Электронный аналог печатного издания,

утвержденного 07.12.10

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ISBN 978-5-89331-131-0 # >AA89A:89 <>@A:>9 @538AB@ AC4>E>4AB20, 2010

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B5E=>;>38G5A:8E ?@>F5AA>2 A20@:8 A?;02>2 =0 >A=>25
<548 2 >A=>2=>< :0A05BAO 2>?@>A>2, A2O70==KE A
@5<>=B>< 3@51=KE 28=B>2, B0:65 ?@82545=K
M;5<5=BK "8?>2>9 B5E=>;>38G5A:>9 8=AB@C:F88 ?>
@5<>=BC 3@51=KE 28=B>2 87 A?;02>2 =0 >A=>25 <548 A
8A?>;L7>20=85< A20@:8.
 3;. 4.4 C:>2>4AB20 ?@82545=0 "8?>20O
?@>3@0<<0 4;O >4>1@5=8O B5E=>;>38G5A:8E ?@>F5AA>2
=0?;02:8 AB0;L=KE 45B0;59 AC4>2KE <0H8= 8
<5E0=87<>2 A> A?5F8D8:0F8O<8 ?@>F5AA>2 A20@:8,
" 0 1 ; 8 F 0 3.4.5-3
0AG5B=0O B>;I8=0 0 C3;>2>3> 1;0ABL >4>1@5=8O ?> @0AG5B=K<
H20 ?@8 A20@:5 ?@>1, << B>;I8=0< C3;>2KE H2>2, <<
0<6 >B 0,50 4> 0
0e6 >B 0,50
3.5 $ , #!/ !"/
  / !",!"  #!
! )
3.5.1 D>@<;5=85, CA;>28O 459AB28O 8 ?@>4;5=8O
!2845B5;LAB20 > 4>?CA:5 A20@I8:0 A>>B25BAB2CNB
B@51>20=8O< 5.6 G0AB8 XIV «!20@:0» @028;
?>AB@>9:8.
>1@07F0<8 2K40205<>3> !2845B5;LAB20 >1 >4>1@5=88
B5E=>;>38G5A:>3> ?@>F5AA0 A20@:8 (D>@<0 7.1.33), 0
B0:65 2K40205<>3> ?@8 ?>;>68B5;L=KE @57C;LB0B0E
8A?KB0=89 !2845B5;LAB20 > 4>?CA:5 A20@I8:0 (D>@<0
7.1.30).
4.2 "/    !+"
/  / "%'!  &!!
 # !  !
 ! 
@>3@0<<0 4;O >4>1@5=8O B5E=>;>38G5A:>3>
?@>F5AA0 A20@:8 A?;02>2 =0 >A=>25 <548 @07@0-
1>B0=0 2 A>>B25BAB288 A> A;54CNI8<8 4>:C<5=-
B0<8:
.1 @028;0<8 ?>AB@>9:8 (G0ABL %IV «!20@:0»);
.2 @8;>65=8O<8 : C:>2>4AB2C ?> B5E=8G5A-
:><C =01;N45=8N 70 AC40<8 2 M:A?;C0B0F88;
.3 #" W24  «@51=K5 28=BK 87 ;8B59=KE
<54=KE A?;02>2»;
.4  5.9782 «8=BK 3@51=K5 87 A?;02>2 =0
<54=>9 >A=>25. A?@02;5=85 45D5:B>2 8 ?>2@56-
45=89».
4.2.1 %8<8G5A:89 A>AB02 <0B5@80;>2.
 A>>B25BAB288 A @5:><5=40F8O<8 
B8?8G=K5 A?;02K =0 >A=>25 <548 A3@C??8@>20=K 2
7028A8<>AB8 >B 8E E8<8G5A:>3> A>AB020 2 G5BK@5 B8?0:
Cu1, Cu2, Cu3, Cu4 8 ?@54AB02;5=K 2 B01;. 4.2.1.
 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 95

" 0 1 ; 8 F 0 4.2.1
;0AA8D8:0F8O A?;02>2 =0 >A=>25 <548

1>7=0G5=85 0B53>@8O %8<8G5A:89 A>AB02, %

A?;020 A?;020
Cu Zn Fe Al Mn Ni Sn

!u1 0@30=F>28AB0O ;0BC=L Mn 52 _ 62 35 _ 40 0,5 _ 2,5 0,5 _ 3,5 0,5 _ 4 Max 1,0 0,1 _ 0,5
Cu2 8:5;L-<0@30=F>28AB0O ;0BC=L NiMn 50 _ 57 33 _ 38 0,5 _ 2,0 0,5 _ 2,0 1,0 _ 4 3,0 _ 4 Max 0,1
Cu3 8:5;L-0;N<8=8520O 1@>=70 NiAl 77 _ 82 Max 1,0 2,0 _ 6 7 _ 11 0,5 _ 4 3,0 _ 6 Max 0,1
Cu4 0@30=F>28AB0O 0;N<8=8520O 1@>=70 MnAl 70 _ 80 Max 6,0 2,0 _ 5 6,5 _ 9 8 _ 20 1,5 _ 3,0 Max 0,1

 :0G5AB25 8A?KBK205<>3> <0B5@80;0 2K1@0=K 4;O Cu4 @F 12-8-3-2 ("# 48-21-548).
A;54CNI85 A?;02K: 80<5B@ A20@>G=>9 ?@>2>;>:8 3 _ 5 <<;
Cu1 F40F3. .2 70I8B=K9 307:
Cu3 @944F. 0@3>= (!" 10157);
Cu4 @7F1432. .3 ?>4:;04:8:
@8A04>G=K5 <0B5@80;K. ?@8 A20@:5 V->1@07=>9 @0745;:8 A ?>4:;04:>9 <0-
 A>>B25BAB288 A  5.9782 2 :0G5AB25 ?@8A04>G- B5@80; ?>4:;04>: A>>B25BAB2C5B >A=>2=><C <5B0;;C.
=KE <0B5@80;>2 @5:><5=4C5BAO 8A?>;L7>20BL 4.2.2 "8?K ?@>1 A20@=KE A>548=5=89 8 B5E-
A;54CNI85 <0B5@80;K: =8:0 A20@:8.
.1 A20@>G=CN ?@>2>;>:C: !20@:0 2K?>;=O5BAO 2 =86=5< ?>;>65=88 ( ).
4;O !u1 8 !u2 @F 9-2 (!" 16130); $>@<K @0745;>: 8 B5E=8:0 A20@:8 ?@>2545=K 2
4;O Cu3 @F 8,5-4-5-1,5 ("# 48-21-648); B01;. 4.2.2.
" 0 1 ; 8 F 0 4.2.2
@>1K ABK:>2KE A20@=KE A>548=5=89

>=AB@C:B82=K5 M;5<5=BK, >=AB@C:B82=K5 M;5<5=BK A20@=>3> H20,

?>43>B>2:0 :@><>: @0A:;04:0 20;8:>2
96 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5

4.2.3 @5420@8B5;L=K9 ?>4>3@52 8 B5@<>- " 0 1 ; 8 F 0 4.2.4.3

"@51C5<K5 7=0G5=8O ?@>G=>AB8 =0 @0ABO65=85
>1@01>B:0 ?>A;5 A20@:8.
568<K B5@<>>1@01>B:8 8 ?@>4>;68B5;L=>ABL "8? A?;020 @>G=>ABL =0 @0ABO65=85, /<<²
B5@<>>1@01>B:8 4;O A=OB8O =0?@O65=89 C:070=K 2 Cu1 370
B01;. 4.2.3-1 8 4.2.3-2. 03@52 8 >E;0645=85 Cu2 410
?@>872>4OBAO <54;5==> ?@8 :>=B@>;8@C5<KE Cu3 500
CA;>28OE. !:>@>ABL >E;0645=8O ?>A;5 B5@<>- Cu4 550
>1@01>B:8 =5 4>;6=0 ?@52KH0BL 50 °!/G, ?>:0 =5
1C45B 4>AB83=CB0 B5<?5@0BC@0 200 °!. "0:65 2
B01;. 4.2.3-1 >B@065=K B5<?5@0BC@K ?@5420@8-
B5;L=>3> ?>4>3@520 8 <5620;8:>2>9 B5<?5@0BC@K.

" 0 1 ; 8 F 0 4.2.3-1
568<K B5@<>>1@01>B:8
"8? "5<?5@0BC@0 5620;8:>20O "5<?5@0BC@0
A?;020 ?@5420@8B5;L=>3> B5<?5@0BC@0, A=OB8O
?>4>3@520, °! °! =0?@O65=89, °!
!u1 150 300 350 _ 500
Cu2 150 300 350 _ 500
Cu3 50 250 450 _ 500
Cu4 100 300 450 _ 600
8A. 4.2.4.3 1@075F 4;O 8A?KB0=8O =0 @0ABO65=85

" 0 1 ; 8 F 0 4.2.3-2
@>4>;68B5;L=>ABL 2K45@6:8 ?@8 B5@<>>1@01>B:5 4.2.4.5 !E5<K 2K@57:8 >1@07F>2 ?@82545=K =0
"5<?5@0- !?;02K B8?>2 !u1 8 Cu2 !?;02K B8?>2 Cu3 8 Cu4 @8A. 4.2.4.5.
BC@0,
°! '0AK 0:A8<0;L=> '0AK 0:A8<0;L=>
=0 25-<< @5:><5=4C5- =0 25-<< @5:><5=4C5<>5
B>;I8=C <>5 2@5<O, G B>;I8=C 2@5<O, G
350 5 15 _ _
400 1 5 _ _
0:@>H;8D
450 ½ 2 5 15
500 ¼ 1 1 5
550 ¼ ½ ½ 2
600 _ _ ¼ 1

0:@>H;8D

4.2.4 1J5< 8A?KB0=89 ?> >4>1@5=8N B5E=>-

;>38G5A:8E ?@>F5AA>2 A20@:8.
4.2.4.1 &25B=0O 45D5:B>A:>?8O 100 % 4;8=K H20.
"@5I8=K =54>?CAB8<K, :>=B@>;L >AB0;L=KE 0:@>H;8D
45D5:B>2 ?>25@E=>AB8  A>3;0A=> B01;. 4.2.7.3.1
G0AB8 XIII «0B5@80;K» @028; ?>AB@>9:8.
4.2.4.2 "@8 <0:@>H;8D0.
>@K 1>;55 3 << 8 B@5I8=K =54>?CAB8<K.
4.2.4.3 20 8A?KB0=8O =0 @0ABO65=85.
1@075F =0 @0ABO65=85 ?>:070= =0 @8A. 4.2.4.3. 0:@>H;8D
=0G5=8O ?@>G=>AB8 =0 @0ABO65=85 ?@82545=K 2
B01;. 4.2.4.3.
4.2.4.4 >?>;=8B5;L=K5 8A?KB0=8O (2 A;CG05
=5>1E>48<>AB8). 8A. 4.2.4.5 @>10 ABK:>2>3> A20@=>3> A>548=5=8O
20 8A?KB0=8O =0 1>:>2>9 87381. #3>; 703810 180°. 8 AE5<0 2K@57:8 >1@07F>2
80<5B@ >?@02:8 4;O 703810 >?@545;O5BAO ?> D>@<C;5

D>?@ = (100t/A)7t, (4.2.4.4)

345 t _ B>;I8=0 >1@07F0, <<; 4.2.4.6 %0@0:B5@8AB8:8 8A?KBK205<KE A20@=KE
A _ >B=>A8B5;L=>5 C4;8=5=85, %. >1@07F>2 ?@82545=K 2 B01;. 4.2.4.6.
C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 97

" 0 1 ; 8 F 0 4.2.4.6
%0@0:B5@8AB8:8 8A?KBK205<KE A20@=KE >1@07F>2
><5@ 84 1;0ABL ">;I8=0, @>AB@0=AB25=- 5B>4K 8A?KB0=8O
8A?KBK205<>9 A>548=5=8O @0A?@>AB@0=5=8O << =>5 ?>;>65=85 8 G8A;>
!! (C:070=K =><5@0 ?@>1/G8A;> >1@07F>2 (A<.
!!) ?@>1 ?. 4 @>3@0<<K)

1 !BK:>2>5 A>548=5=85 A ?@>20@><, A @0745;:>9 :@><>: 1&3 30 -1 ?@>10 ??. 1, 2, 3

4 0?;02:0 4 30 -1 ?@>10 ??. 1, 2, 4
5 !BK:>2>5 A>548=5=85 A ?@>20@><, A @0745;:>9 :@><>: 5&7 30 -1 ?@>10 ??. 1, 2, 3
8 0?;02:0 8 30 -1 ?@>10 ??. 1, 2, 4
9 !BK:>2>5 A>548=5=85 A ?@>20@><, A @0745;:>9 :@><>: 9&11 30 -1 ?@>10 ??. 1, 2, 3
12 0?;02:0 12 30 -1 ?@>10 ??. 1, 2, 4

4.2.5 1;0ABL >4>1@5=8O B5E=>;>38G5A:>3> >A=>2=K5 <0B5@80;K _ Cu1, Cu3, Cu4;

?@>F5AA0 0@3>=>4C3>2>9 A20@:8 A?;02>2 =0 >A- 480?07>= B>;I8=:
=>25 <548. A20@:0 12 _ 60 <<;
4.2.5.1 "5E=>;>38G5A:89 ?@>F5AA 0@3>=>4C3>2>9 =0?;02:0 5 _ 60 <<;
A20@:8 A?;02>2 =0 >A=>25 <548 ?@8<5=O5BAO ?@8 ?>;>65=8O ?@8 A20@:5 _ .
8A?@02;5=88 45D5:B>2 3@51=KE 28=B>2 (?>4 4.2.5.2 0;55, 2 ?@8;>65=88 : =0AB>OI59 3;025,
B5E=8G5A:8< =01;N45=85< !); ?@82545=K >1@07FK 70?>;=5=8O c?5F8D8:0F89
A?>A>1 A20@:8 _ @CG=0O 0@3>=>4C3>20O A20@:0; ?@>F5AA0 A20@:8 A  1 ?>  12, 0 B0:65 D>@<
A20@>G=K5 <0B5@80;K _ @F 9-2, @F 7.1.30, 7.1.33.
8,5-4-5-1,5, @F 12-8-3-2;
98 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5

@8;>65=85
C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 99
100 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5
C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 101
102 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5
C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 103
104 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5
C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 105
106 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5
C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 107
108 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5
C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 109
110 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5
C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 111
112 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5

8
C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 113
114 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5
C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 115
116 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5
C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 117
118 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5
C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 119
120 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5
C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 121
122 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5
C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 123
124 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5
C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5 125
126 C:>2>4AB2> ?> B5E=8G5A:><C =01;N45=8N 70 ?@8<5=5=85< A20@:8 2 AC4>AB@>5=88 8 AC4>@5<>=B5

4.3 -"+ " "%'!
!" #&  "#  +% "
 !  ! 
! !, ! 
4.3.1 1I85 ?>;>65=8O.
4.3.1.1 2545=85.
"5E=>;>38G5A:0O 8=AB@C:F8O A>AB02;5=0 =0
>A=>25  5.9782, 0 B0:65 2 A>>B25BAB288 A
=>@<0B82=K<8 4>:C<5=B0<8 ! 8 @0A?@>AB@0=O5BAO
=0 @5<>=B 28=B>2, 873>B>2;5==KE 87 A?;02>2 !u1,
!u2, !u3, !u4.
4.3.1.2 &25B=K5 A?;02K, ?@8<5=O5<K5 4;O 87-
3>B>2;5=8O 3@51=KE 28=B>2.
 A>>B25BAB288 A =>@<0B82=K<8 4>:C<5=B0<8
! 2A5 F25B=K5 A?;02K =0 >A=>25 <548 4;O
873>B>2;5=8O 3@51=KE 28=B>2 @0745;ONBAO =0
:0B53>@88 2 A>>B25BAB288 A B01;. 4.3.1.2-1.
A=>2=K5 ;0BC=8 8 1@>=7K, ?@8<5=O5<K5 4;O
873>B>2;5=8O 3@51=KE 28=B>2 2 @07;8G=KE AB@0=0E,
?@82545=K 2 B01;. 4.3.1.2-2.
" 0 1 ; 8 F 0 4.3.1.2-1

1>7=0G5=85 0B53>@8O %8<8G5A:89 A>AB02, %

A?;020 A?;020
Cu Zn Fe Al Mn Ni Sn

!u1 0@30=F>28AB0O ;0BC=L Mn 52-62 35 _ 40 0,5 _ 2,5 0,5 _ 3,5 0,5 _ 4 ax 1,0 0,1-0,5
Cu2 8:5;L-<0@30=F>28AB0O ;0BC=L NiMn 50-57 33 _ 38 0,5 _ 2,0 0,5 _ 2,0 1,0 _ 4 3,0 _ 4 ax 0,1
Cu3 8:5;L-0;N<8=8520O 1@>=70 NiAl 77-82 ax 1,0 2,0 _ 6 7 _ 11 0,5 _ 4 3,0 _ 6 ax 0,1
Cu4 0@30=F>28AB0O 0;N<8=8520O 1@>=70 MnAl 70-80 ax 6,0 2,0 _ 5 6,5 _ 9 8 _ 20 1,5 _ 3,0 ax 0,1

" 0 1 ; 8 F 0 4.3.1.2-2

!B@0=0 8 D8@<0 0@30=F>28AB0O ;0BC=L 8:5;L-0;N<8=8520O 0@30=F>28AB0O

Mn (Cu1) 1@>=70 NiAl 0;N<8=8520O 1@>=70
8:5;L-<0@30=F>28AB0O ;0BC=L (Cu3) MnAl (Cu4)
NiMn (Cu2)

>AA8O F55-3-1 @944 @7F1432

!" 1019-47 !" 9208-81 !" 9208-81
F40F3 520-60
!" 9208-81 520-70
=3;8O, «!B>C=» !B>C= (" 1) 8:0;8C< >2>AB>= (!1)
-2 !C?5@AB>= 70
!>=>AB>=
(50)
>;;0=48O 8<0 1@>=70 C=80; 1@>=70 66 8=4@C=5;L 66
8=4@C=5;L 905

B0;8O, «=A0;L4>» @>=70 1- 80;L<0 _

$@0=F8O, «!>AL5B5 0=B87» _ 0=B80; 0=30; 99

UAR19-QR60

5@<0=8O, «"5>4>@ &0975» G-SM57F45 G-NiB F60 G-MnAlBzFe45

G-SMN15 ;:C=8: Al-MnBz13
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