Ç Å tkfjr[o{ ih eh |fsj..

Å
;G s/ tvk
;fsr[o{ BkBe[HHH`
gq'H fJzdo f;zx xZrk
(fJzNo B?;aBb f;Zy fw;aBoh)

gqekPe
cfsj gpbhe/PBI
91^ftfdnk Bro, ;kjwD/ gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh,
gfNnkbk (gzikp). w'pH L 98144^55582
 ;G s/ tvk ;fsr[o[ BkBe[HHH`

gq'H fJzdo f;zx xZrk

(fJzNo B?;aBb f;Zy fw;aBoh)
(w'pH 98551^51699)

© ;G jZe b/ye d/ okyt/A jB

ezfgT{No NkJhfgzr
ewb ezfgT{No,
;kjwD/ gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh, gfNnkbk.

Skge
v?c'fvb fgqzfNzr gq?;
fJzv;Noh J/ohnk
gfNnkbk.

w[Zb L 10 o[g?

gfjbh n?vh;aB i{B 2007

feskpK, feskpu/ ns/ ;hHvhH gqkgs eoB bJh gsk

gqekPe
cfsj gpbhe/PBI
91^ftfdnk Bro, ;kjwD/ gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh,
gfNnkbk (gzikp). w'pH L 98144^55582
 ;G s/ tvk ;fsr[o[ BkBe[HHHHH`

nekb g[oy tkfjr[o{ ih B/ feogk eoe/, nB/e d[ZyK ftu ftbe oj/
ihtK dh, X[o fjod/ ftu'A T[FZmh ;w{je j{e ;[De/, ;theko ehsh. ;kohnK
pyfPPK ofjwsK d/ yikB/, ns/ swkw PeshnK godkB eoe/, ;fsr[o{ BkBe
;kfjp ih ƒ Xosh s/ gqekPwkB j'D dh nkfrnk ehsh. ;fsr[o{ ih B/ fJE/ d[yh
ihtK dh ;dht efbnkD tk;s/, pj[s rzGhosk Bkb ;'u ftuko ehsh. g{o/ t?d
;fsr[o{ ih B/, o'rh ;wki ƒ no'rsk pyf;D fjs, ;dk szdo[;s ofjD d/
ekoro B[\;/ ;[MkJ/. wBZ[y, wB eoe/ ns/ sB eoe/, ;[yh ihtB pshs eo/.
Gkt/A eJh tkoh fJe wkfjo iokj dh fBnkJhA BPso tose/, o'rh dk rfbnk
;fVnk ;oho dk fjZ;k Gh eZNDk feT[A Bk g? ikt/. fJj ;[Xkotkdh f;b;bk d'
;" shj ;kb sZe fBozso ubdk fojk. feT[Afe ;wki ƒ bZr u[Ze/ o'r, pj[s
fGnkBe ;B. eohp fJe jIko ;kb s'A g[Ps do g[Ps, ;w[u
Z / ;wki ƒ, y'ybk
eo u[Ze/ ;B. fJ; bJh fJbki Gh bzw/ok ns/ pj[s n"yk ;h. g{o/ t?d ;fsr[o{
BkBe ;kfjp ih B/, fiBQK ftXhnK, YzrK Bkb wkBf;e ns/ ;ohoe o'rK dk
T[guko ehsk, n;kX o'r d{o eoe/ szdo[;sh py;h, T[jBK dh fJe fJe eoe/,
;zy/g ftuko ehsh ik ojh j?. ;fsr[o{ ih d/ ehs/ T[gekoK dh frDsh eoBh
n;zGt j?. pZ; s[ZS p[ZXh w[skpe i' u/s/ ftu nkfJnk fby fdsk. fJjBK
fbyhnK rJhnK e[M ;soK ftu ;kc ;gPN BIo nkt/rk fe ^
frnkB[ fXnkB[ feS[ eow[ Bk ikDk, ;ko B ikDk s/oh..
;G s/ tvk ;fsr[o{ BkBe[ fifB eb okyh w/oh] (750)
fJE'A d/ nkw b'eK ƒ, gow/Po d/ BK s/, Xow dk u'bk gfjB e/, ;dhnK
s'A b[ZNhdK nk fojk j?. b'eh nfrnkB t;, e{V gouko ƒ ;Zu wzBe/, rb Bkb
bkJh fcod/ jB. egbs d/th d/tfsnK dhnK w{sohnK pDtke/, fPzrko e/,
1
Xow wzdoK ftu ;Ekgs eotke/ T[jBK gZEoK dh g{ik eotkJh iKdh ojh. ;zx
gkV gkV e/ T{uh ;[o ftu j'ek fdsk frnk^ “n? b'e' fXnkB Bkb ;[D'` fJj
s[jkv/ ;Bw[y oZyh w{osh GrtkB j?, fJj s[jkvk b'e gqbe
' ;ztko/rh. PoXk
;fjs fJ; dh g{ik eo', fJ; nZr/ ehwsh G/Nk oy'HHHHH.” f;ZX/ ;kd/ b'eK
fJ; Sbkt/ ƒ, ;s puB eoe/, gqtkB eo fbnk. w{osh ƒ GrtkB ;wMe/, T[;
nZr/ ;G e[M nogD eo fdsk.
Sbhnk g[ikoh }ohpK dh y{B g;hB/ dh ;koh ewkJh vekodk
frnk. ubke g[ikohnk B/ G'b/ b'eK s'A eKtK eZ[fsnK dh, ;ZgK ;{oK dh,
nDfrDs g;{ gzShnK dh g{ik eotkJh. gZEoK gjkVK, uzd, ;{oi, Xosh, jtk,
gkDh, fd;dhnK s/ nDfd;dhnK, ;ZG' PeshnK dh g{ik eoB dk j[ew d/ fdZsk.
i'o P'o Bkb gqukfonk frnk, p; i' e[M s[jkƒ fejk frnk j? fJjh eo', fJ;/
ftu s[jkvk Gbk, ns/ ;tor b[fenk j'fJnk j?. iok rfjokJh Bkb ;'u`' wB[y
Z
r[DK eoe/ ;ko/ iht izsK Bkb'A P'qwDh j?. id'A fJj Pq'wDh wB[Zy, e[Zs/, y's/, eK
iK ;{o nZr/ jZE i'Ve/ yb'sk, fwzBsK sob/ eo fojk j't/, g[ZsoK dh dks, XB
gdkoE ns/ fIzdrh d/ ;ko/ ;[yK dh, fJjBK ihtK s'A ukjBk eo fojk j't/, eh
T[d'A T[j fJB;kB nytkT[D dk jZedko Gh ofj iKdk j? < T[j sK gP{ ihtB
s'A Gh BhtK ubk frnk, i' gP{nK nZr/ wB'ekwBktK tk;s/ sob/ eo fojk j?.
;dhnK sZe i[bw dh uow ;hwk sZe fJjh e[M Bk ;wM b'eK dh M'bh gkfJnk
frnk. epho ;kfjp ih ƒ fJ; gkg eow d/ fybkc ntki p[bzd eod/, pkDh
ftu'A ;[fDnk ik ;edk j? ^
“jw r'o{ s[w r[nko r[;kJh iBw iBw oytko/]
epj{z B gkfo T[skfo uokfJj[, e?;/ y;w jwko/]” (482)
p; fco eh ;h, wkB' r'o{ ns/ r[nkoK dh g[eko ;[D$gqtkB eoe/, “r[o{
BkBe ir wkfj gmkfJnk]” (GkLr[) ekwb r[o{, d[yhnK d/ d[yV/ joB tkb/,
2
wjkB ofjpo B/ pV/ jh fgnko Go/ sohe/ Bkb, nB/e dbhbK d/ e/, G'b/ b'eK
ƒ gP{nK gzShnK, o[ZyK fpoyK, p[ZsK s/ ntskoK tZb'A, gkyzvh ftu'fbnK tZb'A,
wB[Zy wkso ƒ w'Ve/, nekb g[oy ih d/ frnkB Bkb i'fVnk. uzrh soQK fJj
;wMk fdZsk fe ;GBK ƒ g?dk eoB tkbk, o'ih foie d/D tkbk, b'e gqb'e ftu
nB/e pyfPPK eoB tkbk s/ nzs ;w/A b/yk i'yk eoB tkbk, e/tb s/ e/tb fgsk
tkfjr[o{ j?, j'o e'Jh BjhA. T[;/ dk Bkw f;woD ehsk ikt/. T[j fe;/ dkB g[zB,
iZr j'w iK fo;ts dk G[Zyk BjhA j?. ;G/ gdkoE T[;/ B/ g?dk ehs/ jB, n;hA
T[; ƒ e[ZM Gh d/ ;eD d/ ;woE BjhA jK. p; T[;d/, fgnko ftu fGZie/, sB
wB Bkb, r[D rkJ/ ikD. ;[uZik ihtB ihftnk ikt/.
B ;[o ;f; wzvb'] B ;gs dhg Bj ib']
nzB gT[D fEo B e{Jh] J/e s{Jh J/e s{Jh] (143)
wB[Zy wkso d/ ihtB ftu gbNk nkT[Dk P[o{ j' frnk. nB/e g{ik ns/
ntskotkd dh r[bkwh trkj wkoh. ;jh wkfjfBnK ftu ;opebk ;woE
;op PeshwkB tkfjr[o{ d/ nB[nkJh pDB dh w[Ybh iku f;yk fdsh.
“;'bj ebk ;zg{oB cfbnk]
nBzs ebk j'fJ mke[o[ ufVnk” (1081)
nrbk ezw i' ;fsr[o{ ih B/ ehsk T[j fJj ;h, T{u Bhu dh bkjDs ƒ,
wB[Zysk d/ rb'A bkj[Dk. iks gks d/ ftseo/ B/ wB[Zy iksh dk pj[s B[e;kB
ehsk j?. ;fsr[o{ ih B/ roith nktki ftZu Bkjok p[bzd ehsk ^
“iksh d? fenk jfE ;u[ goyhn?]
wj{ok j't? jfE wohn? uyhn?]” (142)
fJ; d/; Gkos ftu gP{nK gzShnK ƒ g{fink iKdk j?. wzdoK d/ nzdo
pKdoK u{fjnK ;ZgK ƒ dkyb j'D dh fJikis j?. oZp d/ ikJ/ wB[Zy nytkT[Ad/
P{doK ƒ, dkyb j'D dh nkfrnk BjhA j?. ;r'A oZp dh ;zskB wB[ZyK ƒ Bcos
3
ehsh iKdh j?. iksh gksh d/ d[PNsk Go/ ftuko B/, wB[y
Z h GkJhuko/ ƒ bho' bho
eoe/ oZy fdsk. fJe pj[s tZv/ ;wki ƒ, wB[Zy wzBD s'A jh fJBeko ehsk
frnk. T[jBK dh fJZis nkpo{ sK popkd ehsh jh rJh, pbfe ;ko/ wB[Zyh
nfXeko y'j bJ/ rJ/. fiT[D d/ ;kXB jfEnk bJ/, ftZfdnk s'A tKM/ eo fdZs/
rJ/. fpBk wId{oh fdZfsnK vzv/ d/ i'o, trkoK eotkJhnK. ;dhnK s'A jh Xow
d/ BK s/, fJj x'o nfsnkuko j[zdk nk fojk j?. gfjbh tko irs r[o{ pkpk
ih B/, fJjBK d/ jZe ftu nktkI T[mkJh. epho i[bkj/, Bkwd/t ShApk, ;?D
BkJh, ;XBk e;kJh, oftdk; ih uwko s/ ;/y cohd w[;bwkB ƒ nkgD/ Bkb
pDdk :'r ;fseko sK fdsk jh, ;r'A pqkjwDk ƒ, fJjBK ny"sh BhftnK d/ Bkb,
fJZe' esko ftu fpmk fdZsk. id'A pqkjwD tb'A d[oeko/ wjKg[oyK dh oZph ouBk
ƒ nkgD/ e'b ;KfGnk, sK Bkb' Bkb gqwkBzd, okwkBzd, i?d/t ih nkfd pqkjwDK
dh pkDh, ns/ nkT[D tkb/ ;w/A ftu frnkoK GZN (pqkjwD) Gh fJjBK d/ Bkb
jh fpokiwkB j'J/. ;ko/ fJZe' gqtko d/ w?Apo, fJZe' fgsk d/ g[Zso, B/eh ns/
fwmk; tzvD tkb/. iBw iks eoe/ fe;/ ƒ tZvk S'Nk gqtkB BjhA ehsk frnk.
r[DK dh edo ehsh rJh.
;fsr[o{ ih B/ fJe Bt/eb/ ;KM/ GkJhuko/ dh BhAj oZy fdsh. fi; ftu
iks r's iK nwhoh rohph ekoB fe;/ Bkb gZygks BK ehsk ikt/. id'A fgsk
;kfonK dk fJZe j't/ sK n"bkd T[u/ Bht/ j'D dk n?bkB fet/A eo ;e/rh <
fJZe gk;/ ikpo skes s/ BP/ ftu nzB/ j' u[Ze/, w[;bwkB jkew ;B.
d{i/ pzB/ ekfJosk ftu roe j'J/ jZd doi/ d/ gkyzvh fjzd;
[ skBh ;B. d'tK fXoK
dh fJe d{i/ Bkb e'Jh ;KM BjhA ;h. fJZe ekco s/ d{i/ wb/S. fJe g{op dk
g[ikoh d{ik gZSw tZb f;idk eoB tkbk. fJe gZEo g{ie d{ik p[s fPeB.
fJe rT[ oyPe d{ik rT{ GyPe. fJe b[N/ok d{ik bZ[fNnk ikD tkbk. fJe
ikpo d{ik wib{w. nkg; ftu e'Jh ;KM BjhA, B|os jh B|os. N[N
Z / j'fJnK
4
ƒ i'VB tkb/ wjkB ;fsr[o{ ih B/, d'tK fXoK ftueko fJe g[b dk ezw ehsk.
d'tK ƒ ;fjBPhbsk dk gkm gVQkfJnk. d'tK dhnK y{phnK dh gq;z;k ehsh,
n"r[Dk fto[ZX MkVMzp ehsh. nwbh ihtB s'A ykbh, wB[Zyh ihtB iK Xow dk
ftyktk fe;/ ezw BjhA. ek|h jZd se B|os xNkJh, fjzd{ w[;bwkB ;fsr[o{
ih d/ PoXkb{ f;Zy pD/. wodkBk ih dh fJe T[xVth fw;kb gosZy j?. ;fsr[o{
ih d/ i'sh i's ;wkT[D tes d'tK fXoK B/ ftobkg ehsk. w[;bwkBk nkfynk
;kvk gho ;h, fjzd{nK fejk ;kvk r[o{ ;h. ;z;eko d/ w;b/ s/ sbyh pj[s tX
rJh. r[o{ nzrd ;kfjp ih d/ “i[rsh” toskT[D s/ d't/A fXoK B/ fJe ukdo
nZX' nZXh gkV bJh, s/ nZv' nZv sohfenK Bkb nzsw o;wK ehshnK. d'tK
fXoK B/ ;fsr[o{ ih dhnK ngZDs Bkb :kdrkoK pDkJhnK, i' nZi she
eoskog[o fty/ (gkfe;skB) w"i{d jB. d[BhnK ftu nZi sZe fJj' fijk e'Jh
wjKg[oy g?dk BjhA j'fJnk, fi;ƒ d' fto'Xh ftukoK tkb/ nkgDk ikDe/ g{iD.
fJjh sK j? ;fsr[o{ ih d/ ;G s'A tZvk j'D dk gosZy ;p{s.
“pkpk BkBe Pkj ceho. fjzd{ ek r[o{ w[;bwkB ek gho.”
d[BhnK ftu fe;/ wjKg[oy B/ goT[geko dh GktBk sfjs, fJsB/ bzw/
gouko d"o/ BjhA ehs/. ;fsr[o{ ih B/ g{o/ J/Phnk wjKdhg dk GowD eofdnK
brGr ukbh jIko feb' whNo ;|o s?j ehsk. nkgDh fIzdrh dk fpjsohB
;wK nefj s/ n;fj w[PebK MbfdnK pshs ehsk. u'oK mZrK, vke{nK
b[N/fonK s/ iotkD/ pkdPkjK ƒ, tZv/ yso/ ;j/V e/ Gh f;ZX/ okj gkT[D dk
T[geko ehsk. fpwkoh dh nt;Ek ftu wohi ƒ t?d e'b fbikfJnk iKdk j?.
nro o'rh t?d$ vkeNo e'b ikD s'A jh w[Beo j' ikt/, nkgD/ nkg ƒ wohi
wzBD s'A jh BKj eo d/t/ iK nkgD/ o'r ƒ bkfJbki wzB bt/, T[; jkbs ftu
fJbki eoBk pj[w n"yk j?. ;fsr[o{ BkBe ;kfjp, t?dK d/ wjK t?d, bkfJbki
o'rhnK ƒ szdo[;s eoB tk;s/, y[d uZbe/ T[jBK d/ do s/ rJ/. T[jBK ƒ
5
fgnko Bkb nfj;k; eotkfJnk fe s[;hA o'rh Io{o j', go o'r bkfJbki BjhA
j?. s[;hA dZ;hnK rJhnK ftXhnK okjhA fJbki eotkT[ s/ y[PhnK y/fVnK Gog{o
no'r ihtB iht'. fiZE/ fes/ Gh e'Jh wkBf;e o'rh ;h, ;fsr[o{ ih T[u/u/ isB
eoe/, T[E/ jh g[i
Z .
/ gfjbK fjzd{ shoEK dk d"ok ehsk, fco i'rhnK tZb, fjwkbk
gops s/ g[Zi/. fJe j'o fpyw :ksok wZe/ tZb dh ehsh. bzek uhB o{;, fsZps
fBgkb ns/ nop w[beK dk ftiJh gouko$goT[gekoh d"ok ehsk. fJ; soQK
;fsr[o{ ih B/, jo b'VhAdh irQk g[Zie/, nkgD/ gftZso puBk okjhA, wB[Zy wkso
ƒ ;Zu Xow d/ wkor s/ N[oB dh gq/oBk ehsh.
“;[Dh nodkf; ;[nkwh w/o? ;op ebk pfD nkJh]
gqrN GJh ;rb/ i[r nzsfo r[o BkBe eh tfvnkJh] (611)
d[BhnK ftu ;fsr[o{ BkBe ih gfjb/ wjKg[oy ;B, fizBQK n"os dh
ghVk ƒ wfj;{; ehsk. ns/ wB[Zy d/ pokpo nfXeko fdtkT[D bJh nktki
T[mkJh. gfjbK i' Gh Xkowe ofjpo ;z;ko s/ nkJ/, T[jBK Gh fe;/ Bk fe;/
o{g ftu n"os dh r[bkwh ƒ j'o gZfenK ehsk. ;dhnK s'A g?oK EZb/ fbskVh iKdh
ojh, f;;ehnK Godh ojh, ngwkB Gfonk Boeh ihtB fiT[D bJh wip{o
ehsh rJh. wB[y dh iBBh wK G?D, Xh ns/ gsBh j'D d/ pkti{d, T[;ƒ
fcNekfonk frnk. xo dh uko dhtkoh ftu e?d ehsk frnk. fBZeh pkbVh
ƒ tZvh T[wo tkb/ ftneshnK Bkb BofVnk frnk. ;sh torh ikbwkBk o;w
d[nkok gsh Bkb fuyk ftu ;V woB bJh wIp{o ehsk frnk. i/ e'Jh ;sh j'D
s'A pu jh rJh sK fIzdrh Go d{ik ftnkj eokT[D s'A toi fdZsk frnk. nDgV
oZyDh s/ gVdk eoBk, fe;/ wB[y
Z Bkb rZbpks Gh Bk eoB d/Dh. fJj ;G i[bw
fJ;soh fgzv/ s/ Mbdh ojh.
pkxD BkrD vkfJD s/ g?o dh i[Zsh se nkyD' fe;/ Pow Bk ehsh.
ikfJdkd ftu'A e'Jh fjZ;k Bk d/Dk, id'A ih ukj/ nkdwh, fe;/ e[Zs/ fpZb/
6
tKr, pKj cVe/ xo'A pkjo eZY d/t/, do do dhnK m'eoK ykD bJh. xN xN
ftZu tkfjr[o{ dk ij{o t/yD tkb/, fdnkb{ fgsk r[o{ BkBe ;kfjp fJj
nfsnkuko j[zdk t/y fet/ ykw'P ofj ;ed/ ;B < T[jBK P/o roi Bkb w[pkoe
puB T[ukoB ehsk ^
“;' feT[A wzdk nkyhn? fis izwfj okikB.” (472)
bzw/ ;w/A s'A Xow d/ Bkw j/m, gqubs j' u[ZehnK ohsK o;wK ƒ, i'odko
sohe/ o'fenk. xo dh uko dhtkoh s'A pkjo nkT[D dh fJikis fdZsh. fJ;
y[Zbh fcIk ftu ;kj b? e/, f;Zy n"osK wodK Bkb edw fwbk e/ uZbD d/ ;woE
pD ;ehnK. Bkw igD, ;/tk eoB s'A b?e/ f;Zy fJ;sohnK P;so ;ike/, x'V/
s/ ;tko j'e/, d[PwD d/ nkj{ bj[zdhnK ojhnK. wB[Zy dh nZXh npkdh (n"os)
ƒ nZr/ tXD s'A o'eD dk wsbp j? nkgDhnK iVK nkg/ tZYDhnK. GftZy ƒ
spkj eoBk, toswkB ƒ ;[nkj eoBk. wjkB ;fsr[o{ ih B/ sK gzi ;" ;kb
gfjbK ;hb ;ziw dh g[sbh, frq;s dk Ezw, fgnko s/ e'wbsk dh ;keko w{os,
tckdko ihtB ;kEh (n"os) d/ jZe ftu fJBebkph ftuko ;z;ko ;Bw[y oZy/
;B. nZi d/ ftfrnkBe :[r ftu Gh, pj[s ;ko/ Bk ;wM, ikjb b'e pkb
ezfBnktK ƒ iBw s'A Gh gfjbK esb eo d/D d/, gkg eow eo oj/ jB.
;fsr[o{ ih d/ T[gekoK bJh fJ;soh ƒ ;G s'A tX T[jBK dk XzBtkdh j'Dk
ukjhdk j?.
;/ XBtzs fd;fj xfo ikfJ] BkBe iBBh XzBh wkfJ] (1257)
Bkoh g[oy[, g[oy[ ;G Bkoh, ;G J/e' g[oy w[oko/] (983)
;fsr[o{ pkpk ih B/ tkfjr[o{ d/ Bt/A BktK ftu “eosko s/ eoskg[oy”
pj[s tkoh tos/ jB. eosko dk noE j?, f;q;Nh pDkT[D tkbk. eosk g[oy
dk wsbp j? ekfJBks pDke/ fJ; nzdo ftuoB tkbk. r[o{ BkBe ;kfjp d/
fJjBK BktK ftu'A ;kc BIo nk fojk j?, fe gow/Po ftjbk BjhA p?mk. T[j
7
f;qPNh pDk e/ ;zGkb fojk j?. oZp ih fefonkPhb jB. id'A gqG{ ftjbk BjhA
j?, sK fJB;kB ftjbk s/ wyZN{ feT[A oj/ < ftjb/ dk wkD ;fseko feT[A j't/
< pdfe;wsh Bkb fJ; d/; ftu ekfwnK feoshnK ƒ P{do nkye/ d[oekfonk
iKdk j?. d{finK dh feos ewkJh s/ gbD tkfbnK ƒ g{fink iKdk j?. fe;kB
y/sh eodk, ;G dk g/N Godk j?. egkj phidk, r'vh eodk, gkDh bkT[Adk,
okyh eodk j?, c;b fsnko j'D s/ xo fbnkT[Adk j?. T[; ftu'A ;[ek, t/b, fgzR
e/, ;{s eZfsnk s/ eZgVk p[fDnk frnk. eZgV/ dh ozrkJh SgkJh s/ f;bkJh ehsh
rJh. gfjBD :'r fsnko j'D s/ fJ;ƒ sB s/ ;ikT[D tkbk (pqkjwD) T{u iksh
g{iD i'r pD p?mdk j?. go fwjBs w[PZes eoe/ fJE'A sZe g[ukD tkb/ P{do
rodkB/ rJ/, x'o gkg. ;fsr[o{ ih B/ Xow dh feos y[d ehsh, s/ f;ZyK ƒ
eoB dh jdkfJs ehsh. fJ;/ ekoB ;z;ko ftu fiE/ f;Zy rJ/ jB, nkgDh
fwjBs Bkb ekw:kp j'J/ jB. e'Jh f;Zy fGykoh sK T[FZek BjhA fwb/rk.
r[owfs d/ w[Yb/ n;{bK ftu doi j? fe f;Zy B/ Bkw igDk, Xow dh feos
eoBh, s/ tzve/ SeDk j?. ;kfjp ih B/ iks ekoB fe;/ ƒ ftP/P ;BwkB BjhA
fdsk, pbfe r[Dk dh edo ehsh j?. f;Zy Xow feosh ekfwnK dk Xow j?,
ftjbVK w[csy'oK bJh fJ; Xow ftu e'Jh EK BjhA. “feos ftos efo Xow
dh jE'A d? e? Gbk wBkJ/”] (GkLr[) fJ;/ bJh sK pkDh ftu doi j?L^
“T[dw eo/fdnK ihT[ s{z ewktfdnK ;[y G[zu[]
fXnkfdnk s{z gqG{ fwb[ BkBe T[soh fus]” (522)
r[o{ xo ftu Bkw igDk s/ igkT[Dk nsh T[FZsw wzfBnk frnk j?. f;Zy
bJh Bkw dk wsbp j? r[opkDh dh ;wM. r[opkDh ftukofdnK ihtB i[rsh
gqkgs j[zdh j?. pkDh gVfdnK e[dos ns/ ekdo pko/ frnkB gqkgs j[zdk j?.
r[opkDh d[nkok Gb/ p[o/ dh, jZe ;Zu dh, B/eh pdh dh gSkD j[zdh j?.
nekbg[oy Bkb fbtbhBsk ftu'A, ;fsr[o{ ih ƒ r[opkDh nkt/; j'Jh. fJ; X[o
8
eh pkDh ƒ T[jBK nkgDh j:ksh ftu jh, ebwpzd eoe/ ;KG fbnk. fwbktN
j'D d/ ;ko/ ysfonK s'A puk fbnk. tkfjr[o{ ih dk Bkw fJe gkto jkT{; dh
fBnkJh j?, fiE'A ifrnk;{ ƒ ;'Mh ns/ Pesh gqkgsh j[zdh j?. wB dk u?B s/
nkswk bJh w[esh, Bkw jh d/ ;edk j?. ;ko/ d[yK s/ t;heoD, ;[yK dh gqkgsh,
y[PhnK y/V/ Bkw ftu'A y'ihd/ jB. id'A Bkw igfdnK, ;tZS s/ B/e ihtB
fiT[AfdnK, e'Jh fJB;kB r[DtkB j' iKdk ;h, T[; tes ;fsr[o{ ih T[;ƒ Bkw
igkT[D (Xow gqukoe) dh fizw/tkoh ;"Agfdnk eod/ ;B. fJjBK Gb/ g[oyK dh
;zrs, ns/ T[FZsw T[gd/P ;[De/ b'eh tZvh frDsh ftu r[owfs ƒ XkoB eo oj/
;B. goT[geko dh GktBk fjZs uzr/oh f;Zfynk d/Dh nfrnkBsk dk jB/ok eZN
d/Dk, r[o{ uoBK Bkb i'V d/Dk, pj[s tZvh ;/tk j?. nfij/ B/e s"o sohfenK
d/ iBw dksk ;B ;fsr[o{ ih.
“T[fJ g[oy[ gqkDh XzB[ iB jfj T[gd/P eofj goT[gekohnk]
jfo Bkw[ fdqVktfj jfo Bkw[ ;[Dktfj, jfo Bkw/ ir[ fB;skfonk]” (311)
XzB r[o{ BkBe ;kfjp.tzv SeD ƒ r[o{ xo ftu tZvk wkD jk;b j?.
tzve/ SeD dk wkD, T[;/ ƒ fwb ;edk j?, i' jZEhA feos eodk j?. i' ftjbV
ntkok j?, T[j eh tzve/ Se/rk < nkgD/ nkg bJh, pZfunK bJh sK gP{ gzSh
Gh pj[s y/ub eod/ jB. nkgD/ w{zj'A rqkjh eZYe/ p'NK d/ w{zj gkT[Ad/ jB. fJj
tzv SeD dh n;b s;tho BjhA j?. tzv SeD dk Gkt j? nkgD/ fprkB/ dk G/d
fwNke/, b'Vtzd ftnesh dh b'V g{oh eoBh. nfj;kB eoe/ ngDk nkgk Bk
iskT[Dk. d{i/ ƒ jhDk iK BhtK Bk ;wMDk. e[M ftneshnK e'b XB dh
pj[sks j[zdh j?, T[j edh edkJh e[M d/Ad/ Bio Gh nkT[Ad/ jB. Gkt/A fJj fJe
P[G eow j?, b/feB fi; e'b gdkoE xZN s'A xZN j'D, n"y/ tes b'VtzdK Bkb
T[jBK ƒ tzv e/ ykJ/, fJj j? tzv SeDk. nkgD/ sB dk eZgVk, jZE dh o'Nh sZe,
d{i/ ƒ d/Dh tzv SeDk j?. wB ftu tZvgD dk ro{o e'Jh Bk nkt/, fJjh j?
9
n;bh r[owfs. fJ; B/e GktBk nXhB ;fsr[o{ ih B/ y[d b'VtzdK Bkb tzve/
Sfenk. T[jBK B{z g?oK s/ yV/ ehsk. id'A fgsk ih B/ yok ;"dk eoB bJh
G/fink ;h, sK b'VtzdK ƒ T[; o[g? Bkb bzro Sek fdZsk. Gkt/A fgsk ih dh ;ys
Bkokirh Gh ;fjDh gJh. i' e[M Gh ;fsr[o{ ih e'b ;h, T[j ;dk jh tzvd/ oj/.
“e'fN s/sh; ikufj gqG BkfJe d/d/ s'fN Bkjh Gzvko]
T{X? GKv? eS[ B ;wkt? ;hX? nzfwqs[ go? fBjko]” (503)
wB[Zy wkso dh fJj pj[s tvh ewI'oh j?, fe T[j nkgD/ ;[y pko/ jh
;'udk j?. tXe/ nkgD/ gqtko pko/. fe;/ j'o bzwh fBrkj d[VkJh sK ngD/
GkJhuko/ pkps, fgzv d/; iK Xow GkJhnK pko/. ;w[Zu/ wB[Zy wkso d/ Gb/ bJh
T[dw eoBk, d[y d{o eoB dh e'fPP eoBh, nsh T[sw ;'u j?. roi ofjs,
fpBk tkech ftnesh d/ Gb/ fjZs eZ[M y/ub eoBh jh ;opZs dk Gbk j?.
wIp{oh t; nro n;hA nwbh s"o s/ fe;/ dh wdd BjhA eo ;ed/, sK T[jBK
pko/ ;[G GktBktK sK oZy jh ;ed/ jK. ;fsr[o{ ih dh ofjB[wkJh ftu ;dhnK
s'A ykb;k gzE ;opZs d/ Gb/ fjZs, isB eodk nk fojk j?. fJ;/ ekoB gzE ƒ
tZvhnK w[;ebK ftu'A dh r[ioBk fgnk. i/ ;opZs d/ Gb/ fjZs, ikB dh pkih
sZe Gh bkT[Dh gJh, sK ;fsr[o{ ;kfjpkB, ns/ T[jBK d/ to';kJ/ f;ZyK tb'A gk;k
BjhA tZfNnk frnk. sZsh sZth, fdZbh dk uKdBh u"e, bkj"o dh xkj wzvh,
xb{xko/HHHHHs/ j'o pj[s e[M ;opZs d/ Gb/ fjZs, p/roi j'e/ ehsk. fJ;/ bJh
fJj wkD eoB i'r nZyo f;yK dh nodk; dk nzr pD rJ/ ^
“BkBe Bkw uVdh ebk, s/o/ GkD/ ;opZs dk Gbk” (nodk;)
;fsr[o{ pkpk ih B/ nfij/ Bt/eb/ Xow dh BhAj oZyh, fi;ƒ jo e'Jh
fpBk o'e ;"fynK jh ngDk ;edk j?. gfjbK gqubs Xow p; fJZe o;w pDe/
ofj rJ/ ;B. fJjBK ƒ Xow wzdoK se wfjd{d eo fdsk frnk ;h. ;fsr[o{
ih B/ oZph fBnwK ƒ wzdoK dh tbrD ftu'A eZYe/, fJ;ƒ ^
10
 ekfJnk wjb[ wzdo[ xo[ jfoek, fs; wfj okyh i'fs ngko[.. (1256)

“xo xo nzdo Xow;kb”^ dk doik fdsk. jo fJe d/ fjod/ se

Xow d/ r[D g[id/ ehs/. ihtB ftu ;ko/ ekoi eofdnK fJwkBdkoh, B/eh

tuB gkbDk, fe;/ ƒ d[Zy Bk d/Dk, jZe Bk wkoBkHHHHHfJjh sK jB Xow d/ r[D.

p[ok ezw eoB bZr/ wB[y

Z ;'u,/ fe w?ƒ tkfjr[o{ t/y fojk j?, T[;dh ;Zuh ndkbs

ftZu, fJ;dk itkp d/Dk gt/rk. r[o{ BkBe fgsk ih B/ nkgD/ ubkJ/ Xow ftu

Pkwb j'D s/ fe;/ bJh o'e BjhA bkJh. nwho rohp, iK T{uh BhthA iks dk

e'Jh G/d BjhA oZfynk. fJ;soh g[oy ;ko/ jh pokpo GkJhtkb jB. p'bh d/;

r'o/ ekb/ dk e'Jh Gow BjhA ofjD fdZsk. e'Jh pzd; BjhA bkJh rJh. fJ;dk

gqsZy ;p{s j?, jo/e r[od[nkok, r[o{ xo uko dotki/, u'Aj toBk bJh y[Zb/

jB. ;zrs gzrs ;kfonK bJh j?, fJe ;wkB. r[o{ rqzE ;kfjp ftu ;kohnK

iksK ƒ ;w{bhns py;e/, ;fsr[o{ ih tZb'A fJZe pj[s T[uh fw;kb ekfJw eo

fdZsh rJh. dZp/ e[ub/ b'e, iK ;wki dh “ofjzd y{j

z d”, fiBK ƒ ;dhnK s'A g?oK

j/m fbskfVnk ik fojk ;h. ;fsr[o{ ih B/ nfijk ekoBkwk ehsk fe ;odkohnK

pkdPkjhnK p\P fdZshnK. ;h; s/ ski ;ik fdZs/. fiBk dh ;dhnK s'A fe;/

pKj BjhA cVh ;h, T[jBK ƒ tZv/ o[sp/ nj[d/ gqkgs j'J/. pr?o fe;/ ftseo/ s'A,

;G ƒ fJe' fijk T[gd/P, fJe' fijk wkD s/ Xow ftu gqt/P eoB dk, nzfwqs

SeD dk pqkpo nfXeko fdsk.

“J/e fgsk J/e; e/ jw pkfoe s{z w/ok r[ojkJh]” (wHõ 611)

fp;o rJh ;G sks gokJh] ip s/ ;kX ;zrfs w'fj gkJh] (1299)

fi; ;ZfGnsk ftu n;hA ftuo oj/ jK nZi Gh T[; ftu “;G nZSk”

BjhA j?. wB[Zy nkgD/ Gok wB[Zy s'A Bcos eo/, BhtK ;wM/ fJj x'o gkg j?.
11
fJE/ sK wB[Zy wkso d/ goSkt/ iK T[;dh fdqPNh s'A Gh b'eh fGZN/ iKd/ jB. nZi

sZe fJ; ghoK ntskoK foPhnK w[BhnK d/ Gkos ftu, Xow wzdo (<) Gh e[M

ftP/P iksh d/ b'eK bJh y[Zb/ jB. iB ;kXkoD bJh wzdoK ftu dkyb j'D s/

;ys gkpzdh j?. o;ksb ftu roe eo fdZs/ rJ/, ;{do pDk fdZs/ rJ/, wB[ZyK

ƒ Xow T[gd/P ;[DB pdb/, fgxfbnk row f;Zek ezBk ftu g[nkDk g?Adk ;h.

wzdo d/ nzdo dkyb j'Dk sK fes/ fojk, B/fVT[ bzxfdnK ƒ Gh wko wko e/

nXw'J/ eo fdZsk iKdk ;h. fJZe pj[s wjkB nkswk Bkwd/t ih ƒ fpBk e;{o

s'A wzdo ftu'A XZe/ wkoe/ eZY fdZsk ;h. ftnke[bsk ftu Bkwd/t ih B/ oZp nZr/

cfonkd ehsh ^ fgsk gow/;o ihU. s[;hA t/y oj/ j' Bk, w?A s[jkvk fBwkDk

fijk p/Nk jK. fJj jzekoh gkyzvh iksh ro{o ftu, w?ƒ “Y/v” nkye/ ibhb

eo oj/ jB. w?A s[jkvk ;/te jK, i/ w?ƒ woB s'A pkd w[esh Gh fwb rJh sK

fe; ezw < w? sK j[D/ fJ;/ iBw ftu fJjBK ;ko/ pzXBk s'A w[esh ukjz[dk jK.

BjhA sK ;[D bT[ fgsk ihT[, fJj p/fJIsh w/oh BjhA ;r'A s[jkvh j?, feT[Afe w?A

sK s[jkƒ nkgDk fgsk ;theko ehsk j?.

“w{J/ j{J/ iT[ w[efs d/j[r/ w[efs B ikB? e'fJbk]

J/ gzvhnk w'eT[ Y/Y ejs s/oh g?i fgSzT[vh j'fJbk] (1292)

;fsr[o{ BkBe fgsk ih B/ Bkw d/t s/ T[;dh T[FZws ƒ rbteVh ftu

fbnk. ;fsr[o{ ih B/ ;wMkfJnk “w/o/ tho Bkwd/t (nkswe tbtb/) G[Zbe/ Gh

T[; EK T[jBK gkgh b'eK ftu BK ikthA, fiE/ fcNekoK g?D, XZe/ wko/ ikD. nk

s?ƒ fJe wjkB o[spk fdnK, w?A Gh s/o/ ftukoK dk jkwh jK. nkgK fJe Bt/A

;wki dh f;oiDk eoKr/. Bkwd/t ih dh gktB pkDh pkpk ih B/ nkgD/ e'b

T[skok eoe/ ;KG bJh. oftdk;, epho s/ Bkwd/t ih ƒ wkD pyPfdnK,

12
T[jBK dh gftZso pkDh ƒ f;Zy Xow d/ wjkB rozE ftu ;fseko :'r n;EkB

fdZsk frnk. fiBK P{doK ƒ wzdoK d/ B/fVT[ bzxDk Gh wBk ;h, T[jBK ƒ bZyK

b'eh fBs fdB Bw;ekoK eod/ t/y/ ik ;ed/ jB. fJ; eoe/ jo wkJh GkJh

ƒ, fpBk ftseo/ gzrs s/ ;zrs ftu, Pkwb j'D dk nfXeko j?. ;o'toK ftu

jo e'Jh fJPBkB eo ;edk j?. r[o{ BkBe pkpk ih B/ fJe' gotko d/ w?Apo

;kfonK ƒ pDk fdsk.

“j'fJ fJesq fwbj[ w/o/ GkJh, d[fpXk d{fo eoj[ fbt bkfJ]

jfo Bkw? e/ j'tj[ i'Vh r[ow[fy p?;j[ ;ck ftSkfJ]” (1185)

g[oksB ;fwnK s'A b? e/ nZi se fJjh toskok t/yD ƒ fwbdk j? fe

fi; fe;/ B/ J/esk d/ ;{so ftu go'J/ ik e/ nkgDh skes tXk bJh, T[jh

d{finK ƒ r[bkw pDkT[D, Xktk p'bD uZb fgnk. id'A nZr'A e'Jh w[ekpbk eoB

tkbk Gh Bk j't/, fco b[N/fonk d/ j'o Gh j"A;b/ tX iKd/ jB. fe;/ fJbkek

gq;sh eoe/, fe;/ ykBdkBh PkB d/ pjkB/, s/ fe;/ B/ Xow d/ Bkw s/, iE/pzdh

wIp{s ehsh, T[jh dfozdk j' fBpfVnk. oki/ oZs ghD/, nfjbeko wk;ykD/, s/

izsK wk;{w G/vK pZeohnK dh fBnkJh. d/;h ns/ pd/;h d't/A soQK d/ jkew,

rohp izsk s/ i[bw Ykj oj/ ;B. fpBK skes s'A fJBk y{Bh N'fbnK ƒ i[bw

eoB' o'fenk ikDk ;zGt BjhA ;h. ;fsr[o{ fgsk ih B/ Bkw igD tkb/ Xowh

b'eK dk, ;zrmB pDkfJnk. fJjBK Xowh ;{ofwnK B/, fjZe vkje/ i[bw dh

jB/oh ƒ mZb gkJh, ikpoK dk w{zj GzfBnK. i[bw dk oki BjhA, “jb/wh oki”

dk ;zebg ;z;ko d/ b'eK ;Bw[Zy g/P ehsk. nfijk oki s/ ;wki fiE/ jo e'Jh

;BwkB Bkb ihtB pshs eo/. fe;/ ƒ e'Jh pzfd; BK j't/, T[FZuk BhtK Bk j't/.

i'o ipo e'Jh Bk eo ;e/. fJ; “;zs f;gkjh” B/, Bt/A g{oB/ gkJ/. ;dhnK
13
s'A Gkos b[ZfNnk g[ZfNnk s/ popkd ehsk ik fojk ;h . ;fsr[o{ ih B/ fJ; “

F;a;asoXkoh ;zs B{z nfijh f;Zfynk s/ skes fdZsh fe ikbwK ƒ GkiVk g[nk

fdshnK. fJj “p/rw g[ok” r[o{ BkBe ;kfjp ih dh feogk ;dek gqkgs

j'fJnk.

;w[zd fto'fb ;oho[ jw d/fynk, fJe t;s nB{g fdykJh]

r[o{ r'fpzd, r'fpzd r[o{ j? BkBe G/d[ B GkJh] (442)

;dhnK s'A seVk ewI'oK s/ i[bw eodk nk fojk ;h. i[bw eoB

tkfbnK dk fJzBk j"A;bk fJ; eoe/ tfXnk j'fJnk ;h, feT[Afe nZr'A w[ekpbk

eoB tkbk e'Jh BjhA ;h. i'rh ;fBnk;h pqkjwD s/ ekih, nkg' nkgD/ sohe/,

izsk ƒ Xow d/ BK s/ b[ZN oj/ ;B s/ oki/ tiho nc;o u"Xoh Bzpodko nkgD/

Yzr y{B gh oj/ ;B. izsk voh ;fjwh j'Jh T{uh nktki sZe BjhA eZYdh ;h.

;fsr[o{ ih B/ fJe BtK f;XKs g/P ehsk. nkT[ Xowh b'e'` j[D i[bw d/ yksw/

tk;s/ s[;hA jZE ftu feogkB geV'. p/y"| j' w?dkB ftu fBZso', i[bw d/ fto[ZX

izr eoBk, “Xow :[ZX” j?. fJjBK frnkBhnK, ;zsK GrsK s/ r[ow[yK B/

i[bw fto[X s/rK ;{s bJhnK, pzd{eK fsnko eo bJhnK, shoK ewkBk ƒ ;ik

fbnk, x'fVnK s/ ;tko j' w"s ƒ tzrkoB bZr gJ/. fJe bzw/ ;w/A sZe s/r tkj[Dh

gJh, izrbh tk; eoBk fgnk. nefj s/ n;fj ePFN G'rD/ gJ/. go fJj

“GrsK dh c"i”, fiZs jk;b eoB sZe, i[bw d/ yksw/ sZe, s/r tj[zdh ojh.

Grs ;{ow/ pD rJ/ s/ f;gkjhnK ƒ Xowh fiT[V/ pDk fdZsk. sKfe e'Jh

ftnesh iK iE/pzdh, fe;/ ƒ vokt/ Bk, e'Jh fe;/ s'A vo/ Bk. skesto b'e

ewI'oK s/ nfij/ i[bw eod/ ;B, fiBK ƒ gVQ ;[De/ sq/bhnK S[NdhnK jB.

g[Ps do g[Ps pd s'A pdso ihtB fiT[D bJh wIp{o eo fdZsk iKdk ;h. ;ko/
14
wB[Zyh nfXeko ysw, s/ r[bkw pDk bJ/ iKd/ ;B. r[bkwK d/ pZu/ ns/

fJ;sohnK Gh r[bkw. fJjBK r[bkwK ƒ id'A ih ukj/ t/funk ik ;edk ;h,

e[ZfNnk s/ esb ehsk ik ;edk ;h. e'Jh dkd cfonkd fes/ BjhA. ;fsr[o{ ih

B/ wkB;e ns/ ;ohoe pb XkoB dk j[ew fdZsk. bzwh izr s'A pkd r[o{ e/ bkbK

B/ r[bkwh ƒ rb' bkj fdZsk. ;ko/ vo G? w[ek fdZs/.

iT[ sT[ gq/w y/bD ek ukT[] f;o[ Xfo sbh rbh w/oh nkT[]

fJs[ wkofr g?o[ Xohi?] f;o[ dhi? ekfD B ehi?] (1412)

d[fynko/ b'eK d/ Gb/ bJh ;fsr[o{ BkBe ih ;z;ko ftu nkJ/. T[jBK

oZph frnkB jo gqkDh wkso sZe g[ukD dk T[geko ehsk. fJZE/ sK iBw s'A jh

pqkjwD B/ ;kfonK dk r[o{ j'D dh rZdh ;KGh j'Jh ;h. P{doK ftu Gh Gkt/A pj[s

tZv/ r[Dh iB, ftdtkB frnkBh j'J/ ;B, pqkjwD B/ jo jopk tos e/ T[jBK

ƒ fbskV fdZsk. pDdk wkD sK feZE/ d/Dk ;h, ;r'A ;dk x'o ngwkB ehsk.

feT[Afe pqkjwD d/ tv/o/ T[;ƒ wzƒ f;fwqsh, ns/ s[b;h okjhA, nfijh wZs d/e/

rJ/ ;B. epho ih B/ ;kc efo fdsk, w?A pqkjwD gkyzvh b[N/o/ ƒ ngDk nkr{

fe;/ ;{os Gh ;theko BjhA eoKrk.

“epho pkwB[ r[o{ j? irs ek GrsB ek r[o{ Bkfj]

noM T[oM e? gfu w{nk uko' p/dj[ wkfj]” (1377)

r[o{ BkBe fgsk ih B/ iks ns/ ;ohoK Bkb'A r[DK dh edo eoB dh

fgos gkJh. r[o{ ;oho Bkb'A, r[opkDh ƒ T[FZuk o[spk pyfPnk. f;ZyK ƒ

ftnesh iK w{osh g{ik BjhA, fBozeko tkfjr[o{ dh nokXBk eoB dh iku

f;ykJh. fJ;/ ;/X w[skpe gzuw r[od/t B/, ;qh dopko ;kfjp nzfwqs;o fty/

g'Eh ;kfjp (gfjbk Bkw) dk gqekP ehsk, e'Jh w{osh BjhA. Bk jh d/th d/ts/
15
s/ Bk jh fe;/ r[o ftnesh dh. i' f;Zy PoXkb{ nkT[Adk, r[opkDh ftu'A ;op

gZyh frnkB jk;b eodk. fJ;/ ftukoXkok ƒ nr/o/ N'ofdnK, d;w gksPkj

ji{o B/, frnkB d/ nEkj ;kro ƒ, r[o{ j'D dk n?bkB eo fdZsk. fJj frnkB

r[o{ (Ppd r[o{) ;dht ekb tk;s/ f;ZyK dk ofjpo pD frnk. d;w gksPkj

B/ i' ehsk, T[j r[o{ BkBe ;kfjp ih d/ nkP/ w[skpe jh ;h. ;r'A fJj efjDk

fInkdk tkip j't/rk fe d;w/ ikw/ ftu r[o{ BkBe ;kfjp ih B/ jh frnkB d/

;'w/ ƒ ;dht ekb tk;s/ r[o{ j'D dk bk;kBh e"se toskfJnk.

“pkDh r[o{ r[o{ j?, pkDh ftfu pkDh nzfwqs[ ;ko/]

r[o[ pkDh ej? ;/te[ iB[ wkB? gosfy r[o{ fB;sko/]” (922)

;kv/ nkb/ d[nkb/ nB/e EkJhA e{V/ nkfd d/ tZv/ Y/o bZr/ j[d
z / jB. fJjBK

okjhA wZSo wZyh ns/ eJh fpwkohnK c?b iKdhnK jB. i' ikB b/tk Gh j'

;edhnK jB. f;nkD/ wB[Zy T[; e{V/ euo/ ƒ y/sK ftu ykd o{g ftu tos b?Ad/

jB. fJ; ykd s'A c[Zb cb s/ c;b eJh r[DK tZX MkV fdzdh j?. pZ; ;ckJh Gh

j' rJh s/ eJh fBjwsK Gh fwb rJhnK. fJ;/ soQK wBZy

[ nzdo pj[s ;ko/ n"rD
[

BekBZe Go/ gJ/ jB. fJjBK ftekoK ekoB wB[Zyk ihtB spkj j' iKdk j?. i/

n;hA ;fsr[o{ BkBe ;kfjp ih ƒ g[ZS t/yhJ/ fe “r[o{ fgsk ihU` feogk eoe/

;wMkU, ekw eo'X b'G w'j jzeko nkfd ftekoK ƒ t; ftu fet/A eohJ/ <”

sK fgsk ;fsr[o{ ih c[owkB eod/ jB, “frq;s d/ pzXB ftu pZMe/ “J/ek Bkoh

ish” tkbh i[rsh ngDkU, ekw ekp{ ftu oj/rk. i/ ftnkj Bk eotkfJnk

sK wB p/ekp{ j' e/ y[nko eo/rk. feT[Afe

“isB eo? fpzd[ fet? B ojkJh] wB{nk v'b? Boe/ gkJh” (906)

fJ;/ soQK eo'X ƒ phosk ftu pdb fdU. b'G Bkw XB fJeso eoB
16
dk, ;/tk eoB dk eoBk j?. w'j j't/ sK r[o{Otkfjr[o{ ih Bkb, T[gd/P ewkT[D

dk. jzeko ƒ pdb d/Dk j? ;t?wkD ftu. fBzdk u[rbh dh EK r[opkDh ;[DB tb

o[Zuh pDh j't/. nZyK Bkb gokJ/ o{g s/ b[GkfJwkB j'D dh Ekt/A, joiht ftu

gqG{ i's t/yD dk ;[Gk pDkU. ftjb/ wB, ns/ ;oho ƒ fizwt
/ kohnK ftu o[MkJh

oy'. fJ; soK jZE eko (feos) tZb fuZs eosko tZb. fJjh Yzr j? ftekoK

ƒ ouBkswe gZy tZb w'VBk dk.

“wB[ jkbh feo;kDh eoDh ;ow[ gkDh sB[ y/s[]

Bkw[ phi[ ;zs'y[ ;[jkrk oy[ rohph t/;[]” (595)

Xow d/ Bkw j/m nkw b'eK ƒ, fJe bzw/ uZeoftT{ ftu T[bMkfJnk

j'fJnk ;h. ;kXkoB ftnesh nfrnkB t; c'eN eow eKvK ƒ jh Xow wzB

p?mk ;h. r[o{ BkBe ;kfjp ih B/, gfjbK fJj T[geko ehsk fe ny"sh, d/tpkDh

(;z;feqs) ƒ Beko e/ gzikph ftu nkgDh pkDh fbyh, s/ Xow T[gd/; ehsk.

fJ; soQK eoB Bkb t/dK dh T[FZusk s/ pqkjwDK dh bzpVdkoh uko/ ykB/ fuZs j'

rJh. b'eh nkgD/ Xow eow y[d eoB d/ :'r j' rJ/. fiBQK gkyzv eowK okjhA

b'eK ƒ b[ZfNnk iKdk ;h, T[jBK ftu ^ tos, ;okX, shoE, fJ;BkB, Bzr/ g?oh

ofjDk, w'B XkoB eoBh, ubhj/ eZND/, gZEo (p[Zs), g{ik j'w iZr, woB/ izwD/

ftnkj nkfd tes pqkjwDh g{ik wkBsk, ;w/s g;{ gzShnK ns/ o[ZyK dh g{ik

d/. ;fsr[o{ ih B/ feogk eoe/ f;ZXk ;gZPN T[gd/P d/ e/, fJe tkfjr[o{ ih d/

bV sK bkfJnk jh, s/ pkeh ;ko/ nvzpoK s'A w[esh fdtk fdZsh. fJj gkyzv

eow tkfjr[o{ ih d/ do s/ gotkB BjhA ehs/ ikD/. T[E/ e/tb Bkw ifgnk s/

B/e ezw jh ;jkJh j'Dr/.

egV[ o{g[ ;[jktDk, Sfv d[Bhnk nzdfo iktDk]

17
 wzdk uzrk nkgDk nkg/ jh ehsk gktDk]HHHHHefo nT[rD gS'sktDk] (470)

fi; ;ot'sw ekoi bJh ;fsr[o{ pkpk ih, irs ftu s;ohc fbnkJ/

;B, T[j ;h fBowb gzE dh ;kiBk dk wjkB ekoi, fJ;dh ;wK pZX ;zgo
{ Bsk.

;fsr[o{ d/ uoBk d/ G"o/, r[o{ fgnko ftu fJeZso j[zd/ rJ/. ;kfjp ih nkgDh

ihtB ftXh s/ gftZso puBk okjh, ftekoK dh w?b eZY, fBowbsk pyP oj/

;B. r[DK Bkb Gog{o eo oj/ ;B. ;fsr[o{ ih dk gZbk cVe/ fgZS/ N[oB

tkfbnK dk fJe ekcbk pDdk frnk. fJ; ;kX/ j'J/ r[ow[yK d/ fJeZm ƒ, nr'A

“fBowb gzE” iK f;Zy gzE fejk ikD bZfrnk. fJj Bkw igD tkb/,

goT[ekoh “f;gkjh” ;B, s/ P;soXkoh, i[bw dhnK iVk T[ykVB tkb/ “;kX{”

;B. jZEhA feos eoe/, tzv SeD tkb/ frq;sh ;B. fJjBK dh eoBh s'A b[N/o/

ezpd/ ;B, wIb[wk ƒ Xotk; fwbdk ;h. fJj fJe' gqG{ ƒ fXnkT[D tkb/, fJe'

ftukoXkok ƒ wzBD tkb/, fJe' okj d/ gKXh, fJe' wzfib s/ g[i

Z D bJh T[Fd
Z wPhb.

fJj fBowb gzE i' r[o{ pkpk ih B/ g?dk ehsk, r'd fyvkfJnk, pkeh ;fsr[o{nK

B/ j'o gVkJh fbykJh f;ybkJh eotkJh. *s/ goy eoe/ d;w gksPkj ji{o

B/, ykb;k Bkw d/e,/ ;zgo

{ Bsk dh w'jo bk fdZsh. iK fJj nky ;ed/ jK fe r[o{

BkBe ;kfjp ih B/, d;t/A ikw/ ftu, fBowb gzE ƒ ykb;k gzE d/ o{g ftu

spdhb eo fdsk.

“i'fs Ujk i[rfs ;kfJ ;fj ekfJnk c/fo gbNhn?]” (960)

pj[s g[oksB ;fwnk s'A jh skesto wB[Zy ewI'oK s/ fe;/ B fe;/ o{g

ftu i'o ipo iK XZek eod/ nkJ/ jB. e'Jh S'N/ fij/ ;kXkoD ftseo/ j'D sK

podk;s eo Gh bJ/ ikD, fJE/ sK Xow d/ Bkw s/ x'o ngokX ns/ b[ZNK y'jK

ehshnK rJhnK jB. j'o f;sw fJj gJh fJe tZv/ wB[Zyh GkJhuko/ ƒ P{do
18
nkye/ Bkw igD, ftZfdnk jk;b eoB, IwhB ikfJdkd yqhdD uzrh ;tkoh

eoB, f;o s/ grVh ;ikT[D, ns/ uzrk ykD gfjBD s/ Gh ;ys gkpzdh nkfJd

eo fdZsh. M{m/ fJbiwk bk e/ ihG eZN d/Dh, nZyK eZY d/DhnK, ezBK ftu f;Zek

fgxbke/ gk d/Dk. ;z[do ƒjK XhnK Bkb ipo fiBkj eoBk, fco fes/ e'Jh

;[DtkJh Bk j'D d/Dh fJe nkw toskok ;h. xo ftu n"os dh dPk Gh ;{doK

tkbh jh pDk fdZsh rJh ;h. fgsk ;fsr[o{ ih B/ ;'u wzvb d/ ;ko/ g[oi/ jh X'

fdZs/. T[jBK jo gqkDh wkso, fJ;soh g[oy, pZu/ p[Y/ ƒ, gq/wk Grsh eoB dk

y[b
Z k nfXeko d/ fdZsk. fJ;/ ekoB pqkjwD d/ ;skJ/ b'e pV/ T[sPkj Bkb, f;Zy

gzE ftu Pkwb j'D bZr gJ/. ;G o[ektNK jNk fdZshnK rJhnK. BhftnK ftu'A

;fseko/ rJ/ e[M e[ pi[or r[of;ZyK dh cfoPs t/y' ^ GkJh wodkBk ih, bkb'

ih, ;hjK ih, jZ;{ ih, fpXh uzd ih, i?sk ih nkfde uwed/ f;sko/ jB. j'o

pj[s ;ko/ wkJh GkJh i' ikbw ;wki tb'A gSkV fds/ rJ/ ;B, f;Zyh wzvb ftu

gqt/P eoe/, wkD gkT[Ad/ oj/. r[o{ rqzE ;kfjp fJ; rZb dh ;G s'A tZvh fw;kb

jB, fiBk nzdo ny"sh P{doK dh o;Bk s'A T[ukoB ehsh j'Jh oZph pkDh, ;fsr[o{

;kfjp ih d/ Bkb jh ;'GBhe j?. bZyK b'eh fi;ƒ fBZs ;h; M[ekT[Ad/ jB.

“;kX ;zfr BkBe p[fX gkJh jfo ehosB nkXko']

Bkw d/T[ fsqb'uB epho dk;j' w[efs GfJT[ ufwnko'] (498)

frq;s dhnK swkw fizw/tkohnK s'A Gr"V/, ny"sh Xkofwe b'eK B/,

frq;s ƒ pVh p/Powh Bkb Gzfvnk. frq;s dk w{b X[ok, wK G?D gsBh p/Nh dk

Po/nkw ngwkB ehsk. fJ;soh iksh, iZr iBDh ƒ “Boe d[nkoh” nky

fcNekfonk. pZfunK s/ n"osK ƒ e[obKd/ SZve/, fJj wyZN{ b'e, izrbK gjkVK

19
tb BZ; rJ/. xo T[iVd/ oj/, pZu/ ftbed/ oj/, n"osK ngwkBs nt;Ek ftu

jT[e/ GodhnK ojhnK. fjzd';skB pd/;h ikpoK d/ g?oK j/m fbskVhAdk fojk.

fJjBK i'rh ;fBnk;h fsnkrh ;kX{nK dh nDy r?os edh Bk ikrh. r[cktK

wZmK wzdoK ftu ns/ d{o doki izrbK ftu, Grsh sgZf;nk (<) eod/ oj/.

rcbs dh BhAd ftu x{e ;[Zs/ oj/. nZi f;ZyK ftu v/o/dko E[Zb E[Zb eodhnK

r'rVK tkb/, Bkw igD dk fJjh gkyzv eo ^ eotk oj/ jB. i[bw d/ fto[X

fJjBK edh fJe nZyo ipkB s/ BjhA nkT[D fdZsk. Xow n;EkB Yfjzd/ oj/

b'eK dk ipoh Xow fgqtosB j[zdk fojk. fJj b'e ;oho s/ ;[nkj wbe/ Gzr

nkfd ghe/ Xow (<) ewkT[Ad/ oj/. nkw b'eK ƒ w'j wkfJnk d/ ikb ftu'A eZYe/,

“w[esh dk wkor” ftykT[Ad/ oj/. jZEhA feos eoBh, y/sh tkgko b'VtzdK ns/

nkgD/ gqtkoK dh ;zGkb eoBh fJjBK ƒ Bk GkJh. d/; oZfynk fjs ikbwK Bkb

d' jZE eoB tk;s/ fJjBK edh ;'funk sZe BjhA.” fJj ;z;ko ns/ gqtko ;G

Sbktk j? “fJjBK dk gquko ;h. “np d[y nrb/ iBw ;[y” d/ ;pi pkr

ftykJ/ ik oj/ ;B. ;fsr[o{ ih B/ vze/ dh u'N Bkb rZie/ n?bkB eo fdZsk, gqG{

gqkgsh tk;s/ xo gqtko fsnkr e/ izrbK ftu GNeD dh Io{os BjhA j?. ;r'A

nkgD/ fjZ;/ dhnK ;G fizw/tkohnK gqtko ftu ofjzfdnK fBGkJhnK ikD,

gow/Po ƒ u/s/ oZfynk ikt/. p[okJhnK s'A pfunk ikt/. y/sh B"eoh f;gkjhrhoh

B/e Bhns Bkb e'Jh ezw eo' gqtkB j?. p; xo p?fmnK jh tkfjr[o{ ih dh

gqkgsh j' ikt/rh. fJj n;b Xow j?, fes/ pkjo GNeD dh Io{os BjhA.

BkBe ;fsr[fo G/fNn? g{oh j't? i[rfs]

j;zfdnK y/bzfdnK g?BzfdnK yktzfdnK ftu/ j't? w[efs] (522)

ihtB pshs eofdnK pj[s ;ko/ T[sok uVkn nkT[Ad/ jB. ewI'o
20
wkBf;e pDso tkb/ ftnesh sK j'o Gh tX vog'e j[zd/ jB. ukbke fposh

tkbh ;qD
/ h B/, wB[y
Z dh fJ; ewI'oh dk p/ns
z bkjk yZfNnk. T[;d/ nZr/ fJe gk;/

;tor d/ ;[gBwJh fuso g/P ehs/ rJ/, s/ d{i/ pzB/ Boe dh fGnkBesk oZyh

rJh. pqkjD B/ nkgD/ nkg ƒ pqjwk d/ w{zj s'A g?dk j'fJnk dZ;e/, ;G s'A T[Zuk

x'fPs eo fdZsk. s/ fco oZp se gj[zu fJ;/ “oZp d/ ftu'b/” okjhA jh ;zGt

;h. ftu'b/ dh y[Ph jk;b eoB tk;s/, T[; ƒ o[g? ;'Bk nzBki iwhB s/

nkgDhnK p/NhnK se dkB (<) ehshnK ik ojhnK ;B. fJ; iBw ftu i' Gh

dkB eo'r,/ nrb/ iBw ftu jikoK r[Dk gqkgs j'tr

/ k. nkgDh fJe bVeh dkB

eo'r/, s/ fJzdo d/ nykV/ dhnK jIkoK ;z[do n"osK gqkgs j'DrhnK. fJj ;kok

e[M ;[or ftu jh fwb/rk. i/ fJ; soQK d/ dkB g[zB BjhA eo'r/ sK jIkoK iBwk

se BoeK ftu d[y G'rD bJh ;[ZN/ ikT[r/. fJ;/ goGkt nXhB b'eh nkgDhnK

fBZehnK wk;{w pkbVhnK ƒ, dkB d/ o{g ftu fJjBK tfjPh b'eK ƒ ;"Ag fdzd/

;B. s/ T[j dfozd/ fJjBK wk;{w ebhnK ƒ w;b fdzd/ ;B, fIzdrh popkd eo

fdzd/ ;B. wzdoK ftu fJ; ohs dh ofjzd y{zjd nZi Gh b[et/A Yzr Bkb gqubs

j?. i/ e'Jh d[fynkok j?, rqhp j?, fpwko j?, sK fgSb/ iBwK d/ gkgK ekoB

j?. i/ e'Jh nwho j?, XB gdkoE jB, s/ T[j fgSb/ iBw ftu ehs/ dkB

ekoB j?. fJ;/ bJh dkB g[zB d/ Gow ikb ftu c;e/, ngDk ;G e[M

“pBko; d/ mZrK” jtkb/ eofdnK eod/ ;B. e[M e/;K ftu sK ngDk ;G

e[M b[Nk e/ eKPh fty/, Xow d/ BK s/ ;tor d/ bkbu ftu nkgD/ nkg ƒ
eotZso (nkok) Bkb fuotk b?Ad/ ;B. nbkjkpkd fty/ p'jV s'A fvZr e/
ikB rtk b?Dh, s/ rzrk Bdh ftu v[Zp woB ƒ, tZvk g[zB fejk frnk.
;fsr[o{ ;Zu/ gksPkj ih B/, Boe dk vo s/ ;tor dk bkbu w{b'A jh oZd eo
21
fdZs.
/

etB[ Boe[ fenk ;[or[ fpukok, ;zsB d'T[ okd/..

jw ekj{ eh ekfD B eYs/ ngB/ r[o go;kd/.. (969)

Bk ;[or dk bkbu, s/ Bk Boe dk vo ofjD fdZsk. i/ p[o/ ezw eo'r/

sK e'Jh s[jkƒ puk BjhA ;e/rk, uzr/ ezw eo'r/ sK e'Jh s[jkvk B[e;kB BjhA eo

;e/rk. Bkw igDk feos eoBh tzv SeDk s/ gqG{ ƒ ;dk u/s/ oZyDk. nfij/

ysoBke ns/ pj[s jh tZv/ Gow ikb ftu'A, ;wki ƒ w[es eo fdZsk. jiko

pko Bw;eko j? nfij/ wjkB pkpk ih ƒ.

nzX e{g wfj dhge[ pfbU r[fo fod? ehU gork;k]

ej[ Bkbe do;[ g/fy ;[y[ gkfJnk ;G g{oB j'Jh nk;k (1212)

Ugo/ p'bK Bkb Gkt/A nB/e ftnesh efj d/Ad/ jB fe n;hA oZph oIk

ftu okih ofjzd/ jK, go nfijk BjhA j?. pj[ frDsh fJB;kB o'wK dh p/ndph

eod/ jB. eh fJj oZp dh oik dh gosZy T[bzxDk BjhA j? < eosko B/ e[dos

ƒ pj[s ;[zdo pDkfJnk j?. wB[Zy ns/ n"osK Gh gow/;o B/ nsh ;[zdo pDkJ/

jB. b/feB wBZ[y ƒ nkgDh neb s/ e[M/ fInkdk jh wkD j' frnk. fJ;/ bJh

j'o ;'jDk pDB bJh (o'wK) dkVh e/;K dh p/ndph eodk j?. dkVh e/;K tkb/

;o{g dh fJe nkgDh fBowb fdZy j?, B{okBh goGkt j?. ;dk s'A jh Xowh

wjKg[oy dkVh e/;K dh ;zGkb eod/ nkJ/ jB. feT[Afe T[j ;jh wkfjfBnK ftu

oZph oIk ftu okih ;B. ;ko/ Grs ;kfjpkB, d;/ gkfsPkjhnK, ;kps ;{os

ftu ;B. ;fsr[o{ BkBe ;kfjp s'A b?e/ ;dk s'A f;Zy, r[o{ j[ewK w[skpe dkVh

e/;K dh ;zGkb eod/ oj/. d;w gksPkj ji{o B/, dkVh e/;K ƒ B[e;kB gkukT[D

22
tkb/ f;Zy ƒ f;Zyh ftu'A ykoi eo fdZsk. n"os tkfjr[o{ tb'A py;/ ;o{g ftu

jh ;'jDh brdh j?. i/ e'Jh wBubh n"os Bebh dkjVh e/; fujo/ Bkb fugek

bt/, sK eh T[; ƒ e'Jh uzrh nky/rk < ;r'A ;kfonK d/ wike dh gkso pD/rh.

fJ;/ soQK wB[Zy dkVh e/; eNtke/, n"os pDB dk Bkekw isB eo fojk j?.

fJ; soQK eoB Bkb T[j n"os pD BjhA ;e/rk, s/ g[o; ofj BjhA ;e/rk. fJ;/

;[zdo ;o{g ƒ ;fsr[o{ ih B/ wkD tfvnkJh pyPh ;h.

“;kps ;{os d;sko f;ok]” (1084)

jo fJB;kB fe;/ Bk fe;/ pzXB ftu pZfMnk j'fJnk j?. nkg/ ;j/Vh

e?d eZN fojk j?. tkfjr[o{ ih dk Bkw igD tk;s/, wB[Zyk ;oho gqkgs j'fJnk

;h. fJ; dk tXhnk ckfJdk Bk T[mke/ wB[Zy pzXBk dhnK p/VhnK ftu pZM

frnk. fi; fe;/ s'A w[es j'D dk Yzr g[ZfSnk, T[;B/ ;r'A j'o pzXBk ftu ieV

fdZsk, e[okj/ gk fdZsk. “s/o/ ehs/ dk cb j?, ;ik G"rDh gt/rh. dkB eo' shoEK

s/ ikT[” nkfd. go pzXBk s'A wB[Zy ƒ w[esh Bk fwbh. ;dhnK s'A wB[Zysk dh

Xow d/ Bkw s/ b[N

Z Io{o j[d
z h nk ojh j?. g?oK EZb/ fbskV/ ny"sh ;{doK B/ fe;/

dk eh ftrkfVnk j? < fiBK ƒ jIkoK ;kbK s'A w[esh BjhA fwbh. pdB;hph

G[Zywoh ns/ ijkbs B/ T[jBK dk fgZSk BjhA SZfvnk. n"os, wB[Zy dh wK G?D

gsBh ns/ Xh j?. wod dh pokpo dk nZX j'D d/ pkti{d Gh, T[;ƒ g{ok ;BwkB

BjhA fwfbnk < T[;B/ fe;/ dk eh ftrkfVnk ;h < T[;ƒ fesB/ iBwk sZe fJ;/

soQK Boeh ihtB fpskT[Dk gt/rk < ;[eokBk j? nekb g[oy ih dk fiBQK feogk

eoe/ wB[y wkso ƒ fIzdrh dh ;jh ;'Mh d/D tk;s/ ;fsr[o{ BkBe ;kfjp ih

ƒ Xosh s/ G/fink. T[jBK nke/ ihtB w[es dk gkm gVkfJnk, M{m/ bkfonK

23
s/ ftPtk; Bk eoB dh skehd eo fdsh.

;' w[esk ;z;kfo fi r[oT[gd/f;nk]

fs; eh rJh pbkfJ fwN/ nzd/f;nk]

fs;ek do;B[ d/fy irs[ fBjb[ j'fJ]

iB e? ;zfr fBjkb[ gkgK w?b[ X'fJ]

fi;[ xfN tf;nk BkT[ fs;[ pzXBk ekNhn?]

r[o gq;kfd feB/ ftob? jfo XB[ ykNhn?] (519)

ns/ ^

w[es/ ;/t/ w[esk j't?] jT[w? wwsk ;pd/ y't?] (116)

ftfu d[Bhnk ;/t ewkJhn?] sk dorj p?;D[ gkJhn?] (26)

fJ; gftZso puB d[nkok ;fsr[o{ ih fpBk fe;/ y[droih s'A ;/tk

eoB dh jdkfJs eo oj/ jB. ;/tk fpBk fteso/ s'A jo b'V tzd gqkDh wkso

dh. ;ko/ ihtK ftu fBozeko dk tk;k j?, fJ; bJh oZph Bdo d/ gkso pDB

tk;s/ ;/tk dk o;sk ;G s'A T[sw j?. fJ; Bkb ;oho foPN g[PN j[zdk j?.

jT[w? xNdh j?, wB gftZsosk tb tXD br g?Adk j?. fiBk dh ;/tk ehsh ik

ojh j?, T[jBK dhnK fgnko n;h;K gqkgs j[zdhnK jB. fJ; y/so ftu ;u/

;fsr[o{ ih B/ y[d g{oB/ gkJ/. Xow gquko okjh d/; ftd/; ftu G[Zb/ GNe/ b'eK

ƒ gow/;o d/ okj gkfJnk. p[okJhnK fteko fsnkr e/ B/eh d/ okj N'fonk.

bzro dh ;/tk, ehosB dh ;/tk, o'rhnK fpwkoK dh ;/tk. ;G s'A tZvh ;/tk ;h

rcbs dh Bhd ftu'A T[mk p/fJB;kch fto[X

Z bVB dh fjzws g?dk eo d/Dh. mhe

rbs ;Zu M{m Xow nXow, iBw woB Boe ;torHHHHH;'jDh fIzdrh fiT[D

24
bJh jo soQK dh ;'Mh eotk fdsh, sK fe n"y/ okj s/ N[ofdnK wB[Zy fEVe Bk

ikt/. fe;/ G[b/ j'J/ ƒ okj gke/ wzfib s/ g[uk d/Dk, ftekoK d/ jwfbnK s'A

;[oZfyns eo d/Dk, tv/oh ;/tk j?. fgsk ;fsr[o{ ih B/ fJj ;/tk ehsh jh

BjhA, ;r'A nkT[D tkb/ ;w/A ftu nkgD/ T[FZso nfXekohnK ƒ ;dk ;/tk ikoh

oZyD dh skehd eo fdsh. i/ edh b'V gJh sK r[o{ ;kfjp B/ ;dk jh xo xkN,

;[y
Z nkokw gqtko s/ nkgDk nkgk sZe, wB[y
Z sk d/ Gb/ fjZs, b/y/ bk fdZsk. fi;

;/tk ehfsnK jzeko g?dk Bk j't/, fe;/ s/ nfj;kB Bk iskfJnk ikt/, T[j ;/tk

;cb j? T[FZsw j?. fi; ;fsr[o{ ih B/ fBZi s'A T[mke/ ftPkb fdqPNh tkb/ pDk

fdZsk, Bw;eko j? T[; wjkB pkpk ih ƒ. ;/tk eoB tkbk wzrdk e[M BjhA, go

nekbg[oy nBzs pyf;;K Bkb M'bhnK Go fdzdk j?.

o'; B ekj{ ;zfr eoj[ nkgB nkfg phukfo]

j'fJ fBwkBk ifr ojj[ BkBe Bdoh gkfo] (259)

jo fJB;kB fe;/ ;'u fceo ftu j?, pV/ Mw/b/ jB, fdB dk u?B s/ oksK

dh BhAd T[FZv u[Zeh j?. fJ; ftnke[bsk ftu PKsh bZGfdnK, G[Zfbnk wB[Zy

BfPnK dk ;jkok sedk j?. d[ZyK s'A S[Nekok gkT[Adk ;r'A tZvh dbdb ftu

XZ;dk ubk iKdk j?. BPk T[soB s/ gfjbK Bkb'A tX gq/PkBh nk x/odh j?. fJ;

soQK e[okj/ fgnk iht, gfjbK g?;k, fco f;js s/ nzs fJZis nkpo{ Gh rtk

b?Adk j?. BPk iK s/, itkBh dk iK fco gqG{ d/ Bkw f;woD dk jh pj[s j[zdk

j?. so; nkT[Adk j? T[jBK dh jkbs s/, i' i[nkBh ftu BP/ dk ;jkok bGd/

jB. T[j edh fe;/ ƒ ;jkok BjhA d/ ;eDr/. ;r'A e[M jh ;w/A d/ nzdo T[jBK

dh fIzdrh o[b iKdh j?. nwb sK gqPkd/ dk jh ek|h j?. B/ehnK uzfrnkJhnK

25
dk pVk wkD j[zdk j?. BfPnK ftu'A edh Gh y[Ph B;hp BjhA j[zdh. iBw;kyh

ftu c[owkD j? ^

g';s Gzr nchw ;G T[so ikfJ Gogks.

Bkw y[wkoh BkBek uVh oj/ fdB oks.

XzBtkd j? ;fsr[o{ ih dk fiBK jo fteko s'A jZE d/e/ puk fbnk.

“fJs[ wd[ ghs? BkBek pj[s/ yNhnfj fpeko]” (554)

r[of;Zyh B/ ;fsr[o{ BkBe ;kfjp ih d/ xo iBw fbnk. fgsk r[o{ ih

s'A r[opkDh o{gh b'ohnK rhs (r[opkDh) f;Zy/, T[Arb cVe/ fBZe/ edwK Bkb

fgsk ih d/ fgZS/ N[o/. nZm r[o{ ;kfjpkB B/ fJ;ƒ gotkB uVkT[D fjs

nDfrDs xkbDk xkbhnK. d;w gkfsPkj ji{o B/ r[o f;Zyh ƒ ftek; dh

f;yobh u'Nh s/ g[uk fdZsk. fit/A itkB j' u[e/ g[s

Z o ƒ fgsk ;kohnk fizwt
/ kohnK

:'r ikD e/ ;zGkb fdzdk j?. c"i ftu ozro{N ƒ f;gkjh dh todh d/D tes,

f;Zfynk g{oh j'D s/, tckdkoh dh e;w u[etkJh iKdh j?. fit/A u[D/ rJ/ MLA

MP ƒ nj[dk ;zGkbD s'A gfjbK jbc b?Dk Io{oh j?. fJ;/ soQK ;kohnK

wjZstg{oB fIzw/tkohnK ;"gD s'A gfjbK, d;t/A BkBe ih B/, ofjsK fdqV

eotkJhnK. r[owfs d/ ;ko/ gZy ;wMke/, fJj tuB fbnk fe uko tZvhnK

rbshnK (pZio e[ofjsK) BjhA eoBhnK. dkVQh e/;K dh p/ndph BjhA eoBh.

szpke{ ;w/s e'Jh BPk BjhA tosDk. jbkb iK e[Zmk wk; BjhA ykDk. gosB

rkwh BjhA j'Dk. i/ e'Jh f;Zy fJjBK tZvhnK e[ofjsK ftu'A, fJe e[ofjs Gh eo

d/t/, T[;ƒ r[o{ e/ gqtko (f;Zyh wzvb) ftu'A ykoi wzfBnk ikt/rk. fJj w/ok

j[ew j?, ;fsr[o{ ih B/ uzrh soQK jdkfJs eo fdZsh. fJjBK puBk dh f;ZyK B/

ihn ikB Bkb gkbDk ehsh. f;Zy izrK i[XK d/ fGnkBe ;w/A ftu Gh, gkg eow
26
eoB' pu/ oj/, s/ ;cbsktK fJjBK d/ edw u[w
z dhnK ojhnK. nZi d/ iwkB/ ftu

J/vI torh Bkw[okd fpwkoh, “gosB rkwhnK” ƒ rkb ;[Ndh j?. fJjBK

wko{ o'rK s'A e/tb ofjstkB r[o{ ek f;Zy jh pfunk ofj ;edk j?. BP/ nsh

wko{ jB, ;wki ƒ nzdo/ nzdo yk oj/ jB. jbkb wk; dk ;pzX ;t?wkD Bkb

j?. f;Zy dh nkgDh nkIkd j;sh j?, fJ; B/ fe;/ dk p/b'Vk dpkT[ gqtkB BjhA

eoBk. i[bw ƒ mZb gkT[D tk;s/ f;Zy feogkB Io{o oy/rk. fJjBK ehs/ eT[b

eokoK ekoB, ;fsr[o{ ih d/ fBowb G? ftu ofjzfdnK, f;Zy ftekoK dhnK yZvK

ftu roe j'D' ;dk tk;s/ wfjc{i j' rJ/. fJjBK fBnwk ns/ ;'jDh d;sko

;ih j'D eoe/ f;Zy bZyK ftu gSkfDnk sK iKdk jh j?, ;z[dosk ftu Y/o ;kok

tkXk Gh j[zdk j?.

“ykb;k w/o' o{g j? yk;] ykb;/ wfj jT[ eoT[A fBtk;]”

(;opb'j)

f;Zy ;dk jh d[Zy ;Z[y ;w/A oZph oik ftu okih ofjzd/ jB. go Bkb jh

T[d
Z w Gh f;Zy eodk j?. fJ;ƒ ikd{ wzsoK, r?ph PeshnK s/ e'Jh ftPtk; BjhA,

fJj nekb g[oy s/ Go';k oZy e/ fwjBs eodk j?. ;fsr[o{ ih d/ frnkB ns/

;ohoe skes okjh, ;ko/ d[yK dk Bk; s/ ;[ZyK dh gqkgsh eodk j?. fJ; d/;

dh fJj tZvh pdfe;wsh ojh j? fe fJE/ ftjbVK b[N/fonK dk ;BwkB ehsk

iKdk j?, ekfwnK feoshnK dk nkgwkB. fJ;/ bJh jZEhA fwjBs eoB dh o[uh

jh ysw j' rJh.

fe;ws dh nk; bkJh oZyDh, ik fe;/ r?ph Pesh tb'A nuBu/sh ;ZG

e[ZM fwb ikD d/ ;[gB/ b?D/, ;fsr[o{ ih ƒ wzi{o BjhA jB. ;fsr[o{ ih y[d ;t/

o/ ibdh ikrd/, fJ;BkB eo, Bkw ftu i[Vd/, ;zrsh o{g ftu ehosB eEk
27
eod/. T[gd/P j[zdk, y/sK ftu ezw eod/, bzro fsnko eotkT[Ad/, fJ;/ ftXh

Bkb ;ko/ ;/te f;Zy Gh ;wK b/y/ bkT[Ad/. d;w BkBe ji{o sZe ftek; eod/,

wzibK s?j eod/, f;Zy “;zs ns/ f;gkjh” pD u[Ze/ ;B. ;fsr[o{ ih dh ;ohoe

w"i{drh ftu sK ;|bsktK jk;b ehshnK jh ;B, T[jBK d/ i'sh i's ;wkT[D

s'A pkd, f;oK s/ yZcD pzB e/, ;" ;kb sZe ikbwK Bkb b'jk b?Ad/ oj/. nIkdh

fpBk TF[Zdw ehfsnK BjhA nkJh. y/sh B"eoh d[ekB T[FZdw eoB s/ jh ;cb j'

;edh j?, fe;/ eokwksh Pesh Bkb BjhA. nZi b'V j?, fe fjzws eoe/ r[opkDh

dk noEK ;w/s gkm nkozG eohJ/. nzfwqs SeD s'A nkb; BK eohJ/. Xow

gquko eoB ftu fjZ;k gkJhJ/. fJj ;wki s/ ;z;ko T[Zdw d/ pbp[s/ jh ;'jDk

j? s/ oj/rk. nkb;h b'eK B/ edh ;wki dk e[ZM BjhA ;ztkfonk. T[Zdwh b'e d/P

dk w{zj wZEk ;ztko fdzd/ jB. fJ;/ bJh f;Zy wkJh GkJh B/ T[FZdwPhb j'Dk j?.

fJj ftXhnK sohe/ ihtB iku, ;fsr[o{ pkpk BkBe ;kfjp ih dh feogk Bkb

gqkgs j'JhnK jB.

frnkB[ fXnkB[ feS[ eow[ B ikDk, ;ko Bk ikDk s/oh]

;G s/ tvk ;fsr[o[ BkBe[, fifB eb okyh w/oh] (750)

w? w{oy eh e/se pks j?, e'fN gokXh sfonk o/]

r[o[ BkBe[ fiB ;[fDnk g/fynk, ;/ fcfo roGkf; B gfonk o/] (612)

28
 b/ye dhnK j'o ouBktK
g[;seK
1H Xow d/ BK s/HHH.
2H ;kvk p/Vk fJT[A rofenkHHH.
3H g"okDe eEktK dk nzs.
4H gzikp ftu'A f;ZyK dk ;opBk;.
feskpu/
1H d;tzX gqzgok
2H w?B{z f;Zyh s/ wkD j?
3H r[o{ noi[B ;kfjp ih
4H wkbk dh eokwks
5H f;Zy f;XKs
6H ro[V uV/ r'fpzd nkfJbk
7H fdB[ o?fD ;G ;[jktD/
8H ;G s/ tvk ;fsr[o{ BkBe[
nkvhU ;hHvhI
1H f;Zy f;XksK dk fBy/Vk (18 xzN/ eEk MP-3)
2H fJfsjk; dk r"ot (10 xzN/ eEk MP-3)
3H eh fJj f;ZyK d/ fsT[jko jB< (10 xzN/ eEk MP-3)
4H r[oT[gd/;a eh j?< (10 xzN/ eEk MP-3)
5H pBko; d/ mZr (10 xzN/ eEk MP-3)
6H tfjw Gow feT[A< (10 xzN/ eEk MP-3)
7H r[opkDh dk ukBD (10 xzN/ eEk MP-3)
8H r[opkDh d/ 52 j[ew (26 xzN/ d'' Gkr eEk MP-3)
9H f;Zyh s/ wkD (10 xzN/ eEk MP-3)
thvhU ;hHvhia
10H f;Zyh dk wkD (thvhU ;hvh eEk)
11H r[o{ nwodk; ih (thvhU ;hvh eEk)
12H nodk; eh j?< (thvhU ;hvh eEk)
13H uVQdh ebk fet/A j't/ (thvhU ;hvh d' Gkr ;[nkb i[nkp)
14H eh Boe ;[or j?< (thvhU ;hvh)
15H Xow ftfdnk io{oh (thvhU ;hvh)
 cfsj gpbhe/;aBi

;kv/ tZb'A sZs r[ows gqrN eoB tkb/ eoKsheko ftdtkBK dhnK

nBw'b g[;seK fwb ;edhnK jB. fiBQK ftu wkbk c/oB, u"eV/ wkoe/

;wkXhnK bkT[D, fpBK ;wM/ f;woB eoB s/ ozr pozr/ gkm eoB d/ sohe/ BjhA

f;ykJ/ rJ/, ;r'A gzE dh uVQdh ebk tk;s/, fBoG? j' e/, fjZeK skDe/, ebw dh

p/i'V skes okjhA, ;z;ko ;Bw[y r[opkDh d/ ukBD ftu, jZe gqkgs eoB bJh

wod/ w[ikfjd pDkT[dhnK jB. i' b/ye ftekT{ BjhA pD/, Gkt/A xo iwhB ;G

fte rJ/. e[M fBXVe b/yeK B{z g[ikohnK B/ “gzE” ftu S/e fdsk j?. pkehnK

B{z S/eD dh fsnkoh ftu jB. n;hA ft;atk;a d[nkT[Ad/ jK fe ;kvhnK goyhnK

s/ gVhnK j'JhnK feskpK jh s[jkv/ jZEK ftu g[iDrhnK. r[owfs fto'Xh e{Vk

eoeN BjhA g[Zi/rk. ftfrnkBe BiaohJ/ Bkb r[opkDh dh e;tZNh s/ goyhnK,

sZs r[owfs g[;seK s/ ;hHvhiaH wzrkT[D bJh ;kv/ Bkb ;zgoe eo' ih.

feskpK fwbD dk gsk

eztodhg f;zx
cfsj gpbhe/;aBia
91^ftfdnk Bro, ;kjwD/ gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh,
gfNnkbk (gzikp). w'pH L 98144^55582