DE~ tN~,-JoSE HAR'A ~OT~ FL{)R'Cs

-- l .3 'f'ro17 ~e jC[_j~ s +rs CCCJ..-S ~ A Le_A q.J(),_3- ~----:4~6:--U-~_~é) s ____ _

~56 CAPITULO 7 ALOUENOS l. ESTRUCTURA Y :REPARAClON
~~~~~~~~~~~---'-~~~____..:q~bb--3:3 ,..,.~e~~gs

Ü<!nsid:id
P.f., P.e., relativa
"
'Nombre Fórmula ºC ºC (a 20ºC)

CH 4 r - 183 -rl62
>Metano ..,...;-72
CH 1 CH3 88.5
:Etano
....... "' ', CH 3 CH 2CH1 - 187 42
~•Propano
CH 1(CH2hCH3 --·---· ·~--- _ ... -----. - 138 . ~.'o
·n~Butano ~
.;;~:;:f..
: n~Pentano-
. CH 3 (CH 2 )3CH1 - 130 36 0.'526
c~ ri~Hexano CH 3 (CH 2).CH 3 95 69 .659
CH 3 (CHi)sCH1 90.5 98 .684
Xri~Heptano
CH 1(CH 2)6CH1 57 126 ,703
}n~Octano
CH 3 (CH 2)-,CH1 54 '
151 .718.
~.in Nonano '
1'.;. ;.,l_.. r • •' JO 174 .730
~?~~Decano
CH 3(CH 2) 8 CH3
CH1(CH 2 ) 9 CH3 26 196 .740
-::11-Undecano
·.;_ .·
n~ Dodecano
...~· .... . .
~::tt-Tridecano
CH 3(CH2)10CH 3
CH1(CH2)11CH1
"l.
·.-. 6
10 216
234
.749·
..757
tl;:'.-.
::;::, ¡,-Tetradecano CH1(CH;2h'~CH3_. i· .! .:''.;;.' ; l~.5
2.52 .764
fhi.Péntadecano CH1CCH~)~ 3 tzHj-: ·. 266 .769
.! 'n~:foxadecano cf-i;(cli~)1'4ci-I3·: · 18 280 .775
~--~~Heptadecano CH3(CH2)~'.SCH 3 · 22 292
(o-filOctadecano CH3(CH 2 ) 16 CH1· ,> 28 308
~':ii~Nonadecano . CH1 (CH 2 ) 1 ..,ci-j{ . 32 . 320
• ~~~i~osano CH 3 (<;::H2) 18 CHf 36
~.<:(,;~,
l',.:pqb~tano (CH 3 )zC~CH 3 ; ¡. - 159 12
,620
·-
fi. J,$opentano (CH3)2CHCH2CH3 . - 160 28
~ . }Qeopentano (CH 3 )~C ; ' j ~-' , - · 17 9.5
~<-~6hexano (OtJ: 3):iCH(CH 2 ) 2CH1 - 154 60 ,654
- i 13 63 ,(176
:_ ·~:;;~et~lpentano CH3 CH2 CH(Cl:l1)CH2 CHJ
~ -:.t-2-Dim~tilbutano (CH 3 )JCCH 2 CH 3 . - 98 50 .649
• 1 .' :iJ,.Oimetílbµtano (CH 1 )zCH~H(CH3h - 129 58 .668

lit:-;--~;;{' . • c.:_:_: .·...

--· -·- - --- *""!'!'

- -·- ~· ----.
-·--·---------~--...---------
i .

~·':..-¡· ' ' Tabla 7.2 ALQUÉÑos

~?iJ;~;; ; '- .,

iH Nombce . ~.Fó_rmula
.:CH.2.==Cii''.'' ...
- P.[,
. -ºC

- -169 -102-
P.e.,
ºC·
. ., íl :· ....
Densidad relativa
(a 20 ºC)

2
CHi~HCtl;-: _
· Cff2 .....:..cHCH 2 CHj ~
_._.____
- -185
, ..
48
6:5 J
CH 2 =CH(CH 2 ) 2 CH_, 30 O.&B
CH 2 ~H(CH 2 hCH3 -133-- 63.5 ,675
CH 2 =CH(CH 2 ) 4 CH 3 _ -119 93-:· .698
CH 2 . CH(C~ 2} 5 CH) --- -104 122.5 .716
CH~_:_CH(CH2)6CH3 146 ~ 731
CH 2 =CH(CH 2 ).,GH 3 - 87 171 ,743

ciS-CH 3 CH=CHCH 3 -139 4 o.6 l

t rans-C f-I 3 C I:! =CH CH 3 -106 1 Q.(;0
CH 2 =C(CH3)z_ -141 7 (;.51
cis-CH3 CH=.-oc-cCHCH2CH J - l..S• 31 ü ,.655
rrans-CH 3 CH=CHCI f 2 CI [ 3 36 .64'1
CH z=CHCIHCfi 3 )i._ -13..5 2.5 648
~-:HJCH=C:::(CH))?. -123 39 .660
( <.~H ,) 2 C=<C(tH 3 )z. - 74 73 ,705