Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 11

La Fabrique des images

VISIONS DU MONDE ET

FOR

sous [a d irecto

MES DE LA REPRESENTATION
de Phtippe Descota

s0M0cY
IDITIONS

se d q u

Br n

D'ART

Sommaire

lr

Introducto

Miirer

de voir, ruir'es dc figurer

21

LIn monrle

23

Pr'scrrttion per Philippe

'11

an.im

125 Un

Descoh

:
l'iguretion elrazonicnnl:s
de l':irn ct dcs cops
Vrir corrnre

un Autrc

127

139

Minirurcs ct vriions
chez les

cl'chelle

lnuit

i h toile :pcrnnrres
etrle

Llrl.t de lir conncxio,r : tadiiorrs


fig ntives et pclccptiorr des inagcs
en terrt cl'Anheur r.stlienne
lFssr!:A r)E LA r.Y rrrr\L\

Corps et hns d'r1r)riux


en SiLr ie : c1e 1'AmorLt rnimiclttL,
i 1'A1tri rnrlogiquc

11

Lln wonda objectiJ

73

Prsentation

101

Dc l terrc

FrrAN(()!:r !)uss^RL

FRi )irL . LAL:(jR,\N )

arl

lrsenation pt Philippc Desr:o1t

:rcrvljclues dc l'Australie

117
53

monde subdvis

pr Philippc

Le penrrc ct

h ftbrique

1e sar-ant

163 (Jn wonde


l)escoh

165

135

dcs inreges eu siicle

Prsenttior)

en.cheutr

pl

Philippe Descolr

Anirmu:rirnaginaircs
et tres conlPosites

11'or de 1;r peinnrre holhndaist:

193
I

13

ul

rptirion poLrr ellc-mnre'

lcs arts itretiR

Lr "photo graplic',
erltrc n)tlLre et ilrtcfict
Nl o\ ieut srcARr)

ru

\iARY NO()T[]r lrOnl

203

Biblio!rcphe

22\t Liste des euures exposes

Sirrrllurrir dc visions :le rrirrila


dans lcs ituels et l'rt cles Huichols
]OIJANNEI NFLJIlATII

21

Sngal

Maniires de uoir, mdnires de.fiqwrer


l.rr ru,t,ovcrscs Llurrrt i h sl$l]..nrr d.\ |.ifnrr.r drns ls g,oncs rr Ie, Jc l.L pril$Lorc 0dqL cnr r*cz
,u nfc i,rngc Jort le rqcr rr f,ourrDr (or t I f: r.co ,.,1\\;,1]l. ,, cr tN n,r,,Jil.r.t .rf!ft,.
Ll. n.,n,nrh c,lrro,,,r J hurs. cr .. !n fi\odc d Lrn .ir ,lc ( h\sc qini !o,ir!ur r, r iss,a
pof i,t,tn,,!.i in,,ut; Est.c uri. \!u... n r,!tl,. I j.rnrtr tcnll, \o9n.uit urrc iru1c oi lc:
1r! n.rifr .t l.s .,ninr n)\ vivric,,t ci) tr.,nic rt.llig..? lr .. !t l n.t dr\ fn rliq,uni, imcl ricsLrri

jnrrr d.\ fr i.: bo(ln,si Et L. uiic gliii..,r,oir irD nrrl qu {r I rfft ? a, L,i8n)c d'u,i
gio,|rhunr?Pco,.rccrtLcdnecti] crt lrsr,J.u d..oni..tur.r u. on'c r, r Jogrc Ncr
\ir rl.\ i,.rq.\ f:,irc\ Jcs oul.Ltrors .1. .l]jr.!rj .onr. tor,,i,'. cn utJ,e or u
...tr.li!r
..ll.j .l ds f.i.!s dc L.r(rua .f (1c lx sntte
Krlhrn, L!)r .r iin,.ns.l.r dr'(. t.nrt!allc !u,
"p.R
(lh.LU\..r.1.s!rrg.\..p,1.,.f,F,t(llc\n,rc,:utr,rcqrchcoDis r..dc\.li.$tncfrqulc,
.,it .,.\ .h.hr..r I |,!d! ! rr' ..nr :i {lui cllc\ t.u.,it dr\lnr.\ J.r.r r. irfft ltc dr ii{nr dc
ll .ulturl. r)ir prr.. q!. ..(r, cof *r(. iiinr:hc lcc lc tcr,,s :i lrrLrrt d t . f,(1,. nrl
r
rio, i ,.oi r)losqrL.. .r q 'u,r.!1!r.Il.rsNornrdi\'.rlcr1cnorrrrerrouspc,,.rd.rriliyr\
Il ,i\c.c,t.\ 9u. .j.$ sol.r t.r.p.i].\ |.,r.li lcs riclcs ct l l!,!rr:.1.s p\'.nf..\
I,( ,\u .t!... rtu'cll!s figutur sojr r..ofij\.rLn., (lc. l,.,lc\ s ri.,.,nie\.u rrs loiDrr.s |.!v.,r
o (.
rcillc,c.,rurlcJi"i.1p.u,.l.dsoir,l|iri.1rr*ncntourr,rc.phrs"nd.tr.nr,l.f
ll c\t t \ir n cst ,rrlr,e pru probrlnr !u. lc\ nor)\ f io\ .c$.,it,$ $i.tr .r.r.nr.nr i.n
riq!.\:,..ll.s (lf, t1o,i,i nc,it : ..\ n,irgrs l irc. d.tj\r .t l (rr,rht rgl"uite dott.ll.s t,,.,,t
ir\'.jt .s frr..u\ ou rur cllcs Nricrrt ti llir. Mi\, rs l n,lo ti d$ r:.rr, ccs clic* Le DrL plus
gu,! fc.u\.bo,nri' dln.nr:citii,,c,irJ'nrq,1r,drd.vtlting.,i. 1c,t,ic\ ni,]gc\ o!.ru
.ornri,!,..(. i.i\r:,1n) ,lc rcr o,r,rioc qrclLpr ch,\. d. tuili.r q!. l on f,ourc rlNIt U, qurlib,c
linr.ltNi.olir.n.fr'rs\io!,1.rir,it,iuSrg.\nl.td.rftuosit(1,,\Ic\(rio,i.L$crpc,r\
s.ronrsnsdof.,of\.1i,.rn,,tcloutcltrcJ'r,ijcqtir.l\'.d.l.f.of,t.,r(e,rlcsrte.1uurL
r,!.Lr.ur rtt.nafo, r .st),!r \i\ii (tf. (tuc ,li()\e i.\ nitcirrnrrs d n j.!lPt.r)t nahni\i.. {l ri, f' ,
c dr I Erprgirr dr \id. J or o! L)n l,o,t,r,, dc r,.,qrc Jr Ljrnl ..rial iis il l .rpfr.Llr i t bi ibc.
l1\rnt .j.rloq!.\.r d.!.f\,Scs \rrit\,..,,ni,r rrLrr d. .o'fs d. t!j(t, $
u,e c*[nrLc p.LrtictliJ,c,.r jr\ r'. nr.{r1 ,]c \c,ct.ci dls h n,ir $ !s.s qfi p.nfl "..
,,N$ cr iio. \ic au.11.rr rr r!.,r rtu .n ( i ,rr ro, hLt i rlcs ntijorrts .o\'.rlonf.ll.\ tt,.
nr.rr (1cn,i tr.\.(lcllcs.,soirt.\Jr ll..rrd.r?.lri\tu,,i(tDccrgog,rpl,iqf.:jl!ds,!\.id.\
b.,n\ {li rb, itci)r c" .ollc.ri.ns d .rrr .!rcpa., r,,s.! trr toqfe\, J$ ,,tr1scs .( sir !f. oLi
rcornt rlrs olc* quc lrr) .L pi\ l'l).rb,t,d! d. .on\idrr a. i:s l,irrc' cntircs gur l.\ obi.tj d rl
o.. d.frfa,.l.\ ruic' ctlrt,gnpl,rLcs oi litr rrS. l.\ .rft.ti,.ti (lui c tk[iein,!,,t ,ri AJi. iri d.
1O.rid.,r.u {\ lgc. d.\,irsc\ $ ri.ir..s.t d.s r..hlqf.: on lon nrre Lld,,,rcl,rtcs cL dct
r.fr\.nnr\ cf il. \ t t!\ ,icir(rr rtu, ir'.ri.t( fs d. rif.rlir ai\ lcniirlc."x,is.oitt.r1.1
nr\\r irin,c,jc rl.\ inrS,,r {lc ncs !)rc\ !tu, i).u\ r\nillrnr nrt l.\ n,nN Ll., villcs. r1u,s h rcssc cL I r
l.s divdj .[.\ q!. r\ t](tf.t(n {:l).,q!.lour. M.Lis ..J \, L,diviriors dc rrc r onn,,orlit rrt ,tus
.hn.r gr r:,. jur I.s rlro, rt L, o,,rstcr e,,r 1.. iirrrll.\ :it .h d$ .o,rk'rn\ nllrl( \ \n,gulic, r
Llclcurttud,.r1lrr.rdrl.urr.ct\nr,rdcL:ldc'rrii,,it,LlcrLrlc.d.rfr.r\ioctd.r,.h.tluctr)|l.
i rl$ riorlcs |isLori.L rr cr ds .ull| all,\.., dcli c L..t.uric\ l,i.ti.ns conn,urc' u cllc' 0,t
il

r \ r \rRr()L I t)l \ It \r;t \

I \1.r, L .

ir

r,rL,r,Lr

.1fj i'L\ I

(,,,,r rl)r( ltr r,r),,iLtL( (


\:i

.j,

Lle' sr'lrirrrc' tlgrrr'.rtit' crrrrrrLrrrr LLri r'1'r'r1,1,i1t inJietrJ.rtrrtnerrt

rl.r

(i.st

],

1j,,.., r,\,1\.

r,

\r ,. f,

\n (,r.,rr I r .lL i \lL

., i

,rLL ,

fr. r r\

()rr lr)l.lsrrrr. r't rltL(


l'r

orr rrc

(l(\ tr.riljtj()r)\ rrrltLrcllcs:

c.r firile sur liJc qrr.. lLrl rrc ri.ri.'crrtc rlLr( (. (lur lrn lcrrorr
inr,qinc
cl
qLrc rc qur J on .r.rplr' i Llrstrrt r ,l.rr' lc tlrrr Lle' irrrr'c'
crioit

lc ,rri (lLrr L()rr.r l.rir

i,i ll

iltrcI)()Lr\.r\()rr\ll,rlritLrrlcLlclrtcr.(rLr ( Jrrrct.,tLLr chosi' LLri ror' , rrr ironrer ()Lr i rrllc\ (lLrr l)()Lr\
rrorrr ligrrrors {1.r\ (jtr. fi)r intcLl. I: gnr'.r1. ce' ,Lr.rlirtr lirrrrr,.rt
'r'tirc i lrrrrr'rcr'tlc Li. ,1Lrc
lorr .r1.c11 r.rLlitionrrellcrerrt ,l.. orrtologic'. l:n l:rrlol,r' .t .r Arrreilrrc LlLr NrrlJ. .rr' .\ril)Lr. l.\
()n(
rrl,,Lrt,,rr'. l.r.rLrorrrrrljlc. (t lc \(rj,l tr llr.,jrrr!lri r! \L'rr l, \
rrc rlr''
'.1tt' r)l()l,lrL\ :il\ l
1r.1\ Jc rclrrscrrt.lr)tr ir(r\.lLr l).lrlr'r)r.r)t rlrrlrr si h..rrr,orr1' lrr1.r) (D lr'LrI rrorr . il' r rrrr lr. Lli'
Llroits irrtrrrrsiqLrc.. ()rr rrf |ctrt l).r\ l.Lrr l.lir( Ll. ,rorLs:(.1.r \r.rr rlc (f !luf.,l.rrrs rrot|r'Lrrrtologrc

Ii ,liit,1t .()n\l.rt rlrL( l.r chirrric ct l.r lrvriLlrrL Jcs rorrs 1rrl.rrrrr r \()r)t lr.r\ Lli'lnLtc' ile telles Jc'
i()r|\ ,lrrirl).lrr\ ct riqit.rLrr. r,,ll, ,l. ,rll,. ,lc. ,r'cti.rr. lc t,rir qLrr' lct irLIr.rirr' l,.lllcrrr. \'r||o\ct)r !1.\
tl.rr' lc rrrorrLl..li oir rl rLrLrc' ortoloqre' \r \(rrt J\cl()||i\. rr1)r trllc Llr*o,i.rrjorr n,r guire J. \r\ rl
lorl tcrrLlr.r .rrr rortr.rirc i tr,,r I,' r()r lrunr,rjn\ innrc Llc'
' , r l,rir Lle' qLr,tlrri. srti.rle' orL
l,rr,ltr,lLr.r ,Lr orr liLrr 1'ri rrtt ttrrtrvct.t .tlot' rtLrltt.tL..r),'\rlr.r,,()ric rr cr Sililic. lt r\rntl)lr. (lr
I

r r rrrr.rrrr

d.,,d.r i f rIi,rrL (t!. L .,r , 1sr Llr rrc prs rc !.i)g.t. of .nitr (1. t:,irc tctter f,ir,oirusd.
four l.r f !, r Ll. i. n,r,o.luih, ri,N qrr lc nL jrdij,. gor !..f .n N4ogoli.
Mlg l q, ,(lr ,li!.,s rlc, ru rlts quc l'o,, cL L dr..r.r ,\ l.\ n.' ., l.\ , hrxcs. or 9uc l'ort
.tr l,l.insrblc rlc c.,cr
rlinr.\otj{rr\rl.fr.,tf.a,,r.rrlcu,.oi)+rrrn,.r.il
t.,rrli.riptl
qrc l.\ \!nin.s . , !lir\ .u\ ,r1rn.\ fr ni,r f.,\ tr\ .o,,rt,ruur. c cnit .. (tu. pon! (1.! i ,o,i\
d!!,r'ir.ogirr1!.:lrs o,dosi.! qLri,l.t,ro\ i,itia,r.\ rtuLr I h rt,r. d.r rho!.\. Ll. ri,t. tNr
lc ro,,Lt',r .lr ur$ r( \.in d.rlf.l' ,.u\ l,.nr.,r\ \tric \ii)rlL.ui,rr n.\r fr ill ,lr l), r',r.
il ,,! r t..l).,1,1.,,i.rr fr\ tl,\ d. qr. .rlogn\. (h.,(nirc rrg.u,rc "rlLD lrs.otrfus o! l.'
L{ ,ctrc 11.\ c\\r.uir\ ..Dgr.\. of!.r' i .,
L1\(.,iiiuit\.lur l l)urrriirj d.r)1..r.n..r\.
on.,,tcc r lr otJl. pli) th\!q,r.t f,o,l .
A,r ru .\ i(li(:.\q!!llc,i,rl,\tu..j.t'.!r.rii.r,rr.r.,rLi.rt,,ini.c,ihrl,LrLortrlrroLJsra
bl. (1,i !,ro .,r\in,ii)ci,,r,,t to$d. u,rr ,trioril \. bJ,,|1. i l.i m,rllc :.r,rr,.rl..rrLctLcL. phnLr ,rL
\lf,tL. .l,ias.ri(:r. t.,.ettil,lr tr, \6 cits. .lL {f,1,1.. t(,r on,r' ,,ro,,.,iin,ic J'nir.,,tio,rs fntr.\,
..rt,nrl.,l.,,,io\.t,1ciugc,,,.,it\truu(ri)...1'i!rt..,lpfrc..l,hvsnt,rcv*lI:ellerllr,i,tlci
n,t.r..prr,iliiitrg,xicn,ctrllr,ior:r:coL..,r..pIn.\,d.llll\orlcfiurllc',rlot&JIls,
. .rg.oir.!.u,1. ,.r ir.s,iii(.,frblc Jr i\i\.c l)oi\ .1 .! o! dr \. Ll1,1.,..r cr 1c,r,rr.rtnc .rrLrr
$Lot\io((
tridr,.t
t.rU,crrl,rirol(,ijrqrcLorLilirtarni.ulir...ivii,c,i.ici,
..r\!r... !i). .\iil... l{i,,,1!. Iu,rnc,\{lL,rrrccr.r'r:LrtrLkldun,iru,.qt,tt,cst1-.r
i!rpl,s.rLidLfhuni,ourl,r,,l.,..,.,i,lrr.JcLc"r,rrrs:Llhrsl.r.ofrlltio.t1.!{,1
rxr r l .r.t, rli\rrFr . loi.to,!oigrniq,r.\\ignLi,csqrrl$rrLr6r\ticctr,.t)oi!(1.,rtr! ln1t..tr
crr per*r, qrc h lL .r'r .\ .yt,,r, (1,,i n, cnv,ru,.c.t rorrld,r i ..\ .r.rri\riqf.r I lcfi inL
n,.,n.,nr.,iiil\\.(]itrii)gc,tJ!i,()i pri Lur irtn,crtltr ,1r.
,ioiit,,'.,r!,rciLlir.r..1
lc
tvc
rlr1,l,rrrorr.
!LL,
ill.,r
f'.r.r d:...n,t,li, ct r lcs oit. Llc rrc cormti !m,... frir.

il Lrur orii u [,r,Je


!.orrnu,rctcllcrrrtrJc,.g,ii.rli\rr(\.svstt!t,r,nrrngrorrl'l,rlru,s,o,rcLLr,lrt
,l r,r"rr. n,,c .ioL{)gic .rrrrrL Ir .rrrrl lcs lrc|cr5 d Anr.,7o1. .r du ,ro,J Lle l'AIri, nL c rlu Notl.
S!d L\t.r
Ll,,\1.,ir..,,(hltu.cru,Srt,irre,etrLrnrrlccLrrr,r,.t.rr,1 ,.ir.\l,of!l,ti.itLlAr.J,
Ll.N4h\i.Lcsrni,rurlslrrrte".lr\.\1t\...ri\obl.(.v\onrru'ctr.utc'corrUrcrlctLrson
f$.11.\,,s.,r\ it,riho,i,icl\ (,it o,i rlll qr'il\ ot rr.:,i.".r.tr
i (11,. u,rc Ii{!lt d. dh..iir.,.t(
rr o,,.1, Ll. .o nnrnni( ,tr),r d Jr iulro,,dir rrurl qui Lr l:ir d.s,Lrifi rlc [n, nrrt.rcr lt\!]Lrls
trlui Jctr
liihi.rii\f.(L!.rr.,r{J.nir(l$iaLtr(,i\ct(tr,r.\!r(\.l)rl:ird.tr,.tu,noIrlrgr
,odlt(
i
rcllc. rle
{,it
rfuts
\'(rgr,)i.rr
ilor
d.\
,lgucs
rr r..oir!.,1 tJl!|,i d.\.ri,t.,f
h,,!.n\ il\ !.r l.!r\ n,,,ir!,\,l.n, \ . h.ri cr l.f.\ .li.ui)rt.\. \. i i.,r nlot l.' , ljl.i d, rigulur cr
;rorirUrr :r .\.i(L.l\ lir\.f,.,1s,h,hfiir,rr{1c\,,1,c\pl)!\i,!.\.1.oni,ufi.,,ti,)f.trfos,1,l.
gi.,ir.Ll.,ri.r.rrjl.s,.\.r\1.!,.llditi(lliu,ri,rLlc:h,nrrs,f.\r,tf.l.',.,f'c\
u,i\.rlc\.L,rr.\mrr!!j.ofrnr.\if,flc\!.turnc,sia{of\r.nirJc.xrti,loiirssiLi.({\ri{lirt
rrrbLc'llcl,.n,:rcrJrr.Jig.\sisi1.rit\A.r,l.,ursd,trt.noticsJe"Ltrsir.!l'a\.
( l clt .rr t.,,iuit l'ntr.i \r .lr i p,'rr r \ l.r n,ia,. dr roi, {lni i,.r" rr h plL,\ ldrilir.. .11.
tlon,ii,c.ii ()., ci)r d.fLL qrrl,LU.t !r:.1.s:of l.( \,1o.1..\. [\ ltrn,i.u,a !rirl.sj.!L ] to\{11.
u. irri i(, !iic\lir.u,iriirr.ir(o)irilLr.l.r..f.,it(l.rrirrii)cii,c,,r.,!.Li\ijjnmrr.h.,rn
g .,,d , t,n,rr, c\ iui lunrn,s.LrleLr:cllLirlstiquc'thr'iquc.;ro,rnlrlcsr:urijes.Lsro,r,rr
ofl.\t.,fillon\.1.!icrt,,,c,,iirllrsLn:g1.|.r,d.\li\dotrr(fricrist.nit,ir\ru,1t\'.r..,fr.r
()r p.!t .,1,t.]., rrtrrrirrr r ctc lirr: Ll irli,rr ds q,.rlit! , lc\ ( h.\.\ ( r, cllc , J'.11,.,J ft r .1rr
. ,,.rr. .nr (ol i. d.,f. l rn l,ifu(1!ir u ,,i(iitrlr. r( .rl.r N!r l tt ni,: riis ,h, l l*oiru Jt l IL
rrL(i. .n!. .. Ltnl i.lavc (lc 1., ri,tfrc, ui, o,,LLnrr Jf rr{r l.ra\ fh}.i(lucr , inrbLc" cr gour., rrLts
f .j fri,i.lf.\ , v. { li, .t (. tloi irlr.r Jc 1., !,Lit rt d. l .l(,t..1,\ , (.,itio,\ l,u,,,.Liirs Jrs
r., t. l.!1 dn.sir iniru.. ll . ,{,hc !ii. (1!,( i.,tio,, .trtu lr sfht d.\ hrnrrii, icnl\ ..,frt,l|" Jr
rls..i,(,.r r.rr o, i.l, d.,.ri\,i \l,b)rl ct rlr \i. r).,rl.. rr l.r iir( l. ir,.{ (lci,r, lu,,rrr,,.
\our:rrdi\rrr..,i.r.h1,,,1..oian{'\ir.c,{lN).ira(rrroLl.,:tr'!.,.ftr..niliho,i,,.tr.!t
{ iiiLrgniei ct \\{ii(ir.r 8i.i) q! .11. ,,ir r',if f\'iblc u,, rlircl4prrrtcrr tr\ p.d.,r (1.! n i.,r '
cr(lr\fu.lii)iqrL!:...trroirol.g,.gln,.,t.fpo,r*i,,,o,rsclcr,,rdc"dr:s..I,t.,1.,.,r,1c.

LA FARIAU D!S

'MAGIS

nui\ rusi et rtrrour dc rcdrc diincileniert .oLriptheDiibles dcs culturcs qui ,r'trient tis lbndees r
les nime\ tr.ltes C bicn des otion5 ru ,1!,,ven desqleles Dous pcnsons la corrologie rlorlerre
- niture. .uliu, socir, hisoirc. p.osr' - rt e,I rrht !!$l rccrcs qfc les rlit5 qrielles clssnenr,linges q'elles lu.nt i prtjr de l . .{u xun'slcle pour rcDdrc co1pc de' borert,senre,Lt\
subis pir le\ so.lts euopcnncs cllcs n ont donc ru.une pertnence pour Fndrc co.rfte de ciriiiutios qui,.'r,vrDt prs .orn l ml. tr-lccton e hist,rrlque. te fo11t ts p$er lcs ftonircs ctre hunl,nn\
ct noD huDn,\ li o ros les rs nors rtes tLlies.
Unc roiiinie lirmle,prtlcuhrernt bicn ills e p.le 0lrrrr ! fnLie, conrstc ltc lcs dcur
prnrcs c ce qlielle .ho1t d ignorer lcs drcoDnruits ent, 1r mn et non h!ni$ su lcs tlds tn
nol qle plysiq e eD metuni flLtt licccnt r le pltge, u \ei. dilne clse lone, d u cnscrntle
de quaLis ipfliqu.t rdifirenert:i des huDains e: dcs obJd' nrrtek.TDlTnlsei par les scmcnccs
d1 trotorlpc arccstr], ccs qurl,ts ne reoient !s tDr i lx fone de\ c.rp\ qu'tu r,brnces don ils
qu'ih raiferent. Bndt rl tl$ \4.r!r
sont 1l1rs, aux disposirions qui le\ hrbtent, r
"teflrtrnict,
blble l'ide d unc rclxrLon d idenrir cnrre de\ espces d'ptrcnccs rs di*re.te' Les quihts .onDes
aux rebres de l cl6sc des htrmnr.cles kugorrors, des rousiqcs,dcs is,iner srnvrges les rerdert
.I,rents eD bloc dcs rncrrcs d ruhes .hsses de ce type qul contjcDnc.t d autic5 hunin.s. n usi des
nieus, des golnns, dcs alcincs olr cles r.r.n\. Cl)+,e cla$e esr i uto.onre sur le phr ornnog$re
en ce q 'ele carne unc c$cDcc prticuli,e lo.ili\e dns ! sire pcs. quoiqu clle soit rlpenrhnte rles
ues .hses sur le pl foDctronncl pou l .c\ rur conjors: u: rcrritoircs de cla$e, aN \erv,.es
itucls En6, .hrqtre clse iidentlfic cn prerie.llen pJ le ,!n de sotr tore. un trc qui vcutldis iur
l tcrc. rn (terps ! l|'e,, cr dot so.t ph,vsiqueniet rsrs les nrelbres huins ct no. lunir.,
du g.oute .tu'J nr.rie. Bietr quc cct trc soit tis 5ournt d\ig tr le on d u nml, c est plu6t
I'ivcsc qul est v,li : Ie totenr esr DoDn d xlrs l q l,i qui e\t sr Lrirqre dtiDc.c cr l.nDl Nquel
rl cs idcntin rorte e rlit le noi dc cclc cj'. Cch slgrine qn'rl toteD D'eit pas uc c+,cc .Drle
doDr lcs propts ru ie t p sear i crrcrscr l cl 5e hvbr e qui e11 tro.de, c'es un cscrb1c
d aribuh bposaiis r.\ un ,n de .t!lir qui sct x!$i i dsiErer une esp.e inrale.
L dcri1r ior.,ule nNer\e l pcdenre Ao licu quc des luns et des o-huts soie!.1sionnas
selD d'uc cl$c dlr fit q!'il\ pirtgenr one esencc cr dcs slbsrances.o,nmures. c'est !u.orL.Lirc
tortes ies composaDtes <1u nrc.e, n,u\ l. tats er les quxlirs {tliil .onie.t, toes le\ prrtles dont les
errDr3 sonr faits quj sc roleni.l\h.gus les 1T des rues ct difrccis en a r:mt d'l,enrs rgllers.
A l nanlre dcs rr ru. (les llix M le Esences' de la Chnic ancienne, ou.le ]a 1-rride d'ertits
.onrposrnt l r grdc chic dc l e ds l covologle mdillc, olr cDcorc dcs tti lbnt\ du .osrlos
"
hopi i..irs Flr des ccraincs d csp.irs tsn,r, .ette otologle reposc rr lc fi..ionncnie.t ct ]'n ni

co5e''.lhr qlr' ron.le lbrm d'un rf$j grand no.rbre .1'1lmrr' ltur lt.ctenr, polr qu il sor rrc hLitL]e de
prisonier
dn bsrrd, ll faut que l'o puissc rclicr dns ul
f.ro pnhlt e sins qre l'on i! scntc trorr

durt.

.les

protrits dcs trcs ct dcs

rcnts 5nrgulie puse rrc pcs]c far lcs

. tiple\ prrt,es dont ll es constlru. Or, d.s leurs fo, n,c\


vi'lble'..e\ es en corNtondnce rc|osenr rolrtes s r l fiSLre de l'r ogici. cst lc .6- prr
cxcDiplc, dcs corrhtio,N entre dcrccosic ct 1ciDcolne q trLrh\\e t certattr systcs diliatoircs.
d. la thorie rdi.le .les signres, de l gou.cic chnroise et :Ltii.rnle o de l'ide quc dcs dsor
dres so.uux incere, prJlrre. rbndor des rlrcs cntnincrt der crtrstmphes chntiqles C'esr pourquoi
l'on pcu appeler,r,lo.(',.ette oDtologle dc litoDlistion et de h,e.oIpositlon qi ftr doinrntc
er !urolc dc I'Anriquit : h RenslD.e e doDt on trclvc cnco, rinres ill strtions coDrertorJin.\,
plrl lcs gDdes .ivilbation\ .]'()rie t, etrAfriqu. .tc 1Olcst ou dn' le\ .oD,trtnuts ndieDnes des
ADdes et d Mc:iquc. Fce u .ontrt que le nrond es rcupl d'tnrc innit .le smgdrrtts, il frgrt r.,,
u ftnd, d'orgffcr cclles ci c chrnres \iglifites er en rblcau: dittrlbuts tonr tc.tcr.le.loe ordt
rscau de correspordances systrtiqucs lcs

lcs plus

2 l\rn! rq

sL

l;fl.s

,'
t.
'.r rli ,
qualis
ih.s
les objets d! mode rcurtnr
dtecte\
Ces q rtre srrs d.
L

xvi !;de

Dauirr! LLr

ntr

Jpuli,cnL de!

Lturr'

nx:2156

p.fos inQrner!i et li chrs


de\ o.tologles fortenrcDt cohrctes eTrnnxnt les prlnclples crcrriqfcs dc chcue rler lirnules
nt .1e\ .o,r.s tubll.s dc di\.cscs so|tes : it\ phildophqres er ndicrux, rcih iologiq et, m,vthes
oll discour\ it els.De.e point dc vuc,pr eremtle. (D pe t dre qle l'nnnisrc estbicn rct.set tr.

tt

tl

iil
iri't

rl

iI

il

hiLti.rirf o! l . iilog !. tr l .,ntogi. .! Ii)rcir rlc, rJc" Asrz r,.r1. Lor 1r() \...\ \\ {i,.. .
!t,.Llir\ ,r'.rs(.r !! I l rr d. t.,d.,f(. .n $ ,.( (tr,!i1, tI r,rll.,)r.,rt i fl, t,it , !. . 1.. .o | ,li.1
rlut rlo,,c lr" ftrih.i1. ..,n. 1.,
co,LUrrJc:"riro,r.,,,f.,r1,".\.,ro|,Ln,rici)r.\.il
t
,,
r\
,i
i
,ti.,r(.\
r, {,1. Jr l iJri,rir L c' .Io.ct L
r o,rqrcr., l,iro,,Lirl.i . !uln rr]r

ri.u\ciof.ci)t(trL9u.i)orsnrrg,r..!.NLf,tr(.(1rrlhl,r,,r,rt,rrblrJlL,olilrrl,torlLL'c
d. ( \ tyf.\ nitiiaitr.: \.l.ir lr' .n.oir..\. ., s lr\ jnq.nr.,it\ (1 rl.rihr t.r u. c,rn gu rl .Lr r.L rt,r
(1.,f(. :, Iio(lnnc (rcilc r ir)\r rtfxrric,ir i llll. .rtgorir rt rrt irr .,f!. .tr.( rLLr of t.ll. .LUttu !ll*.)
tilort 1., LL,.,, t rlu tc,ns 1r nc J'rrrlirrrrr. , n lig i p.r ' 1., o rmur,.rnti .,r, ,ril rlc l.,qurllr rl .L iLi
1.!a .r v!,rli\r Aiir,.lr tiir t.u. u,i l)iolosi\t. . .or,\r lr.r i l ,\ (.,!ioii {,, ioio',(,f.itni.iiLLi,.,,.!
rf i \,.o,rr,t,rD quc l
",.rlorl\n,lon,i,f.,ilii,v!itli,ttni.ii,i.a.r,i..rrrnrtrt!.,,.trtr.
..ll(lr\it!il nri. nor f,\ di,itnuir rr (lLL'rllr' !,Lrt iSi.\ l)J l.s irrn.\ ,,i,riiiri.s fri, r
q!.1! Lt!. nriL'r l.i ) i|,ii,rc\ ,rr9url" rllr. .,tf.r tirt.irr ( ,. i irr'.. ! .Lr rLt! ' (, lir
c,t fs i.Lrl. n.r ,.i (1.\
,L!, \rr!.(,r. ..rrr .\f!itnr .r 1tn. lrr ugcDc,,r J nlc,,uLi rtc i\pr
i)o..., qr'il\ n,r,,o.\ r,ribl.s (1.,,r. 1., ,,,r ,gc., qrr. tigriar. r,i !!ir...n d,,,. I\ol 1.,,,,.,ft,1.
otdogtrt!. { r.1
S, l . rr.,1. .r . ir. | U$.rri,l(Jf,:,tro,r r,ncr'cllcr i,r,\.,i {1.l.trtu.]l. .r oLrl.$ r,,. ir.
rr ,sn,r,,,1 r g.r(\ ,1r h ri. $. 1. f., r r ,u or 1u, (niiir 1., 1itrtioii Ll iroLtrc, r't rlL ' oL,
r,rr, Jr csurl,l.Lrr rrr tru.r!p. ri.l f I n.igin.ir ., rLtiLs ct i,,.tr,iia ii,nl,rrrr.rlc Llr ,r ,Jt i'
jr. f.u( .1,t'|.. !\.(in.,1n!i,rf.:.. t. [:9r.1r..,,rrL.s 1an!{.
',,tc, Llcs cl,rr. riritlr\
(lIr.u
itr,..r\,1.!t.r qLri,l. (.1tt, c* rcri'u,t.Ll'le.t !r ,Lr L rr. l.!r
fi(r,,iii,r)Lr r\lLL
,,,,.,,,lu,ullrri,:ri\ririrLi...!i.,\l.is,o,,Js,losrsctJlclltrrl,':.,
,n1.1c'. rrt it,r nrrrnrl ou rr.l,L,rLrri or fon.l\'.. r,ri. of r tig,r,i., fJ. 1r,ii,ii. ri.oi) !,1
L

f,.,\'f,hl. . ,t,r ,hr,, .,,.,i qrt lc vL1'1rx lr (,(i)riJ)..!r f.r.1, ..f, ir. nn .br..,ri' ,i,r,,,,ri.
ii\ (tr! l( r.Lr l. ri,hrnhri,c t obr.t c IorLio,t cr . irt((,. .. iri,1rr,r ot,, ,lr.,rtt i,r(n1.
.iir.,oi.Lr n,o(i.11. igfr.i.ir,.,..\fo,(l.uir...\t :L r. . tfr,l! r,,fg bL, t!!rr LL \f.(trrur
l. \r\ln,. . ,tn,lir\ .rf,ii,, 1.,,r cs i,,[gr". lr g.ir J,trnrio]it.rl r Lllg,r( (1,),rt (.' r,ii.,$r\
tri,\\.nr,[r!r.\.r1.\fu\.,,rt]1i):fou,qur.rllc0triuf!ir.rir.A,r.fnrrJLr..l.,htur:n(nr
.r.i)r,rpjdr\,!..(.\lainr.LLL\.1Llc,.,,rl,ct,vpc'rorolL,grr.\orI.'.,!\1,:,i., 1,,.,,lni.,u\l
rll.,uiJ iriLn.l.\ 1,.\.r'.1,, r [ ,,. (],rri. r),it()l()g,. cr l.:,i)o).ti rirrtrlo\,i |,iL (t1LL,r.ri,.,g.
tfri. llsuiri ..rt. i, r.( r! .r l.r ,!d,. .r r' IlL.r. ( .tr ,,ir. i,n tli.l,gir Jr!cht( .lr . l ,i , .h. .1,.

tl

r
llLur!.f.,iJr(t,\.rfrfto$i1.n,,,l.fn*1,,T(nrr.\lc'iii,.,gcri.()i!Ir:,r'oirtt\$,4..$.r
,,,c,,t u,t rh,,r,,r,r oLL,l('gqr r. tor r.r fr rvil.,r t.r l. n lr,rir $ !urlir\ ,tr, iitr)\rr rlu, !.1 l. , a.l
rtr fci\u rt tll, l.ui\ ur .or.rtf.r lrr rl t r.Lil.r ( . r.,rf' tit,rr J nIrqr. ti:!r.Lti\r. irl\.,,t .1
.tii.i)((,i\r\irtu$nr",iiri.nJnnrttrfr,,rrt\.llr\.nnrL,r.r\ni,,rc,iiriit.(titr,it,,rs(l1.
..,,,,1rt,.ri,i.r,hrl,[1ri,r,grrl,rert.lrl],i.rld,1r..d.r..'.rg. ,liri,.,g.i,U,(riti\.ii.tr.1 l.\
L,r,,g.\(,,inr\(l.l,ii,i,r(rrrll"ri:rtlc:r.riLrJrrg.\i.on,(tf.\,.Lliiii,J\iri)lrl,i:.h!J.
\
(lir.(r.
(
LL
\
tlr
l,
oLr
nroif\
i
11.\,iri,tio,\
.,!r!
u,ic
l{)..tLo
rr,n,oi
LtL,.,1.,\
t,Ln)$,+'l)ir
flf\
oi il!!l.lL,trrrrrds(oLr\fs.\.ii lr)r+l r\c! ui. l.t,oi)"i,,no,,.rln"(l.if\1.,.t(lL\bro,N
1l

lro\,.,1 d. l.onbl,.,o, (1.\ q,r.\{l,r,l.o}ria,,r,!l,r,lt.igrf,i\i|.rtLi,,r,,.\,l.,rrLt,,.t,r


t,ii,r('itu rr\ l. ..i\ ,1. l l,rlLliitL,. ( i! i !grtir (luc.,,ri c ,i l o,r rgrl lr :.ir\ ,l !fr f,.1og .,fhi. ,r
r,, tJl.,n!r. l.ri itrl rr' r rrn,.ll. !/.(,, !J f.r ii,$ J rlci)t,ti, i.ni. f.ii). lr gr ','( 'i,g. .rL,,lLr.l . i
, .,tllLn.. t,i r.!.hr. lr d.h,l. n.rr f. l,i( t()gi ,flri. orL n ur l,lr, ir'r! t,)\\ibl. !t' . n l (, i
\{frr,,\ r !:. r

L),

r,

, '1
,o,r,rjtlcscoLlrsr,:us!r!,Ji,,jl.rlll..rit.Lr,A\\tri,r.\(lcilrid\\olrr:r4,lori".l.Lrcl
,rr
:
Is,rrlcr
rlcs
1,lsrr"
rt
toicrr
rrr.
,lc tr
,ri,cric,,,crL lro,rolo,r. il r .or|S.li,gui\riqlr
( tu ,r! of.{ c l Ai,L,iqlr r Norl (Lrr .o lf,tLr! i .r .i\.ri,bl\ ris [q,rl. ,r: .,,].ur Jc'
l, ,:ur\ ,litt,c,it.\ r c qu lt.rit lr rr. rL sr Llrs t.(osr.rfl,i.\ fril !.\ |,, l.i l,r(irdr\ $ l'l.Lii,$

LA tsAf{IALh DES

'\IAGhS

nrtci.lc

.rL J.\r.Li.L fflni

n) Lf

trtr lc s,s,ie et le itik,it,i cf tl lc,,i,i)c nri\ lc' {lcrr \,!\ti,\ : (1.,ns lc i (lc
h ti( r.S,.,th,c. l ii)r.i tr trioi) { or it{ c Ju (rxi. c,t ocin.t (l|.(hn. c h ( onn.,i\.,n.c df Ll \
(rn,,\ (t! il ,lh.c. .,rtr qrc. {i, lc rr . lhiili(tf.. L l(l.rriti( ;ior .o,,.(n. Ll.\ \1S,.\ u (i.
, .r i (li,. Li ic!o,riri*r,ric (1| t:,r,t! il \'igit(l,r bl.,rn, r,,l,i(ili\tor.fr ..*lr.nrrj l.ur
i,n,1,,11,.,).1.,(U.ll.{\tl|.rS.,U.dff.rit,ovfd.S.,\(lfi
.r .o,, s\.,t l oi\i.!,,
..\r: rl r.l.s \',.n.nr\.r l.\ p.a.f.: d! p$ !\rt.]\ il f:it f,u.r Lrlln. d.ri)j lr rr lrurru
r.f, l .til.,,rit p.lirr,ti\'. ,.!rt\ \'.r.nrfr \rstrd.rsl.s f,1cs, . siifl.\ igr.\ ji,)r\p.
f,.rii .l\ .. I !r oi .ll.s ,.yol.r : soir ( | d6.ofj vo. !r ., .!lDdtur .\ .r,.\ orr l.\ .ftr\
s. ro rr ro!lo!rs s.ri,. f,r!r l. pl.rogr|hi.. $ir d.s crrr crrnocs ) l'orrgc urr pririliije J0rIt
o. !lid f.rr r r dij.ou\ Srlogqr, fo,r l.j Lt\o\. l)rs l.s d.u\.rj.li.;r. r'c* {lu'u,r ic]k,
rr',.lLirrg....tls'.rp!r.p.1.soi).s.td.s.L.lc\Jo,irl'.rf..,tt..to,,,i.,ti\ccrtli,3.
,,i.tt ii)f.i)rrt. d.s \is,r.s !lui l.\ rcp\r,,r!,,'.
(1cf1...,,Itu9u,\!fr$cr..l.L1lgu,rho,i"o,i,i.,nc',.'csr:iJiia\rirt,i(1uiinn,o,i.ll.of
crrl,lr,.rt[rc : li 1e, r,,rg$ i,i.o,to,r,ir ui. ..u{lir xgNrrirr (lo,ir l.] | is.,i,(c(1.\|,.\loricfr.
r:r qr'cllc .'cst rs r,Llir c .r u. rlr, our. ,ri, r1c{ r.,,it vi,iblc (l,\ 1., r r. .r l. .o,(I .\
n,i.,3c\ Ljicii qucllc tuis\r or k[nlcDc,,t gr$c,{r syi,rboLi ]ic,u,rrir.,gc(t.,rgrfr.,',,|\f,.
" gritl(:.,h.,r ' (lc i,r,ii. i,.,nrc auc , cllc qrc ri.,crtu nn n,\t. (tn. l .n p.rr .onr n.n(!. rr ir p
t,r:cl[:r,ctcrLrcrn,:rotign,.,.o(].(ln.,llt\dn..,.,d,,f\1.\obicr\u nof...oftlgr rr 'rr
doir . .,Lr hirs . f ri. ra..i\\,,lt!. p 1. \f..r.rt.!r j Ltu l'inq. .sr c\rln. ..Jr po, rlr ,
l(r,frl.Ll.rt\.fr.r1.,.o,(tf..tq!.rforr.o,j!(rr(,.l).rdr.rrntl..doio.,r.oi,
r.rirr. |.hoLl. lt),t(tog.do,t I .\r f:, li.r. torr ii l lii\ d. Iiti1r. r.\s.i)(1r ur..rrrni.tt!.|
Ll.rg.nr. d. l in,g. .r d. i.r.. 1 \.s v.u lilvid.f.. .1.\ fr!frirs \ti.iil.tr !s J, ,oi)r 9u! !!c
ortogi. .ofp.. Ai,\i. !, porrit . Vrljnt(z !, rn lrig. . l\Lr l .,us p.Lrlc,it" ri.i,
s.!l.rnnr |i!. qr. r)ols rnr\ !rt oris lf (!rinr Jr .od.s gouvrrrrr l'.LrL Jr r1ptirLlrc aui sc ,,kt
rndr..irrr!it!:titd!xrr.1.,),\rur\i
.r{trtd,rt.c!uci,ou\rin\rr\u,r,rion{1..
il cr crrtrrr]U 9ue lc. Iu,trri,* orL
l'.4,r,:.rg. r1 r,, i,,t, rt Jo,,t ]c r Iittu disti( til.st lislbl.
"rrl,
l,, lcu, tlrl'ro.o,,,ir, ct r]r,r lcqrrlil r.r rlc rr.trc lcr ob]6 rlu Do rlc r.rti,i.l fi,l{..n.t .\ t
, iLls rorrUru,cs Ll!r e,rdtc,rt Llc lcs Jirtnbuc, ,:,tro.rclleDc,rt drrr rn c,.,(. h.nror.. d.r\ o.'rt\
Jc rrtre rDt<,]ogie quc h cn,ru,c orrrlertr[ r lr,gtcrrr culrr ct qui n ifri.nr fou,Jr Srr d.
rrifiht our )r Iitrr,r (r !ii.li\ u1)
l-r {lnc,ti.,, fi iri(r}r.,1. .tu. |.s. h tigtih. . :i l.iqf.ll. ..c .\f.\it t.r. pfor'lr r r dbu(
dr ,a,t(!,n .r.lo( si,tl{ : Ltr. .h.,.h. of ,i .Lrt..ttr'.f. lsumtl Qu.l\ rlr\ d. (.ll. oL rrllr o,jrLr
lorl.n.l tils.n,fu,t,r\.,t\.ti,!o,r,,ill,t.d.nslc\oL,j.t\lgrrrlil.\|Ls..n!lui..r.qrel
|. Ll,,g.n.. lgf. {r,r ils inv.srni lrffin. qlrrll.\ of( ors o,t .ll.\ r doft.\ lnr . iar!lia !,1,1!
d. r.or p.r. r.ll. or rrll. tllfrit inrf, rr: il l jrtrioi it .t il l.r thlsl.rLtl. ou telle or tcllc rLsr,
\ rior !!. (s tltrits ifdri\.nr.h.z r.ll. o! r.ll! .hsn d.r,frrr Uc .rfr.\rrxri i) tlit r\ !i,
!.r r nvt,. N Lri.n vid.rrin.rr fr l. .ho1r d.\ oLr!(j .r fr. h )ir. d. L! rL,r4nd qfc I oir
\.l .trr.r r d .hirrs. jur l. pLJlrr Jr l.L fisuiari.,r .tr,, c,irc,LlL, (l.itc\.,1 irsir l:i \r, iiijtn\iril
rru:orrphl.tL c d6 lus coiuri\, ,!.Lis ,.,,tor ui l .\r.r ttr, ..rtc iJc .1., l .idrn)ntogi. tilt
, usrg. sl li.olL qr. . .n dr ..,r4,ii)' rt ci, ot1,o\x,it l.\ (nrcs ct l\ tl,,ioi,,,r.\ (lu. lcn,r .r'
r,qf.\ r.$o.t.,ir lc,,ii.fr. Ui,c,i,Ltu.c,,rrc (tr u,i. i,, ii)c f,ni$.rt dc\ fi!frri.f! orn,l.s d.
cc qr'cllc, rlci:rrcrtiusqr'l cc (luc l{r, Nsc Jc cc rpc c,r re r,11cr,. rn . ()..ill.t ' tiqf
"
lc rcllc\.lucs ct qrc lcs crrNertro.s tor cf,sciitci Iervon,,cnct th\'\i(U.. li,dniuli(a
l,r,rn,c o lc, .o,, huL.r,,s rNi .o rn*cnt \i ;,tu,.11$ !,,r ill(r),r .rb\.,r.s ou rour : tir diso,tru
L.r (1. !r,1.)n. rr1. .. ,1yi.t(\. d.\ rs.n,lt.,f..r ri.ri..\. Ll.\ lio nolosi.s b|..n.j o, J.s .ou,,!trr
onrtxar{.\,. ., {rt(rrt r.,h.r1ha l. (ot,.rc .nn. d.! inr\ !.rni.\ .fs of nrr. .sp.. d. rrrn\n
.rt , .i . .( . l difiarrf.c \\'f n.rt rturn,.,t or.g , s. !o. ir I inr.lllqiLjllr d.\ ftrr!s.
l,c,

,trr in,,ir)..rr

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi