Formules de trigonométrie circulaire

(cos t)2 + (sin t)2 = 1.

cos(a + b) = cos a cos b − sin a sin b,

cos(a − b) = cos a cos b + sin a sin b,
sin(a + b) = sin a cos b + cos a sin b,
sin(a − b) = sin a cos b − cos a sin b,
tan a + tanb
tan(a + b) = ,
1 − tan a tan b
tan a − tanb
tan(a − b) = .
1 + tan a tan b
cos(2a) = (cos a)2 − (sin a)2 = 2(cos a)2 − 1 = 1 − 2(sin a)2 ,
sin(2a) = 2 sin a cos a,
2 tan a
tan(2a) = .
1 − (tan a)2
cos(2a) + 1
(cos a)2 = ,
2
1 − cos(2a)
(sin a)2 = .
2
1 − u2
En posant u = tan( 2t ), cos t =
1 + u2
2u
sin t =
1 + u2
2u
tan t = .
1 − u2
2 cos a. cos b = cos(a + b) + cos(a − b),
2 sin a. sin b = cos(a − b) − cos(a + b),
2 sin a. cos b = sin(a + b) + sin(a − b).
p+q p−q
cos p + cos q = 2 cos cos ,
2 2
p+q p−q
cos p − cos q = −2 sin sin ,
2 2
p+q p−q
sin p + sin q = 2 sin cos ,
2 2
p−q p+q
sin p − sin q = 2 sin cos .
2 2
d(sin x)
= cos x,
dx
d(cos x)
= − sin x,
dx
d(tan x) 1
= 1 + (tan x)2 = .
dx (cos x)2

1
Formules de trigonométrie hyperbolique
et + e−t et − e−t
ch(t) = , sh(t) = .
2 2
ch(t) + sh(t) = et ,
ch(t) − sh(t) = e−t .

(ch(t))2 − (sh(t))2 = 1.

ch(a + b) = ch(a)ch(b) + sh(a)sh(b), 

sh(a + b) = sh(a)ch(b) + ch(a)sh(b), Ces relations sont hors programme.
2 ch(2a) + 1 2 ch(2a) − 1 
(ch(a)) = et (sh(a)) = . 
2 2
d(sh(x))
= ch(x),
dx
d(ch(x))
= sh(x),
dx
d(th(x)) 1
= 1 − (th(x))2 = .
dx (ch(x))2

Applications réciproques
d(Asin(t)) 1
Asin : [−1, 1] −→ [− π2 , π2 ]. =√ .
dt 1 − t2
d(Acos(t)) −1
Acos : [−1, 1] −→ [0, π]. =√ .
dt 1 − t2
d(Atan(t)) 1
Atan : R −→] − π2 , π2 [. = .
dt 1 + t2

La suite est hors programme.

√ d(Argsh(t)) 1
Argsh : R −→ R. Argsh(x) = ln(x + 1 + x2 ). =√ .
dt 1 + t2
√ d(Argch(t)) 1
Argch : [1, +∞[−→ R+ . Argch(x) = ln(x + x2 − 1). =√ .
dt t2 − 1
1 1+x d(Argth(t)) 1
Argth :] − 1, 1[−→ R. Argth(x) = ln . = .
2 1−x dt 1 − t2