midtUF f af

jehL

_is KlF thj

w Ma ifnaL
2011-2012

gF : 1
jiy:-

mKf kW g nehf g TWj.

nehf:

bgnwhf jfSF xUtiubahUt mKf brj

g nehf g mj.

jf FHijF vbdd uridf csd vW mabrj,

uridF vd vW mabrj.

njitahd bghUf:
fUgyif, rh, xnu glf cs mil 2br.
fhy ms : 30 lf
gahsUF y jftf :
bgnwhfSF gntW uridf csd. Mfnt mtfis kdL ngr
brh jf FHijf uridfSF fhz brhYj.
g bfhLF Kiw :

xnu gl cs uL milfis jahJ bgnwhiu vLf brhy

ntL.

ah Ut xnu glfis itJsdnuh mtf Utiu 3 l ngr

mtfhr mJ wF xUtiu g kbwhUtiu ngr brj.

nga mtfsJ FHijia idJ rnjhgl itF xU ff

kW tUjgl itF xU ff vJ? vW nfL ma brj.

2 l fJ xbthU bgnwhuhf vGJ mUYs eg FHij bga

kW renjhgl kW tUjgl itF f g brhy ntL.

Ma fUgyifia U thf J rnjhgl itF f xUwK,

tUjgl itF f kbwhU wK vGj ntL.

midJ bgnwhU brh Kojl Ma FHijfl cs ey

ffis vLJTw ntL. tUjgl ntoa ffis vthW
ifahs ntL. mt FHijf ewhf bragl vbdd g
Kiwfis ifahs ntL vgij TWtJjh g nehf vW
TWj.

(v.fh.)
k
brhtij ewhf Phgf itJ vnghJ
ntLkhdhY Ug TWwh.
2

tUj
jhdhf elf ayiy.

gF : 2
_is KlFthj - tiuaiw, fl Kiw kW tiff

jiy:nehf:

_isKlFthj g mabrj

fl Kiw g mabrj

_is KlFthj tiff g mabrj

_is KlFthjnjhL izJ fhzgL uridf g ma

brj

njitahd bghUf:
_is KlFthj ga gtgh FWjfL, rh
fhy ms :

45 lf

gahsUF y jftf :

bgnwhfSF tif bjthf sf ntL

mWit ir ahUF njitgL vd Tw ntL

bgnwhl cs _l eifia mfw ntL

bgnwhfis g bratahf kW crhfKlD gnff

brayh.

g bfhLF Kiw :
gt gh _y tFig elJj ililna bgnwhfSF VgL
rnjffis t brj. _is KlFthj vgJ jirfis fLgLJt
VgL uriddh cl mirfY (m) mk iyY VgL ukf.
Foe;ij gpwg;gjw;F Kd;Ngh (m) gpwe;j clNdh /gpwf;Fk;NghNjh Kjph;tilahj
%is gFjp ghjpg;gjdhy; if> fhy; ,af;fj;jpid fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; xU rpW gFjpahdJ
ghjpf;fg;gLtjhy; %is Klf;Fthjk; Vw;gLfpwJ. ,e;j epiyapdhy; jirj; jd;ikAk;
clypd; ,af;fKk; ghjpf;fpwJ.
ir Kiw:

%is Klf;Fthjj;jpid KY Fzg;gLj;j KbahJ. mtf ayhikia

g _y Fiwfyh.

vts Jjkhf Lj g bjhlfgLwnjh mts Jjkhf

FHij tsr Kndwk VgL.

typg;G>

Rthrf;

NfhshWfs;>

cstpay;

rhh;e;j

gpur;ridfSf;F

kUe;J

nfhLg;gjpd; %yk; Kd;Ndw;wk; fhzyhk;.

%is Klf;Fthjj;jpdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l rpy epiyfSf;F mWit rpfpr;irapd;

%ykhf jirapd; ,Wf;fj;jpidj; jsh;jjNth> ePsr; nra;aNth KbAk;.
3

fl Kiw

Mugfhy if, fhfis o xU bghUis thFj uk UF.

FHijF cz cQtJ, cRtJ fodkhf Ufyh

wJ 4/5 khj tiu jh myJ jijia ghJ fhk Ufyh

wJ 6 khjF wF jiy fhk Ufyh

if, fh jirf W fhzglyh

jir Wf mfkhfnth, Fiwthf Ufyh

vL khjtiu cj cfhuhk Ufyh

cl xU gf cs cWf kL afyh.

mkj, x lUJ kbwhU lF efj uk.

ghfgl FHijF vts iuthf g bfhLf Munwhnkh

mts iuthf FHij ts Kndw VgL. j KndwkhdJ
_is ghmsit bghWJ VgL.

%is Klf;Fthjj;jpd; tiffs; (Types of Cerebral Palsy) :

ghjpf;fg;gl;l %isg; gFjpapd;; msitg; nghWj;J mjd; gpujpgypg;G ,Uf;Fk;.
%is Klf;Fthjj;ij gpd;tUkhW ,uz;L tiffshf tifg;gLj;jyhk;..

ghjpf;fg;gl;l cly; gFjp

jirj;jd;ik

1. ghjpf;fg;gl;l cly;gFjpfisg; nghWj;j ghFghL:

(Topographical Representation)
1.

xw;iw thjk;: (Monoplegia)

xU fhNyh (m) ifNah ghjpf;fglbUf;Fk;.

2.

Nky;gf;fthjk;: (Diplegia)
iffis tpl ,uz;L fhy;fSk; ghjpf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;.

3.

gf;fthjk;: (Hemiplegia):
clypd; xU gFjp KOtJk; ghjpf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk (,lJ my;yJ tyJ).

4.

,ul;il gf;fthjk;: (Double Hemiplegia)

cly KOJk; ghjpf;fg;gl;bUe;jhYk;> xU gf;f iffs;> fhy;fs; kw;nwhU gf;f
iffs; fhy;fistpl mjpfkhf ghjpf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;.

5.

Triplegia:
,uz;L if> xU fhy; my;yJ xU if> ,U fhy;fs; ghjpf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;.

6.

Nky;> fPo; gf;fthjk; : ,uz;L iffSk;> ,uz;L fhy;fSk; ghjpf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;

Kfj;jpy; jirfs; ghjpf;fg;gl;bUg;gjhy; czT cz;ZtjpYk;> NgRtjpYk;
rpukk; ,Uf;Fk;.

2. jirj; jd;ikiag; nghWj;j ghFghL (Muscle Tone Classification)

,rpg;G thjk; (Spastic)
ngU%isapy;

cs;s

Nkhl;lhh;

fhh;nlf;];

ghjpf;fg;gl;ljhy;

jirJbg;G

mjpfhpf;Fk;. ,jd; fhuzkhf jir jd;ik ,Wfpf; fhzg;gLk;. cly; cWg;Gfs;

,aq;Fk; NghJ nkJthfTk; fbdkhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;.

,aq;fhw;wy; FiwghL!(Athetoid)
%isapy; cs;s Ngry; fhq;fpypah gFjp ghjpf;fg;gLtjhy; jir Jbg;G> Vwp> ,wq;fp
fhzg;gLk;. jirj;jd;ik czh;r;rp tag;gLk; NghJ ,WfpNah> jsh;e;Njh ,Uf;Fk;.
cly; cWg;G ,af;Fk;NghJ mjph;TlDk;> fl;LgLj;j KbahkYk; ,Uf;Fk;.

Xj;jpapq;fh FiwghL: (Ataxic)

rpW%is ghjpg;gpdhy; jirJbg;G Fiwthf ,Uf;Fk;> jirj; jd;ik jsh;e;J
,Uf;Fk; cly; cWg;Gfis ,af;Fk; NghJ eLf;fKk;> js;shl;lKk; ,Uf;Fk;.
cbk]_ :
x]_ c^ >^
>V_
\_Kk]KD,
szk]KD E\D

k]_ \uD >k_

V\Vu]_ :
> |VV_
BzD cVB
Vz, c>|, >V
gBk V]|k>V_
k]_ E\D.

s][ zV|
BVu_ zV|
c^ zw>z
s][ zV|
m V|D.

Vk zV|:
u^
>^
m
BV>>V_
\V Vk
u|m E

J
xzkV>>V|
m V|D
^

g\ \uD >
^:
BVu_
m\VuD \uD
B >k ]
Fk]_ ^
>V_ g\
V]|m.

koA:
J xzkV>>V_
V] E
zw>z koA
kVD

gF : 3

\kE zV|:
Ek zw>z
][
V>V\Vk
zkVk ]
][ >_

z u_
^: QV ][,
kM>_, c_
m
B_|k]_ ,
Bm \uD B
>k ] Fk]_
^.

jiy:- _is KlFthj FHijf mk iy kW mtfis ifahS

Kiwf .
nehf:

gLUF ntis FHij cl iy vthW Uf ntL

vW TWj.

vthW mku itf ntL vW TWj

vthW brtJ vW TWj

njitahd bghUf:
FHij cUt bghik, khaikfgl ehfh, f cj cgfuzf
fhy

ms :

45 lf

gahsUF y jftf :

FHij cUt bghikia khlyhf itJ bra Kiw sFj

bgnwhf xUtiu miHJ mtfis bra brhYj

g bfhLF Kiw :
_is KlFthj FHijia vthW mkuitf ntL, vthW f
ntL vgij bghik fhfis o, kl mkuitJ s TWj. xU
bgnwhiu miHJ mnjgh bra itj. FHijf iyfis sFj.
_is KlFthj FHij iyf (Position)
iyf
gLUF / cwF
ntis

khWgl iyf
gho tif
-fhf uL
izJ UF (f
nghW)
-iff uL koj
iy UF.
-jiy xU gfkhf U
UF.
-if uf _oa
iy UF
-KJF jL ndh
tisJ UF.

Kla g Kiwf
-f nghw fhfSF
il jiyaiz (m) Jia
cUisahf RUo itf ntL.
-uL iffSF il xU
jiyaiz itf ntL.
-jiyF xU jiyaiz itf
ntL.
-if uf wf if gJ
(m) isahL bghU bfhLf
ntL.
- gLF nghJ xU gfkhf gLf
itJ w jiyaiz (m)
Jia koJ gfkhf itf
ntL.

fGJ / jiy iyJ

wgjF

cfhj iy

_is KlFthj
FHijf jiy g
ukkhf UF. j
FHij mfkhf jiy
ndh UF (m)
jiy rhjthW
UF.

FHijia bkij Fw
gLf itf ntL. mnghJ
FHij jLtl gF
Lj _ykhf jiy nk
F.

FHij cfhU nghJ

jiy ewhf f
ntL. mgo
fiy vwh
FHij cfhu itg
ukkhf UF.
FHij tisJ UF.
KJFjL tisJ
kW iff koJ,
fhf mfW fhzgL.

Kj jiy gjF jiy

Rs midJ jirf tY
nrf ntL. cl g gJ
_ykhf jiy jirfSF tY
nrf ntL.
FHij KJF jL Rs
jirfSF (strengthening ex)
tY bfhLf ntL.

Squatt sitting (Fj itJ

cfhUtJ ngh itgjh jiy
ndh nghtij jLf Ko

FHijia jtG iy Uf
ntL.
(crawl walking position)
L gF jirf tY nrf
ntL.
cj cgfuz _ykhf cfhu
itf Ko,
(Corner chair)
o _iy cfhu itf
ntL.

F iy

_is KlF thj cs

FHij, g mfkhf
ghfgL csd.
fhf uL tisJ
fhzgL. L gF
jsJ fhzgL. (m) xU
gF tisJ fhzgL.

fhfSF w UF
(hamstring muscle ia stretching
ex, quadriceps strengthening )
brtj _ykhf mj jiria
js gLj Ko. mnghJ
fhf neuhf UF.
cfhUtJ myJ gJ _ykhf
L gF cs jirf
tYbgW kW g gJ
_ykhf Standing Balance
bgwKo. Balance Board _ykhf
gjF g bfhLfgL

_is KlF thjjh ghfgl FHijia ifahSj :

_is KlFthj
tiff
cl wkhf tisJ UF .
FHijia jiuUJ FtJ

fhfS, iffS kl cl
KGtJ FWa iy UF
FHij.

jsj jir jikila

FHijia FtJ vLJ
brtJ.

elf itj

Kla g Kiwf
FHijia gftho Uf. xU ifia
FHij nk gFF mo itJ kW
KJif tiHjgo ifia koJ uL
fhfSF ilY, j iy FHijia
mnj iy ghJfhty clnghL
mizJ f.
FHij fhfSF il cf ifia
bfhLJ FHij xU ifia of.
cfsJ kw if mtdJ fGJF itJ
FHij clig neuhf ghJfhty
bry. Kiw vLJ brt _y
FHij jir jik Wf Fiw.
FHij nk ghfJF mo xU ifia
itf. kbwhU ifah FHij
fhfis mtdJ tW gFnahL kl
mtdJ Lig g bfhs.
jiuUJ FHijia ghJfhty
clnghL mizJ bfhs.
Kla g _is KlFthj
FHijia elf itf y cj cgfuz
ntL.
cj cgfuzf
- eil g nkil (Parallel Bar)
- ir
- ifgil
- eil gY to
- Posterior Tube Splint
- Ankle Foot Orthosis
- Crutchs
nghwit ntL.

vj xnu mk iyY FHijia gy k neu mku braTlhJ.

mkiyia mofo khw ntL.

10

gF : 4
cQt cj

jiy:nehf:

_is KlFthj FHijfSF cQt VgL ukfis mj

mtiw vthW t brayh vW mj

cz jik vthW Uf ntL vgij mj

FHijia vthW mkuitJ cz itfyh vW bgnwh mj

neu : 45 l
kh glf, khaikfgl cgfuzf, jL,
njitahd bghUf :
ls, , z, cz tiff.
gahsUF y jftf :
1.

FHij cik iyia bgnwhfSF sFj.

2.

bgnwhfis mtf FHij cz cQ Kiw g nfL

mj_y tFid bjhlFj.

3.

xU bgnwhiu mtuJ FHijia miHJtu brJ, mFHijF vthW

cz bfhLf ntL vw Kiwia brJ fhLj _y sFj.

4.

bgnwhiu FHijF Ugkhd czit bfhLtu brJ cbfhS

Kiwia sFj.

g bfhLFKiw :

cz cg uk Vgl fhuzf :

md sJ, cjL sJ Uj

cjL, ehF kW jhilf mir ghfgLj

gf uL tirfshf Uj

kUJf cbfhtjh clhF kafiy

GFtjF Vw tif cz jik ik.

cz brkhdik

rahf mku itfhk cz bfhLgJ

czit CLnghJ ntfkhf bfhLgJ

FHijF Ug yhj czit mj

jirf jsJ / Wfkhf Uj

11

mk iy :
FHijia rahd mk iy itJ cz bfhLjhjh FHijah
uk yhk cz czKo. mk iy riy vwh cz cQj
vD bra FHijF btWig juTL. FHijia w cjlndh,
cjnah j iy mku itfntL. jfhf kh mikfgl
ehfhfis gagLjyh.

cz CLKiw

gLf itJ f CLtijfhoY

J cjl
jhnd cz g bfhLfyh

cz cgij gWf y Ff :
1.

FHij Ugnfg Ritahd cz bfhLf ntL.

2.

jkhd NLs cz GFtjF cj br.

3.

ut cz MuJ kj cz wF l cz vd bfhLfyh.

4.

FHij j czit cgjF njitahd neu bfhLfntL.

5.

FHij th itj cl bkYtjF Vwtif UJthd (l)

czbghU UJ Mufyh.

6.

FHijF uk Ujh czbghUis mtdJ th itjl fd

gFia UJthf tlkhf jl th jirF g bfhLj ntL.

7.

FHij jiy Kdh Fa brJ cfsJ ufsh FHij

bjhilgFia bkJthf gaj ntL.

8.

kahd NHiy VgL cz mj.

9.

rahd neuF cz mj

10. FHijia rahd mk iy mku brJ cz mj.

12

gF : 5
jiy :c totij ifahSj.
nehf :1.

c totjfhd fhuzfis mabrj.

2.

c totij Gf bra ntoa gfis ma brj.

3.

FHijia rahd mk iy mku brj.

4.

FHijF c totij KGikahf fLgLJj.

neu : 40 l
njitahd bghUf ;
khl, rh, glf, uh, nj, uZ
gahsUF y jftf :
va gfis bgnwhfisna brhy itj. bgnwhfSF bjahj
y gfis gahs vLJiuJ tFid JtFj.
g bfhLFKiw
c totjfhd fhuzf g, vd gf bfhLjh c
totij jLfyh vgij g bjthf bgwnwhfSF g mj.
_is KlFthjjh ghfgl FHijF vnghJ I c bfhnl
UF. Mifah thUJ to c cjL, jhil, fGJ, L,
jiutiuTl toaTL, mjdh ju cghijf tuhk jLj vthW vgij
aitj.

c totjfhd fhuzf vd?

1. th jir Wf iy Uj.
2. thahdJ vnghJ wj iy Uj.
3. GF jik yhUj
4. c iu Gf bjahj iy
5. gt, <Wf , th _Ltij jLF gtirf Ugjh.
6. ehF mirf Wfkhf Uj
7. cR jik ik.
8. cRj, GFj, bkYj uk
9. rahd mk iy ik
10. th mik FiwghL.
13

jhilfSF g mF Kiw

c totij jLf jugL gf :

nggiu W JLfshf J FHij K itJ Cj brj

nrh uh itJ vLJ C Eiu tu brj

fGij R fh foLj

uhit itJ j, , gh nghwtiw c Fofitj.

FHij c totij fL gLJ nghJ CFJ gR mj

nkiria canah (m) rhthd gyifia itnjh FHij jiy

Kgf Fahk jLfyh.

thia _o c iu Gf brj.

g, jhil uridfis kUJtl brW r bra ntL,

dK fig itJ Jilf brhYj

w g njgh nj jl dK g mj.

c toaToa FHijia rhjhuz FHij K mku brJ

mFHijia ngh mkubrj.

th jir mirfSF g mj.

Kiwahd kUJt Mnyhrid bgW, mij gWj.

Kiwahd mk iyia rahf filoj.

CR, GFj, bkYj MatF Kiwahd g mj.

14

gF : 6
jiy : _is KlF thj cs FHijfSF Ra njitfSfhd g.
nehf :
cjl, Fiwjs cj kW jhnd

ftiwia gagLj
gJyf
Ff
Mil ma g bfhLF j g TWj.

njitahd bghUf:
khaikfgl ftiw gl, mil, j, JL, k, gbf.
fhy

ms :

45 lf

gahsUF y jftf :
_is KlFthj FHijf Ranjitfis jhfns brJ bfhs
vbdd bghUfis khaikf ntL vW mj bghUfisna fho
bgnwhfSF mtaij mj. FHij jhnd Ra njitfis brJ
bfhlh bgnwhf mtfqila FHijfSF mfgL cj ms
Fiw vgij mWj.
g bfhLF Kiw :
_is KlFthj cs khztfSF Ranjit guhk bra vgo fW
bfhLf ntL vgij flthW bfhLfyh.
ftiwia gagLJj;
ftiw cgnahgjF w FHijF u g mta. FHijF
gogoahf fW bfhLf. FHijf, ftiw njitnfg xU mltiz
jahgj_y mtdJ dr ftiw cgnahF neuij bgnwh mayh.
1.

fhQ mltiz FHij W / ky fF neuij Fl.

xU thufhd mltiz

eh / Hik

fhiy

ka

khiy

PhW
f
brth
j
ahH
bt
r
ftiw gaghofhd gid bgnwhf _W thuF (21 ehf)
jil brj mta. mthW bjhlahf g mFnghJ FHijf
mij fW bfhtf.
15

2.

mfhiy vGjl kW rhL miuk neu fJ ftiwF bfhL

brW l ntL. FHijf Kj Kiw fgiw cfhu itF bghGJ

mGthf mGjhY W fFtiu mnfna cfhu itf. U k
neuF xUKiw ftiw cfhu itf. bjhlJ gHf gLJtJ _y
mt ftiw cgnahfij fWbfhth.
3.

Mug ftiw cfhu itgjF Kngh (m) ftiwiaL btna

tjngh FHij W fjh mtid jh brjJ jtW vW czu brj

mta.
4.

ftiwF bry ntL vgjF "RR" vgJ nghw thijia (m) xU

brifia fhLtjF gHf gLjyh. ftiwF brY nghbjyh mnj

brifia (m) thijia f brhy / bra ntL. cfis ghJ mt
brhynth, branth fWbfhth.
5.

mtdh Koj j Rakhfnt ftiwF brtij CFf. elnjh,

jtnjh, cfhjgo efnjh Ufyh mtdh Rakhf efu Koahlh rfu

ehfh (m) rfu bghUa ehfh nghwtiw cgnahfyh.
ftiwia gagLa jiu Cwnth (m) j bjhoia Gf,
iffis nrh, j C fGt fW bfhLj.
FHij

(m)

khzt

cl

af

wikF

Vg

ghJfhs

khaikfgl ftiw ehfh cgnahfgLjyh. jid fGtjF mtdJ

iff mtdJ gFF vliybawh skhd ifos ghir
gagLj itfyh.
FHij Rygkhf gagLJ tif ifofSl Toa nghJkhd ms
ltrlD, mk iyF VwthW

khaikfgl fgiwia mikJ

jUj mta.
gJyFj:
_is KlFthj FHijfSF E jir aFK ghfgL Ugjh
mtfsh rhjhuzkhf ui[ oJ g njf ayhJ. vdnt, kh mikfgl
u, kh mikfgl k gagL g njf, fzho K g bfhLf.
Kojtiu FHij jhnd bra g bfhLf

16

FHijF Rygkhf fW bfhtjF vj mj brafis W W TWfshf J

bfhLJ g mj.
1.

Kj uZ, ng milahs fhz itj.

2.

uZ mkhzt oF msF kh mikf gl uZ.

3)

ng vLf itj

4)

ng _oia fHw itj

5)

u J ng mG J itf brj

6)

wF ngil _o Uj l itf brj

7)

uZi th itJ lJ tyJ gfkhf njf itj,

Gkhf njf itj

8)

th cs Eiuia btna Jg itj

9)

th j L bfhgJ Jg itj (ehK th j C J

fhLj)

uZi nkY,

10) uZi fG uZ itF l itf brj.

Fj :
FHij gagLJ Fa miw FHijnfwthW kh mikj mta.
k, FHh ifo, Jfis itF l, nrh lgh vd

njitahdtiw

FHij ogjF Vwh ngh J R jokdhf UFkhW kh mikf

ntL.
Ff g mF Kiwf
1)

Kj khzt th UF iu k vLJ, cl Cw itj

2)

kif nH itf brj

3)

nrhig vLf itj

4)

nrhig clY, KfY nghL njf itj

5)

k vLJ cl Cw itJ, KfY nrhig fGt itj

6)

k vLJ cl Cw itj

7)

bjhlJ k vLJ clY, KfY Cw itj

8)

wF Jlh clig Jilf itj

nkfl braf FHij vj xU W braiy brjhY ghuhl ntL.
thW dK bjhlJ g mf ntL vW bgnwhfl

vLJiuJ TWj. FHij FF nghJ vj iffis vjhf brwnjh mj

_y bjhlJ bra CFgLJj.
FHijia Ff itFnghJ FHijl ngbfhnlhmyJ ghobfhnlh
Fghl. f br xbthU braiy brh bfhnl bra.
17

Mil mj:
_is KlFthjjh ghfgl FHijfSF iffY gh UF.
vdnt, Milia jhkhf nghLj (m) fHWj vgJ rW ukkhf csJ. vdnt
FHij ghnfwhngh mtfSF gWf ntL.
jir
Wf
mfkhf
cs
FHijf
Lig
Kwkhf
J
tisJ
Mil
mf
ntL.
nkneh gLj iy Mil mf
ntL. nkneh gLj iy Mil
mjh FHij cl jir
Wf VgL ndh tisaTL.
gf tho gLj iyY Mil
mfyh.
cfhU iy cl rkiynahL
Uj cfhj iynyna Mil
mgJ ey.
vj xU braiy FHijl br
bghGJ,
FHijl
ngbfhL,
FHijia
<LghLl
bragl
brtj _y rahd cl mk
iyfis ifahS j VgL
ukfis jfyh.
_is KlF thjjh ghfgl FHijf fLghlw cl affis
bfhoUjhY tfSF njitahd thfis cj cgfuzfis
mgj _y tfsJ fw wid CFJ f bgw bra Ko.
njitgo tU khwfis brayh.

Rojh fW fl Koaiyba vyho itfyh.

ril glDF g btFnuh itfyh.

bfhF g btFnuh itfyh.

ng-F fhiy
gagLjyh.

EiHj

nkny

Gf

tisj

fig

_is KlF thjjh ghfgl FHijfSF Kj UJ filtiu

KGikahf fW bfhLfhk mij W W brafshf fW bfhLfyh.
rahd cl mk iyia Mil mnghJ ifahtJ mta.

18

gF : 7
t neh

jiy:nehf :

t vwh vd? vW ma brj

t tu fhuzf vd vW ma brj.

t tU nghJ bra Toait, bra Tlhjit g ma brj.

fhy ms:-

40 l

glf

njitahd bghUf:

gahsUF y jftf :
_is

KlFthjjh

ghfgl

FHijfSF

Fl

neu

kW

Niy t VgL vgij mUj.

g bfhLF Kiw:t vwh vd?
mnghJ

vd

cf FHijf ahUfhtJ t tUwjh?

brf?

vgJ

nghw

nffis

nfL

bgnwhflUJ giy tutiHj. bgnwh Ta jftfSF nkbfhL

jftfis gahs jUj.
t:t vgJ _is VgL urhad khwfsh mntfkhd braghodh
cl cWf Jsyhd mirf VgLtij t vnwh. y rkaf
iy kaf iyF bfhL brtJ cL.
tiff:t gy tif cL.

y FHijf f ik jlhk Ughf.

y jh brJ bfhoUF brafis WLthf.

yuJ th gF xU gfkhf nfhzyhF.

t tUbghGJ VgL y mFf UjhY kUJt cj

mta.

jkhf ukhf fhzgL.

Raidf Hj

if / fhf Joj

19

fhuzf:_is VglToa fha, gugiu

u t nghJ
1. vj fhuzK FHij Obud nHGj
2. FHij cl Kj W jstilj
3. thUJ c toj.
4. FHij j ehF / cjil mahk foJ Ltjh xGF v uj
toj.
5. mfkhd gh VgL bghGJ FHij W / ky fJL.
6. Ra idit Hj.
f bjJ bfhs ntoaJ:1. t btghL J neunk UF.
2. tdh FHij wfhJ.
3. cl btw VnjD fha VgoUwjh vW nrhJ ghf
ntL.
4. y FHijfSF t tUtjfhd mFfis czJ bfhs Ko.
t VgL neu :
filof ntoait

jf ntoait

cl Ugt gjlkilahk jhdkhf

bragl ntL.

cl Ugt gjlglTlhJ

ghJ fhghd l xUfJ gLf

itf ntL. (J v btna
totjF v _R LtjF
cj)

FHijia nkneha iy gLf

itf TlhJ.

FHij jiyF mo xU
jiyaiz itf ntL.

FHij njh gF gLkhW vj

bghUis itf TlhJ.

Wfkhd Milfis jsj.

tHfF khwhd cl mirfis

Wj TlhJ. (rh nghw U
bghUfis bfhLf TlhJ)

FHij ehif fofhk Uf xU

ifFil myJ JL Jia
gfSF il itfyh

fuo nghw Tikahd bghUis

th itfTlhJ.

FHijF id tUtiu mU
Uf ntL.

cgjnfh, mUJtjnfh vJ
bfhLf ntlh.
20

t tU FHijF ghJfh :
elF gUt UF FHij bt brYnghJ nH GJ
moglhk Uf ghJfh bjh mfyh. bjh brtjF bfoahd
Jf nghJkhdjhF.
t tUgt jiy RwsF jFjthW xU Jia tlkhf ijJ
m xU gfUJ mj v wF xU Jia ijJ nj Kiw mLj
gfY ijJ bjhngh bra. gF uL ehlhfis nrJ
bjhia jiy bghUj.
bga, yhr, bjhiyng v, t tUgt vw tuij xU mil vG
ril bghUJj eyJ.

21

gF : 8

cj cgfuzf

jiy:nehf:-

gtif cj cgfuzf kW KaJt g mj

mtiw gagLJKiw g mj

mtiw guhkF Kiw g mj.

njitahd bghUf:
cUis, rhjs gLif cgfuz, ifgil, kh mikfgl ehfh
fhy

ms :

40 l

gahsUF y jftf :
1.

clahf _is KlFthj FHijf uridf,

_is KlFthj FHijf tiffis bgnwhF
jkhf vikahf sFj.

2.

cgfuzfis g TW nghJ, mj gaghL, mij gagLJ Kiw g

sfkhf go TWj.

3.

Ra njitfis iwnt bfhs, f braghLf gnff, ntiyF

brY wid nkgLj, kW bghGJ nghF mrfis iwnt
bfhs cj cgfuzf VJthf mikwJ vgij sFj.

g bfhLF Kiw :
cj cgfuzfis bgnwhl neuoahf fho xUkhztDF mJ
sFj.
cj cgfuzf:-

bA ghl
iffis gagL vGj, jlR

bra ayhj

FHijf ga gLJtJ.

22

cUis (Bolster) : j cgfuz _is KlFthj cs FHijfSF

jiy f gagLwJ.
rhjs gLif cgfuz (Prone wedge ) :jiy gjF, iffis C jiyia ca ghf
cjwJ.

ifgil (Gaitters) :KHif, KHfh klfhk neuhf UgjF, kW jir

Wf Fiwf gagLwJ.

kh mikfgl ehfh (Modified Chair):cfhu Koahj FHijfSF kh mikfgl mikj j ehfh Fj

cjl mFHij neuhf cfhu cjwJ.

f cj cgfuz (Standing Frame) :XusF cfhu Ko FHijfSF, F g mgjF

j standing frame cjwJ mikJs btnuh
cjlD FHijfis f itfyh.

eilgY cgfuz (Walker):

elF wid cUthf, Walker I gagL
g mfgLwJ.

23

eilgfhd cgfuz (Parallel Bar):

fU
fzhol

UwK

cau

mikUF.

To

FiwF

FHijf

tif
UwK

oJbfhL, mj cjlD, jeilia fzho

ghJ elf gHFwd.
CW nfh (Crutches) :
xU fh myJ U fhfS gh milj FHijf, jdJ iff CW
nfhiy gagL, XlUJ kbwhU lF brwd.

njhgil CWnfh :-

uL fhfS af KGikahf gh

miljt gagLJj.

KHif CW nfh :- Xus (myJ) xUfh af gh miljtf

gagLJtJ

L Ko fQfhfSF Jiz cgfuz (HKAFO) : L UJ ghj tiu, elgjF cWJizahf bghUjgL

cgfuz.
KHfh fQfh kW ghjfSF Jiz cgfuz (KAFO) : KHfh UJ ghj tiu bghUjjgL nghnah nghw jir gh cs
FHijfSF elgjF gagL cgfuz.
fQfh kW ghjfSF Jiz cgfuz (AFO) : jilahd ghj nghw gh cs _is KlFthj FHijfSF rahd ghj
mikig jf itf bghUjgL cgfuz.

rfu ehfh (WHEEL CHAIR) :-

elf ayhj _is

KlFthj FHijfSF ij gagLjyh, iffis ga

gLj Kobk FHij jhnd rfu ehfhia jhnd
gagLjyh
24

gF : 9
jiy : elijia ifahSj
nehf :-

khWgl elij, rahd elij vd vgij bgnwhfSF czu

brj.

khWgl

elijia

vthW

ifahs

ntL

vw

bjid

bgnwhF cUthFj.
fhy ms; 40 l
njitahd bghUf:rh, fUgyif, rh
gahsUF y jftf :
1. khWgl elij, rhjhuz elij ga sfij bgnwhF go
vikahf sFj
2. jfsJ mDgtfis bgnwhfis gJ bfhs brj
3. bgnwh nffSF Jakhd ca giy mj.
g bfhLF Kiw :
bgnwhfis FGfyhf J xbthU elij brafis bfhLJ
ifahS tKiwfis nfl kW vGj brj thyhf midtiu gFbgw
brj.
elij vwh vd?
elij vgJ LjYF VgL bra (m) u bra.
uridFa elij vwh vd?
R_jha VWbfhs Koahj xthj elij uridFa, njitaw
elij, elij FiwghL Ujh uirFa elij vd TWnth.
elij vnghJ uridFaJ?
taJF xthJ elij :1.

tajhd eg ifia th itUj.

2.

elij

ujh jdnfh, wUnfh MgJ VgLJj, RWNH

ghfgLj.
(v.fh) wiu moj, Xobfhnl Uj, y elijf y lf Vf
Toajhf, mnj elij ntW lf Vf Koahjgo Uj.
f Koj if jLtJ, RhL nghJ ifjLtJ.
25

vit vyh uirFa elf.

1. RaLjYFa elij
2. xU braiy Ug Ug brtJ
3. nrjgLJ elij
4. jid jhnd fhagL bfhS elij
5. eh ffhF myJ kh mikfgL elij ghfToajhf,
msl Toajhf Uf ntL.

uridia flj bra

ntoaJ vd?
1. FHij khWgl elijia vij khWJ vd khf ntL. vJ
kwtfis f ghwJ, v FHijia vJ ghwJ vd czJ
mjid khw ntL.
2. khw ntoa elijia msL bra ntL.
vjid Kiw bra btgLwJ.
vts fhy ilbt btgLwJ.
vts neu csJ.
Fghf vj neu btgLwJ. vgij FJ bfhs ntL. mj
braiy gFjh bra ntL. braYF khWgl is Kija iy
bra jid Muha ntL.

y rkaf braYF Kija iyia khaikfyh. yrka

is rahf kh mikgj _yK mFHij elijia kh
mikfyh.
elijia ifahS tKiwf KaJt :

edlijia mff

khW gl elijia Fiwf

fWbfhl edlijia iyahf Ufbrj.

elij kh mikgjfhd bra Kiwf

Niyia kh mikj
bra eilbgw VJthf UF Niyia khWgl elij eilbgwh tz
kh mikj.

(c.) xU FHij nghL gHf csbj Kj

mFHij ifF vlhj tz bghUfis itj.

26

braiy fLbfhshk jj (Extinction) :bra isit kh mikj (v.fh) mFHij mkh ftdij ftu
mGwJ v mGifia ftfhk Uj.
btna mDj (Time out ) ; khWgl elij elj mFHijia J neu jna mku itj. kw
khztfis

bjhju

br

nghJ

bt

jidjhnd

fhagLbfhS elij cila FHijfSF ij ga gLjTlhJ.

elijia jLj (Physical Restraint) :jhnd ifia foJ bfhS FHij ifia WfoJ iy vd
TWj.

elijF mfgL btFk (Response cost );mFHij ey brafSF tHfgllbtFkia U bgWj.

btW Vgl braj (Aversion) :bra elj, mFHijF ofhj xiw brj, fr Rit,

jlidia ifgLJj (Over correction) :rhghL rhl el Jilf brhtJ. J jhf JilF lij
mfgLtJ.

elij tYl (Direct Reinferencement) :cldoahf gR tHFj, vj xU braYghuhlgL nghnjh, mij ftJ
gR tHfgL nghnjh, mbra eF ghuhlgL ewhf mFHij mfkhf
brgo lgLwJ.

vLJfhL :1.

uridFa elijf :
1. Fl neu ntiyia Kog jhkj.
2. v Jj
3. bgh TWtJ

27

2.

khw ntoa elij

v Jj

3.

fzLj
v Jj elij vts neuF xUKiw fwJ fzLj.

4.

eilbgW l
tFgiw

5.

elij gFgh (Functional Analysis)

elij ftjF Kija iy (Antecedent) :
1. tFgiw Ma ftdij <j
2. kw khztf gij uj
elij (Behaviour)
v Jj
elij is (Consequence) :Ma mtid Lj kw khzt khza mtiu ghJ j

6.

elij f vif (Frequency)

xUeh 10 Kj 15 tiu, 20 lF xU Kiw

7.

elij tGofis gFjhj (Reinforcement Analysis) :1. isahl oF

2. ghuhodh oF

8.

elij khWj tKiwf

1. jlidia if gLJj
2. w elijia CFF tYo
1. jlidia if gLJj: v Ja lij Rj braTWj.
gogoahf Rj br lij mfj.
2. w elijia CFF tYo : mtdJ kw ey brafis
ghuhLj. gl tiuj, jhk rhLj, cil Rjkhf itUj
Kja brafis ghuhLj.

9. uL khjfSF wF v J bra 2, 3 jlitahf, gogoahf FiwjJ.

28

gF : 10
jiy : ngR kW jft gkhw
nehf :

_is KlFthj fHijfSF jft gkhw VgL uridfis

mj.

uridfSFlhd it czJj.

_is KlFthj FHijf jft gkhw tiffis mj.

njitahd bghUf :
jft gkhw gyif, fUgyif, rh, thij bjhl milf, glfSl
Toa milf.
fhy

ms : 40 l

gahsUF y jftf :

_is KlFthj FHijfSF cl ahd uridf vthW ngR kW

jft gkhwij vthW ghwJ vgij sFj.

bjhlbfhSt KaJtij W ehlf _y sFtJ.

brhygL fUJf mwhl thifF vthW gagLwJ vgij

sFj.

g bfhLFKiw

jft bjhl vwh vd?

ekJ njitfis czj

ekJ fUJfis gJ bfhs

ekJ vzfis, czfis btgLj

ekJ RWw cs egf, bghUf ga fUJfis btgLj

jft bjhl vgJ mta.

f, ntiy <Lgl

ahl bjhlbfhnwh:

mkh

jhjh, gho

FHij

mgh

jif, mfh, j, mz
29

r_f

egf

kj

cwf

ntiy br l
vgo bjhl bfhnwh :
1.

ngR kW jft g khw

eik Rs egf JbfhS tif xU bkh nghRtJ ngRKiw

jft gkhwkhF.

rjf thij Wtha KGtha

2. ngrwtif jft bjhl

Kfghtidf

fzh g TWj

briff

cl mirf

ngR bjh

glfSl Toa milf

ngR Kiw myhj jft bjhl

Kf mirf - kahd neu j

fnzhL f ghj - njitahd bghUis myJ lij ghj.

briff - bkhnahL Toa myJ aifahd cl mirf (if,

fh Kf mirf)
cl mir bkh - eh F myJ mkUF iy ekF gJ
bfhsgL jft cs <Lghil, ekJ czfis
btgLJwJ.

ngRbjh - k, Jf nghw ekJ czfis btgLJwJ.

jft gkhw mil

30

ngrJtFj

FHij jdJ Kj thij ngrJtF K ngR bkh ga MHkhd

w bgUf ntL.

ayhikw FHij _is VgLs nrj, Jbfht cs

uk, ngR wik gh kW ngRWf gh nghw
fhuzfsh ngRtjF ukgLwhf.

Mugfhy thij tsF gagL tKiwf:

fW bfhLf ntoa thijia njbjLf.

njbjLj thijia gagLjToa isahL bghik myJ
braiy njbjLf. (c. gJ)
gid cgnahJ gytif isahLfis isahl. gJ vw
thij mofo gaglToa WW thafis gagLj.
FHij xnu thijia gyj Niyf Ug Ug nfgJ
f KakhdjhF.
isahoid kilajhf kh cf FHijia KGikahd
<LghLl bjhlJ isahl brj
cf FHij ngRtjF mtfhr tHFj
FHij xU thij ngr KaF nghJ mtid CFJ
mthijia ngRtjF cjj
FHij ngr MuF Kng jdn fca gh cfSl jft
bjhl bfhth. jdh FHijia ftdkhf ffhJ wU
J bfhS tif, jft bjhl bfhS tia fla
ntL.
ngr ayh FHijfSF FLg, cwd ga glf, cl cW
glf, Ra njitf ga glf _y fWjUj.
cf FHij gogoahf jft bjhl bfhs JtF bghGJ bra
ntoait :1. #khd bghUfis gagLJj.
(c.) Ff ntL vw jdJ njitia btgLj nrhid
RofhLj, jhf vLF bghGJ lsiu RofhLj.
2. a , , f, bghikf nghw bghik bghUfis cgnahJ
brafis fW bfhLf.
3. gy wKs glf, jffis fho Ro fhl brj.
31

4. mLJ fW btis glfis gagLJj.

5. wF nfhLf kLnk Md glfis gagLJ.
6. glfnshL a thijfis gagLj.
7. thijfis kL gagLJ.

j _y W W thaf

mikf, K Gtha mikf fW bfhLfyh.

nkTa brafis gWgj _y cf FHij j njitfis
btgLJtjF

VJthd

jft

bjhl

gyif

myJ

mil

jah

gOf.
kd bfhsntoait:

1.

jft bjhl gyif gagLJgtiu ffsh mjid KGtJkhf

ghJ RofhL tif trahf mkjglntL.

2.

vthW czJth?
FHij j u, f, u, kfL myJ jiy_ykhfnthmyJ
fynjh j njitfisczjyh.

3.

vjhf gagLjToa Kiwfis njbjLf.

4.

jft bjhl gyif FHij gagjj VJthf, vjhf Uf

ntL. jft bjhl gyif ey bfoahd gyif, mil myJ
fhj J glf xlgL sho fhjjh _lgoUf
ntL.

5.

ghitw urid cs FHijfSfhd jft bjhl gyifia

bgjhf mlgl glfis xWbfhW njitahd ilbt,
w mikig bfhoUFkhW mikf ntL. (c) t wKs
M gl btikahd mil eF bj. mij kh kr w
bghik fW w mil bjthf bj.

6.

glfis tirahfnth, xw xwhfnth, nkUJ Hhfnth

mikfyh. Mug xU gf uL glfSl MuJ
ehF glfshf mfJ nghf nghf gffis mffyh.

7.

a milf vifia mfF bghGJ FpLf myJ

glfis izJfW bfhLfyh.
(c) cL + w
gl + ghd
kf + lf / ff

8.

a milf cs glfis izJ

milahsfis nrJ fW bfhLfyh.
(c) kf, idbrhf
eh t M rhnl
mt nuh Fojh.
eh gir uhir rhnl.
32

fW

bfhLj

jft bjhl jf gagLJgt bga, taJ, ojit / ofhjit

jft bjhl bfhsntoa Kiw nghw guf bfhLfgoUf ntL.

id bfhsntoait

cf FHijah jft bjhl bfhs Ko vW ef.

jft bjhl bfhs njitia cUthf.

w Kiwf _y jft bjhl bfhtJ ngrhw tsia CfgLJ.

xU FHijF bjthd ngR tsuiybaD w tf _y jft
bjhl bfht fhy ua VgLtiy.

jft bjhl w tsf unahfkhd tF njitiy.

fhyF lF VwthW jft bjhl kfukhdjhF.

(c) cz ntis nghJ FHij xU jo glij fho j gia czj

brj.

jdF rhj, rhgh myJ ur ntL vgij czj bra

ntL.
cf FHij ngR, irif myJ jft bjhl gyif _y jft
gkhw brayh.

jft bjhl jf / gyif gagLJnth xU Fl tif

mjid gagLj ntL.

jft bjhl bfhsgL egUF mgyif / jfYs FpLf

bjUf ntL.
33

cjhuzkhf,
cnkZ vw ngRw ghfgl _wiu taJ khztDF vtthW jft
bjhl brh bfhLfglJ vd ghfyh.

mtdJ uridf:
1. mGif
2. jDila njitfis, czfis btgLj ayhik.
3. elg, vGJt uk

mtdJ wikf:1. brhtij clnd J bfhL Lth.

2. j vGJf, My vGJf, thijf Tl thij mil
fhodh Ro fhl Ko.

uridfhd ,
bjhl bfhSj g.
1.

Kj gahf 'Mkh' 'iy' vd nffSF g Tw gHndh.

gh

ntLkh? Mkh vd jiyia mirjl bfhLnjh. gh% nghfQkh?

Mkh vd jiy mirj bry ntL. nffSF Mkh vw jiy
mirF mtid gHfgLndh.
2.

mLjjhf 'ntlh' vd g Tw iffis mirJ gHndh. ofhj xU

bghUis fhJ, ntLkh v 'ntlh' vd if mirjh. gh
dK ntLkh? vd nflJ, 'ntlh' vd if mirjh.

go

ntlh vw giy gy Niy gHndh.

3.

mLjLJ vij nflhY 'ntlh' vwJ, mLj gahf vd ntL

vw nfF g mf gh, Ah , vd vGjgl thij
milfis fhondh. njitahdij Ro fhoaJ, mtDF mijna Fof
bfhLnjh. (mf Kiw Boost bjhL fhodh.)

4.

cz bghU mtDF njitahdij vG (c) njhir, , nf, g,

I vG fhgof itJ, Ro fhl itnjh. mgh filFnghwh.
vd ntL? vd nflJ, fho cs I, g fhodh. mJnt
th bfhLffglJ.

5.

cilfis fho fhJ (c.) ng, r, o.r njitahdij ojij

nfL ma fW bfhlh.

34

6.

mJ KoJ mGif kk Fiwj gho.iy.

mLjjhf czfis

glfshf, thijfshf fhJ brh bfhLnjh.

1. ftiy

6. btW

2. rnjh

7. mGif

3. t

8. bgkik

4. bghwhik

9. ga

5. vr

10. Raey.

bfhr cjl vGj Mujh.

7 . czfis mtDl bjhl gLj brh bfhLnjh. jdJ t, vr, ga
czfis Jbfhlh.
8. xU thu fJ, Physio brjh V mGwh? vd nfL, mtid g vGj
itjnjh. t vd vGdh.
gho LF brwh rnjh, gia ghjh ga, brh bfhLj ghlij
U

vLjh

vr

vd

vfsJ

nffSF

mtdJ

czfis

btgLdh.
mtid J bfhL, mtDF oj jkhf ghl lij kh bfhLnjh.
Kj tF ghlij Mtkhf gojh. owjh vw nfF 'Mkh' vd vG
fhjh.
mGifF fhuzfis mt btgLaJ, mjnfwh ngh tFgiw,
oY y khwfis brjJ fhuzkw mGif nw nghdJ.

35

gF : 11
jiy : _is KlFthj FHijfis vGj gof itj
nehf : _is KlFthj FHijfS f ff aY vw bjid,
mtfis vgo mjFa tKiwfis g f ffyh
vgij bgnwhfSF sFj .
njitahd bghUf :
khaikfgl ngdh, bg, rh
fhy ms;

40 lf.

gahsUF y jftf :
1.

ghllid mFHij wDnfg kh mikJ bfhLfyh vw

tKiwfis TWj.

2.

Vfdnt nj vGa khztfis cjhuz T fj.

3.

bgnwhfis mtfSila FHijf vGJ Kiw

kW goF

Kiwg Tw brj.
4.

vGjToa FHijf bgnwhf kW gof Toa FHijfSila

bgnwhfis J mtfSila aY jikF Vg vthS vGj,
goF wid nkgLj vgij czu brj.

thj g :

_is KlFthj khztfSF Kj ghlfis mjFa thij

izJ thf fW bfhLfntL.

gof fW bfhLF nghJ thij mil cgnahfyh

thijf milahs fhoa vGJfis To thf fW

juntL.

20 thijf, 30 thijf vd ghl jf UJ thijfis

njJ vLJ brh bfhLf ntL.

ngrToa FHijF thijfis crf fW bfhLfyh.

ngr ayhj FHijfSF eh TW thijfis vLJ bfhLfnth Ro

fhlnth gHfyh.

y _is KlFthj FHijf f mir Tl Ro fhl aYkhdh

mjgo g bfhLfyh.

f _y eh TW thijfis il gz itfyh.
36

nffSF Wgfshf vG brh bfhLj.

1) ngrToa FHijf g Twyh
2) ngr ayh FHijf giy Rofhlyh
3) f mir Ro fhl itfyh
4) fl il g g Tw itfyh.

ghlgFfis ekJ FHijfSnfg W, W gFfshf brh bfhLJ

mtDF vgo g Twonkh mgo gHFj.

ghlgF
brof ghf Fj
1)

ngr aY khzt bro

nflnghJ g Tdh.

2)

ngr ayhj khzt bro

vGjgl milia izjh.

3)

Ma J vj ghf vd ngho tiuJ

Ro fhoanghJ thij milia fho
g TWj.

4)

f mir g Ta khzt bro

Twgl ghffis ghJ g Tdh.
FHijfSF

sFgo

Tw

ghffis

bgnwhU

ntL.

ghff

bjthf

cjhuzkhf

bro

mik vd vLJbfhlh J bro ,nt, jL,

iy vd Twhk, # broia fho Jnt, Jjh
broia WJwJ. jiu cRwJ,
jL jiu nkny iyF mDwJ. iy
gir tzkhf csJ. tz, thrid
jid sFj mta.
vGJj g :
mnefkhf _is KlFthj FHijfSF E jir aff uk
UF. bg oJ vGJt uk UF uf cs jir Wf, cl
mirf eLf cl rkiy ik it midJ vGJt uk
clhFwd.

37

E jir kW vGJtjF MajgLJ g :

1.

tz Lj

2.

uyh bjhL tz Lj

3.

WFj

4.

nfhLnk nfhL nghlitj

5.

U filna nfhL nghLj fis izj

6.

tlLj

7.

tl, miu tl nkny tiuj

8.

#hbkl cUtij nkny tiuj

9.
10.

va gl tiuj
va nfhy nghL

_is KlFthj FHijfSF vGj g mFKiw

1.

vj ifia mf ms gagLJwh vW mJ mjnfwthW g

mj .

2.

vGJtjF K vGJf bjUgJ mta.

3.

l irL nl gagL vGjyh.

4.

bgiy W gD EiHJ bg brhUfgl gid oJ vj

itfyh.

5.

bg oJs ufSl izJ ug ngL nghL Mug

vGj gHfyh.

6.

bga Rzh fo if bfhLJ ngho vGj lyh

7.

vGJtJ kwtF go Uj mta

8.

nfhL yhj neho vGjitJ gogoahf nfhL cs neho vGj

itfyh.

9.

vGJtjF K vGJfis ma br tif vGJf ga g

mj

ngr Toa FHijfSF nf nfL g gHfyh

mt g Tw kbwhU khzt vGj gHfyh
_is KlFthj khztfSF jFj giy Tdhny kbg tHfyh
fl _y vGj gHfyh. vGJtJ uk v Kiw ekJ _is
KlFthj khzt khzaiu gHfyh.

38

gF : 12
jiy : isahL kW bghGJ nghF
nehf :

_is KlFthj FHijfSF isahL mta vW bgnwhfis

ma brj g ma brj.

gtif kh mikfgl isahil ma brj.

bkh tsF, yfis l isahL vthW cjwJ vd

mabrj.

njitahd bghUf :
fhy ms;

40 lf.

gahsUF y jftf :
1. bgnwhfis mtfSF bjj isahil Tw brj.
2. _is KlFthl FHijfSF ayh jikF Vw tif wikia
czJ, isahoid tifgLJj.
3. bgnwhfis jfSila FHijfSF oj isahoid nflj.
4. _is

KlFthj

FHijf

wikF

Vg

bgnwhf

isahil

cUthFj.
g bfhLF Kiw;
bgnwhiu W W FGfshf J xbthU FGdiu _is, KlFthj
FHijfSF Vwhngh VjhtJ xU isahil kh mikJ ju brhYj.
isaho KaJt
isahL FHijf bra wid Ltj _y mtfsJ cl kW
kd tsF cjwJ. bgnwh, ghJfhty myJ FLg mfd FHijl
bjhlJ isahLtj _y mtdJ kd, cl tsia fhzyh. FHij
isaho _y fW bfhtdh mtdJ ts isahL K mf
twJ.

39

v.f. :

FHijf, bgnwhf ko mkJ midtU tkhf cfhu ntL.

ghL ghobfhnl FHijf J Kidia kh kh of ntL.

gahs TWtJ ngh vnyhUkhf nrJj Jia nkny Fj, nH

wFj.

bra _y vd fWbfhwhf vW fl l vGj.

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

isahL :-1
nehf:

if f xUid, ftd.

njitahd bghUf:IF, iy to btlgl gir wfhj jhf, to btlgl

fhj tzjhf, k ug gl ngg f, gir.
isahL Kiw :

khztf K mtutF njitahd bghUfis itf ntL.

bfhLjl IF xU Kid bgfh jl m xU ' '

tot jhis xl ntL.

wF IF eL bgfhiy jl iy tot jhfis vbu w

UFkhW xl ntL.

j IFia khztf K cs kz cs ls brU itf

ntL.

Fl neuF vj FHij mf bro xo, eL itwhfnsh mtf

bt bgwt Mth.

isahL- 2 :-

gho uj

nehf:- if, f xUizJ bragLJj, ftdij VgLJj

njitahd bghUf:- ua th, ls, fhahd gho.
isahL Kiw:khztf K

ua th kW xU fhahd ghoiy kW ls

itf ntL. mojl l iu vLJ fhahd gho ug

ntL. ah Kj uwhfnsh mtf bt bgwtMth.

40

FHijfSfhd y isahL braf :

1. j uj
2. gyhF
3. nfhFL
4. Phgfij mfF isahL
5. gbfo gJ nghLj
6. tlkhd la gJ nghLj
7. nfhfSF ilna gJ moj
8. jiu jhk vLJ tu
9. Til gJ
10. cUS eilto ngho
11. vYr gH vLJ brYj
12. cUisHF nrfj
13. rkiy elf brj
14. g cilj
15. of bghL xLj
16. tz Lj
17. uyh tz bjhL itj
18. fnfh tl, rJu, Knfhz btLj.
19. g CJj
20. CJj
21. bkGFt mizj
22. ngg CJj.

41

gF : 13
jiy:-

csla f bgnwhf gF, rlf kW rYiff

nehf:-

csla f bgnwhf gid czubrj

_is KlFthj FHijfSF nj Kiwf cs khw kW

rYiffis ma brj

mtfSFlhd rYiffis ma brj

khW w FHijfSfhd a mu rlfis ma brj

njitahd bghUf:
gt gh FWjfL, rlf, rYiff mla JL uRuf.
fhy ms :

40 l

gahsUF y jftf :
1. bgnwhfSF Mnyhrid tHF nghJ, jftf cikahf, Jakhf
Uj mta.
2. murhf rlf, lf, muR Mizf ga eff nrfJ itj,
bgnwhfSF fhf VJthf UF.
3. bgnwhfSila xbthU fUJfis, nffis ufakhf itUj.
g bfhLF Kiw :
bgnwhfSl fyJiuahLj. bgnwhf vbfhS ukfis nflJ
mjF fis jUj. g W dho dh elJj.
csla f bgnwh gF
1.

jfsJ FHijfis ilfhk bjhlJ g FmDj

2.

mtfSfF mfToa gfsha Kla g, ngRg

Matiw bjhlJ mgjF cj j

3.

Mjhuika fWbfhLF gfis bgnwhf o ifahSj

4.

jfsJ FHijfis kUJt KfhF miHJ brYj

5.

njitahd cj cgfuzfis bgWj. cj cgfufis gagL

FHij aY jikia nkgLJj.

6.

mWit ir
nkbfhSj.

njitgo

kUJtiu

42

mD

mWit

iria

7.

FHij j brafi sw cjW jhnd brtjF CFj.

8.

cslf eilbgW Tl g kW ju ff jtwhJ

gFbfhj.

9.

f braghLf kLkyhk w ghl id braghLf FHij

wikia mJ bt bfhzu brj.

10. FHij gY g jiyikaha, tFghaiu rJ FHij

f kW ghl izbraghLf Kndw FJ nflJ
njitgL cjfis brj.
_is KlFthj FHijfSF nj Kiwf cs khw
_is KlF thjjh ghfgl khdtfSF
-

xbthU njF nj vGj TLjyhf mDk

fhFnyl ga gLj mDk

nfjhis goJ fhl myJ brhtij vGj Maiu aJ

bfhs mDk

gl tiutUJ yF

brKiw njUJ yfJ th bkhahf brhy itj.

khW wDilnahUfhd rYiff.

-

milahs mil

f cj bjhif

guhk cjbjhif

cj cgfuzf

ytr u, ng%J gaz rYif

mWit ir

Kl a g bgnwhfSF brKiw sfg

rl tkhd ghJfhty akd (18 taF nk)

Ukz cj bjhif (21 taFnk)

ytr fhL l

43

khW wDilnahUfhd a mu rlf

khw;Wj; jpwd;
cilNahUf;fhd
,e;jpa murpd ;rl;lq;fs;

1986 ,e;jpa
Njrpaf; fy;tpf;
nfhs;if

,e;jpa kWtho;T
fofk; 1992

khw;Wj; jpwDil
NahUf;fhd rl;lk;
1995

Njrpa
mwf;fl;lis rl;lk;
1999

14 taJf;Fl;gl;l
Foe;ijfSf;F
fl;lhaf; fy;tp

gapw;rp ngw;w
Mrphpah; khw;Wj;
jpwDilaNahUf;F
fy;tp fw;gpj;jy;

khw;Wj; jpwDila
Foe;ijfSf;F 18
taJ tiu
Kiwahd #oypy;
fy;tp fw;gp;jy;

jPtpukhf
ghjpf;fg;gl;l
Foe;ijfSf;F
Nrit kw;Wk; cjtp
mspj;jy;

44