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Shi20396 ch14 PDF
Shi20396 ch14 PDF
Chapter 14
14-1
N 22
d= = = 3.667 in
P 6
Table 14-2: Y = 0.331
dn (3.667)(1200)
V = = = 1152 ft/min
12 12
1200 + 1152
Eq. (14-4b): Kv = = 1.96
1200
T 63 025H 63 025(15)
Wt = = = = 429.7 lbf
d/2 nd/2 1200(3.667/2)
Eq. (14-7):
Kv W t P 1.96(429.7)(6)
= = = 7633 psi = 7.63 kpsi Ans.
FY 2(0.331)
14-2
16
d= = 1.333 in, Y = 0.296
12
(1.333)(700)
V = = 244.3 ft/min
12
1200 + 244.3
Eq. (14-4b): Kv = = 1.204
1200
63 025H 63 025(1.5)
Wt = = = 202.6 lbf
nd/2 700(1.333/2)
Eq. (14-7):
Kv W t P 1.204(202.6)(12)
= = = 13 185 psi = 13.2 kpsi Ans.
FY 0.75(0.296)
14-3
d = m N = 1.25(18) = 22.5 mm, Y = 0.309
(22.5)(103 )(1800)
V = = 2.121 m/s
60
6.1 + 2.121
Eq. (14-6b): Kv = = 1.348
6.1
60H 60(0.5)(103 )
Wt = = = 235.8 N
dn (22.5)(103 )(1800)
Kv W t 1.348(235.8)
Eq. (14-8): = = = 68.6 MPa Ans.
FmY 12(1.25)(0.309)
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Chapter 14 361
14-4
d = 5(15) = 75 mm, Y = 0.290
(75)(103 )(200)
V = = 0.7854 m/s
60
Assume steel and apply Eq. (14-6b):
6.1 + 0.7854
Kv = = 1.129
6.1
60H 60(5)(103 )
Wt = = = 6366 N
dn (75)(103 )(200)
Kv W t 1.129(6366)
Eq. (14-8): = = = 82.6 MPa Ans.
FmY 60(5)(0.290)
14-5
d = 1(16) = 16 mm, Y = 0.296
(16)(103 )(400)
V = = 0.335 m/s
60
Assume steel and apply Eq. (14-6b):
6.1 + 0.335
Kv = = 1.055
6.1
60H 60(0.15)(103 )
Wt = = = 447.6 N
dn (16)(103 )(400)
Kv W t 1.055(447.6)
Eq. (14-8): F= = = 10.6 mm
mY 150(1)(0.296)
From Table A-17, use F = 11 mm Ans.
14-6
d = 1.5(17) = 25.5 mm, Y = 0.303
(25.5)(103 )(400)
V = = 0.534 m/s
60
6.1 + 0.534
Eq. (14-6b): Kv = = 1.088
6.1
60H 60(0.25)(103 )
Wt = = = 468 N
dn (25.5)(103 )(400)
Kv W t 1.088(468)
Eq. (14-8): F= = = 14.9 mm
mY 75(1.5)(0.303)
Use F = 15 mm Ans.
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362 Solutions Manual Instructors Solution Manual to Accompany Mechanical Engineering Design
14-7
24
d= = 4.8 in, Y = 0.337
5
(4.8)(50)
V = = 62.83 ft/min
12
1200 + 62.83
Eq. (14-4b): Kv = = 1.052
1200
63 025H 63 025(6)
Wt = = = 3151 lbf
nd/2 50(4.8/2)
Kv W t P 1.052(3151)(5)
Eq. (14-7): F= = = 2.46 in
Y 20(103 )(0.337)
Use F = 2.5 in Ans.
14-8
16
d= = 3.2 in, Y = 0.296
5
(3.2)(600)
V = = 502.7 ft/min
12
1200 + 502.7
Eq. (14-4b): Kv = = 1.419
1200
63 025(15)
Wt = = 984.8 lbf
600(3.2/2)
Kv W t P 1.419(984.8)(5)
Eq. (14-7): F= = = 2.38 in
Y 10(103 )(0.296)
Use F = 2.5 in Ans.
Chapter 14 363
Using coarse integer pitches from Table 13-2, the following table is formed.
P d V Kv Wt F
2 9.000 1413.717 2.178 58.356 0.082
3 6.000 942.478 1.785 87.535 0.152
4 4.500 706.858 1.589 116.713 0.240
6 3.000 471.239 1.393 175.069 0.473
8 2.250 353.429 1.295 233.426 0.782
10 1.800 282.743 1.236 291.782 1.167
12 1.500 235.619 1.196 350.139 1.627
16 1.125 176.715 1.147 466.852 2.773
Other considerations may dictate the selection. Good candidates are P = 8 ( F = 7/8 in)
and P = 10 ( F = 1.25 in). Ans.
m d V Kv Wt F
1.00 18.0 0.848 1.139 1768.388 86.917
1.25 22.5 1.060 1.174 1414.711 57.324
1.50 27.0 1.272 1.209 1178.926 40.987
2.00 36.0 1.696 1.278 884.194 24.382
3.00 54.0 2.545 1.417 589.463 12.015
4.00 72.0 3.393 1.556 442.097 7.422
5.00 90.0 4.241 1.695 353.678 5.174
6.00 108.0 5.089 1.834 294.731 3.888
8.00 144.0 6.786 2.112 221.049 2.519
10.00 180.0 8.482 2.391 176.839 1.824
12.00 216.0 10.179 2.669 147.366 1.414
16.00 288.0 13.572 3.225 110.524 0.961
20.00 360.0 16.965 3.781 88.419 0.721
25.00 450.0 21.206 4.476 70.736 0.547
32.00 576.0 27.143 5.450 55.262 0.406
40.00 720.0 33.929 6.562 44.210 0.313
50.00 900.0 42.412 7.953 35.368 0.243
Other design considerations may dictate the size selection. For the present design,
m = 2 mm ( F = 25 mm) is a good selection. Ans.
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14-11
22 60
dP = = 3.667 in, dG = = 10 in
6 6
(3.667)(1200)
V = = 1152 ft/min
12
1200 + 1152
Eq. (14-4b): Kv = = 1.96
1200
63 025(15)
Wt = = 429.7 lbf
1200(3.667/2)
Table 14-8: C p = 2100 psi
3.667 sin 20 10 sin 20
Eq. (14-12): r1 = = 0.627 in, r2 = = 1.710 in
2 2
Kv W t 1 1 1/2
Eq. (14-14): C = C p +
F cos r1 r2
1/2
1.96(429.7) 1 1
= 2100 +
2 cos 20 0.627 1.710
= 65.6(103 ) psi = 65.6 kpsi Ans.
14-12
16 48
dP = = 1.333 in, dG = = 4 in
12 12
(1.333)(700)
V = = 244.3 ft/min
12
1200 + 244.3
Eq. (14-4b): Kv = = 1.204
1200
63 025(1.5)
Wt = = 202.6 lbf
700(1.333/2)
Table 14-8: C p = 2100 psi
1.333 sin 20 4 sin 20
Eq. (14-12): r1 = = 0.228 in, r2 = = 0.684 in
2 2
Eq. (14-14):
1/2
1.202(202.6) 1 1
C = 2100 + = 100(103 )
F cos 20 0.228 0.684
2
2100 1.202(202.6) 1 1
F= + = 0.668 in
100(103 ) cos 20 0.228 0.684
Use F = 0.75 in Ans.
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Chapter 14 365
14-13 24 48
dP = = 4.8 in, dG = = 9.6 in
5 5
(4.8)(50)
V = = 62.83 ft/min
12
600 + 62.83
Eq. (14-4a): Kv = = 1.105
600
63 025H
Wt = = 525.2H
50(4.8/2)
Table 14-8: Cp = 1960 psi
4.8 sin 20
Eq. (14-12): r1 = = 0.821 in, r2 = 2r1 = 1.642 in
2
1/2
1.105(525.2H ) 1 1
Eq. (14-14): 100(10 ) = 1960
3
+
2.5 cos 20 0.821 1.642
H = 5.77 hp Ans.
14-14
d P = 4(20) = 80 mm, dG = 4(32) = 128 mm
(80)(103 )(1000)
V = = 4.189 m/s
60
3.05 + 4.189
Eq. (14-6a): Kv = = 2.373
3.05
60(10)(103 )
Wt = = 2387 N
(80)(103 )(1000)
Table 14-8: C p = 163 MPa
80 sin 20 128 sin 20
Eq. (14-12): r1 = = 13.68 mm, r2 = = 21.89 mm
2 2
1/2
2.373(2387) 1 1
Eq. (14-14): C = 163 + = 617 MPa Ans.
50 cos 20 13.68 21.89
366 Solutions Manual Instructors Solution Manual to Accompany Mechanical Engineering Design
2.25 2.25
l= = = 0.1875 in
Pd 12
3Y P 3(0.303)
Eq. (14-3): x= = = 0.0379 in
2P 2(12)
t = 4(0.1875)(0.0379) = 0.1686 in
Eq. (7-24): de = 0.808 0.875(0.1686) = 0.310 in
0.310 0.107
Eq. (7-19): kb = = 0.996
0.30
kc = kd = ke = 1, k f1 = 1.65
0.300
rf = = 0.025 in
12
r rf 0.025
= = = 0.148
d t 0.1686
Approximate D/d = with D/d = 3; from Fig. A-15-6, K t = 1.68.
1.68
Eq. (7-35): Kf = = 1.323
2 1.68 1 4
1+
0.025 1.68 76
Miscellaneous-Effects Factor:
1
k f = k f 1k f 2 = 1.65 = 1.247
1.323
Eq. (7-17): Se = 0.857(0.996)(1)(1)(1)(1.247)(38 300)
= 40 770 psi
40 770
all = = 18 120 psi
2.25
FY P all 0.875(0.303)(18 120)
Wt = =
K v Pd 1.162(12)
= 345 lbf
345(194.8)
H= = 2.04 hp Ans.
33 000
Wear
1 = 2 = 0.292, E 1 = E 2 = 30(106 ) psi
Eq. (14-14): C p = 2300 psi
dP 1.417
Eq. (14-12): r1 = sin = sin 20 = 0.242 in
2 2
dG 2.500
r2 = sin = sin 20 = 0.428
2 2
1 1 1 1
+ = + = 6.469 in1
r1 r2 0.242 0.428
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Chapter 14 367
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Wear
Table 14-8: C p = 2300 psi
Eq. (14-12): r1 = (6.667/2) sin 20 = 1.140 in
r2 = (33.333/2) sin 20 = 5.700 in
Eq. (7-68): SC = [0.4(262) 10](103 ) = 94 800 psi
C, all = SC / n d = 94.800/ 1.5 = 77 404 psi
C, all 2 F cos 1
W = t
Cp K v 1/r1 + 1/r2
77 404 2 2.5 cos 20 1
=
2300 2.266 1/1.140 + 1/5.700
= 1115 lbf
WtV 1115(1519)
H= = = 51.3 hp Ans.
33 000 33 000
For 108 cycles (revolutions of the pinion), the power based on wear is 51.3 hp.
Rating powerpinion controls
H1 = 144 hp
H2 = 51.3 hp
Hrated = min(144, 51.3) = 51.3 hp Ans.
Chapter 14 369
0.107
24.23
kb = = 0.884
7.62
kc = kd = ke = 1
r f = 0.300m = 0.300(6) = 1.8 mm
From Fig. A-15-6 for r/d = r f /t = 1.8/12 = 0.15, K t = 1.68.
1.68
Kf = = 1.537
1 + 2 1.8 [(1.68 1)/1.68](139/900)
k f 1 = 1.65 (Gerber failure criterion)
k f 2 = 1/K f = 1/1.537 = 0.651
k f = k f 1 k f 2 = 1.65(0.651) = 1.074
Se = 0.744(0.884)(1)(1)(1)(1.074)(453.6) = 320.4 MPa
Se 320.4
all = = = 246.5 MPa
nd 1.3
FY mall 75(0.296)(6)(246.5)
Eq. (14-8): Wt = = = 16 890 N
Kv 1.944
Tn 16 890(96/2)(1145)
H= = = 97.2 kW Ans.
9.55 9.55(106 )
Wear: Pinion and gear
Eq. (14-12): r1 = (96/2) sin 20 = 16.42 mm
r2 = (180/2) sin 20 = 30.78 mm
Table 14-8: Cp =
191 MPa
Eq. (7-68): SC = 6.89[0.4(260) 10] = 647.7 MPa
647.7
C, all = = 568 MPa
1.3
C, all 2 F cos 1
Eq. (14-14): W =t
Cp K v 1/r1 + 1/r2
2
568 75 cos 20 1
=
191 1.944 1/16.42 + 1/30.78
= 3433 N
W t dP 3433(96)
T = = = 164 784 N mm = 164.8 N m
2 2
Tn 164.8(1145)
H= = = 19 758.7 W = 19.8 kW Ans.
9.55 9.55
Thus, wear controls the gearset power rating; H = 19.8 kW. Ans.
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Chapter 14 371
Estimate D/d = by setting D/d = 3, K t = 1.68. From Eq. (7-35) and Table 7-8,
1.68
Kf = = 1.494
1 + 2 0.05 [(1.68 1)/1.68](4/116)
1 1
kf 2 = = = 0.669
Kf 1.494
k f = k f 1 k f 2 = 1.65(0.669) = 1.104
Se = 0.766(0.919)(1)(1)(1)(1.104)(58 464) = 45 436 psi
Se 45 436
all = = = 22 718 psi
nd 2
FY P all 2(0.303)(22 718)
Wt = = = 1356 lbf
K v Pd 1.692(6)
WtV 1356(830.7)
H= = = 34.1 hp Ans.
33 000 33 000
(b) Pinion fatigue
Wear
From Table A-5 for steel: = 0.292, E = 30(106 ) psi
Eq. (14-13) or Table 14-8:
1/2
1
Cp = = 2285 psi
2[(1 0.2922 )/30(106 )]
In preparation for Eq. (14-14):
dP 2.833
Eq. (14-12): r1 = sin = sin 20 = 0.485 in
2 2
dG 8.500
r2 = sin = sin 20 = 1.454 in
2 2
1 1 1 1
+ = + = 2.750 in
r1 r2 0.485 1.454
372 Solutions Manual Instructors Solution Manual to Accompany Mechanical Engineering Design
Chapter 14 373
374 Solutions Manual Instructors Solution Manual to Accompany Mechanical Engineering Design
Sec. 14-12: H B P /H BG = 1 CH = 1
Sc Z N /(K T K R ) 93 500(0.948)/[(1)(0.85)]
(S H ) P = = = 1.06 Ans.
c P 98 760
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Chapter 14 375
d P n P (50)(103 )(100)
V = = = 0.2618 m/s
60 60
60(120)
Wt = = 458.4 N
(50)(103 )(100)
376 Solutions Manual Instructors Solution Manual to Accompany Mechanical Engineering Design
Chapter 14 377
14-21
Pt = Pn cos = 6 cos 30 = 5.196 teeth/in
16 48
dP = = 3.079 in, dG = (3.079) = 9.238 in
5.196 16
(3.079)(300)
V = = 241.8 ft/min
12
0.8255
33 000(5) 59.77 + 241.8
Wt = = 682.3 lbf, K v = = 1.210
241.8 59.77
378 Solutions Manual Instructors Solution Manual to Accompany Mechanical Engineering Design
93 500(0.948)/[(1)(0.85)]
(S H ) P = = 1.54 Ans.
67 700
Gear tooth wear
1/2
1.097
(c ) G = (67 700) = 67 980 psi Ans.
1.088
93 500(0.973)/[(1)(0.85)]
(S H ) G = = 1.57 Ans.
67 980
14-22 Given: R = 0.99 at 108 cycles, H B = 232 through-hardening Grade 1, core and case, both
gears. N P = 17T, NG = 51T, Y P = 0.303, YG = 0.4103, J P = 0.292, JG = 0.396,
d P = 2.833 in, dG = 8.500 in.
Pinion bending
From Fig. 14-2:
0.99 (St ) 107 = 77.3H B + 12 800
= 77.3(232) + 12 800 = 30 734 psi
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4-23
3Y
l = 2.25/Pd , x=
2Pd
2.25 3Y 3.674
t = 4lx = 4 = Y
Pd 2Pd Pd
3.674 F Y
de = 0.808 Ft = 0.808 F Y = 1.5487
Pd Pd
0.107 0.0535
1.5487 F Y/Pd F Y
kb = = 0.8389
0.30 Pd
0.0535
1 F Y
Ks = = 1.192 Ans.
kb Pd
Chapter 14 381
32 125(0.832)
Eq. (14-17): (all ) P = = 26 728 psi
1(1)(1)
B = 0.25(12 6)2/3 = 0.8255
A = 50 + 56(1 0.8255) = 59.77
0.8255
59.77 + 1649
Kv = = 1.534
59.77
K s = 1, Cm = 1
F
Cmc = 0.0375 + 0.0125F
10d
3.25
= 0.0375 + 0.0125(3.25) = 0.0622
10(5.5)
Cma = 0.127 + 0.0158(3.25) 0.093(104 )(3.252 ) = 0.178
Ce = 1
K m = Cm f = 1 + (1)[0.0622(1) + 0.178(1)] = 1.240
K = 1, K T = 1
26 728(3.25)(0.345)
Eq. (14-15): W1t = = 3151 lbf
1.25(1.534)(1)(4)(1.240)
3151(1649)
H1 = = 157.5 hp
33 000
Gear bending By similar reasoning, W2t = 3861 lbf and H2 = 192.9 hp
Pinion wear
m G = 60/22 = 2.727
cos 20 sin 20 2.727
I = = 0.1176
2 1 + 2.727
0.99 (Sc ) 107 = 322(250) + 29 100 = 109 600 psi
( Z N ) P = 2.466[3(109 )]0.056 = 0.727
( Z N ) G = 2.466[3(109 )/2.727]0.056 = 0.769
109 600(0.727)
(c, all ) P = = 79 679 psi
1(1)(1)
c, all 2 Fd P I
W3 =
t
Cp Ko Kv Ks Km C f
2
79 679 3.25(5.5)(0.1176)
= = 1061 lbf
2300 1.25(1.534)(1)(1.24)(1)
1061(1649)
H3 = = 53.0 hp
33 000
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Gear wear
Similarly, W4t = 1182 lbf, H4 = 59.0 hp
Rating
Hrated = min( H1 , H2 , H3 , H4 )
= min(157.5, 192.9, 53, 59) = 53 hp Ans.
Note differing capacities. Can these be equalized?
Chapter 14 383
14-26 Solution summary from Prob. 14-24: n = 1145 rev/min, K o = 1.25, Grade 1 materials,
N P = 22T, NG = 60T, m G = 2.727, Y P = 0.331, YG = 0.422, J P = 0.345,
JG = 0.410, Pd = 4T /in, F = 3.25 in, Q v = 6, ( Nc ) P = 3(109 ), R = 0.99
Pinion H B : 250 core, 390 case
Gear H B : 250 core, 390 case
K m = 1.240, K T = 1, K = 1, d P = 5.500 in, dG = 15.000 in,
V = 1649 ft/min, K v = 1.534, (K s ) P = (K s ) G = 1, (Y N ) P = 0.832,
(Y N ) G = 0.859, K R = 1
Bending
(all ) P = 26 728 psi (St ) P = 32 125 psi
(all ) G = 27 546 psi (St ) G = 32 125 psi
W1t = 3151 lbf, H1 = 157.5 hp
W2t = 3861 lbf, H2 = 192.9 hp
Wear
= 20 , I = 0.1176, ( Z N ) P = 0.727,
( Z N ) G = 0.769, C P = 2300 psi
(Sc ) P = Sc = 322(390) + 29 100 = 154 680 psi
154 680(0.727)
(c, all ) P = = 112 450 psi
1(1)(1)
154 680(0.769)
(c, all ) G = = 118 950 psi
1(1)(1)
112 450 2 2113(1649)
W3 =
t
(1061) = 2113 lbf, H3 = = 105.6 hp
79 679 33 000
2
118 950 2354(1649)
W4 =
t
(1182) = 2354 lbf, H4 = = 117.6 hp
109 600(0.769) 33 000
Rated power
Hrated = min(157.5, 192.9, 105.6, 117.6) = 105.6 hp Ans.
Prob. 14-24
Hrated = min(157.5, 192.9, 53.0, 59.0) = 53 hp
The rated power approximately doubled.
14-27 The gear and the pinion are 9310 grade 1, carburized and case-hardened to obtain Brinell
285 core and Brinell 580600 case.
Table 14-3:
0.99 (St ) 107 = 55 000 psi
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14-28 Grade 2 9310 carburized and case-hardened to 285 core and 580 case in Prob. 14-27.
Summary:
Table 14-3: 0.99 (St ) 107 = 65 000 psi
(all ) P = 53 959 psi
(all ) G = 55 736 psi
and it follows that
W1t = 5399.5 lbf, H1 = 270 hp
W2 = 6699 lbf,
t
H2 = 335 hp
From Table 14-8, C p = 2300 psi. Also, from Table 14-6:
Sc = 225 000 psi
(c, all ) P = 181 285 psi
(c, all ) G = 191 762 psi
Consequently,
W3t = 4801 lbf, H3 = 240 hp
W4t = 5337 lbf, H4 = 267 hp
Rating
Hrated = min(270, 335, 240, 267) = 240 hp. Ans.
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Chapter 14 385
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Wear
Table 14-8: C p = 1960 psi
Table 14-7: = 75 000 psi = (c, all ) P = (c, all ) G
0.99 (Sc ) 107
(c, all ) P 2 FdpI
W3 =
t
Cp Ko Kv Ks Km C f
2
75 000 3.25(5.5)(0.1176)
W3t = = 1295 lbf
1960 1.25(1.534)(1)(1.24)(1)
W4t = W3t = 1295 lbf
1295(1649)
H4 = H3 = = 64.7 hp
33 000
Rating
Hrated = min(76.7, 94.4, 64.7, 64.7) = 64.7 hp Ans.
Notice that the balance between bending and wear power is improved due to CIs more
favorable Sc /St ratio. Also note that the life is 107 pinion revolutions which is (1/300) of
3(109). Longer life goals require power derating.
14-33
(Y N ) P = 0.977, (Y N ) G = 0.996
(St ) P = (St ) G = 82.3(250) + 12 150 = 32 725 psi
32 725(0.977)
(all ) P = = 37 615 psi
1(0.85)
37 615(1.5)(0.423)
W1t = = 1558 lbf
1(1.404)(1.043)(8.66)(1.208)(1)
1558(925)
H1 = = 43.7 hp
33 000
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Chapter 14 387
32 725(0.996)
(all ) G = = 38 346 psi
1(0.85)
38 346(1.5)(0.5346)
W2t = = 2007 lbf
1(1.404)(1.043)(8.66)(1.208)(1)
2007(925)
H2 = = 56.3 hp
33 000
( Z N ) P = 0.948, ( Z N ) G = 0.973
Table 14-6: 0.99 (Sc ) 107 = 150 000 psi
0.948(1)
(c, allow ) P = 150 000 = 167 294 psi
1(0.85)
167 294 2 1.963(1.5)(0.195)
W3t = = 2074 lbf
2300 1(1.404)(1.043)
2074(925)
H3 = = 58.1 hp
33 000
0.973
(c, allow ) G = (167 294) = 171 706 psi
0.948
171 706 2 1.963(1.5)(0.195)
W4t = = 2167 lbf
2300 1(1.404)(1.052)
2167(925)
H4 = = 60.7 hp
33 000
Hrated = min(43.7, 56.3, 58.1, 60.7) = 43.7 hp Ans.
Pinion bending controlling
14-34
(Y N ) P = 1.6831(108 ) 0.0323 = 0.928
(Y N )G = 1.6831(108 /3.059)0.0323 = 0.962
Table 14-3: St = 55 000 psi
55 000(0.928)
(all ) P = = 60 047 psi
1(0.85)
60 047(1.5)(0.423)
W1t = = 2487 lbf
1(1.404)(1.043)(8.66)(1.208)(1)
2487(925)
H1 = = 69.7 hp
33 000
0.962
(all ) G = (60 047) = 62 247 psi
0.928
62 247 0.5346
W2 =
t
(2487) = 3258 lbf
60 047 0.423
3258
H2 = (69.7) = 91.3 hp
2487
shi20396_ch14.qxd 8/20/03 12:43 PM Page 388
388 Solutions Manual Instructors Solution Manual to Accompany Mechanical Engineering Design
2886(925)
H4 = = 80.9 hp
33 000
Hrated = min(69.7, 91.3, 72, 80.9) = 69.7 hp Ans.
Chapter 14 389