Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
6LPXODWLRQRI7KUHHSKDVH9ROWDJH6RXUFH3:05HFWLILHU%DVHGRQWKH6SDFH
9HFWRU0RGXODWLRQ
:DQJ;X+XDQJ.DL]KHQJ<DQ6KLMLH;X%LQ
'HSDUWPHQWRI0HDVXUHPHQW7HFKQRORJ\ ,QVWUXPHQWDWLRQ8QLYHUVLW\RI1RUWKHDVWHUQ
(PDLOLFHVWRU\[R#FRP
$EVWUDFW7KH6LQXVRLGDO3XOVH:LGWK0RGXODWLRQ63:0WHFKQLTXHLVXVHGLQWKHFRQYHQWLRQDOYROWDJHVRXUFH3:0
UHFWLILHU DQG WKH 63:0 FRQWURO ZDYHIRUP FDQ EH REWDLQHG E\ WKH LQWHUSKDVH GHFRXSOLQJ +RZHYHU WKH SURFHVV LV
FRPSOH[DQGWKHXWLOL]DWLRQUDWLRRIWKH'&YROWDJHLVORZ7KLVSDSHUSURSRVHVWKH6SDFH9HFWRU3XOVH:LGWK0RGXODWLRQ
693:0FRQWUROVFKHPHIRUWKUHHSKDVHYROWDJHVRXUFH3:0UHFWLILHUZKLFKLVEDVHGRQLWVPRGHOLQV\QFKURQRXV
UHIHUHQFHIUDPH7KH'&EXVYROWDJHDQGSRZHUIDFWRURIWKH3:0UHFWLILHUDUHUHJXODWHGZLWKKLJKSHUIRUPDQFH7KH
SDSHUSUHVHQWVWKH0$7/$%6,08/,1.VLPXODWLRQPRGHO7KHUHVXOWVFRQILUPWKHYDOLGLW\RIWKHPRGHODQGLWVFRQWURO
PHWKRG &RPSDUHG ZLWK WKH WUDGLWLRQDO 63:0 PHWKRG WKH VLPXODWLRQ UHVXOWV VKRZ WKDW WKLV PHWKRG FDQ LPSURYH
G\QDPLFSHUIRUPDQFHRIWKHV\VWHPREYLRXVO\
.H\:RUGV63:03:0UHFWLILHU693:0SRZHUIDFWRU
GXW\F\FOHVRIVSDFHYROWDJHYHFWRUVWUDFNLQJWKHUHIHUHQFHYROWDJH
,1752'8&7,21 YHFWRULQHDFKVHFWRULQWKHVSDFHYHFWRU
3RZHU HOHFWURQLFV HTXLSPHQWV EHFRPH PRUH ZLGHO\ XVHG
8QIRUWXQDWHO\WKHVWDQGDUGGLRGH7K\ULVWRUEULGJHUHFWLILHUVDWWKH
6<67(0'(6&5,37,21
LQSXW VLGH FDXVH VHYHUDO SUREOHPV DV /RZ LQSXW SRZHU IDFWRU 7KH FLUFXLW GLDJUDP RI WKH WKUHHSKDVH YROWDJH VRXUFH UHFWLILHU
KLJK YDOXHV RI KDUPRQLF GLVWRUWLRQ RI DF OLQH FXUUHQWV DQG VWUXFWXUH LVVKRZQLQ )LJ ,Q RUGHUWR VHW XS PDWK PRGHOLW LV
KDUPRQLFSROOXWLRQRQWKHJULG7KH3:0UHFWLILHULVDSUHIHUUHG DVVXPHGWKDWWKH$&YROWDJHLVDEDODQFHGWKUHHSKDVHVXSSO\WKH
FKRLFHIRUSURYLGLQJDGFYROWDJHVRXUFHIRUGFORDGVRUYROWDJH ILOWHUUHDFWRULVOLQHDU,*%7LVLGHDOVZLWFKDQGORVVOHVV>@:KHUH
VRXUFH IHG GULYHV GXH WR LWV FDSDELOLW\ RI LQSXW SRZHU IDFWRU X D XE XF
UHJXODWLRQ OLQH FXUUHQW KDUPRQLF PLWLJDWLRQ GF YROWDJH FRQWURO DQG DUH WKH SKDVH YROWDJHV RI WKUHH SKDVH EDODQFHG
DQGELGLUHFWLRQDOSRZHUIORZ>@>@ LD LE LF YGF
YROWDJH VRXUFH DQG DQG DUH SKDVH FXUUHQWV LV WKH
0DQ\FRQWUROWHFKQLTXHVKDYHEHHQDGRSWHGIRUWKHVHUHFWLILFDWLRQ 5
GHYLFHV WR LPSURYH WKH LQSXW SRZHU IDFWRU DQG VKDSH WKH LQSXW '&RXWSXWYROWDJH DQG / PHDQUHVLVWDQFHDQGLQGXFWDQFHRI
FXUUHQWRIWKHUHFWLILHULQWRVLQXVRLGDOZDYHIRUP7KHSKDVHDQG ILOWHUUHDFWRUUHVSHFWLYHO\&LVVPRRWKLQJFDSDFLWRUDFURVVWKHGF
DPSOLWXGH FRQWURO 3$& VHHPV WR EH WKH PRVW VLPSOH VWUXFWXUH
EXV
5/ XUD XUE XUF
LV WKH '& VLGH ORDG DQG DUH WKH LQSXW
DQGSURYLGHVDJRRGVZLWFKLQJSDWWHUQEXWWKHGFRIIVHWRQLQSXW
FXUUHQW RI WKH UHFWLILHU GXULQJ WUDQVLHQW VWDWH GHWHULRUDWHV WKH L/
YROWDJHVRIUHFWLILHUDQG LVORDGFXUUHQW
FRQWURO V\VWHP VWDELOLW\ 7KH FXUUHQW UHJXODWLQJ IDVKLRQ LQ 7KHIROORZLQJHTXDWLRQVGHVFULEHWKHG\QDPLFDOEHKDYLRXURIWKH
V\QFKURQRXV IUDPH KDV WKH DGYDQWDJHV RI IDVW G\QDPLF FXUUHQW ERRVWW\SHUHFWLILHULQ3DUNFRRUGLQDWHGRULQGT
UHVSRQVH JRRG DFFXUDF\ IL[HG VZLWFKLQJ IUHTXHQF\ DQG OHVV
VHQVLWLYHWR SDUDPHWHU YDULDWLRQV >@ ,Q DFWXDOLPSOHPHQWDWLRQV GLG
WKHGLUHFWFXUUHQWFRQWUROVFKHPHLVZLGHO\DGRSWHG ° / GW = XG − LG 5 + ω /LT − XUG
°
7KHUH DUH PDQ\ GLIIHUHQW 3:0 PRGXODWLRQ WHFKQLTXHV VXFK DV ° GLT
VLQXVRLGDO 3:0 VSDFH YHFWRU 3:0 GHOWD PRGXODWLRQ ®/ = XT − LT 5 − ω /LG − X UT
WHFKQLTXHV,WKDVEHHQDQDO\]HGWKHRUHWLFDOO\DQGSURYHGWKDWWKH ° GW
693:0WHFKQLTXHLVPD\EHWKHEHVWPRGXODWLRQVROXWLRQRQWKH ° G9GF 9
ZKROH °& = − GF + 6G LG + 6 T LT
¯ GW 5/
693:0LVWKHEHVWZD\WRVXSSUHVVKDUPRQLFVDQGXVHGWRDGMXVW
PRWRU YHORFLW\ (VSHFLDOO\ LW FDQ DWWDLQ ORZ KDUPRQLFV HYHQ LQ X 6 9
GF UT T X 6 9
GF UG UT DQG G T DUHX X 6 6
:KHUH UG G
ORZHU RSHUDWLQJ IUHTXHQF\ $QG DQRWKHU PHULW HPSOR\LQJ LQSXWYROWDJHRIUHFWLILHUVZLWFKIXQFWLRQLQV\QFKURQRXVURWDWLQJ
693:0 LQ 3:0 LQYHUWHU FDQ DFKLHYH PRUH IXQGDPHQWDO X L
X L
FRPSRQHQWDPRQJRXWSXWYROWDJH:LWKWKHGHYHORSPHQWRI'63 GT FRRUGLQDWH UHVSHFWLYHO\ G T DQG G T DUH YROWDJH
693:0KDYHEHHQHDVLO\LPSOHPHQWHGVRIDU VRXUFH FXUUHQW LQ V\QFKURQRXV URWDWLQJ GT FRRUGLQDWH
7KLV SDSHU SUHVHQWV WKH ERWK GHVLJQ DQG VLPXODWLRQ PRGHO RI D UHVSHFWLYHO\ ω LVDQJXODUIUHTXHQF\
WKUHHSKDVH YHFWRUFRQWUROOHG YROWDJHVRXUFH SXOVH ZLGWK
PRGXODWHG UHFWLILHU UDWHG DW N:$ VLPSOLILHG DOJRULWKP LV
SURSRVHGIRUVSDFHYHFWRU3:0UHFWLILHU7KLVDOJRULWKPDYRLGV
WKHORRNXSWDEOHVRIVLQHRUDUFWDQJHQWDQGFRPSOH[FDOFXODWLRQV
QHHGHG LQ WKH FRQYHQWLRQDO PHWKRGV E\ GLUHFWO\ FDOFXODWLQJ WKH
7KLV ZRUN LV VXSSRUWHG E\ 1DWLRQDO SODQ SURMHFW XQGHU *UDQW
$$=
1881
978-1-4244-1734-6/08/$25.00
c 2008 IEEE
LGF L/
UHSUHVHQWHGDVYROWDJHYHFWRUV WR
9 9 LQWKH¢£FRRUGLQDWH
97 97 97 $OOWKHYHFWRUVDUHVKRZQLQWKH)LJ
XD 5 9' 9' 9'
/ LD
XE 9 9
/ LE 5 YGF
5/
XF / LF 5
B B ° 7
L
T
X
UT XUT ®7 = 9Vβ
B
3,
° 9 GF
ǔ/
LT
XT °7 = 7 − 7 − 7
° V
¯
7KH YHFWRU V\QWKHWLF PHWKRG RI RWKHU VHFWRU LV VLPLODU 7KH
)LJ&RQWUROEORFNGLDJUDPRIGTGXDOFORVHORRSFRQWUROOHURIWKH
UHFWLILHU
H[SUHVVLRQV ZKLFK LV GHYHORSHG RQ WKH XQLYHUVDO YDULDEOHV
)LJVKRZVWKDWWKHSURFHVVRIGHFRXSOLQJLVDFRXUVHWKDWHDFKRI ; < = DUHVKRZQDVIROORZLQJ
3, UHJXODWHG D[LV FXUUHQW UHVXOW LV LQMHFWHG ZLWK WKH RWKHU D[LV 7
FXUUHQWV FRPSRQHQWV :KHQ WKH DUH DFTXLUHG WKH
XUG XUT °; = 9V β
° 9GF
693:0PHWKRGLVUHDOL]HGWKURXJKGTWR¢£WUDQVIRUPDWLRQ °°
WRWUDFHWKH$&FXUUHQWFRPPDQGH[DFWO\DQGUHJXODWHWKH'&EXV 7 7
®< = 9Vβ + 9Vα
YROWDJH ° 9GF 9GF
06 :RUG $XWKRUV SOHDVH WU\ WR XVH WKH SDUDJUDSK VW\OHV ° 7 7
FRQWDLQHGLQWKLVGRFXPHQW °= = 9V β − 9Vα
°̄ 9GF 9GF
92/7$*( 63$&( 9(&725 9
6<17+(6,=$7,21 ,QRUGHUWRJHWWKHVLWXDWLRQVRIDOOWKHV\QWKHWLF V 8VLQJWKHZHOO
NQRZQUHODWLRQVKLSVWKHSKDVHYROWDJHVLQWKHDEFFRRUGLQDWHV
'HSHQGLQJRQWKHVZLWFKLQJVWDWHRQWKHFLUFXLW)LJWKHEULGJH FDQEHREWDLQHG
UHFWLILHU OHJ YROWDJHV FDQ DVVXPH SRVVLEOH GLVWLQFW VWDWHV
°9D = 9Vβ WFRQ
° WERQ
° WDRQ
®9E = − 9Vβ + 9Vα
W
°
°
°9F = − 9V β − 9Vα W
¯ 3:0
$FFRUGLQJ WR WKH UHODWLRQVKLS RI WKUHH SKDVH V\PPHWULFDO VLQ
ZDYHVXSSRVH
W
,I 9D !WKHQ $ HOVH $ 3:0
9GF
Y
9GF
%UHDNHU
9DEF
J
$ $
,DEF
% % D
$ $ $
5
E % % % & 5
& &
F
7KUHH3KDVH6RXUFH & & &
7KUHH3KDVH
9,0HDVXUHPHQW / 8QLYHUVDO%ULGJH
&RQVWDQW
)UHT
9DEF 9DEF
9DEFSX ZW
WKH YROWDJH DQG FXUUHQW RQ OLQHVLGH :H FDQ VHH WKH FXUUHQW RI ,*%7VZLWFKLQJVSHHG7KHSHUIRUPDQFHREWDLQHGLVJRRGLQWKH
VLQXVRLGDOZDYHLVWKHVDPHSKDVHZLWKWKHYROWDJH SUHVHQWHGVLPXODWLRQVUHVXOWV
5()(5(1&(6
>@ 5LFDUGR /XL] $OYHV DQG ,YR %DUEL³$ 1HZ +\EULG +LJK
3RZHU )DFWRU 7KUHH3KDVH 8QLGLUHFWLRQDO 5HFWLILHU´
,QGXVWULDO(OHFWURQLFV,(((,QWHUQDWLRQDO6\PSRVLXP
RQ9ROXPHSS±-XO\
>@ <H<.D]HUDQL04XLQWDQD9+³$1RYHO0RGHOLQJ
DQG &RQWURO 0HWKRG IRU WKUHHSDKVH 3:0 FRQYHUWHUV´
3RZHU (OHFWURQLFV 6SHFLDOLVWV &RQIHUHQFH 3(6&
,((( QG $QQXDO 9ROXPH SS ±
-XQH
>@ -QLQQH&KLQJ/LDR 6KHQJ1LDQ<HK ³$ 1RYHO
,QVWDQWDQHRXV3RZHU&RQWURO6WUDWHJ\DQG$QDO\WLF0RGHO
IRU,QWHJUDWHG5HFWLILHU,QYHUWHU6\VWHPV,(((7UDQVDFWLRQ
)LJ6LPXODWLRQUHVXOWIRU'&/LQNYROWDJHG\QDPLFV
RQ3RZHU(OHFWURQLFV92/12SS
>@ :DQJ -LXKH <LQ +RQJUHQ =KDQJ -LQORQJ DQG /L +XDGH
³6WXG\ RQ 3RZHU 'HFRXSOLQJ &RQWURO RI 7KUHH 3KDVH
9ROWDJH 6RXUFH 3:0 5HFWLILHUV´ 3RZHU (OHFWURQLFV DQG
0RWLRQ&RQWURO&RQIHUHQFH
>@ =KDR'$\\DQDU5³6SDFH9HFWRU3:0ZLWK'&/LQN
9ROWDJH &RQWURO DQG 8VLQJ 6HTXHQFHV ZLWK $FWLYH 6WDWH
'LYLVLRQ´ ,QGXVWULDO (OHFWURQLFV ,((( ,QWHUQDWLRQDO
6\PSRVLXPRQ9ROXPHSS-XO\
>@ /L <DELQ /L +HPLQJ 3HQJ <RQJORQJ ³$ 8QLW\ 3RZHU
)DFWRU7KUHH3KDVH%XFN7\SH693:05HFWLILHU%DVHGRQ
'LUHFW3KDVH&RQWURO6FKHPH´0RELOH5RERWVYROQR
SS 0DUFK 3RZHU (OHFWURQLFV DQG 0RWLRQ
&RQWURO &RQIHUHQFH ,3(0&
&(6,((( WK
,QWHUQDWLRQDO9ROXPHSS±$XJ
)LJ6LPXODWLRQUHVXOWIRUOLQHFXUUHQW >@ /L <XQ:HL :X %LQ ;X 'DYLG =DUJDUL 1DYLG ³6SDFH
9HFWRU 6HTXHQFH ,QYHVWLJDWLRQ DQG 6\QFKURQL]DWLRQ
0HWKRGV IRU 3:0 0RGXODWLRQ RI D +LJK 3RZHU &XUUHQW
&21&/86,21 6RXUFH 5HFWLILHU´ 3RZHU (OHFWURQLFV 6SHFLDOLVWV
&RQIHUHQFH3(6&,(((SS±
$VLPSOHXQLW\SRZHUIDFWRUUHFWLILHUPRGHOEDVHGRQWKHVSDFH -XQH
YHFWRU PRGXODWLRQ LV LQWURGXFHG LQ WKLV SDSHU D PDMRU >@ = <DQJ DQG / :X ³$ QHZ 3DVVLYLW\%DVHG &RQWURO
LPSURYHPHQW LV REWDLQHG LQ WKH UHFWLILHU PRGHO %\ XVLQJ
0HWKRG DQG 6LPXODWLRQ IRU '&'& &RQYHUWHU´
QRQOLQHDU LQSXW WUDQVIRUPDWLRQ WKH FRQYHQWLRQDO QRQOLQHDU
3URFHHGLQJV RI WKH WK :RUOG &RQJUHVV RQ ,QWHOOLJHQW
PRGHOV FDQ EH LPSURYHG WR OLQHDU PRGHOV 7KLV LPSURYHPHQW
&RQWURO DQG $XWRPDWLRQ +DQJ]KRX 3 5 &KLQD
PDNHV WKHGHVLJQ RI WKH FRQWUROOHUEHFRPH VWUDLJKWIRUZDUG >@
SS-XQH
7KH FRQWUROOHU FDQ EH GHVLJQHG DQDO\WLFDOO\ DQG LQGHSHQGHQWO\
ZLWKWKHRSHUDWLQJSRLQW'HFRXSOHGIHHGIRUZDUGFRQWUROOHUIRU
SKDVH YROWDJH VRXUFH UHFWLILHU LV GHVLJQHG LQ WKH SDSHU
6LPXODWLRQUHVXOWVKRZVWKDWYHU\IDVWUHVSRQVHFDQEHDFKLHYHG
LQERWKGFTXDQWLW\DQGUHDFWLYHSRZHUFRQWURO7KHVSDFHYHFWRU
FXUUHQW FRQWUROOHU QHHGV PLQLPXP KDUGZDUH DQG UHGXFHV WKH