Current Affairs Ebook 01

BPSC
WALLAH
BPSC
lEiw.kZ
69oha BPSC izkjafHkd ijh{kk gsrq egRoiw.kZ ,oa O;kid iqfLrdk
69th BPSC Prelims
LkaLdj.k % izFke
ISBN : 978-81-19352-09-8
MRP: 229/-
}kjk izdkf'kr % Physics Wallah
eksckby ,si% Physics Wallah (Iys LVksj ij miyC/)
osclkbV% www.pw.live
;wVÔwc pSuy% Physics Wallah - Alakh Pandey
UPSC Wallah
UPSC Wallah - Hindi Medium
PSC Wallah - UP Bihar
MPSC Wallah
bZesy% support@pw.live
vf/dkj
lHkh vf/dkj çdk'kd ds ikl lqjf{kr jgsaxsA ys•d ;k çdk'kd dh fyf•r vuqefr ds fcuk bl iqLrd ds fdlh Hkh fgLls dk fdlh Hkh
rjg ls mi;ksx ;k bldh vU; çfrfyfi rS;kj ugha dh tk ldrh gSA
Nk=k leqnk; ds fgr esa%

fdlh Hkh lks'ky ehfM;k pSuy] bZesy vkfn ;k fdlh vU; pSuy ds ekè;e ls eksckby] ySiVkWi ;k MsLdVkWi ds ekè;e ls ihMh,iQ ;k vU;
led{k çk:iksa esa iqLrdksa dh lkWÝV dkWih dk çlkj ,d çdkj dk vijk/ gSA fdlh Hkh O;fÙkQ }kjk viuh fMokbl (midj.kksa) ij iqLrd dh
lkWÝV dkWih dks çlkfjr] MkmuyksM] laxzghr djuk dkWihjkbV vf/fu;e dk mYya?ku gSA blds vfrfjÙkQ bl iqLrd ;k bldh fdlh Hkh lkexzh
dh iQksVksdkWih djuk Hkh voS/ gSA ,slh fdlh Hkh lkWÝV dkWih laca/h lkexzh ds çkIr gksus dh voLFkk esa bls MkmuyksM ;k iQkWjoMZ u djsaA
vLohdj.k%
fo"k; dh xgjh le> j•us okys PW ONLY IAS fo'ks"kKksa ,oa vè;kidksa dh Vhe us iqLrdksa ds fy, dM+h esgur dh gSA tcfd bu iqLrdksa
dks rS;kj djus esa daVsaV cukus okyksa (daVsaV fØ,VlZ)] lEikndksa ,oa çdk'kdksa }kjk iw.kZ ç;Ru fd;k x;k gSA ;g iqLrd 'kSf{kd mís';ksa ds
fy, vfHkçsr gS rFkk ys•d iqLrd esa fufgr fdlh Hkh =kqfV ds fy, ftEesnkj ugha gksxkA fo"k; oLrq dh lVhdrk ds fy, tk¡p dh xbZ gSA
çdk'kd }kjk fo"k;&oLrq dks lVhd ,oa vkf/dkfjd tkudkjh çnku djus ds fy, fMtkbu fd;k gSA
;g iqLrd ,oa blesa fufgr O;fÙkQxr ;ksxnku çdk'kd }kjk dkWihjkbV vf/fu;e ds varxZr lqjf{kr gSaA
çfrfØ;k ds fy, bZesy djsa% support@pw.live
(;g iqLrd dsoy 'kSf{kd mís'; ds fy, mi;ksx dh tk,xhA)

izLrkouk
PW ONLY IAS dh ,d vR;f/d dq'ky fo'ks"kK Vhe ;g lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, dM+h esgur djrh gS fd Nk=kksa dks chih,llh ijh{kk
ds fy, lokZsÙke vè;;u lkexzh çkIr gksA
'kq#vkr ls gh daVsaV cukus okyksa (daVsaV fØ,VlZ)] leh{kdksa] MhVhih vkWijsVjksa] çwiQjhMjksa ,oa vU; yksxksa dh iwjh daVsaV Vhe Nk=kksa ds
fy, çHkko'kkyh vè;;u lkexzh rS;kj djus gsrq muds lokZsÙke Kku rFkk vuqHko ds vuqlkj vè;;u lkexzh dks vkdkj nsus esa layXu gSA
vè;kidksa us fo"k;&oLrq dks vklkuh ls le>us okyh Hkk"kk esa çLrqr djus dh ubZ 'kSyh viukbZ gS ,oa bl vè;;u lkexzh ds fuekZ.k
ds nkSjku Vhe dks viuk ekxZn'kZu rFkk i;Zos{k.k çnku fd;k gSA
PW ONLY IAS oSpkfjd ,oa euksjatd f'k{kk esa n`<+ fo'okl j•rk gSA PW ONLY IAS Nk=kksa dks xq.koÙkk rFkk Li"Vrk ykus ds fy,
mPp ijh{kk&mUeq• fo"k;&oLrq çnku djrk gSA
chih,llh vè;;u lkexzh cgqrk;r ds lkFk cktkj esa miyC/ gS] ijarq PW ONLY IAS fo'ks"kK gekjs chih,llh Nk=kksa ds fy, lokZsPp
vè;;u lkexzh çnku djus gsrq fujarj dk;Zjr gSaA
;g vè;;u lkexzh ijh{kk esa iwNs tkus okys ç'uksa dh çpqj fofo/rk ds lkFk vo/kj.kkvksa dk fo'ks"k ,oa le>us ds fy, cgqvk;keh
n`f"Vdks.k viukrh gS rFkk Nk=kksa dks çfr;ksxh ijh{kk ds fy, Kku ls lqlfTtr djrh gSA
bl vè;;u lkexzh dk eq[; mís'; gekjs Nk=kksa dks laf{kIr] Li"V] y?kq ,oa xq.koÙkkiw.kZ fo"k;&oLrq çnku djuk gSA
iqLrd dh fo'ks"krk,a
z fo"k;ksa dh lexz ppkZ] chih,llh çkjafHkd vkSj eq[; ijh{kk ds ikB;Øe ds iq.kZr% vuq:i
z fo"k;okj dojst ds fy, ou&LVkWi lkWY;w'ku
z Rofjr le> vkSj iqujh{k.k ds fy, vkjs•] ÝykspkVZ vkSj VkbeykbUl
z bl ijh{kk ds çkjafHkd vkSj eq[; pj.kksa dh ,dhÑr rS;kjh
fo"k;&lwph
1- fcgkj fo'ks"k djsaV viQs;lZ...........................1&73 z fcgkj% ,d ftyk ,d mRikn ..............................66
z fcgkj% ,d utj esa ................................................. 1 z fcgkj% Ñf"k jksMeSi ...............................................67
z fcgkj% Ñf"k&tyok;q {ks=k .....................................68
z fcgkj% orZeku jkT;iky] dSfcusV ea=kh vkSj
lfpo ......................................................................... 4 z fcgkj% fuekZ.kk/hu NksVs ty fo|qr la;a=k ..........69
z fcgkj ctV 2023&24............................................. 7 z fcgkj% FkeZy ikoj IykaV ......................................69
z fcgkj vkfFkZd loZs{k.k (2022&23) ...................10 z fcgkj% fofHkUu mRiknksa ds fy, mRÑ"Vrk dsæa ......... 69
z Hkkjr jkT; ou fjiksVZ% fcgkj................................22 z fcgkj% çeq• laxzgky; ..........................................69
z fcgkj% ubZ uhfr;ka vkSj dkuwu..............................25 z fcgkj% egRoiw.kZ vf/fu;e ..................................70
z fcgkj% jk"Vªh; Lrj ij lwpdkadksa esa jSafdax ........28 z fcgkj% ty laj{k.k ;kstuk,a lqf•Z;ksa esa ..............70
z fcgkj% •cjksa esa ,sIl vkSj iksVZy ........................30 z fcgkj% iwoZ&bfrgkl LFky .....................................71
z fcgkj ljdkj% y{; vkSj VkjxsV .........................31 z fcgkj% ;wjksih; yksxksa dk vkxeu ........................71
z tux.kuk 2011% fcgkj .......................................31 z fcgkj% •cjksa esa vfHk;ku .....................................71
z fcgkj% •sy lekpkj ..............................................33 z fcgkj% esys@R;ksgkj ..................................................72
z fcgkj% thvkbZ VSx ..................................................35 z fcgkj% iqjLdkj vkSj lEeku..................................72
z fcgkj% iqjLdkj vkSj lEeku..................................39 z fcgkj% egRoiw.kZ fudk;@,tsafl;k¡@çkf/dj.k.......73
z fcgkj ds çeaMy ,oa ftys...................................43 fcgkj% vH;kl ds fy, ,elhD;w............ 74&83

z iVuk çeaMy ...........................................................44 z lsV&1.......................................................................74
z frjgqr çeaMy .........................................................48 z lsV&2.......................................................................78
z eqaxsj çeaMy ............................................................51 2- jk"Vªh; djsaV visQ;lZ .................................... 84&86

z ex/ çeaMy ...........................................................54 z laoS/kfud in ds çeq•........................................84
z iwf.kZ;k çeaMy.........................................................57 3- osaQnzh; eaf=keaMy% egRoiw.kZ foHkkx ......... 87&88
z lkj.k çeaMy ..........................................................59 z dsaæh; eaf=keaMy% egRoiw.kZ foHkkx......................87
z njHkaxk çeaMy.........................................................60 4- jkT; vkSj dsaæ'kkflr çns'k% eq[;ea=kh
z dkslh çeaMy ..........................................................62 vkSj jkT;iky ................................................... 89&90
z Hkkxyiqj çeaMy .....................................................64 5- dsaæh; ctV% 2023&2024.......................... 91&92
z fcgkj fofo/...........................................................65 6- dsaæh; vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23........... 93&94
7- Hkkjrh; ou jkT; fjiksVZ 2021................. 95&95 14- foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh ............................ 112&115
8- la?k% çeq• ;kstuk,¡ ,oa 15- Hkkjr% le>kSrs vkSj ,evks;w................ 116&116
foHkkxh; ;kstuk,¡ ........................................... 96&97 16- Hkkjr% y{; vkSj mís'; ......................... 117&117
9- la?k% ubZ uhfr;k¡ vkSj fo/ku ..................... 98&99 17- egRoiw.kZ lwpdkad vkSj fjiksVZ ........... 118&121
10- pfpZr rwiQku@pØokr ............................ 100&100 18- iqjLdkj vkSj lEeku ................................ 122&129
11- la;qDr lSU; vH;kl ................................. 101&106 19- th-vkbZ- VSx ................................................ 130&131
12- varjkZ"Vªh; lEesyu vkSj f'k•j 20- pfpZr iqLrdsa vkSj ys•d .................... 132&135
lEesyu ............................................................107&108 21- fu/u .............................................................. 136&145
13- i;kZoj.k ,oa ikfjfLFkfrdh ................... 109&111 22- •sy ................................................................ 146&154
vi BPSC
WALLAH
1 fcgkj fo'ks"k djsaV viQs;lZ
fcgkj% ,d utj esa

lkekU; ifjp;
z ¶fcgkj¸ 'kCn ¶fogkj¸ ls fy;k x;k gS] bldk vFkZ ckS¼ eB gSA
;g Hkkjr ds iwohZ Hkkx esa fLFkr gS vkSj iwjh rjg ls Hkwfe ls f?kjk jkT; gSA
iVuk
;g xaxk unh ds nf{k.kh rV ij fLFkr gSA

fcgkj dh jkt/kuh
;g ukS ftyksa] ukyank] vjoy] tgkukckn] y•hljk;] csxwljk;] leLrhiqj] oS'kkyh]
lkj.k vkSj Hkkstiqj ls f?kjk gSA

22 ekpZ 1912 (fcgkj&mM+hlk çkar ds :i esa)
uhao çFke foHkktu% 1936 esa mM+hlkA
f}rh; foHkktu% >kj•aM (15 uoacj] 2000)
fganh
nwljh jktHkk"kk% mnZw

jktHkk"kk
vf/dre cksyh tkus okyh {ks=kh; Hkk"kk% eSfFkyh (92 osa laoS/kfud la'kks/u vf/fu;e]
2003 }kjk Hkkjrh; lafo/ku dh 8 oha vuqlwph esa tksM+k x;k)

jkT; dk mPp U;k;ky; iVuk mPp U;k;ky;
jkT; i'kq% xkSj (oSKkfud uke% ckWl xkSjl)
jkT; iq"i% xsank (oSKkfud uke% VSxsVl bjsDVk)

jkT; fpÉ
jkT; i{kh% ?kjsyw xkSjS;k (oSKkfud uke% iklj MksesfLVdl)
jkT; o`{k% ihiy (oSKkfud uke% fiQdl fjfyft;kslk)
94]163 oxZ fd-eh-
fcgkj dk {ks=kiQy ;g Hkkjr ds dqy {ks=kiQy dk 2-86» gSA
{ks=kiQy ds fglkc ls fcgkj Hkkjr dk 12 ok¡ lcls cM+k jkT; gSA
mÙkj% usiky
usiky ds lkFk lhek lk>k djus okys ftys ¹7º% if'peh paikj.k] iwohZ paikj.k]
lhrke<+h] e/qcuh] lqikSy] vjfj;k vkSj fd'kuxatA

HkkSxksfyd lhek,¡ fcgkj&usiky lhek dh yackbZ % 729 fdeh-
Hkkjr ds ikap jkT;ksa dh lhek usiky ls yxrh gS % fcgkj ¹729 fdyksehVjº]
mÙkj çns'k ¹560 fdyksehVjº] mÙkjk•aM ¹263 fdyksehVjº] if'pe caxky ¹100
fdyksehVjº vkSj flfDde ¹99 fdyksehVjº
if'pe% mÙkj çns'k
mÙkj çns'k ds lkFk lhek lk>k djus okys ftys ¹8º gSa% if'pe paikj.k] xksikyxat]
lkj.k] lhoku] Hkkstiqj] cDlj] dSewj vkSj jksgrklA

nf{k.k% >kj•aM
>kj•aM ds lkFk lhek lk>k djus okys ftys ¹8º jksgrkl] dSewj] vkSjaxkckn] x;k]
uoknk] teqbZ] Hkkxyiqj vkSj ckadk gSaA

iwoZ% if'pe caxky
if'pe caxky ds lkFk lhek lk>k djus okys ftys ¹3º fd'kuxat] iwf.kZ;k vkSj
dfVgkj gSaA
v{kka'kh; foLrkj% 24°20*10¸ mÙkj ls 27°31*15¸ mÙkj
ns'kkarjh; lhek% 83°19*50¸ iwoZ ls 88°17*40¸ iwoZ
HkkSfrd fo'ks"krk,¡ iwoZ&if'pe foLrkj% 483 fdeh
mÙkj&nf{k.k foLrkj% 345 fdeh
leqæ ry ls Å¡pkbZ% 173 iQhV
çHkkx% 9
ftys% 38 ¹ex/ çeaMy esa vjoy¾38 ok¡ ftykº
{ks=kiQy dh n`f"V ls 'kh"kZ ikap ftys%
if'peh paikj.k
x;k
ç'kklfud bdkb;k¡ iwohZ paikj.k
jksgrkl
dSewj
{ks=kiQy dh n`f"V ls f'kogj fcgkj dk lcls NksVk ftyk gSA
mi•.M% 101
lkeqnkf;d fodkl •aM% 534
yksdlHkk lhVsa% 40
jkT;lHkk lhVsa% 16
fo/ku lHkk lhVsa% 243
;g 1937 esa vfLrRo esa vk;kA
fo/ku ifj"kn lhVsa% 75
bldk xBu 1912 esa 43 lnL;ksa dh {kerk ds lkFk fd;k x;k FkkA
ifj"kn dh igyh cSBd 20 tuojh] 1913 dks ckadhiqj esa gqbZA
jktO;oLFkk Hkkjr ljdkj vf/fu;e] 1935 ds rgr] ifj"kn esa 29 lnL; 'kkfey FksA
çFke vke pquko ds ckn lnL;ksa dh la[;k c<+dj 72 gks xbZ vkSj 1958 esa bls
c<+kdj 96 dj fn;k x;kA

fcgkj iquxZBu vf/fu;e] 2000 }kjk ifj"kn dh lnL; la[;k 96 ls ?kVkdj 75
dj nh xbZA
yksdlHkk esa vuqlwfpr tkfr ds fy, vkjf{kr lhVsa% 06
fo/ku lHkk esa vuqlwfpr tkfr ds fy, vkjf{kr lhVsa% 38
fo/ku lHkk esa ,lVh ds fy, vkjf{kr lhVsa% 02
2 djsaV visQ;lZ ladyu BPSC

WALLAH
fo'o dk çFke yksdrkaf=kd x.kjkT;% ofTt la?k
fo'o dk çFke ;ksx fo'ofo|ky;% eqaxsj
fcgkj fo'o esa çFke fo'o dk lcls Åapk ckS¼ Lrwi% dslfj;k ¹paikj.kº
fo'o ds çFke xf.krK% vk;ZHkêð
fo'o dk çFke fo'ofo|ky;% ukyank fo'ofo|ky;A
çFke eq[;ea=kh% JhÑ".k flag
çFke efgyk eq[;ea=kh% jkcM+h nsoh
çFke eqfLye eq[;ea=kh% vCnqy xiQwj
çFke nfyr eq[;ea=kh% Hkksyk ikloku 'kkL=kh

fcgkj esa çFke
çFke mi eq[;ea=kh% vuqjkx ukjk;.k flUgk
çFke Lora=k eq[;ea=kh% egkek;k çlkn flUgk
Lora=krk ds ckn çFke jkT;iky% t; jke nkl nkSyr jke
çFke eqfLye jkT;iky% tkfdj gqlSu
fczfV'k 'kklu ds nkSjku çFke Hkkjrh; xouZj% ,lih flUgk ¹1921º
lafo/ku lHkk ds çFke vè;{k%
MkW- lfPpnkuan flUgk (9 fnlEcj] 1946 dks vLFkk;h vè;{k)A
MkW- jktsaæ çlkn (11 fnlacj] 1946 dks LFkk;h vè;{k ds :i esa pqus x,)A
fcgkj ls çFke in/kjh
Hkkjr ds çFke jk"Vªifr% MkW- jktsaæ çlkn
Hkkjr esa çFke xf.krK% vk;ZHkêðA
çFke efgyk yksdlHkk vè;{k% ehjk dqekj ¹2009º
Hkkjr ds çFke miç/kuea=kh% txthou jke
igyh Hkkstiqjh fiQYe% xaxk eS;k rksgs fi;jh p<+bcks
iQLVZ&ewoht bu fcgkj igyh eSfFkyh fiQYe% dU;knku
igyh fganh fiQYe% dy gekjk gS
igyk nSfud fgUnh lekpkj i=k% loZfgrS"kh
çFke lkIrkfgd fgUnh lekpkj i=k% fcgkj cU/q

fcgkj esa çFke&lekpkj i=k
igyk vaxzsth nSfud lekpkj i=k% n lpZykbV
igyk vaxzsth lkIrkfgd lekpkj i=k% n fcgkj gsjkYM
igyk Vhoh fjys dsaæ% eqtÝiQjiqj ¹1978º
çFke çkphu fo'ofo|ky;% ukyank fo'ofo|ky; ¹5 oha 'krkCnh bZ-º
igyk vk/qfud fo'ofo|ky;% iVuk fo'ofo|ky; (1917)
igyk •qyk fo'ofo|ky;% ukyank fo'ofo|ky;A
KkuihB iqjLdkj ikus okys igys O;fÙkQ% MkW- jke/kjh flag fnudj ¶moZ'kh¸ (1972)
vU;% fcgkj esa çFke
ds fy,A
v'kksd&pØ çkIr djus okys çFke% j.k/hj oekZA
igyk rsy fjiQkbujh dsaæ% :l ds lg;ksx ls csxqljk; ds cjkSuh esaA
fcgkj esa igyh phuh fey% e<+kSjk ¹1904º lkj.k ftys esaA
çFke flapkbZ ifj;kstuk% lksu ifj;kstukA
fcgkj fo'ks"k djsaV viQs;lZ 3

fcgkj esa ;wusLdks fo'o egkcksf/ eafnj ifjlj] cks/x;k (2002)
/jksgj LFky ¹02º ukyank egkfogkj dk iqjkrRo LFky (2016)
1962 esa MkW- jktsaæ çlknA
1963 esa MkW- tkfdj gqlSuA

fcgkj ds ftu O;fÙkQ;ksa dks
1992 esa ekSykuk vcqy dyke vktkn
Hkkjr jRu feyk
1999 esa t; çdk'k ukjk;.k
2000 esa mLrkn fcfLeYykg •kuA
ç[;kr gfLr;ksa ds oSdfYid uke

t; çdk'k ukjk;.k yksduk;d] tsih
MkW- jktsaæ çlkn ns'kjRu] vtkr'k=kq
MkW JhÑ".k flag fcgkj dsljh
jke/kjh flag fnudj jk"Vªdfo
ckcw txthou jke ckcwth
cS| ukFk feJ ckck] ukxktZqu
MkW- vuqxzg ukjk;.k flUgk fcgkj foHkwfr
fo|kifr egkdfo] eSfFky dksfdy
fcgkj% orZeku jkT;iky] dSfcusV ea=kh vkSj lfpo

Jh jktsaæ fo'oukFk vkyZsdj us 17 iQjojh 2023 dks fcgkj ds 41
osa ¹Lora=krk ds cknº jkT;iky ds :i esa 'kiFk yhA
mUgsa iVuk mPp U;k;ky; ds dk;Zokgd eq[; U;k;k/h'k pØ/kjh
fcgkj ds orZeku jkT;iky
'kj.k flag us 'kiFk fnyk;hA
blls igys] mUgksaus fgekpy çns'k ds jkT;iky vkSj xksok ljdkj esa
dSfcusV ea=kh ds :i esa dk;Z fd;kA

10 vxLr 2022 dks uhrh'k dqekj us 8 oha ckj fcgkj ds eq[;ea=kh
in dh 'kiFk yhA
mUgsa vkoafVr egRoiw.kZ iksVZiQksfy;ks%
gkse
eq[;ea=kh lkekU; ç'kklu
dSfcusV lfpoky;
tkx:drk
pquko
vU; foHkkx tks fdlh Hkh ea=kh dks vkoafVr ugha fd;s x;sA
rstLoh çlkn ;kno us 10 vxLr 2022 dks nwljh ckj fcgkj ds
mieq[;ea=kh in dh 'kiFk yhA

mUgsa vkoafVr egRoiw.kZ iksVZiQksfy;ks%
mieq[;ea=kh LokLF; ,oa ifjokj dY;k.k
lM+d fuekZ.k
vkokl ,oa 'kgjh fodkl
xzkeh.k dk;Z

WALLAH
i;kZoj.k] ou vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu ea=kh rst çrki ;kno
jktLo ,oa Hkwfe lq/kj ea=kh vkyksd dqekj esgrk
fiNM+k oxZ ,oa vR;ar fiNM+k oxZ dY;k.k ea=kh vfurk nsoh
lgdkfjrk ea=kh lqjsaæ çlkn ;kno
f'k{kk ea=kh pUæ'ks•j
Ñf"k ea=kh dqekj loZthr
•ku ,oa HkwfoKku ea=kh MkW jkekuan ;kno
yksd LokLF; ;kaf=kdh foHkkx ea=kh yfyr dqekj ;kno
dyk] laLÑfr vkSj ;qok ekeyksa ds ea=kh thrsUæ dqekj jk;
i;ZVu ea=kh dqekj loZthr
Je lalk/u ea=kh lqjsaæ jke
xUuk m|ksx ea=kh vkyksd dqekj esgrk
vkink çca/u ea=kh eksgEen 'kkguokt vkye
lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh ea=kh eksgEen bljkby ealwjh
dkuwu ea=kh 'kehe vgen
m|ksx ea=kh lehj dqekj egklsB
foÙk] okf.kfT;d dj] lalnh; dk;Z ea=kh fot; dqekj pkS/jh
ÅtkZ vkSj ;kstuk ,oa fodkl ea=khA c`tsUæ çlkn ;kno
ifjogu ea=kh 'khyk dqekjh eaMy
xzkeh.k fodkl ea=kh Jo.k dqekj
Hkou fuekZ.k ea=kh v'kksd pkS/jh
ty lalk/u] lwpuk ,oa tulaidZ ea=kh lat; dqekj >k
•k| ,oa miHkksÙkQk laj{k.k foHkkx ea=kh ys'kh flag
vYila[;d dY;k.k ea=kh eksgEen tek •ku
y?kq ty lalk/u ea=kh t;Ur jkt
lekt dY;k.k ea=kh enu lguh
mRikn ,oa e| fu"ks/ ea=kh lquhy dqekj flag
i'kqikyu vkSj eRL; ikyu ea=kh eksgEen viQkd vkye
iapk;rh jkt ea=kh eqjkjh çlkn xkSre
,llh@,lVh dY;k.k ea=kh larks"k dqekj flag
foKku ,oa çkS|ksfxdh ea=kh lqfer dqekj flag
ds fouksn paæu dks iVuk mPp U;k;ky; dk u;k eq[; U;k;k/h'k
fu;qÙkQ fd;k x;k gSA

mUgksaus U;k;ewfrZ lat; djksy dk LFkku fy;k] ftUgsa lokZsPp U;k;ky;
ds U;k;k/h'k ds :i esa inksUur fd;k x;k gSA

iVuk mPp U;k;ky; ds eq[; U;k;k/h'k 29 ekpZ] 2023 dks fcgkj ds jkT;iky jktsaæ fo'oukFk vkyZsdj us
mUgsa in vkSj xksiuh;rk dh 'kiFk fnykbZA

os 26 vçSy] 2025 dks lsokfuo`Ùk gksaxsA
blls igys] mUgksaus dsjy mPp U;k;ky; ds ofj"Bre U;k;k/h'k
ds :i esa dk;Z fd;kA

;kn j•us ;ksX; egRoiw.kZ rF;%
iVuk ds mPp U;k;ky; Hkou dh vk/kjf'kyk 1 fnlacj] 1913 dks
ykWMZ gkfMZax }kjk j•h xbZ FkhA

iVuk mPp U;k;ky; dh LFkkiuk 3 iQjojh 1916 dks gqbZ FkhA
blus viuk dke ,d eq[; U;k;k/h'k vkSj Ng vU; U;k;k/h'kksa
ds lkFk 'kq: fd;kA

lj ,MoMZ esukMZ Msl pSaIl pSfe;j iVuk mPp U;k;ky; ds igys
eq[; U;k;k/h'k FksA

iVuk mPp U;k;ky; esa U;k;k/h'kksa dh LohÑr la[;k 53 gSA
orZeku esa] blesa 32 U;k;k/h'k gSa ¹1 eq[; U;k;k/h'k$31 vU;
U;k;k/h'kº
fcgkj ds eq[; lfpo vehj lqcgkuh
fcgkj ds jkT;iky ds ç/ku lfpo Jh jkWcVZ ,y- pksaXFkw
fcgkj ds eq[;ea=kh ds ç/ku lfpo ,l fl¼kFkZ
fcgkj ds x`g lfpo ds- lsafFky dqekj
fcgkj ds iqfyl egkfuns'kd jktfoanj flag Hkêðh
fcgkj ds egkf/oÙkQk ihds 'kkgh
fcgkj ds jkT; pquko vk;qÙkQ nhid çlkn
,pvkj Jhfuokl
fcgkj ds eq[; fuokZpu inkf/dkjh ekuuh; Jh Jh/j oklqnso lksgksuh fcgkj ds igys yksdk;qÙkQ Fks]
ftudh fu;qfÙkQ 1973 esa gqbZ FkhA

fouksn dqekj flUgk
ekuokf/dkj laj{k.k vf/fu;e 1993] laln dk ,d vf/fu;e]
jk"Vªh; Lrj ij jk"Vªh; ekuokf/dkj vk;ksx vkSj jkT; Lrj ij jkT;

ekuokf/dkj vk;ksx dh LFkkiuk dk çko/ku djrk gSA
fcgkj jkT; esa] jkT; ekuokf/dkj vk;ksx dh LFkkiuk 3 tuojh
fcgkj jkT; ekuokf/dkj vk;ksx ds vè;{k
2000 dks vf/lwpuk la[;k 207 ds ekè;e ls dh xbZ FkhA
gkyk¡fd] vk;ksx dk xBu vkSipkfjd :i ls 25-6-2008 dks
vfèklwpuk la[;k 6896 ds ekè;e ls fd;k x;k Fkk] tc tEew&d'ehj

vkSj jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky;ksa ds iwoZ eq[; U;k;k/h'k Jh U;k;ewfrZ
,l-,u- >k dks vè;{k fu;qÙkQ fd;k x;kA
ujsaæ dqekj flUgk
fcgkj ds eq[; lwpuk vk;qÙkQ bldh LFkkiuk lwpuk dk vf/dkj vf/fu;e] 2005 ds çko/kuksa
ds vuqlkj 26 vxLr] 2008 dks dh xbZ FkhA

fcgkj fiNM+k oxZ vk;ksx ds vè;{k lat; dqekj
fcgkj vR;ar fiNM+k oxZ vk;ksx ds vè;{k MkW- uohu pUæ vk;Z
fcgkj fo/ku lHkk ds vè;{k vo/ fcgkjh pkS/jh
fcgkj fo/ku lHkk ds mikè;{k egs'oj gtkjh
fcgkj fo/ku lHkk esa foi{k ds usrk fot; dqekj flUgk
fcgkj fo/ku ifj"kn ds lHkkifr nsos'k paæ Bkdqj

WALLAH
fcgkj fo/ku ifj"kn ds mikè;{k jkepUæ iwoZs
fcgkj fo/ku ifj"kn esa foi{k ds usrk gfj lkguh ¹Hkktik ,e,ylhº
MkW mn; dkar feJ-
laln }kjk ikfjr vkink çca/u vf/fu;e] 2005 ds çko/kuksa ds
rgr cukbZ xbZ ,d oS/kfud laLFkk gSA

fcgkj ,lMh,e, dh LFkkiuk laln }kjk ikfjr vkink çca/u
vfèkfu;e] 2005 dh /kjk 14 (1) ds rgr 6 uoacj 2007 dks

vfèklwpuk la[;k 3449 ds rgr dh xbZ FkhA
bl vf/fu;e us Hkkjr esa vkink çca/u dh f=kLrjh; ç.kkyh dk
fcgkj jkT; vkink çca/u çkf/dj.k
fuekZ.k fd;k gSA
¹ch,lMh,e,º ds mikè;{k
jk"Vªh; Lrj ij] ,d jk"Vªh; vkink çca/u çkf/dj.k (,uMh,e,)
cuk;k x;k gS] ftlds vè;{k Hkkjr ds ekuuh; ç/ku ea=kh gSa]
iw.kZdkfyd mikè;{k vkSj dbZ fo'ks"kK blds lnL; gSaA
blh rtZ ij jkT; Lrj ij ,lMh,e, cuk, x, gSa] ftldh vè;{krk
ekuuh; eq[;ea=kh] ,d mikè;{k vkSj vU; lnL; djrs gSaA

ftyk Lrj ij ftyk dysDVjksa dh vè;{krk esa ftyk vkink çca/u
çkf/dj.k (MhMh,e,) LFkkfir fd, x, gSaA
fcgkj ctV 2023&24 djksM+)] lM+d (17]487 djksM+) vkSj lkekftd dY;k.k
{ks=k (12]439 djksM+) gSaA
ifjp;
z fiNys 10 o"kks± esa fcgkj dh vFkZO;oLFkk dk vkdkj yxHkx ctV dh eq[; fcanq
rhu xquk gks x;k gSA jkT; dk ldy ?kjsyw mRikn foÙkh; z 2023&24 ds fy, fcgkj dk ldy jkT; ?kjsyw mRikn
o"kZ 2011&12 esa 2-47 yk• djksM+ ls c<+dj foÙkh; o"kZ (th,lMhih) (ekStwnk dherksa ij) 8-59 yk• djksM+ #i;s
2021&22 esa 6-75 yk• djksM+ gks x;k gSA gksus dk vuqeku gS] tks 2022&23 (7-89 yk• djksM+ #i;s)
z 2021&22 esa fcgkj dh vkfFkZd fodkl nj 10-98 iQhlnh dh rqyuk esa 8-9» dh o`f¼ gSA
jgh] tcfd jk"Vªh; vkfFkZd fodkl nj 8-7 iQhlnh jgh- z 2023&24 esa O;; (½.k pqdkSrh dks NksM+dj) 2]38]327
z ifj.kkeLo:i] vkfFkZd fodkl ds ekeys esa fcgkj lHkh djksM+ #i;s gksus dk vuqeku gS] tks 2022&23 ds la'kksf/r
Hkkjrh; jkT;ksa esa rhljs LFkku ij jgkA vuqeku ls 12» de gSA blds vykok jkT; dks 23]559
z fcgkj ctV 2023&24 jkT; ds foÙk ea=kh fot; dqekj djksM+ #i;s dk dtZ Hkh pqdkuk gksxk- 2022&23 esa O;;
pkSèkjh }kjk fcgkj fo/kulHkk esa is'k fd;k x;kA (½.k Hkqxrku dks NksM+dj) ctV vuqeku ls 21» vf/d
ctV dk dqy ifjO;;% 2]61]885-40 djksM+ #i;sA
gksus dk vuqeku gSA
;g 2022&23 ds ctV ds dqy ifjO;; (2-37 yk• z 2023&24 ds fy, çkfIr;ka (m/kj dks NksM+dj) 2]12]759
djksM+ #i;s) ls 24]194 djksM+ #i;s (10-17») djksM+ #i;s gksus dk vuqeku gS] tks 2022&23 ds la'kksf/r
vf/d gSA vuqeku ls 6» vf/d gSA 2022&23 esa çkfIr;ka (m/kj dks
2023&24 ds fy, jktdks"kh; ?kkVk ldy jkT; NksM+dj) ctV vuqeku ls 2» vf/d gksus dk vuqeku gSA
?kjsyw mRikn (th,lMhih) dk 2-98» vkadk x;k gS] z 2023&24 esa jktLo vf/'ks"k 4]479 djksM+ #i;s (th,lMhih
tks jktdks"kh; mÙkjnkf;Ro ctV çca/u vf/fu;e dk 0-5») gksus dk vuqeku gSA la'kksf/r vuqeku ds vuqlkj
(,iQvkjch,e) ds rgr fu/kZfjr 3» dh vuqes; lhek 2022&23 esa jkT; dks 28]349 djksM+ #i;s (th,lMhih dk
ds Hkhrj gSA 3-6») dk jktLo ?kkVk gksus dh mEehn gSA jkT; us ctV
lcls vf/d vkoaVu f'k{kk ds fy, gS] ftldk dqy Lrj ij 2022&23 esa 4]748 djksM+ #i;s (th,lMhih dk
ifjO;; `40]450 djksM+ gS] blds ckn LokLF; (16]966 0-6») ds jktLo vf/'ks"k dk vuqeku yxk;k FkkA

z 2023&24 esa jktdks"kh; ?kkVk th,lMhih dk 3» (25]568 rqyuk esa] 2022&23 esa] jkT; dks 28]349 djksM+ #i;s
djksM+ #i;s) yf{kr gSA 2022&23 esa] la'kksf/r vuqeku (th,lMhih dk 3-6») dk jktLo ?kkVk gksus dh mEehn
ds vuqlkj] jktdks"kh; ?kkVk th,lMhih dk 8-8» gksus dh gSA 2023&24 esa jktdks"kh; ?kkVk th,lMhih dk 3» gksus
mEehn gS] tks th,lMhih ds 3-5» ds ctV vuqeku ls dk vuqeku gS] tks dsaæh; ctV 2023&24 ds vuqlkj dsaæ
dkiQh vf/d gSA ;g ns•rs gq, fd 2022&23 ds fy, ljdkj }kjk vuqer th,lMhih ds 3-5» dh lhek ds Hkhrj
vuqer jktdks"kh; ?kkVs dh lhek th,lMhih dk 4» gS] gS (ftlesa ls] th,lMhih dk 0-5» fctyh {ks=k esa lq/kj
la'kksf/r vuqeku dk;e jgus dh laHkkouk ugha gSA djus ij miyC/ djk;k tk,xk)
ctV 2023&24% ctV dh nl çkFkfedrk,¡ z 2022&23 esa] la'kksf/r vuqeku ds vuqlkj] O;; (½.k
Hkqxrku dks NksM+dj) ctV vuqeku ls 21» vf/d gksus
1- ;qok vkSj jkstxkj
dh mEehn gSA
2- vYila[;d dY;k.k
bldh rqyuk esa] çkfIr;k¡ (m/kj dks NksM+dj) ctV
3- LokLF; {ks=k vuqeku ls dsoy 2» vf/d gksus dh mEehn gSA
4- iqfyl cy dk lqn`<+hdj.k ,oa vk/qfudhdj.k ifj.kkeLo:i] jkT; dk jktLo ?kkVk vkSj jktdks"kh;
5- Ñf"k ,oa xzkeh.k fodkl ?kkVk lacaf/r ctV vuqeku ls dkiQh vf/d gksus dh
6- gfjr fodkl mEehn gSA la'kksf/r vuqeku ds vuqlkj 2022&23 esa
7- vk/kjHkwr lajpuk jktdks"kh; ?kkVk th,lMhih dk 8-8» jgus dh mEehn gSA
8- vkS|ksfxd fodkl ;g ns•rs gq, fd 2022&23 ds fy, vuqer jktdks"kh;
9- 'kgjh fodkl ?kkVs dh lhek th,lMhih dk 4» gS] bu la'kksf/r

vuqekuksa ds fVdus dh laHkkouk ugha gSA blfy,]
uhfr dh eq[; fcanq 2022&23 esa okLrfod O;; la'kksf/r vuqeku ls dkiQh
z Ñf"k% dbZ fe'ku 'kq: djus dk çLrko gS% (i) fcgkj de gks ldrk gSA
cktjk fe'ku] (ii) fcgkj nygu vkSj frygu fodkl fe'ku]
vkSj (iii) iQly fofo/hdj.k fe'kuA nygu vkSj frygu 2023&24 esa O;;
ij fo'ks"k iQksdl ds lkFk pkSFkk Ñf"k jksMeSi ykxw fd;k z 2023&24 ds fy, jktLo O;; 2]07]848 djksM+ #i;s
tk,xkA jkT; ds Ñf"k cktkj ;kMks± ds cqfu;knh <kaps dk çLrkfor gS] tks 2022&23 ds la'kksf/r vuqeku ls 9»
vk/qfudhdj.k fd;k tk,xkA de gSA
z Hkwty laj{k.k% Hkwty laj{k.k ds fy, mRÑ"Vrk dsaæ blesa osru] isa'ku] C;kt] vuqnku vkSj lfClMh ij gksus
LFkkfir fd;k tk,xkA okyk •pZ 'kkfey gSA 2022&23 esa jktLo O;; ctV
z ljdkjh HkrhZ% fcgkj yksd lsok vk;ksx] deZpkjh p;u vuqeku ls 19» vf/d jgus dk vuqeku gSA
vk;ksx vkSj rduhdh lsok vk;ksx }kjk dqy 63]900 inksa z 2023&24 ds fy, iwath ifjO;; 29]257 djksM+ #i;s
dks Hkjus ds fy, vf/;kpuk nh xbZ gSA iqfyl esa 75]543 çLrkfor gS] tks 2022&23 ds la'kksf/r vuqeku ls 26»
inksa ds l`tu dks eatwjh nh x;h gSA de gSA iwathxr ifjO;; ifjlaifÙk;ksa ds fuekZ.k ij gksus
okys O;; dks n'kkZrk gSA 2022&23 esa] la'kksf/r vuqeku ds
2023&24 ds fy, ctV vuqeku vuqlkj] iwath ifjO;; ctV vuqeku ls 33» vf/d gksus
z 2023&24 esa O;; (½.k pqdkSrh dks NksM+dj) 2]38]327 dh mEehn gSA
djksM+ #i;s dk y{; gS] tks 2022&23 ds la'kksf/r vuqeku
ls 12» de gSA bl O;; dks 2]12]759 djksM+ #i;s dh çfrc¼ O;;
çkfIr;ksa (m/kj dks NksM+dj) vkSj 25]768 djksM+ #i;s dh z fdlh jkT; ds çfrc¼ O;; esa osru] isa'ku vkSj C;kt ds
'kq¼ m/kjh ds ekè;e ls iwjk djus dk çLrko gSA 2023&24 Hkqxrku ij O;; 'kkfey gSA 2023&24 esa] fcgkj esa çfrc¼
esa dqy çkfIr;k¡ (m/kj ds vykok) 2022&23 ds la'kksf/r O;; ij 78]910 djksM+ #i;s •pZ gksus dk vuqeku gS] tks
vuqeku ls 6» dh o`f¼ ntZ djus dh mEehn gSA bldh jktLo çkfIr;ksa dk 37» gSA
z 2023&24 esa] jkT; us 4]479 djksM+ #i;s ds jktLo vf/'ks"k z blesa osru (jktLo çkfIr;ksa dk 15»)] isa'ku (14») vkSj
dk vuqeku yxk;k gS] tks th,lMhih dk 0-5» gSA bldh C;kt (9») ij •pZ 'kkfey gSA 2022&23 esa] vkSlru]

WALLAH
jkT;ksa us viuh jktLo çkfIr;ksa dk 54» çfrc¼ O;; enksa jkT; vius lalk/uksa ls tqVk,xk vkSj 1]56]115 djksM+ #i;s
ds fy, vkoafVr fd;k FkkA (74») dsaæ ls vk,xkA dsaæ ls lalk/u dsaæh; djksa esa
z fcgkj esa de çfrc¼ O;; eq[; :i ls osru ij de jkT; dh fgLlsnkjh (jktLo çkfIr;ksa dk 49») vkSj vuqnku
•pZ ds dkj.k gSA (jktLo çkfIr;ksa dk 25») ds :i esa gksaxsA
z 2023&24 esa] isa'ku vkSj C;kt Hkqxrku esa fiNys o"kZ dh z jkT; dk viuk dj jktLo% fcgkj dk dqy Lo;a dk dj
rqyuk esa Øe'k% 16» vkSj 13» dh o`f¼ gksus dh mEehn jktLo 2023&24 esa 49]700 djksM+ #i;s gksus dk vuqeku
gS] tcfd osru ij O;; 4» c<+us dh mEehn gSA gS] tks 2022&23 ds la'kksf/r vuqeku ls 20» vf/d
gSA th,lMhih ds çfr'kr ds :i esa Lo;a dk dj jktLo
{ks=kokj O;;
2023&24 esa 5-8» vuqekfur gSA 2022&23 ds fy,] jkT;
z uhps lwphc¼ {ks=kksa dk 2023&24 esa {ks=kksa ij dqy O;; dk us ctV Lrj ij bl vuqikr dk vuqeku 5-6» yxk;k Fkk]
66» fgLlk gSA gkykafd] la'kksf/r vuqeku ds vuqlkj] ;g de (5-2»)
fcgkj ctV 2023&24 ds rgr {ks=kokj O;; (djksM+ #i;s esa) gksus dh mEehn gSA
lsDVlZ ctV çko/ku 2023&24 z dsaæ ls LFkkukarj.k% 2023&24 esa] dsaæh; djksa esa jkT; dh
eujsxk ds fy, 3]852 djksM+ #i;s vkoafVr fgLlsnkjh 1]02]737 djksM+ #i;s vuqekfur gS] tks 2022&23
xzkeh.k
fd, x, gSaA ih,eth,lokbZ ds fy, 3]610 ds la'kksf/r vuqeku ls 8» vf/d gSA 2023&24 ds fy,
fodkl
djksM+ #i;s vkoafVr fd, x, gSaA dsaæ ls vuqnku ds :i esa çkfIr;ka 53]378 djksM+ #i;s gksus
'kgjh {ks=kksa esa LokLF; lsokvksa ds çko/ku ds dk vuqeku gS] tks fiNys o"kZ dh rqyuk esa 8» de gSA
LokLF;
fy, 3]691 djksM+ #i;s vkoafVr fd, x, de vuqnku dk ,d çeq• dkj.k twu 2022 ls th,lVh
,oa ifjokj
gSaA LokLF; lsokvksa ij iwath ifjO;; ds fy, {kfriwfrZ vuqnku dk can gksuk gSA
dY;k.k
1]830 djksM+ #i;s vkoafVr fd, x, gSaA z 2023&24 esa] jkT; th,lVh (,lth,lVh) Lo;a ds dj
lekt eq[;ea=kh o`¼tu isa'ku ;kstuk ds fy, 1]029 jktLo dk lcls cM+k lzksr gksus dk vuqeku gS] tks dqy
dY;k.k ,oa djksM+ #i;s vkoafVr fd, x, gSaA dk 63» ;ksxnku nsrk gSA
iks"k.k
2023&24 ds fy, ?kkVk] ½.k vkSj ,iQvkjch,e
ftyk iqfyl dks 6]345 djksM+ #i;s vkoafVr
iqfyl y{;
fd;s x;s gSaA
lLrh fctyh ds fy, lfClMh ds fy, 9]103 fcgkj jktdks"kh; mÙkjnkf;Ro vkSj ctV çca/u vf/fu;e] 2006
ÅtkZ jkT; ljdkj dh cdk;k nsunkfj;ksa] jktLo ?kkVs vkSj jktdks"kh;
djksM+ #i;s vkoafVr fd, x, gSaA
?kkVs dks mÙkjksÙkj de djus ds fy, okf"kZd y{; çnku djrk gSA
lM+dksa vkSj iqyksa ij iwath ifjO;; ds fy,
ifjogu jktLo vf/'ks"k%
3]986 djksM+ #i;s vkoafVr fd, x, gSaA
'kgjh LekVZ flVh fe'ku ds fy, 940 djksM+ #i;s ;g jktLo çkfIr;ksa vkSj jktLo O;; dk varj gSA
fodkl vkoafVr fd;s x;s gSaA jktLo vf/'ks"k dk vFkZ gS fd ljdkj dk jktLo
Ñf"k foHkkx }kjk ç'kkflr fofHkUu ;kstukvksa mu •pks± dks doj djus ds fy, i;kZIr gS tks bldh
Ñf"k ,oa laifÙk esa o`f¼ ugha djrs gSa ;k bldh nsunkfj;ksa dks
ds rgr lfClMh ds fy, 415 djksM+ #i;s
lac¼ de ugha djrs gSaA
vkoafVr fd, x, gSaA blesa Ñf"k ;a=khdj.k ds
xfrfof/;k¡
fy, 100 djksM+ #i;s dh lfClMh 'kkfey gSA ctV esa 2023&24 esa 4]479 djksM+ #i;s (th,lMhih
bafnjk vkokl@ç/kuea=kh vkokl ;kstuk ds fy, dk 0-5») ds jktLo vf/'ks"k dk vuqeku gSA 2022&23
vkokl
6]789 djksM+ #i;s vkoafVr fd, x, gSaA esa] la'kksf/r vuqeku ds vuqlkj] jkT; dks ctV Lrj
ij 4]748 djksM+ #i;s (th,lMhih dk 0-6») ds
2023&24 esa çkfIr;ka jktLo vf/'ks"k ds y{; ds eqdkcys] 28]349 djksM+
z 2023&24 ds fy, dqy jktLo çkfIr;ka 2]12]327 djksM+ #i;s (th,lMhih dk 3-6») dk jktLo ?kkVk ns•us
#i;s gksus dk vuqeku gS] tks 2022&23 ds la'kksf/r vuqeku dh mEehn gSA 2021&22 esa] jkT; esa 422 djksM+ #i;s
ls 6» vf/d gSA blesa ls 56]212 djksM+ #i;s (26») (th,lMhih dk 0-1») dk jktLo ?kkVk ns•k x;kA

jktdks"kh; ?kkVk% z ;g lHkh {ks=kksa&vkS|ksfxd] Ñf"k] fofuekZ.k lfgr vU; dk
;g dqy çkfIr;ksa ij dqy O;; dk vkf/D; gSA foLr`r lkaf[;dh; MsVk nsdj fiNys foÙkh; o"kZ esa fcgkj
;g varj ljdkj }kjk m/kj ysdj iwjk fd;k tkrk gS
esa vkfFkZd fodkl dh leh{kk djrk gSA
vkSj dqy nsunkfj;ksa esa o`f¼ gksrh gSA z blds vykok] ;g fiNys o"kZ esa jkT; ds laiw.kZ O;kid
2023&24 esa jktdks"kh; ?kkVk th,lMhih dk 3» jgus
vFkZ'kkL=k dk fo'ys"k.k djrk gS vkSj vxys foÙkh; o"kZ ds
dk vuqeku gSA ;g dsaæh; ctV ds vuqlkj 2023&24 fy, ,d :ijs•k çnku djrk gSA
ds fy, dsaæ ljdkj }kjk vuqer th,lMhih ds 3-5» fcgkj dk igyk vkfFkZd loZs{k.k dc çLrqr fd;k x;k
dh lhek ds Hkhrj gS (ftlesa ls] th,lMhih dk 0-5» Fkk\
fctyh {ks=k esa lq/kj djus ij miyC/ djk;k tk,xk)A z fcgkj dk igyk vkfFkZd loZs{k.k o"kZ 2006&07 esa çLrqr
la'kksf/r vuqeku ds vuqlkj] 2022&23 esa jkT; dk fd;k x;k FkkA vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 fcgkj dk
jktdks"kh; ?kkVk th,lMhih dk 8-8» gksus dh mEehn 17 oka loZs{k.k gSA bls foÙk ea=kh ¶fot; dqekj pkS/jh¸
gS] tks th,lMhih ds 3-5» ds ctV vuqeku ls dkiQh us çLrqr fd;kA
vf/d gSA
vkfFkZd loZs{k.k dc vkSj dkSu çLrqr djrk gS\
;g 2022&23 ds fy, dsaæ ljdkj }kjk vuqer 4»
z vkfFkZd loZs{k.k gj lky ctV l=k ds nkSjku jkT; foèkkueaMy
dh lhek (ftlesa ls] th,lMhih dk 0-5» fctyh
esa çLrqr fd;k tkrk gSA
{ks=k esa lq/kj djus ij miyC/ gks tkrk gS) ls Hkh
z vkfFkZd loZs{k.k vke rkSj ij foÙk ea=kh }kjk fo/kueaMy
dkiQh vf/d gSA blfy,] blds vfrjaftr gksus dh
iwjh laHkkouk gSA esa jkT; ctV dh çLrqfr ls ,d fnu igys çLrqr fd;k
2021&22 esa Hkh] la'kksf/r pj.k esa] jkT; us th,lMhih
tkrk gSA
ds 11-3» ds jktdks"kh; ?kkVs dk vuqeku yxk;k gS] vkfFkZd loZs{k.k nLrkostksa esa D;k 'kkfey gS\
ftlesa O;; (½.k pqdkSrh dks NksM+dj) ctV vuqeku z loZs{k.k ds nks Hkkx gSa & ,d] jkT; ds lkeus vkus okyh
ls 18» vf/d gksus dk vuqeku gSA gkyk¡fd] 2023&24 vkfFkZd pqukSfr;ksa dk fooj.k vkSj nwljs esa chrs o"kZ dh
ctV esa çLrqr okLrfod vkadM+ksa ds vuqlkj] 2021&22 leh{kkA
esa jktdks"kh; ?kkVk th,lMhih dk 3-8» Fkk (dsaæ
ljdkj }kjk vuqer th,lMhih ds 4-5» dh lhek ds D;k vkfFkZd loZs{k.k is'k djuk ljdkj ds fy, ckè;dkjh
Hkhrj)A gS\
z ugha] lafo/ku esa bldk dgha mYys• ugha gSA
cdk;k nsunkfj;ka%
z gkyk¡fd] vc gj lky ctV ls igys vkfFkZd loZs{k.k is'k
cdk;k nsunkfj;ka ,d foÙkh; o"kZ ds var esa dqy m/kj
djuk ljdkjh çFkk dk fgLlk gSA
dk lap; gS] blesa lkoZtfud •krs ij dbZ nsunkfj;ka
Hkh 'kkfey gSaA
vè;k; I: fcgkj dh vFkZO;oLFkk% ,d flagkoyksdu
2023&24 ds var esa jkT; dh cdk;k nsunkfj;ka
z fcgkj dh vFkZO;oLFkk us 2021&22 esa etcwr lq/kj ntZ
th,lMhih dk 37-8» gksus dk vuqeku gSA
fd;kA
2020&21 vkSj 2021&22 esa O;; ds foÙkiks"k.k ds fy,
Rofjr vuqeku ds vuqlkj] fLFkj dherksa ij ldy jkT;
m/kj ij c<+rh fuHkZjrk ds dkj.k gky ds o"kks± esa cdk;k
?kjsyw mRikn (th,lMhih) esa 10-98 çfr'kr dh etcwr
nsunkfj;ka c<+h gSaA 2025&26 ds var esa cdk;k nsunkfj;ka
o`f¼ ntZ dh xbZ] tcfd 2020&21 esa (&)3-2 çfr'kr
th,lMhih ds 37» rd de gksus dh mEehn gSA
dh o`f¼ gqbZ FkhA 2021&22 esa jk"Vªh; fodkl nj 8-68
fcgkj vkfFkZd loZs{k.k (2022&23) çfr'kr jgh-
z fcgkj vis{kkÑr de vk; okyk Hkkjrh; jkT; gSA
ifjp; Rofjr vuqeku ds vuqlkj] 2021&22 esa fcgkj dh
vkfFkZd loZs{k.k fcgkj ljdkj ds foÙk foHkkx dk çeq• okf"kZd th,lMhih ekStwnk dherksa ij 675448 djksM+ #i;s vkSj
nLrkost gSA fLFkj (2011&12) dherksa ij 428065 djksM+ #i;s FkhA

WALLAH
2021&22 esa jkT; dk ,u,lMhih ekStwnk dherksa ij mnkgj.k ds fy,] 2021&22 esa jkT; ljdkj dh jktLo
614431 djksM+ #i;s vkSj fLFkj dherksa ij 382274 çkfIr esa mYys•uh; o`f¼ gqbZA
djksM+ #i;s FkkA jkT; ljdkj us c<+h gqbZ jktLo çkfIr dk mi;ksx O;;
2021&22 esa fcgkj dh çfr O;fÙkQ th,lMhih ekStwnk ds c<+s gq, Lrj ds lkFk&lkFk jktLo vkSj jktdks"kh;
dherksa ij 54]383 #i;s FkhA fLFkj (2011&12) dherksa ?kkVs nksuksa esa deh ykus ds fy, fd;kA
ij 34]465A z 2021&22 esa jkT; ljdkj dk dqy O;; 1-93 yk• djksM+
z çkFkfed {ks=k ds varxZr% #i;s FkkA
th,lMhih dh o`f¼ esa nks lcls egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnkudrkZ blesa ls #- 1-59 yk• djksM+ (82-4 çfr'kr) jktLo
î'kq/u* vkSj êRL; ikyu vkSj tyÑf"k* jgs gSa] O;; Fkk] vkSj #- 0-34 yk• djksM+ (17-6 çfr'kr)
ftUgksaus 2017&18 vkSj 2021&22 ds chp 9-5 vkSj 6-7 iwathxr O;; FkkA
çfr'kr dh o`f¼ nj ntZ dh gSA z lkekU; lsokvksa ij jkT; ljdkj dk O;; 2021&22 esa
gkyk¡fd] ^•uu ,oa mR•uu* us Hkh 9-0 çfr'kr dh 48]939 djksM+ #i;s FkkA
mPp o`f¼ nj ntZ dh gSA blesa ls 13]822 djksM+ #i;s (28-2 iQhlnh) C;kt
z f}rh;d {ks=k ds varxZr% Hkqxrku FkkA lkekftd lsok vkSj vkfFkZd lsok O;;
;g bZthMCY;w;w,l (fctyh] xSl] ty vkiwfrZ vkSj vU; Øe'k% 76]115 djksM+ #i;s vkSj 34]166 djksM+ #i;s FkkA
mi;ksfxrk lsok,a) Fkh tks 2017&18 ls 2021&22 rd jkT; ljdkj us c<+s gq, iwathxr O;; ij è;ku dsafær
14-5 çfr'kr dh mPp nj ls c<+ jgh FkhA djuk tkjh j•k] tks fiNys o"kZ dh rqyuk esa 29-4
z r`rh;d {ks=k esa% çfr'kr c<+dj #i;s 2021&22 esa 33]903 djksM+ #i;s
2017&18 ls 2021&22 rd lcls rsth ls c<+us okys gks x;kA
{ks=k Fks & ok;q ifjogu (10-5 çfr'kr)] HkaMkj.k (21-3 z jktLo •krs esa çkfIr fiNys o"kZ dh rqyuk esa 2021&22 esa
çfr'kr)] foÙkh; lsok,¡ (12-6 çfr'kr) vkSj yksd 23-9 çfr'kr c<+dj 1]58]797 djksM+ #i;s rd igqap xbZ]
ç'kklu (9-3 çfr'kr)A tcfd bl •krs esa O;; 14-1 çfr'kr c<+dj 1]59]220
z th,lMhih ds çeq• {ks=kksa dh fgLlsnkjh ds lanHkZ esa% djksM+ #i;s rd igqap x;kA
çkFkfed {ks=k esa 2020&21 esa 21-4 çfr'kr ls ekewyh blds ifj.kkeLo:i] jkT; ljdkj vius jktLo ?kkVs dks
fxjkoV ns•h xbZ vkSj 2021&22 esa 21-2 çfr'kr gks xbZA 2020&21 esa 11]325 djksM+ #i;s ls 96-3 çfr'kr de
f}rh;d {ks=k esa Hkh NksVh fxjkoV ntZ dh xbZ & djds ek=k 422 djksM+ #i;s dj ldhA
2020&21 esa 19-3 çfr'kr ls 2021&22 esa 18-1 z jkT; ljdkj us 2021&22 esa vius lzksrksa ls 38]839 djksM+
çfr'kr gks xbZA #i;s dk jktLo ,d=k fd;kA ftlesa ls djksa ls ,df=kr
fnypLi ckr ;g gS fd 2020&21 vkSj 2021&22 ds jktLo 34]855 djksM+ #i;s (89-7 çfr'kr) Fkk] vkSj
chp r`rh;d {ks=k us viuh fgLlsnkjh esa 59-3 çfr'kr xSj&dj jktLo 3984 djksM+ #i;s (10-3 çfr'kr) FkkA
ls 60-7 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ ntZ dhA z 2021&22 esa dsaæ ljdkj ls jkT; ljdkj dks foÙkh;
z 2020&21 esa çfr O;fÙkQ th,lMhih gsrq 38 ftyksa dh lalkèkuksa dk ldy gLrkarj.k 1]29]486 djksM+ #i;s FkkA
jSafdax ds laca/ esa blesa ls dsUæh; djksa esa jkT; dh fgLlsnkjh ds :i esa
rhu lcls le`¼ ftys gSa & iVuk (1]15]239 #i;s)] çkIr jkf'k 91]353 djksM+ #i;s FkhA
csxqljk; (45]497 #i;s) vkSj eqaxsj (42]793 #i;s)A 2021&22 esa dsaæ ls jkT; ljdkj dks lgk;rk vuqnku
nwljs Nksj ij] rhu de fodflr ftys gSa & f'kogj vkSj dsaæ ljdkj ls jkT; ljdkj dks ½.k Øe'k%
(18]692 #i;s)] vjfj;k (19]527 #i;s) vkSj lhrke<h 28]606 djksM+ #i;s vkSj 9527 djksM+ #i;s FkkA
(20]631 #i;s)A z jkT; ljdkj dk çkFkfed ?kkVk 2020&21 esa 17]344 djksM+
#i;s ls ?kVdj 2021&22 esa 11]729 djksM+ #i;s gks x;kA
vè;k; II: jkT; foÙk blh çdkj] jkT; ljdkj dk jktdks"kh; ?kkVk Hkh
z vkfFkZd lq/kj ds ifj.kkeLo:i] 2021&22 esa jkT; ljdkj 2020&21 esa 29]828 djksM+ #i;s ls ?kVdj 2021&22
dh foÙkh; fLFkfr etcwr gqbZA esa 25]551 djksM+ #i;s gks x;kA

?kkVs esa ;g fxjkoV pqukSrhiw.kZ egkekjh o"kZ 2020&21 rgr ,d ubZ ;kstuk 'kq: dh xbZ gS] ftldh dqy ykxr
dh rqyuk esa 2021&22 esa jkT; ljdkj dh foÙkh; 142-27 yk• #i;s gSA
fLFkfr esa lq/kj dk ladsr nsrh gSA z tSfod ,oa fVdkÅ Ñf"k jkT; ljdkj dh çkFkfedrk gSA
z 2021&22 esa jkT; ljdkj dh dqy m/kjh 40]445 djksM+ blfy,] tSfod dkWfjMksj ;kstuk (2022&25) ds rgr]
#i;s FkhA tSfod •srh ds fy, vU; 20]000 ,dM+ tehu yh xbZ
2021&22 ds var esa jkT; ljdkj dk cdk;k ½.k gS] tgka fdlkuksa dks lkekU; lqfo/k dsaæ (lh,iQlh)
2]57]510 djksM+ #i;s FkkA vkSj ykWftfLVd lgk;rk ds :i esa balqysVsM@jsiQj oSu]
o"kZ ds nkSjku jkT; ljdkj }kjk C;kt Hkqxrku vkSj iwath LekVZ tSfod ds lanHkZ esa <kapkxr lgk;rk çnku dh
iquHkZqxrku Øe'k% 13]822 djksM+ #i;s vkSj 8746 djksM+ tk jgh gSA eaMh] LVªhV osafMax] eafM;ksa esa ,iQihvks dks
#i;s FkkA LFkku vkoaVu esa çkFkfedrk] tSfod ewY; Jà•ykvksa dk
fodkl vkfnA
vè;k; III: Ñf"k vkSj lac¼ {ks=k
2021&22 rd] yxHkx 17]534 ,dM+ Hkwfe çek.ku ds
z fcgkj dh vFkZO;oLFkk ds lexz fodkl ds fy, Ñf"k vkSj
v/hu gSA
lacaf/r {ks=kksa dk fodkl egRoiw.kZ gS] D;ksafd blds vkxs
vkSj ihNs ds laca/ i;kZIr gSaA z 2021&22 esa flapkbZ fodkl ij dqy O;; 2670-49 djksM+
fiNys ikap o"kks± (2017&18 ls 2021&22) ds nkSjku
#i;s FkkA
Ñf"k vkSj lac¼ {ks=kksa esa yxHkx 5 çfr'kr dh nj ls ekpZ 2022 rd ty lalk/u foHkkx ds varxZr o`gn
o`f¼ gqbZA ,oa eè;e flapkbZ ifj;kstukvksa ds varxZr yxHkx 37-22

blh vof/ ds nkSjku ldy jkT; ewY; of/Zr (th,loh,)
yk• gsDVs;j flapkbZ {kerk dk l`tu fd;k tk pqdk gSA
esa bl {ks=k dh fgLlsnkjh 20 çfr'kr jghA 405-66 djksM+ #i;s dh vuqekfur ykxr ls deyk unh
2021&22 esa th,loh, esa mi&{ks=kksa dk ;ksxnku Fkk & ij cSjkt dk fuekZ.k dk;Z çxfr ij gS vkSj ekpZ 2023
iQly {ks=k (11-1 çfr'kr)] i'kq/u (6-6 çfr'kr) vkSj rd iwjk gksus dk y{; gSA
eRL; ikyu vkSj tyh; Ñf"k (1-8 çfr'kr)A orZeku lhlh, (Ñf"k ;ksX; dekaM {ks=k) 28384 gsDVs;j
z 2020&21 esa] fcgkj esa 'kq¼ cks;k x;k {ks=k 50-5 yk• gS] vkSj bl cSjkt ds iwjk gksus ds lkFk] vfrfjÙkQ 1175
gsDVs;j Fkk] tcfd iQly rhozrk 1-44 FkhA gsDVs;j flapkbZ {kerk iSnk gksxh ftlls 29]559 gsDVs;j
2021&22 rd] dqy vukt mRiknu 181-0 yk• Vu dk vafre lhlh, gksxkA
FkkA
xUuk foHkkx ds vuqeku ds vuqlkj] 2021&22 esa dqy
vè;k; IV: m|e {ks=k
xUuk mRiknu 119-77 yk• Vu jgk] ftlesa çfr gsDVs;j z 2018&19 vkSj 2019&20 ds chp fcgkj esa dkj•kuksa
49-70 Vu mit gksxhA dh la[;k esa dsoy 0-3 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ gqbZ gS] ysfdu
z jkT; ljdkj fcgkj Ñf"k&fuos'k çksRlkgu uhfr ykxw dj dk;Z'khy iwath esa 51 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ gqbZ gSA
jgh gSA blds vykok] fcgkj esa] 'kq¼ ewY; o/Zu esa 2018&19
u, Ñf"k vk/kfjr m|ksxksa dh LFkkiuk ;k ekStwnk bdkb;ksa ds Lrj dh rqyuk esa 2019&20 esa 1-2 çfr'kr dh o`f¼
ds foLrkj] vk/qfudhdj.k vkSj fofo/hdj.k ds fy, ntZ dh xbZ gS] tcfd vf•y Hkkjrh; Lrj ij blesa
O;fÙkQxr fuos'kdksa dks 15 çfr'kr vkSj fdlku mRiknd 4-8 çfr'kr dh fxjkoV vkbZ gSA
daifu;ksa (,iQihlh) dks 25 çfr'kr dh iwath lfClMh z fcgkj esa dqy phuh mRiknu 45-6 yk• fDoaVy gqvk]
çnku dh tk jgh gSA fjdojh nj 9-6 çfr'kr jghA
bl igy ds igpkus x, lkr iQksdl mRikn gSa & gky ds fnuksa esa mi&mRiknksa] fo'ks"kdj ÅtkZ ds fofHkUu
e•kuk] iQy vkSj lfCt;ka] eDdk] vkS"k/h; ikS/s] :iksa dk mRiknu c<+k gSA
lqxaf/r ikS/s] 'kgn vkSj pk;A bFksukWy mRiknu djus dh fMfLVyjh {kerk 2020&21 esa
z Mh,u, fiQaxj&fçafVax ds ekè;e ls eDdk vkSj /ku ds 395 ds,yihMh dh rqyuk esa 2021&22 esa c<+dj 470
ladj cht dh vkuqoaf'kd igpku ds fy, jkT; ;kstuk ds fdyks yhVj çfr fnu (ds,yihMh) gks xbZA

WALLAH
fctyh mRiknu ds ekeys esa vkB phuh feyksa us feydj c<+dj 2021&22 esa 11 gks xbZA mu m|eksa esa fuos'k
2021&22 esa 88-5 esxkokV fctyh dk mRiknu fd;kA dh ek=kk esa 131 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ gqbZ gSA
z COMFED us liQyrkiwoZd vius usVodZ dk foLrkj fd;k cM+s m|eksa esa jkstxkj 187 çfr'kr c<+ x;k gSA
gS vkSj vf/d yksxksa dks usVodZ dk fgLlk cuus ds fy, jkT; ljdkj us blds dojst dk foLrkj djrs gq, vkSj
liQyrkiwoZd vkdf"kZr Hkh dj jgk gSA bldh çHkko'khyrk lqfuf'pr djrs gq, fcgkj LVkVZ&vi
blus viuh mRiknu Vksdjh esa Hkh fofo/rk yk nh gS vkSj uhfr] 2022 dh ?kks"k.kk dh gSA
jkT; ds fofHkUu fgLlksa esa dk;Zjr vius •qnjk nqdkuksa 12 tuojh 2023 rd LVkVZ&vi ds 273 vkosnu iQafMax
ds ekè;e ls mRikn csprh gSA ds fy, ;ksX; ik, x,A jkT; ljdkj us LVkVZvi dks
nw/] ?kh] yLlh] iuhj] ngh vkSj vkblØhe ds mRiknu çksRlkfgr djus ds fy, 4-01 djksM+ #i;s •pZ fd;s gSaA
esa fcØh esa mYys•uh; o`f¼ ntZ dh xbZ gSA z jkT; ljdkj orZeku esa dk;kZfUor dj jgh gS%
z jkT; ljdkj us fcgkj vkS|ksfxd fuos'k çksRlkgu uhfr tula[;k ds fofHkUu oafpr oxks± ds chp m|e'khyrk ;k
(diM+k vkSj peM+k uhfr)] 2022 is'k dh gS% Lojkstxkj dks çksRlkfgr djus ds fy, eq[;ea=kh efgyk
cqudjksa dh la[;k vkSj {ks=kh; ewY; Jà•yk ds vfLrRo m|eh ;kstuk] eq[;ea=kh ;qok m|eh ;kstuk] eq[;ea=kh
ds lanHkZ esa mudh {kerk dk nksgu djuk] rkfd fcgkj vuqlwfpr tkfr@vuqlwfpr tutkfr bZchlh m|eh ;kstukA
ns'k esa diM+k vkSj ifj/ku mRiknu dk ,d egRoiw.kZ bl dk;ZØe ds fy, jkT; ljdkj fnlacj] 2022 rd
dsaæ cu ldsA 857-77 djksM+ #i;s •pZ dj pqdh gSA
jkT; ljdkj fctyh lfClMh vkSj dk;Z'khy iwath
z fcgkj esa /kfeZd] fojklr] LokLF;] euksjatu] rVorhZ vkSj
çkoèkku ;kstuk ds ekè;e ls cqudjksa dks fujarj lgk;rk lkaLÑfrd i;ZVu fodflr djus dh {kerk gSA
Hkh çnku djrh gSA
i;ZVu ij •pZ 2020&21 ds 70-20 djksM+ #i;s dh
z fcgkj vkS|ksfxd fuos'k çksRlkgu uhfr 2016 ds rgr rqyuk esa 2021&22 esa c<+dj 146-90 djksM+ #i;s gks
fiNys Ng o"kks± esa jkT; ljdkj dks 60-86 gtkj djksM+ x;k gSA
#i;s ds fuos'k ds çLrko feys gSaA blds vykok] i;kZoj.k] ou vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu
orZeku esa] fcgkj esa 398 bdkb;k¡ dk;Zjr gSa vkSj bu foHkkx us jkT; esa bdks&i;ZVu dks c<+kok nsus ds fy,
dk;Zjr bdkb;ksa esa fuos'k dh xbZ dqy jkf'k 3-39 gtkj fofHkUu ;kstuk,a vkSj dk;ZØe 'kq: fd, gSaA
djksM+ #i;s gSA
mRiknu bdkb;ksa dh LFkkiuk dks çksRlkfgr djus ds vè;k; V: Je] jkstxkj vkSj dkS'ky
fy, jkT; ljdkj us fiNys Ng o"kks± ds nkSjku fcgkj z xzkeh.k fcgkj esa iq#"k dk;Z tula[;k vuqikr (MCY;w-ih-
vkS|ksfxd fuos'k çksRlkgu uhfr 2016 ds rgr vuqnku vkj-) 68-8 çfr'kr Fkk] tcfd vf•y Hkkjrh; Lrj ij
ds :i esa 532-46 djksM+ #i;s tkjh fd;s gSaA ;g 77-9 çfr'kr FkkA
lcls vf/d fuos'k •k| çlaLdj.k (1395-65 djksM+ 'kgjh fcgkj ds ekeys esa] iq#"k MCY;wihvkj 64-6
#i;s) esa gqvk gS] tks jkT; esa dqy fuos'k dk 41 çfr'kr Fkk] tcfd vf•y Hkkjrh; Lrj ij 75-7
çfr'kr gSA çfr'kr FkkA
z 2020&21 esa 71 ifj;kstukvksa dh rqyuk esa 2021&22 esa efgyk MCY;wihvkj dh rqyuk esa iq#"k MCY;wihvkj
jkT; fofHkUu vkdkj dh 97 ifj;kstukvksa dks vkdf"kZr dj ds laca/ esa fcgkj vkSj Hkkjr ds chp varj de gSA
ldrk gSA MCY;wihvkj dks c<+kus ds fy,] fo'ks"kdj efgykvksa ds
2021&22 esa 45 lw{e m|e LFkkfir fd;s x;s] tks fy,] jkT; ljdkj us fofHkUu ldkjkRed dne mBk, gSaA
2020&21 esa LFkkfir lw{e m|eksa dh la[;k ls nksxqus fcgkj esa] ,d iq#"k vkSj efgyk Jfed] vkSlru] Øe'k%
ls Hkh vf/d FkhA 338 #i;s vkSj 244 #i;s çfr fnu dekrs gSa] ;kuh fyax
lw{e m|eksa esa fuos'k dh ek=kk esa 135 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ osru varj 28 çfr'kr gSA
ntZ dh xbZ gSA lw{e m|eksa esa jkstxkj 107 çfr'kr c<+ vf•y Hkkjrh; Lrj ij] osru varj vkSj Hkh vf/d]
x;k gSA cM+s m|eksa dh la[;k Hkh 2020&21 esa 3 ls 36 çfr'kr FkkA

z 2021&22 esa] fcgkj esa ikliksVZ vkosnuksa dh dqy la[;k z MhMh;w&thdsokbZ dk;ZØe ds rgr] 68 ihvkbZ, ds 77
310-9 gtkj Fkh] tks egkekjh dh 'kq#vkr ls ,d lky çf'k{k.k dsaæksa us xzkeh.k ;qokvksa dks dkS'ky çf'k{k.k vkSj
igys 2018&19 ds yxHkx cjkcj gSA IyslesaV lqfo/k,a çnku dh gSaA
ikliksVZ tkjh djus dh çfØ;k ljy vkSj rst gks xbZ dqy feykdj] dqy 71-6 gtkj mEehnokjksa dks fofHkUu
gSA 2016 esa] iqfyl lR;kiu çfØ;k esa vkSlru 45 VªsMksa esa çf'kf{kr fd;k x;k gS] ftuesa ls 46-2 gtkj
fnu yxrs Fks] ftls 2021 esa ?kVkdj dsoy 11 fnu dks fofHkUu laLFkkuksa esa j•k x;k gSA
dj fn;k x;k gSA
z fcgkj 'krkCnh vlaxfBr dk;Z{ks=k dkexkj ,oa f'kYidkj
vè;k; VI: HkkSfrd cqfu;knh <k¡pk
lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstuk ds rgr % z jkT; ljdkj ds dbZ ç;klksa ds dkj.k] fcgkj us dksfoM&19
vlaxfBr {ks=k esa yxs Jfed fofHkUu çdkj ds lkekftd
ds ckn rsth ls fjdojh ntZ dh gS vkSj 2021&22 ds nkSjku
lqj{kk ykHk ds gdnkj gSaA ifjogu vkSj lapkj {ks=kksa esa ns'k esa lcls vf/d 20-4
2020&21 dh rqyuk esa 2021&22 esa lHkh çdkj dh
çfr'kr dh o`f¼ ntZ dh gSA
ok;qekxZ (54-4 çfr'kr)] ifjogu ls tqM+h lsokvksa
grkgrksa dh la[;k esa ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dh la[;k esa o`f¼
gqbZ gSA (33-5 çfr'kr) vkSj jksMost (31-8 çfr'kr) ds ldy
ifj.kkeLo:i] forfjr jkf'k Hkh 2020&21 esa 2-36
jkT; ewY; of/Zr (th,loh,) esa 2021&22 ds nkSjku
djksM+ #i;s ls c<+dj 2021&22 esa 3-25 djksM+ #i;s loZdkfyd mPp o`f¼ ntZ dh xbZA
gks xbZ gSA z fcgkj dk dqy lM+d ?kuRo çfr 1000 oxZ fdyksehVj
z fcgkj iqfyl v/huLFk lsok vk;ksx us 2791 inksa dk HkkSxksfyd {ks=k esa 3166-9 fdyksehVj gS vkSj 2019 esa dsjy
foKkiu fn;k gS vkSj muesa ls 2782 in 2021&22 esa Hkjs vkSj if'pe caxky ds ckn iwjs Hkkjr esa rhljs LFkku ij gSA
jkT; ljdkj us 2015&22 ds nkSjku ckjgeklh lM+dksa
x, FksA
vkSj iqyksa ds fuekZ.k vkSj j•j•ko ds fy, 76]483
2022&23 esa] 2256 fjfÙkQ;ksa dk foKkiu fn;k] vkSj
jsat vkWfiQlj] ou ds ,d in dks NksM+dj lHkh in Hkjs djksM+ #i;s dk fuos'k fd;k gSA
2022&23 ds fy, bl lsDVj ds fy, 16]530 djksM+
x,A
#i;s dk ctV j•k x;k gSA
efgykvksa dk çfrfuf/Ro c<+kus ds fy, jkT; ljdkj us
35 çfr'kr dk {kSfrt vkj{k.k fn;k gSA z 2020&21 ds nkSjku mÙkj çns'k vkSj egkjk"Vª ds ckn fcgkj
us Hkkjrh; jkT;ksa esa rhljk lcls vf/d okgu iathdj.k
bl ldkjkRed dkjZokbZ ds iQyLo:i orZeku esa fcgkj
ntZ fd;k gSA
iqfyl esa 28]994 efgyk,¡ dk;Zjr gSa] tks jkT; ds dqy
foHkkx us bysfDVªd okguksa ;k laihfM+r çkÑfrd xSl
iqfyl cy dk yxHkx 24-3 çfr'kr gSA
(lh,uth) lapkfyr okguksa dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, dbZ
z thfodk vkj,lbZVhvkbZ dks lgk;rk çnku djus okyh uksMy
igy dh gSaA
,tsalh gS] tks 61 vuqeksfnr VªsMksa esa xzkeh.k ;qokvksa dks
Lojkstxkj çf'k{k.k çnku djrh gSA z Hkou fuekZ.k foHkkx us 2012&13 vkSj 2022&23 ds chp
fofHkUu cqfu;knh <kaps ds fuekZ.k vkSj j•j•ko ds fy, O;;
çf'k{k.k iwjk gksus ds ckn] xzkeh.k ;qokvksa dks viuk
esa 15 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ ntZ dh gSA blh vof/ esa ;kstukvksa
m|e 'kq: djus ds fy, cSadksa ls ½.k lgk;rk Hkh
ds rgr O;; 13 xquk ls vf/d c<+dj 305 djksM+ #i;s
çnku dh tkrh gSA
ls 4133 djksM+ #i;s gks x;kA
dqy feykdj] vkj,lbZVhvkbZ ds ekè;e ls vc rd
2-54 yk• mEehnokjksa dks çf'kf{kr fd;k x;k gS vkSj z fcgkj jkT; iqy fuekZ.k fuxe fyfeVsM us ykHkka'k ds :i
muesa ls 1-82 yk• dks flracj 2022 rd 'kkfey dj esa jkT; ljdkj dks 203-00 djksM+ #i;s dk ;ksxnku fn;k
fy;k x;k gSA 2021&22 esa] 21-3 gtkj mEehnokjksa dks gS vkSj eq[;ea=kh jkgr dks"k esa 185-00 djksM+ #i;s dk nku
çf'kf{kr djus ds fy, 710 çf'k{k.k dk;ZØe vk;ksftr fn;k gS vkSj 2012&13 vkSj 2021&22 ds chp lh,lvkj
fd, x, FksA igy ij 38-98 djksM+ #i;s •pZ fd, gSaA

WALLAH
z fcgkj jkT; lM+d ifjogu fuxe us 2016&17 ls 2021&22 z vkikrdkyhu çfrfØ;k lgk;rk ç.kkyh ,d ,dy
dh vof/ ds nkSjku viuh clksa ls lkykuk vkSlru 2-7 vkikrdkyhu uacj ^112* çnku djrh gS] vkSj ladV ds
djksM+ ;kf=k;ksa dks <ks;k gSA LFkku ij iQhYM lalk/uksa dks daI;wVj lgk;rk ls Hkstrh gSA
;kf=k;ksa dh la[;k esa okf"kZd o`f¼ 54 çfr'kr ls vf/d pkSchlksa ?kaVs fuckZ/ lsok,a çnku djus ds fy,] jkT;
Fkh] tks 2020&21 esa 2-29 djksM+ ls c<+dj 2021&22 Hkj esa 400 okgu rSukr fd, x, gSa] lkFk gh Rofjr
esa 3-58 djksM+ gks xbZA çfrfØ;k çnku djus ds fy, 6900 deZpkjh vyVZ
blh çdkj] mlh o"kZ ds nkSjku jktLo 90-3 çfr'kr ij gSaA
c<+dj 49-6 djksM+ #i;s ls 94-5 djksM+ #i;s gks x;kA blds vykok daVªksy ,aM dekaM lsaVj esa dkWy fjlho
z fcgkj jkT; Hkou fuekZ.k fuxe fyfeVsM us fiNys n'kd ds djus vkSj Rofjr çfrfØ;k nsus ds fy, 400 yksx yxs
nkSjku 4000 djksM+ #i;s dh 2000 ls vf/d ifj;kstuk,a gq, gSaA
'kq: dh gSaA vc rd dqy 1-25 yk• dkWy vk pqdh gSa] ftlds ckn
fiNys nks o"kks± (2020&21 vkSj 2021&22) ds nkSjku

ihfM+rk dks t:jh lgk;rk eqgS;k djkbZ xbZA
blus 37-21 djksM+ #i;s dk 'kq¼ ykHk dek;kA blds z dkWeu lks'ky jftLVªh iksVZy (lh,lvkjih) ,d fMftVy
vykok] blus 2013&14 ls 2021&22 ds nkSjku lh,lvkj IysViQkWeZ gS tgka ,d ifjokj ds fofHkUu lnL; jkT; ljdkj
igy ds :i esa 3-2 djksM+ #i;s Hkh •pZ fd, gSaA dh fdlh Hkh ;kstuk ds rgr iathÑr gks ldrs gSaA
ykHkkfFkZ;ksa ds ckjs esa lkekU; tkudkjh dks ,d=k djus
z fcgkj iqfyl Hkou fuekZ.k fuxe fyfeVsM us fiNys n'kd
(2012&13 ls 2021&22) ds nkSjku dk;Z O;; ds fy, vkSj VªSd djus ds fy,] MsVkcsl rS;kj djus ds fy,
92 çfr'kr vkSj LFkkiuk O;; ds fy, dsoy 8 çfr'kr vk/kj ds ekè;e ls lR;kiu ds lkFk lh,lvkjih
dh mPp fgLlsnkjh ds lkFk 3000 djksM+ #i;s ls vf/d fodflr fd;k tk jgk gSA
;g ikfjokfjd Lrj ij ljdkjh ;kstuk ds ykHkksa ds ckjs
•pZ fd, gSaA
fuxe us 108 djksM+ #i;s dk ifjpkyu ykHk vftZr
esa tkudkjh çnku djsxkA
fd;kA z eq[;ea=kh fMftVy LokLF; ;kstuk dks liQy fØ;kUo;u ds
ckn eqtÝiQjiqj esa ik;yV çkstsDV ds :i esa ykxw fd;k
vè;k; VII: bZ&xouZsal x;k gSA
z bZ&xouZsal dks c<+kok nsus ds fy,] fcgkj dks lh,lvkbZ 'ks"k 37 ftyksa esa bls ykxw fd;k tk,xkA ukxfjdksa dks
fufgysaV iqjLdkj] lh,lvkbZ ,lvkbZth bZ&xouZsal iqjLdkj] dsaæ esa j•rs gq,] bl ifj;kstuk dk y{; ftyk Lrj ls
fMftVy bafM;k iqjLdkj] mPpre MhchVh ysunsu ds fy, ysdj fupys Lrj ds LokLF; dsaæksa rd yxHkx 13]000
jk"Vªh; iqjLdkj] jk"Vªh; bZ&xouZsal iqjLdkj vkSj dbZ vU; lkoZtfud LokLF; lqfo/kvksa dks ,dhÑr djuk gSA
iqjLdkj çkIr gq, gSaA
z jkT; Hkj dh lHkh 50]854 ihMh,l nqdkuksa esa vk/kj&l{ke
fcgkj esa] vkSlru çR;sd ?kj esa 2 ;k vf/d eksckby
ihMh,l ykxw fd;k x;k gSA
dusD'ku gSa vkSj yxHkx gj ?kj esa baVjusV dh igqap
IokbaV vkWiQ lsy (ihvks,l) e'khuksa dks ihMh,l Mhyjksa
gS vkSj 98-7 çfr'kr xzke iapk;rsa Hkkjr usV ds varxZr
vkrh gSaA ds vk/kj vkSj eksckby fooj.k ds lkFk dkWfUiQxj fd;k
z Økbe ,aM fØfeuy VªSfdax usVodZ ,aM flLVe x;k gSA
ykHkkFkhZ jkT; ;k jkT; ds ckgj fdlh Hkh ihMh,l
(lhlhVh,u,l) ns'k Hkj ds iqfyl LVs'kuksa ds chp
okLrfod le; ds vk/kj ij vijk/ ls lacaf/r tkudkjh nqdku ij tkdj ck;ksesfVªd çek.khdj.k dj ldrs gSaA
lk>k djds iqfyl foHkkx dks viuh lsok forj.k esa lq/kj jk'ku dkMZ MsVk dk mi;ksx djds ihvks,l midj.kksa ds
djus esa enn dj jgk gSA ekè;e ls gj eghus yxHkx 1-8 djksM+ (92 çfr'kr)
flracj] 2022 rd bl iksVZy ij dqy 5-81 yk•
ysunsu fd, tkrs gSaA
,iQvkbZvkj] 164-92 yk• LVs'ku Mk;jh] 10-14 yk• z fcgkj ds çR;sd iqfyl LVs'ku esa] Hkwfe fookn ls tqM+s
dsl Mk;jh] 78]858 pktZ'khV vkSj 1-17 yk• fxjÝrkjh ekeyksa ij utj j•us ds fy, Hkw&lek/ku ,si dk mi;ksx
eseks viyksM fd, x, gSaA fd;k tkrk gSA

iqfyl LVs'kuksa] ldZy dk;kZy;ksa] mi&foHkkxh; z ekpZ 2021 rd fctyh dh dqy mRiknu {kerk 6422
vfèkdkfj;ksa vkSj ftyk&Lrjh; vf/dkfj;ksa tSls esxkokV FkhA
{ks=k&Lrjh; ljdkjh vf/dkfj;ksa rd Hkwfedk&vk/kfjr ekpZ 2022 esa 21 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ ds lkFk ;g 7785
igqap çnku djds ,si ds ,fIyds'ku dks vkSj Hkh vf/d esxkokV rd igqap x;h gSA
çHkkoh cuk fn;k x;k gSA ekpZ 2021 ls ekpZ 2022 ds chp dks;yk vk/kfjr
vè;k; VIII: ÅtkZ {ks=k FkeZy ikoj esa fodkl nj 9-1 çfr'kr vkSj uohdj.kh;
ÅtkZ lzksrksa esa 130-6 çfr'kr gSA
z 2017&18 esa 4965 esxkokV ls 2021&22 esa 6475 esxkokV
rd mYys•uh; lq/kj gqvk] ftldk vFkZ gS fd pkj o"kks± vè;k; IX: xzkeh.k fodkl
esa 30-4 çfr'kr ls vf/d dh o`f¼A
z fcgkj xzkeh.k vkthfodk lao/Zu lkslkbVh (chvkj,yih,l)]
jkT; esa ÅtkZ dh çfr O;fÙkQ •ir 2017&18 esa 280
fdyksokV ls c<+dj 2021&22 esa 329 fdyksokV gks ftls thfodk ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gS] us 1-27 djksM+ ls
xbZ gS] ftldk vFkZ gS fd pkj o"kks± esa 17-5 çfr'kr vf/d xzkeh.k ifjokjksa ds thou dks çHkkfor djrs gq, •qn
dh o`f¼ gqbZ gSA dks ,d jkT;O;kih vkanksyu esa cny fn;k gSA
flracj 2022 rd thfodk ds rgr 10-35 yk•
2017&18 esa 4535 esxkokV ls 2021&22 ds nkSjku
6627 esxkokV rd igqap x;k gS tks n'kZrk gS fd ihd ,l,pth dk xBu fd;k tk pqdk gS] ftuesa ls 2-45
fMekaM esa yxHkx 46-1 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ gqbZA yk• ,l,pth ½.k ds fy, cSadksa ls tqM+s gq, gSaA
z jkT; esa miyC/ fo|qr {kerk 6422 esxkokV Fkh] tks orZeku esa] cdk;k ½.k 5574 djksM+ #i;s gSA
2021&22 esa c<+dj 7785 esxkokV gks x;h] vFkkZr 21-2 z eujsxk ds rgr] jkstxkj çnku fd, x, ifjokjksa dh la[;k
çfr'kr dh o`f¼A 2017&18 esa 22-5 yk• ls c<+dj 2021&22 esa 48-0
fctyh dh c<+rh ekax dks iwjk djus ds fy,] jkT; yk• gks xbZ gSA
ljdkj us igys gh 2024&25 rd pj.kc¼ rjhds ls 2021&22 esa l`ftr jkstxkj Hkh 817-2 yk• O;fÙkQ
fofHkUu lzksrksa ls 5841 esxkokV dh vfrfjÙkQ {kerk dh fnolksa ls c<+dj 1811-8 yk• O;fÙkQ fnol gks x;k gSA
;kstuk cukbZ gSA eujsxk ds rgr •ksys x, •krksa dh dqy la[;k 2017&18
jkT; esa fctyh dh ekax 6576 esxkokV Fkh] tks
esa 67-0 yk• Fkh] tks 56-57 çfr'kr c<+dj 2021&22
2022&23 esa c<+dj 7054 esxkokV gks xbZ] ;kuh 7-3 esa 104-9 yk• gks xbZA
çfr'kr dh o`f¼A
z eujsxk ds rgr iwjk dke yxkrkj c<+ jgk gS& 2017&18
2024&25 esa] fcgkj esa visf{kr fctyh dh ekax 8003
esa] ;g dsoy 1-1 yk• Fkk] tks 2021&22 esa c<+dj 13-0
esxkokV ls Hkh vf/d gksxh] ekpZ 2022 dks 42]320
yk• gks x;kA
,e;w, dh okf"kZd ÅtkZ vko';drk ds lkFk] nks forj.k
blh rjg] ;kstuk ds rgr iQaM mi;ksx esa Hkh fiNys dqN
daifu;ka (,uchihMhlh,y vkSj ,lchihMhlh,y)
yxHkx 179-20 yk• fctyh miHkksÙkQkvksa dh lsok ns o"kks± esa lq/kj gqvk gS & ;g 2017&18 esa 91-2 çfr'kr
jgh Fkha] tks 2017&18 esa 110-2 yk• Fkh] ftldk vFkZ Fkk tks 2021&22 esa c<+dj 98-1 çfr'kr gks x;kA
gS fd pkj o"kks± esa 62-6 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ gqbZ gSA z Hkwfe ds forj.k ds fy, ctV dk dqy vkoaVu 2019&20
?kjsyw miHkksÙkQkvksa dh la[;k 2017&18 esa 101-40 yk•
esa 4057-00 djksM+ #i;s ls c<+dj 2021&22 esa 7148-99
ls c<+dj 2021&22 esa 160-49 yk• gks xbZ gS] tks pkj djksM+ #i;s gks x;k gSA
o"kks± esa 58-3 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ n'kkZrk gSA ;kstuk ds fofHkUu ?kVdksa ds rgr dqy 88]494 ik=k
z fMLdkWe us lHkh miHkksÙkQk dusD'kuksa dh ehVfjax ds ifjokjksa dks okl Hkwfe miyC/ djkbZ xbZ gSA
lkFk&lkFk fcfyax vkSj laxzg ç.kkyh esa lq/kj djds viuh 'ks"k 27]356 ik=k ifjokjksa dks 2022&23 rd okl Hkwfe
foÙkh; fLFkfr esa lq/kj djus ds fy, gj laHko ç;kl fd;kA miyC/ djk nh tk,xhA
buds ifj.kkeLo:i ldy rduhdh vkSj okf.kfT;d z lkoZtfud forj.k ç.kkyh (ihMh,l) ds rgr 2021&22 esa
(,Vh,aMlh) gkfu 43-5 çfr'kr (2015&16) ls ?kVdj 2208-2 gtkj Vu xsgwa vkSj 3266-7 gtkj Vu pkoy lfgr
2021&22 esa 29-4 çfr'kr gks xbZ gSA dqy 5474-9 gtkj Vu •k|kUu vkoafVr fd;k x;k FkkA

WALLAH
2017&18 vkSj 2021&22 ds chp •k|kUu dk vkSlr vkokl dks NksM+dj] 'kgjh fodkl ij O;; #- 2019&20
mBko 97-9 çfr'kr FkkA vkadM+ksa ls irk pyrk gS fd esa 2765-9 djksM+ #i;s Fkk] tks 80-8 çfr'kr c<+dj
yxHkx lHkh ftyksa esa xsgwa vkSj pkoy dk mBko yxHkx #- 2020&21 esa 5001-30 djksM+ #i;s ij igqap x;kA
100 çfr'kr gSA blh çdkj] vkokl ds fy, O;; 2019&20 esa 5657-9
z eq[;ea=kh xzkeh.k is;ty ;kstuk ds dk;kZUo;u ds fy, dqy djksM+ #i;s Fkk] tks 2020&21 esa 12-7 çfr'kr ?kVdj
4290 iapk;rksa dk p;u fd;k x;k gS vkSj 99-5 çfr'kr 4940-90 djksM+ #i;s jg x;kA
dh iw.kZrk nj ds lkFk 57]690 okMks± esa dke iwjk dj fy;k
z fcgkj xaxk ty vkiwfrZ ;kstuk* uked ,d vuwBh ;kstuk
x;k gSA
'kq: dh xbZ] ftlls jktxhj 'kgj dh 1-12 yk• vkcknh]
blh rjg eq[;ea=kh xzkeh.k xyh&ukyh iDdhdj.k ;kstuk
uoknk 'kgj dh yxHkx 1-21 yk• vkcknh vkSj x;k vkSj
ds fy, dqy 8386 iapk;rksa dk p;u fd;k x;k] ftuesa
cks/x;k 'kgj dh yxHkx 6-32 yk• vkcknh ykHkkfUor
1]14]691 okMZ gSaA lHkh la'kksf/r yf{kr okMks± esa ls
gksxhA
1]14]507 okMks± esa dke gks pqdk gSA
bl ;kstuk ds rgr gkFkhng (eksdkek) esa baVsd
z lkr fu'p; 2 ds rgr 2022&23 rd jkT; dh gj iapk;r
ds fy, eq[;ea=kh xzkeh.k lksyj LVªhV ykbV ;kstuk 'kq: osy&lg&iai gkml dk fuekZ.k dj xaxk unh ds vfrfjÙkQ
dh xbZ gSA ikuh dks ikbi ds ekè;e ls vkiwfrZ dh tk;sxhA
;kstuk ds rgr gj okMZ esa 10 lksyj LVªhV ykbV z ^?kj rd iDdh xyh&ukfy;ka* ds ?kksf"kr y{; /hjs&/hjs
yxuh gSA gkfly fd, tk jgs gSaA 2018&19 esa 3-61 yk• ifjokjksa ls
lkFk gh] çR;sd iapk;r dks Ldwy] iqLrdky; vkfn
c<+dj 2021&22 esa 8-26 yk• ifjokj ykHkkfUor gq,] ;kuh
lkeqnkf;d laLFkkuksa ds fy, 10 vfrfjÙkQ lksyj LVªhV rhu o"kks± esa 129-0 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ n'kkZrk gSA
ykbVsa nh xbZ gSaA blh çdkj] 2021&22 rd 1326-8 fdyksehVj lM+dksa
;g ;kstuk ns'k esa viuh rjg dh igyh ;kstuk gS vkSj vkSj 1311-5 fdyksehVj ukfy;ksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k]
blls çfr o"kZ yxHkx 7 djksM+ 88 yk• 40 gtkj tcfd 2018&19 rd 573-0 fdyksehVj lM+dksa vkSj
fdyksxzke dkcZu mRltZu esa deh vk,xhA 456-9 fdyksehVj ukfy;ksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;kA
;g 35-83 yk• isM+ksa ds jksi.k ds cjkcj gSA flracj] 2022 rd iwjh dh xbZ ;kstukvksa dh la[;k
2022&23 esa] çR;sd xke iapk;r ds pkj okMks± dks doj 22]462 gS] tcfd 2018&19 rd ;g la[;k 8940 FkhA
fd;k tk,xk vkSj 'ks"k okMks± dks 2023&24 esa doj fd, z fcgkj esa jk"Vªh; 'kgjh vkthfodk fe'ku (,u;w,y,e) ds
tkus dh mEehn gSA rgr xfBr Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa (,l,pth) dh la[;k
2020&21 esa 2876 ls c<+dj 2021&22 esa 4826 gks xbZ gSA
vè;k; X: 'kgjh fodkl
;g Hkh ns•k x;k gS fd ,l,pth ØsfMV fyadst ds
z 2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj] fcgkj esa dqy 'kgjh vkcknh
laca/ esa egRoiw.kZ miyfC/ gkfly gqbZ gSA
11-8 fefy;u gSA
ØsfMV&fyaDM ,l,pth dh la[;k 2018&19 esa dsoy
jkT; ljdkj us dqN xzkeh.k {ks=kksa dks 'kgjh {ks=kksa esa
vixzsM djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gSA 9 u;s uxj ifj"knksa ds 208 ls c<+dj 2021&22 esa 4176 gks xbZ gSA
lkFk&lkFk 111 u;s uxj iapk;r LFkkfir fd;s x;s gSaA z LoPN Hkkjr fe'ku (,lch,e) ds rgr 2020&21 rd
mijksÙkQ fu.kZ; vkSj 'kgjh {ks=kksa esa tula[;k dh çkÑfrd
4-01 yk• 'kkSpky;ksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k vkSj 0-10 yk•
o`f¼ ds dkj.k] 2022 esa fcgkj dh vuqekfur 'kgjh 'kkSpky; fuekZ.kk/hu FksA
tula[;k 20-2 fefy;u gSA 2021&22 rd] fufeZr 'kkSpky;ksa dh dqy la[;k c<+dj
blls fcgkj esa 'kgjhdj.k nj 11-3 ls c<+dj 16-2 4-12 yk• gks xbZ] tks flracj] 2022 rd c<+dj 4-14
çfr'kr gks tk;sxhA yk• gks xbZA
z 'kgjh fodkl ,oa vkokl foHkkx dk O;; 2019&20 esa O;fÙkQxr 'kkSpky;ksa ds fy,] jkT; ljdkj 4000 #i;s
8423-8 djksM+ #i;s Fkk] tks 18-0 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ ntZ dh dsaæh; lgk;rk ds vykok] çR;sd ifjokj dks 8000
djrs gq, 2020&21 esa c<+dj 9942-2 djksM+ #i;s gks x;kA #i;s dh lfClMh çnku djrh gSA

vè;k; XI: cSafdax vkSj lac¼ {ks=k z esa lHkh cSadksa dk ,uih, ekpZ 2021 esa dqy vfxze ds 11-8
z 31 ekpZ] 2022 dks fcgkj esa 7713 cSad 'kk•k,a Fkha] tks 31 çfr'kr ls ?kVdj ekpZ 2022 esa 11-3 çfr'kr gks x;k gSA
okf.kfT;d cSadksa dk ,uih, ekpZ 2021 esa 10-2 çfr'kr
ekpZ] 2021 dks 7676 'kk•kvksa ls ,d çfr'kr vf/d gSA
5083 'kk•kvksa ds lkFk okf.kfT;d cSadksa dk jkT; esa
ls ?kVdj ekpZ 2022 esa 8-8 çfr'kr gks x;k gSA
fcgkj esa lgdkjh cSadksa dk ,uih, Hkh 3-9 iQhlnh ls
lcls O;kid cSafdax usVodZ gS] blds ckn 2110 {ks=kh;
xzkeh.k cSad 'kk•k,¡ gSaA ?kVdj 2-8 iQhlnh ij vk x;k gSA nwljh vksj] blh
jkT; esa ,Vh,e dh la[;k 31 ekpZ 2021 dks 6608 ls
vof/ ds nkSjku vkjvkjch vkSj ,l,iQch nksuksa ds
nks çfr'kr c<+dj 31 ekpZ 2022 dks 6744 gks x;h gSA ,uih, esa o`f¼ gqbZA
blh vof/ ds nkSjku jkT; esa fofHkUu cSadksa }kjk tkjh
z fcgkj esa ukckMZ }kjk çnku dh xbZ foÙkh; lgk;rk 2017&18
,Vh,e dkMks± dh la[;k esa 12-2 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ gqbZA esa 4685 djksM+ #i;s ls c<+dj 2021&22 esa 8075 djksM+
#i;s gks xbZ] tks lkykuk 15-1 çfr'kr dh nj ls c<+ jgh gSA
z le; ds lkFk jkT; esa fMftVy cSafdax cqfu;knh <kaps dk
iQly ½.k dks NksM+dj] tks 2-0 çfr'kr dh ekewyh nj
mi;ksx Hkh c<+k gSA ekpZ 2021 ls ekpZ 2022 ds chp jkT;
ls c<+k Fkk] dqy ukckMZ lgk;rk ds nks vU; ?kVd mPp
esa baVjusV cSafdax mi;ksxdrkZvksa dh la[;k esa 40-5 çfr'kr
nj ls c<+s Fks & fuos'k ØsfMV iqufoZÙk (18-0 çfr'kr)
dh o`f¼ gqbZA
vkSj vkjvkbZMh,iQ] MCY;wvkbZ,iQ vkSj ,iQihih (18-8
ogha] eksckby cSafdax mi;ksxdrkZvksa dh la[;k esa Hkh
çfr'kr)A
112-4 çfr'kr dh o`f¼ gqbZ gS] tcfd blh vof/ ds
nkSjku ihvks,l e'khuksa dh la[;k esa 48-3 çfr'kr dh vè;k; XII: ekuo fodkl
o`f¼ gqbZ gSA z fiNys 16 o"kks± (2005&06 vkSj 2021&22) ds nkSjku
z fcgkj esa vuqlwfpr okf.kfT;d cSadksa }kjk ,d=k dh xbZ tek fcgkj esa lkekftd lsokvksa ij •pZ 11-0 xquk ls vf/d
jkf'k 2020&21 esa 397-5 gtkj djksM+ #i;s ls 11-2 çfr'kr c<+ x;k gSA
c<+dj 2021&22 esa 442-4 gtkj djksM+ #i;s gks xbZA ekuo fodkl ds nks lcls egRoiw.kZ vk;ke LokLF;
nwljh vksj] fcgkj esa ,llhch }kjk çnku fd;k x;k ½.k vkSj f'k{kk ij •pZ esa Hkh ,d leku iSVuZ fn•kbZ fn;kA
2020&21 esa 164-0 gtkj djksM+ #i;s ls 19-3 çfr'kr LokLF; ij •pZ yxHkx 11 xquk vkSj f'k{kk ij vkB
c<+dj 2021&22 esa 195-6 gtkj djksM+ #i;s gks x;kA xquk c<+ x;kA
ifj.kkeLo:i] 2020&21 esa lhMh vuqikr 41-2 çfr'kr bl vof/ ds nkSjku] jkT; ljdkj ds dqy O;; esa
ls c<+dj 2021&22 esa 44-2 çfr'kr gks x;kA lkekftd lsok O;; dk fgLlk 2005&06 esa 31-9
bl lq/kj ds ckotwn] fcgkj esa lhMh vuqikr jk"Vªh; çfr'kr ls c<+dj 2021&22 esa 42-4 çfr'kr gks x;kA
vkSlr (72-1 çfr'kr) ls dkiQh de gSA blh çdkj] lkekftd {ks=k ij çfr O;fÙkQ O;; Hkh
z flracj 2022 rd] fcgkj esa futh {ks=k ds cSadksa dk lexz 2005&06 esa 801 #i;s ls c<+dj 2021&22 esa 6156
lhMh vuqikr (87-2 çfr'kr) lkoZtfud {ks=k ds cSadksa #i;s gks x;kA
(41-9 çfr'kr) dh rqyuk esa cgqr vf/d gSA jkT; ds z fcgkj esa tUe ds le; thou çR;k'kk (,ybZch) 2006&10
lcls cM+s cSad (,lchvkbZ) dk fcgkj esa lhMh jsf'k;ks 36-3 esa 65-8 o"kZ ls c<+dj 2016&20 esa 69-5 o"kZ gks xbZ gS]
iQhlnh gS] tks jk"Vªh; vkSlr ls dkiQh de gSA tks nl o"kks± dh vof/ esa 3-7 o"kZ dh o`f¼ ntZ djrh gSA
z fcgkj esa cSadksa }kjk okf"kZd ½.k ;kstuk (,lhih) y{; Hkkjr ds fy,] LEB us 2006&10 vkSj 2016&20 ds
2020&21 esa 1-54 yk• djksM+ #i;s ls c<+dj 2021&22 chp 3-9 o"kZ dh o`f¼ ntZ dhA orZeku esa fcgkj dh
esa 1-62 yk• djksM+ #i;s gks x;k gSA dqy ,ybZch Hkkjr dh rqyuk esa dsoy 0-5 o"kZ (70-0
y{; çkfIr dk çfr'kr Hkh 2020&21 ds 82-8 çfr'kr o"kZ) de gSA
ls c<+dj 2021&22 esa 99-6 çfr'kr gks x;k gSA z laLFkkxr çlo dh lhek 2005&06 esa 22-0 çfr'kr ls
2021&22 esa çkFkfedrk vkSj xSj&çkFkfedrk okys {ks=kksa c<+dj 2019&21 esa 76-2 çfr'kr gks xbZ gS] tks jk"Vªh;
ds fy, y{; dh çkfIr dk çfr'kr Øe'k% 96-3 ifjokj LokLF; loZs{k.k ds vuqlkj 54-2 çfr'kr vad dh
çfr'kr vkSj 107-5 çfr'kr FkkA o`f¼ dks n'kkZrk gSA

WALLAH
uohure uewuk iathdj.k ç.kkyh cqysfVu ds vuqlkj] bl vof/ ds nkSjku] Js.kh I dk;ZØeksa ds rgr O;; esa
,e,evkj 2015&17 esa çfr yk• thfor tUeksa ij cgqr vf/d o`f¼ ugha gqbZ gS] ysfdu Js.kh II ds rgr
165 ls ?kVdj 2018&20 esa 118 gks x;k gS] ftlds ;g nksxqus ls Hkh vf/d gks x;k gSA
ifj.kkeLo:i 47 vad dh fxjkoV vkbZ gSA jkT; ds dqy ctV esa efgykvksa ds fy, ifjO;; dk
blds fy,] ;g fxjkoV 2015&17 esa çfr yk• thfor fgLlk lky&nj&lky dqN cnyko ds lkFk yxHkx 12-8
tUeksa ij 122 ls 2018&20 esa 97 rd 25 vad FkhA çfr'kr jgk gSA
z 1-15 yk• xzkeh.k okMks± esa ls] 1-13 yk• okMks± esa vc rnuqlkj] th,lMhih ds çfr'kr ds :i esa efgykvksa ds
dk;kZRed ?kjsyw uy dusD'ku gSa] ftlls yxHkx 1-66 djksM+ fy, ifjO;; yxHkx 3-6 çfr'kr jgk gSA
xzkeh.k ifjokjksa dks ykHk gqvk gSA z nhnh dh jlksbZ ,d leqnk;&lapkfyr dSaVhu ekWMy gS ftls
is;ty ;kstuk ij vxLr] 2022 rd dqy O;; 28]998-
thfodk }kjk ftyk vkSj mi&foHkkxh; vLirkyksa esa dSaVhu
74 djksM+ #i;s FkkA pykus ds fy, 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA
blds vykok] vksMh,iQ dk ntkZ çkIr djus ds fy,
vc] os 'kS{kf.kd laLFkkuksa esa Hkh dk;Z dj jgs gSaA
O;fÙkQxr 'kkSpky;ksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;kA 2014&15 thfodk us nhnh dh jlksbZ pykus ds fy, fcgkj ljdkj
vkSj 2021&22 ds chp] yxHkx 121-90 yk• O;fÙkQxr ds ,llh vkSj ,lVh dY;k.k foHkkx ds lkFk le>kSrk
?kjsyw 'kkSpky;ksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k gSA Kkiu ij Hkh gLrk{kj fd, gSaA
blh vof/ esa dqy 10]120 lkeqnkf;d LoPNrk ifjljksa
orZeku esa] nhnh dh jlksbZ ,llh vkSj ,lVh dY;k.k
dk Hkh fuekZ.k fd;k x;kA foHkkx ds rgr pkSng Ldwy dSaVhuksa esa py jgh gSaA
z gky ds o"kks± esa çkFkfed Lrj ij ukekadu dh okf"kZd o`f¼ dqy feykdj] 75 nhnh dh jlksbZ pkyw gSa] tks 700 ls
nj 4-1 çfr'kr gSA vf/d ,l,pth lnL;ksa dks jkstxkj çnku dj jgh gSaA
2021&22 esa çkFkfed Lrj ij dqy ukekadu 141-80
vè;k; XIII: cky fodkl
yk• Fkk] tks 2019&20 esa 130-75 yk• FkkA
z 4-98 djksM+ cPpksa dh vkcknh ds lkFk] fcgkj esa dqy
mPp çkFkfed Lrj ij Hkh ukekadu 4-1 çfr'kr dh
vkcknh dk 48 çfr'kr 0&18 o"kZ ds vk;q oxZ esa gSA
nj ls c<+rs gq, 2019&20 esa 66-98 yk• ls c<+dj
bu 4-98 djksM+ cPpksa esa ls 4-47 djksM+ (89-9 çfr'kr)
2021&22 esa 72-54 yk• gks x;kA
xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa vkSj 0-50 djksM+ (10-1 çfr'kr) 'kgjh
lexz :i ls] çkFkfed vkSj mPp çkFkfed nksuksa Lrjksa
{ks=kksa esa jgrs gSaA
dks feykdj] 4-1 çfr'kr dh okf"kZd o`f¼ nj ds lkFk]
fyax fooj.k ds vuqlkj] 2-35 djksM+ yM+fd;ka gSa vkSj
dqy ukekadu 2019&20 esa 197-73 yk• ls c<+dj
2021&22 esa 214-33 yk• gks x;kA 2-62 djksM+ yM+ds gSaA
z ih,e iks"k.k ;kstuk dk y{; Hkkjr esa vf/dka'k cPpksa dh z fcgkj esa 10 ls 19 o"kZ dh vk;q ds fd'kksjksa dh vkcknh
nks yxkrkj leL;kvksa&Hkw• vkSj f'k{kk&dk lekèkku djuk gSA 2001 esa 1-83 djksM+ ls 1-3 xquk c<+dj 2011 esa 2-34
2017&18 esa çkFkfed fo|ky;ksa ds fy, ih,e&iks"k.k
djksM+ gks xbZA
dqy tula[;k esa fd'kksjksa dh fgLlsnkjh Hkh 2001 esa
dk dojst 63-1 çfr'kr FkkA ikap lky ckn ;g ekewyh
c<+dj 64-4 çfr'kr (2021&22) gks x;k gSA 22-0 çfr'kr ls ekewyh c<+dj 2011 esa 22-5 çfr'kr
mPp çkFkfed Lrj ij ih,e&iks"k.k dk dojst
gks xbZA
2017&18 esa 57-7 çfr'kr Fkk] vkSj ;g 2021&22 2001 vkSj 2011 ds chp] 'kgjh vkSj xzkeh.k nksuksa
esa 10-7 çfr'kr vad dh o`f¼ ntZ djrs gq, 68-4 fd'kksj vkcknh esa 1-3 xquk o`f¼ gqbZA
çfr'kr gks x;kA fd'kksj fyaxkuqikr esa Hkh 29 vad dh o`f¼ ns•h tk jgh
bl ;kstuk us cPpksa esa MªkWivkmV dks de djus vkSj gS] tks 2001 esa çfr 1000 iq#"kksa ij 826 efgykvksa ls
dqiks"k.k dks de djus esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA c<+dj 2011 esa 854 gks x;k gSA
z efgyk fodkl ds fy, dqy ifjO;; 2016&17 ls 2020&21 leku :i ls] xzkeh.k vkSj 'kgjh fyaxkuqikr esa Øe'k%
rd 71-2 çfr'kr c<+ x;k gSA 27 vad vkSj 44 vad dh o`f¼ gqbZ gSA

z jkT; ljdkj us 2013&14 ls cky ctV cukuk 'kq: fd;kA lHkh çdkj ds Ldwyksa esa dk;kZRed is;ty lqfo/k vkSj
cPpksa ij okLrfod O;; 2016&17 esa 16]638-5 djksM+ 'kkSpky;ksa dk dojst 2020&21 vkSj 2021&22 esa 95
#i;s ls 85-7 çfr'kr c<+dj 2020&21 esa 30]903-05 çfr'kr ls vf/d gSA
djksM+ #i;s gks x;k gSA z lexz f'k{kk vfHk;ku ds rgr] 2020&21 esa 6&13 o"kZ ds
lekukarj :i ls] cPpksa ij çfr O;fÙkQ O;; 2016&17 vk;q oxZ ds dqy 1-12 yk• Ldwy u tkus okys cPpksa
esa 3275 #i;s ls 82-8 çfr'kr c<+dj 2020&21 esa (vksvks,llh) dks eq[;/kjk esa yk;k x;kA
5986 #i;s gks x;kA 2021&22 ds fy, ;g vkadM+k 2-94 yk• OOSCs FkkA
lcls mRlkgtud rF; ;g gS fd dqy ctV esa bu 2-94 yk• cPpksa esa ls 1-85 yk• 6&10 lky dh
cky&fof'k"V O;; dk fgLlk 2016&17 esa 13-2 çfr'kr mez ds gSa vkSj 1-09 yk• 11&13 lky dh mez ds gSaA
ls c<+dj 2020&21 esa 18-7 çfr'kr gks x;k gSA 6&10 o"kZ vk;q oxZ esa 1-01 yk• yM+dksa vkSj 0-84
leku :i ls] dqy th,lMhih esa cPpksa ij lkoZtfud yk• yM+fd;ksa dks eq[;/kjk esa yk;k x;k gSA
O;; dk fgLlk 2016&17 esa 4-0 çfr'kr ls c<+dj 11&13 o"kZ ds vk;q oxZ ds fy,] lacaf/r vkadM+s 0-59
2020&21 esa 5-3 çfr'kr gks x;kA yk• yM+ds vkSj 0-49 yk• yM+fd;ka gSaA bu 2-94
z orZeku esa] ICDS fcgkj ds 38 ftyksa esa 544 ifj;kstuk yk• esa ls 23-0 çfr'kr ,llh] 2-1 çfr'kr ,lVh vkSj
dk;kZy;ksa ds ekè;e ls py jgk gSA vc rd] jkT; 15-3 çfr'kr vYila[;d leqnk; ds gSaA
esa 1]07]894 vkaxuokM+h dsaæ (,MCY;wlh) vkSj vfrfjÙkQ
vkaxuokM+h dsaæ vkSj 7115 feuh vkaxuokM+h dsaæ gSaA vè;k; XIV: i;kZoj.k] tyok;q ifjorZu vkSj
vkbZlhMh,l ds fy, ctV çko/ku 2017&18 esa 988-7
vkink çca/u
djksM+ #i;s ls yxkrkj c<+dj 2021&22 esa 1758-4 z i;kZoj.k] ou vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu foHkkx us jkT; esa
djksM+ #i;s gks x;k gS] tks 14-9 çfr'kr dh okf"kZd ikfjfLFkfrd larqyu vkSj oU;thoksa vkSj tSo fofo/rk dh
o`f¼ nj n'kkZrk gSA lqj{kk ds fy, 2021&22 esa dqy 394-28 djksM+ #i;s •pZ
2021&22 esa vkbZlhMh,l ds fy, ctV çko/ku 1758-4 fd, gSaA
djksM+ #i;s Fkk] tks 2020&21 ds 1533-8 djksM+ #i;s okfudh vkSj ykWfxax {ks=kksa us fiNys ikap o"kks± esa fcgkj
dh rqyuk esa 14-6 çfr'kr vf/d FkkA esa ldy jkT; ewY; o/Zu (th,loh,) esa 1-6 çfr'kr
z iks"k.k LokLF; vkSj fodkl ds ewy esa fufgr gSA dk ;ksxnku fn;kA
vkbZlhMh,l ds rgr iks"k.k dk ctV 9-7 çfr'kr dh z dqy feykdj fcgkj esa 1414 feeh ckfj'k gqbZA 2021 esa
okf"kZd nj ls c<+dj 2017&18 esa 1352-33 djksM+ #i;s o"kkZ] nh?kZdkfyd vkSlr ls yxHkx 31 çfr'kr vf/dA
ls c<+dj 2021&22 esa 1896-45 djksM+ #i;s gks x;kA z jkT; esa 2021 esa vkSlr U;wure rkieku 30 fMxzh lsfYl;l
2021&22 esa ctV ds lkis{k 101-5 çfr'kr /ujkf'k vkSj vkSlr mPp rkieku 42-5 fMxzh lsfYl;l dk ntZ
tkjh dh xbZ tks ljkguh; gSA fd;k x;kA
blds vykok] bu ikap o"kks± esa tkjh ctV ds eqdkcys z 1 tqykbZ] 2022 ls jkT; esa ,dy&mi;ksx IykfLVd ds lHkh
iks"k.k ij •pZ vkSlru 92-2 çfr'kr jgk gSA mRiknu] vk;kr] HkaMkj.k] forj.k] fcØh vkSj mi;ksx ij
2021&22 esa iks"k.k ij O;; tkjh fuf/ dk 96-1 çfr'kr çfrca/ yxk fn;k x;k gSA
jgk tks iqu% ljkguh; gSA z 2019&20 esa jkT; esa ty&thou&gfj;kyh dk;ZØe ds
z i;kZIr is;ty vkSj LoPNrk gLr{ksi ls cPpksa dh lexz 'kqHkkjaHk ls jkT; esa ou lalk/uksa ds laj{k.k dh fn'kk esa
LoPNrk vkSj nSfud vknrksa esa lq/kj gksrk gSA jkT; ljdkj }kjk ouhdj.k vfHk;ku vkSj cM+s iSekus ij
blfy,] Ldwyksa esa i;kZIr lqjf{kr ikuh lqfuf'pr djuk o`{kkjksi.k xfrfof/;ksa dks c<+kok feyk gSA
vkSj LoPNrk dks vPNh rjg ls cuk, j•uk Ldwy ds 2021&22 esa ty&thou&gfj;kyh vfHk;ku ds ^fe'ku
cqfu;knh <kaps dk ,d egRoiw.kZ fgLlk gSA 5-0 djksM+ ikS/kjksi.k vfHk;ku* ds rgr dqy 388-97
,slh lqfo/k,a NksVs cPpksa] ekfld /eZ dh vk;q okyh yk• ikS/s yxk, x,A
yM+fd;ksa vkSj fodykax cPpksa lfgr lHkh ds fy, gksuh z fcgkj Hkwdai] ck<+] lw•k] vka/h vkSj yw tSlh dbZ çkÑfrd
pkfg,A vkinkvksa ds çfr laosnu'khy gSA

WALLAH
2021&22 esa] ck<+ ls gqbZ {kfr us dqy 32 ftyksa dks z ou lalk/u%
çHkkfor fd;k] ftlls 6-54 yk• gsDVs;j iQly {ks=k i.kZikrh çkÑfrd lky ou% dSewj] jksgrkl] vkSjaxkckn]
çHkkfor gqvkA teqbZ] eqaxsj vkSj ckadkA
ck<+ ls gqbZ iQly {kfr ds fy, Ñf"k foHkkx ds ekè;e
ue i.kZikrh ou% if'pe paikj.kA
ls çHkkfor fdlkuksa ds chp 489-59 djksM+ #i;s dh
z dkcZu LVkWd%
jkf'k forfjr dh x;hA
dqy ou dkcZu LVkWd 56-88 fefy;u Vu Fkk] tks 2019
jkgr mik;ksa ds rgr ,uMhvkj,iQ vkSj ,lMhvkj,iQ
dh enn ls ck<+ çHkkfor bykdksa ls djhc 3-30 yk• ds vuqeku 55-24 fefy;u Vu ls vf/d gSA
yksxksa dks lqjf{kr LFkkuksa ij igqapk;k x;kA fofHkUu iwyksa esa] lcls vf/d dkcZu LVkWd e`nk
fofHkUu vkinkvksa ds çca/u vkSj jkgr lgk;rk çnku

dkcZfud dkcZu ls Fkk] mlds ckn tehu ds Åij dk
djus ds fy, 2021&22 esa 3232-21 djksM+ #i;s dh æO;eku FkkA
jkf'k vkoafVr fd;s x;sA z egRoiw.kZ ;kstuk,¡%
z if'peh dkslh ugj ;kstuk ds rgr e/qcuh vkSj njHkaxk bls 2019&20 esa ykWUp fd;k
ftyksa esa 803 djksM+ #i;s dh vuqekfur ykxr ls ,d ubZ x;k FkkA
flapkbZ ç.kkyh dk fuekZ.k vkSj ekStwnk ugjksa vkSj lajpukvksa fe'ku ds rgr ou foHkkx
dk iqu#¼kj çxfr ij gSA jkT; esa ulZjh fuekZ.k ,oa l?ku
;kstuk ds ifj.kkeLo:i] dqy 2]65]265 gsDVs;j dh ty&thou o`{kkjksi.k gsrq uksMy foHkkx gSA
flapkbZ {kerk dk l`tu gksxkA gfj;kyh fe'ku bldk eq[; mís'; jkT;
z o"kkZ% esa gfj;kyh c<+kus ds fy,
fcgkj esa 2021 esa dqy feykdj 1414 feeh ckfj'k o`{kkjksi.k] ty laj{k.k vkSj
gqbZ] tks nh?kZdkfyd vkSlr (1012 feeh) ls yxHkx i;kZoj.k laj{k.k ds çfr yksxksa
31» vf/d gSA dks tkx:d djuk gSA
fcgkj dh 68» ls vf/d o"kkZ nf{k.k&if'pe ekulwu bl ;kstuk ds rgr fdlkuksa
ds nkSjku gqbZ] 'ks"k 32» 'khrdkyhu o"kkZ] xeZ ekSle dh dh Hkwfe ij o`{kkjksi.k gsrq ikS/s
o"kkZ vkSj mÙkj&if'pe ekulwu ls gqbZA miyC/ djk;s tk jgs gSaA
2021&22 esa] if'pe paikj.k esa lcls vf/d 2248 çfr ikS/k 10 :i;s dh jkf'k
feeh ckfj'k gqbZ] blds ckn fd'kuxat (2224 feeh) tek jkf'k ds :i esa yh tkrh
vkSj iwohZ paikj.k (1905 feeh) dk LFkku jgkA gSA
Ñf"k okfudh
2021&22% lokZf/d o"kkZ okys ftys% if'peh rhu o"kZ dh lekfIr ds ckn]
;kstuk
paikj.k fd'kuxat vkSj iwohZ paikj.kA ;fn ikS/s dh thforrk 50»
2021&22% lcls de ckfj'k vjoy (850 feeh) ls vf/d gS] rks fdlkuksa dks
esa ntZ dh xbZA vius •sr esa ikS/s mxkus ds
uksV% 2021&22 esa fcgkj ds 38 ftyksa esa ls 17 fy, çksRlkgu ds :i esa tek
ftyksa esa vkSlr o"kkZ 1414 feeh ls vf/d gqbZA jkf'k lfgr 70 #i;s dh jkf'k
2022&23 ds nkSjku] nf{k.k&if'pe ekulwu ds dkj.k
nh tk,xhA
fd'kuxat esa lcls vf/d 1675 feeh ckfj'k gqbZ] bl ;kstuk ds rgr ou foHkkx
blds ckn vjfj;k (1008 feeh) dk LFkku jgkA }kjk vkoklh; {ks=kksa] lM+dksa@
lcls de ckfj'k vjoy esa (320 feeh) ntZ dh xbZA
jkLrksa vkfn ds fdukjs o`{kkjksi.k
'kgjh okfudh
rkieku% dk dk;Z fd;k tkrk gSA
z ;kstuk
jksis x, ikS/ksa dh de ls de
2021 ds nkSjku] fcgkj dk vkSlr U;wure rkieku 30
fMxzh lsfYl;l jgk vkSj vkSlr vf/dre rkieku 42-5 rhu o"kZ rd ns•Hkky ou
fMxzh rd igqap x;kA foHkkx }kjk dh tkrh gSA

ty&thou gfj;kyh fe'ku ds {ks=kiQy HkkSxksfyd 2019 dh
oxZ
fe'ku 2-51 mís'; ds vuq:i 2020&21 esa (oxZ fdeh) {ks=k dk » fjiksVZ ls o`f¼
djksM+ o`{kkjksi.k i`Foh fnol ¹9 vxLr] 2020º ou vkoj.k 7380-79 oxZ 7-84 » 75 oxZ fd-eh
vfHk;ku rd 2-51 djksM+ ikS/s yxkus dk fd-eh
fu.kZ; fy;k x;kA o`{k vkoj.k 2341 oxZ 2-48» 338 oxZ fd-eh
fd-eh
Hkkjr jkT; ou fjiksVZ% fcgkj dqy 9722 oxZ 10-32» 413 oxZ fd-eh
fd-eh
Hkkjr jkT; ou fjiksVZ ¹vkbZ,l,iQvkjº] 2021
z ftyksa esa ou vkoj.k ¹{ks=kokjº% 'kh"kZ ikap ftys
z ;g fjiksVZ Hkkjrh; ou loZs{k.k ¹eq[;ky;% nsgjknwuº }kjk
gj nks lky esa tkjh dh tkrh gSA ftyksa {ks=k

;g igyh ckj 1987 esa çdkf'kr gqbZ Fkh vkSj ISFR,
dSewj 1051-56 oxZ fd-eh
2021 17 oha fjiksVZ gSA if'peh paikj.k 903-34 oxZ fd-eh
z LFkSfrd rF;% vkbZ,l,iQvkj] 2021 fjiksVZ esa mfYyf•r
jksgrkl 669-91 oxZ fd-eh
fcgkjA teqbZ 661-17 oxZ fd-eh
x;k 602-55 oxZ fd-eh
HkkSxksfyd {ks=k 94]163 oxZ fd-eh-
z ftyksa esa ou vkoj.k ¹çfr'kr ds vuqlkjº% 'kh"kZ ikap
HkkSxksfyd funZs'kkad v{kka'k% 24°20'10" ^mÙkj ls
ftys
27°31'15" mÙkj rd
ftyksa izfr'kr
ns'kkarj% 83°19'50" îwoZ ls
88°17'40" iwoZ rd dSewj 31-56»
teqbZ 21-34»
tula[;k dqy% 104-10 fefy;u
¹tux.kuk 2011º uoknk 20-72»
'kgjh% 11-76 fefy;u (11-29»)
if'peh paikj.k 17-28»
xzkeh.k% 92-34 fefy;u (88-71»)
jksgrkl 17-26»
tutkrh;% 1-34 fefy;u (1-28»)
vkSlr tula[;k ?kuRo 1106 çfr oxZ fdeh- z ftyksa esa ou vkoj.k ¹{ks=kokjº% fupys ikap ftys
ftyksa {ks=kiQy
i'kq/u tula[;k ¹19 32-93 fefy;u-
oha i'kq/u tux.kukº 'ks•iqjk 1-19 oxZ fd-eh
ftyksa dh la[;k 38 vjoy 4-14 oxZ fd-eh
tgkukckn 4-43 oxZ fd-eh
igkM+h ftyksa dh la[;k 0
cDlj 5-89 oxZ fd-eh
tutkrh; ftyksa dh la[;k 0
floku 7-66 oxZ fd-eh
z fcgkj esa ou vkSj o`{k vkoj.k%
vkbZ,l,iQvkj fjiksVZ] 2021 ds vuqlkj] fcgkj esa ou
z ftyksa esa ou vkoj.k ¹çfr'kr&okjº% fupys ikap ftys
{ks=k 7380-79 oxZ fdeh gS tks fcgkj ds HkkSxksfyd {ks=k ftyksa izfr'kr
dk 7-84» gSA 'ks•iqjk 0-17»
fcgkj esa o`{k vkoj.k 2341 oxZ fdeh gS tks fcgkj ds cDlj 0-35»
HkkSxksfyd {ks=k dk 2-48» gSA floku 0-35»
o`{k vkoj.k dks vfHkfyf•r ou {ks=k ds ckgj ik,
xksikyxat 0-42»
tkus okys 1 gsDVs;j ls de vkdkj ds lHkh o`{k tgkukckn 0-48»
{ks=kksa ds :i esa ifjHkkf"kr fd;k x;k gSA

WALLAH
z fcgkj esa ou vkoj.k% OF 3,761.54 4.00
Total 7,380.79 7.84
VDF
VDF Scrub 235.89 0.25
0.99% MDF
MDF z ;gka] ohMh,iQ cgqr ?kuk taxy gS] ,eMh,iQ eè;e ?kuk
Non-Forest 9.49% OF
91.91% OF taxy gS vkSj vks,iQ •qyk taxy gSA
4.00% Scrub
Scrub z vojksgh Øe% •qyk ou > eè;e ?kuk ou > cgqr ?kuk ou
0.295 Non Forest
z vf/dre ohMh,iQ doj okys ftys% if'peh paikj.k eqaxsj
> teqbZ > y•hljk;A
Forest Cover of Bihar (in sq km) z vf/dre ,eMh,iQ doj okys ftys% if'peh paikj.k >
Casss Area % of GA dSewj > teqbZ > jksgrklA
VDF 332.42 0.35 z vf/dre •qyk ou {ks=k okys ftys% dSewj > x;k > jksgrkl
MDF 3,285.83 3.49 > uoknkA
z fcgkj dk ou vkoj.k ekufp=k%

LEGEND
Very Dense Forest
Moderately Dense Forest
Open Forest
Scrub
Non-Forest
Water-bodies
International Boundary
State Boundary
District Boundary
Capital
z egRoiw.kZ fcanq% dSfl;k rksjkA

lsUuk vkWfDlMsaVfylA
fcgkj esa ouksa esa dqy dkcZu HkaMkj 56-88 fefy;u Vu
gS tks ns'k ds dqy ou dkcZu dk 0-79» gSA z 2019 dh fjiksVZ dh rqyuk esa ou vkoj.k esa lokZf/d
o`f¼ okys ftys%
fcgkj esa çeq• vkØked çtkfr;k¡ gSa%
ckadk > teqbZ > uoknkA
ySaVkuk dSekjkA z 2019 dh fjiksVZ dh rqyuk esa ou {ks=k esa lcls vf/d
Økseksyk,uk vksMksjsVkA gkfu okys ftys%
vkthZeksu esfDldkukA dSewj > lqikSy > jksgrklA

z fcgkj esa vfXu ço.k ou {ks=k%
dqy ou Hkwfe mi;ksx osQ fy, fjiksfVax {ks=k 9,360 100.00

Ø-
ou vfXu izo.k o.kZ ou vkoj.k vkoj.k taxy 622 6.65
la-
dk %
[ksrh osQ fy, vuqiyC/ Hkwfe 2,150 22.97
1. vR;f/d vfXu izo.k 24.38 0.33
LFkk;h pjkxkg vkSj vU; pjkbZ 15 0.16
2. cgqr vf/d vfXu izo.k 471.89 6.39
Hkwfe
3. vf/d vfXu izo.k 984.48 13.34
isM+ iQlyksa vkSj miouksa osQ rgr 248 2.65
4. eè;e :i ls vfXu izo.k 1,173.58 15.90
Hkwfe
5. de vfXu izo.k 4,726.67 64.04
;ksX; catj Hkwfe 44 0.47
dqy 7,381.00 100.00
orZeku ijrh Hkwfe ds vykok vU; 120 1.28
z fcgkj esa Hkwfe mi;ksx iSVuZ% ijrh Hkwfe
{ks=kiQy orZeku ijrh Hkwfe 919 9.82
Hkwfe mi;ksx osQ izdkj izfr'kr
(*000 gs- esa) 'kq¼ cks;k x;k {ks=k 5,242 56.00
HkkSxksfyd {ks=k 9,416 lzksr% Hkwfe mi;ksx lkaf[;dh] Ñf"k ea=kky;] Hkkjr ljdkj]
z fcgkj esa jk"Vªh; m|ku vkSj oU;tho vHk;kj.;%
fcgkj esa ,d jk"Vªh; m|ku vkSj 12 oU;tho vHk;kj.; gSaA
okfYedh jk"Vªh; m|ku fcgkj ds if'peh paikj.k ftys esa fLFkr gSA
{ks=kokj% dSewj > okYehfd > Hkhecka/A
Ø- oU;tho] i{kh vHk;kj.;@Vkbxj {ks=kiQy iztkfr;k¡

LFkku
la- fjtoZ dk uke (oxZ fdeh-) (izdkj ,oa la[;k)
1. okfYedh oU;tho vHk;kj.;@ okfYedh Vkbxj fjtoZ fMohtu& 898.93 Lru/kjh (58)] vfoiQkSuk (261)]
okYehfd Vkbxj fjtoZ I vkSj II csfr;k] if'pe paikj.k ljhlì (26)] mHk;pj (13)
2. Hkheck/a oU;tho vHk;kj.; eqxsj ou izHkkx 681.90 isM+ (71)] >kfM+;k¡ (19)] tM+h&cwfV;k¡
(42)] ?kkl (33)] yrk (9)] Lru/kjh
(22)] i{kh (147)] ljhlì (10)

WALLAH
3. mn;iqj oU;tho vHk;kj.; csfr;k] if'pe paikj.k] csfr;k 8.87 isM+ (53)] >kfM+;k¡ vkSj yrk (13)]
ou çHkkx lkekU; ?kkl (8)] iQkSu (5)] frrfy;k¡
(3)] MªSxuÝykbt (4)] edfM+;k¡ (11)]
Lru/kjh (7)
4. dSewj oU;tho vHk;kj.; dSewj ,oa jksgrkl ou izHkkx 1504.96 isM+ (40)] >kM+h (45)] tM+h cwVh (110)]
yrk (25)] lst (12)] xzl (25)] i'kq
(16)] i{kh (100)
5. xkSre cq¼ oU;tho vHk;kj.; x;k ou izHkkx x;k 138.33 Lru/kjh (11)] ,foiQkSuk (100)] ljhlì
(10)] mHk;pj (8)] ouLifr (235)
6. jktxhj oU;tho vHk;kj.; ukyUnk ou izHkkx] fcgkj'kjhiQ 35.84 Lru/kjh (8)] ,foiQquk vkSj vU; (288)]
ljhlì (10)] mHk;pj (8)] Ýyksjk&520
7. jtkSuh (uoknk) oU;tho vHk;kj.; uoknk ou izHkkx] uoknk 27.27 Lru/kjh (11)] vfoiQkSuk (16)] ljhlì
(12)] mHk;pj (5)] ouLifr (111)
8. dq'ksPoj LFkku i{kh vHk;kj.; fefFkyk ou izHkkx] njHkaxk 29.21 Lru/kjh (4)] vfoiQkSuk (138)] ljhlì
(7)] mHk;pj (12)] ouLifr (129)
9. cjSyk >hy i{kh vHk;kj.k oS'kkyh ou izHkkx] gkthiqj 1.98 Lru/kjh (4)] vfoiQkSuk (117)] ljhlì
(8)] mHk;pj (12)] ouLifr (179)
10. udVh cka/ i{kh vHk;kj.k teqbZ ou izHkkx] teqbZ 3.33 Lru/kjh (4)] ,foiQquk (199)] ljhlì
(8)] mHk;pj (10)] ouLifr (15)
11. ukxh cka/ i{kh vHk;kj.k teqbZ ou izHkkx] teqbZ 1.92 Lru/kjh (4)] vfoiQkSuk (199)] ljhlì
(8)] mHk;pj (10)] ouLifr (15)
12. daoj >hy i{kh vHk;kj.k csxwljk; ou izHkkx] csxwljk; 63.11 Lru/kjh (5)] vfoiQkSuk (244)] ljhlì
(8)] mHk;pj (10)] ouLifr (255)
13. foØef'kyk xaxk MkWfYiQu vHk;kj.k Hkkxyiqj ou izHkkx] Hkkxyiqj xaxk unh esa Lru/kjh (5)] i{kh (74)] ljhlì (5)]
60 fdeh- mHk;pj (8)] eNyh (20)] ouLifr (31)
fcgkj% ubZ uhfr;ka vkSj dkuwu

ubZ uhfr;ka vkSj fo/ku lEcaf/r rF;
4 tqykbZ 2023 dks fcgkj dSfcusV us bls eatwjh ns nhA
ekpZ 2028 rd çHkkoh jgsxkA
;g ikWfylh vif'k"Vksa ,oa •k|kUuksa ls laihfM+r ck;ksxSl dh LFkkiuk ds
fy, ekU; gksxhA

fcgkj tSo bZa/u mRiknu uhfr] 2023 blesa fuos'kdksa dks 15» ;k vf/dre 5 djksM+ #i;s dh iwath lfClMh dk
çko/ku gSA
efgykvksa] ,llh@,lVh] bZchlh vkfn dks vfrfjÙkQ 0-75» lfClMhA
dSfcusV us fcgkj bFksukWy uhfr] 2022 dh oS/rk Hkh 30 twu] 2024 rd
c<+k nhA
uhfr dk ewy mís'; jkT; esa m|ferk dks c<+kok nsuk gSA
blesa 10 o"kks± ds fy, 10 yk• #i;s dk C;kt eqÙkQ cht dks"k vkSj
efgykvksa ds fy, 5» c<+k gqvk çksRlkgu lfgr fofHkUu çksRlkguksa dh

fcgkj LVkVZvi uhfr] 2022
ifjdYiuk dh xbZ gSA
mRikn lao/Zu vkSj foÙk iks"k.k ds fy, dBksj çf'k{k.k esa 'kkfey m|eksa ds
fy, 3 yk• #i;s dk vuqnkuA

uhfr ds varxZr çeq• çko/ku gSa%
jkT; ljdkj 10 djksM+ #i;s rd dk vuqnku nsxhA
blds vykok ljdkj 5 lky rd çfr ekg rhu gtkj ls ikap gtkj #i;s
dh osru lgk;rk Hkh nsxhA

fcgkj vkS|ksfxd fuos'k çksRlkgu uhfr
fu;kZr ds fy, lacaf/r bdkb;ksa dks 30» ifjogu lfClMh nh tk,xhA
¹diM+k ,oa peM+kº] 2022
ubZ uhfr ds rgr eky <qykbZ ij ikap lky rd çfr o"kZ 10 yk• #i;s
dk vuqnku fn;k tk,xkA

vkids mRiknksa dks isVsaV djkus ij iathdj.k O;; dk 50 çfr'kr vuqnku
fn;k tk,xk] tks vf/dre 10 yk• #i;s gksxkA

bl fcy ds eqrkfcd Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/d fcy ds rgr dh xbZ dksbZ Hkh
fcgkj fo'ks"k U;k;ky; la'kks/u dkjZokbZ bl fcy ds nk;js esa vk,xhA

fo/s;d] 2022 ;g 2009 ls lHkh ekeyksa ij ykxw gksxkA
fcgkj fo'ks"k U;k;ky; vf/fu;e 2009 esa ykxw fd;k x;k FkkA
fcgkj ljdkj us fcgkj eky vkSj lsok dj vf/fu;e 2017 dks vkSj
la'kksf/r djus ds fy, fcgkj eky vkSj lsok dj (la'kks/u) vf/fu;e]

2022 çdkf'kr fd;kA
th,lVh la'kks/u fo/s;d] 2022
;g vf/fu;e 4 tuojh] 2023 dks çdkf'kr gqvk FkkA
bls iQthZ fcy cukdj buiqV VSDl ØsfMV pksjh ij vadq'k yxkus ds fy,
is'k fd;k x;k FkkA

bldk mís'; ljdkjh çkf/dj.k }kjk Hkwfe vf/xzg.k ds fy, Hkwfe ekfydksa
dh lgefr dks •Re djuk gSA

fcgkj 'kgjh fu;kstu ,oa fodkl igys] 'kgjh fodkl ds fy, Hkwfe vf/xzg.k ds fy, 80» Hkwfe ekfydksa
foèks;d] 2022 dh lgefr ;k dqy Hkwfe {ks=k ds 80» ekfydksa dh lgefr vko';d FkhA
;g jkT; ljdkj dks 'kgjh fodkl ds fy, Hkwfe vf/xzg.k djus dk
vfèkdkj nsrk gSA

;g fcgkj uxjikfydk vf/fu;e] 2007 dh /kjk 23 vkSj /kjk 25 esa
la'kks/u djrk gSA

/kjk 23 tks ¶eq[; ik"kZn vkSj mi eq[; ik"kZn dk pquko¸ fufnZ"V djrh
gS] dks çfrLFkkfir fd;k x;k gS] vFkkZr%

uxj ikfydk ds ,d eq[; ik"kZn vkSj mi eq[; ik"kZn dk pquko lh/s
rkSj ij fd;k tk,xkA

fcgkj uxj ikfydk la'kks/u vè;kns'k
jkT; pquko vk;ksx ds funZs'ku] fu;a=k.k vkSj i;Zos{k.k ds rgr ml uxj
2022
ikfydk dh ernkrk lwph esa ukekafdr ernkrk] tks /kjk 24 ds rgr
xksiuh;rk dh 'kiFk ysus ds ckn rqjar in xzg.k djsaxsA
/kjk 25 tks fufnZ"V djrh gS ¶eq[; ik"kZn@mi eq[; ik"kZn dks gVkuk* dks
çfrLFkkfir fd;k x;k gS] vFkkZr%

¶eq[; ik"kZn vkSj mi eq[; ik"kZn ljdkj dks vius gLrk{kj lfgr i=k
fy•dj vius in ls bLrhiQk ns ldrs gSaA¸

blesa fcgkj jkT; fo'ofo|ky; lsok vk;ksx ds vè;{k dh vk;q lhek 72
fcgkj jkT; fo'ofo|ky; lsok vk;ksx
ls c<+kdj 75 o"kZ djus dh izko/ku dh x;h gSA
la'kks/u fo/s;d] 2022
lnL;ksa dh vk;q lhek igys dh rjg 70 o"kZ gh jgsxh-

WALLAH
fcgkj futh fo'ofo|ky; (la'kks/u) fo/s;d] 2021 esa çLrko gS fd ,sls
laLFkkuksa dks vLFkk;h LFkkuksa ls dk;Z djus dh vuqefr nh tk,xh] c'krZs os
futh fo'ofo|ky; (la'kks/u) vU; lHkh 'krks± dks iwjk djrs gksaA
fo/s;d] 2021 blds vykok] ;fn os fu/kZfjr fufeZr {ks=k dks nks lky dh fu/kZfjr vof/
ds Hkhrj fodflr djus esa vleFkZ gSa] rks mUgsa bls iwjk djus ds fy, vkSj
nks lky dk le; feysxkA
bldk mís'; fofHkUu ljdkjh foHkkxksa esa MkWDVjksa] bathfu;jksa vkSj i'kq
fcgkj rduhdh lsok vk;ksx (la'kks/u) fpfdRldksa dh HkrhZ dks vf/d lqfo/ktud vkSj vklku cukuk gSA
fo/s;d] 2021 rduhdh lsok vk;ksx ds vè;{k dk dk;Zdky 3 o"kZ vFkok 70 o"kZ] tks
Hkh igys gks] fu/kZfjr fd;k x;k gSA

fcgkj •fut la'kks/u fu;ekoyh] jkT; ljdkj us jkT; esa voS/ •uu ij udsy dlus ds fy, tqekZuk 25
2021 xquk rd c<+k fn;k gS-
30 vçSy] 2021 dks fcgkj viuh vkWDlhtu mRiknu uhfr ykus okyk igyk
jkT; cu x;kA
vkWDlhtu mRiknu lao/Zu uhfr] 2021
bldk mís'; fcgkj esa fpfdRlk mís';ksa ds fy, vkWDlhtu ds mRiknu esa
rsth ykuk gSA

fcgkj ns'k dk igyk jkT; gS ftlus jk"Vªh; tSo bZa/u uhfr] 2018 ds rgr
bFksukWy çksRlkgu uhfr cukbZ gSA

;g eDds dh vf/'ks"k ek=kk ls Hkh bFksukWy fudkyus dh vuqefr nsrk gS]
bFksukWy mRiknu çksRlkgu uhfr] 2021
tks xUus rd gh lhfer FkkA
,d fuos'kd dks la;a=k vkSj e'khujh dh ykxr dk 15» vf/dre 5 djksM+
#i;s rd vfrfjÙkQ ljdkjh lfClMh feysxhA

fczfV'k 'kklu ds 1857 ds vf/fu;e ls gh jkT; esa fcgkj flfoy dksVZ
dk lapkyu gks jgk FkkA

vHkh rd fcgkj esa caxky] vkxjk ,oa vle flfoy dksVZ ,DV] 1887 gh
ykxw gks jgk FkkA

ljdkj us 134 lky iqjkus dkuwu dks cnyrs gq, ;g u;k dkuwu ikfjr
fd;k gSA
u, dkuwu ds rgr]
flfoy dksVZ (twfu;j fMohtu) esa ikap yk• #i;s rd ds ekeyksa dh
lquokbZ gks ldrh gSA

fcgkj flfoy dksVZ fo/s;d] 2021
blls Åij vkSj 50 yk• rd ds ekeyksa dh lquokbZ flfoy dksVZ lhfu;j
fMohtu esa gksxhA

ftyk Lrjh; vnkyrsa flfoy vnkyrksa ij fu;a=k.k j•saxhA tcfd lHkh
ftyk vnkyrksa ij gkbZdksVZ dk fu;a=k.k gksxkA

jkT; ljdkj le;≤ ij mPp U;k;ky; dh lgefr ls ftyk ,oa
flfoy U;k;k/h'kksa dh la[;k fu/kZfjr dj ldrh gSA

;g dkuwu pkj rjg dh vnkyrksa ij ykxw gksxk- blesa vij fMfLVªDV
dksVZ] flfoy dksVZ (lhfu;j fMohtu) vkSj flfoy dksVZ (twfu;j

fMohtu) 'kkfey gSaA

bldk mís'; fcgkj esa fpfdRlk f'k{kk ds fodkl dks c<+kok nsus ds fy,
fcgkj LokLF; foKku fo'ofo|ky;
¶LokLF; foKku fo'ofo|ky;¸ dh LFkkiuk djuk gSA
vfèkfu;e] 2021
;wfuoflZVh dh LFkkiuk iVuk esa dh tk;sxh-
fcgkj% jk"Vªh; Lrj ij lwpdkadksa esa jSafdax

;g nwljk laLdj.k (2021 esa igyk laLdj.k) gS vkSj uhfr vk;ksx }kjk tkjh
fd;k x;k FkkA
lwpdkad LokLF;] f'k{kk vkSj thou Lrj ij vk/kfjr gS ftlesa 12 ladsrd
'kkfey gSaA
jk"Vªh; cgqvk;keh xjhch lwpdkad] ,u,iQ,p,l&4 (2015&16) esa mPpre ,eihvkbZ ewY; okys jkT; fcgkj esa
2023 ,eihvkbZ ewY; esa iw.kZ :i ls lcls rsth ls deh ns•h xbZ] ftlesa cgqvk;keh
xjhcksa dk vuqikr 2019&21 esa 51-89» ls ?kVdj 33-76» gks x;kA
bl lwpdkad esa fcgkj dk ,eihvkbZ ewY; % 0-160
fcgkj esa 2]25]11]679 yksx ¹16-65»º cgqvk;keh xjhch ls ckgj fudysA
fcgkj vHkh Hkh Hkkjr dk lcls cgqvk;keh xjhc jkT; gSA
bls 7 twu] 2023 dks ¹fo'o •k| lqj{kk fnol ds volj ijº tkjh fd;k
x;k FkkA
Hkkjrh; •k| lqj{kk vkSj ekud çkf/dj.k ¹eq[;ky; ¾ ubZ fnYyhº lwpdkad
rS;kj djrk gSA

5 ok¡ jkT; •k| lqj{kk lwpdkad dsjy ¹Ldksj% 63@100º lwpdkad esa 'kh"kZ ij gS vkSj mlds ckn iatkc gSA
2022&23 fcgkj 19 osa LFkku ij gS ¹fcgkj dk Ldksj% 20-5@100ºA
bl fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj •k| lqj{kk ds ekeys esa x;k vkSj uoknk fcgkj ds
'kh"kZ ftys gSaA

jk"Vªh; Lrj ij os 209 oha jSad ij gSaA
20 osa LFkku ij 20 Ldksj ds lkFk >kj•aM gSA
bls baVjusV ,aM eksckby ,lksfl,'ku vkWiQ bafM;k vkSj darkj }kjk tkjh fd;k
x;k FkkA
bl fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj] 2022 esa Hkkjr dh 52» vkcknh ¹759 fefy;uº ds
Hkkjr esa baVjusV fjiksVZ] 2022 ikl baVjusV dh igqap FkhA

70» vkcknh ds ikl baVjusV dh igqap ds lkFk xksok 'kh"kZ ij gSA
fcgkj esa baVjusV dh igqap Hkkjr esa lcls de gS] ;gka dh 32» vkcknh ds
ikl baVjusV dh igqap gSA

;g 17 tqykbZ] 2023 dks uhfr vk;ksx }kjk tkjh fd;k x;k] ;g bl lwpdkad
dk rhljk laLdj.k gSA

rfeyukMq 80-89 Ldksj ds lkFk lwpdkad esa 'kh"kZ ij gS vkSj mlds ckn egkjk"Vª
gSA
fu;kZr rS;kjh lwpdkad 2022
fcgkj dh lexz jSad% 22 oha ¹Ldksj¾41-06ºA
;g O;kikj ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa 27 osa] fu;kZr uhfr esa 13 osa] fu;kZr
ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k esa 25 osa] fu;kZr çn'kZu esa 29 osa] Hkwfe ls f?kjs jkT;ksa ls
fu;kZr esa 9 osa LFkku ij gSA

WALLAH
Hkkjr ds fu;kZr esa fcgkj dk dqy ;ksxnku% 0-52»A
fcgkj ljdkj dk y{; 2025 rd fu;kZr esa fgLlsnkjh 0-52» ls c<+kdj 10»
djuk gSA
fu;kZr ds ekeys esa csxqljk; fcgkj dk vxz.kh ftyk gSA
lwpdkad ds vuqlkj] fcgkj us 2021 rd 2671 djksM+ #i;s dh Ñf"k oLrqvksa
dk fu;kZr fd;k gSA

nwljk laLdj.k 2022 esa tkjh fd;k x;k Fkk ¹32-06 Ldksj ds lkFk fcgkj dh
jSad ¾ 22 ohaº
;g dkWeu dkWt vkSj lsaVj iQkWj lks'ky tfLVl ds lg;ksx ls VkVk VªLV dh
,d la;qÙkQ igy gSA
bls igyh ckj 2019 esa fjyht fd;k x;k FkkA
Hkkjr U;k; fjiksVZ] 2022
lwpdkad esa dukZVd 'kh"kZ ij gS vkSj mlds ckn rfeyukMq gSA
2022 laLdj.k esa fcgkj dh jSad% 16 oha ¹Ldksj 4-32ºA
mÙkj çns'k lcls fupys ik;nku ij gS ¹18 oha jSadºA
bls ifCyd viQs;lZ lsaVj ¹eq[;ky;% csaxyq#º }kjk tkjh fd;k x;k gSA
7 oka lkoZtfud ekeys lwpdkad]
2022 esa lwpdkad esa gfj;k.kk 'kh"kZ ij gS vkSj mlds ckn rfeyukMq gSA
2022
fcgkj dh jSad% 15 oha ¹Ldksj% 0-461º
bls Xykscy buksos'ku baMsDl dh rtZ ij uhfr vk;ksx vkSj baLVhVÔwV iQkWj
dkWfEifVfVousl us rS;kj fd;k FkkA
igyk laLdj.k vDVwcj] 2019 esa ¹fcgkj dh jSad% 16 ohaºA
nwljk laLdj.k% ¹fcgkj dh jSad% 14-48 Ldksj ds lkFk 17 ohaº
rhljk Hkkjr uokpkj lwpdkad] rhljk laLdj.k tqykbZ] 2022 esaA
2022 blesa dukZVd 'kh"kZ ij jgkA
rhljs laLdj.k esa] jSafdax ds fy, 66 ladsrdksa dk mi;ksx fd;k x;k Fkk tcfd
igys vkSj nwljs laLdj.k esa] jSafdax ds fy, dsoy 36 ladsrdksa dk mi;ksx
fd;k x;k FkkA
bls •k| vkSj lkoZtfud forj.k ea=kky; }kjk tkjh fd;k x;k FkkA
,u,iQ,l, ds fy, igyk jkT;
bl lwpdkad esa vksfM'kk 'kh"kZ ij gS vkSj mlds ckn mÙkj çns'k gSA
jSafdax lwpdkad] 2022
bls ç/kuea=kh dh vkfFkZd lykgdkj ifj"kn us tkjh fd;kA

lkekftd çxfr lwpdkad] 2022 bl lwpdkad esa iqMqpsjh 'kh"kZ ij gS vkSj mlds ckn y{k}hi gSA
fcgkj dh jSad% 35 oha ¹cgqr de lkekftd çxfr vkSj Ldksj% 44-47º
bls uhfr vk;ksx }kjk tkjh fd;k x;kA

lrr fodkl y{; Hkkjr lwpdkad]
lwpdkad esa dsjy 'kh"kZ ij gS ¹Ldksj% 75@100º
2020&21
fcgkj dh jSad% 28 oha ¹Ldksj% 52@100º

fcgkj% •cjksa esa ,sIl vkSj iksVZy
,sIl vkSj iksVZy lEcaf/r rF;
bldk 'kqHkkjaHk ty lalk/u foHkkx }kjk fd;k x;kA
BeFIQR dk eryc ck<+ vkSj flapkbZ Rofjr çfrfØ;k ds fy, fcgkj bZ&flLVe gSA
BeFIQR blls fcgkj esa ck<+ vkSj lw•s ds çHkko dks de djus esa enn feysxhA
,Iyhds'ku Lopkfyr ç.kkyh ds ekè;e ls okLrfod le; esa ck<+ vkSj flapkbZ
ls lacaf/r vko';d tkudkjh çnku djsxkA

bldk 'kqHkkjaHk LokLF; foHkkx }kjk fd;k x;kA
oaMj ,Iyhds'ku ,Ecqysal dh miyC/rk lqfuf'pr djuk vkSj xHkZorh efgykvksa dks fpfdRlk
lgk;rk çnku djukA

bls fcgkj ljdkj }kjk vk'kk dk;ZdrkZvksa ds cSad •krksa esa lh/s çksRlkgu
bZ&vf'ou iksVZy
gLrkarj.k dh lqfo/k ds fy, ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA
bldk eryc f'k{kdksa vkSj Nk=kksa dh bZ&ykbczsjh gSA
bZ&ykWV~l iksVZy bls fcgkj f'k{kk ifj;kstuk ifj"kn }kjk ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA
d{kk 1 ls 12 oha rd dh fdrkcsa miyC/ gSa
bls fcgkj ds iapk;rh jkt foHkkx }kjk ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA
bZ&fu'p; iksVZy gj ?kj uy ty vkSj xyh ukyh iDdhdj.k ;kstuk ls lacaf/r f'kdk;rksa ds
lek/ku ds fy,A
bls lh&MSd }kjk fpfdRlk lykg çkIr djus ds fy, dksfoM egkekjh ds nkSjku
bZ&lathouh ,Iyhds'ku
fodflr fd;k x;k FkkA
bls jktLo ,oa Hkwfe lq/kj foHkkx }kjk ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA
ifjektZu iksVZy ;g fcgkj ds Hkwfe/kjdksa dks fMftVyhÑr mRifjorZu nLrkostksa esa =kqfV;ksa@lq/kj
ls lacaf/r f'kdk;rsa ntZ djus esa l{ke cuk,xkA

bldk 'kqHkkjaHk ty lalk/u foHkkx }kjk fd;k x;kA
n`f"V vkosnu
blls jkT; esa py jgh fofHkUu ifj;kstukvksa dh fuxjkuh gks ldsxhA
bls jkT; esa flapkbZ ifj;kstukvksa dh fuxjkuh ds fy, ty lalk/u foHkkx

WAMIS ,Iyhds'ku
}kjk ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA
bldk 'kqHkkjaHk LokLF; foHkkx }kjk fd;k x;kA
vueksy ,Iyhds'ku
;g jkT; esa xHkZorh efgykvksa vkSj cPpksa dk fMftVy fjdkWMZ cuk, j•sxkA
bls fcgkj iqfyl }kjk jkT; ds lHkh vijkf/;ksa dk MsVkcsl cuk, j•us ds fy,
pØ eksckby ,Iyhds'ku
ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA
bls ÅtkZ foHkkx }kjk vkWuykbu fctyh fcy Hkqxrku] u, dusD'ku] f'kdk;r
lqfo/k ,Iyhds'ku
vkfn lsokvksa ds fy, ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA
bls vkink çca/u foHkkx }kjk 20 fdeh ds nk;js esa fctyh fxjus dh ?kVuk ls
baæotz ,Iyhds'ku
de ls de 40 feuV igys psrkouh nsus ds fy, ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA
Nk=kksa dks d{kk 1 ls 12oha rd dh ikBÔiqLrdksa dh vkWuykbu miyC/rk l{ke
fo|kokfguh ,Iyhds'ku
dj nh gSA
bls fcgkj f'k{kk foHkkx }kjk 9 oha ls 12 oha d{kk rd ds yM+dksa vkSj yM+fd;ksa
fiQyks iksVZy
dks eqÝr fMftVy f'k{kk çnku djus ds fy, ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA

WALLAH
fcgkj jkT; tSo fofo/rk ifj"kn fcgkj ds fofHkUu ftyksa esa fojklr o`{kksa dk
MsVkcsl j•us ds fy, bl ,fIyds'ku dk mi;ksx dj jgh gSA
fojklr o`{k ,Iyhds'ku
gsfjVst Vªh D;k gS\
50 o"kZ ls vf/d vk;q ds isM+A
bls fcgkj x`g foHkkx }kjk ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA
blls fcgkj esa dkuwu O;oLFkk dh fLFkfr lq/kjus esa enn feysxhA
x`g n'kZu ,Iyhds'ku
blesa iqfyl LVs'ku] vLirky] iQk;j LVs'ku vkfn dk MsVkcsl gksxkA
jkT; ds fuoklh bl ,fIyds'ku dh enn ls lgk;rk çkIr dj ldrs gSaA
;g NksVs vkSj lhekar fdlkuksa }kjk fdjk, ij yh tkus okyh Ñf"k e'khujh dh
gk;fjax eksckby ,Iyhds'ku
miyCèkrk ds ckjs esa tkudkjh çnku djsxkA
fcgkj ljdkj% y{; vkSj VkjxsV

y{; y{; o"kZ
10» fctyh dh •ir lkSj ÅtkZ ls 2023
iVuk esVªks ifj;kstuk dk iwjk gksuk flracj] 2024
fcgkj ds gj ?kj esa çhisM ehVj yxkuk ekpZ 2025
fcgkj ds fu;kZr dks 20 xquk c<+kdj Hkkjr ds fu;kZr dk 10» djuk 2025
fcgkj esa ;{ek dk mUewyu 2025
vkRefuHkZj fcgkj lkr fu'p; Hkkx&2 dh flf¼ 2025
fcgkj esa lM+d nq?kZVukvksa esa 50» dh deh 2030
fcgkj esa 100» lk{kjrk gkfly djuk 2030
fcgkj esa gsisVkbfVl dk •kRek 2030
fcgkj esa ,M~l dk mUewyu 2030
mPp f'k{kk esa 50» ukekadu vuqikr gkfly djuk 2035
fcgkj esa 'kwU; dkcZu mRltZu ¹dkcZu rVLFkrkº çkIr djuk 2040
tux.kuk 2011% fcgkj tux.kuk ¶tux.kuk vf/fu;e 1948¸ ds rgr

vk;ksftr dh tkrh gSA
ifjp; 2011 dh tux.kuk dk vkn'kZ okD;% ¶gekjh tux.kuk
z nqfu;k esa lcls igyh tux.kuk LohMu esa vk;ksftr dh gekjk Hkfo";¸A
2011 dh tux.kuk dk MsVk 31 ekpZ] 2011 dks tkjh
xbZ Fkh ¹1749ºA
fd;k x;k FkkA
fczfV'k Hkkjr esa ykWMZ es;ks us 1872 esa igyh tux.kuk
2011 ds jftLVªkj tujy vkSj tux.kuk vk;qÙkQ% lh
djk;hA
paæekSyhA
1881 ¹ykWMZ fjiuº ls] tux.kuk nl o"kks± ds varjky
1931 esa vaxzstksa }kjk vkf•jh tkfr&vk/kfjr tux.kuk
ij vk;ksftr dh tkus okyh ,d fu;fer çfØ;k cu dh xbZ FkhA
xbZA 2021 tux.kuk% 16 oha vkSj vktknh ds ckn 8 oha
z tux.kuk 2011% tux.kuk gksxhA

;g dqy feykdj 15 oha vkSj vktknh ds ckn 7 oha Hkkjrh; lafo/ku dh 8 oha vuqlwph esa mfYyf•r 22
tux.kuk FkhA Hkk"kkvksa esa ls 18 Hkk"kkvksa esa vk;ksftr fd;k tk,xkA

z fcgkj% 2011 dh tux.kuk ds egRoiw.kZ vkadM+s% z rqyuk% Hkkjr vkSj fcgkj% tux.kuk 2011
fcgkj dh dqy tula[;k 10]40]99]452 tulkaf[;dh; 'kCn Hkkjr fcgkj
iq#"k tula[;k 5]42]78]157 ¹52-14»º n'kdh; o`f¼ nj ¹2001&2011º 17-7» 25-42»
efgyk tula[;k 4]98]21]295 ¹47-86»º 'kgjhdj.k 31-2» 11-3»
fcgkj esa vuqlwfpr tkfr 15-9» tula[;k ?kuRo 382 1106
dh vkcknh fyax vuqikr 943 918
fcgkj esa ,lVh vkcknh 1-3» cky fyax vuqikr 919 935
Hkkjr dh tula[;k dk » 8-60»- lk{kjrk nj 74-04» 61-8»
vkcknh ds fygkt ls mÙkj çns'k] egkjk"Vª] fcgkj iq#"k lk{kjrk nj 82-14» 71-2»
¹rhljkº efgyk lk{kjrk nj 65-46» 51-5»
z tux.kuk 2011% fcgkj ftyk&vk/kfjr MsVk%

lokZf/d tula[;k okyk ftyk iVuk gS ¹58]38]465º
'kh"kZ ikap lcls vf/d vkcknh okys ftysA
tula[;k ds vuqlkj ftys dh iVuk > iwohZ paikj.k > eqtÝiQjiqj > e/qcuh > x;kA
jSafdax lcls de tula[;k okyk ftyk 'ks•iqjk gSA
lcls de ik¡p vkcknh okys ftys%
'ks•iqjk < f'kogj < vjoy < y•hljk; < tgkukcknA
lokZf/d lk{kj ftyk jksgrkl gS ¹73-4»º
'kh"kZ ikap lokZf/d lk{kj ftys%
jksgrkl > iVuk > Hkkstiqj > eqaxsj > vkSjaxkcknA
lcls de lk{kj ftyk iwf.kZ;k gS ¹51-1»º
lcls de ikap lk{kj ftys%

lk{kjrk vk/kfjr ftyk jSafdax
iwf.kZ;k] lhrke<+h] dfVgkj] e/siqjk] lgjlkA
lokZf/d iq#"k lk{kjrk okyk ftyk jksgrkl gSA
lcls de iq#"k lk{kjrk okyk ftyk iwf.kZ;k gSA
lokZf/d efgyk lk{kjrk okyk ftyk jksgrkl gSA
lcls de efgyk lk{kjrk okyk ftyk lgjlk gS ¹41-7»º
mPpre tula[;k ?kuRo jSafdax%
f'kogj (1880) > >iVuk (1823) > >njHkaxk (1728)

tula[;k ?kuRo MsVk
U;wure tula[;k ?kuRo jSafdax%
dSewj (488) < teqbZ (568) < ckadk
mPpre fyaxkuqikr jSafdax%
xksikyxat (1021) > lhoku (988)] lkj.k (954)
lcls de fyaxkuqikr%
fyaxkuqikr MsVk eqaxsj (876) < Hkkxyiqj (880) < •xfM+;k (886)
cky fyaxkuqikr%
lcls T;knk fd'kuxat (971) esaA
lcls de oS'kkyh (904) esaA

WALLAH
lokZf/d vuqlwfpr tkfr tula[;k okyk ftyk% x;kA

vuqlwfpr tkfr tula[;k ij ftyksa dh jSafdax%
x;k > iVuk > leLrhiqjA
lcls de vuqlwfpr tkfr tula[;k okyk ftyk% f'kogjA

vuqlwfpr tkfr vkSj tutkfr MsVk
vf/dre ST tula[;k okyk ftyk% if'peh paikj.kA
,lVh tula[;k ij ftyksa dh jSafdax%
if'peh paikj.k > dfVgkj > iwf.kZ;kA
lcls de vuqlwfpr tutkfr tula[;k okyk ftyk% f'kogj ¹318º
iVuk fcgkj dk lcls vf/d 'kgjhÑr ftyk gS ¹43-1»º
'kgjh tula[;k ds vk/kj ij jSafdax%
iVuk > Hkkxyiqj > x;kA
f'kogj esa lcls de 'kgjh vkcknh gSA

xzkeh.k&'kgjh MsVk
'kgjhdj.k çfr'kr ds vk/kj ij ftyksa dh jSafdax%
iVuk (43-1») > eqaxsj (27-8») > Hkkxyiqj (19-8»)
xzkeh.k vkcknh ds vk/kj ij jSafdaxA
iwohZ paikj.k > eqtÝiQjiqj > e/qcuh > leLrhiqj > x;kA
'ks•iqjk esa lcls de xzkeh.k vkcknh gSA
lcls de 'kgjhÑr ftys
leLrhiqj ¾ ckadk ¾ 3-5»A
e/siqjk esa mPpre n'kdh; fodkl nj 31-12» gSA
n'kdh; fodkl nj ds vk/kj ij jSafdax%

n'kdh; o`f¼ nj (2001&11)
e/siqjk > fd'kuxat > vjfj;k > •xfM+;kA
xksikyxat dh n'kdh; fodkl nj lcls de 19-02» gS
/eZ ds vk/kj ij tula[;kA fganw > eqfLye > bZlkbZ /eZ > ckS¼ /eZ > fl• /eZ > tSu /eZA
fcgkj% •sy lekpkj

•sy lEcaf/r rF;
8 ls 17 tqykbZ] 2023 rd isfjl esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
Úkal ds isfjl esa py jgs iSjk ,FkysfVDl oYMZ pSafi;uf'ki esa 'kSys'k dqekj
fo'o iSjk ,FkysfVDl pSfEi;uf'ki] ¹teqbZ] fcgkjº us jtr ind thrk gSA
2023 mUgksaus Åaph owQn Li/kZ esa nwljk LFkku gkfly dj jtr ind thrkA
eksjDdks esa vk;ksftr fo'o iSjk ,FkysfVDl xzkaçh 2022 esa jtr ind Hkh
thrk
;g Hkksiky] eè; çns'k esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
ind rkfydk esa egkjk"Vª 'kh"kZ ij jgk vkSj mlds ckn gfj;k.kk dk LFkku jgkA
fcgkj dk LFkku% 24 oka ¹1 Lo.kZ] 1 jtr vkSj 5 dkaL;% dqy 7 indº
5 osa •syks bafM;k ;wFk xsEl] 2023 ,dek=k Lo.kZ ind ryokjckth Li/kZ esa vkdk'k dqekj us thrkA
mUgksaus y•uÅ esa vk;ksftr •syks bafM;k ;wfuoflZVh xsEl] 2023 esa
ryokjckth esa Lo.kZ ind Hkh thrkA

og fcgkj ds lkj.k ftys ds jgus okys gSaA

;g fcykliqj] NÙkhlx<+ esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
fcgkj dh vatuh dqekjh (teqbZ ls) us Hkkyk iQsad Li/kZ (49-95 ehVj) esa
nwljh vksiu vaMj&23 ,FkysfVDl
jtr ind thrkA
pSafi;uf'kiA
mUgksaus csaxyq# esa vk;ksftr bafM;u xzka çh&4] 2023 esa Hkkyk iQsad (47-03
ehVj) esa Lo.kZ ind Hkh thrkA

;g vkWdySaM] U;wthySaM esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
dkWeuosYFk ikWojfyfÝVax pSfEi;uf'ki
fcgkj ds iVuk dh lq/k dqekjh us 4 Lo.kZ vkSj 1 jtr ind thrkA
;g dukZVd ds mMqih esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
fcgkj ds ih;w"k jkt us fMdSFkykWu Li/kZ esa jtr ind thrkA
18 oha jk"Vªh; ;qok ,FkysfVDl MsdkFkykWu bosaV ,FkysfVDl ds nl fo"k;ksa dk ,d la;kstu gS ftlesa 100]
pSfEi;uf'ki] 2023A 400 vkSj 1500 ehVj nkSM+] yach dwn] Åaph dwn] ck/k nkSM+] fMLdl Fkzks]
'kkWV iqV] Hkkyk Fkzks vkSj iksy okWYV 'kkfey gSaA
fcgkj ds luh jkt us fVªiy tai esa ¶dkaL; ind¸ thrkA
36 oha jk"Vªh; lc&twfu;j rkbDokaMks ;g dVd] vksfM'kk esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
pSfEi;uf'ki] 2023A fcgkj% 8 ind ¹3 Lo.kZ] 2 jtr vkSj 2 dkaL; indº
;g rfeyukMq ds ukxjdksby esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA

twfu;j us'kuy osVfyfÝVax
fcgkj ds xqy'ku dqekj us 67 fdyksxzke oxZ esa Lo.kZ ind thrkA
pSafi;uf'ki] 2023
fcgkj dh •q'kh dqekjh us 55 fdyksxzke oxZ esa Lo.kZ ind thrkA
34 oha iQsMjs'ku di us'kuy gSaMckWy ;g gfj;k.kk ds >Ttj esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
pSafi;uf'ki fcgkj dh efgyk Vhe us dkaL; ind thrkA
•syks bafM;k jk"Vªh; efgyk ;g fcgkj ds ikVfyiq=k LiksV~lZ dkWEIysDl esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
HkkjksÙkksyu pSfEi;uf'ki] 2023A 55 fdyksxzke oxZ esa iVuk dh •q'kh us Lo.kZ ind thrkA
;g xqtjkr ds Ng 'kgjksa esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
lsok,¡ ind rkfydk esa 'kh"kZ ij jghaA
fcgkj 31 osa LFkku ij FkkA

36 osa jk"Vªh; •sy] 2022
jXch 7 çfr;ksfxrk vkSj usVckWy esa nks dkaL; indA
çnhi dqekj ¹fcgkj vksyafid ,lksfl,'ku ds vè;{kº fcgkj ny ds
¶'ksiQ&Mh&fe'ku¸ FksA
27 uoacj&4 fnlacj] 2022 rd U;wthySaM esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
lc twfu;j dkWeuosYFk pSafi;uf'ki]
fcgkj dh f•ykM+h Ñfr jkt flag us lc twfu;j dkWeuosYFk pSafi;uf'ki 2022
2022
dh osVfyfÝVax Li/kZ esa Ng Lo.kZ ind thrs gSaA
jk"VªeaMy •sy] 2022 fcgkj ds eqaxsj ftys ds panu dqekj flag us ¶ykWu ckmYl¸ esa jtr ind thrkA
eysf'k;k ds ySaxdkoh esa 8oha fo'o dSje pSafi;uf'ki esa jf'e dqekjh lcls
8 oha fo'o dSje pSfEi;uf'ki]
fot;h jgha] mUgksaus rhu f•rkc thrsA
2022
mUgksaus ,dy] ;qxy vkSj Vhe f•rkc thrsA
BWF iSjk cSMfeaVu fo'o ;g VksD;ks] tkiku esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
pSfEi;uf'ki 2022 fcgkj ds çeksn Hkxr vkSj euh"kk jkenkl us Hkkjr ds fy, Lo.kZ ind thrkA
fcgkj ds dSewj ftys ds uhjt dqekj us 25 fnlacj ls 29 fnlacj] 2022 rd

lhfu;j jk"Vªh; dq'rh pSfEi;uf'ki]
jksgrd esa vk;ksftr xzka çh lhfu;j us'kuy jslfyax esa xzhdks jkseu 'kSyh esa
2022
dkaL; ind thrkA

WALLAH
jk"Vªh; djkVs pSfEi;uf'ki] 2022 fcgkj ds tkfcj valkjh us ¶Lo.kZ ind¸ thrkA
24 oka xzh"edkyhu cf/j vksyafid] ;g czkthy esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
2021 oS'kkyh ftys ds fjfrd vkuan us cSMfeaVu esa ¶Lo.kZ ind¸ thrkA
;g tkiku esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
VksD;ks iSjkfyafid fcgkj ds 'kjn dqekj (Åaph dwn% dkaL;) vkSj çeksn Hkxr (cSMfeaVu% Lo.kZ)
us ind thrsA
;g gfj;k.kk esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
ind rkfydk esa gfj;k.kk 'kh"kZ ij jgkA
pkSFkk •syks bafM;k ;wFk xsEl] 2021 ind rkfydk esa fcgkj dk LFkku% 28 oka ¹nks indº
Hkksyk flag us osVfyfÝVax esa xksYM esMy thrkA
dq'rh esa 'kqHke dqekj us dkaL; ind thrkA
vfrfjÙkQ% •sy lekpkj z fcgkj jkT; ljdkj us gky gh esa ¶varjkZ"Vªh; •sy çfr;ksfxrk¸
z fcgkj dk igyk •sy fo'ofo|ky; ¹Hkkjr dk 8 okaº esa ind thrus ds fy, ¶ubZ iqjLdkj jkf'k¸ dh ?kks"k.kk dhA
fcgkj ds ukyank ftys ds jktxhj esa cusxkA vksyafid esa ¶Lo.kZ ind¸ thrus ij 2 djksM+ #i;s dh
z fØdsV% iqjLdkj jkf'k nh tk,xhA

fcgkj ds b'kku fd'ku us ckaXykns'k ds f•ykiQ vksyafid esa ¶jtr ind¸ thrus ij 1-5 djksM+ #i;s
,dfnolh; varjjk"Vªh; eSpksa esa lcls rst nksgjk 'krd dh iqjLdkj jkf'k nh tkrh gSA
cuk;k ¹fliQZ 126 xsanksa esa 200 juºA ,f'k;kbZ •syksa esa ¶Lo.kZ ind¸ thrus ij iqjLdkj jkf'k
lfpu rsanqydj] ohjsaæ lgokx vkSj jksfgr 'kekZ ds ds :i esa 1-5 djksM+ #i;s dh jkf'k nh tk,xhA
ckn ouMs esa nksgjk 'krd cukus okys pkSFks Hkkjrh; z 37 oha LVsV 'kwfVax pSafi;uf'ki fnYyh esa vk;ksftr dh xbZA
¹nqfu;k esa 7 osaº cu x,A xksikyxat ftys ds 'kf'k ikaMs us 10 ehVj ¶,;j fiLVy
fiNyk fjdkWMZ fØl xsy ds uke Fkk] ftUgksaus 2015 Li/kZ¸ esa Lo.kZ ind thrkA
fo'o di esa ftEckCos ds f•ykiQ 200 ju cukus ds z twfu;j us'kuy iQqVckWy pSfEi;uf'ki vle ds xqokgkVh esa
fy, 138 xsansa yh FkhaA vk;ksftr dh xbZ FkhA
fcgkj ds xksikyxat ftys ds eqds'k dqekj dks Hkkjrh; iQkbuy eqdkcys esa nknj ,oa uxj gosyh us fcgkj dks
fØdsV Vhe esa pquk x;k vkSj mUgsa fnYyh dSfiVy us 1&0 ls gjk;kA
5-5 djksM+ #i;s esa •jhnk HkhA
lqikSy ftys dh jkty{eh dk p;u lhfu;j efgyk fcgkj% thvkbZ VSx
Vh20 fØdsV VwukZesaV esa gqvk gSA z thvkbZ (HkkSxksfyd ladsr) VSx D;k gS\
teqbZ ds rkSiQhd ¹vaMj&16 fØdsVjº us fot; epZsaV
,d HkkSxksfyd ladsr (thvkbZ) mu mRiknksa ij mi;ksx
VªkWiQh esa •syrs gq, nksuksa ikfj;ksa esa 'krd cuk;kA fd;k tkus okyk ,d ladsr gS ftuds ikl ,d fof'k"V
fcgkj ds eksfrgkjh ds lkfdcqy xuh us j.kth VªkWiQh esa HkkSxksfyd ewy gS vkSj ml ewy ds dkj.k xq.k ;k çfr"Bk
vius inkiZ.k eSp esa frgjk 'krd cuk;k vkSj ,slk djus gksrh gSA
okys igys cYysckt cu x,A thvkbZ ds :i esa dk;Z djus ds fy,] ,d fpUg dks
mUgksaus fetksje ds f•ykiQ 405 xsanksa ij 341 ju fdlh mRikn dks fdlh fn, x, LFkku ij mRiUu gksus
cuk,A dh igpku djuh pkfg,A
z Hkkjrh; dq'rh Vhe ds dksp% oSf'od Lrj ij] ;g fo'o O;kikj laxBu ds ckSf¼d
leLrhiqj ftys ds 'kf'k Hkw"k.k çlkn dks Hkkjrh; dq'rh laink vf/dkjksa ds O;kikj&lacaf/r igyqvksa ij le>kSrs
Vhe dk dksp cuk;k x;k gSA ¹fVªIlº }kjk 'kkflr gksrk gSA

z HkkSxksfyd ladsr D;k vf/dkj çnku djrk gS\ z fdl çdkj ds mRiknksa ds fy, HkkSxksfyd ladsrksa dk
HkkSxksfyd ladsr vf/dkj mu yksxksa dks l{ke cukrk mi;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gS\
HkkSxksfyd ladsr vkerkSj ij Ñf"k mRiknksa] •k| inkFkks±]
gS ftuds ikl ladsr dk mi;ksx djus dk vf/dkj
gS rkfd os fdlh rhljs i{k }kjk blds mi;ksx dks okbu vkSj fLifjV is;] gLrf'kYi vkSj vkS|ksfxd mRiknksa
ds fy, mi;ksx fd, tkrs gSaA
jksd ldsa ftldk mRikn ykxw ekudksa ds vuq:i
z thvkbZ VSx ij vfrfjÙkQ rF;%
ugha gSA
Hkkjr esa] ;g oLrqvksa ds HkkSxksfyd ladsr ¹iathdj.k
gkyk¡fd] ,d lajf{kr HkkSxksfyd ladsr /kjd dks ml vkSj laj{k.kº vf/fu;e] 1999 ds vuqlkj fn;k tkrk
ladsr ds fy, ekudksa esa fu/kZfjr rduhdksa dk mi;ksx gSA
djds fdlh dks mRikn cukus ls jksdus esa l{ke ugha iathdj.k nl o"kks± ds fy, oS/ gS vkSj bls uohuhÑr
cukrk gSA fd;k tk ldrk gSA

HkkSxksfyd ladsr ds fy, lqj{kk vke rkSj ij ml ladsr thvkbZ jftLVªh ¶psUubZ¸ esa fLFkr gSA
ij vf/dkj çkIr djds çkIr dh tkrh gS tks ladsr nkftZfyax pk; ¶thvkbZ VSx¸ ikus okyk igyk mRikn
dk xBu djrk gSA FkkA
z thvkbZ VSx ds lkFk fcgkj ds Ñf"k mRikn%

thvkbZ VSx okys mRikn lEcaf/r rF;
tnkZyw vke Hkkxyiqj dh ,d vuks•h vke fdLe gSA
;g viuh gYdh ihyh Ropk vkSj fof'k"V fo'ks"k lqxa/ ds fy, tkuk tkrk gSA
,slk ekuk tkrk gS fd bl {ks=k esa lcls igys Hkkxyiqjh tnkZyw vke dh •srh
•M+xiqj ds egkjktk jger vyh •ku cgknqj us dh FkhA
drjuh pkoy bls 28 ekpZ] 2018 dks thvkbZ VSx feykA

drjuh pkoy fcgkj dk lcls çpfyr] vkSipkfjd vkSj csgrjhu xq.koÙkk okyk
lqxaf/r pkoy gSA

vius lqxaf/r Lokn] Lokfn"Vrk vkSj pqjk (ihVk gqvk pkoy) cukus ds xq.kksa
ds fy, çfl¼ gSA

Ñf"k foHkkx }kjk ifjHkkf"kr drjuh pkoy ds mRiknu dk HkkSxksfyd {ks=k eqaxsj]
ckadk vkSj nf{k.k Hkkxyiqj ds nf{k.kh tyks<+ xaxk eSnku esa 'kkfey gSA
exgh iku bls 28 ekpZ] 2018 dks thvkbZ VSx feykA
vkSjaxkckn] x;k] uoknk vkSj ukyank ds ex/ {ks=kksa esa mxkbZ tkrh gSA
bldk iku rh•k] de js'ksnkj vkSj eqag ds vanj vklkuh ls ?kqyu'khy gksrk gSA
;g vius Lo:i] pednkj xgjs gjs jax] fof'k"V Lokn vkSj mRÑ"V j•&j•ko
xq.koÙkk ds fy, tkuk tkrk gSA

WALLAH
tnkZyq vke] drjuh pkoy vkSj exgh iku ds ckn 2018 esa fcgkj ls thvkbZ
'kkgh yhph çek.ku çkIr djus okyk 'kkgh yhph pkSFkk Ñf"k mRikn FkkA
'kkgh yhph ds fy, thvkbZ iathdj.k eqtÝiQjiqj fLFkr fcgkj ds yhph mRiknd
la?k ds ikl gSA

'kkgh yhph mxkus ds fy, vuqdwy tyok;q gSA
phu ds ckn Hkkjr nqfu;k esa yhph (yhph fpu) dk nwljk lcls cM+k mRiknd gSA
yhph dk ikjHkklh] lqxaf/r ,fjy ;k •kus ;ksX; xwnk Hkkjr esa ,d Vscy iQy
ds :i esa yksdfç; gS] tcfd phu vkSj tkiku esa bls lw•s ;k fMCckcan :i
esa ilan fd;k tkrk gSA
yhph ds mRiknu ds ekeys esa fcgkj 'kh"kZ ij gSA
fefFkyk e•kuk vxLr 2022 esa] fefFkyk e•kuk dks dsaæ ljdkj }kjk thvkbZ VSx ls lEekfur
fd;k x;k FkkA
fefFkyk e•kuk dks fefFkyk esa LFkkuh; rkSj ij e•ku ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA
bldk okuLifrd uke ;wjh,y iQsjksDl lSfyLc gSA
tyh; iQkWDl uV dh bl fo'ks"k fdLe dh •srh fcgkj ds fefFkyk {ks=k vkSj
usiky ds vklikl ds {ks=kksa esa dh tkrh gSA

blesa eSXuhf'k;e] dSfY'k;e] iQkWLiQksjl vkSj vk;ju tSls fofHkUu lw{e iks"kd
rRo gksrs gSaA

bls vçSy] 2023 esa ¶thvkbZ VSx¸ ls lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA
fcgkj ds if'peh paikj.k ftys esa ikbZ tkus okyh pkoy dh ,d NksVh Lons'kh
ekpkZ pkoy fdLe gSA
vkdkj&çdkj ls bldk nkuk dkyh fepZ tSlk fn•kbZ nsrk gS blfy, bls ^fepkZ*
(fgUnh esa dkyh fepZ) ;k êkpkZ jkbl* ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA
bl pkoy ds nkuksa vkSj xqPNksa esa ,d vuks•h lqxa/ gksrh gS tks bls vyx
cukrh gSA
;g pkoy viuh lqxa/] Lokfn"Vrk vkSj lqxaf/r pwM+k (pkoy ds VqdM+s) cukus
ds xq.kksa ds fy, çfl¼ gSA

idk gqvk pkoy iwQyk gqvk] fpifpik ugha] ehBk vkSj ikWidkWuZ tSlh lqxa/ ds
lkFk vklkuh ls ipus ;ksX; gksrk gSA
z thvkbZ VSx ds lkFk fcgkj ds gLrf'kYi mRikn%

mRiknksa lEcaf/r rF;
flDdh ?kkl dk dke flDdh dks xhyh vkSj nynyh Hkwfe esa mxk;k tkrk gS] Vksdjh] cSx] Vksih]
dksLVj] nmnk] ekSuh] pkVk;h tSlh mi;ksxh oLrq,a cukus ds fy, lq•k;k vkSj
dkVk tkrk gSA
;g çkphu dyk mÙkjh fcgkj ds fefFkyk {ks=k esa efgykvksa }kjk çeq•rk ls
çpfyr gSA
bls 2007 esa thvkbZ VSx çkIr gqvkA

e/qcuh isafVax e/qcuh isafVax] ftls fefFkyk dyk Hkh dgk tkrk gS (D;ksafd ;g fcgkj ds
fefFkyk {ks=k esa iQyrh&iQwyrh gS)] pedhys jaxksa vkSj fojks/kHkklksa ;k iSVuZ ls
Hkjs js•k fp=kksa dh fo'ks"krk gSA
;s isafVax vius tutkrh; :ikaduksa vkSj pedhys feêðh ds jaxksa ds mi;ksx ds
dkj.k yksdfç; gSaA
;s isafVax dykdkjksa }kjk rS;kj •fut jatdksa ls cukbZ tkrh gSaA ;g dk;Z rktk
iyLrj vFkok feêðh dh nhokj ij fd;k tkrk gSA
bls 2007 esa ¶thvkbZ VSx¸ feykA
lqtkuh Hkkjr esa fcgkj ds Hkqlqjk xk¡o ls mRiUu d<+kbZ dk ,d :i gSA

lqtuh d<+kbZ
çkphu le; esa] uotkr f'k'kqvksa ds fy, ,d NksVh jtkbZ cukus ds fy,
vyx&vyx jax ds diM+ksa ds VqdM+ksa dks ,d lkFk fly fn;k tkrk Fkk vkSj
fiQj mUgsa fMtkbu ls <d fn;k tkrk FkkA
e/qcuh dh fefFkyk isafVax dh ^ppsjh cgu* ekuh tkus okyh ysfdu 'kk;n
if'pe caxky ds dkaBk ds djhc] lqtkuh csgn tfVy] ljy ysfdu vkd"kZd gSaA
bls 2006 esa ¶thvkbZ VSx¸ çkIr gqvkA
çÑfr ds lkj ls mRiUu js'ke dh csgrjhu cukoV vkSj ^lHkh diM+ksa dh jkuh* ds
Hkkxyiqj flYd
:i esa tkuk tkus okyk] Hkkxyiqjh flYd viuh vuwBh vkSj vkd"kZd yphykiu
vkSj csgrj xq.koÙkk ds fy, cgqr çfl¼ gSA
d'khnkdkjh dykÑfr ds bl lq#fpiw.kZ :i dks viuk uke] çflf¼ vkSj igpku
Hkkxyiqj dh feêðh ls feyh] ftls yksdfç; :i ls ^js'ke 'kgj* ds :i esa Hkh
tkuk tkrk gSA
bls 2013 esa ¶thvkbZ VSx¸ feykA
•Vok] ,d fiiyh dk dke tks fcgkj esa mRiUu gqvk Fkk] LFkkuh; :i ls
,fIyd •Vok odZ ltkoVh racw] Nrfj;ka] nhokj gSaMxu vkSj ?kjsyw lkeku cukus ds fy, mi;ksx
fd;k tkrk FkkA
•Vok diM+s dk mi;ksx djds diM+s ij fMtkbu vkSj dFkk,¡ cukus dh ,d
dyk gSA 'kh"kZ diM+s dks vf}rh; fMtkbu esa dkVk tkrk gS vkSj ,d eghu
gsefLVp dk mi;ksx djds vk/kj diM+s ij j•k tkrk gSA
dk;Z'kkyk esa •Vok dk;Z ds fy, vk/kj diM+k vf/drj fyusu gSA jax iSysV
isLVy vkSj feêðh tSlk gSA
2016 esa ¶thvkbZ VSx¸ çkIr gqvkA

WALLAH
z thVh VSx ds lkFk fcgkj dh •k| lkexzh z fcgkj ds mRikn ftuds fy, vDlj thvkbZ VSx ekaxk
mRiknksa lEcaf/r rF; tkrk gS%
thvkbZ VSx dh ekax¸ dks ysdj •cjksa esa jgrs gSaA
mRikn lac¼ {ks=k
ckou cwVh lkM+h ukyUnk
iRFkjdêðh iRFkj f'kYi x;k

psUubZ esa HkkSxksfyd ladsrd jftLVªh
flykvks •ktk us 2018 esa fcgkj ds ukyank ftys dsys dh fpfu;k fdLe gkthiqj] oS'kkyh-
ds ikjaifjd O;atu flyko •ktk dks
•qjek Hkkstiqj dk mnoaruxj-
thvkbZ VSx fn;kA
•ktk ,d cgqLrjh;] dqjdqjh feBkbZ ckyw'kkgh lhrke<+h
vkSj ikjaifjd fcgkjh feBkbZ gSA
vki ftu lHkh LFkkuksa ls •ktk çkIr
frydqV x;k
dj ldrs gSa] muesa fcgkj ds ukyank
cjfg;k jlxqYyk y•hljk;
ftys dk ,d 'kgj flyko çeq• gSA
fcgkj% iqjLdkj vkSj lEeku

o"kZ dk /kfeZd i;ZVu xarO; fcgkj dks csaxyq# esa vk;ksftr bafM;k baVjus'kuy VªSoy ekVZ 2023 esa fjfyft;l

iqjLdkj VwfjTe MsfLVus'ku vkWiQ n bZ;j vokMZ feyk gSA

Hkkjr ds jk"Vªifr us 18 tqykbZ 2023 dks Hkwfe vfHkys•ksa ds fMftVyhdj.k esa
ç;klksa ds fy, ukS jkT;ksa ds 68 ftyksa dks Hkwfe lEeku iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;kA
68 ftyksa esa ls fcgkj ds ikap ftyksa dks ;g iqjLdkj feykA
Hkkstiqj
Hkwfe lEeku iqjLdkj] 2023
tgkukckn
ukyUnk
fd'kuxat
y•hljk;
19 tqykbZ] 2023 dks fcgkj ljdkj us 2020 vkSj 2021 ds fy, ¶jktHkk"kk
iqjLdkj¸ dh ?kks"k.kk dhA

iqjLdkjksa ds fy, dqy 24 lkfgR;dkjksa dk p;u fd;k x;k gSA
2020&21 iqjLdkj%
MkW- jktsaæ çlkn f'k•j lEeku ¹#- 3 yk•º% fo'oukFk çlkn frokjhA
jkT; Hkk"kk lEeku ¹2021&22 ,oa
MkW- chvkj vacsMdj iqjLdkj ¹2-5 yk• #i;sº% MkW- v'kksd dqekjA
2020&21º
tuuk;d diZwjh Bkdqj iqjLdkj ¹2 yk• #i;sº% e`.kky ikaMsA
chih eaMy iqjLdkj ¹2 yk• #i;sº% lq'khyk VkdHkjsA
ukxktZqu iqjLdkj ¹2 yk• #i;sº% lR;ukjk;.kA
jke/kjh flag fnudj iqjLdkj ¹2 yk• #i;sº% jkeJs"B nhokuA
iQ.kh'ojukFk js.kq iqjLdkj ¹2 yk• #i;sº% çksiQslj tkfcj gqlSuA

egknsoh oekZ iqjLdkj ¹50]000 #i;sº% MkW- iwue flagA
ckcw xaxk lju flag iqjLdkj ¹50]000 #i;sº% MkW- ds catkA
fo|kdj dfo iqjLdkj ¹#- 50]000º% nf{k.k Hkkjr fganh çpkj lHkkA
fo|kifr iqjLdkj ¹50]000 #i;sº% xhrk JhA
eksgu yky egrks fo;ksxh iqjLdkj ¹50]000 #i;sº% MkW- jkds'k dqekj flag jfoA
fHk•kjh Bkdqj iqjLdkj ¹50]000 #i;sº% Hkxorh çlkn f}osnhA
MkW- fxz;lZu iqjLdkj ¹50]000 #i;sº% MkW- Nk;k flUgkA
MkW- iQknj dkfey cqYds iqjLdkj ¹50]000 #i;sº% vuar fot;A
2021&22 iqjLdkj%
MkW- jktsaæ çlkn f'k•j lEeku% e/qlwnu vkuanA
MkW- chvkj vacsMdj iqjLdkj% cyjkeA
tuuk;d diZwjh Bkdqj iqjLdkj% MkW- paæ f'k•kA
chih eaMy iqjLdkj% lq'khyk MkW- bj'kkn dkfeyA
ukxktZqu iqjLdkj% Hkksyk iafMr ç.k;hA
jke/kjh flag fnudj iqjLdkj% vfu#¼ flUgkA
iQ.kh'ojukFk js.kq iqjLdkj% MkW- 'kkgukt iQkreh
egknsoh oekZ iqjLdkj% MkW- Hkkouk
ckcw xaxk 'kj.k flag iqjLdkj% xq#ehr flag-
iÁ iqjLdkj fcgkj ds rhu yksxksa dks o"kZ 2023 ds fy, ¶iÁJh¸ feykA
uke lEcaf/r rF;
vkuan dqekj f'k{kk ,oa lkfgR;A
og iVuk esa ¶lqij 30¸ ds laLFkkid gSaA
lqHkæk nsoh og e/qcuh dh jgus okyh gSa vkSj mUgsa dyk Js.kh esa
lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA

e/qcuh isafVax ds fy, tkuk tkrk gSA
og fefFkyk dyk fodkl lfefr dh laj{kd gSaA
dfiynso çlkn flag dyk oxZA
og ukyUnk ftys dk jgus okyk gSA
mUgksaus lkfM+;ksa] pknjksa vkfn ij ¶ckou cwVh¸ (52
:ikadu) cquus dh ckS¼ dyk dks yksdfç; cuk;kA

lky 2022 ds fy, fcgkj ds nks yksxksa dks ¶iÁJh¸ feykA
uke lEcaf/r rF;
vkpk;Z panukth lkekftd dk;ZA
og jktxhj esa ohjk;ru dh laLFkkid gSaA
'kScky xqIrk mUgsa lkfgR; vkSj f'k{kk Js.kh esa ej.kksijkar lEekfur
fd;k x;kA
,d ç[;kr vFkZ'kkL=kh ftUgksaus iVuk esa ADRI dh
LFkkiuk esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA

WALLAH
22 twu] 2023 dks Hkkjr ds jk"Vªifr us ns'k ds 30 uflZax is'ksojksa dks 2022
vkSj 2023 ds fy, ;g iqjLdkj çnku fd;kA
;g iqjLdkj 1973 esa LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kky; }kjk LFkkfir fd;k
Ýyksjsal ukbfVaxsy iqjLdkj
x;k FkkA
fcgkj dh ,,u,e xk;=kh dqekjh ¹mi LokLF; dsaæ] xcbZ xkao] 'ks•iqjk ftykº
dks 2023 dk ;g iqjLdkj feykA

23 iQjojh] 2023 dks Hkkjr ds jk"Vªifr us o"kZ 2019] 2020 vkSj 2021 ds fy,
laxhr ukVd vdkneh iqjLdkj çnku fd,A
u`R;] laxhr] jaxeap] ikjaifjd yksd vkSj dBiqryh tSlh fofHkUu Jsf.k;ksa ds dqy
128 dykdkjksa dks vdkneh iqjLdkj çkIr gq,A

2021 ds fy, iqjLdkj ikus okys fcgkj ds dykdkj gSa%
dqeqn nhoku ¹Bqejh xk;dºA
laxhr ukVd vdkneh iqjLdkj uhys'oj feJk ¹vfHkusrkºA
fefFkys'k jk; ¹jaxeap funZs'kdº
jatuk >k ¹yksd xkf;dkº
âf"kds'k lqyHk ¹ys•d vkSj ukVddkjºA
çse dqekj efYyd ¹fgUnqLrkuh Loj&èkzqin xk;dº&njHkaxk ?kjkukA
eSfFkyh Hkk"kk
vthr vktkn dks mudh iqLrd ¶vFkZ bu isu Mªkbo¸ ds fy, iqjLdkj feykA
lkfgR; vdkneh iqjLdkj] 2022
fgUnh Hkk"kk
cæh ukjk;.k dks muds dfork laxzg ¶rqeM+h ds 'kCn¸ ds fy, iqjLdkj feykA
o"kZ 2023 ds fy,%

eSfFkyh Hkk"kk% e/qcuh ftys ds v{k; vkuan lUuh dks mudh dfork ¶vksy
drjk >ksy drjk¸ ds fy, ;g iqjLdkj feykA

lkfgR; vdkneh cky lkfgR; o"kZ 2022 ds fy,%
iqjLdkj mnZw% lhoku ftys ds tiQj dekyh us dfork laxzg ¶gkSlyks dh mM+ku¸ ds
fy, iqjLdkj thrkA

eSfFkyh% e/qcuh ftys ds MkW ohjsaæ >k us dgkuh laxzg ¶mM+u Nw¸ ds fy,
iqjLdkj thrkA
eSfFkyh Hkk"kk%
lkfgR; vdkneh vuqokn iqjLdkj]
MkW- jRus'oj feJ us vaxzsth miU;kl ¶vktknh¸ dk eSfFkyh esa vuqokn ds
2022
fy, iqjLdkj thrkA
eSfFkyh Hkk"kk%
lkfgR; vdkneh ;qok iqjLdkj]
uoÑ".k ,sfgd ¹tUe dk uke% :is'k dqekj >kº us vius O;aX; laxzg]
2022
¶•qjpuHkSd dNePNh¸ ds fy, ;g iqjLdkj thrkA

laxhr ukVd vdkneh dh vksj ls 2021 dk ;g iqjLdkj fcgkj ds e/qcuh ftys
dh eSfFkyh Bkdqj dks feyk gSA
mLrkn fcfLeYykg •ku ;qok
fcgkj ds yksd laxhr esa muds ;ksxnku ds fy, lEekfur fd;k x;kA
iqjLdkj
og fcgkj i;ZVu] fcgkj •knh vkSj gLrf'kYi dh czkaM ,acslMj gSa vkSj Hkkjr
ds pquko vk;ksx }kjk mUgsa fcgkj ds fy, jkT; vkbdu ukfer fd;k x;k gSA
2022 esa ns'kHkj ls dqy 46 f'k{kdksa dks çfrf"Br jk"Vªh; f'k{kd iqjLdkj ds
fy, pquk x;k FkkA

fcgkj ds nks f'k{kdksa dks ;g iqjLdkj feykA
jk"Vªh; f'k{kk iqjLdkj] 2022
fuf'k dqekjh ¹egknso mPprj ekè;fed fo|ky;] •ql:iqj] iVukºA
lkSjo lqeu ¹yfyr ukjk;.k y{eh ukjk;.k çkstsDV xYlZ Ldwy] f=kos.khxat]
lqikSyºA
oSf'od lkfgR; f'k{kd iqjLdkj] e/qcuh ftys ds fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds çksiQslj] ¶v#.k dqekj >k¸ us ;g
2022 çfrf"Br iqjLdkj thrkA

çfl¼ ukVddkj vkSj ys•d jkts'k dqekj us vius ukVd ¶fu'kCn¸ ds fy,
eksgu jkds'k lEeku iqjLdkj
;g iqjLdkj thrkA
lkfgR; vdkneh Hkk"kk lEeku] ¶MkW mn; ukFk >k¸ dks iqjLÑr fd;k x;kA
2022
¶LoPN lqty 'kfÙkQ lEeku 2023¸] xzkeh.k ty vkSj LoPNrk {ks=k dh
efgyk pSafi;uksa dks lEekfur djus ds fy, ty 'kfÙkQ ea=kky; }kjk vk;ksftr
LoPN lqty 'kfÙkQ lEeku 2023 fd;k x;kA
4 ekpZ] 2023 dks Hkkjr ds jk"Vªifr }kjk çLrqr fd;k x;k FkkA
eqtÝiQjiqj ftys dh cchrk xqIrk dks ;g lEeku feykA
o"kZ 2022 ds fy,%
csfr;k ¹if'pe paikj.k ftys ds eq[;ky;º ds /hjt dqekj dks mudh
ç/kuea=kh jk"Vªh; cky iqjLdkj cgknqjh ds fy, ;g iqjLdkj feykA

Nijk ¹lkj.k ftyk eq[;ky;º dh iky lk{kh dks lekt lsok ds fy, ;g
iqjLdkj feykA
vkSjaxkckn ftys ds fouhr dqekj us ;g iqjLdkj thrk gSA
LoPNrk lkjFkh iqjLdkj 2022 mUgsa IykfLVd dpjs dks isVªksy esa cnyus dh rduhd ds fy, ;g iqjLdkj
fn;k x;kA
x;k uxj fuxe ds es;j vkSj fMIVh es;j dks jktuhfr vkSj lekt lsok esa muds
usYlu eaMsyk ukscsy 'kkafr iqjLdkj ;ksxnku ds fy, ;g iqjLdkj feykA

2022 es;j% ohjsaæ dqekjA
miegkikSj% v•kSjh vksadkj ukFkA
tudfo ukxktZqu Le`fr lEeku ;g iqjLdkj çfl¼ eSfFkyh dfo vkSj ys•d MkW- rkjkuan fo;ksxh dks feykA
2022
Lo.kZ 'kfÙkQ lqj{kk iqjLdkj] 2022 ,uVhihlh] dgyxkao ¹Hkkxyiqjº us ;g iqjLdkj thrkA
2023 gSulsu usr`Ro dk;ZØe xkSre dqekj
eq[;ea=kh xzkeh.k is;ty fu'p; ;kstuk ds csgrj fØ;kUo;u ds fy, fcgkj ds

Ldksp xksYM vokMZ
iapk;rh jkt foHkkx dks ;g iqjLdkj feyk gS-
fou; dqekj 'kekZ ¹x;k ds uhepd cFkkuh ds ,lMhihvksº
jk"Vªifr dk fof'k"V lsok ind
fou; Ñ".k ¹vkbZth] vkfFkZd vijk/ bdkbZº

WALLAH
fcgkj ds çeaMy ,oa ftys
ifjp;
ç'kklfud lqfo/k ds fy, fcgkj jkT; dks 9 ç'kklfud çHkkxksa vkSj 38 ftyksa esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gSA
{ks=kokj% frjgqr] iVuk] ex/] iwf.kZ;k] eqaxsj] njHkaxk] lkj.k] dkslh] HkkxyiqjA
tula[;k ds vuqlkj% frjgqr] iVuk] njHkaxk] ex/] iwf.kZ;k] lkj.k] eqaxsj] dkslh] HkkxyiqjA
lacaf/r ftyksa lfgr ukS eaMyksa dk foLr`r fooj.k bl çdkj gS%
foHkktu laHkkxh; eq[;ky; laHkkx ds ftys foHkktu laHkkxh; eq[;ky; laHkkx ds ftys
1- iVuk 1- eqaxsj
2- ukyUnk 2- teqbZ
3- Hkkstiqj
iVuk iVuk 3- •xfj;k
4- jksgrkl eqaxsj eqaxsj
5- cDlj 4- y•hljk;
6- oSQewj 5- csxwljk;
1- if'peh paikj.k 6- 'ks•iqjk
2- iwohZ paikj.k 1- vkSjaxkckn
3- eqtÝiQjiqj 2- x;k
frjgqr eqtÝiQjiqj 4- lhrke<+h ex/ x;k 3- uoknk
5- f'kogj 4- vjoy
6- oS'kkyh 5- tgkukckn

foHkktu laHkkxh; eq[;ky; laHkkx ds ftys foHkktu laHkkxh; eq[;ky; laHkkx ds ftys
1- iwf.kZ;k 1- lg"kkZ
2- vjfj;k dkslh lg"kkZ 2- e/siqjk
iwf.kZ;k iwf.kZ;k 3- lqikSy
3- dfVgkj
4- fd'kuxat 1- lkj.k
lkj.k Nijk 2- xksikyxat
1- njHkaxk 3- floku
njHkaxk njHkaxk 2- leLrhi] mj 1- Hkkxyiqj
Hkkxyiqj Hkkxyiqj
3- e/qcuh 2- ckadk
iVuk çeaMy
ifjp;
iVuk çeaMy esa Ng ftys 'kkfey gSa] vFkkZr~ iVuk] ukyank] Hkkstiqj] cDlj] jksgrkl vkSj dSewjA
bl eaMy dk ç'kklfud eq[;ky; iVuk esa gSA
z ftys% fLFkj rF; vkSj lelkef;d lekpkj%
ftyksa LFkSfrd rF; vkSj lelkef;d lekpkj

LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% iVuk ¹;g çeaMyh; eq[;ky; Hkh gSº
mi&foHkktu% iVuk lnj] iVuk flVh] nkukI;wj] ck<+] ikyhxat vkSj elqf/A
;g fcgkj jkT; dh jkt/kuh vkSj iVuk mPp U;k;ky; dh lhV gSA
iVuk xaxk unh ds nf{k.kh rV ij fLFkr gSA
çkphu uke% ikVfyiq=k] dqlqeiqj] ikVfyxzke] vthekcknA
mnf;u us viuh jkt/kuh jktxhj ls ikVfyiq=k LFkkukarfjr dj nhA
2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj] iVuk lcls cM+k 'kgj gksus ds lkFk&lkFk bldh tula[;k Hkh lcls vf/d gSA
1913 esa Liksuj] vYVsdj vkSj feJk }kjk dqezgkj esa ekS;Z mR•uu esa ¶80 LraHkksa okyk gkWy¸ feykA

WALLAH
rhljh ckS¼ laxhfr ;gk¡ bZlk iwoZ 250 esa lezkV v'kksd ds 'kkludky esa gqbZ FkhA bldh vè;{krk eksxyhiqÙk
frLl us dh Fkh vkSj vcf//Ee fiVd dk ladyu blh ifj"kn esa fd;k x;k FkkA
igyh tSu ifj"kn LFkqykckgq ds rgr ikVfyiq=k esa vk;ksftr dh xbZ Fkh tgka tSu /eZ ikB ¶12 vax¸ ds ladyu
ds lkFk tSu /eZ dks fnxacj vkSj 'ksorkacj esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k FkkA
1620% bafXy'k bZLV bafM;k daiuh us iVuk ds vkyexat esa viuk dkj•kuk LFkkfir fd;kA
1632% iVuk esa Mp iQSDVªh dh LFkkiukA
1774&75% usikyh dksBh] iVuk esa MsUl iQSDVªhA
3 tqykbZ 1857 dks ihj vyh (,d iqLrd foØsrk) }kjk iVuk foæksgA
16 vçSy 1930 dks iVuk esa ued lR;kxzg çkjEHk gqvkA
10 osa fl• xq#] xq# xksfcan flag th (tUe 1666) dk tUeLFkku gSA
iVuk lkfgc ds xq#}kjs dk fuekZ.k egkjktk j.kthr flag us djok;k FkkA
r[r Jh iVuk lkfgc fl• /eZ ds ikap r[rksa esa ls ,d gSA
iVuk esa xksy?kj dks tkWu xkfLVZu }kjk fMtkbu fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj bls 1786 ds vdky ds nkSjku bZvkbZlh ds
fy, ,d vUu HkaMkj ds fy, cuk;k x;k FkkA

jk"Vªh; tyekxZ&1 ¹1620 fdehº] bykgkckn ls gfYn;k rd dk lcls yack tyekxZ okjk.klh]
iVuk] eqaxsj vkSj Hkkxyiqj ls gksdj xqtjrk gSA

iVuk gokbZ vM~Ms dk uke lektoknh usrk t; izdk'k ukjk;.k ds uke ij j[kk x;k gSA
iRFkj dh efLtn% bldk fuekZ.k 1621 esa ijost'kkg (tgk¡xhj ds iq=k) us djok;k FkkA
1863 esa LFkkfir iVuk dkWyst fcgkj esa mPp f'k{kk dk lcls iqjkuk laLFkku ekuk tkrk gSA
lat; xka/h ckWVfudy xkMZu iVuk esa fLFkr gSA
iVuk laxzgky; dh LFkkiuk 1917 esa gqbZ FkhA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% I;kt@csdjh mRikn
mÙkj Hkkjr dh igyh ck;ks &Mhty fjiQkbujh iVuk esa 'kq: dh tk,xhA
ek¡ CyM cSad% fcgkj dk igyk xSj&O;kolkf;d CyM cSadA
Hkkjr ds igys i'kq foKku fo'ofo|ky; dh vk/kjf'kyk iVuk esa j•h xbZA
fcgkj dk nwljk Mcy Msdj iqy iVuk esa ¹igyk Nijk] lkj.k esaºA
fcgkj dk igyk eYVh&ekWMy ykWftfLVd ikdZ fcgVk] iVuk esaA
igyk iQk;j fczxsM çf'k{k.k laLFkku fcgVk] iVuk esaA
fcgkj dk igyk ekWMy ¶tSfod •srh çf'k{k.k dsaæ¸ iVuk ds iQrqgk esaA
iVuk esa ,ihts vCnqy dyke lkbal flVh vkSj ckiw Vkoj ¹120 iQhV Åapkº dh LFkkiuk dh tk jgh gSA
Hkkjr dk igyk •knh ekWy iVuk esaA
th&20 dh cSBd 22&23 twu 2023 dks iVuk esa gqbZA
¶xkek¸ LFkyh; fofdj.k dks fjdkWMZ djus ds fy,] iVuk esa fofdj.k fuxjkuh LFkkfir dh xbZ gSA
iVuk esa ekr`Ro ns•Hkky ds fy, dkS'ky lao/Zu dsaæ 'kq: fd;k x;kA

LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% fcgkj'kjhiQ
vuqe.My% fcgkj'kjhiQ] fgylk ,oa jktxhjA
bls 1976 esa iVuk ls vyx djds ,d vyx ftyk cuk;k x;k FkkA
jktx`g ¹fxfjoztº ex/ lkezkT; dh igyh jkt/kuh FkhA
oha 'krkCnh esa dqekjxqIr çFke }kjk fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj 1193 bZ- esa cf[r;kj f•yth }kjk bls u"V dj fn;k
x;k FkkA bls 2016 esa ;wusLdks WHS ds :i esa ukfer fd;k x;k FkkA
;gha ij fo'o 'kkafr Lrwi fLFkr gSA
ukyUnk iar oU; çkf.k vH;kj.; ukyUnk esa fLFkr gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% vkyw
ukyank Ms;jh CAS ¹vuq:irk ewY;kadu ;kstukº fpÉ çkIr djus okyh Hkkjr dh igyh Ms;jh cu xbZA
jktxhj ds ¶uhek xkao¸ esa fiQYe flVh dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk jgk gSA
jktxhj uspj liQkjh] tw liQkjh vkSj jksios ds fy, ppkZ esa FkkA
Hkkjr dk nwljk vkSj fcgkj dk igyk Xykl fczt jktxhj esa pkyw fd;k x;kA
jktxhj esa ¶varjkZ"Vªh; vk;qoZsn laLFkku¸ dh vk/kjf'kyk j•h xbZA
igyk ¶LiksV~lZ ;wfuoflZVh¸ jktxhj esa cusxkA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% vkjk
vuqe.My% Hkkstiqj]txnh'kiqj ,oa ihjksA
igys] ;g 'kkgckn ftys dk fgLlk Fkk] tks 1972 esa Hkkstiqj ftys ds :i esa vfLrRo esa vk;kA
bldk uke çekj jktk ¶Hkkst¸ ds uke ij j•k x;k gSA
ohj dqaoj flag blh ftys ds txnh'kiqj ds jgus okys FksA
lafo/ku lHkk ds varfje vè;{k lfPpnkuan flUgk (9 fnlacj 1946) Hkh blh ftys ls FksA
Hkkstiqj
txthou jke vkSj ehjk dqekj ¹yksdlHkk dh igyh efgyk vè;{k% 2009&14º bl ftys ds mYys•uh;
yksx gSaA
Hkkstiqj ftys dk fcfg;k IykfLVd m|ksx ds fy, çfl¼ gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% eVj@Hkkjrh; ikjaifjd feBkbZ fe"BkUu (•qjek@csyxzkeh)
15 ekpZ 2021 dks Hkkstiqj ftys ls dh xbZ FkhA
iQjojh ls 1 ekpZ] 2023 rd Hkkstiqj esa cktjk egksRlo dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA
165 ok¡ fot;ksRlo euk;k x;kA

WALLAH
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% cDlj
vuqe.My %cDlj ,oa MqejkSuA
bls 1991 esa Hkkstiqj ftys ls vyx dj ,d vyx ftyk cuk;k x;k FkkA
xaxk unh ftys dh mÙkjh lhek cukrh gSA
djeuklk unh pkSlk ds ikl xaxk ls feyrh gSA
pkSlk ,d egRoiw.kZ LFkku gS tgka 26 twu] 1539 dks gqek;wa vkSj 'ksj'kkg lwjh ds chp pkSlk dh yM+kbZ yM+h
xbZ FkhA
cDlj cDlj dh yM+kbZ 22 vDVwcj 1764 dks gsDVj equjks ds usr`Ro okyh bZLV bafM;k daiuh vkSj ehj dkfle ¹caxky
ds uokcº] 'kqtkmnkSyk ¹vo/ ds uokcº vkSj 'kkg vkye f}rh; ¹eqxy lezkVº dh la;qÙkQ lsuk ds chp
yM+h xbZ FkhA
fcfLeYykg •ku ¹'kgukbZº cDlj ds FksA
vfgjkSyh ¶nsoh vfgY;k ds eafnj¸ ds fy, çfl¼ gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% esaFkk@Hkkjrh; ikjaifjd feBkbZ (crhlk@ikiM+h)
Mqejksvka (cDlj) esa uhyxk; vuqla/ku dsaæ dh LFkkiuk dh tk;sxhA
Hkkjr dk pkoy dk igyk lkbyks&xksnke cDlj vkSj dSewj esa cusxkA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% lklkjke
vuqe.My% lklkjke] foØexat ,oa Msgjh
1972 esa] 'kkgckn ftys dks Hkkstiqj vkSj jksgrkl esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k FkkA
'ksj'kkg lwjh dk edcjk ¹baMks&bLykfed vkfdZVsDpjº lklkjke esa fLFkr gSA 13 ebZ] 1545 dks dkfyatj ds
fdys esa ck:n foLiQksV esa mudh e`R;q gks xbZA
2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj] jksgrkl esa fcgkj esa lcls vf/d lk{kjrk gSA
jksgrkl jksgrkl iBkj vksjksvu ;k dq#• tutkfr;ksa dk ?kj gSA
bls ¶fcgkj dk /ku dk dVksjk¸ dgk tkrk gSA
Msgjh&vkWu&lksu dks;yk fMiks ds fy, çfl¼ gSA
jksgrkl esa Mkyfe;kuxj ,d vkS|ksfxd 'kgj gS] tks lhesaV ds fy, çfl¼ gSA
ea>j dqaM vkSj /qvk dqaM bl ftys ds egRoiw.kZ >jus gSaA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% VekVj@pkoy vk/kfjr mRikn (iksgk@eqjeqjk)
ijkyh çca/u ds fy, jksgrkl dks feyk ¶bdks&,xzhdYpj vokWMZ¸A

LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% HkHkqvk
vuqeaMy% HkHkqvk ,oa eksgfu;kA
bls 1991 esa jksgrkl ftys ls vyx djds HkHkqvk uke fn;k x;k vkSj 1994 esa bldk uke cnydj dSewj dj
fn;k x;kA
dSewj oU;tho vHk;kj.; ;gha fLFkr gSA
fcgkj dk nwljk Vkbxj fjtoZ blh ftys esa cusxkA
dSewj bl ftys esa ckYFkj feêðh ikbZ tkrh gS] tks Tokj] cktjk vkSj vjgj dh •srh ds fy, mi;qÙkQ gSA
djdV vkSj rsygj bl ftys ds egRoiw.kZ >jus gSaA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% ve:n@pkoy vk/kfjr mRikn (iksgk@eqjeqjk)A
Hkkjrh; ou fLFkfr fjiksVZ] 2021 ds vuqlkj] ;g {ks=k&okj vkSj çfr'kr&okj ds lkFk&lkFk •qys ou vkoj.k esa
lexz ou {ks=k esa 'kh"kZ LFkku ij gSA
dSewj ds djdVx<+ tyçikr dks bdks VwfjTe LikWV ds :i esa fodflr fd;k tk;sxkA
frjgqr çeaMy
ifjp;
frjgqr çeaMy Hkkjr esa fcgkj dh ,d ç'kklfud bdkbZ gSA bl eaMy dk eq[;ky; eqtÝiQjiqj gSA
frjgqr dfe'ujh dk eq[;ky; eqtÝiQjiqj ftyk] ^yhph dh Hkwfe* 1908 esa cuk;k x;k FkkA
frjgqr fMohtu dk ç'kklfud çeq• ,d vk;qÙkQ gksrk gS] tks Hkkjrh; ç'kklfud lsok (IAS) dk ,d ofj"B vf/dkjh
gksrk gSA

WALLAH
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% csfr;k
mi&çHkkx% csfr;k] cxgk vkSj ujdfV;kxatA
okfYedh jk"Vªh; m|ku] Vkbxj fjtoZ vkSj mn;iqj oU;tho vHk;kj.; ;gk¡ fLFkr gSaA
{ks=kiQy ds vk/kj ij ;g fcgkj dk lcls cM+k ftyk gS] nwljs LFkku ij x;k gSA
ykSfj;k uanux<+ vkSj jkeiqjok ls ekS;Z LraHk f'kykys• dh •kst dh xbZ FkhA
ftys dk cànkou 1937 esa vf•y Hkkjrh; xka/h lsok la?k dk LFky FkkA
ihMeksaV feêðh bl ftys ds mÙkj if'pe Hkkx esa ikbZ tkrh gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% xUuk vk/kfjr mRiknA
if'peh paikj.k Hkkjrh; jkT; ou fjiksVZ] 2021 ds vuqlkj] ;g cgqr ?kus ou {ks=k vkSj eè;e ?kus ou {ks=k
ds ekeys esa 'kh"kZ LFkku ij gSA

vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj] if'pe paikj.k esa lcls vf/d 2248 feeh ckfj'k
gqbZ] blds ckn 2021&2022 esa fd'kuxat esa ckfj'k gqbZA

çFke efgyk LokfHkeku cVkfy;u dk eq[;ky; ¶okYehfduxj¸ esa LFkkfir fd;k tk,xkA
dk puifV;k ekWMy dksfoM ls ykSVs çoklh etnwjksa ds fy, jkstxkj l`tu dks ysdj ppkZ esa FkkA
fcgkj dk igyk ih,e fe=k VsDlVkby ikdZ puifV;k esa cusxkA
fcgkj ds eq[;ea=kh dh lek/ku ;k=kk 4 tuojh 2023 dks if'peh paikj.k ds okfYedh uxj
ls 'kq: gqbZA
Hkkjr dk lcls yack iqy if'peh paikj.k esa xaMd unh ¹11-24 fdeh vkSj 4 ysuº ij
cuk;k tk,xkA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% eksfrgkjhA
mi&çHkkx% vjsjkt] pfd;k] eksfrgkjh] idM+hn;ky] jDlkSy vkSj fldjgukA
jDlqvy dks usiky dk ços'k }kj dgk tkrk gSA
ekS;Z LrEHk f'kykys•% ykSfj;k vjsjktA
eksfrgkjh egkRek xka/h ds lR;kxzg dh igyh ç;ksx'kkyk gSA
fcgkj Nk=k lEesyu dk 21 ok¡ vf/os'ku eksfrgkjh esa gqvkA
dslfj;k Lrwi ;gha fLFkr gSA
iwohZ paikj.k esglh dk eksrh cVu m|ksx nqfu;k Hkj esa e'kgwj gSA
2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj ;gka lcls vf/d xzkeh.k vkcknh gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% yhph vk/kfjr mRiknA
fo'o dk lcls Åapk ¶fojkV jkek;.k eafnj¸ cusxkA
gky gh esa ¶ckiw/ke eksfrgkjh jsyos LVs'ku¸ dks ¶xksYM jsfVax¸ nh xbZA
Hkkjr dh pkSFkh ¶•k| ijh{k.k ç;ksx'kkyk¸ jDlkSy esa •ksyh xbZA
czkthy ljdkj ds lg;ksx ls ihijkdksBh esa ¶i'kq çtuu dsaæ¸ •ksyk x;kA
paæfg;k xkao esa ¶egkRek xka/h¸ ij Fkhe ikdZA

LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% eqtÝiQjiqj
mi&foHkktu% eqtÝiQjiqj iwoZ vkSj eqtÝiQjiqj if'peA
bldh LFkkiuk 1875 esa vaxzstksa us dh Fkh vkSj bldk uke eqtÝiQj •ku ds uke ij j•k
x;k FkkA
1908% •qnhjke cksl vkSj çiQqYy pkdh }kjk fiaxy dSusMh dh xkM+h ij ce iQsadk x;kA ;g
eqtÝiQjiqj ds ftyk U;k;k/h'k fdaXliQksMZ ds fy, FkkA

1972% eqtÝiQjiqj ls vyx gksdj oS'kkyh vkSj lhrke<h ftys cuk;s x;sA
Hkkjr ds igys jk"Vªifr jktsaæ çlkn us yaxV flag dkWyst esa vaxzsth çksiQslj ds :i esa dke
fd;kA
eqtÝiQjiqj
/kfeZd LFkku% ckck xjhc LFkku ftls ¶fcgkj dk nso?kj¸ dgk tkrk gSA
;g ¶thvkbZ&VSx¸ ¶'kkgh yhph¸ ds fy, çfl¼ gSA
tux.kuk 2011% lokZf/d tula[;k okys ftys% eqtÝiQjiqj] iVuk vkSj iwohZ paikj.k ds ckn
rhljs LFkku ij gSA

lelkef;d lekpkj%
eqtÝiQjiqj ds iQdqyh esa fcgkj dk igyk iksVZscy vkaxuokM+h dsaæA
ftys esa lftZdy ,oa iQkekZ ikdZ LFkkfir fd;s tk;saxsA
eksrhiqj esa esxk&iQwM ikdZ vkSj fcgkj dk nwljk bFksukWy la;a=kA
uklk ds vkVZsfel ewu fe'ku dk;ZØe esa eqtÝiQjiqj dh fnO;k çdk'k dks 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% gkthiqjA
mi&foHkktu% gkthiqj] egqvk vkSj egukjA
bldk uke ¶jktk fo'kky¸ ls fy;k x;k gSA
çkphu oS'kkyh 600 bZlk iwoZ esa fo'o dk igyk x.kra=k FkkA
383 bZlk iwoZ esa dkyk'kksd ds 'kkludky ds nkSjku nwljh ckS¼ ifj"kn lckdkeh dh vè;{krk
esa ;gka vk;ksftr dh xbZ FkhA

oS'kkyh Hkxoku cq¼ us viuk vafre mins'k oS'kkyh esa fn;k FkkA
osa tSu rhFkZadj ¶Hkxoku egkohj¸ dk tUeLFkku gSA
;g çfl¼ oS';k ¶vkezikyh¸ dh Hkwfe Hkh gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% 'kgn
jkek;.k ;wfuoflZVh dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk,xkA
gky gh esa] ¶cq¼ lE;d n'kZu laxzgky;¸ dh vk/kjf'kyk j•h xbZA
gkthiqj esa fcgkj dk igyk fMVsa'ku lsaVjA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% Mqejk
lhrke<+h
vuqe.My% lhrke<+h lnj] csylaM ,oa iqijhA
bls 11 fnlacj 1972 dks eqtÝiQjiqj ls vyx dj cuk;k x;k FkkA

WALLAH
2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj] ;g fcgkj esa iwf.kZ;k ds ckn lcls de lk{kj ftyk ¹52-1»º
ds ekeys esa nwljs LFkku ij gSA

lelkef;d lekpkj%
;g fcgkj dk igyk ftyk gS tgka lHkh CykWdksa esa Dyhfud gSaA
fo'o dh lcls Åaph ¶ekrk lhrk¸ (251 ehVj) dh çfrek ¶Mqejk CykWd¸ ds varxZr jk?kksiqj
c•jh xkao esa LFkkfir dh tk,xhA

iqukSjk /ke dks ¶Lons'k n'kZu ;kstuk ,oa çlkn ;kstuk¸ ds jkek;.k lfdZV esa 'kkfey fd;k
x;k gSA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% f'kogj
f'kogj vuqeaMy% f'kogj
igys] ;g lhrke<h dk mieaMy Fkk] ftls 6 vDVwcj] 1994 dks ftys ds :i esa cuk;k
x;k FkkA
443-99 oxZ fdeh {ks=kiQy ds lkFk ;g fcgkj dk lcls NksVk ftyk gSA
2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj] ;g vf/dre tula[;k ?kuRo 1880 O;fÙkQ@oxZ fdeh gSA
lcls de tula[;k okyk ftyk] 'ks•iqjk ds ckn f'kogj nwljs LFkku ij gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% dsyk vk/kfjr mRikn@eksfjaxk
vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj] 38 ftyksa esa bldh çfr O;fÙkQ th,lMhih lcls de
¹18]682 #i;s) gSA

;g iapk;r Lrj ij ijke'kZnk=kh lfefr;k¡ LFkkfir djus okyk igyk ftyk gS@
eqaxsj çeaMy

ifjp;%
eqaxsj çeaMy esa Ng ftys 'kkfey gSa] ftuds uke gSa&eqaxsj] teqbZ] y•hljk;] csxqljk;] •xfM+;k vkSj 'ks•iqjkA
bl çeaMy dk ç'kklfud eq[;ky; eqaxsj esa gSA

LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% eqaxsj ¹;g çeaMyh; eq[;ky; Hkh gSº
mi&foHkktu% eqaxsj lnj] •M+xiqj vkSj rkjkiqjA
1832 ls igys ;g Hkkxyiqj ftys dk fgLlk FkkA 1971 dh tux.kuk rd bls eksaf?kj dgk tkrk FkkA
1972 esa csxqljk;] 1981 esa •xfM+;k] 1991 esa teqbZ vkSj 1994 esa eqaxsj ls y•hljk; vkSj 'ks•iqjk
dks vyx fd;k x;kA

eqaxsj dk orZeku {ks=k vk;Z fuokfl;ksa ds ¶eè; ns'k¸ dk fgLlk FkkA
ckn esa] ;g vax egktuin dk fgLlk Fkk vkSj eqnxkfxjh bldh jkt/kuh FkhA
¶eqaxsj¸ uke eqnxkfxjh ls fy;k x;k gSA
1762 esa] ehj dkfle us viuh jkt/kuh eqf'kZnkckn ls eqaxsj LFkkukarfjr dj nh vkSj vkXus;kL=k cukus
ds fy, ,d dkj•kuk LFkkfir fd;kA

1780 esa nsoiky dk uoyx<+&dkWij IysV f'kykys• feyk FkkA
varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij ;g vius ¶;ksx dsaæ¸ ds fy, çfl¼ gSA fcgkj ;ksx Ldwy dh LFkkiuk 1964
eqaxsj
esa gqbZ FkhA fcgkj ;ksx Hkkjrh&fo'o esa ,dek=k ;ksx fo'ofo|ky; dh LFkkiuk 1994 esa gqbZ FkhA
tekyiqj yksdkseksfVo odZ'kkWi ¹1862º Hkkjrh; jsyos dh lcls cM+h vkSj lcls iqjkuh yksdkseksfVo
odZ'kkWi gSA
vkbZVhlh fyfeVsM us 1907 esa flxjsV iQSDVªh dh LFkkiuk dh ¹çk;}hih; rackdw iQSDVªh }kjk 'kq:
dh xbZºA
eqaxsj esa •M+xiqj >hy dk fuekZ.k njHkaxk ds egkjktk }kjk fd;k x;k FkkA
Hkhecka/ oU;tho vHk;kj.; 1976 esa •ksyk x;k FkkA
eqaxsj esa egRoiw.kZ >jus gSa y{e.k dqaM] jkes'oj dqaM] lhrk dqaM] ½f"k dqaM vkSj xkSeq• dqaMA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% yseu xzkl ¹lqxaf/r ikS/kº@pkoy vk/kfjr mRikn (iksgk@eqjeqjk)A
fcgkj dk igyk vkSj Hkkjr dk nwljk ^*okfudh egkfo|ky;** eqaxsj esa LFkkfir fd;k tk,xkA
vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj bldk ½.k tek vuqikr lcls de gSA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% csxqljk;
vuqe.My% csxqljk;] cfy;k] rs?kjk] ea>kSy] c•jhA
1972 esa bls ,d vyx ftyk cuk fn;k x;kA
csxwljk; uke dh mRifÙk ¶csxe ljk;¸ ls gqbZ gS ftldk vFkZ gS ¶jkuh dk LFkku¸A Hkkxyiqj dh jkuh flefj;k
?kkV ¹xaxk ds rV ijº tkrh FkhaA
efT>e fudk; esa ¶csxqljk;¸ dk mYys• ¶vaxqÙkjik¸ ds :i esa fd;k x;k gSA
x<+iqjk ued lR;kxzg dh 'kq#vkr 21 vçSy 1930 dks JhÑ".k flag us dh FkhA
;g jke/kjh flag fnudj ¹jk"Vªdfoº dh tUeLFkyh gSA

WALLAH
bafM;u vkW;y fjiQkbujh vkSj ,uVhihlh csxqljk; ds cjkSuh esa fLFkr gSA
dkaoj >hy ;k dcjrky osVySaM & ,f'k;k dh lcls cM+h ehBs ikuh dh vkWDlcks >hy ¹xaMd unh
ds ?kqekonkj gksus ds dkj.k cuhº dks fcgkj dk igyk jkelj LFky ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k FkkA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% fepZ vk/kfjr mRiknA
çfr O;fÙkQ vk;% iVuk>csxwljk;>eqaxsjA
iwohZ Hkkjr ds lcls cM+s ckWVfyax IykaV dk mn~?kkVu csxqljk; esa gqvkA
fcgkj dk igyk ¶VsLV VÔwc cNM+k¸ dk tUe csxqljk; esa gqvkA
fcgkj ds eq[;ea=kh dh lek/ku ;k=kk 16 iQjojh 2023 dks csxqljk; esa lekIr gqbZA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% •xfM+;k
vuqeaMy % •xfM+;k ,oa xks?kjh-
•xfj;k vdcj ds 'kklu dky esa VksMjey us iQjd fd;k dh iqfyl] ftls iQjfd;k ijxuk dgk tkrk Fkk]
dks vius loZs{k.k esa 'kkfey ugha fd;kA

lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% dsyk vk/kfjr mRiknA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% teqbZ
vuqeaMy % teqbZ
igys bls ¶tfEHk;k xzke¸ dgk tkrk Fkk] iqjkuk uke tEHkqcuh FkkA
Hkxoku egkohj ¹tSu /eZ ds 24 osa rhFkZadjº dks fnO; Kku ¹dSoY;º dh çkfIr mTtqofy;k ;k
fjtqokfydk ¹mykbZº ds rV ij fLFkr tkfEc;kxzke esa gqbZ FkhA

teqbZ ;g ¶jsM dkWfjMksj¸ dk fgLlk gS vkSj blesa dks;yk] vHkzd] lksuk vkSj yksgs ds vç;qÙkQ HkaMkj gSaA
ukxh&udVh cka/ oU;tho vHk;kj.; ;gha fLFkr gSA
fx¼s'oj eafnj ¹Hkxoku f'ko dks lefiZrº vkSj yNqvkj tSe eafnj tSls eafnjA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% y?kq ou mRikn ¹dVgyº
teqbZ dk dsfM;k xzke fcgkj dk igyk tSfod xkao gSA
dk igyk i{kh egksRlo ¶dyjo¸ ¶ukxh&udVh cka/ oU;tho vHk;kj.;¸ esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k
FkkA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% y•hljk;A
vuqeaMy % y•hljk;A
y•hljk; 1994 esa bls ,d vyx ftyk cuk fn;k x;kA
iky oa'k ds nkSjku ;g ,d ç'kklfud vkSj /kfeZd dsaæ FkkA
ckS¼ lkfgR; esa bls ¶vaxqÙkjh¸ ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA
fØfedyk unh dh igpku orZeku ¶fdmy unh¸ ls dh tkrh gSA

lwjtx<+ dh yM+kbZ ¹1534º% gqek;w¡ vkSj 'ksj'kkg ds chpA
Þosu Rlkax us nl ¶cq¼ eBksa¸ okys ftys dk mYys• fd;k gSA
pkfy;k ioZr ij Hkxoku cq¼ rhu o"kZ rd jgs FksA
baæ/kes'oj v'kksd/ke eafnj ;gka fLFkr ,d çfl¼ egknso eafnj gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% VekVj vk/kfjr mRiknA
dtjk lksyj ikoj IykaV •cjksa esa FkkA
cjfg;k jlxqYyk blfy, ppkZ esa Fkk D;ksafd bl mRikn ds fy, thvkbZ VSx dh ekax dh tk jgh FkhA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% 'ks•iqjk
vuqeaMy% 'ks•iqjk
fxfjfgaMk fgYl] cjch?kk LVsfM;e ftys esa fLFkr gSA

'ks•iqjk
2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj] ;g fcgkj dk lcls de vkcknh okyk ftyk gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% I;kt vk/kfjr mRiknA
Hkkjrh; ou fLFkfr fjiksVZ] 2021 ds vuqlkj] fcgkj esa bldk ou {ks=k lcls de gSA
;g fcgkj dk igyk ftyk gS tgka dh tehu dks vk/kj uacj ls tksM+k x;k gS-
ex/ çeaMy
ifjp;
x;k çeaMy esa x;k] vkSjaxkckn] uoknk] vjoy vkSj tgkukckn ftys 'kkfey gSaA
bl eaMy dk ç'kklfud eq[;ky; x;k esa gSA

WALLAH
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% x;k ¹;g çeaMyh; eq[;ky; Hkh gSº
vuqe.My% x;k lnj] Vsdkuh] uhepd cFkkuh] 'ksj?kkVhA
x;k dk uke x;klqj (jk{kl) ds uke ij j•k x;k gSA ok;q iqjk.k ds vuqlkj Hkxoku fo".kq ds
vk'khokZn ls mudk 'kjhj ifo=k gks x;kA
Hkxoku cq¼ dks cks/x;k esa iQYxq (fujatuk) unh ds rV ij ,d cks/ o`{k ds uhps è;ku djus
ds ckn ¶Kku¸ çkIr gqvkA
leqæxqIr us ¶x;k¸ dks xqIr lkezkT; dh jkt/kuh cuk;kA
Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; dkaxzsl dk 37ok¡ okf"kZd vf/os'ku 1922 esa lhvkj nkl dh vè;{krk esa x;k
esa gqvkA
cks/x;k eafnj dk fuekZ.k /eZiky ¹iky 'kkldº ds 'kkludky esa gqvk FkkA
;g fiaMnku vuq"Bku ds fy, çfl¼ LFkku gS D;ksafd Hkxoku jke] y{e.k vkSj lhrk th vius
x;k firk n'kjFk ds fiaMnku ds fy, ;gka vk, FksA
fo".kqin eafnj ¹Hkxoku fo".kq ds iSjksa ds fu'kkuº ;gha fLFkr gSA
egkcksf/ eafnj ifjlj dks 2002 esa fcgkj ds igys ;wusLdks fo'o /jksgj LFky ds :i esa ukfer
fd;k x;k FkkA
xkSre cq¼ oU;tho vHk;kj.; ;gha fLFkr gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% e'k:e@lhle vk/kfjr mRiknA
iQYxq unh ij fcgkj ds igys jcj cka/ dk gky gh esa mn~?kkVu fd;k x;k vkSj bls ¶x;kth¸
cka/ dk uke fn;k x;k gSA
x;k dks ve`rlj&fnYyh&dksydkrk vkS|ksfxd xfy;kjs ls tksM+k x;k gSA
fcgkj dk lcls cM+k vkS|ksfxd ikdZ ¶MksHkh¸] x;k esa LFkkfir fd;k tk,xkA
fcgkj dk igyk ¶uxj ou¸ x;k dh czãks;uh igkfM+;ksa esa LFkkfir fd;k x;k FkkA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% vkSjaxkckn
vuqe.My% vkSjaxkckn ,oa nkmnuxj
,uVhihlh] uchuxj ;gha fLFkr gSA
vkSjaxkckn
lw;Z nso ls lacaf/r nso eafnj bl ftys dk ,d çfl¼ eafnj gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% LVªkWcsjh vk/kfjr mRiknA
gky gh esa bl ftys esa Øksfe;e] fudsy vkSj iksVk'k ds CykWd ik, x, gSaA

LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% uoknk
vuqeaMy% uoknk ,oa jtkSyhA
¶uoknk¸ uke dh mRifÙk ¶ukS&vckn¸ ;k u, cktkj ls gqbZ gS ftls ¶n ,fy;V ekdZsV¸ dgk
tkrk gSA
uoknk
lokZsn; vkJe dh LFkkiuk t;k çdk'k ukjk;.k us 1952 esa uoknk esa dh FkhA
ddksyr tyçikr blh ftys esa fLFkr gSA
uoknk esa ¶jtkSyh¸ dh igpku ,uihlhvkbZ,y ¹U;wfDy;j ikoj dkWjiksjs'ku vkWiQ bafM;k fyfeVsMº
}kjk fcgkj esa ijek.kq ÅtkZ mRiknu LFky ds :i esa dh xbZ gSA
bl ftys esa fcjgksj tutkfr;k¡ ikbZ tkrh gSaA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% iku dh csyA
uoknk ds iQqyofj;k esa 20 esxkokV dk ÝyksfVax lksyj IykaV LFkkfir fd;k tk;sxk-
uoknk tsy dks fcgkj ds igys ¶bZV jkbV dSail¸ dh ekU;rk feyhA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% tgkukckn-
vuqeaMy % tgkukckn
;g nks NksVh ufn;ksa ¶nj/k vkSj ;equkb;k¸ ds laxe ij fLFkr gSA
bls ¶ex/ çeaMy dk ân; LFky¸ dgk tkrk gSA
bl ftys dk o.kZu vcqy iQty }kjk fyf•r ¶vkbu&,&vdcjh¸ esa fn;k x;k gSA
oha 'krkCnh esa Hk;adj vdky iM+k] vkSjaxtsc us viuh cgu ¶tgk¡vkjk¸ ds uke ij ,d ¶eaMh¸
tgkukckn cuokbZ] ;g ifjorZu tgk¡kjkckn ls tgkukckn gqvkA
ckjkcj xqiQk,¡] lcls iqjkuh thfor jkWd dV xqiQk,¡ ;gk¡ fLFkr gSaA
v'kksd ds 'kkludky ds nkSjku cuh ckjkcj igkfM+;ksa esa pkj vkSj ukxktZquh igkfM+;ksa esa rhu xqiQk,¡
gSaA xqiQk,¡ eDdyh xkslkyk }kjk LFkkfir ¶vthodk laçnk;¸ ls lacaf/r gSaA
gtjr chch dk edcjk tgkukckn esa fLFkr gSA og ns'k dh igyh efgyk lwiQh lar FkhaA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% e'k:e@nky vk/kfjr mRiknA
;g fcgkj dk igyk 100» fMftVy cSafdax ftyk gSA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% vjoy
vuqeaMy% vjoyA
vxLr 2001 esa bls tgkukckn ftys ls vyx dj ,d vyx ftyk ¹fcgkj dk 38 oka ftykº
cuk;k x;kA
vjoy ;g lksu unh ds nkfgus fdukjs ij fLFkr gSA
e•nwe 'kkg dk etkj blh ftys esa fLFkr gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% e•kuk@nky vk/kfjr mRikn ¹cslu vkSj lÙkwº
vjoy efgyk Fkkuk dks Hkkjr ds VkWi rhu iqfyl LVs'kuksa esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA
vkfFkZd&loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj çns'k esa lcls de o"kkZ gqbZ gSA

WALLAH
iwf.kZ;k çeaMy
ifjp;%
iwf.kZ;k çeaMy fcgkj dh ,d ç'kklfud HkkSxksfyd bdkbZ gSA
iwf.kZ;k çeaMy dk ç'kklfud eq[;ky; gSA
bl çeaMy esa iwf.kZ;k] vjfj;k] dfVgkj vkSj fd'kuxat 'kkfey gSaA

LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% iwf.kZ;k
vuqe.My% iwf.kZ;k lnj] cue•h]
1973 esa dfVgkj vkSj 1990 esa iwf.kZ;k ls vjfj;k vkSj fd'kuxat dks vyx fd;k x;kA
1947 ls çR;sd Lora=krk fnol ij çkr% 12%07 cts ¶jk"Vªh; èot iQgjkus¸ dh ijaijk gSA
iwf.kZ;k ¶uke nsoh¸ ¶iwju nsoh¸ ;k iw.kZ vj.; ls fy;k x;k gS ftldk vFkZ gS laiw.kZ taxyA
Hkkjr dk igyk twV ikdZ iwf.kZ;k ds ejaxk esa ¶iqjulj twV ikdZ¸ dgk tkrk gSA
iwf.kZ;k ¶flypj ls xqtjkr¸ dks tksM+us okyk iwoZ&if'pe xfy;kjk iwf.kZ;k ls gksdj xqtjrk gSA
2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj] iwf.kZ;k 51-1» lexz lk{kjrk ds lkFk lcls de lk{kj ftyk gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% dsyk@eDdk vk/kfjr mRiknA
gky gh esa ;gka Hkkjr ds igys bFksukWy la;a=k dk mn~?kkVu fd;k x;kA
fcgkj dk nwljk MkWIyj jMkj ¹iVuk esa igykº ;gka LFkkfir fd;k tk,xkA
ftys ds gj iapk;r esa cu jgs iqLrdky; dks ysdj ;g ppkZ esa jgk-
vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj bldk ½.k tek vuqikr lcls de gSA

LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% dfVgkj
mi&çHkkx% vjsjkt] pfd;k] eksfrgkjh] idM+hn;ky] jDlkSy vkSj fldjgukA
bls mÙkj&iwoZ Hkkjr dk ços'k }kj dgk tkrk gSA
dfVgkj
;g uhfr vk;ksx dh vkdka{kh ftyk ;kstuk dk fgLlk gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% e•kukA
fcgkj dk igyk lkeqnkf;d vH;kj.; ¶xksxkchy >hy¸] ,d cSy&/uq"k >hy] dfVgkj esa gSA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% vjfj;k
mi&çHkkx% vjfj;k vkSj iQkjfclxatA
bls 1990 esa ,d vyx ftys ds :i esa LFkkfir fd;k x;k FkkA
blesa ¶ekmaV daputaxk¸ dk n`'; gSA
fczfV'k dky ds nkSjku] ftyk dysDVj] ¶tkWu vysDtsaMj iQksClZ ds caxys vkSj vkoklh; {ks=k
vjfj;k dks ¶vkj-,fj;k¸ dgk tkrk Fkk] ckn esa bldk uke cnydj vjfj;k dj fn;k x;kA
iQ.kh'oj ukFk js.kq vjfj;k ds Fks] mudh lcls mYys•uh; Ñfr ¶eSyk vkapy¸ ¹,d fganh
miU;klº gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% e•kuk
fcgkj dk igyk tSo&fofo/rk ikdZ vjfj;k ds dqf'k;kjxkao esa LFkkfir fd;k x;k FkkA
fcgkj dk nwljk fpfM+;k?kj ¶jkuhxat¸] vjfj;k esa LFkkfir fd;k tk,xkA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% fd'kuxat
vuqe.My% fd'kuxat
;g Hkkjr ds ekufp=k ij ¶fpdu usd¸ dk fgLlk gSA
eqxy dky ds nkSjku] ;g usiky dk fgLlk Fkk ftls usikyx<+ dgk tkrk Fkk] fiQj 'kkg vkye
ds lEeku esa bldk uke ¶vkyexat¸ j•k x;k] ftUgksaus bl ij dCtk dj fy;k FkkA
fd'kuxat
lqjtkiqjh bl ftys dh lcls vf/d cksyh tkus okyh Hkk"kk gSA
fd'kuxat fcgkj dk ,dek=k pk; mRiknd ftyk gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% vukukl vk/kfjr mRiknA
¶fMftVy iQfVZfyVh eSi¸ rS;kj djus okyk fcgkj dk igyk ftyk gSA
vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj] 2022&23 esa fd'kuxat esa lcls vf/d ckfj'k gqbZA

WALLAH
lkj.k çeaMy
ifjp;%
lkj.k çeaMy fcgkj dh ,d ç'kklfud HkkSxksfyd bdkbZ gSA
Nijk eaMy dk ç'kklfud eq[;ky; gSA
orZeku esa] blesa rhu ftys lkj.k] lhoku vkSj xksikyxat 'kkfey gSaA
mYys•uh; rF;% bl eaMy ds lHkh ftyksa dh lhek mÙkj çns'k ls yxrh gSA

LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% Nijk-
vuqe.My% lksuiqj$Nijk$e<+kSjkA
¶lkju¸ uke ¶lkjaxkj.;¸ ¹fgj.k dk taxyº ls fy;k x;k gS] tks lkjaxh ½f"k dk ?kj FkkA
vkbu&,&,sdcjh esa vcqy iQty us dqy 6 ljdkjksa ¹jktLo çHkkxº dk mYys• fd;k gS] lkj.k
muesa ls ,d gSA
fcgkj dh çFke uoik"kk.k laLÑfr lkj.k ds fpjkan esaA
lkj.k gFkok jkt&,d tehankj jktoa'k dk laca/ lkj.k ls gSA
fHk•kjh Bkdqj ¹Hkkstiqjh ds 'ksDlfi;j ds :i esa tkus tkrs gSaº lkj.k ds gSaA
e<+kSjk jsy batu dkj•kuk ;gha fLFkr gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% VekVj vk/kfjr mRiknA
lkj.k esa Hkkjr dk lcls cM+k Mcy Msdj ÝykbZvksojA
e<+kSjk jsy batu iQSDVªh us ¶xtjkt¸ uked 'kfÙkQ'kkyh jsy batu dk fuekZ.k fd;kA
fcgkj dk lcls cM+k dkxkZs VfeZuy ¹dkyw?kkV baVjekWMy VfeZuyº lkj.k ftys esa gSA

LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% xksikyxat
vuqe.My% xksikyxat ,oa gFkqvkA
2 vDVwcj 1973 dks bls ,d vyx ftyk cuk;k x;kA
2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj xksikyxat lHkh ftyksa esa fyaxkuqikr esa çFke LFkku ¹1021º ij gSA
jke nqykjh flUgk xksikyxat ls gSaA
xksikyxat og ,d Lora=krk lsukuh Fkha vkSj ekLVj fMxzh gkfly djus okyh fcgkj dh igyh efgyk Fkha
vkSj ckn esa dsjy dh jkT;iky cuhaA

muds ifr] Bkdqj tqxy fd'kksj flUgk dks Hkkjr esa lgdkjh vkanksyu ds tud ds :i esa tkuk
tkrk gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% iihrk vk/kfjr mRiknA
fcgkj dk igyk vkWDlhtu ikdZ xksikyxat esa LFkkfirA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% lhoku
vuqe.My% lhoku ,oa egkjktxat
1920 ds vlg;ksx vkanksyu ds tokc esa inkZ&fojks/h vkanksyu Jh czt fd'kksj çlkn }kjk ¹lhoku
floku esaº 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA

Hkkjr ds çFke jk"Vªifr dk tUeLFkku gSA
Ålj feêðh floku esa ikbZ tkrh gS ¹lksfM;e vkSj eSXuhf'k;e ds lap; ds dkj.kº
lhoku crZu m|ksx ds fy, tkuk tkrk gS-
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% esaFkkA
njHkaxk çeaMy

WALLAH
ifjp;
frjgqr fMohtu ds foHkktu ds ckn 1973 esa njHkaxk fMohtu vfLrRo esa vk;kA
njHkaxk 1875 rd ljdkj frjgqr dk fgLlk Fkk] tc bls ,d vyx ftys esa xfBr fd;k x;k FkkA ;g 1908 rd iVuk
fMohtu dk fgLlk Fkk] tc rd fd frjgqr fMohtu dk eq[;ky; eqtÝiQjiqj esa ugha cuk;k x;kA
njHkaxk çeaMy esa rhu ftys 'kkfey gSa] vFkkZr~ njHkaxk] e/qcuh vkSj leLrhiqjA
mi•aM igys cuk, x, Fks& 1845 esa njHkaxk lnj] 1866 esa e/qcuh vkSj 1867 esa leLrhiqj (rc rktiqj ds uke ls tkuk
tkrk Fkk)A
jkT; esa ftyksa ds iquxZBu ds ifj.kkeLo:i] tks o"kZ 1972 esa çHkkoh gqvk] e/qcuh vkSj leLrhiqj mi•aM dks Lora=k ftyksa
esa vixzsM fd;k x;kA

;g fMohtu mÙkj esa usiky ls] nf{k.k esa eqaxfgj fMohtu ls] iwoZ esa lgjlk fMohtu ls vkSj if'pe esa eqtÝiQjiqj fMohtu
ls f?kjk gSA
fMohtu dk uke blds ,dek=k 'kgj njHkaxk] fMohtu eq[;ky; ls fy;k x;k gS] ftlds ckjs esa dgk tkrk gS fd bldh
LFkkiuk njHkaxh •ku us dh Fkh] ftlds ckjs esa O;kogkfjd :i ls dqN Hkh Kkr ugha gSA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% njHkaxk ¹;g çeaMyh; eq[;ky; Hkh gSº
vuqe.My% njHkaxk&lnj] csuhiqj] fcjkSy
bls vDlj ¶fcgkj dh lkaLÑfrd jkt/kuh¸ vkSj ¶feFkykapy dk ân;¸ dgk tkrk gSA
eksgEen fcu rqxyd ds 'kkludky ds nkSjku bls ¶rqxydiqj¸ dgk tkrk FkkA
dq'ks'oj LFkku i{kh vHk;kj.; ;gha fLFkr gSA
e•kuk dk jk"Vªh; vuqla/ku dsaæ ;gha fLFkr gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
njHkaxk vksMhvksih mRikn% e•kukA
fcgkj dk nwljk ,El LFkkfir fd;k tk,xkA
bldh ?kks"k.kk 2015&16 ds dsaæh; ctV esa dh xbZ FkhA
fcgkj dk igyk ¶dkS'ky fodkl fo'ofo|ky;¸ ;gka LFkkfir fd;k tk,xkA
fcgkj ds nwljs rkjkeaMy&lg&foKku laxzgky; dk mn~?kkVu eq[;ea=kh us viuh ¶lek/ku ;k=kk¸ ds
nkSjku njHkaxk esa fd;kA

fcgkj dk igyk ÝyksfVax lksyj IykaV njHkaxk ds dkfnjkckn esaA
njHkaxk gokbZ vîók ¹fo|k ifr ds uke ijº eSFkyh Hkk"kk esa ?kks"k.kk djus okyk igyk gokbZ vîók cu x;kA
ftys dks e•kuk ¹iQkWDluVº dh •srh ds fy, ¶,d ftyk ,d mRikn¸ ds rgr pquk x;k gSA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% e/qcuh
vuqe.My% e/qcuh] t;uxj] >a>kjiqj ,oa iQqyijklA
e/qcuh 1972 esa bls ,d vyx ftyk cuk fn;k x;kA
;g uke ¶e/qou¸ ¹e/q$ouº ls fy;k x;k gS ftldk vFkZ gS 'kgn dk taxyA
fo'o Lrjh; thvkbZ&VSx e/qcuh@fefFkyk isafVax ds fy, çfl¼ gSA
fo|kifr ¹laKk% eSFkyh dfo dksfdyº ,d egku eSFkyh vkSj laLÑr dfo&lar FksA

lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% e•kuk ¹iQkWDluVº
eSfFkyh Bkdqj dks Hkkjr fuokZpu vk;ksx us ¶LVsV vkbdkWu¸ cuk;k gSA
bl ftys dk lq•sr ekWMy ¹LoPNrk dks c<+kok nsus vkSj fdlkuksa dks tSfod •kn miyC/ djkus ds
fy,º gky gh esa •cjksa esa FkkA

vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj] 2021&22 esa e/qcuh fcgkj dk vxz.kh eNyh mRiknd ftyk
Fkk] mlds ckn njHkaxk vkSj iwohZ paikj.k FksA

LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% leLrhiqj
vuqe.My% leLrhiqj] jkslM+k] nyflagljk; ,oa iVksjhA
bls 1972 esa ,d vyx ftyk cuk;k x;k FkkA igys] ;g if'pe caxky ds gkth 'kElqíhu bfy;kl
}kjk LFkkfir 'kElqíhuiqj uked ,d mi&foHkkx FkkA

leLrhiqj
MkW- jktsaæ çlkn dsaæh; Ñf"k fo'ofo|ky; dh LFkkiuk 1970 esa iwlk] leLrhiqj esa gqbZ FkhA
diZwj Bkdqj ¹tu uk;d ds uke ls tkus tkrs gSaº bl {ks=k ds ,d egRoiw.kZ O;fÙkQ gSa] tks fcgkj ds
igys xSj&dkaxzslh lektoknh eq[;ea=kh cusA

lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% gYnhA
dkslh çeaMy
ifjp;
dkslh çeaMy fnukad 02-10-1972 dks cuk;k x;k gS] ftldk ç'kklfud eq[;ky; lgjlk ftyk gSA
bldh lhek mÙkj esa fgeky; (usiky)] nf{k.k esa ckxerh unh] iwoZ esa lqjlj unh vkSj if'pe esa dkslh unh gSA

WALLAH
LFkkiuk dky esa dkslh çeaMy esa lgjlk] iwf.kZ;k ,oa dfVgkj ftys FksA
ckn esa u;s ftyksa ds xBu ,oa ç'kklfud O;oLFkk ds iQyLo:i iwf.kZ;k çeaMy dk xBu fd;k x;k ftlesa dkslh çeaMy]
iwf.kZ;k çeaMy esa iwf.kZ;k ,oa lgjlk ds dfVgkj ftys 'kkfey fd;s x;sA
orZeku le; esa dkslh çeaMy esa rhu ftys Øe'k% lgjlk] lqikSy ,oa e/siqjk gSaA
dkslh çeaMy dh eq[; lkaLÑfrd fo'ks"krk ;gka dh pkj oLrq,a Øe'k% iku] ikx] ekN (eNyh) vkSj e•kuk ekuh tkrh gSaA
;g {ks=k e•kuk dh •srh ds fy, Hkh çfl¼ gSA

LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% lgjlk
mi&foHkktu% lgjlk lnj vkSj flejh&cf[r;kjiqjA
1 vçSy 1954 dks bls ,d vyx ftyk cuk;k x;k] igys ;g eqaxsj vkSj Hkkxyiqj ftys dk fgLlk FkkA
lg"kkZ e/siqjk vkSj lqikSy Øe'k% 1981 vkSj 1991 esa lgjlk ls vyx fd;s x;s FksA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
;g fcgkj dk igyk isijysl lekgj.kky; gS-
19 oka fcgkj dk uxj fuxe-
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% e/siqjk
mi&çHkkx% e/siqjk vkSj mnk&fd'kuxatA
ftys esa ,d bysfDVªd yksdkseksfVo iQSDVªh gS] tks Hkkjrh; jsyos vkSj Úkal ds vYVkse ,l, dk la;qÙkQ
e/siqjk
m|e gSA ;g lcls 'kfÙkQ'kkyh jsyos batu ¶WAG-12¸ dk fuekZ.k djrk gSA
flaxs'oj LFkku ¹çfl¼ f'ko eafnjº ;gk¡ dk ,d /kfeZd LFkku gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% vke vk/kfjr mRiknA
Hkkjr dk igyk 12000 ,pih jsyos batu ;gha fufeZr fd;k x;k FkkA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% lqikSy
mi&çHkkx% lqikSy] chjiqj] f=kos.khxat vkSj fueZyhA
14 ekpZ 1991 dks ,d vyx ftys ds :i esa LFkkfir fd;k x;k FkkA
fganw ikSjkf.kd dFkkvksa ds vuqlkj] bls erL; {ks=k ¹eNyh {ks=kº ds uke ls tkuk tkrk FkkA
lqikSy dkslh unh ¹¶fcgkj dk nq%•¸º ftys ls gksdj cgrh gS vkSj {ks=k esa ck<+ ykrh gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
;gka igyh dkslh liQkjh dk mn~?kkVu fd;k x;k-
LoPN Hkkjr fe'ku ¹'kgjhº ds rgr] bls fcgkj dk igyk dpjk&eqÙkQ 'kgj dk ntkZ feyk vkSj ,d
LVkj jsfVax çkIr gqbZA

rhljk_ fcgkj dk tSo fofo/rk ikdZ ;gka fodflr fd;k tk,xk ¹igyk vjfj;k esa] nwljk x;k esaº
lqikSy esa Mxekjk iufctyh ifj;kstuk ¹130 esxkokVº cusxhA
fcgkj dk 15 oka yksfg;k esfMdy dkWyst LFkkfir fd;k tk,xkA
Hkkxyiqj çeaMy
ifjp;
;g fcgkj dk lcls iqjkuk ç'kklfud çHkkx gSA bl eaMy dk eq[;ky; Hkkxyiqj esa gSA
blesa nks ftys 'kkfey gSa] vFkkZr~ Hkkxyiqj vkSj ckadkA

LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% Hkkxyiqj
mi&çHkkx% Hkkxyiqj] ukSxfN;k] dgyxkaoA
vax egktuin ¹vk/qfud eqaxsj$Hkkxyiqjº dk fgLlk FkkA
foØef'kyk egkfogkj dh LFkkiuk /eZiky us dh FkhA
yfyr foLrkj iqjkuh vafxdk fyfi esa fy•k x;k ,d ckS¼ xzaFk gSA
Hkkxyiqj ¶xaxk vkSj panu¸ unh bl ftys ls gksdj cgrh gSA
eqxy ckn'kkg vkSjaxtsc ds HkkbZ ¶'kqtk¸ dh dcz Hkkxyiqj esa gSA
1765 esa eqxy lezkV ¶'kkg vkye f}rh;¸ ds vuqnku ls ;g bZLV bafM;k daiuh dk fgLlk cu
x;kA
frydkeka>h bl {ks=k ds ,d çfl¼ Lora=krk lsukuh gSa] ftUgsa ,d pkSd ij iQkalh nh xbZ Fkh
ftls vc frydkeka>h pkSd dgk tkrk gSA

fcgkj Ñf"k fo'ofo|ky;] lckSj ;gha fLFkr gSA

WALLAH
vafxdk Hkk"kk% eSFkyh dk fNdk fpDdh laLdj.k ;gka cksyh tkrh gSA
,uVhihlh] dgyxkao ;gha fLFkr gSA
bl {ks=k ds tnkZyw vke] Hkkxyiqjh flYd ¹rLlj flYdº] drjuh pkoy dks thvkbZ&VSx fey
pqdk gSA
eatw"kk Hkkxyiqj dh ,d çfl¼ dyk gSA
foØef'kyk xaxk MkWfYiQu vHk;kj.; dh LFkkiuk 1990 esa gqbZ FkhA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% tnkZyq vke
fcgkj dk igyk vksMh,iQ $ ekWMy CykWd% Hkkxyiqj esa bLekbyiqj CykWdA
gky gh esa Hkkxyiqj jsyos LVs'ku dks xzhu flYoj jsfVax çnku dh xbZA
nks u, dks;yk CykWd% fetkZxkao vkSj y{ehiqjA
;gka fcgkj dk igyk Lo&ewo vkSj fMftVy dksVZ LFkkfir fd;k x;kA
Hkkjr dk igyk ¶Ñf"k gSdkFkkWu¸ fcgkj Ñf"k fo'ofo|ky;] lckSj esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;kA
fcgkj dk igyk dNqvk iquokZl dsaæ ;gha LFkkfir fd;k x;k FkkA
Hkkjr dh igyh MkWfYiQu os/'kkyk ¹iVuk esa MkWfYiQu vuqla/ku dsaæº ;gha LFkkfir dh xbZ FkhA
nwljk i{kh egksRlo ¹teqbZ ds ukxh&udVh esa igyk uke dyjoº ftys ds dnok fnokjk esa
vk;ksftr fd;k x;kA

Hkkxyiqj ds ihjiSarh esa 200&250 esxkokV dk lkSj ÅtkZ la;a=kA
fcgkj dh igyh cSMfeaVu vdkneh LFkkfir dh tk;sxhA
LFkSfrd rF;%
eq[;ky;% ckadk
bls 1991 esa Hkkxyiqj ls vyx dj cuk;k x;k FkkA
pkuu bl ftys dh çeq• unh gSA
lrh'k çlkn >k ckadk ds Fks] tks mu lkr 'kghnksa esa ls ,d Fks] ftudh 11 vxLr 1942 dks
iVuk esa Hkkjr NksM+ks vkanksyu ds nkSjku vaxzstksa us xksyh ekjdj gR;k dj nh FkhA
ckadk eankj fgYl ,oa vks<+uh cka/ blh ftys esa fLFkr gSA
ckSalh esyk eankj fgYl ij vk;ksftr fd;k tkrk gSA
lelkef;d lekpkj%
vksMhvksih mRikn% drjuh pkoy vk/kfjr mRiknA
ckadk tsy us dSfn;ksa ds fy, ¶fMftVy lk{kjrk dk;ZØe¸ 'kq: fd;kA bls ih,e&fn'kk ;kstuk
ds rgr ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA

rkykcksa dh LFkkiuk dh tk;sxhA
fcgkj fofo/
fnu% fcgkj ljdkj }kjk ?kksf"kr
fnu lEcaf/r rF;
rkjkiqj ujlagkj esa vius çk.kksa dh vkgqfr nsus okys Lora=krk lsukfu;ksa ds lEeku
15 iQjojh_
esa fcgkj esa bls ¶'kghn fnol¸ ds :i esa ;kn fd;k tkrk gSA

15 iQjojh 1932 dks rkjkiqj ¹orZeku esa] eqaxsj dk ,d mi•aMº ujlagkj gqvk
ftlesa 34 yksx ekjs x,A
bldh ?kks"k.kk iQjojh 2022 esa dh xbZ FkhA
bls ¶fcgkj fnol¸ ds :i esa euk;k tkrk gSA
;g orZeku eq[;ea=kh uhrh'k dqekj ds fnekx dh mit gS vkSj 2010 ls cM+s
iSekus ij euk;k tkus yxkA

22 ekpZ_
22 ekpZ] 1912 dks fcgkj vkSj mM+hlk dks caxky çkar ls vyx dj fn;k x;kA
22 ekpZ 2013 dks fcgkj us viuk 111 oka LFkkiuk fnol ¶;qok 'kfÙkQ] fcgkj
dh çxfr¸ Fkhe ds lkFk euk;kA

23 vçSy_ bls ckcw ohj dq¡oj flag ls tqM+s ¶fot;ksRlo fnol¸ ds :i esa euk;k tkrk gSA
7 vxLr_ fcgkj laxzgky; 7 vxLr dks viuk LFkkiuk fnol eukrk gSA
i`Foh ij tyok;q ifjorZu ds çHkkoksa ds ckjs esa tkx:drk iSnk djus ds fy,
9 vxLr_
bls fcgkj i`Foh fnol ds :i esa euk;k tkrk gSA
xaxk unh MkWfYiQu dh lqj{kk vkSj laj{k.k ds ckjs esa tkx:drk iSnk djus ds
5 vDVwcj_
fy, bls ¶MkWfYiQu fnol¸ ds :i esa euk;k tkrk gSA
26 uoacj_ bls fcgkj esa ¶'kjkccanh fnol¸ ds :i esa euk;k tkrk gSA
3 fnlacj_ es/k fnol ¹MkW- jktsaæ çlkn dh t;arh ijº
gj eghus dk igyk eaxyokj ty thou gfj;kyh fnolA
gj eghus dh 21 rkjh• ifjokj fu;kstu fnolA
çR;sd o"kZ 15 tuojh ls 21 tuojh rd Hkwdai lqj{kk lIrkgA
çR;sd o"kZ 1 ls 7 twu rd ck<+ lqj{kk lIrkgA
fcgkj% ,d ftyk ,d mRikn vksMhvksih ;kstuk ds rgr fpfUgr

laHkkx ,oa ftys
z ,d ftyk ,d mRikn ;kstuk D;k gS\ mRikn
f'kogj dsys vk/kfjr mRikn
;g •k| çlaLdj.k m|ksx ea=kky; dh ,d ;kstuk gSA
iVuk çeaMy
;g ;kstuk buiqV dh •jhn] lkekU; lsokvksa dk ykHk
iVuk csdjh mRikn
mBkus vkSj mRiknksa ds foi.ku ds ekeys esa iSekus dk
ukyUnk vkyw vk/kfjr mRikn
ykHk mBkus ds fy, ,d ftyk ,d mRikn (vksMhvksih)
Hkkstiqj Hkkjrh; ikjaifjd feBkb;k¡ vkSj fe"BkUu
n`f"Vdks.k dks viukrh gSA
¹•qjek@csyxzkehº
;kstuk ds fy, vksMhvksih ewY; Jà•yk fodkl vkSj
cDlj Hkkjrh; ikjaifjd feBkb;k¡ ¹crhlk ;k
leFkZu cqfu;knh <kaps ds lajs•.k ds fy, :ijs•k çnku ikiM+hº
djsxkA
dSewj pkoy vk/kfjr mRikn ¹iksgk] eqjeqjkº
vksMhvksih ;kstuk ds rgr fpfUgr jksgrkl pkoy vk/kfjr mRikn ¹iksgk] eqjeqjkº
laHkkx ,oa ftys
mRikn
frjgqr çeaMy eqaxsj çeaMy
if'peh paikj.k xUuk vk/kfjr mRikn eqaxsj pkoy vk/kfjr mRikn ¹iksgk] eqjeqjkº
iwohZ paikj.k yhph vk/kfjr mRikn teqbZ y?kq ou mit ¹dVgyº
eqtÝiQjiqj yhph vk/kfjr mRikn csxwljk; fepZ vk/kfjr mRikn
oS'kkyh 'kgn •xfj;k dsys vk/kfjr mRikn
lhrke<+h yhph vk/kfjr mRikn y•hljk; VekVj vk/kfjr mRikn

WALLAH
vksMhvksih ;kstuk ds rgr fpfUgr vksMhvksih ;kstuk ds rgr fpfUgr
laHkkx ,oa ftys laHkkx ,oa ftys
mRikn mRikn
'ks•iqjk I;kt vk/kfjr mRikn- floku esaFkk vk/kfjr mRiknA
ex/ çeaMy xksikyxat iihrk vk/kfjr mRikn
vkSjaxkckn LVªkWcsjh vk/kfjr mRikn njHkaxk çeaMy
x;k lhle vk/kfjr mRikn njHkaxk e•kuk ¹iQkWDluVº
uoknk iku dh csy leLrhiqj gYnh
vjoy nky vk/kfjr mRikn ¹cslu vkSj lÙkwº e/qcuh e•kuk ¹iQkWDluVº
tgkukckn nky vk/kfjr mRikn ¹cslu vkSj lÙkwº dkslh çeaMy
iwf.kZ;k çeaMy lg"kkZ e•kuk ¹iQkWDluVº
iwf.kZ;k eDdk vk/kfjr mRikn e/siqjk vke vk/kfjr mRikn
vjfj;k e•kuk ¹iQkWDluVº lqikSy e•kuk ¹iQkWDluVº
dfVgkj e•kuk ¹iQkWDluVº Hkkxyiqj çeaMy
fd'kuxat vukukl vk/kfjr mRikn
lkj.k çeaMy Hkkxyiqj tnkZyw vke
lkj.k VekVj vk/kfjr mRikn ckadk druhZ pkoy vk/kfjr mRiknA
fcgkj% Ñf"k jksMeSi

jksMeSi lEcaf/r rF;
igyk Ñf"k jksMeSi 2008 esa baæ/uq"k Økafr ykus ds fy, 'kq: fd;k x;k Fkk] tks Ñf"k]
ckxokuh] okfudh] xUuk] eRL; ikyu] eqxhZ ikyu vkSj i'kqikyu dk ,d vfHkUu fodkl
Ñf"k jksMeSi&1 dk;ZØe FkkA
¹2007&12º 2011&12 esa 81 yk• ehfVªd Vu (,eVh) dk mPpre pkoy mRiknu gkfly djus ds
fy, fcgkj jkT; dks Ñf"k deZ.k iqjLdkj ds lkFk gqvkA

blls cht {ks=k vkSj Ñf"k foLrkj esa Hkh ljkguh; çxfr gqbZA
bls rRdkyhu jk"Vªifr ç.kc eq•thZ us vDVwcj 2012 esa iVuk esa ykWUp fd;k FkkA
bl jksMeSi dk eq[; mís'; •k|kUu vkSj iks"k.k dh lqj{kk lqfuf'pr djuk vkSj fdlkuksa
Ñf"k jksMeSi&2
dh vk; esa o`f¼ djuk FkkA
¹2012&17º
blus xzkeh.k vkcknh dks Fkksd cktkjksa rd igqapus esa enn djus ds fy, lM+d dusfDVfoVh
ij fo'ks"k è;ku fn;k rkfd os lh/s viuh mit csp ldsaA

uoacj 2017 esa 2017&2022 dh vof/ ds fy, rRdkyhu jk"Vªifr jke ukFk dksfoan }kjk
Ñf"k jksMeSi&3 ¹2017&31 bldk vukoj.k fd;k x;k FkkA

ekpZ] 2023º ;g jksMeSi tSfod •srh ij fo'ks"k tksj nsrk gS] vkSj #i;s dh /ujkf'k çnku djrk gSA bl
pj.k ds fy, 1-54 yk• djksM+ #i;s vkoafVr fd;s x;s gSaA
jkT; esa Ñf"k (•srh) ds lokZaxh.k fodkl ds fy, jkT; ljdkj us 1 vçSy 2023 ls pkSFkk
Ñf"k jksMeSi ykxw fd;k gSA

blds rgr Ñf"k mit c<+kus ds fy, HkaMkj.k] çlaLdj.k {kerk] cht vkSj flapkbZ {kerk
Ñf"k jksMeSi&4 ¹1 vçSy]
dk foLrkj vkSj dbZ vU; lqfo/k,a c<+kdj fdlkuksa dh vk; c<+kbZ tk,xhA
2023&31 ekpZ] 2028Aº
fdlku tyok;q ifjorZu ls eqdkcyk djus esa Hkh l{ke gksaxsA
jkT; ljdkj vxys 5 lky ;kuh 2023 ls 2028 rd bu dk;ks± ij 162268-78 djksM+
#i;s •pZ djsxhA

jksMeSi lEcaf/r rF;
pkSFks Ñf"k jksMeSi esa feêðh ls ysdj euq"; rd ds LokLF; dks è;ku esa j•k x;k gSA
mUur •srh ds fy, jkT; esa 100 lhM gc LFkkfir fd;s tk;saxsA
20 cktjk gc gksaxsA
twV dh •srh vkSj xqM+ m|ksx dks c<+kok feysxk-
e`nk ,oa ty laj{k.k ij vuqla/ku ,oa çf'k{k.k ds fy, mRÑ"Vrk dsaæ LFkkfir fd;k
tk,xkA
xzkeh.k gkV fodflr djus dk çko/ku gksxk-
fcgkj% Ñf"k&tyok;q {ks=k
blesa 13 ftys 'kkfey gSaA

mÙkj if'pe tyks<+ eSnku {ks=k
;s ftys gSa if'peh paikj.k] iwohZ paikj.k] lhoku] lkj.k] xksikyxat] lhrke<h] f'kogj]
¹{ks=k Iº
oS'kkyh] e/qcuhA njHkaxk] eqtÝiQjiqj vkSj csxqljk;-
mÙkj iwoZ tyks<+ {ks=k ¹{ks=k IIº
;s ftys gSa •xfM+;k] iwf.kZ;k] dfVgkj] lgjlk] e/siqjk] vjfj;k] fd'kuxat vkSj lqikSy

nf{k.k if'peh tyks<+ {ks=k
;s ftys gSa jksgrkl] Hkkstiqj] dSewj] cDlj] dSewj] vjoy] iVuk] ukyank] uoknk]
(,) ¹tksu III (,)º
tgkukckn] vkSjaxkckn vkSj x;kA
nf{k.k iwohZ tyks<+ {ks=k (ch) blesa 6 ftys 'kkfey gSaA
¹tksu III (ch)º ;s ftys gSa 'ks•iqjk] eqaxsj] Hkkxyiqj] ckadk] teqbZ vkSj y•hljk;A

WALLAH
fcgkj% fuekZ.kk/hu NksVs ty fo|qr la;a=k
y?kq ty fo|qr la;a=kksa ds uke lac¼ ftyk
jkeiqj jksgrkl
uVoj jksgrkl
vesBh jksgrkl
igkjek jksgrkl
rstiqjk vkSjaxkckn
flik vkSjaxkckn
nsgjknwu vkSjaxkckn
eFkkSyh if'peh paikj.k
cM+oky if'peh paikj.k
jktkiqj lqikSy
oS/kn vjoy
fcgkj% FkeZy ikoj IykaV

fctyh la;a=kksa lac¼ ftys
dkafr fctyh mRiknu fuxe fyfeVsM eqtÝiQjiqj
,uVhihlh] uchuxj vkSjaxkckn
,uVhihlh] ck<+ iVuk
,uVhihlh] cjkSuh csxwljk;
,uVhihlh] dgyxkao Hkkxyiqj
pkSlk FkeZy ikoj IykaV cDlj
fcgkj% fofHkUu mRiknksa ds fy, mRÑ"Vrk dsaæ

mRÑ"Vrk dsaæ lac¼ LFkku
'kgn ckadk
e•kuk ¹iQkWDluVº njHkaxk
eksVs vukt ¹cktjk@Jh vUukº ¹VudqIik CykWdº] x;k
z ;g eksVs vukt ij Hkkjr dk igyk mRÑ"Vrk dsaæ gSA
iku dk iÙkk oS'kkyh

pk; vuqla/ku dsaæ fd'kuxat
fcgkj% çeq• laxzgky;

laxzgky; lac¼ LFkku
fcgkj laxzgky; iVuk
iVuk laxzgky; iVuk
;g fcgkj dk lcls iqjkuk laxzgky; gSA
1915 esa] iVuk esa rRdkyhu dfe'uj ds caxys esa ,d vLFkk;h iVuk laxzgky; 'kq:
fd;k x;k Fkk] tks vc ,,u flUgk fjlpZ baLVhVÔwV gSA

1925 esa] orZeku laxzgky; ds fy, iVuk& x;k jksM ij Hkwfe dh igpku dh xbZA
bl bekjr dk fMtkbu jk; cgknqj fc".kq Lo:i }kjk fd;k x;k FkkA
1928 esa bldk mn~?kkVu rRdkyhu xouZj lj áw ySalMkmu LVhiQsalu us fd;k FkkA
x;k laxzgky; x;k

ukjn laxzgky; uoknk
paæ/kjh laxzgky; njHkaxk
egkjktk dkes'oj flag laxzgky; njHkaxk
lhrkjeu mikè;k; laxzgky; cDlj
fcgkj'kjhiQ laxzgky; ukyUnk
jkepUæ 'kkgh laxzgky; eqtÝiQjiqj
nhi ukjk;.k flag laxzgky; oS'kkyh
fcgkj% egRoiw.kZ vf/fu;e

vf/fu;e vkSj rF; lEcaf/r rF;
fcgkj jktdks"kh; mÙkjnkf;Ro vkSj ctV çca/u vf/fu;e 2006
fcgkj iapk;rh jkt vf/fu;e 2006
fcgkj yksd lsokvksa dk vfèkdkj vf/fu;e 2011
fcgkj yksd f'kdk;r fuokj.k vf/dkj vf/fu;e 2015
5 twu] 2016 ls çHkkoh
fcgkj dk igyk vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2006&07
foÙk ea=kh ¶lq'khy eksnh¸ }kjkA
fcgkj esa cky ctfVax 2013&14 ls 'kq: gqvk-
fcgkj esa tsaMj ctfVax 2008&09 ls çkjaHk ¹Hkkjr esa 2005 lsº
gfjr ctV fcgkj 2020&21 ls xzhu ctV is'k djus okyk Hkkjr dk igyk
jkT; gSA
fcgkj% ty laj{k.k ;kstuk,a lqf•Z;ksa esa

;kstukvksa lac¼ ftys
xksjkSy flapkbZ ;kstuk njHkaxk
ckyw?kkV&cSjkt&flapkbZ&;kstuk e/qcuh
fcgqy flapkbZ ;kstuk e/qcuh
eykbZ cSjkt jksgrkl
;g cDlj vkSj Hkkstiqj ftyksa dks flapkbZ dk ikuh miyC/
djkus ds fy, dksaM unh ij gSA

tSriqjk iEi ugj ;kstuk dSewj ftyk
eksgus unh ;kstuk x;k
mnsjkLFkku cjkt ;kstuk fcgkj'kjhiQ] ukyank

WALLAH
fcgkj% iwoZ&bfrgkl LFky
iqjkik"kk.kdkyhu LFky eqaxsj esa iSljk
Hkkxyiqj
vacjiqj
eè; ik"kk.k LFky <yrkSj
jktkiks•j
eqaxsj esa iSljk
lkj.k ftys esa fpjkan
çFke uoik"kk.k laLÑfrA

xaxk unh ds ck,a rV ij fLFkr gSA
uoik"kk.k LFky oS'kkyh esa pspj
jksgrkl esa lsuqokj
iVuk ds eusj
cks/x;k esa rkjkMhgA
fcgkj% ;wjksih; yksxksa dk vkxeu

;wjksih; daifu;k¡ lEcaf/r rF;
iqrZxkyh os fcgkj esa ços'k djus okyh igyh ;wjksih; daiuh FkhaA
gqxyh esa viuk dkj•kuk LFkkfir fd;k ¹bldk mi;ksx pksjh ds fy, fd;kº vkSj
O;kikj ds fy, vDlj iVuk vkrs jgsA

fcgkj lwrh oL=k] 'kksjk vkSj uhy ds fy, çfl¼ FkkA
os lwrh oL=kksa dh çtkfr;ksa dk O;kikj djrs FksA
1620 esa iVuk esa vkyexat esa viuk dkj•kuk LFkkfir fd;kA
mudh eq[; #fp ¶lkWYVihVj¸ Fkh ftldh ;wjksih; cktkj esa cgqr ekax FkhA
fczfV'k bZLV bafM;k daiuh
xqytkjckx fLFkr daiuh dh iQSDVªh dks ljdkjh fçafVax çsl esa rCnhy dj fn;k
x;k gS-
Mp 1632 esa orZeku ¶iVuk dkWyst¸ ds mÙkjh Hkkx esa viuk dkj•kuk LFkkfir fd;kA
nkfu'k 1774 esa iVuk ds usikyh dksBh esa viuk dkj•kuk LFkkfir fd;kA
fcgkj% •cjksa esa vfHk;ku

egRoiw.kZ vfHk;ku lEcaf/r rF;
bls fcgkj ds LokLF; foHkkx }kjk ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA
lkl&cgw vfHk;ku
mís';% tkx:drk ds ekè;e ls ifjokj fu;kstu vkSj tula[;k fLFkjhdj.k dks c<+kok nsukA
LokLF; foHkkx ls tqM+s gSaA

fe'ku 60
bldk mís'; fcgkj ds ftyk vLirkyksa dk uohuhdj.k djuk gSA
LokLF; foHkkx ls lac¼A

fe'ku xq.koÙkk
mís';% fcgkj ds ftyk vLirkyksa esa fpfdRlk ç.kkfy;ksa vkSj lacaf/r eqíksa esa lq/kjA

egRoiw.kZ vfHk;ku lEcaf/r rF;
bldh 'kq#vkr iVuk uxj fuxe us dhA
esjk 'kgj esjh ftEesnkjh
?kj&?kj tkdj liQkbZ vkSj tkx:drk vfHk;ku ij iQksdl gSA
¹esjk 'kgj esjh tokcnsghº
bls iVuk uxj fuxe }kjk cktkjksa esa xhys vkSj lw•s dpjs dks vyx djus ds ckjs esa
pdkpd vfHk;ku
tkx:drk iSnk djus ds fy, ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA
fcgkj% esys@R;ksgkj
eyekl esyk jkftj] ukyank
Fkkos egksRlo xksikyxat
bldk mn~?kkVu tqykbZ] 2023 esa lh,e uhrh'k dqekj us iVuk esa fd;k FkkA
ou egksRlo
vxys 3 eghuksa esa 4 djksM+ ikS/s yxkdj jkT; esa gfjr vkoj.k c<+kukA
cktjk egksRlo Hkkstiqj
vke (vke) egksRlo iVuk
fcgkj% iqjLdkj vkSj lEeku

iqjLdkj vkSj lEeku lEcaf/r rF;
MkW- fxz;lZu iqjLdkj eSfFkyh vkSj ex/h tSlh fcgkj dh yksdHkk"kk esa fy•h iqLrdksa ds
fy, iqjLÑr fd;k x;kA

MkW- iQknj dyhe cqYds iqjLdkj ukVd] miU;kl] 'kks/] HkfÙkQ lkfgR; ;k ewy ek=kk dh vkykspukRed
ç'kalk tSls fo"k;ksa ij fganh esa fy•h xbZ dforkvksa ds fy,A

fHk•kjh Bkdqj iqjLdkj Hkkstiqjh Hkk"kk esa fy•h iqLrdksa ds fy,A
fHk•kjh Bkdqj dks ¶Hkkstiqjh dk 'ksDlfi;j¸ dgk tkrk gSA
jkec`{k csuhiqjh iqjLdkj ukVd vkSj eapA
MkW- lfPpnkuan flUgk iqjLdkj dkuwu lkfgR;A
fo/k;d dfo iqjLdkj jkT; Hkk"kk esa fofHkUu igyqvksa ij fy•h xbZ fganh iqLrdsaA
fo|kifr iqjLdkj yksd lkfgR; fgUnh esa fy•k x;kA
vk;Z Hkêð iqjLdkj foKku
pk.kD; iqjLdkj jktuhfr foKku
xksiky flag usikyh iqjLdkj uoxhr
iQ.kh'oj ukFk js.kw iqjLdkj lkfgR;
jk"Vªh; dfo fnudj iqjLdkj lkfgR;
egknsoh oekZ iqjLdkj lkfgR;A
vejukFk >k iqjLdkj cky lkfgR;
jk/k eksgu iqjLdkj lelkef;d dyk,¡
lhrk nsoh iqjLdkj yksd dyk,¡
dqeqn 'kekZ iqjLdkj efgyk dykdkj

WALLAH
fcgkj% egRoiw.kZ fudk;@,tsafl;k¡@çkf/dj.k
fudk;@,tsafl;ka@çkfèkdj.k lEcaf/r rF;
bldk xBu 1958 esa fo|qr (vkiwfrZ) vf/fu;e] 1948 dh èkkjk 5
fcgkj jkT; fo|qr cksMZ
ds rgr fd;k x;k FkkA
bldk xBu 1974 esa fcgkj vkS|ksfxd {ks=k fodkl vfèkfu;e] 1974
ds çko/kuksa ds rgr fd;k x;k FkkA

;g jkT; esa vkS|ksxhdj.k dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, dke djrk gSA
fcgkj vkS|ksfxd {ks=k fodkl çkf/dj.k
eq[; Hkwfedk vko';d cqfu;knh <kaps ds fodkl ds lkFk vkS|ksfxd
¹chvkbZ,Mh,º
bdkb;ksa ds fy, fuos'kdksa dks vkoafVr dh tkus okyh Hkwfe dk vf/
xzg.k djuk gSA
blds pkj {ks=kh; dk;kZy; iVuk] njHkaxk] eqtÝiQjiqj vkSj Hkkxyiqj esa gSaA
fcgkj jkT; nqX/ lgdkjh la?k [COMFED] bldh LFkkiuk 1983 esa gqbZ FkhA
bldh LFkkiuk 2003 esa gqbZ FkhA

fcgkj xzkeh.k lM+d fodkl ,tsalh
;g ç/kuea=kh xzke lHkk ;kstuk ds rgr uksMy ,tsalh gSA
lM+dksa ds csgrj j•j•ko dks lqfuf'pr djus ds fy, bls 2013 esa
fcgkj lM+d lalk/u laj{k.k ,tsalh
ykxw fd;k x;k FkkA
BREDA ;kuh fcgkj uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ fodkl ,tsalh dh LFkkiuk
xSj&ikjaifjd ÅtkZ lzksrksa ij ;kstukvksa ds fodkl dks c<+kok nsus ds

fy, dh xbZ gSA
fcgkj uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ fodkl ,tsalh
;g çeq• laxBuksa esa ls ,d gS vkSj uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ fodkl vkSj ÅtkZ
laj{k.k ds {ks=k esa dke dj jgk gS vkSj 1987 esa lkslk;Vh iathdj.k
1860 vfèkfu;e ds rgr iathÑr gSA


fcgkj% vH;kl ds fy, ,elhD;w
lsV&1 6. tux.kuk 2011 ds vuqlkj] Hkkjr vkSj fcgkj dh 'kgjhdj.k

nj ds chp D;k varj gS\
1. fcgkj dk fcgku ,fIyds'ku gky gh esa •cjksa esa FkkA ;g
(a) 19-9»
fuEufyf•r esa ls fdlls lEcaf/r gS\
(b) 18-9»
(a) ckxokuh
(c) 18-7»
(b) Ñf"k
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d
(c) çkÑfrd lalk/u çca/u
7. fcgkj ljdkj dk bZ&ykWV~l iksVZy fuEufyf•r esa ls fdlls
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d lac¼ gS\
2. fcgkj dk fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk ftyk uhfr vk;ksx (a) LokLF;
ds vkdka{kh ftyk dk;ZØe dk fgLlk ugha gS\ (b) f'k{kk
(a) oS'kkyh (c) Ñf"k
(b) x;k (d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d
(c) vjfj;k 8. ctV 2022&23 ds vuqlkj] Ng 'kgjksa dks ekWMy Vkmu ds
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d :i esa fodflr fd;k tk,xkA fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu&lk
3. fcgkj dk og ftyk ftlds ¶ekpkZ pkoy¸ dks thvkbZ 6 'kgjksa dk fgLlk ugha gS\
VSx feyk gS] mldh lhek fuEufyf•r esa ls fdlds lkFk (a) eqtÝiQjiqj
yxrh gS\ (b) eqaxsj
(a) mÙkj çns'k (c) leLrhiqj
(b) usiky (d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d
(c) >kj•aM 9. dq'ks'oj LFkku i{kh vHk;kj.; fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d çeaMy esa fLFkr gS\
(a) dkslh çeaMy
4. fcgkj ds fdrus çeaMyksa esa Ng ftys 'kkfey gSa\
(b) frjgqr çeaMy
(a) 4
(c) iVuk çeaMy
(b) 5
(d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA
(c) 2
10. jk"Vªh; •k| lqj{kk vf/fu;e ds fy, jkT; jSafdax ds
igys laLdj.k esa fcgkj 7 osa LFkku ij FkkA baMsDl esa
5. fn, x, fodYiksa esa ls dkSu lk tksM+k lgh lqesfyr gS\ fcgkj dk Ldksj D;k Fkk\
(a) ,uVhihlh dgyxkao% Hkkxyiqj (a) 0-846
(b) ,uVhihlh uchuxj% vkSjaxkckn (b) 0-836
(c) ,uVhihlh cjkSuh% csxwljk; (c) 0-783
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d (d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d
11. pkSFks jk"Vªh; ty iqjLdkj esa ¶loZJs"B jkT; Js.kh¸ esa 17. fcgkj dk ¶n`f"V¸ ,fIyds'ku fuEufyf•r esa ls fdlls
fcgkj dk LFkku D;k gS\ lacaf/r gS\
(a) nwljk (a) fuxjkuh çca/u
(b) rhljk (b) jkstxkj l`tu
(c) pkSFkh (c) ck<+ ,oa flapkbZ ;kstuk dh fuxjkuh
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d (d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d
12. fcgkj esa iksfB;k vkSj Bkdqjxat fdlds fy, çfl¼ gSa\
18. ¶fcgkj Ñf"k&fuos'k çksRlkgu uhfr¸ ds varxZr fdrus
(a) e•kus dh •srh
iQksdl mRikn 'kkfey gSa\
(b) pk; dh •srh
(a) 7
(c) ekpkZ pkoy dh •srh
(b) 8
13. fcgkj ds fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl ftys esa jkT; ds igys (c) 9
tSo&'kkSpky; dk mn~?kkVu fd;k x;k gS\ (d) 10
(a) Hkkxyiqj 19. vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj] Øe'k% iq#"k vkSj
(b) iVuk efgyk Jfed dh çfrfnu vkSlr dekbZ D;k gS\
(c) x;k (a) 450 #i;s vkSj 375 #i;s-
(b) 378 #i;s vkSj 248 #i;s
14. lckSj Jh gky gh esa •cjksa esa gS
(c) 338 #i;s vkSj 244 #i;s
(a) /ku dk •sr
(d) 380 #i;s vkSj 275 #i;s
(b) xsgw¡
(c) eDdk 20. fcgkj dks _________ ds çeks'ku ds fy, CSI fufgysaV
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d vokMZ feyk gS\
15. ¶fcgkj fnol¸ ds laca/ esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk@ (a) bZ okguksa
ls dFku lgh gS@gSa\ (b) bZ&'kklu
1- 22 ekpZ 2023 dks fcgkj us viuk 111 oka LFkkiuk (c) ok;q çnw"k.k esa deh
fnol euk;kA
2- ;g 1936 esa fcgkj vkSj vksfM'kk ds foHkktu dh ;kn
esa euk;k tkrk gSA 21. CAAQMS fcgkj esa fofHkUu LFkkuksa ij LFkkfir fd;k x;k
3- ¶fcgkj fnol¸] 2023 dk fo"k; ¶vkRefuHkZj fcgkj¸ gSA lh,,D;w,e,l dk mís'; D;k gS\
gSA (a) ekSle iwokZuqeku esa lq/kj djus ds fy,
(a) dsoy 1 lgh gS (b) ok;q çnw"k.k dks fu;af=kr djus ds fy,
(b) dsoy 1 vkSj 2 lgh gSa (c) ;krk;kr çca/u
(c) dsoy 1 vkSj 3 lgh gSa
22. fcgkj ds fdrus LFkyksa dks ;wusLdks ds fo'o /jksgj LFkyksa
16. eksVs vukt ij Hkkjr dk igyk mRÑ"Vrk dsaæ dgka cusxk
esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k gS\
_________\
(a) dkfnjkckn] njHkaxk (a) 3
(b) pkSlk] cDlj (b) 4

(c) VudqIik] x;k (c) 6
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d (d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA
fcgkj% vH;kl ds fy, ,elhD;w 75

23. vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj fcgkj esa lcls de 29. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl o"kZ esa] fcgkj iapk;rh jkt
çfr O;fÙkQ ldy jkT; ?kjsyw mRikn okyk ftyk gS\ vfèkfu;e ykxw fd;k x;k Fkk\
(a) tux.kuk 2011 ds vuqlkj lokZf/d tula[;k ?kuRo (a) 1992
okyk ftykA (b) 1993
(b) og ftyk tgk¡ ¶yksVk foæksg¸ gqvk FkkA (c) 1994
(c) og ftyk tgka inkZ çFkk fojks/h vkanksyu çkjaHk gqvkA (d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/dA
30. uhps vkosnu vkSj lacaf/r foHkkx fn, x, gSaA xyr feyku
24. fcgkj esa euk, tkus okys fo'ks"k fnu uhps fn, x, gSaA dk p;u djsaA
xyr feyku <wa<saA (a) lathouh ,Iyhds'ku% LokLF; foHkkx
(a) i`Foh fnol% 9 vxLr
(b) lqfo/k ,Iyhds'ku% ÅtkZ foHkkx
(b) fcgkj es/k fnol% 3 fnlacj
(c) pØ vkosnu% jktLo ,oa Hkwfe lq/kj foHkkx
(c) fcgkj 'kghn fnol% 15 iQjojh
(d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ugha
31. uhps ftys vkSj muds eq[;ky; fn, x, gSaA lgh feyku
25. ¶dkcZu rVLFk fLFkfr¸ çkIr djus ds fy, fcgkj ljdkj
pqusaA
}kjk fu/kZfjr y{; o"kZ D;k gS\
(a) dSewj% lklkjke
(a) 2030
(b) jksgrkl% HkHkqvk
(b) 2040
(c) ukyUnk% jktxhj
(c) 2070
(d) 2060
32. fcgkj jkT; ls fuEufyf•r esa ls fdls çfrf"Br ¶iÁ Jh
26. fcgkj ds Hkkxyiqj esa fetkZxkao {ks=k gky gh esa •cjksa esa
iqjLdkj 2023¸ ds fy, pquk x;k gS\
FkkA ;g blds fy, çfl¼ gS ____________\
(a) vkuan dqekj
(a) LiQrh;
(b) Jh dfiy nso çlkn
(b) vHkzd
(c) lqHkæk nsoh
(c) dks;yk
(d) lksuk
33. rhljs laLdj.k esa dukZVd 'kh"kZ ij jgkA bl lwpdkad esa
27. fcgkj ds djdVx<+ ,oa rsygj tyçikr dks bdks&i;ZVu
fcgkj dk LFkku D;k Fkk\
LFky ds :i esa fodflr fd;k tk,xkA os fcgkj ds ml
ftys esa fLFkr gSa tks lqf•Z;ksa esa Fkk ____________\ (a) 15 oha
(a) fcgkj dk nwljk Vkbxj fjtoZ (b) 16 oha
(b) ISFR 2021 ds vuqlkj lcls cM+k ou vkoj.k okyk (c) 18 oha
ftyk (d) 17 ok¡
(c) bdks&loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj vf/dre xsgwa 34. Hkkjr jkT; ou fjiksVZ] 2021 ds vuqlkj] fcgkj esa ou
mRikndrk vkoj.k HkkSxksfyd {ks=k dk 7-84» gSA fcgkj dk fuEufyf•r
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d esa ls dkSu lk ftyk ¶cgqr ?kus ou vkoj.k¸ Js.kh esa
28. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk xyr lqesfyr gS\ 'kh"kZ ij gS\
(a) Hkkjr dk igyk i'kq foKku fo'ofo|ky;% iVuk (a) if'peh paikj.k
(b) fo'o dk lcls Å¡pk jkek;.k eafnj% if'peh paikj.k (b) dSewj
(c) fcgkj dk igyk tSo&fofo/rk ikdZ% vjfj;k (c) jksgrkl
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d (d) teqbZ

WALLAH
35. Mqaxs'ojh ioZr ij Hkxoku cq¼ vkSj Hkxoku fo".kq dh cM+h 41. uhps fcgkj dh >hysa vkSj >jus fn, x, gSa tks gky gh
ewfrZ;k¡ LFkkfir dh tk,axhA ;g ioZr fcgkj ds fdl ftys esa •cjksa esa FksA xyr tksM+h dk p;u djsaA
esa fLFkr gS\ (a) rqryk Hkokuh% jksgrkl
(a) if'peh paikj.k (b) ddksyr tyçikr% uoknk
(b) eqaxsj (c) •M+xiqj >hy% eqaxsj
(c) x;k (d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA
(d) iVuk eqgEen dqyh dqrqc 'kkg 42. vkfFkZd&loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj] fuEufyf•r esa ls
36. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk fcgkj dh çeq• ;kstuk ¶lkr dkSu lk ftyk fcgkj esa ½.k&tek vuqikr esa 'kh"kZ ij
fu'p;&Hkkx 2¸ dk çko/ku ugha gS\ gS\
(a) ;qok 'kfÙkQ fcgkj dh çxfr (a) iwf.kZ;k
(b) lqyHk laidZ (b) eqaxsj
(c) vkjf{kr jkstxkj efgykvksa dk vf/dkj (c) vjfj;k
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d (d) fd'kuxat
37. tux.kuk 2011 ds vuq l kj Hkkjr vkS j fcgkj ds 43. uhps fcgkj ds jkT; fpÉ fn, x, gSaA fn, x, fodYiksa
¶fyaxkuqikr¸ esa D;k varj gS\ esa ls lgh feyku dk p;u djsaA
(a) 16 (a) jkT; i{kh% ?kjsyw xkSjS;k
(b) 25 (b) jkT; iq"i% xsank
(c) 36 (c) jkT; o`{k% ihiy
(d) 38 (d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d
38. vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj] çfr O;fÙkQ vk; 44. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk lajf{kr {ks=k vkSj lacaf/r ftyk
ds ekeys esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk ftyk Øe'k% xyr lqesfyr gS\
nwljs vkSj rhljs LFkku ij gS\ (a) mn;iqj oU;tho vHk;kj.;% if'pe paikj.k
(a) iVuk vkSj eqaxsj (b) Hkhecka/ oU;tho vHk;kj.;% eqaxsj
(b) eqaxsj vkSj eqtÝiQjiqj (c) daoj >hy i{kh vHk;kj.;% y•hljk;
(c) csxqljk; vkSj eqaxsj (d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA
(d) csxwljk; vkSj teqbZ 45. fHk•kjh Bkdqj dks Hkkstiqjh dk 'ksDlfi;j dgk tkrk gSA
39. fcgkj dh fo/ku lHkk esa SC vkSj ST ds fy, vkjf{kr fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk fodYi lgh lqesfyr gS\
lhVksa dh la[;k esa fdruk varj gS\ (a) MkW JhÑ".k flag% fcgkj dsljh
(a) 38 (b) MkW vuqxzg ukjk;.k flUgk% fcgkj fcHkwfr
(b) 42 (c) fo|kifr% fcgkj dksfdy
(c) 34 (d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA
(d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA 46. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk ftyk mu ftyksa ds lgh la;kstu
40. ok¡ ftyk fcgkj ds fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl çeaMy esa dk çfrfuf/Ro djrk gS tgka Øe'k% eksVs vukt vkSj iku
fLFkr gS\ dh csy ij mRÑ"Vrk dsaæ fodflr fd;k tk,xk\
(a) eqaxsj çeaMy (a) ukyUnk vkSj eqaxsj
(b) iwf.kZ;k çeaMy (b) x;k vkSj oS'kkyh
(c) dkslh çeaMy (c) dfVgkj vkSj uoknk
(d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ugha (d) teqbZ vkSj uoknk

47. fcgkj ljdkj dk ¶BeFIQR¸ ,fIyds'ku fuEufyf•r esa 49. Hkkjrh; ou jkT; fjiksVZ 2021 ds vuqlkj] fuEufyf•r esa ls
ls fdlls lacaf/r gS\ fdl ftys us ou vkoj.k esa vf/dre o`f¼ ntZ dh gS\
(a) ijkyh çca/u (a) dSewj
(b) ck<+ ,oa lw•k çca/u (b) if'peh paikj.k
(c) vkijkf/d VªSfdax ,fIyds'ku
(c) ckadk
(d) teqbZ
48. dsoh paæu dks gky gh esa iVuk mPp U;k;ky; dk u;k
eq[; U;k;k/h'k fu;qÙkQ fd;k x;k gSA blls igys] mUgksaus 50. fcgkj ds fdrus ftyksa dk tula[;k ?kuRo 1400 O;fÙkQ@
oxZ fdeh ls vf/d gS\
_________ ds U;k;k/h'k ds :i esa dk;Z fd;k Fkk\
(a) 8 ftys
(a) dukZVd mPp U;k;ky;
(b) dsjy mPp U;k;ky; (b) 9 ftys
(c) cacbZ mPp U;k;ky; (c) 10 ftys
(d) fnYyh mPp U;k;ky; (d) 18 ftys
mÙkjekyk
1. (d) 11. (b) 21. (b) 31. (d) 41. (d)
2. (a) 12. (b) 22. (d) 32. (d) 42. (a)
3. (d) 13. (b) 23. (a) 33. (a) 43. (d)
4. (d) 14. (a) 24. (d) 34. (a) 44. (c)
5. (d) 15. (a) 25. (b) 35. (c) 45. (d)
6. (a) 16. (c) 26. (c) 36. (c) 46. (b)
7. (b) 17. (c) 27. (d) 37. (b) 47. (b)
8. (c) 18. (a) 28. (b) 38. (c) 48. (b)
9. (d) 19. (c) 29. (d) 39. (d) 49. (c)
10. (c) 20. (b) 30. (c) 40. (d) 50. (c)
lsV&2 3. ¶fe'ku 60¸] ¶fe'ku DokfyVh¸ vkSj ¶lkl&cgw&csVh

vfHk;ku¸ tSls vfHk;ku fcgkj ds ,d foHkkx ls tqM+s gSaA
1. fcgkj dk igyk vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2006&07 esa çLrqr fd;k ml foHkkx ds orZeku çHkkjh ea=kh dkSu gSa\
x;k FkkA vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 laLdj.k Fkk\
(a) rstçrki ;kno
(a) 16 oka
(b) vkyksd dqekj esgrk
(b) 18 oka
(c) dqekj loZthr
(c) 15 oka
2. fcgkj ds fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl ftys esa ¶gkFkh cpko 4. fcgkj ctV 2023&24 ds ekè;e ls /u vkoaVu ds
,oa iquokZl dsaæ¸ LFkkfir fd;k x;k gS\ vuqlkj foHkkxksa dk lgh Øe dkSu lk gS\
(a) dSewj (a) f'k{kk] LokLF;] xzkeh.k fodkl
(b) if'peh paikj.k (b) f'k{kk] xzkeh.k fodkl] LokLF;
(c) x;k (c) LokLF;] f'k{kk] xzkeh.k fodkl
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d (d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA

WALLAH
5. fn, x, fodYiksa esa ls dkSu lk tksM+k lgh lqesfyr gS\ 11. VkVk VªLV us gky gh esa ¶bafM;k tfLVl fjiksVZ 2022¸
(a) fcgkj dh igyh cSMfeaVu vdkneh% Hkkxyiqj tkjh dh] ftlesa dukZVd 'kh"kZ ij gSA bl fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj
(b) Hkkjr dk igyk fo|qr laxzgky; ifjlj% iVuk
fcgkj dh jSad D;k Fkh\
(a) 19 oka
(c) fcgkj dk nwljk MkWIyj jMkj% iwf.kZ;k
(b) 16 oka
(c) 15 oka
6. uhfr vk;ksx ds cgqvk;keh xjhch lwpdkad 2022 ds (d) 11 oka
vuqlkj] fcgkj dh fdruh çfr'kr vkcknh xjhc gS\
12. uohure Hkkjr jkT; ou fjiksVZ] 2021 ds vuqlkj] U;wure
(a) 51-90» ou vkoj.k ds ekeys esa fcgkj ds ftyksa dk lgh Øe
(b) 33-90» dkSu lk gS\
(c) 33-76» (a) 'ks•iqjk] vjoy] tgkukckn
(d) 33-5» (b) vjoy] tgkukckn] 'ks•iqjk
(c) 'ks•iqjk] tgkukckn] vjoy
7. ¶DykbesV psat yfuZax ySç fcgkj esa fuEufyf•r esa ls
fdl LFkku ij LFkkfir fd;k x;k gS\ (d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d
(a) okfYedh jk"Vªh; m|ku 13. vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj] jk"Vªh; jktekxks±
(b) iVuk fpfM+;k?kj dh Øe'k% vf/dre vkSj U;wure yackbZ okys ftyksa dk
lgh la;kstu dkSu lk gS\
(c) Hkhecka/ oU;tho vHk;kj.;
(a) iVuk vkSj f'kogj
(b) x;k vkSj vjoy
8. vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj] mu ftyksa dk
(c) if'peh paikj.k vkSj 'ks•iqjk
lgh la;kstu dkSu lk gS tks Øe'k% xsgwa ds mRiknu vkSj
mRikndrk esa 'kh"kZ ij gSa\ (d) iVuk vkSj teqbZ
(a) jksgrkl vkSj if'peh paikj.k 14. fcgkj ds fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl ftys esa jkT; dk lcls
(b) dfVgkj vkSj vjfj;k cM+k CyM cSad LFkkfir fd;k tk,xk\
(a) ftl ftys dh 'kkgh yhph dks thvkbZ VSx feyk gSA
(c) jksgrkl vkSj csxqljk;
(b) og ftyk tgka ukxh udVh cka/ oU;tho vHk;kj.;
(d) jksgrkl vkSj eqtÝiQjiqj
fLFkr gSA
9. fcgkj ljdkj dk bZ&fu'p; iksVZy fuEufyf•r esa ls
(c) 2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj og ftyk tgka cky
fdlls lEcaf/r gS\ fyaxkuqikr lcls de gSA
(a) ;{ek (d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/dA
(b) iapk;rh jkt foHkkx
15. fcgkj ds ,d ftys ds efgyk Fkkus dks 5 tuojh] 2023
(c) foÙk foHkkx dks Hkkjr ds 'kh"kZ 3 iqfyl LVs'kuksa esa pquk x;k gSA ftys
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d ds ckjs esa lgh dFku dk p;u djsaA
10. fcgkj ds fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl ftys esa igyh ckj 1- Hkkjr dk 38 ok¡ ftyk gSA
egkik"kk.k LFkyksa dk nLrkosthdj.k fd;k x;k Fkk\ 2- vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj ;gka lcls de
(a) og ftyk tgka igyk ekWMy iq"iÑf"k dsaæ cuk;k tk ckfj'k gqbZ gSA
jgk gSA 3- ;g fcgkj ds ex/ fMohtu dk fgLlk gSA
(b) og ftyk tgka igyk exjePN laj{k.k LFky cuk;k (a) dsoy 1 lgh gS
tk,xkA (b) dsoy 1 vkSj 2 lgh gSa
(c) og ftyk tgka vks<+uh cka/ fLFkr gSA (c) dsoy 1] 2 vkSj 3 lgh gSa
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/dA (d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d

16. dsæa ljdkj us vkdka{kh ftyk dk;ZØe dh rtZ ij vkdka{kh 21. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk xyr lqesfyr gS\
CykWd dk;ZØe 'kq: fd;k gSA fcgkj ls fdrus CykWdksa dk (a) fcgkj dk lcls cM+k vkS|ksfxd ikdZ% x;k
p;u fd;k x;k gS\ (b) fcgkj dk igyk ckal m|ku% cks/x;k
(a) 40@500
(c) fcgkj dk igyk •sy fo'ofo|ky;% jktxhj
(b) 61@500
(c) 87@500
22. eè; çns'k esa vk;ksftr ¶•syks ;wFk bafM;k xsEl 2023¸
esa fcgkj us fdrus ind thrs\
17. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl jkT; us ç/ku ea=kh dh lw{e •k|
(a) 3
çlaLdj.k m|eksa ds vkSipkfjdhdj.k ¹ih,e ,iQ,ebZº
(b) 4
;kstuk dks ykxw djus esa ns'k esa igyk LFkku gkfly fd;k
gS\ (c) 7
(a) mÙkj çns'kA (d) 10
(b) egkjk"Vª 23. fcgkj ls fuEufyf•r esa ls fdlus ¶Ýyksjsal ukbfVaxsy
(c) rfeyukMq iqjLdkj 2023¸ thrk gS\
(d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA (a) cfcrk xqIrk
18. fcgkj dk HkkSxksfyd {ks=kiQy 94]163 oxZ fd-eh- gSA (b) eSfFkyh Bkdqj
fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk dFku xyr gS\ (c) xk;=kh dqekjh
(a) fcgkj dk iwoZ&if'pe foLrkj mÙkj&nf{k.k foLrkj ls (d) lquhrk flag
vf/d gSA
24. uhps in vkSj muds /kjd fn, x, gSaA lgh feyku •kstsaA
(b) /kjokM+ dh pêðkusa eqaxsj] teqbZ vkSj uoknk esa ikbZ
tkrh gSaA (a) fcgkj fo/ku lHkk ds 17 osa vè;{k% vo/ fcgkjh
(c) fcgkj dk {ks=kiQy Hkkjr ds {ks=kiQy dk 2-86» gSA pkS/jh
(d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA (b) 12 osa lHkkifr% nsos'k paæ Bkdqj
19. vaxqÙkj fudk; ,d ckS¼ xzaFk gS ftlesa 16 egktuinksa dh (c) fcgkj ds egkf/oÙkQk% ihds 'kkgh
lwph dk mYys• gSA ftuesa ls fdrus fcgkj esa fLFkr Fks\ (d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d
(a) fcgkj esa Ñf"k&tyok;q {ks=kksa dh la[;k ds cjkcjA 25. uhps ¶fcgkj ljdkj ds y{;¸ vkSj muds y{; o"kZ fn,
(b) dkslh çeaMy esa ftyksa dh la[;k ds cjkcjA x, gSaA xyr feyku <wa<sa-
(c) xaxk ds fdukjs cls fcgkj ds ftyksa dh la[;k ds
(a) 100» lk{kjrk gkfly djus dk y{;% 2030
cjkcjA
(b) {k; jksx dk mUewyu% 2025
(c) ,M~l vkSj gsisVkbfVl dk mUewyu% 2030A
20. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk dFku ml ftys ds ckjs esa
xyr gS tgka çkjafHkd ik"kk.k ;qx LFky ¶iSljk¸ fLFkr (d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA
gS\ 26. 2021&22 esa fcgkj dk fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk ftyk
(a) ;g ftyksa dh çfr O;fÙkQ th,lMhih ds ekeys esa eDdk mRiknu esa 'kh"kZ ij jgk\
nwljs LFkku ij gSA
(a) dfVgkj
(b) 2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj fcgkj esa fyaxkuqikr
(b) iwf.kZ;k
lcls de gSA
(c) Hkhecka/ oU;tho vHk;kj.; ftys esa fLFkr gSA (c) •xfj;k
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/dA (d) eqaxsj

WALLAH
27. fcgkj ds pkSFks Ñf"k jksMeSi dh vof/ dks lgh <ax ls 33. lsaVj iQkWj lkbal ,aM ,uok;juesaV ds ¶Hkkjr ds i;kZoj.k
n'kkZrk gS \ dh fLFkfr 2023¸ ds vuqlkj i;kZoj.k laj{k.k esa fcgkj
(a) 1 tuojh 2023 ls 1 tuojh 2028 rdA dk jSad D;k gS% vkadM+ksa esa\
(b) 1 vçSy 2023 ls 31 ekpZ 2028 rdA (a) 25 oka
(b) 26 oka
(c) 31 ekpZ 2023 ls 1 vçSy 2028 rdA
(c) 27 oka
(d) 29 oka
28. uhps 2021&22 esa fcgkj dh iQlysa vkSj 'kh"kZ mRiknd
34. 2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj] fcgkj ds fuEufyf•r esa
ftys fn, x, gSaA lgh feyku pqusaA ls fdl ftys esa efgyk lk{kjrk nj lcls de gS\
(a) /ku% jksgrkl (a) iwf.kZ;k
(b) nygu% iVuk (b) lgjlk
(c) xUuk% if'peh paikj.k (c) e/siqjk
(d) [kxfM+;k
35. vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj fcgkj esa jk"Vªh;
29. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdl frfFk dks fcgkj esa ¶eq[;ea=kh
jktekxks± dh yackbZ fdruh gS\
xzkeh.k lksyj LVªhV ykbV¸ ;kstuk 'kq: dh xbZ Fkh\ (a) 5977 fd-eh
(a) 27 uoacj 2022 (b) 7070 fd-eh
(b) 21 vDVwcj 2022 (c) 5685 fd-eh
(c) 15 flracj] 2022 (d) 6078 fd-eh
(d) 15 uoEcj 2022 36. fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu Øe'k% tux.kuk 2011 vkSj vkfFkZd
loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj fcgkj dh 'kgjhdj.k nj
30. uhps egksRlo vkSj lacaf/r ftys fn, x, gSaA lgh feyku dks lgh <ax ls n'kkZrk gS\
pqusaA (a) 11-3» vkSj 15-2»
(a) Fkkos egksRlo% xksikyxat (b) 11-2» vkSj 31-2»
(b) cktjk egksRlo% Hkkstiqj (c) 11-3» vkSj 16-2»A
(c) vke egksRlo% iVuk (d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA
(d) mijksÙkQ esa ls ,d ls vf/d 37. 2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj Hkkjr vkSj fcgkj ds
31. uhps •cjksa esa igkfM+;k¡ vkSj mudk LFkku fn;k x;k gSA ¶tula[;k ?kuRo¸ ds chp D;k varj gS\
lgh feyku pqusaA (a) 728
(a) eqaMs'ojh igkfM+;k¡% dSewj (b) 726

(c) 730
(b) ok.kkoj igkM+h% tgkukckn
(c) çsrf'kyk vkSj Mqaxs'ojh igkfM+;k¡% x;k
38. vkfFkZ d loZ s { k.k 2022&23 ds vuq l kj] fcgkj dh
vFkZO;oLFkk ds {ks=k vkSj fcgkj ds ldy jkT; ?kjsyw
32. vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 ds vuqlkj fcgkj esa çfr O;fÙkQ mRikn esa mudk ;ksxnku uhps fn;k x;k gSA xyr feyku
fctyh dh •ir fdruh gS\ <wa<saA
(a) 359 KWh (a) çkFkfed {ks=k% 21-2»
(b) 329 KWh (b) f}rh;d {ks=k% 18-1»
(c) 349 KWh (c) r`rh;d {ks=k% 60-7»
(d) 395 KWh (d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA

39. Hkkjrh; ou jkT; fjiksVZ] 2021 ds vuqlkj] fcgkj esa ou 45. ¶banq çHkk flag¸ ds ckjs esa fuEufyf•r esa ls dkSu lk
,oa o`{k vkoj.k dk dqy çfr'kr fdruk gS\ dFku xyr gS\
(a) 7-84» (a) og iVuk mPp U;k;ky; dh igyh efgyk U;k;k/h'k
(b) 7-74» FkhaA
(c) 10-32» (b) og 1990 esa iVuk mPp U;k;ky; dh U;k;k/h'k

cuhaA
(c) mudk tUe eqtÝiQjiqj esa gqvk Fkk
40. uhps ou vkoj.k Js.kh vkSj os ftys fn, x, gSa tks bu
Jsf.k;ksa esa 'kh"kZ ij gSaA xyr feyku dk p;u djsaA
46. lkrosa lkoZtfud ekeys lwpdkad&2022¸ esa fcgkj dk
(a) cgqr ?kuk taxy% if'peh paikj.k
LFkku D;k gS \
(b) eè;e l?ku ou% if'peh paikj.k
(a) 12 oha
(c) •qyk taxy% dSewj
(b) 13 oka
(c) 15 oka
41. vFkZO;oLFkk ds vkdkj dh n`f"V ls jk"Vªh; Lrj ij fcgkj (d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA
dh jSafdax D;k gS\ 47. xqtjkr esa vk;ksftr 36 osa jk"Vªh; •sy] 2022 esa fcgkj
(a) 10 oha us fdrus ind thrs\
(b) 11 oka (a) 2
(c) 14 oka (b) 3
(d) 15 oka (c) 5
42. fcgkj ds fuEufyf•r nks 'kgjksa esa ls fdl 'kgj dks dsaæ
ljdkj }kjk ¶csLV gsfjVst flVh vokMZ¸ feyk gS\ 48. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdls mudh iqLrd ¶isuMªkbo esa i`Foh¸
ds fy, eSfFkyh Hkk"kk ds fy, ¶lkfgR; vdkneh iqjLdkj
(a) jktxhj vkSj cks/x;k
2022¸ çkIr gqvk gS\
(b) cks/x;k vkSj ukyUnk
(a) vthr vkuan
(c) jktxhj vkSj ukyUnk (b) cæh ukjk;.k
(d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA (c) v{k; vkuan luh
43. fcgkj dk igyk ekWMy ÔDF +* CykWd dgk¡ fLFkr gS\ (d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA
(a) iVuk 49. fuEufyf•r esa ls fdls ¶LoPN lqty 'kfÙkQ lEeku 2023¸
(b) Hkkxyiqj çkIr gqvk gS\
(c) eqaxsj (a) xk;=kh dqekjh
(b) jatuk >k
(c) cfcrk xqIrk
44. gky gh esa gq, ¶fcgkj uxj fuxe pquko¸ esa ¶OCR¸
rduhd dk mi;ksx fd;k x;kA ¶OCR¸ dk D;k eryc
50. fcgkj ls fuEufyf•r esa ls fdls çfrf"Br ¶2023 gsUlu
gS\
yhMjf'ki çksxzke¸ ds fy, pquk x;k gS\
(a) mEehnokj jftLVj •ksysa
(a) xkSre dqekj
(b) lexz mEehnokj iathdj.k (b) jkts'k dqekj
(c) pfj=k igpku •ksysa (c) v'kksd dqekj frokjh
(d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA (d) buesa ls dksbZ Hkh ughaA

WALLAH
mÙkjekyk
1. (d) 11. (b) 21. (d) 31. (d) 41. (c)
2. (b) 12. (a) 22. (c) 32. (b) 42. (c)
3. (d) 13. (a) 23. (c) 33. (c) 43. (b)
4. (d) 14. (a) 24. (d) 34. (b) 44. (c)
5. (d) 15. (c) 25. (d) 35. (a) 45. (d)
6. (c) 16. (b) 26. (a) 36. (c) 46. (c)
7. (b) 17. (d) 27. (b) 37. (d) 47. (a)
8. (c) 18. (d) 28. (d) 38. (d) 48. (a)
9. (b) 19. (d) 29. (c) 39. (c) 49. (c)
10. (b) 20. (a) 30. (d) 40. (d) 50. (a)


2 jk"Vªh; djsaV visQ;lZ
laoS/kfud in ds çeq• z x`g lfpo% vt; dqekj HkYyk

z foÙk lfpo% Vhoh lkseukFku
z jk"Vªifr% ækSinh eqeZw (15oha)
z jktLo lfpo% lat; eYgks=kk
z mjk"Vªifr% txnhi /u•M+ (14osa)
z eq[; vkfFkZd lykgdkj% vuar ukxs'oju
z ç/ku ea=kh% ujsaæ eksnh (15osa)
z ç/ku oSKkfud lykgdkj% vt; dqekj lwn
z eq[; pquko vk;qÙkQ% jktho dqekj (25osa)
pquko vk;qÙkQ% vuwi paæ ikaMs ds v#.k feJk
l'kL=k cy
z fu;a=kd ,oa egkys•k ijh{kd (CAG)% fxjh'k paæ eqeZw z ok;q lsuk çeq•% ohvkj pkS/jh (27osa)
(14osa) z ukSlsuk LVkiQ çeq•% vkj- gfj dqekj (25osa)
ys•k egkfu;a=kd (lhth,)% ,l,l nqcs (28osa) z Fky lsukè;{k% eukst ikaMs (29osa)
laln z phiQ vkWiQ fMiQsal LVkiQ (lhMh,l)% vfuy pkSgku
(f}rh;)
z jkT; lHkk
z lSU; lapkyu egkfuns'kd (Mhth,evks)% eukst dqekj
lHkkifr% txnhi /udM+
dfV;kj
milHkkifr% gfjoa'k ukjk;.k flag
•qfiQ;k vkSj tkap laxBu
egklfpo% çeksn paæ eksnh
z lhohlh ds lrdZrk vk;qÙkQ çoh.k dqekj JhokLro
foi{k ds usrk% efYydktZqu •M+xs
z lhchvkbZ ds funs'kd çoh.k lwn
lÙkk:<+ ny ds usrk% ih;w"k xks;y
z eq[; lwpuk vk;qÙkQ ;'ko/Zu dqekj flUgk
z yksdlHkk (17oha)
z baVsfytsal C;wjks (vkbZch) ds çeq• riu dqekj Msdk
vè;{k% vkse fcM+yk (17osa)
z fjlpZ ,aM ,ukfyfll foax (jkW) ds çeq• jfo flUgk
foi{k ds usrk% v/hj jatu pkS/jh
z jk"Vªh; tkap ,tsalh (,uvkbZ,) ds Mhth fnudj xqIrk
egklfpo% mRiy dqekj flag
z çorZu funs'kky; (bZMh) ds çeq• lat; dqekj feJk
U;k;ikfydk z ukjdksfVDl daVªksy C;wjks (,ulhch) ds Mhth lR; ukjk;.k
z Hkkjr ds eq[; U;k;k/h'k% /uat; okbZ- paæpwM+ (51osa) ç/ku
z Hkkjr ds vVkWuhZ tujy% dsds os.kqxksiky (17osa) v/ZlSfud cy
z Hkkjr ds lkWfyflVj tujy% rq"kkj esgrk z l'kL=k lhek cy (,l,lch) dh egkfuns'kd j'eh 'kqDyk
z jk"Vªh; gfjr vf/dj.k ds vè;{k% izdk'k JhokLro z lhek lqj{kk cy (ch,l,iQ) ds egkfuns'kd fufru vxzoky
lfpo vkSj lykgdkj z dsaæh; fjtoZ iqfyl cy (lhvkjih,iQ) ds egkfuns'kd
z dSfcusV lfpo% jktho xkSck ,l,y Fkkvkslsu
z ç/ku ea=kh ds ç/ku lykgdkj% r:.k diwj z dsaæh; vkS|ksfxd lqj{kk cy (lhvkbZ,l,iQ) ds egkfuns'kd
z ç/ku ea=kh ds ç/ku lfpo% ihds feJk 'khy o/Zu flag
z jk"Vªh; lqj{kk lykgdkj (,u,l,)% vthr MksHkky z jk"Vªh; lqj{kk xkMZ (,u,lth) ds egkfuns'kd ,e, x.kifr
z mi jk"Vªh; lqj{kk lykgdkj% iadt dqekj flag z Lis'ky çksVsD'ku xzqi (,lihth) ds funs'kd v#.k dqekj
z j{kk lfpo% fxfj/j vjekus flUgk
z fons'k lfpo% fou; eksgu Dok=kk z vkbZVhchih ds vfrfjÙkQ egkfuns'kd vuh'k n;ky flag
z jk"Vªh; dSMsV dksj (,ulhlh) ds egkfuns'kd xqjchjiky ih,l;w@ih,lbZ
flag z ,uVhihlh ds funs'kd xqjnhi flag
z Hkkjrh; rVj{kd (vkbZlhth) ds egkfuns'kd jkds'k iky
z dksy bafM;k fyfeVsM (lhvkbZ,y) ds lh,eMh iksykojiq
(25osa)
,e- çlkn
z jk"Vªh; vkink jkgr cy (,uMhvkj,iQ) ds egkfuns'kd
vrqy djoky z ikoj iQkbusal dkWjiksjs'ku ds lh,eMh ijfeanj pksiM+k
z jsyos lqj{kk cy (vkjih,iQ) ds Mhth eukst ;kno z vkjbZlh (12osa egkjRu) ds funs'kd foosd dqekj nsokaxu
z vle jkbiQYl (,vkj) ds egkfuns'kd çnhi paæu uk;j 'kS{kf.kd ,oa 'kS{kf.kd laLFkku
uhfr vk;ksx z ;wthlh ds vè;{k ,e-txnh'k dqekj
z uhfr vk;ksx ds vè;{k ç/kuea=kh ujsaæ eksnh z fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds ohlh & ;ksxs'k flag
z uhfr vk;ksx ds mikè;{k lqeu dqekj csjh z ts,u;w dh dqyifr 'kkafrJh /qfyiqM+h iafMr
z uhfr vk;ksx ds lhbZvks chohvkj lqcze.;e z ds dqyifr lq/hj ds tSu
z ukyank fo'ofo|ky; ds pkalyj vjfoan iaxkfj;k
vk;ksx
z ukyank fo'ofo|ky; ds dqyifr vHk; dqekj flag
z ;wih,llh ds vè;{k MkW- eukst lksuh
z ,ulhbZvkjVh ds funs'kd fnus'k çlkn ldykuh
z 22osa fof/ vk;ksx ds vè;{k ½rqjkt voLFkh
z lhch,lbZ dh vè;{k fuf/ fNCcj
z jk"Vªh; efgyk vk;ksx dh vè;{k js•k 'kekZ
z lkfgR; vdkneh ds vè;{k pUæ'ks•j dacj
z jk"Vªh; fiNM+k oxZ vk;ksx ds vè;{k galjkt xaxkjke vghj
z laxhr ukVd vdkneh ds vè;{k 'ks•j lsu
z deZpkjh p;u vk;ksx ds vè;{k ,l fd'kksj
z yfyr dyk vdkneh dh vè;{k mek uanwjh
z 7osa osru vk;ksx ds vè;{k v'kksd dqekj ekFkqj
z yksdiky ds vè;{k çnhi dqekj eksgarh çsl vkSj ehfM;k
z 15osa foÙk vk;ksx ds vè;{k ,uds flag z çlkj Hkkjrh ds lhbZvks xkSjo f}osnh
z Hkkjrh; çfrLi/kZ vk;ksx dh vè;{k jouhr dkSj z jk"Vªh; ukVÔ fo|ky; ds vè;{k ijs'k jkoy
z jk"Vªh; vuqlwfpr tutkfr vk;ksx ds vè;{k g"kZ pkSgku
z jk"Vªh; vuqlwfpr tkfr vk;ksx ds vè;{k fot; lkaiyk
oSKkfud vkSj vuqla/ku laxBu
z jk"Vªh; ekuokf/dkj vk;ksx ds vè;{k v#.k dqekj feJk z bljks ds vè;{k ,l-lkseukFk
z jk"Vªh; cky vf/dkj laj{k.k vk;ksx ds vè;{k fç;kad z ijek.kq ÅtkZ vk;ksx (,bZlh) ds vè;{k ,ds eksgarh
dkuwuxks z ijek.kq ÅtkZ fu;ked cksMZ (,bZvkjch) ds vè;{k fnus'k
z jk"Vªh; vYila[;d vk;ksx ds vè;{k bdcky flag ykyiqjk dqekj 'kqDyk
z HkkHkk ijek.kq vuqla/ku dsaæ (ch,vkjlh) ds funs'kd
Hkkjrh; cksMZ@lfefr;ka@çkf/dj.k vthr dqekj eksgarh
z jsyos cksMZ ds vè;{k ,oa lhbZvks vfuy dqekj ykgksVh z j{kk vuqla/ku ,oa fodkl laxBu (MhvkjMhvks) ds vè;{k
z lsch ds vè;{k ek/ch iqjh cqp lehj oh- dker
z lhchMhVh ds vè;{k fufru xqIrk z oSKkfud vkSj vkS|ksfxd vuqla/ku ifj"kn (lh,lvkbZvkj)
z jk"Vªh; Ms;jh fodkl cksMZ ds vè;{k ehus'k 'kkg ds egkfuns'kd uYykFkEch dySlsYoh
z VªkbZ ds ps;jeSu ihMh ok?ksyk
•sy laxBu
z ;wvkbZMh,vkbZ ds lhbZvks vfer vxzoky z ,f'k;kbZ fØdsV ifj"kn (,lhlh) ds vè;{k t; 'kkg
z Hkkjr ds jftLVªkj tujy vkSj tux.kuk vk;qÙkQ ,eds z chlhlhvkbZ ds vè;{k jkstj fcUuh (36osa)
ukjk;.k z Hkkjrh; fØdsV iq#"k Vhe ds eq[; dksp jkgqy æfoM+
z yksd ys•k lfefr ds vè;{k v/hj jatu pkS/jh z Hkkjrh; efgyk fØdsV Vhe ds eq[; dksp jes'k iksokj
z çkDdyu lfefr ds vè;{k fxjh'k ckiVk z Hkkjrh; •sy çkf/dj.k dh egkfuns'kd uhye diwj
z Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; jktekxZ çkf/dj.k (,u,p,vkbZ) ds vè;{k z Vscy Vsful iQsMjs'ku vkWiQ bafM;k dh vè;{k es?kuk
larks"k dqekj ;kno vgykor
jk"Vªh; djsaV visQ;lZ 85

z gkWdh bafM;k ds vè;{k fnyhi fVdhZ z baVjiksy ds egklfpo tqxZu LVkWd (teZuh)
z Hkkjrh; vksyafid la?k (vkbZvks,) dh vè;{k ihVh m"kk z baVjiksy ds vè;{k vgen ukflj vy& jk;lh (;w,bZ)
cSad z varjkZ"Vªh; U;k;ky; (ICJ) ds vè;{k tksu MksuksX;w
z Hkkjrh; fjtoZ cSad (vkjchvkbZ) ds xouZj 'kfÙkQdkar nkl z varfj{k ,tsalh uklk ds ç'kkld fcy usYlu
(25osa) z U;w MsoyiesaV cSad (,uMhch) dh vè;{k fMYek :lsiQ
z Hkkjrh; fjtoZ cSad ds fMIVh xouZj Vh jch 'kadj] ,e-jkts'oj z la;qÙkQ jk"Vª ds mPpk;qÙkQ ds fy, mPpk;qÙkQ
jko] egs'k dqekj tSu] ekbdy nsoozr ik=kk
z Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad (vè;{k) fnus'k dqekj •kjk z 'kj.kkFkhZ (;w,u,plhvkj) fiQfyiks xzkaMh (bVyh)
z iatkc us'kuy cSad vrqy dqekj xks;y z la;qÙkQ jk"Vª ekuokf/dkj ifj"kn (;w,u,pvkjlh) ds vè;{k
z ;wdks cSad v'ouh dqekj oksYdj rqdZ (vkWfLVª;k)
z ukckMZ ds vè;{k 'kkth ds-oh z varjkZ"Vªh; ijek.kq ÅtkZ ,tsalh ds egkfuns'kd jkiQsy xzkWlh
z flMch ds vè;{k ,l- jeu (vtZsaVhuk)
z vkbZlhvkbZlhvkbZ cSad ds lhbZvks lanhi c['kh z ,f'k;u baÚkLVªDpj bUosLVesaV cSad (,vkbZvkbZch) ds
z ,pMh,iQlh cSad ds lhbZvks 'kf'k/j txnh'ku mikè;{k mftZr iVsy
vkfFkZd@okf.kfT;d@chek laLFkk,¡
z vè;{k IRDAI nsck'kh"k ikaMk
vxz.kh daifu;ka
z ,yvkbZlh ds varfje vè;{k fl¼kFkZ eksgarh z ,Iiy% lhbZvks fVe dqd
z fiQDdh ds vè;{k 'kqHkzdkar ikaMk z ekbØkslkWÝV% vè;{k vkSj lhbZvks lR;k uMsyk
z ,lkspkSe ds vè;{k vt; flag z lhje baLVhVÔwV vkWiQ bafM;k% lhbZvks vnkj iwukokyk
z NASSCOM ds vè;{k vuar ekgs'ojh
z VkVk lal@VkVk VªLV% ps;jeSu ,u-paæ'ks•ju vkSj lhbZvks
fl¼kFkZ 'kekZ
varjjk"Vªh; laxBu
z laln Vhoh% lhbZvks mRiy dqekj flag
z la;qÙkQ jk"Vª ds egklfpo ,aVksfu;ks xqVsjsl (iqrZxky)
z Vhlh,l% lhbZvks ds Ñfroklu
la;qÙkQ jk"Vª egklHkk (UNGA) ds vè;{k
z baiQksfll% lhbZvks lfyy ikjs•
76ok¡ l=k vCnqYyk 'kkfgn (ekynho)
z vYiQkcsV bad-@xwxy% lhbZvks lqanj fipkbZ
77ok¡ l=k lck dksjkslh (gaxjh)
z vestWu% lhbZvks ds ,aMh tslh
78oka l=k Msful Úkafll (f=kfunkn VkscSxks)
z fÝyidkVZ% lhbZvks dY;k.k Ñ".kewfrZ
z fo'o cSad (vkbZchvkjMh) ds 14osa vè;{k vt; caxk z ;wVÔwc% lhbZvks ds uhy eksgu
z varjkZ"Vªh; eqæk dks"k (vkbZ,e,iQ) dh ,eMh fØLVkfyuk z iQslcqd% lhbZvks ekdZ tqdjcxZ
tkWthZok (cqYxkfj;k) z fV~oVj% lhbZvks dh fyaMk ;kdkfjuks
z fo'o O;kikj laxBu (MCY;wVhvks) ds egkfuns'kd uxksth z OgkV~l,i% lhbZvks ds foy dSFkdkVZ
vksdksUtks &bosyk (ukbthfj;k) z esVk bafM;k (çeq•)% laè;k nsoukFku
z ;wfulsiQ ds çeq• dSFkjhu jlsy (;w,l,)
lks'ky ehfM;k ds LFkkuh; f'kdk;r vf/dkjh
z fo'o LokLF; laxBu (MCY;w,pvks) ds egkfuns'kd VsMªksl
,Mukse z iQslcqd% LiwfrZ fç;k
z ;wjksih; laln ds vè;{k jkscVkZ esRlksyk (ekYVk) z fV~oVj% fou; çdk'k
z ukVks ds egklfpo tsUl LVksyVsucxZ (ukWoZs) z OgkV~l,i% ijs'k ch yky
z vkfl;ku ds egklfpo fye tkWd gksbZ (CkzwusbZ) z Vsyhxzke% vfHkeU;q ;kno
z ,eusLVh baVjus'kuy bafM;k ds funs'kd vfouk'k dqekj z baLVkxzke% iwfrZ fç;k
z ,f'k;kbZ fodkl cSad (,Mhch) ds vè;{k ekRlqxq vldkok z dw% jkgqy lR;dke
(tkiku) z fyaDMbu% rkU;k ekfEiyh

WALLAH
3 osaQnzh; eaf=keaMy% egRoiw.kZ foHkkx
dsaæh; eaf=keaMy% egRoiw.kZ foHkkx

ç/ku ea=kh vkSj çHkkjh Hkh%
dkfeZd] yksd f'kdk;r vkSj isa'ku ea=kky;_
Jh ujsaæ eksnh ijek.kq ÅtkZ foHkkx_
varfj{k foHkkx_
lHkh egRoiw.kZ uhfrxr eqís_ vkSj vU; lHkh foHkkx fdlh Hkh ea=kh dks vkoafVr ugha fd;s x;s
1- Jh jkt ukFk flag j{kk ea=kh
2- Jh vfer 'kkg x`g jkT; ea=kh_ vkSj lgdkfjrk ea=kh
3- Jh fufru t;jke lM+d ifjogu vkSj jktekxZ ea=kh
xM+djh
4- Jherh fueZyk foÙk ea=kh_ vkSj dkWikZsjsV ekeyksa ds ea=kh
lhrkje.k
5- Jh ujsaæ flag rksej Ñf"k ,oa fdlku dY;k.k ea=kh
6- MkW- lqczã.;e fons'k ea=kh
t;'kadj
7- Jh vtZqu eqaMk tutkrh; ekeyksa ds ea=kh
8- Jherh Le`fr tqfcu efgyk ,oa cky fodkl ea=kh vYila[;d dk;Z ea=kh
bZjkuh
9- Jh ih;w"k xks;y okf.kT; vkSj m|ksx ea=kh_
miHkksÙkQk ekeys] •k| vkSj lkoZtfud forj.k ea=kh_ vkSj diM+k ea=kh
10- Jh /eZsUæ ç/ku f'k{kk ea=kh_ vkSj dkS'ky fodkl vkSj m|ferk ea=kh
11- Jh çYgkn tks'kh lalnh; dk;Z ea=kh_ dks;yk ea=kh_ vkSj •ku ea=kh
12- Jh ukjk;.k rkrq lw{e] y?kq vkSj eè;e m|e ea=kh
jk.ks
13- Jh lckZuan canjxkg] tgktjkuh vkSj tyekxZ ea=kh_ vkSj vk;q"k ea=kh
lksuksoky
14- MkW ohjsaæ dqekj lkekftd U;k; ,oa vfèkdkfjrk ea=kh
15- Jh fxfjjkt flag xzkeh.k fodkl ea=kh_ vkSj iapk;rh jkt ea=kh
16- Jh T;ksfrjkfnR; ukxfjd mîó;u ea=kh_ vkSj bLikr ea=kh
,e-flaf/;k
17- Jh vf'ouh oS".ko jsy ea=kh_
lapkj ea=kh_ vkSj bysDVªkWfuDl vkSj lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh ea=kh
18- Jh i'kq ifr dqekj •k| çlaLdj.k m|ksx ea=kh
ikjl
19- Jh xtsUæ flag ty 'kfÙkQ ea=kh
'ks•kor
20- Jh vuqjkx flag lwpuk ,oa çlkj.k ea=kh_ vkSj ;qok ekeys vkSj •sy ea=kh
Bkdqj
21- Jh jkt dqekj flag ÅtkZ ea=kh_ vkSj uohu ,oa uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ ea=kh
22- Jh gjnhi flag iqjh isVªksfy;e vkSj çkÑfrd xSl ea=kh_ vkSj vkokl vkSj 'kgjh ekeyksa ds ea=kh
23- Jh eulq• LokLF; ,oa ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kh_ vkSj jlk;u vkSj moZjd ea=kh
eaMkfo;k
24- Jh HkwisUæ ;kno i;kZoj.k] ou vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu ea=kh_ vkSj Je ,oa jkstxkj ea=kh
25- MkW- egsaæ ukFk ikaMs Hkkjh m|ksx ea=kh
26- Jh ij"kksÙke :ikyk eRL; ikyu] i'kqikyu vkSj Ms;jh ea=kh
27- Jh th fd'ku jsîóh laLÑfr ea=kh_
i;ZVu ea=kh_ vkSj iwokZsÙkj {ks=k fodkl ea=kh


WALLAH
jkT; vkSj dsaæ'kkflr çns'k%
4 eq[;ea=kh vkSj jkT;iky
jkT; jkt/kuh jkT;iky eq[;ea=kh

fcgkj iVuk jktsaæ fo'oukFk vkyZsdj uhrh'k dqekj
>kj•aM jkaph lhih jk/kÑ".ku gseUr lksjsu
if'pe caxky dksydkrk lhoh vkuan cksl eerk cuthZ
vksfM'kk Hkqous'oj çksiQslj x.ks'kh yky uohu iVuk;d
mÙkj çns'kA y•uÅ vkuanhcsu iVsy ;ksxh vkfnR;ukFk
fgekpy çns'k f'keyk f'ko çrki 'kqDyk lq•foanj flag lqD•w
mÙkjk•aM nsgjknwu@xSjlSa.k ysfÝVusaV tujy xqjfer flag iqLdj flag /keh
iatkc paMhx<+ cuokjh yky iqjksfgr (vfrfjÙkQ Hkxoar eku
çHkkjh)
gfj;k.kk paMhx<+ caMk: nÙkk=ks; euksgj yky •VVj
eè; çns'k Hkksiky eaxqHkkbZ NxuHkkbZ iVsy f'kojkt flag pkSgku
NÙkhlx< jk;iqj fcLok Hkw"k.k gfjpanu Hkqis'k c?ksy
jktLFkku t;iqj dyjkt feJ v'kksd xsgyksr
xqtjkr xka/huxj Jh vkpk;Z nsoozr HkwisUæ iVsy
egkjk"Vª eqacbZ jes'k cSl ,dukFk f'kans
dukZVd cSaxyksj Fkkoj pan xsgyksr fl¼kjeS;k
xksok i.kth ih,l Jh/ju fiYybZ çeksn lkoar
dsjy fr#ouariqje vkfjiQ eksgEen •ku fiukjkbZ fot;u
rfeyukMq psUubZ vkj,u jfo ,eds LVkfyu
vka/z çns'k vejkorh ,l vCnqy uthj okbZ,l txu eksgu jsîóh
rsyaxkuk gSnjkckn MkW rfefylkbZ lkSan;Zjktu ds-paæ'ks•j jko
v#.kkpy çns'k bZVkuxj dSoY; f=kfoØe i.kkZbZd isek •kaMw
f=kiqjk vxjryk lR;nso ukjk;.k vk;Z ekf.kd lkgk
uxkySaM dksfgek yk x.ks'ku Hkrhtk fj;ks
ef.kiqj baiQky vuqlqb;k mbds ,u chjsu flag
fetksje vkbtksy gfjckcw daHkeifr tksjekFkkaxk
vle fnliqj xqykc pan dVkfj;k gseUr fcLok ljek
es?kky; f'kykax iQkxq pkSgku dkWujkM laxek
flfDde xaxVksd y{e.k çlkn vkpk;Z çse flag rekax
jkT; jkt/kuh jkT;iky eq[;ea=kh
dsUæ 'kkflr çns'kksa jkt/kuh ,yth@ç'kkld eq[;ea=kh
tEew&d'ehj Jhuxj@tEew eukst flUgk (mijkT;iky)
yík• ysg chMh feJk (mijkT;iky)
fnYyh ubZ fnYyh fou; dqekj lDlsuk vjfoan dstjhoky
(mijkT;iky)
iqnqpsjh iqnqpsjh MkW- rfefylkbZ lkmaMjktu ,u jaxkLokeh
(mijkT;iky)
vaMeku o uksdksckj }hi lewg iksVZ Cys;j nsosUæ dqekj tks'kh (mijkT;iky)
paMhx<+ paMhx<+ cuokjh yky iqjksfgr (ç'kkld)
nknjk vkSj uxj gosyh vkSj neu vkSj nho neu çiQqYy iVsy (ç'kkld)
y{k}hi dokjrh çiQqYy iVsy (vfrfjÙkQ çHkkj)


WALLAH
5 dsaæh; ctV% 2023&2024
i`"BHkwfe z jlk;u vkSj moZjd ea=kky;% ` 1-78 yk• djksM+

z 1 iQjojh] 2023 dks foÙk ea=kh fueZyk lhrkje.k us 2023&24 z miHkksÙkQk ekeys vkSj •k|% ` 2-06 yk• djksM+
ds fy, viuk 5oka dsaæh; ctV is'k fd;k] ftlesa dqy z x`g ea=kky;% ` 1-96 yk• djksM+
45-3 yk• djksM+ dk ctV is'k fd;k x;k] tks fiNys o"kZ z jsy ea=kky;% ` 2-41 yk• djksM+
dh rqyuk esa 7-5» dh o`f¼ gSA z lM+d ifjogu vkSj jktekxZ% ` 2-70 yk• djksM+
z ^ve`r dky* ds mn~?kkVu dks fpfÉr djrs gq,] ;g ctV z j{kk ea=kky;% ` 5-94 yk• djksM+
,d loZ&lekos'kh vFkZO;oLFkk dks l'kÙkQ cukus ij dsfa ær gSA 2023&24 esa çeq• ;kstukvksa ds fy, /u vkoaVu
z blesa lkr çeq• çkFkfedrkvksa dh :ijs•k nh xbZ gS] ftlesa z ty thou fe'ku% ` 70]000 djksM+
lekos'kh fodkl] gkf'k, ij ekStnw vkcknh rd igqp a uk] z ç/kuea=kh vkokl ;kstuk% ` 79]590 djksM+
cqfu;knh <kaps esa fuos'k djuk] {kerk dks mtkxj djuk] gfjr z ^,dyO;* vkoklh; fo|ky;% ` 5]943 djksM+
fodkl dks c<+kok nsuk] foÙkh; {ks=k dks etcwr djuk vkSj z ih,e&fdlku% ` 60]000 djksM+
;qok tulkaf[;dh dh 'kfÙkQ dk mi;ksx djuk 'kkfey gSA z ve`r vkSj LekVZ flVh fe'ku% ` 16]000 djksM+
2023&24 ds fy, ctV vuqeku% çeq• vkadM+s z jk"Vªh; f'k{kk fe'ku% ` 38]953 djksM+
z dqy O;;% `45-03 yk• djksM+ z jk"Vªh; LokLF; fe'ku% ` 36]785 djksM+
iwathxr O;;% `10-01 yk• djksM+ z eujsxk% ` 60]000 djksM+
jktLo O;;% `35-02 yk• djksM+ z lw{e vkaxuokM+h vkSj iks"k.k 2-0% ` 20]554 djksM+
z çHkkoh iwathxr O;;% `13-71 yk• djksM+ z LoPN Hkkjr fe'ku% ` 12]192 djksM+
z dqy çkfIr;ka (m/kj dks NksM+dj)% `27-2 yk• djksM+ z ç/kuea=kh iQly chek ;kstuk% ` 13]625 djksM+
jktLo çkfIr;k¡% `26-32 yk• djksM+ z iQse ;kstuk% ` 5]172 djksM+
iwathxr çkfIr;ka% `18-70 yk• djksM+ z mÙkj&iwoZ cqfu;knh <kapk fodkl ;kstuk% ` 2]491 djksM+
z jktLo ?kkVk% vkfFkZd fodkl vkSj foÙk
2022&23% ` 9-90 yk• djksM+ (thMhih dk 3-8»)
z 2023&24 esa Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk 7» c<+us dh mEehn gSA
2023&24% ` 8-69 yk• djksM+ (thMhih dk 2-9»)
z çfr O;fÙkQ vk; nksxquh gksdj ` 1-97 yk• gks xbZA
z jktdks"kh; ?kkVk% z ekfld th,lVh jktLo yxHkx ` 1-5 yk• djksM+ ij fLFkjA
2022&23% ` 16-61 yk• djksM+ (thMhih dk 6-4») z 2023&24 ds fy, 10-5» thMhih fodkl nj dk vuqekuA
2023&24% ` 17-86 yk• djksM+ (thMhih dk 5-9») z Hkkjr 5oha lcls cM+h vFkZO;oLFkk ds :i esa 'kqekj gSA
z çkFkfed ?kkVk (2023&24)% ` 7-06 yk• djksM+ (thMhih z C;kt Hkqxrku ` 10-80 yk• djksM+ (jktLo O;; dk
dk 2-3») 30-8»)A
ctV esa fof'k"V ea=kky;ksa dks vkoaVu z 2023&24 esa jktdks"kh; ?kkVk ldy ?kjsyw mRikn dk 5-9»
vuqekfur gS] 2025&26 rd 4-5» dk y{; gSA
z lapkj ea=kky;% ` 1-23 yk• djksM+
z f'k{kk ea=kky;% ` 1-13 yk• djksM+ djk/ku vkSj dVkSrh
z Ñf"k vkSj fdlku dY;k.k% ` 1-25 yk• djksM+ z VSDl LySc dks 7 ls 5 rd lqO;ofLFkr fd;k x;kA
z xzkeh.k fodkl ea=kky;% ` 1-60 yk• djksM+ z 7 yk• #i, rd dh vk; ij dksbZ VSDl ughaA
z vfXuohjksa ds fy, dj NwVA z fMthykWdj vkSj vk/kj dk mi;ksx djds igpku viMsV
z iwathxr ykHk dVkSrh lhek c<+kdj ` 10 djksM+ dh xbZA ds fy, ou&LVkWi lek/kuA
z ihd ljpktZ 37» ls ?kVkdj 25» fd;k x;kA z çkphu ikaMqfyfi;ksa ds fMftVyhdj.k ds fy, ^Hkkjr Jh*
;kstukA
z ekud dVkSrh 'kq: dh xbZ% osruHkksfx;ksa ds fy, ` 50]000]
isa'kuHkksfx;ksa ds fy, ` 15]000A i;kZoj.k vkSj Ñf"k
z xkscj/u ;kstuk dks 500 u, ^vof'k"V vk;* la;a=kksa ds
z vodk'k udnhdj.k ij dj NwV dh lhek c<+kdj ` 25
lkFk foLrkfjr fd;k x;kA
yk• dh xbZA
fuos'k vkSj iQafMax z jk"Vªh; moZjd vkSj dhVuk'kd usVodZ ds fy, 10]000
tSo&buiqV çlaLdj.k dsaæA
z iwath fuos'k ifjO;; 33-4» c<+dj ` 10 yk• djksM+ gks
x;kA z i;kZoj.k (laj{k.k) vf/fu;e ds rgr gfjr ½.k dk;ZØeA
z j{kk ctV c<+dj ` 5-93 yk• djksM+ gqvkA z vkæZHkwfe vuqdwyu ds fy, ve`r /jksgj ;kstukA
z j{kk isa'ku ds fy, ` 1-38 yk• djksM+ vkoafVrA z fe"Vh ds rgr rV ds fdukjs eSaxzkso o`{kkjksi.kA
z ubZ lSU; laifÙk;ksa ds fy, ` 1-62 yk• djksM+ dk iwathxr z jk"Vªh; foÙkh; lwpuk jftLVªh dk 'kqHkkjaHkA
O;;A z gfjr vkSj LoPN ÅtkZ mRiknu ds fy, igyA
z ç/kuea=kh vkokl ;kstuk ds fy, ` 79]000 djksM+ dk f'k{kk ,oa dkS'ky fodkl
vkoaVuA
z jsyos dh ubZ ;kstukvksa ds fy, ` 75]000 djksM+ dk iQaMA z ,dyO; ekWMy vkoklh; fo|ky;ksa ds fy, 38]000 f'k{kdksa
z fV;j&2 vkSj fV;j&3 'kgjksa ds fy, 'kgjh cqfu;knh <kapk vkSj deZpkfj;ksa dh HkrhZA
fodkl fuf/ (;wvkbZMh,iQ) dk fuekZ.kA z larqfyr moZjd mi;ksx ds fy, ih,e&ç.kke dk;ZØeA
z vij Hkæk ifj;kstuk lw{e flapkbZ ds fy, ` 5]300 djksM+A z ,e,l,ebZ ds fy, vuqca/ fu"iknu ljyhdj.k ds fy,
z rhu ,vkbZ mRÑ"Vrk dsaæA ^fo'okl ls fo'okl&1*A
lekt dY;k.k vkSj LokLF; z ljdkjh lafonk laca/h fooknksa ds fy, ^fo'okl ls
fo'okl&2*A
z 102 djksM+ yksxksa ds fy, 220 djksM+ COVID&19 Vhdkdj.kA
z 9-6 djksM+ mTToyk ,yihth dusD'kuA z oSdfYid moZjd mi;ksx ds fy, ih,e&ç.kke dk;ZØe
dh 'kq:vkrA
z LoPN Hkkjr fe'ku ds rgr 11-7 djksM+ 'kkSpky; cuk, x,A
z ih,e fdlku lEeku fuf/ ds rgr 11-4 djksM+ fdlkuksa xzkeh.k vkSj Ñf"k igy
dks ` 2-2 yk• djksM+ forfjr fd, x,A z Ñf"k&LVkVZvi dks leFkZu nsus ds fy, Ñf"k&Rojd fuf/A
z efgyk lEeku cpr i=k is'k fd;k x;kA z mPp ewY; okyh ckxokuh iQlyksa ds fy, vkRefuHkZj LoPN
z ç/kuea=kh fo'odekZ dkS'ky lEeku ds rgr ikjaifjd ikS/k dk;ZØeA
dkjhxjksa ds fy, dkS'ky çf'k{k.k vkSj foÙkh; lgk;rkA z Ñf"k fuos'k vkSj foÙk iks"k.k igyA
z LoPN Hkkjr fe'ku vkSj LoPNrk ifj;kstuk,¡A
z DAY-NRLM ds rgr 81 yk• Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa dks
z xzkeh.k cqfu;knh <kaps dks etcwr djuk vkSj fodkl djukA
cM+s mRiknu m|eksa esa ifjofrZr djukA
cqfu;knh <k¡pk vkSj ifjogu
z 157 u;s uflZax dkWyst LFkkfir fd;s x;sA
z 50 gokbZ vîóksa] gsyhiksVks±] ty gokbZ vîóksa vkSj ySafMax eSnkuksa
fMftVy igy vkSj uokpkj dk uohuhdj.kA
z uokpkj dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, 100 5G ,fIyds'ku yScA z 'kgjh volajpuk fodkl fuf/ (;wvkbZMh,iQ) dh LFkkiukA
z 'kgjh vkSj xzkeh.k cqfu;knh <kapk ifj;kstukvksa ds fy, c<+h
z ` 7]000 djksM+ ifjO;; ds lkFk bZ&dksVZ ifj;kstuk dk gqbZ iQafMaxA
rhljk pj.kA
z jsyos ds fodkl ,oa foLrkj gsrq vkoaVuA
z jk"Vªh; fMftVy ykbczsjh dh LFkkiuk dh tk,xhA z ifjogu vkSj çkS|ksfxdh ds fy, êsd bu bafM;k* igy
z lqjf{kr nLrkost HkaMkj.k ds fy, ^dkWikZsjsV fMthykWdj*A dh 'kq:vkrA

WALLAH
6 dsaæh; vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23
eq[; vkd"kZ.k z fnlacj 2022 ds var rd ns'k dk fons'kh eqæk HkaMkj 562-
z foÙk ea=kh fueZyk lhrkje.k us 31 tuojh] 2023 dks laln esa 72 fcfy;u vesfjdh MkWyj ij etcwr FkkA
vkf/dkfjd rkSj ij vkfFkZd loZs{k.k 2022&23 is'k fd;kA z Hkkjrh; fjtoZ cSad (RBI) dk vuqeku gS fd foÙkh; o"kZ
z bl o"kZ dk O;kid vkfFkZd loZs{k.k eq[; vkfFkZd lykgdkj 2022&23 ds fy, eqækLiQhfr nj 6-8» gksxhA
oh- vuar ukxs'oju ds ekxZn'kZu esa lko/kuhiwoZd rS;kj
{ks=kh; varnZ`f"V
fd;k x;k gSA
z foÙk o"kZ 2022&23 ds fy, cqfu;knh dherksa ij Ñf"k {ks=k
vkfFkZd fodkl ds #>ku dk ldy ewY; of/Zr (thoh,) c<+dj 3-5» gks x;k]
z vkfFkZd fodkl ç{ksioØ ekpZ 2023 esa lekIr gksus okys tks fiNys foÙkh; o"kZ esa ntZ 3-0» ls ljkguh; o`f¼ gSA
vafre foÙkh; o"kZ ds fy, 7» dh okLrfod fodkl nj z foÙkh; o"kZ 2022&23 ds fy, cqfu;knh dherksa ij vkS|ksfxd
dk vuqeku yxkrk gS] tks fiNys foÙkh; o"kZ esa çkIr 8-7»
{ks=k ds thoh, esa 4-1» dk foLrkj gqvk] gkykafd fiNys
ds foijhr gSA
foÙkh; o"kZ esa ns•h xbZ 10-3» dh rqyuk esa deh vkbZ gSA
z fiNys o"kZ ds igys vkfFkZd loZs{k.k esa 2022&23 ds fy,
ldy ?kjsyw mRikn dh o`f¼ nj 8» ls 8-5» ds chp jgus z foÙk o"kZ 2023 esa lsok {ks=k esa 9-1» dh o`f¼ nj dk
dk vuqeku yxk;k x;k FkkA vuqHko gksus dk vuqeku gS] tks fiNys foÙkh; o"kZ esa ntZ
z vkxs ns•rs gq,] foÙkh; o"kZ 2023&24 ds fy, Hkkjr dh 8-4» dh o`f¼ dks ikj dj tk,xkA
thMhih o`f¼ nj 6» ls 6-8» ds chp jgus dh mEehn O;kikj vkSj varjkZ"Vªh; laca/
gSA okLrfod vk/kj ij] vuqekfur ldy ?kjsyw mRikn dh
o`f¼ nj 6-5» gSA z Hkkjr dk fons'kh O;kikj fofHkUu Hkkxhnkj ns'kksa ds lkFk
xgjkbZ ls tqM+k gqvk gSA fo'ks"k :i ls] lcls vf/d fu;kZr
oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk esa fLFkfr la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk dks fd;k tkrk gS] mlds ckn la;qÙkQ
z Hkkjr orZeku esa Ø; 'kfÙkQ lekurk (ihihih) ds vk/kj vjc vehjkr vkSj uhnjySaM dk LFkku vkrk gSA vk;kr
ij fo'o Lrj ij rhljh lcls cM+h vFkZO;oLFkk gS] tcfd ds ekeys esa phu lcls vkxs gS] mlds ckn la;qÙkQ vjc
fofue; njksa ds vk/kj ij ;g ikaposa LFkku ij gSA vehjkr vkSj la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk gSaA
vk; vkSj djk/ku z ns'k us çs"k.k ds vxz.kh oSf'od çkIrdrkZ ds :i esa viuh
z foÙkh; o"kZ 2022&23 ds çkjafHkd vfxze vuqeku ds vuqlkj] fLFkfr etcwr dj yh gS vkSj 2022 esa 100 fcfy;u
Hkkjr esa çfr O;fÙkQ 'kq¼ jk"Vªh; vk; (fLFkj dherksa ij) vesfjdh MkWyj dh i;kZIr jkf'k çkIr djus dh mEehn gSA
#i;s vkadh xbZ gSA 5-5» dh okf"kZd çfr O;fÙkQ vk; o`f¼ z Hkkjr esa bZ&dkWelZ cktkj Åij dh vksj c<+ jgk gS] 2025
nj ds lkFk 96]522A rd 18» dh yxkrkj okf"kZd o`f¼ nj çnf'kZr djus dk
z çHkko'kkyh <ax ls] o"kZ 2022 esa th,lVh djnkrkvksa dh vuqeku gSA
la[;k 70 yk• ls c<+dj mYys•uh; 1-4 djksM+ gks xbZ gSA lkekftd vkfFkZd ifjorZu
jktdks"kh; vkSj ekSfæd ifjn`'; z dqy çtuu nj esa fxjkoV ns•h xbZ gS] tks vius fiNys eku
z loZs{k.k ds vuqlkj] foÙkh; o"kZ 2022&23 ds fy, jktdks"kh; 2-4 ls 2-1 ij vk xbZ gSA
?kkVk 6-4» ntZ fd;k x;k gS] tks fiNys foÙkh; o"kZ ds z mRlkgtud :i ls] f'k'kq e`R;q nj esa lq/kj gqvk gS] tks
6-7» ls de gSA 38-4 gS] tks fd 46-0 ds igys ds vkadM+s ls deh n'kkZrk gSA
z uotkr e`R;q nj esa Hkh çxfr ns•h xbZ gS] tks viuh fiNyh z 2030 rd ldy ?kjsyw mRikn dh mRltZu rhozrk dks 2005
nj 29-5 ls fxjdj 24-9 gks xbZ gSA ds Lrj ds eqdkcys 45» rd de djus dk ,d egRoiw.kZ
y{; fu/kZfjr fd;k x;k gSA
miyfC/;k¡ vkSj igy
z jk"Vªh; gfjr gkbMªkstu fe'ku ds 'kqHkkjaHk ds lkFk] Hkkjr
z vçSy ls fnlacj 2022 dh vof/ esa O;kikfjd fu;kZr
2047 rd ÅtkZ vkRefuHkZjrk dh dYiuk djrk gSA
çHkko'kkyh $332-5 fcfy;u rd igqap x;kA
z thou ds LFkk;h rjhds dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, ,d
z vçSy 2022 esa] Hkkjr dh ldy eqækLiQhfr c<+dj 7-8»
çHkko'kkyh i;kZoj.k vkanksyu 'kq: fd;k x;k gSA
gks xbZA
z foÙk o"kZ 2020&21 esa Ñf"k esa futh fuos'k c<+dj 9-3»
z dsaæ vkSj jkT; nksuksa ljdkjksa us LokLF; {ks=k ds fy, foÙk o"kZ
gks x;k gSA
2023 (ctV vuqeku) esa ldy ?kjsyw mRikn dk 2-1» vkSj
foÙk o"kZ 2022 (la'kksf/r vuqeku) esa 2-2» rd igqapus z Ñf"k {ks=k us •k|kUu mRiknu esa yxkrkj o`f¼ dh gSA
ds fy, ctVh; O;; fu/kZfjr fd;k gS] tks foÙk o"kZ 2021 z yxHkx 81-4 djksM+ ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dh ,d cM+h la[;k
esa 1-6» ls o`f¼ n'kkZrk gSA dks ykHkkfUor djrs gq,] jk"Vªh; •k| lqj{kk vf/fu;e
z lkekftd {ks=k dk O;; Åij dh vksj c<+ jgk gS] tks #i;s (,u,iQ,l,) ,d o"kZ ds fy, eqÝr •k|kUu forj.k
ls c<+us dh mEehn gSA foÙkh; o"kZ 2016 esa 9-1 yk• djksM+ lqfuf'pr djrk gSA
ls çHkko'kkyh #- foÙk o"kZ 2023 esa 21-3 yk• djksM+A z vkS|ksfxd {ks=k dh dqy thoh, esa ljkguh; 3-7» dh o`f¼
z 220 djksM+ ls vf/d dksfoM&19 oSDlhu •qjkd nsus dh ntZ dh xbZ gS] tks fiNys n'kd esa ns•h xbZ 2-8» dh
egRoiw.kZ miyfC/ gkfly dh xbZ gSA vkSlr o`f¼ nj dks ikj dj xbZ gSA
z ûsV thjks* ds çfr Hkkjr dh n`<+ çfrc¼rk dk y{; 2070 z ,d mYys•uh; ehy dk iRFkj gkfly fd;k x;k gS D;ksafd
rd 'kwU; dkcZu mRltZu çkIr djuk gSA Hkkjr eksckby iQksu dk nwljk lcls cM+k oSf'od fuekZrk
z ns'k us 2030 ls igys xSj&thok'e bZa/u lzksrksa ls 40» cu x;k gSA
LFkkfir fctyh {kerk gkfly djds vius y{; dks ikj z 2016 esa 'kq: dh xbZ mM+ku ;kstuk us ,d djksM+ ls vf/d
dj fy;k gSA gokbZ ;kf=k;ksa dks mM+ku ykHk igqapk;k gSA


WALLAH
7 Hkkjrh; ou jkT; fjiksVZ 2021
z i;kZoj.k vkSj ou ea=kh çdk'k tkoM+sdj us 13 tuojh] 2022 dks Hkkjr jkT; ou fjiksVZ 2021 (17oha) tkjh dhA
ou vkoj.k {ks=kiQy ou vkoj.k oxZ ou vkoj.k {ks=k esa
ou vkoj.k {ks=k »
oxZ fd-eh- esa fdeh esa ykHk ykHk »
Hkkjr 713789 21-72» 1540 0-22»

eè; çns'k 77493 fetksje 84-53» vka/z çns'k 647 rsyaxkuk 3-07»
v#.kkpy 66431 v#.kkpy 79-33» rsyaxkuk 632 vka/z çns'k 2-22»
'kh"kZ 5 jkT; NÙkhlx<+ 55717 es?kky; 76» vksfM'kk 537 vksfM'kk 1-04»
vksfM'kk 52156 ef.kiqj 74-34» dukZVd 155 fcgkj 1-03»
egkjk"Vª 50798 ukxkySaM 73-90» >kj•aM 110 dsjy 0-52»
gfj;k.kk 1603 gfj;k.kk 3-63» v:.kkpy 257 ukxkySaM &1-88»
iatkc 1847 iatkc 3-67» ef.kiqj 249 ef.kiqj &1-48»
fiNys 5 jkT; xksok 224-4 jktLFkku 4-87» ukxkySaM 235 fetksje &1-03»
flfDde 3341 mÙkj çns'k 6-15» fetksje 186 es?kky; 0-43»
fcgkj 7381 xqtjkr 7-61» es?kky; 73 if'pe caxky 0-41»
'kh"kZ tEew vkSj d'ehj 'kh"kZ y{k}hi 'kh"kZ tEew ,oa d'ehj VkWi paMhx<+
dsUæ 'kkflr çns'kksa
vkf•jh paMhx<+ vkf•jh yík• vkf•jh fnYyh vafre &
dqy feykdj 'kh"kZ e-ç 'kh"kZ y{k}hi 'kh"kZ vka/z VkWi paMhx<+
vkf•jh paMhx<+ vkf•jh yík• vafre v#.kkpy vafre ukxkySaM
z vf/dre eSaxzkso ou {ks=k okys jkT; if'pe caxky (42-33»)] xqtjkr (23-54»)] vaMeku&fudksckj (12-34»)
z ns'k ds taxyksa esa dqy dkcZu HkaMkj 7204 fefy;u Vu

la?k% çeq• ;kstuk,¡ ,oa
8 foHkkxh; ;kstuk,¡
ç/kuea=kh tu&/u ;kstuk igy ;kstuk

z ykWUp% 28 vxLr 2014 foÙk ea=kky; }kjk z çkjaHk% 1 tuojh 2015
z mís';% ;g lqfuf'pr djuk fd çR;sd ifjokj ds ikl
z mís';% ,yihth lfClMh dk lh/s cSad •krksa esa LFkkukarj.k
,d cSad •krk gks
z bls MhchVh,y (,yihth ds fy, çR;{k ykHk gLrkarj.k)
z ykHk% 2 yk• #i;s dk nq?kZVuk chek 'kkfey gSa
ds :i esa Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA
esd bu bafM;k vfHk;ku
z nh{kk% 25 flracj 2014
zdsaæ ljdkj dh igyksa dks iqu% O;ofLFkr vkSj O;k[;kf;r
z mís';% ?kjsyw fofuekZ.k esa o`f¼ dks çksRlkfgr djuk
fd;k x;k%
csVh cpkvks] csVh i<+kvks igy vVy isa'ku ;kstuk
z ykWUp% 22 tuojh 2015 dks efgyk ,oa cky fodkl z ykWUp fnukad% 1 ebZ] 2015
ea=kky; }kjk z 9 ebZ 2015 dks foÙk ea=kky; }kjk is'k fd;k x;k
z mís';% ySafxd lekurk dks c<+kok nsuk vkSj fyaxkuqikr dks

z ;g ;kstuk 18 ls 40 o"kZ dh vk;q ds O;fÙkQ;ksa dks mudh
c<+kuk cSad tek ds vk/kj ij 1 gtkj ls 5 gtkj rd dh isa'ku
fe'ku baæ/uq"k vfHk;ku lqjf{kr djus esa l{ke cukrh gSA
z çkjaHk% 25 fnlacj 2014 dks dsaæh; LokLF; ea=kky; }kjk
fMftVy bafM;k fe'ku
z iQksdl% fMIFkhfj;k] dkyh •kalh] VsVul] iksfy;ks] risfnd]
•ljk vkSj gsisVkbfVl ch tSlh 7 chekfj;ksa ds fy, lekos'kh z 24 twu 2015 dks vukoj.k fd;k x;k
Vhdkdj.k z y{;% bysDVªkWfud :i ls lHkh ljdkjh lsokvksa rd
ân; ;kstuk lkoZtfud igqap dks lqfo/ktud cukuk

z ykWUp% 21 tuojh] 2015 'kgjh fodkl ea=kky; }kjk ve`r ;kstuk
z ân;% bldk eryc gsfjVst flVh MsoyiesaV ,aM vkWXesaVs'ku z 25 twu 2015 dks ykWUp fd;k x;k
Ldhe gS z AMRUT dk eryc dk;kdYi vkSj 'kgjh ifjorZu ds
z y{;% pqus x, 12 'kgjksa esa lkaLÑfrd fojklr dh cgkyh fy, vVy fe'ku gS
ç/kuea=kh êqæk* ;kstuk ç/kuea=kh Ñf"k flapkbZ ;kstuk
z vkjaHk% 8 vçSy] 2015
z 1 tqykbZ 2015 dks 'kq: fd;k x;k
z eqæk% lw{e bdkbZ fodkl vkSj iqufoZÙk ,tsalh
z mís';% fdlkuksa dks Ñf"k ty lalk/u miyC/ djkuk
z y{;% lw{e m|eksa dks foÙkh; lgk;rk vkSj oxhZÑr ½.k
(f'k'kq] fd'kksj vkSj r:.k) çnku djuk mtkyk ;kstuk

z ½.k lhek% f'k'kq ds fy, 50 gtkj #i;s ls ysdj r:.k z 1 tqykbZ 2015 dks 'kq: fd;k x;k
ds fy, 10 yk• #i;s rd z mtkyk] ;k mUur T;ksfr }kjk lHkh ds fy, fdiQk;rh
uekfe xaxs igy ,ybZMhA
z ykWUp% 10 tqykbZ 2014 ty lalk/u ea=kky; }kjk
z bldk mís'; ykxr çHkkoh ,ybZMh cYcksa dks O;kid :i
z mís';% xaxk unh dh lqj{kk vkSj 'kqf¼dj.k ls forfjr djuk gSA
nhu n;ky mikè;k; xzke T;ksfr ;kstuk ofj"B isa'ku chek ;kstuk
z 25 tqykbZ 2015 dks ykWUp fd;k x;k z mís';% lHkh fdlkuksa dks rhu leku fd'rksa esa 6000 #i;s
z mís';% lHkh xkaoksa dk fo|qrhdj.k djuk] forj.k daiuh dh çR;{k vk; lgk;rk çnku djuk
ds foÙk esa o`f¼ djuk vkSj çHkkoh fuxjkuh LFkkfir djuk ç/kuea=kh Je ;ksxh eku/u ;kstuk
lkxjekyk ifj;kstuk z ykWUp% 15 iQjojh] 2019
z 31 tqykbZ 2015 dks 'kq: fd;k x;k z ik=krk% 18&40 vk;q oxZ ds vlaxfBr {ks=k ds Jfed
z y{;% canjxkgksa dk fodkl djuk vkSj mUgsa lM+d vkSj jsy

ftudh ekfld vk; 15000 #i;s ;k mlls de gS
z ykHk% 60 o"kZ dh vk;q gksus ij 3000 #i;s ekfld isa'ku
usVodZ ds ekè;e ls dq'kyrkiwoZd tksM+uk
ç/kuea=kh vkokl ;kstuk ç/kuea=kh fdlku eku/u ;kstuk
z ykWUp% 12 flracj] 2019 dks jkaph] >kj•aM esa
z dks;yk vkSj ÅtkZ ea=kky; }kjk 5 uoacj 2015 dks is'k
z ykHk% 60 lky dk gksus ij U;wure #- 3000 çfr ekg isa'ku
fd;k x;k
z ik=krk% 18&40 vk;q oxZ ds fdlku ftuds ikl 2 gsDVs;j
mn;% mTToy fMLdkWe ,';ksjsal ;kstuk rd Ñf"k Hkwfe gS
z bldk mís'; foÙkh; igyqvksa esa lq/kj djuk vkSj fctyh
vfXuiFk ;kstuk
forj.k olwyh dks c<+kuk gS z ?kks"k.kk% 14 twu] 2022
';kek çlkn eq•thZ :cZu fe'ku z ;ksX;rk% 10oha&12oha ikl (vk;q% 17-5 ls 23 o"kZ)
z çkjaHk% 22 iQjojh] 2016 ih,e&fdlku lEeku fuf/ ;kstuk

z mís';% xzkeh.k {ks=kksa ds fy, DyLVj vk/kfjr fodkl z ykWUp% 1 iQjojh] 2019 ih;w"k xks;y }kjk
ç/kuea=kh lgt fctyh gj ?kj ;kstuk lkSHkkX; z mís';% 60 o"kZ vkSj mlls vf/d vk;q ds ofj"B ukxfjdksa
z ykWUp% 25 flracj] 2017 fo|qr ea=kky; }kjk

dks 10 o"kks± ds fy, 8» dh xkjaVhÑr C;kt nj çnku
djukA
z mís';% lHkh ?kjksa dk fo|qrhdj.k djuk
nhu n;ky mikè;k; ^Li'kZ* ;kstuk
lsrq Hkkjre ;kstuk z çkjaHk% 3 uoacj] 2017
z 'kq#vkr% 4 ekpZ 2016 dsaæh; lM+d ,oa ifjogu ea=kky; z Li'kZ% ,d 'kkSd ds :i esa LVkEi esa ;ksX;rk vkSj vuqlaèkku
}kjk dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, Nk=ko`fÙk
z y{;% jk"Vªh; jktekxks± ij jsyos ØkWflax dks •Re djus ds z ykHk% vf/dre 40 Nk=kksa dks dqy 6000 #i;s çfr o"kZ
fy, vksoj@vaMj fczt dk fuekZ.k dh Nk=ko`fÙk feyrh gS

ç/kuea=kh tu vkjksX; ;kstuk vk;q"eku Hkkjr ç/kuea=kh o; oanuk ;kstuk
z ykWUp% 21 tqykbZ] 2017
z ykWUp% 23 flracj] 2018 dks jkaph] >kj•aM ls
z mís';% ekfld isa'ku fodYi pquus okys 60 o"kZ ;k mlls
z yk• rd dh fu%'kqYd dS'kysl LokLF; lqfo/k çnku
vf/d vk;q ds ofj"B ukxfjdksa dks 10 o"kks± ds fy, 8»
djukA fjVuZ dh xkjaVh nsuk
•M+s gks tkvks Hkkjr mM+ku ;kstuk
z vkjaHk% 5 vçSy] 2016 foÙk ea=kky; }kjk z ykWUp% 27 vçSy] 2017
z mís';% SC/ST vkSj efgyk m|fe;ksa dks ubZ daifu;ka z iwjk uke% mM+s ns'k dk vke ukxfjd
LFkkfir djus ds fy, 10 yk• ls 1 djksM+ rd dk ½.k z mís';% ukxfjdksa dks lLrh gokbZ ;k=kk çnku djuk
çnku djuk ç/kuea=kh eRL; lEink ;kstuk

ç/kuea=kh mTToyk ;kstuk z ykWUp% 10 flracj] 2020 dks ih,e ujsaæ eksnh }kjk
z ykWUp% 1 ebZ 2016 z iQksdl% 2020&21 vkSj 2024&25 ds chp 20050 djksM+
z mís';% chih,y ifjokjksa dks eqÝr ,yihth dusD'ku çnku #i;s ds vuqekfur fuos'k ds lkFk Hkkjr esa eRL; ikyu
djuk dk lrr fodklA

la?k% çeq• ;kstuk,¡ ,oa foHkkxh; ;kstuk,¡ 97
9 la?k% ubZ uhfr;k¡ vkSj fo/ku
uke mís';
ÅtkZ lzksr ds :i esa gkbMªkstu ds mRiknu vkSj mi;ksx dks
jk"Vªh; gkbMªkstu uhfr
c<+kok nsukA
liQsn oLrqvksa ds fy, mRiknu ls tqM+h çksRlkgu (ih,yvkbZ) jsfÚtjsVj] okWf'kax e'khu vkSj ,;j daMh'kuj tSls liQsn oLrqvksa
;kstuk ds ?kjsyw fofuekZ.k dks c<+kok nsukA
jk"Vªh; eqæhdj.k ikbiykbu (,u,eih) 2-0 lkoZtfud laifÙk;ksa dk eqæhdj.k djds lalk/u tqVkukA
LVkVZvi bafM;k lhM iQaM ;kstuk çkjafHkd pj.k ds LVkVZvi dk leFkZu djukA
fMftVy O;fÙkQxr MsVk laj{k.k fo/s;d] 2023 (çLrkfor) O;fÙkQ;ksa ds O;fÙkQxr MsVk dh xksiuh;rk dh j{kk djukA
vkf/dkfjd fMftVy eqæk fo/s;d] 2022 dk fØIVksdjsalh vkSj fØIVksdjsalh dks fofu;fer djuk vkSj ,d vkf/dkfjd fMftVy
fofu;eu (çLrkfor) eqæk is'k djukA
Hkkjr esa Ñf=ke cqf¼eÙkk ds fodkl vkSj mi;ksx dks fofu;fer
jk"Vªh; Ñf=ke cqf¼eÙkk fo/s;d] 2022 (çLrkfor)
djukA
ljdkjh ,tsafl;ksa vkSj futh laLFkkvksa ds chp MsVk dh lk>snkjh
jk"Vªh; MsVk lk>kdj.k vkSj igqap uhfr] 2022
vkSj igqap dks c<+kok nsukA
ck;ksesfVªDl ij jk"Vªh; uhfr] 2022 Hkkjr esa ck;ksesfVªDl ds mi;ksx dks fofu;fer djukA
jk"Vªh; lkbcj lqj{kk uhfr] 2022 Hkkjr dh lkbcj lqj{kk fLFkfr dks etcwr djukA
jk"Vªh; bZ&xouZsal ;kstuk 2022&2023 Hkkjr esa bZ&xouZsal dks viukus esa rsth ykukA
bls vf/d O;kid vkSj dk;kZUo;u ;ksX; cukus ds fy, ,ubZih
jk"Vªh; f'k{kk uhfr (,ubZih) 2020 (la'kks/u) fo/s;d] 2023
2020 esa la'kks/u djukA
Hkkjrh; fpfdRlk ifj"kn ds LFkku ij ,d ubZ fu;ked laLFkk
jk"Vªh; fpfdRlk vk;ksx fo/s;d] 2022
LFkkfir djukA
çfrLi/kZ (la'kks/u) fo/s;d] 2023 Hkkjrh; çfrLi/kZ vk;ksx dks etcwr djukA
cgq&jkT; lgdkjh lkslk;Vh fo/s;d] 2023 cgq&jkT; lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dks fofu;fer djukA
Hkkjr esa oSKkfud vuqla/ku dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, ,d jk"Vªh;
vuqla/ku jk"Vªh; vuqla/ku iQkmaMs'ku fo/s;d] 2023
vuqla/ku iQkmaMs'ku dh LFkkiuk djukA
uke mís';
virVh; •futksa dh •kst vkSj fodkl dks lqfo/ktud
virVh; {ks=k •fut (fodkl vkSj fofu;eu) la'kks/u
cukus ds fy, virVh; {ks=k •fut (fodkl vkSj fofu;eu)
fo/s;d] 2023
vf/fu;e] 1999 esa la'kks/u djukA
tUe vkSj e`R;q iathdj.k dks vklku cukus ds fy, tUe vkSj
tUe vkSj e`R;q iathdj.k (la'kks/u) fo/s;d] 2023
e`R;q iathdj.k vf/fu;e] 1969 esa la'kks/u djukA
Hkkjrh;_ U;k; lafgrk fo/s;d] 2023 Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk] 1860 dks çfrLFkkfir djukA
Hkkjrh; ukxfjd lqj{kk lafgrk fo/s;d] 2023 vkijkf/d çfØ;k lafgrk] 1898 dks çfrLFkkfir djukA
Hkkjrh;_ lk{; fo/s;d] 2023 Hkkjrh; lk{; vf/fu;e] 1872 dks çfrLFkkfir djukA

la?k% ubZ uhfr;k¡ vkSj fo/ku 99

10 pfpZr rwiQku@pØokr
1- vEiQku (ebZ 2020) 7- tkon (vxLr 2022)

çHkkfor {ks=k% vksfM'kk] if'pe caxky
çHkkfor {ks=k% vksfM'kk
mn~xe LFky% caxky dh •kM+h
ukedj.k% FkkbZySaM }kjk lq>k;k x;k
2- fulxZ (twu 2020) ukedj.k% lÅnh vjc }kjk lq>k;k x;k

çHkkfor {ks=k% egkjk"Vª] xqtjkr 8- vlkuh (uoacj 2022)
mn~xe% vjc lkxj çHkkfor {ks=k% vka/z çns'k] vksfM'kk
ukedj.k% ckaXykns'k }kjk çLrkfor
3- fuokj (uoacj 2020)
ukedj.k% Jhyadk ls O;qRiUu
çHkkfor {ks=k% rfeyukMq] iqMqpsjh

9- flrkjax (iQjojh 2023)
ukedj.k% bZjku }kjk lq>k;k x;k çHkkfor {ks=k% caxky dh •kM+h
4- xqykc (flracj 2021) mn~xe LFky% caxky dh •kM+h
z çHkkfor {ks=k% vksfM'kk] vka/z çns'k
ukedj.k% la;qÙkQ vjc vehjkr }kjk ukfer
z mn~xe LFky% caxky dh •kM+h
10- eaMkSl (vçSy 2023)
z ukedj.k% ikfdLrku }kjk ukedj.k
5- cqjkoh (vDVwcj 2021) çHkkfor {ks=k% caxky dh •kM+h

çHkkfor {ks=k% rfeyukMq] dsjy mn~xe LFky% caxky dh •kM+h
ukedj.k% ;eu }kjk çLrkfor
ukedj.k% rfeyukMq ls fy;k x;k
11- ekspk (tqykbZ 2023)
6- 'kkghu (ebZ 2022)
çHkkfor {ks=k% vkseku] bZjku
çHkkfor {ks=k% caxky dh •kM+h
mn~xe% vjc lkxj mn~xe LFky% caxky dh •kM+h
ukedj.k% drj }kjk çLrkfor ukedj.k% ekynho }kjk lq>k;k x;k

11 la;qDr lSU; vH;kl
vH;kl lEcaf/r rF;

;g 11 ls 21 vxLr] 2023 rd flMuh] vkWLVªsfy;k esa vk;ksftr fd;k tk,xk ¹27oka laLdj.kºA
Hkkx ysus okys ns'k% Hkkjr] vesfjdk] tkiku vkSj vkWLVªsfy;kA
Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk ds Lons'kh ÚaVykbu ;q¼iksr vkbZ,u,l lákfæ vkSj vkbZ,u,l dksydkrk
vH;kl ekykckj 2023 esa Hkkx ysaxsA

ekykckj 2023 bfrgkl%
ekykckj vH;kl Jà•yk 1992 esa Hkkjr vkSj vesfjdk ds chp ,d okf"kZd f}i{kh; ukSlSfud
vH;kl ds :i esa 'kq: gqbZA

tkiku 2015 esa ukSlsuk vH;kl esa 'kkfey gqvkA
ekykckj 2020 esa vkWLVªsfy;kbZ ukSlsuk dh Hkh Hkkxhnkjh ns•h xbZA
19 oka laLdj.k 25 flracj ls 8 vDVwcj rd vykLdk] ;w,l, esa gksxkA
;q¼ vH;kl 2023 ;g Hkkjr vkSj vesfjdk dh lsukvksa ds chp ,d la;qÙkQ lSU; vH;kl gSA
bl vH;kl dk igyk laLdj.k 2004 esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
tkiku Hkkjr leqæh vH;kl 2023 (JIMEX 23) ds 7osa laLdj.k dh estckuh Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk
}kjk dh xbZ FkhA

ftesDl] 2023
5 ls 10 tqykbZ] 2023 rd fo'kk•kiÙkue esa gqvkA
;g laLdj.k 2012 esa viuh LFkkiuk ds ckn ls JIMEX dh 11oha o"kZxkaB dk çrhd gSA
Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk & ;w,l usoh (vkbZ,u & ;w,l,u) cpko vkSj foLiQksVd vk;q/ fuiVku
(bZvksMh) vH;kl] lkYosDl dk lkroka laLdj.k 26 twu & 06 tqykbZ 23 dks dksfPp esa
vH;kl lkYoSDl] 2023
vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
vkbZ,u vkSj ;w,l,u 2005 ls la;qÙkQ cpko vkSj bZvksMh vH;kl esa Hkkx ys jgs gSaA
;g Hkkjr] Úkal vkSj ;w,bZ leqæh lk>snkjh vH;kl dk igyk laLdj.k gSA
bldh 'kq#vkr 07 twu 2023 dks vkseku dh •kM+h esa gqbZA
leqæh lk>snkjh vH;kl] vkbZ,u,l rjd'k vkSj Úkalhlh tgkt lqjdkWiQ nksuksa vfHkUu gsyhdkWIVjksa ds lkFk] Úkalhlh
2023 jkiQsy foeku vkSj la;qÙkQ vjc vehjkr ukSlsuk leqæh x'rh foeku vH;kl esa Hkkx ys jgs gSaA
igys vH;kl dk mís'; rhuksa ukSlsukvksa ds chp f=ki{kh; lg;ksx dks c<+kuk vkSj leqæh
okrkoj.k esa ikjaifjd vkSj xSj&ikjaifjd

;g f}i{kh; la;qÙkQ lSU; vH;kl dk 15oka laLdj.k gS tks 17 ls 31 tqykbZ 2023 rd
eaxksfy;k ds mykucVkj esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA

uksesfMd ,yhiQSaV ;g eaxksfy;k ds lkFk ,d okf"kZd çf'k{k.k dk;ZØe gS tks oSdfYid :i ls eaxksfy;k vkSj
2023 Hkkjr esa vk;ksftr fd;k tkrk gSA

fiNyk laLdj.k vDVwcj 2019 esa Lis'ky iQkslZ Vªsfuax Ldwy] cdyksg esa vk;ksftr fd;k
x;k FkkA
vH;kl lEcaf/r rF;
ls 12 tqykbZ] 2023 rd ls'ksYl esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
vkbZ,u,l lqu;k us vH;kl esa Hkkx fy;kA

vkWijs'ku lkmnuZ
;g ¶la;qÙkQ leqæh cyksa¸ dk ,d okf"kZd vH;kl gSA
jsMhusl 2023
la;qÙkQ leqæh cy ¹38 ns'kº ,d cgqjk"Vªh; leqæh lk>snkjh gS ftldk mís'; ¶fu;e
vk/kfjr varjkZ"Vªh; O;oLFkk¸ cuk, j•uk gSA

ç;kxjkt esa IAF ds dekaM eq[;ky; ds fofHkUu gokbZ vîóksa ls vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
j.kfot; vH;kl
bldk mís'; yM+kdw ik;yVksa ds dkS'ky dks c<+kuk vkSj ,dhdj.k djuk FkkA
cgqjk"Vªh; 'kkafr LFkkiuk la;qÙkQ vH;kl ¶,Dl •ku DosLV 2023¸ esa 20 ls vf/d ns'kksa ds
lSU; VqdfM+;ksa vkSj i;Zos{kdksa dh Hkkxhnkjh eaxksfy;k esa gqbZA

Hkkjrh; lsuk dk çfrfuf/Ro x<+oky jkbiQYl dh ,d VqdM+h us fd;kA
•ku DosLV 2023
14 fnolh; vH;kl dk mís'; Hkkx ysus okys ns'kksa dh varjlapkyuh;rk dks c<+kuk] vuqHko
lk>k djuk vkSj la;qÙkQ jk"Vª 'kkafr vfHk;kuksa (;w,uihdsvks) ds fy, onhZèkkjh dfeZ;ksa dks
çf'kf{kr djuk FkkA
2014 esa viuh 'kq#vkr ds ckn ls ;g cgqi{kh; ukSlsuk vH;kl dk pkSFkk laLdj.k gSA
baMksusf'k;k ds edkLlj esa gqvk FkkA

dkseksMks vH;kl 2023
vkbZ,u,l lriqM+k us vH;kl esa Hkkx fy;kA
bl vH;kl esa 36 ns'kksa dh ukSlsukvksa us Hkkx fy;kA
Hkkjrh; lsuk vkSj ekynho jk"Vªh; j{kk cy ds chp la;qÙkQ lSU; vH;kl ¶,Dl ,dqosfju¸
dk 12 oka laLdj.k 11 ls 24 twu 2023 rd mÙkjk•aM ds pkScfV;k esa gqvkA

,dqosfju] 2023
,dqosfju ftldk vFkZ gS ^fe=k* Hkkjr vkSj ekynho esa oSdfYid :i ls vk;ksftr ,d
f}i{kh; okf"kZd vH;kl gSA

;g Hkkjr vkSj ekynho dh ukSlsukvksa ds chp vk;ksftr ,d okf"kZd vH;kl gSA
,dFkk 2023
ekynho esa vk;ksftr bl vH;kl dk NBk laLdj.k ¹4 twu ls 3 tqykbZº FkkA
lIr 'kfÙkQ dekaM }kjk jktLFkku vkSj iatkc esa if'peh lhekvksa ij vk;ksftr rhu fnolh;
lqn'kZu 'kfÙkQ] 2023 vH;kl FkkA

bldk mís'; lsuk dk vk/qfudhdj.k vkSj ifjorZu djuk gSA
bldk eryc vkfl;ku Hkkjr leqæh vH;kl gSA
gkcZj pj.k 02 ls 04 ebZ 2023 rd pkaxh ukSlsuk csl ij vk;ksftr fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj leqæh
AIME-2023
pj.k 07 ls 08 ebZ 2023 rd nf{k.k phu lkxj esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
vkbZ,u,l lriqM+k us vH;kl esa Hkkx fy;kA
bldk lapkyu Hkkjrh; lsuk }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA

cqyan Hkkjr vH;kl
bldk iQksdl fuxjkuh vkSj vfXu 'kfÙkQ çf'k{k.k ij gSA
;g Hkkjr vkSj lÅnh vjc ds chp ,d f}i{kh; leqæh vH;kl gSA

vy eksgEen vy
;g bl vH;kl dk nwljk laLdj.k Fkk tks vy tqcSy] lÅnh vjc esa gqvkA
fganh] 2023
vH;kl esa vkbZ,u,l rjd'k] vkbZ,u,l lqHkæk vkSj MksfuZ;j leqæh x'rh foeku us Hkkx fy;kA
leqæ 'kfÙkQ] 2023 ;g Hkkjr&baMksusf'k;k ukSlSfud vH;kl dk pkSFkk laLdj.k Fkk] tks baMksusf'k;k esa gqvkA
Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk vkSj jkW;y FkkbZ ukSlsuk ds chp Hkkjr&FkkbZySaM lefUor x'rh (baMks&FkkbZ dkWiZsV)
CORPAT, 2023
dk 35oka laLdj.k 03 ls 10 ebZ 2023 rd vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA

WALLAH
vH;kl lEcaf/r rF;
;g dksi bafM;k&2023 dk NBk laLdj.k FkkA
;g Hkkjrh; ok;q lsuk (IAF) vkSj la;qÙkQ jkT; ok;q lsuk (USAF) ds chp ,d gokbZ vH;kl
dksi bafM;k] 2023 gSA

bldk vk;kstu ok;q lsuk LVs'kuksa dykbZdqaMk] ikukx<+ vkSj vkxjk esa fd;k x;k] ftldk
lekiu 24 vçSy 2023 dks gqvkA

;g vaMeku vkSj fudksckj dekaM }kjk vk;ksftr fd;k x;k Fkk ftlesa lsuk] ukSlsuk] ok;q lsuk
vkSj rVj{kd cy dh laifÙk 'kkfey FkhA

dop vH;kl
bldk mís'; la;qÙkQ ;q¼ {kerkvksa] ekud lapkyu çfØ;kvksa dks csgrj cukuk vkSj cyksa ds
chp varjlapkyuh;rk vkSj vkWijs'ku rkyesy dks c<+kuk FkkA

Jhyadk f}i{kh; leqæh vH;kl SLINEX&23 dk 10oka laLdj.k 03&08 vçSy 2023 rd
dksyacks esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA

Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk dk çfrfuf/Ro Lons'kh dkeksVkZ Dykl ,,lMCY;w dkoZsV vkbZ,u,l fdYVu
LykbusDl] 2023
vkSj vkWiQ'kksj x'rh tgkt vkbZ,u,l lkfo=kh us fd;kA
SLINEX dk fiNyk laLdj.k 07&12 ekpZ 2022 rd fo'kk•kiÙkue esa vk;ksftr fd;k
x;k FkkA
;g Úkalhlh ljdkj }kjk vk;ksftr ,d cgqjk"Vªh; vH;kl gSA
vH;kl vksfj;u] 2023 ;g Úkalhlh ok;q vkSj varfj{k cy (,iQ,,l,iQ) ds ok;q lsuk vîós eksaV&Mh&eklZu esa gqvkA
bl vH;kl esa Hkkjrh; ok;qlsuk ds jkiQsy yM+kdw foekuksa us fgLlk fy;kA
Hkkjrh; ok;q lsuk (IAF) us gsysfud ok;q lsuk }kjk vk;ksftr ,d cgqjk"Vªh; ok;q vH;kl
INIOCHOS&23 esa Hkkx fy;kA

bfuvkspksl] 2023 ;g vH;kl 24 vçSy 2023 ls 04 ebZ 2023 rd xzhl ds ,aMªkfoMk ,;j csl ij vk;ksftr
fd;k x;k FkkA
Hkkjrh; ok;q lsuk us pkj Su&30 MKI vkSj nks C&17 foekuksa ds lkFk Hkkx fy;kA
Hkkjr vkSj ;wukbVsM fdaxMe ds chp la;qÙkQ lSU; vH;kl ¶vts; okWfj;j&23¸ dk 7 oka
laLdj.k 27 vçSy ls 11 ebZ 2023 rd lSfylcjh IysUl] ;wukbVsM fdaxMe esa vk;ksftr
fd;k x;k FkkA
vts; ;ks¼k] 2023
O;k;ke vts; okfj;j ;wukbVsM fdaxMe ds lkFk ,d f}okf"kZd çf'k{k.k dk;ZØe gS tks
;wukbVsM fdaxMe vkSj Hkkjr esa oSdfYid :i ls vk;ksftr fd;k tkrk gSA
fiNyk laLdj.k vDVwcj 2021 esa mÙkjk•aM ds pkScfV;k esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
Hkkjrh; ok;q lsuk (IAF) us tkiku ,;j lsYiQ fMiQsal iQkslZ (JASDF) ds lkFk vH;kl f'kU;w
eS=kh esa Hkkx fy;kA

f'kU;w eS=kh] 2023
;g vH;kl Hkkjr&tkiku la;qÙkQ lsuk vH;kl] /eZ xkftZ;u ds ekSds ij vk;ksftr fd;k x;k
Fkk] tks 13 iQjojh 2023 ls 02 ekpZ 2023 rd dksekRlq] tkiku esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
Hkkjrh; lsuk vkSj Úkalhlh lsuk ds chp igyk la;qÙkQ lSU; vH;kl fÚutsDl&23 07 vkSj
08 ekpZ 2023 dks iSaxksMs lSU; LVs'ku] fr#ouariqje] dsjy esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
fÚUtsDl] 2023 ;g igyh ckj gS fd nksuksa ns'kksa dh lsuk,a bl çk:i esa 'kkfey gks jgh gSa] çR;sd VqdM+h
esa fr#ouariqje fLFkr Hkkjrh; lsuk ds tokuksa vkSj Úkalhlh 6oha ykbV vkeZMZ fczxsM dh
,d&,d daiuh lewg 'kkfey gSA
la;qDr lSU; vH;kl 103

vH;kl lEcaf/r rF;
nqfu;k ds lcls cM+s cgqjk"Vªh; leqæh vH;klksa esa ls ,d gSA
dVySl ,Dlçsl] 2023 vkbZ,u,l f=kdan us 05 ls 09 ekpZ 2023 rd •kM+h esa vk;ksftr varjkZ"Vªh; leqæh vH;kl@
dVySl ,Dlçsl 2023 (vkbZ,e,Dl@lhbZ&23) ds leqæh pj.k&I esa Hkkx fy;kA

o"kZ 2023 ds fy, Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk dk çeq• ifjpkyu Lrj dk vH;kl TROPEX, 22 uoacj
ls 23 ekpZ rd pkj eghus dh vof/ esa IOR ds foLrkj esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k] ftldk
lekiu vjc lkxj esa gqvkA
VªkWisDl] 2023 lexz vH;kl fuekZ.k esa rVh; j{kk vH;kl lh fofty vkSj mHk;pj vH;kl ,EiQsDl 'kkfey
FksA
lkFk esa] bu vH;klksa esa Hkkjrh; lsuk] Hkkjrh; ok;q lsuk vkSj rVj{kd cy dh Hkh egRoiw.kZ
Hkkxhnkjh ns•h xbZA

cgqi{kh; vH;kl yk isjkst dk rhljk laLdj.k 13 ls 14 ekpZ 2023 rd fgan egklkxj {ks=k
esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA

bl laLdj.k esa jkW;y vkWLVªsfy;kbZ ukSlsuk] Úkalhlh ukSlsuk] Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk] tkikuh leqæh
vH;kl yk isjksl] vkRej{kk cy] jkW;y usoh vkSj la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk dh ukSlsuk ds dfeZ;ksa] tgktksa vkSj
2023 vfHkUu gsyhdkWIVjksa dh Hkkxhnkjh ns•h xbZA
;g Úkalhlh ukSlsuk }kjk vk;ksftr fd;k x;k Fkk] vkSj bldk mís'; leqæh Mksesu tkx:drk
dks c<+kuk vkSj Hkkjr&ç'kkar {ks=k esa Hkkx ysus okyh ukSlsukvksa ds chp leqæh leUo; dks
vuqdwfyr djuk gSA
flaxkiqj lsuk vkSj Hkkjrh; lsuk us Hkkjr ds tks/iqj lSU; LVs'ku esa 06&13 ekpZ 2023 rd
cksYM dq:{ks=k 2023
f}i{kh; dop vH;kl] ,Dljlkbt cksYM dq#{ks=k ds 13 osa laLdj.k esa Hkkx fy;kA
•atj 2023 Hkkjr&fdfxZt fo'ks"k cy dk 10 oka laLdj.k fc'dsd esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
vH;kl dk igyk laLdj.k 2011 esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
la;qÙkQ lSU; vH;kl ¶n vÚhdk&bafM;k iQhYM Vªsfuax ,Dljlkbt (AFINDEX&2023)¸ dk
nwljk laLdj.k fons'kh çf'k{k.k uksM] vkSa/] iq.ks esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
,fiQaMsDl 2023 AFINDEX&2023 16 ls 29 ekpZ 2023 rd vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
cgqjk"Vªh; vH;kl esa 124 çfrHkkfx;ksa vkSj fl•] ejkBk vkSj egkj jsftesaV ds Hkkjrh; lSfudksa
ds lkFk vÚhdh egk}hi ds dqy 25 ns'kksa us Hkkx fy;kA

dksad.k 2023] Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk vkSj jkW;y usoh ds chp okf"kZd f}i{kh; leqæh vH;kl] vjc
dksad.k 2023
lkxj esa dksad.k rV ij 20 ls 22 ekpZ 23 rd vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
rjd'k] jk"Vªh; lqj{kk xkMZ (,u,lth) vkSj vesfjdh fo'ks"k vfHk;ku cyksa ds la;qÙkQ vH;kl
rjd'k esa vkradokfn;ksa }kjk jklk;fud vkSj tSfod geyksa ls fuiVus ds fy, ,d vH;kl 'kkfey FkkA
;g psUubZ] rfeyukMq esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
;g ,d cgqi{kh; gokbZ vH;kl gS ftlesa la;qÙkQ vjc vehjkr] Úkal] dqoSr] vkWLVªsfy;k]
fczVsu] cgjhu] eksjDdks] Lisu] dksfj;k x.kjkT; vkSj la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk dh ok;q lsukvksa
MstVZ ÝySx VIII us Hkkx fy;kA
;g la;qÙkQ vjc vehjkr ds vy /iQjk ,;jcsl ij vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
IAF us bl dk;ZØe esa Hkkx fy;kA
Hkkjrh; lsuk vkSj mt~csfdLrku lsuk ds chp la;qÙkQ lSU; vH;kl ^MLVfyd* dk pkSFkk
MLVfyad] 2023
laLdj.k fons'kh çf'k{k.k uksM] fiFkkSjkx<+ (mÙkjk•aM) esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA

WALLAH
vH;kl lEcaf/r rF;
Hkkjr vkSj tkiku ds chp la;qÙkQ lSU; vH;kl] ¶,Dl /eZ xkftZ;u¸ dk pkSFkk laLdj.k 17
/eZ laj{kd] 2023
iQjojh ls 02 ekpZ 2023 rd tkiku ds f'kxk çkar ds dSai bektw esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
fMiQsal iQkslZ (ts,,lMh,iQ) ds chp f}i{kh; gokbZ vH;kl ôhj xkftZ;u 2023* dk
ohj xkftZ;u] 2023
mn~?kkVu laLdj.k tkiku esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
f}okf"kZd f=k&lsok mHk;pj vH;kl] ,EiQsDl 2023 17 ls 22 tuojh 23 rd dkdhukMk]
vka/z çns'k esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA

,EiQsDl dk mís'; varjlapkyuh;rk vkSj rkyesy dks c<+kus ds fy, mHk;pj lapkyu ds
,EiQsDl] 2023
fofHkUu igyqvksa esa rhuksa lsokvksa ds rRoksa dk la;qÙkQ çf'k{k.k gSA
AMPHEX 23 igyh ckj dkdhukMk esa vH;kl fd;k x;k Fkk] vkSj ;g vc rd dk lcls
cM+k AMPHEX vH;kl FkkA

Hkkjr vkSj Úkal ds chp f}i{kh; ukSlsuk vH;kl dk 21oka laLdj.k&O;k;ke o#.k vkt] 16
tuojh 2023 dks if'peh leqæh rV ij vk;ksftr fd;k x;kA

o#.kk] 2023 tcfd nksuksa ukSlsukvksa ds chp f}i{kh; vH;kl 1993 esa 'kq: fd;k x;k Fkk] bls 2001 esa
ô#.k* uke fn;k x;k Fkk vkSj ;g Hkkjr&Úkal j.kuhfrd f}i{kh; laca/ksa dh igpku cu
x;k gSA
Hkkjr&dtkfdLrku la;qÙkQ çf'k{k.k vH;kl ¶dkftan&22¸ dk NBk laLdj.k 15 ls 28 fnlacj
2022 rd mejksbZ (es?kky;) esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA

dkftan] 2022 dtkfdLrku lsuk ds lkFk la;qÙkQ okf"kZd çf'k{k.k vH;kl 2016 esa vH;kl çcy nksfLrd ds
:i esa 'kq: fd;k x;k Fkk] ftls ckn esa daiuh Lrj ds vH;kl esa vixzsM fd;k x;k vkSj
2018 esa bldk uke cnydj ,Dl dkftan dj fn;k x;kA
16 oka laLdj.k 16 ls 29 fnlacj 2022 rd usiky vkehZ cSVy Ldwy] ly>aMh (usiky)
esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA

lw;Z fdj.k XVI la;qÙkQ jk"Vª ds vkns'k ds rgr taxy ;q¼ vkSj igkM+h bykdksa esa vkradokn fojks/h vfHk;kuksa
vkSj ,p,Mhvkj esa varjlapkyuh;rk c<+kus ds mís'; ls Hkkjr vkSj usiky ds chp çfro"kZ
¶lw;Z fdj.k¸ vH;kl vk;ksftr fd;k tkrk gSA
vfXu okfj;j vH;kl dk 12oka laLdj.k] flaxkiqj vkSj Hkkjrh; lsuk ds chp ,d f}i{kh;
vH;klA
vfXu okWfj;j 2022
bldh 'kq#vkr 13 uoacj 2022 dks iQhYM iQk;fjax jsat] nsoykyh (egkjk"Vª) esa 30 uoacj
2022 dks gqbZA

Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk ds funZsf'kr felkby LVhYFk fÚxsV] vkbZ,u,l f=kdan] vkWiQ'kksj x'rh iksr
vkbZ,u,l lqfe=kk vkSj ,eih, MksfuZ;j us Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk vkSj vkj,uvks f}i{kh; vH;kl
vy&cgkj] 2022
ûlhe vy cgj* (lh czht) ds 13 osa laLdj.k esa Hkkx fy;kA
;g vH;kl 19 ls 24 uoacj 2022 rd vkseku ds rV ij vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
Hkkjrh; lsuk vkSj vkWLVªsfy;kbZ lsuk dh VqdfM+;ksa ds chp f}i{kh; çf'k{k.k vH;kl ¶vkWLVªsfy;k
vkWLVªk fgan] 2022 fgan 22¸ 28 uoacj ls 11 fnlacj 2022 rd egktu iQhYM iQk;fjax jsat (jktLFkku) esa
vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
Hkkjr&eysf'k;k la;qÙkQ lSU; vH;kl ¶gfjeÅ 'kfÙkQ&2022¸ 28 uoacj&12 fnlacj 22 dks
iqykbZ] Dyqvkax] eysf'k;k esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA

gfjekS 'kfÙkQ] 2022
vH;kl gfjekm 'kfÙkQ Hkkjrh; vkSj eysf'k;kbZ lsuk ds chp ,d okf"kZd çf'k{k.k dk;ZØe gS
tks 2012 ls vk;ksftr fd;k tk jgk gSA
la;qDr lSU; vH;kl 105

vH;kl lEcaf/r rF;
Hkkjr&ekstkfEcd&ratkfu;k f=ki{kh; vH;kl (IMT TRILAT) dk igyk laLdj.k] Hkkjrh;]
ekstkfEcd vkSj ratkfu;k dh ukSlsukvksa ds chp ,d la;qÙkQ leqæh vH;kl 27 vDVwcj 22

vkbZ,eVh f=kySV] 2022 dks Mkj ,l lyke] ratkfu;k esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk dk çfrfuf/Ro xkbMsM felkby fÚxsV] vkbZ,u,l rjd'k] ,d psrd
gsyhdkWIVj vkSj ekdkZsl (fo'ks"k cy) }kjk fd;k x;kA

;g baMksusf'k;kbZ fo'ks"k cyksa ds lkFk ,d f}i{kh; la;qÙkQ çf'k{k.k vH;kl gSA
x#M+ 'kfÙkQ] 2023 ;g laxxk cqvkuk çf'k{k.k {ks=k] djkokax] baMksusf'k;k esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
x#M+ 'kfÙkQ vH;kl bl cSuj ds rgr f}i{kh; vH;klksa dh Jà•yk dk vkBoka laLdj.k gSA
Hkkjrh; ok;q lsuk (vkbZ,,iQ) vkSj Úkalhlh ok;q vkSj varfj{k cy (,iQ,,l,iQ) us 26
x#M+ VII] 2022 vDVwcj ls 12 uoacj 2022 rd ok;q lsuk LVs'ku tks/iqj esa ^x#M+ ohvkbZ,y* uked
f}i{kh; vH;kl esa Hkkx fy;kA
Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk us 26 ls 30 vDVwcj] 2022 rd fo'kk•kiÙkue esa flaxkiqj&Hkkjr leqæh
flEcsDl] 2022
f}i{kh; vH;kl (SIMBEX) ds 29osa laLdj.k dh estckuh dhA
Hkkjr&vesfjdk f=k&lsok mHk;pj ,p,Mhvkj vH;kl dk nwljk laLdj.k] ^Vkbxj Vªk;EiQ
Vkbxj Vªk;EiQ] 2022
2022* 18 ls 20 vDVwcj 2022 rd fo'kk•kiÙkue esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
10 ls 12 vDVwcj 22 rd nf{k.k vÚhdk ds iksVZ xdscjgk (ftls iksVZ ,fytkcsFk ds uke
ls Hkh tkuk tkrk gS) esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA

IBSAMAR VII
blesa Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk dk çfrfuf/Ro xkbMsM felkby fÚxsV] vkbZ,u,l rjd'k] ,d psrd
gsyhdkWIVj vkSj ekdkZsl fo'ks"k cyksa }kjk fd;k x;k FkkA

Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk }kjk vk;ksftr tkiku Hkkjr leqæh vH;kl 2022 (JIMEX 22) dk NBk
ftesDl] 2022
laLdj.k 11 flracj 22 dks caxky dh •kM+h esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
Hkkjrh; lsuk dh VqdM+h us lxZs;sOLdh] iwohZ lSU; ftyk :l esa vH;kl oksLrksd&2022 esa
oksLrksd] 2022
Hkkx fy;k
foucSDl] 2022 fo;ruke&Hkkjr f}i{kh; lsuk vH;kl VINBAX 2022 paMheafnj esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
Hkkjr&ckaXykns'k f}i{kh; la;qÙkQ lSU; vH;kl ¶,Dl lEçhfr&,Dl¸ ckaXykns'k ds t'kksj lSU;
lEçfr] 2022
LVs'ku esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
;g ¶,Dl lEçhfr¸ dk 10oka laLdj.k FkkA


WALLAH
12 varjkZ"Vªh; lEesyu vkSj f'k•j lEesyu
z çÑfr ds laj{k.k ds fy, varjkZ"Vªh; la?k (IUCN) z vkWijs'ku d#.kk

la;qÙkQ vjc vehjkr (UAE) baVjus'kuy ;wfu;u iQkWj Hkkjr us pØokr êkspk* ls çHkkfor E;kaekj dh enn
datoZs'ku vkWiQ uspj (IUCN) dh 2025 fo'o laj{k.k ds fy, ^vkWijs'ku d#.kk* 'kq: fd;k gSA
dkaxzsl (WCC) dh estckuh djsxkA ;g vk;kstu 18 ebZ dks] Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk ds tgkt f'kokfyd] dkeksVkZ
10&21 vDVwcj] 2025 rd vcw /kch esa vk;ksftr vkSj lkfo=kh vkikrdkyhu jkgr lkexzh tSls •k|
fd;k tk,xkA vkiwfrZ] racw] vko';d nok,a] ikuh iai] iksVZscy tujsVj]
z G20 fodkl eaf=k;ksa dk lEesyu diM+s vkSj LoPNrk oLrqvksa ds lkFk ;kaxwu igqapsA
th20 fodkl eaf=k;ksa dk lEesyu okjk.klh esa vk;ksftr z G20 i;ZVu dk;Z lewg
fd;k x;kA bl cSBd esa fons'k ea=kh ,l t;'kadj Hkh Hkkjr dh vè;{krk esa rhljh G20 i;ZVu dk;Z lewg
'kkfey gq,- dh cSBd 22 ebZ ls Jhuxj] tEew vkSj d'ehj esa
z Hkkjr dh G20 vè;{krk esa nks fnolh; foKku&20 vk;ksftr dh xbZ gSA
lEesyu Hkksiky esa 'kq: gqvkA z ch20 lEesyu
Fkhe & ¶foKku dks lekt vkSj laLÑfr ls tksM+uk¸A th20 Mk;ykWx iQksje ds rgr ukxkySaM dh jkt/kuh
th20 pkSFkh f'k{kk dk;Z lewg dh cSBd 20 ls 21 twu dksfgek esa ch20 lEesyu dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k gSA
rd iq.ks esa gksxhA
fo"k; Ñf"k vkSj •k| çlaLdj.k] i;ZVu vkSj vkbZVh
z NBk fgan egklkxj lEesyu esa cgqi{kh; O;kikj lk>snkjh ds volj çnku djus ij
NBk fgan egklkxj lEesyu (vkbZvkslh) 12&13 ebZ] dsafær gSA
2023 ds chp <kdk esa bafM;k iQkmaMs'ku }kjk ckaXykns'k z th20 ofdZax xzqi dh cSBd
ds fons'k ea=kky; vkSj ,l jktjRue Ldwy vkWiQ
baVjus'kuy LVMht ds lg;ksx ls vk;ksftr fd;k x;k Hkkjr dh vè;{krk esa G20 ofdZax xzqi dh 100oha cSBd
FkkA mÙkj çns'k ds okjk.klh 'kgj esa vk;ksftr dh xbZ gSA
lEesyu dk mn~?kkVu ckaXykns'k dh ç/ku ea=kh 'ks• dsaæh; lM+d ifjogu ,oa jktekxZ rFkk ukxfjd mîó;u
glhuk us fd;kA jkT; ea=kh tujy (fj-) ohds flag blesa 'kkfey gks
x, gSaA
lEesyu dk fo"k; ^'kkafr] le`f¼ vkSj ,d yphys
Hkfo"; ds fy, lk>snkjh* gSA z 7osa varjkZ"Vªh; /eZ&/Ee lEesyu
z th&7 f'k•j lEesyu vè;{k Jherh- ækSinh eqeZw us 3 ekpZ 2023 dks 7osa
49oka G&7 f'k•j lEesyu 19 ls 21 ebZ 2023 rd varjkZ"Vªh; /eZ&/Ee lEesyu dk mn~?kkVu fd;kA
tkiku ds fgjksf'kek esa vk;ksftr fd;k tk,xkA lEesyu dk vk;kstu Hkksiky esa fd;k tk jgk gSA
tkiku us Hkh bl lEesyu esa Hkkjr lesr vkB ns'kksa dks çfrHkkxh& HkwVku] eaxksfy;k] Jhyadk] baMksusf'k;k] FkkbZySaM]
vfrfFk ns'k ds rkSj ij vkeaf=kr fd;k gSA fo;ruke] usiky] nf{k.k dksfj;k] ekWjh'kl] :l] Lisu]
bl lfeV esa Hkkjr dh vksj ls ih,e eksnh us fgLlk Úkal] vesfjdk vkSj fczVsuA
fy;kA Fkhe& ¶u, ;qx esa ekuorkokn dk fl¼kar¸A
;g lEesyu Hkkjr }kjk çfrikfnr ekuoh; ewY;ksa ds z uks euh iQkWj Vsjj* lEesyu
oSf'od çHkko dks js•kafdr djrk gSA 18 vkSj 19 uoacj dks ubZ fnYyh esa rhljk eaf=kLrjh;
nwljh cSBd dk fo"k; ^dy ds 'kgjksa dk foÙkiks"k.k& ûks euh iQkWj Vsjj* lEesyu vk;ksftr djsxkA
lekos'kh] yphyk vkSj fVdkÅ* gSA mís';& isfjl (2018) vkSj esycuZ (2019) esa fiNys
nks lEesyuksa esa varjkZ"Vªh; leqnk; }kjk vkradoknh

G20 Hkkjrh; vè;{krk ds rgr nwljh G20 baÚkLVªDpj
foÙkiks"k.k ls fuiVus ij gqbZ ppkZ dks vkxs c<+kukA
ofdZax xzqi (IWG) dh cSBd 28&29 ekpZ 2023 dks
z ty egksRlo
vka/z çns'k ds fo'kk•kiÙkue esa vk;ksftr dh xbZ FkhA
eè; çns'k i;ZVu cksMZ }kjk •aMok ds guqeafr;k }hi
z jk;lhuk Mk;ykWx
ij ^ty egksRlo* ds 7osa laLdj.k dk vk;kstu fd;k
;g Hkwjktuhfr ij Hkkjr dk çeq• lEesyu gSA x;kA
fons'k ea=kky; }kjk vkWCtoZj fjlpZ iQkmaMs'ku ds lg;ksx fnukad% 28 uoacj] 2022 ls 28 tuojh] 2023 rdA
ls vk;ksftr fd;k x;kA 2022 G20 ckyh f'k•j lEesyu
Fkhe& ¶mÙkstuk] vfuf'prrk] v'kkafr% rwiQku esa 15&16 uoacj
çdk'kLraHkA¸ LFkku% uqlk nqvk] ckyh] (baMksusf'k;k)A
eq[; vfrfFk& tkWftZ;k esyksuh (bVyh dh çFke efgyk Fkhe& ^,d lkFk mcjsa] etcwr gksdj mcjsa*A
ç/kuea=kh) Hkkjr 2023 G20 f'k•j lEesyu dh estckuh dj
z f'kYi lekxe 2022 jgk gSA

Fkhe& ¶olqnso dqVqacde¸
f'kYi lekxe 2022 & dk mn~?kkVu dsaæh; ea=kh ohjsaæ dqekj
us fd;kA z 'ka?kkbZ lg;ksx laxBu (,llhvks) f'k•j lEesyu 2022
LFkku&lejdan] mt~csfdLrku
LFkku% ubZ fnYyh
bldh vè;{krk mTcsfdLrku ds jk"Vªifr egkefge Jh
fnukad% 1&15 uoacj] 2022
'kkSdr feftZ;ks;so us dhA
çfrHkkxh% 'kh"kZ fuxeksa ds ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dks vius gLrf'kYi mÙkj çns'k esa okjk.klh dks o"kZ 2022&2023 ds fy,
mRiknksa dks çnf'kZr djus vkSj cspus ds fy, vkeaf=kr igyh ,llhvks i;ZVu vkSj lkaLÑfrd jkt/kuh ds :i
fd;k x;k gS esa ukfer fd;k x;k gSA
eè; çns'k ls& ihry ds mRikn] ekgs'ojh] pansjh] ckx Hkkjr us 'ka?kkbZ lg;ksx laxBu (,llhvks) 2023 dh
fçaV] lwV] Mªsl lkexzh] lkM+h vkSj vpkj mRikn FksA vkorhZ vè;{krk xzg.k dh gSA


WALLAH
13 i;kZoj.k ,oa ikfjfLFkfrdh
z dkyk ewaxk ekWfUVª;y esa COP15 dk estcku phu gSA

gky gh esa vkWLVªsfy;k ds rV ij xzsV cSfj;j jhiQ vkSj tSfod fofo/rk ij la;qÙkQ jk"Vª lEesyu (COP15)
dksjy lkxj esa dkys ewaxksa dh 5 ubZ çtkfr;ksa dh •kst 2030 rd çÑfr ij oSf'od dkjZokbZ dk ekxZn'kZu djus
dh xbZA ds fy, ,d ,sfrgkfld le>kSrs ds lkFk 19 fnlacj
dkys ewaxs mFkys ikuh esa vkSj 26]000 iQhV ls vf/d 2022 dks ekWfUVª;y] dukMk esa lekIr gqvkA
dh xgjkbZ rd ik, tk ldrs gSaA dkys ewaxs ekalkgkjh tSfod fofo/rk ij dUosa'ku (lhchMh] 1992) tSfod
gksrs gSaA
fofo/rk ds laj{k.k ds fy, dkuwuh :i ls ckè;dkjh
z xzsV cSfj;j jhiQ •rjs esa gS laf/ gSA
29 uoacj] 2022 dks baVjus'kuy ;wfu;u iQkWj datoZs'ku
la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk vkSj osfVdu lhchMh ds i{kdkj
vkWiQ uspj (IUCN) vkSj ;wusLdks ds oYMZ gsfjVst lsaVj
ugha gSaA
(WHC) dh ,d la;qÙkQ fjiksVZ us vkWLVªsfy;k esa xzsV
cSfj;j jhiQ (GBR) dh fLFkfr ds ckjs esa fpark trkbZA z vR;k/qfud jk"Vªh; çf'k{k.k dsaæ
mUgksaus dgk fd bls ¶•rjs esa fo'o fojklr dh lwph dsaæh; LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kh MkW- eulq•
esa 'kkfey fd;k tkuk pkfg,¸A eaMkfo;k us xkft;kckn esa Hkkjrh; •k| lqj{kk vkSj
xzsV cSfj;j jhiQ nqfu;k dh lcls cM+h ewaxk pêðku ç.kkyh ekud çkf/dj.k (,iQ,l,l,vkbZ) ds fy, vR;kèkqfud
gS] ftlesa 2]900 ls vf/d of'k"V pêðkusa] 900 }hi jk"Vªh; çf'k{k.k dsaæ dk mn~?kkVu fd;k gSA
vkSj yxHkx 344]400 oxZ fdyksehVj dk {ks=k 'kkfey bl volj ij ,d bZ&yfuZax ,si& •k| lqj{kk vkSj
gSA ;g vkWLVªsfy;k ds DohalySaM rV ij fLFkr gSA çek.ku (FoSTaC) Hkh ykWUp fd;k x;kA
xzsV cSfj;j jhiQ dks 1981 esa fo'o /jksgj LFky ds :i
z bZV jkbV LVs'ku* çek.ku
esa vafdr fd;k x;k FkkA
xqokgkVh jsyos LVs'ku dks FSSAI (Hkkjrh; •k| lqj{kk
z gkbMªkstu pkfyr foeku
fnlacj 2022 esa] ,;jykbu EasyJet vkSj jksYl&jkW;l
vkSj ekud çkf/dj.k) }kjk ^bZV jkbV LVs'ku* çek.ku
us gkbMªkstu&lapkfyr foeku batu dk liQyrkiwoZd ls lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA
ijh{k.k fd;kA z lriqM+k jk"Vªh; m|ku
;g foekuu ds fy, nqfu;k dk igyk ijh{k.k gSA lriqM+k us'kuy ikdZ dks csLV okbYMykbiQ MsfLVus'ku
uhyk gkbMªkstu vius gjs gkbMªkstu led{k dh rqyuk Js.kh esa bafM;k VqMs dk ,fMVj pkWbl vokWMZ feyk-
esa dgha vf/d miyC/ gS] gkykafd i;kZoj.kfonksa }kjk z dquks jk"Vªh; m|ku
bldk fojks/ fd;k tkrk gS D;ksafd ;g çkÑfrd xSl
eq[;ea=kh Jh f'kojkt flag pkSgku us nf{k.k vÚhdk
ls ,d çfØ;k esa mRiUu gksrk gS tks ok;qeaMy esa dkcZu
ls yk;s x;s 12 phrksa dks ';ksiqj ftys esa fLFkr dwuks
MkbvkWDlkbM NksM+rk gSA
ikyiqj jk"Vªh; m|ku esa NksM+kA
z ;w,ulhchMh dk lhvksih 15
buesa 7 uj phrs vkSj 5 eknk phrs 'kkfey gSaA
fnlacj] 2022 esa ekWfUVª;y] dukMk esa vk;ksftr fd;k
x;kA blls igys ç/kuea=kh ujsaæ eksnh us 17 flracj 2022
cSBd dk LFkku& dqufeax] phu vkSj ekWfUVª;y] dukMk] dks vius tUefnu ij ukehfc;k ls yk, x, 8 phrksa
nks pj.kksa esaA dks dwuks us'kuy ikdZ esa NksM+k FkkA
ckn esa 27 ekpZ 2023 dks dwuks us'kuy ikdZ esa i;kZoj.k] ou vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu ea=kky; us
ukehfc;k ls NksM+h xbZ eknk phrk ^lk'kk* dh fdMuh esa uhydqfjath dks oU;tho (laj{k.k) vf/fu;e] 1972 dh
laØe.k ds dkj.k ekSr gks xbZA vuqlwph III ds rgr lajf{kr ikS/ksa dh lwph esa lwphc¼
z FkkuFkkbZ isfj;kj oU;tho vHk;kj.; fd;k gSA
rfeyukMq us FkkuFkkbZ isfj;kj oU;tho vHk;kj.; dks ikS/s dks m•kM+us ;k u"V djus okyksa ij 25]000 #i;s
jkT; dk 18oka oU;tho vHk;kj.; ?kksf"kr fd;kA dk tqekZuk vkSj rhu lky dh dSn gksxh
z xa/enZu fgy jsat ;g ,d m".kdfVca/h; ikS/s dh çtkfr gS tks if'peh
vksfM'kk ljdkj us ckjx<+ vkSj cykaxhj ftys esa xaèkenZu

?kkV ds 'kksyk taxyksa dh ewy fuoklh gSA
fgy jsat dks tSo fofo/rk fojklr LFky ?kksf"kr fd;k gSA uhydqfjath ds iQwy cSaxuh&uhys jax ds gksrs gSa vkSj 12
z iwokZsÙkj Hkkjr dk igyk laihfM+r ck;ksxSl la;a=k lky esa ,d ckj f•yrs gSaA
eq[; vfrfFk eq[;ea=kh fgear fcLok ljek us vle esa
z oSf'od tksf•e fjiksVZ
mÙkj iwoZ ds igys laihfM+r ck;ksxSl la;a=k dk mn~?kkVu oSf'od tksf•e fjiksVZ fo'o vkfFkZd eap }kjk tkjh
fd;kA dh tkrh gSA

okf"kZd cSBd% nkoksl] fLoV~tjySaM esaA
z Hkkjr tyok;q ds fy, Ñf"k uokpkj fe'ku esa 'kkfey
gqvkA laLdj.k&18oka
tyok;q ds fy, Ñf"k uokpkj fe'ku ,d la;qÙkQ z igyk dkcZu&rVLFk iQkeZ

vesfjdh igy gSA dsjy ds ,d cht iQkeZ dks ns'k dk igyk dkcZu&rVLFk
bldh 'kq#vkr ;w,bZ vkSj vesfjdk us dh FkhA iQkeZ ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gSA
z xsgwa dh ubZ fdLe z tyok;q ifjorZu fe'ku
rfeyukMq viuk Lo;a dk tyok;q ifjorZu fe'ku 'kq:
Hkkjrh; Ñf"k vuqla/ku ifj"kn us xsgwa dh ubZ fdLe
,pMh&3385 fodflr dh gSA djus okyk igyk jkT; cuus tk jgk gSA
,d fo'ks"k ç;kstu okgu&rfeyukMq xzhu DykbesV daiuh
z vek Ø'kkbZ
(TNGCC)&jkT; tyok;q dk;Z ;kstuk dks ykxw djsxhA
Hkkjr dk igyk Ñf"k pSVckWV ^vek Ø'kkbZ* vksfM'kk
esa ykWUp fd;k x;kA ;g pSVckWV fdlkuksa dks lokZsÙke z dkosjh nf{k.k oU;tho vHk;kj.;
Ñf"k i¼fr;ksa] ljdkjh ;kstukvksa vkSj 40 ls vf/d rfeyukMq ds dkosjh nf{k.k oU;tho vHk;kj.; dks
okf.kfT;d vkSj lgdkjh cSadksa ds ½.k mRiknksa esa enn 17osa oU;tho vHk;kj.; ds :i esa vf/lwfpr fd;k
djsxkA x;kA
z ,e,lbZ,iQlh mRÑ"Vrk iqjLdkj&2022 bldk xBu 1987 esa oU;tho laj{k.k vf/fu;e] 1973
dsaæ ljdkj us eè; çns'k ds ,e,l,ebZ ds foyafcr

ds rgr fd;k x;k Fkk
Hkqxrku ds lek/ku ds fy, etcwr olwyh çfØ;k blesa nks gkFkh xfy;kjs 'kkfey gSa%
vkSj ekeyksa ds Rofjr fuiVku ds fy, lw{e vkSj uafneaxye &myhcank dkWfjMksj
y?kq m|e lqfo/k ifj"kn dks ,e,lbZ,iQlh mRÑ"Vrk dksobZ ikye&vusfcígYyk dkWfjMksjA
iqjLdkj&2022 ls lEekfur fd;k gSA dkosjh unh ij fuHkZj unh çtkfr;ksa ds laj{k.k ds fy,
z dkaxsj ?kkVh jk"Vªh; m|ku dkosjh csflu dk laj{k.k egRoiw.kZ gSA
NÙkhlx<+ ds dkaxsj ?kkVh jk"Vªh; m|ku esa ,d nqyZHk z jkuhiqj Vkbxj fjtoZ
ukjaxh jax dk pexknM+ ns•k x;k gSA mÙkj çns'k dk jkuhiqj Vkbxj fjtoZ Hkkjr dk 53oka
z uhydqfjath Vkbxj fjtoZ cu x;k gSA

i;kZoj.k ea=kky; us uhydqfjath dks lajf{kr ikS/ksa dh jkuhiqj esa fLFkr gS vkSj nq/ok] ihyhHkhr vkSj vekux<+
lwph esa 'kkfey fd;k gS ds ckn mÙkj çns'k dk pkSFkk ck?k vHk;kj.; gSA

WALLAH
jkuhiqj oU;tho vHk;kj.; dh LFkkiuk 1978 esa z jkuh deykifr jsyos LVs'ku
gqbZ FkhA jkuh deykifr jsyos LVs'ku Hkksiky eaMy dks Hkkjrh;
;g eè; çns'k esa iUuk Vkbxj fjtoZ ls 150 fdeh
•k| lqj{kk ,oa ekud çkf/dj.k }kjk îQkbo LVkj bZV
nwj fLFkr gSA jkbV LVs'ku* çkIr gqvkA
z rjkbZ gkFkh fjtoZ
z ubZ dSVfiQ'k çtkfr
mÙkj çns'k esa rjkbZ gkFkh fjtoZ dh LFkkiuk dh tk;sxhA
vkbZlh,vkj&us'kuy C;wjks vkWiQ fiQ'k tsusfVd fjlkslZst
;g 3]049 oxZ fdeh {ks=k esa iQSyk gksxkA
(vkbZlh,vkj&,uch,iQthvkj) }kjk ubZ dSVfiQ'k çtkfr
;g Hkkjr esa LFkkfir gksus okyk 33oka gkFkh fjtoZ gksxkA
dh •kst dh xbZ gSA
çkstsDV ,fyiQsaV ds rgr fiNys rhu eghuksa esa dsaæh;
i;kZoj.k ea=kky; ls eatwjh ikus okyk ;g rhljk gkFkh tkfr&iaxsfl;lA

fjtoZ gS esêðwj cka/ (rfeyukMq) esa ik;k x;k
vU; nks NÙkhlx<+ esa yse: vkSj rfeyukMq esa z ?kkfV;kuk f}o.kZ
vxLR;eykbZ gSaA ehBs ikuh ds dsdM+s dh ubZ çtkfr ¶?kkfV;kuk¸ f}o.kZ
z vYyesfu;k eYVhÝyksjk if'peh ?kkV esa •kstk x;kA
vYyesfu;k eYVhÝyksjk iyDdM+ esa •ksth xbZ ikS/s dh
tkfr&?kfV;kuk
,d ubZ çtkfr gSA
thul& vYyesfu;kA
z ^tLV Vªkaft'ku* igy
z ,f'k;k dk lcls cM+k daçsLM ck;ksxSl dsU;k vkSj nf{k.k vÚhdk }kjk ?kksf"krA
,f'k;k dk lcls cM+k laihfM+r ck;ksxSl (lhchth) mís';& IykfLVd çnw"k.k •Re djukA
la;a=k iatkc ds ysgjkxkxk esa cuk;k x;k gSA IykfLVd dks pj.kc¼ rjhds ls lekIr djus ds fy,
z nqxkZorh Vkbxj fjtoZ varj ljdkjh okrkZ lfefr (vkbZ,ulh) dk igyk l=k
eè; çns'k oU;tho cksMZ iUuk Vkbxj fjtoZ ds ck?kksa m#Xos esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k (28 uoacj ls 2 fnlacj]
dh estckuh ds fy, nqxkZorh Vkbxj fjtoZ uked ,d 2022)A
u;k ck?k fjtoZ LFkkfir djsxkA
z bZ;w mRltZu O;kikj ç.kkyh
;g ujflagiqj] neksg vkSj lkxj dks doj djrs gq,
yxHkx 2]339 oxZ fdeh esa iQSyk gksxkA ;wjksih; la?k ds lnL; ns'kksa us CykWd ds dkcZu cktkj
z LysaMj yksfjl vHk;kj.; esa lq/kj ds fy, ,d bZVh,l le>kSrs dh ?kks"k.kk dhA
rfeyukMq us Hkkjr ds igys LysaMj yksfjl vHk;kj.;
;g fctyh mRikndksa vkSj mPp ÅtkZ ekax okys m|ksxksa
dh estckuh dhA dks ¶çnw"kd Hkqxrku¸ fl¼kar ds rgr vius dkcZu
;g d:j vkSj fMaMhxqy ftyksa esa 11]806 gsDVs;j mRltZu dks doj djus ds fy, ¶eqÝr HkÙks¸ •jhnus
esa iQSyk gqvk gSA dh vuqefr nsrk gSA

i;kZoj.k ,oa ikfjfLFkfrdh 111

14 foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh
z dsjy viuh baVjusV lsok 'kq: djus okyk ns'k dk igyk z Hkkjrh; varfj{k vuqla/ku laxBu (bljks) us JhgfjdksVk
jkT; cu x;k gSA ls ft;ksflaØksul lSVsykbV ykWUp Oghdy (th,l,yoh)
dsjy iQkbcj vkWfIVd usVodZ (K-FON) ds uke ls }kjk nwljh ih<+h ds igys usfoxs'ku mixzg ,uoh,l&1 dks
20 yk• ifjokjksa ds fy, eqÝr baVjusV dusD'ku ;kstuk liQyrkiwoZd ykWUp fd;kA
'kq: dhA z j{kk ea=kky; us j{kk {kerkvksa dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, 5]400
z GE ,;jksLisl vkSj fganqLrku ,;jksukWfVDl fyfeVsM us Hkkjrh; djksM+ #i;s ds 3 vuqca/ksa ij gLrk{kj fd,] rhu vuqca/&
ok;q lsuk ds gYds yM+kdw foeku (LCA)&Mk&2 rstl tsV nks Hkkjr bysDVªkWfuDl fyfeVsM (chbZ,y)] xkft;kckn ds
batu ds la;qÙkQ mRiknu ds fy, ,d le>kSrk fd;kA lkFk vkSj ,d U;wLisl bafM;k fyfeVsM (,u,lvkbZ,y)
z tyekxZ ea=kh lckZuan lksuksoky us Hkkjr ds igys varjjk"Vªh; ds lkFk ns'k dh j{kk {kerkvksa dks c<+kus ds fy, gLrk{kj
Øwt tgkt&,eoh ,Eçsl dks psUubZ ls Jhyadk ds fy, fd, x,A
gjh >aMh fn•kbZA z vÚhdh ns'k dsU;k us viuk igyk vkWijs'kuy ;w vFkZ
z ohfM;ks dkWUÚsaflax IysViQkWeZ ^twe* dh ewy daiuh twe vkWCtoZs'ku lSVsykbV ykWUp fd;k] ftls rkbiQk&1 lSVsykbV
ohfM;ks dE;qfuds'kal dks nwjlapkj foHkkx ls ,d jk"VªO;kih uke fn;k x;k gSA
nwjlapkj ykblsal çkIr gqvk gS] ftlds rgr daiuh vc ns'k dsU;k varfj{k ,tsalh us 11 vçSy dks dSfyiQksfuZ;k ds
esa m|e xzkgdksa dks VsyhiQksu lsok,a çnku djsxhA oSaMsucxZ Lisl iQkslZ csl ls Lisl,Dl iQkYdu 9 jkWdsV
z rsyaxkuk ljdkj us LVsV jkscksfVDl ÚseodZ uked ,d ubZ ij viuk mixzg ykWUp fd;kA
uhfr is'k dh gS tks ,d vkRefuHkZj jkscksfVDl ikfjfLFkfrdh z Hkkjr dh futh varfj{k daiuh LdkbZ:V ,;jksLisl us
ra=k LFkkfir djrh gSA 3Mh&fçaVsM Øk;kstsfud batu /ou&II dk liQy ijh{k.k
fd;kA
vkWy bafM;k jkscksfVDl ,lksfl,'ku ds lg;ksx ls rsyaxkuk
ds vkbZVhbZ ,aM lh foHkkx ds beftZax VsDuksykWtht foax ;g batu djhc 200 lsdsaM rd ,fDVo eksM esa jgrk
}kjk fodflr fd;k x;k gSA gSA bldk ijh{k.k ukxiqj esa LdkbZ:V ds Lons'kh :i
z ih,e eksnh ds lalnh; {ks=k okjk.klh ds yky cgknqj 'kkL=kh ls fodflr eksckby Øk;kstsfud batu ijh{k.k iSM ls
varjjk"Vªh; gokbZ vîós ij ns'k ds igys jhfMax ykmat dk foØe&f}rh; jkWdsV ds fy, fd;k x;k FkkA
mn~?kkVu fd;k x;k gSA ;gka okjk.klh ls tqM+h fdrkcsa ekStwn z Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk us lqjf{kr leqæh lapkj fodflr djus ds
gSaA fy, jeu fjlpZ baLVhVÔwV (vkjvkjvkbZ) ds lkFk ,d
le>kSrs ij gLrk{kj fd,] bl leqæh lapkj ds fodkl esa
z baVjusV LihM VsfLVax Vsd iQeZ Ådyk (Ookla) us Xykscy
DokaVe çkS|ksfxfd;ksa dk mi;ksx fd;k tk,xkA
LihM VsLV fjiksVZ tkjh dh gSA eksckby baVjusV LihM esa drj
189-98 ,echih,l dh vkSlr MkmuyksM LihM ds lkFk z Hkkjr dh igyh lseh&gkbZ LihM {ks=kh; jsy lsok dk
'kh"kZ ij gSA Hkkjr bl lwph esa 60osa LFkku ij gSA uke ^jSfiM,Dl* FkkA bldk lapkyu jk"Vªh; jkt/kuh {ks=k
ifjogu fuxe }kjk fd;k tk,xkA
z ch,l,u,y us Hkkjr esa 4th usVodZ 'kq: djus ds fy,
Vsd iQeZ VkVk dalYVsalh lfoZlst (Vhlh,l) dks ` 15]000 ^jhtuy jSfiM VªkaftV flLVe* dkWfjMksj ij pysaxh tks
djksM+ dk vkWMZj fn;k gSA jk"Vªh; jkt/kuh {ks=k ds çeq• 'kgjksa dks tksM+sxhA
z Hkkjr esa igyh ckj ikuh ds uhps esVªks jsy dk lapkyu z bUiQksfll us m|ksx esa DykmM viukus esa rsth ykus ds fy,
liQyrkiwoZd fd;k x;k] ijh{k.k ds nkSjku gqxyh unh ds ekbØkslkWÝV ds lkFk lg;ksx fd;k gSA
uhps 520 ehVj dh lqjax ls esVªks jsy dk lapkyu fd;k x;kA z dsjy eSugksy dh liQkbZ ds fy, jkscksfVd liQkbZ e'khuksa
z Hkkjr dk igyk 3&Mh fçaVsM iksLV vkWfiQl csaxyq# esa cuk;k dk mi;ksx djus okyk ns'k dk igyk jkT; gSA
tk jgk gS] bldk fuekZ.k 1100 oxZ iQhV esa fd;k tk,xk] z VkVk eksVlZ vkSj mcj us 25000 XPRES-T EVs ds fy,
ftldh vuqekfur ykxr 23 yk• #i;s crkbZ tk jgh gSA le>kSrk Kkiu ij gLrk{kj fd,
z vesfjdk ds VsDlkl ls nqfu;k dk lcls cM+k vkSj lcls z WHO gSnjkckn esa mRNA oSDlhu gc LFkkfir djsxkA
'kfÙkQ'kkyh jkWdsV ^LVkjf'ki* ykWUp fd;kA ç{ksi.k ds dqN z ns'k dk igyk lsehdaMDVj IykaV xqtjkr ds /ksysjk esa
nsj ckn gh blesa foLiQksV gks x;kA LFkkfir fd;k tk,xkA
z ç/kuea=kh ujsaæ eksnh us dsjy ds dksfPp esa ns'k dh igyh ;g Hkkjrh; daiuh osnkark vkSj rkbokuh bysDVªkWfuDl
okWVj esVªks lsok dk mn~?kkVu fd;kA daiuh iQkWDldkWu dk la;qÙkQ m|e gSA
dsjy ljdkj vkSj teZu ,tsalh KFW dh iQafMax ls z bljks }kjk fodflr ,l,l,yoh&Mh2 jkWdsV dh enn ls
'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA igyk DykmM&fufeZr çn'kZu mixzg tsul&1 liQyrkiwoZd
dsjy ljdkj us blesa 100 djksM+ #i;s dk fuos'k fd;k
ykWUp fd;k x;kA
gSA ;g okWVj esVªks dksfPp ds 10 }hiksa dks tksM+sxhA ,aVkfjl ds ,aM&Vw&,aM DykmM IysViQkWeZ ds lkFk iwjh
z eafnj 'kgj esa lhost lkiQ djus ds fy, ,d jkscksfVd rjg ls fMtkbu vkSj fufeZrA
liQkbZdehZ] cSafMdwV] ykWUp fd;kA ;g vius lHkh pkyw z csaxyq# fLFkr fiQuVsd LVkVZvi osyksflVh us vksiu,vkbZ
eSugksyksa dks lkiQ djus ds fy, jkscksfVd rduhd dk ds pSVthihVh ds lkFk ,dhÑr gksdj Hkkjr dh igyh
mi;ksx djus okyk ns'k dk igyk jkT; cu x;k gSA pSVthihVh&lapkfyr ysDlh ykWUp dh gSA
z gfj;k.kk ds djuky esa jk"Vªh; Ms;jh vuqla/ku laLFkku bZ&dkWelZ lkbVksa dks muds egRoiw.kZ O;kolkf;d dk;ks±
(,uMhvkjvkbZ) us ns'k dh igyh Dyksu nslh fxj uLy dh dks c<+kus esa enn djus ds fy, Hkkjr dk igyk pkSVckWV
eknk cfN;k iSnk dh gS] ftldk uke ^xaxk* gSA ykWUp fd;k x;kA
z Hkkjrh; varfj{k vuqla/ku laxBu (ISRO) dk lcls Hkkjh z bljks us lcls NksVk jkWdsV ,l,l,yoh Mh&2 ykWUp fd;kA
jkWdsV ykWUp Oghdy ekdZ 3 (,yoh,e3 ;k th,l,yoh blus rhu mixzgksa EOS&07] Janus&1 vkSj Azaadi
ekdZ 3) vka/z çns'k ds JhgfjdksVk esa lrh'k /ou varfj{k SAT-2 dks liQyrkiwoZd ykWUp fd;kA
dsaæ ls ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA z vesfjdu ,lksfl,'ku vkWiQ fiQftf'k;u vkWiQ bafM;u
z LVM3 ykxr çHkkoh rjhds ls GTO (ft;ksflaØksul VªkaliQj vksfjftu (,,ihvkbZ) vkSj eè; çns'k ljdkj ds chp
vkWfcZV) esa 4000 fdyksxzke varfj{k ;ku ykWUp djus dh ,evks;w ij gLrk{kj fd;sA
{kerk çkIr djus ds fy, bljks dk u;k gsoh fyÝV ykWUp ;g ,evks;w fpfdRlk f'k{kk foHkkx ds buksos'ku esfMdy
okgu gSA ukWyst 'ks;fjax fe'ku ds rgr fd;k tk,xkA

z vkbZvkbZVh eækl dks ySc xzksu Mk;eaM~l (,ythMh) ij z dksy bafM;k fyfeVsM cM+s iSekus ij ,e&lSaM ifj;kstuk,a
'kks/ ds fy, ikap lky dh vof/ esa 242 djksM+ #i;s dk 'kq: djsxhA
vuqnku çnku fd;k tk,xkA ,e&lSaM Ñf=ke jsr dk ,d :i gS] tks dBksj iRFkjksa]
z baLVkxzke us vkfVZiQSDV ykWUp fd;k gS] tks baLVkxzke ds eq[; :i ls pêðkuksa ;k xzsukbV dks dqpydj ckjhd
lg&laLFkkid dsfou flLVªkWe vkSj ekbd Økbxj }kjk cuk;k d.kksa esa cuk;k tkrk gS] ftUgsa ckn esa /ks;k tkrk gS
x;k ,d lekpkj ,si gSA vkSj ihlk tkrk gSA
z fgCcVkZsIVsjl ySElMsyh fo'kky leqæh fcPNw dh ,d ubZ z vkbZvkbZVh eækl dh buD;wcsVsM iQeZ us Hkkjksl uked ,d
çtkfr gSA eksckby vkWijsfVax flLVe ykWUp fd;k gSA
;g fdlh Hkh FkMZ ikVhZ ,si dks MkmuyksM djus dh
z dsjy ds f=k'kwj ftys esa bfjutknkiYyh Jh Ñ".k eafnj us
igyh ckj vuq"Bku dk;ks± ds fy, ,d jkscksfVd gkFkh dks vuqefr ugha nsxkA
'kkfey fd;k gSA Hkkjksl ,d xksiuh;rk&dsafær vkWijsfVax flLVe gSA
foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh 113

z dsjy dk dksYye ftyk ns'k dk igyk lafo/ku lk{kj z yík• esa tYn gh rkjksa dks ns•us ds fy, 18 nwjchuksa ds
ftyk cu x;k gSA lkFk Hkkjr dk igyk MkdZ ukbV LdkbZ fjtoZ gksxkA
z Hkkjrh; fØdsV Vhe ds iwoZ dIrku egsaæ flag /ksuh us z Ldwyh f'k{kk esa vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal i<+kus okyk eè;
Lons'kh dSejk Mªksu ykWUp fd;k gSA çns'k ns'k dk igyk jkT; cu x;k gSA
bldk fuekZ.k x#M+ ,;jksLisl }kjk fd;k x;k gSA z eè; çns'k iSDl (çkFkfed Ñf"k lgdkjh lk• lfefr)
Mªksu dk uke æksf.k gSA daI;wVjhÑr gksus okyk ns'k dk igyk jkT; cu x;kA
z i`Foh&2 dks 10 tuojh 2023 dks vksfM'kk rV ds ikl z UIDAI us u;k pSVckWV ^vk/kj fe=k* ykWUp fd;kA
pkanhiqj fLFkr ,dhÑr ijh{k.k jsat ls liQyrkiwoZd çf'kf{kr vk/kj fe=k& vk/kj ls lacaf/r fo"k;ksa ij ç'uksa dk
fd;k x;k FkkA mÙkj nsus] vk/kj dsaæ dk irk yxkus] vk/kj ukekadu@
bldh jsat djhc 250&350 fdeh gS] ;g ,d Vu isyksM v|ru fLFkfr dh tkap djus] ihohlh dkMZ vkWMZj dh
ys tk ldrk gSA fLFkfr dh tkap djus] f'kdk;r ntZ djus vkfn ds ckjs
;g lrg ls lrg ij ekj djus okyh de nwjh dh esa tkudkjh çnku djus ds fy, vPNh rjg ls çf'kf{krA
cSfyfLVd felkby (SRBM) gSA z phu us Beidou ^mixzg usfoxs'ku ç.kkyh ykWUp dhA
IGMDP ds rgr ikap felkbysa fodflr dh xbZa&i`Foh] z psUubZ fLFkr LVkVZvi vfXudqy dkWlekWl us vka/z çns'k ds
vfXu] f=k'kwy] ukx] vkdk'kA JhgfjdksVk esa lrh'k /ou varfj{k dsaæ (,lMh,llh) esa
z tEew vkSj d'ehj ç'kklu ds fMftVy eksM dks iwjh rjg ls Hkkjr dk igyk futh ykWUpiSM vkSj fe'ku fu;a=k.k dsaæ
viukus okyk Hkkjr dk igyk dsaæ 'kkflr çns'k cu x;k gSA •ksykA
z dsjy ns'k dk igyk iw.kZ fMftVy cSafdax jkT; cu x;k gSA z FkqEck rV ls cgqmís'kh; lkmafMax jkWdsV vkj,p 200 dk
z phu gkbMªkstu ls pyus okyh 'kgjh Vªsusa 'kq: djus okyk yxkrkj 200oka ç{ksi.k liQyrkiwoZd fd;kA
,f'k;k dk igyk vkSj nqfu;k dk nwljk ns'k cu x;k gSA vkj,p 200% nks LVst okyk cgqmís';h; lkmafMax jkWdsVA
z Hkkjr ck;ksVsd us usty dksjksuk oSDlhu iNCOVACC rS;kj 70 fdyksehVj dh ÅapkbZ rd p<+us esa l{keA
dhA jksfg.kh jkWdsV ifjokj ls gSaA
z uklk vkSj Úkalhlh varfj{k ,tsalh lh,ubZ,l us i`Foh dh
z Hkkjr us vksfM'kk ds ,ihts vCnqy dyke }hi ls eè;e nwjh
lrg ij ikuh dk loZs{k.k djus ds fy, la;qÙkQ :i ls
dh cSfyfLVd felkby vfXu&3 dk ijh{k.k fd;kA
lrgh ty vkSj egklkxj LFkykÑfr (,lMCY;wvksVh) fe'ku
'kq: fd;k gSA igyh ckj 9 tqykbZ 2006 dks ijh{k.k fd;k x;kA
z Hkkjr mixzg lapkj ds fy, LisDVªe dh uhykeh djus okyk bldh ekjd {kerk 3]500 fdeh gS vkSj ;g 1-5 Vu
igyk ns'k gksxkA otu rd gfFk;kj ys tkus dh {kerk j•rh gSA
z ;w,bZ us igyk vjc fufeZr paæ varfj{k ;ku liQyrkiwoZd ;g vius jsat oxZ dh nqfu;k dh lcls lVhd j.kuhfrd
ykWUp fd;k cSfyfLVd felkby gSA
igyk vjc fufeZr paæ varfj{k ;ku Lisl,Dl iQkYdu z phu us viuk igyk varfj{k&vk/kfjr lkSj nwjchu ykWUp
9 jkWdsV }kjk varfj{k esa Hkstk x;k Fkk fd;kA
bls ÝyksfjMk ds dsi dSukosjy Lisl iQkslZ LVs'ku ls ftmDoku lSVsykbV ykWUp lsaVj ls ykWUx ekpZ&2Mh okgd
ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA jkWdsV ij ykWUp fd;k x;k FkkA
z es?kky; ljdkj us Vsd bZxy uked LVkVZvi ds lkFk ;g ^lkSj vf/dre* ds nkSjku lw;Z dh igys dh
feydj ,f'k;k dk igyk Mªksu fMyhojh lsaVj vkSj usVodZ vHkwriwoZ Nfo;ksa dks dSIpj djus vkSj mudk vè;;u
ykWUp fd;k gSA djus esa enn djsxkA

WALLAH
,yksu eLd us vkWfIVel ds uohure çksVksVkbi dk blds yxHkx 36]000 fdeh dh nwjh ij 8 mixzg gSaA
vukoj.k fd;k tks VsDlkl fLFkr vesfjdh daiuh }kjk ls 7 mixzg orZeku esa lfØ; gSaA
fodflr ,d áweukWbM jkscksV gSA 3 mixzg HkwLFkSfrd d{kk (GEO) esa gSaA
z Hkkjr ds jk"Vªifr us vkbZvkbZVh] xqokgkVh esa îje dke:i* 5 mixzg >qdh gqbZ Hkw&rqY;dkfyd d{kk (th,lvks)
lqijdaI;wVj lqfo/k vkSj lehj dh ,d mPp 'kfÙkQ lfØ; esa gSaA
vkSj fuf"Ø; ?kVd ç;ksx'kkyk dk mn~?kkVu fd;kA bldk mís'; Hkkjr esa usfoxs'ku] Vkbfeax vkSj fo'oluh;
blh lekjksg esa jk"Vªifr us vle ds fMCkzwx<+ vkSj eè; iksft'kfuax lsok,a çnku djuk gSA
çns'k ds tcyiqj esa us'kuy baLVhVÔwV vkWiQ ok;jksykWth z eqacbZ fMohtu ds LVs'kuksa ij ês?knwr* e'khusa yxkbZ FkhaA
ds tksuy baLVhVÔwV dh vk/kjf'kyk j•hA ;s e'khusa gok esa ekStwn tyok"i dks iksVZscy LoPN
z bljks us thih,l ç.kkyh ds fodYi ds :i esa Lons'kh is;ty esa ifjofrZr djrh gSaA
usfoxs'ku fon bafM;u dkaLVsys'ku (NavIC) ç.kkyh fodflr z jru bafM;k ,aVjçkbtst us viuk igyk ,aVh&Mªksu mRikn
dh gSA ¶fMiQsaMj¸ ykWUp fd;kA
;g ,d Hkkjrh; {ks=kh; usfoxs'ku lSVsykbV flLVe ;k ;g eSU;qvy vkSj vkfVZfiQf'k;y baVsfytsal (,vkbZ)
IRNSS gSA nksuksa ds ekè;e ls dke djrk gSA

bljks dh okf.kfT;d 'kk•k&,afVªDl us bls fodflr ;g fdlh Hkh uqdlku igqapkus ls igys vkdfLed •rjksa
fd;k FkkA dks rqjar csvlj djus esa l{ke gSA

foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh 115

15 Hkkjr% le>kSrs vkSj ,evks;w
1- ty çkS|ksfxdh dsaæ LFkkfir djus ds fy, le>kSrk Kkiu ij gLrk{kjA

Hkkjr vkSj btjkby
2- vkS|ksfxd] vuqla/ku ,oa fodkl lg;ksx ds fy,A
Hkkjr vkSj vesfjdk lsehdaMDVj lIykbZ psu vkSj buksos'ku ikVZujf'ki ij le>kSrk KkiuA
Hkkjr vkSj jksekfu;k f}i{kh; laca/ksa dks etcwr djus ds fy, j{kk lg;ksx le>kSrk
Hkkjr vkSj ;wukbVsM fdaxMe foKku vkSj uokpkj ij lg;ksx ds fy, le>kSrk KkiuA
Hkkjr vkSj esfDldks vuqla/ku] çkS|ksfxdh vkSj uokpkj lg;ksx ij le>kSrk KkiuA
Hkkjrh; vkSj ls'ksYl leqæh lqj{kk esa lwpuk lk>k djus ij le>kSrkA
Hkkjr vkSj xq;kuk gokbZ lsok le>kSrkA
Hkkjr vkSj la;qÙkQ vjc

gfjr gkbMªkstu vkSj leqæ ds vanj dusfDVfoVh ds fodkl ij le>kSrkA
vehjkr

16 Hkkjr% y{; vkSj mís';
y{; vkSj mís'; o"kZ

moZjd {ks=k esa vkRefuHkZjrk z 2023
fnYyh&eqacbZ ,Dlçslos dks iwjk djuk z 2023
dkyktkj dk mUewyu z 2023
lHkh ds fy, vkokl z igys y{; 2022 Fkk] vc bls c<+kdj 2024 dj fn;k
x;k gS
Ñf"k esa 'kwU; Mhty mi;ksx vkSj uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ ds mi;ksx z 2024
dk y{;
gj ?kj esa uy ls ty dh vkiwfrZ z 2024
lM+d nq?kZVukvksa esa 50» deh ykus dk y{; z 2024
5 fVªfy;u MkWyj dh Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk cukuk z 2024&25
Vhch eqÙkQ Hkkjr dk y{; z 2025

isVªksy esa 20» bFksukWy feJ.k z 2025
100 ehfVªd Vu dks;yk xSlhdj.k gkfly djus dk y{; z 2030
500 xhxkokWV uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ gkfly djus dk y{; z 2030
Hkkjr ls eysfj;k dk mUewyu z 2030
,pvkbZoh ,M~l dk mUewyu z 2030
jsyos dk 'kq¼ 'kwU; dkcZu mRltZu y{; z 2030
Hkkjr dks ÅtkZ vkRefuHkZj cukus dk y{; z 2047
Hkkjr dk usV thjks y{; z 2070

17 egRoiw.kZ lwpdkad vkSj fjiksVZ
z Xykscy fyosfcfyVh baMsDl% bdksukWfeLV baVsfytsal vka/z çns'k gSaA dsaæh; •k| vkSj miHkksÙkQk ekeyksa ds ea=kh
;wfuV (bZvkbZ;w) }kjk tkjh fd;k x;kA ih;w"k xks;y us Hkkjr esa •k| vkSj iks"k.k lqj{kk ij jkT;
2022 esa nqfu;k Hkj esa lcls vf/d jgus ;ksX; 'kgjA •k| eaf=k;ksa ds ,d lEesyu ds nkSjku ^,u,iQ,l, ds
fo;uk] vkWfLVª;k
fy, jkT; jSafdax lwpdkad* 2022 tkjh fd;kA
ljdkj dh jSafdax ds vuqlkj] vksfM'kk 0-836 vad ds
dksisugsxu] MsuekdZ
lkFk igys LFkku ij gS] mlds ckn mÙkj çns'k (0-797)
t~;wfj•] fLoV~tjySaM
vkSj vka/z çns'k (0-794) gSaA lwpdkad dk orZeku
dSyxjh] dukMk
laLdj.k VhihMh,l (yf{kr lkoZtfud forj.k ç.kkyh)
oSUdwoj] dSuMk
ds rgr lapkyu vkSj igy ds ekè;e ls ,u,iQ,l,
ftusok] fLoV~tjySaM dk;kZUo;u dh çHkko'khyrk dks ekirk gSA
ÚSadiQVZ] teZuh z Xykscy tsaMj xSi baMsDl 2022
VksjaVks dukMk fo'o vkfFkZd eap (MCY;wbZ,iQ) ds Xykscy tsaMj xSi
,ELVMZe] uhnjySaM baMsDl 2022 esa dqy 146 ns'kksa esa Hkkjr 135osa LFkku
vkslkdk] tkiku vkSj esycuZ] vkWLVªsfy;k (VkbZ) ij gSA vkblySaM us 146 ns'kksa ds chp nqfu;k ds lcls
z 2022 esa nqfu;k Hkj esa lcls de jgus ;ksX; 'kgj
vf/d fyax&leku ns'k ds :i esa viuk LFkku cjdjkj
rsgjku] bZjku
j•k gSA
fiQuySaM] ukWoZs] U;wthySaM vkSj LohMu Øe'k% lwph esa
MkSvkyk] dSe:u
'kh"kZ ikap ns'k gSaA
gjkjs] ftEckCos
fjiksVZ esa viQxkfuLrku lcls •jkc çn'kZu djus okyk
<+kdk] cXykns'k
ns'k gSA
iksVZ eksjsLch] ih,uth
Hkkjr LokLF; vkSj mÙkjthfork esa 146osa] vkfFkZd
djkph] ikfdLrku
Hkkxhnkjh vkSj volj esa 143osa] 'kSf{kd miyfC/ esa
vYth;lZ] vYthfj;k 107osa vkSj jktuhfrd l'kfÙkQdj.k esa 48osa LFkku ij gSA
f=kiksyh] yhfc;k z Hkkjr buksos'ku baMsDl 2021
ykxksl] ukbthfj;k uhfr vk;ksx ds bafM;k buksos'ku baMsDl ds rhljs laLdj.k
nfe'd] lhfj;k esa dukZVd] ef.kiqj vkSj paMhx<+ 'kh"kZ ij gSa] tks jkT;ksa
nqfu;k ds lcls jgus ;ksX; 'kgjksa dh lwph esa Hkkjr ds 'kgjksa dk vkSj dsaæ 'kkflr çns'kksa dks muds uokpkj çn'kZu ds
çn'kZu •jkc jgk gSA Hkkjr dh jk"Vªh; jkt/kuh ubZ fnYyh lcls vk/kj ij dukZVd çeq• jkT;ksa dh Js.kh esa 'kh"kZ ij gS]
vf/d jgus ;ksX; 'kgjksa dh lwph esa 112osa LFkku ij gSA tcfd ef.kiqj mÙkj iwoZ vkSj igkM+h jkT;ksa dh Js.kh esa vxz.kh
Hkkjr dh vkfFkZd jkt/kuh eqacbZ 117osa LFkku ij gSA gS vkSj paMhx<+ dsaæ 'kkflr çns'kksa vkSj 'kgj jkT;ksa dh
z ,u,iQ,l, ds fy, jkT; jSafdax lwpdkad Js.kh esa 'kh"kZ ij gSA
jk'ku dh nqdkuksa ds ekè;e ls jk"Vªh; •k| lqj{kk z LVkVZ&vi jSafdax 2021
vfèkfu;e (,u,iQ,l,) ds dk;kZUo;u ds fy, jkT; jkT;ksa dh LVkVZ&vi jSafdax] 2021 ds rhljs laLdj.k
jSafdax esa vksfM'kk 'kh"kZ ij gS] blds ckn mÙkj çns'k vkSj esa xqtjkr vkSj dukZVd ¶loZJs"B çn'kZu djus okys¸
cudj mHkjs] tcfd es?kky; us iwokZsÙkj (,ubZ) jkT;ksa ds lkFk 25oka gSA oSf'od •k| lqj{kk (th,iQ,l)
esa 'kh"kZ lEeku gkfly fd;kA cM+s jkT;ksa esa 'kh"kZ çn'kZu lwpdkad 2021 esa Hkkjr 113 ns'kksa esa 71osa LFkku ij Fkk]
djus okyksa esa dsjy] egkjk"Vª] vksfM'kk vkSj rsyaxkuk th,iQ,l lwpdkad 2021 ij dqy Ldksj 57-2 vad FkkA
'kkfey gSaA
z usVodZ jsMhusl baMsDl 2022
NksVs jkT;ksa vkSj dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa esa] tEew vkSj d'ehj
dks 'kh"kZ çn'kZudrkZ pquk x;kA ;w,l&vk/kfjr iksVZqyUl baLVhVÔwV }kjk rS;kj usVodZ
iatkc] rfeyukMq] mÙkjk•aM] mÙkj çns'k] vaMeku vkSj
jsMhusl baMsDl 2022 (,uvkjvkbZ 2022) fjiksVZ ds
fudksckj }hi lewg] v#.kkpy çns'k vkSj xksok vxzs.kh vuqlkj Hkkjr viuh fLFkfr esa lq/kj djus ds fy, Ng
Js.kh esa gSaA LFkku vkxs c<+ x;k gS vkSj 61osa LFkku ij gSA Hkkjr
vkdka{kh vxz.kh dh Js.kh esa jkT;ksa vkSj dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa dk lexz Ldksj 2021 esa 49-74 ls c<+dj 2022 esa
esa NÙkhlx<+] fnYyh] eè; çns'k] jktLFkku] paMhx<+] 51-19 gks x;k gSA ,uvkjvkbZ 2022 fjiksVZ esa dqy
iqMqpsjh vkSj ukxkySaM 'kkfey gSaA 131 vFkZO;oLFkkvksa dks jSad fd;k x;k gS] tks oSf'od
z Xykscy gaxj baMsDl 2022 ldy ?kjsyw mRikn (thMhih) dk yxHkx 95 çfr'kr
Xykscy gaxj baMsDl esa Hkkjr 121 ns'kksa esa ls 107osa fgLlk gSaA
LFkku ij gS] ftlesa ;q¼xzLr viQxkfuLrku dks NksM+dj z tyok;q ifjorZu çn'kZu lwpdkad 2023
nf{k.k ,f'k;k ds lHkh ns'kksa dh rqyuk esa Hkkjr dh
fLFkfr •jkc gSA Hkkjr dk Ldksj 29-1 mls ^xaHkhj* tyok;q ifjorZu çn'kZu lwpdkad (lhlhihvkbZ) 2023
Js.kh esa j•rk gSA Hkkjr Jhyadk (64)] usiky (81)] tkjh fd;k x;k ftls rhu i;kZoj.kh; xSj ljdkjh laxBuksa
ckaXykns'k (84) vkSj ikfdLrku (99) ls Hkh uhps gSA }kjk çdkf'kr fd;k x;k FkkA teZuokWp] U;wDykbesV
viQxkfuLrku (109) nf{k.k ,f'k;k dk ,dek=k ns'k baLVhVÔwV vkSj DykbesV ,D'ku usVodZ (lh,,u)
gS ftldk çn'kZu lwpdkad esa Hkkjr ls Hkh •jkc gSA baVjus'kuyA tyok;q ifjorZu çn'kZu lwpdkad 2023
z LoPN loZs{k.k iqjLdkj 2022 (lhlhihvkbZ) esa Hkkjr 63 ns'kksa esa ls nks LFkku Åij
dsaæ ljdkj ds okf"kZd LoPNrk loZs{k.k ^LoPN loZs{k.k p<+dj vkBosa LFkku ij igqap x;kA
iqjLdkj 2022* ds urhts ?kksf"kr gksrs gh bankSj us yxkrkj z ç/kuea=kh tu /u ;kstuk ds ykHkkFkhZ%
NBh ckj Hkkjr ds lcls LoPN 'kgj dk f•rkc thrkA
loZJs"B çn'kZu djus okys jkT;ksa dh Js.kh esa eè; çns'k ykHkkFkhZ ykHkkFkhZ
jkT; ;kstuk dk çHkko
us igyk LFkku gkfly fd;k] mlds ckn NÙkhlx<+ vkSj jSad la[;k
egkjk"Vª dk LFkku jgkA fcgkj 1 84]89]231 vuqdj.kh; liQyrk]
O;fÙkQ ;kstuk dh fot;]
z Xykscy buksos'ku baMsDl 2022
lekos'kh fodkl dks
fo'o ckSf¼d laink laxBu ds Xykscy buksos'ku baMsDl
js•kafdr djrh gS
esa Hkkjr 40osa LFkku ij igqap x;k gSA ;g 7 lky
mÙkj çns'k 2 68]08]721 vkcknh okys {ks=kksa esa
esa 41 ik;nku dh cM+h Nykax gSA Xykscy buksos'ku
O;fÙkQ iSB] foÙkh; fLFkjrk]
baMsDl (thvkbZvkbZ) 2022 esa Hkkjr 2015 ds 81osa
vkRefuHkZjrk
LFkku ls Nykax yxkdj 40osa LFkku ij igqap x;k
gSA fLoV~tjySaM yxkrkj 12osa lky nqfu;k dh lcls rfeyukMq 3 64]06]513 fodflr vkfFkZd ifjn`';
uoksUos"kh vFkZO;oLFkk ds :i esa mHkjk gSA nwljs LFkku ij O;fÙkQ esa çHkko] O;kid ;kstuk
vesfjdk] mlds ckn LohMu] fczVsu vkSj uhnjySaM jgsA dh igqap
z 2022 oSf'od •k| lqj{kk lwpdkad (th,iQ,lvkbZ) z uhfr vk;ksx dk fu;kZr rS;kjh lwpdkad 2022
2022 oSf'od •k| lqj{kk lwpdkad (th,iQ,lvkbZ) uhfr vk;ksx ds fu;kZr rS;kjh lwpdkad 2022 ds rhljs
fjiksVZ fczfV'k lkIrkfgd n bdksukWfeLV }kjk tkjh dh laLdj.k esa rfeyukMq 80-89 ds lexz Ldksj ds lkFk
xbZA Hkkjr 58-9 ds lexz Ldksj ds lkFk vYthfj;k egkjk"Vª (78-20) vkSj dukZVd (76-36) dks ihNs
ds lkFk 68osa LFkku ij gSA phu dk LFkku 74-2 vad NksM+rs gq, 'kh"kZ ij jgkA
egRoiw.kZ lwpdkad vkSj fjiksVZ 119

fu;kZr rS;kfj;ksa vkSj çn'kZu dk vkdyu djus ds fy, lcls de çlkj okys ns'kksa esa fLoV~tjySaM] ukWoZs]
lwpdkad 4 LraHkksa dk mi;ksx djrk gS% teZuh] uhnjySaM vkSj LohMu 'kkfey gSaA
uhfr LraHk% ;g LraHk ;g ewY;kadu djrk gS fd jkT;ksa vk/qfud xqykeh esa jgus okys yksxksa dh la[;k lcls
vkSj dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa us jkT; vkSj ftyk Lrj ij fu;kZr vf/d gksus okys ns'kksa esa Hkkjr] phu] mÙkj dksfj;k]
laca/h uhfr;ksa dks fdruh vPNh rjg viuk;k vkSj ikfdLrku] :l vkSj baMksusf'k;k 'kkfey gSaA
ykxw fd;k gSA
z fo'o çsl Lora=krk lwpdkad 2023
O;kolkf;d ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k% ;g LraHk O;olk;
fo'o çsl Lora=krk lwpdkad 2023 esa Hkkjr 180 ns'kksa esa
lgk;d cqfu;knh <kaps tSls fctyh] ikuh] Hkwfe vkSj
jln ds lkFk&lkFk jkT;ksa vkSj dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa dh ls 161osa LFkku ij fiQly x;k gSA fo'o çsl Lora=krk
?kjsyw vkSj varjjk"Vªh; cktkjksa esa ifjogu dusfDVfoVh lwpdkad esa Hkkjr dk çn'kZu nf{k.k ,f'k;k ds vU;
dh xq.koÙkk vkSj miyC/rk dk vkdyu djrk gSA ns'kksa dh rqyuk esa •jkc gSA ckaXykns'k 163osa LFkku
fu;kZr ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k% ;g LraHk jkT;ksa vkSj
ij Hkkjr ls FkksM+k •jkc gS] tcfd ikfdLrku 150osa
dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa }kjk çnku dh tkus okyh fu;kZr LFkku ij Hkkjr ls vkxs gSA gSjkuh dh ckr ;g gS fd
lgk;d cqfu;knh <kaps vkSj O;kikj lsokvksa ij dsafær gSA viQxkfuLrku] tgka rkfycku ljdkj Lora=k i=kdkfjrk
fu;kZr çn'kZu% ;g LraHk jkT;ksa vkSj dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa ds
dks çfrcaf/r djus ds fy, tkuh tkrh gS] dh jSafdax
okLrfod fu;kZr ifj.kkeksa tSls fu;kZr o`f¼] fofoèkhdj.k Hkkjr ls csgrj 152osa LFkku ij gSA HkwVku dh jSafdax
vkSj çfrLi/kZRedrk dks ekirk gSA dkiQh csgrj 90 ij] tcfd Jhyadk 135osa LFkku ij
gSA ukWoZs] vk;jySaM vkSj MsuekdZ Øe'k% 'kh"kZ rhu LFkku
z ÅtkZ laØe.k lwpdkad
ij gSa tcfd fo;ruke] phu vkSj mÙkj dksfj;k lwpdkad
Hkkjr us fo'o vkfFkZd eap (MCY;wbZ,iQ) ds ÅtkZ
esa fupys rhu ns'k gSaA
laØe.k lwpdkad esa 67oka LFkku gkfly fd;k gSA
LohMu us vxz.kh LFkku dk nkok fd;k gS] mlds ihNs z oSf'od vkradokn lwpdkad
MsuekdZ] ukWoZs] fiQuySaM vkSj fLoV~tjySaM gSaA nloha oSf'od vkradokn lwpdkad (thVhvkbZ) fjiksVZ
z oSf'od çfrLi/kZRedrk lwpdkad 2023 ls irk pyrk gS fd geyksa vkSj ekSrksa esa Øe'k%
baVjus'kuy baLVhVÔwV iQkWj eSustesaV MsoyiesaV (vkbZ,eMh)
75 çfr'kr vkSj 58 çfr'kr dh fxjkoV ds ckotwn]
}kjk çdkf'kr 2023 oSf'od çfrLièkkZRedrk lwpdkad viQxkfuLrku yxkrkj pkSFks o"kZ vkradokn ls lcls
us loZs{k.k esa 'kkfey 64 ns'kksa esa MsuekdZ] vk;jySaM vkSj vf/d çHkkfor ns'k cuk gqvk gSA lwpdkad esa Hkkjr
fLoV~tjySaM dks 'kh"kZ rhu lcls çfrLi/hZ vFkZO;oLFkkvksa 13osa LFkku ij gS] tks fiNys o"kZ dh rqyuk esa dsoy
ds :i esa ukfer fd;k gSA ekewyh deh n'kkZrk gSA
z oSf'od fyax varj lwpdkad z fo'o •q'kgkyh fjiksVZ 2023
fo'o vkfFkZd eap (MCY;wbZ,iQ) us gky gh esa 2023 fiQuySaM yxkrkj NBs lky nqfu;k dk lcls •q'kgky ns'k
ds fy, okf"kZd fyax varj fjiksVZ tkjh dh] tks lekt cuk gqvk gSA MsuekdZ] vkblySaM] btjkby vkSj uhnjySaM
ds fofHkUu igyqvksa esa fyax vlekurk dks ekirh gSA vxys lcls •q'kgky ns'k gSa] LohMu] ukWoZs] fLoV~tjySaM
ySafxd lekurk ds ekeys esa Hkkjr 146 ns'kksa esa ls vkSj yDtecxZ tSls vU; ;wjksih; ns'k Hkh 'kh"kZ 10 esa gSaA
vkB ik;nku Åij p<+dj 127osa LFkku ij igqap x;k fo'o •q'kgkyh fjiksVZ esa Hkkjr dh fLFkfr 136 ls
gSA 91-2» ds fyax varj Ldksj ds lkFk vkblySaM us c<+dj 126 gks xbZ gS] gkyk¡fd ;g vHkh Hkh usiky]
yxkrkj 14osa o"kZ lcls vf/d fyax&leku ns'k ds :i phu vkSj ckaXykns'k tSls vius iM+kslh ns'kksa ls ihNs gSA
esa viuh fLFkfr cjdjkj j•h gSA oYMZ gSIihusl fjiksVZ us loZs{k.k esa 'kkfey 137 ns'kksa esa
z oSf'od nklrk lwpdkad 2023 ls viQxkfuLrku dks lcls de •q'k ns'k ds :i esa
çeq• fu"d"kks± ds rhu lsV gSa% LFkku fn;k gSA
vk/qfud xqykeh ds mPpre çlkj okys ns'kksa esa mÙkj z ekuo fodkl lwpdkad (HDI)
dksfj;k] bfjfVª;k] ekWfjVkfu;k] lÅnh vjc] rqdhZ vkSj Hkkjr 191 ns'kksa esa ls 132osa LFkku ij gSA 2020 dh
rkftfdLrku 'kkfey gSaA fjiksVZ esa Hkkjr 189 ns'kksa vkSj {ks=kksa esa 131osa LFkku ij

WALLAH
FkkA ns'k ds çn'kZu esa fiNys Lrj ls fxjkoV thou fLoV~tjySaM] ukWoZs vkSj vkblySaM nqfu;k ds 'kh"kZ 3
çR;k'kk esa fxjkoV ds dkj.k FkhA ns'k gSaA
z ekuo fodkl lwpdkad& çeq• fcanq fofHkUu lwpdkadksa esa fcgkj dh jSafdax
Hkkjr dk uohure HDI eku 0-633 ns'k dks eè;e vuqØef.kdk in
ekuo fodkl Js.kh esa j•rk gS] tks 2020 dh fjiksVZ Ldwy f'k{kk xq.koÙkk lwpdkad 19 oha
esa blds eku 0-645 ls de gSA fjiksVZ esa ,pMhvkbZ LokLF; lwpdkad 20 oha
esa 2019 esa 0-645 ls ?kVdj 2021 esa 0-633 gksus dk lexz ty çca/u lwpdkad 15 oha
dkj.k Hkkjr dh fxjrh thou çR;k'kk & loZs{k.k vofèk
,lMhth bafM;k baMsDl lcls vafre
ds nkSjku 69-7 o"kZ ls 67-2 o"kZ rd dh fxjkoV dks
crk;k x;k gSA Hkkjr uokpkj lwpdkad 2022 15 oha
Hkkjr esa Ldwyh f'k{kk ds visf{kr o"kZ 11-9 o"kZ gSa] tks
fu;kZr rS;kjh lwpdkad 2021 20 oha
2020 dh fjiksVZ esa 12-2 o"kZ ls de gS] gkyk¡fd Ldwyh lq'kklu lwpdkad xzqi ^ch* esa NBk
f'k{kk ds vkSlr o"kZ 2020 dh fjiksVZ esa 6-5 o"kZ ls ,u,iQ,l, ds fy, jkT; jSafdax lwpdkad 7
c<+dj 6-7 o"kZ gks x, gSaA jkT; ÅtkZ vkSj tyok;q lwpdkad 15 oha
gkyk¡fd Hkkjr us fyax fodkl lwpdkad esa viuk 132oka lkekftd çxfr lwpdkad 35 osa
LFkku cjdjkj j•k gS] ysfdu efgyk thou çR;k'kk
z lq'kklu ;kstuk ds rgr fofHkUu ekinaMksa esa fcgkj dh
2020 dh fjiksVZ esa 71 o"kZ ls fxjdj 2021 dh fjiksVZ
jSafdax
esa 68-8 o"kZ gks xbZ gSA
blh vof/ esa efgykvksa ds fy, Ldwyh f'k{kk ds vkSlr
lsDVj
o"kZ 12-6 ls ?kVdj 11-9 o"kZ gks x,A 1- Ñf"k ,oa lac¼ {ks=k 6
Hkkjr us 27-9 çfr'kr ds dqy tula[;k vuqikr ds lkFk
2- okf.kT; ,oa m|ksx {ks=k 7
cgqvk;keh xjhch lwpdkad (,eihvkbZ) esa 0-123 vad 3- ekuo lalk/u fodkl {ks=k 3
çkIr fd,] tcfd 8-8 çfr'kr vkcknh xaHkhj cgqvk;keh 4- lkoZtfud LokLF; {ks=k 3
xjhch ls tw> jgh gSA fjiksVZ esa dgk x;k gS fd fiNys 5- lkoZtfud volajpuk vkSj mi;ksfxrk {ks=k 1
n'kd esa] Hkkjr us 271 fefy;u yksxksa dks cgqvk;keh 6- vkfFkZd 'kklu {ks=k 5
xjhch ls ckgj fudkyk gSA
7- lekt dY;k.k ,oa fodkl 8
Hkkjr ds iM+ksfl;ksa esa] Jhyadk (73osa)] phu (79osa)]
8- U;kf;d ,oa lkoZtfud lqj{kk 7
ckaXykns'k (129osa)] vkSj HkwVku (127osa) Hkkjr ls Åij
gSa] tcfd ikfdLrku (161osa)] usiky (143osa)] vkSj 9- i;kZoj.k {ks=k 7
E;kaekj (149osa) dh fLFkfr cnrj gSA 10- ukxfjd dsfUær 'kklu 4

egRoiw.kZ lwpdkad vkSj fjiksVZ 121

18 iqjLdkj vkSj lEeku
z ,xzh baÚk iQaM vokMZ z uhyh ifêðdk lEeku

Ñf"k ,oa fdlku dY;k.k ea=kh] ^Ñf"k volajpuk nknkHkkbZ ukSjksth ds nf{k.k yanu fLFkr ?kj] tgka os 19oha
dks"k* dh dsaæh; {ks=k ;kstuk ds rgr foÙkiks"k.k esa 'krkCnh ds var esa vkB o"kks± rd jgs Fks] dks ,d Lekjd
muds cgqewY; ;ksxnku ds fy, fofHkUu Jsf.k;ksa ds ûhyh ifêðdk* çkIr gqbZ gSA
nknkHkkbZ ukSjksth] ftUgsa vkerkSj ij ge ¶Hkkjr ds xzSaM
rgr iqjLdkj çnku djds cSadksa vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa dks
vksYM eSu¸ ds :i esa tkurs gSaA
lEekfur djrs gSaA
bafXy'k gsfjVst pkSfjVh }kjk lapkfyr Cyw Iykd ;kstuk]
loZJs"B çn'kZu djus okys cSadksa esa Hkkjrh; LVsV cSad iwjs yanu esa fo'ks"k bekjrksa ds ,sfrgkfld egRo dk
dks U;wesjks ;wuks dk iqjLdkj fn;k x;k] mlds ckn iatkc lEeku djrh gSA
us'kuy cSad vkSj cSad vkWiQ bafM;k dks LFkku fn;k x;kA z iqfyRtj iqjLdkj
z fel bafM;k ;w,l, 2022 la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk dh bulkbMj vkWuykbu if=kdk
Hkkjrh; vesfjdh fd'kksjh vk;kZ okyosdj dks U;w tlhZ ds fy, dke djus okyh ckaXykns'k esa tUeh iQgehnk
vthe dks 2022 iqfyRtj iqjLdkj ds fy, pquk x;k
esa fel bafM;k ;w,l, 2022 ds f•rkc ls uoktk x;kA
gSA lfp=k fjiksfVZax vkSj fVIi.kh dh Js.kh ds varxZrA
;g fel bafM;k ;w,l, çfr;ksfxrk dk 40oka laLdj.k z fycVhZ esMy 2022
FkkA 2022 fycVhZ esMy bl ckj ;wØsuh jk"Vªifr oyksfMfej
z gsfjVst okWy vkWiQ isQe tsysaLdh dks çnku fd;k x;kA

:lh vR;kpkj ds lkeus Lora=krk dh mudh ohjrkiw.kZ
jkek/kj flag }kjk lkekftd euksfoKku vkSj çca/u esa
vlk/kj.k ;ksxnku dks la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk esa lkslkbVh j{kk ds fy, 2022 çkIrdrkZ ds :i esa pquk x;k FkkA
iQkWj ilZuSfyVh ,aM lks'ky lkbdksykWth (,lih,lih) z 2022 ;wusLdks 'kkafr iqjLdkj
iwoZ teZu pkalyj ,atsyk edZsy dks ¶'kj.kkfFkZ;ksa ds
dh ^gsfjVst okWy vkWiQ iQse* ij fpfÉr fd;k x;k gSA
Lokxr ds muds ç;klksa¸ ds fy, 2022 ;wusLdks 'kkafr
z 2022 Mhiky vkj,uthe MLVu iqjLdkj iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA
frCcrh vkè;kfRed usrk 14osa nykbZ ykek dks ekuork z fel fnok ;wfuolZ 2022
ds çfr muds vikj ;ksxnku ds fy, yík• ds lokZsPp fnfork jk; us fel fnok ;wfuolZ 2022 dk f•rkc
ukxfjd lEeku ^Mhiky vkj,uthe MLVu iqjLdkj* ls thrkA

lEekfur fd;k x;kA 23 o"khZ; dukZVd dh jgus okyh gSA
z 67oka fiQYeiQs;j iqjLdkj

z ¶'ksosfy;j Ms yk yhft;u Mh vkWuj¸ iqjLdkj
'ksj'kkg dks loZJs"B fiQYe ds fy, 67osa fiQYeiQs;j
Úkal ljdkj dkaxzsl usrk 'kf'k Fk:j dks vius lokZsPp iqjLdkj 2022 ls lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA
ukxfjd lEeku 'ksosfy;j Ms yk yhft;u Mh vkWuj j.kohj flag us vius LiksV~lZ Mªkek ^83* ds fy, eq[;
iqjLdkj ls lEekfur dj jgh gSA Hkwfedk esa loZJs"B vfHkusrk (iq#"k) dk iqjLdkj thrk]
Úkalhlh ljdkj ds eqrkfcd] Fk:j dks ;g iqjLdkj tcfd Ñfr lSuu dks ^feeh* ds fy, eq[; Hkwfedk esa
muds ys•u vkSj Hkk"k.kksa ds lEeku esa fn;k tk jgk gSA loZJs"B vfHkus=kh (efgyk) dk iqjLdkj feykA
lqHkk"k ?kbZ dks ykbiQVkbe vphoesaV iqjLdkj ls lEekfur blus fuckZ/ ;krk;kr lqfuf'pr fd;k vkSj egkekjh ds
fd;k x;kA ckn ;k=kh larqf"V dks lqn`<+ fd;kA
flfDde us eksLV fiQYe ÚsaMyh LVsV dk iqjLdkj thrkA z nknk lkgsc iQkYds iqjLdkj
z 2022 jseu eSXlsls iqjLdkj vuqHkoh vfHkus=kh vk'kk ikjs• dks 2020 nknk lkgc
lEeku ds pkj çkIrdrkZ] baMksusf'k;k ls xSjh csapsf?kc]

iQkYds iqjLdkj dk çkIrdrkZ ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gSA
dacksfM;k ls lksFksjk fNe] tkiku ls rnk'kh gVksjh vkSj og ;g lEeku ikus okyh 52oha çkIrdrkZ gSaA
fiQyhihal ls cukZMsV ts eSfMªM gSaA z loZJs"B lkgfld i;ZVu iqjLdkj

;g 64oka jseu eSXlsls iqjLdkj] 2022 gSA fo'o i;ZVu fnol (27 flracj) ds volj ij Hkkjr
z o.kZu osQ fy, ,uh iqjLdkj ljdkj ds i;ZVu ea=kky; dh vksj ls loZJs"B lkgfld
i;ZVu LFky ,oa i;ZVu ds lokZaxh.k fodkl gsrq mÙkjk•aM
la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk ds iwoZ jk"Vªifr cjkd vksckek us
jkT; dks nks Jsf.k;ksa esa çFke iqjLdkj çkIr gqvk gSA
usVfÝyDl MkWD;wesaVªh ¶voj xzsV us'kuy ikDlZ¸ esa vius
z la;qÙkQ jk"Vª psatesdj iqjLdkj
dFku ds fy, ,eh iqjLdkj thrkA
Hkkjr dh efgyk vf/dkj dk;ZdrkZ l`f"V c['kh dks
z ;wusLdks Xykscy usVooZQ vkWiQ yfuZax flVht
;w,u ,lMhth ,D'ku vokM~lZ esa ^psatesdj* iqjLdkj
Hkkjrh; 'kgj] dsjy esa uhykacqj vkSj f=k'kwj] vkSj rsyaxkuk
ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA
esa okjaxy] ;wusLdks Xykscy usVodZ vkWiQ yfuZax flVht LFkkuksa rd lqjf{kr igqap dh odkyr djus* ds fy,
esa ns'k ds igys ços'kdrkZ cu x,A iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA
;wusLdks ds vuqlkj] nqfu;k Hkj ds 44 ns'kksa ds 77 'kgj
z LoPN loZs{k.k iqjLdkj 2022
;wusLdks Xykscy usVodZ vkWiQ yfuZax flVht esa 'kkfey bankSj 'kgj dks Hkkjr dk lcls LoPN 'kgj ?kksf"kr fd;k
gks x, gSaA x;k gS] blds ckn lwjr vkSj uoh eqacbZ dk LFkku gSA
z flaxkiqj dk ljkguh; lsok ind loZs{k.k iqjLdkj 2022* esa loZJs"B çn'kZu djus okys
Hkkjr ds iwoZ ukSlsuk çeq•] ,Mfejy lquhy ykack dks jkT;ksa dh Js.kh esa eè; çns'k us igyk LFkku gkfly
jk"Vªifr gyhek ;kdwc }kjk flaxkiqj ds çfrf"Br lSU; fd;k gS] mlds ckn NÙkhlx<+ vkSj egkjk"Vª gSaA
iqjLdkj] fiaxV tlk tsfeykax (VsuVsjk) ;k ljkguh; z 2022 ds fy, 'kkL=k jkekuqtu iqjLdkj
lsok ind (lSU;) (,e,l,e (,e) ls lEekfur 2022 ds fy, SASTRA jkekuqtu iqjLdkj dSfyiQksfuZ;k
fd;k x;k gSA fo'ofo|ky;] cdZys] la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk esa lgk;d
z ;wusLdks varjkZ"Vªh; lk{kjrk iqjLdkj 2022 çksiQslj ;qufdax VSax dks çnku fd;k x;kA
dfyaxk baLVhVÔwV vkWiQ lks'ky lkbalst (KISS), z foosd yky
Hkqous'oj us vius mRÑ"V lk{kjrk dk;ZØe ds fy, Hkkjrh; ewy ds MkW- foosd yky dks vesfjdh jk"Vªifr
çfrf"Br ;wusLdks fdax lstksax lk{kjrk iqjLdkj 2022 tks ckbMsu us ^fon xzsViQqy fjdkWfXu'ku* ç'kfLr i=k
thrk gSA ds lkFk ykbiQVkbe vphoesaV vokWMZ ls lEekfur
izsaQp dk ¶'ksosfy;j Ms yk ysfx;u Mh*vkWuwj¸ fd;k gSA
çeq• Hkkjrh; oSKkfud vkSj m|ksxifr MkW- Lokfr ihjkey
z oYMZ xzhu flVh vokMZ 2022
dks O;kikj vkSj m|ksx] foKku] fpfdRlk ds {ks=k esa rsyaxkuk ds gSnjkckn 'kgj us lexz ôYMZ xzhu flVh
vkSj Hkkjr&Úkal laca/ksa dks etcwr djus dh fn'kk esa vokMZ 2022* thrkA
muds ;ksxnku ds fy, Úkal ds 'kh"kZ ukxfjd lEeku ls z cqdj iqjLdkj 2022
lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA JhyadkbZ ys•d] 'ksgku d#.kkfrydk us viuh iqLrd
z gokbZvîók lsok xq.koÙkk iqjLdkj&2022 n lsosu ewUl vkWiQ ekyh vYesMk ds fy, dFkk lkfgR;
dksphu baVjus'kuy ,;jiksVZ fyfeVsM us 2021&22 esa
ds fy, çfrf"Br cqdj iqjLdkj thrk gSA
^fe'ku lsiQxkfMZax* dk;ZØe ds lko/kuhiwoZd dk;kZUo;u z l•kjkso iqjLdkj
ds fy, ,;jiksVZ dkmafly baVjus'kuy (ACI) }kjk ;wjksih; laln us ;wØsu ds yksxksa dks :l ds vkØe.k
LFkkfir ,;jiksVZ lfoZl DokfyVh vokMZ&2022 thrk gSA ds f•ykiQ mudh yM+kbZ dk lEeku djus ds fy,
iqjLdkj vkSj lEeku 123

fopkjksa dh Lora=krk ds fy, okf"kZd l•kjkso iqjLdkj z jk"Vªh; ckSf¼d laink iqjLdkj
ls lEekfur fd;k gSA Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku eækl (vkbZvkbZVh eækl)
z ikFksj ikapkyh dks isVsaV nkf•y djus] vuqnku vkSj O;kolk;hdj.k ds

lR;thr js dh mRÑ"V Ñfr] ikFksj ikapkyh dks baVjus'kuy fy, 'kh"kZ Hkkjrh; 'kS{kf.kd laLFkku gksus ds fy, Hkkjr
iQsMjs'ku vkWiQ fiQYe fØfVDl (FIPRESCI) ds Hkkjrh; ljdkj }kjk ^jk"Vªh; ckSf¼d laink iqjLdkj 2021 vkSj
pSIVj }kjk vc rd dh loZJs"B Hkkjrh; fiQYe ?kksf"kr 2022* ls lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA
fd;k x;k gSA z LdkWp iqjLdkj
z ç/kuea=kh vkokl ;kstuk&'kgjh iqjLdkj if'pe caxky jkT; dks efgyk ,oa cky fodkl Js.kh
ç/kuea=kh vkokl ;kstuk&'kgjh iqjLdkj 2021 dk çFke ds rgr viuh ^y{eh HkaMkj* ;kstuk ds fy, çfrf"Br
iqjLdkj mÙkj çns'k dks çnku fd;k x;k gSA SKOCH iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA
z ukscsy iqjLdkj
iqjLdkj uke fVIi.kh

vFkZ'kkL=k ds fy, ukscsy iqjLdkj csu cukZuds] Mxyl Mk;eaM vkSj fiQfyi cSadksa vkSj foÙkh; ij 'kks/ ds fy,
Mk;cfox
jlk;u foKku esa ukscsy iqjLdkj cSjh 'kkiZysl] eksVZu esYMy vkSj dSjksfyu fDyd dsfeLVªh vkSj ck;ks&vkWFkkZsxksuy
cVkZstthA dsfeLVªh ds fodkl ds fy,
ukscsy 'kkafr iqjLdkj csyk:l ls ekuokf/dkj vf/oÙkQk ,ysl
ck;fy;kRLdh] ;wØsuh ekuokf/dkj laxBu
& lsaVj iQkWj flfoy fycVhZt vkSj :lh
ekuokf/dkj laxBu eseksfj;yA
lkfgR; esa ukscsy 'kkafr iqjLdkj ,uh vukZSDl ml lkgl vkSj uSnkfud rh{.krk ds fy,
ftlds lkFk og O;fÙkQxr Le`fr dh tM+ksa]
vyxko vkSj lkewfgd ck/kvksa dks mtkxj
djrh gSA
fpfdRlk esa ukscsy iqjLdkj Loars ikcks
HkkSfrdh esa ukscsy iqjLdkj ,ysu ,LisDV] tkWu DykWlj vkSj ,aVksu DokaVe ;kaf=kdhA
ftfyaxj
z fjLikWfUlcyLVhy çek.ku lEeku esa fczVsu ds jktk pkYlZ r`rh; }kjk çfrf"Br
VkVk LVhy dks vius te'ksniqj bLikr la;a=k esa rhu
vkWMZj vkWiQ esfjV ls lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA
lqfo/kvksa ds fy, Hkkjr dk igyk fjLikWfUlcyLVhy
çek.ku çkIr gqvk gSA z ifjokj fu;kstu (,Dlsy) iqjLdkj 2022
rhu mRiknu lqfo/k,a% LVhy oDlZ] VÔwCl fMohtu vkSj FkkbZySaM ds iVk;k esa vk;ksftr ifjokj fu;kstu ij
dksYM jksfyax fey (ckjk)A varjkZ"Vªh; lEesyu esa Hkkjr dks ifjokj fu;kstu esa usr`Ro
z fcgkjh iqjLdkj esa mRÑ"Vrk (,Dlsy) iqjLdkj&2022 ls lEekfur
e/q dkadfj;k (31osa) vkSj MkW- ek/o gkM+k (32osa)
fd;k x;kA
dks Øe'k% 31osa vkSj 32osa fcgkjh iqjLdkj ls lEekfur z lkfgR; ds fy, tslhch iqjLdkj 2022
fd;k x;k gSA
•kfyn tkosn us vius miU;kl n iSjkMkbt vkWiQ iQwM
z ;wds dk jkW;y vkWMZj vkWiQ esfjV ds fy, o"kZ 2022 dk iqjLdkj thrk] tks ewy :i ls
Hkkjr esa tUes ukscsy iqjLdkj fotsrk çksiQslj osadh mnZw esa fy•k x;k Fkk vkSj cju iQk:dh }kjk vaxzsth esa
jkeÑ".ku dks foKku ds çfr mudh fof'k"V lsok ds vuqokfnr fd;k x;k FkkA

WALLAH
z xka/h eaMsyk iqjLdkj 2022 z cSadlZ cSad vkWiQ n bZ;j vokMZ 2022
14osa nykbZ ykek dks /eZ'kkyk ds Fksdpsu pks,fyax dsujk cSad us Xykscy cSafdax lfeV ds Hkkjrh; •aM ds
eSDyksMxat esa xka/h eaMsyk iqjLdkj 2022 ls lEekfur fy, ¶cSadlZ cSad vkWiQ n bZ;j vokMZ 2022¸ thrk gSA
fd;k x;kA z U;w;kWdZ fiQYe fØfVDl ldZy vokM~lZ 2022
z MkW- vCnqy dyke lsok iqjLdkj 2022
,l,l jktkekSyh us viuh fiQYe vkjvkjvkj ds fy,
jfo dqekj lkxj dks lcls çfrf"Br MkW- vCnqy dyke
U;w;kWdZ fiQYe fØfVDl ldZy esa loZJs"B funZs'kd dk
lsok iqjLdkj 2022 ls lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA
iqjLdkj thrk gSA
z lkaLÑfrd fojklr laj{k.k iqjLdkj&2022
z pUæ'ks•jsUæ ljLorh jk"Vªh; mRÑ"Vrk iqjLdkj
N=kifr f'kokth egkjkt okLrq laxzgky; (lh,l,eoh,l)
dks la;qÙkQ jk"Vª 'kSf{kd] oSKkfud vkSj lkaLÑfrd laxBu iwoZ mijk"Vªifr osadS;k uk;Mw dks 25osa Jh pUæ'ks•jsUæ
(;wusLdks) ,f'k;k&ç'kkar lkaLÑfrd fojklr laj{k.k ljLorh us'kuy ,feusal vokMZ (,lvkbZbZ,l) ls
iqjLdkj&2022 esa ^mRÑ"Vrk iqjLdkj* ls lEekfur fd;k lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA
x;kA z fouÝ;wpj iqjLdkj 2022
z iSjk LiksV~lZilZu vkWiQ n bZ;j iqjLdkj Hkwty ls vklZsfud vkSj vU; Hkkjh /krqvksa dks gVkus
Hkkjr dh 'kh"kZ iSjk fu'kkusckt vofu ys•kjk dks çfrf"Br ds fy, de ykxr okyh fuLianu ç.kkyh ds uokpkj
iSjk LiksV~lZilZu vkWiQ n bZ;j dk iqjLdkj feykA ds fy, Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku] eækl ds Hkkjrh;
z vkbZ,lhih 2022 iqjLdkj oSKkfud çksiQslj FkyfIiy çnhi dks 20 fnlacj 2022
NÙkhlx<+ iqfyl dh futkr vfHk;ku dks varjjk"Vªh; dks guksbZ esa fouÝ;wpj fo'ks"k iqjLdkj çkIr gqvkA
igpku feyh-
z vVy lEeku iqjLdkj
baVjus'kuy ,lksfl,'ku vkWiQ phÝl vkWiQ iqfyl
(IACP) us NÙkhlx<+ iqfyl ds u'khyh nokvksa vkSj

ubZ fnYyh esa vk;ksftr 9osa vVy lEeku lekjksg ds
voS/ 'kjkc fojks/h vfHk;ku ^futkr* dks laLFkkxr Js.kh nkSjku çHkq paæ feJ dks çfrf"Br vVy lEeku iqjLdkj
esa ^vijk/ jksdFkke esa usr`Ro* ds fy, pquk gSA ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA
z ,dyO; iqjLdkj z jk"Vªh; cky iqjLdkj
varjkZ"Vªh; lkbfdy pkyd LofLr flag dks o"kZ 2022 jk"Vªifr ækSinh eqeZw us ubZ fnYyh esa ,d lekjksg esa 11
ds çfrf"Br 30osa ,dyO; iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k cPpksa (Ng yM+ds vkSj ikap yM+fd;ksa) dks ç/kuea=kh
x;k gSA jk"Vªh; cky iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;kA
;g iqjLdkj ;qok •sy çfrHkkvksa dks çksRlkfgr djus ds
ih,evkjchih ç/kuea=kh jk"Vªh; cky iqjLdkj esa
fy, mM+hlk jkT; }kjk gj o"kZ fn;k tkrk gSA
fotsrkvksa dks ,d çek.k i=k] ,d ind ds lkFk ,d
z GRIHA vuqdj.kh; çn'kZu iqjLdkj 2022
yk• #i;s dh jkf'k feyrh gSA blds vykok os gj
ubZ fnYyh fLFkr Hkkjrh; fof'k"V igpku çkf/dj.k
lky 26 tuojh dks jktiFk ij x.kra=k fnol ijsM esa
(;wvkbZMh,vkbZ) eq[;ky; us çfrf"Br GRIHA
Hkh fgLlk ysrs gSaA
vuqdj.kh; çn'kZu iqjLdkj 2022 thrk gSA
z lqHkk"k paæ cksl vkink çca/u iqjLdkj&2023
;g jk"Vªh; Lrj dk 'kh"kZ gfjr Hkou iqjLdkj gSA
laLFkkxr Js.kh esa] vksfM'kk jkT; vkink çca/u
z fMftVy bafM;k vokM~lZ 2022
çkfèkdj.k (vks,lMh,e,) vkSj yqaxysbZ iQk;j LVs'ku
LekVZ flVh fe'ku dks fMftVy bafM;k vokMZ 2022
çkIr gqvkA (,y,iQ,l)] fetksje dks ;g feykA

z jk"Vªh; •sy çksRlkgu iqjLdkj 2022 z fMftVy bafM;k vokM~lZ 2022
dfyaxk baLVhVÔwV vkWiQ baMfLVª;y VsDuksykWth (KIIT) Ñf"k ea=kky; dh çeq• igy bZ& ,u,,e dks fMftVy
laLFkku dks jk"Vªh; •sy çksRlkgu iqjLdkj 2022 çnku bafM;k vokM~lZ&2022 esa ukxfjdksa ds fMftVy
fd;k x;kA l'kfÙkQdj.k Js.kh esa IysfVue iqjLdkj feyk gSA

z xksYMu Xyksc vokM~lZ 2023 eqyk;e flag ;kno dks lkoZtfud ekeyksa ds {ks=k esa
Hkkjrh; fiQYe vkjvkjvkj dk xkuk ûkVw&ukVw* us ej.kksijkar iÁ foHkw"k.k ls lEekfur fd;k tk,xkA
ykWl ,aftYl esa ?kksf"kr 80osa xksYMu Xyksc vokM~lZ esa z gfjr jsyos LVs'ku çek.ku
loZJs"B ewy xhr Js.kh esa iqjLdkj thrk gSA fo'kk•kiÙkue jsyos LVs'ku dks gfjr vo/kj.kkvksa dks
z ;w,u&gSfcVsV ds oYMZ gSfcVsV vokM~lZ 2023 viukus] ftlls çfrdwy i;kZoj.kh; çHkko dks de djus
Hkkjrh; jkT; vksfM'kk us txk fe'ku (jkT; dh 5T ds fy, Hkkjrh; xzhu fcfYMax dkmafly (vkbZthchlh)
igy) ds fy, ;w,u&gSfcVsV dk oYMZ gSfcVsV vokM~lZ }kjk ÎysfVue dh mPpre jsfVax ds lkFk xzhu jsyos
2023 thrk gSA LVs'ku çek.ku* ls lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA
z 2021 ds fy, loZJs"B iqfyl bdkbZ dk iqjLdkj z Hkkjr&;wds vpholZ }kjk ykbiQVkbe vphoesaV lEeku
Dykl , esa tkyuk ftyk iqfyl vkSj Dykl ch esa
iwoZ ç/ku ea=kh MkW- eueksgu flag (Hkkjr) dks yanu esa
ukxiqj 'kgj iqfyl nksuksa dks egkjk"Vª esa 2021 ds fy, bafM;k&;wds vpholZ vkWulZ }kjk ykbiQVkbe vphoesaV
loZJs"B iqfyl ;wfuV iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA lEeku ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA
z oSf'od usr`Ro ds fy, iqjLdkj
mUgsa vkfFkZd vkSj jktuhfrd thou esa muds ;ksxnku ds
Hkkjr ds eq[; U;k;k/h'k MhokbZ paæpwM+ dks ns'k vkSj
fy, lEekfur fd;k x;kA
nqfu;k Hkj esa dkuwuh is'ks esa mudh vkthou lsok dh
z FIH jk"Vªifr iqjLdkj 2023
ekU;rk esa gkoZMZ ykW Ldwy lsaVj }kjk ¶oSf'od usr`Ro
iqjLdkj¸ ds fy, pquk x;k gSA vksfM'kk ds eq[;ea=kh ds lfpo ohds ikafM;u dks gkWdh
z loZJs"B ewy xhr ds fy, xksYMu Xyksc iqjLdkj esa muds mRÑ"V ;ksxnku ds fy, FIH jk"Vªifr iqjLdkj
2023 ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA
Hkkjrh; fiQYe vkjvkjvkj (,l,l jktkekSyh }kjk
funZsf'kr) us ûkVw ukVw* VªSd ds fy, loZJs"B ewy z 65ok¡ okf"kZd xzSeh iqjLdkj
xhr&eks'ku fiDpj ds fy, 2023 xksYMu Xyksc iqjLdkj Hkkjrh; laxhrdkj fjdh dst us ykWl ,aftYl esa 65osa
thrk gSA okf"kZd xzSeh iqjLdkj lekjksg esa ^fMokbu VkbM~l* ds
z fel ;wfuolZ 2022 fy, loZJs"B u, ;qx ds ,Yce Js.kh esa viuk rhljk
vkjcksuh xsfcz;y la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk ls lacaf/r gSa
xzSeh iqjLdkj thrkA
ftUgsa yqbfl;kuk ds U;w vkWjfy;Ul esa vk;ksftr 71oha z Xykscy csLV ,e&thvksoh vokMZ 2023
fel ;wfuolZ çfr;ksfxrk esa fel ;wfuolZ 2022 dk rkt ^CykWdfcy* ,si Vhe] fu;fr VksVyk vkSj uhy
iguk;k x;k gSA dYis'kdqekj ikfj• (vkbZvkbZVh bankSj ds Nk=k) dks
z iQsMjy cSad lkfgR; iqjLdkj nqcbZ] la;qÙkQ vjc vehjkr esa fo'o ljdkj f'k•j
ds os.kq us viuh vkRedFkk ^vksjkuos'kkufFkars dFkk* ds lEesyu esa çfrf"Br Xykscy csLV ,e thvksoh vokWMZ
fy, igyk iQsMjy cSad lkfgR; iqjLdkj 2022 thrkA 2023 ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA
z iÁ iqjLdkj 2023 z ;wusLdks dk varjkZ"Vªh; ekr`Hkk"kk iqjLdkj 2023
jk"Vªifr us o"kZ 2023 ds fy, 106 iÁ iqjLdkj çnku ç[;kr Hkk"kkfon~ vkSj yksdxhrdkj egsaæ dqekj feJk
djus dh eatwjh ns nh gSA dks Hkkjr esa ekr`Hkk"kkvksa dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, mudh
bl lwph esa 6 iÁ foHkw"k.k] 9 iÁ Hkw"k.k vkSj 91 iÁ vkthou lsok ds fy, ;wusLdks ds varjkZ"Vªh; ekr`Hkk"kk
Jh iqjLdkj 'kkfey gSaA iqjLdkj 2023 ds fy, ukekafdr fd;k x;k gSA
iÁ iqjLdkj ikus okyksa esa mUuhl efgyk,a gSaA z fMft/u iqjLdkj 2021&22
vksvkj,l ds ç.ksrk] fnyhi egkyuksfcl dks fpfdRlk bysDVªkWfuDl vkSj lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh ea=kky; (Meity)
(cky jksx) ds {ks=k esa ej.kksijkar iÁ foHkw"k.k ls }kjk ^fMft/u iqjLdkj 2021&22* ds rgr dukZVd
lEekfur fd;k tk,xkA cSad dks ^çfr"Bk iqjLdkj* ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA

WALLAH
z nwljk okf"kZd xku iqjLdkj z ljLorh lEeku
la;qÙkQ jk"Vª fodkl dk;ZØe (;w,uMhih) ds ¶foyqIr rfey ysf•dk f'ko'kadjh dks mudh iqLrd lqjO;k
gksus dks u pqusa¸ vfHk;ku] ftldk mís'; tyok;q okele ds fy, o"kZ 2022 ds ljLorh lEeku ds fy,
vkikrdky ls fuiVus dh rRdky vko';drk ds ckjs pquk x;k gSA
esa tkx:drk c<+kuk gS] dks nks vyx&vyx Jsf.k;ksa z laxhr dykfuf/ iqjLdkj 2023
esa Lo.kZ vkSj jtr nksuksa iqjLdkjksa ls ekU;rk nh xbZ gSA dukZVd xkf;dk] ckWEcs t;Jh dks çfrf"Br laxhr
z us'kuy ft;ksxzkfiQd dh ô"kZ dh rLohjsa* vdkneh] psUubZ ds laxhr dykfuf/ iqjLdkj 2023 ds
Hkkjrh; ewy ds dkfrZd lqcze.;e us ¶Mkal vkWiQ n fy, pquk x;k gSA
bZxYl¸ 'kh"kZd okyh viuh rLohj ds fy, çfrf"Br z 2023 gkfcy iqjLdkj
us'kuy T;ksxzkfiQd ^fiDplZ vkWiQ n bZ;j* iqjLdkj yqbl dSiQsjsyh dks eqÙkQ&lhek leL;kvksa vkSj eksaxs,Eih;j
thrk gSA lehdj.k lfgr xSj&js•h; vkaf'kd varj lehdj.kksa ds
z laln jRu iqjLdkj 2023 fy, fu;ferrk fl¼kar esa muds ekSfyd ;ksxnku ds
çeq• lhihvkbZ&,e usrk Vhds jaxjktu dks ykbiQVkbe fy, 2023 ,csy iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA
vphoesaV iqjLdkj feykA z tsuusDLV ,aVjçsU;ksj vokMZ
laln jRu iqjLdkj 2023 ds fy, rsjg lkalnksa dks
fjyk;al fjVsy osaplZ fyfeVsM dh funs'kd bZ'kk vackuh
ukekafdr fd;k x;k Fkk] 13 lkalnksa esa vkB yksdlHkk us 12osa iQksClZ bafM;k yhMjf'ki vokM~lZ 2023 esa
ls vkSj ikap jkT;lHkk ls 'kkfey gSaA tsuusDLV ,aVjçsU;ksj vokMZ thrkA
z 2023 ekdkZsuh iqjLdkj
z fpYMªu pSafi;u vokMZ 2023
daI;wVj oSKkfud] gfj ckykÑ".ku dks 2023 ekdkZsuh
vle ds ikB'kkyk ,uthvks dks fpYMªsUl pSafi;u vokMZ
iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA
2023 ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA
z th,l,e ,lksfl,'ku (th,l,e,) ljdkj usr`Ro
iqjLdkj 2023 z lkaf[;dh esa varjkZ"Vªh; iqjLdkj
çfl¼ Hkkjrh;&vesfjdh xf.krK vkSj lkaf[;dhfon~]
us nwjlapkj uhfr vkSj fofu;eu esa lokZsÙke çFkkvksa dks
ykxw djus ds fy, Hkkjr dks ljdkjh usr`Ro iqjLdkj dY;k.kiqMh jk/kÑ".k jko dks lkaf[;dh esa 2023
2023 ls lEekfur fd;k gSA varjkZ"Vªh; iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA
bl iqjLdkj dks xf.kr ds {ks=k esa ukscsy iqjLdkj Hkh
z 2023 isu vesfjdk iqjLdkj
fganh ys•d fouksn dqekj 'kqDy (87) us lkfgR; esa
ekuk tkrk gSA
vkthou miyfC/ ds fy, 2023 isu vesfjdk iqjLdkj z ç/kuea=kh iQly chek ;kstuk
thrk gSA ç/kuea=kh iQly chek ;kstuk ds lokZsÙke dk;kZUo;u
z iksVZj iqjLdkj 2023 ds fy, dukZVd jkT; dks jk"Vªh; iqjLdkj ls lEekfur
dsaæh; LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kky; dks fd;k x;k gSA
COVID-19 ladV ls liQyrkiwoZd fuiVus ds fy, ç/kuea=kh iQly chek ;kstuk (ih,e,iQchokbZ) Hkkjr
iksVZj iqjLdkj 2023 ls lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA ljdkj }kjk 2016 esa 'kq: dh xbZ ,d iQly chek
z varjkZ"Vªh; xksYMu flVh xsV i;ZVu iqjLdkj 2023 ;kstuk gS] tks çkÑfrd vkinkvksa] dhVksa ;k chekfj;ksa
Hkkjr ds i;ZVu ea=kky; us vkbZVhch] cfyZu 2023 esa ds dkj.k iQly ds fdlh Hkh uqdlku@uqdlku ds fy,
varjkZ"Vªh; ^xksYMu flVh xsV VwfjTe vokM~lZ 2023* esa fdlkuksa dks iw.kZ Hkqxrku lqj{kk çnku djrh gSA
xksYMu vkSj flYoj LVkj thrk gSA z vkWMZj vkWiQ vkWLVªsfy;k
z 2023 ds fy, xouZj vkWiQ n bZ;j VkVk lal ds ekun ps;jeSu jru VkVk dks vkWLVªsfy;k
Hkkjrh; fjtoZ cSad ds xouZj 'kfÙkQdkar nkl dks lsaVªy ljdkj }kjk vkWLVªsfy;k ds lokZsPp ukxfjd lEeku
cSafdax }kjk 2023 ds fy, ^xouZj vkWiQ n bZ;j* dh vkWMZj vkWiQ vkWLVªsfy;k (,vks) ls lEekfur fd;k
mikf/ ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA x;k gSA

z fiQYeiQs;j iqjLdkj 2023 z HkkSxksfyd ladsr (thvkbZ) VSx
vkfy;k Hkêð dks mudh fiQYe ^xaxwckbZ dkfB;kokM+h* ds rkjd'kh] egksck xkSjk iRFkj f'kYi vkSj laHky lhax f'kYi
fy, loZJs"B vfHkus=kh dk iqjLdkj fn;k x;kA ds fy, HkkSxksfyd ladsr (thvkbZ) VSx çkIr gqvk gSA
jktdqekj jko dks fiQYe ^c/kbZ nks* ds fy, csLV ,DVj z jk"Vªh; ty iqjLdkj 2022
dk vokWMZ fn;k x;kA jk"Vªh; ty iqjLdkj 2022 dh loZJs"B 'kgjh LFkkuh;
lat; yhyk Hkalkyh }kjk funZsf'kr ^xaxwckbZ dkfB;kokM+h* fudk; Js.kh esa paMhx<+ dks igyh jSad feyh gSA
dks loZJs"B fiQYe dk iqjLdkj fn;k x;kA z ukbV vkWiQ n yhtu vkWiQ vkWuj
z ¶'ksosfy;j Ms yk ysfx;u Mh*vkWuj¸ iqjLdkj VkVk xzqi ds ps;jeSu ,u-paæ'ks•ju dks Úkal ds lokZsPp
fdj.k uknj dks vçSy 2023 esa Hkkjr esa Úkalhlh jktnwr
ukxfjd lEeku ûkbV vkWiQ n yhtu vkWiQ vkWuj* ls
beSuq,y ysuSu }kjk ¶'ksosfy;j Ms yk ysfx;u Mh*vkWuj¸ lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA
(ukbV vkWiQ n yhtu vkWiQ vkWuj) ls lEekfur fd;k z dEiSfu;u vkWiQ n vkMZj fiQth
x;k FkkA ç/kuea=kh ujsaæ eksnh dks fiQth ds ç/kuea=kh flrfouh
z ^fepkZ* pkoy jkcqdk us ns'k ds lokZsPp lEeku ^daisfu;u vkWiQ

n vkWMZj vkWiQ fiQth* ls lEekfur fd;k gSA
fcgkj ds if'peh paikj.k dks mlds ^fepkZ* pkoy ds
fy, thvkbZ VSx ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA z 2023 varjkZ"Vªh; cqdj iqjLdkj
tkWthZ xksLiksfMukso dks mudh iqLrd ^Vkbe 'ksYVj* ds
z eSjhyscksu fØdsV Dyc (,elhlh) dh ekun vkthou
lnL;rk fy, 2023 varjkZ"Vªh; cqdj iqjLdkj feyk gSA
z 57oka KkuihB iqjLdkj
Hkkjrh; fØdsV Vhe ds iwoZ dIrku] ,e,l /ksuh dk
xksok ds ys•d nkeksnj ekStks dks ns'k dk lokZsPp
uke mu ikap Hkkjrh;ksa esa 'kkfey fd;k x;k Fkk] ftUgsa
eSjhyscksu fØdsV Dyc (,elhlh) dh ekun vkthou lkfgfR;d lEeku] çfrf"Br KkuihB iqjLdkj feyk gSA
lnL;rk ds lkFk 'kkfey fd;k x;k FkkA z lwjhuke dk lokZsPp ukxfjd lEeku
lwjhuke ds jk"Vªifr pafædk çlkn larks•h us Hkkjr dh
vU; pkj Hkkjrh; fØdsVj% ;qojkt flag] ferkyh jkt]
lqjs'k jSuk vkSj >wyu xksLokehA jk"Vªifr ækSinh eqeZw dks lwjhuke ds lokZsPp ukxfjd
lEeku] n xzSaM vkWMZj vkWiQ n psu vkWiQ ;syks LVkj ls
z iQsfeuk fel bafM;k oYMZ 2023
lEekfur fd;k gSA
uafnuh xqIrk dks lkSan;Z çfr;ksfxrk] iQsfeuk fel bafM;k
z 2023 fe'ksy cSfVl iqjLdkj
oYMZ 2023 ds 59osa laLdj.k dk rkt iguk;k x;k gSA
txnh'k ckdu us ;wusLdks ls ck;ksLiQh;j fjtoZ çca/u
z 'krkCnh iq#"k iqjLdkj
ds fy, 2023 fe'ksy cSfVl iqjLdkj thrk gSA
iwoZ yksdlHkk lkaln iafMr jkefd'ku dks ubZ fnYyh esa
z 45ok¡ ;wjksih; fuca/ iqjLdkj
¶'krkCnh iq#"k¸ ('krkCnh dk vkneh) dh mikf/ ls
v#a/fr jkW; dks muds uohure fuca/ ^vktknh* ds
lEekfur fd;k x;kA
Úsap vuqokn ds volj ij vkthou miyfC/ ds fy,
z fo'o çsl Lora=krk iqjLdkj 2023 45osa ;wjksih; fuca/ iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA
;wusLdks us tsy esa can rhu bZjkuh efgyk i=kdkjksa dks z xka/h 'kkafr iqjLdkj
viuk okf"kZd fo'o çsl Lora=krk iqjLdkj çnku fd;k xhrk çsl] xksj•iqj dks vfgald vkSj vU; xka/hoknh
gSA rjhdksa ds ekè;e ls lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj jktuhfrd
fuyksiQj gehnh] bykgs eksgEenh vkSj uxZsl eksgEenh ifjorZu esa mRÑ"V ;ksxnku ds fy, o"kZ 2021 ds xka/h
fotsrk gSaA 'kkafr iqjLdkj ds fy, pquk x;k gSA
mUgsa bZjku esa ekuokf/dkjksa ds guu ij fjiksfVZax esa z teZu 'kkafr iqjLdkj 2023
muds dke vkSj lPpkbZ vkSj tokcnsgh ds çfr mudh fczfV'k&vesfjdh ys•d] lyeku #'nh dks muds
çfrc¼rk ds fy, igpkuk x;kA lkfgfR;d dk;ks± vkSj yxkrkj •rjs ds lkeus muds

WALLAH
ladYi vkSj ldkjkRed n`f"Vdks.k ds fy, çfrf"Br z yksdekU; fryd jk"Vªh; iqjLdkj 2023
teZu 'kkafr iqjLdkj 2023 ds fy, pquk x;k gSA fryd Lekjd eafnj VªLV (fgan Lojkt la?k) ç/kuea=kh
z 2023 LdkbZVªSDl oYMZ ,;jykbu vokM~lZ ujsaæ eksnh dks çfrf"Br yksdekU; fryd jk"Vªh; iqjLdkj
bafMxks us çfrf"Br 2023 LdkbZVªSDl oYMZ ,;jykbu 2023 çnku djsxkA
vokM~lZ esa Hkkjr vkSj nf{k.k ,f'k;k esa loZJs"B z xzSaM ØkWl vkWiQ n yhtu vkWiQ vkWuj vokMZ
de ykxr okyh ,;jykbu ds :i esa 'kh"kZ iqjLdkj ih,e eksnh dks Úkal ds lokZsPp ukxfjd vkSj lSU;
thrk gSA lEeku] ^xzSaM ØkWl vkWiQ n yhtu vkWiQ vkWuj* ls
z cky lkfgR; iqjLdkj 2023 lEekfur fd;kA
fç;k ,,l dks çfrf"Br (dsaæ) lkfgR; vdkneh cky z SKOCH vokMZ 2023
lkfgR; iqjLdkj 2023 ukfer fd;k x;k gSA tEew vkSj d'ehj xzkeh.k vkthfodk fe'ku (JKRLM)
z vkWMZj vkWiQ n ukby* iqjLdkj us xksYM Js.kh esa ^LVsV vkWiQ xouZsal bafM;k 2047* Fkhe
ds rgr SKOCH vokMZ 2023 thrk gSA
ujsaæ eksnh dks felz dk lokZsPp ukxfjd iqjLdkj ^vkWMZj
vkWiQ n ukby* ls lEekfur fd;kA z ,uh iqjLdkj 2023
çks- Vh- çnhi us çfrf"Br ,uh vokMZ 2023 thrk gSA
z fLiukstk iqjLdkj 2023
z ^m|ksx jRu* iqjLdkj 2023
Hkkjrh; ewy dh oSKkfud tksbrk xqIrk dks Mp foKku
egkjk"Vª ljdkj us jru VkVk dks igyk ^m|ksx jRu*
ds lokZsPp lEeku fLiukstk iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k
iqjLdkj 2023 nsus dk iQSlyk fd;k gSA
x;k gSA
z Hkfo"; dkS'ky iqjLdkj 2023
z IokbaV~l vkWiQ ykbV iqjLdkj
,uVhihlh dks yfuZax vkSj vifLdfyax Js.kh esa
fczfV'k ç/kuea=kh ½f"k lqud us fd;k lEekfur 28
,vkbZ@,vkj@ohvkj ds loZJs"B mi;ksx esa bdksukWfed
twu] 2023 dks jkftanj flag /êð dks ikWbaV vkWiQ ykbV VkbEl (bZVh) ,pvkj oYMZ Ý;wpj fLdYl vokM~lZ
iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA 2023 çkIr gqvk gSA
z isu fiaVj iqjLdkj 2023 z xksYMu ihdkWd i;kZoj.k çca/u iqjLdkj 2023
fczfV'k cPpksa ds ys•d vkSj çn'kZu dfo ekbdy jkslsu vnkuh Vªkalfe'ku fyfeVsM us baLVhVÔwV vkWiQ Mk;jsDVlZ
dks çfrf"Br PEN fiaVj iqjLdkj 2023 ls lEekfur ls ikoj Vªkalfe'ku {ks=k esa xksYMu ihdkWd i;kZoj.k
fd;k x;k gSA çca/u iqjLdkj 2023 thrk gSA


19 th-vkbZ- VSx
z thvkbZ VSx] ;k HkkSxksfyd ladsr VSx] ,d fpUg gS ftldk dh ckSf¼d laink gS tks bu mRiknksa dh çfr"Bk vkSj xq.koÙkk dh
mi;ksx dqN mRiknksa ij fd;k tkrk gS ftudh ,d fof'k"V j{kk djus esa enn djrh gSA
HkkSxksfyd mRifÙk gksrh gSA ;g ,d çdkj dh ckSf¼d laink thvkbZ VSx ds fuEufyf•r egRo gSa%
gS tks bu mRiknksa dh çfr"Bk vkSj xq.koÙkk dh j{kk djus
;g bu mRiknksa ds mRikndksa dh ckSf¼d laink dh j{kk
esa enn djrh gSA Hkkjr esa] thvkbZ VSx dks oLrqvksa ds
djus esa enn djrk gSA
HkkSxksfyd ladsr (iathdj.k vkSj laj{k.k) vf/fu;e 1999
;g bu mRiknksa dh fu;kZr {kerk dks c<+kok nsus esa enn
}kjk fofu;fer fd;k tkrk gSA
djrk gSA
z 2023 rd] Hkkjr ds 400 ls vf/d mRikn gSa ftUgsa thvkbZ
blls ;g lqfuf'pr djus esa enn feyrh gS fd
VSx ls lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA ;s mRikn Ñf"k] Hkkstu]
miHkksÙkQkvksa dks thvkbZ VSx okyk mRikn •jhnrs le;
gLrf'kYi vkSj diM+k lfgr fofHkUu {ks=kksa ls vkrs gSaA vlyh mRikn feysA
z Hkkjr esa 102 mRiknksa ds lkFk lcls vf/d thvkbZ VSx okyk ;g bu mRiknksa ds mRiknu ls tqM+s ikjaifjd Kku vkSj
jkT; dsjy gSA vf/d la[;k esa thvkbZ VSx okys vU; jkT;ksa dkS'ky dks lajf{kr djus esa enn djrk gSA
esa if'pe caxky (76)] dukZVd (62)] rfeyukMq (59)] thvkbZ VSx nl o"kks± ds fy, oS/ gS vkSj bls vxys nl
vkSj mÙkj çns'k (53) 'kkfey gSaA o"kks± dh vof/ ds fy, uohuhÑr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
z thvkbZ VSx Hkkjrh; mRiknksa dh ckSf¼d laink dh j{kk fdlh mRikn ds fy, thvkbZ VSx çkIr djus ds ykHk%
djus vkSj mudh fu;kZr {kerk dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, ,d z blls mRikn dh dher c<+kus esa enn fey ldrh gSA
egRoiw.kZ midj.k gSA
z ;g mRikn dh foi.ku {kerk dks csgrj cukus esa enn dj
Hkkjr ljdkj ds okf.kT; vkSj m|ksx ea=kky; ds m|ksx ldrk gSA

laoèkZu vkSj vkarfjd O;kikj foHkkx ds rgr HkkSxksfyd ladsr z ;g mRikn dks tkylkth ls cpkus esa enn dj ldrk gSA
jftLVªh (thvkbZ jftLVªh) Hkkjr esa thvkbZ VSx çnku djrh gSA z ;g miHkksÙkQkvksa ds chp mRikn dks c<+kok nsus esa enn dj
thvkbZ VSx mu mRiknksa ij bLrseky fd;k tkus okyk ,d ldrk gSA

fpUg gS ftudh ,d fof'k"V HkkSxksfyd mRifÙk gksrh gS vkSj muesa z ;g mRikn ds mRikndksa ds chp leqnk; dh Hkkouk iSnk
ml mRifÙk ds dkj.k xq.k ;k çfr"Bk gksrh gSA ;g ,d çdkj djus esa enn dj ldrk gSA
fiNys o"kZ Hkkjr esa thvkbZ VSx çkIr djus okys mRiknksa dh lwph
jkT; mRikn oxZ
vle dkth useq Ñf"k
v#.kkpy çns'k bnq fe'eh VsDlVkbYl gLrf'kYi
xksok •ksyk fepZ Ñf"k
tEew ,oa d'ehj d'ehj dslj Ñf"k
ef.kiqj ef.kiqjh dkyk pkoy •k| lkexzh
jkT; mRikn oxZ
fetksje fetks iqvkupsbZ gLrf'kYi
fetksje royksgiqvku gLrf'kYi
fetksje ikWUMe gLrf'kYi
fetksje iqvku gLrf'kYi
fetksje gekjke gLrf'kYi
vksfM'kk da/eky gYnh Ñf"k
vksfM'kk jlxqYyk •k| lkexzh
rfeyukMq dksMkbduky eykbZ iwaMq Ñf"k
rfeyukMq iykuh iapkfeFkZe •k| lkexzh
rfeyukMq fMaMhxqy rkys fufeZr
rfeyukMq JhfoYyhiqÙkwj Palkova •k| lkexzh
rfeyukMq daMkaxh lkM+h gLrf'kYi
dukZVd xqycxkZ rqvj nky Ñf"k
dsjy fr#j iku dk iÙkk Ñf"k
rfeyukMq ujfla?kkisêðbZ ukxLoje gLrf'kYi
Hkkjr esa thvkbZ VSx dh lwph 2022% fcgkj

1- flykvks •ktk
2- e/qcuh isafVax
3- fcgkj dh 'kkgh yhph
4- fcgkj dk ,fIyd odZ
5- e?kbZ iku
6- fcgkj dk flDdh ?kkl mRikn
7- druhZ pkoy
8- Hkkxyiqj flYd
9- Hkkxyiqj tnkZyw
10- fcgkj ds yksxks dk ,fIyd odZ
11- fcgkj yksxks dk lqftuh d<+kbZ dk;Z
12- fcgkj ds flDdh ?kkl mRikn dk yksxksa

th-vkbZ- VSx 131

20 pfpZr iqLrdsa vkSj ys•d
Book Author
Forks in the Road% My Days at RBI and Beyond” C Rangarajan
The Indian Navy@75 Reminiscing the Voyage Commodore Ranjit B Rai (Retd) and defence journalist
Aritra Banerjee-
Fit At Any Age Air Marshal PV Iyer (retd-)
Light We Carry% Overcoming in Uncertain Times Michelle Obama
Miracles of Face Yoga Mansi Gulati
All the Broken Places John Boyn
City of Joy Dominique Lapierre
Brave Hearts of Bharat, Vignettes from Indian History’ Vikram Sampath
India Pakistan conundrum Sharat Sabarwal
Super-Infinite% The Transformations of John Donne Katherine Rundell
The Chipko Movement% A People’s History Shekhar Pathak
Nalanda – Until we meet again’ Gautam Borah
The World% A Family History’ Simon Sebag Montefiore
E- K- Janaki Ammal% Life and Scientific Contributions” Nirmala James
Winning the Inner Battle Bringing the best version of you Shane Watson
to cricket
De la Nucléarisation de l “Asie’ (Nuclearization of Asia) French Author Rene Naba
DELHI UNIVERSITY% Celebrating 100 Glorious Years” Hardeep Singh Puri
“From dependence to SelfReliance% Mapping India’s Rise Dr Bimal Jalan
as a Global Superpower””
‘The India Story’ Dr Bimal Jalal
‘Listen to Your Heart% The London Adventure’ Ruskin Bond
‘Business of Sports% The Winning Formula for Success’ Vinit Karnik
‘A Place Called Home’ Preeti Shenoy
‘Modi @20% Dreams Meeting Delivery’ VP Venkaiah Naidu
‘The Struggle for Police Reforms in India’ Eñ&IPS Prakash Singh
‘INDO&PAK WAR 1971& Reminiscences of Air Warriors’ Rajnath Singh
‘Leaders, Politicians, Citizens’ Rasheed Kidwai
‘Birsa Munda – Janjatiya Nayak’ Prof- Alok Chakrawal
Lal Salam Smriti Irani
Pride, Prejudice and Punditry Shashi Tharoor
“Crunch Time% Narendra Modi’s National Security Crises” Dr Sreeram Chauliahas
“Queen of Fire” Devika Rangachari
Book Author
“Decoding Indian Babudom” Ashwini Shrivastava
‘The Maverick Effect’ Harish Mehta
“Tiger of Drass% Capt- Anuj Nayyar, 23, Kargil Hero” Meena Nayyar & Himmat Singh Shekhawat
‘Hear Yourself’ Author Prem Rawat
‘Not Just A Nightwatchman% My Innings with BCCI’ Former CAG Vinod Rai
“The Boy Who Wrote a Constitution ” Rajesh Talwar
“The Magic of Mangalajodi” & “My Research Works on Avinash Khemka & Abinash Mahapatra
Sikh History and Philosophy”
‘Chinese Spies% From Chairman Mao to XI Jinping’ Roger Faligot
‘Amit Shah Ani Bhajapachi Vatchal’ Dr Anirban Ganguly and Shiwanand Dwivedi
‘The Millennial Yogi% A modern&day parable about Former Indian Army Captain, Deepam Chatterjee
reclaiming one’s life’
‘Udaan Ek Majdoor Bachhe Ki’ Mithilesh Tiwari
Ungalil Oruvan (One Among You) MK Stalin
‘The Queen of Indian Pop% The Authorised Biography of Vikas Kumar Jha
Usha Uthup’
‘The Blue Book% A Writer’s Journal Amitava Kumar
‘Role of Labour in India’s Development’ Labour Minister Bhupendra Yadav
‘Soli Sorabjee% Life and Times’ Abhinav Chandrachud
‘The Queen of Indian Pop’ Usha Uthup
‘On Board% My Years in BCCI’ Ratnakar Shetty
‘Tomb of Sand’ Geetanjali Shree
‘More than Just Surgery% Life Lessons Beyond the OT’ Dr Tehemton Erach Udwadia
‘Wrist Assured% An Autobiography’ Former Cricketer G-R- Viswanath
‘Unfilled Barrels India’s oil story’ Richa Mishra
‘The Little Book of Joy’ Dalai Lama & Desmond Tutu
‘Spoorthi Pradatha Sri Somayya’ K Syam Prasad
‘Fearless Governance’ Dr- Kiran Bedi
‘Operation Khatma’ RC Ganjoo and Ashwini Bhatnagar
‘India, That is Bharat% Coloniality, Civilisation J Sai Deepak
Constitution’
‘Golden Boy Neeraj Chopra’ Navdeep Singh Gill
‘Atal Bihari Vajpayee’ Sagarika Ghose
‘India–Africa Relations% Changing Horizons’ Rajiv Bhatia
‘How to Prevent the Neñt Pandemic’ Bill Gates
‘Humane% How the United States Abandoned Peace and Samuel Moyn
Reinvented War’
‘Dignity in a Digital Age% Making Tech Work for All of Us’ Ro Khanna
‘A History of Sriniketan% Rabindranath Tagore’s Uma Das Gupta
Pioneering Work in Rural Construction’
‘A Nation To Protect’ Priyam Gandhi Mody
‘The Founders% The Story of Paypal and the Entrepreneurs Jimmy Soni
Who Shaped Silicon Valley’
pfpZr iqLrdsa vkSj ys•d 133

Book Author
‘The Great Tech Game% Shaping Geopolitics and the Anirudh Suri
Destinies of Nations’
‘Gandhi’s Assassin% The Making of Nathuram Godse and Dhirendra K- Jha
His Idea of India-
‘Mamata% Beyond 2021’ Jayanta Ghosal
‘Ratan N- Tata% The Authorized Biography’ Dr- Thomas Matthew
‘Indomitable% A Working Woman’s Notes on Life] Work] Arundhati Bhattacharya
and Leadership’
‘Bose% The untold story of an inconvenient nationalist’ Chandrachur Ghose
‘The Legend of Birsa Munda’ Tuhin A Sinha and Ankita Verma
‘India’s Women Unsung Heroes’ Meenakshi Lekhi
‘A Little Book of India% Celebrating 75 years of Ruskin Bond
Independence’
‘The $10 Trillion Dream’ Subhash Chandra Garg
Life in the Clock Tower Valley Shakoor Rather
Suparipalana Dr Shailendra Joshi
Elephant in the Womb Kalki Koechlin
Names of the Women Jeet Thayil
The Bench Meghan Markle
My Eñperiments with Silence Samir Soni
Whereabouts Jhumpa Lahiri
Dawn Under the Dome Swati Pandy in Collaboration with Orchida Mukherjee
The Living Mountain Amitav Ghosh
Dynasty to Democracy% The Untold Story of Smriti Irani’s Anant Vijay’s
Triumph
Climate Change Eñplained – For One and All Aakash Ranison
The Frontier Gandhi% My Life and Struggle Pashto and Published in 1983
The Christmas Pig JK Rowling
Advantage India% The Story of Indian Tennis Anindya Dutta
Believe – What Life and Cricket Taught Me Bharat Sundaresan] co&author Suresh Raina
Stories I Must Tell% An Actor’s Emotional Journey Kabir Bedi
Manohar Parrikar% Brilliant Mind, Simple Life Nitin Gokhale
Maveric Messiah Ramesh Kandula
The Terrible, Horrible, Very Bad Good News Meghna Pant
ASOCA% A Sutra Irwin Allan Sealy
Starstruck% Confessions of a TV Executive Peter Mukherjea
Making of a General-A Himalayan Echo Lt- General Konsam Himalaya Singh
Unfinished% A Memoir Priyanka Chopra Jonas
The Population Myth% Islam, Family Planning and S Y Quraishi
Politics in India
By Many a Happy Accident% Recollections of a Life M Hamid Ansari
Right Under our Nose R Giridharan
Platform Scale% For a Post-Pandemic World Sangeet Paul Choudhary

WALLAH
Book Author
India’s 71 Year Test% The Journey to Triumph in Australia R- Kaushik
Beautiful Things Hunter Biden
Vahana Masterclass Alfredo Covelli
The Little Book of Encouragement Dalai Lama
Manohar Parrikar – Off the Record Waman Subha Prabhu
The Commonwealth of Cricket Ramchandra Guha
“Master Residential Real Estate” Ashwinidar R Singh
“Ringside” Vijay Darda
“Guts Amidst Bloodbath% The Anshuman Gaekwad Aditya Bhushan
Narrative”
“The Golden Years” Ruskin Bond
“Made in India% 75 Years of Business and Enterprise” Amitabh Kant
“Reflection” Mr- Narayanan Vaghul
“Smoke and Ashes” Amitav Ghosh
“Sachin@50 & Celebrating a Maestro” Boria Mazumdar
“Graphic Novel ‘Ajay to Yogi Adityanath” Shantanu Gupta

pfpZr iqLrdsa vkSj ys•d 135

21 fu/u
f'katks vkcs lksfo;r la?k ds fo?kVu esa enn dhA 'khr ;q¼ dks lekIr
djus ds muds ç;klksa ds fy, mUgsa 1990 esa ukscsy 'kkafr
iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA
z tkiku ds lcls yacs le; rd ç/ku ea=kh jgs f'katks vkcs

dh if'peh 'kgj ukjk esa ,d vfHk;ku Hkk"k.k nsrs le;
xksyh yxus ls e`R;q gks xbZA og 67 o"kZ ds FksA vkcs dh
mudh vkfFkZd uhfr;ksa ds fy, ç'kalk dh xbZ] ftlus tkiku
dks eanh ls ckgj fudkyus esa enn dh] ysfdu fons'k uhfr z in NksM+us ds ckn og lkoZtfud thou esa lfØ; jgs]
ij muds dBksj #• vkSj tkiku ds ;q¼dkyhu bfrgkl ds i;kZoj.k ds eqíksa ij dke djrs jgs vkSj yksdra=k dks c<+kok
ckjs esa muds la'kks/uoknh fopkjksa ds fy, mudh vkykspuk nsrs jgsA mUgksaus xksckZpso iQkmaMs'ku dh LFkkiuk dh] tks
Hkh dh xbZA yksdra=k vkSj ekuokf/dkjksa dks c<+kok nsrk gSA
z vkcs igyh ckj 2006 esa ç/kuea=kh cus Fks] ysfdu LokLF; jkds'k >qu>quokyk
leL;kvksa ds dkj.k mUgksaus ,d lky ckn gh bLrhiQk ns fn;k
FkkA og 2012 esa dk;kZy; ykSVs vkSj 2020 rd lsok dh]
tc mUgksaus LokLF; dkj.kksa ls fiQj ls bLrhiQk ns fn;kA vius
dk;Zdky ds nkSjku] vkcs us dbZ egRokdka{kh uhfr;ka viukbZa]
ftuesa vkfFkZd lq/kj] tkikuh lsuk esa lajpukRed ifjorZu
vkSj la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk ds lkFk ?kfu"B laca/ 'kkfey
FksA mUgksaus dksfoM&19 egkekjh ds f•ykiQ varjjk"Vªh;
çfrfØ;k esa Hkh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA
fe•kby xksckZpso z Hkkjr ds lcls liQy LVkWd fuos'kdksa esa ls ,d vkSj ¶fcx
z xksckZpso dk tUe 1931 esa nf{k.kh :l ds NksVs ls xk¡o cqy¸ ds uke ls tkus tkus okys jkds'k >qu>quokyk dk
fçoksyukW; esa gqvk FkkA og dE;qfuLV ikVhZ esa vkxs c<+s vkSj 62 o"kZ dh vk;q esa fu/u gks x;kA og xqnZs dh chekjh
1985 esa egklfpo cusA xksckZpso us XykluksLV (•qykiu) vkSj bLdsfed ân; jksx ls ihfM+r FksA >qu>quokyk dk
vkSj isjsL=kksbdk (iquxZBu) uked lq/kjksa dh ,d Jà•yk tUe 1960 esa dksydkrk esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus viuk dfj;j
'kq: dh] ftlus 'khr ;q¼ dks lekIr djus vkSj 1991 esa ,d pkVZMZ vdkmaVsaV ds :i esa 'kq: fd;k] ysfdu tYn
gh LVkWd VªsfMax dh vksj #• dj fy;kA mUgksaus viuk fd;k x;k FkkA mudh Le`fr esa] Ñf"k vkSj xzkeh.k fodkl ij
igyk cM+k fuos'k 1985 esa fd;k] tc mUgksaus ?kM+h vkSj vuqla/ku dk leFkZu djus ds fy, vfHkthr lsu eseksfj;y
vkHkw"k.k daiuh VkbVu baMLVªht esa 'ks;j •jhnsA fuos'k cgqr iQaM dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ gSA
ykHknk;d jgk vkSj >qu>quokyk jkrksa&jkr djksM+ifr cu x,A
Dohu ,fytkcsFk II
z bu o"kks± esa] >qu>quokyk us dbZ vU; liQy fuos'k fd,]
ftuesa baiQksfll] foçks vkSj ,pMh,iQlh cSad tSlh daifu;ka
'kkfey gSaA og de ewY; okys 'ks;jksa dks pquus vkSj mUgsa yacs
le; rd cuk, j•us dh viuh {kerk ds fy, tkus x,A
>qu>quokyk Hkkjrh; 'ks;j cktkj ds Hkh eq•j leFkZd FksA
z og vDlj Vsyhfotu vkSj ehfM;k esa viuh fuos'k varnZ`f"V
dks turk ds lkFk lk>k djrs gq, fn•kbZ nsrs FksA og dbZ
;qok fuos'kdksa ds xq# Hkh FksA ,d c;ku esa] ç/ku ea=kh
ujsaæ eksnh us dgk fd >qu>quokyk ¶Hkkjrh; 'ks;j cktkj
ds ,d çrhd¸ Fks vkSj mudh e`R;q ,d ¶cM+h {kfr¸ FkhA
mUgksaus dgk fd >qu>quokyk ¶dbZ ;qok fuos'kdksa ds fy, z lcls yacs le; rd jkt djus okyh fczfV'k lezkV vkSj
,d vkn'kZ¸ Fks vkSj mudh ¶fuos'k varnZ`f"V gekjk ekxZn'kZu 15 vU; jk"VªeaMy {ks=kksa dh çeq• egkjkuh ,fytkcsFk
djrh jgsxh¸A f}rh; dk 96 o"kZ dh vk;q esa fu/u gks x;kA jkuh dk tUe
vfHkthr lsu (vFkZ'kkL=kh) 21 vçSy] 1926 dks gqvk Fkk vkSj og 6 iQjojh] 1952
z vfHkthr lsu ,d ç[;kr vFkZ'kkL=kh vkSj ;kstuk vk;ksx dks flagklu ij cSBhaA muds firk] fdax tkWtZ VI dh e`R;qA
ds iwoZ lnL; FksA og Ñf"k vkSj xzkeh.k fodkl ds vxz.kh og IySfVue tqcyh eukus okyh igyh fczfV'k lezkV Fkha]
fo'ks"kK Fks vkSj muds dke dk Hkkjr esa lkoZtfud uhfr tks 2022 esa flagklu ij 70 lky iwjs djsaxhA mUgksaus vius
ij egRoiw.kZ çHkko iM+kA lsu dk tUe 1950 esa dksydkrk] 'kkludky ds nkSjku 100 ls vf/d ns'kksa dk nkSjk fd;k
Hkkjr esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus dydÙkk fo'ofo|ky; vkSj fnYyh vkSj dbZ fo'o usrkvksa ls eqykdkr dhA mls foaMlj dSly
Ldwy vkWiQ bdksukWfeDl esa vFkZ'kkL=k dk vè;;u fd;k] esa lsaV tkWtZ pSiy ds jkW;y okWYV esa niQuk;k x;k FkkA
vkSj ckn esa dSfEczt fo'ofo|ky; ls ih,pMh çkIr dhA z mUgksaus 70 o"kks± rd 'kklu fd;k] bl nkSjku mUgksaus dbZ
mUgksaus fnYyh Ldwy vkWiQ bdksukWfeDl vkSj tokgjyky çeq• ?kVuk,a ns•ha] ftuesa fczfV'k lkezkT; dk var] ;wjksih;
usg: fo'ofo|ky; esa i<+k;k vkSj Ñf"k ykxr vkSj ewY; la?k dk mn; vkSj 9@11 ds vkradoknh geys 'kkfey FksA
vk;ksx ds vè;{k lfgr dbZ egRoiw.kZ ljdkjh inksa ij z jkuh dh e`R;q ,d ;qx ds var dk çrhd gSA og okLro
dk;Z fd;kA esa ,d mYys•uh; efgyk Fkha ftUgsa mudh Ñik] mudh
z lsu xjhcksa vkSj gkf'k, ij jgus okys yksxksa ds çcy leFkZd xfjek vkSj vius ns'k ds çfr mudh lsok ds fy, ;kn
Fks vkSj mudk dke ;g lqfuf'pr djus ij dsafær Fkk fd fd;k tk,xkA
mUgsa vkfFkZd fodkl ls ykHk feysA og jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k z ;gk¡ jkuh dh dqN lcls mYys•uh; miyfC/;k¡ gSa%
jkstxkj xkjaVh vf/fu;e ds fodkl esa ,d çeq• O;fÙkQ og 2015 esa egkjkuh foDVksfj;k dks iNkM+dj lcls yacs
Fks] tks xzkeh.k ifjokjksa dks jkstxkj dh xkjaVh çnku djrk le; rd jkt djus okyh fczfV'k lezkV FkhaA
gSA og Hkwfe vf/xzg.k vkSj foLFkkiu ij ljdkj dh uhfr;ksa og ;wukbVsM fdaxMe] dukMk] vkWLVªsfy;k vkSj U;wthySaM
ds Hkh eq•j vkykspd FksA lfgr 15 ns'kksa dh çeq• FkhaA

z lsu ,d foiqy ys•d vkSj 'kks/drkZ Fks] vkSj mudk dke mUgksaus 1947 esa fçal fiQfyi ls 'kknh dh vkSj muds
çeq• vdknfed if=kdkvksa esa çdkf'kr gqvk gSA og Hkkjr pkj cPps gq,A
dh jk"Vªh; foKku vdkneh vkSj Hkkjrh; lkekftd foKku og 600 ls vf/d /ekZFkZ laLFkkvksa dh laj{kd FkhaA
vuqla/ku ifj"kn ds lnL; FksA mUgsa 2010 esa Hkkjr ds ;wukbVsM fdaxMe ds lokZsPp ukxfjd lEeku vkWMZj
rhljs lcls cM+s ukxfjd iqjLdkj] iÁ Hkw"k.k ls Hkh lEekfur vkWiQ esfjV ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA
fu/u 137
mUgksaus M~okbV Mh- vkbtugkoj ls ysdj tks fcMsu rd MkW- fnyhi egykuchl
14 vesfjdh jk"Vªifr;ksa ls Hkh eqykdkr dhA z MkW- fnyhi egykukfcl ,d cky jksx fo'ks"kK Fks ftUgksaus
mUgksaus 600 ls vf/d 'kkgh Hkk"k.k Hkh fn, vkSj 26]000 Mk;fj;k laca/h chekfj;ksa ds bykt ds fy, vksjy fjgkbMªs'ku
ls vf/d n'kZdksa dks lacksf/r fd;kA Fksjsih (vksvkj,l) ds mi;ksx dh 'kq#vkr dh FkhA MkWA
lkbjl feL=kh egykuchl dk tUe 1934 esa ckaXykns'k ds fd'kksjxat
esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus 1958 esa dydÙkk fo'ofo|ky; ls
z lkbjl feL=kh Hkkjr ds lcls cM+s lewg VkVk lal ds iwoZ esfMdy dh fMxzh çkIr dhA cky jksx foKku esa viuh
vè;{k FksA tc ;g gknlk gqvk rc feL=kh eflZMht dkj jsthMsalh iwjh djus ds ckn] mUgksaus 1971 esa ckaXykns'k eqfÙkQ
esa vgenkckn ls eqacbZ tk jgs FksA dkj lM+d ds fMokbMj ;q¼ ds nkSjku 'kj.kkFkhZ f'kfojksa esa dke fd;kA ;gh og
ls Vdjkdj iyV xbZ- nq?kZVuk esa feL=kh vkSj muds nksLr le; Fkk tc mUgksaus 'kj.kkfFkZ;ksa ds chp vke rkSj ij gksus
tgkaxhj iaMksys dh ekSr gks xbZA okys futZyhdj.k ds bykt ds fy, vksvkj,l dk fopkj
z feL=kh dk tUe 1968 esa ckWEcs (vc eqacbZ) esa gqvk FkkA og fodflr fd;kA
,d fuekZ.k O;olk;h vkSj Hkkjr ds lcls vehj O;fÙkQ;ksa z vksvkj,l ikuh] phuh vkSj ued dk ,d ljy ?kksy
esa ls ,d iYyksuth 'kkiwjth feL=kh ds lcls NksVs csVs gS ftls vklkuh ls ?kj ij cuk;k tk ldrk gSA ;g
FksA feL=kh us eqacbZ fo'ofo|ky; ls bathfu;fjax vkSj yanu nLr ds bykt dk ,d cgqr gh çHkkoh rjhdk gS vkSj
fctusl Ldwy ls fctusl ,MfefuLVªs'ku dh i<+kbZ dhA blus nqfu;k Hkj esa yk•ksa yksxksa dh tku cpkbZ gSA
z Lukrd gksus ds ckn] feL=kh VkVk lewg esa 'kkfey gks x,] MkW- vksvkj,l ij egykukfcl ds dke dks fo'o LokLF;
tgk¡ mUgksaus fofHkUu inksa ij dk;Z fd;kA 2012 esa mUgsa VkVk laxBu (MCY;w,pvks) us ekU;rk nh] ftlus mUgsa 2009 esa
lal dk ps;jeSu fu;qÙkQ fd;k x;kA og bl in ij vklhu ¶oSf'od LokLF; dk uk;d¸ uke fn;kA
gksus okys igys xSj&ikfjokfjd lnL; FksA z vksvkj,l ij vius dke ds vykok] MkW- egykukfcl us
z vè;{k ds :i esa] feL=kh us VkVk lewg ds fy, fodkl gStk vkSj fueksfu;k lfgr cpiu dh vU; chekfj;ksa ij Hkh
vkSj fofo/hdj.k dk nkSj ns•kA mUgksaus lewg ds O;olk;ksa 'kks/ fd;kA og dydÙkk fo'ofo|ky; esa cky jksx foKku
ds iquxZBu lfgr dbZ lq/kjksa dh 'kq#vkr dhA ds çksiQslj vkSj MCY;w,pvks ds lykgdkj FksA og iksfyu
iqjLdkj ds Hkh çkIrdrkZ Fks] ftls cky fpfdRlk esa ukscsy
z vius O;kolkf;d dfj;j ds vykok] feL=kh ijksidkj esa
iqjLdkj ds led{k ekuk tkrk gSA
Hkh lfØ; FksA og Hkkjr ds lcls cM+s /ekZFkZ VªLVksa esa ls
,d] lj nksjkcth VkVk VªLV ds VªLVh FksA mUgksaus dbZ vU; eqyk;e flag ;kno
'kS{kf.kd vkSj lkekftd laLFkkuksa ds cksMZ esa Hkh dk;Z fd;kA
'kadjkpk;Z Lokeh Lo:ikuan ljLorh
z T;ksfreZB vkSj 'kkjnk ihBksa ds 45osa 'kadjkpk;Z] 'kadjkpk;Z
Lokeh Lo:ikuan ljLorh dk 11 flracj] 2022 dks 99 o"kZ
dh vk;q esa fu/u gks x;kA mudk tUe 2 flracj] 1924 dks
mÙkjk•aM ds T;ksfreZB xkao esa gqvk FkkA mUgsa 1944 esa ,d
fHk{kq ds :i esa fu;qÙkQ fd;k x;k vkSj 1981 esa T;ksfreZB
ihB ds 'kadjkpk;Z cusA og 1981 ls 2002 rd 'kkjnk ihB z eqyk;e flag ;kno ,d vuqHkoh Hkkjrh; jktuhfrK vkSj
ds 'kadjkpk;Z Hkh jgsA lektoknh ikVhZ ds laLFkkid FksA ;kno dk tUe 1939 esa
z Lokeh Lo:ikuan ljLorh osnkar ds egku fo}ku vkSj ç•j mÙkj çns'k ds lSiQbZ esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus viuk jktuhfrd
ys•d FksA mUgksaus osnkar ij dbZ fdrkcsa fy•ha] ftuesa ¶n dfj;j 1960 ds n'kd esa Hkkjrh; jk"Vªh; dkaxzsl ds lnL;
,lsal vkWiQ osnkar¸ vkSj ¶n mifu"kn¸ 'kkfey gSaA og ,d ds :i esa 'kq: fd;kA ckn esa og turk ikVhZ esa 'kkfey gks
egku lekt lq/kjd Hkh Fks vkSj mUgksaus xjhcksa vkSj oafprksa x, vkSj mÙkj çns'k ljdkj esa ea=kh ds :i esa dk;Z fd;kA
ds mRFkku ds fy, dke fd;kA og f'k{kk ds egku leFkZd 1990 esa mUgksaus lektoknh ikVhZ dh LFkkiuk dh] tks mÙkj
Fks vkSj mUgksaus dbZ Ldwyksa vkSj dkWystksa dh LFkkiuk dhA çns'k dh jktuhfr esa ,d cM+h rkdr cu xbZA

WALLAH
z ;kno 1989 ls 1991] 1993 ls 1995 vkSj 2003 ls 2007 ';ke lju usxh
rd rhu ckj mÙkj çns'k ds eq[;ea=kh jgsA og 1996 ls z 1951 esa Hkkjr ds igys vke pquko esa igyk oksV Mkyus
1998 rd j{kk ea=kh ds :i esa lsok djrs gq, dsaæ ljdkj okys O;fÙkQ ';ke lju usxh dk 5 uoacj] 2022 dks fu/u
esa ea=kh Hkh jgsA gks x;kA laf{kIr chekjh ds ckn fgekpy çns'k ds dYik esa
byk Hkêð muds ?kj ij mudk fu/u gks x;kA
z byk Hkêð Lo&jkstxkj efgyk la?k (SEWA) dh laLFkkid z usxh dk tUe 1917 esa fgekpy çns'k ds ,d NksVs ls xk¡o
vkSj Hkkjr esa efgykvksa ds vf/dkjksa dh pSafi;u FkhaA Hkêð esa gqvk FkkA og is'ks ls ,d Ldwy f'k{kd Fks vkSj yksdra=k
dk tUe 1933 esa lwjr] Hkkjr esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus xqtjkr ds çfr mRlkgh FksA 1951 ds ckn mUgksaus ,d Hkh pquko ugha
fo'ofo|ky; esa dkuwu dh i<+kbZ dh vkSj fiQj VsDlVkby NksM+k vkSj mUgsa Hkkjr ds igys vkSj lcls mRlkgh ernkrk
yscj ,lksfl,'ku ds fy, VªsM ;wfu;u vk;kstd ds :i esa ds :i esa tkuk tkrk FkkA usxh dbZ yksxksa ds fy, vk'kk
dke fd;kA vkSj çsj.kk ds çrhd FksA mUgksaus fn•k;k fd yksdrkaf=kd
z 1972 esa] mUgksaus SEWA dh LFkkiuk dh] tks lM+d çfØ;k esa Hkkx ysus esa dHkh nsj ugha gksrhA og ,d lPps
foØsrkvksa] ?kj&vk/kfjr Jfedksa vkSj •sfrgj etnwjksa tSlh ns'kHkÙkQ Fks tks ifjorZu ykus ds fy, yksdra=k dh 'kfÙkQ esa
Lo&jkstxkj efgyk Jfedksa ds fy, ,d la?k gSA SEWA fo'okl djrs FksA
us Hkkjr esa yk•ksa efgykvksa dks viuk thou csgrj cukus jktw JhokLro
esa enn dh gSA
z laxBu efgykvksa dks viuk O;olk; 'kq: djus esa enn
djus ds fy, çf'k{k.k] ½.k vkSj vU; lsok,¡ çnku djrk
gSA ;g Lo&jkstxkj efgyk Jfedksa ds vf/dkjksa dh Hkh
odkyr djrk gS] tSls U;wure osru vkSj lkekftd lqj{kk
ykHk dk vf/dkjA Hkêð jseu eSXlsls iqjLdkj ds çkIrdrkZ
Fks] tks ,f'k;k esa ukscsy 'kkafr iqjLdkj ds cjkcj gSA mUgsa
Hkkjr ds rhljs lcls cM+s ukxfjd iqjLdkj iÁ Hkw"k.k ls Hkh
lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA
jktw JhokLro dk tUe 1963 esa mÙkj çns'k ds dkuiqj
foØe xks•ys z
esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus 1990 ds n'kd dh 'kq#vkr esa ,d

z foØe xks•ys ,d çfl¼ ejkBh vkSj fganh vfHkusrk FksA LVSaM&vi dkWesfM;u ds :i esa viuk dfj;j 'kq: fd;k
xks•ys dk tUe 1945 esa iq.ks esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus vius FkkA
vfHku; dfj;j dh 'kq#vkr 1970 ds n'kd dh 'kq#vkr
z og tYn gh Hkkjr esa lcls yksdfç; gkL; dykdkjksa esa ls
esa ejkBh fFk,Vj ls dh FkhA mUgksaus ¶vfHkeU;q¸] ¶lákfæ¸
,d cu x,] vkSj dbZ fiQYeksa vkSj Vsyhfotu 'kks esa fn•kbZ
vkSj ¶lqYrku ineflag¸ lfgr 100 ls vf/d ejkBh ukVdksa
fn,A og dkWesMh 'kks n xzsV bafM;u ykÝVj pSysat esa Hkh
esa vfHku; fd;kA og ^vfLrRo*] ^dHkh gka dHkh uk* vkSj
çfr;ksxh Fks vkSj mifotsrk cusA mUgksaus blds fLiu&vkWiQ 'kks
^fnyokys nqYgfu;k ys tk,axs* lesr dbZ fganh fiQYeksa esa n xzsV bafM;u ykÝVj pSysat & pSafi;al esa ¶n fdax vkWiQ
Hkh utj vk,A dkWesMh¸ dk f•rkc thrkA
z xks•ys ,d cgqeq•h vfHkusrk Fks tks gkL; vkSj ukVdh;
nksuksa Hkwfedk,¡ fuHkkus esa leku :i ls ekfgj FksA og ,d Mksfefud ykfi,js
çfrHkk'kkyh funZs'kd vkSj fuekZrk Hkh FksA mUgksaus 2010 esa z Mksfefud ykfi,js ,d lcls T;knk fcdus okys ys•d Fks
ejkBh fiQYe ¶v?kkV¸ dk funZs'ku fd;k] ftlus loZJs"B ftUgksaus ;q¼ vkSj xjhch esa ekuoh; vuqHko ds ckjs esa fy•k
ejkBh fiQYe dk jk"Vªh; fiQYe iqjLdkj thrkA FkkA mudh e`R;q Úkal ds lSaVs&eSfDles esa ,d uflZax gkse
z xks•ys dbZ iqjLdkjksa ds çkIrdrkZ Fks] ftuesa iÁ Jh] laxhr esa gqbZA ySfi,js dk tUe 1931 esa Úkal ds psVsySyksu esa
ukVd vdkneh iqjLdkj vkSj loZJs"B vfHkusrk ds fy, gqvk FkkA mUgksaus dkuwu vkSj i=kdkfjrk dk vè;;u fd;k
egkjk"Vª jkT; iqjLdkj 'kkfey FksA og us'kuy Ldwy vkWiQ vkSj 1960 ds n'kd dh 'kq#vkr esa ,d i=kdkj ds :i
Mªkek ds iQsyks Hkh FksA esa viuk dfj;j 'kq: fd;kA og tYn gh fo'o ?kVukvksa
fu/u 139
ij viuh xgu fjiksfVZax ds fy, tkus tkus yxsA 1964 esa] og ;wfulsiQ ds jktnwr Hkh Fks vkSj mUgksaus viuh çflf¼
ySfi,js us ¶bt isfjl cfuZax\¸ iqLrd dk lg&ys•u fd;kA dk mi;ksx lkekftd dkj.kksa dks c<+kok nsus ds fy, fd;kA
ySjh dksfyUl ds lkFk- ;g fdrkc csLVlsyj jgh vkSj 1966
'kjn ;kno
esa bl ij fiQYe cuhA blesa f}rh; fo'o ;q¼ ds nkSjku
isfjl dh eqfÙkQ dh dgkuh crkbZ xbZA
z ySfi,js us dbZ vU; csLVlsfyax fdrkcsa fy•ha] ftuesa ¶n
flVh vkWiQ tkW;¸ (1985)] ¶iQkbo ikLV feMukbV bu
Hkksiky¸ (1997)] vkSj ¶ÚhMe ,V feMukbV¸ (1975)
'kkfey gSaA mudh iqLrdksa dk 50 ls vf/d Hkk"kkvksa
esa vuqokn fd;k x;k gS vkSj nqfu;k Hkj esa mudh 100
fefy;u ls vf/d çfr;ka fcdh gSaA og ,lksfl,'ku iQkWj n
MsoyiesaV vkWiQ bafM;k (,MhvkbZ) ds laLFkkid lnL; Fks]
tks Hkkjr esa cPpksa ds thou dks csgrj cukus esa enn djrk z 'kjn ;kno dk tUe 1947 esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus dkuwu dh
gSA ySfi,js dks 2008 esa Hkkjr ds rhljs lcls cM+s ukxfjd i<+kbZ dh vkSj 1970 ds n'kd esa turk ikVhZ ds lnL; ds
iqjLdkj] iÁ Hkw"k.k ls lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA og lSU; :i esa viuk jktuhfrd dfj;j 'kq: fd;kA og Hkkjr dh
vkSj ukxfjd ;ksX;rk ds fy, Úkal ds lokZsPp iqjLdkj] laln ds fupys lnu yksdlHkk ds fy, lkr ckj pqus x,A
yhtu vkWiQ vkWuj ds Hkh çkIrdrkZ FksA og ohih flag] paæ 'ks•j vkSj vVy fcgkjh oktis;h dh
ljdkj esa Hkh ea=kh jgsA
isys z ;kno ,d çeq• lektoknh usrk vkSj xjhcksa vkSj gkf'k, ij
ekStwn yksxksa ds vf/dkjksa ds çcy leFkZd FksA og Hkz"Vkpkj
vkSj lkaçnkf;drk ds Hkh eq•j vkykspd FksA og vius mxz
Hkk"k.kksa vkSj lkekftd U;k; ds çfr viuh çfrc¼rk ds
fy, tkus tkrs FksA
z ç/ku ea=kh ujsaæ eksnh us ;kno ds fu/u ij 'kksd O;ÙkQ
djrs gq, dgk fd og ,d ¶çeq• usrk¸ Fks ftUgksaus ¶vR;ar
leiZ.k ds lkFk ns'k dh lsok dh¸A fcgkj ds eq[;ea=kh
z czkthfy;kbZ iQqVckWy ds fnXxt isys] ftUgksaus rhu fo'o di uhrh'k dqekj us dgk fd ;kno ,d ¶lPps lektoknh¸ Fks
thrs vkSj ,d oSf'od vkbdu cu x,] dk 29 fnlacj] ftUgksaus ¶xjhcksa vkSj gkf'k, ij ekStwn yksxksa ds vf/dkjksa
2022 dks lkvks ikmyks esa muds ?kj ij fu/u gks x;kA ds fy, yM+kbZ yM+h¸A
og 82 o"kZ ds Fks- iksi csusfMDV XVI
z isys] ftudk vlyh uke ,Mlu vjkarsl Mks uSflesaVks Fkk] dk
tUe Vªsl esa gqvk Fkk dksjkdks,l] czkthy] 1940 esaA mUgksaus
de mez esa iQqVckWy •syuk 'kq: fd;k vkSj tYn gh çflf¼
ik x,A mUgksaus 15 lky dh mez esa vius is'ksoj dfj;j
dh 'kq#vkr dh vkSj tYn gh nqfu;k ds lcls yksdfç;
f•ykfM+;ksa esa ls ,d cu x,A
z isys ,d 'kkunkj Ldksjj Fks vkSj vius vfo'oluh; fMªfCyax
dkS'ky ds fy, tkus tkrs FksA mUgksaus 1958] 1962 vkSj z iksi csusfMDV XVI jkseu dSFkksfyd ppZ ds iwoZ çeq• FksA
1970 esa czkthy dks fo'o di thrus esa enn dh vkSj og 2013 esa vius bLrhiQs ds ckn ls osfVdu flVh esa esVj
,slk djus okys og ,dek=k f•ykM+h cusA mUgsa 1999 esa ,Dysfl;k eB esa lsokfuo`fÙk esa jg jgs FksA
iQhiQk oYMZ Iys;j vkWiQ n lsapqjh Hkh ukfer fd;k x;k FkkA z ekdZVy ,e bu] teZuh esa tkslsiQ jfRtaxj ds :i esa gqvk
z isys us 1977 esa is'ksoj iQqVckWy ls laU;kl ys fy;kA og ,d FkkA mUgsa 1951 esa ,d iqtkjh fu;qÙkQ fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj
liQy O;olk;h vkSj vfHkusrk ds :i esa dke djus yxsA 1977 esa og dkfMZuy cu x,A mUgksaus 1981 ls 2005 rd

WALLAH
vkLFkk ds fl¼kar ds fy, e.Myh ds çhiQsDV ds :i esa vfHku; dfj;j dh 'kq#vkr dhA mUgksaus vius fiQYeh
dk;Z fd;k] tc mUgsa iksi pquk x;kA dfj;j dh 'kq#vkr 1987 esa fiQYe ¶feLVj bafM;k¸ ls
z csusfMDV dh iksi in dks ikjaifjd dSFkksfyd fl¼kar vkSj dh FkhA
ewY;ksa ij è;ku dsafær djds fpfÉr fd;k x;k FkkA mUgksaus z dkSf'kd us ¶jke y•u¸] ¶fnyokys nqYgfu;k ys tk,axs¸]
vU; bZlkbZ laçnk;ksa vkSj ;gwnh leqnk; ds lkFk laca/ lqèkkjus vkSj ¶dHkh gka dHkh uk¸ lfgr dbZ vU; fiQYeksa esa vfHku;
ds Hkh ç;kl fd,A 2013 esa] csusfMDV 600 ls vf/d o"kks± fd;kA mUgksaus ¶rsjs esjs lius¸ vkSj ¶pesyh¸ lfgr dbZ
esa bLrhiQk nsus okys igys iksi cusA mUgksaus vius iQSlys dh fiQYeksa dk funZs'ku Hkh fd;kA
otg fxjrs LokLF; dks crk;kA
'kkafr Hkw"k.k xkWMZu ewj
z 'kkafr Hkw"k.k Hkkjr ds lokZsPp U;k;ky; ds ofj"B odhy z xkWMZu ewj baVsy dkWikZsjs'ku ds lg&laLFkkid FksA ewj dk
Fks vkSj tufgr ;kfpdk esa vius dke ds fy, tkus tkrs tUe tuojh 1929 esa dSfyiQksfuZ;k ds isLdSMsjks esa gqvk
FksA Hkw"k.k dk tUe 1925 esa mÙkj çns'k ds >k¡lh esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus dSfyiQksfuZ;k fo'ofo|ky;] cdZys esa jlk;u
FkkA mUgksaus bykgkckn fo'ofo|ky; esa dkuwu dh i<+kbZ dh foKku dk vè;;u fd;k] vkSj fiQj 1954 esa dSfyiQksfuZ;k
vkSj 1950 esa viuk dkuwuh dfj;j 'kq: fd;kA og tYn baLVhVÔwV vkWiQ VsDuksykWth ls jklk;fud HkkSfrdh esa ih,pMh
gh ukxfjd Lora=krk vkSj ekuokf/dkjksa esa vius dke ds dh mikf/ çkIr dhA dSyVsd ls Lukrd gksus ds ckn] ewj
fy, tkus tkus yxsA 'kkWDys lsehdaMDVj ç;ksx'kkyk esa 'kkfey gks x,] tgka
z 1975 esa] Hkw"k.k us bafnjk xka/h ds f•ykiQ jkt ukjk;.k ds mUgksaus vU; vxznwrksa ds lkFk dke fd;kA lsehdaMDVj
ekeys esa cgl dh] ftlds dkj.k mudh pquko thr jí bysDVªkWfuDl dk {ks=k] ftlesa jkWcVZ ukW;l Hkh 'kkfey gSaA
dj nh xbZA og vkikrdky ds ckn lÙkk esa vkbZ turk 1968 esa] ewj vkSj ukW;l us baVsy dkWikZsjs'ku dh lg&LFkkiuk
ikVhZ ljdkj ds Hkh lnL; FksA Hkw"k.k us 1977 ls 1979 rd dh] tks tYn gh nqfu;k ds vxz.kh fpi fuekZrkvksa esa ls
dkuwu ea=kh ds :i esa dk;Z fd;kA mUgksaus lafo/ku esa 42osa ,d cu x;kA
la'kks/u dk elkSnk rS;kj djus esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ]
ftlus vkikrdky ds nkSjku fuyafcr fd, x, dbZ ekSfyd v#.k xka/h
vf/dkjksa dks cgky fd;kA z v#.k xka/h egkRek xka/h ds iksrs vkSj ,d lkekftd
z Hkw"k.k Hkkjr ds rhljs lcls cM+s ukxfjd iqjLdkj iÁ Hkw"k.k dk;ZdrkZ Fks ftUgksaus viuk thou 'kkafr vkSj vfgalk dks
vkSj lkoZtfud lsok ds fy, ,f'k;k ds lokZsPp iqjLdkj c<+kok nsus ds fy, lefiZr dj fn;kA xka/h dk tUe 1934
jseu eSXlsls iqjLdkj ds çkIrdrkZ FksA og vesfjdu dkWyst esa Mjcu] nf{k.k vÚhdk esa gqvk FkkA tc og 12 o"kZ ds
vkWiQ Vªk;y ykW;lZ vkSj baVjus'kuy ckj ,lksfl,'ku ds Fks] rc mUgsa Hkkjr esa vius nknk ds lkFk jgus ds fy, Hkstk
iQsyks Hkh FksA x;k FkkA mUgksaus vxys <kbZ lky xka/hth ds lkFk fcrk,
lrh'k dkSf'kd vkSj muds vfgalk vkSj 'kkafr ds n'kZu ds ckjs esa lh•kA
z 1948 esa vius nknk dh gR;k ds ckn] xka/h nf{k.k vÚhdk
ykSV vk, vkSj jaxHksn fojks/h vkanksyu esa 'kkfey gks x,A
mUgsa dbZ ckj fxjÝrkj fd;k x;k vkSj tsy esa le; fcrk;kA
1962 esa] xka/h la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk pys x,] tgka mUgksaus
,d lkekftd dk;ZdrkZ ds :i esa viuk dke tkjh j•kA
z mUgksaus jkspsLVj] U;w;kWdZ esa xka/h lsaVj iQkWj vfgald la?k"kZ
dh LFkkiuk dh vkSj dbZ o"kks± rd blds funs'kd ds :i esa
dk;Z fd;kA mUgksaus dbZ fdrkcsa Hkh fy•ha] ftuesa ¶n fxÝV
vkWiQ ,axj% ,aM vnj yslUl ÚkWe ekbZ xzSaMiQknj egkRek
z lrh'k dkSf'kd ,d vuqHkoh vfHkusrk] funZs'kd vkSj gkL; xkaèkh¸ vkSj ¶xka/h% ,u vkWVksck;ksxzkiQh iQkWj VqMs¸ 'kkfey gSaA
vfHkusrk FksA dkSf'kd dk tUe 1956 esa gfj;k.kk esa gqvk z xka/h dbZ iqjLdkjksa ds çkIrdrkZ Fks] ftuesa ekfVZu ywFkj fdax
FkkA mUgksaus 1980 ds n'kd dh 'kq#vkr esa fFk,Vj ls vius twfu;j vfgald 'kkafr iqjLdkj vkSj xka/h 'kkafr iqjLdkj
fu/u 141
'kkfey FksA mUgsa Vkbe if=kdk ds nqfu;k ds 100 lcls vkSj LoPNrk esa lq/kj ds fy, lefiZr gSA lqyHk us Hkkjr
çHkko'kkyh yksxksa esa ls ,d Hkh ukfer fd;k x;k FkkA vkSj vU; ns'kksa esa 100]000 ls vf/d lkoZtfud 'kkSpky;
cuk, gSaA blus dbZ uohu LoPNrk çkS|ksfxfd;ka Hkh fodflr
flYosLVj nk dqUgk
dh gSa] ftuesa lqyHk 'kkSpky;] ,d tqM+oka&xîôs okyk Ýy'k
z çfrf"Br vewy xyZ 'kqHkadj vkSj vVjyh cVjyh foKkiu 'kkSpky; 'kkfey gS tks LoPN vkSj fdiQk;rh nksuksa gSA
vfHk;ku ds ihNs ds O;fÙkQ flYosLVj nk dqUgk dk 20 twu]
2023 dks fu/u gks x;kA og ,d çfl¼ foKkiu is'ksoj z ikBd dbZ iqjLdkjksa ds çkIrdrkZ Fks] ftuesa iÁ Hkw"k.k] Hkkjr
vkSj fFk,Vj O;fÙkQRo FksA nk dqUgk dk tUe 1930 esa xksok dk rhljk lcls cM+k ukxfjd iqjLdkj vkSj jseu eSXlsls
esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus eqacbZ ds lj tsts Ldwy vkWiQ vkVZ esa iqjLdkj] nqfu;k esa lkekftd dk;ks± ds fy, lcls çfrf"Br
i<+kbZ dh vkSj 1950 ds n'kd dh 'kq#vkr esa ,d xzkfiQd iqjLdkjksa esa ls ,d 'kkfey gSA og ty çca/u ds fy,
fMtkbuj ds :i esa viuk dfj;j 'kq: fd;kA og tYn lokZsPp varjjk"Vªh; iqjLdkj] LVkWdgkse okVj iqjLdkj ds
gh foKkiu esa pys x, vkSj ,,lih vkSj fyaVkl lfgr dbZ çkIrdrkZ Hkh FksA
çeq• ,tsafl;ksa ds lkFk dke fd;kA
,evkj,l jko
z 1966 esa] nk dqUgk us xqtjkr lgdkjh nw/ foi.ku egkla?k
(thlh,e,e,iQ) ds fy, vewy xyZ 'kqHkadj cuk;kA vewy z eapugYyh jaxkLokeh lR;ukjk;.k jko] ftUgsa ,evkj,l jko
xyZ] 'kjkjrh eqLdku okyh ,d ;qok yM+dh] tYnh gh ,d ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gS] ,d ç[;kr Hkkjrh; oSKkfud
yksdfç; vkbdu cu xbZ vkSj vc Hkkjr esa lcls vf/d vkSj iÁ Jh iqjLdkj fotsrk FksA jko dk tUe 1948 esa
igpkus tkus okys foKkiu ik=kksa esa ls ,d gSA eSlwj] Hkkjr esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus cSaxyksj fo'ofo|ky; vkSj
z nk dqUgk us thlh,e,e,iQ ds fy, vVjyh cVjyh foKkiu Hkkjrh; foKku laLFkku ls vè;;u fd;kA mUgksaus la;qÙkQ
vfHk;ku Hkh cuk;kA etkfd;k vkSj fouksnh VSxykbu okys jkT; vesfjdk esa ck;yj dkWyst vkWiQ esfMflu ls ih,pMh
bl vfHk;ku us vewy cVj dks Hkkjr esa lcls yksdfç; çkIr dhA
czkaMksa esa ls ,d cukus esa enn dhA z jko ØkseSfVu thofoKku ds {ks=k esa ,d çfl¼ oSKkfud FksA
mUgksaus ØkseSfVu dh lajpuk vkSj dk;Z ds ckjs esa gekjh le>
fcans'oj ikBd esa egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku fn;k] tks Mh,u, vkSj çksVhu dk tfVy
gS tks Øksekslkse cukrs gSaA muds 'kks/ us thu vfHkO;fÙkQ]
Mh,u, ejEer vkSj dSalj lfgr fofHkUu tSfod çfØ;kvksa
ij çdk'k Mkyus esa enn dh gSA
z jko 2010 esa Hkkjr ds lokZsPp ukxfjd iqjLdkj iÁ Jh
lfgr dbZ iqjLdkjksa ds çkIrdrkZ FksA og Hkkjrh; foKku
vdkneh vkSj jk"Vªh; foKku vdkneh] Hkkjr ds iQsyks Hkh
FksA
z fcans'oj ikBd ,d çfl¼ lekt lq/kjd vkSj lqyHk oh,l v#.kkpye

baVjus'kuy ds laLFkkid FksA 15 vxLr] 2023 dks 80 o"kZ z oh,l v#.kkpye j{kk vuqla/ku vkSj fodkl laxBu
dh vk;q esa mudk fu/u gks x;kA ubZ fnYyh ds ,El esa (MhvkjMhvks) ds iwoZ vè;{k vkSj j{kk ea=kh ds oSKkfud
dkfMZ;d vjsLV ls mudh e`R;q gks xbZA lykgdkj FksA v#.kkpye dk tUe 1936 esa dsjy ds
z ikBd dk tUe fcgkj ds oS'kkyh ftys ds jkeiqj ck?ksy xk¡o iyDdM+ ftys esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh
esa ,d czkã.k ifjokj esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus 1964 esa cukjl laLFkku] eækl ls /krqdeZ bathfu;fjax esa fMxzh ds lkFk
fganw fo'ofo|ky; ls lekt'kkL=k esa Lukrd dh mikf/ çkIr Lukrd dh mikf/ çkIr dhA blds ckn og 1961 esa j{kk
dhA blds ckn mUgksaus fcgkj esa ,d f'k{kd vkSj lkekftd vuqla/ku vkSj fodkl laxBu (MhvkjMhvks) esa 'kkfey
dk;ZdrkZ ds :i esa dke fd;kA gks x,A
z 1970 esa] ikBd us lqyHk baVjus'kuy dh LFkkiuk dh] tks z v#.kkpye us MhvkjMhvks esa j{kk /krqdeZ vuqla/ku
,d xSj&ljdkjh laxBu (,uthvks) gS tks Hkkjr esa LoPNrk ç;ksx'kkyk (Mh,evkj,y) ds funs'kd vkSj oSekfudh

WALLAH
fodkl çfr"Bku (,MhbZ) ds egkfuns'kd lfgr dbZ inksa ds çfr çfrc¼rk ds fy, tkus tkrs FksA mUgksaus 2008 dh
ij dk;Z fd;kA mUgsa 1982 esa MhvkjMhvks dk vè;{k vkSj jktuhfrd fgalk ds ckn jkT; esa 'kkafr ykus esa Hkh egRoiw.kZ
1992 esa j{kk ea=kh dk oSKkfud lykgdkj fu;qÙkQ fd;k Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA mUgsa 2018 esa Hkkjr ds rhljs lcls cM+s
x;kA ukxfjd iqjLdkj iÁ Hkw"k.k ls lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA
z v#.kkpye us i`Foh felkby] f=k'kwy felkby vkSj ykbV MkW- eaxyk ukfyZdj
dkWEcSV ,;jØkÝV (,ylh,) lfgr dbZ egRoiw.kZ j{kk
z eaxyk ukfyZdj ,d Hkkjrh; xf.krK Fkha] ftUgksaus 'kq¼ xf.kr
çkS|ksfxfd;ksa ds fodkl esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA mUgksaus
esa 'kks/ ds lkFk&lkFk vke n'kZdksa ds fy, ys•u Hkh fd;kA
j{kk vuqla/ku ,oa fodkl fo'ofo|ky; (MhvkjMhvks
xf.kr esa viuh fMxzh ds ckn] mUgksaus 'kq#vkr esa eqacbZ esa
fo'ofo|ky;) dh LFkkiuk esa Hkh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA
VkVk baLVhVÔwV vkWiQ iQaMkesaVy fjlpZ (VhvkbZ,iQvkj) esa
z v#.kkpye iÁ Hkw"k.k] iÁ foHkw"k.k vkSj 'kkafr Lo:i
dke fd;k vkSj ckn esa ckWEcs vkSj iq.ks fo'ofo|ky; esa
HkVukxj iqjLdkj lfgr dbZ iqjLdkjksa ds çkIrdrkZ FksA og
O;k[;krk ds :i esa dke fd;kA mUgksaus ckWEcs fo'ofo|ky;
bafM;u us'kuy ,dsMeh vkWiQ bathfu;fjax ds iQsyks Hkh FksA
ls i<+kbZ dh vkSj 1962 esa ch, (xf.kr) vkSj 1964 esa
fodkl flUgk ,e, (xf.kr) dh fMxzh çFke jSad ds lkFk çkIr dh vkSj
pkalyj dk Lo.kZ ind Hkh thrkA
z fodkl flUgk ,d çfl¼ ijek.kq HkkSfrd foKkuh vkSj HkkHkk
ijek.kq vuqla/ku dsaæ (ch,vkjlh) ds iwoZ funs'kd FksA lqykspuk ykVdj
z flUgk dk tUe 1936 esa dksydkrk esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus z lqykspuk ykVdj ,d çfl¼ ejkBh vkSj fganh vfHkus=kh FkhaA
dydÙkk fo'ofo|ky; vkSj Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku] ykVdj dk tUe 1928 esa dukZVd ds •M+dykV esa gqvk
ckWEcs esa HkkSfrdh dk vè;;u fd;kA blds ckn mUgksaus FkkA mUgksaus 1946 esa ejkBh fiQYe ¶llqjokl¸ ls vfHku;
dSfEczt fo'ofo|ky; ls ijek.kq HkkSfrdh esa ih,pMh dhA dh 'kq#vkr dhA mUgksaus 50 ls vf/d ejkBh fiQYeksa vkSj
flUgk 1963 esa Hkkjr ykSV vk, vkSj BARC esa 'kkfey gks yxHkx 250 fganh fiQYeksa esa vfHku; fd;kA ykVdj ejkBh
x,A og rsth ls vkxs c<+s vkSj 1984 esa BARC ds funs'kd vkSj fganh flusek nksuksa esa ,d yksdfç; vfHkus=kh FkhaA og
cusA mUgksaus vkB o"kks± rd BARC ds funs'kd ds :i esa 1950 vkSj 1960 ds n'kd esa lcls vf/d ekax okyh
dk;Z fd;k] bl nkSjku mUgksaus Hkkjr ds ijek.kq ÅtkZ dk;ZØe vfHkusf=k;ksa esa ls ,d FkhaA mUgksaus ¶vk'kk¸] ¶fny nsds
ds fodkl esa egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku fn;kA ns•ks¸ vkSj ¶etcwj¸ lfgr dbZ fgV fiQYeksa esa vfHku;
z flUgk ijek.kq ÅtkZ ds 'kkafriw.kZ mi;ksx ds Hkh çcy leFkZd fd;kA
FksA og 1992 ls 1996 rd ijek.kq ÅtkZ vk;ksx ds vè;{k z ykVdj ,d liQy eap vfHkus=kh Hkh FkhaA mUgksaus ¶laxhr
jgsA mUgksaus 1996 ls 2000 rd foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh ij vkxs thou¸ vkSj ¶,d gksrk foèoald¸ lfgr dbZ ukVdksa
jk"Vªh; lykgdkj ifj"kn ds vè;{k ds :i esa Hkh dk;Z esa vfHku; fd;kA
fd;kA z ykVdj dbZ iqjLdkjksa ds çkIrdrkZ Fks] ftuesa iÁ Jh] laxhr
z flUgk iÁ Hkw"k.k] iÁ foHkw"k.k vkSj gkseh HkkHkk iqjLdkj ukVd vdkneh iqjLdkj vkSj loZJs"B vfHkus=kh ds fy,
lfgr dbZ iqjLdkjksa ds çkIrdrkZ FksA og yanu dh jkW;y egkjk"Vª jkT; iqjLdkj 'kkfey FksA og us'kuy Ldwy vkWiQ
lkslkbVh ds iQsyks Hkh FksA Mªkek dh iQsyks Hkh FkhaA
vkseu pkaMh ,lih fganqtk
z vkseu pkaMh dsjy ds iwoZ eq[;ea=kh vkSj fnXxt dkaxzsl usrk z ,lih fganqtk dk tUe 1927 esa iksjcanj] xqtjkr] Hkkjr
FksA mudk tUe 1943 esa dsjy ds iqFkqiYyh esa gqvk FkkA esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus 1950 ds n'kd esa viuk O;kolkf;d
mUgksaus viuk jktuhfrd thou dsjy Nk=k la?k (ds,l;w) dfj;j 'kq: fd;k vkSj ,d fo'kky O;kikfjd lkezkT;
ls 'kq: fd;k vkSj ckn esa dkaxzsl ikVhZ esa 'kkfey gks x,A cuk;k] tks cSafdax] foÙk] ÅtkZ vkSj LokLF; lsok lfgr dbZ
og 1970 esa dsjy fo/kulHkk ds fy, pqus x, vkSj dbZ m|ksxksa rd iQSyk gqvk FkkA
ljdkjksa esa ea=kh ds :i esa dk;Z fd;kA z fganqtk Hkkjr ds lcls cM+s lewgksa esa ls ,d fganqtk lewg
z pkaMh 2004 esa dsjy ds eq[;ea=kh cus vkSj nks dk;Zdky ds vè;{k FksA lewg ds 60 ls vf/d ns'kksa esa fgr gSa vkSj
rd lsok dhA og viuh LoPN Nfo vkSj lkekftd U;k; ;g 200]000 ls vf/d yksxksa dks jkstxkj nsrk gSA
fu/u 143
z fganqtk ,d ijksidkjh O;fÙkQ Fks vkSj /ekZFkZ dk;ks± ds fy, z VksjaVks lu ds vuqlkj] 1987 esa dukMk tkus ls igys djkph]
mnkjrkiwoZd nku nsrs FksA og dyk ds laj{kd Hkh Fks vkSj ikfdLrku esa tUes] iQrg ,d iqjLdkj fotsrk fjiksVZj]
mUgksaus Hkkjr vkSj ;wukbVsM fdaxMe esa dbZ lkaLÑfrd LraHkdkj vkSj jsfM;ks vkSj Vsyhfotu desaVsVj FksA
laLFkkuksa dk leFkZu fd;kA z iQrg ,d jktuhfrd dk;ZdrkZ] ekuokf/dkjksa ds dêðj
z fganqtk dks 2006 esa Hkkjr ds rhljs lcls cM+s ukxfjd j{kd vkSj fdlh Hkh :i esa /kfeZd dêðjrk ds dêðj fojks/h
iqjLdkj] iÁ Hkw"k.k ls lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA og ukbV Fks] rkjsd iQrg dks fdlh ckr ls Mj ugha yxrk FkkA
dekaMj vkWiQ n vkWMZj vkWiQ n fczfV'k ,Eik;j (KBE) z mUgksaus n T;w bt ukWV ekbZ ,fueh% vuohfyax n feFl nSV
Hkh FksA Ý;wy eqfLye ,aVh&lsfefVTe vkSj psftax , fejkt% n VªSftd
MkW-,u-&xksikyÑ".ku bY;wtu vkWiQ ,u bLykfed LVsV uked iqLrdsa fy•haA
z MkW- ,u- xksikyÑ".ku ,d çfl¼ oSKkfud vkSj vkè;kfRed ft;kax tsfeu
f'k{kd FksA og oSKkfud vkSj vkS|ksfxd vuqla/ku ifj"kn
(CSIR) ds iwoZ oSKkfud vkSj Hkkjrh; oSKkfud fojklr
laLFkku (IISH) ds laLFkkid FksA xksikyÑ".ku dk tUe 1955
esa dksfPp] dsjy esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus dsjy fo'ofo|ky;
vkSj Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkku] eækl esa jlk;u foKku vkSj
tSo jlk;u dk vè;;u fd;kA blds ckn mUgksaus dukMk
ds vYcVkZ fo'ofo|ky; ls tSo jlk;u foKku esa ih,pMh
dh mikf/ çkIr dhA
z viuh ih,pMh iwjh djus ds ckn] xksikyÑ".ku Hkkjr
ykSV vk, vkSj ,d oSKkfud ds :i esa lh,lvkbZvkj esa z ft;kax tsfeu phu ds iwoZ jk"Vªifr FksA ft;kax dk tUe
'kkfey gks x,A mUgksaus 25 o"kks± rd lh,lvkbZvkj esa dke 1926 esa ;aXtgkS] ft;kaXlw çkar esa gqvk FkkA og 1946 esa
fd;k] tgka mUgksaus ikS/ksa ds vk.kfod tho foKku ij 'kks/ phuh dE;qfuLV ikVhZ esa 'kkfey gq, vkSj ikVhZ ds jSadksa esa
fd;kA mUgksaus iq.ks esa lh,lvkbZvkj dh jk"Vªh; jklk;fud vkxs c<+sA mUgksaus 1985 ls 1989 rd 'ka?kkbZ ds es;j vkSj
ç;ksx'kkyk ds funs'kd ds :i esa Hkh dk;Z fd;kA
fiQj 1989 ls 2002 rd dE;qfuLV ikVhZ ds egklfpo
z 1999 esa] xksikyÑ".ku us Hkkjrh; oSKkfud fojklr laLFkku ds :i esa dk;Z fd;kA og 1993 ls 2003 rd phu ds
(IISH) dh LFkkiuk dhA IISH ,d xSj&ykHkdkjh laxBu
jk"Vªifr jgsA
gS tks foKku vkSj vkè;kfRedrk ds vè;;u dks c<+kok nsrk
z ft;kax 1989 esa fr;kuesu LDok;j fojks/ çn'kZu esa ,d
gSA xksikyÑ".ku us viuh e`R;q rd IISH ds funs'kd ds
çeq• O;fÙkQ FksA mUgsa ,d :f<+oknh ds :i esa ns•k x;k
:i esa dk;Z fd;kA
Fkk ftUgksaus fojks/ dks nckus ds fy, cy ds mi;ksx dk
z mUgksaus foKku vkSj vkè;kfRedrk ij dbZ fdrkcsa fy•ha]
leFkZu fd;k FkkA gkyk¡fd] mUgksaus phu esa vkfFkZd lq/kj
ftuesa ¶;ksx foKku¸ vkSj ¶21oha lnh ds fy, Hkxon
vkSj •qysiu ds nkSj dk Hkh fujh{k.k fd;kA
xhrk¸ 'kkfey gSaA mUgksaus nqfu;k Hkj esa foKku vkSj vè;kRe
ij O;k[;ku vkSj dk;Z'kkyk,¡ Hkh nhaA t;arh iVuk;d
rkjsd iQrg z t;arh iVuk;d jk"Vªh; efgyk vk;ksx dh igyh vè;{k FkhaA
z iVuk;d dk tUe 7 vçSy] 1932 dks iqjh] vksfM'kk esa gqvk
FkkA mudk fookg tkudh cYyHk iVuk;d ls gqvk] tks ckn
esa 1980 ls 1989 rd vksfM'kk ds eq[;ea=kh jgsA iVuk;d
us 1970 ds n'kd esa jktuhfr esa ços'k fd;k vkSj 1980 esa
Hkkjr dh laln ds fupys lnu yksdlHkk ds fy, pqus x,A
z mUgksaus 1980 ls 1989 rd rhu ckj laln lnL; ds :i esa
dk;Z fd;kA 1992 esa] iVuk;d dks jk"Vªh; efgyk vk;ksx
dk igyk vè;{k fu;qÙkQ fd;k x;kA mUgksaus bl in ij

WALLAH
rhu lky rd dke fd;k] bl nkSjku mUgksaus efgykvksa ds z iÁ Jh iqjLdkj fotsrk jkepUæ eka>h ^ykSaMk ukp* ds çfl¼
vf/dkjksa dks c<+kok nsus vkSj efgykvksa ds f•ykiQ fgalk dykdkj Fks] tks ûkp* dk ,d milewg gS] ftlesa iq#"k
vkSj dk;ZLFky esa efgykvksa ds f•ykiQ HksnHkko tSls eqíksa efgykvksa ds :i esa diM+s igurs gSaA cq<+kis esa Hkh u`R; 'kSyh
dks lacksf/r djus ds fy, dke fd;kA ds çfr muds tquwu us mUgsa laxhr ukVd vdkneh iqjLdkj
z iVuk;d ,d lkekftd dk;ZdrkZ Hkh Fks vkSj dbZ /ekZFkZ (2017) vkSj iÁ Jh (2021) lfgr dbZ lEeku fnyk, gSaA
laxBuksa ls tqM+s FksA og t;arh iVuk;d iQkmaMs'ku dh 1925 esa fcgkj ds lkj.k ftys esa tUes eka>h egku fHk•kjh
laLFkkid Fkha] tks vksfM'kk esa efgykvksa vkSj cPpksa ds thou Bkdqj ds vafre oa'kt FksA yksd u`R; dk ûkp* :iA og
dks csgrj cukus ds fy, dke djrh gSA Hkkstiqjh Hkk"kk ds 'ksDlfi;j dgs tkus okys fHk•kjh Bkdqj
z iVuk;d dbZ iqjLdkjksa ds çkIrdrkZ Fks] ftuesa Hkkjr dk dh ewy eaMyh ds lnL;ksa esa ls ,d FksA eka>h orZeku esa
rhljk lcls cM+k ukxfjd iqjLdkj iÁ Hkw"k.k Hkh 'kkfey FkkA lkj.k fLFkr fHk•kjh Bkdqj fjiVZjh Vªsfuax ,aM fjlpZ lsaVj ls
mUgsa Hkkjr esa efgykvksa ds fy, lokZsPp ukxfjd iqjLdkj tqM+s Fks] tks ,d fiQYe fuekZrk vkSj ,d çfl¼ dykdkj
ukjh 'kfÙkQ iqjLdkj ls Hkh lEekfur fd;k x;kA tSusaæ nksLr }kjk lapkfyr ,d eaMyh gSA
z eka>h dk tUe 1925 esa fcgkj ds lkj.k ftys ds rktiqj
jke pUæ eka>h esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus 10 lky dh mez esa ,d urZd ds :i
esa viuk dfj;j 'kq: fd;k vkSj çfl¼ Hkkstiqjh ukVddkj
vkSj dfo fHk•kjh Bkdqj dh ukVd Vhe esa 'kkfey gks x,A
og eaMyh ds lcls iqjkus lnL;ksa esa ls ,d Fks vkSj 1971
esa mudh e`R;q rd Bkdqj ds lkFk dke fd;kA
z mUgksaus >wej vkSj NB tSls vU; yksd u`R; :iksa esa Hkh
çn'kZu fd;kA eka>h ds dke us Hkkstiqjh yksd u`R; ijaijk
dks lajf{kr vkSj yksdfç; cukus esa enn dhA mUgksaus iwjs
Hkkjr vkSj fons'kksa esa çn'kZu fd;k vkSj muds çn'kZu dh
vkykspdksa vkSj n'kZdksa us leku :i ls ç'kalk dhA mUgsa
2017 esa laxhr ukVd vdkneh iqjLdkj vkSj 2021 esa iÁ
Jh ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA

fu/u 145
22 •sy
LVho fLeFk dkykZsl vydjkt us foacyMu thrk

z vkWLVªsfy;kbZ cYysckt LVho fLeFk us ykWM~lZ esa baXySaM ds z Lisu ds 20 o"khZ; dkykZsl vydjkt us xr pSafi;u uksokd
f•ykiQ nwljs VsLV ds igys fnu •sy ds lcls yacs çk:i tksdksfop ds f•ykiQ foacyMu thrkA
esa 9000 ju cuk,A z 1985 esa 17 o"khZ; cksfjl csdj vkSj 1976 esa 20 o"khZ;
z og dqekj laxdkjk ds ckn bl vkadM+s dks ikj djus okys C;ksuZ cksxZ ds ckn vydjkt vksiu ;qx esa foacyMu f•rkc
nwljs lcls rst cYysckt cu x,] ftUgksaus dsoy 172 thrus okys rhljs lcls de mez ds O;fÙkQ gSaA
ikfj;ksa esa ,slk fd;k FkkA fLeFk us 174 ikfj;ksa esa ;g
miyfC/ gkfly dh gS- lkfRodlkbZjkt jadhjsîóh
eSjh dkWe z lkfRodlkbZjkt us cSMfeaVu esa fdlh iq#"k f•ykM+h }kjk
z efgyk eqDdsckth esa Hkkjr dh igyh vksyafid ind fotsrk lcls rst fgV yxkus dk fxuht oYMZ fjdkWMZ cuk;kA
eSjh dkWe dks 29 twu] 2023 dks yanu ds nf{k.k foaMlj esa z lkfRod&fpjkx us chMCY;w,iQ lqij 500 dksfj;k vksiu esa
5osa ;wds&bafM;k vokM~lZ 2023 esa Xykscy bafM;u vkbdu iq#"k ;qxy ds 'kq#vkrh nkSj dk eSp thrk vkSj mlh eSp ds
vkWiQ n bZ;j iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA nkSjku lkfRod us ;g fjdkWMZ vius uke fd;kA
z lkfRodlkbZjkt us 565 fdeh@?kaVk dh lcls rst jÝrkj dk
pekjh vVkiêðw
fo'o fjdkWMZ cukdj bfrgkl jp fn;kA
z Jhyadk efgyk fØdsV Vhe dh dIrku pekjh vVkiêðw
vkbZlhlh ouMs jSafdax esa 'kh"kZ LFkku ij igqapus okyh igyh xzSaM ekLVj çKkukuan
JhyadkbZ efgyk fØdsVj cu xbZ gSaA z 17 o"khZ; Hkkjrh; th,e çKkukuan us gaxjh esa lqij th,e
z mUgksaus U;wthySaM ds f•ykiQ gky gh esa lekIr gqbZ ouMs 'krjat VwukZesaV esa 10&f•ykfM+;ksa dh Li/kZ esa 6-5 vad
lhjht esa fjdkWMZ rksM+ çn'kZu ds ckn ;g miyfC/ gkfly cukdj igyk LFkku gkfly fd;kA
dhA z ukS jkmaM ds •sy ds ckn] og ,e- vehu rcrkcsbZ (bZjku)
vkbZlhlh Iys;j vkWiQ n eaFk vkSj :l ds lkuku lqfxjkso ls ,d vad vkxs FksA
z ICC us gky gh esa twu eghus ds fy, Iys;j vkWiQ n eaFk
z vafre nkSj esa] mUgksaus iksfy'k th,e jkMksLyko oksTVktsd ds
dh ?kks"k.kk dh gSA f•ykiQ liQsn eksgjksa ls MªkW •sykA
z okfuanq gljaxk vkSj ,'kys xkMZu dks twu 2023 ds fy, fojkV dksgyh
vkbZlhlh Iys;j vkWiQ n eaFk ukfer fd;k x;k gSA z fojkV dksgyh 500 varjjk"Vªh; eSp •syus okys 10osa fØdsVj
ekdZsVk oksaMªkslksok vkSj pkSFks Hkkjrh; fØdsVj cu x, gSaA
z psd f•ykM+h ekdZsVk oksaækslksok vksiu ;qx esa foacyMu z lkFk gh 87* ju dh ikjh ds lkFk og vius 500osa xse esa
thrus okyh igyh xSjojh;rk çkIr efgyk cuhaA v/Z'krd cukus okys igys f•ykM+h Hkh cusA
z oksaækslksok us iQkbuy esa VÔwuhf'k;k dh vksUl tkcsmj dks z 500 eSp •syus okys vU; Hkkjrh; f•ykM+h%
6&4] 6&4 ls gjk;kA lfpu rsanqydj & 664 eSp
z og xzSaM LySe VwukZesaV ds bfrgkl esa ukSoha xSj ojh;rk çkIr ,e,l /ksuh & 538 eSp
pSafi;u gSaA jkgqy æfoM+ & 509 eSp

vkfnR; lkear% 83osa xzSaMekLVj z pkYlZ ysDyj osjLVSisu ls 5-2 lsdaM ihNs fiQfu'k ykbu
z chy varjkZ"Vªh; 'krjat egksRlo esa ekLVlZ VwukZesaV (,eVhvks) dks ikj djrs gq, nwljs LFkku ij jgsA
esa viuk rhljk th,e ukWeZ vftZr djus ds ckn vkfnR; rehe bdcky
lkear Hkkjr ds 83osa xzSaMekLVj cu x,A z ckaXykns'k ds ouMs dIrku rehe bdcky us 34 lky dh mez
z egkjk"Vª ds vkfnR; us fiNys lky vxLr esa vcw /kch esa 16 lky ds varjjk"Vªh; dfj;j ls laU;kl dh ?kks"k.kk dhA
ekLVlZ esa xzSaMekLVj cuus ds fy, viuk igyk ukWeZ vftZr z rehe us Hkkjr esa Vhe ds 50 vksoj ds fo'o di vfHk;ku
fd;kA dh 'kq#vkr ls rhu eghus igys varjjk"Vªh; fØdsV ls
gjeuçhr dkSj vpkud laU;kl dh ?kks"k.kk dhA
z Hkkjrh; efgyk fØdsV Vhe dh dIrku gjeuçhr dkSj dks va'kqeu f>axju
<kdk esa ckaXykns'k ds f•ykiQ vkbZlhlh efgyk pSfEi;uf'ki z uoh eqacbZ ds va'kqeku f>axju us 17 tqykbZ dks ukWFkZ pSuy
Jà•yk ds rhljs eSp ds nkSjku ,d ?kVuk ds ckn vkbZlhlh ikj fd;kA
vkpkj lafgrk ds vuqPNsn 2-8 ds mYya?ku dk nks"kh ik;k z egt 18 lky vkSj 125 fnu dh mez esa ;g miyfC/
x;kA gkfly dj va'kqeu ,slk djus okys nqfu;k ds lcls de
z dkSj ij mudh eSp iQhl dk 50 çfr'kr tqekZuk yxk;k mez ds O;fÙkQ cu x, gSaA
x;k vkSj ysoy 2 ds vijk/ ds fy, muds vuq'kklukRed z mÙkjh pSuy mÙkjh vk;jySaM ds mÙkjiwohZ rV vkSj LdkWVySaM
fjdkWMZ esa rhu fMesfjV vad tksM+s x,] ftlds ifj.kkeLo:i ds nf{k.kif'peh rV ds chp fLFkr gSA
nks fuyacu vad feys] ftlls og Vhe ds fy, ,d VsLV
eSp ;k nks ouMs ;k nks Vh20bZ ls ckgj gks xbZa (buesa ls ykfg# fFkfjekus
tks Hkh igys gks)A z JhyadkbZ fØdsVj ykfg: fFkfjekus us 23 tqykbZ dks
varjjk"Vªh; fØdsV ds lHkh çk:iksa ls laU;kl dh ?kks"k.kk
uhjt pksiM+k dhA
z vksyafid Lo.kZ ind fotsrk uhjt pksiM+k us ykWtsu Mk;eaM z fFkfjekus us vkf•jh ckj varjjk"Vªh; fØdsV ekpZ 2022 esa
yhx 2023 esa 'kh"kZ LFkku gkfly fd;kA •syk FkkA
z uhjt us 87-66 ehVj ds loZJs"B Fkzks ds lkFk ;g miyfC/
gkfly dhA
dksfj;k vksiu
z Hkkjr ds lkfRodlkbZjkt jadhjsîóh vkSj fpjkx 'ksêðh us dksfj;k
y{; lsu vksiu ds iQkbuy esa iq#"k ;qxy dk f•rkc thrdj viuk
z Hkkjr ds LVkj cSMfeaVu f•ykM+h y{; lsu us dukMk vksiu liuk tkjh j•kA
iq#"k ,dy dk f•rkc thr fy;k gSA z ;g f•rkc lky dk pkSFkk f•rkc gS-
z y{; us iQkbuy esa ikapoha ojh;rk çkIr phu ds yh 'kh z nqfu;k ds rhljs uacj ds Hkkjrh; us lqij 500 cSMfeaVu
iQsax dks 21&18] 22&20 ls gjkdj viuk nwljk chMCY;w,iQ VwukZesaV ds jksekapd f'k•j eqdkcys esa nks ckj ds fo'o
fo'o Vwj f•rkc thrkA pSafi;uf'ki ds dkaL; ind fotsrk vfYiQ;ku vkSj vfnZ;karks
fczfV'k xzkaM fçDl ij 17&21] 21&13] 21&14 ls thr ntZ dhA
z jsM cqy ds eSDl osjLVSisu us fczfV'k xzkaM fçDl thrk 'kqHkadj 'kekZ
z eSDl osjLVSisu us yxkrkj NBh thr gkfly dh z Hkkjr ds 'kqHkadj 'kekZ us xksYiQ ds lcls iqjkus estj] n
z jsM cqy us yxkrkj 11oha thr gkfly dh vksiu pSafi;uf'ki esa fdlh Hkkjrh; }kjk vc rd dk
loZJs"B ifj.kke gkfly fd;kA
vkWfLVª;u xzkaM fçDl 2023
z 'kqHkadj bl Li/kZ esa la;qÙkQ vkBosa LFkku ij jgsA
z ekStwnk iQkWeZwyk ou pSafi;u eSDl osjLVSisu us vkWfLVª;kbZ xzkaM
fçDl 2023 esa 'kkunkj thr gkfly dhA ;qdh Hkkacjh
z bl thr us yxkrkj rhljs fo'o f•rkc ds fy, mudh •kst z Hkkjrh; Vsful f•ykM+h ;qdh Hkkacjh us ,Vhih oYMZ Vwj ij
dks etcwr fd;kA viuk igyk f•rkc thrkA
•sy 147
z nf{k.k vÚhdh ykW;M gSfjl ds lkFk lk>snkjh djrs gq,] iSjk ,FkysfVDl pSafi;uf'ki] isfjl
Hkkacjh us eyksdkZ pSafi;uf'ki esa ;qxy VªkWiQh ij dCtk dj
z vthr flag us isfjl esa vk;ksftr iSjk ,FkysfVDl pSafi;uf'ki
fy;kA
esa iq#"kksa dh Hkkyk iQsad F46 iQkbuy esa Lo.kZ ind thrk gSA
z baMks&lkmFk vÚhdh tksM+h us xzkl dksVZ ij jksekapd iQkbuy
z 65-41 vkSj 61-89 ehVj ds Fkzks ds lkFk pSafi;uf'ki fjdkWMZ
esa jkWfcu gLls vkSj fiQfyi vkslokYM dh Mp&vkWfLVª;kbZ
tksM+h dks gjk;kA rksM+ fn;k] tks igys phu ds pqufy;kax xqvks ds ikl FkkA
z Hkkjr ds gh fjadw us 65-38 ds loZJs"B Fkzks ds lkFk jtr
çoh.k dqekj ind thrkA
z çoh.k dqekj us iq#"kksa dh Åaph dwn Li/kZ esa dkaL; ds
z Jhyadk ds fnus'k fç;ark gsjkFk fjadw ds lkFk la;qÙkQ :i ls
lkFk fo'o iSjk ,FkysfVDl pSafi;uf'ki 2023 esa Hkkjr dk
igyk ind thrkA nwljs LFkku ij jgsA
z bl ind ds lkFk çoh.k us 2024 isfjl iSjkfyafid ds fy, iQhiQk jSafdax
dksVk iDdk dj fy;k gSA
z iQhiQk }kjk iq#"kksa dh uohure fo'o jSafdax tkjh dh xbZ gSA
,f'k;u dcîóh pSafi;uf'ki 2023 z blesa Hkkjr dks 99osa LFkku ij j•k x;k gS] tks varjjk"Vªh;
z dksfj;k x.kjkT; ds cqlku esa Mksax&bZbZ baLVhVÔwV vkWiQ iQqVckWy esa Hkkjr dh çxfr dks n'kkZrk gSA
VsDuksykWth lsvksdMkax lkaLÑfrd dsaæ esa bZjku dks 42&32 z Hkkjrh; Vhe us gky gh esa baVjdkWfUVusaVy di vkSj SAFF
ls gjkdj ,f'k;kbZ dcîóh pSafi;uf'ki 2023 ds iQkbuy pSfEi;uf'ki nksuksa thrdj mYys•uh; thr gkfly dhA
esa txg cukbZA
z jSafdax esa vtZsaVhuk 'kh"kZ ij gS] mlds ckn Úkal vkSj czkthy
z ukS laLdj.kksa esa ;g Hkkjr dk vkBoka f•rkc FkkA
Øe'k% nwljs vkSj rhljs LFkku ij gSaA
40oha jk"Vªh; twfu;j rkbDokaMks pSfEi;uf'ki
Hkkjr dh igyh vkWuykbu xsfeax vdkneh
z 40oha jk"Vªh; twfu;j rkbDokaMks pSafi;uf'ki dk vk;kstu
rkbDokaMks iQsMjs'ku vkWiQ bafM;k }kjk dukZVd ds f'keksxk z eè; çns'k •sy foHkkx vxLr esa Hkkjr dh igyh ^vkWuykbu
esa fd;k x;k FkkA xsfeax vdkneh* ykWUp dj jgk gSA
z csxqljk; ftys dh f•ykM+h lqeu dqekjh us çfr;ksfxrk esa z •sy foHkkx ,eih vksiu LVsV twfu;j bZLiksV~lZ pSafi;uf'ki
jtr ind thrdj fcgkj dks xkSjokfUor fd;k gS- ds tfj, ubZ vdkneh ds fy, 'kh"kZ f•ykfM+;ksa dh igpku
z lkFk gh tEew&d'ehj twfu;j rkbDokaMks Vhe us nks dkaL; djsxkA
ind thrdj fjdkWMZ cuk;kA
phu us rhu Hkkjrh; f•ykfM+;ksa dks LVsiy ohtk fn;k
fo'o rhjankth ;qok pSafi;uf'ki] 2023 z gky gh esa phu us rhu Hkkjrh; oq'kq f•ykfM+;ksa dks LVsiy
z Hkkjr gky gh esa vk;jySaM ds fyefjd esa laiUu f}okf"kZd ohtk tkjh fd;k Fkk] ftlls nksuksa iM+kslh ns'kksa ds chp
çfr;ksfxrk] 2023 fo'o rhjankth ;qok pSafi;uf'ki esa Ng fookn vkSj dwVuhfrd ruko iSnk gks x;k gS-
Lo.kZ] ,d jtr vkSj pkj dkaL; lfgr 11 indksa ds lkFk
z ;s rhuksa f•ykM+h v#.kkpy çns'k ds jgus okys gSa-
nwljs LFkku ij jgkA
z Hkkjrh; rhjankt ikFkZ lkyqa•s us fjdoZ Li/kZ esa ;wFk oYMZ z LVsiy ohtk esa] ikliksVZ ij lh/s eqgj yxkus ds ctk;]
pSafi;uf'ki thrus okys igys Hkkjrh; iq#"k rhjankt cudj vkxarqd ds vkxeu vkSj çLFkku fooj.k ds lkFk dkxt dk
bfrgkl jp fn;kA ,d vyx VqdM+k ohtk ls tqM+k gksrk gSA
,f'k;kbZ gkWdh pSafi;uf'ki VªkWiQh Mªhe11% Hkkjrh; fØdsV Vhe dk çk;kstd

z 12 ls 19 tqykbZ rd psUubZ esa gksus okyh ,f'k;u gkWdh z Hkkjrh; fØdsV daVªksy cksMZ (chlhlhvkbZ) us Hkkjrh; Vhe
pSafi;uf'ki VªkWiQh dk vukoj.k dyk laLÑfr ,oa ;qok ds u, çk;kstd ds :i esa DREAM11 ij gLrk{kj fd, gSaA
foHkkx ds ea=kh thrsaæ dqekj jk; us ikVfyiq=k •sy ifjlj z chlhlhvkbZ us Hkkjr ds lcls cM+s iQSaVslh LiksV~lZ xsfeax
esa fd;kA IysViQkWeZ Mªhe11 dks rhu lky dh vof/ ds fy, Vhe
z bl VªkWiQh dks fcgkj ds lat; oekZ us fMtkbu fd;k gS bafM;k dk eq[; çk;kstd ?kksf"kr fd;k gSA

WALLAH
z osLVbaMht ds f•ykiQ VsLV lhjht ls Vhe bafM;k dh tlhZ z rkfgj dh 71 xsan esa 108 ju dh ikjh dh enn ls ikfdLrku
ij Mªhe11 utj vk,xhA us vkB fodsV ij 352 ju dk fo'kky Ldksj cuk;kA
osLV baMht% fo'o di ds fy, DokyhiQkbZ djus esa z Hkkjr 40 vksoj esa 224 ju ij vkWyvkmV gks xbZ-
vliQy ,f'k;u dcMMh pSfEi;uf'ki
z nks ckj dh fo'o pSafi;u osLVbaMht 1 tqykbZ dks lqij z Hkkjr us nf{k.k dksfj;k ds cqlku esa vk;ksftr iQkbuy
flDl pj.k esa LdkWVySaM ls gkjus ds ckn vius fØdsV eSp esa bZjku dks gjkdj vkBoha ckj 2023 ,f'k;kbZ dcîóh
bfrgkl esa igyh ckj fØdsV fo'o di ds fy, DokyhiQkbZ pSafi;uf'ki dk f•rkc thrkA
djus esa vliQy jghA
ykWtsu Mk;eaM yhx dk •frkc
z 1975 esa mn~?kkVu laLdj.k ds ckn ls osLVbaMht us gj ,d
z uhjt pksiM+k us 87-66 ehVj ds loZJs"B Fkzks ds lkFk 2023
fnolh; varjkZ"Vªh; fo'o di esa •syk gSA
ykWtsu Mk;eaM yhx dk f•rkc thrk gSA
z eSp esa LdkWVySaM us osLVbaMht dks lkr fodsV ls gjk;kA
,f'k;kbZ LDoS'k fefJr ;qxy pSafi;uf'ki
;qok efgyk jk"Vªh; eqDdsckth pSfEi;uf'ki
z Hkkjr us gkaXtks esa 2023 ,f'k;kbZ LDoS'k fefJr ;qxy
z Hkksiky esa vk;ksftr NBh ;qok efgyk jk"Vªh; eqDdsckth pSfEi;uf'ki thr yh gSA
pSfEi;uf'ki esa gfj;k.kk us yxkrkj nwljh ckj ;qok efgyk
z Hkkjr ds LDoS'k f•ykM+h] nhfidk iYyhdy dkfrZd vkSj
jk"Vªh; eqDdsckth pSfEi;uf'ki dk f•rkc thrkA
gfjanjiky flag la/w us gqvkax>w esa ,f'k;kbZ LDoS'k fefJr
z gfj;k.kk us vafre fnu 'kkunkj çn'kZu fd;k vkSj mlds lHkh ;qxy pSafi;uf'ki esa Lo.kZ ind thrdj viuh mRÑ"Vrk
8 iQkbufyLVksa us Lo.kZ ind thrsA dk çn'kZu fd;kA
z gfj;k.kk 8 Lo.kZ vkSj 1 dkaL; ind ds lkFk rkfydk esa
'kh"kZ ij jgkA fo'o rhjankth ;qok pSafi;uf'ki
z Hkkjr us vk;jySaM ds fyefjd esa 2023 fo'o rhjankth ;qok
25oha ,f'k;kbZ ,FkysfVDl pSafi;uf'ki 2023
pSafi;uf'ki dk iQkbuy thr fy;k gSA
z Hkkjr us 25oha ,f'k;kbZ ,FkysfVDl pSafi;uf'ki 2023 esa
z Hkkjrh; tksM+h fç;ka'k vkSj vouhr dkSj us vk;jySaM ds
bfrgkl jpk tks 16 tqykbZ dks cSadkWd] FkkbZySaM esa laiUu
fyefjd esa fo'o rhjankth ;qok pSafi;uf'ki ds iQkbuy esa
gqvkA
twfu;j fefJr Vhe daikmaM Li/kZ esa Lo.kZ ind thrkA
z Hkkjrh; ny us Ng Lo.kZ] 12 jtr vkSj ukS dkaL; lfgr
dqy 27 ind thrs vkSj lexz jSafdax esa phu vkSj tkiku ;wFk oYMZ pSafi;uf'ki 2023
ds ckn rhljs LFkku ij jgsA z ikFkZ lkyqa•s ;wFk oYMZ pSafi;uf'ki 2023 esa fjdoZ oxZ esa
MhMh LiksV~lZ% iQhiQk efgyk fo'o di 2023 ds Lo.kZ thrus okys igys Hkkjrh; iq#"k rhjankt cusA
Vhoh vf/dkj ,iQvkbZ,l;w oYMZ ;wfuoflZVh xsEl
z MhMh LiksV~lZ dks iQhiQk efgyk fo'o di 2023 ds z ,s'o;kZ çrki flag rksej us phu esa FISU oYMZ ;wfuoflZVh
Vsyhfotu çlkj.k vf/dkj feysA xsEl 2023 esa Hkkjr ds fy, Lo.kZ ind thrkA
z iQhiQk efgyk fo'o di 2023 ,d ,sfrgkfld vk;kstu iq#"k gkWdh twfu;j ,f'k;k di&2023
gS tgka iQqVckWy dkS'ky vkSj tquwu vius pje ij gksxkA
z Hkkjr us ikfdLrku dks 2&1 ls gjkdj iq#"k gkWdh twfu;j
z 2023 iQhiQk efgyk fo'o di ukSoka laLdj.k gS] ftlesa ,f'k;k di&2023 dk f•rkc thr fy;k gSA Hkkjr us fjdkWMZ
32 Vhesa Hkkx ysaxh] tks 20 tqykbZ 2023 ls vkWLVªsfy;k vkSj pkSFkh ckj ;g f•rkc thrk gSA
U;wthySaM esa 'kq: gksxkA
z iq#"k twfu;j ,f'k;k di esa og blls igys 2004] 2008
beft±x VhEl ,f'k;k di 2023 vkSj 2015 esa f•rkc thr pqdh gSA
z beft±x ,f'k;k di 2023 esa ikfdLrku us iQkbuy esa Hkkjr z Hkkjr ds fy, vaxn chj flag vkSj vfjthr gqany flag us
, ij 128 juksa dh 'kkunkj thr ds lkFk yxkrkj nwljh xksy fd,] tcfd ikfdLrku c'kkjr vyh ,d xksy djus
ckj f•rkc thrkA esa liQy jgkA
•sy 149
vkbZ,l,l,iQ fo'o di twfu;j 'kcuhe bLekby
z Hkkjrh; fu'kkusckt vfHkuo 'kkW vkSj xkSreh HkuksV us teZuh z vius iwjs dfj;j esa 300 ls vf/d fodsV ysus okyh nf{k.k
ds lqgy esa 10 ehVj ,;j jkbiQy fefJr Vhe Li/kZ dk vÚhdk dh 'kcue bLekby us varjjk"Vªh; fØdsV ds lHkh
iQkbuy thrdj vkbZ,l,l,iQ fo'o di twfu;j esa Hkkjr çk:iksa ls laU;kl dh ?kks"k.kk dhA
dks nwljk Lo.kZ ind fnyk;kA z mUgksaus viuk vkf•jh eSp vkbZlhlh efgyk Vh20 oYMZ di
esa vkWLVªsfy;k ds f•ykiQ •syk Fkk-
z Hkkjrh; twfu;j 'kwfVax Vhe us baVjus'kuy 'kwfVax LiksVZ
iQsMjs'ku twfu;j fo'o di esa Ng Lo.kZ] Ng jtr vkSj ,f'k;kbZ HkkjksÙkksyu pSfEi;uf'ki 2023
rhu dkaL; ind lfgr dqy 15 indksa ds lkFk 'kh"kZ LFkku z ftatw] (nf{k.k dksfj;k) esa vk;ksftr ,f'k;u osVfyfÝVax
gkfly fd;kA pSafi;uf'ki 2023 esa Hkkjr us dqy rhu jtr ind thrs gSaA
z /uq"k Jhdkar us teZuh ds lqgy esa vkbZ,l,l,iQ twfu;j vkbZlhlh fØdsV iqjLdkj 2023
fo'o di esa iq#"kksa dh 10 ehVj ,;j jkbiQy Li/kZ esa z vkbZlhlh us vçSy eghus ds fy, iq#"k vkSj efgyk f•ykfM+;ksa
Lo.kZ ind thrk gSA ds ukeksa dh ?kks"k.kk dj nh gSA iq#"k Vhe esa ikfdLrku ds
LVkj iQ•j teku vkSj FkkbZySaM ds uk#eksy us ckth ekjh
MCY;wVhlh iQkbuy 2023
efgyk Vhe esa pk;okbZA
z vksoy esa vk;ksftr fo'o VsLV pSfEi;uf'ki iQkbuy esa
vkWLVªsfy;k us Hkkjr dks 209 juksa ls gjk fn;k eysf'k;k ekLVlZ 2023
z bl thr ds lkFk] vkWLVªsfy;k U;wthySaM ds ckn çfrf"Br z Hkkjrh; 'kVyj ,p,l ç.kkW; us gky gh esa iQkbuy esa phuh
'kVyj osax gksax ;sax dks 21&19] 13&21] 21&18 ls gjkdj
f[krkc thrus okyh nwljh Vhe cu xbZA ;g WTC iQkbuy
eysf'k;k ekLVlZ 2023 dk f•rkc thrkA
esa Hkkjr dh yxkrkj nwljh gkj gSA
z fo'o VsLV pSafi;uf'ki nks lky dk fØdsV VwukZesaV gS tgka eksukdks xzkaM fçDl 2023
ukS Vhesa fufoZokn fo'o VsLV pSafi;u cuus ds fy, çfrLi/kZ z jsM cqy ds iQkWeZwyk ou Mªkboj eSDl osjLVSisu us 2023
djrh gSaA çR;sd Vhe Ng lhjht •syrh gS] rhu ?kj ij eksukdks xzkaM fçDl f•rkc thrk] ;g bl lhtu dk mudk
vkSj rhu ckgjA pkSFkk f•rkc gSA
z vkWLVªsfy;k vkbZlhlh ds lHkh f•rkc thrus okyh nqfu;k dh vkbZih,y 2023
igyh Vhe cu xbZ gSA z psUubZ lqij fdaXl us xqtjkr VkbVal dks gjkdj vkbZih,y
z Hkkjrh; fØdsV Vhe ds iwoZ dIrku fojkV dksgyh WTC 2023 thrkA iQkbuy eSp vgenkckn esa •syk x;k-
bfrgkl esa lcls T;knk ju cukus okys f•ykM+h cu x, gSaA z xqtjkr VkbVal% 214@4 (20 vksoj esa)
z psUubZ lqij fdaXl% 171@5 (15 vksoj esa)
2023 LDoS'k fo'o di z psUubZ lqij fdaXl (CSK) MdoFkZ&yqbZl&LVuZ i¼fr dk
z gky gh esa] WSF (oYMZ LDoS'k iQsMjs'ku) cksMZ us psUubZ] mi;ksx djds xr pSafi;u ij fot;h gqbZA
rfeyukMq esa gksus okys 2023 LDoS'k fo'o di ds fy, z vkbZih,y 2023&iqjLdkj fotsrkvksa dh lwph
LFkku r; fd;k gSA bZMu xkMZUl vkSj oku•sM+s LVsfM;e us lhtu ds loZJs"B
z psUubZ LDoS'k fo'o di esa pkj vyx&vyx egk}hiksa LFkkuksa dk iqjLdkj lk>k fd;kA
'kqceu fxy us vkWjsat dSi (890) iqjLdkj thrkA
ls vkB Vhesa •sy jgh gSa% vkWLVªsfy;k_ dksyafc;k_ felz_
eksgEen 'keh us iiZy dSi (28) iqjLdkj thrkA
gkaxdkax] phu_ Hkkjr_ tkiku_ eysf'k;k_ nf{k.k vÚhdkA
vftaD; jgk.ks us iQs;jIys vkWiQ n lhtu dk iqjLdkj
z LDoS'k fo'o di dk pkSFkk laLdj.k 13 twu ls 17 twu rd
thrkA
,Dlçsl ,osU;w] jks;kisêðk] psUubZ esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA
jkf'kn •ku us dSp vkWiQ n lhtu dk iqjLdkj thrkA
nksgk Mk;eaM yhx iQkiQ Mq Iysfll us lhtu dk lcls yack NDdk (115
z vksyafid Lo.kZ ind fotsrk uhjt pksiM+k us 88-67 ehVj ehVj) dk iqjLdkj thrkA
ds Fkzks ds lkFk nksgk Mk;eaM yhx 2023 thrkA 'kqceu fxy us lokZf/d pkSds (84) dk iqjLdkj thrkA

WALLAH
'kqceu fxy us lhtu ds lcls ewY;oku f•ykM+h dk efgyk çhfe;j yhx 2023
iqjLdkj thrkA z fotsrk& eqacbZ bafM;al
'kqceu fxy us Mªhe 11 xsepsatj vkWiQ n lhtu dk
z Iys;j vkWiQ n lhjht & gsys eSF;wt (,evkbZ)
iqjLdkj thrkA
z vkWjsat dSi & esx ySfuax (fnYyh)
Xysu eSDlosy us lqij LVªkbdj vkWiQ n lhtu dk
iqjLdkj thrkA z iiZy dSi & gsys eSF;wt

;'kLoh t;loky us beftZax Iys;j vkWiQ n bZ;j dk
larks"k VªkWiQh 2022&23
iqjLdkj thrkA
z LFkku &fdax iQgn baVjus'kuy LVsfM;e] fj;kn] lÅnh vjc
z vkbZih,y iQkbuy eSp ds iqjLdkj fotsrk%
Msoksu dkWuos us Iys;j vkWiQ n eSp dk iqjLdkj thrk
z fotsrk & dukZVd
,e,l /ksuh us thrk dSp vkWiQ n eSp dk vokWMZ z mifotsrk & es?kky;
lkbZ lqn'kZu us ykWUxsLV flDl iqjLdkj thrk
13oha gkWdh bafM;k lhfu;j efgyk jk"Vªh; pSfEi;uf'ki
lkbZ lqn'kZu us eSfDlee iQksj iqjLdkj thrk
2023
lkbZ lqn'kZu us eksLV oSY;w,cy ,lsV vkWiQ n eSp dk
iqjLdkj thrk z LFkku & dkdhukMk] vka/z çns'kA

lkbZ lqn'kZu us xsepsatj vkWiQ n eSp dk iqjLdkj thrk
z fotsrk & eè; çns'kA
vftaD; jgk.ks us bysfDVªd LVªkbdj vkWiQ n eSp dk z çfrHkk vk;Z pSafi;uf'ki dh loZJs"B fMiQsaMj vkSj Iys;j
iqjLdkj thrk vkWiQ n eSp Hkh cuhaA
ekun vkthou lnL;rk z lkfRodlkbZjkt jadhjsîóh vkSj fpjkx 'ksêðh us fLol vksiu
z eSjhyscksu fØdsV Dyc (,elhlh) us 5 Hkkjrh; fØdsVjksa ;qxy f•rkc thrk (cSMfeaVu)A
dks ekun vkthou lnL;rk çnku dhA z Hkkjrh; efgyk eqDdsckt fu•r tjhu vkSj yoyhuk cksjxksgsu
z blesa Hkkjr ds iwoZ dIrku ,e,l /ksuh] lqjs'k jSuk] >wyu us efgyk fo'o pSafi;uf'ki 2023 esa Lo.kZ ind thrkA
xksLokeh] ferkyh jkt vkSj ;qojkt flag 'kkfey gSaA
vkbZ,l,l,iQ fo'o di 'kwfVax pSfEi;uf'ki
efgyk ,f'k;kbZ dq'rh pSafi;uf'ki z LFkku & Hkksiky
z Hkkjr dh fu'kk nfg;k us dtkfdLrku ds vLrkuk esa z Hkkjr dks 7 ind (1 Lo.kZ] 1 jtr] 5 dkaL;) ds lkFk
vk;ksftr ,f'k;kbZ dq'rh pSafi;uf'ki esa jtr ind thrk gSA nwljk LFkku feykA
z mUgksaus efgykvksa ds 68 fdyksxzke oxZ esa vius dfj;j dk
z phu us 12 indksa ds lkFk igyk LFkku gkfly fd;kA
vc rd dk lcls cM+k ind thrk gSA
z Hkkjr çfr;ksfxrk esa 2 jtr vkSj 5 dkaL; ind ds lkFk fotsrk ind vk;kstu
rhljs LFkku ij jgkA ljctksr flag xksYM iq#"kksa dh 10 ehVj ,;j fiLVy
z lgjkor us ;g ind iq#"kksa ds 57 fdyksxzke ÚhLVkby oxZ o#.k rksej@fjne flYoj 10 ehVj ,;j fiLVy fefJr Vhe
esa thrk gSA lkaxoku
fotMu fØdsVlZ vokMZ o#.k rksej czkWUt iq#"kksa dh 10 ehVj ,;j fiLVy
z Hkkjrh; efgyk fØdsV Vhe dh dIrku gjeuçhr dkSj dks #æk{k ckyklkgsc czkWUt iq#"kksa dh 10 ehVj ,;j jkbiQy
o"kZ 2023 ds fy, fotMu fØdsVj vkWiQ n bZ;j pquk ikfVy
x;k gSA #æk{k ckyklkgsc czkWUt 10 ehVj ,;j jkbiQy fefJr Vhe
z og ;g iqjLdkj thrus okyh igyh Hkkjrh; efgyk fØdsVj ikfVy@ueZnk jktw
gSaA euq Hkkdj czkWUt efgykvksa dh 25 ehVj fiLVy
z ogh lw;Zdqekj ;kno dks Vh&20 iQkWeZsV dk loZJs"B f•ykM+h flÝr dkSj lejk czkWUt efgykvksa dh 50 ehVj jkbiQy
pquk x;k gSA 3 iksth'ku
•sy 151
fy;ksusy esLlh •syks bafM;k ;wFk xse 2022&23
z vtZsaVhuk ds fy;ksusy esLlh us 2022 ds fy, loZJs"B iQhiQk z ikapos laLdj.k dk vk;kstu eè; çns'k esa fd;k x;kA
iq#"k f•ykM+h dk iqjLdkj thrk gSA z egkjk"Vª 56 Lo.kZ lfgr 161 ind thrdj ind rkfydk
z fy;ksusy esLlh us fdfy;u ,EckIis vkSj fj;y eSfMªM ds esa 'kh"kZ ij jgkA
dIrku djhe csatsek dks iNkM+dj ;g iqjLdkj thrkA
z estcku eè; çns'k 39 Lo.kZ lfgr 96 indksa ds lkFk rhljs
lhfu;j efgyk jk"Vªh; gkWdh pSfEi;uf'ki LFkku ij jgkA
z gkWdh eè; çns'k us iQkbuy esa egkjk"Vª dks 5&1 ls gjkdj z eè; çns'k ds 8 'kgjksa esa •syksa dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA
vka/z çns'k ds dkdhukMk esa 13oha gkWdh bafM;k lhfu;j z 'kqHkadj & vk'kk
efgyk jk"Vªh; pSafi;uf'ki 2023 dk pSafi;u cukA
z Fkhe lkWUx& fganqLrku dk fny /M+dk nks
efgyk fØdsV fo'o di z •syks bafM;k e'kky dk uke vejdaVd j•k x;k] ftl ij
z vkWLVªsfy;k us NBh ckj efgyk Vh20 oYMZ di dk f•rkc eka ueZnk dh vkÑfr Hkh mdsjh xbZ FkhA
vius uke dj fy;k gSA
z iQkbuy eqdkcys esa vkWLVªsfy;k us lkmFk vÚhdk dks 19 iq#"k gkWdh fo'o di
juksa ls gjk;kA z teZuh us isuYVh 'kwVvkmV esa csfYt;e dks 5&4 ls gjkdj
vaMj&19 efgyk fo'o di Hkqous'oj esa ,iQvkbZ,p iq#"k gkWdh fo'o di thrkA
z baXySaM ds f•ykiQ igyk vaMj&19 efgyk fo'o di thrdj z jkmjdsyk esa gkWdh fo'o di esa Hkkjr nf{k.k vÚhdk dks
efgyk fØdsV esa viuk igyk vkbZlhlh f•rkc thrkA 5&2 ls gjkdj la;qÙkQ ukSosa LFkku ij jgkA
z baXySaM ds dIrku vkSj 'kkunkj vkWyjkmaMj xzsl fLØosal dks
cYys vkSj xsan ls 'kkunkj çn'kZu ds fy, Iys;j vkWiQ n Hkkjr us igyk efgyk vaMj&19 Vh20 oYMZ di thrk
VwukZesaV pquk x;k gSA z igys laLdj.k esa Hkkjr us baXySaM dks lkr fodsV ls gjkdj
VwukZesaV thrk FkkA
j.kth VªkWiQh 2022&23
z lkSjk"Vª us dksydkrk ds bZMu xkMZUl esa caxky dks ukS fodsV z Hkkjrh; dIrku & 'kSiQkyh oekZ
ls gjkdj viuk nwljk j.kth VªkWiQh f•rkc thrkA z vk;kstu LFky & nf{k.k vÚhdk
csu LVksDl vkbZlhlh okf"kZd iqjLdkj 2022
z baXySaM ds VsLV dIrku csu LVksDl VsLV fØdsV ds bfrgkl z o"kZ dk loZJs"B iq#"k fØdsVj & ckcj vkte (ikfdLrku)A
esa lcls T;knk NDds yxkus okys f•ykM+h cu x, gSaA z o"kZ dk iq#"k Vh20 fØdsVj & lw;Zdqekj ;kno (Hkkjr)A
Úkstu ysd eSjkFku
'kqHkeu fxy
z igyh Úkstu ysd eSjkFku 20 iQjojh dks yík• ds iSaxksax
Rlks >hy esa vk;ksftr dh xbZ FkhA z 'kqHkeu fxy ouMs esa nksgjk 'krd cukus okys lcls de
mez ds Hkkjrh; f•ykM+h cu x,A
iQhiQk 2026 fo'o di iQqVckWy
z iQhiQk 2026 fo'o di iQqVckWy dk vk;kstu vesfjdk] lkfu;k fetkZ
dukMk vkSj eSfDldks esa fd;k tk,xkA z Hkkjrh; efgyk Vsful f•ykM+h lkfu;k fetkZ us laU;kl dh
efgyk çhfe;j yhx 2023 ?kks"k.kk dh
z eqacbZ bafM;al us fnYyh dSfiVYl dks lkr fodsV ls gjkdj z mUgsa 2004 esa vtZqu iqjLdkj] 2006 esa iÁ Jh] 2015 esa
igyk efgyk çhfe;j yhx f•rkc thrkA jktho xka/h •sy jRu vkSj 2016 esa iÁ Hkw"k.k ls lEekfur
z efgyk çhfe;j yhx&2023 dk VkbVy çk;kstd VkVk xzqi fd;k x;k gSA
FkkA t;nso mukndV
z lcls T;knk cksyh thrdj Le`fr ea/kuk 3-4 djksM+ #i;s esa z t;nso mukndV us j.kth VªkWiQh eSp ds igys gh vksoj esa
jkW;y pkSysatlZ cSaxyksj esa 'kkfey gks xbZaA gSfVªd ysdj bfrgkl jp fn;kA

WALLAH
CykbaM Vh20 oYMZ di 2022 chMCY;w iSjk cSMfeaVu pSafi;uf'ki
z Hkkjr us rhljs CykbaM Vh20 oYMZ di ds iQkbuy esa z çeksn Hkxr vkSj euh"kk jkenkl us chMCY;w iSjk cSMfeaVu
ckaXykns'k dks 120 juksa ls gjk fn;kA pSafi;uf'ki esa Lo.kZ ind thrkA
z iQkbuy eSp csaxyq# esa •syk x;kA
eqDdsckth
çks dcîóh yhx 2022 lhtu 9
z Hkkjr us vkbZch, ;wFk oYMZ pSafi;uf'ki esa viuk pkSFkk
z t;iqj fiad iSaFklZ us iQkbuy eqdkcys esa iqusjh iYVu dks Lo.kZ ind thrkA
gjkdj nwljh ckj f•rkc thrkA johuk us efgykvksa ds 63 fdxzk iQkbuy esa uhnjySaM
iQhiQk oYMZ di 2022 dh esxu ds f•ykiQ Lo.kZ ind thrkA

drj esa fo'o di iQkbuy esa vtZsaVhuk us isuYVh 'kwVvkmV
z
efgyk ,f'k;k di 2022
esa Úkal dks 4&2 ls gjk;kA
z estcku&ckaXykns'k
z vtZsaVhuk us rhljh ckj f•rkc thrkA
z fotsrk & Hkkjr (7oha ckj)
z xksYMu ckWy & fy;ksusy esLlh (vtZsaVhuk)
z Iys;j vkWiQ n lhjht & nhfIr 'kekZ (Hkkjr)
z xksYMu cwV & fdfy;u ,echIis (Úkal)
ihVh m"kk Hkkjrh; vksyafid la?k dh igyh efgyk 36osa jk"Vªh; •sy
vè;{k cuha z estcku& xqtjkrA
z ihVh m"kk IOA vè;{k fu;qÙkQ gksus okyh igyh vksyafi;u z 'kqHkadj & lkotA
Hkh gSaA z Fkhe& •sy ds ekè;e ls ,drk dk t'u eukukA
z ihVh m"kk 1984 vksyafid esa 400 ehVj ck/k nkSM+ ds z lfoZlst LiksV~lZ daVªksy cksMZ 61 Lo.kZ indksa ds lkFk ind
iQkbuy esa pkSFks LFkku ij jgh FkhaA rkfydk esa 'kh"kZ ij jgkA
z loZJs"B iq#"k ,FkyhV & lktu çdk'k
es?kuk vgykor z loZJs"B efgyk ,FkyhV & gf'kdk jkepUæ (dukZVd)
z es?kuk vgykor dks Hkkjrh; Vscy Vsful egkla?k dh igyh z •syksa dk ok;jy LVkj & 'kkS;Zthr •Sjs (eYy•ac)
efgyk vè;{k pquk x;kA z ey•aHk esa eè; çns'k us thrk Lo.kZ indA
z eè; çns'k dh flf¼ xqIrk us ey•aHk esa Lo.kZ ind vkSj
,f'k;kbZ LDoS'k Vhe pSafi;uf'ki jksi ey•aHk esa jtr ind thrkA
z Hkkjrh; iq#"k LDoS'k Vhe us ,f'k;kbZ LDoS'k Vhe pSafi;uf'ki z efgykvksa dh d;kfdax Li/kZ esa bankSj dh f'k•k pkSgku us
esa Lo.kZ ind thrkA Lo.kZ ind thrkA
xzSaM LySe VwukZesaV

;w,l vksiu 2022
oxZ fotsrk mifotsrk
efgyk ,dy LosVsd (iksySaM) vks- tkcsmj (VÔwuhf'k;k)
iq#"k ,dy lh- vydjkt xkjfiQ;k (Lisu) lh- :M (ukWoZs)
iq#"k ;qxy vkj- jke ,oa ts- lSfylcjh (vesfjdk) MCY;w- dwygksiQ vkSj ,u- LdwiLdh (uhnjySaM)
efgyk ;qxy ds- flfu;kdksok (psd) vkSj ch- Øsftdksok (psd) lh- eSduSyh (vesfjdk)
,aM Vh- VkmulsaM (;w,l)
•sy 153
;w,l vksiu 2022
oxZ fotsrk mifotsrk
Úsap vksiu 2022
efgyk ,dy bxk LohVsd (iksySaM) dksdks xkWiQ (vesfjdk)
iq#"k ,dy jkiQsy uMky (Lisu) dSLij :M (ukoZsft;u)
iq#"k ;qxy eklZsyks ,jsoyks (vy lkYokMksj) thu&twfy;u jkstj boku MksfMx (Øks,f'k;kbZ) vkWfLVu Økftlsd
(uhnjySaM) (vesfjdk)
efgyk ;qxy dSjksyhu xkflZ;k (izQkal)] fØLVhuk Eyknsuksfod dksdks xkWiQ (;w,l) vkSj tsfldk isxqyk (;w,l)
(izQkal)
foacyMu 2022
efgyk ,dy ,sysuk j;ckfduk (dtkfdLrku) vksUl tkcsmj (VÔwuhf'k;k)
iq#"k ,dy uksokd tksdksfop (lfcZ;k) fud fdfxZ;ksl (vkWLVªsfy;k)
iq#"k ;qxy eSF;w ,CMsu (vkWLVªsfy;k) vkSj eSDl ijlsy fudksyk esfDVd (Øks,f'k;k) vkSj esV ikfod
(vkWLVªsfy;k) (Øks,f'k;k)
efgyk ;qxy ckjcksjk Øsftdksok (psd) vkSj dSVsfjuk flfu;kdksok ,fyl eVZsal (csfYt;e) vkSj >kax 'kqvkbZ (phu)
(psd)
vkWLVªsfy;u vksiu 2022
efgyk ,dy ,'kys ckVhZ (vkWLVªsfy;k) Msfu,y dksfyUl (la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk)
iq#"k ,dy jkiQsy uMky (Lisu) Msfu;y esnosnso (la;qÙkQ jkT; vesfjdk)
iq#"k ;qxy Fkkuklh dksfdufdl vkSj fud fdfxZ;ksl (vkWLVªsfy;k) eSF;w ,cMsu vkSj eSDl ijlsy (vkWLVªsfy;k)
efgyk ;qxy ckjcksjk Øsftdksok (psd x.kjkT;) vkSj dSVsjhuk vUuk Msfufyuk (dtkfdLrku) vkSj chfVªt gíkn
flfu;kdksok psd x.kjkT;) ekb;k (czkthy)
z Hkkjr us 2022 SAFF U-17 pSfa i;uf'ki dk f•rkc thrk fous'k iQksxkV (gfj;k.kk) us efgykvksa dh 53 fdxzk
LFkku& JhyadkA ÚhLVkby esa thr gkfly dhA
Hkkjr pkSFkh ckj pSafi;u cuk (2013] 2017] 2019)A uhjt pksiM+k Mk;eaM VªkWiQh thrus okys igys Hkkjrh;
VwukZesaV dk lcls ewY;oku f•ykM+h& ouykyisdk xqbrsA cus
loZJs"B xksydhij dk iqjLdkj&xksydhij lkfgyA 88-44 ehVj dk FkzksA
fo'o dq'rh pSafi;uf'ki 2022 eSDl osjLVSisu us iQkWeZwyk 1(F1) gsusdsu Mp xzkaM
LFkku & csyxzsM] lfcZ;k fçDl (GP) 2022 thrk
Hkkjr 24osa LFkku ij gS (2 dkaL; ind)A
LFkku & uhnjySaM
mUgksaus 2022 bVkfy;u xzkaM fçDl Hkh thrk
iq#"kksa ds 65 fdxzk ÚhLVkby esa ctjax iqfu;k (gfj;k.kk)
us thr gkfly dhA ç.ko vkuan Hkkjr ds 76osa 'krjat xzSaMekLVj cus


WALLAH

Current Affairs Ebook 01

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BPSC

eksckby ,si% Physics Wallah (Iys LVksj ij miyC/)

Nk=k leqnk; ds fgr esa%

(;g iqLrd dsoy 'kSf{kd mís'; ds fy, mi;ksx dh tk,xhA)

z fcgkj% ubZ uhfr;ka vkSj dkuwu..............................25 z fcgkj% egRoiw.kZ vf/fu;e ..................................70

z tux.kuk 2011% fcgkj .......................................31 z fcgkj% •cjksa esa vfHk;ku .....................................71

z fcgkj% •sy lekpkj ..............................................33 z fcgkj% esys@R;ksgkj ..................................................72

z fcgkj% thvkbZ VSx ..................................................35 z fcgkj% iqjLdkj vkSj lEeku..................................72

z fcgkj% iqjLdkj vkSj lEeku..................................39 z fcgkj% egRoiw.kZ fudk;@,tsafl;k¡@çkf/dj.k.......73

z fcgkj ds çeaMy ,oa ftys...................................43 fcgkj% vH;kl ds fy, ,elhD;w............ 74&83

z eqaxsj çeaMy ............................................................51 2- jk"Vªh; djsaV visQ;lZ .................................... 84&86

fcgkj% ,d utj esa

 ;g xaxk unh ds nf{k.kh rV ij fLFkr gSA

lkj.k vkSj Hkkstiqj ls f?kjk gSA

uhao  çFke foHkktu% 1936 esa mM+hlkA

 f}rh; foHkktu% >kj•aM (15 uoacj] 2000)

 nwljh jktHkk"kk% mnZw

2003 }kjk Hkkjrh; lafo/ku dh 8 oha vuqlwph esa tksM+k x;k)

 jkT; i'kq% xkSj (oSKkfud uke% ckWl xkSjl)

 jkT; iq"i% xsank (oSKkfud uke% VSxsVl bjsDVk)

fcgkj dk {ks=kiQy  ;g Hkkjr ds dqy {ks=kiQy dk 2-86» gSA

 {ks=kiQy ds fglkc ls fcgkj Hkkjr dk 12 ok¡ lcls cM+k jkT; gSA

lhrke<+h] e/qcuh] lqikSy] vjfj;k vkSj fd'kuxatA

 Hkkjr ds ikap jkT;ksa dh lhek usiky ls yxrh gS % fcgkj ¹729 fdyksehVjº]

lkj.k] lhoku] Hkkstiqj] cDlj] dSewj vkSj jksgrklA

uoknk] teqbZ] Hkkxyiqj vkSj ckadk gSaA

 ns'kkarjh; lhek% 83°19*50¸ iwoZ ls 88°17*40¸ iwoZ

HkkSfrd fo'ks"krk,¡  iwoZ&if'pe foLrkj% 483 fdeh

 mÙkj&nf{k.k foLrkj% 345 fdeh

 leqæ ry ls Å¡pkbZ% 173 iQhV

 ftys% 38 ¹ex/ çeaMy esa vjoy¾38 ok¡ ftykº

 {ks=kiQy dh n`f"V ls 'kh"kZ ikap ftys%

ç'kklfud bdkb;k¡  iwohZ paikj.k

 {ks=kiQy dh n`f"V ls f'kogj fcgkj dk lcls NksVk ftyk gSA

 lkeqnkf;d fodkl •aM% 534

 fo/ku lHkk lhVsa% 243

 ;g 1937 esa vfLrRo esa vk;kA

 fo/ku ifj"kn lhVsa% 75

 ifj"kn dh igyh cSBd 20 tuojh] 1913 dks ckadhiqj esa gqbZA

c<+kdj 96 dj fn;k x;kA

 fo/ku lHkk esa vuqlwfpr tkfr ds fy, vkjf{kr lhVsa% 38

 fo/ku lHkk esa ,lVh ds fy, vkjf{kr lhVsa% 02

2 djsaV visQ;lZ ladyu BPSC

 fo'o ds çFke xf.krK% vk;ZHkêð

 fo'o dk çFke fo'ofo|ky;% ukyank fo'ofo|ky;A

 çFke eq[;ea=kh% JhÑ".k flag

 çFke efgyk eq[;ea=kh% jkcM+h nsoh

 çFke eqfLye eq[;ea=kh% vCnqy xiQwj

 çFke nfyr eq[;ea=kh% Hkksyk ikloku 'kkL=kh

 çFke Lora=k eq[;ea=kh% egkek;k çlkn flUgk

 Lora=krk ds ckn çFke jkT;iky% t; jke nkl nkSyr jke

 çFke eqfLye jkT;iky% tkfdj gqlSu

 fczfV'k 'kklu ds nkSjku çFke Hkkjrh; xouZj% ,lih flUgk ¹1921º

 lafo/ku lHkk ds çFke vè;{k%

 MkW- lfPpnkuan flUgk (9 fnlEcj] 1946 dks vLFkk;h vè;{k)A

 Hkkjr esa çFke xf.krK% vk;ZHkêðA

 çFke efgyk yksdlHkk vè;{k% ehjk dqekj ¹2009º

 Hkkjr ds çFke miç/kuea=kh% txthou jke

 igyh Hkkstiqjh fiQYe% xaxk eS;k rksgs fi;jh p<+bcks

iQLVZ&ewoht bu fcgkj  igyh eSfFkyh fiQYe% dU;knku

 igyh fganh fiQYe% dy gekjk gS

 igyk nSfud fgUnh lekpkj i=k% loZfgrS"kh

 çFke lkIrkfgd fgUnh lekpkj i=k% fcgkj cU/q

;g xaxk unh ds nf{k.kh rV ij fLFkr gSA

uhao çFke foHkktu% 1936 esa mM+hlkA

f}rh; foHkktu% >kj•aM (15 uoacj] 2000)

nwljh jktHkk"kk% mnZw

jkT; i'kq% xkSj (oSKkfud uke% ckWl xkSjl)

jkT; iq"i% xsank (oSKkfud uke% VSxsVl bjsDVk)

fcgkj dk {ks=kiQy ;g Hkkjr ds dqy {ks=kiQy dk 2-86» gSA

{ks=kiQy ds fglkc ls fcgkj Hkkjr dk 12 ok¡ lcls cM+k jkT; gSA

Hkkjr ds ikap jkT;ksa dh lhek usiky ls yxrh gS % fcgkj ¹729 fdyksehVjº]

ns'kkarjh; lhek% 83°1950¸ iwoZ ls 88°1740¸ iwoZ

HkkSfrd fo'ks"krk,¡ iwoZ&if'pe foLrkj% 483 fdeh

mÙkj&nf{k.k foLrkj% 345 fdeh

leqæ ry ls Å¡pkbZ% 173 iQhV

ftys% 38 ¹ex/ çeaMy esa vjoy¾38 ok¡ ftykº

{ks=kiQy dh n`f"V ls 'kh"kZ ikap ftys%

ç'kklfud bdkb;k¡ iwohZ paikj.k

{ks=kiQy dh n`f"V ls f'kogj fcgkj dk lcls NksVk ftyk gSA

lkeqnkf;d fodkl •aM% 534

fo/ku lHkk lhVsa% 243

;g 1937 esa vfLrRo esa vk;kA

fo/ku ifj"kn lhVsa% 75

ifj"kn dh igyh cSBd 20 tuojh] 1913 dks ckadhiqj esa gqbZA

fo/ku lHkk esa vuqlwfpr tkfr ds fy, vkjf{kr lhVsa% 38

fo/ku lHkk esa ,lVh ds fy, vkjf{kr lhVsa% 02

fo'o ds çFke xf.krK% vk;ZHkêð

fo'o dk çFke fo'ofo|ky;% ukyank fo'ofo|ky;A

çFke eq[;ea=kh% JhÑ".k flag

çFke efgyk eq[;ea=kh% jkcM+h nsoh

çFke eqfLye eq[;ea=kh% vCnqy xiQwj

çFke nfyr eq[;ea=kh% Hkksyk ikloku 'kkL=kh

çFke Lora=k eq[;ea=kh% egkek;k çlkn flUgk

Lora=krk ds ckn çFke jkT;iky% t; jke nkl nkSyr jke

çFke eqfLye jkT;iky% tkfdj gqlSu

fczfV'k 'kklu ds nkSjku çFke Hkkjrh; xouZj% ,lih flUgk ¹1921º

lafo/ku lHkk ds çFke vè;{k%

MkW- lfPpnkuan flUgk (9 fnlEcj] 1946 dks vLFkk;h vè;{k)A

Hkkjr esa çFke xf.krK% vk;ZHkêðA

çFke efgyk yksdlHkk vè;{k% ehjk dqekj ¹2009º

Hkkjr ds çFke miç/kuea=kh% txthou jke

igyh Hkkstiqjh fiQYe% xaxk eS;k rksgs fi;jh p<+bcks

iQLVZ&ewoht bu fcgkj igyh eSfFkyh fiQYe% dU;knku

igyh fganh fiQYe% dy gekjk gS

igyk nSfud fgUnh lekpkj i=k% loZfgrS"kh

çFke lkIrkfgd fgUnh lekpkj i=k% fcgkj cU/q

igyk vaxzsth lkIrkfgd lekpkj i=k% n fcgkj gsjkYM

igyk Vhoh fjys dsaæ% eqtÝiQjiqj ¹1978º

çFke çkphu fo'ofo|ky;% ukyank fo'ofo|ky; ¹5 oha 'krkCnh bZ-º

igyk vk/qfud fo'ofo|ky;% iVuk fo'ofo|ky; (1917)

igyk •qyk fo'ofo|ky;% ukyank fo'ofo|ky;A

igyk rsy fjiQkbujh dsaæ% :l ds lg;ksx ls csxqljk; ds cjkSuh esaA

çFke flapkbZ ifj;kstuk% lksu ifj;kstukA

1962 esa MkW- jktsaæ çlknA

1963 esa MkW- tkfdj gqlSuA

2000 esa mLrkn fcfLeYykg •kuA

eq[;ea=kh lkekU; ç'kklu

rstLoh çlkn ;kno us 10 vxLr 2022 dks nwljh ckj fcgkj ds

mieq[;ea=kh LokLF; ,oa ifjokj dY;k.k

vkokl ,oa 'kgjh fodkl

lgdkfjrk ea=kh lqjsaæ çlkn ;kno

f'k{kk ea=kh pUæ'ks•j

Ñf"k ea=kh dqekj loZthr

•ku ,oa HkwfoKku ea=kh MkW jkekuan ;kno

yksd LokLF; ;kaf=kdh foHkkx ea=kh yfyr dqekj ;kno

dyk] laLÑfr vkSj ;qok ekeyksa ds ea=kh thrsUæ dqekj jk;

i;ZVu ea=kh dqekj loZthr

Je lalk/u ea=kh lqjsaæ jke

xUuk m|ksx ea=kh vkyksd dqekj esgrk

vkink çca/u ea=kh eksgEen 'kkguokt vkye

lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh ea=kh eksgEen bljkby ealwjh

dkuwu ea=kh 'kehe vgen

m|ksx ea=kh lehj dqekj egklsB

foÙk] okf.kfT;d dj] lalnh; dk;Z ea=kh fot; dqekj pkS/jh

ÅtkZ vkSj ;kstuk ,oa fodkl ea=khA c`tsUæ çlkn ;kno

ifjogu ea=kh 'khyk dqekjh eaMy

xzkeh.k fodkl ea=kh Jo.k dqekj

Hkou fuekZ.k ea=kh v'kksd pkS/jh

ty lalk/u] lwpuk ,oa tulaidZ ea=kh lat; dqekj >k

•k| ,oa miHkksÙkQk laj{k.k foHkkx ea=kh ys'kh flag

vYila[;d dY;k.k ea=kh eksgEen tek •ku

y?kq ty lalk/u ea=kh t;Ur jkt