TSHOOT v6 Chapter 1
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Chapter 1 Objectives
▪ Évaluer les modèles et méthodologies couramment
utilisés pour la maintenance du réseau
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Modèles et méthodologies de maintenance
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Avantages de la maintenance structurée par
rapport à la maintenance interrompue
▪ Proactivé / réactivé,
▪ Temps d’arrêt du réseau réduit:
• Découvrez et prévenir les problèmes avant qu’ils se
produisent.
• Maximiser le temps moyen entre pannes (MTBF).
• Minimiser le temps moyen de réparation (MTTR)
▪ Plus rentable,
▪ Meilleure harmonisation avec les objectifs de
l’entreprise,
▪ Sécurité du réseau améliorée
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Modèles de maintenance et organisations
▪ IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL)
▪ ISO – FCAPS
• Fault management
• Configuration management
• Accounting management
• Performance Management
• Security Management
▪ ITU-T - Telecommunications Management Network (TMN)
▪ Cisco Lifecycle Services Approach (CLSA) Phases–
PPDIOO
• Prepare : Définition des besoins
• Plan : Définitions des assets nécessaires pour répondre au besoin
• Design Implement : Elaboration d’une solution répondant aux besoins
• Operate : Maintien du bon fonctionnement du réseau au jour le jour
• Optimisation : Optimisation et amélioration de la solution
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Les éléments de gestion de la
configuration du modèle FCAPS
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Processus et procédures de maintenance
du réseau
Un plan de maintenance réseau comprend des
procédures pour les tâches suivantes:
▪ Prise en compte des ajouts, des déplacements et des
modifications,
▪ Installation et configuration de nouveaux périphériques,
▪ Remplacement de périphériques défaillants,
▪ Sauvegarde des configurations et des logiciels de
périphériques,
▪ Dépannage des défaillances des liaisons et des périphériques,
▪ Mise à niveau ou correction de logiciel,
▪ Surveillance du réseau, Mesure des performances et
planification de la capacité
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Processus et procédures de maintenance
du réseau
La planification de la maintenance du réseau comprend:
▪ Planification de la maintenance,
▪ Formalisation des procédures de contrôle des
modifications,
▪ Etablissement de procédures de documentation sur le
réseau,
▪ Etablissement d'une communication efficace,
▪ Définition des modèles / procédures / conventions,
▪ Planification de reprise après sinistre
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Outils, applications et ressources de maintenance
réseau
TFTP
Console
FTP
SSH
SCP
Telnet
HTTP(S)
Syslog
GUI mgmt
NTP
HTTP
HTTPS
Telnet
SSH Time Logging
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NTP Example
(Selected output from the running config)
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Cisco Configuration and Documentation Tools
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Logging Services
Logging severity levels on Cisco devices:
▪ (0) Emergencies
▪ (1) Alerts
▪ (2) Critical
▪ (3) Errors
▪ (4) Warnings
▪ (5) Notifications
▪ (6) Informational
▪ (7) Debugging
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Logging to a Server
!
logging buffered 16348 Messages are logged to
! a circular log buffer in RAM
logging console warnings that is limited to 16384 Bytes.
!
logging 10.1.152.1
!
Logging messages on the console are
limited to level 4 and lower. By default
all messages from level 0 (emergencies)
to level 7 (debugging) are logged.
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Outils de surveillance du réseau et de mesure de
la performance
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Mise en œuvre de services de sauvegarde et de
restauration via FTP
▪ Copy using FTP with specified username and password
R1(config)# ip ftp username backup
R1(config)# ip ftp password san-fran
R1(config)# exit
R1# copy startup-config ftp://10.1.152.1/R1-test.cfg
Address or name of remote host [10.1.152.1]?
Destination filename [R1-test.cfg]?
Writing R1-test.cfg !
2323 bytes copied in 0.304 secs (7641 bytes/sec)
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Mise en œuvre de services de sauvegarde et de
restauration à l'aide de Archive
▪ Setting up the configuration archive
R1(config)# archive
R1(config-archive)# path flash:/config-archive/$h-config
R1(config-archive)# write-memory
R1(config-archive)# time-period 10080
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Implémentation des services de sauvegarde et
de restauration à l'aide de configure replace
R1# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)# hostname TEST
TEST(config)# ^Z
TEST# configure replace flash:config-archive/R1-config-3 list
This will apply all necessary additions and deletions
to replace the current running configuration with the
contents of the specified configuration file, which is
assumed to be a complete configuration, not a partial
configuration. Enter Y if you are sure you want to proceed. ? [no]: yes
!Pass 1
!List of Commands:
no hostname TEST
hostname RO1
end
Total number of passes: 1
Rollback Done
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Outils de récupération après sinistre
La reprise après sinistre dépend de l’existence des
éléments suivants:
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Chapter 1 Summary
▪ Advantages of a structured network maintenance model over interrupt-driven
include reduced network downtime and higher network security.
▪ Examples of structured network maintenance methodologies include ITIL,
FCAPS, TMN and Cisco Lifecycle Services (PPDIOO).
▪ Network maintenance plans include procedures for adds/moves/changes,
software upgrades and replacement of failed devices.
▪ Network maintenance planning includes maintenance scheduling,
documentation development, templates/procedures/conventions definition and
disaster recovery planning.
▪ Network documentation includes network drawings, connections, equipment
lists, IP address administration, device configurations and design
documentation.
▪ When a device fails, disaster recovery requires that replacement hardware,
software, configuration files and transfer tools be available.
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Chapter 1 Summary – Cont.
▪ The basic components of a network maintenance toolkit include CLI and
GUI device management tools as well as backup, log and time servers.
▪ Cisco web-based tools and resources: Dynamic Configuration Tool,
Cisco Feature Navigator, SNMP Object Navigator and Cisco Power
Calculator.
▪ Main motivations for measuring network performance are capacity
planning, diagnosing performance problems and SLA compliance.
▪ TFTP, FTP, SCP, HTTP, and HTTPS can be used to transfer files
between network and backup devices. FTP, SCP, HTTP, and HTTPS
are more secure than TFTP as they require authentication. SCP and
HTTPS are most secure because they also incorporate encryption.
▪ The configuration archiving feature can be helpful in creating
configuration archives, either locally on a remote server (introduced with
IOS Release 12.3(7)T).
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