NORMAL VALUES OF M-MODE ECHOCARDIOGRAM

IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN (P < 0.05)

HEIGHT AO (mm) LA IVS (mm) LVPW (mm) LV (mm)
(cm) (mm) Diastole Systole Diastole Systole Diastole Systole
45 0.83 1.15 2.40 3.94 2.20 4.12 16.5 11.6
0.54 – 1.13 0.67 – 1.64 0.83 – 3.98 1.27 – 6.61 0.51 – 3.89 1.72 – 6.52 11.4 – 21.7 7.5 – 15.7
50 0.93 1.24 2.68 4.37 2.48 4.60 18.2 12.6
0.64 – 1.23 0.76 – 1.72 1.11 – 4.24 1.72 – 7.02 0.79 – 4.16 2.22 – 6.98 13.1 – 23.3 8.5 – 16.7
55 1.03 1.32 2.94 4.78 2.74 5.06 19.8 13.6
0.73 – 1.32 0.85 – 1.80 1.38 – 4.49 2.14 – 7.41 1.06 – 4.42 2.70 – 7.43 14.7 – 24.8 9.6 – 17.7
60 1.12 1.40 3.18 5.17 3.00 5.50 21.3 14.6
0.82 – 1.41 0.93 – 1.87 1.64 – 4.73 2.55 – 7.78 1.32 – 4.68 3.15 – 7.85 16.2 – 26.3 10.5 – 18.6
65 1.20 1.47 3.42 5.54 3.24 5.92 22.7 15.5
0.91 – 1.49 1.00 – 1.94 1.89 – 4.96 2.93 – 8.14 1.57 – 4.92 3.58 – 8.26 17.7 – 27.7 11.5 – 19.5
70 1.28 1.54 3.65 5.90 3.48 6.33 24.1 16.4
1.00 – 1.57 1.08 – 2.01 2.12 – 5.18 3.30 – 8.49 1.81 – 5.15 4.00 – 8.66 19.1 – 29.1 12.4 – 20.4
75 1.36 1.61 3.87 6.24 3.70 6.72 25.4 17.2
1.08 – 1.65 1.15 – 2.08 2.34 – 5.40 3.65 – 8.83 2.03 – 5.38 4.39 – 9.05 20.4 – 30.4 13.2 – 21.2
80 1.44 1.68 4.09 6.58 3.92 7.10 26.7 18.1
1.15 – 1.73 1.21 – 2.15 2.56 – 5.61 3.99 – 9.17 2.25 – 5.60 4.77 – 9.42 21.7 – 31.7 14.0 – 22.1
85 1.51 1.74 4.29 6.90 4.14 7.46 27.9 18.9
1.23 – 1.80 1.28 – 2.21 2.77 – 5.82 4.31 – 9.50 2.46 – 5.81 5.14 – 9.79 23.0 – 32.9 14.8 – 22.9
90 1.59 1.81 4.50 7.22 4.34 7.82 29.2 19.6
1.30 – 1.87 1.34 – 2.28 2.96 – 6.03 4.62 – 9.82 2.67 – 6.02 5.49 – 10.16 24.2 – 34.2 15.6 – 23.6
95 1.66 1.87 4.69 7.52 4.54 8.17 30.3 20.4
1.37 – 1.95 1.40 – 2.34 3.15 – 6.23 4.92 – 10.13 2.87 – 6.22 5.83 – 10.51 25.3 – 35.4 16.3 – 24.4
100 1.73 1.93 4.88 7.82 4.74 8.51 31.5 21.1
1.44 – 2.02 1.46 – 2.40 3.34 – 6.43 5.21 – 10.44 3.06 – 6.42 6.15 – 10.86 26.5 – 36.5 17.1 – 25.2
105 1.79 1.99 5.07 8.11 4.93 8.83 32.6 21.8
1.50 – 2.08 1.51 – 2.46 3.52 – 6.62 5.49 – 10.74 3.25 – 6.61 6.47 – 11.20 27.6 – 37.7 17.7 – 25.9
110 1.86 2.04 5.25 8.40 5.12 9.16 33.7 22.5
1.57 – 2.15 1.57 – 2.52 3.69 – 6.81 5.76 – 11.04 3.43 – 6.80 6.78 – 11.53 28.6 – 38.8 18.4 – 26.6
115 1.92 2.10 5.43 8.67 5.30 9.47 34.8 23.2
1.63 – 2.22 1.62 – 2.58 3.86 – 6.99 6.02 – 11.33 3.61 – 6.98 7.09 – 11.85 29.7 – 39.9 19.1 – 27.3
120 1.98 2.15 5.60 8.95 5.48 9.78 35.8 23.9
1.69 – 2.28 1.67 – 2.63 4.03 – 7.17 6.28 – 11.61 3.79 – 7.16 7.38 – 12.17 30.7 – 41.0 19.7 – 28.0
125 2.05 2.21 5.77 9.21 5.65 10.08 36.8 24.5
1.75 – 2.34 1.72 – 2.69 4.19 – 7.35 6.53 – 11.89 3.96 – 7.34 7.67 – 12.49 31.7 – 42.0 20.4 – 28.7
130 2.11 2.26 5.94 9.47 5.82 10.37 37.9 25.1
1.81 – 2.40 1.77 – 2.74 4.35 – 7.53 6.78 – 12.17 4.13 – 7.52 7.95 – 12.79 32.7 – 43.0 21.0 – 29.3
135 2.17 2.31 6.10 9.73 5.99 10.66 38.8 25.8
1.87 – 2.46 1.82 – 2.80 4.51 – 7.70 7.02 – 12.44 4.29 – 7.69 8.23 – 13.10 33.6 – 44.1 21.6 – 30.0
140 2.22 2.36 6.26 9.98 6.15 10.95 39.8 26.4
1.92 – 2.52 1.87 – 2.85 4.66 – 7.87 7.26 – 12.70 4.45 – 7.86 8.50 – 13.39 34.6 – 45.0 22.2 – 30.6
145 2.28 2.41 6.42 10.23 6.31 11.23 40.8 27.0
1.98 – 2.58 1.92 – 2.90 4.81 – 8.04 7.49 – 12.96 4.61 – 8.02 8.77 – 13.69 35.5 – 46.0 22.8 – 31.2
150 2.34 2.46 6.58 10.47 6.47 11.50 41.7 27.6
2.03 – 2.64 1.96 – 2.95 4.95 – 8.20 7.72 – 13.22 4.76 – 8.19 9.03 – 13.97 3.64 – 47.0 23.3 – 31.9
155 2.39 2.50 6.73 10.71 6.63 11.77 42.6 28.2
2.09 – 2.70 2.01 – 3.00 5.10 – 8.36 7.94 – 13.47 4.91 – 8.35 9.28 – 14.26 37.3 – 47.9 23.9 – 32.5
160 2.44 2.55 6.88 10.94 6.78 12.04 43.5 28.8
2.14 – 2.75 2.05 – 3.05 5.24 – 8.52 8.16 – 13.72 5.06 – 8.51 9.54 – 14.53 38.2 – 48.9 24.4 – 33.1
165 2.50 2.60 7.03 11.17 6.94 12.30 44.4 29.3
2.19 – 2.81 2.09 – 3.10 5.38 – 8.67 8.38 – 13.97 5.21 – 8.66 9.79 – 14.81 39.0 – 49.8 25.0 – 33.6
170 2.55 2.64 7.17 11.40 7.08 12.55 45.3 29.9
2.24 – 2.86 2.14 – 3.15 5.52 – 8.83 8.59 – 14.21 5.35 – 8.82 10.03 – 15.08 39.9 – 50.7 25.5 – 34.2
175 2.60 2.69 7.32 11.63 7.23 12.81 46.2 30.4
2.29 – 2.91 2.18 – 3.19 5.65 – 8.98 8.80 – 14.45 5.49 – 8.97 10.27 – 15.35 40.7 – 51.6 26.0 – 34.8
180 2.65 2.73 7.46 11.85 7.38 13.06 47.0 31.0
2.34 – 2.96 2.22 – 3.24 5.79 – 9.13 9.01 – 14.68 5.63 – 9.12 10.51 – 15.61 41.5 – 52.5 26.6 – 35.4

0 – 1 week 1 week – 6 months 6 months – 5 years 5-15 years

RV (diastole) (mm) 12.1 (8.0 – 15.5 ) 9.9 (6.8 – 13.0) 10.4 (6.0 – 15.0) 13.4 (8.5 – 20.0)
EF (%) 30 (16 – 42) 30 (17 – 42) 34 (26 – 41) 33 (25 – 42)
DIAMETRE DE L’ANNEAU (mm)

30
29
28
27
26 TRICUSPID
25
24
23
22
21
20 MITRALE
19
18
17
16
15
14 ARTERE PULMONAIRE
13
12 AORTE
11
10
09 BRANCHES PULMONAIRE
08
07
06
05
04
03
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

POIDS (kg)
 VALEURS NORMALES POUR LES ENFANTS ACCEPTABLE PULMONARY VALVE RING DIAMETER
EN FONCTION DE LA SURFACE CORPORELLE (Employed by Kirklin in 1975-1976)

Weight (kg) Minimum Ring Size Half Sizes

Surface Valeurs Area (mm2)
Moyenne Diameter (mm) (mm)
corporelle extremes
(mm) 4 13
(m2) mm) 5 20
3 6 28 4
< 0.5 08 03 – 13 4 7 39 5
0.6 – 10 10 04 – 18 5 7.5 45 5.5
V.D. 6 08 50 6
1.1 – 1.5 12 07 – 17 7 09 64 6.5
> 1.5 13 08 – 18 8
9
9.5
10
72
79
6.5
7
10 11 85 7.5
< 0.5 24 13 – 32 12 12 113 8.5
14 13 133 9
0.6 – 10 34 24 – 42 16 13.5 144 9.5
DTD – V.G. 1.1 – 1.5 40 33 – 47 18 14 154 10
20 15 177 11
> 1.5 47 42 – 52 25 17 227 12
30 18.5 270 13
35 20 314 14
< 0.5 05 04 – 06 40 20 314 14
SIV – PPVG 0.6 – 10 06 05 – 07
(diastole) 1.1 – 1.5 07 06 – 08
> 1.5 08 07 – 09
MEAN NORMAL VALVE DIAMETERS
< 0.5 17 07 – 24
BSA Mitral Tricuspid Aortic Pulmonic
0.6 – 10 21 18 – 28
O.G. (mm2) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1.1 – 1.5 24 20 – 30
0.25 11.2 13.4 7.2 8.4
28 21 – 37
> 1.5 0.30 12.6 14.9 8.1 9.3
0.35 13.6 16.2 8.9 10.1
0.40 14.4 17.3 9.5 10.7
< 0.5 12 07 – 15 0.45 15.2 18.2 10.1 11.3
0.6 – 10 18 14 – 22 0.50 15.8 19.2 10.7 11.9
AO 0.60 16.9 20.7 11.5 12.8
1.1 – 1.5 22 17 – 27 0.70 17.9 21.9 12.5 13.5
> 1.5 24 20 – 28 0.80 18.8 23.0 13.0 14.2
0.90 19.7 24.0 13.4 14.8
1.0 20.2 24.9 14.0 15.3
< 0.5 08 05 – 10 1.2 21.4 26.2 14.8 16.2
1.4 22.3 27.7 15.5 17.0
0.6 – 10 13 09 – 16
S.S.A 1.6 23.1 28.9 16.1 17.6
1.1 – 1.5 16 13 – 19 1.8 23.8 29.1 16.5 18.2
2.0 24.2 30.0 17.2 18.0
> 1.5 18 15 – 20