50(602)

IEC

Uy ban k thut in Quc t (IEC)

n phm 50 (601) - 1985

T ng k thut in Quc t
Chng 602: Pht, truyn ti v phn phi in Pht in

Mc lc

Trang

Li ni u....................................................................
Li ta............................................................................
Tit
Tit 602-01

Cc nh my pht in________________________

Tit 602-02

Lp t v thit b pht in______________

Tit 602-03

Vn hnh cc nh my pht in____________

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IEC

U ban K thut in Quc t

T ng k thut in quc t

Chng 602: Pht, truyn ti v phn phi in Pht in

Li ni u
1. Cc quyt nh hoc tha thun chnh thc ca IEC v cc vn
k thut c son tho bi cc y ban k thut, trong c i din
ca cc y ban Quc gia ang c quan tm c bit n vn ny,
th hin s nht tr Quc t cao v cc ch c cp.
2. Cc quyt nh hoc tha thun ny l nhng khuyn ngh
s dng quc t v c cc U ban Quc gia chp nhn theo ngha .
3. xc tin s thng nht Quc t, IEC by t mong mun tt c cc
y ban Quc gia nn chp nhn khuyn ngh ca IEC nh l cc qui nh
quc gia ca mnh trong chng mc cc iu kin quc gia cho php. Bt
k s khc bit no gia khuyn ngh ca IEC v qui nh quc gia tng
ng, cn c nu r trong chng mc cho php trong cc quy nh ny.

Li ta
n phm ny hp thnh chng th hai ca mt tp hp nm chng ca t ng k thut in quc t (IEV) dnh cho sn xut,
truyn ti v phn phi in theo th t sau:
Chng 601: tng qut.
Chng 602: Sn xut.
Chng 603: K hoch ho v qun l cc li.
Chng 604: Vn hnh.
Chng 605: Cc trm bin p.
Nhng chng ny c nhm 25 duyt li ln xut bn th hai
ca IEV nm1965 v c chun b k t nm 1968, bi nhm
lm vic 1/WGP 601 m th k ln lt l U ban Quc gia ca Lin
X m nhim v ri, k t 1986, l U ban Quc gia c.
Thut ng trong chng 602 <<Pht in>> c thu hp c
thc trong phm vi hn ch. Nhng thit b sn xut c xem
xt ch yu theo chc nng chng m nhim v ch la chn
mt t thut ng cn cho nhng ngi lm k hoch v vn hnh
li. Chng 602 ch cn l ch yu mt chng k thut in loi
tr, cng nhiu cng hay, tt c chi tit cu trc trong nh
ngha cc thit b.
Mt d tho th nht, ti liu 1 (IEV 602) (Th k) 1156 c a ra xem xt vo thng hai 1980. Sau mt hi ngh m rng ca
nhm lm vic WG 601 hp Pari t 01 n 03/10/1980, mt
d tho th hai, ti liu 1(IEV 602) (vn phng trung tm) 1152
c trnh ln cc U ban Quc gia c chp nhn theo
quy tc su thng vo thng Ging nm 1981.

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IEC

Cc U ban Quc gia cc nc sau y b phiu thun cho n

phm:
c
Ai Cp
Rumani
Lin X
B
Hoa K
Vng Quc Anh
Brazin
Php
Thu in
Canada
Israel
Thu S
Cng Ho Triu Tin
Italia
Tip
Chng 602: pht, truyn ti v phn phi in
pht in
Tit 602-01

Cc nh my pht in

602-01-01
nh my pht in.
Mt thit b c mc ch pht in v bao gm cc cng trnh
k thut dn dng, thit b chuyn i nng lng v tt c cc
thit b ph tr cn thit

602-01-02
h thng pht in.
Tp hp cc phng tin pht in trong mt h thng.
Ghi ch.- Ngi ta cng c th coi ch mt phn nhm
nht nh (v d h thng pht nhit in)

602-01-03
s lp t thu in.
Mt s xp xp c th t cc cng trnh dn dng, my mc v
thit b nhm mc ch ch yu l chuyn i th nng ca
nc thnh in nng

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602-01-04
nh my thu in.
Mt nh my in trong ng nng ca nc c chuyn
thnh in nng

602-01-05
nh my in dng chy.
Mt nh my thu in dng dng chy ca sng, thi gian lm
y h cha thc t l khng ng k.

602-01-06
nh my in tch nc.
Mt nh my thu in m thi gian lm y h nc da vo
nhng dng chy ca nc tch li cho php gi nc trong mt
thi gian nhiu nht khng qu mt vi tun.
li
cao

Ghi ch: c bit, nh my in u nc cho php dng chy c tr

trong thi gian ti thp c th vn hnh tua bin trong thi gian ti
trong cng ngy hay nhng ngy sau .

602-01-07
nh my in h cha.

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IEC

Mt nh my thu in m h cha c thi gian tch y bi nc chy nhiu hn mt vi tun

Ghi ch.- Mt nh my h cha thng cho php
tch nc trong thi gian nc cao c th vn
hnh tua bin sau ny trong thi gian ti cao
602-01-08
nh my in thu triu.
Mt nh my in dng chnh lch cao ca nc do thu triu

602-01-09
tch nc bng bm.
Vn hnh bng cch a nc ln bng bm v gi li dng v
sau cho mt hoc nhiu cng trnh thu in pht in.

602-01-10
nh my in tch nc bng bm.
Mt nh my in dng mt b cha cao v mt b cha thp
cho php thc hin cc chu k pht v bm lp li

602-01-11
ct nc th ca nh my thu in.
Chnh lch cao gia cc mc nc thng lu v h lu trong cc
iu kin quy nh

602-01-12
ct nc tinh ca nh my thu in.
Ct nc th ca nh my thu in tr i chiu cao tng ng
vi tn tht thu lc khng k n nhng tn tht thu lc
trong tua bin
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602-01-13
dung lng nc c ch ca mt h cha.
Th tch nc ca h cha gia mc thp nht v cao nht cho
php vn hnh bnh thng mt h cha

602-01-14
kh nng nng lng mt h cha.
Lng in nng s c sn xut bi mt hoc nhiu nh my
pht in c cung cp bi mt h cha trong trng hp x ht
dung lng nc c ch

602-01-15
d tr nc c ch ca mt h cha.
Khi lng nc cha trong h trong mt thi gian nht nh trn
mc thp nht cho php vn hnh bnh thng

602-01-16
d tr nng lng ca mt h cha.
Lng in nng c th c sn xut bi cc nh my in c
cung cp bi mt h cha trong trng hp x ht nc d tr c
ch

602-01-17
h s lm y h cha.

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IEC

T s ca d tr in nng ca mt hoc nhiu h cha, ti mt

thi im cho, vi kh nng nng lng ca chng

602-01-18
lu lng nc v.
Khi lng tng cng ca nc chy qua mt thit din cho ca
dng nc trong mt khong thi gian cho

602-01-19
kh nng nng lng (ca mt hay nhiu cng trnh thu
in).
Lng in nng m lu lng nc v, c hiu chnh bi cc iu
kin thng ngun, c th sn xut ra c trong nhng iu
kin ti u trong khong thi gian cho

602-01-20
kh nng nng lng trung bnh (ca mt hay nhiu cng
trnh thu in).
Trung bnh ca kh nng nng lng ca mt hay nhiu cng
trnh thu in trong mt thi k pht trin nht nh, c
xc nh trong cng mt thi k v cho cng nhiu nm cng
tt

602-01-21
h s kh nng nng lng (ca mt hay nhiu cng trnh
thu in).
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T s ca kh nng nng lng qua mt thi gian cho vi kh

nng nng lng trung bnh trong cng mt thi gian

602-01-22
nh my nhit in.
Mt nh my in trong in nng c sn xut ra bng
cch chuyn i t nhit nng
Ghi ch.- nhit nng c th nhn c t cc ngun khc
nhau

602-01-23
nh my nhit in kiu c.
Mt nh my nhit in trong nhit nng nhn c t t
than hay hydro-ccbon

602-01-24
in v nhit hn hp.
Vic sn xut nhit c dng cho nhng mc ch khng in
v cho sn xut in nng

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10

602-01-25
tch lu kh nn.
S vn hnh qua kh c nn, lm lnh v lu gi trong bnh
cha t nhin

602-01-26
nh my in kh nn.
Mt nh my in c trang b tua bin kh s dng kh nn lu
gi

602-01-27
nh my in (nhit) nguyn t.
Mt nh my nhit in trong nhit nng thu c nh phn
ng nguyn t

602-01-28
nh my in a nhit.
Mt nh my nhit in trong nng lng nhit c trch ra
t cc vng thch hp ca v tri t

602-01-29
nh my in mt tri.
Mt nh my in sn xut in nng t bc x mt tri trc
tip nh hiu ng quang in, hay gin tip bi s bin i
nhit

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11

602-01-30
nh my in gi.
Mt nh my in trong nng lng gi c chuyn i
thnh in nng

602-01-31
nh my in nhit t-thu-ng.
nh my in TTD.
Mt nh my nhit in sn xut ra in nng nh tc ng
ca mt trng in t trn mt dng plasma.

602-01-32
nh my in gradien nhit bin hay i dng.
Mt nh my nhit in sn xut ra in nng nh s khc
nhau gia cc nhit b mt ca i dng/bin v nhit
su hn

602-01-33
pin nhin liu.
Mt my pht in s dng ho nng trc tip bng ion ho v
oxy ho nhin liu

Tit 602-02

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Lp t v thit b pht in

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12

602-02-01
nhm my pht in.
Mt nhm cc my quay chuyn i nhit nng hoc c nng
thnh in nng

602-02-02
nhm ng c.
Mt nhm cc my quay bin i in nng thnh c nng

602-02-03
t my thu in.
Mt t my pht in gm mt tua bin thu lc ni c kh vi
mt my pht in

602-02-04
t my thu in thun nghch.
Mt t my quay m bo chc nng kp sn xut in hoc
bm

602-02-05
p.
Mt cng trnh gi nc chy vo phc v cho nhng mc
ch xc nh.

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13

602-02-06
p kiu trng lng
Mt p c xy bng b tng v/hay n m s n nh c
m bo bng trng lng ca n

602-02-07
p kiu vm.
Mt p bng b tng v/hay n c un cong chuyn phn
ln p xut nc ln tng chng mt bn

602-02-08
p t.
Mt p bng t nn m qu na tng th tch to thnh bi
cc vt liu ht mn nn chc

602-02-09
ng ng chu p.
Mt ng ng dn nc c p xut ti tua bin

602-02-10
h trn;
Mt h cha nc c b mt h lm gim hu qu ca sng p
xut sc trong ng ng chu p
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14

602-02-11
tua bin kiu xung.
Mt tua bin trong mt cht lng tc ng ch yu bng
ng nng ca n

602-02-12
tua bin kiu phn lc.
Mt tua bin trong mt cht lng tc ng va bng ng
nng va bng p xut ca n

602-02-13
tua bin Pelton.
Mt tua bin kiu xung thu lc thng vn hnh t mt thc nc
cao vi lu lng nh

602-02-14
tua bin Francis.
Mt tua bin thu lc kiu phn lc c nhng cnh hng c nh
thng vn hnh nhng thc nc c chiu cao trung bnh hay
thp vi lu lng trung bnh

602-02-15
tua bin Kaplan.

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15

Mt tua bin thu lc kiu phn lc loi trc m rto c nhng

cnh hng iu chnh c, vn hnh vi lu lng cao

602-02-16
t my loi bc kn.
Mt t my thu in c v bc kn cha my pht in v tua
bin c t chm trong dng chy

602-02-17
tua bin - cnh qut.
Mt tua bin kiu Kaplan vi nhng cnh hng khng iu chnh
c, ph hp vi chiu cao ct nc khng thay i

602-02-18
h cha nc b.
Mt h cha iu chnh lu lng nc ca sng v cc nh my
thu in h lu

602-02-19
t my nhit in.
Tp hp to thnh mt n v vn hnh thng bao gm mt ni
hi, mt t my pht nhit in, mt my bin p v cc thit
b ph tr ca chng

602-02-20

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16

t my nhit in.
Mt t my pht gm mt ng c nhit s cp ni c vi mt
hoc nhiu my pht in

602-02-21
t my tua bin my pht.
Mt t my nhit in trong ng c s cp l mt tua bin
hi
Ghi ch:- Trong lnh vc sn xut in nng,
vic thc t loi tr s dng cc my pht dng
xoay chiu gii thch ngha hn ch hn ca
thut ng dng trong ting Php

602-02-22
t my ng c t trong.
Mt t my nhit in trong ng c s cp l mt ng
c t trong

602-02-23
t my tua bin kh.
T my nhit in trong ng c s cp l mt tua bin
kh

602-02-24
t my ngng t.
Mt t my tua bin-my pht trong tua bin l loi ngng t

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17

602-02-25
t my ngng t vi thit b lm nng li.
Mt my ngng t vi thit b lm nng li hi nc sau khi gin
n ln u trong tua bin

602-02-26
t my i p.
T my tua bin -my pht trong tua bin l loi i p

602-02-27
my pht in chnh.
My pht in m in nng sn xut ra c chuyn ton b
hoc mt phn vo h thng hoc trc tip n ngi s dng

602-02-28
my pht in t dng.
Mt my pht in m in nng sn xut ra c cung cp cho
nhng cng vic t dng trong nh my in

602-02-29
nhng thit b t dng ca mt t hp
Bt k thit b t dng chuyn dng cho nh my v cn thit
cho s vn hnh ca n
V d : my nghin, my bm tun hon, qut thng gi

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18

602-02-30
cc thit b t dng chung.
Tp hp cc thit b t dng chung cho t hp v cho nh my
in
V d: chiu sng, my nn kh

602-02-31
T my bin p - my pht in
my bin p hp b .
Mt my bin p u vo cc ca my pht in qua n cng
xut ra ca my pht in c truyn ti vo h thng

602-02-32[33]
my bin p t dng ca mt n v.
[ca mt nh my in].
My bin p dng cung cp in cho cc cng vic t dng
ca mtt hp
[ca mt nh my in]

602-02-34
ni hi.
Mt thit b m chc nng l lm cho nc bc hi di p xut,
to qu nhit v, trong mt vi trng hp lm nng li hi nc

602-02-35
ni hi tun hon t nhin.
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19

Mt ni hi trong s tun hon c to ra bi i lu v trong

bao hi tch trng thi nc ra khi trng thi hi

602-02-36
ni hi tun hon cng bc .
ni hi mt ng.
Mt ni hi mch h trong nc bm vo b bc hi, v hi
c qu nhit trong cng mt ng

602-02-37
ni hi tun hon iu khin.
Mt ni hi loi tun hon t nhin trong tc tun hon
nc c tng bi mt bm

602-02-[38][39] [40]
ni hi kiu nhin liu phun [ni hi cht t kh ][ni
hi cht t lng ].
Mt ni hi c thit k cho loi nhin liu dng bi

602-02-41
ni hi t trung gian
Ni hi t bng than, than nghin c lu gi trc khi a vo
bung t

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20

602-02-42
ni hi t trc tip
Mt ni hi than bt trong than nghin c a thng ngay
vo l

602-02-43
ni hi tng si.
Mt ni hi trong than nghin c duy tr l lng bi mt
lung kh nng ln trong khi t chy.

602-02-44
hi qu nhit.
Hi nhit cao hn nhit bo ho ti mt p xut cho

602-02-45
b qu nhit.
Mt b phn ca ni hi ti hi sn xut ra c qu nhit

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21

602-02-46
thit b lm nng li.
Mt b phn ca ni hi trong hi ht ra ca b phn p lccao c qu nhit li

602-02-47
tua bin hi.
Mt tua bin m cht lng lm quay l hi.

602-02-48
tua bin hi ngng t.
Mt tua bin dng bnh ngng t lm lnh bng nc lm lnh
hi thot ra

602-02-49
tua bin hi ngng t c rt hi.
Mt tua bin hi ngng t c rt mt phn ng k hi cho cc
nhu cu khc ngoi sn xut in

602-02-50
xi-lanh (ca mt tua bin hi).

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22

Mt trong nhng phn thn my tua bin hi trong t

phn ln cc b phn tnh
Ghi ch 1- trong mt tua bin c ba xi-lanh, theo p
xut hi vo,
c:
xi-lanh H.P (p xut cao)
xi-lanh I.P (p xut trung bnh)
xi-lanh L.P (p xut thp)
2- Trong mt ngha rng hn, c tp hp ca
thn (casing) v rto
(rotor) c th c gi l
xi-lanh (cylinder)

602-02-51
truyn ng trc chung.
Mt tp hp cc rto ghp trn cng mt trc

602-02-52
t my mt trc.
Mt b gm tua bin hi nhiu xi-lanh v mt my pht trn mt
ng truyn ng trc chung

602-02-53
t my nhiu trc
Mt hp b gm tua bin hi c nhiu xi-lanh vi nhng trc tch
ring mi ci ko mt my pht chnh

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23

602-02-54
b iu tc.
Mt thit b iu chnh hi vo ca tua bin nhm duy tr tc
quay mt tr s yu cu

602-02-55
b chng vt tc.
Mt thit b m chc nng l ng hi vo ca tua bin nhm
mc ch hn ch tc quay khi bt thnh lnh mt ti

602-02-56
b ngng t.
Mt thit b trao i nhit, l ngun lnh trong mt chu
trnh hi kn v lm ngng t hi thot ra ca tua bin

602-02-57
thp lm lnh.
Mt thit b trao i nhit ca nc/khng kh c tc dng lm
lnh nc tun hon ca b ngng t trong mt mch kn

602-02-58
thp lm lnh kh.
Mt cu trc trong b ngng t lm lnh nc khng trc tip
tip xc vi khng kh

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24

602-02-59
thp lm lnh m.
Mt cu trc trong b ngng t lm lnh nc trc tip tip xc
vi khng kh

602-02-60
thp lm lnh thng gi cng bc.
Mt thp lm lnh trong dng khng kh c tng mt cch
nhn to

Tit 602-03

Vn hnh cc nh my pht in

602-03-01
khi ng lnh t my nhit in.
Qu trnh m t my pht c tng tc , my c ho vo h
thng v mang ti sau mt thi gian di khng vn hnh

602-03-02
khi ng nng t my nhit in .
Qu trnh m mt my pht c tng tc , my c ho vo
h thng v mang ti sau thi gian ngn khng vn hnh khng
thay i qu nhiu tnh trng nhit ca tua bin

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25

602-03-03
ph ti an ton ti thiu ca mt t my .
Mc cng xut m mt t my khng th duy tr vn hnh lin
tc thp hn m khng c nguy him x ra, t nht, cho mt
trong cc b phn ca n

602-03-04
cng xut pht ra th ca mt t my.
Cng xut in sn xut ti cc cc ca my pht chnh v ph
ca t my

602-03-05
cng xut th pht ra bi mt nh my in.
Cng xut in sn xut ti cc cc ca cc my pht chnh v
ph ca mt nh my in

602-03-06
cng xut tinh pht ra bi mt t my pht.
Cng xut pht ra th tr cng xut in tiu th bi cc cng
vic t dng lin kt -

602-03-07

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26

cng xut pht ra tinh ca mt nh my in.

Cng xut pht ra tr cng xut tiu th bi cc cng vic t dng
lin kt v tr
nhng tn tht ca cc my bin p lin kt
02-03-08[09]
cng xut ti a ca mt t hp [mt nh my in].
Cng xut ti a c th c sn xut bi mt n v [mt nh
my in], ch vn hnh lin tc vi tt c cc thnh phn
ca n u trong trng thi hot ng
Ghi ch:- Cng xut c th l th hoc tinh

602-03-10
kh nng qu ti .
Ti cao nht c th c duy tr trong mt thi gian ngn

602-03-11[12]
cng xut sn sng ca mt t hp [ca mt nh my
in ].
Cng xut ti a mt t hp [mt nh my in] c th
vn hnh lin tc nhng iu kin thc t
Ghi ch :- cng xut ny c th tinh hoc th.

602-03-13
nhu cu cng xut ca mt h thngCng xut phi c cung cp cho mt h thng p ng nhu
cu

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27

602-03-14
cng xut d phng ca mt h thng.
chnh lch gia cng xut tng sn sng ca h thng v
nhu cu cng xut ca h thng

602-03-15
d tr quay ca h thng.
chnh lch gia cng xut tng sn sng ca tt c cc my
pht in ni vo h thng v ti thc t ca chng

602-03-16
d phng nng .
Cng xut tng sn c ca cc my pht sn sng khi ng
ng nhanh vo h thng

602-03-17
d phng ngui .
Cng xut tng sn sng ca cc my pht d phng m vic
khi ng c th ko di vi gi

602-03-18
nng lng buc phi dng .

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28

Nng lng s cp m s tiu th ca n khng th c chm tr

v n s b lng ph nu khng bin i thnh in
V d : nng lng dng chy ca sng

602-03-19[20]
xut tiu hao nhit trung bnh th[tinh] ca mtt hp
Trong mt thi gian cho, t s ca nhit nng ca cht t
tiu th vi in nng th [tinh] sn xut bi mt t hp trong
cng mt thi gian

602-03-21[22]
hiu xut nhit th[tinh] ca mt t hp
Trong mt thi gian cho, t s ca in nng th [tinh] pht
ra bi mt t hp vi nhit nng ca cht t tiu th trong cng
mt thi gian bi cng mt t hp

602-03-23
ti kinh t ca mt t my
Ti tng ng vi im t thiu ca ng cong biu th quan
h ca xut tiu hao nhit vi ph ti

602-03-24

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50(602)

IEC

29

h s ti ca mt t my
T s ca nng lng sn xut bi mt n v trong mt thi gian
cho vi nng lng s sn xut c nu vn hnh ti cng xut
ln nht trong cng thi gian .

602-03-25[26]
thi gian s dng cng xut ti a ca mt t my [nhiu
t my ] .
Thng s ca nng lng sn xut bi mt t my [ nhiu t
my ] trong mt thi gian cho vi dung lng ti a tng ng.

602-03-27
h s s dng cng xut ti a ca mt t my .
t my n v trong mt thi gian cho vi nng lng n s
pht ra nu n chy cng xut ln nht trong cng thi gian

602-03-28
cch ly mt t my
Bin php khn cp bao gm tch mt t my duy tr vic
cp in cho cc t dng ca chnh n

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50(602)

IEC

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30 / 27