PUBLIC ANTHROPOLOGY

Reviews
AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Vol. 113, Issue 1, pp. 145153, ISSN 0002-7294 online ISSN 1548-1433. c 2011 by the American Anthropological
Association. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1111/j.1548-1433.2010.01312.x
Crossing Over: A Review of Anthropology Now
Jeff Howe
I|c:c is uuc| loosc tl| oi ct|:og:|, uo:g |ou::lists
lvc |cc: w:iti:g io: ugzi:cs io: t|c st !0 ,c:s, :c
o:c luost gcts t|c sc:sc, uo:g u, collcgucs, t|t wc:c
c:ggcc i: io:u oi socil scic:cc wc, too, c:ct:tc clu
sivc g:ous, o|sc:vc t|ci: :ituls, :c :ocucc ct t|t wc
t|c: :co:t to l:gc: couuu:it, oi i:tc:cstcc :ccc:s
\o:covc:, wc:c |il, :cit|c: |o||lcc |, t|c co:st:i:ts
oi cccuic :csc:c| :o: iccc wit| t|c cust, o|scu:it, oi
t:citio:l cccuic u|lis|i:g I|is is sclistiscc |og
ws|, oi cou:sc li t|c:c cvc: ws |isto:icl uouc:t w|c:
t|c oul: :css c:ggcc i: t|c so:t oi :igo:ous, susti:cc
:csc:c| wc ssocitc wit| t|c cccu,, it c:ccc icw |ull
u:|cts go ou::lists uig|t i:c, t|cusclvcs socil sci
c:tists, |ut ou: |osscs will lw,s co:sicc: us uc:c co:tc:t
:ovicc:s
I|ts :ot to s, gc:c:l ucic:ccs co:t osscss
|clt|, ctitc io: illuui:ti:g :co:ts o: st::gc :c cx
otic colcs ;cvc: w|c: t|osc colcs :c us, :c u:cc:
:ccitcc c,:uics oi ou: co:tcuo::, wo:lc lt o:l,
uc:s suc| utc:il wo:t usull, c: i: io::ot
ugzi:c o: :cwsc: I|is c:ctcs |:cc| |ctwcc: su
l, :c ccu:c, i:to w|ic| :cw ugzi:c, Anthropology
Now, |s stccc lu|lis|cc t|:cc tiucs ,c: |, l:cigu,
|cgi::i:g i: !00-, Anthropology Now |:i:gs souc oi :t|:o
olog,s |:ig|tcst ui:cs to |c: o: co:tcuo::, co:vc:
stio:s :c olic, cc|tcs ;Anthropology Now :c, I|ts
:o|lc :c u:co:t:ovc:sil gol Wc |clicvc :t|:oolog,
c: c::ic| u|lic u:cc:st:ci:gs oi t|c wo:lc, w:itc t|c
ccito:s ;Anthropology Now :c, I|is s|oulc sc:tc| |ust t|c
:ig|t itc|csccill, i: : c: w|c: t|c cccli:c oi :cws
c:s ccu:cs :cw cxc:iuc:ts i: c:ossovc: u|lis|i:g
to ll t|c voic i: t|oug|tiul ucci Anthropology Now will
c:ggc wicc ::gc oi ucic:ccs i: !1st cc:tu:, :t|:o
ologicl co:vc:stio:s, :ccictcc coiou:ci:g ccito: us:
l:ci:g oi t|c D:ivc:sit, oi liio::i, :t :uz, uuc|
s \:g:ct \cc c:ggcc t|cu i: |c: gc:c:tio:s :t|:o
olog, ;Anthropology Now !00, uc| c:ggcuc:t is so:cl,
:ccccc :c w:ul, wclcouc
Anthropology Now cocs :c |o|, i: u:, sots, oi iul
lli:g t|osc loit, u|itio:s A: i:stlluc:t i:ou t|c ill
oi !00-t|c touic issucco:ti:s ::gc oi :clcv:t
:ticlcs, i:cluci:g : ccou:t oi t|c ko:gcl isl:cc:s,
w|o wc:c cxoscc to illout i:ou D :uclc: tcsts i:
t|c \:s|ll lsl:cs, t|c: :ct:itcc so t|t D scic:tists
uig|t stuc, t|c uovcuc:t oi :citio: t|:oug| t|c c:vi
:o:uc:t, iooc c|i:, :c t|c |uu: |oc, ;o|:sto: !00-,
Wit| ilsc ssu::ccs t|t t|ci: isl:c ws sic, w:itcs l:
|: kosc o|:sto:, t|c ko:gcl couuu:it, ws s|icc
|ouc ;!00-, :o cctil i:ou t|c Ius|cgcc s,|ilis cxc:
iuc:t is uo:c c|illi:g t|: t|t siulc sc:tc:cc
l: t|c suc issuc, D:ivc:sit, oi |icgo :t|:oolo
gist osc| \sco w:itcs : i:io:utivc co:sicc:tio: oi
t|c lo:gtc:u s,c|ologicl co:scquc:ccs oi livi:g wit|i:
:uclc: cultu:c ;\sco !00-, \sco co:cc:t:tcs o: t|c
|u:|c:s : :c|itcctu:l :otio:, s : gglouc:tio: oi
u:cc:g:ou:c |:ic| :c uo:t:, :c uost oi ll s uct|o:
t|t |clc sw, ovc: t|c iugi:tio: oi t|c D:itcc ttcs io:
t|c lttc: |li oi t|c !0t| cc:tu:, \sco :cvcls |ow cou
uittcc co:vc:cc |, l:csicc:t lisc:|owc: :ccouuc:ccc
..|illio: s|cltc:|uilci:g :og:u :ot o:l, to svc D
livcs |ut lso to couuu:ictc will to livc to t|c ovicts
ivil ccic:sc ws t|ct:icl s wcll s :cticl, uc:s oi
sc:ci:g sig:ls out i:to t|c wo:lc i:ouu:cc:g:ou:c |u:|c:
sccs, |ot| :cl :c iugi:cc, w:itcs \sco ;!00-,I|is
is g:ct stuii \sco :ct:icvcs : oitig:o:cc c|tc: oi ou:
:ccc:t st :c cou|i:cs t|o:oug| :csc:c| wit| i:cisivc,
cvc: iugi:tivc :l,sis I|is is w|, wc :cc ugzi:cs,
cvc:csccill,w|c: t|c :ticlcs touc| o: su||ccts wc
|:ow littlc |out
li o:l, Anthropology Now co:sistc:tl, clc:cc t|c |ig|
|: sct |, t|csc icw :ticlcs t|c: ictu:cs iou:c i: :c
vicw oi t|c ugzi:cs :st iou: issucs suiic: i:ou ::gc
oi cccic:cics, i:cluci:g sc:s i:ou w|t uust |vc |cc:
ciicult ccit i:ou cccuic i:to oul: :osc l: ict, o:c
st:o:gl, susccts :cci:g cc:ti: :ticlcs t|t t|c, wc:c :st
i:tc:ccc io: : cccuic |ou::l |ut, ls, wc:c ccctcc
|, t|is o:c i:stcc lli|c:tcc ttcuts wc:c t|c: ucc t
: ct oi t::sltio:, wit| :ccict|lc :csults :tcsi: cu
lisu, wc lc:: i: o:c ssgc, is :otio: oitc: c|llc:gcc
:owc,s |, t|c uo:istic co:cct oi t|c |iosocil ;l lsso:
!010, I|is is iollowcc |, cittio:, w|ic| woulc |c ll
wcll :c gooc ii Anthropology Now wc:c : cccuic |ou:
:l Gc:c:l ucic:ccs :c:t i:cli:cc to :cc :cic:c:ccs
I|c, lso |clicvc t|t cccui t:ics i: t|c g:tuitousl,
|st:usc s uct|oc oi o|ti:i:g tc:u:c :c ot|c: tst,
:izcs I|c gol oi c:ossovc: |ou::l, lc t|i:|, s|oulc |c
146 American Anthropologist Vol. 113, No. 1 March 2011
to c:succ t|cu ot|c:wisc :go: li|c monistic, biosocial,
:c reication co :ot|i:g to ccoulis|i:g t|t ts| lts :ot
t|t gc:c:l ucic:ccs co:t u:cc:st:c w|t wo:cs li|c
reication uc:t|c, co lts t|t t|c, |:ow suc| wo:cs
co:t icilittc u:cc:st:ci:g so uuc| s i:|i|it it
lut t|is is t:ic cou:cc to t|c sc:sc t|t t|c :
ticlcs t|cusclvcs too ::cl, co:ti: t|c |i:cs oi gc:ui:cl,
i:cs| iccso: |cttc: ,ct, i:cs| :csc:c|t|t cccui
s|oulc oiic: t|c u|lic i: suc| c:ossovc: litc:tu:c A iccc
o: ucuo:, :c Vict:u vctc::s st:ts out :ouisi:gl,
c:oug|, oi:ti:g out t|t t|c iugc oi |iics g:ccti:g :c
tu::i:g vcts wit| vit:iol :c sit u, wcll |c oc:,|
t|t o:igi:tcc i: t|c kcg:c: ccsi:c to :c||ilittc t|c
w: :c t|osc w|o ioug|t i: it ouc cccciggi:g cultu:l
:c|colog, woulc sccu to |c i: sto:c, |ut t|c iccc i:stcc
t|cs us o: ccsulto:, tou: oi t|c ut|o:s :cui:iscc:ccs,
ocultu:l :l,tics, :c souc wcll|:ow: :ccc:t D
|isto:,
I|is, t|c:, is t|c :o|lcu wit| too u:, oi t|c ictu:cs
u|lis|cc so i: i: Anthropology Now t|c, co:t :cc s :ig
o:ous, o: sccilizcc c:oug|, to |c u|lis|cc i: : cccuic
|ou::l ;c:|s |ccusc t|c, :c cilutcc vc:sio:s oi c
ccuic :ticlcs, A:c u:io:tu:tcl,, t|c, co:t t:cc t|t
:igo: io: t|t slig|tl,lcts |c |o:cst |c:csc:stio:l
qulit, osscsscc |, cvc: t|c uost i:tcllcctul icccs i:,
s,, t|c New Yorker o: t|c Atlantic Monthly. W|ic| is :ot|c:
w, oi s,i:g t|c :ticlcs |ust :c:t t|t i:tc:csti:g
Wc :cccccsc:tcl,, c:|s|:icgcs |ctwcc: t|c
cccu, :c t|c :cst oi us I|c oul: :css suiic:cc
sott, :cco:c i: t|is :cg:c i: cvc: t|c |cst oi tiucs A:c
t|csc :c :ot t|c |cst oi tiucs I|c gu:tlct is t t|c icct
oi gooc iol|s li|c t|osc |c|i:c Anthropology Now. l |ust |oc
t|c, c: t:, |it |:cc: to c::, it
Jeff Howe School of Journalism, Northeastern University, Boston,
MA 02115, and Contributing Editor, Wired Magazine, San Francisco,
CA 94107; bellarosey@gmail.com
REFERENCES CITED
A:t|:oolog, :ow
!00 :cws kclcsc, ul, 1!
:c A|out Ds :c \issio: ttcuc:t |tt:t|:o:ow
cou|out, cccsscc :ovcu|c: !-, !010
o|:sto:, l:|: kosc
!00- Atouic Iiucs i: t|c lcic A:t|:oolog, :ow 1;!,
\sco, osc|
!00-liic D:cc:g:ou:c luilci:g lu:|c: ocict, A:t|:oolog,
:ow 1;!,
l lsso:, Gsli
!010 itti:g lugc ccil ictu:c, A:t|:oolog, :ow 1;!,
|tt:t|:o:owcou:ticlcssitti:giugc, cccsscc
:ovcu|c: !-, !010
Organs Watch: Possibilities and Perils for Public
Anthropology
Roberto Abadie
kccc:t tcc|:ologicl cv:ccs i: |iouccici:c |vc i:t:o
cuccc :cwt|c:cutic ossi|ilitics |ut |vc lso co:t:i|utcc
to t|c cuc:gc:cc oi glo|l u:|ct io: |uu: |ocics :c
|oc, :ts lo: cxulc, :ticil uoccs oi |uu: :c:o
cuctio: c:ctcc u:|ct io: cggs, scuc:, :c su::ogtc
wou|s l: ccitio:, o:g: t::sic: gc:c:tcc ccu:c io:
|ic:c,s :c |li livc:s I|c w|olc |oc, |s |ccouc vlu
|lc couuocit, s :oicssio:l :csc:c| su||ccts vc:tu:c
i:to t|c cco:ou, oi l|sc l li:icl I:ils, tcsti:g c:ug
sict, io: |:uccuticl cou:ics l: t|c :occss, t|c
t:cc |s |ccouc cccl, u:cqul o:c i: w|ic| oo:, vul
:c:|lc, :c csil, cxloitcc wouc: :c uc:, i: t|c D:itcc
ttcs :c, i:c:csi:gl,, i: t|c glo|l sout|, cxc|:gc t|ci:
|ocics io: cs| Yct, t|csc cco:ouic t::sctio:s :c oitc:
o|scu:cc |, |u,c:scit|c: i:civiculs o: co:o:tio:s
i:cquc:tl, usi:g t|c l:gugc oi co:tio:, volu:t:isu, :c
giit givi:g
I|is u:|ust :c cxloittivc t:cc is o:c t|t :t|:ool
ogists |vc cocuuc:tcc :c cc:ou:ccc si:cc its i:cctio:
i: t|c 1--0s lcw wc:c uo:c io:cciul i: u:cc:st:ci:g
t|c io:ccs |c|i:c |oc, couuocictio: :c i: oosi:g
t|c uost |usivc sccts oi t|is t:cc t|: :t|:oologist
::c, c|cc:lug|cs As : ut|o:, c|cc:lug|cs |s
cocuuc:tcc t|c iccologics, i:stitutio:s, :c socil :ctwo:|s
|c|i:c o:g: t:ic|i:g, o:c oi t|c uost cg:cgious cxulcs
oi |ocil, couuc:cc \o:c t|: ccccc oi cccictcc ct|:o
g:|ic :csc:c| |s llowcc c|cc:lug|cs to iollowt|csc
t::sctio:s, lcci:g |c: to ls:cl, Iu:|c,, l:zil, out|
Ai:ic, Wcstc:: lu:oc, :c t|c D:itcc ttcs, uo:g ot|c:
sitcs l: \li:ows|i: is|io:, s|c |s u:covc:cc t|c ci:cu
ltio: oi o:g:s :c ot|c: |oc, :ts l: gc:c:l, t|c owoi
o:g:s, tissucs, :c |oc, :ts iollows t|c uocc:: :outcs oi
citl i:ouout| to :o:t|, i:out|i:c to :st wo:lc, i:ou
oo: to:ic|, i:ou|lc|:c|:ow:tow|itc, :ci:ouiculc
to ulc |ocics, s|c w:itcs ;c|cc:lug|cs !001, Acco:c
i:g to c|cc:lug|cs, o:g: t:ic|i:g |ot| illuui:tcs
Public Anthropology 147
:c cxcc:|tcs cxisti:g socil :c :cil i:cqulitics lo:
cxulc, |ic:c, i:ou l:zili: sluu cwcllc: costs !,000
coll:s w|ilc |ic:c, i:ou : ls:cli scllc: c: |c :iccc tc:
tiucs |ig|c: ;c|cc:lug|cs :c Wcqu:t !00+,
i cou:sc, t|c sclli:g oi : o:g: io: t::sl:t u:oscs
is illcgl i:uost cou:t:ics, |ut cco:ci:g toc|cc:lug|cs,
it is co:cuctcc :cgul:l, wit| t|c suo:t oi coulcx :c
s|c, :ctwo:| oi |u,c:s, scllc:s, |:o|c:s, su:gco:s, :c
uccicl |ositls loo:, ccsc:tc scllc:ssouctiucs c:
ti:c iuilicsi:ou l:zili: :c l:ci: sluus o: \olcov:
citics oitc: co:sc:t to scll |ic:c, o: ot|c: |oc, :t s
st:tcg, oi su:vivl lxccutcc |i:csc :iso:c:s |vc t|ci:
o:g:s :cuovcc :c i:tcg:tcc i:to t|is glo|l t:cc lc
twcc: scllc:s :c |u,c:s st:cs g:ou oi |:o|c:s i: c|:gc
oi o:g: :ocu:cuc:t w|o usc cs|, :ouiscs, cccctio:,
:c cvc: tics wit| c:iui:l us t|t lso t:ic wouc: io:
scxul wo:| :c c:ggc i: ot|c: illicit t:ccs to gct t|c o:
g:s t|c, :ccc kcltivcl, wclt|, Wcstc:: |u,c:s willi:g
to |,ss witi:g lists :c :cgultio:s, s wcll s :ic| \ic
clc lstc::, Asi:, :c lti: Auc:ic: tic:ts, :ocu:c
covctcc o:g:s wit| t|c coulicit, oi sccilizcc uccicl
tou:isu c:t:c:c:cu:s t|t oiic: : vil|lc o:g::o
qucstio:s s|cci: souctiucs cxotic o: luxu:ious |ositl
ccouuoctio:s sct i: : ot|c:wisc iuovc:is|cc cou:
t:, Acco:ci:g to c|cc:lug|cs, D|scc |ositls :c
su:gco:s i: souc cscs co :ot sccu to s| u:, qucstio:s
|out o:g: :ovc::cc cit|c: lo: c|cc:lug|cs, t|is
t:cc is :ot o:l, illicit |ut lso u:ct|icl, iu:t|c:i:g socil
i:cqulitics w|ilc lso cc|uu:izi:g :c c:c:gc:i:g o:g:
scllc:s w|o :c lcit to ic:c io: t|cusclvcs itc: : o:g: is
:cuovcc, lcvi:g liiclo:g socil :c |,sicl sc:s
lut |c: wo:| |s :ot stocc t u:cc:st:ci:g |ow
o:g: t:ic|i:g wo:|s |c |s lso t|c: stcs to u:covc:,
:cvc:t, :c |cl :osccutc it t|:oug| t|c :g:s Wtc|
:og:u iou:ccc wit| |c: collcguc lw:c:cc o|c: i:
1--o l: t|c |sc:cc oi : i:tc::tio:l |oc,, :g:s Wtc|
ws c:ctcc s tcuo::, c:tit, to cxlo:c llcgtio:s oi
ct|icl :c |uu: :ig|ts violtio:s i: o:g:s :ocu:cuc:t
:c t::sl:t su:gc:, :c to u|c :ccouuc:ctio:s to
t|c :o:itc uccicl |ocics, suc| s t|c Wo:lc \ccicl
ssocitio:, oi st:tcgics t|t uig|t |c uscc to c:io:cc cxist
i:g, |ut i:ciicctul, i:tc::tio:l :cgultio:s :c st:c:cs
o: o:g:s :ocu:cuc:t :c t::sl:t ;c|cc:lug|cs
!001, Auo:g ot|c: ccoulis|uc:ts, |c: wo:| wit| :
g:s Wtc| |s lc:tcc t|c lccc:l lu:cu oi l:vcstigtio:
to t|c cxistc:cc oi l:oo|l,:|scc illcgl o:g:s :c|ct
t|t ws succcssiull, :osccutcc i: !00-
lc:|s t|c uost i:tc:csti:g :c :clic|lc scct oi
c|cc:lug|css wo:| is t|c :t:c:s|i :g:s Wtc|
|s cst|lis|cc wit| |ou::lists cic:tists :c :t|:oolo
gists |vc oitc: |cc: w:, oi coll|o:ti:g wit| |ou::lists,
ic:i:g t|t t|c :ccc io: cxccic:c, :c ctc|, |ccli:cs
woulc cou:ouisc t|c :u:ccs :c coulcxitics i:volvcc
i: scic:tic i:qui:, lowcvc:, s c|cc:lug|cs :c o
|c: |vc s|ow:, ccvcloi:g :t:c:s|is wit| |ou::lists
is owc:iul w, oi u|i:g t|c :csults oi :t|:oologicl
:csc:c| |:ow: to l:gc: u|lics, st:c:gt|c:i:g t|c li|cli
|ooc oi s|i:g u|lic olicics I|c:c :c :uu|c: oi w,s
i: w|ic| :t|:oologists coulc |uilc o: t|c :g:s Wtc|
cxulc :c st:c:gt|c: coll|o:tio:s wit| |ou::lists lo:
cxulc, wc coulc sct u scui::s wit| i:vcstigtivc |ou:
:lists |out ct|:og:|ic uct|ocs, :ot toco:vc:t t|cui:to
iu:oviscc :t|:oologists |ut to i:io:u t|cu |out w|t
wc co :c |ow wc co it l: tu::, |ou::lists coulc tcc|
us |out i:vcstigtivc:co:ti:g tcc|:iqucs li|c :oc|
i:g owc:iul sou:ccs, iollowi:g c: t:ils, :c cxosi:g
w:o:gcoi:g lt is u:io:tu:tc t|t i:vcstigtivc :co:ti:g
sccus to |c o: t|c cccli:c, :csscc |, : cco:ouic c:isis
t|t lso t|:ctc:s ou: wo:| ;:c |o|s, s :t|:oologists
lut ii u|lic :t|:oolog, is to :cui: :clcv:t, it will :ccc
t|c co:ti:uous ciio:t oi couuittcc :t|:oologists wo:|i:g
wit| :uu|c: oi cto:s, i:ou socil uovcuc:ts to uo:c
u:cxcctcc o:cs, s :g:s Wtc| |s s|ow: t|:oug| its
coll|o:tio: wit| |ot| lwc:io:ccuc:t :c v:ict, oi uc
ci t|t |s |clcc covc: :c ulii, t|c iuct oi its wo:|
Wo:|i:g u:cc:covc: t tiucsosi:g s : o:g:
|u,c:to t:c| illcgl ctivitics, c|cc:lug|css ct|:o
g:|ic :csc:c| |s lso :iscc qucstio:s |out :t|:oolog
icl ct|ics, ou: :cltio:s|i wit| su||ccts, :c t|c :ocuc
tio: oi |:owlccgc, us|i:g ciscili::, |ou:c:ics w|ilc
c:wi:g ii: s|:c oi c:iticisu lc: wo:| u:sui:g illc
gl :ctwo:|s :c ctivitics |s c|llc:gcc t|c co:vc:tio:l
wo:|i:g oi l:stitutio:l kcvicw lo:cs i: :ticul:, wit|
t|ci: cu|sis o: t::s:c:c,, i:io:ucc co:sc:t, :c iull
cisclosu:c D:cc:covc: :t|:oolog, uig|t c|llc:gc cu:
:c:t ct|icl ssuutio:s, |ut it is t tiucs t|c o:l, w, to
stuc, u, iollowi:g owc:iul colc :c i:stitutio:s t|t
woulc :ot |c ot|c:wisc cccssi|lc lcsiccs, ct|icl :cgu
ltio:s cxist to :otcct vul:c:|lc :csc:c| su||ccts i:ou
coc:cio: :c |:u :o cou|t uosoli|c o:g: |:o|c:s,
|ositls, :c ot|c:s u:svo:, c|:ctc:s c: :otcct t|cu
sclvcs vc:, wcll Alt|oug| t|c iulictio:s oi suc| :csc:c|
uct|ocs ccu:c iu:t|c: ciscussio: :c cc|tc, c|cc:
lug|css wo:| is tiucl, co:t:i|utio: s t|c u:|ct io:
|uu: |ocics :c |oc, :ts sccus to |c t|:ivi:g uo:c
t|: cvc:, oc:i:g :cw vc:ucs oi i:qui:, :c ctio:
Roberto Abadie Health Sciences Doctoral Programs, Graduate
Center, City University of New York; rabadie@gc.cuny.edu
REFERENCES CITED
c|cc:lug|cs, ::c,
!001 I|c Glo|l I:ic i: luu: :g:s A kco:t l:csc:tcc
to t|c lousc u|couuittcc o: l:tc::tio:l c:tio:s :c
luu: kig|ts, D:itcc ttcs o:g:css o: u:c !, !001
lu|lic A:t|:oolog,kcucu|::cc oi Iiucs lst A:t|:o
ologists W|o lvc o|c: ut, u:c ! |ttwww
u|lic:t|:oolog,o:gIiucslstc|cc:lug|cs|tu,
cccsscc cto|c: 1, !010
c|cc:lug|cs, ::c,, :c loc Wcqu:t, ccs
!00+ ouuocii,i:g locics lo:co: gc
148 American Anthropologist Vol. 113, No. 1 March 2011
Walking the Line between Accommodation and
Transformation: Evaluating the Continuing Career of
Jim Yong Kim
G. Derrick Hodge
l: scvc:l c:l, sccc|cs givc: lst ,c: s t|c :cw :csicc:t
oi D:tuout| ollcgc, iu liu quotcc o:c oi |is :c
ccccsso:s, o|: Dic|c, \|c t|c wo:lcs t:ou|lcs ,ou:
t:ou|lcs I|is, |c i:io:ucc |is ucic:ccs, is w|t |c |s
t:icc to co io: uuc| oi |is c:cc: A:c it |s |cc: :cu:|
|lc c:cc:, i:cccc liu |s :ot o:l, :|cto:icll, cu|:ccc
t|c t:ou|lcs oi t|c wo:lcs sic| :c c,i:g oo: |ut lso |s
ctul cxtc:ccc :c c:|:ccc t|c livcs oi uillio:s W|t
|cttc: ccsc:itio: oi:c :csc:itio: io: :ctici:g
:c u|lic :t|:oolog, t|: to t|c o: t|c t:ou|lcs oi t|c
wo:lc :c t:, to solvc t|cu W|t is u:cc:ti: is w|ct|c:
lius :cw :olc s : lv, lcguc :csicc:t will icilittc o:
stic t|is visio: oi c:iticll, c:ggcc :t|:oolog,
I|c stggc:i:g succcsscs oi liu:c |is collcgucsio:
|c sclcouciscusscs |is ow: wo:| wit|out givi:g c:ccit to |is
collcgucs :c coll|o:to:s:c wcll|:ow: i: :uu|c:
oi clcs, :ot lcst uccici:c :c :t|:oolog, l: 1-, liu
coiou:ccc l:t:c:s i: lclt| ;lll, wit| |cli D|l,
lul l:uc:, :c ot|c:s to suo:t t|c wo:| t|t l:uc:
:c D|l |c |cc: coi:g i: t|ci: cli:ic i: :u:l liti l: t|c
uic1--0s, liu too| t|c lcc o: t|c o:g:iztio:s wo:|
wit| uultic:ug:csist:t tu|c:culosis ;\DkIl, i: liu
I|c:c, |c :c|cctcc t|c co:vc:tio:l wiscou oi t|c uccicl
cst|lis|uc:t |, i:sisti:g t|t sluu cwcllc:s wit| \DkIl
coulc |c succcssiull, t:ctcc :c woulc coulctc :csc:i|cc
c:ug :cgiuc:s lc ccoulis|cc t|is |, iollowi:g t|c lcc
oi |is lc:uvi: :t:c:s i: |i:i:g couuu:it, |clt| wo:|c:s
:c |, :cgotiti:g -0 c:cc:t :ccuctio: oi t|c :icc oi
\DkIl c:ugs I|c :otocol t|t liu :c |is collcgucs
ccvclocc i: liu is :ow st:c:c oi c:c wo:lcwicc
Wit|i: six ,c:s oi |vi:g |cc: oi:tcc ssist:t :o
icsso: t l:v:c \ccicl c|ool ;!000,, liuws iull :o
icsso: ;!00o0-,, i: !00!, |c ws w:ccc t|c \cA:t|u:
lou:ctio:s Gc:ius lcllows|i, i: !00., |c ws o:c oi
U.S. News and World Reports !. lcst lccc:s, :c i: !00o,
|c ws :ucc o:c oi Time ugzi:cs 100 uost iuo:t:t
colc i: t|c wo:lc lc ws c|i: oi t|:cc cc:tuc:ts t
l:v:c ;siuult:cousl,, :c |cc oi its Divisio: oi Glo|l
lclt| l:cquit,
liutoo|two,c:s lcvc i:oul:v:c:clll;!00!
0., to |ccouc, i:itill,, cviso: to t|c ci:ccto: gc:c:l oi
t|c Wo:lc lclt| :g:iztio: ;Wl, :c t|c: |cc oi
llVAlD io: Wl lt ws i: t|is ccit, t|t |c cc
sig:cc :c iulcuc:tcc t|c ! . :og:u D:cc: lius
lccc:s|i, Wl:c its :cltcc o:g:iztio: D:AlD
cst|lis|cc gol oi t:cti:g t|:cc uillio: c:so:s wit| llV
i:ou oo: cou:t:ics wit| :ti:ct:ovi:l t|c:, |, t|c ,c:
!00. I|is |olc uovc c:cwwiccs:cc s|cticisu, silc:ccc
o:l, |, its c:o:uous succcss ;lt|oug| t|c gol ws :ot
:cc|cc u:til !00, l: t|is wo:|, liu ws c|cc:lccc:,
cilout, iu:c:isc:, |,sici:, :t|:oologist, |uu:it:
i:, :c cui:ist:to: luo:t:tl,, ! . ws :ot uc:cl,
vc:ticl |clt|cuc:gc:c, i:tc:vc:tio: |ut, :t|c:, : o
o:tu:it, to iu:ovc |clt| i:i:st:uctu:c t|:oug| :cgul
to:, :c olic, ccvclouc:t wit|i: |ost cou:t:ics I|us,
lius tiuc t Wl ws :ot uc:cl, |out t,icl u|lic
|clt| i:tc:vc:tio:, co:sisti:g oi sc:vicc :ovisio:, :cvc:
tio:, :c llitivc c:c, it ws lso : ttcut to iulcuc:t
t|c |i:c oi st:uctu:l t::sio:utio: t|t u:, :t|:oolo
gists |vc s t|ci: gol Yct cvc: lius |olc:css :c i::o
vtio: t Wl, lt|oug| it svcc u:, livcs, ws liuitcc
i: its ultiutc ciicct i: t|t it cic :ot cll i:to qucstio: t|c
lcgitiuc, oi t|c cco:ouic st:uctu:cs t|t iuccc |uu:
wcll|ci:g
lius !00! coccitcc voluuc Dying for Growth wc:t iu:
t|c: i: t|is ci:cctio:, ttc|i:g t|c st:uctu:l :oots oi glo|l
|clt| cis:itics :c ositi:g citlisu:ticul:l, i:
its :coli|c:l :c ccvclouc:tlist guiscss t|c u:cc:l,
i:g sou:cc oi oo: |clt| outcoucs Alt|oug| t|c voluuc
lic |:c t|c ultiutc sou:cc oi cct| :c suiic:i:g, lius
wo:| t Wl |c i: uo:c ci:cct iuct o: |uu: liic
t|: |is sc|ol:l, i:tc:vc:tio:s lc:ci: lics tc:sio: i: :
t|:oolog, ou: :l,scs u|c clc: t|t :ot|i:g lcss t|:
c:utic t::sio:utio: c: svc t|c wo:lc, |ut t|c iuuc
citc :cccs oi |uu: liic :cqui:c ci:cct :c :gutic
c:ggcuc:t wit| cxisti:g st:uctu:cs oi owc: lius c:cc:
cu|ocics o:c solutio: to t|is cilcuu |ut o:c t|t uig|t
:ot |c c:ti:cl, stisicto:, to uo:c :cvolutio::,ui:ccc
:t|:oologists
lo: i:st:cc, liu |s luccc t|c ciicctivc:css oi t|c
:cicl AlD ctivist uovcuc:t AI Dl, :c souc ctivists
cxtol liu io: |is visio::, lccc:s|i t Wl lut it is
:ot t ll clc: t|t t|c:c will |c :, lsti:g i:stitutio:l
iu:ovcuc:ts s :csult oi |is ciio:ts I|c AIDl ctivists
|c :iscc :c t|osc w|o, i: ict, lcit t|c :cicl ccgc oi
t|c uovcuc:t to u:suc co:cilito:, c:ggcuc:ts wit| t|c
|:uccuticl i:cust:, l:cccc, i: |is ! . i:ititivc :c
i: |is wo:| i: liu, liu :t:c:cc wit| |:uccuticl
cou:ics :c scvc:l tiucs i:ucc t|c :ot uotivc :c
u:|ct ucc|:isus s |cliul tools i: cc:cssi:g u|lic
|clt| cuc:gc:cics Alt|oug| liusccus to u:cc:st:c t|t
:coli|c:l citlisuis t|c sou:cc oi uuc|cct|:cc,i:g, s
|,sici: :c u|lic |clt| cui:ist:to: |c |s |cc: cct
t u|i:g st::gc |ccicllows i: t|c i:tc:cst oi svi:g |uu:
Public Anthropology 149
livcs lc |s |cc: quitc willi:g to suo:t t|c :ot|ilit,
oi l:cc, vc:, wclt|, co:o:tio:s ii it uc:s svi:g
liic i: t|c |c:c :c :ow Yct |, :ot c|llc:gi:g t|c w,s i:
w|ic| :otuotivtcc cco:ouic :occsscs cusc t|c |i:c oi
ill:css t|t t|c, t|c: cliu to cu:c, t|is |i:c oi :gutisu
:is|s sc:ici:g iutu:c gc:c:tio:s io: cu::c:t cxigc:cics
lius wo:| :cvcls :ot|c: tc:sio: i: :t|:oolog,
t|c ccsi:c oi u:, oi us to co:t:i|utc to c:utic st:uc
tu:l t::sio:utio: vc:sus t|c ucit, oi ctul c|:gc t|t
uost oi us ccoulis| o:t:sti:g uccici:c to :t|:ool
og,, liu tolc t|c |ou::list lill \o,c:s i: !00- t|t A:
t|:oologists :c littlc |it ciiic:c:t jt|: |,sici:s, wc
co:t oitc: ct o: w|t wc co D:io:tu:tcl,, t|t sttc
uc:t u, |c uo:c ccu:tc t|: wc woulc li|c to |clicvc
\ost :t|:oologists :c cccl, couuittcc to t|c wcll
|ci:g :c li|c:tio: oi t|c colc wit| w|ou wc wo:|, ,ct
icwoi us c: cliut|t ou: wo:| ctull, u|cs ciiic:c:cc
i: colcs livcs u: |oo|s |:i:g us tc:u:c i: :ivilcgcc
lccs, |ut t|c c|:gcs :ooscc i: ct|:og:|ics :c l
uost :cvc: :clizcc, cvc: i: :t liu is quitc co::cct t|t
uost :t|:oologists co:t oitc: ct o: w|t jt|c, co
li liu is vul:c:|lc to t|c c:itiquc t|t |c |s co:ccccc
g:ou:c to t|osc w|o scc| :ot i:ou sic|:css, t|c: |c is
lso to |c :iscc io: |vi:g |c :oiou:c ciicct o: vc:,
u:, livcsi: uo:c t|: uost oi us c: cliu
lius sto:is|i:g succcsscs i:cictc o:c w, to c:c
tivcl, uccitc t|c tc:sio: |ctwcc: iccologicl :igo: :c
:gutic ccouuoctio: lt is ,ct u:clc: w|ct|c: |c will
|c u:|lc to co:ti:uc t|is c:ggcuc:t i: |is :cw i:stitu
tio:l co:tcxt D:tuout|:c uost ot|c: u:ivc:sitics
is cccl, cu|ccccc i: t|c oliticl cco:ouics t|t :ocucc
t|c suiic:i:g t|t :t|:oologists cc:ou:cc lccusc D:t
uout| :ow|s cliuo: lius u:, tlc:ts, it woulc sccu
u:li|cl, t|t |c will lu:c| sc:ious c|llc:gc to t|c suc
st:uctu:cs t|t susti: |is :cw i:stitutio: lc |s sttcc t|t
|is gol s :csicc:t is to t:i: stucc:ts to co g:ct t|i:gs,
|ut it is :ot clc: w|ct|c: t|osc g:ct t|i:gs i:clucc ovc:
tu::i:g t|c st:uctu:cs oi utc:il i:cqulit, o: w|ic| t|c
i:stitutio: ccc:cs
iu liu, t gc .0, |s l:cc, givc: :oiou:c lcgcics
to t|c wo:lc |c |s svcc cou:tlcss livcs :c c|llc:gcc
scvc:l i:stitutio:s to co:sicc: t|ci: :cso:si|ilitics to t|c
losc:s i: t|is violc:t glo|l oliticl cco:ou, lociull,, i:
t|c :cxt |sc oi |is c:cc:, liu will :ot llow i:stitutio:l
st:ictu:cs to cull |is c:iticl ccgc li |c is |lc to voic
t|c tcuttio:s oi owc: :c :ivilcgc, |is :cw ositio:
coulc llow |iu to co i: uo:c t|: |ust uc:to: stucc:ts
to co g:ct t|i:gs, s :csicc:t oi D:tuout|, |c coulc
i: ict lu:c| : u:i:c|i:g c:itiquc oi coui::t st:uctu:cs
oi |:owlccgc :ocuctio: :c t|c w,s i: w|ic| u:ivc:sitics
co:t:i|utc to t|c :c:ocuctio: oi i:cqulitics Io co t|is,
|c woulc |vc to usct t|c lc c:t cvc: uo:c t|: |c cic
t Wl li |c is willi:g to :is| lic:ti:g wclt|, co:o:s,
|c uig|t iccl uo:ll, coucllcc to usc |is :cw ulit to
tcll t|c t:ut| |out glo|l citlisu, s |c cic i: Dying for
Growth.
G. Derrick Hodge Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Uni-
versity of Missouri at Kansas City, and the Mount Sinai School of
Medicine, New York; gdhodge@mac.com
REFERENCES CITED
liu, iuYo:g, o,cc \illc:, Alcc l:wi:, :c o|: Gc:s|u:, ccs
!00! D,i:g lo: G:owt| Glo|l l:cqulit, :c t|c lclt| oi t|c
loo: \o::oc, \l ouuo: ou:gc
\o,c:s, lill
!00- I::sc:it lill \o,c:s ou::l, ctcu|c: 11 |tt
www|so:guo,c:s|ou::l0-11!00-t::sc:it!|tul,
cccsscc cto|c: 1, !010
Review Essay
The Human Terrain System and Anthropology: A Review
of Ongoing Public Debates
Maximilian C. Forte
ABSTRACT The advent of the U.S. Armys Human Terrain Sys-
tem (HTS) and the recruitment of anthropologists to provide
cultural knowledge for the purpose of more effective coun-
terinsurgency in Iraq and Afghanistan has created numerous
conicts and debates between HTS advocates and anthropo-
logical critics. These debates involve issues of ethical research,
the role of anthropological research in war, the consequences
of militarization, further harm to the reputation of the disci-
pline, and the possible jeopardizing of anthropological eld-
workers who could be mistaken as U.S. spies. Those advo-
cating for HTS claim that it is not unethical, that it helps to
save lives, is not involved in collecting intelligence or target-
ing, and is a key way for anthropology to become relevant.
This article serves as a primer on these debates and exam-
ines why HTS has largely failed to attract anthropological re-
cruits. [ethics, human terrain system, imperialism, militarization,
war]
150 American Anthropologist Vol. 113, No. 1 March 2011
I|c lst icw ,c:s |vc scc: t::sio:utio: i: D uili
t:, coct:i:c t|t |s |cc: ccsc:i|cc |, souc s cultu:l
tu:: ;G:cgo:, !00, I|c csc io: :t|:oologicl c:ggc
uc:t wit| t|c uilit:, :c :tio:l sccu:it, cst|lis|uc:ts
ws io:cciull, lic out i: sc:ics oi uilit:, u|lictio:s
st:ti:g i: !00. I|c qucstio: ws oscc W|, cic t|c
uilit:,, i:tclligc:cc sc:viccs, :c cilouts lc| |:owl
ccgc |out cvc:s:, cultu:c Acco:ci:g to :t|:oolo
gist \o:tgouc:, \cltc, o:c oi t|c uost :oui:c:t cto:s
i: t|is t::sio:utio:, it ws |ccusc oi t|c luost totl
|sc:cc oi :t|:oolog, wit|i: t|c :tio:lsccu:it, cst|
lis|uc:t ;\cltc !00.!+, Alt|oug| :t|:oolog, ws
|o:: s w:g|ti:g ciscili:c, si:cc t|c Vict:u W:
it :c|cctcc its sttus s t|c |:cuicc: oi colo:ilisu, :c
t:ctcci:tot|c ivo:, towc: w|c:c it c:io:uccli:guisticll,
o|tusc :c ostuocc:: scligclltio: :c ws sccui:gl,
cctc:ui:cc to |c s i::clcv:t :c isoltio:ist s ossi|lc
;\cltc !00.!, ultu:l i:io:utio: will i:cvit|l, |c
uscc s t|c |sis oi uilit:, oc:tio:s :c u|lic olic,,
\cltc :gucc, :c, ii :t|:oologists :ciusc to co:t:i|utc,
|ow:cli|lc will t|t i:io:utio: |c ;!00.!, lowcvc:,
cco:ci:g to \cltc :c ot|c:s, siul, :ovici:g cultu:l
w:c:css will :ot |c c:oug| w|t is :ccccc is ct|:o
g:|ic i:tclligc:cc to c:ct:tc s|cow, :ctwo:|s :c to
c::, out glo|l cou:tc:i:su:gc:c, ;kc:zi !00o, :c oi
t|c |cst w,s oi coi:g so, souc :ooscc, woulc |c io: :
t|:oologists to c:list i: t|c luu: Ic::i: ,stcu ;lI,,
:og:u |:|c:i:g |c| to t|c ivil c:tio:s :c kcv
olutio::, Dcvclouc:t uo:t ;kD, :og:u oi t|c
Vict:u W: ;li ct l !00o,
lI ccsc:i|cs itscli s :cw :ooioico:cct :o
g:u, :u: |, t|c D A:u, I:i:i:g :c Doct:i:c ou
u:c ;IkAD, t|t ius to iu:ovc t|c uilit:,s |il
it, to u:cc:st:c t|c |ig|l, coulcx locl sociocultu:l
c:vi:o:uc:t i: t|c :cs w|c:c t|c, :c cclo,cc :c to
ssist t|c D govc::uc:t i: u:cc:st:ci:g io:cig: cou:
t:ics :c :cgio:s :io: to : c:ggcuc:t wit|i: t|t jsic
:cgio: ;lI :c, I|c lI wc|sitc s,s t|t t|c :og:u
ws ccvclocc i: :cso:sc to icc:ticc gs i: juilit:,
couu:cc:s :c stiis u:cc:st:ci:g oi t|c locl ou
ltio: :c cultu:c, :c its iuct o: oc:tio:l cccisio:s
s wcll s t|c i:ccqutc t::sic: oi t|t |:owlccgc to :cw
u:its :ottcc i:to t|c w: zo:c ;lI :c, lI clius t|t
it uo|ilizcs t|c cxc:tisc :c cxc:ic:cc oi socil scic:tists
:c :cgio:l cxc:ts |, cclo,i:g t|cu i: luu: Ic::i:
Icus ;lIIs, lccc wit|i: cou|t |:igccs i: l:q :c
Aig|:ist: to i:io:u . . . cccisio: u|i:g t t|c tcticl,
oc:tio:l :c st:tcgic lcvcls ;lI :c,
lI i:itill, cliucc t|t svi:g livcs ws o:c oi t|c
li|cl, |c:cts oi t|ci: wo:| I|c, wc:c :ccuci:g t|c :ccc
io: |i:ctic ;violc:t, oc:tio:s t|t :osc i:ou cultu:l
uisu:cc:st:ci:gs o: t|c :t oi D io:ccs w|ilc siuul
t:cousl, :ovici:g ic :c sc:viccs to locl couuu:itics,
|cli:g to wi: |c:ts :c ui:cs :c t|us gi: :ccucc t|c
:ccc io: lct|l oc:tio:s lI oicils :cctccl, cu|
sizcc t|t t|ci:s ws :ot : i:tclligc:cc :og:u :c t|t
t|c, cic :ot cvisc o: t|c usc oi lct|l io:cc I|c, woulc
c|icvc t|ci: gols |, cclo,i:g colc wit| cxc:tisc i:
t|c \icclc lst :c Aig|:ist: to u t:i|l :ctwo:|s :c
socil st:uctu:cs :c gt|c: ct o: locl custous :c |is
to:ics I|c, :gucc t|t ig:o::cc oi locl cultu:cs woulc
o:l, u|c t|i:gs wo:sc io: ll siccs
lI oicils lso cliucc t|t t|c:c ws :o co:ict |c
twcc: its uct|ocs :c t|c Auc:ic: A:t|:oologicl Asso
citio:s cocc oi ct|ics lIIucu|c:s woulc scc| i:io:ucc
co:sc:t i:ou l:qis :c Aig|:s, t|osc i:tc:vicwcc woulc
:ot |c coc:ccc, :c icc:titics woulc |c |ct co:cc:til At
l:gc: lcvcl, \cltc, lIs sc:io: socil scic:tist, :gucc
t|t t|c :og:u ws w, io: :t|:oologists to cxit t|c
ivo:, towc:, |ccouc u|licl, c:ggcc, i:io:u olic,u|
i:g, :c |cl :t|:oologizc t|c uilit:, ;ko|cc !00,
lI |s c:|o,cc g:ct ccl oi ositivc ucci covc:gc,
i:cluci:g cozc:s oi :ticlcs :ctclcvisio::cws :co:ts
1
I|c
Atlantic ;!00-, :ucc \cltc o:c oi its to |:vc t|i:|c:s,
w|ilc Wired listcc |c: s o:c oi tc: |c, colc t|t t|c :cw
:csicc:t s|oulc listc: to ;|c|tu: !00, lI |s |cc:
t|c su||cct oi cocuuc:t:, lu ;Dc: Dc:i: ct l !010,,
l, ;\itc|cll !00-,, :c t lcst t|:cc |oo|s ;Go:z lcz
!00-, :ctwo:| oi o:cc::cc A:t|:oologists !00-, t:
to: !00-,, s wcll s :uuc:ous :ticlcs i: Anthropology Today
:c Anthropology News.
i:cc its i:cctio:, lI |s g:ow: to i:clucc uo:c
t|: .00 culo,ccs ;|, !00-,, clci:g uo:c t|: two
cozc: lIIs i: l:q :c Aig|:ist: :c :cccivi:g ::ul
iu:ci:g t|t ;u:til :ccc:t uo:t|s, :cc|cc s uuc| s !.0
uillio: ;toc|u: !00-, : t|c |ttlcclc, lIIucu|c:s
coulc i:itill, c:: u to !00,000 ::ull, l: ltc !00,
|owcvc:, t|c :og:u ccscc to |c :u: |, :ivtc uilit:,
co:t:cto:s, io:ci:g sl:ics cow: to t|c low !00,000s
:c woulc t|i:| t|is woulc u|c g:ct sclli:g oi:t givc:
t|t, s \cltc :otcc, t|c u|o:it, oi :cwl, ui:tcc :t|:o
ologists |:utll, couctc io: liuitcc :uu|c: oi u:cc:ic
u:ivc:sit, icult, oi:tuc:ts ;!00.!, l, t|c uicclc oi
!00-, |owcvc:, o:l, six lI culo,ccs osscsscc l|D
i: :t|:oolog,, :c iou: |clc \As i: :t|:oolog,, w|ilc
uost oi t|c lI stii |c ccg:ccs i: clcs li|c oliticl sci
c:cc :c i:tc::tio:l :cltio:s ;lADl !00-1!, o!,
lo: uost oi its |isto:,, lI |s |cc: ui:cc i: co:t:o
vc:s, I|c :og:u |s s:u:g cozc:s oi lc|s, tt:cti:g
co:sicc:|lc c:iticisu to t|c :og:u
!
lIIs |vc suiic:cc
t|:cc itlitics, cc| csc cusi:g si|c i: u|lic ttc:tio:
:c lII ucu|c: ws t:icc :c co:victcc io: t|c uu:cc:
oi ccti:cc ;|c|tu: !00-, A wicc ::gc oi llcgtio:s
|vc |cc: ucc gi:st t|c :og:u, i:ouwstc :c i:uc to
scxul |:ssuc:t :c gu::u::i:g lI is cu::c:tl, u:cc:
:cvicw |, t|c lousc A:ucc c:viccs ouuittcc ;lA,,
w|ic| liuitcc its iu:ci:g u:til : i:ccc:cc:t sscssuc:t
|, t|c c:tc: io: :vl A:l,scs ws su|uittcc ;lA
!010!., Io ctc, t|c co:tc:ts oi t|t :cvicw |vc :ot
|cc: :clcscc
I|c :og:u |s couc u:cc: :ticul:l, |cv, c:iti
cisu i:ou u:, :t|:oologists l: cto|c: oi !00, t|c
Public Anthropology 151
lxccutivc lo:c oi t|c AAAissucc sttcuc:t cx:cssji:g
its cis:ovl oi t|c lI :og:u s : u:ccct|lc
lictio: oi :t|:oologicl cxc:tisc I|c |o:c cc
sc:i|cc |vi:g g:vc co:cc::s |out t|c i:volvcuc:t oi
:t|:oologicl |:owlccgc :c s|ill i: t|c lI :o|cct
ccicll,, t|c |o:c c:iticizcc lI io: lci:g :t|:o
ologists i: ositio:s i: w|ic| t|ci: wo:| will |c i: violtio:
oi t|c AAA occ oi lt|ics :c t|:ctc:i:g t|c wcll|ci:g
oi |ot| ot|c: :t|:oologists :c c:so:s ot|c: :t|:ool
ogists stuc, ;Auc:ic: A:t|:oologicl Associtio: lxcc
utivc lo:c !00,
lollowi:g c:ciul :c uuc|lc:gt|ic: i:vcstigtio: oi
lI, t|c AAAs ouuissio: o: t|c l:ggcuc:t oi A:
t|:oolog, wit| t|c D ccu:it, :c l:tclligc:cc ou
uu:itics ;lADl, |:ocl, co:ccu:cc t|c :og:u
W|c: ct|:og:|ic i:vcstigtio: is cctc:ui:cc |, uilit:,
uissio:s, :ot su||cct to cxtc::l :cvicw, t|c couuissio:
w:otc, w|c:c ct collcctio: occu:s i: t|c co:tcxt oi w:,
i:tcg:tcc i:to t|c gols oi cou:tc:i:su:gc:c,, :c i: o
tc:till, coc:civc c:vi:o:uc:tll c|:ctc:istic icto:s oi
t|c lI co:cct :c its lictio:it c: :o lo:gc: |c
co:sicc:cc lcgitiutc :oicssio:l cxc:cisc oi :t|:ool
og, ;lADl !00-+, At lcst two :cw :t|:oologi
cl o:g:iztio:s wc:c c:ctcc i: l:gc :t to oosc suc|
:og:us
!
:iticisus uo:g i:civicul :t|:oologists |vc |cc:
:uuc:ous :c civc:sc Dvic l l:icc quc:icc t|c cvicc:
ti:, |sis oi clius t|t o:c lII |clcc :ccucc violc:cc
|, o0 c:cc:t i: oi Aig|:ist:, ciscovc:i:g t|t t|c:c ws
:o suc| cvicc:cc ;l:icc !00-, t|c: lI clius to |vc
:ccuccc violc:cc |vc |cc: qucstio:cc |, |ou::lists :c
wc:c gi: iou:c w:ti:g ;Wci:|c:gc: !00.+, \:,
|vc lso o|sc:vcc t|t lI is gc:c:ll, :ot cclo,i:g co
lc wit| :io: cxc:ic:cc i: o: |:owlccgc |out l:q :c
Aig|:ist:, :c uost c:so::cl lc| :, |ilit, to sc| lo
cl l:gugcs cvc:l |vc c|llc:gcc souc oi lIs |sic
ssuutio:s, :gui:g, io: cxulc, t|t cou:tc:i:su:gc:c,
c: :cvc: |c |uu:it:i: :c t|t it |s luost :cvc: suc
cccccc ;l:icc !00-|,
I|c |ul| oi t|c c:iticisu i:ou :t|:oologists, |ow
cvc:, |s |cc: ci:cctcc t t|c :og:us c:ccivcc iilu:c to
|icc |, cvc: t|c uost |sic :i:cilcs oi ct|icl :csc:c|
I|t lI voics |:ui:g ot|c: |uu: |ci:gs is ciicult to
:guc w|c: it uilittcs io: o:c :t, i: : :ucc co:ict
t|c:s |vc qucstio:cc w|ct|c: i:io:ucc co:sc:t is t:ul,
soug|t :c o|ti:cc, csccill, w|c: lII ucu|c:s t:vcl
wit| :ucc solcic:s :c :c oitc: t|cusclvcs :ucc Auo:g
t|osc lI ucu|c:s w|o |vc swo:: t|t t|c, o|ti:cc co:
sc:t, t|c, |vc sic t|t co:sc:t ws i: w:ittc: io:u :c
t|t coics wc:c ccositcc i: cigitl io:ut wit| lI I|is
:occcu:c woulc c:ctc c: t:il wit| :clic|lc coics
lcci:g to icc:ti|lc i:io:u:ts :c t|us violti:g i:io:
u:ts co:cc:tilit, :c ossi|lc sict,
t|c:s |vc qucstio:cc t|c cliu t|t lI is :ot i:
volvcc i: i:tclligc:cc gt|c:i:g t|c ul, !010 Wi|ilc|s
:clcsc oi Aig|: w: :cco:cs s|owcc cooc:tio: wit|
i:tclligc:cc |::c|cs oi t|c uilit:, to |c :cgul: oc
cu::c:cc, wit| s,i:g occu::i:g wit|i: t|c :og:u itscli
t|:oug| t|c cquisitio: oi i:io:utio: i:ou t|c :ivtc clc
:otcs oi civili: ucu|c:s oi lIIs
+
lu:t|c: cou:ouisi:g
t|c co:cc:tilit, :c sict, oi i:io:u:ts is t|c :cticc
oi t|c v:ious D :ucc sc:viccs :c :AIs l:tc::
tio:l ccu:it, Assist:cc lo:cc osti:g |otog:|s oi lI
culo,ccs i:tc:vicwi:g locls o: v:ious u|licl, cccssi|lc
llic|: |otost:cus \:, |vc :cctccl, c:iticizcc lI
io: |:ui:g t|c :cuttio: oi :t|:oolog, :c otc:till,
c:c:gc:i:g t|c :csc:c| :osccts o: cvc: t|c livcs oi :
t|:oologists |:oc w|o u, |c suscctcc oi |ci:g sics
ouc |vc lso :iscc qucstio:s |out t|c :olc :c c:cc
i|ilit, oi lIs lcci:g :t|:oologicl :oo:c:t, \cltc
l: !00, Mother Jones :cvclcc t|t, :io: to |oi:i:g lI,
\cltc wo:|cc io: ,c:s s co:o:tc s, :c c:ct:tcc
t|c :tigu: lo||, :c c:vi:o:uc:tl :c :iul :ig|ts c
tivist g:ous ;kicgcw, ct l !00, A ,c: c:lic:, \cltc
ws iou:c to |vc |clcc ut|o: lgi:izcc ssgcs i:
t|c A:u,s :cw Counterinsurgency Field Manual ;l:icc !00,
l:icc lso |s s|ow: |ow \cltcs cocto:l t|csis u, |vc
ucc |c: l:is| kcu|lic: A:u, i:io:u:ts vul:c:|lc to
cootio: :c ccict I|c t|csis i:cluccs sttcuc:ts suc| s
|:owlccgc oi t|c c:cu, lccs to :c:cuc:t i: |:owlccgc
oi |ow |cst to |ill t|c c:cu, ;l:icc !00-|,
As :csult oi t|c u|lic cc|tcs wit| :t|:oologists
:c ot|c: c:itics, lI |s :cviscc souc oi its |c, clius
icils :c :ow c:ciul to sttc t|t cclo,cc lIIs co
:ot :ovicc ci:cct suo:t to cou|t t:oos :c co :ot
:octivcl, collcct i:tclligc:cc l: sitc oi t|c ict t|t
uost lII ucu|c:s wc: D uilit:, u:iio:us :c c::,
:c:us, lI clius t|t i: c:vi:o:uc:ts w|c:c uost oi
t|c oultio: is :ucc, : ssuutio: t|t t|c :csc:cc oi
wco:s utouticll, c::ics wit| it t|c t|:ct oi coc:civc
io:cc is siul, i:co::cct locls, lI oicils s,, :c
su:t c:oug| to ciiic:c:titc |ctwcc: cou|t io:ccs :c
c:so::cl w|o co:cuct :o:cou|t iu:ctio:s lI |s lso
cliucc t|t t|c :ccc to co:io:uto st:c:c coccs oi ct|icl
:csc:c| wit| |uu: su||ccts i: lcc io: ll iccc:l gc:cics
|s |cc: wivcc |, t|c D A:u, l: ict, oicc:s |vc sic
t|t t|c gol oi lI is t|c suc s t|t oi t|c Auc:ic:
A:t|:oologicl Associtio: ;AAA, cocc oi ct|ics co :o
|:uw|ilc t|c, cc t|c qulictio: o: t lcst |cl t|c
uilit:, to co lcss |:u
.
As t|c :og:u scc|s to cx:c i:to ot|c: :cs, i:
cluci:g t|c :ccc:tl, c:ctcc D A:u, Ai:ic ouu:c
;Alkl\,, it lso suiic:s i:ou couctitio: wit|i: t|c
uilit:, lxisti:g A:u, i:tclligc:cc u:its |vc |cgu: usi:g
|uu: tc::i: :l,sis wit|out co:cucti:g ct|:og:|ic
:csc:c| o: :cc:uiti:g civili: socil scic:tists, w|ilc :cw
u:its :c coucti:g io: iu:ci:g, suc| s t|c ocioultu:l
kcsc:c| :c Acviso:, Icus ;kAIs, to |c culo,cc |,
Alkl\u:cc: ciiic:c:t lccc:s|i :c cisti:ct guiccli:cs
io: :csc:c| :c c:ggcuc:t
o
I|c uilit:,s cultu:l tu:: cls|cc |cc o: wit| :t|:o
olog,s oliticl tu:: W|c: \cltc :c ot|c:s ccciccc
152 American Anthropologist Vol. 113, No. 1 March 2011
t|c, woulc u|c :t|:oolog, usciul to t|c uilit:,
;t:::c !00, :c :t|:oologizc t|c uilit:,, t|c,
ovc:loo|cc t lcst iou: |c, io:ccs t|t woulc u:cc:ui:c
t|ci: :o|cct :c ws t|c st:o:g oositio: oi t|c ucu
|c:s|i oi t|c Auc:ic: A:t|:oologicl Associtio:, w|ic|
ws co:cc::cc |out t|c uilit:iztio: oi t|ci: ciscili:c |,
t|c lc:tgo: :c :ivtc uilit:, co:t:cto:s I|c scco:c
ws t|c io:utio: oi t|c :ctwo:| oi o:cc::cc A:t|:ool
ogists ;:A,, w|osc cvocc, :llicc ttc:tio: :c suo:t
io: :t|:oologicl oositio: to :ticitio: i: cou:tc:i:
su:gc:c, A t|i:c ws t|c g:owi:g ticc oi u|lic :tiw:
sc:tiuc:t, wit| u|o:itics c:oss Wcstc:: :tio:s gc:c:ll,
oosi:g |ot| t|c l:q :c Aig|:ist: w:s, u|i:g cccc:
i:volvcuc:t i: suc| i:tc:vc:tio:s u:oul: A:c t|c iou:t|
ws :isi:g cisco:tc:t wit|i: t|c ::|s oi lI itscli, :ci:g
cx:cssio: i: souc oi t|c lc|s :cviousl, :otcc
:cit|c: t|c lc:tgo:, :o: lI, :o: t|ci: co:t:cto:s
sccucc to :ticitc o: |c :c:cc io: t|c :tu:c :c
cxtc:t oi t|c :t|:oologicl i:su::cctio: t|c, iccc cv
c:l i:civiculs wit| tics to lI |vc cuittcc t|t t|c
cou|i:cc ciio:ts oi t|c AAA, :A, :c ucci |vc |c
: iuct o: scvc:cl, liuiti:g t|c :uu|c: oi :t|:ool
ogists willi:g to |oi: lI, io:ci:g t|c :og:u to loo|
clscw|c:c io: :cc:uits

Alt|oug| t|c :og:u oicill,

ssc:ts t|t lI is :ot : licc uilit:, :t|:oolog,
:og:u :c t|t it is iu:cuc:tll, uulticiscili::, i:
:tu:c, cu::c:t ucci covc:gc i: lu:oc, wit| ci:cct
lI :ticitio: :c c:uissio:, co:ti:ucs to scll t|c :o
g:u s : :t|:oologicl o:c

I|c titlc oi :olc i:

:oui:c:t ltli: cil, :ccs, Auc:ic: A:t|:oologist
\o:tgouc:, \cltc c|s lll |owYout|c kcl Avt:s
;:i:i !010, scc lso ll|: :c ci lu:o !00-, l:gc:
|c|!010, \:c !010, ouc|ow, it woulcsccu, t|c ucs
sgc oi t|c :tiw: |loc||ustc:i: w|ic| :t|:oologist
vt:s wo:|i:g io: :csou:cc|u:g:, iuc:ilists couc to
sicc wit| t|c colo:izcc|s |cc: lost o: \cltc
Maximilian C. Forte Department of Sociology and Anthropol-
ogy, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 1M8;
mforte@alcor.concordia.ca
NOTES
1 lo: coulctc list :c :c|ivc, wit| ::ottio:s, scc u, li|
liog:|, :c A:c|ivc I|c \ilit:,, l:tclligc:cc Agc:cics, :c
t|c Acccu, ;wit| sccil :cic:c:cc to :t|:oolog,,
Docuuc:ts, :cws, kco:ts, vil|lc t |tt
zc:o:t|:oolog,:ctllosts|i|liog:|,:c:c|ivct|c
uilit:,i:tclligc:ccgc:cics:ct|ccccu,wit|sccil
:cic:c:ccto:t|:oolog,cocuuc:ts:cws:co:ts
! A: |u:c:cc oi suc| lc|s |s |cc: u|lis|cc i: :oug|l, t|:cc
cozc: :ticlcs |, t|c i:ccc:cc:t |ou::list o|: t:to: lo:
coulctc list to ctc, scc o|: t:to:s :olc |tt
zc:o:t|:oolog,:ct|outt|c|loggc:s|o|:st:to:
! lull cisclosu:c l |clcc iou:c o:c ;A:t|:oologists io: usticc
:c lccc i: :c, :c o:c oi t|c coccito:s oi t|is scctio:,
Dvic Vi:c, |clcc iou:c t|c ot|c: ;I|c :ctwo:| oi o:
cc::cc A:t|:oologists i: t|c D:itcc ttcs,
+ A iull list oi t|c co:tc:ts oi t|c Wi|ilc|s cocuuc:ts
ccli:g wit| lIIs is vil|lc t |ttzc:o:t|:oolog,
:ct!0100!|uu:tc::i:tcusi:wi|ilc|sig|:
w:ci:,:wct lo: uo:c o: t|csc :cvcltio:s, scc
|ttzc:o:t|:oolog,:ct!010001:cvcli:gt|c
|uu:tc::i:s,stcui:wi|ilc|sig|:w:ci:,
. I|c ci:cct quotcs i: t|is :g:| ll couc i:ou t|c lAQs oi
t|c lI |tt|uu:tc::i:s,stcu:u,uiliqs|tul
o lo: cxulcs :c cctils, scc |ttzc:o:t|:oolog,
:ct!0100.!-t|cus:u,c!0--sc!0-c
ot|c:c!0-c|uu:tc::i:s,stcu :c |ttzc:o
:t|:oolog,:ct!0100.!0sc:tsi:icouitc:t|c
|uu:tc::i:s,stcu
lc:so:l couuu:ictio:s vi cuil i:ou t|:cc io:uc: lI
culo,ccs |vc tcsticc to t|is i:tc::l couli:t
cc |tt|uu:tc::i:s,stcu:u,uiliqs|tul
REFERENCES CITED
Auc:ic: A:t|:oologicl Associtio: lxccutivc lo:c
!00 ttcuc:t o: t|c luu: Ic::i: ,stcul:o|cct AAAo:g,
cto|c: !1 |ttwww:cto:gissucsAAAoscs
luu:Ic::i:,stcul:o|cctciu, cccsscc cto|c: !,
!010
I|c Atl:tic
!00- l:vc I|i:|c:s \o:tgouc:, \cltc I|c At
l:tic, :ovcu|c: |ttwwwt|ctl:ticcouugzi:c
:c|ivc!00-11|:vct|i:|c:so-!, cccsscc cto
|c: !, !010
ll|:, Icc, :c \:co ci lu:o
!010 li: ct|:ologc iu |:icgc jA: :t|:oologist t w: Gl,
\, .10
ouuissio: o: t|c l:ggcuc:t oi A:t|:oolog, wit| t|c D
ccu:it, :c l:tclligc:cc ouuu:itics ;lADl,
!00- li:l kco:t o: t|c A:u,s luu: Ic::i: ,stcu
l:ooi oi o:cct l:og:u |ttwww:cto:gcutcs
couuissio:slADli:ccxciu, cccsscc cto|c: !,
!010
Dc: Dc:i:, ucs, Dvic Dc:is, :c \ic|cl Dc:is, ci:s
!010 luu: Ic::i: W: lccoucs Acccuic l:ovicc:cc,
kl Dc:is lilux,oi l:ocuctio:s wit| t|c Glo|l \cci
l:o|cct :c t|c Wtso: l:stitutc io: l:tc::tio:l tucics
Go:z lcz, ko|c:to
!00- Auc:ic: ou:tc:i:su:gc:c, luu: cic:cc :c t|c lu
u: Ic::i: |icgo l:ic|l, l:cigu
G:cgo:,, Dc:c|
!00 I|c kus| to t|c l:tiutc ou:tc:i:su:gc:c, :c t|c
ultu:l Iu:: kcicl l|iloso|, 1.0;ul,August, |tt
www:cicl|iloso|,coucciultsc|::cl_ic~!!o-s
ccito:il_ic~!o.., cccsscc cto|c: !, !010
lousc A:ucc c:viccs ouuittcc ;lA,
!010 lousc A:ucc c:viccs ouuittcclk .1!o, :tio:l
Dcic:sc Aut|o:iztio: Act io: liscl Yc: !011 |tt
oc::t|:oolog,lcswo:c:csscou!0100.|sci,11
:c0.1-10ci, cccsscc cto|c: !, !010
Public Anthropology 153
luu: Ic::i: ,stcu
:c luu: Ic::i: ,stcu |tt|uu:tc::i:s,stcu
:u,uil, lst uctcc \, 1+, !010, cccsscc cto|c: !,
!010
li, co|, lcstc: G:u, l:l l:i:slow, :c ti: Do: uit|
!00o I|c luu: Ic::i: ,stcu A kD io: t|c !1st c:
tu:, \ilit:, kcvicw, ctcu|c:cto|c: |ttwww
:u,uil:oicssio:lw:iti:gvoluucsvoluuc+ccccu|c:
_!00o1!_0o_!_i|tul, cccsscc cto|c: !, !010
l:gc:|c|, u:gc:
!010 lt|i| A:t|:oologc: : cic i:o:t jlt|ics A:t|:o
ologists o: t|c i:o:tli:c Dic l:cssc, u:c !0 |tt
cic:cssccou|oucscic:cc.--+i:ccxco, cccsscc
cto|c: !, !010
\:c, ctvi:
!010 lc:tgo:ul :cc:utcz :t:oologi c:t:u Aig:ist:
jlc:tgo: :cc:uits :t|:oologists io: Aig|:ist: Acc
v:ul:o, ul, . |ttwwwccv:ul:oi:tc::tio:l
io:cig:_olic,A:utuc:ic::cc:utcz:t:oologi
Aig:ist:_0_!-!1!.|tul, cccsscc cto|c: !, !010
\cltc, \o:tgouc:,
!00. A:t|:oolog, :c ou:tc:i:su:gc:c, I|c t::gc to:,
oi I|ci: u:ious kcltio:s|i \ilit:, kcvicw, \:c|
A:il |ttwww:u,uil:oicssio:lw:iti:gvoluucs
voluuc!ugust_!00._0._!|tul, cccsscc cto|c: !,
!010
\itc|cll, ucs
!00- A:IlkllGY : low Io Wi: l:ic:cs :c l:
uc:cc Aig|:s l:oc|u:c |ttwww|ox:cts|:cc
-:ou++1c, cccsscc cto|c: !, !010
:ctwo:| oi o:cc::cc A:t|:oologists
!00- I|c ou:tc:ou:tc:i:su:gc:c, \:ul, o:, :otcs o: Dc
uilit:izi:g Auc:ic: ocict, |icgo l:ic|l, l:cigu
:i:i, kiiclc
!010 l:l l:t:oolog Auc:ic: \o:tgouc:, \cltc
Vi svclo i vc:i vt: jAmerican Anthropologist \o:tgouc:,
\cltc sc|s lll s|ow ,ou t|c :cl vt: o::ic:c
ccll c:, \:c| . |ttwwwco::ic:citscttcoli
10_u:zo_0.visvcloivc:ivt:_oico||+0!+11ci
+c-001++i0!|cs|tul, cccsscc cto|c: !, !010
l:icc, Dvic l
!00 lilic:cc c|ol:s|i Dcvsttcs Gc:c:l lct:cuss Coun-
terinsurgency Manual ou:tc:lu:c|, cto|c: !0 |tt
wwwcou:tc:u:c|o:g:icc10!0!00|tul, cccsscc
cto|c: !, !010
!00- ou:tc:i:su:gc:c,s l:cc kicc I|c l:css :c lu
u: Ic::i: ,stcus ou:tc:lu:c|, A:il |ttwww
cou:tc:u:c|o:g:icc0+0!00-|tul, cccsscc cto|c: !,
!010
!00-| Alcttc: W, to lill luu: Ic::i: ,stcus, A:t|:ool
ogists :c t|c W: i: Aig|:ist: ou:tc:lu:c|, Dcccu|c:
1 |ttwwwcou:tc:u:c|o:g:icc1!01!00-|tul, c
ccsscc cto|c: !, !010
kc:zi, l:cc
!00o :ctwo:cs Ic:: l:cog:it :c t|c sc io: lt|:o
g:|ic l:tclligc:cc \ilit:, kcvicw, ctcu|c:cto|c:
|ttuscclcvc:wo:t|:u,uilAuil:cvicw
l:glis|scoct0okc:zici, cccsscc cto|c: !, !010
kicgcw,, ucs, D:icl c|ulu:, :c Dvic o::
!00 I|c:cs ouct|i:g |out \:, D:us|i:g Gu: lo||,
\olc \ot|c: o:cs, ul, !0 |ttuot|c:|o:cscou
olitics!000t|c:cssouct|i:g|outu:,u:us|i:g
gu:lo||,uolc, cccsscc cto|c: !, !010
ko|cc, Dvic
!00 A:u, l:lists A:t|:oolog, i: W: Zo:cs :cw
Yo:| Iiucs, cto|c: . |ttwww:,tiucscou!00
100.wo:lcsi0.ig|:|tul, cccsscc cto|c: !,
!010
|c|tu:, :o|
!00 \o:tgouc:, \cltc Dsc A:t|:oolog, i: \ilit:,
ll::i:g Wi:cc, ctcu|c: !! |ttwwwwi:cccou
oliticslwugzi:c1o10sl_ucitc, cccsscc cto|c:
!, !010
!00- :o il Iiuc io: A:u, o:t:cto: i: kcvc:gc lilli:g
Wi:cc, \, |ttwwwwi:cccouc:gc::oou
!00-0.:o|iltiuci:|uu:tc::i:sl,i:g, cccsscc
cto|c: !, !010
|,, |:isto|c:
!00- |oulc A:t|:oologists Go to W: Il\l, Dcccu|c:
1! |ttwwwtiuccoutiuc:tio::ticlc0,.--,
1-+0-.,00|tul, cccsscc cto|c: !, !010
t:::c, \tt|cw l
!00 \o:tgouc:, \cltcs \issio: : :c A:t|:oologist
lossi|l, tcc: t|c ou:sc i: l:q : l::cisco |:o:i
clc, A:il !- |ttsigtci:iocgi|i::ticlccgii~c
!000+!-\GlQl1-VD1DIl, cccsscc cto|c: !,
!010
t:to:, o|:
!00- Gc:c:l Dvic lct:cus lvo:itc \us|:oou : os c,
ost kic Wiscu:
toc|u:, l:|
!00- A:t|:oologists W: Dct| kcvc:|c:tcs losto:
Glo|c, lc|:u:, 1! |ttwww|osto:cou:cws
wo:lcuicclccst:ticlcs!00-0!1!:t|:oologists_
w:_cct|_:cvc:|c:tcs, cccsscc cto|c: !, !010
Wci:|c:gc:, |:o:
!00 I|c lc:tgo:s ultu:c W:s :tu:c +..;!,.!
..