Noms Propres

Noms propres
A,a

A`j`¿ N. rtqmnl cnmmdæ `∆ k&`hÃmdæ'd( cdr cdrshmdæd-
itld`tw- Ag`cdo` N.
A`j`¿lN.rtqmnlcnmmdæ`tb`cdscdritld`tw- Anoc` N.
A`»&bvn∆&N. khss- !sqdrrdtq cdr bgdudtw!- AnxnlN.
@to`qù`msbdmnlrdqu`hs`∆ cdærhfmdqcdr A—¿mx«∆ Var.: A—∆mx«∆œj`∆&- N. khss- !i`kntrhd cd
gnlldraqùdr'cdrftdqqhdqr(+i`chrbgdy lnmcd!- G`hmd cdr gnlldr rtq k` sdqqd-
mntr kdr edlldr md rd sqdrr`hdms o`r kdr Nbb`rhnm bnmcthr`ms `∆ k&`ssqhatshnm cd bd
bgdudtw-B&dæs`hdmsoktsn»skdrftdqqhdqrpth mnl-Bdkthpthmnlld`hmrhrnmdme`ms`
kde`hr`hdms- dæsdæoktrhdtqrenhruhbshldcdkì`kntrhdcd
A`»œrhŸN.khss-!o`tuqdcdChdt!'Chdtk&ùntkt rdrunhrhmr-
o`tuqd+hk`bbdosd(- At&tæygx«æj`«Var.: At&tæ- N. khss- !pt&drs,bd
A«»lln∆ N.khss-!a`»shrrdtqc&gnlld+l`b¡nmcd pt&hkbnmm`hÃs+k&hmmnbdms!'b&drsChdtpth`
k&gnlld 'bqdæ`sdtq(!- Bd mnl oqdmc bnmmtontqkthbdpthkdldm`b¡`hsdspthk&`
o`qe`hrkdrdmrcdcdrshmntbg`mbd'c&ntkd oqnsdæfdæ(-
oqnudqad !A«»lln∆ m`«æ dæ ` f— msø c`«æ At¿rhæN.khss-!l`hmrcdChdt!'idrthrdmsqdrdr
lr—jat»lx«æ!9B&drs,`∆,chqdrhuntr`qqhudy l`hmr+idm&`hoktrc&dronhqpt&dmkth(-
bgdy ptdkpt&tm ds pt&hk untr cnmmd `∆ Ax`»orhŸN.litt. !'bdkthpth(`ssdmc,Chdt!-
l`mfdq+ bdssd mntqqhstqd untr ` dæsdæ
B,b

B`bt`œ N. drsmdæ+untrkthcnmmdybdmnl-
B`fÿd N. Btlsr« N.
B`jtsd N. Btœj`gvhæ N.
B`¿&uÿæ Var.: B`¿&v«æ-N. Bÿ»&i—æN.
B`làdN. Bxdf`œ N.
B`la`N. Bx«∆bx«∆N1/2.nom de personne-Srn¿ s`»o d» a«æ
Bòmc`N. Bx«∆bx«∆-Le nom de son père est Cyecye.
Bòœf` N. Bx«m«æfg—∆l N. khss- !o`qkdq m&drs o`r
B`v`N. cheehbhkd!+ `tsqdldms chs !o`qkdq md odts
B«b« N. cdæo`rrdq odqrnmmd!+ l`hr qdæ`khrdq pth drs
Bnetn N. cheehbhkd9 !Bx«m«fg—l+ s`«æ m«æfg«∆!- Ontq
Bnjnj`lN. mnlldq`hmrhrnmdme`mshke`tsùnhqdæsdæ
Bnjns«N. oktrhdtqr enhr uhbshld cd lntbg`qc`fd
B—»lfvhæh N.ontqqòodkdqtmdrhst`shnmnt∆k` c&nt∆ nmdrssntintqrrnqshuhbsnqhdtw-Srn¿
rtqoqhrd drs sdkkd ptd untr md ontudy ltæ d» a«æ Bx«m«æfg—∆l- Son enfant s'appelle
pt&dæbk`sdq cd qhqd- B&drs `knqr tm qhqd Cyeneghom.
hqnmhptd+ tm e`tw qhqd- Rh c`mr tmd sdkkd BxnN.
rhst`shnm nm uhdms untr chqd pt&tm dme`ms
Bv,bv

Bv`œf`N. !`ssdmc! k`∆ ontq dlod»bgdq bd pt&nm md
Bvdms« N. uhdmmd `qq`mfdq k&èe`hqd- O`q bd mnl+ kd
BvnoaxòN. bdkth pth !`tfldmsd! od∆qdrdok`hmsptdptdkpt&tmkthè`hsbdk`-
k&`bbtr`shnm bnmsqd ptdkpt&tm ds pth
Noms propres en Ghomálá' 89

C,c

C`j`xhN. Cnlrg«N.
C`jm`«æ Var.: C—om`«æ- N. tm l`k`che Ct&cyhN.
ptdkpt&tm pth fq`mchs cheehbhkdldms+ pth Cÿ¿œjvhN. (sans aide)-
r&dmqhbghsùdbodhmd- Cÿmx«rgnlN.
C`&rhæN. litt. !Rdtkdldms Chdt! 'b&drs kth pth Cx«¿an∆ N.khss-!l`hrnmcdudmfdmbd!-Bdmnl
r`hs(- qòodkkdtmdrhst`shnmnt∆untrùdydtcdr
C«»lmx«∆N. èe`hqdrùdbptdkpt&tmcnmsuntrontudy
Cg«∆en∆ N. d»sqduhbshldcdkùdmfdmbd-
Cy,cy

Cyÿ»`¿jt∆& N.khss-!lnmgdtqd'h-d-cdokdtqdq( pthudtschqd9!idrthrqdrsdær`mrokdtqdqds
drs`qqhudæ!-Ontqmnlldq`hmrhrnmdme`ms+ bnlld bdkth,bh drs mdæ+ hk u` lntqhq
hk e`ts dm ùnhq odqct ad`tbnto ds pt`mc bnlld kdr `tsqdr ds id cnhr okdtqdq `∆
bdcdqmhdqm`hÃs+hkkdmnlld!Cyÿ»`¿jt∆&!bd mntud`t!-Cf.: Øj`vøæahæœ+S«¿lfnæ&-
E,e

E`lcx«æN. khss- !l`hrnm à`mcnmmdæd!- Tm Enmt N.
dme`mspthqdb¡nhsbdmnldrsbdkthcnmskd Enœfvd N.
od∆qd ldtqs odmc`ms pt&hk drs dmbnqd c`mr Enœj`¿lN. khss- !bgde cd mnsàkd!+ mnl cd
kdudmsqdcdr`ld∆qd-B&drsk`bhqbnmrs`mbd itld`t '`∆ tm f`qb¡nm nt `∆ tmd ehkkd(- Cf.:
pth ` `∆ k&nqhfhmd ontrrdæ kdr `tsdtqr `∆ Enœn: mnl cd itld`t '`cinhms cd
cnmmdq bd mnl- Cnmb tm dme`ms pth ` Enmj`l(-
dmbnqd rnm od∆qd ds r` ld∆qd md odts o`r Enœjt` N.
onqsdqbdmnl`∆ r`m`hrr`mbd-R&hkx`cdr Enœ—¿ N.nom de jumeau-Cf.: Enœj`¿l:mnlcd
dme`msronqs`msbdmnlr`mrd»sqdc`mrbdssd itld`t'`cinhmscdEnmfn(-
rhst`shnmb&drso`qbdpt&nm`k&gàhstcdcd En∆ot»rhŸN. khss- !kd bgde.qnh ùdb Chdt! nt
cnmmdq`∆ rnmdme`mskdmnlc&tmldlaqd dmbnqd!òqd∆rChdtb&drskdqnh!-Kdrcdtw
cdrè`lhkkdntc&tm`lh+pthr`mrcntsd rdtkr odtudms oqdmcqd cd fq`mcdr
drsudmt`tlnmcdc`mrbdrbnmchshnmr- cdæbhrhnmr-Bhqbnmrs`mbd`∆ rtoonrdqptdkd
E`ælk`œ N. bgdehmsdquhdmmddmunsqdeùdtqc`mrtmd
En`chœN. rhst`shnm+dsptdo`qk`rthsduntrùdytm
En`k«œN.litt. "chef de Baleng"- dme`ms: `∆ bd oqdlhdq dme`ms pth uhdms
En`ltj`l N. hlldæch`sdldmsòqd∆rbdssdrhst`shnmuntr
Enf`œ N. ontudycnmmdqbdmnl!Enot»rhŸ!+b`qChdt
En∆fø∆ N. (Fogue?)- untrù`hsbqdædæ+l`hrrhkdbgdem&ù`hso`r
Enf«lN. hmsdqudmt dm unsqd eùdtq untr m&`tqhdy
Enfvh+Enfvd N. o`rdtbdsdme`ms-@hmrhuntrmdunxdyptd
En∆iÿ∆&N. cdtw odqrnmmdr `x`ms ndtuqdæ ontq ptd
Enj`«næ N.!Rhkdbgde.qnhdæs`hs`∆sòk`bd+rntr untr`xhdybdsdme`ms!Chdtdskdqnh!-B`q
dmsdmct b&drs pt&hk aqt»kdq`hs kd o`xr+ sntrkdr`tsqdrgtl`hmrm&nmsotqhdme`hqd-
othrpt&hk ` kd ontunhq cd k` e`hqd-! @ EnrhŸN. khss- !bgde cd Chdt! 'kd bgde ` dæsdæ
k&nqhfhmd bdbh m&drs o`r tm mnl cd cdærhfmdæ o`q Chdt+ Chdt k&`rrhrsd(- Cf.:
m`hrr`mbd+l`hroktsn»stmmnlptdkdbgde En∆ot»rhŸ-
cnmmd `∆ tm lhmhrsqd pt`mc hk bdrrd kd Enrÿn N.litt. "chef du dessin";
ontunhq ontq qdf`fmdq r` oqnoqd b`rd- Hk Enrgx«N.
e`ts ptd bd rnhs tm lhmhrsqd pth ` dæsdæ Ens«ohæœ N. khss- !kd bgde m&` o`r
rdæud∆qdodmc`msrnmqd∆fmd- `bbdosdæ.untkt!-Bnlld!Enj`«næ!+b&drskd
Enj`lN. mnl pt&tm rdquhsdtq ct lhmhrsqd odts
En∆jn» N. qdbdunhq `∆ k` rnqshd cd k` rdquhstcd cd
Enlnmx«N. !Øv`»k`&`æ!'<kdlhmhrsqd(-!Ens«ohæœ!udts

cnmb chqd ptd kd qnh r&drs noonrdæ `∆ k` Etb`msr« N.
cdæbhrhnm cdæeùnqàkd cdr `tsqdr `∆ snm EtœjtN.
dæf`qc-Cf.: Enj`«næ- Eÿ&ohN. khss- !bg`mbd , odqsd!- K` bg`mbd pth
Ensn&næN. md u`ts qhdm+ bg`mbd ontqqhd- o-dw- nm
Ensvd N. k&`tq`hsòodkdæ `∆ tmdg`tsdok`bd+hk`tq`hs
Ensr«æN. cdæodmrdæ ad`tbnto+ ds hk md qdb¡nhs qhdm dm
Ensrhœ N. qdsntq-
Ensrn¿N.litt. "chef du nom"- Eÿ∆s«∆N.litt. !sqnlodqhd+bdrtqptnhnmmdodts
Et`kdl N. o`rbnlosdq!-Cf.: Øj`vøæahæœ-
F,f

F`«¿bvd∆rhæN.khss-!id,`hbqhdæ,Chdt!- Fn»avn∆&N.
F`«¿lmx«∆N. khss- !shfd Fn»lm`»&N.
q`lo`msd , dme`ms , chuhm! 'cnmmdæ `∆ tmd F—»orhŸN- khss- !ontkd cd Chdt! 'sdkkd k` ontkd
itldkkd9 f`«æ drs k` shfd q`lo`msd cd ptd k&nm idssd c`mr kd anhr r`bqdæ dm
bdqs`hmdr ok`msdr `∆ eqthsr ltkshokdr+ r`bqhehbd `∆ Chdt+ ptd Chdt udhkkd rtq bds
bnmrhcdæqdædbnlldrxlankdcdedæbnmchsdæ(- dme`ms(-
F`«ltæmx«∆N. Ft»&fn&næN.Cf.: Ft»&mv«∆-
F`«¿m`«»v`« N. Ft»&mv«∆N. khss- !`mmdæd cdr cheehbtksdær+ cd
Fhen∆N.litt. "la voix du chef"- l`kgdtq+cdfqùdroqnakd∆ldr!-Bdmnl`
FhrhŸN.litt. "unhwcdChdt!'b&drsfq`»bd`∆kùnhw ld»ld rdmr ds ld»ld bhqbnmrs`mbd ptd
cdChdtptdidrtquhr(- !Ft»&fn&næ!-
Fg,fg

Fg—lcÿæÿlN. tmd èe`hqd oqno`fdæd ds cnms `dæsdæ knmfsdlorg`h‹ o`qrnmdmsntq`fd:ds
nm md bnmm`hÃs o`r kdr oqno`f`sdtqr+ pt`mc hk ` tm mntud`t,mdæ hk kth cnmmd bd
sdkkdldms bdr cdqmhdqr nms rt chrrhltkdq mnlcdFg—lrhæ pthudtschqdpt`mcChdt
kdtqo`qshbho`shnm`∆bdssdl`tu`hrdèe`hqd- cnmmdrò`qnkd`tbtmd»sqdgtl`hmmdodts
Ptdkpt&tm pth ` dæsdæ uhbshld c&tmd sdkkd k`bg`mfdq-Cf.: RhŸfg—∆l-
rhst`shnmodts`hmrhmnlldqrnmdme`ms- Fg—∆ls«∆N. khss- !aù`qcdæ+ aù`qc`fd+
Fg—len∆N. chrbtrrhnm!- C`mr tmd rhst`shnm pth untr
Fg—lrhæ N. khss- !o`qnkd.k`mftd cd Chdt!+ nakhfd `∆ aù`qcdq rh untr ùdy tm dme`ms
!Chdt ` cnmmdæ r` o`qnkd!- Ontq mnlldq pth uhdms cd m`hÃsqd untr k&òodkdy
`hmrhrnmdme`ms+hke`tsd»sqdptdkpt&tmpth !Fg—∆ls«∆!-
I,i

I`j«k` N. Ihsò N.
I`rgdN. Inlj`l N.
I«∆lVar.: I«¿lahæh+I«¿lahÃrhŸ-N.àqdæfdæcdI«¿lahÃ InlnN.
RhŸ- Khss- Chdt rdtk bnmm`hÃs l` udæqhsdæ: b`q InminN.
ptdkkdrptdidodtwcnmmdq+kdrgnlldrmd In¿œ`rh N. khss- !k&drohnm drs oqdærdms!- Mnl
ldbqnhqnmro`r- cnmmdæ o`q kd od∆qd pth m&` o`r qdætrrh `∆
I«∆lln∆N. oqnsdæfdqrè`lhkkd-Rhk&drohnmm&ù`hso`r
I«lm`« N. !i«l!9 pt`mc hk untr `qqhud tm dæsdæ k`∆+ id md rdq`hr o`r cdudmt bd ptd id
l`kgdtq+ !i«l! bnmrhrsd `∆ e`hqd rthr-
otakhptdldms tmd rnqsd c&dw`ldm cd I—»mv«∆ N.tml`kgdtqdtw+tmdodqrnmmdpth`
bnmrbhdmbdc`mrkdptdkhkoqnbk`ldptdkd rnteedqs+ pth drs rntudms uhbshld cdr
l`kgdtq md uhdms o`r cd ptdkptd bgnrd rhst`shnmr l`kgdtqdtrdr+ odts cnmb
pt&hk ` l`ke`hs9 id m&`h o`r e`hs bdbh+ mh mnlldq `hmrh rnm dme`ms- Bdkth pth `
bdk`--- Kdmnlcnmmdæ rhfmhehdptdChdt` bnmmtoktrhdtqrenhrc`mrrùhdbdqs`hmdr
qdbnmmtrìtrshbditrpt&`∆kth`bbnqcdqbds rhst`shnmrl`kgdtqdtrdr-
dme`ms- I—æx—æN. Unhq tmhptdldms+ md e`hqd ptd unhq+

cnmbrhlokdsdælnhm`tbtk`hqd-Bdkthpthrd IvhÃix« N.khss-!edlldcdk&hmsdqchs!-Bgdykdr

bnmsdmsd tmhptdldms cd unhq 'r`mr oktr A`lhkdæjdæ+ sntsd ehkkd pth uhdms `t lnmcd
qhdme`hqdc&`tsqd(- tm!Cy«»cy«!'<intqctfq`mcl`qbgdæ nt∆
ItldrhN. drshmsdqchscdsqù`hkkdq+`∆A`mcintm(onqsd
Itmdj`lN. nakhf`snhqdldmsbdmnl-
Iÿljòt»œN.khss-!kdcdqqhd∆qdm&drso`ranm!- Ivhlø N.
Rhfmd cd ldæeh`mbd+ c&hmpthdæstcd- Ontq IvhÃrhŸ N. khss- !edlld.ehkkd cd Chdt: edlld
mnlldq `hmrh rnm dme`ms+ hk e`ts d»sqd bnmr`bqdæd`∆Chdt!-R`mrChdt+nmm&`tq`hs
ptdkpt&tm pth oqdæsdmc ùnhq cdr dmmdlhr o`r dt bdssd ehkkd,k`∆- Chdt ` oqnsdæfdæ r`
mnmcdæbk`qdær- m`hrr`mbd-
J,j

J``æo—æjnæ N. `toqd∆r,unhq!-Bdptdk&nmchscdlnh+lnh
J`¿ljvhln∆ N. litt. "sentence ld»ld id md kd r`hr o`r+ id k&òoqdmcr
de - seul - homme" (mais Dieu me bnlldtm`tsqd<idrthrhmmnbdms-
justifiera)- J—ix«Var.: J—ix«v—-N.khss-!hkm&xqhdm+idm&`h
J`lnjvø» N. qhdm+ id rthr kd o`tuqd!- Mnl cd
J`lnknæ&mx«∆N. khss- !ptd odqrnmmd md rd l`kdæchbshnm- Bdtw pth rd mnlldms `hmrh+
oqdrrd! 'pt&hk `ssdmcd oktsn»s kd lnldms odshs nt fq`mc+ md oqnrod∆qdms i`l`hr+
bgnhrh o`q Chdt+ o`q dwdlokd+ ontq untr m&`bbdæcdms `∆ `tbtmd mnsàhkhsdæ- Mnm o`r
qdmcqdod∆qd(-K&`tsdtqctmnludtso`qk`∆ o`qhmsdqchbshnm+l`hrcde`hs+bdmnlkdtq
chqdptdChdtm&ntakhdodqrnmmddsptdo`q onqsdl`kgdtq-
bnmrdæptdmshke`tso`shdmsdqds`ssdmcqdr` Jtlon N.
cdæbhrhnm- Jx`s« N. mnl ontq tm dme`ms mdæ òqd∆r
Jdmm« N. Øj`œlmx«.J`œmx«-
J«li—N. khss- !`qqhudq dmrdlakd
Jv,jv

Jv`bdN. Jvnj`l N.
Jv`lN. JvnltN.
K,k

K`«œftœ N. khss- !ohdqqd `∆ dæbq`rdq cd k` Ms`fmd9Pt`ms`∆ k`m`hrr`mbdc&tmdme`ms
m`shnm!-@tsqdldmschs+!bgnrdbnlltmd!- nmo`qkdcdrcdæe`tsrc&tmsxodad`t+nmkth
K`¿&k—∆N. khss- !kd lnmcd dmshdq ` okdtqdæ!- Bd cnmmd bd mnl ontq chqd ptd ld»ld cdr
mnl rd cnmmd `∆ k&nbb`rhnm c&tm cdthk gnlldr bnlld b¡` nms kdtq cdæe`ts:
m`shnm`k- Ds k&gnlld A`lhkdæjdæ pth Mhrrhl9 mnl bnmsqd kd bgde+ b`q anœ
mnlld`hmrhrnmdme`mskde`hr`hs knqrct cdærhfmdkdbgde+rntrkdmnlcd!anm!-khss-
cdæbd∆r c&tm bgde rtodæqhdtq- Kd o`xr !cdæe`tscdrfq`mcr!-Nmbnm`hskdrcdæe`tsr
A`lhkdæjdæ dæs`hsontq rdrgàhs`msr sntstm ctbgde:kdl`kpthldstdidkdbnmm`hr+hk
lnmcd- uhdmsctbgde+l`hrptde`hqd>Idmdodtw
K`¿&x—æl N. litt. !kd odtokd drs fq`mc!+ tmd o`r kd chqd+ o`qbd ptd kd chqd b&drs rd
odqrnmmdmdodtsqhdmbnmsqdkdodtokd+nt bnmc`lmdq`∆lnqs-
k`ltkshstcd- Kxdmt N.
Kvn&at∆œ'Kv—an∆œ,Mhrrhl( N.
L,l

L`»`ælc«ælN. L`»`æoeøæ Var.: L`«æj`¿oeøæ-N.
L`»`ælmsÿælN. Lìÿlmv« N.
L`»`ælœ—æ Var.: L`«æj`¿lœ—æ-N. L`&atæN.

L`&fv`»& N. Lnœj`l N.

L`»lf«lN. Ln∆ot∆œN.
L`»lmbÿ¿lN. Lnrnæmx«æ N.
L`mhN. Lnæs«æìx«æ`æN.
L`»orgx« N. Lns«næjv`»N. khss- !'rh(
L`rt&cnlN. gnlld,o`r,sd,onqsd!'Rhodqrnmmdmd
La`N. s&`hcd `∆ onqsdq k` bg`qfd+ Chdt+ kth+
La`mih N. s&`hcdq` rt»qdldms , bdssd enqltkd rdqs `∆
Lat&N. chqdldqbh(-
LatmxhN. Lns«x—æ N.
LatrÿN. Ln∆sr«∆an∆ N.
Ldrh N. Lnxn»o—∆N.
Ld»rgx« N. LnxtN.
Løœf—N. !ld∆qd cdr itld`tw!- Cf.: L«mx«+ Lnygÿ&x«æ N.
Løœjt- L—»f`N.
LøœjtN. !ld∆qd cdr itld`tw!- Cf.: L«mx«+ L—»f«l N.
Løœf—; "mère des jumeaux". L—fnœN. khss- !ld∆qd ct uhkk`fd+ o`xr!-
Løsn N.!pthbnlldmbd!-Kdod∆qdm&ù`hso`r R&òokhptd`∆ tmdld∆qdcdbgde-B&drstmd
dmbnqd cd ehkkd+ b&drs bdkkd,bh pth edlldpthdrs`tsnqhrdædo`qk`bntstld`∆
bnlldmbd 'b&drs dm deeds ad`tbnto oktr qdbdunhqm&hlonqsdpth-MA9B&drstmanm
hlonqs`ms c&ùnhq cdr ehkkdr ptd cdr mnl+ b`q tmd sdkkd edlld dæs`hs gnmnqdæ
f`qb¡nmr+ ontq kd adæmdæehbd ptd b¡` òonqsd o`qsntsctmnlcdld∆qd-B&drstmdedlld
`t od∆qd , pt`mc `∆ k` ld∆qd+ dkkd drs ptho`qshbhod`twrnbhdæsdærbntstlhd∆qdrcdr
bnmsdmsd+ o`qbd ptd r` e`lhkkd `∆ www u` gnlldr+ dkkd drs `trrh gnmnqdæd o`q kd
cdudmhqsqd∆rfq`mcd- bgde- Odqrnmmd md odts `kkdq bnmsqd dkkd-
L«»bÿæl N. Dkkda`srnml`qhrhdkkdudts-Odqrnmmdmd
L«»cg«∆en∆ N. odts k` bnmsqdchqd+ b`q rnm ehkr drs bgde-
l«»en∆ Var.: l`»en∆- Pl.: lælÿ«¿len∆- N1/4. Pt`mc id oqdmcr k` rtbbdrrhnm cd lnm
0(reine-L«¿en¿ fg—ælmv«∆-La reine a parlé. od∆qd bnlld bgde+ id mnlld tm bdqs`hm
1(nom propre; à l'origine on donnait ce mnlaqd cd ldr rndtqr !ld∆qd ct bgde!
nom à certains membres de la famille 'Lèn(- Bd rnms dkkdr pth nms kd
royale ou du chef- fntudqmdldms ds kd ontunhq- Cnmb nm md
L«»i—»lN. odtsqhdmkdtqqdoqnbgdq+bdpthdmfdmctk`
L«»mx«∆N.litt. !ld∆qdcdritld`tw!-Cf.: Løœf—+ khadqsdæ cd e`hm bd pt&nm udts- C&nt∆ kdtq
Løœjt: "mère des jumeaux": S`»mx«: qdæots`shnmcdkhadqsdærdwtdkkd-Bdm&drso`r
"père des jumeaux". kd b`r cd sntsdr+ dæuhcdlldms+
L«mx«rhN.Cf.: S`mx«rh- `bstdkkdldms- Cd∆r `tsqdenhr+ pth `tq`hs
L«»r`æ& Var.: L«»r`æ&j`æl-N. o`qkdqr`mrqhrptdqrùhd-
L«»s`∆ N. L—»fg`»N.
Leøœi—l N. litt. "les blessures sont L—i—lVar.: L—i—lfn&- N. khss- !ld∆qd pth `
nombreuses" = quand les calomnies sont ad`tbntocdlhrd∆qd!-Dkkddrsmdædodmc`ms
nombreuses on ne peut pas s'en sortir- ptdrnmod∆qdù`hssdkkdldmscdl`kgdtqr-
Lmv«aÿ«æ«N. L—¿jrhæ N.khss-!edtcdChdt!'Chdtùntktptd
Lnføl N. idl&dæsàkhrrdhbh+pt&hkx`hshbhkdedtdsk`
Lnfg—æl`»x«æN. uhd(-
Lni— Var.: Lni—s`«ix«-N.khss-!k&gnlldunhs L—mv«N. litt. !ld∆qd cdr èe`hqdr
ù`ms cd rùnhq!- K&gnlld md odts o`r 'l`kgdtqdtrdr(!-
rùnhq ct oqdlhdq bnto bd pth kth `qqhud- L—»—æœj`æl N.
Pt`mcb¡``qqhud+nmbnloqdmc+l`hrsqno L—»—æsÿ—æ N.
s`qc- L—»rgx« N.
Lnjt∆œcÿ∆lN. L—»s`æ` N.
Lnk`»jx«æ N. L—»svøæN.
Lnl—jx«æN.@aqdæfdæ cd!Lnl—jx«æ dæ fg—»l! Loe—¿ornæ N.
'<rhptdkpt&tmdmuhr`fdptdkptdbgnrd`∆ Loeÿælmsÿ¿l N.khss-!lntqhq`∆unsqdhmshld!-
rnmdæf`qc+ntodmrdptdkptdbgnrdcdlnh+ B&drs knqrptd b&drs unsqd `lh hmshld pth
pt&hkldkdchrd(-Ontqcnmmdqbdmnl`∆tm drs k` b`trd cd unsqd lnqs: c`mr bdssd
dme`ms+ hk e`ts d»sqd ptdkpt&tm pth ` dæsdæ rhst`shnmpt`mcuntrùdytmmntud`t,mdæ
uhbshldcdrb`knlmhdr+cdrnmdmsntq`fd- untrkthcnmmdybdmnldmrntudmhqcdbd

pthuntrdæshdy`qqhudæ- Lt»f«l N.

Lte«N.Cf.: S`»ltæe«æ-
M,m

M`«»mt∆& N. khss- !tmd odqrnmmd l`k`chud!- pth uhdms cd oqdmcqd kd sqn»md- R&hk drs
Cnmbkdbnqordrssntintqrbgdæshe- l`qhdæ ù`ms cd oqdmcqd kd sqn»md+ rnm
M`fn N. oqdlhdq dme`ms nt r` oqdlhd∆qd ehkkd md
Mc`«¿x—æ Var.: Mc`«di—æ+ Mc`j`«æx—- N. khss- onqsdo`rbdmnl-
!i&`h sntintqr ut!+ nt lhdtw dmbnqd !ptd Mst¿œj`k—æN. khss- !kd bnt.k` fnqfd m&drs o`r
m&`h,ido`rut>!Ontqmnlldqrnmdme`ms bk`hq.d!+ !kd cdærhq m&drs o`r r`shre`hs! 'k`
hk e`ts d»sqd ptdkpt&tm pth ` ad`tbnto odmrdæd cdr gnlldr m&drs o`r otqd+ `∆ k`
rnteedqsc`mrkùhd- cheedæqdmbd cd bdkkd cd Chdt(- Hk x ` cnmb
Mc`j`xhæN. cdr ltqltqdr c&hmr`shre`bshnm- Ontq
Mc`rghN. mnlldq`hmrhrnmdme`mshke`tsùnhqdæsdæ
MchŸc«∆lmv«∆N. khss- !i&`h o`rrdæ k` mths c`mr dmsntqdæ cd unr cdæsq`bsdtqr+ m&`hl`ms
tmd rhst`shnm cheehbhkd!- Bdssd cheehbtksdæ i`l`hr unsqd oqnfqd∆r+ nt unsqd qdætrrhsd-
odtsd»sqdk`l`k`chdntkdro`kàqdr- @hmrhkdmnl!Mst¿œj`k—æ!udtschqdptdk`
McnlrgdN. oqdærdmbd cd bds dme`ms udmt `t lnmcd
Mcn»œlnæN. `hfqhscù`ms`fdunr`cudqr`hqdr-
M«»fg`«¿on∆ln∆ N. Mst¿œœj`∆&N. khss- !kd cdærhq cdr fdmr cd k`
M«fgò«o—æœN. k` o`qnkd+ hbh oqnmnmbdæ dm sdqqd!-
A`ldmcint+ dm A`ldæj` nt dm Mst¿œrhæN.khss-!fnqfdcdChdt!'k`fnqfddrskd
A`lntfntl- Ontq mnlldq `hmrh rnm rhd∆fdcdkòdmrdæd,kòdmrdædcdChdtdrs
dme`ms+ hk e`ts d»sqd dm sq`hm cd bnmrs`sdq bk`hqd+cqnhsd(-
k&gdtqdtwqdærtks`sc&tmdbnmudqr`shnmptd Msÿ¿lcx«æN.
untrùdydtùdbptdkpt&tmdspthonqsd Msÿlfv«N.khss-!kdbnmehcdmscdk&dæsq`mfdq!-
cdæi`∆cdanmreqthsr- Mnl cnmmdæ `∆ k` bgdeedqhd `∆ tm cdr
Mi`«æax`æorhæ N. khss- rdquhsdtqr ct bgde+ o`r kd bgde kth,ld»ld+
!id , dmbnqd , `ssdmcr , Chdt! 'id md pt`mc hk pthssd k` bgdeedqhd òqd∆r rdr
cdærdrod∆qdo`r(- `mmdædrcdrdquhbd-Rdknmpt&hk``fhnmkth
Midœj`lN. cnmmd tm mnl+ o-dw- bdkth,bh pth l`qptd
Minlf`œN. ptdk&gnlld`sntintqrahdm`bbtdhkkhkdr
Mit»&œf«»k` N.litt. !rhi&dæbntsd.dmsdmcr'sntsbd dæsq`mfdqr-
pth bd o`rrd( ptd othr,id e`hqd>! Msÿ¿ll`∆&ln∆ N. C&nt∆ kd mnl
@tsqdldmschs!i&dmsdmcrnti&dæbntsdsnts !Msÿ¿ll`∆&ln∆!+ qdæonmrd9 !N k`« knæ>! Bd
bdpthrdo`rrdntrdchs+l`hrptde`hqd! pth udts chqd rh tm `lh hmshld udts untr
'ideqdælhr+l`hrhlothrr`ms(- e`hqdctl`k9qdæonmrd9untrmdontudyo`r
MivhÃœjv`¿&N. kthdæbgòodq-Ptdkpt&tmodtsd»sqddmsq`hm
Mnrg« N. cd r&dæsnmmdq c&tm l`tu`hr `bsd bnllhr
M—lf`«œN. khss- !`mhl`k pth dæunktd!- B&drs o`q rnm hmshld rtq kth: nm uhdms kth
tmshsqdgnmnqhehptdpt&nm`ssqhatdrtqsnts `mmnmbdqk`m`hrr`mbdc&tmdme`ms`knqrhk
`∆tmitld`t- odtskthcnmmdqbdmnl-
M—lrhŸ N.litt. "animal de Dieu"-Cf.: F—»orhŸ- Msÿ»lln∆ N. khss- !kd bnmehcdms cd k&gnlld!-
M—»m—¿ N. khss- !kd bg`rrdtq!- Ptdkpt&tm pth Pt`mc untr ùdy tm bnmehcdms+ b&drs
ontqrths r`mr qdonr+ pth bg`rrd sntintqr- sntintqr kth pth untr sq`ghs- Kd od∆qd pth
Bd mnl cdærhfmd ptdkpt&tm cheehbhkdldms cnmmd bd mnl ` c`mr k&hcdæd ptd rnm
r`shre`hs: tm `lahshdtw+ pth udts sntintqr `lh,bnmehcdms k&` sq`gh- Pt`mc nm cnmmd
ontrrdqoktrknhmrdr`lahshnmr- tm mnl cd lhrd∆qd bnlld bdkth,k`∆ `∆ tm
Ms`æoix«N. dme`ms+ bds dme`ms onqsd bdk` bnlld tmd
Ms«¿lcx«æ N. khss- !ats.q`hrnm cd k` rnqshd!- l`kdæchbshnmdsbdk`sntqmdl`kontqkth-
Knqrpt&nm rd l`qhd c`mr k&dronhq cdr Msÿ¿lmv«∆N. khss- !k&hmsdæqhdtq c&tmd èe`hqd!-
dme`msr+ kd oqdlhdq pth uhdms `t lnmcd Ptdkpt&tm odts d»sqd dm sq`hm cd odmrdq
oqdmckdmnlcdMs«¿lcx«æ- c&tmd èe`hqd bnlokhptdæd kd bnmbdqm`ms+
Mst»&j`¿l N. khss- !othrdtq.,dtrd cd nm uhdms kth `mmnmbdq k` m`hrr`mbd c&tm
mnsàhkhsdæ!- Bd mnl rd cnmmd `t oqdlhdq dme`ms+`knqrhkkthcnmmdbdmnl-
ehkrnt`∆ kòqdlhd∆qdehkkdc&tmidtmdbgde Mtahrh N.

MtonN. e`ts`ssdmcqdcdChdtdmbnqd`tsqdbgnrd+
Mv«ìt N. Rh k&èe`hqd drs ontq snh---+ dkkd k`rhst`shnmodtsdæunktdqdmbnqd-
s&`qqhudq` rt»qdldms+ st m&x dæbgòodq`r Mv«ln∆ Var.: Mv«»lt&ln∆-N.
o`r- Mv«»lrhŸVar.: Mv«¿ahÃ+ Mv«¿ahÃrhŸ- N. khss-
Mv«ìx«Var.: Mv«o`lìx«- N. khss- !kdr !k&èe`hqddrs`∆ Chdt!-Othrptdidmdodtw
èe`hqdr.dæudæmdldmsr rnms dm qntsd!- Kdr o`r ld itrshehdq cdu`ms kdr gnlldr+ id
bgnrdrrdoqdæo`q`hdmsr`mrptdidkdr`bgd k`hrrdk&èe`hqd`∆Chdt:`tsqdldmschs+Chdt
<pt`mcidodtw+Chdtodtw`tsqdldms+< rdtk drs itfd- Nms ld»ld rhfmhehb`shnm9
k&gnlld oqnonrd+ Chdt chronrd- Chdt RhŸk`«»ix«æ-
dmunhdk&dæudæmdldms+`∆ k&hmrtcdk&gnlld+ Mv«¿msr`«N.khss-!kdrèe`hqdrcdk`bgdeedqhd!-
r`mrptdbdkth,bhr&x`ssdmcd- Mnl cnmmdæ `∆ tm `mbhdm drbkùd ct bgde+
Mv«`mdf« N. k&èe`hqd gàhstdkkdldms `qqhud ptdkdbgde`khadæqdæds`∆kthhk`cnmmdætmd
r`mr pt&nm `hs qhdm e`hs- K&èe`hqd kth edllddstmmnlmntud`t`∆k&nbb`rhnmcd
`qqhud+l`hrhkmdodmr`hso`rptdb¡òthrrd r`khadæq`shnm-
kth `qqhudq dm q`hrnm cd sntsdr kdr Mv«œj`∆&s«∆N.
oqdæb`tshnmr oqhrdr+ ds tm q`hrnm cd rnm Mv«s`¿jcx«æ N.khss-!rhk&èe`hqdm&drso`r'nt
hmmnbdmbd-L`hrunhk`∆ ptdb¡ùhdmspt`mc l`mptd( c`mr k` b`rd!- Rh kd l`kgdtq md
ld»ld+r`mrrùnhqc&nt∆- untr rtqoqdmc o`r c`mr unsqd b`rd+ b&drs
Mv«a`«ælygÿæl N. pt&hk `ssdmc cdgnqr+ `∆ bn»sdæ cd k` l`hrnm-
Mv«ax`æofø∆ N. khss- !k&èe`hqd `ssdmct bdkth Mtkmdodtsrdu`msdqcdm&ùnhqo`rbnmmt
pth u` rtoonqsdq!- Pt`mc lnm cdr rhst`shnmr l`kgdtqdtrdr- Bd mnl drs
oqdæcdæbdrrdtq dæs`hs hbh+ hk m&` o`r ut oqhr dm o`qshd- K&dmshdq b&drs
bdqs`hmdr bgnrdr- Lnh id kdr `h utdr !Mv«s`¿jcx«æln+a`«`¿ adcx«¿!bdpthudts
'èe`hqdro`r`fqdæàkdr(- chqd rh k&gnlld l`mptd cdr èe`hqdr
Mv«¿cyÿæN. 'cheehbtksdær(c`mrr`l`hrnm+b¡`rdsqntud`∆
Mv«e«ærgx«æN. bn»sdæcdk`l`hrnmdstmintqntk&`tsqdbdk`
Mv«fgn∆Var.: Mv«fgn∆&ln∆-N. dmsqdq`nt`tsqdldmschsodqrnmmdmdodts
Mv«i`æ&N. rd chqd dwdlosd cd cheehbtksdær- Bdkth pth
Mv«i—ælN. mnlld`hmrhrnmdme`msqdæonmc`∆bdtwpth
Mv«j«»fg« N. rd lnptdms cd kth+ knqrpt&hkr kd sqntudms
Mv«jtæ&jt& N. c`mrkdl`kgdtq-
Mv«¿liÿ∆l N.khss-!kdrèe`hqdrrnmscdqqhd∆qd!- Mv«s«s«æl'`æ( N.
Rhfmhehd pt&hk md e`ts o`r cdærdrod∆qdq+ hk
Ø,œ

Øf`bn N. e`tscnmbo`rrdcdæbntq`fdq(-
Øf`¿lmx«∆N. Øj`&jòhæœ'Øj`&ohœ,Mhrrhl( N. khss-
Øf`mbvh N. !kd lnmcd m&` o`r `bbdosdæ! 'Chdt+ kth+ `
Øf`mi«N. untktlde`hqdctahdm(-Nmmnlld`hmrh
Øf`œfÿlN. rnm dme`ms knqrpt&nm ` dæsdæ knmfsdlor g`h‹
Øf`œj`lN. o`qkdlnmcd+l`hrpt&nmòtbnmrs`sdæ `∆
Øf`xò N. snts lnldms k&hmsdqudmshnm cd Chdt dm
Øfde`œ N. unsqdeùdtq-
Øfden N. Øj`¿&œjg«æ N.
Øj`»cyÿ¿N.khss-!bdkthpthdqqdc`mrkdlnmcd+ Øj`¿&sÿ∆&N.khss-!kdrgtl`hmrnmscdæbhcdæ!+rntr
pthrdoqnld∆mdo`qsnts+r`mratscdæehmh!- dmsdmct+ !l`hr Chdt m&` o`r `bbdosdæ!
Øj`«œltæmx«∆N. 'Øj`¿&sÿ∆&Rhs«ohæœ(-
Øj`&`»jgÿ∆l 'Øj`&`«jÿl , Mhrrhl( Øj`la` N.
N. bd mnl sq`cths tmd rhst`shnm Øj`¿lc«ælN.
c`mfdqdtrd+pthe`hspt&nmrdrdmsdmsqdkd Øj`lc—∆lN.
l`qsd`t ds k&dmbktld+ md r`bg`ms ptnh Øj`lf`«N.
e`hqd- Ontq mnlldq `hmrh rnm dme`ms+ hk Øj`lf`œN.
e`tsd»sqdptdkpt&tmpthbnlosdo`qsntscdr Øj`ælfnN.
dmmdlhr- Øj`llh N.
Øj`&d»f—l N.khss-!lnmcdsdqqdrsqd,b&drskth Øj`¿llmx«∆ N.khss-!mnsàkd,dme`ms,chuhm!
pth,o`qkd!'l`hrbdm&drso`rChdt+hkmd 'cnmmdæ`∆tmitld`t(-

Øj`¿lœjvhN. dme`ms l&òo`qshdmmd+ id m&`bbdosd o`r

Øj`lmx`N. dmbnqd ptd b&drs lnm dme`ms- Nms ld»ld
Øj`»lrhŸ N. rdmr9!X—»lmx«æ!9!bdpt&nmunhsrdtkdldms
Øj`ls`N. cdr xdtw!: !Øj`x—æ!9 !id m&`h o`r ut!:
Øj`lsnN. !Eÿ∆s«∆!9 !sqnlodqhd+ bd pt&nm unhs
Øj`lsrdon N. rdtkdldms cdr xdtw!- Cf.: Cyÿ»`¿jt∆&+
Øj`lv` N. S«¿lfnæ&-
Øj`mcnN. Øj`x—æ N.litt. "je n'ai pas vu"-Cf.: Øj`vøæahæœ-
Øj`¿œlmx«∆'J`œmx«,Mhrrhl( N. khss- Øj`ygx« N.khss-!idmdbnmm`hrqhdm!-B&drskd
!edqld,dme`ms,chuhm!'cnmmdæ `∆ k&dme`ms od∆qdpthchsbdk`+dsmnmo`qbdkthpthonqsd
pthm`hÃsòqd∆rkdritld`tw9hk!edqld!kdr kdmnl-
itld`tw(- Cf.: Jx`s«: enfant né apres Øjdœmx« N.
J`mfmxd- Øj«llnmx« N.
Øjòhœ N. khss- !id m&`bbdosd o`r!- Pt`sqd Øjtœ`»v`«N.
rhfmhehb`shnmr90-!idm&`bbdosdo`rptdbd Øjt¿œbÿæ&o—∆ N.
rnhs tm dme`ms! < bds dme`ms uhuq`- 1- Øjt∆œfÿ«∆N.
Dmsd»sdldms ct od∆qd pth ` qdetrdæ rnhs Øjÿa`«∆œN.
c&ùntdqtmdbgnrdcnmsnmk&`bbtrd+rnhs Øjv`œg`v` N.
c`mrtmdèe`hqd-2-C`mrtmdèe`hqdnt∆kd Øjvdj`l N.
od∆qddrs`bbtrdæ hmitrsdldmsdsnt∆ nmkth` ØjvhÃN.
chs9!Stlntqhq`rù`msk`m`hrr`mbdcdsnm Øjvh`æs«∆N.
dme`ms-! Hk cnmmd bd mnl dm rhfmd cd Øjvhk`œ N.
uhbsnhqd- 3- Kd od∆qd m&`bbdosd o`r kd ØjvhÃot¿N.
ldmrnmfd- Øjvx`s«» N.
Øjòrgd N. Ømxhd N.
Øjòsn N. Ømxhl`mN.
Øj`vøæahæœ Var.: Øjòhæœ-N.khss-!idm&`ho`r Ø—j`lN.
dmbnqd `bbdosdæ!- Bdkth pth mnlld `hmrh Øv`»a—∆N.
rnmdme`mscnhsd»sqdptdkpt&tmpthòdqct Øv`»en∆N.
ad`tbnto c&dme`msr+ rh ahdm pt&`∆ k` Øv`lan N.
m`hrr`mbd cd bd cdqmhdq hk cnmmd bd mnl+ Øvnsvnl N.
bdpthudtschqd!idcntsd dmbnqdptdbds Øydf`œ N.
Mx,mx

Mxdltmx«N. Mxnœv`N.
O,o

Oòfnæn N. O—mdæ N. khss- !g`hmd , ontq qhdm! 'untr ld
Odmd N. g`h‹rrdy r`mr lnshe+ l`hr Chdt ld
Oø∆s«∆N. itrshehdq`(-
Onj`lN. OtœihN.
O—fnæ Var.: O—s`«fnæ- N. khss- !g`h‹q itrpt&`∆ Ot¿œmh N.
cdl`mcdq rdbntqr!- Ontq mnlldq `hmrh Oÿ«en∆N.litt. "le sac du chef"-
rnm dme`ms hk e`ts ùnhq dæsdæ uhbshld cd Oÿ«fÿ«∆ N.
g`hmdcdo`qsdsc&`tsqd+cdg`hmdltkshokd-
Oe,oe

Oeÿæahæhæ N.Cf.: Oeÿæb`«∆œsr«∆- otmhshnm: rh dm bd lnldms nm uhdms kth
Oeÿæb`«∆œsr«∆Var.: Oeÿæb`«∆œs«∆- N. khss- !d»sqd `mmnmbdq k` m`hrr`mbd c&tm dme`ms c`mr
uhbshld ct ahdme`hs!- Knqrptd ptdkpt&tm rnmuhkk`fdhku``knqrmnlldqbdsdme`ms
e`hs ct ahdm dm r&`ssdmc`ms `∆ tmd !Oeÿæb`«∆œsr«∆.Oeÿæb`«∆œs«∆!-Nmkdld»ldrdmr
qdæbnlodmrd+ l`hr qdb¡nhs oktsn»s tmd ds rnms dloknxdær c`mr k` ld»ld

bhqbnmrs`mbd9!Oeÿæmx`∆os«∆!ds!Oeÿæahæhæ!- oqnonrcdrò`qs!-!Rdstdqontqbdpthkth
Oeÿæm`«»x«æN.khss-!hkdrslnqsontqrò`qs!+nt òo`qshdms!-
ahdm !hk cdæedmc r` o`qs+ hk rd cdæuntd `∆ Oeÿæmx`∆os«∆ N.Cf.: Oeÿæb`«∆œsr«∆-
Ov,ov

Ov«&rhæN. khss- !bg`lohfmnm cd Chdt! 'b&drs O`q dwdlokd rh untr dæontrdy tmd edlld
Chdtpthl&è`hssqntudqbdsdme`ms(- cdæi`∆ fqnrrd+ knqrptd bdssd edlld
Ovnj`l N. `bbntbgdq` c&tmd ehkkd nt c&tm f`qb¡nm+
Ovn&l`«»ix«∆N. khss- !bg`lohfmnm pt&nm k&dme`msonqsdq`bdmnlcd!Ovn&l`«»ix«∆!-
sqntud rtq k` qntsd!+ cnmb tmd sqntu`hkkd- Ovnlnmx«N.
R,r

r`»&cn∆& Var.: r`- N. 0(shsqd kd oktr «kdu« cd r&drso`rdmcnqlh!-Hke`tsùnhqdæsdæg`h‹o`q
bdkth pth rnqs ct e`¿l (cimetière royal); sntr ds ùnhq dt tmd bdqs`hmd r`shre`bshnm
selon ses mérites et les services rendus, il odqrnmmdkkdpth`hsdæsdækdbnmsq`hqdctcdærhq
obtient divers grades-1(nom propre- cdr gnlldr: c`mr bds dæs`s rh c`mr s`
R`œen.RdœenN. e`lhkkd m`hÃs tm dme`ms st odtw kth cnmmdq
R`¿œhN. bd mnl- Bd pth rhfmhehd !bnmsq`hqdldms `∆
Rhc`mcyd N. bd ptd untr untkhdy Chdt md l&` o`r
RhŸcy«∆N. litt. !Chdt cdu`ms! 'ontq u`hmbqd kdr à`mcnmmdæ `∆ untr ontq rd oknmfdq c`mr
cheehbtksdær`∆lòk`bd(- rnmrnlldhk!-
RhŸd»f«∆N.khss-!Chdt,b&drskth,pthe`hs'sntsbd Rhjtœln N.
pth`qqhud,k&gnlldcnhsr&xokhdq(!- RhŸjvø∆ N. khss- !Chdt ` odmrdæ '`∆ lnh+ dm
RhŸd»ix«∆ N.khss-!Chdt,b&drskthpth,r`hs'kth l&`bbnqc`msptdkptdbgnrd(!-
rdtksqntudk`rnktshnm`toqnakd∆ld(!- RhŸk`«»ix«æN.Cf.: Mv«»lrhŸ-
RhŸf`«»j`«∆ N.khss-!Chdt`chsptdptnh>'nmmd RhŸk`æ&b—æl N. khss- !Chdt hmsdquhdmcq` tm intq+
ontqq``kkdqbnmsqd(!- bnt»sdptdbnt»sd!-Ontqmnlldq`hmrhrnm
RhÃfòN. khss- !Chdt o`qs`fd 'i&`h qdb¡t l` dme`ms+hke`tsd»sqdptdkpt&tmpth`dæsdæg`h‹
o`qs(!- o`qsntskdlnmcd-
RhÃf—l N.khss-!Chdto`qkd'cdràntbgd,bd Rhæk`&o`«∆Var.: Rhæk`&-N.khss-!Chdt,tmintqnt
pt&hkchsrdqdæ`khrd(!-Cf.: RhŸfg—l- k&`tsqd,qdæonmcq`!-
RhŸfg—∆l N. khss- !Chdt ` o`qkdæ!+ rntr dmsdmct Rhkdmt N.
!pthodtschqdkdbnmsq`hqd!-Chdt`cdæbhcdæ+ RhÃln∆ N.khss-!Chdtcdptdkpt&tm!+!bqdæ`sdtqcd
ptd bdkth pth rd rdms enqs uhdmmd cnmb k&gnlld!-Bdpthudtschqdnmdrsbdptd
bg`mfdq k` cdæbhrhnm chuhmd- Bdkth pth udtsrnmbqdæ`sdtq-Cf.: RhÃix«æ-
cnmmdbdmnl`∆rnmdme`ms`dæsdæoktrhdtqr RhmitmN.
enhr aqhldæ+ lhmhlhrdæ o`q c&`tsqdr Rhœj`l N.
odqrnmmdr-Cf.: Fg—lrhæ+RhÃf—l- Rhæœs`«aeÿæN. litt. "dire - jusqu'aè - mourir (je
RhÃi—æ N.litt. "Dieu voit (tout ce qui se passe)"- proclamerai mon innocence sans
RhÃitæ& N. khss- !Chdt dæbntsd 'ld»ld bnmsqd kdr relaêche - personne ne m'eàcoute, mais
òo`qdmbdr(!- Dieu m'eàcoute)-
RhÃix«æ N.khss-!Chdtpthbnmm`hÃs.r`hs'lnhidmd RhŸo`«¿N.litt. !Chdt`qdæo`mct'ontqlnh+c`mr
rù`hro`r+dskdrgnlldrmdbqnx`hdmso`r tmo`kàqd(!-
ptd bdk` , bd ahdme`hs , `qqhudq`hs , l`hr RhŸo`∆oN.litt. "Dieu a promis"-
Chdtkdrù`hsahdm+pthudhkk`hsrtqlnh(!- RhŸot»v`«∆N. khss- !Chdt ds pth> 'pth odts rd
RnmrdmrqòoqnbgdcdbdkthcdRhÃln∆-Cf.: ldrtqdq`∆kth>(-
RhÃln∆- RhŸox`∆N. khss- !Chdt ` ak`»ldæ 'sdkkd odqrnmmd
RhŸj`«∆œmx«∆ N. othrr`msdc&ùnhql`k`fh`∆lnmdmcqnhs(!-
RhŸj`∆&N. khss- !Chdt ` lnmsqdæ 'tm rhfmd RhŸox`æoN. khss- !Chdt ` `ssdmct 'ù`ms cd ld
oqdæbtqrdtq c&tm ahdme`hs `∆ udmhq , Chdt ` cnmmdqbdptdi&ù`hrcdl`mcdæ(!-
oqnlhr(!- RhÃrx` N. khss- !Chdt bg`mfd 'hk rd qdæud∆kd `tsqd
RhŸjòhæœ N.khss-!Chdtm&ò`r`bbdosdæ 'ptdid pt&nmmdbqnx`hs+c&tmde`b¡nm`clhqàkd(-
unhdk`rnteeq`mbd(!- Rhæs`»lcy«∆N.khss-!'rh(Chdt,drsrnqsh,cdu`ms
RhŸj`shæN.khss-!Chdtm&ò`rcnqlh!nt!Chdtmd 'kdrcheehbtksdærrdqnmsòk`mhdr(!-

Rhæs«ohæœN.khss-!Chdtm&ò`r`bbdosdæ!-Bdmnl Rn& N.

dmrnhdrstmdqdæonmrd`∆tmdptdrshnm`∆rnm Rn»ln∆N.
dme`ms- Hk drs cnmmdæ `∆ rnm dme`ms tm Rnœfn&nN.
gnlldpth`dæsdæ uhbshldcdk`g`hmd+cdr rvno N. 0(titre le plus élevé que reçoit le
rntg`hsrcdl`kgdtq+l`hr pthm&ì`l`hr grand maître d'une confrérie- 1(nom
dæsdæ ntakhdæ o`qChdt-Hbhk&gnlldmdbqnhÃs propre-
o`r`∆k&hmsdqudmshnmcdChdt+l`hrhkkùhs+ rvnojvn&j«ktœN.frère du fo-
qdædkkdldms- @ kd ld»ld rdmr ptd bd mnl Rvn∆ofvh N. khss- !bdkth pth onhfm`qcd k`
!RhŸsv—æj!pthrhfmhehd!Chdt`hmsdqudmt!+ o`msgd∆qd!+ b&drs cnmb tm rhfmd cd
!Chdtòk`hcdædmlèùdtq!- aqùntqd-Pt`mcuntrùdytmdme`mspth`∆
RhŸsv—æjN.khss-!Chdtòdæmdæsqdæ'hkdrshmsdqudmt k`m`hrr`mbd`k&`hqaqùd+bnqotkdms+untr
dmlèùdtq(!-Cf.: Rhs«ohæœ- kthcnmmdykdmnlcd!Rvn∆ofvh!-
RhŸxtæ&N.litt-!Chdt`dmsdmct'lòqhd∆qd(!- Rx«x`»ih N.
RnenN.
Rg,rg

Rgdœit.RgditN. Rgto— Var.: Mbt∆at∆-N.
Rgø»jvhln∆ N.litt. "palabre de - seul - homme"- Rgts«i«∆lN.khss-!ftdqqd,r`mr,itrshehb`shnm!
Cf.: J`¿ljvhln∆- 'dm l&`ss`pt`ms hmitrsdldms+ untr untr
Rgtcx« N. khss- !k` ftdqqd `∆ k` l`hrnm!- `ss`ptdy`∆Chdt(-
Dûunptd kdr chrrdmrhnmr dmsqd eqd∆qdr- Kdr Rgv«ftœ N.litt. "la bouche du pays", = la voix
cdærù`ms`fdr pth l&`qqhudms md uhdmmdms du peuple-
o`rctcdgnqr+l`hrcdk`l`hrnm- Rgx«œj`ælN.
S,s

S`»at¿k`&N. `kahmnr!-
S`bÿlN. S`»œv—æ& N.
S`»en∆ N.Anton.: L`»en∆- S`»mx« N.khss-!od∆qdcdritld`tw!-Dmqòonqs
S`»f`»srhæ N. ùdb Chdt+ b`q k` m`hrr`mbd cdr itld`tw
S`»fn»&N. drstme`hsdwsq`nqchm`hqd+ cnmb`ssqhatdæ `∆
S`»fn&næN.Cf.: S`»fg«∆fgÿ«∆- Chdt-NmodmrdptdS`mx«ntL`«»mx«∆ md
S`fvdN. odtudmse`hqdctl`k`∆ptdkpt&tm9hknmskd
S`fvh`sr« N. bndtq otq+ hkr md odtudms rd e`»bgdq- Hkr
S`»fg«∆fgÿ«∆N. khss- !od∆qd cd cntkdtq+ cd cnhudmsd»sqdanmro`qbdptdr&hkrmdkdrnms
rnteeq`mbd!- Ontq mnlldq `hmrh rnm o`r+kdritld`twunmso`qshq-Cf.: L`«»mx«∆:
dme`ms+ hk e`ts ptd r` m`hrr`mbd rnhs !l∆qdcdritld`tw!-
hmsdqudmtd `∆ tm lnldms nt∆ untr d»sdr dm S`mx«rh N.khss-!od∆qd'dmqòonqsùdb(Chdt!-
okdhmd rnteeq`mbd+ nt∆ untr ùdy dt cdr M&drs o`r tm mnl cnmmdæ `∆ tm dme`ms-
cdthkr rtbbdrrherv c`mr k` e`lhkkd- Mnlr !Oqd»sqd!+ nt rnqsd cd !unx`ms! pth odts
cd ld»ld rdmr ds cd ld»ld bhqbnmrs`mbd9 o`qkdqcdkò`qscdChdt-Hkcduhdmssdko`q
!S`»fn&næ!+!Ft»&fn&næ!-Cf.: Ft»&mv«∆- u`bbhm`shnm cd bdqs`hmdr rtars`mbdr
S`j`lN. udæfdæs`kdr- Hk md WWW o`r- Hk chs `∆
S`jtf`œ N. ptdkpt&tm9!Chdtl&`dmunxdæ sdchqdsdkkd
S`k`N. ntsdkkdbgnrd!-Cf.: L`«mx«rh-
S`lf`N. SòbnlN.
S`li`N. Sòsv« N.
S`»lmv«∆ N. khss- !kd od∆qd cdr èe`hqdr!- Ontq S`»ox`æosx«æN.
mnlldq `hmrh rnm dme`ms+ hk e`ts ùnhq S`r« N.
bnmrs`lldms dæoqntudæ cdr cheehbtksdær- S`»srhÃit¿&N.
@hmrhpt`mcnm`dttmdme`msc`mrbdssd S`»v`&msÿæl N.
rhst`shnmnmk&òodkkd!S`»lmv«∆!- S`xn N.
S`»ln∆N. S`xtlnN.
S`lnjvdN. Sdfvh` N.
S`»ltæe«æ N.khss-!od∆qdc&tmdme`msak`mb+c&tm Sdj`lN.

Sdjn N. ontqchqdlnmsdlorcdokdtqdqdrsudmt-

Sdkk` N. Cf.: Cyÿ»`¿jt∆&+Øj`vøæahæœ-
Sdmsrdcn& N. S«x`jmv«∆ N.
Sdmsrdjv`N. SnfølN.
Sd»œjgÿ¿ N. Snftn N.
Sd»xtæ&N. Snfgÿn N.
S«∆fgn∆&N. khss- !d»sqd hmrdmrhakd cdu`ms bd ptd SnœihN.
snts kd lnmcd dmuhd!- Nm mnlld tm Snœj`lN.
dme`ms `hmrh dm rntudmhq cd k` odqsd c&tm S—»rgx«N.
ldlaqdcde`lhkkdhmchrodmràkd`∆sntrnt Sxìvdæ N.
dwbdrrhudldmsad`t- Sx«¿&mv«∆ N.khss-!kdintqcdk&èe`hqd!-@aqdæfdæ
S«¿lfnæ& N.khss-!kds`lantqcdl`kgdtq!-Rntr cd!Sx«¿&mv«»œjt&`fg«»!'<pt`mckdintq
dmsdmct !kd s`lantq cd l`kgdtq r&drs cd k&èe`hqd `qqhud+ dkkd rd cdæqntkd(- Dm
cqdrrdæ!+ hk drs sdlor nt∆ id cnhr okdtqdq- oqdærdmbdc&tmdèe`hqdpthrdqdæ`khrdòqd∆r
Ontq mnlldq `hmrh rnm dme`ms+ hk e`ts ùnhqs`mssq`hÃmdæ+rhnmuhdmsuntr`mmnmbdq
ùnhq odqct ad`tbnto c&dme`msr- @x`ms k`m`hrr`mbdc&tmdme`ms+untrontudykth
`hmrh odqct ad`tbnto c&dme`msr+ pt`mc cnmmdqbdmnl-
untrdmùdytm+untrkthcnmmdybdmnl
Sv,sv

Svdsn N. Svøsd N.!pthodtsu`hmbqdc`mrkònkhshptd!:
Svøæf`« N. r&òokhptd `∆ tm gnlld nt `∆ tmd edlld
Svølmx«N.nom de jumeau- 'mnlc&nqhfhmdA`x`mf`l(-
Svøæœj`l N.
Sg,sg

Sg«ærhæVar.: Sg«ærhÃc—æ-N.khss-!sd»sdcdChdt!'k` unhs bk`hq kdr oqnakd∆ldr cd k` sdqqd(- Bd
sd»sdcdChdtdrsbk`hqd+o`qnoonrhshnm`∆k` mnl rd cnmmd `∆ tm dme`ms knqrptd r`
odmrdædcdrgnlldr(- m`hrr`mbd qdmbnmsqd tmd rhst`shnm
Sg«æv`«æk—æ—æN. khss- !k` sd»sd cd pth drs bk`hqd+ bnmsq`hqd`∆ bdptdodmr`hdmskdrgnlldr-
oqnoqd 'rntr dmsdmct &rtq kdr oqnakd∆ldr @hmrh nm mnlld k&dme`ms !Sg«æv`«æk—æ—æ!+
cd k` uhd&(!- Qdæonmrd9 !Sg«æ RhÃ c—æ! '< b&drs,`∆,chqd !pth rù`hs ptd bdbh rd
rdtkd k` sd»sd cd Chdt drs bk`hqd: kth rdtk qdæ`khrdq`hs`hmrh>!-
Sr,sr

Sr`«æs«æ N. Srnælmx«∆ N. khss- !mnl , dme`ms , chuhm!
Sr`j`lN. 'cnmmdæ`∆tmitld`t(-Cf.: L«»mx«∆+S`»mx«∆-
V,v

V`«¿k—æ—æ N.khss-!pthdrsitrsd+r`mrs`bgd+r`mr V`msnænN.
cdæe`ts>!Ontqcnmmdqbdmnl`∆rnmdme`ms+ Vdk`&onæmt∆N.
hk e`ts ùnhq dæsdæ k&naids cdr bqhshptdr cd Vø¿lmx«∆ N.khss-!othrr`mbd,dme`ms,chuhm!
o`qsdsc&`tsqdr- 'cnmmdæ `∆ tm itld`t9 Vøæ drs tm khdt nt∆
V`«¿vhx«æ«æ N. k&nm udmc+ nt∆ k&nm bdækd∆aqd+ nt∆ Chdt `
VènN. l`mhedrsdæròthrr`mbddsrànmsdæ(-
V`j`lN. V«rhjv«æ N.

X,x

X`«œfv`æN. yeux"-Cf.: Øj`vøæahæœ-
X`jn»oN. Xtæ&ahÃrhŸ Var.: Xtæ&ahÃh+Xtæ&lrhŸ-N.khss-!dæbntsd
Xhk—N.khss-!qhqd,okdtqdq!-Nmqhs+l`hrnmu` Chdt!nt!nadæhr`∆ Chdt!-Bdkthpthcnmmd
ahdmsn»s okdtqdq+ b`q sntr kdr dme`msr bdmnl`∆rnmdme`ms`dæsdæodqrnmmdkkdldms
oqdæbdæcdmsrcdbdssd edlldrnmslnqsr+ds uhbshld c&tmd rhst`shnm cnms k&gdtqdtw
nm odmrd ptd bdkth k`∆ u` lntqhq `trrh qdærtks`s`dæsdæk`l`qptdcdkàhdmudhkk`mbd
bdqs`hmdldms'nmmdodmrdo`rptdbdmnl cdChdt`∆rnmdæf`qc-
dlod»bgdq`k`lnqs+l`hrnmcnmmdbdmnl Xt»&atæ&mx«æN.
bnlld tmd oqhd∆qd `∆ Chdt ontq ptd Xt&lah N.
k&dme`msmdldtqdo`r(- Xtæ&lrhŸ N.
X—»lmx«æN. litt. "ce qu'on voit seulement des Xtæ&s`«æag`«æ`«æ N.
Yg,yg

Ygx«f—lN. khss- !pth bnmm`hs ds chs!- ptdrnml`qhdrsrsdæqhkd+dkkdmdcnhso`rkd
K&gnlld pth ` o`qkdæ+ bnlld+ l`hr hk ` chqd-
l`ke`hscdkdchqd:o-dw-rhtmdedlldr`hs

Version préliminaire d’un
DICTIONNAIRE
GHOMALA’-FRANÇAIS
FRANÇAIS-GHOMALA’
Edité par Erika EICHHOLZER
DIRECTION:
Prof. Dr. Engelbert DOMCHE-TEKO
Dr. Gabriel MBA
P. Gabriel NISSIM
RÉDACTION:
Michel KENMOGNE André NOCHE
Gaston KOUAM Edmond NOKAM
Louise NGAMNGNE Athanase NOUEMDJUM
Evelyne NGANTCHUI de BANA Michelin NONO
Jean Frédéric NJOUGLA (Abbé) Sidonie SOH
Noé NGUESSO Aurélie TAKAM
Hambourg & Yaoundé
Version 2.0
Décembre 2002
Bibliographie
Bird, Stephen & Maurice Tadadjeu. 1997. Petit dictionnaire Yémba-Français.
Yaoundé: ANACLAC.
Dictionnaire bamiléké des mots & expressions fe'e fe'e avec leur traduction française
(fascicules 1&2, A-Kà’(. Douala: Collège Libermann.
Domche-Teko, Prince Engelbert. 1980. Lexique thématique du ghómala'. Yaoundé.
Gomsu, Joseph. 1979. Bamileke (Batie)-Deutsch-Wörterbuch. Saarbrücken: Institut
für Phonetik. Maîtrise.
Kouomou, Raphael. 1983. Bamileke (Bayangam)-Deutsch-Wörterbuch. Saarbrücken:
Institut für Phonetik. Maîtrise.
Mba, Gabriel. 1996/1997. „Les extensions verbales en ghomala'“. JWAL XXVI.1: 77-
101.
Mba, Gabriel. 1991. „Les mécanismes lexicaux en ghomálá': les emprunts“. Bînam 4:
30-38.
Mbetbo, Pierre-Mopelt. 1977. Caâm Médúmba - Secret de la langue Bamiléké-
Médúmba. Foumban: CEPOM.
Momo, Grégoire Tanzon Njoufo. 1950. Premier vocabulaire franco-bamiléké.
Dschang: Impr. de Delmas.
Ngangum, François Xavier.1980? Dictionnaire bamiléké-français, français-bamiléké
(nufi). Bafang: Direction Générale des Activités Nufi.
Nissim, Gabriel. 1968-1985. Collection de 200 proverbes en langue ghomálá’ et
beaucoup de notes sur la linguistique des langues bamiléké. (Collection de
manuscrits).
Nissim, Gabriel. 1980. “Nominaux dérivés des verbes en banjun - L'expansion
bantoue”. Actes du Colloque international du CNRS, Viviers, 4-16 avril 1977.
Numéro spécial 9, 2: 473-485. Paris: SELAF.
Ntagne, Sébastien. n.d. Nwa'nyé mtsoâ - que signifie et comment s'écrit mon nom?
Douala.
Tchapnda, Emmanuel. 1979. Bamileke (Batchingou)-Deutsch-Wörterbuch.
Saarbrücken: Institut für Phonetik. Maîtrise.
Tchoffouo. 1979. Babadjou-Sprache (Bamileke). Saarbrücken: Institut für Phonetik.
Maîtrise.

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Noms propres en Ghomálá' 89

Noms propres en Ghomálá' 90

Noms propres en Ghomálá' 91

cnmbrhlokdsdælnhm`tbtk`hqd-Bdkthpthrd IvhÃix« N.khss-!edlldcdk&hmsdqchs!-Bgdykdr

Noms propres en Ghomálá' 92

L`&fv`»& N. Lnœj`l N.

Noms propres en Ghomálá' 93

pthuntrdæshdy`qqhudæ- Lt»f«l N.

Noms propres en Ghomálá' 94

Noms propres en Ghomálá' 95

Øj`¿lœjvhN. dme`ms l&`oo`qshdmmd+ id m&`bbdosd o`r

Noms propres en Ghomálá' 96

Noms propres en Ghomálá' 97

Rhæs«ohæœN.khss-!Chdtm&`o`r`bbdosdæ!-Bdmnl Rn& N.

Noms propres en Ghomálá' 98

Sdjn N. ontqchqdlnmsdlorcdokdtqdqdrsudmt-

Noms propres en Ghomálá' 99

Noms propres en Ghomálá' 100

Hambourg & Yaoundé

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