2 3

Chapter 17 4. 2 x + x 2 + c
3

Exercise 17A Exercise 17D

3 4 3 4 3
1. (a) x , x + 1; x 4 1 (b) 1, 1, 2 1. (a) (i) 2ln x + c (ii) 3ln x + c
4 4 4
1 1
2. (a) (i) x 3 ( c) (ii) x 5 ( c) (b) (i) ln x + c (ii) ln x + c
1 1 2 3
(b) (i) ( c) (ii) ( c) x2 x3
x x4 (c) (i) l x+c (ii) + 5l
5 x+c
2 3
(c) (i) x ( c) (ii) 3 x ( c) 2 2
(d) (i) 3 ln x + c (ii) ln x + +c
(d) (i) 2 x 5 ( c) (ii) 4 x 3 ( c) x x
Exercise 17B 2. (a) (i) 5e x + c (ii) 9e x + c
2e x 7e x
3 4 3 4 3 (b) (i) +c (ii) +c
1. (a) x , x + 1, x 4 1 (b) 1, 1, 2 5 11
4 4 4
e x 3x 2 ex x 4
7 1 3 (c) (i) + +c (ii) + +C
2. (a) (i) x 5 + c (ii) x +c 2 4 5 20
5 9
1
(b) (i) + c
4
(ii) + c Exercise 17E
2t y2
1. (a) (i) cos x ssin
in x + c
Exercise 17C (ii) 3 i x 44ccos x + c
1. (a) (i) x 9 ( c) (ii) x12 ( c) (b) (i) x + l x +c
x2 x4
(b) (i) ( c) (ii) ( c) 1 1
2 4 (ii) cos x + ln sec x + c
x 2 3
(c) (i) 9x( c) (ii) (+c ) x2 x
2 (c) (i) +c
x6 9 5 14 7
(d) (i) ( c) (ii) x ( c)
2 5 1 3 sin x
(ii) x 2 + +c
3
9 43 9 6
(e) (i) 2 x 2 ( c) (ii) x ( c)
4 (d) (i) x in x + cos x + c
5 1
(f) (i) (+c) (ii) 2 (+c) (ii) 2cos x sin
in x + c
x x
1 x
2. (a) (i) 3t( c) (ii) 7z( c) 2. ln sec x + + c
2 2
q6 r 11
(b) (i) ( c) (ii) ( c) 3. sin x cos x + c
6 11
15 85 10 92
(c) (i) g ( c) (ii) y ( c) answer hint (3)
2 9
4 1 Use an identity
(d) (i) (+c) (ii) 3 (+c)
h 3p
x3 x4 x5
3. (a) (i) + +c (ii) x 2 + 5x + c
3 4 5 Exercise 17F
1 1 5 1
(b) (i) 2 +c (ii) + 4 +c x2
6t 12t 3 v v 1. (a) (i) y = +5 (ii) y 2x 3 + 5
2 25 18 76 2
(c) (i) x +c (ii) x +c 1
5 7 (b) (i) y 2 x +4 (ii) y = + 4
x
x4 3x 2 (c) (i) y 2 x + 2 x 11 22e (ii) y = e x 5
(d) (i) + x3 + +x+c
4 2 1
(d) (i) y = x + ln x 1 (ii) y = l x + 4
x4 x3 2
(ii) + + 2x 2 + c
4 3 (e) (i) y sin x cos x (ii) y 3 l x +4

890 Answers Cambridge University Press 2012

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 1 3. e2 3
2. (a) f ( x ) = l x + c
2 4. 25
3
1 1 3
(b) y ln x ln 2 + 7 5. a b; a b + 2 3b ;
2 2
a = 1 + 3 ; Area = 3 + 2 3
3. (a) x = 2, y = 2x = 4 < 0, hence local maximum
e5 Exercise 17J
4. y = ln
x
32 1
1. (a) (i) (ii)
Exercise 17G 3 6
1
(b) (i) 9 (ii)
1. (a) (i) 320 (ii) 28.5 3
(b) (i) 1 (ii) 2 (c) (i)
9
(ii)
1
3 8 3
(c) (i) e 1 (ii) 3e
e 32
2. (a) (i) 0.995 (3SF) (ii) 0.0997(3SF) 2.
3
(b) (i) 1.46(3SF) (ii) 1
11
3. e2
3. e + + 1 3
5. 20 4. 0.462
6. a = 16 6. 2 2
7. 8
Exercise 17H
8. m = 4
7 1
1. (a) (i) (ii)
3 4
2 22
(b) (i)
3
(ii)
3
Mixed examination practice 17
11 1
(c) (i) (ii) 13 Short questions
4 6
2. 9 1
1. f ( x ) = cos x
3. (a) 6 2
22 2. 0.201
(b)
3 4k 3
3.
4. 2 3
4. 3
answer hint (4)
answer hint (4)
There is an easier You did not need to
way than splitting this do anything with the
integral into two parts red area to do this
question
9
5.
2
2 5
Exercise 17I 5. ln x + x 2 + c
5
1
1. (a) (i) 9.13 (ii) 2.50 6. (a) a = 2 (b)
(b) (i) 0.828 (ii) 41.3 2
2
(c) (i) 2.35 (ii) 5.38 7. 2 3
3
2. 6 8. (a) (Local) Minimum
(b) x 3 3x 2 45x + 100

Cambridge University Press 2012 Answers 891

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Long questions (c) (i) 16 sin (2 ) cos (2 x )( ( ))
(ii) 24 si 3 ( 4 cos 3x + 1)
1. (a) ( a,0) and ( , 8a2 )
6 i 2x 5 i 5x
64 3 15 (d) (i) (ii)
(b) a (c) 1 3 cos 2 x 2 5x
3 16
1 a2 27 2 77
2. (b) arcsina (c) 1 4. y x
8 12
(d) a r in a + 1 a2 1
3 1
5. 2 , e , 2 , e
3
Chapter 18 6. (a) 2 csc2 x cot
cot x (b) x= ,
4 4
7. 7
Exercise 18A 8. (a)
qa + pb
p+q
1. (a) (i) 7 (2 x 3)( 3x + 1)
2 6
3x
(b) y
(ii) 15x 2 ( x 3 + 1)
4

(2 x 2) e x
2 2x
(b) (i)
a
(ii) 3x 2 e 4 x
3
x
b
(c) (i) 6 ( )+
4

20e x (2 5 x)
5
(ii) 5e
(c) q is even.
(d) (i) 6 cos(3x 2 + 1)
(ii) (2 x + 2) sin( x 2 + 2 x ) 9. (a) Left post e1 > e4 (c) 3
2+
1
3
(e) (i) 3 sin x cos
c 2x 4
(ii) 4 cos x sin3 x 5
10. (a) x = 0, , , , 2
3 3
2 15x 2 8x (b) x = 0.568, 2.21, 4.08, 5.72
(f) (i) (ii)
2 x 5x 3 4x2 1 (c) y
16 5 (4.08, 1.76)
(g) (i) (4 l x 1)3 (ii) ( l x + 3)
6

x x
(0.568, 0.369)
2. (a) (i) 10 (2 3) (ii) 32 ( 4 x 1)
4 7
x
(b) (i) 4 (5 x ) (ii) 7 (1 x )
5 8
(5.72, 0.369)
(c) (i) 4 si (1 4 x ) (ii) sin(2 x )
5 1 (2.21, 1.76)
(d) (i) (ii)
5 2 x4
Exercise 18B
(e) (i) 3 (3 x )2
(ii) 5 (5 ) cott (5x )
1. (a) (i) 2 x s x x 2 sin x
(f) (i) 2 sec (2 1) tan (2 x + 1)
(ii) x 2 n x + x 1 c x
(ii) sec2 (1 x ) (b) (i) 2 x 3 l x + x 3 (ii) ln x +1
3. (a) (i) 6 2 (3 ) tan t n (3 x )
1
2 x + 1 + x 3 (2 x + 1)
2
(c) (i) 3 2
(ii) 4 tan (2 ) sec
s 2 (2 x ) 1
x + 2 x 1 ( 4 x )

(b) (i) 6 i (3 ) cos (ii) x 2 2
c (3x
3 ) esin (3x )
2

2 l (2x ) (ln 2 x )2 (d) (i) 2e2 x e2 x 2 x

(ii) e (ii) e x +1 e x +1 3 x 3x
x

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2. (a) (i) 3 ( x 1) ( x 2) (3x 1)
3 4 6. x (0, 2) , x 1

(ii) ( x 3) ( x + 5) (11x + 23)

6 3
3
7. a = 3, b = 4, p =
2
(b) (i) (2 x 1)3 (1 33x )2
( 42x
42 x + 17 ) Exercise 18D
2 1
(ii) (1 x ) ( 4 x + 1) ( 28 3)
4
28 1. (a) (i) (ii)
3 2
3. 4 x + 3) e 2 x
(6x 2 4x (b) (i) 0 (ii) 1
5
(9 2
1 x 2 ) e3 x
12
12x (c) (i) 1 (ii)
4. 3
1
1 (d) (i) 1 (ii)
5. x = ,2 2
2
2x 2 x 3
1 7 2. (a) (i) (ii)
6. x = 3, , y2 3y
3 4
y (8 x y ) y
7. (0.538, 0.473), (1.82, 0.87), (3.29, 0.962), (b) (i) (ii)
2x ( y 2x ) 2y x
(4.81, 0.933)
1 2y y
8. e x (1 ) ( ex ) (c) (i) (ii)
2x 4 y 1 2y x
9. (a) ln x +1
y (2 x y
) cos x 3 sin
in y
(b) x ln x x (d) (i) (ii)
xye 4
y 3x coss y 2 sin y
3 3
10. ,
2
e

4

3. (i) (3, 2), ( 33, 2)
4
11. a
2
,b=5
(ii) ( )(
2 ,44 2 , 2 , 4 2 )
4. (a) (i) 3 l 3 (ii) 25 ln 5
y = e ln x (ln x + 1) x x
x
12. (a) (b) (b) (i) 4 l 2 (ii) 3 l 3
(c) (e
ee

) (c) (i)
3l 2
8
(ii) 4 l 4
ln5
(d) (i) 3 l 3 (ii)
Exercise 18C 5
d 1 d n
2 5 5. (c) (ln k x ) = , ((ln
ln x n ) =
1. (a) (i) (ii) dx x dx x
( x + 1)2 ( x 3)2 6. 4
1 1
x (2 x 1) 2 (2x
2 x 1)2

7. 5x 2y = 16
(b) (i)
x2 dy y2 y
8. =
1
1
2 x ( x 1)2 x 2 ( x 1) 2

1
dx 1 x 2 y ln 2
(ii) 2 9. (2, e4)
x 1 10. (a) y
2 ( x 2 x 2) x 2 + 2x + 4
(c) (i) (ii)
( x 2 + 2)2
(1 + x )2
x
1 l 3x x 2x l 2x
(d) (i) (ii)
x2 x4
2
4
2. y = x+
4 8 (b) y = 3x 4 (c) (1 4)
3. (0,00), (1,1)
Exercise 18E
4. a = 1
3 2
1 1. (a) (i) (ii)
5. e, Local maximum 1 9x 2 1 4x2
e
Cambridge University Press 2012 Answers 893
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 (b) (i)
2
(ii)
10 Long questions
4 + x2 25 + 4 x 2
x
(c) (i) arcsin x + 1
1 x2 1. (a) x = (b) (0, 0) , (1, 1)
2
x2 (c) (0, 0) local min (1, 1) local max
(ii) 2 x arcco x
1 x2 (d) y
2x x= 1
2
(d) (i)
1 ( x 2 1) 2 y= x2

2 x x
(ii) 0
1( )
2 (1, 1)

3
2.
35
2. (a) (ii)
(ln 2)2 x 2 4 x ln
l 2+2
2x
1 + tan2
1
dy x 2 2 2
4. = (b) (i) (c)
dx x2 ln 2 ln 2
3. (c) k p =1
x
5. (a) arcsin x + 4. (a) (2, 4 ), ( 22, 4 )
1 x2
(b) x arcsin x + 1 x 2 + c (c) (2, 4 ) local max; ( 2, 4 ) local min
5. (a) x , x 1
(b) y
Mixed examination practice 18

Short questions

y= 2
x2 ey
1. (a) 2 x arcsin x + (b)
1 x2 8 y xe y
2x x
2. 1 1
1 (1 x ) 2 2

1
16 (d)
3. x x2 1
225

4. y =
14
x+
88 Chapter 19
9 9
2 (1 3 4
) Exercise 19A
5.
(1 + ) 4 2
1. (a) (i) ( x + )5 + c (ii)
1
( x 2) + c
6

6
6. 1
4
1 1
7 (b) (i)
32
( 4 x 5) + c
8
(ii) 2 x + 1 + c
8
5 7
8 1 1
7.
2 (c) (i) 3 x + c (ii) ( )9 + c
7 2 9
b a
8. (b) ln , 1 3
4 7
c 2b (d) (i)
3
( 2 x 1)2 + c (ii)
5
( )4 + c
2 e 2 2 e 2 3
9. 1, , 1, x 4
e e (e) (i) 4 2 + + c (ii) 2 ( 4 3 )1 + c
3
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 1 2 1
2. (a) (i) e3x + c (ii) e 5
+c (h) (i) csc x 4 + c
2 4

(b) (i) 6e
2x 1
3 +c
1
(ii) 2e 2 + c
x (ii) l + ( )+c
1
(c) (i) 2e 3 x + c (ii) e 4x
+c (i) (i) 3 x 2 + c
4
3
1
( )2 + c
x 2
(d) (i) 8e

4 +c
3
(ii) e 3 x + c (ii)
2 3

3. (a) (i) ln x + 4 + c (ii) ln 5x 2 + c 2 2

3. (a) (i)
5
( x + 1)5/2 3
( x + 1)3/2 + c
2
(b) (i) ln | 3 4 | +c (ii) 4 l 2 x 5 + c 2 8
3 (ii)
7
( x 2) + ( x 2) +
7 /2

5
5/2

3 1
(c) (i) ln 1 4x
4 +c (ii) ln 7 2 x + c 8
4 2
3
( x 2) + c
3/2

(d) (i) x + 3 l 5 x + c (ii) 3 l | 3 x | +c 2 5

(b) (i) ( x 5) + ( x 5) + c
9 8

9 4
4. (a) csc x + c (b) tan3x + c
1 1
1 1
(ii) ( x + 3)7 ( x + 3)6 + c
(c) cos (2 3 )+c (d) 4 cot x + c 7 2
3 4
1 1
1 x 4. (a) (i) (2 1)6 (2
(2 1)5 + c
(e) sin 4 x + c (f) 2 sec + c 24 20
2 2
1 1
1 1 1 1 (ii) (3 2)7 (3 2)6 + c
(3
5. Both; ln (3x ) + c = ln x + ln3
l 3 + c = ln
ln l x + c 7 3
3 3 3 3 5 3
2
6. 0.492 (b) (i) ( 3) 2( 3) 2 + c
5

Exercise 19B (ii) 2 (5 6)5/2 +

75
22
1 2 1 (5 6)3/2 + c
1. (a) (i)
8
( x + 3) + c
4
(ii) ( x 2 1)6 + c
4 75
2 5 20 3
1 (c) (i) ( 5) 2 + ( 5) 50
(b) (i)
15
(3x 2 15x 4) + c
5
5 3
1
1 3 ( 5) 2 + c
(ii)
12
( x 3 x 2 5) + c
4

1 13
(ii) +c
(c) (i) ln x 2 + 3 + c (2 3) 2(2
(2 3)2

(ii) 2 l x 3 66xx + 1 + c 5. (a) (i) 9 8 ln 2

2
(d) (i) cos6 3x + c 5 1
9 (ii) 12 ln 5
3 15
1 4
(ii) sin 2 x + c 3 3
8 (b) (i) ln (ii) ln
2 2
1 3 x2 1
(e) (i) e +c
2 (c) (i) (ii)
18 12
3
(ii) e x2 + c 6. e5 e 1
2
(f) (i) ln e2 3 + 4 + c (ii) ln 4 3 4 sin
si x + c 7. ln8
x 2
(g) (i) 4 ta 4 2 x + c (ii) 4 sec6 + 8. ( x 2)
3/2
4 ( x 2)
1/ 2
+c
4 3

Cambridge University Press 2012 Answers 895

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9. (b) ln | | +c 2
9. (b) cos3 x + cos x + c
1 3
10. tan ( ln(x 2 )) + c 10. 4
4
1 10 5 1
11. +c 11. (b) (i) z 5 z 3 10 z +
4 sin 4 x z z3 z5
12. 2 3 2 (ii) a , b = 5, c = 10
1 1 1 1
(c) cos5 2 x + cos3 2 x cos 2 x + c
16 10 3 2
Exercise 19C
1
1. (a) sec 3x + c (b) cot x + c
3 Exercise 19D
1
(c) cos 4 x + c
4 1. (a) (i)
1
2
arctan ( 2x )
1
(d) ( 33 2 + 2 )+c
2 (ii)
1
5
arctan ( 5x )
(e) sin x + cos
c x+c
1
1 1 5 1
(b) (i) arcsin 3x + c
2. (a) sin3 x s x + c (b)
sin sin x + c 3
3 5 sin x 1
1 1 (ii) arcsin 2 x + c
(c) ecos 2 x + c (d) tan5 3x + c 2
4 15
x
1 (c) (i) 3 arctan + c
(e) 1 + cos 4 x + c 3
4
x
(ii) 10 arctan +c
1 10
3. (a) (i) x + i 2x + c
2
x
(d) (i) 2 arcsin + c
11 5
(ii) sin 6 x + x + c
26
x
x (ii) 5 arcsin + c
(b) (i) 4 tan 2x
2x + c 2
2
2. (a) (i) arctan ( x + )+c
1
(ii) tan 3x x + c
3 (ii) arctan ( x )+c
(b) (i) arcsin ( x )+c
4. (a) (i) (ii) 6 3 2
2 (ii) arcsin( )+c
9
(b) (i) 1 l 2 (ii) 1
8 x + 5
(c) (i) 6 2 arctan +c
2
5. They are all right, with different +c:
1 2 1 2 1 1 1 5 2 3
cos x + = cos 2 x + (ii) arcsin +c
2
sin x
2 2 4 4 2 3

1 3 2x 3.
6. x sin + c 2
2 4 3
4. (a) 2 ( x 1) + 9
2

1 2
7. (b) ln | secc | +c
tan x ln 2 ( x 1)
8. 3
2 (b) 1 arctan +c
2 3

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 Exercise 19F
5. (a) 22 3 ( x 1)
2

1 1
3 1. (a) (i) 2 + cos
x in 2x 2x + c
cos 2x
(b) 2 4
9 x x
(ii) 2 x cos + 4 sin +c
7. 2 2
12 (b) (i) 2 xe 2 + e 2 x + c
Exercise 19E 1 1
(ii) xe 4 x e 4 x + c
4 16
1 1
1. (a)
6
(2x 3)3 + c (b) ln 2 5x + c
5
1
(c) (i) x 2 l x x 2 + c
2
5
2. (a) ln ( x 2 + 6) + 1 2 1
(ii) x l x x 2 + c
2 2 4
1 x 1 2
arctan + c (d) (i) x sin 3x +
6 6 3
x 2
(b) 4 2
3 arcsin + c x 3x
2 9
2
(c) 4 l x 2 88xx + 25 sin 3x + c
27
x + 4 (ii) x 2 s x + 2 x sin x
3 arctan +c
3 + 2 cos x + c
x x x
(d) x 2 + 6 x 7 (e) x 2 e 4 8 xe 4 32e 4 + c
x 3 ln x 1
2 arcsin +c
2
(f) +c
2x 2 4 x 2
(g) x ( ln x ) 2 x ln
2
3. (a) (i) x l x + 2 + c (ii) 2 x 5 l x 1 + c l x+
2x + c
1 2 1 2
(b) (i) x + 3x
3x + (ii) x 3x
3x +
2 2 2. (a) x arctan x
11ln x 3 + c 14 ln x + 5 + c 1
ln ( + x ) + c
5 2
(c) x + l x 2 + 3
2 (b) x ln( x ) x +
2 x 1
arctan + c ln( x ) + c
3 3 2
1
4. (a)
1

1
(b) ln
x 2
+c 3. (a) 1 (b) (1 l 2)
x+3 2 2
x 2 x+3
1
5.
(c) (1 l 2)
2
4 4. No answers required
2 2 2 2
6. (a) + (b) 8 5. xe 3 e 3 x + c
x +1 1 x 3 9
6
7. 4 1 x 2 + 5 i x+c 5 1
6.
36
8. (a) 2 ( x 2) + 9
2
7. (a) Proof
1 9 (b) x t n x lln
n | sec x | +c
(b) ln | ( 2)
2
|+
2 2
8. 0.360 [7]
2 ( x 2)
2 2 arctan +c 9. e2 + 1
3
Cambridge University Press 2012 Answers 897
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Mixed examination practice 19 2. (a) x + c (b) ln | sin x + coss | +c

Short questions (c)

1
2
(
x x+ x +c )
1
3. (a) (1 + 2 ) (c) 1
2
1.
2 1 1 3
4. (c) (i) sin 4a + sin
si 2a + a
32 4 8
1 1
2. 2 + ccos
x in 2x 2x + c
os 2x (ii) 2.96
2 4
3. 6.36
Chapter 20
3
4.
4 Exercise 20A
1
5. (a) ln 1 3x + c
3 1. (a) (i) 144 x 3 (ii) 6 2 ( 3
1)
1
(b) ( + ) + c
1 (b) (i) 6 i ( ) (ii) 2 x 2
( x 2 1)
2 2. (a) (i) 50 (ii) 12
6. x ln x x + c
(b) (i) 6 (ii) 1
e 2 x 1
7. (a) (c) (i) (ii) 2
e 2 x + 3 3
1 1 3. (a) (i) 45 (ii) 176
(b) ln 2 x +c (b) (i) 0.24 (ii) 0.006 67
2 e +3
4. 113 cm2s1
x
8. 3l | 2
4 | + 2 arctan + c
2 5. 2 cms1
7 6. 2 cms1
9. (b) ln
4
7. 8.92 cm
(
10. ln ln x + c ) 8. 19.1 kmh1
3/2 1/ 2
81 1
11. x 1 8 x 1 +c Exercise 20B

3 2 2
1. (a) (i) v = 8e 2t , a = 16e 2t
7 (ii) v = 6e3t , a = 18e3t
12. 3 3 ln
4 5 t 5 t
(b) (i) v = cos , a = sin
1 2 2 4 2
13. x arctan x lln | x | +c
2 (ii) v 6 sin(2t ), a 12 (2t )
e 1
14. 1 1 4
e +1 2. (a) (i) t 3 t (ii) t t
2 8
1 1
(b) (i) 2 2e t (ii) t + e2t
Long questions 2 2
t + 2
(c) (i) 3 ln (ii) 3 l ( 1)
1. (a) A = 2 B = 2 2
4 3 3. (a) (i) 1.73 (ii) 3.16
(b) 2l | 2 | ln | 2
1| + (c)
3 2 (b) (i) 2.22 (ii) 0.746
arctan x + c
(c) (i) 3.23 (ii) 7.06

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 2 9 2. (a) 210 x 2 x 2 (b) x 52 5 y = 105
4. (a) (i) (ii)
81 2
3. (a) x (12 2 x )
2
(b) x=2
6 10
(b) (i) (ii) 60e 3
125 4. 48
t2 1
6. (a) (b) ln(26) = 1.63 (3SF) 2 3 8
(t 2 + 1)2 2 5. 3 , 3
7. 10.3 m
8. (a) 13.6 m (b) 16.4 m 6. (a) (i) ( ,sin x ) (ii) ( )sin x
9. (c) 1.12
6 25
10. 0.0733 7. 889.5 cm3

11. (a) 1.04 ms1 (b) 0.319 ms1 8. 788.3 cm3

9. (a) 3 and 3 (b) 0 and 6

Exercise 20C
10. (b) r , h = 7.86
18
1. (a) (i) 304.8 (ii) 7
7 13. 7 / 2,
2
e4 1 5 e 4
(b) (i) + e2 (ii) 4e 2
4 4 2 2
(c) (i) 2 (ii) 2
Mixed examination practice 20
2. (a) (i) 101 (ii) 134
(b) (i) 12.6 (ii) 45.7
(c) (i) 3.59 (ii) 0.771 Short questions
a5
3. 19.0 1.
30
4.
2. (a) 6.25 m (b) 14.25 m
5. ( )
h 3. x = y = 4
6. (a) (i) y = x h
r 4. 20.9 cm
7. 7.17
5. (a) 0.169 (b)
243
8.
10
v
4
9. 3
3
10. 1.02

11. (a) (1, 4 ) , (9,12) (b) 154

4
t
12. (a) ( , 3) , (4,19) (b) 630
2
5 3 v = 3et (cos t sin t)
13.
6

Exercise 20D
49
1. (a) (i) 2 (ii) 1 2
12 6. (a) 100h h (c) k = 6
2
(b) (i) 2 3 (ii) 4 2 7. 240 km/h
8 2
(c) (i) 4 2 (ii) 8. (b)
3 3

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Long questions Chapter 21
1. (a) (i) 4x
(ii) 2y
y
Exercise 21A
(b) 2 (d) 44.0%
2 1. (a) Discrete (b) Discrete
2. (a) ( ,12) and ( .5, 3.75) (b) 10.125 (c) Continuous (d) Continuous
(e) Discrete (f) Discrete
45
(c) (i) (9 2 x 2 ) dx
2
(ii) 773 2. (a) Only shoppers opinions found.
0
(b) Truants would not be there.
(c) People who partake in internet surveys may
5
3. (b) not be representative.
2 (d) If you live in a big household your chances of
4. (b) (i) 0.5 ms2 (ii) 3( 1) ln(
l ( 1) 3t being sampled are lower than if you live by
(iii) 17.3 m yourself.
(c) (i) 3.49 (ii) 8 ms1
(iii) 7.47 s Exercise 21B
5. (b) h t (c) 25 6t 1. (a) (i) 7.23 (ii) 6.57
(d) 13cms1 (b) (i) 11.1 (ii) 35.3
e +1 56 68
6. (b) 2. (i) (ii)
2 5 3
d2v
7. (a) 6 ms1 2 = 1, hence local maximum 3. (a) 12 (b) 2.92
dt
(b) 0.445 ms2 4. 18
1 3 3 2 3
(c) s A t + t t, 5. 4.96
6 2 2
6. 11.7
s B = 5e0 2t
(d) (i) 7. 118 888.2

y Exercise 21C
2 28
1. (a) x 1, sn = (b) x 0, sn =
15 5
sB 2. (a) x 12.1, sn = 1.90
(b) x 0 263, sn = 0.137
3. (a) 17, 21 (b) 17, 20
sA (c) 16.5, 20.5 (d) 16, 20
4. (a) (i) x 26 1, sn = 20 4 (ii) x 253, sn = 151
(b) (i) x 6.38, sn = 5.23
x

answer hint (4)

(ii) 1.95, 7.81
the first group starts
8. (b) (ii) 7.69 km at 0, not 0.5!
9 3
9. (a) (i) AX = , BX =
sin cos (ii) x 102, sn = 5.78
(ii) 8 3 (c) (i) x 6.58, sn = 5.11 (ii) x 15.3, sn = 9.85
(b) 8 3

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5. (a) 1.5 (b) 1.84 1 3
(b) (i) (ii)
3 5
6. p 45 q = 5 d p 10 q = 40
3 2
(c) (i) (ii)
5 3
Mixed examination practice 21 (d) (i) 0 (ii) 1
2
4
(e) (i) (ii)
15 5
Short questions
2 11
(f) (i) (ii)
1. (a) 4.08 (b) 2.97 5 15
(g) (i) 0 (ii) 0
2. (a) x = 6, y = 4 (b) 1367
79 390 5 11
3. , 5. (a) (b)
400 400 36 18
1 7
4. 2 k (c) (d)
6 36
1 7
Long questions (e)
3
(f)
18
1 19
1. (a) 11 (b) 8,5,4 6. (a) (b)
(c) 11.8 8 32
5 7
2. (a) The first group starts at 39.5 (c) (d)
32 32
(b) 18, 6, 0, 1 7
(c) 53.7, 8.50 1
(e) (f)
16 2
(d) Natural variation
7. 115
a b
3. (a) (c) 1.25, 0.433
a b 8. 5
108
Chapter 22
Exercise 22B
Exercise 22A
1. (a) (i) 0.5 (ii) 1
1. (a) 1,2,3,4,5,6 1
(b) RED, RDE, ERD, EDR, DRE, DER (b) (i) (ii) 0.05
6
(c) BBB, BBG, BGB, GBB, BGG, GBG, GGB, GGB 4
(d) 1,2,3,4 (c) (i) (ii) 0.2
1 15
1
2. (a) (i) (ii) (d) (i) 0.7 (ii) 0.11
2 4 7
2. (a) (i) (ii) all (100%)
1 4 20 7
(b) (i) (ii)
13 13 (b) (i) 27.5% (ii)
30
9 1 (c) (i) 55% (ii) 18.3%
(c) (i) (ii)
26 13 3. (a) P(x > 4) (b) P( y 3)
3 9 (c) O (d) P(a R)
(d) (i) (ii)
4 13
(e) P(fruit) (f) P(apple)
25 11
(e) (i) (ii) (g) P( l iple f ) (h) P(rectangle)
52 13
5 3 (i) P(blue) (j) P(blue
bl red
d)
(f) (i) (ii) 4. 5%
26 13
2 1 5. 0.4
3. (a) (i) (ii)
5 3 6. 0.3
7. (a) 0.166 (b) 0.041

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Exercise 22C Exercise 22F
1. (a) (i) 0.12 (ii) 0 1. (a) P(prime odd)
(b) (i) 0.24 (ii) 0.24 (b) P(Senegal Taiwan)
13 3 (c) P ( |IB)
(c) (i) (ii)
20 4 (d) P ( | ed )
|r
2. 0.165
1 (e) P(lives in Munich | German)
3.
6
(f) P(not black not white)
4. (a)
19
27
(b)
25
27
(g) P ( |not cabbage )
5. 0.048 (h) P (red|red blue )

6. 0.627 2 15
2. (a) (i) (ii)
3 28
7. 15 or 21
5 5
(b) (i) (ii)
14 6
Exercise 22D 1
1 3. (a) (i) 0.1 (b)
1. (a) (i) 0.21 (ii) 6
15 15 1 7
(b) (i) (ii) 0.556 4. (a) (b)
28 3 15
(c) (i) 0.496 (ii) 0.4 1
5.
6
(d) (i) 0.333 (ii) 0.444
2. (a) (i) Yes (ii) No
(b) (i) Yes (ii) No Exercise 22G
3. (a) 0.3 (b) 0.54 1. (a) F B

4. (a) 62.6% (b) 2.56% 29 5 13

(c) 97.4% 98

5. (a) 0.410 (b) 0.684 18

(b) 98 (c)
145
answer hint (5) 5
(d)
34
Did you consider finding
the complement?
2. (a) M E

26 32 15
6. 14/15
72

Exercise 22E 16
(b) 32 (c)
1 29
1.
8 3. (a) B C
4
2.
7 23
0 32
3. (a) 0.359 (b) 0.375 12
8 12
4. (a) 0.0476 (b) 0.119
48
1 1
5. (a) (b)
15 3 10

V
6. (a) 1.03 104 (b) 0.0102

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 (b) 0 (c) 79 12. 0.0277
3 1
(d) 16 (e) 13.
3
29 5
11
(f)
29
Mixed examination practice 22
4. (a) Dark Hair Blue Eyes
Short questions
0.5 0.2 0.2 1. 0.320
0.1
2. 0.8
2 3. 0.1111
(b) 0.1 (c)
7 1
2 4. (a) (b) 1
(d) 120
3 20
1
(e) No: P( P( ) = 0.28
) 0.. , P( ) P( 5.
3
5. (a) 0.3
(b) Cold Raining Long questions
0.3 0.3 0.15 14
1. (a) (c) 0.138
0.25
95
(d) 0.356
1 3
(c) (d) 2. (a) 0 P ( X ) 1
3 8
(e) No: P( P(( ) = 0.27
) 0.. , P( ) P (
(b) P ( A ) P B A P ( A) )
3. (a) B F

Exercise 22H 0.3 x x

1. (a) 0.621 (b) 0.839 0.5

2. (a) 0.853 (b) 0.156 (b) 0 2

3. (a) 0.45 (b) 0.205 (c) 0.2
(d) B F , 0.1
2 4
4. (a) (b) 0.1 0.2 0.2
3 5
0.5

4
5. 4
9 (e)
13
16
6.
41

7.
10 Chapter 23
11
8. 0.02 Exercise 23A
15
9. 1. (a)
47
1 w 0 1 2 3 4
10.
3
11. 0.5 1 4 6 4 1
P(W = w)
16 16 16 16 16

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 (b) 13 65
d 0 1 2 3 4 5
6. E ( ) Va ( X ) =
, Var
6 36
P(D = d ) 6 10 8 6 4 2 7. (a) p 0 5 q = 0 2 (b) 0.35
36 36 36 36 36 36 8. 40
(c) 9. (a) Profit ($) n 1 n 2n 3n
1 2 3 4 6
Probability 27 27 9 1
P( X x) 1 2 1 1 1 64 64 64 64
6 6 6 6 6 (b) $0.82
(d)
g 1 2 3 Exercise 23C
6 36 30 1. (a) (i) 0.147 (ii) 0.0459
P(G g)
27 72 72 (b) (i) 0.944 (ii) 0.797

(e) (c) (i) 0.0563 (ii) 0.0104

c 1 2 3 4 (d) (i) 0.990 (ii) 0.797

C c 1 3 9 27 (e) (i) 0.203 (ii) 0.832

4 16 64 64 (f) (i) 0.0562 (ii) 0.776
(f) 5 1
2. (a) (i) (ii)
x 1 2 3 4 6 8 9 12 16 32 32
31 6
P( X x) 1 2 2 3 2 2 1 2 1 (b) (i) (ii)
32 32
16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16
1 26
(c) (i) (ii)
1 32 32
2. (a) (i) (ii) 0
3. (a) (i) E ( X ) 0, ( X ) = 3
8
1 12
(b) (i) (ii)
10 25 (ii) E ( ) 8, ( X ) = 2
9 1
(c) (i) (ii) (b) (i) E ( X ) .5, ( X ) = 1 77
10 10
3. 0.207 (ii) E ( X ) 7, ( X ) = 2.13
n 1 n 1
Exercise 23B (c) (i) E ( X ) = , ( X ) =
n n
1. (a) (i) E ( ) , med
med
d Va ( X ) = 1
, Var 2 (n 2)
(ii) E ( X ) , (X) =
(ii) E( ) 9, med
med Va ( X ) = 4.2
d 9, Var n

(b) (i) E( ) .57, med

med V ( X ) = 0.388
d 3, Va
Var 4. (a) 0.238
(b) 0.181
(ii) E( ) 3, med
med V (X) = 2
d 2.5, Va
Var (c) 0.5
2. (b) 4.4 5. (a) Probability is not constant (effectively
40 sampling without replacement)
3. k = , med = 3.5
3 (b) 0.103
32 6. (a) 2700 (b) 30
4. (b)
18
1 7. (a) 0.0231 (b) 2
5. (a) (b) 2 (c) 1.22 (d) 0.0273
10

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8. (a) 0.108 13. 0.430
(b) 0.0267
14. (a) 0.161, 0.0614 (b) 2 76 10 6
(c) The probability that a person going to the
(c) There are other ways to get 42 emails in a
doctor has the virus is the same as for the
week than 6 every day.
whole country.
OR 15. (a) 0.475 (b) 1
Doctors patients have colds independently (c) 0.00413
of their chance of visiting. 16. (a) 0.273 (b) 0.143
(c) 201
9. (a) 4.8 (b) 5
17. (a) 0.219 (b) 4
10. The second one (0.0165>0.0154) (c) 2.8 (d) 7
2
11. (a) ( 2
) 0 6n 18. 1 3
9
(b) 10 19. (b) 7

12. p 0 56 n = 30
13. 0.14 or 0.20
Mixed examination practice 23
2
14. p = , n = 18 Short questions
3
15. 0.560 or 0.891
1 4 1. 0.261
16. or
5 5 2. 55
Exercise 23D 3. (a) 4.8 (b) 0.0834
4. (a) 0.175 (b) 0.0195
1. (a) (i) Po(36) (ii) Po(9)
(b) (i) Po(2.4) (ii) Po(120) 5. (a) 0.232 (b) 0.894
(c) (i) B(10,0.04) (ii) B(20,0.96) (c) 0.096
(d) (i) Po(3.6) (ii) Po(48)
6. (a) 0.0412 (b) 2.41 105
2. (a) (i) 0.180 (ii) 0.271
(b) (i) 0.946 (ii) 0.592 7. (a) 0.0296 (b) 5.02 104
(c) (i) 0.201 (ii) 0.729 8. (a) 1.19 (b) 0.259, 2.54
(d) (i) 0.933 (ii) 0.981 (c) w = 1
(e) (i) 0.215 (ii) 0.525
9. (a) 15 (b) 0.273
3. 10. (a) 0.804
x 0 1 2 3 4 >4
P(X = x) 0.183 0.311 0.264 0.150 0.0636 0.0296 Long questions
4. 0.0116 1. (a) 2.5 (b) 0.0162
(c) 0.756 (d) 2
5. (a) 0.0595 (b) 0.0548 (e) It is constant, and equal to 0.25.
6. (a) 2.5 (b) 0.0821 2. (a) 0.362 (b) 0.279
7. (a) 0.298 (b) 0.973 (c) 0.659 (d) 0.0464
(e) 1.68 106 litres (f) 0.247
8. (a) 0.616 (b) 0.351 (g) 0.641
(c) 0.825 (d) 0.570 3. (a) 0.460 (b) 1 ( .95)n
9. (a) 0.189 (b) 0.372 (c) 32
5 25
10. (a) 0.0537 (b) 0.321 4. (a) (i) (ii)
36 216
11. (a) 0.511 (b) 0.0935 2n 2
1 5
(iii)
12. (a) m = 4.5914 (b) 0.270 6 6

Cambridge University Press 2012 Answers 905

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 2( )
5
(c) (d) 0.432 k

11 7. (a) b = ek (b) a =
ek + 1
5. (a) (i) 0.547 (ii) 0.0894 8. 0.560
(b) 3
1 1
6. (a) (i) (ii) Exercise 24B
9 81
(b) (i) 0.113 (ii) 0.444 1.
(c) (ii) E(X) Median Mode Var(X)
x 1 2 3 4 5 6 (a) (i) 1 0.293 0 1
P(x = x) 1 15 65 175 369 671 3 18
1296 1296 1296 1296 1296 1296 (a) (ii) 8 8 8 8
(iii) 5.24 3 9

7. (a) (i) 0.214 (ii) 0.190 (b) (i) 3.91 10 1 6.22

(b) (i) 0.209 (ii) 0.818
(c) (i) 0.322 (b) (ii) 1.39 4 1 0.0782
3
Chapter24 (c) (i) 0.571 0 0.0142
6
Exercise 24A
(c) (ii) 0.386 0.405 ln 2 0.0391
4 3
1. (a) (i) (ii) (d) (i) 1.5 1.26 1 0.75
65 14
(d) (ii) 1.33 1.19 1 0.222
2
(b) (i) (ii) 1.3
3
2. (a) (i) 1.21 (ii) 11
(c) (i)0.797 (ii) 0.210, 1.38
1 5 (b) (i) 2.82 (ii) 4.18
(d) (i) (ii) 0.582
2 3. (a) 1.44 (b) 2
1 5 3
(e) (i) 2 (ii) 4. (a) (b) 7.65
2 973
(f) (i) 0.418 (ii) 0.754 1
5. (b)
1 2 k
(g) (i) 3 4 (ii) 5
3 6. (b)
3
(h) (i) 51 100 (ii) 0.277
(i) (i) No such k (ii) 0 7. 0

2. (a) (i) 0.48 (ii) 0.75

Exercise 24C
3 2
(b) (i) (ii) 0.5
2 1. (a) (i) 0.885 (ii) 0.212
(c) (i) 0.301 (ii) 0.477 (b) (i) 0.401 (ii) 0.878
(c) (i) 0.743 (ii) 0.191
3. (a) (i) 0.632 (ii) 0.949
(d) (i) 0.807 (ii) 0.748
(b) (i) 1.26 (ii) 2.83
(e) (i) 0.997 (ii) 0.055
(c) (i) 0.4 (ii) 3.5
2. (a) (i) 0.5 (ii) 1
4. (a) 0.0968
(b) (i) 1.67 (ii) 0.4
(b) 370
3. (a) (i) P(Z < 1.6) (ii) P(Z < 1.28)
5. e6
(b) (i) P(Z 0.68) (ii) P(Z 2.96)
6. 0.399

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 (c) (i) P(1.4 < Z < 0.2) 13. 0
(ii) P(2.36 Z 0.2) 14. (a) 0.0853, (b) 1.46 kN
4. (a) 1.16 (b) 0.123 15. Z = + (x) 1

5. (a) 0.278
(b) (i) 0.127 (ii) 0.334
Mixed examination
6. 1547
practice 24
7. (a) 0.160 (b) 0.171 Short questions
(c) 0.727
1. (a) 2 (b) 0.0556
8. (a) 0.707 (b) 0.663
2. (a) 6.68% (b) 62
9. (a) 67.3% (b) 0.314
3. 31.4, 4.52
10. (a) 0.952 (b) 0.838
3 1
11. (a) 0.841 (b) 0.811 4. a , b=
32 32
12. 0.639 5. 0.149
13. 0.0228
14. 1 k Long questions
1. (a) 0.0192 (b) 3, 1
Exercise 24D
(c) 0.1808 (d) 1.10
1. (a) (i) 19.9 (ii) 13.3 e 1 1
2. (b) + e 4 e2
4
(b) 32.4 (ii) 37.3
e e e2
(c) 2.34 (ii) 4.44 (c) 1, 1 + (d) 0.0290
2 3 4
2. (a) (i) 0.32 (ii) 7.32 (e) 0.0243 (f) 0.179
(b) (i) 43.4 (ii) 15.3 1 2
12 0
3. (a) (i) E( ) ( ) dx
3. (a) (i) 8.91, 2.27 (ii) 148, 111
56
(ii)
(b) (i) 0.200, 1.19 (ii) 870, 202 45
4. 141 8
(b) (ii) 8 40 (c)
3
5. 3.61 kg 4. (a) 953 Pesos (b) 0.0578
6. 1.97 cm
answer hint (4)
7. (a) 1.29 mm, 0.554 mm
If you got 0.0577
(b) 1.36 mm, 0.764 mm for (b) you probably
8. 1.18 hours used a rounded value
for your standard
9. (a) 0.691 (b) 39.7 deviation. This would
(c) 0.240 cost you a mark!
10. 99.7%
(c) 0.193 (d) 0.784
11. 11.2
(e) Probably skewed
12. (a) 1 (b) 1.48

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 8
Chapter 25 10.
3
e
Exercise 25F 11.
24
7. N = 7 1 + 1 + 8k
12. n =
2
Mixed examination practice 25
13. Translation by 2
1
Short questions

6. 0 14.. cos5 cos 4 sin

i 10cos3 sin2

Long questions 10i 2

+5
3
i 4 + i sin5
1 0
15. (a) (b) lnk
1. (c) 2 2 , 3 k
4
1 3 1 3 1023
(d) 1 + i, + i , 16. (a) (b) 45 ln 2
2 2 512
1 3

3 1
+ i 17. (a) (b) ei
2 2 2 2


3 (b) 12 (c) e
2
sin x
Chapter 26 18. x sin x (cos x ln x + )
x

Short questions d2 y
20. (a) = 2 e xx (b) = 6,1
dx 2
5 21. 5.10
1.
36
2. 4 3
22.
64
3.
l 23. (b) cx2 + bx + a = 0

24. (a) ,b = 5 (b) x = 6,1, 1, 4
x
25. x = 1.61
26. 0.618 < x < 1.62

3 b=8 27. 13
4. a=
256 r 1
1 5
29. f =
5.
1 3
x x2 + c 6 6
3
30. ln2
6. a (r n )
31. (a) 2 sin Bx cos Ax
n(r 1)
1 1
7. a , b = 1 or a ,b=3 (b) cos 2x
2 cos
c 8x
4 16
8. 1.02 1.57 or
32. 2l 3
2.59 3.14 9 3
1
9. 33. (a) x = siny (b) cosy
2

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 52. (a) ( y , x ) (b) y f 1 ( x )

34. (b) , 2
6 53. (a) y
35. (a) = 2
(b) 4 cos2
1
x 3 3 x
36. (a) ln (b)
x 1 ex 1 1
2
38. (a) e +
2
(b) 2 (b) 2
x 2 + ( y 1)
2
39. (a) 1 ekx + c 54. (a)
k
(b) Im
1 x 3 x
(c) e i 3x e c 3x + c
10 10
i
40. (a) Vertical stretch, scale factor 2
(b) Vertical stretch, scale factor log10 e Re
1
1 dyy
41. (a)
y dx
1
(b) 4 l x l (2 + 5x ) ln l ( x 2 + 1)
2 1 2 5
55. e 2e
2e +
2 2
(c) 4 5 + x x4
x 2 5x x + 1 (2 5x ) x 2 + 1
2 56. 3,11
1 xn
57. (a)
42. (a) 1 1 x
(1 )
2 58. 0,n

(b) ln2 + i 59. (a) 5 + 5i (b)
4 4
1 (c)
43. 4
5 sin 2
1 60. (a) Re = 0, lm=
44. 1 cos 2
3 3
( 5 ) cos n arctan 12
n
62. (a)
46. (b) 0

47.

n
1 cos 63. (b) k x n k k
h
k =0
48.. 4n
1 3
64.
49. (a) d = 2
2
1 1 1
(b) a ,b = , c = Long questions
2 2
y y2 4 1+ 3
1. (b) (i)
50. (a) x = ln 3
2
2+ 3
(ii)
2 1 2 +1 3
51. (a) z = +i
2 2 (c) 8.08
2 1 2 +1 1 4
(b) w = i +i 2. (a) (b)
2 2 5 25

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 16 4 9. (a) y
(c) (e)
125 9
4
(f)
5
3. (a) No (b) 6 x
1
(c) 7

4. (a) ( ( )n ( s
(cos )
(b) e
1 1
(b) ei (c) 0 < k < e
2
1 10. (b) 2 ( x a ) g ( x ) + ( x a ) g ( x ) + m
2
(c)
1
1 + ei
2
(d) f (a ) = 0, f (a ) = 0
2 sec2 x
5. (a) 2 cos 2x
1 6 5
6. (a) cos x < 1 for 0 < x < (c) 11. (b) (c)
3 17 21
(d) 0.443
7. (a) z 5 z 3 10z 10z
10 z 1
5z 3
z 5
12. (a) ei if e2i < 1
24 1 e2i
(c)
45 2 3 4 5
(c) = , , , ,
1 6 6 6 6 6
8. (a) (b) k = 1
3 14. (c) ln2
(d) 0.095

910 Answers Cambridge University Press 2012

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