
mrO-c kh6ng d.Cing d~u; d.o ?ijY .cac CO' _quan .nh~ nti'qc co.thftrn
quy~n pli_ifi. t.i~n:h~nh.:thco:doi ·ki~m tra, cton u6c vi¢c thVC lhi
chf~h.~ach. ·Qua. k'i~;rt:.-tru,.doffdoc d~ m1;1c tieu.va bi~n. phap
chii ytru cua chfn.h such liJ.i .duqc khfini djnh d~ nhlic nh& moi
can. b9, cling· cht!c, m~i oO.i ·tttt:;tng lhvc thichinh jdich t~p
trung ch(i. f .nbfrpg':rtQi::dµ'.ng 'UU tien
trO\l'g· qua l:flnfi.~th\l'C thi
chfnh sach. Qiin ·err. ke h~ifch'ki~~. tra:, don~ ·doc ·cia .dtfQ'G ph.t·
duy~t c~c· 16 ch~c 1 ca ·nhan co::tr~Gh· nhi~m th:Q'c hi-¢n ho~t ·
<l9ng.ki~Iµ lia co hi~u qua.. . ·
Ki~m lra thtrcfag xt\y~n. gltlp ~ho nhtl qu~ri·lf·n~m. chac '
tluqc tlnh hlnh ttw:c::th(ch(-iih:)i~¢h. itr dcf.dknhgja;~_ugc-.;~hac'h· :
qua:n v~'·nhung. ·d:i~m fu~rth, xHi!fn ytu.:,cU.a q6ng; ,t-fi<; 10· thi'rc · ~
lh\rc ihi chfoll such; ghip.. #1:1,'~t..h.~~mnhii'ng ihi€u sot/trorig i;l6rig : ~-
"tac l~tp ke ·ho~ci1 t6 chtrc:,ihi}'c thi d~ ai:e~ chirth;: r'.io.:.dieu ki~·n
pn6i iwp rin!p nhang cac ltQ.~t d~ng d~.c.:·I~p cim dt. ca. q.uan•. ~ .....
d.6i wcyng tht.tc 1ni' chihh. such~ t9-o ra s\{ t~p trung thpng ·n~at ·
trong. vi¢c thtfc hi~n .r1~C tieu chinh.,sifoh~ kip>thcti khuyen {
khfch nhiing nhfu1 totlch ctrcrrbM; tbunhi ch£rih. sach. tao· { at
ra nhfrng. ph'°ong:-tfaG thiet'll~t;t~ eho-~i~~" t·h\fc hi~n m1;1c t:i~u. . .. ~-·
. Cong tac ki~m· ira don doC' nay eon g!up .tho ·cac a6i .J
t!Jc;mg thitc. thi chlnh sachbi~t ·dti\1c ·nh~il'g tr~n ch€ cua· mfoh· ·t~,~·
'. "
~.

88 ,
't
 ·~·
il'··
!¥-:
p{ . .
' ·r. .\:. ,,. .. ·. . . · '· '·:- ....; ,:· ...:. .. ·~. ..
f ~~·~;i~~ :c.hin~1·:b~.:s~n.g! ~?~~.:\h~~n; ·~~~:P}:9 . ~~~~·::hu~. d~_ng
·¥' ctw!-.¢:~;.ri~tr.g.cµ.~:rg:~nh :q.c··h'<;(yen·1µrrfl:il1J'qh1$n··:co ·tr~~h:nh1e;m
· .....i ci5n' a'. \i'1':ec,::cltfr+c,;aia\i·<chno/<iidp
...... , .w:. . .o ... · .. 'i::11_6:':cacii'.fo1 '(tigri·e:';n'rl.m·
. cllflc
'. r. .. ·... c· ···~····.;·· _t;, .e .. . . ... ....
.1 . .-.>-.

4~d~ 9vJ~9.;J~L .n~111~ :v.~·;t~µ ri.ifri~'.'if:ot~s, th~t .thi:ehli:rh· sa~h

. .. ~
1

.J a~ y~u :G_~~·caG .c~:~u~~··N!~n::nu¢c.~hi1p hanh.day du ~~~fa\ it 1

J. · 1 !}~?t;.<·l;uMi1BJ~.:~ -}.Pt?~s·~Qb.~~~5;7E~'.i:;;,; .<"~"· ~~;;,. ,..., :.:?" • . · ·· ~.. ·. :. ·

[ ,,:; ,·,:Jq~ .tr?.-,. :Hi~o-·Af?Esi'tr :!iiib'-rlgfl':h,lP,h:t~·~.huc ilii,rc chi

t:i,. ;r:~~~i~!:~~~:r:~::i~s~~t~i~;~
t·
. -). .-sa~n.
·~~ ~-· r
: ..,.
~- .
.-:·. ·;
.·•• . ' •'
''.'"

I. :;; ,;~;t;~:~~f~~:~!~i~:J!ib®h <J!<n tij<

·;· tr.ong:;frb~9'i:.gia:n·~Cr.U.~.tt.l.i·jChfnh~·isUCh~>T.ri6fig~~q.frttit'.tlrlll"·.d6::·:r.i~tioi
:· ·rl '.f:CfYli~·"~·~H1~· ·ii~:J~~ug p~ifn hay· tci~ :·.b~:.:iC~ri'q¥if~:fo~[ ihi·
· ·g
:ch:fnh .sach', tr'ong ~:<liY \'.ta'.nh· ~ii :t9.~c1.· ~.¢:..d.irq<;- :thge:.ifi~n saLi .khi
·1 :•. k~~;·f~H:f J9¥Jffil~>s~~}1~)~~~11>ffe.~.~.~(~P..~s·:i~~~·:~?8¥~:f§;~f{.~~ :ch ire
:~ th VG :thr ch(n,h. sach ,\).i,r.q~ hicu: ULqua'}ff*~i0-frffi~~-~V·;1~~rJu~n
vi!!'.cM. ch,tb - d'i~u)ii\nh,·v~.-·c.h2,'p:p;~ru1.;crfir(i,1 ··s4:cn. cj'.iu. cac cloi
:; ·tJq~~:~~ V¢'-fh!, ~n-:(~:11~~7~!~_.·.·: ·i , ... : _: · • ' :,' .:·, . . •... ·• • .· •

·.., DEi·tU,~n'i\hr.qi::·.xen1:)).et, . .d~\nq,,gia tongj:et v.e .ch!

~ ~ ........, ... , • • '» . ~·. ' ' .. I • . •.,... ..: ••• • : L ... , • '. ~· • • • ·' . " . "
ci~o
di.~u lianh. ::ihyc: Pit~· chfn..t~aq'~. i~(.c,~~ ,.po; LJ.l!U~ .nJ:yu r.uoc i,lf,

~~i:~~r~~~~i~~"M~i;;};;~~£a:~·~J~~~i~~~:~t ·
• ·. f~ trdfr~ Vfec~';(fi'.a1T./:ol~ci£hirc tfri cl1H1h .ii~ch. Ccrsa :df:.dunh giu
·~. ,.;';'t:;,:... :~«-:.......~ ": . .. \ . -~;.;;. :. ~;·~-. ·~:~·Vi'.'i.~ .. : ·.~:~;.,.,;: .· ·::·."'.";.;,~~- ~: 2·~,:.:; ·:·1':'.' -~.;~ •.. ~ . : . • :.'":'.· ~.r:. ... . w

1- · -rong'.kekton,fti1¢ 'chL~;ti~CiLd),~~ h}!r.1n: th:!fFJl:iJ..c.hfn.11:'.·~~£~1.~ P:~.g·g·

. ;:· de:.:c:d s.U:a~ nh~ n~~¢·'rn. R~ ti~:.J¢~::i:hrb'q
:{.:
giao va :nh_frng. n¢i
..
·:r _,...

...1
~

09
t·· 0
t·
quy, quj ch€ d~ ·~y·~~~:'; b:~ ~ c)\~;~ ;,y: >1~nii•~
tboi con .k~t
h9p efii p~~g:;c~P,)\~~n :~@.<li~;~'tjqJ{gi~~:P8'· ~µ:~~ '.~
nh~ .mr~c·:.~~i:;c~fo,:tci c.~q9;:.*~' ~9i· Y.~·:.~ac•:Y.an 'o~· g:ti.~:- ,pfo~f ~l
kh~c de xem xet :tirih ':hbi~ :Ph¢i..~Q'P:chi ~a.;o, · d1~J.l .hAph. th\ic ·~·
thi chfn-h. sach c.ua cac t6 ch\rG. cMnh tii. ~f xa :b_oL~A5LNhA .~-
n~oc~ . .. <. · --·::~:- ·" ·;:-: .:·.:·:..~::.::-~..-.: ·....: '""....::.:·- .
.... · :· ·

. Ben c~nh. vi~t.;~6ng;.icet; d3:nh gtf k~i"q~a 6hi d~!=f.-·"" >di~·u

h~nh 5l:Ua cai;. c.cr :q.u~n ri.Ji.£ :nu6¢,. ·chri~g,fa::con xem: X~t'd~rih·
gia vi*'c :ch~9 .ihi.cua ¢ac.,-4tii'-tm;{t{g:thifui''.gfa ·thi;rc:hi~n:chfnli
sach bao gom ca<;: dgi qigrig. 'thl}· 'lftrcrnf:tdi -.fcli: trtj:C Hep va.
. tiep -ttr chfrih .:sach, righia fa tat ca :¢ac· tharih. vi~p xii h¢i-
gian . -~

v6i ttreach la, cong'.d&n: Thti'crc .do 'd~nh. gi~ k€t:qua thgc 'thi ··t .
cua cac ct6i tuqrrg .nay ia;;·riiin tMn. hliap;g~·µ-D,g:-vcri ·m1:1c.-tieu · --!
.clilnh sach·va fl ihtrc C.h~p:;harih rihfr~g ·q~).'·,d!nh:}~ cq che! .{
bi~n phap do· ca q~ri .ti.ha ni.r.ac co tncim:q_uy~n . ban··hal'ih de
th.gc ~r~n mt}c ti~u ch.lrih' s~ch ticing fiing::dJ~ti 'ld~n v~'.:kh6ng
gian vA .thcri:gian~. .. ..

3. cAc YEU. to
ANlI HJJONG:J:JE1't:tc) CHO'C THUC
THI CHfNFrs.AcB ' .. . . .:1
Qa~ ttlrth t6 :ciruc·th~c thi 6.hfrih -~~bh.:dien r.a . t{png ·t!ioi t
gian dai va Co li~n quan.4e.""frnhieli. t0-chrrc, ca ithan; ylth~ket.. 1,.
qua t6 ..chU'c thifc"thi qhfnh:·s:aClt cil#g §.e. 9li'!u ar.ih. hticrng_ cua .: ~ l
nhieu yeu r6~ Nful ch!~ d:ii'gc cat. ·yeu ttfia~ dqng,":n$Gai .. qhi ·i
n~l:i. ·a!eu kan·h eo· thl thU-c a!;t nntfng . .y\tu; t~·~i~c:·· Ci~ng tfth · ~.
cgc; ngan ·cli~n bay h~ri· cil'g- d.:C 1¥~)itt~~:d9ng ti~u c~c den
1
I
vi~c ·to· chirc·thttc· th!' ch~h s~ch; Dong thoi ~6 die t~ci i~p m6i · . : ;
trll'em'g th~~n lqi cb,o ~a:c·yeu 16.46 v~n d9,.n:g phu fo;1p voi yeu · ·
::u ·d jnh bUOng. D~. t~o diill!' ki~ Cha vi~c-1tgiileir c~if; pilat · ,'.l

.!.
 .
·~i~n cac yeu t6 a~h hi,ron$ den hq~l Mng .chtrc thlfc thi to
)IfQh SaCh fl1Qi each ~hU~rl 'Jgi, ·C~~n thiet phai phan lo~i cac
·y~i.I to:tac cr¢ng m¢t cach·tht~h hgp. Tuy theo m\lc dich, Y.eu
· ::•,'}"·c;au .dia nguoi .'t6 ch~c thl;l'C thi C.hlnp S~C:h ma. tie~ hanh phan
·· .f~:1~~:~ :~~;!~~ir.~6 :~-~~ ~~~~.i.'theo ~1~~.~K:c,:~:.~:~~~~:~h:~: p~a~
l·~iQ,~X,".~;.'~-~G.~:.~p?:n·::I~~;.~qp?:f~ngu!~·n ~A~~.,cru ·P~?1 cu~:,~~1~: t:,1e. ..
, '.f_Mx:;:;.~~e'.;;·';,';;·. ,',', •. ·... · ..·· . .,.
Jf : ... :3·:::-: Y:~H~. ~9Ji:~JJ~.l.1:.qu.an~... .. . .. . .._. .
~·! '.~;:; '.;·: : ~~~~!;N; t;~,~J1i}Z~~:;,;~, ,;~-~~~g ,1.yeti~ t6·xufit· ·hi~n · va:'"rac
1
•- .·

·-f :.~ri ~~R;~_tg;~fhH;e::~.9.ltfo1b,t~~h.in~~§a19q:;'tir;H~.tJ-·pgoa,~;'._d9~ i~p.·v¢i

"" {~: ··Y::g1U_6h"c~,a.:·
•f.!••
.c·M:.~~~'r:pg~n
·~ ·'r;~·''l•~1. ~
ly,j;f::.~c iY:~l1·;t6:qay.~6n':t~i ·va ·v~n
'¥. Ag~(il\?§;:i:i·tf.Y,;"j~~~)Sq~sh:qµ:~I~l;:'.l.\:.~P:te>,.;ra ;rihttng·bien :deli: bat
•f"'i'' •''(w• i"·'·' J•.") •.i:HJ:.·.f -· •" r · ', •

:·ti thufing, ::e:fo'ao-· khbng ·g~Y>4.u.q,9,isif;:<:bµ·.:Y' ;c_~? .ca)::nha q ~.an_ iy.

~ f Nh~g t~~ i:t9_ng·~:i::ta . c}]:4tj'.~ ..4.{~ 5i~(,t~~ri~j~µq}.~~ ·~hf~µ,sach
tit · l$i,ia.
' 1.::1ontv~.:'.cb.·:=~:H'e:"t!fc'itf6.·t1«fl'iFfa;:911u:ag:·xf5(¢~c; ·)(~ij ct~;c.h~r,h
,I•' 1•• .. 1 •• \ .. " !'~•' ,•:>-1'' ~~~ .::t .. :._w ...... ~ .. ··.; ,:_~, '"(\ //•.;'.;:..:.:'•Ow .. i• JI,! .... ~

:[; ,sa~h id,u9.c- ~!~·ir-:!li.~n~':t~~~i!l~& Jq!'.MiJiu/. 1!l~~:_.~h~n.1t. y§u to

J~. :·k~~fh~~~~?.Ae~.~~:~K'fil~,;~?·~:8fr~,:gt~l~~ -.-:,.:. ,~:, '·"'' ·.· .....ii\:
·1~ .:; ';:'::iti:::r£U1tiflJi;:~~~·: ;4~:;[il~~·:dii.cnh.;:scfefda~ yeti' to :g'an·

··l. ·.~~i{~lttlt!!~!t~~i;:~{?i~~=~~:~~o:;~.
~- -· it'.,~~t·~~?a~.¢f:fff~·:s~:S~ith}.:~q~g·::l;cto ~c~U'c t!ll!'c·:t\li ·sethu~m ·
.,. · t IQ'! ;hq,p :,P'PJ.~µ ,s.9,,ypi: c;;~:c. v.a;n,·.de;ph!'.(c;:qi,p.:cC\ .quan .h~..191.fch
·1 v~i :~~yµ ~~~!- ::i~~~~~~ ~'.9~~-g; ,~:~. ~~A .• Y!:A~.: Q~tr t~yi;. :rht: '_ch~h
2

J.· sa.ch ·.yq). n:~~ng n.&t\m .,tan .J~i: se;;:d.~;pa,ngA1c.t.n vqi. :ehfnh ·sa~h
.~ ¥ .tai ch1rih' .;_1i~:rri~· :ti·brici. ·t'h~:;":n;K:d&a .Tinn ;ijht£vc~p 'bach .cua:
·l ·
r
v,an><l9(81~14.h ·:~~~?ii ':~;;g::.~~i~·~a¢~~·~;,~;16~ .·~~~,,-ki~ ·g.u~ tc5 .chtr.c
....
..:·r.
"'
.-t·
l
·; ·...
 ·.. ;._ .-.

. . . . .
• . • ' !, ' , ·.v;.: •:1 ~. · ··: • •:f . I • : . '. • · .... : ,' •· ,:..:, •.• __: .~

lhuc .thi ·chtnh . . s-ach. 'N.e:u"•Ht. vrfri,..d& .'.b,tfo .Kuc. ·:ciiJi:...£.hr<;tc :gi·ai: ·:.
• . . ,,. . . ! :·· ,·.,.. . . ·.•.... , ..•• ~ . . . . . ' •

quyet ng·uy ino! gi~p-:cli9, d6i. ·hrqn•g:J7~~(; it,i'~.n ·:thco:qi.1;1_c: ti¢!!~

't1!nh htr6'ng; 1hi se:diigc Nhti riifSc vf:dth¢i ltU ti.en die. ng~9ni·
l((C chb {h.tfc bign. Trdng -~Icu. kl~r(-hl~~: nay, NM ;n~¢c ta:: ...,
·dang U'U tien Ch¢ CitC c!iinl) SaCh,'li(fdQG~; Vi~c~l~m·:9tnharthj
ch.6ng dap ling nh®g nhu di.h::~p.b~di~~'litgn~:·c:ta-~~ scing:;,·
nhiI~g ngttqi lab d9Qg; nh~d~ .o· niJng': than~:· ~·Ja.:~6>chtr thi,y.. ·1
llnh cha'.'t-cua.van.de"ch.fnh such la yeu to'khacb quan..c6. iinh.\
hucrng. ~rye: th!p:-den ·vi~c· t6 chti'c ·thg:c thi_.;chfoh ·sach' i:r?.!nh :
hay chi}m, thu~n 19'1 hay::kh6 kh"ifn"v;v..-:.· · · <t
• I

. 3.1.2 .. Moitrzcong titif¢ thi. clzli~.h

sach.Ja. ye=u: t6. Hen. j
quan den f:UC ho~t d¢rig-'ki~b te~ ch!nh ;lrf:·,vl:lh hoa~ x~ir'fr9i,' an j,
ninh quoc·phong. moLtriib-~g b,r:n.hig!l'.Y~ ~~·uoc .te•.. ~ii'c ho<J.t" l-
d¢ng nay dr~n ·ra theo quy lti~I'trong nli:if.ng di~il'.ki~n Ct}.lni. l
nen 116 d¢c l~p ·vOi ,qua ~i·inh th\rc·thi c~ui~. sach. Theo ngh1a· \
r¢ng, moi trtron~. thvc thi ehinh :sach. cnn~· dl[rig :toan .h9 de l
t hanh phan v~t. ch~t va phi "*
chilt rliG~~gia tb1:fc· tii:~n·:.chfo.h 1·
sach nhU'.cac.nhom lgi fch t6 di.tqc tuchl:~h·sach trot:lg :X~hgi; "~.
cac dieu ki~n v~t-chat ky .th}i~t trcmt n~ri kfoh -b~u 'khong j - ie;
.,,
khi chfnh tr!; xa h9i trif.t ti!~ quan hfqu<Sc. tc r¢ng mo; M¢c ~ii ~
.

.hoi 6n dinh, ft bien·doniz ve cil.tnh rri s~:titra·dcn i1i'6~ dihh ve ~-r

h~ i_h6n.~ ·ch-fah s-ach:.clrng '~Op pff~n thuarc.ltti ~ho··th~c-1hi 1
chinh stlch. Neu c<!c_b(i pM11 ·c;fu"thari_h· in6i tr~IJn:g v~n· d<;:»ng -. J.
phu .hqp.v.ai tr.'inh ·d(} t6 chut di~u .hi!nh ~i'itt.~ilc·c~-i:fiiµh nhh l
mrCic: v&i cct c;h~ chfoh sa~h dang· t6n t~i se c6 hie- ~~ng· rhuc j
day G~lG ho~\t d¢ng i6- chll'~ lhl;l'c rnh:~lrill i;fch.. N&tr<JC l<].i,.n6 l-
se .k!m Ham, ngnn ttb ciic ho;~t dqng: nay. dan den lht_rc tJii:' ~
chfnh sach kem.h\~u qua;· · ··"·~ ·1
1·
92 .Jt
I
 ..•~~·~:
"'

..~;.
!;'·
R,·
· · ·,3 .. /~3·. A'iifi·quA.n :1i~. i{z):a. cc!~ ·ati._.ti{~lfif thxtc. th~ ~h,£n.h
~ ·i··'i1· ,.,·.,.,. ~ ...., "~•1··1"'~~.• ....... .,.•. • ,.•i..,'.'• ••• r··,•. ~: ..
1 ..
·"l ........... ; ..

. t.!sCich'iH& hiC!1f s\i 'ih'6nstH1fa'f'hay''K'h6"h:.%CV.~Jdi" rc1n:·ui{c'ac.ooi

:~(c.Jc!a'~ ·i{:d~g-" q·a~'.frYnh' }"11~t';:hi~'.ii :rriiJ.cA(~u c:ilr~h :w:~·eh: 16'. ~ri 119i
f~[J. 'Glib:· i(;[:' £f.hf':cdkg1:fr7~tip''.6·oiig'·n1l~ri·"v.t\ ·cue nH~;{u \illn~rd6i
~if· •.,f;.. ". ·~.,/: ·:·!· !-!,.. ·•·-;,"L "'. ,,.·~ ·~ ,-,,!·· ~·:··;..;·. ~:\'~;J.- • '·,:Jl! i · .;,'·.:;~~'•; ·~~ ..,'. .i•.1 .. · "'
1

,i\:J~!i.~ng,: i:>eµ ·.n}tun.g, ~.l:uq,h.such'A~n~ ~c.~1~ .ng.1f0t_ la9 . d(>r:ig .tl~trCJ~g

~frl~.µq~i}1~~~.J~_ttr'.:ir~~e~.t;fv~·~~i9n"'.~911 ?~{Bi~~~~~~~~,.~~? y~.
·~iq,i?~c~f::C:iJ.iogi:~fi :ca:p~Wttian·~ ;Kn0:rlz. cliPdd·-:-tri~ir111tiB:µ ·1¢i. rch
~~~~~;c~f '.d6'i:·i~g,ng; ~hrnli:·'.~~1.':fr'l~m ·:.itnn:.~ii\~1fl:~\·Cfi!Ii:'cafi.g· tcic· 16
~]f.n:µ,~Ahlf~ .~~~n; {1'!% i=i.>;ri.f,:dp_:~v.;~q'<?.~g. 4.9:n.:g:::.11:\1'a~ .-ye ·nhi;it.g ti~n
.·1~~~gU:t~·:•sM·"~g.:fi.~~.l'l:A~J11::4<}~.:.die·~·. ,.hanH"tht!c>thi·,<±'hfnh'·{.!;ach.·
~F;il;:q;tj~p:.:q~.~if.i.li.:n;~~~~~'.R?Ag'.nghl~p:;:-. c6.nir nghisp ung: h9
1f~~~YS~~~~.5~1__n9· 1~§9~'.i::P:.~an:~s~<;:A~.11 ·l;i~pg cfl:c.o ··;ni~n .rru rngt..s6
J·~~~h9,aa.:. rhil.e ~'v.~~:nhf £,tf:tg.g :a 1~ u:. ki~!J.;p!Ja r.x,i:~erp1g~f:\h, l'lh.trn.g ~cq
.~... 'f'.,., .f:.. , 1·!,...:1 ,.·· ~.l~~···~ .... ~~. ~ · ,c•J.. ·.~ . 1 .~· ~~~·.,,. • .r:.•.··· .. ..t;- ... ,. ~ ...... : 1-r.... ~. .:. •• ·• .,... • ._ • • ,, .. ,
·::#:guefn-ja!. ~lffrrh-.io'.rii::chua <l6n ° tltih ::Ocrfn1m :v.ay.'se:ilnh ht:ran £?.
.~~:~··fj''.:~;.:~..:1:}•·. :~"::~•Tit···:-r~~~f>;f. :.:./ :J..:t~:.:·:·.::J.~,
. · ·-c._i..'t·:.9' •.;~:.,~:~~:1~4f:: :::::.~~·~ :.'.:\!~·~t'.:· ,v•i:' ,-;\~~··)"!.; ·.·• ·:,·. ·· ~:: ......
1

j,fden ket qu.i. ·Ilfu :ngaµ K~c.h wa Chinh;,g£¥':~~-~p.~pM:·;-. .:.: ,; .. .

-!?. 3~1A. Tie,·,;1· f~,·i; .ctia .ciic nhA~~: dio'i t~c9:~~g~ f.!d1zh .sach ..
:·J;~-d.µ-qc Hi~~( fa .rh1Jc ~-If~ _v~ ·ti~m ·nrt~g·~~·~:$16~;\~.~9.:¥ c6".\:iuqc
:~. t~R!{!?..,,. filP~;;i~P:J}·ftt-~~4l~;~::~M.!}. .:J.'..E~;~ ~~f~~1?..h8WJ1:~§,t;;;~¥R.P g 1.:~!1 uc·
-~~- Ti'eri1''.tuc.cu:r::··H6'm·1CJrfob~a··a.c.thc;'hi'eh'Weri: . ~fu · h:U-0'.ncr,:·clieri.

"" f l~ .r.~ .~t.~.it.lt:l!r·~.~.·.~1t.':~!~!,liJf

1 r.i~:i~~~ •·
nh:ar·, 1 ri~n::~nhUn'g,>fl~~Mi1':,;i;ifbh. l3ao·r~-e::·foi ''1~h;. dl-i.b'' nhorri'.' c!oi

~
t;'~~~~~~i~t~:~:;~~iit~~it1~;~~:~:~
.}~: tt:~fa Jfrc::~tu:iF:dfo·Jinonttal tch:-c:o iirlh h1R1h~:r.n,rcifi6p uen :i h~·c
~~f~ ~Iii: ~~ii{h~;~4d~:: - ,, :. .:-·,v, ., w:,,r.. , - .- " .

t G],~, . :~-7~1~t~~:¥~1~2J;c~1~::~t~~{tJ;~~ ~~
!;
":~'.
::f··
l
t
;.l'
 hoac
. do .mo; ttucrn•- sons. ·:.o··
mang· ttnfi:
-
. ntn ..oua. . . ucioh.>v&a ·q·:u~'
. ,. ·-
.

iich:su;.:-·Nnfiltg ·.aac:·tfn,it:.:n;i;i->tfotbngco>fie·n".'tWan"::- ·"

'
d.t>~.:~I~ .~

den .trnh .ti! giac, rlrih.~Sti~~;;.:r;t~h.)~a.~~:f.i~o~.,fb'rig '40.~?i·~ili\Tu;l

r~nh truyen th6~g vttjrf?.~~·tf~~,:g~n . ·11~~:~~_ii:r}~i.~~Lt_~grigl
tn\l"c-thi chfoh·sach, .·nen cac chti the; to chll'c·.dieu h~nh .c~ J ..
·oi'!r cactl"'kn'Oi :g<fi; ·iiaY.-Ki~m."cfig:~-trae ~~~fd~g~ .k€t~quK"i6{~ '
r;hat cho qua trlnh t6 chU'c,.tht;rc ihi cniil:h sach; Th~c. te'..cq~ttfl'c·;,
ta .cho thay nhfrng .chfrtl} "s~ch vo{ngtrcri ¢6' ceing ~htrang'.ot!QC l
thi,rc hi~n tri~t d~•.nhanh choiig; kjp 'thai .hem· rri9t so chfnh' l
sach khac la do ditt ritl'ac:ta da tcii aua nhieu click chi'eri tranh J ..,.
gifr mrcrc·vi d~i. nhan .dan ~a.c6.rru.yen th6ng ~6'ng i:iuoc nho,1
ng~6n~. :rra?~ t~ ..nn~ v~y~. fron~ vly~" di.~~·-~i~ii ·sh~nh. s~¢h]
phat trien g1ao .due cupg. dcroc cac tang lap nhan d:iln hlto'ng 1
t!ng m~nh rrte, t;ong' do' phfin Ian do tac d¢~g cira truy~n
thong hicU hQC CUa :. '''T C. .. ]
r
!

D· ·J
, ~~c :Yf~ r~ ~~S~~l~~~~.}f~~:f,ay:;c6.Ji~'"4.9'.n~1fi.:~~n·;d~ "~
qua tnnh.to:chuc tht;rc,;~hi·cforih . sa:ch cong;nen·cacJ-.1la:mtc.tc i
• ' ' •, ,,. . ' .•.• ' ·~ • • ,;i• ::.

.luon quari tam nghien;c®. .each ting ph6 vcri ta~ d¢I?:g cua ca~ .·~
yeu to nay. Doi vai ·ciac yeu to nay chung .ta kho:ng th~ cai .?
bien tinh khach ouan ·cua no, nUi.cru tlm i::ach:di~u,chfnh cac l_ ..,
ho~t dqng qµan diu' h~nh cho ;ph~ .h<jp. vai q~y lu~t :V,~.q.. ,,. :a·
ly
:.s.
,,,,,,,, dyng "'' d"·"'·
tro~g J:?Ol•
·k·;,, ···k·h · · ·· va
1eu .__1i;;;~.:_:__!'.'.!11g.:g1an "'··t ......
hf>r"· ..:
1 g~aa. "·:••"·•'>:0 .;:i~·
1".n.;-;.--
ho~t d9ng.di~u chinh. nh11 .v~y :noan, roan mai1Ji t!*fch.u :Y~·cua· :j ..
ngueri t6 ch(rc tht;c thi chirih sa1;h. Cac y!'u t6 . tI\.1,1gc.:.# ccr j
quan ce'.lng. quyen. d:o can ~Q.. - cogg ~h.U'c' chu ii9~;g chi. phoi ' ·~
M~ qua trl~~ ;~_y:__:~ :~rpp ~~~~dtW~ c~ ·ia~~img ~tftrLl
~~~ ' . ~·
. .":,
...
94 ·~
, .v,t,_

'1~
~~'
 Du'qi: day .la mqr- sq yeu to .chu quan c6. anh twang l6n
jle~ qµ~· trlnh to chrrc 'th~c thi c~foh -sach:
i'32.·;l~· Thlfc. hief.n. dung~ day du cac b.uci'c trong ·quy
•r.
'
ti:i.lih .. . ,• thuc·
tdclzii:c· . thi cMiih . sdch
1
:·, Qtiy ti-lnh iJJ:i!c t~..i :~~:i~h,#;;li..9.uq~ cO.i 1~ Jl.h~n,g .ngµyeri
··1y. kho'.aJ~gf.<lJJ~~~iG~.·~¥i . 1~ ;th~~.:t~fo ·s~<?c:;,~.6~g'. Yi~c...tua~
·ih~>quy irf6b.:·~a~~·~.~)~¢(n~liY'e:~Mfo.&~~·;~-2.·~.?JA~-c~A.pha
.·~µ~ifl:Y~ M,?fp'~~~~f.o<ry.~)ti,Y.,,'.~ri~~~~e,u~~?\ffr.frY: ~.gh1~ tq)on
'tl6i' v6'i. cac'_. tj~~·}r1?;rh;''.th!tc' ~'ihJ; c~'l#Ii. ··s~~h: 'Y.f .ol:l :;r~htr.. ~~yen
fruyen ·v~:il ·dong ~ve :chinh sach. va:. ilittc thi chinh sach . .Jruoc
.:~nF:i9i;rc·~:-tli!'t'.:·c~i~h/~~~11 :ay9i:r f!ii6'··bi,#~ ·;~~g ·;ii . . J~~. ~:?.i. .·doi
,::t!i'.r;tf!g"v~r-:toarHitfn ·Cl~ 'hc;f"nh~n.tl.nrc p.itgc . .dily 4\1 ..)r nghici. -cua
. ·mt;tctieu .!:hinlfsach,"d6ng thOi.di.nfthB;y dugc .ich.igi mang
: J~Li~ ::;hil)h's·ath.;..qu~ -d6' cu'ng dcfthefu ·~~mg )r~· ~~~ :nh~~--~an
:·,:v~ .cap,doit4qng;v~b'thlrih s~c~ c·~·a:N"!la: nii&C:'. Sa~.'khi 1~ ro
·. lqi. fch cµ;;i,:·clifnh~.~ciqh'·d6i:V:oi\:tc1,U.s6:ni·=x~j1(,L ~~h ·c.~'. q~an
.i~~ha"n1.roc . tiep "t\lc·:~~n aqng::pac· d'6i hrg~.g- .i'rch ¢~c"rhifth:~~n
'ir·.~4tP.h;· s:achi': I<:e:r :>h9P· :cac'. hd~t :~¢~i '~liye~.· rf~y.~ii, ·.• p,tl<f§~en
;~,9:nrn,n ~:s.ach. v.:oi ·v~:rf,d¢ri.k ;rhlfc 'thi .si'.gidp'.:940' ·~~~ ~~L (if.g.ng
.: . ch!nhi'$.aGh.~n8u ¢~a·:tiflh:':ili~i} t9'~~·gµy*b_,'.·t¥ 1 gi~~-;frodg"':~'h,i.rc
:·".hi~~,, .c.Q!gfr:~~~h;..·D;6,gg: rh9'i:.h9 ·~on:;,:*~ii-. c,t9~~'.}~r1:·.n~~iiy~·ti·a:r
;'..h,~nh:.:c~Jn~t:·s.a~h;~t~<fi:th?i.hl~-·ii\T:lrivg~.'PJ1orit''tr·io::11~i· :<l~'.a;,'iht.rc
· ··:hi~n}:h~~.fl.·:,#cti~~Nhu. ~~y-:se ·~·<}o dl~u :kl~n:th.li~n:rqri'.;110·'.ho~t
;-~9n~ co. ch¢9,tb ~9'Ali:r chfnh s~ p-h·. ·
. " · · · ·3.2~·~~~Nli.ri':r::·li/c:.tiz1,li:'tlf:i r:hf;;J'IJ -s4c:li czlifca'i, b9 -.p~ng
', //hue.. t.ror~g b,9., :·df;a.y~ q,iulii', £f'.nhi1.1t'¢o'C."Jf )leu :~6 ch Li ,q uan· c6
. "iiai tf.6.:qµy.(t''dftjh!'.'.d~fi":k~; .9~~·t:cl:.··~~if:c:~t·ti'~c:thi··e;}!i~h s~ch
·cong;.·. Na1%g <Jt;tc.thi;ri:
. .
thi ·~tra din p¢ ·"' . ¢6ng·:i:h(rc:
.
!a .rhu6c do

95
 ... -· . . ~ . . '. .-~ .~· /;. .. .. .. .: '. <:~;~1·
bao g.om nh1eU..lH;U <;;-lu pr,u.trt:qnfl. V8 dao:dfrc, con·a/\lU;. ve::·nfuio?'» .:.

· · -~~:i;~t~;~61·:~uj6~t&!$~~~~bJJi;~.!~~ii~J
phtit sin·h· fa!. V;v.::
trori~·. ~~(ir1g·
i'
;j·
·,.
-~uc ·c~ng .~h~n - .·c:-pn~ ch~.
.lrong cCf quan cong ·quycn .kh1 duqc :g.Jao; nlui;:m. v1;1 to chuc~,·I ,_
tnvc thi cMnh sA~h •. '~an .rieu cuo tinh thlin tiach . nhi~ril .;;,~ i . ,. ·
chap hanh tot ky }U~f.COflg' \1~ lrong linh VIJC nay m6i d~t'. hi~u:::1~
quit thl}'c thi. Ti~h ihan. rtac:h nhl~m v~ y:tb4'i: ky ru~td!J'~c· th'~;. ~ "'
hi~n trei;ig lhtfc ie t-hl'rnfr nairg.1·~c:~t11fq: te:.D~y la' ~9t yeti"Ci.!l.L,,.1..
rftt quan tr9ng· doi voi m6I c~n bg - c:(lng chU:c i:f(IJ:ii:fc. hign_·. ~,~
vi~c chuy~n t~Ly do chfoh sa.~ch c:uaNlia nu6c:v~t? tu9c·~6ng~, :'.
Neu thieu .nang ltJc thttc re; cac co qurin co thfun quyen t6 :·;
chtic th!J' thi chfnh sach se du.a ra nhii:ng. ke' ho~ch di! ki~·n: ·~
khong sauhvc te, lam Hi~g p.hr ngu<$n.Jgc·huy cf¢ng'.; Hi.m:~iani ·:1
. hi~u llfc, hi~u qu:.1 cila chfoh. ·:silch, th¥,m chi con .mm bii!n ·~
d<_mg chfnh .such trong· q!Ju trlnh t6 chifc thl}'c"hi¢n v.v...•. -.~ ·
Nung life thgc .rE'v~ <l~o:duc c.6ng V\i cua bin bQ', cong cfo!c
a
e'en th~ hi~n. thu ttJ.C·giiH q:i:1y~t n.~iihg·vU:n d~ l!'oq.g- quan h~
;I:1
to
gii!a cac ca quan.. nna mrcrc. voi ca nhan va· dufo trori'g x1L~i·:·_.
h¢i. Nh1n chung can b¢1 cong chut co -nang lgc thlfc ihT d:ifnh :.~
sach tol:· 'khQng nhfrng chu d¢n:g d1~u .ph6i ·dtr9'C cac yeu ·r6 [;'~.
~hu quan taccJ¢ng theo·d!rih hiicrn~~ rn~i- ~Q~ khdc Phl:lc nh:ii'.n~ .I
an~ hi.fang ti.eu ~vc c?a
c:a_c. xe.·u t.o .k~a. c~'·quan dt c;6rlg t1h: le! .·z;·
chtrc·t.ht!c 1h1 chmh sach mang.l'!'I ket qua t_h!fc iqr. I
. 3.2.3. Dictt ki~n 11~t ~,};ar. -~d;z.~cll~· qua trfnh tlntc .;tM yai'. ·
c!dnlz S.lfrh lay~~ t~ ~~atcan~_cp ''.f.trf qua!l l[g_ng' ~~ CUil¥.~·~.
\•a to.
nfian $1.f de yeu khac:tnqc h1~n thilng. lgi chfoh sa~h dht/ "
Nha nu:O'c. Theo quy lu~t phat.fri~·[i, de hei#t dqng kinh; t€·;~
xii h¢i ngiry 'tang dm;rc· t.an'g: "Ctrcmg ve. quy mo ~~ trlhh dg d~:·
 .. ·

:::~13i~~~f~!~lrJ91_
ch U:c thgc' ·thi ch'!ri:h "sach, c'O-n··dfi:c ifing ·1&p:;nh&h:.d~Ja ',bnl'.rhg. :·
;: "
d6i 'ttrQ'ng tfrrfc hi~n ·ah!nll slich. Nli cr -ii-jr ·nhan 4~n ·V.u~ ·~a ), ·: ·
ngtroi truc-tieE iham-a.hrhh~n:imrc naa muc ii~u airiili. sach·;: ·~1·'. "'
. ~1{~. rrg~·-~iep ~th\t-htt~ri~:;:friirig}qi'rci?trt~g l~.it& ~hlnhi:sa~h:. ·. ·~
.. .
Neu ·mqt. chinh sach dap. frrtg. (foqc nhu du fhJ!c t€;"cua x~ h9i' ~.·
ve lTIIJC rieu Va bi~ri PMP. thtra haph th1 nci'se n~~nh· ~hong.di li:. . .~~
v.ao ·long d~n, duqc nlra:n dan ·ung h¢· thtjc Ilffe~n. Con. m9.t i
ch~nh ~ach. ~~~~.thi~t.:thy.c v~i ~(t~.. s~ng~ ?h~n: ~i~~ k~6~~
pbu h.qp·va1 che~ ki~n va tr~~h a<?.·!11~~ ~'? c~~ dan t?l:s::~i tay
chay ho~c "bo rai khong thlfc hi¢~. 'Tam l~i, m¢t chfnh sa9h.. ~~!D ·
11
··(I.:n '. "'
mu6n duqc trMn khai. thgc.hi~n. tot vao .d:Oi s6ng x~ h¢i d~ .. y~
phai c6 s!J'dong.tl.nh._iing li.¢ cua nhan d~~-·DuJ1:g·nh.~Ud d~}r._ ~
cua Bae H6: ''D~·'tram litii. khong' dan cf,iri:g chiu,.·kh9 v~n. !art.:~· ~·

dan 'li~u cilng.xong". . 1i

4. ·NHUNG"Y:t:u·-ct:u cd BAN b.ch v6t .i6,,ca&c.···~ 1

.

THUC'.THlCHINH
. . ··. '• ..
SACH.
.
. . ' .
. .

,.
Vdi viec thi.rc hieri mi.tc ti'eu cihfah'.sach·.fa cu .:rh~·. ro.
,·,·

rang, chlrth.~ac. oiy Iiy~~,c~Q· qu~.:t~ngiA~lf :t~e~.d~.:thtt. :·.

Mt m9i ho~t cl¢ng thtjc t~hf chXrili ·::sach ,~Iieo. til¢t d!O.h: h,il'6n~•·' .
cf!a nfir.r m¢l 00~11 qua~ Icrnjtf!l} v~· glatph'orig::th~--do_. ·'fh.IJ'c· th! ..
chin.h .s~qh .!~ ~hfi~~:ho~i d~~g' ~~ tn~ ·s~Iti ~!;i·~a~qµjltj;;q~jiI); .J~~-.. ·
nha nuoc va cac dol tuqng chfnh sach nMm :d~t 'nhiirig ·mQ·c ·.
lieu Jrl;(.CJiep.JJng ~Gi moj m~-c:>tieu :.tr!fc)iep-.nay:ta 'hhfrng· . ·:
-- -- -- ----~-- ~~-- ---------- ·--~- --·----;;--,~-~-- --

98
 }'chuong~ ttfoh, d1pin c~ the. Ket qua thi;l'C th,i.clifoh sacl1 theo
qua trhih ho~t d¢ng lfong tfrL!g thoi k~ . auqc hrqn,g hoa J:i~ng
i ·,rih~.ng thuqc <!o"c\l th~.·T~n..g hqp'ket
qu~ .thl[c hi~i:I .m~c ti·:u
... cua cac· chtrO'ng trlnh, dlf an va cac ho~t ~Qng ~hJ!C .thl khac
.I -·~:;, thfi.rih int:tG· ;tie·u::<:hung ·cu<f-ch1~h. ·~¥.:C'h~ :. Th~o ··~'ftu.Y~:n l.9 _v~n
·l'~·· .499g..da,-·.ltiuon .JhJ!c .hI~n'tlIBiiff ·c;q~f~K2' d1t~h' ,s~c~"}iha
~- ':~~'.:. ,.:n~a~ pµa.i~~ac.:aj~h ~.~.c.'r.~~~tj'_:~~~.!.·W~~i~s~i,~k.;~~~~~ rh·~~··~9:t!~&,
-:;~I~;.: .,ro .r;ang va.: !=ht,tan "Xac.· '£Jong th.m cac:;..ca qu~~cql;.!Y.~nJ.r,.~ch
·: i; -.ph~~·:·:tri~.n.:, khai "di±<ic' ·:m~c ';ri~~'?cijiiii?~~~~·:;Vii~ri~~::nh~~g ."ke
• v .J: .l?-:9'!ch '.(_~.chtr.on'g· tr)nh:-'c.¥ th'6. .. .,.. ·:" ·· "

.~ ·';f.·!fr ·: ...:·4;i~'r.¢'~-c~.~··4~:~.,b~o:
..
~fotr.·n~ tfofol5
'.~: ·. id ditrc;th!ft<thi .;chfnh .sii'ch '.la:mqt h9 Ph.~n. qZ(µthanh
ti' tro,ng !=h:~ trl.nh ·chi.ni'i:sach.. ·No ket. hqp.ch~i'die:: \,&! cac~b9
~j; ;gh~.~,:·~~,~<;~~rQ~$·,:~h¥ !ffoh·:i~o b:~zr:·m9r:M. thcSng_A~?~~.;n·~~t.
!~ ·Dfg?y qu'.~:,it!Jih. -t6 ;c1;urq)h\jc·.rhf t;;urifba9·.gorif o;hf~u
bmS'c hqp
~~· ·'Ih·a~h mgf h~ th61Jg1 VI ,thf~hi !l¥n..M~.~ :.~6.,;s~JICJ~'!C 'thi
.· f: c.hfnh ·~.~ch''iG~n '.'.~Ai~t. ·p~~i .'.~·~.Mfk~?..,ii~~-:h~~.'.tq~ni. ~I~P.m~ ,~6i
· ··~· gua;r:rlnlJ:.N9fati'ng~:cu'ii+tifildWtb:6ng· brio go.P}.~:~M~,r.h&Jr.g ..mt.tc 1

,, \~eu. va bi¢n phap c~a chfnh .sach; h~ thong"t~oti'g"t~,phrrc bq

'f{ :' 'T~1~ .S? ~l~(~cl~~~c· fl11' f;~ifn)j ·~s.a¢h;-h~'i.t~.6nri' #~.~i,:: <lt~u.. ·h~~.1:,
l~: -~~;3,~ :~r,sp;:.~~'~f;;~~~P,?·: ~~,:,ttrong trqng;;SU:dt;mg_' eon~. '~~"·~h.rnn
l s~~-l~ vo~: F·~.c :~.g?~ c~:·g~a.n 'ly *~·ac.·'cua<NM mroc:'·D ie:u· nay co
·'f . qii :t!J;ay dl\:QC::Jr.qp,·g \oJ;re; •te, ·nhi~t( dia<pforJJl1g i:ia li;h:6ng .coi
·\~ · tr9.ry{b:.~9'.c,·;P.~Pi~l$,~. '.t;t~ye~·:·tr.uy~~{chfnh,,s<lcl~ nen" ~hie~ ci8~
!;· .: ttrgifg'.:chfrih· sitch!,y~ ~~:'.·can ~1:i9, ,cong ~i+U'.q dl:ry '•i.rl:lr~c ·fiep
~~. khon~~·h.ilu.i,q v,:~.~-ifs"#~µ ril:lfnlt'·s~th~.HQ suy dien~ caibieri
.t. .9.i:m.t;tG Jleu: V.i.b,i~.n ph'~P·.chinh·:sa¢Iii··ll¥m ¢hcLGhinh sach ttn
r · :khO' df.v:ko cuoc·:s:o.no-: · ·
.. , • . . -. "".".. .. . . "·,': ... - .. b·
· ·
'l.
"
.!·f . ;.· ·
·t
·(.·.
-l'
}· ..
··
. . . . .. ' ... - ·1
. . "

"1'T6f;l1iif~~i:kh9d~·c6' l;g~~a. Vi. ~~-~n~_'ra thl/~'~i~n.mQr.~:· .

~ :

r:;ch' may. mqt;; I~ Jdnh·Y~'.-:.fihp.:d#g'.thlr¢ rh11c·th,i .dqfnh'. sfi.ch.c::ua . ,

Nha nirlJc. ·Tuy:_:th~~;.@.Y#i~d1~~- ki~J!:£~:;rn,(rt1l~ie.rfh~nl1Jn¥¢ ·;J. -~~
·111~n at'b~Cfc-cho hqp if_ Vf:nhtivl~ ~h6 bii!'n, tti'yen·truy~n. §.
~hfoh sach kh6ng .~hat :~hlet phii ,dt;i :di~n tn,.rc tie'p giiia can .·1· "r

b¢ di~u hanh v6i cac d61 rirQ'~g thgc ·(hi •..ma th~c-'hi~n ke'i:· lii;ip· ~'- · ~-
b~ng ntiieu hlnh thuc da. dq.ng. phortg: phu:· ciing,.khOng: phii ·'
chi thuc hien mot· Hin .ti:ircrc klli thtrt· hith, · m~ tien: h~nh. ~ "'
th~crng. x-uyen, d;n ~e.n. .rrong. su6t:q~~:tr.1rih'..th~c fht c~fo_li: ~­
sa:ch. Ho·~c ngtrOi V~n aqng tlr1;rc thi ·chiriij 'sach ~~ng chi ~­ ia:
cac ca quan quan ly nh~ .m.r6c,.ma:con c6 nhleu hfcilf!C. chfrih ~­
tr~·. chinh ttj'~x~ h9i khacci'ing:tham:gfa·m~ d~t ket .qua tot. ·
. . ~-

4~3. Y~u d.u cac e~ ·:qua~ nh'it nt,tP'<:.: p!lai'. tiam .b:ao
.Unh khoa '~Qc, hgp i~ v:a pb:ip If· tr:o,~g:.tei': ~hu~- thljc ili~n
chinbsach cQ'rtg · · · · ~

Yeil c~u pay dai h.oi 11¢: th'png"b¢ ~ay:quan .T1 n~a:ntt(Jc. ~­
pqa.i g9n·•. nh~ du nang l\l'.t.=16 c}1:t!c thitc lii~r(chin]f:s~foh the::i. :!
quy trlnir khoa :Mc; Tinn khoa hQc·t~~ .bi~n;,tx'.citi~ tjJ1a';tFlnh· t6 ~'.·~,,­
chl!c thvc th.l.chiilh sachJavi~c phQi hWJ nJ4p-~haiig.~gHii cac
CO' quan quan ly chfo.h :SaCh0 Vi¢c ihU hiit cac· ,ngUOii· }lJ~ htrOng
manh vao thlIC. hi~n ~UC' tieti Chfrin Sach, h)nh thanh cac
1
·•··
:~ .'
~-:
ch:U.crng:trlnh:dt;r a~ d8 tlu.jc,hl:~n co hi~·{q:iia.::m~t· di.tnh. sich
v. v... Quy trlnh .th1jc thi 'chfnh sach l~i ch;!u arih: htibng cua ..
nhitu yeu t6"khi no duqc trH~n khai v~o doi song·xa'h{ii. ·:sM .
v~y tfnh khoa h9c cu~»qua trlnh to.th~¢ thljc .thi.chtnh sac~ -·~~
pha.i t:hf hi¢n dugc-suc $orig d~·1einr~' trod:g tht;rc:re~nhtr: n'r9-c: '.~ ·.
ti~li ClJ th& cua ~hfoh s.i~h pltlli._'phti h<1P. v&i mt:c tieu phat ;.I~'.· .·
tri~n ·dta-dja phucmg:·trong itrng thOi .ky; cac bl~n <phatKhJ!~
.if "' .•

1~ I
 ·.· ~.""::;.·:;:-~ct<·?.'·
ien:111uqjfeu .'~hfofi·,sa~h .Ehiii-::~ua!lg.~o-. V.cri 1r1nh A9
t•;.-:;;n.:t:.t!:~~... ·!..! ,":!..;-~··:~b;·.~:r;::.,;.~ -!:.:..;;.;-:-~.. ;..-:~r:.~l-·· :1.:; 1:.· .. :. (:8:·.'~~_...., . . ~J·:.r:· :~ ·fN·
n~.~n
~ -:h ........·.. ·..
ii.#:. vk1 ~ ~JlZJ:!Y~i1~~i'.i~·;:vl.t.µ,g1flfl.y :~.i~.'phir~g lf.,V,, .•. '"" lf ..Y,r;.Y
,.MO.ii~!
. .t·~··.:r.t f1i'~ . .iftl¥c"li1~rr.2~:c
4-P;- -'"'..'~•'I.'-:-,..-:.!.
·
ba6¢:·111e.c::~'\1·'":
~1t;'•,.., •·~.·f"I'...,. ;.~·· .•~ ~~\1'.t/ "·;"~"f•~-
..,. tH:.'•:.O :.1 ••
1
ft.iil\{ .
\;o•.\•,"'j:"•'i • •!"'.'
'lc1ioalibc .~<>t
l''•; •', • • ,.•·:

:ma:
t; .. '•) t {• ';

."4~6ii_::rnk''Y'"ih'&."1lW:~~6ttP:Wl1ttih:111uc>'.fe"ffea cffan"tach.
~(thiiGit6 tci&i±b!.thi;tt .~·tb:i. :¢!:irrib ,. 's:.tdli ¢b.b;(pht{tqJ?/·Y~/J'·'.~<!Y. 2 tr ua
· • ' • ' · "" •· ·! ·• ... · - · · • :r.·r : · .• ,, · " .... · · .. ·
· irrnn:x~~~o: fl.ilng·~tvln'fp~~.M ~~nl'l:~e'o:'.6'.iPi' ~$4:Y~n ~;~:~tpli!lp "~x: '~~
!;!~~i~~t~:;:~~~~t=~=:~~(~J~ft,~~i:
. sach ia. ·~~~~ ch~p h~~h -·ca.c :6hedinh.ve ·tJl!Jc~rff.r'.c~rah,'.sich
': hhtr: ttac;h ~hi:¢m~:·quy~·i:lh~ ·Cila .cad. chuc,: ca· nll,~n dtryc to
·:;(g}·ao. '.rP.it9\~hi .~c~frtlf ~~i:}i/rb:rftVt:::gi¥i.~:q-~:Yi{ ·6'ad '.¢~r-i:quao h~
·ti.:ong th~c thi cJJinh 'sa.,ch; -crrClrtg.;.chf thl[C hi~ii'. ··chfnh sach
.: :~?g~·;~h~~~}f~~rw~~~ ~ £€rtt11.~.~h . . :; _.
. :.: . . r"~'J{ft't h~p ;2.~c:~ifAli i:i;:h~Ftren"ftrong ·:mqi ::yen :cifo'· to chuc
>.;jµ ~~.:~·~·h:~¥iti~;~a.j::h'}i~. g~ujJ i:t~~g ,:¢~tr hJ~li ;1vc: ithrfc' ;thi-~c.ua

Trang k~;":h,9f:··t)luong ton· tq.i ·nhi6.i.i ·nh6n1 19i fch, cac

. nl~6m1gi f~q)~i.bi~~ a9\l:g1l~eoJ*9.~g g·ian,va thqi_.gJan. Tuy
.. ,:._
.
ch~o: t:r~h ~tr'~~, ~A~(~¢i
:_.,..·,, : ......).•.·
'cht.~-9.
'!<-:~>~••'. ·.:: 11:;."'. .\ I ~
",,:..t,.•J,•:i
-~~ h9J." ma:4:>rt1¥9m·
~)
ic;1i rcri:·se "".•;•/J • .' •. •.•., ., . , , ·

.~ ~-~gF !li;it..h.!!,gl):g kh.:~s:;nlt.~µ: ·. D.~gi r:;lie'.go ·xa. ;Agi.. tu ·o.an, ·nh6rn·

,~~~ii;a,~t~Jt~tii~:tiigt~:;
,:1i;Wf1ricfr~;g tfont·x:a\h{iJ h,ang. chfnfr,~~cn, .J)~: :c-6ng::c~t n~y: pMt
10!
 ::)i:!J~filt~!~!:~~~f!;~~:'.·',
man·g-·i~i i<if.rc1l. cbo'irior c16'rnrqng·.Hi~c:1il'~n'1:.i·t~~nxiJi~i: ......
Kit h<;tg ca~!i~h . ~Wl'.U,r.en t!roqg:;;yeu·.:cau ·io:cht'.ic·;tl11:rc:m(~~ :•
chfnh ·s~~h--·~a ·grup:riailg ·caoJii~u ~lqe ·rn~c:=rfil 'cua. ctin:~·"htc", tff :;. · ' ·
~hue th\!c hi~n.cnfrihsach.,cua cac ca·q~an; quan ly·nha·nl.tdc,'l
Ciong ihbi con cung eo. niem tin cua cac '.doi tuc;tng:'f::hfoh \s£ch l ' . ,:
vao NM. nmk · . ·.j

5. ~A'G HiNHi;ffirc·;rRlfNKHAiTflVc Hl:$~'CH(ffii l ·

S:ACH ··;. :; : .. }
.Curig voi nQ:frng. dtt kien· v<rca;c.~br.ro.C>v~ ~hu;itf.bi 'da:td~ · l
di~u. ki~n thtjc·:tI:fr·.¢.hlii~·::·saCih;.':c<ic\:ii&:i&iitqit':<i:i£rt·ng~l,~n,cliu: · ·.:1
h.ra chon hirili thll'c trl~n:·khal thi.tC: hien chinh:·sach .:cho phu
h~p v6i di~u. ki¢n tlltrc: ."t€~ .fimh thu~ trli;n. kh·~1.: th'l,c bi~n i
ch!nh sach dtrcic hi~u la eac.i~ tht~tilf chirc·cifta c:lzifilz .ilfch··viio
rlwc rlii nha~ a~t ·duqc nh\i'ng .yeu ci~·c.ua quan iy. 'Ti:~ng.
ih11c te co rihi~u h1nh thuc td~n khai, song ~i;u· trung l~i co
m9t .s6 filnh thll'c chll yeu sau: · · ·
. ,1 .. • ' ". • .~.
5.1. H:i~h tbll'<:.thtjc.hi~n tU'.t:t:.en'xu9ng ... •. :
Chtnh s:ach cong, ~a, Nh~ n\l'o~. ho~~h"~h, .v~, t6, .~hµc ·'.· ,,~;
thgc thi, rien hl~·?· .thilc:.tp_~:~~iic:·.tri~n: ~ii·:t.h\Jc:~~f~p:~h.{nh;~~~h.: ·
ru treu xu·Ofig noi chµng .l~ ,thu~n I9LTt.uoc :khlti€n ·~an:·~ tr1~n· . :l •
l·
·khai, Nh~ nu6c chu dQng.x:ry diµig kl ho~ch, ~Pl!~n ,bj ca'c.....~·l ·
d~eu. l~~n ve v~~ ·c~~it 1 ky tb.~~t ~a n?~n s1r de th~~·::th~ chf ~h l,
__ -~~~~: _1_~~-n-~~~~-tr~~~. t~~:_th1 c~~n~s~ch~-~-~~~ri_tr~c.~h~:~d~>n;~ . 'J
. . ...... --.-~'i
102 ..,::<·m:
. ~ ~~,
·t·
 :·~n1, tr'b. aon doc bang cac phuong ti~n ky rhu~~ hi~n c6 hay
.&,ng ~Qi ngii :,ca,n bq, c6rig chtl'c. cua mlnh. Khi phat hi?n
·,th~g saJ 1¢ch·v6 n,¢i ·~ung ~l)fn,h sach, ,ke ho~ch cci .chd:c th~c
·:thi Ya .i::ong tac r~ien 1chai thi/c --~~~Jt,.-~~-~. . !l~&?'~,;-~!P..,.t,4,9~ .d_ieu
·.f~i.~A'J~?,.q;:su.p'g•.i~m\'¢hd'li~~~·;d§ij~-;-~hy~~ ~t~:·;~~~:~i~cg,,:d:i~:~·~a
1

'Lduti&':;n'h.II:~dfohYlf,.rqtigFN~uhJl~;f'\i1~i{611inh:
.:··•·•' 1 '~" .::.~"tc-~'
.\ .... • '!' • • ··~· ·•. I,. • ...:
sung ·¢6: g~P
.t· . . ::•......·.~·.i"'"'l.C.Jti''N·'"·•'- .";1..1· ····:~
']iof
1 1
.. .,.. '

.:~'Kha.· khari:;!~:nruircae 1.uoi ii&&hf~iiifr ·, sach,.Jhl. ,i:tha .nuoc .y~n

... H•J•: ··:~·.··,r: "; ...... , ':":··,,".- ··, ·•\:;.w:· .•~ .. .,·:...:· :j~'.~:.p.1-~r:fii°}~··• .. f;..: :~:~;: ..'····· •.•
' :• .cJ5:.th~ ,dung;~quyenf.lt'.rci'boil&·a·~.r J.H,efi~;\cach.d.6,.tao:,ra. su

. .~ 'i(t~~:~~~::~~~~~;~~:~~~rt~;~;;~1b,~:~;;i :~h~h
. ~/. ;;_:T.uy.~,nhieri.~:-~~~}l~u1u:9:~p~f·~~rg'.\;E?. ~himE P;iµl chi?:. ni1at
. mniv:fri~;·i::~u~I? t.~~-~~P.·~~~·::y~Jf~~s,.-P~!f~.1.~~'.-~~at,µ~y ctuqc .rrnh
: ··~~P-NH:rt_g~ t~oiti~ oth.ffe'ftht~~#ih''.~a~J;i~)'4~·p.y;~q~c ·co,quan N.ha
r;n.~p~ ·. ~furgqg1 lX:uy~h?·th¢o ::&o(.vfo~ fri~n ;J<:hai.'Jhuc::t.lii chfnh
~ish,.:.nh.utig.;v~~ idrJ ·'n1i'~~i ~h&ii;g:' ~i~,!~~%~~~~i~~;::v.oi.·cac· ctfii
· tiiqng clifnh,.·sach va moi .tnr&ng·th!fc t(i;h!.nh':s~9.b q~ng dien
• ""' -· . " . . . . . . •,.,:. ............. ,,,.....,~·;;-:.····'.;.;. 1 111.•• ,,,·.,

r!l,:P~·,chl:i :.tiJ:i_~µyqc'.thririg·nl1ai"lgf.icH~vo_i
·;_; · .;,,,.1 ~). :. . ·r:-..
::a:ii;cf<'j.... $Q)iM.n.
. . . . . . . . ._..
d_,ap
... •r ,._•···". ••
",·.~.·~:.·.'·.~.: •• :.. ·-'. ... ,.·-.j··~~·;.t~ •.i:..~ 1

· ;:" tl:J.1. -1Y#n, .c.tt- ,tP:n,•Jai~~inhun'g~~nli5IT! 'lcif·ll:SrP-!niiu".~ihii~n!.voi Nna

;ut~. :. -ri ~~~:;·~~;~~~,-~~Q~i:w1;ilii~on~;i~~~-~~: a~~~i.u~~~~~&.~~:f.~t~:~" :~~i~t.i ·;.
1

·ilffi ·. v.¢~,,p:l;J.P:ng;J:ig'\i?:tLe6:1~on:gt;,waiifod )ilitrn°~tcr~ihi1c·:,ca-;rihti.:n:::eo·.y ..

· ii.•· ~.~~~i:~i~~~:;~~~i·.:~~~/~~~/~¥?''.~?~~~~~&'~~¥4lff~~x~l;:~0,-~ 3J.9.~c
. I~ .trO.zfa/ii~il kihh-te':'.r.h1.~u'.,.i.n~~:':-pl1~i1:;fi~'.~~:::ff91ig'..lile~··ccn:£~ th!
.:;.~I·:·I ;:;nng~a~h~;::;c~r~i~ Y~Jh%~{~t~i~~:~;~Qki":~t~~~~
~hfr;Il& kb;~_~ri: ~~~-k~qJJ.g ry-. riga.n.::'5~ch, 1·~1~t fa t~·?tnh'. pll.~·n_ ·1d1}h
. ~~1}
,
.te1. n'h~:.-~~$<;- .
r:~· · .1 •
. . 'J
..
~ '~ 1\11pn-g-..chi:cQ.:y~y; '!:drc·' c~n .bO~ i;:png _cnuc .tna.~.:gi;,1 to
· · l. ·chcfo>·r~zy.q.;,(~f~hfbh ?~cb,-ld1ang·:h&art tp,~~i_#q~g ~h~~ V6:~
Irr: ·
cac
. ff!:
~ ~~: :.
·.
, ,f.. 1'03

' :.
 . . ,f.. '. ~:J.·
.···;
. . .. ·. :· .. ". . . ·,·>>it. ~
·· doi uri:;m~:'ch.1nh ·::;~c~~ ~9,.;.P:C.~~ 1\'.!'.. lri:ih;IP::thFl~lt~-"nha~~: nen·:·{: ~,
yeu citu nhi~m" Vl;l va. 'C:ach:tf!U'c, ,ho~t ,~9~1~r.kl.IOng:;gJ6.!l.g:Ji:b;;;.u; ··L:
__ .v1 thegiU'a h~ ccY¥bMtit~atlt 'Ngay . ~ffra:·~~c. c~p.q~~-:~t.~~ .f.,.
~ :co-~f
···ntr&c. ·ciJn"tl' 1
"1..'tia...n"a.·.·cac-i
~. . . ~u .'. ·ve tif
. bh'i:f:c:. . . .'ihi ·chfoh'.
. th:·uc. . sc1):h. ...•·v
.Thong ·thucrng:c~p Trting. !icing cpu' toan:µon stfvoi-c:ap 'dia X
phtretng trong· vi~~· to chifc tn<in khai thv:c.thi.chlnh ~ach; c~n. i
b¢ rhua hanh fnon trQng keho~ch hanh ciQrtg hcrrica-c can b9 ·;
chi dq.o, di~u hanh. Th~c·tt d6. ia do mc>i d!a phuang'cC; r(l9t 1
di~u ki<?n kinh ~e:;.chfah tri:'xa hQi,. moi ~~1.~'crtl'g·1Ci1a~ nBari:·ne·n "l :
vi~c t6 c~ii:c.·i:ricin ~hai.thi;l'c fl:ii chfnh sicb ei1ng. pbai '.!<h?c ·i\1··.
t:!hau. Nhiiri.g h~n ·chenay d~ lam cho ;i::an bg, cong chuc,nha ; ·
nucrc tro thanh quari lieu. · '
.. ·.
·l ·
. ~g~~i_ra ca:~·t~yc·tri~n·~a~·rta¥·,chi'.ihie~~~f~rif.da
cap d1eu .narfh ma 1t quan t&m 4,en.11:gu.y¢n.v9r,ig cua.d6t .tuqng
.i·i
chtnh sach, n~n thti:0ng <::6 hi~n tircjn.g.d6n ep bang m~rih l~nh 1
trong tht;rc ·thi chl~h ·sach, Um cho ::qui trlnn
thl;tt. '.ni~n ·chinh "~
. sach 'ft thiet ~h:f!c·~ man&, ~ng Unh .phong ·trao, g';fy: Hing 'phi ~
c:k nguon h;c rrong th.t;cc tht chinh ·sa:ch. ~· 'f

l"
5.2. IDnh tht1'.cth·1.rc hi~n:t:tt du6i leiF ..
. ... • ' ! ..~ . .
1J f'1-:;..

D~ :kMc· .Pb:.~c· ·~hu:ng nh~Q.l>' ·di~i"n >cua hl.rih tliii.c i:d~n · ·~~. :~.
khai th¥c .tiij chinh sach ·~·u- t:r.~-n. ~~u6ng/ .u;_iu:oi ta ti~fl. fianh J '·
nghien cU'u hinh thfr~. rri~n .k!:\ai. ttr Q.u~l fan. ffi~h' th:U'c:.nay ·i "'~
duO'ng ohtt nguqc ·r~I vd:i blQh: 1h_qc .t~\ren xu6.ng; ~Tiif'"ri hanh f.
theo hlnh thlic chfrth:1;i'uy~n 'dta phuong de cil'.p chu:dqtig '
nay: i.
rrilfo khai d1ta chlnh ~af~Y~Q
'cl!4G: s6ng.·theo Yeti; :phat- c~ti :~1,·~:.
tri~n .cti;a <lfa phucmg mlnh. Cac brrcrc td. chlic: thiJc thi' riling ··
duqc tien -hanh theo nguyen 1-y chung, khoa hqc ttr xay O:rjng ·-~( ,.,
·~·
.::1.:
. ~i
104· ·~(

~.
 "'.:;k(ho<;i:~h .rht;r~Jt1i. d~~. ;~~.nJ:i.. iia·t~:r!g .¥~~.rh~sJ1i~p .ch.fry.h .~a9h .
• • ;,.; ••• \ . ; . . . . . . . . -.. •• ~· .:. " · · •••••• w . ; · : ; • .. ... ". :.-.···· .. • • • -~... • • " •

Theo' h!nh rhuc nay; .cil:c,idja:'phuq'i:1g :r;.b;u 'd¢ng cri~n- khai

:: thf!c hi¢r{ .9hihh ~ach {heo nhfrn.g qie~.~~~~.f:..i~p.
, · • i "; ;. }.. :.• ...
~6,1 phum ct~r _.,:~·-.:· :-;• .... '.::.• '"J ·"':.~r: ~ .'f,;,
1

. m~c .tieu phat trien trong tun·g··:rh(Ji k:Y~ Bai:ig each dq ~ac cl\a
.': p~trq~~ f:il.i;J;: d9nt. tlm hlerz{ CaC giai ph~1i I6_':2h~C. th!fC thi 1

.·:.~il~f*~=~~i~f!~~~~!~;~~~!~~~;
":arnU: .chinn-hd- sJmg cho phii -b.qp/ .Chinh .sach eta chinh qu'y6n
·. d.ia.phqp:11~·ch.~-cJ9~gJri~n _kh<i.i tplf~ ~~~rp~!Jb:ng mang l~i lgi
• • ~ • •, "· , •, 1 ;• ,. • .-.· ,.·. •I;,. t ,~ , .- I • , ·, ', ·" • . .

' i¢h''ihfet'tl)i;ic 'tidij:'clio.:'¢~c:·d6f ttrqng:J;:b,fn:h. s.~c~ ...,~1 ngoai sv

·. :'.rie;:~c:··~~~~-'.~~c~.~ 6~:1.~1#.·~~;:eBP.h~-~f!t.;~~3~r~,.~~~g .t~~.h ~~IC Pi?
_yqua'.C.hfnh qtiyen· d!~j?htr9~g.-tru.6;c cg..CJ.4~J.?-..Tr~.rtg J.n:mg.
·
·r.·: --:~·:.r:::,.:. ··. ::~: •. ~:i<···;! ::;_~·:·; ,6·:1·\~·:.;: ~~;·:.-~'.}~· ·~-. ·· 1~·" "~-:.·
1
1 ... ........... • · •·

..... ~ ·~''Beri"'caiih,:.ri:b:ifug:;k€rqua· .dtrac. :coiJa:~.u;u- diem tren ·<lily,

.. ;l ..•.,,
,.;'~ \"'.;•~~"('.ii..t(:•;,".: ~:~;:1;~"'·"~:if-:'f,:.,,{'~,; •,\•;•, ·. :-'A··~:· :.,~.:·.·'.~;,~·? ~·;'• •o '.~ ...~.... ', '' '• '

·'-hJflh_~·i)i~e.:(tf~11P.-:lffi~1;~[.'
•;••ls~ .. ,.{
q_rr,?i,J.M~ ~(J:Qg-.~RJJ~ @1l:tj_g~i9_n. t4.i, kh9 ~ g
-~"-=.)... ·l-!'Jri:i'.f~f,!;
:,::.., , ....... ,_ •' , , •. ·:-;•.'.~":.'J:"?r
• • , :1~:;1r.•1;,"
k han..g_uan -rrong:.sau day:. :... . ._ .,, ··,.. ,,, ...· . ..
:.f. ~- ~~ .-Z'~~Y· .{1:t~~;;.; .;;~. ~~- ~;~~.if~~-1::: ~~\~~~ ~~.ti)~~11. ~ ~~· ~ ~, :\. : .. ~·:. : ~··:~; ~ . . . . ~·

-· "" ,:.7;~·:k?-.~:B1~-:t'.£!$#:.~Ht.n}i.R-~~P:n.~n. i~ir~· . riiieµ·;/t~p ::rr4ng Lrong

·~~ec trienJ&ai.:.clifrilFs·ach~:ya: .cuoc.sono-~:... .... - . ·
. ,.;:··>· :"JY,;:;~~-~~~~~i~~\~£iii!iri.i~~;tr~6~:.~~~:. cac·~q}ir:'.Pn~drtg eo rh~
lair\ caLbi~-ri~m9c. tieu--ch un,g cu~ chinh.~ach~·rihli nLr6c.
_. T:W!?qg.: ~~YJ?kiJ§~g_,'.~{ong :vi~ci dieu ·eliinit b6 sung

'~~~~~G~~]:if:i:;~~:::~~;:;t~:~~;:~::,;~m
i.:tlia: ritr&c, .nhat la. d6j v6'i
giam·Jfnh:'tnp~g:· nh:aftr.ortg,'J:tu'arfly
d~~n~n 'k:irth re~ co·&~nhhtro~g XHCN rihi:r nuoc ta.
!i)nh ~hu.c trierx khai fh!jc tb.i ¢hfnh s;ich nay thm:mg.

i05
~i:::~·:-1~~~~:
 ; .

dtrqc.thl:fc hi~nfJ:cl~::.~.~:~i:rcWL.i~ir;b~tlg ~.6"tw'.~ticli~d¢n~:. :".

ho~.Ngh! V;i.~n;i:l,tay~Cgµ,g::~p~'''.I'.~ngth6:~g_.::N,h:tmg '4~66.:iii' 66· ·:> ·
che-d9-tij-qqa~:~t~eq'.di~.'.J'Pti'~,d:g cab. ·/ - · ·· -·· :::....

s.:a. mnn..tht1'c·hon'.h~p· '· ·

··-T~ :~l:rfr~i -~~.:'·tih:u:~~ ·cfj~·fit:cua :;~.,·fiili~;. t~ uc.·:~::~a·c ...
~ha ·ngnien .,cu~'·91Iµh.~~6l1 ·4.~· ~lro ·c~th. ph~f,ih4y..'uu.:'di~ni~ h~n· ·
· cp.€ nhtrqc· di:~m ciia· churrg ·b~ng c~ch k~t ;hW. Ml·li)nfr tliifo •
4.6 thanh hlnh thU:c h6n.h.w, ;riie7n khai :ri:i chrrc thi,rc thf.chfnh
sach.
C6 th~· mo. ta .hinfr thfrt "nay b~rrg'.sct:d~J<;ha~~ ·r~i~it~:Ji)nh ..
3.1 .. Khisu a~irg mtl ~n1{11:8i{1iqp::tin~~,it.i. ~b;~g n;~iati~·g;
ket .noi giua cap· ho~ch dinh va cap tli\rc thi de t~p ta ~1! d6ng
b¢ irong· tei ch!I~ thtJcthi ch'.(nh sach. Tr~n thiJC: t! pba:n ker
noi dang qria'n tam nhat f~:ki~m tra, dOn. d6-c di~:C'p 'ho~ch
d.!nh vai vi¢c trien khat thge-~hi~n ·vA duy trl !'.=hI@·sa.ch cua .
cap .tht!C thi; bo~t· dgng dieu chinh, bo··:sung V~ d~p qng~ c&c .
yeu c;:tu ciia c~p .thtJc.·t~1i Nhi1hg::nqr diing'l~et .ri6i tr~ri J:I-uqc
dam Mo t6t se t~o thanh·:m¢t:h~·tqong·'th6ng s~6(vc! cac· moi
quan M ho~ch di.nh. - t6 chU-c- th11c tlii chfnh sach cong gifra
cac co quan nha 11uat. ·,. ·
,......
Blth\rc hi~~.cO.bi~u qua.lilnh tb:tfo.'tri~n.khai.nay c<\n c6 . ·;;;w
nhieu di~1;1: k~~n, itoi:ig d_o ~9 <;ti6u.ki~n.·'iie:n:~µ~edA''t.~nh i:i¢. ·
nang· i\fc cua dQ.i .l!gu. ~n:.~·c;i::co'ng,.ch~c'·thancgia·:~o~c;:h din~·: ·'.. : ..
·va:' r6 :chll'c _thtl~; ·1~ -~(~:il phaL9ip .Un;g ·n.hu.ng. yeu .ciiu .nnar . '; . -·~·
d!rin. · .,.

106
 Phan
. '
cong·
~. pho1 hi;ip
:.~ ..
;" ·, " .. ' " .

·:G~P cni:'o~~· ""';·_._,__.,'Pi

: gi~ii Mnh ---------.,.- ·c'hfnh sach
.. ~.!. .' . ~ ..
:ct.fffifr;~iach.
'.··.: . . ,: .. ·...
~
· :-.
"·

' .~ '

··r.:-~-:---~.-.i?-.,.
., . .:I . :. . . -· . cau.
-.. . . l
•. '".:.: :.· 'i1i:i.::'p...' Jn."g' ,'~~u
~.· •. • -:" / ........
...........
' - J
. . .,.. .:,.;·~
'

·Dt:iy·trl ti.~~ p.9..'

.. .... " ·
. .... : ~ , ·
K!--.-,........,----'
 (.v~n d~ng fuong,:Ct61rcua ca'C ye'u: t5 c(u th~nh,·~~;'.~hcihg sari-~·
nhiing ·qua. tilnh: v~n·, d¢.nz,:tlteo·: qiiy 'fµ~[·, tf\~qc ~9f ·i~t.·i:n~ ·~Jl.111 ...
·d¢ng. · · / · · .· ·
" ..... -.........• ;-·

.. ·· ····· -.. ·· . ·"'Mo hfo:h t~ 61ii.fo thtrc thi". chh:ih ·s~ch tlgng' Ja:.·~o hhih .
.. aug!=! thie't.:!c~.va::thf coitg :ttjeo.ci9:p;g~yeri IfV:~it;d¢.itg va:ph~t
· tri~n.cua c~c.y€u t<f·'h:iiP thaiih qu!·:rtlnn/th\fc.thl·chtnh.·:·sa'ch.
Theo each tiep.:4~ nay1.. ca6: rih~·,ng~'!e:n 't.ihi cftfnh ·sa'.ch cfii' .
can dl!~Cvad ket·i'.};!la:y~n·4.9.ng theo qµy-lu~t d1a cac qua trlrih .. .,.
~inh te - xa b:gi' i:ilt;it-dacq. -k~ach ·qui¢ la c6 th~· ll!-0' o\rng v~ ~.
thl!C thi m¢t mo h1rih.'¢l1fntf'$ac'Q:tllfe$,.-,h9p. Nguoi khbi xtr6'ng:
mo hlnh nay l'a.:nha .ldhh .te'.:J:tt?s :ngiim ;My. Sam1.:1e.lson. Ong
cho d.ng, tu quy lu~tv~ d¢ng. cui_n-~'ti:ki.qh te thrtnrong, co
th~ stiy ra cac -quaµ: h~ chfah.'.tri,. xl h~i m¢r each thich. (rng.'
vr d1:1 ·.nhtr tr(?rtg i:i~n:ki.nh t~,,thi.thi~~g,,.:cic.sanP.hftm lam ri
ngay c~·g nlii~u; ~hong'· phu, d~. d~~g ·la do quan 'hl cung. -:.
. cau;' san ph~m lam ta· cq cljatlqqng .~g~y du:lg cao;. gi~ thfoh
. ngay tang- h~ la' do qtiy ii:i~t c~nh:tfari!1; c~h ~r.anh dftri., den.
pha. san hang lo~r doanh nghi~p va ·a:O. d6 la9 d¢ng b_i duoi ra
auqng, xa h¢i tra Mn mat tr~t tl;f va. khong con 1-0.~ th oat .. · ·-·
Nhttng co thl khoi thong be c~c do b~g cong_ cl} chrrih sach "1

cua NM. mrcl'c' rihii chinh sach canh tranh lailh -manh~ chinh ...
sach khuyen khich ph~~:.iriin vi~~ lam, chi11h.~c;h,thu hll.t lab. · ---: .
cl$ng-, chong dQc qtiylirt v.v... Nhi.r.v~y$l}' ;u(t:hi~n:Nha ntroc ~ -
vm v:aLtro tr~ giup cha n1!fo: Iqnh .te thi ~?;trig ci1n:g l_a ~9t quy ·l'
lu:}.non tifi khich quan. ·· · •·.-' ... ,. · - . \; ·
Th~a nguyen ly :rhier. ke mo hlrih. ire~ d}y, G"hdng ta v~n \'- ,
d1,mg cho lin'li VlJ'c t6 cHi'.It. fhi;r.c thi.:q~inh ·sa~~. vr·4~. tron,g ·· ..
b~ac trien khili ch!ri.h s:ach, di thu hilt du~c :cac· d-Of itrqng ·:I'. ;~ ·.
chinh sach tl;T gi~c .tham gia thJ!c. :hi~n ~chfah sath, can phai -~ i:,
'·~ .)·
. ' ..
~';
 , . . ,_ .~ · . ... .. . . · . .. . ,.~. ... ,Ytxi~ .
na-y, . mo. :h'tB-~rt~ ·q9~;~0,a~. ;d~a .t.r~.!l ;cip . S:g th,U.i:::~.~•~n;,'Ci~:;Ut1t~, l
14tfm.:vaAva. :cil9n. ·m~ ~~.h~~ :cf)1.4Y.':Vo''JM .11~u.:.t:~ m9f;s·o.
·aacfu :·!
ll;l'aiehgn.r!J.o,·"rifoh'J6·cl+~c:~sai.ni~yt,
· ·· · · ~ ·· .· ·. !
6~2.I•.Lifa "Ch<Jn'.mo· hi'ii~ ·d;{~:,.-tf~n, cu.so- !.¥.gff!..c czia·
ngztOi thr/t: th'~ chili~:s3.dli ". ....... • . .. . .
· · ·rvret111ii1)'. n~y~~d~~c/[1ii~(?rG.ilrri'ii'.'.~1~~" q~d~; ·~~., v1 . no·1;:
·phm ct:rQ'ng:bu¢ tfil/.e1li:~n. Ntu trtQi .t3::.ch6<:, ca nhttrftbam gia:
.th\l'C hi¢n Chfrih siicfi::d6i.l CQ,'tr~ch nhl~m ho~n tJ:ianh nbi~tn VtJ
di:rqc giao m{)tc~ch t¥.giac··rhlse:·ti&'Ki~r:n·dang,k~';nl1i:rrtg chi··
·phi' v~ nhan: thl. '1t 'ii.re va
thbi gian ..;ie· tP,1:,fc hi¢n m~c .tieu
chfoh Sach. t)~c ..bi~t ·VOi C~C dcii' ttrqrig chfrih's.a~h, tfnh .{If
giac ghip hi;> ket. th~nh m¢tsti'c m~nh t&ng hgp d~ ihl!c· till
chinh 'S~ch; .dong: ihai giup· h9 chu' Ci¢!rg. tiri:t ~4E'ni c-5.c bi~n
phap thgc hi~n mpc ii8ii, :'chfoh sach; ·1rsh ·eve t4am gia .· vao
ho<J.t d¢ng quan ly cpa c~c ~q. quan n)la:. ntroc d{d·9ng' g6p xay
diµig de phrrang ~n "t6 ~iuk thiJc· th{, ·,giam sat tinh·:hlnh diei.t
han~ .thgc thi -.diJ~li sacht C~ch lt!a ·:cb.Q.n nay 'thubng ·(Juqc
th!Jc hi~n anhung'nu6c.96.n~n ~inh tepJ;iat tri~n. chfoh trj 6n .
. djn·h, trlnh ·d¢ clan tdocao. .
6.2.2. :Lua·.Ch~n mo hinh dua·ctr.~n"c.ct :s.il: it.Uni tin ctla.. .
nguifi tirg:c thi. vao dH,i~K.~dth
. . . e:'u~ ·Nh'a nituc
..
". ·
• * • • :: ·-
Tron.g thi;rc .tf co khcmg· it ·cbthh i·fa~h cOti_g duqc thtjc: .
hi~n theo m6 h!nh'p.a:y. Nhih\g tnrang;.h<JP.;CaC c~(nh sac~ ,ke_ '."~
·tiep nhi:i.n mang.!ai !oi.foh.cho,d6i-tuang:,,ch.fah s~ch.·va ~oan xa ·' ;:"
Mi se 1a;y duc;tc iort~trn ~ua·d!n e:liang.:'vdi,..na.ng.iJtc, pM~11' .·
chat cua mlnh.<:ac:t6·diuc .ci nhii:n'chiuttach"Yihiem. t6 chil'c': "''L
·'r
tri~n khai htori'tlmr~ nnifrig; giai ph:~1f~6i uu d~th~~ thichlnh. ,,_;];.
-
-sach
--·-·--
-~
cong· m9t·cach c6·ni~ii
--~--- -·-· ----
qul v!·cung·t~o difqc 'f&rig
--·----·-----·----~---- ·---·-·-
--~··-~-~- --··~-----·· ·-----~--
'ifn 'd1a. .--~

• 'T'
'.; .
:· ·--
•
. '0:::"'•f·

.·:<,~r~
HO :;.::! .
·.. ,:.";f
, ''I
'. ~,:t .
 -- 'f{t~··

.·Jl~nhan dA~. v.
.

ao·Nha ~~6.c .. M_9t i~i dan c~t\n~ .co ~iem tin, v6,i
:·~.Nha 10~<:1.c<t}:;'i h9.se ung hQ m91 ca·che chfnh sach _do Nha
....[f"'i11r6c dtra ra'\ra"chap h~nh ch~!}~ rtl.Qt· each t!f;giac. Trong tht!.C
w te, c6 nhung long .tin· d:i.tgc de cao va ~em so sanh voi, l,?:mg ~in
·!,'. ,y.ua ::n~an>::4·a:,n.\·y~o ~a~gi xa>J.'T~a~ #i!~c ·tn11tr l~gg·: ii.n; ~~~{'~4ua
&· :cu.a :·ca.c·':c~fi:>thi.~&~tuiy :ta/nfi~ng': ca1f;pn11.rrrmriaong !.~qng
'.f ··c~at;':t1~~:kli;~~g}~~!:i~:~~~~~~ :·.~.:, : ..::tt ,:;· '..~·· ·. :.·.: :...,. _:" ..~:\·;··'!'
..·.. •'. ..... ·

·; · '6:1j.' '1.:'1.pi:':ci{§it~'"ffi'o. iizp'fi ;, <lriir"~7/¢ 11 ·,cu,. ,sq-,;.·.qu.:;~)i .l!fc

:~~~~. . :.·.:·;;:.-~~~._::Li:~,'.,;~;~~:'.:~~:~. . ~~-2~'-·~ _:.~.:.:~,·~·:; . . .•. . . .
. . . "'Day.la.'
\~
...
mo hlnh'.dtrac:.cac
·;.1·\';.•.~···;.::i f,:J:~·!
.:·:"i_tt;.?; .... ._;..;
Nha nu6:c .ltra·chon"khi-hai
.. ····--;.:"· . ··. .... ' .. .
1,116
.
1ffq~ ti:fo·r(m~,:ig.l~f,'hi¥il..1t.r~ :Y~, h~~u .qua. ~ ..ch·up.g
ta n:h~n rhay
r~ag, d~'xiy. .d~~g-~(}t,~~;h¢i: ~~-mf~~.;.trprj-g;96 co mqi Cong
1

din '<leu.'\fo· 'rribf1·g \uy~(ct6i .;~o .:~~on.g .l§i plJ.at: trien cua
E>ang;'c.hfnh,·sab~'C-~a.·:r:tti.(~-doc;-'~J!~g·r~~ sfing. -xa lap::1.vi~c.{I:ieo
hleij pMfi y~ priap .Iu~t. ~an. phaf~¥,·t~&f~§. ·d~i.;:Y~IL~9~g ctei
· d6 h1nh ·.rh;\1h:;~~c:.tri~t~,1~f:S:.6~:i~ ~i:9,~g;:Wth~t.~ ftci'i:ii #i~:t .r~~i
1

~::;~~:~~~~k:,~0:~~.~~~~~J~~r¥11~~Y~~tt~i-~~~cJ~!~
dtigc rit~~ :'hits~o ~~:f.4u~g!:#fr~ ;~tt~sA~~.i~.4i~~,mo. p1~n.

~;;::;~:~~:~~~;;!i:~;~~J~~\f~~ii~:~~
Jqh1cli .mau.~tb:Jifulc;V.6isfoi~.'.fch'0 dia;~Nhai~nfi6c ~a>xa'::.M1·; :.vi the
v~~=.~~h ·.r;p£f~:~;~:~,~i~~:J:J.~:.~6n~ dhi1i\fd":tlil -~llfnh.·~~~h: :fy16
i

... .hJA:~ J!~~!j1iAi.4z:;J.ji~~,·~rnh. ~iiqpg:·Jirr!=,:·n~n ~:rt d~si.e ib:ilg aan

..chµti~~ .cac,.N.:h.a. i:tJti!s '~eri'liiJ:n'.cliG'. sit' d'~:ngm6 }iiri)tnay.

~::i;~l£Ji~,~~~'~g; . . . . . . .· ·.
·rttr n.h~P:g,.n<?frgHng cu-a: cac ·mo hhih t9 'thuc ,tbvc thi.
. chfo:h :~:ac~ ·M~\tr~Ii; . ¢{5:::th·~jh'~~y: ttfi:~t; nHrrnii tt~(\i"hfrqc<ai6m
...!
Ill
. rharn g.i• 1ii9f cihh. tif iis~ifll ;;;if> ~. ~"'~.\IC Pi~ii'.tn.·li~·~~~~.::j ·
chung. Trong nh1~u··rr.~arig . htJ.P.~!~:sfr.::~htf!:S: :·pn~4nz'·Ph~p, '.gi~o
dtfc - -ihuy~[·':gbyc .'c'&t~c":dvri;g··~tdl(~gc)1d~. :ct
P,hµon,~, phfr1l'~~: .
kinh: r<t nhU'. kfaiy~rdi9c ·b~ng::cai::· pp.ucri!i~ phaj:(top ..;.in-~ -hgc· =J
.. t~p? buy·. o9t:J;g· cic ngU:cin··nbfin l.!fc }!a_j~! ;(!h!.nh·c1_~:·:1<'9.Y :ti:f!li.g :t ·"
l~ng Chil··t!Gh ·-H:o··GhlM'inh; "d~ 'trun1rnre:1rcf'!!f"1iCfi!tcr.·5;1.'c6 ~-.i·· "-
truyen th6ng oai hung. . · .!
. " .. :. . ;. . " . . .l ..-:.
Khi n~n kirih te·con cnua ·phat ttiin, ca.c: Nha ntrcrb hay. ·1 ~.
si'.t d'f:\ng pntrdng ph~'p :g!~o di,!c·thuyet ph9c :./a phi.rori"g·phap. ·t
hanh. ch~nh. · ·· · . · · · . : ·. : ' · .· · · · . \ .,
'. :
_?.:~. P.hua~:t.p.hap ha.nb ·thh1h ' ' 1
L~ ca'th."thtr(: tac, oq~g:i~:n.d:ot:tugrigs~ ~ua tdi1h chfnh. ·T
sach b~·hg q:uy~n:'l\Ih d~ ci'~t .m~c -tfeu ·d~ ~i€~ ..Tro·ng :qpa trlnh. · ~
tht/C thi' ohfnfi. Sikh~ rigtI~l. fa hay ·str <1°t}n,g pbtrdn~ pflap kinh '
le' va. giao 'dtfc thuyet phi;lc. nb;\rng,. c£iiig c6 nhfrng trti:ang hqp
ha! phrrang p~~P t!en khO'rig·mang"l~i'J~irt .qua,·nen.'phaLdung 1.
den phuong· phap harib chfoh d~ cuong ch.~ thi hanh~ VJ. dlf, at· ·!
n.gan ch~n n~n. l~m h~ng· g1a··ni~n·<:l~g··gia·r~ngt .Nha,ntroc ·i
bu9c ph~i si! dQng phrrcm:g, phap hanh chfnh. ·
,;•
1.4·. P:·huang. :phap.kef'h'gp '

La phucrtig ph~p· tac d¢ng.1eri. ct6i tu~~g:::va,: qufr t·rhi.h ...:-""

chlnh sach b~ng,'.t6ng .tht,cac. ye~ to"dlJti~n khai thljc· hi~rr
,, ,· . " . ... .. . -~ ·~ :~ . . . .. .
,. .. " . . . . . . . :' . .
el=a·n·h· S-¥.:sh :;a· ·h·1~'ti.:.q~1a-. B·~J .la,-~:~. ~~~g
ph·ap ·~:~_.'?~· ~~Y- ~-t;tn-g.:
biing· each ker.hqp. ca~ µntrctrtg·phcip.tren ..theo:.,nigt triJltif, 41,1y
me nh~t · d!nh~ ·v~, ro~t •ilg~y€rt·'.t~(:,, ,~huo,rig; pbap · ket 'hqp ·
kuon\l. o c6 mol ·cau true h1nh·th~;ri;b~t":dihh•. }u~ theo·di8.~ !{!~rt
. .. . ' ·. .: ·.::; : ........ ·... . :..: ;:;. . ';..,..": ~ ..... ··"!"· :· "'..
·!.... ! ....... .

c1,uh~.,"tth'a ~ftiaiJJy k·eth@~ac~CP.hl!dng;jlhaR Ji~ ~!i9 JW:!J 119'.E

. '

114
/;]i~f· .
.:_~fvai yeµ .c~u to c1:l!rc 1hvc thi cbfrip s.ach
.. ~·· ~·
.
.... ..... ~ . ' . ' . ·. ·. : -
:···~i:: 'Vi clu ket hcip phil'd~~ phap~ ~iao du.c vdi hanh chfnh M
.Jt tht,rc ·hi~n,.'J·~i,tt ng~1~· "~ qu~~: s1J, Hp~~ !~et
hqp. p~·uong phiip
·:{ k~~~ :t~.~q~:~i:~~·rlt~c_rhl(ye) ph_~C._d.~_rhlfc hi~.~ ~-Mnh s:ich .:ai
!~· .nhtqrg ngupi ,c~..c~p;g;.Tr.qng .qp<'- zr:mh. Jh!fc !11.t;:Q ch{n/1 s,ich
·1; · ·~hod& bu~n HJ,i.i, t\lam ·:r1hU.ng c~ k~l h~p phuClng. philp-klnh t~
, ,.~: '. ~a. h~n.h:k:hi'.n;g; C.on .do1.~¢i :chfoh s~ch dun .s6 ttil'ket hqp cii
.:¥~·t. ba.. phuo:n°·'phap
. b.. ...... .rrtoJ:c6>hieu.:gua •. ~··· ·
. . . . . :·(.. •:· .....~,_-~--·····;·""'~ ..

,. ·it· · .. Tom .15,r! %~~$,JJ;g;f.¥~,?-:*W,:t~f~g;;;~~~~.,.~~9.:f1J:nrdng pMp to

:J. · ¢hue t~_\i:c ::tl'ii ~hi~}i:~~:~C.h'.''i(qiiy~q~c.1ifi.J.t.9,µg ¢ua,cf1u the quan
.t . lj ..nha~, t~~· :1:?:9.ifi<~o "1lt~4-~ 1vc~J·il~i.i q.if~'Cfen cac d_6i tin;mg
}. • . ' • I ' . >•'<: "'..'/.''":,' :.', f•':o•"f .~!,~~h •,"':'.S•.'f
1
':f•,\1-'<,./(·~ ' '•••~"';.··.-•:' •:.::.• ••')' "': •, "

~ ch1_nh .~aGh:
~.¥:
T
·~)
·cA:lt:HOI·T;HAO' f.J:lA.N:·dI-IUONG 3
'',•••I• '•"~• '.... • • • • • . .

l ·:·Q<iµ l~·#!iY":Jr~n:h~,,b~Y·>~fttr1'.f n,ghT~ cua thtfc Jhi -chfnh

l .saGJi'.'.: > '" .... ,. . ·. '., '. . ... · . · . :. ·
.:C'~~-.~~ Ttlr1h'.'P.~y .~~«i:blrP'c·'.t6:'~rycrcfihitc,•\ht'ch.rp:h sa~fr/ 1
i·, ••::q:~;gfl~1~ii~~~~~~ffJW~lR~i:,;n.~·.
·1! . "

1 . Ca.1,1/iL I::t~Y.::JrJJi·~:.bEiy..l~~¢:.mp ~}~Jl:;;csfLGhiX~ thifc th.i .~i:tfnh

· .'.':!: . · s~c? ...o.~:::n__l!&~· .Jt:'.~.~~~-~().Y~ n~n ·tp ·p,hU:c;. ibvc. µi~11 chfoh ·sach
· · theq mc:i:.!un,h ni.i:o? ·
·A - ·- · ¢i(~· '.~ •. "f1'.iri:1~ ·9.~1y::c.~:~ .plwans. phftp 16 chtr.c.. :th1rc thi
-·+ ·.dttiih':.Msh:·tre~\~.~::\1~~i~~~6"·t.€;11~~R :i~f:hi~n.n~~Y·

.~
 .. .·-:::...

.••!

...
j

..
i. sv CAN THiET.P.:HAt PHAN r1cH CHf-NR~s·AcH .~

.,i .
. t
,. . t
i.1. Pha.n:tieh I~c1iemJ~hQ'1d;~:ti.:cu?. qµa.ttJhh.qµan l.Y
• • • • • • • • "•l " • ' !
Quari': IJ G.a:{l ·Cho: m9i·qµa:n·lrih Iii;p t'ifo: gHfa: cac·:ca· nhan ·i
irori g ·phan. cerig.:l ao d¢l:lg.~~ .hqi~.· I~ tngt h~f d9ng kf.lbitg: th'~· ~{
.thieli. tro~g b~(:ky: rrl9f!6 ·chut; kir,iji ;:~,: c~~n:n::rrh '.pdi:.,li9f'·nao.. \
Di ·q U:~ trlnlr qu~11 JY .dtr!1:c: di~n. ra;, C:ctc:;:l~hu>th<S•.clt~·.den nhi:tng .· \.
nguyen·li~u d~c bi~~.i,·d~u v~o Ul: thong. tfo; Th6ng: tin giup l
cho nhii. qu~n ·iy· c6 th~· nh~n.'oi~t dirge thfnh xac v.l.m¢tvan \
de nao d6 :thuqc dOi· tti'gng hay m:oi tr1iong qufa ly f:J thoi i
diem P.han ·anh da rhang tln. Th6ng tfo duqc 'khai tfo1c; o 1
L ..
xung qu-anh ta M.itg each ·ch~t J9c, chfa tach k€i rtoi, hi¢u : ...
1
·1 ~
chinh. cac ngu.6n tit 'nhfrr.ig dil' H~u· rh~: th~p dm;ic~ thqll:g tin 1
tan cho qu'im lY: bao:·go,m ca
th~ngj}n: hi*n· t~ .qmt·.khU:. va. J~
i -
'u.rang Iai, bai v~y nha quln :I:Y-c.bn phar:k~t hqp c~k·.ro~i thong l '
'
•I
rin rren d~ co dugc m¢t iir6ng- tin htru foh· t~i"thoi i:H€m 1.pian j
ly d~ dU'a fa duqc nhung quyet dfnh (rng ph6 hi~u. qua .nnaf.. J
Khong phir drtdua fiCni,-9l,quy~f.afnfi Tanh~. qu~n: 1§.<la 16ii1l l
r~~nh_:rikh, nhi~m. ma.hi;) con ph~i t~~fa t~c.:qu~n s~f ~o~ _ttt~~:i': ~·~·
va mo1 trtrang ·haa.:t d9ng sau :kh1 rac d9ng de Iqp thm .dreu )

116
. . ·1;·.
'··~·
. I ~
·lj
 ~·r

i
·i;
-f :¢J1~µ~, ,o~n ci,9c ~9U.tt9p_g b~pg.:flP.U:r,ig quy~t: din.h tiep.. rheo,
, .J, ·vi~~·Jµ~,(~a
. f .;.
n·l;fr~~: ~ti_iir:.ditih :riep·rheo-4.4.
·~, ·~;~t.,,~ !.~~.··:· '.-:'.h·-:-:i··.J·~,·! . J~{:bat,dau
1..... .. cUrig
.. · ; . I tr
,l~t..,lJ!~·~t: ...... \,~. . . . .

· .f .ri!1:µrig.;h9tt.~dgQg:s4~J)Q9~ ;~frJX,:~~i_;/i_~P. :-i~l\11:1'10 .ra qu~,_ci ·djnh

J; ;J~.~-~~!.:.~f~K~)tl~~:~~-~:·~~q:~t:?9;ig ~hu~n.b! c,u.n$ c~p ·th9n.g ri n
. i. ·ae,q.¢M~l:Jufi.tiJy:,difoJ?. :thif9'rrg-.xuyen:u~n -b..i.c ycri--.qua trlnh ·
i; ;~~~~·}:£,~;t;ci~h;:}??~}q~~...l~~P~ _;~iiin ~"u lfrttr:;.drt·ii4ii' d~1f'th6.?:g ·~i:n
t :,~*~:~·~tL.~lW~Ar: ~a t,~}~h:,~J)' :·_~r~fl_.<la:y-;qe_~~-l-~~}~~-~~ ~~~-,~~ph~~
I ·Tfch:.· 7···~·-:, ·"::-.·'·~·-.,,;~·-....,...r'"'..'" ... ··.·::-.. ,... .,. ·: ·'. -· · .· . · ·· ·· · .
{ -~:-~', .'.' ~~i'.'.Y:~Y.~·¢6. :tA&',,;hi$~-·p·i1c1;i "rfr.:/t:-/d qua'".'tri11i1 plu111 gicli
j caq_}c'ri. (i?;! 1,leit!q1~ati·.{li(ti/ti1ie?(.ii:d1t'<fc dttjlllti'.[lzo1w tin cho
! l'iefc '°i:Cl)ii<if qtcye] i/[11./1 . qucfo ·fy, PharHf¢-h.·la 4i~u 'ki~lti6n .de
h .1~~? ..~?.~t.~g~_~/fl~:¥.JY.: Y:a H\~·~I'.. pJ!.~I1 ~b,6,ng: th~.:. thieu cl trqc
r rrori'c~·tierfrdnl'i):iuan Iy· . '.: ·, · ·: ,
,f .' ''t ~~~~~~i:~~~~~~gq\~l?;tfdli' .
.j · z.2.-i: Lf'ifo l~hai :qu4t . . . -.~!·'.
! ·Ch.inh s~ch la ni¢t tro~g -nhii:ng..,sJl!l. pl1a~n./:\=.Y.:a. K1u1:Hrlnh
t guan I~ n~en:k.hi quyet dinh:-Chfrih s.a.ch;: ch~ .t~& qua~ l;/ cting
.f P~~i ,ph-~riJ!¢h. 4¥iy·:f:f~/~h~~g-'dt- ,n~,&'J~en ;i:}~aH.~¥n~i:hinh ~ach .
.1· 1;1::~9s;·o,Uii~:;,t~d.}:ih'a\:Hµlirif.lf::c'11i· Ba.r(ci'ffitf(fam 'd¥it;·v1~c ·~iih'fri-ig
t n:i9c.Jf~~ ,ScJ:t~t:h.9.· d1tQ¢; fhlfc .hf~1{ b.fuig~ca_cH ·ate;· Jn~ kh6ng
... .f q~~n·., t~n} ;.,4~p ..;v'i_¢.G.·t'irr,i-1i.'i¢u·'.~guy~n'::nliim :t~c -d:~ing de'n ·vi~c
1. ..t11.!fc. h,i~~,1?1·~c:}1~. ~ 90. I-:J:9,,chu fri'.rcins ·~.u· 11:anh <l9rig' tao bi.to.

:i ·~~!~!i!if~~i~i~~~~!E:~~~o~
' f
fr :!lri€;pfi~:JLffcfrh¢~J-cr9?J:g q.1#n<t;Y::n'6.i .chy:pg,
sash i1%i-::r.r8n~:du:i;rc!c'l~1~h ih~~1(\;~ phaf: td~n.
phah Hdf chfoh
.
.'I~-
~ ..:;.
-~. jj:
.....
'·
·•.

. ..z:
-~· rJ 7
<~
 (
"=.· ,:, ~

Do ni~c ·tiet,l ~fra;' <;ihfoh. :~~tih. ~ti"¢ :·a¢~g :.d~tt ' rlhi~~ :a6tT
tlrqn:g .y~ .~rrh: htrl:16g 1~u.:.f;lai.,~.en: no~t:\d.~hjr·~~a,;:(6 ~h'~c'.:.n;~ri'. :~
chit th'~ .pl;t'.a,i. ·x¢m::x~~~ ean:.Jl h~~lh~t ':ki:m~f ni'¥t:Jf:11.ae;~k~h':Fa'.;
• ..... . • •·.• , ,.~ .•• : •.... ' ... ·•• !' •· ·.·'."...... ··P.:i··. ::':. ·
S'\u,J~hi:>~;,in ·h:arih;.: ¢hfah ·s·~cn:trb :rharih' m¢t"c·ot1g·
1

guyct. d!nh.
cl!quan:Iy'.n:€in~e·:t;ku;:'f:ir~·~kri'~rifi~ht~nh._gJiiii.r(jc:Bii:it~na'ng,.
J;ii::,.dJ,uig... c£ia'. .ch:i'nf1.siich.4.i, s~--d-t_:1z'l'g 1e:6 ,hi~1i.·qua:I~i ;c6ng"CI}
d4c bi~r nay. Mu.6n duy. trl s15:r6n i:~i ctia,.~6ng CN thfnh such .
· c:.ic chu ~h~ c~n tht.r<m:g.' xuyen: xem :xet:"v~ 'khcl-liartg truy~n .~
din y chf qtian ly d~n:dc -:to1 (U-c;mg· fit d¢ng; d<'foh ghl'.v& kba
nii.ng t~o dqng]gc. df~u,-:fie(c~:c qµ4 .tdnh \'~fl d{ing cua ·ch.fnh
such, ve· U;td dtJOg Va cling ~6 rr.~f qµan h~.gifra chi°i.th~ va d6i
tu<;rng th~)l_i.r~ng c.~fqh $.~!=1'.· ·· · · ·

Voi .each ti~p e~n.:kh.<U ·qaat tfeit aay·moi-'.thf:icho 'thay

tfoh hlnh tht!c dta ·1y do phan t.fch. 'Cl1ihh sa'c:I1;. inuort'thii}'.
dtr9''" diiy du.· Stf clin thiet::kMch quan:'Clia h~tdgng'.·nay .n'ha. '
quan .ly con phai c1i .sau~ ph~n ·crth v~ n¢f dung chlnh sach
lr~ng suot q_tia tflnh. v~n·d:¢rrn"

• • • L·:Y<d'o C.{l ..:,-,_,."..

112 .r• e·

Phan rich cM· tni~tdJl'~@ ohQ'nfm1:1~ Jf~'µ ch'Lnh.~s~tch m~

chu tM 011 kie'n':ilie:o:· du6f d5 'thief ifirrc.:ktiimg; N·~u.l~ th1€i
tlll:fC fhl kh~i:.thI. khehg '~~ n~d
c6 kKfih.i
Jhl CO pbi hqp VOi
m1:1c ti~u ·chung ciia ·t,f·9hU:c· khO~g v.v... I<et qui phiin tfch
niiy duqc co.i Iii. can . c11'. quart w,mg ·,th.at ·d~ chu· ih~.· ra guyt!\
cfroh ch'frrh sacfi. Sau :J.fal 'oan:-ii~rih thinh:sach, ,chii· th~· can :· ....
x~rn xet t!qh phii hqp ·gitra. ~guy'~n. ~·gng cu~ doi tU:<;mg: thl;l '
hµ-gng '~aLm1:1c· tleu ..dia chink·~ii:olHte'- .ki:p'thai~dU!J ·~ni.nil: 06 \:.
suno;:! Him
. ,.
cho muc
...
lieu ·chfhh such sat thuc.. vm :d&Fstfog·.xa
--- -- --- _"":. - -f·
h9h ~
·r.
r
.j
' .k
l 18 J:· ·.
.
t
-:".. ~ ..... ~. .
.. .: ' ' .
 ·P,
-~ Phanlich cte. ~nily dFc;ic rfnh h~ tho~g dta Ghfnh sach. H?
t thong. chfoh· sach :la r~p ,hgp de chfoh ~ach co nhung d~c
~ · tf.u,:i).g;.ghfng nhtJ;U·Ye mt;1<: tieu hay. tfah ch.at dµqi::. J5.~P 4~t ~heo
l m§.(rr~tt~ r.hat. 9i:nh .'ya theo ye~-cau ciia chu th~. :~htr v~y
· ·~ ,_c/~9)~~.,.i11§~g;~~·a ~h#!J1 ~·ach 'ciln"dugc·'.>::e~ ·xet·tren:~.f..~c .tn~t:
i.JIW/!:{1,~f1 ;f,h:fq~4~.~~foq·~a:l·P~Jt 'harih, co.:<1i1~g: nt:· ri1:9,t:cm.a.h· ~~ch
; 'kilci,i;i;g>hctY'9hLi~ I¥hiin_g:;t;i~nphitp;rh~c:.i1if:.Ghftih:·5·~c~;''ib_r(hpi
'. chf~~ s.uc~ .mai ban· ~ar.ih ~6. _.phu hgp ·vtrL'tif;ifH!i,h'g' chi' ~-6
: kh6n~ •.J~:~~: ~ii··~~z: qee,pti~P.? ·~~-H~:~k,hAPiY:~~~~~P:~Mflh ·such _du
. '."- .f~:;::i.hYcf.i?i.:\::bf.il;h~~~li:, m.0· ;p!),n ~l}:~~q,7.cO,'"t.rli~'.'giup; -gl,;~thci >·h~
·: tti.Cing ;ii~#ik~4$.!1Jaiili:td~~-rih~~g::i$n ·.t~i hi~n co ciia.h~ thong
, b,ay thtic :d<li 11¢ t.h~ng v~n d"<?;ng iot:-han.
· .::,. . ; · A'.··~. . /.~:~\.:.; .. :·. ·:·~;::.;.·~···,'~· .:·i.:~-.· .· ·.
'Phan ;tfchAe thay s.li' .phu .)1ctp ..gifra ,chfrih -.~a~h v&i.moi
tni<rng: Ch'~ th{l{~:fi"i.'~9};: ch'r~:l~.;i9h'. cii~·g,·.~l~ong ~ngo~i ffi\IC
df~h'.auy"trl ~1/'t6~ t'~i' :Ja''.P.h~r·:rri~n· ~·ua, 16 ~h..:¥c,.p:pi;ig m6i
;·.~~'iig~g, . ,l\IJ6i .rrJ:$Q:ii-g, ch:o· :r6.~;bfo1f·~~np$t"'d-¢n·~--~~~.g~!TI .n.u:ii

' ~'.tff;~~~~:,~-,~~ ;.fat~~g;,:![?~~~~~!~t.:trJ\;t, 1

bai 'tl'.µoc;'uhuri'o-\:inacl{th'tr0:\?curi·:.'mof''.rnrcinc'.i-' rihafla str 1d.fttc
• ·'.':·:~·P~:··~~· , "...\;) .. . , •, ~. ,· ."::. .~ .. , , :·.;/~,' '.\.!-~'\ ,·.,.~:'.~ •' I'

ngh1e~ cua . th1.:tnran~;...ch11,,;the;"gµandy.:iphar·':d~1ns::chmh. s.ach

· "~\~~~;1~~~f~~~~~i;;:~:~~!f~~r:1t1
m_o~ truqng: Nhtr y~~J :11:0,9g_ l:fr\1:g:.dUyJ~i~p . :l'h9.n.g:gian va. rhcri
giail;.· cfi'\:L .. n1~·;5~,_'cti"~h'iihg '.~b.thii:. $~ch: 1fog-.J?h9:. riha( dJnh.
Muon~ bi.et c4G i::Ji'fi:~h :··:~~_b_1;··:a~f'.:c6~ th[ch ~gp v6L:mo}.)1·ttO'hg
khonl?i ~h'a.ng_'1u d{{{··pl1'fi'n'_·_tid1 ~-\1.· th~ i'~ng Jp¥i ~~fnh. such
· .:.· 11:ong ,c:<tc clieu kie~· ldiac nluiu:·
• -,,.. M • .... .. '

':.

119
 Ph&n t(¢h :~hrnh,.~~"~ lhftY d\IQ,.~n~ !in ~~sAl .
o&a
thJ!C hi~n VO'f cbii' the.ban"h~fih. :Q,uan":b~:gi'li~ ng:t:rcrfihJic·hJ~n
v6i ·chu rl1e.bun.:hii'hh ciifnh::'silch.Ju'.-qu~fi h'~ bi~il, ·efi~$ f~~ ·i •i:.

'liiijn freti die n1~t; -- · · .. · . · .··1

. . - Chu th~.ha_q hanh. cliJnh:si6~.d'$ng:\hai :¢up~]i,¢h'~·,'.th~. ·; ·

quan ly, nen.Ig( tclx ct1a·}i9·l~Cthong,f\fotcri~:m trq~g)nijc Heu ~
chfnh siich·
~ 1
· r · *
-~
-1:'f1:1.c; tieu lau dai,~ho"s;1fpfoH1rien:c:uj tci ch}?c: la, d'o stf ~­
thong nhat Xay dgng·cua.chu'.tM;·:Va:knai::}i:th~, PQl.l !Tll.J.C tieu n
chinh_s~: ~: ~;\ ~:i::i:•:::b~!~~~~:~\:~~::::~~~
bah hanh chinh such ":ciln·g Hi _nguy~.n ::VQng:. cl.ta· nhrrn·g· ngi.!Oi 'i
l
~hi;c lhi chfnh 's«i.ch·v-~ ngrr$6· l~(.khi ~<;i·co nguy¢:t1.\'9n~d1ftih ·1
diing th'i ·~.~u ~~~ ~ung ~e·b~n,~~rih c.hi~~ s~ch .d:,d~~,~~~.; . ' ·
- Kht dcr1 song... cua·.ngw:n thi.rc th1 chinh su·c.'h .ca.n.g .dtigc J
nang ca.o v~ himie:·v·a chat. th! h~·di.ng,"yeu ·~au cr1t.· th.~.. ba!i :~,:.
Lo. • ·- It -- f '

hanh chfnh $ach phM ho.an· thi~n ct~ co. duqt ·n~ung chfoh such ~
SUl thtrc hem. . . . . . " r:
.. ~1!
ra.c d~ng qmr.l~··gitlu \'.~
chif thi n'grreii i.hvc.:rhLthfnh l .
sach nhu v~y :s~ Hmg. brrcrc tung c6.'.nrdi quan: h~,gibi'ft .hQ. l~m ·1
~ho l~t:J_g:.rln#1a: n£U'.01 .tlwhtf!}-~b}i'!_b.sltch se <l~i .het vl;o ~hu %
tile. Ket qua quaµ h~ do.la: ·n~n tar:ig.cui,t.mQi qua·.trin}?; chlf!h ·YA
sach, la. yeu to quyc·c d~nh s\rthl.i.nh b~rr cua m9t chinh sttch. ·~
Mu6ri biet' dttqc mire dQ ti'n c~y CUll.llgtrdi· t~l!C 'thi chfoh such ll
vao chu th~ ciln phuitntrong x:uyen ·p~~n t,!ch.c::hfo.h:i~t;h_; ··1~~:
-·· N'h.ti~g 19 <lo phttn irc11 chrnh sach.v~ci'.r11;1~h tht!c va ngi -~~;
duiig tri!n day di\ pbim Uilh d~y.dU rfnh l~! y<!u.J::MC:h qU:t11J:jUJ.;·1

~ '\
 "(\I
.f,,
.. e
~. .
·· l.P~~~n:.:1i~h':~c}itnh:.sa~h~'i::.oit.afi:·,1.~un¢t\ho~t.;a;9ng .khOng thf thie~
,f lrona:.cli.u\t'i'nh·:~·~rft.h.s~~h.:: ::. : : -:, ·
.f ·. ····:~t·.~1~.:<~ :;.:t~;;::L~;·,··::J~...
:.~ . . · ,._ ..
. }: 2.
. t·t
·cHO'C'NANG
. . . .
PHAN TICR
.
CHlNHS-ACH
~. . -'".; . ;~J5.:~e~~-qq,~J~~~$J~~.~q lyidi:>·.pnan:-.tfch':C~fp:h'.:sa~h cha phep
'·~..~ ·!Sh. .~:.~.~ i if!,·~~J.:,,.!M~i~{~!i~
-.. . .
.~~I~p.1;;~~',J?.hl}.~·-H~l;fir~hfrihi$ich;hhu•~.au:
.. .. " . . ' . ~·. '

·J ·~:,.·i.~.~:,,i:p.r..11 :.fl~J1=.~~f!~~1~clcl~!ln:~N!-~P.(L?~(g:l4.C~?fri..rJ~?·. (.f1(l!~~11

·~·· ·4~J1.r$;.;f{rt!J~'f.,P!'Cf[!(ftf!(r:r.:f/WWl':/h!.chu1}1 '.\;~rdw:nhc~m c/;_t"rcr t1~1W.1g
. ~;: .r.~~.i>?;;~-~(!.f.~VKA1,1 11,~1:j,~~...t::,t!i/b;·,quyAil{ir.·gi.frt1 cac>:)e~!'it!i-;c'Cii1 ::ililoih
·.f;,. ?to.qt 4Ql(e c,fzfnh #fc(J. · ·.· .,.
t.F- .. .,. '
.:f\.~ . ~· J~94i;,}1~?.W'~1q:,;,c,~p;,,1~~y :p~an tfch. <;,hfnh sa<;h.c6 ·nhU'ng
'1.~i chut. nano· cl,:U: :yeu'sau: da'.0··· ' :· . .

·:l ~~-::,#i[~i~~i~)1¥F~~i~ .· . ..."' .. ·

~·i Th!f~-~i~n·cl'lJic·nang .!\~Y nhil.m cung 'di'.p..~k.thon'g"tin

. :J:i!i:itlli~·~~~~~!!Y~!~~'~:::~~d~~:
.j~ .. ; .,:;p.~J:;J.<::TJJ.i4/ig~;t"J.~.jmq,.~Ii.:t)'.'tro.ng: :p.li'~nWich dibzlz: saclz
. -~. 1,~ . "~~t~~;~~~¥:~J:~ri'·~~~~E~~'f;,i·~i~liC~tfML;ii#(~~i~:.fua.µ::.~lill:~n, 'h.ra
. ~\:; .chgn 'vµ'n: ae' ch.ci"'ho:t\.cb. rlfoh ~ia thU;c.:thi 'nhun~,,chfoh ..si'i'.ch
:l~:~ i:l;;ng t<511.:~~i lrong d&l !>.6ng. xil:h9i~Th6ri~tJn;rii_;cho ·b1d1 gia
l'1· 1.ri. tli~rc
f·~· ." te v.~·n.hU:nailu111
' .. . ... .. . ·clie:tiLth~
... . . . :1fih\/nhftriC';.aJ·:bk:o·cho
~ ....; Mn ~ "f .• ~ ... • • • .... •

~ :~;~ ·ih_QJ .q;Jem ph:fo ~ic.h . :d6n~· thbi\i.U.J.ift' c.ho lhci:y .nhr~.ua.nguven
.. ~1~' . f-:~::;i:· .•.. .:a:'~.:;:·:r~t:·~:/;~".: ·~· :\~;:}'.:.. .::-~1~·r-r; :. .-~~·rt· ....-·,_~.;-.:"""".. i-:·..,, • \o.~ ~·">::' •• ~:~·;. • -:~ ~:'::,. -:; ~ ..

, ;:~? , n)iiln· Y:i.!.''11:1J:£G' d~9,: ·<trrh:!i.Jf.dn~:·H~tf;c ·t.r~p.:.ha~\.&ia11 ~1e p AC::i;i .·~i;:.\ .q u<;i.
:ir . ·a~:,1Jit0: · .., · · .
! '''.. .2~.D2~ ·rhqlz..~ ,tq1.; hf~n-::~~i.Ja/thiJc tr,l}ng.drnn. bien cua
. • 't: tl.'f~n:itltai hra
· ·vte·c ·:- .. ~hon \tan d€·ch:G-1h
r: s.ich,.hoach:.dinh
. ~· • .. hay. to
12 l
 ... ..

chfrc' th1tc. *i·

.eh~µ)i. s~c.li. (rortg.:oqf·~ong~:Xa;h¢i~•. Thong,_~iri:~.J
··:::

·hi~n t~i cfic> biet c0,9j:fti~Jf.ltib. tri~HkMi tten'.c6jifiitri''9~o·:rirl}t:: .·

dich~ yeu. c~u ~~fl t;:hu.:tqe:,.i.t~.-ra,.:kh~ng,iA~n-g;;ifiqf.:ttin~·-<cho:

CU;t chu th~. ;

. ....2Hfa· lioat. dori2
biC'r mac cto. chenh.. tech
' . . .
·-
... "iri&dcha'i.
.
.
v6i dl.r.. kien ·
:.
.-
-· . -.. 2.-1-.a,1Nion:g ·tin::ft1t'.onrlaf'l~q,e't .~ctifi:fl'~n ~~i~fi:;E~a tjii;f .
trlnh~ chinlH>ach,: d~it dw;tti1:t9rt:g· fU(jrt°t;lai":·.tfen Cd :.sd kf{ qµ~:
· ph~lri:· t(ch ·chin~· ,sach" .·quaJtll,t! va bl~~ ~f~.:/rh~ng··~in:iti.rdng:.iai ·.
c:ho'b.~ei ~a. J!t':irtg;·v~n -~9rrg cua,. qua:.rrfolf~hfilh:·~a'C:li '.hi¢rFt<l'
d~ chu the. ch.u·.:d¢ng: ~ng ph6 'v6i nhfmg· -tliih-Mi6tfg ·xiy. ra:
trong th\l'c te. · · · ··
Oh: t h:ong tin lreif.l~i: ctugc. ngi,roi'·pttfifiJ1th.~€i h6i theo.~
m¢t phtrctng thl'.fc, quy ttirih '!l.ha'.t. d:jhl:\ nhirn:-:t~o·ra.::h~ ifiti"ng,
tMng tin mm,
l~m cd sitcho.. chu t~~ q~a# ly ·ifietdi~~h, phO.i
hgp ho~t d¢nk cua de t:d q.µan t'riifo. khl!;i(cnfr1b: skh va:fd·oi
tuQng thrthttortg;. ,'. . , ·· · ·
... '~U'c. nanfth6ng>tin l&:ch~c n;an:g.pati .nha'
._ptia~.:unh
dir(jc 1Jan th~t: cac llci~f:di~irtg ph~n .Htlt-~1,ll.ri:.h ;sa¢.~."$~f q4a ·
ph'an giai ca!i ho~t c!¢n.g: li~n qua:n den -c*u·.trfoli,.chfoh);ifo:(~.
cho p~~p ta. nM,rt:di~n: .d~c d~~l di'.i,,th:fri~ ,~a~. kip JfrQ'j ve
m¢t hi~n nrgp;g. (kinh ~e;'. xa hQi;:·m'ol tttibng)" fr'o:ng·:_q.u~ trlnh
.. .. """ the·o chi~h>s~ch.
van
. d6fu:i:: '.
. .

2~_2. Ch~~ n~xrg:t~:O dq:ttglt?.e" .

. Sa~ klii chti'cf."narig;.f~qn:g-:~.rti ':Cfla ;ph'an tic.h :~h(dh sat;h·
dude. th11c hi:tn, d. ·ch~ th~ ·va kha~th ffi~;'if~u· f thi.h; dtrgc: ;~
mi~h tal
th&"i: iti~nf phan tlch:. M' t\t .ho~~ thif?n. va dmg-hiw.u
ll"tlf~ J!i~_f! 16t ~h~u ..lrfoh.::chfnh,,saiih~ Quan';h~:·tt:uy~~ --a~n tua-
.\',

'
122 .:J"'
. l ;;·
 •,,,f.\
tr
~~
:
,... .. "

.:1~:·1'~M:;H¢~1:;ehrnh:~_~olh:eO,i1.0§;,l~;~9l:·~ho~td¢ng::khong thf ·th le~

t: · trona..chu 'trlnh:;.clirnh:sach~': .: ~.:· .:,. ··
F-~. ··.~:.:(.·:;~.·: :·;.~t~.~.t\2,:.··~::fi.. .. ., .
.f;
'\:'
2; . 'CHUCN,ANo··-pliAN
. . . ·.....
TfCrI CHINH SACH ' .
r....;~;- .,.,.1}.~kgH~J~~~:i!.~b'{;c 1y-;do:.P.haivr(c.h!.c~fJihZsa.ch cha phe,p
.~
r> ...,1'.Jj~i
;··::}:
.qµ_ii,t, fli~nii kfott::m¢nf·l-{e:·ppfl.n
. . .;.-.
. tf¢tf!Phltit~1s«i.ch·nh
. •. . .... . . .
ll'1l\au ~
·1.~.:"i~: r..:::-._ . . ,~r:··:.•··:~i.f..~:1 ".'·Y~'· ;;-:.:(....-.~ ·.·tr~·'.·"· -~ ~
~· ... , ,,RbfiiY'lid1.~dU1iii.1-J'adid&'·s1•l~c';fi.lfrt1:~giC1·Pr6Wit~hr3
r::··· ~'7.~•"(7""':'--~~-·"""'1;.~---;-·
:"'.. . • ·'·:---":"'",;' ," .."':'•:'""." .....,"::''
•:---•·•--'•"~?, i.......•:··~·
·eek ·!10~11'
j.·;-•-':· "T';'f' ....
u" ... ;•:•";.~'

·& :9.~lf~::;~{.{.~!J~fl:titWi~T{j,j;i';/1~.i:·t1"f.9li:d(hi l;i\~~c}(j\!1 '.':zl:t}!!. C.'h{':r~ p1!~rn.'.~

I: p1.<>l,;~Pf:'..~.{,(}!1'·1~.1.rtJJ~~:£fJ!/1 R11y,.1a9:i :gf!7C1.cac-;5•i!'ii'·it6':,cci't1"·ilic11.rl1
l~. l!OqU:l{):{~g (',ilinlz .{ac/1. · ,,· · ·,· ·
. .i;:· ' .
*~· .·., .. . .
;~3a1,;.;~~'~9:1'j~~;pf P;'n1.ay: 'P.~i~n tfch. chfnh such
~%~ .i:;l:)µ-c; P.\ifl&.!'.=4µ,y.t:.u:sau day:>..'"" . . . ··
c6 nhur;~
.

'i,l! ;....;:\ i~~~iifl~'ii~~~i~v!\~J~ ..

Ti{v.~~~i~n··tJ.µ-~,~~ng. n~y .nh~m cung.:.cap-:·Fat_tl'.'?n'g"rifi
< . ' ·•
. ft. t~~? )(:~,~-.-~~~ .~li~AnK:!,M ~W;~Pj :lr.: .T~9!J~,~~~.i.t(.}M.H.J~i;l.m.:dl)'.qc

. f~:,~~;~;;l~'.f
¥ .. ',.
tr~ '~;~~j~,~~~P.;~ff;&Wito,-~li'. ~ ;,~~
11

)f:/J.,J;·::TJi~~i:itfo:; q1tp);liJf.trp#g::pJi'a!z:2.;t{rih ·chtrih sacfi

:f .1ft:€~::Ci.~K.'.<lJ~ift;r~~:';t~~: ··Y:ticl' :i.~i!1'.K'..:ptl~r>til~ii':iu au .:r1m;an; 1~a
::~:~ ·th~~ ·y~.~· ai"ch~-~'h'tj:,j~h. di~h. v.\i th:~~c . Jhi ;riJ.iU·ng:·chfrifo:sach
u ~r:.; . .. .. .. : ··
~( dang. top tc;ti ..troµg.aoi .s.6~~ ·1~a.h9L Th6n$ tin' nay cho bi~·i gill
;~:~~ . rr! th~r¢.rev.a. nhil:JJ;g .fl~n 'di6\1;:1}-,tfi@:;cua·.i:ihiing.:d¥';b~:P'cho d~n
- =s~:. ·tl\Ci'j ctl~l'h :EMrt: tic.Ii; .clffag)hCii ,:qµn·~,,Gho .rhay..:ilhing .n.e:uven
·"····,fi;t~,~~:~~1,~fl~~;p\?~i~~~li~i&fa-;;;~.~; ~;. t¢,.q,.
•~:~.L2.~•. Th~"!-i:'·t(t,~ :hifii)_~FH(-thgc tr.~r:ig:;:dien .biei1 cua
··yi~C!.'i~d:~nddla:i
. .
·lt;~.,cfo;;n.~·~ri:d·~
. :
chinh:s~ch, hd~ch diinh.hay
.,\ •
·lo
I2!
 .......
. ~:

ch~c th~c .thi chinh sa~h trong, dai :song: x~ ·hl;ii., Tho:ng 1in':: :
hi~n t~~:cho .bi~t_. cac:qua .1rlrl'h·.tti~11:*11:µ1.;1f~rt; co tt'?-rrL~~o'.,,m\1c : .
tHch! yeu du d~a .ch~ t.h(d~ ra kh~JJ,.g~ . lJ.~hg::f~CtJ:..¢ung,~cho.'.
bier rh¢c d¢ chenl1 .l~ch giiia hb~t d9.ng~'tdgn ·khai. val cl\[ .kieff. :
cua.- chu the. .: . . :
-·. --- ··2·.-1-.S·rl'.fio,,,t#n'-ttro.'.tJ;g·fal"I~~ ket):(µi;;<ti~n:~:Oi~ri'.-¢'U~::tjua
c
tr1nh' ctrfnh 1ift~li 4~t ·~ttef 1fon:g. tiidni lti ·if.en ·~~,. s·~\\{~i qu~
·pha~· ~ich . thfpP,..$acli.qqa~lihft~v~ li1~fi:,,t~:L/rh'~n.ig:ifo':H(dng;fai · · · ;
c_ho~biet k:~~ ~ii,fi.g, YY.'Cl,:ggng.·:cua;:qtia,·~d~l{·~hlnh ~ach,'ti*ti co
M chU th~ chfr, d{>ng !mg ph0 v&i trfi~rtg tinh ·h~:oiig: x~y ra
rrong tb.\[c te.

Ca1=,.U~\qng. L.in tren. i~i dugc nguGi··P~~il, tfoh :J<S(noi'thec.

mqt phtretng. thu~, quy :rrinh ni1ai :dfrih .,i.firuri t~~··r&'"h,{'thcrtg
thong ·tin mcri. lam cct sch:ho qb:u Jh~~.q~an.Jy dieu:,h~nh~ ·phoi
hqp ho~t d¢ng cua cac· cO- qu:tn tflin "Jd1a('cnfrib sa'ch va ;·doi
rn<;ing thv hu~ng. . ·
. ..:~hat nang·. i:hong; UliJa· ·¢ht1.c ·n:il.~g,hibi ...nh~~; phan ~iih
ducyc ban ch~r cac ho~t49ng:pha:r1 if~hi:~cilfoh sa~~-,:J(e( q1ia ..
ph'an giii ca!=· ho~t ·d¢t\g lie.rt ·qua,n <lt!n clm trin:h ch'fhh· sach,
cho ph€p ta. nh~n di¢n '.i:hrgc; d.~Y :di'.r;~·c&fnh x~t, kip ;thoi ve
mgt hl~n· .ttrq.ng,(kinh ·te.:. iii· h9i~ :rnoi trti'ang).
.• - tr~P.g. qua. trfoh
v~n .d¢ng theo cfrfoh.:·s·ach~

2..2. Ch-ifonang-t?ti .dgngJi!c

· · Sau .khr thuc rifu1inh6.~~pio .cua 'Phan. tkh chf~h such.
duqc lhlft hi~n. ~a chu::-tn~· v~ kh~:ch r6t tl~u y th&c ·diiqc vii.·
mlnh t~i thOi diffo ph·an Jfch M t\f h6~n th~~n v~ cung 'nhau
·thl!c .hi~n l& .cltu·trin~1~~~il1:~;s~~~:. (ilkl:n 1h~_Jl'li¥e~'d.fili Gtia--~· .

122
, ,1f.:li:?:t!f· •
' liii:c naog thort.g t.in: nlnr-v~yJam cho phaflich chlnh sach c6
=iJu&c ch(rc: nam~ .cua mot c.ong c~ .dung de r~.o dqng life cho
;c~J:ysu,cuii io tha~ h<;>.~l d_gng hi;icyc~. ·d!l'\~ ~a ~.6.ch.\fc rnvc· t~i
.·chinh t;a·ch. Cuc y~u ltl d6. o~o .g.6rri chU .tM, khiich the v~l moi
'·Jr.U'.ong chfnh ila~h~ Phan rfch cninh.·sficlr-giup· i;hirih'e 'danh 'gia
·.-dm;rc mii:c khil !hi cua mql .ch46i>c-Jc ;q~y~r'd(nff"tti Yi~c:. l~t\,
ch9n v~n •
cie chfoh. sac}l·den cac bien phap~guy .trl c~fnh such.
• ' I. : '·•·•~·~·· 1.~;.1'•.i1t '~!~..~·.:,1,:,.• '•'.f:~·/. •''' •

- 'D?~g thcri con giUp·c.hu th~ rm:~·n 'd1¥-~'c1'trqc sat lhlf~.. hcrn ve
... n~:li;!Jg_•. gJ~:Jri ni9.c· ti~.u .va cac cliill·h'iiich;c1.ari·g 'th.e·d'Ciu6i. Tµc
. ' ·:~·: ..·· .. . : ~ . "-t. . .~ ,.,1 ••. ,,. ::,.:t.:.~!·,: ~··:t·~·".: ;~1~·
:', .......::9C!MJ.~.ru:l .~w.. S!!.dlun.~d,uc. cho ·1'··ch1-'-eu.a"=chu··the .. ngay··cang
o# ,,,.

...:,, .;.~ "·· .......· . - ... •. . ... - ..t,'

.:j~.J°.:-~~src,.~~n;if.ao y.8;Jt,9~n. tl1i~n. PMn ·.itch _¢hinh sacli-,s.e.chi:~ho

·~:~ ~~- :)?h.~A.~ }h~ ..\~·~ . <~~g9dtn.i:ir tr~n ii6n ':c~i \ii{ rv~ .ct9rif cu a'. :rrilnh
·f~ ?:. ::_j~9~~;~.uct )'d,n~,:;£b.iJ.F ~Ill .J;;~fnh:.s;lc!Lcl~· ;~Q. hf so stlrth. v6i 'm !JC
.'.~ J, :::tieu .Pllftfa,4~.u ~.u.~.h.a9 . ~,n:&p, Yai ye:u.--cau:;e:~~·:chinh s~ch·-Va .cua
iii ·;~'q(.g~~~~-;~,IS~~~:su~:;-.-~ '.~h~~.o:tbrrcdo~.~e;;t CJ.~:inen .rneyr~d.?~g·· 1tfc
..
::f~ ~-~~:~·::~ R~R ~ft>E\~}:;u~,.,Eai:: rsu ·r6J~u,¢,q ·k.ha~hy.the, d~·'rh\r~
...
:~&*~ %~q ~?~'.h!?P. "cfoi~Pn,1i;:,4g_u. c:h;nq .sach;: Chu7:t~~ ·va: khiich=!hc
~1~: ,:rti~fl), J~.~a Y~?,,q!f~J.tl!!J~ .c;pfnh:,$.4c.h:·d~u.'.th\.1Qc .ve:m9t tci ~c~.uc,

.J··,i~tii!~i~t'~{;;~~~~i~;~~::·~J~·,t~n~~;
,'I '~~i~fi:l~~~~fili;~~i':~~'b1i:~i:;~~~·:&~Q;~:;~::~~~
)~~ c~ng
hoan th1.~n. ~hi.n.h· c;ac yeo .to tham- grn qua t.nnh h9~ch
·;~~·· djnh Ya thr,rc thi 7~.fp:h-~4.C:h i;;i5rih~n: dw;tc:ci¢ng h;i:c Hu1i;: day tu
"' ~,:~i ket. qu~ phfln ·tic~. ¢ljf'p_h S.ach. iJ tat i:rJ:~5i ~.9 kP.cJ.c, )1hau da tc}.O
\k: neri foo1 inrong: th°#i}tl"l~i :~ho tir9 li<ni:r: dgng ,i;;!;lnh tranh hay
;,. ··;fHenke) pJ16t ti'i~d. hg;ay ,i·;·qng. ter:ch~c. Pha~1 tf~h chfnh such ·
: .'.}:)~'.· con chi nt.mU-c ch~rih.·1?ch":V.~_:. K~bqua: .h9~L;d9ng:grua cac to
. ..
~':~1 chiid trqng··moi .tru~~;~:-,i~:~iirhe· v~n q.2.ryg ciia_ ~:?! ~rtr~ng r~c

·.·f. .•
1.·i'.i_'._• . ,
·.... -
. . .. .
,:.,:::.
m
 .. .. ~

.,·,·.'.1.:·
d~ng ~e~ r6 chU:c. ·~'6i q~a~ li~ qu~ l~i .nay,:·~e t<}:O r.rd¢ng.;l;c:·f1:·
cha ·ca to cht1c
~ . -va m6i- truan!!.
~- ·--~-- .... · -'.... ;
• • ·~.. • •• ' -; • !: :

· ··:2..3. (;~:ire nang''ld~in 'SPat.·. ,. . . . .·· ,. .~~ .... jf ~

Tfnh Cfll\g CQ .cu.a phdn t.fc{l thfnli ·Sith cun::ththr~1f Cf.'.t ;
kha nang ·.kI~m soat tbari. bg· q.u~,_t:i;lnh hd?'.ch: .dJn·h V.u.:rK~c Th(:~.,,:.. ,.. -
~hinh such t9eo yeu qiiu ~cua cM· ihtquarf· ly.· Khi ban ':Jiifuh, .:
:hfnh ;ac~, y, c~f~ cua c~u ~~~· ~u~:· ph~n.~~~h ·ro .tr~. '."~ .~~-ch ·.~~,
.nei .. ~-
. 1.mg.xtr .v01 cac h1~n·ttrqng phat smh i1harn .d~t mvc· lleu lrong· ,. "-'
nrong .lai.' L9 t:rinh den m1,1c.. ·ti'eu dlf"ld~n: duqc i:hU dqng xay .·:: '.
d!fng thanh chucrng tr1nh; ke ho~ch i:l:I thi: lam can cu cho vi.~ ·:~ :
th!/C thi chfnh such, T~~Jl. cd s'Cr'i:nt;fC' tieu va, bi'¢·n pbap~ciia ·: :.
' ~.hi'.hh sach vii: kc hO'~ch thgc thi, phan ..tfch ~hinh :utch ·gil:ip
chi'.! tM nh~n bie't. du~c npti:n~ .sa1'l~ch gl:tta~ d1.J kien vii thl!c te .
d~ chu d¢ng· n~m b~t thl!c tr~ng v~n d~ng. cua d. ,t6 tit,, cua ch
m6i q.ua trlnh. tll' dd. k!p ihoi d6n :c16c, dicu chfoh '.·m1:1c tieu;.
bi~n phap cho t.hich' hqp" vcr.i n1.6i triiang ,rihfun .dl_ll In 9c lieu'
dinh htrcrng.

3. :NHI~M VQ.PHAN·TfCH C'I+fNHSACH

,.D~ ffuy·trl s\r'r~n tftH:~¢ cfp:i'c na!li)rel'l,-p!pln tfoh chfnh :
sU:~h phai fofa h~u·h·t~'rig t~~t. d:c {i;-0',L! :a9~.i tQ tn~ sau: '
3.I. Xay dlf:Ilg· ke::ho~ch pha:n·~ftC11
. : .,...·'. .., .. ,••. ~ . :·
·• ./ . ' . ... ;.

Drty la bttoc khcri dau cho ti'r qi.la0 tdnh 'phan: tfch giUp:
cll~ng_ t~· ~b~ clgng ci.~p c~.n ·'l&i m~c: d~uJ bang:dc plitrcmg,·;
phap thich.hqp .. Khorig nhfrng. t:h€ ke h6-cJch phan.:rt~h cbii g:ii,ip: .~
. ··: .. . . ·.· ·'..·· '\,

~h'ung ta.hi1y d¢ngdtrqc.c1kditfo ki~ll vnt:chat tian•g 1hi~'t bf.

ky thu~t d~ ph1.J.C.-'1'.J:l.:I6Lnhn'.Lcho.:Cong.,tfo pban :tich; V-a-.cu1f:.

124
 :.!

~
~·

f~ c4ng~.fe:,i~~~q,~i;Eti~r\f~fh::~J§p sh.~~_;l~!·Y.MA.9D~:;¥fo :~~gi . _g!.~? ·

4:d~
s· . c6.. ':;. ...nhUri'~:.chuO'tia;tdnh~yhu;·h.Cip:.N6f,.ffi,q.i
· • • ..
.~:: ·.~.~·!.· ~ ~·;J.~1" !:,t:!~:~~:· r.r.·~r;.1
... ..... ;,;'~·"'
::...:- ·":!.".:..-t••·
tr~~h
q\.!;,1 ·:b. qit)l.c.
~.~f·-.J.i·:· .. .i. . .... .~.~··rl
.. · .. •• ' ·. ~ ~ -~
f. Nor;f,i.P.n$!.i:ua::;tAyil)m'O:;ke.hoacn . .ph~n:,~ch: . f.~frtl1 $~ch.baa
·~ g,6~~~':::.:~ .~·::;·:!:..;·'''''' '. ' ,• .t-'!":·~·,·"·.;::~!;··. ·.•}'." '"''::·-.•·,,"~'·"' .:·· ·~:··~'" -, ...... ' .
· 1 ~"·"'.¥ay;.4~i;i,g~ejho~cl:x:P.!t~n4fch:Jur:ig;.·no.~t:p9n& ~hi11h ·su~h
t:ff· ttt hoach./dirih~~.deniP.ifilif.-i;Ub:C.htnh:,sath;:.
~~}:.:t.~{i~:. ""·1 :~1I. Jt::if~ -~:: ~·-~::·.~~4:~/:~ .. :. )· ,..... .,........ .....
=~.f;;du:·';riiit!:;k-e·
. : '· •' . . hO'ach
. ~ ·:.
- ··f ~~Y.J'P-itI~~F!.iiw..1 e~ch'.~F?~~-~J,+.e.,_ra,::.4i,rg~;,:tjn~ng,:~t;ri,l}c:·*'·t!~u ...can
·~_.huar,"~ ;~cr.t,J~~:phga~·,i:P.!mng~Jfi.4ii"i ~~~fl.~µ, ]ong-;rnar ding
:lJ:cty .~~~fJhg~~~r,~µ::¥~·i;6~~ft!~~nh:~p~~n:_Jha~ ;g~a!~#5r;:thao ·"chinh
. . 1
sa.chXf:i:tqg_g:,
:Is!.: r_\t,-phu;p,h;~; yQ'.i; cac:h.o~t. di;tri'g.. cl):fnh. sa~h'.'khltc. .
J,... • f.. . .'

·Iii~ ·X'ily-dttnd,;k€ hoacWt~t!n;do ·phan· ·rrd{chfrib '.S:ich

:~. ._,,:.~tt~--~¥¥rii·1~~·'!h'~~~~k'~kt6·~'.\~ef~-·~h:~~~h¥Ji}}K~K.B·~~r-~ p.~c11
1~: (,bao gom ca:rigu6!1 nJ.1af! ltJ'c·v? v~t h;rc). · · · ·
fi· ·. . 'I:.·. •:.1·· .'·..... ,.~.·· i;:.·~ ~ ·;....•:•hi':''~ll·'f:..:: ::·· .• • ..":!!·••• ,fJ::,.• . .I .•
.;;~ . :Xii.y.duncr:ke· · .. "f{ph'.oi l:i&'p"Philn t1ch.,a1fra,i::ac ca quan
~~chird::h~~~~;\~rti~'i~~ -~6~·:deW:Ha'&H~--·~~H%::ii~·'' .:,~~ \~-:::: ...... :. .
«~;. : :{ ;;;;~! ;:.~.r: .{:;in~,;~~,.\f'Jt:· i;:;;J~·~:•: i:'.'31:'.:.~\t:" ,::~;ifr.t ~:,;{.i•i.'.! y.ii: , . > " ...
f~ .h •. };Ja~l~:.:~~~~~~:}r~·n ~?~~~. ·Bh~UFR:i·®~- .. :·~t,..1~S*c! 1 . ~¥..
e'.cnu:·ao' . _ " . , duac ,vo·:~',"huna 1eif'd.oil'i"brir ·
Jffilr·'P qfta ..
1~~Jhir9~ii'.¥~~\i!~:I&~~· :;?~i{[~~ildh~l~·r'''~'"' .:'::iot·;, . ·~·"";.'::-·~ '' .' ,_.
. i!t~.. :/'?°::Y:l.r-~!";r·:'.:,.:~),_.~<;},t;j~~'.:"·'}.;:'.:1'.~'.'_". ·~<,::i<'.'. i:::,:, .." . '·; :, ..
.:~; 3~2. T?,,;~h(rc cong t~~·::~·~-art~[~~~~~fif~l{~~i'~ca:·'"
,.. · , ": b:~y 1a,\9qqp:ti:i~~lha1\o~rt-d,au~:1h¢:9Jcf lio!1ch:'phan .tich
.~€.xe'p:.f!~J sa~.:Y.,e:u:~.t~t~p,\!;i:rf:gi~.q:ua. frlnh phftri t'fch .cho.phu
• . • , • ~ •' ·,:., :. •.. +. : •• ·'. •. ' • . • •• :.. ' , ?. . "'. - .... :.. ' •

...' . P ,:,~~~":~¢\1~:,<;?,y,r!:9,:qng;1t~i;.:=ppan ,.q.~h;;: ·cl~ .v1ta>dam .bao: cl crqt

~~i:l;:.:.~~i9~~~~iN~it:~u~~~~hc~~~~:~~~~!~~i~;f~:i~;·•;~~- ·
·~xt'cptjg~. ph~ri ·cap ,va :phoi nc;tp"t4\:. b.9. ph~n thi.l:i~J:l gi~·ho,~t
.:'µg;:pMnJ~cfr
;.... .. ; . -'. :·. .:r
tf.i.i~te.....hi.~t( ¢·~.c> 96fig
.
~·:
iv}~¢: rib:u: ·

J25
i•cn ~u:";hUh;~~,t~'~~~('~~;h~~:ii~~Nt~j~;f;
N~u citn. 1111 .li~'fr .diio ::Ph~'.;ifoli~'o'.6.?¢hA1!Q:h~dtrnh~sacfr:th1' 't(ii
xem -~gt 'thifr. hlnh v~ tl~hg·:d'.frI.eitc.::qtiiltHJfc6. frerfqtia{r.den
van de ~hfnh ·sjoh:iie-·.Clinh:.hq®.g"~c~b ·m~c tleU: .clifnh s~Cl1.
!'."'\'. !o. . .. 1.;~. - . .· ' ,.. . . • ·I...:. ...,,!.. ,. ~ .. ,,.. ~ • .i•·-....t'.... "•
J:;1Dl1;g-.t1J.O:l~·~l.1U,~:;t.lf-€!%t::if.!Jlo/.""lU1j:tf.YJ?;n~t1'Qng'·.ui:f".'k:'e~~hqp va1,:u1eu
'ki~n hi~rt c6 d·~. c6' .9frefe· n}l:frq'g:di'i:ti~u~~iri~ ·cho ·viec'iao dling
enc bi~n phap}hgc thi '(:hr6.li ~~ch. B~ c~hh d6. C£ing ~!ri 'thu·:
th¥p tai H~u. v~ kha niing xtiy dlfng catJ?iHran.g )in chfah's~ch
CUa cac Cr:! quan Chile n.ang d~ ~6 iht:··:gi:a!) qhu tn cho·rn¢(CO'.
quan, con cac ca quan khai:r se tham' gi~rphoi :ho/.p. ±)j~u citn
chu y trong. ~l{qc qµ.y 1~ tai I1¢u .t~u th~p:f:iin: phal du.:; djln:g,
kip thcri d~ VUa dam bao·cha Cong tac phan:t1cbvl!a trfoh.iang
phf cang 'StIC Va tl~n cua. . ..
- X fr ly tai H~u tl,i\l. tQgp d.u.qc~ !~ . hp<i;t dqng·;Jiep tlieq ·. clia
buac. thU rh~p tai.li~u ~h·~D:l<~ac:dfhlJ;.f.tfih;hqp.ly~.'hqp·:phap
cua taUi~u thu th~p d.tr<;tc va·hi~u i:hinh ~hl U~ti theo,·n.¢l;.dµng,
dcrn v! va pJ:ilt(fng·phapJinh ih6ng nhfi't .chQ. phep ~au·:n6i cac·
du li~u thanh m9t chti6i ·nen. tt;ic·p.h~1tanh«:111gc m¢t.qua frfoh,
hay hi~n t11c;tng·nao d6~ Bircrc xlr iy iai li~u'.ta'.can thiefva coy ·
nghia
. quan tr9ng·a~ tOhg.hqp
.
Lhong·. tin.
'

- TQng,.hqp iai ll~µ:'U ho~ra.9~g.:·ph'Oi·:n9P cacdtdi¢u;:da

thong q~a xll-Jy bang :ca'c:· phll'ang phap toah· hc;>c, th6ng: ke,
k..inh ~~' xir h¢i h9c v.:':'~~. ·S:§·t~z. net~ n;htug 'thvng: th'dl:au kh' :
cha ph~p.nh~n bii!t·dttqc thgc rr~ng ~et q~a'.hay qua tr1rµi..v~n ·· . :-.· ·
d¢ng cua m¢t 'hi~n '~1:fQng· trucrc Va $aU .Ii::hL9h1_u tic: a¢n¥ cila ' . ;
mor,chinh -sach. ~.

. f'han- trch- tai-M~u:· la· ho~1-d¢n~~'·pJralf. glai .·cifi: Hr~n'·__:ic:.j: ·

'ii'' .
' ~i •
 "
. ·~ tu9ng ciu:gc ton tc:i.o b.~ng ke\ q(ltl: tong hqp lre.n day de! thay
: dl£q¢ ke'i: qua ·v.~n dgqg pMt triGn ciia mQt hay nhieu hi¢n
~ tugpg trpni "i:i:i9i quan·h~ b~¢n. ~hun;g voi cac hi~n. nrgng kh~c
···,·f:.·_. va. v.oi mo~: tr.trqng~ Bo~.g tbqj ciing .cha ·ph~p xac. dinh ro
1,. - *' . . ·- ...• . . ... . ,.. h .,. ., . 1 ~ d'""
f .. i1~!:!:1~·~r,\~~!.l!.;~,P·i<:t.t;1JiJl;µ~n:_g:.~~ W,P.'PttJ;If,b\'.>;~~Q.l'\.g~c;Y..t1:.f 1µp,g :,,~n
# .,.:

ke't: qu_fx~ri: d.Qn:g,<;fl~ hr~n. ttr<;i.ng. D.;y~lJt;:bµ'.gf:~HqJ'.;~,. q_f~f··:C~O

~111~e~;?~~~;~"!:~;~:~:~;:p,:;;;~1~:~y:~,_·~~c •h;
.:~rtt:9;~~5.?..~h~fl~R~t9J~Js9.t;7J,\1:.~ ·PPJrt. :w~rr ~J\~-ri.p·;·.~P:f h~. l~· hoa,t
... 4~ii~t:d4.tljj_;g~j ·,,;,~ ·m~h.9.t.i.fnli,.$g~h.~~r,¢.n.~~ip,J1l!J:(.rig•;¢ii~l):1$.Jg~p
.iii; 'i1ittcr'i£~.:d?rh:a-;·th&T~IilMa~i:ii~n;;.b6ria,,._~i1~- ,~i~c;tiep .tuc· .<l uy
·sau.
1.i.1~~ 1~~~~1~~fl~~~le~":;~[1~.i:A:~~¢.'.i~i~m4r~h:~ihi~t:~~~~·~~~· ~y
·- ·
.·. ~ . ·:· :~·::. h'.;·~.( ~;· ..:". t'. • • ~ • '

Ngoaiqhli'ng nh'j~m ViJ.::t6'.chrrc·tren day, nha phan_tfch

c:oo: ph~i cung ·.ca'p oay du nl}ii:pg ·<lieu kt~n v~L.c;hat, ky thu~t
d~ dam b~o;~ho qtia:.,iil.nh\pli?cii :f£cf{i:t~t:;y~ti';e:*1i:dk-ra. ·'
."' ......·:. ' . '•

•. • .· .. . , . , ••.•• j ••, . . . .. ..... ~:·" ... • • ~ .. ;,... :: •:!'[" .... ~ ' ..

. :3-:3>J;\'.·i~rh;it?;'"06W~C1~c'.. '·~u~· h;1n'tt"ba'.ii .H~Ji' ·
:,, . ~l~t~'t1~~~~~~~~~~fu°1·!~f!i~ri~~~~~gd~1~~
. than.~. ke.hoach-va.i:liictc to chtrc lnen klia1 bcn cac .CO' quan co
·:rh~m·.f.g~y~~hn~u~~:(;an.~ca~~iid~rr.rhfii~dort:;:i:iBc'-~,~~~ha':·ha'J.t .
.· ·d,g,~~,::~~Yii:1.~~W\1':i,l~{~W7.$)'~9·.~ ·5~l;i. .mi~~~JY.~.n,M .nµQ.c.::b~ng~·.thfnh
sa.~h,::trong:Jtiuc)e;'.'.caiL:hoi'.t a6:ci·g h~n .quan.d€n:ph.~n :tfcb
-.,. . ·c·g~h~;E,~'~1i)~q[~:·:~~~~~~i; -~~j§.f:%~q;:.·~~;n,g ;:~J~~\;ct~i:· tr:e9 .c;ic
- ·r ..<:!~.~. ~r~rt9 }~:~.n!?- ;~~~ -; .'~if .;hSi:t~ ;~ri .~1lgcrng-t~1'!:Y.~I.1:.J.;~~m. ~i:a Jw~t
.-1
. l
- ..·i1..
~~~:~1~t#~i~;&ri1$;~~~~~t~ti~·;~:~:€":a~
.:chi~I1; j;~ ::i~frg:· i)6,ij~:;· tnCif ~Ehig., khuy€n>khrdi: .dtt,gc nh uqg ·
.f ·:·: ' ,•I • '

1
. .. :,":·
~. ..... i.27
. ,._ . . ,.
..
 :~
:i
khau :~ho idifi.n. t~oilg:·no<r(agr}g· .phatt~tk'h; ''l~D:i':dro:'~~ng::"ta:c ' i ·
nay·ngay:cang·ho~n.ihi~n.· .. . · 1·
Nhfrnfnh'i~m. ·vg: rren-aity:·r:f'frgc th~in~anii t'n~ci rri:Qt-rr!nh: r
.t~ nhii'<litili d~ .d1m"if.l~~~ho . p-·h""i~ 'rrcb~-~hfub ,~<1<;'.hicU~i{:7'i"i:6' . ~.1 '' -
. .
hi¢ti- qua;·:g6p:,ph~n::t~Jetthgc::rthtt ·ch6··qn~{ trlnirho~ch:·d!nh -3 ..
Va th J!C thi chfnh' sac~~ Cac· nhi~m vi;t pttaiktrqh. i:i6. d~U;:i:K;va1 ". ·~· ' ~.
rro quan 1rqng· nhu ·n·hau,.:kh·o-rrg ·bo>dt:rgc:nhi~m ·~t,t na.o; tuy 1·
nhien trong nhifn:g ditt'.i ki~n·v~ ytu cilu c1,1·ih$ chifng ta co-th~ .. · ..
tang ctrong cho nhi~m ·vtf. ~ay, gnl~ bot .yeu ciiu ~ai nhi¢m v~ ·· ·
kia.

4. YEU: cku. PHAN TiGH CM:fNH'.SACH . r

'II
D~ qt1ii·.:tr1tih':,PMil ·(~ch;· cfyfoq. ii4c~ ii1~n ~a·;;h~~n.:Jqi va
I

.t
I

dlf.t ket qua. nh'ii:'rriorig:~~!~tr§n; 1~h~ ri~n~·h~~ih"i;n.in titfr'.ph~idam'"

·Mo cac yeu cat.tccfbrut=s~il: ·
r·
I
I ,
;
-4.1. :Yeu~C:~u.toan.:1ii~n. trcmg phanJfoh~:ChJnh ~ach
I

ii..
Chinh sa~n tic-.a9ng «:ien:rn9 i·m·~~:cua :dcrlri;·6ng.xa h¢i va (

lien quan d€n nhieu· dt;i.im;mgArong ;m¢r rhbi ght11 kha d·~i.
i
nen ~rih ht.rimg.:cua rio fa kh6ng rih6.Mti6n,kiS'fquf:'philn li'.ch ..;.
f

dung dan~ k.hach quan, sir d~ng' hifu hi~u c?!rquif h·1nh; ho~ch .
djnh vathi,rc tbi chinh sach thi phai phah Heh toaq . di~n qua
trlnh dT~n bien ··cua cnfo}r s~ch dr khr ia doi
dt'n khi «ket lh-tk
m¢t chfoh ~a~h:. Dong th~i ph~n 'ifch. toa(l di:~n de yeti to
. tham gia qua trlnh chinh sach," ciing. nhtr cac -nhan·to arih .
hu:oilg d€'n ket qua va :qua. tr1rth chfhh s~¢lf. Yeu ciiu ·t.o~:Cr. di~ti
--phar rr<r·tnanh ·quan'tli~m cnniJ!.cicuIGcfiu tfif v~rngtraf aoi
thife thf nhi~m Vt] phan Heh~

!28'
 · -4. Z. :l.(eu ~f4u.tli,µongx~y,ep_ ..
·.·~;~;~~.~·~.;·~:~~~.:~~;~·~.:-;~::J.~l::;~rridQ.ng ·iien_ t~~ ne~ c~c
vaii.:·dif,pung·;.kn.¢ng::n.gtmg ·n~y.:sinh~;v:a. l~i tac.:·dgr;i~. ,den cac
fu·~4{g~.id~-1~~c:~~~q~ n~~ri;¢µa. ~:~cjr s6n.gl;a:h9~,1 ;Mu-On }ci.p
~hbkp~m::Mt::Y,gn)U:t1ifn1i :~4,~ti ha:Y ~~~!{'.~~~h.~1 -~ii~_ :~!~n 'p~a P
. .1ap;..~,i;i9·g;;,~~i~h f.t~P,~d.~fo,tjoi-:thgng;rt~~:!r;:;h~ .zj_i!'an ily ;c~n )jhai
.. :~·. .t~7.?.t;~,~~:s¥;~,'.lr}.~b*~~~~'. ~t=~::~a :~liii~:!~~~:~~/~h.~.k~'_~~n d~n~
I ··. ~-~?A~J?:W);¥?:~~~~J{\4~n:.tQ~i:t~l~i~i(ta1tg>h~fgi'~m:?a~.~a
·I~" ~!:1~,·~~~J,-,;P:W.P:P.~-=::~:~;~~. p·;_r:i9.pJ'{'~.u.~-~~d91'.~tug~g~'C.hlnh'~Sa·ch
i£,f B~f"'~i€n ,~p M~ ~f.lgljg-:c/ia.
moJ
co.
:oien :»ctoi ·,ci?r
tr.uo.~$~· N~fr°:g

:t· ·. r~:~~~~~~~:~'\:!1t~~&~1~:~~~ti~~~ ~i
· 8'-''l;; •
1

·JM~· ~A'tf:~.::~¥4~. y.~u'):;~~·:chl)~~·;fa:pna:fph~~.tfcfr,chfrih::;sac:~1thuG,ng

~~· ~uy~n ,d·e: k!p tl1oL.pl+at"hi~n nhfrn,g b.ifiil .co . . ~ay·':_f.a:·1ihiirn di~u
.~{ chinlJ., b:6 ~u~g cJi~r chfoh s~c:h·n~~r~a~~ #:?:~~i_:"?.\11,nh .

.':·.f; ; .· . ..i4Jl~i}tJ'.'~~'.!~,;~~~:;b~i;i:ra,~:ong·?M
t.~~.~(~.~,i~.fr_pu,y 'F.!1~;.,w .rpnJ~-(~lli:Ph~:tfi~.it::~ua thyc;tM:'·;B€!A~t
s6ng

1:·.
··~·
lT!-IJ'f.:.t~~~.mS)_11:g·.im.~qn,··c~5=.ihh~(q,u'~ri'.:ly·phai::quai:J. . !>"at:·thi,rc the
·
v~ :frs.~·dg'.~;pti'aL·g{~~ ;~rdrri 1 :~h'~c','.:t~.~ir~n:'.·cd.:scr ·tnt) c:tieu ·cua.
·j~; c.~.foi1;;~~~$.'A~~·i~;-4~\.~t::~'.;4~i:i.g)~m:·¢J10,,:ch4ng. di: the9 d{nh
·-:- .if~· hti~Ni~ §.~.;:.~.~::~~gg· . cua ~~~:,_:y~u;.t~ ..ca:u :Jh~rih:chinh sach

.l *!~?[l~l~t~1;t:;;~;~~;~~· ;;~~~
1

s.l;>.!lg ,.l~i ~~pJj_~·~n cq .Jqnlt l~,.;..,~~.:-}lQ.i. ·Chung :d1en ra·'.n19t ·each

~¢-~)~r2f.¢t\A_$~g..'mu69o:Cfra' ~.hu'-~h~"qµ.anJ.y n_htr.ti.:oqg r:isn
kinfr ti:th! . ·fr1razi1£ ·rh.1.. c_:µ-ij:i tranh :gay
. '
g~t x<i.y r.a. -voi v!~c ~an

129
 . ~· .- . ~~::1.

XU-di cac· Sa:n,phtfnt{;O· IQi rihU~n:.:~i~UJ11$~~h::tjaO{ci'.t 911.µ':Y*Y:~e ·;;1·.

aan d'en r.i¢'c- quy~n:~ Hoijq.:'.l:ran,g- ;ne~·k;i'rih: J~·:ketri pfr~t~ii~~;· ;f"~ ·
~f ng sµf~: ,J~9.-·d~n~J~~p .(.P,pr :~hJr y~µ,:l~:JgQ:fJ.Q'n~ >U:t~ '~:Oqg), .~:1.
lat yeu "d{in :den m(>fyfil.i, c~y. 0 v~. ta.ng~(1~11:~?;<sfob: bQC 1~a ·ci.loi )j
cu n g. iu. t.htft nghi~p g,ia tartg. Xli,l;l'._c-3t~ng 4_ii:~e:.:kef th:~nh.-v.on g J
.. !1.fari'Cffrrllliii vira'iiian~~: ti~h:kinh.te·.
--·· . J ...... _., ______
··~-w....
v&a mano:Jfnh
~-....;;..~"'-··-·· ~ ~-··'"'~"'
... ... ·- . •."':... ~· ...cii
·xa,.,;.::h
" -. __ §~.IJ. .:.}j·
•·- .. -... --. , .
~~·: ..-·':"~·-=·,...O. ~···
·. ~

!)ftC. Muon 'glai quye'r c~k m,itu: thuah .tren.·;-. cnu th& :'quan'. lf "1
phai thucrng xufen"th~~o_,pql; phan·'ttch·:nli~frg bien . ·~9'.dien ra· J -· ..
trong qua ttl-nh v.~~- ~9P:g·.ct~ . n·iim b~i oil'Q'~ ~'inh-quy ru4r rron.g
hor].t ~9ng cua cac yeu,.t<J·~~t thtt cf~ling~d.i~u ki~n 'ho~ri. canh
cv tlie. Tren ca sit nh~n _thuc ~irg2: sau :s·~k ~blfC ·t~:;tfig'·ho:;ir '· ·
dqng CU a diC Y~U t6'ca'u. tharin . qU,a·frlnli Cli:fnb:~~Ch Va n~~yen
ly tac d$ng qua l~-i _gifra cfafog va
vcrVmoLtnr~g. ·chrlng fa. "
mOi tl'ffi kiem. dtrqc Cac bt~n phap. lac ·dgng toi. IIU dc"n nlf:IC
. tieu chlnh sach. . .. .

4.4.' Yetir.tau i:l6ng"b9: ..

Mgt th.gc tp~ t6:n t~i bao ,gi·&. cfi··rt.~··:c.r;?'rifi~g;.~t,16 ttcu
djnh huarig~ do m 1119,c--tieu-.phar tri6n q~h dinnaAu d?i.·M1,1c·
tieu . chuno.0 ba. o ca6m. . nhJfu m·uc't1"eu.·-b;i.
. '!i'.... u.l:l.n-• .rrt.uc:ti~tJ'c.1f
·P.:."'

nhau, chuy~n hoa·cho:nhau, v~a.. th.t!c:dfly·ihau (urig bucrc d'en

rnvc rieu d!nli turqog~ £1&.ct~t mttc.ti!!u b~::ph~ntrong.:rtrng;"thoi
ky; chu .th~: quan ly phai SU·dit:ng ~~t h~ Ifa5'ng· dH:: ci6fig c1:1,
..
ca trong ng&n hi~.n Y~· tr.u:i:rg.·h~n •. Cac . m9c .tieu d6 v.tr~,·ker n6i
. . th~

;.:· · "'.;
l
~rong do co chihh sach de thtic day
cac qua trlnh di!it miJc
:-ieu. Bi-eu d'6 co ir~h'ia j:~ ket nua van' d6ria0 tha'nh tac. hi~n · · 1·:
.... -;i • •• ·~
<'
tugng CIJ thfbao gortl-st,rluc dqn·g t:ua nbieu ~e~_j eong ci;i. ·nch. ..
:~hi· phiH1 ·tich ~chfrrh-'8ach .c~n-·~niii :ern~X.~t. 'd~ng·;t\\'Cri voi, ca: " 'j"
k~t .qua phitn tfoh khiic de dam ba? tmlf_khach· qum:1 va h~ , ,
.• ~- "'H:
thQ"11.g~ i·

.I.·~1·".
 ilf· 4.5. Yeudulook
._:·:J Ket. qua 'd~t du;c
cua m¢i chfnh sikh kh6ng phv thu9c
.. -~ vao m.(?t qu~ trlnh. v~n .dgng rieng 'Pi~t nao trong chu tl."lnh
·1}~ <::hinh !)ach, m~ no· pliiii dtrgc 'ket rhanh tlr moi btra~ \heo ffiQ[
;~· hanry::~E~Q~.:E~~:.·~t.t.S.~:,R.A1ut.Ti~11.x~y v.ai .Phan: tf~h: ~~fnh·.sach,
··:i, ~.·. k~t .quA _ph.an .iich ·a. buqc nay vj:ta:mo~duo~g;· :ri£~ ..t.~ng vua larri
. /t . 5ho·?._!!Cr.c !l~µ>N~u.'btr&c·s.au ~1l'~ng.i:I~~ V.~6'~~~.;tjp~:. .~lf~~p,;rrc_h
'~ ~ ...... 9.fla)~.t.!¢i:.h:irac.~~e-~ua '.ra nbfrng'~Ifet·'lt.i~IT- ma'.~g: _tfiin~·iiy}3pan
· '{. A~:~·R~;~!l! !9119.~:g_;~J.1~9·'.t.-htJ<;:;~v~cilin·?:eri ~nttng.q~j,~~J~~i!~.~eu
.. } . ,p~~~ Jfgn;ch_f\ih·:~i_cfi:-rn·a c1k !J'.hi~:'pliM tich.'pf;iai. cijj.~n:' tiirl':·
:· ~:.. ";··- . ;_;: ·· .~ .. · ';,:~· .. :.. .~···;.~. _ ...·: : .. ~--~. '·~.: :."·:·:, .·~·~·u~r· :. ci':.·
1
"', ·~:1: · ·: ·_~.........·~f:.p_' '.*€~:.· \,q·':.~wii _'inr.dl'{G DEN. PHAN-TfCH
0

; ::
'· · ·'
. CHINH-'SACH
~ ~~ ~ ·~·:
•• ,'. ;·
.
1' : -:: : -:: ' • •
· ·~ ' • •
" ·"

.. :,. . ' .. •, .P~1g,n··tfch. chfnq sach·".dien·:ra:·cung :-lo~ 9,ht.1)1~1ri.n. \:i~~nh

;; · ., _s~cl1.. iY.~ g~n ..yof ~~h~~g;:Cli°t~;ti~~i~~' cif tJi·~.~c~a tji§t,:qu}5¢·\gia)1ay
· ~· · .m.9t ;Y.ti.f!,g:;,.cl{11·~h~~.~g ·xr'.:ilie:1;~f. q'ua~:va\q~,~~)}l,~R~~Pb~fi~iich
· ··:. ·~ .:cl1r.nh ~~C11i~~hiu-'.:.1~2;::cif>bitcira'.,:nliifJ·1~1€~'"t~ I'.6'J. . fJi r:it6X£:~m01

·,~ :··~;~~~~~h~!~~9ri!~~~~:~~i~~w~~~~l~\~~~~
. ·'1( . · rriuc: _:?i,r·anh h.U'c>'fig ·cu~ Hrng. yei;t"t~ ct;~~ :q~-~ :t~~~t1,phan tfch .
.tl ~au au y_ la f!19t s6. ye:u to q}i·a:n . t~qtfg'~· . · ! ,.~ · · -
.. ~ ' ·... . ' _ ...
, 'a'; s.l, Yeu.Hi:.chfnh td
:n~y... ·T1~.n dh. -~hini/ tri: :ii~~ Nlia nuoc diroc r!l~:hie~ rron.ll erk
0

_, , ~ chfnh: ~i~~ . d~>u11g~ii:'.Y~i·~~c .4ili ·wq1ve,·~;~ qtli (~ll\lh kinh.·r~ -

~ :~, ··~~~~:·~h,;~:6,~it·~ ·~~j~~~l,:~~~~~~~:~~:~~:rd~:.~tr:i~,~! J~;i~;i

1

··~1t· ' ',:, ";; ·:· .·.' . :; . ·:· ~ ....

~· ~. 131
..{,.
~ ..
 ..;!
':•.
·f:.
cat:. ho~t d<mg
xa hg(di6n '.ta: the.o ··:·di~h- .Ii'tr6ng.:"~hi'.nlf trj. ·£){ .
theo doi, da~h :gia (i~a r;r.t~h. ~c:"thtclllnh sacil ~rfi: co dap .
..·.!I!lg
; :ye.u;;::,..u
;:.: · i :.. '".1-uan ta
~-··:~ 1·~ · ··•·· · ~n:.; · · · .: "',..i:_ .. ·,r 1..hJl- · cfiiifr& 'hai . . ~·
y..~c.~~.1:i~~p.;Jlll!1&-iua~.;1' ~~g,., .. , -,,1::t." •.•. . ·--~
p. .,;
tien hanh phan tfch· clltnli sadi. Qua"·p~an rfch. ·s'hfrih sachl .
· NM nuoc bietduqc tmh;4ui_lg.dfu . ~ay:~h6ng'.~~a dilihhll'png
chinh 'rr!: b1€~ dirge ·m.9c ti~u· ?rt~. NJ:ia; ~t.roc .dang.. th~o du61
MJig chinh sach co. pnif 4w vat nguy~n vqng ciia· d6ng dao · ,
quan chUng nha:n d!n hay kh6ng; daqh . gi~' ~uqp)qng i.hi.~tia .. ~· -
nhll.n dAn vao Nlia'nu62 den."d!ti; ·quy~n.·1~~ ~ua Nh~ tlll'OC c;toi .
v6i xa h¢i cao.hay·th!p. v:v... Xet cho c~ng; phin ti~h chfnh :
sach c~ng la m¢t hq~t·d¢ng t~~. hi~n\~·chi c·~aN~-~ nm1c d6i
vai xa hQi. KeY qua phan .tfCJl ~hfah :sach giup :cho nucrc ma.
· ngay cang· hoan. th.iM ~P'.lh :hrrang chfnh rtj cua·m1nh,. tit d6
cung c6 Vi the cua::Nhii" nU'&c trdng ~a h¢i. Nh~' v~y:qo th~
t-hay. d!nh 'h'l.rorig chfnh tri c6' ahh hu&ng,rar ldn d€n "qµa rrlnh
va k~t qua ph~n· tich tiifnh·s~c~~ · · · ·

Nhir· chung ta, d'i bie't, 46i liigu.g:.-ctilnh ·sach ciia. Nha
m.rac l~'toan d~n,' tga1t:tji¢~~·Ti¢ ~9rii·c.µa,ch1nh.sach.lam c.ho
dai 'song ~a: ·h¢f ngay. ;ca~&: phat tri~n .:V~·'na·..1i:rQrig vK.eha't.
Trlp.:h :cl9 vilo; lioa Ji~·,.li¢i·!l!n'g l~n g~up thi:r•nj'iir:ft Q.~~n· y thtr<:: ·
dugc d~y dti hotr V~'- chfhh:~~ch ~:phan;:iich ~~n·h sacb, .'tir do
hq ti! ghtc tharri .g1a::d:611g; ,gclp vao· quii trlnh ph~ trch chfrih
sacl1 tfch. C1:fC hcrn. StftI;f. 'gi~c tham . gia cira. cac d6Ltiiqng vao
qua rrlnh chfoh sach :ciihg lam ·:cho k€.t qua pha.fr trc~- chfnh
·~ -· satn to fling, ~fifoh ~ac hdti. ~6ng ·ihbi4"i~u. ki~n· k.foli rl dliqc:
cai thi~n. se·. t~O thii~n lqi ·cha Vi~c cutig' cap.:cac _yett to v~t · .
chat ky tbu~t va tai chfnff ch6 qua trlnh phan lich·".tll'.g6G·.d¢ ·:~
'.!·
132
 · 'ffartd'ah'~'thP:yliuqc'slf~~'li-huon.g,'-".ua·Ga~·"~eu·ro ·kinh. re~ .x.a
·fi'¢1·d€ri.JC'€t~quil =y:a; ·ciu;~:tr1nh2-!~filn ffoh:':Ch1ph'~:~~h;:· Ho~q nhln
'ii:r\It?:~~~~g9c·-~¢.~kM~ . 1.ib:.xa,~;h¢i'.1I?~~J: tr:i~n ·~·n1.d¥n.:nhfr~g.·:yAu
citi.i:..c~~i~.h"a9d16aii1.,thi~~'·:hon;d(fr:v.t&i h~~thon.g· chitilt:&ach ·C:lia

. ."It+-'ii~iS~ii:~~~~~~~;:·~~~~~;
. · . :· .·: .··.-~~~:.::x~~J~:1~:~.~.;r~s,·~nB~~-~df.c~~:zi~1\i~1:~:P.~~.~ .t.f~!i
.·I ·. -. ., ~..,.~~::-.t~fJ~.:j.~!.:}}.q, ~-~F.tl'Il.~}~m. _qµy~t. qJnh :9€.n :vi~,i:: ho an ..
·lf c·~R~n,~,::~%,,i~~~~'.i~1~t }~Qi;t:,~ B~.~~"\ ~f~h :F;~f~.~:,~4~~7. N~qg :life•
:!~ .-I.P.~ft.·<~~1~~i~§f:l1,)~~·~.,B~~aq}f~.~Aµ9g l~-e}¥~~ ~~~r.. .ga,cphµ~mg ·
·~.· .'~t~~-:!?J?h~~:·~~:J~\!~;~~%r JA~~,'.~-~~5he:f9)r~~h~?9)~.~~g, l!fs ~at
. : ;i;. :·~.~~· ?.·?~·~'fh~:t~~~gJ19.~1.1:"~h.~~);~!"£@)µq~g~,~9~g ~~~~c., P~.~1) Jf~.h
·:~l;t Jg~.;:~~~~~~§~£.M:;,~~R3.~.6,;i~?2i~ffe2})j~h.~t$.~#§.~~g~~:. :Ii9.:F~;.~~~a
,; ;~;· nang,. jjn'e:r ..(~:un:a-·::va. lam ::ch1L:nhmig· .cona~.ri1 &h6::.hien-.dai -~vao
).:. r.1.1:at::.:::· ~,_;:·ai.~e::~ ·!~~·~::::t~~. 1 :":·;..!i::N.:·:;{:r~;J ..'. ·1·,;;••:1 ;-=/~ .:1.'lf ..~'.:~~:.- .\.;·~~~~ .9.:~:., .~..o::,--~·: . t·~·i·::'": -~.. ~ 1.: ,,.
I;: ·q.J:i)iy~.l1::m¢iftl~;i ...·'c '1ao.:d.6i10:, ·Co~khitnaritt.:tiep ~c.an
-, ..
. ·. t~·.. 'ift~~::.[~.~:ag;~§~·~d:fr'7
·, ' ,. . . --= ::~::.·~·~"t . ~!· :1:.·~·}·~.~~~"~::.· /f;~i.::h'.:;_r;::r: "'~.:·"·
. . ..
ii:.9'il~,i;!J'C"'>":l:~PJ:Ill-P.Jr'1i::i .p11a.n ..u.c,: 1·1.·
·~I~ .. · ' • , ...,,_ .:;,.t•f,.J,<;• ;•·;,,,•,!;:;.""~~';'• ... ~i',:.:.:\,I;>'.,•~·~ .......... ·.~.-.,..·•r-t,·+t:
I.•·".',.•··•• ~ ..

, ;: . Don,g .thpt .h9 ~c.9~ 'c. ·t{fit · .g:·:n.b'~n· ·~1li.tc· :~frinti)~f':t6r .. rtr. do
;, :~~ ¢?;;,.?, ~htfc d~n~. htiopg 'tr~!}~:,;~~~§h;9¥.;.:tp:;J;Lg ..;p).~g-~.Jf~h.chfn~
, ·J ~~~~~ ~Y~ ~~:· . triJ; q~:!1.~~~?~g:.,P~~: vi~?' n,e.~:.~e,u_~,,'.6 co,n nguoi
: - ,.'.l · 1~o~o.. t1.~~~:.;~~>~~J{ua.n tf qt~~n:~anfBharti'ien:·· · · ., ...
·l .. .5A~ Xeu J~.,q~an·:h~ cfuf;c:te .
-~ ..;:~~ , ··Mo.I ll'.u:o~~:;~~1Y ~¢~fig.·e;u.a chu. trlril1 chfnh s~ci1 n61

'." . 1!~!t;~;:~~;~;~;~:~~,;;:~~~;;~"~~ ~1:m,~~~

ct~Uhi.::m6i'ttif.Cirig 'tj.Jiqc .fe:J1g~y·c~pg .c6 r::.·ngma: quan ·rt!lrig
0

.ct0f v'6fqo.l c;~lnl; phat iti$o 1qn,h re - xa _ht;ii.d~ qu6c gia.

133
 . . ·;
Trang XU .the tdan 'cdu hoa, cac ·qtiQ'~ gia l~6n-phfil di~U chin.ii .. ~~~: .
cac chin~ .sad~ .,'dai ;nQ.f ·cq 9 ,.ph~r h~;y.oi ::iho~g· )~:. q!iO.c.
Trong-..d.feu ,ki~n ;quoc~e;:. •hoa ..hi~n·..••.nay.~·,.c1i"c:,..quO.~ . ;gia.:
tr. \f
:c.?.:n -l•'!l
• • •• • •. - .
thticrng xuyen .theo doi,. phan Heh d'~rih:::gia,.cac chfah: ~ach 'J
I1i~ncc5_(j'~ l~!p:t!J:C!LPh~t.~i~~IJ;}lMi'ng bll'.t8~#.·.tron$·.ch!rrh,.'iach ij: ·
va 16 ·cl:t.trc th\fc~t hl--Sh·inh·s~qh:ic::i;y~i··y~t.i~e~u-:h:9~nh¥p.d~'d·iau ..;~ ... ·.!.·

c~;inh, b6 su~ng ~ho·phu~h~A:~hi,·~~~~n,h~·ql16cne~.mo-t~pg;.t. ~.1 '.\ .·

tam bao quat trong..phan:r1ch :cQ'mh.'Siich ·c::ang Jon~ Cl1~ng: ta.
phi'ri phan tich ri'r ·van 9e chfrih sa~h. deii -moc tieu, ccr che. ·
b1¢n phap chinh sach v'.v ... ·.. ;(e~ ·ci.5- ma~:g tiiih. ,q.tt6c· te h_ay
khong, co phu .h.qp·vcri xu'ihtth&i:i:f~!_hiy'khoni' trong·dieu
ki~n h¢i :nh~p; ~hUng ta co rthi~li thb-i1.ccr ·gfao hrq: ·trtn :dc. l1nh l
i.
vl!c ho~t d¢ngi trorig_d6 c6:frao.l16i. t1ep.'"thu rihil-ng:th'~nh ti!~ ' ·~
ve khoa h9C chirth sach Va phaf! H~li ·chfnh::s~ch, .Nhung,qu~n
h~ -qu6c -te moi nay.g~up chung:ta c6 lhetn ·i<il).h .. nghi~m· va rilo
r?ng dau ti.I' ttii'ng ·thi~r bi ky thu~t .cho. c6ng tac .phan ~kh
chfnh sach. Qua ·cio. cho· ihiry yeu to :qu:6c ie, co
.inh hticmg ·.
nguy cang s~u r(ing den cue ho~_[ dqng :c~fiih· sic:h .ctia qu6c
gia n6i chung, ph~n tfch 2iiJnn s~ch ~6i ii~ng. ·
i 1.

6. NGUYENTA.C. ~HAM°TfcH··
' ........ .
. .
... ..•. . ·.

Kl) a! ni¢m phifo, tic~.;i;hf~h. ~.ach ,c~~.cJ;t~ t~1ay; oay)~'m¢t

ho~t d¢ng tong hgp
baa g9mca vi~'c nm.
~i~rri, chJ~ t~Ch·, tong
hqp. 15· giai k€t qua va qua tr.t:nh ·fie;*i 9.91i~f ~·u~ cac:.y~u to li<!n \~ :·
quan. den chu. tr:lntr v~n;.;dgng.(fua m¢.i' fo~·i:·;c'9ng.~\(qtffm ly. .. <J:-·'
.. ·.•
. '~··
d~lc b~~t r~ 9htnh:S.ach·nh~m:;<;fc.djnh d.ttQ:c nhfrng . q.ri)'.:Ju~t n9i
tai.
..
va ben
.
ri'.croAi
.t;:
.chi .·phol
.:.· .·
d.c :y·eu i(fao'+·Bnc:r'
: •·· . . " ~
11ua: fr1i1h v.a1i
dgng. Di~u do ch?·thay phan tich.chi:nh,i;.~qh .~6 lien h~ ¢h~1
?'1,' ':. • •••· .
' 'I~.. .
,
;
;.
.,; ~

. I~

\~

i?.4 j~llt
:.;; '
:.. r. ~

.?1 ..
::I
:1~
cne VO'J y c.hi cua ch~ the, lay thai d9 c.hfnh tri lam djnh
hu:6n.g h~~r dt;Jrig~q!io m1nh. D[nh htr6ng. chfnh tr! l;;ii gitn ''oi
.~.Jt m£H tby:c r~f ,to'n J'!i k.hach qu.;i;n tbeo cac quy. lu~t, lien no(;\-t
:t\Jf.d?:ng p~~n .ti:h ·'clifn~ :{ach _phai:~dlf~- vao.: fl'.ii ~:~~hT~~ v~:
~f. bi en, ch i:rn a .cle :ton ta1. Do va:v ,.-neu t1m dtrgc· cac.'ft)o.~. qu.an h~
du:

.f.· ;~;!:tf~~~¥£;tj~~c:~:{~;:~~6~~r;t~tfrt~~~~;
'ft Ph~i ctJ.'iqc tb\rc ~.i~n .J?.;an~. . m~i1.. .h¢· t~o~g "ca~:·?.1~ft§¥..~Pk~P .1.u
'.:; .. 9.~Y. . :V.a .ky,.rhu~[;:'.;knq.a,..(l:qq; :choc-n.~n 'p1ifui "iicllphfnh sue~ con
· ~;· · r)hat.~u'd~~g.·t~9·,.p~jfqpJ~: Rh~,p.-pMn;'.:tf¢h iarrijs~:~ri-~}i i~~r tiep
t· ·c}Jp~;i:rot :wq~~' . P~~-:fl}foh. . }~e. :.n9,1.,:dup.g J?Mr{.tfth.·p~~.~~. .~ach
:; :. " di'~n:. (cl: ttieb' dj:g,f~1ti¢.n·g:.yg!;~d.ay):tu 'tfrih·.lf .'iiil}n.~ ::~hlfc tlen va
~· · ph~C'iri~n: ·cIJ~~g;.·i~:"~~~· :t;u.~ .the~· ·caC;··ngti-y.en t~c ·phan. ifch
".chu' y~u ~~u dfry:' .'

l
~> r • • •

' '

;· 6~1. l':fguy.~~·-~~9:,mi.,t~ . #e.µ ·

'. :. T~B?.tL~~i s9pg :re .,~.~~h ~a, h9l~ m(l~ .rl~Jf;)uon
Ht dfch
.'.[ t~co du;pL,c~~::IJ19_ijp., chiJc, :1;~· van ~d~';:~9,t)9f~na\;_!;.ua ,~9i.tpia .
·1: · :!rlrii1':,:ii9~:~~:~~13~·~. '.Ttr. in1:'.c:.1ie.).l~.: bft:chii _'':t~·t.Ci9~nJ.x. rJfr.r.h?.nt1
·: ·..cl.inn··.· .tnr~?is. «;1w. .v
..i.ss\:µ.:Y-'Y d¢n. g; {.B ·~~~{<.9u~ii-.1.f·~.l'.r . d.yng,~ac
; .ngµ'On life m9,t ·:c4¢h;:p!{4 hQP,~V6fiititfr1g:.~qi.lf .fn:9 v,ft~1rth ·d9
:. kh~t:''Mii~'. Mu~·1ie·~-1:.io rJ·tloirn: 1uc 'i:itd bac'"r6 chuc. tn1n2
f iQ.ot~qu·a ~dn~1. ~~~;d¢:dg N€u··ro4~·~h~~h c~hg. iii~:thi r6c 6¢
..
··... t
... 1 vfin •.. .... citn~
• .. o9hu . . • ..... c:ao'~tic:·11eu''c~~g,re:n
;. .. ,.....,.;
:~ .. .~....... .. . . ·r1iiYl:o:b
. ~ !
th'uc:ctav ·d61vai
~ . . i-·

~ thlfc th~: cap:g m~nh, -.vYmlJ:i:; ;t:i~u'.:m~ ¢~G r\11,l'.C the ph'ai lhtrO'n,g
~t" ,x~y~r.r CtJ:nJf:i.~·an.~.:?.,.~~,:t tr~c~:.1;~~;a.·,:::x:u ·~~i.L~ dua.·~guy~n 1~tc
·~.t. ,. rn1y,;,:h9~tt.dQng:.:ph'-\~l'l1dr
.. ' !: • '..
~hmtJ ;~.a:c;h c.amplm1:
~· . ·' :: .
.

r
t;
r:
l1-.
 ·;; .....
. -- .... ' ... · .. . . ~·. . . . .. • "' . • . ·~i .. ·.,,.: ·,~.,,; . . . ·.;.. ·~~·. .!-·.
6.J .. l.Mrfc tr.eu.:phan:tfoh:c.hfrikS'a~Jz' ph(J.r"X'ii.atphatdrt ~·
11HlC tie~ tjlld#.>fj ··· ;~ · . ' .. .. . . ;j

__ l[£~~~gR:,~?i....t4iJJF:;tietLcn.µ'.ng: cuil!;qi;t~q JY,. f!f!~ ··b:art~. x.iy •'" :

d11.n.g c~c m~c ti~u. ~ha~··ttdt.cb.f11h;·sacfy. Ne\Lmgs.,ti~¥. qu'!'rl.. .:
lyfa cac,nhu diLdn··.d~t dtrQC'!rOiig:t~drig,.Jai tfo.phanJfoh - -.:. _ f;
chfnh sach can r~p t~ung v~tH::ifc 'oi~*::P~~p)~t:d:~.·hoa lgl 'ich . :
theo mvc ti~u chfnb sach";th6ng tjl;l<t'°ho~t dqiig gd~.c::~c'.yetl tO' ' ~· '
thlfC thi chfnh. S~Ch;; Con .mw::. tleu; qu~.n tf It tMc.diy,.!ien~
trlnh phat trMn :rhl'..prfail i'tch ~chinh sa:cb. ph~i t~p rriing v~o co"
C:he thu hut' cac nguon lgc cua chii' rh:~ ho~~h cij.nh ·.chi'.n~. sa:ch,. :
• ' I'

6,1.2. X_r/chftc cont tile phan #c:hphoJ duriillf}!~ iie11. · .f

Thiet kt cong tac phan tf~h ph~Yhuong tcrl.'tn1,1c rieu th€
hi~na vi~c dgli'~u Gac:di~u. ki~n ·v~t;chat~ ky•:t'fm~t~ nhan lt;c
va moi rrrrgn~..ch.o ~o~g :.4\c,:ph~n. .dcq.. chtdh sa'Ch:. .ptiliph.f.i hqp
vai m1}'c t:ie·u .pMri tiCh. ·D6rlg thoi vdi vi~c ;Chttftif :bi de di~u
ki~ri tren la xa.y '<l\r:i;lg. mr;>r i9 tf.1nh:'thfch· hff11i cl~ sli d·tmg. co
hi~u qu·a ca:c yi5u t6 nay chq ffil,;lC~tieu. ph~n tfch. Di~u d6 c.iing
co nghia la tti rtll:f.C tie~;.pHatl tfoh, cl:i,ung ..ta di huy dqng va 16
chtk siI dgng cac ng·i.I6n l'!c huy d¢ng dtrQc m¢f clch · c6 ke
ho~cl~ (ho~c theo mqt ch trang tr.lrih. nhat ~IBh).
• ·,

' . #

.
6.1.3~ Ttr.i #.~it~bh~ri:HC.h ph,5.t~h!::, J::fi; ~;&·_m-;_:c t:Uu
Thu iH~p va xli':l~. ~a;r Ii?ti ..ph:ln ti:~*' phii:giin vcri .mttc
.....
tieu a~ vira dinh hu&ig :rliqrig. fin iheo· yeu ca\1 ~ha~ ·tfc.h, vfra
darn bao hi~u qiI~ caa
hq~t dqng.nay~,M!Jc tieu pha:n tfch khac
.....
!l.h~!J. ~~ ~an. nhfr~g thong tin: &hong :gi'ong· rihau~ bai v~~
_

chung, ta can thu th~p cac dtt n:¢u i;'6'iien ,cpJ.an tr~~ t1€p va
·gian ti(!p. den v?n d~. Bh.~n ti'.ch. Ttr. dc::· ta~. li~u. co lien quan
thu dtrqc ngtreii p1tAn tfoh xem xet, phari lo~ v~ ciMu chhi.h

136
 .....c:h(j~g,
:..· . . r.
chQ ~
. phfl. :'h(fh,,:yQi
, ... . . .... ,.
y.~u.:cait···mJJ.~"de~p
~~ ... .. ... . . . . .
::c6.
..
'£:t~~nft.ai ·1. J. ~·u
"'' ... ·" " ..... , ~·. ···~ "~
P.han .~i-nli ··khiii gua~·we:.muc ·d6'.li"·ph'ah;1 t~~Ji:/n.Hun;g· ·cq:rt~i ·n~u
·.
chi ph£fo'!i:...J;'.;".:.'·;;:";_'
.;.;;.._~, -.-~ 1~
·anh . .c·~··.th~·
f
~trhg.:!~hia
't '/
. .~~nJ:l;,J!:rr;ig.·!f1~~.:Rb.a.:.~.~ic rieu.
~·:·.~::i.:1 ::,~·';:.
,,,.;_1c;,t;•1 :;\...:: 1 h ·t. n• .".."·~~~ ":'''' ''l>' • '.•" • '

'Ho~cJ:c6 'faf· lI~i(phap · foh muc ..cherih i~ch ,,gi~a.<.mtJc: tieu

:mo'ng. muon ·voi. thuC'. te hcian .thanh va c.6 tai..lie·1,1.Jai, cho .biet
.·m"··CTC;..• n.ri mu.· ··.·.bi~d6ir t("'"~ . ·i·~k r%"W€h1iimh1.~1'ifffli1ti~:.,.;-d.cSi mu c
....:?. ,.. ·,;~ . ,. ,t ~-g 1)~1 ·- . . ..., '·\··· •'.;; •. ,.,,,i..,·:-1.·i'·"'";" _.,,!"°
··. w:~~,::rq9..g.g .··~~q1 .,tr¢l.~g· .-oc;. .=~hg';;:;?'?~~~g '~~t~~eJ~i?R(.~~~
···~~·~~~~fPf.S~;~l~P~J~~¢J.liCc9~:$.fi~~~;a~¥h~tj.~j;?ilX,::~JW:x~, fr},~c
ti~u, p,M_n.tl'.~h,-.:b&i:.yaY:,ciin
,,! : . •
. . ': (: . ii ... ~ .. ! : '• •' ' . . . .
c6::rihiing'lioar·.:a-6hg
.:. .....; ' ... . .. , .: .... . ·"
·x.\fly tai 'lieu
~ ~.

· ;~~~ ;~·~n~ rP:~P·~:f;i,..~M·.noi .kh(?µ:g :P~·~l';r~r~B~-.hWt.ra:rn~~_.t_~u

.:;•,',1... • ..... -:-- .. .,., • :·.

v~ :t~ ,.s ~A~q:_g ·:~~9.'c. }.u~_t:. n-gay,. nen .. q.~µ; l<J,+~i'ng:cqi·Jc€:h6'~ch ·.rh.u
·. ·~h~~_/MJ~~~:.~~~.~.~~9.~;'\pgp.,lfs·e ·~~il(den ·~~Jr~9_g':t~~~~.'~u
tr~·~.i§·~.f
:!'~ ~ '"
~~~:-:<:~~*.~'.:i~}f.~t,~~P:)~;;.~ei:~c'thtFqy·~·:~µi~4
~,.1.ti:.::1
,.\., ., \,.' . . . • 1 i.: • .. .,"':
~g'~yiJ~~g-~hf
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., .. , ........ ',•'t'".('...

¥~ _;'¢~:11:at~sli¥t.,> ·~ ·~-Lg~an.t?ra1'nP:ar~> N~€laft( ;pA)fi)tch~"Q.~ 'Ji,ai

'Kd~t :. ·,,~.:ifi'Li'" -;_ ... _...ii,.....~;:.ne11::.c:ilafffi~h· .u&:h~8ittili1"-.s~<ih' '.<le·u
:/;,~~· ~·· ·/::t··:.'~~':~ ::::,::!.. ; i...::.~:?'!.~, ..•. ;•~:--_;.!.-:-:;,:--~~;- r·:---.:: :::1.;;~·:;1\!. i;,·-

·pnal ;g ke1f.t U.ong.Jt uye.mvoi::,muc!. tieu>phanif!di'r:ml:ri· .ma:rrg

....
..,, J~dt~r.g·~·~'fuJlri.~~;g~:· '":"", """ •.. .. ·' ·.. ;. . ~{~\{! ::".' •· 1 r.:,.·:·:
.. "
f~,1.4,. Phu'!1zg.p.hap phdp.. !\s(zg{fff:~,tff~~~'.!Jlf:4f :J!Rl mf:!C
lieu · ·· ., ...... · · · ·
• ' • '··, ' I ' ., '' • .. • ,.::.• • : ' ~ • ,:~.: ~
. . ::iJ.!hum:i_g.
• . •
~phap:•'p~~~·
'... "•h
irtch'p~lli •iph'~"·~qp'.~v6i
... '• ·::.,,. ,,,, ..,.. ·..... ;.•"·'."'':'::! ...
iTl~.c Ji~u m6'J
.... ,........ ': ,!--~. ·.r.:::~:.-.~

.Ja_m :::9~?;::~e.t 'G·u~f:JiM:i{. J.i'.cfi';t>- m~i.:'.g1aj.:;a.a~~'...?.tf9"c. :<:f~gffi; ~ap.•

·chJn4.x~.c·v.a·nh11:-Y,~flaui'":chb·to~i{bil\ili~~ti:ihI1"phiin}!ch c6

:~;\:~1:i~~~~;;~,~~t::;A;K1~!f~~~?~~~g:~
·· tln€dh11c'ha)!\~~6'#.~·;;~~~ff~tRd,f.Jtay'.aµ~. ~A\:~~:¥::ii~~'.'.¥i~ 1.a .:.a~
.. cQi::tt~::;x~..y dung ~±nebJc): irlnh''chfr nii~rrl(hof dung" pban Ji~h
tq~pi}. u11g'. :.6· .m~t°b~6~;·. ci8rtir9f-d.d·n:g'._.:ptiiri"\ri~)·~r ci'5r ·,h,9~
.<ltra,c:.:str)i~n~ ~ac"phtt!Jp.:g: pf\ip.kli~c rthau m6'idap ting ye~

...... :
·~· ..
· 137
 '."·:•'

criu mt,tc tie.u~ Nhu v!J,y n81t ke;·qui ph~q:'ti~h :cac::.m1,1c.fre\.i c.~:f Y.
rht dtrqe t~vc· hi~n .b~:og):;a~ pqtiO'iitJ}h~r,;:khc)a:!Jgic; 9,:gp :Ifs~.·:
.W.m ~cho;.chiiri.g.-tfo5iig_':nh[t:yoii-~tq9c::tie·u.:d}Urtg ..' · · - · · ·" :,_, .· ··~-·
6.I."5.· Ii~e't qud p~d;. ·{t~)z, .:fJliai 4irlfc s,ii:"'if.1J}tr/:'af p/ui.r .·,.:
" . . . . . .
tden m{u::t;e·u>. . . . · . --· ~··- .,.. .......··--·-· -······ .-
.· · · K~i· quii°·phA~ r~ch:_rifufuh~~ichl>~~,g6.rr! k~t:q,u-~;pl}urrtfch.
tlfilg .n¢i d~ng;ket·qu~ sau m6f hir6c,\,it'ker gU:fi ciitl roan bg
. quit trlnh pha1:i- rich. Nbil'ng ke~t qua n.iy ~hon_g hbart:toM d¢c:
l~p voi nM1u, ,churig "la c_d ~a cua riJiau: iien 'ket v6'i nhau n.w
thanh mqt th~ .thei..ng .nhcft ·VI ffi\!C !i°<~U Chung, bbi V~y. ChU the
phan·1fch phai sir d\lng ket qua t6ng hqp d~. danh gia tlnh h'inh .·
fnt!c fif~n .m.~c iieu. ri~ co duqc m1,1c .tieu mong mu6n cac nha
quiln If phai SU d1;tng nhi~u ·cong Ct} .qmfo ly vcrj. nhii'ng each ·
thcrc khac nhau. Trong .qua· tr1nh tiep c~n m!,lc tieti, h<;> phili
lhuang· xuyen hoan thi~n cong c:\1 ca ve Im;tng vt1 chat d~.
~hong·ngung phat huy tac d!Jng. cua c6ng·c~ dot v6ivigc· Lhl[c
bi~n mlJc tieu. ·

~J".2. Nguyen ta.c hqp tf

M\lc rieu phat critn 1~. qu·a:n 'tr9ng hang~. dau aoi voi st! ·
ton t~i va ·,µMt tri~n cua tac· _t.6 .c:~~cL; Qua Ji'lnh tiel'-1 tai m~c
tJet1 Ni het sue., pfiuc:. (~p· !J?1i: ~tlc yiu to ..cau:' thari.h :to, chttc
kh9ng pha;iJtfo iiao cririi ·ho~t p¢.ng .cl8u :nhau, c6 yetf to v~n
d¢ng nha.nh, m~nji rtifong. cqng c6 :yeu t6 ch~m ·:Va-:yet(~C1r.. -.
~;fofti"IICtrtg hd.~t·d~ilg··~µaro ~l)"J[c c6.khi thu~n lgi-; c~ ldc'kho
khan se dtra di!n nh~2.:.Y.t\n. Mi nay. . thtk.h .th~c .voi ,1-6 chuc va i·
c6~ .ph~ l·hu¢~. ·~,~i-id1'"a riang ·,t.hlch .t!ng_ cua t6 chtk voi. moi. 1
'
mrqng. :v~10 rooi quan 11¢..qua I~i .gilca lo ~h1k-nay~vai ·eac·to. · .•

138
. cJ;uc khac v. v..• VUM khi phan tich chfnh sach phii.i ton chi
nguyen t.ac hgp.ly. Nguyen t~c bqp Iy yeu du.:
6. . 2.1. xci.·c·afniz 11qrc tieuplui.n tfch hr;p lj J:Oi die'u~ ki¢r1
qt· tlddien r~ qu.4 tri.i~h .tlz~l'c Jlief ~i clzfn!z. sd.clz ·
. Citp phai':x'~.c ~<l~~fr ·,g.hy.v&,r. vt Ii,}~c_ ~i~«·,<1,~.:·~~en l_hU.tlng
c6 khoani ·cac\{nh.~fdii1·h ·va(hien.. thu'.c:.,:·N.eu ·:xac·.:C.t.inir :muc
rieu ·ptiaf~i~~··~~:~g;:~1iµ:~a:~::~)~~.
. .; ...": .·... "· f ' '.. •.
-~~.'i~;·~~h~;.k~1:.~ua ..p:llan:#~h
;.~ 1., ..... . .;1...r: ..... .. t ......... .. ,•t •• . . . :. . . .. .

;.khong,:_:xai::·tfi\r~;' d_~n-_:i:i€ii, 1~~1!t,n,g· ~.1#.,.J.~~rv_.thieti .tfnh ·thuyet

phQ.¢:, ·Tu:ang :ttt~nhlf<~iY,~~~.I1:~~.gJ~-"~.~~g-;kh(>rig"th~:xiia dj11h
m1,u:;nie:~·'.:pnan·'t'fcffc~&h~~:·l~~;}/,;~~P.'.l'q·!,lq!.!~.sQ.~rp-i d!f-kien:
. . . • ... ~';. ". .:-::~·· ~~1 ~ -~· ., ... .: -: ""···~· ;>.. . -

·:15::2;:z. L~t.c(c#9~ pfi~Jf:~:iigj!.h.fl.p.J')han lith '!icjp if

. .I I . . •. . • I . •f• • • f. ~... • , • • .

· >th.ea. nguye_h ly; giu·a m~ii:: ·tie~: "Va ':phtr!'.1~~g phap phan
tfch. c6 -r110~ quan -~~ ~111:;1'),_qua. J}en.~.c.hUng?;kh~ong th~ qch ~:9:i
nhau'.':Miion: &r'~!!t-'qi,;a ··p1{a.n t!~h 'i!gp.1y.;,~a~)in.~i ·~6~~·phdCing
p~ltp phan itch ·.hgpl9. v~·~ISP:o/:S.)~1~,J~.QP:Rn.~t~PhUp.'p.hari. tich
o~n ,d ugc 'iifa ·~h9i{~nc?p[f tiJ1~gj(y6l.:'.Y~H-.•6.~4~!=µa. .~n.~1 Jlihphan
t fi::.h<v.;a.·~~l~u k~eti~·&u:;iile '~ctieri''r:i "d~2 .:ri~a1.·<lo~·cr :do~: trorig ·:oo
· ."~; •· .· ~ . •~·~·.· •
:~ ;,.~-.·~-~·. ~.:·: ._..·.;·..-.;.:··:.·.'~;:
.. -t.\;l~1·:·!~~-~··P ·.·· · ·
... :1 •·, · .. ··

qy;R.n t~-ri:i a~n frltifr:o.~;:~·h'a·:a:~n-~5g{3-)~,4.8-~:9.~P,q.~11; tkh. . " 1 ·\•·

,."1 ~··'=:'" iY:.·~:i ;.:~..:.. ~,~·.,.;;.-;
1
'_; .•;•. <·.::•· :·j, ·· "' . • '

.• =· ·- · ~~~:;J:"C,rtp:f~q.,:ljgu,:,4 {1. lit.<;, ;phAn tf.chili9Jl-Zf ·

~·~~~i ~¢,~~:'.Pi~~~fif~h·:.~i~n'ia
· .·.............. ·.:.. ..... ... .. ,
~Jiira.~g_
··~·/··
·.
;ily~rt~ol ,chµ·.'!r1~&
.· ·....~ ·~.·~: . •.....· ...·.'·:·. !_'1.:,·.~r·•·,·••·'..:·~•··"'
ch~~h ·.s,~tih, :tl~H.·.~~n.,s8.)~lifrr.t.g ,nguotj. i~d'.~hci"ho~t d9rig n~)'.
Ngµ:on'' Jlf.s· ~hsi: ~-P.1ian 1:f~h ..~h-fi1J~, ·s<l.o;;h·;bac)'·g9'In: · n:giio11.·'ntj~.n
1~rt, '"~~"'}.~&. vrH:i€. I~d: ~a._c . riz~6n·,: ti.tc' -ct\!c;r~· s!:t ci\1tii"cii9 q\1a
·ti:lrth ·pl-i~~: t_fr:h .chf~h .s:ich dfng . kl:J.o.ng, giQ.ng nha~ v~ so
1ttc;rng•. c::i,,§fJu·cyn'.g·:v~· .cp :~t{t). i~~ theo.:dicu: :ki~n~tfitjc te: Scidg
.¢a tren 1ft~uy·~C:vaJhlJ'f:' .te c;!)o tb.~y, se::hlrih tl,1unh ·in9t xi.I zh~
.ta yeu ·c~u·curi~ ·dfp·nguof1. l~~ ~ho pllan tfch 9J:ifnh sach ngay·
 ~- .... .:. ··-· -~· .:· -~ ...... . ..
· c.ang dttqc tang cubng~~.it ~~. q\iy .m6 vi; tri;nJ;!' dq; ·vi:dJJ· nhtr
. Jrp.: ltl'qtig thatµ._ ·g'.i-a .ph~ri ·tfoh ~:h.ril'p :sach ::c~~:g~ se. ng·~Y: cang
·- m~nJt.m~.....!?~Q_g·cim~eA ~a~:.£g'.tj~~JJ,·,_~~a:.:WJ~e~Y~~J.Y:.:!i~~._.s.;~
trong va ngoA1 nrrae. Kttl"difya'n .d<Fdif:nh-sifoh :da· mang :tinb
·~Oan du·. V.i~C doi·hoi C~llc'~"riq~ t~ng'•~trbng V.e V~t }ljC V~ th€
hp; cung Ia m~t t~t y€u· k.li:ach q~an; ~b).rqg ·,phru hqp lf v'6i
ntiu cau plian tich. Cac·:rigubti ·l~c dut;te ¢ung ca'.p hq.p Iy yua
cho ph~p dam.ha~ yeu:cAu',ho~t d<Yng phan tkh, vtta tietki¢m
chi phi eho gua.trlnhnay. · · ·· ... ·· · .......
6.2.4. Tifn hiznh phdn tich ml}t c4ch hlfp ly ld.yeu diu.
t6ng hrfp,cua cac yeti. c'&utren.
!:Io~t deyng. phfui 'tfoh, mQi. thi;rc. chah:h.ra: ae'n ket qua ·pha:n ..
tfch. baO' go~ qua; trfoh 'si.f '<l~~g :cac .plurcrng. phap .va. ngu6n ·
lJlc·bgp ly Ct~ c6d1t<;tc'in\lc ti'eu pha.n tfCb .h~clJ. .. D~ tfofc·'.hi~n
tot :yeu cau nay. cic tih~ ph~n· trdi cb(nh . .s~ch ci!iµ xJi.y ·d(.rng
ke hO:}Ch:; chu~ng.__trlnh che .titri. trli:ih ...phAn Heh: .chi~ ,sach .
mQt each kh0a hQ.c,,h<;tp iy>Ngohl 'ta khl-::tri~nikhai phfin·tfch
c~n di.ta vao ca ki:hoacih 'va. tl~h;h!rlh thttc":t!.d'~ dam bao tinh
hqp i9.
vr d1;1. khi.tie~:Mnh pn;{!.n tfoh ly..cid: ho.;;i.ch ~ihh ehirih
sach, ngttoi phii~ tfoh phai xem:,xef dliy du . cac. lj do·thu¢c ve
v~n d~ ~hfnh sa.ch, :ly do ttr"phfa .Nh'a mrac, t~ yeu ciiy doi
tuQ'ng th1,t h~C:tng chtrih, doi -cuqng r·ham gJa ·vi ·c~c ~oi ruqng
d6i trc;mg (cac h;tc 1'1'Qng: quar.i ·sar, cac il:i-·ch~c qi.i6c te.... ).
Nhun~: van,d~ dhinh sach l~i]i·-Sahg "kfin cf.ta "c.cfo'"rlha phan
va
.tl.ch c6 tinh chat cap'bach cae thl kh¢ng tli~.tien."hanh ph~n :;. '
. ffch theo quy trlr(h m~t dd1 mliy m6c, mis& d~ng hqp 1§ tac -"
plurcrng pQa:p df di d!n 'ket lu~n h~ Iy. Trang thgc· te cac ·i
chfoh sach qurin s\f, ngotJ;l giao, ngo11-~ thuong.thll'ang phai~d6i ·:1.
J.
'l
140
l
 m~tvd:l ni~a-ni tlnh huopg b~t chu9n$,·1'.~n tien trlnh phan tf~h
c~n pl;i.ai
•
. ng~(~p.
• "
:!?(t~
•
,fV.,t,r.<;{l1~~.lf)11:9i.£.~Cp
,. • t' ... . - .·
~9P
•'
,!f .. ~

• : • ' ';,j':·.... ;~::.:~·.1!·. ,•; ··,

6.3., Nguyen t~c thfch ling· ·
. ..... .
Ket: qua. v~n dQ.n,g cua. ca.c·..~ch;hµ-c·J~l,ipnz·: ~i9ng nhau
~?N~;:faf;gr~~.~~1~%~~}~~f::~~~~;.1 .FR~:,.ck.t:WM~,fjf:~,.11°?: d¢ng
con• t:l.i .ngtJQ'.c J1ii mOtig'.muO:n ..cit.<\.:i::M,~h.l.;co\nhiiµg, .to :chuc

.. ~~!~:f~il~~~~:,ef~~~~~~~~i~;~P.c:
·r%·
· t~~,~~~:~: ~,If °tb!~~:~~ri~rti
f i llq~(,.~?,n~. ,~.4~ ~:, ~~ ~H .¥o~;:r~.9 .ri;ub.\1.g.
T~Y: ~-~j~P:. :t,!!)6~ f.j;i,~,g :f>.:_Mlng,:9~~, t.~o . r?:::~V .:J:>i~I} .:c\9.J, ~h.o. minn
~:~ ,P.~A~ -:~9,:,~k~ ffu~,::~·9.~-~· :.~~~:p~c·,s·R~g:H~,, 9.~~~- };>.\ )f.<?~.g ·oo :<?9
c~!P.:~. ~~;~;hA~,f:i~H~·m?{~~~;q. k~M~ !~.~~. ·rt~~~;u .:X~:·.!cMA1s.:~~an ·"'.a

:i~~:¥~i~~~1X.~i~:~~!~1:r1.~ti~~:.~~iiit~~~R~~.~~~..1~;
cllo.tiJUUC tjiii':·ofen/phap~::cua·:c.hfnfr;sac;h:·~de:iJ:no".efio .dtrCJC.
Nqi .

.:~iif~~I:~:·~Wlil~i~iti~~~:~~.·.··
4,?.Ijh)giii\chfrih·i.s:<ich.,d1ng]:1~1i .. 1;i11i1 .id.ira&.tieif.':haiib::.sao . cho
··r~µ::~qG2~;~fJ~~~~:~:~~~. '.'l~'1~;:.:..~~; .~t:'i,~~;:~~r~~f:iJ·i/;c·~~~t· ·q~a
1

'c!un.g: ~~n~ Nn.a··v~Y.!l.guyen.·Nk thich. i;rn.g')(0;tig .. phan :~rch

.··~hfo1r:sac4.1~ ·cup. .:fl1.t~t 'kha,cli,.gµan.-~a ·:4;u9.'.~ ·t.hi·~1~n .tr~n cac
. mai:':s~~t.i~ · ·' . . . :·:·. .'' /: ·· '. . " ···.. · ·"· · · ·
•:· .· ~. "f,)$~i..6.i.1~i•.!nw~ _[:t~L1 . ,pf~~n·,,1{91i. n:M} :ff~iet:·~1b4.i :rhe,o ·Y~n
e!tu-'cptfm:..ff/ . ~·· .. ·;. ·, ... -
·.··
:, . .·:;<a.~ ·4{11J.i:,;r9{d~.T.1& j}hqii· ifr:ifphdi rMtlI rr;ig viJ·i m~1c
i'ieirc~t:fl1ifroi~g t~h~_g· ~ib.ii:do'qr1 ..

' ..
~-:---
 ;· .
.t . ~~
- Thi'ti di<f/;1 plriin ticli lf~i1'.f.l·l1;1r t"'ht111i· .-..,;ck.plu.ii 't1;ich . · 1,
1n1.r.~ 1·iii ti'm,q lo{ti chfi1k.sck11:. <
.... ,
~. ...
.1'
- Kc7t qud pltci11 ·ifch .d1ii.zh ~·irl'11.]Jlfrf.( dii'<jc i(f-'d(m.~..r11kh
h{J7' 1hei1 yr!u cili1 r.J1uii1 If c/1f11lr ~ach.

6A. Ngllyeii f~c phuE!jqp ...

Ker qua phan tfch :chJp~; s~ch:.-;d:trQ'd x~tdifng :fr¢1f ,~Cf .ca
ke'.1 quii' phrln trc.h c.ua nhieU:JJ;c)'ph~ii~· rih1~t(~~ot;hQp; thaph;
nen khi' Hen J:ianh. pha;n t~cli. phttf'b(~t'ket .hqp: .cac·.Jt~}qua-:phun ·.
tfch bo ohfi.n dt'.LcO: dtrac nhun~ thott!l tfo ::i~ne: :hc;rp'-- ·chfrq·t1a
• " .. .. ,.... . w. - ...

trlnh phan tich L}e'p· theo~ Nel1 khong"pnoi hc;tp ch~t che.cik
qua tr1nh-phan· tfCh se gay ra·nhung.mii~:thlian ngay. ·gma Cifo
qua tr1nh-. dan den ketqua phan tich·chung khong dam-b~o d~1
tin c~y. Dong th:cri lam· lahg phf n~ung .ngu:6n .lt,rc ·c\ia 'Nha
ntroi:: va nhan-dan danh cha qua. trinh ph!n·:tich chin~ s~kh. VI
dl,I khi ·ph:in ti¢h v~"tri~n,kha:i' tht;rc·hi~n Clntcing ir.lrt{1 x·oa d6i.
nhit~u th6ng tin cho .thay xfic dlnh di~ ban>thgc: hi~n ~hirong
.tr1nh phai b cac vung sau vung. xu: kM khiin khori.g .sii.n· xu:.rr
du ltttrng lhlfC ti~u dhng. Nhung c:iing cd 'thong tirr rtfi thuye't
ph~IC V~ doi t i.rqng tiia ·Cbtnmg tr.tnh 0 ngay ngo~i 6. C~a lhanh .
pho, ho~c .o".chfnh dta !:Ian sin XU at Va ;(Uff:t -kfi.iu ltrdng thl/C:
16n nhat ciia m(ltqu.6t ·gla.·
Ngoai nhfrng ~hoi h~ ~~ ky .thil_~t ·ph~n t_fch fr~n .day..
. •
ag·u:ye·n : 1.-"· 'h. , .. - . . .:-· • . ·- t'
tiit; p ... sI: .·,-o/P sen··Jl~.u·~c.uu .p . ~. o! .... qp :e~ . ~ro~g .c.on·g__:J,_c
lr"'"'J;'
·-
chi dQ.o; di~u hanh ho~t di?nR philri .Uch 'giili.t ccr qll'un' NI'} a
mr&c'cac cap. de nganh. en.ft qi.ch1h: niing rihi¢fn"V1;1 Nha
nll'OC giilO elm. CtlC quan thlfC .h.i¢n nhiI)lg_ n¢fd.ung pnan
CG·
ifi::li nh&Lciio.b_ theo ngi!_nh.j~_nh tj]O viLci_i~_pp~~f!'l~· Tr.en :c'1.sa ·

l42 ,,I;
t
,_I,
 k{i qua phiin tfch t~e.o cac· riqi ~un~ duqc gi.ao, co quan nh~
ntrcrc ·to tMm ql!)ien a d!a phLrong phoi hqp rhanh kct qua
pMn tfch c~1fnh ·sach o 'dia phue1~g mlnh. ·f)6ng thoi cac ~a
quan .:quan I§ nganh ding 'kct h9'p v¢J'i ket .qua. pli~·n tf ch !1ganh
cr'dli"p·n'udil~ J~~p··han 'i'fC!i:. t66.rr:iidP.iihiulH Qg{~4LfY~rlilitHch
·· '. . ' ' '"'· ' ' ' .. .~ . ·:·: ~.; ,:::!; : "': •:i. ,.~~ ' ..·~ ....... t: :4. :·~'
,1 \ ': 1 '''.{';,;;-

:ch.utjg'.i·;cu~·.~\giitih~"1'.fit~c'·h~~~"'··1KM:Y:~11~t,~c·~p.~0L.fl!i ·:.'.frQ.Jjg :,~hi

~,::~~~~;~~~!:~~~~!;~it~~:;iJ;~;,
c;,9 nti.\fng·ytfo t6.ioil:u~·~va9";iiffir:;rfq.~{ thl~t:':,l-1i
. ~ . •
}'j.}~114~~-~ 9~·~P
·"!·· ' .......... ,... .. ..., ,,..... .... t .. .
.~ ..,\... ' • :· ..•. "" ! .

n;g1l~1 :mJ~ i,.;tti.rRn gi:1.ng uyeij',\· nlJl~n ·y~(t· n ~iitI:~9·:d9'hg· ~ v~'l:.. :q~c
.;
.~.h:i .P!)l:;ri~x du.i¢,~4 frhJ1eo :rn'¢t c& tfilr;A!la'f :<ir~fh;~'·~~f.i.~{'.~;an
." .
.
~ ·. 40J.:v§Yrµ;1;1.~Jie11·ho*t d9~g:-i:::U:~11:nffii':qua·;.iffofr~:o.'"'i~€r'.tJ'il~:.~o
~

.s.4ih. g!~,~ 'm,1,19 Jh~µ ·~~H·;d:aqq <voi-'.nn~h~~chi ·ph(d~~' ·V~~.~~.4¥.9~­

d·~~g 1atn Lhuoc . .do {theo nhu·ng chuQn, WJ!C .. dtfri(.'.d{nh:) ":a~
dunh. gici :IJloi btiqc:.: ~ay tban· b¢ ~quiJrinh h~'!-l:.:·,fl.9.r,ig:rS-~!i cl:iU
11~e. ~rr!\g rini(.¢.,;t9)rn.1:r:.y~c:'Jih:k6;' ·#ilatii~[iih(~fft~n :~ath. phai
lay.hi¢!±. ,qui}J~ro.;I:tgu:~4n r.:i.c ho~J-Uq~gJO:i ·,i;:\to-.~µtHnlnh .
·'·:. ..~.:; :;'.· ·1i~;~:c;,;;~,,~~~ ~;~·:·jn~:·yi!rl:;,.;~;:n:~Y.~r.it~~ft.l,~~~:~;;rfi~~. trsli
· ~h'irlh :}aPh. :C:iin -ph~i .d~:,,cho;\i:i,ec auj;:fd'emYc~'2~~i:H=i:liari:;r::;~li~p

~~W~f~~k~~~~;~~;a,;,?;t~~:~~~;;~~~iff k~
4,~.~-!:1.'~X!?;L~s~.H:i.t:~.:PM!1.Jf~!1~;1ro.ng:w9t
. .ccrca-u.:pht{hgp"1i&r:t1ieu
kl't!n.
..:~ ...
c(1''ifi~
';... . . .cu~>l:iat
. . '
ntr6-~.
::;, ....
. ' ' .... ~·. '

6;6~ Nguy~n ta.~. chl~h

.. , '
fr:i tr.o.ngp}u'tn
. . ·' .... ·.
,tfdi
.
i:hfoh
..
Naf:h
N;)rn: da ttl11;h b~y vc., S.lf nnh farong ci'.1µ _ye'i1 .i6 chfnh tri
vai :P.han t!.ch chfph silth c.ho~cnun'g~fit·c6 nhliAg cfym· ~Mn ve

!.43
ng.uyen tac ohl~h tr!:tr¢ng;phan~r~h;d•hf@,~a.~~-·~G§.J4~:~4"~ng
.1·\
<l~nh r~ng ~tJc·H~u·;q~t~hHi.bao:.rrci~ . ~£rrt~c::tieu qhin·~. s·a~b. ·:f: ·
to chlfo thJtC i:!ti:·~tttnli:s~ch\i.a pfit!in {ri~::~~r!>J~ §~cb_._Tg~.i~i~n
nguy~n· t~c··rra.y.trong..f.:fit;i~ ?l:I~ c-~c-iifi..cti1fo ea n:han :t:ha:m.;g·i a l·
.J .
··
~am phan Heh. chirth sich,phai-ton chi in~~ tieti d\nh· h.uang ~
~

cua Nha ntroc trong Vf~c;.x!y ~gn:g ke'.:l1q~cn,·to;;chltC·thf!C .ttii } ·; ~

va danh gia str .dlfng ket qua. ph~n tfoh.. K.~t quA. _.phiin tkh, ·~
danh gia chinh sacli. cung phai nhan:i vao vi~c hoan thi~n J -11

chfnh sac~, tang c_uong Iµ~u qua cang rac pM.n t!ch, dtng c6···'·. ·~:· .!':.
19ng tin.;:ita d.~n chUng.vaoNha.nud¢; .lam ·dhG1 quan 'M giti'a
NM nttoc voi d.c tong dart va t6 chuc trong xa hgi n·gay cang
dixcyc .cai tlii~n. · ...

7. QUY TRINH.PHA:Ji T:fcH CHiNB: . sAcH,-

Qua trlnh ·chirih -safih g6m·:cac bu6c tJr kti.ai·'tl~u-.chinh ·~
sach den ket. .thuc ,thgc thi chfnh siicti: ·Trong. s_uelt th&i gian . ~.
ton t~, pfo ,bi;r¢c trong qua trlrih dfrdfa1· dir(}c fheo:doi .pMn
:1
tfoh rnqt cacn day·du, ·nghi&m; i.uc .. o. :mlii bucrc.kpac. nhau co
nhfrng ·y.eu ci\:u v~ nc}i dung pha..ti tich' !dla~ nhau. tihlfl1g 1~i
thong nhat voi nh:au Ve quy trlnh phan' tich. C6 ~trthong nhat
nay la ~uat phat tu yeu cau chung cua ke't qi.ia phaii tfCh. fj~
0

co OU'Q'C ket qua thet:i yeu eilu, phan tkh. chfoh s·ach :phai·thvc
l.
·:j. -
hi~n theo quy tr~nlJ tbong.nliat ~:in C!ay:
l"
7) .. X·~~ giJJ.bJnt,tc4fch, jeu :du. .phan·~ttch· dtf~h 0 sach
Bat k~ ·boat dqng
.I ,•· •
phart tJch nao cling. ph"B.i co m~c· dt¢h, .~~~
. ·:.-· •. • .
i·
}~

~e'.u khong. cac ho~t 0¢0$2 d<J:klign~ t6n tq.L M·i;ic xHch phan
ff~n chfo'ft s1foh gii_n v&i rtQi dung. ·V.a ye.U. cft.U C\I tJi~ drn ;nha
quan ly. Ti! ·yiu cau khach. quan cua. ·nqi: dung. phari tfch va
144
 . ·: ·.;
. ·~

14s)i
.· .. ·... . ..- ~· ..,. . ·•··
 - -...... ,. ~ .;, ...:,}'"
. . . ...f
~ ~ 6 Ke ho~ch c~U'ong ·t:rlrih cung ·ii'11g y~t. trr ky .ihu4.t ·Cho· J~ ~
~m~~ ~ 1
- -Ke Ifo~ch ch~~ng··:frlnh'.J(i~n(tnr'·'.g1ani s:at·~olt µ9ng. _.t ..
pha~_ tfch. · ·· ·· ·· ·

. ~--·--~- -~~K.hi~£b: . ~:9~&~~~ ·n§~···¥·it~~Ji!2:a~ . &~~~ :~~_,~!!J~:hJr.;_µ ....

day drrqc xay dgng.tren ii'guyetrta<: ca.fl 601, ht~u· qu·a;y~·quan

MC19ng.
i.2.2. Thu ~hrJ.p t&i l[4:t thec.Y?F:! ca~·n.ij(dil:ng plian
.' ·;

:. Thl li~u can CQO"phan t;fch: chfnh s~9hr~t da d~g,,p:hong. '

phU ·g6m nhi~u :cfrung,·Jo~Fva.cajrd~rR'h'a~'·nnail. ~1o(fi¢~;ctung
phan tfo;~ i;aµ. nJtttng· tai u~u; kh~tc. rihau. Cung ~Q,f·n~i dung
phan tfch l:1 cac ca':p ·dg J~hac; phau ~ii~g: ~i!n-':nfyilng t~i li¢u
k~ong giong nhua. Ttiy nhiiri, cac.tai .ff~t1 c&n .d'i.o ph&n tfch.
ciing ·cr~t ra nh~g .Yen clu .chung d~ :~a.c nha phln ti'ch c6
phuong an thu tMp tai fr~u. rhfch h.qp~ Nli.ung ye:u: c~u do l~:
- Tai·li~uthU··tb~p phai duhg ·vai n¢i 9ung_phin tit'h.
- Tai li~u thu th~p:pnaia~'th~o yeu pi.tu phan ·tfcfo
- Tai n~~ thu th~p .
p.hai:.dim
.. ..
bio ~hinh-X;ic:·
.
Khac vdi tai li~u:v~. hoii .x;a. h<;ii th0n.g·d:1trang :C6 tha rhu
d trqc trein. nhi~µ .ph~C!tig" ti~n tho11g tin ;d¥ ~hfing :hay· trong
do'i s6ng X:~ 119.i: :tnttcrng . IJJi~:.t. Th6n·g ti~· ~~ .:chl~h ~.:fob. va- t6
ch UC thlJ'C thi chin~ Sacb Ge_ng. lien qu~; ci~n ·qi.fan dit{m d~nh
htr6'ng phat tri~n da'.t nuoc, den Jr~ch. nhi~m qujen h~n c.ua CCI
quan nh~ nucrc ~cac cap 'ii:U6c. quyen fg(khong_ ·giot h~n cua
cac d(fi .ri.rc,mg chip,h sach. T~11i'~u·H~!\Jl~.an. .d€E.£~~"Jh_2n~ !th ·
!1~:1.r v~y t}ttrong nam ~trcniklrtt.Vgt-qUirt~l9-cua cac Cd quan
 nha ntrO-c va duqc Cl,lil,i cap q:Ua. kenh chinb tbik Tu}· rbeo
yeµ f=aU phan tfch di lt:ra ch9n_phu:C1ng phap thu th~p dtr U¢u ..
1Hi~.n·¢9 nhi'~ti phtrcrng PMP tl,rui th~p dil li~u d1.rgc s& d\rng
pho l~ien nhtr: ·phttang phap t9ng hqp,. phu:~ng phap clieu tra,
pn.!;l'.9.:t~gJJh~11 pn0ng:ivan 1. p.Q11~~i'pha p; n1~ . .P.~~~~ :v.. v... ~-h rrng .
(b~ri'k:;:tf~)hµ":~r,~~;;~~s;:,~~nk1~l1ci.~g~ch1Uitth~c'd:rr~pn~'xem
•'•I' '.•._, ••:••' .. ~ • ' • • .., '.;".'." ' ·;

O
xeJ, :;drJ.fcan
l,• : ...' ~.!!·-;:01>,
O ...
tronao hon~ . . :: .
o .: ••
:· .. 0 ' .
0
M. ·, • • '
. : .:•. • ' "'"';,:.:· O

· · l ...:~::;://.,23 ... 1~u:· ;lj.·:iid+lieii.. ch'd'fjili'l£ ·hiJi:'>vO-r''Pitridii'g. ph6.p

;:R~4t:.i~qh . , .. . __.. . ·::::;~... ·;.: ·;::- . i,.,:.:: ,·!:::.•:;: ;.,;;,· .

Th6ng ·i~n ph\IC Vl;l cho pi1an· tfch'' ditnli sich\nuong la

nhi;rng· thon.g tin m?:f.1$ ..t1£:14 :~~'51J:!r,<;:M:~g p~et,.~bCii y~y t~i li~u
· 't}lu duqc b,u¢c'~~4(fiii.\{~a'.4ii'i'.~~l~'h'i~ P9.tinh phfrc t<;lp :t.f
.i;U..~ ~fi9~J~~i:fai lieu, x'ti;ly c'~i lieil::dfrd~-chia''th'adt{°r;;ac bu;crc

*~·~: ;:~~"~~~~(1;4,co '~~ ,;~; ~4~.~.~~ ·~i HM'.:uycdo

phan ia~.f ·theo c~c' tieu chf l\ra :ci19~':hay x~c'.',iJinhdon vi
.~.tran~':Y~Y~•.:.: .
' .:.·,.;:..... ·"-• c· ...... ' ,,,:.;._; ·,;., .... .:;_ ·~::· .. , /.:,~·...,: ·:' . . .,_..

.... . .:~·x;.t.l~.tfnl;·,.tdf.l.i?1{:.Sau'khi .~tr~.ly tho•.~gi·11~µ::a~q~.~em

., :·>•~t:•¥.~: ·~~-~:59:.:.a;y:~~mgi.;y~.:P~~P.l.~sfng_. ·rf~qc~1rJnH':.t,B¥~\Wt; 1;4[~u
., ~.chlg.l:t. J:>~t~J.grgrnhQ:rig'lbieil'.":s6ftroqg ·t~1 ·ii~u·~£11ir··~·b'.~r'.de ~am
'P#~:..rr11ii;fhei~g.'.nlfa(~,?~~~~;;6.~a'iai'.V~u;<' ·::: .... .-: :._: :.,,....... · ·
· ·· . _:·ra1ig:hqp-:rar' ii~~;·tliii'nl~ nhLing t}19:u&J~n cJ·~z' rhiet 1J1co
.Y~u . cau pl1i1rr:rtdi~ 'Day ra t4~~:_qiia:µ ff9.ng;.~~€~~:·Ah\1µ.g .4~ 1.i~ u
.rhti"ctuqc' tu· ~~c ngiion'.kh~P-·.tihati:t~~rib: rh6'n,g .l:ix:i.r;;h?. 4~-~ :vao
,t;~a qtra>tfl!fOr p1i~1r{ft¢11!·· K¥f.4ua: tl5ps· liq.P :l~ari:g .Jin...,:9? ." v"i .tro
quyet. :aJ ~Ii d-iR, tEiJ:a'.fi#if~g."§~~~:P:4.~ih .p4·~ ~iµK rf1ilh .P}J~~ :.trc 11
1

··tJdt ·~it'.i'a'."phan')i<Z.ht' Tb9.~g;;i~'n':i¢0:g. h.gp, ~:ugc pMn· ~9h .. qua

 ...
·

-. .; ' . . . .
c.ac chi t-ieu phan ticlr'p1likh<;1p v6i tlm:,g.'..n~J, ·dµrrg ·J>h'a.h ti'.a·h .
.Phuang phap tO-ng h.i;tR:~~~.Ji~tJ !lti1f:t{}g_ 4t;q_q'1tlr.atjng ·1~ nhii'ng
.P.b_~@i-ii~~P- :ti:.~y~ij ·thong nhu thay u16 lien .lioan, ·so· h1nll
quan, so ttrctng aei, :so sa~h:~.~ T~i .Ii~u .qy.a.~~· ly. pha.i clap ung
yeu ciu pnan .tfl:h. vt so' Iirgng, chat hrqng~ v~ sfiung lq~), thO'i
gian ,~a. d¢ chfnh xac.

7.3~ Tien hanh pha.n #ch .d1hih sach

Sau ~hi. c9 4h·:c~c y€u: ~6· da~ v_~~•. nhi·.·phan tiCh··~tl"i~· ·
.hanh thlfc.hi~ri tifug nQ.i' dung ·pnan. t'rc:h.:iheo rien. ir16h chfnh ·
sach. Tien .tt'inh phan.tfch cac n9i dung chfnh sach Cltrqc thl!C
hi~n theo cac btroc Sail d!y:

7~3~1. Ban.ii gia .khai.qzui.t_Ye niJi dung phan. tlch ·.

Theo yeu ·cfiu ·ph~· .tich, in6i ·n9LBting .P.tian tfch deu
huong .dtn ·nhifi;tg ~1,1c .fieu..c.i;t rhf. Nh~r pil~n. tic:h, can phai
. nfu-n. ch.Ac 4inh hi:rmig n~y tr~:mg.: su:qtqi+a trlnh pM,n /~foh. De
CO OU'.yC Cam nh~n pa,n ·d-au v~· dinh. htr!Jng nll;IC tie fr ci.l'.n phai
rien hanh danh gia .. kllai quat n¢i :?urig.. phan .rrch.. Bing
phuang phap phari' tfch de ch1 1'ieu t~itg b<;tP- se· cho biet mile
d¢ ho~ thi~-q :hay'thljc. hi~n cua nqi dung phiin tfch thee yeu
du quan ly. Neu ~¢i dung pljin. rfch co k~t qufo. tl!l!c h-i~n· tor .. "

~
;..
hon yeu du ·s~ mm cha nh~ phan Heh d:6ng rhu.~n y6i qua ...
trlnh· clien hie'n. c:Ua m~i duAg d:e ti!'. do ·ui pMn tfch t1m kiem ..
..
· n.hti:ng yeu t6 t!cff C'f!C co:tu thani-. ·ket qu¥
thyt: hi~n .n¢i dung ....
phan tfoh. · . £.
·,
·;.· ~

7.3.2. Ph<lii ffcli cac ylu t! c°£u ihdnh n9i dung piuin.
tit:h
' . ? .
Nf,li dung pha:n tfth chfnh sach la rihlfog 'ho~t dgng' trong
·1#..rii'.
. '
:.
. it·
.
l

•· ·:;.;;.
 . . .... t~~tit~ ~ .
7._3.4. Ktf lu¥n v.lc .Jiii~~:iJ'.~>agq.da··"-p.ha#.·.:t(ch
.S1;don- t~i 'v.i:?fia.t tri~n i:·~·a·~~g: t~~.~h4n :.tich'.t~§. iht19c
-vao quy m~, tniih d~: hi~~- ~6. :c4~·h9i.:fi~n!f,j_a, s~.::a#h . foi~i
cua "cac nhan· t6 'ct tr.orig va n'gohl-.q~i .trlhh P.han' Hch•.t9n~ .·
~qp ket q1:1a phAn tlch dao bttoC..tfoniCiti~.t!fiin·cnq pH~p· i€t
·---lu?n·--v~-ho~t··d:gng--cua-co~-g :t~c·plifili- trb1i·~ Kel 1u4n pffii_ th~
~i~n dt,rqc thitc tt:~ng. fbn t~i d1a n¢i.du~g .phari tfoh; .th~: h:i~n .....
XU the va.;n.ci¢ng CU,3,.n~f durtg:ct~ trong trrcmg Jai;.thf! hl~n khi
nang dap U'!lg ye':! ci1u cua n¢'i-d~ng. ph~ t1ch. Nhfrng ketlu~n
nay la CCf Sa:de ch.ii th~ r.a qt,tyltt djnh dit.U .chinh, bO 1fo'ng n¢i
dung phan t!ch va ca~ ~i¢n phap d~-tang'cu?;mg,:ho:µ d9ng.cua
cong tac ph!n ,tfc1ttrong·.tm:rng Ja!.
7.3.5. fU.xud"t:. nhung biefn p.hlip iiing·cuung hay:.hoan
thifnnq.i dung·phdn.tleh
...
Nhifog bi~n phap:d~ xµat -r~p ~tn'!g. .v~o .htrcrng b6: surtg,
hoan thi~n cac---y~u tci de tfuig ~U'.qrig kba niin$'-.t6'n..(~L c,ua ri(li
dung phan tich; thuc: qAy c~c-·nhaii 16: (fcJI i::gc, ngan I_igua, h~n
(!he cac nhan ~o· tac dghg.:tieu ·ci;rc d:e'n.n¢1,dtirtg phftn·t.fch, D~
phat huy tac; d~ng: ciia :cac bi~n pbap ·'a~.·~utt~ ·?):ha 'phAn tfch
dn chU y deri sit thfoh U'ng·:Ctta -cac bi~.ri- ~h~p:vcri :nhfrn~g ~Cf
che quan 19 hl~rt hai;t:h cua· Nha nttC:rt. · .
7.3.6. K.iinuil.nh.
"·
va die~,•· chlnh.'k~'t qud.,phan..tfch
.. : .'

Ket qu·a ph~n ti:cn c;ic·:,n¢i' dung tten.dily cltrqc-dtmgitt:ra

nhung. quyet dfnh :c6 n~n:quM d€n cm~h ~~ch, aen cong tac
16 .chll't - dUu h~n1{ 'tht,i'c thi t;hflili'. sach.·ci'.Hi. cifc· e.d ·quaif nha .
n!!cr~·va .qua ~r1nh tham gfa
thl,t'c hi~n ·di~nh sa.'ch cj'.ia 1119f't~ng
·- · - !Ctp-nhandan-:- ·:Bm·v~rrruocRnfcong.-l:io~~kefqiia-.P&a.n Heh-

·150 .
 phai d.trqc ld~m din:h 'ia hoan tht~n.·Ki~rn d1tih ke1 qua pMn
tich c6 tM thgc ·4i~r; qua :de suat m9t so trong ·.ca.c ket qui,
c;:~l:il;).g-;: l~q~c ,Iq~m 4!nh .ket "9~a. c~a Iillµng ;.nl)i dung quan
tr9ng ya Cil!lg :CO J~e' ti~n h'.anh vol toi'm.hQ. ket qua phan tich
t:b.~.? y.~g. . ~~ll;-<~ua."'*~uM·,HuinJy, ,, :- : ·,~: . : ..>· · " ·
····:;·~';•i.'.~'n6.::fy~;~,:~{6~~-~ti~.~~'.--~h&i gian.ne.tl 1:i(i~~:~-~~h-phai s~
.dung.' c~q:,ghuang·· pll~p phan':~t~eli~Wh~Ji:.~~!~B'tg·ir··frO: ghlp ciia
·~)"• . .~i6~;~~?~~~i':~tr~~i~~~i(~~~t~iB~-~~rtk;~if~:·~hi'.~&i~h~tr.ii1~~,:~h·&~ng
· phci;p 'lieri h~, si.iy .dlerr,> eb.uye,q gja, ~,i:a, ..c.tfy. J~~- ;~h911g may vi
.·tfnb,_· ~-~ v... . . ;.. . .· .~; ·>;~y;,:·~\J.:'.i\: ·T:::;:::;: ·~·'f'";;;,:.... ·' "'" . 1

". ,., , .·..QJi:~ ¥l~m~j4:!n'he/se: .~hd iJli¥? :·~~t· l~~~Oi:.y~'·~~us .d,9 n.~,an
:. I

~.· ·• ,'.l;;;,.,·..:
th~nk.nliitm-?lll
'r-:,;::~ ;~
.....• ; •, ... ,
)pna·rr~tl'ch dfit'·ila1"dfl1iig:;Jib'~(ct6iig
'.~ :·"!:· " •~ :·' ' ' . •. ~ • '•
•.
chfnh stich.
"·~.:·~:a, ~t '•1 I'•.' '~~l.~.,~;j ~:I: ~;:\:"'"\! ,i_•:• ~· ~ .. ; .::~ : f• •"
-t : :

f{,9n.%;;
•.;: ~::·P.~
tli?i~:;µ.~y'.::COef::·.i:~,;c~n:::dti::o~' hd~~'ttti~)i:·k.e'.t
,' .. ,. '.::·."""'·;. •.
~; ~. -:, ' · .} .
•r .:~ .... '···:;::£;:,;
.i.··~ .... 0
·qua· · p~~n
:~.~
tfch
::.~.F.l'
,.. ·......
"ii: 1
tnroc.:khr:I~P,'ha:a~cao'phan.11!chY'-"''' ' · · · ··· · · ·
..·
~~:·:·7;i~~g~llt~~~~~,:~'.:.,/.'.:;,
· :: ...:
"
·.'.·~~}h
.. ~·..·., ,:.~··.;t.,..
., .",.J.i:Jf!..J>.~l).::~qf)gt:ff..9'P\'f.~~;;ke~·;gua:p~an·t~ch
/·~l!~!l>'-<-",.;:-:•,.?.'u'"· ... ... ~r...... ,· ;· . .'l..·:,r. .~:.,J,
.' '
' " •• ,

·,;tnfii:lj :.s~'.C frr. · .,, · "!l\:tia1Chi:i:9.~i'.fuy., rhe.6;-y~u:;cav.:crµan.

··!~~~~:~i~:~~YJ;:;tJ:~;.!t~!!:£~!!E. · ·
· quy;¢ti·;;i.l~>van·
•. . , . .,,·,.
~·:
H~fr fi,11fn.g:~ . ·~trlf'M~P::l:Y'.-Y~'.~.9.9J1W.1 Igc Hit hanh
.. ... ... ;.... ...... ,. '; .
·:·."·~:: ·.:~:· !.-"~ ...~~·1·,~~~~1.:..-·:·· .~

. n:p9g;r!]a~:;t~9·;-fi,~·thop'.g.,· . i'Ltfdi» . .
, ·.: .•\; ....... ,.:··~ ·:.;;L ·~ ~ . .,:~;q:-il~-.:·· -~.::~·:!·~i· ~;:.- ·=~~·. ' ·:···::; '. . : . . . ·...
" ;. i"I'U!y-''f_heo'-'T.f.lucj_iffC.li,' yeti J:!~U :.Lc;:q~ cac .·GO'. .quan quan 'jY,
••• i
· · ~~P . ~.~9 g;~:~:~}jdji;;~~f,i;f~t~.-1~P.i~~p:~;iq)o.~i sau::·
1 2 "
!~

· . •. ..-;.13,~o" :,r:;~o _:-tgl~~~gr,k)1/the0 :rha'ng\ ··ql,ty ;~ 6 thilng va. m9t

. . . .:.

\.. ~ •'
·: ·~· .,, '.·'::·;. ·~·:.. . "~ ... .::.·· '. ··~:.. :·;.. " :~ ' .. •,:!•'. ... . .
,);· ·}'
·... · nit'¢~· ··

:;.
.i
...:. ··;
 - Bio cao. µ~t .xutt vl'rihmm~".blen cei';riay· si;rih ttetig ·qua
trlnh chfoh.sach.
Bao ·:.eao .chuye.n..-:d6··'phl)e-N!J. ~Cii;c·. :hu~t··11¢n~. ~tfil'anly,
n·ghieh c(ru. khoa hQc ,hay t6: chu~ cac 'pbong trao::~a· ?-9t
·1.4. sit d\ing ~t€t'qua· phan lie~
Ket qua phan ti'.ch .d~gc l~p thanh b..io tao de:sfr· d~ng ·i . ,
irong su6t qua tdnh .. qu~n.ly ~i~µ ;J;tanh ·c~ifo.h,·s~c~; .Cb~ :d¢ sit · ~
d1,1ng tai.Ji~ti ve phan·rfoh·chfo.h sacli :&rrqc·thifc:hi~ri'1lfec1 quy: · i;···.'
dgnh cua Nh~ nuoc. Tai li~u,. phil.n ti'c:l1. qhfnh ;sac~ :ctuqc-·d'ung·
tam can cu dieu chinh,. b6. sung· cl:rfoh .s!lch;. 4e ·hoan thl~n
·cong tac t6 chuc th!J'c thi.~hfnh sach; ~~~'h gia bi~u qua ch!nli ·i.
sach; de ki~rn: chU:ng de. ho~t .d!?ng. qu.~ri tf.kh·a~.: Bai V.~y n6 '. '.
dtrgc baa quart, su ·d~ng theo ch.i!'··:a9 Nha . nthk ban: .ha~- .~
· .Trong ·qua trinh M~ s:Iu~n. :rien phat hi~n k~t qua phan tfo~ co
sai l~ch ~hl tien h~nh dieu clifoh theo quy Cli_rifi •
.Quy tr!nh ph[n"rich chlnb, sach tren. ~ay t~o :thailh m¢t-
h~ thong thong nfrat, Cac buoc·trong quy..tr~n~:·c6·m6i quan
n~ bi¢n chiing·, logic vai nhau. Theo quy·trinhthong .n.l\at. nay,
ket qua phan ti'.cii duqc t~o J~p. tr.eri·c1.1 s-c1Jdiea h9c,-c6 ·d9 tin
c~y ca,9. Khi s1'J; tl!}n-g :k~r: 'qu:i-;phau ·titll;pilfil be ·f.thtlc ·li~n h~
voi tlnh h!nh thvc 't€ d~ liutt. giarti b~' kho~ng each '/~ ·kh6ng
glan va thoi gian. cua ket qu~ phan ~foh.

152 .• ?
 ..
•'

~AUHOI THAGLUiNcHU0NG 4
..
Gau 1. Hay.:.cho biet pi1An ·tXch chfnh sac.h ia gl? Vl sao
pilai .phiin tf~h.,¢nhth:sach~~;'"\
..~ ·,· Q.~.,.~~~~~~Jil~t!#.;4~~~:*~111~1?; -$.~~111..,:r,:6.. dhµng~c;;h:ac.iniing gl?
:uen Ii~· ih~c ~~. · : · ·· ·· · · · ·
. ·:> .,.~,£~~:.i~-<::~]Y"=gb.?.;.jW~~ lrP~t ;:A:9.fig::,ph~n 'tkh . chi'.nh sach
,g-11:~i·t'hliC..hierifrihiinO':~rihierrt.v.u. riao? , -._ :. ,·,; .. ·
;,·. . . . . . ...:... ~- . .
·:'.::~.:~'.-.,~':;;:': ·::~:.~-~.;;~:t~-:~~·~:::.~.':'.'~:;·~:~;:t ·:~·~:~: ~~-,
.;:.~.;;,,,;,-;.. ~g.i,a,,'kdJ_ppJi,J:i!J:Y:· llb,tnh,. ~eu.,caJ.L.CO' b..a~ dq1 -:\101 phan
. ;~~9..h.&ifyfp~~#~ti~;_).~~~A-:·~~·-~h'~c::t~'n\Uot:ta: ~: . . ..
·. ··:.:,·:::·-::;;
. :
''Ca.U..#5~
• ,'· ..: .
·:t11rih:'ihay·cacr;n.o:uv.~if't'aa
·,: ;· ', . P· .J·:.. . • .
p'harhrth'chfi:ih
:
sach.
, .:· •. . . ' . . . . .
~,ay i:;ho l?i~f.~guyen· tlic; n~o
• 1:
!rep Mn nha~J:·. '''.;;:;·, ;: :·" .

•:'

....·· ..

·,·1·.·
.,
 '1·
.·~'.:.,:
... ~

... :..
·. :·
Cf1ui1ng·,5· .,

-L.
• .Jr•

NQl. DUNG PR~N. Tfc~H·CHlN'..H.SA~H'·

., ·h t.rh. ,., h
:ca:c;; ·.:b: ".'. h'i:i:1:t •h··-
·• -ru:-;i?
·· L
Ch ll t r~n cum :·sa~ 'L..:.
.,. ' · ·
:v~o·
gom. . . ua~
#"
rc;n
nhtrng ma:u ·thu~n p;ay ,sfrth .~reqg;.:ttl'ii~ ·sefng:~a.:·:Ji~i:c$:tl..~trqc
ghli quyet. b~ng: .chrrifr ,sadh ·:c.he ~ 4€n..:: khi. :.h!'.l.an: .tQ.~~. nqil'~g·
ffilJC tieu de ra cua.ch:ihh·S.~ch. T~tl .faartfiJ?h~lt:tf-c:;h
.- ~ . :ri~Jclu~g
. .

cua c~c~ bu6'c nay l~>nhi~m Y-t} :qtian·t~giig.t'iia. cac:.nlia .phan

tfch chinh sach. .·~. . . .. . .. . ..

1. 'PHAN !fCt{
~,. . T.hv,t .Y$M, LVA"CHQ:N VAN DE
CHiNRSACH

1~1. Khai n!~·m vi: :v.~n di chf~h sach · ·1

Hi~n nay van de ·Chfnh ·Sa.ch. c6 ·nJii#.u qi.fa~ ni~m khic t.
nhau, ·tuy theo g6c dQ. tiep:·c~n·t t:ihlit:ig c9 aj¢.t)ch~i ril¢m <;tuqc }:· r
nhi~u nha khoa hqc, va qttan ly ung h¢.: V?i~ J~· d1il~·h st/i:Jr'/4 ~t

11!:ft11g 11hu call rzrang ffii ciia dai song xa.h9i' Gan !il.t;r.t OUf!C ',..
.~
· bang drfnh sach. V~ ban i;::h~t; nhu c~ii· t!l'<:lhg Jaj cfi~.x:i: bgi 'i
; '·
chfoh Ia khoang each girra m~c' song .'hi~n t~i voi ·t~dng 'lai
'""J. .
·L

th~o . quy h1it ~~n ~<;ing phat tri~n .. Khqiµg·cich· 46 chtnh 1~

. -!,,
m9t rnau thuin. N€u mau thuin.·citrqc gl~~ quy~t-.cring, ·.coi nhir
-t .
.
l
khoart~ cac~ augc 1~ d~i" ·Th~() ~_fli 1~_fil(grai n~y .tli1 vf11. gt
·1

154
 chfnh sacl1 c6 th~ .dugc.coLfa nhilng mau th.uan nay sinh can
duc;tc Nha nucrc· giai quyer piing: Gh.fnh..sach. Nhtr v~y van ·a6
~hfQl:/ ,sa;ch .tµy.;~u~g ,duqc sinh ra nhu: m9i _vaI! de, nhtrng
.h.. ·:;:. ":·... ·:., . : ·~· ~: ....~.... ~: · ~. · ' .. .. . Ii:. kh 'c
k·• ...<?I!K .pgg,1.,:~'!: .sa.~.;.)'Ji,n;:p~
..:. ... ;·."..;:·.'t·c·• .. ;•,,. ... ,..•
~::!':" ·--:·:.'!:r~·~·
.U,0.1. fb.upg
.. •:-::.,1':',!· ••:c:•··.' · ..
1 , fU!i: .f!.Q . c9. ,fl: u;no ·
;•:.·.~'l·::t. ~. '•~"····.··
.. · J·:I '·;.-; !';·;, . . •. ·
a 0

b!.¢.t Jl1ahgJfnh dq.i;: .tp..\11g;

:.:·.-: •.:-; · 1·~.··:l::}<.~·
. fr~~<, -~!::·::-:)~·:..:d·~;:'°:~:!.:·· ~.;. .. ': 2. :-~.-
. : :g:i;·,Ph~~:ifoh.:~gtion "g~%'1,vf£.n:.d~: ~ht~~ :.sacq

.~~~:.n:JJ~~'.:!!~~:~:J:!~~:=~~fJ~A:~~\~;W}ti~
y~n,._C/.e. ·.~i~fr:i:~:.t4;;µaH.>tnr!frc·1fenqJhlEFhi~f:rro·:Ja·:gLtv~n ~e Ia
nhfrng. :mau tllr.i.~n .. Q.ay ·~1nh.;dn d1tqc· .i5~ai<4uy,€~;:.:d~ ·.th:o: ~.h\fc
'. :tj~{:t£~}~~·'!~~R~~1~~'k·~l~·g,J~rttH:j~~y:~~~:4.s~~:ai~.g[~.'·if~µ. :cri ·~~
;~:~R;t Ul~;;, ~~~);;.9~~; :?."~'tf.P.-J..1§i~·.¥:~Jr -~Qpg. ·~b:!f; ,cac_pgng/V~t .clw.t
:~h~t,;::,~.~;~.g: :R~Sfl;.#~\c!.µ.y· ¥.~Y'.c9.JJ~1s .~<\~;;.<:Hnh ;:¢ttrgc :nguon ,g6c
. :,~~~:.x~?:At9!i~~~~;§~~~-::::.. ··. :,. .:;: ,:,· .:·;:, ·
.·, ,:, .' '·. ·<V'.azr::d.€
~·~:h~'i_!'
., ....... cfuftfi:'~~~Ch'sinr{:ra':rtr·
. .. ....
. :· ·..
~.. . .. ·. :c0.c . .. ... ··th~C·l~'fa)ilg
... '.hbat\:d6ng
' ·.•...
.·_;):r.. ·~ .. ::.~·~f-:.:
. ...... ~

..,~._,.:.. :.~·A··/
-
.. ·:,!-. :-~... :~:-:•• ,·.···:·.·

·~ . .• , :: .1.N.a~~~de-.ch!nh·''.~ach·
. . :· . . . .·:· ..
. s·irihra'.tu·'lihfi'ricr·r.fi:ruyen
. .... 0 b ..
.vong .cua
• .:.. · ... ·.·.

..' ·nhan ·d&n. · . . . " ··· · · •

. .-: . <··; V;it:iritl~·chf.1th.:~'iicb~·sfoh:
. . . . ~.., . .· .. ~·:.;..~~··:·~;.
1·.~:·;::~·/•:·"·.;,.,:<";tt::« :..."*~.,~·
..ratrr rihunrr:htc:tt6n° cihf'chu th:~
7 .:·;. ·•. \.:-·.· ; ...... . .;. ... O~ :~·: 1:;» •
· »q:u.~n.1y•1Xa ..h¢r·Ja't#la';ntro-9·.:'.. -·· · · ·· · ·. · ··· ·

.i1a~it~zy~~'~1~lf'\~[iO"[~q~~,t,"c 99 ng ~P· ~oi

I ....... 'p1~~';·,'t·f~h- 'ii~~::~.~;. µ~·i .~µ·~rn xuat x!+. '.~~\!11. ;:t~y._s~ . . ~,~.o
G:h,4~:&;~~. l~~tJ4.~.~ . d1tg,py'~ tfµ,p:~a:rye"µ kh4.~~.guan cua van d~
~~rq1/:5~·~h. =· •· , =... · • · · ·

···1:,

155
J
 ·.~"·
:.: ·.
i~
J..3. Tim kifm van,d~ chinh:s~~h·j:1q~-~~¢;k!ffig:-,~:1Ia.ti6 ·
De xac :dinh dung van d~· thfoh:·~ic~; c~c rih~·~hiln. tfoh
chfn h sach c~n phai.phii:n rfcht·· lim ~iem~'tn:,i~g· ~so· ~hil~~ vffu
1l
d~ ph'ar 'h'i~n dtrgc fijop:g. qifaUil'iung :d~c..Ufiltg~cct :ban. cua· van J \

d~ noi chung"siu a§.y: . . . 'i

l.
1.3.1. Va~ d(cfdnh s6.<;h .co.mifi ~qrum .h.~ bi~n clzltng .]
v6i mof."tritltng Mn t~i . . l
.f
Cac yeiI to ttong_ moi': frliong· v;.~ 'd$.[ig.si~h· ra ·c~c v~n . i
:d6, tron,g d6 .c_6 Vatt de:·chfnh·-sach;. Tren ifi\fC·te-, va'.n de' chfoh .!
.I
!)ach chi. co 'th~ -dttqc giai qtiyt!~. 'b!ng' chinh. sach mm U.1fr cho i
xa h<;>i pbat tri~n. Xa h9i. ~ang pMt tri~n.¢·ang·s1nh ra rihieu I:1·
van d~ can duqc .gi~i,quyet b!ng chfn~;~~ach.• Ct!.t.heo quy lu~t
v~n. d¢ng do, chung thuc'da'.y-nhau·phat tri~n. .
. t.
"I-
. · 1.3.2. "Van de chmh sach mani a·1.~£nh hi?n thlfc va I
t11r.n1.g lai :
. :·
I
.

Moi rr,uang kinh te. - ~a hQi. v~·n d¢ng lien .:t9c· ~hl c~hg
thuartg xuy~n t!!-o ra van.cl·~ chinh .. $#h; Nµurig: van ·de. duqc
j
t~o ra nhu. v~y la mang tii:J.li hi~n thtfc. 'theo qqy 1u~t v~fr l
dqng, ~ac hic}n tuqng dang itln ti~:i thl1c~t€ tc'Sn'g ~oi . truang se I
I ~

i'
lam nay sinh nhung vifu de trong tudng tai, .gqi- fa v!n d~
Or

mang tfah illdng lai.

l.3.3. Vd'n de chinh sach kfi.o~g· #rth ~dgng bliizg ·ctic ·
van de" chuii.g . . '"" . .

Do tac d9ng .lan nhau cua d.c yeu to !=~U t~fill.h rnoi
trqong :ma mautnu!n:: du~· stnh 'fa:, vl th€ v(zt at :tliubfig. gfin ··
voi cac yeu to ti'Ong qua. ti:1nt· v~n. etvng. Khi sfah~ ra, -~}an a~

156
.~;,

I ;.
/,!~:
~
157
 ,•.', ···.

K6t:·qua p4~ ti~h:i~~ . ~hi;\n'vat! t:f~,~hfnh .sa:ch :duQ'c. ~yngCo; •·· ' .
Iam ca sct-'-d~· cb'inh ph~ . noacli\t1fia;:cli'in1i:~~ach·:.~ong{Xem>_, .
. ~}.JJ,hJiuQng)t;ta :c49n' v~~:~de chriih'.~~~h·;:·;'th:it. qh~f ha~-tilii nr5i. :. . -
H~n ie."· iJ p"h~rt p:bu;foc: '···· - .
. . ... ' • I
" !
.2. . PHAN.ffc}fRQACH.iimB:~:c~,SAG!H :, ...._ ii "

·· ~~;. ~;~n lr~nlipht~· tfch::btJ~.cli.¢1n}l~diin~ .S~~ch, cac. nha ,. .J

Phan tkh can chu y.xem xet 'darih: ~ia ·nhrihg.::n9i dung:·.sau:
~. ' •-:· .. . ~. . .
. ·. · J;~,
.,
g

:1 ·
2.1.1. LY: do phan .. thOi :c'iiban;hanh
tfch cli!nh sach
. ' .... . .

Thai co ball hanh chfnh :sach dut;;t2· hi~u .la ·uioi d1~m ma ·
·1.,
t~i do chinh sach dugc· -ban ·harih: ·d~ ·co thf co :rihung cd h¢i
ri+vc hi~n (t6n t~i v.a.-phauri8n) 1!1\lc tieu rle ra.~ Neu c6 co h¢i
'th~c hi~n gQi la .du.ng: thcti-Ct;:11 : cotdt,CG hQi; nhl~U tiguy CC1
rrong qua trinh thlfC .hi~p: gqi ,Ui khong. 'Ching tbcri: ca. Tht;ic re
cho thay.·.vf¢c cb9n thoi Cr:J ban banh sach 'ebfn:h
gi3. trl c6
.kh~h te,
?t'ii h~i dt cao:, cho hi¢u li,tc ·ni~u
lim c~mh .s~ch qua
drrqc tang ctrcrng.
2.1.2. Mlf.c dlch, phiin tfch thoi' .cd bait Jianh chtnh
sach
Mi;tc dich pha.11 tfo}l t.hOi ta ban hanh chfnh s.ach Ia .dua
ra dugc ket 1u4n khoa'h()c v~ thai di~m.:-l?aq'b;AAr..<=liii.iJJ sJich
1
.~
thu~n
•
lc;ri Iihat. :!·ae ..c~p co;·~1t~m.
'. '
q~y~n. .xerit
.. ' . ... . . ... " .•.
x6t ia:gicyet djah
~· u.' • •, ~ • ~ ~ "
...._l~l~
<.'

chinh sach. De ph5.n:.tfoh thoi.ccr ban.lia~~~Jifn:h~:~i;\:ph, .nha

·phan tich biet ltJach¢n nhung::nQi: dµn·g"~i·phttdng puap th!ch
.
hqp voi mvc Heu .ph1ln t1ch va yeu ci!u qu~n· Jy. -' .. 1',· ·-

...
-.--··i·
•

.!
. ·~
··f.j
... :....;.i
155 ·~
-~
<J
 . :·~\~

2.1.3. N ¢£ dung phdn. tich thbi co'. ban ht!.n.h chfoh s;1c~~~1
Muoi; c.6 ket Iu~rr dqng .d~n vi thbi ccr ban hanti chf~~~. ,-f~
sfich; ~a? .P~l:i. p~~n ~Jch m9~ -s6 n¢i µu.n,g chu y.eti s~u:. : .. · .
Phan tfch .nhu ·Ga·u..~u.a·,.1=.ac nhom- kii ich;frong-X:a h6i v~ ·
,,~~ 'd~·:·,~.lif~~"'~H~::~~~~~~§~~fi~~~.!i~::e~~,~,:ifi1l:~#¥.:~4~·~fa. ·:. .
·' n~:gm::iqt ·1ch:¢9';oa;rf(t~W~~'.tMnifa1h~;: g.i,~~;'qfoh 1nrq~g). _'. ..:,;1 :, :.·:
: •. ··~··.-J-. .
_:;.~.':.:1~ ·~··t··•. ~•.'''..°l~":,.;.·!'".0.:-:1r..t ' . . .... • • . • ....

P~an tifh · ~;rit, :N~~-,,~~i~~R:R<K1£,~~,.:-~,~Ai ~~Jµ~L1:"9i .~~i .. ·

·.;i~~~~~;!J~~;~~;~;~~~:~~:;~~~~
·huq~:g.:d,l?.,1.l.
' .. .
v.~~
.
'
4e:'·~tj·ml1'J>ach,
. . .'•
.
·· · ·.
•. ~. )' .~, -:: '
... .
.... ..
::·:: . , .·
... :·: ~h~n. ttdJl; tl~h'_.;~l,rit{kliai _Eh~c tr~m . na,ng 4~ gi.a:i <.J'.~.Y~t
van a~· :qP,.fq!(sai::h':'< .. .. .. ·' : '·' ..
2,1.4~ P..lJ.itimg phap pk_d:n tfch:
. .~·•. :.=\r. ~·~} .7ii;:~·~· ;·)1~~~~.;.: :.',-· · . ~·:: · ... . . ~ .. :i~~:'. ~ ~:......... .,.:· .....
. .dunO-]cef-~h
· . , Slf.,.,~1:r·':i'.'.l:l.'i1~·
...... ,,·,:~·~'
·... huct ·g irrha.P." ':p·li'an:·'t1ch .chuan\.:tac
·:-:,.,:.. ~ .951-c P. : ~.·!!- .:.:- :· :...: ....~~i.q:t: ·\;,:i:; ~,.:,:;-..;,1.,::. •
J • .

. f 1AUJmfY~11i~.e~;p~~~g,:pji'd ~dlt~f~Pfi~]~;,·[ih
( ·na:n ;t~ch 'Jianh:? 'ia.t~va1ti1'qchcliuri'a·!r':n:fih:.trcli :c.h.i!n d::'ffii.rihJ,
0
,. ! :•-.I •

.-.,:z·7~~-:--~~~?.~~~~1~:IJ~~tJf.!.!~~~~~~~~~;-ftl~~ ~~~~n s~~~· . .~ ... _: '.'_,

"Qµy"' t.f~.h11 noa,c,h ·~~f!Jh··'.9hfnh.J.~itvh:.P:l!(f.C' XaC"GJITh 1.ha~1t1
1
"

i~,~~~~i;~~~fi~~~l=:~~::a1Zft~.m9f ,hi~h .~ch

· ·~ i'.2,i. '4fifc.d(ahJ1haii:1£ch }W'f!t.!i di.nh ch.tn.h sach.
PM~ ric:h .P,o~~h Jl!hh...~.l~inh :sa¢Jf phM-~cil ·4€.~i dtr,qc ket
lu~n''.1$~a,: h~d ve" irn11~ kha ilii. c4a .pb;µClrrg ·an :ilifn~r:sa.ch dm;>'c
. . . . . .. , . . I •

l~a:,chQn: .Oan 'liari1t:. _. . •'.

."<:'.. . , .·~·· .. '159
 · ~ .•~ ..2•.N~:duiig~pfian"tWlt.:k-a~-c~ afiih cfii1Jh sat.h
£>~ 'd~r ~u~ ~YJs: tf.~g,4~ Jg~:.ph~~tfc~,:h~~ch·.pinh chi nh
sAcb can r~p trungvio,:nhi'ing n9Gfof1g:~~t .-~;; ,. .... •..
P:hin· tfch.··~~;e tl~~:,ri\Jrih..~i~b:-d'.{ kJ~~~g: d!~h dtiqc tfah :
r
'
.

h.rru dl}ng hay kheng d6i V.01.:)ieli.cilit·cu:a:vifn d~ cnflih:~itli va

.;. ,1

i.

pbu hqp vai djnh.h.tr&ig··phanri~n chuJJ;g> ·.· · .' · 1 -

i'
Ph.an ~iOh. h~ tti6ng: bi~h phap. chinb :sach ~! k~f iu:~n v~ }.
tfnh d6ng bg My. khon'g giuib.i!}.·n pha:p .. va m(lc ~i!;~:chinh
s~e~, $;~~ bl~n :ph.ap,··;vcri di~u kt~n "thtjc it va g,riia .ca:c bi~n J
phap val nhau~ .
PMn tfch tci chifc tlH!c thi x~y .<ll,mg t~i:: 'phuttng ii')
·chtnh sach. D&y la n¢t,cl'ung :phiin,- tiqh phtf~ 'iq;p vi. rt.6 kMng
c6nhrtng'm~u hlnh ~guy-,fo ~y; #h.itid.in~~:NM-'philn-. tfch_.:phat'
. dtta v~o·q~y trlnhto chii'c :X,ay':d11ng.:phttang an ·chfnh scich d~
phi1n tich danh -g1a.
Ph~n tith d:~ biio hi~-U.- ll.}'c.; hi~u, qua, Clifnh. -sa¢h. N¢i
dung phan tfth ,nay. mang tfnh tdng'.hgp cao f!~IJ ccir;· 1:1.h'a phan
tic\-\. c~n cllu y. Tr~n co: sb'·k~t qui ph!n -tfoh cac n~i d1,Jng Hen
tjua11, nguqi ta. tong. ~g.p-th0;nh nhung y.eu. t6 cua, dau, vao ya
ket qu~ cua ctaura tt{ danh gia: &i:rgc torui bi? phi.tang .an thfn'h
sach.
2.2.3. Ph1.t111?ft:PMP·ph/in·ifi:lz
. Jio(Jchdfnlr cJi{nh
. sach
Sf.r d~ng ker hqt>·cac phm:rng_phap p'h~n tich . cho ·iinig.ri9i
dung cua mqt each thich .hqp: .:' · · ·

I
.AE ~!}.[lg R.bJ:CQ'.ng~phap mo hlnh-h~a: vao phan trch ml}C
lieu chl-nh sach. . ·~ f
. Sir d~ng kft bqp phtrong phl\p mo hlnh hoa h? th6ng vli . · .
160
 ::1:'., ·.
·~

·~
':~9f;;phf;,,;~1,9{J~.ti.'. ~,phM;~.~JcJ;i;,t}~.,,t~gQ~ }?~~.~ pJl?.P.:J~:hfqh:sac;h;
:ii · ;;!;~ i~~~ ·~~k•,~.li;}ei"~'~i;:P.huqp;g.~$~~P;®?.:.t11~.~,'i:~9a,~:~~::p~uo~g
.~: pMp-;P!lltP,ht;~'~Iiii.:Pi:h:;it~[:Paan: rf¢bUtnli'·~M)lfr#f1a<·p.fowlJ-i an
~-

'.:::~~f~i~l~~~:~f;:~~~J~i:~~~~::~~~~h·~inh
.,.
' .'
. ~
: ..
11J~
..,~.

'_'.:~;. .. :;~·"' ·1a:oaqhn:tf~h;t~hiitb:''s~cK;fa. th~:·hi~n :ilibt~·q:::\~'y:~e't dinh U:na

· •.,, , •• ',•• , • • .· • I .. • • ,., • .,e

~~:cua.Nha qucrc''vqi cac van a~ phat.sinq. £>~.co ctµc;ic 4\:tY'et

~Jaj?:. 1~;P,:g:;t~·~ft~O;,e,9,~p~ q~·~.~ qg ,thap;1ya quyet d}:rih· .c.hfnh sach
r'
~~
tri
~ :.p·?,-~1:;;.~~:~:~,9t~~.;.:~~~,:q~.~. . ~ri~t.r:;s:~11 i;i;ha~;,~\llfa chg'ii. Trong "b6i
. ·~~.~(9;:~B( ·f.9.;J?:P.!~.~'.:Y,'$µ;}#An_b.. h:li9og ·'~~n iqJ.:l~: t.rlnh.. ra quyet
:~~nf:R,,~~~~·~~~~:'fi~9.''.~~ag i9.~'~.µh:,.~.~~~g~~~~w!li9 ~cn·.a inh: chf nh
.:~A§:~:,&1M&~~;~~h9·~~~,·fifoh,}~#A1inif4-~vr;:;pHtrng· :tn~: tfre .cJ1 a
9.~~:~;~~~1~·~i~~li::i~f:j:e~~~~f.~~tl~~µg~i!.~i#fy4i~~ii:g~~auY:c.u.~ rit'an
·tc1t1eli:':<c.lliY" , . ci'i'a:dai.:moi:e.lifafu;.sachi:x:6rmhafi:.:, ~:-.i;\ -.;:,;,
.... . /!·t<:~~~:~~~~?:"·;;. ,..'·~:~4:;....· :~~!~~i~?{·~··· .~~-·' .. ~·.~;··· . ~.~~:.. •::~:t":: ·.·t;', ~ :.::·~·.'.7 ·:"'t. ~ .. :.... . . •.."'. .:. ~ .
. i·: :: · · aii:.ftlor/'.Vaf~i!Ili-~n ::'ft2h::1ea:c:·~'·'·'ffanifrP'anb'. :hitan O' :e:ten
,. ,~~:::· -~;~r~~t~~§h;~!~;~;,¢itl iiat~r~~iiJ~~k~if~6~~W~:1f~U.\6
.,
an'.h' : trpI,l'g.,t~e..o::'driO,' ctl~ft.fch ct;rc::h~y tieU ClfC .d¥ri 'qlla ·frfo_h
ln;~-~p;t,i 4:!q~ .~b:iqlf:. '~.4~h,. ~p§µgJ~gl/p~a,p::JJch.·"dvgc . 'mdc anh
hA&iif!;.iu~·'cutii;.~~·.1 r:ef dl c<fti'i~~~:~Jl.~P.:;~9.1;-xu '.thren. M:p.
· ;.. ,J~g;,fil·~~g;J;~R..·pB.,.~~~~-Ii·~~~·;P.~.~~, t~~h.1~5: .th~~¢ :'.hay n~6
. ?1:nD:,.:¥?fl-:,~~{J1~~· 11a~~:«PMAJ.1.cl}j-'9fiCi:l1J:l.~n:
• • .. ... ..... "' ".•.
. .,,..... ~ !,; • . .. ,.
;.t9' ·t;nh :hµ'_qn;g nhLr
•. ' ... i • \'· . 1-~-· ~

· ~~.ttP-~.wi:.P.~~P ;tq~rf;::pl{ii9-~fpfy~:P :1~iY ~p.eJiei:i :hoan.,, s.o ..sarih.

# •;•"'·' • • • • • ; , :. • • '

,• • .. : •• ,:,•' :' ,., ' . I ' . ' • • ~·:.:~. '._,

J. PBAN':rfda Tf~HH~ 'TI{ONP'C.PA. Sf·If~Ii.SACH

-Ti~h:.h~ rh6ng c.4~ .~hi~-~. $,~cp;,d;tgc h{~.u la ,s~ ~hons nhat
:ci'.1a cac fo~i chl~ii. s~C,ii ti:~ri~.Ji'~ rM'rig·.chinh:·sach, s~r rh6ng

16:1
 :............... -...:.:- .............. .....:.
·•
~~··
lfhat giii'a. m:tJc. iieu chinh sach·~v6i my.c· t.i~u chuµg~ ~ong nhA'.t .
gifra m\}c ti~U va··bi~n. pli~P:··clµtj~ ·~ach,.-gifra :difnh :sa~h'vBi .
~ac -co:ng r.~ .quan)y .~!c~.-P.hait,:'.tich;tin~. h~4h6.Jtg ,::o~a.~chfoh
.sach nh:~m 't.~o·~~g·.sV,'.th'6ng ~nhlt.tfung·:·qnan''if.di~u .banh
c;:h(ri~ -~a_cl1 (?~1!8 ~h~I?. ~i~h.!i~~g.:1l11.io/IY.:di~ Nhla,.tnrac;.'·ViJL.
muc- dfoh d6 pbM-tlch ·tinh-hMh'6n.:r chinfr..saah ef>n:a,.clin phai
• . . .. • c '. . '; ..... o.
hoan ~hanh ph!n tfoh c~fo· n{ff dung.-chu yeu sa\.i;day: :":
' .. . ' '

3.Jl.. P.han tfch. Hn.b h~ th6n.g ciia.' m.i}.c; tieu. ¢hxnh sach.
cong.
. ~.. . .
Mt,Jc ti~u chfr.ih .sac}i. ban g~m .nhung · g!a· :ttj ldrih. t'~,
·chfnh tri, xa. b.9f nA~n-·V.:~n Y~· nh'i:rng;,nli~ ·piiu cho cu¢C;•so~g.
ma xa h9i cfin ph~i- d~t·dt.tc;tc tr.ong. tuong :l:rL Tfi:lh: ·11;~ :thong
Cua ffil,lC tieu chfnh sach dtrqc·.hi6u Ja •S\! hqp nh!t tlla- n~fr.tig
gia tr! ma ch.(nh sa:eh hU'ong t6'.i" tha,nh: mt}t th·~ thefng nMt.
Phan trch .tinh M thong m~c tieu chinh· ~ich ·1a cii' .·xem xet
m~ng thai ve quan·· h~: glrra :Ca.c:. bg pMn Cati- true 'thanl:r ml,lC
tieu b;:png m.9.t mOi tr.uong ·cl} th~- N~i~m vy phan: trc·h. ia phai
t~en h~rih ·phan giii dtri;tc ·cac m0i quan M'tfong nhfrng. n9i
dung sau:
- .Phan ·ttch t.lnh. th6n·g nhat trpttg q~an .M. giiia cac b9
ph~n ciia mi;ic tieu chinh sa~h. .
. .·
- Phan· tfch:tfoh th6ng ·nhat ciia ID\IC tfoi:r c;hfrih sach ve
tlrih chat (mt.ic .,tieu ·trgc.ti'ep, ·gian Hep~ 'mu,c ti~u 'trtr6'c:, m~t,
iaii dai~ rfi\{C··faeu ·Chirih ·s·~dl. voi m!fc.tlefr c~k chtrCttlg u:lnh,
du.. an ...
..
).' . ·-·
·~·. ·,

.. Phan tich tfoh "th6rig. nha'.t J~ong quart h~ gifra rn1:1c ·tieu
chfnh ·sach:voi ·ml,lc tiefr·4.jnh h~Of1g ..
 - Phan rfcl1 t~rut :thon:g' nhac ve m~c tieu cua chinll sach
trong h¢· thong chin~: sach. .
' "Ketqua phan t~ch cll,c moi. quan Mtrong.m1;1c rieu chinh
sach. tre.n day riep:.r~c q-ua b·u:6c phan t.f.ch. t6.~g hqp se cho ket
ri.l~nvh·rrrth
. .
~h6n:g-.i1tiat
. .
·9:µ;f:m~;
..
ireu '..pha.n-rfch'.. · ·
' ·~ '

! i>:; . . . ~; :~.~~'· ·:: :·. · · ,. '.3'··~~l\'~; ..:·; ·;:;\ ·......... - .

. ; •. ·;

~·~~:~~~~.J!~.hJfr;d,iJi~·tfiQ.ng.,cua bi~11 ph6p .chfnh. sach

ti~:Oh~;~Q~:~~;d:~;~~~:;~;~:~~~~:iffe~ji{~g$~
,. · :thong'.;c,~a .l>i~n:.pM'P''cn'lnh.~:#~h.ctif<;ic)Ii\r9" til~D. i:r:en die r,ii~t:
: ·~ <Rfya.ri· tr~li, trn:li .;r~6#g Jtl.I1~~ ·,v{~1n:~. -.t:~~~~,~~:u~-P~~=.'·~i~n
phifp·.ehfrih.s~ch; · · '·· · ... · ' ·· · · · · " ·· · ·

.·- ,Ph~:n ~fch V~ .,tfrib. phµ lJgp ..i:;i'.la !'!.ac 'bii?ti phap y(Ji J;Jl\tC
··e-·u·· ·
tl
·' .· .· ·· .. . ·
. l ~ . # • •

,;J.3. ,P!l:<l~)tfchr tfrih· h~'.t~ong ·ti:ltft .chfph sach v&.i ca.c

cong Cif .quan vi mo · tv ·
Nha :nu~~ ·d~gc,..'·~'.{r 9.~n,g c?:n-g· ,{;ij quan. ly ~1 mo d~ t6
chCrc,. dj~\1.Mnh :c.ac:_g:qi i!-fg,ngJr9.~~:n~nJd,11)'i)~·:- .x}i h9i. Do
' ~ . . . .
. . ,n~~ ni9i·
t!n.h 'n·a,n..g; iac. d:vng .~htic:iihaur . ·~
9o:ng
.
,c'! duqc si'.r dl;ing
'•
'

. ;· ...
163 .
.. ·
 .. '
• :"' • • ' .~ ':'°' •• ',,.; ,·.·.. . • : '- • • > .:·: , ,•, ::; ~ ·---:·\ :.I·:·: '' '' · · :it · ,
vao rn!)t m~c d!ch nh~t ;djnh. -~6· ~¢~g. . :c1;1.·d!f~c.,~~~!r.-M'tlll:~t
di:tib y~ h~h.V.i ho~t d@.n~cua'd~ittign,i: ¢6 c6ng-.ct,i d~n~d~­
..lf;Jgi.Y-~n..~hich:f!§i:Qr_mlg_,.rrQg·g;y~_rJ.J;!~m:gi·:.-g9:£¢f!lc~ . d'~~g 1#
tl:J,o l~p moi tnrang clip doftugngJ1ogt d§ng v . v.••• ~M~c du
citrqc Str d.l}zl_E VO'i. Ilhii'ng .:i!ll}C .dfCh .khaq. Pb~µ:~ ~U'llg· c~ccollg
ct} deu cung tac i:!¢ng d-€~ dOi. tmi,ng" th~o "m~t: d:jrih. lil)'crng!
ra
Yeu cau. nay t·!iO Slf thong ·rihat trong vf~c ba~ hanh \ia sl'.r
d1:1ng cong.ctj. quan. ' ly .......
d1a.'Nha . ·ntrac. · "=~•., ..,.

4. PHAN TfCH TINH: HINH TRJEN· KHAITHt[C HIEN .

CHINHSACH
. Trien.khai thtjc thi .chfoh sach. co vai.:1ro quyet C!inh den
Sl:f thanb, b~i dia mqt .chinh.. s.ach nan·~<iP·t:iha qu·an}y~thtrcrng
r~t chu d~o. ·dieu 11~nh .tot 'buac· nay'·" Muon nfug cao.
y chi
hi~u qua t6 chuq th!J'c th( chln~ sach, ztgq~i c~c: .ho·~r,,dqn g to
chuc, ·quan ly ra ·con. phAI th~q~g :XUy¢-n :pQ.~. tic~. t\nh hlrth
tri~n khai thtJc hi~n cli~nh.\s:i'ch. Qua ·phAri · tfch. s~ c:ho thify
~hiing b!t c~p trong k~ ho~ch tri8n khai va dieu hanh ph6i
hqp 'thl:!C bi~n, giup CaC C(J .quan nha OtrOC ttrng 'J)~qc harm .
thii?n c6ng tac nay. . .
ti 1 ·~h. 1'. J;. l .,... L. . 't. "" • ~· • :,
. ·•.. •·.•
'

.w_ .. .;.;-...-.·2.·11' ~~~n &;e. u·O.~:~•·A ~~.~il:ll ~-r.u;n ......

Trude·. khi .dua chitin s#Il vao th~p 'hi.~n; .cac: .cc:J q,uan
quan.ly nha m.rac pbai'xtty :ci.Jing ke"hog~h'·rrl~ri k~aJ ch? phil
bc;ip vf.Ji t!nh hmh tht;tc: t~ trong tung thC11 ~y;•Tinh: khoa .h9c,·
hgp lJ't- GUa-·ke h~~Ch 'tf-i~n khai CO anfr hirQng r.at Jan 'tl!:lf ker.
q~a rhifc: thi chf~!r sa:ch, oi1i v~y nha ppan tfch khon,g. r.ht: &0
.qua ngi dung phan tich.uay. K.l1i tie'tt hanh phftn tfCh ke'ho~ch
tri6n khai thgc thi chinh s~ch can chU yden mvc·tieu ch ke

l64
. ·trl,\;:
.. ~
. )}.~'
·I~·

-.It
·1.-··~1··
: ~·
:,-,:
.. ;
~

~:

. ....
.
.
·. ~·
·1;. ..
.:
.'
..
....~,~...:
~

:'l O-:·

.:l';,
.: .
~.~:
'1
if
..
t
. ;t<.
·'

165
 ~J~..
~. '

:thqn-g-.tuyen truyi!n chfnh:·sfr<;lt. cf~ da1ih,:gia;,-1ri~~:thqc,;hi~.ri:·ri'ay~ ~{·

ce» rthieu c~ch ·tliac. tµygn:·ti;µy~li: chtq4:;sfi~t1; :.n;-htril~ :phaii~iY ·~
hi¢µ. ·.qua :ht>~t; d9n$: :lam: ·phuA.r{miJd;d~~;;.gfa.·
. ..• :. ........ " .....:...·· .
i::::-~ J .. ~: •
·Mil9p.:~~~y ~~~a
• ..~......... • ..... :"''.···~ ....· : '.:•:. ,, ~. . .
_,
phin trch can phai'tb.ieiJ.~p.'dtrqc'·.m.0i:q1iifo/n~ giUa ohi phi c~c
rigu6n hrc v&i k~t ·qua cfa.i ·&doc trorrg JJfugJ:ilnli.lh~c:.tuyen
·rru;y~n ~c.hirih. sacli . d6 d19~:-·fa~·~1irhii .hlnfi...~h~~··tri6h ..lqlai ·-tot
nhfit. Trang n¢i dung. fihan tfoli hi§u: qu~ ·fcieii khW.; nh~ phan
rich phai luon ch'1 yden chift .ltrqng·.inlnJ&al, v1 trong Jnvc·~e
co ~hi~u phtidng,thuc tri~n 'l~ha(~hanh, t~!n~dJ!i_b.%ri fQ~g va
chi p:hi khong Ci:iq; rihung durt ·IuQn·g·. th'~p. th~ro. chi coq. J~m
cho .doi tl!Q'ng tiep:riQ~n
. hi~u sai ;;e;. m1;1c. tieu. chfoh
.
sach ..
D~ c6 dtrgc .ket· lu~ toan di~· ve phan tfcn triifo khai
chfnh s~ch, ngo'ai vf~c phari .tfoh hi~u. q.ul iri~it khai cnfnh .
sach, nha phan tfch con phai xem ~et .ca .tlnh hlnh chtr~n bi
phoi hqp, chi d<j.O: ili\tC hi~ri chfnh .Sa:ch CUa c!c cd quan quan
ly nha. ntrCic~ Dg~ vao ke: hq~ch tri'~n kh~; nha p.h,an·~r.ch l;ii~t
dU'gc nhfrng t6. chtrc, ca nha.n ·n~o· .duqc. df! ki~n ch~ t.d hay
phoi hqp ~hQ'.c thi chfrih sach d~ C?.hii.d9ng tiep.'.c~n ngh.ien cU-u,
t!m hi~u. N¢i dung phan ~ch.,chu~It bi ph6i hqpthi,rc thi ch:inh
sach baa g6m: .
. · Phan tich tlnh)1mh .giao.J1ht~ni V!J: cha ca~ ·cd' cf~an rhvc
· ihi. chfnn sach xem. ·c6 phu .hQp vcri ch1Ic n~ang, nhl'~rn. vlf,
quy~n ~hi;m ciiahQ khong.; ' ·
. Phan tfoh moi.quan h¢·ph:6i h~p gi-tra'c~ ~!!S:_O. ch.~ ti:i \'Oi
cat co quarCK.MC::., . . .. ..
'PMn t!ch 11rih :hI~h,.~h.u~ l;>L·"~ ·cnuc b;. thong, nhari (o
sv va c:ic nguOn v~t lt!c "l<ihac cho vi~~ thl;fC thLchfob s;i;ch· cua
ca quan nha ~~~c'._~ ··-··· _____ ~-·- -·--
 Phan tich .tint, than Mn nMn chfnh sach cua cac tfog
lop n~~n dan v_a dol ti.rqng clw htr~ng.
. . - :D~. :phaµ tfortbac n¢1 clu1tg rren ngll'ai. ta. co thrdu'ng
' ·nh.ieu pl~~dng plrap, khac .nhau-, trpng po '·phtrqng ph<ip hi~u
tf .qq~ .. n.4arla.,pq~q.,:t1qh4h6.n& ~e:,. :Qi~u ·.~Fl ·.xfi ·h9i h9¢. K~t. qua

r
·i
r
p.h:aµ,~t£~h,.t\;nh:.liinh::ttl~n::khai· thfnh ~sach"¥ua'lan1· ~·a sb'cho
v.i~~.J~~%tl·,~hr~~.:-~.oq~, ~~~i. ·;·t.~Y~.~·· .~·t~uye~ ~a. t6 ,chi'IB: J?noi ~~9P
t~:v.c rh1,Phfp'l.1i4.9h·.;:V.:tta 45 ~.t;tP,, . ¢.n.9 c~c· ca :quin· nh~r. ·i!tfot':~f~p
l l~f: ~lµy lrl chfoh .~ath. trong
F
. ·i
. 4oi··:~cl'rit.g·
. : .
x~
'
h¢.i. . .
}:
i
i
PHAN TICH DUY TRI CfllNH SACR
. ·... ·.~·,.. ~·:; . . :~:r· ~ ·.~ -.~·.··.· ··:· ·...~ .... '.
i ....
l·
..-1·. s.i.· ~ha~ ni~m · ".:

"l
I~.uy. ·ttl chinl't s~ch la ;coan b9 hol}.t 49~g dam _bao_.ch,9
chfh}f cs~ch:p.hat. huy. #e dt,tng :t·rong·~'cri .s~~g xi.h¢i .t!;le9,.~jnh
hir.O:ng,· :ijnlriJg. ~!:'.·~~· -.'.d9.ng: tia:rh .:b_a() .oly:··ba<;i:.g~irt. h#L,g¢~g. ·

.;~~i§~t~~~i$f;~~~;~~~fi$~~;· .
-~. i. 'f>.ieu kr~n tj.uy.'tri
Ch~nh -sa9l1 :duq~ guy trl u.ong:rihU-ng.cUeu ki~n. chli yeu
sa.u da.~:.. '. · ... ·· · · · . -
.s,~.1. ?hdr d'1m: befo: 4.tiy i7il y§p.. G.41J. ve' ngt~6n nh.tin
llfc,..tdi·e:~inh_1 ·:d·g·.~&<vfft>c.hfi.t kJ.th+i4t tJ.{thr/c tl;i chln.h saqh
Trqpg. §0.·.~a.~·{lgu.6n :~!:fcAren; ~o 1q~i c~n .dirge dam bao
ngay ii( i<iir trier!: ~.a(chfnh :sat;h; :co 16!lli ·se·d~qp cung frng
167
 5.2.2. Cdc cu quan dP,nitracfJ,,,thlfd thi"c}j.llJ# sdt:h phdi
bltt deiz trie"n
.. ·khai
,·. :muc
. tieu
.
~~-
chtnh
' . sach' thank cat ch~<1ng
trinh, Jdho.q.ch haii.h d9it.g ~·i:i ihl
Thong thuon~ m1;1c tieu. chl.ri:h sach mang tii1h :daf hCJ,n.
ne.n neu tien hilrih r~~¢ hi~nJh~o.l<f.iu·tgJh~n, v~ d9rig se·d~h
cien ch~ch hir&ng. M:u6n. cho mvc· tieu ~hfrrh~s~ch tilt thanh
hi~ri t1w·c, cac cap;:, cac .ng-~hh·ca~; ,phai: cii~p giaf mw:: ·-ti'eti
chlrih sach th8;.nh c;:ac k~. hq~i::Ii, chu~ng tdrth·ngiin fo~n ·cho ,,
phu hqp v6'i t1n~ hlrih fh11c tien. Tti' .d6~ tac CCI quan quan ly
nh·a ntroc di€u hanh. xa h:C)l hci<[lt -d¢Iig tne'o tnt;ic- tieu. c;t~ ra cu.a - ,.!

chuang .trlnh, ki{ho~ch di..t~ng bucrc c1~ti.1trq~ mqc tieu ch.fnh .

sach.-
. .
5.2.3 •. Ph.di phtin ·cong~ ph61. hvP·rq rP.izg gfiiiz :Cai cd . ii.
quan, doan thltr6ri.g: vi~c dky t,ri chinh ~ach '
...
Lam nhir v~y:.se x~¢;:dlt1h'·tlirqc ·tta¢h;nb1~m cu.a m6hca
nhan, dun -vi khi th:uc hi'en chttc nan~ ,o.O.-y' tf.1 cninh sl:i.ch. ;fr8n
" • • '..., ,•"v

thlfC te, vi~c tfo._rc thi chJ'.ah sach:Ia tracn .Jilil~m gua.tnbi Ca.n
b('l,: c6!).g.. chuc trong .b9 m·~y ·c::ong ·41.1:y~n/-d.6ng·:thM cling Ia
triich n.hi~m cua mlii cong.&in va.t6 ch~c :tr~~~ xa h9i, nbung
irqngJ:lo. _cac <::tcquan :quan. ly. :nha Iiuac drrgc giao quyen··hi~.n
tnfc tiep dieu hanh duy trl ch!I,lh sach. Cho ·nen rliv.c hi¢n
ph!n c6ng, pho1 hgp To rang trong th\rc thi chfah _.sacij la ca:sC:r
d~ xem xet Jrach nhi~m va danh gia tlnh h1nh hoan thanh

168
 ~M&;W ~~M,:.;c~~:rf~~1::f?.v.8H~lf;:P:~X.~ }i~~;~~~~)9~g; ~~1:. d.~P_- u~~
4~qp..:Ye\li ·~~it. ithii~ ::~h1.f r:;hlit,~ ·~~.cP.,•J t~~:VR9;iq~~1:1
~:!i-1•• ''j' · .-•.'>,o!·~· ,,:,.~ ._ •., •· .. " •
;:,.;,~'.,
:~h11<
•'
.i;\1!9c' co .
• . ...;.,,,,..,{~ ,,:l,,.No :";\;;I •"!'j· .f~•.-

th'&m.·: u':''."'ii:·'t:ifrt:'ti6ii::ptriih Iihuri a. ·V.ieG :$.~u.'{!a ::, . . . .. .

·:.; ::-· ;t(i~:J-~l.:\~mg:.;,nn~r,1:J:i~nthanh:·c.ac·;:~4e:;-:clj.e;,q~y,:ta:c·
.:.~ :~:·: ~t:: .r~:~~!:·~7t-:;~1'.. il;~f!:~?~':::. :~jf}:.'f:~~x\i'.~.-.~~:. /'.:··". .··~ ·,. ·.. . ·
hen quan

.:~~~~~J~~:~tf:,:'.;.;?:·~ ~;'~ ":.! ~ctil~

. ·· .:-: .;. ".·K.h~µg"·.ct~:·:caJ;!f:t,aq:dc;;P:g. ~hach. qua~:'lallf :anfi. h~,g.p_g .d.en ·
.

~::t~;~j~~J,~µT:!~~~~~;~;!t:~~~~,~~~·<~f; q~an
- ·parn. b~o 1h6rlg_xiff. . 1l~efi:.i~c 'thong ~:u0~ 1 U~n r1:1c trong
qµ~.~~r~_11.h ;q~y';~~L~~~~~r\~apli.: .. · ·',. .::·:·; :~ · ·. '
;_: ·~· ·~"·:::~,:p~~:.?.~0'.'.~~~1: ~~A~~:;:~~t!)~~~r::~n9'..:ia~c;~h.Hci~g,.tf!~h:r.;4!(.
" aii'·h~y··k~;;noa~1t:;,flil.IcTHfert:
" ... ' • . • . ..
7 'ffrn1b'"dc"mu'b':tled . bo. ohan
. • . . . • ' i. •
cfra
. " •'
chrnh SaGh.

·z~l~fllfA!~i~!~f~~~,*~t~F:,::0 fj~z
-.:.~~:P:~)l-H,Y. ~tt.i:AlliJih}~f:.h::th~o:;:tni!P.tl~~: quan JY.,· cac ·Nna ·
nuoc .dtn t~o !~p. moi trµ:crng thu~:p. . lq~. trong p.1.too'. ·va:.:kh6ng
che i)hfrng ~rih :~uqng ~ieu :c~~ t'fr ben ;ngaa.i b~ng ·cac -~6ng c\:
qu~n tY.· vr~o:· " . . '." ' . . . .. .,. .
...
•'
;

:S,•.3.-JP:h_~P ti<?h:~~-?~J·J1<)~g tl'~YJr~ ch!~',~ .~~.ch

· Ho~t 4gng 9uy Erlc~~'1{l:s4cq di~P. ia th(.rong.~hOng:dung
lioatl·. tqa~ jfhu.- .d~':l)'.1€n, nerr cail .phafc.6. ·nhtlnf:l:li~·u ch1nl1, bci
·stg~g,:nb.:~m ·hoAn chinh. cac hd~t dg~g· nay.: l.Yiuon phat .hi~n
 ....

!tjp thai nhr.tng ton.tiµ: ~prtg ·~:uan.ly.:dilil; h_a.rtn chlnh. sach, .cac
nlia :phan Heh phai: 'tlii.t~mg:Saiy.e~.quah;~~at .hi~t Q.i~µ: bi~n-tr.cmg
qua tr1nh tht;rc tnL:Nhf.tng·~~:O~:!~J.iaY:~irilj::;~~:Jh~·;thtii?.6'v'.~ . 11.~n
.· · .... -'f• • · ~ . •·:•,.".'· ·,:· ;,·:.;_·~·:;.
11· •• -~·~:- :~ !;. • ·
V'.1 ' ::.:'}";.'.:,-:; . .. ::',:.•/ "'· •

than chuctng tr1nJ:i, k.e'.:'fioifcn.do :cac..ii,li'a 'l~nh"d~o: cap ·caa d\f ·

kifn, ho~c ~6'tli~ do di~u')i&n'ij~ ph6i)ui@ tu·~ cj.~)1bi.qttim ly
cap duai. Muon b!e~ . gg~y~J.Lllft]J'.fv~: mJrt:::.~. filili hu6rig :c~i
iiilring ·tan· t~i· niy ~bun:&: ia .cfui phan tich.~ung rn~t cua ho~t
·d¢ng duy trl ch!nh sach. ca sa p:ita:n \1ch .y~ . m¥c Ji~'-1 chinh , . eo
sach (thong q_ua mIJc tieu .cad cJ:irrani)tl:nh·k.~ ho.~ch .chjkien
h~ng nam) vii 'thtjc te q:uim Iy diet.I" hanh ch:fnh. s~ch .cua. cac
nganh, cac cap. Ket qua phan tich: duy irl ohinh. sach co ·th~
drrqc ph!n Anh· tr~ng nhifqg·~r1fcrng hgp sau: . ·
5.3.1. Chinh sach v~n hanh t.6t, c~~·ti€p Ujc duy trltheo
phtrO'ng an tci ch!Ic~ dieu hanh· da di{ ~e.n.;.1'flltrn,g c~n thliang
.xuyen theo doi pl:i:an tidi de
phat · lll~ii 'nhung 'bi€n c0 nay
sinh. · · ·
5.3.2. Chlrih .sach dua vao 'thvc thi da nay sinh, m·9~ .s6
van~M nhtihg k:hOng anlihtiang lC1n.den:m~c tieu neri·va'.n:tiei:>
we cho v~n hanh,: ~hun,g pii~i ·4~ trll:iil." ·quan; ~6 tham cac ca
quyen dleu thinh (chlnh:sach;k! h0~ch,.'.chtr®g tr1nh hay t6
cht!c thgc thi) th~o tien d~ tht,rc hi~n cho ph~ tiQ}J'\i0i ccic dieu
k·- T' ,, h
i~µ Knac .quan.
. .
...
5.3.3:: Chinh sach da li~c 19 rihfrng. sai.-sot !On v~ mtJc
tieu, neu ~fr: ti~~ hanh thl b~.U quA· dem}~i ~ho··xa ~£?(la YO
eu:ng ID'n, vl the cantnu h6i cf1Jrih sach.dc! .~ham dlit ilhfrn~ t~c
de}n:g nguy h~1 cu.a no.
5 3.4. Thttc thi chfoh .sich hien h~h .iarp, phat sinh .. -
nhtrng ~v~n Ji~·c.fih ~fir~~ giai.· quy~t· oing ·c;h!nh s.fir:k_i_l!i5'.i.··~ nen
~ -~ -- --·--- -----··------· ..!----·-~---·· -~---····· --~-·· . .

.:170
 ·~­ phai c6 i:ihung sang kien chfnh sach mai v6'i Chfoh pbu.
J:i
~ s.3.s. C6:XU~t hl¢n qhfing ion ·uµ, µhung kh6ng Jam an!
'~ · . hu:qng· den fI:l~C tieu. chfoh sach, chi can·cac CO quan thlfC th
~ . t(r die~. ~hlnI' ~a. ~tr~~· (nhtr thay. doi ~.~~}~~n...;~~4.P, r§ chtf;
.. ~ . :th'!~ N~n. CPJ!lh::Sa,(]h}.. ····.· .
fi;.'_:' ; ··crunh.:··s~C:fi''hiY.~::Xi/ciu~i
/· ker:'q4.il~P.h'fa)I~h..' a:uQ.2.~i;~~ng
·.~h~~~n .4~~ ca quan·:~o~~\1 d!u1

"· . :tt.lnh 'ke ho.acil'.·(~tlighier

(. · ~ffu. ai~u ·~Ji~#~~)\D~p~;~~h.q}}~iii:~ti·µy_~~ ·:~ho '~~b ·~(i ·q~~~ nh1
.·niro~- <larn··;~~~~tt'.}~~~}h~~:. f~.·#h~~h . s~cJ.:~*~in~~¥f~2;~(1dnt ·

!l-.· ; · ' . pghn~m,:. <K::t«' q~a:·Ji.t~u ..9l:rlnn-:$ -Q-i,rg~ ·th'or,ig n.hat. :g~.~a..·.~9-c· cc
·• . :. q~.ah ..~Q~ch·~£ttfi~. ?i~.;ifoj~ .:~~f<l,~ :phoi;:h\;'.P:~~ii.~h ':4~~g-·:;8?. :,hi¢u
.(;;. · :~-.q1,1a •. ·~~~t '~*~) ;r>;~~g ~fJ¢f.dgy.;m . .~hi'.nh 'sa:~il'''.(iu(j.~ ~4:~¥: .hi~ri
Jr~ng.~~6~:.~~!~,:~}::fi~,:,t~L~.u~~. ;:h~~h~:sfoh. · · _· ', .
6. . J?HAN~J1:f:;R .. HI~JJ .QµA!-THI)'.C THI. CHINE SA.CB
~~-~~~~·~~5*1~~:~~y~~) .·. : !: . '" . '
.9~l~~fJ:i~IJ.~:~.foJ1"k~t q:tra..~n.~ng .. . ....., . ...
;~ .. ~· ~:·.::· ·.t".~:·_:·~·· .·• ·~·:.';: .- ~ ..~~~.: .... ::-.t:)\:. »:£·., .. •\' : ··~· . !:

. . . '..... J\:e~ ·q~a}th.if~:'·cJ;W ~~In~.-i$.B,.:~·::J.~,H~;u~~,.,,dpng :g9p· :l,~~~!~o

·i· _. :h~:t.JsliA~~: i::,fr#-':{;J:if~h ';#~h ~~qt :-gq!. ,~~~~ . :isr~ti :c~ .- 'x~·.Mi/Ya

· ~ ~· ·: '{~,~PJ~ J~~:i~¢.'t£·~ q~'<hd~(:4~~g-''t~9~:·,,g~~~ i1:~¥)~~P1rn:::pua :~ci.ii~:.an

. ·: _.
· ••
1
qH~it. l.Y. ,,n9~. ':ntrcrc~'fcac:r¢l1p'.:z,r.qtj.'g.;y~~:SJ~, cthtfo ,th!!~ -rhi c~rnh
·\~.A~h~;~·.J<~t qµf{.:.tfen- 1:t4y::1&b~r·K8.~~)fua.v. ·ct¢c 1~i? voi 111~~u •
. .- . -;eh.1fr1i:.~.~n xen;" lcet•'p&i V.ao.:· ri\~air~ .'.h.·..·.8. ·~.r,,g;:.c:;hi;:r ·n'haif tr.ong' sbo(
1.
~s

;.
:;.~~.:~ qu~ ·,~rln.:J;rv:~r~C?,ng/C6 ;rfu&; chfn'h ~~·oh cht.ra h~n da ~oan hao,
nhung' dp. bq. ~ay .di~u.·.:h~t'J,h_ ..c,9 . ,~~pg. li,rc, ·c6 Chi.ty~n IDQn
.
. ngl+,t~P.~vu. ro~"v1-:'bAfl1tnh'v.:u11g ~~~g ir~e!t~M~ ·uwc. hi.~n. neu
:ya~ . .g~~.:Jit{g¢ 'i11tfcfi1~P -\i-6'.fh'.1~~-;goJ ;cap., Jiq~c t;;~nh d9, niing
.( ~·.
1~c
..
C;u~: d(?i n'gu. ca:n
..·
;bQ 'co~g.
clii:f~ ·~·ha. .ntr6'c-.chu;a ·c!$.£ .yeu cilu
.

171>
.·!~·=:
.···.....
 ~affriln.· nhiirig do.: chfrlb:s~ch hJong m<;inh·~a~:'ni\i~ ti~u \t¢i
nhifug ~o che; thfoh)1gp; ~uqc ·doi.i:g.a~2.:~~~P . ~ti~JJg·9orig. tinli, ·
t;l! gi;ic th~c hi~It n~n ket.qr.hl:tnti:.'dtrgc~·~ki.:i{;6~:qu~1t:i Voi th\l'C ..
--- -renay. c:a:e::. iihit ~P.han ·trcfo:ct~iili'iiI~hf#ilt~acir~an :.Chu 9ke:r:·
hc;ip hhl b.cia giua k!t:qua:· martg l~Leua ..c:hirih :sich v:a :ker qua
. ho~t dqng' cua bO .may qtiii.n 19' riha ·mroc. Thong .thtibng klti
danh gia ke£ .qu.a chfuh s~ch· .la ket:qua ~~ung,.ooi v~y trong
..Ph.ftn rich khong .c!n, tach ·b~ch cac. k~t q~a, m~ chl sir ci\mg
thU:oc do chung cho. ket .<1~.a.. qu_;i~ chfrih saeh.: Ket qua ohfoh"' ·
sach dude xem x6t d~nh gra. tren co -sa hitnthtrc hoa cac muc
rieu de ~a v~ cac m~t l~Qtig ~a ~h?'.t; mJJ:~ tie~ ch~ng v.a c~c·
ffi\IC tieu bQ ph~n;:.my.c tieiJ:'trt,rc tiep Va gJan ti'r1p V,V...
· Ket qua th.Ile thi chi'.nh .sach dtiqc. tting h<J,p ·b~ng cac
phm1ng ph!p di~u tra, pb.~n, deb,. thong '.k~; phttdrig phap h¢ ; .
th6ng .hoa ho~c phtrair~;·phap .di~u tra. x.~ :h~i .h9c. ~Cung voi.
· phan tfch ket. qua d~t ctp:gc~ -nh~phantlcli·.i::11ng·pl!M theo doi
tfa'h toan cac chi: .phl ngit'on li}'c· cho vi~c th11c thi. chiri:h. sach
de. xac d!nh hi~ucqua. chilng cua chfah sacb. Tren CCI sa ~'i~u
·qua d~t drrqc cua chinh sa~h n~y, detn:so sanh v~i :hi~u"ql!a
d1a chi'.nh sach khac tuang: d6ng c6 the
iianh .gia .dtrcyc hii}u
i ..
qua quan ly dii;u h~nh cua tac ca:quan th\!~ thi chiilh sach.
1"
·1.
6~~--Ph~n t(ch nhung.anh ht!~ng ~~a cli~~h-s'i:ich
Ngoai vi~c;,~~nh :gJa rihrt~g; m~c til!~ fo;mg 't~ do· chi'nh
·
.
i
~!
.f .
""

sach rna~g 1~ cho 4cr~ sorig' 'xa,.hqi ... riha phlln.:.11ch con can
phafi tiCh llhlfug ta(: OQ'rtg CUll· chfnh s8,ch d~n cac finh VlfC ...
f'"

ho,q.t d.(mg 'k.hac. d~ c6 .ke't lu~n day du, chfo.h xat ve .hi~u qua :: ...
m9r clif~li s-,i-cn. Ta~ .cl¢l~g cua crunli sacn d~ii cac lirifi vlfc
·ha~t d¢ng khong gio!lg nhau ye each rh(:cc, mU:c .dQ, tinh,chilt,
Vt the c4c nha phan tfoh dn phai dan~ gi:i Stf anb htr(jng: GUa

171
Ill
.~';
~~· chlrih sach rnor each toa~ dien. Vf du nhu chinh sach phat
. ~:~ .tri~n giao th.Q~g.. tiham .mt,¥~. tieu chf~h la ph~lC Y~ di, l~i CUa
:!i
•,r
n.han dan
...
dtrqc thu~n
.
t1~µ, . nJ~u.gg )shi.,con, dcrcmg' 'dt.r9c ma rhl
_ - • 1;..~. :-t·\'~;1! ~:!·'~·o1:•"'; ~.

.
..,

~-. enc ~o~t. d9ng~ CQi~li rrt;:'.}cfq~~'.1~;. '{~~ .?2~·' . ~1 .:Mi -~a n:oi
rJ:-. tn,tong CHfi$.''.4.t.r:9'.\::l~~rt.hi~p:i+§·l;ii~~~tHo~ci:'ch1.1;1h··$'.ach cat g-iam
L} · ~hl!e ·q';;~~''.4f~~tjk · " ··:~qh·;e,~~4B-~~~~*'·~AttJ~h~1l tb9ng .qua lqi
.~~. fch trt,tc' i~ep <;tan'fi::'..,. 0119;<D:li!Iri~ ·:dO:n:g ~hoi ·cpifih sach na~1

1
. ~-: . cii.ng giU:p . cho phat. ~ri~il s~n X.~:'~t ,tfPh$.i:·U~O'c,::~.1f$>' 9hi~u vi¢c
~r--. J~m
:•;;,c. •. •' :.!:;:o:Jliu.· -·· 8lii3\figucrtdan3efii:hii
. ·· . · . :.nliap:. ·· · ..... · ... "~~ch.· >:~a8::\{~~ .1~m .cu a.
· '·';r:t•;•:•;··:;';!·;-
·;f:\. Chinh. P.Aµ nh~m m1,1~ .d.fch·ch.6ng tli?r"nghi~p".frocifn~n lc.inh
J: ~~; n~~~i}H:J; eN~~~~fr~~-It-~;,pMt:;~uy J~,c,:dvµ:g:t.h~ Jio~t d¢ng
"'"f.~:·;.:-·~·r~::- ·:.~.!°;!.·.r·~:

, :~~;t~~~~~~~j:~~!t;~~~~:;·~;;:
.~:••:.. .:. • . · ; r: ·:~ .. ··:. .. •:.•I:J.·~~.-· · ~·~.~~ 1:.1
![-:_.... ·.: ..J ·~·•• ~:) ·.'·:··". 'i.:::.f.(;,.;,;:'"i,;~~:; 1~ ...• ·~ . . . .

~· ...•,. ··:~~,~~~~p:,:;~~~Fu%~~lk~a.~~: .. . . .
t "Ci,tµ l. ~hi fi_m . Jdem·van ·ae ·chfnh .sach?.i:lgucri ta dga
~ii~ ~ h- d .. .. .
::[: .;~~.·;~~' .. ;/tiit:fi~~~;~i(~.::\'.'i'"·:.J/': ''.·:,~;~:· .-::.·~-"~:· /:~·::.~'.<':'.~',:.. ·:. . ..
:~_. .,. :f ;f;}!~~.t~;[ff~;:~~p. ,J.C~r-·pfi~p.,J~cJ:r:qtl\'!n·;~:en 9-li.mh .s.aqh trorig
·~, t~i:i,qg ~~·;1~Lpfr~: ;qu~fr:iam:, 'ct~r.t ~hO.L~& .barr M:hn£hrnn' sach?

~;l.· · .adC~;.'i:~~~.¢~~:~r~r:rt~~~!~:~?,~rY~~le~;blir.hrnh
~~. ....
.. ;• .. Jjatt'.~4.;,_KhfJj~~i;i' ~fblftf~~ ·Jr9Jh.9.ftg;~,u(clliq~ ~sach can
4i{· :·r~p.:rr-u~~.~~?:6.:'.~~~ft~.;~~¥~~:~~~~~-~~~~~, ._,_, '. . . " ,. . · ' _
~- · " ·· : Gfr.!f::s·;,;p~, dµy- trl ·chlf;lh . .sa.cb ~~n tQ _.nhJrng .i:iieu .ki¢n
. ,¢:flu j'~lf n:·a.0?.:pq1:ti ·t.r&!l c~c ~Hiti :Id~µ ci6: Lien:h~ voi ~hl!c. te
·· p.uq~ta,
l. y NGHIA.CUA Vi~C t.lJA"CH.QN :cf\c:PHUd:N<l
PHAP PHANTICH' . . . .
Trong dcri 'S6ng ia 'A~~' .-i;:.ua. . coii:~ngt,i:Cii.. thlibng· My· .s.inh:
rat nhi.~U. ca-c "V!n;. de~. -C~c Va'it- 'de· riiiY.'knbi11f Ilhfrng" i{(da:
d~ng, phuc t~p :nia ·cJ:idng. tbn :nay ~lrih J! cac c~p 'ci9. 'lchac.
nhau Va trdng, nltG:ng-' dietdd~n, hoan c~nh,-ch(nh_ ttr-f kitih .te,
xa h~i va m6i fruang l~_Mc .nha_µ. Do d6,. 4€ nghien ;ci'.hi va giai
quyet elk van Q~ zi.ay~ chcing. ta :khOng the ·chi ap d~ng. m¢t s6.
ccl.C phuong, _ph~p· nha't dJrib" rria .phai :in'f- d\i·I1~ phieu, phttt1og_
pha~ khac nha:u. · ·
Vi~c ll;Ya ch~~ mqt phttctng .phiip 'phftn't.tch ·thfch:"~<;tp; voi
van d~ chfnh. sach da. va:-.d~ng, Jiay iihh.:'tt9ng. dbi s6ng h~ng
ngay co roQt y trghfa vo: "ctfag: qua~ trc;mg.. :1')"6 'khcin~ riliffng
anh huong tr\fc tie_p ~~n;.soJUQrig, cha:t·lt!ci.ng• va thoi:'h~:phi\n
rfch, ma ;on.lam chc hi~u qua· phan ·tfch c6. d~J mong muiin·
hay kh6ng; Tuy nh1eD;,. larr(the nao ·P~·Jl!!-1 .ch9n:· diICJc: m¢t
phtrcmg_phap pba'.n tfol(tbfoh.liq.p.ra cti;t.t ~h.6:ng Ef~ d~n:g; tih~i
la trong ttirong, hqp ca~ ·rih~:pbi~n:.tJ~h 'fh~cmg·d~g:tru:6c: y~u
cau phai CO' cau tra loi rihanh rih~t cho 'cac.,khd(;h hang· cua
m!nh vai ri1¢t tnai gia~ h~h che.. . .
 2. · ...c.Q: :89 KI:icxi . ~1oc · c.fJ.p;__,:·c.~c PHtfd.No fl 1-I~.P
,, .· :Et.~Ahh:IlCfI~· ·:· . -·, : : . '-. '· , ·: ·
..... . ~···:i-"!'J ·:·~.:., .. :!. :.:.·~·:t ·. i~-.~:. . · l
0

.:2'..:.c..:i.:.a ·sa p.Q:U:C1Qg'iJH1Zi:P .l.µ~n ·

C,d.~ ;6:1~~o'..i h9.p·.{~;ci;.:·~~d·.;rb,~dp,9;,.,Ph~p ·B~·aL) .tfch .,dlWC
·..•.
i75
 hi~u:·la M .thong .txi :·thi.'i'c· :qi11;rig··~rnh ly~µi:~n..v.a·.~th'!!c t~-et1 ·d.Lrqc- ..
cac nha pha'.n.,·tic::h'. :~g~ieh' -c:uu. va "{~rt ;Ci~hg ·m¢t 'ci~h. trtjc; Hep .
hay gia·J1 ~i~p y~9 qua ..trlnh .ph!n, tfo~i c.hinh ;sl~h~- ':frdng h~ · ..·
.rhi:lng -tri,.t.hl1¢··~hoa":µ9c .r~. ·¢€f,:sl1-ah~ ·ea¢"P-httcr~g.p}i~p~ph·an:
itch .chrnh. sach iiil<i~y v~t. ~i~ii cni.ttig .f~ :l!'ch s~ .cirqc .c:o1 ia
· phtrang phap lu~~ ·ca baµ.,nhat ~6 la phtri:tng PMP xem ~et
cac·hi~n ttrqD.g nay sinh, C~C;V~n de X~ h¢.i.trohg.rrt6i ·quan ·fl~
t~6.ng nhat, v.~n. d<:i,ng Va:phat ~rlen. kbOng .ngii'ng: Gae van ·de ;
nay s~n~:~on,g t~v.c te la ket .qua quaAtinh'v~n d¢ng CUa!Cac . -1 ..,
yeu to cau thanh xa hc}i. Cac v:fln ·Qa io.n t.~i, v~n d~rig 'va
diuy~n hoA clio.nhau, tro~g\to co nhung va'.n de oo ban dn.
c.hrqc giai quyet bang c~fnh.sich.nha.1JU.6c.· N~u van d~ chfnh
sach dl!QC giat quyet Se thi1c ·d:iy Xa h{li phat Jri~n len bUGC
cao hon. CG nhi.r. v~y; vo~g luan ch,uygn. thee ki~u xo.ay 6c
dien ra ~Mnh m¢i guy lu~t tat )let! .kbai=h. . qua.n .. each tht!c.
n~hien .~uu ~ay gh1p cha cac :nha ph~n ·..tfoh .tranh dtrgc. b¢nh
ciiu quah;p&i€n di~n~ dim tfiih~ clrn;g.~Mc... · .
Phtrang phap 'lti:~n ·auy v~t 1)i~n ·c~l1ng· yeti- c~u cac rih'a
phan tfch khi xem xet cac·ii¢i dung :phfln ti-en. phai xtiat phat
trr mqt so qmm aMm.ciJ thl'sau day: ·.
...
. M 9r la, voi quan .d1~m h~ th6ng d.e xem x·6t cac van de..
xa h¢i va c.hfn.h. s~ch trong_ m¢.t t6rtg th.~, d6ng; b9 y~ quan ·h~
qua 1~1 v&i rihau. Day· ci.U,n.hJB.: v~n dt,tng qua.fl. ·9'~~m}~an a;·~n
de pMn .rrch va danh gia~ :xerrCxe1 '.c~c .n9i <i~ng p~~!i. :r:tch
trong.ttrr c·a mm 1ieri''h'~ 1 :itm?a mfa.Wen1if
cd.bin-va cot 1zsr .
.,
iI
n.hat d~ danh, gia dt1ng vffa dt . . i
·\
Hai la, quan ·df&m tht;C: ti~~ la qi.tan dieln xuyen suet
tci~m b9 qua· tdiln phart tkb c::~c van d~ ~hfnh·sach'y~'hi?'thC:iig J. .

176 ~

I
. '.

.
.
 if.
··,,1/ ..
.. ·~//. '

· ·~;;·• ch.f1.1.~:~~9n.,Bteu-:ray :120 nghia)~, ld1i,xern_xer, n9L ~?ng_ p~an

rrc~·;·1 9~·~: 1 ifiiK~Rttb ;~£8ii.l<~~ai'Wr::Yi~·'ffi6·:u·,th1% fi:Jl9r!pac11
· ·iii;·
·'lf& don- gi~n~ .i:na. ·xenl' xet no ~hu ta m¢t qua tdnh v~n d~~g··cua
. ,~ c.ac_; Y-~u..:;-r§.c~~' ~M1 ·i~eo :a~1:: ~i~ai :4o.~n pnat·tTi~ff ·\~hcl.c.:~hau· cu a

.,;j: iicn·:~;~: ~~"" diO~ ~h~I~.~chfnJr.~ach.

;:~;'q:·:' ;;~h p;;;;cli cac
·Quarf·~di~m ·JJ.~Y
van. de· chfnh sach v.a hf th6ng chi'
.·i1;.· r~.. ~~~~·- Is~J,i~;~~l ~~~-,s~c .~9,i. ·-~~~~--.gM~-:~~ff q.'.:: n~~' _ph,~n.; tfch
:~:: phaFHn:l:·t:a.··augc' ·n!ltfnei' maii;'.thuan ch(l'.a· du.no .tr.on& ti:rncr noi
".·1=·t·· du~~~.~;~~-~ff~:;~~.V-~~-;#~i~'.'.~igh~:Pf~'~f~~g·'~~A:~·i:.'.Y..~;d·~"D.~. l~c
..... nha1fr '.c~t'truhi"vaii'fie''hl.6:0· ..Co: Ti~ri·:{:G'. scr. a.6 ·se'; du .Mo:. duoc
~f xu '}r{~t;~·~:';~td'~:<loher::''~ha}-t;i~ii~~ci;~~·,_tfii·~,..t~;;ri~:'.~~~-~·:x'.~~ :c1i~11
:~·: dtt~g:£~~4~1·~!~~:~~~~~:i~~:~¥~;.-~o}~;¥g~~~,9,itj~~hi~~:".: · ;: · ··
r·. _ .'~~;.~~~~i~~!i~i;~~1ii~~;;:y~,,bi~~·.
l . chµ:D:g vaq :g~~ ~r~~J~JP&!~Vl~JJ)~B!Elti:'.~·~P~~fi.9.~~·J; ~,~.~:;P:-11.~_·ri,,~~~" ·
f ·· .. tf~h. c.~n.phai ~0. phudn~(ph~p :t~'.sh1y'~J1p~Ji9c: ':yP.'.,i~·Ca.ch -.~iep
tt .: c~~.~~ t49.~g, p;hJd~g'. P;h[p·t~ ~~~·~~~¢~~t9~~~~if:!·;~};i.£~':~·~~
!: . ti.t.onc~•,-1
f:l
..
fl qi,:'?lieri ;;·pli:i!on.
.. • . r • ,
. ..o:;,·:p:·"h'ap'."1uan<v.oi"':¢a_c_.
•C. . •
,, .. ,, .• , ·
;:rp'hl!qnc
. • _~
l ohcip-· ky-
•
tu

Ji rhu~~~ ~p11~z:i·.rr~:µ·chtni1'.-·$i:i::h. ?h11~~i·:Rh~P,.~ef·:9µ:Y-~~9.a 'ifo·c .cho

J nba: ph~ri lfoh J<~f:nang;"#ngJtio~ .d&·tlrri ·r~ ~c~L"c"·phirang': pha p
{i• ·pi1·an::t~chJ~.oa h9.c ·mari'.gJ~i-.h1~u. :q1,1a 'C,a_o: ·¢ncVdiiig ~c;1= ~ 4r1.g
:f · P-h'an: :,u:ch-"ti:ong<cac: ·~1~·u: "kai,n:;;·:hsari·""dij:h"ikJ:i~~' ii'h~li.: ·V~n
• ' ..... ·4nY.·.~rt:Ty
1
_.'.·i:.1
~~ _ dun;;Hn_ o .. ·'"' Au:·;d.:~~i·,e~_·a::ch.:u,:ii'.g.hta•'aii.
... ·;.. .• .._·ctiu.ng
. .• fl:lien
,..;.r· .. . : .· ... . -~~,,...-- ·: ·. "f'Y.·a.·· . ;1,1_1\.o .
' ~/
.10..
tihari. tfdh
"'" . .
' chu-Jo-.:;tc{;:s'~
. -, . . ·: ~P-.
:xa'y.\cfrrng1dttd.c
.. .. ... . " ... · •
fo'6r/h'~.
:· .
tiiong'·phti'ailg .
.· 11~ .• ·. phap phan tkh ch.fo:!i·sach.. c9rig'kh.t;)a'h9t:, hgp ly.
 ., .. ;.

3. 'CAN err Ll)'A.CHQN· PHUONG ~fl'~p·'PHAN TICH

.3.!. ·Can cii'· y~fo ·mtxc. cfch .cir~. tfuig:.lp~J :hq~t::,c;t9~ng
•• •'" • ' , ' • •I' . •

pMn'Hch . ,
Can ct! vao.myc d.foh.cua,tun.g lo~i"·hq~t i.tc;ing.phllll Heh·
. c;;~~ n~~:P.M·p.-~r9.!t~9;.tMJ'l~.~h.9~.·.dttR:~:.s.~~J:t@'lf.qg. phapph_~n
tfch khac nhau. ··
3.1.1. Phii'JJ.ttc~ ~an lam
·Phan tkh haI1 lilm hay cqn g¢( la· phan tfch IJ.ghieri. cifu,.
Ia. phU'ctrig phap phan, ti'Ch Iihti;m d~c ket iri¢t: vtn d~ ihanh
nguyen ly trong n'l.Qt tht1i _g1an. nb:iif dlnh;. tz:en;ph~ vl' r¢ng. ..'
Ho~t d¢ng ·phan tfch nay thirorig :tltigc cac· ttrr.brtg, ·ca¢ .vi~n
nghien ct!u khaa hQc si'.r d1;.1ng dum cac :hlnb; thi.fc nhu cac ·de
tai, cac dt}' an. hay .cac .cong trlrih nghieh ~l'ru khoa h9C. Mi.ic
·;
dich cl!a lo~i phan tfch nay la kien· t~o. cac lY,.thuye"t Ion ve
11nh vl,fc. chinh sach cOng. De d~.t diit;tc/m~c ·dfch ~ay ,. r::a~ nM .'
pMn tfch thut:lng s"i1 di;tn'g'li~= th-ong phudJ!~f phap:lu~n c~~r che ..
ket hqp ·vai tr~.c nghi~ni-ifthuyet ~re~ thr/c"te.~ .. · ·
3;1.2. Phan tfch nhan qua . '

J~b~n- trch .nhAn ·qua 1a.· ho~t tt9ng. pllan:ttch, nh~m dg

."
I: :
J'
~:
dofo nhii'ng· .anh hubng thJ!c te>~ua. vi~:c th~c th·i cac <:fffrih ._.
...
···:
sach c_qng. Khach hang ciia .lo·~i. :pha;i,"tfch ·nay Ia.. <;.:aC. n'lta
ho~·cp d!~h chfnh: d~h :va t::ac ·~ganh kho~:·hQC do.Ji-en quan.
Khi ti en hanh cac h9 ~td¢ng:. plia;n: tkh nay ngttaLi~ thJtong. ~rp 'I.
:: t.~

d1.;1ng cat ·-pfiucmg phap ng~Ie-n crru 2.ua nliMu nganh kbQa.hqc::
.',1'i •I
. .. ~

·xil ·Mfr nhu phmmg phap. nghien cuu xa li9i hQc, ·tamJY. b.Qc:,
phttcmg ph!ip thon.g ke, so sanh, ~huyan· gia_-v. v... .

178
 "Ph,an frGh·.¢0.inlJ
.. :1. (} .. ,
·~· ~ .·.;
sich,..c.hµy~µ. ~g'f;.i'ep·Ia:ho.<;!.t-'d¢ng phfm
~ ::-.:·::·~; ~:,; !-l···· ~ ::h:-.:;-:-+!~,. . . . . • • . ·~

·: · tfeh~ riM\tn. ''ihri"fa.' ri}iting::d.~)l _:n1µ:~~-.g~f!.t".quy,€t:v~n :.a.e .ch~nh

• • • . .. ··' 1•!•.· ~··:' ':.;,·;·~ ;. :·~1:1 • .._~.~·;·.. • .. '· • • • • ~·1' ..... ··~ • '! ..... ' • " •• ~· :

··''s~*h tr~?~~,. ~,f..)~g~:g,;P::;.cr~:::g~~n !.:R'.h~hB!!"lh

t.fien·:mgf pii.~m. vi
···:kn~hgt-g'f~n . c~'.:~~t.J<h4~h!.h~ni #,l~klo~i :·ho:~.t .d 9n·g· ph'fi:n· tfch
,••I= ..:~:·,•:•,•\ •...,,j•.,, ", ,"'-,:~· 1:•~ •;:.;j.._"/:!',I~ ;~o:·~l.'•' .~' 1 .. ; .,• :-• : ' • ;, , • 1

"naf la''.!:;~c P.ha:noai:;h ·(linh ch'irih -s8:ch.,v.6i";;,inong ·niu6ri <lat ra

i~' ~~;~t_~~~Y;~t~~f.%%~'.F.i~':·~;~~: 4,f~.i,;v·~i;.' T.~o~g ·tr~qh~(JiqW~.~Y,
~ac. ·.n~~-:~_Mh; ~~~fl.j}.iiAt .44M :JE¥9~s: .~J?'.l°!!~:.'.?~:·~1t.?:ftgWi:'~ r~9; l~

:~:tli~t~tllr1~!W'!'=~~~~;~~;~~~fo~
··khgye~·:.r.,lfief-.tP,:i;rc:liih~\:. B_\;fi,~y~y'; la*i "ho~t: ~gng :p:h~t(tfdi'fi.ay
cort···-a~.~c :i?.1.ta:'-P..~~~-·~r¢~ ~h~n:.h .(p._~.~9'. ~f.<;i.sq:.'~-~n); .1,~e't qua
P.~ian. ·t~c~ ·,n_~1~~~0~.~~"ta.,;~.f:P:~.~'?i-~gi~:iJ.~~~p:9i~~~P::ift¥-~::lio¥ch 4inb
cti,fnh &a~ndf~:tr'"'. . ,~--.,,;°':t~Rurig -~af:~i.~m"'1cli9i\g ::d-in·g. khi rn
... .•. ~;~:,..:-. ~-~i:~,;.~~;:·::~:.:;;:;.~·j.t•tf' ;~: ...-:;.~~ ~ ...; . ·. :........... . ,..::; ..... ·:: '.· . . •·:.~ . ~"""
.cir
:·:ca.c:quyer1d1nh:'r;l' ac'h: · T '+ .:. ·.. · "' ,.. , ., ..

;~,14i~~i~i~~~i~'!~~~;,~; ;1~~p~~'.~~ ::~

lar.n, JJ01 ~;1: p~an. w:m han. ,!-~ill Jhuqn,;g-.·t_µan?tlieo -~ac ·ou·ac.: co
di,n h v0..¢£<: 'har.h '.li,.c~-\!~!1-mr£c :~C):g{ti~h;ktm.a.ltiQc: .Coil phan
·ifrcf1 ch.uy~n; ·n,~j1J:~iI\~:~ii_;· t.~~{J~¥:.:i{~o:~q~ -:.~~10 .;;p$1R1i. (s tr· <l 9r;g
n:1·~li~ ra'v,~n: :(i~ ':ffieit· d:~h :c-6.:c<lh·'.~u. d~. ttr ,do :-ho~ch ,di"rih i:l~rgc
• • ' " ... ' :.:. • ;..
.. .·..
... .. .• • • : ;".,! ~. • ... ' ~· •••••

... :

179
. mot clifnh .s~~h t6tt1h:it~. M116n:1~··.tirrae cti~u~ria.Y..il\f~g;iif.a;~ac ·
: nh;a phan·ti~h v~cai: nha·:l~6~ch.'k{rih'.~ihh:~ich··~6 ~hl?rig:tr~.n
h~ th·~ri~ qua cfo~6ontc!Jgtii'o:tilp~;·€Mr:ihv,fy·y~ c6-~~t·s6·y·
·kien .cho -t~ng-pha·n-:-tfeh~.chu-yen''~ghf*p ~a:n:i tinh th1;rc..·~i1fo ..
.nhieu hon sq v6i ph!n #ch han·l~. , .
. Neu. I1h~ nwc ti~11 c.~.a· phil'n:, t!¢h lianJfmi 13.. f'µien ve vi¢c
li.ra ch9n cac;.;phtrO'.ll.g phap~Ill~Q ·Ch~t ell~ :ti~ XAy dgng ya, tr~c :
nghi~m ·cac ly tfo.iy€t ..thl ~phAn :tfch .i:1tiiyeri .ngh:i~p i~f _t~p :
trung vao cac phuang..-phap .c6 kha n&ig· tun :i:a cac cach-~i'ii'frc -~";'
giai quye't van ·d8·nlianb.nhat, :tot 1ihat:·ir.o·ng.1thu~rr kh6 .t~Cri
gian h~t). che, Cac ph1ton:g. phap thitang :dugi:: sfr dJ.ing doi vcri
. lo~i phan ti<;:h nay .ta phuang phap marrg: tfnh t6ng hqp, M
thong, pbirang phap di~u tra;khao sat, thong ke~ so;·sanh, ph!n
tich chi phi .: lqi foh. thl!c nghi¢m, ban ttn,rc ·hghi~rh. phan t!ch
quyefdinh:··. ·

~;2. Can cu ~ao qu.a.:tr1nh ch(nh.sach

Theo cac btroc:.'trong- qu~ t.rihh chriili:sfrch i.ht ho~t ds11J:g
phan tfch cfr rM .tien. hAnh ·trt,rcrc, trong v~· s~u kh~.. chfnh ~ach
da dugc tht;rc b,i~n. Vi~cJtja ch¢.n•.:cac p1utdng:phap .Phi\n tkh
ciing cEtn. phai :p~u hqp vcr c~c:'.ngi d:i:!ng'.ph.afi.::r!~h ttpng 'rung
giai do~ cqa qu~. trlnh:.chfah sa:ch. . .
3.2.1. Phan. tfah d•uai:: ·ti!n h~rih ·tru~C: khi thu:c hien
ch!nh s~ch ~;iy .cbn gc;ii la,,phan t(ch ti.~rr.· ¢1i'.inh ;sach fa d~ ·dlf
doan cac ket qu~ d~u ra cua· c~c ~htrih'"si~h tb.ay. tii~. tren co
so ·ci6 se ltJa' ch9n. duqci chfnh sach· .t6t.nhat. V1 y~y, cac
phuong phap pllaa ticn co me· sua~n:g. trong:gfai &o~ti n!Y c6
th~ la phm:tng phap phfin t~ch dg baa, ·phtre1ng phap ·phan deb

180
 l
;,, Joi fch - ch1 ptif, ·~hliooi' Phifp th~c nghl~m, phmtng ph>ip
.~: · phart ~f~h.· d~~}!f;J~~Ji....~,~ ,:;, ,,h ,,:,;i .;g~?~' r ~; i::~:~l Y'')'i1:..: ti.:::. .:.. ·
·jt · .,;~·-::: ·~~~;1~t~,tf$~.t~~f~i ·:BX~f:~;~:!~~\~~~.~~~.~· :J.~h,,t:·:\~~f1~t~n ·ia de
. :'. .. fn.O ,ia ;¥,~; .9,.~:Q;A g1:a·¥~~ .q1lP,°'tbJr.c,;Jilit,n (C~~::cilc. ~luo.h sa_eh_; ..xem
., '·~~f~h ~~'ii;h,···';g:4~~i"~~rj~Yhi~~· ourii ~h.u: ~hi~t ~e ·f.l~y,:.,~ha~,g.
n~u cO: ·sJ! kh~c:~.pl{!r · thl Jlql ngµyen z:i,h;ln ·ghli..' ~h.(c.b; ~ho Slf
·'. :~ kh,a.f. .~i~~'d6hD,p:c4~jidip.:p~il.o.ri~j}f:i~P'.Ji[~i('hS,~~~~~'.lf-4. 1ro~.g
, f:·· _,g~~i;~~g~~.!n~)!~,.ta/~~~~t!,ij~i,;';~~~?9.~~~'j:~.~:,.f~Jri*-;:~~~~~~:~;:.t£~;~a
'· ~f.V.~·~~~~P~ :~~~J!t:~.~YJ.~·i;P.~t}f.i;b.~~p~qqQ·g~·'Ph8:·P: .~lreµ":~ra:/lJl!Lrf?!IJ:g pJ1a p
Jr · chuy~'ii gia,
:·f~·
:phuo)1g phap,.p.Mn. tic.ti Ic;ii· rch - ~iirptlf/E~2·::iJii~p
d~ J;d~g qµ~:pnifw.:ig~pJ:r~p:pl,iaµ. r~ch mo .ta, ph~n ·t(i;:h tl:i6ng ke

1·· ~~;:~A~~~1~!;~i:ffa~~~~L~:~,1hifC~~·
·\ n1k. t~:~\'o~.·.~~~h ~~~: ·.,slJ::fH~· . §.~¢!1,&~!.t~:.~.hj inp":,:;,.~a: 9~\7d '~g~"· ¥~o
)¥ rli

f .th~~ :;frf~ij tro~g~ ili?t j~~~~~\i~A~~~1{:~)i~i~~i~p~J.IYt~~~·:d fo_h::~a :.cj ~

nan:g t?-o tf~h ,tJ:il.;l'.c rhi.:r:f8:n'g:>a:i:~JC1.ci.~n)~tp)ij~o. /Y,J)r,~y, c6
·...... · ~ ·• .. ··•··~·r· ..·. ·.v... ~:t: .•;!"~···t:t~: 1·~·"1·:'.:.:'1:-:·:··~.. ·:-'·"1.·~:.1:.!~:."~: ~ .•!~
1
.-.:.••

tijent'ep''l1b'~tf' ·"·-·l~:pha'ri:?ffoni: a~~;.,' '".~'h'.uc ;thi :Vao .cun er voi

.~. ~h~~~i{0i·6:¥.~: ....,:u:~~~~!~l~h~.~r.~~~;,;:;w·;,~~r·:o:·.l.'..f.'l.~ -~:·:.: .;·:~' . :,.
Phan ti'.ch cl:'Jnh' :sa¢l'{ti·uoc va:·irau·khi thtrc hieu Mu
quan trc,mg nhu nh~~._ chit·i~~~g::pu~'. t~~rr:::pn:~Ii·'·irck'.~~-auyc
cung. cet
•·'··~~· .•
va J;iqa~· Ui.i~n~:b.~f·;Bl?-iP..
·••::,.'1 . :...
1· ,<·.~.:--.;..1.:t;
,-:.".'i':'it::.,4
d~K.saµ,;lch~Jrt.lfc,.f!~~!l·:'Vi~c
:.~:;.;,~:
... :.;.;.•.; .. :;:,. ··:·,.,.: .. -r ... :-:'". ...... .""':.'
·J·;· ... 'I •

.ttrifrt\ c,ac ,,ng"4~e:r). ·. tt1ti,~'&- ;~n~~t".l?fti ;p:~~ !·GAIA'~ ;&ar;~t:Ja. .c,:.o . ~o cho

'•I
·;;~~'.'.':¥~~~~~~~~f,:~~~t~Ji~irih :~:h. c6.· thi
: · .· Tpm 1~~~~:~~.~:~~.t l;l.9"~f,g¢n~(J~h.~9:.;~1~~.$.h.~?-nha.u thl)::o
'': :µ!fti~g'.~~:t;:·. 4i¢KJ~h~¢''d~~u:va. ~~~.,:pliuf'.~g'.p~ap llj? ch9n cho
· . t~ri:g.1o~~h.O'~fJ~A,~~::ph.:~-h·:rr~h, curls 1ch&e"~haµ.

181
-·
 4.1. Ph~ang"Ph~p:·p.it~n tfoll ·the~·m.oJ'lhih ·
. .. . ·. . .. :_ . ..~~: . ...
Phtrdng ph~p phttn· tf<;;h ·theo" rtit:thlnh.la: ptj.uqng:.:BM-P
phan t.fch · d~a tr~n·ng-~ye'ri:.i~c··kiy;d~ng.~.ac.m())il~h chfoh
sfrcfr·ceng: -~-·. --~- ---. "'";~'- .....:". ·· •···· · . ,.."··· · ··:· ·.- ····· ....-
.- Mo 'hlnh la sif.. ~ri'ru tuqng· boa, mo· pliorrg ·hoa·~iing van
de·c.an,.:phazr tkn. Gq,J~·b:~i.tlii:fq·taqua ph~c·:~p;~¢~0. ~en cac
nha phan tfch d~dua ra,t:ac··r1l9·h1I:'J1d~1~m,cfon giairhoa ~I;!
1
• phuc t<):p d1a n6.
vr a1,1, ban a6 .~hanh pho ha~c 'ban: .thi~tJ<e- m(!t ~hi'ec
may bay,· 10an .thiet .k€ m~u m¢t ngoi. nh~ . dugc· coi 1a cac m6 ·"
hlnh thgc ti~n. Nhln.·vao· hard~i~i ~~. ngt..l'.ftl' :ta <::6 tb.~ hlnh
··aung ra klch .thu6c, hfofi·):i(ri~ . vii' ld~u ~.~ch. ciia ohitbm!y.
bay ho~c nga1:n}1~ ~e dttgc Jtiy·<;l.~g.
.. ....uhfui
. co rat rthiei.i de mo. 'h:'inh . tfoh .·chfnh
... sach;
.· s~u day
ta mt?t so cac. phJ~gpbfip ph.a.ft.tl:Ch·theo· m.o:hinh phd bien
Ihtrbn.g.hay ol!qC SU d\\ng tr(;).ng· thl!C te:

4.1.1: Phu:<11ig phfzp.J6 tl~J ·

Phu~~ pq~p d~ th\.la::phti'.dng p.Mp ·~i~li·bayeactJ:t6ng
rin du~i cac ·9~n_g·cac bi~u;·ct6. va d6 ·thi khac nhail. Dayla·mt;>t !..
trong nhfrng phuqng pha,p p~an· tfch so li~u rat.ca bari:·vr dq, . t·
bi~u d·ifo b&ng d:S. tni !fi[ pfiai.tritn: kirth .te:t:r.9P'g· tirng· .thCti. k~
1~...rrio h1nh. gom-m¢~ h~.t.t9c1 ~tl}.c m.ng :cbi.m&d:d9 phattrMn
(M), tn}c hoanh chi .thai. gfi'\n (t),: d'1qng gap khtic (P) bi~u th! .. •·
.
,
Slf phat tz:i€n tltdOg trng vcrrhai chi.so do (hlnh 6;·1.).

. i
182
': ...
 . A
M·

)1%
.:~
.
(f.. .
r~

·iJ; • ;·~- .. ~; 1!'-' - .- : ..

~; •-'.•''>.
·;......

:~fr
.
'
~; · J1:ir~. ?.:1·, P~Jti.LR~P, k~µp
.....;.

·, ~ '..:·· ,• ~ .,<. ,\, •• ' ,,.. • •

.. ~··,N"~~Y.. ~ay; -~.9r ~v:.i.a::~Pff! .g~a .iaong .ngP._§. may tfnh_, cac
i ;~
· ~~ir.~~~p,. S(5~: s9,·:~~h.~. .~.tj~i ,\;~~n.i,;;hl.n~ 1p~y ·:.c.ac·;tMn}~:,:q~·;rcri

.·~1~ . '
~t?t/rn;~~~)~f:9. ~~~:,~A. mt:P~e~$·'~ny{¥,~.~c:'.~r}?~ .~~Y ~-~F:'. re~~ng
.~~1~. ~~~-.. ~f?i$~1!:~e,~m<!;pg:::J..~;.,,~~pjili111?..g'fi$Uf?l:;:str::d~11~'. m9_~,..~lf
·::z:n~lf 'fit~t ·~tl:i·~~~,w~.s:ti.t{.~~c-.hti..IJ.'.l~'it:ach .b.i~u'lni~tl:+oniftWr dcroi
.. ·~ ...:~·· ,-.;7 :::.:·:,.·~···· ,. ·:~ ;,~':_?./\"' ·..-.~.:.;~t..''~\·"'"".. .. .
d· ,... . .. •
;,:·::.. : ·:!. .: :: ....
.J .hlnn. thu.c"· ·b1eu•.dcm . 01an · . . . . ... ... ., ·, ~-·::-: ...... · "' ··
·..:-; ..: : i:A;.{~~:;~·f~;;:~ .....fH::>~~·~·:~::-:·.·:. . . ~!?.~J ·.·.:l· ·· .. ·U : :· • • • • • • •• ~. : •

r. -.; .. M!?.t.::$4. Jp"~HctP.::.(bJ .•¥a~~ieu· I!P'f i:J:ri.ri;:tqg' :J1~y:· ·$:~ :c;I.~.~g-~J:a:

"(i
.~ ':
. ~' .'fa~v.:.g~·:iiin:h..:ir.M/bL~:u' ~p,.:aU:nliik~9ili~i~«;~~:'.b~Wg' t~f· ~@rn
:r~o<l '·!:!~~~ 1si~::P.1l~ri.\J?,§,'.r8:ji'.t~9~~~~~.bi~.1fi;i1q'i,fffofgt~ij,:.:;· ~·' " "':.·.-.
~ ~ l'' ~·•, •'f{JH > 'JI • •"'
0
• ' .. , • • ' ' • •" •' • • " t• ""' • •

• f . " \ , ,_:• ~~~I,··· ....!.:,,"~• ;j.,"':,p '':';.::..,..t.,.:~ :;A;:'~.f'J~;,.. :J ,.:i-(:•:..!'•; ~;;~•:': :, •,• _·,•::

•
.;.;~ ."::.·:J)::ong· ~q~~\tri~li ":PliAn:;:>,t@i;):#·-1.aqi.,,i!O: ·thi ¥a.: o·i.€u. do
,.• , 1,, • '• ,,.u , 0Jf1, ._;f..i,. >'• 0•1' .!,.,•f" o!\-~ ';." l I J I • •t ' t • •'' I ' ''

lu91t·49Jii: 4JQ"t:·~afittf~~~. . rr.~~g}ro~~· v.1~.c.-_n.~g·r,:ao.-:~ha'.r

.Jr;tgitg)pp~n, . .ti¢h~"<q~~4.. "trfnh: \pl~.~ ·~rc.kJi~~·u a6: '.b,,ao -gom. ·c~c
.f: . hixac:cnu· ·'-'eirsau:.~< .. · . -. ~ ·· · · · ·
.. . . .. • ;1,- ..... ,
·· . · . •
Tt .
'(. ··.J3r{fl~}.: ·1.:t1J1<.dv:ng i_id:.ihµylt .
. ,.. :~. . ·.:. ~·.:. ~. : ~:~:.-··>:.~~<.-~~·:· ~.\.. ::;,~:~. ::·~··.~.·?.
·~ . -"'
.
'. ·' ,.....·-. ..
·~·
1_".
. '· O.~:a .. t}lti:y.~t:·:,v,~".'.~,!p::k)lang .. d~n,h··yie,:·:tnJ:U quan. hit; g1ua '~.ac

t
~
·
. ;,· ~n~i n1~·ni:. 'Y~fr dti:4qt~:~c;ir::;if.~'kay· d.!Jdg gia.~huyei fa"phai
'
1· 133
·1··
J<h~ng d!nli ;~ng h~i kh~:rri'i~nt.(J;rilj f:~itcrng)~ <::6 rpoi JlenJh~:·'~.
·d~~ bl~t vcri .nh.au.-.Thtrcrng thl _d_C:· gH: thuyC.t dtic;t.c X:~y d1,rng_ .
t-heo cono: th'1k "X" Ja n·au.}rerl: nna.h;tian.ain : Y : 11 11

-···-·- .•..•.b ........ ·:·:··- ......l:l_ ····~ - •• ·-· ' .. :.:_·.: .- .

• ' :
• '
•
•
·
•
• ••
:·· L:

D~ -d~ hlnh .. dung .xin: Jy giai b~ng: m.9i· ·vi :d~ c.t,t the.
·ching i;t~n. ·hi~h-.-nay m.¢LtroJ:lg·_~hi!t,ng,yi.ri'<t~:bii'c xuc-dia gac
do thi lcrn. la khong· cung ·cifp. d:ri nhi ~:·cho c¢ng de5n-g:dan.cu. ·
Vi v~y. gia th11~ ~nha t.b:u,ong rat t~o~. dia si'r thanll ph6 M.~t
Tr0i dang ·phM dung ;trrro~ i;6-0t quy~t dinh.:ll)'a. chg~- ia, c6' .n~n ·.·
.x.~y ~gngJhe~ ;9ac.I.&u· ~huiig·:~1r d!. t:lh\lc·v~ ctd 1!~.unz: ctc;i·
tugng co rhu nh~pthap·:k:li9ng?-° h'o~c:'co:·neri tnt p~p.·~ifa ihue: ·
nha cho meyno- doi'foqn:g cothu nMP. trrat:i".khong? ·arl.~ir ca:c
nh8: phan t!ch phai tf~n hanh·phan tfC:4 v'1t d~ nay~ .Tfong: thl!c ,
te, co thi! van. dt! nay chi anh hiicthg de'.a thu: tfilp eua.m¢t s6
nh6m doi nrgng hhat alnh va .thi b in¢t s6 dia l:ia~ diin·cu nhilt
d~nh. De thgc hi~i;t nhi~m' :vv. ·ti:en·, ·de· .nh~· plian. t1ch phi'li thu .
th~p s6 !i~u ve. tong. tliu 1 iih~p· Mng.·nam ~ira cac h¢ gia dlnh
ph~i thue nha C! va t6ng ·chi phi ma: b9.phai thi fra cho vi~c
_thue nha Mng n.am. Cac nna phan- tfch :phai:ki~m ~a Rha:nang
cung cap nh.a: a cho cac d6i tt(grig· can. thu~ nha 0 thanh. pho
M~t Trcri. H9 se d~t gia. thuyet :r§.r1g da. ·so cac h·9·· gia d1nh
thtrang phai: chi ~5% trong t6~g ~6 thu nh;p ci'.ia h\>' d~ tra cho
vi~c thue nha o, tuy nhi~n· con s6 ·n~y c6 ·ihl :th~y dcii ruy
thuo.c ...,a,o 2~Ic nh6m: nfil tfrd1rg c9 thu:· t.t!ia-p Gaebo·a~·thu n-h!!.:p .
thap. Neu khong d~t ra .~fa.fhuye(nay thl.nh'~ ph-an.\ich:kh6~g
th~ ttiy~n bo"y d!nh= v~ vi'~e ve db"th~. ·
B11ftc 2. L¥a ch9n h~ do.lzdmg
Tnroc khi ve.:-cto tht dn ph;a:i xa'c d!n;h ,ciic ·cong c1:1 do
rt.rang~ Van vai vi d!J. treµ, clc nha phmrtich. c6 thK [i.i6u di'i!n
b~ng bi~u d6 phaJl bo rat'.r~c je tong 'cm phr n:a cn:o. dich vi;i

·'
1E4
 -·~; .•. ..

rhu.e nha so ·vttt°f6iig: .rliii ifhip:~Ma·mof:·~~"g~a·~d1n.li..u~ ·tr!nh

hay Ioq,i do rh! nay s.e:.t,on~·dfr :iJf!ieµ\th. Ct.i·g~.a,n,~.iihat:;I~ ~tioi gian
cha vi~c xu If eadhql}g}.i~ ~h6J9h~~~~gq£::~-~-P;:~.~p). D~ khic .
• '.i··· t 1• .... ,. '~· t'" i . .• . , ..\, ~-t,., ~.::.4\'.• ...:\. -.; ... ..,,,•: •.

ph9c·:d·i~~ ...~a.y;: ·@.C. :TI'H·a:~·pn~n· Jf~'f({co···tlj~-·.ki~ffi

xra gia ·.dinh
~li:~;g;·.·~~~~~.P~ o~~t .s.3'.n:~u .1.P~f·h~i, trrc ~a -nhuqg so li~u· <la
.flw;tc .tg,g~9::~9P ~~~n~~1.~J!ll
·. · .· · ca:·.·
VLdu;. -~~.' ··" th·~ d.·e: b'1e~u

:~~~~;'iti6i~·j;t~ef,;. t6:~ :~; ~~1~

.d~rih.cho ·Y.~rc t~u~ µh:a; . ·.. . '.·r: .e·o:q.i.ty t.!'&c duqc .ve ..
~~n··tq,1c.iy) vaf1dng·t;ti:1tnh~p:C.ua:bac h9·gia dinh .Chien ct9c
I~p.- theo~·q:Uy· i.r(i.c. ~e',b tr~c ·x). =Neu nha phaq ti.ch lg.a ~hQn.
E~H~ .Ri~~-ShJ.~~~~;9;(~N.,P.~L~!m. ~~~w;t!W~<ph~A~µ~ _.ca.9: ·~? .gia
dmh·dµa1 .4·q.ng p~i,tn..tr~in sO--v(;i:tP,ng' 'thu· rih~p. cua.l:i9\va:'.con
so p~a11 :~~l:TI.i.<11~~.~~J~gq_,ip.i~u.: d.l~B.:Jf~ij ··.f:t.w:,·Y.; ·'[41; ~r.9~g_: :ttftti:ig

::~::~1111~!~~::~~;~1~,r~~b~
~.,.
Tom la1;,~ec hta: chon -~a.c.,.bieri:.so . tle chuan ·bu;:ho viec
• .: . .·:·:·1',.;·~~ r;:H·.:.:.::t-J:i...!'.·:·._ :.~'.!.. ~-.(·.· •..:._s-: ... ·1.~1·::_.~ .. ""'":·:·~r..,:·;:.-: .. ··· .::~.:.~· ... ~· ·> · ·.-.- : ··· ·
b1e.u d1~n .¢ac. P,o'-.tP:! .¢hfn:h.· Hi ...cach'.-thuc .&~· !i'an; khifch J~ang
ciep c.:~n v.~i ~~9~g::-t'~m~.t;~fl;;~id~d~~:-Y'(~f;j:;.;ic.\citf14~ :~6 tM cha
:c~µng ~a :ii~ay .:·t9 ·cq -c~~{#~:- t:96-,c;~.t~:?:rih. :phqJVf~r .Treri, quy

·--~~i~wr~~~W.i;~i~~t~~?:~~n~~~~:ij1~iri:~t:~t[d:.:;~a~~..
.>1<lia·ii'~nO':tt~:Pfr«a:1fihu:a·fr&·,M':ri11~(abfi'~1hin11·pn(rM#i·tr.ai
. ' ·:~:<: : .• :-~:-~. \f. ··.:.:~~,';'.-·:. ·•. ~
. • : J:.. . . ···~ ' .. . • ...
'. ·3.: :·T'. f.Lp,
B l({!.lf
.. '. h >aJ'
b. ' uO
~ •· r.·.
t1Zf. . .

1'ition. .bie·u·'~i{~~~: dirh!, frJ9.c her pilat ch9n td~i do .rhf se

. ~i'.t .q~~~g. Tiep .the:o ·ia.xc;ic d!nh cac kho~ng c~ch· ~h.fch hqp, ghi.
k:Y.h19.u; :va.~ilp xep so lit?u. C6 nhi6u io~i d61h~·lcha:c.nhau, va

185
 vi~c sir ~1;1ng h~i.4qa.cac"lo11:f.d6:.tfti '$.e:gi1Jp chp.cicdiha:p~~. . .
tich hqan thanl:i t6t -nhl;~rn vtic~:i ·mil:ih; v.r~n~; .dpi 'vat C,ac''s9.
li~u Ve van de cung cap nha ·'a 'c~a.tlia~h ph~ M~t Trai. n6i q
..... ".c6lb~
...--.tren ........ __ .....sir·--9*rig:.Il19t"s\)Ap~i.
.... -·- . ...
·:--:
do thi·nhtr.sau:
..·.:. ................. -· ·--·:·- __ ,..,
.... ~ ~:

* B.itv. 46 izi.1llz. n~an (!1ii:iJi.o.2)

Bnfu ti6afNH.m6N: <ZO cA'.u nXH sO- .
• "" - - .... ··-.,.-··-··--~--- ·-· ,, '-"··:;·--···-,.-....:..~.' ~' .••~. .' .... '"'G}~i:t~n ., .....,,.~···
:!.'9qu~2
·i;J~u~n:J ·
,Cfq'li~!l 4
· ~c~quJ!n 5
• .. · :. t:l:lt_U.~n 6
:: . '

:~qti~7

Hinh s~2. Dan so :cac qti~.~. c~~..thimh phti:fll!~t Tr.Cii"nam 2000

Ghi chUc ,. . - . , -. . . •
1: Dan:sfqu~n 1ohi~m3o%·t6ntJ'd&n.s6. toan itli!inh ppo
2: oan ~o·qu?n:2'tlli~rrl.1:So/o:l~.nir. dan ..s6 tcian·thanh pho·
~: o~n so qu~n .s.chiem·12%.t<S:i:i9"·dan ·!?tt(~~n~1hahh-ph6
4: Dan sO. qu?n 4 cfiiem l3% t6ng· dan so to~n.-ibanh.ph6
5: Dan so
qu~n 5 cl1i~m :12%. tcing dart .s:if~ciar.t tti'!!nh ph6 '
6: Dan so qu?n.,6.cni€m $o/~ rr5n9 d~.n so'loan th~nh phtl
7: _Dan 56. qu~ll1 i'cbJ~rn. 7°% J~ng dan s6 tCian:tl'ian.h pfo5
.
·s: Dan so qu·a:·n a::chi~m
. . ·2% t~ng. dan:56;tcian;th~nh
. . ... pno
.Bi~u· !16 hl~h trcm cho thiy·m61 s6:. Ii~µ .ct}. thl.se .chiem ·
bao nhieu pMri tr.am lro11~'. $Q tong· th~, v.f dt.i, ~li:ih :6.2 cho
thay Cl.an so cua. tirng qu~" chit!°m bii.o f!.hie.u ph!n-;,tram irong.
t6ng so dan t·oan tlianh ph6 M~t Treri. Hinh. t!on Ia. ht-n~ ra'.-t :
quen thu¢c v&i mQi ·ng11bi' va no ~Q th~ ch0.th~y S\1' khac nnau
'" ____
-
·
-
~
-
" . ·- ....... •-*••-· •• - "..

186
 '. ri(t rO !iOt ..qJUI "thP~g '* 1~
ti. pb<ln. (360
\1.¢1:··tµy\nbi~~::rt&t~bfefi<d~::111rih·'ttpii;:~i~t)11i1~il hgtr&i .se rift
~th.,,, <l.~Ot)~}'O_!'
;-
/ kh6 b.inh ·citi'~g:·4~4qc;.p'h~m·~Y.h.ci4Y;,m~'.~¢ua:moi:a1a ·ban tlfm ~u
r ~rq~gJh~.fr~faiS.~::··,~: :·. . . .~-- . ;- . . ·_ ' .; .. ' _ . .,.
I· ~ .·.·,
1
cf .......i.~.:1. ~·u1""i-- ......:.:...:.-:i-, ~i.,·.;, 7 •
= .... ·.··.~~
; · , :;.·.· • ~ • : •.• ••• . .:: ....

·! · · Y'.' *=iJiVii~i-1ihi'ii'.ki~ofC11b~h:·~~3) ... ,._

J. · ."d i·.t~tt t 'i ~;:7 ·.i."~,:(.(~~ Vi '.. i ~ : ;';,_,·:'._' r~· : ~ ! : !t' . ·· ·~"
! ... . · ./.·D.i?:. .;thL
~·:;.:.. .•.
hlnfo.1<:h6Lla
~:i1,;...·:·i\.~-.1~~n.:..J
·loafr.dckthi
..c;"'-":,:.. ::~;...,.,.t:.:..?:!~:.~:
....:...;.,:..... ...
tr.en: do ··.eacJ·vach .co be
~·:·:·~..:.~..: t"··1:t~·-:.;·...•.. ~. '1:"'\·~....... , ....·:· :.· ..••,.. .-:. :- ... •• •

:.· . :_rO.n·b:··;h'ana·~nh'aiJ.:'jiliiln . :·,chi~ii:&a6'i-lia£:nfrali::1t:a~ild<Y·rhi

; . '· ::· t~ !h~f.'.tlf.4,:f'.;·::;:.1r.1f~?; :1~~'"'"";~·"~.·-- ··;··; ~··~·" . ~,·: :: ·. .; ··:~·:;·,... :~·:····:·:
ria. •
, ". : ; y
i :. ..~ht.rop.· :d qf:t!!.R.!!$~Nff.'.S:W1A~:~all,f.: n.6.1 b~t d~c diem
j· ,.... T: . . ·.· a. .ifr~p:h,pti~;i'Y.i~~. T.r.pt;ihHiha:phan:~.tfoh co
~y ;·:·::!:~fi~!~s:~'.~» . . . . .)!~~1 ~~~fl,_g:£W~Jf.frig~~~~.iA:i:¥.~L~qp~:;:t/~ffy~.~h,-pho aa
1
! · Y.~P:~fi~u·"tfran] qµt:r§~!:~~~J&i::l~1e#~1sh8f:~M:·O:ilnh".6.;3). Do
j thj hlnld~Q6i·khqng .nntrng. ciin:g c·~p"th6ng tin ve.s6 lm;mg ma
"l ·con. :gi,~p ~ho ·JJ.m.rO'Lslr 9.J;i:!,l'.(5 ,;q:~:l;'l.4,;4u,p;g dµqc moi tcro~g quan
ty 1~ gifra cac coµ .so ctf:. i:h~ i1ay,

690.

'·. :,sq9: J
·· ,> · ::: ·;:/:lBff.
.'3.\JP .
.:~oo·
100.

Hm:1C'~:~,~f~~~i:~~llftti!:~·~ ~L<!n s,
. lill,}h 9::,3 .c~_<:.:Ah~r ,(f. _:t_~~:g,~.. P.J:16 ,Iyiey.1~ Tr:#.i ·.co rat ~hieu
l .-·
·lo~i.· diri:19c',.'.frhni·'s9;.:40
. . .'· . . "·" . . ...dan
•. .. . ·to'.c
.. .,
TtAy
.. Ja . dong ·t1hat .:co..ocwoe.
.~ ~ . ' . .

...
. .. .. . . ·;·~· .. '" t :
 ngttai) v~ d~rt t9t'.si L:daAt;'.nh~( (i:Q~QOO ngubi).... ·
. ____ --·- ~ *-f3ilit.d6
...
h~irJJ· ctie~clct/m·nk6,'(li'/J1h
. .
i;·;r-~ -:.:·
•;
... "

. Bi~u d6 bitng cac chain. n,ho·chrqc ·~it.d1;1ng·t~orig ti:{. nhtr

tr911g ttuang hqp d&.tht·lilnh ~kb.di. Ng6~rr.a;Jo_~t4.~. thl d.iY
c'On ·ctij:c 'bl~t.. '11]'.ii: 'dG.rii. fron,g; .ii:t!&ni~h~·::ae .tho~g tin dn
phai trfah bay. gom. ;r~t,~h~~~l. Jg~i .kh~t~· rthiu;J/f dt;:;thu. nh'~p
cua c~c h9 ·g·ia dlnh· t(~.. tfleo .~ern ·vi· ~iSrig Vi~t Na~ se bao ·
g6m rat nhi~u mire tit tha'p den'c~o~ •Strd\(ng ·lo'l~i_ct6 thi bftng
cac cham nho nay se mo ti duq.c Si/ 'phdng phu, da d~ng cua
cac rnii:c d~thu nh~p knac ~hau nay.. ·

45 .....,,.,,,....,.,.,,_,...;......,,
40 ~~,.........

3~ """"'"""""',..,.,..,,.
.' .
:·, .•. ~·! .... -· • •

:i}.·s;s h?.]i.a ~?h

.•
'O.··i.....;;==~==
o :·20& ·4<io~ : .~or» .. ~soo ..
Hinh 6.4; 'ffiu nh~1:fh~~~ca~ rih~rtt MJ~lai~lnh· ~ qu~n 5,
io~u't·th~ri~:p66,M~t 'liaf.n~n:t :woo ..
ffinh 6.4 cih.o· thii:;h~1-~u d6. bAng:'C.~c ,~ha~. nhli. da mo.t~;·
i:lttqc de trttl'c ·dlfthrt' :np¥p 'khac~J!~r~¢3:c~siif.ofu 'b.¢ gia ;
-dlrih-a-qu~.n:-5c~lran~_,plf6-M~ai. C(hh! noi :nh6m h¢ gia.
.• Hlnil ~.5~ S:~n.t!9!,19·Si;) IU<;'in~.h/?,gia c;'iinb 0 qu$n .5,
thimlfpn:Ei fy'j~t tr?Ji ~itriam. 1e10 Ci&:n . 20ilO
 ~- ......... - • • ...... -... ..... I!'......, ....,.., •iot:il • ..
. . ·.•

Tilt ca ca:c.10:µ.,do thi. can,: dugc)rllilli·b~y·:m{it,c'3.ch :chltiif

xac va hw~phap~ t1i!u. n~y :giUp nhfrng.11girerL$i! d1,1JJ.g::d6 th¥
Se 'khon·g CO St,£ hi~ti .nharn·V~.°nha. p~:dn,tlch c6 tlii' tf.a:l:~l Ca<;:
~a'_~ d&·ri~y isi~h·.n.gay.tq9;'40. :lto~t. mit)f: th~ng"sail'"d6'~ ·r-ti:~c: . ra,;· ·
Mn than m6i·dq t~i, ~·at~ h~tn.thua n¢i.clu.ng va iv . gHu._thkh
ch:o n6. Ch~ng ·h~n· nhll' ten g9!_ ·~~.?JD.6.iJo.~i~d&_th! cnng, •da
· rrfang· t~i m'9I ~'!.~if~i iil!eh~5 F~g.·v~~d~y.::i:H1. v.e· nhling ·gi' ma··
d6 th! mo ta. ten gQi .c~:a-c16·thi pnai. rigrur gQ'ri-~· d~ :nhav~ loi
Ci.ton dtr<;t.c S.IJ chtlf. cua ngitcri: sir..dyng.. cac·~kY· 'hi~u., ngu6n. va
foi chu thfoh, ngay thang 'Chti~n: bi i;:c(th~ gillp 'CUO 'n)gtror St( '
d v.r:ig co th~
t.1r1ra . ~Oi .dt, rtliMu c# cau ·~ai.
. Khi trlnh bay do· tht can chl.f y·rt/a «:h911. ty 1~ cht:> cac
.. f::.ong C.J.! c16,· luang-. ·l:jqi' vl .vr~c ·lga ch9n n·~Y -c6 .an}l h1:1'erng
.khcin.g nb:o tlen.c<i,t; .ket 111:?h '('~ tiqi µfiili ph~ . anh·ti'iii:·:d& th!4'
Khong n~ri gay .fin ttrgng b!ng ·Cacht~o ra' de dtiong qu~ d,oc
ho~c ~hung dinh qua. nhgn. M¢t trong nh~!f m9c: dfch cua
vi¢c sir dl!ng.:d6 thi Ui"r,nan:g ·J:#"'m¢t s1{hl~tt· 'l1i~t'd'd)' die~ Nha
phiin tfc'h sau khi silp: xep .*.ring cac so H~u, ichong n~·a chi
quan tam den ·vi~c kh~g ·dµ'ih :g,Hi thuyetdtra ra, ma·con can
phai dtra ra sv giai thlch t.hc .n·guoi d:Qc. Hay ·t'im :ra: .ahung
di8m cao nhat va th~p'.nbat V~ cllri CO Stf gm thfchol1g.p ly t~i
sa:o no .l~i nhr.r v~y~ Ngo~J ra, ciing,.c~~ ph<i.i xem X.et ca cac
di~m d.t nhau h0ac ... do.... sat lech
. Ion :nhat
. . co hai hoac nhieu· · ·
khi .
bi-e'n so ph~ thu¢c;.
4.1.2 .. Ph:zii!Jn$'.p1J.qp:j1td.1i ttch:bdng hie'u
t)~y cilng la ~'!.?'t k;y··th~~tph'ar1 ·H~h . .50 ji~u to ban va
q uan tr9ng; M~c· dU: ·vi~·bJ~p· h~ng bige. hiu ·hh;lr khong kh6,
nhung l'J,i khortg· d'e gl-d~: cbung ·co t~e: cun:g m9t h1c \itra th~

190
"··
•• ·.....«:.
 .,.,:. . -.,~?£4;ci·~:(faj~~F;~in:~i~'}g!J~ttl1~:tti;~igwg~Y:ct(rntrc thu nMr.
thap .nhar (cu 4DChOOOdftha·~g1:fr&;·~u:~n~g)!I~i:'f;~Ai chi phf enc
-~l~.c.thµ,A: h.li:~o;n~ng. ih~mf~~f<ii-1.~·:·ph~fl:.;tdn1.cao nhat so voi
·' · tilng rh u·rih~p .cua -~ 9 c36o/6):. ·
,,... .
J(fii'-.l]liom . c;ti.c:s\'.)-:Jf~ti~'vatnnau (;~hi phai~am bao yeu
. ~~: ..
.i;~µ,,,l;:°lJ9~g..irt,(l}g l~p ~l:f.(p_b.af.t,r~¢t19~., ·t~c·nr:'gi):rtt' Gae. nh~m. co
·&~ . St! ~fo~l 'if& i~n ii11au~· vLa~ &..bang· 6.7 se minhho~l c9 Jh~ Y.eU

·1~·
cau ijay ·:Q~lU' sar,1 ;: " . . '
. . "" ~· ....-···J•
·.... ·~ ~...'·
'. ,..':;,~·. ·.::·:"
' :

~ i.
'ff,'.,
..f~
..j-"
 .. Nfi?im ~o~hitl7.~nJnH~it .:: ~,: :. _: liJ~~'lf.>VfH~Hu:Ia~T.tdi.l(ii:.'ilfi.ati/. . . ··
Mac .thu tih~p 'tir sqct_Q.qQJ(oJen...:. ·:.Mqc.~thu'nij~p tfi,·300·'.2.~totrpsb.
.Mac.thu nh~p tcrAoo:, :~99·1J~D · Mltb·~llµ nh~P ~it2oi:l--3oo Os-0 ... ,f,*-
.•

Mac thu.nh?p·tJ'.f~Oo-usoYra:·· ......, . Mti~'.thti nl'l.~p tC:r'.3oo·usti tro

xuong . . . xuong ' . _...
Theo bang 6.7,. ac:¢td.c nh6m·lo~~ trli Ian nhaud.c co·n
~6 khong co st; trung f~p. vl;r~nh ·~ioi .giii'~ -Cac tnt!c tJiu nh~p
· duqc xac djnh ror~ilg~ Ca6·nh6mthr<;i~·:~&pxep r1it cM,tche va
. ""'
baa trum dui;rc tat c'a 'dtf ll~u. ·co s:iin: vi d~, ·nhom cl$ mtl'c thu
nh~p tu ·500 U$f) tra. lt'n' b:o~c nhorii c6 ·mire thu Iih~p .tir" 300
USD trb xuor}.g. · ··
T6~ l<ti. vi~c sff i1\tng.'.birt ci.'r m~(ki~u 46 Jhi l'\c;i~c baP;g,
bi~u naQ ciing· 1i rui.Wi :\fao ·yi~c'llnt :ia eadlft!iifo.:. giir quyat
van a~: Dfr hoan· th'anh :nh~~Pl v~ ·4ugc. g~~b.,· cat. rih~; phan ·tich ·
co th~ $tr d1,mg cac cto: tlii~ ·bang;·.bi~u nht! Ia m¢t co~g cij giao
tiep vdi npilb:S ng11bi khifo. ··
M~isl g¢/~lio vi~t; .19,p cac bdi1gv'd. bie'utt&·..
- Ten g<;>i cho cfic-do thlJio~c b~g bMu lan1sao vira tom
t~t dttqc nQ.-i':dting;v.a. vira:.d8:.:nbo~ . .
~ CtJ. tM· hoa .c~c ·bte'11 phi;{ thu.9e va e:a:c ·bi€n. kh6ng ph~ , .·
th'uo.C. . I . ' t
- Ghia ;Jho dl'i li~u,'tilan~:ca0 rili6m .chuyen bi~t. .· f·
. - sii d!f~g c~.c: nhol')) thOng: tfo. da· ~hia n.~o trong tnrbn& ' J
~:qp c6J).?,~, . ····· · · -""-'·.,·-······· ·· · ........ ··· · ·i
- 'J;'foh phlin tram<thee hfug:. _ngang bang JOO%, ·va dQc . ·
phfa dtrOi c¢t dQe· neu c6 s1,r-gi·&ttrucli~si5~1i~u.

-'
 .,.., ··. ..>...::' ...• .:.. ..

,f_::<· · : ~:::;:.·1110f g~~~ ;qtigc.:.~~p:~x~P.."~t(\~~i::.ii4!a"P;.h~~; ·rtr .du:P'i Jen

';:~: ''.f~~§.~.::~:1t1·1~~~;~~.~:<f~~t:;.~i; '.;.:;~ ; ,:~.~ : ~i~":·;i~· :~· :.: ~: . . . : .: . ·····.
. ·;r:.>. t'u-.;~·,:,"~~:.-~V.£f~<i·:f!!:t.~n
du.en."
1n;>ng"i::o;th~ .\S~p J{~P ·rtr"tra~··'qua. phai vii
· >!t:. "- . . . \i;;·· ·• .,
.,...,n:~ren.~,,,_
.. ·
:.. ;".-n:::1 »"·"'"
· · ·.:...
.. .....
... ·:· "··· · ~ .. ·
i'"',i·... ,.,, · ·

······- .

.i q· nuq~'.kiih.ififl.r?:ii ta ~i1i·~&ni::~f q·~:ng-p1:1~ .r~ :'.,'phan ifch

1,f.~ ch'Lp~L,,.: lai:1foh~'\O
",... ·c~tiada~·~i~:;My!i:'%l
..... . '.hk~/:s~''du
.-.... ; .. , '" (..~~ ..cum ttr
1
... , .... , ....... . . ::> ......

~ .~.'.pJ1~rjJt~liH.<ii3(¢lf;, chl~'pfu~T\icVsE;?,tl/;~:fe~v~"iY!gia:§~i'.a rh1 .'c1;1m

: ~~ rit:~~y::1~i a,~gc:gqi.itt.·>;a~nh·gia. i~:~n··~ ~M ,du,ia dung thl\~r
~. ngfr .~} d~-'hB~~fJti:::~l!!!:'~.~~·~~,'.11'.~i!,~~?~·~¢P;;4u~·tr~nli. phan ifch
r.•.
r.
4
·a ·~,.,,,.,,- !f!3;·~}.';9'9 'nh·-·
:::,,~;";::?-~;: · ·'· • · i:,.. · ·• .. i.. ..:so.$11.n
.tr.rl;g.::o.1:.~!'!J,1r;,1.1 ·· , .. h ···- "h'p:p_h'~:Y.??.
.·:·giµ.~5c._ '· 1gi:JC
· ''h1

f
· f:.
';~t2;x1~[fJ~.l~l\~~!:;~~;~.l1~f~~.~l~-~
. 1:1&;.thuc.\1.ti~rNchrnh ~~~ct'.'::d':ci':tht
:bnfrlh: sach d6'.dliC1c··i·e.rii :ta-.co

\
f.
4
tih~1;~:::~;~t;;~,~~~JJ.0:;cR,an~~i1~~~:~¢1
ll~o~g ~.:B.~.~·n:~iJ'.:~l+, tio>:i1¥.n~{~Mi~ ~ij·9;:y~·?c fl:fa ·~li9n ;tr-r~,i.r~· ~i¢n
! c~J::. A.~!'Q1:S]~9~'; ~'1a.:.~a2:Ct?-f!!hj:lh~.f :fr.0n.g . xa: hgl·.hi~n d~i. Vf
l dii,J<:hrtlung ·tr.fr6c::mot .loat cac';ltta.c;:hon.~nh'U'·cp:-:neil xay dt[ng

I ' :,;f ~~~~ef~~~~~~~~£~£~~~~~i~:~~i.:C~;::~:;

d\rrtg' ·mht . rh~m b~ illi"·'.\ii~n'''I{6~c m(}r m:rong d<'!i h9c· hay.
tf . -
Ii' kaonft~. thlChin.h p··1111' 'co th6 thoiig n.hilt cac y' 'lden. khii. p1ha.)I
· ~1· ~:· .
!\t
-
b~ng ca9u-n1yen bo r.~n.g.'C~illl~.phU .se dtJa,v.a.o ke't qt~.a'.IJ.
. · !t·•
~.·
l~("
 cuu ~hi· ph! va tq1 iihti~ dia cac: van ct~:tren ·4e r.a. ~ac .qu:y~i. : ·
• ,; I ', • •

djp,h.
rihu~g di~u. aa ·noi ·.O rr:~:n ~a :ih~hih~~ t~~Y .r.fing~:-1,~i.
Tir
fch.kinh J(la m.yc.Ji~~LHt~,.;fb.9ii..9_~YJ!QA(..Y.~J.!!¥~i1~n~::ht!~~g-
. cii!n Jqi fcit '·Iei n!i::fo·,ae:u .c~ ''th~:;tiefi: t~ no~ ·'dfr.efc•. '!tpµg ·~@rig ..
h9p. na,y, ti.ft .c~,~ae ~ir!':·~it(tng.'. clj~n;b. ·§_~ch,:Q~t1 :d._tt_qC: .~~~y#n "·
cic:H rh~nh m{lt· .mh hµ-'1illf 4tiY :~µit Ia . ti~n •.-f!lhiijiit-1:Wh· httang
· ··"ucn ·clJ'c ali?c.·':g91·1~:iC;1trc:&; toii.nilifng~aohJiirGriig:i§:y~~6il rli:~r-
nguon h,rc cua .chinh .'sach dJ.t11c: gQi la>-dhi. ·phi. :M~c .d~ .ihi~ .
· htr&ng c~a chfnh sachJa.ra); 4a:,~~irg1 s~~g chung'. deu .4tr(]G: th~: ''
'hi~n thong·,. qua .c~k anh hrlbtigj tfch' Ctfc··~a· C~C: ·ann htrahg,_gay. .
t6n that v~ kinh ie; Va m9t;khi tat c.8... c;fo al$ hiroti-g· d~ti duqc
chuy~n d6i thanh ti~rt thl nguyen. ul¢ lJ!a .cli1;m chllih la: Iva
chc;m phuong·an .rrao·qem. l~i Iqi' fch rortg 16'n nh~t. ·
Vf di;i. Chinh phii ~dang phiii thong. qm1 chi.ra,ng trlnh·
ld~m soat'. ltt. ·co 5 phu~g an xay dtfog· nhu sau: (bjnt6•·8):
,' . ' •,

,a·an~ ~6.~~ ~ac' 'j)h\!'.bng .~rf:co.ong u:r. ..·

. .. ;. :. . . . · .t:>cin..;V! Un.h: USO
II Phttcina. an Ilia chon.. Chi.plif · Thlethai-cro · .:Lctlich- 1: Hieu qua
I
I
- . • • .
. ··1µ}:fay ~: · · •··· · ·· ..
.0 J50.,000 :·· .0 ... ; .. 0
.. .fJ§p oe 1ti,opa 135;00.Q · t5,0QO: , .' 1;$
· ·Xay ci~p nho .2_{5;000 ~ 10.0.00 · ':;40.'.Q.QO :: 1,6
Xay. d?p trung binh
Xay d~p Ion · io.o.ooo · '. ~5.090 · . _11'5.oo:o · 1.15
Bang 6.8- cho.tha'.y~lo~.i:tdr,phtittng an· d~uJien·Jakh6ng
. lain gl nen lgi ich thu dm;:tc'ding la o, bO'a .phi.r<q!:ig_~;fi,:~q~ 'l~i
. deu co tf~h-l<ha thi vi chunu,t:> tl~u dem lai• l~i•
. ' l . fch '16~ ho'n
. chi.

194:
 ... ,. ·.,,.·
... ', -:,:_.~ .

. Tuy µhient ·-c~-c

' '
. µfia; pharr;
. : .... '""
. ·~ : "
rlrih.·,'bh;ihh:. sa~h: _14p;
..: .. ,,'. .. ...:' '~;;.
l~~~~i~s
..:: . .
' . . ;,-_·
·
·;.... .".:~ ~::: •,

~.~~~JR~~~-~~E;::p,,~or=a~Y~.:~~~=~:R.~e:~m'!~JJg;;,.··x~i·f:q.,;n.:.~ff~~­
ng·uM :tit"ngilyen.-xili'lm1l Vlec .ti c::icatfih V:u:c m·i. :fan sO. tigti'.y
hl~m-ch!t·ngttbi ~~t'ca:~·nh~ ·figh~ilritl mb: mi~··v~ytltrting
.c:~o .~~ .lJit? .bi~m Jqn:.1§.:.dfe.u: ki~n:khfen..ngrr~i ,ta chap :nh~n:.i:u.i.. .. .{. ,.
ro k~ di m~g s6ng. E>i~u ·r&Y'c.6· P.ghia:ia-~inn:m~ng c6 tne· ··
duqc Irrqng hoa bal ·c}j:i ·ph.i y te, ltrong· bong va: bao:.hiim-.t.ru
n~n. Bang each nh~ "thl,. nha .phan trch co giug chi :ra het
??-hfrn.g 'gia fri bfing'_'ti~n ·ci'ia thi phf.- lqi iih trong nglfn h~n v~
da.i"h~n.

4,2-.2~ .Nguyen tac chie'tlihau; ·.··

Day .la mQ.t tong n~tmg ri~uye:n tic qµa,n tti;>:ng -ctfo tuaii.
thu Ic:h1 srr. d~ng ·phu:dhg pha'.p ph&;n..ttch chi ph{.,. lc;ti rCh. Y,
·ttrcrng ·v~. vi~c· ·chl,~t ·kli~ti. ~don gifu )a· vl. qmt- t~lnli fh11c ·thl
· chfoh sach thucrng trai .qua mgt thO'i_'gian dai. ma m9t don~
.chi phI bo'ra .hOm nay· l'u~µ: c'6: gia ttf:cac»h<fri m{>t defog thu
dlTyC ·trong tudng la:i. D'o d6 m9i t~nh toan· chi phi - lc;ti ich
rucmg fol can duqc: dieu chinh theo gia hi¢n t~i trtr6'c khl so
sanh.
· Tien ·b~c•.ngii6rtlt;c, rhl nguyen 11.i'on lnoii' cft.rgc gia airih
la sir d1;1~g c~-fhi~u qu4; ..kh6n.g dtia·vao giai ··phcip n~y; rhl ·se-. -::
.du:a vac;; giai pqap kh~6 .. V1 v~y,. mQ.~ chi phi h~y lgi1ch deti
.tang tb,em th~ gia..tt!_.th(fi.tian. 1~i ~u~q~ e6ng cipai chf~1.
a~ do h.r&ng'S\I thay d6i,gfa,tt!· th:eo··ri~m"t1J,a~g. Nei.1 fai.sua;t. !·•
· ngan hang cho m9t khohi d~n giri l?l 8% ·m9t ~am, .~o n·ghia.
la 100 defog hOm nay, .g·ui vao n:gari liang, smJ. I riam nose c6 · .
_gia ~~£~~~n~ ~ir~ng ~or ·1 os. d~ng.__ _ . . .:·~J
Dieu ngttc;tc ·I~ Ia1 lOa dong <:hi pbf hay lqi ~ch cua ~~t" . .l
--.;i
196 ';9
J
 '.· .

.:;~rtam s·au chi ·tll'O'ti:g ·d~dng ·:v6i' lqO.·d9l}&.' ¢hi· phf tiC!~c !qi. fch
· bay g~fi· K~1i_ ci1fkien)qf:-.fch·'rhu ·ou§r::w::~9'r-:Mru _·phap me no
::th~c· h.l~n, c:~~·;t~ho 'f~hg :ludng·:ti~n Jrai:: tinb:Ja tinh ·cho wang
Jai. £?Tiu .4i{°b'i¢~~,t~i-~ch~~'.tAy. ;~·; :;ifgiii.-\~1iip-chua tri~n k11 ai .
. J~~ ¢6;:\!t#.!
cl;~t.::;;9 .P~nh:m~t'.:~ich hrtn::iY,: :.vai.:chi phi ·can·
·:~\"'Pr..'it:'ol!:~:.:·:,·;·i~:·;. ~.·.........:~{.:·:·:;-:::·~.' j.7-..Jii ''.,;.,_:::J...i.' )·::.11'.i?\"~:.·! .,.::~.::.·:· ~.
· · :·r.· .:.~·:::· 1 '· .. •
bO ra horn
·l,.. . ·!!{ 1
: '·na-Y; rgr'J~lf:d)!;la'eiittf.elt'''·fi'.~
·~~. :.:~" ·'t.">; .:;-.r.;:.i:~ ~·. :r.:-P~.';o;..,.,~ .•'airb:c~,-11
1,' ':' .. >'I!·'.,, H!'.~r..:{ &fa"fri:$!¢q i~L
;~1:i1 ·',~ @i. ·~..:::,v.e A /:'..;!{·:·•: "· :.: ·. •· ·

. .v.6i ·~~t.iiib~~.]j~~~hD~~o:a·a0ri~:~:~.€~- i~'h6n.g s1r dl}ng cha

giai pnap:.n~o~·-:ma 'thf ·g~i ·~~6 '.n'giln; hang . ~oi Jai suat ngan · ~..t,L"',.1.1 ! f';"":.·.: 'l.. • :~ ··"

hang.la, 8%Jnain thrsau ·m9t 'nam ·-se .c6 gia tri r~:
· · ·' · , ' •

· · too +..iQO';tJl';os :.::· 100 o +:6,o&)·

·:.... .:.:: '. 'I·'-~. ·• ...:.,;:.:...... ;·1-~ '·•.• ;;. :;.: .;·.. :/' .. j. ;." { " .

'D:~t f~i'suiti'9i~Ii ~~~~· ;i~iiJ~:~JJ~g~~:~~~gJ~ r (8%)

, :2H~:!~;;;;~i~tt~~~;~ftliOQ).
~,:· ~.- :";· .:,'~.-·.:t'.~'. ~.-·.' :·;' · ~· · ;.·~';,;:,}.:,~t;,~!"~~£J~;lt:r,~~1,~;·<· .
'.;.' \'·.,.:.;:_;..:.. .. .
,. . .
.·. .: ..
p. '.:f··. T.'
... •••.'...

t.~~ . . ·=-·~;;·'r ......./.·.;·:.. : ... ··: :

... ''~ . .,:. . ''""..' _;_·p(;;;':P~:~1:- ..
,,
. ... · ... H:"r
~~~ . di8~:i;:b.1.\lh i<;ti:lch v,V: ~qi ph~ <;:,uan nam sau..ve mile
·~~ :hi~n Jftii:,~~.:.8.~: t.~~-~p,;·~ari~>=w~~l ~~t; :v&i chi :P..hf phai dau
~:· ;v, , tll'·c~.o~.PtiNh.,~gliR.~Y:·g~cr;>gl~'·~~i.hi~n t~i .cua -!ql nh~~P .va chi
"
k~!; .:p~r~:y?~fJaf'.:s'i'1~,"·. '.- . . .. · ·
: ~· ;" : p -~'"-:1\1. 1
~~~· l·-·--
(1 + r)n

x;~:y: dt,rng ·m9t con cit.rang. Hc;ip

Vf-dy., co hai ,hqp dong
.dOng :can ·pnab'..4,~.l.,l ~1.($.100,.QQQ a6 xay. d\ro,g; 'nhu:ng Sau 7
j;:.::.
·rt:a,m sfrdt,fng ie p'~n tn_efn $}0;00.0 d~bao·dtrang; Hqp dong B
. ··.'
197
chi ctn d~u de. x!)";chfng; :Iihung tt.orig:·va'ng)O
ttr. $·1;s.000
narn sau.-thl mot ~am p!lit dau,·ttr :th~rn' SSOOO df h~?;-~~ol1$•.
Neu cy 1~.·chietlt:~~u la~7% th! nen.~\m.~h9n hqp·'d6rig .n1oJ.~··· ..
· . :·· Jhrqc, tie~· ph~qi'nh ·gi.~Jt:Lhi§n:.~~L~-~~- ·9.~i;P.~lt~~i~~i
d?u
i;1. ~ ... : ch0
.,,. h"'P. d,,.n.
•• • "! . .Q ·g A. . -· . : · · . .. ... .. '· · .
PccA> =100::000+. tQ.;?oo: .. _.:100;23d · -···
~--·-:-.•..·'i-·'·.. •· :~"°.-:":.t1·+9,0~)7·; "'.~.-'. --·· . ..,, ··-
Tilp the·o:. pha~ •.tinfr :g~a irl ,hr~n ·' t~i· .:c)la .ch iJihf nron~· .Jai ;
..
dau ·ttr chd hQp-: d~i:s Th~o co_n·g'.fhfr~ . Ci fren· ·1a co~ .
• · ·.. . .n= 10· .sooo . °' . . . .
Pqa) =75.000+ :Z:· .. ··. 'JO =J10.12S
. t=:I O+ 0,07) »
,.

Cuoi cling: so sanh chi·phi .z:ong hqp d&ng, ta . cu:a hai

tha'y ~qp d6ng B: c6 clii :P.M rorig ·lan· h~n hqp cMng A. BCii
v~y. nen·ltFa ch91Lh<;1J):d6ng:A. · . ·; . · ·
Vi~c lf!a ch{m: m¢t ty l~ ·lai. stf~t tlifch :ting'. .co til~.r y
nghfa i:at qtian' tr9ng,.:v1 ii6 seJic.d~ng· d.tn lgi !~h ho~c. chi.
~hf rong ciia mOi chfo:J;i, sach. Thtrbiig. tb1 !qi f i;:fr .fang xu . co
hucrng- gia tang'.qua mgt: kho·a.·ng ~hoi .gi?.n .clai, do..d9 rat c6 ni~ .
neu si'.r d\lng m¢tty I~ chiet khau cao hctn.se lam 'g1fu:Q dj .tfnh
kha thi cua nhO'ng. chlnh sach.dru h~n. Ngm;rdiµ,. sit d9pg n€u
m¢t ty 1~ chi~t 'Ith.au th!p ·hd1.'fs~·d~n ·d~n··mqt ket qua ia se co ..
rat nhieu cac giAf phap chfiih sach.dm:;tctho~g qua.. ...
Cik nha phan Heh 1chi ngh'itfo 'CW chi pll! - lqi fcb
thuong sir ditng cac... ~y 1~.kh§'.1,1
ba9 khic 'phau v~ IigucrLq_uye:t ·
dinh c,u61 c~ng xem ty.'i~ chief Jd!.au n~o duc;tc sir d1:1ng chfrih · ~
Ia Chinh phu.

. ...
 Tom lq.i, n~u chung t?-.nhlri 11M.n. y~~~ ho'}ch dlnh chinh
.'. .:.. ~Ash:..t~'h:ti~t.;:.q11(tt!iih~:B~~~~tt'V~.;~~p;f.~iJ.~f ~~t;.gi~ tri xu~g ·o()t
"! ··thfph,m.1n15, ph~{i':pha.n t~e.h chi. phf - lyi fch da .g¥ai quye!·Vfln
. de .nay b~ng c_~ch' qpy rat cac .gia rrJ rh_a~.~)tjQ~. phuont
ca
: 1;; t.dnh dan.·gr~n \le tf.hh hi~u· qua .kinh te ih~ki;.~9ii v! tien c¢.
~ ~1; ~Qi ~1! 1,,g~ ?.·h9n ;~hi~~: ~ac·h· ch~..co~ fa V~p?~~~::g,t:~~u-~t. ~~u
· :: va..y la .v.e ba~ i-C'.l.1~~ •. ph.uong ph;?.p. nay khqng .qui:i.:n ·tam np.1eu
.·:Ii- d~~ khf~,:.~~Ae;;;~h.i'.1i!J1;.,ttj ··t.rong .vi~c ho.~ch ·-d!t:in: chf.nh ·sach.
·~t'.'. ··· · : .. C.h:tt}.h. '.\~f.tlie:'.:ma~.itpng:;gi6i·;:t~µ(?pg ·~chf!ilf :t:r! "f.;ila xa h9i hi~n
.:r ~~i ~l _phuctng-•ph~p;~h~Y.:tuj.'"J~~i~rt'li~'!t-·j;i' quan m;mg nhtrng
··:1f .· ..q~y~_4ii~ ·N~~~4rt.~:~fig;phuang .ph~p nay m.¢t dch may .moc
·: · i~l;t~n 'tuy· se.d'ari·'d~11·.nhung. n<).rt g.iru. v~ .chfnh tri. Chfnh sach
. ~ vc;1i nr each l~..coI).g cg q,u~µ_ 1y ~ua_i.'{11~;.~uac kMng·ih~ Ii.hong
.:tl:'. d4m 1;>~6.:~\i;p~:·.~i~h~v~'::~~'Cdfrn~':f~(Vi v~y 1 _nguoi Hirn p_nan
'-l~ . .4;Heh _\:.a~. -~~~~J€,r,~9P.cac.__Y,~p t6 ~~~· tJf,.';yj:fj_:cac van de _co

:f') ~1~\~fi.~.tt~.,1~r1~lr~~~l~~g~p.
~· ~·;:::· ····'.tlf}.hg :~~~Y~·.q uy.~t~:ain:)t'.:;Ijiaµ;:(f:.a.J.:
1".''l •' ~···· }:.:.:t'·~J:.3r•"'·, ~ . •
••. :_; .... 't;\ ' ,.i•'.:"~{.f·'l;!J), ·,.: ~~·,
I
~.t. ;diq~1 p,;qay :,dqg: g tan
~.("':' ·~~'·,'.:.·l1:;,-! :,''
"\!!.\":· .. l, ,,
g::'P?,'ip
, ' ", •
s~chi
.,;· r= ,_: ,. · 1t:Q:..fatiof,'$0/ff"'. . cua·:tlnI-t.hu g): :v.e::,:tni.tc.',. C!i'at/phuong
~ ·. ... .. \ . . ~...~ . ··.. · :. :."·~~··i .·~d;r~~:\ .;Y.':. ..~;w~.~~~· . ~~--·· ,.j~ · t,;·~F.,.,~ ..~. :~:-...•. ·-:~ :-!: ., . : ·~

.. ;::.1":· · ·~~P. io:~j'..~89.VF1''.~f:V:.:: .,r~§'.;~~~r~~a·ij~!ii~-g~:P.~a£;·Jihan::trch chi

. t. ;·'pol: ~·TjiHcW~~::~t1p~-~~~'.(9.:#h.~.n)r..~a;I~:lf'.Ji,!],l~n• ~~· g!fng cay
. ·~- ··,;>gaji;er:(iirih iiia'.i:Fiie':Il,liiih':'fr~ii thiic:Q!.l:i$ilra J~ . cac:.·riM.·pMn rich
.\~ :, .', .. ,.:~(:~d;$~~ ~*:~h~a\{-&gt'lt:rl~;i®:~:X~.'.~ti~~f:#Jili_[r~~~h:~1Qt. sa
·~~ · 110 .t6ng;b.gp>cil.~t:c~c khii. 111rrlg::aifa:';r·~~~:~ift!icif~:qii!'.9\r. aoan ..
i
;~~:··
.'Th~g'.~o ·:o6.~tif~¥iKfi~ili~~j~~y·µi~&i~i:~:g.~~e.r
:gUra:fr~i··~~r· f~~-~hi;inla r:~i.~6.:'.hi~~~~ci,~t."-~h6~~: r~~o ·11i~m.
ct;!nh dung

il~l
•-:i"
·.~tf;·
199
 Ngitqi. . .
."'-·--<1~¥§..tl!@J.. .. __ , -·-~ ......:. ··-··-~ .~~....

... ... • ,i.

H<jiu qua tot

. H" , .,
. ~u·q'1a·~~u

Hinh .S.!t s·i:1 .do ci!y q.~ye't din fr m~u

N€u lf;l'a chc.;m slf .kh0.ng ~~o hi~m thi.bie"t truop ke't q~a
se Iii: trung b~nh~ Ntµ'lga ch9n sl,di~i.i linh:·rhl .5~ ctfha:i k6a
nang xay ra ~ho~c la .iira,qh:;cang:'ho~c: itihat -b~L bo·;do .. ngu6i
ra quyet d!nh pl;i~i :J>ie't·i4\f _di#n Jc~r ·q~· :~ua. ipO-L dii.u ra -de
tren co s'b. ;cfo, se l!fa· chQn· duqc. qtiy~i 4!iih · IJ nhat. ·Qua hgp
trlnh ur duy rtay: .co th6. ap dt,mg ~~~.qua t,rhih phan tfth c!Hnh
sach trong !:lieu. k1~n ·dt h~n ch€ .ve thcri giati .. Vf dQ.; Chfn.h
phii· dar)g dung tn.rac sy 'll;l'a 2h9n kt:ion'g· bi et c6 'nen thong qt.ia
chinh ·s~ch eat giam ·.thu~'.d6L v6i c~i:: khu· ·vqt ci'.i:a: khiu di. ~
khac pb1;1c tlnn tq.ng.t~uang- m~i dang c6 nguy c:c:t sa slit hay
!dit:in.a_?· f::v:"'-"'· <'r.t.3~
.,-~- ... - ., •.t;, • \ •"':-·u:.a.: .;:JU
6. JJ)) .
1
i.;t V-t .I.~ • .,

. Theo sd.d6 city ·4uyet dinh tu trai sang. phai, nguoL ra ·

quy.~t. ~!nn pbal. ·do(m~~ v~~ h:,tl s~:i~a. chc~11i} thong qu~ ch'fnh
lsach dt giam thu~ ho~c khong thong qua quyer djnh nay. D6i
·v6irn6i trrrong~hqpd!u.<i6~haikha•nang7c6 th~ x':ly l'a•.

200
 . ·..~H~~:~~ri~·v--_ ·"'J,
I .
::;, ·'i<~t. ~~a tot
-
("!)

. . ·~M.rig.gl~:m
. .... ··. · . . thuili
.. . .·· O.·
... B~.~~. .:.:a. . 1.. (·P· · 1_.J .

1·.··: ·,.,,. , ·:·"·· ,. ' :.·l<hOnG·philt trt$n.· •. KOt ~ua t6t (3)
~~-' .... ~~~~;~... .t · ·<~,,.fh-.v•~~··
v ..... ,,;•·. ..,,;;;; ..
~ :~r.~ ·-.t1·ig~:~:.,1<•t.qu~
. ....
•. · _ ._
tot ;(2i
f' . . ' "'" . .· 4>~~C,.J ; ;,:,. •.. ' ' .i
;. . :iNlt~?\.tii~~~·· _.. · . . :·.;: . . ,. ,.;".. . .,. ;_ ·: ·
·..: ·~::..i' ;·; :.:· ... ·.-.. :. i-i:6n~:ph'~t~tri~n.:... ;~~t q~.~·~a\:.;;i.hat (4

··-~.:.: . -.;.:-· .'. . :·:f:,: ·•.!·:. .. £:~~d·:;~.-~·~~·;~:~k~,·~~·,:_:?" ·:.:· . . . . '·•

Minh Q.10. Sei 4~ ca;··q~;€t'.~!~~--~i~t/fy.~1~tiyet octra 1c11iu
·. . :f/{i,r"?!~t:;·:·~~l . :d~7;~ ·.~(~~;~c·<l~:~·J~:·~i~: gh~m t~4e, rh1
;cfino-:c6 haf'kliahanCr. clau: iida;. - . .
'. ·~ ;:.. : ·~t~ .._·,~· :·: ;.:.·}:: <: ... ' .... · . ~ .. "" ?
. - '1-;.a:t,.:g~amJhue s~: t~e:·.n1::.~1p.pJJ.anri~n .(P.-}.
. .t1inhH~f~i·nB:tnh\;fi:ri::khona
.!'... Dat :tao .ra phat tritn ( l -
0
o .. ··.-;" - .. •'. 0 :. . . . . . . o ,. . . . .
.P2). : ••• -~! •

Thgc. 1·a,. c6 r~t ~1hi:eu khA nang c6 rh£ xh ra, sopg ad

q<;:tu gia:n hoa van qe clJ'Up.g ta· d~t:· gii· .cl1itr. clil ·co. ·b~n ·kh¥.
na;i:i.g d~u ra rih:tt . tteo. . Cifr: .kha n:ling·c6 th~ xay ra ay c6 ·tn.e

201
 'atrgc sap x:ep. trte<l' tn:frJ1! nn'i.r~sa:u·:· ·· -
. J ' ·'". ' .. ... . . ·. ' ·~ . " . ' ... ,.. 'f . . . ,·
L Ket qu~ d!u· ra·tt?t·::nhi!Ha khon:g·.~!n..guun Jh.ue" mf!.<
vli.n . co s.g· phat tri'6n. Z:ha·:nangaiay 'Vttaikho4g Ia¢ .itih ntt~g •.
.. -._ile~,;1Jgt!&JbE... ~~.'.S~E.~:~~Ph~i:.:~~~~~I~i ~t9ng: l~c· ~ho nin::
kinfr te .; xa hQi. ' . . . . --~·-· .. . .

2. Ketqu~ d~I,! ra ~ot.}hll' ~ii la co t~~lP..: ~_u~ t.11~ Jn.~Lt.1?-0

raSlf ph~t tnin. -f.r-ti~t,,g;}jqp :J1~.y-tll:y::t:6.~s!l.:P~h:f~~n . !1.~~.~
Chlnh·pM· .l~i phai. chtii g~tih· n~ng::tfo.'th~t tfof i6ri .tlr thuct.
3. Ket q~a. diu ta xep thU: ba Ia. ri~u khemg Iara .gl th1
ciing khOng t~ r:;t sv ph~~ .t~i~ri nao d.. ' .
4. Ket qua: dau ra . thu tir la ke:t .q1rii xau nhat, vl c~t giam
thue ma.v[n khOng tl!-O ra dirge sif phat.trii_n; kl'\Ong' lhlrt cho
tlnh hlnh -thirah~ ·m~i ·o. cik:khu vqc ci'.ra kh'ciu kQ.a I~n.
Khi phai darih gi~.m"t.quyet dinh ..naodothlde·u co th~
CO ~!$a nailg d'iiu _I'a .lll:uj: tren Va m9t khi. C:ac. nfdln t6··riay
· dtrqc xac dinh ·cv. tM: ffi.i ·vi~t l,)han tfcll quyet'dinh se la 'Cct s~
cho vi~c hra ch9n dtigc!,m(Jrquyet djnh-t6i nhift.
Tom l~i, tro·ng ca hai ·tnrcrng hc;rp dt gia~ thu~ . hay
.khong dt gia·m thu~.thl .d~u c6 hai khi nan,g khong cMc cHn ·
se xay ra. Cau :hOi d~t fa fr day la Ii;u co gl khac bi~r vt S\f
. ph8.t tri~n giil'a hai troang.hqp ,ay· kh6ng?·
r>-ay. Ia m~t ca.u :hPi q1:1aP, n:<;i.~g ID:~.- cac nha phan tfch din
p~M quan tarn· trong ·qua. ,tr1rih tiln Ji~h pb:lln tkh-. Cac nha
phan tfch kh6ng ·n~n:·chi ·t~p truhg v~o.y!nid~ cot l&i la co n~n r •
dt giam. thue 'd~ khtl:yr!-tl khfoQ pha1 r:t.i~n.-i<il6ng. ffia.. con pnai ~-

se .
can nhiic'~em n€u chinh'·sach tht1C:d.Ay.tho~s1f·phanri~n t6t I
i.
ditP thl li~u Ctiinh phu . se thu dm;rc· nhirng lgi ich gr va li~u chi:
I

i
.)
201
j .
J.
 -xa:c: ciinh ~fil phf c~r.gimu ~no ·cta~~I:a: (4) ...
.. .... .. .. . .. .Y.f.;~.~ ~g;~n~~Ji9,.!h~Y:d1g~~i.'.!!1ir-p£~ .,~is.~~c~n,J~haI c~~ ·~~
.~en tat ca
n~_fu:ig': gt Wi{;rrg};hil.c~chall;,.'~ht;f'·~~n~·:p~'af chi moi
yeu ~o li~n quan .d&'n v.t~·e::~ifgi:fui thi.t~,bs'..i~o l:a. $.1rpbat_tri~n
--~~r-:!~~~~;;~~. :. .:-c..--. -'·-····~···-· ·-~~.. :.~ -- --· - . '. ;• ·.
4.4. Phitwg phap ~pti~n tlch h~'th6~g. ·
' > M ' ' ~ •

·D~)1i~u duqc-':i_~bu&~g· ph~p:]hl.11.ti~h··h¢..rfiong; ti:'u6c h~t

...~

can phhl !u~ii l<liai>ni;m'h~ "iliong va~nh(tng.:ph~rrl'ttu: .c6 lien .".

. quan _detf If~ thong. ....

4.4:1.• Khai v.1.~·m v"a ·ililu .ki~n ,iQn. t{li',~ua: h~ th ting

. H~ .tli6n:g. l~ :th$t t~p. fr~ c4e ~~fui,_t{r' co litit: ·quan tilt
d¢ng qua-'lfJ.i vor nh~u :m~t c:~c~.c_6·quf1~,~t, i~o-thanh-rmj>t- th~··
thong rih:~i de co tM tlit;c .hi¢ri cim;tc. m¢t hay ·m9t s'6 eh!Ic
nang,.nhiem vu . nhat dinh~ ·
. Ttr ~al:ril~m ~hci:':th!y, ·m~t: h~ ib;6n~ b~r i<§'~udn. t6Q.
t~ican '.P,h~i c6 nhifug:.ditt(k.i:~h. chit y"c!u sat,i dA·y:. .
- Phai c::6. o:hie~ b¢·ph~P:Ji:~i;t.th,a~h ~ong..h~:th6ng;
- c~·c b¢.·ph~nh<1P'cliari.i:i c6'quari'.M: tac·dgngqtiaJ~i va
anh huorrcr l~ri nhau.
. . b .
..
. .
:• .
.
. .
.." . • .

-. Cic b9 Jih~n ·phil ket ·noi thatib, :xi19t t~~· t~6ng nh.€t,
n~u tach rcri uit khong t~o ra.silc m~h,d~·tht;rc:. hi~{r:cfoc;t<:: int;ic
tieu chung.
4.4.2. ·'Qua trin-k v:;.;;,-~;t~gtf!a.·if?:~hcng .....
. ..: . . ..
M6i m¢t. M.· th~i'J.g}t~µ n~m :t~ti~.~:9~ ~6j_,,qanh, ~qi
tnrong: rtha'.t dtrrh:''li45i fuicrD:g i! !B~'t(Jrify'"6ii·t~· ~~ri rig9~i -~~'.
thi?ng; co SJ! tac d.9ng anh ht!Oti.g. t~t.h~j~~tig y.a hO. cfing.~cb;iu
S'l.f. ta<: .d2r_ig ~JI .M· thong. 'loi chtnhc•Sa~hccO~gf'. ·moi-. truemg .

204
 . .
. ·'' ".....; · . . ·';:'.~ .~?,;·'i .:. ,;:":'· . : ;,.~_. iifi\, E~fr+3 ::·,;·; :.::.· , ....... ·1.::,
· y~n 'd.~ng:"Mil:\r#' I&· ·.d~6;:'y'eift<~ :w.rri;ti'.1~nll?i:nh·'.re'.; '.~httih ·:tr!-. ;~a
:' . . • .. 'N t·1·i~n·ciy·
1
;..o ~ h6i
~· _, hanh. . chlnh
. . i/v. u. 0 . €u~t"fi~·c!6ira'n·
. . :i::f;fiire1'·n~~-den··:ti6n
lU. b . . . I

~: · :iii:n~i:F~~n!1}sacll?&a.f.chi1n~,-.qij.rli5~<t.~iu;_~g ~;9,,dge,~1-Bq~M th6ng

~:( _.·;~~?E.f~~~~~2:·!·~~~g~~~i1;tgR~e}~·~ · ,, ·· ~~~/'L?g;~r-~~!.~d:n.~r
~< ,,tnenr. ·-',Ul.liY»•trr.,.u.uqct::stt.J.on:-t :1;,1.,1;:i.:U.¥l!.P .;;.r.a,.;

',
C).J.l

~· · ·~':1=~;~;~~~~ii~~~;~:~§;:.,;;;i"~:~"
.... . ... :v.~t·~~~:l:l:r;.;;.~h9n:g;:ti;!1wlao; dgng:, -~a,.Lcn1l;lh/J9:;chcrci1.4~eu, lj:~n.n.._..
, Cac. ·yeµ ''ta nay. dugc dira: d~µ~ Mu ·Yao :~~~· ;h;~~; ~~Q.{l:g:::ct(h¢
~~: t~o~g Xtr·ly;~ ch,ehierLnhfim.duy·trl:sl;( tont~i va phat 'tri~n cua
~- 'h~· t40ng·: ·· . .
~::· .
. .. ·nau. ra :t'ua;.chfoh .sach iaJc€r:qu;a· cihi! 'bi.en nhung yeu 16 .
.oaif·v.aci:eiia. h~· thoi.J.g, ~~(} pqng fon,,~.~aG 'doi WQ'ng chfnh sach.
·'·'B.9~:8h_t~~.-~1~l1c:~t;~-~'.~-9u~;::v~~-5""~~~~:~~~}~~~Ii~~¥~??-.·c~ng. ·
4,.'f.3. f(iµ (izpig plif?lrt2i:f}lii~pfJ{{'iii;d.#i·;iV.~'1·ph'im ·ttch
·:_:~' :·qli,f~;~:~~~~~·:;~:~Fi:~~:;' :i;£~j j~l:~~\t.· i;t.t~·h~,~-}!~~':.~:.:;:~ii;}· .s;t~."~ '.,~· lf'.:. :. ·.
: • ... ,;'.·8 :"NJi'.Fsu·ctiiil~l' -P,hfrdng"~pli~-P· :pfiatf°~:ftC!tM~tnon·O''-ca:n cM <;
denba:·tf~h chki:~q~~q:ciik.~:~·:th~tl~;iif .;ti::-~i/'::·. ·:.~.··.:::'.;;~: .•
. : .... ·, ?:ei'e'·:nh!n::,tU-
.
tfon.o-:.:he't;11·1···0·":~0:'}i:en·:~J-1.et"·~va'
.r ... .,. .. . .
·r·~ancr tac viJi•
.1.:1. ·• ••· '.!. ·""b·~· . -··· · ".· .......... o

~fyau th~ci'·h~ 11:h'~~gu.a. ±:Heu naz~(~6}}$.h,t!?,·.~'.~·~i:;~.~.t~~ :~?ng

c4a.,mp_t.hay. ,i:n6 . s:6'i' ·phan·r.'t't,d~uJceo lheo .su:thay .doi cua cac
• ·,!: •• ~:·.~~.:.,· '¢·~·~;·.!'' ~·;i ~·~·=
O : • .:;:..i.: • ..f.,d:i!:· •:\~~.{~ 1.·:: l-,'/~' '.i_ ..:;,~::·~~! -:'.f:t':~:_:;J .' !.:M' - ,t'~ -~.~· ~:.
.. • • ... ~
.phan·tu \'.!Cm l<t.J:~:',... , ·:dgng;n~y •co ;t:li:ti~l'J!C'Jrep ho~c-.gian tlep.
... ·. ;. .J~~~m.:~4?~9..;~?·i::mS.~J~;?W.~~:-~*'p]f,~.:1·~·.;~ql':~~~-g ·_nh~
·. t1i~m",li'o~cJ:i6.rh19~''hifl~c-.rri<;»f:S§::.quarr"M ''gilfa: ·:cac'.phan m cc
sa'.µ .cilng. ·s~~,-1\:~Ei'·thb:ci.: 'ri{9i sifrh~y~'·ct~{iac "qli~n ·ii¢ ·~on· I~i gi\ra
c:ac;
.
phan
:. ·:
:rll:-khic.
T:fgh ''rr9i 1' c:il?. h~ :tb:cfog {hieµ :hi~n qu~· phep bl~n ch1fag
ye sg thay ,(6i l,µqng' :t'tlaqJ1 c~~t)' di.rqc. h1~h· t~anh ci:t ·nhi.i:ng
 m6i qua°: h~ bett~:trong. Cac·~phlitJ: tu~,co µif rat khiic ,nhau, '
nhung·kh.i h<;tp thrulh h~ th.oii'{hH:~,o neit ci~rslf.~h6n~' nli!t v~
co tfnh ·drat mui. khac U'.nh-chat cua cii~ p~fu tu. Tit day ~uy ·.ra
n#u l:iiet ~et hgp dung ·dan cac pli~p. t~ trong khi :xfty ·d!filg h~
ib:6ng th1 'cot hl tij:o ri!n m¢i sU:c m·~n~h·rn¢i;'khbtjg :chi phep
.c;¢_ng. m,aJ.a J:~~~g ph~? ·nhan... · · · .· ·
........ ·v~nji,JJ.tig _g~i;,....4~~~tlnb· ·~en,:vaq ..qua -t.dnh "h~~cl:i .d!nh
chfoh sac~~ chrlng "ht: tb'(y.:lcl{i-<lii"~~ar;:.iMF: ciµQh :.scfch ·rii<Ji.
Vaa 'h~ thong ch4th S~t:h .hi~n··ha~b co· tli6 lam tii;ffg;.hi~ti l\t'~
cua toa!1 b¢ cac chin~ .Sach. M~t kbac. :n€u Xa·y :a.\[ng chfoh
sach ma thieu tinh M thong th! chfnh ;Sach th~ mau mar.co
thu~n vcri c:ic chfnh sacn ·hl~n hanh va gay, them.kh6' khan cho
cong tac quan ly. .
"
~

CAU
.. ., .. CHUONG
. ' .~ .~

. HOlTHAO
. . . . LUAN
·' .. 6 . ' .

<::au .1: Anh .fohD:Jiay trln::~ :bay· nhung Iy do ·,lga· ch9h

·phuong pMp :P~afl. tich,.¢11~h~fic4~ · : ' · · . ;,
Cau .2. Ciic.ph:u®g pp.3.p phlin t!~h· chfnh .sach'duqc.l\{a .
ch9n va sir .dyng .ttert .ccr sg 'ltjJoa h9c· ·nao? Hay phftn tfc;h ·
nhfrng ce so ~oa h9c-.d6. · ·
Cau' 3. Ti:1nh bay chtrc niihg,. tac dr;mg cua Gae phuctng .
. phap phan tich ..Chfol'i sach. . . . '.
.Cau·4. Theo~~ (chi} gi~a:cac pl;tuoilg·:phap do co m6i
ouan M e:l vdi nhau 'trong: 'a.Lia ttfoh 'Sir a;umr .
.. ·- .. - • • ..... J. . .' .. """·· • '

Cau $.. Trong th!Jc·t€:anh:(.ChDdts·tr,di,tttg,plitrong pha.p.

·nao de phan. t1ch,.. d~rlh·.gi~ chfoh .sach?. Hay cho bi~t k~t·qua
su d~ng phuctng pMp ct9..
206
·. 1 Milan. Mur;ipr~· Tieu c.i~t;a quyei dfo.h,.New York: Mc Oraw -·Hilt. 1982.
p.1.7.

207
. lhe·o:·m¢t ·thit;;t\l' µti, t1ei.: B1~,U nay .to.,;nghi~ l~:pad:ml;J.C.:11~\;~ ..
cac giaf"pha,p. d·trQc .pha~.-~rth. tn6tig0::.q~.~:cal? ·tI~t(~ht tjc tr~.t(
. chl l~i 4iic;te cij th~ ho~ 'boi .c'~c cWrlg "c~··,do' Ji±~ng,:·nhif. .th.C1f
gi~n •. kMn·g gi~n. '.~d11}'~i,Y~f...~~!t.... .
Nh l~ • ~ 'b",; d.,,. '
. -~~--lf-Y!Y..::.!...f!~UHOU!L.J.;.11;.:""".Q!)!!_fP.P,.~.:.d'
.. lCh, I;UJJ~ ..t'•·. ·-
l~!:h._ .~ ,_
den t.ieu·chf v~-ete·:c6ng' cy-.:~lo''.fµfui;g; t!a:y 1~·qui1 trlnh cnuyeil
a6i t.tt g6c ·:dft:rtrii tti~g)?frria#}r tfnh·d~nh· huong sarjg ga·p 7..... ....
dQ Cl} th6· rnang tlnh cbi-d'an. .,. . . ., ~

Cac m~lC dich la;. nh~v.s: tµy~~ p():Jmai q.u~~. Ve ,nJliing gl : :>

ma chfnh sach mong mu9n cl~ di.t~a- trcing mqt kho~ng the# !!
~and~. · · · · · .!
't

... Cac ml.Jc tieu..la. 11'.hi:fng ruyen :b&c~ tlie, cQ:·~he .cfo: Itrol').g· .Ii
dtrqc ve· rihllr,l:g. tht.i'.\h.:s~~lt•mdng ZnllQD ·d~t O:UQC VaO m¢t
gl i
thai di~m nh~fd!ilh. . . '. ·1
{
'Neu Cllf. I! ~a:c: ·moc tieu. ~huin.:d~ danh g.ia C~(; chfnh
sacti . lga CQQ~ Iihti' :cf.ii ·phf, lqi fch,. hi§u llfc;. sg; blnh d~ng va
trnh that diem v~.v~ ..
l
Cong cv do lu~1g Ja rihnrig ·d~t It1,¢ng lligng. hoa.• ·c1;1 the
hoa ..-ca.~·
. . tieu ch!.
.
M6i'm~ftieu
. .•. . ...
.:,, ~'
ch"f - .thtdttcic
.. .c6 . ..... ...d6. .hrang.
~ . Mng.
·:·
nhieu. t:6ng..cl;l khac·:.Jihati~ ·cac
cong: cyAio~lticr~g, gh1p cho cifo
nha phiin. tich co th.~ ,so··sanh· cac: v~·a~ chfnh' ,sach giOng
va
nhai.J. qua m¢t khoang then g~an ·kb:6ng gian kh.~c nhau, co '
~t_

tM so sanhxem aae e-Mnh ,.sifuh h.ra. -cfron. di ·tnok ml'.n cac tieu
~hi de.;a ain ~uc-~io.. ,. ·· ' ' ··
De lninh ho~ ·cho d.~ k.luit· ~i~m, tren iin neu ra.d.ay ,m(jt

-~- Edward.-M.--Btacloek-.·J~.;;-'l'h.d'ng·kf-xa h'Qi; New York: Mc-Graw • Hff\;;

1979, p.!2.

"l'\0
..:;v.o -'~
~
·~
 ,:,

~?i!l 'CU: :vao. t~~u cJti,:~c~c Ab}:.,ph~:t~ tfoh,.h~:~t. 4µgc l~hi nao
Jli~. ::{an~~? ,9e: ~~~9~1~~~: ~~Y.~t~ ~~ :p;~ci: m¢t. cl}ip~ sach hqp Iy
da·:~.~YA~M
. . '•
i<oJ1i1
~ ..
Can. ctf:vao tieu chi, ·nlfli; phan tioh ·c6. th~ so. ~ll:nh. dugc
ca~ :~huan,(#n: ?fl.fo.h srfoli ·a~ tt1nh ·a~ <lu:a i;a IP'i lchuy~n nghi
l!:ra. chQ;n tot.nir~t; .. ·

209
 .• :"" '! ...

Cac tieu. clif dugc ·xern nhtt cic•qtiy t[c;::.:b~t bug.c ·phfil·
tuan thu, do d6' no giup cho· cac nha :pfran· tfcn· trahh 'di.r@'d ·
nhfrng :;iJ'. chi pho1 ho~c drtr «1~· troqg :q:i.ta trlnh x~y ·agng· ·~a.
·llf() ·~hQnpk."phU'dng ari chinh sahh. . ., .. ,'
Cac tieu. chi: cung· vcri .h~ ct'ing c~ ao lucrrig gi(lp, pho cac
nh:a.phan, rfch ·x~c dlnh-ro .~ac·g¥aJ~kc~~ml}t,;;dtch va--cac.
fu(tc tfeu ~'i'hi rili6m doi:ttfgng chi:U!.~i)'.~iit~·d¢ngc~:a chirrh sach-
lva. chc;m, i6c.clfrtli r~·nhmtg ke'.t .
qua.dAfr radiamlii giai. phap.
~

Cuc tieu chl thubng "dttqc sir d9ng. J~ongAm.Lttinh :ph;M

.
...
tic.h rn.: chi phf1 lqi. foh 1 hi¢i.1 lt!C, hi~u· qu·a, tfah 'C6ng· 'bii.n;g;
tfnh thu~;i ti:~~; tfoh ·hgp :phap va ffnh 6n: 'dirih :v~ m~t chinh
trj·... Dga vao cac l:ie'u· chi' ·ma ·nha .plian tkh c6. th«i· bl'et dttqc·
giai ph~p nao 66 phf thap nhalj"giai ph!p n~o co nnftng h~p;
che v~ nguon thl chfIJh; ,glai p!l'~p nao .mang .l~i lgi fch. rong.
ton ·nhflt; ho~c gJili ph~p thl mang' J~f lqj: f(:h cho, tn9.t s.6 C<l;
nMn va nh6ni c¢ng·d(fog,rray nhtrrig l;~i- glly: thi~t'~h~Lhok Mu
qua xau ch.o tn¢t so¢~ nhAn :v~.n!iO;m,·'cgng; d6n_g. khac; giiH
phap nao.kho ~~tt.c.hi~n hon va·:co g:f~i. phap '.yeu·cau -nhieu ky
nang hanh chinh va thoi g_i~·thlji;: hi~h :'tau: h~n ...
Nhu v~y I.a cac tieu chi di° thi;rc.·sv trC! ~Hanh: can cu d{
xay dtfng, danh gia va llja ch<;m dtlqc gi'~1 phap. hgp ly .nhar,
tJic la giai. phap thoa man c:kml}C ti~li de ra cua·chJnh·sach.

2. YEti ci\u tHtET L~P ¢Ac ".rlEU cfI-f PHAN tfcH ·

2.i. Xac d]nh ·~a~ tleu CiH,trQng tarn
Cac ti~u ciht thuO'~ Jt 'ldiJ c°d sq .b1nh diri~ v&i 1,!h<fa, ··'."1
the·cu~ rtha phan ,tich ~~ '~hli xac d.fnh d\tqc nhurtg fieu chf

210
 ·.:.
• I '' • : . ' ,(. ;. • •. :;·_:.••

. Ciinh .sat._:gi~6·.:th6I?:g:ya··cac 'qua;n-.thuc'cao. c~p. .khoi.\g: .

.,__ .. -~~fin~. Itu~ :t~~~~~;~~j~e~~)~iQ'.:~.~t~ti~~·;~~~~·~-?~;.~~~~:~
deh m9t ·s6'eac rie.u.·cli! ve ·J:i.a,tih ·c4Jnh; {u~t:pP.fit:t:'V:t.~~fah··tP.·
nhtt tang ctiaag lttc ~~qng d.nh :s~t ·g.ta,o tlre>z{g;j~~ d~f.m.~t~~ .
ctieu ludtv~v:.. · · . · :· ·-···· ,.. · ·
... ···~·· ..~.!'····· -· . ~ .~ :..:- . ~-·

· ·Nhit;m 'fl!:. clia. Iili~:.:phihl 'tfth ::th. ~phaL k~~ ·~µth dtigc
nhung ~ie~ chf i;iito ·la -~<;>ng· 't{frji: dE· :P,hiui· '.uch· :V~ :d'~•. nhling
·-:.
·rfi~u ~hfnao c6 li~n-q~art: nhi~h.-ntrld:i~frc:·ac t~ann . ph~..~Ji.~
i::hot th am gia vao qua ·trinh ·ra quyit <l}rih. ~ abhli~·:phan trch
thtrbng ·ph:ii tl.f. thi!'t- l~p ra cat: Heu. cb:.I°v~·coi do -ia: '*iing_.clU
dan Cl;! the cho c6ng :t~c phan tfch. Tu.y 'nhfeq;~9,n~g,~ tnran.g
h® cac ti!u chi l~i c6 'Sin. tl.r nguon drt ti~u':.ho~~ . .d.c lcllach
bang cung dap chtl'. ·

. doi":'v~Lyl~c
2.2. Yeu call! .
thietl~·p·
. tieµ~chi/tr.ong·pha~
•. .. . ~ .

Heh
·Kni thi.etl~p cac tieu cru.c~h.dap W'g:.ctac y~u cftu sau' .
day:
2.2·.l.Tie~::ii~:Phal·!oBmg
Ti~~ ~hi c6 r~ 'ring. thi V,i~c .}>o_ sann rttdf dam b!o st!· ·
chlnh xa~~ rili!t.la·doLvai·ca<::.n~i gun~ phan.t!ch:·dfnh lti'gng.
2.2.,2•. TI~u chi ·ph~i'. n4'~t qua;n· tbl:: r,n6i co.th~. dil!u h~a
ducyc nh.iirig giaotriJdiac .nhau..
. · 2j.3. Tieu chLph~J'd~·-ha~ ifuh kliai quqt thl mai· co
..the.so s~nli bang lo~t Caf: Cpflih:.'SaCh·l\fa CnQn 1•

212
 ..... ·\. ....... ·.·,. ..

ft i -·
~·· (•
2.2~4. T1e~ chi ph~i c!ing,~ap 0ay _du thqni J,.........
.• . ·i ,.~
'(i~~.'.di~' ,bi~t
'! ., i.' . • .......; ":j;. ••.• ·,;: • • • • •~.:; •••• 14 ........

,:~ ~1: • · IaJJiA:Zi.~':rth. .qd~~~.w9if.g.'.;¥~~rJ1\ffr&'tt10.ng':t~rFm~.\:Rrl:Ci.~g 1h..e ·c6 .

· ~ ~. :~~;:~~~~;!~~~f;~~~tj~ft!:1~~~~!~~:l:':;~·'.·~~.:;;·:~,: i:::;?.~~·. n_::'~: .:·t.' '·. · .. , ..
· ~~. ·· ,. ~.:zs~ T.j,eU'-ch1.;ph'a1:;dam bao:tmh. hQR.ph9,p. "'-'·'"' .,,,. "':
.:. }~:_· ~_!:;~:.~ r~ .:. .·;·~~s~~~~1~;~_,:· :~:¥~.·f.2~¥~~i51i'.;~~~~·::;~p~~?'.Jr:t~t!f\:::~~·~-~~:·~~7:~~; ~~~~:,;~-~~:~· ..· 1

- '·· ~ ~ •

·. ·: ~~
6 <;f.1eu-ch111hai·
.- · . ·. ~·:.·~:-~=::-2:f;.:2·•.~1%\~J'.-:~=·~;;~i~~:-~~~:t·:~ dam'ibao1:i;·nb-•flit11:;;i:hem
. -~·;'"? 1~-:.".I: .. ~,::::;~~- ... ·I • • : · : ,, .• ... • ' . • _. •
·· .
·: ~'.'.: ,·. :2~2l% ~trie u:·'.Cfilpha1;:.;aa ''thtrcFhiefi')~~illion iPton· lC6.rn.
tl-~~:;~:~;:~t~i::~;;;;;:~:i~;'-'f:: ,.
'~f DMi;;~~t;;;;dc.ts'.:;b;-~:·~,'fch
. ;\ ·.. ~G~f=fl..{/1U':)!fzc({:.
. . . . . ·.· .......,, 'i
....
MaiJ1,.,h~!}:g
.. ...
.. ~,~;·,~a.,;~gy~i,)'~µ.ng
..
"I~·"
..~.a.P cho
·~!.•··~·:..·-~t,, ~· t ..;:\·,. ...... t".,•~·~··: .1.-- •• t.-··";•,· ......... _............ ••.•. .
:~ ·. · · ., .,. · -·~rl¢1i."m6Vi:ad1C-i:ii'c:t1e .. thPn"
n!ia~·- Cl'.arttr~h·:~ac:::Ut:"'.::

..· .

..:.· :.t....
•
. _, .c:<i¢;.:~Ji_e·µ,:;¢tif::,P~~~, rrcJi;/$crf~!1fil.:e\f'J~fi,r;~~a£li:'.~~~_g
• ~ ·-rr. . ,: ...,
... . .. .. ·7 ·:rI:lupng
~· .... •. ": .........1·: • :- i
)¢,J'.mg ,i:g.\J,oi:t.~ho·;c}.~b:Ong)h~''!(~C'~d!~l(~a(tjl:i;1(~c~i ml}C .t_ieu
... : • ..••. , 1,,•• , •• .. ,. -

;i~·;\:
.. :;_
va. c.~c tie.u ~hL Trang. rruong. hgp;'Ra::y;' ·tliilj'.irrdn:·1;t"b'phai .co
. • :,i,· •• '.• •

~ '.~· ~tµ~m \r.~ ~i.u_p ql'to. ~ha<;:h. :b.ar:i.1ftue.u ·ro :Ji~ri ,~hat-~d4i :de. chfnh
=~+ .~-~Rh:·~~ ~;(v,i.~9.):~~.Si~qJI111'~.il~~~':d!l#g·:cac: W:yd ·I:~~~µ·i:'.C\t ~~e. :p~a 1

t \f . chirth;sach~ 'Niu;:.cAs.~~c-;;~1~µ;;~pJis·:;4u.9~1k~¢~~ln,hin9t .hach

c~:t~~:.4a.~:r~ rX~Jt.rfii tag: qhtn.k~-a~fi1i.r.i· ~nQri se·~kMP.g: huang
dung VaO"mq:~ .deti ;·y~: 'Jdiop:g iic,d9ng IB<tt!l;b ~J.ao .nguyen n,h!l.n
·gay: r~ -v;i!n ·f!k Va nhir 'the. co DJ~h'i?.. 18:. v~n chtra g~ai quyet
... .. van:
·du:etc. . .
. de::aat::ra.·
. ' -~
 .,.~. 1"lmrng .il..n~o 11\m:m .11.uu.u!ng, gljtp ·anm~ qu..a..tnn~:'.(
thi·et i~p ~neu chfp~~n -t!Ch

~.2.1. Vi~c t~iet -l4p ~de tieu chi ~on chxta ·du{tc qu.a~:";
.~~m tI.1.Y. .tJU. . .. . . _ . . ::· _" '.:=:. :;-:" :·'~.. . _ ,,... . ~~
· · Trong tht,rc~ te,_ ral nhie_ti. p:ha· ho~gJl.d!"nh ¢1##.P. s~~.h . . cll·n ·. · .·:
xern ·nht: J~m quan· ttQrig,c4a' vi~t ;;tbi~tJ~p .-i/5·. ~ ~~~· •(f~J1'.. qhi. .'
<lanh ghL ..1Jo -do, .kh1 xay .diµlg::·chfnh'.·.s~~b/h9~·kh~ng qu'!in i~
nhieu den vi~c pbai c~ th~ hcia· cac tcet -qua da\r. ra :cua: cbfoh.
sach.: Vf ~~. tlOi. v.cri tfifrih sadh. vi~c- 'lam. :hQ: 'khong th~y dn:
thi& phil di,r d?an .tnr9c. ~~m c~nh· ~ac;b.Jq-a chqn .se dem 14i
vi~c lam cho b.ao nhieu nguCti th~t:nghi~p. C6 vl hQ hi~~ ratIa ':!:
I
ro rang hi em~ khi cac ·chfoh· sach.-l~i dttqc th\rc hi¢'n dung nh II ;j
..
'
trong thiet k.e, cho nen J11;1. 1¢eng- mu6n bi. trQ.~,-~l?uc?.'c vao m¢r
giai pha.p ho~~ chuong ttlnli :qµ&_:ct]. the ~'ai:l dis .. "
·~ j
;!
·· Trong nhfrng trµ-ong h(;tp nhii di€, ,;i~c thi€t ke' cac tie.u
chf thuang. dugc tii!ti hanh theo hai cacJi: . ' :
· ·. 'Cczcll ;lzitiziufitii:1ifi~r:1~pcac.mq~tieu-ddnle',,khong rcr r
rang, -tar chµ~g !=llung·.nhir:. p~·ai ·-~~ien.·ld.ti~· ·~e cua ~thanh ·ph6
x. kiem chei~in-_phiit, daym~n.h xllifr:kh;l~ ... ·.
Cach f/r(( hat: :Mai; c;hinh··sach ·h.ra· chqn thucrng g~n voi
r
m¢t so myc; .tieu~ M:6.f Jn~~ tleu. tiµ bao g6m. m¢( ~o cac tieu
chi, Va m81 l~~u. chO~i:dugt i:;JJ• the·h:o.~ b~ng m9ts6 cong Clf
do ltr&ng, Hnh. toan c1:t. th~-; · ·
\
each. 'thie't l~p tieu ·chf thl'.b1htt, trong_ thgc te~ bi·~hieu -1 ·'

ri:g;.rEi;i phan ~~i rien no' d{:' at~ai1h ch6ng bi lo~ b:o.1n€ nfaftfg
do.i ·khi no vln ton t~L ·Niiung·n-gum :Phair·d9i .P~·udng: .iJhap
-·l
nay, cho. -~ang tieu. ch( ki~ti .nhir -v~y mai :chi ·?hai:i .an}f :nhfrng
 . gia tri rat'chung chµi;tg [\h,l.l' "an roan" "viefc l.am"1 ch(r ctt~a 66.
... ,; .1. •• ',. . • ., "1··· h ~ . ·' ·1 , . ., '[ . ., l' .
.,~~!f(gilr.l/~~t.~yoJ':;..~af;$t&:,Jf!,' 1~ ..:S,~, .n.¥.U9.f!._~,lf~>sac.r~~f;" q (;o 1en
. .' qu&rr··.kh~c;: cong:.c~ :cfo rliang' C:;ic gia trf'tung ·rat ?&.#.,:~~~~' vf
.··du nhu ~iarn .con so thar.nahiei:i::xu.ong.moc . ml(c,dq .n'hil:te!,!nh
~ .,1•:.. ··:·~~.".J';~ .. f.:.ti~d-..:·l : .. '·~~:;.;.;...:. ~.:,:i.·91'"·t:"t~·1\:. ~~\-1":-, ""·:kf::·~·ii::"': · :·:~tt1 .• :r'
· '.-:.ff~9 'h6~·~v~11·r&u ··~a;"··'c6"th&/~e:'aliif9ei%1i~f4.~.~'.Jiiijiai.'J.muon
.•J} \ ·~:·~.· "'~•.,.S.._ 1:·~1 :-.-~ -:..;·1 "·"·~-.. ~·• ... ! •: "~·..1,. .. "'ol.,'f.•~.'~ •r".'~!)'; ~.,·' ts: •:·~·· .!; .chr
,i_t:'·!-~~·;sv"'lf.i~.~~!fh~;i~~~i~w·'.6i~' fi~µtgfi{·~f{b'.£~~\Kp,·:~{~~c···~r~~·
;: .. · 1
••
~' ': '.xo:.(f ~en':'.:: "u" 'an"~"k-~a·•.;n, "~+i:tl! *1'i.. ifdfi';j:''lp'nap" ·nay
l
·
.. :; - :;: . . L·-,.· :9.,. '!.·'· J~! ·'"'·..:~·~u·.,.....n'·'ifi::~n··o:.;·~~C1·1:.{1o,'
..,~... f'~ . ...;,P,,. ··::t_ ..,.•. \"'•" ·1"·\/:~ ,,;,,_ ;. ,;.
•1·'· th'. ".:. ..... ,. ·•' '-1r·•"·g•'·' ,.,r.,. ·""~.. ,,,,.. h'\l: 1r··"·a.: -.•.r: ..-ii" d......r.... ii
r·::,·~:~I~St~?:!~t~!~~;~~~·J,\r~~~~~;.~rc~~
·re.:. . ·. .;. ·+f-~·.: {i#.}nl!·~ii~e:!l· ?;~ic. th!l~n v~tn~au 1

r.;; ·. ·, .. ·· '.);'p.)hg i'qti~ ft~'lhit' thie't :/1~\f :tl~~i: ~ch~ .:~~c "nhl?. phan Jich
L: ·thir0:11g. h~y·ij:>h~f·'!\~y·.ci.~~g·:,~ti.i~'~··:¥~~ :j1~u/~.~:::¢~c ~~.~ .rieu .
f.... ·1?-.Lma~:t!lu·an:v.Q·i: ~.hau);G.ac:h~:a .P.l.i~n· trch·:.1~m~i~c ·froiig ~ac
'. .. -:po". :q ~.a.n "94,t't·1n~6~~ fa):.,(t~:[ph.l,lc ~;Vl};.;c~k.i:;nhiJ:.'~:~~~it'Ua m~t' 'nh6m
i '· ..... 9.9~g~g9ng: .cl.rm~p:d'.o;' 4~Anor :ugu6i·f~Ii1~¢0.ng ~i.c 1~p
9an :. ·wr .
i :·. ,~§J1R~.~:h: ·cJ) ~~a9~ k~)~J:~~h;;:i<~iJi·tti 2~:~;1{~·· d.)1$~'.;ri:~~:'~hiem
• ' .. •.•;:;, ";.,< -, •"~ ... ,'~•,to,._ ••~ • (''" •\>~ ... - ,;,,•.,' 1 \
. .. ""'"'•' t '.}'•"~ -., : •, I • •,' :

· .-v.~_i~(:B~~19~"!1~~!~~~·~~grLw~~,(~n~~,fo\~9~i:#.oi:ig.·~ai1i~~.·;c;1,1: r.b'~··,nao
i . . ·qp::,·:fig~g· ,~rirforig'·~J1'.W.iiia;Y.frilj.~i.~ii~A·;:i/ch~\to'"·th~~.P.hihgifinh

,"1.i~f5*s:m~~:~1i~.#'.I~im:~~1t~~.Atl'.§.gi;;~§i. -~,~9~¥ .:~·~.~.;¢~ng ~y nra

rr·~pt~ r1~·~.riJ1. P!l/l_.'.cf~rj~~~~~~~~·A~~. . su:·,#~. .c.~.tJY.~n·:.~ia'·ph~n tfch
va· ¢ap; nha .h9~cldJjnh cJHnh :~.;,tc;h .. ,a\'¢ .m\19.:'tieu: cua <;pmmg
tdiih oo th~ ltt: tfti:io: CuO;"-b .di~ti:·kl~i1·~:ftt'.
·. . . ...
..
chri:t 'dio:·c6n~.'d6pa
Q, . . . . . ··o:. ........ " ··;:. .. ..... \;:)

·d:an ·.cU';" ph:at'.huy.:?1'.i'P ',ffi<].'nh Cua .~.~i1J.g cton.g. ·rr:ong vi~c tht,rc
· hi~q,.cac c~1®ng:'l~l~hi):~·:. ~~ i~9.~sl1:: ~h}·tii~. :f~LchXnh; giam
.~:.~~}~~J~~:~i~~J~~f~~~:~:~~~~~~~~~l~;:;~~t,~:~~:·q~~~ .~~:
ijJ~:t 'fie(t>K~Ji"~rt ·$:§~ tiii€d~p·.rri9(.~6.cac<tieu .2hf :v.}l rat nhieu
citc;cona
. . :::
cu.,. do Juohg·
.
..
'
..
t
'' , ·-.
•

215
 3..2.3. C;ac ·ti~:u·chial;i.o ·di:i:c: c'6h,~f ;za;~ ai1i:o'f cat ·tilt,t:
... c1i£1tnii.c. ·- · "-··· · · .....:!.-". ,., ........ .-·~-- ··- ,. .• , ....
.. ··' ... ······· Ngpii .•~~ ,l:i~~:;1Elif.~P.~~:}ri, n:~F.P· "~~fnh~ k~pb, ~'.e'.; kJ
thu!t, cac n:ha:ph~ tich ·cO.n.:pQ'ai ·thi€i i~p;.:a. cac'. tieu ;clf(:~~o
~i~~ ·tiiurii"klii°rho~i9~ti\·c;"[c~ft~ii~1ri:<i~o~Ciita:,fhuori~;~.~P r~r
nhieu kh6 k.han. T:rong thifc· t( khi: n'fQ.t v[n d~ xa h6i: n6i len
thl Mu het cac nha b:anh chfnh, nha bo~ch dinh ·chfnh sach
d~u thien ve tfil.h ch"inh ttj nhieu hcin. .

Ok nhi: ho~ch djnh kheirt,g: .mliQU t~i~t l~p. ro rang CIJ the
cac tieu chi' ph5.n tfoh ;ya, ;1l~tih~gi~1 l.4l~rig i::6 ngh'I,q. . la P:Q -tl]..foh .
W do thay _d6i ciic. ·thF d~n b~t. err ltic nao. TbtJC· ra, "h9 v&a
mu6n c6 rihiing chl d[n kha.i quat hu6:ng vao m\lc freu, vl.ra
muon co nhieu c~'Ch kliacJihau d~ d~t duoc muc ·tieu do. Nha
phan tich .co tM..de xu6ng van ·d~ ph[n ifch.vdi
m9i y tuClng·
c~n chua to v~ c~i di:~ phli tUn. kiem; ~l!'Ilg l~i p1J.ai lam ro
ca~ chi tiet. Cl;\. th~· ciia caq~·gi'ai phap
•.
lt;ta
-
cb9n."~eu
~ .t
~hu nha.
ho~ch ·dinh c1"1Jnh sach tlil ~·£.n d~ri: gi{iJ. dt!QC nllJC tieu., thl
nguqc l~i. cac.nha.pha:n tfch v~ danh.gia°l~i.muon cac.tieu chf
phai lh~t ClJ. the ·d~ .co th~".do· iuo~g. duqc S.lJ' thanh c6ng cua
CaC ffil;\C dfoh-Va cac;.mt,tC·lieU:.·
'P

Tom liµ, cac tieu chr,~uqc thi€t.1~p tf! k.ier(~huc va. kinh.
ng-h·i~m th~~ te ctia. ilha;~pllftn.:tici;'t.tr sJ:f;1qgggtac vai khach
hang va.blti:g,chfu,lic6n:gvi"~~ tr6ng quil.>ffi~h phin .tfo.Ji. K~.c~
trong trucrng.h(Jp cacti~~ .i::;pJ d?. khacl;i· l;l~o,g_.<;;l;l.ng. cap th1 nha.
phan tich van 1!0 t'le· .bo· sung them c~c tti\lC t~eu, ya ti6u chi
·m& ho~c s1tad6i.:cac m~c tieu.Yi ti~u chi c6. sari.

2I6
i
,,i
~11~·· ..
~g~:~:: .· ·..fh.
~:~· .:~~>P~~)·9~~:#e:~.
-
ctj.( th~~'~·g:.:~~. . ·.~.:.~ ,~~_1J~.n~;~!-~fl.~ phan
.... -
~,·~:. ;i·.~,:~' :,~,~:~ .t~~,~::~~~~;;~.:~~~~.~~:i;:-~;~:·~.:~~~.:~~t·:'~~~~.~~t 4uqc
: i. : ;:dta·~~rcd:ri.ti~ .iieu-: !Y.i:ec .hra: •chbn· de: idaktleu·:\2111
'• v. ..... ....... .. . .. . R< • •• ·-·:···.R· -: .• 'n;ao,is.e
/'.;' • ~··· .... ;. dugc
;:,'"-'1!' Oo• ~.·-;it..·•.·. ·........ : .;..:.•· .•• ·, ~~ 0

~i: ... ·. :fJf:~~-~i&'iir9.~.i"BH8: ~qrili.!Jlti~~·i.{¢1f Ji~9f~@~w~9 . .Q.Jgr_!;cha'.t Gµ a

;mL . van d~i:·v~o.inl.lc rieµ cu.if,EaY,.g.~i#h..-s;~~hJira>ch9n~··C6:che chi a
~ f: .. ,ca;.r~(~i/.~~~:·;~~£i~~a~}~n}~:p.~;~~if.MP~.lI9~,.n1W'.?au: .
; ~;. ... · :.',:t'[~;9rth}~~µ~,sJi ~~.~~;;~i~J.fll-J:i"~Mf;~Q.i.;Y~;':.m;~k.l)'.y thu~t:
.: ~!· N~p.in ~tJ~~,,c;,h( ''?-~Y:, dlf<n:: SU d~n.g p~ :99J~g1;,1g' .chinh- sach co
l !:. . ~1~f ::~V~~.;.~~?:;:g~A~:1~; ,1i.~h~,;m.'1.f.l..g_,,m~§~,;t;~Y~.~o.~;g? i.i~u
~if. 9ff1:,~3~~R)~~ :r,h~_i:i ·~g;~1~)11:\ff::,~i~ti,~¥;~?9.&?, Gij~p..~"P:'~ri, m9r
: f,: ·
..
g~y ·~~~.,~~·.fC·~y;.,ti.~P:g).;i~i.(cq):t~\~Q~¢.m,
'!(.:"':"l,; .. ,,.. ..
t ..........~·'"",/"'·-.. ,_,,_,o:..\'f·•····'\'
· · ~i~tn?.i..........
·J~q,Qg
.
_giao .~, ·~'

~·c:6f· '·m8' .a mot

: ..... , • . , . -...... -i:; .. ,. • • , .....

,.. :t1.i.ori.g.·ma '.n'1Hiii"t1rth':.ich~fo-ci'J._tie'u«n uo

~i 'H'l.'ii>:' 11:).;1 t·.. ~:;»:i,!;";.·' ;':.;o:~ ;::,:~.~:;;, ~;,i1-; -.t.:·:•.\•:.¥~.>:-··.'..,.. ,,._. ~i:. -:::.Jl · :~ ·
1f. . , .;".~9~~~S:g~;~~~,~~gJ:~,~.~·~~~f;i~~¥;~J?~~Ri.ft~ff::~~·~;;~~~ ~~~t:.~uc;t{\g
t1 ~{ · · · .cho'·pJl'.~p . kh9ri~? J.;i'~4'.c::ic' ph~angi:i~ff:giao\'t~C?tig.i,~8_~S,~t 4uqc
i~,· ty J~: tqi;Jti.i~µ ..~e ·s.9. N9'.!!g ~~~g-~l~µ :.tr,.1r~n2:~fo9:)(iQ·?.::fiY.1~c· du
'lil~· ··' ·'['.c~c if~fi.Mhr..~riay{::~~:*{;~ii1i'1Pr~tfli~~{fl\It~iligii}:1~ftcr viec dan h

:.~~ ... . ·,:...:··:' ....: ~·~n6m :ti~1t onf daiih;.aja;tfah 'lcha'.thLve.:mat chfoh tri la
..-~ '.t,,.. y ~:~: ",)~:-=!'~.:;.:;: i;h ~· ·.:··~;\~ .~·:·y~~:: \ i:4·5:· l2 I . ··.:..:...":':. ::··:..~·;! ..'.'-\~.:·,;.. •
•I!,:.• .. :·..; ..
aei:, {l,l'Q1(g'. lien ,qu;'an Mn
H.

, i;.: :ae;·'.x,~c. ;_oirth. 'J~a1·:d9 ,.cua:·.cac<filiorii. ·

·fi' cb,fnh s'ath .se· li;i~ clJ,9.n; Li~µ i.fing chioh ..~ach · h,r~(ch9n co
•~~. ·. .~~?~~. ,?ac . n.~g}P.:.:~Pi x~q~~J~~~c·!lu.?~ :cq~p,~ntr~ )~Mng? Cac
I~: :~ong ·:c~~ d1P...:lt,rqq:gJrpljg'.;rth6ni Jieµ: :c.hFn~Y. tll1.tP:ng la cac y
I.. ":kie~ bii~:':qhaJQiililh~:.:.;tN~·':'~tr..~c~~~~;: '.ii_~a·:"!rr;'.fli'~·~-fJ .r:rnh d~nh
~~ }~Qng.__ M!f~n t~!!t'1~t111q,c~~~~i:i~ir :~}1~, rili~jn . ~ay~, nl:a p~a~
wrt t1cfl: can co nb:ll'ng· kien. t!:rttp. 'Vl(f!.g vani: ye ·chrnh trti ve to
~'.ii e.lufo~ "V~ !?ac thiil1,1c r..'a.nh . d.hin.h-.:ph~i:Jii~iJ:sau.s~c ,v~ a¢ng ·ca
' ·· -,;~h:tkd:~y-,cacnh6n{a6i mqrig~ch'ftfr.'rlh~~·v~n
.. . . . .
.de. '

;2.17:.:
 . . .·,. _: .; . . .. " ,• . . . :. "" •, .- ,.
Nham' ti~u,.chl:danh. gh1 ~:t.n:h kh~,thl y~·rii~t tai:chin~;·y~ :1
'r<ln!r te. NMim t~a_u' chf. ~~~r'se ·dti. ltt~ng· :nhfi'.ng chi..plli:..Vft§.i'
kh I_na·cbfnh sacfr h,ra ch9n je.ma.ng.I#i. Lcyi flih c6·thflalr.~C'
ti¥p· ho~c:gian .ti'~p,:·to th&! ~u !qi 1ch ·uupc.tnat:;haiJc Jq~ fch iitti
dlit· cis th~ ~frtl1 m(;tii{duqFhb~c :ic1io0:g'--iflrill ffrqng. C:a ch frin'.
ra
sach gay rihfrng t~c . a¢ng Ve m~t i~f chfoh, nhu t0h&~~6 Chq..
no~c tong so riq_·cua in¢t ~6 il6i 'tliiag; ~6 ~hln:h sach arin
.· 1!u&rig"ci€n Hiiii'Y~ c·~a-m~i yiu;ig~. vA. rHi'f~u ch'filh ·!lackgay a~H
huemg d; v~ kirih te.v~ :tAi chinh,; VLthl can· phai.'str d·91tg ca
hai lo~ tiefo chf nay d{danh gia. .
Nh6m .tieu chf .:danh: gii.tfrth kha ~hi .y~:. nang .'lt,tc ~ac
·nghi~p hanh chinh;: rih6rn fi.ei.I ch1·riay se"c.ttduCing,Jcha nang
tci chil'c ~hi.re hisn: ,chfnn sach. J.va ~h9.n frong th.\i'~ te, nhiJl ·fa
cac dlfo ki'~n:·han,h chlnh, Li~u riin·g.c~ du nhllfl'vier:id~ td&n
khai thl;l'.c hi¢p. chfqh ·sac;!i :lth~{\g? Li~u ct5 .di.rqc SI! phoi. hQ'p
dong. b~ trong vi~c. cu.rig cap oac .:d!cb, v~ :khong:?· Li¢u .c6 aµ
cac di~u ki~n V~t cflat= can thiet. tl~ ti1~c hi~n chinh sach
kl:iong? Li~u. chLnh .s«kh, .co tM.. dti'gc 't~f!c hi~n ·dung. thc»i h~n
khOng?
· Hau het cac iie:ti cht :cd ban d~u tht.ioc ·~ao hon ~·h6m Jon
nay va .d~ gia:f. q~y~t riJ6imQL vl!n ·de :¢hfrth sach cac nha pliftn
tfch ·Co th! t1in.tfolv'
., cac, tieu' chf ttrdng
. ... ·xl!ng
. ..... moi mot
.... tron!! ..
nhom. Sau day la n¢i dung chi tii:t:cua die nh6rn tit.u· chf n6i
tren.

.
u

Trong nh6m tieti "chi ri~y c6'fati. ti~~ chl'q~hifl, lrqng h~mg
d£i1.i.la hl~'i.1 ii;rc Va SlfftrOttgxi'rng. " ,
·. ·....
218
.. . .
~
 ,. :':<~i.~~~~;::~ ~ .
nlraµ neri ket .quithvc hl~i;t :¢lla: :dtlnh. ~icli. c(ing: se ~it .)c)l,~i~~.:~;'(~
?.fl~u ..c~o:Jle!!: ~litl!!§:g ··q11.~·~~·!·cf~ :p~il~g~ :p~~P ~·a.nh .gtti_·rf~~{\:::£ :
~l-lfrih ·sli~h. m&i 'thti~ng ·c-6 'sif··ki!-.~th:tra:·~rfi:aF:p'hi!criig:-Pliap,~~:·:;~..
aarrh gia Mu chfrlh sacli cu. . ;
··- · K1'¢i~s6~n~f·dung quan :·tro.ng: :c~a ~~eo ~~h-Lbl~1t:!Y.s ):~;;_-~=.,
chinh sach se. co tihu'ng ·arth ~uO:ng tn1c· tiep ti6p hay .gi~n .tiep.;· ;
trucrc milt }1ay liHi da~•.c'O. th~ dJnh:'.:Itr9ilg hay kh"6ng djnh .:.·~1
luqng, ppu hqp .hay ic~~ngphu.
Jiqp:v.oi.... d'i~L,t:ki~n
... . ~ ~ . .
~,
thgc te.
Chfnh sacb co anh httang ·rrgc tie'p·.Ia nhung chfoh sach ):
d~t duqc ffilJ.C tieu ma no de ra:, can anh bl!Ctng gi~n tiep 'la -~
nhung anh . ·htrang khongJien-q1,1an den. cac InlJ.C tieu qa d~ ta. - ·1
vr d1;1, ID\lC tieu CUil v.i~c. :({ay dvng tn¢t th-!.tra:n tnr6c· m~t m¢t I
-!
con song. la t~o ra CCI .h¢.i giaJJri, Heu Iqii~n cho: rihiing ngtrOi j
dan th! tran, nlurng 4i€u. ·n~y cung I~ clio gia tr! v~ ba'.t d{>ng j
san av·ung x.u~g quanh tf6' ~ung ,se tang :l~·n. :Day co tM coi la ·I
anh hubng ·gian tiep,: nlitfng neu ca: hai 1oiµ anh htr&ng trlfC' .f1
tiep va gian)iep da duqc xac d~nh ngay ttr khi xac d!nh cac :j.

ffi\IC tieu chfnh·sach, thl.d. :hal k~t gul tr'en se du<ic COL la. anh .\
.J
huong trvc tiep. Tren tht!C 'te giua chung ·co mqt SI! phan each' 1
rat mong ·manh. :1 .
Nhilng anh;hu&n.g; lAu.dhl thuang ~ay r.a. sa:u· mgt ~oang t
thbi gian d·ai ttong ti:rctniflaircho' h;en· ~'~ ph.3.i 'kh~~ hao cac J-.
g~<i tri m9t each cillnh:xac~ C~11.~hfrn.g anil btf.bllg ttirac m~t ll 1.
nh~ng .anh hubrig t@'c '.ti~p va; hgay khi ~illiih. sach-'tlii;rc hi~n.
·Chang h~n. anh hU:Cing lati dai cua, 'vi¢~ . x-.ly dt}'ng m9t con.g.
r
vien truce m~t m~t con song co th-~ iani tang gi~ ti! dat dai --· '
vi'lng· iftn dµ1~ nhtnig ann hui'Jng trtroc mat Ia trong thai gi~p. .i."
. ~· .
220 ... _
.
!,;il .·
•.
 ?4~·:i 'i'!h9.rri ~i'~u·:.cfif .tta:rih' gli~ iink ~~ha _thi v_e ·idnh te
,v.2.- ·tal~l!liiih : · · ·· ·· ·· ·
~? -
4~..,,J. •. •rv.r qt·so
· . ,.J~'h.;z~
-- n.unr:.
.- .
·trong.Jy ihuyet ciing r$u th¥c. te, nguyen tiic 'kinh £e aa

.221
 ch1em dUQ'C tru;k.!le tl'OJ:lg,.phflt(.t(ch Chfnh !jaCh;: OCri Vi. ll~· d~p ..
i!ng duqc y~ti· . cilu ..v~ .....do "..lufuig .m{)t qu~ ~rfah.
~ ~- .
·cat nha
~· '
.phan.
.
tfch. va: cac- nha bo~Gh pjnh;tht,rong ti~ thfoh:trlnh ~a)f va: ciin;&: .
.mong rih~n dtiqc aliung thong tin hang .ng'On ngrr d,Inli :lU:qng. ·..
rrn.ng''~li6~::·~~:~ ti;~ chi ·~nlr i€ .c~· 3 ..~~p ii~u ·~hf q•u·:µ}· '
·tn;ing la: v.(J ~!~~LY~-:~uujiiiih; ii~n t~ boa va ph.iJi~ri t[hoa;, . I

---·~1i;tc tiep.. v,a"'gian;tigp ..~.: ... ·. ·-:.· . :,.... ,, ... ··'""··· . . · ·· ~·- ..
L¢ ieh vi :du phl'ltuu: hlnh]a·nhilrigJqi i~b co tht tinh.
toan ·duqc. Nhi1Q.g. lgi' fcli_ya;chi..phf :ri·~ri··t~ hoa'.ii,.~hitng ca'i
c6 th~· chuy~q.d&ib'&ng dan"vfit)~n ·tf~h:6ng qua-s!fdanh gia
cua thi truan·g~·v! .d~~. tfirig,so li,rqpiraG t~il tr(jng mq,t tuan
ma mQt ng\tOi c©ng nhan thu. gom duq9Ja tieu chi'· hU:u hlnh.
Tieu chr nay co tti~ xirc d:inh· b~ng se5 hrqng ·kg, tac tba.i t·hu
duqc ho~c b~ng dung tirqng chua.. VOi.tieu chi'. nay co l'b~ tirih.
toan dtrQ'C chi phi 'danh· cho COfigVi~c· thU gorq r:ac Va tfnh
duqc ca lqi !~h cua vi~c tli~ iom·r~c ~h~L.'£)~ lb.ied~p ti~u chf
nay, nha ·ph:fln, ti'ch c6. tlf~. quan· sar xem -ca~c. tliB:t1h Ji~6 khac
tra hrang nhilng nh~p.'vien:thu ·gom tac thill troilg ·m9t tuii.n ta ·
bao nhieri? T6ng. so kh6i ·1ti'<;tng ra.c tnai hq- thi.i gom dU"qc· la
bao nhieu?
Lgi (ch. la. chi phf VO 111,np, Ia nhti:ng' cai k.hOn~ tinh lG~n
dtrqc. vi dt,t;··l9i; ich. cua 'dich·v~-' thu ·gorrfra'c c'ort.:ba.o: g&m d:.
lgi fch ve ni~t :tang_ cub~g "s«c ~h9:· ~ho '.~h~: dan:. ~tt thu~n .
ti~n trong sinlfho~t,:va.'ca yeu to"th'.am·my'. Nhiihg:lgi !c:h nay
l
~:·,·
khong the ti'.nh:toan driqc bang nh1rng coo:s0.. ~·'g tM n~n dtrge.
• • - • # • .. . • . •, .:1 . ;•• ' ., , , , - • !'>. .•
· g91 la nh1m.g ..!qt i.ch-~vc :Ifrnh. Bai ·v6'4 .cac t1eu i::nr vo nmn
ch ling ta se. sir d~n.g ky thu~~ Hrih ·10'41 mi trong ldnht!ngrrilri'
ta gqi La· gia ·mu, con d6~ vcri ·nnfrrfg·"·tie'li·-~h(nfui hi.nh th'l

221
 tieu thl se choli m6t Val muc.ti~u n?i.Vd~
~ • h • .. tilih teaii"cac.Ja1
• . :. .
·..... . • fch:.,
• . .•... :· .
~-!..·

J:t!J~ ~ieP.• vr d\r, :d1ran. ~~P. n"itcrc c6 mi!~ tl~U: :chtnfr l~ . ::t~o .ta · :
nguon di~n. rthtmg "d$:ng ~&cri ri6 cunt·t~'o""i.a::iifiung":l9i fob: ·-
da~g k~ v~ phttoilg di~rt ·d4'.1_i¢h .giif trI. ·v~y c6 nett xep fo™
.Jgi .f.~tai~J!LY.~lgi Jcfi;il~u~!fdl*ifa~ula~hfriiigli;ii 1chfr1,rc
tiep icho~g. neu nhung)g,i r;~::T;Ay·chiqi:.;c~c .riha rtflioi;!·~nJf.!nh
de ra m9tc~~h chti di~mg ngay tlt·'d~u.Ng~ai ra, ~iing .nen chu
y den cac y :ki€n.ci:ta cOng !u~n..
. •
·
•r

Chi phf trljc tiep la ilgutfo tM cb:fnh.do cac cctquan nha

nuoc dati. tlI.ctw·d\r al:I:·:·l"Igulin. tat chfoh ~ay co th~ cMu ,ur m¢t
l~n: .h.o~c ~~ ~Ji.~ d:iu tu n~n. tiep d"uai"ll'irih th tic lit ritiltng chi
·phi ai~u li!inh·:;,i biio .duriO:g~ ·
Qti phf giari-tie;. Ia :ahun.g anh hif~~g tieit cgc do chfnh .
sach gayra. Vi. d1,1, mat da'.t sfili· xu~t rtOng nghi¢p.·fro.ng truong
. hqp xAy dt}.p ntt6c. Nii~ng: ton.· hiµ ·I1iY. co fh;~ ca Chfuh ph uva ·
nhiih dan cung phaLg~nh c~iu. .·~, . · ,. .
. Chi phi t:"1. h~i .. la ·:nhung t6ri.. th~t,_bi rila'.~ di khl ~ai
. nguyen, nguqn 11!9· q~oc· gi1f'kb.oflg ~hi. ~ap cho .. cti!nh: s.ach.
·khac vl ni da:duqc ·d.tirig Qho chlnh."sich dang phin: tfch..N6i.
cach.. kha~. day Ia sv khaC.. ri:hau'gii:ta . g!a. trl .cua hang hoa va
d.ich vv. do chitih sach 1\Ia chcim mang l~i ~a: gia tr! c.ua n~trn.g.
h~ng boa Va. d\ch· Y.lJ do ffiQt"·56 cac~ lt;a ChQrl khac mang Jl}.i:.
Vf dl;l, m¢t.l0 danhu¢c ·quyen· Sa "hirli tiua: tharih .Ph6 neu: dem
b!-n d-~t1 ~ia. thl-.. gi4 .trl ti 79Q.•Q·oo tJS9; r.:htr:s·g iha-y ·v-2.0 d:Q
thanh ph6 .l~i quyet dinh x~y cong.-vien. V~y cb:i. phl co.' Mi ..
tronittll'Cing ·hqp.:n~y Ia. 700.oqcfU.~D. ·; . .
. ·· M¢t vf di.t khac :fa,. :chtt~g tn.:r.i~ tr6n·g ~aL5 ·tri~u
h:.- d' I. h ... .. N· ·' ·, td .
l
'"'.·11.
ha ..
nmg--cua-Ghmh p ·. u · anu e · o-eae-tmu _m1e~ nui. · goru · 1:1n
- ' • I •• i;.· • ' ·1 ......

1.
·r
224 ,
•f,
..
•I

,~
~
'RD.~C 225·
 riing, than:.•;. Hi6~· n19~·. ·ca~h/clii.u;ig .nh(t, ·st{t.qa.y ·~qi :gittti · f.
thu~ cua·m¢t seh1ung:,dq~:'fue.··~i~n'm}ngm¢t ·ldioa~g kbpng --.~
gfan. D!!,y' l~ m\it-kh~fni~m cfu·thietcho_'·nbaphan tfch·chinh: :
· s~ch. Tr0ng tht,rc te, gi~ tfi rong cua dlj an 'thay·d~i col} boi vi:_
chrri!l s~ch: d~' .ctira t~· 1n~ty=\ii'e:trg, ~(ff v~'lb:&i ·gian; ;ckc.'cen~ -- .
c1;1 dm;;c sir d.qng t1hu .ia .ky ihu~t d~·i.I \rao :-·dtlu ra;. va_..n~ilng
- . phep. tinh to~n- ve 'tQ.u-rih~p Va sari' phllm:; .DAy dil:ig clifuhla .
... " ' .... 0• '-.... .. ....... ·-~ ..-R ~ .... ~; .... ' -· ,.. ... i:.,..... ~·- •.;•• ; '-· .... _... -··~·- .. .. _!

nhiing· cai ma nha.' phiit tfch .c:;'§p. "n·ghie~.CUtti Vl Slfthay do~ v.e ..
gia tr! t~uan co Ueri quan vai cac ng_y~n d{f trfr v~ ·c~c -kho!n ·'
· _phat sinh dtrqc li~~ l~ ho'.~ nen d(!)i v.&Lcac c::hirdag ·1rl.nh ho~c·
cac chinh sach co ~c thanh ·pMrr, chll. yeu dft la ~6 kha: nang ·
ti~n t¢ hoa h9~c kh6ng· ti~n,·t~ hoa, d81tto. ra kfo5ng thfch.:nqp
llim v6i ql.!<an:ciMm riay... ·Xac dinh nhftng .ihay d6i v~:gia tr~
rong chi"a~c"l:ii~t "th!d1'hqp at<l'inh gif.cic cnlrih's&¢hJ:i'ac .co
. anh htrC!ng Icrn v~ kinh te cua m9t vilng, vi d~ rihir'chinh' s~ch .
thue cho cac may_m6c '1~ c"Ong cv.·corig ngh'l~p.
Nh6rn tleu- clir .clanb gia . hi¢u q.~.i: ·I<lnh re: Hi~~ 9ua lcinh
. t~ ~6 ngliia .1a. d.~t ·d119~ ·Iqi _tch yoi vi¢.c sit :d 1;1n.g 19t ·thi'6u ve
ng.uo~·ll!c (chi.-ph.l.it .nhat).Khaini~m.hl~~ qu3:"V~ hi~u·JIJ:~ c6.
lien quan vai nhau nhung.J.<li,ong :nen nli~:]in. -Hi¢u qua toi
da. c6 th~ khbng. xay .ra cung thoi dMm ci~t.drrqc hi~u -life.
Hi~u qua c6 .tM ·cao han ho~c thap hi:tn· hi~u Jge. Vf dtJ, rn¢t
ca quan nao d6 .c~n .phij ·pht,tc v9 500 xuat an inra. Bar ky ai
c~ kha nang cung cap d.11qc '.500 xu<r.t an ay -· thl phtrctng an . "
~trqc gQi la c6 hi¢u Ive.,. Nhting ·µg)l'.q'i'-~ao. co kb~ ·nan~= cung
c(p 500. xi.f(t an trtr;Fvoi gia ·thanh lli!p nfi~t"' thl giai phap
duEts gei ·1.a co hieu h1c nhar v~ glii fffanh. Gia sir :co m6t
ng~oi khae co th(!· cung ~ap in¢t xuitc~ ~r.tra ·vai rngt ~a
thap h~n tat ca nhtmi
phirong an t~eri'. nhtrQg ·phal ~(ti yeu "du

-226 --
,... " . ,·
227
 . .
;·

.......

:~r,;,:i·==~1lf~tlt1~t~,~h~~-
thue c6 th~ nlt~n dirge
nhmigJqf icb
1·
. . ;ttic~c·~ebo~If:if~µ.~~Jhact' ~
··Ty ·1~ chi phfiia}i diigc-g\>r·\~. ~f 1~. ·;~~~t' ~fiiu ~~em ··phtran~: ·
.. :PM p. phan ~tfcb..·.chi·.phL=..:li:fi~ch:.b .pn~n-;:tren~~ .;H~n .cµ_~
1
cu.a: . '. .
.phuO'n"g phap .chlet k.ha:u nay "fa ng~on tai ·ctitnh \1{mgJuoll ·1
11J6n ·co h~n. Ap dtJrig each Unh ·n~y· titl thttang:'d!n den ket · .::-
qua la se· c6 ®ieu c1iinh sach lqp; ch1;i'n· d~u c6 ·tfuh ~ha tlii vl 1~
m~t kinh te:~ · '•.a !";.

Tat rihien; cach.t!nh. nay th~thuangdanden,k€t qua lase·

c6 nhi~u chfoh sach lga ~h9n dtu co tfnh, kha tbi v~ :m~t kinh ·
te.
T~t. nhien, each tfoh nay plig .thu9c· vao ti 1~· khau hao
drrqc st! d1;1n'.g'.. Neu stt d1:tng:~e:::ff l~ J&iu J..iao cao thl.se lam
giam. di t(µh khi ~hi cua ·6a:c.:ch(nh 's:abh ltfa chQn. .
I~
~
·;~
. Thu haila~ 1:1.y khlu ha;o cua 1¢~;rtfr c:hia .cho ;:nf phi. s&
dt,mg each tfnh nay dil;chi' nh~ng ·chinfr..iach lt_ra.eh9n c6 ty ltf
lgi fch - chi phi cao moi i:h~qc lg.a ch9n. Nho v~y. ma c6 tM
ltta ch9n dugc phircrng. an n~o phu liqp vai ·ngup~ tiii chfnh
0
1 ~,;
"
ciio phep. Hq.n che cua:cach t.i'.nh'nay la·c6 nhfrnk chirih sacl:i .·
1it:a ch9~ ·co tY l~ lQ'i fen - ·chi phf, nhttng chua ~h~c dil mang "
~J_""J

hii lQi ich rong toi da .. ~:r.

3j
Tlut ba bl:. lay t5$;g Kn.~u· llao tjl:ia1gi ich tru di tifag·khau fil .
hao- ciia· chr ph{tr~ijg. stiof th.bi :giin.: thlfc h~~n ~hirth . sach. .~
° I

c~~~ t~?h .~iy· ..c.~m· d~q§ J9.~J.~·::~i~~1:.&i~· .xopg (net present .,.
value). H4n che tiia.ctcb tfn~ :Q.ay la r~t kho so ·sanh cat
chfoh- sich--l1fa ch<;>n co cimgmeyt· mtfc tieu n-5~e: caci chfnfi '. ~

sach lva chgn co m~c tieu bean ·toan. kh~c nhau .. Th~ chi~ .. ·

228
•:.;:~

·.:r~
·:;w.·
..
s~t,I"qu,an
< .·. . ... ,; .•. · ..
tarn,:·c!J..u·y cmi.''-cong lui:t~...cu~.·c_ac. ''1ua~ ·chtrc lianh
.•. • . . - ....

J;: ·cfi14ii~vflihafi:&:;n:MgPJ~.i~q'.8.~t)·q.y ~ririe#~ ·troHg 'th di ·gian

~-J:--oij:fn' ~~f~~~·:\}Ji' 'kRkch.;:.ii~ng· cti'.<i"\in'.1.ii~!:.ri~~ ~pJf~~ .rich: s~. 'co "kha
. ·:~. · ·nillig:·'.x~¢$·ai~h \i.~B~)d!if na6f':fhl .o'.~b 'kifach;:hit:rtg;'"cO'rig 'ch1'.f~g,
~!-
~
·..·.;.h:9~~1#,9µ#,~~.:N&g~(~~.:~tif~.··~&:µit~4f~i~ i~~~t.~~~,~~~~~).! i~bng
·m&Ir~.N'iirriiP'~':k'yi;fiiin~a;;lr(a'."h~a··:pliiintit61l'f&·U:.filiri-jfd.8' ·fang tnem
J..: ··cct-hc:;i.Ji:~ho'd;h:a:~d~iii:d:~qt:·~lfi1:fnhr~.rse. ~a8i·~6ffi •c.a\i1~c ctanh
~f gi~.-i:~c.chfol~~~chm.crL \,r:·'r.,;:\ 1 ••• ...:....... •:: • ..,,,: .

. :,,: hgp:J~ kh~: ~a,ng. c:nap_:~nh~n. vi~c.giai quyet

. 'rfnh;.tJtfch
f ·.Y~n:. d'.~: L:~~v..~ac "myc.: tj~~ cf.t.a. _~p.(n:~: ~~c~ . . 9'~ :phu .hqp vai ·~~c
:t g}~ '~~!._,~.H~:.:R£!W"'P~'.'g~~lw~c.:~K,~9-! 'kl?-R-~g? :N~~ ;p,J:ian 1ish . co
J: =.:;!}~P: }Jii%0:2.~~J5..r~.!.l~i.~i~uA~1.x~i:(,:dJi:i;h;:I<;h?ng~y~~Y .I:a:~9t G~u

f.· ·;~~~~~~~~~~if~i£{~~;~:j~t~~~::(;4~~~~i~:~~-~%~~~d~;
~
l~
·; •.
./:fie1.(i.:P.1?.f. .tqJi,~ .Jtqn .,c.6.::tM.:~b.roc
..,, .. :,., ...:.: . .-;.·t·~~~;;-=····~i)~~ :f~"'.:-'}J:'.· .... -.: .....1 .~~
cfo~. .:ra fK¢tn~'l.eJ ~n a&}r:.:.rii:_dAu
t";::~· ":··v-·~.~r.::· ..... ~,: ..._:!;· :··: "' .• · ·. . .'··~;.. . : . ~ ..
1 .....

;~!. ;,,~~~8i1$% · · ·ll:i."~~li<'1P,;~·~~"I\~H-=~J:f.i~.~;~,h'1~~R1Jr..:~fg}~l.19.IJY~:~,;no mqt

:~~,f ':i9.~th. 1P:i@Jh:. ;;9~~9:~. f..~l\.~i$..£1.';JF;8~"~~~H H!J~g. i.~t-c~:;.9,.a~jie~ :qh r
. :; ;~· ·d~ -rhu thap: ctu&t.1 :boi ·\d 'ciHra chu.ncr"Juon .co si.r'.can ban".
-~:ii~ ·i: :t.~.;.1· · -·~:·~<'S.r~.-t:C ~ ~:;,~:····~r-~·:'.y/~· ~I·:·:--·.~!i: . ~/{t. .~:-.:;!·:~: 1!(.· ·•· :..-~.. ~-· -:b.
·:i:·", ·:_:"·:.
1
r,·. · / " " •

l .... · .1Jnh:tf~CJ1.nJ;i_i~rr.iJ}1. tfohJh!n·3tr,ach nhi~m:.dqi YOi.van d~

i; c~(µh;.~s~ch .drti. :~hiing .'~guhi ~~6. tien quan ..J.fnh trach ·r.hi~m
;r :~<?.; m8\tupp.g:-;qu~~\~~.k!la ·n;~ng·c#~P rr~:~IJ._;·ya.:.tinh th'f::;h ·hqp.
:'! '~p '~-~Il :q~~Q:: ~~~;: S.t,'.~ tl.h~n:. thfr~ y~.:P~OI]l~.~i;i,~~ ri~.~ piia qh,(nh
.~ac~. Ji:~:tl. F.-9..,:g:~t,~µgc.:ye..u :~4AJ!R 41~, !'a;h.~yJC~8~g? Qh\n~ _~.~~h
CQ .ciU'.dC V~. b~ri.h':fhto cach·thlfc :n'h~lll:'4~o qr).'g yeu C~U f2.n
• "~'. •; ::-~ ; ,;. ;_.i, • •:.~ ~ ·I . .'· • ·;. , .' ,/.: 'J ' .ti • •
1

thiet .dia. n:han:~:fan '.kfioug? M9t cMnh sach cp the co hi~u qua
va' hi¢u ll!C nptrng chtra M.n do la ·my.c tieu mqi nguai can ma
va muon d<j.t duqc. Vf d1;1, i~n,h. giai.nghiein co. thlmani 1.~
hi~u h;rc, hi~u ·ql'!a: .each tl'ng ·xi'.r- cong 'b~r:ig, nb,,1.r.ng ¢iic}ftb_ . \·
. ..
.-;~ ~.. ·,,
 .. ·-· ............... ,. ·- er.--- - '-'" ---· . \j
phm:mg ti~n giai tr(ti~1,1 :khl~~ han 1&1~nh~gi6i :nghi~m. J ·
. 'fr~h .hqp. phap co rti~ du~c:xent xet cung vai nhem ·tieu ·
·chf chfrih tr!. Bai v1 c"<li: b9 I\i~t t6 the dtrgc ,ban ·hanh va thay ·
.adi than_g_q:µa.:cac,.hqc;ir. d¢.n_:g'.chlnb trj: Ngay.Jqlii;p~t·.a~µ p4~
rich, nha phAn tic]) .co tM. tih'~.n ·.ra zing qa~ lu~t. cac, !Jµy tfic,
hanh ;co tM~·a@Jitibng~ Ct.en: :-&i~c~
~~c :quy 4111h, phip ·1u~t":iii~!l
x~y a~g cac :cnllih s·acfft~~-:ch9il, ·:Neli n:h·i ph'iu(tfc;h n-Mn ·ra
rang cac chlnh sach niong muon. Se: khbng phu :hQ'p Vai cac
lu~t hi~n hanh thl ciing ~hong ·nen bo .qua .cliung; ma.- nen can
nhiic xem.Ii~u phap;Iu~t c6 ,th~ .thay tl6i· d·~ d:c van d~ chinh
tri dtri;fC th·l.JC ·hi~n theo no ~hong.
Tfnh cong hang:· tieu ·chl ,nay .dtrQ:c xem nhtr La lieu chi
chinh tr! khi nhfuig·tac dqng lilia'c nhau .db· :vi¢¢ thay d6f chlrih
sach mang I~i co m9t'fngp.1a. qu-an. tr9ng:. Nhtr da trfoh .bay b
phiin tren, chfnh. sach thay: ~:Ml' .lii~m: kh( t~c d¢ng m{it each
cong bfui'g toi. !at=ca: caq 'nh9m:doi tuqng trong c(}ng·:ci'6ng··ya
rat.it khi liha ph!n tfch Xay dt;rrig. thfJ}h li~Cl,J. ma 1~ kh~ng tinh
den cac yen to b~h ·ngo;ll. .' 13.Cii vl..-V:i~c thay ddi chinh sa.ch
· · thtrong 'duqc dlf ~€n··dl sira.doi nhilng kbac bi~t·dang t6n t~i._
nen cau hoi d~t ra la ii?u cac ·n.norn dO:i :urgng nh~:t- dfnh va ·
cac ca nha:n c6 chia se stj'khOn-g tuong x~ng ay ho~c se nh~n
de lqi 1ch do- v~ may m.a;ng l~. Cac lt;ti ich do c4fnh sach
mang l<!i se duqc' pha.n phm nllu the'. nao ·.g°ifra cac ith6m doi
.ti.rqng co lien qu;i.-n? :Cac thi'~t 11.~i ~a cfi.c nh6rn. doi tuqng .
. k:hac phai ganh chju-si1: nay sinh nhu: fhe'. n~o? Vf(n d~ .lfi cr ¢liQ
·phan phoi i:o'tlg bing c_hu khong phli .ia ·~~ phan'·phqi blnh
d~ng theo nghia dari ·g!arr. Tat d. rihilng gl'
tltlet l~p n~n Sl.f

. ..
.:
234
.. :·'
....•.
·
 •~ :..• • ~.}. ·,.J.:,:
.
' _: ,.: ' • • -.. r

.
•• • ' I'• , ..... •• ~ l'." ....·.
~· ...
: •• :•~• • ; t!"- .•••• '...'!. 't.1•i_·· ....... ~.. · .........-::+·., j:'j!.,•, .-: ..... ,. ,"•... :.•·•1·• .;h"r,~ · :~•:,~ ' ..
·:aof':vorfcac:"6lirhft~saM:c1tia·:thori"c:6\muc li'eµ1iq1f le ¢ung kho

kt~!~di!!i!~t~~~!~f~~f~:~
· tr,ilq·I<;hi.Jhi (~e.m ih~m ~hucing :6). '··'
;., -'<>; ~~~~au\g~.~m~r~qi'.;:-;I.;,¢~;nM~!l:~.~~,g-.Ja,m9t r.i!!u:·:e'hf co rM
.t<f~~~}~j~ft.ttg ~~A~~.:~.~~-~!=;:~c;;9Nn4i.s~l1~lfa·.6fi9n~i'.fhe;o -mqr
l;. . ~¥,:4i~.Ji~.B/:lq;i:;J.lh;H.~~M.ug~.~J.1!tl~~~h1a 1~~.sv~~lJ~q1-nMfr:·gii!a
-~.!1f§i?ft: :\hi'~~~P· P~~'.~:· H~{~i14B:'i.q~~~~~g iM~3 .iya··..chi;·phf;:~o ra
. (duqcftien t~. ho!!) .cua. m9r co qil~!l'.·tjh~:;nu¢..c. $01 vai ·m¢t s6
· ccr 911.an,_ ·Pll~11. tiph .thµ .c~~ ~i!1i~·~~-W.)~.j;1h9t,;,R9IJZ
. ·:-.•;.·..i .;,,,.....-,"l.;.;r ... •
:.. .. i ...; ...... ~~•. : .. ! -.:.·,...:·- ... ,:·:~ .
·,c~1. quan.,
"\·~; .. • .. >1•/~·..1 · "1.~·~··.;·•··
:! • frdifg);oe<· frai{·ket'"·.:aacih': Gia..'" ~:$ach ·foa ·{::hon. N 6. c6 ~he

!t~;~
:"
~1;~,~11~~~'i~$!~~~i~!
2
·'cong:ltdnli:~xaf dliff~~muri:J:ierf'.d .·
Tron ofrei;co~'i:i; d- Ii.hiin a

::,:,.t:1i~u1~~.l{~::S:li~'Jlh!i.fl;i~d:~
U:: •.~.~·i:r,g
11'• :•,.
. :c,. qg;i...qµ;~n.: ~r-9.~.g·.'· ). : ·µ-1:tii,g<p.
,.•·1•!.;.._ . . . . ., :r..... •,!l•f...... ,J • • ' . ,. • .•
~p:
.·~·ii>
. .....
:q.ay <g: ~·i:t. aµ:
..i-.,. ....
1ao; :
-·-., ..........
,,•:·r.•,--·~ ·~'.!
i,I
,,~\dq}J:iJ);~io.fia:tdtiftriih~-i:·r::v11~'.C£rt·iil::r~liffi~fil[rrE:&ai''tfiin~fo~n'.=!cha
;:.i:·· ·1·· ··"·"=?·> .· . ·:.·:·\~:···~°P ·~ . :(: <....... R_.. ··,··.: . !:.~;···r~-.~-:-~ ,.~. . . .;.~ .. :~~·,.,·;;· ... !.~":.tt . . · ·
. .~11an:g:·,tJ1ui:J.qi .ii:u:~·::<i~9:!.C,nfnh:is~Gn~1wf1;~hfin! cnJtng)1~~;:c:6 'the
......~~i:·siiI:iiti:.1~~,xii~~ti P.lief;b~; ~h).f:4.~~tf(fgt:riliU~di:ci. :b~b b~ri ·.ao ·

, ..... '. ·:it~r~:~a~i~t;i~t!~~~~~~2t~:t~;

ci+at,. .d~c ·bi~t 11. Q; 1<"hµ~' d'an 'cu;· rbt .piia:iJ. r£cn::.:r6ri.g·:"rti~: 'rih~p
· hAn'.g:.ruim - t:hiPhr hang ,nani duqc gqi fa. phtm :ttch a~lrh trcrrig
ll;.i tb°fhh. ... . .
.·Hi~u li;c chi ;phf: Hi~,u ly:c chf -ppi .ta, tieu ·chf. thfch hgp
." . .·'

?.?9
 trong trtrO'ng hgp ·m~c· .tie~- .d~t .ra ta ph[[. liQ~. thanh....~:'.'... .· .
nhi{:m vi;l ~~t dinh: trong m¢t thoi' gi~n ..n·g~ nMt~ f;ii~u n
qua ia khong de. Si'.r tl!!~g tieu chf p,~an tfeh hi~u. 1vc:ctil .
se tlm drrcrc .chinh ·sach itra chon n£0. daLdm:16.ftiuc "tietr v "
···· ~iii';hr ;:~. ~ii.it~:acil ·~liin:ucli·ri'i~~iii-·tii~ffiiiii~. '. . · .: -· ·.;:%; ·~.
' . ' .. . . ' '.. ;;1
· ~1'!!!!. iif14_~, t~~ ~~. ~~¢ chfn~:sari~~ltJ~.c~9.n d~Q'~.'mang ·r~:> :if
... -;So. -~anh..co .the .d~. dugc .. m\11?·-tie1,1...ho~c.J.ch6rrg d~t .dtrqc Jll.\l.C'-¥ -.
1
tieu. :l ·
Thu hai,, bat.kf tn~t. lgi'·icfi 'b6 :sung -n~o, n~p~i yi~c .<i'~t. · ~!· _;;.
duqc mi.ic fr~u. ho~? b:i~ kS<m¢t gia:.:tf.fphi ti6n.:t~· #aq, ~~~. : T·
khong quan trqng~ Trorig nhil'ng: itfrong ·hqp !lay c6 iii(; sit . ·1 "
d1;1ng m9t s6 cach.ti'.nh hi~u qua ldnh tl.d~ 'th~a nh~l'.!. nhiirrg ;
chi· phl va. lQ'i kh ·b6 sung. .
· U' u d-i~tn c~a pli~ t~ch hi~.u I~c -. chi phl Ia chi iPhf ;va lqi
fch d~u khorig cltn phfil tft!n· i~ hoa (cht'1 yeu la :_c~a!= bhi· phi'.).
Tieu ch:i.phari tfoh ti~y t4ueing duqc Jp. d1,mg d~:Mnh gia cac
~hinh sach h,ra chgn tu:cf;ng. tt; .nhti chucmg tr1a1t thu .gqm nk
that, ma hi~U l\I'C CUa 'CaC chinh· ~·~.ch lt!a chtjh aY, 'dU'Q'C coi la
nhu nhau. Ti:rc la, mc}t kh{H :l11qng rac .(hai nli~t:d\nh i:lw;rc· thu ·
o
gom, sv thu~n t1~n cho rihari dan rri¢t .mt!c dq:cho· phep, s!f
so sanh ve. m~t my quan. GHtsll' rang nha. phAn ~i~h co th~ tlm
duqc c\lfnh .sach .lip. ch9n co chi phHhap .nhat. P:~~n· tkh 'hi~u
lt,rc - ctii phf khOng;dtra ra gia djnh Ve kha ~ang sirih.lcri; tirih .,
kha thi ho~c hi~u qua k.inh. te ciia chinh sach ho~c ·chuang
tr1nh lga _t:hQn. ;N.6 Y~.t.1. qllh ch,fnh sacQ. lt,r3. cJw~ m.~ng lgi qi~J
!qi i~h ·toi tni~u (hi~u l~c) v~ nhting; il'O h[c tim kiem chi~h·
sach lqa ch9n re nhat.

2,30
231
 . . ... ..·
. · ·,...

h9 ra sao? Nhilng ..nghi11. Y:~ .ph·a~ ly .nao: ·dang tqn: '~~i7 Ya_
nhung ~ghia ·V~ ay ·co #en :quan lftn· ~frc· (i~"fr chf }(hong? Q~c
bO luat, c~c "q·uy .nlc, :tac:'Y~n .t)Af(quy ·pifa.m·.·pht~ :mAt :~/!. c1;1
;ui~ h~a ·gi~t i~n co U:ta·· dtiprin·~'l1tr~¢ (loi: ;;;61 cac-chl:~h" sa.ch
·:-Jva··ch<;)n-.-- ·~ ... -~~,-- .;:.. · •.: _: "'··· •·.:. ···~·-:._ ___ ..... - .. :. ~----
. Vi~c dua ·ra .~hu:hg: -iat pM~· 1# Ve tin,h . kha; .thi vtm~t
chI~h tri ·can stiy x~t kyjvoftg :V.l rt~ung :g{,g9l ,la: khotig:'kha
t:hi h6'm .nay,.c6 th~ se·:Jdi~ hang.'-Yio-ngtcy.·mai, :vl the neu phan
xet la chlnh sach ~ChoIJg cc? tfob.kha ~hi, thl vi'~b .I_t[a ch9n co
th~ se thu dtrqc ket qua kh6ng .tot.. C6 nguOi cha r~ng, thay v1
thiet l~p ..cac tieu chr chfrih tri d$. qu.y.et dinh. xem cai gl kha
·thi va cai gl khong kha thi thl nha phan tfoh n'en phat td~n
khi nang ·dv doan xeni khi nao ~ac. nha 'hq~ch d!nh se dua ra
nhi!ng de
nghi mai Va khl riao t}:t1 cac d:ii;tJ ld~n chfnh tr! Se
OliyC· tiep thu. 9~ thafd~i chlnl). sacb,. . .
4.3.i. M&t.so'cd'c
. ... tii.u
. . ch{chin'h~"ttfcu
. . bdn.
Cac. tieu. ·di£ ch!n:h: trt ~a: cac)1ha pha.n t!ch .thuil.1-ng sit
d1;1ng ·t~ong phfin. tlch la: k4ii~· nfuig dthjc chap n:h;J;n; tf nh thfch
hqp, t!nh trach Iihi~m. tinh·J?hap ly va·tlnh·cong·bang.
. .- .. ~

Kha ria~g ·ouqc ch~p· nb~n ra. .!JlQt' chiqh sach- co dUQ'C
cac nha· ta.oh; a~p cap tien ch,a'.p .nfi~)to~g. qua trlrili. thOng .
qua chfo1i sach ·hay khongi Li~u r~g'. J;J,hi!ng :Pigtim giaa
r~M¢m V·i;i ch0 ca-c aha phfu'1· t~~h·~~ nlilrng·ngu~i co·Uen. quail·.
khac c6 chap nh~n chfnh; sach.mm hay khoiig? 1)'o~g K:bi tht;rc
J1j~~ m9J pb..~n .~foll nh~.Ji.M. pMn. t(ch':phii .danfr.gia .chi'.nh ·
~ad\ h.ra.chQn dt!a tten Iihfrrtg y~ir ttfcci'bwi"nao -o<! ~6 c6' kha'
nang_u_uq.e_c
·- A h.Ap_
' nh~n:uw.e~u,n
·'._,_:'• htiL • 'b•'""h·- t , h'u . :_J;
. .- '; ,;.....Y!0 _g.c.
.ol.. n · ung_ngltC!I_~Q
. chot tiong qu_a trlnh ho~ch dinh chf..Tth sach.,
d~ n~ cliiem dtr~c l
232 1.
. ~•
'i
.r,·

·l·:;:,itfitirig·':l:ihii":'d~uIdaa~··B&1~ifii::i'~o::ilacic:··c:ai:i'''Nih16r·•iii~n.<~on
cong bing' li~n,quan d~ d~o d~!J. :va
·va ro
q€.n van dtic va 19c1
l·t, . . . > ... 1:1 ,. . • !=>' • ,., •.• ' ' '· ' ...,. .. ' \''· '" • " .
~ ··..........
~~h%:1"····-·,'"I.'·•'
1
~ha:~V:.~n:~e:1.
1
~ii1i1~W i~~f~'g ~.~f?ill:~aai ;~µo/.? 4!rifi'.~gh1a
...... ..\..........
~ ?J ........ , •.•• :..·.... ............. ,..•••• .,,:,.,,.~l'-"\,J~ .J,. ... J....--i'° ..:,: ... "•~'j -,... "!'' '•"!:'
· ·'h'hitda . sir-· Jiiir.'·: 'Hiii·!:J!l:'·'i'F1'·'61far.~:·ta¥ ··u•~:tn uttC:tc··!:f11onb-"¢ac 1

·. "\ ''J·~·~..r :r:•.:. :t .' ~J.P.!' p.~~:. f r~~. ~;~t. .. ":~~i:;z. ;:· ,::..~}:.~: ··::;;'.:~ ~~-:.l ~~:l1' ·:'<c :/:::-/::., !:.. ·:. ~ ~J:.f .
:)afon ·~u: ~·'ffiuC''t1o=i:otihi~\.Th'6lit:H~t.:ca:c:11-.-icnac ta\ifec ·.chi tra
.:· :~~b:~~~h:~~,d.JF.'.~.:~~;:~11igf~l~P~~i;',.· ·i' rHi·~~M~:.-~~;:]~K:1Ii~:g'gp~~;~~sac_
·u:B:'"ldtnliiiar1·:
i "1~l'eli markinh Je
treti\c.. .:·. :9. ·t-·.~ .;·..:~.:. .···i.:·.>'.~... ...:. .... ,.ili':IC1ta.~·rn1 :ve·
..;:;: •• ;· •..·:~ ...·~.::._.d.• :~· .~.· l;~> "'.t:~":".l:~~.·
·.cthucrn'if:C.of:5tih'.~~;glito~nH~ff~Wg.
:, I • •. '• _... '"' ,•,•t :•:-.....•
'i.13il1- .. $,tr.:i~'~\Ji?i )~'.\lao'ini?t
!"'"'tt:'t•,. ~:.:
~v
,..::~.·;..,,;..).,,·,-·•o,o,~'·•"'/'':"'•''~'•
•:J:,,<>--;.."", •' '1'.;; •
· ;:an·::_hn~c:;·c!iiion0::.0tt1rth::t-mru1<fH£i;.s~:;:tab':"ni.'tdi·;Wltd1o·.mot
' :: .•:~-..,,• ~
• "".-.••I-~·;·•:,... .~., ·~-.1",,;f .'!:;·,·~~f• .. t:'t:~t
'1'. .~·,1~, '\'•o
...
s6 .,:.,; ..,,
:;nguoi". nao·--~hYVa~frhU:ito;Tn riuol-iiifotfi':ioi
. . ... -, , .. ·:.... .:: ... ,:·~ J? . . '? ~~........ ~-~ ~·
··rah·'i•t-t~-:·
ffii'y.":·~·=\:q-
v •. ..
rht.den·
n·-:·~"'; ~. ~~; ~,:
: ..: ·..:
·bu
·,.{,..· i. \,. :-

.. :ch.a ~hrtnz:a~ :Ph84~;ao~g·'..:~9..r:>'.~cll~'·':q~:U~'~! Jr~~~Ji§.~~. :~~11'(5~1! u

nhUti'g thjei hai :do' ~fli!Cfng~ti:1iin"*g~Y,"ra.' .Vari'l1e .can '.l uu· :y a
. . ·. ". ". ' .... :.....;.,~';,! .~;t_;·:·-~:~•1.·-· -~t ~-;:::·;., :,•.;:?·;:qi:_:;~"·:~· ',::-.,:.;-
..\",· .:•. i"-~-·. ••

day la :,<:o:' r'lle.';:·co"Il}9f:~~f'.~~·r~.h')aclf

•• ·• ~ ~.
·: ••• • .
9ong
•;: . . . .
,~~A_i:rgG .q 1:1-Y ;i;tjnh
·~.· r\~· ··.r ·t~·i··· ,.-t~
. • ,.. ..... • ,·!" • • ,..... .. ••

·rri·or- :each'
•· :..·"':'~
io "iafi&\~i~t-Y.lec:;.tfailli"' thil~'·dm'"'.v6i"·rihfrn.:, n erlJ'oi
· · . · •' : ·/• :'It,• ..~ ~ ...~·:r .. ,· .'(.... ::.-~.~:.;, ,;:...;;";•;};.tdi•t•·~ :-:Wi.~;~~:r.1 .J·f~i,.-:t./ ff i J q:··.:1:.~ ~ ·
:v r ~ u,
1

" 1 ·~air9.r~vy~"?JJ;OF1Jffiafig rat'it:'v0f·Vii1i1riig ··:fig'froE~.it m:C!l." ..

ctu.ang cao toe .(nh~n;g nguCii' i\I" dl}ngdttong caq tocf~,~::f;fldng

. ngJJ.9i~;ph;a.i .do,n g',~91,\~)yv:~ :.nen, .he~ :,tbµo11g, cha ,.nnung'. ng troi bi.
t!J.~~(."h.;~ii. (:p~p. ~1J· "v:~<-~h~g;,qg~~J{JS!iI)'.h:;f:c:\.6~n~ .;o-,.;,.nJ:iijn.g; .,con
. 4,iipijg:~nµ;6:.,c,:firl: ph~Hi£~i;.·p:han..g}. Ti.e\.uchf oln:b. aAng la danh
.g~(~hirrh X~.~..~~i,l~&~~fl~:.:s!.ii,~~~(Y;iJ: Jgijfh :~U~. f~C ;nhpl}l d6i
. ttr9ng i::h!;u'~nh frir~nli'.~tia . giat~g flhll ~b:e:nao? Vf.d\l, l.gi foh
235
 'J
iri,rc tiep do .coµ -dirong. ~ao;._.t.cfc tnlfhg: i<J.I l~. I.rii 1~ ~µ~. nniln~ ·\

_._q~g~lJ~~, ~~flZ:'gg~~~~-,~k.CJ!:-~~i;~~;.;~~~~~~i~~J~~~-~u
lich •.. r\rc:·la :nhtmg'ngWcr!Jtt:qu~·\:;pp.':.d;µ;cmg, de~·,Chtran,$ tJ:lnh
ca to:~·aa.t\nth:u~1~t ~~·iiliin:aitii.;~162-ri-:baiT gqrti-'a.:tlh.tfug
.J1gg~J..~Q9Jig__q~~~~~~t~tichQ.qgJ~ao~iiAEl.~.:EC>:~,d.'!.Cf.1)$...!!·6.
:Neu tl!~ ·thbi khOng: .tfnh it6'n vi~c xay c!tfrtg cbn..d!!-O'ng cao
toe mang l~i Jqt.foh cho to~n ~a: hQi b ·ch& lio :tam tang :them
cac ho{Lt dQ'hg kinh' doanh.• thl. ro. rartg 1a... mtl'c d:i?·t~ci tiqng cua
!qi i'.ch va thue .la ..khong .giohg, :nh;au~· m~u .n4Y. ¢ho ..thay
chttC1ng trlnh cht.i:a man,g f~l)i:i¢.t.:stt blph d~g ho'an::hao trnng
vi~c cung cap dich v~~ Muon ki~in fra tleu :chi· t>iµh r;ting thl
hay xe; nhttni·fac ·a~·ng cua 'chi'.~.·:~~~h ho~~. lgi 1¢h va chi
phi ·tua Chfuh. Sac.h doi. Vqi niiarufan- °(~ac ceng. C!} cfo Jtrcrng
nh!rn vAo vi~c p~fu'i-p~6f'I~i ~hr phf va..lqi .fc:h) c6 cong bang· ·i
liay khong. Trang thl;cc ti, ~.ac dlf an d~ qua }(i~~: .tra 'v~
i
phtwng oi~n .hi~~ .qui du thU:qng hay mang, l<,1i fg~·t°ch .rong..
.
i

Ngohl ia, .co the lci~m.tr.a ·sit blnh dlng :~lra chl~h sach h..ra· .
cht;>n theo each phO bi~n do -la ki.~m tra ~~;-sit ·~on'.g b~ng .trong
~
·vi~c phin ph61 chi. phi ya lgi Ich .tneo c:•:ic 'tien ch!:· (o nhrur ·~
dan. . tronC'
.o vung·. ' (2)
. ioai:thu
• ....... 1 '(3) ·dftti'.to~·
hhao· • ,
(4) d6'· tu61·.' (5J
.
'
giai tfnh; C6) lioan canh gia. cililh; (7} tlnh tqmg sO' h'iJ.11 nh~ o;
(8). hi~n tiµ va." :'lhilng ~au thtian c6 kha ·nang nay sinll trong_ J
• I
tuang lai. . .

Cu· rh~'·tio·a cac·:·tieu ·chl co tirih· kni thi ve: cl1ihh td tri.foc-
khi X:a; d\fng v!t di·nh .~1a'.dc ·~runh sach :tl!a ·~h9~ss gt~~tcho
. cac ·chlrih s.ack 11$a ·.thqrt ph~rr:a~ ·:tttrqc, ·i::·~c..yiu :t~";:hi'l'.i:h tri
qu~n tr-c?ng vfse· d6.'~_!iM~ khigangcJh~nh'.~~q~g.-CoJM n6i
-
. ~£;,· viec . HD.h:. mof
-
. h1~ HCli c'it:lli6n!?. tin aiiiK
.
'p.
. ci¢1ih~.'fndhiz"""

236
 .f',: .· ·l.~> ~9.(·tr.?hg':;H~!!i,t,z·:.';ph~ :.tr9.~g . ~~.m,,;i;:,ua. ph~'-:1 tfc~ . . i;;huyen
. f'.g1:Ii~p-,!~g!;t~g9l1_(~~\~1i~ft'.~~~µ,;µ:~~~tr)~,.:.. :: . ''
·,If~ .';~: :.: i.~. ~~~\~~~~:~~~~t.'i~J1~~~~pjlj;j~~~~.ijji~~-~tri~,,.- .· .. ..
J.. \~r· .;:/: ;:;!_i,ti/ilii::t.Y~i,tfal~diz!fi:iu:i}j.l.~d¢
.. .. ' ··..'"f--. . ;- :·: :··:·· . ngh:fApd1/uz·~·
... chfnh .~~ ,,'! •. ·-~ •. -,· ".. • . .

j ~;:,;.. ,. .,: . :i{N'iu7~dci~~~~:\i¥}~€:}rh~h~Y.·:tfl.~:f~&i·rili)ii;ya):~Mnh lrj ~ua

·~it ·'· :·c~~~h;:~~~h~::lfhj~~-~:'.~~:';·~~~~1;;~~~#,~~ef~#.~.~r·:~~4<~~ri~d!l!c hanh
<':~: ' ... difnlfAva:;,cac%~?ihof.{&1 fruy~n ·iat}~1~b6n~·:dal{ U'fli(dJ.fac, rhi t.ru
·i~. · ~ :'rliic:u~;·¢iirxi11r'.$~ili:1~~~ ~1::ai~?·. H~:~h~tjf~l~rii1·,di~iili~·hi~n ·hanh
0

·:1;~ . c6 du nang lgc ·chl!y~n cai chfuh·sach· v~a'\~q¢t:s6n:g:·khong?

1~:1· ... ·~~9 .-HhO:r.n; ~9iJµgP:g;ffi~~tirp.F~:~~~!i .~~.9,,,~~·~;g);~ i:ac ca nhan
; ~\.. · :"s?.J §.~f.i;~~r~eB1)IW~~~~,~~~)ig~~~~~:;~~X~.~~s"~s~ .1v~.pPw~ ?.. c0 th~
i1 ~i. ·. . :. ~IfaFlP:h~fo~F2fo~~-g§~~~~~-"f1~.~;~~ ~!f :f.h§~~·;g~~.r:~v',1.~El;i[~h ~ach
-~11 .· ,,$.Q.qng_?, :~o.~n!i\i:~g0n_liufi!ig·:;p.~~f!~n~~R.;;a~::.~.nirP. ,11~_~,h,.c.bfn~ sach?
·11
·ii:-
....:.:·~MfriO-.~han·
. ~ ,:!~ ~. t.--:- ~ .'" .:~ ;..\...• ~.~-~~(-'·!l::··.
•J.
1 ~""~". //;~:.l~ .·:~"" :..~··,.~... ~·~':~.J. ·!!" .. ~......":f~· !·~;.J•I""~.;. :.> '·~"' ~..
.. ....•
cne:'.Chf ·h ~ 'e'· '·at.,-...... . C;;\fa':al't"-. • .. riha .hoach
1
'! .. !-
..• "I... ,.-:: ...... E-r;! ...••

·1 ~:::J·•·d1.1;:.::.~h:;.1":.~t..~.z.rl~~ .:!,:~:;::}. :;.z;~;;~1.i~::·.·~t;. ?:

· ..'.:l:.~t~.:· ... ·· •· ··' ~.i\l:;:; ... : ... ·
·: 1~ " : .{~, }ij,!Jqp_g:,i,;hff" • 'g°i)i§.-'' -~·- · 'j~~ . ,q~~~h sach
;.;:, ~ .:.-.: !hf.\filQ~1~~~~~i~¥~:; :'~~"~''·'\'~ )p :ir~mg;~:~ n.h_un~
I ·' ' '.'Z'~:a~n.r.l\:r' ..;., . . . ' Jt",Jn... "Jr3,,1'f!.l-h..U:I!g no .1~1

f. · :·~~~rt~i~:.~t~!!~t~f!i11~t;,:~~n~
:~

1F
c:iifrili)Iif.:no'i:£9:the'~g~p·ipfi:a;i:,sij·'F.1icffriif6i ii:f plJf~<c~c nha hanh
.·: . .chJn:h..~-. · · · ",_:;::: ·· .. · · ·
·< ' ·. ,. j •

·~ 4-.4.~~. 1¥.hJt .~<!/ '-fMu.· ;fL(:qq!,ih: '$J6..t(~~ khd. t!~t. c.if.a {ac
ngb.i?p}zimh phiJ;h .· · .· · ·
:W ~gc.tieu chJ ctf:ilte 9~xemxei: :va~anh.gia khii nang v?n
~; h~nJ~ !!;(la· hq miy-h,ap.h ¢hfn:b, :g6~1 cac t~eu chi quyen igc,
·~ ~r~¢h nhi~m.phip 1)1.,.nar(g{\(C ·Ya'Sl:f ung hQ Cfra ro Cl111'c.

I ~·
 Quyeq iv:c .la :iie11 ~hf can· i.1tli.t ci6 ·rh11q.thi c~h.~~ch~·".j:a,.
can phai dtra no. ·vao 'ch'irih :s'ach. l~i·.QliQn•. Li~u; c(J :qµ,M.,:"t4;.
Ch UC th~~C thi hQ~C ·:nhtfug 'Dgtrof ~tr.a: hhlm· c6 quyin ]1fC. ~ .
1

rang d~ t~o r.a nhihlg thay i:Mi can thl~t?:Li~u. h.c;i c_6;c,tu. quy~n
'"Ivca~ yeu-du~'S\f"ht;i1n~~ ·tu ·eac·-t~~h(cg. h~ijh :doi.tu¢lg ith~7
· Li~u .hQ c@ d·irquy~ii.llfc"dt th& hi~n:s~c,;·m~n:ft.-c~a.mirl~?
Tim -quan troiia• O
·cua.-p·
.
l'ian
· .
..ifcih -'ttori.a-'nu~;·:frlnh.thuc
.O."l. · · •
.thi<la. d·~
dam Mo ·ra:n-g 1.':hilrfr'Sa-Cif-dh'l:li~e·~thetng·~ua.\Se.. tro .thiinh :co
te.
hi~u lgc trong tht}'c: Tuy .nhien1 .cfing. dn ph~i::quan. tarn den
van de qtiyen iht.tc .thi ngay :.tfi..;dau :t_l;cl'ng . qua.'Q;lrih philn trch,.
nh~m tranh,dt.r<tc.~'inh ti:~qgJtMng ai '¢6 t~iJhvc.:~~~!1-·duqc va
clon.g .thai. xac cli·nh.titrqc· nhung thay:d~i c~~ tb:iet;,d6t vcri vi~c
thi~t l~p quye:n Jg<: thgc thi chq ·ck chinh'.sach c6'kh~ nang
duo/c. lva.·chc;m~ · · .
Trach 'rthi~~ :ph~p Jy la 'ti~tt chi VQ d'mg quan.·trQng de;)~
voi ca cap tren"va dirp:ci.tiei. Kh.dng,.chinhtgig quan;ci_l.lic hanh
chlr;ih 'cap cao. ma di:· nhllng cari· b9 cong chtfo lam·vi~c trong
cac ca quan .hanh,c:hlnll·nha nt!O~ Ci~u phiii co .tt;~ch n~i~m do1
vcri viec thuc thi chfoh sach. Sau he't· cac chfnh sach dtu po
lien q~an den vi~~, :thay dtSL .:ha~h ~i ung xu cua ~ac can b¢
con~ ch.uc nba. mr6c. N~u.kh6f!-g co sv. thay dqjtjay thl cho '9li·
la c~c ho~t· dt)ng. nho can. thi~t ,pho vi¢c thl;(c. hi~n. chfhh sach
c.iing co .the· khong:duqc ti€n .hanh. B!µg vi~c tu yen b6 trach
nhi~m phcip ly nh.u hi i:n¢t. tieu chl, chung ta· vua ~ninh duqc .. ·
vi~c ll;l'a·ch~m nli!m m9t. chl1;1h>sacb h-0an toan khong c6 kha .
nang hi~n tQ.l,l'C hoa va vita t~p trung. dui;tc s1{quan .tam vf! ·
nnung thay d6imang.O:nh rO ci1li'c c~fi tnittcho vt¢t thl!c hi¢n ~.
m¢t chfnh_ saCldtFa ch<;m.

238
 . Tieu, chf na~g: lite: D.ay ~q~g ,~a. !!19t t~eu chi can thlet
_c~o vi~c.::i~li,c:~'.thf~6~1tjh;._g.;iB~i 1'.N~'.if·1V{ i1 day wa b~o ham
n~~g1y-c·~~a¥;· :.:,(;ac._can ·b¢;c:o.:cig,cQP,:~~:vtt11J~ k~4.nang .ctap
..,H . .:.1 ~·::.,.<:.t; if . ·:.~!.:~:p··'."';;i ~:"e.;.l::.r.\:;·.~.} ·: -:.ft:,·';.:~: .t~!i. · ..:.~·~;•.••:·
~ ,...:.... :·f,":. ····~ , ... ·;._! ~u· 1 .
ung..
· ·>':Y.e ~n}'.~t;l.ar"<::fffn11:~ ·Ll~u C,ac :~d':.qui:i;ri to chtfo ''th.Ve t.h.i .c6 the
hoan"..thann:ciuct2 nhung"rihi~m vu ·4a cap iren gi·~~,·:~h9_11g?
:tl21l:~.:~;a·11au;:¢h.u~i~u~~~~~~iltAh.'~ktc:~9:i~1;1~W?~~eriIJ!fr~ li~i!h co.· au
.•. ky· 'riirtg 5!'~ti -thiir:d~ tii~n ~~~i ~1\gcJm<:~~jµIi:.'.?~P.li)tiib.iig?. co
qU~Cl 'i3 ch ik'.th~.C t •·. "6;du. ,k&a,,:ri.an &.~v~.j"rl~t· t~.i#!hfnh M .ho~n
·:J~~fi~~g~~~[~~~t'. ~~~~9:£~J,;(9:~~~~r~~~d,q;,~¢~.·$0.·c~·c c~~~~
.s.~.¢.h· ~,F':tn:1~:r9~t:1a, ·:nhun,g. y¢u c·au· ve =m~tJ~y.;thaj.t :va ta1
c~inti .aa ·vu:¢ 'l.':1~ rt~~g:Jt.fF:. ;cAa,.1=:~~iH%JV·~~m. tR,,~l1uc tlwc thi
·.·:·." /va<:d'1;dcafi\fiojc6.fig tfi"t1C:~fihic;fi'lt&Jl'.j;i{/'~}-Ji,:;d~u chf nay ia ral

•,(•·I
.,~~i~f
·d'oi
~~c,~;~~~~~;~at~:,1r;tf~~;·;~~
fad ·~~
;~:;
dieu;kf~nic.ho·::YitcHirHrt]h1>b1mifi"s:~tc:b:~',
··: "' .
• • • • • . •. • .~ -'.·· •• ,. ; " . i' :O' •. ' ' • '. ··~·· . ;; . : . . • • ~: ....

· .S.I! tng..h9 :,ci'.i~ ~~C: ::r6 ~~h!;fc ciiQ.g 'l&~ m¢t tieu chi qup.n
lz:g;J;Lg :biJi v.l"vl~~--·~~Q'.C t.hi, ~e '~bpng .,a~i ~~~~ ~l#~U q~a neu chi
.P6 quy~n.b.rt v~· frach .nhi~m··:9~~'..11%trPr:·::~hl) ,~111:it..ciii_ng ·dau.
qiii .t~lrin Jh~¢ .~hi co.n ·~liii":ph~i .c:6:·:.d'11. :c~~.::pl.iirqng 't.i¢rt, :de
tr~ng-thi~t bi ·va ·qac dich.:v.1{hti ~<! kM,c~ Li¥.u :¢~,;· trang thict
.....
bJ,.'. ca¢:-phi,i:ang ti~n n&,y:.aa 9.o ~~r.:. cb;ira; 'Neu c6 :rhi. ch!.lp.g ~e
ciJ.rqe ·d4p ·~ng ·nhU' th.~ n·ao .lcri chfr;h sa~h di.rq·c r6 cMc trit!n
kha( · ·

239
·r:
 ··. ;

cAn:a6i:THAO:tttA:N~oHt.rd1'itt
. . . . . ';,· ·. .
.... 7

·.eau 1. Anh {:~hH cho··bt~t· viU tr9: c~a tteu .ohf t~6ng:pliJfo.,.
ticb. . . ., . ~·.. . . ~: . .. .
Cali 2. KiU th:i~r !:~p ti~U- ehi -~hiaT.ti~i~: 2in da~ b~o
-·· ··· . · n~iliitY-~ti·au .~c;~ ·· ·. · ··
. Cau ~~. T~ong.tliiJc'.te;'.khl.phan t1¢.h·ch(Jill~.a.t:hcac nha ..
ph~n tfch. thuong hay ~ii: diJ.~g. ....~hfrng:tieu
' . .
·~hi nao.7 Lien:M vai '
mfoc ta.
Cau 4.. £>~ pha.:µ' tfch·~t(~h :k~a· thi ,v6: . in~t t~i chlnh, nha
phan tfch can d6n nhfm:g t'ieu.c~J;. nlb1
Cau 5~ D~ pba.n ·~t~~· t~iµi' kfia thi vt.Jn~.t chlhh tri1 nha ..
phlin .tkh cart sit d\!Iig nh.inlg tieu cb:f ·rrao? .

...
~

240
 ;·'·'

.·. .~.: :~·~ ~: .. ;)~y.. ;·.. ~ ......

.·,/ - ,. .- : : : · ·'. -·.'::.,f?.t!~~(!.~;.~;:, :;,;;.. ·~ ;: .·'
•.
'• ·.;· ::
TO C}i.~C''·c·oMG'TAC~'PHAMTICHCHtNH SAOH
. .. -:.,: ....:...· ·· :'~! ·~ ,:.. :; . ;.;.1:."~r• .. '.'.·~".{, ·'r;i~:f ~:.-:-~:.:~:,.,....:t.·.::...,:~.i ~1 ~. :. • ,. •

;_ ·~1a§~ :cii~:li?~t :·&¢rii:'P~~i¥}H~w·~fir~f(s~.c:11Jn~ri'h1 ·cfiti~n

iq1 ~dfi.rig.Jiied ·q~i i~rh':w,·q~f1<:€r:fq:atrmQ~g:;rf:t"ti<5n;1 ·nnad111et
.p~ai)e? ~hud':::c;~Hk'.t~c'. -.P.'tfun?ir~h rh~i'·:lffi'oW'ti~b,i'hqiJ. 'ly.irN!!i

·~;~~~~~~;~~~;~!f1t~~~~~~c~~~f~~;;~:~
·' ;'»:'.: ·~. ':~:... , .·:''_'" /"~:. ·~i·;i}l::~;~~·\~l:)/~~::. : r;;;·~i_. . :·~;:~c:::i~;~,.:
":l.. :, :XA:G·I}IN.H'1.{3HU.-'.EtrE~~JiA.~T::;i,,:1;C}ti.GHIN;H~S1'i\~h ..,

,. ,~i~~!~~;:~(:t~~'!:;~~;;~n:~,~o
.ra :nh.µµg: :.t~~"~d:Q.n:g· trofig,:~oJ-qiiau h~ty6'J";:q\lc· ~.9J.I.c Jb,~: .kJiac.
. . '::·· ..... ~ ;...:··.;~,·: ..;~· .. ,.,.•...... ,::t"; :/;,-...~·:~ .• · •.: ,.,, " ·:,, .... ,, ... · '
· Nhtr v~y ,co ..·tP:e· ;hr~u'·;cftY.:. JlJ.e"·:pn:a_n".H~h:.-chl'nh :~a,ch ·la
.' ~~J~~ ~r?:~~.~~1;~h,a~··5~~A.~~,~~~~~~~~~~fiii~·~~~··xe:~::;*e~', ·dan~
. · ggi. ;cgG· ·qua; :,trmh. •chui):i . sa:~Ji··:ete.:.p·Hi '-.:ri::>nhung: ·mo.1 -..quan. ht;.
·µt,a~g<~(~fr quy iu·~t.'Jiiut~C:~c y~tl. urea~ tlianll;'t!'.~pg· ho~t ~¢ng
:,·ohh¥ $.:~:$:h·•. · . . : ·..... .· >:' · • ·
0

\r(chfo.h sa9l\ 'baQ. g6m :n:niei.i .1o¥i,, cho rihieu nh6m· lc;ii
..ich khac nha.:u pen 'thrun gin. ·phan tfolr ·elun,b. s~ch ding co
:nhieti. chu th.~·. c~~· chu th~ p.: :ln tich co th~ cfo<;ic ·phan .t.fch
·tl1~_rih;hai"1o~J c~ b~h silu -day.: .

,... ~ ... .
 . ·~ :.
--H.·
: ·~ .
Nha. mroc
. la" clill .rli~··hoa~h
". . . .dlnh . ... . .. · .,~:
.. va. 'to. ch1k thttc·.thf ~

chfnh sci.ch· cohg nr;!n ciing,la.ch.i:t ·th~ .PM~· tfoh dunh s~izh db:tI: ·... ·
y€u v.a phb l;ii6n nML ·r3f:ia D.~6.c ti€n hB.;n:h :·phan tich chinh · ·
siich de danh gi.a dttc;rc nb.i!ng· tien ·b9 x~ h¢i trin· c~c linh v~c ·. ·· :: ·
do chinh sach ctia Nb~ mrG'c hl.ang]fl.l. :Pp11g ~(ti t;~~g· tb!Y. · ::·~ .
.dirq.c nhling Y~.-~~..mP.:LP.ML~~ll ·cttn ditq~. gW quy~t:,bang· '
chlnh sach d~ xa h¢i tiep· we tdrt t~tph.(t •trlen iheo djnh
huong. Nhrr v~y phan .tfch ··chtnh sac~· gidp .Nb.A n:m:k~pliat
·hi¢n, ·rlm ·kiem va Iga chgµ .~uqc nli(tug~vitn ·~~. ehinh:sa~h ..
khi va~bfoh s~ch clttc;rC:'i.acdfrih, Nh~ nuoc·pllru th~"hi¢n
chfnh. kien ciia mlnh trong_ vigc cr~g xir vcri :ciic :van d~ do blmg
.~~!nh..~~.c~. p~~~..tl,c,!i chinh ~ach ,.g.iup.clio }\iha nuoc·: tlrrt dugc
each ung ~ir thkh hgi:_> v6i ;t'lrng ·van ·a~ ':lcinh'. te, ;;.a h~i •. riioi
·truong thee djnh htrong. ·ta.en uqg x.ir ·~~a.. Nha nu69 .duqc· the
hi~n Clf th~ b~Qg, .ffi\lC tieu va cac bi~rt pliap trc;mg: mOi ·'?hfnh
sach. Nh11 v~y phAn tich chfnh s:foh gitip ch:o Nha nucrc ho~ch
d!nh duqc chfnh sach cho .tl:rrig Tinh Vl:/.C, doi tugng Ct} ~h~~ De
kh&~g dinh tinh kha tlil cua <::blnh:sac~trtiiS'C khi..dtta·.·vao lh!fC
hi~n 1 Nhi nu&c phai tien ban~ phAn tfch .~l'.nh.. phu. hgp gifra
ffil.)C tieu, bl~n phap 6bfoh sach mai .h(>~cb. dfnh Va di'eu ki~n
C\l th€ CUa niOi 'trttffiig' ehfhh ·$'aoh .. K.hi chfnh. -0ach ·difqc ban
bo va trit!n 'khai. .th\Tb hi~n, ~11a::.nuoc phlti t!11r0rig xuye~ pha.n
Heh tlnh-'hlnh t6' ¢hU:~· th1fc *id~'· b6 .sung, hoa~ thi~h ca· n¢1 ..
dung chinh sach. va . bi¢n phap thgc 'hi¢n. I:fo~t d¢ng P.hfui ffch . :
chfnh sach ci.ta.NhiLm.roi:::
-- -·-
,..
..Iti0n
·---· - - . . the.o.'.sat oh(nb
·--· ' . . . sifob):~
.. .ti;o.o.g
..
h6~ch dhih va thi,rc thi dl' danh gia· dugc ahinh xac ioari b¢
qua trlnh chfnh sach~ Tdng .K~t nhii'ng liinh ngQi~m lfun .ch:lnh ·
sach ·cho cac qua tI-lnh chinh· Sa.ch tiep.iheo ~~,'icfi~ng-ngtfng
.. ...:.-·,.
-:'i
2A2 •. '•
...
·. · .· ;,~tl~~~::::J:!-:c\!£Wt•!rh,B!.:.:g0 5,;/Jf!.'fi~n. cUa

;:~··: h:~:it.i;li~&#,IJ'~$~u?~fig::t45t~qc·.i~y.ru\ftig .n.~·:tno~g··pl}~n .1ich

.. : ,,:. 1•.. chfoif1,$!'£~ i,·vi;};gi~o ·,..i£.¥a·'~::· · '.~f~.:.~9~.~ri~1'ii~} ~~~~.~~ ·f~hN'::~~~ach
·::,;J(' · ·· .. · ""~"· ~Rh~i;:.eactii6af/ "'<~rfi!~i{' ,.. "~~~1htr ~fhina
• •1 ~ ~. ' .~,~. . . . . ., "fi ·~·· .. ,; •. •· .. ~·:"·~·'"' . , 11:·. ' ..•;...~it·\ ...':!·.r~ .. ~ .. b
~ .~1i'
. ,·~·•i· ... ·.1.
t.riJ.id.ia:-·phuciii'd{:·~D6rtg'~rKM~1,lmf
\~;., ....... .,. ·:1' . ~. ~
.·~r·! Haiih ·:cac- che
•, .... :. .. .1. .. ; .. "-. ·-•;.;:.::.·.:-:t~:'f~::: .. ;.t;1:.t•. .~.. · .. t:.·-::1,•.:· ..
.C:h~ ·~e .(!uy trl :cac':fal~t" d(mg phan. tfcll!'.cnnth"~at:h ·~lieo· ~tn h
h·;+Anr:r.
~.v,.1- b ..
· · .. .
: . ... . . : ~;,~:._ ... : f·,\<". :·~! ... \:p?i :~>·..
·.... · .:-:-~··
.• :;.. ~~·· . ' ..
4 ~ ~}~~~~-·~:~~::. ~·-~·:;~.;j~'·~: "'" .··~ .. · ·'' ' .. : •:\ ....... .,. .·. . •:, . . , ..... :,-.:~·.. ':.,~.j·.:·, .. · :~·:.
.. ·1 •

. , ·::_, ·:.;1.i':rtlffh~i?:9-:Y.£:f:9.i4~1'.t.'}.1JMyrn11a~.ij,¥.gc::la:,cb,.~P:'~h~;:pp
.. ;=-.i·
,~;ay
........:;·.-\·.··:--..... ,,, •.• ~''-'"'···~·" .:.· ..... :' ... ..,.,:./·".::if. ·. ;.:....., ..
du tu·
....-.,,;- f•. ~ .. ·-..;.: •• / · ·... ·~·r;~;.~ t.:~·

. ~·,;f,.a~.h'J~~~P-*!1.l'i~.~·,,e;!J.pg~4uyt:n·ifi:e::-p1iaa?:t1c.rrf'.¢lhtih ~~cli:.-~?ng .
...,.i:P.:~11i:;~fi·?J(ii:~;n./iiti~rJf~P.·~1J'ah1L~i~P.k:f.~liaP.;1y,' ~~ pb~ti'.t'fo¥( cti~nh
'·.~~!:~~~~~~~~.~~«~t~~";~;;t*' '\•'"'f. ,. -··· .
· J,3~·Cbu, tne··p.f!an ~fch.i~·.c.~.c. to, ~h,qc,¢~:'):i:h?!~·tr.ong
.:.:f~.~~Q:Vi,::,~·.::·~1"~·:,.~·::;..:.:·;::L,f;..:.:. ·.: :· · ·.:•:. :·::', . :. : · ·. "·: ·.
... '~ ·'·':/~~ · Nhir··dji biet'. · · '· i~:sacnAtua:;;1~TM"Jrl.ttog.j.1:a:a::;doria:.. aen
~';t'° ~~; ·~]}~fiJf~~~··' . t:"-'~:r,:,:·:"'._':::;:@~;i,~~~~¥~~1:~~!-;Ef~~~~bac.
lii.rc.,1£>,e/ba~i,r.:v:e,1s:ruy~n.Jm ~·cho
·. .. .. "';··"'"'~>i·.. !>:-:~~,~~~~·· ~.~~~~·i:t·~'~",,:. ··r~~~i~~~iif~~~~.;:Jn~;~ 4oi,
giam !lar .qua":trftlIUclitii.li ·s~cli . e'lio'.ti'chhanh
~'.... .. " '. ,. • • .. • .:..
nhU:ng chu
···~~·'·~ .........: . . . . .~!-
..-·.:; .. ·..
.. . :; ... :~ ...::..... : t'~~;~' ~,_x; ··~~,.: ;~·~;.:.;· ·:::::-~·~tj, ·~ ,.;~·:
.. . . . :tq~ ,pl):~:rift+ch":ehiriti;'S~qlfbliU:ye.ifWgh1~p'val):'l19.11g:;c.h ~y~n. ·

.,, .. .

.. . :.··,#:'Q·:·8~~kPN*·:~l~~3~.~~~.'~¥o[;v,9J9i;ich c~a t9 ~litre ·m1uh

. 2.43
 l·
bang each. a.e: trlnli ·ien. ·N:ha .{D'.~6¢ :4{.ban· hanh «:11tiih ·sach }
nh~m d~p lln~ .nhrhtg m~111nn~611,..y;e.u::·c1r~ CH~~~~i~.'..:.t;~L6buc ..
Muon cir. rririh ,chfnh :'s~ch ·'dude. Nii~, -riircrc ·.eh~if:'ihii~n ban
.... • OM • ...... • •

Mnh; ·h9. p·!Jili tnucrng: X:Uy.en: phiin tfch:: d~. phB;tJii*n~µhung ,van
·de 1~'11. art.~ ·~uiln:ig· aen·'t:JU~~n·!!i1i:~tia.~h9~::v.a..xa: h~Lttong: chfnh
sach hl¢n lfanii. Tren co so d6 ma oe,xuai. rihµn·g:-sang: kien
ch!nh sach: 'Cua mlnh. ..
,

Cac ro· chuc la nhurrg te hao 'caii thanh xa h¢i; nen .

nhung bi en d¢ng fieu .ctjc lam anh
htibng tii'!u. ctfc cii!,n):'.a..h¢i
cung se ram: t6n, h~i den;~. lQi ·fch. cu$; J19. Vl the' cac t9 ·chuc
ph~.i thuong xuyeri pha.n. ;tfoh ·chfah sacti c6ng,·«:tii :·~heo ci5i
om;tc nhung bien d¢~g, v8. kinh l~ ~ x.~ 'h¢i Ji~·n. quim. d~n lqi
fch cua r6 chuc mlnh d~ :iqP. ~hcri cie x.uat v6i Nha .nacre ban f
hanh chfoh sach. · 1
~

·cac to.
chtic ·tien. h~h :Phan tfch chin4 s~9h~ thtterng . i\
.xuyen d~ thay· ch.tqc r.tiitc .dg:"tiic:'d¢ng:-c~:a; ·ohinfr:.sii~l1:4en 19i · ·!;
ich cua m6i t6 ·chU:c,• tt'dt6 d~ K~t:ri}ifuig· chttoirg ;tt'ii,ili. :chien 'i;.
luqc. lien· ket :vdi cac ·ta· cfak ·kha~ ·:nhfur! t~ci ra nhil'ng lQi th€ i'
c¢ng huang cho hQ ti'I nhrirtg clllnh sath hi~n:co. . . 'j .
l
D.~· r5n.t~ ·v~ phift tri$n,: t:ac tci':~hiic C?ilng tan ban hanh \
.~
· chfnh sach trong .Ph~ vj.lio~t .d~Iig :clia mlnh .nen h<? phai
tht.tcrng xuyen phlln tlch ca.' .chinh Sach cong>v! Cliiiih sich tl!
d~ thay dti'fc ..sv tt!~.g d~ng-. giira c:~c Jo~.i cbJnh .Sach .nay. .
DcSng thC1i giup cha chfn:h sach m6i c~a. t6 chut ban hanh dap
ung .~u9c ye17 c~u phat td~n cua 'to 'chdc .irong mo'i trtr~~g ..
~
r·.
chinh sach vi rno.'cua Nh.a.ntroc.
·Xet tremm~t.,g6c~d41_n~od6,.cac;t& .chtfo phm. tf~h chinh ·~...·~i ,_

sach thuang xuy~n co m6i lien h~ :kha th6ng· nh1't vai Nha ..
... '· ~ .
~
244 §I
~
 /~~·~q~(HQ-~C.o. ff,ar;:h~hi~m)~u:ng)fP.~·:I1uoe;.:o6 sµng k~t qua

1i;~;l~~1i~f1~~~~··:6:~~:.~~;~!·:."feh,~b:ru;·,acb
~·: . ,; ·J;·3:· .,, :".n eanh: cac;t6-ch'Pc CO'tu>cach.phap nlL¢rdD.

4~~i~j~~-. ~li~~1~1~li~f!:~t£~~:~
~Q~g

... ·.,• ':'.· ';!'"•·· •• 1.•.•.:.·.:;"",¢,huy.~n'·n.gfj.jeg'.·.c!l:u.}fe

:· ,;_V.P:Hu, .c:<!.ch -.cij:,..•nlJ.ii..n ..
;.':'.>.~:::.f·::f'!:-':1:·:··~.:~··
..chinh siph,
;,J ' • ' ..... ·,: ..._-:~··· ·'-· . . . . . .

" :~a~ chuy6n __gia ·v~ n°Mi:'kho~ h9C luon: l~rl) ~i~m. nhfrng St\ng
-·'·ki~~ cP.o .gµ~:ti:lrik.eh;frin s4.ch:::E)~-.c6 4i:rgc;·ket qua.nghlen cuu
· v~ c~foh·.sach 69 phai"t11 d'uy tren ca sCi nhfrng ·riguyen 1y v~.n
· .pJ?~g;_,~;~~ .f.~9 .1,.~~ t.8'.:f;~UJ!'.~!l~ ·-H!;!~/trinh pqfph saeh .ket ·hqp
:~~;[.(~~4~~fffi~·;-~~~i~~fui:';~~}~:;;~~1;iw!~v;~t~::'.~;,;·~°.c;~';:~~~
· .;, :~b:fnli: · .h·::.rt.enJ::thi.r.c.>"tt;so\¥oiJ}'~ ~tnuje(·at .·~6.:;:duac, nh frng
_.: -~~;~:£:.f.!~; tl~tt~r~tl;:~~e~:·h~~d~~i·:;&~~i'[~4~~~¥Ei.~P,::~fr.:?1:;,u-.~_~:Jiay
. j· -
:r.
liifnaj ~~eii'
~-..~!~,~;:,:'?.!..·
'.cua.ca: bb:ati
.. .,.:.;';:~ ... :..;,:
·v~:.'cihfrilF.sii~h.>nh
~=>·:; 1;.~..~~~-~:1-i" ..i:t:!-~··~;:i.:! ,;'~.;-
! ,..... ['l' {j,
tiirn: rieu. no
~t:11:::·.; .:.f' . . :~i ,~
.•• :. .....
· :·~·:·~·,.~
, ,,
~:;:;::~1f;qµ~µ·:iam.·~h,i.1 ;fc~~l!"49#a·;d.ao:·ca~ t"an·gq&p. rro1rn
"':,•.~:. f,1~, 1 ,,,.•",-:· ... .;~,l\·,~:.f-•H'..••\•;: ';,~,."~··Ji~;'~'·'.•! .f,":O;,.,.,.,.. ,•H.\:"·.' • ,, ..,.,. .. ~ •, ~ .t. ·,

xa'Jioi,
' .. n6 ·se· ccl·cc:rfieii
.. . van .d:e chfoh•. ·.saclf.cua·
tr.& ihanh ..-~· . .Nhil.
. : •, ~···

nuoc hay .cua.:·c~c r6 .chuc trong x.a h¢i.

.... · . . "·~.-~:..r ..~.· ..·~·:... ';;.· ..:;., ,' :: .: J.. :;·.. ~ !

. .1:'3.•3~J;ac.,~.1!,u .tl!-e.ith-a1*,~f~# ,r;l~lith ~a,~~:khorzg t~rt_ii·f!g

~~f~~: . •". _.·: •..:.... ·r_··, .,,;_:'..>· .. :' ; ·. ~--· ..
,:·£;5:~y:tthuq~g:J~.c:~9:~9i ~t;tqg~ phJit~:s~Fh t:hu9c ~oi.Ah6m
. ··
. . . .•.' •• • . . . . ; .• ·,: .· 1 "' . • ..• ....' •• 1 -
.. 1(1.i',J~h;.~.to~g·.p:}J; J'!-9i· '..B.~P...h Jl11-i:<::1.n;g; P9' ,1t::B 4-?-n ·_tarn. . .o.en .nnung
'. !fi#ri~¢6.Jc~ ·i;~1;;-,:·y} :h9".iu6~·:,ti.~L~¥~g_iva:.9_~91· ~WJlh: s:~.c.11 -~ha
·. 'fiiicfo~ fi~:~1~:6n·'.;h,~ .;~·~:g' i~i"fc:h:_~u~'~foi(iihortg rhe b! anh
hltbng v1 n6 ~~m tr.ong !qi.ich chung--.ciii:nhom i:heo nguy_en
:tac: "oongum 'eo ra< Nh.t.rrtg:oat-thttong xay ra m¢t van cte iern,
245 .
 ~.I( .. ~.ti:•~.... · ........... ~ .... · · · · · · : , ':. ·..........
. c6 tac tlgng nJ~nh den.tU'.t:.ta.~g cu(hQ ·nhu 'X?i.Y -fa rnqtv1rta1
n~n giao thong .nghiem trc;in.g, ho~c hQ liep: xtic,voi m9:t rhOng ., ..
rin ve i;noi trtrong:.tren, ca~ ,phttdn.gli~n.th~~g tin d~· cf.ni'ng ·d~
g.ay ta c:ho hQ tri9t c~m ~xt1c m~rlh'· ~~n hQ; .. ph~i"ti~n.-:h~nh;. 1

phfui tich tac· dqng cua: nb;ibig ·e:n-rrui s~cli'hf~fr'thb'i: d6. dlii!::J:'.,li: ."-
nhfrng yeu cau cg thi°.v6i tp·chirc hay.nlliit:·ni:rqc. cac·:¢ii~:t1i6 ;
n~y "I<li6n_g
____ ;.._~
thrrcmg xllye~ phan.
.....-----------·.:.-.:......__,,. .
tfcK. ~'ii.riilf
.
,·;~!ch. n~~. :6.hrfug
. .. .
~· .
.·.
.. . . ' .
sang kien chinh sach .c.tiif"hi;>_'ifatrgc-clfap :ntrrn.·aua ~ad. rfgbj. ~;--
tdnh chfoh· sach, do m~ng :tthi~u cam ffnh ~a.·rthatt, khong h~· .
thong va thieu tfrih thuyet P.hl}c
....
To cH.uc HE nr6NG PHAN
.. . .
. ~.
Tfca c:at1m
.. sA.c:a .
.. •' . ' .

2.1. S!$ ·c&n thiet ph·ai :lil.~h ~h:~nh:·n·~·thong p,h_an·,tfcb.

chinh s~foh

2.1.1. Miic dil cktdh- sack do Nha itii&c.biui hank bao

·g5m nhi~u lo~iJ~h~~·nhaU fifitt4a tr,1~h b~i~'ChtrmJ~ 1 hhi:mg·
viin ·t~o th~nh m<)t h~ thong~ ·tic i;;h!nh sa¢}J; nha ni!ot ·thong.-
nh!t Vt ffi\lC lieu, .lheing nnit V~ CC1 cµe ta¢ ·dQngt th6ng nli~t 0

trong dibJ harih, thong ~h~t ve' :th~. chl tic· dQ,ng cl~!l eac-d~i
tugng irong qua tr1nh. cbrnh :sach v.v... Do .tµih· thO'ng )ihat cua,
h~ thong chfnh skh nen ciing· can c6
Sil nb,:ft:quan trong philrt
Heh chfnh sach. .
2.1.2. Ml!-!= .tieu cua ·cdc·.1!-o!ft -~i}ng ph~n. tfch chfnh
s1.folz la de khong "ng~g hoatt thi~n chfrih ·sich .nlia <hU'qc v~:
ml.fc tieµ, bi¢n pMp-, Yi ili6 ph~-tfoh,.chfnh.sach cung pltai t~p
trung ph1;1_c Vl;l tho ·~\lC ·tieu do; Mt}C: ~ieti -~µa chi~h ·sa:ch 1i
. ·nhuqg di,r :kieq trong· rm:tllg· Ja:i. nen 'khi~·tr~n· kl}~ v.ao ;thg-c te
ngtYona thuong:thift k~ t~~"<:ac mqc"tfeu b9 . pli~irchd cac . .,
..... !-~- - ..

246
1
 I

J ·Chuang frlnh, d(rin. Tu:ang ig nhuy~y vai vi~c. Ch% hi~J~ cac
i,~ ;.cc(cb€~ '.IJ'i~rr~p.n~P:\:µiii~hfnfil~~cb;0''.D.~:d~t~du!Je :~#~:;fie ii :·phan

·1 \''..~t~~~~~:::~~,:·:~¥:~~;~:1~::::i?::: 1
·1 c~c.:~:,&a!lh.\'.'d.l:aiipj(gdqg")<l}'.i8\~h~~'.~:4~~~·~~l~~~t-~}~~:~t.~t pl.~il;u
.ca .q·ua.ii n:11a. .i:il.f6c c~c;'~li°'!Vkitt&faii~Il!::Jth~cYg:a~~aa'n ·a€ii. ket
1

'! ,,.:t~·~~l~~~$·;:tNiS~!P:Ri~~·~.~ ~~fi~~;1$i6ifaf~~.1i'u':t1~ii~2si3''·:~?, ph~n

I .,. .ii!t\i~%~:~ra~;li~:~;$i~~:~
1·
vAri7ph~i'·.iii6iig ~hit ~ron'g phari t~ch.Clifoh,sach ye·quar{ i:fi~m,
i tfr~!,·;~.~~g~:~Z\~~ff~!:,,P~~?~~,)J,10~P)~~Y:.-: . . .· .··.. .
· 1· . . :m1nri,g l.f do .chu y¥t+ tre.n -day cho th[fy:. . wu'on co s~r .
ihefng. n!iift tto'n" liMn itch ehfnh :~ich iruQq .'\]Ohi!hii hlnh

II· ·:~...::~~:~t!~!~~
6

f~'.~f !ffl~~i~~f:F::~:h
1

;. ',.}.· M.!:t~?.,£~8f,t'?}h.9.~tA9:r1g:;:ptr~n/tJRh:'-~'1w~,? .~:~~h-.;q,1~n, ra

I/ .·";i~l-l~~~~~!~i%~!!;~~=~~~~;~y~~
v;~P,:}}~1}./fy;;~Jt~~(ippgg p~u.;v~y
:pJ1afba6· go.m :cac ro chu ~yeu:..

., ~fa':;Jt~@ii.~Wcf/tp§~
1
• ·· th&n-a· -fheP.'inot
.~1d cMc:
hcri:(rfi~iih-"lie
t~ baQ i6'1' c&c yeu
quy..;i;no ·v.a:cc{cau.. nhat .ctirih·:de
1 . ,'.i;·?.Jii;·.~~~;4,i~~-J'i~.9;~~~:;g:ij~4~1:.·P,~,~;;h~:ihef;~r£~_c:yi~: ~~ t?
l , ;chup :phaLphti hgp '.Y.P,:Lh{. 1li8i;i:g~.'pb,lin, 'f~h:·,cµmh.~ch '~e t1011
!

247
 chac, d~c di'~rn· v.a..dic% ;,ki~TI;·t5n t~i:~h~f ~inh.:tti:y:.t4~9 chu ky
song ~tia ~b1~:sac~' m~.f~~ ¥€1i:·t~:-t6:c~l1q.:cttu,:'tii~Ith~:lnon :
phan 1fon ·cfiltin; sach t~'n;. t.~1: 6I:r dfnli.' d~n' ·rria~ :nao. :\ie>nilft
1LrQt1g. cac yeu tO. nay ge~ cd: ," . .
Nhtrti's~ t~ong ~~)~i~~·l~ .y€u.i6 ,chii·.'.r,t~ ~a.n.g~ ciiu
--~-qtiyet <l1nfi'd~n-;t,r. t6tt.-tiµ.:ciiiTh~)h6ni-··--~ .... ·· ·
Co so "4t .chat ~y''.th.u1't :Pht.ic Y't .clici ho~t 'ci9ngJ~b,An, ri'ch
chinh sach .bao g6m to1ul · b¢ cite ·c·otig ttinh ·kJ¥n. tr'ilc, v~t
dl}~g. phucrng tif?n, trang 'bf ky. tb'u~t v.v... Dity I~ ye;u to trc;t
giup ho;:i.t d¢ng cho nhan slf lam cong tac philn tfch chinh
sci.ch.
Ngti6n l11c tai chinh d~ -:duy trt cab·ho~t .d.Qng. phan tfch
th.uang ,x uyen~
. '· Thong tin de 1~9 chtrt:"Ii~i.i c.h:o ·cac .qmttt1_rih·phair tfch.
. 't'•

. Moi ttilong, khan~ ,gla~·de. tl!O l~p dja ban c~o elk ho~t:
dqng pM1.t t1Ch •••
Nhilng yeu to v~ lttgng. t.ren day ·s~.t~o neii quy tno ciia
h~ thong; nghia fa ·h~··rh6rig.. d6 dii duqc kh~rig ti.Joh v6 m~t .·
hlnh t~t!c. I\1uon ton: 1~r:d¢c· 1~p ·vof;cac M··tliong.khac thl ·
h1nh tht'rc cua h·~ thong ~on:c~ phID "dµqe·dfun baq vetrr~t n¢i-.
dung. CB.c yeu to =tliU9'c. '.l/.~:;1i¢i d4ng c6·a. hf thong 1'£0' gorr_i:
Ccr cau t6 chtk.d.ra h~"thong l.a Vl¢~ bo ~rf~ic jell. t6 ve ·
hrcmiz rb.eo mot trit ti! r.hc~l'. ~fihh-.. ph~'. hv!'.:vcr1 yeti: ~i!u hoat.
~: ~ -~ .,~
d9n.g phan ticJl ·chmh.sa:ch. Yeu: to . cq·c!u'.;-16 t::huc ~~o.ra cac·
• ·• .u . . .. ,., • . : • I-• ••. ••• . • . • • •.• , . • • ,· •

119 ph~n-d'Qc f~p ~ttrof1g·d6i=:tron·g~M:th6rtg-d'c! :~u·do xac·djnh

ch~c nii.ngt nru~m.:irtt. cua cac bi? pMn do:, . .
. .
.. M6Lquanh~ gtii8.·c·ae·y~ut6-eauthanlrh~·thong. Yeu to
248
 ::~ .
4
A~y'. i~:·~l:Vs0::l:ct@h~~Bll~~'.guy~rl h~h;·fra.ch"·rihi~m ,(!_Ua cac.·b¢

:~u1~~1~~~~1-~!~~iW~~~~.;~·'.:. ~.\,;:;~~:: d:i:;(;;. ·: _;~:,.'~: i it.:·:··... :·~ .' ·.··.,_:

. ~~E:: ii£~R9J1-,j}}fi;i.~BM~m.0'f f9P.:5Jl.~~:·$.eH.~·,};f~~§.~;:Wd?:1~f ~;:ch
ho.a . '•'. ,, :;- . •·.·-' . •· ...... -...P.lian. :rrch.:ichfuh,··sach . ·chlin a .ta. ,x~c
·"t~J-:i~ ~.:t .:. 11r··,. •· u:~i:~~r:.,.,;:.::.-;.:~;1;...t~·~~.1..:i-~:'. ·~~::.;\~.~·:.;.::P·....::J ·.:· ~·:·h·:
'""'~in .vu::·cii:a··. a:. lie ':rhori'cr "va. r.un· 0: ·b.o
· . •• J

d.in.hY
.i~tf,~ . . .: . ·, . ::.•~\:~;~~:~~:~~~~;:~'~;~t.:~~::~::::~;'.::;;:,~::~t~: :~ ; ·'.'.i£:.r.:;:.~ .~ ...
..:,.:>':·' .2:~:J.i2:. .l:ac:yeu ta. ile-::van :han1i;he.~thong -::." . " ···

. ·~i!~$~~~~?~~~Z#~t~·~~~~~~~~;~hr.~~
.. ..... - . , .... . .
Cci"6h'lt:~rl:)t~~ii. .·::a.i "~~Y·'d!~h v~·:!~g~·y~n· t~c-'t~c dg.ng
~·

:gi1!a.ci~:~;ytru~'.t~'~!iµ·wh:a,t;ih1::nei1D;Q.~g bk<!i:g~{Il!:t:r~~llf.·.r4c;~~p,g,

·•~~?~t;v;~ft;tt~r~~i~;~
.'~-~n. .~; ~.n 11ic1 .uyen.,1fa~. ;vah"CCl':~.che:~J:i.ua:n:Ay:.P:-n.J.mg..c.ua

; : ··1.~::. , ;~.-/: :; t:~;~:'. ~,;.T~~~::+·~~;;~~·-~··,~::

,;-) :,·, ""·· .J]~f;.1:;pl.i!!~t~;~f:~,uem(.a
::ll,Ci'a,W;t
: ;.~·: :·. "~ ~: :·t:'.:i~-:- '.:~.1:/~. ~,
P.JJgv~~ '·t~o h!lnh ·i ~ng
·pha p
·":-· __ .. _
·l y.
. cho ~!£6.p:·;4i.nii~.l~pMr:t;fr:i~li-t6 'Pndc~Mr tn~rrg:\:i:ori.g i:.iua.:tr1n·h
..:v~r;i::':h~fy~ ,'Do~~,:t.fi~i·:~µ#~ir:kcfo}· ~~C'Jio~k:c.r~i~g/c:lfa ::n~.J:thoilg
'· ·dieti f:a:,~h·eo::i~}nij::1i:ll'.'&ij;g);~;nang'.iiioF:quan ·'.11~iv&1' .:~fo;a 'nl.l'&c-: \ a 1

-~~fo''!6.·:.cJ1ftc~ .:ca:.i;iMii:~~ha~;.tr9~.i~~:a>:h9.i. .. . ':. ·'"

.·. · :. "::~fri'.~~¥~~~~.~~-£*e:%~u.f§:~f~:~i~;~h ·qµ~·~h~ r~oh-q, ·ca.c -~-~~fa
. :ql;lan: ly ·2~n.;d.hU::}''.d'~n):i~c/diatri:'£frih: cli'ft(v~-.cpiy m:o~d1a cac
yeu to t6 chCrc M.· i~o -ra.. ~lf; ttrdng::thfch giira· tO. chlrc va v~n
hanhtroi1g m¢rth6th6ng .tlh&t

2.49
 .1.,,J. na; umna; phat! ~~~~l·'cm~;-in;sacn.:~ninn .tone f
~
. 7
~

2.3.1. Ht.61.on.g pluin.tic·h ·ehiirh. ·sdci&T.r.u.ng

t ·,.,.,·, '6:. · "'
u:iJng. • ..... .:.
· .~ .r.~-,.._.,.;: ~
l

,
"' •'le "·.. ·-:-··': · "' ·
l

H~ thong ph!n: t1ch .ch!nh sach. cOn.g. dugc.tO :chfrc·.:.phu ' l

.
.hgp v.,i~d:;y:.e.u..caii.:JJt!~tl:lY:&hiJ!1rsilc.b.::f!ii.~~@q£~~eo2¢.hAn:
~1
•.·: .••••• ~. .• •i .... ~ .. ~• .................- _ . ......, • • • . • • . , ...........-·"l'!..·..-i •• ··.·~.... '••

.c!p quan ly Nha nu&, Qu6c h¢i .Vii: Ch'fnh'.;pM:l~ #& qµao,~c6
th~m .quyen .ban ·haoo chinJt~ :~ach cong· :tr~n:·:·~c1 ~b ti~ t;iiih.
c;iiinb~$~~l1.-~!lir;$£~@Jill.~~s@!!.1Y::ttgan~_'y!::t~r@:'.9.~¥.!n~~~1~····
phuO'~g. D&ng thai al£nh ph:ii va -'de eb'.·quazi. qi,tan"ly :ngl.nh l:J·
Trun-g uang cfi.ng: I~ c{p td cfofo.fri6~ kli~L~lifnh sicih. lnh.n vi
mo. D~ quan ly chi'.nh sach C1 ·t~m vt mq ~6 hi~u qtla, NM
nucrc thanh l~p 11~· th<cJng· :pha:n 't!t;h. chfnh·.slicJ,t ·vi -d~ theo ·mo
doi, dhh gi'a tlnh Iilrth. xiiy dljng; ban:harih. thi'.~h sach ·c6ng;
t.lnh ljlnh t6 chuc tri6n 'khai chinh sach 0 ~p vi' mo va d~nh
gi?. chung k~t.qua thi;cc thic~nh sach cOng. Vqi:invc d!ch nay
h~..thong pMn _t!ch chinh ·~ach Trung tr(:fhg b.ao gom: a
B9 ph~n pha.n tich sing kien ·~iilnh s.icli. · Saµg ·kien
\Chµth Sach dtrqc hf1fo,fa::nJlfi'ng y tuang ·.y~:·CaC' gia. tr! tr.orig
· ·'ti.tong lai c~n d~t-dtic;rc: b~tig· ~hilifr.:sich ·~ong· tren ·ce1~sfi .thgc
trq.ng cua doi song X:a.·h¢i.Sang:kieri chfrlh. ~.Clr'thttcrn~:cluqc
d~ c~p tr:en de phtrctng.'~i~n "thong:.tin d~ chung:hoij:6 trong
cac cuc;ic h¢i h9p. ·g~p rri~t voi ca'c rthdm lgi ich .trong·xa: h9i~
B~ pQ,an
. •••• •.. _., •. ,• , .
phan ti~h .~ang ' lcien .
chfrih
•• • • I
sach. •
cO. ,~~c::h nhi~m .
xem .
x~t, ~anh gia. v~'.tl!1h cha;n.tht,:rccua.~ac ·slng ~n.ch111'h s<J:ch.
pong tlfbi phan tli::h m~c. d¢:c!p,.:tfiilt cua:nhu c!u xa li9i· tbeo
san:g kien voi ·kha nang tftp·thu .:sa.lig ki€1i Ciia Nha n~6e:; K~t
qua phan tlch sang kien,,dhlnh :sach lk'c,d''s·,y'ae: .tac tct quan
n~~ nuac c6 th[m. quy~n fa~ t~~ }Qc~?~ ,~ln~. cJi~nl:i sich ..
-::l:J,,kien
Sano ·- ......sac.h.c:6
.· ,. chfoh ·-~:..
lien
... · ...quan .d'Cn·:.iihieu.
-···· ......... lirih·-·-·.,.,
·-... ·. ··-·. va doi.
VU'C.........

2':50
-if..'. --· --- -- -- - ~-·---- -------· ~ -
~"
f ttrqng trong ia. Mi. ciirqc; th~ hi~~ 4ti'.9J nW~~ h1nh}b:U:c l(Mc
·· · · '.' ;,,n:h~µ:i::cienLbo pri§'.If pharl"\Mlf's~fr#~iei€1tam;h.·.sich.h Trun°
:,~~rig -~~~i·i'.fJ:r;B~~~,~~Mh¥J~yaf ~~~~:i~;~P:~~;:?.fEg:~~fo~ .~ach
\:UP. c.4c B9, ilg·anh 9.h.~c n.~ng va cac"f~ ~W.ti~ri :P~att Uch long
. . ,,.~::Mff*~i~~~~~!,~,~,t~!~~.~r·~r:,~~;~:
.... · . • :.::1
::~;;t:~;:L.~=:~,,,., . . ,
/.+B6;\phan:}phliri"tfch O:e"trlfi!Y cfonh; sach. ,D.e: chinh ~dnh
• • ... . ..• ' ·> ··! .:-·~·:r; .. , . ··"''l", ..• ~~::··.. "·1'.:•]:.;.,.:···~J."":..• ... 1• ••'!' -·. ·~ •{·.

sach .dU'qc'.~i€N;.lf;~~p:J1~p)nh.tth.g'Vkri~''&eAlL:v~-:g~n.g·phat sinh

I . YR.~~ ..tA:.~f>:U1.~g;J;l.~f?'R ~4~:~_nµC!.9.:,i~1rt·:k~.r,~$i~F~BY.f~.:~E clap
I ·. ~~·i:r :<{gC',P'fi4.-~;~~~!.h~C.~a"~~~~-;:r\M:rh )gi~fii'hil0P..Mil'~t~ch';,i:t~ trlnh
I
·! ··2h~ii~·-~~cli ··1a '·i:l~6c riep. ~~!ttt?. ;Aii.~i/ph~n::ttc)'i:~siilg')Ci~n.r·chfnh
! sacti, ,nµung· oil :h,µ:{Jp: ·i::aQ ll:tii:l~:YlAs(i~::.;~p,yn,g;.,;;yaq. cte cta. <luqc
-1·. . . ·.• ...:..•;.' . . . .... . . . .
t'· .·;.!:;'I·. j ~ ~·, ~· .~ ;)~ ~ fa.~·.; f-Ut~:·-:· ....;r. 4~
.;· .,c$_c:, co 1qj,t:a:if .q~ijj·Jf :nganlt' xa·ch!.~~
• • .. . •• 1 . . .: . · ....... •• •

ii~.Y~JJ,. ptc; c.~p g 11an tam.

Ket qua phan tich de trlnh chfoh~.s'ach d.t.roc.chuv~n de"n Chfnh
·p,J;ill.Ji~y .Qµ9.~ .M~· ci~:.qt,t);et<<li~tl: J~!-:~a9~A~~g;;P.~f~h .s.~\:h hay

··~;,::~Pf4~i!::;~itf~_;.t~iif~$-"~\j!<i?r~~
fro~·g .~~·-tr!ri~:'.chfri.~ .sach ·W9~ pk~..c~h·!w~~::)frl' phan .trch
... noi dU.tia:,·a.e': trliih,:Ca : .o<sanli.ieic:~v.~n:ae:~Y.&i ::iili.~if:va. yoi muc
-:·.:.;i~i~;'.~tf~~'l9':1~~t:f·\·. \~~~Jihii.~~.~~~~.~~,.~~~¢.~}5gcy~;'rh§1.! ph~i
!
\
I
.dar :c~c:.'va:n
• ' ,, \ ... # • ;
'4l:da
*:·,·::·.~·i:.:•.i,.':J:~~i-
,:.:'..,:.'4~··,:1.;..
• • '.·i::-:;. ·.,.·. .
': .... • ..• .. .:·;..... ......
.
. qU:~nth~·'..r&ri~Hh~ .~;.1 :~ .
vai cac
{?··· :~·' '\'.' /··~··"11""""

1· .. ·o/.arr®~kh#~:trO'n:t?'\;~tlK!i''."
• ·· .,.,: •; "·· ;. . ' -;' )~ ;·; ~:·$;. ··,•/';-:.-,~~.'f;
:·fre %6ri d·:~V6-t-i-i:iu.c.
,!'..:h::1 :~:.:·i\i;,;",'.·t!;,":~...::"::, ;r:":',1:.:~. ~·
crrch.Jr~n
","' ',' . :· •: _ ·
• .bo..
· ph~n.).;f~h:~nt,~f-q~<d.~'.'itrllin'b . 'ti.:i~,~¢li cfl'.ru.ng :U'.9'n:g:.c11rgc gan v6i
ca qu'fi.n;:P.hlri ·iJ:Cifb'Hth'K';i~dh"Jh~';ph~h1;·:Ph'u.~a: Qu6c h9i.
, ." ,i r ,y·:..:;~ ::<i. . _;. . ::..~;- .. .; ,; ;;,,p·~~~':?!· ...·: -..,. ·:~· ..
.-,:·: ·· .1" 1 "' •'•; .':>:••

· :. ·J3g..'.·ph~n'·':ph~ti iicP: ho~cn: ·o,~n'h.: ~pfo:h.£s~ch. Ph~n tfch

I . ~~i~i;~~~t~~;!f~;{~~:~:i~~~.
Ii · :·... . . .ciifoh
. .:'h~rth, .. .. ·.: saclt
. .. .·.sa.u. . . .~1~.
. :khi:· . . . cifir~ii/
.:• ifllih; . ch aP
·-:. . .s&ch ci_upc.
·~

I
r.
251
 thu~ •. Chlqli: p_qu gia:o cb,0·. cac_ co: .quan ch~. ~ft va Jlh6i= h~.
xay <lvng d\d,~~lil§iirri.b:· sicfi.':Hcii!Fdqrt~. ph!fr :t~ch hoi].ch d}ph
chiii!i sach
.:; 'Qao=.:gdm:.
·..
.
. . . . . . . -: . . .
- Ph.in. tf(!h ·gua trli?.h-~if"tlia~'fc.~c:p~iid,ng ~n··chI,~h"s~ch .
dia cac ~o qtian daio;.,~ticr{dtFd~J:i'aorliig::pJiiidrig:a11 ·chinh ,
·-·. ·s-aanrrrgc;x:a-y·ca!J.rig-C~:c~k'.c1f.tili~~:·fi*'c:. ·
- Phan tich :cii~ ,plitimig: ln..d!f. ~hid .tlieo tieu cbiittn cua
m¢t ch.i'.nh:sachc•t6t d~:;dua .ra :lf!a.cliQ'il..-C&mfotli1fo trong h¢i
nghj th11ong ky ciia-'Chfoh'pli~:· . ·
- Phan tfoh tfuh kha. thi ciia p1hrqng-aq chfnt.c:sach tei llit ·.
duqc Chinh .phu Iva ~h9n; · ·
- Phan. tfc~: qua ;.trinh :~a ket ·tji,.ul:' kh~o nghi~m cua .
phuong_an. c~infi.sach lJta ch(;m. Ket'.qua'ph!Ii :i£¢h~ n~y dttt;tc
dung d~ hoan thi~n-:phtiO'ng in '-I11~·c:h<jn truoc khf chfnh'thuc
ban ha11h. · · · ·
- Phan. trcn thai ·di~m -ban.:ha~h .chinh ifach<l~ c6 duqc·'
ketlu~n ve th.ui..c(j·ban harili chmh:.s~c~~ . . .
. ~. ·..
Bq ph~11. _phan: .~i'.~h. b.o~~h. :di~ :ofirnh ;site~ .dugc b6 trf
c~ng veii ca quan phan tfoQ.>ch!nh . ~~5:h ·~~a .Chinh. tiliiLhay t~~
de cd. quart dim. tra9h di! tha.~·phumt1f~~
. . . . s~th,
chitin. ~

. B¢ ph~ ·philri.. *h tr~~n.khai t6 cb:ifo:tht,rc thi ~hfnh sach.

S~u khi d1l:~ sii~lt..duq~. Chinn phll. ban :bo se. ~ien li!rth ~ri~n
.:_ .; .... ' ..: ' '• ' • ••• , O, ',••.•.. ' •• •. JI"' ' ',;.,•.'I ·:... .,,.,;

k~.a. 1 ·vaQ d~i sG~-g~. P:h·ar~ lleh .-tt:terL 1$·a1. ch1nh· Sach: ~cap·~ -vi: ·rn0
"•.JJ'
n~fu.n xem X:et ·darih gill tinh hlnh.thv~h_i~nttr-bti'oc xily Ot!Og
ke hoach tri~n khai den t6 ·chuc· thuc thl chinh sach: cua. <?:ac .co
quan ~uan ly vi mo T.rung uarig-: pMrt niy ph~n· ~ich tfnh
a B¢
0

.k'iJ~ thi c:uil 15:e f:i9~c:b tri~il; kb~i ~§ c;b_t!~ ru_gi; tbi .i:;hinh:~ach ci.o_

252.
f": ·. gac :B¢, ngfilt)! xay
.r ,. .. . thren ·ke.':·hbach xru6c; 'khi
:ll~ng; ~~ gitlJl c!ip· cac. co,;9~il.!l ~~~)µi\n
tri~n khai thuc, hie.n.·chi'.nh .. sach .
.~ .. · P~~~·.t~qi 'p~~µ}j~i{. ~.~q h9~f;~§µ,g~t!fy~~·ii~·i.~.9 ~hi.~~~;~~c;h va
·. :.;.:·g,·: .::.:· R~~:.9?£1$· p99i,.hap.~.chgc"ii•.;·,
.. ,.·t,. ·-·
. hv~·{r·.t~o.ng,:.ng~~.h
••• ,. • .,, ....... ;.i-.. ...J._.1:,:..
..~H~a...;..:··.i::~~. ~g~nn,
·~"~......!', . . . . ;, .
·f ..:..:. •..• ~.-.>, ~·~ -·~·\J ~~-,.....

. ~n,: . ~·~~a -~%~.n~,.~~Al~ .:P;,~~<:'~~:i~~~?~BA'.:~~¢,c;. ;~9.)i~~~~ ;p;%~~ tfch

rrien:khai to, cbuc thirc thtchlrih~&ach.tam 'vi mo dudc'b6 trf
. , • . .: ·~· {~:.·r~·:u .~:J.':.i~r
;;'.:·'.•;' '. ·:· ·.:-· . ~' :•'.i'.t·~:··•

lCet l}.gp \rOi Cf! Ql:J.~n. phfili ttc..Q :chfl:J.h sa<;h C.Ua cac cc;:t quan
:.1
l;o· · ci:u.an1y·)tiga.nh:rr·1:ung··ud~g~:<.: . . i·;. • .:. . • ·

·:.·,,, . ·Bq ph~'n. J)nan 'tfch .di~.u · chirth chfoh sich va ch1;rc rhi
;:. . chinh. s:ach'.--·Bay la b¢ ·ph~n ·o~gc · th~nh· I.~P d~ P.h~n .rich
:;~ ·,. ·:' · . · nhii'n gi.Jifn ".:i:n!;·pha ~;:sinh·. riort~ qi.it :fr1nli: i6 ·clii1i::'·th~<~~~~ chi nh
." · · '.sacli··:c,ong.''9~'i1~~'·ra:.:.c.~x(ii~.~··m~C??iil!~c:·ratl~;~y1H~~c .char
, ·!·. . 'chfoh ::~a¢}) #.ung·~nl·la>.nli'iihg~dl,l''tjerii'.ve·:cai;:li" Li:n'txu~.ua l'{ha
"·.. nu&c·.,vcrfcac:,va:n· de:'ldnfrife:,•. ·i~.;fl~.i, ·b.Ol':V.~y ch~:6;clilii'i :ta co
khoa.ng.~ach .gifta chfnh ·sach vai rhgc·r6": Gungitihii'.v~};:·yai Jee
· : h<;i~c.~ trJ~Q;~Q~~ .Jh!;l'.C Jh~ ..cpfal;(sach CU.P, ..t;~c..cq.quan nh~ Ut!OC

;:'~',,.~-~~~:~f£~1~'.:iit~lj;i~~,;~~i~~:~r:~~:i;
" .· ·s'un.g;
.s~cµ~ Ng~gf:ltj~n. ,q,ghi ~6 ,q~~;i.i~ chlIJh thtrbl,lg l~ ·cap thlfc
· t~i .£h*11~ ~3:c·h; ~§~~-~i~:~?f~i~µ: ~~r~.~. ,~~ ~u?;g~phM l~:fap b.an
~a~~ 6N~,f~c4; . T.rt.n 'th~c,te if.S~?i ~i¥n ~g4i: ~i~u :sh~nh, bo
sung Ci:iiJg ¢6 th~:. fa :;:ac quan:ch.trc;:,c~p cq.6 ~i1a ~9 Pfl.Y Chfoh
phJi~ D.e giai qUy4t t6t:m6i qua~,·~~ nay dn''phat an . cl! vao
~hi.~u ·dieu . kl~ri; .'.hliti:ng. tpi&:,'.tiep: . '.P.ii~i dlpf ,vaci ker qu,a. phan
tlch 'tlrih }~lrifr°chtiri~'. !\f~· t~··chqc:; ·tiigc:?ilii: chlnh. sach, trpng d6
co ker·q·u.a' phltil tfch nhii'ng. 'kiln, .lighj, .·p6 su:ng chinb sach.
Theo. quy trlrih do, b9 ph~rt ph~ntfcl:(itje,n·tl'ghj dieu ·chiril1, b6
sun'g chinh s~ch vaJe ho.~¢Ii td~n kh,~i S~.:c.hrqe b6'tr-i .giln' ':'9.i
co quan ph.~rt ifCh cbJD,h sad1.0'·#c· ~9~ nganh v&:Chinh:·:phu:
 T6m. l~:i1 ·v.i~c :bd· tn" ~~t dqng·:t~~,, th'5~g: phiip: tfoh '¢hl!lh
sach. lJ Tr~uig· ttang. ri~n g~n· viJl en® .ti~n:g.:qtiilrtJf v.T ni'6. '¢e·
chfnh sach, khong rien d~n 'tral: h~· th5ng the~ ca, :qµ~i<tr1n$..
ph~n·ti'.Ch:. Um ~hu·v~f.vita;t~O. cb:o· h~· ~~hohg~th~c· ·m~f!.:4~rig ,_.
chuc na~. ·nhi~m-:vi,i~;:qliy~rth~>phAiltfoh..:~li'fri:n::;;~~h.<1 t~ .
.... v!'m9; .·vt!a kht1rig :gay'. ia~s'!f~i;hSi:J:g;.;c!ieo·tr~iig 1plit1riti:h·. c:hrnil .
.. · .....sai.~1rvaicl'c-cc(q:ua1Hh'if:a-hantr:&.·4"ta:phµang;..'.Uaj ~~u ~Y' ~~ .'_ ··
giup nang cao hi.~u l~c. :11i~tl' qua:cua~cot:tg·tac.~lian'. tich c:;hitih
sach cua ~oan b~: thong 'aJ5i ·cb'u~g vfli~ tiiQ'rig pha'n~tfi:h chftlh
sach ?:! Tri+ng trang ~-6~ 'ri~~g.
2.2.3. H~ ih6n1iphaii.·g(cf1. ch!nh.sdch {i'djp.·p!1rrang
Doi ttrang. :Chu y~u. cu:a·;:he tb~ng .chfoh.. sach:' .nha ntr6c
d~u n~~ ,.&. cdc.~ia phirqn;g,,t~~.ng. c~ ..ttrr¢c. C~µg<xu6ng gan. ca
sa, chfab $aCh G~ng:t~~p S~f_d·6r{Ug11g,T~i cct s(;Jandig-~13 go
,giUa chfn}i sach v~)fqi tu:(Jng1 n!Il d:µ;Q.ng .nhtt m9i .CQ x.at" 11

deu die'n ra o d&y: ·Mµon -bi~~ chfn;~ sach. c:o.·.pb;athuy t~c

d\}ngthi,rc tehayJ<iM~1g, h~y .theo.doi·phan tfoh t'inh hlnh t~t.rc ·.
thi chfnh: s<1.ch 6 ca:sb.
. Treri thllc t6;,-·so 'lqgh~ ¢ae "dia phU:crng nhi~u, phan bo
tren nhung ·d!a· b~rt r¢rig 10h v~-~6 ~tf kJiac rihau v~ cac <lieu
ki~n Idnh te, 'Xa h~i; m6'itr&ong·n!;ri:tlnh hlnii tO. chuc t~llcthi .
chfah s'a¢h cling s~.·khOng glong :nltau. nttheo d5i phft.n 1ich
tinh h!nh t6 _ch~c: th\fd th.i. chf.i.h sach CJ ca~ dia phtrang; ~~ ~
1hong pMn tich cnirih sach, cua Trung irong kli6ng th~ dam -
dm:tng drtqc. · · ·
• • ·• I

· Ht:in· nua Ga~·: d~a phl,rang cung h.9i du nhlmg di~u kil;~ d~:: ·:
·ly
tv qi.iari ·ho~t ctqng xa:··hqi··tttn ..dja bin_ th.ori:g qua ehinb
. quyen .. dia.phtro:ng .tbeo iu~t td 2fok Nhfi.~trO'c. Cninh quy~n
. '•

254
 ...

·..1
: I,

·:t
. ..
,.
:·"
:l·:
..·z '·

-.::
·. ~~ 255
ii~·
. ·t[
 r
. l
·1
A·
. .. . . .:. '. . . . ;'. . ,•· ....· ~·: :_·. . ';. i.
C~fnh sach :tr~~. dja. b.aif trbng: d6 :~q :b(l ~M,;f J1han l(~.h?.trien· ';\
kh~ chln:FA ·sad1. ~~ :P.li:iri;~n~y :c6 trirtth ri~~~m:;*~m: :x~t~~rih ..!. ·
_gi~ ke ho~c.h trig~j:ltj~~r chfufr. .s~cn· crJ~ ·tiJ'a>,:ph:uctrig .xlim. c9
. ~h-~ Iiw::Y~Gt~ii.·6li~f~~;:~~tnu ·s·ac~; v~i/k.~\ih·~~cli·,~t6~$ lh~ · ·;
·~~ ~a:-rrung· ~ong;va~:at~10¢'nftf\1!c't€.·~.naf,:etfii"ph~o11g . Jchf.J.n:g.. ;1
Dci trnh th6ng iiliat rtotig qiilhx ij ,~Mn_n: sa~h lr~rt d!·;i bari, b9 ·f ·
phiJn phftfi tich tri~n lch3.i chfnh sach cl~{' n~n ,gan var cct quan :
phiiri t'°fchc cnihh sdch ;if :~*'p ~~Jnn gµy~n. Ca:G nhat. ., ..:
·- B¢ ph~ri .phlht tfq~~t~: ch¢c ·thvc. ihi. tffi:chfrdi sach C1 d!a •
phtrang. Chit t.nrong 'thl[c hi~d chirili sich-tua: chtnh ·"croy~hdia I
pht:rO'rfg •d'ugc phd' bieii r~ttl rai:tl~·chrrih •qily~h 'cac cap ·v~ i
yeu cau tp: chfrc trj'en khai theri. ke'bo~ch. tp6ng rihatciia.ch!nh
q~ yen..c;.~p t:ren. Sau. l~bi :ti!p: .thu;'~hil ·. ri.irong. th g¢;:· pj~n ch'i'.nh.
s.ach CUa clifoh q-µy~~.;<;afY~~llf.C~fnh,q·~~~~ ~ac tap.chii· dgng
ti~~ hanh.:?tllY dtJng ke'.:h."O~ch td~n . ·khaf c~ Jht· tren o.d ~e so
ho~ch t.d~n khai t;iia.~Ap t:ren.tiflc ti!p·va C1Ieit ki~n,c~·theaua i

·~
d!a· phtrang. Ho~t d¢ng:.'tri~n khai:'th\l'C :hi¢n· chfnh·sach.it o\a
phttang mang tfoh trl]~·tiep .; ngbis li'n~lfp·tinh di~u hanh·tri~n
k~ai .chfnh s.ach b dia phudh~. :ca'.p xa· tb,tr!i ,~anh· thr.rc hi*n .
. cl;inh sach a dja ban~ ' Ca'.J? ~UY.~I1 t~' 'trung gian cli'uy~n. tiii · :I
nhilng thOng tin· dieil hanl:rva 'tliihi hallh - vl tlit! ~ orhong :t
to .
. ph~n tfch ch.int\ s~ch ..b·day c6 .tM dht1c. t~~ trung th6ng '.t:
nhet thee ca'p chliill·quy~n.eao·~a:r~ · 1.
, ;Ci!c b.¢J~li4a ptd«i tf~B. cJ1in:h~.sachh a!i priU:~g :ihuong ':j:
~1:1Yen .th~o d5~,. .d·anh. gi~ ·~fQ.h lii;nfr ·tJ:it.:rc thi ~~hiull. l~t;h ti-!n
·dfa ban thong qua rihung;.thong·tfu tliu ·t~p thl!c. tC.hb~c·~o · 4~
ta
1;ap rlu&i t~p·hqp·baa ciio>len;. ~t guaphM tich .to .c,hirc thi,rc '
thi C~f:oJ:i :S!c_h Q tii!t plittmlgJfl1t;fC dhiig-de·-di~U '(;:liJnh ke .. ·. -
. '

256
"J
 I~·.. .:" .....
I'. ·~. . 'libbi~n: ~lt,~ eh~c ;~~c:
h
~~·, . .i?;~n.~.~(~:cri <~~~A~:·:-n gm·i.;~~t:;r~~f~~:~~,' ~~~~:"7~~~~.: -b6. sung
ihi difnh .~•oh adi~ f h.,;,~g
~:-_.. :·cijmJt.sai:;h.,,:~ .· .~-.:... :. .

IL.: :. ::·"~~~~t~ii!~~;~:±~~t:;t!if: :~~!:

~~· qu.~~J~Th~4q.~~9:·~~f:!~i.P,:· c.cm ·c9·,~--~l,lo~ih~M.n: tich:«:h'fiih· sach
1
CG

~I~{~·-_·: .p 9.~_ :~~:~~,~~~·~~:;°::~;~: ~·~~;f? ~h~~· ?h~:Fh~1~1J.:PhJ1;·~·~2. :g9.m:

. .
. ·_ f . 2~4.I; ·Bfph~rr. phdn t~ch chtnh sacfz c~a 'i.~ac,t<f :chu·c
;
.
·,. f!
~
::ta h.t>i.
•
. .
. • I '! • •
.
··' • ,. • ·~•.. ' ,_ • •
·
:;' :. °1:6 chu.c.-:Xa hOi .d11ac,hi~u.Ia·c6
:;. t \, ,.•:'t: 1 !.• • ,'.;~·~ !;..:.:.,·•· ":,"'; ~· I!,• h'~i--••
cMc;cua:nhii'ng.thilnh
• ! ,'"" .,,,. .. ; • ,

;\ ;.' .
vien ,hlen ·!iancr tb,atn .. O-hi .cac . hoat-doncr: ~a:d1okc6 ,C.uncr ;tfoh
...~.f:;;.:j.:;.. :;.;~~-~~~:..\: ..:~.~1?,. . z::.,.\' i,i:.:~~.. t;:_-R::...;·ir "!':-=:··"~"::.:··~ .t~:·-r:':': ~ i · '.'_;.:·. · · · ·..... ..o ..
! 1·,,. · · .cl~µ.t :nJi\i;~ti*i:y~n
···~.. ,.~ ~ ··r..··~.
go¢ . nghi! .<th4ffe...t, :h{>i:khµy~r(;h.ol=-
·y···,1.. ,....·rr1-, !.····u:···J···:•··
"v.:~Y,; •• ;Cac
..,,......... 1.... •. ..• ... . .
1'\.~·~·· . .
ta ~i:. .•

~~ ·:s~~r;.:~~~:Ii9C'.~~:Y' !:!'.ti.fi&'.~:.i'4,'.iP~ ,i:t9T.{,iti.qrig;;cµ,~:£;~hfo.h~$ach

:l~:
'r. .
.f:. ··~~.cyt; ~tll~ ~:5.¥,~· ~·~:.~\~~·.· :J:1~gc~?. ~~P.~~
. ~9.~.$. ;·t.2,. gpJI9. tgJlf ~ t.b..i :,CU a
·.: (.·
·i·
·.,,c~t~?.J~:a~:-."nB~~:'.,~i~~{- ~~~f ;i~~i~. ;tk_~~:;~~-~~J.~v.~. ~!!P '.'~~hfn~
·s~ch":c~a",cac ~~~nh· ·y1~~ ~rpi;i.g :tst.CJ'l!fC, ,t~p~t:92.Q.g_.p:.~a f.ac to
"*~c :~iitf.c'; '.a:r~ii)ci~n :fi;i·C'.it r?i!&fii':tt't~6." rh1 . ~#t,nii ~~·ch. -,M~c; d9
1
•.;; • •

·t1 ·... ~h::~lig~$. .cira ·\c~9;:,:~h~~'·'!.? :d~~'.;;1,~9(-rfi.~ ~R(~r<~~~h~,~,li~p~:r. ro

~. .· chl1C5Kn6'ng;igi:oµa' nnaii/tfongigiU.tt:~~c·t~9C.ity:·'~· t~e'h?. ti\1ai
.~ '#~n'.··Ii~·nH~ph~~:i.tt¢~<6fdrihf~~iiqii·•\~l:*·~h1 ;~_€r~:·!lanh::g;ia:~f;h,ung
I
'~ ~tnJ1 .hlnh ;th\[G· 't\ii~~rffn·h ;fi~:di"vl;~tU'ng fi.liiiti :r6 ·inh.huo~g d~
·. ._ 1am ca s&.·di~u chinh ·l~og~ d9:ng.·cua t& :chil'~ hay 1den ngh.i vcii
: ~- .cd.quan n:h~ -.nu;Cl,c, c6 tnarri.\.(qiiy~n gt~i' qu)(et nhfrng...y~t.i cau
,' . : P.~~
t6.c.IJ.!Ic.. d()ng ·llnan""tfoh tfo~t sach (;'Lia cac t6 chtfo ·~birth.
nay khiJng dien: r~ thirffilgiu-y~i:l rih~ Cifo: Cd'qU°iln:nha-:nuQ'.C:;;Yl.
h9 la doi tUQng tb,.t,t d~i;lg cila ¢hftjh sad.l Mng. HQ: bitt '.JAng.
lqi fch cfia mhih {morrg m!u. th:u·an. voflqlf~h ~~ ·h¢.i, nen )~~rt
ta~ th am gia th!fq .thi chfnh. sa~~ theo s~l d:i~u. ban.ii :cll,a d_c,·co
q.uan .riha nucrc,i·bd~€ ,~frid.19ng .. cha:-p h~iih ch.1µli ·sa~h: m~c·
each ti!· ,giac..Nguy~µ :t~C; ~p·: d~ .~11Jig i:;'Qjop-g tin :c~a c~~- t§ (
i
ch Uc xa. hqi vao ":chiah sath ·rilia riuerc. :HQ ~bfquad 't'dfu ;phti.tl' I:
dch chin·h· s~~h klii nao c6 nh.friig: V.[fu ::a~· Ziie
i;I~t pMt sfoh, I
Um anh h1:itlng nghiem ir9ng d~n lQi !ch c~·a: ml.lilt. Khi c6.
yeu ·tau phan t!cq·"<:ihfnh satn; cac t~r chifothanli l~p b9 ph~n r
pMn tfch tiµn ..thoi' va, gial th~· sau khi ·ho~ t}lanh nbi¢m V\l~· I'··
. 2.4.2. B9 pb,:~nphan Heh chfah:"sach ctia ·cJic ti chuc
.rtghi~p dod~

T6 c~6:c: nghi~p·\~«;ia,:i :dµqp :ni~~J~ ..t~ ~htk ·cua nhung

thanh vien:dang.'.ho*t dgfrg.:~·~n':iufiti,'kfon.;dcianQ.;. d!cfr:vi} cho:
xa h¢i trong cacJit:ih.''V~t>c6 chng:tfnh .cnlt nghe 1fghi~p .. Do~
tinb cha'.t_ho~td~ng ~~a ~c t6 .c4itc ~ay n~rl lqi i~h.~ua h9 1
ma~g .ti'.nh :kmh te ro: n.St~ '.l':T6 bien d9_ng-'thut1n.g xuyen:. va co . I

anli htrO'ng lqn, trt[C tlep dln ngu6n s()~g cua hQ_,_vt thecac to. ·I
I
chrrc nghi~p ~oan ·quan ta.i:q. triuO.ng xtiyen .hem: .den pb,An lfoh
chfnh sach so vol ·cac .r6 ~hue xa h¢i. Ngohl nhi¢m. vi;i pha.n
tfch chfnh sach con-g cM' theo doi, ki~m soat nhung· bien dgng
Ia.in ~nh htrC!ng de"n 1¢ ich cua t6 .ehU'c; ca~:rtghi~p doan con
ph~i. tien :hii.nh phan tfch thttang x~yen nhuz;g chirih sach n9i
b¢, .d~ ai~u chinh ho~'i:d9ng cua rnliih tbeQ ccr ch€.th! truang .
nhfim
:· dat muc ti~u lcri nh.uful.
~.. :~ -••"" -- ... Ti'niurc
.,,.,._. . . t! ce ee;·tn~ bo trf bii.
ph~n P.h~ tich. chfnh sacQ. corrg .cung voi h9 ·pMn phan tich
chinh sach dia,cac t6·chtl'c ·c;lio thii~ii ~i·~.n.
f
~:
2,4~3. B~ pftij,iz.phitn .~{ch·i:hinhsach cila cdc
tro~g . ~cFfi{li.."'~;<~<:::: ,.~., . ~t·:,;.?,;·_,;,\ti·;·:::,_" __. :>·' '..;:,: . _>:.. ··<. ·
ca nha1~

ij_ ~ ....·::::,·r·:- ~...... :...-:.-.~.,..: ....,. ..... :··~ "::i· ~~..,:i..·r:··-:-~~. . . . ... ,...~ ·:-....... ~ '' • •...... -··--- -·

r ... - .....
.Cac pa nha,11 :~ :v6-i' hi::. Ra8H·la,c;9!1.g: d:an ·ctia xa.~9i' ~ Hi goi
ttrQQg,:4ieu.:c~t~h: :~K\fOJ.H~.:~#Y~:n·
....
cua ~hfori
:~.._:.;.·•·•:-:'"""'!""-u"',+t'."':~·"-"''
........
~s~¢h,!)ha .ntr&~.
r.....................
.r~~- .......-..... . . M9l
':""l'~"":i'·'"";'~·~"r·· 'T • • ;.· ..... ~·~·-

·-'·i:~~Jt~~g:c}.l}~{~eu.. :k~~~S'i'.\!§~t:~~9..Ifg,: trp)lg_:·ro f::~J?c:tnat~thl .cUng

~1trrt~~•f~t~ii~!:~i1:
f
.:<P1i'.t~~-
, • , "
· .·:'.ffi:fnh.'t?t xua{pua c:.a nhan co·th~~-·
'·. ·;~ : ;. • • ,. t.;"':
·· · ~:!:rden'·lqi
..
I~\";:

"):ii:;Mc.µ_~··ri~(ig qfi"'O:h~n:"';(it.6',td~n·:!·gi:J:ch'·c~~:.m§f~J!.~. -·.,. . ~:;,r,;;~,~ . cac

·:.-::'t5Te~~w.~~Ybaii· x[·ff~rt: :v1:.imrri11rf'.:bsivin <l~· ~~:'.~~t"truan·a ·vc
...... .,t:· <1~" ' · - · - • • ... • , • ,.,,._ t • .. • • I ... · . ., .. · • C'f

:."::~n~ril_ahf~~~OC'.ph~n',g,·:fi.~hJ/~"ii&·(ii.... BO) v~y :~"ff;>"J5p~.q·u_"y~n tht!O

'l(fcli"phiff~~fch ·bfir:..cu cbfnh .sach ·n~ci. Cf bat .~i\hbf arnm nao.
·:rro~g~~m~~:_kr~n :i<XJi9l ·c~Jii ·:-pJlaftri~ri:··hc:i"ii: ..Ci~~:frf;h:i~· r.fch
:s~.ch..Y.~l'.<·~~i
chfrifr!;t;r;t~(;.;: a~cua:. ~::•:Iri'!:i
.co.ii..-:;f?o·,~\~:i.;~t•f
J : · .
~ao. ·d: .. nhAn :;trona xxa,;hoi•;~anba tfnh
j.•f.;..;.,.,.._..r i.y.:_?·~.~ "'·~ :.· ..~~,P . . · :<.:-:·".·: .... •. t" • ·: •
b.6i
·
·p.fiat,· -~~ang"~i"ti: ~rnn ··a'ijqc .v:r fhe rat.1~~6,:.the.o·floit:l.J~an::'.ly de
1

'. ·::Pft~r:f::?J:,h~:~:i~u./~~~{~~3g;~~l1.:L?.A~~~~f~?~~W~f:fg;~?:~~:~~~:'.E1-~~n
· :;::·"~Wi1'.·:i:"t"i.ln~\~~qti;;~':l~:~P:~:.i~p9r,gfplt~?·'P-h:iI1.l1.:'::~'f:'!.f.F · i:\· l\Gl\~g: pnat
tri~Il··Vf:1;~!-~Y~~~~;Y..~ifei.~ii~~il:fl:ti~f11l~lrYf~~~·~'' 1 l.t~ ,.;\;.:9}~,~y"i?n
~"-.nglµ~'.&~A ··~··:'a,@::e; sat:h;,,:·:g· uan
· -,..: •· /•:i." '" ·· · ' ·•. ,;, •· ... 1
t~i:·~.1;·f:~~~-:-.u1.; .;;~· ;;·.; ':

~- r 'c.;:·o"Hii.F.hl.iano
i
·~-i:C ";~~ft/!:•' ~:i:t.~.~:}~: ~!'•'I•;t~?P:if,;1..-.,., j:;y~:;~·~;~~f:!~r~~f.::~~~·~,i~•:P.hi~;··; i ch
l·
.chirrh .sach :oa;~g ~·ac cong·¢~· guan :l,Y-V.1 mo. .·:~.,'.: .,:..: ':, '.
l
·l . •.' i" •• "Trj~P. ~;P.9·. h~i:rhO'°ffg ~ph,~~;'.tf611 'eh"iriW·~.ish:":.f~.dg'"· ~·e .~UyC
li'.
.(
$'ii:th ho~ trong sa. do :(hli:i.l:l 8.J) ·

l
;
'

259
 s6 i=iHAN·Pl'cs·'
SQ PH~N 3 B6PHAN-PHfoiN :c0A..t5: CHUC
TlCH THUC THi ., :Nei-irEP
; . :f)oAN
. .
CHtNHSACH so.PHAN PtCs
·c·OA-:·iA. N'HA:N

Hlnh _a.1.:H~ thohg, pti'an; tlch··~h.f ~h'.·sc§c:h ci:>r.ig

ChU tliich:' · . ... ., .. .. ,
· b\~..t~ohg :I la'.~~ ·1h6ng phan Ucf:l..chf~ll. sad~ .clifhh'lfi.tJe,:CI T;ruhg_ ttc:mg
H~ .thopg_!ll la .ti~·, tl)O'.ng ph~n tfcfr:Chinn,~sa.c~d1inh thcrc. a·dji:(phucing ·
H~ t!lorig 1,11.1~·.h~'tfi9~g pJia~'ffch c}iinh s~eh.:p,hi chrrih' ttt\:ts:
B?. ph?n 1."la.:b_g p~~i;i poai(tf¢h ~ang. ldin q~fri_h' silch lJ t[ung ~dhg
89 ph?n 2 la b9 pb~IJ phan tich·df} tr.\nh chfnh .sach Trung vang o
!39'ph?n 3 lab¢ ph~n ph~n ,UctiJro.9ch·o!nh.ch(nh .sach 1frrung i:tdng
?~ PM.n 4 'ia b9 P.h;)n PMn ·tk:.fi tri~n khiii: t& cfi&c thlfc thi chlnh sach
aTrung .l.tOrig . . . . .
139 .ph$11.? ..fa' bg-:phii!n. Phan .tich ~len ng!i! .dr~Li chinh biS sung chinh
--
sach ?fTwng trCJng · · .

2.5. Quan h~ gin~ -c~foh~ thi5.ng phan tkh chhth sach.·

ccmg
Troilg t6ng thg h~ tb6ng phA11 t.fch chfa.h. s~~h cong~ cac
h~ thong plfaJt:t!cll cnfnfisacli-augc To: clWrcpb~ h~ vdi. chttc·

260
 ·:1r::

;~·: ,{ ~:· ; .,.~c~cit6'..2.lili~

n~ns, ~~~~i:i~Ye~\4;~~;;: lj'V~Tu~c hltchrnh .cua
iciiHihlill" ti0rt~·~-x~~l101i ;Mac;.dtn::ao M tMn ° c.6 ctia 1
sach
.:.•~~ . . .:-:'.1' ;!,~:p :·;..:...:.:·t'~~ ;.~.j · ..~.rt~-=-~~·.:::-:·!~~·;.~ ·. ::-z .:~ ·..1 :~.r~·:;· ... r~·:. ·\'.·: : ·:: ··· · ·0 ..
;;:: 1~· ,.... DY:t:'.pli~j,{lyf.y ~~'9-i'~~~~~li~it:}li:J{i'.fnt:;c;R~rlg:·hff'c.9 quan h~
' .1 ··. ·'. i;. '.cliii:t-1:1ie:''~ttbifi'iln?t~ :"~;;: 1:rHtlfidt8;tfl6rfa1:nttai·: 1 Q'li:a:n-:he arna cac

--f~;: >· :· .:,~~~~~~-~;·~~~~~~~-iw9~~~~:,~\!f.~~:'.P~~t ~y·9be-?r:.I:~g co~g r~:

,,;lb·,, ;- \;.J .. 9.~$;,:J?.... JJ.~~,H<t,,,;~... !.11 \§.~,p .}~9P:&.~., ,,.J~1_1 ~.~~.:;.;.J>,p._g ton ?-!
;~~· •·f~~~l~ttiW~!~;;:~~~~:;1t:it~t.~·~~an h~. qua
-~ i:; ~·:·~ ,..{f.r'.oP.&.:M.;JJ'!.~!1.g_J),~.~µ:,±{~,~-:ShfitlJ:,-e~~-~;~g_:Jrung .uang, cac
~~ {. · . b¢ P·~a~ 1c¥i. ·ih'.~i¥~)i6~ Jb,60'.;; fo&ic .c'h~(:ctie; t.9 ·q\jan h~ bi~n
~ i.:. • .'.'~~:i.~~~Y.~itM:'~~ fl$::,i~::JJ~i~:~Hi"~.::~~~;;*'f!~r$~f!<:,~ ,~:r, i: ~(..~~!~. r;~ bc;i p11~n
fr~:' ·-.:Pbl~~'\f~'K,~.
. ·. ·. '1'h:-<ii€ti:~;:b~~ "·w¥#:·1fch trien 1

~;'.!:_·, ;·:.·~;-,~~:·:r.·•'·;~4 --~~'-' .,~,:~f.gi.:::~1; .. ·..c.,...,1',., ,•.. 2:~h6ng cac

:~"-". ""·'' .·;~~;.:.;-
~Jf _,.~;..: .. ·.,, Ci\ i
hcfa.·'y.,.,, ...,· .,.,ff!·,.. . ·1:r~z; '1."'ifc.'.:·v'·'a"Jfu-"'o··'~: 'kr·_}:s·-': ,:fia.tfrl6n ° cua
.t',,,~, :..,, .~,.,,-.J~·~~;:;;~.~-...; ,'::~·~f...f~,-,.;,<•~L :r::; ;. . ..
,j ... 0

~ y· . . ·. ·"''ti~fr'"tf:1nlf''c. . . ~!~li':·'l:Dan~f1tl15-f·J{~i"'qda''l:'>;li'~n'.:!.tfoh· ci'.1a b¢.

~! ~·.' ·:·:· •: iph'.~h~~;~y::r~tii·f:6(h~'~r~~~~a?@~,'~f~ri~qGlftr\;f{~;µ\t~k'&.'~¢-- ph*n sau.
~~i. M~c d.u cac bg ·ph~a iifi~ci.~t'fdifth:f~li :s5~h''Tr.u:n:g ti'ang !?o
I· . ·. Jh,an4, ;rrig~_M.,t~~~g:-i;thqp:g,_;I,ll;lefr~:.-Ii.bimg -c1u1.ri.g cUng ch l clam
i ~· . :~h,!n-·,~f ~hifP;<_n,~~$''PBfln::;tf~/1,~J~~:··~~-~h ·.:Y.i ·q9.-khong rrung
(: .,,_,. ..)::~~~. i~fctt
.. .
~ap:b9-.P~~n:kh~cJron,g;~~J~qng·~~lw~g.
. . . . . ....
' . . ·.~·

.·...;. ·~T;~op.g:Jf~;'th&rig:.'pll~rn:itrch :Ch~iih-:sai:·l;l-.?;s .dJa ·phupng, cac

b9 't>!lM':c.nng)ei~·L~{)i'.Ue.n j{6'a~~~thq~g ,nh.~~, :ph. i)J1c;rp vai chl!c
nang-t6 c1:irrc ihi,rc ~J1i. ¢hfnh·sacJ.Ji:ri;en 'ciia b~n. Tinh thong nha1
C<l!J cfl,a C;ac- hQ 'ph.~n. phli.n.tfch t;hfnh ~a.ch. CJ dia ·p_htrctng dttqc
rht M~ll-6' bi? M~n phan ticlnri~n •kh;;i.i va tht.rcthi chfnh sach

26.1
 .;. ' •-i .r ,... . • . , • ' • ' , , ' ·, •'" .,,• 0.,...:.
deu t~p tn.fng a ca qu~.phil.n,ttch . chinh:.slich ·c!p:.ch!hh <J.ur~n
cao nh~t. Vi~c t6 chl!c:.~~i; .bl). pb~n.'ph4n t{ch ·elilph'. sQ.¢h:;i~fi.
trung 0. dia phuang· t~o di~u. ki¢n thu~t,r1qi ch0 vi~c.chi' d4o..·
__di6u h~~p,Jci~m:tf.a:4Q1t,~6C:•Ca~ lloat:aOr1g nay.
1

.. --.. - ..-·-: ·:-· .. ·. -.. . >.. ·~~·. ~~.-;;~,.,;..~:. ~i::~~:·: ::~.: ·.~~.~.....~:·:·.~:'.. ~~·~.. . . ~ . ..
. H~ thong:. pp~n '.ticlV,t]Jn~i. 0sa¢h. p:\J.:i t:~p· trµng co cac'.~b¢·
p~~n ~au Jhanh .limgJp~ Ii~ f~c;·~~~t~~P.;i'. tte,~t'·,~t~$ ch~:ng
. . · ..;...::van.1<!.t:.tha,00..:.b~_tli~!fgj!_~-.J.~p;~ Trua~-:ti~~ _ca-c··~¢ ph~n"¢ua
h~ thong nay·kheng. <ii!qc thanli l~p· b~f ~cr· cfua.ll. -rilia nuoc-~6
tMm quyen nen· cn·ua,g du9c xep ·vao- h~ tnd,ng pltin t1ch ch!nh
s~ch khOng chfnh; ihilc~ Tituliai• cil: .b~ phijn tiay a~u cfo.i di·~n ·~
cho cac doi ti.r<;tii.g. c'ii_a cbinh sach: ·tong,~:~i::n ho~t ·d(mg phan
tfch cua hQ thttang GUOng Vao vi~c 'b!o V~ qi.ty~rt l<;ti cho de . ~
nhom lqi iCh tronirxa
h¢i. .:v.a. 1$ong au
ia chinh th1i'c, h¢ phru
thong ·nay v~n e6 th~ co! Ia ti6i ·rrqng vai ·11~ thong· phan tich
chfnh thuc c'l1a Nha nuac. .
2.5.2. Q.zian ~~-. . i:h'oJJ.g nh.4~ gfita cac h~ -th.ling
. .. ~·.

Sif ~on tiP P.ua ·cac h~··rhong: plliin''.tich :chin.p;· sich nhir tia
tllay ehii:trg to-,gitta .chil~g c.O' :rrl~J. q~ap b~ vai ·:nhau•. c4_ri .• th~tt .
cho n.h·au .trQ'ng· qua· rrl.qh v~tl ci9ng..'phat tri~~~, Dieu flay de .
cJ:ang nh~n· thay vi rieu ·khong ds ·quan :h~ vO'l rihau thl chU,ng -
da tri~t tieu nhati hay thbn· tfah Ian nhau: Can. ~(rvao C<:f cau .t6 - .
chtk cua. ttrng h~ thcing, chiing fa ·c6 ;th~..kh~i quit tha~h ~ac
moi·quan. h~ gif,t~ ehuQg··Jiht!-sau:~ ..
Quan h~ chi. .d'~o df~ri 'b;anh. Xµar. phit:.tu d!nh huong
chung cu~ ·chf~h s.ac4.' nha.'n~oc:nen h¢ t-h6ng 'piiAn tfth chinh
.....!_;_ - . ··-·· .... ,.· ...... , .. - ·1· . . • • . ' .:.; ..... ... ~, t ·..JI· ,
,.,.,;..,u cqng .C'jl'ug, pnm:: .u.ri;n ·ra triee: o'i·nn i.lu,Citrg. nm1 u'!lJV. ·
hueng trorig phan·t.fch chlnh ·~ach' dttqe th~ µ~~n r5 b~ng. m6i
quan h~ chi d~·o dieu hanh tt6ng ·to~ri :b<? ·M, th6ng phAn ~rch
. ..

. .....
262- .
 Quan:.h~ h8.f'.rrj, thdcht~y l§:~vnh~u:,~fu~ ~ac.:h.~·:~6ng;~p~;-)
ton .tq.i, ·~ac ~.~·'thongp~~r·,c6·9:,ii'afiHi~.;q,~a<i'!~ ~ai::b.h~~ th~&:,, .
·· · ··m¢flrlf~· !i~at dinh.·~~: tli~~i. '~h:~if~ri¢1{cli!hlt~s~di :l:J· Trungi"<
u~g q~ait h~ v~i h~ Jh6ng.'.:4j~ pbttfttl'.g_y~ phfhli>.h. t)llk~ren· ·~-~f
.ph.!ie1ti£1:fi¢n :-clii ~d~o~ diiil~.~~~,.:c~n:li?·:iho$g pht\rf t"£ch cbJnh· j~~
---· ..sacnO'"dla"pni'fdfig""va"pllillmn-tfftic··q~a.tf 'h~ voi :{i~ th"ong Cf' 11 ·
. Trung uong tren.phuang di~n .thua·hanh. Xet theo quan diltn . ~
bi~n cht1ng rhl do la hai: phtrdag di¢n .m~u thuan nhau nhung ;~
!{ti ket thaqh rr.ong: ml]t h¢ thong th6n~ nMr~: · ·· ... · -~t
Trong .qua trfo.h V:~n d{m~,. rrtu 'M· thong pMn tfoh b ·~­
..~
Trung trctng duqc hban: thi~n\ ·ic~t 'qtja. p1{An tiph toa1i, di~n sau '~
s~d1 thl ~6 ding d~t r.a ·y,eu cau khach tj·~ah d&i h~i c'ac h~ :\~.
·11
.~~
th6,ng phan tich. fl dia phtrdilg va khong chlri.h thtft btng phai
nang cao chifc Itrqng pti~·'.ttch cua: mfoh.: Nguqc 1~H: M thong .•:
'.
ph~n t!ch iJ a!a .phtrang Va phi 'cihinJ:i thJc ~O 'nang• h!C th1:fC. te ·,:
trohg phan ti'.ch chinb s~"¢h~ ·pb~t.hi~n.di:tgc nnll!u v~ d~ ti~m
~n .trong ..chlrih sach V:a cb.Ld~o *lfc h~n ch!nh ~[bh si lam ·,
cho Ii~ thong pban tfch li Trung ttang plW .trj ~em :x~t, ho.an j.

tfi1¢n r.rilnh mcli xtlng dang ·voi vai tro d[fi. dftt toan h~ thong •.
Nhyng moi qu~n M nhu ·v~y :Xay ta li~n ttfC, .co h~ thong se
gop phcin. ho trQ', thuc dliy nhau giii'a cac h¢ th6ng phaii tich
chi.nh sach iarn .chs :M. ca thong r&ng
rh(khemg r.igttng phat ·
.•
' ·• :•·-·; ...... ~· ... 1.>t ••. ,,, •.. ~
2.5~3. ~~~!': hrp g,r:ua.:}f~ t-ho.li:g Y,W..FJ1PiffUUng ·. .
MOi titrbng c~l(~~:th~ng ~hail tic~.,~hlnii·:sach dl,Tgt ~ieu
la nhfrng di~uJ<:i~n k1nh t¥,~~chtnfotri, :van. boa ;1r::~-·h9i,.tt_r.-nnien.
va ~ uoc te da, d_ang va se di!n ra co ana hudng a~n ,ho~t d¢ng ·,.
;. • _; • . ~.,, ' • ~Ill I~ ,,_ • . . , ,f• ' •>it· . '
.(;:J,l.n, h¢. thong pMn- t1clrc.lifuh-sach.-1'un t~tr.ong· m6r trtrang,

···.::.
264 ·'~I
 ... ~.·

···.. • ...: ·.l.:·~·.;.;;- ·i~:.i;·.:.~·.i. fi~·:r:~ ~-~;{ . . 1,,n1i ::.~.~)~1)).'J.,u~~tu.L t:-:t:, · \.:·t·,.; ... ·.·: •..~··..
,,~~.fl ~j,)h.:_oung~~Pl),~p.. ~ic;;p...C~!nh.. ~~cp)~\?, ·q~~.rf li~...qua· ·~tp~t
ll}.l -·J.:·.,.
• . .·~ ·• .~ )..,"\ .~ ..., •.•••• ·--)..1 ... •~ ~.~.. ...!- .J.:-t.. · ..t,:): ..i ~·~··"'~t7'·r'.:..:·J·j·"r-'""'i

:.thi?t.-~Y9'Lm9.i.);}ff!'JLi~:M91Ji!BnA§,~f:J~Jm2IjtM:qr;g . g~u.~~9:'~~c
·;:rhi'h:lhe:ye,bcF
·~9.~.~,~~.~~!'~~;,~4·f~§.~.~1ii~~#'.i~9fi\~tl~:~1~~:~r.~~~#ii1/~rj Y
a· ·nha· "'·· ',rna·'. o6f.· · ... t..ha
~ ,·glf
trS.::Chuc
"":.;r.:.~ ~ :~.!.:~..-:. J4-i:1;r.r.J_l ...;·:..:iD :·!-Y.:4'..T;.~:: ~J. ~.n;-;;·,i.¥.:tr.~~G\1e. J...:~d.cli
..~~ ;~·-rr-1 -z '-
±r · r t f ..
,. ne: :th§11 cr; )nettda:fr:dff{: ·:~t:lii'dt.cai:. 'se"aof.:h«:if'nang
;';i~~i ei;i!frf:~ii~1l:~t~t~~~¥ 11;.Afii~~·;~ .. ~1~'.i~,:JJ,if~:tfil'~~n.
(.;ma:. 11· '.k~1~.d~<J~a~w :m1~tt.rl<~~t~~t·;' 1iaJh1~rrPti6t
.·- _'.'~{~ii~i~~~itil~~f,,~~~h,~~:.;~~l~~h
sa~h ngay G~n.g hcian ·thi~fr sf1filn ·ch.hllce(qtia 'hoiJ.Ch (l'jnh Va
· ~t.hv,c: r:~i db:Inh·i;'.satn ~iia?~a/#f!o~· P.~~Y d~nf.ciap ii:~·g auqc
·,: nhfrri.~fY.~ii::C*iLni:afig,!frfih'iHo~,4;¥/:g~}i.~·ph.~rr;~U'~g. CQ· lbn.g' tin
.·f. ~:;:3.:;~~~~~~~!~~ttJ~~~;t!tE,~
,·Tp
~i;~.~~:',.':~'·:: :;
·~HA.N·Sif:P~;[:l0~JJB;Ihj'.H ~A:'Q.H
. CB.TJr;:.
1
,c;

.;) .~.;.:·;; ... :1/; :::~~:.t;~). .. f~~-~:· ·.:~:./ · "/(:;~. ,:~.:;. ·:~·l~.;;.si,.:r ... i\.(i~·.1 ~~<f.~t ~·.:'=-:~;··~u~~.; ··,.:; . . ·
~ .......... ,. ;2,;~::,1:fn.~.~.:~h.uye.n ·>J1gn'.ieiftr.9.~a:- bii~f.~a,1).frg::~P.h~.11: #c;.h
.~~ ··::;:~~r.~~~:.:i~·~~Ii~}c~i:;,~'····. ·: ; .;·.:. -,'.~.;~;.·~'~.·~~:~·::~~~:.~z;:r:~·~~\ ~> . ~,:;;c-.., ~,~: ·:;.·,~,".
1

:
'.•
. ,_:.}:.LJs~).fr,~P.ll_~.r,.~!ri~~u<a)i§L'"9
• • r ..... • • • • • ·••• ·· 1 ... ·• •
•• >'·1'' • • • " '::.•
l!,<?.~il1~Yi.94~}r~n1~·J1i~P-~~9
..... • •' .,, • .. ' · · ·· •
.. ya. ~·~. ~...

, .~fi.~rr.;:_,9~g.·1.~0_;~9Q'g,.~:~::~«ii~.· 4.~~P t~JrP.9,~ .m9.t.Jh?lf .gia.P:!d~i. d~

, :~ftuyf~, 'ne,qJ~~~h ·1~~ ti! .c~.ng. tf!,~fip. :~.~n,&:~e~)dnl}. ~~ h~ng_ p9u
· 1~9~~' ·cQ.J~·h: :pJ.iii:~ '.P.e.~g fa~ ·~S\~$':~;¥.· ~§Lii'~p. ~·h~ :Ji:v?. .a~ng .cti

!
~
1 v~9 . c.hu1~n ~w9n~~:J1.!?a,3;,~h~o :'p-g·~~~.;N~. ;J~~.h· ,y1Ji:: ·,Q!J4:; rrlnh 1,
i
. .,cnti.Y:_~JY~~u~q~o,lµRg;'n"~~O~A)g_M~g~·ll~PI~·:!tu;q~fp;~n :h~~ v~
•.
i .'·::~:~.:~~~~t;~~~~Xf~~:~~~!~;~;:~~;.,~:.~~~~~~~~~. :~:;:.~:.;:;~
· i:Mn .trong q·u~r ~rf9li fonh ihanh .phat·'rritn mgi 'linh vvc ho?t
.i:i9~g dra:dai p:ip,g:xa hQi..
Ciln[;r nht.r. c~~ ho~t do/ng kh.ac, pMri tfch chfnh s~ch

265
cong tfrng btrac v~n di}n.g tii!t.:tb'fu;i.£. m~t "irgM . ~· .troP,g<:quan Iy ·
xa h9i. 'rruoc·do'phan.tfoh. chfrlh ~ad:i:ciii~!a.ri4~~"~]1lt:d¢ng . ....... '

k~o· th~~ t~~ng q~im I~ ·nlla ·~uac n?i .'~~t11~J,rv~~~uan''lf.' ~~n~

S<Ic.h not neng; no thl!O'ng aOhg J11''fft vo1 ho~rdqqg quaa ly ya ' ....
ho°in. t~.A~-~~n theo ftini ~.eufJ:lfif::t!itqtffut+ty:;. ve 'h.lfth ;ifLi!c ·· ·-··
tori t'ai,. phan trch dunh sach thlit1ng d-an~.xen .ba:y tr6n. fAn-voi ...
·---- __ .'!.'.--·- • '---·-··-·-·-·-·-·- .•. •-•·-·--·-··• - ••• •. . ... "';.. • ... ~·- . - .. • .' •,..... ,.. ' II

cong_ tac ho.~ch i:t~hi chl .d~q. dieu hai:ih~.:-k!~r,n "tra.g1a.m·~~at.

-~.- .... _ _ _ . . . . . . . . . . . ,' • • 1· ... _ ..

Vl th~ ma vai tro. ciii~pfi!n:"tt~:C'llffiFr.Sach""'ft¥nh'anh:-tna I?-·14t "-·-

so voi cac. lio~t d¢.rig qtian ly niia n~oc kh:ac. ])_o :ft qJJan .tam
den cong tac ·phati tfch -ho<'}.t d{ing .quan ly ·n&,a n!!O'c ·noi
c;hung, pha·n t1.ch chfoh $acn~.oi riett'g: nen°qtian: ly h9i'.c6 xa
pban sa slit. ~i~u llfc, ·hi~u qua ·q~~n ly fl.ha rtucrc khong cao,.
khOng theo ltjp toe d9. pMt ~~n ci'.ta. xa h~i. ·
D~
cai thi~Ii thift ltrq,ng ·quail Ij phinn saeh cong.- vai
chQc. nam gan .cfay ll.-hieu Nlia nucrc: phat tr.i~n da: t~p rr11ng xay
dgng' va ding co cho 'tr~·:tllong ·ph'a.n. tf~h: cllirth sa:ch trb.. tnanh
d'¢c li\ip vcri ho<J,ch dinh chfa.li sach, ke ho~ch v;'J/;.. T.tr d6 den
nay phan tfch ch(hh· ;sach b. eac nude nay dff trcr tha'rih n'19t
ngJ't~ chuy~n mon .hoa ttong xa hQ'i. sti vOi q.1Jan \Iy hanh
chinh, "nghe phii:n deli chirih·sacli" c6 nl1~g"kh.~c bi~t ma~g
tfn.h O~C. thu V~ ca nhi~m. Vl;l,. tfnh chat, dieu ki¢ti. 't~tfC hi~n. ·
Nhi¢rn VlJ. cua qtian ly· hanh'.chlnh nha m.roc la ho~ctJ:' dirih va
tO ch l.i'c thi;tC thi ch.lnh sach, COp; .nhi¢l:n Vlf CUa. ph~n. tlCtt cnfnh
sach. J~ du~ .ra. nhtrng . k.e:t lu~n v~ .tfnh ~ha: thi' cua cbinh sach
va ke bo~ch tri~n khai thgc. hi~n ch!nh sach. 1)'.nh. cba:t quan ly
'hal1h cl:t(nh la m~nh I~n:h, Ia $:.t$frg bll'c,. con ·ciia phaa rich
chinh sach la tbam do; ca.n nMc giu:a hanh~:ch!nh va t®,c t~ a~
khuyen cao ·hay d~ trlnh. £1ieu k{~~ hoijt di;lng quart.lf l:ranh·
chf~h 'la. clh djnh the~ ·k~ ho~ch: ciutang. frlnh vof quy'thai

266
 .. Can cif theo-yeu du ding .t~~~ ~hQf'.:P~Q.·g, .~!li~m. v9 cu.a
~!: ph~n tfCh c.hfnh S·ach, d.6i ngii 'nfiiln ·itr :tam. cong J~c nay .can

;,· :~:~1*~~~i.tlA';~!:~ !:~~:z~~:·>,., ,

2::.:. : .:::,; ''.Ng'.irbblankphaO:Ufontftnlfrl:{:i;llacli\pH\fi:i.fri:in'.g
• •• .1 '. i::i..'"· : .: :.-;_.;,_.. .• .
• .: ..: • :-'... ·~·· ·;~ ~·{'. 1.-
·tha:nh voi
. ,:.: ; "· :..
4
·~ •. " ::: "':·:· • :~.~::..(:;.i;7.".' ~·:·
:--.: ., ' ... .:~~;~.~ ~.. ~:;,.:! ;,:..~

; ·::-.'.~·v: -d1nlif.uuan:a:.-iCua'11'\tna:hiua2-:.'d~}fr~:fiHiaarll~illietfjJano::'ifil'ic tieu

j,,:.'.;':~·~~%j~~!!~~~t!t:!!~~~;~!~:;f
·.· ·:.ip;~~-~'.; ~~~~~:t~?.ift£~;e.;f,9£~g:·t~f . ~$.3f~~Bi*~f.fE>.!};~:IJ.'.J~?.!i ·~:!A:r~g van
di! 'ph~fr shih,· :gi~p.'afgi) phiiib'\kfp it11~J";~hfo:h;S_aC.h:. tra.nh· duqc
h~l\<q:ua
.
c.ho
.
,xa . . . :y .v .. ~.
. h.¢i ·· ·
3i2-·~· :·V;e;,:it.9'"i+gJi.rrfc{i:;.fJ1t~nt1,#'6n .~n.gt,z.i#P v¥
J.
.. t>{gµof':Jitla;p.·eft~h: c~fp:h..s~dh;p~lli.~6.k~en:ttiuc, hii!u bi~i
.:i· khong ·=.~hf~~
. '
~
pMh ·t,fch ·9hfnh
. . .: (. .. .;;. •.
;at::~, ma cqri v~· ~bie1f 1Inh Vi;!'C
~.. ''t ·.! ..... ;. " • . .· -
 ~-·4• :..;,••·: _/:~;;· ~··. (.! . . ' -· j
•·• t ··.·:.·.~··.;· ....~.-~: .... :~ •• ~·· ":.".~ •••• • • · •• !
c~uyen, ;~On -¥.h~t:. :~~ ~~ti;i'·:;t~~;-{tal\h~ki~· :cac -v.!n .~,e':m¢t dch · .J.
_pMn
~i~n ·.~.i~n~ P9.)~~ti}~µ~~·~t~~g:·~c}_p;:?:~f~~l~.9i ..n~g~.g:'.k€t qU.:~. · ·i·
··tfo!i tU:_ · -huu '
.c~c ~.qu_~:'tr~1 . d9~ W:µla~~,:~littqg,:Jht'.IJ1.g-:tin
·. l~.p f=h~. ch~.}~~.. qri~ !f"~:~9,P;g: :~~·o:t sifJ?4(µ~!r.&.tJ~P-. .~~n
.
---:~::~c~!~rr:~~~:~!:.~~t~ .ca~f nin~:·ru~ii ·a~rcM ung .
·,
Va

3.2.3. Vl.i!ii.ng .lt!c.d¢ bao ..

Ngub'i ·phan tfch chi'ni-i.-s~·ch pijai ce nang··l\rc suy xet, . ,•
pMn doan cac,:hi~n ttrt?'llg·tren.·ccr·sd.:Kh.oa: h9c~:Co.-·kha nang
dtj Mo chinh xikV~ c~c·q~y itii!-t"i!~rt ·¢9n,g C'i'.ia-d:2 yeu "t6.d~ ·
tu d6 x.fo 4!nh dugc;:_ rn_ti'c d¢.:anh .huOn.i"cira ·chung·aen chfrih
'sacfi,'gl1J"p chu tn~qti~ii'lfc6 hi~u qtitchlrih sach cong.
3.2;4•. Vl.U'nif xll'
. Nguol lam ph~ ti~h. ca.n. phai c~o y ·thuc ~h.i'.niruh bi€t
kiern che ban than .trong -~:fo: 'ho:~n. di}ih' JJ~t tforcrng hq~c cac
rqoi quan h~ d~c· bi~t~ Tr6ng 1tttig-·tlfbi:k~ ngtr&i-"~hHn.t,{ch dn
p!J.ai biet tiep thu quail di~hi phaL~ri~n cu·a :giai cap earn"
q¥ye!l· 9~ tt.r.4ieu ch~nJl ho~t d¢ng C:ira minh theo dinh htr&Qg.
Blet gifr b1 m~t.Nha imoc:tl! frhung thon·g tin kMm pna dliqc
tr.ong ~o~t d¢ng phan tfch.
Tren dfty I~ nhitng tieµ chuitri chung ciia. c~c: ·n·ha phlin . '

tfch, tuy theo·dfp.d.Q.•p~art.. ti¢h chfoh:·Sa~h c6rtg.ma xac dlnh

1:-·
b¢ tieu chufur cho tbfch h9J>. . -~ .
!
'i;:_,
3.3. T~
chuc n~an.sy::phfut i!.c~.'.c~fi:tlf sach
3.3.J.,Nhtlngp,guyert'tiJ.t-ta"'::chfrc.khiitJ.~szr·
. Khi 16• chu~· nh~n .·st,r Uuii ·phll.n .ti~h c.h1nh sach can phal
ten c~icac nguytn·ta.cs~u-'da'.y: .
i
---~_L,.,.·.
~­
.;;.:
?, :

268 '.l
.... ·
1
 Nguyen .tfo re? ·c.h~~ ::rrlfa~"sl! .h1eb"')ie'u '~C'iii(cang vi~c !a

~~tJJ~~i~~~~:~;~~:t~~:~~:~~;::;~
!'~"' .N-~i}'.""!~H1t~·~1 t?J1·'~liuci;h:tl't'~S.lil'f1e<l~c'!i1iiy1fo. fo6'n)toa•·~e.·:su
·iJ~~l11&~nt1g::tJ~~f,;~t~Jl~Alig';Ufo1ao
. ~. ' • . .~. ,' :··... ~:. ·':"; .:~ ~ .:':. : ... ::;-jt;,, ~..~ ,..... . ....... ··. • .- -
Nguyen rac. t.o -~hnc: h'.fiantsi;i,.;·iieii.~:l1Ri3:ri~~..:gii:r :cha ho~r
d¢.n:g' ~4f~n'1 r~:::ch:!r.?n.g\p.1y_~n Jle11:.J\ic,<kh~ng ..b!· :gjan .()o~n vl
..

thieu ~gub'i thtjc lii¢n. ... , ·

, ..Ng_uyen,i~~ :~hay, r.~e ·nh~!f. s.i.1j1~: c».u :·~.9;11.g l?.µ~pap \hieu
~!JkY~:-~h,.~rk~:·lf''·~h~::~~q.. ~.if~·~J¥~~£t9:R~:1 ~~~§~,.B·~.o.·fEP ·~-9~t d.¢.11.g
cua:J1eqJi.i;)fio':oft::dinli;-kl1'6 ·~a:, aJftr.on .. ".:._:.:...:' .

;~~~~ifJ~~ff;i··~i~~ii~I;~~~:~~~
npa't\¥~~¢f!S9J.a)1g4tf.c~:p,titi'J:n:tcha.'.~Ikn~¢:tn~o~I;Ye.tno~u:.J~~-~~,Ji::ien
c.u;a :n;~i¥.~fi.~i;;.:::: ~. :· ..... ·;:,_:, .: "·; :'· ·:;.~:,,;; ,~·'···_. ~ '., . ·. . .
.;·.~; ;:··,j~:~~~~:·i1¥Jz.~~g;;~.fiµ; .:;c.fi:P~'-~!tiiz"fi~~~·<s~t. ·.A··
..· ._ . ·~~P:~~ '\'.i~c,•:~V.*~ dQng."c~s:: ,:ri~~y~n: t~c':ti:} ch.µ.c. ·:n'han s\r
Jr~p, ;day~:;~1~h~;f~6\ttf·:·nh~n sii. con 'c~n_':dtra: v~o. ~cac ,~crm: ·c'i'.i': di u

:::~~J:va9 ~¥c·11e~ ;~;:-;~.·,f.~~~·1~ng thbi kl• ·a;

' ::. Ck,n, .citJ~9: fhi'.rc.,n.~g:.:,§~1~¢ ;f'J, di~ .. tll'n$ ·09 ph~n
trong h~ ·thqng d~: ho tr1 ulian stf-:'~ho. pqu h<;ry?.
- Can cu v~q;i:fnh'i;:har.ho~j d(?.ng 9ua h? rhong d~ b6 trf
nhan ·sJ!. ··.,
d¥ng ~~o~i~~ ~::lrllih ~6cirW.~)i/C Olla nMii SJI di b6 lffJiii:" J
Can. cu vao th11c lr<µtg cua: thongh~. vaJdia n~ng cung .1
cap ngµon nhan Ii.re Jrong.tb,gcJ~ ge· bQ' ltf. .~
16 :~bfrc::.,nhan. s!;l'..d~a:.:t~en- di~ c~· c~, nguy~~ :ra~, tren
day- vua dap ung :dtiqc<:yeu du quan:l~f;·s·4..-t;i1:1.rig<nh!nst_t ;cua·
f
:;:.
lb ·enuc; V~a ·thoa man·nhih:ig':·:tlhU ~au cu.a,ifktroi:JaQ.Jt¢ng: fi.h.4°. .i·__ _
dam:b~o duqc an ninbJao d9~g cho·hc,\·pnftiqu;y d\tQ~ tr.tr.the
cua--ban thaq .ngitbilao d9h$s· ~Q cho -h'Q cO' tj:i:·pf trt:to.iii·:'l~
vi~c thfch hq.p; khortg b~on. :chan; .t~0 rcr n~g. su~l' lao dqng :: .
:1
cao va. ngtrO'i lao d9ng1qon dtrgc..too ·rrc;mg. I

3.3.3~ V~n dt/ng cac ·n~~yen tile tr81f,.dl.bo~ trl 11-hd~ slf I·
cho tung hf thongphan U:i:h. ·t
To chrrc ·nhan ·sit a h~ thong phan tfch chirih .sach b 1
Trung uong.. H~ thong ph.fui,,tfoh ch1nh: S:ii:Ch Trhng udpg lien .,.
quan ~hU yeu den.crunh sach.va tl'f~n khal. c;liinh s~ch:Ci r~lli VT 1
m~; rien nhan s\r. ciia·h~·ih6ng nay .phaJ:eo ,n;~ng J\fc; ~f1ha'.m .J
t6ng
chat toan d1¢ri, trohg do r:·~n :ch ti' tr.Q11&. d€n :iianifl i/C hQp; I
Do c~c bo~t d~mg phan tJch- df~n ra chu ye"ti &-~<:J q.tia:n Chfoh !
phii V,~ cac B¢, nen -nhM sg can tcl chuc I~p truog. t~i" cac cct
quan ~ay. Vi dlf nhu bo'tri nhan 5\r taeo tiS hay nh6m chuyen
v.~~n phan·tich chfnh sath c~a Chlnh phli hay Qu6c h¢LTrong
. do ·phan cong cho cac. chuye~.vien theo aaipfiar.:i.tfoh chl.nh
sach, chliY,en vi~n theo.-doi phan ~fch td chltc t:rit!n.khai chfnh
~~ch, chu~ye_n.yien pban.:ttch_'r,6ng 1V;'p.k~t 1{14a V~Y .. - T6 chiJ:c
nh!n ,slf t~p rrung nhrr v~y v~p. gill' cho cac ho~t dqng': ci'.ia h~
~honi dtfqc duy. trl, glu ou17c tfnh. tho~g nh:ft va .ti'et .ki~m
dt.rc;tc chi phf. D~~ bi~t la tranh dtt'?c ilnh tr~ng !:!\It=" b¢ trong

270 . ,""7.
.··~1
 · b,,f,? ~Mth.,y~. t,,?,:Jht!£ .:rMs•. ,~qh~.q~µh ~A.£,~ t~~P n.:g4n,)l ,va qi.a
·· ....:.f\9.Jt~;?;;;:;,., t;. ·.. ;;~;-i:;~;;; .· J. :~'..;~:,~·'.;' ;::;t;,l_!,. I~:.. ":·(:·~ '.~·.,-. :.:·,.
· T6 i;huc ·nhari..si.,r phan tfqh ·crff~h:>sa:.cfr. fi;~Ciia\;phi.rong.
' ' [ \ ; l:i'h' ..
.. .T.h~.g;,!; h'·~. ... ~ i-;·
.JfSl~@:.Bg~:~~mi::m-.H.t,1f~qu,y;µ1,~1~n !.fWl1U:1.Jp. vs;.Jrr ..quytn
•

,,.,q~it,P.~:~~~i.it~!'1fiP.i:Ghl~. ir~~~::~d.i;Ri~$::\.~:~~t;¢b#fi;;:i~vc" thi'. ~h 1r.11

sach· ·tt~n· dhi 'p~rL .Ca¢:~9.9fa'.\~·~~(:~i\~pit,ifo.li'.i_~cb,.1\itl:0:S:~Gh; a .tfia
: P.~µon:g .puµg :sN J~P i:r,.iing ·x~o.:th~g ·d.oi .PP:~n Jfsh llnh hinh
. .. ::;... l)h;t-ro~hi~.n.~s9iP.h.f.s~!:JJ;:::~iih¢or~e~e~~f:fi1ii~r.h~v~ i:i~f :ra, ·:!1Mn sIf
, . .lam p~an-Hc~ :~1,1.lnh s~ch fl '!if~ p,huang ,ciin c6· ph:!ril chat,
_,.,;.h~¥g8.P1RP•: ··~P.::XY.~~-.P~~f:it/' h~lli'f.S.;~b.~.::.Fhf~~ sach. Cac
-':·.
~ 1jWJ.n -.str.. na·.
:~~~1 ..Jt·•:j(j,t~':
. .kie.n.~.thtfo::chu·
.};{~~·.1•
'riaazih·
:.;,l\'J',,·~;;. .. ·;;1,!l,:!",...1•
. .dn:~p· hiii;c6 nano
r.-
Cf. ... ,....~•'.· ,. .. _n, M o O 0 :;:i

· · · · Jif.2''fb#¢'"i
M ... :.".I .. "\ :
···~ i··~ ii,t
aClH~U.Jiief.tt·£x,cfu.:'ve,,
,:tJ ...;.,.-..!. ...
~!,;,,...!•\
..':.
thrrr::.iti'ang.id:ia.:plrncrng
... :;.;,'ir"O:,···~?::,.;·· •(~!·: ·~:··.;·.. •• •

·: · '-~~k~~fu~~R&~~~~
.Itl!an
d!a• •plJ,u:qng
~~t~~,~f.~]l*t.~~~~~rlrii~~~~;·~~!~~
·t.<fciitrc··pl'rcri
s11• du,qc th!lc .cac 'h!iih vi'ra phan
•• '• . ' • • ' • •t .. • • ' ·' '-•'"'• .... ,.,, "-\\, «:114.!t..
~ -~. -~·t•"'l•,"I".'"'-!'' ! .. ,.,, .
0
f~i:i'/ 'Y'Ua~?r~j):~.t'fi;l~g!f.~9 ph'~ph'.~n·~;s·~·~plifol'' ft~~i:rr:J~n.. ~~a.i lh tf c
hi~!l .. cP,fnh :'><foh v~ ·pMµ .l1c.:.li·'lcipg. l}.gp· chifi:h S.~~ff ·:-o .oia
.,. .2hw:m 0 "·q-r.rctc'·be trHap ttuna.-lf ~h¥,tfo9· "n:'"c~p~iin'b Bo p·11r-11
.,. '~'~j711'.;;{·':g~f2\~;;~~ :~huJ~~· .Si¥,~~¥A~~i\: _':"::W~'.t1tn:;1~1ih; r:1~h
.
tri~n.:.khai..cb.fnh:'.sa~h ... . . ···:·..:. . . .. .. ·h'ri-;~,a
,_.,!'::i'~:.r:·-··t-·:.r:"·..:-~:~rf.'1.i1:n.2~.ri•-::t! · ~~.. t:..:~~ .....~;':.".;..
;..;.' :\J;fo .chfnh sach
·;;tj.1·1:·::~t1.· - .• ,. ..
· ·'· · '.'kJtti).1g'1if;•e:af"bfert\if''. ... ;,~~ ''.pfrti: ·ifai'.2:0i~u. ~kien :~ua
· dfa :phu~~g;.';¢ac: ·ch~yin .vi~~ /ehan. ti~h: i6ft~i.1;W~P'~:'Iirih" hlnh
.......:._. ,i:tn~c~tl;l±·':c~.fP'H.·~~~¢~:ti~'-9iK\W~n":.~f{i'a:.j-iif~fi~::rfa~~ki~g ~gp_ ~a cac
<Ha i;ifiuong, cO' s.cr,.:dc ,t6 c:hil-c d rihan fren:dia . ;fian'.'. I(et qua
·phan li~h c,~a· ~¢.: :p~~n td:n_g.h.qp c,lug~,. ~*1;1y~~· p§n 'Hinh d<!-o
·. ¢lj1p_4: giiyert:Hnn. Atid.f~:4. eftfi#h;:.q9:s~i'.rifg'. flii1 :J~a~:ng k~ ;tio~ch
· chi :dao ~di:~ti harih:thuc rhi ·.chlnh sad:i. ·sau:d6~6' ~ lden .chfn11
thuc: ~u~ c;i:p ~c6 .i:~~~ .StW~.n;.,. $e. t~ng ll9.P th:~nh ~~en ngh1 ve

··~~~~;~!~~~~~·~~~;~?p~~~~~~~W&~hf~~~~~~i~~t#t~h.~J~: t
..... t::~c
. ..
.ctfa pbtrd,ag
....
ltitY
. . .}bie.o
. . . ,tf!a
- .:c,;,IJm ". ban d.u:qc.:.b6
. .
trf m¢r .chuyen

271
 vie·n chuyen trach th~o.dciFp~_fr ~i:;li tlnh.:~nb: th~cthi·.c~fnh
sach <le bao ·~aa' chiti'lr quyen rrvc ··th~¢c . va nfrom'. #1tan i'tich
-...... J_~_qg_~qp:·~i~:PhY.<tng~ ...· . ...... ... ···~--·
ID~ quafi'.fy sit·dv·i1g·;d¢i ngii rihA1Lsi,rlam ·vi~c c6 hi~u
· oua~ l':iUia nuoc?phaf.bait':iIIanhva· ·ap:aung 'tonKt.a1· quy die
.... .'..ho.~t..d{mg.•c~iu~ac.:dOf'~g nay.:. . .·..... ~ '.~.. . . .
3~~ Pbat ~~iI~n .tig1.uS'n: tilitt~ s\( l~m: ph~n-.tich chirih
sach .
·f)~· khong ~gu~~i:·~~trcao:.ch~tl:ti'.¢1~, hi~u ~u~ coni tac
phan tli:.h · c:hfilh s~cq{·:~;Nha gtrqi;:,. ·c:~n,:•quan ·tam. ,ph:it tri~n
. nguon nhan lgc phan ·:.tlcfr chi:iili sach~ Mu6n qtlin ly, phat
trifo •tot iigifot'i :nnall'.li;rctlam 'pnan tfo~ ·. c:liliih s<idi cfo· cht'.i "y
thl!c hi~n m¢t s6 n¢i dung sau~
~· Tuyen fruyen.tq~g J~Lv~ .'~nghe:": phan. tfch ch.fr1h sach
con~.
- T:hiet l~p :Cc(cJi.!"hoq.Ld9ng· va:..-qu~n· ly nMn. sl! lam .
phan trch chiriksach.cqrig; ' . ·· ·
. . - Xay ci~~g ·h.~ thdni'·da~.-~~o~ BJi duang. v~ pMn. tfch ·
chfnh sach.
co· ch€ ct¢ -khuyen klitch nh~n sif Jani :ph.an tfoh· chfnh
s~ch -tot · ·· ·

4. TO CHO'CTHONG TIN'TRONG PHAN TfCH CHiNH.

- '-·- ~ ~--- '! ' 'I • '.,, • '

--~ACH. _.
1

4~1.. Vai tfo ,~ua.·thong-., tin,· p:h!i'cmg pha.p' .thu th~p

thong tin .tr.ong=pb'anJi~b:ehfoh:.sa~h
. . . ..
·~
· ·,·. ·
__ .~ ____ Trongcetufui~.Ij;"thong~tiri:: citigc:..cei-Ja~errd't--li~u tua diiu-.
272
 }'~~l·j~: .";~:· . ;·~<_.Hilh ~\:·~;i .i~\· ·j'f·~· di'(~.'~ ~:1:~;~ll ·0;·;: ,., ·. ~:·~'. ·• h·~··
'H.J' 1
·Y,~6:,, .a y.~u·to<ql.iyet. !Il1.1:~!-lr.n:·¢ua.t .. fµgng:·san 'P.,~am"cua·
.. " . .,
quan
~ >.::::fa~';, ,¢q~;:t~~l{~¥,QR~if ·!t~~·§.fff.@':~J.¢11.rig6;ii_g))tl;kJ19ni·~~i-fa::chat
1

i ~· ··. . n~d}fr{-r::e&11t~1~~a-Kti'lf~lrtf<Sfig tt>£~ l,H9,,~ti~~!rJI1~'Hi-:C1~r1·:"1<~&: qua

:f.~. · pMri'.tfc1l;· kha11g co thong d.11 vaf~li~i);g:;tih'.flih~µ~:·clirp.h . ~ac

~ '· ·••"S!il~i~~ ': :~1~~ •. •b·J~l~~1~ri:~:

l~., ··. dt:!::Jlifil1:~;1ifi :fitrnn- Bir ·ii¥'1rrtih'.~Jd~·ila&~~ft~ :kub~.t~oc ky thuat
.-~ va.sar; J.~it". ..'~ ·. . -. ·_;;~;:,:~'.. dr:~r:.t\. ~( ;<>: :;';'. ~'.":· ·
ffi '~ .· ,:,_: :;ThP~g .thLP~h thiet cha p~~rt;;_tfCh.chfnh .sach·.~bog c6 th~
thu dugc.tit:cai::·.cO' ql!~n ho!f~Il d!nh, t6 ch~c. tri~n J.;hai::,..;a chi,rc
t~l;c~ffir :~a~q :9·4·~ 'tlh~:J.i.traf
.. ~.1.• :--;ln•:t.:S., ·~:-c
!'Jo
q,;.ft-µp:g_.µ:?,,~g)'.~
.,:O~•·:\o:·f' ... \
"'\.t·.... .. .,
c;tj_~_,p~qang.
r:t•'···~ ,.•
cac
,;c-.•.•,••!••-·t I~, ··~,.t ·~··,,,
·. · Jmdt:i.tr·iie1{·th0ci: ·din.iCf:a;.: c ·i1iia.. :aac·it6 :cliuc~.-c·a ·nhan·1ron a xa

·:: ~- ·~ ...

- Ph"!ii!Cl:S :pµ~p . cliuyen gia~

~ ,!
-: -.:f:ll~~~,~~~~~~i~~.~Jt'. ~. ..
: :
•
...
J_.
< ·:::::i.?for~,rrn:..P.~~p:su:i{die:n.Ji.en 'h? .
"'Phuong·~Ji~b t6tig'h'd6;.,/N
.... . :·:... . '•·' ... ':'""1". .
..:
. , ..
·:.Tuy i~~o Il1~c1:dfol}:1,.Y:~ir·1 cair-d1a coµg ·tac phan 1ich nha
... .Phan rich
.. '
i~a;4nQri
.
-choirn"~rilJ:•:pJ.1¢1fig.:pMp
~· . "
thu ih~p rho!lg. rin
.. ~I ,
thfoh· 4Qp~.

4.2. c~~.fo~i tho~g tin ~~ cho pb:an t!ch ch~rih s~ch'

Thong tiri .i;:~i:t cha ·pha1t tii:!li: chfhli s.ach .c6 dtn;.ic tlt nhi6u
 ngu6n, rat phong. phu, da. d~ng'; vl.:the cic:iilia phan tich' phii
hiet l'!a ·ChQri., tltU th~p ~liOng t~~ Sa~• c}io dap ~g (;itrgc. V~.s6
hrQng, did:t hrgri.g, i::h_ung lo~i,~ ~hat gian :~heo y~u du p.h~ · .
·r:fch•..-£>~
" .
...giup.;chci,
• ., .
. ~c...:.~
. .
;pli~. ticl:i tlm ki.~i;n: thc'•..•
. "·--·· .. --. -- . .r.. .
~
'm·g tin c6 .·
~i~u .qu~, ngtioi ta ,nghli!n· cUil.Jlh&n fo~ftji-gO,i,'tfii:°:m~t ~ch
lilioa b9!!~ ·a~~n th~ng.\in. eho:p&an . tfcli ~hrdfu~~9Ji ~~o/.~~ phAn .
--4.o.ai-t-heo-sac-tieu~chl:s::i.u:· . · . .··
' . . . .· . . ........ _.
-~~- ··--:--........ :........;_ ~-- ~· ·:~. . .
.

. - 'Phan lb~'i theo mljc.,ctidi ph.ant[ch:iba~ g6rn tMng tin

tham kfoio, thong tin.d~,H~u;thorig
. . tin trtrc.'dl}ng.
. . .
-·Phan lo~ ihe:o.'ti'rth citatg6m·.cO'thbrig tiii ch~~h thrrc,
th6ng tin r..hong chihh thtJc..
. ..
- Phan lo~i the<:> thcrLgian.co thong lin qua khU', hi~n t?i.
ttranglai.
- l'han .lo~Ltheo ph~.·".t"ho~t(d¢ng-..c6.. thOng tjn d~i
chung, thong tin n¢i b~ 1 tht')hg. tin m% thong tirl Trung o
·uong., 1horig :tin c:ua.ng,a.ri.11,'.. thong tiri· &t'lia. ..
\\ . .
phudng
'
••.
..

- Phari .lo.ql theo· ·n~i: ciiing·:,goriJ c6 th6ti'g · tiq kinh ti!;

chfnh tr!, van ·ha·a: xa hqi; moiJrti~g; Tt'orrg thppg ·tin,xa h9i
l~i Chia thunh thong tin vf:.· aan -:So\ lao :d(lrig, v·i~c lam, thu
nh~p.

- Phan lo;.ii theo quy tt!aji.,chinh sa~h:'gom c6 thOng tin

:v~ s~ng kien c-hinh sac*, hoJ:ch.-· 'dilih. C,W1;ih sich.::t6 ch1k t?t,rc
.
thi chfn.h sach, danh gici phAn: tidi. chlnh,$ach. ..· .
, ... '
'

Vi~c i:i;ra ch9n .each phan lo~Ltheiqg· tih n:ao la do cac

il:ha phil'n.tich chJ.nh s~cii..chu. d\?ng qu.ye't d~nh. " ..,. ;~ . .
!.

·274
 . .,,~;~.~;·, Xr.~~ £~~;;,M\.JQ'H~~n.~:Jif? ~H::,?,gJ:J&.:c~~::qua trlnh
. :~~:~~.:~~:.~.::~~~:1·~.'.~~:fc~..·:.~·~ ,., '.· ·. :;~,,:,~ ~ .. ,-:· ..,..,.. : .. : ·· ·.
·· ·· ·•··Kh'a:O'"var·:r} · ···':ili&-na:·tI.if~a'.i:i~chO"'hghiern ·ciru khoa hoc
·-", ·,fo~it>~~~~rr9~'.~~ . l11}1ii~~:~'.·ft[~i~~~:i.}\¥g:A~it2tci1'r~h sa~h
'iJrlar·:cfrt"ti:gI~i:r?4iltb~~~f~~. ,a~Ehffih~¥~~~~:'····' ·. . · · ···
43..1. Yeu cait thong tin chi tilt
.·· ... :'.·::~?~~~~l<~~i;.;~i~~,:~·
tfoh·'tan~·
'hal ':'Ci
·:~~-" ~~~!~~y}~t~h. . ~·~ff.h:, P~F. :.n~~\ pha~
c"~~J:Ht _.,~
tli'"n.<t']frt"·.cnf tieti:ve to.an bC
. :'~ac:ij~:~f ~~i'·:*~~l'.~~~rt~a~A!1Sb.$·~~t~~·H~~1K:B~~i. .¥ic thl
chiµh sa9h .f!ldi ·~9 the phan giai d,u_gq''.quit·:t"rfoh ch:rnh ·sach.
. ·. .4.3 ~'.?: ::~e_.~:~~~ ~~?;~~'.~i~~!i~
· D.(qiiail"ly xifli.ilf:P,J:ilfiiiin i:hep.dinhhi,rang;'.Nh~ :nuoc
tf. .. ·-. ·. "·. ·
·.• .,. ;9• ...:" ;.-\-.,.:":"i-':,· ... ;:j~t·1~·~ :.i.:t,.::·· .~·!;.Q.("~\'..I.~'• •.:~~~·:; .. ·'·~ • ...... t~
·:-.;;:;:·. ,, •

.P~ai s1:1::·~i.tng··I}1§t:li~ :~l!:9ng:S;,.oJig.,~l}.&ac;:~9i:ig dopg:::b.~. den. cac

. . ,;ii,li~1J~~ffl4c~~:·~~j~;;~~;::~·
.. i•:'fLitit 0
ctia.ibac·
~ ........~,..~ ::•. .:.-.•1\·i.·': . .
ori:-0 h0ach
: •.~,:1?; .. ~.. .'!
· , ·'d· tf'tn" ·n'"n , · ••

.·;:~~1:~~:•Yia.'.:;.·~.k.~ :1.·Fitf :-.·'i:tz.iti.i~;/~.·~.'\:}· ;'lc'<t;~~'~?' ', \!\, ., sac• .• -~ ,_ .. ~.:~· ... ~.

)~~~t .(;!911:g,_x~ h..9i.di~n ..ra . ·k~9J!.g :ng)':riig th~.o thai gian.

·1)£6
-
'.ca«rd:tiaC:"dic.'clit!i:1f
::-.,;.·~;.;. ~•• J .:.,-:;• •• !' ;;··
~~~b:"f~c.:&n&::i!itt.ri.ng·~.uy.en,
-:···!.~·..- ..;·~":'~".' f?°J :.\..: ..~·t.~~t.:. ~· ,;..~;:.~.~; _1':·~·· p . ·... :. ....:·'~ "·~ ,\:.!-:::
.i- ..... 1·". ~
•
li~n t1,1c
.. •

'-a~ :d. a.1r;:a:at~: tactdong:Jrrc·w:a.~meu,·chinh:ihe& ·ahih h11crng.

',(::t!~~~~~:tl::.::~::¢.d6i·;•?ng
;de
nh~:·:Rieng,.::vql '.nh~. plWtn tiaf.i.;cbinh •:sifoh, .:yeu· cau thOng
rt6p

.rfn ..bli'lnh";~~~;~~pg:•;auqc:~oi.Jr911.g,.:.fi.phan tfc:h·~an de'n thcmg

tin:;. trgc, dij°ng.
. '
nQ.ie~: hon d~c.h.~~t
.. 'd¢ttg k!v.ic ...

275
 4.4. ·H~·.tho#g th~~g:·~ifr;t~Q&;ig:·il.:li.a*
.... ..'."m~h, diinh'·~ach
·.• .
. D~ tlfo ~!tu~:~¢. ?U~g:-~.~p·J~&'~gittn.:~po . phJlr:r-tiCh chfhh
sikh. 'Nlla ·mrac ·citi 'fbi~t)~p·lri9~ li{ t~6~g.ili~~g t4i th6ng
.. ::. ·nfiar"ti:!'...Trurrn uctng~d~n~~¢1:s&~.H~·tii6i.fgAh6ng tll:iquoc ,gfa ve·
. ch.fnh skh..bao-g6i:n: · · ' ·
4A.l. H~ th'b'ng·:thong)in ·c.Jifith.tHitc. bao~.g~m nhii'ng
t~ong tfo Hen,. quail. tl5n. I6· ·chfro h9'. !Qa~; ·4en .quan ly· di~u
h?;nh chfoh'. sach d.o Nha. . ritim: tig.ci\ti€p:.·quan lf'.:Nbfrn'g' tI:i~ng
tin n~y duqc chia ra: ... ·
H~ ·th6ng thong ,tin c!µrih. sacit o·Trung ua~g:bao gom
chcong loi I chu trti'ctng Ya "nh.unjt:;quaii. df6m phM ttien. dat 0lfOC
cua :bang dm quyen; .· ,nhu~~ .qhy ~lnh. pliip iu.*t ve. chuc
nang, nhi~rn Vl.J, q11yAn ~ ban hUnh, t~ chuc tbtfc thi, dieu '
chinh v~ :phAn tith . qhinh :S~cli da cac: cri quan,nlia ntruc; vt:.
ice ho~ch tdtn kh.ai thi;c:'hi~n c~i~h . s~ch.;· t~i li'¢u :ve M thong · .
chfah sa.cih doi nQ.i, ddi ngo~ ¢ua Nha; nuoc; tai: Ji~u \'.c!'th6ng.
ke, ·~e ho~ch. tlri chlrih; .·tai 1i¢u V.e '~fie 'i."\htrd~g· trirrh:; di/ an
pbat tri8n kirih t~ xa .h6i; fai li~u:ve c:fc ngucSn ll;re.Cua x1i"h¢i; '
cac baa cao v~ tlnh hlnh t~ chU'c th!fc hl¢ti cct che, ch!nli such'
cua Nha ntr6c ...
, H~ thong thong.·tin c11i'.nh sach et··d!a phuaµg bao gdm
· d!ii.h huon.g;. ciiii. ~trtt(t~g. phat til~n rtj'~, phtictng.:trgqgtu:ng thai
; ..
k~: ke ho~_ch t6 chrrc tht;fc:thi chfnh s~qh; cua ch(nb quy~n di.a
. . • ' ·.~· Jl - ·; . . ~ L. .. 'I..
'11... • .,,. .,,.
!3h.U$Fcb t S·U.-"1' a-ltI:h.~ ~./~: tO·-cb:UC -th·uc·tlll~ "Va-~p·hful Uoh- ·ch:i:ilu··.
4' • • •

i,
00
-.&. • • • .:lo ,'I ' ti
sa:cu·; .
rai li~u :vf. thong' ke, ke . ho~ch. tai.:ch~hh•.chttdng~irlnh, dt! an
. er.~~ .tl.f pl:l~t tri~n..~inh t~ - x:ii;h9i f1 .dia~:phi.ron.g~" taf li~u.:Ye cac
ti~m n~ng nguop ltjc dja' phuong;. tai ll(}U Ve· ke't qua thgc thi
chi'.nh sacli CJ d!a phtrciitg; ~~!.JfoliJiinh th!p' hanh ch!nh ~acfr
~uacac d6i tlIQng chinh sach.•. ·-·- -··-- --- . . ..

276
 ~ l"" .. '' · ·. :;:~~·> ~· .,:": :' ,',;""'>' .. '.
>~y. ''' ' •: ,. 4.:-4A2.~ 1.!#![.£thqrzg. ·.~lfQ 1!:~-t:t~n. ~ltP).~~itP!f:f .lf:~O/:f.!!.:·'. f l:J..il h
. •,
·, ~ nhung ,khong :qo"Nh~;il1;~,: · · : . 4!.~p,fr~"~i h1,:J\{h't~~.?Mng tin
~. / nay do caG .to. chuc··phh.¢ ·="·:Va ~a.Jih~.Q- .:trarig.va ngoai

.·. ~:
: ; • • ."!::t-;J•. ~ • l •.:°N"t::.~;.~ -:~.1/i';;'~~2'.'.t~.;i ;~:5}J.::~
•.;.··.
". ::: ni.r&.c lµu chuyen trpi;i.·· ··' · · ··· ··· · ·· ·· ti\i'.U~Y,~Uen quan
'~- . . ... "1"''t•;t ..
·~'-).·• •,:-·,.,J ~

. · "'oal~rtlr6'c va· ca

1
11
: ~.. d.~ri .nhi~u 46i'·1:11i:tjf': _ .. . _. .
•• ~-
·ch~ the hoach ii.iriJ ·tKU~:t'.tfii].~hl1ifi~.S-td·l{j\~~i~Tuffi!4t6 frn cav
4 • • • • .... l • •.• •.. ' -." . . . . . ·,, . ·• ' : . • .,.J

. .,'.":~·
. .. .. . i];h•.
r~~op.g· ~?,~P·:t6~~
. .~·::~ffil~~.in'.!EP.\f~;:nm..~.u ·~~P.$'IT!p611 ~~hu qufln,
d" ·.. "' 'h' . . . -·~ ., .. .//i••h' ~ h' ..h . 1
;ft .:';~.n~n::':'=_ t;Sl!). ~q~&9.~~j1~. ·~n;/Fr9.ng;::J:~e:.~t.~an. :.r~~r; '~·.an. ·v1. uu
,"f

.~ i . :.:1:9.h.u;(-fo~~-~~;;r.~~rl::Wi~~~~.liong.;~~.W µ~y;)~t~a ·nl£6',c;~ho;f1.~g qua.11

. ;• ·:; JY:.:*r.an'.tf~~.'.,ffl'.u.lfg·itfrp~~:.g~a~h~;rliqp,;g.!;q~y.-.ctjqfr phat> lu~r.
~~ ~ · ,,.,,'.;;/~ .1;.~~1u.:/~4ri· i'ii1i ::r:::~,~~~ . ·iLAJ,,:,;sJ.i; ·i.t,.: ·;~.i'''}r;_; :;;,~.: !·;· .;. · . ·:..; •
.• 4•$..;, ~;I'.9.·:_cl)g~,".qt,lgil.. JYirt~!t: . g;µ Q&, tlJpJ1gJ1:q ::~rpµg ..pmrn
~H.~.: . ,., H~~.§.~,£~R;A~i~i: ·:;;.~:~~~·. ::~~~:::,~::~~~. .;: . ::'·,;,r~'.;.~;~·~;.~Jr;;:. : ·:· · : :,;.....·...
,.,,.
~· ••
. .
.. Th.o:ng··rin·Ia:moby.~u;to\V:ah::liik: -·· · ·':·i·•t:A.I'
. . . . •
det>:;~6;,,gi~ t,r;L v.cri
:!'. ......... ,:.,:~,;_.;.:.:;,•...i..~·· ..t~l·!:::.f":1:.:.,..;:·.\,;,
... "":·· ~·!.· •.: .... .
~.·•:,:· 11( ',· · ~: ·:o:··tfa
1
.. t r.-
.·:.
. ·Cfo nha phan tfch .chfhht.'$""· :> :..·:. ,,.,,,~,.. ,•.,....
• .•
"l'/' ...., ·,.-b,
• •. , ,·.. :~·;,_;.•.;'.!· :.- .
dtrct.c
•

,, . ,. .quyet'..i:lil'.lh:bai a.9, l,5{f;d~f.. . .. ;lf.forc:· quan

. =~ ~ 19 su"d~~g . ~h9'n& ;~in tt~ ·MMh:,Ui ...: . . . . . . --..... ,.ng:.;:~,Ix~n vm
~j ~ .ca.c c,h~~,t4~·~t-·~~ll,g·~.~6.~$ i,~n~ · ;,,,!;c~;r::::?. ~:~~'E;: ~#~·::
!~:~' 4S.1. Y4~c4'£! t6t;hfrpth6;i.p:iiil'"f~''"'·"" ,;, .... ~
.;:, ·.De 44~11 iy, ,knai tMc SU :d'~h:.~rf~?'.fili:ij~~µ{~~1;~n,g
1
tin, cac

\J'~ t qP.qu~n.·~ha nupc.'.c~n Hen h~·n~·r:S.i1Cib'.~c.'fft6·ifg :t1n't~e.P n11ii•ng

yeu i;:iiu sau: . · ·:::»•:.:, ,· ••,_,;.;. ,.;·'"'' ·
:1t -Thong tin ban. ci4o.: phM p_h\l'hqp:"·· 1
•· · ~·r''·' ·
]~ - TMAg. rin.I>ta'.f:ii~m~·b~Q:··~6';til~~rv~~<::hihugng.
~~· -l)Am o.ao'y~u :~a:u·tnong·nhi'dttfiiiliin, '· ·
·~ ~
,, ..;:sii d9n.g ppai 'fi~n lqi.
- stcd.1.,mg .Ph~i der ld~m .

....... .. . .
277
 .·•

Quan ly· $ll. dgpg: thong tin>c6 v! :trthang d:~u· tr~ng. :coi:ig. T
t~c qu<in Iy noi chu·ng, !l'o4ch:~tltkvaphan:tfch chfuh: ~~ch.n~L · J
ri~ng. Quln. ly thong tin tot, sirdt}ng th6ngJiif hi~~· qua c6 . co
--·tiic ·d9ng·--rtfr;lotv·:de'n:.tJ.uif ti"!n}i 1:hqc.hi*fi :ml}cjiffe,µ ·,pMn ti'ch
·cnfrih ·s~t:h.··U~ qtian '!)! 'tot th6nirJint ~antrac cfill:
• • • ' r •

- Quy O.inh :\i&h~iih6n:g.-~·ngtin: · · -·.: ·-

..-.:- --~·~ff\rdihh'~'thn~
'.{, J •
1.,;~p·';.th6ncr-tln.
..U.\, .
·. t:).

- Qu:y ci~:nh v~1iru\~h~y~n-th.6Qg tin..

- Quy: djnh>"fe:. hm.gi.tttb;o~g;tin.
.•
Tren ccr ·sCI jreu: ~u: :si'r"d~ng:'thO.ng -thrcua cac ca-.q'ilan
phan tfoh chinh.:sach,.N1ia/hu6tithoa;g ~trfl;>an hannca.cbe
SIJ Gttng thong ttnJ:ihtr CUQg~.ea:p :nu~n phf thong ti'n, tt:aO 00i
thong tin, cii!ch vp thO.ng: tiii. ;Baµ lr?ttih· cac quy· dinh- :v~ blnh
thtk cung cap thong tin nhtq;Jhat . h~nh. van.·b~n •. pbat thanh,
truy~n hinh, n~i m~rig vi~n: thong ri¢'i bq v~ q.rioc t~:
Khi si'r dt;1ng :thOng· tin ca.c nha phan tfch· chinh sach can
tuan 'theo. quy trfo.h.$lt dt¥~g_s,au;.dily~
- L~p.k€h9~<* sl!d~rig:.thOng tin.
- Thu th~p,th6ng tiij.,
- Ph~:ii lo~ !hang t{n.
- Xfr. ly thi'.'nig,tin•. , ..
-·Phan :tfoli thong: tin.
- Cfr[Ugc:tbCing.tin.
,. Ttsng h@ th6rtg .t~rt. tf.'
• ~ ·'·'h
- Stru.y. ng t.:be~g.;t;1n~.
\l '• •

- K16m. soat.:thO~o:
•. . -P:tin~ ...'
~.Quan !y th6rtg· tin.

278
 . .• ·.9,.z;:.0.un1.r ii'.E:I.g?~ra·~tf~~1~~t,::~l 'kJ,:;t,.hqJ~.t:~liu.' p'1au ·tfch
chitr.ii'~a~h · :· . .
· :·.. ; · · '·: ... ::..... ._. . ·· ·
:~'.. . .
..... .•• '"'.. •. -! ; ~~ : " • " •• ··' !• • • • ,"': •• .·"

·'.-_·· '· · 'B,.b.~.t· .:~·~l}g,ph~~ Jf9h -i1!!~h,i~S.q .d~~.rt, ~~ ·~h;u:qng. ~uyen,

lien t·~2::'n~ri:nh'~ng,:.y~~·:t~G
.~. .
. . .
;v~.-9ung. :(rng
'" . . ·~ .
tiang.\(hiet·~1 .Icy.. thµ~t

279
 cling ldUt' op. d\$; Trang .t16 c~t :'~.e'.u.··t&J>:a'.t:. M·n_g .sin. dugc.
~ung c~p 6n t'linll :ngay t~ :dati~ ·ci'.c :'~~dJe-ri fruq d~Q~'. g~n· v&i
dia· v! p~~P iY.· .t~a· :c:ac; ~tr 4u~i;J.. P~fil;·:~r~h .chi~h sfi:cb. ·Yeu ·to
nay chi thay'.d'6i.f<hi do S1f~4~ a6.Lv~' fo: ccfch .phag)y .d1a.h~
t h6hg~ •Yeti .t6"eiencdcj'iig:·iffii~u '\ro~ir· cUhg<uhg 'triiq.g tlii~t l:J!
· ··xy ·1h~~rra··ky"'tlrir~t -~ -~~g"'llgi;t¢~· C.on-g.;t~c. ·piian: tfoh chirih
sach durig trucrc nhiing yetl· c~u ti.gay· "m9t c.ao. v~· ·s.6· l11<;1ng,
ch~t lttgng Va theti h;µt tr~ng· phfui: tfch, frqng, khi)C~~; Q'.iiJlg Ve
.nhan Slf Ia hiht h~n, nen vi~c.'thq?Jng x~y~i;i;,Aoi htoi"y~ tfang
thie=t bi ky thu~t - c6ng ·ngli~ la ta'.t yeu>khach qlian. Do doi ·
son~ kin!:! te xa hQi ngay-cang -phat tri~n, yetr .d.u ve giai .,'
>
quyet cac va~l deb~n ~P.inl'.1 sach.: ctmg ngay ~~rrg tang. ijoq.r
d¢ng kirih. le xa h9i carig phiic t~p~ caitg c~ nhieu yeil t6; .rihan .:· .
t6 anh. httCJng den chfnh sacJi Va qua trlrih _tl'Ji!J'.C thi chfrih Sacb.
Trlnh. .d9 xa h¢i cang cao; b.9·dmg·c6. n~ir!u yeu..clu,.nguy~h.
vc;ing v.oi crrc ca qtian Nlia n,1t!1c•.Xa hgVca11irphat-ti:i~n...-thohg
tin ding nhieu v~ so lirQng~. chung ..Io~i; t6c d~. l:lru chuy~n
nhanh; ton vµ duoi nhi~U·.hfoh .tht1c..... Bai vq.y c~c· Iiha phan
tfch chfah s:kh ding phii .khoiig .ngung thay d6i c~c: phu'ang
phap phan tfch., kf thu~t xir lf thong tin·va cong ngM ·hi~n d~i
khac d~ ltjp theo doi, ·ph~n tich. aanh g!a: clifnh S'cien theo yeu
cilu phat tri~ri. . .

5.3. Quan tv sir 'dt].ng trang. thiet bj.ky thu~t

Tran~. th,iet\p}. ky *u~t.p!J.\l:t vlld:i9 qua tflnl:i~P9~n tich
chirih sach ·cong~ deu thu¢c ·~a·hfiu Nha nuac, Mt v~y vi~c­
quan 19' 1?ir ·du,n!f'c6 .hl~1J qua, ~;ic; yeu r6 nay la tr~C.h P,hi~m
.cua xa h¢i, tna . ttt!c ti€p-:ta cic· co· (fua& ltong .h~·'tliong p,h:An
ifch t:runh sach. ·pe quail ly s~ d1JP$ tot: c~c yeti tci" tqmg thiet
-bi ky tliu~tclro pfyan tkn· dtinli sacn canpnai: -
280
 . • ·;. '.~,: •• ·. •.• • :i:;"t.!:••:. :r.\...~--~. ·~.-·} ;: .. .' . '
,. Co quy c}le c1:1·rhe· ve q~anJfsir pftpg:crang.thiet bi lcy· ·
t~u4t. . .. . . · . ,,.\,.: ......:~~.:; .:.i~::i;·;;:..•'~~:~.. : .'·'""-

1f1ft'.~;~~W~{~1::;·~~~:f:;;;~;,~;~:~.;;;ft:'~~~s P'.'An
' . ···· -.L~p:Jct
Ii!m~·- ·~":".!
....: ..
ho.a¢h,.cJHJg' J1i:igdr!iJ1g,,1(lU~t. '!:i!t,'.ky)·thu*t:I:iang
•:.:1:J~l ·•.t:'.~};:•.; ....?~··· 'o.I •,:-..·-:;.,~··,. ,"-.. • •• ' . • • I •:·~· ' :' .: '. .:

. . · ~>~~t~?:?~~; ~:\\fc~~~pi;·mffe.t; ~Z<~~1!~.tqi.~6.~g;;ti:ghi?. trong phan

.·:~~f:·?:~m~~;fr.~S~:;~Y~(··~ ''.··.·.·,:,::~>. . ~t::~:t: :.-~ ~:~ ;~ ,:. ~,:Ar;~~.·.~ .. >· . ·. .'_; ·-
q,. · · · '.XAYJ>,(:JnftfHE
. ~t' :,.· ;·i:.; i ;·
.... ~
THON.Ci'
,.; ·:, ....... •;,~;!.~.·
.°IHE CHE VE)~Hk1'1'
l' : ·; .·:.: :;. ,i.:·: ;; ......... .;'"';• "
-l; ·~". • .... . •
TfCI-I .-~........
·,.... ''°C'f;l'J:i..·tH':s·A
J.'J,~·1~.
I,•
.. C"·H ..,. . .· . ._ _. I :·.
.
'.,\,:,' '..:::., •:';_.''.
·.... -~·:-· ~ ~.. !·.~';'.::.:. ...:}-..J.:~i_~.~. ,l.:~... :t:~.;··· •.. ::'"·. ,•. ' ..
• .. • • • • \ .1;.,'~ ••

f~~;,6,,~;:~~~,~~~r~:~r~~·~::~!~!,,)~fii~~~~·~· ~~h
:?Nti.~ :i{~od"pfi\Vp''.qO:Y,t!!Fqu~f(:iy. ·xa :Mi'.~n~ftne .cbe. Thfi
c:htfg~up cJ:10 .m9i ho:;i.r·:<l9p.g ¢thi'.':doi.'.sqni.:~-:-:~! :c\~AP. pi...c·o

·it~i;!li!!f!~~!tl\,~:IR~~i
. cac
~c~th~i~.~~h ~c2,#,~;:·)i¥ Jhglig:otl~~ ~fr~~ ~e:. mrac'phai :dlip i.fng
·yeti''t.~4·#u·: · ·· · · " · · · ,
·. .. .'. .~J·;:,p)~-~~~i:·:4;~gs:;~a~ ho.~r: d,9.~ig "lJhair~tict~·-.chfrih ·such dien
r~,i~·:~~~~~~~: ~.~o ~;r1~.P~an!ro;,,,:h\~; '"~?~}'~
cao .. nang suat,
th.atih .ch_U:yeu ngJf~p· .ho.a :a&:·r;~q.g';:b.tfqc" iiai.lg
. '
·1
.I cha'.duqng GOngcac phan tfch. -
i
l ~ Th.u hut -rgng rai. i]l.Qi 1ifC lirqng' tham gi,a.. tlOl/-l c19ng

i·
·c
i'I
. pb:~ ticl!: .chinh :sacfi c6ng- itteo. ht.rang xa h9.i hoa ho<:tt a~ng
nay:.

J.
J
 - uan Ket .fracn -$~m,jiriY~rt ~il~: ~iia; cac t6 .ch~c,. cac ." ~ ·~ .
ca nhlln vcri J,cet qua.:phfuli{cif¢hiritfsach,~6ng~ . . . . ...
- Tiet ki~IIkhi~u· qua "tfong ph~n u~h ·chinhsach c~ijg. .
- D;;U.chdng,
'
dan:gian, d~:hi.~u.
... . ...-· ...... .;-- ..
•. ...
~:··."':·
·
. ... ..
_.~-:;.

(j.2_. a~ tn6~'.g th' chi . ·

.. H~· thelhg th~: ch(} phM~b;\~{q~~r~~t . 4u:9b .cfu~':tri~~ .phi.i.n.
. H~h-~h'inh s~¢-i1-fir:Ttuhg:u~g:'Cfih·dlfc io:.~tii.~~Cl@Rartitfon~
xa h<ii. Theo do M·~_ting·; thd·.ch~: pban· trch-. chfn_h· s·a~I:t hao
g6m: · · ·
6.2.J. Nhilng che djnh :~Jilin~£ cho h~ -th6'p.g. t3p.g tM
duqc hieu la nhii'ng ch€ dillh d.'ein .. ap: d1,1ng qhun:g cho ding ..
lo~i hl~n tuqng hay . hc;i~t :Cl:9ng" philrt tft::fr ti:o'ng :cat: h¢.: tbotig
phan ~fch ch!x;fh" sctch kh~c :n:6~u. v·r
d~ :nh!f'tii~·,d·!zili \ie quy
tdnh ·sir d!fng thong tin trong phan tfoh ~hi:nh ·s~ch ·hay che
dinh v~ tfoh·trung thi;rc tro~g:qu~. trujli:ph~~~t.ich cb,foh:sach.~.
Ho~t d{lng va :hi~n ttrQng: tt8n ~eu ton. t~} trong ca ·M' tbefo'g
phan t1~h c~inh sach Ci TiuJ;lg 11ari.g, d"ia·.pli~1;1ng va phi chmh
thuc. · ·
~.i.2. Nhti~rLche ·dinh,__cho ·~trng h~··thon:g duQ'c nitu Ia
nhfrpg d~~ din~ :chi- dein ~p :4\irig cho: d:C .h0.~t. d(lng; ttong
~ung hi;. thong·.phari tkh :ctuhh sach k:li~c nhau. Vt <ltt :.nforche
d!rih v~ phan tfch·:hb~clrdinh chfrih s'ifch cht dtrqc ;ifp ~I]ng b"
h~ thong- pM,n t!ch..chlnh: sacfi. Tru~g .uerng: Con efr~ dlnh ve.
ph~~ ti'.ch· qua trlnh thttc thi :~rutlh sach chfdtrQ°C' tbt.rc ~hl~11 0
··h9 thCJrig ph~n ifcfi~chiuh s:ich Ci d-fa pinrc:t:t:tEr~~ phi ~h:inh thtic.
Va cq!flinh.-ve.,phail. tith danh ,giii cb.fnh' sach 'l1i~¢c' v& tlil ca
cac cap a¢ b9 phi}:tttrong:Ii~·tiiong. .· .
... ,..., f

282
 X~_y dJ;rn:g 11~ .thO:qg rh~ ·i;.ht- v~ :phan rfch o'hfnh sach phai
tuan thu .rM ihe i:;·hun:g· ·v.€ guy trlnh ban hanh van b'an quy
.:\3h~m p~~P lu~t. Vai ti~rrng ·th~ .che kho_ng. thu'9.c quy djnh
:c;h;~~.g. cac. chu th'~ can. y~r.1 i;lvng i(;ay di,r~_g ~ho ~hich hqp'. .D~
:rhe.che xay di;tiig: dirge .~at thJ!c;- Nha mnfo .giao ·cho cac ccr
qu~.n :Go chuyen .mcm: cao·v~:ITnh.·v:t;i:c do ·chu trJ.xay. dl}:ng. Sau
. .. ca.c.
khi . " .·O ~n , rh~: ch€ ditdc.
"nhuoria . b.oa~ tharih, i;arl tnmg dlu y
:~·.1 . . • ; . .. • • .,

kien to.rig. raic4:a· ¢ac th:anh ph~:n tr,gng xa h9i. Qua tr1nh thar.a
djnh, ph:e chuiln va f;aj:i, haulrphai tuiln t)1eo lu~t·dinh .
.,

283
 cAU-HOI·r.aAo;Lqi;N
. . . ·.. .
cairON~
.... ·. ·.· 8.

·Cau l. Anh "(chi) haz·:cb~. bi~~ :s\t~cin,. tlii~~ :phli to chtk

c0ng tac :phan. tich chinh. si.¢11~ Ttln~ :J!ay ·n¢i: ~ung ci.ta. t6
cb:l'rc h¢ ·rQ.ong phan tr~l1;::«:mAli::~cli:· · ··: c,. ·• · . .. . . , .
,j

:.... -···-...:. ·ea:u~::·-N-~um·.fJ~~:~pnA-n f~~h ·~li"iiili.-sach.. c~rt. phru co

nhung tieu 'chu!ii nao ·v~;:i)h~ ~h~t; ·nait:g Jgc.:
Cau. 3. 'fho~g tin:·~~o· vai, :tio gl -~(>ng: ~h~·n tidi chlnh .. · •..., '·.
sach~ Nha ·phanJlch. ctd'nh s~ch· t:M:n··phli :quai:l ly; si.'t' cf~ng . . .
thong tin nlitt tht nao? '
Cau:.4. Trang ~.hiet "bl kythu~t cho ph~n t1ch ch:tn~ _sach
co vai ·tro gl7 Can t6 chtVc qtian ly~ ~rgi}g . tri.ii1f thfktbi ky
tbu~r cho·
. ph~ tfch chfnh·$.ach·nhit-thenfro
: ~. .
a~·.• co·Jii~u qua'!
~ ~ ' ...
· Cau 5~.Vl sao dn phai.xa.y dlµlgthe·che cb·p phlln tfch
chinh sach? Khl xa.y .d\mg M'-th6rig th~·cht riay. c.in pha1 dam
.bao nhu-ng· y~u, citu nao? · _
j
t
I
·1
I

\,_
ii .
~..
J

284
I ~~··'
·;;,
'5
 . ' .... ··1
trau doi th~rp rihiing 1tinh. ngfyi~r,n v~ ·vi~c' ho~ch dirih ·va, thge ·1
thi chlnh sach am:r6c. ta. .

Chllng ta vtra dtiqc. chung")d~n 1s1.ra6

• -···-·

vcf nghiem q9ng

:.. ... :· .. - ...-'* ...

cua n~n ~itilt t~..tli~:gi6L;dq. ~Ji~c j4f~rig hO'AngJai dtirilf·- il!n '
J
; .. ·j:
t~ g~y ra ifi .thfrog ~r ~~ _fQ,§.g;;~ ]~~!.~~·fl. ·~tf;rihifrt:g Cdll song . . ·-:
riii!ri v~ rj giifii6Dfo1T ti-~~ti);Firn.~gg.1ru "C-filiii?:·aea ~~ khu !
VlfC d~ t~o th~.nh rn¢lcdn ba'.ci fl:i~ph v:eBii'.cltfnfr.... :,tie1:tt¢,J'rtrn
cho. (hi ttttang.nay mil.kh3,nang .ch6ng ·da.,Po:vi~~c:taiin6.i ty
gia· dong Baht c8a <;hinh phf:i .Th~il,an, d~i trd thanll.n'gOi n6
cho. cuqc khung hoang tat chfb.h t9an cau .. Sq lay la,n CU.a. n6
den cac thi trtr9'ng tai chi'.nh 'kha!'.:. trong.khi.t V¥tz nhtr Malaysia,
Indonesia, Philippin, Singapore; .•. th~n:i. ·chCe~c· till .trti'ong..c6
. d9 tin c~y cao nlm Nh~t :ciii1.:g)~h~ng: t~~.:~h.6ng do n&i.
Bart
Khllng hoang .fan sang c~c, chAu 'll}c' k,hac rihti~Ch~U· Au,. Ch~u
Phi, Chau My La - tinh "<i.a anh .,h.tiqng.,lrl!c ti~p .ct~n ·~trt;t :c¢t
ldnh t~ the' gi6'i" la i>,~n. .ip.zib; ti~ My·• .Do tac d¢ng ci,Ia cu9c
khung ·hoang tai ciilnh. ·:. "d~n. i~ .nen Mu .hit 'r.i:~·n kin:h..t€ tac
ntwc.deu ia:m vao 'finh.tr~ng suy, thoai. 'frong.46.-n~ng· ne nha:~
Ia d.c mr6'c trong khu v11c tam b~~ va c6 ·nin idnh te d~g len.
Ai ding bi€t rang, 3 th~p ky qua fJ{)ilg Nani Ad~QC .coi
Ia. khu vgc: kinh· t~· ning ·d¢.iig: iih[t, vai t6c d~ tang tr.ii&.ng d!n
~a~Jh_( fil§.Lnwel,!. nam. Trang so do, rlhutig n~n Jf·~~h ·te t6 ·
t6ng thn nM:p qu6c.Il¢i .(GDP) tang Jae:: tien .photlg nfur Han
Qu6c: hem IO Iau;Thai L~n:. 51~; }4aj~y§.ia: @lg..4 l~,o v: v.•••
'Thu rtMp blnh qu!n diiu ngtrCt.~ cu~ m9t. ·~15 quoc .gia. :va khu
v~c nhu.Ho~g K~~g,: s~~aJJJ<?f:~.-~~ ~~.~µ~~~~~--·~lJi.~_q!:!~n
cac_ nu(Jc G7 (H6ng Kong la 2lOQQ..·USD/ngumtnam;
286
287
 dua~g dtiu vot ·rihi~u- th.le;~ 'thde:'c(:,caJJefl:·t.rQ:Qg: .~a·;:~~°: .ng'oaf:
.n~n ·~inh. t! phU,t rihieu . .n~m J!~I\i ·d:o :~~{¢utig: cef.!1~rtg,-:~in.:riui:
..... ·~~~ nh~ daif:-tir ..nu6c:;n·go·fil.;~~.6.J~n{~·:;~{qtt¢c: •ta:;1:~it'~uySii:~
kJikh xuat ~du va gia"co~g~cchl··bil!h C:~o nU:&t::nge~i v.v... /.
Chfiih phu da gi!l cho-ty gja :d6ng:I:I9Lt~ khfr. 6n-dinh so voi ·'.
.. : "II ·. ;.·.· .: . . .~ • . ~ •• • . ... ' ... •• • • ••• . • • ~•
.SJ"~:P..(~:4o~g li:.~9..Q.Q~~~~ll~/!J.S..P.1~~ll.~Q~.l,\d~pyQg:liQ.ap.g-"x$1y.r:a
chung .ta bu?c priai ·dieu. cnln~ iy .giii: hol::~oai t-beo th\'. tnioog.:
(tlr 11,175 VND/USD trp:6c nam· 1998,Jen 11.SOO'VND/U.SD . .
.1."
v~o ngay Hi/d2/.1998:(tahg 5;6%) rol:lert 12:9~8' VND/USD .
. vao ngay~ 7i8/l998 <tang· 16,3% so .voi truce: ngay
1610211998), cho den nay d~ tanglen_':fo:rn ·1S.OO'O VND/USD.-
Do ph!i thanh toan theo. ty ghi hdi-doal'leo thang . n~-P"tcr cuoi
nam 1997 va nam 19'9.'8: cac don vi lcinh 'te· trong ritroc C:i~. phii
ch!u nhU:hg kho~n .16 khdng lo cho cac m6n vay tin d!Jn.g va
ban Ming ch~. tra. · ·
iam uing c:hi phf dau·v~o cua ilhleu don
'St,r thay. :d6i n'2,y
~ san x.uat - kinh doa~hJ''tr~~'g khi:dau.:ra klionglhay a6i (do
SU<: mua· h~n che) da i~m cho 'cac d~~Ulh·'·ngJli~~· trong nen
krnh te ihua Io
hang nghln;ty d6ng. KhOng·chi cq viy. he~t
. dqng x:uat, nh~p kh~u dia cht1IJ.g ta· ciing bi trl tr~ do ty gia I,'•
hoi doai tr~t1; .tni,truong khu Vttc>kh6~~ ?n dlrih~ J(tc riiUa CU a ·.
. dong trnn cac nuoc bi thay .d¢i m~nh l~tn cho thiroc 'do ·g~a tr!
. hang hoa trt.i'6'c d~y khcfng con thtiiet phQc' voi nhi~li'.khcich
hang., ·thii!u can:· c(t mua . ~~n tren thi th.tong .(thtiq:c <:k> n,gang.:
gia). DQgg that cac nuo~· rr:op.g k.111:ii .. VV:c: ph~ b~p .th~o gia
rihi~u ch4ng io.~ 'h,ru,:g h~a ·gi6ng n.~crc ta d~ ha n<;t, bu\?c
chung ta phai h~ gia. da .ciµlh trafth nen cnng gay nhieu thua .
thi~t cho hen ldaj! te.
VI dj,i ~im. ng~ch xJ.i.~l
--- ------------···
·--
khfo )!~: 1_~2~
·------- --·---·--:
-·----~-----
hAtl ll~b!'r khOng:.

283
 .:···:
.• . . ~· ::~ i '
• :~·.~··~ ••.• ·•....; .. : · •·.... i ..:::, • ··~ i·~i"~~ ..:~ r;~:-::~:·.· . . ~·~ ».·.
.. ; . -~·-... ~ ..... ~~·· ·· ·
· g;~$.Q._:v9.~.;-&~m>l:f)9{..,(t~g.) .9:%).: 'B.~y ta ;,5 f/ ~l~'i~n·':u~c ~i·?r
- ~i.h;~~~,;4,~~jf;. ~~~\'lili~.u:.·tt~P'fia:<t~:~ilieu{ n~m 'qi.nr (d.c n?.m
• • l '· .... '., • )' <'. • ' ' i' ·,; '' .;·,. I ' .·, 1 , ' •\

.
-~·1a~ ~:f:~:{FRn·. ~~--~~~J{~~~it¥,i~~~~;r~~fc~cJ~r ~~~rt ~:9_94::.t~?g
,'f.'o,'.-.=r,J,,~P,:J.,;.l~Q,~.);.~;t!g" .15/Jo/O~ )l.<ml 1$94'.··tang .-~5..'$-%;- 'J;l~!l1
lr:": ,1 ~ .1.:. r·, ... .:;,.~ ... ;:·~ ... £.......... .. •• .... • ,. '.. •
,.>.1,;i .lf;' ~.~o.i"".J.:..·~ •. ·· 1.~··:..-;~.,.:· ·:.;i.;:~. . .
-;f~P..~:~}4~4%.i'. :nam ··J~.9~~-J.[lig'.::3;4·;J2.%i~'~:µ,~:r;rr 7W9.1. i U\ng
:::y."·~.:;-..r•" 'i t0::£;;"f'J'.f;~' ..;t·;{:\:1':..·4~'::.1"~;;,'!· .-'\"""~.'.. , " .. ~ . . ' . .. . .. , ..
.,:,R1~ ;J.J.. . g.~W/~·f'A?:~g~.:isu.at:~~4-~WG4;q.,;ia=~.~~fM<?iP.P'9(:
:;a'~
''""""j~,,,1 . . . 'l:·r:ttr'nli~-'hii'irl1&£sa1i~!Chur1rJ>fojan·
~-,.~··,., ... I!- ............ to . ,..... °-· ... 'g\:ct111h
.·•.-;; ·. g_.ta
..
'c;-:•·:·'·:. .
y~i 1~1i1:Z42,.;.:tf~ti.li$,'Jli~firn,'.a.n S,r$ :¥~i-:naw, f296
·~r ,.,,~·J.';>t~· ., ....~::~i~';fi\i~,.:\~~~b:;.:i~~2;6~~}'U,$.:J)/pa,n:.·!po~pJigL .l:J~n
.if-qi;t,a~~f<gi~~'~fit tf&tt;tah1~-:n~rf·:~fir.n: t99.i~;IT.ia.c .du ,.ch!lng 1.a
i,J:~~~J~;k~~J~i,s';%·~o· ~Dl'•;t l99.~A~~$:~a·.tri :~l"·
· ·. ·· . KhJing h9!ng tai ~nrnri ti~r('t~ i&rr:iii.m.;t}ho'aau nrn_tr6c w

;~~::~:~~i.;~~;~~~'.~~~!2i~;~~?~·:~~'.;;r~n ~au
" ·. ,..,. ·'. :··Nru:'.r(t99.15:'.:t6.iigJso'.1.v6r{:<:tanr.r':kf oaff::i1.r.:1a:r8 :.:640 ·trieu

. *1 · · U.SD:·~1io.9:6.0~d.J!;,an. , . . r..-·.. •.. , . · . ·

:f( ·~t;;,@~~~;~~~·;~ ~o~~:~i~ki~4:,\~ I~ \ ~7 ·~~u

h·· _ ... -. .. ,.:::·~~'hi ~QDP'J~·~g';-s6>¥.ari·'.aa.·~g·k.f:dau.:tu ia .l':~OO ·rrt~u
,{: :UsD._cb'.~·234:ifii7:i& ., ·. . . .:" ,. . . .;· : ....... ··
.~ . ~~;~~'..'~;{~: ··;i?ni .ti:eu. .cqc'''iren day "lchon.g. :nhfrng aph
. ,r" ...

~~ . huClng tr~c tiep 4f5n aoi :s.6,n:g :'ldn\l. ~e '" xa h9~. nu6c ta tnrcrc
1."
pt:
µlat; ma ¢on deo· d~ii·g rriai n~_n krnh te tro~g tudng lai, ~hiit fa
1
{:_·_:.
.;~

( ?~
 gay .nen phftng kh6 khii~ tr• . itd9,riS.. kin11 :'t(d6i ·.
ngo~i. Truac· tlnh ~nh bt1~J~~-·,>·:.\:;:y::,:e~...,;8hlnh .P~il da .ph~ .'· ..
tri~n· °lchai th\fc· hi~n nhi~u bi~n phap "tmh "the, .trong: ·.:do ~~f'.. .....
nhung.-H~u:phiip :X9.~ .~ 6n &iv.Ji .kfo:h. t~:. xa-.b(!i. nhtr; 4t .giitn·. ·. .
chi tieu ngi:\n. ~ach baig"'.ciicif gtu ·i~ roo/o'" "n'g~. :s·i¢l!.,;-:<i:\l: .
phong; khoan chi ngall. sfi..C.h; 'theo ty ]~'thu ·c·uai:tia pliuaag;·~:-:~.-·~
· g!anHhui!,.:gi~a1. clia \1ay-V:8n '1)3,·suiig~ 116 trCi :thl~cliifih..cho ·
cac doarih nghi~p-.NhiiiliQ:~"'at·ran~s1tc:.:~h.:~h :cb:o -~~~--·--··.
doanh nghi~p nayi t6 chtk d6i, thq~i tr11c ti~p vOi cac ·nba::d~u: '.
trr d~ giai quyet· n:hiing vti¢ni: II1ic tt:oµg t~6 cpe qµan}y. 'aoil ·
gian hoa cac thu t\1¢. hanif chfiih theQ hu'6'Iig kliiiyen .khich cac
nha dilil tu, trong· d6-thu hut nhi~u hon··~'ic ~ha-·3~ri'ttr.~il1!6c
.ngoai. vao Vi~t Nam; h<Jn .che' n,h~p. kt+d~ kfo.1yi!n lchi:ch ~uat
kfo:iu - bang ca hlrth .thuc· Mµ- c;;h:iu_; .ban..d.6L~~~g: khuyen
khfch s.an xuat 'hang thay the nh~p kh&u, nqi dfa''ficia sari· ...
ph~m. kich cau:n_gidja,v.v,..,.
' D~ c® vat: ~~n kin'h te, Chl~h _ph:u .cac_,n.~ac - tr.orig· d6
co ca ~troc ta - da phcii ~ii d~ng hang'le~t c;hirih .sach c~p .b'ach
vc t-ai chfnh - ti~n t~ JiliU:: .b.uy: tl9~g f),gl!On tai chfoh tir ·b~n
ngoai, tang thue, tiet ~ki~m .chi. tieu: cua Ghirih ph~, n~rtg 1a.i ·
su!t tien vay, phat h:anh ti:~i' :phie;u, ,ban ·thao gi~ han~ ho~.
tang ctrbng xuat khilu, h~n che tih~p· khiitl v..v ... C1;1 th~ Ht
C.bfnh ·ph~ Dai Loan ph::ii fun 1'19i. each·-bao lf.l? .gia t'rflMt?g
ban t~: Chfoh pliii Han Quoc qu:Yet dinfi tang Iii suat. ti~n gi'ri, · J
ki~m ·soat 1~ pMi ch~t: ch~. gi~m chi 'ti~u- cia. Chfrih phit, ...
'Trurig Qu6c,, Han Qu6c, Thfil Lan' tfoh eve· buy d¢ng ngo~i t~
ttr ~rong nefi kinh 'i:e Ya. ·vay· nq nuci'C ilgoaf .ffli~I Jlli.ie~ lifoh
tbuc khac nhau.·nhtr: h:uy d¢ni vitng.:~a-1dm circtng trong. d~n
:va .d~ trii' aua Nb.a nuoc d~ d6i lay 'ng!>..~!i~~.:ffing ctrbng va~ ..,
Jiti&c; n~oa:i d~ Hfp, nhftng io h9ng.'thl cb_!nh nlit:r-. Ciilnli phu

290 ..
 I
I
t
Q'uac vay_ ~5 _tytISD, ~Ind:ol:!esia V.<!-Y...43 ty USD, Th~i 1.,an
H~n
1l
·I
. vay 17,2 ty:U:SD/MfirirM!6·~~~;p~i'.P~ rir·~hfnh. - tien t~·tren day
·I
dtrang nh.i.r fa, d~h Jng x~ '.aµang nhie.n :(rru\ng tfnh q1iy:.1u·~t)
i cua cac ni.rC:c):hi ';i::iy ra khUng· hoAng t~i chfn~ -. t~~~' t~ .
. ~~(:.:-. :·:r: i>1~~1 :~, • ~-r~ i.fl., fl·~1\/ · ·!;~!b~~{1 ·ij %.a-··~: ,_:~·ij ~. ·~?i~fa? ··T d-it~!:l-..;•
'~<' .·:':·,.~:;,~~l ·f~4.c,~~~9-~~A~~~~)lt9.~9.gJ~i. ,4~l~~~;.~r:i~µ_;:r~: tren day
,cung:·aa:1inli ·liTrai:ig"xau .d6n ~fo kin'h' Je· My ,..~-!Tr·~·rc~9r ldnh te
· the ..
gi6i'.--
..
va'o quy Ifnam .i.9 8. QuyI
. ......; ..• /.'., . ••:. '··::.:. \:}·
~ ;,...
.. nam:;l-99fLkinh
:.:;
.re
'
My 1:1"·.t:·;~h !f:! :~·,.-., '\.".i·>.t~~.:..-.1.\ ·~.~"'.'''i.

.. 4_arra·.fanPi'-ttirii·nc;}ft~Ban-'m __,,,..,,,:-·: · ·:nflii'ii.':';$anaf u' 1I da

·. '.·,;s~J~1ii'ihi7n~1ri~fil{t;i~gf.~:~ ";·>::~i: _,b, ; ,.~, ., ~'~~;,~l~~L;;K~~ y~u cua
tlnh rn~ngnay J·~ do Ic;ti· .rih~~n §ui ·9.09, t~.r..1 cip~n :1;::~11h te 10-n
.. ..,cfrn.:~¥.~¥~,~~;f;\R,li;~h';b ~tr~~iJ;i~lt~ftif~~~~.~~~ J¥Hfo1~n .t.rong·
qHY.i.1J· ::V~#t:-%.1.~ti;o'ilgi.q;i~y J~/l'9:?'s~t!h~b '.'.b:~o . ?~~.:_:q~x~~-. ro~.n rai
s:J11!f~,.i1~~~
... ' • • ' ·~·
l -~,,. - ........,;;...,
.na.,I}, i,~q
"'t'"''"' • ...... '"
·:?f.Jt5f199:$):iJ{h6.rrgFi::J1f-_:~9-~~~.);,
: .·•• ... • . • • • • •, .. " ' .. :.:.• ' •. ·.''." •
khung
·--.~~9Ml~;$~~ii~FA.£~l~i.·~~.µprig,' flill'ng· 1c.1tai1D:''.Rl1~:J~.Yes!;,~V t giam 1
, ......... t.:··• .,,. '3"·"-'g··1r · ·· '., ..... ·. • r.·' ...,,. ,,_.,, ...,.,_.. ""'l··'1 _.. ""' · • · h
·:~1~f!ir~MP:P./.
.~\•''•,
' \ f' •
.01 .J9.9.$·;/ta~:rr:mlli~a~1 ta(·'¢~:'nl1Jt;l;:g
·~ ~.':O;!j·I\•, ..... ~ "'•• ...... 4' ' •0.('"•'(\ J '~I;,,;..!, .-·~.
• '.'
;g1')n~
:~ •°1.•:
•
no tic • •'":(• I ..

ttf:Mu· narn, .C~l ,~9 Doi.\A:'.JCid~s'.~>gi'~m.",iypng pu·6'i

'!>

."l uy )f.~gc·.
:m crfi.s'.o.oQ. dier.n1 ...~.~J.~rrt,.t.O:n·g·~~; .tiiYor1::h9~'.:J?~¥:;N.:¥:$.E m~i di
. ::·:~gp?,~~r~tP~~1 ~~,~~ffe~~~2~~";€:~v!i~~,·,~:f~~~~a~~,~~?Jt~f.~g
·'-·T}la~Jg: 7/l9.~7);Y<H t.nvc .a.o:.:Ch.l,n.lt· ...
:u.dea.~ re . ~. <y:i;s~Jai11 g1
.c~ar{ ~rrcr( da SUt; .giam;~·s.a·~.:tn~nh,1Gt1ci.i.f:i~;;f.iltf:rih:,~ti, ~d~ kn~ng
,. . •·:iai;ii~Mi.f~ii.?ld'~~;l}lf~f'£i~>i~.:::~~i~~~~~;~~~~9:::~~~t'~ti..'i·lain gia1n
·p¢t di nhfrng m'i)nHi:a a :Clif ng'.an ·sach: v.: '."fl.,. .
:.>.' . ~;Tfzat_c?14:r..:ri~t!~.~r,i-'.J111'if~~'a.?~::i(~~~·;~~~~~~~-:~t·:.1 :v ~(c ·C/t4 l.I ci c!tT
·:.fanr."[iay)fic~ 'lif5'nr~'J1j'gil'Q.l.q _;c/to..)Jif,;,1nfqqg:'ct~iu·1iel: tti. dos~(
i~rd''i::MJ.ii! :;11ilr;~~~f.fii#.'.i.11:~t::;~~·-~1t~<,4Wfn.li-;phJi;;My ·rr,ong ii.11h
{wo'ng_ q.q,C: bNt Mit5_ ''kl!t;:~·::hii-j.i_A11f(r:!~if l1~y:i;(1'?· bfir "f·k~'ci 1
. !'· '~·'. •
"C:Ut1 'mi.nil •..
1
"I 'I "

•
iOH-HO°'c
4
.291
 '' ' . ..

·1'AI :LIE'TJ'THAMKHAO
• . • . ••••••• • ~.. • • >, . .... t

1. t)ang C¢ng san Yi~J .~Nam :. y.~ :;k!~ri P,l}l ~~9.l fJ~Lbi~u
:Ng!~:'::root;~
x. ·
Dan.a ··toan qul1c·litn·:tirtr NXB:iehfnn fri ·Qu()c gla, Ha
-·· ·-·,~· ·::;.,.. -~-:-:-· ..;:;.:.:,. ,.,c.~:.,_.· . : · · · ·
2. ·Dang 'C¢ng: ~a!l "Vi~iJ'fa~ :. V'Ai;i. ki~~·H¢i nghfli\ti: chtl' II .
. Ban ohap' b:anh.TfoQg·'trtriig(D'a~g::·kfio1f VIII ..:N,XB Chinh
. Lrj'Q~9c gi~.• Ji:a·:N¢t.:199Z. · .. .. , .·. ··'" ... , . _...,.. :•--··
3. .UY ban K€ hG>~ch. ;N,~a:. nµP'c '~ Phui:iitg: pnap :ph.an tich
·chinh :sach ki.nh·f~ti:a~g;non:g n:gf!i~p.:H'a·~~i .. J§J93. ·
4. PS.G~ TS~ N.gµ:y~rt ya:ri::B!c~::Ks:>Ch~ Ti~n Qti'ari~~'Chfnh
Sikh k~nh· te': v.a var. tf.0 cut:. DO d.<ii 'V6'f pb!ll tdin' kinh te
nqng .nghi~p, .· nong.. than Vi'~t Nam. N*B Chinn tri Quoc
gia, .Ha.-N¢i,', t'~-96. · ·; ·
-5. TS: Bo~J;J., Thi Thu Ha; <TS. N:gity~p: Thl. Ng~r;ic .Huyen -
Chfnli. sa.~h .kinh 'te~'x·~.,:ti9.L.;N)(B··I<h'Ga :hQc· ·va K)i:'thul!r,
mrNqi,_.1999. .•.
6. TS. Le·,~hi· ·M:ai - GhJ!'ih #ch \ a qti.•t trlnh chfrih :s&ch.
.
1

NXB ~h:inh tri.. .Quot gilfi;'H~-N<)i.;2000...

1: TS. L~ D~.~g.Do~hh~ rs. Nguy~n.Jv.!]µh. Tu.- _Ta~g trtrong
kinh .. te V.~i\Ghlnh sach ':xa hQ.i aV~¢.FNam. tro'ng qua trinh
ch.uy~n ·.d6i tt! nfuri I 99.t <.ten ..riiiy. Xtnh nghi¢in cu~ cac
nucrc ASEAN~ NXfl,Lao·rt911g.
·. .
2pci1.: ... -· '•

8. TS. Ng~y~n Hfru bung; TS. Tr~n Hnu."trung .~ Ve chfoh

:;ach giai quyet vi~c lam· a Vi~t N.am. NXB Chfnh tri
Quoc gia, Ha·Ni;fr,1997. ' ·· .·
. 9.. GS.TS. va Thj Ng'9c Phu~~ ~. 'f~n_g tf@ng_ 1~111,11 t~. COl1g

292
 , ~itng<~a,:h~Lv.a -van·.cte.:x.o.a. ~qi gi~::n.ghto ·a. Yi:et Nam .
.....NXB·
·. . . .
cil1n1iWFQtt6b
:· .. ". .•. '.'
~~fi~t~Ffa>Na·r··
b •• . : ..
'.fo99.i to T~hi;Wuan co 1... .. .·• ' . . . ~·:~· ..~· ..:

kinh te v.a cpng pB.ng.xa-h9i:"Nhij.t B.an .g~?J.i ·do~n~ ''(t~·ri kY"

.. v~ f'J~(N'~IDJr,J~Wi: ky .i'.:cl&.~ w.4f' .. NX:~,CIHnh}.:fri 9J:oc gia,
Ha N<,?~, 19.99. '"· .. . :·= ' . ; · .••( . ; .: ·· .

11... 8~!· ,T~_;t~?~g;f?:),J:h H,9:.w,~.~~ . T:~,~P tnr~ng ~i~h te~ cong ~bang
· xii.' ~9 i. v~. '"~:~~.:.~~:~·~a.;?P.i~:~gl1/ .P~~'~p J1· VJ~~ ~a;m: J~XB
Ch~nh rq .Quo~ g1a,.,ffaJ'Tc;l11.;I~~.6. ·
.......... ·...~.: ·~: ..:: ;'... {.· . .r~.:,.-~~>~~ . :;·:·. !_;" • ... .;.~..:. ~:~ ·:· ...
~. ··~ ...-~·l\t . • • • ,.

· :12.'.:9V\1h~ ~~¢1i:i.:!iµ~ (i"Q~f5,. 2000). ::f!iClt,1g .tiJ..1. chµy~n d~. Ha

· N"". ·'1996 ... "!'•· . .. . .
. :~,J\·,,' ;;:2~ ,.'};: ... . . . '
l ~·. eqs: TS,:"\l:.~)S:~T'Q .:~an·-J:::h~Y~9.-,de..~ '"XajtJi!fng va thvc rhi
· ·. ~~X.1~ :S:~sfoq?u&:: IT.~CU,~µ: J?.ot~dlf~p;gj,:tju·a~ ~tf .han,-h·:q~fnh
'. t~Jia n:ir6i ,.;·;pii.uiJ11e.·~-tr1nli chu:Y~11.:;vie11<6f1foh): ~I-:J..(:lc:vk,n
'. ''}t~.~i!i'~iii~ii·~-~6~·;,g:I( .J.ifti1:6i:,,2001.~ >;~;_;·:.. ·.. ... . .
.·:.•• q_ :.. .
·.~:=. : <.:::~ :~·-::~ :~.f..:·":< ~ ::~·;"·\ ,.'. ·: . ;: : .: ..: ..: . ~.~:~.-;.. . ;·\i· .·: ·---~~ ~:,· ·•. . .. . ;. . 'i .
.·t1i· ~T8~~7.f'.!;:j}li!nJ:i:~PA.n.:n ·~;;Ql:i!·n.IJ:,;$?c;h~'c;0;ng';c:::ua ·Hoa. Ky. J~X.B

1~,~~~f!#!,w:;,~;~~~~;:~:1ii'i;;,;,~: v!
I
·nn.h hlnh .pl1dt td~h Ihe..gi(t~ n~ti)·'t9.9"(·~:fi·a'.-'\'i/iFW·1 ~fXB
· ChfqhJ1;! .Qi.itf¢, :&i·~, -ffaJ;j9L,. l,9.9.8,.
.l . .
16. Rod•i1ey:.:Sn1.1t:lr :•111-d··Lex \.'lats.on •. Poll~k in Au.StruUa -
i
. uUen
.., .
& Unwfo 1.9.90·.
·'·:;("·.' .. ':·· .... :· ,.. ,_.' ... ' :
' .
.
i7. G. PA:Yis, J .. Wanria :,.. P.uhlic. ··pplfcy iq A:µstimlia - .Allens
·r·.· · &' DrnvTn; 199.3.. ., · .· ·
l 8.. Arnql:d; .J, Hei4enheJiner Comaprative Public policy ·-
ST. Martin's preS:!l. ~fo..,~ York, i.990 .
19. Jose-· P:leve.rfaa ~· Pu.bffc Administration. The Bu:;iness of
, G6\/erorn.~nt'; p. ·~I~tiarnil B~ok'Stai'.e,, T990..
L.
20.: 'Mi.i::h'ael ~o~yletr f M, Rame~h ~ St1.1clying public policy -
 vx.Iom., umversp.y !'"res;;, ..
l·~::;i::r

2 l. Carl v.. P~tton, ..David S. Sawicki - Basis' method of

Ana!y.;ing public poiicy and Elanning - 'Prentice Han
1993. .
'j.,. .
2i. lpqzy. W. ~.ingdem, Agen~?"S:- .A±tei:nati:'!~s:· .ans public·
p9f1~ies, - New York: Harper .coilfos caitegeJ:>ublics!Jers,
. ···.-'19'95 . . . : .. ' ~

23.- J~h~. .M. b~en - Pftigiam ,. Eyalu~twnf" Fotms and

Appro~ches - Xll~n &.Uhwiri, .19.93. -~..
24. ·David Ea&ti;m .: ·An AP.pi'.oacifr to ·An:alysls. of· Pdllt~cal
System -World.poiiuc,·9o:95?)j83 .... ·4tio: '
25. H.J. Aaron - "Sdcial Sectirity; int~tpational Comp~:rison'
in o. ,Eckstein .(ed), Stud-ies:.· i~. the Ecortoniics of:lnc6rri\:l :

Mainte~ance (Washington, PDC: Bt69kings ·:J,~tl'.ttit!'on, .f

l
·1967): 13-4.9:· P. Gutright';···i'fo]!cfa:l".str.uct~re, Bcdnqmic
Development, and Naiio'nai·Sec·u'rity Programs~. American Ii
I

J~j.tnal of Socipfogy "79~ _5 '{1Y65)~: 537:;.:55oi J1.L; Pi:yor,

Public Expenditures·irr C<:}l;rimunis.t and '.¢ap1'~B:list NtiJfons
(Home wood, IL: -R~D;:.Ir:WiQ.. :.w6s)':0 .fIJ~:. ~i1ensJty. The
Welfare. State and Equality:· St.rt!ctuf.al '.ilhs' .lcleologh~ai
Roots of .Public Expen~itures, ..(~~rkeley: Ut:liversi'ty of
Califoi;nia Press~:19.75). . ·· ·
..·
16.. Ea ward R. Tufte -~ ·Political C~tittol of the Economy
· (Printecon.
. NJ. Prillteton.U:n1versity·Press.
. . . .·
1918}.
27. Dye, Thomas· R. - Pol~iical Versus. t:conomiCs: :the
I
D.e~~l opmc nt qf the: ;Liter.?ttit~' on P,otfoy. Determi na(i on - . · 1

Policy Studies Journal "7 (1978). · · I

 t •.•

.... ,; . ... ' .

... : ... \:.-

· .
:.. ~) ~~;..~· .::. -~.:~ ... ) ~.; .~ ···~- . ;•

. . Trai:io-

~o·i n6i 'dau'. ·•: .. ~:~.~.:~,:~·.·.~-~~:r~:-~;~:;-;,_\;:.~ :_:.!'.·~,~~~-. ~;'.;,: ;~·,· ·: ;··; ............ ;
Chii'o1NJ:A.L·))f.fr~N~:IU-L0:C:ct'.SO~BA:N~:vf:.e:r#N~sAcH
. . . ··· ·· . . :cO:N.a ................_.·....... ;.. ;:.... ~:::-:~:;:·:f':~::.~ ............... s
1. K1~.11i~11~:~:n-~~~::1:r~h·~~:~~:~:~?:~::.:;,~ .. ~::-~:~~:.:_L:·?::: ..... :.. :...... ~
l ),..:S.1rJ011·:t~t0~µ~ 1:chi.nh·sa~h trong·:thtfc te ... :.............. , .. _,
1.:1•.q~~n,ni~m:~i~,~thfnb/saqh_i:;!5n.g,. .._..:.:.:·.,.... '.·:···'. ......... l'l
. 1.J•.l<hai"11J.~$fBilhl~~~i~n:~~:~:t.:·:'.:·:·.:::1:L.:~~':::~~~.:;; .~ ........ I4
.~~-::.·'!:t.~!~~!:t~~l;~~~·.:;~:.i:i·,~1r~;,~~::·-~; . :_, . . .
.~9ng"cg. ~1~mi.~'.~3,J:uJr.on.. qu.a.I},. y ...... ~·i·~.-·:·:·;····· ........ .
. 15
17
·2.
. .. ~ ", ~- _; '. .
0
:'. .:'. ::· <.."=· ·., ••:. ; ;. :·~: ·~· ,... '.~;/.,.:·. • •·~ :;;~:>-.:: :;. t~· ::1.~.r.~:.:·.
2.·1. 'T:~nh c(lng'.c\1' ~.µa.·t:.b-rnh'.:sach., ... ~..... :;: ....... ·:': :~ ...... ,.17
.. 2.:2~ T~.~K~~~E~~~~¥:~f!;fe~*:tt~.f~~~~ ~~~\{~~:':~': . .:. . ;~
.,Q:-.r3: Y~~ !trn_,;~rra:;:eon:g:'c~1'~hmh:;s.ach
' . ........ ::T···~····
,• .
.......... -1... \

:· . 3. ,c~fa~3~L~~f~h-;;~~.~n~·L;n;::·;'.:~::,:·:,··:'.·:;1:·:·~_:;r·:;:···:::,·: ...,.:········ 26
3, l;Bif~ca.p.:thiet:-P.h~fr.phanJo~i chfnh $a_ch ............ :.....•. 26
'. ·~·~ !~::•:,:•:.'.' .........•.,/: "-:~•· :"M·":::..:.~. •,' • • .',··I :·.., •
· -3.2·; ·Phan loai;:.ch1rth sach....•.. ,...••. ,.• ,.............. ;; .. ;.............. 2S
r ...... • .:., : ..... ·~·~\~ '.::,:-::..•"·.:' ~::-·,,. •:i. ~:·:·~.
· M.. "°:L '.• '·.: •• • .'~•'.< •, . ~0
4. · .Chu ·ti':p::ih,: ¢.h~·n!:rs:aqh .......... ,........r... ;~!''•":·····• .......... ~................ -
.·:·-",:-. "".;....... .. . . . ""O
4. C Kha1. n1en:r ................"····"'"" ;........... ,.,t~ .... ,.,............... ··.)
4.2~.....'ciie,:bu6~
... .
..tfb~i·... ·'r.:.hu·-~;l~J1;1:hr~h
. . ..
·:'.
s.a'~n:~··,··················· 30
·.-;. .

295
 ·.
._au hQt··
r· ' a
.. th•·a,0·1a .• n. chrrqng
. .. ..·1· ~··'-·······~-
. .
............................................ 33·

c111tdi'lg 2. B;o~cH.~J,NH.·caft:Ju:skcH:ceNG .. ~.,.:...... 34 ·~

i
l=. Khfii ni~m. vi trf•. ·f:~ihia;~~~a ho.~cq dfnh chf11fr sc.kh ;•. 34 ~··
~·. L'f~~i~m?m v~·~~1~i~i.~~· ·c~~~li·s~th....................... 3.~·. J:~'
_.2. V\ tn cua ho~ch·d~nh ·c.fiioh. ..s~c[l,.............................3() 'ff
~ .. ;. ' . ··:~: . . '· .. . . . ., ' !4~
1.3. Y f!gl11a ho1;1.ch d1.nh .c):Unh sa~h .: ............................. 36 . :ti~
~7 ~?i
,; " .. .. . . .. . . • •

2. Tieu ch~u~n ~ua ~(It ·C~~nh s~~~~~~.~·:··.~; .... :~·:····:; .. :-,·····•''·· 38 .. ""·
~.J. Chmh sachtot phat.huc:mg·tm-.ml}c ueu phat ,"'~
.. '

J
. •.1 ... . • •• .
·trten .chung
.. . .-...... ~.........................
.~
~ .. ;.; .... ~·-······•··············38 · '

2.2. c;hlnh s.achtot ph8.i·;t~o"ra d9ng l~c m~nh ......... ;..... 39 '
1.3. Chfnh s;i'ch tot.phai .ph.ii hgp v&i tlnh hlnh ih!fc
te..... :............................ ;.:~·--~; ...,.....................................41 ,.
:
. · 2.4. Chfnh sach tor ·.P.W.ai·co'.ttnh:·kha thi :cao .; ............... .4 I
2.5. Chfnh sacn. tq~ pfi~i.~am ·baQ :(fob 'll(Jp lf.. ·: ........... A2
2.6. Chfoh ·sach tot· pl}~tm;~rig l~titi~u quit cl:'i<rd&i
song xa h(ii ... ;·... ~.......·.. ,.................... ,..... :,·.c.•····.-:................... 4.3
3. 1'7hUng .can ct! d~ fy6~.ch d}nh·:_mQ.t.:chlhh Sllch· . :............. ~ .. 45
3.1. Ct):n CtI \i~d, otiiit.hu:ang..~h.frih (·1~Vcu.a·d~"ng dm
. ' .
q~yen .:.. ~ ............:.,. .. ". ~·······, ... ,., ............. :.r·•··. . . . . ;....:.... ~:.,. ....•. ,.: •.......
45
3 .2. Can. cu vao qnan di~m ph'dqrj~. t.u~ r,::liu the •........46
3 .3. Ciin ·cu·va nguyen uic h9~~h, d!nb cli~nh s~ch ......... .47 -~
3.4. Ch c(t v~o ning·ltfc t~t;rc:te: ~iia, :<l6i .u.rQrig tht.rc . '"j
,, ·".,.
thi chi.lilt sach ............. :........:...... .-.:....... ,....... .:•..•..•.....•. 48 'I

,..._ ...... ·'·h·tran"'··P

• · i an cffvao tin·
35 ... ·h·.·,ap.1·uat .....·~:..........:................
. . 4·9 . '·l
• - ·~ C?' " ..... · .
3.6. Can cu·vao ril6t trucrhg t6n-t~i cua c'hfnh sach
cong ;.... ~ .. ;;~~~; .. ~-:;;;~:~.::.~ .. ;:..... .,•:•;.:.: ... ~ .~................... .sr·
296
 . . .o eu'.t6'anti/Hir6na:d,en:h&~dh
4. Nhfrnay' . 0 .• drfitl'·cb:f~h;ach :'.::52 •·t • . • .• ., •

·4.1. Yf!u t{q~y~dJlfc ~ua .chU thf ,11c:~d~afbkc;hinh . ·

sa:C-h ..:~~~i~~:~. ·:Lit~; :~1;:;:~'.. ~ ·.:~~i·~:;;..:r. . :.i. ~ . ::~:_.~:.··~:. ~~!~~~;.~ ...................... 53
.4.21 Y,.eu ~9.ii:ang ltff:1.~µa:~~hu;t1l~: hQ~cl:fd.fnlr:cJrrnh .
··.t..
,~ · · ~~ch .... :·:.::~:·~ ;·.~::~;;:.:"}.i'.'.fhfr~~~· ~;~::~ ·,~F·1·:~:·:..+.:··~·:.-·r·:· ·:·~ ... ;. ~~

l 4.3.
. .
Y...~q t6tieFfl ~.~~~.cua::J.)l'Ji:,a)}J:fp,c, .•• ,,.,.~.:!-.'..·;:'.;(:'. ..............
~."' . . . .- ·.• ... •·:~ ..·/1 ··r ·,~l"'.::r.i::<··~~·\~;-i:.!~:·~.~f;":'~ ·.l.,... ~ L ·· ·: ··::. ·. .-.;•.
4A. Ye1,1 !o tiem.hic c.ua'·.aoi: tuaiig··thuc rhLchfnh ·
.
:"/)

.,,.
r.ti'.:~~·~ ·~~'J;~~:1;:.:::·~~;[i:~·~:~~~-~·~::~.:·:~t;;;~1~~~:~~:;~:.:.:~:~: :~~~\· ••~. •••••
Ca.c·bucrc hoach' ctirih''ohlnh sach .....,...... :...........,.......... s r
j:
s.1. Neu l9;·~r~ h·;~~~-~:inh .~,~(~.l!.$~~h.: .. :··. . ·:.·::·:,:;;: ... ,...... sR
s.2. xa): ~~J.~i;.~~:·lhi~:~i.s:·:p·\;gg,~~:~.~;c.h~;h· ~,a~h ......... 59
~:::· ~~fj;~~;~~~!~~r!l~~!i1t:'.::::;~'.:::::::~::::'.'
ss.·Tl1&1~:cfirih ~1;~~01i~
an:.ri1iri1i:5·a.(;h ................... i~;:·~;: 61
:~.;~;:;.~~\ .;1:7:~·{~ f ,:.,12:..;;:,Y.; ··~··::;;~ ..:t~.::\:..:;7:.1 'i·:·i;•'.•/ ,y:;.!:..,,'?-.:t!.;ii~A~:·f· 1•• ~·· ::.:. • : •

5;6', . Q~i\i~r:.n~hi :b.hn h~~nfr clifnh sii~ii·~~$f~;~·.·: ..,..., .. ,.... ,... 63

·{ .·~;; t~t~~~i:~~~:;~~'.;:-~:'.:::~';;:~:'.:~:.::::;::::·:
clrnh·
6.J.· Neu· 1y:i:i0 fa:i~ch (::.l~rifi~:sadi.... ~ .. :.... ~·:··~ .......... 65
.6.:L C~J1 "c:t.)··h.o<tr:h -·~tinh ~hfnh ·sath................................ 66
63 M . . \;rfri '. ; .h . : . , '7
•6Ai
· .... ::c,.~~~~
J~1itn
·c_ : . s~c:·'··.~··:···· .. -· ..;:·•···:··· .. ··; .. ·· ..........
phap cµa;chuih.s,acb, .,............ ............... ,....... 68
n . ,., ·..,., .. ". ..

~
, .
0
1

:..:.;. :. -.:·~·.;,; ·..:J· ,.. ;~~:.·'"'; ·:~·;!.";~·: :\'!: :~.~: . ."'· ::·;• :··\' '; ... . ·.. •. .• .•
6;5: Th~1"11~\.duy,:tficll'fnh:.~#h ......,......:.... ,.,,. .. ,..,., ...... 69
7... PLtticr~~ ph~i:diJ~~h'.df~h·.~hi~h.~~a¢11 .... ~ .. ,. ~·····,·•·~-_-.'...... 70
7j. Hqf!:ch -ctin:h\::iirn.h<~aeh '.~}J~2'.'.pl1itd~g pl~ap tien
. ho.c( ...............,........ ;, ...·:~·~~·:·''·'"·~·'.'"'""···•··•·····r·· .. ··· .. ······ 70
7.2. °f'lJU'.ung P.h~p: ho~dHlfrih ~hfnh sach d¢.c I~p .......... 72
...,,.,.,
 7.3. Ho.~ch djnh,cffi.nb: sach theb;phu~ng:·p~ap h6n .
hQp,. ................. Ill••~• ••!i"";•!f'l.•i•,• •~ •~ •·•• •••t ••••••••.•• ..•••~•!"•·•"'••••.. •• •• ".,•r••74'
Cau hoi thao !u~ chuang z.~·............:.........•....•..................•..'7'$
Cllucrng.3_..1;P.,.C.~Q:~ JJ:UlQiijI. CF.I'.tN:H 'SACH. ·
CONG .......... ~·~·······:.::::::~::~:::.::~:: .... ::·........... 76
.
l, YHr~Jl}gh.i<1. ~~~tJ;i,,:i,rc_thl ~bJub.~~'C;ll;co11g ....:'.······"·•··· 7§
V'l',. •
. . huc:
l .'1 :·r;..ua-r:n1e-m·t :t.• .:~·::h'.:, 'h
. . tul"Curn ·Sae ,;,·.-,,..·~·;;·
'.
. . 76
.. ..-"' .................. .
i.2. Vi td. cua· tbi:fC. thi chJPb:s~th ·······:·;·..... ~ ... "' ........... .77
,
-- f .:-
I
I ~
1.3. y nghia cua th#cthtchfob s·ach .. :..................... ~.--~.77
I
2. Cac buoc tdchtk tlivc'thi :ch!n~ sfich.:: ... ,,,~ .•.. ~ ........... AH l
2. l. Xi\y d\Tng l<.e ho~ch·.fri~n kh'l;i .thtjc'hi¢n chfnh
sa.cb ....................................... ~~ .. ~ .................................,..'82 l
2.2. Pho bien, tuyen w1y~n .~h!r¥sac'ti........................ ~.83 i.
2.3. Phan c6ng, ph.6i
. '" .. , ' ·.i·:·. ' .
h®
th\fdij~n cliiilh .sacn,;............ 84
. . . .·
I
2.4. Duy ti:1 chmh sach ...••:.... ;........................... ~ ... ~ ....... ;85
2.5. Dieu chinh.chtrih s~$h: ...~.... ,........... :........................ 87
2.6. Theo doii :.k'.Mm..tr,ai ·d.6rr. ·!6.c vi~c'tbgc hi~n
·chfnh sach ....... ~ ........ :..... ,.~ .....~......................... ~·........ 88
. I l

2. 7. Danh gia; tong ket rdtkfoh n.ghi~m: .• :: ....: .............. 89

3. Cac yeu t6 anh httong.cie"n t.6·chU:c U1\rt thi chfnli
sach .......:..................................... :................................. ·, 90
3:1. Yeu to'khach quan •........• .', .....................·•.... ~ .......... 91 l
.,;,,
..
3.2. y eu t6 chu. quan ~·······'.·; .. :: ..... ;... '. .............. ,...~.... ,..... 94 r·
!·.,~..
\
.; " , . .,. .,: .. 1.:t.' L \.'' ·t..-"i,.
.~· l~·ho·rrg y~-u c~u ccr ball·. u-~l :vv1· -tO. ·c.1.-µ-c. t,~-~~ -r,·~t··~o.~a,·,,.
, ' 90 ..
sach .................... ... !' .. ot~·:·... ·-:•!''"·:··~···· ...... ·"·· ··········~········ ........": ··· .. .. o
4-. l. Yeu c£u thtJc. b}~~ nivc tieu.. :.-.:.:~;~:~:.::::.·.;~ ..... ~ ..... ~ .. 98

298
 4.2: Yeu c~u ·d'am Mo. tfnh Mt~ong ......................•...:.. 99
. 9::~· X~µ :t;au, g~C: ~()'. .q.uan\rina ·1t1.r¢!?:-phai :.a~in !Jao
. tfn~F~h:q~, ~<;JR'. ,hQRAf~¥g;pfotJi.'JJ~.~r.ori~. ch I.Tc to.
th!fC tht' :chin?.jfi%~;~$~~~~qW~t·r·:.:···::·r::.·.~:r.·.~~.-.-·········.'J 00
4.4. Yeu cau~ilm'baoJaLfoh,fuat:-sU:cho<cac~doi
. ~;§.?~·tn:~:·i1~~~~:~:~~~;~:;.:;{;}~;:;;:~;;;;;_:~:.:1 ;;;:i'.;~·;t. ~··········· Io 1
s.. :cac
.
hfol'ctht!c.fn:~ifkhaLthuc~hi~nJ.~h·r.n:h ,~~ch ............ 102
... /. . . . ~ :~:!f~~1:~-:P.rr;·r~ .;f~:Jn:fF~·! ~\'~!ti n:1:~;~·;,:. "~;:k ... ·~ · · ··
5.1.:HlnJl'thU'q':fI#.rc'''
...;·.:~.: :.. :·;{ ..i·, •. 1.~, :>~"/·"~ :.~·
•'ti!Jc~~-X.:µR~g,.',·+
·. ;)J;~;.:· B:ff·~):) .~r~ .. :... ._., ·'
..···········"···· 102
s:2. Hln;w·tfilt.G'Yfil!c'lii t\r atioi.J.en· .............,.............. 104
.., . ,··:.f::\·:~j"·i;..;.f'..:.:>:~S::···::~.>:.h~t. .~:t°i .) ..."·"t-Y· :.. ! .·.··:" .,
5~.:i-; Fh:µh JQ:)Jc· hqn l::lgp ........:.,........,•., ... ,.:···:··~:,··········· l 06
·• :.::-1:·~.·~ !~·~..1 :.·r.'·ii-~'.\· ..:: ~(~ .".· ·:· .. ;- ... ·;::. :: . f ,\.. ... t'

6.. ·Cac·m<Hifoh t¢.i::lil'.rc'i:li1/'2 ~h:i· chfi:ill s~cl\.~b.b..g ..•....•.... 107

&I )N.£6 hlB.~"d¢Hg.~.: ..... :~.';'.;~:~.';~~,~: .. ::.:.:~.~~·········: ........ l 07
.6;2 .. MoJ1lnh·cfoh ..... ::::'.... :....::.. :~:.: .. :·: .. ~.·.-.~ .................. 1'09·
""' . .... . .... . ·...• .· •. .:j; :::.: / ,f •~:t ..!.. . :. 1 ..
6.~ ..
h!f:o hmh ke! hero........................... :......•.........•........ 1 • 1
:. · •.~~ , ., "... ..~'"·.~i·f ·~/i•;{. ( ':'.;_''.·:~. / ··.: :. • I ,

7. Phu:o:ng phap·~hifq'thi ·Clif~K.~~~h)~,9PK:; ..',,,.....,............ J: 12

• • ' -.r~.:-.-....~: :,./.._,./';
.. ,.,, • ',' • •. • ··A- ':t
•O" • 1 ",; 0 ..

. 7.1. Phu;qng pli!ip. kinh.t!!•··· ..."~--~········~:: ....... ,............,.. IL

·1;;i~·iPh:~it¢g; :~ti~€'~~tia :~-~~_::t~~~!#LR·~~~~~·'..~,:.~,:·~. ~.: i 13 :. ...........
,. 7.3: Pl~t;O'.rfg~l{a:fi:li~rth:.t;hWih''~"-·:~·:~:~::·:-....::. .'.:;....,..... ,.. :········ 1i 4
·i.
.,
Ph~oiriP.Jittp.:iit't~~:-~~~ ~i:'.}~;!:'~'.:.:\'~'..:.:.';.:~;::~~
7A. 114 .... ...........
C~µ.hoj·,tMo'.•li.{~ci;;:~htro:ng;··3~1;;::.•.•:·~:~.:.. :Y!:'...::·..\::-:.~·············
., .. 11s

·Cli,ro11g4. NHOl\IG.V~~N:~~·C.0.~A~:l..VE.J.~-iAN
"1'fCH
. .. : sAcfi'.~:·::
ci-Ifl\!1I '. 'J.:;-;: ..... ...:. :.~~·: .. .~'.'.......
. . ,. .............
' 116 ·.~ ~

1. S1..1" c~n tMet .phM phan tfch ;¢I~ph s.a,.cit·.i·:·.~, ..,., ............... .1.16
1. 1.• P··1.r , ·: ,'·1~
· •· ...t1~n
:i.an. .. iki:!leni k" >-· ·
::.. ·6:i~·cu .qua t•foh quan
_,l~Pl, ,.~ .... ·/· ~ ,i'!-.. : .....-. . . . ..
' '· lf... :.....,..,... ::.. ~ .........~.:·:; .. ,:~~-·····"····~·: ..,...... i.''~', •• :••.••• 116
Li. LY...do phan :tfch cnrBH·.:s·~2it,..~'....~~.-•i:~·:·!·············". l 17
~·-. •' . • .:, . '~:'1 . ' , .... I•':'," ' . ". ~

299
 .. ' . . . .

2~ ChU'ctia_ngJj~~Jf.qh ~hin:hs~foh.~ .•. ;......-. .................. ,. 121 . "

2.1. ¢~!Ic: ~~ng i46~~:'.iin;;;;.~·········........ :....................... 121
2 ·-·
?Ch~,.,.··_:·t· .. · ..:.J:·;.·:.·1·· ... :.... , ·.,...
... c·_n;in,g-'·-~0;·~9.ng··
.. .
·gc·,
.
...............................
.. '
. 1·22.
,............ · ·
2.3,:Ght!c'nang:kiem s:aat'. ................. :........................... 124 .
3. .l~h-i~mNJJ.J>MII: r:ftlf;_~·~h:;:siah,,~ ..L ...:...... ~....,........ .,.. 124 ·· :,:.·"'
3.1' .Xafdt1ng rc~{ho~~.h"phffn f!ch, ... :~ ............ ~ ............. 124
3.2: To ·chl!c.c0rigJit~:.Phiri :dch. chinh :S~ch ................. 125
3.3. Ki~tn rra; ,d6n :Je;~·guftrlrih ·p'hin ttc·h ;.................. I '27
4. Yeu ca~ phan deli chrnh sach ........ ~ .... ~.,.,.:.~................. 1.28
4.1. Yeu c~u. (oali:di~ntt.ong ·p~A.n::tJclt~~.foh sacfi ...... 128 .
4.2 . Ye'u cau thtrorig iuyen .~ .............:...... ;............ :........ 129
4.3. Yeu' c~u sat".tht.rt .•. :.................,.:..••....• ~: ................ 129
4.4. Yeu·:cau ·dang.&¢ •..;....... .'...... ~:••... ~:~., ..................... 1.30
e Y
4..... ' . z·og1c·
·eu.-c:-a:u: . ·· . ·~f····
... . . .."'.:,............................................... .).
. I "''I
s. C<tc yev: to .arth 'hu'cr11g,:den:;phan rich chinh sa~h ......... i 31
~ 1 v ·' ·' h~ .h :tr1
.l • • ,eut.oi::: in
· • ...........................................................
. . I·.,., 1
5.2. Yeu·to ldnh t€ - x~ hqi .............. ,.'......... ;.... ,........... 132
53. Yeu to naiig. li;rc 1 ·t:rlnh d9: clia chu th~ ppan tfch ... 133
5.4. Ycu t.Q..quan h~ qti6c.te;.; .. •········•·····~····· .......:.... :... 133
I ., ·• • It-

. 6. Ngµye_n::tac ph!in rrch; •...~ ...,............................:........... 134

" ' -~ .. . . . . ....... . ,. 1 ':\.:;
6.1. l\fguye:n.ta:c tn~'.tle.u ............ ,_,,.,,,"; ....... ,...................-;;-••
6.2. Nguy~n tic :6cjP:1y-.;.~ .... '..'. ....... ;'........:.......... ,.......... l38
6.3. Nguy~flt~c thrd1 fulg; ........ ;..,................. ~ ............... 1~1 .
6.4. Nguyen· tic·phoihgp~: ....... ~ ..........:,...................... 142
' J- .' ,,,.. : : .. • .. :: • '>~ .. "
. 6~.5.Nguyen-ta.c;Mmqua:,..-d.-.-.~.;;;:r•~";;:;;~;.~~.~;~;~ ••• ~~••••.~ •••• 143
. . .
6.6. Nguyen-tAc-chirih tr! fro.ng phitn dch-chinh .s:ii'ch ...143
3Q(}
 7. Quy tr1nh ppan 'tf.ch chi";:i.lr:'s?.c.h.:~~:.:;~.:.. ··••· ................ :.:l ~4·
,;:·
7,.1. Xac: fl!nh rri~c ~1ch.·yeu ;cau pha,ri tfoh ~thfiih
5,~Gh_,,:····:··•::."···~·:···~":·;··:"_...::;:~:.,;/~i::"·::~~;.';~,;·............ 1~~ .
.. 'i

7.~ . . qw.an;i\).J;;Ghp.;G.on,g;.'~~P-'P,llf!.P:·;.:tic_h:;.,.~ •......~:: ........... 1 :i i.

1.~. -i;~,~p.;h:~4~},: ~tr~?~·~fsr~\~h~~~'!:~~¢.h.,··+::· ..~·:~-·:···········;.... : 4~

'!
.. 7.A··.$1:r,:dyngk~t qua·.pha:n t1ch ..••..•• ;..........;.~'..::;·.~ ..:......... 1 ~-
:~~u
.• ..
h'Oi rhao.H:i~n··cli,~arig
' ' ' •.• - ' '
4 ..• ;:·:::,.i···;,::,'.:
• • ~ , .· ~'·
.!
.. , .... ~.... :.·i···· ..··.··; ....... : J53

(jJr1to{1gS. 'NQlDUNG':PHAJ'i·Fdcll:c.ifiNE::sAck.... ;.. l 54

:....; . .. .:... :~ ~\{~f~t:.. ;: :: ;.: ,:,!:·~: ·'. ... .. "
l. Phan .tft.:h Om J<,i~m, Ji:ra chgn Vi!ii de ·chfnh sach ......... 154
11.., : )'ri:·h': ............y~:va:n.~1e
;).' a~mi;m :: : •. '4·"''••h'''h"'":T'. .
c Jn: ·sac.fo .•\:. ••... ,.............. ;. 1i ~Sd..•
· 1..2. ·:Phan tlch;q,gqon g6c- va'.n-rte:.~Wrhli'.i:\1~1~".:;;~"·· .......... ·i .5 s
1.3'. tlm'.19lm.·:!'-'Efr,!-4~::e;hfrih $,4.l:ih :qµa.~c!'M ttu:µg·:cua

2,. '~~~~~~i~t~t;:i~~i:~~!:~:'~::-;:-~::,:··:·:: :
,2.-J. PMn tfch tfi:ih:-t·hf.!i <·a n<\n·hanh~difrih;.sac;h ........... J58
:.7-2:: Ph:a~ :r£~.~.;~:~~x:.:~rl~l1)ms&Y:;~!Bh,,~~iiih~·~i.~.i\-·:.-:.·:··.;· 159
2.3. Phan· rich cik· veil.to ari:fr hlion·g i:len hoach 1Jinh
· dHfrih ~~ch.~~:.,.~.;'. . :~: ... :~..•: .. ~~:::.:...:.. .'.'..'...;,~. · .-. . ~....... 16 J
:3. PiiM tt~h t1n!r~J;~.:tir1~:p. ~l~.~·c~f~li s.~ph ....~-·~:: .. ··: ........ 161
3.1_. Ph~n tfch t!nl) ·h~· Hiqng';cH~~:i?\l~ . ti~~ 'ch1).1h sach .
cong ............................. :;~ .. ;~;.;.,~:-.~~.:.'.~.:.:',::';... :~ ....~.....~ ... I62
3,'.Z.:.Pb.~~·tkt;:·friiir 1)~'. th6h·i/duf!.bi'~ri phip;,:~frf~h·
sach ................. ·:· ,~........;................................ ., ........... )63
3.~l.. Phan tfch-t~~h h~ ihong-,c~a .chfnh ·sach voi cac
~o'··ncr
\.. p·cu··qu'·
~ ·1<-·· .-. • ..·;................................
~.n.yv1.mo · ,.......... 1J 6"".::i

30!
 . " . .. ,.: ... .. ::: ··.::·7
'T. s. uau U'-U l.lUU 1lllJ.U.~J.tt.O:·Kna.J:Ci11IC. ll1eri.Cllln.ll.S.ii.:ch'~~ .. 104,.

4.: 1. Phan .h;~ch ~tri~n kh;L. ... :.~....... ~:.....•.:~ ...... J 64.
tfch-:kt
42 Ph" h.. ,.h.·.:..td~. -:. . · .. .; 1 ~·h. . .
t'
· . • . ·an ic <cac 0.~ ·· i.,ing tt1~n ·1.1.: Lal .................. ;...... 1·:55··
· ··
,.. . .... .'; : .~·~. . . .
-5. Phan .~1ch d.q.y tn .c}?:µih: ~~9li..; .................................. .-: ..167
.

· 5. ~- ·~:~ ~~mt.:;::·.··:+~ ~ .... ............,. .

_..:.~:···:··············· 167 .
5.2. Die1:1· k1~n ·duy tr1 ••••• ~·... ~-...........................;............... l67
...·. 5.3~ Phan tfoh ho~'.d¢hg'.d~i,_tx;l.9b:I:{lli;,~?:s;b................... 169
6. Phan tfoh. hi~u quithvd"t~i'.tlifuh,s~~4 .(d'inh ghl
• h • 'h) ... ··: . . 171
0 hin sac .... :.._.!r••·~·-······~-~ ............~.:or,,, .....; ......:••.~·····.········ . . •.....
'!' . . . . ·'.

· 6.1. Phan rfeh k~t qua

ch~ng., ....... ;.,;•... :;.~:.................. l71
6.2. Phan;. ti'ch r.ihiillg,:an.fr'.htrcttlg:.cila::Chfnfr s'ach ...... ;... 172
Cau hoi thaolu~n chtro,ng 5.~,.......... ,....... ,; ............:..... ,.....,.17~

Clnrmzg 6. CAC ~HUCfN<l:pHA:p·;p:EfA?rtfCH CHINH.

• . -
SACH CONG.:: ...... ,.................._. ........................ ;..,. t: 74
1. y nghia cua vi~c lf!a 'ch9n.·cac pbtrcttig. plifip phart
tfch ................................... ······•·····:....... ,........................ ,. 114
2. CC1 sa khoa h~ic cua cac···phtrm{g phip·phfui tfch ·····~···.175 r
·2.1. CcrscrJJhtrmig··pha1:{Iu~n ........... :....:.. :;·......... ,_. .., ..... 175
2.2. Ti.r du.y khoa h<}C~···f··•····•··•·:.~ ........ ~ ..........,•••....•. ~··· 177
3. Can. ell' lira c~Q.n phwng~pha'.p: p.IHln ticb: ....................'·118·
3.l: ca.n' cii~ao mij.c·dfqh..ctia t~ng lo~i h~~t:d{lng,
phan tich...~:·~·················................... ~... ,................:.•...... 178
3. 2. Can cu vao :qua ttirih: chlrih.sach ••••••.. :•••••.•. ~ ••• ~.~.:.1so i .
4. M¢t sophudn3ph~p:phAn tfoh ............ ~···"·~..... ~ .•.. ;.:.:.182.
4.1. Ph.tt~g ,Phiip P~.ii.n. ~~~h.rt~eo ~6 -~~~~ ~.:.::··::·~:·;·.•.••;. l$2

- . . ·- ~ ... . .
. :.-~:
302
.
rI
3.0~
 1 • . .
..
. .:

Ciurdng-8. T'.6 GHIJ:G.CONG'TAC-:PHA1~f"Tfc·H

CHfNH~SACH...:::.:~:~~:••. :~~·~.:~~-~ .. ;.~;....~ .. ;........ ·24-1
1. Xac i:llnh.~ciir!'ibe:piliri,rrd1~&ffi~-~:~2h~ .............:.. ~ ..... :241 .
1.1; Quan ni~m . vich'~ fh~ pha~··r:lth ...... :... ~ ..:.'............ 2"4 !
·r:i.
i .2. <;Ji.~_!!?. §.~1'!!~1! .t£~.1~ .!}J~rtt~:~iJ:!!!icL:.. ~.... ~ .. .-..•~~;, .: .....•.2 42
... - - · ·.. - - - · --- ......; :·· w'. ._::·· ~ ..... "' • . •• . .•

1.3. Chu the phan lfclf1~ ca:¢Jo cbi(c· ca 'tthM rton·g

\::
•:;
x~ Mi · . · ~.:....
a - . •........................ . · .-< . , .................
. ; ,~., ................. . · . 243
2. T6 ch<rc h¢th€ng.phan t1th ~h~nh:s~ch .;;~ . ."...... :......... 246
2~ 1. Slf c&n thief l?hal hlnh :iharth h~ thofi.g pha~ tfch
ch(nh° sac~1 ........... ~..;........ .:.. ;... ;: ... ~.~-·'"·.--··· ........... :... 246
2.2. Gic yeu t6 .cau, r.hifnh ·h~ thong phan tlch .chfnh
~;ac·h ......•.·.....'. •.....••.. ·......................................... ~ ..........247
. 2.3. Ii~·.lh6ng phun,-.tfdi chinh siich :qhrnh rht!c, ........... 250
2.4. H¢':Ch9ng phan.t·fch ·ch'fnh.sa~h phi,'ehr11I1. thuc ....... 257
2.5. Quan h~ gii:ra:cac h~ ih6n.g phin tfch d1frth sach
co n·g'.. ,••. ~~·..... :.... ,.."...·.•.. .,. ••. ,......... ;~:........ :..........."... :..............260
3. TS chi!c nhan st{ phan L!th-:ch!nh sac~.....:..,.. :... ! ...: ....... 265 ..-
3.1. Tihh. chuyer:i' 11gh"i~p':ttong:ho.'!-t.: .dqng philn tfch
chinh siic.h .......... ,.....·~,,. ...........; ...••... :..................... 165.
3;2. Tieu chuii'.n nhiln: $J! fa~ pha-n fith chfnh s~ch :.....267
3-.3, T6 chfrc .nI:ian~1rpt1ii,n
. i:kh ch.i:D.lt~ach....... ;.:.......... 268.
.
~
·,~
! l

3.4.. Ph~l tti~rHigb,~ri ·~.h.~ s.tj'lan{phan 'tfch chirih

si1ch ....• :.......... ,......::~ .... ~............ :~:~~ .......................... 272
·4. To .ch~c 1h0ng tin ph~~ ~:tdi·chfnh s.a:cli.... :................. 272 ' .
4. I. Vai tro <;qa~.th:cingiln,;phuatig.~~&~p. ihii rllA,p .
th6ng tin:trtin~·ph}til.·rtch•chlnh~~iich •. ~·;~.: .. 7.... : •••••• 212
4.2. Cac fo;;ti thong dn ctin cho p~_An·:~~h ~hfnh sach ... 273
-------------·--- --- - -- -. .
-~ . .
--~~
 '.
. ..,·.:. .
!•

~-\_, . ·."..... ·..... •,' :i . ··~;:, ;... ·. ~·.

;··~:;.:
,
. . .
. .J '.': ·;::,>.'f 4.3::_:Ye.~sa~4?,'.i'voi IhcV1 g f~n~s.~ dlfn.g cho qua trlnh ....
·, J·. .::-:;:-<:·..-:.'<. ·;.Pha:1i rfel:i cI;ifoJi:·:;.ac:,h -.-.·•.-...~ .• :.~:;.: .• :..-....• :.~- ..~;~.: ........ ~. 21
1

·. ·{<,2;\jt~!!~·~it:~~i~!i;~;:.?.~~~~;:~~;:~;~·.;,,~~-:.·:
~... ·I '. ' .. .' ·5,_ · 16 Ch".CfC !tang chi'ec·.bi ky thu~t cho phan tfch chfoh
r . sa'ch ~ .. ~:~·.... :..... :-. ......:........ ,~ ........... :.........:..................... 27
f '. · 5.l. C~·Gy'~u 16 cau'..thanh t~~I)g r~'ier·bi"ky ~hu~t ......... 27

"· t,; ·l'\•:_.•_.:;~:i~~.~;;~a-~-~"~::~'jl;;,~:t~'.;~:~:~~t'.r~-h-··· ~:

,. ... !' ..· •::.~ .. · .:i.. ;J,.~:u~n,ly ~u \dw1g trn.n;:;.Jl11c1
:. ·:;.t· .. ! ~ ·_.~.
..... ~
•. . . . . . ··:: :·.:· .: • • • :·;.: ,: .. • : ; ·. . . . •
b1 k.;.·d1t.1';'t..'. .................,
.. ~ .'··· " · .• • .•

)/l · ,6:.: ~~Y';<!~m~)1¢-zh~~g.;111~;C:h~·yc.Jih_~i·1J(i:;h~h'ftihs:!ch .... 2S

:::_,~:~ .: . . ·.: 6:-"i·. y&~ ·ti;J;.J·,~·e~~x&LliiE.~h~ phin::i·ioh.chinh siich

rj :· .•. ~..."." ·'.··<:·-~ ·~-·. . :·;~oI· :~gtJ.1;pr~ 1•·1:·: ~r-.J~ :~c;:.J'1.:e/ .:/3· ~u :~::
·~~~i· .r.: :.; '":1..,.;::> ;·':r··~- .. :::~·:··;:':".~"-. : . .
' . : :: : : : : : : : • : : : : ::: : : :~-;of')·.-
··'.;~· .' ."' .'.._. . }. ·{:f.3;: J.g!pfi',(~q ;~~tf4~fhg. Eh.e':Pi1e';~;,:.. :.:.::·._.'.. , •. ,...... .', ........ 28'.

~:~~·: .-:~. ~-~'.tS.~:/i:'.~ij~~~~?~~~ '.~!!-~f.~~-·g:_.;_~·::<~·:::_::·~·-;·?;::\:,::.;··~···; ............. 28:.

.:."Ir :· :. -?~{w~!}~(,~ T~~·!i. ~ll.?:t1J.~.1~-(r6c NGbAi \1~ M~T .. . . ,~...
...
1• cu . · · · · -·· ... · .· i·1 ~ ·~:
·:·."
.. •.f,.~. J
"-.1'.)UYET
~-
.. ~
D 1·Nllil C:'Lfl"'l.i"··s-
•.• J.-..: -~'{ ;..1;. "'? ·-~~~1··~·-;"·: ..... :··:···.... :.::~.. 7;· . :· .......... ~····~- ........... ..:...0 ....
•. "· .; ....-- .. .

......

.. .. .

r· ,
;
· · :f~l!
. ,:,"'···