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ffl

. i3a.flyak -sen y!UAJ(). v 6era11f~i paljallj mempunya} henhlk..

"rt~lt'n Jehl~ d.a.ri s-ctfU. P~Jhafnyo.. . rnUnpuny&U· h'nk di'ttilt
lw1~· ·. riiJ'i mfu. jU!jtll . Stfif Pc!imorft~me ish ~rth~ dlts1 mdurl
:

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prlrMP.. yaiAg ~fun.yc
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11 ' " II t·:,'; '.
L.~ ~pQClftj

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t
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, .

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·.':.; poslsi relo.hr ,..YA. •
,··.

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.. unluk.. o..t. 1a"9 .ramct P().''!Jf:!'3AY(). : - t!ts- tJ/;fent'k ( frans- ottrenik ta
. ·· tU.e~'lenllc < cu-. jenCIIa .

·t- 0
._
2G i J
'
2.
a.. '-
10 l2.. lq
PfJ'lti ltJ-•. f'kp • "
MP. . li. Jt.f'!LIA r. ukrnyA.. MP Q.S. oJ:.f~olu.~no~"'

., \ (._,•.,]-·~--.: .
1- ' ,. ''-'

Y;:J~~-~---: ~ Mm\ q:na.p po.ltnj ftrtat. ~,t~nya.i J /,enfuk. C-A,B, e.j.

~ ctib'-nfut.. d.r b~~k.. fel-ef1 ___, - /::.f'l'l'lall$1Stc.epa:f ~ ~
'- __, - krts'Mllsa.s/' la.Mbo:r ~ pt}Clr'1t
f\.m pO/Q,f" dr ~ A ~ tl\:;:,,
~= •
- PCM W\a.taJt A- \ B ~ (!

A-'hrva '/"''ljt'f - bcnluK. A11 81 d(Ut e'

 i '·"' '~

I .''
//,_-.,;
;.--"

ETV~f! Dt! POL"::MOP..PHI~ME. MR.. CALOR.!Mt:Ei!Z/E DSC.~ ..

seL.ON qo.ll. MEP..K.EIJ ef S, v. VI'1ECIC

~
s -3o'c {J>e~
- \-
- L~Ut()E··

·.
ottr~c I tm~t .
Jt;>
Tf
+

Temperature
...
.....- 0
. .f-
r-
...

ol..
f>

....·
COfi.1PAMiSON ua FO~McS POL~MOP-ff/IQUES .pc.J B.EUR.IlJ; PC CACAO
0 1
Af"ES/.. VA-CCI<. e.f WIL.l..E ~ 1-UTrON

VAEC.I< WI~L.£ ~ 1-Uir()N

...
!.u.,&ik: s.upiritL.tt•;;.: ,'-J()f1 L1rv;il-e {Uper/wre
f'..;tf:
d\". fut/OI"l d~ f t.l (_/~fl •
Gn 1'1·"MA c-:ff I 1b .... ,a -
.J..
J.,I~--~

?llp fha_ (o{_j :Ao,7- 2.4f z. ][ -<-3t 3

Iil ?.!~~ ,::~

~ 5~ ifrJ.M-a(p;J .;., - 1» 1:.'

-· ,.
-.'·ft.::.·
~t~~~ ( (3J- 0 .:. ::•• - / - ;.!t../; ~ JL :! 3,F
v{ .3~/3
fj
,.y ·-,'i
J -<.
ol~r> .
'-- .,;....k.,~ ct-t..-1:. .v•d'J_j,"'-

-p / l--------
e~-~:__2_~
 ...
.,:. ·.

/ I -> II -> III -> IV-> V -> VI

·,

"-"\ 1// Liquidc

-
· Figure-3. S~.:Mma des Possibilit6s . de Transformation cristallines
. du Beurrf' de Ca(·no<87)

...·
....

I
Tablt>au-3. Classification des formes cristallines du beurre de cacao
ct ses poiL.J de fusions (0 C)(S_o).

Glddey Willie Witzel Chapman Lovengren Hicklin Davis

Vaeck Vaeck .& Clerc Duck .& Lutton .& Becker li.liner etaL etaL etal. .& Clmlck
(1~76) (1985) .
(1951) (1000)
.. •..
(1961)
:
~
(1964)
... (1966) (1969) (1970) (1971) (198G)

-·-
Form y y y i I a '· {f2 I VI I 1
MP 18.0 J 1.0 18.0 17.3 13.0 17.9 17.60
For1 a a a a f.. II {fl II v II II
., ·MP 23.5 21-2...0 23.5 23.3. ..;. 20.0 2.C •.C 19.9
Form P" If fJ' ~ Ill {f2 mix or m· IV u. Ill
a&/f
MP 28.0 28.0 28.0 25.5 23.0 27.7 24.5
Form fJ fJ fJ fJ' 1 IV pre fJ If IV Ill IV IV ·
MP .3.4.5 3.C-35.0' 33.0 £4 27.3 34.6 25.G 2S.O 28.1 27.90
Form fJ \' fJ fJ v u v v
MP 3-c.O 33.8 36.2 30.8 30.0 33.0 34.4
{t
Form
MP
VI
36.3
'.
32.2
f
33.5
\'I
3.C.G
\'l
3-c.l

.. ·. ~
 "'\
ct ., lA- -1.. .,. f .e., . "" ~ " . :: \,
I
'-#j ( C.lit. Ja C.~ Ctf =Cf/ u-lz. CH = Clf, Gil,._(~
(J(,_e~~,_ceo,
t.· , e e.

--~~-~~--~---------;~·h
. ·.·_: .• 7
..
1
'>pel<fruM NMP,.. H cl.r rrl.Lf/{ lu..,olf.aJ- ( f!rui:..cr- WPEl,BoM/4 }.

t
tt l i s 6
~C#lt.~Cfh.Clfz. Cf( "' C.ff Ctfl.CJi:
o ../... r1... M
Ujl,
n

CH 00: otz.~Cc.~~~
k~ f j 4 +{ fi

~ ...

'l~,B}

>p~r'UI"J Nl\,tR... tt

·~
, ' S t./ ! t.. I --
''~• 11.. · i~,or t~.U.. J lq~ ~. ~3 . 3C.f, 2.'{
. U,':f-9 ..· .tctS1 291Si U/ 181 tBO, ri

lt/,1~ . .l2.&0' ""''' ~.h 1'!0,09 ~,,, o2.Q,'Z.2.. . .14,u o4,'2."1

4 'l-i'0 . ZJt·'~~ u,,t~r ~)/ I'VJ,I) ~.·u.. .~Jt 1 t..1.. .l..'/,fo tio,sr
"/, II :,'2..,0/ "9,6o J.g,"f' -'~•5!i PrJ."'· .241~ .?.ffaltJ. ~.~~ -.
~l' .lq,(/1
~.t~ J.4,,r
"-'~•'"" tSai'T
~z.,,, I)C),'Z..) 110161

rt~,DI l.l,l/f 'T,3Z. ,~,ol ~~.V( .q,n. Jtf,?..l .¥f,t.l . JCI, l2.
~~
"''"' •,
130,2.0 .u-,1't t;Dpl 1/fifZ.. 2&f,tl ~~~~ J&e>,SC.

....--/ -t~t~.-2,~ ··'-lvl t'k/'~-q-'L.L--

1 I . I·
! . • •
L .j..JMil.. oirM.t NMR pu.lstd. $VI~ d.i., UnAf<otl1 unh.A.i.. ""-.
Low re.soltd-r-ll-1
fltful<011 selfd. -/Q.f (!(fll\~_t' C. ~Fe) u-M.u solld ·fa.+- rnd.tx ( SF!) 'I#J W'
f.rli"_J cl{IYJ lnr.twiY-r lcfl-\a.l:.. --. ~I pd. ht~ena.si, . ,n,w;•tsiUifo'ktt:
 ···-·· ----~-··-~
- 00 • 0 -.
0
··~ 0

. )o"C.
-0' ~0 'c...
0 ·: .:40t
20 )0

1~
liAS

8
ll'D·(~S
· . IZ.'"""''Jj""·
~-n.t.

T!J. 'fr O• - I'(_ ........_.. ''} •

,......, J

t /. I'
• \
·.·
•
J' .( ... 1

A 8 c

I
Figure-6. Thennogrammcs de· fusion de b~rre de cacao stockcs sous
differentcis conditions d'oxydation (A), diffcrente·s du.rce d'o~ydation ·.. expose a
lumi~re et a temperature tuitbhintc (B) ·ct a·· 90 oc a l'obscurite (C).
' . ·

r.
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.,: ....
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. 5~/~1:. · t8S3 I cnevre~/ +elah menfmukon :f'OI/ruarf~$~ Sf.tfSI-
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fj
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t:Jl"9mk..t:111 ~

c~+ ~ hetrluk.. __oi_ ---l p~n~

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sed.lk/1- A~ -1-.1-- btarl:.~
a

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•.-:

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r. ~ t:_c:.t-~ _n
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~ k..efh unqi;JftaJ1 :lerhe,tf-ul::.. 11 -Ire pie chain . . /eN{f&. '' L ~ AJwJ ~
Y9 f11/..fYI u~ kin I:.Arl hUl'kL{(. IV\{" kh ~h /<.om pa.l:.. • - ..

~ .. ·~~
C>CL 1"G'- tct... OCL LCtJ.frlpUI'ai)J DC I...
I 1I
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( ~:o, ":o, 10: t>) ' l1
(1B: "!!>) tS~/)
t---< -----:3·
£16 :o, io:o, '' !O/ (16!0)18:1,-"!IJ
$/"rut:..fu" l><!L. G(a,, Tf!L .

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~ JR.
-Rr~r~ N.P. '~Jot
.~
spoc.17 4bt. subee/1.
•• ~a~
(nm (fnf•l J dtQII\
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0 --- . 0 ·:, MO
ht>eatpna (
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• { OtiJZ.•tl,'/3
y f2.f
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nf'$ "'UnpUI\'f'J. beAiul:.. ~~~{ ~ Nl> 1g Mlrtp_.. ~·o ~ ~ ·.

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~pt-k. uv b~a. dl~u~ <Jf1e. rinMiuk.M ·t~ rk.p w':!f)

r51 a.ki W .sua:ht re~l:.s/ seperh• aMJox.t«a.sl .
. K~uqa.t;i d.lene __, puncat.. ~~1 .Pd.. 2..3o- w- ""
'lrlenre ___, .3 P'J'lC.A/t:... pd. : 2.~ t:IJu, Ut "'o,
~itt fep~ IJ~U..O. sediki'f ~" ~ /0Mfiqurasi il<t:dan rarqk
~ ¥r~~ -~ ~ r ·~ l'"d .

'
.
2.. .SpfC/.: fro~ ~:'.of I IR.. .
-----·----- ---
841\'{Q.I:.. d.t_Jur.a./:.al') fA,flt_ m.t.ntVJ;fr.Aic.&ifl . aaany~ ~~UI'Q,!i

+rans 1l.l"gcpf cz. 1nlertA.p~i - '1'8 OM-'.

--· ---4

3. N!Vll<... ...
I
u~A. (4./. jenuA { etl:oj ~.;;( e,sk!r- tN.Mbel'tl::.'
NMR -If
pu-g(lJeran kmuA. : 'INN.f w- Nh1 { f =o;l~j ·
e.rw
men·/ . (S = J,lrj.
~ Nli/ . (i =t,l.t J , ~ 1 {_ t:: 1,!8 J.
SfSQI\"{4. "( f::: l1?..t J.
c 1Yd>1 oiiA+/ ~ .,.,pier ~llfu"k pet ·f:s- ,. _.
tilt. ~kr ollft.Juk
a.,,.,, i.. ,«.
.
r::. ,,
99 . t« ·
~ ,, t:jl..( "H'alt'
•.
 \

..... u 1'2..S
+us.n

o ......
. · %SOLIDES
......... ..
Ac.L-IZ (
tL.-· (.,.::..
X Noon
)KTd.-IZ

--r-L-n

-060-11

. . . . . . IZ

IJT-IZ
-1
+.T~I:
5 10 15 20 25 30 35
TEMPERATURES DE MESURE (OC)
(a)
lt..J.PAC.
·. ·.·/ . 90
.... -~ .-.C8.
0 01..1::1 - (._- I ?..~S

50 •-•u. •, • I f I '.,

%SOLIDES Ao.z..•:s . 'sL -; ·~ ...

XN..I:S

30 %Td..IZS

-O,,.l:S
10
DT-IZI

5 10 15 20 25 ~0 ·T~I:ZS

TEMPERATURES DE MESURE (0 C)
(b)

Figurc-9. Courbcs de fusion des diff6rentcs prc!parations du beurre de cacao,

(aj tcmperagc propose· ct (b) tempcragc standardise (IUPAC)

COUI-P£S 1>E FUSION

... ;
 . -
&V • ' \"

lf.. SPEl< T(4.1)fVl€Tfl.vl MAS> SA •

-~\{0{Jc.. v - (·;;_~~j-_
,' j ..

E.skr ~/ jen,uJ.... ~m,~ti:..M - &p~~ MS pa.h ~/e. :

ij M+ (_tt111 mr;/~k..t.A.ft.r j 7 tlltf"'- ::: 1!./ ( !If?.,= C(Oif)OI-4~ J

/i.f-31 ( M-OCHj} , -;t( + 1'/ 11 [" C.CH2..} - ~Me j olQM

+
11
~ ((!1-fz.),..,
- J
_ -- ~~ny:t
IS" llf rn

~qs •mefN ~ { 1} ~ kansn·hl~

(
- ol:..s(gen {J.·.r-J,
pt.rnufusar. -_-1/Jt, r:ulrnman pel posJ$i t11.. dr 9&P ~ ..
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fl.. Clfl. Tutt utz."
~;

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steam

<~
':'IHYDROL YSIS I
. i
jsoLUBIUZATION] .··:... tree fatty acids
t .: : diglycerides
; hydroperoxidos Jorod compounds · · glycerine
(conjugated diaries)·------ food lip1 mori~lycerides
. I .
. , FISSION I DEHYDRATION IFREE RA~ICALS I
.J
l dimors;
alcohols ·· ketones trimers
cpoxides
... ~ .. alcohols
hydrocarbons

-'-- dimers
cyclic compounds

Change occuring during

. . deep-fat frying .

I
(

.....·
. ·......
... ~

Initiation: RH+0 2 ~ R'+'OOH

,..,H&I)\1 • •
RH-R+H
Propagation: R' + ol ---+ Ro;
RO; + RH ---+ R02H + R'
Termination: R'+R' -~>- R-R·
RO; + R' ---+ R02R \
l? ~~·...-'

l---"=-r ~\:-·\-~.~f'
RH
A
RH
R-R .i INITOATION

R•

ROO·
PROPAGATION

AH

TERMINATION

ROOH

Mecanis1ne de la formation d'hydroperoxyde

R"CHR' - R"CHR'+OH'

If
0 ·OH I~
0' RO

/
/'/ 1 Rll
R" R"CR' + ROH
II td/.::,
. . 0
R"CHO + R' R"CHR' + R J...tfon
I
~/d... OH R"CR~+ RH
II
0
J...t:.for'

Mecanisme de la formation des produits volatils

 .:·

Proauits o/o(ati(s. page 82

I Olea1e

____r='\._
g

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.J<" 'Z /02
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I
02
\
02
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- HOO/ OOH
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ll ll

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lj
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II

13-00H 9-00H

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\ I a
~
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HOO f l DOH

~
Hi-DOH
~a<
9-00H

DOH HOD .

~ ~
12-00H 13-00H

Figure-1. Mecanisme de formation des hydropcroxydes d'acidc

Olcique (C18: 1), d'acide Lilwlcique (C 18:2) ct d'acidc Linolcn iquc (C 18:3).
c Atdo /"..; t r;1.."t,J)
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'
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1
Jd./. ~ hn[ IA"'Ul>J0unw~ IYJ\.f -vx/"''{aqa9 Wff! · -,:f; · :--:r:;..,)d .r:(r;. -f' _, tt -~.li]
n~ ·"f1pJs:':;or~~-·<YJ1 t~~'/IJ.r. . ,-Jc)..;~)t1 r '1;i-:~·---J:... ,·-:-l .-'~··r:·r-~-:-lt;ii-:-1:·1 ~bn(
~~~WJ~dOJYJ{tiOuow- '::fVlf.U'dqtA.JfJ1-<J Gutr/wos,t'J:J r ...,;~,jo(J' ·-u-o~~A\Jaj
lt I
I

·.·.:·
OOH

J-2H·
0-0

t isomers

0
0
H

FJG. of
don M~hanian of 1,3-cyclization
$. m.Ionaldehyde (61). · of 12- and 13-hydropcroxides of linolenatc and forma-

Autoxidized Linolenata
o-o 001-1

~--0--( A

Sensitized Photooxidized linoleate

~~~ -0-ZOHC
... :
Sensitized Phorooxidized linolenare
A + HOO 0-0 HOO 0-0 0-0
t

D
E

OOH
FIG. 6. Structures of hydroperoxy "ycHc peroxldes.
 .....
.,

rabel ~ ~ . K.~mun!JJ::..Jnan pf.rnhentuk-an hJ'd_roperDks.ldo.. sik.l/k

daf'i h/cJ.roperof:.~ld tt f!Clak Jenuh f..

- Ht'clroperol<st'cf.A --t Pe/:oksld.A. til<.flk.

1 9-00H fld a,f::. ferberduk.
18: 2. • 10-- oof{ -~; mono pen:;k.~lct.o.
I'..- OOH * monop,erok.slAA
t3 -oof-( · tld. aK. ftrbenb.Jk

g ... coH ft"dak. ff.rb enfuk.

Jr:J - COH :j- rnr.;(lO da~ di. -. f':,ro/::.~tr}..().._
tO: J···:· 12.- OOH fYIO{)O pero/r:. S(dO..

I?> .. OOH mono pen>l::.st'cla... .

~~-ooH*" tr1~no cta11 di- perolcst'do..
fD- OOH f-ickt.K Wb€nfuk...

~ Ttd'o.f. ff.J--benfuf.:.. po. r;(~·· a.v..l-ooJ:.c,h!a.s/.

LmoiU~o..f . .. >pi- ~A .,
' .9-00/-f 1ot /'l.t J!
.,...... · ·11•V
~~

~
----;
Ot.
~ . --··-·. '... -- 1 13-00ff 9t Itt I~
~-·-···

•
\'

lA
'2..l)
perotsrd..o. £ik
+ +
-~
\ I
--..'( 9-oOH rot I'Z.C I
• IB 7.A,

,\)11 '1.1•'
;' .~

~pf ..lA 't.. .1.1?.. r-=v=vr-< Oo.

"-4-'
11.;-
j
~
lH 9CI'~t IS'C clatl sildil:
... OH 9CI:!>t 1St pucl:srd.o.
)tf 9C. ftc. IY t
. 1\ oo·
.r · pero~sr# sl~
0 Oft 9t ll.t Nt. oo• ~~
rryL.:.-w-=/ } !3 - OOH 9t' Ht
 • _ .,..t ..J..._ ~~Pn . ; -· ............
)/<$/DASf EN'Z.ffvJAIIK .·-···· ·-) . :;--·":.\;C.~..". l' '·-V) t.3.A~\ ~~~"' / : _, ,, )
---J - t_ .) "\. . . . . "-·
t!'- p_: rJfc."t,--· 1\:'-''"''·~~
rb.cCa ~VlaMaV! ban:ya.l:: WrJ..a..pt:tt- en:;..trn . yaJ,~ ~!JCU?~
~
b~c;;.·.'::.serJ.a."9 subtt-rr;..t yg Cl~&t a./. as. l1nokaX Lte~z Vt.-~) '/~
.,. d.t'uJ,ah rnetya.~ · (,sj ·· 13 hicJ.top.eroJ<s ld.D. - ol:facWca - ets 8 , frci.ns ~ ,,_ 4

d/enrYLt daJ.'l. f ~#t?.A..t {fl_)- g- hldi'OpQ.rOk.sldtJ - ~kta..d.£k.o..- frans -1'2•.,

17... - d, 'erlOC11 •
PenyuYJ.r'gCl. v, cl. im u!Ct..J... dg tnfl..fl !J cvn bt I l~t'r;tro!) en . dr ~ ( n- 8 J c/t'c
rtA. ~ I k...f rk..f · dj l"rJ tzKC{f/l.l Sfi1fL s i>h .

- CH.,_-
"f.)l"t;

\ . r:.-
~

.>'
3-r

·-'-.__)

rc '1-~
•
Ci-t'- . c;1.. ) ·- CH ( oo •) t
(llfR.
Z.i

' -f(.H
- CH (00 -
~ ~Q{':rt.____) l' .J.t+

- CH(OOI;
I

R.rwlc.sr CU'obrk daV\ t'lt-tae.rabk ~/($r'clo:.sl k.afo.ft'so.. - lt'poksfqeho.se cl

ut~m trnok. of ctpr ~ O.vtthaf'ka.l1 spf sk.el'zo.. §~ fJ.

1-/+-. E -. Ft.
l-f
• - - ROO
- , E-re t.+-~-ROO • .

Rook.~ i llO"Obi!<.

..,.,. tt + .
·f"e%.-I - 0
l.. --1 s.;..... f"-e ,~ "---~t, t:- Fe ~-- R 1

OL:J~l-c(·
~~~.,
·.. .- .. "1i
~ -Ho-';jtfz.D~dlmer,
l<D •/
.) oxo die{)()..) J
p-entaf\a.
l ~ '.dOtlt-_
Ana et'rjf>/k . ...----~

E-ti 2~'
c~ .: €fljo_,~, J. 'L E -Fe --- R.COt{
2.t ~-
!.k.(J}V). s-i. Dksld<-Ui ''pok.sida.sr;z 7f.rk.afaft'st~.. ar· tt!!V>'J lrnoltrJ.....,.. ·
~---

"'·'"' ..~

+lid./'of erok. s; riJJ.. '/9 ff.r-betrtuk bee9 avrfu""!J pet en<..tm C{a.V\ k~
)u!jQ oCef1 ttf ser1to... 'k.kal1all\· 02. ny(J...
&m-1-oh hebefO-/'-A r,r;_l\yOMJa.at-1 r.a.sl/ ok._~icla.s/
lmo/-etti- dtrtgafA. ~

l an"ftl.ra_ · 9 citt"t 1 ~- hld-rop-eroks(de. dtm""3k-um pP..d.a.

( hany~ t{t:gaHrbat'k.aVI ranfo..£ ~a sfd. c,y · .sa.;/.. / ..
#be(- .3 •

seca~ en 2...1 M a.hk..

. ..
lal)e!- 2 • ProrJJJ..k- produk.. ok.c;ida.si' l1no !"f!o;t
(_ ruj a..""fx;tr/c.!{V\ ra~foi @8 - f!.tl{
s;l· 7--···---------·-"·
2(.
"' .

0 OH
~ ~
ok. sod t'e/'0.. H ldro l<t>iai'eM ·

OH oH

~
X'( f~-:>r- e•. .c{:c \ --=t ~: r·--. ·~,. ·f

~
t·l,_. A ·--::.

l,

i- +l,d.r'O/::..ri -epokrt'ci...o.. t~-. - Hid.roksi ~pokr:t'd a.. •

_oH OH o oH.
-~>=./
6'
~0
~OH
(7>..- k.fJo/ f- k.f.fo( /C.efo d lo( .

oH Of-f OH Of-f

~ ~ ~
0\-\
\'
oH
d.- dro( ~'- dlol c;- dio/.

oH OH

~OH
H3C(CHt~o~.
, [Cffz..), C.O()H

+rio/ £kr ( ctilw.silf<D.Vt d.i" 9- hlc/.rofeJ'ek.>t'do..

"'!'
tmol-eaf d" · ~nfafA!J j p

li

13- ht'd..ropero/<.$r'd.o. · cJ.t'ho..s(lktu1 +eruteu~o. pet. /Q.cl.t{a,,i' J J<o.caKet ta"'t4

 ·~MiA~
..I .PP..ODllK. S-6 KUNDBR...

Produl<. otvrtaN.. . . llp~d. hld.I'Operoksicla. a~aJal, C(nyawa.aV\

. ~

"' rq td..k. rmbil. ·fJt..stdas( . leht"h laiJG4:t cl,t>i- b~ah · m-ell) aJ..-1. !eny
G ~a.~ lain m-e/a lui dd<:.omposisi (_ peMh ~rdul::.a11 ser.yaw~ tA:J!a.
...
'-'fru.t:/J un me!o.k. ul::.P.n J<g-,, c/f!!/lsa>i ./)te/s - lt/clJ.i' lf'tmt ().,fr:ut. eksi

P'lo/ekufc.r ~e.mbenfu.k n"/t;"LOrYJer ~1/<Ji'l:... a~f(.,{n pofifher { !~1\'

t.uaCUt, nov,- vo/a.f/1 ) .

Peml)erl.h:..lf~~ frn:J d.A.,(.f<. \;~{ a..h'/'

!Jekrm?post$1 hi&..rof-erokst'dtJ.. rnel'lghtJ.Stfk.411 sucrfu. ra)ilc.ct f hcht

y~ (6(, fa0GA:t krp u.fus pd. ravt-fetc" e Y'j ~n~tkvr.f- t?~1 oxyt:jeJ
f{a.sif rie.k.(JW{Jost~l 6ta.saYIA(a. bcff.AJJO.. fv.rCAI'Jat1 k.arbonil
1
((fkoAoJ
d.cu,, hr'd.ro kt!r~ · iJ., eka 11 isl't!£.fv...(tA .r-ep~ ·h · Ja ntlxu· - <.. •

Pr:::m bev~h..J.k-0. v1 prod. U.k.. 7-tO""V\ ~ v-o ( a..fd ~

Dia llfa.l'tt. J-eny0f.l,(Jo..af1 '1-'lO"YI- ~{~!)'/ Yt:; '"kr-h enfuk.. Malat,

SJ/:../r'"k. mCMOWt.er 1fj hertts a../ dr s-,'k./tra>t'. ·,nfrlul-f:.a 1-ek~fer- C«. to
fOlie na. ·
..
f.ep u- A· .- s;k..lo p-e rrfat-t.A. ,
'
.rrt./o N.k. . .rco1.~ , .tik.lo ~ clr~
o.ro I'll~ h k. kr,., a.s (.{ k. biSik. 111:.. N- ltti:sah tctro 111c/.a IU'.1:.. •

I~ lfOSt>l
..
•
llCJvt Vb/ctf,f
• •
ler 111 ~a(a.C-1 . sell yctwaatA
•
f>"ltfl'te,
f-er(..(, i ctllt l ().. dArner.

~
 ,
Mtrs·P-Asi II<ATAN R.ANGKAP ; .J'Ik.LISASf' . ~ VtfVl£Rt'sAS f •

· .oJc.sidas {.. pd.. ~fW' tt~2!, el..p-{-. rn.t.nyeb abk.aV? · 'k!r]'"'-~lV\ Y<
rnlq~~( .. :.tk.+ ~p. AAVI peL a~. pofte.nt;... bt.>a. "'U'-b e11tuk. .sutvt
·sert'{etUJiAa.tA !lk.t/'fc.- Senyawa.a.."' Stkfik. -tsb blsa.. b€1"UptA. J'tSJ
>tkfohllk:~ctt'IQ. J sr'k..foh ~e.no... ) slk.(oh£ksac(i'eno... ; b~n -t.ena ·1 1ncU'J
~ md~n yrAM!j dt.fl!j cu, mu~ah dttpa.t aA.'pr'so.l11~VJ d!M-1'
stn'(»..V~l CJ.$i'ldik. seceu'D. K.rls+ctlt'sas{ e0 Uf'e(i\ •

8
- C:Hcf{.=: CffCH === CH- -~
~
-·Cffz.Cfl = CHCH 1:
·'

c. c
t
r-J~
11:::. Ct(CHz._CH = Gf( - --~ - Of~CHCI-fCH = CH-
ic_;
e c t
· - Cl-f = C/-fCJ-f =- CI-t €.1{ - -7. - CH= CHCI:f =- C

A (JC 1'2..C lljt

--r··......
-'r
ce --) a:~ aR' ll...

R..' dan
. ' R.

.
A9Ct'2.C /r"C

~-
-~~-·--! 'It~
'V'
.
49 ( {(I IS
I
~
1 de
£\ 9 1 I?, tlf:
It' fl..'
..
P.. = Ef , 12.. 1 =. (C.H~.)f. CDOI-f o.to.u
e
R.. -= H~O ( 0-/~)b 1 R) -:::. €f

0
Skf.IY\9-- r-.w. pet'r1 bo\h.-t.l:.o.J/1 T'tlonosildik.

dlhn crtPrt '"' .. ··--- -lA AI

k.so.
• Sill__ ,- • - I I ,
 I

rt>Jer'lft< ~i as. fun o.f::. -tujaO/ km cfbaf\ ya .['!f!!·l~r- _Nc)i~ , .r eper-h · ,

.:.1.•·· ...

'<U1 ko;fctfis cla. y· f"ra.{<.s rIJYi 01;; pro tA.tt.k , pc 11;, erfsa.s i f! k> 1>1ttjc
~ .
~noi>\.Qr ; cl1rner c;{avt -f-rtfV)ef" dpf r:lt1akukav, d.!} dt'sfi'lasr'.
D1rner Wflenfuk.. b€f'.d.a.!C1.1'/<.ClCIJ smfr.So... Diets Afder a11ta~
W~u.8as( hasr'( -lrau.sfer fu~ e11_ ~
1..
fY\(}Yl))ert.r;.
C~rrtoA
"!J
cltmeri'sa.s(
suct/u. cUertet
d.l.~c;r,~AA..btxt'/~itt peL siG.rn..a.- .r~11. 9 '

--·)J.

~I CHL CH {l..7.-
/
{l} c = Cf/ {1.. 1..
o.slk.hk. ct,,..,,ef.
... ·.

...
i ;: ;; ... :, clrrrJtr. . '

:tm otavtOu-\..0\. · +u-u:fot#i.a. .

nu?..tt_ghttsrlkal1 asrfct"'tk · (_ YD 07DJ ~ ~~
&!N2f ' <.~J
()10I10S!k.l!k
: klafi d.t'eM.. --1 v tnOl1.t>s/lcltK._ lrr'lc) ~ A bt.s/!cfik. {'{of./
dt"'lr "'""er ·
:ti'Yl dtgCt.r,a..fc.avt
dttYJer- pol~arnld.a , s-eper-h· e<dt.5lvc !€pa itA
p::J.
lin prmftn.!J : SU.,.far!£ COo.:/"ln.:; ciaL-t k.( f->'/•. ,
;awt ctJ~el' 9'-'-!)a cU~ (AJ-t~ct'-1 ~ penc~o.t., t~orosr pa.do.
t.frt> trrn t a. .
 r
Pro!uits 'llofati!s. page 83

... :

3.6-Nonadicnal +Me 9-oxononanoate

~·

. . • ! !" • :
: ,· o·
~
,. ~

CH 3CH 2-CH==CH-CH 2-CH=CH-CH"=CH-;-:-C!1-f-(CH 2hCOOMe

.. . ... ·. : 9" :. . .
0 I
I

't'•
. _2 •.C,7~Dcatrien 11 +Me octanoate

3-Hexenal +Me 12-oxo-9-do4ccc:n!J&te

... .
.i.?":_U,.;~~.<.~~?··. "· ·.
CH 3 CH 2-CH=CH-CH=CH-i-CH-i-CH 2--{:H=CH:-(CH 2),COOMe
:
I
ll :
I
.
,.
I
I
.

2.4-Hcptadienal +Me 9-undccc:noatc

2-Pentenc + 2-pcn.ten-1-ol +Me 13-oxo-9,11-tridccadienoatc •·

...
i o· . -~
: I : . .
CH 3CH 2.:_cH=CH-CHl-f-CH-i-CH=CH-cH=CH-:-(CH 2),COOMe
: ll" :
I

't'
.
I
I
I

3-Hcxcnal + Me 12-oxo-9-dodcceno~tc

Cleavage at the arrow yields the products indicated.

Figure-2 .. Mecanisme de decomposition du Iinolena~ de mcthyle

......hydro pcroxydc .
. ·.: ..
 c

· !Proiu.its o/o(atifs. paoe 82

.~~-
-~ .-
'?i. PROOCitTS VOl-ATILS fOgS/8L E
Tableau-!. Produits volatils possible obtenus par '!a decom~C!sition de ·monohydr~peroxydes

.
ACIDE ISOMERIQUE %FORMATION PRODUITS DE~O~IPOSffiON
~ . ..
GRAS D'HYDROPER- Auto- Photo- : Aldeliydes/ AlciJols . Hydroc.arbures
OXYDE Ox. Ox. Ceions
•.
. .

Ol~ique 8-00H; A9
--~·.·.!

27%. l)~canaJ . deccne .

(Cl8:1) 2-Undecenal ..
9-00H; A10·. 23% SO% ijonana}· 1 - noncne
2~Dcclmal
10-00H; A8 .
11-00H; A9
23%
27%
50%
--
·Nonanal
Octanal
oetanol
Heptanol
octane
Heptane

Linoleique 9-00H; 610,12 SO% . 31% 2-Nonenal 1,3-Nonadiene

(Cl8:2) 2 ,4-l2§.9il~!!~1
10-00I-I; 68,12 18% 2-Nonenal 2-0ctbol 2-0~t~ne
12-00H; 69,13 18% ~-Hep!ena! l,Hexcne
Hex anal·
13-00I-I; A9,ll SO% 33% Hexan~l. Pcntnnol Pentane

Linolenique 9-00H; A10,12.1S 30% 22% 2,6-Nonadienal 1,3,6-

Nonatricne
(C_l8:3) 2,4,7;,
Decatrienal
; - ..... 10-00H; 68,12,15 13%· 2,6-Nonadienal 2,5- 2,5-0ctadicne
.. Octadicnol
: 12-00H; 69,13,15 12% 13% 3-Hexenal 1,3-Hexadiene
2,4-Heptadienal
13-00H; 69,11,15 12% 14% 3-Hexenal 2-Pentcn- 2-Pentcnc
1-ol
15-00H; 69,12,16 13% Propanal Propene
2-Butenal
16-001-I; 69, 12,14 46% 25% Propanal Ethanol· Ethane
16 q- J.f
 I

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n·
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1-
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l
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.B

·Ba.in-marie

A
· Echantillon

I
I
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I
I

I
de vapeur d'eau

I
[
!''
I
! Chauffe-ba1Ion

···:
· Figure 3 Couplage entrainement a Ia vancur-mil"rl'\rH.-f:n~·----
:.. -.-:;,;:::_
-·-·-·-- ... _,_~--- ... - ..

""'"···

Figure-4. Chromatogrammcs des produil.:; volatils isol6s du beurrc de. cacao noz, .
raffincS (A), raffincS (B) et :1prcs. I'oxydation pendant 12 semaincs ~- 90°C ct ?t
I'obscuritcS. Lanum~rat:on- des. pies du c"'lromatogrammc C "st · dificSrcntc de· ccllc
des chromatogrammcs I\ ct. B (voir tub! ... :u-2~c~·~.~ta~b~Ic~a~u~-3~)~.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
. ·.·. -·

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lr nt.fra£ a."fR.u . 'Jt~ -poW
j
j seC/Jh.. i'en...ctli C ltd>t - i:.o""ten. l v't41 de,.. Ubettc ) t>refalt«'
l MJ..NJk.a."(,6!1
p_ro_k_t_V!_.
C&4:1~ u ltpc..e<. ~ hat{lr:u-r hlfflfo!Xk a
•
l
Lrpcd. . ~ ~:k.rrJ/
1
csfu. I rttserldtt, I HI::. I!. {c(,lj'6ffJ!Orcl.. .
Con f.>&t ~: lef'r!afc. j ttrtAj aq a') tpos . .
~ ... ·'

lk.+ /1t d.,~f/1 1 Elel:.lr-os-kt:lzic. davt aroslarJ h i'!m ~Uti ,

II lk.f "/J w)u.a; attia~ ~'f:r ( fosfrtn:il:, 9-k'ci:ti.J:p/.4..
koteskrof ) iut'kxf- <f9 proofetl) s-eCcu'l:t. tlcataVI . hfd/'o_Je11,
I ·· elekfvosta.A.k, ~ /&~.~ '}tt.ya. MNofohdc.
~7 .·. ··~··em brttt"' pla.s(YLp._ , Ml'fo lcOYJ dl'!'fJ\. . . ds(J •

be"' ~I<
II .
lkf tco{/(l.fe!2_
a'7 sfru.k fur.
o.:f-o.J.J. a~. he.rc a.ban_j •
_,.
pofr'l at<a.rlAA
ufer 1
A.r
«tnida..
a.s. fWJa!:.
1
a:fa.u ·"JIIf;cst'd.A.

1
ai. h t'dl'rJJ::. si
_, llpo;otc'safc.arl~ & cJ.incltn!j .te.l ba.k.!--er-t'.

I
I
Nrm po{o..r
(;;: ~ ....:

it:;/a.f' ,'
~· fall:..af/
w·, C!.! ctJ , b-e_() ~&t.a..
efano/ ) mefayzo/ HC/ KOH
l
1

L l
Jk..f llaH JJ;. Wa./r;.
lk.+
I~

. ... Attii"':; e~ II~+ kOCK:tleCI(

( s-e.ho.qt'~ b(sor lcpuJ.) (. JK.::/- .f.J.pc.~- ;rroktr] J
_,,..,_ . '
II
I.
~ tru.rc.s, en 2.(/YJ •

I
 .. , --:·····-~~-~ .
l
j.
·~
1
I
l
.~ .. 1·.

1
t
J.
I ·'
Aktifasi dengan asan-. borat · atau · natrium · bor~t.. dapat memperbaiki
..
!
"' I
..·.. j>"emisa:Jan
. . . . ), . DG (d'IgIi sen'd a) dan TG(S-8
AT.., MG. (mono glisenda · •38-40)• •
Ii.. ·M.etoda ini banyak digWiakan dalam analisis hasil hidrolisa TG, terutama sec~~
euzimatik.
Is
i·

I I '

- - - · - 0

' 0
l' ~
~
0

I C)
"C
a0 <c: =·g CJ
l - ··-, -·· ............ - ~ ~
g
:a M· 0
u u
I
FPH :0
:2 ~
:3
0
l d: J: tt .
~
:I:

I·
!
I AL J.ENUH
· MONOENA TRANS
~&~~~~~~~~r.i-~~-......,_'~~1 1 ~.ss

I SES

.
I.
I
I
MONOENA CIS ~~·f~f-t~~i~?j~~l~~~~~~~~~~t~ sos
I
SSO·
I
J

ss.:.
sso
··:·. 000
·-·:

. (A)
(B),
. .
Gambar-8. T.LC-AgN03 dari pan1oleiv '.'G'P) dan palomei.. terhidrogenasi
(FP.I:I). :A) TLC metil ester asam Iemal'"Ya dan (B) T:LC fraksi
triglkeridik FPHnya de:ngan pembanding campuran TG (St,St,St;
St,St,O, dan OO(l) ~e.r:ta lemakcoklat. }rasa gerak Toluen : Reksan {il:2)
·~.rt~.pcwarnaan deng,•n diklor0.:2',7'-!luorcscin dan di•mati p•~~ 366 (.,; -J)
'-

I.

17
 .. o:··:>.<">--,:-.,;;'<"'~~;"~~.£i;l!i!m!\,·"J{.;

I
L 'ENt;EIJIBLE l>l: LA- ME.IHODOL06-!E D1 ANALYSE

to:'
DES MATIERES <7MSS£S tiYDROfi'EN£:5

HATIERES GRASSES ! _Uj··

illJ ~ -===============-~-==~~--=-=-=~ • . ! Est~rs m~thyliques
CPG f&
TR>.NSMETHYLATION

CCM siiice+AgNOJ .: . d• 4 cid•• J_LJ

gr4s totaux
'

· HPLC preparative . CCM Silice+AgN0 3 Satur'• •

.~ yio~n,:• trans

mtion de _;})J_ ~
·(~,::;·t:l
I
.JL__)
I
\rictions .

1 J-
...._
.f --- Mono~neo

(TENEUR EN Cl8: 1
cia

TRAN~

T~,LAT<~ . Ozonolyse ~

ll
j J
l ~ h
j1
~•• "A t~

lUJ
CPG
A A I

CCM Silice+AgN0 3
lJJ
CPG
J__L_j_~.
POSITION DE LA DOUBLE LIAISON
DES ACIOE:S !.'18:1 CIS ET TRANS
( ANALYSE TRIGLYCERIDIQUE )

...
I •rl

1 .,...;::.~·.,.-

r
01 l

1·-· . .
 ··'"'.

Aktifasi <!engan asalT_ bo.rat atau natrium borat d~pat mempe·:..-. :•iki
pem.is.i.~an A 1_;, :"viG (mono gliserida), DG (digliseridu) dan TG(S- 8•38-40).
Metoda ini banyak digunakan dalam analisis hasil hidrolisa TG, tcmtama secra
cnzimatik.

!-
I
0
0 Cll
0
E-<
u u Pl (.)
-o
0
0
""0-
< Q c::
t;.Q" t:l 0 0
~ l:
0
".::1 u... u ~
e:
0
FP FPH ~
::a ~
=='
0
u..e
~

~
.. tE

ALJENUH sss
MONOENA TRANS SES
MONOENA CIS sos
sso

SSL.
sso
000

(A) (B)

Gambar-8. TLC-AgN03 dari pamoleiu '''P) dan palomci- terhidrogcnasi

(FP.'l_t "A) TLC metil ester asam lcmalt~ya dan (ll) TLC fn1ksi
trigli!'eridik FPHnya dengan Jlcmbanding campuran T'; (St,St,St;
St,St,O dan 00") serta lemakcoklat. J!'asa gerak Toluen: Hcksan<cJ:2)
s,_rta _ncwarnaan deng;m dikloro-2',7'-tluoresein dan di:.>mati p:l''!" 366
l' Gl.

17
 I•
(A)

r
0
!C

~
!lJ
:r:
ct
::::
::u
fD
d-
fD
:s
lfl
IJ•

r (B) m
·=·
liJ

~
!lJ
:r:
c1"
::::
:::u
fD I J

L_~llv-
c1"
Ill
:s
L'l-
1-'•

1
14 !7 18' 19 20

Jumlah rantai karbon

Gambar~-5. (A) dar. (B) pl•:•t hubungan linier~ antar~a

l•:•g wakt•.l r~c~i dengan panjang r~antai kat'b•:•r• dat~i AL
dat~i suatu ~:r~or.Jat•:•gt~c:\m is•:•ter~mis <fL._= ikat.an rangkap clu.=.,
·,, = ikatan t'angkap sat•.1 dan s =
ikatan jenuh>.

10
 ··"".

ll
I
T~b!Ji~3~·Wfiil~i ~~ktii" retenii meffi:~fer aiii'iid~Ynak; pa"di ·
l
I
' . b.efb'a.~~ft~p~ ·(a:~a citir. k~~~~ ;~~~~~?'~q,_ou{~)·;~()~r(lO)~· ·..
l
I
Fasil Cair d~ Reiatlfwa!du rd~iisi mdil ester
!···
I
I Kondtsi yaiig (ligunakan 18:0 18:1 lt:2 18:3 20:0
lI
II 10°/o fasa, zooot
SP-~330 (50% fe,nl, 50o/. sianopropil) l,tro 1, tr ·},90
l SP-2310 (25% fehii, 75% sianopropil) 1,00 1.12
1,32:
1.?4
1;62
1,64 1,82
I SP-2330 (10% feiill, 90% sianopropil) ·1,00 1.15 1, t.-;. 1,82 1,71
I SP-2330 (lOb% siab.opropil) 1,00 1.18 1,49 1,91 1,66

10% fasa, :t3jl1{:

SiLAR-5CP (50% :te:WJ, SO% sianopropii) 1,00 1,l3 1,35 ·.,68 1,93
. SiLAR.-7CP (30% fepil, 70% sianopropil) 1 co ~.ii 1~46 ·.,88 1,80
'
SILA.R-9CP (10% :fep.U, <x>o/e sianopropil) 1,00 1,19 1,5~ 1,)9 1, 74
II S"iiAR-10CP (IOO% sianopropil) !,00 . I,i2 1,6·0 2,:4 I, 5'?

1 Pemlsahaii pada t1S°C

I
Il BDS (btftana~91 suk$inat) 1,00 1,11 1,36 1,75 1,JO
1.• EGA ( etilengJikol ac)ipat) 1,00 I, 12 1,34 1,72 1,89
I DEGS ( dietiiengijkol ~ksinat) 1,00 1,17 1,50 2,00 1,71
EGS ( etilenglikol su1cs~at) 1,00 1,20 1,56 2,14 1,07

Catatari-": dianggap bahwa waktu rctt.ns• relatifmetil ester st".ara'.: ~:18:0) c>c;.h'"l 1,00.
 G~ ..,.. .:.)
0 0 (Jl . ~

0 (D J (D (D ,.,
'
0T _._-'----b_,... -~.···==-··.--1. ~ =--..~~-· :·:'=··_....;,.....~-QJ~=~·~--~-~~-~· ~QJ~. ; __; :~::;:;;_~_;'3-~-::.~.-'.j) L-~0t4f1W
'- I ,.--·-----· ;::;:=;;;;'
..

I f
I I
·I ! •
1 j".l3GG
i,
; I.-, "r(j I
I"' I._, ·'I
l
·- ·: :·... ==-~====-=-----15.67~1
C.JJ.4Iill ·- _'/; ;)i! ; 19.010
:.•"-• IL.J I

ro!
... ' I
}
ll.f
...
_.
_;
oJ
V' j'

==•<::-:::.::.·:•::.·:::;:, .... ~== -='==~=;::---;-,_,,,.,,,__ -.. .: .,,...===========================-:-.:-===-=

~cr~a~~zed Percent Report .
~===~~====:~~=~~~===========~=========================~=~~~~====~==~= ~
a File Nar.1e . ...
~~fEH\1 \OAT.A. \04049 4 \F.A.TMAB ..0
rator
· trument Page Number
ple .Name ' .
...... J.·,;.JJ::
Vial Number
·. T~me Bar Code: InjectiJn Number
· ired· on· · ~:J·,~.enc:e Li ~c
04 Ap 94 07:01 PM
6r"t: Created on: 04. .\pr 94 07:28 PM ~~atrument Method: r::o Lc. ~.--..-~ · :-;
~-. nal·fsis Method : JL'). :". . .,
C 2 !·fAR 9 4 0 8 : 3 8 AH
cip.!.ier Sample Amount
IS'l'C. .A.mo'..lnt
.-:::...:~.t:M\1 \DATA ~~;-::. ::94\FATMAB.V

l
.......... ·- - -·· .. '·.~ ·:'v'oe t.Vidth Ref// .-. ·...
-. .. :.:__I .• ,. ·····-1--- . _.. ____ _
~~. ~ ~: ~- ·;; ·· ·)t ;. v..!:1d *1 • .•

lt •:-~c;, :_;1:
·~ .. ..::1d * ...;6 .
·:a
X :·
fount::'
i:. ·• ~.:; ti .:· . :
.· ~ - C10
1·"..... 'l
• I ,J

)5.6'/3 -;;. :j_

.. ;, ~·.(. .. ~ i
.1.~48
'). 85~
::12
Cl4
I • o I I • • :
.
•. ·' ,. ': ·~:. ·.; ~i .
;.
( 4 0?. •I .L95 '..!16
1) . . c 1 ·.. .. " _, ':· ·7,· • . •
'·
·.S4
l:. . 7 '3 ·.
Cl6
1·. (. : l.
.. 40', .;:.J4 C1B.1
r:;;\ ·. ·: :.
J •.
"'. ~; '.· ·~.

'J. 695
.!..77 1
1
~- ... "J':J7 c:.. c;. 2
1',,}10 '"':~J
; .

.:. ... - :: ~- .. .:.J .: .. ~

 ··' ~
9rf(j figarogtnks. page 18

0
C1a:·r trans C16

C18
C18:1 cis
... :
"' C14

_ ___,. . . . . _
_j '- - '-
Esters methyfiques des ~~i_de~~~~ __ to~~~~

C16
B

C18:1 trans

C18

_j '- -
. C]4 -;L
'
Esters methyliques des acides gras saturcs et mono~nes ~an~

c C18:1 cis )

Esters mcthyfiquc!; des ac!des sr~:; monocnes cis

I
I.
i f-"igure-5. Chromato:::-ammcs des esters mcthyliques des acides gras de FPH
i
! totaux (A). Ir.Onoin.s;Iturcs trans (B) ct monoinsatur~s cis (C).
i ...
I
I
I!
!
 ... :

Tablc:m-2. Composition en acides gras des fractions de palme non

hydrogcnee (FP) et hydrogence (FPH)

I AC!DES GRAS
I QUANTITE (%)

.. FP FPH

C12: 0 0,5
.
C14: 0 1,4 1.1

c ltl: 0 32,6 25.8

cu!: o 3,0 7,3

<:; 18 : 1. cis ~....... . .

48,8 15 .I

trans 50.4
-
c (Q; 2 13,8 .0.3

·-

Tableau 3 : Position de Ia double liaison ·des acidcs gras CIS

cis \'I 1rans, dctcrmince par ozonolyse de FPH.

I . Quantitc (%)
EM EM Position double
(mono acid<') (di · acidc) liaison CIS: 1 trans CIS : 1 c:s

C12 C6 oo12 !.5 0,6

:

·c9 C9 C•l9 19.4tclardique) 6.3 (clciquc l

cs . c,o C•lS 16.8 3.6

C7 c,, C•l7 7.5 1.4

C6 CJ2 W6 5..1 3.3

cs ·CJ3 Cll5 iraccs traces

I
i
 -.;J
i
.. I
(
•' ..
1/P '"' I
. . _r':r v , . ':• ·. . ."?
::»A '0 ~
-,v, 1 'i}wo ' ·I
\. -t{ ""7 5) -:'\ -}- . \. -:-1 - '-"'"~J_ ~1,.....
v
()- ..}I?/-~'- O~ 7:.(--:..noJ; l.h 1
a;; __ ., o
~ ·~ (
. . • '- , •' • , /.' I'J·-t 7
I
I
I
Ij
.... ,
~;""~·~ ./:t./:· -~_t;t:.,'~:·J:~
 \~~~----------,r-\1________,. . .\ -1
I

;·-· ......_.. : .....

,• : .. :·
Dl£t]I1I!<J:ll!i~J!%.)!J,'11\Illk•q-llH'"Bllii\1i! .~"~ ,ilfO'O'i>'••.;:;\ll;ii J/!!lib qcc~ iL9U2
I

Ei«L2 A .0 0 o
qc -g;R

ca.
'...
.i"~"
'i"
CtO~

... :
'.
·.:· .:·
CIS CIO

..
E2tGt2 ill~(li1H'tffi1~d1Cfuc#p~llfdWbqq>ePI15\.J6~!hr~ctt,QifGH6yi\Je.sqc2°t~C!EiG~Gg~ {orsmc qG. 1:1)
,....
- -

~
- [Y l
:J '
I
~ .
' .
.

..
... I
C"
( ~
·l
c"
N
·~

\" .I .I

.I
· .~ !
C><l c.o

- .
'

L ..
ca ~ c•
' •'--"
..:j':l. ..\•')t;
Cj"i\.itS ,.
!. l..
WC"HD ~Al.;r~
c••
.
. ca~
. ~..,. A..,l· . -
. co Q1C">'
.. --~- . .J .
. . ·: . ;;:·. ~.
 quh~f fl!wwn?.f-ijHIJ·:ifq!\1twn~J(!m z~prrri;! : · · · ...--/--- ___
:An!!n J.C J.m1R 1.~!tHh.r.e{·1-.bt.UCktG\Ml~-m~:,~c~~n~!;;m~f'~1t~~~ ~'Nl1p\iry i,:ms <!~m.1:1 <rrn
J!UCJC'f-c IfG\!-!if-~jbqc~~tPJP-fh. i.~t~Jf!~~2P~Rffr-~~~IYJ! ·~iiji?.~1iq'.~ll.~.·o-H:c~~ ~~~u ..
(!{cAc1!.'20 b1frr?.~~-liB'-'btk'Clfbi~~"€~~.oliP-&ftr.~bn~- ~N'lt&!~M1Wp~~9}H~!~rm~vpu :~q~Ji:rp _

vnu1!~!2 J.C q~~!~bie ~l!H{Bfi 'fl~fffjl~hJIRb{.WlfflHr..H~fi~!etlfi~ihlPqGJR9n- If.-;-nbrc

i
\·
'
j

.·•
··-······ ··-·-

CI!J!ij(rYY.:m qrm8~fil~r:m qr.nR:m CC"

mGJ~rnr-mf DGJ<'!JJ·R~~~£I~-!Hii1\IJI!~MU:~t ~~ijlw.fhR!'e~~Hi.~JfflffiP~J l!ff!IJC nHmfiJqu
~-. D~1iJ:1C :q(iirri~<rf::i't)1BI:ffij!Wrnd~!hY.ffiWRf,'5btff~~!t~tYd!r-m~JYp$J!i{Ht! mcmm:l'~f.!If!CUH

··~· . •''!/•
 .-
,; '
.
- -fll;., .
(:[C.

fu.(n..t on Otll R.~ l... - 300 •

'

I .I

I . ·L-.. -·

I
I_

I :
~~:;~~----~~----------------------~----~~~·l~~-
ift..

~~«;
il

'1"' ..

I T"CN • ; . '

i ~~-'f~
"'''
'/1-,3 i
'N,·f -- I
C/"1};" ' . ' . . )_'.~ "-_,~-:~'· t~>~--~~:-i1
II ':i·

1-IPLe • _..,
I ECN. ..- (N - ..t-4-
.£CN .:: -c.,u7 vq/en Cnt~ ~
Il .. . d =- (J:.J- rk.p •
i J
;
TOJ = . ECI{ - l l!;
Tcf\1: iltt.N'+,"CAJ C, N . ,
I
..
Ui ~ .fa.K/iJr .vcf.!G{?':~~~{~~~b
6.: OJ(, ;,· ;
E.: o, L . l
L .:. O,"f ..
~a,r ... 0

F'Oo

?LO

·. '• . --~- -~,.;

CN
... . . ,
a:~
 f
I
I· ..
i
I

I
,.I·
l
!·

'
1
i'
'
'Fableau-4. R6sultats de.· J'analyse.- CLHP et CPG de fractions A. B. C et
• de. J~ fr:K"tion de palmc hydrogen6c (FPH) •
.
FRACTION INTERVAL~I;
cuw NOMBREDE
-
.
Ncr QUANT.ITE
CARBONE (NC)

46 I. I
A 44.0 - 46.8 48 0.3
, 50 1.9 11.9
52 5.5
54 3. I

48 0.6
B 50
47,0 - 48,5 11.1
52
70.3 -·
49,3
54 9.3

50 3,8
c 49,0 - 50.0
52 8.9 16,5
54 3,8
-
D .:..__
51.2 - 54.0 52 - 54
I .3
-

(
-- \
 DETEP...lVI!N/t-TION r>E LA FRACTION C
I
I
B
II '
I '
NCT
I
f
49t0 -f:OtO
I f

I
HPLC.
I I

I
I
I

II ......
I NC.
I
I
I
!

I
!
CFG--TG-

. ...' ·

&LYCER..IDE~ ''\
N.C. NCT CRUANTITE

j· ··~ . fp
/.1Sf
r'f
r . 50 50 .6,8 ~ 3,4'
so 6"0 fr..
PO Sf 52. llfJ, :z. j , 3,/
PE Sf 52. 'la,R f1,.9 < 5,&

s-r- et: 54 'l,,

'19,6 )
.!f-OE S"L{ l.ft!J, r · a,& (
j,L..

(
\
 .•
... ,r;
. I

I I
'I I
,_, ..
.I
·,•
8
c. .·.

' I

··:·
I.

I I,

••••
~· ·.
I§ I
..
..
.I.

,
:~ .......
;;;,~ :
~.,...-
.,~ .
.
.-· ·- 1 , II

..:
i - - ..... I :

.I
I' I
I ·''
n I
·' ....
• I

... ,·..
j I
.,. '
.......-l···
. .,
'I

....Fraeuon A Fraction C
.
:.· ·.:/.·~:./',:A~ ··:.,I ···.I:. I,.\',·. ~····. ~.... : 1
• SO·
~ .":".;·;:··:~:·.~: 7 ~L-"-
~~.·
· ·~ i<romato~a·m
.· . ·· ..·
utLC prepiraitif Bidr.ogcnasi
~..1~-·--·-- ... ~ . . __..:,.. ---
?almolein
. . ...
·. • • ·-\ • -· ~ I . F.taetioo s

., m
. ,\ s :··
IJ' . ~I~·~·
:( . . 1· ·• I
•o
z N
on.
I 0
II)

~ .g I

:·.•. ·r r
ww
wg·..·c.o~ :::S:l:
wg
w w
QJ •-

.§. . wtuc.
0
.....c.::!:: ~
~ '-''
.a..gig
. .. .....
ll.·
UJ. .~·
Q.<ll
a. "'.
w
.(I)
(I)
+
n.
0
c. c.
a.
+
a...
.
CL

-~
..
:i·
(I)
CL a.
c.
.. ' . GC dari frabf A, B dan C.
..
Gambar-7. Krom~.togram HPLC dari Palolein (I),'Pimotcin
terhidrogenasi (ll) '1~tn kr~matogram GC dari faksi A, B dan C dari
palolein terh.idrogena.t?~ .-. __ .
.,
., I'

.I

,I

'.. ' I· 16
 - ---··-·· ... ·----------·-··-.-.-.-~~..,

·""

I
I Tableau 4 : Composition triglyceridiquc des fractions de palmc non

l ..
,
.. -.
hydrogene (FP) ct hydrogcne (FPH)

..· . Ot:JANTITE
..f.···· ...
FP FPH
1G l'C NCE Ncr (%)
% Fraction
..
QL S4 44 40,8 0,6
R.L Sl 44 4.1,6 4,5
·.
MD so 44 . 42,0 0,8
ao 54 46 43,3 1,8

11,7 0.9
R.O 'l 46 ~4.0
RE S:! 46 44,6 - -
PlP so 46 44,8 8,9

),IX) .so 46 44,5 1,4 o.s

ME 50 46 45,1 - o.s
1.1£ ~0 46 45.6 - 0,9
A
.MCP 48 46 45.2 1,3 0.3
ME'
. ,,
-&H 46 45.8 - 1.1
·MMSt .
... .
46 46.0 -
0::0 S4 48 45,8 5,2 1.6
CXE
<IE
s4
54
48
48
46.3
46.8
-
-
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1.0
rro .S2 48 46,5 40,1 4,5
-
. ..... ---- :~
RE ~2 48 47.1 - 49.3
l£E 52 48 47.6 -
.
llE 54 48 47,4 - 7,3 .

roP .so 48 47,2" 16,2 . I 1,1

PEP
ppp
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48
48
47,8
48,0
-
o.s
B
0.6
PStM -&II 48 48,0
).

so 48,5 5,0 2,0

StOO 54
-
···.'stOE 54 so 49,1 - 1.2
· StEE 54 so 49,6 - 2.6

POSt ~
~
2
2
so
50
49.2
49.8
1,9
-
3.1
5.8
c
I'C:St
- 0,1
StPP .so so 50.0 3.11

StOSI 52 53,2 -
SIESI
5"
.54 52 53 .II - 1.3 :
D
StStSI 54 54 .. S4,0 -

M = Mysi.stiquc : P = P:tlmitiquc : St = Stcariquc ; 0 = Olciquc : E rcprcscntc

I' ensemble d_cs acidcs gras Ct s : 1 trans : L =Lino!ciquc
 Graphique2

... :

cholest~ro1

6 8 10 12
durcc d'oxydation (scmaincs)

l~
:!
...

Page 1
~:.. ,_ ·---· - ~-_;.:-, ~--h-·-· .--:-: .· -
·.··.·.-.~- ~~·.-.._J;.• ·!-¥.~"-.-·.:~"'·-~,- .•-,. ......"'-7:-:: ___ ,_.,_:,..-._._.. ;~ •./ ... !_....~!o~-~--~. _..._,·;;;.,~·.~:;.:,.,.._~ _·;,._;,.._:_~~~:;:~~ ...!!>;tl.:~~.. h;..,.~..,.::-~-~-- ··-· ·-·- -~- . ~ -~ _,.,.,_,_ ----
:
:J () I)
;
!
l
ij Graphique3
i
l
l.
!
i
i·

]I 'i

insapo-oxyde (234 nm)

3000 T
2500

•· R90~INSP
2000
0 Cu90-INSP

~Tm90-INSP
ppm 1500
¢- R90-INOX

· -.4- Cu90-INOX
1 OOQ.-.
-A- Tm90-INOX

500

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
durc.l!e d'oxydation (semaines)
r ..
·;\llo

Graphique5

gamma-taco Pherol

ppm ·:;+·-R~·Go

+ R-90
20
10

...0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
durcc d'oxydation (scmaincs)

""'- ......
~ . .;: .
Graphique4

alpha-tocopherol
..

5 ~
ppm
4 \ __ ·:---··
-II·

a R-4s
R-L

--+· R-60
3
+ R-90

-J..- RCu-90
2

0 +---.&--:!:
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
durcc d'oxydation (semaincs)

Page 1 I
 Insapcmifia&fu O)(]llles. paoe 137·. :''
~· ..,. ..
~.·. ··,.,, ,• -~ •..· ·.• .
t t-.I -i .- I ;.·' .........
I • 2.3-4 nin .

/.T.
er.

8 10
Time 0 20 ain
e~~el,ine • ol f
~i!U!Il Plot w~ttorl'

Figure-S. Chromatogramme CLHP ~e tocopMrols observ6s A 234, 268 et 294 nm •

·-•......;.;: .
. ·-· ··-·-···-····· .. -·o o......
i
f&-'ITmE -·j
(J.(X_ It'"
4
!. . ~ >11!lMA~TliRO!.. l.
I

I
i
I
I
I :t GAMPE:~lEfWI-
!
I

.:o·: ..~ .... ·.~

1 ::. :.· . ,: . .,.; .
.,,
. :~·t/·..
• 0. : - , : • •• • • :; •• · :

·: 0 \ • ·~::·· i·

Lti •

f.

F.'!Jurc-12. Chrom:1togrammc de Ia fraction st6rolique du bcurrc de cucao. (1)

Cr•. lcstcrol, E.I. (ctalon intern) Cholc~tanol, (2> Campestcrol, (3) S1 igmast6rol. (4)
fl-SiiMrCorol ct (5) tl-5-Avcn:ISicrol.
 - •• - ---··---- >
- .. - ..
···~-·--~---·

. ·i
I
i
I

'··
.·~ ~·
-<<

,.

s R=
Ho

r ... ··.
 -""_,,._~_., ___ ~~ ;-~--~ -- ----------- ~---~- --- ........ -.:----~-
,...,. • .,-r~M---~........ ,_ -

... . . .•.-~:,t!:i;d,iti~~-:;:.~i~ ~----:;:.:.;.~·-- . '""'·~--- ----·---- .. ----·-· .. . --- . --- --~~-- ---~r:~~~~l

..::t,.\,•• ' •

,.
'
·\.:. ·--

... : .
Tableau- !a. TENEUR EN STEROLS DU BEURRE 1)p CI~CAO

-
AUTEUR . TENEUR ( % w/w ) '
chole campe stigma· 13- AS-avena A7~stigma
st6rol s16rol st6rol sitost6rol sterol st6rol
' "
., -J

Chaveron (1967),(2) signa16 9 24 67

Itoh et al (1973),(15) 2 9,1 26,3 59,6 3 1
Braco et al (1976),(16) 1,3 • 1,8 3,8 - 10,5 23,7 - 29,5 58,5 -64,9
Lerckcr cl a! 1.9 9.4 26.1 59.5 1.8 0,4
(1981),{17)
-~ Lecerf (1990),(6)
t
0,6 - 1.3 8,9 • 10,6 24,5 - 29.~
tt~
58~9 • 59,5 \ 0,6 - 2,7
~-
,,
«

fl
Tableau-lb. TENEUR EN TOCOPHEROLS DU BEURRE DE CACAO

l
r---'

AUTEUR TENEUR EN ppm

a- ~- y- S-·
Tocopherol Tocopherol Tocopherol TocopMrol
'
'
Feeter (1974),(18) 6,8 - 11,1 25,8 - 107 7 \
Multcr.. Mullot (197 6),(19) 18,5 ~· 3,9 I t96 14 ';I
·-~

I
Gertz ct Hermann 3.9 - 15.6 0 -11,2 ° 73,2 - 96,1
(1980),(20)
Lcccrf (1990).(6) 21 389 7
··j

.•..

.·_;

.. ,•
r•
.. ·ll
.T .:.:.
.......,..~·
.;
......'} .....,
..~-)
;,'",:)
...__
,_:..<,:
., j
..\/..::":~· ...
....· -:··;
\::'~,
,:
,)
:{
.. :.j
j_
..>
._/;:.
 ..... ·

,--- -; ------------~--

'0

; .' ~;

~~~ "x'

~ cy-A'V\~ c~CCtK 0l. \~-\-o"

(~""1" ~\Jv~ QH flivi~

,J' \_

[~

.,;~· '•! '

 urr _,rc-.fuJt, ~ ""~".-/~"cJJ
['/~--~-~ i.
-V
 .
~..: •.

-· 1;...........
i ,.. ..• • .
; "ll'J. l . t t-t,- ..,.

. l •

.,

.'
2.68 Mt·
....

. :

J.T. ..

·~- e.a~•l;h'l•
.,.,.,
• o!f
rWMI Plot

Figure-S. Chromatogramme CLHP de tocopMrols obs~rv6s h 234, 268 et 294 nm.

. . I
••.•-..: . .
', •••. ..·.• -· .••••
·.~-·-··!"""'••

I
I
.
,f"
Q _,,rom;_-~--. A
.. p.JX_ . t""'t.

. ..r
f
I

tl'
AS'-INEN!t
Sl'SRDL ,

'
Clf"L.~L.
~ ,!

~-

F:gurc.;J2. Chromatogrammc de In fraction st6rolique du bcurrc de cacao. (l)

Cr~.lcstcro!, E~I. (ctnlon intern) Cholc~tnnol, (2' Campe~tcrol, (3) Stigmnst6rril. (4)
f\-Sitn~H:rol c~ (5) 6-S~Avcil:tst~rol.
 .,,
i ...!
' ' ~ I•

...

HoYri
AJlo~R

r
 '~
,
.. ...... :· .....,. ..-.::. .~~.
•oo'd
 ~:::- <-:

· : · .... p .. "'"l··

;; .f' '·r..
.,//JJ ...........
'
!
,/
I ...

\
\
... •.. ·
Tableau-la. TENEUREN STEROLs DU BEURREDECI~CAO

~--------------~----------------------~---------------~--~
AtfrEUR TENEUR ( 9f, w/w)
cholc campc stigina· P- t.S-avcna A7i.stigma
sr6rol
. .~
Sltrol rtdrol dtost.Srol sicrol si6rol

..
Chavcron (1967),(2) dgnale 9 24 67
Itob ci ai (1973),(15) 2 9•1 26;3 59,6 3
Braco et al (1976),(16) 1,3 - 1,8 3,8 • ,10,5 · 23,7 • 29,S 58,5 -64,9
-Lerckcr ct .al 1.9 9.4 . 26.1 59.5 J.S 0,4
(1981),(17) .
Lecerr {1990},(6) o;6 • t.3 g,g •.10.6 24,5 ~ 29~3 58;9 • 59,5 o.6 • 2,1
. . ··:~

Tableau-lb. TENEUR EN TOCOPHEROLS DU BEURRE DE Ct\CAO

-. ..
AUTEUR TENEUR EN ppm ..
a.- ·~· r- 5-.
Tocoph~rol Tocoph6rol TQ,coph6tol TocopMrol
.·....

'
Feeter (1974},(18) ~.~ - 11,1 2S,8 . 107 7
Mullcr.-Mullot · (1976),(19) 18,$ ,_. 3,9 196 14
Gertz ct Hormann 3.9 . 15.6 0 -11,2 73,2 . 96,1
..

(1980),(20)
Lccorf (1990),(6) 21 ~89 7
·j

.. . ~ .•