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Chemistry
Higher level
Paper 1

Friday 14 May 2021 (morning)

1 hour

Instructions to candidates
y Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.
y Answer all the questions.
y For each question, choose the answer you consider to be the best and indicate your choice on
the answer sheet provided.
y The periodic table is provided for reference on page 2 of this examination paper.
y The maximum mark for this examination paper is [40 marks].

2221 – 6113
14 pages © International Baccalaureate Organization 2021
 The Periodic Table
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

1 Atomic number
2
1 H He
1.01 4.00
Element
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 Li Be B C N O F Ne
6.94 9.01 Relative atomic mass 10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
3 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
22.99 24.31 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.07 35.45 39.95

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39.10 40.08 44.96 47.87 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.69 63.55 65.38 69.72 72.63 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.90

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
–2–

85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.96 (98) 101.07 102.91 106.42 107.87 112.41 114.82 118.71 121.76 127.60 126.90 131.29

55 56 57 † 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
6 Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
132.91 137.33 138.91 178.49 180.95 183.84 186.21 190.23 192.22 195.08 196.97 200.59 204.38 207.2 208.98 (209) (210) (222)

87 88 89 ‡ 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
7 Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Unt Uug Uup Uuh Uus Uuo
(223) (226) (227) (267) (268) (269) (270) (269) (278) (281) (281) (285) (286) (289) (288) (293) (294) (294)

† 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
140.12 140.91 144.24 (145) 150.36 151.96 157.25 158.93 162.50 164.93 167.26 168.93 173.05 174.97

‡
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
232.04 231.04 238.03 (237) (244) (243) (247) (247) (251) (252) (257) (258) (259) (262)
2221 – 6113
 –3– 2221 – 6113

1. 0.20 mol of magnesium is mixed with 0.10 mol of hydrochloric acid.

Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)

Which is correct?

Maximum yield
Limiting reagent
of H2 / mol

A. HCl 0.10

B. Mg 0.20

C. HCl 0.05

D. Mg 0.10

2. Which amount, in mol, of sodium chloride is needed to make 250 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm−3 solution?

A. 4.0 × 10−4

B. 0.025

C. 0.40

D. 25

3. What is the sum of the coefficients when the equation is balanced with whole numbers?

__Sn(OH)4 (aq) + __NaOH (aq) → __Na2SnO3 (aq) + __H2O (l)

A. 4

B. 5

C. 6

D. 7

4. What is represented by “2−” in AZX2−?

A. loss of electron

B. gain of electron

C. loss of proton

D. gain of proton

Turn over
 –4– 2221 – 6113

5. The first eight successive ionization energies for an element are shown. In which group is the
element?

20 000
18 000
16 000
Ionization energy / kJ mol–1

14 000
12 000
10 000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Successive ionization

A. 6

B. 7

C. 8

D. 17

6. Which property increases down group 1?

A. atomic radius

B. electronegativity

C. first ionization energy

D. melting point

7. Which is a d-block element?

A. Ca

B. Cf

C. Cl

D. Co
 –5– 2221 – 6113

8. Which factor does not affect the colour of a complex ion?

A. temperature of the solution

B. identity of the ligand

C. identity of the metal

D. oxidation number of the metal

9. Which compound has the greatest volatility under the same conditions?

A. SO2

B. SiO2

C. SnO2

D. SrO

10. Which compound has the shortest C to N bond?

A. HCN

B. CH3CH2NH2

C. CH3CHNH

D. (CH3)2NH

11. Which is the correct order based on increasing strength?

A. covalent bonds < hydrogen bonds < dipole–dipole forces < dispersion forces

B. dipole–dipole forces < dispersion forces < hydrogen bonds < covalent bonds

C. dispersion forces < dipole–dipole forces < hydrogen bonds < covalent bonds

D. dispersion forces < dipole–dipole forces < covalent bonds < hydrogen bonds

12. Which atom has an expanded octet?

A. C in CO2

B. S in SCl4

C. O in H2O2

D. P in PCl3

Turn over
 –6– 2221 – 6113

13. What is the electron domain geometry of Si in SiO2?

A. bent

B. linear

C. square planar

D. tetrahedral

14. Which describes an exothermic reaction?

Heat transfer Enthalpy

A. from surroundings to system reactants > products

B. from surroundings to system products > reactants

C. from system to surroundings products > reactants

D. from system to surroundings reactants > products

15. The potential energy profile of a reaction is shown.

Energy

Reactants

Products

Progress of reaction

What can be determined about stability and energy change from the potential energy profile shown?

More stable Reaction

A. reactants exothermic

B. reactants endothermic

C. products exothermic

D. products endothermic
 –7– 2221 – 6113

16. Which represents electron affinity?

A. Al2+ (g) → Al3+ (g) + e−

B. C (g) + e− → C− (g)

C. Cl2 (g) → 2Cl (g)

D. S (s) → S+ (g) + e−

17. Which change results in the largest negative value of ∆S?

A. C2H5OH (l) + SOCl2 (l) → C2H5Cl (l) + SO2 (g) + HCl (g)

B. CaCO3 (s) → CaO (s) + CO2 (g)

C. H2O (l) → H2O (s)

D. NH3 (g) + HCl (g) → NH4Cl (s)

18. Which change causes the greatest increase in the initial rate of reaction between nitric acid
and magnesium?

2HNO3 (aq) + Mg (s) → Mg(NO3)2 (aq) + H2 (g)

[HNO3] Size of metal pieces

A. doubled halved

B. doubled doubled

C. halved halved

D. halved doubled

19. Which explains increasing rate of reaction with increasing temperature?

Particles with E > Ea Frequency of collisions

A. same same

B. more greater

C. same greater

D. more same

Turn over
 –8– 2221 – 6113

20. Which graph represents a second order reaction with respect to X?

X→Y

A. B.
[X]

[X]
Time Time

C. D.
Rate

Rate

[X] [X]

21. Which statements are correct about the action of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?
I. It increases the energy of each collision.
II. It alters the mechanism of the reaction.
III. It remains unchanged at the end of the reaction.

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

22. What effect does a catalyst have on the position of equilibrium and the value of the
equilibrium constant, Kc, for an exothermic reaction?

Position of equilibrium Value of equilibrium constant

A. moves to products increases

B. stays the same increases

C. stays the same stays the same

D. moves to products stays the same

 –9– 2221 – 6113

23. Sulfur dioxide reacts with oxygen to form sulfur trioxide.

2SO2 (g) + O2 (g)  2SO3 (g) ∆H = −197 kJ

Which change increases the value of Kc?

A. increasing the temperature

B. decreasing the temperature

C. decreasing [SO2 (g)]

D. decreasing [SO3 (g)]

24. Which cannot act as a Brønsted–Lowry base?

A. HPO42−

B. H 2O

C. CH4

D. NH3

25. Which causes acid deposition?

A. SO2

B. SiO2

C. SrO

D. CO2

26. Which is correct?

A. Electrophiles are Brønsted–Lowry acids.

B. Nucleophiles are Brønsted–Lowry acids.

C. Electrophiles are Lewis acids.

D. Nucleophiles are Lewis acids.

Turn over
 – 10 – 2221 – 6113

27. Which compound is acidic in aqueous solution?

A. KBr

B. CH3COONa

C. NH4Cl

D. Na2CO3

28. What is the oxidation state of oxygen in H2O2?

A. −2

B. −1

C. +1

D. +2

29. What are the products of the electrolysis of molten potassium chloride, KCl (l)?

Anode Cathode
(positive electrode) (negative electrode)

A. K Cl

B. Cl2 K

C. Cl K

D. K Cl2

30. What would be the electrode potential, E Ö, of the Mn2+ (aq)|Mn (s) half-cell if
Fe3+ (aq)|Fe2+ (aq) is used as the reference standard?

Mn2+ (aq) + 2e−  Mn (s) E Ö = −1.18 V

Fe3+ (aq) + e−  Fe2+ (aq) E Ö = +0.77 V

A. −1.95 V

B. −0.41 V

C. +0.41 V

D. +1.95 V
 – 11 – 2221 – 6113

31. What happens to the mass of each copper electrode when aqueous copper(II) sulfate
solution is electrolysed?

Anode (copper) Cathode (copper)

Copper(II) sulfate
solution

Anode Cathode
(positive electrode) (negative electrode)

A. increases increases

B. increases decreases

C. decreases increases

D. decreases decreases

32. What is the IUPAC name of the molecule shown?

CH3 CH2CH3

H3C CH CH2 CH CH3

A. 2,4-dimethylhexane

B. 3,5-dimethylhexane

C. 2-methyl-4-ethylpentane

D. 2-ethyl-4-methylpentane

Turn over
 – 12 – 2221 – 6113

33. Which monomer forms the polymer shown?

H CH3 H CH3 H CH3

C C C C C C

Cl H Cl H Cl H n

A. CH(Cl)=CH(CH3)

B. CH2=C(Cl)CH3

C. (CH3)2CHCl

D. CH2=CHCl

34. Which is a propagation step in the free-radical substitution mechanism of ethane with chlorine?

A. Cl2 → 2 •Cl

B. •C2H5 + Cl2 → C2H5Cl + •Cl

C. •C2H5 + •Cl → C2H5Cl

D. C2H6 + •Cl → C2H5Cl + •H

35. Which compound shows cis-trans isomerism?

A. CH3CH=CCl2

B. CCl2=CH2

Cl

C.

Cl

Cl

D.

Cl
 – 13 – 2221 – 6113

36. Which compound rotates the plane of plane-polarized light?

A. CH3C(CH3)ClCH3

B. CH3CH2CHClCH3

C. CH3C(Cl)2CH3

D. CH3CClBrCH3

37. Which can be reduced to a secondary alcohol?

A. C2H5COOH

B. CH3CH2OCH3

C. (CH3)2CHCHO

D. CH3COC2H5

38. Which spectra would show the difference between propan-2-ol, CH3CH(OH)CH3, and
propanal, CH3CH2CHO?
I. mass
II. infrared
1
III. H NMR

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

39. How should the difference between 27.0 ± 0.3 and 9.0 ± 0.2 be shown?

A. 18.0 ± 0.1

B. 18.0 ± 0.3

C. 18.0 ± 0.5

D. 18.0 ± 0.6

Turn over
 – 14 – 2221 – 6113

40. What information can be deduced from the splitting pattern of 1H NMR signals?

A. total number of hydrogen atoms in a compound

B. number of hydrogen atoms on adjacent atom(s)

C. functional group on which hydrogen atoms are located

D. number of hydrogen atoms in a particular chemical environment

References:

5. Copyright Prof Mark Winter.

All other texts, graphics and illustrations © International Baccalaureate Organization 2021