ORDRE DES INGENIEURS DU QUEBEC MAY 2011 SESSION Open-book examination Calculators : only authorized models Duration: 3 hours It is mandatory to return the questionnaire with answers. 98-CIV-A4 GEOTECHNICAL MATERIALS AND ANALYSIS. Problem 1. (15 pts) An undisturbed sample of moist sand was obtained fiom the base of an excavation, In the undisturbed state, the sample had a mass of 884g and a volume of 478 cm’. After oven-drying, the mass of the sample was found to be 829g. Given that the gravity of the sand particles was 2.67, calculate: a) The dry density and void ratio. (5 pts) b) Water content and the degree of saturation of the moist sand in its in situ conditions. (5 pts) ©) The relative density of the sand deposit, knowing that the maximum and minimam void ratios for the sand are €ymx=0.98 and eyxi=0.34 (Spi). Problem 2 (20 pts) A rigid square footing 2m x2 m is to be constructed at a depth of 2 m in a clayey sand deposit of total thickness 6 m. The average force due to the dead load of the structure and the footing is 1000 KN. The water table is at a depth of 3m. Calculate the total and effective vertical stresses at depths of 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 m for the conditions (y=18 KN/m*) a) Before construction, (10 pts) b) A long time after construction. (10 pts) Problem 3 (15 pts) ‘The assembly of figure 1 is used to evaluate the permeability of coarse sand, The volume of flow is 0,05 m? over a period of 20 minutes. a) Knowing that the cross-section of the sample is 1 m’, evaluate the coefficient of permeability (k). (5 pts) ») Evaluate the risk of drive of the particles at the exit of the flow by calculating the safety factor (y=18 kN/m?). (5 pts)Figure 1 Problem 2 ©) How much would be necessary to decrease the water level to avoid any risk of drive of the Particles (safety factor of 3)? (5 pts) Problem 4. (25 pts) A sample of saturated clay, taken from a depth of 5 m, was tested in a conventional ocdometer. The table 1 gives the vertical stress and the corresponding thickness recorded during the test ‘The water content at the end of the test was 40% and the initial height was 20 mm (G,=2.7). a) Plot a graph of void ratio versus 0”, (log scale) using figure 2. (5 pts) b) Determine C, and C,.(5 pts) ©) Determine my between o°/=400 kPa and o”,=500 kPa. (5 pts). 4) Determine o°p, using Casagrande’s method. (5 pts). ©) Determine the over consolidation ratio (OCR) by considering a water table at the surface and y=17 kg/m’. (5 pts) Table 1. Ocdometric test measurement oy (kPa) 109 2004008001600 800—«400~—«100 h (mm) 19.2190 17,0148 12,6 si T—=ida3 15908 0.78 07 2065 06 0.55 os 1 10 100 1000 (kPa) Figue2 Problem 4 Problem 5 (25 pts) Three samples of loose sand were tested under consolidated undrained conditions (CU). The failure stresses and excess porewater pressures for each sample are given below Sample No (Gs); (kPa) (c1-03)¢ Au;(kPa) 1 210 123 2 2 360 252 162 3 685 448 323 a) Plot Mobr’s citcle of effective stress from these data. (5 pts) b) Determine the friction angle for each test. (5 pts) ©) Determine the orientations of (1) the failure plane and (2) the plane of maximum shear stress to the horizontal for Test 2. (5 pts) 4) Determine the failure stresses for Test 1. (Spts) ©) Is the failure shear stress the maximum shear stress? Give reasons.