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Teori Kinetik Gas –

Fisika Kelas 11
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%&#''()#"*$6")&4$.(5(7"//"*$4('(8"$8#$7(.'"7

0"*-$7(8&6$8"*$7#8"/$7()'"'")$4#*")$B"7"6")#

8"5".$C"/7&$5".";$D"5&+$.(*-"'"$4&6&$,#4"

,()'(*-")&6$'"8"$7(/"*"*$8"*$?35&.(1$E7&5"6

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/#*(7#/$-"4;$E*-#*$7"6&$'(.,"6"4"**0"$5(,#6

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Pengertian Gas Ideal

I"4$#8("5$"8"5"6$4(/&.'&5"*$'")7#/(5$-"4$0"*-

7#8"/$4"5#*-$,()#*7()"/4#$4"7&$8(*-"*$5"#**0";

>)7#*0"+$=")"/$"*7")'")7#/(5$-"4$#8("5$4"*-"7

,()="&6"*$8"*$,()-()"/$4(P")"$"P"/;$>8"'&*

4#T"7O4#T"7$-"4$#8("5$"8"5"6$4(,"-"#$,()#/&7;

K;$ H")7#/(5*0"$,()=&.5"6$,"*0"/;

L;$ @#8"/$"8"$#*7()"/4#$"*7")'")7#/(5$"7"&$7#8"/

"8"$-"0"$7")#/$.(*")#/$"*7")'")7#/(5*0";

N;$ U#/"$8#,"*8#*-/"*$&/&)"*$)&"*-"*+$&/&)"*

'")7#/(5$-"4$#8("5$,#4"$8#","#/"*;

Q;$ @&.,&/"*$0"*-$7()="8#$"*7")"$'")7#/(5$-"4$8"*

8#*8#*-$)&"*-"*$.()&'"/"*$7&.,&/"*

5(*7#*-$4(.'&)*";

V;$ H")7#/(5$-"4$7()4(,")$4(P")"$.()"7"$8#$8"5".

)&"*-"*;

W;$ H")7#/(5$-"4$,()-()"/$4(P")"$"P"/$/($4(-"5"

")"6;

X;$ :()5"/&$!&/&.$<(C73*$7(*7"*-$-()"/;

Y;$ R*()-#$/#*(7#/$)"7"O)"7"$.35(/&5$-"4$#8("5

4(,"*8#*-$8(*-"*$4&6&$.&75"/*0";

D"5&+$"'"/"6$"8"$'()&.&4"*$."7(."7#4$7()/"#7

-"4$#8("51

Persamaan Umum Gas Ideal

>8"'&*$'()4".""*$&.&.$-"4$#8("5$"8"5"6

4(,"-"#$,()#/&7;

J(7()"*-"*Z

,&$[$7(/"*"*$-"4$\H"]^

-.$[$."44"$.35(/&5$)(5"7#T$\/-_.35]^

/$[$?35&.($-"4$\.N]^

<"$[$,#5"*-"*$>?3-"8)3$[$W+`L$a$K`LN$'")7#/(5_.35

0$[$."44"$K$'")7#/(5$-"4$\/-]^

1$[$7(7"'"*$-"4$#8("5$\Y+NKQ$a$K`N$U_/.35;J^

%$[$/3*47"*7"$:357b."*$\K+NY$a$K`OLN$U_J]^

2$[$=&.5"6$'")7#/(5$-"4^

3$[$=&.5"6$.35$\.35]^

!$[$."44"$=(*#4$-"4$\/-_.N]^$8"*

4$[$4&6&$-"4$\J];

Persamaan Keadaan Gas Ideal

H"8"$)&"*-$7()7&7&'$/("8""*$4&"7&$-"4$#8("5

8#'(*-")&6#$35(6$7(/"*"*+$4&6&+$?35&.($8"*

=&.5"6$.35(/&5$-"4;$@()*0"7"+$"8"$,(,()"'"

6&/&.$0"*-$.(*=(5"4/"*$/(7()/"#7"*$"*7")"

/((.'"7$,(4")"*$7()4(,&7;

1. Hukum Boyle

!&/&.$:305($8#P(7&4/"*$35(6$4(3)"*-$#5.&C"*

"4"5$E*--)#4+$0"#7&$c3,()7$:305(;$>8"'&*

'()*0"7""*$!&/&.$:305($"8"5"6$d=#/"$4&6&$4&"7&

-"4$8#="-"$/3*47"*+$."/"$7(/"*"*$-"4$"/"*

,(),"*8#*-$7(),"5#/$8(*-"*$?35&.(*0"e;$E47#5"6

5"#**0"$,#4"$8#*0"7"/"*$4(,"-"#$6"4#5$/"5#$"*7")"

7(/"*"*$8"*$?35&.($4&"7&$-"4$'"8"$4&6&

7()7(*7&$"8"5"6$7(7"'$\#437()."5];$2(P")"

."7(."7#4$8#)&.&4/"*$4(,"-"#$,()#/&7;

J(7()"*-"*Z

,5$[$7(/"*"*$-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$K$\<_.L]^

/5$[$?35&.($-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$K$\.N]^

,6$[$7(/"*"*$-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$L$\<_.L]^$8"*

/6$[$?35&.($-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$L$\.N];

2. Hukum Charles

U#/"$!&/&.$:305($.(.,"6"4$'(*-")&6$7(/"*"*

8"*$?35&.($'"8"$4&6&$7(7"'+$7#8"/$8(.#/#"*

8(*-"*$!&/&.$M6")5(4;$!&/&.$0"*-$8#7(.&/"*

35(6$U"Pf&(4$M6")5(4$#*#$.(*0"7"/"*$,"6C"$d=#/"

7(/"*"*$4&"7&$-"4$8#="-"$/3*47"*+$."/"$?35&.(

-"4$"/"*$4(,"*8#*-$4&6&$.&75"/*0"e;$E47#5"6$5"#*

8")#$!&/&.$M6")5(4$#*#$"8"5"6$6"4#5$,"-#$"*7")"

?35&.($8"*$4&6&$'"8"$7(/"*"*$7(7"'$\#43,")]

"/"*$,()*#5"#$7(7"';$2(P")"$."7(."7#4+

8#)&.&4/"*$4(,"-"#$,()#/&7;

J(7()"*-"*Z

45$[$4&6&$-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$K$\J]^

/5$[$?35&.($-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$K$\.N]^

46$[$4&6&$-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$L$\J]^$8"*

/6$[$?35&.($-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$L$\.N];

3. Hukum Gay-Lussac

!&/&.$I"0OD&44"P$8#7(.&/"*$35(6$4(3)"*-

#5.&C"*$J#.#"$"4"5$H)"*P#4+$0"#7&$U34('6$D3&#4

I"0OD&44"P$'"8"$7"6&*$KY`L;$>8"'&*$'()*0"7""*

!&/&.$I"0OD&44"P$"8"5"6$d=#/"$?35&.($4&"7&$-"4

8#="-"$/3*47"*+$7(/"*"*$-"4$"/"*$4(,"*8#*-

8(*-"*$4&6&$.&75"/*0"e;$>)7#*0"+$')34(4

,()5"*-4&*-$8"5".$/("8""*$#43/63)#/$\?35&.(

7(7"'];$2(P")"$."7(."7#4+$8#)&.&4/"*$4(,"-"#

,()#/&7;

J(7()"*-"*Z

,5$[$7(/"*"*$-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$K$\<_.L]^

45$[$4&6&$-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$K$\J]^

,6$[$7(/"*"*$-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$L$\<_.L]^$4()7"

46$[$4&6&$-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$L$\J];

4. Hukum Boyle-Gay Lussac

!&/&.$:305(O$I"0$D&44"P$"8"5"6$d6"4#5$/"5#$"*7")"

7(/"*"*$8"*$?35&.($8#,"-#$4&6&$'"8"$4(=&.5"6

'")7#/(5$.35$-"4$"8"5"6$7(7"'e;$2(P")"$."7(."7#4+

8#)&.&4/"*$4(,"-"#$,()#/&7;

J(7()"*-"*Z

,5$[$7(/"*"*$-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$K$\<_.L]^

/5$[$?35&.($-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$K$\.N]^

45$[$4&6&$-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$K$\J]^

,6$[$7(/"*"*$-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$L$\<_.L]^

46$[$4&6&$-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$L$\J]^$4()7"

/6$[$?35&.($-"4$'"8"$/("8""*$L$\.N];

Tekanan Gas Ideal

J(,()"8""*$-"4$8#$)&"*-$7()7&7&'$,#4"

.(*-"/#,"7/"*$"8"*0"$7(/"*"*;$@(/"*"*

7()4(,&7$8#4(,",/"*$35(6$"8"*0"$7&.,&/"*

"*7")"$'")7#/(5$-"4$8"*$8#*8#*-$7(.'"7$-"4

,()"8";$:(4")*0"$7(/"*"*$-"4$8#$)&"*-$7()7&7&'

8#)&.&4/"*$4(,"-"#$,()#/&7;

J(7()"*-"*Z

,$[$7(/"*"*$-"4$\<_.L]^

/$[$?35&.($-"4$\.N]^

0$[$."44"$'")7#/(5$-"4$\/-]^

2$[$=&.5"6$'")7#/(5$-"4^

Energi Kinetik Gas Ideal

R*()-#$/#*(7#/$-"4$#8("5$8#4(,",/"*$35(6$"8"*0"

-()"/"*$'")7#/(5$-"4$8#$8"5".$4&"7&$)&"*-"*;$I"4

4(5"5&$,()-()"/$8(*-"*$/(P('"7"*$7()7(*7&;

J(P('"7"*$#*#5"6$0"*-$*"*7#*0"$,()'(*-")&6

'"8"$(*()-#$/#*(7#/$-"4;$2(P")"$."7(."7#4+$(*()-#

/#*(7#/$-"4$#8("5$8#)&.&4/"*$4(,"-"#$,()#/&7;

J(7()"*-"*Z

%$[$/3*47"*7"$:357b."*$\K+NY$a$K`OLN$U_J]^

4$[$4&6&$-"4$\J]^

2$[$=&.5"6$'")7#/(5^

3$[$=&.5"6$.35$-"4$\.35]^$8"*

1$[$7(7"'"*$-"4$#8("5$\Y+NKQ$U_.35;J];

:()8"4")/"*$'()4".""*$8#$"7"4+$8#'()35(6

'()4".""*$&*7&/$/(P('"7"*$(T(/7#T$-"4$'"8"

)&"*-$7()7&7&';$>8"'&*$'()4".""*$/(P('"7"**0"

"8"5"6$4(,"-"#$,()#/&7;

J(7()"*-"*Z

7.0)$[$/(P('"7"*$(T(/7#T$\._4]^

%$[$/3*47"*7"$:357b."*$\K+NY$a$K`OLN$U_J]^

4$[$4&6&$-"4$\J]^

0&[$."44"$'")7#/(5$\/-]^

-.$[$."44"$.35(/&5$)(5"7#T$\/-_.35]^

3$[$=&.5"6$.35$-"4$\.35]^

1$[$7(7"'"*$-"4$#8("5$\Y+NKQ$U_.35;J]^

,$[$7(/"*"*$-"4$\H"]^$8"*

!$[$."44"$=(*#4$-"4$\/-_.N];

Energi Dalam Gas Ideal

H"8"$'(.,"6"4"*$4(,(5&.*0"+$%&#''()#"*

4&8"6$,(5"=")$7(*7"*-$(*()-#$/#*(7#/$-"4+$/"*1

c&.&4$(*()-#$/#*(7#/$7()4(,&7$,()5"/&$&*7&/$4"7&

'")7#/(5$."&'&*$2$'")7#/(5;$D"5&+$,"-"#."*"$=#/"

4(5&)&6$(*()-#$/#*(7#/$'")7#/(5$7()4(,&7

8#=&.5"6/"*1$@()*0"7"+$4""7$4(5&)&6$(*()-#$/#*(7#/

7()4(,&7$8#=&.5"6/"*+$.&*P&55"6$,(4")"*$0"*-

8#4(,&7$(*()-#$8"5".$-"4$#8("5$\8];$R*()-#$8"5".

-"4$#8("5$8#'(*-")&6#$35(6$8()"="7$/(,(,"4"**0";

2(P")"$."7(."7#4+$8#)&.&4/"*$4(,"-"#$,()#/&7;

*+&,-.%/)&0"1"2&3-$34&/"(&25-5"$52)46

(.7.%$)&8.6&9.6&:%

;+&,-.%/)&0"1"2&3-$34&/"(&0)"$52)46&(.7.%$)

<!6&9!6&8!

";$H"8"$4&6&$)(*8"6$\gN``$J]

H"8"$4&6&$)(*8"6+$(*()-#$8"5".$-"4$#8("5

8#)&.&4/"*$4(,"-"#$,()#/&7;

,;$H"8"$4&6&$4(8"*-$\gV``$J]

H"8"$4&6&$4(8"*-+$(*()-#$8"5".$-"4$#8("5

8#)&.&4/"*$4(,"-"#$,()#/&7;

P;$H"8"$4&6&$7#*--#$\gK;```$J]

H"8"$4&6&$7#*--#+$(*()-#$8"5".$-"4$#8("5

8#)&.&4/"*$4(,"-"#$,()#/&7;

E7&5"6$'(.,"6"4"*$4('&7")$7(3)#$/#*(7#/$-"4;

H()4".""*O'()4".""*$0"*-$"8"$'"8"

'(.,"6"4"*$7()4(,&7+$,#4"$%&#''()#"*$-&*"/"*

&*7&/$.(*0(5(4"#/"*$43"5O43"5$7()/"#7$-"4$#8("5;

E*-#*$7"6&$P3*736$43"5*0"1$!"#$%&'"()&*+'9

Contoh Soal 1

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7(/"*"*$47"*8")$\`3$M$8"*$K$"7.]9

S#/(7"6&#Z

4$[$`$h$LXN$[$LXN$J

3$[$V$.35

1$[$Y+NKQ$U_.35;J

,$[$K$"7.$[$K+`K$a$K`V$<_.L

S#7"*0"Z$/$[i1

=.2>"?"("-@

A*7&/$.(*P")#$?35&.(+$-&*"/"*$'()4".""*

&.&.$-"4$#8("5$,()#/&7;

!"#$%&'(%)*%#+,-'./0#),(#1'23,45%++'16 ;'.
$%-./2,)%233#,789:,;'.,<#.'= <#.'=