Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
données
Chap 1:
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Chapitre 1: Nature des données et des bases de
données
I. Statistique
II. Données
III. Statistique Descriptive
IV. Statistique Inférencielle
V. Guide éthique et pratique statistique
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But du Cours
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I. Statistique, Données & Bases de données
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Eléments, Variables, et Observations
Eléments sont les entités sur lesquelles les données sont
collectées. Element=Unité d’analyse
variable = une charactéristique pertinente d’un élément
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II. Données, Base de données
Eléments, Variables, et Observations
Observation Variables
Elément
Noms Bourse Ventes Earn/
Company /an($M) Share($)
Nana Lt
Kouyate Inc.
GHA 73.10 0.86
MTN
Coris Insurance
CERAPEX
Base de données
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Typologie des données
Types de données:
Nominal Interval
Ordinal quotient
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Typologie des données
Nominal
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Typologie des données
Ordinal
Une donnée ordianale a toutes les propriétés d’une
donnée nominale. Mais en plus de cela l’ordre
ou le rang est important.
Un label (code) non numérique ou numérique
peut être utilisé à cet effet.
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Typologie des données
Interval
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Typologie des données
Interval
Example:
Fanta a une note de 18/20, alors que Tanga a une note de
15/20. Fanta a 3 points de plus que Issa.
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Typologie des données
Ratio
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Typologie des données
Ratio
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Données Catégorielles et Quantitatives
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Données Catégorielles
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Données Quantitatives
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Typologie des données (Echelle de mesure)
Données
Categorielle Quantitative
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Données transversalles (cross sectional)
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Données en séries chronologiques
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Données en séries chronologiques
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. Panel data:séries chronologiques transverales
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Origines des données
Etudes experimentales:
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Origines des données
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III. Statistique Descriptive
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Example: Hudson Auto Repair (Mécanique)
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or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Example: Hudson Auto Repair
91 78 93 57 75 52 99 80 97 62
71 69 72 89 66 75 79 75 72 76
104 74 62 68 97 105 77 65 80 109
85 97 88 68 83 68 71 69 67 74
62 82 98 101 79 105 79 69 62 73
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or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Tabular Summary:
Frequence absolues et relatives
Exemple: Hudson Auto
Fréquence
Coûts ($) Frequency relative
absolue
50-59 2 4
60-69 13 26
(2/50)100
70-79 16 32
80-89 7 14
90-99 7 14
100-109 5 10
50 100
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Résumé Graphique: Histogramme
10
8
6
4
2
coûts ($)
50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 90-99 100-110
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or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Information numérique de statistique
descriptive
L’information de statistique descriptive la plus commune
est la moyenne.
La moyenne est une mesure de tendance centrale
de la variables d’intérêt.
Etant donné les 50 coûts de visites techniques, le coût
moyen de Hudson’s est de $79
=somme des coûts divisée par 50.
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IV. Inférence Statistique
1. Population 2. Un échantillon de 50
Tous les coûts. Visites techniques
Coût moyen inconnu. est étudié.
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V. Guide Ethique de la Pratique Statistique