FI

LLI
NTHEBLANKS

CHP1:
HTML

1._
___
___
_ar
eusedt
ocr
eat
eimagi
nar
ysect
ionsofbr
owserscr
een.

Ans:
-Fr
ames

2._
___
___
_at
tr
ibut
eof<f
rame>speci
fi
est
heamountofwhi
tespacet
obel
eftont
het
opoft
hef
rame.

Ans:
-mar
ginwi
dth

3._
___
___
_tagi
susedt
ocr
eat
efl
oat
ingorI
nli
nef
rame.

Ans:
-<i
fr
ame>

4._
___
___
_at
tr
ibut
eal
l
owst
heusert
oopendocumenti
nthespeci
fi
edwi
ndow.

Ans:
-Tar
get

5.I
nli
nef
ramesi
sal
soknownas_
___
___
_fr
ame.

Ans:
-Fl
oat
ing

6._
___
___
_at
tr
ibut
edi
spl
aysscr
oll
barf
ort
hef
rame.

Ans:
-Scr
oll
i
ng

7._
___
___and<ar
ea>t
agar
eusedf
orcl
i
entsi
deI
mageMappi
ng.

Ans:
-<map>

8.Ani
magemaphasact
ivegeomet
ri
cregi
onst
owhi
cht
hel
i
nksar
eassi
gnedandcal
l
edas_
___
___
__.

Ans:
-Hot
spot
s

9.The_
___
___
_tagdef
inesanact
ivear
eai
ntheassoci
ateCl
i
entsi
dei
mageMap.

Ans:
-<ar
ea>

10._
___
___
__at
tri
but
eof<i
mg>t
agi
susedwi
thSer
verSi
deI
mageMaps.

Ans:
-ismap

11._
___
___
___at
tr
ibut
eof<ar
ea>t
agdef
inesco-
ordi
nat
esofCl
i
ckabl
ear
ea.

Ans:
-coor
ds

12.___
_ _
___
_at
tri
but
eof<f
orm>l
i
nkst
otheURLoft
heappl
i
cat
iont
hati
stor
ecei
veandpr
ocesst
hef
orms
data.

Ans:
-act
ion

13.Act
ionand_
___
___
_ar
etheat
tri
but
esof<f
orm>t
ag.

Ans:
-met
hod

14._
_____
___attr
ibut
edef
inest
hemaxi
mum char
act
erst
hatcanbeent
eredi
ntoTextorPasswor
dty
pe
i
nputfi
eld.

Ans:
-maxl
engt
h

15._
___
___
__t
agi
susedt
ocr
eat
ewebbasedf
orm.
 Ans:
-<f
orm>

16.Toshowt
hecheckboxsel
ect
edbydef
aul
t__
___
___at
tri
but
eisaddedwi
tht
he<i
nput
>tag.

Ans:
-Checked

17.Tocr
eat
eadr
opdownl
i
sti
nHTML_
___
___
_tagi
sused.

Ans:
-<sel
ect
>

18._
___
___
__t
agi
susedt
ocr
eat
emul
ti
li
net
extent
ryf
iel
d.

Ans:
-<Text
area>

19._
___
___
_hel
ptoi
nter
actt
heuserwi
tht
heser
ver
.

Ans:
-For
m

20._
___
___
_tagi
susedt
opl
aybackgr
oundsoundbutnotsuppor
tedi
nNet
scapeNav
igat
e.

Ans:
-<bgsound>

21.Thedef
aul
tval
ueofaut
ost
artat
tri
but
ein<embed>t
agi
s__
___
___

Ans:
-Tr
ue

22.<I
nputt
ype=_
___
___
_>def
inesanact
ionbut
tont
hatsendst
hecompl
etedf
ormt
otheser
ver
.

Ans:
-submi
t

23.MPEGst
andsf
or_
___
___
___
.

Ans:
-Mot
ionPi
ctur
eExper
tsGr
oup

24.I
ISst
andsf
or_
___
___
_.

Ans:
-Int
ernetI
nfor
mat
ionSer
ver
.

25.CGIst
andsf
or_
___
___
__.

Ans:
-CommonGat
ewayI
nter
face

26.FTPst
andsf
or_
___
___
__

Ans:
-Fi
l
eTr
ansf
erPr
otocol

27.HTTPst
andsf
or_
___
___
_

Ans:
-Hy
perTextTr
ansf
erPr
otocol
.

28.TCPst
andsf
or_
___
___
_.

Ans:
-Tr
ansmi
ssi
onCont
rol
Prot
ocol
.

29.PNGst
andsf
or_
___
___
_.

Ans:
-Por
tabl
eNet
wor
kGr
aphi
cs

30.W3Cst
andsf
or_
___
___
___
__.

Ans:
-Wor
ldWi
deWebConsor
ti
um.

CHP2:
CYBERLAWSANDETHI
CS
1. Et
hicswasi
nvent
edby_
___
___
.

Ans:
-Immanuel
Kant

2._
___
___
___i
sthear
tofdet
ermi
ningwhati
sri
ghtandwr
ongandt
hendoi
ngt
her
ightt
hing.

Ans:
-Et
hics

3.Codeofet
hicssuppl
i
esnor
msand_
___
___
_.

Ans:
-pr
inci
ples

4._
___
___
_ar
esetofst
andar
ds,
whi
chdeci
der
ightorwr
ong.

Ans:
-Mor
als

5.Et
hical
pri
nci
pal
basedon_
___
___
_val
ue.

Ans:
-mor
al

6._
___
___
__r
efer
stot
hegener
all
yaccept
edst
andar
dsofr
ightorwr
ongi
nasoci
ety
.

Ans:
-Mor
al

7._
___
___
_boost
str
ansact
ional
eff
ici
encyandgi
vesnewener
gyt
oimpr
ovet
hepr
ogr
ess.

Ans:
-et
hics

8._
___
___
__bui
l
dst
rustandt
eamwor
k.

Ans:
-Et
hics

9._
___
___
__i
sast
andar
doft
ight
nessorwr
ongness.

Ans:
-Mor
al

10._
___
___
_ref
erst
oal
ll
egal
andr
egul
ator
yaspect
soft
heI
nter
netandWWW.

Ans:
-Cy
berLaw

11._
___
___i
saunaut
hor
izeddupl
i
cat
ion,
dist
ri
but
ionanduseofcomput
ersof
twar
e.

Ans:
-sof
twar
epr
ivacy

12.Accessi
ngofdat
awi
thouthav
ingper
missi
oni
scal
l
ed_
___
__.

Ans:
-unaut
hor
izedaccess

13._
___
___
_isaexactcopyofapr
ogr
am i
nseconds.

Ans:
-Sof
twar
epr
ivacy

14._
___
___i
sthev
ari
etyoft
ypesofsof
twar
eer
ror
.

Ans:
-Bug

15._
___
___
__i
snotav
ict
iml
esscr
ime.

Ans:
-Sof
twar
ePr
ivacy

16._
___
___
_meanst
hekeyofakey
pai
rusedt
ocr
eat
edi
git
alsi
gnat
ure.

Ans:
-Pr
ivat
eKey
 17._
___
___mustobeyet
hicsandl
awswhi
l
edev
elopi
ngt
hei
rsof
twar
e.

Ans:
-Comput
erPr
ofessi
onal

18._
___
___
__meanst
heof
fi
cial
gazet
tepubl
i
shedi
nel
ect
roni
cfor
m.

Ans:
-El
ect
roni
cgazet
te

19.___
__ _
__ _
_meansapersonwhoi
sint
endedbyt
heor
igi
nat
ort
orecei
vet
heel
ect
roni
crecor
dbutdoes
notincludeanyi
nter
mediar
y.

Ans:
-Addr
essee

20.__
______meansaut
hent
icat
ionofanyel
ect
roni
crecor
dsbyasubscr
iberbyt
hemeansofanel
ect
roni
c
method.

Ans:
-Di
git
alSi
gnat
ure

21._____
___
_incl
udespoli
cies,
procedur
es,t
oolsandtechni
quesdesi
gnedt
opr
otectcompany
’scomput
er
asset
sfr
om acci
dentaldamageandunlawfuluse.

Ans:
-Secur
it
y

22._
___
___
_ri
ghti
sadi
sci
pli
neWhi
chpr
otect
sthecopy
right
s,Tr
adeMar
ksoft
hei
nvent
ors.

Ans:
-Int
ell
ect
ual
Proper
ty

23._
___
___
__i
sthepr
otect
iont
hatcov
ersor
igi
nal
wor
k.

Ans:
-Copy
right

24.Li
nuxi
s__
___
___t
ypeofsof
twar
e

Ans:
-Fr
eewar
e

25._
___
___
__sof
twar
eisasof
twar
ethati
snotcopy
right
ed.

Ans:
-Publ
i
cDomai
n

26.Conv
ersi
onofdat
aint
oasecur
edf
ormati
scal
l
ed_
___
___
___
.

Ans:
-Encr
ypt
ion

27.__
_______meanst
hekeyofakey
pai
rusedt
over
if
yadi
git
alsi
gnat
ureandl
i
stedi
ntheDi
git
alSi
gnat
ure
Cert
if
icate.

Ans:
-Publ
i
cKey

28._
___
___
_isadi
str
ibut
ionmet
hodt
ojudget
hesof
twar
ewhet
heri
tisgoodorbadbef
orey
oupayf
ori
t.

Ans:
-Shar
ewar
e

29._
___
___
__sof
twar
eisf
reel
ydownl
oadabl
eandcanusedf
oral
i
mit
edper
iodoft
ime.

Ans:
-Shar
ewar
e

30._
___
___
___i
sapr
otect
iont
hatcov
erspubl
i
shedandunpubl
i
shedl
i
ter
acy
,sci
ent
if
icandar
ti
sti
cwor
k.

Ans:
-Copy
right
.

Chp3:
E-COMMERCE
1.E-
Commer
cei
sthe_
___
___
_exchangeofbusi
nessi
nfor
mat
ion.

Ans:
-paper
less

2.I
ntr
adi
ti
onal
mar
ket
ingf
ocusi
s__
___
___
_or
ient
ed.

Ans:
-pr
oduct

3.I
nE-
Commer
cescopei
s__
___
___
_.

Ans:
global

4.I
nE-
Commer
cepr
oductat
tri
but
esar
esel
ect
edby_
___
___
__.

Ans:
-buy
er

5.E-
Commer
cei
ncl
udest
wot
ypesoft
axessuchas_
___
___
_andl
ocal
tax.

Ans:
-St
ate

6.Pur
chasei
sdonev
ia_
___
___i
nE-
Commer
ce.

Ans:
-Cr
edi
tcar
d

7._
___
___
___f
ort
radi
ti
onal
busi
nessi
slocat
ionofshop.

Ans:
-Asset

8.C2Bst
andsf
or_
___
___model
.

Ans:
Consumert
oBusi
ness

9._
___
___model
descr
ibescommer
cebet
weenbusi
ness.

Ans:
Busi
nesst
oBusi
ness

10.I
n__
___
___model
,cust
omerr
equestaspeci
fi
cser
vicef
rom t
hebusi
ness.

Ans:
-Consumert
oBusi
ness

11.The_
___
___
_model
faci
l
itat
est
heonl
i
net
ransact
ionsofgoods&ser
vicesbet
weent
wopeopl
e.

Ans:
-Consumert
oConsumer

12.Ir
regulart
ransact
ionbetweencommercial
tradi
ngpar
tner
swher
eexecut
ionandset
tl
ementar
e
separatedarecal
led___
_ _
___t
radecy
cle.

Ans:
-Cr
edi
t

13.Or
derandDel
i
ver
yar
e__
___
__phaseoft
radecy
cle.

Ans:
-Execut
ion

14.War
rant
y,ser
viceset
c.ar
e__
___
_act
ivi
ti
es.

Ans:
-af
ter
sal
es

15.Thef
inal
useofI
nter
neti
sfor_
___
___
_ser
vices.

Ans:
-af
ter
sal
es

16.Fi
ndi
ngasuppl
i
erandagr
eei
ngt
het
ermsi
s__
___
_phaseoft
radecy
cle.
 Ans:
-Sear
ch&negot
iat
e

17._
___
__i
slastphaseoft
radecy
cle.

Ans:
-Af
ter
sal
es

18._
___
___meanssel
l
ingandbuy
ingpr
oduct
sandser
vicest
hroughweb.

Ans:
-E-
Commer
ce

19.Onl
i
neAuct
ioni
sthebestexampl
eof_
___
___
_.

Ans:
-El
ect
roni
cMar
ket

20.__
_ _
____
_istheuseofinf
ormati
onandcommuni
cat
iont
echnol
ogyt
opr
esentv
ari
etyofof
fer
ings
avai
labl
einamarketsegment.

Ans:
-El
ect
roni
cMar
ket

21._
___
___
__i
sthecommonpl
acef
orbuy
ersandsel
l
ersf
rom ar
oundt
hewor
ld.

Ans:
-El
ect
roni
cMar
ket

22.EDIst
andsf
or_
___
___
_.

Ans:
-El
ect
roni
cDat
aInt
erchange

23.EDIi
scommonl
yappl
i
edt
oExecut
ionand_
___
___
phaseoft
radecy
cle.

Ans:
-set
tl
ement

24.EDIdoesnotr
equi
repr
int
edor
derand_
___
___
_.

Ans:
-inv
oice

25._
___
___
_reducesdat
aent
ryer
ror
s.

Ans:
-EDI

26.I
mpor
tantaspect
sofEDIi
s__
___
__andpr
ivacy
.

Ans:
-Secur
it
y

27.A____
____
__i
susedt
oaut
hent
ict
hesenderoft
hemessageandt
ocheckt
hatt
hei
ntegr
it
yoft
he
message.

Ans:
-di
git
alsi
gnat
ure

28.SSLst
andsf
or_
___
___
.

Ans:
-Secur
eSocketLay
er

29.WMI
Sst
andsf
or_
___
___
.

Ans:
-WebbasedMassI
nfor
mat
ionSy
stem

30.I
PSECst
andsf
or_
___
___
__.

Ans:
-IPSecur
it
yPr
otocol

CHP4:
INTRODUCTI
ONTONETWORKI
NG

1._
___
___
__i
sthepr
ocessoft
ransf
err
ingorr
ecei
vi
ngdat
afr
om onepoi
ntt
oot
her
.
Ans:
Communi
cat
ion

2.I
ndat
acommuni
cat
ioncomponent
s,_
___
___
__i
susedt
orecei
veadat
a.

Ans:
-recei
ver

3._
___
___
_isacomput
ert
hataccessest
her
esour
cesav
ail
abl
eont
heser
ver
.

Ans:
-cl
i
ent

4.A_
___
___i
samapofnet
wor
k.

Ans:
-Topol
ogy

5.Thenet
wor
k,whi
chi
nter
connect
smul
ti
plest
ati
onov
erav
erysmal
lar
ea,
iscal
l
ed_
___
___
.

Ans:
-LAN

6._
___
___i
susedbyMachi
ntoshcomput
erst
ocommuni
cat
eov
eranet
wor
k.

Ans:
-Appl
eTal
k

7.Whenset
sofpr
otocol
swor
ktoget
hercooper
ati
vel
yiti
scal
l
ed_
___
___
.

Ans;
-pr
otocol
sui
te

8._
___
___
_cabl
eisusedi
ntel
ephoneconnect
ions.

Ans:
-Twi
stedpai
r

9.Thel
i
ghtsi
gnal
sar
etr
ansmi
tt
edby_
___
___
_cabl
e.

Ans:
-Fi
breopt
ic

10.I
ncent
ral
i
zednet
wor
k,eacht
ermi
nal
othert
hanser
veract
sasa_
___
__dev
ice.

Ans:
-Input
/Out
put

11._
___
___
_ist
heactofpr
ocessofcombi
ningt
woormor
edat
asi
gnal
sandt
ransmi
tit
.

Ans:
-Mul
ti
plex
ing

12.OSIr
efer
encemodel
ishav
ing_
___
___numberofl
ayer
sint
otal
.

Ans:
-Sev
en

13._
___
___
_isapower
ful
comput
er,
whi
chi
sdedi
cat
edt
othest
orageofi
nfor
mat
ion.

Ans:
-Fi
l
eser
ver
.

14._
___
___
_topol
ogyi
smostpopul
ari
nLANsy
stem.

Ans:
-St
ar

15._
___
___accessmet
hodi
susedi
nri
ngt
opol
ogy
.

Ans:
-Tokenpassi
ng

16._
___
___
_topol
ogyi
susedi
nBanki
ngsect
or.

Ans:
-St
ar

17._
___
___
__pr
ovi
desani
nter
facef
rom acomput
ert
othet
ransmi
ssi
onmedi
a.
 Ans:
-Net
wor
kcar
ds

18._
___
___
_st
andsf
ormodul
atoranddemodul
ator
.

Ans:
-Modem

19._
_ _
___
__incor
por
ateel
ect
roni
ccomponent
sthatcanampli
fyandcl
eanupt
heel
ect
roni
csi
gnal
sthat
f
lowbetweendevi
cesonthenet
wor
kfirpr
int
ingpur
pose.

Ans:
-Act
iveHub

20.A_
___
___
__connect
sLANt
oanot
herLANt
hatusest
hesamepr
otocol
.

Ans:
-br
idge

21._
___
___
_communi
cat
ionusesant
ennaatt
ransmi
ssi
onst
ati
onandr
ecei
vi
ngst
ati
on.

Ans:
-Sat
ell
i
tes

22.SANst
andsf
or_
___
___
_.

Ans:
-St
orageAr
eaNet
wor
k

23.UTPst
andsf
or_
___
___
_.

Ans:
-Unsi
eldedTwi
stedPai
r.

24.STPst
andsf
or_
___
___
__.

Ans:
-Shi
eldedTwi
stedPai
r

25.MANst
andsf
or_
___
___
__.

Ans:
-Met
ropol
i
tanAr
eaNet
wor
k

26.I
SPst
andsf
or_
___
___
___
.

Ans:
-Int
ernetSer
vicePr
ovi
der

27.I
SOst
andsf
or_
___
___
___
_.

Ans:
-Int
ernat
ional
Organi
zat
ionf
orSt
andar
dizat
ion

28.UDPst
andsf
or_
___
___
___
.

Ans:
-UserDat
agr
am Pr
otocol

29.RARPst
andsf
or_
___
___
__.

Ans:
-Rev
erseAddr
essResol
uti
onPr
otocol

30.MACst
andsf
or_
___
___
_.

Ans:
-Medi
aAccessCont
rol

CHP5:
DATAMANAGEMENTUSI
NGACCESS

1._ _
___ar
ecol
l
ect
ionoff
act
s,unor
gani
zedbutabl
etobeor
gani
zedi
ntousef
uli
nfor
mat
ion.
Ans.Dat
e.

2.Or
gani
zedcol
l
ect
ionofr
elat
eddat
aiscal
l
ed_
___
__.

Ans.Dat
abase.
3.Ar
owi
nadat
asheeti
scal
l
ed_
___
_.

Ans.Recor
d.

4.Acol
umni
nadat
asheeti
scal
l
ed_
___
_.

Ans.Fi
eld.

5.RDBMSst
andsf
or_
___
_.

Ans.Rel
ati
onal
dat
abasemanagementsy
stem.

6.OLEst
andsf
or_
___
_.

Ans.Obj
ectl
i
nki
ngandembeddi
ng.

7.I
nMS-
Access,
thedef
aul
tnameoft
abl
eis_
___
__.

Ans.Tabl
e1

8.The_
___
__dat
aty
pei
susedf
irmoneymonet
aryv
alue.

Ans.Cur
rency
.

9.I
nMS-
Accesst
hedef
aul
tdat
aty
pef
ornewf
iel
dis_
___
___
.

Ans.Text
.

10.Themaxi
mum si
zeoft
ext
fi
eldi
naccessi
s__
___
_.

Ans.255

11.I
nMS-
access_
___
___
_dat
aty
pei
susedt
ost
orel
engt
hyt
extdat
a.

Ans.Memo

12.The_
___
_pr
oper
tycanbesett
oei
thery
esorno.

Ans.Aut
ocent
er

13._
___
__i
susedt
ouni
quel
yident
if
yrowsi
nthet
abl
e

Ans.Pr
imar
ykey
.

14.Val
uesi
n__
___
_col
umnar
enev
erdupl
i
cat
ed.

Ans.Pr
imar
ykey
.

15.The_
___
_dat
aty
pei
susedt
oaddl
engt
hyt
exti
nfi
eld.

Ans.Number

16._
___
_dat
aty
pei
susedt
ohol
dsequent
ial
number
swhi
chcanbeaut
omat
ical
l
yent
ered.

Ans.Aut
onumber

17.Whenasi
ngl
erecor
dinonet
abl
eisr
elat
edt
osi
ngl
erecor
dinanot
hert
abl
eandv
ice-v
ersai
s

cal
l
ed_
___
_rel
ati
onshi
p.

Ans.Onet
oone

18.
___
__pr
ovi
desQBEt
ocr
eat
einf
ormat
ionquer
iesf
rom t
hedat
a.
 Ans.Access.

19.Sor
ti
ngofdat
aisdonebyusi
ng_
___cl
auseoft
heSELECTst
atement
.

Ans.ORDERBY.

20.
___
_ISusedt
ogetspeci
fi
cinf
ormat
ionf
rom at
abl
einMS-ACCESS

Ans.Quer
y.

21._
___
_opt
ionofquer
ygr
idi
susedt
oor
derr
ecor
dsi
nMS-
Access.

Ans.Sor
t.

22.A_
___
_quer
yaddssomeoral
loft
her
ecor
dsf
rom onet
abl
etot
hebot
tom ofanot
hert
abl
e.

Ans.Append.

23.InMS–Access,
the_
___
___
opt
ioncanbeusedt
osett
her
ecor
dor
derofcor
respondi
ngf
iel
dsas
ascendi
ng

ordescendi
ng.

Ans.Sor
t.

24._
___
___
_quer
yremov
esent
ir
erecor
dsf
rom t
het
abl
e.

Ans.Del
ete

25._
___
___
_quer
yaddsr
ecor
dsf
rom oneormor
esour
cet
abl
est
oot
hert
abl
es.

Ans.Append.

26.The_
___
__quer
ytakest
hesetofr
esul
tsofaquer
yandaddsi
ttoanexi
sti
ngt
abl
e

Ans.Append.

27.The_
___
___quer
yal
l
owsf
oronemor
efi
eldi
nthet
abl
etobeupdat
es.

Ans.Updat
e

28._
___
___
__i
naccessdat
abasecannothav
edupl
i
cat
esv
alue.

Ans.Pr
imar
ykey

29._
___
___
__quer
yusedr
Tosel
ectanddi
spl
aydadaf
rom t
abl
e

Ans.Sel
ect

30._
___
___
___
___
__i
susedt
oaddt
hef
iel
dsoft
hedat
abaseobj
ect
stot
her
epor
tint
hedesi
gnv
iew…

Ans.Fi
eldl
i
st.

CHP6:
TALLY

1._
_______
_isoneoft
hemostpopul
araccount
ingsof
twar
epackaget
hati
susedt
orecor
ddayt
oday
t
ransacti
ons.

Ans.Tal
l
y

2.Tal
l
ywor
ksont
hepr
inci
pal
of_
___
__ent
rysy
stem.

Ans.Doubl
e
3.Thegat
ewayoft
all
yscr
eeni
sdi
vi
dedi
nto_
___
__par
ts.

Ans.Four

4.I
ntal
l
y,_
___
__key
sar
eusedt
oshutt
hecompany
.

Ans.A1t+F1

5.I
ntal
l
y,_
___
__keyi
susedt
omodi
fyi
ngoral
ter
ingcompanydat
a.

Ans.A1t+F3

6._
___
_keyi
susedf
orshut
ti
ngacompany
.

Ans.A1t+F1

7.I
ntal
l
y,t
oconf
igur
eacompanyuse_
___
__f
unct
ional
key
.

Ans.F12

8.I
ntal
l
y,f
eat
uresact
ivat
edt
hrough_
___
__keyar
eappl
i
cabl
etosel
ect
edcompanyonl
y.

Ans.F11

9._
___
__shor
tcutkeyi
susedt
oact
ivat
eCompanyi
nfomenu.

Ans.ALT+F3

10._
___
___f
unct
ionkeyi
susedt
oopent
heexi
sti
ngcompany
.

Ans.F1

11._
___
___f
unct
ionkeyi
susedf
orconf
igur
ingcompany
.

Ans.F12

12._
___
_inappl
i
cat
iont
echnol
ogyt
owar
dst
heaut
omat
ionofbusi
nesst
ransact
ions.

Ans.Tal
l
y

13.Al
lty
peofbankaccount
scomesunder_
___
__gr
oup.

Ans.Cur
rentasset
s.

14.I
ntal
l
y,.
___
__keyi
susedt
ochanget
hedat
e.

Ans.F2

15.Tal
l
ypr
ovi
desasetof_
___
_pr
edef
inedgr
oups.

Ans.28

16._
___
__v
oucherr
ecor
dsal
lfundt
ransf
ersbet
weenbankaccountorcashaccount
s.

Ans.Cont
ra

17._
___
__v
oucheri
ncl
udeal
lthecashi
ncomeandcashsal
est
ransact
ions.

Ans.Recei
pt

18._
___
___t
ypeofaccount
srel
atedt
oexpensesandi
ncome,
lossesandgai
ns

Ans.Nomi
nal
 19.Funct
ionkeyF8i
susedf
or_
___
__v
ouchercr
eat
ion.

Ans.Sal
es

20._
___
__ar
eusedf
orr
ecor
dingdayt
odayt
ransact
ions.

Ans.Voucher
s

21.I
ntal
l
y,t
osel
ectj
our
nal
typev
oucher_
___
_keyi
sused.

Ans.F7

22.I
npay
mentv
oucher,
cashaccounthas_
___
__t
ypeofbal
ance.

Ans.Cr
edi
t

23._
___
_funct
ionkeyi
susedt
ocr
eat
enewl
edgeri
nvoucherEnt
ryscr
een.

Ans.Ct
rl+L

24._
___
__ar
euni
tofor
gani
zat
iont
owhi
chonl
ycost
sandexpensesar
eal
l
owed.

Ans.Costcent
ers

25.Tor
ecor
dtr
ansact
ionoff
utur
edat
es_
___
__t
ypeofv
oucheri
sused.

Ans.Postdat
ed.

26.I
npur
chasev
oucher
,al
way
s__
___accounthasdebi
tbal
ance.

Ans.Pur
chase.

27.Tocr
eat
esal
esor
der_
___
__keyi
sused.

Ans.F8

28.Topr
intPr
ofi
tandl
ossaccountpr
ess_
___
__key
sSi
mul
teneousl
y.

Ans.Al
t+P

29._
___
___i
sast
atementofl
i
abi
l
iti
esandasset
sonapar
ti
cul
arDat
e

Ans.Bal
ancesheet
.

30.I
ntr
ial
bal
ance,
tot
alv
aluesofasset
sisal
way
sequal
tot
hecapi
tal
and_
___
__

Ans.Li
abi
l
iti
es

ANSWERS

CHP2:
CYBERLAW ANDETHI
CS

Q.1.
Def
inet
het
ermsMor
al,
Ethi
csandLaw

Ans:
1.Mor
al:

a.Mor
alr
efer
stot
hegener
all
yaccept
edst
andar
dsofr
ightorwr
ongi
nasoci
ety
.

b.Mor
alr
efer
stot
hest
andar
dsofr
ightconductandt
hej
udgementofpar
ti
cul
aract
ionsasr
ightorwr
ong
 byt
hosest
andar
ds.

c. Mor
alt
heor
yisasetofmor
alpr
inci
pleswhi
chsy
stemat
ical
l
yli
nksmor
albel
i
eft
ooneot
her
.

2.Et
hics:

a.Et
hicsdeal
wit
hthedet
ermi
nat
ionofwhati
sri
ghtorwr
ongandt
hendoi
ngt
her
ightt
hing.

b.Et
hicsi
ncl
udet
hef
undament
algr
oundr
uleswhi
chwef
oll
owonourl
i
fe.

c.Ethi
csst
atet
hatal
l
oweachper
sont
otakef
reeandaut
onomouschoi
cewhi
chi
sunaf
fect
edbyout
side
author
it
y.

3.Law:

a.Lawi
ndi
cat
esr
ulesandr
egul
ati
onst
obeobey
edi
ntheor
gani
zat
ion.

b.Oncet
hel
awi
simpl
ement
edi
ntheor
gani
zat
ion,
theni
tisbi
ndi
ngt
otheempl
oyeesf
oll
owi
t.

Q.2.Sof
twar
ePi
racyORExpl
ainSof
twar
ePi
racy

Ans:
a.Sof
twar
ePi
racyi
sunaut
hor
izeddupl
i
cat
iondi
str
ibut
ionanduseofcomput
ersof
twar
e.

b.Forexample,
makingmorecopi
esofsof
twarethant
hel
i
censecopyori
nst
all
i
ngl
i
censedsof
twar
efi
rone
computerandcopi
edsoft
wareonothermachi
nes.

c.Whensoftwar
eispi
rat
ed,consumersandsoftwar
edevel
oper
sar
ehar
med.Consumer
shav
ether
iskf
or
vi
ruseshav
ingcomput
erdisket
tesanddefect
ivesof
twar
e.

d.Wi
tht
hepi
rat
edsof
twar
econsumer
scannotenj
oyf
ull
benef
itofsof
twar
e.

Q.3.Def
inet
het
erm cy
berl
aw.Whyt
heneedofcy
berl
awar
ises?

ORWhati
scy
berl
aw?

Ans:
-1.Cy
berl
awr
efer
stoal
lthel
egal
andr
egul
ator
yaspect
sofi
nter
netandt
heWor
ldWi
deWeb.

2.Cy
berspacei
sgov
ernedbyasy
stem ofl
awandr
egul
ati
oncal
l
edcy
berl
aw.

Needofcy
berl
aw:

1.Todaymi
l
li
onsofpeopl
ear
eusi
ngt
hei
nter
netal
lov
ert
hewor
ld.

2.Becauseofgl
obalr
egulat
ion.Todaymanydi
stur
bingandunet
hical
thi
ngsar
ehappeni
ngi
nthecy
ber
spacecal
ledcy
bercri
mes.

3.Peopl
ewi
thi
ntel
l
igenceandhav
ingbadi
ntent
ionar
emi
susi
ngt
heaspectoft
heI
nter
net
.

4.Thecriminalacti
vit
iesincludevar
iouscri
mesli
keharassment,
e-mail
,cyber
-st
alki
ng,
transmissionof
harmfulprograms,unauthor i
zedpossessi
onofcomputer
izedi
nfor
mat i
on,sof
twarePir
acy,etc.Hence
ther
eisaneedf orcyberlaw.

Q.4.Enl
i
stt
hedef
ini
ti
onofI
TAct
.

ORDef
inet
hef
oll
owi
ngt
ermsasment
ionedi
ntheI
TAct2000.

Ans:
-

A.Access:Accesswithit
sgrammat i
calv ari
ati
onsandcognat
eexpr
essi
onsmeansgaini
ngent
ryi
nto,
i
nstruct
ingorcommuni cat
ingwiththel ogi
cal
,ar
it
hmeti
cal,
ormemoryfunct
ionr
esour
ceofacomputer
,
computersystem orcomputernetwork.
 B.Addr
essee:
Meansapersonwhoi
sint
endedbyt
heor
igi
nat
ort
orecei
vet
heel
ect
roni
crecor
dbutdoes
noti
ncl
udeanyi
nter
mediar
y.

C.Data:Meansar epr
esent
ati
onofi nf
ormation,
knowl edgefactsconcept
sorinstr
uctionswhichare
bei
ngpr eparedorhavebeenprocessedorhasbeenpr ocessedi
nacomput ersystem orcomputer
network,andmaybeanyf orm(incl
udingcomput erpri
ntouts,magnet
icoropti
calstoragemedia,
punchedcards,punchedtapes)orstoredi
nternall
yinthememor yofthecomputer.

D.Di
git
alsi
gnat
ure:Meansauthent
icat
ionofanyel
ect
roni
crecordbyasubscr
iberbymeansofan
el
ect
roni
cmethodorprocedur
einaccordancewi
tht
heprovisi
onofSect
ion3.

E.El
ectroni
cform:Wi
thref
erencetoinf
ormat
ionmeansanyinfor
mationgenerat
ed,sent
,recei
vedor
st
oredinmediamagneti
c,opt
ical
,comput
ermemorymicrofi
l
m, computergenerat
edMicrofi
cheor
si
milardevi
ce.

F.El
ect
roni
cGazet
te:
Meanst
heof
fi
cial
Gazet
tepubl
i
shedi
ntheel
ect
roni
cfor
m.

G.El
ect
roni
crecord:Meansdat
a,recor
dordatagenerat
edimageorsoundst
oredr
ecei
vedorsenti
nan
el
ect
roni
cform ormi
crof
il
m orcomputergener
atedMicr
ofi
che.

H.Funct
ion:I
nrelat
iont
oacomputerincl
udesl
ogi
ccontr
olar
it
hmetical
process,
del
eti
o2st
orageand
ret
ri
evalandcommunicat
ionort
elecommuni
cat
ionfor
m orwit
hinacomput er
.

I
.Infor
mation:I
ncl
udesdat
a,t
ext
,images,
soundv
oice,
codes,
comput
erpr
ogr
ammes,
sof
twar
eand
dat
abases.

J.Li
cense:
Meansal
i
censegr
ant
edt
oqCer
ti
fyi
ngAut
hor
it
yunderSect
ion24.

K.Pr
ivat
eKey
:Meanst
hekeyofkey
pai
rusedt
ocr
eat
eadi
git
alsi
gnat
ure.

L.Publ
icKey:
Meansthekeyofakey
pai
rusedt
over
if
yadi
git
alsi
gnat
ureandl
i
stedi
ntheDi
git
al
Si
gnatur
eCert
if
icat
e.

Q.5.Whati
sdi
git
alsi
gnat
ure?Wher
eisi
tused?

Ans:
1.DIGI
TALSIGNATUREmeansaut
hent
icat
ionofanyel
ect
roni
crecor
dbyasubscr
iberbymeansofan
el
ect
roni
cmethodorpr
ocedur
e.

2.Tosecur
edat
aont
hei
nter
netdi
git
alsi
gnat
urei
sused.

3.I
tisuni
quet
othesubscr
iberwhoaf
fexi
ngi
tisusedt
oident
if
yingsuchsubscr
iber
.

4.I
tisl
i
nkedt
ot heelect
roni
crecor
dtowhi
chi
trel
atesi
nsuchamannert
hati
ftheel
ect
roni
crecor
dwas
al
ter
ed,t
hedi
git
alsignat
urewouldbei
nval
i
dat
ed.

5.Digi
talSi
gnatur
eusesencr
ypt
iont
oolt
osendt
hemessagest
hati
sunr
eadabl
eunt
ilexpect
edr
eci
pientuses
thei
rpriv
atekeytodecr
yptt
hemessage.

Q.6.Expl
aint
encommandment
sofcomput
ing?

ORExpl
ainanyei
ghtcommandment
soutoft
encommandment
sofcomput
ing.

Ans:Et
hical
princi
plesar
ecodi
fi
edi
ntoasetof“Commandmentsforcomput
eruser
sandcomput
er
pr
ofessi
onals”
.Tencommandmentsofcomputerar
easfol
lows:

1.Theyshoul
dnotuseacomput
ert
ohar
m ot
herpeopl
e.

2.Theyshoul
dnoti
nter
fer
ewi
thot
herpeopl
e’
scomput
erwor
k.
 3.Theyshoul
dnotsnoopar
oundi
not
herpeopl
e’
scomput
erf
il
es.

4.Theyshoul
dnotuseacomput
ert
ost
eal
.

5.Theyshoul
dnotuseacomput
ert
obearf
alsewi
tness.

6.Theyshoul
dnotcopyorusepr
opr
iet
orysof
twar
eforwhi
chy
ouhav
enotpai
d.

7.Theyshoul
dnotuseot
herpeopl
e’
scomput
err
esour
ceswi
thoutaut
hor
izat
ionorpr
opercompensat
ion.

8.Theyshoul
dnotappr
opr
iat
eot
herpeopl
e’
sint
ell
ect
ual
out
put
.

9.Theyshouldt
hinkaboutt
hesoci
alconsequencesoft
hepr
ogr
am y
ouar
ewr
it
ingort
hesy
stem y
ouar
e
desi
gning.

10.Theyshoul
dal
way
suseacomput
eri
nway
sthatshowconsi
der
ati
onandr
espectf
ory
ourf
ell
ow
humans.

Q.7.Expl
ain:
Copy
right
.

Ans:
1.Copy
righti
sani
ntel
l
ect
ual
proper
tyr
ight
sat
tachedt
oor
igi
nal
wor
ksi
nwhi
cht
her
ightsubsi
stwi
thhi
m.

2.Copyri
ghtisafor
m ofpr
otect
ionprovi
desbythelawtotheauthorsof“or
iginal
wor
ksofaut
hor
shi
p”
i
ncludi
nglit
eracydr
amati
c,
musical,
arti
sti
candcert
ainot
herint
ellect
ualworks.

3.Thi
spr
otect
ioni
sav
ail
abl
etobot
hpubl
i
shedandunpubl
i
shedwor
ks.

4.Copyr
ightlawisusef
ulf
oraut
hor
shi
pdet
ermi
nat
ion,
dur
ati
onofpr
otect
ionandr
equi
rement
sfort
ransf
erof
ri
ghtst
oot hers.

5.Copy
righti
stheexcl
usi
ver
ightt
odooraut
hor
izet
heot
her
stodot
hef
oll
owi
ngact
sinr
espectofawor
k:

a.Toper
for
mthewor
kinpubl
i
c.

b.Tomakeanymov
ief
il
m orsoundr
ecor
dingi
nrespectoft
hewor
k.

c.Tomakeanyt
ransl
ati
onoft
hewor
k.

d.Tor
epr
oducet
hewor
kinanymat
eri
alf
orm,
stor
ingi
fiti
nanymedi
um byel
ect
roni
cmeans.

e.Tomakeanyadapt
ati
onoft
hewor
k.

6.I
tisi
l
legal
forany
onet
ovi
olat
eanyoft
her
ight
s,pr
ovi
dedbyt
heActt
otheownerofcopy
right
.

7.Copy
rightpr
otect
ionbegi
nswhenanyoft
hewor
kisact
ual
l
ycr
eat
edandf
ixedi
nat
angi
blef
orm.

8.I
fudev
elopanywor
kor
igi
nal
l
ytheny
oucanpl
acet
hecopy
rightsy
mbol
©nextt
oyourname.

Forexampl
e:Copy
right©(
fi
rstdat
eofcr
eat
ion)(
nameofowner
)

Copy
right©2003Ki
nnar
i.

Q.8.Whati
sFai
ruse?

ORWhati
sfai
ruse?Wr
it
eany2adv
ant
ages.

Ans:1.Fai
rusei
stheexcept
ionalcaseofcopy
rightwhi
chall
owscopy
ingofal
i
mit
edamountofmat
eri
ali
n
cer
amiccaseswit
houtpermi
ssionofthecopyri
ghtowner.

2.Thefairuseofacopyri
ght
edwor
kfi
rpur
posessuchascr
it
ici
sm,
comment
,newsr
epor
ti
ng,
teachi
ng,
schol
arshiporresear
ch.
3.Ev
enf
ort
hisuses,
whet
heraspeci
fi
cusei
sfai
rornotdependsonnumberoff
act
ors:

A.Thepur
poseandchar
act
eroft
heuse.

B.Thenat
ureoft
hecopy
right
edwor
k.

C.Theamountandsubst
ant
ial
i
tyoft
hepor
ti
onusedi
nrel
ati
onusedi
nrel
ati
ont
othecopy
right
edwor
kasa
whole.

D.Theef
fectoft
heuseupont
hepot
ent
ial
mar
ketf
ort
hev
alueoft
hecopy
right
edwor
k.

4.Adv
ant
agesoff
airuse:

1.Publ
i
cwoul
dbeabl
etoaccessanycopy
right
edmat
eri
alwi
thoutpay
inganyf
eesoraski
ngper
missi
on.

2.I
fpar
ti
alwor
kisi
mpl
ement
,thenf
air
usei
sthebet
terchoi
ce.

Q.9.Di
ff
erent
iat
ebet
weenshar
ewar
efr
eewar
eandpubl
i
cdomai
nsof
twar
e.

ORWhatdoy
oumeanbyshar
ewar
efr
eewar
eandpubl
i
cdomai
nsof
twar
e.

Ans:

A. Shar
ewar
e:

I
. Shar
ewar
epr
ogr
amscanbef
reel
ydi
str
ibut
edandf
reel
ytest
ed.

I
I. Thi
spr
ogr
am canbeshar
edwi
thot
heruserwi
thownerper
missi
on.

I
II
. Atr
ial
per
iodcan(
gener
all
y30day
s)i
sgivent
otestt
hosepr
ogr
ams.Af
tert
het
ri
alper
iodt
heuser
whowant
stokeepusi
ngthepr
ogr
am hastor
egi
ster
.

I
V. Thesof
twar
eswhi
chseemadeav
ail
abl
ewi
thmagazi
nesar
enor
mal
l
yoft
het
ype.

B.Fr
eewar
e:

I
. Freewar
eister
medasf
reesof
twar
ethatal
l
owev
ery
onet
ocopy
,redi
str
ibut
edandmodi
fyi
twi
th
fr
eeofcost.

I
I. Butst
il
li
tscopy
righti
shol
dbyaut
hor
s.

I
II
. Fr
eewar
eispr
ogr
ammi
ngt
hati
sof
fer
edatnocost
.

I
V. Li
nuxi
sanexampl
eofFr
eewar
e.

C.Publ
i
cDomai
nSof
twar
e:

I
. Publ
icdomainsoft
warei
sasof
twar
ethati
snotcopy
right
ed.I
timpl
i
est
heaut
hor
shav
ewai
ved
copy
ingoverthesof
twar
e.

I
I. Any
bodycancopyt
hem,
modi
fyt
hem oruset
hem i
nanymannert
heywant
.

I
II
. Publi
cdomainprogr
amscanbef
reel
yincor
por
atedi
ntonewwor
kswi
thoutpay
ingr
oyal
ti
esf
ort
he
ori
ginal
mater
ial
.

I
V. Ther
ear
esev
eral
sof
twar
eav
ail
abl
eonI
nter
netwhi
chseepubl
i
cdomai
n.

CHP3:
E-COMMERCE

Q.1.Def
ineE-
Commer
ce.
Ans: 1.Elect
roni
cCommer cemeansbuy i
ngandsell
i
ngofthepr
oduct
sandser
vicesbybusinessesand
consumer sovertheint
ernet.I
tisassoci
atedwi
thbuyi
ngandsel
l
ingofi
nfor
mat
ion,product
sandser v
icesov
er
comput ercommuni cat
ionnetworks.

2.Runni
ngawebsi
tei
nabusi
nessl
i
kemanneri
sthebasi
cconceptofE-
Commer
ce.

3.Elect
roniccommerceisagener
alconceptcov
eri
nganyform ofbusi
nesstransact
ionsorinf
ormat
ion
exchangeexecutedusi
nginf
ormati
onandcommuni cat
iont
echnologybetweencompani esandpubl
i
c
admi ni
str
ati
ons.

4.El
ect
roni
cCommer
cei
ncl
udesel
ect
roni
ctr
adi
ngofgoodsser
vicesandel
ect
roni
cmat
eri
al.

Q.2.Expl
ain:
Classi
fi
cat
ionofE-
Commer
ce

Ans:

1.Busi
nesst
oBusi
ness(
B2B)

Thecompani
esi
ncl
udei
ntheB2BE-
Commer
cear
emanuf
act
urer
s,whol
esal
l
ers

2.Busi
nesst
oConsumer(
B2C)

3.Consumert
oBusi
ness(
C2B)

4.Consumert
oConsumer(
C2C)

Q.3.St
ateadv
ant
agesofE-
Commer
ce.

ORDef
ineE-
Commer
ce.Li
stany3adv
ant
agesofE-
Commer
ce

Ans:
Ther
ear
esev
eral
adv
ant
agesi
nE-
Commer
ceasf
oll
ows:

1.E-
Commer
cespeedsupt
radi
ti
onal
met
hods.

2.Apaperl
essexchangeofbusi
nessi
nfor
mat
ion

3.I
tincr
easespr
oduct
ivi
tyandef
fi
ciency

4.Cr
eat
esnewmar
ket
s.

5.Busi
nesscanbeexpandedov
ergl
obe.

6.I
t’
saki
ndofv
alueaddi
ti
oni
nbusi
ness.

7.Secur
it
yander
rorr
educt
ion

8.Acknowl
edgedr
ecei
pt

9.I
mpr
ovedcashf
low.

Q.4.St
atedi
sadv
ant
agesofE-
Commer
ce

Ans:
Ther
ear
ecer
tai
ndi
sadv
ant
agesi
nE-
Commer
ceasf
oll
ows:

1.El
ect
roni
ccommer
ceasbei
nganewt
echnol
ogy
,onehast
obeawar
eofi
tforusi
ngi
nbusi
ness.

2.Securi
tyi
sanot
herconst
rai
ntsi
nE-
Commer
ce.I
fadequat
esecur
it
yisnotpr
ovi
ded,
thebusi
nesswi
l
l
col
lapse.

3.E-
Commer
cesuf
fer
sfr
om r
eli
abi
l
ity
.
 4.E-
Commer
ceal
sohasbandwi
dthr
est
ri
cti
onst
her
efor
eiti
ssomet
imesdi
ff
icul
ttouse.

5.Lat
edel
i
ver
iesar
edr
ivi
ngpeopl
eawayf
rom E-
Commer
ce.

6.Li
mit
edaccessi
bil
i
ty

7.Hi
ghl
evel
ofaut
hent
icat
ioni
srequi
red

8.I
tdoesnotear
nful
lgoodwi
l
lasscopei
swor
ldwi
de.

Q.5.Expl
ain:
Int
ernetandt
radecy
cle.

ORExpl
ainpar
tsofTr
adeCy
cle.

Ans:

1.TheInter
neti
sanint
ernat
ional
networ
kofnet
wor
ks.I
tal
l
owsmi
l
li
onsofcomput
erst
obel
i
nked
toget
heroff
eri
ngaglobal
network.

2.TheI
nter
netcanbeusedf
oral
lpar
tsofTr
adeCy
cle.

3.Thefi
rststagei
ssearchandthef
aci
l
iti
esoft
heI
nter
netcanbeusedt
olocat
esi
tesof
fer
ings,
adver
ti
singgoodsorserv
ices.

4.Anincreasi
ngnumberofsitesof
ferfacil
i
tiest
oexecut
eandset
tl
etr
ansacti
oni
.e.t
opur
chaseand
del
i
v erofgoods.Theon-
li
nepurchasingmayormaynotfol
lowasearch.

5.Thefi
nal
useofI
nter
netisforaf
tersalesser
vices.UseofI
nter
netf
oraf
ter
sal
esmayormaynotbe
fol
l
owedontoanearl
ieron-
li
netransacti
on.

Q.6.Whati
sE-
Mar
ket
?

Ans:
-

1.I
tisonl
i
nebuy
ingandsel
l
ingofgoodsandser
vices.

2.Anelect
roni
cmarketi
sanint
er-
organi
zati
onali
nfor
mati
onsyst
em thatpr
ovi
desf
aci
l
iti
esf
orbuy
ers
andsell
erst
oexchangei
nfor
mationaboutpr
iceandpr
oductof
fer
ings.

3.Theel
ect
roni
cmar
keti
spr
imar
il
yaboutt
hesear
chphaseofTr
adeCy
cle.

4.I
tisbr
oker
ingser
vicewhi
chbr
ingst
oget
hersuppl
i
ers&cust
omer
sinaspeci
fi
cmakersegment
.

Uses:

1.Ai
rl
inebooki
ngsy
stem.I
nthi
ssy
stem t
hecust
omer
svi
ewssscr
eenwher
eal
lthedet
ail
soft
hef
li
ght
s
ar
egiven.

2.Fi
nanci
alandcommodi
tymar
kete.
g.Buy
ingandsel
l
ingofshar
es.

Q.7.Wr
it
eadv
ant
agesofEl
ect
roni
cMar
ket

ORExpl
ainadv
ant
agesofE-
Mar
ket4Poi
nts

Ans:
Adv
ant
agesofEl
ect
roni
cMar
ketar
easf
oll
ows:

1.E-
Mar
ketconsi
stsofwor
kswi
desel
l
ersandbuy
erssoi
tiscompet
it
iveandef
fi
cient
.

2.Cust
omer
sar
esel
f-
evi
dent
.Cust
omer
shav
edi
rectaccesst
othei
nfor
mat
ion.

3.Sear
chi
ngoft
hepr
oducti
sef
fi
cient
,fl
exi
bleandsear
chcostf
orbuy
eri
sreduced.
 4.El
ect
roni
cmar
keti
ncr
easesef
fi
ciencyofamar
ket
.

5.Noneedofi
nter
medi
ari
eshencei
tsav
est
hecostofmi
ddl
eman.

6.Sel
l
erscanhav
eef
fi
cientdi
str
ibut
ionofi
nfor
mat
ionaboutt
hei
rpr
oduct
.

7.Not
ype–hi
ddenser
vicesar
einv
olv
ed.

8.Fr
eedom ofchoi
cei
smor
e.

9.Themar
keti
sav
ail
abl
eroundt
hecl
ock.

Q.8.Expl
aint
het
erm EDI
?ORWhati
sEDI
?

Ans:
-

1.EDIst
andsf
orEl
ect
roni
cDat
aInt
erchange.

2.I
tisexchangeofdocumentsonst
andardi
zedelect
roni
cform bet
weenor
ganizat
ioni
nanautomat
ed
mannerdirect
lyf
rom acomput
erappl
icat
ioni
noneor gani
zat
iontot
heappl
icati
oninanot
her
or
ganizat
ion.

3.EDIisusest
oelect
roni
cal
lytr
ansmi
tdocuments,suchaspurchaseorder
si nv
oice,
inqui
ri
es,
planni
ng
recei
vi
ngadvi
cesandotherst
andar
dbusinesscorr
espondencebetweentradi
ngpartner
s.

4.EDIcanal
sobeusedt
otr
ansmi
tfi
nanci
ali
nfor
mat
ionandpay
ment
sinel
ect
roni
cfor
m.

5.EDIdoesnotcr
eat
eanynewpr
ocess,
buti
texpandst
heexi
sti
ngbusi
nesspr
ocess.

Q.9.Whati
smeantbyencr
ypt
ion?Expl
ain.

Ans:

1.Encrypt
ioni
stheconv
ersi
onofdat
aint
oacodedf
ormatsot
hati
tcannotber
eadbyunaut
hor
izedt
hir
d
part
yusers.

2.Thedat
aisconv
ert
edi
ntot
hecodebyt
hesenderandt
hendecodedbyt
her
ecei
ver
.

3.Onl
ysenderandr
ecei
verknowt
her
ulesf
orencodi
nganddecodi
ng.

4.Theencr
ypt
ionpr
ocessconsi
stsofanal
gor
it
hm andakey
.Keycont
rol
stheal
gor
it
hm.

5.Onl
ythesenderandr
ecei
veroft
hemessageknowt
hekey
.

6.Or
igi
nal
messager
efer
redt
oasPl
aint
exti
sconv
ert
edi
ntor
andom t
extcal
l
edci
phert
ext
.

7.I
tist
ransmitt
edtotherecei
vi
ngendandatt
hisendt
heci
phert
extcanbet
ransf
ormedbackt
othe
or
igi
nalPl
aintextbyusi
ngadecry
pti
onal
gori
thm.

CHP5:
DATAMANAGEMENTUSI
NGACCESS

Q.1.Li
standexpl
aindi
ff
erentobj
ect
sinMS-
Access.

Ans:
-AnAccessdat
abasei
smadeupofdi
ff
erentt
ypesofobj
ect
s:

1.Tabl
es:At abl
eisacol
lect
ionofr
elat
eddataorr
ecords.Eachtabl
ecolumnrepr
esent
safiel
dandeach
rowrepresent
sarecor
d.Accesstabl
esar
enotstor
edi nsepar
atefi
lesbutar
ealli
ncl
udedinAccess
MDBf i
le.

2.Quer
ies:Aquer
yisaquesti
onaboutthedat
astor
edintabl
es.Quer
iesar
eusedtoselectort
oper
for
m
anacti
ononasubsetofdata.Aquer
ycanbringt
oget
herdatafr
om mult
ipl
etabl
es.
 3.Forms: Accessf ormsar egener
all
ybasedondatafrom tablesorquer i
es.Theseareusedt
ovi
ew, enter
,
changeandpr intdata.Therearetwowaysofcreat
ingform asf orm wizar
dandbyonourown.For m
wizar
dspeedupt heprocessofcreat
ingf
orms.Usercanv iewt hefor
mi nFormv ieworDat
asheetview.
Formv i
ewdi splaysalltheval
uesforonerecor
d.Datasheetv i
ewdisplaysmultipl
erecor
ds.

4.Repor
ts:Repor t
scanusedt odispl
ayinformati
onf r
om t
ablesandquer
iesinawayt hatmaybemore
meaningf
ul andreadablet
hanjustl
ookingataser i
esofrecordsi
natable.Usercanaddtext
,dat
a,
pi
ctur
eslines,boxesandgraphstoreports.Usercancr
eaterepor
tsbyusingreportwi
zard.I
t
aut
omat i
callycr
eateslogi
calgr
oupofdat a.

5.Macr
os:Macr
osareusedtoautomater
epet
it
ivet
asksandtoext
endt
hecapabil
it
iesofadat
abase.A
Macr
oaut
omatical
l
ycarr
iesoutacommandorseri
esofcommandscal
ledact
ions.

6.Modules:Modulesareusedforadvancedprogr
ammingtaskssuchasimplementinger
rorhandli
ngor
cr
eati
ngownf unct
ions.Modulesar
eusedwhent heact
ionsthatuser
’sappl
icat
ionareper
form cannot
becar
r i
edoutbyasimplequeryormacr o.

CHP6:
TALLY

Q.1.Expl
ainusesoft
hef
eat
ureopt
ion(
F11)
?

Ans:
-

1.Feat
urei
susedt
ochanget
heopt
ionsr
elat
edt
othesel
ect
edcompanyonl
y.

2.Fort
hisF11but
toni
nbut
tonpanel
isashor
tcut
.

3.Usi
ngt
hismenu,
feat
uresoft
hecompanyar
echangedt
hatmeansenabl
esordi
sabl
es.

4.Var
iousfeat
uresareavai
labl
eli
kewhethercompanywant
sinv
oici
ngornot
,whet
hercompanyr
equi
red
mul
tipl
ecurrenci
esorchequepri
nti
ngornot,et
c.

HTMLPROGRAMS

1.
Writ
eht mlcodetocreat
eUserRegi
str
ati
onForm hav
ingthefiel
dsName,Gender,
Address,
Cit
y,Fi
eldI
nter
est
,
SubmitandResetbutt
onsbymakinguseoffor
m elements.Thepageshoul
dhav esui
tabl
eheadi
ng.

Codi
ng:

<ht
ml>

<bodybgcol
or=”
pink”
>

<h2>UserRegi
str
ati
onFor
m</
h2>

<f
orm name=”
f1”
>

Name

<i
nputt
ype=”
text
”name=”
t1”
><br
><br
>

Gender

<i
nputt
ype=”
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o”name=”
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>Mal
e

<i
nputt
ype=”
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o”name=”
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>Femal
e<br
><br
>
Addr
ess

<t
ext
area></
text
area><br
><br
>

Sel
ectCi
ty

<Sel
ectname=”
s1”
>

<opt
ion>Mumbai
</opt
ion>

<opt
ion>Thane</
opt
ion>

<opt
ion>Pune</
opt
ion>

<opt
ion>Guj
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ion>

</
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Fi
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est

<i
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ng

<i
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<i
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<i
nputt
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>

</
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m></
body
></
html
>

2.
Wri
teht
ml pr
ogram t
odisplaymenucar
dof“HOTELDERBI
”wi
thheadi
ngandmi
nimum 3VegandNon-
veg
i
temsdi
spl
ayedincheckboxesandpl
ace“ORDER”

CODI
NG:

<ht
ml>

<body
>

<f
orm name=”
f1”
>

<h1>Hot
elDer
bi</
h1>

<h3>Veg</
h3>

<i
nputt
ype=”
checkbox
”name=”
c1”
>PannerChi
l
li
<br
>

<i
nputt
ype=”
checkbox
”name=”
c2”
>Spr
ingRol
l
<br
>

<i
nputt
ype=”
checkbox
”name=”
c3”
>ChanaChat
<br
>

<h3>Non-
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h3>

<i
nputt
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checkbox
”name=”
c4”
>Chi
ckenLol
ypop<br
>

<i
nputt
ype=”
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ckenLamba<br
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<i
nputt
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>Chi
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<i
nputt
ype=”
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>
</
for
m></
body
></
html
>

3.Createwebpagewi thheadi
ng“Sel
ectyourDat
eofBirt
h”.Di
spl
aythreedr
opdownl ist
s.Fir
stshoul
dbeused
toselectDay,secondshoul
dbeusedtoselectmont
handt hi
rdshoul
dbeusedt osel
ecty ear
.Displ
ay
i
ndicationsasDay ,
MonthandYearinfr
ontofeachl
ist
.Give3opti
onsundereachli
st.Placebut
tonGOto
submi tdetai
l
stotheserver
.

CODI
NG:

<ht
ml>

<body
>

<f
orm name=”
f1”
>

<h1>Sel
ecty
ourDat
eofBi
rt
h</
h1>

Day

<sel
ectname=”
s1”
>

<opt
ion>1</
opt
ion>

<opt
ion>2</
opt
ion>

<opt
ion>3</
opt
ion>

<opt
ion>4</
opt
ion>

<opt
ion>5</
opt
ion>

</
sel
ect
>

Mont
h

<sel
ectname=”
s2”
>

<opt
ion>Januar
y</
opt
ion>

<opt
ion>Febr
uar
y</
opt
ion>

<opt
ion>Mar
ch</
opt
ion>

<opt
ion>Apr
il
</opt
ion>

<opt
ion>May
</opt
ion>

</
sel
ect
>

Year

<sel
ectname=”
s3”
>

<opt
ion>2001</
opt
ion>

<opt
ion>2002</
opt
ion>

<opt
ion>2003</
opt
ion>

<opt
ion>2004</
opt
ion>

<opt
ion>2005</
opt
ion>
</
sel
ect
>

<i
nputt
ype=”
submi
t”v
alue=”
Go”name=”
b1”
>

</
for
m></
body
></
html
>

4.Wr
it
eht
mlcodet
odi
spl
ayat
extMobi
l
eWor
ldhav
ingf
ontsi
ze38,
fontcol
orr
edandov
erl
i
neusi
ngCSS.

CODI
NG:

<ht
ml>

<head><t
it
le>CSS</
ti
tl
e>

<st
yle>

P{
font
-si
ze:
38;
col
or:
red;
text
-decor
ati
on:
over
li
ne}

</
sty
le></
head>

<body
>

<p>Mobi
l
eWor
ld</
p>

</
body
></
html
>

5.Wri
tehtmlcodet
odi
spl
ayat
extMobi
l
eWor
ldhav
ingf
ontsi
ze24,
backgr
oundcol
oraquaandbl
i
nki
ng
eff
ectusi
ngCSS.

CODI
NG:

<ht
ml>

<head><t
it
le>CSS</
ti
tl
e>

<st
yle>

Body
{backgr
ound-
col
or:
aqua}

P{
font
-si
ze:
24;
text
-decor
ati
on:
bli
nk}

</
sty
le></
head>

<body
>

<p>Mobi
l
eWor
ld</
p>

</
body
></
html
>

6.Writ
ehtmlcodetodi
spl
ayi
nfor
mat
ionaboutuser
s.I
nTopsect
ionuser
’schoi
ceandi
nbot
tom sect
ion
user
’sinf
ormati
on.

CODI
NG:

<ht
ml>

<f
ramesetr
ows=”
*,
*”
>

<f
ramesr
c=”
top.
html
”>

<f
ramesr
c=”
bot
tom.
html
>

</
frameset
></
html
>
Top.
html

<ht
ml>

<body
>

<f
orm name=”
f1”
>

<h1al
i
gn=”
cent
er”
>User
’sChoi
ce</
h1>

<i
nputt
ype=”
checkbox”name=”
c1”
>Readi
ng

<i
nputt
ype=”
checkbox”name=”
c2”
>Si
ngi
ng

<i
nputt
ype=”
checkbox”name=”
c3”
>Swi
mmi
ng

</
for
m></
body
></
html
>

Bot
tom.
html

<ht
ml><body
>

<f
orm name=”
f1”
>

<h1al
i
gn=”
cent
er”
>User
’sI
nfor
mat
ion</
h1>

MyNamei
sMi
tesh

</
body
></
html
>

TAGSANDI
TSEXPLANATI
ON

HTMLTAGS&ATTRI
BUTESWI
THDESCRI
PTI
ON

Sr
.No. Tags At
tri
but
es Descr
ipt
ion

1. <ht
ml>…….</
html
> -
--
--
-- Defi
nesthebegi
nni
ngand
cl
osingofHTMLdocument.

2. <head>……</
head> -
--
--
-- Cont
ainst
heheadsect
ionoft
he
page

3. <t
it
le>……</
ti
tl
e> -
--
--
-- Di
spl
ayst
het
it
leoft
hewebpage.

4. <body
>……</
body
> -
--
--
-- Displ
ayst
hecont
ent
sofweb
page

Backgr
ound=”
pict
.j
pg” Contai
nsthesour
ceofi
magef
il
e
tobedispl
ayed

Bgcol
or=”
red” Changescol
oroft
hewebpage

Li
nk=”
green” Changest
hedef
aul
tcol
orofl
i
nk

5. <h1>….
.</
h1> -
--
--
- Fi
rstl
evel
headi
ng

6. <h2>….
.</
h2> -
--
--
- Secondl
evel
headi
ng
 7. <h3>….
.</
h3> -
--
--
- Thi
rdl
evel
headi
ng

8. <h4>….
.</
h4> -
--
--
- Four
thl
evel
headi
ng

9. <h5>….
.</
h5> -
--
--
- Fi
ft
hlev
elheadi
ng

10. <h6>….
.</
h6> -
--
--
- Si
xthl
evel
headi
ng

Al
i
gn=”
cent
er” Di
spl
aysheadi
ngi
ncent
er

<b>……</
b> Di
spl
aysbol
dtext

11. <i
>……</
i> -
--
--
- Di
spl
aysi
tal
i
cst
ext

12. <u>……</
u> -
--
--
- Under
li
net
het
ext

13. <t
t>….
</t
t> -
--
--
- Di
spl
aystypewri
tert
exti
.e
monospacedf
ont

14. <st
rong>….</
str
ong> -
--
--
- Di
spl
aysbol
dtext

15. <ol
>……</
ol> -
--
--
- Di
spl
aysOr
der
edl
i
st

Ty
pe=”
A” Thusat t
ribut
edefi
nesthety
peof
thel
ist.Possibl
eval
uesareAa||
1.Defaultis1.

16. <ul
>……</
ul> -
--
-- Di
spl
aysUnor
der
edl
i
st

Ty
pe=”
cir
cle/
cir
c” Thisattr
ibut
edef i
nest hety
peof
theli
st.Possibl
evaluesare
Circl
e,SquareandDi sc.Defaul
tis
Disc.

17. <l
i
>……</
li
> -
--
-- Di
spl
aysi
temsoft
hel
i
st

18. <a>….
.</
a> -
--
-- Anchort
agusedf
orcr
eat
ingl
i
nks
onwebpage

Hr
ef=”
second.
html
” Def
inesthesour
ceofht
mlf
il
eto
bel
inked

Tar
get
=”f
1” Def
inesnameoft
heframein
whi
chfil
eist
obedispl
ayed.

FRAMESETTAG&ATTRI
BUTES

Sr
.No. Tags At
tri
but
es Descr
ipt
ion

1. <f
rameset
>…… -
--
-- Showshowtodi
vi
dewi
ndowi
n
tofr
ames.
</
frameset
>

Rows=”
50%,
50%” Divi
desscreeni
ntohor
izont
al
secti
ons.

Col
s=”
50%,
50%” Di
vi
desscr
eeni
ntov
ert
ical
 sect
ions.

2. <f
rame> -
--
-- Usedt
ocreat
efr
ameswi
thi
n
fr
ameset

Name=”
f1” Def
inesnameoft
hef
rame.

Sr
c=”
myf
il
e.ht
ml” Def
inesour
ceofthefil
etobe
di
splay
edinsect
ion.

Mar
ginwi
dth=”
25” Set
slef
tmar
ginoff
rame

Mar
ginhei
ght
=”45” Set
stopmar
ginoff
rame

Scr
oll
i
ng=”
yes” Def
inesscr
oll
bar
s.Def
aul
tis
aut
o.

Nor
esi
ze Prev
ent
suserf
rom r
esi
zi
ng
fr
ame.

Fr
amebor
der
=0” Thisatt
ri
but
eshowsbor
der
aroundthef
rame.

<I
FRAME>TAG&ATTRI
BUTE

Sr
.No. Tags At
tri
but
es Descr
ipt
ion

1. <i
fr
ame>….
. -
--
-- I
tisusedf
orcr
eat
ingI
nli
ne
f
rames.
</
ifr
ame>

Sr
c=”
for
m.ht
ml” Speci
fi
est
hef
il
etobedi
spl
ayed
i
nframe.

Wi
dth=”
200” Set
swi
dthoff
rame.i
.e.col
umns

Hei
ght
=”300” Set
shei
ghtoff
ramei
.er
ows

Name=”
frm1” Set
snameoff
rame

Al
i
gn=”
ri
ght
” Setsal
ignmentoffr
ameasl ef
t,
ri
ghtandcenter
.Defaul
tisl
eft
.

Scr
oll
i
ng=”
no” Set
sscr
oll
.YesNo&Aut
o.
Def
aul
tisAut
o.

Bor
der
=”1” Set
sbor
deroft
hef
rame.

CLI
ENTSI
DE&SERVERSI
DEI
MAGEMAPPI
NGTAGSANDATTRI
BUTES

Sr
.No. Tags At
tri
but
es Descr
ipt
ion

1. <i
mg> -
--
-- Usedfori
nser
ti
ngI
mageonweb
page.

Hei
ght
=”200” I
ncr
easesordecr
easehei
ghtof
 I
mage

Al
t=”
Image” Speci
fi
esal
ter
nat
etext

Al
i
gn=”
ri
ght Set
stheal
i
gnmentofi
mage.

Usemap=”
#fr
uit
s” Mappi
ngnameforCl
i
entsi
de
i
magemapping.

I
SMAP I
SMAPindi
catesSer
versi
de
i
magemapping.

2. <map>….</
map> -
--
-- Speci
fi
esmapforCl
i
entsi
de
i
magemapping

Name=“
frui
ts” Set
snamef
ormapf
il
e

3. <ar
ea> -
--
-- Set
sar
eaoft
hehot
spot
.

Shape=”
rect
” Speci
fi
esshapesuchasRect
,
Cir
candPoly

Coor
ds=”
10,
20,
5,
6” Def
inesco-
ordi
nat
esf
orshapes

Hr
ef=”
one.
html
” Speci
fi
esf
il
etobel
i
nked.

Al
t=”
html
page” Specif
iesal
ter
nat
etextf
or
hotspot

FORM TAGSANDATTRI
BUTES

Sr
.No. Tags At
tri
but
es Descr
ipt
ion

1. <f
orm>……</
for
m> -
--
-- Thi
stagi
susedt
ocr
eat
efor
m.

Name=”
frm1” Set
snameoft
hef
orm.

Met
hod=”
get
/post
” Defi
neshowt hedat
aissentto
ser
ver,
ittakes2val
uesgetand
post
,defaulti
sget
.

Act
ion=”
url
” Defi
nesthesourceofthedata-
basefi
l
ewer ethedataisstor
ed
whenusercli
ckonsubmi tbutt
on

2. <i
nput
> -
--
-- Thi
stagisusedt
ocr
eat
efor
m
el
ements.

Ty
pe=”
text
” Cr
eat
est
ext
box

Ty
pe=”
passwor
d” Cr
eat
espasswor
dfi
eld

Ty
pe=”
radi
o” Createsradi
obut
tonsf
orsi
ngl
e
selecti
on.

Ty
pe=”
submi
t” Creat
essubmitbut
tonf
or
submitt
ingdat
a
 Ty
pe=”
reset
” Createsresetbut
tonf
or
ref
reshingpage.

Ty
pe=”
image” I
tisusedtoinser
tani
magei
n
t
hehtml f
il
e.

Ty
pe=checkbox” Creat
escheckboxeswhichare
usedformult
ipl
eselect
ion.

Ty
pe=”
but
ton” Createsabl
ankbut
tonf
or
vali
dati
onpur
pose

Si
ze=”
12” Displ
ayst
hesizeofthet
ext
box
andpasswor
df i
eld.

Maxl
engt
h=”
5” Setsthemaximum numberof
charact
erst
obeinsert
edinthe
text
boxorpasswordfi
eld.

Name=”“ Set
sthenameoft
heobj
ect
.

Checked Setsthedefaul
tsel
ecti
onfor
radi
obuttonsorcheckbox
.

Val
ue=”
Submi
t” Defi
nest
hesour
ceoft
hei
mage
fi
l
e.

Sr
c=”“

3. <t
extarea>…… -
--
-- Cr
eat
esmul
ti
plel
i
net
extf
iel
d.
</
textarea>

Name=”
t1” Def
inest
henameoft
extar
ea.

Rows=”
10” Def
inesr
owsoft
ext
areacont
rol

Col
s=”
50” Defi
nescol
umnsoft
ext
area
cont
rol

4. <sel
ect
>…….</
sel
ect
> -
--
-- Thi
stagi
susedforsel
ect
ionl
i
st
(dr
opdownl
ist
)

Name=”
s1” Set
sthenameofl
i
st

Si
ze=”
3” Setsthesi
zeofdropdownl
i
stso
i
tlooksli
keali
stbox.

Mul
ti
ple Usedtosel
ectmoret
hanone
i
tem f
rom t
heli
st.

5. <opt
ion>….
.</
opt
ion> -
--
-- Thi
stagisusedt
odef
ineeach
i
tem ofl
i
st.