DONATE

!"#$ % &$'()"*+,#-./0"#./""1.2"./3$* % 425

ATP
!"#$%&#'()*+',-'.%&/012#'3%45'6'#$%&7$#'%4
5%8-'6'5&9./-:'()*';--<9'%&4'1-48-9'=4"17'610
%&4'$-64#'>-6#"17:'?#29'%&4'>%0@29'A-1-47@
.&44-1.@:B

?#C9'#$-'56"1'-1-47@'.&44-1.@'1%#'%1/@'"1'%&4
.-//9+'>&#'"1'6//'3%459'%3'/"3-'%1'#$-'</61-#:'(//
.-//9'56;-'"#'D"#'0%-912#'#468-/'34%5'.-//'#%'.-//E+
610'#$-@'&9-'"#'#%'<%,-4'1-64/@'6//'%3'#$-"4
<4%.-99-9:

()*'9#6109'3%4'60-1%9"1-'#4"<$%9<$6#-

Adenine Adenine
base base

Phosphate
groups
Phosphate
groups Ribose Ribose
3D model based on 2D model highlighting Simplified
molecular structure atoms (carbon, oxygen, 2D models
nitrogen, phosphorus)

ATP Holds Energy

()*'"9'/";-'6'#"1@'>6##-4@:'('4-.$647-6>/-'((
>6##-4@'"9'>69".6//@'6'<6.;67-'%3'-1-47@'#$6#'.61
>-'&9-0'#%'<%,-4'61@'1&5>-4'%3'-/-.#4%1".
0-8".-9F6'4-5%#-'.%1#4%/+'6'G69$/"7$#+'6'765-
.%1#4%//-4:

H"5"/64/@+'6'5%/-.&/-'%3'()*'$%/09'6'/"##/-'>"#'%3
.$-5".6/'-1-47@+'610'"#'.61'<%,-4'9%5-#$"17
,"#$"1'#$-'.-//:')$"9'9"17/-'5%/-.&/-'.61'<%,-4'6
5%#%4'<4%#-"1'#$6#'56;-9'6'5&9./-'.-//'.%1#46.#+
6'#4619<%4#'<4%#-"1'#$6#'56;-9'6'1-48-'.-//'=4-+'6
4">%9%5-'D#$-'5%/-.&/64'56.$"1-'#$6#'.61'>&"/0
#$-9-'610'%#$-4'<4%#-"19E+'610'5&.$'5%4-:

()*'"9'%3#-1'.6//-0'#$-'.-//C9'A-1-47@'.&44-1.@:I
J";-'5%1-@'.61'>&@'61@'"#-5'"1'6'9#%4-+'#$"9'%1-
5%/-.&/-'.61'<%,-4'6/5%9#'61@'<4%.-99'"1'6'.-//:

K&.$'/";-'6'9#610640'>6##-4@'.61'<%,-4
5&/#"</-'-/-.#4%1".'0-8".-9+'()*'.61'<%,-4
561@'5%/-.&/64'<4%.-99-9:

ATP is Recyclable

)$-'.-//'0%-91C#'$68-'#%'56;-'()*'34%5'9.46#.$
-8-4@'#"5-'"#'1--09'9%5-'-1-47@:'J";-'6
4-.$647-6>/-'>6##-4@+'()*'.61'6/9%'>-'4-.$647-0
610'4-&9-0:

(L*+'#$-'A&1.$647-0I'8-49"%1'%3'#$-'5%/-.&/-+
9#6109'3%4'60-1%9"1-'0"<$%9<$6#-:')$-',%40
0"<$%9<$6#-'"10".6#-9'#$6#'#$-'5%/-.&/-'$69'M
<$%9<$6#-'D*NOE'74%&<9:')%'A.$647-I'(L*+'#$-
.-//'6009'6'#$"40'<$%9<$6#-'74%&<+'.%18-4#"17
(L*'#%'()*:'()*'9#6109'3%4'60-1%9"1-
#4"<$%9<$6#-:')$-',%40'#4"<$%9<$6#-'"10".6#-9
#$6#'#$-'5%/-.&/-'$69'O'<$%9<$6#-'74%&<9:

()*'9#%4-9'-1-47@',"#$"1'#$-'>%109'>-#,--1
<$%9<$6#-'74%&<9+'-9<-."6//@'#$-'9-.%10'610
#$"40:')$"9'>%10'"9'6'9%&4.-'%3'<%#-1#"6/'.$-5".6/
-1-47@+'610'"#C9';"10'%3'/";-'6'.%5<4-99-0'9<4"17:
P-##"17'#$-'-1-47@'>6.;'%&#'4-Q&"4-9'6'<4%#-"1
D%4'"1'9%5-'.69-9'RS(E'#$6#'DTE'>4-6;9'#$-'#$"40
<$%9<$6#-'74%&<'%U'610'DME'&9-9'#$-'-1-47@
4-/-69-0+'/";-',$-1'6'9<4"17'&1.%"/9+'#%'0%
9%5-#$"17V'04"8-'6'.$-5".6/'4-6.#"%1+'5%8-'<64#
%3'#$-'<4%#-"1+'%4'#4619<%4#'9%5-#$"17'D9--
>-/%,E:

)$-'.-//'.61'56;-'610'>4-6;'()*'-W#4-5-/@
Q&".;/@:'(',%4;"17'5&9./-'.-//'56;-9'610'&9-9
6>%&#'TX'5"//"%1'5%/-.&/-9'%3'()*'-8-4@'9-.%10Y

)$-'(L*'<%4#"%1'%3'#$-'5%/-.&/-'9#6@9'#$-
965-:'(00"17'6'#$"40'<$%9<$6#-'74%&<
D<$%9<$%4@/6#"%1E'6009'-1-47@+'/";-
.%5<4-99"17'6'9<4"17:'R-5%8"17'#$-'<$%9<$6#-
Provide feedback

74%&<'D$@04%/@9"9E'4-/-69-9'-1-47@+'/";-'34--"17'6
9<4"17'#%'&1.%"/:

Top Uses for ATP

a$-5".6/ K-.$61".6/ )4619<%4#

Z1-47@'34%5'()*'"9'&9-0'#%'3&-/'6//'5611-4'%3
.$-5".6/'4-6.#"%19+'"1./&0"17'#$%9-'4-Q&"4-0'3%4
.%<@"17'LS('610'>&"/0"17'<4%#-"19:'?1'#$-9-
4-6.#"%19+'-1[@5-9'%8-49--'#$-'#46193-4'%3
-1-47@'34%5'()*'$@04%/@9"9'#%'#$-'3%456#"%1'%3
61%#$-4'.$-5".6/'>%10:

)$-',%4;'#$6#'()*'0%-9'36//9'"1#%'#$4--'7-1-46/
.6#-7%4"-9V'.$-5".6/+'5-.$61".6/+'610'#4619<%4#:
?1'%#$-4',%409+'#$-'-1-47@'34%5'()*'.61'>-
&9-0'#%'04"8-'6'.$-5".6/'4-6.#"%1+'5%8-
9%5-#$"17+'%4'<&9$'6'5%/-.&/-'34%5'%1-'9"0-'%3
6'5-5>461-'#%'61%#$-4:')$-'>"77-9#'&9-49'%3
()*'64-'/"9#-0'>-/%,:')$-'"//&9#46#"%1'9$%,9'$%,
61'-1[@5-'D#RS('9@1#$-#69-E'&9-9'()*'#%
B.$647-B'6'#RS('5%/-.&/-+'6##6.$"17'61'65"1%
6."0'#$6#',"//'>-'&9-0'3%4'>&"/0"17'6'<4%#-"1:

K%9#'%3'%&4'.-//9'9#-60"/@'56;-'<4%#-"19'610
.644@'%&#'%#$-4'4-<6"49'69'<64#'%3'#$-"4'4%&#"1-
56"1#-161.-:'H%5-'.-//9+'/";-'#$-'%1-9'#$6#
56;-'&<'%&4'9;"1'610'#$-'/"1"17'%3'%&4'0"7-9#"8-
#46.#+'64-'6.#"8-/@'0"8"0"17'#%'4-</6.-'.-//9'#$6#
64-'/%9#'-8-4@'06@:'LS('4-</".6#"%1'610'<4%#-"1
9@1#$-9"9'64-'-9<-."6//@'$"7$'"1'#$-9-'.-//9:

Two Ways for Making ATP

(9'%&4'.-//9'%W"0"[-'.64>%1\>69-0'5%/-.&/-9
34%5'%&4'3%%0+'9%5-'%3'#$-'-1-47@'$-/0',"#$"1
#$-"4'.$-5".6/'>%109'"9'4-/-69-0:'N&4',$%/-
.%5</-W'5-#6>%/".'9@9#-5'"9'644617-0'#%
.6<#&4-'9%5-'%3'#$"9'-1-47@'610'<&#'"#'#%',%4;:'?3
()*'"9'/";-'6'>6##-4@+'#$-1'.-//&/64'4-9<"46#"%1'"9
/";-'6'>6##-4@'.$647-4:

N&4'.-//9'$68-'#,%',6@9'#%'56;-'()*V'9&>9#46#-\
/-8-/'<$%9<$%4@/6#"%1'610'%W"06#"8-
<$%9<$%4@/6#"%1:'*/61#9'$68-'6'#$"40:'L&4"17
<$%#%9@1#$-9"9+'#$-@'&9-'-1-47@'34%5'9&1/"7$#
#%'56;-'()*:

Substrate-level Phosphorylation

)$"9'<4%.-99'"18%/8-9'61'-1[@5-'D6'#@<-'%3
<4%#-"1E',$".$'#46193-49'6'<$%9<$6#-'74%&<
34%5'6'9&>9#46#-'D"1'#$"9'.69-+'6'.64>%1\>69-0
5%/-.&/-'34%5'3%%0E'#%'(L*:

)$-'()*'7-1-46#-0'0&4"17'7/@.%/@9"9'610'#$-
."#4".'6."0'.@./-'.%5-'6>%&#'"1'#$"9',6@+
6..%&1#"17'3%4']'()*9'<-4'7/&.%9-'5%/-.&/-:

Oxidative Phosphorylation

)$"9'<4%.-99'7-1-46#-9'5%9#'%3'#$-'()*',-'&9-
F&<'#%'M^'3%4'-6.$'5%/-.&/-'%3'7/&.%9-:

(9'-1[@5-9'>4-6;'6<64#'#$-'5%/-.&/-9'34%5
3%%0+'#$-@'#46193-4'$@04%7-1'6#%59'D560-'%3'6
<4%#%1'610'61'-/-.#4%1E'#%'#$-'.644"-4'5%/-.&/-9
_(L'610'S(L:')$-'.644"-49'0-/"8-4'#$-9-'<4%#%19
610'-/-.#4%19'#%'#$-'5"#%.$%104"6/'5-5>461-:

)$-'5%8-5-1#'%3'-/-.#4%19'6/%17'#$-'-/-.#4%1
#4619<%4#'.$6"1'<%,-49'<&5<9'#$6#'5%8-
<4%#%19'"1#%'#$-'9<6.-'>-#,--1'#$-'#,%
5"#%.$%104"6/'5-5>461-9:')$-'<4%#%19'#$-1
0"U&9-'>6.;'6.4%99'#$-'5-5>461-'#$4%&7$'()*
9@1#$69-+'6'4-564;6>/-'5%/-.&/64'56.$"1-'#$6#
&9-9'#$-'-1-47@'34%5'<4%#%1'0"U&9"%1'#%
A.$647-I'5%/-.&/-9'%3'()*:

H&>9#46#-\/-8-/'*$%9<$%4@/6#"%1

NW"06#"8-'*$%9<$%4@/6#"%1

ATP is a Nucleotide

()*'1%#'%1/@'9#%4-9'-1-47@+'"#'"9'%1-'%3'#$-
>&"/0"17'>/%.;9'%3'RS(F6/%17',"#$'`)*+'a)*+
610'P)*:'K%/-.&/64'56.$"1-9'"19"0-'6//'.-//9+
.6//-0'RS('<%/@5-469-9+'/"1;'#$-9-'>&"/0"17
>/%.;9'#%7-#$-4'"1#%'/%17'.$6"19'#%'56;-
5-99-17-4+'#46193-4+'4">%9%56/+'610'%#$-4'#@<-9
%3'RS(:

Z6.$'1&./-%#"0-'$%/09'#$-'-1-47@'1--0-0'#%'600
"#9-/3'#%'#$-'74%,"17'.$6"1:'(9'RS('"9'>-"17'>&"/#
D6'<4%.-99'.6//-0'#4619.4"<#"%1E+'#,%'<$%9<$6#-9
64-'./-68-0'%U'#$-'"1.%5"17'1&./-%#"0-+'610'#$-
-1-47@'34%5'#$6#'>%10'"9'4-0"4-.#-0'"1#%'3%45"17
6'1-,'>%10',"#$'#$-'1&./-%#"0-'"1'34%1#'%3'"#:

LS('"9'>&"/#'&9"17'6'9"5"/64'<4%.-99+'%1/@'#$-
>&"/0"17'>/%.;9'64-'0()*+'0))*+'0a)*+'610'0P)*:
)$-'A0I'"10".6#-9'#$6#'#$-'1&./-%#"0-9'.%1#6"1
#$-'9&764'0-%W@4">%9-'"19#-60'%3'4">%9-'D#$-
0"U-4-1.-'"9'#$6#'0-%W@4">%9-'$69'%1-'/-99
%W@7-1'6#%5E:

J";-'()*+'P)*'.61'6/9%'>-'&9-0'#%'$%/0'610
#46193-4'-1-47@:'L&4"17'#$-'."#4".'6."0'.@./-+'3%4
-W65</-+'P)*'6.#9'69'61'"1#-45-0"6#-'-1-47@
$%/0-4+'&/#"56#-/@'#46193-44"17'"#9'#$"40
<$%9<$6#-'74%&<'#%'(L*'#%'7-1-46#-'()*:'P)*
6/9%'<%,-49'9%5-'%3'#$-'9#-<9'%3'<4%#-"1
9@1#$-9"9:

ATP
ATP GTP

Adenine
base

Phosphate
UTP
CTP
groups Remove this
oxygen to
Ribose make dATP

RNA

DNA

Related links

J-641'5%4-'6>%&#'RS(+'8"9"#'RS(29'R%/-'"1'#$-
a-1#46/'L%756:

b"9"#')-6.$:P-1-#".9

H"71'&<'3%4'%&4'-56"/'611%&1.-5-1#9

a"#-'#$"9'<67- c L"9./6"5-4 c *-45"99"%19'*%/".@

c *4"86.@'*%/".@

a%<@4"7$#'d `1"8-49"#@'%3'`#6$ PHJa