COMPUI MACROERGICI

NH2 N N N

Mg2+ O- O- OO CH2-O-P-O-P-O-P-OH N

NH2 N

Mg2+ O- OO

O OH OH ATP
E

CH2-O-P-O-P-OO O

OH OH ADP
fosfoenol piruvat piruvat kinaza creatinfosfat

creatinfosfokinaza ATP glicerol kinaza glicerol-3-P

HN=C

NH~PO3H2 N-CH2-COOH

creatinfosfat

creatina

CH3 creatinfosfat

ADP

ATP

FOSFORILAREA LA NIVEL DE SUBSTRAT

O C-O~PO3H2 CH-OH CH2-O-PO3H2 1,3-difosfoglicerat 11,8 kcal/mol
COOH C-O~PO3H2 + ADP CH2 fosfoenol piruvat 14,8 kcal/mol 7,3 kcal/mol piruvat kinaza COOH C=O CH3 + ATP

fosfoglicerat kinaza + ADP

COOH CH-OH CH2-O-PO3H2 3-fosfoglicerat 7,3 kcal/mol + ATP

COOH CH2 CH2 C~S-CoA

+ GDP + P

succinil-CoA tiokinaza

COOH CH2 CH2 COOH + CoA-SH + GTP ADP

O succinil CoA 8 kcal/mol

GDP

ATP 7,3 kcal/mol

SINTEZA ACETIL-CoA DIN PIRUVAT

SH TPP CH3-C-COOH piruvat O dehidrogenaza CO2 CH3-CH-TPP OH Lip dihidrolipoil transacetilaza Lip S-CO-CH3 S S dihidrolipoil dehidrogenaza FADH2 FAD SH SH CH3-CO-S-CoA CoA

Lip

NAD+

NADH + H+

ADP, NAD+, Mg2+, Ca2+ CoA-SH, NA, insulina H2O +

piruvat, CoA-SH, NAD+ piruvat-dehidrogenaza-P fosfataza ADP kinaza + ATP

piruvat-dehidrogenaza

NADH, acetil-CoA

CoA-SH CH -COO2a H2O 2 O aconitaza citrat sintaza HO C -COO CH3-C~S-CoA + C O acetil-CoA CH2-COO CH2-COOoxal-acetat succinil CoA, citrat, citrat fluorocitrat NADH, ATP, AG COO-

CH2-COOC -COO CH-COOcis-aconitat

H2O 2b aconitaza HO

CH2-COOCH -COOCH-COOizo-citrat NAD+ + ADP

8
NADH+H+ malat-DH-aza NAD+

3a

izocitrat-DH-aza NADH+H+ CH2-COOCH-COO NADH, ATP

O COOHO- CH CH2 COOL-malat

C-COO-

oxal-succinat

CICLUL ACIZILOR TRICARBOXILICI (CICLUL ACIDULUI CITRIC)

3b
CO2 CH2-COOCH2 O C-COOCa2+ + -ceto-glutarat

fumaraza

7
H2O -OOC malonat, oxalacetat

NAD+

CoA-SH

4
NADH+H+ COOCH2 CH2 COOsuccinat GTP C C H COO-

ceto-glutarat-DH-aza CO2 NADH, ATP succinil CoA

6
FADH2 FAD succinat-DH-aza

5
succinil-CoAsintetaza

GDP + P

CH2-COOCH2 O C~S-CoA succinil-CoA

fumarat

LANUL RESPIRATOR Complexul I NADH-coenzima Q-oxido-reductaza (NADH dehidrogenaza)

NADH + 5 H+ + CoQ NAD+ + CoQH2 + 4 H+ 2 e2 e2 e2 e-

FeS1 NADH + H+ FMN 2 e-

FeS2

FeS3

FeS4

CoQ

CoQH2 NAD+ FMNH2 2 H+

Complexul II Succinat-coenzima Q-oxido-reductaza (succinat-coenzima Q-reductaza)

COOH CH2 COOH H-C C-H COOH acid fumaric

CoQ

CoQH2

CH2 succinat-CoQoxido-reductaza COOH acid succinic

succinat 2 efumarat

FAD 2 eFADH2

CoQH2

CoQ

Complexul III Coenzima Q redus-ferocitocrom c-oxido-reductaza (coenzima Q-citocrom c- reductaza; complexul citocrom bc1)

CoQH2 + 2 Fe3+ + 2 H+

CoQ + 2 Fe2+ + 4 H+

Complexul IV Ferocitocrom c-oxigen-oxido-reductaza (citocrom c oxidaza) 4 Fe3+ + 2 H2O + 4H+ 4 Fe2+ + 8 H+ O2 eeeecit c1 cit a3 cit a prot-Cu ............2O2O2 4H+

2H2O

TRANSPORTUL ECHIVALENILOR REDUCTORI

1. Naveta glicerolfosfat

2. Naveta malat-aspartat