1.

O2
1.0

E/V

0.5

H2O, H+, OH0.0

-0.5

H2
-1.0
0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

pH

Pourbaix Diagram of H2O

T = 298 K; p = 1 bar; p(O2, H2) = 1 bar

10.0

12.0

14.0

O2
O2
Al(OH) 3 , s
Al 2 O 3 n H 2 O

E/V

1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1.0
-1.2
-1.4
-1.6
-1.8
-2.0
-2.2
-2.4
-2.6

H2O, H+, OH-

H2

H2O, H+, OH-

H2

Al3+

Al(OH)4AlO2Al(s)

0.0

2.0

4.0 5.0 6.0

7.1 8.0

10.0

pH

Pourbaix Diagram of Al
a(dissolved Al species) = 10-6; T = 298 K; p = 1 bar; p(O2, H2) = 1 bar

12.0

14.0

1.5
O2

1.0
H2O, H+, OH-

0.5

CuO

E/V

Cu2+
Cu 2O

0.0

Cu(s)

-0.5

-1.0
0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

7.3 8.0

pH
Pourbaix-Diagram of Cu
a(dissolved Cu species) = 10-6; T = 298 K; p = 1 bar; p(O2, H2) = 1 bar

10.0

12.0

1.5

O2
1.0

Fe3+

E/V

0.5

H2O, H+, OH-

Fe2O3

0.0

Fe2+
-0.5

H2

Fe3O4

-1.0

Fe(s)

-1.5
0.0

4.0

8.0

pH

Pourbaix-Diagram of Fe
a(dissolved Fe species) = 10-6; T = 298 K; p = 1 bar; p(O2, H2) = 1 bar

12.0