Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

Solutions
Ans 1 ....................................................................................................................................................... 1
a. .......................................................................................................................................................... 2
b. ......................................................................................................................................................... 2
c. .......................................................................................................................................................... 3
d. ......................................................................................................................................................... 4
e. .......................................................................................................................................................... 5
Ans 2 ....................................................................................................................................................... 6
a........................................................................................................................................................... 6
b. ......................................................................................................................................................... 7
c. .......................................................................................................................................................... 8
d. ....................................................................................................................................................... 10
Ans 3. .................................................................................................................................................... 11
1. ....................................................................................................................................................... 11
2. ....................................................................................................................................................... 12
3. ....................................................................................................................................................... 13
4. ....................................................................................................................................................... 13
5. ....................................................................................................................................................... 14
6. ....................................................................................................................................................... 14
7. ....................................................................................................................................................... 14
8. ....................................................................................................................................................... 16
Ans 4 ..................................................................................................................................................... 16
Tables: ................................................................................................................................................. 17
Questions ........................................................................................................................................... 17
Question 1 ...................................................................................................................................... 17
Question 2 ...................................................................................................................................... 18
Question 3 ...................................................................................................................................... 18
Question 4...................................................................................................................................... 19

Ans 1
Question
Let X |

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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

~(4.577,0.3822 )

a.

4.2 4.577
( < 4.2) = ( < ),
. 382
~ (0,1)
Steps of standardisation of the normally distributed variate/statistic:
Score 4.2
Mean 4.577
Score less Mean -0.377
S.d. 0.382
z-score -0.98691 .987

The testing is going to be a one tailed test:

( < 4.2) = ( < .987) = ( > .987),
. = 1 ( . ),
.
= 1 0.8382 0.1618.
Question

b.
4.24.577
( 5.4) = ( ) , ~ (0,1)
.382

Steps of standardisation of the normally distributed

variate/statistic(P.T.O.):

Score 5.4
Mean 4.577
Score -Mean 0.823
S.d. 0.382

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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

z score 2.15445 2.155

The testing is going to be a one tailed test:

( < 4.2) = ( > 2.155)
= 1 ( . ),
.
= 1 .9844 .
Question
c.
( ) = 80% = 0.8
4.577
( ) = ( ) = 0.8 (1)
.382

We look up from z table a value closest to .8

, .
Higher precision tables will have precision in higher digits , which is,
((+)())
Mathematically () .

Since we are dealing with Normal CDF which is known to be

Continuously Differentiable (smooth in Real Numbers) and
monotone, we can induce that the linearity (or difference) is
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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

preserved in smaller intervals (not larger) than wildly oscillating

behaviour.
: ( + )
= () + () .
( + ) = () + (). = + ()
1 2
()
() , , . , . . <.

P(z<.85) = 8.0234
P(z<=.84) =.79955
. + ( ) . = . (3)
( )
{| () + ( ) ()
= . ) () + ( ) ()
= ( + ( ) )
(. 80234 .7955) = .8 .7955
.1613 .16
{| ( ) = .8} = .85 + (1 ) .84 from eqns. (3 &2)
.8416 .842 .
4.577
( ) = ( ), = from eqn. 1
. 38

4.577
{| = .842 = (. 842 .38) + 4.577
. 38 }
= . .

Question
d.
Since we have a small sample we do a t-test for the studentised t distribution
variate.

. .
< . | = ) = ( <
( ) = ( <
)
.

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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

.
Calculation

Score 4.444
Mean 4.577
Score-Mean -0.133
S.d. 0.382
n 25

t- stat -1.74084

We do a One tailed T statistic test (Left Tailed for ve value)

as obvious from question.
< . | = ) = ( < . ) = .
(
Question

e.
(. . ) = ( . ) ( . ) = ( . )
( . )

Score 4.2 5.4

Mean 4.577 4.577
Score-Mean -0.377 0.823
S.d. 0.382 0.382

z -0.98691 2.15445

Where z is standard normal distribution N(0,1).

(. . ) = ( . ) ( . )

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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

= ( . ) ( ( . ))
.
= . + . =.

Ans 2
Question
Let X ~(3369,5672 )

a

P(X<2500) = ( < ) = ( < . ) ,

~(, )
Calculation of standard normal z- score
Score 2500
Mean 3369
Score-Mean -869
S.d. 567

z -1.53263

( < ) = ( < 1.533)

= ( > 1.533) .
= 1 ( < 1.533) = 1 .93732 = . . .
. . 4 .

Question

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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

b.

The following table links Proportions-within to s.d. and is often useful to

summarize as properties of normal distribution:

Sigma Popln Population

Within Without
0.674490 50% 50%

1 68% 32%

1.281552 80% 20%

1.644854 90% 10%

1.959964 95% 5%

2 95% 5%

2.575829 99.00% 1.00%

3 99.73% 0%

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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

3.290527 99.90% 0.10%

Note: In absence of an extensive properties sheet with z- tables however,

one is forced to commit to memory or take a more time-expensive
approach as in 1(c).

{| = 80% } = 3369 1.281552 567 = 3369

726.63998 (1)
But then, Normal distribution is symmetric: Area without being equally
distributed, the lower bound of eqn (1) represents the weight that
differences bottom 20/2 =10% from upper (80+(20/2))% =90%

{|( < ) = .1} = {| = 80% }

2642.36
Which is accurate to103 .
Question
c.
For middle x % Use Proportions within
The following table links Proportions-within to s.d. and is often useful to
summarize as properties of normal distribution:

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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

Sigma Popln Population

Within Without
0.674490 50% 50%

1 68% 32%

1.281552 80% 20%

1.644854 90% 10%

1.959964 95% 5%

2 95% 5%

2.575829 99.00% 1.00%

3 99.73% 0%

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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

3.290527 99.90% 0.10%

In absence of an extensive properties sheet with z- tables however, one is

forced to commit to memory or take a more time-expensive approach.

{| = 50% } = 3369 .67449 567

= [2986.564,3751.436]
Alternatively find = { + }, = 567, = 3369 ()
.75% 1()

Question
d.
P(X> 3400|n=49,X~(3369,5672))=1- P(X> 3400|n=49,X~(3369,5672))=
48 48
1- P(T<.39| ~(0, )) = P(T>.39| ~(0, ))
46 46

Where t is the t distribution, and variance comes from d.f. =48.

Vital Calculations:

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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

Score 3400
Mean 3369
Score less Mean 31
Standard Dev 557
n 49

0.3896
t .39 ( 3 )

d.f. t 48

48
P(T>.39| ~(0, )) = . (Read from right tail table).
46

Ans 3.
Question
Let ~(0,1)

1.

By symmetry, the shaded area is equivalent to (P.T.O.)

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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

( < 2.04 ) = 1 ( < 2.04) ,

~(0,1)
We read the One tailed t statistic:
=1-.9793 = 0.0207.

2.

P(X>.82) =1-P(X<=.82), X ~ N(0,1)

= 1-. 79389 0.20611
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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

Question
3.

(1.23 < < 2.37) = ( < 2.37) ( < 1.23)

= .99111 .89065 = .1005

4.
THE REQUISITE AREA IS SHADED IN BLACK.

P(-3.9<x<2) = ( < 2) ( < 3.9) = ( < 2) ( > 3)

= ( < 2) + ( < 3.9) 1
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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

=.9972

X 2 3.9 Sum-1
P(X~N(0,1)) 0.9773 0.999958 0.977202

5.
P(X>-.84) =P(X<.84). Symmetric properties of Normal. X~N(0,1)
We find the one tailed z statistic
= 0.79955

6.

P(X<1.96| X~N(0,1)) =0.975

Question
7.
Sigma Popln Population
Within Without
0.674490 50% 50%

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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

1 68% 32%

1.281552 80% 20%

1.644854 90% 10%

1.959964 95% 5%

2 95% 5%

2.575829 99.00% 1.00%

3 99.73% 0%

3.290527 99.90% 0.10%

{|( > ) = .1} = {| = 80% }

1.281552 = 1.2816 (). , = 0, = 1.

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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

8.
We cannot 34=100-66 (33*2 .. Without) from the table, hence have to
undertake a more elaborative approach

{|( = .33|~(0,1))
Question

X -0.42 -0.43 -0.44 -0.45

F(X) 0.33724 0.3336 0.32997 0.32636
Increment 0.0036 0.0036 0.0036

Note: Higher precision in decimals and tables will have more precise
linearity in terms of decimal places
From linearity (constant increments over fixed intervals, smoothness and
monotonicity of normal) we know that F (a*x+(1-a)*y) = a*F(x) +(1-a)*
F(y).Since F(X) is linear in (-.43,-.44) where F is Standard Normal CDF.
| F (a .43 + (1 a) .44) = .33
a F(.43) + (1 a) F(.44) = .33
.3336 + (1 ) .32997 = .33
(. 33 .32997)
= = .00826
. 3336 .32997
{|( = .33|~(0,1)) = a .43 + (1 a) .44
= .4399 .44.
We can continue into higher precision beyond this point of. 4399 obtained
from tables , 103 .

Ans 4
60
S.E. = = = 12. 95% { 1.95996 . . } = {343.5195,296.4804}
5

99% = {320 2.57583 . . } = {289.09004,350.90996 } Question.

Note we used table in Ans 3(7). Se helps use Proportions for t - distribtn.

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Tables:
https://statpage.sandiego.edu/tables.xls
https://www.stat.tamu.edu/~lzhou/stat302/standardnormaltable.pdf
http://www.stats.gla.ac.uk/~levers/software/tables/tables-uog.pdf
http://chemeng.iisc.ac.in/venu/tables.pdf

Questions
Question 1

Answers: a, b, c, d, e.

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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

Question 2

Answer a, b, c , d .

Question 3

Answers 1,2,3,4,5.
P.T.O.

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Name: Chapter 6 Homework Solutions

Answers: 6,7,8

Question 4.
If the standard deviation of a normally distributed population is 60, and no of
observations = 25, find the standard error (you may ignore Finite Population Correction). Next
assume mean is 320. Give a 95% and 99% Confidence Interval around the mean.

Answer

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