c2

{\rtf\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0 Segoe UI;}{\f1 Helvetica;}{\f2 Symbol;}}{\colortbl
\red0\green0\blue0;\red36\green36\blue36;}\paperw9070\paperh13606\margl0\margr0\
margt0\margb0\sectd\sbknone\sected\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-200\par\p
ard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-2
00\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-368\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-399\f0\fs
44\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Chapter\f0\fs44\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\par\pard\plain
\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-296\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-399\f0\fs44\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 Digital\f0\fs44\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Phase\f0\fs44\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 Lock\f0\fs44\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Loops\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\coln
o1\colw1650\colsr10\colno2\colw7400\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\
pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-205\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-277\f0\fs30\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.1\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\par
d\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-205\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-277\f0\fs30\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 Introduction\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\pla
in\sl-289\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 analog\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PLLs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 (APLLs)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 still\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 widely\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 used,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 but\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 di
gital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PLLs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (DPLLs)
\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 attracting\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 more\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 attention\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signi\u64257?cant\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 advantages\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 systems\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-2
59\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 over\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 their\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 analog\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counterparts.\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 These\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 advantages\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 include\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 superiority\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 per-\par\pard\pl
ain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 formance,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 speed,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reliability,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reduction\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 size\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cost.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 alleviated\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 many\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 problems\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 associated\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 APLLs.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
following\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 brief\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 comparison:\pa
r\pard\plain\li1228\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 APLLs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 su\u64256?er\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 from\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 sensitivity\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 voltage-controlled\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 oscillator\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (which
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 decides\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 center\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 frequency)\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 temperature\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 power\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 supply\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 varia-\par\pard\plain\li912
\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tions,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 henc
e\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 need\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 initial\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 calibration\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 periodic\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 adjustments.\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 do\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 not\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 su\u642
56?er\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 from\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 such\f0

\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 problem\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [12,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 17,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 68].\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 most\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 familiar\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 detectors\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 APLLs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 utilize\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 analog\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 multipliers\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (balanc
ed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 modulators)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whi
ch\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sensitive\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 d.c.\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 drifts\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [10,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 18],\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 problem\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 does\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 not\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 exist\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 DPLLs.\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 3.\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 operate\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 very\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 low\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 frequencies\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
create\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 problems\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 APLLs\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [17,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 18].\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 These\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 problems\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 are\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 related\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 operation\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 analog\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 low-pass\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 extracting\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lower\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fre
quency\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 component\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [
11,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 18],as\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 needs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 larger\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 time\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\par\pard\plain\li9
12\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 better\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fr
equency\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 resolution,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 will\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reduce\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locking\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 speed.\par\pard\pla
in\li1228\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 4.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Self-acquisition\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 APLLs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 often\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 slow\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 unreliable,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 while\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs,\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 basic\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 blo
ck\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 diagram\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shown\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.1,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 have\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 faster\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 locking\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 speeds\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 [17].\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 due\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
basic\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 operation\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 o
f\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 analog\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 low-pass\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter\f

0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 analog\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 multiplier\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detecto
r\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (PD).\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 low\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 pass\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 cannot\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 extract\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lower\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fre
quency\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 few\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cycles\par\p
ard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 since\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 narrow\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 time\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 windowing\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
will\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 destroy\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 information\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 frequency\par\pard
\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 domain\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 (due\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 th
e\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 time\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 frequency\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 resolution\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tradeo\u
64256?).\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Same\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reas
oning\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 applies\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 balanced\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 modulator\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 PD.\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 contrast,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 operation\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 based\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 di\u64256?erence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 equation\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 convergence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 decided\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 coe\u64259?cients\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 equation,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 PD\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 operation\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\par
d\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200
\par\pard\plain\sl-293\par\pard\plain\li4380\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 15\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn9070\pghsxn13606\sected\cols2\colno1\colw6910\cols
r10\colno2\colw2140\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-20
0\par\pard\plain\sl-332\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 16\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\pa
r\pard\plain\sl-276\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-279\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 CHAPT
ER\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 2\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060
\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-240\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 related\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
instant\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sampli
ng\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rather\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 than\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 frequency\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 comparison.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\par\pard\
plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 why\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 achieve\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locking\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 within\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 few\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cycles\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 (see\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Chapter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str

ike0 3).\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Hence\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 tackled\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 concentration\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 sinusoidal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 The\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 develo
pment\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 started\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1970\u8217?s.\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 analysis\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 positive-going\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ze
ro-crossing\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sinusoidal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 was\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pres
ented\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1980\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 using\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?xed\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 point\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 theorems\par\par
d\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [50,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 51].\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 se
cond\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signi\u64257?cant\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 step\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sinus
oidal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 was\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tan-\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 lock\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 loop\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (D
TL)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1982\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [13]\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 based\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 arc
tan\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detector
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 gave\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 linear\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 system\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 equation.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 Since\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1982\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
many\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e\u64256?orts\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 were\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 made\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 improve\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard
\plain\li912\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 performance\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DTL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
[52,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 53,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 54,\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 59].\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 book\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 we\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 emphasize\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 new\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\pa
r\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 combines\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 two\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 major\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a
pproaches\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?eld:\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 approach\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sinusoidal\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 \u64257?xed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 point\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 analysis\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
he\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 approach\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DTL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 arctan\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 phase\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 dete
ctor.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 main\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 advantages\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20

\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 called\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 time\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 delay\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tan-\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lock\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 loop\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 (TDTL),\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reduced\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 complexity\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 loop,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wider\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lock\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 range\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?rst-order\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 loop\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fa
ster\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 convergence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 s
peed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 under\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 certain
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 choice\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 TDTL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 parameters.\par\pard\plain\sl-285\par\
pard\plain\li1763\sl-158\f1\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Input\par\sect\sected\sbkn
one\cols4\colno1\colw2250\colsr10\colno2\colw1730\colsr10\colno3\colw1570\colsr1
0\colno4\colw3480\pard\plain\li1718\sl-267\f1\fs16\charscalex78\cf1\b0\i\ul0\str
ike0 Signal\par\pard\plain\li363\sl-262\column\f1\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Pha
se\f1\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Error\par\pard\plain\li493\sl-198\f1\fs16\cf1\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Detector\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\
plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-383\p
ar\pard\plain\li0\sl-158\f1\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 DCO\f1\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 Pulses\par\pard\plain\li281\sl-213\column\f1\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 P
hase\par\pard\plain\li332\sl-254\f1\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Error\par\pard\pla
in\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\
pard\plain\sl-335\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-153\f1\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Digita
l\f1\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Controlled\par\pard\plain\li22\sl-198\f1\fs16\c
f1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Oscillator\f1\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (DCO)\par\pard\co
lumn\plain\sl-208\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-153\f1\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Digita
l\f1\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Filter\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\p
lain\sl-215\par\pard\plain\li450\sl-158\f1\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Output\par\
pard\plain\li450\sl-226\f1\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Pulses\par\sect\sected\sbkn
one\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-297\par\pard\plain
\li1733\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 2.1:\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Basic\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 bloc
k\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 diagram\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locked\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 loop.\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw1650\colsr10\colno
2\colw7400\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-301\par\par
d\plain\li912\sl-277\f0\fs30\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.2\par\pard\column\plain\sl200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-301\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-277\f0\fs3
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Classi\u64257?cation\f0\fs30\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f
0\fs30\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw906
0\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Di
gital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase-locked\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
loops\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 classi\u64257?ed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 into\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 two\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 major\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 categories\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 depending\par\p
ard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 type\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sampling\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 process\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [12]\par\pard\plain\sl-234\par\pard\plain\li1169\
sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Uniform\f

0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sampling\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs\par\
pard\plain\sl-242\par\pard\plain\li1169\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Non-uniform\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sampli
ng\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs\par\pard\plain\sl-234\par\pard\plain\li1
228\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL
s\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 also\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 classi\u64257?ed\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 according\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mechanization\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li912\
sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detect
or\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 into\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?ve
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 types\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 follows\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [12]\par\pard\plai
n\sl-234\par\pard\plain\li1169\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1.\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64258?ip-\u64258?op\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (FF-DPLL)
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2402\shptop5723\shpright3745\shpbottom6576
\shpfhdr0\shpbxpage\shpbypage
\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz18\shplid18955
{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 1343}}
{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 853}}
{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,853);(1343,853);(1343,0);(0,0);(0,853)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457
7;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 16579836}}
{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
}}
{\shpgrp{\*\shpinst\shpleft2402\shptop5723\shpright3745\shpbottom6576
{\sp{\sn groupLeft}{\sv 2402}}
{\sp{\sn groupTop}{\sv 5723}}
{\sp{\sn groupRight}{\sv 3745}}
{\sp{\sn groupBottom}{\sv 6576}}
{\shp{\*\shpinst\shplid13
{\sp{\sn relLeft}{\sv 2402}}
{\sp{\sn relTop}{\sv 6576}}
{\sp{\sn relRight}{\sv 3745}}
{\sp{\sn relBottom}{\sv 6576}}
{\sp{\sn fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 1343}}
geoBottom}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(1343,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}
lineColor}{\sv 2368548}}
lineDashing}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}
fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}
{\sp{\sn rotation}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,853);(0,0)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 2368548}}
{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
7;32768}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
groupLeft}{\sv 5387}}
groupTop}{\sv 5723}}
groupRight}{\sv 6731}}
groupBottom}{\sv 6576}}
fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
relTop}{\sv 5723}}
relRight}{\sv 6731}}
relBottom}{\sv 5723}}
fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoBottom}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(1345,0);(0,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}

7;32768}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,854);(0,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;4;(0,0);(105,53);(0,105);(0,0)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;10;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;24577;32768}
}
}}
}}
}
}}
}}
}

}}
}}

}}
}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;42;(38,75);(44,75);(49,74);(55,72);(59,69);(64,66);(6
7,63);(70,59);(73,54);(75,50);(77,45);(77,40);(78,35);(77,30);(76,25);(74,20);(7
2,16);(69,11);(65,7);(60,3);(55,0);(55,0);(46,-1);(38,-2);(30,-2);(24,0);(18,2);
(12,6);(8,11);(5,16);(2,22);(0,28);(0,34);(0,41);(0,47);(2,53);(5,59);(10,64);(1
5,68);(21,71);(29,74);(38,75)}}
{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;85;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
}

}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}
}}\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn9070\pghsxn13606\sected\cols2\colno1\colw7930\colsr1
0\colno2\colw1120\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\
par\pard\plain\sl-272\par\pard\plain\li908\sl-279\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 D
IGITAL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 PHASE\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 LOCK\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 LOOPS\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl
-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-329\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 17\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\p
lain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-240\par\pard\plain\li1166\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 2.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Nyquist-rate\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
(NR-DPLL)\par\pard\plain\sl-296\par\pard\plain\li1166\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 3.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
lead-lag\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (L
L-DPLL),\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a.k.a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 bin
ary-quantized\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
(BQ-DPLL)\par\pard\plain\sl-296\par\pard\plain\li1166\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 4.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Exclusive-OR\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (XOR-DPLL)\par\pard\plain\sl-296\p
ar\pard\plain\li1166\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 5.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 Zero-crossing\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 (ZC-DPLL)\par\pard\plain\sl-286\par\pard\plain\li1224\sl-192\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Types\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 above\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 belongs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 uniform\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 sampling,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 while\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 others\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 belong
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 non-\par\pard\
plain\li908\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 uniform\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 sampling.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 A\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
brief\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 discussion\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 each\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 type\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 given\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 below.\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\pl
ain\sl-234\par\pard\plain\li908\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Flip-\u6425
8?op\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\par\pard\plain\sl-216\par\pard\plain\li
908\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 kin
d\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 was\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 proposed\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 literature\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 number\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 authors\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [19],\par\pa
rd\plain\li908\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [20],\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 [21]\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
[22].\par\pard\plain\li1224\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 type\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 detector\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rea
lized\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 set-clear\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64258?ip-\u64
258?op\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter\par\pard\plain\li908\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shown\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.2.\
par\pard\plain\li1224\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 sinusoidal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 signal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 converted\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 into\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 square\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wave\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 through\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\par\pard\
plain\li908\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 operational\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 ampli\u64257?er\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 acting\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 comparator.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
output\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?Q\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64
258?ip-\u64258?op\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\par\pard\plain\li908\sl-259\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 set\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 logic\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?1\u8221?\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u

l0\strike0 positive-going\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 edge\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 comparator,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 logic\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?0
\u8221?\par\pard\plain\li908\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 positive-going\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 edge\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 controlled\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 oscillator\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 (DCO).\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Hence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\par\pard\plain\li908\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 duration\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 when\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Q\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 level\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?1\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 will\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pro
portional\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 between\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li908\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO.\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 gate\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cl
ock\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\par\
pard\plain\li908\sl-297\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 frequency\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
2\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b
0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\stri
ke0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 center\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 frequency\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li908\
sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 number\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 quantization\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 levels\
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 over\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 period\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u960?\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter\par\pard\plain\li908\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 zeroed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 starts\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counting\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 positive-going\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 edge\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 \u64258?ip-\u64258?op\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wave-\par\pard\pla
in\li908\sl-297\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 form.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 content\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter,\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 N\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 ,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 proportional\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error,\par\pard\plain\li908\sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 applied\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 N-bit\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?rst-order\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digit

al\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wh
ich\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 consists\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 proportional\par\pard\plain\li908\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 accumulation\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 paths.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 output\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u
64257?lter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 contro
ls\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 period\par\
pard\plain\li908\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wh
ich\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 consists\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 basic
ally\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 programmable\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 divide-by-\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter.\par\pard\pl
ain\li908\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 It\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 undergoes\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 non-uniform\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sampling\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 here\par\pard\plain\li908\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rather
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 than\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 amplitude.\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-219\pa
r\pard\plain\li908\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Nyquist-rate\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\par\pard\plain\sl-216\par\pard\plain\li908\sl-192\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 was\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 proposed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [23,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
24]\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 subseque
ntly\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 developed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 works\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\par\pard\plain\li908\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 [25],\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [26]\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [27].\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Nyquist\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sampling\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ra
ther\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 than\par\pard\plain\li908\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 amplitude\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 was\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reported\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [28].\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
In\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sinusoidal\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal\par\pard\pla
in\li908\sl-298\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
sampled\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 uniformly\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a
t\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Nyquist\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rate\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i
\ul0\strike0 s\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
converted\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 N\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -bit\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\par\pard
\plain\li908\sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 anal
og-to-digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 converter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 (ADC),\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 then\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
it\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 multiplied\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digitally\par\pard\plain\li908\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st

rike0 DCO\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 output\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 v
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
form\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 applied\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 to\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn9070\pghsxn13606\sected\cols4\colno1\colw
1330\colsr10\colno2\colw2710\colsr10\colno3\colw2850\colsr10\colno4\colw2140\par
\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 18\par\pard\column\pl
ain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par
\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl
-200\par\pard\plain\sl-239\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 Sinusoidal\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\
sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\par
d\plain\sl-374\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Clear\par
\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\p
lain\sl-276\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-279\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 CHAPTER\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 2\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols8\colno1\colw2490\colsr10
\colno2\colw530\colsr10\colno3\colw770\colsr10\colno4\colw630\colsr10\colno5\col
w950\colsr10\colno6\colw870\colsr10\colno7\colw610\colsr10\colno8\colw2140\pard\
plain\li1340\sl-302\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Input\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 Signal\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-179\column\f0\fs10\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\p
ar\pard\plain\li0\sl-284\f0\fs10\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-2
51\column\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x(t)\par\pard\column\plain\sl-207\par\par
d\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Set\par\pard\plain\sl-207\par\p
ard\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Clear\par\pard\column\plain\s
l-207\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Q\par\pard\plain\l
i25\sl-257\f0\fs12\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -\par\pard\column\plain\sl-377\par\pard
\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Counter\par\pard\column\plain\sl
-245\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-200\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 N\f0\fs12\cf1\b0\i\u
l0\strike0 o\par\pard\column\plain\sl-302\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs16\cf1
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Digital\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-170\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 Filter\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw5930\colsr10\colno2\colw3120\
pard\plain\sl-378\par\pard\plain\li5052\sl-152\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Clo
ck\par\pard\column\plain\sl-301\par\pard\plain\li225\sl-79\f0\fs8\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 M\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-179\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 f=2\f0\fs16\cf
1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs12\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 o\par\sect\sected\sbknone\
cols3\colno1\colw5450\colsr10\colno2\colw1070\colsr10\colno3\colw2520\pard\plain
\sl-309\par\pard\plain\li3597\sl-152\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO\f0\fs16\c
f1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Pulses\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-223\
par\pard\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO\par\pard\column\plai
n\sl-253\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-176\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\par\sect\secte
d\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard
\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-368\
par\pard\plain\li1695\sl-189\f0\fs18\charscalex95\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x(t)\par\
pard\plain\sl-354\par\pard\plain\li1570\sl-163\f0\fs18\charscalex95\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 DCO\par\pard\plain\li1493\sl-207\f0\fs18\charscalex95\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 Pulses\par\pard\plain\sl-224\par\pard\plain\li1811\sl-163\f0\fs18\charscal
ex95\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Q\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-257\par\par
d\plain\li1820\sl-189\f0\fs18\charscalex95\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\par\pard\plain
\sl-276\par\pard\plain\li7514\sl-189\f0\fs18\charscalex95\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 t
\par\pard\plain\sl-267\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Figure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.2:\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f
0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64258?ip-\u64258?op\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 DPLL.\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Above:\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 A\
f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 block\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 diagram.\f0\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Below:\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Waveforms\f0\f
s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\par\pard\plain\li

912\sl-256\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 function\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 time.\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl
-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-282\par\pard\
plain\li912\sl-193\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 N\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
-bit\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64
257?lter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whose\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 out
put\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 controls\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 period\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shown\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 in\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.3.\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 NR-DPLL\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 algorithmic\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 type\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 [26].\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 It\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 constructed\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 utilizing\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 basic\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 idea\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 analog\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 VCO
.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 analog\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 VCO\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 output\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\par\pard\plain\li912\sl
-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 given\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [29]\par\pard\plain\
sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-218\par\pard\plain\li5233\sl-148\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 t\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols4\colno1\colw5110\colsr10\colno2\colw310\co
lsr10\colno3\colw2270\colsr10\colno4\colw1340\pard\plain\li2839\sl-268\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 v(\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 t\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 B\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cos\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u969?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i
\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 t\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 G\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\par\pard\column\pl
ain\sl-243\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-186\f0\fs14\charscalex52\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \
u8722?\u8734?\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-224\column\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 y\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u964?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 d\u964?\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-23
0\column\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.1)
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;84;(301,114);(301,123);(299,132);(297,141);(293,150);
(289,158);(284,166);(278,174);(272,181);(265,188);(257,194);(248,200);(239,205);
(230,210);(220,215);(209,218);(198,222);(187,224);(175,226);(163,227);(151,227);
(151,227);(138,227);(126,226);(114,224);(103,222);(92,218);(81,215);(71,210);(62
,205);(53,200);(44,194);(36,188);(29,181);(23,174);(17,166);(12,158);(8,150);(4,
141);(2,132);(0,123);(0,114);(0,114);(0,104);(2,95);(4,86);(8,78);(12,69);(17,61
);(23,54);(29,47);(36,40);(44,33);(53,27);(62,22);(71,17);(81,13);(92,9);(103,6)
;(114,3);(126,1);(138,0);(151,0);(151,0);(163,0);(175,1);(187,3);(198,6);(209,9)
;(220,13);(230,17);(239,22);(248,27);(257,33);(265,40);(272,47);(278,54);(284,61
);(289,69);(293,78);(297,86);(299,95);(301,104);(301,114)}}
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
{\sp{\sn fillOpacity}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}

}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}
}}
}

}}
7;32768}}
}}
7;32768}}
}}

7;32768}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 0}}
geoBottom}{\sv 208}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(0,208)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}

}}
}
}}
}}

}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}
}}

}
}}
}}
}

}}
}
}}
7;32768}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}
}}
}

}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 58}}
geoBottom}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(58,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
relTop}{\sv 6482}}
fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,259);(0,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(58,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
geoBottom}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(584,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 175}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,155);(175,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
{\sp{\sn dxTextLeft}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dyTextTop}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dxTextRight}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn dyTextBottom}{\sv 0}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\shptxt\pard\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 Q\par}}}\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn9070\pghsxn13606\sected\cols2\co
lno1\colw7930\colsr10\colno2\colw1120\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\pa
r\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-281\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-279\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 DIGITAL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 PHASE\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\
ul0\strike0 LOCK\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 LOOPS\par\pard\column\plain\sl-2
00\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-338\par\pard\pl
ain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 19\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols5\co
lno1\colw2990\colsr10\colno2\colw990\colsr10\colno3\colw1070\colsr10\colno4\colw
810\colsr10\colno5\colw3160\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\pla
in\sl-266\par\pard\plain\li1412\sl-152\f0\fs16\charscalex113\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 Sinusoidal\par\pard\plain\sl-234\par\pard\plain\li1385\sl-152\f0\fs16\charsca
lex113\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Input\f0\fs16\charscalex113\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Signal\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\
par\pard\plain\sl-283\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs16\charscalex113\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 ADC\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plai
n\sl-242\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-176\f0\fs16\charscalex113\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x(
k)\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-242\par\
pard\plain\li0\sl-176\f0\fs16\charscalex113\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 e(k)\par\pard\c
olumn\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-338\par\pard\plain\li
0\sl-152\f0\fs16\charscalex113\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Digital\par\pard\plain\li54
\sl-193\f0\fs16\charscalex113\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Filter\par\sect\sected\sbkno
ne\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\li1659\sl-338\f0\fs16\charscalex113\cf0\b0\i
\ul0\strike0 x(t)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols5\colno1\colw3230\colsr10\colno2\c
olw1690\colsr10\colno3\colw810\colsr10\colno4\colw1270\colsr10\colno5\colw2020\p
ard\plain\sl-356\par\pard\plain\li3193\sl-176\f0\fs16\charscalex-273\cf0\b0\i\ul
0\strike0 f\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-253\par\pard\plain\li
0\sl-176\f0\fs16\charscalex113\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 s\par\pard\column\plain\sl-3
56\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-176\f0\fs16\charscalex113\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 v(k)\par
\pard\column\plain\sl-380\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs16\charscalex113\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 Algorithmic\par\pard\plain\li239\sl-193\f0\fs16\charscalex113\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO\par\pard\column\plain\sl-283\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-176\f
0\fs16\charscalex113\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 y(k)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\col
no1\colw3290\colsr10\colno2\colw5760\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par
\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-295\par\pard\plain\li2295\sl-198\f0\fs14\cf
1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 G\f0\fs14\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200
\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plai
n\sl-202\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-155\f0\fs14\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs14\cf1\b0
\i\ul0\strike0 s\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols4\colno1\colw4630\colsr10\colno2\c
olw1530\colsr10\colno3\colw890\colsr10\colno4\colw1980\pard\plain\sl-229\par\par
d\plain\li1403\sl-156\f0\fs14\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 y\f0\fs14\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 (k-1)\par\pard\plain\sl-314\par\pard\plain\li1450\sl-134\f0\fs14\cf1\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 Input\par\pard\column\plain\sl-229\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-155\f0\fs14\c
f1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 q(k)\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-264\par\
pard\plain\li0\sl-134\f0\fs14\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sq[.]\par\pard\column\plain\
sl-336\par\pard\plain\li46\sl-155\f0\fs14\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 v(k)\par\pard\pla
in\li0\sl-321\f0\fs14\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Output\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1
\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\li4362\sl-256\f0\fs14\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Unit\f0\
fs14\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Delay\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols3\colno1\colw4570\
colsr10\colno2\colw110\colsr10\colno3\colw4360\pard\plain\li3423\sl-256\f0\fs14\
cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 q(k-1)\par\pard\column\plain\sl-272\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-1
55\f0\fs14\charscalex-137\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 z\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-342\colum
n\f0\fs14\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 -1\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\
pard\plain\sl-374\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figu
re\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.3:\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs1
8\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Nyquist-rate\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL.\f0\fs
18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Above:\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 A\f0\fs18\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 block\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 diagram.\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 Below:\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 algorith-\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-256\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 mic\f
0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO.\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\p
ar\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-248\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\par\pard\plain\sl-331\par\pard\plain\li2548\sl-231\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u969?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 center\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 frequency\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 VCO\par\pard\plain\li2513\sl-313\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 G\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sensitivity\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 o
f\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 VCO\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (rad\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 sec\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 .\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 volt)\
par\pard\plain\li2411\sl-270\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 y\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 t\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 voltage\par\pard\plain\sl-337\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-192\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 discrete\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 time\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 domain,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.1)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 can\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 expre
ssed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 follows\pa
r\pard\plain\sl-276\par\pard\plain\li5575\sl-186\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\
f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\par\sect\se

cted\sbknone\cols3\colno1\colw5890\colsr10\colno2\colw1810\colsr10\colno3\colw13
40\pard\plain\li2590\sl-301\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 v(\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul
0\strike0 kT\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 s\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 B\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 cos\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u
960?kf\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /f\f0\fs14\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 s\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strik
e0 G\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-257\column\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 y\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 n\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-263\column\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.2)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plai
n\li5571\sl-215\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =0\
par\pard\plain\sl-266\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-231\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
where\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 T\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 s\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\stri
ke0 /f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 s\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sampling\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 period\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0
\strike0 y\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0
\strike0 y\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 nT\f0\f
s14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 s\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 .\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sin
usoidal\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 function\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 v(\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 kT\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul
0\strike0 s\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 converted\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 square\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 wave\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 v\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 follows\par\pard\plain\sl-23
9\par\pard\plain\li5314\sl-186\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\u
l0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols4
\colno1\colw5290\colsr10\colno2\colw330\colsr10\colno3\colw2070\colsr10\colno4\c
olw1340\pard\plain\li2852\sl-301\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 v\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sq\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u960?kf\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\st
rike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 s\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 G\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\str
ike0 o\par\pard\column\plain\sl-329\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-186\f0\fs14\charscalex
51\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\f0\fs14\charscalex51\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =0\par\pard
\plain\li0\sl-257\column\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 y\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\par\pard\
plain\li0\sl-263\column\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.3)
(369,235);(362,247);(355,259);(347,269);(337,280);(327,289);(317,298);(305,306);
(293,313);(280,320);(266,326);(252,330);(238,334);(223,337);(208,338);(192,339);
(192,339);(176,338);(161,337);(146,334);(131,330);(117,326);(104,320);(91,313);(
79,306);(67,298);(56,289);(46,280);(37,269);(29,259);(21,247);(15,235);(10,223);
(6,210);(3,197);(1,183);(0,169);(0,169);(1,156);(3,142);(6,129);(10,116);(15,104
);(21,92);(29,80);(37,69);(46,59);(56,50);(67,41);(79,33);(91,25);(104,19);(117,
13);(131,9);(146,5);(161,2);(176,1);(192,0);(192,0);(208,1);(223,2);(238,5);(252
,9);(266,13);(280,19);(293,25);(305,33);(317,41);(327,50);(337,59);(347,69);(355
,80);(362,92);(369,104);(374,116);(378,129);(381,142);(383,156);(384,169)}}
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
}}
}

}}
}
}}
7;32768}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
7;32768}}

}}
7;32768}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}
}}

}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(0,1307)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
relTop}{\sv 2114}}
fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 740}}
geoBottom}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(740,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}
}}

}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}
(316,208);(310,219);(304,229);(297,238);(289,247);(281,256);(271,264);(262,271);
(251,277);(240,283);(228,288);(216,292);(204,295);(191,298);(178,299);(164,300);
(164,300);(151,299);(138,298);(125,295);(112,292);(100,288);(89,283);(78,277);(6
7,271);(57,264);(48,256);(40,247);(32,238);(25,229);(18,219);(13,208);(8,197);(5
,186);(2,174);(1,162);(0,150);(0,150);(1,138);(2,126);(5,114);(8,103);(13,92);(1
8,81);(25,71);(32,61);(40,52);(48,44);(57,36);(67,29);(78,22);(89,17);(100,12);(
112,8);(125,4);(138,2);(151,0);(164,0);(164,0);(178,0);(191,2);(204,4);(216,8);(
228,12);(240,17);(251,22);(262,29);(271,36);(281,44);(289,52);(297,61);(304,71);
(310,81);(316,92);(320,103);(324,114);(327,126);(328,138);(329,150)}}
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
(317,209);(311,219);(305,230);(298,239);(290,248);(282,257);(272,264);(262,272);
(252,278);(241,284);(229,289);(217,293);(205,296);(192,299);(178,300);(165,301);
(165,301);(151,300);(138,299);(125,296);(113,293);(101,289);(89,284);(78,278);(6
8,272);(58,264);(48,257);(40,248);(32,239);(25,230);(18,219);(13,209);(8,198);(5
,186);(2,175);(1,163);(0,150);(0,150);(1,138);(2,126);(5,114);(8,103);(13,92);(1
8,81);(25,71);(32,62);(40,53);(48,44);(58,36);(68,29);(78,23);(89,17);(101,12);(
113,8);(125,4);(138,2);(151,0);(165,0);(165,0);(178,0);(192,2);(205,4);(217,8);(
229,12);(241,17);(252,23);(262,29);(272,36);(282,44);(290,53);(298,62);(305,71);
(311,81);(317,92);(321,103);(325,114);(328,126);(329,138);(330,150)}}
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
(316,208);(310,219);(304,229);(297,238);(289,247);(281,256);(271,264);(262,271);
(251,277);(240,283);(228,288);(216,292);(204,295);(191,298);(178,299);(164,300);
(164,300);(151,299);(138,298);(125,295);(112,292);(100,288);(89,283);(78,277);(6
7,271);(57,264);(48,256);(40,247);(32,238);(25,229);(18,219);(13,208);(8,197);(5
,186);(2,174);(1,162);(0,150);(0,150);(1,138);(2,126);(5,114);(8,103);(13,92);(1
8,81);(25,71);(32,61);(40,52);(48,44);(57,36);(67,29);(78,22);(89,17);(100,12);(
112,8);(125,4);(138,2);(151,0);(164,0);(164,0);(178,0);(191,2);(204,4);(216,8);(
228,12);(240,17);(251,22);(262,29);(271,36);(281,44);(289,52);(297,61);(304,71);
(310,81);(316,92);(320,103);(324,114);(327,126);(328,138);(329,150)}}
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}

}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}
7;32768}}
}}
7;32768}}
}}

}}
}
}}
}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
\ul0\strike0 2\f2\fs14\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u960?\f0\fs14\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 f\f0\fs14\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /f\par}}}\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn9070\pghsx
n13606\sected\cols2\colno1\colw6910\colsr10\colno2\colw2140\pard\plain\sl-200\pa
r\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-332\par\pard\plain\l
i912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 20\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pa
rd\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-276\par\pard\plain\li0\s
l-279\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 CHAPTER\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 2\par\s
ect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-240
\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\par\pard\plain\
sl-224\par\pard\plain\li3283\sl-279\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sq(\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 0\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8804?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\u
l0\strike0 <\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u960?\par\pard\plain\li3940\sl-313\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u960?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\
strike0 \u8804?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 <
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u960?\par\pard\p
lain\li3283\sl-277\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sq(\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 x\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sq(\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u960?\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\par\pard\plain\sl-286\par\pard\plain\li1227\sl-192\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 direct\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 implementation\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.2)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 above\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rather\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 di\u64259?cult\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 due\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
ime-\par\pard\plain\li911\sl-297\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 varying\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 term\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0
\strike0 \u960?kf\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /f
\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 s\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i

0\ul0\strike0 However,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.2)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 can\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
written\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 following\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 form\par\p
ard\plain\li3509\sl-374\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\stri
ke0 \u8722?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols5\colno1
\colw2450\colsr10\colno2\colw1030\colsr10\colno3\colw290\colsr10\colno4\colw3910
\colsr10\colno5\colw1340\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\
sl-319\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\par\pard\
plain\li0\sl-257\column\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 v\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sq\par\pard\column\plain\s
l-329\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-186\f0\fs14\charscalex38\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\f0\f
s14\charscalex38\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =0\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-301\column\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \{\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\
strike0 \u960?kf\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /f\
f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 s\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
\ul0\strike0 y\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \}\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sq[\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
q\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 )]\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-369\par\pard\plain\li7
4\sl-186\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\
fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-263\column\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 (2.4)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols5\colno1\colw3170\colsr10\colno2\c
olw670\colsr10\colno3\colw290\colsr10\colno4\colw3550\colsr10\colno5\colw1340\pa
rd\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-221\par\pard\plain\li122
8\sl-192\f0\fs20\charscalex97\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 It\f0\fs20\charscalex97\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f0\fs20\charscalex97\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\fs20\ch
arscalex97\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shown\f0\fs20\charscalex97\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 that\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-257\column\f0\fs20\charscalex88\cf0\b0\i\ul0\stri
ke0 q\f0\fs20\charscalex88\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\charscalex88\cf0\b0\i
\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\charscalex88\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\charscalex88
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\par\pard\column\plain\sl-329\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-186
\f0\fs14\charscalex38\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\f0\fs14\charscalex38\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 =0\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-301\column\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \{\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u960?kf\f0\fs14\cf0\b0
\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 s\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 y\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \}\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-263\column\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 (2.5)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw7710\colsr10\colno
2\colw1340\pard\plain\sl-224\par\pard\plain\li2709\sl-287\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 q\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\st
rike0 q\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \
u960?f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /f\f0\fs14\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 s\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strik
e0 G\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 y\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
\u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1)\par\pard\column\plain\sl-280\par\pard
\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.6)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\co
ls1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-243\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.3\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 shows\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
algorithmic\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 b
lock\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 diagram\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 based
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.3).\par\par

d\plain\sl-367\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Lead-La
g\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\par\pard\plain\sl-206\par\pard\plain\li912
\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 type\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 been\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 developed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 work\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [30,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 31]\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 extended\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [
32]\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 include\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 second-order\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sequential\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 memory.\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 LL-DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
characterized\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 binary\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 output\
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detector\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 indicates\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 whether\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 waveform\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 leads\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 or\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lags\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 Due\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 thi
s\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 quantization\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\
par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 often\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 named\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 \u8220?binary\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 quantized\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 DPLL\u8221?.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sinusoidal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 signal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 should\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 be\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 converted\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 square\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wave\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 comp
arator.\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 On\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 occurrence\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 DCO\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulse,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ei
ther\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?lead\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 or\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?lag\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 terminal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 the\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detector\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 will\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 give\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 pulse\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 depending\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 state\
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 being\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \
u8220?high\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 or\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 \u8220?low\u8221?,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 respectively,\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shown\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
2.4.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 These\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulses
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 applied\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 special\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
ype\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lters\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 known\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?sequentia
l\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter.\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sequential\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
\u64257?lter\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 deals\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?lead\u8221?\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?lag\u8221?
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulses\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 statistica
lly;\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 observes\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 them\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 for\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
variable\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 duration\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 time\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 gives\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 decision\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 when\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reliable\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 limit\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reac
hed.\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.4\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shows\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 sequential\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 composed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 up-down\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 whose\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 length\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 N\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 .\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 A\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
pulse\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?lead\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ter
minal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 causes\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 content\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\par\pard
\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 counter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in
crease\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1,\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 while\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?lag\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulse\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 behaves\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 conversely.\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 When\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 content\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reaches\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 N\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 or\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 zero,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
corresponding\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?Retard\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 (or:\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
\u8220?Advance\u8221?)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 output\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 gives\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
pulse\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reset
s\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i\ul0\strike0 N\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 triggers\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 the\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 controller.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 A\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?Retard\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulse\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 causes\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\

cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 controller\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 delete\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 one\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulse\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn
9070\pghsxn13606\sected\cols3\colno1\colw5770\colsr10\colno2\colw2150\colsr10\co
lno3\colw1120\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\
pard\plain\sl-280\par\pard\plain\li915\sl-279\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 DIGIT
AL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 PHASE\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 LOCK\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 LOOPS\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200
n\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-386\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-158\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Sequential\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Loop\
f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Filter\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\
par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-336\par\pard\plain
\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 21\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols6\colno
1\colw2250\colsr10\colno2\colw870\colsr10\colno3\colw450\colsr10\colno4\colw850\
colsr10\colno5\colw1190\colsr10\colno6\colw3400\pard\plain\li1136\sl-250\f0\fs16
\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Sinusoidal\par\pard\plain\li1136\sl-308\f0\f
s16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Input\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 Signal\par\pard\column\plain\sl-322\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-109\f0\fs12\c
harscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-289\f0\fs12\charscalex
91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -\par\pard\column\plain\sl-265\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-15
8\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\par\pard\column\plain\sl-343\par\
pard\plain\li72\sl-158\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Phase\par\pard
\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Detector\par\pard\c
olumn\plain\sl-246\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-158\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 d\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-250\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 c
\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\column\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2N
+1\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Up-Down\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Counter)\par\pard\plain\li29\sl-289\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Up\par\pard\plain\li29\sl-250\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 Down\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols4\colno1\colw5850\colsr10\colno2\col
w1110\colsr10\colno3\colw250\colsr10\colno4\colw1820\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\
plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-321\par\pard\plain\li5642\s
l-158\f0\fs16\charscalex20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-173\col
umn\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 0\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-173\colum
n\f0\fs16\charscalex23\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2N\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par
\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-302\par\pard\plain\li
0\sl-158\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 f\par\sect\sected\sbknone\co
ls6\colno1\colw3410\colsr10\colno2\colw1030\colsr10\colno3\colw890\colsr10\colno
4\colw510\colsr10\colno5\colw1650\colsr10\colno6\colw1520\pard\plain\li1475\sl-2
89\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Output\par\pard\plain\li1475\sl-15
4\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Signal\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-308\co
lumn\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 b\par\pard\plain\li145\sl-242\co
lumn\f0\fs12\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\par\pard\plain\li145\sl-96\f0\
fs12\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-182\f0\fs16\char
scalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Counter\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\pla
in\sl-220\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-158\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 g
\par\pard\column\plain\sl-246\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-158\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Phase\f0\fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Controller\
par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-297\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-158\f0\
fs16\charscalex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Clock\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\coln
o1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pa
rd\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-20
0\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-220\par\pard\pla
in\li1249\sl-177\f0\fs18\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\par\pard\plain\sl239\par\pard\plain\li1244\sl-177\f0\fs18\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 b\pa
r\pard\plain\sl-219\par\pard\plain\li1249\sl-177\f0\fs18\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 c\par\pard\plain\sl-219\par\pard\plain\li1244\sl-177\f0\fs18\charsca
lex89\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 d\par\pard\plain\sl-219\par\pard\plain\li1249\sl-177
\f0\fs18\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e\par\pard\plain\sl-219\par\pard\pla
in\li1259\sl-177\f0\fs18\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 f\par\pard\plain\sl219\par\pard\plain\li1244\sl-177\f0\fs18\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 g\pa
r\pard\plain\sl-293\par\pard\plain\li1979\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 F
igure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.4:\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\
fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lead-lag\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associated\f0\fs18\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 waveforms.\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par
\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-385\par\pard\plain\li
915\sl-193\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 from\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 clock\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulse\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 train\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 applied\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
divide-by-\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 L\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counte
r,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 forcing\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par
\pard\plain\li915\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
retard\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u960?/L\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 where\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 L\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 number
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 quantization\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 levels\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\par\pard\
plain\li915\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 period\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u960?\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 An\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?Advance\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulse\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 does\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 contrary.\par\pard\plain\li1231\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
When\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?lead\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?lag\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 pulses\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 equally\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 probable,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 case\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 indicates\par\pard\plain\li915\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 locking,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 counter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cycle\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 has\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 maximum\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
duration.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Other\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
ypes\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sequential
\par\pard\plain\li915\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lters\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 exist\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 like\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 N\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 -before-\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u642
57?lter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [12]\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 variable\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reset\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 random\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 walk\par\pard\plain\li915\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 \u64257?lter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [32].
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;21;(0,0);(12,11);(23,21);(34,32);(44,44);(54,55);(64,

67);(73,79);(82,91);(90,104);(97,116);(104,129);(111,142);(117,155);(123,168);(1
28,182);(132,195);(136,209);(140,223);(143,237);(145,251)}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;21;(121,0);(110,11);(99,21);(89,32);(79,44);(70,55);(
61,67);(53,79);(46,91);(39,104);(32,117);(27,129);(21,142);(17,155);(12,169);(9,
182);(6,195);(3,209);(2,223);(1,236);(0,250)}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}

30);(41,26);(48,22);(56,19);(63,16);(70,13);(78,10);(86,8);(94,6);(102,4);(110,3
);(118,1);(127,1);(135,0);(144,0)}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;21;(0,0);(7,0);(14,0);(21,1);(27,2);(34,3);(41,4);(47
,5);(54,7);(60,8);(66,10);(73,12);(79,15);(85,17);(91,20);(96,23);(102,26);(107,
29);(113,32);(118,36);(123,40)}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
}}

(303,174);(298,183);(292,192);(285,200);(277,207);(269,214);(260,221);(251,227);
(241,232);(230,237);(219,241);(208,245);(196,247);(183,249);(171,251);(158,251);
(158,251);(145,251);(132,249);(120,247);(108,245);(96,241);(85,237);(75,232);(65
,227);(55,221);(46,214);(38,207);(30,200);(24,192);(18,183);(12,174);(8,165);(5,
156);(2,146);(1,136);(0,126);(0,126);(1,115);(2,105);(5,95);(8,86);(12,77);(18,6
8);(24,59);(30,51);(38,44);(46,37);(55,30);(65,24);(75,19);(85,14);(96,10);(108,
6);(120,4);(132,2);(145,0);(158,0);(158,0);(171,0);(183,2);(196,4);(208,6);(219,
10);(230,14);(241,19);(251,24);(260,30);(269,37);(277,44);(285,51);(292,59);(298
,68);(303,77);(307,86);(311,95);(313,105);(315,115);(315,126)}}
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;4
5824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
}}

}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}
}}

}
}}
7;32768}}
}}
7;32768}}

}}
}}
}
}}
}

}}
}}
}
}}

}
}}
7;32768}}
}}
}}

}}
}
}}
}

}}
}}
}
}}
}

}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
7;32768}}
}}
}}

}
}}
}
}}
}}
}
}}
}
}}

}}
}
}}
}
}}

}}
}
}}
}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
geoBottom}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(601,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
geoRight}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,198);(0,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
geoRight}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,198);(0,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(30,0);(0,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn txflTextFlow}{\sv 2}}
{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\shptxt\pard\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs16\charscal
ex0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Advance\par}}}
ex0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Reset\par}}}
ex0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs16\charscalex0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 N\par}}}
ex0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Retard\par}}}

ex91\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 L\par}}}\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn9070\pghsxn13606\se
cted\cols2\colno1\colw6910\colsr10\colno2\colw2140\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\pl
ain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-337\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-1
92\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 22\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\
sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-281\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-279\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 CHAPTER\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 2\par\sect\secte
d\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-240\par\pard
\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Exclusive-OR\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 DPLL\par\pard\plain\sl-206\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Greer\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 utilized\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 exclusive-OR\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 gate\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 as\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detector\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [17].\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 He\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 a\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -counter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 an\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 increment-decrement\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 (I/D)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 with\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 divide-by-N\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 2.5\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shows\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 block\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 diagr
am\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard
\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Exclusive-OR\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 DPLL.\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-297\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T
he\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detector\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (PED)\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 compares\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 signal,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 in\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 with\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 loop\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 output,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\
cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 out\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 gives\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
an\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 d\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 de\u64257?ned\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 follows\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw7710\colsr10\co
lno2\colw1340\pard\plain\sl-298\par\pard\plain\li4024\sl-231\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul
0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 d\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 e\par\pard\column\plain\sl-299
\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.7)\par\sect\sected\s
bknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-242\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-286\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\
ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
he\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 gain\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20

\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PED\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\stri
ke0 e\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\f
s14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 out\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 .\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 output
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 PED\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 can\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 also\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 expressed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 follows\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw7710\col
sr10\colno2\colw1340\pard\plain\sl-280\par\pard\plain\li3171\sl-286\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 d\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (%\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 H\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 %\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
\ul0\strike0 L\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 100(cycles)\par\pard\column\plain\sl-336\par\pard\pl
ain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.8)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1
\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-298\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-193\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 where\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 %\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
H\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 %\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 L\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 represent\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 percentage\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?high\u8221?\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?low\u8221?\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 logic\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 levels,\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 respec-\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-297\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 tively,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 during\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 one\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cycle.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Hence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 d\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cycles)\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 varies\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 between\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 +1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 -1.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 When\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-260\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 e\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 4\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cycle\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u960?/\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rad)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the
n\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 %\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 H\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 %\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
L\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shown\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 2.5-b,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hence\par\pard\plain\li91
2\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 d\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 0\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\u
l0\strike0 \u8801?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 \u960?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (mod\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u960?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 cycle,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 therefore\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
K\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 4\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-222
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 output\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detector\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 controls\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 operation\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -counter\par\
pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 consists\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri

ke0 two\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 divide-by-\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
K\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counters,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 up-counter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 down-counter,\par\pard
\plain\li912\sl-297\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 both\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 triggered\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 clock\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rate\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\u
l0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0
\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 center\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 frequ
ency\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 an\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 integer.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Th
e\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 output\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?C\
u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 connected\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 increment\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 inp
ut\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (INR)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 I/D\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 counter,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 generates\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulse\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 when\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -counter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ends\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 an\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 \u8220?up\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cycle,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 while\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 \u8220?borrow\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 output\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 B\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 connected\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 decrement\pa
r\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 (DCR)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 generates\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulse\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 end\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 \u8220?down\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cycle.\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 A\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulse\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 applied\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?INR\u822
1?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 adds\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1/2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cycle\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 I/D\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 output,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
while\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulse\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?DCR\u8221?\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 deletes\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 1/2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cycle.\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-298
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 I/D\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 clock\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 runs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 frequency\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 N\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 N\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u

l0\strike0 modulus\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 divide-by-\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 N\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 follows\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 I/D\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 counter.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 I
/D\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\par\
pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 merely\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 divide-by-\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 if
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 no\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?INR\u82
21?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 or\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?DCR\
u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulses\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 applied,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hence\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 its\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 output\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 frequency\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 can\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 gi
ven\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\par\pard\plain\sl-264\par\pard\plain\li279
8\sl-231\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 F\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 N\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\st
rike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2[\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 K\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\f
s14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 e\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /K\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ]\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (Hz)\par\sect\sected\sb
knone\cols2\colno1\colw7710\colsr10\colno2\colw1340\pard\plain\li3143\sl-313\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 N\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul
0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0
\i\ul0\strike0 e\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\
f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /K\par\pard\plain\li
0\sl-276\column\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.9)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols
1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-227\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 factor\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 1/2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 above\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
came\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 from\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fact\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 I/D\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 counter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 adds\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 or\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 deletes\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 half\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 cycle\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 when\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 \u8220?INR\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 or\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 \u8220?DCR\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulses\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 are\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 applied,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 respectively.\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 output\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 fre
quency\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 expressed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\par\sect\
sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw7590\colsr10\colno2\colw1460\pard\plain\sl-264\p
ar\pard\plain\li3019\sl-231\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\
strike0 out\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\
fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 e
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i
\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 KN\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 (Hz)\par\pard\column\plain\sl-264\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.10)\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn9070\pghsxn13606\sected\
cols2\colno1\colw7930\colsr10\colno2\colw1120\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\s
l-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-279\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 DIGITAL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 PHASE\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 LOCK\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 LOOPS\par\pard\column\pl
\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 23\par\sect\sected\sbknone\
cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-383\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-286\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Since\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\u
l0\strike0 d\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 varies\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
between\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 e\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 varies\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be
tween\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +1/4\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 /4\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cycles,\par\pard\plain\li912\
sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lock\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 range\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 derived\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 follows\par\sect\sected\sbknone
\cols2\colno1\colw4430\colsr10\colno2\colw4620\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\
sl-342\par\pard\plain\li3747\sl-186\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u916?\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\par\pard\plain\li4102\sl-314\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 =\par\pard\plain\li4102\sl-313\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\par\pard\col
umn\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-285\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-286\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i\ul0\strike0 |\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 in\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0
\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 |\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
max\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-313\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 |\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\u
l0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 out\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u87
22?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i\ul0\strike0 |\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 max\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-313\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul
0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 KN\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\par\sect\sected\sbk
none\cols3\colno1\colw4430\colsr10\colno2\colw3150\colsr10\colno3\colw1460\pard\
plain\li2991\sl-269\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lock\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 range\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-313\column\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\u916?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i\ul0\strike0 KN\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-276\co
lumn\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.11)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\c
olw9060\pard\plain\sl-244\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 There\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 exists\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 between\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 output\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 signals\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 even\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
at\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-297\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locking,\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i.e.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 when\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\
ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 out\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 given\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [17]\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw7590
\colsr10\colno2\colw1460\pard\plain\li3268\sl-475\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \
u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 e\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 KN\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\str

ike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\
strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\par\pard\plain\sl-244\par\pard\plain\l
i1228\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
2.5-d\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 clari\u64257?es\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 this\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 relationship.\par\pard\column\plain\sl244\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.12)\sect\sectd\sb
kpage\pgwsxn9070\pghsxn13606\sected\cols4\colno1\colw4110\colsr10\colno2\colw250
\colsr10\colno3\colw2530\colsr10\colno4\colw2140\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plai
n\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-326\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 24\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl
plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-251\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-2
05\f0\fs14\charscalex51\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\charscalex51\cf0\b0\i\ul0
\strike0 1\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\p
lain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-251\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-222\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0
\strike0 =\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs
14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par
\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-270\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-279\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i\ul0\strike0 CHAPTER\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 2\par\sect\sected\sbknone\
cols5\colno1\colw3170\colsr10\colno2\colw550\colsr10\colno3\colw250\colsr10\coln
o4\colw930\colsr10\colno5\colw4120\pard\plain\li1475\sl-333\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0
\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 in\par\pard\plain\li1351\sl-263\f2\fs14
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 in\f2\fs14\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 )\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-315\column\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Vd
\par\pard\plain\li142\sl-311\column\f0\fs14\charscalex-144\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
-\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-88\f0\fs14\charscalex21\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 D/U\par\p
ard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-132\f0\fs14\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 K-Counter\par\pard\column\plain\sl-267\par\pard\plain\li0\
sl-110\f0\fs12\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 C\par\pard\plain\li25\sl-280\f0\fs12\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 B\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols9\colno1\colw2230\colsr10\colno2\c
olw70\colsr10\colno3\colw870\colsr10\colno4\colw370\colsr10\colno5\colw1270\cols
r10\colno6\colw510\colsr10\colno7\colw1450\colsr10\colno8\colw150\colsr10\colno9
\colw2060\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-286\par\pard\plain\li1475\sl-223\f
0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 out\par\pard\plain\l
i1340\sl-245\f2\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
out\f2\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\
\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pa
rd\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-339\par\pard\plain\li149
5\sl-157\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (b)\par\pard\column\plain\s
l-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard
rd\plain\li0\sl-181\f0\fs16\charscalex-218\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\par\pard\plain
\sl-367\par\pard\plain\li29\sl-181\f0\fs16\charscalex-278\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f
\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pa
rd\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-20
0\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\pla
in\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\
pard\plain\sl-320\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-181\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 in\par\pard\plain\sl-367\par\pard\plain\li29\sl-181\f0\fs16\charscalex119
\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 out\par\pard\plain\sl-217\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-231\f0\fs1
6\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Vd\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\pl
ain\sl-321\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-132\f0\fs14\charscalex65\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
MSB\par\pard\plain\li230\sl-187\f0\fs12\charscalex-231\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\p
ar\pard\plain\li230\sl-87\f0\fs12\charscalex-231\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\par\par
d\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-384\par\pard\plain
\li0\sl-132\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 N\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Count
er\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-332\par\pard\plain\li485\sl-132\f0\fs
14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [a]\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-338\
par\pard\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 F\par\pard\column\plain\s
l-200\par\pard\plain\sl-303\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-132\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 DCR\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
INR\par\pard\plain\li153\sl-157\f0\
fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 I/D\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Counter\par\pard\p
lain\li51\sl-157\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (divide-by-2)\par\pard\plain\sl-2
\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-317\par\pard\plain\li624\sl-253\f0\fs16\cf1
\b0\i\ul0\strike0 fin\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strik
e0 f\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\par\pard\plain\li644\sl-429\f2\fs16\charsc
alex117\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs16\charscalex117\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0
e\f0\fs16\charscalex117\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs16\charscalex117\cf1\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 1/4\par\pard\plain\li656\sl-399\f2\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 d\f0\fs16\charscalex
119\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\par\
pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\pl
ain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-257\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-152
\f0\fs14\charscalex-75\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\p
00\par\pard\plain\sl-257\par\pard\plain\li91\sl-209\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
=\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 N\f0\fs14\cf0\b
0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard
par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-356\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-227\f0\fs16\cf
1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 +\f2\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u916?\par\sect\sected\sbkno
ne\cols2\colno1\colw6110\colsr10\colno2\colw2940\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plai
n\sl-292\par\pard\plain\li2301\sl-256\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0
fin\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-257\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-29
2\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 in\
f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs16\charscal
ex119\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 +\f2\fs16\cf1\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 \u916?\f0\fs16\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /2\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols
4\colno1\colw2250\colsr10\colno2\colw3850\colsr10\colno3\colw110\colsr10\colno4\
colw2820\pard\plain\li1555\sl-324\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (c
)\par\pard\column\plain\sl-242\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-256\f0\fs16\charscalex119\c
f1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 out\par\pard\p
lain\li0\sl-349\column\f2\fs16\charscalex-95\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u966?\par\pa
rd\column\plain\sl-217\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-231\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i\
ul0\strike0 e\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs16\charscalex1
19\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1/8\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw6130\cols
r10\colno2\colw2920\pard\plain\sl-217\par\pard\plain\li2361\sl-231\f0\fs16\chars
calex119\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Vd\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-399\column\f2\fs16\charsc
alex119\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0
d\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 1/2\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw2350\colsr10\colno2\
colw6700\pard\plain\li1646\sl-424\f2\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u
966?\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 e\par\pard\plain\li1466\sl-150\
f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (cycles)\par\pard\column\plain\sl-31
7\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-157\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1/4\par\
sect\sected\sbknone\cols7\colno1\colw2970\colsr10\colno2\colw1030\colsr10\colno3
\colw50\colsr10\colno4\colw670\colsr10\colno5\colw710\colsr10\colno6\colw50\cols
r10\colno7\colw3520\pard\plain\sl-392\par\pard\plain\li1526\sl-157\f0\fs16\chars
calex119\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (d)\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\s
l-292\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-181\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\par
\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-217\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-181\f0\fs1
6\charscalex-278\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\pl
ain\sl-317\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-181\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0
o\par\pard\column\plain\sl-322\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-327\f0\fs16\charscalex119\c
f1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 fo+\f2\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u916?\par\
pard\column\plain\sl-242\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-181\f0\fs16\charscalex-278\cf1\b0
\i\ul0\strike0 f\par\pard\column\plain\sl-342\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-181\f0\fs16\
charscalex119\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 in\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9
060\pard\plain\li2212\sl-224\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -1/4\pa
r\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-254\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.5:\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Exclusive-OR\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 associated\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 waveforms.\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 (a)\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Block\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
diagram.\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-294\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (b)\f0\fs18\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Waveforms\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f0\fs18\cf0\b
0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
=\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs18\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u916?\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 .\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (c)\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Wave
forms\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\
cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\st
rike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs18
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u916?\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (d)
\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Transfer\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-221\f0\fs18\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 function\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 lock.
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;21;(0,0);(5,6);(10,11);(14,17);(19,23);(23,29);(26,34
);(30,40);(33,47);(36,53);(39,59);(41,65);(44,71);(46,78);(47,84);(49,90);(50,97
);(51,103);(52,110);(52,116);(52,123)}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
39);(46,45);(44,51);(41,58);(39,64);(36,70);(33,76);(30,82);(26,88);(23,94);(19,
100);(14,106);(10,112);(5,117);(0,123)}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
}}

{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;21;(0,0);(5,6);(10,11);(14,17);(19,23);(23,29);(26,34
);(30,40);(33,47);(36,53);(39,59);(41,65);(44,71);(46,78);(47,84);(49,90);(50,97
);(51,103);(52,110);(52,116);(52,123)}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
39);(46,45);(44,51);(41,58);(39,64);(36,70);(33,76);(30,82);(26,88);(23,94);(19,
100);(14,106);(10,112);(5,117);(0,123)}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
}}
27);(146,33);(166,39);(186,46);(205,53);(225,60);(244,68);(262,76);(281,84);(299
,93);(316,102);(334,111);(351,120);(368,130);(384,141)}}

824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;21;(0,123);(23,121);(45,118);(67,115);(90,112);(112,1
08);(133,104);(155,99);(176,94);(197,88);(218,82);(239,76);(259,69);(279,62);(29
9,54);(318,46);(337,38);(356,29);(374,20);(392,10);(409,0)}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}
}}

}
}}
}}
7;32768}}
}}
7;32768}}
}}
7;32768}}
}}

}}
}
}}
}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}
}
}}
}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
relTop}{\sv 2191}}
fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoBottom}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(1227,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}

}
}}
}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(307,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}

}}
}
}}
}}
}

}}
}
}}
}}

}}
}
}}
}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(597,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,250);(0,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,250);(0,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(597,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,250);(0,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,250);(0,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 597}}
geoBottom}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(597,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,250);(0,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

ex89\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 2\par}}}
ex119\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 -\f2\fs
16\charscalex119\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u916?\par}}}\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn9
070\pghsxn13606\sected\cols2\colno1\colw7910\colsr10\colno2\colw1140\pard\plain\
sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-274\par\par
d\plain\li903\sl-279\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 DIGITAL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 PHASE\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 LOCK\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 L
OOPS\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\pa
r\pard\plain\sl-331\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 25\p
ar\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl
-240\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Zero-Crossing\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\par\pard\plain\sl-278\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-1
92\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 type\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 accepts\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sinusoidal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 signals\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 samples\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
at\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 or\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 near\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 zero\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 crossings,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 name\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 zer
o-crossing\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (Z
C-DPLL).\par\pard\plain\li1219\sl-297\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 There\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 two\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 variations\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 ZC-DPLLs.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 \u64257?rst,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 named\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 ZC\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sam-\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 ples\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 only\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 positive-going\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 zero\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 crossings,\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 while\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 other\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 type,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 ZC\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \
u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\par\p

ard\plain\li903\sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 samples\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 both\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
positive\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 neg
ative-going\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 zero\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 c
rossings.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64
257?rst\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 type\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 most\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 important\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 type\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DP
LLs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 since\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 simplest\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 implement,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 easiest\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 model,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 its\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 operation\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 performance\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 are\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 indicative\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 g
eneral\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be-\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-297\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 havior\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 any\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 [12].\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Although\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
ZC\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locks\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 faster,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 has\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 additional\par\pard\plain\li903\sl260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 design\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 complica
tions\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 over\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ZC\f0\f
s14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [12,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 111],\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 latter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 domi
nated.\par\pard\plain\li1219\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ZC\f0\fs14\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
been\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 proposed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u6
4257?rst\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [33]\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 developed\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 later\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 discussed\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [34]\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [35].\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ZC\f0\fs14\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
been\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 developed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 b
y\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 work\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [36,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 37,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 38,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 39,\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 40,\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 41,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 42].\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 systematic\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 statistical\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 analysis\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ZC\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 provided\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [43]\par\pard\plain\li903\
sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 presents\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 numerical\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 solution\f0\fs20\c

f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 Chapman-Kolmogorov\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 equation.\par\pard\
plain\li903\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Other\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 studies\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
his\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 also\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 been\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 presented\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 literature\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [44,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 45,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 46,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
47,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 48,\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 49,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 50,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 51].\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 19
82\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 new\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 classi\u64257?cation\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 was\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 imposed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 advent\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-2
97\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tanlock\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 loop\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (DTL)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 [13].\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ZC\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ZC\f0\fs14\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 were\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-222\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 given\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 name\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?sinusoidal\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ZC-DPLL\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 or\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 simply\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?sinusoidal
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [13],
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 based\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-297\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detection\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 technique.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DTL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 new\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 type\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 ZC\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8
722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 s\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\par\pard\plain\l
i903\sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 distinguished\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detection\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 mechanism\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
signi\u64257?cant\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 advantages\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 over\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 other\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-26
0\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 types\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Many\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 e\u64256?orts\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 been\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 made\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 improve\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 characteristics\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-25
9\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DTL\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 its\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 application\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 communication\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 systems\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 [52,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 53,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 59].\par\pard\plain\li1219\sl-297\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 A\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 brief\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 description\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 sinusoidal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ZC\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\

f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DTL\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 given\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 below.\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl
-235\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-286\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Sinusoidal\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 ZC\f0\fs14\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-471\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.6\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shows\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 block\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 diagram\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sinusoidal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 ZC\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 asso-\par\pard\plain\li
903\sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ciated\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 w
aveforms.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Here\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 function\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detection\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 merged\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 with\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 of\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 non-uniform
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sampling\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 since\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 instant\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sampling\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 determines\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error\par\pard\plain\li903\sl
-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [38,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 50].\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 main\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 parts\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 this\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
are\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 explained\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 bel
ow.\par\pard\plain\sl-327\par\pard\plain\li903\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul\strike
0 The N-bit Digital Filter\par\pard\plain\sl-327\par\pard\plain\li1219\sl-192\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 modi\u64257?es\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 analog-to-digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 co
nverter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (ADC)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 samp
les,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\par
\pard\plain\li903\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 applied\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 DCO,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 such\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 way\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 leads\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
error\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 reach\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 constant\par\pard
\plain\li903\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 value\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 l
ocking\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 occurs.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?l
ter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 consists\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 proportional\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\par
\pard\plain\li903\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 accumulation\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 paths.\par\pard\plain\li1219\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 represents\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 its\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 di\u64256?erence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 equa-\par\pard\plain
\li903\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tion,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
hence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\f0\fs1
4\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 th\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -order\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 described\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 z\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -domain\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\sect\sectd\sbkpa
ge\pgwsxn9070\pghsxn13606\sected\cols3\colno1\colw3190\colsr10\colno2\colw3710\c
olsr10\colno3\colw2140\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl
-200\par\pard\plain\sl-319\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 26\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200
n\sl-360\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs16\charscalex105\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 S
ampler\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\
par\pard\plain\sl-262\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-279\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 CHA
PTER\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 2\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols5\colno1\colw32
90\colsr10\colno2\colw1230\colsr10\colno3\colw1250\colsr10\colno4\colw1310\colsr
10\colno5\colw1940\pard\plain\sl-258\par\pard\plain\li1466\sl-152\f0\fs16\charsc
alex105\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Sinusoidal\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\p
lain\sl-228\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs16\charscalex105\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 ADC\par\pard\column\plain\sl-210\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-176\f0\fs16\charscalex1
05\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x(k)\par\pard\column\plain\sl-307\par\pard\plain\li0\sl152\f0\fs16\charscalex105\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 N-bit\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-362\
column\f0\fs16\charscalex105\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 y(k)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\c
ols4\colno1\colw3010\colsr10\colno2\colw1530\colsr10\colno3\colw1010\colsr10\col
no4\colw3480\pard\plain\li1492\sl-193\f0\fs16\charscalex105\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 Input\f0\fs16\charscalex105\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Signal\par\pard\plain\sl-23
4\par\pard\plain\li1721\sl-176\f0\fs16\charscalex105\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x(t)\p
ar\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard
\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-377\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-176\f0\fs16\charscalex
105\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 v(t)\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200
n\sl-249\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-152\f0\fs16\charscalex105\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 D
CO\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-169\column\f0\fs16\charscalex105\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Digital\f0\fs16\charscalex105\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Filter\par\sect\sected\sbkn
one\cols8\colno1\colw1730\colsr10\colno2\colw1230\colsr10\colno3\colw1250\colsr1
0\colno4\colw290\colsr10\colno5\colw810\colsr10\colno6\colw1010\colsr10\colno7\c
olw670\colsr10\colno8\colw2000\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\
ar\pard\plain\sl-263\par\pard\plain\li1421\sl-140\f1\fs14\charscalex69\cf1\b0\i\
ul0\strike0 x(t)\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-397\par\pard\plain\li14
21\sl-140\f1\fs14\charscalex62\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x(k)\par\pard\column\plain\s
l-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard
\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-209\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-135\f1\fs14\cf1\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 t(0)\par\pard\plain\li151\sl-216\f2\fs14\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u176
?\f2\fs14\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8592?\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\p
lain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\pa
r\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-212\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-135\f1\fs14\cf1\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T(1)\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plai
n\sl-252\par\pard\plain\li113\sl-140\f1\fs14\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x(0)\par\pard\
column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\s
l-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-209\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-135\f1\f
s14\charscalex53\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t(1)\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\par
\par\pard\plain\sl-321\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-191\f2\fs14\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \
u176?\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\p
ar\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\
sl-212\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-135\f1\fs14\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 T(2)\par\pard\pla
in\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-252\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-140\
f1\fs14\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x(1)\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl
plain\sl-209\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-135\f1\fs14\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t(2)\par\pa
rd\plain\li0\sl-217\f2\fs14\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8594?\f2\fs14\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 \u176?\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plai
n\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\p
00\par\pard\plain\sl-201\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-140\f1\fs14\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0
x(2)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\pl
ain\sl-305\par\pard\plain\li1421\sl-140\f1\fs14\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 v(t)\par\pa
rd\plain\sl-288\par\pard\plain\li4242\sl-135\f1\fs14\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 time\
par\pard\plain\sl-255\par\pard\plain\li1580\sl-266\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Figure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.6:\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f
0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Sinusoidal\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ZC\f0\fs
14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 associated\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 waveforms.\par\pard\plain\sl-2
ain\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 following\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 transfer\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 function\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 [39]\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols3\colno1\colw3770\colsr10\colno2\colw38
10\colsr10\colno3\colw1460\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-233\par\pard\plai
n\li2906\sl-187\f0\fs20\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 D\f0\fs20\charscalex89
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 z\f0\fs20\cha
rscalex89\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\
f0\fs20\charscalex89\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u954?\par\pard\column\plain\sl-287\p
ar\pard\plain\li22\sl-231\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul\str
ike0 z\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul\strike0 c\f0\fs14\cf
0\b0\i0\ul\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul\strike0 )(\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul\strike0
z\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul\strike0 c\f0\fs14\cf0\b0
\i0\ul\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul\strike0 ...\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul\strike0 z\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul\strike0 c\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul\strike0 n\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul\strike0 )\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-293\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
(\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 z\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i\ul0\strike0 p\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
)(\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 z\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i\ul0\strike0 p\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 ...\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i\ul0\strike0 z\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 p\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\par\pard\col
umn\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-234\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 (2.13)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\s
l-237\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Since\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 present\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 value\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e
rror\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 depends\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 previous\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 value,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain
\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 loop\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 equals\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 \u64257?lter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 plus\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 one.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Hence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?rst-\p
ar\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 order\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 loop\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s

trike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 just\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 proportional\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 path,
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 while\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 second-order\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 loop\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 utilizes\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?rst-order\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 with\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 following\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 transfer\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 function\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw7590\colsr10\colno2\co
lw1460\pard\plain\sl-314\par\pard\plain\li3339\sl-231\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strik
e0 D\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 z\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 \u954?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 z\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 c\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 z\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 p\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\par\pard\column\plain\sl-315\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.14)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw90
60\pard\plain\sl-221\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-286\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
For\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 second-ord
er\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sinusoidal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ZC\f
0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 lock\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
zero\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error,\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 p\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\par\pard\plain\l
i912\sl-252\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 must\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 eq
ual\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [39],\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hence\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.14)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 may\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 be\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 written\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 more\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 convenient\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 form\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-229\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 follows
}}

}
}}
}
}}
7;32768}}

}}
7;32768}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
7;32768}}

}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
lineColor}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}
}}
}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
relLeft}{\sv 1973}}
relTop}{\sv 6708}}
fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 57}}
geoBottom}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(57,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
geoRight}{\sv 56}}
geoBottom}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(56,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
relTop}{\sv 5233}}
fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 113}}
geoBottom}{\sv 4}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(113,4)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(113,6)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;21;(0,0);(54,8);(108,19);(160,33);(212,50);(263,68);(
313,89);(363,111);(412,134);(461,157);(510,181);(559,205);(608,228);(658,251);(7
08,273);(758,293);(809,312);(860,328);(913,342);(966,352);(1021,360)}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;21;(0,368);(61,363);(120,354);(178,341);(235,324);(29
2,305);(348,283);(403,259);(458,234);(512,208);(567,182);(621,155);(676,129);(73
1,104);(786,81);(842,60);(899,41);(956,25);(1015,12);(1074,4);(1135,0)}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}

{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;21;(0,0);(68,1);(134,8);(198,20);(261,36);(323,56);(3
84,79);(445,104);(504,132);(564,160);(623,189);(682,218);(742,246);(802,272);(86
2,297);(923,319);(985,338);(1049,353);(1113,363);(1179,368);(1247,368)}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;21;(0,368);(60,362);(120,353);(178,339);(235,322);(29
1,303);(347,281);(402,257);(457,232);(511,206);(566,179);(620,153);(675,127);(73
0,102);(785,79);(841,58);(898,39);(955,24);(1014,12);(1074,4);(1135,0)}}
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45
824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;32768}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
fFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fFlipV}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
relTop}{\sv 6155}}
fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoBottom}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(2042,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
0\ul0\strike0 \u8594?\f2\fs14\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8592?\par}}}\sect\sectd\s
bkpage\pgwsxn9070\pghsxn13606\sected\cols2\colno1\colw7610\colsr10\colno2\colw14
40\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\
sl-272\par\pard\plain\li914\sl-279\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 DIGITAL\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 PHASE\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 LOCK\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\
ul0\strike0 LOOPS\par\pard\plain\sl-363\par\pard\plain\li3314\sl-307\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 D\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 z\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i\ul0\strike0 G\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 G\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strik
e0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 z\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?
\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\par\pard\plain\
li914\sl-388\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
gives\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 time\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 domain\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 following\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 input-output\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 relation\par\pard\pl
ain\sl-259\par\pard\plain\li5248\sl-148\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\par\pard\
column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\s
l-328\par\pard\plain\li327\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 27\par\pard\plai
n\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-270\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 (2.15)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols3\colno1\colw5530\colsr10\colno2\colw2
070\colsr10\colno3\colw1440\pard\plain\li3128\sl-301\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 y\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\f0\fs20\cf0\b

0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
G\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 G\f0\fs14\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-257\column\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 x\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-263\column\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 (2.16)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\li5155\sl-221\
f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =0\par\pard\plain\s
l-261\par\pard\plain\li984\sl-193\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strik
e0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 y\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\str
ike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 discrete\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 output\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signals,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 respectively.\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-377\par\pard\pla
in\li914\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul\strike0 The Digital Controlled Oscillator (D
CO)\par\pard\plain\sl-271\par\pard\plain\li1230\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 c
ontrolled\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 oscillator\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 consists\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 programmable\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counte
r,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 binary\par\pa
rd\plain\li914\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 subtracter,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 zero\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 detector.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 2.7\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shows\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 block\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 diagram\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 with\par\pard\plain\li914\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as
sociated\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 waveforms.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Subtraction\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 p
erformed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 using\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\u8217?s\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 complemen
ter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\par\pard\plain\li914\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 full\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 adder.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 c
ounter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 content\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 decremented\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 one\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 occurrence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 of\par\pard\plain\li914\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 each\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 clock\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulse.\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 When\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 reaches\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 zero,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 generates\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
pulse\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\p
ard\plain\li914\sl-290\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 output.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 This\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulse\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 used\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 load\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 binary\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 number\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8
722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\par\pard\plain\li914\sl-229\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 where\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 constant\

f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 number\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
number.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 numb
er\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\par\pard\plain\li914\sl-297\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 decides\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 DCO\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 free-running\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 frequency\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 when\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 number\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
zero\par\pard\plain\li914\sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 follows\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw7610\colsr10
\colno2\colw1440\pard\plain\li4052\sl-351\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14
\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\st
rike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 c\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /M\par\pard
\plain\li0\sl-313\column\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.17)\par\sect\sected\sb
knone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\li914\sl-372\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 where\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 c\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 frequency\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 counter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
clock.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 period\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 between\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1)\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 t
h\par\pard\plain\li914\sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
th\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pulses\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 given\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\par\sect\secte
d\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw7610\colsr10\colno2\colw1440\pard\plain\sl-270\par\pa
rd\plain\li3625\sl-286\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 T\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\str
ike0 M\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 T\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\u
l0\strike0 c\par\pard\plain\sl-234\par\pard\plain\li914\sl-231\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 where\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 T\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
c\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i\ul0\strike0 /f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 c\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
.\par\pard\plain\sl-289\par\pard\plain\li914\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul\strike0
The Phase Equation\par\pard\plain\sl-326\par\pard\plain\li1230\sl-193\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 signal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 t\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 assumed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i
n\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 form\par\par
d\plain\sl-216\par\pard\plain\li3092\sl-286\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 x\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 t\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 A\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sin\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \{\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\u
l0\strike0 \u969?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 t\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u952?\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 t\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \}\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strik
e0 t\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\par\pard\column\plain\sl-327\par\pard\plain
\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.18)\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\
ar\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-379\par\pard\plain\
li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.19)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\co
lno1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-235\par\pard\plain\li914\sl-231\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 where\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 A\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 i
s\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 amplitude,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u969?\f0\fs1
4\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u960?f\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u952?\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 t\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 information\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 bearing\par\pa
rd\plain\li914\sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 t\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Gaussian\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 additive\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 noise.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 For\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 frequenc
y\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 step\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u952?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
\ul0\strike0 t\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is
\par\pard\plain\li914\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 given\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 by\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw7610\colsr10\colno2\
colw1440\pard\plain\li3575\sl-297\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u952?\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 t\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u969?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i\ul0\strike0 \u969?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 t\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u952?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-2
60\column\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.20)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\col
no1\colw9060\pard\plain\li914\sl-372\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u952?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 p
hase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 constant\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u969?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 frequency.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Under\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 such\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 condi-\par\pard\plain\li914\sl222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tion\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (nonlinear)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 di\u64256?er
ence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 equations\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rep
resenting\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64
257?rst-order\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 loop\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
(with\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn9070\pghsxn13606\sected\cols4\colno1\colw4030\co
lsr10\colno2\colw1470\colsr10\colno3\colw1390\colsr10\colno4\colw2140\pard\plain
rd\plain\li918\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 28\par\pard\column\plain\sl200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\p
lain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-370\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-16
9\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\p
00\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-370\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-238\f0\fs16
\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 fc\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plai
n\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-273\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-279\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 CHAPTER\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 2\par\sect\sec
ted\sbknone\cols4\colno1\colw3770\colsr10\colno2\colw1310\colsr10\colno3\colw163
0\colsr10\colno4\colw2320\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-281\par\pard\plain
\li2027\sl-146\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\u8217?s\f0\fs16\char
scalex95\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Complementer\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pa
rd\plain\sl-281\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-146\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 Full\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Adder\par\pard\column\plai
n\sl-388\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-146\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Pr
ogrammable\par\pard\plain\li155\sl-232\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 Counter\par\pard\column\plain\sl-364\par\pard\plain\li66\sl-146\f0\fs16\charsc
alex95\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Zero\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-209\f0\fs16\charscalex95
\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Detector\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pa
rd\plain\li4662\sl-185\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M-K\par\sect\se
cted\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw6290\colsr10\colno2\colw2760\pard\plain\sl-202\par
\pard\plain\li5814\sl-146\f0\fs16\charscalex75\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Load\par\pa
rd\column\plain\sl-202\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-169\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i\u
l0\strike0 M-K\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw2830\colsr10\colno2\colw
6220\pard\plain\sl-272\par\pard\plain\li2536\sl-169\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\
i\ul0\strike0 K\par\pard\column\plain\sl-271\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-146\f0\fs16\c
harscalex95\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (Input\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 Number)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\li6677\sl209\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 Output\par\pard\plain\sl-271\par\pard\plain\li2027\sl-146\f0\fs16
\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Counter\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 Content\par\pard\plain\li1983\sl-348\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 M-K\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 2\par\pard\plain\sl-202\pa
r\pard\plain\li2005\sl-215\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M-K\f0\fs16
\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 3\par\pard\plain\li2271\sl-232\f0\fs16\chars
calex95\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M\par\pard\plain\li2027\sl-255\f0\fs16\charscalex95
\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 M-K\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 1\par\pard\
plain\sl-248\par\pard\plain\li7076\sl-169\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i\ul0\stri
ke0 t\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols4\colno1\colw2790\colsr10\colno2\colw550\colsr
10\colno3\colw930\colsr10\colno4\colw4760\pard\plain\li1606\sl-255\f0\fs16\chars
calex95\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Pu
lses\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-301\column\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0
T\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 c\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-255\column\f
0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 T(1)\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-278\column\f
0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 T(2)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\coln
o1\colw9060\pard\plain\li7076\sl-232\f0\fs16\charscalex95\cf1\b0\i\ul0\strike0 t
\par\pard\plain\sl-269\par\pard\plain\li1465\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 Figure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.7:\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\
f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 controlled
\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 oscillator\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f
0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 associated\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 waveform
s.\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-327\par\pard\plain\li918\sl-286\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 D\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 z\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 G\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 second-order\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 loop\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (with\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 D\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 z\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 G\f0\fs14\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strik
e0 G\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 z/\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 z\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 can\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\par\pard\plain
\li918\sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 respectively\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 given\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [
50,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 51]\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols3\colno1\colw
2150\colsr10\colno2\colw5450\colsr10\colno3\colw1440\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\
plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-317\par\pard\plain\li918\sl
-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\par\pard\column\plain\sl-305\par\pard\pla
in\li198\sl-308\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\stri
ke0 \u966?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
sin\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \{\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \}\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul
0\strike0 n\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 \u923?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\
plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-201\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-3
07\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 1)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\
ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u87
22?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 1)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K
\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sin\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i\ul0\strike0 \{\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \}\par\pard\plain\li1292\sl-475\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0
\u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\stri
ke0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 r\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0
\strike0 K\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sin\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \{\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \}\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 n
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 )]\par\pard\column\plain\sl-362\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.21)\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\par
\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.22)\par\sect\sected\
sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-302\par\pard\plain\li918\sl-252\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 instant\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u969?G\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 A\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u969?G\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\par\pard\plain\li918\sl-238\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 \u923?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u960?\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u969?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\stri
ke0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u969?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /\u969?\f0\fs14\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 r\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\

strike0 G\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /G\f0\fs
14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 From\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 these\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 equations\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ca
n\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 be\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shown\par\par
d\plain\li918\sl-222\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 noise-free\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 steady-state\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 error\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?rst-order\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
loop\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 given\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw7610\cols
r10\colno2\colw1440\pard\plain\sl-285\par\pard\plain\li3649\sl-328\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 ss\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sin\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\
f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\u923?\f0\fs14\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /K\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\par\pard\plain\sl-303\par\pard\plain\li918\
sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 while\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 second-order\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 loop\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locks\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 zero\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 error.\par\pard\column\plain\sl-362\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.23)
7;32768}}
}}

7;32768}}
}}
7;32768}}
}}
7;32768}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(44,116)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}
}}

}
}}
}}
}
}}
}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}
}}

}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 0}}
geoBottom}{\sv 93}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(0,93)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 89}}
geoBottom}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(89,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 89}}
geoBottom}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(89,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
relTop}{\sv 5515}}
fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 0}}
geoBottom}{\sv 93}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(0,93)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(0,93)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 0}}
geoBottom}{\sv 93}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(0,93)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
relLeft}{\sv 4176}}
relTop}{\sv 4772}}
fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 89}}
geoBottom}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(89,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(89,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 0}}
geoBottom}{\sv 93}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(0,93)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
relLeft}{\sv 4707}}
relTop}{\sv 5329}}
fRelFlipH}{\sv 0}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 89}}
geoBottom}{\sv 0}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(89,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(89,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}
shapeType}{\sv 0}}
rotation}{\sv 0}}
geoRight}{\sv 0}}
geoBottom}{\sv 93}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(0,93)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
geoBottom}{\sv 93}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(0,93)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn9070\pghsxn13606\sected\cols3\colno1\colw4890\colsr1
0\colno2\colw3030\colsr10\colno3\colw1120\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-20
0\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-274\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-279\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 DIGITAL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 PHASE\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i\ul0\strike0 LOCK\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 LOOPS\par\pard\plain\sl-200\
par\pard\plain\sl-216\par\pard\plain\li3081\sl-155\f0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 Sampler\f0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 I\par\pard\pla
in\li1435\sl-246\f0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Sinusoidal\par\pard\
plain\sl-239\par\pard\plain\li1411\sl-155\f0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 Input\f0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Signal\par\pard\column\pl
\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl
-200\par\pard\plain\sl-267\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-155\f0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 I\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\pl
ain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-331\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 29\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols4\colno1\colw3950\colsr10\colno2\colw113
0\colsr10\colno3\colw1530\colsr10\colno4\colw2420\pard\plain\sl-337\par\pard\pla
in\li2318\sl-155\f0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Hilbert\par\pard\pla
in\li2175\sl-197\f0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Transformer\par\pard
\plain\li2580\sl-109\f0\fs10\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 o\par\pard\colum
n\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-360\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-155\f0\fs16\charscale
x96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DCO\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-212
\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-155\f0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Digital\pa
r\pard\plain\li0\sl-197\f0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Filter\par\pa
rd\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-297\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-155\f0\fs16\c
harscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 -\f0\fs12\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1
\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\
sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-270\par\pard\plain\li4917\sl-155\
f0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Q\par\pard\plain\li3105\sl-246\f0\fs1
6\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Sampler\f0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 II\par\pard\plain\sl-293\par\pard\plain\li2421\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 Figure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.8:\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 Structure\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tanl
ock\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 loop.\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl
-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-331\par\pard\plain\li1228\sl-192\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Although\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sinusoidal\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 many\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 advantages\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 over\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 other\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 types\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 DPLLs\par\pard\plain\li911\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [12],\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 it\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shortcomings\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sensitivity\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 va
riations\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal\par\par
d\plain\li911\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 power\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rather\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
limited\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 lock\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 rang
e.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DTL\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 explained\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 below\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 solved\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 these\par\pard\plain\li911\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 p
roblems.\par\pard\plain\sl-367\par\pard\plain\li911\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 Tanlock\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Loop\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (D
TL)\par\pard\plain\sl-206\par\pard\plain\li911\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 This\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 was\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 introduced\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [13].\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Figure\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2.8\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shows\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 block\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 diagram\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DTL
.\par\pard\plain\li911\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 It\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 composed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 90\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shifter,\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 two\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 samplers,\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 error\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detector,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 a\par\pard\plain\li911\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 loop\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter,\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 controlled\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 oscillator\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (DCO).\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 Sampler\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 I\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 takes\par\pard\plain\li911\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sample\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 I\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 incoming\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sampler\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 II
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 takes\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sample\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 Q\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\par\pard\plain\li912\sl-259\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase-shifted\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 incoming\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 simultaneously.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error,\par\pard\plain\
li912\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 which\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 determined\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sampling\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 instant,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 extracted\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0

\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tan\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike
0 \u8722?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 functio
n\par\pard\plain\li911\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 at\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0
\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 error\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detector.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 This\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 err
or\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 modi\u64257?
ed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter\par\p
ard\plain\li911\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 whose\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 output\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 controls\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 period\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digital\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 controlled\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 oscillato
r\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (DCO).\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 This\par\
pard\plain\li911\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 technique\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detection\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
along\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 with\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 use\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Hilbert\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 transformer\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 led\par\pard\plain\li911\s
l-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 linear\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 di\u64256?erence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 equation.\par\
pard\plain\li1228\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 noise-free\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 di\u64256?erence\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 equations\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?rst\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 second-order\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 DTLs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\par\pard\plain\li911\sl-259\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 given\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 respectively\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 [13]\par\sect\s
ected\sbknone\cols3\colno1\colw2430\colsr10\colno2\colw5150\colsr10\colno3\colw1
460\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-353\par\pard\plain
\li912\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\par\pard\column\plain\sl-223\par
\pard\plain\li719\sl-308\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 (1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\str
ike0 K\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\
cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0
\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u923?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\par\pard\plain\
sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-224\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-307\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\stri
ke0 \u966?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 2)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u
8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 rK\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1)\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 +\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 K\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1)\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\s
trike0 k\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\par\pard\column\plain\sl-280\par\pard\p
lain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.24)\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\p
ard\plain\sl-339\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.25)\
par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9060\pard\plain\li911\sl-354\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 all\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u

l0\strike0 symbols\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 de\u64257?ned\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 paragraph\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sinusoidal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ZC\
f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .
}}

}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}
}}
}
}}
7;32768}}
}}
}}

}}
}}
}
}}

}
}}
}}
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
{\sp{\sn
}}
shapePath}{\sv 4}}
pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(715,0);(0,0)}}
pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;5;16384;45824;1;45824;32768}}
fFillOK}{\sv 1}}
fFilled}{\sv 0}}
fLine}{\sv 1}}
lineType}{\sv 0}}
}}
}}
}}

}
}}
}
}}
7;32768}}

}}
7;32768}}
}}
7;32768}}
}}
}}
}
}}
}

}}
}
}}
}
}}

7;32768}}
}}
7;32768}}
}}

}}
}
}}
}
}}

}}
}
}}
}
}}

}}
ex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (90\f0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 )\par
}}}
ex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tan\f0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (I\f
0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 /\f0\fs16\charscalex96\cf1\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 Q)\par}}}\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn9070\pghsxn13606\sected\cols3\colno1
\colw1190\colsr10\colno2\colw5690\colsr10\colno3\colw2160\pard\plain\sl-200\par\
pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-343\par\pard\plain\li9
00\sl-192\f0\fs20\charscalex58\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 30\par\pard\column\plain\sl
ar\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 steady-state\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 error\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?rst-order\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 DTL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\par
d\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-286\par\pard\plain\li0\sl
-279\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 CHAPTER\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 2\par\se

ct\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw7590\colsr10\colno2\colw1460\pard\plain\sl-28
1\par\pard\plain\li3945\sl-252\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u966?\f0\fs14\cf0\b
0\i\ul0\strike0 ss\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 =\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 \u923?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 o\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 /K\f0\fs14
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\par\pard\column\plain\sl-282\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-192\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.26)\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw90
60\pard\plain\sl-223\par\pard\plain\li901\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a
nd\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 second-orde
r\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DTL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 locks\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 zero\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 Due\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 d
ividing\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 input\
par\pard\plain\li901\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 its\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 phase-shifted\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 version\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 at\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ph
ase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 error\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detector
,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DTL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 noise-free\p
ar\pard\plain\li901\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 performance\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 independent\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 signal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 amplitude\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strik
e0 A\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 ,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 hence\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 under\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 noise-free\par\pa
rd\plain\li901\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 condition\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 DTL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
insensitive\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 t
he\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 variations\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 signal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 power.\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?rst-order\p
ar\pard\plain\li901\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DTL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 has\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 wider\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 lock\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 range\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tha
n\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sinusoidal\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL.\par\pard\plain\li1217\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 analysis\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sinusoidal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 nonl
inear\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 based\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u8220?\u64257?xe
d\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 point\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the-\par\p
ard\plain\li901\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 orems\u8221?\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 [50,\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 51],\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 while\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
analysis\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DTL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 linear.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Our\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 work\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 this\par\pard\plain\li901\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 book\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 combines\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 two\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 major\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\
strike0 approaches\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?eld:\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 approach\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 o
f\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sinu-\par\pard\plain\li901\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 soidal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 built\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
\u64257?xed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 point\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
analysis\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the

\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 approach\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tanlock\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 based\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\par\pard\plain\li901\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 arctan\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phas
e\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detection.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Our\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 main\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 objective\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 reduce\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 complicated\par\pard\plain\li901\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 st
ructure\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DTL\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 while\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 preserving\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 its\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 advantages.\par\se
ct\sected\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw1650\colsr10\colno2\colw7400\pard\plain\sl-20
0\par\pard\plain\sl-261\par\pard\plain\li900\sl-277\f0\fs30\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike
0 2.3\par\pard\column\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-261\par\pard\plain\li0\sl-2
77\f0\fs30\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Conclusions\par\sect\sected\sbknone\cols1\colno
1\colw9060\pard\plain\sl-260\par\pard\plain\li900\sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 In\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 cha
pter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 have\f0\fs
20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 presented\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 survey\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 digital\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase-locked\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i
0\ul0\strike0 loops\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (DPLLs).\par\pard\plain\li90
0\sl-260\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 survey
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 included\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 major\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 classi\u64257?ca
tion\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 according\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sam-\par\pard\plain\li9
00\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 pling\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sch
eme\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 where\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 they\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 are\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 classi\u64257?ed\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 uniform\f0\fs20
\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 non-uniform\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sampling\par\pard\plain\li900\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 DPLLs.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Further\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 classi\u64257?cation\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 according\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 to\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 detection\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 scheme\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 was\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a
lso\par\pard\plain\li900\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 considered.\f0\fs2
0\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 The\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 main\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 parts\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st
rike0 each\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 class\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
are\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 clari\u64257?ed.\par\pard\plain\li1217\sl-259
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 It\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 has\f0\fs20\cf0
\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 been\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 shown\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\
ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 most\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 important\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
kind\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs\f0\
fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 is\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0
\i0\ul0\strike0 non-\par\pard\plain\li900\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
uniform\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sampling\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 s
inusoidal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 zero-crossing\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (ZC-DPLL).\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strik
e0 Hence\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 will\
par\pard\plain\li900\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 concentrate\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul
0\strike0 kind\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
DPLLs\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f0\

fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 book.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Developments\f0
\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f0\fs20\cf0\
b0\i0\ul0\strike0 respect\par\pard\plain\li900\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str
ike0 are\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 presented.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
Two\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 major\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 approa
ches\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 exist\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 in\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?eld:\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 original\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 approach\par\pard\plain\li900\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 sinusoidal\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\stri
ke0 DPLL\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 built\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?xed\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 point
\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 analysis\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 and\f0\f
s20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 approach\f0\fs20\c
f0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 tanlock\par\pard\plain\l
i900\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 phase\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 d
etection.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 In\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 this\
f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 book\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 we\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 will\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 present\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\
i0\ul0\strike0 a\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 combination\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u
l0\strike0 of\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0
above\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 two\par\pard\plain\li900\sl-259\f0\fs20\cf
0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 approaches\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 that\f0\fs20\cf0\b
0\i0\ul0\strike0 will\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 give\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0
\strike0 many\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 advantages\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\s
trike0 over\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 e
xisting\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 types\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f
0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 DPLLs.\sect\sectd\sbkpage\pgwsxn11900\pghsxn16840\
pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\plain\sl-200\par\pard\p
lain\sl-211\par\pard\plain\li720\sl-222\f1\fs24\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 http://www
.springer.com/978-0-387-32863-8
{\sp{\sn lTxid}{\sv 7931}}
{\shptxt\pard\plain \ql\li0\ri0\widctlpar\sl745\slmult0\pvpara\aspalpha\aspnum\f
aauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0
{{\*\shppict{\pict{\*\picprop
{\sp{\sn pibFlags}{\sv 2}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}}
\picscalex100\picscaley100\piccropl0\piccropr0\piccropt0\piccropb0\picwgoal2600\
pichgoal740\jpegblip
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
001108003200ae03012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6a7a8a9aab2b3b4b5b6b7b8b9bac2c3c4c5c6
c7c8c9cad2d3d4d5d6d7d8d9dae1e2e3e4e5e6e7e8e9eaf1f2f3f4f5f6f7f8f9faffc4001f010003
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
a7a8a9aab2b3b4b5b6b7b8b9bac2c3c4c5c6c7c8c9cad2d3d4d5d6d7d8d9dae2e3e4e5e6e7e8e9ea
f2f3f4f5f6f7f8f9faffda000c03010002110311003f00fefe2bf11ffe0afdff00050dfda0ff0062
9bcf84ff000ffe097c0ad1be2f47f1cfe0e7ed71e2cd6b551f12352f875e36f0758fecf1f0cf48f1
df89b55f02de5a68babdb5df88745f056afaf78df4fb29163d47543e0ebad374565d526b563fb53a
b6aba5e83a5ea5ae6b9a969fa368ba369f79aaeafac6ad796fa7697a5697a75bc979a86a5a96a177
2436963a7d8da4335d5e5e5d4b15bdadbc524f3c8912330fe4d7fe09ebfb407883f6b4ff0082987e
cd3fb56fed1137c7cf881f12fe3e7c08fda4bc53fb2afc39f0afc22f07597ecd3fb1cfecb7ff000b
37e2c783341d7fe2478d26d66ffc5c7e2afc515f8413691178eb4fd0b4fb1f14dbf8f7c2de1fff00
84c35cd16eb4ed0b4bfade15cba955a98fcdf1984a58ecbf26c257af570555d58fd7714f0b56b61a
84254aad0f671a2a854c6622b4eaf251a34a2951c4d5af470d57e7f3ec64e9c30b9761f113c26333
2af4a953c4c1425f56a0abc29d7aae33854e7954756187a34e30e69d5a8e4e74a9d2ab5a9f857fc1
383fe0b07fb4efc0ad3f52d7bf695f851fb56fed79e0cfdae7c0bf19bf6a8f803e17f84ba778fbe3
f7c6bf83767f0dff00684f897f04fc53f0c3c616de2ff17470e9bf0cf4db8f0bf8725d3b5ff0ce83
a3d8f862e75ab54d57447b3d4ade4d3bfa4dfd953fe0a87fb0e7ed85a0786ef3e14fed03f0f6cfc7
5ae9b2d3f50f829e3af11e99e05f8d7e18f15cd2e9761a8783b58f86de28b9d2fc4d73abe93e20d5
ed3c3325ee8761ab681aa6b6eb6da06b1aaa4d04b2fd1be36f02fecf7e0ef88161fb52fc43d37e1e
f83fc79e0bf055efc2db4f8cde2cd4b4ef0cc9a1781fc6de2bd22fee3c2371e20d52fac34a874ed7
fc66ba43da5b5eb34b3eb97514160c2eb51922b9f847fe0a0fff000492f81bfb6eea5e1ff8c9e18d
5b5bfd9cbf6c1f86b336bff0bbf699f84725b7867c65ff00092e896971a8781ac3e244b69672378d
fc21e1ef1c5af86bc551c37423f13e96da09b3f0c788b43b6d575786ff00bb1d98f0ae7f8c55b139
663387658a569665819c71582a588a70a94a9d2ad963c3d1a7530b4e97f67c7118acbeb52c7b9c6b
e2aae0e4ea7b3abcb85c1e7b94e1bd950c6e1f3858777583c545d1c4d4a3394272a94f1bedea4e35
e753eb92a3471709e16ce950a7888a87353fd62a2bf34bfe0935fb5a7c5bfdb23f63ed23e257c7eb
2f03e93f1d3c1df12fe2afc14f8b9a2f80ed353d274ed2fc6df08fc5f7de12bd1aaf87b5abdbbd63
c33afeaf636ba7f89350d0f508b4c7b68b5bb59ed748d3b4fb9b3b75fd2daf8fc7e0abe5b8dc5e5f
89e4fac60ebd4c3d574a6aa5273a6e3ef52a8a315529ce3384e9cd4529c2a424959ebf4785c4d3c6
61a862a8f37b2c4528d5873c7926a324f49c2ef967171946716db8ca324f54d228afcf9ff8284ffc
1477e0c7fc13abe1f783fc55f11b40f18fc4bf1b7c4bf14dbf833e16fc14f854de14d53e2c7c41d6
e77b782597c37e11d77c4ba16adad691a65d5f69565ac5ef876cb5ebbd3ef75ad16d9b4d924d4ed8
37e53f817fe0e50f87dff0bb7e1afc11fda2bf608fdb23f65ed67e2bf8dbc39e00f0a6adf12fc39a
268d6916bde25d4f49d2e09f5bb4f1cdc7c39bab3d1b4e7d7f44bcd56f34dfed9bcb5d3b508ae534
c98cb6915dfab80e15e21cd306f1f80caebe230bcb5e50a91a985a72ab0c2a6f133c3d0ad8ba188c
442872c9559e1f0f5a1194651e7738b82e0c567994e0b11f55c56369d2ae9d28ce2e35a51a72af6f
631ad529d0a94a8caadd3846ad484e49a97228b4dff4bd451457cf9eb051451400515f9c1ff051af
f82a2fece5ff0004c4f097c35f167c7fd3bc7de21ff85ade22d6bc3be13f0efc3383c0ba8f8a263e
1dd32df52d6f5a9f4af1af8f7c09e6681a67dbf49b1bfd474d9f51fb16a1ad68f6d770c1fda16cf2
7dd1f0d3e217863e2dfc39f017c54f04dfc5aa783be24f833c31e3cf0aea305d69f7b15f7877c5da
2d96bda35d25e6937ba96977226d3efede4f3f4ed46fec642c5ad6f2e602933f6d5cb71f430385cc
ab612bd3c063aa57a383c5ce16a188ab866962214a7ccdca549b5cd78456fcae7cb2e5e5a78dc255
c5623054f114a78bc2c2954c4e1e326ead18574dd294e3ca925512f76d293db9942f1e6ede8a28ae
23a828a28a0028a28a0028a28a00fe6abfe0a45fb61f863f6d2f8c7a47fc135be11788fc6927c09d
37e26780bc2dff000520f883f0e349d5a0f1ed9681e29f8fba7fc02f0afecc5f0fec6f7fb1754beb
cf897f150c965f16bc6fa30b9d07c23f0a34ed5b58b7baf14d9cdabf86351fd04fdb97f6c3b0fd80
7e1c7ecc7f0c3f65cf841e16f8bdf173e2778efe1e7c2cf819fb2878263bbb1f10f8cbe0a78360b5
3e3d7f86d0f876da5d2bc31a47c38f008b79acbc59e2a6b3f873e148eeacee35bb892ddd2caebc1f
fe0ae3ff0004aaf89bfb695df83be357ec9df1ae5fd9c3f690f06fc3ff00899f093c4baee88fa978
5c7c5bf837f11ec66d4359f016bfe27f055cf87fc5373796fe27b6b7bbf0ed9f8835ebbf03c4daff
0089a6d5b481717c6f97f31fe1447fb5bfec23f14be17eb9f15bf67cf0378c7f6faf15fec63fb3ef
fc138ffe09c9fb30f81fe26587c48f0fdcf853e0b689717df1c3f695f8b3e2b8f4cd0e5f84ff000d
b4ed4ecfc2faff008aadb42bad0a3bad3e7bdf0e49a8ea2d15f78ebc39fa8e0b0991e6796649f53c
461eaacba963aae2f8631389961ebe33339d18f3e371d8b6b0f4de065caead7c7e1e51596e498074
66f0f5a2a58ef87c4e2334c163733589a5569fd72785861f3ba34555a587c146a3e5c2e16827566b
1314fd9d3c3564de3332c57b48fb5a7251c2fad7ed9dfb5a7ed19ff0507f1afece1ff04b5f19fec1
df15bf661f15fed15f14fe117c66f89d7bf103e247c2af1d47a27eccdf037e21689f103e2478925d
3be1feb3aadfe890cde21f09db787fc33a9f8bed343b1f11ead6c9a2e9b05c6b1a83d969bfd53d7e
53ff00c1353f621f899f01751f8edfb567ed53af68fe2bfdb4bf6caf1358f8e7e2edb689236bde15
f825e1ab31732784bf67ef867e2ed7ae35cf18dff83fc1165756da7df45278a6f3c26d75a3e9161e
15d362d2bc3d67aceb7fab15f29c498cc04ea6132ccaa961e9e072c85673a985ab8aad87c56678c7
42a66388c3d4c64ea57961a12a147058494a56ad47072c5454618ba5087bd9361f1518e231b8ea95
a78ac6ca9a8c2bc2853ab87c161d548e128d58e1e10a4ab4d55a989af14bf775710a8b6e5427297e
14fec656fe1af823ff000599ff0082a5fc0d8bc7979a2d8fc6bf0a7ece5fb59fc36f8392ebd6d6be
1fd4b5ef18786757f0b7ed0bf10345f0b4d199effc4b79e2ff000cf852e7c45aee9d34456cb57b3b
4d4ed6e45bda5dc1fbad5f891f03fc4be1ed5bfe0bd5fb74e8c9a2ea179aff00873f621fd95b48ff
00848adfc3b73a9e91a16df12f8c7c45a9689aaf8badada5b0f09eb1e21b2f187872ff0047f0cea7
7967a8f8b74ed0757d5f4fb6bbb3f0e4f2c1fb6f59f13394b1997d59a9fb5adc3dc3b56ab9f27bf3
7954292a8b9126d4e961f0ee52abcd56535294a528ba76bc9546387c5c20e2e9d3cdb3785351e6f7
63f5e9cdc1f368b96a56aa9285a118b5149353bff18fff000533fda1efff00605ff8386bf667fdb1
7f6a0f0b788f5ffd962e7e05daf813c03e2db2d16fb5cb4f0058eabe1ff1bf85bc61a87872da2325
bddf8a7c21e34f11dd78abc4da358249e2097c15e2a8a7d3ec2eefeef46497fa01f8fdf0e3f644ff
0082c17ecd3a3f85be1cfc74f87de35d2b48f1cfc27f8d9e00f8a1f0d750f0cf8f75df875e25f057
8cedb5bd3b521a2497c971a2dd78934bd1bc57e01d5ac35e874ebc8ac355f105b496aba8e9cd0c3e
cbf1c3c01fb267fc1427c0ff00b417ec95e3d9fc2df11ffe15f6a9a7782be2968cba1f87f57f16fc
1df1bf89fc1b65e28f0bebfa01f1c785fc41a4687e328bc2be24b5d67c2fe29b1d2b538eccdd5c45
04e6eadafed61fe1ff00f6c4ff008265fed23ff06f3fc64f843fb7ff00ecf5f17cfc5ff827a37c6c
d2fc2d1e99797be21f01f8b64d2aff004cff00848ecbe1efc63b7f08ea36367e23f0a78dadb44f16
787753d4b47913429e6d2b47b8d5fc3b692f88ad34083ee7288e5fc514f23c2431f88e1ae35c8b2f
a397e4d0a949cb2fcea1469e2f19804bda421f51c5d7862aac27cce547170c47b771af4e738cbe57
3078cc8e799e22585a39d70d66b8ca98bcc6519a58bcb65527430d8abf2ca5f59a14a546128592a9
42547d929529c6325fd847edb7ff00058cfd87bf602f1c695f0bbe3df8c7c7117c4dd65740b8b1f0
7f867e1b78b2f626d2fc43776f6d6fadcfe3bd6ec7c3df0b61d334e8a77d435b1ff09d36a5a658da
dcb4ba735d9b6b4b9f0df8c7ff00070a7fc134fe0debde1eb4baf1f7c4cf887e05d6f50b6d26ebe3
8fc29f847e2df197c0cd0754b881eedf4db9f88ab069fa7789b52b1b5559353d37e1d41e36bfd366
6974fbcb68754b1d4ec6c7f33bfe0e36f1be83f193e0c7fc1223e225969919f0f7c57fda47e1ff00
8d6cf4ad5eded2e6e5342f1bf85bc21ad26997d1bcade6466cb578adb55b65b3b9b39e48e35ba9ad
82411ddff41bff000513f845e0ef8c7fb00fed75f0cfc4b63a4c3a06affb3bfc5dbab5927b0d265b
2d0f5bd13c1badf883c3fe21b78af2d350b1b3bbd0bc43a7d8eb76da84508bbb0bbb45bfb39ed6fa
18ae62f16194f0de0f01c2989ccb019bd4ad9ce2b32c1662a966b4a8470f3c166986cae75e8c165b
567cd4a75a55a386737093a53a756b54e6a6d7a52cc33ac462f3ea383c5e5f0a596e1f078ac1ba98
0a956556188c0d6c74695493c642369c69c69cab72a9255213a74e169a7abf19bfe0a0dfb1efc02f
d9c7c29fb5b7c4af8d3a3d9fecf1e3a3a227833e26785f41f187c43d23c4b2f88f4dd4756d122d36
d7e1f787bc4fab137d67a56a1996eac2dadac6e6d65b3d4a6b2bb530d7e7d788ff00e0e2eff825f7
87be09cff1e87c4ff1d6b3e0fb8f8b5aff00c1ef0968fa5fc3ad5a0f1df8ff005bf09f85fc15e2ef
14f897c2de0cd7ae344d62dfc09a069be3ff000fdadf789fc5d1785ade4d6a49f45b182f35116d05
cfe62ffc133eff00c4ba97fc1ac9fb58c3e24b695b49d2fe067edf763e0892ee4bbb88ae7c329e19
f1b6a2f73689785a1822b4f195e78a208134f02ce3b9b26b91fe9cf764715ff06a97ec89f003e2c7
ec67fb577c46f8b3f0dbc0ff0015b50f885f1aa3f829aae8bf11fc0be08f1b689a6f827c0be02f0b
78c60b1d322f11e8babcf1a6bfadfc4dbdbdd7f4ebc73a6dd4fe1ff0cde269693dafdb6f7d47c29c
359665dc538ecd5e6f8c7c35c5387c9147058bc2e1d63f0d8894e74eca585ab1c2d78d24d56aaea5
6839d2946953a72a9fbbe359f6758dc664785c0acbf0cb3ac8eb664de270f5eabc256a2946a6aabc
1d7a4ea59d2a7c94e4a3513a939a8353fd0aff0082ac7ed59ff0427f8abe0ff8136bff00050eb8d5
bc7ed7df0fecfe38fc07d1f44f057ed13a5f8b6e3c19f163c27a5eb76d75a5f88fe1ee9fe1bb3d3d
7c59a55b786cdff87bc45e29b07d3b5387419f5db3d264b686ee1fd34f187eda1fb147ec43fb1b7c
0bf8d3e39d6e4f80ff00b30ea9e02f861a17c22d36d7c01e33f107f60787759f01db6b1f0fbc1a7c
3df0f344f1a5de912db785eca1d3a36ba76d261bcb78ec5f59967b8b66b9fc0aff0083bcf4ed3f4d
fd8dff00649b2d3ac2cac2cf4cfda1afb4ed36d2cad60b5b6d3f4f87e16788e28ac6ca08238e2b4b
38a2b6b78e3b581238123b7851502c5185fd3efdabd55ffe0df2f8841d5580ff008264f875806018
064f813a03a300411b91d55d4f55650c08201ae69e5780c470ff0002d6957cea582cd789331cb6ae
5f57348d4a184a6b1386c3bad97d3784f6185ad57eb94aa569ba355d4952a91ba8d64e1ac71d8ba3
9bf14538d2cb2389c064d83c6c3174f02e157113f6356aaa78b92afed6bd3a7f57a90a71f6b05155
212b3749a9c9a8ff00c1c15ff04da8fe13695f143c29e3df88bf14354d5b46d43c4bff000a77e15f
c31d77c6ff0018b44f0d699acebba4ddebfe33f0f696e7c3fe01d3e1b7d08f88675f1bf8afc3d7d6
9e1ad6bc2faaded9daaf897478aefef4fd897f6ebfd9bffe0a0bf0713e377ecd3e31b9f12f85adb5
abbf0c788f48d6b4b9f40f17f82fc516505b5e4fe1ef15e8172f2bd85f3585ed8ea369716b737fa5
6a5a7de4177a66a5790b3b27c2bff06f2f87f42d23fe08ff00fb21cfa4e8ba4e973f88b47f89fad6
bf369da6d9d8cbae6b337c65f887a6cbabeb125b4313ea7a9cba7699a6d8497f7a67ba7b2d3ec6d5
a5305a411c7f9b7ff06cae9b67a07c6aff0082c7786b48823b2d1340fdabbc39a6e8fa5db4715ad8
5859d978b3f684b0b782d2ceda38ad2d234b4b2b4b711dadbc312436d04491ac50c489cb9964390a
c1f19ac050ccb0f8ae15cc70d4a9e23158fa58aa78dc3d7cdabe555294f0d4f07878d074dd3856a5
5635aad492e68d74dcbdcdf059ae6cf11c36f1757055a867d83ad5254a8616a509e1ab52c053c7c6
71ad3c4569555352953a9074e9c22ed2a5a27cdfb3bf1b7fe0acff00b23fc1ff008c1a97ece3e19b
af8a3fb4b7ed2da2dc6a30ebbfb3dfecabf0c7c41f1a3e27787e2d1ac348d535cbdf10c1a58d3fc2
ba0db68963add83ea4357f14d95d43766eb498eda5d62caef4f87c5be15ffc17affe09dbf187c7be
15f83be12f14fc6d5f8efe28f1dc1f0d64f817aafecdff001a6d7e257853c6726bd1786eef47f1b5
adbf83ef3c35e197d175379d7c43737de26fb2e85169fa9c9aa4d6cda7dd247fcd87fc1bd1f13bc2
bfb31ffc1587f6e7f863fb5cf8874df84ff1d7c7d61e3af08e9d71f13355b6d15b58f1fe99f1822f
1278bfc2f1f88fc43306bcd6bc551983c4ba233eaaf178bacb487bfb49f56b8974b925fd24ff0082
68e9937c5cff0083873fe0a8ff00b4dfc06b9b6f127ecad67f0f6d3e186bff00113c3336ef87be26
f8c17969f021afb4bd1350d282e81e29d6adfc47e03f895aadd6ab6925f88ace593579ae98f8ab4e
bbd4bd8ccb83b22ca659de1abd0ccb111ca3863019e61b3958ff00ab60f34c6639e16947094a0b01
5b0ab0f2ab8b7f54587c4d6c656785ab0aad2a9cf47cfc171166b982cb2b52a983a52cc33bc56575
f2e785f6d88c0e1b0aabd47889cbeb54ebbaca9d04abbad469e1a9fb684a09b8f2cbfa04fdaa7f6e
4f80ff00b224de05f0f7c42baf18f8c7e2c7c58bcd474ff83ff007e0df83357f8a3f1d7e2b5e68f6
925feb1ff085fc3cf0f23df4ba668d630cb75acf89b5bb8d13c27a3c698d4f5db49248924e4bf637
ff00828bfece3fb6eea7f12bc1bf0ca6f881e05f8c3f066fe0d3fe2e7c01f8e3e04d57e167c6cf87
6f7734b059dd7883c15ac3cfe6e9d71344617bfd1751d5ad74fb996d2d356934fbcbeb2b7b8fe687
f674fda43f6b1fda53fe0bbffb61fc72fd9c7e0cfc1df1cf8e7c11fb287c38f86de1bf007ed11f16
fc4bf0e6d3e1ff00c3bd4edbe10f8835cd6fc3177a47817e256a92ea371e32b8d5527b2d134ef0ee
930d8f8eef6eb507b8bfd56ea4d43f4ebf659ff8274fedd565ff00056df1affc14f3f696d4bf65cf
87f63e3df82f27c2bf10fc29f809e34f8a7e33d475296cbc2fe0ef0c68d77a9eafe2ef873e03b1bf
803782b48d5aee6bc9af1a16b2d334fb5d398e9d6da945e4e3b86327cab015a86658da386cd570fe
1337a156599d3956ab99e2b92bc3268e4d4f0953fd9e5849b8c730963635258984aac6d86b523bf0
b9e6638fc552ad82c354ad8079be232ea9058292a74f05439a94b3296613af06aaaaf14de11619c2
34671836eb7be7d6bac7fc16c7fe09cba2fc7df157ecdf79f1bb518be20fc3ad2fe296b3f156eefb
e1cfc42f0ff843e1769df07fc37acf89fc6371e2bf13f8a7c39a1595e66cb44b8b3d062f07af8aa6
f116ab79a4d8e931dcb6ab62f37aff00ec05ff00052dfd97bfe0a51e12f88be30fd99f56f18de58f
c2df1741e11f1669fe37f0a4fe15d5a09b51b69ef740d6ad2dcddea36d73a2788ecad2f2e74b93ed
91ea90ada4f06b1a56957682dcff003d7fb60fc0ef00fc77ff0083a8bf64cf057c41d22c757f0adb
fecede1df88dab68579a4e8baae99e25d57e19f86fe37f8c7c3963afe9dade9da9e9ba8e9c75cf0d
684d7ab736535c9b3d3e38ac2e2c2f23b3bfb3feb37e1e7c22f85bf0913c5117c2ff00875e06f877
0f8dbc4f77e34f16c3e07f08f877c2517893c59a85ad9d95f788f5d8fc3da669abac6bb796d61691
5d6b1a98bbd4ae238228e6ba78e28913878832de1ccaf2bca1e1a866d3cd338c8f2ccde9d4ad8dc3
cf098375b138ca58aa5529c7074aa627dbc30ce541c2549619461197b69caa4df4e538dce71d8ecc
157ab808e072ecd31b97ce34f0d5a388c42a7430f5284e137889c28fb295651a9ccaa3acdca51f67
18c22bd11b76d3b71bb076ee242eec7192012067a9009c7415fce95a7ecb9ff05b2b3fdb3fc69fb6
dcb17fc12d35ff00891ae7c13d07f679f08693e21d7ff6b793c3bf0efe1a68be2fd5bc6baa45e17b
6b4f0345a8db6b5e37f105fd9dff008aefae356bb86e4691a7dad9c16f6d1956fe8b1cb0472832c1
58a8eb96009030083c9c0ea3eb5f8dff00f0d8ff00f0515ffa334ffcb17e257ff2f2bf17e2cf1a72
1f083ea8b3ac9788337ff59b0f8ec2d3fec2f0fb8938ebd961f052c14b174716f87a12795c712ebe
1791625c1e3a34271a2dc30f5e32fd5785bc28cefc4ffadbc9f36c872bfec1ad83ad57fb6f8db87f
83bdad6c64714b0d530ab3d9c16632a0a857e7786525847560eaa52af49a97fb47fe0bf5ff00401f
f82437fe0ebf6d1ffe66e8fed1ff0082fd7fd007fe090dff0083afdb47ff0099ba8bfe1b1ffe0a2b
ff004669ff00962fc4affe5e51ff000d8fff000515ff00a334ff00cb17e257ff002f2be07fe2707c
37ff00a2078eff00f19f7c4aff00e44fb5ff00895ce3effa2cb823ff00176f87ff00fcb0e3bf611f
d97ffe0a73f073f6cdfda3ff00682fda5eebf612d57c1ffb5debfe0ff127c63b9f837a8fed0b7bf1
17423f08be13cbf0ebe12f853e1ec5e39f0d689e1ab7f0b6992c56f79ac0f11deea9a891a9f8866d
3e6135e59dbda7ee1d7e6c7ecf3fb497ed95f10fe2cf86fc27f17bf66eff008571e02d4a0d724d5f
c57ff087f8eac3ec5358e83a95f69907f686adab5ce9b65f6dd4adad6d7cdbc82449bccfb1c216ea
e6de44fd27afd37863c4fcafc59c055e25ca72dce32bc3e17111c92587cef84339e0ac5ca79760f0
9ece74f28cf631c654c3470b5b0d428e3611587abec274a9de742b4a5f9e712787d99786b8ea7906
698fca731c46230ffdad1af93713e53c598550c6e2712a509e67934a784a788788a35ead5c24e4eb
d3556156768d6a697f3c1f1ebf66ff00f82897ec7bff00050efda1ff00e0a0bfb1cc1f09be3a7c1d
fda9bc3ff0b347f8cffb2f78a47c54d27c6179acfc28f00691e0ef0ef897c37ac7c3df871f11121d
66c64b1d5ee74fd66eed5ed92c3c53ad68d7da0df95d3350b0e73e37feca9fb7b7fc164b4df85ff0
dbf6c4f087c1ff00d8fbf635f09fc4df0efc5cf1dfc36f036adf18bc69fb43fc4c9b41d3f58d234a
f02dd7897e217c29f843e1df0869c5eeb5eb8d475ad234abbd46d21d7342bc8b4eb8b9d1a3fed1fe
90a8afd369f1663297d4ebc303964736c0616860f079d2c34963e8d0c2e1e585c2c94157faa4f178
6c3c9d2a38eab86a989845537694e9539c3e0a59061e5f58a52c4e35e03175eae271196bac9e16a5
5af5957aeb99d375e387ad5573d4c2c2ac68ca4e5aa53927fc8d7fc1d33a36a1e17f843ff04dcf0d
fc2db0d3f44bff000f7ed31068ff000eec058dc3787345d4746f0ce8963e0db196ced7cf8d6c2c27
86ca2b7b14d32fae1ec6dae63b3f2c4735bdefdcbac7c19ff82d17eda5f0c3c67fb2bfed4be3cfd8
cbf673f84fe35d3aebc27f1b7e307ecd9e1cf8f5e20f8b1e3bf871e288dbfb77c07f0bb44f8c3a36
89e08f0b37883c3b3df7837c55e30d4352f13dde9f697d3cda5e829764eef8b7fe0e38b9f8bbf1bf
c71fb237c30f811fb277ed75f1af5efd9afe3c691f18be20f893e1c7ece7f11fc49f0ea6f0f5c68f
e19d56cb48f0afc43b1f0ecfa1789b5dba4f36d6fad343d4e5b1d1750b0bad3fc44f0dfc36d0c5fd
1e7eccdfb4e786ff0069cf0d6bbe21f0f7c2cfda2fe147fc239a9c1a5df687fb46fc05f887f023c4
5732dd452dcc375a269be3cd17498fc45a77951e67bfd067d42daca5922b6bf7b6bb90435f4b8ac6
e2f2de0ce12af4b0396e22bd0ad9d629e33174b098dc665b5b119ae1ebe06bc212cc653a52c424f1
14beb381c4427569d3af2a719d282978787c361f19c49c414aa62b1b46955a796d0587c3cf1386c3
6329d1c0d4a78aa5292c1a85454b4a33f638aa528d394e946728ce4e3f207ed5dfb1d7c49f0f7fc1
39f51fd813fe09fde05f81fe1bf09f89fe12789ff67597fe17278b7e20e85a57823e1b78d7c23aee
83e23f18e98fe05f87fe3ed5bc67f112fefb58bbd62f2e3c42745b6d4fc41aa6a1e26d6756d42f1a
6d3f50f8d7fe087bfb00fede9ff04caf0a7897f679f8bc3f659f1cfc0cf1c7c41f12fc56bff1d780
3c73f189be297877c4fa8782bc35e19b6d0ed3c33e24f82fe1df08eb9e1eba9bc21a4cf25d5df8a7
44d4f4c37dab4b126b0a2cac61fe87e8af9187136630ca330c9670c1d7c2e698c59863ab6230f2ad
8daf8e8b9ba58b962e58a8cd56a2ead474daa6e37a93752159caf1fa1964983966384cce33c4d2af
81c33c1e169d1ad1a785a585928a9d0587541c5d3a8a10534e69da11509534b5fe70bfe0ba3ff04d
efdbaffe0a80bf0d3e117c1fbdfd987c0df043e1678864f1fda78a3e2078cbe2ea7c49f13f8c753f
0ebe832d85ce85e19f83be23f0be89e1fd1adef355f265b7f126b1a86af2dd5a4d3c5a40b37b7baf
60f8a7fb35ff00c14cbe24ff00c12c20fd875bc35fb1958fc54d73e18c7fb33f8bbc76ff0014fe3b
c9e0c4f841a1fc3bf0b784ec3e21e8ba647fb3e2eb5ff0b13c453da78821bff09de410f857408d34
ad52c7c53aec97b75a1e97fbbb456f4f8b330a781c9f2e585caa586c8b1af30cbd4f02e55218c94e
352a56ad5163232aeeb54852a956334a12950a3cb0a718b8d4ce79060e78acc718ebe3e35f35c37d
5318e38a4a12c3a8b8429d383c3495254e12a9084a2dc92a952f2939271fc67ff82627ecf3fb7bfe
c47fb1369bfb2cfc40f0cfecabe2fd67e0a7823e25c5f057c51e13f89bf19ad6c3c65e27d6bc4977
e35f09e8bf12ac75bf81d6d75e1dd15f59f13f88ec35ff0013784dbc49a841a7e9da3369be0fbdba
bbbffb27cc3ff047bff827a7edff00fb05fed07fb4df8bfe35c9fb28789fe197ed83e38b9f8a5f11
2e7e1b78d3e34bf8d7e1f78bf4eb9f881afe8f61e0fd27c59f08343f0ff88bc3b7fabf8f27d2f518
35cf10e89aa69fa7dac5aa5adeea7750be9179fd1b5711f136cfc6fa87c37f88361f0cf53b1d17e2
3df7823c5967f0ff0059d4e28a7d3749f1bdce837f0f85353d4209e0ba866b1b0d79ec2eaee29ada
e629208a449209918c6ca5c4f8fc47f6dd19d0caa9c789ab51966951e0e515ed2389fac42b5292c5
cde1953c55596366e9c2a2f68a72f672825418b23c2d1fecca91ab8f9bc929d558182c4c64f92545
d29529a7878aaee7420b0d153941f238ae7527ed57f9d1fc7cfda73f6a9f849ff0553f8df65ff050
8fd933c01ff053ef19f8357c79e0df08fc18d4bc0be22d3fe1b78734fd4acfe1b5d587c49f865e07
93e1d78902d8ddf81342f04ac17faef853c48d369baaff006cc5afcda8dfc3e24bff00dd5ff82627
fc17dfe1ff00c40fda33e167ec03e31ff827ada7ec230f8f2e2e342f855a5f83b5ad1b42f05e8bae
7f666b1a9da691ad780357f873f087fb02d7c493e8b2e89a0df787a1d6afb56f155e69fa2a686f25
cbde43f09ffc11bff6f3f867ff0004cef8a9fb47fc3fff0082a47c28f8a1fb397ed09f10f55b64f1
97ed47f11fe1ff008dbc6b7df12fc5fa5f8d7c7fe26d7f4af1a78af43d13c45aece6f6dbc77e18b9
f0f6bfe1ff00f848fc1de26d3b498f58bfd72ce01e189350fd69f899e18d07fe0b0dfb7c7ec17f1c
3e04fc3df1ce93fb31fec13e3bd57e3478a7f6b2f1ff00c3af157c30b3f8cde2a8f57f09ebfe02f8
3df03b47f1ee83e1bf1978ebc3f65e2cf03db6afe36f18cba65a783b49b0bbbb8f47bebbd5ae6d2d
f5bfd5f893fb3aa4aa6599c70dfb1caf0790f2e138ab0399e2f0d934b1986ca6a4f0988caf2cc3e3
6a64d5162b3074f0f4f094a15b319c71529626ca152a53f81c95e32118e332dce7dae3b119b73623
22c560b0f5b328e1ebe610862296371b570f1cc61ec708a75a788a8e9e113a1154b594212e5ffe0a
15ff00048efda9bc35fb67e9dff0539ff825afc60f07fc1ff8ea7c39a4f873e2afc2ef1768de22b9
f09f8d74ed2742d33c2024d1b4df09f84bc6d0eb5a7ebbe19d1bc37a77887c07abf85adb4f1a9787
6d3c6fa5788ac7c4690b5afe927ec1bf0ebfe0a53aa78827f8edff000503fda07e1b5c5c6a5e0997
c2fe0bfd97bf679f87faa784be15f85e4d4755b0d4afbe2078f35ef889a443f13bc45f119e0d2ed7
47d2f4732e99e1af0a69f73ae340bac5c6bbbf4cfd45a2bf24c57146618dcb30f96e2e8e5d889617
0d1c0d0cceb65f87a99b53cbe0ef4f04b1d352a9ece9bf769d570962614af469e229c25373fd0686
4784c2e36b6330f53194635eb3c555c153c5d6860258b926a5897858b50539a6dce9a92a33a9fbc9
d29c94547f986f88ff00b037fc1563c49ff055df0c7fc14f340d1ff6138af3e1af82f57f851e0ef8
47abfc55fda31ad358f00cfe1ff1c785e2d475ff0015587ece9e75978aeeadfc6fa96ae4e9fa4dfe
9167710d9e9c91ea102c97f2ff004cba1cbac4fa2e8f3788ad34eb0f104da5e9f2ebb63a3dedd6a7
a4d96b125a42fa9da697a95f69da45eea1a75b5e99e1b1bdbcd274bbabbb648a7b8d3aca691eda2d
4a2b9735cef139c53cbe9e270f81a4b2cc1d3cbf0b2c2619d092c1d173952a151bc4d7f6b1a73ab5
aa46528aa9cf56a394e49c630df019650cba78b9d1ad8aa8f1d889e2f10b115d568bc4d451552ac1
7b0a5c8e71853838a6e1cb4e09462d3948a28a2bc63d20a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a2
8a2800a28a2800a28a280394f137813c0fe354b38fc65e0df0a78b534eb9fb669e9e26f0ee91af25
8de6c11fdaacd755b3bb16d73b004f3e0092ec0177e0015d1dada5ad85b4165636d6f67676b12416
d696b0c76f6d6f0c602c70c1042a914312280a91c68a8a000a00a28aa739b8c60e73708b6e307293
845bddc62e4e316fab8c62df56c4a314dc9462a52b2949462a524b64e4a2a4edd2f276e962c51451
5230a28a2803ffd9}{\par}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\p
ar}}}}
}}
{\sp{\sn lTxid}{\sv 7931}}
{\shptxt\pard\plain \ql\li0\ri0\widctlpar\sl9045\slmult0\pvpara\aspalpha\aspnum\
faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0\itap0
{{\*\shppict{\pict{\*\picprop
{\sp{\sn pibFlags}{\sv 2}}
{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}}
\picscalex100\picscaley100\piccropl0\piccropr0\piccropt0\piccropb0\picwgoal7040\
pichgoal9040\jpegblip
ffd8ffe000104a46494600010100000100010000ffdb004300010101010101010101010101010101
01010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
010101010101010101ffdb0043010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101
0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101ffc0
001108025b01d603012200021101031101ffc4001f00000105010101010101000000000000000001
02030405060708090a0bffc400b5100002010303020403050504040000017d010203000411051221
31410613516107227114328191a1082342b1c11552d1f02433627282090a161718191a2526272829
2a3435363738393a434445464748494a535455565758595a636465666768696a737475767778797a
838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6a7a8a9aab2b3b4b5b6b7b8b9bac2c3c4c5c6
c7c8c9cad2d3d4d5d6d7d8d9dae1e2e3e4e5e6e7e8e9eaf1f2f3f4f5f6f7f8f9faffc4001f010003
0101010101010101010000000000000102030405060708090a0bffc400b511000201020404030407
05040400010277000102031104052131061241510761711322328108144291a1b1c109233352f015
6272d10a162434e125f11718191a262728292a35363738393a434445464748494a53545556575859
5a636465666768696a737475767778797a82838485868788898a92939495969798999aa2a3a4a5a6
a7a8a9aab2b3b4b5b6b7b8b9bac2c3c4c5c6c7c8c9cad2d3d4d5d6d7d8d9dae2e3e4e5e6e7e8e9ea
f2f3f4f5f6f7f8f9faffda000c03010002110311003f00fefe28a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a
0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a
0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a00fce0f891f127f6d0f1e7eda1f157f6
75fd9d3e297ecc3f08fc11f07ff65ffd97fe366a9a8fc69fd987e2afed05e2bf17f8abf684f8adfb
63781afb4dd3b51f03fed89fb33e8fe15d03c33a47ecc9a1cf696f75a0f8ab50d4b52f146ab3cfaa
5a5ad95a59bf07f0bff6d3f8e1a37c2bfdbb74dfdb26d7e157ece5f193f631f862ff0019754f88ba
6f817c6df10fe18bfc0cf14fc27f16f8e3c1bfb416a3f05bc1ff0012fc45e34f107853c35e2ef86d
f193c15aff00c38f077c6fbaf19f8eeebe0c7895345d5bc117be25d16dac59e36f8d3a2fecd9ff00
0524fda1fc73f123e1b7ed3dabf82fe29fec41fb0a784bc0de30f82dfb1bfed6dfb4b785353f15fc
2cf8f3ff00051fd63c7fe19d47c49fb37fc13f8afa378635ff000de93f167e1c6a977a478aaf745b
f9b4df176957f636f756ad3cb0fcbbf187c2df1f3f69bfd92ffe0b4dfb42eaff00b3d7c4df87de32
f8ff00ff0004f7f157ec9bf003e0a5c7867c4da8fc49f889e1af833f013f69ef15787f5ed3fc0f7b
e1ed07e238f1878ebe36fed59f137e1d685e0ed47c03a46afac59781fc2fab78720d7f4ff15e997d
7001fae5f19bf6b1f81df00fc47e1ef087c46d77c63ff093f8974f6d62cb42f007c1ff008c7f18f5
2d37414bc92c9bc4be2db6f83de01f1dbf813c2c24b5d5ae3fe128f1b0f0ff0087ce9be1bf17eae3
523a57837c557ba3fc5da6ff00c156ff00655f8a1a8fec37f107e097ed39e1fd77e0dfed79e1ff00
db2bc4df0e7c0b6bfb1dfed5df123e32fed33a77ec8fe15d56fbe255b7c14bcf0c2f86b57f84fe20
f84fabf86b5fbed57c27f103e06fc4cf157ed0300d3fc15f04f46b4f125d586a9aae87c69f895e2b
fd987f6def89bf1866f83ff15be25f843e3a7ec8df007e1af85354f02fc3bf893e2af0a681f10bf6
74f881fb68f8d6eb49f1ff008cbe1ef803c7fa3fc2fd23c5d71fb43fc3bd226f1b7c5797c0de08f0
ce98754f167f6deafa47873c6bff0008d7f35fff000484f803f1c8787ffe0d42f17c3f073e2a5cf8
3be077fc3f57fe17478bedfe1ef8b26f0bfc23ff0085997bf1334cf873ff000b3bc410e952e91e01
ff0084fb54ce97e0bff84aaf74aff84a75156b2d0fedd740c4003fa48ff8279ffc155fe1afedc1ff
0004f1f0b7fc1417c5ff000ffc53fb3f786353f1078c3c2de25f045d695f12fe233d86bbe1ff0089
d77f0e3c3f63f0e3c416df093c1ba9fc791e33ba9fc3169a4ddfc23f05788ecbfe161eb5ac7c1eb5
b9d4be227827c55a458f59f197fe0a2fe008ff0063ff00dbcbe387ecf27c4373f183f63afd96be2a
fc769fe187ed11f013f683f80daee9fab685f0a3e25f8e7e166a1e34f853f1abc1df04fe295efc38
f1c6b7f0db5ed36d75fd0e1d334ef1147e1cf15e97a078a6df56d1afe4d3ff0031ff00e0995e0efd
b2ff0061dff8205fc3cf82765f07fe24f813f6b4fd9e7c7fad782bc71e14bcf84faff8ff00c53e19
f05fc57fdb157e23fc44f89bf0c7c23a469dac697f1e350f00feccbf1a757f889e16b1f85eff0014
349d6be217852f3e194da57887e20f877c5df0cecbcbfe27c5f197c49e1fff0082c1e850d9ff00c1
443f6a01fb5d7fc12447c12fd9bbe257c75fd88bc77f0e3c61e2cf883f07be1b7fc14abc45e2ef84
bff089fc2afd893f66ad13e1dbc5aa7c67f05d87c3ab1f8c5e0ed23c59f173c5de3b5d2be1a78b7e
201bed0bc21e1a00feacebf9b9ff00827e7fc149bfe0a1bfb4c7ec3dfb1dff00c140be295cfec87a
9780bf693f8f1e08f845e29f809f0aff00678f8c7e10f1cf84347f187edbb61fb17dc789f44f8b9e
26fdb0be255b6b3fd80daaa7c5fd510fc0a7b2b4d1b46d43c29a9dde976b75ff0009f697fd2357f2
fbff0006d57fc12afe0efecddfb08fecddfb477c54fd973e207c14fdbbbc4173f17eefe2cdcfc52b
9f8dde06f1ddb5c691f183e377807c0526bbf073c6de20d3fc39e18f37e0d6a3a345a6243e02d253
5bd1f51d3fc552adfea17d06b53007e9daff00c14f7e0f7c38f8dbfb6c7c2cfda175cbcf0ad87ecd
1f1f3c1be07d0f58f017c13f8f5f1134df0afc1ff12fec7ffb2afc7997e247ed0fe33f879e12f887
e0cf853a37fc27ff00187e2a585a78f7c7d7bf0c3c0ebe04f00de5d4be71f01f8efc5327d53f1bff
006c2f819fb3df882dfc29f112f7e28dff0089a7f0e41e2f9b41f84bfb3bfed0ff00b41eada4f85a
eaff0055d36cf5ff001258fc02f859f132e3c2ba55f5d681e22fb05ef89134a86fadbc35e26beb46
9acbc39addc587e6e7ed0bf08fe28eb5fb2c7fc1c7da168bf0cfe206ade24f8e89f1ba3f82da2699
e0ef125feb1f185352ff0082327ec75f0bf461f0b74bb5d3a6bcf881fda5f13fc3be29f875a79f09
5beac6fbc77e1fd77c216e65d7f47bed3adbd0ff006d8f8bbfb52681fb4de8ff000d3c2de2ff00da
97e0efc04d4be0a784b5cf08fc41fd943f64993f68cf1578fbe37eb1e2bf8c1a7f8cbc09e2ff001d
eaff00b35fed5bf0efe07691e12d3bc35f019f4bd7fe227c3bd0744d4f4df8ade38d47fb5f554f0a
dd6a3e0300fa6f53ff0082937ec4b65e03f83df11f4af8eda57c40f0efed0c7e202fc03b1f839e12
f889f1c7c73f1b5fe146b51e81f13a2f849f0bfe0e7843c73f133e22cff0fb5291bfe13283c21e11
d5e6f0e69f6ba86b3aac76ba3699a85fdaf7daafed99f00740f857e15f8bde26d67e22784b43f1cc
9aadbf827c0be31f807f1fbc21fb4278c2f745f13c3e0fbfd2fc2ffb2bf89be18e95fb4d6bfac0d6
aeec1ed346d2be125deaba9e87aa691e2ad32cef3c2dabe99acddff309fb007ecb5e0cf85dff0004
a1ff008279f803f6c3f841fb79fc06fdb8bf634f157ed7f0fc0df11fc17fd8ebf6a7f8d7e2af841e
3ff1f7c73ff85c875dbfd23c07fb37fc79f81dae7867c65e0ff18fc2db1b0d77e25f877c49e07d42
54f881e1af0aeb565f103e1f7c47b6f037d35f10fe03ff00c143bf697f0aff00c123ff006e3fda9c
fc5dfd9b3f686fd92355fdb567fda5b4ff00d953e17fc32f885f137c19a27c70f1468df0a3c0badf
813e18f89fc19fb5547e29bdb7f857e1dd37c49aa7873c2bf073e31eadae69b7fadc305b782f5a9b
4bd7f4200fe88be057ed01f097f694f0227c48f835e27b9f13f857fb5f51d02edf54f0bf8bfc0de2
1d1f5cd2bc892ef48f11f82bc7fa0f85fc6be18d44d95e69dabd9da7887c3fa64fa9f87f56d17c45
a6a5de85ad695a8de709e13f8d7e2ad77f6d0f8fbfb39de69fe1f8fc13f0aff660fd913e35f87b54
b6b5d453c5579e2af8fdf15bf6ddf02f8c74fd66fa5d566d22e3c3fa6e91fb35f816e3c336b63a1e
9da8d9ea3ab78b26d5355d66dafb47b3d07c8ffe09f5e15f03e95e0cf8e5e38f09fc4ffdafbe30eb
df18fe3dc9f103e26f8f7f6d4fd9cf57fd977e29eabe38d1be07fc0ef845616fa07c31d4bf654fd8
eec8f8034cf86df0bbe1f69da5788fc3df09ae747d5bc456de2a867f17eb1afd8eb963a478df8dbe
35689fb35ffc1493f687f1d7c4af86dfb4feade09f8a5fb107ec29e13f0478c7e0a7ec6bfb5c7ed3
3e15d4bc55f0afe3cffc147f58f881e19d43c43fb36fc12f8b1a4786bc41e1ad23e2c7c39d52eb46
f145e68da8dc69de2ed2afac2daeed9e696100fae3e3e7eda5fb3a7eccfe21d07c23f16fc5de28b4
f15f88f41d4fc57a7f863c05f087e32fc68f10dbf85746372753f14ebda2fc17f87ff10352f0b786
6d60d3b5abd7f10789edb48d21f4cf0d78bb558af1f4df08789eeb49d3d63f6bdfd9f345f821e16f
da264f1bea1ac7c2ef1cdce97a6f826e7c1fe01f891e3bf1cf8c7c41ac5d5dd8daf837c2bf07fc15
e10f107c60f1178fe0bdd3757b4d5be1ee91e04bcf1be8373a178860d7340d3a4f0f6b6b61f9cde3
3fda3b5bf879fb537883f6b6f05fecdffb527c54f849fb4b7ec85f0b7e16f873c9fd963f6acf0d78
e7c1ff0010bf65bf897fb6e6b11f87fc71f0866f8157bf1a3c011fc51f11fc7ef05787749d77e297
c3df02f87a0f0d37fc2caf0e6a5e28f07c1ae6a5a473de16f03fc50f865fb357ec49f1f7c57f09be
298b8f857ff051bfdab3f6d3f899f0a7c31f0efc6be39f8a5e12f857fb66ebbff0505d3edadc7c32
f04786fc4df16fc45abfc33d17f6cef0a6bba8f857c39f0ef50f88f7c7c313e9de20f067842e24f1
23785803ee4f1e7ed8b05adefec27aff0081b4bd5343f86dfb51fed2bf123e11f8eeebe3cfc26f8b
df02fc7be13f03fc3ffd907f6cff008ef75aec7e00f8c9a37c2bf1df80354ff84f3f66af0dc2baa7
c43f0549a3eaff000db53d635ad174d9ecbc43e17f18d97d4bf0dbe2cfc3df8c1a66bbae7c35f114
7e2dd03c3de2dd7fc0f79e22d3b4fd5e3f0e5ff893c2b711d8f892dbc33e21bdb0b5d17c65a7e89a
bb5cf87b52d7fc237dae787ed7c53a4f88bc2b2ea8be23f0cf8874bd33f293fe0a13f05f44ff0082
997c35fd823c21e1fd17e3ce81f0a7c7dfb59fc5b7f1df88f57f819f15be1378ff00e17f8520ff00
827e7fc143be1b5af8c3e207c36f8ddf0f3c1fe38f87be1abdf8a1aa783fc2761a878ffc29e16b3f
163f8cbc250785b58cf8e7c1fac5f7d65fb10ffc25df083c1965fb1b78fbc19e28d32eff0066ad0e
c3e1cfc28f88b0f817c690f80fe2f7c02f02683e0ed07e1cf8fae3c6b159f883e1af87fe225cda6a
0fe16f157c376f88f75e34d4357f06ebbf10ed3c1be15f09ebd69e1ef0e807977fc36b7c53ff0087
d07fc3ba3fb03e1fff00c292ff0087607fc36b7fc253fd95e23ff85a7ff0b4ff00e1ab7fe145ff00
607f6dff00c257ff000897fc2bff00f844bfe263fd95ff00083ffc247ff091ff00a5ff00c257fd99
ff00128afaa7e3bfed7ffb3cfecd977a7e95f167c737f63e24d52c46b169e0af04f80be23fc5ff00
885ff08d25bf882eef3c6975f0efe0ff00847c77e39d3fc01a45af853c4571e20f881a8787ed7c15
e1c8b49bb7d7b5ed39554bfe3bfc6bd63c41f007fe0e1dd3ff006a5f1d7c1afda7f5dfd9f352ff00
8230dafc01b7f8aff053f648fda83f694f0ac7f196f3f6e0d57e2243f0f750b8fd9cfe117c54b9d2
7c409e09d1af3c49750ea96b67058e9d3694f7d716f26bba1c7a8daf8a1a878c3c3fff00052df077
fc156bc0df057f693f893f027c67ff0004dbf13fec5fa678347ecc5fb44785fe2869bf15f4ff00da
0fe26fc5cd0e6f157c14bff8552fed2de08d2bc49ac783b46f048f13f8dbe09f87be1de99a1f8df4
6f88b3f8c9b429f4a3ab007ebf6b5fb5ff00ecf5a1fc11f097ed0f378e6ff56f85de3ebdd1f48f03
5cf847c05f11fc73e38f1978935dbdbad3ac7c19e16f843e0bf08ebff17b5ff1fc57fa7ead67ab7c
3fd2bc0b75e35f0fdce87e21875ed074d93c3dadad873f75fb73fecb9a67c07d53f695d77e245ef8
53e10787be217853e1478b359f1a7c3af8a5e09f14781be23f8d7e257847e117877c1bf10be17f8b
7c15a37c53f87bae5cf8f3c79e0fd36fed3c6de0bd04e85a56bf61e2ed79b4cf07bc9af47f9c1e1c
f027c52f86dfb367ec37f1e3c53f097e2979ff000bff00e0a4bfb53feda5f13fe15786be1df8dbc7
1f13fc1ff0aff6cbd77fe0a0f69630b7c34f03f877c47f16b5ed5be19e99fb65783f5bd4bc35e1ff
0087d7ff0010aebfe11a9ec7c4be0cf08bb789ff00e117f26fda2753f89563fb207ed8dfb4d787be
0f78f25d57e39ffc1623fe09a7f1c3e047c23f883e1bf14fc1df1b78f345f867fb4cff00c12b3f67
df03d96a9e1cf89be1df0e78fbe1edcfc55f137ecf77ba9db5a7c42f0378735af0fc5e2787ccd1b5
0d16d74cd6f5b00fd82f85bfb6b7ecebf18fc6f65f0f7c11e26f1b0f126b306a579e1493c69f047e
39fc2df0bfc42b0d2ada7bf9b53f859e3cf8a1f0dfc1de05f8ada4dee9567a9ebba16adf0dfc47e2
9d3bc4be1dd13c43e22f0f5d6a9a1f8775cd434f93c1ff00b667c0af883f17ef3e09781dfe31f8af
c53a778abc71e07d47c5fa17ecc3fb4e6a3f00f4ef18fc347d7ed3c7de19d43f6a3b6f83effb3458
eb7e13d73c2de20f076b5a7dd7c5a8ae6d3e216993fc3968cf8f1a1f0ec9f155b7c5df89bfb5afed
21fb07594bfb38fc6cf8512fece3f147c5bf1e7e3d6b1e3bf85df173c25e0af0978d66fd91bf6adf
d9cf5cf855e18f1f7c48f867f0ff00c13f15f4fd3fc5bf1ebc277fa1fc45f84de22f19e89e31b28a
e6f3c3569a8f8734ff0010f88b43e13e11c1e25f863ff05051e0bfd94ee7f6b26f80bf12be3dfed0
7e34fdaf3e1afc60fd93be23f807f67df0678bbc4be12f8bbe2bf1c7c62f82ff00b45fc57fd9e3e1
ceabe39bdf187ed19a2fc21d37c3da5f82be3d7c5cf875aff85fe2378cb5cf873e169fc11a6d9ebf
e0300fdb8a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a280
0a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a2be17f
dbbbf682f117c2df87fa07c20f82de35d03c35fb5bfed2face9bf0d7f66ed3f51d2f4ff12eb76d71
a878d7c05e16f8a9f17f40f066b0d0e87e324fd9bfe1e78e750f8ddacf8775fbbb3d0354b1f092e9
fae5c47a4de5e489f32fc3ff00f82987c46b5ff827b697fb577c67fd9eae346f8fde1efda0be0bfe
cf5f19ff00663f0dea7e233e25f879e2cf8ebfb52fc26f82de11b6582cfc25e30f13eafe235f843f
1d3e197c72d2bc1da5f86b51d53c676de20d1fc2fa5cfa6cfafdbea76001ec5fb5b7fc123bfe09eb
fb74fc66f057ed07fb547ecfbff0b4be2f7c3bf0a685e08f0778bbfe16bfc6ef047f63f85fc33e28
f1178cf44d33fb03e1cfc49f08f86350fb17897c59e20d4bedbaa68b7da8dcfdbfec7777771616b6
56b6dfa2b616169a65a45636317916b0799e545e64926df324799fe799e491b74923b7cce719c0c2
8007e3c6abff00052efda63c0ff0ab4bb0f8b7fb008f871fb73fc61f1e78f3c2ff00b1dfec2d2fed
59f0ff00c51e23fda8fc39f0d3c35f0a7c47e38f1ae9df19bc3fe04b8f02fc2db2f0b5bf8efc5f37
882c3c7da7daff0064687f0ea6f14dddfa687e24b2b9b0f8cbf6a7ff0082967fc147be13fed15ff0
460d1753fd97357f83bf107f6b3d2ffe0a68bf1eff00e09dfa1fc49f845f1baffe2178c3e05fc30d
26e3f661f0bb7ed3de19f86de21b5f08e9da96b3a9e83f11b59f1af8393c37e19f05e8fe29bfb6f8
bb7573e1af066bb796601fd2fd15f90fe0ff00f82817c5af1ffecbb7ff0011be2d7ecffe27fd943f
680f877fb7afec65fb24fc66f805a1fc60f87ff1375cf87fa97ed01fb49fec7fa1e9b06a3f13afbe
0ef883c05e24d0bc5ff047f69ff0478cfc53a57853c289af3f83bc53a9f837c27f137e16fc535b5f
883e01cafd843fe0a1dfb567c60b4ff8286f8a3fe0a0bfb1d7853f608f077ec4de2ff0a59c93dbfe
d05e0cf8f874ed14fecd5e0bfda07e2868be39d7fe1fc32586a3a9fc3df0778b7c17f150f8e3c3da
4e93e1cd63c21f1a7c3df0dec7c3f378e7e0e7c40f10789803f6368afc9efd997fe0a51e3df893f1
cfc33f017f6aafd95750fd8bbc61f1b23d5eeff649b2f167c59b7f88dac7ed29a7fc3ef09f893c4f
f1be7d2742d23e1df8626f87d7bf085742b35d5f46f1a5ddaeabade8fe20d17c4fa55b7f636a7a44
baa79ef853fe0a67fb59fc7ef19eabe25fd89bfe09d36dfb577ec5d77f0f3e2a6b7f0d3f6cad37f6
c7f859f09f43f8a1f14be1f7c29f186bba27c2bd0be127c47f03d878e6dacbc5bf1f7c39a5fece37
7f137ed17de0ff00086b5ac6abe37d5da7d1fc1dafe971007ed1d15f807ff04cdff82b67ed17fb52
ff00c12e3e137ede5fb4afece1e01f0778abe28fed7ff073f66af08d87c30f1bdce99e06f88de04f
8d3fb66fc21fd90adfe37687a26b175f123c59f0fbfe15ef8bbe2678c746d4fe1b78c75cd5758f1c
6b1f05b50f1069daf7847c25f143c353786fefdfda3bf6e7ff00867fff0086faff008b5dff00096f
fc30e7ec01e0dfdb9ffe476fec1ff85a1ff096ff00c36a7fc5aeff0091475aff00842bfb3ffe18ff
00fe476ff8ab7ed7ff000b13fe451b6ff844bfe2a600fbfe8afcd5d2ff006ecf8b76be06fda53e2c
fc4bfd90bc59f093e14fc36d3be13e9bfb34788fc6be39bad23c5bfb577c54f8a1aaea7e048fe164
7f08b5af871a27c54f821aa5afc64baf871f0bbc35ac78efc2ba8d97c41bbf891a67897c336f2e83
a65ccd7191f033fe0a09f13353f82bfb55f8e7f6d1fd95e6fd8afe30fec91f0eafbe36fc44f810ff
0019f46fda26edfe054fe0df1b78a3c1df14ec7c7ff0afc111685a9e97e32d43e15fc59f0c5a68de
14d3bc59ade9fac7c3bd72cee6d25d4cc3a5100fd41a2bf3a3fe09f5fb59fed65fb59e93f11fc4ff
00b467ec39a47ec87e0cd1bfe1101f07bc57a17ed79f073f6abd2fe35b6a173e34b0f884b6cdf09b
48d2c7814fc36d4fc3ba069f37f6fbdd7fc24f3f8a251a5791ff0008eea424f51fdb0ff687f8e7f0
1bc33a127ece9fb26f8bff006bdf8ade2d835eff00845be1d687e2e7f85be1c9afb40b8f0e34b67e
2ef8cdadf82bc51f0d7e19457fa56b1aa6a1a46a1f10f54f0e59eb573a05ce8da23ea7a94e62b500
fb1a8afc83d0ff00e0a83e3db2fd8fbe237ed09f17bf646f10fc2cf8dff067f6adfd9f3f654f8bdf
b2adafc47bbf88de29f06f89bf686f8a9fb31f857c2f7f63e31f077c2db81e37d5bfe1557ed53f0e
fe30695e13f04f83b5cb8f10bde59fc3b8756b0f135d6a13e8927c0cff0082ad5af8a7e3c7c70f80
bfb517c0bbbfd8fbc43f0a7f67ff00885fb65f8724f1a78f750f17ea3e35fd89fc17e27d07c29a6f
ed1baf68369f0d3c352fc2d875bd56f7c4b6dab7c29f17df9f8a9e0bb9f095e5b6bfe1a5378925b0
07ebc515f82bf15bfe0a51fb646bd3f8235cf873fb1fea7f0dff0064ff00893fb5dfec2bf0fbe0cf
edd167f18bc01f10f4bf8d3f07fe347edcbfb34fc2ed77507f809a87c3a3e33f86be1af8d7f087c6
bf11343f0ff8bfc5b369ff00d9506a3a06bbe10f10a7883c4be01d526fdeaa0028afc796fda7ff00
6951fb722f8eff00e134d03fe1df3ff0d003f6056f0bff00c219e1f363ff000b80fc3e3ad0fda23f
e16c7da3fe137fed8ff86b42bfb02ffc2b01a6ff00c2023c5a7fb6cea63c540c55a3f167fe0a2dfb
4d697f187f68df833fb337fc13d3c63fb50ebffb36fc77f017c2cf15eab61f196d7e157862f3c0fe
28fd99be06fed11e24f8870f8c3c5ff0b2f3c107c57e1193e38e8fe10b7f81fa3f8abc41f11bc576
7630f8c748823b1d4df4ad3003f5d6b81f893f0bfc0df177c3ba77853e21e87ff090e81a4f8fbe14
fc50d3ec3fb4f58d27ecfe39f823f147c1df1a3e17eb9f6ad0f50d32f65ff8463e25f807c25e25fe
cc9ee64d1f5afec9fec7f10e9fab6817fa9e9579f9e7f163fe0a33e2ef07fc01fd967e27fc2dfd9a
354f8d7f167f698f8d9e3ffd9b17e02e89f119b42d53c0df1efe17fc14fda97c75e3ef8737fe3393
e1e6b3a7dfc9e0df8c1fb2e7897e0778bbc51a8e89e19f08f8623bbd67e28eb1addaf84fc21796ba
9fce5f123fe0a77f1b13f642fdbdb45f8a1f07ad7f60ff00f8287fc0efd82bf6adfdadfe1a7c0bbb
f8a3e07fda3f5cd33e1b7c36f879ab5bfc34fda16dfc43a5781a1f85bad68737c5168b4797c25ab5
a6b7f63d67c3f77a3f8934abc864beb38003f75e8afe733f63ff00f82a478c356f8c5fb2e784ff00
690f1ef8d65d1353ff0083733e097fc1523e3d78f6ff0052f835a27c1d93c617be29f0ce9bf14bc7
b7bf0dfc29fb37d97c56d23c6af692ebbacdcea5e1afda02d3e0d58785cbe83a37ecdf078922b6f1
aa7dbbfb3b7ede5fb567c75f17fc59f175f7fc13eb57f0a7ec4fa57c1df1bfc5efd9a3f6bbd0ff00
68af08fc49d53f6aab2d26fb40b9f86da6785bf663f0df80adfe37f83a3f8bfe09d435af1b785353
d4b4bd6cc967a3e99a6e9da76b975e2ed0259c03f55a8afc4cb0ff0082987edc70fc52bcf0078d7f
e0951e27f87fa1fc49d07e335a7ec67e2df127ed51e0bb1bbfda9be31780be0afc4cf8e7f0d3e0be
a9e10d47e16e99abfece3e21f8b7e11f843e3f9eeb53f8d7368b17c338742925f14e9f3de5f693a6
6a357f676ff8284fed5ff177f622bdfda17f69bfd9a0feca3f132cff00e0a7df0ebf639d33c07f0d
7e337c35f888754f035eff00c14a7e117ec77afdeea3e29d43c13f143c3ea3c23e22f127c44f821f
15edad344d2b59f8aebf0abc63f127e0a78a7e04d9fc59f85de29f86c01fb7b457e4c7ed35ff0005
2bf889f02be3df89bc09e06fd93753f8c9fb3cfc0d8fc277bfb647ed4b6df16adfc15e1afd96349d
4f44d0fc75e37bcf10782afbe1ceb9a878faf7e1d7c25f1cfc31f8b1ace87e0ef104babcfe0bf1c1
d5e4b5d374cf0c788b51b3f0ef8e9ff0595f1e687fb53781ff00658fd8f3f630d47f6d8f137c5cff
008275780bfe0a17f06b5cf0afc7087e1869be3ef0b78efe31bfc3eb6f0add5cf893e12ebbe1cf03
6830f816deefe24597c4bf1a78af47b0d67527d1be195a786a3f16789bc3efa8007eec515f91fe2f
ff008297fc4ad33f629f829fb40f81ff0064f83c71fb507c6ef8dbe22fd98740fd8defff00680f0c
f80a3b3fda53e1c789be31f853e317c21b9fda33c51e068be1c437df0ef57f803f1674eb7f146afa
4689e11f1d6b1e18b6d13c1dac6a5a8f8a3c2116bdf787ecb7f117e3a7c58f813e05f881fb4a7ece
c3f650f8d5e20ff8498f8cfe010f8bbe0ef8ee3c06ba5f8c7c41a3786987c56f005969de12f150f1
5f8474ed03c6c3fb26ce1fec31e24ff8472ffccd4f47bc96400fa028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028
a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028
a28a0028a28a00fc71d67f639fda3ff6b2fdac75efda5fe2f7c4ff008e7fb0fea7fb377883c69f09
3f64e83f67dd5bf647f8831fc47f86da85ef8eac354f8f7e336f8cdf037f68a4b1d4fe25f83fc55a
368361f0e752d1fc3175e035f0fdfea73c1a86adafc12e85e07f1fbf632fdb87e1ff00c59f09f877
e136b1f14bf6e2f861fb48fed67ff04e8f8ddfb4b7c62f8ebe25fd92be1a78dbf67d8ff630fdadfe
067c48d73c41e1bd03e12fc3bfd9c346f1fe85e2cf849f0e748b29bc2fa47c3fd53c43a2dcfc3ebf
bfd3751f116b9e35834487fa0aa2803f28bfe0a2ff00b2ff00c56f167c5cfd913f6fbfd9dfc0571f
1cff0068dff827aafed017df09ff0066997c5de12f86da17c778ff0069cf0bf827e137c41f0feabf
14bc67aae9fa27c3dbfd07c01a7ebbae786b5fbeb3d66c63d722b617ba4ea51aae997ff2f78a3e0f
fedd9fb577edd9ff000426fdb5be2c7ec77ff0cd9ff0cd9ff0f3cff86b5f869ff0d07f077e317fc2
82ff0085c5f076dfe137c06ff8acbc35a9f873fe169ffc2d3ff84734dd7ffe2da78535dff841ff00
b77fb2bc65fd97fd973ea53feff51401f903f12ff65cf8ede20ff86d5fec8f037daffe16dffc15ff
00fe0983fb51fc3eff008a9bc1d6ff00f0907c09fd9dff00e1d11ff0b8bc73fe95e2187fb2bfe10f
ff00865ff8e9ff0014ceb7fd9be31f107fc20fff0014b787b5bff849bc1fff000907a1ea3fb24f8c
fe266adff0578f805e3ed26efc3df027f6f9d1740d77c2ff001974dd5bc3b77aa26abf177f62af05
fec55f17bc0561e098755b9d6e0b9f851a37ecede04f89163e2ef10ae83a6f8c6efe343785b47d3b
1f0ef56d7358fd3ba2803f92dff82747fc12d343fd92ff00e0a09f04bc67e1dff820b68ffb3ee9fe
0983e22c8dff000502d03fe0a6fe25f887a4f8126f137c1bf883a33c169fb2278bfe317c4dd7fc43
ff00091ff6fafc1c9e5bbd4f594d32e7c4937c48b61a75ae970c163f7b7fc1387e117ed99ff04e2d
6be0b7fc1317c2dfb1c5c7c53fd817e19afc45bed33fe0a2da97ed17f08bc27aee8b1f8f2dbc77f1
ceebc3faff00ecb0b71e21f891e25bf4f8d9e26bdf85d69afe8dac68b631687ad691e24b8d25ec3c
3fa9df6aff00bb945007f3bdfb247fc13e7f697fd997fe090765fb09c9e0c5f157c46fd8e3f68ff8
69f19ff67cd424f10f80f45ff86aeb2f839fb57fc23ff828ae8b6179690f8df5ad0be09c5e2ff8b0
be35fd98279fc53e2fd62ef44b3f068f8c7258dde91e21d2bc306c788be0affc143bf6a4f855ff00
0579f19fc6dfd95b44f81ff137f6b8ff008253f833f65af801f05747f8c1f0b3c772b7c4af07c1ff
00052ed2dbc07acfc4ad33c703c337faa6b1a87c7bf86be2e8fc6bace9df0e7c15a6e8ff0013f49f
083cd7faa7c3cf1bf8925fe8668a00f897fe0a31fb27f873f6defd8d3e32fecd7e2bd00f8c344f19
c7e02f144de053aadee816df116f7e0ffc50f057c68d1be1a6a5e21d33c45e11d57c3ba37c49d6be
1ee9fe05d73c45a4f8a7c3bab681a3f882fb57d2f5ad36fecadeee2fca2ff8255fec9be24fd8abe1
5fedfda9fc28ff00821fff00c30c78d3c41f0d7c13ab7c3ff85bff000f2bb0fda6bfe1b67c67e09f
097c6cbdf0efc35ff84dfc49e23f15695fb377f60ebfaed9f84bfe132d6e3834ad53fe16bff6f5f4
57765e059521fe8de8a00fc3ff00f822f7ecc7f16ff67ed3bf697f1078ebf62593fe09cfe0cf8a5e
23f86373e12fd939ff00694f0afed7ab65e2bf07681e24d23c75f1a62f8eba26b5ab6af2c7f13746
bef877e173f0db588edac7c192fc2b935ed19ee25f1deb0b6dd07fc164ff00679fdaa7f685f00fc2
fd0be087c2c6fda7fe09d92f8e2c7f69dfd8ba0f1cfc37f8217dfb50787b5fd63e182782bc3f6ffb
4a78db58d3b5ef81f6fe06b9d33c51e34d4750f0359deeade31b1b19bc26f7ba15ddee91a9c7fb41
45007f323fb237fc1397e39fecdff007f680fd993e1bfec77a4fc06f845ae7fc1497fe097ffb68fc
25f0d68df1d747f8816367e1df87ff00b4afec657ffb54f8761d43c73f157c7de36913e18f82ff00
645bef8e6daaf8b3c62fa8f8dae7e2e5cfc38f86de19babcf03d8586b3ef7fb517fc13c3e34fed2b
ff00055bfda2be24ea5e1ebbf0efeca9f1ff00fe0819f173fe09e17ff1af4fd7bc0f797fa17c69f8
abfb4878835ebaf0f597806ebc4f6de37bbbbd33e1c6bd278b2db5eb8f0ec1e079e6813459bc4f16
aeed62bfbe745007f379a47c34ff00829b5bfc2efd9cbfe09e76ff00b0ce8da2fecd1fb1efc70ff8
270e8be1bfdae351fda27e0cebbadfc74f819fb12fed89fb2c789d7c616df056c3c61a5788be15f8
8f50f84bf0cb51f88faf5b6b3a978ceeae7fe106f11784340f0b49e25f1e784edf41fdbbfdac74af
8b9e22fd9e3e27f84be0669f15efc4ef1de8f61f0ef43bf96e3c3d17fc21fa6fc43d7b49f0478bfe
26c36be2bbab2f0feb977f09fc17aff887e26d8f84f52b98e2f195e784a0f09c425b8d66189fe88a
2803f141bfe0957f1abfe1951fe0aaff00c148ff006c6fb63694fe3bff00841ffe15effc13f7fe15
a7fc2ef7f181f8d867fb1ffc31d8f899ff000829f8e64ebdff0008affc2f91a87f607fc52c3e208b
1ff89a57c51fb2378dbfe0ab9f01359fdbc34df873fb2e7817f69ef14f87bf6d7f865f043c6be0ab
ff0088bf0c3e0ef88e1bbf07ff00c1373f612f06f87bf6b0bdf1ddff00c449bc117fe1cf157c3ef0
87c37f1deb3fb3af863c2967e20b2d5fe236a1a2597c44d1e5f0c5f69767fd4351401fcf7fc6cf00
fed27fb3b7c1bff825c49e01f87ba3f8cbf6a6d43fe0a4ff00b5c7ed3ba8fc15d5b5af0ee9ba2ea7
f143f68cfd90bfe0ad7fb52fc4af80ba7f8dff00e12d4f0ae8b6f06abf14bc51f097c21f13af7c43
aa689a2c90e8be3cd534af115ada5cf86b52f31f889fb137ed9ffb66e9bfb7d7edb3f1abf67293f6
6ffdac3e2fff00c122bf6aaff8260fc1efd90ac3e30fc24f8afa3788b4ef1847a87c47f00f8f6f3e
37687e25d2bc2361ae78e7e26eb9ac78721d275bb5f0e68fe15d0bec1278875902d67d62ff00fa5e
a2803f951f825ff049ff00da83c47f19fe11787be34fc3fbbf871f0735dff83547c03ff049ff008b
3f10f4ff00197c30f12dff0080ff006a0d53c57a4d8f8f3e1fd9787344f1bdf6b3afddf85fc2d3ea
bae5b78cb48b2bcf861aacd6296361e37b8ba9e285feebfd98ecbfe0a43e02f843f12ffe09e07f64
283e07fc2afd9bbf634f187c08fd8e7fe0a1d27c7af81ff135be2ef8c7e177857c3df093f676d5b5
6fd9322bc9fc43e0fd5b58f0b347e3ff00107fc275e341e139757f04ea1a26ad0e896fe2fd3ecb4a
fdc3a2803f907fd987fe0997fb4efc36fdb4ff0066ff00db63c51ff04e4d3f47fda9be167ed59ac5
87ed09fb545cfed67e0fd5b56fda97e12fc50f871f11fe00fc4efda0edbe0f68bf14dfe117c0bd06
3d2fe328f8eba67c14f097c36d77e235ab7c1ab6f86567e2bb99bc7d75abdbfeb4cbfb31fed0c9fb
367c4bf8131fc3659ee3c35ff0590f85bfb4e7c38d7478bfc1313fc4bfd9e7c53ff0564f821ff051
df89bf1264d35fc42d0f841be15e99e37f8d3f0e13c21acea8de36f1b43f03e2f15e85e1e8afbe24
7867c1d17ec7d1401f837fb607c04fdb76ff00e267ed8dfb3a7c0efd9ef4cf89ff00b2a7fc15112c
ad7f680fda12ebe267c38f087893f660baf891fb38fc2afd8cfe27eb9e1ff87de24f1969fe20f8ab
65e12f82df01f43f16e8da2699a5e93757de35f888248753d4ec7c237ba0eb343f65eff8278fc6af
d9affe0ab9fb3b7c4bd3bc3b77e20fd957e017fc1033e11ffc13c6c7e355febde07b3bed73e357c2
bfda43c3fafdaf876f7c056de27b9f1bdaddea5f0e7424f165cebd6fe1db8f03c134efa345e27975
755b16fdf3a2803f013f691fd9c3f6858bfe09b5f11ff6721ff04f793f6e5d6be357edf3fb737897
c59f02a2fdacfc09fb31cbe1af821f1b7f6e8fdae3f690f855f1f23f8a336af71a7ead259e8faffc
1ed5d3e17d96ab61e2a99bc722c7c4f67a6dc7863c53a045fa3bff0004def83df103e017ec49f007
e117c4ef0e49e07f15f837c39aedb2fc37975ad03c532fc23f0a6a9e35f136bbf0f7e0b49e34f0cd
f6a5a47c4093e0bfc3fd53c31f0adfe24c77925f7c476f081f1ceb096fac7882feda2fb7a8a0028a
28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a0028a28a00fcc3ff828ff00c438fc67a77803fe09ede1ebdd42c7
c71fb7dd878b3e166abad685a79d5b59f067c0fb7bcf0b5b7ed0de20821bed0b52f09691abdd7c0a
d67e270f056b1e33d5b49b78bc49a39bcf0f68de3cd5b479bc2b71f23ebff173e3a7c44fd843c2fe
0dfdaa8e910fed45f057fe0a77ff0004b0f03fc64b4d2344b3f0bdacb2788bfe0a6ffb0efc52f87d
abda786f4ed475cd2acb4dbcf871e3ef0c6971dee89e24f12e95a8eafa16b9e66ab69e20b5f10786
bc3decbfb497fc112bf640fdbe3e34788fe37ffc1453c2ba77ed4de23d3f4f8fc09f03b4ed0f51f8
c3fb3f695f07fe0ee9fe2bf1a78bb4af085fafc2af8db6571f12bc6135ff008d6e60f12f8ff5f9b4
fb3d52db44d0c681e0af08bff6db6b7e7be0cff82137ecfbfb365f59f87bf60cd7b4ff00d94be08f
8bbe377ec67f1c3f681f849aae83f11ff681b8f8a5e20fd8a3f697f0d7ed1ff0f9bc21f10be277c7
33e25f855a87896ef4297c17e2ab958bc6da03e94745d574cf09d96a5a76b43c5001fa25f14bfe0a
13fb02fc0ef1debbf0b7e35fedc3fb207c1ff89be17feccff849be1d7c52fda5be0bfc3ff1df877f
b6f47d3fc45a37f6ef847c59e35d23c41a47f6bf87f57d2b5dd33fb434fb7fb7e8fa9e9fa9daf9b6
57b6d3cbe05ff051ff008871f8cf4ef007fc13dbc3d7ba858f8e3f6fbb0f167c2cd575ad0b4f3ab6
b3e0cf81f6f79e16b6fda1bc410437da16a5e12d2357baf815acfc4e1e0ad63c67ab6936f1789347
379e1ed1bc79ab68f37856e3f4f2bf243f6b8ff822bfec39ff000507f8f3ad7c76fdbabe1bff00c3
41ea1a5f83fc1ff0dfe0bf87adfc61f17be1159fc27f007874eb7aeebba75d5f7c27f8abe169fe20
f883c61e3df15f897c417de20f10416b6da46831f85bc2da2685673e8daef88bc5c01e4f67fb6dfe
d9df0a7f602f17788bc6de09f007c43fdbe3e0d7ed53fb2e7ece1e37f871ac69d1781fc37e2fbbfd
a9bf69ff00d9dbc21e1216761a4f8b21d17c2f3eabf073f68cd2f4af0af8b2dbc6fe24f06d978f74
19759f12cd7afa478c3c03a6fd05f18fe2f7edd1f023c13e0ebbf887f137f625f0e695afeb5e3ed4
3e297ed4de3ef87f7df08fe087ecc7e07d1b4df0241e057f19fc28f1cfedc51f88fe2cdff8b3c4b7
1e32b3bcd7bc2bf1c3c0d61a343ac784acefb40b59b44bbbff001a7ce7e0cff82137ecfbfb365f59
f87bf60cd7b4ff00d94be08f8bbe377ec67f1c3f681f849aae83f11ff681b8f8a5e20fd8a3f697f0
d7ed1ff0f9bc21f10be277c733e25f855a87896ef4297c17e2ab958bc6da03e94745d574cf09d96a
5a76b43c51f597edbdfb01ea3fb587c62fd917f685f06fc60b0f85bf167f630f107c4af137c32b4f
18fc35baf8aff0a3c4dab7c4e87c0363a949f11bc1de1ff88df06fc73aa43e1fb1f03adcf8660f0a
7c59f05a26bd7d05ef88bfe123d12c6e3c35aa007c4577fb6fdf7ed4bff049aff82bf78dbc777dfb
2e7ed2b6bfb387c27fdadfe155f7893e04eb3e227fd9b7f681d0b4ff00d83fc09f1f2ef4e175f0e3
e3e78fbc49a469457e32defc22f1d2fc3dfda2e7f11457de15d6b51d17c59e04f135c9d1fc2bfa3b
e01d674e9ffe0a49fb57f87a2f09f87ecf57d2ff00620ff827ceb37de3ab6b9f15378abc47a76bdf
1e7fe0a6d63a5f84f59b3bcf135d78260f0ff82ee7c39ac6b1e19b9f0f783b42f155d6a3e3df1645
e31f1378b348b3f02e97e0bfcf4fdaebe0b7c4af82bfb2f7fc14dfe13eb7e31f8a1fb4efc5aff82a
3fc34f8b769f0d342f83ff00b167c6bd52d7c3bf1c757fd903c09fb1eb5af8ebe23fc258be29fc2c
f863e04f10f85bc17f03a7f0ddd7c68baf845a3e9bae68ff0014fc4779f10bc45e1dbad421f861f7
5fed0fe09f8aff000475afdb27f6cdf80d60bf153e3afc44fd913e01fc05f825f03ee3c0bafebba4
dc7c60f823e3ff00dac3c43f0c754f136a3e1bf12e9da96a5e0bf1b78dff006b4d0b4bf1ba4b27c3
fd13e1e7843c09adf8c7c4df13b43f0dea3ab7887c0c01f7fd7f2b7f00bfe09ebfb23689fb5c7c38
f1dffc1587e18eb1e3cff82957877e2ffc28f19fecfbfb67ea77df19fe17fc37f8ebabf832f3c3da
cfc1eb9d23c19f02fc50bfb27fc36f11fc30f16e8fe1ff0084b07c32f1df8975ff00167c4af12693
e1cf106ada3dd41f177c21e1cd43faa4afce1d73f659fdb1be33def81344fda7ff006b0fd9fbc59f
0a3c1bf173e0c7c65bff0003fecfff00b1af8e7e077887c59e26f805f177c0df1e3e1b5aea9e3af8
93fb66fed2c74ed2ac3e287c33f05df6ab0687e19d3a7d63c329e24f0edc4e971ace9bad7878037f
fe0ac5ff0028b2ff0082967fd9807ed91ffacebf11abf0abe05ffc13cbfe09bdf0d7f6bafd9bf56f
f8258fecb7f1ff00f67bf8a5e0df899f0ffc77f167c6bf18b47fdb07e1049e1ff8676be2d8a7d72c
cfc11ff8288f85f42f12fc57d37e2a7c2af0e7c78f863a7f8b3e0cea3612fc30d57529bc5da947ae
6bfa4f8574893fa35fda63e01f8abf699fd9abf6c2fd9b7c43f10bc3fe1ad23f694f83ff0016fe0a
7817c51a37c3ed46e351f85be15f8b1f0417e1ade6a1e2cb0bef886f6df153c41a378db56f18f8de
daeb479be13e9d77e15d4bc33f0fe5d2a1d5fc35aa7c46f1737f681fd97fc3bf1b7c57f083e2d69b
ac1f067c77fd9e356d7759f821f11a7b0bdf13e8de1697c653f86adbe21691e22f000d7bc3fa4f8c
740f1f7853c387c15adc573a8699e20d1f47d5f50d53c0fe25f0978b22d37c436201f40f8b2dbc55
79e15f1359f81759f0ff00873c6d75e1fd66dbc1de21f16786751f1a785742f154fa75cc5e1ed67c
4de0ed1fc59e02d5fc59e1fd2f576b3bed67c33a5f8ebc17a8ebba74173a5d8f8b3c39737516b167
d057cabfb4ff008ffe3ffc1dfd9e7f696f88bf0a3c39a27c63f8bba7e877effb2d7c32d13e19f8e7
5279fc6bacf84fc2de13f87de12f89d07877c69a9ea5e36d36efe36ddeabe25f17f8ef4793e0bf85
bc25f09759b5b0f15dcf84ec3e1f78afe346b5f555007e30fc21fdaefe14fc01fdad3fe0aa5e0ef1
d784ff0069fd7757d4bf6dff0085de26b7bcf829fb117eda1fb4a78563d3af3fe0987ff04e8d2e1b
6d43c75fb39fc02f8a9e09d27c40973a35e4b75e13d53c4367e2ab1d3a6d2b58bed1adf48d7743be
d47cff00e107ed6d3e8507fc1467e3ff00c22f0f78823b6f1fff00c167bfe09dff000523d1be3bfc
1cf8cbf06bc5567e15f8fdf06bfe08cdfb2bfc44d4354f851f15f42f84df15bc29e20d3fc2df107c
55adf802ebc55e1cd3b4ebcd46dfc2de2f1a578b7c137d6f6daf7eaffc1bf817ff000a93e22fed63
e3ff00f84a7fe120ff0086a0fda03c39f1d3fb27fb13fb2bfe107ff847ff00658fd9a7f668ff0084
5bedff00dafa97fc24df6bff008677ff0084d7fb6fec7e1ffb3ffc261ff08e7f644dff0008ff00f6
f6b7f3f78ebf617ff84c747fdaeadadfe29b68fae7ed21fb61fecd9fb69f82b566f04aea361f0afe
247ecabe08fd8934cf863a16bfa39f16594bf133c2779f10ff00627f0cf8bfc616d67ab7c39d4b58
f0b78d758f02e97a8e81a8e976be3bbb00f96bf68fff00828d7ed07f087fe0a35f1e7f641f879f09
7c17f14bc23f0bff00e08b3f147fe0a35e06f0d69fa4f8c9be31fc46fda0fc15f1d75cf861e19f84
b63ace95afea3a2b782fc5fa669965616da4e9bf0e2fbc647c53a825d59ebf7369e5e82ecfd9dbf6
e0fda8fe297ecadf1abf6b09fc65fb31fc5cf187817f669f8b1e3f8bfe09f9f08fe097c4cf087ed2
bf08ff00695f02f83ecbc6517ecdff00177e226b1fb4d7c50bfd7bc4fe19d48ffc2b2f12e996dfb2
e7c2ff001178935df13785fc63a358787b4d92d3c2de21eb3c07ff0004e3fda1fc3dfb7ef8dffe0a
37e34fdb0bc01e3cf8e1e20fd807c45fb12f853c28bfb2a5ef857e12f827559be32d8fc61f067c48
fec2d33f68dbaf19f893c29a36a7a5dbc7e2ef867a978fe0f12f8bb55d5bc4da8685f193c03a05df
867c21e10ea7e187fc13ebe307863f6b2f8a3fb7dfc43fda2fe1878bbf6bbf1a7eca9af7eca9e14b
cf047ecdfe2df879fb39f86bc3cde2bf0df8ff00c17e2ef147c1cf107ed39f147e2578cf5fd0bc61
e1c84789ad345fda27e1fe99e2cf09ccba1e97078335c8a4f175c80735fb19fed69fb50fed1df053
c65f1e2ebe26fec95e37f16c1f067c65aa2fec3fe07f853e30f861f1d3e027ed27a4693a2eb49f02
7e3dfc62f1f7ed61e31d29efbc09a8de9f0078e64d63f679f82b36a5a86bfe1ef1ea4fe0df0f2c7a
16b7e5df0aff00e0a37f17e5fdb27f668fd9b7e25fc76fd80fc7be24fda07c5fe37f02f8ff00f664
f81fa969527ed35fb2b7897c31fb3d7c73f8ef7767f10b54d1bf6bbf8d4be3cb0f08dcfc16b3f007
89bc4717c10f85fe1cd4f55f88ba25f5aea7a0df69b69e1af14f6f73ff0004a4f127c51f8bff00b4
dfed15fb4afed1ba1f8afe377ed35fb0afc4ff00f827eeb77ff007e07dff00c10f86be18f847f11a
e74cd422f18697e05f897f1abf698f115efc52d0350b4ba2baadd7c478fc1ba9e9f2e9f692781ad2
eecaf753d5effc15ff008268fc6af837e1ff00d8a3c096bfb57f81757f875fb07fc6283e20fc25f0
ec5fb326a7a6eade2cf0bdc7c26f8bff0001bc47a67c52f12dd7ed15adcbac7c49f107c2af8f7f13
e3ff0084f3c17a77807c03a578fa6f07f8aec3e088f0ff0087353f02789c03cb743fda5be3a7c34f
827fb3cf86bf655f853f076cfc65fb4c7fc1647fe0a69fb30eb5a67886dbc7be21f0bf86740d07f6
85ff0082a5fc4bf17fc738ac35ef8cda06b1aaf8ad7c49f002dbe31fc42f08c5e3dd1fc37e288351
f883f0f7e1468bf0becf5df87d6fe02fd05fd8dfe337c66f89937ed3bf0f7e3e3fc39d43e267ecc9
fb465b7c11d57c51f0afc1fe22f87de11f1869de20fd9c7f677fda4740d6a0f03789fe24fc60d4bc
357f61a27ed0563e14d46dc7c4bf14db6ab73e1b6f11c2da11d6a4f0b685c87837f618ff00844bfe
19c7fe2e8ff687fc33ff00edff00fb6a7edcff00f224fd93fe12dff86c0ff86faff8b5dff2375cff
0060ff00c2bbff0086e3ff0091dbfe275ff096ff00c2afff009147c33ff09aff00c5247897c13f15
ff0066af12fc68f1dfc17b05f8b5e34fdb5ff6ff00fd98fc6da9f87af3c0bafc9a1fc24f8511fc26
fd923f671fda02ff005bd7346f12c3621bc35f00bf665f89bf143c27e3af146a3e0cd023f887e26f
06fc3c8bc35e3cf11af87fc2df13803eff00afe62fe247fc1283fe099fe25ff82b9fc31d5be10fec
b37ba67ed3ba07c70d23fe0a27fb42fed19a5fc59fda375eb6d0fc51a578efc4ff001606812786b5
ff001fdcfc0af0f78abc6ff1b27f841aceb3e1382c354d72d7e17f8eefe5f0d7c31f0f685a8693f1
03c35fd3a57e737c2cfd99bf6d3f84bf18fe2df8bf42fda97f65ed5be167c6cfda6b5af8ede3bf09
f883f628f8af37c5bbaf09ea69e11f07e9bf0fb4ef8b3a47edeba37c3fd37c45e16f829e00f04fc3
0d0be20c3fb3e1d36e750f0ddbf8ff00c4df0efc45adea7afd9eae01b5ff000562ff0094597fc14b
3fecc03f6c8ffd675f88d5fcd741e3df1027fc1ac5a8fecd936b56e9f11a2fd8de0d274d9a6b7d32
2d56ff00e1e5c7ec49a77fc1476ea687463047a64fa5da7c18b9d53e1a26bb0df3499d35b5492fe4
f89114fe106feac7f698f807e2afda67f66afdb0bf66df10fc42f0ff0086b48fda53e0ff00c5bf82
9e05f1468df0fb51b8d47e16f857e2c7c105f86b79a878b2c2fbe21bdb7c54f1068de36d5bc63e37
b6bad1e6f84fa75df85752f0cfc3f974a8757f0d6a9f11bc5df9b53ffc10dbe0bdcfc18b3f0b4df1
6bc6adf1c2c3fe0904dff0490b5f8a6345b05f8751f859fe0f5d7c296f8ee7e0daea835d7f1a15bd
b8bcff008445fe3237860688e345127f6fa278d8007d8bff00049dff0094597fc134ff00ecc03f63
7ffd675f8735f6fe8d6de2a8351f164be21d67c3faa69179e20b6b9f02d8e8de19d4742d47c39e15
5f0af866cef346f166a97de2cf11db78d3c413f8dad7c63e21b6f1368fa3f80b4eb5f0aebbe19f07
4be13bcd5fc27aa78ebc69e01fb33fc03f157eccdfb357ec7bfb36f87be21787fc4ba47ecd7f07fe
127c14f1d78a359f87da8dbea3f14bc2bf09fe0837c35b3d43c276163f10d2dbe15f88359f1b693e
0ef1bdcdd6b137c58d3ad3c2ba6f89be1fc5a54dabf8974bf88de11d5f807f123e2b7c47f10fed28
ff0010bc072f823c19e07fda2b5bf86ff012eeff00c31e27f0aeb7e3df853e13f863f0a60d7fc79a
c59f8aee12f7548b51f8f773f1b745f09789f4cd0bc37e18f13fc3ef0ff83f5cf0adbf8a3c3f7ba7
fc46f1b0064fed95f163c55f06ff00674f1ff897e1d35937c5cf10a685f0bfe0959df598d523bff8
d1f16bc45a5fc37f85f1ff00629289ad4161e2ff0013697ad6a9a75d5d699a53689a5ea973afebde
1af0f5b6abe23d2be0ff00f8277fc48f891f047e286b9fb08fed15733de7c5ef16f857c49fb6de89
afdee836be1bb6bb97f680d63c31f117e3b782b4d1e1cb2d4bc137cfa07ed57e3dfda3cf8634b5f1
9c9e32d2fe1ce83a558dce89e21d13c3c7e226bbf40fedc5ff0004edf86dff000514b9f057c37fda
b2ff004ef1ff00ec87e13d434ff1dea1fb3ad9695e30f06788bc59f18b45d2bc7be1dd0fc5fab7c7
2f02fc4df0cf8a6c3c1fa5685e3a69e3f00681a06957977e26d074cd5750f1adde8371aa784ef7e3
df87bff06fb7ec0ffb29fc42f05fed01ff0004f1f877a7fec8bfb4ff00c3cd475793c2df15f5cf11
fc78fda3fc332f87fc55e11f127817c61e15f12fc2cf8a3f1f5346d574fd6340f145ddd58ea5a46b
3e1bd7f46f10e99a25fc5aadd69116b3e1ed7003d4ff00611fdac7f658fd97ff00e0965ff04abff8
697fda5bf67ffd9dff00e138fd803f652ff842bfe17a7c64f875f093fe130ff8467f675f845ff091
ff00c22dff0009ff0088fc3fff000907fc23ff00f090683fdb7fd93f6bfecafedbd23edff67fed2b
2f3bacfdb0fe2ee8bfb4efc23fd927c05fb2d7ed1be1293e1d7edbff00b4beb1f06a0fda5be07ea7
f0c3e33e93a5681f0b3e017ed45fb436b37be01d5b50b7f1bfc2ed7afa5f1f7ecb56ff000cfc4325
fc1a945a443a8f8a2ca1365e27d3ed5ad7ed3fd93be05ffc32ff00ecb1fb34fecd1ff094ff00c271
ff000ceffb3ffc1bf817ff0009aff627fc233ff0987fc2a4f875e1cf007fc253ff0008e7f6bf883f
e11fff008483fe11ff00ed6fec4feded6ffb2bed7f60fed7d4becff6c9b95fdb07f658d23f6b9f85
565f0eef3c7de2cf855aff0087bc63a478efc0ff00127c1365e19d5bc41e0ff1269fa76b5e1bbebb
b6d0fc6ba2f88fc1fad43acf82fc55e2ef0add5a788742d4eded60d7df58d3e3b5d774cd2750b300
fce6f857fb057ecd7ff04aefda7bf64b7fd8c7c23ab7c3af0b7ed87f177e21fece7f1cfc19abf8b3
c4fe3ed3bc491691fb307ed15fb53784be21596ade3cd53c4be24f0ef897c37e32f805ace9434ff0
feada5785757d33e2df8a1755d2267d07c0b068387fb6eff00c1503e3efecd7ff0482fdaeff6ff00
f02f843e0feadf193e00fed3ff001f7e0a783bc35e2cd03c697df0cf52f0afc2bff82a578b3f622f
0f6a1e26d1b47f881a0f8a6f3c4179f0a742b3f106b375a5f8cf46d3ae3e214973ab58e95a7786de
2f09c3de5d785bf6d2f017ed9bf04be277ed89aae97fb44fc0df861a07c58ff855fe37fd96bf663f
1e78117e1dfc51f16781bc2de164d67e237c28f0c7c50fdadfe30fc4593c55e13bff0088fe1ad135
5d2a4f873f0dfc15a99d7f54f1369baedff89be17da783784fdb57fe08eff177f6b5fd943f68bfd8
7b42fdb4f42f847fb36fc75f8c9e3cf8ef65a67fc32fc1e3ef897a0f8dbe287ed617ff00b6178d74
6f1478faf3e3af86b4af177809be2878a3c647c33a47867c11f0cfc59a2d827802d753f1d788b4ef
0bf8c34cf89a01d0fec31fb4a7ed91f143fe0af1ff00058dfd9b7e31fc68f87be33fd9cff647ff00
863dff00852df0eb41f81d69e09d6fc23ff0d1df0a355f8a1a4fd87e205b78ef58d7756fec6f0fe9
17ba2fc50ff84ee1f1bffc2c5f1d5ce99e37f863ff000cf1e0ed32ff00e116bccf867ff050ff008b
4ffb5a7ecbdfb3d7c43fda27fe09ff00e3ff0019fed13e3df88df0efe227eca1f04c5a49fb4cfec9
1ae782ff00674f8c1f1f5a6f88be24d1ff006c5f8cf69f12b4ed1af7e129f86be23d4ecfe06fc29d
17fb5fc5da2eb1fdb1a45cbe93e15f11fd9ff06bf61cd33e07fedd7fb63fedade13f88d7f7cdfb71
f87be085a7c62f869af786adaea3d23c53fb37f80b46f865f08b5cf877e30b0d674d7d0f444f08dc
7c403e3ff0df883c33e2dbcf15ebfe23f0aea9a0f89bc1161e0cd4f45f1bfc89f0ff00fe098ffb4e
fc29f87ffb2a7c36f00fed8ff04f4ff0ff00ec37e3ab9f1bfecdb2eb3fb19f8d35bd4afeef50f833
f1cbe006a52fed09723f6ced3e1f899abcff000ebe3ef8d2f60bcf85b6bfb3ee836be3d7b7d7cf85
67f0d4165e07b000f6fbdff82885a7c31fd81cfed57f19b44d0a5f89fe04bf87e1afc5bf85fe0d5f
12c1327c6bf0d7c5bd43e07fc46d07c33e18d3ec3e2478deded2cbc5de18f1a78874bd22d2dfc74f
6de15d0af6f53c55e24f0ee9975e389fce7fe09b5fb4affc1477f6adb1baf16fed25f0e3f67ef831
e04f86bf183f693f84de2fd43c1fe13d775dbff8ebab7c19f8e3f1bbe00c969f0ee1ff008691f105
efc00bdf877e31f861a75c78daebc77a27c6bd3be25472eab67e0a7f0759dcd8f882cfcdfc1ffb20
eadac7fc15dbe33fc44fb37c4f4f817a7b683f1dfc4567e21f875aef87bc0371fb43587c095f829f
0da3f86df16b54d23434f1e6897fe02fda23f6a6d6be21685e12d6fc7963e1df1bda78574dd6351f
009d134ff0c7883f52ff00669f817ff0ceff000ebc47e00ff84a7fe130ff008483f680fdac7e3a7f
6b7f627fc23ff64ff86a0fda9fe327ed2fff0008b7d83fb5f5bfb47fc20fff000b6ffe10afedbfb6
43ff000937fc23ff00f091ff0064787ffb57fb074d00f1ff00f8264eb3a7788ffe09b7ff0004f9f1
0e8fe13f0ff80b48d7bf620fd94359d2fc0be13b9f155e7857c17a76a9f01bc037d63e13f0cde78e
bc4de34f1b5d787fc396d3c5a3e8d73e31f18f8b3c553e9d676d2f887c4daeeaed79aa5d7e707fc1
d1dff2828fdb9bfeed9bff005b0ff67dafb77f644d2fe297ecf7a9fecd5fb03683e1fd5bc63f043f
643fd88bc2ff0009fe297ed0de22f855e3bf87b6be37f8b7f0dbc25fb30f833e06bfc34d4f5ed44f
82359d13c69e0a1fb406bbf10f41f01eaff189bc0de21f0cf853c3be27f1cf82f5585349f1d745ff
000547fd863fe1e51fb09fc73fd8a7fe168ffc297ff85d1ff0acbfe2e5ff00c213ff000b1bfe11af
f8575f18be1f7c59ff009137fe12ef027f6c7f6c7fc209fd81ff00235e95fd9ffdabfdabfe9df61f
ecdbc00fe6bbfe0e09f1ef883c51ff00041cd3be0b5c6b56f378ebe0a5fe8f6df17c7d9f4c8f54d5
b4cfd91ff69ff86bfb1b6b1a8ea9a4a416f69e1e1e32f88df11fc15e38b793419e6819224b3f0b2f
887c17797fe23b1fed42bf0eff006e8ff821b7c17fdaf3e1f7fc14574cf07fc5af1afc1ff8abff00
051bb6fd9a6d3e21f8f75cd16c3e297837e1e41fb377c41f877e38b24f03fc36b5d53e1aea5707c7
83e1f5b5af895bc43f11b536d3f54bb8b53f0e1d2b4ab5b9f0cea7fb49736de2a6f1568d7967acf8
7e0f04c1e1ff00135b7887c3d73e19d46ebc55aa78aaeb51f09cbe0ed6746f18c5e2cb3d2342f0fe
85a459f8eac7c4de19bef02f88f51f166a3e23f09ea9a5f8b3c176de0bd6347f1e807e1f7edb3f12
bf68ff00da63e3df8afe1b7ec437915afc52ff0082725fe9df14c5e4fe11d2bc5be1bf15fc70f8d5
e11d03e13784fc3faac9e347f066837ba4787bf67ff8b5fb5c4babe8fe0df18ea7716be3df0ff85e
e3c51acf872ffc391f82bc5dfb23f04be2ae81f1cfe0f7c30f8c9e1764fec1f89fe03f0b78e34e81
5ee9a4d3e3f1268f69aa4ba45e2dfd8693a8dbea5a35c5c4da4ea965aa693a4eab61a8d9dd596a9a
569ba85bdcd941f8c3acff00c1b67ff04a7f8b9e21f157c58fdaa7f67eff008682fda37e2978c3c5
ff00123e33fc638fe2b7ed1ff096cbc73e3ff1d789b55f14ebda8e8ff0d7e1efc75b2f097827c3f6
773aa9d23c39e1fd385fdcd8683a769d1eb3aef88f5cfed2d7f52fbf3f62dfd8d35dfd8774687e05
7c29f891e0f6fd8abc1b61e348be09fc07bbf861e279be287c2ab9f1778fee7c7d0e9d2fed09ac7c
68d79bc79e0fd16e3c47e37d22df4bf147c2c7f185e69f75e0996efe20b5f785bc4773f10003ef2a
28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2803e68f8c1fb697ec73f
b3d78d347f871f1f7f6b2fd99fe077c43f10e8d61e23d03c05f183e3bfc2df869e34d73c3daaea9a
a687a5ebda3f85bc69e2ad135cd4f46d4b5bd135ad1ec354b2b19ec6f354d2354d3ede792ef4fbb8
61fa15b5ad1d74a9f5d6d5b4c5d12d6d6eaf6e7586bfb51a55bd9d8acad7b773ea0651690dad9ac1
335d5c4932c56eb0ca667411b91f30fed73f1a3c1ff0f3e1a7893e1f3e9da47c47f8c7f177c09e3d
f0efc17fd9dcebd79a3f8abe3c788ffb1574c9bc25a3368eb2eb7a5e8426d734e1e37f1d46b67a1f
c37f0adc6a5e39f166bbe1cf0ce85ab6bda77e695cfec8ba9fec3fff000473f863fb146bfe36bef8
a5a48f8edfb3d7c0ef8a3e33d4b43d2bc257badfc18fdacbfe0a49f0f3c3df1ade6b2d0753d5b4ef
0c7f64fc19f8d7e32d363f1169fab1b8d122d363f152dd69fa85ab35a807ec1fc22f8fdf027f681d
2355f107c05f8d5f093e36e83a16a4ba3eb7adfc22f88fe0ef893a468fabbdac57a9a56aba978375
9d6acf4fd49ece786ed6c6ee686e9ad668ae04462911cd5d67f68bfd9f3c39f15744f813e21f8edf
06f42f8dfe25b7b7bbf0e7c1bd67e27f8274bf8abe20b4bc86f6e2d2e744f8797dae41e2ed56deea
df4dd467b79ac3479e39e1b0bd962664b59da3fca9fda83c4de25f841ff059eff82547867e16da08
7c3dfb547813f6bff06fed2edf647d6c8f08fecddf053c5ff11bf67c22e6f05dbf8373e3ff008abf
1357fb42c9ec1fc599fecabb92f62d12186dfe07fd913c4be29f8b9ff06e7fc73fdb13e2b699e57e
d61e28f02fed29fb5178993ecf268db3f693fd95bc51abe9ff00b330ff008422dfecda7596eb1fd9
aff6796ff8434698969e33dde65ed8df9f175d1bd00fe9b7e27fc60f84bf04bc2d7fe39f8cff0014
7e1d7c22f0569501bad4fc61f13fc6de1af00f85b4db617567646e2ffc41e2bd4f49d26ce0179a86
9f6865b8bb8e31757d676e5bcdb9851f13e0a7ed0bf00bf694f0aea1e3afd9cfe38fc1ff008fde09
d27c4175e13d53c63f053e25f82fe2a78574df1558e9da56b17de19d43c43e05d6b5ed22cfc4167a
46bba1ea975a35c5e47a8dbe9dace957d35b25b6a3672cdf91ff00b517c35fda17e33ffc15bfe143
fc34f017c3b3a67eccff00b31fc35f889f0e3e3d7c4db2d6fc51e18f827f107e3af8bff6baf087c4
a17bf08fc29f1b7e04788fe340f1d7843e0d7c3df0dda69b078ba5b6f86fa94d63e319e03657ba96
97af7e8dfec7bf1ebe237c74f0578fa1f8cdf0e34ef84df19fe10fc4ebaf85df13fc09a46b63c47a
5e8fad5d7807e1f7c5bf0dc965addb35de957e9a9fc38f8abe08d5273a2eb7e21b1b6bbbcb8b2b8d
4ad358b6d5341d1403e9bf127893c3be0df0f6bbe2ef17ebfa2f857c27e16d1f52f11789bc4fe24d
56c743f0f7877c3fa2d9cda8eb1ae6bbad6a93dae9ba468fa4e9f6d717fa96a7a85cdbd958d9c135
d5d4f14113bad3d73c6be0df0c785359f1e7893c5be19f0f781bc3ba56a3af7883c67ae6bda5693e
14d0b43d1e29a7d5b59d67c457f776fa4699a569705b5c4da8ea37b79059d94504d25ccd1244e576
efec6d754b1bdd36fa2f3ecb51b4b9b1bc837c9179d6b770bdbdc45e642f1cd1f990c8e9be291244
cee47560187f33bf0874bf87fe08fda4be19ff00c1347c1df19923ff0082747837e20f823c6ff062
793c1b75e267f8d9f18b4abdd3ff00699f107c06b3fda5b4f30f86ecd3e09fc6cd07e14fc569f5eb
476baf8887f6937fd9e2caed75ef0088ad403fa4dd1fc59e15f10ea5e26d1b40f13787f5cd5fc15a
b59e83e32d2b47d674ed4f52f096b9a8681a3f8aac346f1358d95ccf75a0ead7de17f10e81e24b3d
3b558ad2f2e740d7347d62185f4ed4ecae67e7aebe2d7c2ab28b5d9ef3e267c3eb483c2de3cf067c
2bf134d75e33f0e5bc5e1df89ff11e6f035bfc3cf871aec92ea489a478f3c7971f143e1a41e0cf08
6a0d6fe21f144df10fc0d1687a75f3f8b7405d43f297f69bfda8344fd81bf6dbf13789bc436505c7
857f6bbfd9b35ff1be9c9a91d5a384fc4afd88fe17fc70f1a78ca2d2ef748d2b5db992efc63e09d5
fe0cf84e2d02f22d397edf656b2f832d3c4be27f116ada6a793cdfb3cf8f7f66bff82667c12f04fc
5cd467d6be316b7ff0526ff826878c3e286b93d868da40d5f5dbdff82b4fec7ba17872e21d17c39a
a6b1e1ed222b5f86fe1df036946db48bf920ba9b4f9755bb48b55d43504001fba7a378b3c2be23d4
7c59a3f87bc4de1fd7757f017882dbc27e3ad2f46d674ed5351f05f8aaf3c2be19f1d59f867c5963
63733dcf873c4175e09f1a783bc636da36b1159ea33f857c59e19f10c56cda46bda5de5d7415f007
ec6fff002715ff000562ff00b3ff00f871ff00aeb2ff008269d7dff401e6faa7c64f841a27c47f0c
fc1cd6be2afc37d23e2ef8d2d352bff077c2bd53c73e18b0f88fe2cb1d1b4dbbd6758bdf0cf81eef
548bc4faf5a695a4585f6aba95ce97a5dd4363a6d95ddf5d3c56b6f34a89f13fe32fc20f825a0b78
abe33fc56f86df08fc2ea5437893e27f8e7c2fe01d054bdee9fa6a06d63c57aa693a782da8eada55
82e6e06ebdd4f4fb5199ef6da393f023f6e8f855e02f06ff00c1c1ff00f0422f88fe1bd07fb37c67
f18aff00fe0a93aa7c47d67fb5359bcff848efbc15fb0a7c3df0678667fecebfd46eb4ad23fb33c3
7a7d9e9be568563a5c379e4fdb3508eeefe496e9fef5fda6f4db9f86dfb6b7c2afda43c6ff00037e
257c66f859a47c1fb9f06e91e31f85be13f8a3e3df11fece9e29b63f172c7c5facc5f0afe07f86fc
77f113e317fc2f7b0f89df0efc0cda6cfe0db8d3fe16d8f81b51f1d69b75f67bdf16dde8c01fa63a
57893c3baee8b1f89344d7f45d63c3b345753c5af695aa58ea1a2cb0d8cd3dbdecd1ea9693cd62f1
59cf6d7305d48b394b79ade78e628f148ab97e12f881e02f1f8f119f0278dfc23e351e0ff12ddf83
3c5c7c25e25d1bc483c2de30b0d3f4bd5afbc29e233a35edeff627896cb4ad6f45d4eef42d4fecba
a5b69fabe977b35aa5b5fda4b2fe3aff00c124fc29a0fc42fd9a3f6d0f819e24f80d79f05fe0447f
b4878bbe12f83be085f78f75af1b4f61f097c79fb257ecd1e20f1d590f8ab0b691e25f12a78abe21
7c42f8a9aaaeb915e5bea9e1d3ac378634dbfb74f0c59341eeff00f04e0f855e02f821f11ffe0a73
f0a7e17e83ff0008c7807c17fb787c3cd2fc33a0ff006a6b3ad7f66d8c9ff04bdff826e5fbc1fda9
e21d4756d6af375ddddc4be6ea1a8dd4c3ccd82411a222807ea0d15f10ff00c1433e24fc55f857fb
37e9fe21f82de3cb3f865f10bc43fb507ec1df096c7c71a8f85743f1b69fa1787be3c7edd3fb38fc
10f1f35ff85fc45b34dd56ceff00c01f10fc4fa55d225e691aadb417cf7ba07883c39af5b69baf69
de65757bfb42fece9f1e7f645d33c67fb5478cff0068cf0c7ed5bf1bbc65f063c4de10f17fc37f81
5e0bf0af80aeed3f656fda57f696b6f167c2bbaf859f0dfc2fe38b4d12c353fd9e34cf06e81e1cf8
91e3af89b7b1f87bc65afdd7883c6be2ad7adf40bfd3c03f4ae8a28a00e7fc33e2cf0af8d34eb9d6
3c1de26f0ff8b348b3f1078b3c2779aa786759d3b5ed3ad7c55e02f156b3e05f1d7866e6fb4bb9ba
b683c41e0bf1b7873c43e0ef1668d2caba8f873c55a16b3e1ed62dacf57d2eface03c33e2cf0af8d
34eb9d63c1de26f0ff008b348b3f1078b3c2779aa786759d3b5ed3ad7c55e02f156b3e05f1d7866e
6fb4bb9bab683c41e0bf1b7873c43e0ef1668d2caba8f873c55a16b3e1ed62dacf57d2eface0fe68
bf677fdb2ffe0ac3f0a34bfda03c01fb347fc117ff00e1acbe09681fb7ff00fc14effe10afda03fe
1e2dfb36fc08ff0084fbfb53fe0a3bfb546b5e24ff008b53e3ff000bea3e2df0affc22be2dd475ef
057fc4daf66fedcff8473fe123b0f2f4cd62ca24fa0bf64ef8c3e2cd33fe099be1ef1d7c62f89de3
4fd80be24fc46fdbfbfe0a311f8fbc1ff0a3c25e0efdac7e37e87f123c51ff00050efdb73c41e23f
d9c3e08d8db7c2ff008c3e1cf8b3f11341f135b5fc29e26f097c0af8a71f897c25e03f15eada0782
6d2cb514f12786803f7ee8afe7dfc3dfb617ed21af7ecabfb50ffc2b8f8fff0014757f1afc26ff00
82a7fec17fb207c27f8edfb4a7ecb1a7fc25f8c979f0bbf68ef887ff0004ce9bc703e317ecefe24f
839fb385a0be4b3fdac7e2a782b4bbfb1f84bf08afbc49f0f22f0a78c3c21a969bab5ee8df112e7e
e7f8af3fed05f09346fd9cbe095d7ed47e3bf127c4bfdb0ff6aad4fe196a5f1cff00e15b7c0bd235
af827e1ed37f65ff008e3fb42f88343f80fe058be186a3e02b6d193fe19bf53d17c1d27c7db1f8f5
e27d0bfe1616b57be27f187c459347f0c68d0007dc3ff0b63e167fc2d3ff008517ff000b2fe1ff00
fc2edff857ff00f0b63fe14eff00c265e1cff85a7ff0ab3fe123ff00843ffe165ffc2bdfed2ff84b
7fe15fff00c25bff0014b7fc265fd91ff08e7fc247ff00124fed2fed3ff45af40afe487e32f8b7e2
9fec5dff0005bafdab7e316b3f153c4bfb4cf8cbe017fc1b17f1dfe387837c41f15fc33f0ebc35e2
5d70fc36fdaef57f1b691e13f1943f03bc0ff0c7c15aac52788bc3d7d10d53c2ff000fbc2576742d
4acf4c9ecafb55d326d7756fd3ef87bf1bbf685f097fc1377c73ff00054ff18fed0bf12fe28ebbe2
7ff827478b7f6c8d03f655f11f83be00787ff67bf86be27d57e07c1fb42f86fc31e12bff0002fc08
f0cfed21a9c7e0f82c93e1d25df8ff00e3978d7fb734ad4b5ed6755d04f8866d064f0d007ed0515f
845f037e33fed7de33f077fc13bbe33f883f6adf135fe8ff00f0547f08cba6bfc357f84ff016df49
fd95bc53f167f624fda23f6c1f07f8b3e0e6b1a7fc37b1f16f89a0f84aff0006fc35f0ff004af0f7
c74bdf88d69e277d5bc4faf78caf6f6e6eb45f0d787fdb25fda83e377fc2805f83a9e3954fdb14fe
dbc9fb0c0f139f0e783cf8e3fb23fe1670f1737c79ff008404e81ff0ae1bc64dff0004fd07f6bb3a
18d087c3e08495d116c47fc21a003f5c68afe75be1afed99fb47eb1e3df0fcb63f17bf6e0f8abf10
fc1ffb75b7ec7de28f825a77fc13abc6337ec89e37f843f0dff6bc97f63ff8a5f1efc47fb55783ff
0062bb7f0cf877c6f67e02d0bc59fb5578bf5ef0e7ed57a0fc20f08f8b346d43e13af8074dd334cb
9d32bed2f08d9fed63fb487ed17fb7ef83acff006d0f1dfc07f841f01bf6a1f87ff0b3e1c68ff077
e0dfeceba87c50d1acafbf617fd8c7e376ab60ff00113e387c32f8cde10d4fc1fac78d7e36f8e35b
bdd2b5bf83daaf8ea0d4eead62d23e28e97e14b1b3f07db807eabd14514005145140051451400514
51400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514514005145140051451400514
5140051451401f0f7c69fd8bb5af8a3f1e17f685f01fed81fb4ffecd5e329be19783be166aba47c1
4d1ff648d7bc2bae68de05f117c52f11e83ac6a167fb467eca9f1fb59b6f1024df17fc5ba7dd4ba2
ebba4e8f73a72e959d15750b29350b9f5abffd9db4df1afece5e23fd9b7e397c4af893fb4268be35
f0a78b3c1be3af887f1157e1bf84fe23f8c345f165e6ab332ea47e037c39f833f0f74abad0b4ed46
df41d12e3c29f0f7c3bbb4cd1b4cb8d7135bd725d6359d5a6f887fb53fc04f851aafc52d0fe20fc4
1b6f0deadf063e1dfc24f8a7f112c6e342f14de4da5783be3cf8e3e257c33f8372693fd99a1dea78
c7c49f11fe217c23f1e782fc2be04f05bf887c77a978974dd2b488fc362f3c5be0f8b5ee0b45fdb9
ff0067fd5be167c74f8d5a9c3f1fbe1c7c32fd9bfe1feaff0014be2df89be38fec7bfb5efecf8ba4
f813c3fe1cf1478b7c41aef85b48f8e7f033e1e6bdf143fb07c3fe0ed76ff5cd33e16697e34d6348
2ba45a6a3a7db5f7897c376dab0041f057f633f0cfc28f899aefc69f16fc5bf8c5fb41fc5ed5f44f
0d7852c7e207c617f84ba3ea1e19f07f8517c72da4f85743f0ff00c04f84bf03fc0d3e9eb7bf12bc
71a95c6a3e24f0a7883c4b35debad11d7974ed3746b0d3bce3c5dff04def853e2af1aea9ac43f14b
e37785fe1778abe22fc3ef8b7f113f675f0f6a3f0b25f84ff11fe237c314f878be12f13f88bc47e2
6f84de23fda074592d4fc24f866f77a47c3ef8e3e09f0f5f3f83ed44fa4326b5e2a4d7fb9f863ff0
508fd957e2bfc50f0efc11d23c61f107c07f18fc656da8def81be167ed07fb3cfed1bfb2d7c41f88
161a368fadf8835cd4be1e7843f697f84ff09b5df1fe99a068de1dd6750f106a5e0eb1d6ec74186c
c7f6bdc593dcda24fd8fec83fb697ecc9fb7a7c1eb5f8f9fb267c53b2f8b9f0a2ef5fd6fc2e9e25b
6f0e78cbc21736fe20f0ece96fabe97a8f863e207877c29e2dd26e6dccb04f08d5341b38efacae6d
751b07bab0bab7b994028fed05fb22f847e3ef8dbe19fc558fe21fc50f83bf187e0e5a78aacbe1b7
c53f8553fc3cbaf107866dfc6b6d69a7789557c39f17be1d7c58f869ac36a3a3437ba306f10780f5
66b3b3d6750b9b136dabc3a46a7a5f8649f03be2f7ecc9a77ecc9fb347ec4fe07bfd1fe0b6b9f162
5f19fc7ff8f7ae78bfc11e22d7be167843c21e3ff87ff1135af07ffc203e3b682efc711fed29e14b
0f1c7c07975ef055ac3abfc1fd3f598fe2369f1378934cd32e2e3ea4fd973f6a3f813fb68fc09f03
7ed2ff00b3478e7fe1657c12f895ff000937fc215e35ff008467c63e0efedaff00843bc63e21f007
88ff00e29cf1ff0087bc2be2dd3bfb3bc5be15d7b49ff89b68361f6cfb07dbec3ed5a65d595edc7b
a5fdfd8e95637ba9ea77b69a769ba75a5c5fea1a85fdc4367636163670bdc5ddededddc3c76f6b69
6b6f1c93dc5c4f2470c10c6f2caea8acc00313c69e1c93c63e0ff15f8462d7f5af0a49e28f0deb7e
1d4f14786e3d065f10f871b5ad32e74d5d73428bc53a1f89bc3326b1a51b9fb769a9e21f0e6bfa23
5e410aeaba2ea76267b29be61d37f616f801e19fd9534afd8e7c03a57897e1f7c1ff000bea563e22
f03ff60789af757f15781fc5fa2fc5a87e3b786fc5da36b7e3b4f18c3aaeabe1cf8b76963e32d3f4
ef19e9de29f0adecb651683e20f0eeb5e1496ef41b99bc11fb79fec9ff00113c71e17f87be17f8ac
1fc45e3db9bab3f86f3ebde07f891e0ef09fc54bbd3ad6e2eb59b6f849f107c63e0fd07c03f15ee3
c36f6d2699e2b87e1d789bc4d2784fc40f6fe19f122e95e22bbb5d2e6a5f18bf6f1f811f027c59e2
af07fc41f0c7ed6925e782aced750f10f88be1effc13ff00f6f4f8cbf0d6dec2eb40b2f12b5f587c
5ef83bfb3678f3e156bb67a7e957f11d72e741f19ea70f87752b7d5342d79f4dd7746d5f4db100e9
7f69afd8f7e0dfed6b63f0e6cbe2ec1e259e4f85bf113c09f127c2b7fe1dd75b44bc4d57c09f13fe
1dfc548b49d4145add58de687e24d57e19e83a0f88a33651eacbe1cbbd5d3c39abf8775eb8b3d7ec
3d1be387c14f0afc7ef05e8be05f18ea1e20d3748d0be307ecf5f1aecee3c3375a759ea3278abf66
bf8fbf0d3f68cf02e9f7336a9a56b36cfe1fd5bc6df0afc3da5f8b2d62b38751bef0ade6b363a3ea
ba0eaf7163ae69df3ce97ff0525fd8cb59f83bf0a7e39699f16754baf077c766f1bc5f053c3abf09
7e3547f1b3e2d5cfc37f15bf82fc7361f0e3f66c9be1d47fb44f8cf54f0debe81750d2bc3df0b750
d4869135a789a1b597c337969abcdebff023f6a8f82dfb485cf8cb4bf863ab78da0f13fc3c5f0ecd
e38f017c54f839f197e007c4ff000ad878c175a6f086b5adfc2cf8f7e00f869f116c7c39e2dff846
fc469e16f134de181e1ff114be1ed7a0d1f52bd9b46d492d803e74f883f0abe3efc31f8e51a7ecbb
a1eb5ff08c7ed85fb537847f686fdaf3e396b5e24f85fa8c1f03749f82ff000d3f64cf854df0e3c1
3f0bfc4fa6e99abf8abc39fb4d7c1dfd9c6f3e126abace9773e21f17fc26f1178d3c4ff14b48d520
92dbc21a1e8ffa25457c9fae7edc1fb32f87be230f85fa8f8fb58935b8f5ff000cf84f53f14e93f0
c3e2cf887e0df867c5de328b459bc29e0ff1afed05a0781753f811e06f17f8817c4de134d2bc2de3
1f88fa1ebf773f8c7c176d169cd71e31f0cc5aa807ce1fb4affc1316c7f697fdac7e08fed8ba97ed
a1fb5ffc2cf89bfb327fc2c9ff00866fd0be16d87ec6cde04f833ff0ba3e1b683f0b7e307f61699f
147f63ff0089fe20f197fc2c4f0fe831de6a7ff0b6fc4ff117fe11ed6351d42e3c05ff00088d90d3
f4fd3fe9bf8e5fb3b7c42f8c9e23b7d4741fdb1ff695f813e0e7f0c45e19f107c29f847e1bfd90f5
3f0478b95ef7589b55d675bd57e387eca9f19fe28596afaee97aac3e1dd457c2bf11bc37a3dbe95a
369973a2691a46bf26afadeadf5257807c73fda57e1d7ecf07c2c3c7de1cf8ff00e203e313ad8d27
fe1467ec9ffb537ed3e2d3fb03fb23eddff0949fd9a7e0dfc5a1e0613ff6dd97f621f1b1f0f8f12f
93ab9f0e1d54787f5efecd00c6f82bfb28fc2ffd99ff006718ff00661fd9b67f14fc13f02e93a378
e74ff056b9e1ed5ad3c67e32f006b1e3cd475ed76f3c5fe1ebef8c1a5fc4ad0755f1068de24f10dd
f88743b4f1d7873c63e1317d05a596b3e18d674149f47b8f18fd9eff00617f16fecfff00177c79f1
6d7f6edfdaff00e2dffc2dbf880df14be30fc3df8a5e1dfd876dfc09f143c776ff0004fc09f00744
d775d9be13fec5df0b3e207873fe11cf87ff000b3e18c7a6699f0e3c7be07d1eef58f03e9fa97883
4fd6ff00b6fc656fe26f7df87bfb537c07f89bf0c7c77f187c3be3afecaf87ff000ae6f10dbfc52d
53e237863c65f08354f8612f857c2da678eb5e1f123c25f167c3de09f18780d2c7c0bade87e3912f
8b340d222baf056bba278bac9ee7c3bac69ba95d78df877fe0a3ff00b2378abc51e13f0d68fe33f8
91fd9fe3ef15e85e08f007c53d57f66bfda6fc3dfb39f8ff00c55e2bd5a1d03c1da3f813f6a4f107
c1ed2ff66ef19cfe37d7aead742f02cbe19f8abaa5af8db5abbb4d27c2b3eafa85d5bdbc80157fe0
a4bfb37eabfb5b7ecaf3fc02d3bc353f8b74ef18fed17fb106ade3bd0ed75dd3fc357327c21f879f
b6e7ecf1f12fe366a36fac6a3a9e8e96f3e85f083c1fe37d7a2834fbd3afea1269aba77862cb55f1
1dde95a5de52f835ff0004f1f86ff077e277c3bf8963e2d7c6ff0088ebf05bc377de0bf815e05f88
179f0961f06fc1df07cba36bde18d1bc39e1a9be1dfc21f87de37f155af85bc29e2cf16f86f45d47
e2c78d3e236bf7763e23bcbff13eb1e22f10e9fa06b5a3f65f18bf6f1f811f027c59e2af07fc41f0
c7ed6925e782aced750f10f88be1effc13ff00f6f4f8cbf0d6dec2eb40b2f12b5f587c5ef83bfb36
78f3e156bb67a7e957f11d72e741f19ea70f87752b7d5342d79f4dd7746d5f4db1f6bf80bf1dfe19
fed31f0abc35f1abe0f6a9e20d67e1ef8b6e7c4d67a2dff8abc01f10be16f885aefc1de2dd77c0de
23b5d57c05f157c2de0af1ff00876e74ef14786b5ad3bc8f10f8634b96f23b44d4ac16eb4abdb1be
b900e0fe2c687fb42e9da2fc29f0afc20f196bfad6a1e22fda73c33ae7c55f8a3e25b1f84f3eadf0
f7f67ab5f1ff00887e32f8cbc1b63e171e1cf08e83e23d035ef0ce81a3fec77e19bed334abdf8b1e
12f05fc44d3be30eabe23f1afc49f03eb9e32d77e9caf3ff008a5f12fc39f07fc09aefc45f1669bf
10357f0ff877fb33fb434ff85bf09fe29fc71f1ddc7f6beb1a7e856bfd85f0b7e0a7837e207c4df1
47957ba9db4fa9ff00c233e11d5ffb13478b50f116b3f60f0fe91aaea765e2ff0005bf6d2fd9d7e3
ef8defbe17f80fc57e2dd23e2c69be14baf1f5efc1ff008c5f06fe357ecebf18a1f005a6afa5787e
4f1f7fc2a5fda0be1e7c30f88d2f8125d7f5ad3f43b2f19c3e1993c33a8eb2f73a5d86a9737da7ea
105a807a47c0ff00829e15f803e0bd6bc0be0ed43c41a9691aefc60fda17e35de5c789aeb4ebcd46
3f157ed29f1f7e25fed19e3ad3eda6d2f4ad1ad93c3fa4f8dbe2a78874bf09dacb6736a363e15b3d
1ac758d575ed5edefb5cd47e70f11ffc13ff00e1c6abf0d7c1be00f0cfc51f8cff000df5cf86bfb5
9fc77fdb43e1a7c58f07defc2dd47e217813e337ed15f113f688f1ff00c433a5e9ff0010fe14f8ef
e166b5e1416bfb51fc5cf01683a178d7e19f8a65d33c1ba9e917126a179e3ad0ecbc6cbd63fedddf
b3bd9fc57b7f837e2193e3a7817c557ff1164f84da3f887e27fec8dfb5b7c2af839e23f886dac5c7
87f49f0d7853f685f891f043c2df00fc5971e30d6ad8e9df0eef3c35f12b55d33e25dcdce9a9f0fe
f7c4a356d2cde74df1abf6c6fd9e7e0078a34ef007c41f19eb9a87c4fd5f42b6f15e95f077e147c3
2f8adf1ffe36ea3e0fbabed5f4c4f1ad97c14f80de08f893f15ae7c1106a5a0eada75ff8ce1f07bf
8634cbfb27b3d4756b5b99218e400f997c3bff0004bcf87fa2eb3e3dd5b55fda37f699f19dbfc55f
8e1fb3e7ed35f13b43f124bfb3a5ae95e37fda27f670f8abfb33fc52f08fc5cbf97c1ffb39f8535a
d1357f118fd947e18780bc67e10f07eb1e1af85b75e09b9f154de1bf01785fc77ab5978e34afb0ff
00680f80ba27ed03e14f0f6837fe30f1bfc37f11f823c6fa1fc4af875f12be1cbf83dbc67f0ffc79
e1eb5d534dd3bc49a269df11bc1df113e1d6b330d235dd73499b4bf1d7807c5fe1f96d7559ee7fb2
1754b5d3351b0c5f007ed6dfb3dfc49f853e3df8d7a0fc415d1be1e7c28bef10e97f16350f895e16
f1afc1cf107c27d5fc29a0e99e2af10e8df153c05f173c39e08f1f7c36d6b4bf0beb9a1f896e347f
1b786342d4dbc3fae68bad436b2699abe9d7573c87c30fdb97e00fc66f1de81e02f86907c7ef13c9
e2b8f50b9f0c7c458bf63dfdaf74cfd9efc43a6e9fa25ff8846b9a2fed43ad7c0cd37f66fd4fc35a
be97a74cfe16f13d9fc559bc3fe31bdb8d2b49f09ea7ad6adade8d637e01f357c3bff8247fc08f08
7ed53f143f6c9f1b7c5bfda13e3a7c6ef8ddfb26f89ff638f8bfa97c50d67e10e8ba078fbe18f8b3
c67a2f8b751d72fbc3df04be0c7c1eb3f0ff008ee1b2f0e687e0ab2d53c12de16f0fc7e15d392e67
f0c5cf8ceeaffc5d77ee3f0b7f61bd0be17687e3ef8649f1efe3d78dff0066bf1bf81fe227c3ed3b
f65af1927c078fe167c3df0ffc4bd566d475c1e0cf1c782be057833f697bbbdb2b4d43c43a168f73
e3ef8fde3910695e25d4e6be8b51d6ecbc3bace85bf2fedd7fb3ed8fc4ff00f854bafc3fb40782fc
42ff001160f84f69e28f88bfb1d7ed83f0dbe0beabe3fd43c5517823c3da1685fb4478fbe057873e
00f8813c6be2eb9b0f0ffc3bd6344f897a8685f12353d5b43b7f01ea7e226d734737bf615007e77f
c11ff826b7c1ef819f18fc21f17f47f88ff1a7c603e1768fe2ef0efc16f871e35d57e1abf803e0ef
87fc5f7fe2bbcb8d1fc2b3f843e17783fe22789a0d262f1ff8fb4ed22efe2cfc41f891aafd8bc5d7
efab6a1ab6a1a4f85afbc3fd21ff0082797c083fb7faff00c1474ea5f113fe1782fc1fff0085403c
2fff0009068fff000aafc9dad61ff09e1d0ffe11aff84b7fe138ff00845d8f83bcbff84dc7817fb1
71a87fc20fff00096ffc54d5f46fc6af8eff000bff0067bf0ad878bfe2a6bba9e95a7eb5e21b2f08
f86348f0d783bc6df123c75e35f176a363a9eab65e12f87ff0d3e1a7877c5ff117e20f8aae348d13
5cd693c37e0af0b6bdad0d1743d6b596b15d3348d46eedbccbe09fedb3fb367ed03e3ad5be14fc3d
f1bebfa7fc5fd0bc3375e37d5fe0c7c59f853f17ff0067ef8d5a7f81ad352d17467f1ddcfc1df8f9
e03f869f1313c0d3eafe21d1f4bb0f19ff00c22a7c33aa6a379f62d3755bbb982ea384032e0fd933
56f0f7c50bff001f7c31fda93f688f845e10f117c508be2df8e7e06783b4afd98b5ef85be3df13de
dfd8df78dadf5dd5fe2b7ecdbf123e36693a3fc47fb02daf8a2d7c11f187c2375a4db4f707e1edf7
81eebc8b983d83e1a7c14f0afc2bf1a7ed0be3af0f6a1e20bcd5ff00694f8c1a2fc6bf1d5beb375a
75c69da4f8ab41f805f03ff673b3d3fc270d8e95a75cd8f87e4f04fc01f076a9736bac5e6bda8bf8
ab52f135f45aac3a45e697a1e8dec145001451450014514500145145001451450014514500145145
001451450014514500145145001451450014514500145145001451450014514500145145007e4c78
efe06f85bf68cfdbeff6ddf857e2ed4bc41a158dd7ec49ff00048cf1ce89e24f0adc69d6fe23f09f
8ffe0f7eda9ff0534f8c3f0bbc65a3aeb5a66b9e1fbebef07fc4af01f84fc4f0e8fe26d0b5ff000b
6ba7493a378a341d6fc3f7fa969777f3d7ed71f173e395dfec2bff0005affd97bf684f12f807e24f
8f3e047fc1353e2a7c48b2f8b5f0f3c1373f0cf4ef17784fe3f7ecf7fb51da697a1eb9f0f1bc79f1
46d3c37e25f076aff07bc4304b2af8da1bfd6fc3dabf86f57bbf06e856773a57883c67fa5bfb497e
c15fb277ed77e1cf8d9e13fda1fe14ff00c2c2f0ff00ed15f0ff00e077c2df8c7a7ffc275f127c27
ff000987813f66ef8a7e38f8d7f05b42fb5781fc63e1abdf0fff00c219f137e2478d3c4dfda7e16b
9d1358f117f6cff6378af50d77c3fa7695a558f1bf04bfe0995fb107ece9fb2dfc59fd8b7e0dfc12
ff00843bf668f8e5a37c42f0ff00c52f86bff0b27e2e7887fe128d23e2af8525f0478f6d3fe131f1
578f75cf1fe89fdbde179e5d2fed1e1df1569175a5eefb6e8d369da8aadd800fce6f1fc1e2af0f7f
c15ebfe0987e1ffdb6be207c2cf8edf1ceebc39fb5e6a3fb20ebdfb3dfc2df1d7ecd1e13f84de67c
08f1145f1fee3e257c37f147c6bfdacb57f8933fc40f07e9fe14d2bc25acf883e24fc27f0ff87aef
c3ba8bf85749f16eb49e23820f82ff00e0dfc97c69fb3bff00c1243fe09f3fb55f85a7d3d3e106bf
a77c62f027ed8106b5611dd41a47c3ff000bfedd7fb4a68be02f897a578813548b50f03697f0cdfe
3178e3c77f147533e1bf15787eff00c13e0d80eb173f0eb4eb1d6fc652fef57ec5bff049dff827ff
00fc13c750f12eabfb1efc02ff0085417fe2fbad36f3c453ff00c2d3f8d5e3ff00ed1b9d1f4ed774
9d3a4f2be28fc47f1b4369f67d3fc4baddbecb18eda39bedbe6ceb2cf6d6925bfbc7c03fd8dff66f
fd983f664d1ff638f819f0e7fe107fd9c340d0bc7be1ad27e1cffc25fe3cf12fd9345f89de21f147
8afc7165ff00097f8bfc51e20f1dcffdb7aff8d3c4b7ff0069b9f144d77a6ff697d97489f4fb2b3d
3edad403f07bfe0db5fd973e04fc57ff00824f7fc123ff00697f1ff81bfb7fe36fec9bff000dedff
000cff00e35ff849bc63a5ff00c203ff000bdff693f8ebe00f8adff14e68be21d3bc25e2aff84abc
25a759e93ff15ae83e23fec3f27edfe1cfec7d4e496f5ffa27f8eff09b48f8f7f03fe32fc0bf106a
9a9689a0fc69f853f113e136b7ad68c2d5b58d2348f88de10d63c1fa96a9a52df417364da95859eb
335dd88bcb7b8b53750c42e20961df1b7cadf07ffe0971fb09fc04ff00863bff00854ff033fe114f
f8604ff8683ff864aff8b9bf18b5dff854ff00f0d51fda7ff0be7fe465f883ac7fc277ff0009dff6
c6a5ff00252ffe132ff8463ed3ff00146ffc23de4c1e57d7ff00167e16f813e38fc2cf897f053e29
685ff0947c32f8c1f0ff00c65f0b7e22f867fb4f58d13fe122f027c40f0e6a5e13f17685fdb3e1dd
4348f10691fdafe1fd5f50d3ff00b4f42d574cd62c3ed1f6ad3350b2bd8a0b98803f03bf68ef8fdf
b74f8a3e2dfece5fb2c7c6af82ff00063e1beada8fed67fb1778cbc13e31d0bc79e16f1178d7f695
f02fc3efdac7e047c63f8dbad7c2ef829a77c5cd77c51f08347f80fe08f09ea367f11f53f1b1f8a9
ff00097e8706b5e34f093f826df499e3b5fbcff6f0f8a17fe3df897f05ff00e09d3a0f8767d6b4df
db3740f1e68bf1efc57a61bcb8bdf85df00f4db7b5bbf185adedbc7a7ff6669337c76f0068df187e
19f83fc53a8f88743d43c39af69f77e21f0b58f8a75ed061d067f43fd8a3fe097bfb0bff00c13b2d
7c5965fb1cfc0eff00853d6de38d4b4ed5fc5117fc2ccf8c1f107fb5351d26c353d2f4fb8dff0014
be2078de4b2fb3d8eb1a8c1e569cf6904bf69f3678a59a18248beb8b4f853e01b1f8a9e23f8d76ba
0f95f137c5be06f01fc36f10789bfb535a7fed0f057c31d6fe27f88fc0fa2ff6349a8bf87ed7fb13
59f8cbf126f3fb46cb4ab6d5b52ff848fecfabdfdfda68fa0c1a5807e37ffc14db4bf08defedc5ff
00048ef00f842dee3c15fb50ebbe3bfda6aeff00669f8f372da9f897c2bf06f4ff000d683f087c4b
f1f74ef14fc32bf8ecbc17f11edbe2f7c2bb7d4be1d595af8a3c73e0bd7fc3f71aa3eabf0d2feefc
6eba5c10fbff00c34d57e2efc31f8dbff050b99f48d0ff006b3fdafbc23fb32fecedf117c3765e15
6b1fd9e3c31f13f49fecefdaaa3f80dfb32d85b78875ff00889e12f8617c7e24f837e25eada9fc4d
f17f8c3c47ade7e39da6a9e29d2b49f87fe17f00d9dcfdb3fb4a7ecc3f037f6bdf849e2cf815fb44
f823fe161fc2bf1c69c9a578a3c2dff092f8bfc27fda9611ea9a5eb4907f6e781b5ff0cf88ecb1a9
e8ba65cf9ba76af6931fb37926436f35c452f1bfb1efec45fb2ffec0df0b2e3e0a7ec99f0c7fe154
7c32baf126a5e2fb8f0cff00c269f10bc75e6788b578ad61d4750fed9f895e2cf1978817ed11d9db
2fd913555b187cbcc16d133c85c03e2efd973f6cbff82b0fc57f8ede06f007ed2fff00045fff0086
4df825afff00c24dff0009afed01ff000f16fd9b7e3bff00c203fd97e0ef10eb5e1cff008b53e00f
0be9de2df157fc255e2dd3b41f057fc4a6f61fec3ff848ff00e123bff334cd1ef627fcc7fd8ca3f1
67857fe0d9af8d7f0dfe2c8fec0fdaa74ef82ffb61780bc53e05d6a0b4d17c6165fb47fc40f1578f
a6fd9afc1d77e114923b6b5f1578cf4ff1cfecf537853c371db2da789a3f1778624bab5b93e22ba3
73fd5b57c47f10bfe09cbfb1a7c54fdac7e1dfedc5e3df839fdbdfb51fc28b7d2ad7c01f143fe161
7c54d2ff00b020d122d4e1d2e3ff00842b46f1c69df0ef54fb2c5ac6a4bbb5af096a2f37da775c34
ad0c06200f1cfdb5bf6a9ff8293fc0ef8a7a0784ff0063aff8252ffc3747c32d47e1fe95e22d77e2
dffc373fc05fd993fe11df1dddf88fc57a6ea7f0ebfe102f8a5e1dd5fc41abff0064787f48f0c789
bfe12eb3b94d1eff00fe12efec6b7816f740d42497debe1af8cbf6cef8dbfb23e93e2ef137c26f01
7ec1dfb60789a1d63ed5f0b7e276a9a67eda9e07f8572e8bf11b52d32c46b5a9fc1af891f0074cf8
92de39f869a4daf88b4a6f0ffc41f0ac5e0bd6bc61a743aea7885fc29abe83adfd8b5f017edcbff0
4bafd857fe0a4adf0b1ff6d3f81bff000b9dbe0a378d5be191ff008599f187e1d7fc232df110f844
f8c4e3e13fc41f028d67fb60f80fc29c78806aa34ffecaff008958b1fb76a5f6c00f8a3e1ef883c2
d3ff00c13b7fe0abfe23fda23c33aef8e7c67169bfb445efeda7a345e35d22e65f891a969ffb087c
1e11e97e17f157c1bf07d9f83f438b54fd972dbe0ff8423baf84ba4f89974bd7acb52bfba92ebe23
1f1468761e43f00bc3be36d03f613ff8275f8e3c55f13fc3fe26fd90b57f8e3fb116a7f073f66c8b
e1f49a2fc47f09784fe23fed05e07b1fd927c0daefc76b0f175deb9e3683f667d57c53f097c57ad7
9bf07fc25e3af1f43f07e5b1f8cfa9685a5ea3f14657fdc7f81dfb3afc1cfd9bbe12693f02be0b78
3ffe10cf857a1ffc241fd97e16ff008483c53e22fb2ffc253aaea3adebbff13bf15eb7aef88e7fb7
6a7aadfdcffa46af37d97cff0026cfecf6f143147f257c37ff0082477fc13d7e117ed6baefedcff0
f3f67dff00847bf6a7f12eb3e2bd7f5bf8a3ff000b5fe376adf6dd5fc6f0cd6fe28bbff84275cf89
3a97c3ab6fed3867953c8b4f08c16d65bf769f0da32ab2806e7edc1e2fd03e230f027ec29a76b161
75e2afdacf5bb6f02fc57f0f594cb3f8abc39fb2aea9e18f88faefc66f18476388c69ba7f8cbc33f
0e3c45f05348f174d7da7b785bc55f1034cd7b466d5fc4ba468de19d70f8f1aa7ed07fb0efecadf0
5bc0bff04fbfd89af3f6dbd53e1c4bf0ff00e0be99f06b50fda67e1e7ecef7fe15f83fe17f006bb6
16ff00102fbe277c5ad3357d1bc4b79a35ff00863c21e18b9f0e416d1eb7abcde2e7d7a0963b2d0b
5085fe8d93f666f8232fed3107ed872782777ed1b6ff00044fece50fc45ff8493c5c367c1a6f1c4d
f120f83bfe1111af0f02b67c693cbacffc242fe186f157cffd9c35cfeca55b11eef401f107ecadf1
77f6daf8fdf00be22f887f68cfd923c3ff00f04f4fda0e1f1078bbc29f0c7c0be2cf8cbe07fdb3fc
2b269d1f82fc3b7de0bf8bde26bcf82bac7c2bb6d5bc3efe36d675cd1f59f8576fe31f0778aafb4e
f055ccb0f8cfc3d1f8a74ad534ef87bf66eb6d3ac3fe0af5f1234afda5359d13e237edf7a4fec337
169a27c54f85fe16f15fc2af83179fb1bdc7c69f006a9a6786343f83579e28f8d163e0df1159fc67
d435db9d427f883fb4378cbe2beae63bed7ac743d1fe18ebfe11d3743fd41fda8ff65cf813fb68fc
09f1cfecd1fb4bf81bfe1657c12f895ff08cff00c26be0aff849bc63e0efedaff843bc63e1ef1ff8
73fe2a3f007887c2be2dd3bfb3bc5be15d0756ff00894ebd61f6cfb07d82ff00ed5a65d5ed95c707
fb1cfec1ff00b297ec05f0de6f847fb247c2bff854df0f6e35dd5fc4b3787ffe138f891e3bdfadeb
d169106ab7bfdadf133c61e32d717ed51683a52fd997525b483ecbbada085a7b9330078b7c4dbff1
a7ed8bf1b74bf817e1ef08ac1fb29fc17f8bbf09be2b7c47fda1f4cd6b4fbc7f15fc7ffd947e35f8
3be2fe8dfb39786bc3d7ff00d957d6b1f87be2af83be1e6adf103e286803c6fe1ab77f04fc48f815
756fa2fc406d76ff00c0df1ffed13a6c3e2dff0082dffc1ef0bfc0dd52dfe0efed67a4ff00c13fe7
f18f893e3b78a343d53e287817c4ff00b302fc5ef8b1e1e97e04dd7c22d4351f02f871b5997e316a
9e18f8971f8e3c23f1374ff89b6969e1a1a3cda0cfe019bc477327b37fc3857fe093dff0d4ff00f0
dadff0ca7ff1935ff0d01ff0d47ff0b2ff00e179fed25ff25dbfe162ff00c2d8ff0084e7fe10dff8
5c5ff0afff00e4a07fc4ff00fe119ff8453fe10eff009857fc23dfd8bff12dafb17f6c3fd84bf654
fdbebe1cc1f09bf6b4f859ff000b63e1fdb6bda3789e0d03fe138f88fe04d9ae787e3d5a2d22fbfb
57e1a78bfc1badb7d9135cd517eccfa9359cff006acdd5bcc60b730807e62fc46d07c5da9feca3fb
76783b4ef1de8b1fc63f0bff00c14d7f6577fda07f6846f0ac51f81f528ecbe21ffc13e7e2378d3e
293fc38bdf11a787bc19e05f833fb2edff0087fc09e21d0f4df885a91b0d33e0eeb7e2bf16f8da2f
8917fe339ac3ea3f86be36f8a5f073e32feca1f0c34efdac747fdadfc07f1fed6e9756f0d5d7847e
1168be20f863f0fcfc10f8bbf123c37f1bbe1e6a1f092db46d4dbf6796f147c24f087c21f075afc4
6d3be21eb326adf1484be20f8fde34d79340d34fd97f04bf654f809fb39fecfba2fecb1f06bc07ff
000877c07f0f786f5af08e8fe04ff84a3c67e21fb1f87bc44d7edac69fff00093f8abc45ae78cae3
ed8754be3f6bbaf10cf7d6fe7e2d6e601143e5f23fb38fec35fb2d7ec93ae7c45f11fecf7f0bbfe1
5feb3f167c61e2bf1f7c40bcff0084dbe2278aff00b7fc5be379f40b9f13eadf67f1bf8bbc4969a5
7f69cde17d09fec1a241a6e9965f61dba7d9da25cde2dc007ccdfb6a69df1a6c7e23fc1ed5be2afc
41f86be21fd8bf5afdadbf635d36c3e12784be147883c1bf1a342f8a10fc6bf86b77f05bc43e30f8
e37bf193c7f69f11fc27a6fed45a4f803c4ba87823e1f7ecebf0cf533e1db8d22dbc5ff102cfe1df
837e286bbe2dbbfb6b7ed53ff0527f81df14f40f09fec75ff04a5ff86e8f865a8fc3fd2bc45aefc5
bff86e7f80bfb327fc23be3bbbf11f8af4dd4fe1d7fc205f14bc3babf88357fec8f0fe91e18f137f
c25d67729a3dff00fc25dfd8d6f02dee81a8492def85ff00f0478ff8272fc19fdadfc51fb757c35f
d9dbfe11bfdaa7c67e39f893f127c4bf14bfe16e7c75d63fb4bc6bf17751d5f56f887ad7fc211aff
00c4ed53e1cd9ffc243a86bdaadc7f67587842d749d27ed5e568761a64105b470fe98d007e317c70
f17fed15f1dfe09ffc13835df8c7f0563fd853f6ccf1bfedcf64be0ff065efc47f047ed3ba37ecf7
e29f08fc31fdabafb54d535ff1078422f0d7c38f8c1a57c5bfd973c23f103c347411abf83ee7c397
df1a6c57c3baf0f8afe0af0d5b6a795f0167d2bc31ff00058bf889f0efe31cd61f187f6b7b9fd81d
3c6f6bfb44785f48f117c33f087877f6783f19be1f7876d3e0147f086cb56f1c782edf5b1f11acf5
0f8a977e34f11fc43bdf8977a9e257d3ecf41d3be1e1f0f476bfa7ff00b497ecd7f053f6bbf835e3
2fd9f7f687f05ffc2c2f843f102daced3c5de11ff848fc59e13fed6b7d3f50b5d52d23fedff03ebb
e1af13d87937f676d3efd335ab2793cbf2a56785e48dbcff00f63ffd86bf65afd823e1a3fc1ffd93
7e177fc2a8f87326bdad789dfc3bff0009b7c45f1d675cf108d35758befed7f895e2ef18eba3ed83
47d387d986a62cedfecffe8b6f019a7f3403eb3a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a28a2800a
28a2803fffd9}{\par}\pard \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0 {\par}}
}}
}}}

c2

Transféré par

Informations du document

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

c2

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

{\rtf\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0 Segoe UI;}{\f1 Helvetica;}{\f2 Symbol;}}{\colortbl

56?er\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 from\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 such\f0

20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 low-pass\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?lter\f

0\strike0 (see\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Chapter\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\str

fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 advantages\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 of\f0\fs20

sl-192\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1.\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 Uniform\f

{\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;12;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;2457

{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}

cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\u

20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 \u64257?rst-order\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 digit

b0\i0\ul0\strike0 by\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\st

s18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 as\f0\fs18\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 a\par\pard\plain\li

{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 20}}

{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 606}}

{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 2368548}}

{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fLayoutInCell}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn relBottom}{\sv 3775}}

{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fRelFlipV}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn relBottom}{\sv 6741}}

{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(0,0);(0,259)}}

{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}

f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 \u8722?\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 1\par\sect\se

{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}

{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;2;(767,0);(0,0)}}

{\sp{\sn geoRight}{\sv 73}}

{\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineDashing}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 12700}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn shapePath}{\sv 4}}

{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}

{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}

{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}

\f0\fs14\cf0\b0\i\ul0\strike0 s\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 .\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i

\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 on\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 (2.3).\par\par

0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 causes\f0\fs20\cf0\b0\i0\ul0\strike0 the\f0\fs20\

{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;21;(0,0);(12,11);(23,21);(34,32);(44,44);(54,55);(64,

{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}