CIHM ICIMH

Microfiche Collection de
Series microfiches
({Monographs) (monographies)

Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiquas

 Technical and Bibliographic Notes / Notes techniques et bibliographiques

The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original
copy available for filming. Features of this copy which
may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any of
the images in the reproduction, or which may
significantly change the usual method
checked below.
a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'ii lui a
L'Institut
de se procurer. Les details de cet exem-
6t6 possible
plaire qui sont peut-dtre uniques du point de vue bibli-
ographique, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite,
of filming are ou qui peuvent exiger une modiftoation dans la m^tho-
de normale de filmage sont indiqu^s ci-dessous.

D Coloured covers /
Couverture de couleur
I I
Coloured pages / Pages de couleur

Pages damaged / Pages endommagtes

D
I I

Covers damaged /

Couverture endommagte
D Pages restored and/or laminated /
Pages restaurtes et/ou pellicul^es

D Covers restored and/or laminated

Couverture restaur^e et/ou pellicula
/

Q Pages discoloured, stained or foxed /

Pages dteolor^s, tachet^es ou piqudes
n Cover title missing / Le litre de couverture manque
I I
Pages detached / Pages d6tach6es
Coloured maps / Cartes g^ographiques en couleur
\\/\ Showthrough / Transparence

n Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black) /

Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) r~7| Quality of print varies
Quality in^gale
/

de I'impression

n Coloured plates and/or illustrations /

Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur
D Includes supplementary material
Comprend du materiel suppl^mentaire
/

Bound with other material /

Reli^ avec d'autres documents

D Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips,
tissues, etc.,have been refilmed to ensure the best

n Only edition available /

Seule Edition disponible
possible image / Les pages totalement ou
partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une
pelure, etc., ont 6\6 film^s k nouveau de fa^on h
Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along obtenir la meilleure image possible.
interior margin / La reliure serr^ peut causer de
I'ombre ou
int^rieure.
de la distorsion le long de la marge
D Opposing pages with varying colouration or
discolourations are filmed twice to ensure the best
possible image / Les pages s'opposant ayant des

n Blank leaves added during restorations may appear

within the text. Whenever possible, these have been
colorations variables
film^es deux fois afin d'obtenir
ou des decolorations sont
la meilleure image
omitted from filming / se peut que certaines pages
II possible.
blanches ajout^es lors d'une restauration
apparaissent dans le texte, mais, lorsque cela 6tait
possible, ces pages n'ont pas 6\6 film^es.

n Additional comments /
Commentaires supplemental res:

This (tern is filnwd at the raduction ratio chsclced below /

C* documant ast filing au taux da rMuction indiqui ci-dassous.

lOx 14x 18x 22x 26x 30x

V
12x 16x 20x 24x 28x 32x
Tha copy filmtd htr« hat baan raproducad thanks L'axamplaira film* fut raproduit grica k la
to tha ganaroaity of: gAnArotitA da:

Library Bibliothiqua
AgricuKurt Canada Agriculturt Canada

Tha imagaa appaaring hara ara tha baat quality
poaaibia conaidaring tha condition and lagibility
of tha original copy and in kaaping with tha
filming contract apacificationa.
Laa imagaa suivantaa ont 4t4 raproduitaa avac la
plua grand aoin, compta tanu da la condition at
da la nattat* da l'axamplaira 1\\mt. at an
conformity avac laa conditiona du contrat do
filmaga.

Original copiaa in printad papar covara ara filmad Laa axemplairaa originaux dont la couvartura en
baginning with tha front covar and anding on papier eat ImprimAa aont film<a an commandant
the laat page with a printad or illuatratad impraa- par la premier plat at en terminant soit par la
aion, or tha back covar whan appropriate. All darnlAre page qui comporte une emprainte
othar original copiaa ara filmad baginning on tha d'impreaaion ou d'illuatration, aoit par la aacond
firat paga wKh a printad or illuatratad impraa- plat, aalon le caa. Toua laa autrea axamplairaa
aion. and anding on the laat paga with a printad originaux aont fiimta an commanpant par la
or Illuatratad impraaaion. premiere page qui comporte une empreinte
d'impreasion ou d'illuatration at en terminant par
la darniire page qui comporte une telle
empreinte.

The recorded frame on each microfiche

laat Un dea aymbolea auivanta apparaTtra aur la
ahall contain the —
aymbol *> (meaning "CON- derniire image de cheque microfiche, aalon le
TINUED"), or the aymbol V
(meaning "END"), caa: le aymbole —0- aignifie "A SUIVRE", le
whichever appliaa. aymbole aignifie "FIN".

Mapa, platea, charta, etc., may be filmed at
different reduction ratioa. Those too large to
entirely included in one expoaure are filmad
beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to
right and top to bottom, aa many framea aa
required. The following diagrama illustrate the
method:
Lea cartea. planchaa, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre
be fllm<a A dea taux de reduction diffirenu.
Lo'i ue le document eat trop grand pour Atre
repuduit en un aeul clichA, 11 eat film* i partir
de Tangle aupirieur gauche, de gauche h droite,
et de haut an baa, en prenant le nombre
d'imagas nicesaaire. Lea diagrammea auivanta
illustrant la mithode.

1 2 3

1 2 3

4 5 6
MICROCOPY nSOlUTION TMT CHART
(ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No 2)

A /APPLIED IN/HGE
'653 Eo9t Mam
New ^q'V
Rochester,
Stf«t
t4609
(?16) +82 - 0300 - Phone
(716) 288 - 5989 - Fa«
USA
I
 fa^
^iCM' *>' ^i^
i

direular iillHlii No. 14. Prinf d by Authority of ttw LtgUI«tlv» > smbly.
(Srd Kdltlen.)

PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA.

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
(I.ivK Skkk IIhamiii. i:

COMMUNITY BREEDING. it

By I'M>»Efi8oR W. T. M( »I>NAI.I>, .M.S..V., I.IVK STIMK COMMISHIONKB.

|.\ KVKUY liiiiKl we fliul fxiimples of the ndvnntiiKe of ..)iicertt'd effort.

IndlvUluiil I'litiTpilseg. howover Huwpssful, nre umuiII.v
<l.>iM«ii<lciit to
n KHiit t'xtfiit iiiKiu the co-openitlou or
«u|>i)ort of other liullvUUmls.
Kv.-ii the i-rwhicer of a hl^h (jnule
produet fliidg thiit the profits of
his hiiHiiieMS dejK'nd lurtfely on his beliiK iible
to Hiid purchasers who
U|»pretlate the merit of his product.
("o-o|*rntloM JB iidnilltwlly ndvnnt«Beoi.«. We fliid its Influence In all great
\^r
Industries, thouKli to a
leswr th-gree in nBricnlture than elsewhere. So ninti.v
early
attempts on the part of farmers to form a>so. lations for
mutual benc'tlt had" fail.tl
that the verdict had gone forth, " Farmers cannot
co-operate." We are glad that
this verdict was not universally a.cepted,
and that many su.nvssfully nianagwl
co^)peratlve enterprises prove It to he false. Ix>t us
not forget, however, that
c-o-o|)eratlon has been and still is dlttlcult to effect
among farmers. At the' same
time, let ua accept the fact that the trouble Is
to be found, not In the i.rlnclple
lnvolv«l. but in ourselves. The life of the farmer tends to develop an Indeiwndent
siilrit which may resent submission to
the wishes of others, without which we
eanuot have eo-ojieratlou.
Confldeuce in those with whom we are associated is also
Important I trust
that you will imrdon the statement that It la my
MIef that a lack of c.mfldence Is
resiKJnsible for many failures am.,iig farmers' organizations.
We have hiH-n pleased
to hear otH.e-seekers si)eak of us as "honest
farmers" lu a tone that insinuate*!
that we were about the only honest class of [leople on
earth. That InsinuatUm has
done a great deal of harm. Fre.,uently It caused a loss
of conHdence In those
engaged in other oc. npiitlons, and the final result was a loss
of faith In all nninkind
Including the fellow-farmer. May we not go one ste|)
farther and sui.|)ose that not
Infreipienfly it promptid the thought. " If all others are dishonest, why sh.mld I
be honest " ? The man who Is himself dishonest finds It a difficult matter to believe
In the integrity of others.
Community breeding does not necessarily Involve a definite organization.
To
re' t the greatest good to the community, there should be.
In
however, a common
m se. Tlie i'tToi-ta of such a system can best be olwrvwl
In the pnmiineut Ilve-
«t< K countries of Kuroi*. England alone has given to the world many distinct
breeds of live stock as a result of community breeding.
The farmers of n certain
district would decide on the bt-st type of animals
for their local conditions and
by consistent combined efforts developed a breed of excellent
characteristics.
I frequently find a desire on the
part of men who contemplate entering the
pure-bred business to select a breed that no one else In
the conununltv Is breeding
This plan is suggestjil by the belief that they will in this
manner Ik> able to avoid
competition. This belief we find Is not supiwrtcd by the
results whi.h follow

»Jo-4-
 Prmprrtlv* biiyprn do not carp to vl«lt nn l«)lntrd Imril. Tlicy |irt*r<>r cnlnri ro a
i-iiiiiiiiiiiilty III wliU'li wvtTiil licriN of llii> fiiiiiii> lirfol run Im- lii'iitH'ttHl, iiml |>iir-

tU-iiliirly mIuiuIiI im>vitii1 iiiiIiiihIh Im- ilvMlrcil, Very often tln-ri' In ii iiiiirkct for
cur loud lotii. Hllcli (irdiTN ciin only lii> llllt>d liy liirKc lirtttlcrM, or l>y Hcvcral xniiill

brt>«>di'rii In ilio iiint' niniiiiuiiity. Tlu' Itnycr In iniiklnK np ii xliliHncnt ilcMlrt<ii to

imrcliiiMe anlnnilR nciir tht> |>olnt of hhlpnicnt. nml HiiiIn It vi>i'y liii'onvt>nlt>nt to
brliiK Indivldnnl nnlniiilH any dlatancf to tlnit jMiliit. It thpreforn hptonicx ii|>|mr«'iit

that toniinunlty lirt'iHliiiK fiirnlxlicfi to tin* Nniall lirvcdcr an ttn-at, or iirolmMy even
greater ndvuntiiK>'» than an- i>iiJoyi>d liy the extensive lirctilcr in the niarketliiK of
Miir|iUlH 8tiN-k.
('uuiiuiinity lirt'odlni; afforiN an opiNirttinity to sflect iiroveii Nirei*. 'I'lie nnijorlty
of brcederM of pure'brc<l HtiH'k reall/e the daiiKor of nwliiK an nnlrleil mIiv. No
matter bow nirefully we Hele<'t the male to head the herd or Hock, IiIn true worth
can only be ik-termlued by the character of hlx progeny. How often have we nei-n
the prize-winning Individual of excellent pediitree prove a dlxappoiiitnient iin a Hire.
(Ml the other hand, we have Hi>en the animal that Htumped IiIm get with ontHtandlng
merit Meiit to the HlnunbU>H while yet In hlx prime, Mlinply U'caiixe no one elxe in the
community waH handllnx that particular hreed. We cannot Imagine mu<'Ii a thing
liapptMiIng In a locnliiy where tliere were several fannerH intci-oitcil in tiie Hamc
hrtHMl. We cannot ovcyeslimate the value of xecurlng a Hire regarding wlilcb there
i« no doubt ax to pc-pi.teniy. nor can we ovcrestlninle tiie harm that iiiiiy result

from the |iroiniM4 uouh ii.se In a giHMl lierd of a |>roinislng yoiirg Mire tiiat fallit tn
transmit desiraliie i|ualitieti.
A tliird ini|Hirtant beiietlt to Ih' derivi-d from cuinmunity bree<ling Is tliat result-
ing from a mutual interest in a coninion cause. TIiIk cannot e.\lst to tiie same
degre<' among men wlio are eadi breeding a dllTerent class of stock. .Mr. Itrown,
who is briH-diiig .Feiseys, enters into conversation with his neighlsnir, wiio is breed-
ing Ayr»hir»>s. Itrown sets forth the cbarins of a Jersey cow tl it has Just com-
pleted a grand record, and Jones, out of pure loyalty to the Ayrsl'ire. I'luimpioiiM
some favinirite animal of that lireed. How dllTerent from the conversation of the
two iietglilMiurs who are both lireeding llolsteiiis. Tiicy rejoice together in each
victory of tiie breed, <'ongratuIate each other 4111 the fact that tlu'y are Itreeding the
liest cattle on earth, and go lioine to care for their lier<Is, tilled with new eiithnsiusm.

'Hie State of Wis<'oiisiii proltably furnlslies the best of exa .iples of community
breeding. The work bus iH'come well organised in many districts, and has Ih-cii
carrleil on for a sntllcient lengtii of time to denion.strate the f- sIM'Ify of tiie plan.
The first organl/.atii'ii In Wisi-oiisin was effected in VMH', tiy i. • ,. lia (inernsey
llre«'ders' Association. Tlie work of tills association has i . not only to
the development of pure-bred lierds. but to grade csillle . .\

During the summer of I'.Hrtt I had liie pleasure of '

farms of tlie
various memlH'rs of the Waukeslia (Juern.sey Hreeders' A . lon. In deciding
wliere 1 should go to imrcliase the foundation stock for a «iuernsey herd, 1 concluded
llmt Waukesha County would furniHli the best opiHtrtnnities for the seltM'tion of
the stock we wanted. Tlie particular locality bad been brought to my attention by
the fact that the dairymen wcie putting into practice couiiuunity breeding. I was
II
very favourably Impressed by the gixHlwili tiiat existed among the meiiilK>rs. They
were Interested in each otiiers" progress and drawn together by a coninion interest.
Not only were they familiar witii the nicrils of the cattle owiwsl liy the various
members, but evidenced a keen knowledge of all their farm ii|H'r;itions. The results
of a new method of tillage, a new crop, ,1 new variety of a standard crop, or a new
metho<l of hauling dairy products would be watched by all members, and all wen;
ready to adopt wliatever jirovcd to be advantageous, AVitli siuii a spirit of <o-
operation any coniniuiilty Is is)uiid to make progress.
Lake Mills.Wisconsin, furnishes another examjile of tiie success that ni.iy
aLtend cominuiiity lireediiig. .As high as .$17."i,(KHI wortli of llolstein cattle liave biH'U

sliipiied from I.,iike Mills in a single year, and even th«'n It was found Imiiossllde
to sill "ly the demand.

2
 '.' til.' liiiiKtIliiK of ,.iil> on., i.r 1 f . Mttli. Ill 11 iliMirh t wuni | )w „ii uii'iil
««i .11, IblH In hot iHHv-siiry. \V.. DihI ,ih iimiiy u* i|ir.>.' UnmU rfprHwinil l.»
I
ii«

'"•*
many ortr.iiilxntl.iiiN

H.rtuiilty for nttaliiliiR

,ii »...v.-r»l n
ll... I.l.iil
tl...« ..f \VI«.oi,»Ui.
.on.lltl,,,, In «>mi.> i.nrl* ..f
At tlii> niiih> tliiir w
IIHIUli <'..luihl.lii
Tiik... for <.Xi.iii|,I... IVn.ler Nl.ni.l. tlmt,
I i,..||,.v.. ,ii onlv j.-wvn »r «i-
|.r.K,.nt.
.U-vn,.,H ,xr>' l.r...| o.| in.. iHlHii.l. an.l I v.-niuro It a<« my
opinion timl tin. J..r».v
l.r..,M«TH woul.l Im. Juxtll!...! In .IIh, n.inuln« lln- lutro.liirtl.Mi of .nttle of ,.nnt|i..V
l.rwil to I'lMi.lor. Voii Hll know „ii„.r vi.inltl.^. wli.-ii- It woul.l not \h> ,i .Iim<nlt
niiittfi- to I'onlliii- linH-illiiK i>|«'i-iitloiw to one |>iii'tl<iiliir hn-.-*!.
S<.in.. on., nniy my Unit I'fn.lfr Ixliin.! U i:ot Inrn.. •iioukIi to form m br.Hillinf
(rronn.l of .in.v lni|H.Han.-... U-i m.. cnll your ,.tt.M>tlon to wlmt lins i„ „,,,,in
l.llHh.Ml on i.noih..r ximill iHhimt. Tli.. iHl.iml of j.-rwy. whi.li
u ol..v,.n milfx \„ua
lit 111.. IonK,.st pint, nii.l Hlx inll.-M wl.l.. m IIm wl.l..Ht part, malntiilim IS.tNH) |„.,„i
of .•iittl... What J.-r^.y iniK arr.pnipllMtu'il xlioiilil l„. „ii linvntlv.. to nil. and hIioiiI.I
H..I-V.. to linpr..HH on iik tli.. ur.'.it ih,»»11,iIIII..s of tin- .atll.. br.....llni; In.liixlrv In
lli-ltlHli t'olnniblii.

8ELECTB0 LIST OF BULLETINS AND CIRCULARS ISSUED BY TH£

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, VICTORIA, B.C.
.\o. 32. Control of liovlni- Tiil><'r<iilo»|« hi llriilHli .'olninlila.
„ (Hi. SlloH anil SllaK...
„ (17. F»....lln({ anil ManaK.'incnt of Haliy Cattl...
„ 71. Ituttor nmkliiK on tht- Farm, cVitl l;.||||oii.)
.. 72. Milkt..i<tlii({ anil Ihiliy |{^'l•o|•,|^.

flnular niillttln .No. 1. TboUHnntl-lit'ail..(l Kalo. (2nil ••illllon.)

AKrI. I>..pt. cir. .\... IJ. Community l»r.....llni{. Clr.l o.lltlon.i
•• '•"• '•'be Hrl'iMli Coliimbiii FiirniT anil IiIm .siIo.
., .. ;«». .Milk, tbc I'rotwflv.. F.mmI.

Writ., to tin- l>..parlin..nt of Aj:ri.iJiniv. Vl.loria. It.C.. for anv of tin- nl.ov..
or a full llHt of inibllcailoiis.

vurroHiA. li.c.
ITInleU \<t William II. Clllix, ITIiilfr to tlie KIiik'b .M.wt ExcHI.'iit Majniy.
1020.