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mn~ns';

ge ,sls lkfgR; ds izdk'ku] forj.k vkSj izpkj&izlkj ds


fy, dfVc¼ gSa tks%
· lÙkk vkSj mlds fliglkykjksa }kjk iQSyk;s tk jgs gj izdkj
iz d k'ku
ds >wB vkSj nq"izpkj dks csudkc djsA
· lekt dh cqfu;knh leL;kvksa dk fo'ys"k.k djs vkSj mlds
lewy fuokj.k dk ekxZ iz'kLr djsA
· lekt esa rdZijdrk] oSKkfud fpUru] tui{kèkj ewY;ksa
vkSj Je dh xfjek dks LFkkfir djsA
· èkkfeZd iqu#RFkkuokn vkSj gj izdkj dh ladh.kZrk ds
okLrfod jktuhfrd pfj=k dks mtkxj djs vkSj muds
vkfFkZd vkèkkjksa dh dkjxj vkykspuk izLrqr djsA
· eè;;qxhu ewY;&ekU;rkvksa vkSj #f<+okfnrk dk fojksèk djs
vkSj vius vrhr ds izfr bfrgkl&lEer n`f"Vdks.k dk
iqLrd lwph
izlkj djsA
· tkr&ikr] uLy] èkeZ vkfn lHkh izdkj ds Hksnksa ds f[kykiQ
2010&11
psruk fodflr djsA
· lwpuk rU=k ij jk"Vªh;&vUrjjk"Vªh; FkSyh'kkgksa ds xBcUèku
ds dCts dh jpukRed eq[kkyiQr djsA
· thou ls vfHk :i ls tqM+h] lkjxfHkZr lkexzh
miyCèk djk;s] ftlls lekt esa LoLFk lkfgR; dh
pkgr iSnk gks rFkk ifjorZudkeh laLÑfr vkSj
lkSUn;Zcksèk ds cht jksis tk ldsaA

Lrjh;] lq#fpiw.kZ ,oa


tui{kh; lkfgR; ds fy,
iqLrd e¡xkus] i=k&O;ogkj vkSj lq>ko vkfn ds fy, lEidZ djsa%

xkxhZ izdk'ku
127] U;w vkokl&fodkl dkyksuh xkxhZ iz d k'ku
lgkjuiqj & 247001
ifjp; yksdfiz; iqfLrdk,¡

vkSjr ,d vUrghu O;Fkk


tSlh dgh vkSj lquh x;h
iwohZ mRrj izns'k ds dqN xk¡oksa esa vkSjrksa dh psruk fodflr
djus x;ha egkjk"Vª dh nks Nk=kk dfeZ;ksa us ogk¡ tSlk ns[kk] tSlk
lquk vkSj tSlk eglwl fd;k mlh dk ,d lgt vux<+ fooj.k
bl ladyu esa ekStwn gSA
2003_ vkdkj% Økmu@16_ i`"B% 70 ewY;% #- 10-00

lkEiznkf;drk vkSj iQklhokn


lgh utfj;s dh ryk'k
bl ladyu ds ys[k lkEiznkf;drk dh leL;k ds mu
fofHkUu igyqvksa dh vksj gekjk è;ku vkdf"kZr djrs gSa ftUgsa
ge izk;% vuns[kk dj nsrs gSaA ;s ys[k lkEiznkf;drk ds fojksèk
dh fiVh&fiVk;h yhd dks NksM+dj Hkkjrh; lekt dh dqN
dM+oh lPpkb;ksa dks lkeus ykrs gSaA
xkxhZ izdk'ku vius ikBdksa dks de ewY;
2003_ vkdkj% fMekbZ@8_ i`"B% 48 ewY;% #- 5-00
ij ,slk Lrjh; vkSj lq#fpiw.kZ lkfgR; miyCèk
djkus dk iz;kl djrk gS tks turk esa U;k;]
turk ds xhr
lekurk vkSj ,d csgrj thou ds fy, la?k"kZ (ØkfUrdkjh lewgxku ,oa tuxhr)
dh Hkkouk mRi djsA vkt ns'k vkSj nqfu;k ds jk"Vªh; eqfDr la?k"kZ ds dky ls ysdj ekStwnk nkSj esa turk
iSekus ij tufojksèkh vkSj ekuo}s"kh ewY;ksa] ds la?k"kks± dh dks[k ls tUes yksdfiz; tuxhrksa vkSj ØkfUrdkjh
ekU;rkvksa vkSj laLÑfr ds ?kVkVksi esa ;g lewgxkuksa ds bl laxzg dks Nk=kksa&ukStokuksa vkSj lekt ds
fofHk rcdksa esa dke dj jgs dk;ZdrkZvksa o lkaLÑfrd laxBuksa
izdk'ku thou vkSj lekt ds fy, lkFkZd vkSj dh mi;ksfxrk dh n`f"V ls rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA
mi;ksxh laLÑfr ds chtkjksi.k dh ps"Vk djrk
1999_ vkdkj% fMekbZ@8_ i`"B% 64 ewY;% #- 15-00
gSA [kkldj og fo'o lkfgR; dh ,slh vuqie
vkSj dkyt;h Ñfr;ksa dks fgUnh ikBdksa ds l| izdkf'kr iqfLrdk
fy, izLrqr djrk gS tks ekuork ds ,d csgrj
L xsgw¡ dk vk;kr ewY;% #- 10-00
Hkfo"; ds fy, muesa vk'kk vkSj mRlkg dk
lapkj djsaA
yksdfiz; izdk'ku ,d fof'k"V izLrqfr

ukStokuksa ds uke euq"; dh HkkSfrd lEink,¡


'kghns&vkte Hkxrflag fyvks áwcjeu
dk lUns'k
(Hkxrflag vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa dqN
pqus gq, ys[kksa vkSj oDrO;ksa
vkfn dk laxzg) ^^---;g bfrgkl dh vkfFkZd
fl¼kUr vkSj vkfFkZd fl¼kUr
Hkxrflag vkSj muds dh bfrgkl ds ekè;e ls
lkfFk;ksa ds i=kkas] ys[kksa] O;k[;k dk ,d iz;kl gSA ;g
nLrkostksa vkSj oDrO;ksa dk ijLij lEcUèk egRoiw.kZ vkSj
vko';d gSA bfrgkl dk
;g ladyu ns'k vkSj lekt esa Nk;s bl xgu vUèkdkj esa
vè;;u vèkwjk gS ;fn mlds vkfFkZd igyqvksa dh vksj cgqr
jkLrk ryk'krs vkSj ml ij pyus ds fy, bPNqd de è;ku fn;k tk,_ vkSj vkfFkZd fl¼kUr uhjl yxrs gSa] tc
Nk=kksa&ukStokuksa dks lefiZr gSA mUgsa mudh ,sfrgkfld i`"BHkwfe ls vyx dj fn;k tkrk gSA
jktuhfrd vFkZ'kkL=k jktuhfrd gh jgsxk] tc rd fd bldk
1999] fn- la- 2000_ r`- la- 200_ iq-eq- 2004 vè;;u&vè;kiu ,sfrgkfld 'kwU;rk esa fd;k tk,xkA fjdkMksZ
vkdkj % fMekbZ@8_ i`"B% 64 ewY;% #- 15-00 dk Hkwfe&'kqYd fl¼kUr vius vkiesa dfBu vkSj uhjl gSA
ysfdu bls blds ,sfrgkfld izlax esa j[kdj nsf[k;s] bls
mUuhloha 'krkCnh ds iwokZèkZ ds baXyS.M ds Hkw&Lokfe;kas vkSj
izsepan dh rhu dgkfu;k¡ m|ksxifr;ksa ds chp la?k"kZ ds :i esa nsf[k;s vkSj ;g fdruk
ln~xfr] diQu] iwl dh jkr mÙkstd vkSj vFkZiw.kZ gks tkrk gSA**
bu rhuksa dgkfu;ksa esa lekt ds ml lokZfèkd oafpr vkSj (ewy vaxzsth xzUFk dh izLrkouk ls)
lokZfèkd mRihfM+r rcds ds izfrfufèk;ksa dks dgkuh dk fo"k;
cuk;k x;k gS tks lekt ds gkf'k;s ij èkdsy fn;s x;s gSaA ;s
bfrgkl vkSj vkfFkZd fl¼kUr ds vUrjlEcUèk dh
lhèkh] ljy vkSj lPph dgkfu;k¡ vius NksVs dysoj ds O;k[;k ij fyvks áwcjeu dh izfl¼ iqLrd ^eSUl
ckotwn rRdkyhu xzkeh.k thou ds vekuoh; 'kks"k.k vkSj oYMZyh xqM~l* dk fgUnh vuqokn] bl fo"k; ij fgUnh
ân;ghu fujadq'krk dks mldh iwjh rh{.krk ds lkFk lkeus esa miyCèk xzUFkksa esa loZJs"B gSA
ykrh gSaA
2000_ vkdkj% fMekbZ@8_ iq-eq- 2004 1996_ iq-eq- 2004_ vkdkj% fMekbZ@8
i`"B% 24 ewY;% #- 10-00 i`"B% 384 ewY;% #- 75-00
iqueqZfnzr uohure laLdj.k

bfrgkl iki vkSj foKku


eq>s lgh lkfcr Mkblu dkVZj
djsxk!
fiQnsy dkL=kks

^bfrgkl eq>s lgh lkfcr


djsxk* fiQnsy dkL=kks #t
}kjk vnkyr esa fn;k x;k
og Hkk"k.k gS] tks mUgkssaus lsfUV;kxks Mh D;wck dh
ekSudkMk cSjdksa ij iQkSth geys ds fy, mu ij rFkk
muds tq>k: lkfFk;ksa ij pyk;s x;s eqdn~es esa vijkèk] iki vkSj uSfrdrk ds ckjs esa oSKkfud
cpko&i{k dh vksj ls fn;k FkkA fiQnsy dkL=kks dk ;g n`f"Vdks.k ij Mkblu dkVZj dh izfl¼ iqLrd ^flu ,.M
Hkk"k.k mldh vfUre iafDr ls gh nqfu;k&Hkj esa tkuk lkbal* dk ;g fgUnh vuqokn gSA ;g iqLrd bl rdZ dks
tkrk gSA cgqr l'kDr :i ls izLrqr djrh gS fd vijkèk] iki vkSj
D;wck ds nwj&njkt ds ,d vLirky esa dM+s iQkSth uSfrdrk tSls iz'uksa dks ledkyhu lkekftd&vkfFkZd
igjs ds chp pyk;s x;s eqdn~es esa fn;k x;k ;g Hkk"k.k O;oLFkk ls vyx djds ugha le>k tk ldrk gSA
vkt nqfu;k ds yxHkx gj ns'k esa tkuk vkSj i<+k tkrk fpjUru izrhr gksus okyh ;s lkekftd O;kfèk;k¡ Hkh fdl
gSA bl Hkk"k.k us u dsoy D;wck ds ;qok ØkfUrdkfj;ksa dk izdkj lkekftd&vkfFkZd cnykoksa ds }kjk lekIr dh tk
ekXkZn'kZu fd;k] cfYd okLro esa ;g D;wckbZ ØkfUr dk ldrh gSa] ;g iqLrd bl ckr dks Hkyh&Hkk¡fr fu:fir
?kks"k.kki=k cu x;kA rc ls ;g nqfu;k Hkj ds djrh gSA rRdkyhu lektoknh nqfu;k esa gks jgs cnykoksa
ifjorZudkeh vkSj ØkfUrdkfj;ksa ds fy, izsj.kk vkSj dk jkspd fooj.k izLrqr djrs gq, ;g iqLrd iw¡thoknh
ekxZn'kZu dk lzksr cuk gqvk gSA O;oLFkk ij mldh Js"Brk dks LFkkfir djrh gSA

2001_ iq-eq- 2004_ vkdkj_ fMekbZ@8 1995_ f}-la- 2001


i`"B% 64 ewY;% #- 25-00 vkdkj% fMekbZ@8_ i`"B% 188 ewY;% #- 50-00
fo'o lkfgR; ds vewY; jRu

bVyh dh dgkfu;k¡ igyk vè;kid


efDle xksdhZ paxht vkbRekrkso
bVyh dh dgkfu;k¡* og
dFkk&ekyk gS ftls xksdhZ us
bVyh esa igyh ckj fcrk, ;g izfrf"Br fdjxht
x;s 1906 ls 1913 rd ds
o"kks± ess jpk FkkA ;s dgkfu;k¡ ys[kd] paxht vkbRekrkso
bVyh ds tulkèkkj.k ds dk rhljk miU;kl gSA bl
thou dks lefiZr gSaA ^^yksxksa miU;kl esa ftu ?kVukvksa dk
ds dfBu vkSj 'kh?kz gh mck nsus okys thou esa dqN mYys[k fd;k x;k gS] os bl 'krkCnh ds rhljs n'kd esa]
iziQqYyrk ykuk---** bl iqLrd dss fopkj dks xksdhZ us eè; ,f'k;k esa lksfo;r lÙkk ds LFkkiukdky esa ?kVh FkhA
;gh vfHkO;fDr nh gSA ,d vUrjky ds ckn fgUnh esa ;g
iquizZdkf'kr gqbZ gSA
2001_ iq-eq- 2004_ vkdkj % 17** x 27**@16
2000_ vkdkj% fMekbZ@8_ i`"B% 188 ewY;% #- 50-00 i`"B % 112 ewY;% #- 15-00

rLohj eqfDr ekxZ


fudksykbZ xksxksy gkoMZ iQkLV
ukVdh; vkSj jkspd ?kVukvksa ;g vejhdh bfrgkl esa gq,
ls ifjiw.kZ bl dgkuh esa xksxksy us ,d egku iz;ksx dh lPph
dyk vkS j dykdkj ds dgkuh gS ftlesa ^^dkys vkSj xksjs
vUrlZEcUèkksa dh xgjkbZ ls Nkuchu yksx lkFk&lkFk jgrs Fks] lkFk
dh gS] lkFk gh ;g fn[kk;k gS fd feydj dke djrs Fks vkSj mudk
vuqfpr mik;ksa vkSj vklku jkLrksa fuekZ.k Hkh ,dtqV la?k"kZ dk gh
ds tfj;s jkrksa&jkr [;kfr vkSj ifj.kke FkkA vkSj ,d txg ugha
nkSyr gkfly djus dh vksNh cfYd vusd LFkkuksa ij mUgksaus
egRokdka{kk ,d l`tu'khy O;fDr dks fdl rjg iFkHkz"V dj vius fuekZ.k dh j{kk ds fy, lkFk feydj tkusa nh FkhaA**
nsrh gSA
2000_ vkdkj% fMekbZ@8_ i`"B% 64 ewY;% #- 20-00 1997_ vkdkj % fMekbZ@8_ i`"B % 320 ewY;% #- 70-00
foKku ,d pfpZr izLrqfr

Dok.Ve OkS'ohdj.k
ds lkS lky ;k
iqu% vkSifuos'khdj.k
jfo flUgk
uhjt tSu

oS'ohdj.k D;k gS\ D;k ;g


nqfu;k dh lkjh leL;kvksa
dk lekèkku dj mls vckèk
mÂfr vkSj pkSrjiQk le`f¼ ds jkLrs ij ys tkus okyk gS\
Dok.Ve HkkSfrdh D;k gS\ Dok.Ve ;kfU=kdh fdl
tSlkfd blds ckjs esa izk;% crk;k tkrk gSA ;k fd
rjg fodflr gqbZ\ fodkl ds eq[; iM+ko D;k Fks\
lPpkbZ blls dqN vyx gS\ vU;Fkk] D;ksa oS'ohdj.k ds
vius tUe ds le; ls gh ;g D;ksa fooknksa vkSj
fojksèk ds uke ij nqfu;k ds gj dksus ls gtkjksa yksx
jgL;kRedrk ls f?kjh jgh\ ;s cgl vkSj fookn D;k Fks\
uoEcj 1999 dks vesfjdk ds fl,Vy 'kgj esa mifLFkr
mudk nk'kZfud egRo D;k Fkk\ ;g gesa vkSj nqfu;k ds
gks tkrs gSa] tgk¡ fo'o O;kikj laxBu dh efU=kLrjh;
ckjs esa gekjs utfj, dks fdl rjg izHkkfor djrh gS\
cSBd vk;ksftr Fkh\ D;ksa nqfu;k ds ,sls gj 'kgj esa tgk¡
D;k blus izÑfr ds ckjs esa gekjh iqjkuh èkkj.kk dks
vUrjjk"Vªh; foÙkh; laLFkkvksa vkSj th&8 tSls lewgksa dh
vkewy :i ls cny fn;k gS\
cSBd gksrh gSa] izn'kZudkfj;ksa dh Hkkjh HkhM+ bdV~Bh gks
chloha lnh dh bl oSKkfud miyfCèk ds ckjs esa
tkrh gS\ nkoksl (iQjojh 2000)] izkx (flrEcj
vke ikBdksa dh vksj ls ,sls <sjksa loky iwNs tk ldrs gSaA
2000)] esycksuZ (flrEcj 2000)] xksFksuoxZ (twu
;g iqfLrdk ljy vkSj lqcksèk <ax ls muds tokc nsrh
2001) vkSj ftukso (tqykbZ 2001)] D;ksa gj txg ;gh
gSA
nkLrku nqgjk;h tk jgh gS\

2003_ vkdkj% Økmu@16 2002] iq-eq- 2004_ vkdkj% fMekbZ@8


i`"B% 138 ewY;% jQ- 40-00 i`"B% 256 ewY;% jQ- 50-00
,d pfpZr izLrqfr ,d pfpZr izLrqfr

fiQnsy% ,d vkSj 11 flrEcj%


,d futh ÀkCn fp=k fpyh esa vysans dk
r[rkiyV
xzsfcz;y xkflZ;k ekDosZt
&fiQnsy dkL=kks
fc,f=kt vysans

bl iqfLrdk esa 11 flrEcj


1973 dks fpyh esa lh-
vkbZ- ,- }kjk djk;h xbZ
xzsfcz;y xkflZ;k ekDosZt ykfru vejhdk gh ugha lSfud r[rkiyV dh ?kVukvksa ds ckjs esa fiQnsy
cfYd iwjh nqfu;k ds tkusekus tui{k/j lkfgR;dkj dkL=kks vkSj vysUns dh csVh fc,f=kt vysUns ds Hkk"k.kksa
gSaA os foÀo izfl¼ iqLrd ^,dkar ds lkS o"kZ* ds dk fgUnh vuqokn izLrqr gSA lkFk gh bl iqfLrdk esa
jpf;rk vkSj ukscy iqjLdkj izkIr ys[kd gSaA izLrqr 1970 ls 1973 ds chp fpyh esa ØkfUr vkSj izfrØkfUr
iqfLrdk D;wckbZ Øzkafr ds egkuk;d fiQnsy dkL=kks ds dh izfØ;k dk foLr`r ?kVukØe Hkh fn;k x;k gSA
O;fDrRo ds cgqr ls vuNq, igyqvksa dks mn~?kkfVr dkL=kks vkSj fc,f=kt us fpyh esa r[rkiyV
djrh gS ftUgsa xsfcz;y xkflZ;k ekDosZt us viuh ds dqN gh fnuksa ckn 10 yk[k D;wckbZ turk dh ,d
lÀkDr ys[kuh ls thoar fd;k gSA jSyh dks lEcksf/r djrs gq, vius bu Hkk"k.kksa esa vysUns
ds izfr vius Hkkoiw.kZ vkSj fopkjksRrstd mn~xkj O;Dr
2006_ vkdkj% fMekbZ @ 8_ fd;s FksA
Ik`"B% 15
ewY;% # 10 2008] vkdkj% fMekbZ @ 8%
Ik`"B% 46
ewY;% # 20
foKku ,d pfpZr izLrqfr

dy cgqr nsj vkbUlVhu ds


gks tk;sxh lkekftd
ljksdkj
&fiQnsy dkL=kks

20oha lnh ds egkure


oSKkfud vkbUlVhu dh
Le`fr esa xkxhZ iqfLrdk
J`a[kyk ds rgr ge ;gka nks
bl iqfLrdk esa fiQnsy dkL=kks dk i;kZoj.k ladV ij izfl}
Hkk"k.k dk fgUnh vuqokn izLrqr gS ftls mUgkasus 1992 esa i`Foh ys[kksa dk izdkÀku dj jgs gSa tks ^eaFkyh fjO;w* if=kdk ls
lEesyu esa fn;k FkkA fiQnsy ds gh ÀkCnksa esa] ¶ekuo tkfr ds vkHkkj lfgr m¼`r gSA igyk ys[k vkbUlVhu ds thou ds
lkeus vkt ,d vfufÀpr Hkfo"; eq¡g ck;s [kM+k gS ftlds ckjs lkekftd&jktuhfrd ljksdkjksa ls lEcfU/r gSA viuh
esa ;fn ge le; jgrs Bksl vkSj izHkkoh dne mBkus esa vliQy oSKkfud miyfC/;ksa ds fy, foÀo&fo[;kr vkSj loZKkr
jgrs gSa rks /uh vkSj fodflr nsÀkksa dh turk Hkh nqfu;k dh gksus ds ckotwn vkt dh ih<h+ ds vf/dkaÀk yksx
xjhc turk ds lkFk feydj ,d gh tehu ij [kM+h vius vkbUlVhu ds lkekftd&jktuhfrd thou ds ckjs esa cgqr
vfLrRo ds [krjs vkSj vU/dkje; Hkfo"; ls tw> jgh gksxhA¸ de tkudkjh gSA
¶ge ekuork ds izfrfuf/ gSa vkSj gekjk uSfrd nwljk ys[k ¶lektokn gh D;ksa\¸ [kqn
drZO;] jktuSfrd opuc¼rk vkSj vlk/kj.k ,oa ,sfrgkfld vkbUlVhu dh jpuk gS ftlesa mUgksaus iwathokn ds fodYi
mRrjnkf;Ro gels Bksl fu.kZ;ksa] Bksl dneksa vkSj ,d izfrc¼rk
ds :i esa U;k; vkSj lekurk ij vk/kfjr lektoknh
dh ek¡x djrs gSa ftUgsa vc Vkyk ugha tk ldrk gSA¸
O;oLFkk dk iqjtksj leFkZu fd;k gSA
2008_ fMekbZ @ 8%
Ik`"B% 46 ewY;% : 20
2005] vkdkj% fMekbZ @ 8%
Ik`"B% 22 ewY;% # 5
foKku ,d pfpZr izLrqfr
cqtqZvk lekt vkSj laLÑfr
rF;ksa dk usiF;
jk/kxksfoUn pV~Vksikè;k; D;k djsa\

jk/kxksfoUn pV~Vksikè;k; dk ;g ys[k ^igy* ls fy;k


x;k gSA bl ys[k esa cqtZqvk lekt dh iruÀkhyrk] vuSfrdrk
vkSj fgald izo`fRr dksa cgqr gh lVhd <ax ls nÀkkZ;k x;k gSA
^igy* ls lkHkkj xzg.k djrs gq,] bl fopkjksRrstd ys[k dk
m¼kj dj ge rd igq¡pkus ds fy, ge leLr igy ifjokj dk
vkHkkj O;Dr djrs gSaA izLrqr iqfLrdk esa ladfyr
¶D;k djsa\ Ja`[kyk ds rhu ipsZ
2004_ vkdkj% fMekbZ@8 fodYi vkSj lapsruk dh vksj ls
i`"B% 28 ewY;% jQ- 5-00 jQi;s 1991 esa tkjh fd;s x;sa FksA le; us bu ipksaZ esa izLrqr fopkjksa
ekDlZ dh okilh vkSj foÀys"k.kksa dh lPpkbZ dks izekf.kr fd;k gSA 1990 ds ckn
j.k/hj flag ls tkjh oSÀohdj.k us nsÀk dks cq jh rjg fupksM+ Mkyk gSA etnwjksa
vkSj fdlkuksa ij gq, geys us nsÀk dks rckg dj j[kk gSA blds
;g ys[k j.k/hj flag }kjk ^iQkm.MsÀku fjLikalfcfyVh* esa ckjs esa vè;;u ¶D;k djsa\¸ iqfLrdk esa igys ls gh izLrqr dj
u;h lglzkOnh ds fl¼kUrksa ij vk;ksftr O;k[;ku Ja`[kyk ds fn;k x;k FkkA blfy, budk vè;;u vkt Hkh izklafxd gSA
,d fgLls ds rkSj ij fn;s x;s oDrO; ds dqN vaÀkksa dk
lEikfnr :i gSA iwathokn ds bl u;s nkSj esa vkt nqfu;k vkfFkZd nsÀk vkfFkZd rckgh] jktuhfrd vfLFkjrk] vjktdrk]
ladVksa dh pisV esa gSA Àkkld oxZ gesÀkk ekDlZ ds fl¼kUrksa dks foHkktu vkSj x`g;q¼ ds dxkj ij
Nqikrk jgk gS ;k rksM+ ejksM+dj izLrqr djrk jgk gSA ysfdu vkt dkj.k
Hkh iwathokn dks le>us ds fy, vkSj nqfu;k dks csgrj cukus dk Hkkjr dh fofÀk"V iq¡thoknh O;oLFkk dk ladV ,d
jkLrk geaas ekDlZ ls fl¼kUrksa esa gh fey ldrk gSA ekDlZ dh loZxzklh ladV
izklafxdrk rc rd jgsxh tc rd iwathoknh lekt gSA ij[k ls lek/ku
fy, x, bl ys[k ds fy, ge ^ij[k* ifjokj ds vkHkkjh gSaA ØkfUrdkjh fodYi dk fuekZ.k

2004_ vkdkj% fMekbZ@8


2008_ vkdkj% fMekbZ@8
i`"B% 13 ewY;% jQ- 2-00 jQi;s
i`"B% 56 ewY;% jQ- 15-00
foKku ,d pfpZr izLrqfr

IS CAPITALISM
A DISEASE? invested in by the health industrious,
including, hospitals, HMOs, and
Rechard Levins pharmaceutical companies. They sell
healthcare to as large a market as can afford
to pay for it; they even push it on people who
do not need it...
But they are all part of one integral
system that has to be our battleground in the
future. We have to take up health as a pervasive
issue as we do with problems of the
environment; they are aspects of class struggle,
We have created a sick society, even as not an alternative to it.
we invest more and more to repair the l`tuÀkhyrk gesÀkk
damage. We are exposed to more pollution
and increasing levels of stress and lkekftd gksrh gS
therefore exposed, ironically, to more ,tkt vgen
opportunities to display our cardiac
surgery skills. We make more people
miserable, so we spend more on ,tkt vgen dk ;g
psychiatry and on psycho tropic drugs... fopkjksRrstd ys[k
The basic reason that programs fail ^l`tuÀkhyrk gesÀkk lkekftd gksrh gS* ^dFku* ds
is not incompetence, ignorance, or
vDrwcj&fnlecj] 2002 ds vad esa izdkfÀkr gqvk FkkA euq";
stupidity, but because they are constrained
by the interests of the powerful elite cpiu ls gh l`tuÀkhy izk.kh gS] [ksyus] [kkuk cukus] [kkus]
group. xkus] ?kweus tSls dkeksa dks l`tuÀkhy gksdj djrk gSA xhr laxhr
But health is also a consumer good, vkSj dyk blh l`tuÀkhyrk dh nsu gSA bl ys[k esa ;gh nÀkkZ;k
particularly for the affluent, who can buy x;k gSA bl ys[k ds fy, ge leLr ^dFku* ifjokj ds vkHkkjh
improvements in health for themselves. gSaA
Rather than improve water quality, they
buy bottled water; rather than improve air
quality, they employ oxygen tanks in their 2002] iq-eq- 2004_ vkdkj% fMekbZ@8
living rooms. Health is also a commodity

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