RESULT

Table 1: Result run 1 (Speed: 10000 rpm)

Flowrate Tin Tout dp2 Total dp Power Efficienc P hyd
(m3/h) (oC) (oC) dp1 (mbar) (mbar) (mbar) (W) Pel (W) y (%) (W)
34.277 39.648
0.0000 3 4 31.2988 19.6777 50.9766 99.6094 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

34.277 39.648
0.0000 3 4 28.2227 19.1406 47.3633 91.7969 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

34.277 39.648
14.2881 3 4 24.3652 18.2129 42.5781 93.7500 219.1689 7.7104 16.8989

34.277 39.746
30.1219 3 1 24.7559 18.6523 43.4082 136.7188 318.1753 11.4153 36.3205

34.277 40.332
51.7361 3 0 23.2910 18.8477 42.1387 181.6406 406.1033 14.9120 60.5581

34.375 40.625
72.6994 0 0 22.0703 19.0918 41.1621 222.6563 480.0491 17.3157 83.1239

34.375 40.722
86.3875 0 7 21.0449 19.2871 40.3320 240.2344 502.3635 19.2655 96.7829

34.375 40.820
95.6105 0 3 19.7266 19.4336 39.1602 246.0938 495.8975 20.9728 104.0034

34.375 40.820
100.9197 0 3 19.1895 19.5313 38.7207 244.1406 484.0088 22.4266 108.5467

34.375 40.820
105.4268 0 3 19.3848 19.8242 39.2090 255.8594 506.0469 22.6905 114.8244
 Table 2: Result run 2 (speed: 11000 rpm)

Flowrate Tin Tout dp1 dp2 Total dp Power Efficie P hyd

(m3/h) (oC) (oC) (mbar) (mbar) (mbar) (W) Pel (W) ncy (%) (W)
33.496 36.523
0.0000 1 4 34.1309 19.5801 53.7110 117.1875 0 0.0000 53.7110
33.496 36.621
0.0000 1 1 31.5430 19.3848 50.9278 117.1875 0 0.0000 50.9278
33.496 36.718
12.6009 1 8 30.0781 18.9453 49.0234 138.6719 358.8311 4.7820 49.0234
33.496 36.914
31.5922 1 1 29.1992 19.3359 48.5351 183.5938 460.8383 9.2424 48.5351
33.496 37.695
57.5479 1 3 28.2227 19.7754 47.9981 263.6719 639.9747 11.9891 47.9981
33.691 38.085
82.6297 4 9 26.2695 20.5566 46.8261 324.2188 738.5399 14.5528 46.8261
33.593 38.281
94.7765 8 3 24.3652 20.2637 44.6289 332.0313 731.2687 16.0671 44.6289
33.593 38.281
103.0329 8 3 23.0957 20.5078 43.6035 332.0313 705.9614 17.6772 43.6035
33.593 38.378
109.4384 8 9 22.5586 20.4102 42.9688 333.9844 703.1258 18.5775 42.9688
33.593 38.378
113.0075 8 9 22.3633 20.4102 42.7735 335.9375 704.0232 19.0718 42.7735
 Table 3: Result run 3 (speed:12000 rpm)

Flowrate Tin Tout dp1 dp2 Total dp Power Efficie P hyd

(m3/h) (oC) (oC) (mbar) (mbar) (mbar) (W) Pel (W) ncy (%) (W)
37.695 38.427
0.0000 33.7891 3 7 21.3379 59.7656 162.1094 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
37.695 36.425
0.0000 33.7891 3 8 20.8984 57.3242 166.0156 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
37.793 36.132
14.2881 33.6914 0 8 21.1914 57.3242 199.2188 538.9004 4.2218 22.7515
38.183 36.572
38.1016 33.8867 6 3 21.8750 58.4473 300.7813 803.6499 7.6973 61.8592
38.964 33.642 102.578
65.9939 33.8867 8 6 22.3145 55.9570 367.1875 920.7809 11.1404 3
39.453 30.615 129.595
87.8198 33.8867 1 2 22.5098 53.1250 410.1563 968.0043 13.3879 2
39.648 29.101 146.817
101.9262 33.9844 4 6 22.7539 51.8555 437.5000 997.0493 14.7252 5
39.843 27.294 154.605
112.3027 29.8828 8 9 22.2656 49.5605 439.4531 978.1686 15.8056 1
39.843 26.513 159.574
117.5335 33.8867 8 7 22.3633 48.8770 439.4531 960.4641 16.6143 4
39.843 26.171 165.023
121.4254 33.8867 8 9 22.7539 48.9258 435.5469 936.5193 17.6209 1
Discussion
Based on the experiment, the objective of the experiment is to study the characteristic
curves of a centrifugal compressor. According to the experiment, a centrifugal compressor was
used in order to study the characteristics curves that consist of Pressure-Flow rate curves,
Temperature-Flow rate curves and Efficiency -Flow rate curves. Three speed were used in the
experiment which are 10,000 rpm, 11,000 rpm and 12,000 rpm.

Plus, the characteristic of the graph can be obtained and determine by the plotted graph
which the assorted parameter was shown in the graph that representing different speed of the
compressor. Each of the speed has shown different readings. Here, the speed influences the
flow rate, inlet temperature, outlet temperature, and also the efficiency.

Temperature (°C) VS Flow Rate (m3/hr)

42

40

38
Temperature

36

34

32

30
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Flowrate

Outlet Temperature Inlet Temperature

Figure 1: Temperature VS Flow rate for 10,000 rpm

 Temperature (°C) VS Flow Rate (m3/hr)
39
38
Temperature 37
36
35
34
33
32
31
0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Flowrate

Tout Tin

Figure 2: Temperature VS Flow rate for 11,000 rpm

Temperature (°C) VS Flow Rate (m3/hr)

45
40
35
30
Temperature

25
20
15
10
5
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

Flowrate

Tout Tin

Figure 3: Temperature VS Flow rate for 12,000 rpm

 From the graph above, there is a comparison happened between outlet temperature and
flow rate. From all the three graphs, the initial temperature for the speed is somewhat the same
to each other. In the first graph for 10,000 rpm shows the highest temperature which is 40.8203
°C. In the second graph, the highet outlet temperature for 11,000 rpm is 20.5566 °C while in
graph 3 , the highest outlet temperature for 12,000 rpm is 39.4838 °C. According to the theory,
the compresoor generates more heat at higher speed as the rotation in the rotator rotates more
when being compared to lower speed. So, the higher the speed rotates in compressor, the
higher outlet temperature produced. So, in this experiment, the outlet temperature for 12,000
rpm should be the highest when being compared to the other two. Other than that, the flow rate
was also being compared in the graph. At 10,000 rpm the highest flow rate shown 105.4268
m3/h while at 12,000 rpm the highest flow rate shown 121.4254 m3/h.

Efficiency vs Flow Rate

25

20

15
Efficiency

10

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Flowrate

10000 rpm 11000 rpm 12000 rpm

Figure 4: Efficiency VS Flow Rate

Graph above has shown the efficiency vs flow rate which generated to compare the
efficiency of the compressor with different speed. Based on the graph, it clearly shown that the
highest efficiency of the compressor when running the compressor is by using 10,000 rpm of
speed. Follow by the speed of 11,000 rpm and 12,000 rpm. This is because the heat transfer is
more efficient when transferring at lower speed rather than higher speed. At higher speed, the
heat transfer decrease because the heat transfer process will be hard for heat to break in the
higher flow of air. The key issue of the process's stability that was faced during this experiment
was dealing with the butterfly valve. The valve begins to travel and, evidently, cannot hold at the
speed selected. It somehow affects process consistency.

Differential Pressure (mbar) VS Flow Rate (m3/hr)

60

50
differential presuure

40

30

20

10

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
flowrate

T.differential pressure dp1 (mbar)

Figure 5: Differential Pressure VS Flow Rate 10,000 rpm

Differential Pressure (mbar) VS Flow Rate (m3/hr)

60

50
differential pressure

40

30

20

10

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
flowrate

T.differential pressure dp1 (mbar)

Figure 6: Differential Pressure VS Flow Rate 11,000 rpm

 Differential Pressure (mbar) VS Flow Rate (m3/hr)
70

60

50
differential pressure

40

30

20

10

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
flowrate

T.differential pressure dp1 (mbar)

Figure 7: Differential Pressure VS Flow Rate 12,000 rpm

Based on the graph above, the differential pressure for stage 1 and total differential
pressure are different to each other. The total different pressure for 12,000 rpm is the highest
which is 48.9258 mbar. This is due to the pressure will also increase when the speed increase.
As it pulled along the discharged scroll, the pressure of the air will be increase. However, the
change of the flow rates does not change a lot at the total pressure at any given speed in the
compressor. Plus, increased velocity in centrifugal compressor would result in an increase in
polytropic head compressor by a value equal to the velocity square. The polytrophic head is a
function of the compressor pressure ratio and will result in an increase in pressure, as long as
the inlet pressure is not altered.
Appendix

Sample calculation:

For reading 10,000 rpm at 30.1219 m3/h Flowrate.

Total dP, Δp = dP1+dP2

= 24.7559+18.6523

= 43.4082 mbar

Volumetric flow rate, Q (theoretical)=

л 2 2(100) Δ p
= d √
4 ρ
л 2(100) 6.1523
= (0.044m) 2 √ (3600)
4 1.21 kg /m3
Q= 174.5576 m3/hr

Phyd (theoretically)

100(dp 1+dp 2)Q

=
3600

100(42.5781)74.5576 m 3/hr
=
3600

= 206.4536 W

Phyd (from exp)

100(dp 1+dp 2)Q

=
3600

100(43.4082 mbar)30.1219 m3/hr

=
3600

= 36.3205 W
 P hyd
Pel = ×100 %
n

16.8989m 3/ hr
= × 100%
7.7104 m3/hr

= 219.1702 W