A Collection of Voyages and Travels

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COLLECTION
O F
Voyages and Travels,

& O M L
NowfirliPrmttdfromOriginalManufcnpts,
O T II li R S
Now firft Publifli'd in Eng i. i s h.
In Six VOLUMES.
With a General Preface, giving an Account of the
Progrefs of Nav i g a t i o n, from its firft Beginning.
Illuftratcd with a great Number of ufeful Maps and Cuts,

Curioully Engraven.
Vo L. IV.
LONDON:
Printed by Afllgnmcnt from Meff". Churc ii i l i..
For John Wai.thoe, over-agi'mH ihe Royal-Exc/Mnge, mComhill; Tno. Wotton,

at the ^teen's IJiwd and Three Dîggers ovcr-aE;ainft St. Diinjlun's Church, in F/tv/-
//rccf ; b A M u F. L 13 R T, in Ave-Man-Lam; Liidgate-Jlrect
1 Da n i k i. B r o \v n e,
;
at the Black-Sivivi, without Tempk-Bar ; Thomas O shorn, in Gray's Im;

JOHN 8h ucKBURc. H, at the Sun, next the Inucr-Tempk-Gote, in I-Ud-JIrei't
and IIenrv Lin tot, at the Croji-Kas, againll 'Hi. Dunjla?i\ Church, in //iv/-
///,,/, MDCCXXXII.
\y
I
THE
PREFACE.
THE Author Dr. John Francis Gemelli Careri, bm here obligd the World
an Account of his Travels, that fearce any can he thought
ivith Jo excellent
to exceed, and very few to be equal to it. He undertook this laborious and dange-
rous Task only tofatisfy bis own Curiofty, and gives the Publick a true Relation of
what hefaw in many Parts, where other Travellers had made it their Bu/inels to
bring little but Fables and Romances. He omitted nothing in his Round worth ob-
ferving, becaufe his only Bujinefs was to fee and be inform' d ; and being a Man of
Learning and excellent natural Parts, he had all the advantages of taking good Ob-
fervations, and delivering 'em politely, which common Travellers generally want.
He was a DoSfor of the Civil Law, which fufjiciaitly evinces his Learning and \
as he tells us, befides his natural Curiofity, was further mov'd to travel by Croffes
and Misfortunes he met at home. Neither did he go as a Vagabond trujiing to for-
tune, but well provided with Money to make him acceptable in all Parts, and gain
admittance where others under worfe Circumjlances could not. Nor does he only give
a judicious Account of what he faw, which is perform' d by way of Journal, but
touches upon all Antiquities deliverd bs the bell Authors, of Countries, Cities, and
other Places and Things of Note. This of him in general, but to fay fometbing in
particular of each Part or Volume.
In the Firjl he afjigns the Motives he had to Travel, and then beginning at Na-
ples runs along the Coaji of Calabria, croJ/i;s /o Sicily, then Jails along that IJland
till becomes to Malta, oj' which he gives a very exa£t Defcription ; the fame he doth
o/'Egypt whither he fait d next, and there of the Pyramids, Mummies, &c. whence
be proceeds to the Holy Land, the IJland of Rhodes, the City of Smyrna, feveral
fmall IJlands, the Imperial Cities of Conftantinople, Adrianople, Buriii, Trcbi-
zond, and many other Places in his way to Perfia ; with a fuccin£i Account of the
Religion, Manners, Antiquities, &c. of the Turks, and the Succeffion of their
Monarchs.
Thefecond Volume contains a curious Defcription of the Perfian Empire, the dl-
flances from place to place, beginning at the Frontiers to Ifpahan, the Court of that
Nation and thence down to Bander-Congo, a Sea-Port on the Gulph of Pcrlia.
;
He treats of their Religion, Antiquities, &c. as in the other Books, and particularly
Jets down all the remains o/'Darius'i Palace, with fometbing of the Banians or Ido-
laters. Gives feveral Cuts oj'jingular Curiofitics dij'covers fome Mijlakes made
;
by Tavei nier in his Travels, which he aljo does in bis firjl and third Parts o/"Turky
and India. And having deliver d all that may fatisfy the nicejl Reader, proceeds
in his Voyage to Damian, thefirji City he came to in India.
The third Volume beginning at Damian, belonging to the Portuguefe, runs along
all that Coajl, particularising all that that Nation iipoffefs'd of in tbofe Parts, as
{ loa, Bazaim, Diu, and other Places as alfo what is /iibjffl to Idolaters, and what
;
to Mahometan Princes ; tnojl lively reprejents to the im.iginatiou the wcnderj'iil

Pagod
ii The PREFACE.
PdgoJ of the Ii'Id'ii Salzctc j mt only dcjirihcs, but gives till the Ciiti of fix choice
l-'niils, (iHil 'Trees thut bear them ; and e.wellenth injorms us of the Superjtitions and
Culhnn of tl.oje (ienti/es. H'hence theylutbor lenttires />y Land to the (Ircat Mo-
gul'; Camp, to acquaint us thoroughly with that Prime l\> liu, Progenitors, Pra- i
ctices, It'ealth, Strength, and all other Particulars. This done he proceeds en bis
yo\(igc by Sea toicards Cliina in his IVay delivers thchcjl Accounts ofthj'e Coim-
;
tries he f>a/s'd bv ina I'oyage of a thoufand Leagues, ivhicb are no lefs than the rich
I/land of Ccyioii, the golden Chciroiiclus, or Peninjiila of Malaca, the vajl
j/lands of ûmMVA and liornt'o, nvith many fmall ones, and the pcicerful King-
doms of liciijia'a, Siani, Peg", Cochinchina, Tunqiiin, (3c till he comes to
Macao, the fr/l Land 0/ Ch'nu, where begivs
The fourth I'olu me, ichich mentions e-vcry place great or fmall he pafs'd through
in that vajl Empire, curioujly Jets doavn the di/lances, de/iribes all he Jaw on the
Roads, and all Cities as they defervc; as alj'o the Rivers, Lakes, and Mountains,
and particularly the great TAnwr Ji'all, //ii- Portiigucfc City r/' Macao, and all
that relates to it and the manner of 'Travelling to the Court 0/' Peking. He di-
;
flinguijhcs ingen:iou/h between ivhat he fa':s and confequentlyicrites of hisownhivuK

ledge, and what he had from others, ichich /till he tool: iifon good yluthority, and
mentions it for the fiitisfaiiion of the Reader. Having had the honour to Jee the
Empertr he relates all that Ceremony, and lihat he knew of the Palace as an Rye-
wit nefs, the rejl as he receiv'd it. 'The manner of the Emperor's going abroad he
had from others, but fo curious as the Reader cannot but like it. Other things,
as the Religion rf {^h'mî, tic lajl perjecution of ChriJlianity, the Antiquitiei
of the Empire, Government, Courts, 6cc. are colletled, but curioujly ana well
grounded.
The fifth Volume treats very particularly of all that is to be kno'.cn concerning
the Philippine-//Awi/j, and thenfollo%vs an exatl 'fournal of his long and dreadful
Voyage thence to A ôulco
•
in New Spain, which is altogether new, and bv the way
de/cribes CiVifv ''}'^'g down the Reajons there are to believe that the North
Continent of lix with that of Mvn, or the great TwniiTy.
oIk,
The fixih Voir Account of what he Jaw in New Spain, mentions alt
./eing the
that part be travell'd through, which is the Port 0/' Acapulco, the Road thence to
Mexico, which is not common, and thence again to Vcra-cruz. But the Particu-
lars he gives us of the Mines, of reducing the Ore and refining the Silvi. , of fepa-
rating the Gold from the Silver, oftheCoiditions upon which all PerJons Ijold their
Mines, and of the royal Mines, are tnojl lingular and curious.
Injhort, it is one of the mojl compleat U'orks of this nature, and tixrefore I Jhall
not need add any more in commendation if it, for it will fiifficicntly commend it
Jelf to the Reader,
THE
i
>—•'». iai»ii#fc^^»<w^
THE
CONTENTS QP T HE
Fourth Volume.
A Turky,
Voyage round the World,
Careri
Niw-Spain.
;
PerJ/a,
containing
InJidi
the
China.,
l)y
moft
the
Tranflated from the Italian,
Dr. John Vnvicis Gcmellt
remarkable i iii.
Philipphie-lCiMx^^
J'agc
gc in
and
i.
An Account of the Shipwreck of a D/z/f^-v^cflel, on the

Coafl:of the Ifle of ^clpact'ty together with the Dcfcrip-
tion of the Kingdom of Corea. Tranflated from the
French. p. 573.
An Account of a Voyage from Spain to Paraqiiaria^ per-
form'd by the R. R. F. F. Anthony Sepp and Anthony Bchm^
German Jcfuits and Miflioners into thofe Parts. Tran-
Hated from the High- Dutch, p. 596.
A Fragment concerning the difcovcry of the Iflands of Sa-'

lomon, Tranflated from the Spanijjj, p. 622,
The Hiftory of the Provinces of Paraguay^ Tuciiman^ Rio

iic la Plata., Parana., Guaira and Urvaicay and fome-
thing of the Kingdom of Chili^ in ôuX.\\- America. By
Father Nicholas del Techo^ of the Society of Jefiis, Tran-
ilatcd from the Latin, p. 636.
Prefervation of Eight Men in Green-land^ Nine

Months and Twelve Days. 75
P-
Vol. IV. Mer ns
The CONTENTS.
Merino Journey to tlic Mines in Hungary ; with an Account
of his Obfcrvations made there, in them, and
relation to
fubtcrraneous Pallagcs in General. Trandatcd out of
Latin. p. 762.
Ten Rhynes Account of the Cape of Good Hope and the

Hottentots^ the barbarous Natives of that Country, p. yOt).
Bclancfi Obfervations on the Streights of Gibraltar and the

Tides and Currents, d, j82.
^<*h»«^^*H|l"*-îi ^t m ^m 11 •mtmt0t!m
i
V O Y A G E
ROUND T H E
WORLD, 13 Y
Dn Joh/i Francis Gemelli Careru

" I
alMMM
In Six PART S, -vi:,^

1 OiTURKT.
II. Oi PERSIA.
III. Of INDIA
IV. Of CHINA.
V. Of the P///L//>/>/7v^;7 tcT
ANn«r
^ INLANDS,
VI. Of yV^/A^-^/vz/TK.
Written Originally in Italian,

Tranflated into EfigUp,
i
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/I Voyage round the World by Dr. John

Francis GcnicUi Careri. Part I.
Containing the moil: Rcmarkiibic Things he Hiw in

TURK Y*
<Npa*<OT> Kp'n' iri i
BOOK L
c H A P. r.
the Riuijijiis that iuJuccd the Author to Tniwl, and m Acount of uhit happened
to him in his H'ay from Naples to Mcliin.i.
always it In ifif power Being theretore refolvM to let forward, Gfmh.H)

•Ptf All-
lhi)r'i
Wl'UI-'.crinl."'"' ol iiiillculy Fortuni-, not reganling tli- l>)viiig |ierfuafions of "693-
wiUi wliom we an- ilaily to I'riemls, who m.ulc an .iigunvnt ot the^-Z'VNf
for Tra- (lrugt;lc, to rciliK'c us to a ini- ilil1em|x;r I l.ibourM uruler, to divert me
lenblcancl wntilicilcoiiilition anil couM Irom my purpoli ; .md having provitl-

not a wife man, l>y bf.iring ii|i ..(j;;iin(l its eil .dl necefiaries, 1 took my leave of
injuries ami allauits, open liimlclt 4 way thrm, .md jiarticularly ot the counfellor
to a more I't-ai cable llate of lite; our Am.ito Danio, of the judge ot the I'ha-
fonditicin wouiil lertaiiily be too rigitlatii! ria D. 'Ji'fi'ph Ch.ivi-i, now a counlellor,
«)
nnliappy v ami the (^reat work ot tiiat ot /•. Aloiifu Ri/i, knight of Alalia, and
all-wito artificer, who drew us out of no- ot Or. l.MircHLt- Siiihluliiri. This done,
thing, appear the lels jK'r(e(it and valua- without farther delay, I embark'd on .V.«-
He ca*
ble. Yet it otten happens, that we are turduy the 1 ^th ot yum- fx; ^ on .1
1 fe-h.ukife)"
niui i» in the wrong when wc complain luca of Nuf'!n, to carry me into Cit!a-
«)t fortune ; liccaull" when fhe feems moll hin, in order to go over trom thence
averfe to us, flie then often forwards us, into the l.n\i>ii.
to undertake lome worthy entcrprize, and Having fiii'd filiy miles, we l.mded ac
heljis to raile us to a iiigher degree, night on the fliore o( .'Imuij:, fo c.xWW j„,,,'fi^
obliging us, through necelfity, to |X'r- of a city of that name, which owes its City®
form gooil and noble artion';. I'his may touiulation to certain tamilies of Roman.',
be pl.iinly evincM by the whole courle who failing towarils Conllaniinoj!,; ah(5ut
of my lite, which has been interwoven the year ol" our I. old Hn), and find-
with luch ll range accitlents, that the ve- ing in this plice a late harbour, .ifter a
ry remembrance ot tliem terrifies me dreadful llorin .it lea, ll.iy'd here to build
ami yet to them do I owe the feeing of it, and lettled their .ibo.le. Nor do [
fo many countries, the fiiling of fuch vail think it at .ill llruijê, as fome do, that
feas, and if it may be allowM me to they Ihouli! build it in to craggy a place
hope for any, the glory of thefe unpo- among fuch iKep rocks ; when I con-
lilli'd lines. I cannot deny, but that it fider, that in tlioli- times, when all L'a/y
was my natural curiofity antl defirc ot was infelled by barbarous nations, every
travelling about the world, (tho* often one endeavoui'd to fix himlrif in the
dilappointed) that made me undertake llrongell place he coukl. l-'roni that
the voyage ot Furoj:', in the year i6S^, time forward govern'd as a com-
it w.is
whereof 1 atterwards printed only the monwealth, till times changing, anil the
full volume 1 but it is as certain, th.it Grecian em[-)erors liiving loU that king-
I had no other rcafon to undertake this dom, this city became fuhiect to ba-
other dangerous .uid painful voyage, but rons. At prefent it is a denielh of the
the unjull perlecuiions, and undcfcrved crown, and beautity'd with many curi-
outrages I w.ii tbrc'd to endure. ous tlruttures, creeled by les'cral Fa-
Vol. IV® fi milies
yl Voyage round the World. Book I.
f Ch
GEMttLi milics on account of the wlioiromnel's of Having flay'd here Turfday 2^, upon
•693- the air. ionie bulinefsi on U'cdneuhn 24, we cut
'-^'"^ The Spiviijh nation owes the difcovery acrofsthe bay, and having liiil'd 24 miles,
of a new woiM, and the PortugUi'fe tii.it ciuled this (hort voyage on the Ihore of
of tlif Eitjl- India, to Flu. to (Hojii, na ,1 Gioja. 1 laving l.inded my baggage, I
live of till' city of Jm.i.'ji, as being tlic caus'd to be carry'd on horll'i to the
it
in\enttTof t'.e life of die joadllone, with- town, a mile iliflant, where I ontinu'd i
out which ihey could never liave ven- all Tbiir/iLiy 25, to rell my felt, being
tur'd out fo t.ir into the vail ocean, to weary of the fea. dclcrib'd.
dilcoveriinl<nown empires, nor iiave found Friday 16, my
brother Dr. Jobn Rapliji
any metiiotl to (leer tlieir rtiips fo regu- GemcHi, a man of an exempl.iry life, and
firly throiigli tlie boundlels waves of the moll innocent behaviour, came to meet
fea. Jm.i'.fi is alio famous iucaufe a nie from Rcduina, bringing horlls with
citizen of it was founder of the noble or- !iim, anil would n'-eds have me fpend thole
der of St. '/'•//';; ot Jcnihilcm, or Mtdtd ; few d.iys I had, to provitle necclfiries for
, but above .ill, for prelerving in its cathe- my voyage at his houle. I tli.mktully ac-
dral, which is an archbilhop's lee, the bo- cepted his kind oiler, and 011 Saturday the
dy of the [;Ioiioiis apolUe St. Aiulrrj;, 2 7th, we went together to Ridirina, which
brought tliither from Coiflaiiiinople. was 10 miles dillant. Several ]iertbr.s came
Liiija
The weatiier proving unfit for fea on on Sunday 2S, to bitl me welcome, and
Point.
Siiiiildy the 14th, we let out on AIoihLiy with me a good voyage. Monday 2(), I
the I uh, and having fail'd about 40 went out a fhooting, the country being
niili-s, night f.ill, pnr into the point
nc.u plain and full of game and would have ;
of formerly cali'd Leucofta, \sln.rc

l.tcofii, done the lame the two following liays, had
we found \ery bad entertainment .it the I not bi.1.11 'Miiploy'tl in providing for my
inn. voyage, yet on rhurjday the 2d of Jidyy

Tut'fday 16, putting to fea again, we I went out upon the plah.^ of Gioja, and
'J"o\v I)
fail'd ^6 niile<. to Pahnuro, a place fo had thepleafure of killing fome phcafants.
cali'd from P.:.:nunis, Pilot to yEiiens, Tlie air of the pl.ice being bad, I retumM
who is laid to h.ive dropp'd into the fea to Rediiina on Friday the 31I, much tir'd.
near this (hore, and Iwimming to land, to Confidering with my ielf wiiat unex-
have been kill'd by the inhabitants. Mere 15ecl:ed dangers and accidents might hap-
we found a wretched inn not becaufe there ; pen in fo long a peregrination, on Satur-
was any w.uit in the place, but becaufe our day 4, I m.ule my Will, ami left itfeal'd,
lioft was a compouiiLi made up of an ex- anil on Si nday the 5tli made i confelFioii
cellent thief, and a baio cook. of my fins, and, tho' unworthy, receiv'd
Running 40 miles firther, on IFcdnrfdny the blefied lacramenti praying to God to
Town bring me home fafe from the tlilHcult un-
17, we put into Siiilnu a town on a rock,
at the loot of vail high mountains, where dertaking I had in hand. I Ihall not ft.ay
we were torc'd to continue 'Tburfday iS, to mention the tears and tender embraces
by realon of the foul weather. Friday 19 my brother, as not know-
at p.irting with
r,rJ,! we advanc'd .is ing whether he fliould ever fee me again :
tar as P.tola, where the inn
^")- was nothing betti-r To leflen his grief, I tokl him, I intended
than that of Palinuro.
I'he (hicf thing this city can boafl of, only tor the Holy Land, antl thence to re-
is
its being the place ot the birth ot St. I'ran- turn as loon as noflible ; tiio' at the lîme
tis, the founder of i\\e Aliiii/ns, and where time I had .ibl()liuely refolv'd not to fettle
he wrought his greatefl wonders. As to* till I had taken a view of China, antl could
other particulars, it has good buildings, be an eye-witnels ot lo many tables as are
.md a caille on the eminence that com- deliver'd to us, among lome tew truths.
manils it. I fet out on Monday 0, to embark at
PIzzo
S,i/!<rdu\ 20, we fiil'd 60 miles, and
came betimes to Pizzo, a town leated on
Pa'.mi, 12 miles ilillant, and came thither
before noon where F was gencroufly en- •,
(
7'ovvn.
a rock almoll Hat at top ; whence there is tertain'd by John tP .'/jidno, a gentleman
a delightful prolpeft along the pliMlant of that town. Then difmifling yamrs Ro-
fliores of the noble country of Calnbria, nu-o my ileward (who came out of kind-
and upon the open fea. I llayM there Sun- net's to bear me company) I embarkM on
day 21, at the requefl of friends, but Tuejday the 7th tor M,-Jlti:a, and having
Monday 22, taking leave ot them, went crois'd the n.irrow llreight, failing in all
aboard the \elVcl, and having run ô miles, 24 miles, arriv'd in that city before night.
7f;/-'
arriv'dat the aty Tiopea, leatetl after the Jufcph Laifj/iafili, a gentleman ot Rcjarna,
*"> fame manner as Pizzo. The nobility there who was iiurry'd there, entert.iin'd me at
have the privilege of acting in a diilinCt his houfe.
body from the commonalty in publick af-
fiirs. CHAP.
Book I. Chap. II. 0/ TURK Y.
CHAP. II.
A Jl:crt Defcription of McfTina, and an Account of u!l tic .luthor fiii> till he
came to Malta.
tUjJir,,!
Jclcrili'd.
TH K
Zaiitk,
c ity sMi-Jlhuu
is liatcil in
formerly callM
the province
other
olf,
members;
as rotten limbs
lincc thole being cutGiMEii.!
and the part that 169;
i>t" yalilcMoiie, in the eaftcrn part of the being cauteri/M, the evil has '.-/^'Ô
w.is tainted
illanii ot i\icily, anil in 39 ilegrces and been not only retricv'J, but ablohiiely
12 minutes of l.ititude. It is reported abolilh'd.
to have been built by the giant Zandc, That very d.iy, being the 7th, I look'd
in the year ot tiie world 14 -{5, and that out for fome velfel bound for Malta
it was join'd to Ihd'j, as well as the rell (there being none l"o reaily for the Le-
of Sicily. Its figure is long, by reafon vant, as I had imaginM, by rcalbn of
of the hills that lurround and has the
it, the war then raging throughout Europe)
fincft harbour in the world for capa- and agreed for my pallage aboard a tar-
cioufncfs and faftty, and for its delight- tan of Malta, then ready to fiil the ;
ful fliorcs, cmbellifh'd above a mile in mallei- of it telling nie, he would fail
kngth, with flately pahices uniformly on tlie 9th in the morning, I endeavour-
built, the curious iron balconies being ed to make niy felf re.uly on Ifchuf
all of an c(]ual height, lier,: the fliips ila\8, but found lie w.is enJe.u'oining
fecm to ride I'ccure in the arms of the to per ;iwMy that very morning. I'liink-
earth, their oppofitc element, the an- ing I could not get ready in time, I ( au-
choring is fo very good which makes >
fed my baggage to be put aboanl, and
me admire tlmr Taveniiet; lib. 1. II. par. in the mean wliile applyM my felf to
cap. i^. who reckons G(7 (J, Conjlantinople, difpatch a bufi.uls of moment. I con-
and 7oulon, the bell ports of our conti- cluded what went about with all pof-
I
nent, fliould make no account of that of fible expcilition, but yet found tlic tar-
Mi-Jfiiia, which is fo far from being in- tan was gone, and, what was worll,
ferior to any of thofe abovementioned, with all I had ; and I knew neither the
that it may be call'd the prime mart of mailer's, nor the velfcl's name. This
Europe, and a necelTliry thoroughfair to dill not daunt me, but enquiring at the
ii feal'd.
all parts of it. The mouth of it is guard- cullom-1-.oufe , was inlorm'd that the
ed by the callle SahaJore, by the citadel, t.artan was gone to îli, to load with
and other forts. wine and therefore not thinking fit to
-,
Aa for the city, it is an archbilhop- lofe any time, for as mucl; as the lofs
rick, and the mint of that kingdom. of my equipage would quire bre.dv otf
Famoas men have I'Ourifli'd there in all my intended journey, I went tli.it lame
age'., and at adorn'd with
prelent it is day aboard a teluca, bound for .-fgulla,
profeiTors of all ilicjices, and an acade- taking a fliort leave of Liuquanii and his
my of virtuolb's. 'I'hc churches are wife.
beautiful enough, the p.-.laces magnifi- We fair wind through the
fail'd with a
cent, the llreets wide ; the ladies beau- famous dangerous Iheights of' Mcf-
anil
tiful and witty the air temperate, the
; Jina, diverting my melancholy by call-
foil fruitful, the fuburbs large, and the ing my eye towards tl;e left, upon the
I'd may be call'd a pond, containing all delicious gardens of Cutor.j and Rr^^gio,
forts of fifli to pleale the ajipetite. In and towards the rigiit on the be.iuiitul
fhort, this city is plentifully turnifh'd Drotnmo, a fuburb of Mejf.r.a, which
with all that can be defir'il for food, Itretches out for feveral miles in plea-
doathing, and ilelight, and the more fant country-houles and gardens then •,
for the neighbourliooti of Calabria, upon the village of .St. Stefaiio, and uji-
which continually alTbrds it a molt plea- on St. Plaii.k, a monallery of Ix'nedic-
fing profp'.'cl of its rich and fruitful tines, feated on an eminency, which by
lands. It has ever been loyal to its re.ifon of its ailvantagious lituation, was
king, and the inhabitants ready to ferve the caufe of many bloody trays between
him with their lives ami fortunes ; and the Fr:n,h and y/aiiiards, in the lall
if of late years fome of its natives, of war of Melnua. Keeping my eyes Hill
rclllefs fpirits, and lovers of noVeUy, fix'd upon tl'.e land, in expec'l.ition of
incurr'd the royal difpleal'ure, the crime finding the tartan, I obferv'd A''.;,.', Pcz-
of a few, and the corruption of jiart of zu'.o, Giam[i'eri, la Scalctia, Ji.'ala, Ali,
the members is not to lay a blemilh I-lunic ill- Aii'i, Savcca, and otli-.T villa-
UA P. upoii the wliolc body, and infect the ges l(.'ated near the lia-fide. The tartan
wa»
4
A Voyage round the PForld. Book 1. Ch
GEMtLi.i vv.is dole up in /lli, but the ni.ilh'r ol me my voyage. Here the Af,i'/iy1-
for
'69?- tliL' fchica, to lave puttinj^ ii\e afliore, galliot and brigantine, that guard the
^'^^''"^
liiiil it was another, ami tlicrelorc con- channel, were at anchor, but they could
tinuing our voyage, not without anguifli give me no account of the \ellel I went
of lieart we pafsM by Tiiurominu, a in quell of.
royal city feated on a niountain, ami ô Going aboard again on Sutiiidny u,

miles iliiLuit from Mciintn. Irom this the contrary wind ohligeii us to I.u:d 011
place appe.irM to the view Culiitabiam, the fliore of S/'aaafimio, p,'^ miles from
Aliijhm, J act, Ogiuin, and the ground Siraciifd. Siiruhiy 12, having f.iil'd 40
CatMi.i of the city Cahiniti, utterly ruin'd, and miles, we arriv'd at Brazrtlo, a town 011
ddlroj'a. the fhore of the town of Stinrla Croce,
hury'd in the allies of its neighbouring
mountain, after the dreailtul earthquake whence that night I went to Sco^firl.'i, in
which happened that fame year. The the county of Alodicii, to get another vef-
few Citizens that remain'd unbury'd, live I'cl to carry me to Alalia.
in poor cottages about Jiici gate. Ha- Accordingly Atoiiday i ;, I went a-
ving feen this deplorable fpeetacle, the board a fiiiall bark to croi's that narrow
fun Ihining out on 7l'itrJ'ii:iy <), we pro- fea, there being no better vefiel, and be-
i,eedjd on our way, (ha\ing run 60 ing becalm'd a few miles at fea, we ttooti
miles) without landing, and leaving bein great fear of Turk'tjh pirates, that paf-
hind us the royal cities of Li'iuim and lage of 60 miles being never tree from
CarloL-uibii. At noon we put an end to them in fum.mer.
this fliort voyage of 90 miles, arriving calm continu'd Tuefda\ the 14th,
'J'he
at /ignlid. when leeing the boat of a tartan making
Xiphoiia, now cail'd Agit'la, w;i<; fiijl towards us, and believing them to be ro-
City.
put into a pollure of tlefence by the vcr.i, we forfook ours loaden with Wood,
emperor ricilcrkk II, and afterwards and dcfencclefs, :,nti fled in our boat, the
better fortify'd. Hither the knights of leamen not allowing me To much liberty
St. 'John of Jerufidem retir'il, dter the as to take gun. my The others
feeing
lolsof Rhodes, before ALdiu was given us fly, forbore purfuing any further;
them. This city had the fmie misfor- by which we perceiving that the tartaa
fortune as Caiiwia, being overthrown by was of AlaUa, return'd to our bark, anil
the lad earthquake, ami therefore the continu'd there all the retl of the day.
people, like the others, livM in cotta- The wind coming up in the evening, we r
ges. The callle which was one of iie fiil'd all night, and got into the port of a
bell in Sicd'i, as well for the natural Malta on IVcilnefday the 15th before day, Ttie city.
rtrength of the place, as for the great but waited im Pratkk till two hours after t(
fortifications (having two bridges

about it fun rifing. ft
and tour gates 'o the lea) was much da- The of Malta was given to the M^tia
in.ind t.
maged, elpecially the ilwellings of the knights of St. John of Jerufatem, by the 'fl>""lf y
foldiers. I'he city lay to the call along emperor Charles the Fifth, for the year-
the hill, and li.ul a good port, defended ly tribute of a hawk, which at prcfent CI
by four tons. the vice-roy of Sicdy receives in the name tl
Sir,i;uj'ii. Going aboard another vefTel, I came of his catholick majelly. Its length U
in the evening in fight of Sirarufa, or from call: to wefl Is 22 miles, the tl
Zîr,!goz,i, a city tliat had I'utfer'il much breadth 12, and the compafs 60. The if
by the earthquake. As far as I could city ot Malia is in 35 liegrees, 40 min. is
perceive fiom the fea, it is commodi- of latitude, antl enjoys an excellent cli- ft
oufly leated, with a large caflle on the mate. It was befieg'd by the Turks with fl
fouth, and tort on the north,

,1 Here a great power, in the year 1565, but it
we were fel/.'d with much fiar, leeing without fuccefs. The port lies to the tl
the boat of a vefTel which we thought northward, and is large, and can con- :l
to be a turk coming aboard us, info- tain very many nii[)s, dividing it felf in- e
much that we ran aflioar to defend our to feveral very deep bays ; in the mofl fi
felves under he Ihelter of the neighbour- retir'd part whereof is the place callM
ing rocks and, in Ihort, we obliged the
-, Bormola, on the right of i: the borough,
boat to make away which it feeniM be-; and on the left the ifland, pl.ices inha-
long'd not to pirates, but to the town bited by the common Ibrt, who are a- I'
of 'Trapniw. bout three tlioufand fouls. The entr .nee Th.- Port, II
'I'hat we couid not advance

niîit of this port IS well defemled on the fide b
muth, and therefore on F/id.iy the loth of the city, by the calUe of St. Elmo, b
A',r; City, lay in fight of the city Nolo, dellroy'd which is well furnifti'd with cannon, has tl
as well as the rcll by the earthquake. a deep liiteh, ami other f()rtifications ;
At night we lay at the filliery of Cape and by ten |iieces of cannon planted on
Pnjfaro, where 1 had fult-fifli prelent'ed the wall further uj) by Barracca l-'ee-
i
Ki;
; ;
:
Book 1. Chap. 11. 0/ TURK Y. 5

c Mallffi cbiti, on which there are ten pieces of is the nnJ the tlurd that ofCrMrtn
land-gate,
;u;u\i die cannon above, on arches, and as many the Lazaretto, without whicii there is '^")3-
lii-ycould below: Hill further up beyond the gate a powder houfe, befides thofe within. '-"^'"^
nil I went of Italy, by leventccn guns on the up- On the land fide, there are two deep
per, and twenty on the lower battery. ditches running from the Laza,\'tto to
urday I r,
On the oppofitc fide, it is defended by the port, with a double wall under-
;) i.ii'.ci on the new fort of the ilLind, caftic St. An- mined.
lili's from uria of Borgo, and the new cafble of Rc- The three iflands I mention'd before,
cajbli, where the guns were not yet are Malta, fixty miles in compafs, Ihaped
lliilM 40
I town on mounteti, but it may be fpeedily fur- like a tortoife,and in it, the oKI and
-la Croci\ niihed from the city, if there be need new from which it takes name ;
city,
o^HeHi, in lb that the port is inaccefllble, and the but the old one at prclent does not con-
other Vfl- city impregnable, becaufe feated on a tain 2000 fouls. The li-'conti ifland is
vail high rock, which towards the fea is Comona, ten miles in compafs, with a
[ went a- naturally fortify 'd by precipices, and fort in and the third call'd Gozo, the
it ;
,it narrow
furnifli'd by art with mighty forts,
walls mofl fruitful of them all, and has a good
, and bc- and towers. On the land-fide, the whole fort commanded by a knight of the or-
we (loocl compafs of three miles, which contains der. All three iflands contain about
that p.if- the city, it is well furnifli'd with can- 60000 fouls, in thirty towns and villages
frce from non, not only on the particular forts and moll of them fierce and warlike, a:; being
batteries, but along the whole extent of of Moorijh extradi^n and culfonis. The
the 14th, tiie wall, being a delicate walk from the knights of the order, who are fiibjcffs to
n making port to the Lazaretto^ and may be gone his catholick majelly, have the priviledge
to be roin a coach. of being govcrnours of the (.illles of

ith Wood, The port of the aforefaid Lazaretto, St. Elrnu, and .St. Angdo, excluding all
boat, the call'd M'arjciamfiet, which growing deep- other nations, and tlieir government lalls
ich liberty er keeps fhips in fafcty clofe
within, two years.
lers feeing under rock, would not be inferior to

n During my Hay at Malta, I lodg'd
the other for conveniency, were it not in the monallery of the F>-aiic!fa;us°oi
further ;
the tartan appointed only for the fliips that come the invocation of St. Mary of Jeliis,
bark, anil from the Levant. BcfiJcs thefe two ports, where the religious men entertain'd me
the day. they told me, there were many more ve- civilly. After dinner I went to the Car-
cning, we ry commodious in all the three iflands, and melite church, where I heard good fing-
all defended by torts. ing of eunuchs, it being their fcltival of
le port of
efore day, T'lC city, The city, tho' fmall, not inferio*
is our lady. Thurfday t\K i(>t\\, the Great The c;rat
lours after to the belt in Italy for beauty ; for tho* Mafler came to hear mafs in that church, mailer.
feated on a bnrren rock; yet art has a canopy being prepar'd for him. Tiicncc
•en to the nfa/u exerted it ielf to make it delightful, he went to St. John's, whither I fol
yeikling an excelLnt profpecl from the low'd to fee the ceremony. The great
by the i"'*'"',
the ycar- lea, and from the land, reprefcnting a mafter fate on the right hand of^ the
curious flower, always odoriferous ; iiei- altar, on a throne of purph; velvet, with
prcfent
the name tlier the hardnefs of winter, nor the vio- gold fringes, plac'd witiiin the rail of
length lence of other feafons ever withering it, the high altar, and endo.s'd with bani-
Ics, the tho' it is very hot in fummer, as be- flers of fine marble oppofitc to liim
:
The ing feated or. a rock. The plain of it late fixteen of his pages, on benches
40 min. is like the lupcrliciesof a hand the length cover'd with red, lareil with lilver, and
cnt cli- from north to fouth, with ten ftrait two others waited behiml his chair. On
rh with ffreets, very well pav'd, which divide the floor of the church, four fleps be-
;, but it ; that ison the weft, three on

five low their prince, late the great crofies
to the the caff, which are iTeep and crooked, on benches, made tall, cover'd wiih lea-
in con- and two on the top plain. This iin- ther, on which were fiats tor tliiny two
icll in- fvcniicls of the ground is no way olfen- with desks before them, to kneel at,
\c mod fivc to the light, but rather adds to its cover'd with carpets ; on the fides, and
I.' callM iK'auty, there being no place for any along the middle, were ten other antient
10 rough, filth to lie, all being carry'd away to knights, and below them jilaces for the
cs inha- the which makes the palaces and
\'f.\, rell. The great miller had the golpel
are a- publiik of the city appear the
pl.ices brought him to ami was inccns'd
kifs,
cntr .ncc Thi Port. more graceful. The breadth of it is cue The great crolfes kils'd t'.-j Pax, and
the fide by two (Irects running from caff to welf, were inccns'd with two cnibrs ,nt the
both large and plain. It has thrct! gates, flime time, one 0:1 the ri,^hr, and the
on, has the moll freijucnted of them is that of other on the left. Ti;e great mafter was
ations ;
Melo ; in the ditch whereof, there is a cl.id in a thin black filk, with a long
iteil on great orchard of lemons and oranges for veil, as is worn by our feminary flu-
a I'ec- the life of the great mafler. The other dents but wiiii cape behind, and over
,1
•
VOL.IW C all
jl Voyage round the JVorld. Book I. ^Î
GiMEiii all, a ciflbck like a priclt's, hut llior- tify'd with curious iron balconies, which
169}. ^tcr, on whiLii was the crois of the or- grace it on every lidc. On the well fide
'-^^'^ ilcr i tlie rell of iiis garment was black, of it is a large with a llaiely
Iquare,
made attcr the FrinJj taihion ; when fountain in another ontiie fouth,
it, anil
tiie icrvice was over, the great crolVes where the chancery -court of the order
and knigiits attended him. I was told, is kept, anil the trcalure that is daily
tile great mailer was murli given to jiaid in and out ; the tnafiire, dclign'd
country (ports, as is natural to tiic French, to liipply publick necellities, being kept
and was generally in his little wood. \-\h in the little tower in the great mallcr'.'s
name is he is ot an
Adii.in I'ignacouii, palace.
indirterent Mature, his countenance live- The Maltefi women wear a vail after Women,
ly and (Irong though he lie feventy iix the Moorifl) fifhion, like the hood of
years of age. His diief favourite is the Spanijh Cbia, with a long peak fpread-
Philip Charles Frrdiic, grand prior of ing like a hollow tile on the forehead,
Huiigars, whom he always keeps at his ta- being made of llrong pallboard. This
ble, as alfo the great fenefchal D. Charles drefs is common to the gentry, who
Curii(fit, of the noble family ot' the add to it an indented edging, or purl-
ilukcs of Bntzzitiio, and one other knight ing, and to the vulgar lort, the mean-
in his lay, the great ma-
turn. They eit of them wearing veils of courfe wool-
iler is 6000 ducats for his ta-
allow'd len, with a little fort of petticoat a-crola
ble, a revenue of 200OQ as a temporal the head, which in fummer is as good
prince, and as much as makes tkit up as a Hove, in a country fo very hot,
60000, out of vacant commendaries and that I could not lleep in all the night.
curtoms. In other rcfpecls the women are very
.St. Jy/'ii's
i 'ic duirch of St. John has three iflcs, beautiful, agreeable, and in Ihort, of the
ihurch. the middlemoll of tliem arch'd, as are belt blooil in Europe.
the twelve chappcls on the fides. The The common coin is of brafs, and of
walls rich in gold, anti the floor a-
,1
•
high value, for changing .1 zecchine (;i
dornM with marble. On the two oppo- piece of gold worth eight fliillings) they
fiiii lidis, were the tombs of the re- give me bur fix pieces of brats for it, va-
nowned great matters Cotioiiirr, antl Gre- luing each of thelc pieces at four 1'aris,
gory Carajfii of the race of the illullri- tliree whereof make a crown ; a falfc
f)us princes of Roccclla. i\s for the di- coiner here would make a vail profit.
\ine fervice, the church is well fupply'd Sattiriliy the i8th, 1 went to fee the
.,•
with chaplains of all nations, who de- Aibrrgp de Italia, or Italian houle of
voutly recite the divine office in the choir entertainment, where there is a table for
every day. the poor knights of that country ; but
Frid-ij the 17th was a happy day for theiv are few that will come to this
me, tl;j tan.m that had my equipage on hungry table, becaule the order allows
bo.ird airiving at noon, and delivering but two Sicilian Taros a heaii lot tlieir
me from the apprclienfion that my tra- exjjance. The llruclure is llately, and
,.vtls would end at Malta. After din- of late cmbellhh'd by the great mailer
lUr' (M- ner I went to fee the great malter's pa- Carajfa. Not far from it is the Jlbcrgn,
laie
lace, feated on that plain part, where or inn of Cailile, and Portugal. Thence
the two (IrcLts are. Entring at the calf I went to li'e the churches of the jduits
gate, on the right and left, were the and dominicans, and another of the fouls
iiables with fifty horfes and mules. I'ur- in purgatory, which arc all but indiffe-
ther o!'. 's a garden, and that, leaving rent fibrirks. In my way home I went
the Icconil gate on the left, which is the into the Polvrrijia, a palace ot the or-
way to St. John a church, leads into an- der, little intc'iiour to that of the gre-at
other court, in which there are two op- mailer, which being divided into
is lett,
pofitc doors to the great mailer's apart- levcral apartments. it I Below
taw an-
ments. He makes ule of that on the other, call'd Delia Camaretta, a retiring
left for his private abode, and of that jilacc, wiicre the knights that are pioully
on the right ''whither T law him goj given, live in community, jiaying a year-
for publick functions. The hall is one ly llipend, and apply themlelvcs to god-
of the biggcft that may be fecn, richly ly excrcifes.
hung with rimfon liamask, with a ca-
( The hof[)ital of Malta, is one of ihcTIifhof.
nopy of tlie fame fring'd with gold. In tamoufell in F.nrope, as well in regard, I
'••''
this hall, and the lirit room within it, the fick are ferv'd by great crolVes ,md
are painted the moll glorious cnterpri- knights, ,ind all in pl.ite ; as for the good
/es and exploits perfb.-i\'d by the or- order obferv'il, nofwithllanding the great
der. The third room was adorn'd with number of fick. Kefore it is a great
the lame filk. The whole jialaco is beau- court, and c;i tiie Ikies a noble apothe-
cary's
Book I. Chap. 111. 0/T UR K Y.
, which cary's fhop. Cioing up tlicrc is a fmall maftcr dine. The tabic was fjsrcad in Ce.vieih
a-ft lidc under '^"Jv
g.dlcry wi;h ftck pcrfons, and ilich an- the great hall ne.ir the c.uiopy,
Ihuely '-^^'"^
otlicr oppofite to it ; but going down, which was his chair of crimlon veh'et,
e louih, there is anotiicr of a vaft length, with and four others of le.ither lower at the
e order a great number of beds on both fides, end. On the lirft of thel'e fito his ne
as there arc in the other two arms that
is (l.iily phew, on the fetond.rfthc grant! ptior ol
cklign'il form a crofs, the chappel for divine Hungary, on the thiti.!, tlie great crofs
iiig kept fcrvire rifing in the mitkllc. This hof- Cavarretla of l'-a[>awi, and on the fourth,
m.illcr's pital is fo well ferv'd, that many knights the great fenefchal Carajfu. The great
when they arc fick go into it to be maftcr was ferv'd in gilt plate, and his
ail after Women, cur'd. meat was brought ap.irt ; the three
hood of 5.v«,.'.iv the 19th, the great crolTcs were knights that carv'd were covcr'd. The
< fproad- at high mafs, long garments of black
in reat maifer drank in a little giafs, the
orehcad, rourie IhilT, witli wide flcevcs, but fhort, lealth of the knights prcfent, which was
.1. This hanging under the pafTion cmbroider'd as good as difmilFuig many of them,
y, who on a (carf of black filk, the end where- who made tiieir coart round the table ;
or purl- of is ty'd to the fword-hilt. The great and it may be truly laid, that no prince
c mean- maftcr wore the fame, having befides, in the world of his quality is more no-
rfe wool- .1purfe by his fide as almoner. Behind bly attentlcd.
t a-crols the great crofiis, fite on twelve benches, The firft place in the ifland, wlicrc this
as good the elders and commend.irics, and below noble order refidcd, was old Alalia, af-
cry hot, them on the fides the knights, of whom terwards caftle St. Jugrh, where they
u" niglit. there was a great number. On the left withftood the terrible fiege of the Ol.'o-
arc very of the great maftcr, were the ofticers of man fleet. At laft they remov'd to the
•c, ofihc the pl.ice ; that is the receiver, the place where they now are, building fuch
marter of the chamberlain,
the horfl-, a beau'TuI city by reajon of tiie convc-
;, and of and others who ftte on a pl.iin wooden niency of its quarries, like Nni'lcs.
cchine (;l bench, but they wore the fame habit as Moiuhi) the 20th, there put into Mal-
ngs) tlicy the great rroftc'S. The m.ifs was lling by ta a French tartan, lent by the merchants
or it, va- the prior of theThe chief chiir. h. of Alarfcillcs to carry ,idviL-e to the frcitib
ur TariSf place next to the great maftcr was ta- vcfTels then lying at J!t\\a:;Jrin, Csfriis,
; a talfc ken up by his nephew, who fut on the anil Trifoli of Soria for fear of the Dutch
profit. firft the gre.it croifes (as he did
feat ot privateers, that theymight fafely venture
fee the at other ceremonies) clad after the
all out of thofe ports on their feveral voy;-
houle of freKfh hMon. FIj alone, after the great ges, three French men of war then crui-
,ihle
:ry
for
but
i matter, kifs'd the gofp;l, and fo m.ide
Ms offering, having iiad the Pax given
fing in the Mciliterrancin,
fecure them. Therefore to avoid wafting
which would
to this him, and been inceiisM before the great my time in e\pccT:ation of a better op-
allows croifes. I was told, th.iT the great crof- portunity to tail for Ca:f!ar..'inrpL; wlii-
or tlicir fes, when they late in eo\incil, wore an- thcr r had retblv'd to go, I readilv agreed
, and mhi'r garment witli longer fieeves, like to give twelve crown.i for my patliigc to
in after (hat worn by the fenators of Fciiici: Alexandria.
Alih-rgn, After mafs I went to fee the great
'I'hince
ic jdiiits
thcibuls CHAP. III.
inditto-
•
I went 7'hL' Authors Foyage to Alexandria.
the or-
ic
led into
taw an-
grrat
H \v:ng proN'ided all necrffiries, I
embark'd on Tur'Jny die 21ft with
.nr wind, which held ail night, and
the higli-land, for fear of falling in un-
awares upon the fiat of jigypt, and at
break of day, he found himfelf fifty
rctiring ll-'i'dnrfday the iid. ft ^"•i^l^ a little on miles above Alexandria, in the neigh-
pioiilly Thir/d.i)- the2^d, but came fiir again on bourhood of Rofiio ; lb that being to
a year- Friday the 24th, and carryM u= in fight turn back, the wind was full in our
|to gi)d- of the iftand Coza, weft ot the kingdom teeth, and after much racking, we put
ot Candia, along whole roaft we ran in at Riibicr, eighteen miles beyonil yl- îd-in- fn
of the Tlie hof. with the lame wind, Saturday the 2 -sth, lex'andria. This is a fm.dl caftle, provi- fy/'-
|rt'i!;;u\i,
''' I .and Sunday the 26th. It held on all (led with many piece: of cannon, and a
and Alcnday the 27th, but Turjday the 2Sth, garrifon of 200 TiirLs. About it, there
fc good we had a te.lious cdm. IVednrfday the are a few huts of Jralu, barbarous in
•
I 'IV, It iqt\\ ii bh'w I'oniewhat r'.iir. The maftcr name and manners, and hideous to be-
tiiv.it ot the tartan being young and unexpe- hold thefe tho' inllerably poor, being
1
:or;ie- rienecd, ignor.mtly took a lancy to make wholly devoted to idlenel's, will not wc)rk
upon
;
8 A Voyage round the fVcrld. Book L

Gemelm upon any account. There h a jilcnlifiil indulgences of the PorliioicuLt, giving
'^gj- fi(}icry,and particularly ofmullets.wlicre- thanks to God for my happy arrival in
'-^'"ôf for a tarthing they lell a large cut, Fgypt, alter a voyage of 1200 miles, or
and the roes of them tlryM (or a quarter 400 leagues from Malta.
of a ducat. The natives live on the plen- Alexaiulria, or Siaiidcria, as the Turks AUxok-
ty of fidi and fruit, for no fort ol'llefli cdl it, was built by AU'xmuhr the Great, j^'vj'
""
is fold tiicrc. * according to the form drawn by Bhwcra-

Thematter of the tartan went afliorc la ; 121 years before the birth of Lbrijty
tlwt fimcday, being /K'(^«^//rtv, and tho' and in the latitude of 30 ileg. 58 niin.
it was late, would needs go to Alexan- It isfeated on the fliore of the Mcditer-
ihia, to deliver his letters to the conful rnncan, on a landy grouml, and is lon-
wherefore going afhoar with him, we ger than it is broad. The old city is
fpoke to the J^n in the catllc, who gave much and the antient Ipot
dilinh.d)itetl,
him a janizary to conduft him thither fervcs to preferve the rain-water for the
and back again, for three pieces of eight ufe of the citizens. The new
city is but
and a half, taking along with them a ill-peopled, along the fliore
llretching
horfe .md an afs, which in thofe part« two miles in length, and half a mile ia
travel wonilcrfully to Icrve them both. breadth ; and it would have been re-
The mailer return'd on Tl.>iirfild\ 30th, duc'd to a worle condition, and jk.-
betimes, and had a contcfl: v.'ith the Ja- haps utterly abandon'il, by rcafon of
nizary, who would have as much more the unwholfoninefs of the air, had not
as had been .agreed, for conduc'ling him the convenicncy of its harbour and free
back, fo that he was forc'd to go betr.ide, which makes it the chief mart of
fore the with the jew of tiie cu-
-igti, the Levant, brought thither the com-
ftom-iioufe, who
decided the matter to merce of all the Mediterranean, and
the french-man's coll, tho' he had be- ocean, becaule of the convenient carriage
fore paid three pieces of eight and a hall' of goods brought from the Tndies up the
to go and come a piece of knavery
•, red fea, and of thofe Egyi^t it felf af-
thofe barbarians often put upon ciiri- fords. It was formerly a city 15 miles
ftians. This made mc very apprchenfive in compafs: It was reduced to the mi-
about the landing of my equipage, which fcrable, ruinous condition it is now in,
I much dreaded to expole 10 the ava- by under feveral mailers, and en«-
falling
rice of fuch mifcreants, by l.mding it 1 during many bloody fi^ges but above ;
but tlie tartan being order'd for C)priis, all, by the dcflruflion made in it by
I refolv'd to put it aboard another boat, Aiiloniiius Caracalla, who
fill'd it with
without venturing aflioar among fuch blood and dead bodies, not to men-
thieves, to carry it by fea to Alrxaii- tion what Maxi/nilianus Herculeui did
dria, where I knew there were chriftians, to it.
who could help mc out, in cafe the Arabs Many learned men flourifh'd in Ale-
fliould go about to put upon me ; but xandria, bred up in its univerfity ; and
the contrary wind would not permit me it produc'd many glorious martyrs for
to ftir. Therefore on Friday the 14th, confefTmg our holy faith. And were there
I was forc'd to land all I had ; I put nothing elfe, its former antiquity appears
my felf into the power of a jew that by fo many obelisks, pillars, and other
was cultomer, of the two evils choofing publick flruflures, the remains whereof
the lealf. But to fay the truth, he at- are to be lecn to this very day.
tcndeil me very kindly, caufing his wife That lame day, I went about out of
todrcis my meat, and giving me a room curiofity to view the modern buildings,
in ills houfe, for half a piece of eight in which I found nothing great, nor a-
a day. ny thing remarkable in its market pla-
The jew having fcarch'd my baggage, ces, there being in its Bazar or great
Saturday the ill of Aiigtijl, about fun- market, only two iows poorly covered,
rifing, I fet out for yUrxdiubia in a Gcr- and wretched iliops on both fides and ;
1
ina or boat, and arriv'd there in the af- the inhabitants are not in all, above
I: ternoon. 1 Icre another cuflomer jew 13000 fouls. The port is almoll round
fearch'd my baggage, to recover his tlie new city, t.\king up one ei^'Juh part
duty, becaufe he of likhh-r had fearch'd of it on the Ibiith-liJe. On the north

them only as his deputy, but I found is the entrance defended by a itiful
ways at both fearches to hide fome fmall tower on the cafl, and an indiiTerent
things that were of moll conllquence. I caflle on the well, but weakly fortified,
went to lodge at the //»// liiiiin of .Sr. Ca'.hi' with a bulw.u-k to retire to, near which
riiie of the Frainifinn fathers of the ho- is the Moj'fir, not to be fcen, for they
ly land, whofe church I cnnfcfsM, anil
in will not allow any bo;iy to go into if,
receiv'd on Sunda\ the lA, to pain the aiul dr.iwin!'; luMf to t.ikc a view of it,
I
was
Book L
'ulit, giving
y arrival in
JO mik's, or
as the Turks Îtxan-

r the Great, i''':li'^-
Viy Di)iocra-
tii of Cbrijl,
;g. 58 iiiin.
lie Alnliter-
anci is lon-
olJ city is
mticnt ipoc
ater for the
' fity is but
; the fliore
\( a mile in
e been rc-
, and pt.'-
reafon of
*, had not
II r and free
icf mart of
the com-
vieaii, and
:nt carriage
ulies up the
it fclf af-
y 15 iTiiles
to the mi-
is now in,
rs, and cn^-
but above
J in it by
I'ci it with
to men-
cu/eui did
'd in yik-
rfity ; and
lartyrs for
were tile re
ty appears
and other
IS whereof
(ut out of
buiklings,
t, nor a-
arkec pla-
or great
covered,
dcs ; and
1, above
ill round
part
:',!uii
he north
a iciful
iiiiilerent
fortified,
:ir which
for they
into It;
:w of it,
was
1
Ch
pilLir.
Oblervi.-.
lh.it in llie
book tlic
heii;hih of
the pillar
isfctdowtj
to l)L- I CO
font, .md
in the cut
but loa
fp>\ns,
ivhiih \i
X foLirth
j),lrt Icfs,
.md fccini J
moll pro- 1
luhlc-.Thc^
firit in.iy t
he .1 mi- \
Dakciiithc; c
prtl'i, lie- f
ing hut
eiicc men-
tioiiM,
whcrc.is
fp.ins.ire
J
times n.i-
meJ in the
cut. /
r.i- 71, !/)-,» s

I
pyr-^'
Jmidi
I '
Chap. VI. 0/ TURK Y.
w.is in grc.ic lianger, for the Moorijh rhil- liiiH hicroglyphick.^ on all fides. I tookOfviitii
tlicn ilrovc me tioin itandwiilj ilotics, not the dimenfions of them, but by; what ''"^J-
'-"'^^^^^
Jbnie came torwanls witii their naked I coulil guefs by my eye, they ilenlM
knives in their hands, ilemanding mo- to be 40 fpans about, and 70 in heighth.
ney, by means whereof, I lav'd my lite, About the old city, there are feveral mo-
Hill Hying as fall as I could, bccauletiie numents of antiquity to be lien, in great
crowil increasM, fo that my perriwig hew'd floncs, and other llruCtures dcmo-
tlrop'd oll'i a misl'ortune the />;•«(•/) of- lifli'd by time.
ten meet with, and Ibmeiimes it proves yliilo.'iy Tnmborin the French con-
Miirc.
fatal ; tor among thole birb.irians it is ful, born at Marfeilles , would not fulfer
dangerous to be given to curiofiry, whi:-h me to continue any longer in the mona-
is natural to me. In (hort, the French rtery of the fadiers, but that I lliould
conllil charg'il me not go far from his lodge in his houle, and diet with Ibme
quarter, but I not regarding it, broke of his country m^Tchants, and accoril-
the injunction, tho' with liich eminent ingly I removM thitlur IFediiijJiiy the
lianger. In my return I obfervM, that 5th. Here we very well, efpecial-
fir'd
there was another convenient harbour ly at fupper, at which we had above an
to the nort!" aril, form'd by a neck hundred little Cypri/f birtis, as the /->-
of land lying between the city and the iietians them, which I lliould call
call
fea. little Beeciifh'os of yilex.indriti, becaule
Monday the 3d I went with a jfaniz/iry, they are fat and melt in the mouth,
pillar.
alTign'd me by the conful, out of the there being nothing to throw away of
OblerVL-.
,!,„ i„ (lijCity, to fee Pompe^\ pillar, it llantls on them but the feathers. Nine other I'rriuh-
linolithe a high ground, which the fea leaves be- virn that din'd at ihe table, tre.it.'d me
hfighth oftween north and fourh. It is all of ont- wiifi the fame civility, vying who lliould
the pillar
g^jj^g pj^j-j. ^f ^^j niarW^'. except the be molt obliging to me, laying. That
t:,t'";:>apital, pedeO.l, and bafe, on which I being a llrangcr, who out of curinfi-
foot, and there arc certain A^^/Z'rt;;
hieroglyphicks ty went about Ijx-nding my money, and
inthcuit carv'd. The heigiit of it is 100 foot, obferving what I law, to make it known
bill 100
tiie circumference 25, that of the bafe to other curious pcrlbns, were obli-
thk-y
wl,iJhi»
a"'' pcJcftal 85. Some will have this ged to alTilt me as conccrnM,
partie-i
a fmirtli pillar to be four times as big as that of and ufe all their endeavours that I might
pan lifs, the Rolamlii at Roiiit- ; and the conful, obferve, and write all things coinpleat-
.iml fccnij
^y|,(, i^ _i vj-ry ingenious man, told me, ly infomuch that other nations payinsr
;
Tm 'î-i that a French in<;cnicr had oiTer'd his kina 20 per Cent, cuilom, and the French
firiliniy to take It down, and Ian. it lafe in l-ranceI but three, as has been (lipulated between
he a mi- without breaking, but that the Grand the traders of MctrfeiHes and the Turks,
Itakcm the The
5^^. junior would not confent to it. they i.iadc me enjoy their priviledge, as
[™'YuJ''"
following cut will give the reader a bet- if I had been country-man, which
their
encemciitcr idea of it. was much forwardeil by Arriô Grimano,
(ionM, a merchant of that city, in whole houfe
whcrea.^
St-e Cut Number I. I left my equipage, when I went thence
fpaiis.ire
J
to Jerufalem. This is a thing not to be
•ne.liiiilie fft'ihiefiliiy the 4th, I went to fee C/t-a- flighted in that country, where the cu-
'iit- patra's pyram'Js. There are twc of ftoms are farm'd for 2;oooo crowns a-
them near the port, one of them demc year, including Grand dure, Rojilo, and
PyrSf '''!''''' '"^^ "^''" '^''n^l'ng- They are of Damiatii,

'
a. mix'd marble, and carv'd with Egyp-
CHAP. IV.
I'Ijc Author's Voyage on the Nile, and defcriptm o/Grand dure.
THE
my
French perfwaded me to cloath
the country fifhion,
felf after
take. I order'd all my affairs on Thurf-
day the 6th, and on Friday the 7th in
that I might apjiear lefs odious in the the morning, being cL.d like an AraK
light of the Arabs, and particularly the went aboard a fmall Saiqiic bound for
Bidnines, who are herdfmen, and live Biehier, whither I arriv'd after three
in tents about the country, carrying hours Aboard the fame veffel came
fail.
their houfes about, like the antient l\'o- a Capigi, porter to the Bnffii of Caire,
mndes. I took being to
their advice, who gave me to underftand by means
meet with feveral bands of thofe barba- of a Jeiv, that he fhould be gl.id ro go
rous people in the w.iy I defign'd to with me, and to /hare what convcnicncy
Vol. IV. he D
lO A Vo^(\ê round the IVorld Book I.
q^^
(;iMii..i hp li.ul for liimfc-lt, ol^Vring nic money M\.\ letticc windows, of the tice beams
''"" it I lh)()il in nccil. Tho" I uiulcrdood lor houlci, and the fruit lerves for food.
^'^^^^''^thii to be .1 'T'liikijb coinpliiiienc for his The Ciipip very civilly bore nic lom-
own cnJs, I ti;ok no notice, but rcturn- pany to the Iraicb vicr-ronlul's lioulir,
ii! hiin tl):inlvs, biinj; in .i b.irb.iroiis where I took up my lodging, alter gi-
tountry, wIhtc Ir- aloiif couM liniire ti\e ving fome lew AL-Jiiioi lor tlu als. This
.iR.iinIt the inlc)lenry ot' tiie b.il'ell rab- is an /'"(;v/7/'(/// coin, worth about a Ro-
ble in nituve, tor tlic 'liit-ks are Is ir.iit Ihijoico, ten of which make a "Julio,
in roinp.iril'on of tlie /!r,il<s. '' v.orth more than l"ix-i>ence h.n<ilijh.
little
f-iî for a piece ot ei^lit hi' .lail or Riijil'cl, as the 'Ttah call
Rnfi-to, ^''''_' Je-
'"''''*'•
dftma, or boat, in whieii \ ,iy that it, was formerly Clivp.tirii'a moll bclo-
nii;ht for want of an inn. veil pl.icc of abode, l>ecatile (eated on
S,iti<r,lii\ tile Sth, we lit out at break the bank of the bell branch of the ri-
of ijay, but we hail iVarce fiilM 4 miles, ver /V;.V, ,ind the cafielf for conveying
when tlie olJ C.lHî began to be alraiii, the merchandi/e brought ftom the A/t'-
beeaufe the wiml blew lianl, anJ the fea iliir'n ,i)ii\in, and thence to /iUx.tiulria.
ran higii ; and tho' tiie firy, or marter All along this branch of the river as
enr()ura!',M him with <;ooii words, yet tar as (liiiiiil Ciiin; there lie above 500
he eould not Ihakc olt fear, but niaile villages, and fmall dwellings. This city
the boat return to llubu-r. 'I'hc Turks is but five miles from the ih\, the moutli
anil /trahi are very fe.irful of the moiitli of the river there, b<ing guarded liy an
of the A';/,', which is 5 miles below Ro- excellent calUe. As for the buildings,
f-to, becaule Hiiivs are often loll there, it looks more like a village, and the
from lea, ani.1 It i; become a
cominfj; in more becaule it is open without a wall,
proverb amonjj; them, Th.u he u:bo ftws yet ir may be counted very populous,
vol ill,- Boi;afi (To they call the mouth of as containing .il->.-,nt «oooo fouls, where-
Niir) fi-ttn not (iod. as /Hrxaiiilriii has not above i.ôoo. Its
We therefore refolv'ii to half go one circumference is fix miles, its figure al-
of the way by lea and the river, anil the mofl round. For three miles about it,
other half by la ml ; whereupon the info- there arc good orchards of lower fruits i
tl
lent Cnpigi, making the Rn or mafter cafHa trees, which are like the plane
b
return what he hail paid tor the boat, palms, and other forts, but planted with-
r'
which he ought not to have done, becaule out any order nor are the gardens di-
•,
til
the other had nor been in fault, he hir'd vided into alleys, thofe barb.irous |)eo- la
another at the fime rate to carry us as ple taking no care to make them delight- til
far as the villaa;e of E:bco. ful, as the Kuropt-tim i\o, which yet would
be
Beinp; alioard attain with a frclh gale, be very caly for them, by reafon of the by
when after three hours (ail, we came to goo inel's of the foil. an
the mouth of the bay ot Alcdiu, we had The Raznrof Rofeto is more light than' ni)
like to have been loll, the maft of the that of ylkxandr'n, aiid all cover'd with nil
boat cominu; by the board, and I was vines, producing delicious grapes, as arc //;
waflied from head to foot, with all my the belt houles, which have all pretty
manufcript. This mouth is made by the good gardens.
\\.\\, runninp; 20 miles into the land, like At Rofrto the Capigi gave me to un-
:i long deep lake, a 'Turk compar'd it to dcrlhind his defign, lending on Siiitday
the entrance rf St. Malo in Frniici' ; peo- the nth, to ask fome MrJin/is (.1 coin be-
ple that travel by land crofs it in a linall fore-mcntion'd) of me, which I fending
boat, but the entrance from the lea is him, and he perceiving how freely I
ilangerous. In this place it is ullial to gave, came himf'elf at noon to exact a
pay tour M<\ii>ios 'an Eg\piidii coin) a greater lum, making the interpreter mag-
lirad, but the authority of the Capigi nify the great lervice he had done me
tlear'd me. bv the way, proteding me ag.iinll the
Being come to Elhco, i miles from •; iiilolencies of the natives ; in fliort Ha-
ft, Biibin- and as fir from Rofcto, we took ting the accouiU after his own mind, he
the common convcniency of the country, requir'd what was not due to him ; and
and about lun-fet came to Rofdo, all a tho' he was conviifted of lying, yet he
iandy way, which produces no grafs, or handled his grey beard to gain credit to
any thing but palm-trees, and it is fo his impollure, as if it had been a known
difficult going, that I wonder it did not truth, ai.d therefore to avoid contend-
kill the adl's. (jenerally fpraking all ing with Turks, I ga\c him what hr
I'.g'fpl is of this nature, the natives ma- demanded. The vicc-conful told me,
king llveral ufes of this fort of trees, 'J'hat thofe people were not fiitisfied to
without loflng any p,-\rt for of the leaves -, have the charges of their journcv born,
they make baskets of the twigs cages. bv thofe that travel with tlicm, liut will
gcc
5i
i
;
Book I.
Ch \p.\l Of TUR K Y. II
prt by them, t'liikinj' the very blood, many miles it is from Rofi'to to Grand ('•iMtvtt
r tdoil. '^')y
imuh more the money of a Frank, for Ciii/Y, bccaule it is not gone by l.ind,
lie (om- but liime iT'koM Wc a'-'^'^'^
To they call the Kurufi.in chriftians. i-,o miles. h.ui
s lioult',
Haviiif!; ])aid the vice conful for my good voyage, the river being then at
altir gi-
iliet, an! maile the necellary provilion, fulled. Modern authors afligii two rca-
lls. 'iTiis
I eml)arkM witii a fervant on Moniliiy fons lor the inund.ition ; one is the con-
lit .1 Ro- Me- dant which in F.tlmp'ui begin with
rains,
the loth for Gr.tnd Cairr, alio in! a
;l yiilif),
(ti'ri, wicli a (Icrmitn l-);vicifi<tn father. /fpiil, and continue live months, the
l:nz,lijh.
This APtjfii is a large bo.it, with three othir the many l.ikes, pools, and river':,
'mis call /? ''"'Ic-
mads, anil as many lails, which carries in the lountry, whii h being fwell'd, eom-
a great hunlen, anti about an hundred municate their w.iters to the Nile. They
MiCll Otl
padingers ; but p'rfons of any quality fiy, the river begins to fwell when the
the ri-
pay fome final! matter more thm the fun enters Canrcr highed
I
\ it is in /lii-
invcying
common fare, and have a cover'd place g:il}, and declines
in fatning Sr!i,-inhci\
the Me- apart from the rabble, where F went the foil fuch a di-^,ree, that the huf-
to
txatulria.
commodioufly with the friar. The wind bandmen are torc'd very often to ()ua-
riviT as blowing Irefli, i.irryM us on briskly, lify it with land i were they not fo lloath-
ovo ôo always in fight of curious dwellings and fiil, th"" might g.irher two h.irvells in
I'his city meadows ; tor the A'/'/i- rendering the a year. 'J'he common maps divide tl'.e
If moiitli foil on botli fides delightful, and fruit- A';.V into fix branches, ,ind make the
\\ hy an ful in rice, corn, and fruit, cadly al- grcatcd of them to lun by /11,'xaiidria,
iiililings,
lures people to fettle their abode there In my time, I law none but the two
untl tlie
but efpecially the ifland formed by the hf-re mention'd. This mid.ike m.iy per-
t a wall, two arms ol the river between kofr/o hips proceed from the liveral cuts made
loimious, anvi Damiala, is the friiitfulled i" all from the Ni!i\ wlien it ovcrlkiws the
;, wlu-re- F.^\t</. country wiiich is a necellary evil, be
;
joo. Its 'Firll, we paHed by two village"!, and caule the upper F.nyii it never r.iins,
in
igurc al- after failing ten miles by Miriml'rl, fc.it- and in the lower, only three months in
alxnit it, on tiic ifland then by Miithiihni on the year, which are Dcccmkr, y,wuM-j
t'd ;
tT triiits i amion the lett, then and March.

the right, Di'lJin
he plane by Siimfiir on the right, and Figiir op- The lame wind continuing fiir for us,
itrd with- pofite to it, higher up by Riiiiihi on ap 1all our three fiils being fpiead, rho'
idcns lii- the left, and Zfudigon on the right, all tl vcflel crack'd, between noon ami fun-
;)iis pco- large towns on the river, not to men- letL.ng we run about lixty miles, leaving
uiclii^ht- tion other villages. Here, they I'.iy, the on the ri';lit /v.v, S,'!iii':h, M'ud.cuiraf.d
ct woulil bed Sri! Atnmiti'ta k in tlie world is dug, and Fd/ihb, and on the kit /Ilfiub, Siim-
n of tiie by rial<)n of the dampiiefs of the foil, gratb, and Mrcas, all gre.it towns. At
anil camels piA but this re.iliin is of
•, night the wind lell, and the A7.V which
Ifuht th.iri no weight, there being no want of ca- before ran high like the lia, grew cilm -,
ir'd witk mels througliout all /Iji.i, and yet no Sal fo that we made little way, but always
as are /tiiiwoiii(h k. in fight of wvll-ixopled vill.iges on the
|1 pretty This arm of the river we fpeak of, dioar. There were no crocodils to be
is about a qu.irter of an Ilnlian mile fccn, bccaule they never come down be-
to un- over, in fome pl.ice.s more, in fome lels j low Grand Cai>;\ tho' the water be one
Siiitiltiy the dream gliding fo gcnrly, that with or twc pikes length deep, which is not
Iroin be- two we run feven or eight
fiils .ibro.iil, lb at all times -, for in the winter the
Icmling miles an hour againil the current, fo voyage lads ( ight or ten days,
by rea-
Ifrcely I that it is delicious fiiliiig along it in good fon of the diallownels of the water, and
cx.irt 0, comp;iny. fometimes they are forced to li[;hten the
Icr nia-i;- p. The river A7.V, or Îhaiuhi (which in boats to go forw.ird, and the country-
[one me ^""the //I'iJJiitL' language dgnifies father of people life other i:iventioiis to water the
Prov.
jinll the rivers) or Tcuiii, as tiie Etblnp'uins call land.
'
lort lla-
i it, proceeds from two l.ikes, or pools, in The Ti/rl-i/j diet penance ; is f-ontinual
liml, he the kindom of dofam::, ful-.jccT: to the for the common even of thole liillcnance,
|n ; and emperor of .IhiJ/iaia, one of them call'd that are w: 11 to
lort of ill- pals, is a
yet he AV.V river. Ztimhrc, and the other Znir,\ whence made bread, girlick, onions, and iijur
K'dit to crolTing th.it kingdom, Ethiopiu, and curds J and if they have a little boil'd
known other countries, it runs down to ferti- mutton, it is a great fead among tliein.
)ntend- lize F.j^yri, and lofcs it felf at lad in Pullets and other fowl are utterly ba-
[hat lir the Mt-dilryr,t>iran. The water is mud- nidied the table, tho' in that co.intry
|d me, dy, but when lettlcd, very good to they are very cheap. The honed Capigi
iied t» ilrink. far'd no better ; bit a Ja/iizaiy his com-
born, The arm of the river we failM upon is panion, licing lefs fcrupiiloiis as to the
\ui will winding, fo that there is no knowing how obfer\ancc of the Jfroran, having fpy'd
a bottle
,11
1
12 y/ Voyage round the IForhl Book I.
Onm.i.r a bottli* of winr, I cirryV! for my own Ro/i'to, and the other to Djmiald. Wc
"""
L/^.'>J
nil',
inj; lor
foie
l)r>iu('lu
1
ill
it to
ink lAiiy moiiK'nt
to iMurc.ilc the
.1 lin.ill i|ii,intity,
little
•, aiul
lli.it
.i^k
tlicri-
rini.iiii-
c.ime CO
by
of
re.iliin
the
BuliU
of
aliirementioiud
hours alter night,
three
the time l|ient on aciouni
telfival. Here
I
cil, iirilcrc-il my icrv.int to jnit w.itiT to all the bo.its th.it come from the upper
it, anil by tlut nu'.ins was ililivn'il from /'ji,)Pt, /Ihxiiiidfiii, and Roicio, make a
the iniiiortuiiiiy ol the inliilrl, wlio at- Hop.
ti-rwarls dul not like It, laying, // u'.'i 'rhur/day the i {th, at break of ilay I
-Ux.ik. Vint aihoar, and liiw the country over-
The winii quite (cafinf;, on Tueftiu-j llow'd by the river, like .i le.i, l)eing
ilic I III), nine |nil()ns went allioar, anJ then out .it its full exttn:. I was told,
lialM tlie lioat alonjj; witii a rope, with- tli.it on l-ihLiy the ;th of ./n^n/l, the
out rowinî;, anil thus we pal.sM liy Sit! Hiilfa .itlenileii by .i gre.it retinue, per-
mo, tan\ous tor torn iliipp'il oil there ; formed the ceremony uleil every year,
i then we
h.iii on
Icl't .ib'ui
the riyht,
on the
witli other
left, ami Na-
linall vil-
of cutting the bank of a fmall brancli
of the Nili; call'd X.ilni, that the wa-
lages anil lorniM by the river in
illanils ter might run by new C,;/>v, enriching
forne plates. The lanJ, tho' nakeil ol the country, and rejoycing the hearts of
trees, was plow'il with oxen an bullalos. the /Iiabi, who judge whether they fhall
'J'he Aiahs love the llilli ol both, as have a good or b.id harvell by the .-.
alio nuitton, which is there large anil rifing of the waters at the A'ilojiopi; or 7>feph\
fat i the lliceps tails olten weighinj^ live mcafure ot the fwelling of the A'l/c, let
ral pounils, but it Mi- is tou(»h. Thele up in an ifland ne.ir old Ciiin: 'i'his
honu'tan:; eat a rii.ail Ibrt o( c.rain they ceremony varies every year 7 or 8 days,
have, which has the talk of a chelhur, •"'tording as the waters increale fooneror
MiixM with pari'h'il fitihcs. Liter, which Lving come to the heighth,
About noon the winil freflincil, anil a crycr proclaims it to iln; people. Ihc
we n\aile n-.ore way, but the winiling of A'/7i' at that lime appeai'd to me greater
the river made it much lon<;er. On tlu; than the Diiiiube \ what it is when lowcll,
rif^ht Hileof the river, I law abuniiancc 1 Ihall lay when I fee it.
ol trees like white mulberry-trrcs, which I laving taken my leave of the 7""'- >;
bore a fruit near the trunk like mcil- 7(iry, who Ihong wine, I fee out
lov'd J
lars, and Iweet-talUil, they call them for New Caire upon alles, and being
Ciiimmis, or Phuraol/s Jigs ; to cat them come thither, lodg'd at the houfe of the
tlic A>;il>s flafli them before they arc Iraiicifcans, in the quarter of the two
r
ripe, to let out the bail juice. When gates, being that of the ycncluim, call'd g
we c.ime to Chidforzi'iir, they tolil me, Hart. t.\
wc were half way. At fun-let we fountl found them at C(/;V,', celebrating the 9''"''
I ei
our lilves near the villages of Sicahul, fellival of Ii,iir,itn, which h.id been kept'"''"' t\
Nigiii, anil Comfiiriib, the wind being fair, the day betore in the vill.iges. There t\
vvhii h tho' it continu'd, yet the boat llay'd was a great number of people in the d<
at Tenami ; the Bey or mailer refufingto burying pl.ices, holding lights over the bi
GO any further on account of their great tombs of their dead iViends in the pub- •,
w
leftival callM Agirain Biiiram, or the fi- lick places, all perlons vy'd in olVering in
cr'fice to ALtbomct. lacrificts to their prophet, of oxen, geic V
4-.
Stopping at this \illage two hours af- goats, lambs, and fowls. Ucfides tlic
P
ter fun-rifing on H^rduffdus, till they had mutual invitations and treats, tiie multi- b
ended their hellifh ceremonies, I took tude diverted themlelves with beholding CI
notice of a great heap of earth, which eight children turning round upon a 01
they Nalron, dug out of a neigh-
call wheel. During days, they did cat
thele cr
bouring hill, which they told me was the Hedi of their horrid lacrifices, elpe- a I
fliipp'il o!V for Icveral parts of chriften- ciallyof the fowls, which are very cheap, b
dom, to whiten cloth, and take out as are the pigeons, whereof there is ;i tl
fpots. On the left fideof the river is a prodigious number in the dovecotes of I)
?!1
long fmdy hill, which runs as far as Gin>id all the villages. tl
C II ire. Having relkd my (elfin the lather's tl
IVedncfdds the 2th we continu'd our i houfe, after dinner, I liir'd two afTes, t.i
voyage, always in light of villages on and went with a friar to Old dure, crof-01JC.v«j tl
both fides, and within lew ol Mciiuj\ a fing the NeiL, for the Ipace of two miles w
great city fix miles up the land, on the and a half, anil as f.ir over the fields. t(
right of the illand. About fun-fet we Here alto I lodg'd at the I'rdwifcans ;
palVd by Diilaf and Nixas, a village then I went to vilit the church of the f.i
where the NUe divides it felf into Cri\li>ii, biiilr within the fort, to let; b!
two branches, the one running towards the arm ol' .St. (itorgc kept there in a ir
chappie.
\\\
Book I. Chap. IV. 0/ TURK Y. '3
itii. Wc chapp< !. The
rhurrh has nothing great, fledthe cruelty of ffirml. This ii with- OtMiin
''""
;L-r niglic, .-iml the eatllca dark prilbn. is I'hcy in the church of theC''>//;i i goingiloun
'^'^'^
t\ account Ciy it bclongM to thr anticnt Copii, or nine Heps, ncir the lett fide of the
I. I lire cirriinuib'il jxrople, as did another ad- choir, fupported by three pillars on the
tlir iipjicr joyning to it, deftroyM by tho Turki. right, and tour on the left, which m.ikc
inuKc a Thcli- Copii, they fiy, were mailers of three little partitions. In themidillemoil,
the country. The wretched remains of about four Ijians Irom the f^round, they
(it (lay I them, are Hill to be (ecii in a particular Diow a hollow in the wall, where our
try ovcr- Suarter ; but joining to Olil Caire, where lady lay with her infant. In the apart-
a, iK-iiijj \ey have hvc c/iurthes, lay mats after ment on the right, is the pine where
was ttilil, 4 their tnanncr, obey their I'chifmatick pa- St. Jojepb lay, and in the hollow ot the
•giijt, the triarch, and conlequently enemies
arc wall on the \\.',f, another little plue,
inuc, ptr- to catholicks. They lead an aulUrc where at lirll ou.* (aviour relied, when
cry yt'ar, and wretched lite, feeding only on brcaij he came into the grot. Tlierc is aN
II hrancli and water, or at bell on herbs and fo a llonc, on which they fay, the
I the wa- pulle. blclled virgin walh'd, and a done table
inriehiny Old Cain', leat?d on the right fulc of on which tlicy eat i they alio IliewM mc
'
hearts of the branch of the A'l/c, is almoll difin- n great |)iecc of ti nher and a n.iil, wlii.li
tiify Ihall hahited, there being not above 3000 they fdd was of Noah\ a;';. I wer.t td
II l)y the fouls in it, and it h dreadful to
iu lee fee the Creek church behind it, wj-.ich is
ifcopi; or Jt/ffi>'t ruins Icattcr'd in all parts. Jofi/'b'i gra- not large, and has but one altir h tlie
A'i/c. fi-t |fiiuri«. narics which are there, are about a mile choir, near which afcenJinj; ci.'.'K llej)s,
in; This in compafs, with a wall that doles them in the higii part of t!it wail is t!ic I^Mt
or S ilays, in. They are divided into fourteen large of their patriircli. .At tliis alt.ir the
: looniTor Iquarcs, which corn is laid up at thj''
in filcdi lay mats, i.i the ol I L^s/tiaii lan-
L- licijjhth, time in the open air, b'-'""'*- f'tlier it gua<,o, wher-of t'ley und.ntind little
The does not rain i- t^gy!', or but a tew or notliing, they are li) i 'iioiant. Not
>l'k'.
me j>icat('r fmall diops. far of is the font, m.ide like a wj!!, in-
iicn lowell, The father fuperior of the houfe, and to which they let ilown i!ie water, bap-
another liither his companion, botli Spa- ti/.ing the females cij^hty d lys attjr t!iey
the Jniii- ftiiirJst carry'd me to lee the place where arc born, and the i.i.iles forty, and
I fee out Mofes was found tUiating on the A'/Zer Ibmetime alter they t'rcumcile tiiem
and bcirif^ in .A by Phaniob's daughter 1
basket, both.
lufe ot the the royal palace then Handing near that H iving heard mifs, I morintcil my aft
|f the two place i
is a Mofque, with
at prefent tticre to go home with the two S'anijlj fahers.
am, tall'd gardens of pleafurc. Not
and houfes By the way I oblerv'd, tlut Oil Cain
iir from it is the iflanil before-mention- in former ages was a great city, its ru-
.uincthcf?'-"'' ed, where they meafure the increate of ins extcuvlino; many miles in coiip.ils.
bccnTccpt'""^'' the Nile. Along the banks of Caire, I alio took notice of the aqu-d.icls,
There there is always a number of boats loa- which convey the water of A//;- into the
in the den with corn, much better than ours, Rajfa's callle, ilrawn with engines out
over the brought from the kingdom of Seyl, of the flream, as of a wondert"ul thing,
the i)iib- which llgnifies happy country, belong- as well becaufe of the height of the ar-
otlcrinjr ing to an Arabian Mahometan prince, ches, as for the dillance of three miles.
)xcn, gelt tributary to the Great Turk. Thefe boats Then we met part of the /i.iffa's reti-
(kk's the perform their voyage in twenty two days, nue, going towilh a good t.-atl to a lord
le iinilti- but with fome trouble, becaufe of the of Olil Caire, beating tour drums, and
lehoKhng crocodils. Oppollte to this great city, before them two Derviees, or Mab'yine-
u[ion a on the left fi.le of the Nile, is another tan religious men, with t.heir conical
-y tiki cat cali'd Ciza, tiie head ot a government, caps on their heads. But the bell was
cs, cl'pe- and fimous for the houfes of pleafurc, to fee a Santone of tlieirs, that is r.nother
y el leap, built tiiere by the Mamnluke princes. In fort of rcligiou men, naked, wiiii a c.p
R-rc is a the villages about Caire, the Arabs ulual- on head ma.le o." fever.il ra';~, .ind \
his
ecotcs ot" ly hatch egT;s in fourteen days, placing half coat on his back, and ho.v tho.'e
them in a room, and making a fire in barbarians ran in crowds to p;;v tiieir
lather's the middle 1 during which
they time, refpecls to him ; fo that wlut tor t!\e
wo affes, take care to turn them now and then, lolemnity and this concourfe we could
liiY, crol-OlJC.'/rtj that they may receive fufficient he.it. I not go on, and were forc'd to take ma-
wo miles would have gone to fee this, but was ny aiiVonts from the rabS!", to favc be-
he liclds. told they did it in Lent. ing badinado'd for anl'wering. After
uici/fnus i
Afterwards went with the aforefaid
I fome flop, becaufe of the narrounefs of
h ot the fathers into the holy houfe, in which the the llreets, one of the fervants flep'd
to tec blelTed virgin dwelt fevcn years, with the forward, and taking one of the fathers
icrc in a infmt Jefi^s, and St. Jofeph, when they by the hood, had like to have pull'd him
chappie. Vou iv. E down
I, -^ Voyage round the World. 3^«0K I.
Ch
Cemei.i.1 down to the ground ; and at t)ic ("imc that I might dowith more Tifety.
it
''"''J- time reviling the other, liccaufe lie had The lidil conful lending me tlie Janizary
"^"^
t^^^x-NJ
'.Ihttlc tiog in liis hand, faying. One on Sdlurday the 15th in the morning,
(kg cjn-y\l As I was going by
aiiol'Jci: we mounteil two alTcs, and kept Hill
1 oliterv'd, an Jnih made a Ihcw
thit clofe going .ound, only lle}>ping atuie
as it lie would llrikc nic witli a long in tome ji-trts becaull' of the ruins. AVe
ilalf over the head (tor there the lervants lelt behind us the aqueihuHs, and came
carry cudgels, and the mailers clubs lliod to the callle, which is commanded by x
with iron, hanging at the pummel of hill eallof it, whence it might foon be
their laddie) anil he had certainly done deftroy'd by reafon of the weak net's of
it, but that a MabomclaH chritlian held its walls and towers. For many miles
him v therefore the danger making me about in feveral parts, are the burying-
more cautious, I took olf my hood that places of the Turks, with MoJiua in them,
was fo odious to thole barbaiians. and tombs tor pcrtbns of note, rais'd on
The Ttirkijh tellival continu'il Fr!,l,iy four pillars, with a covering over, after
Fclliv.ll,
the 14th, abuntlance of cattle and fowl the manner of a cupol.i. W'e went about
being continually Haughter'd, whofe Hedi it in two hours and a half, fo that con-
the catholicks do not eat, becaufe ot the fidcring the time, and tlic fwit'tnefs of
fupcrllition usM in facrificing of it, antl thole Cairc in my opinion may-
affes,
ther( tore tliey provide tome time before. be about ten miles in compals. Now
During this three days teitival (which let the judiiious reader make his own
comes eleven days fooner every year) computation, and confulcr whether thac
abundance of ylrubian men of note ap- circumference cm contain five millions
pear'd mounteil on good horles (which of people, for I will only add that the
Ij I
is not allow'd to cliriltians) who iiic obli- fbreeis arc very narrow, and twenty or
ged to alight when they meet with or thirty {.crCnq live in a fmall houfe, as
pals by any officers of jufticc. The Ja- alio that we do niu i«,|,ide in this lom-
mzaries at the fame time exercife their pats /)«/,(</', OUCaire, and tlK fuburbs.
weapons in their (everal qu.irters. Other The hollies of this metrcjpolis are not
vagabonds with bottles in their haniis cmlx-lliOi'd with marble, or built with
fprinkle thofe that pals by with role- Irce-llone, but with bricks ill burnt, and
water, to get moiiey of them, l-'rom the mud without any magnificence. Only-
window I law eight women in masks go two gates of thecity towards the call,
hy, crying out as if they had been pof- which are fliutup, have tome ornament
iefs'd by the devil. was told this was
I of marble. In other rel'pee'ls it may be
%
the fign of a wedding, and that they call'd magazine ot the moll v.iluable
a
went about inviting the kindred ot the commodities brought by the A-;-/;,fw,
bride and bridegroom. cfpccially along the canal of 1 1 jit, and of
C.iirc, by I'onie call'd A/(V«//j/.s, which all things necetlary for the Ibj-i-ortuf hu-
others will have to be Babylon, is feat- man life V flefli, fill), fruit, bie.i.l, anil
cd in the latitude of 29 deg. 50 min. other things being told tliere at a very
near the right-hand bank of Iîlc. It was low rate ; inlbrnuch that tor tlie value of
very flourifhing whilll it had Sultans and a Carlinc of Naples (which is about fix-
kings of its own ; and from that time pence) a man may make a plentiful tn-
has ever ileclin'd for i6o years p.ift, tertainmcnt.
fince it has been under the dominion of To return to what we were faying, this
the 'Turkijh emperors, who fend thither conceit of lb many millions has been pro-
a R-iffa in the nature of a viceroy. This ducM by the fime of tiie ancient anil
great city was built triangular, and tho' vail city of Cai-c, which they will per-
the iic.id of the lower Egs]!, is not peo- J'wade us confuted of five feveral cities,
pled as formerly ; nor fuch as fome now yet not divided, the one beginning where
pretend it to be, confilling of 2400 the other ended, like the links ol a ch.iin,
I or wartis, and as m.my Alofqua \
cjuartcrs which are all dillincl, but not divilcd.
tor the plague which continually inteiVs Tlie pro[)hct Jfaiah, ib ij>. x'tx, l"pcal.ing
that country, h.is left it void of inhabi- of them, call'd one the city of the .Sui/y
Mil,
Bii;ncfs oftants and tho' the millloncrs and Frauh
; which w.xs the chielelt, becaul'e there
1l Ctiire. merchants told me. That as it now is, it perhaps king Pbantob reliJed. Ot thi^
contains five millions of tbuls, I will not there appears no other tooiUeps and re-
be taken for their voucher, tor I never mains but only an Obr.'i.'k, and fome few
counted them, and the reader may be- ruins, the very name being loll, an. rhi»
I
lieve he pleaies ; I fliall only .add,

as now call'd Mafaria. Hut there coniinues;
that this report inflaming my curiofity, a tr.idition, convey'>l from the cliriilMii.i»
I refolv'd to furround it, and ilefir'd the to the Tjirks th'-nitelves, that the blodeil
I'lencb conl'ul to procure me a Janiiaryf virgin palling this way witii her inllim,
relied
u
3
Book I. Chap. IV 0/TURK Y. 15
reftcd under a tree, which flood there till which there were two great Mofqiies, CcMrLU
our times, but iifterwards was remov'd, about it good fliops, and mounteLdnk'-. ''''>v
as well on account of the ChrKtians devo- in the middle. Two gates at the (n '-'^'"NJ
tion, as for the Infidels fikc ; as I was of this place led into the caflle. WiTIicCa-
told by the father Ciijlos ot the houfc of entred at that on the riglit iiand, and "•'•
the l-'raiicifcaiii, who lliew'd mc a great pairing through three others, fiwaround
jiiece of the wood of it in the choir of nigh wall, like the Cupola of a church,
their church. but open at the top, where tliey told
The I'econd city was call'd Aainls, me was the Divan, or tribunal where
which was the fame that Pharaoh gave to Jofeph gave audience ; there is nothing
"Jofeph and his faniil;'. The third was clfe valuable but only 38 large and higfi
jViij'rhi, built by Mffrin Ton to Ham, and pillars of marble. Going further up
crandfon to Noah. The fourth was call'd from this court, througli two other
BiihrW.on, built in honour of and nam'd pr ticos, I went into a plain tiiuare,
by an idol call'd Jbrilloii, whofe temple oppofite to which there are two gates,
was near Old Cain; and at preient there tliat lead into another court, througli
is a chrillian church in the place. The which they go to tlie where the
tower,
fifth WAsMf/njhis, dtlboy'd by the Ma- publick trcafijre is kept for the pay of
bomctdiii, under the emperor Ilcraclius, 40000 Jaitizarics, that are e\'er to be in
and allerwatds rebuilt by the name ot Tef- the kingdom. They fuller no man to
(iar, that is victory, now Old Caire. go into it, nor into tlie a])artments of
The new one, as we were laying, has the Aâ of
the Janizaries ami the Baffa,
nothing of the greatnefs or magnihcence which are ailjoining to tlic fame place.
of the old (which accoriiiiig to the tra- Having oKrainM leave, at the price of
ditions we have, conlilled of the afoi-» a Zeahine, of the Bajfa, to fee Jofeph's
laid cities) being Ijiiilt, j' '^ leported by well ; wc went out again at the two .7 '''•.•/
'a
Kibara, the "ife ot a Saracen king, gates, and going up a way on the ^''"•
left
from whole name it was afterwards cor- hand, m the higliell groum.1 of tlie
ca-
ruptly call'd Cairr, through the Igno- llle caftward, found four oxen near the
rancc of tile people. well, which turning a wheel, lirew up
Muillrt tlie 1-h'ihh confii), a pcrfon of the water with ropes ot a vail length
known virtue, antl born in Champagne, in earthen vcni-ls. I went down with a
feveral times olTer'd me lodging ai.d diet light, to the firfl landing place on fleps
inills lioufe, which at firll I civilly refus'd; alt cut out of the rock ; there I found
but lie repeating it two or three times with four othi-T oxen,two whereof by turns
valuable tokens of aP.ection, I accepted of it, and work'd about the engine to draw up the
began that flmie Saturday to partake of water from the bottom of the well in-
,'i, .uk! of his kindnels at a plentiful table. In the to a ciltern, made for that purpofe in
lit of lui- afternoon law a dead body carry'd by,
I that place, whence tlie oxen above af-
M.l, atul on a liigl\ bier, and feveral prielh went terwards drew it up. I cau;.'d a iigl.tcd
a very by (inging, and women howling. They torch to be tlirown in, to obferve the
v.tluc ot lay, tliat upon the like occafions, thofe depth, and after it rotds to mealLuc
'
bout fix- that are well to pals kill cows, llieep and it. By what I could [lerccive, it li.is
;ntitul ca- Iambs, and give tlie llelli to the poor. Nor two even fides, but it is not ijiiite Iquare,
llioukl this feem ftrange, (inee !'o much two fides Ijeing of 22 foot each, and
ing, tills charity is pracii>'d there towards birds, the other two of 15. As for tlie depth,
been pro- to wliom at Caire a certain quantity of it is 141 foot from the mouth to that
itiu .mil corn is given ilaily upon a tower, being rctling place, where the leennd oxen
will ptr- a legacy left them by a Alabomitan. were, and as many more to ilic 1] ring,
'
1 citif-;, Sm.'day tlie idtli, in the morning, I went being in' "
all iS2 foot. Tlie llcp-
'r "in
ng where to fee the caflle, which is in the highefl many places are worn out, and in or'iers
ii cli.iiii, part of the city, taking along w itli mc clogg'd with dirt, by the continual go-
liivi led. the two Freiuh f.ithcrs, the Jcicijh ining up and down of oxea ; and for tiie
rj>e,i!.in;j; and the liime Ja)!izary. Being
terpreter, mofl part they are uneven and broken,
S,>j, all mounted on lufly afVes, we began and therefore lia\'ing begun to lounc
al there to rile through the city, followM by thu.., I forbore coiuiiuiing ti\it trou-
Ot this the infolent feoffs of the Arabs, who ble; however tluMc may be a'-out 1^4
,inJ rc- now and then pull'd the fithers by tlteir fteps down to the firll relli' place,
g
'oine lew cloaks. Afier pafling by feveral Bazars l-'rom the lei ond. oxen to tlic Ipritig, it
a:i.! rhii^ or markets, we came into a wide llreet, isno wider than for tlie wheel of tfi"' en-
ontiiiiies which is rare in Caire ; and in which gine, and meafuring it, I foun tv.o fides I
hiiili.iiis there were good houles and Moffues, of twelve foot, au'l the ot ,er two of
e bloflL-a Then into a large place twice as big as four. The moll woi\'erl\il t.iitig in this
r iiilliiu, the brcidth of the calUc of NaÛi, in work, is its being cut uuc of a hard rock,
rttlcJ not
i
i6 A Voyage round the World, Book I,
Ch
GiMtiiinot only the well, but the fteps to go gilt after the falhion of the country,
'^93' down to it, which in fome places are with very fine Pcrfian carpets on the
7
'-^''^f^Dot in length, in others five. The wall ground. In the court which was very
between the ftairs and the well is fix large, there were beautiful deer and wikl
inches over, or little more. Some liiy, goats grazing.
this well was made by Jofeph the Sultan; Thence we went to fee the Admiral's
and their rcafon is, becaufe tliere was no palace, who is fuperintendent of the Ca-
fiich city in the time of the other Jofepk, ravan of Mecca, and was at that time
whole it is generally believed. However abroad with it, which cor'ifted of above
it is, if the mofl received opinion be true, (loooo pilgrims, an limploynicnt that
it was dug about the year of the world yeikis about 100000 cr.)wr.s; for the
2298, after the flood 642, and before gr.ind feignior allows 1000 Zecchines a
the coming of Chrift 1606, from vt-hich day whillT the journey lafts. The court
time to this year is %t,<)^ years. Coming before this palace was larger than the
out of the well, I went to divert my other ; in tiie midft of it, uniler a large
dimm'd fight by the river of the city, white mulberry-tree, was a Sojfa to take
which is all difcovcr'd from the caftle the air ; there was alio a white goat
and to enjoy the noble profpeft of an in- of Mecca, beautiful nough to bclioKI,
finite number of ftately Mofques, and fome with hair as loft as filk. The goats
fquares, and particularly a large plain of Grand Caire differ very much from
in the midlt r\ the city, cover'd with them, for they have cars like a hound,
the waters of the Xalic. and hair like a grey-hound ; tiie I'rencb
The caftle we fpcalc of, is a litdc for their beauty carry them into France.
city,about three or four milca in <-nm. Here, 1 know not for what reafon, they
pafs ; but as to the fortification, there WouKi nor allow us to fee the lodgings
is none modern, that can make any lor^ and therefore not m keep the conful ia
defence. The towers are old, and the fufpence, who expeded mo to dinner,
walls ruin'd in many places, ard with- with all the religious of tlie French lioufe,
out the neceffary cannon v fo that a few I return'd home.
ihot would lay it level. I fhould ra- Monday the 17th, I went betimes four
ther call it a heap of diforderly houfes, leagues from Caire eaftward, to fee an
than a regular fort. Obelisk ftanding in the place calj'd la Ma-
At my return I met a bier, on which teria, garden call'd the garden of £al-
in a
was a green covering, or pall held up fam : Within it is a fountain, at which

at the four corners by four Mahometan there is a tradition that tlie bleflt'd virgin
priefts, carrying as many banners of the relied, when fhe came into Ai;v// witii
lame colour in their hands. I asking the infant Jefus and St. Jofeph, in the
the queftion, thty told me that was the fhade of a great tree that was hard by,
covering or pall of a tomb of one of which was long preferv'd through devo-
their Santones, or religious men, which tion, as was faid above.
they carry'd about to beg alms. Not far from this garden, flood for-
P.ihcej. Being defirous to fee fome palace of merly the antient Nicrapolis, or city of
any one of the great men of the city, the iLin ; the firfl the divine fun of jullice
the interpreter conduced me to that of enlightncd by his prefence, wlicn he
Voyage
Ibrahim Beg ; but the owner of it, who cntred Egypt. I faw fome remains of up the
then commanded in the ifland of Can- its antiquity, particularly the abovemen- Kill.
dia being abfent, we faw only a part of tion'd Obelisk, which is three foot and a
it. His fteward receiv'd us courteouf- half in breadth, and 58 in height, with
ly in the gallery, giving us cofiee, fher- I/ieroglyhicks cut on all the fc r fides, as
bet, and tobacco to fmoak. A ftair- may appear by the following cut.
cafe on the left hand of the entrance,
all cover'd with vines, form'd in the See Cut Number II.
nature of Pyramuh, led to tiiis gallery ;
where was the Soffa, cover'd witli mats Returning a good pace on our afTcs
and was that in a room
fine carpets, as towanis the city, I came in time 10 fee
adjoyning, and in both of them abun- the entry of the y^ga ILimet, who
dance ol^ cufhions to fit down after the brought the Bajpi a prefent of boots,
caftern manner. I was willing to fpend fiddle, and breeches from tlie gran;!
fome time in the firft gallery, to enjoy feignior, which denotes, that he is (bon
the cool and the profpeft of tlie
air, to depart, and anotiier fucwed him in
court and garden, which was fet out the government. The ceremony was after
with vines, ciprefs, palm, orange, and this manner. The /Iga was firlt receiv'd
other forts of trees. Next I fiw fome in a garden without the city by the Chia-
very good rooms, curioufly painccd and la, lieutenant, or deputy of the Bajfa,
who
Book I.
Chap.V. 0/ TURK Y. 17
who they fiiid, was a crafty knave
; and toman emperor's letter on his breaft, and GEMei.ii
having ftay'd there a few days to furnifh the Chiaga, and after them two other '''Oj-
himfelf with neceiliiries, he afterwards troops of horfe, like the tirft, clad in^-^'*^''^
made his folemn entry. Before him went red, and marching two and two, fome
little drums and trumpets, after the coun- of them having clubs hanging on their
try fafliion, beaten and founded by men backs, cas'd at tiie end with filver, to
on horfe-back, and 200 foldiers well clad denote they were officers. All this com-
and mounted. Then foUow'd two Per- pany went to the caftle, where the Bnj[f,i
fons, one of whom carry'd the fcimitar, expedled them, and thus the folemnity
the other on the leti, in a bafon cover'd ended.
withfilk, the breeches of red cloth, call'd We return'd home through the mar-
ftutf, and the boots 1 after them fol- ket-place of Enaxin, or of brafs, and o-
low'd 100 Janizaries on foot, well clad ther Bazars, where we faw rich fliops of
in green and red cloth, with their great feveral forts of rarities, brought tliithcr
wide caps hanging down on their backs, to fell from feveral parts of the world
held up on the fore-head by a filver and befides in the city, there are excel-
plate a fpan long, curioiidy wrought. lent fiik weavers, who weave curious chin
Laftly came the J^ga, carrying the Ot- filks for the ufe of the country.
C HA P. V.
^ Account of what the Fathers James Albani, and Jofeph Mary of Jeru/li-
lem, Francifcans, and Miffionersy^'W /« their Travels in the upper Egj'pt,
or Thebaida.
T being rare in Europi to mee<: with

kingdoms
are flill many ruins of former build
I any good accounts of
and countries of Africk,
the
I thought it
ings
cttf:
1 at prefcnt the Arabs call it Benif
Abulfede believes here Hood a fa-
would be acceptable to the reader, to mous temple of Mercury, embracing a
give him a relation, which is not my ftatue of Venus, and that it flood un-
own, but deliver'd by F. James Albani, der the government of the Greeks, but
and F. Jofeph Mar-j of Jerufalem, born was afterwards deftroy'd by the Maho-
in Pali'jtine, and bred up at Rome, both metans, when they came into Eg\/-t.
mifTioners to Grand Caire in the upper Advancing further,' they came to the
E^ypt, to whom full credit may be gi- village call'd Habfclnarab : Near to
\tu„i,-,ii,„,
ve'n, becaufe they either faw what they is the city Bebnefe, built by an antient r^« ci:j'.
write with their own eyes, or elfe they Abagus, or phiJofopher, call'ti Bebiies.
learn'd it from the Arabs, of whofe lan- Without it is a well made by one ^0^0-
guap;c they are abfolute mafters. es, a notabit magician, to difcover the
Thefc religious men fet out from increafe of Nile ; it is now call'd Bir-El-
Grand with the prefident of the
Caire, giernus, that is, Rogoe's well. The na-
Hofpitium, or houfe of the Francifcans, tives believe, that on the fifteenth of
Voyage on the vth of May 1 69 1 towards Bulac, June at night, there falls in that place
up the a city but two miles from Caire weft- a dew call'd Boilaa, or dropping, ^ notable
Kile. ward, which they fiy, was built by one through the mterrelTion of St. Michael W'M.
Polo, tiiere look'd upon as a god. It the arch-angel, lent that night by
is abouttwo miles in length, one in God to ftir and blcfs the river i and
breadth, and contains above 50000 fouls; they are the more confirm'd in this opi-
is featcd on the river Nile, and there "'on, becaufe they fee the river fwcll
being nothing remarkable in it, the froii that time forward: For this rca-
fathers after a fliort ftay, took boat to for the Copli chriftians throughout the
profecute their voyage. About night- k.iigdom, celebrate the feaft of Si. Mi-
fill, they came to a place call'd Cber- chael with great folemnity, in their way ;
calfib, or Crifopolis ; but the wind be- the ceremoney is thus : On the fourteenth
ing fair they would not ftop there, (b at night, their bifhops, and the Cadi of
I that about break of day the 5th, they the country go thither, and flop up,
were near Buffic, a very anticnt city, and feal the well. The next morning
10 is (bon formerly call'd Olfos in the Coptan lan- the bifhop having faid mafs, they again
xl I'.im in guage, fignifying a high place. At go to open it, to mcafure the water,
y was after night they came to IlermopoHs, which and by the greater or lefs incre.ifc of it,
11 ri'cciv'd ill the Greek impt ,is the city of Mercu- they judge of what there will be in the
the Chia- ry, antiently the grcateft on the bor- Nile, and confequently of the plenty,
lie Jii'ffa, ders of the lower Thebaida, where there or fcarcity of the year. This Magician
wiio Vol. IV. F we
i8 A Voya^ round the World. Book I.
Ch^
Gemelui
cily.
1 :>
i! f'?
1
If
Book I. Chap. V. 0/ TURK Y. '9
rds inii/'M, B.' of anotlier dreadful mountain, under houfe of a chriftian, whither many other GeMtn-t
itcd by u.itn,/, .md
which is tlie city Labia. Ten miles from chrill' ins of the country came, very de- '^3-
n feve- ''*'''"""
cM'd firous to be inltrufted, and therefore
'"'^'^
it is another deltroy'd, Benavirt,
liicli in- propos'd feveral doubts concerning the
which in the Copli language fignifics, houfe
. minds of tiie (lars, becaufe the inhabitants wor- catholick rites, the Roman church, and
k here, fliip'd the liars. Proceeding further they the pope. They remain'd very well plea-
came to the anticnt city Fuit, in the Copli fed and convinced by the difcreet an-
S a city Marrof,-.-
language called Saiipi, and in the Gn-ek f'wers of thofe religious men, who were
iOuntain''''^ci'y- its an- well vers'd in their language ; laying,
C^'ocndilopo/is, the vaft ruins tellify
'I Moun- ticnt greatnels. they had never heard fuch found do-
i/ia-bar- 'A;h-nim After many fullcrings anil iiardlhips, drine ; and not having feen fuch a ha-
tlwt the »nJ AfnU: (-Ijj. fathers arriv'd by the
at Achmim, bit before, they were never fitisfy'd with
'""^'
callM Oxyriiigus, a city of tiie mid-
ri">r,{-j beholding it. F. Jnfcpb being in a rhri-
dle 'rbehiiida, anticntly a bifhoprick, as flian's houle, and /•'. Jama without, the
may ajjpcar by tiie afts of the council officers came to apprehend F. James,
>n II vail of CoHlliiHl'tnoplc, Dorolhaus of
bifhop on account of the tribute, /•'. Jofepb re-
itcd by this place lubfcribing to it. This was prov'd them, but it avaii'd nothing •,
: Rill to the iecond city built in i'gyft, by the but when he was gone half way, he was
,vo other philofopher Hermes, in the ealtern defert. rcfcu'd by feme chrillians of the coun-
of tlic 'J'lit'Mce they went to another call'd Aji- try.
r Sciolbi olb, antient as the other ; its bifliops Co- They continu'd at Grege till the 20th ''•"•./" ariil
ntiquitifs and Andiew having been prefent

lo/irius o\' May, and on the 21ft, ihe^'"'"'''""
letting out
he fun is at the council of Calccdon. Mere they fame chrillian furn.'ni'd them with all'°'"'-
ve much found tiie latitude to be 26deg. 4 min. neccrtarics tor their journey, and bore
journey ;: Ten miles from this city the fathers en- them company to the boat ; but finding
es, who s' tied into a long valley, where there are it was gone, gave them two alTes, and
iidcr the caves, and little monalteu son the moun- made two of iiis fervants conduft them
tains, in which tiiere once liv'd holy, to Pardis, fix miles diffant. At Pardis
Abntifib, Jhritiicb religious men, and which ilir up devo- they took boat, and letting forward with
e are ma- ciiy.
tion in the molt lôny hearts. Here a fu'r wind, came to the town of Elbe-
he bifliop they flay'd two days and a night to vifit liani, where the maftcr of the velTel
:ouncil of them, and admire the narrow dormito- flay'd to mend it. Sailing thence and.
ries and fm.ili cells cut out of the hard coming to the illand of the river, they
\iabcl-cJfj-Ci,ihrl- rock. Then they travel'd nine miles along law a crocodile fix or liven fidom lonw;
( negro- '/'^''"' the valley, and law a fpring gufli out of At night tliev came to the toot of wild
'"''"'"'"•
of the the folid rock, which is call'd of the Abif- mountam, where they were
cali'd KItareg,
thf peo- ftm holy hermitage in p;ill
Alofcs, a forced to continue that night for want of
to ofler ff' ages. Hence they advanc'd 'îglueen miles wind.
nd made ?: further afoot, and found a lake they call'd The next morning, being the 2 2d,
(i« man- Bir:hd-Elb.w, lurrounded with pleafant they advanced to the other little ifland,
ds of a trees, where there were alio fundry caves, where they found two othei frightful
be fcen hermitages, and folitary dwellings, fome crocodils, and continuing their voyage
tiie en- whereof run a t]uarter of a mile into the under dreadful mountains altogether un-
ihins be- rock. The biggefl: cave had a large peopled. Hill met with more crocodils.
nder it, entrance, adorn'd witii crolTes, and other About night-fall they ftop'd at a place,
ftcn cn- devout works. Thefe holy places draw where one Jofepb was head of the Arabs.
in vain, tears from the them ferve
faithful, feeing Their provilion being quite fpcnt, they
a cave, as receptacles to infamous filtliy men, ad- ftay'd the i},A at a town callJd Difn'e, Dif,:i
, viper, dicted to negromancy. and fent a Turk to buy a Mediae, that town,
winds it i0.>!>;it)Ji! The fathers returning to the entrance is about fix-penniworth of bread ; but
rks that Vul Ore^cQ^ tiie vale, voyage,
profecuted their finding none they went away fitting.
cfteeni
"" and advancing fome time weftward,
after Some Arabs coming along the road to
m any a.riv'tl at the city Mafc'ia, in former times plunder them, they put them to flight
n otlier call'd Nidopolis, where there are many with their Ihouts.
fcvcral anticnt monarteries, and other llruftures Next they came to the anticnt city D.^n.i.n.t
[s, and to be fcen, now ruin'd. (loing forwards Dandara, being the third built by ficr- "î'-
ihc dc- they came to the city Gyi'gi:, but before 7nes the philolbpher, in which was a mag-
icve it. tliey arriv'd at it, they law the air co- nificent temple, with many flatues, and
s (tooil vered with lorulls, as big as wheat-ears, (lately ftrudtures all ruin'd. Pallnig
vcning, which come from Nubia, and do much thence, they came to Caaiie or Berieon €..•,:':/, or
^lacc ill harm in the country. Grrê is tcfi miles in the mi<.ldle fbebaida, three miles from i'f'^'"''-
from the Nili; for whidi reafon they whence the Fgsptinris had a port on the
lor want were forced to travel by land on camels. Red Sea, now call'd Cbofeir, whence in
^•'' ''
''"' ''
\\k foot Here the fathers wore entertuiti'd in the Phai-itob's time they traded to India, and '^"^
ot part
20 A Voyage round the World Book I. Ch
CfMEi.!.i pjrtof Arabia. There they lay thiit advantage \ and now all the Indi.in, Ara-
'693 night in great tear, beciule three rob- bian, and Ethiopi.in commodities brought
^-^^'^^bers came fwimming, and fifteen upon up the Arabian gulph, are conveyed to
the land to clap another boat aboard Coptus, the mart of thefe goods. Not far
theirs, but they kept them off ns tiicy y>c/;« Berenice, is the port of Murh, which
had done the others with their (hoiits. city has an arfenal, or place fur building
On the 24th the mafter of the boat of fhips. Not far from Coptus is the city
went about to gather his padiigc-money, of Apollo ; fo that there are two cities,
and th'j fathers being Hill aboard, the which fmt up the Illhmus on both fides \
iudge of the country came with an offi- but Coptus and the port of Muris are now
cer, to enquire who they were, and what the chief. The bilhop of this city of Cop-
they went about. He feeing a difiercnt tus went to the council of Ephefus, as
fort of garment, fufpedcd they were may ippcar by its ads.

religious men, and therefore would not Proceeding on their way, the boat was Km, nr
be pacity'd, faying, they were Franks forc'd to ftop till midnight for want of-'""*"''*"'
that came as fpies, whillt their Sullan wind, in a difmal uncouth place i bu:*""*"
was making to great a llaughter of Turks. the wind coming up f\ir again, they
The fathers pleaded the bell they could ; went on, arriving at lafl, after many fuf-
but the judge rtill replying, that they f brings at the city Kno, or Cosborbir,
were come in that habit to carry on which they fay was Apollo's city, and
their deceits , ordcr'd the mailer of the one of the greateft on the banks of Nile.
boat not to depart without his leave. A They could not go any further for want
chrillian of the country, the reft of the ot wind, and the men trying to tow Cb:ikz\\y
inliabitants being Afabomctans, interpo- along the boat with ropes, were not able
fed with the judge, faying the franks to endure the heat of the fcorching
were come with him to vilit the chur- ground againlt their feet ; and there-
ches and monafteries of the chrilUans, fore being half parch'd with the fun,
and that when they had performed their they turnVi back to put in with much
vifitation, he himfelf would fee them labour at night to tiie city Niccade.NituJt
back. Yet this did not fatisfy him, but The fathers being come thither, went'^''^-
he would needs fend fome perfons with to the bifhop's houfe almofl famifli'd,
the fathers, to enquire into their pro- having been fome time without provi-
ceedings. They feeing no other way fion ; and producing the letter of re-
:U- to rid themfelvcs of this trouble, pro- commendation they had, direded to him,
duced a letter of recommendation they when they thought to make amends for
had from the fccretary ot the chief of their pall falling, they had a wretched
the Arabs, which the judge having read, fupper of a little cake, and fiir water
and receiv'd fix Mcili/ws, he was appeal- to refrefh them. Here many doubts
ed, bei.ig able to get no more of the were propos'd to them concerning our
poor fathers. holy faith, to which they gave excellent
Copiui Six miles further, cntring into the anfwers, the bifliops in tlioli; parts being
ciiv. upper Thcbaida, is the antient City of very ignorant. The city is beautiful, an-
the Copti, from which not only the na- tient, and abounding in monalleries of
tion of the Copti, but all B?\pt took Copti chriftians.
;« name. This metropolis had a trade in On the 29th, having hired another
the port aforementioneil, and was feated bo't of a chritlian, they let out for Af-
in 26 deg. of latitude, and 62 of longi- fun. The wind blew fo hard, that they
tude Slrabo f}x;aks of it thus.
; Next to were three times in danger of being call
the Temple of V'enus ;; that of Ifis ; and away ; and afterwards coming about a-
^ then tbofe they call Typhonnia, and the gainfl them, they lay flill. Then tov.-
cut that runs to Coptus, a town common ing the boat with ropes, they came on
to Arabians and Egyptians Then ."jl- : the ôth to the city Luchferem. It was» •,.
lows the Iflhmus running out into the Red in palt times call'd /.«(A/o,' or light, and city"
m .Sea, near the

has no port,
city
yet
Berenice, "which tho'
has convenient places of
it built on the eaft fide of the river, in
honour of an idol ; but in prorefs of
Sîi entertainment, becaufe of the nearnefs of time, another idol being let up, it was
the Ifthnuis. Philadelphus is faid to be call'd Luchferem, that is, two lights, or
the firjl that open'd this way with his elfe had the name for lieing compos'd of
tinny, when it was deftitutc of water, and two cities. In it, befides the remains of
erefted inns as well for foot-travellers as noble llru(flures, t ere arc to be fecn
camels \ and that he dtd fo, becaufe it was two pyramids, each of them forty fpans
difficult failing on the Red Sea, more efpe- about, and all the four fides full ot hie-
cially from the upper part of it. Expe- roglyphicks. There are alio, before the
rience has Jhe'jun, that this was of great gate of the old city, two idols of a pro-
digious
Ill
.
|y
Book I. Chap. V. 0/ TURK Y. 21
'
Indian, Ar.i- digioiis of which all from the
bigncfs, vcn, becaufe tlic roof, through certain GrMri.t.i
<f'93-
odiliis brought upwards being broke down,
flioulders holes, artificially reprefents feveral ft.irs,
IV convey',! to what remains is twenty-one fpans high, an I of the zodiack ; at prcfent

figns it'-''"^''^J
wds. hot far th fhouldcrs arc twelve fpans in breadth, (ei vcs the Arabs for a liable.
Muris, ivbiib the ears five fpans long, and three and a In another place, there arc two obe-
ce for building half broad, 'i'hefe ftatues might have lisks of a very great heighth ; the pede-
ptus is the city remain'd whole flill, had not the natives (lal of one of^ which is f'eventy fix fpans
are tuo cities^ gone about to break an urn they had about, that of the other fiirty, half way
on both ftJes ; on their heads, hoping to find fome trea- bury'd in the ground ; near to which
Vluris are now fure in it. The marble they are made there are two others of the liime make
is city of Co/>- of, is wonderful bright, and as it were a and bignefs, but thrown down by mis-
if Ephcfui, as nii.xture of gold fomewhat greenifh, all fortunes of 'imes. Not f.ir oil' there were
of a piece. The cliriftians conduced the two idols of the finefl marble, fburtem
, the boat wasi^M, or fathers into (hewing them fix-
t!ie city, fpans high, on columns of porphiry, of
t for want oi^"^"''"' teen pillars of feveral pieces, but forty a prodigious bigncis, which led into a
\ place i but'''>- fcven fpans about, and further on a great flreet, cover'd with flat floncs thirty fix
•
again, thry Jquare building, compos'd of one hundred fpans long, and twelve in breadth, all
iter many fuf- pillars, thirty fcven fpans about. Hence over cover'ii with hieroglyphicks, and
or Cosborbir, they went to a temple of idols, cover'd fupported by a wall of ftones of an in-
'/u's city, and , with vail great floncs, each of which was credible bigncfs. As they were going to
banks of AV/t-. 1 thirty fpans long, nine in breadtii, and (be another parcel of pillars, they found
rthcr for want fix in depth. in their way another very large idol ot
rying to tow Ci,),6ciiy, Having feen this, they were conduced curious marble and being come to the
-,
were not able to the city Chak^ now inhabited by Arabs. place they defign'd, fiiw lio pillars fixty
the fcorcliing In the f()ur principal (Ireets of it, thev (pans about, but made of I'everal pieces,
; and there- faw abundance of iiiols in the (hapes or and an hundrced fpans in height, befitles
with the fun, bucks, goats, camels, lions, and bulls. the capitals, on which an hundred pcr-
in with much Going into the old city, they found the fbns might ftand. At the entrance into
city Niccade. Nituii gate of it of an extraordinary height, diis flrudure, there were two idols of
the
thither, and fix rods in breadth, all of large free fame marble, little inferior to porphiry,
went'^''>'-
noft famidi'd, flonc, with hieroglyphicks cover'd both and ot fuch a monllrous bigncfs, that
vithout j)rovi- within and without, and the walls being the very foot was eight fpans long. A
of rc-
Ictter fallen, this flood ilill. Further on they few paces further, is a fort or callle,
i reded to him, found a womicrful theatre, encompafTed where entering at a gate, and going u()
ê amends for with a wall of vaft great (tones curiouf- (lairs,they came into a great open pl.icr,
ad a wretched !y carv'd, fourteen fpans thick, and of a with feveral rooms about it, and as ma-
nd proportionable hcigth. In tlic midd of ny more above them, in three other
fair water
many doubts it is the place for the fliows, almofl a apartments. Clole by this callle is a way
ancerning our mile about, hemm'd in by fix rounds, under ground, that leads to the A'i/e and
gave exceilenc making in all about 200 large pillars, city Ilepalimits, on the wefl fide, now
)tL* parts being adorn'd with hieroglyphicks, each cf called Medinalhabti. In this city, there
beautiful, an- them 150 foot high, with a capital, on arc alio many remains of temples and
nonailcries of which five perfons may fit at their eafe. theatres. There is alio a lijiall lake that
In this theatrefome chriflians and Arabs fills when the Ni'.c incrcafes, ami finks
fiired another live and tjccaufc of its (Irength, the
; as it decreafes, near to whicli, there are
t out for A\'- robbers, when purfu'd by the Bajfa., re- two idols fo big, that they are diiccrna-
rd, that tliey tire to it. In the fime city is a lake of ble ten miles off ; one of them by the
of being caft green fait water, not colour'd by corrup- country people is call'd Samula, and the
ig about a- tion, but as they will have it, by art ma- other Damula.
Thcn tov.- gick nor is it known whence it fprings,
; The fathers having taken fome rell u;
ley came on or whither it flows -, but it fwclls as the the houfe of a chrillian, let forward a-
rem. It was,., ,,
'Nile grows ("mail, and finks as that river gain with much fear of robbers, and a
... Luchkrir,
what is more, dirty linncn put in-
or light, and city,
,
rifes : violent heat of the fun, and at two of
the river, in to immediately turns white. They fiy

it the clock in the morning came to the
n prorefs of it had formerly a hard (lone bottom in city Licophi, now call'd Armani, renown- ,-?•,,,,-,/
t up, it was all p;?rts, being a quarter of a mile a- ed for many temples, and great flrui'turcs, > i:.v.
lights, bout. befides flatucs and columns. It was once

I'o or
compos'd of At a finiU diflance from the lake, is the feat of a bifhop, .xn^Wdtifianus, one
remains of another parcel of pillars, which in times of thofe prelates, was at the council of
to be feen of was a church, there being
chrillianity Ephefus ; St. Epifbanius alfia makes men-
ftill the pifturcs of our iaviour, the blel- tion of him. Oppofite to this city, in
1 forty fpans
full of hie- fed virgin and angels to be feen, painted a fmall ifland made by the Nile, there are
before the after the Grecian manner. They call this daily feen hundreds of crocodils of feve-
place Sameaveneiium, that is ilarry he.i- ral forts.
lis of a pro-
digio'js
. Vol, IV. C, The
,.«*
22 A Voyage round the World. Book I.
Gh.
GiMiLLr The next morning at fun-rifing, they which obligM them to return to the ci-
t! '''93-
pan.'u by tlie city Democrat, built by an ty. Going aboanl ag tin, being call'd by
Ifrihrai ancient piiilofoplier o\ that name ; at prc- tne owner of the vellel, who had rejuirM
city. fent it is call'u Dt'incicral. On the jilt it, they fouriil the men fo we.ikenM with
they came to the village of Jlfon, three falling their Ramadan or Lent, that they
miles liillant from the river, on a hill, could not row wherefore
•,
ynjcf-b, anj
/•'.
wlierc the hoiiles arc meanly covcr'il with one waterman falling to the oars, rowM
mats, for want of better materials. Clofe the boat to the albrementioned city ///•-
by is the city of L.itoiia, now call'd y/jiie, niani, miles from //•fun, forbear-
forty
tiniler the tropick of Cancer \ the coun- ing to row at night throu!;li wearinefs.
try about it is a continual oven to Eu- In the morning F. JoJ'efh tell to the oar
ropeans, not us\i to fuch violent heats. again, with the lame man, ami they la-
Onthe rtrll of June, they went with a bour'd fo hard, that at noon they came
letterfrom the billiopof Naccade, to find to Naccade. There they went to vifit
a chrillian, whofe name was Marc, to the billiop, but found him not at home i
carry tiiem to lee the monallery built in yet he returning with fix Co/ti priells,
the plain four miles from St. Helena, receiv'd tiiem with his ulual civility.
where Dioclefian put to death 460000 After lujifier, with the billiop's leave,
martyrs, and ot the invocation of the they projios'd feveral queflions about re-
holy martyrs, now inhabited by fomc religion and tho' their ignorance was con-
-,
ligious men ; but they were dilVuadtd from vine'd by the fathers le.irning, yet they
goin^T thither by a chief of the Arabs, would not fubmit, but f.iil they would
called alio Marc, becaufe at that place, the next day produce tiieir -'/r(i/;;V/- books,
there was a Judge, who was an enemy to which did not av;'.il them, lor thole very
Franks, and wo'ild cither put them to
death, or imprilbn them, and therefore
books ferv'd the more toconlound them i
yet they wouUl never give over, nothing
m
not being able to perform their holy de- talking to the purpotl-. After which, the
fign, they refolv'd to return. good fathers return'd down the liime ri-
Having taken a fmall boat that was ver to their IJoJjitinm, or houle at Grand
out of repair, it foon fiU'd with water. Caire.
CHAP. VI.
I'/je Defer iptm of the Pyramids o/' Egypt, and Mummies of the Diferi.
TT ftill remain'd, that I (liould fee the We fet out on fFeclnefday the 19th The pjr
I pyramids of Egypt, and mummies of for Bulac or Puiac, on twelve AlVcs. miJs.
.1" tFe delert, which not being pradicable Being come thither we took boat, there
•without a good company, tor fear of the being no going by land, becaufe of the
ylrahs, I fpokc to the conful for him to oveiHowing ot Nile. We
came before
find Tome method for mc to go fafely. noon to the pyramids, or rather vafl
He out of his goodnefs took the pains to mountains of Hones, the whole way be-
fpeak to fome French, who were prepa- ing but twelve miles. Curiolity prevail'J
ring for the fîme defign with a good guard, with me and fome Frenchmen, to go up
.and fo I made one of their company. to the top of tlie firft of them, rather oil
Wc were to fet out on Tuejday the 1 8th, our knees than feet, tlie firft Heps be-
but found my eyes fore, having left the ing four foot high, and three in breadth,
window open at night, by realbn of the going equally all about, and growing
I great heat
not to do
1 tho' I had been forewarn'd
fo, becaufe that diltemper is
narrower by degrees till the top. From
the top of the pyramid, is a profpeifl
an inevitable confcquence of it, and there- over a vafV extent of country, or ra-
fore in the afternoon, f rode on an afs, ther a great defert of land. Being come
about the Bazars or markers, and pub- down with much trouble, we prepar'd
lick places of the city. In my way I to fee that they call Pbaraob\ tomb,
met a man about forty years of age, into which the entrance is through a hole
with a long beard, and all naked from half fill'd up with fmtL /'. Fulgcntius
head to foot, whofe hands all people ran de Tovars, a capuchin, fupcrior of their
to kifs, which my afs-driver did with houfe at Caire, and an able mathemati-
much devotion. Some women kifs'd the cian, having drawn the pyramid, and ta-
end of thofc parts, which in modelly ken all the dimenfions, both within and
ought to be cover'd, to render them- without, I prevail'd with him to give
t'elves fruitful. Asking who this was, it me, as alfo that of the well within,
they told me he was a great Santone, which F, Lazarus, another capuchin, hacj
taken
Book I.
Ghap. Vf. 0/ TURK Y. 23
to the ci- remain?, which is from theGtMSLi.i
taken twenty years before, caufing him- this idol as
;cillM by fhouldcrs upwards, is twenty fix toot in ''^"'3'
felf to be bound ami let ilown with a rope
icpairM
(.1
length to the toj) of the lic.ul, and from '-''V^
into that dark place, out ot meercuriofity.
;cnM witl» the ear to the chin fifteen. All this that
This great pyramiil, wliich is the
tli.it iliiy has been (aid, will appear the more plaiii^
nearell to CAiic- on the north-fide, has
fl/,'//), and ly, by the following cut.
208 Hone fteps ot Icvcral heights, wiiieh
Its, rowM arc fupposM to have been cover'd with
city ill- Number
marble, lince taken away for other ftru- See Cut, III. Page. 9.
ri)ibf.ir-
,
ftures. perpendicular heiglic is 520
Its
wc.irincfs.
foot, the length of every fide 682, the A. The entrance into the pyramid, three fool
to the o.ir
flat on the top is made of twelve (tones, fix inches high, and three foul three inches
111 they l;i-
wide.
bein^ fixteen foot eight inches fquare j
tlicy tame wherefore they fiy, that .\n arrow (liot by B. The defcent feventy fix foot loiig.
It to vific C. The fpace at the end of the defcent, ten
a (bong arin, would not fly beyond the
at liomc i
pyramid. Tiiere arc fixtcen Heps up to foot wide.
!ti priclls, D. The afcent fevent) fix foot long.
tileentrance, whii h le.ids to a fquare way,
civility,
il
all of an equal bigncis, that goes down- E. The afcent fix foot, four inches wide,
have,
(ji's
wards. Its hcijfjit is tiiree foot and a one hundred andjixly one foot lung.
about re- half, itr, ba\ukh three foot and a quit ter, F. The way between eight and ten foot long.
c was con- At tiie cw\ of G. The empty room.
its lengtii ll'verty fix foot.
yet tiiey which H. The room thirty two foot long, fixteai
it is a pi liC about ten foot wi.le,
,
hey would leads into another way, ot the faine length wide, and nineteen high.
bilk book*;,
of feveiity fix loot, wlu( li goes upwards, I. The empty fepulcher, or tomb, feven foot
thole very two inchcf long, three fool and an inch
at tiie enil wiu-reof tliere are two ways,
lund them i the one upon a level, t'..elve paces in broad, and three fool three inches deep.
T, notliing length, with a room at the end, and L. The way into the room where the tomb is,
which, the the other that goes upwards, fix foot eight or ten paces in length.
he iamc ri-
four inches wide, and 102 long. At the M. The plain on the to p^
of the pyramid,
e at Grand end of this is a gallery to go throiigh fixteen foot, eight inches Iqiiare.
into a room thrity two toot in length, fix- N. The perpendicular heighth being five
teen in Lire.ukh, and nineteen in heiglit, hundred and twenty fool.
the roof whereof is plain, and made of nine O The length of each fide, being fix hundred
flones. Within this room, which is about and eighty two fool.
the third part of the pyramid, is an emp- P. The firjl dejth of the well being feventy
p.fcrf. fepukiier, fiiil to be Pharaoh's, of feven foot.
ty
white, red, and bl.ick marble, leven foot Q^ The fecond depth of the well being one
tlie 19th The two inches in length, three foot and an hundred and twenty three fool.
pjra-
Ke Allc'S. miJs. inch broad, and three foot and three inch-
loat, there es liigh, a n.i.'ow fpace to contain fo The other pyramid is equal in height
ufe of the great a monarc'i. By the meafure of this to that already defcrib'd, and 200 paces
line before tomb, it appears, that men now are as diltant from it wellward ; the Iquare at
[athcr vaft big as they were ^000 years ago, and that bottom is fomewhat leis, and it is hard
le way be- we are no than our fore-fathers ; as
lefs getting to the top of it, the (tones arc
alio that this ftone muii be layM before fo worn with Age and the more becau((;
•,
prcvail'd
to go up the (Iruclure was finilhed, becaufe there there are no fteps jetting out like the other.
ratlier on is no way it could be carry'd in. Neartheferwo pyramids is a third, a fourth
tleps be- Between the two ways already men- part lets, feated on a rifing rock each of ;
breadtii, tion'd, on the right hand, is a wall, its fides twenty foot lels than the firfl
is
grow ins which appears on the ground perpendi- and tho' it is low, and fmaller, it is all of
From cularly from the Horizon, making the a white flone, and the breadth equal to
I).
profpcifl Figure of the Hebrew Lamed, in which the height.
, or ra- down feventy feven foot, there is a fquare In the evening, all the good company
ling come window, or inlet to a fmall cavern, cut weni away northwards to the pyramids
prepar'd out of the foft ftone thac runs wellward ; of the mummies, two hours travel from
I's tomb, the pyramid being built on the hard rock. the others, and at an equal diflanee from
j,ii a hole Down fifteen foot in this cavern, there is Grand Caire, where we pafs'd the night
Yid'ôitius
an oblique way, cut in the fame ftone, plealantly in tents.
i)t their two foot and four inches in breadth, and Thurfday 20th, whiHt our comp nionSQt],jfPy.
litliemati
two foot and an half in height, deftcnd- were bargaining with the Îr.ibs to Ihew us ramiJs.
and ta- ing 123 foot, where it is (topp'd up with the mummies, F. Fulgcmiu: and I, went
|thin ancl
find and (tones. Thofe Barbarians fiiy, into the firfl of the eleven pyramids there
to give
there was a pafTaee there under ground, are in that plate, whereof he taking the
within, to the empty head of an idol, that (> ^^ dimenfions botii within and without, we
|hi:i, haci
not far from the pyramid. As much of found every fide to be 643 toot. The en-
taken trance
n
24. ^ Voyage round the JVorhl Book I.
Cha
CfMEiii tnxncc is on the north fnie, iiliout the this would come to pafi within fome years.
'f>')3
The king he.iring this, order'd ihele py-
fourth part ot
^^'"^'''^ iniiKlk' ot the hori/.ontai
its height, hut not
line;
in tiie
(or there ramids to be built, and Ibmeconvey.mccs t
are îfifoot towanlstliecill, and {2;to- umler ground, to turn aw.iy the water of
wartls the well. I here is Init one way three Nile into the province callM Alfcida, in
loot arul a halt wide, ani.1 tour toot liigh, the mean while conveying all his wealth
always iklcemiing tor 267 toot at tlic 1 into the pyr.imids. When they were ([•
tiul ot it is A room twenty leven foot ant! nifliM, he caus'd them to be cover'd with
a halt long, ami eleven in hreailth arclieil. ri(k lilk. and (clebrated a gnat feall, all
At the enti ot tliis room is another way his fubjeiJts rcli)rting to it. They tell ma-
upon the level, three toot wiJe, and nine ny other ridiculous Fables, and among
anti a halt long, which leails into another the refl the Cojiii write a plealant one in
room twenty one toot long, ami eleven their books, viz. that under tiie great py-
broad, vaultcil like the other, ami very ramid there is an iiifcripiion ot tliis purport.
lotty, witli a Iquare window on tiie welt- King Saurid l.un built tbt- /\iamiJs in
end, wiiirii is its utmoll lengtii, twenty lime, &c. (in.l has fitiijf)'il ihcni ill Jix y.irs.
tour loot tour inches (Vom the tloor. From H-'bofoever comn ajttr him, cr bt'linn him-
this room we went into aii'jther way of a ft!f ai powerful as he, let him tiiutertake
confiderable breadth, as high as a man, to ilejlroy them in fix hundred years \ I bo' it
upon the level, and thirteen toot two inch- is eajier to pull doun a JlruUure than to
es long at the end whereof is a great

1 erett it. lie cover'd them with Jilk, let
1 arched after the lame manner, twen-
-.Jill, another try to cover them with tnofs.
ty fix foot ami eight inches long, and twen- When the Caliph A'.m.vnoun came in-
ty four foot one inch broad. Tfio floor is to F.^ypl, he had a curiofity to tire what
of lolid rock, with fome points jetting out wiiM liiutup in thefc pyramids 1 and the*
unequally, leaving iLme Ipace in the mid- the thing was icprclented to him as im-
pradicable, yet he with fire ami vinegar, /
dle.
There no going up
is another pyr.i-
"P to ar and iron tools, temper'd after a particu- ii
near tiiis, are no Heps in

becuife there ar
becaule lar manner, over came b
m';l tills, all difHcultits.
Ii
the Ihine outward, like thole already ilc- In fiiort, the entrance that isgrcac
in the
wc pyramkl was his u
Icrib'd, meafiiring tiic bottom of it, work, and he found in
ft
found c.ich fide to be 6 j foot long. 1 a mighty thick wall tuch a trcafiire, as
Z
The other nine pyramkls, excenting on- made good the expcnce of opening it.
ly one, wiiich is equal to the lalt fpoken They alio found a fquarc well, and doors
;M of, are allliulc, or of a middle (l/.c, but on all four fides, which led into certain a
a;
ditfering in workmanfliip ; and loine of vaults, where tl-.erc .vere de.id bodies
d
them arc very beautiful compos'd of ttones wrapp'd up in clothes. Towards the top
d<
of a prodigious grcatncfs, fuch as fecm im- of the pyramid, they fell upon a (lone,
polTible to be placed there by art of man. in which w.isthe llatue of a inan, with a
m
The Arabian hillorians and writers are gold plate on his bread let with jewels ;
m
An Ar.i.
hi.in Vi- of opinion, that thcfe pyramids were cred- a fword of a great value, and on his
'if '^''^-
ed by a king of Egypt, whole n.ime was head a bright carbuncle, as big as an egg.
Siiur'ul, ,'oo Years before the Hood, and Under the fbone there were charaders,
1! they intermix their account with fo many which no man in the world could explain
The p
fables, that they lofe the little truth they to him. They add, th;>t after Almamoun mununies. c(
deliver. They write that this king having open'd that way, many went in, whereof
g'
had a vifion, wiierein it appear'd to him fome dy'd, and this is the fabulous ac-
w
pi that the earth was turn'd upfide down, count the Arabian writers give.
\
that men l.iy ilretch'd out with tiicir faces Tlie truth is, that thefe pyramids were Th? true
n-
on tlie earth, and that the flats fell from built to lervc for t'epulciires or tombs, Oriym ni
the firmament he was much
; tcrrify'd, as Strabo and Diodorus affirm-, and is '''<^,'V"
but kept After this he law the
it fecret. made out by the tomb, to be feen in the midi. r
ti
flars fill from heaven
in thefhapes of birds, biggefl of them, wnether it be of Chco-
d
>r ii.,.,
which lerv'd as guides to men to condufl fbos, as Herodotus writes, or of Cbemis,
b
them into two great mountains, by which as Diodorus aflirms. And tho* Ariflolle
I
they were afterwards crufh'd, and the flars fays, the kings of Egypt undertook to
11
darkned. Being frighted at this vifion, rail'c thefe flrufturcs to excrcife their ty-
ti
he brought togetiier 150 foothfayers, or ranny and Pliny, that they did it to
-,
a
forcerers, from all p.irts of Europe, a- fhew their power, and to keep their fub-
II mong wiiom was the famous Adimon, anil jeds employ'd, that they might not think
I!
a
declaring his dream to thein, they gucfs'd of revolting ; ncverthelefs the principal
t(
and foretold, that there would happen a end of them was to ferve as (epulchcrs,
w
mighty deluge, wliicli wouKl endanger and prcterve the bodies for a long time i
a
drowning the country of .^^v//, and that for they believing, that the fouls would
d
continue
Book 1.
Chap. VI. 0/ TURK Y. as
fonic years,
continue fo long with the bodies, as thcfc depth, but the fliallowefl of them is for-OtMnn
il llifkr |iy-
continu'd entire, not to inform, but to ty two foot. At the bottom of them >('î-
onvcyanics
keep them, as their firll habitations they •, au' fquare openings, and a pallage reii or^-^V^J
10 w.ucr of
therefore usM all polFible means to pre- fifteen toot long, which leads into Iquare
A!/i-i(!ii, in
lervc tlieni from corruption, by embalm- arch'd rooms, each fide of tiiem being
Ills WCMltll
I
ing and placing them in luch famous fifteen or twenty foot in length. By
II' y were (i-
llruclures. Nor have ihey been altoge- each of them is a (lone, on which the
ovcrM wiili
embalm'd bodies lie, fome of them in
ther difaiipointed in their defign, fincc
at fcall, all
their bodies have been found whole, and chellsor coffins of black mulberry-tree ;
licy till m:l-
lounil after lying two or three thoufand others in tombs cut out in the fimc
.inil among (lone fliap'd like a man with his arms
years. Which movM Plato, who was
il'ant oiif ill
thirteen years in Egypt, to conclude from ftretch'd down by his fides. There is
icgrcatjiy-
it, that the foul was immortal.
generally found under the tongue of
liis purport.
Thofe good kings built the pyramids thtle bodies a plate of gold, weigliing
fyramiJs in
in that fliape, that they might laft the about two pilloles ; and therefore thi:
iiijixye.irs.
longer, becaufe the tops do not prefs the Arabs deface all the mummies, whicli
hclifVi'i him-
bottom, nor the rain cannot damage they afterwards fell to the Mahometan s,
n iiiidnliike
them tho* fome fiy they m.ide them io,
-,
and they to chrifli.ins, tho' fometimis
•ars 1 iho' it
to rcprcfent the figure of their gods. they find nothing. Near the he-ids ol
'lire ll.'iin to
Yet it is and with fome reafon,
believ'd, thcfe mummies there arc idols found, and
lib jUk, let
that the Egyplinits from the top of them the Oiajxrs of birds at their feet. On the
> moj'i.
made their'allronomical obfervations, and walls there are hieroglyphicks cut, which
in came in- perhaps ferv'd for epitaphs ; and bcfides
fettled their year.
to fee what
The fteps of thcfe pyramids being made there arc in each room fcveral lepulchers
s and tlio*
;
Dioilorui and of children and others. Going down
of folid tlone well polifli'd,
him as im-
Herodoiui are of opinion, they were cut each of thefe wells, there are levcral
lui vinegar, which are rooms and caves, having a communi-
in the mountains of Arabia,
r a particu- cation from one to another, without any
beyond the Delia. Herodotus further be-
difficulties, vail flones were drawn other light but what comes from tiio
lieves, that fuch
in the great placed on the firll mouth of the well.
up by wooden engines
he fount! in But Going down into one of thefe, wc
(lep to raife them to the fecond.
treafure, as found a room twenty foot fquare, cut,
Diodorus iîys, that fuch engines not be-
opening ir.
ing yet invented ar that time, there was as has been fiid before, out of the (lone i
anil doors about it were tombs of pcrlbn'-- ot (]ua-
.
a earth iiifed of fuch a height
mount of
nto certain lity, and on the floor of fervj.its. There
as was requifite, and the (lones being
lead bodies were in it but two ordinary mummies,
drawn up to it, the/ were then let to run
is the top which I believe had been lately put in
down towards the llrudlure ; which can
!on a (lone,
never be fwallow'd by any man that has by the Arabs to get money. They were
n, with a fwath'd like children, and laid in two
not a Greek fancy.
th jewels i
We
purpofely forbore feeing the others cheds o( mulberry-tree very thick and
nd on his folid, in which there were fome little fi-
that were further oil", being above thir-
as an egg,
ty, fcatter'd about the dcfert, and were gures in chalk, kept by me to this day,
haraders,
led by the Arabs to fee the wells or fe- with a skull embalm'd that fell to my
explain being good as they (ay for wounds,
pulchers of the mummies, which thofe
1
The (hare •,
Almamouit mummies, covetous barbarians keep conceal'd to and fomediftempers.

whereof money of the Franks. In Ihort, they The Egyptians embalm'd thefe bodies, The way
get
bulous ac- pieces of eight of us. mean thofe of perfons of note, ripping <>'. «inb.i!
would have twenty 1
Many of opinion, that the mum-

are up their bellies with a very (harp (lone° '"'"S-
iinids were Th? true
mies arc found up in the deferts of Ara- then taking out their bowels, wafn'd
tombs, Orii;in ot them with wine, and drawing them tho-
bia, and that they are the bodies of
u.i and is "'i' '>•"• people flirted and buried in the fand when rough an aromatick powder, fill'd them
feen in tiic"'"^"
the louth winds blow ; but they are much with pure myrrh, ca(ria, and other fwcets,
of Chco- without frankincenfe, and putting them
deceiv'd, for they are no r ler but the ^
of Chemis,
bodies of ancient Egyptians embalm'd. again into the body, clos'd it up. This
Ariftotle
I'liere are many of them found in caves done, they laid the body in niter, and
iertook to
under ground, near the ruins of the an- left it there feventy days, after which
"e their ty-
tient Memphis, which is all hollow above they walh'd it again, and wrapp'd ic
liid it to .and below. The way into thofe caverns dole in linnen fwaths, which they anoint-
their lub- is through fquare wells, fo contriv'd that ed on the outfide with a fort of Gum,
not think man may go down
a putting his feet inwhich they made ufe of indead of (iilr.
principal
to holes on the oppofite fides. Thefe Thefe bodies they plac'd in chefls or cof-
•])ulciicrs,
wells are cut in a fofc white (tone, found fins of black mulberry-tree, courfely
iiig time about thofe p.irts, after going a fa-
all hew'd to the fliajx; of man or woman, as
Ills would dom deep in fand ; nor arc they all of a they are daily found in thole caves.
continue Vol. IV. 1 Being
26 A Voyage round the World Book I.
1 îi
a GrMiiti
'")V
Bcinp come out of the well, the Îrabs In the way between OhI Ciiire ami the
•
conJiuiai U'l to fee l.ihyriiitli, whiTc ;i A/r u, I law the T:iikij/j ti)liiiers excreilo
''"'i^nt^ bu.y'ii liifiK. Wc wt-m in a curious jilaiii near the A;/.', I'hey
a'TII)?*^''""
rimh. down
out of
throu^^li
;i n.irrow
which
.1
we
palKigc
cri'|)t
hole to certain ways where

into
on our
.1 room,
billies
were about 40UI) horle, who ran two
ami two, ilextroufly Ihiking a i)iece of
palm-tree with tiuir l.uices in their lull
I
a nian may walk well er.out^h ll^)ri^ht. tarrier. /A;//, then fl,(/A'< of di/»v, came
On both fuks of them there are urns, every H-'eHnrjilay anil Siiiiinliiy to lee liieni
in whiih thi- binls were buryM ilure •, from a balcony in a great man's houle \
is now nothing in them but a luile Dull. IkIkIcs the gr:-..t rclbrt ot Hi(!^\ ami prin-
Thcle ways are (ut out ot a nitrous ces, with their lub|ects .mil llaves well
(lone, ami run feveral nulcs like a ity < enough clail, I was toM that the ligh-
unilcr grouiul, which they call a laby- teen fiitî that are at diire have many
rinth. lamis, ami 500000 crowns revenue each
At night we retuniM to draml Cain; of thein, which they Ipenti in fupporting
my fliarc lor the exixnce of this fliort the Mahoint-ldit |iriile anil arrogance with
lourniy amounting to tour /ectliincs, that niagniticcnce, keeping hunilrals of horlea
is thirty two Ihil'ings. in their llables.
C H A \\ VII.
::i
The Author coiifi/iufs his T'ravils to Jerufalcm.
MOnlicur H.uovit Miillct having in- Damioia is not lb full of water as that
viteil me to be at the teall ot ot Rnfetn ; which is the real'on it often
St. L'Jiiiy, witli all tlie iiciiib menhants, hapi'cas that the boats, by re.ifon of the
wouKI not have me ilepart upon any Ihallownels, are llop'd lor 'icver.d months
account; but I having relolvM to le.ivc near the lea, without being able to "ct
Grand Ciii,-, retmnM thanks lor all the out. There
dwellings enough a-
I favours
during
to
my
generoully
Itay
l)ellow'Ll
there, ami prepared to
on mc
.ire
long the banks of this branch of the ri-
ver, but not fo large as thole on the way
let torwarib. Accordingly on hulay to Kofeto.
the .:ill I went to Rnliu; whii h i^ but a Sunday the .•-,'d we arriv'd at Tidrnl-
mile ilnlani. way I met the tii-
By the ala,within an hour after day, having run
neral ot a Turk of lome note, with a loS miles 1 yet we llay'd in the boat
great turbani on his coffin. I'rielts ot till the fullom- houle was open'd, and
tile went before fmging, and his
Moftfiii- were clcar'd without that Ifricinels uled in
women lollow'd weeping on alles. Ma- Jlah. I took up my lodging in the houle
ny of thele ceremonies ought to be per- of a Maronitc, procurator to the religi-

torm'd in .1 day to latisfy tlie delires of ous houle at dure, to whom 1 was re-
the Muhmfians ; lor they lay, that it commended by the father prefidenr, be-
being living in com,
de.ir '')n ot for- caule at Diiiniiita there were no religious
mer when they ni.giit buy thirty
times, men, nor conful, or Frrm/j merchants.
eggs, or rwo pigeons, or a fowl tor a Diwiuita h leated on the right lide o{n.imi.ui
penny, and therefore n(;w a plague were the A'l/^, ;o degrees of l.intude.
in It
^'")-
neceflary, that the furvivors might live is ill inhabited by^realbn of the un-
the better. wholfomnels of t'hc air, and is not a-
I iinbark'd on the Nile b-fore noon bove half a mile in length, and as much
tor Diimiiita, tunning down the
and in breadth yet becaule of the conve-
-,
llream without fails, got into the arm viency of the port, and diipping o!f, it
ot tile river that jiillis by tint city. ismuih retorted to, and has a valt trade.
I To lay the truth, I Diould not have Not very far from it eaflwanl, on the
made it my bulinels to go to this place, top of mount CnJ'ius, is the tomb of
had not the fliips bound tor Mi-cca been Pcmpey repair'd and beautify'd by the
gone tlirir weeks before from the pore emperor /Idruiii.
i-ii
:|':
of Sues , lor I fliould have imbark'd a- endeavour'd immediately to inform
1
board them, to take a fliort cut to the my lelf, whether there was any conve-
Eujl-hidi.'f, as the conlul had advis'd me, niency of velTels bound tor Jaj[f,i, or
whereas the way I was now going was Joppe, ami being loM there was one rea-
\ery tetlious, dy at the mouth of the river, I would
Suturihty the 2 2d, wc rontinu'd our way not flip the opportunity, laying in at
with our oars, becaufe the Iwat was once all the necelliiry provifion lor the
fmall. This arm of the river towards voyage, and particularly of excellent
drv'd
Book I.
Chap. VII. Of TURK Y. 27
re unii tlie
clry'd rows ol whith are there
iniillcli of modelly or compalTlon. They are'ifMnn
rrs cxcrtilij
cxtraordin.iry thea|). I palVd As
by the never fatisfy'd till they have empty'd a ""'i
//.-. 'Ihoy
cullom-houlc, the yamiiiry demanded a man's purte, giving one another no-*-''^'^
r.in two
^ccthine for my |)erniiirKjn to imbark •, ticc of the natiin of the prize \ tor
.1 i)it'(i' c)l
but I tellin,; him 1 was a i'lrnhmM, he which realbn in thele loantries, but par-
11 ciicir lull
was forced to be liitislicd with the third ticuhrly in Eiirnpe, it is abloluiely nc-
part of a erown. 'I'liis hapiH'i\e(l to me cetlary to l)C lloik'd with patience is

to lir ilicin
beeaule there was no eonful, and the well ,is with money, whiih I endeavour'il
houlL"
(I't I
'Je-u:ijh interpreter would not I'peak one to furnith my felt with in order to vifit
;i ami piin-
word to my
advantage, tor te.ir ot bc' the holy l.iml,
ll.ivcs well
ing batlin.Klo'd \ and when I would have Setting out about evening that time
tlif <i^li-
had him go four miles down with me to
1
SuniLiy the 2 ?il, we lail'd all night with
i.wf many the vetlel, 10 l)e my interpreter with the with a fair wind, and coalling along .1
vciiiur 0;n l>
mailer, he retus'd it, letting nv: go alone findy tietert country on Mmuliis the iath,
llipportini^
at the dit'c relion of the watermen whom with the lame profpercjus gale, arriv'd .11
i}j;aiui' witli
1 did not underlland. Tliele jirelrnted me an hour after night tall, hiviu;',
"Jntf'a
.Is ot liorli'S
lluba on run 150 tniles. I had no otiier dilhir-
to the cullomcr ot the right
lide of the river, wlio took no duty of biU'e by the way, but the continuil
me, bccaute I earry'd nothing but pro- cries ot thole b.irb.irians, who are but
vifions. Hut lilAd' ol" th.'.t place, not
.1 little shill'd in the art of n.ivig.uion ; tor
willing to let Hip lb fair an opiiorttinity tho they h.ive learn'il it of the i hiiillui.,
^f of cheating, teeing me alone, and with- anti therefore ute the fame teatertn,, yet
out any bo.ly to Itand by me, Itop'd they are not lb expert at ir.
rne, demanding a /.ecchine t(jr my li- I Living rode ,it anchor ;',ll ni;^',lit, we
iter a^ that berty to pals, and tho' I ;inlweiM it was laniled with mm h ditTiculty on f'la-iJ.iy
on it often not his due, ami tliat I would write to the 2 uh, .liter p.iying the m.iller of the
lmI'oii of the the ront'ul at Catr,; to complain to the velVcl a /ecchine and a h.ilf for mine and
;ral months Balfu ; yet continuing politive in hi.s
lie my man'- pallage. I took my lodging
able to gc: tleni.mds, liid me pay firtl, and then in a "/t'^'s houle who w.is ,in interpreter,
enough a- write at pleature , nor did he delill. tho' a.sall thole do that go to the holy land, -.
of the ri- ^ I o ier'd to go baik to do .is \ laid. there being neither friars nor frcni/j in
on the way Therefore not to let Ilip the opportuni- that little pi ice.
ty, which once loll 1 mull have llay'il Jiijfon, Zaffrt, or Artiifo, y.ij.nhy
jfajf/i, Joppi;
I
atD.tmi- lc)mc months for another, (as happen'd as others call thought to h,i"e been
it, is
havingruti to a religious m.in, thi moutli ol" the built J.ipbct, NoJj's Ion, before the
tiy
tiic boat harbour being clioak'd up witli land) I flood. It is leated in the l.ititiide of
iiM, and ,
turn'd again and gave the liLi. k two Diitcb :(2 degrees, and is the port all pilgrims
(s ulal in j crov/ns. relbrt to, who go to villt the holy pla-
the iioulc The watermen would alto liave pl.iy'd ces at 'yrnija'.iin. Here it was the ni.i-
the rcligi- their knaviih part we had be-
; for tho' terials lor the building of So.'omoii^n tem-
wns ic- fore agreed what
was to give them,
I ple, brought from mount L'tbdiiim, were
cnr, bc- yet now tiiey demamied more, before landed and here the ancients feign
-,
rfli;,!,iotis they would t.ike me into the boat 1 that JiulromciLi was expos'd to be <le-
h;uits. holding me in lufpenle when 1 was moll vour'd by the fea-monller. Here it was
U IkIl' of P.imUti ; eager to be gone, till they h.id got St. Pflcr rais'd 'Kil/ilba to lite again,
tuiic. It
*'">•
their will after which they carried me
; ami inneighbourhood he law the
its
till.' iin- , abro.id the great bark which was then flieet let down from heaven with all
is not a- taking in that [lart of her lo.iiling ot torts of rreatures in it, by which God
as iiuicli rice, fait, and beans, which the hail left gave him to umlerll.ii that ouarht
K- lonvc- behind, to be able to get over the flats not to Icruple admitting the G"i';//;7cj to
)g oil", ic of the river. Being come thither, the the faith ami baptizing them. Whihl
Mil trade. liaii or mailer began to i)lay his part, I was here ex[iecting the car.ivan of
on the asking twice as muil! to' my palliige as camels, which comes from /?..•;/;.;, there
tomb ot was iilu.il to pay, whi; li if I would not rote luth a violent Itorm on the lea,
by the pay, might return to D.imiiU.t, which
I that no velVel could come in tor feveral
;
he knew was not in 'iiy power. After clays, and thole that were in the unlafe
inform t
much contemling, I being fometiines fi- harbour were all loll, p.irticulaily ours
y conve- ^
lent becaule I did not iinderfland, and which took in its lo.iding in the day, and
ijf.i, or ; other while. exprclTing my felt by figns, on lVtubt,-fda\ night, the feamen going
one lea- I comply'd with his will, to avoid pro- all to fleep, without raking cue liiil to
I would tr.-iding the difpiite to no purpofe. fecure her, flie funk with all the goods,
ig in at Truly a chrifli.m that falls into the hands only thole lleepy bealls b-iiig lav'd by
tor the. of rhele barbarians, is much to be pi- fwimming alho.ir.
?xccHcnt ty 'd, for they have not the Icafl fpark
drvM The
28 A Voyage round the fVorld. Book I.
Gemelm Tlic ramcl-driver came betimes on mountains planted with olive-trees ; puf-
•693: JVeibiefday the 26tli, to awake me, in fing thorough the village of the good
'"^^'^ order to let ou: with a fmail caravan of thief, fo call'd becaufe he was born there,
thirty cincls, but I chole to ride upon confining of about joo houl'es, and fear-
an als. Having travel'd ten miles tho- ed on a mountain, with a ruin'd caflle.
rough a plain country, part untill'd and About half way we faw Jeremy's vil-
part tilled and planted with olive-trees, lage, where they fhow'd me a ruin'd
we came to Rama at break of day, where monaflery of Francifcans, who had aban-
I was reteiv'd by the fuperior of the doned it, becaufe fome of them had been
houfe of the capuchins of Jerufalentf kill'd by the Arabs. Not far from it is
I who prefently gave an account of my feen the village where St. John Baptift
arrival to the father guardian of Jerti- was born. PafTmg over the bridge we
falem, that with his leave 1 might go to came into the valley of Elab, famous in
that city. holy writ for the combat between Da-
Riimti Rama, Ramina, Ramie, or Ramola, vid and the giant Goliab, whilfl Saul\
town. mcrcorable tor tiie fcpulcher of Rachel, army iook'd on from the n ountain next
and llaughter of her innocent children, is Jerufalem ; and that of the Pbilijlians
a little open town, inhabited by Arabs, towards Rama. Hereabouts I alfo faw
'jfcwi, andChrirtians. The country about the noted caftle of Emaus on a hill, where
it is fruitful, producing bcfides wheat, the building is (till preferv'd ftanding (if
good fruit, as grapes, figs, melons, and it be the fame) in which the two difci-
other forts. It was, as fome believe, the pk's, after the refurredion knew our fa-
country of Jojepb of Arimatbea, a
St. viour in his breaking of bread.
lecret difciple of Jefus Chrift. Being come to Jerufalem about the
Thtirftluy the 27th, I went with fome evening, the fathers direded me to go
fathers three miles off (I always mean in at the gate of Damafcus, that the
Iliilian miles) to vifit the place call'd Turks might fee me and receive the tri-
Lida, where St. George was beheaded, bute, becaufe I had not been at Jeru-
being a church fcrv'd by Greeks. As I falem before. I went thither accordingly
rcturn'd I was (hew'd a Mofque, which with a fervant, and finding no body ac
had been a chriftian church built by St. the gate, proceeded diredlly to the mo-
Helena, where under the high altar fo'ty naflery of St. Saviour, without any flop 1
martyrs are bury'd, brought thither by but the guardian fearing fome mifhap,
her out of Armenia, but the Arabs do perfuaded me to return and fend fome
"if'l
not allow us to go in. The fathers al- chriflian to give notice to the Turks,
fo fhew'd me, near the church of their that they might come to the place ap-
Hofpilium, the houle of Nicodemus, who pointed to enter my name, as they did.
mk took our (aviour down from the crofs. Then I went to the monaflery, where
Friday the 28 th, leave being come the guardian receiv'd me very courte-
from the father guardian of Jerufalem, oufiy. The flrufture of this monaflery
MX I paid the cuftomer for Cafarre, or is not large, nor lofty, but convenienr.
tril)ute, fourteen AWulchelb, worth fo There are five fmall altars in the little
many ducats of Naples ; and he accor- church three at the upper-end, and two
i
ding to his duty furnifhing horfes, I let againft the pillars that fupport the arch.
out on Saturday the 29th with Ibmc fa- The floor is laid with good black and
tiiers, and the Cadi who was returning to white marble, but the main point is,
Jenifalim. Wefravell'd twelve miles that the church isdecently and devoutly
over the plain, and eighteen more over ferved by fifty fathers.
CHAP. VIII,
The Defcription of Jerufalem, and the Holy Places.
'f/riifii!,-' Erufalem, formerly call'd Salem, So- ble flruftures as are to be feen about
if Lily.'
lima, and Capiloliiia, by the Turks this city, are a fufficient tcflimony ol'
Lui
'urumobarech, anil Leucoft, and by the its ancient fplendor, tho' it be now quite
Natives C/Jinz, and Godtz, is in ;î de- alter'd from what it was, througli the
ri' grees of latitLiile. It was built by Mel- vicifTitude ot fortune, and terrible ha-
chifedec,between two mountains. Calva- vock made in it at fevcral times by
ry on the
wefl, and Olivet on the eaft, fundry nations. What cruelties were not
between which and the city runs the executed in it by Antiocbus, rlie Ion of
brook Cedron, that lofes it felf in the Seleucus, and the other Antiocbus his fon .'
dead fea. The remains of fo many no- who Ipar'd neither the wails, nor Solo-
mon's
„l
1 i
Book I. Chap. VII. 0/ TURK Y. 29
man's temple. Simon Maccabeus having all the faithful went on Sunday the 30th Gemelli
trees ; laf-
fubdu'd and rertor'd the regal feat to to hear mafs at tlie father's church, wliere '^93-
the good ^-^^'"^
it, 611 years after its firll ereftion, I obferv'd that the women there do not
born there,
Pompey the Great came eighty one years cover their faces, with a mask, like the
;s, and I'eat-
after, took it, and left only the name and Egyptians, and all their body is wrap'd
uin'd caftle.
eremy's vil-
fliadow of its magnificence. The tyrant in a white fheet, wearing on their head
Herod, having taken it after a long fiege a Tadema, that is, a cap with feveral
le a ruin'd
10 had aban- from Antiocbus, in whom after 106 years points. An infant was baptiz'd, and the
the race of the Ajfamoncans ended, cruel- father chofe me for godfather.
m had been
ly abandon'd it to fire and fword. Nor About Evening I went to vifit the
r from it is
was Agrippa any better, being th; lad of holy places, attended by a father ap-
fohn Baptifi
his (lock, who dy'd wickedly as he had pointed for that purpofe, and the inter-
•
bridge we
liv'd, about the time of Julius Ccefar. preter of the monallery. Firft wc went
, famous in
In him ended the regal title among the to mount Calvary, and afcending many Mount
)etween Da-
'Jews, but not the calamities of Jerufa- rteps, entred into a fmall church, flip- Calvary.
vhilft Smil's
lem, fince not only the city was afterwards pos'd by the Greeks to be the place where
ountain next
deftroy'd, but its famous temple wholly Abraham, by order from God, would
e Pbilifliam
i I alio faw
overthrown by the emperor 'Titus, who have facrific'd his fon Ijaac. few fleps A
with famine and fword flew a million and further is a dark vault, formerly St. Pe-
ihili,where
an hundred thouland citizens about the ter's p.; ton, and tne Turks ftill make ule
Handing (if
year of our lord 71. He that would have of it as fuch.
e two difci-
a further account of its miferies, may find In another Greek church, which was
Lnew our fa-
enough of it in both lacrcd and prophane once the houle of Zibedee, they fhew
d.
hiftories, that being a fjbjeft from my the place, where St. John Evangelijl, and
n about the
purpofe. St. James's fons were born and behind
d mc to go
;
The prefent Jenifulem is not the fime it the apartments that belong'd to the
«, that the
it was formerly, tor its compafs is lefs knights of the holy fepulcher. Then
:eivethe iri-
than three miles, and the inhabitants un- we pafs'd through a midling arch, which
:en at Jeru-
der 20000. Ic is fcatcd at the foot of they the iron gate, through which
call
accordingly
the aforementioned mountains, high on St. when delivcr'd out of prilbn,
Feter,
no body at
the weft, and low on the eaft. It has went out ot the city with the ancrel.
;
rto the mo-

fix gates, which arc tholi; of Rethlem, Not far from thence we came into St.
)Utany ftop i
mount Sion, Sterquilinia, or the dunghil- Mark's houfe, where they fay St. Peter^
bme mifliap,
gate, St. Stephen's, Herod's, and of Da- when the angel left him, withdrew to
d fend fome
mafcus 1 befides the golden gate, which meet the rell: of the apoftles ; who are
the Turksy
is fhut up. The walls are not ftrong, fiid to have there begun to baptize in a
le place ap-
nor have they any bailions, but fmall ftone-font, ftill to be feen at prefent
;
as they did.
towers, without cannon, or a ditch, ex- this place is a little church of Sirians.
ftery, where :1
cept on the weft fide, where it is not At a fmall diftance is the houfe where
[very courte-
very deep. Clofe by is the caftle built St. Thomas liv'd, which now is a Mofque,
is monaftery
by the Pi/ans, on the ruins of David's and the houfes of the three Marks, of
convenient.
tower, which reaches over the walls of Cleophas, of James, antl of Salome, into
in the litde
the city. There is but a fmall garrifon which there is no entering, becaule they
nd, and two
in it, and fome pieces of cannon dif- are inhabited by Turkijh women. Fur-
rt the arch.
mounted, which they dream to have been ther on, entering into a fpacious court,
id black and
Godfrey of Bolloign's. 1 he old caftle, I fiw the church of St. James, with a
lin point is,
when David had fix'd his court in it, good monaftery inhabited by fifty Arme-
ind devoutly
after expelling the JebufUes, was by him nian fathers. There are two great gates
callM Sion. to the Church, which is fupported by
In the city they drink no other water four large pillars, making a fquare, and
but wJiat they keep in ciftcrns, which three ifles, laid with good marble. Ic
Hours the belly like a purge ; tor that was built by the Spanijh nation, in ho-
of the Fonsjignatus runs only to the tem- nour of St. James, who was beheaded
ple of Solomon, and the Cadi's Palace, and in that place •, antl the particular fpot
for many years paft water is as dear as on which he fufier'd martyrdom is feen
feen about bread. The city and country about is in a fmall arch, in the third chappcl on
|eftimony oj'
govcrn'il by a Saiigiack, fubordinate to the left fide of the gate. In the firft on
now quite
the Bajfa of Damafcus. the fame worfliip'd the body of
fiile, is
Ithrougli the The fathers had been lliut up (even Sx.. Macarius, Billiop of 7<T;(/'tf/cw. The
1 terrible ha-
months by nifon of the plague, which Armenian patriarchs on the right
feat it
|d times by had rag'd all about them and the chri-
-,
hand of the altar. mile of the
In a >
Ves were not ftiansbeing to be admitted to the blefled womens little church, on the left of the
tiic Ion of
facrament, within a few days, the time great one, there are three fpeckleil ftones,
\biis his fon ?
was anticipated tor my fake. Hereupon on the biggcrt whereof, brought from
nor Solo- Vol.. IV. I mount
mon''i
q^^
G::\iEi.i.i mount broke the tables of
Siihii, Mofis of the holy places, and afterwards re-
''"''
tlic law, when the {u-ojile woukl not paiiM by Suneb.i, Qi,ieen of Naples and
^'''''"*'''^
keep it i the other on tlie right was Sicily.
taken out of the river Joriian, near the On mount Sion, which is clofe by. Mount
place where Ciirill was baptiz'd by antl where the ruins of David's jjalace^""-
St. Johr. the tliird on the lett, was on
; are Hill to be fecn, is another fmall but
mount Tb.ihor, in the very I'lace wliere ne.it church, kept by the Armenians, in
our Saviour was transliirur'il. All the the place where Caiphas the high priell's Ciipbat'i
pilgrims that come to vilit the holy pla- houle llooti, in ti.e porch whereof was hmiic,
tes, are well treated by thele (ircck fa- the fire at which St. Peter was v.'arming "°*'' >
''''"''''•
thers, who find them good lodgings, and himfelf, when he deny'd chrill t hree
Hi Itables for their horfes. times; and therefore they lliew in the
Houfc Going out of the city at king David's, wall of the fame church, the place where
or mount .S';o« gate, we ftw tl>e bury- the cock crow'd, the pillar not being
gill JicJ.
ing place of our catholick chrillians,
all there at prclent. They alfo fhew on the
and clofe by the remainder
of an old Utt of the altar, a vault in which Chrilt
wall of the huufe in wliiih the blelVed was confinM anil li ourg'd the firll time.
virgin dyM, and St. 'Jcbn laid mafs fome- On the altar is tix'd, and takes up a
timts. great part of it, the iVone of the holy
Cliurch of Tiien paying a zecchine, I went in to It'pulcher, wliich the Armenians took
ihc apo- lee tiie church ot the holy apollle.s, from that church, during the war of
aic9 m,iclc
po^ |-j,rves for a Mofquc. It h.is
^v|,i|^.|, Candid, when it was given then in cu-
'•''"'^'
but one ifle, but large after the falliion ftody, the catholick fathers being caft
of tile country, with only two pillars. into prifon. In this fame place Judas
At tiie wed emi is the tower or Itceple, loUl Chrill for thirty pieces of money,
whence the SuiUohc calls the people to and here he rellor'd them to go hang
prayers. A tew (teps lead down to the himfelf in defpair.
und'cr-ciuirch, which is low, but longer In a crols-way without the city, they
than the upper. In this place our .Sa- fhew'd me where the blelTed virgin
viour kept tiie pallbver with his difci- wrought the firll miracle after her
ples, inllituting holy liicra-the moft death, as the apofllcs were carrying
mcnt of the l-'uciiarifl ; appear'd to them her body to bury it in the valley of Jo-
after his refurrection, and conlecrated fa; bet.
U St. 'yamci billioi)

the holy
.ipoilles
of Jcnifalcm.
gholt
Here
in iiery tongues.
came down
I
u|ion
litiier
the
they
Returning into the city by the fimc
gate, I took notice, behind the garden of
the monallery of St. James, of the hoiife
fay St. Peter came when he was by the ot Annas, where Chritf was bound to i\n .inr.n'a
angel deliver'd out of j)rifon , St. Mat- olive-tree, the Iiranches whereof arc flill 'kjuIc a
tb'hn was elected into the number of the in the porch of the church built there, '''"''•''•
apollies, indead of Ju<hi5 v St. Stephen and held in great veneiation by the Arme-
was made deacon witii his (ix compa- nians th.it olliciate there. On the left
nions the .njollles hid themli'lves du-
-, hand within the lame church, they fliew
ring the perf-cution ot king /Igrippu \ the dooi, now m.ide up, at whii h our
and they iicid the couniM where it was Saviour went our, after he had been cxa-
tiecreed tliat circumciiion was not necef- min'd, concerning his doftrine and difci-
lary. Here the pillar was kept at which ples,antl llruck over the fice.
i our Saviour was Icourg'ti. Here St. Pe- We went out

at again at the Porta Ster-
ter faid his firll: mafs on the fcad of qidlinia, or dunghill-gate, lb cali'd be-
Penteen;}, as ilid St. John. Here is to c.uife of the tilth hard by it, thorough
*!,. be leen King David's lepulcher iixteen which our Saviour was led bound to
fpans long, made by Solomon. Some Annas. An hundred paces from it I
authors alii) affirm tint St. Stephen's law a grot or cave, now ruin'd, where
tomb is here. Near the Ceiiaeulttm, or St. Peter bitterly bewail'd his oftince in
great room, they fhew the place where denying his mailer.
king Maniijfes was buryM. They will F.ntring the city again, we went down Where i',»
nave it, tint the lamb our .Saviour eat towards the lower p.ut, and p.il1i\l tho-b. vinn
with his difciples at the lail fupjicr was rough a g.irden unikr the arches of"'" r'>;
'"'"'
roalled nivler the flairs that come ilown the temple, where the virgin ^Tary was
to thia pl.;ie -, which as it may be likely, preli-ntetl by her parents. It was once
is a matt.r of no moment. Without the ,1 (hurch cali'd ot the Prefentaticn, with
(hurch ii the ciilern, where the apolUes .1 monallery of nuns v but is now a
parterl in order to go preach the fiith Mof'/ne, where the Turks keep their young
t uoughout the worlcl. This church was daugliters to be educated under the
li'P
built by St. Helen, as were .dl the others tuition of certain matrons, till they
are
I I
; ;
Book I.
^âp. VII. 0/ TURK Y. 31
;rwar(.ls re-
are marriageable. The flrufture is mag- well, ftands the altar on which the Co/i/i GEMtLi.i
Naples and
nificent, being built of very large fmooth priefts faymafs ; on the right is that ''''^3'
ftones, t!ie leait of them being lour fpans of the Jaccbita: on the left that of'-^'^'^
;
; clofe by. Mount
fquare i and i>y what could be dillern'd the Gregorians ; the high altar without
:,'(V/'s pal.ice ^"''•
going under it with a light, the church them belongs to the Armenians ; on the
T fin.ill but
is large witii feven out lets, compos'd right that of the Siriam, and behind
mr/iians, in
of the fix order:;, each of which has that of the Grecians. Within another
liigli prielt's c,„-pi,ar,
three pillars. very little chappel, to which there are
vluTC'ot' was hnulc,
Going along the Bazar, or market, we two fmall doors, is the altar where the
as warming""^" »
came to the gite call'd Speciofa, through bleffed virgin was bury'd, which is
du-ill- tlircc^''"'-^'''-
which Chrill entred when he went to the ferv'd by our catl.olicks ; there I heard
llicw in the
temple, and diljiutetl with the doctors. ma("s, celebrated by two fathers of St.
place wiiere
The blefled virgin entred at the fame Saviours. Without the church on the
not being
when came
to prefent the chiki Je-
Ilie right is the grotte, or cave, where our
ihew on tiic
fiis in hands of holy Simeon, and
the fiiviour fweated blood. It was enl.irg'd
wiiich Clirilt
there it was St. Peter he.d'd the Para/i- and made more liglufomc, that it might
firlt time,
L-
thk. Tliis leads to long and lefty arch- contain a greater number ol chrillians
taices up a and bccaute (befides
es that run to the temple of Solomon, ab- tlie inconveniency)
ot the holy
folutcly for!)id being fcen by chriftians. it feem'd lefs decent to go into it from
Lilians took
Monday the laft diy of Jiigi'fl, I the garden of (!e/hilmaiii, throus'Ji that
tiic war of narrow hole our iaviour went in m, t!ie
went to lee tlie hofpital of St. [Iclcn,
then in cu-
which dly a great Itrudure.
is re It was door was made which ferves now, the
s being cad
built to lodge tnc pilgrims th.it vificed other being Unit up out of refpect. There
place Judas holy For which purpolb rem.iin in garden of Gethi'ema-
this
the pl.i<es. ftill
, of money, are linvral long gdkri's, iind ni eight olive trees, which as they fay,
thei'e
to go hang there ftill n•^^û^ leven great cauldrons, are fprung from thofe that were there
in wlii.li they drel^M meat for the ])oor. when our faviour pray'd ; the ninth hav-
e city, they
The now do the fame, giving
Turki ing been burnt by the Turks. 'I'here
efTed virgin is alio the place where
alms fome day; even to chriilians. the blelled virgin
: after her Goiri'" on near the gate of Crdron, now was, whill St. Stephen was Iton'd ; °as
ttthefJa
ere carrying
Pool. call'd St. Stephen's, I was Ihewn the Pif- alio where (lie left her girdle to St. Tho-
/alley of Jo- cina Probatha, or Pool of Bethejda, where mas. In other refpefts it is no fruitful
our faviour heal'd the man that had Iain place, being for the mofl part bare rock ;
ly the Time thirty eight years under his diflemper. but there are excellent figs, whereof I
he garden of paces long, fixty in many
It is a hundred eat as as I coukl, the fuhers in-
of houfe
tiie
breadth, and forty in depth, all made of viting me fo to do, becaufe the jilace
bound to an .•/«„/, good If one. In the upper llreet is tb.e belongs to them, through the charity of
rcof are (liil '"juIc »
an hngli/h-M.\n, who liought it of a
houfe of the Phai-ifee, where St. Alary
'''"f*^'^-
built there, Magdalen pour'd forth her precious oint- A'labomeian to give it to them.
y the ylnne- "5 ment on the feet of our Lord, wafhing Returning to the city, I went along
'
the left ? them with her tears, and wiping them the dolorous llreet (which begins at Pi Pint's
they fhew ,:' with her hair ; by which means Hie ob- lat's houfe, and ends at mount Calvary) Houfe.
wliith our tain'dpardon of her fins. In memory the fune way our faviour pals'd with
Jjk
le
been cxa-
and difci-
9*
whereof there is adjoining to it a devout the crofs on his back. Firll we went
chappel of the invocation ot the lame into Pilat'i houfe (near whi. h is a black
flint -, tho' the houfe is inhabited by arch'd room, where our Lord was li ourg'd
Pcrtd Ster- 'Tiirh. Near the lame gate of St. Stephen, the fecond time) and went up other Ikurs
callM be- adjoining to the wall of the city, is the than tnoli; our Iaviour was carry 'd up,
thorough houle of St. Jnne, where the blelfetl vir- which were long fince remov'd to Seala-
l)OLind to gin was born, with a good church, but Santa at Rome. In the firft lloor is a
troin it I
not well adorn'd, as being in the power lightlbme arch'd room, which was the
n'li, wiiere of Mahomeldiii. Without the gate, a- Pretorium, or court, where PU.tl gave
olunce in long a ihett tliat goes down I was fhewn fentence of death againft our Iaviour •,
the place where St. Stephen was tlon'd, lere being a l()rt of Divan, or place
went down Where f',^ and the cilU-rn cut out of the folid hard lifted up one Hep 1 Jnder it
: is a dark
[).llli\i tho-b. virgin rock into which his body was calt. room, now made a liable, in which our
i
;u-ches "''*
oi P";
K A 0\mc'.\ Cioing further, beyonti Cedron I went Lord was crown'd with thorns. Going
Mary was''^""-'^'- Si.nivcr.il into the church where the blelTed virgin up to the top of the houfe, I took a full
was once I N i;ion .
wjs bary'd. D blending forty feven Hep;, view of Siilom')n\ temple.
tiic II, with :y I law on the ri ^ht, the altars, where St. This temple was built by th.it king, SJomn's
is now a V; Joachim, and St. .inne were bury'd, with an incredible charge, in the fpace '''^"'I'l':
u'ir young and on the left about half way the
I of eight years, laying out on it, not
under the "|| Hairs, where St. Jofeph was interr'd only his own cxcellive wealth, but al-
till they on the floor of the church, near the io the rich fpoils his father had t.iken
"I
are from
32 A Voyage round the JVorld. Book I.
Ch
4 GsMELLifrom
^3' ing of
his fncmies. I will
its glory and inagni licence,
forbear Ipcak-
be- the
In the fquare
balcony,
isthe arch that fupported The phce
or open gallery, where ^^["^'"^
'-'''^'^^ him
caufe holy writ fpeaks of it at large, Pilat (liew'd to the jjcople, Ciying,
^fl"'
and fliall only by the by hint at the ma- Behold the Man ; and there is no tioubt
ny calamities it under at fcveral
fell of its being the lame, becaufe the ftones
times. Firll, Sefac, king of Egypt, rob'd worn by time teflilie its antiquity.
it of all its ornaments, being afterwards Further on is the door, through which
rcllor'd by king Jojias ; in tiie eighteenth the virgin pafTed to meet our
blelTed
year of his reign, it was again utterly iaviour, not being able to come the
fubverled by the impiety of king Zfê- (Irect-way becaufe of the throng and •,
cbhih i who went not unpunifli'd for his feeing him fall down under the weight where
wickedncfs, being taken prifoner by of the (he fiinted ; for which Chriilia
crofs,
Ncbucbadnezzr.r, and his eyes put out, reafon, church that now (lands in
the
after he had fecn his wretched Ions cut that place is call'd of the Suooning.
in pieces. Being again rebuilt, Antio- There they fay, Simon Cyreneus help'd
chiis the ion of Sdeucui plundei'd, and to carry the crofs. A
few paces fur-
prophan'd if, and being iUll reltor'd, ther, is the little houfe of Lazarus, and
ino* not to its iirft fplcndor, it was de- further ftill, that of Dives, hûh on
(Iroy'd by tiie emperor Titus, and the arches, under which, there is a tho-
whole city fubvcrted in t!ie year of roughfare. In this the governijur lives. Other pjr-
Chrift feventy one. At laft Aihian the in Pilat's the Bajfa, and in Herod's one ticuUrs.
emperor, on its ruins, trcfted a temple Muftapha a Ttirk. In fime llreet

the
to Jupiter, after lie iiad fubdu'd tiic rebel- of (brrov/, is the little houfe of St. Ve-
lious country of Jury ; not to mention o- ronica, who, as rhe antient tradition af-
thcr vicifTituties, this wonderful ftruiturc firms, brought a cloth to wipe our fa-
has run through fince rhofc times, lb that viour's face, and the pifture of it, re-
1-:
it is now quite another thing than what it main'd imprinted on it. Not far from
was. it is the juflice gate, through which
What I could obferve from the afore- our faviour went out, with the crofs on
faid place, is a large fquare a mile about, his back, now fhut up where there is -,
with twelve gates. About it there are a marble pillar, on which the fentence
many chappels, and dwellings of priefls, of death was afHx'd according to cuflom. V.itlcy of
Jof,irh.it.
as alio the Cadi\ palace, where our pa- At a little diftance is a fmall tower of
triarch once liv'd, and feveral trees in the hard ftone, which cieferves not the name
middle. Tiience they go into the fecond of a fort, call'd the tower AntonianOy
place which is round, and lefs than a where Saladine fortify'd hiinfelf, when
quarter of a mile in compafs, enclosM he took the holy city ; and hard by
with walls, with feveral (lately gates and are the ruins of me palace of Godfrey
marble pillars. In the midll of this place of Bolloign, king of Jertifakm.
is Solomon's temple, in the form of an That iîme Monday m the evening,
oftogon, with four gates diametrically the father Guardian perform'd the ce-
oppofue to one another, built on the remony of wafliine mine, and fix other
out-fidf of tile, or' hard brick, till where religious pilgrims feet, with lb much fo-
the cupola begins, which is of lead, lemnity, that it lafled two hours. This
which clolcs it beautifully. Adjoining to good religious man, whole name is F.
the temple on the eaft-fide, is .ui open John Baptij} d' Amine, daily cxercifes
gallery, fupported by fmall pillars, where himfcif in virtuous afts of chriftian hu-
they (ay, there is a flone brought from mility, even to wafliing the dilhes of
mount Olivet, on which our laviuur (tood the refedory. I am much oblig'd to
when he afcended into heaven. I could his goodnefs, becaufe he continually at-
dil'fover nothing elle at that diltance, for tended me in fome indifpofition I had,
the Turki put to death all chriftians that anti treated me affectionately with fwcet-
go into it, or oblige them to renounce meats of the country.
their faith. Going out on Tuefday the firll of Sep-
U,-roT% Oppofite to Pilai's, is lIero(l\ houfe, tember, betimes in the morning at Beth-
P.iUcc- tho' all late built, and little of antiquity to lehem gate, and afceiuling to mount 5;'-
be feen in it; yet we went in at a little cn, the way the a|)olllLS carry'd the
door, the full being (hut, near which is a blefTed virgin to her tomb, as has been
fm.ill arch, where our redeemer (tooti, belaid bcfoie ; I was fhewn oppofite to it,
fore he was carry'd into Hero/Ps prefencc ; the valley call'd of I!l-CounJel, becaufe Vjiiey rt
and going up, we fiw the court of jultice, there Caipboi and his lounleilors rclblv'd Conn ill
like a little hall, where he was exaniin'tl our fiviour flioukl die; which has allbf"-''-
by Herod, and not anfwcring clad in a given the name to the little village, in-
white garment, and lent back, to Pi/at. habited by Ar,ibs, un the top of the
mountain,
;
Book I.
Chap. VIII. 0/ TURK Y. 33
that fupported Tlic plice
allery, where ^^'"^'<: mountain, which over-looks the valley. Going up again, went to fee the two Gemelli
I
cople, Hiving, ^['n«;v;, Going over a -foot to the further end of arches of the golden gate, through '''93-
e is no doubt tlie laid valley, we found feveral tombs which our faviour cntreil in triumph on <-^V^
lufe the (tones of 7?wj, and at tlie foot of the mountain, Palm Sunday, but it is now Ihut, s was
itiquity. the holy fiekl, bought with the thirty fiiid before. Alter evenfong, the holy
through which pieces of money Chrill was fold for, to fepulcher being open'd, I went in to
to meet our bury pilgrims. ThL fepulcher is thirty vifit all the holy places belonging to it.
to come the foot fquarc, cut out of the rock. In the Having heard mafs betimes on Sun- B,ibiinia.
throng ; and upper part of it, there are fome vent- day morning, being the 2d of Septem-
ler the weight where holes, through which tlie Armeniam let ber, I mounted one of the father pro-
i; for which Chrirti«ii. down their dead bodies. Bslovv that is curator general's horfes, and fet out for
low Ibnds in the cave, where eight of the apoilles hid Bethania, attentled by the interpreter
tlie Suooning. themlclves, when Chrift was crucified and fathers. Having travell'd a mile
'yreneus help'd and below that again, is a deep well, and a half on the mountain, I was fliewn
;w paces fur- where Nehemiah the high prieft hid the the place where Chrift coming from tlie
Laziiruf, and holy fire, when the Jeivs were carry'd river Jordan, curs'd the fig-tree, of
ves, lijiilt on captives to Babshn. A little higher is which no memory remains. Beyonil that
:re is a tiio- the place, where the prophet Ifaiah was on the right hand is a great svall, which
vernour lives, Other par faw'd <n the middle ; and a white mul- they fay, is an outlet of the houle of
n Herod's one licuLirs. bcry n inftcad of the cedar, that open'd Simon the leper, who invited our Savi-
' ianie llreet and hid iiim in its trunk. Clofe by the our. Below that, aid above the city
of liiid mulbery tree, is the pool of Siloe, Bethania, is the caftle of Lazarus,
ife St. ye-
[ tradition af- where our Lord gave fight to the blind whereof a wall is flill fVanding fourteen
wipc our fa- man. It is all artificial, forty fpans long, fpans jiick, and as firm as a rock.
ire of it, re- fixtecn in breadth, and twenty in depth, Under it, cntring at a narrow door,
Not with water in it, which is not very good, there is a ik'fecnt of twenty eii'lit fleps
far from
rough which and runs out to the fountain, where they to his ffpulchcr, cut like the^cft out
fay, our bleffed lady wafh'd the linnen of of the hard rock. FirlV, there is a lit-
the crofs on
there is
k'lierc her inf mt Jefus ; there are above twenty tle room, out of which is a palla.re
the fentence ftcps down to the water. through a narrow hole, that was (hut
ig to ciiftom. Valley of
Proceeding along the valley of Jofa- up with a ftone to another, where there
Jofafh.it. I>ha!, they fliew'd me on the right, the is only a final! altar, to fay mafs up-
lall tower of
not the name country houfe of Siloe, where Solcmon on the very tomb, whence he wa^ cal-
kept his concubines, and on the top of led by our Saviour. Above that, is (een
Ir Antonianay
the hill, the palace of the daughter of the found.uion of St. Mar-i Mat^dulen's
mfelf, when
Pb.inioh king of /i^}'/>/ 1 which for that houfe, and of ALirtha'i^, with a\-iftern
ind hard by
reafon, is now call'tl the mountain of fcan- cut in the ftone, whole water I found
: of Godfrey
lt:m.
dal. At the end of the fame valley, and was not gootl to ihink.
at the foot of another mountain, which Not far they Ihew a fharp ftone,
off,
:he evening,
is the very fiine on which Judas hang'd on which they lay, our Saviour late,
m'd the ce-
himfelf on one of Pharaoh's fig-trees, whilft he svas talking to Martha about
ind fix other
are the fepulchers of the 'Jfivs^ who on the death of Lazarus ; and going on the
fo much fo-
that fcore, pay the Turks a Zeccbine a way of mount Olivet on the right, in
lours. This
day, whether they bury or not. Further the place call'd Bettafen, they fliew a hil-
name is F.
on, is the icpulcher of Zachar'uib, the lock, where Chrift mounted upon t!ic afs,
ily cxercifcs
fon of Barachias, who was flain between to enter Jerufalem upon a Palm Sunday.
rhriftian hu-
tlie temple and the ;Jtar, all of one piece, Abovc_ that is mount Olivet, whence
: difhes of m,,„„.
cut out of the rock :clofe oy which is Chrift afcended into heaven, leaving
oblig'd to 0/.:,/!
the cave in which St. Jtimi-s hid himfelf, two prints of his feet one of
bchini,
linually at-
when our fiviour wascrucify'd, fwearing. which was carry'd into Solomon's tem-
)n I had,
'
He would twl cat, till he jaw him rifen ple, and rhe other remains there upoi
with fwcet-
from the Dead; for which reafon, our fii- a hard pebble ftone. This place is ihut
viour appear'd to him the third d.iy, up within a round chappel, the key
!irfl: of Sep-
iig at Belh-
bringing him I'omcthing to eat. A few whereof is kept by a Mehmelan San-
paces fui-ther, is the fepulcher of Abfalom, tone. Next, in a great court, enclos'd
niouiit Si-
all of a piece as far ;vs the firll cornilli, with a wall,
irry'd the
1 fiw the ftone on uhich
like î.James'^ cave, and it being empty, the apoilles fite, cill'ii Firi Ga'iliri,
s has been
I went in as far as the cupola. Behind or men of Galilee. Defcendinn;
)fitc to ir, from
this was mile fuch another fepulcher, the mount on the left haml,
•/, Ix'Caufe Valley a pVll.ir lies
M cut out of the hard rock to bury king Jo- on the ground, near wliirh, tl.e anpel
r.s rcfoiv'd ill Conn
faphat. In the midft of the brook Cedron, appear'd to the blclled virgin, who was
li has alfo (<-'•
which at prefent is quite dry, on a Hone, vifiting the pLues of the pallion, giving
illage, in-
is to be fecn the printof our laviour's toot
her a branch of palm ticc, as a prelage
>p of the
when he fell there, as he was leil bound. of her deatli and on lame
nountain,
, the fide Is ,
K^ the
',
"):i
34 yl Voyage round the World. Book I.
Gemelli the cave, wlicre St. Pi-lagia liid pcnnance chcrs arc certainly the mod: rare ami
III '^93' ;ind ily\i. wonderful work to be leen at Jcnifalem \
'"'"^^'^ the place, wiicre and the more becauli; all the necelfiiries
Oppofite to it, is
tliey iiiy, Chrill: conposM the lord's for (liutting and opening are m.uleof the
prayer ; at a fmall ihllanre on the right, lame Ifone.
wlicre hewept on the city of Jcrufalnn Going thence towards tlie wall of
(now there is a hoiiiej and not far the city, is Jcremialf^ dungeon, which
from it he preach'd to the apollles up- is a double arch'd pool, in which they
if!
s '
on tiie day of iiiJgment. Lower ftill lay, that prophet ilood up to the neck,
are the fepukhcrs of the Prophets, tli.it in water. A'' thele places are feen at
oiên'd at our Siiviour's death ; and the expence of a few Mnliiirs, or fix-
Belbla
twelve caves cut in the rock, where the jiences, becaule the miierable condition
I rejx)rt
crt;d.
is, that die apoillcs
There being no going to the river

compos'd the of thofe /Inih makes them be fuisfy'd
with a little.
Thiirjihiy the thiril, the flither procura-
Jordan ar any time but Eajlrr, when there tor lent me his liorfe to go to Beth'.ebem,
are many [lilgrims, and a good guard ordering two interpreters and three fa-
of foldiers for fear of the Jriibs 1 was ; thers to bear me company. could We
iatisfy'il V ith beholding it from the top not get out of the city betimes, becaule
of mount Olivet, as altii the ilead fea, the 'I'Krki k.-pt the gates flnit, by rea-
where the Hve cities ot Sodom, Gomorra, fon of the prayers, the grand feignior
&r. were ileltroy'd and which they told
; had order'd to be every Thtirfiiay,
laid
me was i6o miles long, and fixteen in for the good fucccfs of the war the •,
breadth, and its water very ftinking. which being ended, and the gai'es open-
Tiiey alfo (hew'd me at a diftance an- eti, we went on, feeing near the city
other mountain, called of the ^ârenme, Balbjfh'ha's bath, cndos'd with high walls,
I-: one hundred paces in length, forty in
where Chrift failed forty days.
After vefpers, going out at the gate breadth, and thirty in depth, lo liated,
of Damafcui, a Dervis came to open us that it might be overlook'd from king
their Mofque, where there is a vaft cave D(ivi(l\ palace, which flood on the fide
cut in the folid rock, 150 paces about, of the hill, as has been liiid before.
and thirty in height. In the midil of it, Two miles from ''Jc-ufulcm, on the
is a large plain place, where they fiy, left, is a fig-tree, in the very pl.ice where
the prophet Jfrnnuil walk'd, when he the oak was planted, under which the
compos'd his Lami'iittitions ; and up high virgin M.ar\ reiled with the infmt Jefus,
on the right hand coming in, the (tone when file came to j^relent hiin in the
on which he iay. Halt a mile further, tcinple, Oppofite to it, but a mile from
are the tombs of three kings cut out th.e road, on the to[) of the hill, is a
of the rock. The firft entrance is tho- tower, where they fay, St. Simeon dy'd.
rough a narrow hole, ail crawling on Further on, in the mklll of the way,
fours, into a handfome room fifteen toot is a ciltern, near which, the three wife
fquare, in which there are little doors. men f.iw the liar again, and on the right
The tirll on the left, leads to a room of the road, a few paces from it, there
little lefs than the other, about which, appear two wdh flanding, which, as
there are fix other fmall doors, being they fay, belong to c'lC houfe where the
the palfagc to as many tombs. The fe- prophet llahakkuk was, when the angel
comi door is the way to fucli another carry'd him to Babylon, to give food to
room, containing fev^n fcpulchres but -,
Daiiirl in the lion's den. At a fmall di-
there arc two or dirce tombs in every flance is the place where Eluis the pro- Place of
one, and particularly one of marble un- phet relied, when he tied the perfecutioa our S.ivl-
cover'd, where they faid, a king had ot Jczahti ; a plain jiroof whereof, is oiir'. birth
been biiry'd. The third alfo, is a tho- the print of his limbs left in the hard
roughfare to a room, that 'us nine lit- rock on the right li.iiid of the road.
tledoors to other Sepulchers, with two The Greeks in memory hereof, have built
or three burying places on a fide. Kn- a n jnaftery dole by on the left, under
tring at one of thefc doors artificially the lame title, where they celebrate the
made of marble, and which only is now ilivine office.
ftandiivj,, of many more there were, we Further on the right, there is ftill ftar''
faw another king's tomb ojieii, which ing part of the wall of the tower where
had for its device a bow, and a bottle Jiuob rtfled, wlu n he cainc out of Ate-
carv'd at the head of it. 'I'lie fourth door Joppiomia ; and the remains of tlie fepul-
in the firfl room gives pafiage, tho' ilitfi- chcr ot his wife Rii-bel, who dy'd there,
cult, to the third royal fepulchcr, whofc are half a mile fiu tlier.
^ marble tomb is broken. Thcfe fcpul-
Before
Book I.
rare and rock. Gemelt
Before we came into Bethlehem, we
(1
black, and unequally cut out in the i
: 'Jcruj'alem ;
took notice of the cillern, of whofe wa- On the well fide it has been a little en- ''"'.v
L' nccclTlirics larg'd, that might contain the faith-
'-'^'"^
ter, Ddv'ul having a defire to drink, yet it
made of the
afterwards refus'd bccaufe his comman-
it, ful ; the floor is pav'd with a marble,
ders pafs'd through the midlt of the ene- and all the place breaths fanclity and
lie wall of about with great devotion.
mies army that lay it,
fcon, which From the church of Cathe-
danger of their lives to fetch it for him. liitle St, Buriil of
wiiich they we came there ilark delcent of twenty ii'iioccnts.
At laff, after fix miles riding, rine, is a
to the nfck four fteps cut
to .1 cave, the rock,
to Bctb'.du-m, and reiletl our ielves in the in
arc feen at where many of the holy
innocents were
monartery of the Capuchb:s.
nci, or (ix-
Bcthhhcm, the moll glorious city in bury'd, that were llain by llerud ; and
SiibUkim.
ile condition
the world, for the birth, not of Benja- an altar crcdled in honour of them. On
be fttisfy'd
min, but of the Saviour of the world, the left is St. Jofepb'i chappel, whither
is feated in î degrees of latitude ; thinly they lay, he retir'd at the birth of our
her procura- inhabited, and by very few catholicks. Saviour and then going uj) ten fteps,
:
:oBethlehem^ Being feated on a plealant hill, it enjoys there is door at tlie foot of the
anotlier
ml three fa- excellent air, fo that St. Pciula the cave of the nativity. Turning back at
ar
We couUI Roman had much reafon to choole it the entl of thcli.- ftairs on the right, a
nies, becaiile for her place of abode, ami dy'd there little door leads to a path cut in the
Hit, by rea- in the year 40a. The chief church of rock; on the right hand whereof, is the
Miid feignior this city, reftor'd not long fince by the tomb of St. I'Jifi-biiis the abbot ; and then
ry Thurj'day, Greek religious men to the catholicks, again, entring into a little cave on the
le war ; the is one of the beft in the cifl, for it has right, is the lonib of St. Jerome; and on
; ga'"es open- five itles, made by four rows of good the left that of St. Pciitia, and of Eiiftd-
ear the city marble pillars, ten in a row, in all for- chia her daughter. Beyond that, in an-
th h\^h walls, ty ; bcfides which, tiicrc are ten in the other larger room is St. Jerome's orato-
;th, forty in choir, which is enclos'd quite round with ry, where he tianflated the holy bible.
h, fo liated, a The pavement is handfome, and
wall. On the left of the church, there are ccr
d from king the roof of a proportionable height. tain flately oracles, fupported by five
d on che fide The monaftery has a good garden, and pillars, where they lay, the fame Saint
before. convenient lodgings, in which, twelve re- taught ; at prcfent it fervcs the Armenians
liin, on the ligious men live. They have another for a liable.
y ylice where fmall church, iledicatcd to St. Catherine, After ilinncr, I went about to fee the
er which the pav'd with good marble of the country, other memorable jil.iccs without Bet!.!:-
infant Jefus, which they in.ule ufe of, before they re- hem. In the fiilt place, about a mile
him in riie cover'd the great church. The Greek and a half out of the city, I law in a
t a mile from fathers have alio their church and mona- plain, the village aiul cave of the Ihep-
he hill, is a ftery ad'ioyning to the g.'eat one, fepa- lierds, to which there is a defcent of fif-
Simeon dy'd. race from tiiat of the Armenians, which teen lleps under ground. Within u is an
lof the way, is near to the great gate, with a way altar to mafs, and by it an arch, un-
fliy
c three wife into our church, that they may have der which, there was formerly a church,
on the riyiht the conveniency of worfliipping the holy fince decay'd wirh age. In this fame vil-
,om it, there manger, and the place where our S.iviour lage, now aliiiolt difinhabited, is the ci-
which, as was born. There is a defcent to th'3 flern they call our lady's bccaufe flie •,
e where the happy, and moft venerable place, out pairing way, and being refus'd
that
n the angel of the choir of the great ciuirch, down drink, the water of it felf miraculoufly
give food to two oppofue llair-caies of fixtecn ftcps fwell'd up to the brim, and when flie
t a fmall di- each. had drank, return'd to its place, as is
If'ji the pro- Place of The very place of the nativity, at the deliver'd by tradition. Three miles thence
pcrieciition our Sni- end of the cave, is cover'd with a great appears a round hill, whii'i they call of
cur', birth
whereof, is marble itone, in reverence to it, on the French % bccaufe that devout and va-
in the hard which a flar is cut ; and they ufe to Hiy lorous nation, maintain'd it (v]^ there
the road. mafs, as on an altar. The manger is forty ye.irs after the taking of Bethalia,
,
havebuilr adorn'd the beft it could be, with three which was at the foot of the hill. There
left, under pillars, one in the middle, and the others arc ftill remains of flrutiUires on the
lebrate the at the ends. In the angle, a flep lower, top.
are two other fmali pillars of an equal Within Bethlehem, a piflol fhot from Oml.iJv's
IsltillftaP''- bignefs, between which, is a thing like the monaflery, is the cave call'd ouriw.:.
jwer where .1 manger, of marble, wirh a tittle fpace lady's, bccaufe the blefiTeti virgin reti-
J)iit of Mc- in it, big enough to hold an infant ; red thither as was flying to /''(jv//.
llie
m the fepiil- and op|iolitc to it is tl-.e llonc, on which l''.ntring through a narrow hole, there
Tly'd there, the blelfed virgin ilite, with her fon in is a defcent of ten Heps, at the bottom
her arms, when the wile men came to whereof is the little cavern, a ith an al-
adore him. This little cave is all become tar in it. True it is, the devotion ot
Before th(?
'
U'
3<S A Voyage round the World. Book I.
q^
CfMEtLi tlie faithful li.isbccn<lways making it big- Tucfdas the 14th having
heard mafs,
Holy
1693 g(,f f|,(p| jj ^_js^ by tarrying away fome and rcceiv'il the blelfeil facrament at the
'-^^^ôt'tliat white (lone, whitii is very gooil altar of the holy nativity, I lit out
for jicople in fevers, ami tor women that with the aiorclaid company. A mile
liavc their milk,
loll ami therefore it from Belhlihem, I law a jilain in the
is iMJlM tiie cave of the milk. Not
now valley, call'd Siiuhherib's fielil, where
fir from thence, arc the reinains of the the angel in one night (lew 1S5000
hol'pital, built by St. Piin.'.i. The ruins men that went to l)ellege Jeruj.itevi : but
of the moiiallery built by her, are half tiio' be certain, as deliver'd in
the llory
a mile from the llieiiheril's rave. St. Iolv writ ; yet there is much realbn to
houfe was ,1 niuskct Ihot from
Joji'i'h'^ doubt of the pKue, beta.ile of its fmall
our lady's cave i but at jircfcnt tiierc extent (or lb great a number of men to
remains no other memory of it, but encamp.
only fome fmall part ot the founda- Further forward, on the right of the
tion. hill, they told me, was the place where
Two from Bi-tblcbi-m, on the
miles the men (lint to didover by Mofes) found
way to where the prophet Ifa-
Tc-dd; that great bunch of grapes, wliich was
btikhik was born, on the top of a hill is carry'd lietwecn two. Cioing on along
Solomon'?: country houle, and a plenti- the lame valley, we came to a (buntam
country
ful fountain of water, which perhaps was of excellent water, where they told me,
houlc.
that kiny,'s delight ; as alio fomcwhat St. Phi'ip baptized c]ueen C,;/;,/,7.r's eu-
lower, his cnclos'd garden (truly enclo- nuch ; and towards the top of the moun-
fed by nature) where formerly iliere was tain, is the country houli; where that
fruit of all forts, but at prcicnt it i.s a Saint was born.
mecr field, Afcending from the garden 'Iwo miles beyond the mountain is
to the houfe, about two miles from it, the defert, where St. John B.ij/i;l liv'd
there are three great fifli-ponds, lb or- twenty three years, (lying the cruelty of
dered, that the fparc water of the up- Herod. There is to lie Icen a haw-tree,
per, falls into the 'ower. The firfl is on which they fay, the Saint fed, and a
200 paces in length, and 90 in breadth 1 fpring of good water. Going down a
the 220, and 90 ; the third of
fecond confiderable way into the hollow of the
the fimc breadth, 160 in length ; and rock, is the cave, where he led a very
all three eighteen paces in de[)th. In So- penitenti.d life, lying on a hard rotk ;
lomon's time, they were fillM with wa- there is now an altar to fay mals.
ter, from the Fans fignatm ; but the Keeping on the way towards St. John's. 7.(i:h,irj\
conduit being now ruiii'd, they receive monallery, half a mile fliort of it, is the'"'"''^-
none but rain-water. houfe of Ziicb.iry (formerly a nunnery)
'^'"cc ^ve have mention'd the Pons ftg- whither the blelfed virgin went to vifit
Fill Ct VI-
tui. )in/us, it will be convenient to inform St. Elizabeth, and there compos 'il the
the reader, that it is in the road to //<•- Magnificat. The building is half bury'd
hron, above the Hfli-ponds, and fourteen in the ground, lb that there is a dcfccnt
Ipans lower than the road ; and that of twenty five Heps. There is an altar
the water has three feveral fources, to fiy mafs, and by it, two great ar-
which being all join'd, are convey'd by ches, which were the cellar and refedlo- Thc holy
an aqueduft, to the holy city, into So- ry of the nuns 1 in the biggeft of them, fcjHiklicr.
loino>i\ temple, and the Ciui't's palace. is a cillern of extreme cold water, but
This may be fuppos'tl to have been fome not very good to drink.
place of recreation of King Sdomoii's, Thence we went to the monaflery, Si.Jckn'i.
there lu-ing feveral curious pillars, and where the fathers recciv'il us very cour-
pieces of AloUiick work aliout the hill, teoufly. 'I"he church is (mall, and has
perhips the remains of lome delightful a cupola (upported by four jiilLirs. On
manllon-houfe. tiie right, there is a defcent of ten (leps
S.OVkV^/s A mile from the aforcfaid fountain, to the place where St. John was born,
chain. js^ churcii, dedicateil to St. Cicorgr, with made in the fame maimer like our Savi-
a monaflery, inhabited by four Caloyrs, our's. On the top of a hill, oppofite to
or Greek priells, very poor, yit refpe- the defert, is a country houie, call'd Mo-
fted by tl-.e Turks for the Saint's lake, or Sui-a, in the language of the
(////,
bccaufe they have the chain he was country, in which the AJaccabees wire
bound with, which being laid upon the born, and alterwards bury'd near St. John
neck of Turk, Arab., or other ])erfon of Bdptijl'i houfe, where there are (till fe-
any religion whatfoever, infallibly cures ven arches of their tombs (laniiing. St.
madncfs. Having ktn all this, we re- Satnuel was interr'ti on the lame moun-
turn'.! very late at night to the monaftc- tain, and there is now a church on the
ry in Betilehem. place.
Four
B«o^^ I.
lir;iril mafs, Holy I'our miles from St. 'John Baptijt, in Golgotha, St. George, .St. John ^,7/)///?, f^^MfMi
nunc at tlie
the lame valley, is the mona''lcry of the St. "Mdry Magdalen, St. Michael, and '^"''
'"''"^^"^
,
I lit out
holy crofs, with thirteen Gmk lathers, in St.jlngel; kept tor the moft part by
y, A mile
the place where they lay, the wood of Greeks, Armenians, and Cojtis, who all
in the
[ilaiii
the crofs was cut. The ItruCturc is good, have tlieiij churches and dwellings in the
icKI, where tnd the church, tho' fmall, handlome ; fanieplare.lThe Creeks are about twelve,
cw I
S 5000 ;viorn'd with painting, and the pavement the /irmenians forty one, and only one
nijtiliin : but M'jj'a'uk work. C3n the high altar is a Coj'ti. The Striam and have
Jl'iffinians
o:
1 ilclivcrM ill
hole, where the tree Hood, that was cut no place there.
:h reaibn to down to make the holy crofs. 'I'he church of the holy fepulcher has
ot its Imall Dr.iwing near to Jerufalem, is the place nothing beautiful, but fpircs, piety and i.
:r of men to call'd Giboii,once the place king David devotion. It is very antient and dark,
delighted in, where Solomon was crown'd. having no light but what comes from
ri'îit of tlic
Very little appears of the llructure, be- the top of tlie cupola, dos'd '.;y a net
place wlicre fides a Hlh-pond fifty paces in length, of filed iron, tluough which, of necef-
Mnfci) found thirty in bre.idth, and fifteen in depth. fity, it rains down in winter ,ipon the
, wiiich was Here are the lepulchers of fiirks, and chajpel of the l\.>ly fepulcher, there be-
ng on along they talk as if it had been the h.djitation ing no light to be let in any other way.
a fountain of giants. It is round up to the top, with four-
all
ley toKl me, Nt)t being able to go thither for fear teen marble pillars, and fix very antie' :
'.'iiiiJrue'i eu- of the /Imk, I endeavourM at a diitance pilallers, which fupport the arciics abjuC
ot the moun- to take .1 \ iew of the place, where C'hrill the church, over tiie whiili, there .'re
L- where that fell into the lompany of the two dilli- fevcral rooms, eleven ot the Dwuiuam,
ples, Lulic and Cli-ohbus : The vill.me '•* ..luiiixof the Gnvlj, but dark, and with-
mountain is
Bcl^/jzar, where Abfaloi" ."""-lei'd his out ornament.
B.lJ!l;t liv'a brother Ji/itu;,., i^'' forcing liis filler Thcle lid: have a beauiiful church
lie cruelty of Th/tmnr . 1 h.' iioulc of Cliophas, wh^'re on the right lianj of the gate, with
1 a haw-tree, Chrilt made himlMf known in the brc.ik- good paintings, and a cupola, as alio
tcil, anil a
nt ing of bread : Tlie field cill'd Gabaon, an excellent choir, and altar near which -,
oing liown a where 'Jojlua overthrew five kir.gs mais a nLijeflick chair for heir Patriarch.
lollow of the king the fun to Hand Hill, th.'.t he mi;^;ht The Franeijlans ofFiciaj in theirs ad-
ic led a very have a coinjileat victory Samuel': foun- : joyning to the fepulcJK/, which though
I hard rock ; tain, anvl his fepulcher : Tlie 'epulchers fmall, is decently ad.rn'd. Ijiere .ijc
[inals. of the Jews : The fcpulchf^; of i]ucerv in it two roan;! piect'i of marble, near
rds St. Jo/jll's 7.a:};.>r'j\
J/ilfii, and that Df thequ.eri of S/j,:l>;; : which our Saviour a jpe.h'd to the hlet-
of it, isthc'"^"''--- The cells of St. John Chry/jjlome, St. J'ji.m fed vi'gin after his leflirreclion. Tho-
a nunnery) Damafiai, and St. Bajjl the grave wiiere ; rough an iron grate is fc.-n the iiillar,
went to vifit forty martyrs were forntt 1 he orato- : at which Ciirill was fcourg'd, wliii.ii is
ompos'd the ry of the abbot Jrf ,iiiis : The founi.iin of marble, of feveral colours, and three
half bury'd and oratory of St. uc;/;.?; 1 and laftly t'le fpans high near which is a ilone, that
;
is a defccnt cave of Eiigftldi, where David cut o'.i" die was found in the fepulcher. In the
is an altar hem of Said's garment, when he perf-.-cu- fime great church, del'cending four fleps,
o great ar- \
tcd him. is the place where our Saviour appear-
uul retcdlo- The holy Saturday the 3th, I paid fixteen piaflres, ed to St. Alary Magdalen like a gar-
ll of tiiem, fcpukhcr. to have the holy lepul(iu'r<ipen'd which •, diner, but cover'd with a round mar-
water, but charge, no chrillian tiiat enters the gate? ble out of refpecL Still proceeding
of Jerufalcin can .ivoid, the Turks i.o along the firif arch'd way on the fide
monaflery, ix.'jihn''.. that efiecl taking notice of their coni- of the church, which on that fide h.is
very cour- iiiLj in. After tlinner, I was very tha- two ifies there is a dcfc;-nt of three
-,
I, and has rit.ihly receiv'd by tiie guardian, and fleps into the prilbn where our lord
pillars. On twelve friars that live there 1 they ma- \âs kept, whilll tiie crofs "• , prepa-
of ten (teps king the ufual procefTion, together with 1
J it is a dark arch'd chap|)el,
: liip-
was born, the prielts of the upper monalfery, that ported by fmall pillars, which divide ic
ke our Savi- ! might vifit all the holy places; which into three ifles. Turning Li.ick cowards
oppofite to ceremony is alfo prafticed at BethUhtm, the left, there where are two holes,
call'd Mo- when pilgrims arrive there. That right they fiy, going on tr
Chrill fell : And
age of the I was fliut up in this facred place, bccaufe the fecond arch'd way, beldnd the Greek
-.cahces wire (
the Turks lock it up and carry away the church, is the chappel of Lcngini/s,
car St. 'John keys. arched like the rell, meanly adorned,
I
arc dill le- ( Sunday the 6th I heard mafs, and re- and polfels'il by the Greeks, as is that
nding. St. ceived the blelTed facr;^ment in the holy of the prifon. Clofe to it is another
lime moun- fepulcher. In the court before the gate chappel, with the place wiiere t'.ie l()l-
rcli on tiie of the church, there are fix chappeli, diersdivided our Saviour's g.innents,
or little churches, call'd St. M<»y of kept by the /irmenians. On tlie fa.ne
Four Vol. IV. L fide.
38 A Voyage round the fVorUL Book I. Cn.
CtMtr.ii fiilc, tlifrc is ^. ilcfcent of thirty fteps to The chappel of the holy (i-pulchcr \<\
"693- the (hapix'l of Sr. Helen, whiih is big- about twenty four fpans in comp.ds, in
'^^'^'^cr tii.in ihf rcH, with .1 RomI cupola, the midH of the church, with little cu- ,1
fupporti'il by four pillars, which on the pola, iiipported by twelve fm.dl columns.
fides leave two liiiall illes ; ^whcre on I'.ntring into it, at a little iloor, there
the left, is the chapiK'i of tluvgooii thief, appears by the light ot feventeen linall
kept by the Armdiians : On the other lamps, that burn diy anil night, the Hone
fiile is .1 kept by the Gn-eks, in
chapjiel, the angel rcmov'il from the mouth of the Greek
wiiich, near the (lairs ot mount Calvary, lepukher, half bury'd in the ground. A
is the pillar ot reproach, maile of marble, narrow hole gives a pafHige into the fe-
of feveral colours, three fpans hiyh, and nukher, which is eight fpans liiuare, where
is the tomb, ot the fame length, which
fix about.
I l-'.lcven rteps cut in the rock, lead in-
to the place, where St. llcUn\ crols was

lieing cover'd with a nvirble Hone, ferves
for an alt.ir to lay mals on. Tiio' there
founil This is a lofty ilark chapjiel, be-
;
be three holes on the top to let out the
longing to the catholicks. fmoak, yet the place is exceHive lK)t, by
Mount ji\ little further, behiml the Greek realbn of forty leven Limps burning there
Cultary. Both this, .md the oratory
(.|,ur,-i,^ there is an afccnt of eighten Heps continually.
up to mount Calvary, wiiii lour arches. th.it contains it, arc all hung within and
In the lirll on the rij^ht, three fpans above without with filk. The O;//;; have their
the pavement, is a hole in the Hone, chappel adi')yning to the back p.irt c'l
in which the holy crofs was rixM, with it-, oppofite to which (firif palFing 'Iio-
a round piece of marble, on rhe floor, rough the ch.ippel of the Siri.vis, and
covering the fpot, on which the bldica il-ir-n through
a way cut in a rock) are
virgin Hood, whilll the crofs was rai- to lie fccnlhc tombs of Nicodemus, and
fing ; and ntai by it, a great and very jfofeph of /Irlmathea, lui out at length
and this belongs to the in the Hone 1 befides that, which tiie lat-
dei^p opening •,
Greek fathers. On the left, is the place ter caus'd to lie m.ule for himfelf, in imi-
where our Saviour was nail'd to the tation of our Saviour's.

crofs, with two altars, a great, and a Then I went up the H.iirs near the place .Irmtnian
little one. Under the fourth arch, there of ChriH's friends, to the chappel of""'*-
are five flones, which denote the place the Armenians, and faw them lay m.ds.
where chrift was ftripp'd, belonging to The priell hail on a cojx', with a coller,
the catholicks, as does our lady's chap- like thatof the habit of thv Theaiins, and
pel, clofe by it, to which there is a a long cap on his head. Me came out
door from without. There it was, the into the chapjx-l, with a fmall chalice,
bleffeil John Hood, when
virgin and St. cover'd with a veil ; feveral filver horle-
ChriH looking on them from the crofs, bells the jieople there prelint had in
faid, IVoman, behold thy Son 1 and to their hands gingling, becaufe they arc
St. John, Behold thy Mother. On the not allow'd there to ring other bells ;
lame mountain is the dwelling of the but inHead of them, they make ufe of
Creeks. a piece of wood twelve fpans long, whicli
Delccntling from mount Calvary, we upon occafion, they beat with a wooden
went into a chappel, kep:. by the Greeks, mallet.
callM Aihim\ chappel, becaufe there The plate that has been given by fo ma-
they fiy, our fiiH parent's hc.id was ny kings and princes to the holy fepulcher,
I- found. On the right of the door, is is kept bury'd, for fear of thcTiirks, nor
Rahixin\ fepulcher, and on the left, do they fliew it to any pilgrim but the -,
father guardian did me this fpecial fivour,

1 that of Godfrey of Bolloigtie, brothers.
There is another, they fiy, is MeUhife- by ordering it to be taken up, which the
deck's ; but I know not what ground they ficriHan w.as unwilling to do. This rich
have for it. church Huff, confiHed of a lamp of about
Oppofite to the great gate, is the Hone 300 pound weight, lent thither by Phi-
of the holy anointing, on which our re- tip III. king of Spain ; a crols, chalice,
deemer was anointed. It is of white mar- and moH coHly veHmcnts, the gift of
ble, eight fpans Ic^ „ and four broad, the moH chriHian Lewis XIV. king of
cnclos'd within iron banifters. Below it, Franee ; other vellmcnts adorn'd with
is a placekept by ylrmcmans, mark'd gold, pearls, and precious Hones, fent
on the pavement by a rounil Hone, where by king Philip II. and other chriHi.in
Chrift's friends Hood to obferve where princes 1 a chalice by queen Catherine
he was bury'd.All thcle places are of England, and fix candieHicks, lour
lighted by lamps, and I vifited
feveral flower-pots, and a filver crofs, givcT
them in this order, in procclTion with by the city ot Mefftna, in memory of
the fathers. the
;
Book T. Chap. TX. 0/ TURK Y. 39

(t'pulcher h the letter, which thole people verily the marquefs in their table of malTes Cbmcili
coinjuls, ill
believe was writ to tl-.cm by the blelTed for bcnefadors, inmiciliatcly next to ''"J5-
1 .1 little cu- virgin: The Fcilival whereof they cele- the crownM heaJs. Thus leven maf-'-^^'^
,ill colunins. brate with great uomp, on the fecond fes being lung every week in the holy
loor, there of June i of which furniture, for its fcpulcher •, the lirH is appointed for the
ntecn t'mall excellent workmanlhip, they make life pope, the lecond tor the cmi)cror, the
It, the (lone upoii the greatelt tellivals. third for the king of Sfain, tlu! fourth
iioutli of the Grceli The Greeks alfo opeiiM to mc their for the king of I'raiiee, the filih for the
Croiiml. A MiiiiHum Sanitum S,iii,fori(m, where I worlhipp'd king of Poland, the fixth tor tin- repiib-
ttttihi urn
into the fe- IbnK- precious relicks as an arm of St. ; lick of I'enice, and the leventh for the
|u.ire, where Miiry Mdgiliileii ; a great piece of the marquefs de Cbaleaniieiif.
i^tli, which holv crols, and St. yobn Bn/lijl's fcull. To return to tiic bufinefs in hanil
(one, fervcs Befules this, I law feveral boxes, cenlbrs, this country is moll holy ami worthy
'I'lio' tiiere and other vefiils all of fiiver, fucii as of veneration, as having been Ipriiik-
all
let out the they uli- in their ceremonies, and a wood- led widi tin? moll precious blood ot our
ive hot, by en crol's of wonderful workmanfhip, S.iviouri but on tlie other fide it is to
urning there carv'd by a Greek, with I'uch linall figures, be fled from, becaule of the Titris .md
the or.Uory that it requires a microfcope to dilirern Arabs, wiio forbear no roblx;ry or inlo-
within and them as alio loine excellent pitturcs,
i
lency they can commit i ami therefore
is have their drawn by Cdiitlwts anil Mujlovites. the liifcreet pilgrim, as foon as he has
ick part rl" Over this holy place, a Mahometan perform'd his ilevotions, mull make hall
ulTlng "-Iio- Santone has his dwelling; much
not fo and be gone, to be out of the power of
!iri.iiiSy and to guard ir, as to receive ti)e money paid thole Barb.uian^ who are utter enemies
a rock) arc for opening of it : And therefore on Mon- of lilt! cfiridian name. Nor is it allow'd
odi-inusy and diy the leventh, after having [.cifDmiM on any account, for a chrillian to ll.md
It at kngtii my devotions in rlu holy lepuUhcr, I upon ills tklence, but he muft fiiftcr him-
hich the lat- made him open me the door to go out. fclf to hv l,cuten . for if a chrillian hap-
ilelf, in imi- I went ilirectly to St. Saviour's, where I pen to kill a Mdbomelan, his blood alone
was fhewM the curious and artificial lamp, which is certainly fpilt, and his goods
Na/'les, worth feiz'd, not a
fent by the (oinilliiry of
is liifHc lent attonement'^ but
c.ir the place .IrmtnUn
chappel fourteen thouf.md crowns and the copy -, all his abettors, and his whole nation
of""'*'
m fay ma Is. of the holy Sudarium, or pifture of our mull pay '"vcral thoufmd crowns.
ith a coller, Saviour, imprinted on the cloth where- Tuejday the eighth, being the day of
"beuiiiis, and with the 1. "v woiT.an Feroniea wip'd his the nativity of the blelfetl virgin, and I
e came one face, lent by Se duke of Savoy. to prepare formy journey, I liearM mats
lall chalice, It is fit the reader be inform'd, that four hours befjre day, in the very houtc
fiiver horle- t. thefe holy pl.-.ccs were many jjears fince Ihe was born in. Many religious men,
ent had lei/.'d upon by the Greeks ; but after a and chritlians of the country were pre-
in
le they are long trial before the Divan at Conjlan- fent ; and befidcs private matfes at fe-
ither hells lino/'le, they were reftor'tl to the Capu- veral altars, there was one maIJi funfT,
;
chins marquefs de Chateauneuf, his
the after which, I, and all the catholicks
lake life of ;
Jng, whicli moll majellies embaffador to

chriftian receiv'd the blefled ficramcnt. I fhould
I woodeti the port, particularly fupporting them not have had that conveniency at '.nother
for twelve years together, with the alTift- time, bccaufe the Turks have a
Mofiue
iince of B. Dominick of Riiizaval a Bif- over it, and do not fuller mafs to belaid
by fo ma-
taiiier, a perlbn of admirable capacity, there, but only on that ilay ; and this
•pulcher,
Turki, nor tlio' a lay-brother. In memory of which priviledge bouglit with a confiderable
but t!ie benefit, tiiofe fathers have put down lum ot money.
iai favour,
which the
I'his riili
CHAP. IX.
|> of about
'The AutlMr's reiurn to Alexandria the fame ivay he came.
by Phi'
chalice,
le gift of IReturn'd before day to St. Saviour's caus'd two mafles to beone in the ho- faid,
king of where the reverend father

cliurch, ly fepulcher, and the other on mount Cal-
rnM with guardian gave me his blelTing in his pa- vary, for the happy fuccels of my voyage.
triarchal veftments ; and then came to Getting on horfe-b.ick without Be/h-
ines, fent
chriflian my lodging to wilh me a good journey, lebem gate, with only the g ard of the
Calbcrine with many cxprelTions of tender aife- muletier, whom there tiiey cdl Miicea-
dlion, and with him the father procura- ro, I took along Jeremiah's road, and
:k">, tour
Is, givCT tor general, both of them prefenting met with no trouble till I came to that
iniory of me with chocolate, and fome devout mountain, where two peat^mts, who
the gifts } and to compleat their kindnels. obferv'd me at a dillance, would hive
me
40 A Voyage round the fVorld. Book 1, qA
••1*1
CtMti.Li me go to them. I ftoppM till my Miu- bccaufe they cannot always meet with
r
'^^^' faro iMiiif up, who Ii.kI ll.iyM hchinil Franks to rob. Alter the t.ix gatherer
'''"^'^'to cat ligs as alii) of grapes,
(wlirri'ot h.Kl left me, I put on a tcurvy blaik gar-
olives, anil pomr^ranats, there is great ment of the Aluiiaro's, th.it my own
plenty on the neii^hboiiring liiils) he might not call thieves, and m.ule h.dl to
ixinj; conic, hail a i|uarter ot an hours Rama. Being come thither, I ll.iy'd all
ciilputc witi> tlie |)calants. 'J'hey leeing IVeiliieJ'Jay the ninth exjiecting the con-
I liail a reil was lomo
eoat on, tiiought I veniency ol fome Caravan to ''Jaji'a.
iiierehant loailed with money, and had Thuridas the tenth, I paid the vilit to
a mind to rob nw ; as I, tho' ignorant fome ihriili.m Maroiiilt's ol note th.il had
ot tiie l.ui[;u.igt: giiel'-.M by their acti- been to lee me. Fruii^ the eleventh 1
ons, l() MtiiiUio had enough to
that tiie went with lome lathers to the holy plaies
do to pcrlwade them, I tarry'd no mo- about Riima. vS'i^/«r(/.;\ the t\\ilveih we
ny, whihl I tVetted to lee my ti'lt in a fiwa cav.diaile ot Arabs, with pipes, car-
country, wiiere two naked men durll rying two ihildren to be iircum<is'd»
impoli- upon me. which ceremony ended in a pleiuitui
But I lar'd worle in the village ot the treat ot many diflies of Pliati ; that is,
good where a wretched barttooted

thiel, meat boilM with rice,
tdlow ran alter me, eali'd to me to Hay, Siiiulas the thirteenth I lit out after ilin-
till the receiver ol the tribuie, or duty, ner tor Jajj'a, with a Caravan ol Arabs,
who was malh
r, and an /liuib came
his and lame thither at lun-lii. The A/rtf-
up. I oiieyM,
and he being come, be- caro would have me give him another re-
gan by figiis to ilemarid money ot me, w.ird, beliJis \\\\.\X. he li.ul lioni tl'.e cu-
tho' tne Mtmaro had .drcaily }'ayM tUo Homer, but I would not hearken to him.
duty, becaule he allu by my habit, took Till-viC.iinôt the holy pl.ices, coll me
me tor a mcrt hint. I laving told him I leventy crowns oi" our money in all.
h.id none about me, becaule I had left The poor and dilabled pilgrims, who
it Rama
at \ he tell to I'earrh me, liegin- cannot go up to "Jcrufaum, <i,ain all \.\\i
ning at my breeches, as iK'ing excellently indulgences of the holy l.md at 'Jaffa,
skili'd in tiu: art ot robbing ; and finding as if they had villted it, and from Jajfa
I liad none, wouKI have me promile to return into iMro/c.

pay him piallre at Rama, or
,i elle he imbark'd on Monday the fourteenth St. f;h.
I
would carry me away priloner to tiie with a fdr wind, and lailiiig all night, "I'/'.''.
next mountain. To avoid this ilanger, arriv'd on 7u,yila\ the littcintii .u liie an-
I promis'd what was not his due, ami lie tient Plolrmai), now cili'd St. Jobii of
came puniftualiy to receive it, but I made Acre, moll y ruin'd and void of inhabi-
I
the muletier pay it, who had undertaken tants. I,went to the monallery ot the
for twenty eigiit piallres, to clear me I-'randjlaiis, where I w.is lurnilli'd with
from all lutli impofitions, and carry me nccelfaries to go to Nazarrlh.

to "Jiilfa upon iii.i own charge. IVcdnffilay the lixteenth lit out with an
I
By thefe palTages, any one may judge interpreter, and got into Nazarelb about
how little jiillice be liad in thole
is to evening, the days journey being twenty
countries, lincc the
tax-gatherer robs five miles. T/.mr/day the leventeenth I
fo o|)enly, and without controul Nor : perform'd my devotions, worlliipping the

is this be admir'd at, becaule the
to holy place, where the angel laluted the
people nation are naturally, or
of that blelied virgin, li-rvM by the Cai'ucbins,
througii cullom lazy, and theretbre love who receivM me with much civility ami
to live by robbing, without taking the alledion. friday the eighteenth ha\ing
p.iins to till the ground. Befuks, if vifited fome other devout neighhouring
any ot them would labour, he IhoukI churches, I return'd to Sr. 'Jo/jn of A.rr,
not reap the truit of it and therefore ; it being impracficable lor pilgrims to go
there are continual fcutnes Ix-twcen the lurther to tec Galilee, and other holy
country people anil the Arabs, who are places, lor tear of the Arabs.
always llealing their corn. One day, Saturday the nineteenth there w.is no
before I came to Bi-lHe/jcm, feven Arabs conveniency of boats, and therefore I de-
and three country men had been wound- parted on Sunday the twentieth alter noon.
ed in a tray. There are mortal enmities That night we were becalm'd, but Mon-
amonp; the Arabs tliemfelves, fome be- day the twenty lirlt made much way, yet
ing ot the white banner, and lome of the came not to 'Jajfa till Titejdas the twenty
red, which the caufe that many of
ir, fecond, Ifêdiiefday the twenty third
I bar-
both parties are kill'd daily. Thus both gain'dtor my

pallage to Damiala, aboard
Arabs and pealants live a wretched life, a Saigue that was returning thither, on
lying on the bare ground, and feeding Thurfday the twenty lourth to return to
on a little bread, without any other food, AUxandna, where I had leluny equipage.
Friday
'^'!t:iil
So«Kl Chap.X. 0/ TURK Y. 41
% meet with
/•'rr,Lv the 25th the wind prov'd f'jir, try. I laid Ijcfore, and I Ciy it over a-OFMnti
t.ixK'"l'ercr
and fo eontinu'd till midnight, but came gain, that a chrillian who travels into '^M-
'-^"*''^
'y l)l.uk j^.ir-
about almoll in our teeth on Saluntay the Hiypt, and the holy land, mull arm him-
i.it my tiwn
26th. Sunday the 27th, it blew brisk felt'with patience, and be deaf, liccaule
m.ulo h.ill to chriftians are equally hated by Turk] and
and fair, li) that on Monday the 28th, wc
ll.iyM all Arabs, and mull take abundance ot atfronts
, I
arrivM at the hotâji, or mouth of the ri-
iiig the toll- from them lioth for very often a naked
ver of Damiaia, "near which St. Lewis king <,
to y,ij/'ii. fcoundrel, that has not rags to cover him,

ot I'ranci; atter taking that city, caus'd
the vilit to has the impudence to ftoH at grave peo-
a fort to be built, which is (lill to be
I
noti' that Inul

Ceen. I took a boat to carry me to the ple. 'I'he other mifchief is, that thry
ic ikvLiitli I think the Franks are I'hyficians, and
city,and tho' I endeavour'd to fiiun the all
hilly lilac tj therefore, tho' they be in health, will have
If
knavery ot the Black otHisba, yet I ould <
iwilvcta wc not ftiun the 'Jfamzarus, who exacted half them fee) their pulle, which I was lorc'd
lar- fome greater trouble,
th |ii|ic.s,
a piailrc tor fulVcring me to pals, anil to do, to avoiil
i iifuim isMj then IcarchM my portmanteau tor the du- knowing I fliouKI not be thaiik'd for it.
1 a I'UiuituI ties of the cullom-houle. Saturday the '^1, the wind was contra-
'ilau ; that is,
I thought 1 (liould have a pood night's ry, fo that we made little way ; the lame
rell, in the houle of the chrillian Maro- on Sunday the 4th. Thro' the negligence
out aftir ilin-
iiili:, who is procurator to the religiou-i of the ignorant tailors, the bark run a-
!,lll (it /hiibSy of Jenifalem ; but it was my misfortune ground, and they were forc'il to unload
. 'liic Mm- to pals it much worfe than I had done the It to get oil", and then load again, which
m aiiotlicr rc- four lall at fia, becaufe of tome fmall took up a great part of the day but the 1
1 10111 tl\L- (U- night infeifls there were in the room and
; wind coming up fair, we arriv'd at Rofeto
arktii to him. ot a black woman, who being in labour about llin-tetting. Monday the 5th, I
aics, coll me dole by, cry'd out all niijht as if the had imbark'd for Alexandria, and landed there
loncy in ail. been polVels'd. Ijcfore night. In that port, I found a
ilyniiis, wiio I rel'olv'd in the morning to complain French vcflel ready to fiil tor Leghorn,
\ [\.\m all tlij to the cullomer againll Sdim the Black, with whom, if I would have returned in-
anil at Jajfii, who had extnitcd twj piaftres more than t(/ chriftendom, I fhould have ended this
111 Iroin ytf//<l his tlue anfwor'd me, he had no

: ' curious voyage in three months and a
power ovi him, but that I might ac-
I half 1 but being refolv'd to go on into
:hi' (oiirtccntii Si. 7,,! quaint the Bdffa of Caire with it. The the eaft, I flighted that opportunity. On
iiij^ all iii(r|ii,or A.u boat being ready to depart, I was obliged the other fide, being inform'd there were
fntli at till- an- to go aboard it with tlie cuftomer, who fome veflcls at Bicbier ready to lail for
.St. 'John of went the lame way, left i fhould let flip Cnnjlantimplc 1 I made it my bulinefs to
of inhahi- that opportunity. have a pallige abo.ird them, wherein I
(U-iy ot the ft^rdnefday the laft day of the month, was much forwankil by the civility of
iiilliM with we fiil'd with a fair wind up the lame Arrigo Grwuvi, a merchant of Marfiilleiy
branch of the river Nile, before defcri- who during my whole (lay at Alexandria^
out with an licd and on Tburfday the
•, itt of OSJober, very atl'edionately labour'd to clear me
jrcth about we run up The cuftomcr was
the river. frort any trouble at the cullom-houle.
iny twenty pleas'd to live two days without eating Tuefday the 6th, I got a letter writ to
vcnttciuh I any meat, be aufe there was never a Jew the Aga of Bicbier, to procure my paf-
rlliipping the there, who with a knife, without any blc- (Iige aboard one of thofe velTels. Hêd-
lalutcil the milh, might kill fome gelt goat, hen, or nejday the 7th I went about to take my
Cdjiu-hhis, other fowl there were aboard, according leave of the conful and merchants. Tburf-
civility .uk! to the Mithomctaii lliperltition. day the 8th, monfieur GWwrtK treated mc
nth haN'iiig Fiiduy the 2d of Otlober we arriv'd at with all that the country affords ; and
ighliouriiij^ Biilac, and that being the day the boat Friday the 9th, being to depart the next
/bit of yL re, was to let out for Ro/iio, I only went out day, I fupp'd at the conful mounfieur
rims to {;o of one velfcl into another, running down Tamburin's, with all the French that diet-
other holy the Nile, which had drown'd all the coun- ed there.
re was no
rcforc Iilc- CHAP. X.
attcr noon.
but Mun- 0/ tbf Religion, Governme/it, Cujbnis, HaiifSy Fruit, and /lir of Egypt.
h way, yet
the iwmty BEfore I de[art Egypt, it will not be Firft under the
yoke of the Pharajb\^rv}i.
third I bar- amifs, but rather very advantageous, lince,from time to time under die Ptoh-
;/j, aboanl and delightful to the reader, if after thcfe meys, Romans, Agarcnes ol Arabia Felix
lither, on particulars, I give fome general account and Turks, who are now poirelsM of it.
return to of the prefent ftate of that kingdom, The chriftians of the country call'd A'?vp;
ecj'iipagc. which has fuffer*d fo many revolutions : Majfr, the Turks Mijiir, and the je-u-i
l-'nJa-j Vol. IV- M Erct:.
42 A Voyage round the World. Book 1. J^^^^
],;
Book I.
•?« P. I.
A.o' *\ -'A nW.,.* « V;Ju,M>\ ^'
43
.) "ji','
formerly
courteous
> cheni the
rick, iiftro-
iCy are bar-
A Voyage round the World by Dr. John
, falll' and Francis Gemelli Careri. Part I.
i ex t ream
they will
e value ot
•y hate the Containing the moft Remarkable Things he faw in
il
;ry bcalls
have in-
TURKY.
:he Franks,
arcl. The
-tihs,
fttrb
ick,
is
; but
or as
al-
BOOK IT.
their fliirt,
or
Il
a
filk a-
turbant.
CHAP. I.
I'ith a mask
Jln ylccount of the moll nrîarkable Things the Author Jaw hi the IJlands of
jdics with a
s ; the bet- Rhodes, Stanchio, and Scio, and in the City of Smirna.
oden clogs,
k likemon-
,re low and
auty in the
THE boat being reidy, I went
aboard it on Sii.'itnlay the loth
of October, being bound for
of
w.as a
Bichiei
torment to
on tVi'diiefday
voyage '^93- me
retarded by his folly, and would have ^-^^-"^
to fee
the
my
14th. It GEMn,i.i
1 fparkling Bkhier, where I arriv'd about given any money to be aboard a chri-
noon, and gave my letter of recommen- ftian fhip to be on: of the hands of
mths before dation to the Aga of the caftlc, who fpokc Icoundrels.
;rapes at the to the Rah, or mafter of the veflel for me. Thurfda-j the 15th, there was as dread-
I'orts of ti uit Being agreed about my pafllige, I caus'd ful a ftorm by lea and land, as was ever
n a greater my baggage lo be put aboard tlie fliip, known in Italy in Dccank-r. Fiiduy the
goodnefs of which was i-.nder iail, and began to t6tli it rain'd hard, by whicii it apiêars
megranates, make way .vithin two hours, with a fair they are much lieceiv'd, who think the
t to ipeak wind, wiiich Lifted all night, I pafsM sky is clear all over Egypt in winter;
to Jfrick. it indifferently, bccaufe thcfe fort of for the ancients, who dciiver'd this ac-
1 Ibrts we veni'ls, have the poop,
call'd Loiidras, count, meant it only of the Upper, but
particular. deck, gang-ways, and malls like a gal- not of the Lower Egypt.
ecchafichoSy ley, only they iiave one little mail and Saturday the 17th, I wcntadioar to tii-
ties are lb f.iil more. vert the melancholy I was troubled with
y walk a- 1"he wind continu'il fair Sunday the for being among Turks and Greeks, where
like pige- 1 til till
1 noon but after that, it began
-, no body underltood me. Going aboard
Imall and to blow fo hard, and contrary, that it again at night, all ti.cprovidon I carry'd
oblig'd the iL-arful mafler and failors to with me was eggs, the country ailbrding
I
unhealthy, turn back. Tims on MonJay the i2th, nothing elfe.
and there- we came again into the port of /llexan- Sididay the i.Sth, the wind began a lit-
in times of (hia at two in the afternoon, and going tle to fill. Monday the 19th it rain'd
the over- alhoar I went to pay my refpefts to again, anil held on Tuefday the 20th,
Ibarauli.' ot nioniieur Tamburiii, who oblig'd me to which fettled the fea. The feamen ilay'd
Hay in iiis where he and all the
houle, IFednefday the 2 ill to dry their (iiils, and
l')rihl> often drank to my good voyage. prepare to (ail and
Fhurfday
; at length,
Ttu'fd.ix the i^tli, we lail'd .igain with tlie 2 2d, the Rats or mafter, encourag'd
a fur wind ; but when we had run forty by other vefTels that fliew'd him it was
miles, tiic mailer, who was better skill'd lafe going to fea, >.rept out of his hole.
upon rivers than at lea, out of a vain The wind blew lb brisk and favourable
(car, (load about again for Jlcxandria, that day ami Friday the .'.^d, that our
tho' neither the lea ran very higli, nor veffel carrying three fails, left three S.iitfiies
t'le wind was very boillerous. Being a-ltern i arul Saturday the .!4tli, bclore
fnlible of his mill.ike, he Hood his noon, we hajijiily arrivM at the ['ort of
courfe again, but we li.id not fail'd fir, R/jodes, having run ;ioo miles in forty
before fear antl ignorance brought him leven hours,,
A about again, and we put into the port
•
-Hie
H j4 Voyage round the World. Book II,
Ch.
OlMELLI The city Rhodes, once one of the inoft the gates fhut, punidiing thofe feverely
1 693. flouridiing in ylfta, is in the latitude ot" that do not make hafte out, when the
^
j6 degrees. It maintain'd it felf a lone (Ignal is given.
time as a commonwe;Uth, gaining (o , Mondaythe 26th, I Went to fee thepji.,rc.
much reputation by fca, that the empe- great mafter's palace, feated on the higliell
ror Antoninus Pius doubted not to de- !mrt of the hill, whicli at prelent lerves
cree.That the pretenfions of one Eude- or a prifon, and dwelling-place of two
moil (hould be decided according to the Cbams of Little Tartary, deposM out of
la'-vsof tiie Rbodians. But this city af- jealoufy, and kept perpetual prifoners
terwards falling under the dominion of by the Great Turk ; to the end, that if
leveral princes, was at laft granted by he who rules, behaves himfelf amifs, one
Emanuel, emperor of Conftantinople, to of the prifoners may be fet up in his
the knights hofpitallers of St. John, who place, and he fucceed the other in tiie
had been expell'd the holy land. The prifon. I faw nothing curious in it, but
knights being in pofTenion, fortify'd them- only a great ftrufture which tiie Turks
felves, and defended it bravely in the fuffer to run to ruin, without taking care
year 1444, againft the fultan of Eg'^pt. to repair it. The churcli of St. john
In the year 1480, under the empire of adjoining to the liiid palace, is now the
Mtibomct II, they held out a fiege of three chief Mofque.
months, by the valour and conduft of I faid before, the city was cncompals'd
the great mafter AmbuJJon ; but after- by three walls, and as many ditches ; I
wards in 1522, after a vigorous defence muft now add, that it has as many ports
made by Adam the great mafter, the for fecurity of its fhips and galleys. That
idand fell under the dominion of Soli- which ferves the (hips is defended by the
man II. baftion St. Elmo with ten pieces of can-
tl
Tliecity. This city is feated on the call fide of non, which alfo ferves for a iight-ho!i<e.
the ifland •, part on tlie plain, and part The other .idjoining to it, is defended
il
on the hill. It is three miles in compafs, on the left by a tower with eight fmall
the are wide, ftrait, and well-
ftreets guns, and on tlie right by tlie enchant-
1
pav'd and in the midft of the greatcft
; ed, cr Moors tower with twenty eight
h(
IS a row of white marble ftones from guns, but only the eight that lie level
tf
one to the other. In this ftreet are to with the water carry a large ball. A fti
be feen the lodgings of the knights of man may almoft creep into one of them,
be
St. John, and the palace of the great maon which, clofe by the arms of the
lie
fter. The buildings are after tne Italian knights, I read this infcription. Opus
th
manner, of fquare ftone, harder than the FrancifciMantuani, A. D. i486.
Naples ftone 1 the Bazars or markets, They told me, that when the city was
ur
are furnifh'd with all the idand, or adja- taken, there were found three pieces of
ex
cent continent affords, fold at a very cafy a prodigious bignefs, which fhot ftone-
rei
rate. By the building it appears to have bullets fo large, that two men could
25
been hands of chriftians, their mag-
in the fcarce fadom them reafon
-, for whicli
II
nificence being nothing diminifticd by the they were afterwards tranfported to Con-
hi!
brutality of the Mahometans, who nave ftantinople. The aforefaid fort is fquare. The ror;.
en
not abolilh'd the antiquities ; and the having four little towers at the angles,
fu
arms of the knights of Jerufalem are and an oftogon in the middle, all m.uic
ou
every where to be feen, even upon the by the knights. Frc.n it to the oppofite
a
artillery. baftion, they draw a chain to Ihut up tiic
't|'' no
After hearing a Greek mafs on Sunday port, which is not very iiife, for in my
inj
the 25th, I walk'd about to fee the city, time the admiral of Algier was caft away
to
whirh is a good fortrefs ; for befides in it, and a little before my coming, a
to
being ail round good can-
furnifh d with (hip and a Saique.
to
non, it his a treble wall, and two ditches, From this port they go into tlie other J^ ^
and on the caftle iide three. The gates within it, which is like an arll-nal, aml'-^'-
cl.
on the land-fide are five ; but three of ferves for fmall vefTcls. It has two mouths,
a
them fhut, and two open, fccur'd by fe- one in the middle, and the other near in
veral works and draw-bridges and to •, the aforefaid port, from whence to the Tiie iflan J
I
the (ea there are two more. The inha- city it is (hut up by art. In this fccond At!,
p ; OJ
bitants art- Turks and Jews ; for all the port ftood the famous Coloffm of brafs, ^''icrip na
Greek cliriftians, being the greater num- fet up by Chares of the city 01 "
>Mdus^np^"j- T
ber, the fuburbs and country-
live
in (Difciple to the famous ftatuary Erj'ippus).^fl"nl
th^
houfes about it, which yield a plealant who in tlie term of twelve years finidiM ,',7 ,„,"• Pf
profpi'ft amidft the gardens and vineyards. it, with the expence of 300 talents. The '''/•"': fu
The Turks drive them all out of the city on height of it was feventy cubits, and no'""' ',? bi
Friday, to fay the.'r prayers at noon with Mertel. no
Afriilt, um. l/a;-. 141
man ci;
' ;
Book II,
thofe feverely
Chap. f. 0/ TURK Y. 45
Jilt, when the
man could fadom its thumb, every fin- Filerno, Lyndo, the country of the famous Gemeih
'^93-
ger being as big as the largeft of the an- ftatuary abovementioned, Ba/ilica, Cala-
ent to fee thepahce. ^''^'"^
on cient ftatues ; fo that the fpace between via, and others, inhabited by wretched
i tlie highfll
the two legs ferv'd for veflels to pafs un- Greeksy Jews, and Turks.
prelent Ibrves
;-place of two der, that went to anchor there. It held Mycontinual inftances to the Rais^ or
a vefTel in its hand, in which they kept mafter, prevail'd with him at length to
Jepos'ci out of
a great fire, to light fhips in the dark of leave his fair, and fet fail on Saturday the
tual prifoners
> the night ; but when it had flood fifty fix laft day of October ; but we had fcarce
e end, that if
j« years, it was thrown down by an earth- fail'd two miles, before he return'd, the
felf amils, one
quake the Rhodiam threatned by their o-
-, thoughts of her perhaps carrying liim
:
fet up
other in the
in his
» daring to fet it up again ; and
racle, not away. Befides, theie bafe Turks and Greeks
thus that wonderful work lay on the are afraid when they perceive the wind
ious in it, but
ground forfeveral ages, till the year 654, rife, and aft with fuch diforder and noife,
lich the Turks
when it was knock'd in pieces. In 1136, that they know not themfelves what they
)ut taking care
about 1460 years after it had been eredcd, are about ; fo that ten chriftians are more
1 of St. j'oIjh
it was utterly deflroy'd by one Mahavia, ferviceable at lea than fifteen 7a/'^j-. Sun-
?, is now the
a chief of the Saracens, who made him- day the of November, I did my devo-
I ft
felf mafter of the illand, and fold the tions in the Greek church, and fo Monday
IS cncompafs'd ••
metal to a Jew, who landing it in the the 2d ; Tuefday the 3d a Saique entred the
my ditclies ; I
leflfer yi/ia, had it carry'd into Egypt on port with a company of foldiers bound
as many ports
galleys. That 900 camels. for Conjlantinople.
The port of the galleys is the beft for IVednefday the 4th, as I was walking, a
ifended by the
fecurity and conveniency. There were at Turk call'd to me to go into his houfe,
pieces of can-
that time three galleys, the other two be- but I fearing the penalty of being impal'd
a light-hniife.
ing abroad under the command of their kept o.n my way. Thurfday the 5th, a
t, is defended
general /Immaza-manvna. Sicilian told me the Turks fufpefted me
ith eight fmail
Tuefday the 27th, I went to fee the for a fpy, and therefore advis'd me to
y tlie cnchant-
French conful, who was a Grecian, that take care they did not make me a (lave
twenty eight
he might fecure me againfl any infult of
i
it being the praftice there to ufe Franks
tiiat lie level
the Turks. I found him not, but under- fo upon flight pretences ; as had happen-
large ball. A ftood he could do me little kindnefs, as ed the year before to four Frenchmen, who
3 one of them,
being in no efteem among the Turks ; became from Napoli di Romania at the lame
arms of the
fides that they are not there fo infolent to time tlie fleet lay before Canea, and were
:ription, Opus
the Franks. made flaves in Rhodes, upon pretence
i486. walk'd
fVt'dnefday the 28th I in the fub- that they were Ipies. This troubled me,
n the city was
urbs, in a good garden that produced and the more becuufe I had forgot to get
hree pieces of
;
excellent grapes and fi^s, and at night a pafs from the French conful, feeing I
ch (hot ftone-
retiirn'daboard the velTel. Thurfday the had travcll'd through the holy land with-
men could 29th, meeting with the Rais, or mafter, out being molcfted by the Mahometans.
which reafoii
I perceiv'd he had no inclination to leave Friday the 6th, being the day of prayer,
lorted to Cofi-
his houfe fo foon, being detain'd by the and I not having taken notice of the
fort is fquare, The for embraces of his wife, who was a beauti- ufual fignal, perceiv'd when it was .00
the angles,
ful Turkijh woman. The Rhodian women late, that the gates were fluit ; therefore
le, all made out of modefty cover their foreheads with no going out,
the oppofitc
there being I hid my felf
a handkerchief, and their chin up to the for fear in a tower, where, had the Turks
fhut up the nofe with another. Friday the 30th, be- found me, I had certainly been taken,
for in my ing the day of prayer, I took my way and fecur'd as a fpy. Perceiving what
as cafl: away towards the palace along the knights ftreet, dangers I ran, I fpent all Saturday feek-.
ly coming, a to lee the aforementioned Cham, who was ing fome other veflel to carry me out of
to pafs by to the Mojque. At Lift he ap- Rhodes, but it was my misfortune to find
to the other ^kt d pear'd with a train of twenty followers, none.
arfenai, and''^*" clad after the Tartar manner t he was of Sunday the 8 th, I heard mafs in the
two mouths, a good ftature, and had only a blemilh Greek church, with leave of the fuperior.
other near in his right eye. Monday the 9th, a French tartane arriv'd
lencc to the TiieiflanJ The ifland of Rhodes, formerly call'd in the port, but prov'd to be bound for
this feconii Ji/. p Ajleria and jEthrea, and
; Ofiufa, by otiier Cyprus, fo that it was not for my turn.
Ti<i of brafs, î^'icrip,
names, 140 Italian miles in length.
is Tuefday the loth, another came in, car-
01 ",W;/i'i';'y'"f The climate is temperate, and pleafant i rying four French merchants from Se^de
ry Lijippus, the foil abounding in fruit and wine, but
,(,, m.: to Stnirna, who courteoufly off'er'd nie
ears Jinifli'd/.v .v,,-,- produces not corn enough, but is plenti- my paflage, advifing me to bring my
lents. Tiie '''f '- "'
fully fupply'd out of Natoita, which is equipage, and lie aboard the veflel my
iits, and no'""''-,: ;: but twenty miles diftant from it on the felf, becaufel was in danger of being made
2. p. :S6
Afrtilt, tim. 1 ./a;-. 141
•
north fide. Fornierly there were feveral a flave by the Turks, as they had been in-
in.in
^ cities in it, now rcduc'd to villages 1 as form'd by capt. Sanfon, a renegado of
i Vol. IV. N Mar-
4(5 A Voyage round the World. Book 11
Gemelli Marfeilles, and vice-admiral of the Îgicr- is palm, by the Turks call'd Cinor, ftand-
a Siio iflani
1693. veird loll in tiie port. Accordingly I ing within the city between the callje-
^-^^^^-' carry'd my equipage, and went to lie gatc, and the Bazar or market-pl.ice. It
aboard that night, paying the mailer of is moft certain there is not the like of it
the firft vefTel the full wc had agreed on in Europe ; for 4000 men can (land under
for the whole voyage. its boughs, which are held up by tliirty
Thus after fo long a ilay, I let out on fix props, or little pillars, under which
Wfdnefdaj about noon. There were a- there are two fountains, and fevcral ben-
board the tartane, befides tlic four F) inch- ches fix'd, to take the air.
men, feven Turks, and the Aga of Sfsde, We not the fame day, both be-
lail'd
who had quitted tiie Turkifj Ihip, becaufe caufe we expcfted the vice-atlmiral Sanfou,
of the ignorance of the owner. What I who flay'd that night in the city about
obferv'd in thefe barbarians, was, that lome bufincfs, ami becaiile the Baffa
they had laid afide the fooiifh fiercenefs would fend a fervant of his aboard the
and arrogance they pradlice aboard their tartane.
own fliips, where they fcek all occafions Saturday the 14th, we fiil'd about noon
to wrong achrirtian ; and it was a great with a fair winil, whieh failing us three
•fitisfaftion tome to fee them aboard our hours after, we were forced to lie upon
tartane, as quiet as lambs ; not venturing a bowling, but could not that night get
to fay their prayers in publick, for fear of beyond the iflands of the Baij'a, Carino,
being laugh'd Having fail'd twenty
at. and Lcro, inhabited like the others by
miles, we by the ifland Sdmo, and
pafs'd Greeks.
at the enil of tliirty by Pifiopi, Cake and Sunday the 15th early, wc pafs'd by Ly-
Nijfaio, idands inhabited ijy Grecians, and ifo, an ifland not inhabited, ami then by
nerts of pirates. Thur/Jay the 12th, we St. John de Par„o, formerly polTefsM by
could not weather cape Creo, the wind the knights of Malta, Naccaria, Liforni,
being in our teeth which continu'd Fri-
-, and Satnos, formerly confecrateJ to Juno,
day the i^th, but growing calmer, we who had a temple there, and famous for
with difficulty put into the ifland Sta>i- having been the country of Pythagoras,
(bio, one hundred miles diftant from the fortunate Policratcs, and one of the
Rhodes, three hours before night, having Sihils ; not to fjjeak of many more iflands
all the way coailed along the continent of on the right and left, difpers'tl about that Tlic city.
NatoUa. archipel.igo. The wind coming right
Sianthii Stanchio, Stanco, Stingo and Stancu, or againil us, we were fbrc'd to turn back.,
illand.
according to the ancients Merope and Cos, and take flielter under the rock o{ Artivo,
is a longifh ifland, on the eart, looking where there are feveral ports, with water
towards Natalia, from which it is parcetl enough for great fliips ; yet the place is
by a flreight of fix miles. It is famous not inhabited, and only tiie flicpherds
for ha\'ing brought into the world the carry their tlocks to graze there, in con-
famous painter Apelles, and the renown- tinual dread of the pirates. little be- A
ed phyfician Hippocrates, who is (aiil to fore our arrival, three lail departed thence,
h.ive become fo learnedby reading the after taking a Saique, leaving a quantity
many tablets brought to tlie temple of of wood on tiic flioar, which our tartane
Efculapius in this ifland •, becaufe all that took aboard. Monday the i6th, the
recover'd of an" dillemper, were oblig'd wind continuing contrary, the feamen
.% to leave an account in writing, in the went about the rocks gathering fliell-
temple, of the medicines that had cur'd lifli and having given the Aga of 5,v,/,'
;
them. a lea-urchin, that brute put The port.

it to the fire
The city. Going aflioar to fee a wontlcrtu! tree, to ro.ill, as had been a and to
1 as alio the city, I took notice it was feat- fiy the truth,
if it fifli
he flicw'd iiinilelf like a

:
ed near the lea, on a rifing ground, and beaft, in his words anti adions, and wore
1 1- .'Jl
defcntled by good walls, and deep ditch .1 a beard like a conjurer, or rather like a
fiH'd by the fea ; as alfo by a caltle well he-goat, bred wikl on a mountain.
ftor'd with cannon. It has no port, but Tuefday the 17th, we lail'd three hours
an open road is all the Ihelter the fliips before day, but had little wind, fo that
have. The houfes arc low, but of ifone ; by noon, we had much ado to pals the
but there is one flately fl:rudure, which (freight, between the iflands Soma and
they call Hippocrates'^ palace. On the Forni: after noon it trelhncd, and we
weft fule of it is a large fuburb, in which, ran under a top-lail to Seio, where we,
as well as in the city there live 'Turks,
Jews, arriv'd at night, after running i :;o miles,
and Greeks, but the latter much opprcls'd the computeil dilVance, between Stand. 10,
by the Mahometans. About it there are and Scio. IFednefday the i8th, we all
eockI gardens and vineyards, which pro- went aflioar, and I was entcrtain'd by thq
mice excellent wine. The wonderful tree the capuchins.
FjLaiia,
5
Book II ,;Cttap. 1. 0/ TURK Y. M
\Cinoi\ Ihinil- SthiSimd. Eihalia, according to fome, was the natives to live in the caftle. The huufes'-EMsi.i.t
the callk- "'^93-
.-11
firll name
of this ifland, afterwards call'd are of flone, alter the Jlalian fafliion, ^
'-^^"^
ket-pl.icc. Ic Scicos,or rather Sciros, from an antient with the roof like a pyramid, cover'd
the like of it nymph. The Turks call it Salzizadaii, with tiles. The ftreets are mirrow, but
m (land under or Sachczadan, which fignifies the ifland pav'd with pebbles 1 and the Bazars or
up by tliirty of MajUck. It is one of the chiefeft in markets abound in all things ai ealie
under wliicli the Archipelago, and of thofe call'd Cy- rates, becaufe the nearnefs of Natalia
i fevcrai bcn- clades, being eighty iniles in conipafs. fupplies all the ifland wants.
'\ On the north of it, is the ifland Metelin, The chriftian women
are clad after Women,
.ly, both be- cr MytiUne, on the eart Natalia, from the Italian except their head-
fafliion,
imiral Sn/ifotj, wliich it is feparated by a channel three drefs ; bur their coats aie fhort to their
IC city about I leagues wide, call'd the flrclght oi Capo knees, gather'd behind like a pricil's
IL- the BaJJ'a Bianco, or the white cape, and on the furplice, a ridiculous habit, like that
s aboard the fouth the ifland Naccaria. The inhabi- of the count! y women about OJfuiti,
tants divide it into two parts. Aponomoya, a city in the kingdom of Naples. Tne
'd about noon or the upper, which is towards the north, widows cover their heads with red veils,
ihng us three and Calamera, or the lowc* 'jwards the other womenwith white, with a rowl
1 to lie upon fouth. Tlie foil next the lea, is extra- round their fore-head, like the French
iiat night get ordinary rich, but that further up barren fore-head cloth behind, towards the
-,
li/fii, Curino., enough, being for the molt part a bare left fide, hangs a fringe of the coif,
lie others by rock, and fcrves only for goats to graze that covers the head, which, together
on. Between the inhabitants of the me- with variety of flowers, they wear at
pafs'd by Ly- tropolis,and of eighty villages, there are all times of the year, is a very pleafant
anil then by reckon'd to be about one hundred chou- fight. The women themlelves are ex-
poiTefs'd by fmd, whereof eighty thoufimd are Greeks, traordinary fair and beautiful, and very
f
aria, Liforni, and the rcll: catholicks, 'Jews and Turks. witty, and familiar wi:h men ; even the
•ated to Juno, Their principal revenues come of milk, maids being very free with flrangers,
d famous for and butter, wine and filk whereof they -, and all of them have their breafl:;. im-
t Pythagoras, make every year to the value of one hun- modeftly bare.
id one of the dred and twenty thoufand cro'vns, which The chief churches in Scio, are five. Churches.
r more iflands employs the poor. the Duomo, or cathedral, that of the
>'d about that The city. The city Scio, feated in 38 deg. of Jefidts, the Dominicans, Capuchins, and
oming right latitude, is longilh, lying on the lea Recolets, befides other fmall ones, both
turn back., coaft, and being narrow towards the within and without the city.
)ckof^;7)rff, mountains for want of room. It is en- The m.aftick of this ifland is the bcft M.ilUck.
with water compafsM by good walls, with eight in the world for which reafon, the
;
t the place is gates, but it is defended by a caftle near grand feignior fends one every year,
he fjicpherds the port which tho' on the land fide it
•, to be prefent at the gathering of it,
lerc, in con- 'i has a broad deep ditch, with two with an cxprefs prohibition againfl ex-
A little he- bridges ami gates, yet has fuch weak porting it for any part but Conjlantina-
arted thence, antient walls, and (o bare of out-works ple, where the iervants and women in
g a quantity and cannon, that they lan make but a the Seraglio confume it, chewing it all
our tartane few hours rcfiftance. In one angle of the day to make their teeth white, and
Oth, the the city towards the fouth, is another their breath fweet, and therefore the
le leamen tort with ten pieces of cannon, and an- Turks call it the ifland of Maffick. The
ing fliell-
other in the middle, lately rais'd on the cotten gather'd here, yields the natives
t of Seyile
ruins of a Creek church. fome profit, the poor people getting
to tile tire
The port. The port is largo, bur not fafe, the their living by wo.king ai it.
and to bottom being foft, fo that the anchors ThiirjUay the 19th. u the French con- A nntaLle
ifeif like a
have no hold in the midlf of it, is the
•, ful's houfe, I fiw a yo.ing Venetian re- F'îc
and wore light-houie for the conveniency of fhips ncgado, a handfome fellow. He, after
ther like a that come in by night. In this port, flying three malVes one morning in Scio,
Cain.
lie the five galleys of the ifland, com- from an Augujliman friar, became a ALi-
hree hours manded by as many flt',^s to whom l, it- hometan ; but afterwards repenting, de-
id, fo that
grand leignior allows twelve thouliind fir'd the conful to contrive his efcape
:o pals the
(.rowns, for the charge oi' each ot them. into Chri/lendom. This was a matter
Soma and Coiifidering the fmallneis of the city, that requir'tl much management, be-
lorty ihouland inhabitants is a confidera- caufe he was kept in the Bajfa's houle,
and we
where we, ble number, moll: of them being chrilti- who perceiving fomcthing of his change,
I ;o miles,
ans, as well L.itins as Greeks, For this becaufe he dclay'd being eircutr -is'd,
Suimhio,
realbn, there are alio two billiops, one a had caus'd him one morning to be cut
we all
catholick, who has about fifty priells by force, telling him, if he fled, he
nntler him, and the other a fchifmatirk. fliculd at Ic.ift carry the mirk with him
n\\ by the;
f
•
The Tirks and Jcuis are oblig'd by the to Jinly. The caufe of this- misfortune
was.
+8 t'l yôyage round the Uôrld. Book II.
Ch
Cbmblli was, that he leading an ill life in his fliall fee what I will ilo ; in the mean
'693- order, and the fuperior intending to while pray for me. Perceiving he was
^^'"^''^punifli him, he fled to Scio, and h d re- fettled in his refolution, he gave him a
courfe to the catholick bilhops, to ob- fecond time abfolution, and the bleffed
tain his pardon of the order, winch Iacrament. On Friday being the Turks
being refus'd, in difpair he turn'd Ma- feltival, B. James went to the Bazar, or
hometan. From tliat time forward, he market-place where abundance of peo-
always did the billiop ill offices with ple wei-e, carrying a crofs in his bofom.
M.inick
the Bajfit, falfly acculing him of hold- and fetting one foot on his turbant,
ing correfpondence with the repiiblick and the other on his green garment,
01 Venice ; which calumny could not be holding the crofs It his hand, he be-
taken off, without a great deal of mo- gan to preach, and declare, that Iwing
!ii*»ll
ney. I hope God will give this man penitent foi his offence, he was refolv'd
grace to follow the example of B. James, to die for the catholick faith, and that
a lay-brother of Calabria. He being the Mahometan religion was a cheat,
caft into prilon for fome benious offence, and their prophet an importer, who
by the fuperior of Er'za, a fmall mo- led fouls to hell. A great multitude
n.iftery in the mountains of S-^rin, fub- flock'd about him, Iiearing thefe words,
of Jent/alem, Hed to Barut,
jecl to that and fome underltanding Italian, ran to
and thence to Seyîe ; and not being ad- acquaint the Baffa, who order'd the
mitted, becaufe of the plague, uay'd friarto be brought before him, in the
wirhout, with three other religious men moft abufive manner, as was j.ierform'd,
of his order. In the mean while, the thofe barbarians breaking the crofs.
prefident of Suyde talk'd to, and com- Being brought, he ask'd him, whether
forted him from the wall, v'ith the he was mad to behave himfelf after that
hopes that he (hould obtain his pardon rnanner? B. James told him, he was in
Tame p.ir-
of the father guardian ; but the plague his right fenfes, and had been mad when tridgcs. tl
flill continuing, and there being no ad- he embrac'd fo infimous a religion. A
mittance, they agreed to retire for fome court was held after this, and the French
time to Darheffln. B. James perceiving labour'd with the Cadi to lave his life,
the bufincfs was protracted, and de- or at leaft that iie fhould be put to an
fpairing of pardon, reairn'd to Seyde, eafie death ; and the Cadi oHering to
in the beginning of May 1693, anci pardon him, provided he would own
going to the feragiio, defir'd to bi* what he did, was in a fit of .nadnefs,
made a Mahometan. He was receivM, the good man would not do it, but ex-
rtP.d circu'mcis'd, but before two peded death with an unparaliell'd re-
months were over, becoming fenfihU folutidn. Being therefore led in the
of fiis crime, he had recourfe to a beginning of July in hi. Oiirt anil bree-
trench Capuchin, wiio was fuperior in ches to the gate of the feragiio, the exe-
that city, humbly begging abfolution, cutioner flrutk him witli the back of
and declaring with many tears, that he his fcimitcr, to terrific and make him
for ever abjur'd, and detclled Mabome- unlay what he had laid ; but not pre-
ianij'm. The other anfwer'd, he mull fly vailing, with a fecond f>rokc, he at laft
into chriftendom ; tor he could not ab- ftruck oft" his head, haiking the tlead
folve him, becaufe he was in imminent body, wiiich being bought by the French
danger of relapfing into tiie fime ftate of for fifty Piajires, to be bury'd, was put
damnation, if he continu'd among Maho- into lime to lave tiie bones, but the
metan.'. B. James rcply'd, he publickly place being openM after three months,
own'd his crime, and was ready to die a itwas found as fiefh as it was bury'd,
martyr for his faith and religion. He not fo much as a hair being dropp'd olT
ftill perfifted in tliis holy purpofe, and his beard. This was told me, by mon-
returning on WcibiefJas, the aforefaid fa- lieur Kipera, and other French merchants,
ther fuperior gave him abfolution, and who were eyc-witnelles to it and be- ;
the blclTal iacrament. The next day, caufe ail the ciirirtians of the eaft have
that good father advis'd him to make celebrated his fcftival, I tiiought fit to
hi:: aboard fome French veffel,
'•fcape make mention of it, tor the informa-
becaufe was not lure he could over-
lie tion of thole who have not heard of it.
come human wcaknefs, and obtain of Al- Friday the 20th, the wind blew fo hard,
mighty Goil the (^"-ace of martrydom. that the vtllels in the harbour were forc'J
B. James anfwer'd no, ' will die f jr the to drop another anchor, which larted
faith, and I find my felf i"i refolv'a, that all Saturday the 21ft. Sunday the ?.zd,
I do not f(:ar being burnt to death, wliich I walk'd about the city, with tl e con-
at firft me.
terrify'dAdding further, ful's fon, and four othc" Frenchmen ;
give me a crucifix, and to morrow you who conduiflcd me to an eti'rlos'd court,
about
Book II.
Chap. I. 0/ TURK Y. 49
Gnck about which, there were many little hou- line again on Thurfdny the 26th, we made Cfmfi ti
111 the mean UIIS. To fay the way, but about fun-fet, blew hard 'f'93'
fes, inhabitcii by Greek nuns. little it
ving he was
truth, appear'd more like a ..ew than a
it againft us, fo that with much tacking, we '-^^"^
gave him :i
monaftery, bccaufe of the liberty thofe got at midnight within the fort, and an-
the blelTcd The canic
1
counterfeit rcligiou" -omen t.ike, being chor'd by it. They fay this caftle was
g the Turks
allow'd to go about the city at their plea- built thirty years fincc, becaufe a
7(''*'i''oiSmfrn*.
le Bazar, or
fure, and to admit men whenfoever they who farm'd the cufVoms, Hed into chri-
nee of peo-
pleale. ftendom with two veflc-ls, at the fame time
n his boiom,
Monday the 2jd, the iîme company that the grand leignior lent orders by a
his turbant,
went to lee the trees that produce the ma- Baffa, to have him carry'd to Conjiaiili-
;n garment,
lUck, or the Sakes, as the Turks call it. nople ; others fay, it was on account of
md, he be-
They are fmall, and their branches bow the Englift) and Dutch, that were in the
, that being
down to the ground, turning up again. harbour refufing to ferve againlt the Ve-
was rel'olv'd
To make the martick, they give a gafh netians. This fort is low built, with two
th, and that
in fome parts of the trunk ; whence, trom baftions at the angles, and without any
/as a cheat,
the beginning of M.;v, till the ^ndoi June, modern fortification ; but it is furnifli'd
jofter, who
that liquor drops down on the ground ; with twenty one pieces of cannon, lying
t muhitude level with the water, and well garrilbn'd.
and therefore they endeavour to keep the
thefe words.
pl.ice very clean to gather it. They (iiy The commander of it futTersany to go
Hail, ran to
there isgood turpentine made in the fime into the port, luit none to go out without
order'd the
ifland, bur I tlid not fee the tree. Then his leave.
him, in the
wc went from the city, "t fee a
three miles The fime contrary wind continuing on
> pierform'd,
rock near the which there wa^ a feat
lea, in Friday the 27th, we tack'd up into tlie
the crofs.
cut in the middle, and others about it, harbour of Sinirna, and came to an an-
m, whether
which they told me was Homer's fchool j chor in the evening, going immediately
;lf alter that
but I never read that Homer taught. with the four Frenchweii, and captain of
1, he was in the vcfTcl to the French conful's, who re-
Time par The partridges arc fo tame in Scio, that
n mad when tiMgcs. they feed about the fields in fummer, and ceiv'd us courteoufly, giving us a good
religion. A at night return to their mafler's houfe, up- collation, and making us drink merrily.
d the French
on tin; call of a whiftle, as was fliew'd me Taking leave of the conful and friends,
lave his life, we came thorough, in our re- went to provide me a lodging, and took
in a village I
be put to an one in a Frenchman's houfe for half a i)iece
turn home.
oHering to had refolvVl to go from Scio to Ccn- of eight a day, and a quarter for my
I
would own flantinoplc, aboard another veflel ; Lut man but any man that would be laving,
-,
of .nadnefs, monfieur Ripera, whodeliver'd me from may find in the city fome Xan', or vali
it, but ex- the danger I was in at Rhodes, would not apartments, capable to contain fome thou-
ile! I'd re- content, laying, it w.ts better for me to fiinds, efpecially the Xancclehi, cover'd
led in the my aud conti- with lead i and that of the Armenians,
go to Sminia to take pafs,
and bree- nue my voyage thence -, becaufe if I went where the caravan of Perjia lots up ; where
the exe- aboard Turks or Greeks again without a for a Butch piafiirc, or little more, a man
back of pafs, I might eafily be made a flaveinany may have a room without a bed for a
make him ifland of the /Ircbiepelago, where there month, and live fuitable to his purfe.
It not pre- were no French; which being alfo told Smirna, l.amira, Lamires, or Sarchi- Snlma
he at lafl me by the conful, I alter'd my refolution, nia, is feated in ijS degrees of latitude, '^"^'
the dead and took the good advice they gave me, partly on the plain along the Egean fea,
the French and the foontr, becaufe the winter being commonly call d. Jrchiepelago, and part-
was put well advanced, and the voyage 500 miles, ly on the thought to have
hill.
is It
but the I might have lain fome months by the way. been founded by the Amazons, in the
;e months, with the lame company
I embark'd year of the world ,^203, or by Tbcfeus,
as bury'd, aboard the fame tartane, on Tuefday the as others wil! have it. It was once an
Iropp'd olT 14th, and the wind being fair, foon left archiepifcopal lee, and at prefent is the
by mon- the land of CuJnmel on our right hand v metropolis of 'he country, and mart
nicrchants, but near the ifland Spalmatorc the wind of the eaft, becaufe ftanding in a place,
and be- iailM us, .ind therefore we advanc'd but by which the commodities of Europe
cafl: have little that night, between the continent and Afta mufi: ncals pals. The city is
ight fit to and tiie ifland, which is inhabited by Turks not lb fimous for the birth and death
informa- .uid Greeki. fFedn-fday the 25th the calm of Homer, if it be lawfiil to decide fo
ard of it. continu'd, and a little gale coming up in antient a controverfy, as it is renown-
w fo hard, the evening, we pafs'd by Cape Carabor- ed for the holy bifhop Polycarpus, w'lo
ere I'orc'd >ius, leavir.g Melellin on the left. The writ upon the myllerious book of
:h lafted wind frelhning at night, wc entered the the Apocalipfe, or revelation i.i Smir-
die 2 2d, gulph of SirArna, fleering towards the city, na, Ephefus, Pargamo, Thya.'ira, Phila-
tl e con- thorough the pafTage the continent leaves delphia, and Laodicea. Tiic compafs of
1'ncl.mien on both fides, for the fea. The wind fal- the modern city is about tour miles,
.'d court, VoL. IV. O its
about
50 ^ ôjîgtf ro««<? fibe JV&rld. Book II.
^m^
G«M till its fliape fomewhat drawing
irregular, Coming down a-foot from the hill, I
"69}- towartis a triangle, whofc fulc next the fiw a very antient fabrick, which feems
'-''^'''^ moiinMin, is longer than either of the to have been a fort of the old city
two that lie upon the lea, and this for whereof on the north fide, fome fmall
want of ground. There is no beauty part of the walls remain, which time has
in tlic little ho-
buildings, for they are not yet dcmoliftiVl. The new city is all
vels, after the Turkijh famion i fome of open.
them very low, and of mud-walls, re- The confuls of France, England, and Confuli.
Cullom-
built fince the lall earthquake, which Holland, live very great, in iiately hou-
koulcs.
levell'd the greated part of Smirna; fes upon the Ihoar j employ-
for that
but the Xam, as I (Iiid before are mag- ment, in a place of fuch great trade, and
nificent, and coll much building. The where there are fo many rich merchants,
.&
rtreets are large, and all the city is one is very profitable.
continu'd Bazar or fair, where nothing There are three monaileries for ad- Monndc
'"•''•
that can be wilh'd for is wanting, either miniftring the liicraments to catholicks ;
for cloathing, fiiftenance, or pleafurt one of the Jefuils, another of Capuchins

becaufe all the beil commodities of Eu- who being French, arc maintain'ii by their
rope and A/ta, are brought hither to be king i and the third of poor Vendian Re-
fold at good rates. Provifions are not colets, who live miferably. There are fe-
lb cheap as in the other domi- Turkijh veral other monafterics of Greeks, and
nions, becaufe of the great refort of fynagogues of "Jews.
flrangers, who amount to above 50000 Monday the 30th, I went a little way n.ime.
'[ :
fouls, between European c\\v\(ium, Greeks, out of the city, to divert my felf with
jinnenians, Ji'ws, Turks, and others. fliootin^, there bcin;.!; abundance of all
The port. The port is capable of containing fcveral forts of g.ime ; as wild boars, deer, and
fleets, in which there are always hundreds other wild beafts, hefides partridges,
of niips of fevera' nations. The tour godwits, thrufhcs, ducks, and innume-
galleys of the place are in the inward rable other birds. This 1 could do with-
port, defended by a mean fort, with out any apprehenfion of the Turks, be-
few pieces of cannon, and a weak gar- caufe tne Franks have all imaginable li-
rifon. berty at Smirna, cloathing themfelvcs af-
% k
There being an ancient caftle in the ter the French or Italian manner, as they
upper part of the city, fiid to be built pleafe and goinj^ about, cither within,
•,
1^ by the emprefs Helen, I went to fee it or without the city, by water, or by land,
Thecalllcon Saturday the 28th. Being upon the without any reftraint, ormoleftation. Fifh
hill that commands the city, I obferv'd is as plentiful as game, and the fca pro-
on the left hand, an antient ftrudlure, duces as much variety of fliell-fifli, as the
which they faid,had been the palace of land does of fruit, which is extraordina-
the Greek council, when Smirna was the ry good and delicious, particularly the
metropolis of Ionia, and the lelTer A/ia. pomegranates, which are far beyond thofe
Going into the caftle, at the great gate, of Naples, and whole ficks full of them
towards the city, I found on the left are carried to Conjlantinopte to fell. This
hand, a ftatue of half the body of the place alfo produces Scammony, Opium and
aforefiid emprefs, and under it fome Tur- galls.
kijh charadlers, with a marble tomb, All thefe delights and pleafures are al-
and by it an antient church, converted lay'd by the uncomfortable dwelling then
into a Mofque, but all ruin'd, and fe- is in that city, where the malignity of the
vcral marble pillars lying about the air caufes peftilential fevers, but efpecial-
ground. Clofe by, there is a defcent ly in themonths of May, June, and Ju!\,
into a place uncier ground, in which and the great heat of the fummer, makes
there are twenty four vail great columns people weary of tiieir lives. Add to this,
that fupport certain vaults ; the bottom the frequent plagues and earthquakes,
of it being well pav'd, fhews it was a which if they tail one year, are (ure to
cillern for the uie of the caftle. The be felt the next, burying the inhabitants,
compafs of the fiid caftle is almoft a and levelling the houfes.
tiii'i mile, in the nature of an amphitheatre, Tuefday the ift of December, I went to
'
.'»-
with fix plain towers next the city the -, fee the four galleys of the city, which are
others on the oppofite fide being ruin'd. under a BaJJa, call'd command.mt ; a Cadi
pi'.:;
i' Within this fpace, there lie many ftones governing the city. I made ufe of a Jew
and pillars about the ground, which Ihcw for my interpreter, hireing him for a fmall
there were feveral dwellings within it. matter a day ; for the Jews are in fuch a
They fiy, St. Pol-jcarpus was expos'd to miterable condition in the dominions of
be devour'd by lions, in the fquare place the Mahometans, that they think tlicm-
ot tills caftle felvcs happy to be hired at any rate.
S They
Book II.
Cmap.IL 0/ TURK Y. $1
r\ the hill, I and what countryman and that IGsmeih
They eafily fpcak Spanifi, their mother I was,
which fefins defir'd a pais for Conjlantinople, he ver- '693-
tongue being no other than a corrup-
he ok! city ; and therefore any granted it. l.^^'XJ
tion of that language •, civilly
, fome fmall man that has this tongue, may travel Saturday the 5 th, the great rain kept
liich time has through the Eall, without any difficul- me from feeing any thing. Sunday the
lew city is all
ty, there beinp Jews throughout all 6ch, going to the Xan, to look for my
Turky and Perjia, that fcrvc as interpre- Jewijh interpreter, a Icrvant of the Ca-
England, antl Confult. This Jew led me ragi Bajfa, or chief of the receivers of
Cullom- ters at an eafy rate.
I ilately hou- koulcs. on fVedncfday tiie zd, to fee the two the taxes, ask'd me, whether I was a
;hat cmploy- cuftom-houfes of the city ; one a great Portugue/e, meaning whether 1 was a Jew,
at trade, and and I telling him I was not, he would
one, call'd of the trade, where is paid
:h merchants, the duty of the great quantity of raw not believe me, but carry'd me before
filk the Armenians bring out of Per/ia, his maftcr, who having ask'd me the fame
cries for ad- Monaflc. and the Franks tranfport into Europe, queftion, and I anfwering that I was a
catholicks ""•
) •,
as alfo fpun cotton, camelet, hides, wool, Frenchman, and tax-free, he would have
>f Capuchins ; rhubarb, and other commodities. The a pledge of me, which the conful foon
:ain'd by their other cultom-houfe, which they call of caus'd him to reflore.
r Fi'nctian Ri'- Stambid, Handing in the left angle of Three fhips of Ragufa were under fail
There are fe- tlie bottom of the port, is for the trade upon Monday the 7tli, for Leghorn, but
G recks, and of ConjlantinopU; Saionichi, and other the irf «f A conful ftop'd them, upon pre-
places of Turky. They are both eafier tence they brought Englijh and Dutch
t a little way Game, than ours in Europe ; for there my deaths from thence to Sinirna but o- ;
my felt' with trunks were opcn'd, and look'd into, th'jrs faid he would have had 1000 pia-
idance of all no farther tii.in the cop, and that very itres of each to ciifcharge them, wnt
irs, deer, and civilly i but in Syria, I found them fe- of they fent their complaints to ihc Freiub
IS partridges, vcrc, examining every thing in a very ambaffador, but what the event was I
and Innume- ill manner. know not.
:ouId do with- Going to hear maft, on Tburfday the Tuefday the 8th, I went to the Jefuits
hc Turks, be- qd, at the church of St. Anthony, of the church to take the advice of a friend
maginable li- Recolets ; I faw they carry'd a corps in concerning my voyage. The church
themfelves af- procefTion, with a crofs on high before was finilh'd, but the houfe or mona-
nner, as they it, and the religious men in furplices, flery was then building j the fathers in
either within, as is us'd in Italy ; which the Turks do themean while living in boarded rooms.
r, or by land, not allow elfewhere. Being to go to They are allow'd for their maintenance
leftation. Fifh ConftanlinopU', and wanting a pals, I to receive fifty piaftres of every vefTel
the lea pro- went on Friday the 4th, to the EngliJIj that comes in under French colours.
as the
ll-fini, conful i and beginning to tell him, that fVednefday the 9th, I din'd with monficur
exrraordina- I was of the kingdom of Naples, and Ripera, with whom I left my luggage
rticularly the a fubjeifl; of his catholick majelly's, who till my return. Thur/day the loth, in
beyond thofe was then in alliAnce with England; he the morning, the y/ga of Seyde came to
full of them would not allow mc to proceed, under- fee nie, and having treated him with cho-
to fell. This Itanding what it was I defir'd ; but 'n- colate, the brute, who liad never tafled
)', Opium inA terruptmg me in a haughty manner, fuch liquor, whether that or the fumes
laid, I can grant no protedion ; and of tobacco dilturb'd his head, com-
fures are al- have you a care of the French conful, plain'd grievoufly of me, fiying I had
Iwelling then left he knowing you are a Neapolitan., given him a fort of liquor to make him
ignity of the put the Turks upon doing you fome dif- mad ; and had his diftcmper continu'd,
but efpecial- kindncfs. Perceiving by his way of talk- I had fuffcr'd as I deferv'd, for giving
ne,and Juh, ing, that he would not eafily be pre- chocolate to an afs. He faid he was
mcr, makes vail'd upon to alter his mind ; I took grandfon to the vifier Kupurli, and flat-
Add to tiiis, my and going to the Dutch con-
leave, ter'd himfelf with the hopes of rifing to
earthquakes, ful, had the fame anfwer. Not know- that dignity 1 as if there went nothing to
are fure to ing what to do, I went to the French the obtaining of it, but being grandfon
inhabitants, conful, and telling him very plainly who. to the other.
•), I went to
which are 1 HAP. II.
l.mt 1 a Culi
-The Author's Voyage to Adrlanople, and the Defcription of that City, as
life of a
J CIV alfo of
the Ifes of Tenedos, and Mitylene, and the City
111 for a iinall of Gallipoly.
lire in fuch a
ominions of
FRiday the 1 1 .'a, the weather being fair, veflel call'd a Chiambcr, imbark'd on
think thcm- I took leave of my friends, and bar- Saturday at night, paying for a cauoin
at any rate. gaining for my pafTage aboard a Turkijh a-pait, that I might be leparate from
They thofe
52 A Voyaiê round the WwU. Book II,
Ch i
Gfmh 1,1 thofc fcoundrels. About miJnight we ving run fifty miles. The ruins of old
'*'''•
iailM with .I fair wind. Troy were to be fecn dole by, infomuch
^^^"^^"^ ?th, two hours before lun- that the wind ceafing, I caus'il my lelf
.<i;(«,/,ivtlic 1
fct, we (oimcl our fclvcs oppofitc to, and to be fet aflioar, to ilivert my felt,
two mill's from the tortrcfs of Foggia, viewing the remains of that famous
fe.iti'd on th.vc point of l.ind, which is place. I found for above a mile along
on the left, entring the bay oi Sminia, the coafl, white marble flones antl co-
wliich is forty miles in length, and this lumns both flanding and fallen; which
fecurcs the entrance into the port el' that appear to have Ixlong'd to the port,
city, ftanding at the bottom of the bay. anil walking above a mile up the coun-
This Foggiti is Imall, but wall'd, and de- try, among the trees, law old llructurcs
'Jl.'::
fenilcd by a caltlc. \Vc arriv'd at Me- all of free-flone, fbme itanding, ibme
-%iiinand.
tdlinabont night, and landed there, ha- fallen. I alio faw a large tquare tower
ving fail'd So niiifs. of great Hones, which h.id !ome I'm.iU
M,-tf!li Mi'irlliii, or Mitylenf, antiently known windows about firll: cornifli, and the
the
ill 111 J.
by the nanu's of Labos, llnintrte and roof was round, by which I judg'd it
j\[<h\ina, is call'd by tlie Turks Meiiilli, in ancient times to have Iven a temple.
Forts en-
and is ^6o miles in compafs. No ',iland I went no further, becaufe the Rais or
tring the
in the Arc'nfpeLiô is more famous v for mailer, would allow me no more time Dtfiiii
it country ot Piiiiuus., one ot

w,is tiic who told me, that for a days journey miles.
the Icvcn men of GiiYcr, of the

wili- up the country, there were all along
learncil Sappho, of Arioii the mufician, fuch ruin'd llruftures, and good marble-
and of other renowned men. The me- lying about. The Turks call it old Cot:-
tropolitan city is featcd on the north Jiaiitiuople.
call fuie, on a rock, which butting into Thcic Muhomi'l.iiis noxcv neglert to
the fca, makes two f'veral ports. That fay their prayers five times a d.i'y ; tlic
on the call fide ferves for the galleys, firll at break of d.iy, tlie feconil at
and there were two in it ; the other for noon, the third about evening, the fourth
all forts of (hips. They are both de- at night-fall, and tlie filth two hours
f nded by a caflle on the hill, and an- after night, only altering the third in
other fort at the foot of it, looking to- fummcr, which begins Iboner. I'.very
wards the well. one prays by himtclf, kneeling on a
The houfes of the city are low, and cloath, and facing towards Mecra ; but
inhabited by Turks and Greeks \ yet there when they arc in towns, they II go to ;
is an excellent Bazar or market. The the Mofque, one of their prie'ls calling
fertile foil produces good wine, and all them with frightful cries from the top of
things elfe necefliiry to live well. This a fteeple.
ifland was taken by Mahomet II, in the The wind frcfhning, we put imoj'"'-^'"
year 14^'4. the ifland of Tt-ncdos, that lame day. '"""''•
Monday the 1 4th, we weigh'd anchor This ifland formerly call'd Lcucophris,
five hours before day, and out with fet and L^rneffus, and now by the Turks
'
little wind, which provM contrary after Bofiiada, is one of th'? moll: northerly
noon. At fun-fet we pafs'd the ilreight in the Arcbiepelago towards Ajia. It was
oi Saba, which is five or fix miles very populous and rich in the reigns
over, made by the weftermoft point of of the kings Priam and Laomedoii. It
the iiland of Metellin, and ca[)e Baba on is famous anioi.j^ .riters tor the Greeks
the continent of Natalia. It was call'd lying conceal'd there in the Trojan war ;
Baba, as they told me, in memory of an and between the Ve-

for the differences
old man bury'd tnere, who, whilfl he netians and Genocfes about the poflelFion
ll livM, gave the Turks notice, whether of it. The middle of the iiland is plain,
there were any chriftian privateers either the edges mountainous, and produce
within the itreights or without. About good muskadine wines. Its compafs
two hours after niglit, we came to an is fifty miles, wherein there are feveral
anchor in an o[Ten roaii beyonil the ca- villages, and the chief city of the fame
flle of the town of Molova, iiaving run name, fhnds at the foot of a moun-
fixty miles. tain in the eafl angle of the ifland,
Tuefday the 15th, four hours before looking towards the Dardanelles, from
T^jy ruins.
day we fiil'd again, the Turk not tiaring which it is but iX miles iliilant. It is
to keep o'.it at night for fear of pyrates, none of the meanelt cities in the Anhu-
and not tor want of wind. The good pelaô, and was famous among the an-
weather continuing, two hours before tients, for a temple near it dedicated
fun-fet we pafs'd between the ifland of to the God Neflune, to which the na-
TcneJos, or Bofdada, as the Turks call tions far and near made their vows, and
it, and tiie continent of Natalia, ha- fent oficiings. It u open, but large,
its
Book II. (j^^p n 0/ TURK Y. 53
ruins of old
its low houfcs inhabited by Greeks and wind, which before noon brought ourGBMti.ti
ly, inlonuitli
Turks, reaching to the foot oi fhc hill, Cbiamber between the two other t()rts by '^'J3-
.usM my lilt and along the lea-ftiore. The talllc the anticnts call'd Sijlus and '1l')dus ; t/^/^J
crt my Iclt, .?, that commands it, built on the point of which being in the narroweil pan of the
that famous channel, but two miles dillant, do fo
a rock, has many dwellings of Turks,
a mile along
and garrilbn foldiers within the walls. fecure the palTagc, that ii t\ould be dan-
IKS and co-
The lame callle fecures the port, which gerous to attempt ;\i(rmg without the
ilicn ; which
is very good and capacious enough for Turk: confent. Abydiis, featcd in A'.(-
to the port,
;^
'
A Heet ; the two galleys of Rhodes were tolia, is llronger and better than the
ip the coun-
then there under the command of Am- other, bec.uile it h.ul fix billions on the
<KI llriicturcs
maz i-mamma. three fides that fecure the llreiii;ht, with
nding, IbiiK'
•1(^(ifljinil. Not far from Tenedos, is an ifland about thirty heavy pieces of cannon on
Icjuaic tower
twice as big as it, call'd Tojfi, and in them, befides the fmall ones on the up-
foint.' fmaU the Tnrkijh language Himbros, in which per port. In the middle is a good bul-
nifli, and tiio
Grrcks live, vvho pay tribute both to the wark, and about it a deep ditch with
I judg'd ic
Turks and ycnctuins. a draw-bridge. The neighbouring town
en a temple.
Forts en- ff'fdm-fday the 1 6th, at night it rain'il is not wall'd, and is unwholfome in
the or R.iis •rtng 'he hard, which was bad for the palTengers fummer, by rcafon of the bad wa-
I more time D*r,i,i-
jI^^^j |,y ^|p^p, j|,^, ,\^,^.\^ .
^,m ,jj break ter yet there is a Fremh conful, ap-
;
days jouriiiy «//(
of ilay the weather clcar'd up, and pointed by the amballador that refules
re all aloni^
the winil came up fair to enter the Dar- at the port. The other callle in Ru-
(rood marble
danelles which made the drowfy Rais, or
i vtelia is not fo regular as this, by rea-
ill it old Coi:- mailer, weigh anchor, after he had Ibn of the unevennefs of the ground
lain a night in port, as if he had been it is built on ; but it has a ballion at
r ncgleift to to row in a boat. The Avind faii'd in the angle that points towartls the other
a day i the fight of the village of Gblaurcbivij, in caftles 1 in the midll of a place to retire
he ll'cond at
Ajia, three miles from the entrance of to, defended by a large and well built
the fourth
the Dardanelles i fo that they were forced
ig, bulwark ; and three little towers on
:h two hours .it
to row the Chiamher with twenty oars, the 'and-lide, with a long curtain on the
the third in beyond the caftle of Natalia, by the Turks flreight. As lor cannon, it has as
loner. Kvery call'd Anad'lijfnr. Oppofite to it is the much as the other ; and befides one
^f
leeling on ;i other the TmTn call Urmcli-Ijfar, that is, piece of fuch a prodigious bignels, that
Meca ; but the callle of Romelia, becaufe featcd in a man may fit in it. The houlcs o''
ley ; II go to that province. Thcfe forts were built the Turks are between the w.dl of the
)ric*l.s calling not long fince to fecure the entrance of fort, and another at a dillance on that
)m the top of the ilreight, which being twelve miles di- fide, that looks towards the new ca-
ftant from one another, cannot obllruft ftles. The top of the hill is adorn'd
ve put into'^""''''^' the pafTige of Ihips that will pafs be- by art with good houfes, and by n.iture
''^'"'•
t lame day. tween them in the middle. That on furnifti'd with good water, a fertile toil,
1 l.i'ucop/.iris, the Afiaii fide is featcd on a \,Wm, with and excellent air.
the Turks two ballions parallel to the entrance, T!-"- Rais having landed fomc bales
l\ northerly and two to the ftrcight, all firnilh'd of fope, we held on our courfe, leav-
/(/ia. It was with heavy cannon ; as is the :urtin, ing behind us after three miles lailing,
the reigns on which there are at leafl fixty pieces, Maidds, a good town on the ftiore of
aotiu'doii. It befidcs (mall ones planted on the upper Romelia, abounding in wine which ;
the G'':eks part. There is in it a garrifon of live l.un- the French merchants ule to buy cheap,
Trojan war j dred foldiers, as I was told, who live pait- being about three pints for a half pen-
en the Vr- ly in the callle, and partly in ii^veral lit- ny. Nine miles further the
is anticnt
pofleirion tle houfes without it; the village of the city of Schie-Stamhiil, the firft the Turks
ind is plain, Cri-c'ks is on the top of the hill. That took when they drove away the chri-
nd produce of Romelia Hands on the clilVs of a hill, ftians, and made themfelves' mailers of
Its compafs reaching over a great part of it with Conjlanlinople nothing remains of
; it at
ire fevcral good buildings. In the midll of it arc prefent but a ruinous callle. To con-
of the fame the houlcs of the commandant, and o- clude, we arriv'd at the city GalliMli
f a nioun- tliei- Turki, with a Mofque and magazine. before fun-fet, it being thirty miles from
the illind, That towards the ftrcight, has as
fide, the two caftles. I admir'd the wonders
nciles^ trom m uiy bartions as the other in Nalolia, of nature through this ftrcight,
in lailing
iLmt. It is • and built after the (mwc form ; but it for in fome places it is but three iniles
the Jrchle- has two others on the land-fide, and is over, in others ten, and in the wideil
ong the an-
^ not inferioi to the other for goodnefs, or thirty, fl:retching three hundred miles
il dedicated :,^
number of cannon. The village of the in length to the black fea, ami much
licli the na- fame name is on the top of the hill. differing in all parts wherj its waters
:
J
vows, and :kf!-n.\nd Thurfday the 17th, we fet fail three have a rapid courfe.
but hirjjc, ':^Sîy.iu!. hours before day, with 9, good north-
its i? Vol. IV. P Being
H A Voyage round the World. Book 11.
GsMtLLi Being linded, I went to the I'rfiiib Jtres a year of it i befides the profits of
i6<)5.
vicc-roiilurs, to procure Ibmc I'.it'e way the Cain, ^ga, and other offiiers. Ihit
^"^^^^ôf travelling to the lourt o\ /tdria- city formerly was the oui let for plea-
mple. He would not jx;rmit mr to lure to an antient city leated oppofite
lodge any where but in liis own houlc \ to it in /Ifia, whereof nothing remains
which I willingly accepted, rather than .at prelrnt,but the ruins on the fhorc
:[ lie on the ground in a colVcr houie i
there being no Xaiiy in Gullipoli. He
ami where afterwards a little city
hill ;
call d /.apjic was creiJled. Galli/oli has

gave me an excellent fupper, am! gooil plenty ot corn, wine and fruit, efpe-
licil, which I had need ot', having had cially excellent winter melons, of which
five bad nights at fca , but he being a I bought nine very good ones for three
Carlinei of Naples money ; about eigh-
I Jtw, and k:iM>i, and conlequcntly learn-

ed, and a pundual obferver of the He-
brew rujK'rlUtions I could not conform
-,
teen pence En^lijh,
for no game,
The country want*
as deer, hares, par-
to his phariiaical way of living, as to tridges, ducks, anc< other fowl. The
the manner ot eating. He would ne- Bazar, or market of the city is very
ver allow me to cut the breail with my large, and better furnifliM than th.it
own knife but with his and what made \ of jilexaudria, there being variety ot
me laugh moil was, that he made no commodities, of anilb, and handicrafts,
other ule of thofe knives he cut the each in their proper place.
meat with ; and they were all to be Raphael, fon to Simon the vice-con-
fpotlcfs. As for tny journey, he laid, if ful, us'd all his endeavours on J'riday
I had arrii'd one day fooncr, I might iS'ih, to find lome fife convcnicncy for
have gone with a Janizary, who carryM nit- to travel to Jdii.nh'p.'r, but couKI
fome letters from the kinw ot France neither meet with the Caravan, that ulct
to the cmbalTador, delivcr'ci to him by to carry filk, nor any other coinp.uiv
a l-'rffitb captain, who was come from that I might go with, free from the
Marfeilles, in twenty four days however •, danger of the 'Jamzann, who return-
he would ule all his endeavours, to get ing from the war to their winter
me a fecure padlige .'.nee I had refus'd ; quarters in Natalia fcatter on the roail,
to go aboarci the lliid vefTei to Conjlan- to rob and murder all they meet. In
tinopUy being very defirous firft to fee the mean while the Xaxan, or Rahbi,
the Ottoman court. perlwaded me to take the way of Con-
Gallipcli, in the Turkijh language call'd ftantimple, or Rodejlon \ and he would
::M Callipili
••y- Jebbole, feated degrees of lati-
in 42 give me his letter, which would ren-
tude, is miles in compafs,
a city three der the way eafier and flifer 1 but this
feated in Romelia, towards the weft. did not make me alter my refolution.
It is not wall'd ; and the houfes tho* He was fo much concern'd about the
low, arc of free-ftone, and have good fafety of my journey, becaufe I h.ul flg-
pleafant Formerly there; was
gardens. nify'd to him, that I was fcnt by the
a fort on the hill, which commanded merchants of Marfeilles with letters of
the port, but it went to ruin through great moment to the embadlidor. I:
the lazinefs of the Turks. On the fides mull not be thought fl range 1 fhould
ot the mole were one
alio the arfenals, fometimes make my advantage of a lye ;
on the right to fecure three galleys, for being in a country of barbarian?,
and the other on the left for twelve, who are enemies to chriftianity, and in
where the vice-conful told me the Turks time of war, it was ncccirary to coun-
2 f r
laid up tlieir galleys that efrap'd the terfeit, change my habit, clifown my
havotk a Venetian fhip made among country, and pretend other bufinefs to
them at the mouth of tiic ftreight, prevent lofing my b.iggage anil liberty.
which rotted away there. The arches The Turki are very jealous, anil ealily
arc now fallen down, and only the wails wrong a Frank, when he is too open,
are flanding. There is a good exchange and has not words to fhift the danger
covcr'd with le.ad, with feveral little tiiat threatens him.
cupola'.s, which is let to traders by the Whilft I was contriving for my jour-
governours of a Mofque. The inhabi- ney, good fortun:; ordain'd that a coach
tants of this city are about 6000, Greeks, came, which was returning empty to
jfezci and Turks, whofe greateft em- Adrianople ; therefore fending for the
ployment is to make excellent arrows. coach-man, by an Arineman that was
It is a place of great trade, by reafon to go the lame way, I agreed to give
of its convenient fituation, being in him a zecchine for my felt, and a /';;-
the way to Conjiantinople, and Adriano- ftre for my fervant. Then ctrrying
fie; infomuch, that the Baffa, who go- him before the conlul, to ask his opi-
verns it, makes about one thoufand Pia- nion whether I might go fîfely, he laid
I mittht,
1
Book If. Chap. TI. 0/ TURK Y. 55
he profits nl I might, becaiifr the coachman was a a cultivated country ten milei to thcGiMcui
Tliii of JuligiaMujfurniii after which ""'1
ftitfrs. fiiilfâruin chrillian, of the country of village ;
let
tfil
lor
opjiofitc
plca- i /v/(if, four ilay-i journey from /i.lri
amplf, and known for having made leve-
wc entrM many mountains coverM with^'^^-'^^
fmall trees fit lor nothing. 1 laving
, 7 ft
liing remnins ral Alter which,

journeys to Gallipoli. drove eight miles of this way, we came
on the fhore the bargain lying ratify'd, the Bulgarian again into tiie (jlain, and went Icven
.1 little city gave me ten Parj\ carneft, contrary to miles further to rell at Mahnra.
(icilli/oli has 1 tlie cuttom of Italj, where the couch- This is :i city leatal at the foot of a M,i/^,ir,,
fruit, efpe- -lan gives not, but receives. mountain, containing about ioocki Ibuls"^"*''
)ns, of whiili I In the mean wliile, the conful took Turki, Armenians an<l Creeks, under the
incs for three care to make much of me he l)eing ; government ol a Biiffa, to wiiom joo
about eigh- well to pal's, ami having many llaves, villages about it are lubjcfh Here are
ountry wants 4 and ItijliiiH furniture i lo that alter a fevcn Mofques coverVI with leail and a ;
hares, jiar- good dinner at noon, gave mc a

he large place enclos'd with fix cupola's,
tbwl. The plentiful fiip[)er at night, of fidi for which llrvcs for an exchange, or Bazar
city is very nie, and Iklh (br hunlelf, without omit- of the richcft commoilities, 1 lad it not
il than that ting his Jeivijh fupcrllitions in eating, been for the mountain, we had that day
; variety ot as well in praying, as not .dloving me travell'd forty miles, for the Bu/gari,'ii
.1 hanilitratts to cut the Finding tiw melons
bread. kept his horfes to a round trot. But
better than tiiolc of Parabiia, in the I not being us'd to fit alter the '7'urki//.>
ilic vicc-ron- kingdom of Nafhs, I lain in ftock of ;'. fafhion, with my legs acrofs like a lai
rs on I'riJiiy them on Siiiioilay the ii)th, alter which the lor, fuficr'd much in that coach without
ivciiiciicy for Riibh took his leave ol me to go to the feats, and fo contriv'd that any Euro
I', but could fynagogue or Ichool i defiring me to pean would have found it very unealie.
Viut, tliatufcs excuie him, he did not bear me
that At we lay as before, for nothing,
night
licr company company, and to give hii rcliK-ds to in a Xan, or Caravan/era with our horfes,
rce from the the embartu'or, believing I war a great Monday the 2 ill, we let out an hour
wlio return friend of his. In tlic mean while, the before day, travelling over a plain coun-
their winter Anncman halfned mc, hccaufe tne 5ft/- try but little cultivated, and at the end
on the roati, 4 garian was ready, and might go witnouc ol twenty c.ime to the village of
miles,
jlrmanli, and going twenty miles furrher,
us, fo that I was in great trouble to
ey
«,
meet. In
or Rnhbi,
4 get my baggage carry'd, it being Satitr- ftay'd ar night in the village of Cafun-
way of Coil- das, when no Jew wr.uld carry it, t'lc chiupri; near which is a lamous bridge a long
ind he would Turks being above t lat employnunt. wirh one hundrei.1 and lixty four llone-ar- briiô.
would ren- My fervanc and tiie .inncnian fujiply'd dies two miles in length, over the river
cr -, but this this want, carrying ir to the Xan, and morafs of Coghinc. This river is as
ly refolution. where the Buliârinn was with the coac h wide as the Folturdo of Capua, in the
'd about the ready. Getting into it, we rravcll'd kingdom of Naples, and its channel be-
ufe I had fig- thro* a plain and well cultivated coun- ing too fmall, it olten over-flows.
fcnt by the try, with now and then a pleafant fmah Tuefday the 2 2d, I walk'd over the
th letters of riling ground. Hill keeping the fbeight bridge, and thought its ftrudlurc as re-
lafllidor. It
on our right hand. We left Buloyr, a markable as its length. Then we advan-
nge 1 (hould great town behind us, having rode tour- ced four mjles along a deep chalky way,
ige of a lye teen miles, and lay that night at Crt«^, the where the horfes hail much difficulty to
;
barbarian--, Cime number of miles lurthcr. The draw. It being night, and ftcing the Bul-
lity, ami in
JCtiHs, or Caravitnjiras in Turky, are no- garian, who would go no further, talk in
thing but long iVables, in the midll private with a Janizary, made me fuf|)e(fk
y to coun-
.lilown my whereof the horfes Hand, and on the fome treachery ; but the Janizary lee-
bufinefs to fides lomewhat higher, their mailers, ing me with my gun in my hand went
anil liberty. who are to provide rhemlclves with hisway, and we at break of day conti-
and ealiiy meat, ami drels it. There is this con- nu'd our journey with a Caravan of ca-
too open, venicnry in it, that a man is not im- mels. We met companies of
leveral
the danger pos'd upon by his hoft, as is done in we had to tra-

Janizaries, in thirty miles
Chriftendom ; for the lodging is given vel, the way all along good, and tiie
or iny jour- Gratis, being It-gacics left by 'Turks, country little cultivated for want of
ii.it a coach
for the good of their fouls. "Jani- A people, and at lall came towards even-
zary that came afoot alTifted me in all ing to yidrianople.
empty to
ig for the
I wanted, miking my bed with mats, Orejlefit, or fî/iiidama in for- ^.-rij/it.
Orejle,
that was and keeping a lire all night to warm mer times, nowour language /Idri-fu cUy.
in
the cold room. True it is, I could not anople, from the emperor Jdrian, and
cod to give
fleep for his pratin^ and linoaking with in the Turkijh Adrine, is feated in 43.
and Pit-a
three Spabies his friends. deg. of latitude. It Hands in lb plea-
:n carrying
Sunday the 2oth, we took coach before fant a country, that Amurat the Turh
•k his opi-
day, and travell'd a plain road thro* ijh emperor, leaving Bur[a, remov'd
y, he fa id
I might, his
A
5« A Voyage round tie World. Book U Eh
W
Book U ©hap. II. 0/ TURK Y. 57
ir's fcraglio, principal nich, which we fliould call the ing to this exchange, are the fliops of the Gemei i i
•aft. He re- high enclos'd with lettices, and

altar, is filverfmiths and goldfmiths in along co- ''"5V
and offerVl eight fpans above the groi'nd. On the ver'd ftreet. ^^'"1^
'''.'''''''
had need ot left was a handfome itone pulpit, and After dinner I went with the J,-ii to ^
''""'"^'
A lie country. oppofite to it feveral little chairs for the Mofque of Ucccrfali, without being
a wonderful tlie MuUtibs. The cupola's we have hindered by ionx Mullahs that were pray-
L-ngtii, call'd fpokcn of are cover'd with lead, and ing in it. This has only one court or
of the foiin- look glorious when the fun fhines on cloilter about it, out of which three gates
:I\ fix gates, them. The apartments of thofe that lead into the Mofque, where is a gallery
h Ikles, t'ur- ferve are anfvverahle to the grandeur of fuftain'd by twelve good of green pillars
1 goods, in- this Mofqtif ; as are four ftately towers marble j white ones bigger
befidcs fix
the arcli of at the angles, of ditferent workman- than the others, which are before the
spt by Turks, ihip and of ifone, very high, which af- aforefaid gates. The roof is cover'd with
b, who pay ford a noble profpeft at a diftance. I fifteen handfome cupoKi's leaded over.
'.ich Ihop CO went up one of them, which is on the At the four outward angles of the Mofque,
as have pur- fide ot the great gate, to behold how are four high towers of free-ftone, and
liallre to the artificially it is built, having never feen in the midll of the cloilter a curious foun
by the grand the like in my days for going in at one

-, tain for the Turks to wafli in. On tlie
•d. only gate it has, I found three ftaircafes, inll !e it has five four at the
cupola's,
e ilrect call'il one of which leads to the firll, the other angles, and a great one in the middle
t all forrs ot to the lecond, anti the other to the third held up by two great columns, all p.i.'.n-
a dilightful ftory of the tower ; in fuch manner that ed with /f^î'.-i/- characlcrs. In the niiJ-
Itcover'J
is three feveral perfons round- may go up dle many lamps hang, according to their
mother, with ing the tower at once, without ever meet- cullom, and on the left of the nich is a
let in the ing one another ; and if they will pals marble pulpit and on the right a high
-,
thorough other iloors to the other ftiir- tribune enclos'd with lettices for the grand
me on Thtirf- Si-li":'i calcs, they may. I'he furveyor that con- feignior, and another on the left dole to
iultan 6V/,w's'"°"l"^' triv'd it was one of the beft in Europe, and the pillar, but without lettices. The floor
the contrivance is woith feeing. was cover'd with good carpets.
juilt by him,
ot a hill that I went thence to fee the Mofque E,':bi- Thence I went to view the grand vi- Vificr's
Sfchi-
'"'"^'•''
giatni îami, that is, the old Mofque. It has fier's palace ; where I found nothing fuic-
', cxpoics its
mofque. two high towers of free (lone, and about able to b^s great poll, but only a con-
1 admir'd on
it eightcupola's cover'd with lead, be- venient dwelling after the Turkijh lafhion.
gates to the
the Mofque^
fides the great one in the middle. It has We went firlt into a great court, in
no court, or fountain like the reft ; brt which were the llabies and officers be-
ner, cover'd
fix large pillars before the great garr o longing to them. We pafs'd out of that
s, and llip-
fupport the roof, and five arches. With- into another, in the midll: whereof was a
larbie pillars
in tliere are three wings fupported by four fountain, and feveral perfons on horle-
:h there are
gate of the
fquare columns, and about it galleries of back, who attended tliat great miniller.
wood above, and marble below. The At the front of the court w as a long Soffa,
lis cloilter is
pavement is like the other, cover'd with or place a rais'd, where many per-
little
thofe that
carpets, and the pulpit and tribune for fons flood expeding audience. We could
m, after the
the grand feignior is after the lame man- not go into the lodgings, and therefore
five gates to
ner ; for all Mofqucs are alike within, ha- turn'd back.
re fhuc, be-
ving a nich made in the wall, and many By the way we met a bride conducing
ic.1 feignior's
lamps hanging. to her bridegroom. Fifty Turks rode on
all iH'ople.
The Ei (ioing thence, I went into the Biftflen, horfeback two and two, and after them
the cupohi
fijicu. which dole by, a place cover'd, and
is came the bridegroom on the left, which
arches, on
fulhiin'd by large pillars, forming two is the upper hand among the Jurb
; then
rcll, all full
rows in the midtile, where there are about foUow'd the britic in a dole coach, with
lit it arc gal-
20() rid; 'hops of doth ot gold, and fil- two others following for Itatc. A little
pillars, and
ver, f iniiters, piflols, tadtiles, bridles, further I met the Irencb ambafiador go-
below. All
ftirrups, and other furniture of gold and ing home upon a dun horle, follow'd by
h good car-
filvcr let with jewels, tor a compleat eight footmen, clad in red, two gentle-
hang five
horfeman. Thefefliops alio pay two pi- men in blew, and four Janiznries all on
hes with ;i
ailres a month to the owners, and half foot.
r their fa-
a one to the aloreftid Mofque Eihigiami. At la(t the Jew led me to one of their
lofque was a
by grant from the grand feignior. It was Ichools, before which there were many
ight (JMns alinoft noc'P, and I heard a dilagreeablc women holding their children by the
los'd with
fort of mull i^ founding in this rich pl.ice, hand. Going in I law abundance of gar-
ipjiofc, for and a multitude of Turks anlwcr it in a ments hanging about it, and fix jxnfons
)riell, near barbarous manner, and asking the Je-jJ playing upon inflriiments. They told me
other en- what it meant, he told me they vi-re they gave every year about that time fôo
belongs to praying for the grand feignior. Adio n- luits of cloaths to poor Icholars ot their
ight of the VOL. IV.
Q, rdiv
prin-
58 A Voyage round the World. Book I J,
• Ch
Gemei.i.i relifîon, wliidi colh the piiblick 2000 wide as at the head : and it is to be ob-
'''''3'
crowns; anti I at'hi.illy liiw Icvcr.il Idio- ferv'd, thell- attendants are only di-
that
'"'"'"^''^ I.us MOW clad troin head to foot in my flinguilli'd by what they wear on iheir
prc'll'iicf. heads, for every one wears hii, cloaths of
/•/;'i/,;v the 2-;th, being Chiijh/ifs-iiay, what colour he pleafcs. There were be-
* and receive the fides tweK'e ObaJfiii Handing about ri'.c
I went to hear niafs, blel-
feil lacranient in t\v church of the Ra- coach, (thtfe belong to the gr.Mul li ig-
gii/litii>, in the whither a Cit-
olil city, nior's bedchamber, and wore little wliitc
f'Hi/.i.'H, chtiplain to the Fremb amballa- caps on '''cir heads, like the ducal cap
dor came to lay the mafs, there being of Fi'iiicc, cilg'd about with gold, but
Thcgnjid no mo;-? catliolick priells. Friday be- the point turn'd back, and o[ên'd.') On
Im*;,'.''!"? ir"!^ tlie 'T'lirkip fellival, on which the one fide of this cap was a great wliitj
grar.ti lei^nior ôes to tlie Mojque, as has plume like a fan, and below it another
been obferv'd ^.y.:^K, after performin;; of black featliers to pleafe the eye with
my devotions 1 went to fee liim ; but the variety. The /Iga of tlie J.iuiz.irii's
found he was already got into the Atofque wore the lame fort of cap, edg'd about
of llilran Si'iim^ and tlierefore waited two with cloth of filver, but without feathers.
hours to fee him come out. In the mean There were fourteen other attendants
while I obferv'd his coach and retinue. clad after the Roman manner in filk
It was all of wood gilt on all lides, with wrought with gokl, with another veil
wooden lettices open every way but bt- under that fringed with gold, and brec. lies
iiiuLl. Inttead of leather it was cover'd of crimlbn fittin. Thefe went a-foot,
with hne red cloth, antl lin'd with yel- and had on caps of filver gilt exaftly like
low lilk, with Iprigs of gold, turn'd up, a pifs-pot, with a black plume Handing
to that all the wood appear'd, and on upright before. The Turks call tb.em
each lidc was fixteen filver nobs gilt for Ifcioghaii^ that is, the grand kignior's
ornament. It being high from the ground, pages.
there was a little lilvcr Lukler of three Prayers being ended, I fiw t.he grand The cr«!
rteps to go up to it. Six white horfes feignior Hamct ll. come out, and get in- icign'iur.
drew it, on the and the

firlt whereof, to his coach, from tlie ifeps of" flic
third on the left fat the coachman and Mofquc. He was of a low fiature, fiili-
})o(tillion. In a word, it was a coach fit body'd, brown of complexion, round
tor any private gentleman -n Italy, even fac'd, antl wore a black beard that be-
the horfes being but very indifferent ; but gan to grow grey, and by his counte-
within there were (cjme quilrs or cover- nance feem'd to be about fifty years of
lets two to fit on crol's-k-ggM,
folded for age. He wore herons feathers in his
and more would not hold. As for
it turbant, embellifii'd with diamonds, and
the attendance, there were 200 'Janiza- was clad in white. The Sdaltar, who
ries with their high caps worn upon lo- carries his and drives away the
Iword,
lemn occafions, made of white felt, three Hies in fummer, went into the lame coacli,
Ipans long, and one and a half broad, and fat next the horfes. The peojilo la-
which falling tlown upon the back, end luted him with had alio been
fiiouts, as
in two points but before, to keep them
; done in the Mofquc, with a dilagreea- an
upright on the forehead, there is a filver ble concert of mufick whilH he ]'lay'tl. tlv.
plate handlbmely wrought and gilt, fan- When he was to depart, the Janizaries hri
ned on a piece of board, as I obferv'd made a lane an humble poHure, with
in M
'
.iff 'f-
':.
i'peaking of Grand Caire ; but fome offi- their hands on their Homath along the m it
cers do not wear it, and others cover it court ; and the Chiaus, and other c;lHcers ffiOflU .-.
be,
with green cloth. There we:e alio about follow'd him in fuch oriler as h.is been t!K
eighteen Chiaus on horfe-back, with eve- laid. Hamet II, lov'd 10 pl.iy on a iKr- pc,
ry one a little black feather in his turkijh inltrument, like a little guittarr, and tlu
bant •, and fifty other courtiers well clad, to fing to it, to divert his mel.mciioly, w
befides thirty BMtagis mounteil, who had proceeding from forty years inpriloii- fte
fharp caps of a cinnamon colour. There mcnt. All that has been liiid of his pcr- m,
were feveral Boftan^ts a-foot, who wore Ibn and garment, will appear better liy fix
long red caps round at the end, and as the following cut, gii
if';
clo
die
tov
ot!
tha
grt
S.iturJaj
la's
Book IJ,
.(CnAP.IL Of TURK Y. ^9
to he ob-
irc only tii-
\r on ihi'ii"
;, clo.uhs of
ri" were bc-
;
iibout tliC
gr.'.iul tt!;.';-
little wjitc
: lUicil c.r,)
j;o!d, but
['cii'd.) On
gRMt wluto
it anoihcr
he eye with
c Janizaries
lh1i»V1 about
out feathers,
r attenchints
ncr in Hlk
mother veil
ami bree'.hes
ivent a-foot,
ex.iAly like
ime Handing
: call tlienj
ul kignioi's
,w t!icgrand The era!

, and get in- IIJIUUI.
iteps of r!ie
ilature, full-
:xion, round
Mrd that be-
f
his counte-
fty years of
"lers in his
iinonds, and
'attar, wiia I
away the
lame coach,
people ia-
allb been S.nitrdav the iOth, crofTing over both vail revenues for pious ufes, whi^ h arc
cHfigreea- arms of the river Tuii^m, which waters beftow'd accordingly, as in intlruttingof
]-lay'd. the north lide of the city, on twoilonc- children, maintaining the poor, and mad
iie
bridges, I law on the right a great people, (dc. Befides, they every week di-
'Janizarici
with Mojquf Grcgin-'Jcmmarct.
call'd Before ftribute to other poor, a tlioufand okcs
)liure, f»>»fll.-
along tiie it is court cncompafs'd with

X I'paeious of boii'd rice (which makes iSooponncis
)thtr oliicers oofiuc. beautilul ilructures cover'd with lead, for of our weight) and a fufficient quantity
as has been tliole that ferve the MofqiiL-, and poor of flelli. Leaving the 7«t' to keep my
on a T«r- people niaintain'd there. Three gates on ihooes, I went into the AIo/ijuc; where I
,iiittarr, and the front and fides lead into this court, found the p;'vement cover'd with good
iiielanciioly* and there are as many more to the cloi- carpets, and above looo lamps hanging
i njjriron- fter within,coniposM of twelve white in the middle on the right of the nich
•,
of his per* marble columns on the three fides, and of was a large fcaffold, a little one on the
fix green ones on that fide where the left, and a very higii pulpit to preach.
1-
better by
guc of the Mrhtjut' is all of them lli- -,
That fame morning, being the feaft
il lining twenty little cupola's about the of St. Stephen, I heard mafs at the I'rer.Jj
cloiiter, cover'u with lead. In the mid- ambaflador's, and din'd with him, as
dle is a lin;-. fountain, and two high did a French gentleman, call'd the count
towers on the fides, near which there arc of Friol, and marquels of Oradc ; who
otiier llrudures with leadt \ cuix>la*s -, lb every camp;ignc follows the grand vifier,
that there are in this building, befides the to dircdl warlike affairs, and improve mi-
great one, about one hundred little cupo- litary difcipline.
iaturJ,iJ la's. This, like all other Mofques, has
60 A Voyage round the World. Book IJ. ^
Cu p. ll
Gemelli SiinJty the 27tli, after mafs, I went to Thence went to fee the dwellings of
I
•693- fee tiie of Caia Muftapha, once
p.ilac: thefe religiousmen, which are about b^.'.
^^''"^'''^
grand vifier, and ftrangled after the the Mofque ; and then into other apart- ftan
ficge of Fidnna, and inhabited by the ments, where I found abundance of poor, After
grand feignior's lifter, who was his wife : who receiv'd as alms, plates of boil'd off til
there is nothing in it to compare to the rice, with a little meat and bread, which with
ftnidlurcs of Italy, but only a great is diftributed every Monday and Tburfday,
like a
meadow, thefe being call'd days of turning round.
m
I
fqii.ire
VL-rfion.
wall'd in for their di-
After dinner, I went to fee a
giT.it vaulted place, a quarter of a mile
m length, and cover'd with lead ; from
After the mid-day prayers, the fiiperior, Thedcf.
with the derviccs, or religious men, went ^'"'
from the Mofque, to a room near by,
ver
after
makin
to tun
it.
one fide whereof, there is a paflage into in the midft whereof was a fquare fcaf- and th
another, fifty paces long, where all the fold, three fpans abov; the ground, and other
fhooemaker's fliops, who pay the hire to enclos'd with bannifters, four fpans iii- fall,
the Mofqtie' of ll iltan Selim, near which ftant from the wall,
in which fpace fe- accordil
they ftand. The day being fair, and the veral Turks fate about. Ten fteps leil or flov
firfl time the fun had appear'd fince my up to another fcaffold along the wall, an hou|
arrival, f went again into this Mejque, with a clofet boarded up, in which, fix given,
to fee whether the tower on the left had of eight dervices that went in, play'd on a bow
...
alfo the tliree wonderful ftair-cafes, as I pipes, and beat drums ; one fung, and fwer'd
I faid, 1 fxw in that of the right, and another, when the mulick ceas'd, preach'd. after w
the better to fee the bignefs of the city At the upper end of the room, there which I
from its high top. The keeper of the were two chairs bare, fix fpans above bow
gate, for a few Paras's, carry'd me up the floor ; the fuperior late down in
to the third ftory, where all three ftair- one of them, and in the other, an old
cafes end, which are winding, and have man clad in red,
at wliofe feet fete
252 fteps each. But there is this diffe- another old man, clad in green, like
rence, that the firft and fecond, which the fuperior, and the other dervices a-
lead to the firft and fecond ftories, run bout the aforefaid fcaffold on the in-
up quite to the third but the ; ftair-cafe fide.
on the right, leads only to the third fto- Their habit is not fix'd, for every one
ry, or wonderful ftrufture, and anfwer- of them wears what cloth, and colour
able to the grandeur of the founder : the he plcafes ; but their caps muft be of
other two towers have but one ftair- white wool, fliap'd like a fugar-loaf;
cafe each. but the fuperior, and two old men wore
Going on Monday the 28 th to fee the a border, like .the lower part of a tur-
dervice dance at the Muradie, I found a bant about it, and a towel about their
dead horfe by the way, and abundance necks.
of Turks ftriving who ftiould cut the One of thofe that were upon the up- A MJjo-
The Mu- beft bit out of him. The Muradie is a per fcafibld, began the ceremony of ""'''"' f«-
monallery of Turkijh monks, feated on turning round, to a doleful tune, like "''"""'J''
a hill within the city. Comnig up to it, that we ufe to fing, the Lamentations
I found a fmall Mofque, before the gate of the prophet Jeremy, in the holy-
whereof, there were five leaded cupola's, week i after which, the fuperior made
fupported by five pillars. Taking off a fliort fpeech, or lermon, expound-
my fliooes, as I had done at the other ing a book, out of which, a dervice that
Mofques ; and going in without any hin- lîte by his fide, read two and two ver-
derance from the Turks, as they do in fes with much gravity ; the religious
Egypt, I found two places rail'd in on men in the mean while hearkening with
the fides, for Perfons of note. On the great fubmiffion, their heails hanging
right of the nich was a clofet, enclos'd down. This expountling Lifted half an
with Itttices, eight fpans above the ground, hour ; after which, the liiperior came
which they told me was for the grand down from his chair, and iiue down on
feignior. On the left, was the pulpit to a carpet crofs-leg'il, after the Turkijh
preach in, and two others on the fides fafhion. The dervices begwn again to
of it, four fpans higli, and made like a fing from the fcallbid, anti to reati in
fquare bier, widiout any covering, where a little book in the lame doleful tone ;
the Muliah ufes to read, fetting crofs- when he had done, the pipes were play'd
leg'd. Ki^ht fpans above the ground, the on, and drums beaten to which tiie ;
wall was all crufted over with fine tile, fuperior, antI his companion clad in
the pavement cover'd with carpets, and green, danced after a ridiculous man-
abundance of lamps hanging in the ner. Then the eiglit dervices ftood up,
middle. and palfing by the place, whec the fu-
lupc-
)0K If. P. II. 0/ TURK Y. 6i
s of \. Yi had fate down again, made a low infolcnce, and thereloic lie might pro-(WMi iLr
)OUC bu A tc him, which tl\e fuperior return'd, vitle ellcwherebut the Turk |)crflfting "'^3-
;
i;;rt- llan'n. ip, and then late down again. in his impertinence, left his baj.^gage at'-'^-'^'.
:)or, After ^.!is, the ci'>,ht religious men took the door, and was gone in a rage to
>\\'d ort" their upper garment, and remain'd tiie Cadi, to make good what he hatl
liicii with the under one, which was clofc, fiid. Hearing this, I door, and flint the
Hay, like a petty-coat, and a fliort jacket o- expefteil his coming
and accon.iingly-,
iind. ver it. In tiiis habit, they pafs'd one he return'd within an hour, and knock'd
•ior, The dcr. after another before the luperior, and at the door three times, but I would
making him,
their obeilance to began not open it, and fent him away with a
by, to turn round, with their arm? fpread, flea in his car. He feeing I was no
"caf- antl their bare feet, one fix'd upon the mc'"'' complying than tlie dia'i, wlio
and other i fo that I wonder they did not wouf not concern himfelf witii the Frank;,
iii- fall. This painful dance was regulated, took up that night under a pent-houfe,
fe- according as the mufick play'd quick, open on all fides, and violently cold, the
led or flow, and lafted half a quarter of weather being frofty, and the Ihow ly-
I'all, an hour. This ending at a certain lign ing three Ipans deep ; where his compa-
fix given, the fuperior flood up, and made nion, and he beirii-, pierc'd with cold,
I on a bow to the mad dervices, who an- fpent the night, burning lire to warm
and fwer'd the fime in humble manner •,
one fide, whillt the other fro/.e to the
h'd. after which, they began the fecond turn, boards. I hearing them often blow the
Iiere which lafted the lame time, ..ith like fire,could not forbear laughing, to think
)ove bowing at the end. Then the third be- that the man of the go'.d religion had
1 iti gan, and ended in the fame manner. fo wretched a night of it, and lie of the
old After wiiich, the fuperior walk'd for- bad, lay in a good room and bed. At
flitc ward gendy with his old companion, break of day the Turk went away half
like into the middle, and turn'd cleverly ftarv'd.
s a- round upon one foot, as his dervices had Tuefday the 29th, I went a lliooting to ': -.M
in- done the fringe that hung down from
-,
the village of Carngafcbi, inhabited by
his halt turbant, giving him the .more Greeks : palling over tiie rwer Tiiugia,
one grace. Among them was an old man that runs clofe to the caft fide of "the
lour above of age, who I admire,
fixty years city, on a bridge of arches, by the
: of did not drop down with giddincis. Du- Turks call'd Jcuichiupri, that is, the r.e<
>af ring this fourth turning, the inftruments bridge; and 100 paces beyomi it, th'
ôre play'd, and one of the eight that were river Mcrici, on a wootlen bridge, am^
tur- above, fung ; and it ended with the ufual the marfh on anotlier. Thefe two ri-
heir bowing. Then an old man read, I know vers meet half a league from the city. i'i!Sffl
not what, in a book, and the fuperior 1 had little fport ; 'he Jew that went
up- A Maê- repeated it, all the company anfwering with me being better at his tongue than
Qfmetiin cc- with a frightful acclamation, and tiie at fporting.
|._ rcmoiiy.
dervices witlidrew after killing the fupe- I was kept in by TlicC/um
IVedneJddy the 30th,
rior's hand. the fiiow and cold, but on Tburfday the "' '/^^"''V
ly- I return'd home in the evening, ha- 3 ill went out, and hati the good luck to
idc ving itay'd fo long to fee this TurkiJI) meet the Cham of Tariary, riding on a
id- fully, like the turning of flags in rut- dun horle from the li'raglio, to his pa-
lat ting time and the boards with the con-
i lace, in a village fix miles from Adria-
tinual uie of it, (hine like marble. I nople. He was of a proportionable lla-
I us found Ibme bundles of cloaths before ture, brown
of complexion, and of a
til my chamber-door and enquiring of •, fierce countenance ; but about 80 years
my landlady what they were, flic told of age. I le was dad in green, and h.id
an me, they beloii^'d to a Turk^ juil come on his head a Carpas, or cap of tiie
nc from Conjhiiitiiwpli: In the mean while fame colour, after the Tartar fafliion ;
m came monfieur I'.mdcvt; who had pro- on which two upright feathers were fix'd,
vided that lodging for me, and told which crofs'd one another at the top.
o me he had wonls with that Turk, who Twenty fervants on horfe-back follow'd
in came very faucily to put me out of my him, well clad after their manner ; be-
chamber, to take it for himlelfv faying, fides as many more fent by tlie grand vi-
he was a jull man, and of a good reli- zier to do him honour.

gion, ami I of a b.id one, and an infi- Friday the ill o\: January 1694, be- The \\-i%\
del, and therefore he ought to be pre- ing a fellival day among the T'iirk<, I ';'':'»\'
ter'd ; and the more, becaufe he had went before the fer.iglio, to fee thegraiul ^'^'S"'"''-
lain there other times. Vandcvc anfwer'd. feignior go abroad. I'our Bujlangts a
That the room had been taken for a horfe-back went before, carrying red
Ir.iiik, who would never bear with his cloth to cover the clolef, or tribune.
Vol. IV. R Some
62 A Voyage round the World. Booiv II.
H Chap. I]
v^
'
'.'
OK. II. CriAP. III. Of TURK Y. 6'^
re /lu'l'a (tandard, when there is any mutiny, thing remarkable to compare with our^Jiitr.r.i
lie that the loyal party may take up arms to palates of Iialy, but tiiey arc like long •'"'+•
punifh the offenders. halls,where they perform all their cx-'-'^^''^
idi The or Serray, which in the
feraglio crcifes.Over tiiis is a balcony for the
I Per/tan tongue lignifies a royal houfe, women, who lodge near it. The third
le, is a regular Itrufture on a plane near gate leads into the emperor's apart-
an the river Tungia. It is two miles in comments, which are not allow'd to be
:he I lew the pafs, and has feven gates for the conve- feen.
es, ^ i/ii-r is niency of comers and goers i befides I can give no account of Ihunct the
thole of the gardens, which take up fe- fecond, then reigning, becaulc, tho' I
ior veral miles about. We went with the took much pains to get fome informa-
ler Bujlangi in at the biggell gate, which is tion, no man could tell me how he was
am moll trequcnted, to a large place lOO inclin'd, having been many years a prifo-
on paces fquare, cover'd round for the con- ner, and therefore unacquainted with all
ent veniency of palTing from one gate to things. He was little adtiicled to hunt-
the the otiier, there being three. Entring ing, and to women as much as human
to on the right, into the firll and fecond frailty drew him. But he delighted in
kitchens, I faw fevcral Halvaggi's, or doing julUce throughout his dominions,
yM Ciriml vi- Iliucis, that is cooks, witii their fharp in rcw.arding good, and punifliing evil.
white caps, who drefs'd meat for the By his fultana, he had two Ions at a
Iiini grand feignior and his court but in -, birth, of which only one was living, cal-
urks a dilVmcl place from that where hens, ledIbrahim. But tiicre are Hill alive
go- and gelt goats arc drelVd. In the third, two nephews of his, the Ions of ALiho-
prc- I found the confedioners, who make met the IV^th, his brother ; one of them
iw'il flierbet, and fwfctmeats thefe clad like•, call'd Mujlapba, 13 years of age, and
that the otiiers. Oppofite to the great gate, the other Humet of 18, but kept prifo-
tine are the apartments of the Ifiioglans, ners according to the antient policy of
:ure, or grand feignior's pages. There is no- that family.
JOUt
:.
lunt-
I
CHAP. III.
fs, I Mujihti.
A particular Account of all the fever al Officers belonging to the Ottoman Court.
uph-
long 'HIS emperor's court being with The white eunuchs are cut after the
elim,
himAdrianopU; and I having
at common manner, and have the kcepin"-
lie re
had occafion to uli; fome Turki/h terms of the grand feignior's lodgings. Be-
but it will be convenient to explain them fore we proceed further, it is proper
in a feparate chapter, being fully infor- to obferve, that there are many thou-
ih
Me med concerning them, by particular en- liinds of both kinds in the call ; every
quiry, made among the Turks themfelvcs, Mahotnctan that is any thing well to
tur-
lemn and Europeans, who have refided there pafs, having fevcral of them to keep
to
many years. his women. This is a rcafon, they make
rears Kumichs. To begin with the Eunuchs, who arc a great trade of them for poor parents
-,
the mod in efteein at court, they are of fell their young fons to merchants, who
lain- The fc
two black and white. The blacks
forts, caufe them to Ik- cut, and fell them at
ns r"li''°- h.ave thekeeping of the Ottoman delight, dear rates ; eljiccially thofe that have
of that the
is, women's apartments i and all cut off, it being a difficult matter
with to this purpofe they pick out the moft for them to furvive it, are fometimcs
tiie
deform'd. whofe very fighi is frightful. fold for 600 crowns, whereas the others
In
They are cut dole by the belly, be- may be had for little above 100. Thus,
rles
cai.fc of the great jealoufy of the ea- that which makes them moll valua-
lany ftern people, and live apart in good ble to the buyer, is their grcatell mile-
the
rooms, with excellent order and difci- ry, for they cannot pifs hut thorough
plinc, tho' they are a prodigious number. a pipe of filver, or fome other metal.
Bu-
The chief of them in the Turkijh lan- Moft of the white ones come from the
iths, 'VhcA'///,;-Ruage, is or Ktuzlira-
call'd Kijlaraâfi, kingdoms of AJJan, Butan, Pegu, Ara-
fil-
rj^djh gnfi ; keeper of tiie virgins, or
that is, can, and Golcnmia, and the blacks from
urky
fuperintendent of the women's rooms ; Afrkk, among whom the moft defor-
Icit!,
the keys whereof he keeps. His autho- med are deareft and moll \alued and ;
rity is lb great, that he fpeaks to the in th:m they look upon it as a great
tin-
the fultan when he plcafes and by this -,

beauty to have a flat, or wry nolc, a
co-
means, and fliaring in the prcfents the frightful afpec^, a great mouth, tiiick
,ibo- BaffiCi give the fultana's for their prote- lips, and teeth out of their natural or-
nct's
dion, he gathers vail ticafurcs. der
;;
H A Voyage round the fPôrld. Book II. Chap.

Gemem.i iliT. Botli forts of tlicm are proiiil anil that wafh the linnen ; tiie Gcriihrg, chief of ai
'^9+ llcrn, but the white ones kls than the of all thole that prattife fliooring with ,i
he n
'-''^^'^^ bow every i'rtday,
otiicrs, treating thole iiniier them with in the plate before ililJir- 1
more humanity i nor are tliey To jealous the palace. 'I'hele principal polls, an; ,i^,,j,. inlin
am! niillrullful as the blacks. polVelled by thofc who have gone through goes
The Cipi- of thefe whites, is call'il Capi-
*riie cliief the employment of the fj'ciogliins, 'I'hev abovi
•h'>- yli,!!,or Capu-.tgiifi. He, befules being wear what colour tloaths they pleale, anil
the firll in authority among all tlie white lurb.mts out of the ler.iglio.
lunuchs, is always near the grariil fcig- Others, who are in meaner employ '
nior he introtluces embalVailors, anJ all

i
mcnts, are dilUnguilli'd by what thev
perfons of note ; nor can any go into, wtar on their heads, being of three
or out of the graml feignior's lodgings forts ; for every one, as has been faid,
without his leave fo that being ulilul

•, wears what doaths he will. Thole are
to all men, he mull of necelTity grow cdi'd Buiiangis, who wear a long m\ P'/I'"i.e:'
vaftly rich. Tiie grand vizier himfelf tap, fdling back, round at the end, antP'"* '*""
"^"'
ca. lot t-O into the emperor, without be- as bro.id as at the head. Many hun
conduded by him ; anil if any bu- dreds of thefe look to the gardens of
' »
,. CIS would admit of no delay, anil the feragiio ; laddie and leail out the
brought in writing, tiie aniwer mull horfes, and go a-foot with perfons of
»
irough his iiands. lie by a peculiar note, who attend the granil fcignior
j,i-:vif'''.' gr.mtcd to no other, wears a upon publick occafions: others row in
turban: rides on horfe-back within
1 the barges, when the emperor goes to
the fcraglio. He waits on the emperor divert himfelf upon the water. The
to the door of the fultana's apartment, Bojhwgi-Bafci is chief ofthele, and has
where he ftops, his authority reaching no the char{;e, not only of the gardens
further. He is allow'd ten zccchines a in ConftantinopU, but of others in the
day for his table. country about. And tho' he be taken
Foiirgrcjt Next to him there are four others, from fo mc.i' a ilegree as the Aza-
lumuchs. which are the Nozadabafihi, wlio lias the MogliDis, which are cliriflian flaves ta-
government of forty p.xges of the bed- ken young in war, or paid by way of
chamber i the Scra-Agajl who has the tribute, yet his employment makes him
ciiarge of feeing all the grand feignior's confidcrable, and refpcded by all the
apartments kept clean, and in repair Biijfj's ; who endeavour with prefents
he luis I'fo particular charge of the pages to good will, whom they
gain his
that k cp die linncn, and attend the em- know be in their fultan's fivour ;
to
peror wiien lie travels. He lias under as being always about him, and fitting chamber
him a deputy, cali'd Siriiikiybiliiji, to near him to lleer the barge, when he with ceri
whom it belongs every half year, to goes by w.iter. employn
change the carpets of the rooms in the The Biilitigis wear a long cap of a Ba/t.,gh. aro to h
feragiio. The third is the Ilaziiailar, or cinnamon colour, ending in a conical Cnpi-y^gi
C/MiziniJitr-Bajci, who is cntrufled with point, or like a fugar-loaf;
and ferve does noi
the emperor's private treafure, or privy- partly wood, partly to ride out
to cut Turks th
purfe, and the pages of his bed-cham- when grand feignior goes out of the
the There
ber tiie publick treafure for paying of
i pal.icc and part of them, which I fup-
; or fix 111
tiie army, being manag'd by the prime pole to be eunuchs, fland at the gates of war, or
vi/ier, and three TijU'rclars, or treafu- the firll and fecond courts of tnc feragiio. or f.;,it a
rers general. Ot late, it is true, the Haz- Thele are diftinguifh'd by the name of Stilian's
iitidiir but the bare title,
has nothing left Ciifigis, and their chief is cali'd Cufigi-C.ii'îg.:. \
withdraw
the Cbnziiaket-aJafi having ingrofs'd all Bajd ; whom the emperor makes ufe of ',
to divert
the management. The fourth eunuch is to execute his commands. Before
¥ the KHiirgi-Bdfd, or chief of the pages Thofc wear the white cap nox. lUtagii.
that
i
not be ;
of the Kilar, wiio keeps the drink for the very long, nor ending fliarp, but refem- Baff.i\ ;
emperor himfelf. He has alio all the bling the ducal Venetian cap of main- fen from
keys ot the Akagh, that is, tiic kitchins tenance, are cali'd Ilalvugi ; and among up the bi
and confedionaries his •, afTillant is the them thofe that are particularly em-
Kilaf-Kt'iodofi. ploy'd in the kitchin, have the pcculi.ir to all gr
Jhg^vigi- 1 he other officers of the feragiio are Name of Aragii, or Xaccis, over whom, di!linguil
fl/W/, .ind the great falconer, cali'd Dogangi-Bafci as alio over all the rell of the Hd!i:i- but th'.-
others.
f|,g Kokfdtir, who puts on the cmiicror's gis, the Kifdrgi-Boiii has full authori- V'nur-.d
veil V the Kikahdar, who holds the llir- ty -, yet every kitchin has its fupenilor macan,
rup when the emperors get a horle-back ; cali'd ylr/igi-Bjjli ; belides the Miubri- the BaJ!.
the Sdettar, who carries his f.vord -, the Eniiri, who provides all things necel- the Jani
Ilammiirgi B/ifci, who has charge of the fary for the kitchin and tables, even authority
baths; the CicrnaciBajliy thief of ihofe of and rail!
Vol..
}
>f>K II. T Chap. III. Of TURK Y. î

liiff
•*
of aniKilTidors, according to the orders happened to the emperors j^//(/7 «/>-&<» and C em mi
h ii I he rtvcives from t!ie grand vizier. Ojman ; the latter of thef' being put to ""^J^.
fore I'l".' head of the
Ilajlaler-Ag.iji is death in prilbn by an executioner ; yet
^*'
•; H.il.ilti-
aii: %. -'li'iji- infirmary, ami takes notice of all that thefe fame great men, are liable to the
:,' goes into, or oi.t of the feraglio i but cnijieror's difpleafure tor fmall oliences,
licy
I above all takes care that no wine be who takes not only their heads, but
A brought in. All this great number of their goods from their children, tho*
.;. people (which loiiieiimes, according as born of their own fillers. The yizkr-H^tjc i,.,.
loy i the fiiltan is indin'd, may amount ro Bajfa's carry three llandards, with each
:lK'y loooo, but are not at prefcnt above a horfe's tail, of what colour they pleale,
lircc ,; -iooo) horn of chriitian parents,
are except green, of which colour only
[iiil,
I nd taken in war, or forcibly by the the llafF mull be. They lay the ori-
,ire Bii/fii'^ in the conqujr'd provinces to fend ginal of this culfom was, that having
ri'll P-'ll-ms-i them as prefents to the grand feignior. loll their llandard in a battle with
-land their
and the being
•'"" lie clioofes out t'<e haniilbmeft to di- the chriflians, foldiers
Bu)it.
ibibute thiMii amo.i ? the I'eraglio's, and difcourag'd at it, the TurkiJ/j general
IS ot I have them brought u,' to the Mahometan cutting otf a horfe's tail, fallned it to
tlltf ;| l.iwami exercifes, ilividing them into a pole, and lifting it up laid. Behold the
IS of 4 two ranks one ot the /Izamoglans bc-
; colours^ Ic't ihem thai love me follow me ;
;nior ; ing the ablelt for fcrvice, fuch as Balta- whereupon the Turks taking courage, fell
w ill ps, Ilalvdgis, and Bnftangis ; the other upon the chrilt^'ms, and got the day.
'*'
•s to of the better fort ilefign'd for the great Inferioi conv -Ic" may not put tiiele
The i e(l employments of the empire, call'd tails to their*, 'oui The Baffii's, who
I has Jl
Ifcioglaiis, in whom befides form, a good are not vizic's, nai it two, as a)l"o the
ciens W promifing wit is requir'd. They arc Bc^s \ but <Tov., iirs ot little [iro-
I the 1 bred very carefully and Itriclly, palTmg vinces ar** .''lt> '',1 bui one. The grand
.iken <,
through four rooms they call Oiias, feignior, . n '.e is in the field has fe-
Aza- '
where they are taught noble exerciles, ven, to uciO: lis .fominion over feven
s ta- fit for perlbns that are to ferve fo great parts of tne wc. .d ; which makes the lurks
ot a monan h, and to have the title ot his give hip -'ie title of lord of all kings.
ly
. him pages and gentlemen. The white eu- The '
'
lîzier h licutenant-gene-c. r/ziVr.
the nuchs are their millers, who treat them ral of an and armies, as
tiie empire,
fents with feverity, ami beat them cruelly for alio chief of the council ; and com-
tliey ihe leail fault fo that they mull have

, mands abfolutely under the grand feig-
our much patience to get to the fourth nior, whole feal lie keeps. In the di-
tting chamber, where the bell of them are van he has fix fitting viziers, or coun-
II hi" with certain hopes to rife to the greatefl fellors to advife with, but their voices
employments in the empire. Tho* they arc not decifive, but only confultive ;
f a Bj!t,igis.
are to be of clirilli.m i)arents, yet the nor can they meddle with llate-ali'airs
Inical
Ciipi-Agi, or great m .frer of the feraglio, without being ask'd. This miniller's
IcTve lioes not fiil to put in fome Ions of reputation is fo great, that the lliitaii
out Turks that arc promifing lads. himlelf, matter of the greatefl mo-
in
the Tliere are alfo in the feraglio about five, ment, depends on his judgment, and in
fup- or (ix hundred maidens, either taken in council whatlbcver he propofes is a de-
[s ot war, or for tribute of the provinces, cree i however, it behoves him to be
lio.
or tl.,11 as prefents by the Bajfa's for the very much upon his guard, for if he
of Siilt.iit's pleallire, who now and tiicn ventures to oiler any thing contrary to
Vt'iai-Ciipigi}. withdraws from the heavy care of empire his mafler'.s inclination, he is foon Ifrang-
Ve of to divert himlelf in their apartment. led. His court is made up of about

Before we leave the feraglio, it will 2000 domellicks. When he is vifited by
I not liilviisî<.
not be amils to fiy fomething of the any body, dio' of never fo great account,
Biiff.i\ \ becaufe they arc not only cho- he does not rife to compliment them,
tm-
fen from among the Ifdoglms , but make except to the Muphti, who has the fame
lin-
ang up the bed part of the emperor's cou. t. honour paid him by the grand feignior.
I'ln- Biiif.t is an honourable title common Tlie Caimacam, or govcrnour of Con- xuc Cui-
lliar
to all great men at the port, who are Jlantinople, is tlie vi.:icrs lieutenant, andw«f.jCT.
1)111,
dillinguidi'd by tl.eir employments •,
he alone performs the fiinclions of his
1
f i\
but the four cliiefeft of them are the office in his abfence, even to giving
|)ri-
or grand vizier ; the Cai-
Vizi,'>--Af<-m, audience to ainbafTidors ; without being
lor fnacan, govcrnour of Coiijlaiitinople v cxpos'd to the princes anger in cafe of
'.•V-
the Bajfa of the fea ; and the Aga of any failure, becaufe all faults are laid
tei-
the Janizani's. Thefe are of fuch great at the prime vizier's door.
i'en
authority, that diey fometimes depofe, The BaJTa of tlie lea is captain ge- B,7p of
of and raife fultans to the throne, as ncral, anil admiral of the fleet i and (he Sea.
\oi,. IV. S tiie
•V*..
f V
66 yl F'oyage round the fVorld. Book iL ^ Chap.
m till-
nior's
in
lifvî
provini cs, .iml

j^.illcys,
(lOviiiUHirs
a rtMiiinils to (nic to StM.

Tlu- //<(/,
r,ij>tains
whicli are to
<)r roloiul j>cnfr.il

ot till- iii.iritime
ot the gr.irnl Icig-
he always
ot tlie
to
I'his
niakc
is
ule of his private
a tax ot live ilucats a head paid
by every chrillian, exiept Jr.ii.ks, and
every 'Jfrw reliding in the I.iiuuil; but
the /Iniieniaiti pay lels than rlu- Jr^s.
irealurc.
y iiniziiries , callM by the 'lurks, riiigeri- The great Mujhli is the he.id of the .W./*/(.
ritt.
jlîtli, is in lliih reputation, that no Miibomeian religion, and interpreter of
man but Ik- can conn; near his prince the Aliorcin;but rh ••/"/<>{.( coiiloiinding
with his liantls at iiluTty, tiic {;rand civil government with religion, the
heing bound to hold thcin Alufhii and Catli Ati: iiulillerentlv look'il my
I
vizier liinildt
airols on his lloniach witli a great deal upon as men of the law, as if there out I'
ot rubmin'ion. Bi Udes, lie toniniands were no difierence lictween lawyers, and wi[h
a conluierabie army ot about kkkjoo divines, lor which realon the A!ujl.>li and I
'Jamiiirics \ not liiac there are really Co very often gives his opinion in tivij,
many, but |->ctaule levcral jx-rfons to be and criminal caulis. Heme it is ihit
tax-free, endeavour to get thcmtelves lilt- there is no cctleliaUical lii|)eriority a-
ed among them. moitg them, and that there lies no ap-
Bf^ltrbegi . The next in dignity arc the Begler- peal trom the oth(-r Mii/bli's to the great
.M' brgs, who are like Ibvereigns in their one 1 as alio that he is not fuperior of
general governments, having the Siin- the Imam, or priells ; every one own-
giac-brgs, or governours ot' Sangiacks, ing only his own fupeiior. In other
and particular provinces, uivler them, particulars the great Mii/>bti ot CohjIiiii-
which lall aie accounted tiie bravell ot I'lnoplf is rel'pecud bv all men, as fol-
the Turki/h li)Kliery. lowing the grand leignioi's court, which
The compote a confulerable
S[)ahii dillinguirtics him trom the others, ot
in\ Zil- body of horle, and live on their T/- whom there arc many throughout the
iimi.
»/(jrj, or lantls given them by the grand empire. The Ibldiers being to be try'd
fei^nior,proportionably to their lervices, by none but their own
peculiar judges,
like lb many lords, nor c^m this grant who are the CadeUfibers of Ntilolia, andTheCrf*.
be taken trom them v/ithou: dellroying Romania, render tiicle men's dignity /.yiicr.
the \x\\ Ibkliers thfy have in time ot very confulerable, and gives them a
need. The Zabims are alio horle, and teat in the ilivan near the vizier, next,
have lands like the others. to the Alupbli. In great cities there are
Cbi,iu't 'I'he Chiatii are mefTcngcrs to fulfil Judges and AlttlLibs, or Mii/u'% tubordi-M,//,,i,.
^r the emperor's commands, whc.-i he will nate to the CtMefcbcrs in civil all'airs,
have fomc BiiJ/,i's head, or iinprilbn but have no fuperior in the criminal ;
him. They attend tlie grand li-ignior the Cadii, wiio adminiller jullice \ncAilit.
a horle-back, when he goes abroail, as great towns, ami the A'.v;//; of liiiaii a«,>,,.
was obferv'd before. The Cbiaiis-BaUi ones arc fubjed to thefe.
is chief of them. The priells tiiat lerve in the Mofqties inon'ji-
Emirahur- The Emiiiihur-Bafii, tho' he lives in the nature of curates, are call'd Imans,,v---S-it
Bjj<i.
abroad, ferves as firll gentlem.in-ulher Kmoms ; the readers of the law to
or ^. ' "'"''
in the feragiio, and when the grand youth Hog t; the preachers Scbtikh ; *'
feigiiior appears in publick, he goes be- and thofe that call the jieople to prayers
fore him. trom the Iteeples Miiezins.
The Ckmeggi-Biifci, tho' he lives The Denjicei, or religious men, tho'
abroad, has tlie key of all the bread they make a very hypocritical outward
that IS fpenc in the feragiio. Ihew, do not live in commiiPitv, nor
The chief of thole that receive the in monalterics, but in ti eir owr
their
BajU.
t.ixes is call'd Carugi-Bufci, who toge- houles with their wives and children,
the cuftomer and chief of the
ther with upon an allowance the fultan gives ,hc:m
merchants, is to furnifh money for the ot thirty, forty, or titty atpcrs a ttay ;
publi'k expcnce, as occafion requires-, they are alio oblig'd to repair to the
the grand feignior being no way oblig'd monaftery at certain hours.
C H A P. IV.
I'he Authors "Jouriwy to Conftantinoplc.
BEing refolv'd to depart for Conftan- appears by iiis admiiiiftration tlieie,

tinoplc, 1 took my leave of the ba- having prcvaii'd with the fultan not to
ron de Chatcauneuf, the French ambaflli- make peace, as he was IbllicitcJ ; ob-
dor, a perfon excellently cjuaiify'd, as tain'd the rcftoration of the holy pla
ces
iooK IL a Chap. IV. 0/ TURK Y. 67
1 III re. COS in Jmifdlon to the ruholicks, after made no long flay here, lleiiig the wayfJiMiin
paki the had Liccii lony pollcfsM of
G';vi'(i dear ot fnow, ,in.l the road good, liut ''''+
^-'^"*'^**^
, anil tlitiii and broii;jiht the grand liij^Mior
. riding fix miles came
further, to the
i but 10 oblige the 1i.\lJ.i of Grand Catre to village of Rurgadus, on the bank of the
s. take Init three /iv Cent, for all ôods of fame (Ircight.
)t tlie Mfhi. the traders of M.nJl'iUcs, whereas others S,if:irday the <jth, at fifteen milei nd c
IT ot pay tsveniy, and to reltore what had we paf.'d thorough Cbeek maiigia,\i[hy\\\ I
belli reiciv'd ovci. village ftill upon the Ifrcight. Here is
n.lin^;
tlie 1 laving hir'd two horfes for me and a good lillicry, tor the Ifrcii'.ht makes
oi)kM my man, at five duiats a piece, I fet a little bay
ay eight
eigl compals, like
miles in
the re out lor Conjlaiitiiwili- on Momhiy the 4th, the little k.\
(I'a of
otand there are
Taraiito,
^, aiul with a fmall caravan of" forty [icople, four Ifone-bridges over it. 'I"hi; piople
'luyhti and having rode twenty miles tiiorough there lliut up the mouth of it, which is
civil, plains eover'd with Inow, lay at the about .1 mile over, with p.dliladoes, and
villaf;e of Hdj>fa, in a caravanfera among then go in at the gap Ittt in the middle
s
iiy
ilut
a- our healls.
Tiii-j'Jtiy tlie /^th, I fiiCierM more than I
with a wooden houle, to take the fifli,
which is tin: reafon there are three other
I
u) ap-
great had done in fix months travels before ; little villages upon the b.iy. i' ight miles
ior ot for letting out lulorc clay, we rode further wc pals'd over another bridge
<)wn- over I'now and ice, thorough a country built upon an arm of the lea, as conve-
olhcr partly hilly and partly plain, till I was nient as the other for filliing tor run- •,
vnjhm- frozen a horle-back, and had no feel- ning a great way into the land, it has
i. h)l- ing in my hands or feet. Alter twenty a gre.it cjuantity ot fifli, and is theoaufe
wliicli miles riding, we palj'd thorougli the there arc leveral villages about tiie coun-
great li/ila, and over a good
villa^;e of
rs, of
and at the end ot fitteen Sunday the loth, having travell'd ten
lit
e try'd
luilges,
the
I
lto!U-biiiige
Bernttji,
1
miles more, lit up in a great townrall'd

where there is another ftone-
miles further, part hill, part plain, I came
at lail: to the famous city of Conjlanti'
%
briJgc of many arches over the river. nofle. Thence after contenting the Ca-
a, andThfC,^.
At night tl;e Jtimzarits had a long dil- tergi, or owner of the horles, I went to
coi'rfe conrcrning the war in Hungary, Galala to leek a lodging but the inn ;
icni a
next, flying, the drmaih Ihed much blood of kept there by a hrenchman being full, I
the MfffiiliHuin, and lliat their I'oldiery was forced to make the bell fliift I could
're are
ihowW-MulUhi. was dil'io'.irag'd (eeing I'o much llaugh- that night ujion the boards in a Grrek'n
illairs,
ter. Here I olilerv'd, tiiat a-^ x.\\^: French houle. Ill this lliort journy I found not
ninal call the place where paflcngcrs lie Giffe, the civility T.rtvrwVr, Lib. I. P. i, ,-. 10.
;
fo the 'lurks give it tiie name of Cu- pag. 11 K, Ipeaks of in hisdefiri]-tioii of the
ice incW/i.
nac. c.iravanler,;s of Perjia and Turky \ where
limii âip,..
The great fiiow tliiit fell on IFednef- lie is pleas'd to v/rite, tliat from Belgrade
ilay tlie 6th, an! wliat lay on the ground to Conjlantinofle, a traveller
and his horle
fofqiies Inarr.H-
before, would not jx;rmic us to travel has his charges liorn by the ovcrlecr of
k.i jnJ above fifteen miles, ajid we lay that the caravanferas, who docs it out of ,1
aw to
Mucz night at the of Culejhon. Set-
village leg.icy left by a founder departed, and
ikis ;
ting out b'JtiniL's on Jhirfday the 7th, that in the morning there is nothing to
rayers
we could travel but twenty miles, to do but thank him and be goiu, with-
the village of Cbiorla, by reafon of the out jjucting hand to purfe lor J was fo ;
tho'
fariK' impediment of fnow, the horfes tar from finding this entertainment, that
twaril
not being able to draw their feer out of it coll me two ratlines (about a Ihilling)
r..->r
it. every night to get boards to keep 1,1V

owl'
klrtn,
Fridiis the Sth, we got into a country from the dirt on the ground ; and as for
'vin
better but the foil nothing
iah.iliited, eating, I fir'd as I pleas'd, as all the reft
i i'a
lay •.
better and having palV by fome vil-
1 1 di I money.
tor their
the laizes in ten milis riding, Wv catiie to the Monday the nth, took a room in the
I
fhore ot the Iheight, along which we Fren.bman's inn, paying half a ducat tor
continu'd our journey all the day, to the my lllf, and a c]uarter for my man. Wc
village of Sivirlii vvliere we pals'd at the eat well enough at a round t.ible and 1 •,
end of twenty miles more. This vil- being half ll.irv'd, as having found no-
lage is large, and has a little port, and thing good upon the road, nor any con-
a famous bridge of thirty two arches over veniency to drcfs it, did (at lieartily,
the river and morals. On the hill there whereat a captain of a French vclfcl adnii-
lUTC, is aiiotlier place enclos'd with a very ring, he turn'd to his companions and
Jt to aniienc v.all, which appears to have been laid. This man eats like a devil, thinking
built by the Greeks, by an old inferip- I did not underlland French. .iv-Mm,
pla- tion found there in their language. Wc
CCS CHAP.
{..
68 i4 Voyage round the IVorld. Book 11.
Chap.
CiMll.ll
100+ c n A p. V.
"The Dffcription of Condaiuinople, and its Greatntji ; as alj'o of the Grand Si-ig-
mors Seraglio.
C()n/}antinopl(', at prcfcnt the metro- and mud, and therefore very fubjed to
polis of the Oltoman monarchy, fires.
fcrib'J.
W.IS known to the antiints by the name The royal noble ftru-
Mofques are
of Byzd'Uium ; but the emperor Con- rtures, as are the other
publiik build-
JiiVitiH the fTi'at having lie.iutityM it, ings, and the palaces of great men mag-
ami repair'il the harm iloiie in it by nificent. There are riiii and graceful
Alfxanlifr Si-vrrus, torliiking Mome, maifc Bazars or markets, liiit.ible to the great-
it the of the empire anil as a jK-r-
te.-.t •, nefs of the city ; and lever.d toun'.ains
pcttial memorial would have it call'tl ot good water, brought from fir in
New Rome ; and the province of Thrace, long aqueducts, to Icrve all parts. 'I'lie
in which it is fcated, Romelia, or Romo- llreets are n.irrow and crooked, and t!io*
na. After his death, this A'eiv Rome Iiav'd, not to compare with ours in Italy.
took tiie name of Conjianlinople, and for t abounds in gojil fruit all tlie yt.ir v
brevity that of Polis, tiiat Is, city, like as alfo in fifli, tlelli, excellent l)read,
the Old Romt\ which per Excellentiam, and all an Epicure can ilcfire, at very
was called Uih^. So that the Greeks of rcafonable rates. This city w.is the thea-
Romelia, when they would cxprefs, they tre ot religious conti'overdes betwixt ca-
were going to CoMllanline's new city, us'd tholicks and hereticks, according to the
to fiy, •«« Tilr iriA'r, i.is ten Polin, that inclination ot the emperors and cmperef-
is,to the city whence, it is fup|X)s'd,
•, fes 1 and therefore four general councils
came the other corrupt name of Stam- were celebrated there j the firft under
poly or Stambol, now given it by the pope Damafiis in year <Si the -,
fecond
Turku under Figilius in 55^ ; the third under
It advantagioudy feated on the
is Agatho in 680 and tlie fourtli -,
under
(Ireight of the black fc.is once cali'd yldrian II, in 8^9.
Bofpburus Thracius, in 42 ilegrccs of la- The grand feignior has two feragliosThe fe-
titude. Ihape is triangular, anil the
Its in this metropolis j one in the midlt of raglio.
fca wiiich wafhes two fides of it, makes it cali'd the old feraglio, where Alaho-
there the fined port in Kuiope, beyond met II. liv'd, after taking the city by
all difputc. The angles of this triangle alHiult on the third day of Peiitecojl,
are cali'd Tnltaila, towers or fevcn in the year 145,^ and there every new
Serra ovaji, or li;raglio and the gate of -, grand feignior lliuts up his predecciror's
AifVitffaco-capfiy towards the point of the women. The other cali'd the great
bay, or of Chilana. 'Tis
little ftreight feraglio, is that where the fultans re-
true, the fides are not equal, that be- fide, when they are in Conjlantinople, be-
tween the fevcn towers and the leraglio, ing in the call part of t e city, water'd
being much longer than the others and -, on two fides by two llreighrs -,
that is,
that between the leraglio and the point the great fide by the great ftrciglit,
of the ftrcight of Chilana crooked op- ; running out of the white to the buck
pofite to it, beyond the llreight, rtood fea, and the other by the little one,
Cbulcedon, an ancient city ot Bithinia. Con- m.ide by the waters of the great one
,.
!
Jlai!li>io['!e is reported to have been built running up the country fix miles to-
1
by Paiijanias, king of Sparta, in the wards the frefli water of Cbitaiia. It is

year ot the world :?469, and 96 after enclos'd by a fingle wall with old rowers,
the dellruflion of Troy, at the lame time thofc towards the fea Iquare, and thole
that Taranto, in the province of Otranto, towards the city round, where the Aza-
and Gerace, in the province of the fur- moglans keep guard to hinder all per-
ther Calabria, in the kingdom of Na- Ibns approaching. The fultan has built
flii, were built. Like Old Rome it is a fummer-houie to take his view all
enclos'd by feven hills, which does not round upon one of the towers that
at all lefTen its Ix-auly, or the delights looks towards Afia, whither he often re-
its air and foil afford. Within its com- forts to divert himfelf There is no-
pafs, being twelve miles, or rather fif- thing regular in the inward ftruftiires
teen, including the feraglio and its gar- but only confute apartments, and gar-
dens, are contain'd about a million of dens on its uneven ground planted with
fouls s it being the molt populous city cypretTes, and other trees 1 but the lead-
in Europe, next to Paris. The houfes ing of the top, and the gilt Mii:,ires,
are low, being built of wood, or wood or turrets, yield a noble prolj.cd, as
alfo
JOOK II.
Cl.AI'. V. 0/ TUR K Y. 69
alio tlie
lie A/9/7
Mo'iiui' within it, ilJK;i;i.dly and after lamenting the mini of Cilcr- CrMnxi
""'+
whiMi tlif 'low
lun iliind on them, don, it is re-treated on the IruittuI toil
Si-ig. '•'''^'^''^'
liu- iIm tluTc on the
arc lome [âllcric-,, of Siutard, covcr'd
with .1 regular
oiitlide casM wirh marble, and within wood of cyp^c^s-trec^;, iniprov'd by a-
painted and |;ilt, where the grand leijj;- bunilance of fruit-trees 10 pltale the pa-
ra to nior takes tlie air, when lie toinci to late at .dland peopled front
teafon',,
divert hiiiiliit with tidiing. On that many along the Ilreight. Which
vill.;ges
ftru- poiiu wliicli looks towards Scutaret, prolj)eiJt twenty miles to the
extends
build* there are leveral pieces of cannon in a black lea, where Pom/',y\ pillar was
I majj- row on tlie ground to lecurc the plate •, ereded, which is now no more, but
r.icctul and on the lide of th- little (lreij;ht there are trees of a prodigious bignels
Rte.it- there lie leveral l)a'-(;;i's prettily yilt, on the fci-Oiore. Then looking again
int.iins tor vlie li.Tvi e, and diverlion of the upon luiropi; which by realbn ol the
t.ir in lulran. Helidei the many gates all a- winding ot the Ilreight, lircms to join
, The bout the three principal ones, are thole to .Ijiii, it is curious to behold many
ni t!.(.* on the fide of St. Sophiti, which lead confiderable towns both on the hills 1
1 l/My. to three Ipacious courts. In the tirlt .md villages. The firll that appears,
yc.ir
lirc.ul,
1 I on tlie
the //ziimnglaiis,
one fule are theapartments of
and on the other (ide
ii liifcitaji
ot Sondach,
i then the villages an^l
7'oi'iiii.i, (!,i!.ii.i, I'tru,
cities
jl/.t-
t very the infirmary ol the Haves of the fera- liip/i, Caracbm, Cii£iiii-/iii(/',i, -liirjaiia,
e tlie.i- glio. The fecond court has cyprels- DiViin.ii\i, and /Jiaty ; belides m.my
ixt IM- trees planted in the midiile, and tlu; magnificent pal.icea ami gardens of R:ij-
to the lides are taken up with tlie kitchins of Jii's and grea' tinn of the country, on
np<Tcf- the leraglio, tlu' llablcs, the ilivan, which the hills, and on the banks ot the little
ouncils is a large room where the vizier, and Ilreight. I lence it is, that coming troin
unJer otlier couni" llors meet to tonfult about the the eye is as it were (iillratl-
lea,
Iccond allairs of llatr, the //.ijiia, or trcafury- ed with fuch variety ot profpcc'l, and
under ciiamber, where taxes and revenues are knows not where to fix 1 tor the nearer i."'^
under laid up, and on the other fide the the veffel approaches on the water, ih<!
0,/,t, or lodgings for the Ijaoglans. more the fcenes change, and new ones
•r.i!;!iosTh<; In the third is a great hall where the appear.
fe-
lid It ofraglio. grand feignior gives audience to the Cilii/a being lookM upon as a fuburbd/j^,.
ambafliulors of prinns that come to ot Coiijlitiiiiiwph-, as being but half a
ity by the jiort is the lame as
1 which the mile dill.mt, which is the iic.idth ol the
ntecolt, fultan's court. Further in are the Oda- narrow Ilreight, it is not to be pirted
new liibt; or apartments of the maiden flaves, from its metropolis. This ciiy, long
y
clFor's kept for tiic emperor's pleafure 1 whi- pollels'd by the republick of Cti::,.:, has
ther none may pals but the eunuclis excellent buildings within the compafs
that lervc them. ot two miles its walls exteml. Its fi-
1 1.1 'ing, the bed 1 could, dcfcrib'd tuation is part (ilaii) and part hill, on
the tlMuglio, whereof no further account the top whereof is a llrong and liigh
can pollibly be had, unlefs iVnm the tower, by means whereot the repub-
mouth of Ibme of the eunuchs that relick. kept the city eight years, whole
fide in it, I cannot pals by the nobie arms are flill to be feen on the walls.
prolpcct Cn)ijhwtinoile alForils. I'or tho' Moll of the I'nviks live in this city, and
we have given but a rough draught of the red in Peru, for whom the ilivine
its buildings within, becaufe the nar- fervice is attended by the Jefnits, Dcmi-
rowncfs ot the flrects hinders the j)lea- )iica>i!, Ciiptichiin, and Rccolets, with
furc the eye iliould take beholding
in whom the catholick patriarch lives, and
them i yet on the outfide houfes
the their church is a parilh, as is that of
'landing upon feveral rifing groumls, the DotninUain.
'le roofs being lofty, and the fronts Pfnns feated along the little hill Ai\-Ptra.
!> lutify'd with leveral colours, as well joining to Galata, being but narrow and
towards the lea or ftrcight, as towards imeven. Here the ambalVadors of chri
the ml, it yields a moll wonderful and
'
tlian princes refide, as thi; l'',mperoi<,,
furpniing fight. It may be boldly af- thole of France, reiike, and England,
ferted, That the wit of man could Holland and here are other monalle-
•,
not choofe out a better fituation in the ries, one of French Capuchins, within
world ; the fame place at the lame time the pal.ice of France ; the other of Re-
alVording the delights of Europe, and colels of the holy lanii. vho adminiller
the plealures of Afia ; for when the eye the tiicraments inditl^ .ntly, like the
is glutted with the fight of the beauti- others, without any lc| a rate quarters or
ful plains of Romelm, it is but looking jurirdidion, but acconling as thole pleale
about beyond the ilreight into Afta, that make ufe of them. Tho' it be an
Vol.. IV. T open rli
: ;
76 A Vdyiê romtd t}x Wwld. Book II. Chap

Gemelm open place, thcrS are good hoiifes in it, ments along the canal, fome of tlicm an
'69+- which by reaion of their higii ftanding of wood, and all witiwuc any rule or bis
•^^""^have the finefl profpefl in the world, methoti ; a few paces from it is n great ne;
overlooking Conjlantwople, and the pla- garden without a wall, and about that M
ces before-mcntion'd. a cypiiifs-grove cnclosM with a lunimer- ma
T 'fdav the 12th, I went up thither to houle in the middle. are
fee the dcrvices turn round, and found H.iVing feen this vill.ige, \ went to Fin.U, lb
two French "Jefttiti, who had the fame the other cali'd Foudacii, where there is *'''-'i= bla
curiofity ; it was perform'd after the nothing [jreat i but the houfes lyinp; a- of
fame manner as I nv ition'd at Adria- long the ilreight have tlie profpcCt of upc
nople, and therefore 10 more needs to it, and corvcniency of filhing, whereof
be faid of it. there is gieat plenty all along tiicre
.'ii. fFetinefiitiy the i jth, I went a-crofs the whif h is liie reafon Hdi is fo cheap at
vill.ige.
ftreight in a boat, to fee another nio- Coiillajilimple, that tunny filli, t.iken all
naftery of dtfrvices in the village of Blf- the yea: about, is fold for a farthing a COli
cilaji, where I faw 'uch another Jance, poi.!;-.J, an eel of eight pound weight for of
in a itately room painted, ;;ar the fea- about eighteen pence, and an hundred of mei
fhore. A Turk fecintr me laugh ut that large oylters for five pence the Turks •, wit
folly, faid to me. This is like your reli- being no admirers of filh. Going on mc
gious men difcipUning themfelves. In my ftill by land, becaule the ftreight was depi
return, I difcovfr'd at the end of the high, I to the village and quarter
came
village near the fhore, a noble palace of Topana, where the c.mnon is call.
all leaded at top, and with handfomfe Before the .irfenal, was a protiigious cul-
galleries to the fea. Near this place verin, thirty (pans long, and feverai pie-
was another feraglio of the grand feig- ces of cannon anil among tiiem one
•,
nior's built by fultan Mdhotnel, who that fliot out three balls, at as many
went thither fometimes to divert him- mouths at once firing. Walking llill
felf, but none of the court living thete along the bank, about fun-fet, I came
; I at prefent, it runs to ruin. Going into to the fuburb or city of GiiluUi, having
it, I found a confus'd number of apart- gone about three miles by land.
CHAP. VI.
T'k' Dtjiription of St. Sophia, and other Itnp-rial Mofques ; as aljb of other
remark(il>k "things in Coiiftantinople.
the 14th, having liir'd a

"yHitrfday in the time of the Greeks. The pave- I
,.1
and a jew to be my inter-
boat, ment is all marble, as is the pulpit orf
'I of a half tribime, made by the
preter, I went over to CoHftuntinople to the left
I-
lee St. Sophia. This noble llrudlure is high to explain my ielf the lict-
altar,
only parr of a greater, begun by JufliH, ter by terms us'd in Europe. Bcfidcs
and finifh'd by Jt4llihidn, omix-rors of the aforefaid columns, there are fix very
the eaft, who confecrated it by the name large ones in ihfc intervals to fupjwrc
of St. Sophia. The Turks have deftrov - the firft gallery, whic'- goes round, as
ed great part of it, and preferv'd only dtJes the fecond. On the right of the
the Duorno, which is the middle part of niche is a good
to which the dofet,
the old church. grand feignior has a private ftair-cafc.
St. Sdfhia The diameter of this Duotho is about rhe Turks have a particular refped for
113 foot. About the Alofque there are this Mofque, on account of a ffone they
two rows of galleries, each fupporteil keep there, on which they fiy, the blef-
by many pil'ars. The great cupola is ftil virgin wafli'd the infant Jcfus's tin
built upon wonderful arches, fultaincd nen. They alfo fliew a tomb, which
by large columns, cas'd with marble they fay is theemperor Co>ijh!>ili)ir's. A- Tombs,
in the intervals between which, on both bundance of lamps hang ail about.
fides, there are four Itately marble co- I laving given the Im.ui or pricfl ten
lumns, and two others further back. At para's, he iierniitted mc to go to the
the upper and lower end of the Mo/pie^ firlf gallery, up a large arch'd Hair-
are four other pillars, with loffy ar- cafe ol marble, where I found li.ven )c-
ches, which divkir it into three patts. Veral large fpaces about it, like fcvrii
Thefe arches, and part of the body of chappels but on evoiy (iJc tlure .irc
;
the Mofifke, are of Mojaick work ; which three arches, which leave a great Ipace
tho' time, ahd the Turks have deftroyM between the wall and the gdiery. T he
much, ftill rtitws leveral figures, rtiade c-olumns on the inllde are live to every
iircli.
:y
;
Book II. Chap. VI. 0/ TURK Y. 71

arch, of green veiny marble, anel four ed within, after the country fafliion , GEviEi.i,f
'^"^^
bigger of white marble, on both fides as the walls without are cas'd with or-
^'^'^''^
next the wall. At the lower end of the dinary marble, antl within wltii a fir.er
Mofqiii; over the great gate, which fort, and line tiles. Tlie grounii is
makes the feventh arcli or chappel, there cover'd with good carpets, and in each
are four others of green veiny marble ; tomb two great flambeaux weighing
went to Fmh. fo that in all they make thirty four of about 300 Weight in wax each, with a
there is *'''-;:• black and green marble, and twenty four great turbant on them. Within them
lying a- of white, (landing on the arches rais'd are bury'd their wives, children, and
Dlpett of upon the lower pillars. The arches of brothers ; but the fultans and fultanclles
whereof the gallery of Mofaick work
are alfo -,
tombs, are bigger than thofe ot their
g tliere but the faces of the funts and angels children, which have no turbants on
chcai> at have been all batter'd and fpoil'd by them. There are ftnans, or priclts ap-
t.iken all the Turks ; filling up thofe places with pointed to look after all thele fepulchers.
arthing a colours, and writing thereon the name One thing peculiar, I oblerv'd in St. So-
/eight tor of god ill Arabick characters. The pave- phia, which is, that no women being
jniired of ment, walls, and pillars are all cas'd nllow'd to go into the other Mufques,
:lieTurki with good marble. The prieft fliew'd in this they may enter, if they are not
joing on mc a burial place of a prodigious liitisfy'd to pray in the porch.
ight was depth in the fame place on the left, Frith') the 15th, I went to fee fultan Sulr.m
.1 quarter where he told me, the Turks were in- IJamet\ Mofqiw, in the Afmcdian, or '/""''*»
I is call. terr'd. Hippoilrome. For beauty, it exceeds St. '""'i**
;ious ciil- are two long arches that lead
There Sophia, but is not fo large, and itlhews,
veral pie- to famous t.mple ; the firlt has
this no coll was fpar'd ibout it. The great
hem one two gates at the end, and four in the cupola of this Mofquv, (for they are all
as many middle the fecond which is Mofaick,
( built afteriame fafhion, and fu-
the
<.ing iliil has five in the front, and two on the ftained by four
round pillars) cas'd
large
, I came fides. When in this fecond, there ap- with fine marble, of le.veral colours,
t, having pear nine doors, the middlcmort where- beautiful to behold ; and there are four
of is of brais ; the two on the fiiles of fmaller at the tour angles. By the great
it arc open, and the other fix kept (l-.ut, pillars, there are other thick marble
fo that they take up almolt all one fide columns, befides the little, fupporting
6f the Mofqtie. Over that brazen gate, a curious gallery, that goes
round it.
the Turk that was with mc, Ihew'd me The ground is l.iid with good m.irble,
a dove, the fymbol of the holy gholl, and cover'd with rich carpets and there •,
and an image of a faint in Mofaick work, are lamps hanging in all parts, with
half deiac'd by the barbarity of the Ma- other works of criftal, of fevcral co-
he pave- hometans 1 bcfidcs thcfe nine doors, there lours, to adorn the place. At the
ulpit orf are four on the fides, and two behind end, is a laige tribune of fine marble,
the niche, or high altar oppofite to the and on the left of it a pulpit of the
by the
!ic liet- great (craglio. fame llone. It has tiiree brafs gutes
Befiilcs Ac the angles of this ilrufture, there well enough wrought nt the three fides.
fix very are four towers, with balconies about The firll or cliurch-yard, is en-
place,
fup{)orc them, into which the Muezims go five clos'd with ordinary marble, and there
uml, as tunes a day to Turks at the let

call the are feveral doors to ir, with iron fbeps.
of the hours to their Naama, or prayers. Be- On both the outfides of the Mofqite there
ich the fore the front is a porch, where the are two galleries adorn'd with lijveral
air-ca(e. Mahometan women fometimes go to hundreds of fmall pillars, worthy theob
ped for lay their piayers. To conclude, the fervations of curious perlbns, and along
mc they ftruclure is lb prodigious, ami the wall them feveral fountains for the Turks to
tlic blef- of it ft) thick, that it leems to have walh them, they being ot opinion, they
ijs's !in been built for a fort, rather than a thus cleanle both boily and foul from all
which church. filth.
i. A- Tombs. Befides the dwellings of the Mam, There are alfo three gates that lead
about the fiid Mofqltc, there are on the out of the firll into the fecond court,
I trn letl fide, feparate from ilie body of if, or ciiurch-yard ; on the iides whereof,
1 the tombs of feveral fuliiins along the en- are twenty marble pillars, that hold up
Ilair- clos'd church-yard. The firll is Ma- the arches of twehty leailed cupola's
vrn fc- homet, the fecond of Sclim, the third of All the ground is laid with marbl;', with
fcven Amiiral, the fourth of his childtt^n, a great fountain in the iiiidale. There
re are which verc about 120 ; and the fitHi, are fix other handlome cuiwla's gilt nt
fjvacc next the Mofqtte of the fultans Miiltupba, the top ; three on each fide of the MofqUc.
The and Ibrahim. Thefe tombs are made In all thcfe Mo/tjUi's oi Cvnlfaiilimph, and
tvvry like cujiola's, leaded without, and paint- AtiritiHoplr, beni.iis the apartmehts ot
^rcii. tholi;
:y
;
72 A Voyage round the World. Book II. Chap.
It;
5ooK II. Chap. VI. 0/ TURK Y. 73
fcs or In the firft court, which is cnclos'd, isanother cupola, of a meaner ftructure, Gemei.u
there are leveral dwellin^^s for the It/iiws, with Ibme tombs after the fame man- ''"H
place The or prielts that ferve the Mofqiie, with ner.
^^^^
Wf
lliops, ''A'"- fountains and trees in the midll of it. Going home, took fultan Bajazet's g,j,:.^,,-t',
I
things 'I'liere are three doors out of this firft, Mofque in my way. The firft court ofMuique.
IS ;lliO into the fecond court or cloiller ; in it is large, and has three gates -, the fe-
which there are abouc twenty columns cond in which, are eight tall cyprels-
of good marble, and about twenty eight trees •, has about it twenty pillars of mix-
:lainM leaded cupola's on all the four lides. ed marble, and eight others in the mid-
w.ilks The Mofqiiif on three fides, has three gates dle, which hold up a roof over a foun-
re are wrought with brafs, and two beautiful tain ; twenty four le.ided cupola's cover
from high towers gilt at the top, at the end the galleries about the court. The Mofqut: I
\s,ilksThc5,-7-» of it. has three doors on one fide, and two oa
iibrJ->/.
,h
re
tlic
en
The /'j.'j.
i(.V..«,
The Ffi
q:ii3.!,il.ir.
jng to
Moiid.is the lijth,
Guard of
dnlitr,
i'ce
which
the Janizaries,
I went
the old quarter, or Corps
fignilies old houle.

in the
call'd
morn-
Efqtiio-
This
de
is
the other.
four large
by it. At the ends
The
great cupola ftands upon
with two midling ones
pillars,
are four other cu«
pola's all white within, and adorn'd with,
m
Mwny a Ibucture enclos'd with high walls, with- Jrub'ck charaders. On the left of the
;il:
ecoin.1 in which are the apartments and lodgings niche, near the pulpit, is a tribune for
M?ii
led at for the Janizaries and their officers, ca- the gr.ind feignior, held up by fix co»
pable of containing Ibme thouilmds. In lumns, and another lower for the cere-
it ai- the niitUt of it is a great court, with feve- monies of the Mofque which on that ;
\rIofqUe
ral fountains for their ufe. They have fide fpicads out into two arms. In fliort,
another quarter call'd Genegni-Odar, or not to tire the .cader, there are, as in
'd'.ala,
new houle, where others relide. all other Mofques, carpets on the ground,
Sj/i'nM's Then I went in to fee the Mofque built lamps hanging about, and towers at the
ot the The Jm '
: I
1
W\\.\n^nif,inhi,
vhich,
iMoiijutt, by
all
SoUmait, the finefl without dilpute of
I had feen yet, with four fine towers
angles to call the people.
pulcherisa-part in a round chappie, cruft*
Bajazet'i fe-
m
inJ in
com-
upon
a
the angles. The way
nreat court, wall'd in ;
is firft
and out of
into ed with marble within and without, with
all the ornaments mention'd in the other
m
this rlicre arc three doors to pafs into imperi.ll fepulchers.
where
the ond, in which there are twenty four
1 was very dangerous going to Con*
It
s very
ir un- columns of mix'd marble, that fuftain
the galleries, and twenty eight le.ided
flantinople forme, becaule there w.as »
Caimacain or governour, who was a great
m
cupola's. The ground is all laid with enemy had caus'd fifty
to chriftians. He
marble, with a fountain in the middle, baftonadocs to be given a Frenchman,
afs, I Sufun;^
compos'd of eight of the fame pillars, for wearing yellow Ihoocs, he having
the nioiciu^
fort of marble. The Mofque has one door forbiil Fnniks to doatli thcmlt;lves after
fui-
*
fuing the fecond, and four on the fides. the -TurkiJJj talhion and the fame to a •,
•cign-
Tiie grc.it cuj ola, as in all the others, poor Greek, becaule he carry'd a bottle
the
refts upon four pillars, h.u ing two other of wine. I le carry'd himfclt fo rigidly,
fiib,
tlier
fmaller adjoining to it, rifing from both afpiring to be grand vizier, that he va- i
•"J
port*
ends of the niche, and there are five on lu'd no man, not even the ambafladors
each fide of it, with four large marble co- of crown'd he.uis, to whom he g.ave to t
l)C»
Cf>»
lumns above fifty i'pans high. underftand, that he would punidi the
walls
On the right hand is a curious marble leaft otfencc committed by their I'amily.
here
tribune for the grand feignior, fupport- Particularly the Butch amballiidor, who
<e,
ed by fix pillars. On the left was the takes great delight in fhooting of phea-
pulpit, and another open tribune, for the fants, which are to be found at Belgrade,
icre*
ceremonies of the Mofque. The pave- fix miles from the city, had word brought
iii-
oKI
ment is all covcr'd with fine carpets, and him, that if he went thither any more,
ill-
the place lighted with Kunps. A ftately he would caufe him to be hang'd before
iiiarl>le gallery adorns both fides of the the gate ; he w.as therefore cry'd up as
UllC
Utici
Alofijue i which, at the fide of
behind the ilreadfulleil man in the world, l-or
the niche, is a rouild chappcl, embellifli'd this realbn, I dcfir'd the Frcnih conful
•rs,
with good marble, and the pavement to appoint a Janizary to go along with
niil-
cover'd with carpets, where is the tomb me, which he refus'ii to do, faying, ic
ijle
of Solimaii, and odicrs of his family. In would expofe him for if the Caimacar.'t ;
k'ho
the inner part of the chappcl, is a row of ofier'd me any afi'ront, it would rellect
mil
iril
pillars of fine Hones, and without it a upon all the nation, and therefore I
row of b.uinifters. The tombs, as I ob- fliould take care how I went to Confian-
the
as
ferv'd ellewhere, are cover'd with filk, linople, for I fliould certainly be thrown
turbants lie on them, a. id there are into goal. was travelling
But, finre I
great llimbeaux at the fides. Hard by the world out ot curiofity, I would not
I«
Vol. IV, U • foi
ill,l
v
74 AVoyge rourfd ^he fflorid. Book II Chap.'

Gemeli.1 for any ilinger omit feeing one ot the 'I :5, I.! 11 C'l.'.ld 1 lake its heigh.. '.;c-
ginl
'69+ prime cities of Europe, ;ind tiicrcfore c.iuic of the jcjious te njier ot the Turks, at
'-'"^^^^l continii'ii to go every d.iy. The French and teverky of the ( ''limaeam ; but as
amb.itl.Hlor usM all his cncleavours to near as i can gucis, *:
may be 147 foot
have the Caimacam depos'ii, but found high, .<i, Pelf,- Ligl;o itbkvves. Thence I '^"''l^c
ic difficult, becaufe fupportca

he was went to lee the iqueduct, call'd Cbemer. fidcl
by the fultancfs, and the chief of tlie It is about half a mile lung, on many pavl
blac!-: eunuchs ; tlio' he was an enemy arches of brick, fometii'"'es one upon I'alir
to tiie grand vi.'.icr, to wliofe orders another, to raile them to the heighth neaJ
he gave little deference. They call'd of the water. They told me, thai tiiree CapX
him Calolicos, a name given him by hours walk from the city, at the j)Iace the
Mabotnet the IVth, when he ferv'd as a they call Antechemer, tliere are a grea- tooli
B"Itdgi, becaufe he was a good horfe-man. ter number of arches, better made, and ftreii
Tu'efday tiie 19th, I iiir'd a boat, and larger.
went over into yljia, eroding a ftreighc Tburfdiiy the 2 r ft, I went to fee Mabo- M^hmi't in a|
of two miles, which runs from the black met's Mofijue, v/hich differs little or no- inoiijui:. or ol
S.utjrft, lea to the Dardanelles, and landed at Scu- thing in Itrufture from the relf ; and mord
iaret. This is a great open village, leat- therefore not be more partitular
I will The Icvcn I'l
ed par~ in the plain, and part on the concerning it. Behind the Aloiijue, in a towers, tOWcJ
hill, but plcafmt enough, efpecially in plain round chappie, is the tomb of lul« prifon
fiimmer, becaufe of the greens and good tan Mabomel the founder. fill tan
fruit trees it has. There are good Ba- All the way 1 went that morning, w.is keep
zars or markets in the \)lain part. among houles 'ml llreers, confum'd by go ill
IMien I went to lee Leander's tower, the lalf fiie, which has oblig'd the couk!
tower. call'd in the Turkijh tongue Chijculaft, Turks to live in wooden b.irracks, fVoin with
f-Mtcd in the midit of the l^rcight, on the place cill'd ylrctet-Buzar, as tar as tliere
a plain rock, 100 fpans fquare, which Cbemer, or Mahomel'a Molque. For fe- ners.
tho* lb fmall, and in the midft ot tlic veral miles along the ftreight, there was to dil^
lea, has frefh water. I found nothing nothing to be \xn but dilmal memorials that h
remarkable in it, but only a few Pedre- of the fire, au.) the lame in the phice, ccns'd
roes, and eight pieces of cannon, level call'd Z'ighwe-y'uihfci, where they were him fr(
with the water. It is fahuloufly call'd (o re-building. ers, an

ili
4 Ik
A tier went to the Vtzier-^'"^^^
Tjy the lurks, for being the prifon oi Hero, dinner, I tan Ofi
milUefs to l.eaiidrr, who fwam over to Xan, a great fquare building, full of'^'"'* the fn
her, from the lake where now the fe- fhops ab'.^ve and below, where they mutiny
raglio llands, every night ; but it we print Ituils. Next to
is a pillar of it, The
believe our poets, and particularly Ovid, red marble, oF feveral pieces, fixty fpans thing c
hap]X"ned at the caflles of Sejlusind high, on which Conjiiintine fet his own feven
M this
Abydiis. Returning home, the ftrcam ftatue, which in procefs of time tell worth
I"
carry'd us near the point of the (eraglio, down. The pjiieftal is endos'd with This tr
whence we return'd along the Ihoar ot a wall, and the Greek letters on its on chr
the ftreight. capit.il, teftify it was ercded in the nor da
Wednefd.ty the 2o'ii. i .''ent to the year 440. Time has decay'd it, and to ufi^s.
^Vicc of Auret-Bazr.. to 'C' ;he famous prevent its falli;ig, they have ftrength- Ihut bi
pillars r/ecfed, in h m'., i ,( the empe- ned it with twelve iron hoops. It has there v
rors Arcadius and hunorius. The pede- beyond the other columns,
this peculiar marble
.-ind H.n; ftal is made of eight pieces of marble, that there are about it eight Cordons or was bui
nui s pil-
i3pf,()p, j|jg bafe, which is bigger and wreaths of lione running up to the top The
H fquare. The pillar is made of i'everal of it. ftreight
pieces, on which there are fmall figures I proceeded to the Atmcda):, or Hippo- liraHm's the p.ii
cut in half relief, which to me fcem'd drome, to the ler.iglio, or p.dace built by ("••^cs. crs on
to repreient a triumph, being like the fbrabim-BaJfa, fonin-law, and f.ivouritc landTu
work of Trajan's pillar at Rome. It is to the emperor Soliman II, where they after tl
almolf gone to ruin, and they have jiut told me, there were 600 rooms, which ditch,
three iron hoops about it, to prevent its I could not fee, the entrance being for- breaft-1
falling. It is hollow within, and there bid. It is feateil on one fide of thcalbre- Con
was a winding ttair-cafe to go up to the laid fquare, which is made ufe of upon I.I the i.'\ the ga
top of it i there being a door at thi^ publick fports, and as for skirmilhes IV, going I
foot of it, and another Imall one upon games at the circumcifion of the Ottrman came I
tlie capital, round which, there was princes, and the grand feignior conies to from t
room to walk. Twelve fpans higher is this palace to leeiliem. the tov
a'iOther capital, where the column ends. Friday ihe 2.'.d, having heard mats be« in four
Havin ; a mind to go in, 1 found the times, I pafs'd over to Conilatilinoide, to Jlaiitino
flair-fiie rtopp'd up with abundance of oblrrve the compafs of its walls. Be- pals, a
ginning
piiJ
!!
; .
Bcr-: II Chap. VI. 0/ TURK \ 7^

ginning next the Oreight, and goino; out n:ilcs tl~.e fer,u.!;lio make which in allti. ';ii.4
Turks, at the gate (;' J-.^ri-Capft, or the hlack is fifteen. By the v/ay I l.iw the Mofijuc, '^'H
but as '-^^.'^.'
gate, I went towards ihat of Age- and Ic'pulchre of fiiltan SiHm.
1-7 foot Vtiffare-Caifi, clofj to which the ftreight Near the gate of Agri-Capfi, arc the
''^'>
'hence I "iw- runs ; then turning back along the land- rem.iins of the em[)eror Conjtant'uie's pa-
fkle, I went about the wall, on a way lace, whereof a towards the city p.irt
I many pav'd with flint, which goes round. is ftill Handing.
appears to have It
e upon Pairing by live gates on this fide, I law been a large ftrudfure, but (landing at
heighth near that of Adriiwoj-le call'd Edrienc- the end ot the city, it is rather to be
iL clirce CapJ':, the place where the I\, '.. made liippos'd to have been a houfe of [ilea-
e place tli(j breach, at which they cntred, and fure than any other hecaufe it over- •,
a grea- took the city. Coming to the great looks all the ftreight, and frelli w.iters ;
.le, and itreiirht, which at the point of the fe- and that his refidence was near St. So-
ragiio llretches out a fmall arm, I went phia, where there arc remains of pillars
Mdbo- M,!km,i\ in at the leventh gate, call'd Tedicula, and marble about the garden of the
or no- imiiijuc. or of the feven towers, there being no (i'raglio. In this palace of Co>iJlii>ili>w's,
t ; and more on the laiid-fide. I Was told, a youth feven years befofe
irticular The liven The place properly call'd the feven that time found a diamond among the
(c, in a tower.-, towers is at a Imal! diltance, and is a rubbiili, which he fold tor about three
of All* prifon for prilbners of Hate, whom the pence or a groat Eiiglijh, next it was
fultan will death ; and to
not put to parted with tor about two lliillings •,
ig, was keep had

hoflages. the curiofity to
I and the ftone hein<^ good, fultan Mubo^
im'd bv go into the firft court, and as far as I met then '.:';^ning, came to hear of it,
;'d the could obferve, it is like a fquare calUe ',vho bou^hu anil had it cut, when it
1, from with feven towers in it leaded, where was found to large and fine, that it was
i tiir as there are good apartments for prifo- valu'd at above looooo crowns.
For fc- ners. The air is whollbmc, and good After dinner I return'd to Co'J}u>iti-ThcEr,ii,t
lerc was to melancholy.
difpel In the mutiny nopli' to fee the Efqi'.i-Scry.i'j, th.it is, the^''''''>
fmorials that happened in 1648, the Ibldiery in- old habitation. This is a royal lera-
L' place, ccns'd ag.iinlt Ibrahim their fultan, drew glio, where all the woinen are kept up
ey were him (rom the feraglio to the feven tow- that have fcrv'd former fultans, as was
ers, and there ftrangled him. The ful- faid before, whence they never come out
f'lzier- V'ma. tan Ofmr.n dy'd in the fame place, and unlefs iDvirry'd to fomc Baffi'^f. This
full of'''"*' the fame fort of death, upon another place is enclos'd with a wall twenty four
they mutiny in 1622. fpans high tor two miles in compals, w ith-
^:'
*!vM
ar of The revenues of Mofques that are any- in which arc the lodgings, and gardens
fpans thing coufiderable are alio kept in thele for tliofe ladies divcrfion. There is n'*
own feven towers ; fomc of th'iii being going into it, the gate being guard :ii
fell worth above 100000 crowns a year. by Jiinizari's and Ciptgis.
with This treafure is kept to make w.ir up- Near the Efqiii-cdjlar, or ftreet of t'l. ".<•/. .fr
on its on chrirtians, in detencc ot their law Ccfede-Bafii, 1 went into lee the Alof '"' '":'
nor dare the Turks put it to any other of ^^ '*'"'•

the SirfaJi'-p:vniJt, bu-lt by the (on ot a
md to ufes. On the outfide, I law a door fultan. About it is a noble court, with
ength- fluit betv,'een two towers, near which feveral buildings for Imaiis, with --hree
has there svhere angels and fiints cut in the gates leading to 'he fecond court, or
umns, marble in half relieve, which Ihew it where
cloifter, re are about fixtc.Mi
?«.! or was built by the chrillians. marble column ut fuftain twenty two
le top The walls of Couftnnlinople next the cupola's all leadeu. In the middle a cu-
is
(freight are in fomc places fallen down ; rious fountain, the top whereof is held up
fippO- lirahim's the part that lem.iins Handing has tow- by little marble pillars. There are three
lilt by l"'^'^*' ers on it at equal liillances. On the doors to the Af(?//«t', whole cupola ftamis
jurite find- fide, there are fmall weak towers on four large columns •,
tor the reft
they after the antient manner, with a lliallow there are the tribunes, carpets .md
'hicli ditch, before which there is a wall lamps as
the others.
in H.iving fcen a
for- breall-high for musketiers. fepulchre, which they told me vvas Ji^ra-
lore- Continuing my walk round within hiin licijJ'Cs, I went out, and leeing o-
upon 1.1 ihe ci the gate of }':Jhii/a, there being no thers in my way, curiofitv led me again
and going on the out-lide but by water, I into the firft court where
; in a chapel
came to the feraglio ; ami proceeding I obferv'd two tombs of fultans widi
i's to from thence along the ftreight, I made feathers in their turbants under filk
the tower or round at a moderate rate, canopies, after the Turkijh falhion, As
be- I
in four hours lb that I look upon Coii-
, I was going 01: > view the reft, I inct
to Jiant'tnoplf to be twelve miles in corn- a Jiimzar^:, w. call'd me ; but I tear-
|Ke- pals, as was fiiJ befoie, befides three ing to be robb being
ling M il, in a folitary
place,
J , 'Urj
7<5 A Voyage round the JVorld. Book! I. Chap
v^ t (Iemeli I
place, ami having forty zccchines about nana. There were alfo in the f.une fa
'fi'H-
nit, maile
liall aw;ry, ami {)ercciving water twenty men of war built in tiic ca
'-^^''^him began to run out of the
jmrilif, bl.ack fea, the biggfll: of which carry 'd W(
place, riic yiiiii^'tiry Iccing one of his fcventy guns ; and that being fii:Li\. Jo
con.panions cali'd out to hin\ to lôp which is the Ttirkijl] holiday, they had
mc, wiiiih he did, there being no way all their colours abroad. There are .dong be
for me to elcape. J'hefe I'urks having the fhore above forty cover'd :'.rciies, am
r r/ fearc'a'd, and found notiiing about me, and as many open for the lervicc of the the
led me to the Efqui-'idolar, which was fliips and galleys. I'he water is lb deep vil
clofe by, and bringing me btloie a man, that they llep afhorc from any vellel D.
whom I fuppos'd to be an officer, uc- upon a plank. boi
cus'd me as a fpy. Me examin'd me in Proceeiling further in tlie boat, \i\vi Sfrr.ty. as
good Italian, anti I told him I was co'iic the famous julace and garden of Scir,iy- Ii"'/'i'ii waj
•''"'""'*
out of turiofity to fee the toinhs. He Badij':ui, on adorn'd with
the flrei^^ht, grai
reply'd there was no feeing of them, many rows of cyprefs-trees, and abun-
becaufe of the extraordinary jealoufy ct dance of lettices in the galleries and -,
the Turks, but that he cxcus'd me this cmbollini'd with fuch variety of colour.s, PL>.
time as being a flranger, who knew not that it, in a manner obliij;es the eye lo i' tl
the cuftom of the country, and warn'd behold it. At a great ililfancc, -11 the (a£
mc to make h.ille to GaLitd, and return way inhabited, appears the village of le
no more to C.cnllantinoplr ; as ulfo to be ^fiuy, where the ftreight turns away DerSi
thankful to the Ti:)k thu let mi. at li- to tlie right, growing nai rower towards •ri/i I
berty. Ihad fecn my angel

thought I the For this reafcn tl'.e three
river. ht h
guardian, who deliver'd me out of pri- miles they reckon from Calata to this and
lon and doubtlefs he was fome Itiuian
; village, by water, are not only de- little
j-enegado, for lie fpoke liie language lightful on account of the be.uity of this fon c
bctt.T than my fdf. I accordingly m^Kie fhorc but alfo for the other oppofiie
, No re- A;
hafte b.ick to GaUita, which I had fear'd to it where Confiantinopk ftaads, and for n!.iins of to A
I Ihould not fee in fome days; fo dange- the many notable houfes on the water, tient
rous is curiofity among barbarous people. even without the gate of J vaffen-Capfi, nothi
In my return, I pafs'd through the and it fuburb Ji'pb. Tlie water four city.
<Iiurclu quarter call'd Fener, and went into the miles from Galata is frefii, by reafon of It is
church and houl'e of the Gr,-ek patriarch. the river that runs from Belgrade into fiCe to
The church is narrow and low, with the Itreight. Seeing that river run
five arches on each fil", which divide it finooth, I caus'd the boat to go on,
into tiiree ifles, and haâ few filvcr lamps leaving on my right a wooden-houle,
hanging in it. On the left is the patri well gilt and painted upon the water,
arch''; feat, on the
afcentiing four Ifeps, built CO take tl" air in funimer ; and
right hand going of our la-
in is a piece pafTing untier a ilone-bridge three miles
viour's pillar, tiiree fpans liigh, about further came to Cbitana. I'liis is a phice
the fime fhickncfs, and red and white. that has but few houfes, but of curio-
The dvCe" SiiiiirJ.iy the 2 jd, I hirVi a boat Uie day fity, becaufe of a machine there is on return
being fair, to divert my felf on tiie the river, which turning a wheel, blow.s and L
ffreight. It is mucii pleafanter being five pair bellows belonging to fo
of Marfe
on it, than on the Pofthpo at Napla, for many to melt the iron, which
forges, nation
it is to be enjoy 'd at all times of the is thence tonvey'd to the moulds to cafl
very c
year, and the profpeft is better by rea- bombs for the war. There being no the fh
fon of the view of Conftantinople, wiierc- going further, becaufe of a fall the ri- by ca|
of we have fpoke before. I went along ver makes down the rugged hills, 1 Marfe
as tar as l'.ic villages of Afacapft, Cara- turn'd back. me by
ihioy, Caffiiii-Biifda, and tarjhia, where Mr. merchant
IVhitton, a rich Engtiflj aboart
the galleys are. Going afliore, I had came at night to our inn to fiip and for the
the curiofity to fee them building gal- drink with us \ for tho' there were fix any b(
liots., and other vefTels un-

briganiines, Fremb-men at the table, yet the wars write i
der fourteen arches. There were five between nations are not to break pri- lay to
galleys fin.ifli'd, antI the keels of three vate friendfliip, efpecially in ,i flrange who L
others ; befidcs fix l.irge galliots, whicii and barbarous country. 'J'lic Rnglijh- we an
they 'old me wouki foon be launcli'd mnn eat, and dr.uik heartily, as did .i
I th
to ferve on the Danube in the Huiigu- Gcnoefc comp.inion, and the fix
his the kit
rian war. Clofe by was the captain FrcHLh-men ; for by the lame token happer
Biijfa's houfe, water'd on three fide.s by they were all drunk, and painted one nefday i
the (freight, and handfomly built. At annthers hces without being angry. when !
a fmdl dillance, on the top of a hill, Not biing ablr to nold out at drinkiiii^ fing t
near tiio fliop; was the village ot Diva- with iheni. I went away to bed, making whi:h
K S
fal
\0L
; ;
Chap. VII. 0/ TURK Y. 77

Fall my door, which thefc Bacchanals feignior has a good pleafure-houfe, withGtMELi-i
came to break open but finding it faft,
-, a curious garden adorn'd with cypreG- 1^^
were forced to go their way without trees, which are very common in thole
Uoing any thing. countries.
Sunday the 24th, I was told that the day ufing fomctiiTics to vifit Jamrs Col-
I
before the Caimacam had been at Galata, ver, ambalTador from the dates of Hol-
.ind lent twelve Greeks and one Jew to land at the port, becaufe he was a vir-
the galleys. Going afterwards to the tuofo, and lover of travellers, he out
villagt; of Canuhioy., I met the fon of of Mr. Span's book put me in mind,
D. Joj'epb Marchefe of Meffina, who that I had omitted to lee the emperor
bought and fold wine to get his living, Marcian's pillar, which others befides
t, I lilW Hfri-.i,. a.s his father had done before, he got a- me had forgot ; which gave me an itch-
Sfirdy- "";'""" way to France, by fpecial favour of the ing to return to Conjlantincple, to fatisfy
grand feignior's. this new curiofity i notwithftanding I
I ,ibun-
Monday the 25th, it was known that had promis'd the renegado I would go
:s •, and the Caimacam of Conftantinople had been no more. In fpight of the danger I
cdlours,
pu'. out of his employment, after holding took boat Tuefday the 26th, and law the
; eye lo i' months and a half ; and that the
three pillar inthe court of a private Turk'i
fajfa of the caftles was to fucceed him, houfc, near the fame quarter of th;
,
-11 the
llajê of le being fent to the government of Janizaries. As near as I can guefs it is
IS away Derberker, the metropolis of Mefopota- fifteen fpans high, made of one piece of
-:ia \ and this bffcaufe in fo fmali a time fpeckled marble, with its capital of the
•
towards
he had gain'd the hatred of both Turks, Corinthian order, on which was a fquarc
lie three
and chriftians in that government, fo ftone, with four eagles at the four cor-
/ to this
little fuitable to his birth, he being the ners. 1 could t\ot fee the Lalin verfes the
)nly ».ic»
fon of a Greek prielt. ambalTador told mc were at the foot of
:y oi this
Na re- After dinner, I went over in a boat the column, they being perhaps funk in-
oji[)ofue
m.iins of to J/ia, to fee tlie remains of the an- to the ground with the pedeftal. Befides
and for Culaii','1.
tient Calcedon, where landi.ng, I found I was in fudi hafte to get out of danger,
le water,
nothing to prove there had been fuch a for fear of meeting the Italian renegado,
Wc-Capfi,
city, but the fair ground it ftood on. who this time would have donff me fome
Iter tour
It is two miles weft of Scutaret, oppo- diskindnefs, that I would not ftay to
reafon of
fitc to the fcraglio. Near to it the grand have it uncover'd.
>-ade into
iver run
> go on, CHAP. VII.
iin-houfe,
,c water, Tbe Author's Voyage to Smirna.
|ier i and
ee miles
DEfigning to go by land into Perfiu I refolv'd 10 go aboard a Turkijh ChU
s a place
with the caravan, I refolv'd to amber, that was bound for Smirna. Ha-
f curio-
return to Smirna by fea ; which John ving laid in my provifion, we let fail
rc is on
and David Mener, Frlnch merchants of with a fair wind on Thurfday the 28th
I, blows
Marfeilles, and the latter conful of the but fcarce had we run thirty miks be-
to lb
nation underftanding, they both of them fore the Rais, or mnfler, according to
wiiich
very civilly ofFer'd me my pafTage aboard ni
'
their cuftom, came to an anchor in an
to Gift
the (h'^ call'd the Jupiter, commanded open road, on the of Natoiia.
fide
lemg no
by Duran, of the faid city of
captain Friday the 29th, we weigh'd three
the ri-
Marfeilles, The fame olTer was made hours before day, and that evening drew
hills, I 1 (I'l
me by captain Sereni of the fame city, near the ifland Marmora, but the wind
aboard his velTel call'd the Swallow being contrary at night, we could get
Jiicrchant
for the French are very ready to forward but little by tacking.
Ifup antl
any body that travels only to fee and Saturday the 30th, about noon, we
Iwere fix
write and talking of me, they would
•, were (till oppofite to thofe iflands. There Marmora
lie wars
t
I
fay to one another. This is a worthy Man, are five of them ; the biggeft is cal I'd ^""^ '''*
[•ak pri-
'jiho Labour i for the puhlick, and therefore Marmora, on which there are four fmall "(|'''J
ll range
we are all Bound to Affifi him. villages, or hamlets the fecond Baf-
;
\E>,ilijh-
I thank'd them all, and accepted of cialiman^ which arc five villages ; the
lis did a
the kindnefs aboard the firft that fliould third Ecbnich, has but one the fourth
;
I the fix
happen to fail 5 but perceiving on IVed- Baglia, has two ; and the fifth Imaral^
token
7iefday the 27th, that they were uncertain has two more. The foil is (o good,
Ited one
when they Ihould fail -, for fear of lo- that they fupply almoft all Conflantmople
angry,
line the opportunity of the caravan, with wine at a moderate price ; for an
prinking
will .h I fear'd would fet out very foon. Oka, weighing forty eight ounces, which
iking
fult
Vol. IV. X t»
;, I
73 A Vayge round the IVorhl Book II Chap

Geiiei.li is .iliniit tlircc pints, is li)lil ior tlirce Gra- my pals. And the bale vicc-conful an-
'9';4 /w'sof NapUs money, being about three Jwering he hid i'ttcn no pals, and that I lovvri.
'-^•'^l.iiihings Englijh. to excufc my tell, laid it was aboard the

'I'liL- wiml blowing li.iiil ;U niglit, and velFel , to prevent the yl^d'% growing jea-
the clianni-1 being wiilflt about Mui- lous, upon fo many objections, I took
inorii, we were toicM baci< tiiirty miles, my lca\e, laying, was going for it, to
I
to put into the port ot the iilanil anil fhew them , but would not return thither
village ot liibnkh, on Sunday the j i It. any more, Iteing how millrullhil tlu
The lame wind continuing, kept us all Fremhman was.

Monda-j the ill of FcbrUiir\ in the liuiic .d'ter dinner we had the
Sriuday- the 7th,
place i ami (ailing on Tuel'day the 2d, of the culloiner, and 'Janizary,
ufual vilit
'I three hours before day, after iix hours who taking an account of all there was
Jail, we came to GaHipoH, 160 miles aboard the fliip, ask'd me whitiier I was
from ConJiiiHtinople. We failM not on bountl, and whether I h.ul a pals. I an-
Itî'diu-jdii^ becaufe the lea ran
the 3d, Jwer'd, was bound for Smtrna, and the
1
liigh. That fame night Ujlin Vhur-Bajfa conl'ul had teen my pal's.
came to GaUipoli, with a retinue of two Monday the Hth, the weather was not lit
hundred p-rfons on horlcback, going to Jail, but the lea growing calm on -Titi-f-
from the callles to Coitjlantinoplf, ro take day the 9th, we I'et out m the morning, prelil
pontnion of the place of Caimacam ; and lay that night at I'eiwdoi. Tho' the ing k
Calolico.i being dcpos'd, as was fait! be- windcontinu'd tairon /î(/«c/</i(v the lotli, or in
fore, lor his ill management. This vi- the lidls woulil not fail, and it coming to 11
zier liad been Cawhuum the year before, about afterwards againit us, we were (il ihi.- that
iind was mucli clleem'd by the I'mnks lor continue there whilll Ui.rv.
forc'd to it tail- void
Iiis good qualities. Xaxan^ the I'ltinb ed. tho'
vice-conlul entertain'd me in his lioule Thurfday tlu-we all went aflioar,
lotli, board
very civilly ; but at lui>{x;r omitted none and I took uj) my
lodging in ilie liouli: latter,
of his pharilaical fuix:rltitions before fpo- of a Cirvek, where there were alio two tholic
ken of. Fttnchmin, am', two ('cnctians ; one whofe they
Thurfd.iy the 4th, I law the f.ondra or name was Paul., and the other his wife, than
vcfl'el I came aboard of from Bicbu;>- in in man's ajiparel c.dl'd Clare. Friday mans,
Ei^'fi, and left at Rhodes; wliich in four the 1 2th, we all went to divert us two great
montiis time had not perform'il its voy- miles trom our place of abode for the vour,
age, by realbn of the drunkennefs ot the country air, and found all parts well c:ul- catholi
Riiis or mailer, who thought ol nothing tivated with vineyarils; fo that Mtifca- i have
lei's t!an his bufinefs ; and had I not re ditir wine is there Ibid tor two para's tlic this re.
iblv'd to leave the brute, F had lUll lain Oku, and the more ortlinary tort chea- a roor
languilliing about thote wafts, and the per, but they are both light wines, fit to where
rourle of my travels h.id been conlidera- drink at meals. Room'
bly interrupted. Saltirdity the 1 5th, we din'd at a Greek any lii
We could not fail before Friday the priefls, who gave good dinmir for
us a Fnd
-,th, becaule of the bad weather. Yet sve our money. Sunday the lath we heard honoui
came in good rime to the calUe of Na- mat's in the Grfek church, whither all the din'il >
tali.i, where we llay'd, becaule the wind chrilli,ms the country reforted.
ot At 2lft,
made the Rm run high. I was forr'd to lall, Mfinday the -ih, welail'd, being in
I conl'ul
lieaboard that night, and therefore 6V/- company four Chtatnbrrs, one Saique, and merch;]
ntnlay the 6th, in the morning, being no a LoHiira, but ours being the beft tal- day.
longer able to endure the lea-ficknefs, ler, and came lirlt
outllrip'd the others, Moiida
I would go aftioar, tho' the liiow lay to the llreight of Bab
which the others .-, thither
in the country two fpans deep. Cioing could not enter, the wind changing up- ..lui n-.it. '
betwee
to the French vice-conful, who
Ilr^litcd,
relided on thcin, ^
llructii
there, I found him a ruile unmannerly Wl- held our courl'e all night, lb th.it twcen
man, who ask'd me leveral imjiertinent Tuefday f6th, at break ot day we were thereto
queftions, and at lall carry'd inc to die in light of Facta \ whicli we entrctl, with have fi
Aga of the calUe, giving him a very mucl'i tacking, the wind being a-head of that th(
ill account of me, and telling him, I us. Going afhoar, I hir'i! two horfes countr'
fei^n'd my felf a f rif«c/!)w««, butinlhort for a piallre, to carry me in the morn- of Sbrt
cf/uid lie no other but fome friar -,
ground- ing by land to which was forty
Stirrmi, at a til
ing his conjefture u|x)n feeing nic co- miles ditlant -,

I might per-
conliikring ilrinkin
ver'd with a cloak like a friar's, beha])s I'pend much
tini by Km, beciufc the• vill,igc>
caule of the cold i fo that I was much weather was bad. A llorm blew at night, the Ft
4fraid I Ihould have been thrown into but the iiM grew J'o calm in the morning, lame,
goal. However, the Agti Ix'ing a dil- that they lent word betimes, rliey were cîs'd
'.reet maji, laid it was enough it he Jaw ready ro dep.irr. Dutch

fVed-
Chap VIT. 0/ TUR K Y 19
Weliiefdiiy thfc lytli we fee out early. Frrncb deputy. I';rliaps other nations (uMuii
would not be able to conceal their .iver- ''"'*•
tliUII.
CJoing out of the ii.irhour, I obll-rvM a
'-^^^"^
rni,<ll caiUe, with nine [licccs of cannon lion, anil behave theinlclves lo liohly.
level witli tlic water. A Buffa woulil In other refpeitts, iWi'c Er\[^liJ/j:Wi\ Dutc/j
have i)uilt anotlit-r on a I'liiall iflanil, a minillcrs are lb little regarded by the
mile didant, but death prevented him. 7urks, that they iirotnl none but 'heir
The Town of Focia is fmall, wail'd, and own country-men fas they leveral times
lias two gates, and an excellent har- rcfus'd me) knowing th.it the Turks do
bour, fit lor great lliips dole under the not value thetn. On the contr.iry, the
wall. The wind continuing lair, we French refute their protcftion to lio bo-
arriv'd :: o„..'/vi(j in the afternoon, hav! ^ dy, not even to yaiettans, who conti-
Ijn -t twenty one days in this letlious voy- nue in the Levant, when the republiek,
age •, for a (hrillian may delfroy him- and grand liignior arc at war.
Iclf, unlels Iij be armM with y&i's pa- Tuefda\ the i ^^, lx;ing the lall diy of
tience, among the Turks, who always Shrove-Tidt; about threx- hours in the night
ufe the art'ronting Naji NaJ'ci, words, there happened an earthquake, a very K.uth-
ami Giaur and a man has not always
•, frequent mistbrtune .n Smirna ; and it was '1"''-'-"'
the commanil of his palHon. This their rcpeatetl on (f-'cdwjday the a^th in the
prelliinption proceeds from their be afternoon, with the fame violence. Thurj-
ing in own
country, and fuperi-
their d>iy the 25th, I went a Ihonting among the
or in power, el'e they would not dare vineyards, where there are abundance of
to fpeak. Hieretore it is convenient, thrulhcs, and wooelcocks. Friday the
r.iii:-.ici,
•':i
111 llu' that a chrillian, as much as may lie, a- 'Oth at night, the cirthqu.ike return 'd
void going aboaril a Tiirkijh velVel ; for twice, but not lo violent. Saturday the
tho' there be more Greeks th.in 'Turks a- 27th, I paid villts to friends, and Sun-
board, yet the firll are worle than the day the iSth went out of town with other
latter, and bear the fame hatred to r-A- Europeans to take our plealure.
tholiclts , êlides tiiat in matter jf trade, Monday the firll of Alartb, I was
tluy are greater cheats, and knave* brought into the iTrongelt trouble that
than the Turks themfelves. The Annr- could poU'ibly happen to a traveller.
mans, tho' fchil-iiaticks, have not lb I was fummon'd before the French con-
great an but rather endea-
averfion ; lul,by one Brancaleoiieoi' Aneona, mar-
vour, whenfoever occalion oilers, to do ry'd to a Frotch woman, who woidil
catholitks all the lervice they can ; as pcrfwade me I was not my own tclf,
I have often nind by experience. For
I but one John Maffacueva of Mejfina.
this realbn, on Tburfilay tlvi ib'th, I took Tills Branûlcane hail rccciv*d ibmt:
a room in the Xaii of the /Irmenians, goods in the name of that Mefimefe,
where the caravan of Perfia purs up. tor which he had given an authentick
Rooms are there c'leap, but wiiiiout receipt and lie alledging, that the cii-
;
any furniture. ilom-houfe of Sinirna had fei/.'d and fold

Friilay the if)th, my friends ili,l me the them, would h.ive me cancel the iiillru-
honour to vifit me. Sitlurda) the 20th, I nient, lo like it feems was I to his creditor.
din'd with monfieur Ripera. Sunday the To undeceive him, I told him my lumc
2rft, being Sbrovf-Sunilo'i, the Outch and country ; and he not crcdittng mi%
conful treated the Dutch and Eti^h/h I writ fome lines, that he might comjwre
merchants, and they danc'd till next my hand with the Alejfneje's, and put
day. The conful did the fame on
EiifliJJj that notion out of his head.
Monday and feveral Frtmhvitni
the 2.'.d, Tuefday the 2d of March arriv'd a nu-
thither mask'd and unmask'd the war -, merous caravan from Perfia, of one
.,,1.1 /).//. between the two crowns no way ob- hundred and twenty Itately camels, load-
Il.uhitci,
. (hutting the fair correfpondence been with fine and courle lilk but the mer- -,
lib that
'
.'ij'
twctn them in a ftrange country ; and ciiants durtl not let cut with fo fmall a
|e were therefore they laid, at iea they would company for fear of robbers, which o-
ll, witii have fought and done their duty, but bli.^:,'d me
to take other meafuris my dc- •,
leaii oJ' that they ought to be friends in a ilrange fign of tr.i\ riling through Natt'ia being
1 hoHl's country. In Ihort, daring thole days ililappointcd. The iniltake of tie A»<:a-
Imorn- of Shrovc-Tule, they met together forty ne'e made good fport in Sminiti. IFedwt
tbrty ar a time, Frrncb, Engli/b-, and i)«/i A, day the ^d, a friend came in the morning
kt pcr- ilriiiking merrily in the neighbouring to acquaint me, that he itil! perlifk-d 1
jifc tlie and among

viil.iges, them tlie Ions of lliouki cancel the inlfrunient, and that
|ni}?Iit, the Frcni-h and Engltjh confuls. The there w.is no jierfw.uling liiin I was not
fame, as I mention'd before, was pra- the MeJ/lnef'e and thîrefore he would
were clis'd at ConilaiitwopU\ Ix^tween the aâin fumnioa nie before the conful,
Palch anibaffidor, and mr, Meitcr the being iatiily'd 1 ihould be imprilonVi
\Wed- if
I
8o A Voyage round the JVorld. Book 11.
OiMiii I if I did not comply wiih what he dc- aft, would do it, there being no otlm
I
CH Ar
'^4- lirM ( his wife ii.ivinggreat influctuc way lUjpe that trouble; Hrue I had
to
aljic
'-^^^''^ôver the conllil, who could not deny declar'd to liim I was a doctor of lie
tlw
him lb and the
rcifonable x requel) , civil law, and dclirM hii to call fomc .
I
more, bccaufe Ibme Uid,I was very learned leliiit 10 Hran-
ex.umine
mc.
into
like MitjfiUiieva, and cinly diHerM from iiiUoiit rcplyM, F might have ftudy'd
I
him in my voice. 'I'liis gave mc lomc
1:
finte that ouHneK happened. At length
the
trouble, and I knew not what to do not knowing how to ilccide die matter,
that
becaufe I had no protection but the con- he went out, leaving me and the Aiuo-
1 1.
ful's. Therefore on nurftlay the 4th. I nffe to wrangle, and bidiling us agree
Idi
fpoke to monfieut Riprra, to lee wii.ti aiTiung our (elves. 'I'he difpule lield
olV
method might hv. taken to undeceive the till night, the debtor contending t«.it
n.ui
Anconejf ; there being no rtafon that I, I was the .Mfjlinefi, tho' he liKird mc
got
to rid my felf ot that cncur.ibrante, talk a dill'crcnt language. At length I
gen
fhould perfonate another man, and can- told him, have none of thole writ-
'
ings you ask ot me

Turh
cel an inrtrument 1 was not conccrn'd in. for I have receiv'd
;
ficiil
He told me, he was iiis triend, and there- none fintc 1 came out of Europe \ come
open
fore he wduld not be conccrn'd in it, to my lodging and fean.h my baggage
found
and the more, becaufe he faw the con- and writings, which uei h >ps w ill con-
till)'
ful had undertaken the bufinefs. To vince yon. Taking mituMcw Ripera n-
CO VI
conclude, BrancaUone not fatisfy'd with long, and coming to my chamber, I
I
feeing my hand, fummon'd me, on Fri- open'd my trunks before them. Bran-
idth,
day the 5th, a fecond time before the con- caUone began t<.) fe.irch my baggage ami
from I
ful, perfirting that I fhould liifcharge writings whilll I Iretted, and turning
him, lie being fatisfy'd I was 'John Maf- often to him laid, Tou give me Jitcb a
my in
The conful added, tliis man fubjell to infer t in my Manufcripis, ai hat

fide w
facuiva.
becii;v
docs not demand any money ol you, but nut bappineti to me tn all my Travi'.i, nor
ing ih
only that you difcharge him, and there- perhapi hai any other -Traveller met with
m.ikiri!
fore you murt not deny fo realonable a the like. Bran(alcone antwer'd, buleedit
a lin.i
.^1 demand. I could have run my head is a mighty matter to make Jo many IVords
Cuii.ie,
againll a will, hearing them talk thus; about. Night coming on in this tedious
a fni.il
confidcring he w.is much miftaken in
: > troublefome Icurch and they having
loil|j,in;
a man he had dealt with, which is fomc- fcen icveral audientick writings feal'd,
.
fj. ble wit

whal more than a mere acquaintance, which I could not have counterfeited
Manaji
and that no writing of mine could dil- liewas at laft latiify'd, and went his
over n
charge him. The conful blufli'd fee- way, leaving me in my clumber to re-
been ve
ing mc fret, and telling him I w;u, not the flc(^l on the (trange accidents a poor
in the 1
pretended Mejjincfe ; but if he in con- traveller is fubjcift to.

built at
icience could prefs me to do fo ial/'e an
bo'.irinij
'
on it,
CHAP. VIII. At
led
the
ov
bridge.
'the /bithor'i 'Journey to Burfu, Mtropolis of Bithyiua,
the a)td the De-
Tbur,
fcription of .'bat City.
break o
of load*
BEing apprehenfive, leall Brancale- of one hundred and ten horfes and mules.
oneh mad fit iTiould return upon Every fifteen days, lUch a company goes
him, I went on Saturday night late to from Smirna to Btirfa, like the Proceeds.,
find out the Catargi, or muletier of Bur- or melTengers of Naples. We travrll'd
fa, in order to go by land to that city thirty miles, ten plain, and twenty moun-
with the firft opportunity. I hir'd two tain, to Manafin. Here we joyn'd part
horfes for my felf and fervant for fifteen of the caravan, that fet out the day be-
piaflres, paying half as much a-part for fore, and lay that night at Bungarbajei,
my equipage. Sunday the 7th, 1 endea- to wait for the other travellers.
vour'd in hafte to take leave of my Manafia is a city as large as Smirna, m^,.,, j
friends, but not of the conful, for fea: of feated at the foot of a high mountain, ciiy.
the Anconefe ; and my baggage, which The houfes are low, and of mud w.'.lls,
-^^^'
i I had left with monficur liipera, being except fome belonging to perfons of
ready on Monday the 8th, we could not iiote. There
are in it abundance of
fet out, Ijccaufe the chief of the caravan Mofgites,and on the top ot the mountain
was detain'd by fome bufinefs. an old ruin'd
cafllc, which yet was
Tuefday the 9th, we tiegan our journey commanded by a higher rock. It is
betimes, with the caravan, confifting govern'd by a. Cadi, who li allow 'd .ôq
afpers
11
ChapVIII. 0/ TURK Y. 8i
aljicrs a day by tlie graml fi-ignior, which a lew para's I gave hiin now and then. Oimh.i.i
tl\i; I'urki Id upon as grtat [)ay.
ik. The other M.i>'rjmitJi:s were alii) civil ""H'
I \c\\. oil" going by lea, bccauli- ul tlic to me, and .imoiig the rell a M'.or ot'^^'^''*^
treated me with colFee and me-
"1 ini'ok'ncy
I
ot
Dilu faro betCcT by land, found juit
ll
tiic Titrki ; and thiniving Tunis,
lons.
I he contrary, nucting with no lodging Friday the iJith, wc travelM over un-
that night but the birc ground, on which couth mountains, fullering much from
I laid my little bed, and coverM my the fnow that l.iy on t!ie ground, and
Iclt Ironi head to loot, without taking that which then tell from the clouds.
olV my boots, becaule ot the great cokL After riding twenty lour miles in eight
I kiiDwn the language, I might have
laii 1 hours, we came about noon to Curiuii-
got lodging in the city, but it was ilan- giiich, .1 finall village among the moun-
gerous parting from the caravan. The tains, where
had conveniency to red
I
Turks, who are hardy, thought it no dif- me. In the Tirkijh dominions there arc
ficult matter to lie on the ground in the not above or.i. or two towns to be n\ot
open air as they all ilid, flceping as
•, with in a days Journey and therefore i
found, as if they had been in good Beds ; travellers mud take up with the con-
tlio' they were at tiv- foot of a mountain veniency of the A'(;/.r, or car.ivanteras. 1
covcr'd with fnow. Ami here I remember that thole barba-
I walk'.l quite frozen on Ifêdnefd.is the rians ulc the words Nafe Ntijii, whicli
Kith, and having nothing to defend me fignifies to ride one's father and mother,
from the colil air, etitleavour'd to warm anil Gtaitr to mike their horles go the
mv infide with chocolate, and the out- iafter, which lame words they ule to af-
ficlewith a good fire. lit forward We front chridians whenfoever they meet
bctinie> through a plain country, b.ite- them. Provifions are not very dear on
ing three miles of mountain-way, and the road, feven eggs being told for a vJl:
miking no halt all day, but only to take para, and a hen for ten , good winter
.1 linall rcpaft, l.iy t lat night ,it the melons for two para's a-j)iece, and as
Ctoui., as the Turks call it, ot Rulam.u, much bread as will t'crvc a man a day for
a fm.ill village leated in the plain. Our the lame price.
lodging was in the caravanfera, or lia- Saturday the i :;th, we mounted be-
ble wit!- our beiils. Three miles from '..mics, and riding thirty three miles in
Mami/iii, wc rode along a caufeway made eleven over mountains cover'd
hours,
which mud nee.is have and ice, wc came to Miiidoyra,
over ni.irfhcs
been very expeniiyc, there being no Hones
•, wit!i liiow
IMlling alon^ a caufe-way of flint, three
M
poor in the country about. Yet, tho' it was miles from the Xan. Tliis place, and
built at the coft of the fultan, Lind neigh- eight fmall ones arc leated in a plain,
bouring city, do not e,\ t any toll
they enrlos'd with mountains, much like that 'iff
on it, a-i wouKl be done in other parts. of ,lpu!i.i in the kingdom of Naples, and
11!.
At the end of this caufeway, wc crof- retembles it in goo.lnefs of tiiil.
led over a large river on a wooden At on Suiidi!\ the i4t!i,

t'un-ril'ng,
bridge. we continu'd uur journey over wretched
De.
Thurfdiiy the nth, we movM before mountains, antl h.iving travelled thirty
break of day, but there being abuntlance three miles in eleven hours, came late to
of lo.ided bealh, could travel but thirty Sufcgreli, a place of few thatch'd houfes,
mules, rwo miles, or ten hours, to fpeak after near a great river, with two dately
ly goes the T/irkiJh filliion, which is the di- Xa>ii. This (lay «v.is unlucky to me, for
•ocaccis, llance to the Ciinac of Jalembi. It is daying behind to flioot, antl then put- .i':':J
ravfll'd very troublelbme travelling at fuch a ting on iny horle apace, he fell four
moun- time with Turks ; for they do not only times with me in the water, and I was
part refufe to allow their horfes any time to well waHi'd.
lay be.- reft, but even to travellers , lo that by Mon, !ayihc 15th, we held on our way
arbafci. the way, I was forc'd to make ufe of the through a plain but dirty country ; in-
pannel for a table, thole muletiers iiflng fomuch, that going about to make all
tntrna,M„„^ no fiddles. 'J'o this, was added the in- the ilay's journey without baiting, as is
untain. city. of the caravanfera, where
coiivi-iiien.'y ul'ual, many of the horlijs tir'd, lb that
w.-,!l.s, we were forced to keep company with we could ride but fifteen miles in five
ns our beads. For my part, I made my
"
of hours to the village of ///V/w;(r^w, where
cc of bed in the manger, after taking much there being no Xa>i, we were forced to
untain pains to dry it, my Anneman i'ervant lotlge in Turks houffs. As wc crofs'd the
was having fallen frotn his horfe with it in- river, the horfe that carry'd my baggage
It is to the river. But my Catfrgi had a good fell, and wet it all.
ingenious boy, who attended me as care- Tuefday the 6th, having rode fifteen
1
il'pcrs lully, as if he had been my fcrvant, for miles in li.t hours, along a dirtv wav,
» Vol. IV. Y wc
,%,
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-S)
b^l^S |2.5
1.0
110 111112.0
I.I
1.8
«
4^ ^>
/,
6
8'2 A Voyage round the World. Book IL 9 Cha
GEMELLrwe came to Lubat, where we ought to bury'd, it has as great a trade, and more
'694- Have lain tlic night before, hail it not plenty of filk, hec.uife of the vail quan-
''^.t-\ i
^"'^"^ been for the bad way
which obh'g'ii us ; tity brought out of Sana, and all the
to fend the horfes unloaded by land, caft, which is there wrought, aiui fomc
and the baggage by water againft the with gold and to trade into Eu-
filvcr
ftream, paying a zecchine for the boat. rope. On the back of it, as was laid,
Lubat city Lubat, by its walls and towers appears is mount Olympus, whence tiie river Rhiii-
to be an antient city. There has been dacus flows, which pallb Ritbynia from
a great ftone-bridge over the river, but the lefTcr A/ia, and is the grcatell of all
the Turks let it run to ruin, and go thofe that fdl into the Propontis. The
over in a ferry. Of five Jev^s that were mountain is barren at the
valfly high,
going with the caravan for Bio fa, or top, and always covcr'd with fnow ; in
Bnijfa, as the Turks pronounce it, the the middle part it abounds with pome-
tax-gatherer made one a prifoner, be- granates i and at the foot, where moft
caufe he had not tiie billet to fhew he of tliis famous city is built, there arc
had paid the head-money, or tribute, moff delicious gardens ; but is much
which is four zccchines tor a rich man, difgrac'd by the prodigious number of
two for others not fo well to pafs, and monftrous icrpcnts it breeds. The Turks
one for the poor. call this mountain Caloyeroiioron, becaule
fyednefday tlie 1 7th, we fet out in a boat of the monaficrics there are on it. Bur/a
upon the aforefaid river, which is about was the country of the famous phyfician
a quarter of a mile over, and runs out Afilepiades \ and ot Dion Prujius, call'd
of a lake or pool, through which we for his eloquence Cbryfojlomus, who left
afterwards pals'd in fight of the fmall ten books he had writ ot the virtues of
villages of Caragaci, and Bulugnat, for- Alexander the great, and eijihty orations
merly wall'd, as appears by the ruins. in Greek.
After fix hours, in which time we run This city, which for its baths may
twenty four miles, we landed near the be call'd cue Pozziwlo of Bilbyr.ia, as to
village of Nacilar, where the muletiers its plan ii iricgular, and a meer confu-
cxpecl:ed us. Loading the horfes, we ad- fion of buildings -, tor being li-ated eail-
vanced fix miles further in two hours, ward at the loot of two mountains,
and at the Cunac of Hajfun-Aga-
rcfted making a figure like an arm b-nt, pare
cbioy, where we found no Xan, but a of it ftands higli, part in tfie vale, and
fmall flable, all on a floor, too little part on cliffs. On a high rock apj)ears
to contain all the men and beafts, and the grand feignior's palace, where the
yet we were not above twenty perfons, Ottomans refided a long time, enclos'd
mod of the company having left us at with a good double wall, with towers
Sujigreli, to go to Sardac, and thence to at proper dillances ; but all goes to
GallipoU, and fo to Ailriaiioplc. The great ruin, through the carelefnefs of the Ttirks.
Xan was at Taatalc, two hours journey Another part of the city Hands on the
further. fide, and at the foot of another high
Bur/.t c'lj Tbtoftlay the 18th, we fet out again mountain, or rather an arm of that be-
before day, and riding eighteen miles in fore mcntioi ed, which over-tops the caftle,
fix hours, came to Bur/a or Prufa. This and has a curious profpeiff of the coun-
city feated in 41 degrees, 40 minutes try, planted with vines for feveral miles
latitude, is foot of the moun-
at the about, and adorn'd with pleafant gar-
tain Olympus, whicii the Turks call Gef- dens, and populous villages; fo that in
chifdag, or Refihifdag and Ana-Tolay- fummer the gentry and citizens go over
ilag. Some fay it was built by Hanni- to divert themfelves at Bagarbafci, wliicli
bal, after the vidlory obtain'd by the is a great plain watcr'd by a plentiful
Romans over Antioclms ; others by king fpring of good water, running down from
Prti/ias, in the year of the world 3279, the mountain to fupply feveral quarters
and that it was the court of the antient of the city.
kings of Bilhynia, before it was fubdu'd Continuing to take a view of the parts
by Orcanes the II. Ottoman emperor, in of this noble city, and to .begin at the
the year 1300. It was firfl a bifliop's caftle, or feraglio, I faw firll the quarter
fee, and afterwards a metropolis, which of the Je-ws, at the end whereof on the
honours it did not lofe when it fell under fame fide of the mountain, I found a
the barbarian yoke, for it was the Ot- good Bifciften, an cndos'd coverM place,
toman court, before they took Conftan- or exchange, where they fell rich com-
tinoph \ and rightly confider'd is nothing modities, and better Serfcis, or Bazun^
inferior to it •, for befides that feveral with rich fhop? \ and goinij on, law fe-
fultans have refided in it, and many veral iVcets of all torts of handicrafts,
princes of the Otttmau family arc there and all very populous. I'he houks and
ftrccts
M
•Vi
Book II 1 Chap. VIII. 0/ TURK Y. 83
ftreets of this city are very gooJ, confi- the ground. The ftniclure of this is not^-^f^FLu
dcring they are in Turky, anil better than fo beautiful as tli.u of the great one, "'n
tliole of Sminia, than which it is bigger, whi<h is all pav'd with m.irble of fevt-^'''^'"^
but I believe not better peopled. ral colours.
Nobli-
Having laid up my baggage in the I mounted a very
Thence deep af-
XitH of Efcbtengi, I took a Jew to fliew cent to fee the fer.iglio, wUkh Tuv^mu'r
me the city, but as we were going to reckons among the belf, next to tliofc
the callle, he was fent to goal by the of Conjlanlinople antl /Llrianople. I found
tax-gatlierer for the tribute ; fo that it an ordinary palace very ill built, an^l
I was forc'd to get another, who led all gone to ruin ; for they told me the
mc to the fo much fmi'd baths, half an fultans had not come to it for thirty five
hours walk from the city. Going in- years pad ; only Mahomet IV. h.iving
to tlic firfl, call'd in the Turkijh lan- been there at the beginning of hi; reign.
guage CajUgia, a hot
wliich fignifics Formerly, as has been (aid, Rurfit was
place, I found in the firlt room, which the fettled abode of the fultans, and
had two cupola's, a good fountain of therefore there are five tombs of th.em
cool water ; here they ftrip, there be- bury'd in the Mofque of ^murat Beg, and
ing Soffa's round about to fit, and lay the three others of fultanellcs and their chil-
doaths on. There are two doors out dren, after the lame model as thofe of
of it to the bath. On the left is a room Adriamfli' antl Coiijlanlinople, but not fo
to lie in, for fuch as will (lay all night, rich in marble.
and other convenient places with hot Friday the 19th, the Jew led me three
fountains, and a cold one. Still iurtlier miles from the city towards MoNtiigna,
on there is another room, tlie roof to the bath of Efibi-Capligia, or the" old
whereof is like the otlicrs, cover'd wicli bath, where is the third mineral water
a cupola, with vent-holes lor the heat dill'erent from the other two, and good
to evaporate, with a fountain in the for aches, and other dillempers. Go-
middle, and three little ones hike warm ing in, there is a large room with two
on the fides. Furtlier fbill on the right cupola's, and a fountain in the middle,
is a very little room with three other as at the other baths ; ;ind paffing tho-
fprings of and two on the left.
water, rough it into ancihr room,
the midfl of in
"I'hencc they go into the bath, which is it is a fountain of cold water, and two
round, cover'd with a cupola full of on the fides, of hot. Within that is the
vent-holes, and feven fp.:ns deep, two place where they bath, pav'd with mar-
pair of flairs to go down into it, and ble, and fix deep, with five large
f|)ans
about it feven fprings cf hot water. conduits of hot water about it. This
When I went there were many Turks yields but little profit, bcraufe many go
who fwam, wafli'd, and fhav'd them- in for nothing ; but the great one of
felves. When I had wafh'd, and had my Caftigiu, the giand feignior farms out
back rubb'd with a woollen-cloth, not for eight hundreil piadres a year ; and a
bcin^ able to endure the heat, I went lord on whom the faltan has bedow'd it,
out, and was fluv'd by a Jiirk in the makes a confiderable revenue of the o-
The
%^
fecond room. This water comes lb ther. mineral waters run out of
hot from the mountain, that it foon the bath of Lfibi-Caf'ig/ui, into ano-
boils an egg, antl were it not temper'd ther little bath in the village of Cicheric,
with other cold water, no man would for the fervice of the inhabitants.
bring his skin out of it. The women's After ilinner, I went to Bugarbafci,
bath is a-part, but near the men's ; on to fee the Dervifcs turn round, the Jew
Mondays the w omen come into the men's that h.ad been apprehendcil by the tax-
bath, and the men may go to the wo- gatherer, going with me. This mad
mens. A
flones throw from it is an- devotion w.is perform'd in a good room,
other bath call'd Chiuchiurtli, or the after the fame manner as was defcrib'd
fweating-place, and its water is very at ConJlanlino/'/e and Adrianople ; only
different from that of the others, being with this ilitVercncc, that here they take
good agai[i(l old aches. I went into but three turns, omitting the fourth in
juartcr the firft room, and found it like the o- which the fuperior fliould dance.
on the thers, with a fountain of cold water, In my way back to the Xa)i, I went mrH-iî.mt
ouml A and places to fit. I went thence into a to fee the Mcfque of Uli-gtitmi, that is, mol'i"'^-
plue, room, about which there were fix foun- the great one. There is this fingular in
com- tains of water intolerably hot, and as it, that in the middle of it there is a great
jzjn, many in another dark room whence I •, fountain encompafs'd with bannider« ;
iw ie- went very hot into the fweating-place, they fay it is very antient, and built by
icralts, where there is a fpring of fcalding wa- the fird fultan that came to Burfa.
lis and ter, a fick man lay there fweating on
ftrects To
8+ A Voyage round the World. Book II.
Gemflli To return to the city, it is govern'd morning it is cover'd with fogs rifing
^' by a Molli, or Cadi, who is chang'd eve-
' from tliem. Frovifions are not dear,
tv-\-s;.'ry year ; but a Baffa has the command for there is plenty of good flcfh, bread,
h(
of the country, and muft not refide in fifh, and excellent fruit, whereof I
rare at fuch a time

m
Btirfa. Its not very wholelome,
air is eat much, and that ed
as being feated at the foot of high moun- of the year, and good frefh grapes,
th(
tains cover'd with fnow, and near to melons, apples, chefnuts, hazlenuts, and
morafles and waters, fo that every the like.
CHAP. IX.
The Autkri Return to Conftantinoplc.
IfLIf Mm,tgna Âturda-j the 2oth, I fet out for Mon- of the three oars, which were but flow-
toivn.
\j and arriv'd there three hours
ligiia, ly ply'd, we came about noon to Carli,
before night, having traveli'd eighteen a fmall town on the fhore of the itreight,
miles of dirty way. This town is feat- thirty miles from the place we left la/l.
ed part on the hill, and part in the plain, I cannot compare the lovely hair of the
on the Ihore of a bay made there by the Greek v/omen in this place, to any I
ftreight, thirty miles in compafs. The have feen in lb many countries I have
houfes for the moft part are low ; I lodg'd traveli'd through. When loofe, fpcak-
in a large and ftately Xan, which has ing modeflly, it hangs down to their
good rooms, and a fountain in the mid- heels, and when m.uTe up into large
dle of it, and over it a gallery cover'd treiTes, to their mid-leg brt their flices -,
with boards, whither the 7urks rcfort to are not aniwerable to the ornament
pray five times a day. of their heads, for they are not beau-
Sunday the 21ft, two Caichs, which tiful.
are fmall barks with three oars, being Tuefday the 23d, we lay flill becaufe of
ready to fet out, I embark'd for Con/lan- the bad weather, and had an ill night,
tiitople, and tho' it was cuftomary to there being no Xan. fVednefday the 24th,
fearch goods, yet mine were not open'd, we went aboard in the evening, and
I producing the Tbefchere, or b'llct of the fail'd all night with a fair frefh gale,
cuftom-houfe of /llexandria. One of which made the fea run ib high, that it
thofe Tuikijh Saiilone's, whom they call wet us and our baggnge.
Den'ices, went aboard with me ; he When I expeded on Thurfday the 25th,
was not one of thofe that live retir'd in the morning to be at Canftantinople,
in community, bur rather a vagabond I found my felf after a run of forty

knave, that made fhew of an auftere miles, on the fhore of Romelia, four
.,n!i
life to cheat the world. He was co- hours journey from ConjlaiUinofle, and
ver'd from the navel upwards with two the wind being againfl us, we landed
flieep-skins, and downwards with other near a mill. Some Turks went away a-
skins put together like a petticoat. On foot, but I llay'd all night becauie of
his head he wore a white cap, with my baggage, and lay in the mill, the
long firings ravell'd at the ends about noile and coolnefs of the water invi-
his neck ; about his wafte hung feve- ting me to fleep. Friday the 26th, per-
ral pieces of marble, and about his right ceiving all the Turks were reiblv'd to go,
arm a clofe bracelet of the fame. In fonie by land and fome by Sea to Coir
his hand he carry'd a wand, with a piece ftanliiiople, and our Rais having no de-
of ivory at the end like a law, to fcratch fign to go that tide, I thought fit to go
his b.ack where he could not reach with too, and leaving my man to look to my
his hand ; :is alio a tiiick club, and a equipage, went aboard a little boat,
horn hanging by his fide, to blow up- which in feven hours, the wind being
on occafion ; a habit fo ridiculous and contrary, carry'd me 10 Galata ; ob-
extravagant, tliat it dtferv'd to be paint- ferving as we ran along the ilreight,
ed. Having run thirty miles, we came that a great part of the wall is fallen,
to the village of Boiborza, at the point and the Turks no care to repair it.
tak-.-
of tiie bay made by the ftreight, where Saturday the 27th, 1 thought to return '.o
the wind being contrary, we were forced the bark for my baggage, that it might
to flay. not be carry'd to the cullom-houle. I
Monday the 2 2d, leaving the hard bed was difiippointeil, for going in a vefTcl
we had on the fandy ihore, we went call'd a Caich to meet it, Ifound it at
aboard four hours before day, with the point of the leraglio ; and defiring
but little wind, fo that with the help the Rats to deliver me mv equipage, he
laid
Chap. IX. 0/ TURK Y. 8$
faid he could not do it, becaufe he was to -omplain, but only ask whether any Gemelh
in fightof the cullom-houfc. Turks were to be in it j he told me not, '^94-
Sunday the 28th, I went to ihe cuftom- and that only I, and five Papa's Ihould go'-'''"*'"^
houfe with monfieur Menir, and with in it ; and this, becaufe the Turks will ra-
much difficulty the cuftomcr condefcend- ther be cxpos'd to the rain, than pay above
ed to take fingle duties, pretending to the common rate of a piaftre 1 and thus,
the double, without re^rding the 1'af- withoi bein^ oblig'd to the fathers, I had
:
chare ot Alexandria, faying it was a fepa- a place in their cabbin for fix piaftres, and
ratckingdom, where the cuftom-houfe, my man's pafTage befides.
like thofeof Aleppo and Se-jde, is by the The caftles before-mentioned, fcated^'*'!'''-
grand feignior aflign'd over to the Bajfa*i where the flreight is but a mile over, one
that govern. of them in Europe, which has four (inall
Notwithftanding the Turkijh officer's towers at the angles, and otiiers at the
prohibition, I went over to ComJantino- middle of the curtain, with fmall pieces
fleon Mo»da\ the 29th. There I founil of cannon on them ; the other in A/ia,
a galley reaciy to depart, to carry over which has five fmall towers, befides others
into Afta, a Baffa thaf. was gîig to bigger at the curtains. In both thefc ca-
Mecca, to vifit tlut Mahometan place ftles, there are only a few dwellings for
of devotion. He went in a t, 'umphant foldiers.

manner, his fervants carrying clubs a- Near them, the current fets fo hard to-
dorn'd with myrtle, and a fort of rich towards the white fea, that fmall barks
turbant, beautiful for its variety of co- cannot ftem it, unlels drawn with ropes
lours i others had feathers of fcveral from the fhoar ; the other current is a
forts at their javelin heads, wiiich they mile from this towards Conftantinoplc, and
told mewas a preparation to that deon both fides of it there are little cottages,
votion. Having obferv'd this novelty and a ruin'd light-houfe.
in my way, I went near St. S-iplr.a, to Tuffday the 30th, I carry'd my equi-
fee two pillars of white marhie, which I page in a boat aboard the Saique, having
was told were in the houfes of two Turks. paid the cuftomer his due, who farms aU
I found one of them had a curious the cuftoms of the Ottoman empire, ex-
wrought capital, the other had none, it cept thofe of Caire, Aleppo, and Seyde,
being purpofely cut off to enclofe it in tor 1 500 purfes of 500 ducats each. I had
the wall i they faid they were of cqu;il the profpcft of the ftreight over again,
height, which, as near as I can guefs, is pleafing my eyes on the fide of Europe,
forty fpans, and fixtecn in thicknefs; with the fight of Galata, Toppana, Bif-
they could give me no ether account of citafci, Orla-cbioy, Crey-Jafmy, and Ar-
them. Between the two columns is a lit- naut ; and on the Afian fiioar, the deli-
tle ftreet twenty fpans wide. Having fa- cious Scularet, Etifcongiu, EJlauros, Ciiig-
tisfy'd my curiofuy, I made hafte home hil-cray,and Elijfar. Having left my Bag-
for fear of the Turks. gage aboard, I return'd home to order
I came fr m
Smirna, with a defign to other matters for my voyage.
imbark for Trabezond on the black fea, tFednefday the 31ft, for want of other
with fomc French Je/uits, that go thence bufinels I went again to fee the empe-
to their milTions, being fatisfy'a I could ror Marcian's pillar, to obferve where
not do amifs in their company, they thofe two Latin verfes, tranfcrib'd by
taking the fhorteft way, the moft fru- monfieur Spon might be ; fince the Cui-
gal and fafeft from robbers, to go into macan being depos'd, I might be fafer
Perjia. Finding therefore at my com- in Conjlantinople. I went to Saraviara,
ing, that fome of them had agreed for which is much lower than C:-jada Bafii ;
their pafTage, together with a Dominican, and going into the ruin'd houfe of a
aboard a Saiatie belonging to a Greek, I Turk, law the pillar again. Viewing it
would not flip the opportunity ; but now on all fides with lefs fear, I could m
taking boat after dinner, went ten miles read no fuch verfes, but only liiw four
off to the caftles where the Saique lay birds like eagles, cut on the four an-
to fecure my pafiage. The four French gles of the capital ; and on the pede-
fathers and the Dominican had hir'd a ftalnext the bath, two angels carv'd,
cabbin for twenty fivepiaftres, and I of- fupporting a plain fliield or efcutchcon,
fering them to pay my mare, they refus'd, over which there were three verfes, fo
becaufe they would be more at their cafe. defac'd by time, that there was no know-
Therefore applying my felf to the Rais, ins the characters, much lefs reading
I ask'd him what place he had for me of them ; fo that mounfieur Spon could
aboard, to fee whether it were conve- never read them for thefe hundred years
nient. He led me into the father's cab- [)aft i befides that they look'd more
bin, which being good, I had no caule ike Greek than La.'in characters. On the
Vol. IV. Z other
8(5 A Voyage round the World, Book II. Cha
Gemilm other three fides, there were three efcut- the fleet ; who going to the captain B.tjfa,
'694- cheons or fliields, like that Fortune is when he return'd, fent me away witii
^•^"^^"^ who
painted with. Returning home, I pafs'd an officer, in purfuance to the or-
h the mint, where I faw money coin'd. der he had receiv'd, carry'd mc to the
Cavacb ^'''urfjay the firft of /Ipril, being a flaves bath, and dcliver'd me to the
feiaglio. fair day, 1 hir'd a boat, and pafs'd over foaler, by order of the captiiin BaJJa.
into yîa, by the upper-part of the end was with much dread, confuler-
feiz'd
of the great fcraglio, to divert my felf ing my felf to be taken up as a fpie, by
at the feraglio of Cavacb, Ijelonging to a barbarous people^ who have no com-
the grand feignior, oppofite to that in pafTion, nor will hear realbn, but grourul K
Europe. I found all fliut, but from with- all their adlions on conceit. When I
out, faw four apartments, after the ea- came to the bath, I would have f|xjke h:
ftern manner, all built feveral, and an to a Jew, that he might acquaint mon-
iron gate to them. There are odicr ftru- fuûr Mener with my imprifonment ; but
ftures at the angles, and all the garden the Turk call'd out, and threw Hones
is enclos'd with good walls, and has ex- after him, lb that the Jew fled and skip-
cellent rows of cyprefs, fir, beech, and ped like a doe. The firft tiling the
many fruit-trees. barbarous goaler did was to fearch me,
Caltedin. The feraglio being near CaUedon, I whether I was circumcis'd, and perceiv-
went again to obferve fome remains of ing I was not, began to threaten without
it, but could not find, as I had been examining me. Finding I was no Vene-
told, the church Handing, in which the tia», but went out of meer curiofity to
council was held. Returning iiome, op- fee the galliots, and hulls of galleafles,
pofite to LeaitJer's tower, I faw another with a great number of people, he was
feraglio, inhabited by fultan Mabomel's not fatisfy'd, but fearch'd whether I had
(laughter. It is larger than that of Ca- any writings about me 1 finding none,
vacb, but not fo pleafant. becaufe I was always fo cautious as to
Friday the 2d of ylpril, being the feaft leave them at home, when I went to fu-
of my laint, I perform'd my devotions, fpicious places, he began to execute
aiid after dinner, out of meer curiofity what further orders he had receiv'd from
to fee twenty four brigantines of twenty the captain BaJfa. He made me pull
eight oars each, and fix galliots of forty off" fliooesand (lockings, and lift up my
two and forty four, defign'd to ferve a- feet, in order to be baftinado'd, two
gainft the emperor in Hungary, I run flaves holding the cudgels in their hands,
'^t. my felf into the difmal accident I am whilft two others held up my feet. But
now to an account of
give Land- I ftill perfifting in the fame ftory, and
ing at the Darfena, I faw that fmall fleet, giving him a
particular account of all
well m;in'd with fiilors, and b'ooo fol my and the captain Bajpt's or-
travels,
diers, being to pafs through the ftreight ders being only to fearch me, without
into the black fea, and thence into the proceeding to baftinadoing, he let me
Danube, to fight the enemy. Having down, but fearch'd all my cloaths over
for a long time view'd thele veflels, my again for writings, becaufc they faid,
ill fate guided me to obferve the hulks I was drawing the ftcin of a vefTel in a
of two galeafles, which having been be- pocket-book ; and it was well for me,
gun feveral years fince, are yet unfi- that I had left all my manufcripts at
nifh'd, body working upon them.
no home ; fo that he only found a fmall
Defigning to go fome fteps forward, af- letter, a Frenchman had given me to
ter a great number of people, I heard carry to Ifpahan ; for I had hid my
a Turk that was upon the guard call watch and twenty zecchines, which if
me. I return'd no anfwer, but went on ; the Turk had found, he would never
but he overtook and carry 'd me to have reftor'd. After thcfe fearchcs, he
the barrack of a French rcnegado cap- clap'd a heavy chain of fourteen links on
tain. He ask'd mc feveral queftions, my left foot \ then he led me to the
belief.
and enquiring at laft whither I' was go- cotfee-houfe, and thence to an ylrmeui-
ing, I told nim to look for a friend. an bakers, who feeing me lie at night
This did not clear mc ; but carrying me upon a bare board, had the charity to
before the commander Mouco Morlo, they give me But a thou-
a lack to cover me.
altogether began to put feveral queftions fand thoughts between hope and fear
concerning my friend, as to his name and difturb'd mc more than the hardnefs rf
quality and tho' my anfwers were fitis-
•,
the board, and yet thefe were lefs trou-
fadory, they led me before the captain blefome than the and unplcifint
nolle
Bajfa, where I waited half an hour be- finging of tlic h.ikers, and tlii" biiing of
fore I could fpeak to him. At lad they the vermin lii.ir pl.acc fw.irm'J with. I
fent word to the proveditor-gencral of continu'd there but two nights, becaufe
the
Book II. IChap. X. 0/ TURK Y. 87
the Turk who wis overfeer, complain'd deputies of the Frtncb nation, who byGFMttif
''^^+
that I walicM in my flioocs on the bread- the interpreter Bruneti, reprefented that
'^''*"^''*^
boards, which made them remove me I was no yeuetian, hor any fufpeêd per-
to another place, where the bread was fon, but of their country, and well known,
deliver'd out. Flere a Polander laid me Bruneti led me from the prifon to the
a quilt on the boards, giving me for a captain Baffa and provcditor-gencral,
pillow, a cloak of his, fo well ftotk'd and fpoke to them for me. Being de-
with vermin, that I caus'd it to be liver'd out of that dreadful goal, where
wafliM the next night to make ufe of there was a hellifli noife, made by the
it, or elle I had been better plcas'd to chains of 1000 flaves, who went at break
lay my head on a flint. Tho' the turki of day to work upon the fliips anil
had forbid me talking, or writing, I fo galleys, I went to dine with John and
order'd it on Saturday the 3d, that I fcnt David Mener, and the wife of the lat-
an account of my imprifonment to mon- ter, and then without lofng one mo-
fieur Mener. He went immediately to ment of time, hafted away to find the
the captain Bajfa to procure my liber- Rats or mafter of a Saique, bound for
ty, but finding him bufy about letting Trabezond, and agreed for a cabbin by
out the little fleet, could not fuccecd : my fclf for four piafhes. TJic Jefiiits,
yet he came to the bath, to get an or- who did not like I fliould go in their
der from me to the Rats or mafter of cabbin, were alfo forcM to t.ike an-
the Saique, to deliver my equipage to the other vcft'l i for beiitg unwilling to lie
Jefuits, to keep for me at 7rabezond, two nights at kA aboard the Saique,
becaufe his fervant came not in time to where mine and their baggage was, they
the calllcs to have it loaded and carry 'd flaid in theirmonaftery, expelling to be
to his houfc, when I was taken up, but call'd when was ready to fiil ; which
it
the Rats was gone. they alfo pcrfuaded ine to do, and this
Sunday the 4th, two Jejuif. came to was the caufe of my imprifonment. When
fliy mafs in the bath to all the prifoncrs, the weather was calm, the clerk came
and the f.ithcr fuperior exprefs'd much lioneflly, but it requiring feme time to
concern for my misfortune. Monday the go fix miles, and the fathers making
5th, I about the bath, difcour-
w.ilk'd (ome delay, when they came to the ca-
fing with fome captains of privateers fe- tlles, they found the Saique was gone
cur'd there, the fultan refufing to hear with the baggage. Thus, being now the
of any ranlome every one with fighs
•, fecond time danger, never to fee my
in
told me his misfortunes, antl how the cquip.ige again,I let out in quefl of it -,
Ottoman minifters would not give car to and the fathers dkl the fimc with the
what they propos'd. clerk, aboard another Saique. All thele
Tiicfday the 6th before noon, my chain difallcrs befol me in pafTion week and
without was knock'd oft", and I fct at liberty, at certainly I never had one fo lamentable
le let me the requefl: of Grimnn ami Fabri, the and difmal.
oaths oTcr
they fail!,
c :i A p. X.
vclFel in a
for me, T'he Religion, Manners, Government Civil and Military, Revenues, Habit, Coin^
fcripts at
Fruit, Temperature^ and Border of the Ottoman Empire.
a fmall
me to
hid
which if
my ALL my tnivels hitherto having
been thorough the Turkijh domi-
ful
the
prophet, fent by God, to teach men
way of falvation ; for which reafon
nions, it will be convenient before we the Mahometans call thcmfelves Mttfful-
id never
rchcs, he
le;ive them, to give a fliort account of mans ; that is, chofen for God, or fav'd.
linlis on their religion. They allow of the decalogue, or ten
to the
They believe in one only God, and commandments, and are oblig'd by the
belief. one only pcrfon, who has created hea- Alcoran to keep them.
ylnnem-
ven and earth and who will punilh tlie
•, Their feftival day is Friday, .is â«- Their
at night fc
wicked, and reward the vertuous, ha- day is among chriftians ; but they do lUval.
larity to
ving made hell for the former, and hea- not keep it fo religioufly, every man la-
Jt a thou-
ven for the latter. That the blifs of this bouring at his trade ; tho' at noon they
and fear
heaven confifts in enjoying fine women, all refortto the Mofques to pray, more
rdnefs r.f
yet fo as not to go beyond kiffing and than on other days. They are oblig'd to
','fs troii-
unbracing ami in being fatiated wirii
-,
pray five times a day, thatisatfun-rifing,
nplcMliint
moft exquifite meats, which will produce at noon, between noon and fun-ict, which
iiiiig of
no excrements. they call Lazaro, at fun-fet, and an hour
with. I
becaufe
They believe Mahomet is a wonder- after night.
the
They
88 A Voyage round the World. Book II. w Cha
GiMtLLi They keep a months faft from the They have alfo another fort of vaga- R""'!"!.-
men, """
'994-
new-moon of April, till the next ncw- bond religious cali'd alfo dervices,
Jj^^V'moon, which they call Ramadan, faying who are clad like madmen, and fome-
fill. the Alcoran dcfcended from heaven at times go naked, and fome of them flafli
that time. During this time, thcv do not their flelh in feveral parts of thtir body.
eat, nor drink in t e day-time \ but they Thus they arc look'd upon as f.iints, and
fee up all the night, fpending it in eating live upon alms, which no body rcfules
fi(h and flclh, like ravenous wolves ex- •, them. Thefe men may take up and mar-
cepting only fwinesflcfh, and wine forbid- ry when they pleafc.
den by their law. They do not believe that Jefus Cbrift Bclicr of
Bdirjm After this faft, they have the feaft of is Gou, or the fon of God, nor in the 'he 1"it,
Cill.
the Great Bairam (like Eajler amc/ng chri- moft bleficil trinity, but only fay that rll
ftians) which they celebrate with pub- Jefus Cbrift is a great prophet, born of
lick rejoycing. They are alfo oblig'd lioly Mary, who was a virgin before
at the beginning of every year, to give and after her delivery, and that he was
to the poor the tenth part of all they concciv'd by infpiration, or by a divine
have got the precedent year ; whicn breath, without a father, as Adam was
their avarice makes them unwilling to created without a mother. That he was
obferve. not crucify'd, but that God took him
They are very vain in building mofoues up to him into heaven, in order to fend
and hofpitals, and believe, that when him back upon earth, before the end of
they have well wadi'd their bodies, mut- the world, to confirm the law of Maho-
tering fome certain prayers fit for that met, and that the Jews thinking to cru-
purpole, their foulsremain clean from cify Jefus Chrift, crucify'd another that
any filth of fin -, which makes them bath was like him.
often, efpecially before they pray. They pray for the de.id •, invoke their
Circumci' They ufecircumcifion, which they per- faints, to wiom they pay great honour;
fion. form, when their fons are feven or eight but believe not in purgatory, and many
years of age, and can diftinftly fpeak of them think that the fouls and bodies
thefe words in the Turkijh tongue. There remain together, till the great day of
is hut one only God; Mahomet is his judgment.
only prophetand apoftle i and this 'k The Turks have a great refpeft for
profelTion of faith. But there i the city of Jerufalem, as the place where
mention of circumcifion throug : many prophets were born but that is •,
whole Alcoran, they fay, they u.. ic in extraordinary which they pay to Mecca,
imitation of Abraham, whofe law is re- where their falfe prophet Mahomet was
commended to them by Mahomet. They born, and to Medina, where he was bu-
believe the Alcoran was brought to Ma- ry 'd ; for which reafon they call it a
homet at fevcral times to the cities oi Me- holy land, and perform many pilgrima-
dina and Mecca, becaufe the Jews and ges to it.
Chrijlians had corrupted the holy fcrip- They ufe no bells in their mofques as
ture and divine law. has been faid elfewhcre •, but at the
Mairimo- The Mahometans are allow'd to have hour of prayi. the priefts go up to the
•
four marry'd wives at once, and as ma- top of the towers, at the angles of the
ny concubines as they can keep ; but mofques, and call the people with loud
they difmifs thelc wives when they
may cries. It is alfo forbid them to difpute
pleafe,only paying what was agreed on about religion, and if they are oblig'd by
in the matrimonial contract, that they any body to anfwer, they muft do it
may marry again at pleafure. Tlie wo- with their weapons, and not with their
men before they marry again, are obli- tongues.
ged to ftay till it appears they are not As for their manners they are altogc- Their
with child i that is, four months, and ther barbarous, rude, haughty above any ""H""'
widows ten nights more. The husbands other nation, deceitful, given to lazi-^J"
are oblig'd to keep the children they nefs, covetous, ignorant, and enemies to
have by their flaves and wives, they be- chriftianity. Nor is their government any
ing counted equally ligitimate. He
all better than their manners, for their tri-
who has put away one woman three als are very ftiort, and fubjeift to the
times, may not mary her again, unlefs corruption of falfe witnefTes ; caufcs be-
another marry her firft, and be divorc'd ing carry'd by thofe that give moft,
from her. not by them that have moft right
Publiclc
They have mofques, colleges, and hof- and this becaufe all imploymencs in the
llruftures.
pitals with good revenues, as alfo mona- Ottoman empire being venal, .ill mini-
of dervices, who are religious men,
ftcries fters make it their bufinefs to mb, and
who lead an exemplar life, under obe- opprefs the people, to repay the great
dience to their fuperior. fums
B«oK II.
Ichap. X. 0/ TUR K Y. 89
of vaga-
dcrvices,
Rf'ii'i"!.!
"""
i fums of money they have taken up at d.iri; not gise a third, but I'y fo preci- <-'|'-imi.i
exieflWe intcrell ol the 7c«.J, axvX re- pit.itily th.it no autliority ot olikers can ""'•
111 fomc-
iinburle tlie vail have Iwcn
expcnce tliey Hop tliem.
tv'VÔ
)cm llafli
But were ihe laws oljfervM, they It is h.ird to give in account of the Revenue,
at.
c-ir body, would apjiear at^reeabie to thofe of na- great 7'tt;/<''s yearly revenues, btJ.iuU' tliey
incii, and ture fc)r among criminah tliey conJemn ariling out of many kingdoms in /Ijia,
i
ly rcfulcs
a thiet to be iiang'ii murderer to be i a f.iirope, and out of the
/Ifii.k, as alii)
and mar- fpoils of the wretched llijfa'',, anti other
beheaded an otfender in matter of re-
•,
liti;ion to be burnt a traitor to be •, minifters of the empire, are not always

fus Chrijl Bclicr of
dr.u'j^'d at a iiorle's tail, and then im- the fime. i'.vdy ni.in tiiar obtains em-
,in
or in the the Jtrii,
])alM i and it a man has cut olF an- ployment w (jbligM to mike the empe-
Hiy that
orher's limb, or maimM him, he is as ror a gre.it prelent ; as for inltanie, the
, born of our civil law direcls to fuller the fime Biijpi of Grand Caire cannot give lels
II before penalties. I'erlhns convided of perjury than iiilt a million lor that poll, and as
t he was an- led through the city in their (liirtson much lo the chief Sulti)ia\,
Mufti, tlie
a divine alTes, wi'li their faces to the tail, winch Clrnnd rizirt; Camacnn, and other |>er-
Uiim was tli^-y holil in their hands tiieir faces Ibns in tav(jur, who arc to protect him.
at he was d.uib'd, and on their Ihoulclcrs a parcel II he has not thi. .lin ol momy of his
Qok him of guts, and other ftinking garbage ; own, he rnull borr()w it ot friends, 01
r to fend then they are burnt on the cheeks and of the Jevjs at Cent. /•,» CV«/. interell.
ic end of forehead, and arc incapable of ever being Nor is the fultan tatisfy'd with wh.it he
)f Mabo- wirnelies again. receives at firll of the li.ifu ; but when
; to cru- Their executions are fpeedy , for in he has debts, and bei;ifis»to grow
p.iid his
thcr that criminal cale-., every CaM, tho' but of rich, he (ends him by a melllngcr .1 pre-
a liitle vill.i!.^!-, h.is no fuperior to whom fent ot a veil, a I'worii and a d.igger,
oke their there lies any apjx .il ; but if he is not a which the receiver is to return with ten
honour -,
lawyer by proklli(jn, the aiTelTor mufl times the value, and if he does it nor,
ind many I'ublcribe to the fentencc before it can be another fital one is lent him, conlilting
id bodies he were one of tiie prime of a battle ax, or fword, a token that he
executed, tiio'
t day of Hajf,i\ of the emjiire. ftands not well in the emperor's favour,
In civil caules, both parties being iicard, and that if he does not endeavour to ap-
fpeft for and the witnelTes brielly examin'il, and peale him, he will Ibon lofe his head ; a
ice where writings proihic'd, they are oblig'd to barbarous policy pradis'd by the Otto-
It that is
decide all controverfies without (i:lay. man princes, to make themleU-es re-
> Mecca, Matrimonial contracts are made before fpected, by fucking the very blood -^f
omet was the Cadi,who often judges of tiie vali- their lubjc'ls.
was bu« dity, or nullity of matrimony for ns •, It is not only thele, to appear inre,
call it a has been (aiil elfewlierc, the Mal.KrK-lar.s free gifts, that help to fill tlie luhan's
)ilgrima- do not dillinguidi between religious and coffers, l)ut wlien the ffeijfa's, or other
fecular caulli, and paf> thenililvcs iinlit- minifters die, they owning they hold all
fercntiy from ecclefiallical to fecular em- they have of hi. bounty, he fei/esal! their
ployments, and the contrary. But ava- goods, and becoiiK > fole heir, tho' the
rice makes the M(////^ /www- judges utter children arc born of iiis own lifter. It
ftrangers to reali)n and juftice ; which is were nothing it he ll.iyM tillthey dy'd a
the caufe that the laws feldom take place ; natural de.it'i -, but the worft of it is,
and if feveral chrillians, whom they hate, that Icarcc a year pities, but he takes oil"
fliouldhappen to kill a ?«;/(, when one the of t'omc that think tliemlelves
lie,uls
of them is exec uted, the reft buy their much in his favour, and this on very (light
pardon of the judge and kindred ot the occafions, or perhaps only to fecure their
deail man to whom it belongs to execute wealth. Befides tins, all the lubjeas of
altOgC- Their the Rvuence. that vaft monarchy p.iy three in the I
hun-
love any •">'""" Tlie who are the ftrength dred of
"J amzarit's , all they have ; not to Ipe.ik of
ot thiir armies, are arm'd with muskets the duties and impofit ions for taking pof-
Imics to and fiimiters. The .S'/ifl/j/j or horfe carry fetlion ot their inheritance;. And were
:nt any bows and arrows, fworils and piftols. there nothing elfe to fliew for it, we have
lieir tri- The /Ifian foldiers have launces, axes, a fufficient argument of the vaft wealth
to the and javelins. They make ufe of cannon, of the Ottoman princes in the ])rodigious
|fes bc- as chriftians do. In battle they obllrvc fums they muft have to m.iintain fo m.my
moft, no order, which is the main point, repo- garrifons in Ettrofe, Afia, and Africk, and
1
right; fing all ho,]es of victory in their num- feveral armies at the fame time againft
in the bers. 'J'hey charge tlie enemy with great chriftian princes.
mini- fury to break his ortler, and make hide- The lialiit of the Tiirh is long, the Habit,
, and ous cries as they fight ; but if they meet iinder-garment reaching down to the an-
great oppofition the firft and fecond onfet, they kle, the upper a littk lliorter, with clofc
lums Vol. IV. Aa fleeves.
90 A lôyage round the fVorld. Book II. '
Cha
CiMiLiineevcs, all grnrally of ml, blew, or The climate alio diiTcrs according toOimaie.
"''M green cloth. On their lif.iils tliry ^v.w the feveral pofitions of lo many king-
''^^''^^turh.ints of the liinic cloth m.ulc dole, doms. In Egypt the air is bad tor (Iran-
anil wr.ippM about with leveril rounds of gers. Romelia and Tbraii: are every where
fine white linncn, or filk. Their breeches tem[)eratc, and the foil fruitful but this •,
are long, and almoll fervc for hofe and fruitfulnefs is almofl of no ufc, through
fbtks, thcle lx"in{; fewM to them. Then the la/.incl's of the Turks, and by rcaloii
they put on the Pa/'ucbies, which arc like of the opprtfTion the thrillians lie under,
flippers, and which they take otV when who chult: rather to leave the land un-
they go into the Mofque, or into friends till'd, t.han to till it for others. The Icf-
houfes to avoid dirting the Soffa, or car- fcr /tfia affords all that is requifite to lead
pets. The women we.ir much the Cimc a happy life world, both the foil
in this
habit, only that the drels of the head is being fertil, and air temperate ; for
tiie
different, for inl\ead of a turbant they which reafon it may be preter'd before
cover their face with two handkerchiefs, the beft countries in Europe. Cicero de-
one from tiie nofe upwards, and the other clares it in the following words. The lie-
from the moutli down, leaviin; jull (pace venues of other Provinces are fuch, that
enough to fee. they fcarce fuffice to defenil thofe very
Cain. 'Ihc coin in thefe dominions is of fe- provinces but /f/ia is fo rich :uid fruit-
•,
veral forts, according to the fevcral king- ful, that it far exceeds all countries in fer-
doms. At Coiijlantinol'lc' there arc pieces tility of land, variety of fruit, plenty of
of gold call'il Scchfes, worth lefs than paflurc, and variety of fuch things as arc
the yoieliiDi Zeccbine. In filvcra Grofcen, tranfported.
that i.s, a ducac i a "Jerum-Grofcen, or half The confines of this vaft monarchy
ducat i befidcs Para's and Jfpen of filvcr. are Germany, Poland, Mufcovy, Per/ia,
In Eg)l>t inllcad of tiiefe tiierc arc Me- and India, and in yl/rick, Abijftna, and
dina , and in other kingdoms, other forts Lybia. In Europe it is bounded by the
of money. Mediterranean, the Adriatick, and Ionian
The fruit, to fpeak of the countries I feas v in ylfta by the Euxine and Egean,
have gone through, in £?)7'/ is excellent, and next the ocean by the gulplu of
and of almoft all forts we have 'n Europe, Perfta and Arabia. The chief rivers that
befides thofe peculiar to the country, part it from other tlominions, are the
Ofmun
and particularly which are in pcr-
dates, Boriflbenes and tiie Tanais. To conclude, Otl7m.i)i.
feftion. In Romelia, and the lelTer Ajia, it is of fo large an extent, that bating
there are all forts that Italy affords, and Italy, f ranee, Spain, Germany, part of
much better, as winter melons, I'ome- Hungary and Greece, it contains all that
granates, grapes, pears, chellnuts, hazle- the Romans fubdu'd, and fome other pro-
nuts, and others which they keep all the vinces which never knew the Romans^
the year about. much lefs were fubjed to them.
tha End of the Second BOOK. Oritnci.
(I i f
Ainuriit
the firll.
il.^jjz:l.
Book U^ Chap. I. 91

Francis Gemelli Careri. Part I.
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he faw in

TURK Y.
BOOK III.
CHAP. I.
the Chronology and SucceJJion of the Ottoman Monarchy.
>-|-il[Heir opinion is very probable, fulxlu'd all Thrace, Thejfaly, MaccJon, Gemellj
wl)o will have this powerful Pbocis, Attica, and Bofnia. Tlun ht ''^4-
nation to derive its oriyina' held Conjlantiiwple eight years beficg'd ; '^^^"^
from the vaft woods near the but finding an obftinate rcfiftance, he
Palus Maolis, becaufe of the great plen- raisM the Icige to give battle to the
ty of game thofe woods aftord, which chriftian princes, whom he overthrew.
is their ufual fuflenance. Then returning to the fiegc, and ha-
The firfl: that laid the foundation of ving after th'-ee years profecuting of it
Ofm/in
was Oj'man, call'd almoft reduc'd the place to a necefTity
OlImM. this mighty monarchy
Ottoman ; a bold and darcing man, by of furrendring, his dcfign was dilap-
birth a Tartar, and foldicr under the pointcd by Tamerlaii, the great Cham
great Cham. He, ofFcndcd at Tome of Tartary. For he marching out of his
wrongs done him, went into Capladvcia country, and wafting Ajia with fire
to live by robbing, with fixty loilo'.vi.rs, antl fword Biij.izct, with much realbn,
•,
intcfting all thecountry about. Others thouglu it convenient to leave the ficge
allur'd by hojws of pluniltr, or dcl'pair- to oppole that torrent, anil meet him
ing of pardon for the crimes tlicy li.id on the confines of Galaiia and Bitbsnia ;
committed, joyn'd him fo that grow-
•, there coming to a battle, the wrctchccl
ing by degrees more powerful and for- Bajazet was overthrown in the year
midable, and having taken feveral ci- 1397, with the lofs ot two hundred thou-
ties, he made himfclf mailer of Cappa- fand men, and thruft, loaded with chains,
docia, Pontus, Bil/jynia, Pampbilia, and into a cage; where defpairing of ever re-
Cilicia. This fome f.iy happened in the covering his liberty, he beat out his own
year 1300. He reign'd cigiueen years. brains againfl the bars. He reign'd
Orianti. His fon Orcanes fucceeded him, who twelve years and a half, leaving three
taking the fame meafures, not only kept fon'', Calapin, Mahomet and Mufinpha.
what his father had left him, but making Ciilapin, or Alpin, was put to death ^^''homtt
his advantage of the inteftine broils, be- by brother Mahomet the firft, who
his '*** '''''•
tween the emperors of Conjlantinofle, fub- afcending the throne, conqucrM Vala-
du'd Mifia, Lycaonia, Pbrigia, Carta chia, and Macedonia ; fixing his court
and Nicea. He reign'd thirty fix years. M Adrianople. He dy'd in 1422, having
/Irr.urat Amurat, a great mafter in the art of reign'd feventeen years.
the li/U. difiembling, or reigning, fucceeded iiis Amurat the fccond, next mounted the ^""""H
''"'''"
fiither Orcanci. He in 1363, took Gal- throne. He pafTing over into Thrace
iipoli Thrace, anil after it Adrianoplc,
in by the of the Genoefes, over-
afllflance
Mifia, Servia, and Bulgaria ; but being threw his uncle Miiftapba ; and ciien,
at laft vanquifh'd and (lain by Lazarus UladiJIaus, king of Polcud and Hungary,
Defpot of Servia, he ended his bafe life breaking the peace at the perfwafion of
after a reign of thirty one years ; leaving pojje Eugenius the fourth, he paid the
two fons, Solyman
and Bajazet. Genoefes looooo crowns tor liberty to
il.'j.iz;l. Bajazet having murder'd his brother. pafs over into Europe at Callipoli, and ac-
cordingly
'm
Book 111. Chap. II. 0/ TURK Y. 93
•n ; after -*'''» receivM. Hely-Salurday the loth, F per- miles an hour, and at noon came upwithfi'Mnn
ill, who''"'," form'd my dcvotioni, and twjk leave of the other Satque that made "he lame voy- '*'J4
tri< nd> i Mii Suiiiliiy tUc nth, l)cin{{ Ka- age with us, and carry'd alwve 110 fol-'-^^^'^'
llii- f'luit: jler Jay in the morning, the Smque left diers and fervants of the Bajfa of Trnbi:-
fucrcril- u,tt,„ the port of CoN/litiilino/ile in fiicli hafle, zond, who v/as gone fx-fore with twenty
\i;, ni.ide that 1 had not time to hear nufs. Having five of his family in fix finall IcluKa's,
of M.il run nine miles to the village of Grtgni- carrying with him fix horles, be'ides as
i|^lil witli (biay, the Kaii put in there for water, many more aboard ihcSaiqiu The coun-
miiri!t:rM and rontinuM there all day, the wind co- try that apjxirrs along the lea, is mol\
not lung minfi up contrary. mountainous, and abounding in chclt-
'icr, till'. Monday the iztli, wefet out with little nuts, ha/.le-nuts, and apples, to furnifli
wind, which afterwards turning to a Conflanlinople, and Icveral neighbouring
xt to the Af..K™,, ilead c\\m, the Saique was tow'il by its provinces.
skiff, and at lall was drawn with rotjes Saturday the 17th, the wind came up
h tlic AV- from the flioar as far as Umuriar, five direflly rontrary, fo that wc had much
ir to any miles dirtant. (ioing u^ here to the top ado to put into cajx: Sinopt, for frefli wa-
l^7^, fie of the hill, to lee the mouth of the ter Weighing Iwtimes on Sunday morn-
nidta, tlic black fca as I came down, a Turki/h
; ing wc pafs'd in fight of the city Sinope,
whiili Ik: fhcphtr<l ask'd me, why I went thither, fcated on the eafternmofl part of a point
wj, comi- and underdanding by figns, that he faid of land, with a high mountain near it. A
1 tlic fame I was viewing the country my laft fuf-
•, thick fog which held till evening, hindcr'tl
otij^ jK'ace firings having taught me experience, I our view of the plcafant co.ift. So the
ion of liJH made haftc aboard the Saique. Tuejtlay florm that rofe was the caufc we made
n tiic cm- the I ^th, the wind coming up fair, wc little way in the day, but the wind coming
in ifjKj, fail'il of day, and two hours af-

at IjfL'ak fair in the evening, we advanc'd confi-
o(X) fight- ter entered the black fea. All the way derably till midnight.
s vigorous between the firlt anil fecond caftles, the Monday the 19th, a great rain fell, af-
ition, that fhoars ot the flrcight are no lefs popu- ter which the wind was fo faii-, that we
ids, had it lous and plcafant than thofe from Con- made a great run the night following.
rlul P'.ajh Jltiiiiiiio/lf to the firft for on the fide of
-, The fii..e wind and rain continu'd Tucf-
I tlic l"icf;t', Nalolia arc tiic villages of Calignia, Ci- da^ the 20th, which fet us very forward.
ail forces, biicli, Eriierli, Beicos, and Cavacb ; and The flag's family waswalh'd from head
''writ, wl'.o on that of Romelia, Stfgni, Gregni-cbioy, to footi and I admir'tl the patience
liiiihi and Tarabia, fiuyucbdare, and Sanjar ; with of the Turks, who than give a
rather
[id Mii/hli good pleafure-houfes and gardens between zecchine for a cabbin, arc content to
uiitortii- tliem, which make the profpcftof them be cxpos'd to the weather, like fo ma-
lii'posM agreeable. ny bcafts. In other rcfpcds they were
two fons The fecond caftle is worfc than the perfons of good behaviour, who con-
twenty firl'', for that on the fide of I'.iiro/ie has vers'd with mc civilly, both during the
. Ma- but two little towers on the plain, and pafTage, and my ffay AtTrabezond; nor
very weak curtains ; and the other in was I wanting to fhew them more cour-
in the Te- //,,„„ ,1,. yifia near Cavacb, is a fquarc tower i tefy, that I might make ufe of their
•ars a pri- fccur.J, both without cannon. On the top of the friendfhips if I had need 1 and jxirticular-
in war- hill, half a mile diftant, flood a caftle, ly to recover my baggage out of the hands
lu- mon- whofe out-works reach to the other, but of the Raii Leper.
nui- long, its walls are all ruin'd. The fame rain and rough fea conti-
ti-ar of Onboth the oppofite points of the nu'd all night, and IVednefday the 21ft
ftreight there are light-houfes, and fmill till noon, carrying us withirt three miles
he fccond Mn/f,.h, dwellings. Near that on the fide of Ro- of Trabezond ; but there it faii'd, and in H
ihi; ic melia on a rock, is the remainder of the the evening was contrary, fo that we
conJ. pedeftal of Pompey's pillar. were forced to have the Saique tow'd by
We made but little way on Hêdnefday its skiff. I ftill blefs'd the two crowns
the 14th, the winil being contrary, but it and a half I had given for my cabbin,
coming up on Thurjdas the 15th, we
fair for I could not have endur'd the wea-
coaftcd along Natalia, and at night were ther , but he that hir'd it to me, at laft
oppofite to Ergele, where is a good port, rais'd a knavifh controverfy, asking more
ad been a rarity in the black fca. The fame than we had agreed for before the In-
ot entcr- wind continuing till two hours in the terpreter, and mounfieur Mener. Yet I
me as a night, thofe drowfy brutes furl'd their fatisfy'd him with a fmall matter, not-
iliiy the fails, and making fall the helm laid them withftanding he had found out two Tar-
Rati hail down to fleep, leaving the Saique to rock tar falfe witneffes, who depos'd they
the upon tiie waves. had heard me make the bargain, as he
vifit
piiil
i)th,
him
I
day
The fame wind blew again on Fri-
the 1 6th, carrying us about twelve
ay tue
faid. W
l\
favours Vol. IV Bb Ail

Ircctiv'd,
94- A Voyage round the World. Book III.
Chai
Gemelli All the Bajfa's retinue ftay'd aboard mand of Licinius ; as alfo for the birth
01
'69+- that night; but I, who long'd to be out of George Trapezuntius, a moft learnetl
'-''"'^''"^ fo
of the Titrkijb territories, went afhoar man, who dy'd in the year i486, at
w
immediately, and to the little Hofpitium ninety years of age and of Bejfarion,
•,
W(
the Jcj'mls had iettled there within three who for his excellent wit and learn-
years, tor the conveniency ot their mif- ing, was, by pope Eugene the fourth,
fions. There I found F. VtUot fuperior made cardinal, and patriarch of Conjlan-
of the minion of Armenia, with three tinople.
companion:, and the Dominican, all clad Trabezond has not only fufler'd many
after t!ic Armenian fafhion. They were calamities in paft ages, but even in this
very glad to fee me tleliver'd out of pri- prefcnt ; for in 1617, the Ruffians crof-
fon, and fafc arriv'd after three days Itorm, fing over the black fea, plunder'il and
and a voyage of 400 miles. And certain- burnt it ; as they did Sinope and Caffa
ly we had pcrilli'd, but that the Euxine cities feated upon the fame fea. So ma-
(cA, whofe 'nriumftrence is 5000 miles, ny dilarters may fufficiently prrfuade,
its length 1 100, and the breadth 200, and that nothing of its ancient fplendor re-
where moft 400, is not fo boilterous as mains J it being now more like a vil-
the open lea, as fome pretend. I alfo lage than an imperial city ; fo that it
found my equipage recovcr'd by the fa- looks like a wood inhabited, every houfe
thers, and carry'd to their houfe, which having a large garden, with oli*'e and
compleated my joy. other fruit-trees, befides Ibme fields in-
The told mc what they had
fathers cermixt.
fuffcr'd during their voyage. Imbarking Thurfday the 2 2d, I obferv'd that the ^'''I'^'-'l''
aboard the fecond Saique, as was laid be- city has two fmall citadels ; one on a moun-
fore, they were carry'd to Unia, 500 miles tain commanded by a Cbiaiis ; the other
from Trabezon ' coming whence in fmall on the plain, being fomcrimes the place of
boats, they were in dinger of being ioit abode of the Bajfa or BegUrbeg, who go-
fit
' and at laft they were taken up for tne tri- verns the city without any Sangiack under
'I- bute, and put into the hands of the ma- him. I'hey have both weak garrifons, and
iler of the boat, for him to give an ac- little cannon and if the townfmen upon
•,
count of them to the receiver at Tra'ue- otcafion do not take up arms, they can
zond, to decide whether the French ought make but a fmall defence,
to pay or nof, and this becaufe they Friday the 23d, I took notice the fub- Provifiot,
falfcly alledg'd. That their king had urbs were for the moft part inhabited
broke the peace with the grand feignior ; by Armenians and Greeks, with their bi-
but the Cadi dedar'd they were not oblig'd fhops, for the exercife of their religion.
to pay. That night, out of cxcefs of joy Provifions are dear, to what they are in
wc drank together merrily, congratula- other parts of the Turkijh dominions, and
ting our fafety, and forgetting pafl fuf- not good neither, efpecially the bread;
.'Al ferings. the neighbouring villages furnifhing wheat,
Tr.^btzvi.l Trdbezomi, by the I'tirks call'd Tara- both the hills and plain about the city
*"/• bajfan, is feated in the latitude of 42 de- being barren ; and the high mountains
grees, on tlie utnioll bank of the black cover'd with fnow caule more cold than
lea,and at the foot of a mountain that plenty. Flelh is to be found in the mar-
looks towards the north. Its whole cir- ket only fome few months in the year
cumterencc is but a mile, but its large and fifh is never to be feen, becaufe
fuburbs make up room for 20000 in- the city has no port, but an open fhoar,
habitants. It is an archiepifcopal fee, expos'd to the inconftancy of the fea,
and metropolis of Cappadocia, a pro- v/hich renders the little fifliing there is
vince between the lelTer Ajia, and greater very difficult. Of all the land produces,
Armenia. When the empire of Conftan- only the oyl is good ; and the wine in-
tinople was ilcProy'd, the Greeks chofe different ; other forts of fruit for plca-
this place for of their errpire,
the feat furc are fent in from the villages Hirther
but it was not ilting ; for the family
! off. They keep their oil ami wine in
of Lafcari having re.'gn'd there two hun- earthen velTcls, and rack oft' the liquor
dred years, that is f-om 1261 till 1460, from one to another with cranes made
at length in the reigi of David, it was of canes.
taken and deftroy'd by Mahomet the fe- The cuftom-houfe of TrabezonJ isCudon
cond, emperor of the Turku At prc- not fevere, lor they never fcarch'd my '"'""•
fi'Mt they call it the head of the pro- equipage, nor the fithers, lb that any
vince Genich or Jenich. It was rendered thing may be carry'd into the city. But
the more fimous by the martyrdom of miftrulliiig left the officerson die way
forty faithful foldiers, who were put to might give mc fbine trouble. I went
death in a frozen lake by the com- of my own acrord, witliout Ixiiii; call'd,
on
JookIII 1 Chap. III. Of TURK Y. 95
le birth
5,(5 A Voyage found the World. Book III.
Cha
GiMELLi being quite fpent with labour of climb- was much pleas'd in this country at their
'694- ing afoot, broke out into ihcfe words. ovens to bake bread and for other ufcs. Strange
^J^"^^"^ Come hither Gentlemen of the Propaganda, They make a trench three fpans deep^^*"^-
and fee what a condition we are in here. in the ground, plaider'd with plain mud,
And a few fteps further. Come along with a fmall hole for the flame. Mak-
ing a wood fire in it, they fallen an
m
jou who do not give a ptnny ; whereas we
w
come upon the Alms of France ; and I am iron acrofs the mouth, and to tliat ano-
falisffd you'll give all you are worth to be ther that is moveable, fo fliap'd that five
at home again As he repeated thefe pots may Hand and boil on it. This
ru
words, I fmil'd, and the more to tempt turns round for the r onveniency of the
ye
him, faid. Do you think that coming to toe perfon that drefles the meat. "I'he pots
Mijfion in the levant, is like takinga being taken away from the top, and the
walk in the Tuilieries at Paris, or at mon- fire from the bottom, and the oven
fieur's Palace? To favc my felf the pains cleans'd from alhes, they put in tlic
am
I would not alight, went up a
but dough unleaven'd after the falhion of
horfe-back, in danger of breaking my the eaft, and thus the bread or cake is
neck down thofe dreadful rocks. We foon bak'd, which the Mahometans like
defcended four miles of craggy way to the extremely. This done it ferves to fpread
.<,. ?
Caravanfera , which takes name from the table on, and keep die company
that mountain ; after travelling twenty warm, without any other fire. And
fbur miles in eleven hours. Friday the fhutting the hole they make ufe of it
30th, we went down a more eafie way, to keep the meat warm, in cafe ftrangers
but very long becaufe of its winding about fhould come in.
the mountain Which abounds in fir, beech, Thevillage being for the mod
part in- ZcJ of
and nut-trees. Then we pafs'd over the habitateil by Armenians, they all flock'd '•"- ^"t-
third ftone-bridge near a mountain, at in crouds to our (table, to be inftrudted """"•
the foot whereof we entered into a way in the divine myfteries by F. yUlot. He
under ground, to come to a Caravanfera had learn'd the Armenian language per-
at the other fide. After riding twenty two feftly to this purpofe
; and invented a
miles in ten hours we lay at night in the game like that of the goofe, to make
Caravanfera of the village of Giumis-Xane, them the better remember thofe things,
\\'. tiiat is, filver-houfe, becaufe of the ruins calling a game of devotion, becaufe
it
f£eiiurt
of this metal there are in that neigh- the faid myfleries were printed on it. city.
bourhood, where the country produces I was not .» little edify'd to fee what
mî plenty of apples, haizle-nuts, and bad pains thofe good people took to get room
wine. Here we had but an ill night m our liable, calling one another to hear
of it. the word of God, which lafted till
Mines. Saturday the firft: of May, after fix night. The harveft in Afia is great,
hours riding, we pafs'd by a gold mine, and the labourers but few. Did a mif-
where they did not work becaufe it was fioner ft:ay in this place but a few weeks
fpoil'd by the inundation of the river, he would draw all the people out of the
and at a fmall diftance thence by one of darknefs of herefy -, fo e.afily are they
filver. The natives told me there were brought to own their error.
Je- The
many more of lead, and copper, which fuits apply themfelves very zealoufly to
is therefore very cheap among the Turks, this good work in many parts of the
who have all forts of utenfils of it tinn'd Turktjfj and Perfian dominions ; fuffer-
both within and without. Thence we ing the affronts and outrages of the Ma-
pafs'd by Cuvans, and after travelling hometans with heroick patience, having
twenty miles in ten hours, night coming been feveral times periecuted and ex-
on we lay at Balaxor in the houfe of our pell'd by them. They are maintain'd
Catergi or muletier. This village is out of revenues fet apart for this purjxjfe
feated in an excellent and fruitful plain. in France.
I cannot decide whether the houfes are At Night came a Chiaus, who was •
caves or ftables ; for they are duj^ out o^ haftening the march of the Afian troops ;
the earth, which ferves as a wall, with becaufe they advanc'd flowly, to be at
great beams lay'd acrofs above to fup- Belgrade at the end, rather than at tlic
port the roof which is of earth alfo, beginning of the campagne This put :
and even with the roads they ride on. us to a great deal of trouble, for at
They leave a large gap in the middle midnight he took two of our horfes for
to let in the light, not regarding that his own ufe ; and in tlic morning uc
all they do within, can be feen through were at a loft, the caravan being ready
it. Men and beads lodge together in to fet out, ami no other hor/i.-s to be
them ; (o that I was forc'd to fpend had in the village. Therefore that we
that night in fuch good compary. I might not be left a prey to robbers or
'j/anizaries
iooK III.«Chap. IV. Of TURK Y. 91
at their we made the half-loads whole provifions are generally cheap there iGEMKLi.i
Janizaries
ler ulcS. Strange "'9+-
ones v and fo a horfe remain'd quite fix eggs being lold for a penny, and a
IS deep""'"- l^^/'Ô
light to ride by turns all day, and this hen for fifteen pence.
in mud, made amends for the joy of the forego- fVednefday the 5th, we climb'd up moft
Mak- ing night being Sunday the 2d, when dreadful high mountains cover'd with
iften an we fupp'd merrily and had a pleafant fhow, on the laft whereof we (aw a
liat ano- time of it, remembrance of tne per-
in good quarry of white marble. The
ihat five Turks of the caravan being afraid of
fecucion fuffer'd by the Jejitits at Arze-
. This rum and Trabezond on that day two robbers would come one after another
} of the years, as was faid before. to bid me ftand upon my guard ; rely-
"he pots However encouraging one another, ing much on me becaufe I had a gun
and the we fet out like pilgrims on Monday the 3d, and piftols, and they thought me a good
he oven following the caravan through a plain, markfman 1 whereas they had but few
in the and well cultivated country. The Je- fire-arms, and fome wanted powder,
(hion of fiiits would not make ufe of the horie, fome flint, and fome ball. Others came
r cake is
but like the apoftles travell'd all the to me to fix tlieir guns, and give them
lam like
day afoot, F. Dalma/tus ftill calling upon ammunition, for fear of the danger that
CO fpread the gentlemen de Propaganda to come threatned. From the vaft height of the
company and lt;e him walk. The Dominican fa- third mountain wc again defcended into
e. And ther and I rode by turns, and the coun- a deep valley, the horfes with their loaii^
ufe of it
try being full of pigeons, and mallards, every where flipping on the ihow, and
ftrangers I Ihot many flying both a foot and a took our reft in a liable in the village
horfe-back, to the great admiration of of Carvor, having travell'd twenty four
t part in- ZeJ of
the Turks, who could not hit one -, miles in eleven hours.
W flock'd '•«: ^» \ which made F. Villot fay I was one of the Tburfday the Jth, being to ford over
"•'""•
inftrufted king of France's huntfmen, fent to ferve the river Euphrates, then fwoln with wa-
\Uot. He the king of Perfia in that employment. ter,we thought better to go three leagues
uage per- After travelling twelve mile in fix hours, about than expofe our felves to fuch
ivented a we pafs'd through the fuburb, into the danger. Therefore parting from the
to make city' Beiburt, where they pay a quarter caravan, with a few more that follow'd
ife things, of a ducat toll for every horie. us, we went away to pafs over a ftonc-
, becaut'e \Blibun This city is feated on a rock, wall'd, bridge, near which the river Gerzime,
on it. and furnifli'd with but a few pieces of carrying not much lels water falls into
fee what cannon. Good woollen carpets made the Euphrates^ or C-.rafce, which is there
get room there, are fold cheap. Its fuburb is part lefs than the Vulturrtus of Capua, m the
r to hear in the valley, and part on the fide of kingdom of Naples. We travell'd a-
ifted till the mountain. We
went fix miles furlong on the left of it eight miles on tlie
great, ther along the river, near which we cn- plain of Erzerum, our days journey be-
a mif- camp'd at the place call'd Meaciur, ing ten hours to the village of Tetirif-
:w weeks where we recoverM our horfes, the Chi- chuil. There were perfons appointed iu
K of the aus having left them. A great rain at all thofe villages by the tax-gatherer to
are they night wet us all. receive the head-money of all travellers,
The "Je- Tuefday the 4th, we advanc'd but ten but we as Franks defended our .<elves by
loufly to miles in four hours, fetting up in the vil- virtue of the grand feignior's Firman^
of the lage of Avirac, feated on a mountain, or order.
fulFer- bccaufe the next days journey was long. That night, being near cur journey's
thc Ma- We lay in the houfe or rather liable, end, with the conlent of the Catergi,
having of an Armenian, built after the fame or muletier, to whom I promis'd a re-
and ex- manner as was Hild before. Here they ward, I clap'd fome fmall things that
aintain'd were then fowing of wheat, becaufe the were to pay cuflom, into a bag of ftraw,
purj^fe foil being fruitful, it grows in a very which in tnofe countries they lay under
fliort tinle, and yields a plentiful harveft. the loads inftead of panncls.
rho was
1 troops i
to be at
C H A P. IV.
In at tiic
T'he Aulhr's Arrival a: Erzerum, and the Defcription of that City.
[his put
for at
Irfes for FRiday in the morning, travelling as we entrcd the fuburbs, wc paid fif-
ling wc over .1 beautiful, and well cultiva- teen of NapUs, that is about
grains
ready ted plain, ftattcr'd with feveral villa- thee pence half penny for eacli horfe.
to be ges, and encompafs'd with mountains Then we went to the cuftom-houfc,
Ihat we cover'd with fnow, at the end of twelve but the cuftomer being at noon-day
Ibers or miles we arriv'd at Erzerum. As foon prayers, when he came, wc defir'd hirh
\iizariei Vol. IV. Cc to
98 A Voyage round the World. Book 1II.H q^j^
Gemelli to fe.ll the trunks, that he might come ing two towers built of brick. There
I ^1 '694- home fome time after to fearch them. are three iron gates to the city \ at that
'«>^'^He verycivilly comply'd, fending foon call'd of Tauris, there lie on the ground
11
after one to fearch them, who found twenty good pieces of cannon ; the rcfl
a
nothing liable to pay ; fo that I found being broke up to be carry'd to Conjlan-
t(
not that feverity monfieur Tavernier tinople. The houfes, as alfo thofe in
d
mentions of fealing the trunks and bails the fuburbs, for the moft part inhabit-
P^.: I
a day before they come to Erzerum, by ed by Armenians are low, and made of
people appointed by the cuilomer, that wooa and mud ; the llreets narrow,
fu
things liable to pay may not be taken and unpav'd ; and the Bazars mean i
th
out to defraud the cuftom-houfe. but it is fo populous, that there are in
fei
I took a flately room in the Caravan- the fuburbs only, twenty two caravan-
th
/era, near the cuftom-houfe, that I fera's for the caravans of Per/ia. The bu
Â might often enjoy the company of mr. air very cold, by reafon of the fnow ly-
is
Extortion fte
Prefcot, an Entlift) merchant, who adted ing continually on the neighbouring of the
ki,
as conful, and liv'd oppofite to me. mountains but it is not fo bad for the
•,
as
He coming to bid me welcome, carry'd eyes as Tavernier pretends ; but this makes
Tu
me home, and entertain'd me well at the fruit ripen very late, for which rea-
fig
dinner and fupper, being forry he could fon it is firft brought out of Georgia,
iefs
not treat me, as he would have done and were it not fupply'd from the vilit ii
in ChHjfemiom, becaufe the country does lages about, it would be fcarce. Yet in
not ari'ord thofe dainties that are to be provifions are very cheap, for a penny-
dra
hid in Iialy, and other parts ; but he worth of bread will ferve a man a day, Pn
tormented me with often drinking to and he may buy almoft thirty pounds of die.
mc, requiring I fhould do the fame, bisket for a Carline, or fix-pence ; five
plai
which I could not. He inform'd me to eggs for a Tornefe, or penny, and a hen
vcrc
my forrow, that the day before my ar- for five, and fo other things proportio-
and
rival, a great caravan \ is gone for Tnti- nably. All this plenty proceeds from the
wha
ris, which had been an excellent op- fruitfulnefs of the aforefaid plain. But,
portunity for me. as I was told, corn does not ripen in The au-
thor and
,
'''''
^
Erzerum Erzerum, or Adirbegian, by fome is fixty days, and barly in forty, (according
fathers or-but
cicy.
plac'd in the leffer Armenia, and by o- to Tavernier's account) for whilft I was der'd away day
thcrs made the metropolis of the greater, there, they were adlually fowingto reap to Tf'.ie.
n,ef
where they think it likely the firfl man in Septemper. xond.
nant
Afiic Nov.viw^ created, and placed by God in the The river Euphrates has its fpringsjr„^4,^,,| city
//(yi-./zi.
j.moll delightful garden of paradice. in a mountain call'd Apbrat, or M;«go/, river.
was
e<if.\.
•pijg country is noble for having been fix hours journey from Erzerum where- -,
tan,
fifft cultivated by Adam, when expell'd fore the fprings of this river, according
(;,••;. 8.
Papc
paradice and becauft Noak, after the
•, to fcripture and fathers, being in para-/«f^r. this 1
flood came there out of the ark, and dice, I was within fix hours of paradice. ^"'^-i'' Fretti
otfer'd facrifice to God.
country, A But others are of opinion that its true'*^'^'^''*''! Arm,
'''"
that on the top of its mountains long fource is in Georgia, and that the frequent'^" ling
kept the remains of the ark, according earthquakes have cover'd it.
the V
y,jeph.li!,.ô antient traditions, and upon the cre- The government of Erzerum is very befoi
I. iwti^. dit of antient patriarchs. F-ophane au- beneficial, and much efteem'd among piafti
"P- 4' thors will have it that Thejfalus took the the Turks. The women in the city are with
name of the Armenian hero. clad in cloth, and wear boots, and a to C
Erzerum is feated on long plain, un-
. black thing before their forehead to hide tumu
der high mountains, at tiie end of the their face ; on their head they have a perfo
plain thirty miles long, and ten in breadth. long piece of fluff hanging down to their the L
Its walls are two miles in compafs, and knees. mon:
are double, but not fill'd with earth, monfieur Lacroniere,
Salttnliiy the 8th, in d
or ramparts. About it is an indiffe- of the province of Blois, came with the been
rent ditch, and feveral towers at con- caravan from Perjia, and the next day mifcl'
venient diftances, with fmall pieces of turn'd Mahometan, defpairing of ever the p
m'!l!l
cannon, fuch as they call falconets, fo obtaining iiis pardon for two duels he the 1
that on the out-fide it looks much like fought, killing two men in France. He to Ih
Conftantinoplc. At the eafl end is a ca- gave out he was ient into thofe parts by or o
ftlc and a fort, Aga of the Ja-
for the the king, as a fpy upon the Turks, and Erze,
nizaries, both of them commanded by that all the Franks, who go into the Le- feeing
a h.ll, and a tower on it, whence the vant, arc fpits fent by the kin^^ to llir fiime
enemy may be difcover'd at a great tli- up the Perfiivis to recover Bagd.it and diftar
flance. Near this caftle is the Arme- Erzerum and others into Mufcovy, to
; the b
nian cathedral, much decay'd, txcept- pcrfwade tiiat prince to feizc the towns .•epre
on
Book lIlH Chap. IV. 0/ TURK Y. 99
, There on the black fea ; and that therefore they to the fultan ; and therefore he would Gemeili
at that how '^94-
i
carry their credentials few'd up in their acquaint him averle the whole ci-
e ground Ihooes. Tho* the French look upon him ty was to their The^-'^^'"^
re-eftabliftiment.
the reft
brother went thence to the Cadi to ob-
as a mad-man, yet thofe barbarians feem
Conjlan- tain at leaft fome longer time, and was
I
to credit him, to have the opportunity of
thofe in
doing the Franks harm i and this made civilly anfwer'd they might go with the
inhablt- me live in fome fear. firft caravan, that they might not be
made of Sunday the 9th, I heard mafs at the Je- expos'd to be robb'd and murder'd by
narrow, fuiis church. Having left my gun at thieves. The Mujfellin hearing of it,
i mean \
the city gate, according to cuftom, I fent for Manfredi, and railing at him
re are in fent Monday the loth, the ufual duty to for having been the occafion of the fa-
caravan- the Turk at the gate to have it return'd, thers return firft, and then of their ftay,
fta. The but mr. Prefcot's man going in his ma- committed him to prifon ; but being
; fnow ly- Extortion Iter's name, he reftor'd it without ta- told that the Cadi had confented to the
rhbouring of the king any thing. But on Tuefday the 1 1 th, delay, he releas'd him within two hours;
Turii.
ad for the as I was going to mr. Prefcot's, 1 faw the threatning to make him ftay in the city,
:his makes Turk that had reftor'd the gun making and after formal procefs to raufe him to
rliich rea- ligns to me to ftop. went on neverthe-
I be baftinado'd till the nails of his toes
Georgia, kfs, for not underftanding him, I thought flew ofl^
1 the vilit vain to ftay.
in The Turk enrag'd that That fame day the Mujfellin would
irce. Yet I flighted him, ran after me with his knife be inform'd what I was by mr. Prefcot,
a penny drawn, and had hurt me, but that mr. who giving him an account of my tra-
an a day, Prefect laid hold of him about the mid- vels, told him I was no religious man,
pounds of dle. had not fear'd him in another
I nor of the fociety, but a lay-man that
nee i five place, but in Turky the laws are too fe- travell'd out of meer curiofity. As he
ind a hen vere againft a Frank that oppofes a 7'urk, was returning home, the Dominican fa-
proportio- and therefore to be rid of him, I gave ther came to defire hir. .lat he would
Is from the what he demanded. acquaint the Mujfellin that he was not
lain. But, fVednefday the i ''th, I din'd with F. Vtl- of the fociety, but a Dominican, fent
The au-
It ripen in lot, and we rejoiced at our fafe arrival, into Perfia by his general, and that his
thor md
(according fathers or but fatisfaftion was difturb'd on Tburf-
my order not being comprehended in the
hilft I was der'dawayt/ay the 13th, three perfons coming to petition of the Armenians, he would get
ngto reap to Trait-
^jg from the Mujfellin, or Bajfa's lieuie- him leave to proceed on his journey.
xmd.
nant, to command me to depart the But the conful's words were of no force
|ts fprrngSEuphn city within three days ; which order with that barbarian, whom nothing but
r Mf«go/, river. was alfo fent to the Jefuits and Domini- money could mollify. F. yillot was very
where-
; can, they believing we were all five angry that the Dominican fliould have
according Papa's, or religious men. guefs'd We made that ufe of Prefcot, and therefore
in para-/««r. thiswas not only brought about by the came in a pafTion at night to tell me,
paradice.^''.'*4'| French renegado, but by the fchifmatick every one might fliift for himfelf, be-
t its truef^'fn Armenians, to obftrudl the fathers fet- caule he and his companions had the
[e frequent "
'
ling in Erzerum, and the fpreading of Firman to go into Perfia. I bid him
the word of God. They had two years mind his own bufinefs, for 1 did not mif-
is very before prefented t'le Baffa with ?.ooo truft God's providence, and was ready to
among piaftres, to fend them away together fufirr thofe crofl"es, and therefore without
city are with F. Philip Grimaldi, who was going being at all difmay'd, I refolv'd if I could
|s, and a to China ; which was done with fome not go direftly from Erzerum, to return
id to hide tumult rais'd by the Armenians, 2500 to Trabezond, and tlience pafs thorough
ly have a perfons going in a feditious manner to Georgia into Perfia.
m to their and about 400 to the
the Bajfa's houfe, Going on Friday the 14th, to hear mafs They ob-
monaftery, where the fathers had been at the Jefuits, 1- faw brother MiinfreJi go 'i'" '"^'=
\acrottiere, in danger of their lives, had they not to the Mujfellin, and return with a fa- ?° '"
p^
I with the been well barr'd. To put a ftop to this vourable anfwer, which when F. Villot
[next day mifchief, brother Manfredi, who play'd liad heard, he fiid to mc, monfieur Ge-
of ever the phyficiin to reconcile the people to meili, the matter is adjufted for twenty five
I
duels he the fociety, was fent to the Mujfellin, ducats ; two zecchines will be your ihare
tncf. He to fliew him the grand leignior's Firman, to go into Perfia. I might have anfwer'd,
] parts by or order for re-fettling the fathers at that fince the foregoing night they would
ftrks, and Erzerum ; but he without fo much as not admit me into their number, I had
the Le- feeing it, order'd we fliould return that taken other meafures ; and that he dia
co rtir dime day towards Trabezond. The great me that fiivour to fave charges, becaufe
i^d.it and diftance from court made him not value the Mujfellin would have as much for
icovy, to the Ftrmaii, and he faid the Papa's had three as for five v but that he might fee
lie towns •epreiented things as they thought fit I was not led away by intereft, I faid I
on would
,,,!!
lOO /4 F'oyage round the World.

Gevielli would pay my quota i which the Domi- friends. Then they went together to
'694- nican was very unwilling to do. the CadCi (a man whofe wifdom had
^-^"^^"^ him to the greatcft employs of the
After dinner the Nazar, or proteftor raifcd
•
of ftrangers, who had been acquaint- empire in the reign of fultan Mahomet)
•^
: 'f, ed with the bufinels by his brother the and having Ihewn him feveral coun-
Muffdllin, fent for Manfredi, and made tries of Afia, he ask'd whether the fa-
a great noife bccaufe we were not gone. ther durll undertake to make fuch a
The other anfwer'd wc had leave to map in the Turkijh tongue, and how
10 for Perjia. No, faid the Nazar, you long he would be about it. Being told
f',!f Bia
Tiall go for with the cara-
Trabezondy he could do it in a week, they fent iiim
van that is now ready. Manfredi un- home, bidding him ftay and do it.
derftanding his defign was to have fliare F. VUlot being to ftay, eight zecchines
of our money, he told him he would were fent by brother Manfredi, on Sun-
bring him an anfwer the next day. But day the 1 6th to the Muffellin \ after which
it pleas'd God that, news being brought the Cbiaga fent to enquire about the reft
I
'
both the brothers on Saturday the 15th, and haften our departure, fignifying that
I
that the Bajfa had fent others to take F. ViUot muft go when the map was
h 'I.'
their places, they being uken up, re- made. The Nazar fent for brother Man-
s-n' fufing to refign to the others, never on Munday
fredi again the 17th, to let
thought of us. him know he would be prefented as well
In the evening, the Mujfellin fent for as his brother
; both of them had good
fomc fathers that could fpeak the Tur- words, and were put in hopes of that
kijh language, to expound fome maps which was never to come to pafs. The
given liim by the renegado Laeroniere, feme day two fervants of the Nazars
who could not do it : F. Vtllot went, came to the caravanfera in his name to
who, having given him fatisfaClion con- ask a veft of me. Being fenfible this was
cerning part of Afta, tho' the Turk was an invention of their own, that they
not much the wifer, was ask'd, where might not go away diflatisfied, and con-
he had learnt the Turkijh language ; and trive to do me fome mifchief, I promis'd
he anfwering that in a year he refided mr. Prefcot Ihould give them a piaftre af-
at Cottjlantimple. The Muffellin reply'd, ter I was gone, that they might not
he could not learn to fpeak fo well in a fend others on the fame errand. Seeing
year. It falling then opportunelv to my felf expos'd to be cheated and robb'd
talk of our affair, the lather added, on all fides, I refolv'd to be gone with-
I liv'd fome time in this city, and was out a caravan, hazarding all dangers
here when the fathers were expell'd ; whatfdever ; both the fathers and I think-
which 1 am given to underftand you ing it better to go on, venturing to be
defign to do again, notwithftanding the robb'd by thieves, yet with the liberty
grand feignior's order. The Muffellin reof defending our ielves, than to ftay in
ply'd, why do you not go upon the the city, like ftieep among wolves, with-
midion into Germany ? Becaufe the Ger- out being allow'd to fpeaK for our felves.
:
f> mans, I'lid the fatlier, are our kings ene- Having therefore hir'd horfes for four
mies, and would kill us, and therefore piaftres a piece, we prcpar'd to leave
we come into this country who arc our Erzerum privately.
CHAP. V.
'fbe Aithor's Journey to Kars, and the Danger he was in of being robb'd.
they ^to-r~rMJefday the i8th, the fathers Daltna officers, had buffeted him very well.
c(;ed on
tins and Martin, French Jefuits Three miles from thence my horfe (l.irt-
ilieir jour
iiey. F. Dominick of Bologna a Dominican, and ing threw me and with the fall broke the
-,
I, took our flight out of the city after ftock of my gun, which I could put but
midniglit, like the Ifraelites perfecuted into an indifferent pofture to fervc me
by Pharaoh. Near break of day the by the way. All the country we tra-
cuftom-houfe came out of a
officers vell'd over that day was plain, and much
tent to ftop us fix miles from the ci- refembling the plain Apuglia in the king-
ty but fhewing them the cuftomers
i dom of Naples. They were ad>ually low-
difchirge and giving them a Rup, which ing, tho' they had not plow'd. Having
is a quarter of a Neapolitan ducat, they crols'd a great river about the evening,
let us pafs i notwithftanding my mule- we went to take up our quarters at the
tier, who was a Georgian, falling out village of Axa, our Catergi's place of
with an Armenian belonging to thofe birth, in whofe houfe wc lodg'd i having;
mmt ;l
Chap. V; 0/ TURK Y. loi
illeight hours traveli'd twenty miles and they wear two rows of buttons onGtMti.Li
out of the comnmn way of the caravan, both fic'es their veils, with other little '^')4'
which always paffos thorough the little filver plates. l^-Ô
but beautiful caftle of Haffan-kalc, feat- Friday the 2ifl, we traveli'd eight
cd on a hill, and four miles diftant from miles of mountain way, and halted on
th^ aforelaid village, where a Rup or the bank of a river, where our Catergis
quarter of a ducat is paid for every horfe. would wafh themfelves, that place a-
We were lodg'd in the muletier's houfe, bounding in mineral waters. Going thence
and iiad an excellent fupper, becaufe the we met with three Janizaries, who pre-
place is plentiful of provifions ; four pi- tending they belong'd to tlie jjoii-tax
geons being Ibid for five Tornefes, or five gatherer, would have us pay that duty.
pence. We refufing to pay it on account of our
Moreexa- IVedih'fJay the 19th, i^Janizary croKin^ Firman, they would make us turn b.ick ;
iWont. the road, would make us return to the and therefore tho' we were flrongcr, we
fore to pay a certain duty, and with were forc'd to give a piaflre to be rid
much difficulty we perfuaded him to reof them. All about thefe plains there
ceive it, without giving us the trouble were curious wild tulips, which would be
of going back to the fort. Twelve much valu'd in Europe.
lay that We
miles further we had
a worfe re-encoun- night at Mifmghirt, a village in a val-
ter, through the fault of the muletiers, ley at the foot of a rock, on which is
who woulil take a road not usM by the an antient and almofl ruin'd caflle. Here
caravans. The of the cuuom-
officers tho* there were many chriffians, yet we
houfe of Tolifci, and of the bridge of lay in the open field. The natives to
Siio-hiiii-mipri, feeing we did not take gpt fomething, gave us to u:ideriland
the way of the bridge, came up anJ com- that but a few days before, the rogues
manded us to go wiih them, as far as on the mountain had robb'd Ibme tra-
the village. Bting willing to buy off this vellers. The fathers and one Coggia A-
trouble, they .is'i'd us five piaflres, but bram born at Erzerum, being put into a
feein" wc fcotVM at their impertinent de- fright at this news, would needs take
mand, they began to fly for fear of being four men along to convoy us. I was fa-
beaten. Wc on the other hand fearing tisfy'd they were fpics, and worfe than
fomething worfe migiu befall us, thought thieves, and that they h.id no good arms,
itbetter to overtake them and compound yet that they might not think I kept
for two piaflres. off out of covetoufnefs, I condefcentled
The frtiitfulncfs of the foil, makes pro •
to pay m" fhare of five Rups we gave
vifions the! '. wortli little or nothing -,
them, wh» \\ is a ducat and a quarter.
and the moi,. !a 'lufe the natives live uc- For the more fecurity we traveli'd by
on four milk, caKcs iiiftead of bre.id, and night, through woods of pine-trees, and
water. Having travel'd twenty ei-',ht over llcep mount.'ins, the neffs of rob-
miles in ten hours, wc came to tlie viil.ige bers -,two of whom meeting us, had not
oi' Korafoii, wiiere anotlier of our Ca/cygis tlie courage to make any attempt. I loll
was born, on the left of the river /Irnxrs, tiie my gun in lighting to w.iik
fcourer of
whicli runs from the foot of mount Min- part of the way, and be ready upon any
gol into the difpian fea. The houfes of occafion.
this village are under ground like chofe Saturday the 2 2d, about break of ilay, Kn.ivery
of Baliixor. we found our guards fuch as had ima-"' ''"^P^'-
I
'"'"''''*
TburfJay the 20th, being Ajleitfwn-day, gin'd them for two of them
; match- guards. h.id
we (laid in that village to plei'fe the Ca- locks without covers to the pans or
tergi. One fcnt by tlv cuflo ner, came match, another had neitiicr powder nor
home to view my trunks, and fee the ball ; and the fourth had nothing but a
Tafcarc of the cuflom-hou'". of Erzerutn. long flaff which only wanted a good arm
iry well,
Irfe flart-
He took nothing ; but a Nazar that to llrike. Thr''. being as great thieves
came with him, feeing we had no pafs as any in the world, feeing it was day,
Koke the
came again at night, and would have a demanded their pay before we were out
put but
piaflre by way of compofition, which of the wood. /•'.
Daln.Jtius refufing, be-
lerve me
the cutlomcr did not approve of It is caufe we we were not
yet out of danger,
Iwe tra-
moft certain the poor Franks every where one of them threatned to run him tho-
hd much
fuller through the avarice of the Turks, rough with his fpear which made me
-,
Jic king-
but in Ibme places a Imall matter con- perluade him to pay, rather than indan-
llly fow-
tents them. The women of this village gcr his perlbn. When they had recciv'd
iHaving
cover their faces, almoft after the man- the money, they flay'd bcliiiui, without
Ivening,
ner of Egypt, vvith little plates of fil- regarding their duty, for we had flill
at the
llace of
ver, worth about a Carline of Naples, two miles to go through the wood. We
which move prettily with their heads ; had advanc'd but a few (Icps to get out
having
Vol. IV. I) d of
;
I02 A Vojage round the World. Book III.

ItHAP
Ghmelli of it, before cwclve men, fome a foot Turks extoU'd my
behaviour, and the fa-
th
'^9+- and fome a horfeback appcar'd before us, thers much more, who from that time
fee
JjQât fight of whom my Catergi drawing forward us'd in jeft to call me Caraon-
/hi
near me, faid, Crufi, or thieves, a^d ask'd Bafii, or captain of the fmall Caravan.
robbers, wa
for one of my piftols, but I would not I was fo cnrag'd againft the run-away
rid
give it him. Our company was in a con- Cogtia,, that as a punilhmcnt for his cow-
fev
ftcrnation, but Coîa above the reft, who ardice, I would have left his goods to the ab
tho' the night before I had fix'd his gun, mercy of the roboers but at the rc-
-,
the
that he might help to defend us in cafe queft of the Jefuits, I fuffer'd them to be
rhe
of need v yet chofe rather to trull to his carry'd on. Being out of the wood, we Mt. fo
horfe's heels, without regarding the fliamc refted our horfes in a plain, near which
the
of running away, than hazard his life, there was good pafture, and a village of
her
h.L by fhewing courage. Kurds. Three hours after we fet forwards do.
The frighted fathers and I being left a good pace, and went to lie at the vil- we
to oppofe the robbers, I alighted with lage of Colanlo ; having travell'd that ing
my guns and piftols in a readinefs \ and day thirty fix miles in ten hours. This lent
leaving them a horfeback with bad pi- place was inhabited by Armenians, who any
ftols, and without powder, ported my difturb'd us with their fick, to get fome whc
felf on the left, behind fome rocks, wait- medicine of the Jefuits, who carry feve- wra
ing under covert to fee what the rovers ral forts which happened to us where-
,
muc
would do. They being badly arm'd, foever wc came. All the way beyond fori
and fome of tliem only with ftaves, tho* the mountains, which made one half, was trou
twelve in number, would not ftand the an excellent foil, but untill'd for want li-kagai V
teft, but turning off, went up the moun. of people. My.
and
tain, leaving the way free to us. The fion
deftr
CHAP. VI. fliew
culat
A Jliort Dejcription of Kars, and the Continuation of the Author's Journey to

the
an
a
the Frontiers of Perfia.

by a
Ago
the 23d having travell'd twelve river. In a good garrifon, out of
it is
SUnda'j
' miles in five nours, we came to the which every night a detachment of forty
i:-i city Kars, the frontier town of the Tur- horfe goes to Icour the country on the
frontiers. The
hflj dominions, and lodg'd in a caravan- houfes by reafon of the
fera in the fuburb. thinnels of the inhabitants are more like
Kari city. Kars is a large, but not populous city, dens, made of timber and mud. For
tho' there be plenty of provifions, and 130 years laft paft, fince fubjeft to the
very cheap, feated in a moft fruitful plain, Ottoman empire, it has always been go-
ancl 78 degrees 4 minutes of longitude, vern'd by a Bajfa ; rather out of jealou-
and 42 degrees 40 minutes of latitude. fy becaufe it is a frontier, than becaufe
The reafon of its being fo ill inhabited is, the greatnefs of the place deferves it.
becaufe being on the frontiers, it has fuf- In compliance to the Catergi, we ftay'd
fer'd fometimes by the Perfians, and there all Monday the 2 4th. I'he Georgian
fometlmes by the Ottoman arms ; being would have all the money for the journey
no fooner recover'd from the one, than paid him here, whereas the cuftom i to
it has fallen again under the other, as pay at the journey's end ; and we refu-
has happened to many other places, which fing, he ftood in it, that he would go
have been ruin'd by the Per/tans for eight no further. We were forced to get the
or nine days journey. Kars is a fufficient Armenian cuftomer to oblige him to go ;
teftimony topofterity of the behaviour of or clfe we would have provided our
the Perfians m tik'r.g of ftrong holds fclves otherwife at his expence. But the
and how dreadful the ftrokes of their fci- cheating Armenian made us pay for his
mitars are to the Turks. kindnels for whereas his duty was half
-,
Ltx. Geo-
But to return to the bufinefs in hand. a piaftre a loaded horfc, he demanded a
graph Kars is feated in Turcomania. Its ftiape zecchine, and with much difficulty rook
"Ph'il.Ferr.is long, looking towards the fbuth, and a piaftre.
Vttb.Ctnf.^yfiQ miles in compafs,on the fide of a Having agreed with the cuftom-houfe,
fifing ground. two walls are of earth,
Its we proceeded on our journey on Tucfda^
with fmall towers, two gates, .and as the 25th, taking as a good omen four
many bridges on the fide of the river and guns the Turks fir'd on account of the
fuburb. The fort which ftands on the folemnity of their Bairam, their faft of
rock, is inaccelliblc on that fide next the Ramiulan being ended ; which rejoiced
the
'
Book III. Ihap. VI. Of TURK Y. T03

the heart' of the poor country people, ing, near the eaft fide, whereof runs theGgMELLi
feeing themfelves deliver'd from the hard- which moun- '^94-
i
river Arfafuy, rifing in the
(hip of working on the faft-day, and tains of Mingrelia, falls into the river ot '-^*^'"^J
watching to eat at night. All chat day Kars. There are ftill to be feen the ruins
riding over thole excellent plains, we met of feveral monafteries, two whereof are
feveral troop of Kurds with their move- almoft entire, which they fay were found-
able houfes on oxen, with panncls on ed by kings.
them. Coins on at a diftance, ve difcover'd ^fo""|
Jrtim'.
rhe Thefe people live like beafts, and are the high mountain Ararat, where Noah's
fo brutal, that they wander about all ark is faid to have refted. Then we
the year, feeking good pafture for their enteVed upon a *allcy, onwliich there
herds, living upon the fame food as they were feveral things like piramiiis fcatter'd
do. After riding thirty miles in ten hours, about, made by the water in ttone, ve-
we lay in the village of Chiala, confift- ry plcafiint to behold. Next we pafs'd
ing of but a few caves. Here the info- by the fort ot Arpafuy, the laft garrilbn
lent Catergi began again to refufe going of the Turks, feated on a rock after fuch
any further, unlefs he were paid his a manner, that it needs no wall on three
whole due ; and we did nothii but fides i but only on that where the en-
wrangle from morning till night. 1 had trance is. Within it there is a good gar-
much ado to forbear beating of him, rifon, and without a village, where a
for fear of bringing my felf into further Rup, or quarter of a Neapotilan ducat is
trouble. paid for every horfe that pafles. In this
tini-kiigai We fet out late on JVednefday the 26th, fame valley we pafs'd a bridge over a
fcity.
and were not a little mov'd to compaf- river, which parts the Ottoman and Per-
fion by the way to fee fo many places fian empires. As foon as I got to the
deftroy'd by the wms, whofe ruins ftill further fide, I alighted to kifs the ground
(hew their former greatnefs •,and parti- I had fo long wifh'd for, that I might be
cularly the city Ani-kagae, fix miles from deliver'd from

the frauds of the Turks.
the aforefaid village. It was founded on What happened 10 me from that time
an advantagious, tho* marfhy ground, forwards, fhall God willing be deliver'd
by a king of Armenia of the lame name. in the fecond volume.
A good part of its walls are ftill ftand>
He End of the Firfl FO L UM E.
-houfe,
Tucfday
J
icn four
of the
fhft of
rejoiced
tlie
to4 }i BooKl / y y.
: • .
' »
i V Cha
Francis Gemelli Careri. Part 11.
ill
Containing the mod Remarka^»le Things he faw in

?EKr \.
BOOK I.
The mo-
CHAP. I.
lullery.
The Authors Entring upon the Perfian Dominiom, and Journey to Erivan, icitb
the DeJ'cription of that City.
r-
GtMri.ti
I (.1)4.
T pontnion of chofe things

Ill*",
we long ilcfirM, nr-oHuccs

h.ivc
in us fuch joy and Huisfadlion,
tiiat it makes us forget pail fuf-
Riings, and difpofes us willingly to un-

dergo fuch as are to follow. This happen-
VertaUetto, or Armemaii preacher, but
to look to, a rude ignorant clown, came
to vifit lis. who feeing one of our hor-
fes fick,
crofTing
making ugly
fell
it,
to hlcmng of water for him,
mumbling lomc words, and
faces, and throwing a needle
ed to mc at my entring upon the Perfian into it three times, in the moil fuperfli-
dominions, tor the pleafure of it made me tious manner imaginable. To this vil-
not think of a tirefome afcent we had lage they bring on oxen, with panneJs
to climb and taking heart now I was
-, on them, abundance of llonc-liilt, which
in a country, where more honefty was they cut out of a mountain a day's jour-
pradis'd, I with good cudgelling made ney from thence.
the Calngis go on, wiio would needs In thefc fields I faw a curious and rare
then, at an improper feafon, (lay to reft flower, wliich any Italian prince would
their horfes, having advis'd me but juft perhaps give a ronfiderable fum of mo-
before to be upon my guard, becaufe tiic ney to h ive in his garilen. The (lalk of
Tiirki/h garrifon us'tl to make cxcurfions it IS not above half a fpan long, at the end
on that fide. whereof there are three whiu flowers

Firft vil- After ten miles riding, wc met a mul- ftanding upright, like a plume of fea-
l.ige of titude of Kurds incamp'ii (which
in tents thers, anil three other
purple ones hang-
Perfia.
they fet up in a moment, fixing a pole ing down in a triangle, with a little black
in the earth, witli a great wlieel at the roie in the middle, and three others of a
top of it, to which otiier crooked ftaves brighter colour, twining about the afore-
are fiflned to bear up the tent) they faid flowers.
exacted half a piaftre a horfe of us for at break of day we
7hitrfilay the 27th,
palTuig for in PLrfui it is not ufual to
•, fetout again, and after riding twenty four
open trunks, but to give fomething ac- miles in nine hours, came to the three '
cording 'o the quality of the perfons. Ha- churches, call'd by the Armenians Eghia-
ving reined, and fed our horfes, we tni.ifen, that is, only fon, which is the
r: K,
went on a very ftony way, and having name of the chief of them. This, as their
in all travell'd twenty eight miles that hiflories tell us, was built 300 years after
day in ten hours, the chief muletier fet the comingof Chrift ; and they ,idd, that
up at Talen, the firft village of Perfia. when the walls were as high as a man, the
In this place was a good church for the devil in the night deftroy'd all they built
ufe of the chriftian Jrmoiians, who are by day ; but that at lail Jefus Chrill ap-
the bcft part of the inhabitants. On pearing one night, the devil could no lon-
the high altar arc the pictures of the ger obftrudt the building of the church.
holy apoftles ; but it is now gone to It is dedicated to St. George, to whom the
ruin, as is another near it. Having ta- Armenians pay a great veneration. Wit!i-
ken up our lodging in the houfe of a in, the flrudure is in the form of a crol's,
chrillian, as we had done all through with a cupola in tiie miildle, under whiih
Armenia, that is fubjed to the Turks, a they iliew the ftone, on which they fay
*"
our
i' BOOK[; MChAP. I. 0/ P ER S I A. 105
our faviour appcar'cl to f-r. Gregor), much it, as well as the others. The Armtniam Gi««li.i
honour'd by tlicin. Tlicre are three doors that go out or return to Perjia, ule ge- '^'H
into it, and all the paviimnc ii covcrM ncralty to ftay three days at thcle chur-^-^^'*^ /
with good carpets. It has three altars ; to dies, to |x:rK)rm their devotions, and re-
tho high one tlierc is an alcent of four ceive the patriarch's ble fling.
Heps, and near it on the rignt fide is the 'I'his plain o\ Erivan is very fertile, I"'"!" of
^"""'•
patriarch's chair. There are fix fteps up to and full of vines and truit-trees as alio •,
die altar on the rigl)t hand, and three abounding in wheat, rice, and other grain \
to tiiat on the lelt, with âch a mtriar- and this becaufe the natives improve it,
chal chair againit mals is Iblemnly cele- making ufe ot the waters of the river
brated at them. On the outfide there are Araxei, which runs a-crols it, helides
four ("mall towers at the four angles, in (cveral other rivulets; and levelling the
one of which the bells are, and the ftan- ground with a long rowler lirawn with
dards of the crofs every where (ct up j a rope by one man, and hclp'd forward
which is not permitted by the Turki on by another, with a handle, 1 Icncc it is,
any account. that when the corn is ripe in Ptrfia they
The nin- dole by the church is the monaftcry, are lowing in 'I'urky.
where the billiop and lathers refiie, with Mount Ariirat is but eight miles from Moii'n
an excellent garikn in the mitidlc. The thefe monafteriis. A coi at tradition'^'"'"'-
patriarch's apartnu-nrs are over the firft dcliver'd down to our days, will have it
great court, where the fountain is tho- •, that Iôah's ark refted on it. At the foot
rough which they go into the fecond, of it runs the river Araxcs, and rifes an-
whii'h with Its arches fervcs only for a other large mountain, but fmall in re-
caravanfera fur pilgrims ; for the monks fpeit of mount Ararat, of which we ftiall
go through .mother court and larger gate /jieak hereafter.
to tiieir cells and rluirch. 1 he whole That night I lay in the great monafte-
place is cnclos'd with high mud walls, ry, and Friday the zSth in the morning,
within wliiili compafs there arc feveral went into the church, to lee about feven-
viney.'.rds anti gardens. ty priefts officiate in two rooms in the
! The pa. The counted one of the
patriarch is miclft of it. Three hours after we con- '; ^'i
'ri.irch. firlT. among the Armemam^ and has fuch tinu'd our journey to Erivan on a good
a conceit ot himfelf and his authority, road, and paffing by many villages, after
that not very long fince, he had the bokl- ten miles riding, c,i le to that city. I
nefs to excommunii ate S. Leo Pope, be- took a room in thv only caravanfera
caufe he approv'd the council of Cakc- there was in the fuburb, to avoid trou-
don, which condemn'd theirs and the bling the Jefuils, who did not live like
Greek hcrefy. the Italians.
The ft- The fecond monaftery, with the church The prelent city of
Erivan was built Err.jn
conJ mo dedicated to S. Cagana, is a musket-Diot on the of another of the fame name, "'X-
ruins
n.illcrv.
from the firll. It was built in honour in the longitu.le of 64 degrees and 20
of a princefs, who coming from ll^ly minutes, and 42 degrees and 1^ minutes
with forty maidens, to fee St. Gregory, of latitude, next the river Zaugli it is -,
was by a king of Armenia call into a feated on a rock, and the other parts on
well full of fnakes, becaufe fhe would not the plain. Itswhole circumference is but
confent to his will; where having remain- a mile, with a deep ditch, a double wall,
ed fourteen years, without receiving any and baftions of earth, fuojed to be bea-
harm, at lad in a rage he put her to ten down with cannon, and wafli'd away
death with the forty maidens as the Ar-•, with the rain. Nor are the houfes any
menians relate. better, and inhabited only by a few tra-
The ilruiflurc of the church is like the ders, and the garrifon. It has three iron
other, but lefs. There is but one altar, gates ; and but a few, and thofe fmall
with the body of an heretical Armenian, pieces of cannon. The Bazar is indiffe-
whom they call a laint, under it. There rent. The palace of the Cham or gover-
are two other tombs without, one on nor fronts the river, and is as great as
each fide of the great gate. As for the earth can make it.
monaftery it has a fmall cloifter, with a Saturday the iqt\\, I went to fee the The mint,
garden, and cells for a few monks, who mint, where the filver and brafsiscoin'il
look to a fmall number of ignorant idle there being no gold coin in Perjia, but
country people. what little is made at the king's coro-
riu- third The third monaftery a mile and a half nation, which is either fcatter'd among
injnailcry from thcfe, is very fmall, and dedicated the people, or given to thole that have
to St. Rerima. There is but one altar deferv'd well. The Perjunis coin their
in the church, which has three doors, and money after this fafliion. Having placed
good vineyards and fields belonging to the metal in a trench, wicn coals and
Vol. IV. F. c wood
106 y^ yôyage round the JVorld Book I
"ceiap
GiMILM wood over they melt it by the blow-
it, is which they lay
prefcrv'd in this place ;
.:?
ing of two piir ot IkIIows ; tliry call it was brought by St. M.uiLhv. Near thu
into long nips wliitli they itterwarilj church is a lake, and live other monnlte-
bc.it out into pLilcs others cut it out •, rics of Aimemani.
in
ami otiuit nvikc the jiicces rounil, others A^ foon ai I came to F.rivan I hirM mil
wei^li, .iiulotlicrs h.itnmcr iluin I'mooth, horfes for T.iuris, tor ten Ah.t/fii a piece
or I
alter whii h they .irc llampM by force of (every Mdjfi is worth about thirty eight
th.i|
men. grains and a h.ilf ot Nîpli's money, that
unti
the loth, I went to take the air IS, two Hulling'. wanting three pen(<) but
Th« Sii'iilas
whJ
briJgc on tl»c briilgo there is over the atorclaid underllanding the road was not lafc, was
thel
river, (onliltin^ of jôoii arches, near fatisfy'd to Hay tor com|)any. At length fiv-
which, uiuler the Oiade ot tliick trees, finding foine, I relblv'il on U''i\lnfjday
veiil
there arc linill rooms tor the divcrl'ion the id, to go along with a dforgiiin i but
of the Chiini, to whom the government whilft was preparing his fanlle, I
he
of the city is worth lull -looooo crowns fcr«^ for my horles, and foiiml the Ma-
The river, a year. 'I'liis river comes from a lake bomftiiit, who hail hir'il them, broke his
call'ii Ci;;,ii^îii:i, eighty miles ilillant from word with me, counterteiting himlelf
Krnan, anil falls into tlie Jr.ixcs, run- fick. This dilappointment trettcd me,
;.; -11
ning three Umi',ucs oil On the foutli liJc. feeing my companions go away, without
The ru!) A/ij/t.i,iy theiall ot the month, I walkM hopes of lindi 'g any more at that time
iirh.
about to
iniiabitcil
fuburb, or rather the
lee
country,
tlie
becaufc of the many

becuife the caravan that came from />-
ziiitm, had llopp'd half way for tear of
s
firms ami jînlens it contains. It is twen- thieves.
ty times as bij^ as tiie city, moll of the Thurfiln'j din'd in the mon.i-
the 3d, I
,
J tr.ulcr-., .mil .ill the artiticers anil .4>mc- ftcry of theand being intorm'd
Jt-fuils ;
1
mans livini^ in it. '1 here is an excellent on Frida-i the 4th,
that there was another
r« Btizjr and' Mculan alon^ the city wall -,
fmall company ot Grorgiufn going to
but there is an intinite number of riiin'd Nukcivan, I refolv'd to go with them,
lioulis, by realon of the continual wars the Perfutn ilominions l>eing more free
betwixt llie rurks and Pcrfuvn, which trom robbers than the ^Turktjh \ and ac-
liavc rcducM the city and country about cordingly I hir'd two horles, at the rate
it, to a ileplorablc coniiition, 'I'hc whole abovcmentioned, and prepared for my
compals is about ten miles, for tiie molt journey.
part endos'd with a work thrown up of Before I go further it is fit I give an Mount
carih, and 'iy the neighbouring hills, account, th.it all the while I was at £ri- ,^'^"''"-
which in time of war, might much cn- van, I obferv'd mount Ararat was al-
dammaiic the city. All tiiis Ipace produ- ways clear in the morninj; up to the
": I
ces excellent wine, and .ibouiuls in deli- top ; but towards evening the many
cious fruit, belides picafant poplar, and vapours the fun ilraws, both from the
iti:
wiilow-trecs. mountain itfelf, anil from the waters
From Tocat to Taurh the country is on the plain, thicken the air, and it
tor the molt ]iart inhabited by chrillians, thunders and lightens, and at lafl the
who [;et their living by filkworks, and vapours diflblvc in rain. It is alfo to
otiier becaule of the continual
trades -, be noted that this mountain is higher
p.itfip;e of the caravans, which carry than Taurus, or Caucafiis ; and that be-
lilk irom a province near Eiivmi, and ing above the firll region of the air,
oiliercommodities of Prrjla. It is in- and always cover'd with fnow, it is as
credible how great an income thcfe ca- cold as poUibly can be. However x\\cMiltf.ii,:.
ravans bring to the king bccauie the 1 Dulihfnnn\ relation is fabulous, \v\\o<ltlUiK
culloin-houfc being nothing fevere, for tells us that in the year 1670, being'" 'f-
*'
no bales ot goods are opcn'd, the mer- oblig'd to go up it, to cure a religious
chants are willing to refort thither with man, he fpent k\en days in the afccnr,
the beft commodities they can, paying travelling filtcen miles a day ; and ly-
but Ibme fm.dl duty to the officers on ing at night in certain hermitages he met
the way. with, at every five leagues ; and that he
Kiikiiri Tiirfcidy the ill of Jioir, not to lie idle lx;yond the bounds ot the firft
p.ifs'il
thurcli. at Eriviiii, I hir'd a horfc to go with fohie region of^ the air, where the clouds
others into the country, to the church are form'd, the firll of which he found
of Kiekart. I cune thither after eight thick and dark 1 and the others vehe-
» i
hours riding, and found a monaflery ot ment cold, and full of fnow and that -,
Annoiians cut out of the rock, whereot the third cloud he pafs'd through, he
the pillars are made that fupport the mufl have dy'd with cold, had his dread-
church. Acconling to their tradition, ful palfage lalled but a quarter of an
the fpear that pierc'd our faviour's fide. hour longer -,
but that the next day as he
mounted.
3: it.' ^
I:
• ) I
ii:
i^«««^ ' Jchap. ir. 0/ P ER S I A. 107
tl)cy fiy paradicc is there j but IGiuilii
mounted, the air grew more tcnnieratc i the terrcftrial
'^L-.ir tllli
and that loniing 10 the cell of tfie rtli- and all have lecn it, have obli rv'd i^>'>4-
that
innnalle- the top of it furrounded by a very '.liick^'^"*''Vi'
uious fick man, he was inform'd, tliat
in twenty years ho had livM on the mill, from the evening forwards, as has
H I hirM mountain, lie never hail felt heat, cold, been laid. It is true about the fides of
.1 picLtr there are many herniitages inhabited
or Winil, or kin any rain fdi. Bcfides
:
it,
rty cijÎu who endure very
that tin- gDoil hermit would give him to by religious chriflians,
icy, that ark was n.uili told, there lx;ing nut li) muih as
undiilland tiiat Noiib\ (lill
ru<) liut Hump of about the mountain to
wiiole on the ridje of the mountain, .i ,1 tree
l.i('<-, wai the good tem(ieraturc of the air having make fire of. The Jrt/u'niiins call it
U Icn^'tli
fivM it from rotting. An excellent in- Mffefufary that is, mountain ot the ark,
f'V.lnfJilay
vention of the Diitib man to pcrfuade us ind the Ptr/mns, Jgri.
ian \ but
.ir.lle, I
t!i(* M<t- C H A P. II.
brdki- liii
;
liimli'lf *7'i6t' yluthr continues hn Journey to Tauris, ivitb the D'-Jcription of that City,
tttd me, find of Nakcivan.
wiilioiit
lut time:
SAluyday the 5th, that I might not lofe make my way with pillol in hand. They
From h.r- the fecond oppoitiinity, I ^ lus'd my Hill wouKl not ciuit /•'.
Dominick, who
)r tear of luggage to be loaded 011 my m.in's horfe, feeing they held v' . horle by the bridle
ami let out in hall, w ith F. Dummick \ would have the other pillol to fright the
he mon.i- F. Datinaiiiii [K\n\r gone thai morning Riiiinr but at lall they feeing me refo-
1
inform'd to his miirion atSci,:i/iiiki. and /'. M.iriin lute let him go, taking .w abafTi a head.
IS another fta yuig Eiivdn.
at We
put on a ^ôod The guards Ixing again crept into their
poing to rate to overtake the Cvrgirn, and others cottage, wc pals'd through another deep
them,
ith thatwere gone before. \i>out hour m river, into a cultivated country, and
more free in ni^ht began the n' lal ligi.tning
the two miles further another river call'd
and ac-
i and rain on mount Jrai .11 .md we 1 Arpaci or This river tho' di-
/!ri\ijii.
it the rate coming an hour after that to the bank vided into three branches
is very rapid,
J for my of the river Gavuryiui^, which was and we h.ul like to have jwrilli'd in it.
much Iwoilen and was to Ix- forded, The llream before our eyes carry'd a-
I give an Mount thought it more .idvilable to dtfi r it till w.iy for a large muskct-flioc, an Arme-
as at Eri- Arjui. the next day. We lay in ti.e illaê of nian catholick woin.ui a horli-back with
I was al- thelame name where there wxre ma- her foil behind her, and flie was never
) to the ny Kurds, \\.\\'m\\ tnivtil'd but eii'Jnein the leafl diuntcd ; no more than was
If many i miles. 'I'he Iniallnet's of the laravanlera another tiiat rode beiiind a Turk, for
trom the oblig'd ionic Turks who were with us, to in Pcrfia three or four will get upon a
le waters lie on tlic ground in tlic open air. horle. When the watir is higlier by rea-
anil it SuiuUy the break of day wc
()th, at fon ot the thawing of the fnow, they
laft ihe crofs'd the ri\'er with a guide of the coun- pafs it a league lower. Riding on along
|s to
alfo try, bccaute, being two niuket flior over, fields altogether untill'd, we went to lie
is higher it is iiard for llrangcrs to ford. Then wc by the caravanfcra of Kerala, having
that bc-
the
it is
air,
as
rode along a \A.\m country, iome untill'd
and fomc cultivated and improv'^1 with
the cuts drawn from the neighbouring
travell'd thirty miles in eleven hours.
tlic
This flruclurc
moR
w.is
capacious and
Iquare, antl one of
bcauiifulkfl I
m
[ever the Mt/rf. i/:. rivers to water the corn, and other grain ; had feen. There a plentiful Ipring of
IS, who"'''i'»i' which his this great f.iult that it will not good water gufhes out of a cut llonc. M
being"" '"
keep above a year. Tiiis day wc tra- The Armenians fiiy it was m.ide by Shem,
religious vcll'd thirty and
miles in eleven hours, the fon of lioah. As for this water's .;;^j, j^^
ill
'
|e atlcnr, at night lay the village of Saturach,

in petrifying in a ditch ten miles oil" Tli-chap. 4.
and ly- where of fleeping, every man
inilcad vernier dreamt it, for none of the Ar-p. 45.
met watcli'd to guard his baggage, for fear fians or Armenians that were .icquaiiued
i
Iie
that he
he lirft
ot the country jxôplc, who are moll ex-
pert at robbing of travellers.
with the country, knew any thing of it \
much lefs that the caravanllr.i was built
I
clouds Miiiiilay the ytli, we fet out betimes, with tiiofe Hones.
|c found and held on our journey through a valley Tiiefda) the 8th, riding fifteen miles we
s vehc- very dangerous for robbers. Being got came to Nak-eivan, whence F. Domi-
nJ that out of it, at fifteen miles end we ford- nick went direftly for the monallcry of
Igh, he ed another deep river. Here we found Aharener, whither he was bound, but
|s lircad- the Ratlars or guards of the roads, who with great fear of the Rattars, who
of an d'*manded an extraordinary fum of me, are great thieves. I was left alone cx-
liy as he and F. Dominick, lb that 1 was forc'd to pos'd to their knavery, and they ask'd
punted. mc
io8 j4 Vo^(%e round the World. Book I
Cha
'1'
Gemelli me twenty abaflis for my horfe, whereas from the town I crofs'd a river that
:!)>fS 1694. the Anneiiimis pay but two or three, and falls into the Araxes on a good bridge
^^'''^'''Î had much to do to content them with of twelve arches, and at a fmall Ji-
nine. They ufe none foill as they do ftance thence join'd the envoy 'Ve :
the Franks, who muft give them what held on our way through a piain coun-
they will have for fear of fome affront, try, crofs'd by many cuts to water
they being iniblent in the higheft de- the fields, which made their waters
gree. It m.Ty tnerefore be truly faid run thick and muddy, as does the Ara-
that Niik-civdn is the moil troublefome xes ilfelf
place in Perfia, on account of thefe Rat- Having travell'd twenty feven miles in Zuifj.
tars, and like another Erzerum in Ttirky. nine hours, we relied on Wednefday the
ll.'ii"' ju,
N,ii-(ifjn Some have Nak-civan, to be the
will 9th at Ziilfa, to crofs the Araxes there in
':'ty- antientefl: in the world,
city pretend- a boat. Zidfa at prefent may be faid to
ing that Noab when he came out of the be altogether difinhabited, becaufe Seta-
Ark livM there perhaps becaufe i: is
•, Abas the firit, king oi Perfia, tranfplant-
but thirty miles from mount Ararat. ed all the inhabitants to new Ztdfa in the
They add that Noah was bury'il there, province of Guilan, and to other places,
and they fupport their opinion by the eti- that they might not be left expos'd to the
mology of the city, becaufe Nak in the continual incurfions of the Turks ; yet
Anncman tongue fignifics a fliip, and what remains of it under barren rocks,
Civaii, ftaying. Whatever there is as on the left of the Araxes, fufliciently
to this point, there is a fuffiricnt tefti- demonftrates, it was no very confider-
mony of antiquity in the ruins of its
its able city, being a heap of mud, and of
buildings reduc'd almoil: to nothing, by caves under ground. The two caravan-
the continual wars ; and particularly by feras built by Coigia Nazar an Armenian,
the barbarity of Amurat, who utterly one on the one fide of the river and the
dellroy'd it, leaving no token of the other on the other, are alfo ruin'd ; and
noble Mofques built by the followers of therefore only a few Armenians live
Hali, and held as profane by the Turks ; there, becaufe but a mile from thence
for which reafon wherever their arms there is an excellent and fruitful foil.
come, they deflroy them as the Per- -, Tlie Araxes being here confin'd be-^r„xi,
ftans do by thofe of the Turks, through tween two mountains is not narrow but river,
difference in religion, whereof we fliall deep, being fwell'd by the water of that
fpeak hereafter. river, which three miles from thence
In the new city, there is but one long we fordeti four times. It is thought to
and narrow flreet, with one good Bazar, be the fime that Mofes and the holy
and four large and excellent caravanfe- fcripture call Gibon, which fprings in
ras, for the convenicncy of the many the terreftrial paradice, becaufe it has
caravans, that of nccefllty muft pals its rile in the fame mountain, and at
that way. The fuburb is fmall, with a fmall dillance from Euphrates, the one
'^; n houles built like caves.
above levcnty
is a great brick-building,
Near the city running eafl and the other almofl weft.
The boat to ferry over the Araxes is
1
fpans high, and odangular, ending like ill built, and worfe managed, having
an obelisk. The entrance is through a only two oars to bear it up, fo that
great gate, within which, there arc wind- wlien it comes to the further fide, the
ing ftairs up to two towers, that are on rapid ftream carries it a musket fliot
the fides, have no communication
and lower than it fhould go, and then it muft
with the obelisk. They fiy it was credl- be hal'd up with a rope. The ferri-
ed by Tamerlane, when he went to con- men h.avc half an abalTi a horfe, and
U U: quer Perfa : The city and country is
govern'il by a Cham.
there is one appointed by the Rattar
of Nak-civan, who delivers a letter
i j: Finding my Itilf in tiie power of fuch feal'd in token that the duties are paid,
bafe people as the Rattars, or guards, who which if it were omitted, they would
threaten baftinadoing at the fiime time oblige them to pay again ; fo bale
they demand their toll, I endeavour'd and deceitful is the officer, and he that
to fly the fooneft I could. Accordingly, employs him. There was formerly a
I provided that fime day to go along ftone-bridge, afterwards broke down by
with a Perfian envoy, who was going to the king of Perfia. Having pafs'd the
Jfpahar to carry a prcfent to the king. Araxes, we rode fourteen miles further
Having therefore hir'd two horfes lor in four hours, and lay at the caravanfera
my felf and man tor five abalTis apiece, of Deradus, which not being big enough
I letout of the city alone about three to hold all, we were forc'd to lie in the
hours after night, to expeft the en- open air.
voy at a place appointed. Two miles
Tburfday
Book I
Chap. II. 0/ P E R S I A. 109
ver that
Thtirfday the loih, three hours before at that news, iliid ; Let Amurat ccmÔemelli
id bridge
day, we entred into a valley betwixt two Jor-Jjard, for he Kill dejlroy himfclf and '^9+- ;
"mall li- ^-^''"^
mountains, much frequented by rob- at the lame time gave orders, that all the
bers, and being out of it, travell'd over waters about fhould be rurn'd away,
ain coun-
a barren plain to the caravanfera of there being no other rivers beyond Tatiris.
to water
the wliole journey being fifteen Hii prediction prov'd true, for Amurat
I
A'.tichi,
ir waters
miles, in four hours. It is a brick build- alvancing with one hundred thoufind
the Ara-
ing, large, and fquare, with four tow- fighting men through dry and barren
ers at the four angles. I'hen riding twen- plains, loft a great part of his army, and
\ miles inza/a
ty miles furtlicr, we came to the village was forced to turn back with dithonour.
«i?/i/ij) the
of Maraiita. Here they fay Noah's Tatiris, or Ecbatane, is feated in the 'T.::iri,
« there in
wife was bury'd. The village is large ytrov'mce of Adirbeitzan,
(rs the Prrjlans '^"Y-
be faid to
or rather a wood of houfes, by reafon call it) ?^ degrees o' longitutie, and
in
:aufe Sc'ui-
of the trees and gardens among them, 40 of latitude. It was once the metro- 7j/,7;».
tranfpUnt-
which hinder the fight of the mud-hou- polls of empire of the Medes, whofe
tile ^-P'l- î'--
«//a in the ' ' ^
les, at any dillance. It is feated in an original was eight hundred and fcvenry fix P-
lier places,
excellent fruitful plain, three miles in years before the birth of Chrift. There
os'd to the
length, and two in breath, with mais nothing but tiie bare fhadow of its anci-
urh V yet
now
ny more villages about it. Here is a ent Iplendor remaining, having been
ren rocks,
great noble caravanlera, with four tow- the ftage on which the Tnrks and Pfrji-
fufiiciently
ers at the four angles, and a curious ans exercis'd their we.ipons during the
r confider-
fpring of the bell water I ever tafted wars between thofe two monarchs.
ud, and of
out of Four miles fhort of this
Tialy. What remains now is a great plain, en-
caravan-
place, I was met by the Rattar, or compais'd on three fides with mount.iins
Armenian.,
guards of tl'.e ways. Thefe are more
1
like Erzerum ; and it refembles Erivan
,er and the
to be fear'd than robbers, becaufe in the mutability of the weather. Its
uin'd; and compafs is thirty Italian miles, by rea-
under colour of their emplyment they
emans live fon of abundance of gardens and open
rob fecurely, being arm'd with knot-
rom thence
ty clubs (a weapon common to both places in it. The houfes are ill built
ful foil,
noble and ignoble in Perfta) like Ban- of mud but the Bazars and caravan-
i
onfin'd \x.- Ar/im
ditti, and they cheat Franks more than feras are good, becaufe the conveniency
narrow but river.
any other people, exatting what they of its fituaticii draws a vaft number of
iterof that merchants, as well Mi/fiovitfs and Tar-
pleafe of them without refpefl to the
rom thence and becaule tars, as Arabs, Georgians, Mingrelians,
nature of the commodities -,
thought to Indians, Turks, Perfians, and feveral o-

they do not open the bails, they will
the holy
have as much for a parcel of rags, as thers with all forts of commodities ;
fprings in
for the richefl jewels in the world. more particularly with filk brought
ufe has
it
The common duiy is five abafTis a iiorfc, from the province of GuUan, and other
in, and at
but they are fcarcc fitisfy'd with all a places ; fo that a great number of peo-
U, the one
poor ple is employ'd in that work.
traveller has. Tho'
llmoft weft.
Friday the nth, before day wc entred its compafs be thirty miles, and a Jefuit
Araxes is
upon a mountainous road, at the end compares it to Rc/n,', in his account of it,
J, having
whereof we met tiie other Rattars of yet I do not believe it contains above two
fo that
Schiackit, who take an abafll a parcel. hundred and fifty thouland inhabitants,
fide, the
After riding cen miles in three hours, both becaufe of the gardens and fields, and
isket Ihot
we pafs'd by the excellent caravanfera by reafon the houfes are but thin of people.
len it muft Sunday the 1 2th, I went to fee the tow- „
of Jamgbet, well built of brick, with .
he ferri-
four towers at the angles, and big e- er of Sdan-Cafan, which lome without ,;",'',"
iorfe, and nough to hold an hundred perfons. Ha- any good ground for ir, will have to be
'^'J,
le Rattar
ving travell'd as many miles more over that of Babel, mcntion'd in holy writ. It I'- V iVM
a letter
is made of brick two hundred and twenty
a fmdy plain, we came to the city, or
are paid,
rather forreft of Sofana ; for there are of tny paces in compafs, its diameter forty
ley would
fo many trees, and delicate gardens a- paces, and the thicknefs of the wall twelve,
fo bafe
bout it, that the houfes cannot be leen but it is ruin'd on two fides. A winding
\ he that
till a man is upon them. Having Itay'd ftair-cafe of one hundred anci icn ftcps goes
irmerly a
there two hours, we travell'd eighteen up to a room on the top of it, and on the
down by miles further in hours, and came to out-fides of the walls of this room there
fix
lafs'd the
an hour before night.
Taiiris By the way are cyphers and charafters. At the bot-
further
:s
Ilaw a hill on which they told mc Amu- tom is a place with iron gates, where
Iravanfera
rat'sarmy incamp'd in the year 163S, the Perfians fay the founder lies bury'd.
enough when he befieg'd, took and burnt this Next, I went to (ee the Atmeidan.
ie in the
city. They tell it as a notable inftance This is a great fquare, to which molt
of fedatenels of Scia Sojhia king of Pcr- of the merchants and artificers refort,
fui, that he little or nothing concern'd becaufe there is a iiettcr trade there
\fhurfda-f Vol.. IV. !•'
f than
1 lO A Voyage round the World. B 00 K I.
Gemeh.1 than elfewhere. The chief thing fold lace built by the Turks, whilft they were
'^''+- good horfes, and thole cheap,
there, are mailers of that place. Every evening
'^^'^'"^(for I bought one for ninety abafTis, there is a pleafant confort of drums and
which at Naples rould be worth three trumpets in a gallery of this place.
hundred) as alfo fhagreen-fkins, whereof About noon, Cham,

or govcr-
the
there is a great confumption, all gentile nour's lieutenant made
publick entryhis
people wearing (hooes and boots of them. into the city, attended by five hundred
They make them of horfes, aflfes, and horfe he brought with him i bcfides one
mules hides, but only of the rump part. thoufand five hundred that went out to
The Mofque of Hajfan-Bafcia being in meet him. But before we proceed, it
this place, I went to fee it. This ilru- will be convenient to fay Ibmcthing ot
<fture was creftcd by the Ofmanlis, with- the other lieutenant his predeccflbr, who
out fparing coll or time. At the firil dy'd a little before in Tauris, becaulc
coming in, there appears a front curi- he was
always a great friend to the
oully wrought in brick, with reliefs of chriflians,and efpccially protedor of the
marble carv'd after the Italinn manner French Capuchin mifTioners, whom in
in Howers, birds, and of feveral
fruits publick aflembiies he placed by his fide,
forts. The gate is all of one entire to the great regret of the Perftan priells.
piece of white marble, like that of Of- His name was Sultan-Bigian Beg, fon A nnu'nfc
maula, which leads into a cloifter, or to the great Ruffan Cham, caD'd .9/)a/a- ''"'>• "i'
ftjuare court, and tiien to a treble arch, lar, great general of the Perftan army, '^J""-
on the fides of the Mofque, witiiout any which drove the Ofmanlines or Turks out
ornament. At the end thereof there of the country of Tauris : The great
'*!:.
are two finall gates to the Mofque, whole Rujfan had a grandfon ; and Sultan Bi-
front with two high towers is of the gian, who dy'd Cham of Erivan was his
m-'- fame fort of work ; but the tops of the uncle. His fr.nily had always kept in
towers are gone to ruin. The Mofque the king's favour, being of the blood
is only one great cupola of the fame of the Georgian princes. But Bigiati was
marble curiouQy wrought with ylrabick difgrac'd during the command of jlt-
charadlers in blew and gold, and in mat-Dolet, or the grand vizier his ene-
fome places curioudy painted with fine my, who made the king look upon him
% V
flowers, others with
in odd fancies. as a mad -man and drunkard. This man
The nich,whether few go to pray, is we fpeak of, feeing fortune frown on
on the fide of the Meidan, or fquare •,
him, after governing Sciamuki, retir'd
if
therefore rhe gates are only on tiie fides to live a private at Tauris, with
life
anfwering to the two cloifl:ers, which twenty placing his greatefl

five lervants,
are uniformly built one on each hatid. delight in drinking the bell wine in the
The upper gallery of the Mofque, is country. His nephew Rujlan Cham,
from the cupola fupported by twelve ar- now general of the army, and Divan-
ches, three on every fide, whereof tliofe Beg, or chief of all the judges, being
next the aforefaid call and weft gates then in the king's fervice, and well ad-
are equal, the others greater, but thofe vanc'd in his favour, he one ilay bid
on the north and fouth are kept fliut. him ask fome grace. He modcflly an-
At the upper part of every angle there fwer'd he was fatisfy'd with the honour
arc as it were feparate balconies, to fee and bread he daily receiv'd but die -,
what is doing. On the fides of the king flill prefiing him to ask fome
nich are two curious marble-Hones as grant, he faid. Since Tour Majejiy Or-
clear as alabafter \ on the left is a pul- ders it, I beg nothing but that you refiore
pit with an afcent of fifteen iteps ; on my Family to the fame Honour it enjoy'd
^ ^ 13'
the pavement jwor mats, becaufe tiie Per- in the time of my Grand-father Ruffan.
fiMis make fmall account of that Mofque, The king ask'd whether he had any
and think it polluted, as having ferv'd kinfman to prefer. Rujlan reply'd.
Of/nan's followers. Behind it at the There was his Uncle Sultan Bigian Beg i
north-end is a large fquare garden, with and the king enquiring, where he liv'd,
trees of feveral forts. he laid. He eat the Bread His Majejls's
Near this Mofque is another ftruftiire, Goodnefs bad left him at Tauris. I'hc
with the fame outward ornaments, now king faid. That Mad-tnati, your Uncle
going to ruin. They call it the place Sultan Beg. He is not Mad, faid Rujlan,
of waters, becaufe there the Perjians but our Enemies have reprefented him as
wafh their deatl. In the fame place is fuch to your Majejly \ and if ynu plc.ife 19
;i church belonging to the /Irmenians, let him appear m ymr Prefence, you 'jluI
almoll fallen to decay, whether they befenjMe bow much yon '"'Vf been impos'A
fiy St. HeUn lent a piece of the crols. upon. Hêll, faid the king, fend for bim.
At the end of the Meidsn is a great pa- Sir, reply'd Rujlan, ar have fens for hi-nt .
.— )
^m
;
Book 1. Chap. II. 0/ P ER S I A. I II
tliey were feveral limes, and be would never come, of the liberal fciencei!, wherein he would Gemelli
y evening nor will he now, without \our fpecial Com- be inftruded together with his fons, by '^94
drums und '~««^'>w
mand. I will do it, aniwer'd the king, F. Gabriel Chinon, then guardian.
lace. and will fend the fon of a Cham to Con- Sunday the 13th, pafling through tl'.e
or govcr- duit him. Sir, fiid Rujtan, he is not in Atmeidan, I l;iw a man gently beaten on
alick entry a Condition to prefent an Envoy of Tour the foles of his feet with a wand, be-
fc hundred Majt'fly's,and therefore it will fuffice to ing bound to a high poft, at which they
bcfidesone rend him a written Order by an Exprefs. fhoot with arrows upon publick felU-
xnt out to In fhort, three exprelles were fent with vals. Then I took notice of certain re-
iroceed, it the king's orders in March 1692. He ligious Per/tans. They wear a turbant
mcthing ot being a drinking, when they came, like the Turks, with a border about it,
cflbr, who tofs'd of a glals to the king's health, and the middle part Iharp, and cover'd
is, becaulc laying his majefty's letter on his head, with red cloth.
nd to the and from that time never drank wine. After dinner, I mounted a horfe-back,
;dor of the Being come to Ifpahan, he went to the and rode about the city. pafs'd We
whom in Ala-Capi, or houfe of refuge to which over feveral bridges on the river Schi-
by his fide, all criminals retire -, as alfo thofe who enkaic, which runs through the midft
/ian priells. are fent for by the king before they of Tauris, and has excellent water
Vt Beg, fon A anting know whether it is for their good or but fometimes it iWells fo high, that it
al)'d .f/Jfl/a-
'*">• "I'
evil. The king being inform'd by his over-flows a great part ot the city. I
rfian army/"-'-'" nephew was come, and lay in

that he obferv'd there were among the houfes
irTurks out the royal houfe of fmduary, order'd feveral corn-fields, as well as orchards.
Thegreat him to be brought out, and a good a- There are alfo in them feveral tombs,
1 Sultan Bi- partment fitted for him, becaufe he fome round, and others other fliapes, in
•van was his would fee him. Bigian being brought ending and cover'd on the
fliarp at top,
lys kept in before him, two days after he receiv'd out-fide with excellent black and blew
t the blood him very courteoufly, (iiying to him in tiles, full of charafters and Arabick let-
t Bigiai! was token of affedîon, Baba, grand- tliat is ters. Returning to the monaftery, I
ind of /1i- father, you arc welcome ; and asking met a man a horfe-back, with a turbant
ier his cne- whether he drank wine, he anfwer'd, after the Turkijh fafliion, a feather on
k upon him Tbiit tbo' he drank merrily during his A- the forehead, and on the fides two up-
This man bode at Tauris, yet after receiving His right horns of tin fix'd to the turbant,
c frown on Majefly's Orders, and drinking one Glafs between which ftood up a thing fliap'd
litki, rctir'd to his Health, he had never tajied any like a cilinder, cover'd with red and
'amis, with more. Then the king caufing wine to blew filk. They told me it was a Gi-
his greateft be brought, made him drink out of his rtm (there arc four of them in the ci-
wine in the own gold cup, and then fmoke out of ty) which are chitfs of the lerjeants,
lian Cham, his gold pipe then he gave him the
-, and fcrve ro proclaim the price of bread,
and Divan- poll his flither tiie great Rujlan held of and the fcntences given by the governor,
Jgcs, being great general, but he generoufly refus'd and his lieutenant.
nd well ad- it, pleading his age, nnd bell-eching Money (alh'ng fliort to continue my
ne day bid his majefty, if he thought fit to be- journey, and
pay for the horfe 1 had
lodeftiy an- ftow it OP his nephew Ruflan ; whole bought ; a catholick Artnenian of ZAilfa,
the honour l';uten.int ai Tauris he was contentetl whole name was Malachy, lent me eighty
i but die to be, the government of Tauris being crowns to be paid him at Ifpahan, upon
ask fomc ever united to the generallhip, which my bare word a courtefy 1 fhould
-,
Majrjiy Or- the king gracioufly granted, and with- fcarcc have met with in Chriftendom.
you reftore in a few months he went away to his Monday the 14th, I went to fee ihts.icn et'l
ir it enjoyed government. 'Tis true, his nephew did royal palace call'd Scien-n'i. I thought P'licc-
her Ruftan. not receive the profits belonging to the to have found a noble firi'thirc, but was
le had any poll of Cham of Tauris ; for the great difappointed, for tiK. .'ift floor was on-
ifi repiy'd, general never goes thither, but only ly three rooms and a gallery, which
igian Bcgv receives a fum of money of the lieute- leads garden,
into the A man mull
'J
le he liv'd. nant he appoints, who make their ad- have a care here no; to tread upon a J'
Hi Majejls's vantage of the relt Tiiis is the true certain rouml piece of white marble -,
uris. The hirtory of Sultan Beg, the great friend bccaule the Perjians holding it in great
your Uncle of the French Capuchin'^ ; and I hope the veneration, as a flone ot Mbrlofale,
laid Rujtan, reader will not difiike this Ihort digref- whoever fliould tranfgrefs would be ba-
iited i::m as
fion made on his account. (tcnado'd. I faw there two indift'erent
nu ple.lj? 13 During my (lay at Tauris, I lodg'd at gardens with almond , and apricot-
»((•, you "xitl
the Capuchin's,who have a good church trees,whereof there is great plenty in
been impns'A and monaftery there, through the boun- Tauris, and feveral forts of rofes. In
•nd for bun.
ty of Mirza- Ibrahim, who was inten- one of them was a fmall apartment, to
him dint of that province, and a great lover take the air in fummer: Having given
fcKt for
.'i-i-er.il the
I 12 u4 Voyage round the fVorld. Boo]
C H A p|
GEMELLithe g.irdiner a gratuity, I went on to It is much cftecm'd by that nation, who
'6';4-
take a better view of the Mofque of Of- place it on their tombs, and make cups
Jl'iii,nilii
manlu, which is the bed in Tauris, ami and other curiofities of it, which they
IllijIllUC- tlie Perfiiiiis let it go to ruin as polluteii prel(;nt as a rarity at Ifpabaii. All peo-
and heretical •, was built by
becaufe it ple unanimoufly affirm'd it was petrify 'd
the SiiHiiiSt who are followers of Omar, water ; denying that pofitively which 'Ta-
as was faid above. This ilru(5lure is vernier Ipeaks of at the caravanfera above- ma\
fquare, and the front of it over the mentioned. day
great gate, to which there is an afcent On the other fide of the flreet, oppo- or
of eight fleps, is curioully wrought, al- fite to this Mojque, is flill Handing the ccel
moft like Mofaick of curious blew, pur- front of the palace of the great priell, bac|
ple, black and white tiles, with two or Shec-Iman, artificially built of leveral ris,
high towers clofing above like a tur- colour'd ftones. Tr(\

bant, cover'd with the like work, but In my return home, I went to fee two llciriir„ but[
rais'd. Within there are winding itairs, hcatheii temples, call'd Uria-Schiagerct, tcm|iii-. the [
but that oii the left was half beaten that is, mafter and fcholar. They arc moi[
down by lightning. The Mofque with- both of them at a diftance from the ftinii
in adorn'o with curious painting, af-
is ftreet. That on the left, coming into the imp!
ter Moorijh falhion, and witii ci-
the city, is and fquare, with two
the leaft, othel
plicrs, and Aruhick letters in blue, and great gates, and thirty windows about ter
gold. The gate of the Alofque is not it. The cupola which had been round, 8»lt mines. \>l
four foot wide, but all of one piece of was fallen. The temple on the right is aboi
tranfparent white flone, twenty four foot of the fame ftrudlure, but much bigger. whit
Nile. high, and twelve in breadth. Here is a Between the great gate ami the Atmei- are c
rii/faie in the author mentioning two feve- ân, there are two vaft pillars flanding, is fo
ral breadths, ivhicb I know not how to which appear to have fupported another fteps
reconcile, the reader may judge of it. The temple near the other two. The fronts as at
cupola is thirty four paces diameter, with are of the fame workmanfhip before- they
the fame fort of work within, fcarcc to mentioned ; but the ftrudlure, tho' very Tl
be out-done by the curious pencil. It thick, is of good brick, and fo antient, the
is fupported by twelve marble pillars that it cannot laft long. ting,
witiiin, and by lixtcen without, which are Two
musket-f]iot further is the curious drum
very high, and each of them fix foot large front of a Mofque of the (iime work- for al
fquare, with niciies on the out-fides to manfhip, going to ruin. Going in (leap- the g
leave the fliooes, as •"<
praftis'd by the ing over the marble of Mortofile) there At tl
i. ''l
Miibometaiis. About it is a rail with appears a fine 'arge garden full of feve- from
doors to go from one fide to the other. ral forts of trees and flowers ; at the end tower
'J'here is a v/ay round three pares of it, whereof there are fome great fabricks, pie tc
for the fourth leads to another lefs cu- which they fay belong'd to an old Pagaa half i
pola, but more beautiful, and gilt. The tem,)le, call'd Alufcian-Taghi, which had beat,
pavement is of bright marble, like that two gates on the fides, and one in the keep
of the front, and the pillars are cas'd front. There is alfo a great Iquare en- may j
with it eight fpans from the ground. clos'd with good brick walls, which ferves impri:
7'his cupola is curioully .idorn'd about upon pu'-'lick rejoycings. the fa
with a lore of violet-colour work, let Taking th- .idvicc of the Capuchins, V tice tl
olV with flowers of gold and the pave- •, who courteoufiy entertain'd me as their watch
ment is two fpans lower than chat of :he gueft, I left company
of Perfians,
the
-: about
tirlt. The outfide of the great cupola to prevent being robb'd on the by thcin V fore f.
is cover'd with green tiles, with fmall road, or at leaft by the Ratters ; who A great IVe
white flowers, and the other with white becaufe they arc not paid by the Maho- i,...-,;r. dofme,
ihrs r-i a black ground, whicn are plea- metans, among other infolencies, delight the rr
liint to behold. Within the Mofque on in ilripping a Frank. Thefe fellows are ing t<
the left hand, is a walnut-tree feat rais'd fo infatiable, that no purfr cin hold pence
upon fix fteps leaning againfl the wall out to fatisfy them, as has been lliid be- great.
of the firll and on the right

cupola ; fore ; tho' :n Tauris, becaufe it was a Abdei
another of the fame fort, but better work- city, th / took but five abafTis of me. or ti
manfhip. About it is a fmall rail, with For this reafon I refolv'd for the more we fa
fourteen fleps up to it. On the fouth- fafety to expedt fome company of mer- fee-h(
lide there are two great tranfparent chants^ who do not ufe to travel un- a pro
ftones, which look red when the fun provided. ty in
fliines on them. This they fay is a fort Tuefday the i5tli, a Jefuit, a bare i'oot keep
of alabafter, made by the petrifying of Carmelite, and an /lugujlinian let out the M
the water, a day's journey from Tau- for Erzerum, after tliey had been fcve- a col
ris, where it foon furdens in a ditch. ral days in the fame monaftcry of the with
Caru -
Ne
Vc
I'
J:'
Book
who
I
Chap. II. Of PERSIA. wi
ition,
make Clips Capuchins. They
rode on horfcs of their ravanfera, cofTee-houfe, and ice-houfeGEMEiLi
ivhich tliey own bought tliere being none
at Taiiris, made by Mirza- Ibrahim, brother to^ '^')i-
All peo- to hire, but when caravans go. Thefc Mirza-Sadoc, who had the charge of'-''""'^'^^
ns petrify 'd fathers had gone before by the way of Muftofi Mumalik, or high chancellor.
which Ta- Bagiht i and when they came to Kar- There is a great gate to the Mofque,
(era above- vianica, a city on the frontiers, four whole front and cupola are curioufly
days journey from Babylon, the Cham, adorn'd with tiles of feveral colours in-
•eet, oppo- or Bajj'it would not fufier them to pro- genioufly plac'd. Firft there is a fine,
anding the ceed v fo that they were oblig'd to turn but fmall garden, on the one fide where-
re.it priell, back to Hamirdan, by the way of Tau- of is a little, but neat Mofque, with two
: ol fevcral ris, in order to go thence to Aleppo, or little towers on the fides, handfomly
Trabezoncl, and thence to CoHjian:inople ',
cover'd with the fame tiles. Oppofite
to fee tWOHnilir^ but in their return th'iy were robb'd by to it is a divan with fuch like towers,
Schidgetyt, 'enipii- the Kallars both of their cloaths and and a great fountain of water before it
They arc money, efpecially the Portuguefe Augu- to make the dwelling the pleafanter,
from tlie fiiman, who loft eighty crowns, and was all adorn'd after the fame manner with ffl
ng into the imprilbn'd with his fervant ; nor did the ftones. At a fmall diftance is ano-
with two other two French fathers meet with bet- ther little Mofque, fet off after the fame
ows about ter ufiige. manner.
ecn round, 8»lt mines. We muft not forget to obferve, that Thence we went to the palace ofii'Vz.r-
he right is about Taurii there are good mines of Mirza-Taer, fon to Mirza- Ibrahim, then ^•"''^ ''?»-
"^°'
uch bigger, white fait ; that within the city there vizier of Abderbegiam (the beft of four
the Atmei- are excellent frefh waters, to which there tfiere are in Pcrfia) in his father's plare,
s (landing, is fometimes an afcent of fifty or fixty who was einploy'd in receiving the re-
ed another fleps ; and that there is a mint as well venues of two provinces. The outward
The fronts as at Er'ivan, where during my flay, ftrudture was of mud, made but a bale
lip before- they coin'd abaffis. ar pearance but going in, I fiw a fine
-,
,
the' very The Capuchins monaftery being near garden with feveral water-works, and
io antienc, the Meidan, every evening at fun-fet- beautify'd with trets and flowers. Thence
ting, I heard the ungrateful mufick of I went to fee the fummer apartments
the curious drums and trumpets, being the fignal the Aram or womens apartment, and
lame work- up fhop, and for
for all perfons to fhut a ftately divan, tho' not finilh'd, to
ig in (leap- the guards fcour about the Bazars.
to adminifter juftice ; all adorn'd with
if'ile) there At the fame time the Mullahs cry out marble, and well enough painted af-
11 of feve- from the tops of houfes, not from the ter the country flifhion. On the two
at the end towers like the Turks, calling the peo- fides there were four curious marble
fabricks, ple to prayers. About an hour and a ftones fix'd in the wall, being almoft
old Pagau h.df after night, an untuneable drum as fine as alabafter, with a great foun-
which kid bear, being the fign forperfons to all tain in the middle. Here I much ad-
3ne in the
Iquare en-
keep within doors which, none
;
may go without a light, upon pain of

after mir'd the fimmetry and proportion the
Perfians obferve in tiieir apartments, M
lich ferves imprilonment. Two hours before day as well in the windows and balconies, /
the fame drum beat again^ to give no- as in the roofs and paintings, On the
Capuchins, tice to Ihop-keepers, that the guard, or other fide of the garden was the win-
as their watch was going off, after having walk'd ter apartment then finifli'd, with a lit-
Pcrfians, about the Bazars all night, and there- tle divan, but curioufly painted, and
|iii on the fore ev?ry man muft look to his own. gilt with feveral flowers in blew and
trs ; who A great IFahtefday the 1 6th, F. George of Fen- gold after the Arabian manner. We
lie Mtih'o- fi.u.:r. dofme, a Frenchman, and fuperior of alfo fiw another little but curious gar-
k delight the monaftery, carry'd me in the morn- den, and another divan well fet out,
llows are ing to fee the Bazar built at a vaft ex- adjoyning to which there were very de- t.i"
:;in hold pence by Aiirca-Sadoc, he was whilft licate little rooms, all gilt and painted,
fiid bc- great, and intendant of the province of with fome looking-glaffes fix'd on the
jit W.1S a Abdergiam, all cover'd with large bricks, wall, oppofite to one another, as alfo
of ine. or tiles hardned in the fun. Near it a chimney adorn'd with the fame glafs,
Ihc more wc faw a caravanfera, a bath, and cof- which with the reflexion of the fun
lof mer- fee-houfe, built by the fame man, with dazled the eyes. The floor was cover'd
xvcl un- a prodigious trench fifty foot deep, fix- with good Perfian carpets, and in ths
- ty in length, and forty in breadth, to rooms there wpê alabafter fountains
lare foot I keep ice, taken out of a pool, where to pleafe the eye ; the whole well e-
our the water foon freezes. Clole by it is nough contriv'd by the ingenious Perfi-
I let
In fcvi;- a college to inftrudl the Per/tan youth, ans, according to the aforefaid Mirza-
|of the with a Mofque in it. Taer's good f.incy. He has alfo built a
Cr7,"«-
Next we went to fee the Mofyue, ca- good caravanfera in the Meidan, which
VOL. IV. G": is
114 J Pâyage round tie Warld.
GiuELLi is therefore callM Artrza-Taer, and ano- that it they fliould take it of!" with an
'694- ther where money was actually coin'd ; ointment, as the Turkijh women do, the
^-^^^^^both of diem large and good urudtures. (kin would grow hard.
He has alio an admirable garden on Three miles from Tauris is a gold Colj
that of the city next Ifinihany in
fide mine, but the coft being greater than the coppc,
whicJi there are all forts of European profit, they have given over working'"'"^'
'<%
fruit, and by it two plealijrchoulcs. at it. Four days journey from the lame
Near this palace are thofe built by Mir- city is anotlier oi copper, which brings
za-SaJoi; and Afirza-Ibrubim, his father a great income into the king's coffers.
and uncle, which are truly magnificent Wtiillf I cxpedteil the fctiing out of
both as to their ftrufturc, and inward one JuS'Bajci, a Georgian renegado, wlio
ornament. was to go to the cour' of Jjpaban ; to
Returning by the mint, I went in to avoid idlenels, I roiie to t.ike the air
fee a large cupola clofe by it, which out of the city, in the company of a
tlie Per/tans call E'âra, in which were Frenchman, who was acquain'.ctl witli
the richcll, and moll valuable commo- tJK country, and well known by pcr-
dities of the city. Near it is the gold- fons of quality. When we h;id gone
fmiths, and filverfmiths ftreet, with two miles, we faw upon the right hand
(lately arches of curions brick, but co- on a mountain, a britlgc fifty p.iccs long,
ver'd like all the llreets and Bazars in with Itatcly arches, of no ul'e to the
the cift. publick, bccaufe there never was any
SuperiUti- "-Thurfday the 17th, pafTing through the water there, not is it pofTible to carry
on oi bar- place where the gallows ftands, I took any thither. Asking what that bridge
notice of a (iiperltition, or folly of the was built for, they told me that a Mul-
men.
barren Prrfian women ; who go three lah defiring 10 be Vpoken of by tlie king
Win or four times under the gallows, whillt
the botlies of melafaftors who were adlu-
had
the
built
it ; knowing that Scia-Abat
king of Perjia, w.as to come
firfl,
ally hanging which I Ihould fcarce have

•, to Tauris, and could not come any other
belicv'd, had I not feen it. They ima- way. The king accordingly coming,
gine the dead body can infufe fruitful- and enquiring after that ufclefs ftrudure,
m-m nels into the womb, and make them

breed children and fo tliey cone:':, and
•,
the Mullah, who was at hand anfwer'd.
Sir, it was I that built it, that nhen
hold it for certain. That pafTing fevcral your Majejly came you might enquire
times over the aqueduct, which con- who did it. Others fay it was built by
veys the water from the bath, wiicre a woman.
mLMi are aftually batliing, they receive Going two miles from thence, and
the lame virtue of conceiving. I believe looking towards the north, on a moun-
the bath may make them fruitful, but tain not far diftant from the city, I
not the gallows with the dead bodies. law the ruins of a Mofque, and below it
Inftead of razors, the men pull up a fort and temple lioth dcftroy'd, and
their beard,and the women their down abandon'd by the Perftans, as being
witii which puts the men to
pincers, built by the Turks ; but there is a mo-
great pain, drawing out the root that nallery entire on the brink of the pre-
it may not grow again, for they fear cipice.
CHAP. III.
;S C.invjn
'S (cms in
'Tlje Defcription of tlx Cities on the Road to Kom. P,-rfui.
REturning the monaflcry in the

to men, who have never handled weapons,
evening, was intorm'il that the
I and makes !,is advantage of their pay.
'Jus-Bafci, who
a captain of one hun-
is We travell'd all night over the plain
dred men of the country troops, was upon between barren mountains, and at break
his departure ; therefore making the belt of day after riding twenty miles in
provilion I could in hafte, I let out at kvtn hours, came to the car.ivanfera
two in morning on Friday the i8th,
the of Sciemli, built betwixt thole moun-
with Ma'acby the Armenian. We went tains by king of Perfia. It is
Scia-Sofi,
to the Jus-Bafci'a houfe, and ilay'd half a good ftrudurc, wirii a noble fiont fit
an hour till lie was ready, after which to contain one hundred perlons, and
he mounted with only twelve followers, their horfes becaulc the country be-
;
moft of them unarm'd ; and this becaufc, tween Tauris and Ifpaban, and Ormus
tho' the king pays for one hundred men, and Ifpahan is iniiabited, and tlitre is
either he has them not, or elfe lifts townf- :)i..'d of fuch good laiL'.e ciravanferas.
Here
JPi^tfi
.Book I.
Chap. III. Of PERSIA. ^
r witli ail Ra/lars who take an forc'd plow with four or fix oxenvGEMEi.it
to
Here the are,
;n lb, the but paid it not a child fitting on the yoke of the fore- '^94
abafTi lor eve. horle i I
who was moft to keep them t',<)ing. t-.^.'NJ

on the fcore of the Ifus-Bafii,
is gold CoM
a on iliat road. Having
refptxltd The Jus-Bafii would needs have me
miirii
er than thefTic! Hrll dimb'd, and then gone down a pro- dine with him, exprefTing much kind-
r working"'"" liigious mountain, we pafs'd by a lake ncls, a thing rare among the Perjians^
11 the fjiiit:
full ot wilde gcelc. Thence there are who make a fcruple of eating with chri-
lich brings two roads to ffnahan ; the one through flians, and think
their touching of meat,
cofiers.
's
ArdtvH ;ind Casbhi, leaving the lake on pollutes but he being a Georgian re-
it i
ing out of the .igiit, and riding along the moun- negado was not fo prccife. During the '"Iw tt -'
g.uio, who tains 1 and the other tlirough Kom and dinner he told me all his life, faying," l'"".''^^."'
fpaban i to '" '^'
Kafcinn, leaving the lake on the left. he was the fon of a prince of Georgia, '
ke the air 'I'his way we took, riding ten miles and had but lately recover'd his libertv,
ipany ol a through a well-cultivated country to after two years imprifonment at Taur'is,
in'.c'd widi the viil.tge of Agia/lga, to which we where he had chains on his hand, neck
n\ by per- came Ix-loie noon. There we found a and feet, having been mifreprefented to
h;id gone Eood caravanfera but Malachy and I
; the king by his enemies, and being now
right hand lodr/d in a Turk's houfe. The night reftor'd to favour, he was going to fee
paces long, at this time of the year is very cold in the king, and a brother he had that was
ull- to the Pi'rjhi, and the day as hot as in Itnl^). furveyor of the mint, whom he had not
r was any We lay ftill the remaining part of Sa- feen for fourteen years paft. Others
le to carry tiirJny the 19th ; And, told me he hac. been imprifon'd on ac-
that bridge Suwiay the 20th, waiting for the cool count of his extortions in foinc villages
that a Mul- of night to fet out, my horfe getting
t!\e of Armenians, where he had the com-
by the king loofe, took fuch a run, th.ic 1 thought mand, who ai laft fent their complaints
t Scui-Mat I fhould never have feen him again ; but to court. We
difcours'd about the op-
as to come a Moor mounting another, follow'd and portunity the king of Perfia then had,
le any other brought him back. At fun-fet we con- of making war upon the Turk, anil how
ly coming, tinu'd our journey over the plain, and eafy it were for him to conquer what
ifs ftrudture, there a mighty rain, which Lifted
fell he pleas'd. He faid, he and every body
id anfwer'd. feveral hours, making it fo dark, that clfe defir'd it, but that the king being
that ubeH we could not fee our way ; fo that we wholly taken up with the pleafures of
\ght enquire wander'd half the night. This oblig'd the Aram, let flip fo favourable an op-
iâs built by us to take a guide at a village, who pc-tunity.
conduded us to the caravanfera of Gui- The fun being almoft down, and the
hence, and lacb, having rode fifteen miles in fix heat of his rays abated, wc fet forwards
a moun- hours. My
horle fdling in the dark and travelling twenty one miles in fcven
the city, I into a ditch, broke one of my piftols, hours thro* an uneven country, but culti-
below it and I was well wafli'd. vated and well peopl'd, we came to the
roy'd, and Moiulas tiie 21 If, we relied about an village of Jus-Bafci-Caudi, leaving be-
as being hour in tliis caravanfera and then fet out -, hind us the open town of Turcoma.i, fear-
a mo-is to enjoy the cool air not that our ; ed in the midft of a valh y. The Jus-
of the pre- lodging was bad, the caravanfera fia- Bafci continu'd his Perfian civility at din-
ving been built with great CDft by a ner, making ufe of his hand inftcad of a
rich citizen of the province of Guihtn, fjioon, and taking up the rice by hand-
whofe name it bears. Ten miles from fuls to put into mine, and Malacby'n
C.invan- it we pafs'd by the caravanfera of Daut- plate -, a fwinifh civility in Europe, but a
rcr.is in ler, built with flone, whereas the others great compliment in Ajia. There the rice
Pfrfut.
are of brick. In Pcrfia there arc good is broughtin one dilb, and the flefli in
car.ivanferas every four leagues Light another, which are dirtributcd by the ) n
their
weapons,
the
at
pay.
plain
break
miles further
the
valley. countryThe
we came before noon
of Carn^ciman, feated in a
village
we travell'd
through that night was plain, but the
to chief of the guefls.
with his
When dinner was
over, the Jus-Bafci ftood a
hand up
warm w.ater to wafli oft' the greele.
in the air,
good while
waiting for
m
miles in next tiay mountains, yet well culti- Some of the inhabitants came to lee E.ifincfi
iravanfera vated, no part of it waft
there being me in this village, the report being fprcad "' the
''''/'"'•
le moun- anil I can avouch, there is no plain fo abro.ad, that I was an amballîdor font
Jia. It is green on tiie frontiers of Pcrfia or Tur- 'o the king, by the chriftian princes,
(lont iit ky at that time of the year. This is and would not make known my clia-
Ions, and the realbn that provifions are fo plen- rader, till came to Ijpabjn.
I They
iintry be- tiful,that a man may have bread e- were the more eafily induc'd to believe
nd Ormui nougli to fervc him a day for a tornefe it by their own pracflice, becaufe they
1 tlitre is of N.iples, which is lefs than a {x;nny. receive any pcrfon as an ambaflador,
av.infer.is. But the ground is ftift", and they are that brings but a letter of recommen-
Here dation
II<j ^ jôj^jfjtf ro««</ the PFdrld.
Gemelii elation to the king from any prince in Jia- kings of Per/ia, and that of Scia-Sofi ac-
'^+- h V and therefore he that comes in this counted a faint, for which realon all the
*''"*'"^ Per/tans go thither in pilgrimages. That
nature, is receiv'd with great iionour
by the firft Cbam, upon the frontiers, Mofquf has eighty thouliind crowns reve-
who at the iiing's expence condufls him nue, dillributed among the poor, and
to anorher governor's liberty, till lie is the priefts belonging to it. Not far
brought to the king at Ifpahait. Several from the aforefaid bridge is a rock a-
merchants procure fucli letters, to fpare part from the reft, where there appear
the charge of cuftoms, and the guards fome remains of antient fortifications,
on tiie roads, as alfo to be carry'd all and of a caftle on the top. The 7"^-
riie way at the expence.
king':, Here Bafii told me a woman had built that
we were warn'd to be upon our guard fort, Ihe whilft Ihe liv'd being pofll'lj'd
for fear of thieves becaufe the inha-
-, of the city and places about the moun-
bitants of the village of Miana being tains, which could never be taken from
ni! Si
run away, not being able to pay the her becaufe of the narrow paiTes on the
taxes, and having no other way to hills. Having travell'd thirty three miles
live, many of 'em wandered about to in eleven hours through a barren coun-
robtravellers. This did not much fright try, abounding only in liquorice and
I.I' we h\\ted before noon at the
me, knowing they were mod of them thieves,
unarm'd. caravanfera of Sin-Malava, feated on a IS
We refted here all the remaining part mountain, with feven well built towers, ma
of the day in a Perfian'% houfe, and fet which at a diftance make it look like a
out towards night. An hour after a caftle. There were abundance of par-
good fhower of rain fell, which made it io tridges all about, but as hard as ftones,
dark tiut we were forced to take a lan- and of anodier colour and taft than
tliorn and a guide. After three hours ours i there are fome like ours, but on
riding the Jus-Bafci would reft near % the mountains.
river. We fet forward again two hours It is not fo fife travelling in Per/ia, D-mgnj
before day, and favelling over barren as I had thought ; for a man may light °"
I"":
mountains and valleys about fun-rifing, upon robbers, or Ciapars, which are theJfV"
after riding fifteen miles in five hours, king's meflengers, who carry letters from
found our felves in the aforefaid village one province to another, by order of the
of Miana, a dirty place, as being feat- governors or princes. Thefe have au-
ed among marfhes. There was no foul thority to take away any man's horle
in it i for as I fakl, they were all fled, they meet on the road, which they ufu-
leaving their houfes and goods. There ally fend back a day or two after, and
were only two Rattan, who durft not they but a ftranger to very great trouble.
come near us. We
faw an excellent ca- The Rattars having intelligence fenE
ravanfera new built, and another gone them by the OJabafci, or overfeer of the
to ruin. The country was not bad, and caravaniera came in the evening, but, fee-
will certainly be peopled again. ing the "Jus-Bafci, durft not demand the
Four miles from the village we crofs'd duty ; but asking him leave to praftifc
the great river of Miana, where there their cheating po".!i'er upon me and Ma-
was once a bridge of thirty arches, lacby, he chid and fent them away.
whereof only fix are now (landing. We fVednefday t"ie 23d, about night we
forded over all the four branches it is continu'd our journey, and about two
divided into, the laft of which is fo hours after began the ufual rain with
:l
deep, that in the winter there is no paf- thunder and lightning. Two hours be-
fing it a horfe-back, but on camels. fore day we pafs'd by the caravanfera of
A high Then wc afcended a mountain call'd Sane/ma, well built of brick, with four
Mounuin. Kaplaitlii, the higheft in the road to If- towers at the four angles. So we tra-
pahan, which on the other fide has a vell'd fifteen miles in five hours and a
long upright defcent to the river, over half through a barren country, and un-
which there is an excellent bridge of fit for plowing. Having relied an hour
three arches, ne'vly built, call'd Cafi- and a half, wc advanc'd twenty five miles
lofan. This river as well as chat be- further in feven hours and a half, and came
fore mention'd, after croffing the pro- at laft in the morning, to the village of
vince of GIMan, where they are both Nuhl/a, where we unloaded the beafts in
of them dr.iwn out into feveral tren- the caravanfera call'd NiMe. To avoid drmr.-
ches to water the corn, run down to the fo often repeating the fame thing, 1 (<;"» Îf-
Cafpian fea. The

villages about this niuft obferve once for all, that the ca-''-""^'^-
mountain pay nothing to the king, be- ravanfera's in Peijia, are all built with
caufe they belong to the Mofqiic of Jr- brick, after the fame model, and arc
devil, wlijre there are fomc tombs of large and magificcnt ; bui lo uniform
and
I'!
:
t .>:
j
Book I. Chap. III. 0/PERSl A. 117
Sofi :ic-
and well proportion'd, that they are caravanfera of DiJ(i, .it the end of nincGEviEiti
I all the not inferior to the beft ftrudurcs in Eu- miles, at break of day on Saturday the ^94-
. Thai About the court arc the rooms 26th, after travelling fifteen miles further
'-'^'^
rope.
ns reve- for travellers, who if they will not put we came to Suliania.
Qr, aiiii
their horfcs into the large (tables, which This city was formerly feveral times 5*''/""j
Sot far .-irebehind, may tie them before their the court of the kings of Pirjui ; and '">'•
rock a- rooms to a itone with a hole in it, plac'd the great (truftures laid itvcl with the
: appear there for that purpofe. In the Itables ground, make it appear that it would
icatiuns, over tiie mangers, there are niches for (till be one of the belt cities in tlic
he Jus- the muletiers or grooms to lie, who na- kingdom, had it not been deltroy'd by
]ilt that turally love being there better than clfe- its own kings, and not by Tamerlane.
poflcli'd where. This caravanfera of Nichbe has There (till remain the ruins of three
; moun- four towers at the angles, and an ex- MofqueSy whofe cupola's .ind towers
cn from cellent front, where on a long piece of were cover'd with tiles of Icveral co-
s on the fine marble, the founders name and qua- Jours. One of them has the two front
rec miles lity is writ in Arabick characters j for towers (till (landing, but without the
:n coun- thefe caravanferas are commonly built tops, by reafon of their extraordinary
irice and by rich perlbns for the benefit 01' their height.
1 at the fouls. The lower part of the Ifrufture Sidtania is featcJ in a valley, whofe
teU on a is of white and red (tone, mij.;'d like greatclt breadth from eall to weft is
; towers marble. not above three leagues. Its compal';

>k like a Having rcfted the remaining part of is of many miles, becaule of tlie abun-
of par- I'burfday the 24th, we (et out before mid- dance of fields, gardens, and ruin'd
is (tones, night by the light of a lanthorn, which houfes there are in it. Some (cw poor
;aft than was not fo clear but that we went out houfes ftill ftanding are ill contriv'd
i, but on 4\ of our way twice, which we afterwards the Bazar is only one long (Ireet, and
found out by the natural brightnefs of the ciravanfera but very indifferent.
inPerfia, Dangeri the fcrene air. Having travell'd twenty The air is not wholcfome by reafon
nay light °" I'": four miles in eight hours through an un- of the neighbouring mar(hes. It is go-
i_ Ti road in
:h are the p„,. even country, we came to Zangan, a vern'd by a Cham, to whom the adja-
:ter$
Jer
n's
of the
have au-
from
horfe
m large town, but dirty, whofe houles were
ill built with mud, and in no order.
But there arc excellent gardens with
variety of fruit and flowers, as alfo
cent parts are alfo fubjed. (hould
not have taken the way of Suliania,
but another two miles from it on the
left, where is the ufual caravanfera for
We
|they ufu- trees for fuel, planted by the induftry the caravan of Ifpahan. came this We
fter, and of the natives (a rarity in that part way becaufe the Jus-Dafci had fome
trouble. of the country, where there is not a bufinefs. The Rattars came to us to
ence fenE tree to be feen allabout to flielter a J)lay
their part, and went firft to Ma-
er of the man) and with that wood they give achy, who to avoid paying feign'd him-
but, fec- the fire fome nobler matter to feed on, felf a Georgian, and inquiring after me,
and the it being generally made of the dung of told them I was a Frank that went to
praftife their beafts. What I mo(t admir'd, is, Ifpahan to (erve the king. Hearing this,
nd Ma- that tho* there was fucli fcarcity of and feeing us with the Jns-Bajci, a pcr-
trees, yet the gentry and country peo- fon in authority, they took our words.
gnt we ple all carry'd dubs in their hands, The fame man fav'd me a toman, which
lout two which they call Afcu. is worth nineteen crowns of Naples ;
ain with We thought to have gone on that which was the fum a fervant of the
ours be- f.une day to Sultei/tia, but confidering king's melTengcr demanded to pay all
infera of the horles had the day before travell'd the Rattars their due.
ith four forty miles and better, and to fave ex- That fame day we fct out two hours
we tra- pofing our (lives to the fun, we alter'd after night, having fiilt fitted the Jui-
and a our minds, and Itay'd in a cofFee-houfe, Bafci's iervants pillols, for fVar of rob-
and un-
an hour
where we refted all Friday the 25th, en-
joying the frefb air all the while by the
bers. We
plain country
through a
travell'd ail night
well without
cultivated,
"*
noife of a cold large fpring which riles meeting any fufpicious perfon ; but had >t
ive miles
ind came in the niid(t of it, preferring our (tay there been occafion, we mult have built a
illage ot" here before the good caravanfera at Zin- fmall fort to plant a falconer, one of the
bealls in gaii. The Rattttrs came to the cofFee- king's foldiers that was with us carry'd
"o avoid Oranr. houfe, but durft not demand any thing. inftead of a musket ; for my p.irt I
hing, 1 ic"^ df- After fuppcr we mounted, ten Turks, could fcarce lift it from the ground,
tlie ca-
lcrib">l.
and two of the king's foldiers joining nor can I imagine how he could fire it.
ilt with us. We
travell'd without a lanthorn After three lea'^vies riding wc palVd by
ind arc througli a plain dry country, the sky the caravanfera of AUah-hutrr, and then
uniform being bright, and pafTing by the little by that of Talife, and having travell'd
and Vol. IV. h H twenty
1
'••B^^^l .Chap. HI. 0/ P ER S 1 A. 119
r our (oiir-
ther in tour hourj, we refted at fuch annot buy a horfe, knowing I was aboutîMnn
attlc
other caravanlcra cali'd Kofchkeiia. Then
tccil- him.
vcry
"X!^
'-^'^^ ,
^',oo»l
going on as many miles more on IVednej- That fame IK'JiiefiLiy about evening
Cfiiiii, or we forward, without tearing the
ilay joth, wc came to the caravanfera fct
it ill Jliily.
anil villatje of Dontb, where the two change of weather and rain, as we did
Ill tlicy run aforementioned roads to J/pahan meet. at Tauris. Having rode twelve miles
ni^lit they another good in four hours (I meafur'd the way after
[
Three miles from this is
and ill iIk-
caravanlcri, lor thofc that come from this manner, becaufe tlic Per/ian dif-
t.iins. 1 l.i-
y.'nifvi! and Casbin. That of Dongb is fer from the Titrkijh league;, and arc
tiirthtr in
lingular for ftrudlure ; for whereas all the not always alike) wc pafs'd by a cara-
vill.i^L- ol the court with vanfera v and ten miles further gone in
have rooms about
'
fell
.1 the cool .irches Ix-fore them fummer, to lleep in four hours, wc came to the city Sav.i,
e arc alonn and places behind for the horfes, this where wc lodg'd in a carav.uifcra made
l\p,e in J'lr only a continued row of mud.
on the contrary is
ilic taule ol of open arches, the founder being rc- The city Sava is feated in a fruitful -^•'•' ''')'•
Ik'Kl.s, anil folv'd that travellers Ihould lie cool there plain, with abundance of villages about
ii»it-trc'cs ifi
all weathers. The ftrurture is of good It ; and looks handfome, tho' many of
IS. 'I'lieiice
brick, and all the front is a large in- the houfes arc of mud. The vails wliiih
lioiill's Imik jcription, containing as I was told, the are four miles in compal's, are tailtii
nent ot tr*- founder's name and peculiar virtues. At down in feveral jilacc-r., only walli'd a-
a fmall dillance is a good fountain of way by the rains ; which has been tiie
country
he cool water. fiite ot liie fort llanding on tlie top of
room, very Chfiptra- Before we proceed any further it is a hill. There would be good Alojgihi
breeches for velliiiK in proper to oblervc, that it is very cheap were they nor ruiii'd witli age. 'The
they were /"''/'>•
(ravelling through all the dominions of principal trade of this city conlllls in
:y were lea- Perjia. For in the firlt place, whether certain fmall long furrs, which not only
tlicqucdion, a man buys or hires a horfe the rate is the Perfians, but all the chrillians of the
was a wrcll- very eafy, and provifions are fold for a e.ill ule for lining thiir garments and
Ptrjia wear fmall matter, by reafon the Pcrfians are caps.
as too lean Jparing and temperate \ living a whole Leaving tlie city S^na on 7btirf,!,i\ the
Lnowing that: tuy ufjcn A little cheele, or lour milk, lit of Jtily, live miles from it, we law
nlelves daily in which they dip the countiy bread, on a high ground another ruin'il fort,
eal weights, which as thin as a wafer, infipid, and
is in which was a good cillern, becaule all
in with too of the colour of a pumice -ftone. At about there, tho' they have good brojks
IS fail!they noon and night they add to it a lu'tle they ufe rain-water, and feven miles be-
ind fome of rice, or pilao, fonietimes boil'd in f. ,t yond that we crofs'il a river. Wc found
e. Come in water. I was not able to hold out w.th the country well cultivated, and abun-
and you will that fîre, and fometimes made provifion dance of villages for above three leagues j
ill aftonilh of eggs and lamb in the villages we and after twenty miles riding came to
willnot be pafs'd through ; treating the jfus-Ba/ci, the caravanfera of Guvar-ylkid ; the
you, for he as I did my I'elf alio with good wine and larged and bell in Pt'>jii\ were not a
lb that you brandy. Only wood is dear thercj and great part of it fallen down, and out ol
11 go to Ij- therefore inftead ol it they make ufe of ufe. Therefore they have built two o-
order
ihall tiung. About Do>!gh I took notice of the thers near a good fpring, where alnioll
edious hours folly of the natives, who tho* they have all travellers lodge, and we llay'd after
ignorance, excellent grapes, do not know how to fix hours riding.
•Jiis-Bnjli's preferve the wine, but put the mull un- The jfuf-Biifti, whole name was Mt'-
tor hipjKT. der ground into cillerns daub'd with iuh-Sader-Bt'g, had invited me and Ma-
ALihicbs for lime. lady to a village of his an hours riding
ing's wrelt- Mellcn. That very morning we met an cxprefs from Suva \ and wc not to difpleale
moncy ; a-foot coming from Jjpabaii. Me h.id fix him, had promis'd to go dine there
lot ib inlb- hanging about his girdle, juft
liorli'-b<-lls one day. Being to go that fame day,
ank ; efpe- like themules of our mclVengcrs. This we nderflood he was gone to the bath,
ng to I'crve they do both to be known, andtochear am. therefore we thought lit to proceed
tiicin to walk. Thole that fervc princes on our journey, charging his lervants to
ing on Tiit'j- have to the number of twelve, and
may make our excufe h)r us ; and the more
n our iour- others according to their quality. becaufe jxrhaps lie would have Itav'd
niiles in fix Thf 7;.;- To return to our Jia-Bafci, his beha- long in his village to gather niony,
ra otRehc- viour was rather like a courtier than cour- whereof he Hood in need. 'Tiiis village
gc and well teous ; for if he eat or drank, he faid it was given him by the king tor his life, P>y ('f':i
ic entrance, was for my fake ; and I would have been befides fifty 7'omiiis a year, the common 7"--B->ji>'
tho' llat- glad he had been more fparing of his pay of the Jui-Bufd's, wliicli amounts
any village favours. He alfo reprefentcd it as a great to qô crowns ol our iiioticy, it bein;j
link") fur- piece of refpcdl and civility tiiat he did ulual, over and above this, to give nil
ther thoR-
r,S
A Voyage round the }VorU.

I
I 20 Book J. Chap. I
CfMitri tliofe that Ii.ive tlefcrvM well,and ar- gltixlc, ami 35 of latitude, and is about trance
'^» in f.ivour, .1 village, which it worth to ten miles in compafs, but as well the there
^'^'"^thrm rooo, or 2000 crowns a year. walls as houles have been in great mea- templt
This the kinp; particularly jiradtilc* with furc beaten down by the rains. Nei- bcholi
ihc Georgi.wt, to remove ttu in tar from ther are the Iquares beautiful, the mr that
their country, that they may not think BazArs and fhops rich, there lx;ing Icarrc middle
of" revolting. But before he gives thcni nny thing but provifions. But there arc right t
any employment, he caul'cs them to be fevrra! Mojquei that might be call'il ticau- t.'iat u
circumcisM cither by fair means or by tiful, were they not let run to uin, alms
foul knowing that tho' they be not
•, the natives not regarding to repair old this dil
thcmlclves, yet their children will be ab- buildings out ot the vanity of erecting middle
Iblute Afabomilain. The fame misfor- new ones t and they told me that any Being
tune had happened to our Jui-Bitlli, once man who was well to pals would thinK who w(
Cham of the province ot Ciori in GVar- himfelf milcrablc, lliouid he ilie without books,
gia, who, blinded with intcrert, rcnounc'd founding tome Mofque. The caravanlc- up, am
fliriilianity 1 which his mother and fi- Ms are convenient, and fome of them have ami ont
lters would not do, tho' carry'd for that n fk)or up flairs. The fruitfulnels of the about
purpole to Yet difcourfing to-
Ifpahaii. foil plentifully fupplies the city with grain, That cl
f,ethcr fevcral times he told me, he was ami all forts of fruit. Here
good Turky
is into the
not well pleas'd with the king ; ami leather of all colours made, for the Pa- was an
that if he did not make good to him puces or fhoocs. in tiie
200000 crowns he had been a lotcr by Tlut fame day, taking alongAAf
a guide ,•„ tna, gr.i
his imprifonmcnt, he would certainly with me, I went to fee a Mofque held by "'"''' lii- to ililjir
'
go to Home, and become ti catholick j the Per/ians, in equal cftcem with that"""' ncfs of
where, getting letters of recommenda- of Aritevil, bccaufe in it are the tombs room en
tion from the pope, he would go in- of Scia-Stfi, and Scia-Ahas the fecond, wall.
to Hungary to ferve the emperor againft kings of Ferfia \ as alfo th:'t of Sidi- This
the Turks, he well knowing what to do Falima, the daughter of Iman-Htcen^ rich pall
on the Black Sea, and the country about who was the daughter of Halt, ami of filver ba
it, and that his nephew was already Fatima-Zuhra, the daughter of Maho- placed
gone away to A'tv/zVi* with ten thouland met. The great gate of it opens a> a dune me
crowns. Six Georgian fervants he had long fquare (with ihops on both fides, 'ither i ai
were no better Mahometans than he, ha- and a caravanfera next the river) over hanging ;
ving fuffer'd thcmfelvcs to be circum- which is an infcription in gold letters the Mofi
cisM only to follow their mailer's for- containing the praifes of Scia-Abas the lumns, t
tune, never regarding to pray atti r the fecond. This leads into a Jongifh court, IS curious
Alahometan fafhion, and curfing that Hdle looking more like a garden, bccaufe of
prophet. the many pine-trees there are along
Night coming on, we fet forward tho- the way, and this way is alfb cnclos'd
a barren country like that we had
rou;.;li with two low w.Îls, to fecure the ro-
travcrs'd before, and riding nine miles fes, and other flowers in the middle.
in three fiw the mountain of
hours, Or •^'— right hand, coming into this
Giavar-Zlhad, of which they fty Idfr- coun, there are fmall rooms, where
eait-mas, that is, he that goes to it re- tho poor eat their allowance of rice,
turns not it being an old receiv'd opi-
-, P.efh, and bread daily given them for
heard fror
nion among the Per/ians, that many who the alms of the Mnfaue, according to the
tquare, th
have attempted to go up it never came intention of the founder. There are
other rooms for debtors who arc not July, aboi
back nor have they any probable rea-
-,
journey,
fon to give for it. No man therefore able to pay, to retire to, who are alfo
four hour.'
dares go up for fear ot death j but I maintain'd by the Mofque ; to the great
who am not credulous of fuch (lories, lofs of the creditors, who can expeft
lage of K
of the tivi
would certainly have gone hail it not no honeft compofition from thofe that
place.
been night. Being but nine miles from live free-cort, without any care. The
we on our way Saturda)
the city Kom, held thi- firft court leads to the fecond, which
day on a
ther, but the moon letting, we tlopp'd is bigger and longifli, like the other,
which laft(
at a fmall ditlance from the city, ex- with trees about it, and lodgings for
to the car
peding day to go into it. Accordingly the inferior fervants of the Mofque. At Irefh wate
on Friday the zd of July in the morning, the end of this is a gate into a third
t()r the ule
we found our felves in a fruitful plain fquare court, about which are the dwel-
being nev'i
about two miles in compals, and then lings of the Mullahs or priefts, and in
leagues ab
crofting a fmall river on a bridge of ten the miildle a curious fountain of fpring-
fbunil a di
arches newly built, went to reft us all water. Alccnding twelve Heps made of
by a hot
that day in a caravanfcru. brick, at the foot of
curious front,
a
mofl takes
A'. '5 city. Kom is feated in 83 degrees of lon- adorn'd witli fcvcral colours, is the en-
Vol. l\
trance
iM
CliAP. IV. 0/ P ER S I A. 12 1
tr.tnce into the fourtli court, in which feveral colours; and the cupola and ar-CrMiin.
are alfo (bme lodging^, ami the with Aidbhk fancies '^4-
I
there dies are let off
^''^'"^
temple or Atofque, whicl> is bc.iutitui to drawn in goKI and azure. On the right
behold on the outfule. Ot three gates hand coming in, is a large room cover'd
ihjt appear in the Irontt that in the with good car|)cts (as is the Mofque)
middle leads to the Mofyue ; that on the where the alms are given to the poor,
rinlit It) the alorcmention'd tombs j and who ftand in the room adjoyning, to a-
that on the left to a hall, where the void confufion.
alms are given out to the poor \ with Going up three fltps ftill on the right SiuiSifi't
this ditlercnce, that the threlhold of the of the Mofque, and palling through two tomb,
middlemoll is cover'd with filver plates. doors, I came into a flattly hall cover'd
Being come to this place, the Mullahs, with carpets, and theme through an-
who were within reading in certain great other door to the tomb of Scia-Soji,
books, as foon as they faw me, (food It is like an altar four fpans above tiie
up, and made figns to me to come in, ground, and cover'd with cloth of gold.
and one of them very civilly led me all The room arch'd with four doors
is
about ; contrary to what Tavernier fays, on the one of which is Ihut, and
fides,
That chrirtians are not permitted to go anfwers to the tomb of Sitli-Fatima ;
into thofe places. I found the Mofque another leads to a little cloifter, and
was an odogon, with eight little doors j the fourth to the tomb of A'tw-yTf/irfj "'"'"'"f
*'""•'*'•'
in the midft was the tomb of Sidi-Fati- the fccond. This tomb is cover'd with
tna, grand-daughter to Mahomet, made a red filk v the place is round, with
fo difproportionably big to the fmall- fmall niches in ilie walls for ornament,
nefs of the Mcfyuc, was Icarce
th.it there and good carpets on the ground (as in
room enough to pafs between it and the the other) and about it great books for
wall. the Mullahs to read. The walls are all
Titima'i This tomb is fquarc, cover'd with a garnifh'd with gold and blew, and tiles
tomb.
rich pall of filk and gold, and round of feveral colours handfomely plac'd af-
filver bars about it, lixtcen fpans lone, ter the fafhion of the country. Return-
placed like lattices, with nobs of the ing thence I faw another good Mofque
fune metal, where they crofs one an- near this.
other J and many filver and gold lamps The Rattars of Kotn are not fo rude
hanging about. From the pavement of as in other parts, for theytook nothing
the Mofque, up to the top of the co- of me. In this city there is a mint, but
lumns, that fuppori the cupola, there they did not coin when I was there.
IS curious workmanlhip in the tiles, of
CHAP, IV.
'the Author continue his Journey to Ifpalian.
\\
WE departed the city with the found

of drums and trumpets that were that
We out again towards evening
fame
fet
day, and at five miles
M
heard from the Meidan, or market, or diftance pafs'd by the little village ot
iquare, that fame day, being the 2d of Sinfin, and eight further by that of Naf-
7a/)', about fun-fctting, to continue our far Abad, quite deflroy'd ; but fhev/ing
journey. After riding twelve miles in the ruins of good buildings, where we
four hours, we came to the large vil- relied a while in the open air, till Sun-
Lige of Kaffum-Abad, and refled in one day the 4th, at break of day When, :
ot the five caravanfera's there are in that departing thence, we came two jiours
place. be'bre night to the city Cafdan, after
Saturday the 3d, we fet out with the riding twenty miles in eight hours. The
(lay on a fîndy way, and very barren, fjil for only three miles about the city
which lafted fix hours, and fifteen miles was fit for tillage.
to the caravanfera of Abfcirim, that is, The city Cafiian is govcrn'd by a Ci^'un /HI
frefh water; becaufo a ciftern
there is Cham, like Kom, and isbut little or^'y-
f()r the ulc of all the caravanfera's, there nothing lefs in conipafs. Its length is
being never a drop of water for five three miles, and the buildings not fo
I ' :
fii
in
leagues about ; fo that by the way we much ruin'd as in the other. The Ba'
found a dog dying for thirft, occafion'd zar's are lighr, and well contriv'd, in
if
by a hot wind that blows there, and al- comparilbn of the others, which are
moft takes away ones breath. every where dark, and ill order'd. Two
Vol. IV. li of
''
''i li 'l
iooiv f. Chap. V. 0/ P ER S I A. I2^
linM, ftrufture, whichfrom is twelve miles city, which at ;t diftance look'd morcGEMEi.n
o the the great one of that name,
and nine like a wood than any thing elle ; this '^94
'-'^'''^
,t we from Cone ; but the miles are fo long 7th day of July being jult a year fuice
hoiit, they might be counted thirty of bad 1 fet out from Redicina.
ics to way. Iwas a long time confidering with my
icular ^ tojd of In the darkeft of the night we met felf, where I fhould lodge, having my
noify ijit. a company of Armenian merchants, tra- choice of the Carmelites, the Jcfuits, and
Irums velling to the province of Ghilan, and French Capuchins ; and at laft refolv'd to
Malachy told me that there is no going take up with the Portuguefe fathers of
;d on thither from Cafcian, without riding S. Augujlin's, as well to learn their lan-
\fci.in, twelve hours along a road of pure fait, guage, which is much us'd in India and
letter, on which it is very hard to find feme China ; as becaufe theirs being the firlt
from littlewater in cifterns. nation that fettled in thofo parts, they
:hicfs, Being eager to fee Ifpahan, we let are much efteem'd by the king. They
lat it out betimes the next day, and riding receiv'd me with extraordinary civility,
a wet fifteen miles in five hours, faw the ruin'd giving me the beft apartment they had
After village of Micanor ; then advancing m two arch'd dormitories that compofe
i, wc twelve miles in four hours we pafsM their dwelling. Thefe arches are cu-
Kiing,_ by the poor caravanfera of Aganuri rioudy painteil with blew, md gilt after
.ra of and dill continuing our journey with the country firtiion, and look into a tine
thofe horfes much tir'd by the dry barren garden artificially divided into fquares
ice we A not.iKe ground, on fVednefday the 7tn, about for feveral forts of fruits and flowers.
\-Abas g.itlicrin.; break of day we rcfted at the little vil- The church tiio' finall is beautiful, as
"•""• lage of Gafi ; where there is a very large are the facrifly and refedory, the rtru-
better"'
Timer, caravanfera, built by the king. From fture being very good. T"he fathers i['#
iroiigh this place to the city, the country is liv'd well enough, having the bed meat
is not fruitful, producing all forts of grain the afforded, drcis'd by a Por-
place
and fruit, for which reafon it is very itiîiep cook ; and being ferv'd in other
made,
eferted full of villages and houfes of pleafure. affairs by twelve men, three blacks,
tcr, lie Setting out after noon we travell'd nine two Arabs, three Armenians, and four
d foon miles, and four hours after entred die Indians.
ed pa-
,
pn
and
two
CHAP. V.
Iter in I'he Defcription of Ifpahan, and the mojl remarkable Tlmigs in it.
it as
s there
fe by, Ispahan, Spahan, or Spahon in the Per- Ormus being afterwards united to the
city.
yrwaril fian tongue, is featcd in 90 degrees crown, Scia-Abas remov'd his feat thi-
ot longitude, and 32 and 40 minutes ther for the conveniency of its fituation,
of latitude, in the province of Hierac, being invited by the truitfulnefs of the
Ics by
formerly a part of the antient kingdom foil, water'd by fo many trenches drawn
;it the
noun- of the Piirthians. Its a large and fertile from the river Sanderu, and fupplying
Iraitful
plain, is enclos'd on three fides, like an moft of the houfes in the city;
Id It of Ainphithcalre, by a ridge of mountains, The compafs of
the mud-walls of If Co -onip.if:
ilciity
ten or twelve miles dillant from it. It pahan is about twelve miles, with ot the n-
in all
|<i;row-
is bclicv'd to be built on the ruins of fmall towers, and a ditch full of wa-'J*'
the antient Ilecatompolis but it plainly
; ter, but fliallow, near which there are
I'd ill
water, appears to have proceeded from the rows of trees to take the cool air. I
union of two fmall villages, the one was curious to walk round it, but in fe-
le nuts
' ' '''
call'd IIay-deri-dey-(!erti„ the other Guy- veral places the way was interrupted by
Xy of
' ::.: Jh'i
|)laccs.
l)are-l Lwict-Ilay \ for which reafon to i;arden walls, joining to thofe of the city,
'e two irCirp.i-

1'^''' "-''^y there are thele two contending or by fomc publick flruiffures. Never-
(,;.,. fiiflionsof //i7)-(itT;, 3.nA Hamet- Hay, lind thelefs if we include Zulfa and the other
Ibuild-
their difputes fometimcs end in blows. fuburbs, with all the fields and gardens
igain,
T.n-crn. Yet the Perjians was formerly
fay it within them, the compafs will be little
'I'nm. ;. /
callM Si/âhiiii, but that Tamerlane after- lefs than thirty miles.
Intains
4-^434 wards fubdiiing thole countries, tranf- On the fouth-fide at fi.v miles diilance
liidi
pofing the two firft letters, call'd it If- is another mountain, on which rn.iy be
|plaiii, .in v.y
pahan. Their modern authors ftill write feen the ruins of a where they
caflle,
and
it Iffdhan fometimcs. Whilfl; the kings fay Darius flood to fee the lecond battle
IIS no
of Pcrfia kept their court at Casbin, and Alexander fought with the Per/ians.
Stdltiiii.i, was no better than a
Ij/iah.iii Ifpahan has ten gates, call'd Der-Tocxi, G.itcs.
liruiic
[good village •, but the kingdoms ol Li:r and VcrDcxr, Dcr-Abafn, Dcr-Lombun, Dcr-
Ddulet,
Iturc,
124 j^ Voyage round the World. Book 1. 1 Chap.
Gemelli Daukt, Der-Mod-hac, Der-Affan-Nabal, The general form of the houfes, is Houfi*. ous
trees
'694- Der-Henum, Der-Seet-Hamedeyun, and to have a portico in the middle with a
On three (hew
mv ^•^^"^ Der-Guibare ; which are fmall, ill made,
and cover'd with iron. The keys are
fountain, or ciftern of water.
of the fides there are windows at the fined
kept by particular officers ; but the walls top to receive fufficicnt light, under- mad(
being down in (everal places, there is free neath fmall arches to take the cool rious
rior
entrance by night on all fides. air, and rows of rooms with lattices
Streets, The ftrcets are narrow, crooked, and curioufly painted at the windows. Fur- paintt
uneven, and many of them dark by rea- ther in there is generally a great room, Then
fon of the arclies that cover the Bazars, where there are quilts and pillows (luft'd of i]y.
and ferve to walk dry in rainy weather with cotton to fleep on.j The ground all fo
from one houfe to another. Did not the is all cover'd with good carpets fui-
vants
wholefomnefs of the air make amends table to the quality of the owner. The have
for tiie negligence of the people, the dirt palaces of great men feldom exceed greate
\^t pipes
of the ftrects would breed many di- two floors, and on the four fides of
for thi
ftempers. At certain diftances there are the portico have two arch'd rooms to
finks fliut in fummcr and open in win- each, all adorn'd with Arabian paint-
him cc
the water into ing of feveral colours. In fome rooms he liv'(

ter, to give paffage to
built for the women, there are com-
Frid
the Ihores under ground •, befides there
barefoi
is a trench before every houfe to throw monly lattices of wood well painted,
out their filth, which the gardiners take or of marble cut through with glafs
of the
h* away to manure the ground.
Another in the holes. The roof, as I faid before, me the
inviting
great inconveniency is the dud in fum- is after the and in
Neapolitan fifhion,
mer and dirt in winter, there being no to be t
fummer they lie upon it bccaufe of the
pav'd ftreets throughout all Perfta \ and great heat. Satto
It is made of earth mix'd
tho* there be perfons appointed to wa- with lime and bruis'd draw, and with about t
ter them three times a day, yet they bricks burnt with fire, and they arc vad we
only do it in the Meidan, and other very careful in winter not to let the moditic
places where merchants live, who
rich fnow lie long upon it, for fear of pref- fa with
are able to pay rhem. The fame is done fing it down. guefe re
with the cold water others carry in The Perfians put their bed furniture Fumi;.:-
monadt
skins, within facks full of ice, to give in thole rooms, where they receive vi- cerenioi
gratis to any that will have it, they be- fits, in all the red there is nothing of bifhop <
The lame or
., [t<
ing pai'd out of the revenues left for value. floor being cover'd with car-
din'd, ai
that charitable purpofe, by Perfiam de- pets, they lie on it, being fatisfy'd with
baffador
ceas'd. a under and blanket over them.
quilt
archbifhi
Add to this the filthy cuftom of Ifpaban is fo populous both on account Populou.
part for
calling out dead beafts into the publick of the wholefomnefs of the air, and the ncG.
Elias a
places, as alfo the blood of thole the conveniency of trade, th;it they call it
Ifpaban,
butchers kill, and that the Perfians eafe half the world and not without reafon,
-,
bifhop,
themfelves wherefoever they have occa- as well for the diverfity of tongues fpokc
fither re(
fion. So that I cannot imagine what there, as for the prodigious wealth of
ligious a
reafon one of our Italt.tn writers had its Bazars, and fliops of all Ibrts of
drinking
to compare Ifpaban to the neat and beau- commodities.
Ifpakan,
tiful city of Palermo, whereas the for- The father prior of the monadery
fite variei
mer is fo far from having any Itreet where I refided, underdanding that my
embafliid
like the Cajfaro in the latter, that the horfe was quite fpent, on Tueflay the
ban doinj
meaneft houfe in Palermo far exceeds 8th, order'd the bed in the dable to be
health fir
the bcft in Ifpaban, which, excepting fadled for me to make ufc of. Mount-
it was lefi
fonic few belonging to the king and ing him I went out attendeti by his fer-
health d;
grc.it lords, arc all of mud walls, with vants to take a turn in the city. The fird M,/i.r-
r i hoKling a
only fome bricks dry'd in the fun in- thing I faw was the tower the Perfiam K.::c : ,
>
went abo
termixt at every four fpans. The high- callMonar-Kale, built by Scia-Abas the^''-
Both
er they rife, the narrower they grow, great, coveringit all with the bones of (
llr.'cl or through
they could not bear their own
1
elfe wild beads he kill'd in only one days
dreet of
weight ; and bccaufe thefe walls eafily hunting. They fay that the workman
both fide
moulder away, they only (top the gap telling him there wanted but one head to
dens of
with a little morter, ana they are ter- compleat the work, he caus'd his to be
tongue,
rafs'd at the top. Tho' the ftruifture fet in the place. It is about eighty fpans
Citw or
is fo bad, yet it cofts much money ; high, and not above forty in compafs.
cate pie
every dauber that makes the walls be- Thence I went to fee the Dutch com-o,,;.
rioufiy p
ing allow'd eight carlines, that is, tlitee panics houfe, where I found James i:um^ ma
nication ^
(hillings and fix pence i and the labou- Norghcamer their agent fiiootiiig turtle- liov"«
rers about three carlines, near eighteen
Vol, 1
doves in the garden, which was delici- ,
pence. ous
''
.'
W.
Book! 1 Chap. V. 0/ P ER S I A. 12=;
ous for its fountains ahd curious rows of way the king comes out when he goes Gfm elm
es, is Houfcs.
trees. After we had dranic merrily he to Zulfa to divert himlclf, or to other '^'M-
vith a ^-'^•'''*^'
Ihew'd me a dozen horfes and mares, the gardens. It runs a mile in length to
three
fineit any monarch in the world can be the bridge, and is a musket-fliot in
It the
niafter of, as well for mettle, as the cu- breadth. The
water runs along tiie
inder-
rious fpots of feveral colours, not infe- middle of an handfome canal of
it in
cool
rior to the finell figure, nor could a, ftone, making four great pools in this
atticcs
Fur-
painter colour them to more perfedtion. length. On the fides there are two or-
Thence he led me to fee his little houfe derly rows of CjHrtr-trees, which are
room,
of fport, where he had ten hawks fit for like the plane, and
within the walls,
ftuff'd
all forts of birds, and beafts, with fer- two without, under which there are tv\'o
;round
vants to look to them ; a cuftom they pav'd p.iths, each of them four foot
s fui-
have learnt from the Perftans, whole wide, and as high above the reft of thti
The
exceed
greateft delight this is. He had feveral way, for people to walk in the lliada
pipes of gold and filver let with jewels free from the horfes. Hither the Per-
Jesof
fmoke in
for thofe to that came to bear fians come in throngs to divert them-
ms to
him company^ by his filh-pond. In fhort, felves i fmoaking, or eating fruit at fe-
paint-
he liv'd great in all refoefts. veral fhops, nea.iy built along Short it.
rooms
Friday the 9th, the father prior of the of the bridge this way is cut by a branch
com-
barefoot Carmelites, the father provincial of the river of Sanderic, which runs
ainted,
of the Dominicans and other Franks, gave parallel to another, made after the fame
glafs
me the favour of a vifit, the provincial manner. To go to Zulfa, the bridge
before,
inviting me to a confecration that was over the fame river Sanderic or Rutcu-
and in
to be two days after. ria, muft be pafs'd. It confifts of thirty
of the
Saturday the loth, I rode feveral hours five arches in length, and as many a-
mix'd ,
about the and Bazars, feeing

belt llreets crols; in the intervals whereof the na-
d with
vail wealthy Ihops of all forts of com- tives ftand and fmoke, and take the air.
:y arc
modities. Sunday x.\i^ I i\.\\i I went to Z«/- Above there are two walls fixtecn fpans
St the
fa with the father prior and three Portu- high, and as long as the bridge, leav-
P pref-
guefe religious men ; and alighted at the ing a convenient fpace in the middle,
monallery of the Dominicans, where the and as much towards the walls as fe-
imitureFumii;:-
ceremony was perform'd by the arch- veral perfons may go abreaft, all along
:ive vi-
bilhop of Abraner, an Armenian of the adorn'd with arches and niches, at due
ling of '.1.'
lame order. Here twenty four of us diftances.
ith car-
din'd, among whom was the pope's em- Beyond this bridge is the other ftrcet .Annther
Id with
baffador, monfignor Pidic, confecratcd or way like this, above two miles long. lUcct or
:hem.
archbilhop of Babylon, who was to de- At one end on the left is a pleafure- "•')'•
.ccount p,,puiou,.
part for his refidence at Hamedan ; father houfe, call'd Teckci-Seis, built by king
nd thencti.
Elias a archbilhop cleft of
Carmelite, Scia-Sofi, for a Darvis his favourite. Fit-
call it
Jfpahan, another Sciran catholick arch- ly pacec further there are two more,
reafon,
bilhop, the embaflador of Poland, the though not fo large, yet equally be.iu-
fpolce
fither rcftor of the Jcfuits, and other re* tiful. Then two other fine ftruftures li
ilth ot
ligious There was merry
and lay men. with balconies above, to have the view
rts of
drinking the excellent wines of Sciras^nA of a curious filh-pond in the middle of
Ifpahan, during the dinner of moft exqui- it. Here the ground rifing, to hokl on
nailery
fite varieties ; the pope's and the Polifl) the lame way, there are two ftrcets to
It my emballiidors, and the archbilhop of Ifpa- afcend, between which is a ftrufturc, to
tlie
[;v
han doing me the honour to drink my keep the ground even. On both fides at
to be health firft. Not to trouble the guefts, convenient diftances there are little hotifcs
lount-
it was left to the laft to drink the pope's of pleafure, with curious fronts, through
is fer-
health ftanding, as all did, every man which there is a pafllige to feveral of tlie
[e firft Mjtr- hoKling a great nofegay in his hand, which king's gardens adorn'd with trees of all
•:rfiam K-'-i : ''
went about. forts.

IS the-''-
5 .r'.;,/; Both going and coming, we pals'd After enjoying fuch a curious pro-
|nes of iir ct or through noble Bazars, and through the fpeCt upon fo long and noble a way, we
days "''
llreet of Sciarbacb, fo call'd, becaufe came to the king's great garden call'd Tiic;.ing'<
Ik man
both fides of it are Ihut in by four gar- Azar-gerib, three miles in length, and gf"^-" ^"•
}ad to
tlens of tlie kings, and in the Perfian one in breadth. The firll that occurs ''^"*-
to be tongue, Sciar is four, and Bach a gar- is a flately front with double rows of
fpans
I lieii or orchard. It begins at a deli- balconies next the way, and excellent-
npafs.
cate pleafure-houfe with galleries cu- ly painted next the garden, like the
|com-o.,, ;,
riouHy painted, which have a commu- houfe, with figures after the European
amis ci>nif inici
nication with the royal palace, and this manner, in gold and blue. At the four
lirtic- liouis
Vol. IV. angles arc four fine towers, as well for
lelki-
Kk omatncnt.
ous
126 A Voyage round the TVorhi Book I.
Gfmei.i.i ornan 3nr, v. to ferve for dovecotes. In abundance of people inio the fields, and
''>94-
the middle is a canal of water, which with many implor'd the divine
tears,
^'^'^J rebounds pleafantly as it runs over the mercy, that all might not die I'o mile-
well -wrought ftones ; and in other pla- rably. God, who never fails us in di-
ces, ground being uneven, has de-
the flrels, heard her prayer, and caus'd this
lightful fills, which like glafles, re- root, like a heavenly manna to fliower
flect the green ot the Cw^jr-trees grow- down from the sky, for three miles a-
ing along it. Further on oppoUte to bout, during a night and a day, and
the gate, is a great pool of water, fuch vaft plenty of it, that it was three
with two galleries on the fides paint- fpans thiclc on the ground. Gather-
ed after the Moorijh fafhion, where ing it, they made bread, of which the
the king ufcs to ftand to take the air. king and many great men at court,
' .
Going ilill forwards there is a little tafted ; and thus the finiifh'tl multi-
houfe midft of the canal, under
in the tude w.is reliev'd. I fliould never have
which a mighty vault to contain wa-
is belicv'd it (nor do I tliink the reader
ter i befides that which, for the diver- will be eafily convinc'd) had it not been
fion of the royal f.miiy, is cover'd with attefled to me, the religious of
by all
a roof delicately painted, and fupport- Sz.AitguJiin, favhtr FJiasof Mom, a bare-
ed by wooden pillars. About the houfe, foot Carmelite, and bifhop of Ifpaban,
theu are balconies to enjoy the plea- with all the fathers of his order, the Ar-
fure of the canal, on all fides. Fur- medan bifhop of Nack-civau, the ambaf-
ther on the rifing ground, there are two fador of Poland, the father redlor of the
other little pretty houfes painted like Jefuits, all the French that were in the
the refl, for the women of the Aram to king's fervice, and all the Perfian pcr-
take their pleafure, who have alfo a fons of quality I f(X)ke with. I fent a
little boat to pafs their time on the pool bit of it to my friend the councellor
there ; and tnere is another houfe for Amato Danio at Naples, for him to fhew
them at the end of the canal and gar- it to curious perfons.
den. On the fides there are other ca- Afimday the 1 2th, began the pcrfccu- Pcrff.u
lion.
nals for thofe whofe bufinefs it is to wa- tion an expulfion of the barefoot Crt/'Wf- "','
Ctrn
ter the plants, and walks. In Ihort, this lite fathers of Zulfa, the Divan Beg, or
garden, what for extent, and what for government of Ifpaban, going rhither in
-'iv::']- the beauty of its i.ees, and variety of perfon to carry the king's order the :
fruit and flowers, may compare with the reader I fuppofe will not be difpleas'J
beft in hal'j. with the relation. Thofe fiithers ha-
m The park. '" o'"" teturn
there were little
wc faw the park, where
above twenty tigers, li-
ving of late years fettled a little houfe
at Zulfa, they thought of enlarging ir,
ons, and other wild beafls. Here we and building a good church. Tu this
alfo law three Pars, which are fmall purpole they bougiit the houfe of an
creaturesabout the bignefs of a cat, ^''ntunian for fifty tomans, given them in
with which they ufe to hunt deer, and alms by a cathoHck, but through neg-
other game, loofing thefe creatures af- \t& they omitted to rcgifter the pur-
ter them, when the hawks having faft- chafc in the king's books, according to
ned on their heads, hinder their fight thecultom of The herctick Ar-
PerJJa.
with their wings. menians, being fet upon obftrudting th.':
Wemet the genera! of the horfe, cal- woric atready begun, made a great cla-
led Saperfelar (we ftood till he was pafs'd) mour, pleading the king's order, which
with fifty foldiers before him, beautiful- prohilMts the exercifc of any religion
ly clad, having plumes of feathers of fe- m Zulfa but the Armenian ; the fatners
vcral colours on their heads. He was on the other thought they ought
fide,
about fifty years of age, well-rounte- not to give over their work 1 having the
''
U:. >
nanc'd, and wore great whiskers. king's leave to build in any part of his
A won- Sunday the nth, the prior of St. Au- kingdom whatfoevcr. From wonls it
derful
guflbi fliew'd me, a bit of a root about came to aftions \ for two thoufand Ar-
fliowcr.
as big as a fitch, like liquorice, where- menians allembling, went to break open
of a great quantity fell the year before the Carmelites gate, and they had doubr-
from the sky, in the village of Ciafe in lefs committed fbme outrage, had not
the province of Meirvu. The matter the ambafTaifor of Poland fent his peo-
was thus There was fo great a fcarcity
: ple to keep them off". T..e catholicks
in that province, and particularly in the of Ifpaban had feveral meetings to put a
aforefaid village, by rcafon of the b-id ftop to this growing evil, but could make
harvefl thatyar, that Icveral people nothing of ir, becaulL' the Armeniam
every day dy'd for mere hunger. An were rich \ and one Stephen Vert-abiet, or
honcll woman one day went out with preacher, having gather'd 5000 tomans,
that
1 .! -
1 :.
;;
Book I 1 Chap. V. 0/ P ER S I A. 127

s, aiv.l
that is crowns of Naples, had
<;7ooo Portugal, and otlicr catholick princcsGiMn n
divine queen mother, anil the
the woukl not tail to take their meafurcsac- '">+
nrefentcci
mile- King's favourites, and by thai means cordingly. Adding, that as a friend, he'-'^"''"^'
in di- obtain'd the order he defir'd. The firft forewarn'd him, that this indilcrcet zeal
'd this thing the Divan Beg, who put it in exe- of his would be the cauli; ot all the
fliower cution, did, was to ask father Elias, mili.hiff that llioiild befall the /Armenian
lilts a- '.vhetiier he liad any inftrument, or detJ merchants in chrillendom. 'f'ho' this
f,
and to ihew for tlic fde. The father could yert-abiet w.is a hot-heailcti old fellow,
i three fliew none, becaufe it was not in due and anfwer'd at lirll that he valu'd not
iiithcr- form ; and on the other fide the feller, kings when fiilvaticn of his flock
the
ich the bci..g thrcatned by the hereticks, faid lay at ftake ; yet the prior and his vi-
court, he had not fold it, but that being in- car, who was excellently skili'd in the
niiilii- debted fifty tomans to the monaltery, oriental languages, manag'd it fo dif-
:r have father Elicts had taken it from him by creetly, that they prevail'd with him,
rcadpr force. He deny'd, alledging he had before their faces, to tear the Rogam or
ot been bought it legally, with the confent of king's order for banidiing all the ca-
ious ot the feller but the Divan B,'g interrupt-
•, tholick fathers \ declaring he did it for
a bare- ing him, faid, ff^hat, do you take the their fakes.
ffpabait, king's fiibje,1s houfes away by force, with- not to be admir'd, that all thefe
It is
the^r- out any deeds to /hew ? j. 1 at the fame fathers having Regains for their foun-
ambaf- time order'd all the works to be demo- dations, the Armenians fhould lb cafil,
r of the liili'd,and lliutting up the monaftery, feal'd obtain others contradiftory to them
; in the the gates. Fatiier Elias asking, UHjether becaufe the king liv'd in ilupiility, be-
ian pcr- that was the iifage they gave the king's ing altogether govern'd by others. The Stiipicilt)-
fent a guefts in Pc.-fia? The anfwer'd.
other life he led, can fcarce be call'd life;") '''=
1
i
lUiicelior That therefore it was 'hey did not proceed for no fooncr did he awake from rhe*"'"'^'
to fliew to punifh ihem more fcyerely. The Di- profound fleep, caus'd by the brisk
van returning to the city, fent twelve of wine of Sciras and other places in Pcr-
pCrfcCU- Pciff.n his men to command father Elias and his fia, but he fell to drinking again, and
tCrtrwf -"',"""' three companions in the king's name, when he could not hoW the glals, his
Beg, or immediately depart Ztilfa ; and not
to cup-bearer gave iiim three bumpers.
hither in prcfiime to fet foot there again, upon Then being fomewhat recovcr'd, he
ler : the penalty of lOO tomans. The good fa- took three more with his own hand, till
lifpIeas'J thers fet out amidfl that rabmc, that being again overcome with the fumes of
)ers ha- was to conduft them by order of the wine, he lay down to deep and thus -,
le houfe governour of Ifpahan but by the way ; he fpent his days between flecping and
they met two fathers ot St. Auiitftin a fhadow of waking. He could not
Tu this (fent to meet them out of civility by forbear drinking as he iiitc in council
fe of an father Gafpar dos Keys, prior of the mo- and very often fltcp overcoming him,
them in naftery where I lay) who mounted them the aflembly broke up widiout doing
igh neg- on Being come before the
their horfes. any thing. Pcrfons of credit told me,
|he pur- Divan, tliey with much difficulty ob- that Scia-Ahas the great, having flain
ding to tain'd leave to remain in the Polifb am- the kino; ot the Ufhechs, he made a
ick /^r- balTador's houfe. The mutiny had been difh of his skull fet in gold and that -,
ing thr. great at Ztilfa, and no kfs the joy of the king we now fjieak of, out of his
eat cla- the hereticks, with extraordinary
wlio barbarous and bloody inclination, ufing
|,
which infoknce, threatned to expel tiie 'Jt- to drink out of it \ipon Iblemn occa-
religion fnits and Doviinicnns ; relying on the pro- fions, it onre l.appcned he did fo in the
fatners icftion oi /Iga-Camal (a black eunuch, the prclcncc of that king's fucceflbr's am-
ought king's favourite) tlic queen-mother, and ba^^!^doI*, He ask'd him in jcft, whe-
ing the feveral great men, lor which re«lbii ther he knew what that dijh was made
of his tiie aforeliiid ambaflador thought fit of? and the other anfvering, he did not;
lords it to fend his rc.inue., to guard the Je- he faid, This is your king's .head. The
ind yf;- fiiits houfe. There being reafon to fear ambnfTidor turning away, very difcreet-
|k open that all tlie catholick mi.Tioners would ly anfwer'd, Aiy king was happy amidjl
doubr- be banifli'd, the aforcmcntion'd father bis misfortunes, in dying by the hand of
lad not Cjafpar, and otlier Porliiguefe fathers, who fo grcai a monarch ; but ta me he appears
is peo- were in great eftcem, went on Tneflay much more glerious at picfevi, fince I fee
J)
[holicks the 3th 10 Zt4lfa, to acquaint yert-abiet,

1 his memcry preferd'd by fo mighty a king
put a tiiat if he intended to expel the other as your mnjcfx. This ;infwer was fo well
11 make relijjious men, as he had ilone the Car- taken, that for the future the amballa-
wneniivn melites, would be look'd upon as an
it tlor was duly 'd notliing he i^.k'd.
]>(>/, or open declaration of his being an enemy

lomans, to catholicks ; and if fo, the king ol VVhillt
that
128 4 Vbyage round the JVorU. Book I if
Chap
Gemei.i.1 Whilft the Porlu;^'iefe fathers laboilr'd deavours to do all the ill offices they
1694. ^jji, niuch chriftian charity about the could to the ambaffiidor, who fupport*
1
^-^^'"^ affair of Zulfa, another no way con- ed their caufe. The Vizier had Ibmc
'
:•'," I
temptible accident happened on MêdneC- months fince given him his anfwer, that
Puniih- day the 1 4.th. The king's order was no the king did not defign to break the
mentoiantiried to Coggia Marcara, a catholick peace with the Turks, and tiic ambafiii-
JrmrniM ^^menian, for him to pay 500 tomahs. dor prefTing to be liifmifAl by the king,
coiHcrt.
gp^g j-îj (i,jj ^2s becauie he had been thefe bafe Armminiis reprefente<l him in
concern'd in the laft troubles, by aflift- fuch manner to the mii.ilters of ftate, that
ing father Elias \ others, and this was on 7hurfilay the 15111, li.ey again fent him
the mod probable opinion, faid it was, orders to oe gone; adding, fhit finre
becaufe having alter'd his religion, he he was not fitisfy'd to be difmils'd by
had not embrac'd the Mahometan, as the prime minirter, they would fend an
the laws of the realm direct. Th°y fiid, inferior perlbn to do it ; refufing at ths
thut the Divan Bev being inform'd of it, lame time to give him the allowance
had fent to ask the opinion of the A- for three months fince he was firft dif-
xond (who is the chief in religious mat- mifs'd, and a fuitable attendance to go
ters, and judges of weddings, divorces, away, much lefs to pay the hire of his
buying, felling, bartering, and other houie, for the time to come.
contrails, whether they are /alid or not) Friday the 16th, as I was at dinner
and that he had deciar'd he ought to with the fathers, the ambaflador came
be burnt alive. The king thinking this in, and fitting down among us, faid, he
fentence too fevere, chang'd it into a would certainly be gone for Poland by
fine of 2000 tomans, but afterwards, the laft day of Augujl, wliether he hail
at the requcft of Marcara's daughter, the kings anfwer or not ; fince there was
who was in the Aram, he came down no likelihood of the Per/tans engaging
to 550. in a war againft the Turks ; as his ma-
'i'he Armenians not fatisfy'd with per- fter defir'd.
fecuting the catholicks, us'd their en-
Book I l Chap.VI. 0/ p ER s I a: 129
is a delicate fountain, to which the wa- On the fouth is the king's Mofque call'd Gemfm.i
ter is convey'd with much labour and Mafcit-Scia. It has a beautiful front of '^y4-
int,.nuity. This place, is open on three the fame workmanfhip, with two toweis-'j^j^'J^.'
fides, and on the fourth is the royal on the fides, ending at the lop like tur- m-jj:u-.
throne becaufe he ufes to come thither

i
bants. The firft gate leads into a court
to (>•£ all tiic publick rejoycings or fports or cloifter of an irregular fort of fi-
in the great fquare. The moft diverting gure, whofc arches are adorn'd with tne
is that of the arrow, the king caufing a fame bricks or tiles. The fecond gate
gold cup to be hung to a tree, which is which is cover'd with plates of filver is
given as a reward to him, who riding a the way into the Mofque, which is all
full fpeed, when he is paft the trees, turns over painted within after the Arabian
about and (hoots it down with an arrow. manner and gilt, fo that tne arches fceni
The gate o( Daulel-Cuna, that is, the to vie in beauty with the pavement,
gate of juftice, which is molt us'd, is which is cover'd with the richell car-
guarded by feveral companies of foot, pets the country affords.
and troops of horfe. Along before thefe In the middle of the fquare or mar- Commo-
two gates there are one hundred and ten ket-place, from the tree of the arrow ifiiii-s luli
pieces of cannon broi-ght from Ormuz, to this Mofque, they fell wood and coals 1 '"^''•
when it was taken from the Portuguefe from the Mofque to the bell, old iron,
but they are all falconets^ except nine horfc-furnitures, carpets and other things,
midling pieces. Beyond this ufelefi front but all of them at fecond hand thence -,
of cannon is a portico, which leads to the to the Mofque of Scecb-loft-alla, they fell
back door of the palace, call'd Der-mod- fouls, pigeons, meat ready drefl. The
back. Or the gate of the kitchin, through refl of the fquare towards the palace is
which all provifions are brought m. quite clear and without Ihops, bccaule
Near it great treafurer's apart-
is the tne king comes thither fometimes to fee
ment, who was
then a white eunuch, bulls and other wild beafts baited. But
who has the keys of the great treafure, there are mountebanks and merry -an
which is never touch'd but when the drews that repair thither to impol'e their
II
crown is in the utmofl want, there be- nonfenfe upon the ignorant multitude,
ing another apartment for the foldi- and divert them with their fopperies ;
ers pay. Only the revenues of gar- and the peafants on Friday, which is
dens, car.avanferas, and other ftruftures their feftival, come to fell their fruit,
belonging to the king are put into the and the labour of the reft of the week.
great treafury. And it is here to be ob- On the infide along the Bazar there
lerv'd, that taxes and impofitions be- are fhops where they fell red leather,
fevc- ing forbidden by their falfe prophet, fkins to carry water under the camels
ill the the Mahometan princes think the money bellies, and other things made of lea-
;ht thi- rais'd by them wrongfully got, and ther. Hard by there arc fliops that
nnd therefore do not lay out a farthing of fell bows and arrows, and others of
thcrs in it for their table, but make ufe of the drugs and fpice. Then in the caravan-
revenues of their gardens and houfes. feras there are in this great fquare, on
rincipal T'n- The great Mogul now reigning is fo fcru- the fouth-fide, that is from the MoCque 1.
*'
other Iro pulous in this point, that he will not to the eafl angle, they fell faddles, bri-
on the maintain himfelf upon his revenue; but dles, and all hoife-furniture from tlie ;
i lea;'.." tho' he is above eighty years of age Mofque to the weft angle, are bookftl-
fmall makes caps himfelf, and prefents them to lers and book-binders. The weft fide,
re thi- the Chains, who whether they will or no from the north angle to the palace,
king inull pay twenty or thirty thoufand istaken up with people that fell giafs
plaints, crowns a piece for them. Oppofite to baubles brought from Nuremberg and
by his tiiis gate of Der-mod-back is a building Venice. Between the two gates of Aga-
they cnclols'd, where there are fe\ .ra) forts of Capi and Daulet-Cuna, there are wretch-
Iter of artificers, and particularly Franks, who ed Armenians who make rings, and
wo k for the king. There are feveral cut feals on common ftones. From
other gates about it, and efpecially a pri- the palace to the fouth angle, all tiie
vate one, through which the king ufes arches ferve for cofFee-houfes where they
to go to the Mofque of Mafcit-Scia. fmoke for befides the noble profpedl
-,
up On the north- fide hangs, to no pur- which is like an amphitheatre, there

pofe, the bell belonging to the cIock of is a great fountain of water in tlie mid-
Ormuz, given by the Augujlinians to Scia- dle, where the P.rjiaiis fill the bottle
Abas the great. On the eaft is the they have to their pipes, tli.U the fnioke
tope.i'is Mofque of Srecb-loft-alla^ confifting of may come the cooler to their mouths.
1 Hatter only one cupola, c^ er'd with fmall tiles This place being very mucli frequented,
Icot it of feveral colours. the Denied repair to it morning and
is Vol. IV. 1.1 evenin''
130 A Vojage romd th World. Book J i
Chap.
Gbmilli evening to chatter till they foam at liic who make nails, horfc Ihooes and the fons
''^+- , mouth, for Ibme fmali reward they af- like. tonj
'terwards receive from 'he hearers. Going home I pafs'd by the caftlc, Thccuiv bun
The Armemam havt the Ihops in their which is near the hoiife of the French bef(
little near the Mc'idan^ not
c.iravanfcra Capuchins, anil .idjoyning to the fouth com
far from tlie famous caravanfera founded Wall df the town. It is two miles in yen
by the mother of Scia-Abas the fecond. compafe for within it there are Ba-
-,
man
'I iiishas two floors, a great pond in the zars, and the dwellings of the king's 'I'hc
middle, and gates at tlie four angles, flaveS, who are voluntary rcncgadoes, thol
whicii formerly led to four other cara- only for hondur, ami their mainte-
this fcr
vanfcras, but at prcfent there are only two. nance. It is twice as long as broad, and city
It is to be oblerv'd that tho' people art altogether defencelefs ; its fcurvy tow- min;
not recciv'd ^ralu in thefe caravanferas, ers beirtg of earth, as is all the wall. the
of royal foundation, yet they are pre- Here the king keeps all the rarities he opin
ferable to the others for the (ecurity of bitys, or are fent him as preicnts by the fill
the goods ; for if any thing happens to governours of provinces and llrangers. did
he loll, the keeper of them is accounta- Sunday the i8th, I went to hear mafs inftc;
ble for it V commodities

as alfo for all at the thurch of the bare foot Cnrmelilei, from
trufted out book, with
and enter'd in his to wpay the vjfit to F. Elias, bifhop- veft
:
.
;(
the names ot the buyeri and fellers. eleft OT Ifpaban. Monday the 19th, I cufer
On this account the fellers pay two in went again to the Mcidaii, to fee the Di- rifdid
\M the hundred, and the keeper is obliged to

recover the full price. Befides the Mei-
van-Begs Sciatter, or foot-man run, in or-
der to be .admitted to ferve the king. Me
they
dan is well guarded at night (as arc all had on a pair of fhbrt open breeches, as
the other âZi^n) by perfons kept in pay our fbot-men wear, with three horfe-bells
for that plrpofe ; for tho* the traders hanging down from his wafte. His thighs
iTiops and chefts be well lock'd, yet the and legs were naketl, and anointed with
things of fniall value and great bulk are a fort of gn;afe to prevent wearinefs ; as fljc
left in the open market-place, cover'd foi irii'Iy thofc that exercis'd in the Gym-
with a tent. vjia-,anointed themfelves with oil. He
From angle form'd by the north
the run from the gate of Ala-Capi, to a ftone
and weft there is a paflage into a
fides on the mountain three miles from the ci- Sic
great Bazar, where they fell linnen and ty. He was to run it feven times with-
fhooes. Thence is a way into a greater, out eating, but only drinking ; every
where they fell all manner of braziers time taking up a little flag plac'd by the
ware, and fiws, and there live the dy- goal, and then, if found fit to be the
ers i at the end of it is an excellent caking's Sciatter, he was admitted. The
ravanfera where they fell mufk and red Perjian nobility generally keep many of
leather. them for grandeur.
On north fide there are fcimitars,
tlie In the mean while, Stephen the Vert- Ditrcrf-
tongs, and
other inftruments of iron abiet, who was independent of the pa- ''«'"«!'
"'"'
and brafs, and before the gate feveral triarch, with four other bifhops, not ''"
forts of precious ftones. Over thefc cealing to contrive agamft the remain-
Ihops is a long gallery fupported by der of the catholick mifTioners at Zulfa i
pill.irs, where every night there is a it pleas'd God that another Vert-avicty
difpleafin" concert of fifes, drums, and whofe name was John, rais'd a furious
other inllruments, as has been faid of perfecution againfl him. This man had
other cities within it there are rooms
•, been of Zulfa, but being
arch-bifliop
for the chief of the mufick. Oppofite depriv'd of his dignity by Stephen, he
to it, in this place, there are two pillars became a catholick ; and retiring to
feven fpa^s high, and the fame diftance Ala-Capi, with one of his religious men
from one another, to play at mall a (relying on the protedlion of tne former
horfe-back, which done ftriking the
is Kalantjr of Zulf\ who was become a
ball a gallop to drive it between the two Mahometan) accus'd him of having
pillars. books againft Mahomet. His houfe be-
The gate before mention'd leads to ing fearch'd, two books were found, one
fonie arches where they fell rich cloth of them printed fifty years before in
of gold and and Indian
fiiver, filks, the Armenian language by another Ste-
fluffs, ''"he eaft fide of the Mofque to phen a Vert-abiet, containing many re-
the nortli angle, is taken up with fliops proaciies againft the Mahometan reli-
of all forts ot fmall works in filk. From gion. The
matter being examin'd, and
thence to the fouth angle there are the book interpreted by a rcncgado Ar-
turners, and people that beat cotten, menian, in the prefencc of the Nahab,
and in the porticos th"re are fmiths, and the Sceik-U-Jlon, or Asond, two per-
fons
Book 1 Chap. VII. Of P KR S I A. 131
id the fons tranfcribing it into the Perfian the nuptial ceremonies usM in Pcrfin, aOrMmi
tongue Stephen was condemn'd to be
•, man Hid woman both (laves,
jl;^|t^ that ''^''1
caftle, Tlicallle. burn'd alive ; notwithftanding he urg'd near our houfe being niarry'd. Whtr. ,:f^X^r
French before the court, that the book was they had eaten their bellies full of pilau iling.
: fouth cdmpos'd by another Stephen, a PoUJh at the bridegroom's houfe, a great com-
liles in Fert-abici at Ifmaiz.-n, and that the other pany of men and women, moll of them
re Ba- nianufcript was fiirih''d by the informers. witn lighted candles in their hands, ic
king's The king, who ha({ ô good opinion of being then went to receive the
nigiit,
jiuiocs, thofe ecclefiaftical judges, would not fuf- bride. Halt an hour after, llie was con-
niainte- fer the fentence to be executed ; all the duced between two women, covltM with
id, anil city being in expcdlation to fee that cri- a white linncn cloth from head to foot,
y tow- minal put to death. Knowing how rich which made them look like gholh. After
c wall, the arciibifhop was, it was always my thenx foUow'd many other women, and
itics he opinion, Thar by the help of his power- then men, one of whom carry 'd a great
by the ful friends he would fave his life, which wax candle worth ten crowns. The bride-
igers. did not only prove true, but moreover groom very unmannerly, went out but
ar ma ft inftcad of being punifh'd, he receiv'd four fteps from his houfe to meet the
melt t a, from the queen-mother, the Caknt, or bride. This is the cuftom among riie
bifhop- veft of honour ; with orders to his ac- poor people 1 but among tlie better fort
19th, I cufers to return to Ztilfa, under his ju- thefe ceremonies are pcrform'd a horfe-
the Di- rifdiftion, or to live with the Franks, if back in great (late, 4nd abundance of
ri, in or- they were catholicks. lights fet up in tliq ftreet^ thty arc to
ig. He Tut'fday tlie 20th, in the evening I faw pafs through.
chcs, as
irfe-bells
is thighs C H A P. VII. .
ted with
ncfs ; as I'/ji' Funeral of Scia-Selemon, King of Perfia ; tfjc Sacrifice of the Camel; the
he G\m- Original, Marriages, Funerals, Religion, and Habit cf the Gov'if,.
3il. 'He
a ftone
n the ci- ^KVncCi of WfEdnefday the 2i(l, it w.is known mendatio*; from all the chriflian princes
les with- the ting uf yY
abroad that the king was fallen in Eur.jp.; to the court of Perjia.
; every ^""''""Tick, or ratlier grown worfe of his con- Tjurfday the 29th, the king's .icath wa.' w : king
d by the '""''"">' tinual apoplcftick fits, occafiou'd by D'ade publick about noon, the eunucl..',<ii>
be the too much wine. Being with good rea- a.id Rilar-Agnfi, or ciiief of the (laves
i. The fon apprehenfive of his life, on Thurf- appearing with the ir p.irments rent, which
nany of </(?)! the 2 2d, he order'd 3700 tomans to is the mourning us'd among the Pei •
be diltributcd among the poor ar 1 or -,

ftans ; upon whicii news the Sapcr-Selar
le ^cr/- DiFcrr-r ders to be fent to all the governors of ran fo hallily to tlie palace, that his horfc
the pa-l^'""'
provinces to rcleafe all the prifoners in fail'd him, a'ld he broke his leg. The
«'
the kingilom. body was re<nov'd the fame day to the
"°^,.»..
I din'd with the dire-
F'rUaj the 23d, garaen call'd Bag-fie-keel-Sultan 1 wliere
remain-
of the Dutch company, who was ex-
<5lor It was wafii'd in a foi'niaiii by tiio Cajiil-
Zulfii i
\it-abietj
traordinary civil to me ; and Saturday the Bafci. This man is the ciiief of ths
24th, I went out a fhooting, and kili'd wafliers of the dead, who never excr-
furious
abundance of doves, whereof there are cifes !iis office, but when the king dies,
lan had
being vad numbers about the country. Sun- and has for his reward fifty tomans,
diiy the 2.ith, going to hear mafs at the. and the cloaths, with all that is found .,.!.,
)(•«, he
barefoot Carmelites, I was inform'd by upon the king, even to the carpet that
Mh
ing to 1 ,
lus men father Elias, That the Vert-abiet, by his covers him. After he was wafh'd after
former great power, had difippointed all the en- the Mahometan fa.- n, l;c was laid in
Icome a
deavours of the catholicks, for re-efta- a room (Iretch'd out on a carpet, to
having blilhing their milTion in Zulfa. Monday be carry'd thence to Kom, to tlie tombs
lufe bc-
the 26th, having nothing to do, I went of his ance.lors. The phyfician tliac
id, one out to divert me with the prior, and attended hip'. in his ficknefs. was appre-
other fathers of our houfe. Tuefday the hended tr be put to death, or banilli'd,
Ifore ill
icr Ste- 27 th, the news was fpread abro.id that accor^'.ing to the cuflom of tlie Pcrfir.n
the king wis in his agony. fVcdiiefday court, to keep the Mahometan phyficians
iny rc-
« rcli
the 28th, fither FJias came to vifit me, in awe. But it was reported this man
anii
and to tell mc, tiiat there being no iiopes would be kept a prifoner for life. Ir
fd,
!o Ar-
of redrefs in their aftair, they mud have w.as alfo reporte-.l, that as tiie king was
all thic hid happen'd authentically attcd- breathing his lafl, being exhorted to
^'abah,
cd, in order to obtain letters of recom- make a good end by tiic Axon J, wl.o
[0 pcr-
is
fons
; ;
132 A Voyage round the World Book! Ichap.

GtMFti.i is tlie feconil juilge in religious aflairs •, was and as foon a^ it tlid, tli.it
coiiio,
hov
'694- he fjnt to the Nabab their high priell very moment an olTic'cr with hii llimi-
he
^^'"^'"^for a cloth to wrap his boiiy in, faying, tar cut olf the head of the wooden image,
thati
//f would carry nothing that bflong'J to and the Gori ran away ; after whicli
dowl
this world. the king afccnded the throne, was la-
fcrnJ
Alms. All the while till the coronation of luted by the noMlity, girt on his Itinii-
he 11
the new king, a thouliind Canvaris, or tar, and put the Soji's cap on his hiad,
Ili'ilrun A|
^.|i:v|. great liifhes of pilau were diftributed which are the ceremonies of t.iking ol- [
:..hiii:i.<. ted
out of the king's kitchin, with as ma- feflion of the crown among the Pnjiain,
'"gi
ny of fwect-meats to Mullah's, and poor changing his name of Sufi lor that oi
ot tl|
jTfople, for the gooil of the dead man's Seli'mon. From that time the aftrologers protJ
foul. lolt the king's favour, and the pliyfi-
llncel
Why this SiiaSelemon dy'd at the age of fifty cuins rcgain'd ir.
he l.il
''/"*=?'.''"' three, when he had rcign'd thirty years. Sda-Selcmon w.is born of a Georgian
thole|
name.'* ^'^ *''" cxalted to the throne by the woman, and having led Ms life bctore they
name of Scia-Sofi the lecond, but after- he came to the crown, cither among"
i>)u!l.i. time
wards falling defperately fick, he chang'd women, or black eunuchs, he could thouu
his name as follows. It is the cuftom
of Pfrfia, that when the king falls fick,
all the prime men, and governours of
learn nothing but cruelty or lalirivioul-
nefs. Giving way to his bloody genius,
he at firft govcrn'd with too much ri-
N fwer'il
throni
t'lUai
provinces fend a great quantity of gold gour and feverity, wiiereof what he lii.l neceft
coin in a bafon of the lame metal, fet by ortc of his concubines is no fmall \VI
S;' jiiJity.
with jewels. This is wav'd over the example. It being rlie cuilom, tho' un- make
king's head three times, faying thefe fit and barbarous, forthekirgs of Perfa
niry
words, Pat/da bafctna curbon olfon ; that to marry their concubines to mean ]'er-
could
is. This money is Jacrific'd for the health fons, contrary to the praclice of the
havint
of the king's head. king reco-
If the Ottomans, who beftow them on the
he wa!
vers, it is given to the poor, with other prime Bajii't,, Sda-SeUmon gave her he
ftill U
gifts '. f his fervants ; if he dies, it is lov'd belt to a Gozor, or wafher j but
when
put into the trcafury. The Armenians the great love he bore her prevailing,
chrifti
alfo fend but the fame
their money, he took her away again into the Ar.imy
he ino
words Barafad-duk
are not fpokc, only, fending her husband, by whom fhe then
larisfy'
that is, Defign'd for alms. The king had fix children, away upon fome ho- him.
being nothing the better for all thcle nourable employment. The king one him b
prefents, the three phyficians that at- day out of curiofity, or rather jealoufy, look'd
tended him were ill us'd ; as if it had aslc'd her, which of the two fhe lov'd
and b]
been in their power to cure him imme- beft i and fhe anfwering boldly, her hus-
opinio:
diately. The others therefore fearing band, becaufe with him (he liv'd in God's had de
they fhould fare worfe, perfuaded the grace ; the king in a rage, order'd her forbeai
king, that the caufe of his ficknels, was to be call into the river. Love pre- FriuJ. Yet
the aftrologers not knowing how to vail'd over his barbarous inclination, fo
king o
chufe a lucky hour for his exaltation to that execution being delay'd, he inclin'd for the
^m the throne, and therefore it was requi-

fite he (hould again take pofiefTion in
to forgive
after,
her, as
when he order'd her
it did Ibme months
to be burn'd
tlier be
and a
a more favourable minute, and change I'live i fo that fhe is flill living in the lemon
his name. The
Perftans having much Aram. low a
fiith in fuch fopperies, the king eafily Hecontinu'd this feverity for feveral
Jfpahd
give ear to their advice ; and the aftro- years, putting to death many great men of jew
logers and phyficians having chofen a of his iourt upon very flight occafions itor'd
fortunate hour, a day w.is appointed but afterwards addiding iiimfelf altoge- ing th(
for the new coronation. But it being ther to drunkennel's, and the pleafures wlio d
unlawful for the king, according to the of the Aram, he fo ablblutely loft his by thi
i. 'H
Mahometan perform this
fuperllition to authority, that he h.ad nothing left but Jfpaha
adtion, without he had overthrown firft the bare name of a king ; lea\ing tlie jewels
and expell'd fome wrongful pretender, whole charge of the government to Frit
or ufurper of the crown i he caus'd a Mirza-Taher, the prime I'izier, who had dan, I
Gori to be apprehended, who faid ',• gain'd the firft pl.ice in his favour. Thii ral, a
1 .1
was dcfcended from the antient ftock of man was the greateft tliiif in the world, in the
the Rujlans, who were fovereigns of and net regarding his great age of eigii- lau gi
Per/ia and Parthia, and to be plac'd ty years, becaufe he found himfulf ftrong man's
on the throne on his back againft a in body, he minded nothing but who f).dlad
wooden image. Then he caus'd all the bid moll, and fometimes would lloop his CO
great men to come to honour him as fo low as to take a crown. They faid, king,
their lawful king, till the fortunate hour that being one day ftbk'd by the king that I
how Vo
jl
ri'
,
Book J,
Chap. VII. 0/ P ER S I A. 133
how nviny chilJrpti lie had, he anfwer'd, being chofen :.!> fortunate by the aftro-GrMntj
'''^+
he not rcineniber their number j but
iliil logers, at licvcn oi tlie clock the iloth
'-'''^'^^
th;U he would go home and write them was to be cut for the king's coronation
down. 1 Ic role to this hif^h pitch of prc- robes.
tirnient by the king's liking fomc Vcrfcs Saturday the lad day of the month, fi'nenl.
he hlkIc. all perfons were forbid departing the
IIi<druii- Amon^5 other exti wagancies commit- city till the king was proclaimVI. The
.'..iiiicls
ted by through cxceflivc drink-
tins king; amballiulors were confin'd to their hou-
ing, it is reported, that Acbbar, the fori (es, and the Moîil'i Ion had guards let
ot the Great Muûl (who Hed under his upon him. Sii/iJa^ tiio ill ol ytuûjl, af-
prote<ilion from his father) being in pie- ter noon, the oblcquics were pcrform'd.
lence among many Per/tan noble men, An hundred camels and mules Icil the
he laid his iiand to his Iword to wound way, loaded with fwcetmeats, and other
'I'orgiiin Th-\v;,
tliole great men, and had done it, but that provihons, *o be given on the ro.ad to
they fav'd then)lelves by flight. Some a thoufiind perfons that accompany'd the
among" ' '
body. Then came the body in a large

time after he ask'd /Idbar, what he
couM
thought of that adion ; who wifely an- litter, covcr'd witii cloth ot gold, and
rivioul-
fwer'd, 'Inat he was very abfolute in his carry'd by two camels, led by the A'l-
throne. He allow'd this prince twelve zar, or king's fieward. On the fides
t'aians a day, befides his houfe, and all went two fervants burning the molt pre-
neceflaries for his ftable. cious iWeets in two firepans ot gold,
Sr'i'iJity.
When he was fomctimes prcfs'd to and a inuitituile af Mullah's, faying their
make war upon the Turk, the opportu- prayers in a very noify manner. Next
nity being fo favourable, that a better follow'd anoiher horfe-litter cover'd witii
could never be had he anfwer'd. That
•, red and green cloth, to lervc in cale the
having once confe-Ted to make a peace, firll fhould break, and then all the great
he was not to break his faitii. His friends men of the court with their garments
ilill urging that, nevcrthelefs the Turk, rent, and a-foot, except the yltmatb-
when he had ended the war with the Dulet, who was permitted to ritle, bc-
chrilbians, would begin again with him i caufe of his great age. Wherefcevcr he
he inconfiderately anfwer'd, he (hould be went there were heard lamentations, and
larisfy'd, as long as he had Ifpahan left a difmai noifc of the fubjeds the com- •
him. I'hele thoughts were Infus'd into pany ftill increafing, till they came to
him by his prime minilte. who vas be ten thoufand. He was carry'd a mile
look'd upon to be of the 'i.. '•<fh feft, from the city to the garden of Bax-Sofi-
and by fome counfellors, who were of Mirza, whither I went to lee him. I
opinion, that when the chriftian princes found him in the fime litter cncompafs'd
had deftroy'd the Turks, they would not by Mullah's, under a great arch. Not
torbear falling upon odiers. long after the Kilar-zlgafi came to diftri-
Fr.\uJ. Yet he was at war with Suboan Coluatt, bute pilau to thofe that were to attend
king of the Ufbccks, and to his great lo&, the body ; which, when they had eaten,
for the following rcafon.That king's bro- they fet out about half an hour after
tiierbeing to go to Mecca with the queen, night, to carry it to Kom, without any
and a retinue of :ôoo Tartars ; Scia-Se- order, but in confufion ; having taken
lemon in the tirft place, would not al- off the camels ufual trappings, and dock'd
low above 200 of them to come into the horfes tails. They fiid, that as they
Jfpabdii ; and afterwards having a casket pafs'd through the villages, tiie peaiants
of jewels left in his cuftody, to be re- would come out to meet them, and would
itor'd when tiiol'e princes return'd ; know- cut their flelh in a barbarous manner, in
ing the queen came without her kinfrnan, token of grief
who dy'd by the way, he made her go Monday the 2d of Auguft, being theSjcrificr
by the way of Sciras^ and not through fea of the Portiunctilar, I pcrform'd my °^ '•""
.
'••^
"^'^''
.Ifpahan, without ever rcltoring her devotions. The facrifice of tiie camel
jewels. being to be perforni'd -ja Tuefday the jd,
Frida-^ the 30th, I return'd to the Mei- I mounted betimes to go fee it ; and paf-
ihiH, to fee the preparations for the fune- fing by the Deroga's houle, fiw abun-
ral, and found a great multitude of poor dance of people waiting to fee the wretch-
in the king's Mofque, to devour the pi- ed beaft that was condemn'd to death,
l.ui given good of the dead
tlicni for the come out. In Ihort, within an hour we
nun's foul. I din'd with the Poiijh am- faw it led in a collar by two executio-
b.iU'idor, who invited me to be one of ners, and the Deroga after them. Fol-
his company, when he attended the new lowing the crowd out of the city, I took
king, which was very acceptable to me, notice of the (lately bridge, call'd .S. iV</j
that I might fee the palace. That night over the river Sanaeru. It has thirty three
Vol. IV. Mm good
s .
194 y/ Jôyage round th World Book I. 1 Chap.

GiMiiir gooii archcn, ami on tluin high walls of hanging in the middle , ali ending fix fleps, riicirlu-
«fi94-
coIourM bricks, Icavinj; grt'^t Ipacc in :i they Ihew'd me in a room .uljoyning to of
•R:' '-'^''^thr iniJillc, with covitM j^.illrry, ami
.i the temple, their lire, which they feed nier
nariDW p.iihs on tlic fuk's iDw.irds the with wood, and lomctimes Inirn on it tio
river. At l.itl we cMiiu- to a urot ticKl the fit ot the llieeps tail. If .iny of del
callM MiiJ/iilhi, when- tluTi" were .ihun- them happen to let the lir,- iô out in their Jutn
li.ina-of toinhs (it Tiiii;<, built alter IL-- luuili's, tluv mull go to light it at the wr.
vcral manners. litre tyinp; the (.imi'i's temple, ,inil therefore they arc very care- linn
logs, he w.H llretcliM (iiit on the^^rouml i ful to keep it in. ver
and tlic Dri-fn.t initting on a .V'*s '^'•'.P
Thcic (loris live upon tillage. Tho* vcr
(wliieh isroumi above, with a horn in Ignorant, they believe in one only (ukI, in
tiie iiiickile, and ,i little label han-!,inM; the creator ol all things. They honour,
k'hiiul like tiiat ot a bilh()i)'s mitre, llruek but do not adore the fire, as !t)me write,
)' 1 hiiii with ,1 I'pear ; then an execiitioiur in lK)nour of the lire, from which ./bfii-
cut oil" his head with ;in ax, to |ire(tnt h.iin efcap'il unhurt, when he was call
1
it to the king. The four iiuartcrs were into it by order ot a king of \.\\c C alike
divided amun|j; great men, .md the rell (thele i)coi>le boalling that they are ilcl-
•il
to the multitude, who almoll kill'd one cended from Aby.ih.im, and the .mcient
;inother to get a bit. The lolemnity kings of Perjiti) acconling to thole words /.:::
had been greater, but lor the king's of the fcripturc, Ceii. xv. v. 7. I am theVi i h loll)-.
(le.ith. law this lame camel pals by

I hf,l ihy {iÔil, thee out of Ur
icho broii<^l't hall
tliree days before with tiirce diildren on cf the Caldees. .So that -ravitn'ur is much ling
liis b.ick, .md two things like Lilvers miltaken, when he lays, that this is to be of //
be.lting before him, a great company of iinderfiood ol ylhiiim- I'liiiilmzer /lleiicht one (
vagabonds lollowing, tome arm'd with their i)ropliet, who was preferv'd from romii
hati hets, anil Ibmc with lancets, who led lire. the w,
him troin houle to houfe to get money. Their marriages are after this manner. Tl, ir
This ceremony is pcrtorm'd every year The couple being come before the [irieft, """"£« nine i
*
by the PtiJiuHS, m memory of the la- he before witnelles receives the content gartlci
criiicc Abrnbain would have olVcr'tl, of both parties then he w.ilhcs their
-,
a wo(
which they fiy was of Ijmiir!, and not foreheads, muttering certain words, after 1 he 'J'ht
ot Ifihh, .uiil that God fen: him a camel whicii they may not be divorc'il with- 'MfClS, of nu
inllead of his fon, and not a ram. I'.very out a lawful ciufe. They wafli the chil- ilraitei
one that can get it, eats that day of the dren that are born a few ilays after in rows (
camel's llelli with much devotion ; kil- water, in which abundance of llowcrs h.ave antl a
•r
ling in their own houfes fliccp, lambs, been boil'd, their ignorant priells pray- of go(;
and abund.incc of (owl, to folemni/.c the ing over it. the no
lelliv.il, the chrillians cat not of thele i'hcy are very careful to kill ail iin- Religion bitants
creatures, becaufc of the fuperftitious clean creatures, there being a day in the upon 7
words they utter when they kill them. year appointed, on which men antl wo- ^lc be
Then I went to Ziilfit, to lee the houfe men go about the fieltls killing the frogs. lincc, '
of the Jiihils, and by tlie w.iy in a field, Tiiey drink wine, ami eat Iwincs fiefh, mentlei
law the tombs of the ylrmeiiitiiis, well but it mull be breti by thcmfelves, ami a plea I
enough built. The

church wasJi'fuils not have eaten any thing unclean, 'i'hey They a
well contriv'tl, fmall antl curioudy paint- abftain but five tlays in the year from time, b
ed after the fafliion of the country. eating fiefli, fifh, butter and eggs -, antl ries. J
They have an excellent garden and vine- three other days they eat nothing till was cu
yard, and will in time be very well to night. Btfitles ihey h.ive thirty fellivals came t
pal's, if the yert-abict will let them go of their flints. .^ triti; write
on. When any of them tlics, they carry Fimcn' riit u|<nn crabs :
I Vi!1.igcof A
French Jefuit contluctcd me hence
AiGoris, fo fee the vill.ige of the Gorii, by fomc
him out of the town or village, to a ''""' '' holes n
pl.ice wall'tl in ne.ir the mountain. There fell upi
writers reckoned among the fuburbs ot they tic the tlead body ftantling upright then a
Ifpdluiii. It is one long Ifrect about a to a pillar, (there being many for the water ;
mile long, without any way into it but purpole) feven fjians high ; and going night
at tlic ends, and one in the mkldle. k to prayers for the foul of the perfon gooti c
is adorn'd with two rows of green Ci- departcti, they Hand till the crows come T.,.;.
Ibll in
»i7>-trecs, and two trenches of water. to cat the hotly •, if they begin with the /.. +. /• jelf,
.1
w
Tlicir Some of the Goris led mc to their right eye, they bury the botly, and re- t-j. writ tic
temple tcm]5le built in the form of a crofs, ami turn home joyfully, looking on it as :i tion 111
and lire.
arch'd, with windows in the lower part good omen if they fill upon the left
; this w;i
ol tlie wall, covcr'd with lattices. There eye, they go av/ay tlifconfolate, leaving rEjloil
y/as no altar in it, and but one lamp the body unbury'd. by thri
Ziil:a.
Their
j''
II"'
fell'' H
Book I. Chap. VII r. 0/ P E R S I A. 35
X (Irps,
\^6 A Voyage round the PForU. B 00 K I.
Chap.
•J ti>W <
I OtMELM excommiinicates the parents ; who ra- after which they may eat oil, butter and
'694 then than be expos'd to the fury of the eggs.
t .ii:; hca(
^^''^"^multitudf, are forc'd to take away their On EaUer-Sunday another mafs is faid, E.ijkr. ill
children. ftill in a low voice, at which they give and

Women. The Armenian women are very beau- tht communion, and then all are al- extr
tiful without any help from art. They low'd to cat Hedi, fo it be kill'd that ing
cover their heads with a fine white cloth fame day. Before all their four piinci- tilm
ty'd under the chin. All their hair is pal teafls, which are Chrijhnas, the Aiien- oft
made into one trefs, which hangs on their fwtt of our lord, the Annuuciation of the in
back in a velvet bag; the richer fort blefTed virgin, and St. George, they have arm;
wear gold, and jewels like the reft of the eight days fafl, during which they arc houf
world. not to tafte flelh, eggs, filh, butter, or ftrun
Armfiiiiin lyednefdiv the 4th, I ftay'd in the city, oil. They have lb great a devotion for thanl
mid. and going 10 hear mafs in an Armenian St. George, tliat fome of them will be
As
church, found but one altar. The choir three, and others five days, without eat- that
was five fteps higher than the Ifle, and ing any thing. Icnda
both parts cover'd with good carpets. When any one has a mind to make his Priefi: they
The mafs was faid by the archbidiop, fon a churchman, he carries him to the cordii
ferv'd by two bifhops, as deacon and prieft, who, faying fome prayers, puts which
fub-deacon, and during it there was a the cope upon him. This ceremony is all th
great number of candles lighted on the to be perform'd feveral times in feveral are
right fide of the altar. After reading years ; after the fourr'- if the youth will
.
cliargi
the gofpel, the clergy began to ring not become a monk, he may marry, chilcl
fome fni"'! bells faftned to the ends of and if fhe happens to die, and he will a wee
\ II
ftaves fivL fpans long, and both lay-men take another, he may not be made a when
and churc'i men fung to that noife. When prieft. When he is eighteen years of fortni^
the bread was confecrated, one of the bi- age, the ceremony is perform'd fhe fe- chrilli)
fliops took the chalice out of a little venth time, and he is conduftcc. In all is our
window, and carrying it about the altar, the prieftly veftmcnts by a bifliop, or the ok
plac'd it thereon, faying fome prayers. the archbidiop himfelf to the church, of the
Then the prieft taking it up, with the where he mull have ferv'd a year be- frairolc
bread on it, turn'd to the people (who fore. Friefts may not eat or drink with an;l a 1
proftrating themfelves on the ground be- their wives five days before faying mafs, of then
gan to beat their breafts) faying. This is and five days after and both they and
-,
moniin
the Lord that gave bis body and blood for monks are to fpend the firft five in the nenir.n
:t us. Then turning again to the altar, he church, without touching any food with their v
receiv'd ihe br:ad alone, dipp'd in the their hands, and for the other five they the cro
wine ; iind going down to the bottom muft cat nothing but eggs, and rice boil'd throwin
of the choir with the bread and chalice in water and fait. having
in his hands, faid three times, the peo- The archbifhop's life is very auftere. Arch'-, pricll
f
ple as often repeating it. / confefs, I for fome of them eat filli, and flefh but""; •
rivcr-w.i
C'ommu-
believe that ibis is the body and *>lood of four times a year, and all the reft roots and othi
the Son of God, who takes away the fins and herbs. They, and all other church- The 1
of the world, and who is not only our fal- men and laymen have fix months and but of i
vation, but all mankinds. This done, he three days fart in the year, during which flower c
communicated with bread, dipp'd in the time they eat nothing but bread, and F.idir, l.-lfin-Ta
wine, the very children of two or three fome raw herbs ; the labouring people blcfs'd
years old•, not confidering they might at beft, feeding on garden-ftulf boil'd blefied
call it out. They put no water into the with fait, and with nut-oil if they will j <iiftribut(
chalice, giving for their reafon. That as for fledi they eat none in the moft dan- and Afr
our lord when he conflituted the facra- gerous dillempers. rnjgcs. Being
mcnt, drank it pure. The bread is un- The facrament of baptifm is admi- Ui^-X-.. to be a
Jeaven'd, and the pi:-;!!: makes it the nifler'd on Sunday, unlcis there be im- went thi
day before, of the bignefs of our wa- minent danger of death btfure, and is ncr with
fers. done in this manner. I'hc infant is car- being fe
Lini. In Lent, they do not receive, and they ry'd to church by the midwife, where groom's
fay only one mafs upon Sundays in a after the prieft has faid fome prayers, luimbcr
low voice, the priefl not to be feen, and he is dipp'd naked into the water, and niountinj
only the gofpel and creed are read aloud. deliver'd to the godfather. Then the tendance,
They do it in the fame manner on prieft putting together two cords, one being all
Maundy-Thurfday, and then all that will of red filk, the other of cotton (to fig- out with
may communicate ; but moft of them nify the blood and water that came tlic cluir
ufe to do it at the mafs which is faid ti-oni our lliviour's fide) tics them al)ou: kindred
on Iloly-Saiurday, before fun-fetting ; his nerk. and then anointing hi', fore- boy;; in 1
head fore the

V,;l,.
Boor 1.
Chap. VIII. 0/ P ER S I A. 137

:r and
head with holy oil, fays, / baptize thee the altar, where fla.'iding clofe face toGEMEiit
s faid, E.ijltr. in the Name of the Father, of the Son, face, the bifliop read in a book that refl- '"9+
! give and of the Holy Ghojt ; anointing all the cd on and having receiv'd '-'^"^''^
their heads,
re al- cxtrcani parts of the body, ftill repeat- their confent, gave them his bleffing with
d th.it ing the llime words, Wj-.en the bap- the nolle of drums and other barbarous
piinci- tilm is over, the god-father goes out inflruments. Then having heard mafs,
ylfcen- of the church with two lighted candles they return'd in the fame order.
ot" the in his hands, and the infant on his It is to be obferv'd, that the Armeiiuim
yr have arms, and carries it to the rnother's marry their daughters very young and
ey arc houfe, attended by fcvcral mullcal in- almoft in their infancy, for fear the king
ter, or ftruments i where having receiv'd her /hould take them into the Aram. The
ion for thanks, he kifles the top of her head. mothers generally make the contract,
vill be As for the name, they give the child and then acquaint the fathers with it.
)Ut eat- that which falls out on the day in the ca- When it is concluded, the bridegroom's
lendar, or elfe the next to come. Then mother goes with two aged women
ake his Pf'>-''<i they make a plentihil entertainment, ac- and a priell: to the bride's mothers, and
to the cording to the peoples quality, to gives the ringfrom her fbn ; foon after
s, puts which all the kindred and friends, ard he comes, and
is blels'd by the pricft
lony is all the priefts and monks of the parilh together with the giil and ihen they;
feveral are invited. They chat will five this .li! drink merrily. Alter this betroath-
nth will cliarge, which
very great, pretend the
is ing, the bridegroom
oblig'd everyis
marry, child is like to die, and baptize it on year at Ealler, to lend the bride a gar-
he will a week-day. The trouble is greater ment fuitabic to I'.er quality. When
made a when women are deliver'd withm the they are to celebrate the nuptials, the
rears of fortnight before Chrijhnas, for then the husband's father fends a meal three days
rhe fe- chriftning mull be put off till that which before to the mother-in-law's houfe •,
. in all is our third of January, they following where the kindred on both fides meet,
lop, or the old account, without the alteration the men in one room and the women in
church, of the ten days. Then they creft three another. The next day the bridgroom
rear be- fc.iflblds cover'd on the river Sandcru, fends the bride a garment, and then goes
ink with and a fort of altar on middlemoft the to receive that the mother-in-law gives
ig mafs, of them ; and on Chr;Jlmas-i.hy in the him, or the ckiefl kinfwoman, who is
:hey and morning before fun rifing, all the yir- alio to put it on the firfl time.
: in the menir.n clergy of Zulfa being Uierc with When an Arme)::.m dies, the M)/-</i- Funcr.ils,
od with their vellments, crolfes and banners ; farl, or walher of the dead takes a vef-
ive they the crofs is thrice dipp'd in the river, iel of holy water out of the church,
e boil'd throwing in holy oil every time ; then and pours it into tiie pool where the bo-
h,iving laid tlie baptifinal prayer, the dy is to be wafh'd, which done, he takes
auftere, ArcMn- priell plunges the infant into the cold all he had on, and ruts him on a white
lefh but ""';-• river-water, with the ufual fort of worth fliirt and other jinnen, all new, lowing
(l roots and other cereinonies. him up befides in a new lack. Then the
Ichurch- iioiv oi:
The holy oil not of olives,
they ufe is priefts accompany'd by all the kindred
Iths and but of feveral flowers, (efpecially of the witli lighted candles in their hands, co;-.-
which flower of paradice, by them call'd 5,?- vey the body to the church, before the
id, andFjftir, /rj/aii-Taghe) and other fweets. It is altar, and a prieft having laid fome pray-
people blefs'd on the eve of the nativity of our ers, they place the candles about it, and
boil'd blefied Lady, and then the patriarch leave it lb all night. In the morning,
ly will V
diftributes it th.oughout Europe, ylfia, after faying mafs it is carry'd before
iftdan- and Africk. the archbifliop's, or biflioji's door, that
,
Being invitnl to a wedding that was he may fay tlie Lord's prayer for the Ibul
admi- B.ip;i':: to be at Zulfa on Thtirfduy the 5th, I departed. This done it is carry'd to tlie
|be inl- went thither betimes, and flay'd to din- church-yaril, the bifliop and priefls llng-
and is ner with the reiflor of the Jefuits. Then ing feveral prayers by the way, till "ic
is ear- being fent for, we went to the britle- is laid in the grave. Then the bil..op,
where groom's houfe, where there was a great taking up a handful of earth throws
Irayers, number of his kindred and friends. He iton the corps, laying thrice h'rom :
and mounting a horfcback widi a great at- Earth thou camcjl, and to Eurih tboujhalt
en the tendance, went to receive the britle, who return 1 remain there till the coming of
one being alio mounted on a horle richly fet our Lord. Then they fill up the grave.
tto lig- out with jewels they went together to
•,
When the kindred and friends return
camc tiw (i\urch, follow'd by abundance of home they fii.d a {lood dinner, made
al)ouc kiniircd a horfe-batk with liglited llam- ready, and among the richer fort they
forc- lioys in their hands. They alighted be- treat the priefts and monks for levcn
hfAd fore the cliurch and went up llrcight to days.
V.;i.. IV. N n When
i.W'î
J 38 rf^ /ôj^^^ round the WorU. B OOK I Chap.
GtMELLi Whena bi/hop dies, befides the afore- fpend all liie night there, lamenting a .*
'^94- faid ceremonies, after mafs they put a while, and then eating and drinking mer-
'"''"^''"^
paper into his hands, with thefe words rily i and there is no poor body in the
writ on it, Remember that thou cameft city that omitsdoing this.
from Earth, andfialt return to earth. If To
conclude this chapter, I lay, the
a flave dies, his mailer writes on fuch a Armenians firmly adhere to their antient
fiiece of paper, that he is not difpiea&'d cuftoms and the chriftian faith, notwith-
le fliould have his freedom, arid th^t ftanding the infinite perfecutions rais'd
he gives him his liberty. If any one againtl them by the Mahometans. Ve-
kills himfelf, they do not catry him out ry few of them have imbrac'd the Ma-
at the door of the houfe, but break down hometan religion, blinded by intereft;
the wall and bury him without any ce- for the renegado is put into pofleflion
remony. of all his kindreds goods, and even of
On the eve of the feaft of the holy his fathers, who muft afterwards live up-
croft, both men and women go to the his fon's courtefie.
church-yard with good provinons, and
('} ::
CHAP. IX.
Ik % 316? Coronation of Scia-Oflen, and the Mangeles, or Audience afterwards given

to the Ambajadori and Nobility.
Prepira- r| THE hour the aftrologers thought guarded by Softs, who pray'd for the
ion tor
j^ fortuna'.j for the crowning of the king.
tiic ting's
pg^ jîng (drawing near, on Friday the Taking the opportunity of the night Thckri
I went to fee the king's great Mofque, it %F'
had any fhops in the Bazars ftioutd being forbid to go into it in the day. A
fet up before them, and (lay
lights fjreat gate cover'd with plates of filver
there midnight,
till upon forfeiture of eads into the firft arch, which has o-
twelve tomans. I hacl the curiofity to thers on the fides making a femicircle,
go about at night to fee thefe lights and of them make the way into the
all
with a Perftan lord j and having walk'd cloifter. There is a curious bafon or
":
about feveral ftreets found nothing ex- fountain of fiione, and a double rank of
:Y traordinary, there being only tallow pillars about, with rooms on the firft
candles burning in the fhops, without floor for the Mullahs and other inferior
any fire-works, or wax-flamboys. The officers to live in. Oppofite to the a-
Bazars fhow'd well, rather for their forefaid gate, there are three beautiful
length than the number of lights. This doors to go into the Mofque. All the
I luppos'd to be becaufe the Perjians outfide of the ftrufture
de- hitherto
rather fear than love their king, and fcrib'd of the two towers without, and
tiicrefore it is not ftrange that the fame of the two joyning to the Mofque, is a-
day Scia-Selemon dy'd there were publick rlorn'd with bricks, or tiles artificially
weddings kept in Ifpahan. I thought colour'd, as is us'd in Perfia. The five
1 fhould have feen fomething great in jfies the compos'd of, are a-
Mofque is
the Meidan, the place being fo proper dorn'd with gold and azure. In the mid-
for it, but was difappointed. dlemoft, which is the largelt, is the cupo-
Whilft they expeded the happy hour, la fupported by four very great fquare
we went in at the gate of Ala-Capi. pillars. Thofe on the fides which arc
Within it arc rwo large arches, which lower, reft on thick columns of free
fuppoit a grc.it ftrufture (everal (lories ftone. Two great windows give light
high i efpccially the fecond of them, o- to the Mofque ; they are plac'd in that
ver which on the left hand is the hall part of the wall of the middle idc,
whither the F-zier, the Nabob, and the which is higher than the fide arches.
Axond came to adminifter juilice on the At the end of the Mofque is a good jaf-
days appointed. per ftone fix'd in the wall, eight fpans
Going further in along an uncover'd high and four in breadth. There were no
way but wall'd on both fides, with lamps hanging, as is us'd by the Turks ;
'
1il.
arches along them, is a pond of wa- but there were gootl carpets on the
ter -, on the left is the door that leads ground, and on the left of the nich tiie
to garden, where the dead king's
the pulpit, with curious ftone-lleps up to it.
body was wafh'd, and on the right Being weary of walking through fo
the room"! of thofe that have t^ken many Bazars, wc went undtr the bell,
landuary, and both thefe door's were on the nortli fiiit of tlie Mcidan, into
Book I, Chap. IX. 0/ P ER S I A. 139
iting a a coffee-houfe, diverting our felves with merciful punirtiment, in regard of the fcl- GemellJ
nier- fmoaking till the fortunate hour was lows ignorance, and fimplicity. '^9+-
g
ia the come. In the mean while a foolifli Mul- Underftanding on IVcdnefday the 1 1 tli, ^^'^^
lah fitting down without an upper veft that the king made the Mangeles, that is, of audi
ly, the and turbant, very gravely began a fpeech gave publick audience, and an enrertain-encc.
ancient in commendation of Scia-Abas the Great, ment over and above, I went to the Po-
otwith- and of Sda-Sqfi, extolling their aftions lijh ambaffador, and with him to the pa-
1 rais'd and conqueils. He grew fo hot in his lace. We entered at the gate of AU-Capii
s. Ve- panegyriclc, that he cryM out like a with the ufual difpleafing harmony, and,
he Ma- madman, and roar'd like a bull, foam- afcending four fteps, found the room of
itereft , ing at the mouth, efpecially when he audience was longifh, with the roof well
)ireirion mention'd any particular exploit, the painted and gilt, fupported by forty pil-
even of hearers applauding him by clapping their lars. The length of^ this hall is divided
live up- hands, and pipes. This confufion laft- into three parts, each a ftep higher than \
ed two hours, after which the Mullah the other, for the nobility to iland ac-
went about gathering an alms of one cording to their rank and quality. On
or two Cajl/is a head, andcarry'd off two the third afcenl ftands the royal throne
Abaffis. rais'd but two fpans above the floor, and
The king's The hour the aftrologers thought au- eight foot fquare. We found the king
iniugura-
fpjcious being come, which yet was un- fitting on a brocard cufhion, and lean- iif
is given lucky by reafon of the rain, about half ing his back againft fuch another. On
an hour after midnight, there was heard his fides ftood ten eunuchs, holding his
an ungrateful found of drums and trum- Fiipe, fcimiter, and feverai other things,
for the pets, playing to Scia-Offin, then feated n this fame part of the room, ten fpans
on the throne ; and in this mean manner from the king, ftood the Jlmatb-Dulet,
16 night The kirj') was the coronation of fo great a king fo- the Kilar-Agafi, the Cu.fi-Bafd, i\\t Sa
it^'W«. lemniz'd. It is, to fay the truth, improper-felar, and other great men. In the
'ofque,
Jay. A Iier to
a coronation 01 Mahometan
call it middle part of the room ftood the Chams
of filver cings, becaufe they ufe no crown, and or governours of provinces, and the Ki-
tliis ceremony is only receiving the ho- /il-Bafcis, or military officers. In the
1 has o-
micircle, mage of the nobility. lower part were thofe that play'd on feve-
into the
Tliey faid that the king being advis'd rai barbarous inftruments.
)afon or to take the name of Scia-Ifmael, an- When the Pope's and Poli^j ambafTa-
rank of fver'd, fp'hy, have not J a name of my dors came in, the Memunder, or martcr
the firft
own ? Ac the perfwafion of the Axond of the ceremonies made them bow their
inferior he confirm'd the donative of 14000 to- foreheads to the ground, and the fîme
) the a-
mans granted by his father to the fub- when they were before the throne. Then
autiful
jefts, but never paid. the king made a fign for them to fit,
All the Wine for- Saturday the 7th, the new king pro- and they were pl.ic'd among the Chains,.
rto de-
hid. hibited the ufe of wine upon pain of as were we of their retinue. Whilft the
ut, and death, beginning by his own noufe, where dinner was getting ready, the king was
he broke all the veflels his father had kept inform'd by the Atmntk-Dukt, who they
le, is a-
it in. I believe this feverity did not laft were, and what brought them into Ptr-
ciHcially
long, thofe princes being too much gi-
'he five
thc
are a-
mid-
ven to wine 1 and drunkennefs is a vice
they transfer to their fuccefTors with the
;,a.
About an hour after the table was The
cover'd after the manner of the country 1 '^"-
din-
m
crown. that is, every botiy fitting crofs-lcg'd,
|ie cupo-
A rich Sunday the "^ .Ii, the fon of the Great each had a piece of filk laid before Inm,
fquare
lich arc
frcicni. Mogul fent the king a Pifches, or prefent with a skin over it. Firft came feverai
lof free
of 20000 tomans value, confifting of an forts of fruit, and fwcet-meats in gold
|c light
elephant, a filver ciltern, and a great difhes. Then three great bafons of pilau,
gold basket fet with jewels, made like red, white, and yellow, cover'd with
in that
J
thofe the Perfians carry fruit in. pullets and other flefli, which was diftri-
|lc itle,
arches.
The king At length the king appear'd in pub- buted in gold plates. I being at the am-
hi _gciic-
|od jaf-
lickon Monday the 9th, clad in red, ha- baflTadors table, eat no pilau, becaufe I
' "* ving firft generoufiy diftributed 2000 rich cannot endure butter, and therefore raft-
It fpans
garments among the nobility and cour- ed only fome fruit feafon'd with lligar
rere no
VTurks
tiers, acconling tc^,jbeir fevcral qualities. or vinegar. The king had the fame diet
i
Pimifh
pn the
Tuefday tlie lotii, two wretches were on a table cover'd with cloth of golJ.
DlL-llI.
taken drinking of wine, and tho' they All perfons eat their meat in haft, be-
lich the
ple.ided ignorance of the edidt, they were caufe the feaft was but fliort, after the
to it.
agh fo
dreadfully beaten in the Meidan, till the manner of the Levant. Tluy drink a
n.iils of their toes dropt off, and they loft great deal of lemonade, and rofc -water
|e bell,
into
much blood ; and yet they faid it was a with fugar-randy.
After
a
140 ^ lôyage round the World Book I. ^ Chap.
Gemelli After dinner about noon, the audience forhim to fet out. Short of It I faw a WiCt
'694- difmils'd, and every one went his
was good Mofque, with the ufual ornament two
'iluTung^^'^y- ^Vhen the king ftood up, I ob- of colour'd bricks, but the towers threat- hou
ferved, he wore a long garment of a
"
ned ruin. In the garden we found great, in
gold colour, 'Svith a girdle and turbant variety of fruit, but not very good, bc- Ara
after the Perftan manner with a rich j-wel caufe of the thicknefs of the trees, which root
of diamonds in it. He was about twenty ftarve one another. There is a little tlier
five years of age, rather fliort than tall, brook enclos'd within a canal of ftone, H
his eye-brows thick, his complexion fair, and in the midrt of it a little fummer- on 1
and his beard black. houfe for the king. This ftructure con- of tl
Stables As we went out, the Polifij ambaflii- fifts of a great fquare arch, with a foun- day
and lior-
dor was pleas'd to (how me the king's tain of good marble in the middle, and .Audience Frt:n
llables and horfes. There were noble four doors on the fide.. Near the four ul leave,
jjîjj
creatures, with gold troughs before them, angles at the bottom, there arc four whet
and great pins or nails of the (iime me- little rooms, and eight on the upper- dienc
t'
V
tal about to tie them by the feet, as is floor. The arches are all gilt and paint- and
''.r), "'.lil.i the cullom of Ferfui. We did not mind ed with figures drinking, or women there,
i t •' *" ..1, f'
to fee the reft bccaufe it was then late, (liewing all their parts n;iked through
but were told there were in all 1500 tranfparent veils. On one fide of the
horfes, as well for the king's fervice (for garden is a little Aram, enclos'd withf
6 whom two are to ftand ready faddled eve- high walls, and a (mall garden in it. All
^r:' -*,: ry day) as for the ladies in the Aram, the the houfe confifts of one large hull, four
eunuchs, and other courtiers. By the little rooms, and a gallery indifiêrently
great gate there were alfb lions ferv'd in furnifli'd, as the relf.
is all
gold, like the horfes. Monday thei6th, at night, father £w<z-

Having waited on the ambaflador to niicl, an Augujiinian, made his efcape pri-
his houfc, as I was returning to the mo- vately, in order to go to Rome to do

na'.l'ery, I met a p.rcat multitude of horfe- pennance for his offence. He being vi-
,
1
mcn going off". Molt of them to ftiow car of the monaftery four years before,
they were tl'.e king's officers had a little had fquander'd a great deal of money
drum hanging to the pummel of the fad- ii!ly, and therefore fearing the anger of
«**; die, and the rim ol it filver, which they h's fuperior, turn'd Mahomelan, to the
beat when they want to be aided and af- great trouble of all the Portuguefe, taking
fifted in bufinefs of the king's. the name of AJfan-Culibech.
;î^."M> The king having been (hut up in the
Mnt. Ihwfih'j the 1 2th, I went to fee tiie
mint of Ifpahan, near the houfe of the Aram from his infancy, it was known on
EiigU{h. Here tlicy coin Abajlh, Mamu- Tuefday the 17th, that they taught him
d)sl and Sciiiys, after the fame manner as to ride in the garden, that he might ap-
MTaiiris and £;TCrt«. Friday the 13th, pear in publick. This is the policy of
I only din'd with father Elias ; and Sa- the Perftan court, contrary to the pra-
tiird^y the i4.th, went a (hooting, and flice of the reft of the world ; for evea
brought home abundance of pigeons. the grcateft men are kept ignorant,
The gar- Sunday xhc 15th, the prior and I, with whether there is a fuccelTor to the crown
den. fathers, went out of town to fee or not ; the eunuchs keeping the fecrec
al'i the
th-; garden of Bach-Xofch-cur'ut, here inviolably, and h.iving the care of the
the king ufcs to divert himfelf when he king's children in the womens apart*
is tc undertake a journey, till the fortu- men:.
nate hour appointed by the aftrologers
CHAP. X.
Of the R'.yal Garden of Sarafabet, and the A/dunce of Leave given tlje Papers
and King of Polancfj Ainhajjadors,
S^mfalct WEdnefday the i Sth, I went to 7,Hlfa, king, when he is taking his pleafurc, re-
gardens. and as I return'd faw the garden ceives ambafllidors. In it are the fame
of Sarafabet, which is on one fide of the divifions as in the hiH at Ijpabaii, a fine
way. The king goes to it from the fountain, and three rooms behind the
gardens of Ifpahan over a bridge of four- royal throne. It has alio communica-
teen ftone-arches. (upon the river San- tion with another gallery towards the
(icrii) oppofite to which, on Ziilfa (ide, garden.
is a gallery, whofc roof is fupported by In this garden there is a thick wood of
twenty wooden pillars gilt j where tiie fruit-trees of fevtral fgrts j a ftone canal,
witii
Book I. Chap. X. 0/ P ER S I A. 141
with little fountains in the middle, and four in the reign of Scia-Selemo/l, wlicnOEMEi.ti
two great ones at the ends 1 and a little he was difmifs'd by the Atmath-Dulet. '^94-
houfe built after the fame model as that Now that difmifling having taken no^'"*''*^
in the garden of Bach-Xofch-Cuna. The eflxdt, by reafon of the king's de.ith, and
Aram is clofe by the river with fmall other caufes already mentioned, I thought
rooms, without any thing valuable about it not confonant to the generofity of fo
tiiem. great a king, to reckon upon thofe he

Having no more to fee after diningj had given before. Tliat he had was of
on TbtirJ^dy the 19th, with the director cloth of gold, after the Perfian manner ;
of the butch company, I went on Fri- an upper ve/l of pearl-colour filk, with
day the 2oth, to vifit the fuperior of the gold ilripes, made like a cope, and a
,Ak1 nc(; French Coqtieris Saturday the 21ft, the
. turbant, and fafh of filk and gokl, and
1)1 Icive.
PoHJh ambaflador fent betimes, to know long fleeves. The king had fent Hecbar
whether I would go with him to his au- a prefent worth 3000 tomans ; ihat is
dience. Knowing it was to take his leave, 2000 in gold and filver, and 1000 in
It'll
and being curious to fee the cuftom u*'d filks, with twelve garments but thar -,
there, I drefs'd my felf immediately, and priif excus'd himfelf from going to
mounting a horfeback, went to the am- the audience, till forty days after the
bafladors, with my own and the prior's late king's death, and that his beard was
fervant. We ftay'd an hour for the grown, which he had cut a little in to-
mafter of the ceremonies, and five hor- ken of grief.
les the king ufed to fend, and then we The Pope's ambaflador had three gar-
mounted, the ambaflador honour'd me ments ; that he wore was of cloth of
with the next place to himfelf. The train filver, the upper veft of cloth of gold,
confided of nineteen perfons afoot, arm- and the fafli and turbant of filk and
ed with mulkets, of twenty a horfe- gold. The other two the Domini cam
back, and others, in all to the number wore were as rich, but of other colours.
of fixty. We alighted at the gate of The Ufl/eck ambaflador had his gown or
Ala-Capi, where we found four tygers, calTack of cloth of gold flower'd, and
feveral lyons, and four elephants, two the upper veft, call'il by the Perfians Ba-
great and two fmall ones, cover'd with lapufe, of cloth of filver. Two perfons
cloth of gold, all in a row. The ele- of his retinue wore the other two gar-
phant prefcnced by Hecbar the Great Mo- ments given him, which were of dif-
gid's fon,which had been firfl given him ferent colours. But his turbant was af-
by Scia-Selemon, had a great filver feat on ter his country faftiion, fmall and fliarp
'
% his back, as is ufual for thofe creatures at the top, with a black feather in the
to carry. Having pafs'd through the middle.
firft and fecond arches, a place was ap- After we had been above an hour in
pointed us to ftay till the time of the this indecent place, hemm'd in with fer-
audience. This place was two fpans vants and footmen, ar length the audi-
higher than the other floors, and cover'd ence began by the ambaflador of the
with good carpcs. In the inner part king of the Imans, who w.as cl.xd in his
fitc the ambafllidor of the king of the own cloaths after the Turkijl} fafliion, ha-
Imans, an Arab, whofe kingdom is near ving had no Lalate or garment given
Mecca, and came to perfuade the Per- him. After him we went into the gar-
ftans to make war with the Iman of Maf- den, about fifty paces I'roni the arch
cnte in Arabia Felix. On the oppfite fide where the audience was, but were fain
was the Armenian tiie Pope's ambafliidor, to ftay a while by a fountain, before v.";
and the provincial of the Dominicans, with were introduc'd to the king. This gar-
another friar. In another arch on the den is about fifty yards fquarc, and has
right, fit, after a barbarous manner, the four allies making a crofs, adorn'd with
ainbalfulor of the king of the UJIiecks, tall C('«(;/--trees. On the fide ajoyning
'ôpe's Whilll: we were hero,
with iiis retinue. to the Talar-Tevile, or hall of auilience,
the r.imily of Ilecbar pafs'd by, being is a curious fountain, about twenty fpans
about forty perfons clad in filk and gold, in length, with a little rais'd place in the
re-
witii their little turbants, after the Indian middle for the king and great ones to
fadiion, made of the finefl: filk, the king ftand cool. At the end of the fountain
liimc
fine
having font for them. which reaches to the hall, there were
the
The kings of Perfia ufe to give am- two great filver vefTels. In the adjoyn-
bafladors tour Calates, or rich long gowns ing alley two hundred Tcpfcis or iiiuf-
nicii-
al their firfl and laft audiences, whereas were drawn up in a
ketiers ot the kings
thc
the Turk gives them only at tiie firfl ; rank fome Giarci or executioners with
;
but the Palijh ambaffidor had but one clubs on their fliould'-rs at the end
,d of ;
lli.u morning, becaufe he had receiv'd the whereof was a globe cover'd with filver,
in;ll.
Vol. IV, Oo call'd
142 -^ yoy^ge round the fforld. B o OKI. I Chap.
Gemelli call'd Topus } and thfn fome Soji:, who and abundance of flowers, dtliver'd it to
'^9+- liacl the liimc fafliion'd caps as the Giar- the ambalTador, who with great fubmif-
'"'"^'"^ Then the Ale-
f/V, but diHcring from them in that they fion liid it on his Iiead.
were covcr'd v/ith fik. Undo; the wall tfiondar ixnd laftcr of the ceremonies took
1
of the hall Itood twenty horles with all it an..i :„ on his turbant,
plac't that it
their furniture adorn'd with great dia- might be well leen by all people. The
monds, rubies, emeralds, and other Hones letter was cover'd with doth of gold as
of great The ftirrups were of maf-
value. is us'ii among tlie caftcrn nations, two
five gold, and the word laddies cover'd fpans in length, and proportionable in
with cloth of gold, with nails of the lame hreadth. Having receiv'tl the letter, and
metal. compliment of leave by the mouth of
The audience-chamber was not the the Atm^tb-Dulet, he made iuch another
feme we were in b<.fore, being a great obeifonce as lie had done before, and was
room joyning to ihe garden, as has been by the fame ofiicers reconducted down to
faid, the walls of it painted and gilt, and the garden.
adorn'd with looking-glafTes, as were the The pope's ambalTador went In next,
four wooden pillars which fupportcci a and we uay'd in the gardi n till he came
fmall fcafibld. ir. ilie midft was a four- out, that we might all go away toge-
Mr" tain, and at the end as it were a great

niche or clofet, containing the royal throne
ther i fince being difmifs'd, we were not
to ftay to the king's Mangeles or dinner.
fourteen fpans fquare. On that fide next Befides the great letter for die pope, his
the garden feveral muficians fat on carpets ambaiTackir had a fmall one for the re-
playing upon variety of inftruments, publick of Venice.
Dilcful
whilil others iiing after a barbarous man- Returning home, with the admiration fdlival.
ner. We
afcended from the firft part of of the Europeans, who faw thole letters
the room where thefe people were, to the on the turbants, the Poliji ambaflador
fccond, as was defcrib'd in the other hall, honour'd me
with his table, which was
where leaving us, the ambafTador was led much than the ill-drcfs'd pilau
better,
by arm by the Memondar, and
the right the others were eating at court, tho* ia
by the by die Efcicagafi-Bafci, who
left gold dilhes. At this fecond audience I
is great porter, or mailer of the ceremo- tuo.k better notice of the king. H'^ was
nies, up to the king. His majeily Gite on teifder, and of '> puny conftitution, had
a culhion upon good carpets, and had two a little face, lêautiful eye-brows, black
other brocard cufhions at hi;, back. A- eyes, and a hack but lliort beard. He
:r;î: bout him ftood many eunuchs, as was had on a gow.i of red cloth of gold,
mcntion'd in the orhe. hail. When the with a Ihort velt over it of a gola colour,
ambaifador came within fix paces of the without fleeve.% call'd in the Perfian lan-
king, he fet his hands on the ground, guage Curdt ; on the right fide of his
bowing down his forehead almolt to the turbant he wore a heron's feather upon a
pavement. When he ftood up again the jewel of rich diamonds.
Atmatb-Dukt came before him, and ta- Sunday the 2 2d, I heard mafs at the
king a letter out of a gold bafon that barefoot Carmelites, which was all I did
was at the king's feet with other letters that day worth remcmbring.
The End of the Firji BOOK.
!'«(
^*^ _
'1^ I J Chap. I. 'H3
Francis GemeUi Careri. Fart 11.
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he fliw in

PERSIA.
BOOK II.
C HA P. I.
^be doleful Feftival, kept b^ the Perfians, for the Death of Haflan, and
Hoffen.
Doleful
fclUval.
M fOnday the 23d, the new moon

of Augujl appearing, began
the much fpoken of, and la-
mentable feftival the Per/ians
keep for the death of Hajfan and Hojpn,
the fons of Hali, who were kill'd by OmM-
near Bagdat. During the ten days it
Zulfa, to vifit father Boiirhirr, fiipcrior Gemfm,;
of the Jejuits miflion.
throng Sciarbach
Returning home
road, or ftrcct, I met
the king riding to Sara/abet garden on a
bay horfe, with furniture of a vaft value
in gold and jewels.
let-colour filk,
He was clad in a vio-
and was attended by at
694.
i li;;king',
retinue.
'
'!" -i
laftsi every fquare is fet out with lights, leaft a thoufand horfe between gcndcmen
and a long black banner is flying abroad, and foldiers, befides a hundred foot, as
near which a Mullah gets into a high may appear in the adjoyning cut.
pulpit to preach, ni.iking the hideoufeft Whenever the king goes abroad, ten
noife in the world. All the inhabi- horfe go half a mile before to clear the
tants of that quarter go to hear him, way ; but when he is to carry his women
clad in filk red and blue gowns, in to- with him, they riding a horieback, and
ken of fbrrow ; after filling their bel- bare-fiir.'d, proclamation is made two days
lies with all forts of fruit the ieafon before, for all men to be out of the way,
affords. The women, who in all coun- and not prefume to be feen in that ftreec
tries are of the lame temper, yield the upon pain of death, which is executed
at the Mullah's, great profit, giving them money, without mercy.
1 1 did iwect-mcats, and rofe-water to cool them To this purpofe, they tell the good A f Icaf.mt
when rhey aic heated with preaching. fortune of a country-man, and the gene- P'^"-"S'-"'
Till the laft day of the doleful fefti- rous goodncfs of Scia-Selemon. 'I'he pca-
val, by the Perfians, call'd Afciur, or fiint was coming out of the country with
mourning is over, no Turk can appear his afs loaded with peaches, and meeting
in publick, witliout great danger of his unexpeftcdiy in the flreet, or ro.id of
life. I my felf law one on Tiiefday the Sciarbach, witii the king, and having no
24th, who had been baftonado'd to de.ath, place to retire to, he fell flat on his face
were it not for hisnimblcncfs in fliut- upon the ground, with his eyes fiiut. Scia^
ting himll-lt up. What they did on Hêd- Selemon perceiving the poor man's fim-
lU'fdd^ the 25th, was ridicuious. They plicity, and being well pleas'd v«ith it,
made a figure of llraw, 'vound about commanded him to rife. His fear was fo
witli cords, on an als, and curry'd
fet it great, that he fcarce could be jierfwaded
it all town, beating it i fome-
about tlic to obey the third command, and the king
timcs Omar, and Ibmctimes
catling it turning to his women, bid °very one of
Jhumnrgian, his companion. At laft in them take fome of the peaches, and give
11 hetlini rage they kill'd the poor afs, the peafant a zecchine. This done, he
A and
both the
in that one maulkin of Itraw hurn'd
murderers of their two holy
order'd him to take which focver of thofe
women he lik'd for his wife ; and thus,
youtiis , which found me loniething to tho' at firft he was fliic, he went home
(.High at on T/jiiri'dny the ;,6th, with the with the fineft woman in Pcrfia, and iiis
ambaflador, and Ijther FJias. purle full, to his cottage, whence he came
J-riday the 27th, after dinner I went to out alone, and poor.
^.iturday
;
H4- j4 yoyage round the World, Book II. fl Chap.

GsMEi-ti Satunh\ the 28th, the Portuiuefc fathers men were come to the fcafV. Se-
that thrc
"69+ \vherf I loJg'tl, celebrated the feilival of veral from all parts of the
procefTions lofe
'-^^'^ St. Auq^tilihi, at which the PoliJ!} ambaflk- town began to enter the Meidan be- cell"
clor, Either Elias, and feveral religious, times. They carry'd pikes of a va(t /;-.•/
ami Fri-iicbmen were prefent, and were length, with banners fiftned to them, iion
trtMted at a plentiful dinner. Sunday the and horfes loaded with the arms and nint
29th, I went to fee father Raphael, fu- turbants of their fuppos'd martyrs, c-l-H
pcrior of the Capuchins of Ifpuhan, who finging doleful verfes to the noife of and
ever fince the reign of Scia-Abas the two bafons beaten at the fame time, Sahi'
fccond, ferv'd as interpreter for the let- and dancing in a very ridiculous manner. Per
ters, and to ambalfadors of Europe-
tlic Some carry'd the images of thofe very Eli'a.
an princes. He was about eighty years martyrs on beers, dancing about them ; Willi
of age, and had refidcd forty feven at others carry'd two children ty'd on a bles
IfpahaH, which made me fpcnd feveral camel, as if they were dead, with two of tl
hours with him, to be inform'd in the faddled horfes led by, on which were the
affairs of the Perfian empire ; as know- the arms or weapons us'd, as they horfe:
ing no man could give a better, or thought, by thofe children, who dy'd vice,
truer account. Tavernier in his tra- at nine, or ten years of age. All thefe pofe,
vels through Per/ia, often fpeaks of this procefTions pafs'd before the gallery ThcArf- Th
I
religiousman. Monday the 30th, I vi- where the king was, thofe blind people ;;.? id. which
fitedJames Norghcatner, diredor of the beating themfelves feverely, to repre- year,
Dutch company, and din'd with him, the murder the more lively. Many
fent the the -
time of my departure now drawing near. of them made nothing of going home difpof(
Tuefduy the 3 ill, I din'd with the amba- with their heads broke, or even of to M>
l&dor, to whom I was much oblig'd. death ic felf -, bccaufe they are fully profit
Wcdnefday the ill of September, being perfwaded that whofoever dies in that tlie P
Kcllival.
the fertival of Hajfan, and Hoffen, caV'd confufion, goes direflly to heaven Mupbi
by the Perfians Call, that is, murder •,
the gates thereof being open all thofe from
the king made a Mangeles, or enter- ten days for Mahometans. Many of the which
tainment over the gate of Ala-Capi, at loofe people imitating the fuperftitious ithas
which all the nobility and ambafladors companies, beat one another, and cut Sedre
were prefent. The horfcs and wild their flelh cruelly. The owners of the has tw(
hearts were rang'd in order before the Ihops had cool water ready to g> to or Axi
palace, as they had been the time be- thofe that were thirfty, in memory religio
fore -, and all the Meidan was clear'd of the thirfl Hajfan and Hejfen endur'd, are pre
from fhops, to make room for above a after their father Hali was wounded. appoint
thoufand horfcs belonging to thofe great of the
,
TnnPifih- Het
IIJ'"..IZ. namaz,
CHAP. II. the Pel
prayers
0/ the Religion, Marriages, and Habit of the Perfians.
i
from tl
'
M.i.'.'iibl.
The
'"N the Perfian dominions there are ker, Omar, and Ofman, fiying they u- expounc
I Mahometans, Pagans, or Goris, Jews, furp'd the inheritance due to Hali, Ma- and by
Chriftians, Armenians that follow Nejiori- homet's nephew and fon-in-law. They ;nofl C(
us, Melchites, Manichees, Franks, and count after him twelve prophets, or ways w
catholick Armenians ; but the prevailing high priefts, and beginning at Hali, the wlien th
religion is the Mahometan, tho' diffe- fon of Abufaleb, they give the fecond laying e
ring from the Turks concerning the true place to Hajfan, cldefl fon of Hali ; the that a I
K;.^ fuccefTors of Mahomet. The Sumiis, or third to Hojjen his fecond fon, who dy'd from A
Ofmalis fay, that Abubaker was imme- .it Babylon in the place call'd Herbela, then,
diate fuccelFor to Mahomet, as his vicar 1 kill'd by the Sunnis in defence of his fa- by all t
he was fucceeded by Omar, Omar by Of- ther's inheritance, and therefore the Per- little fih
man- Mortuz-llali ; nephew and fon-in- fians keep his anniverfary. The fourth fome fe
law to Mahomet, whofe fuccefTors have they fay was Imonzin-el-Abedin ; the fifth or fuch
prop.igated their religion by the fword Mahomet el-Baker ; tiie fixth Jafor-el- The
more than by reafon, and therefore the Scadek, who brought up the barbarous that afti
followers of this feci are not allow'd to cuftom in Perfta, that whofoever turns the one
(lifpute, but to maintain it by force of a Mahometan becomes heir not only to Monchii
arms, as was liiid before. his own family, was
above, but
as faid fur as t
Pfrjhm The Sciays, or Halis, which are the even to his grand-father ; which the i.«,
good ai
rtligion. Perfians, call tlie Turks Refefis, or here- reafon tliat fome covetous Armenians em- them w
ticks, and abhor tlie names of Abuh.t- brace Mak'ometamfm, and lb their bre- d-Zama
thren Vol.
k'll '' > 'I.

;;;
iooK II. 1 Chap. II. 0/ P ER S I a: 14$

titren follow their example rather than whowillkill Btdgar, orantichrift, wl'ofeCiEMULi
lofe their inheritance. 1 he feventh fuc- followers Ihall go to hell, and if re- '^94
celîr was Muffa-Katzim, the eighth A- pcnting they turn back, two horns (hall '-''V^J
li-cl-Rezza, whofe tomb is at Mafud^ and grow out of their heads after this im-
•,
honour'ii as much as Mahomet's i the mediately will follow the refurrcdion

ninth Mahomet-el-Jucd ; the tenth Hali- of the flefti, which they call Maavcdct-
dlladi \ the eleventh Hozen-el-Askeri Hurbe, the fouls and bodies uniting to go
and the twelfth Muhemanet-el-Mohadi- before the great judge. But they fay all
tune. Sabcd-Zaman, concerning whom the men muft pafs the bridge of Polfcrat,
Pfr/ui'is believe as we do of Enoch and which is iharpcr than a knife , and that
£ii(is, and therefore they leave in their the Mujfulmam will pafs as nimble as
v/ills, houOs ready furnilh'd, and fta- birds, and the infidels at firft flcp
bles full a horfes, for him to make ulc will fall under the bridge where there .
t)f them when Saeb-el-Zaman, that is, is a river of fire and abundance of de-
tlie lord of time ftiall call him. Thefe vils, who have hooks to draw them in j
horfes ire kept without doing any fer- which opinion is fo fixt in the hearts of
vice, pon the revenues left to that pur-
I the Perfians, that if any man denies ano-
pofc, and the houfes iliut up. ther what is his due, he prcfently fays,
The ^ '^"^ Nabab is head of their religion ; he will meet him at the bridge of Polfc-
A',;-
ijb. which dignity is worth 14000 tomans a rat, and laying hold of his garment,
year. In publick he takes place next to will not let him pafs till he is paid.
the Atmatb-Dulet or prime minifter, and They believe the porter of heaven,
he pleafes of the legacies left
ilifpofes as whom they call Rufvaii, will open the
to Mofqucs, which always turn to his door to them, near the great fountain,
profit. There is no difference betwixt call'd Kofer ; where their prophet will
the Perfinn Nabab and Turkipj great give them to drink of that water, out
Mupht'i, but tint the former may pafs of a large ladle ; and that then they
from religious to civil employments^ fhall have a great number of beautiful
which the latter may not ; and tnerefore women, created purpofely for that end, r1
it has often been feen that the Nabab or and delicious meat of feveral taftcs ; but
Sedre has been made Jimatb-Dulel. He that the enjoyment of the women fliali
I
has two judges under him, call'd the Sceik not proceed beyond imbraces and kifTes,
<
or Axondy and the Cafi, wlio deride all and the meat Inall digeft in odoriferous
religious matters, grant divorces, and fweats, without turning to excrements,
are prefent at contracts and publick afts
appointing their deputies in
of the kingdom.
all the cities
as it does in this world. Thefe follies
were a great diverfion to me, when I
was in the company of a Perfian lord,
m
He
TiicP-'/f*-
}w:.iz. namaz,
that calls to prayers
whom the Turks call
is call'd Pifcb-
Iman; but
and had thefe quellions put to him.
They fay their women fhall be in hea- p.,r.idice MII
the Perjia>is do not cry out to call to vcn in a place apart from the men, and of women.
firayers from the top of the towers, but to this purpofe the prior of the monafte-
i-om the cupola or roof of the Mofque. ry told me, that fomc Portugiicfe being
'
Mi'.'di.
^'^^ doiftors who are every Friday to much importun'd by a Mullah to become
expound the Alcoran, are call'd Mullahs, Mahometans, he ufine this argument,
and by the Turks Hod^rias. Thefe are that unlefs they profefs'd his fliith they
;iioft compleat hvpocntes, for they al- would not go to the true heaven, but
ways walk gravely, talk ferioufly, and to that feparate place where the Pcijian
when they meet any body, feem to pray women were j they anfwer'd they would
laying a cloth on the ground, and upon be fatisfy'd to be there, and fo they ' 't
\ \i
that a ftone or clod of earth brought fhak'd off the Mullah. He being after-
from Mecca, which they kifs now and wards reprov'd by the Cadi for his folly,
then. This fupcrftitious relick is us'd defended himfelf by fiiying, that another
by all the Per/tans, as arc alfo certain paradife would be made for the wo-
little filvcr pipes ty'd to their arms with men, that they might not be among
fome fentence of the Alcoran in them, the chriftians.
or fuch like trifle. The Prji am marry their children ve-Witl-s.
i.,.:,,, The Perfiam Turks believe,
like the ry your_,. They are allow'd by their
J, id. that after tliey are bury'd, two angels, law four lawful wives at once, one of
the one call'd Anachir, and the other which is the true one and chief, and call'J
turns
Moncbir, come and raife them to life as Zana-Codcfi, the others they call Motha,
snly to
Lr as the waft, to examine them what Befides they may have as many concu-
but
IS the
good and evil they have done ; and ufe bines as they will and can maint.iin, ta-
them well or ill accordingly, till Saeb- ken from the quarter of tiic IVhorcs who
iHs em-
cl-Zaman, or tlie lord of time comes, are call'd Crape, which is in Ji'pahM known
ir bre-
thren
Vol. IV. Fp '
by
!/'
A6 r'J Voyage mwd the World. Book II, | C h a p.

iGtMEiii by the name a^ Bazarmuche, which ,
.lys may put her away the fecond day, gi- wliii
'^"H- a iliity U) till' kill!';. They arc taken for ving her tl'e tilac \ and this is us'd among ibni
^-^'"NJ,^ certain lime, ami the contraft maiic all the Mahometans. Father I'rancis ot" hofe
before a judge. When tiie time is ex- S. Jofepb, once prior of the monallery ol c
pir'd they are to continue chait tony where I lay, toki me a comical padligc ter
ilays, to lee whetiier they are with child. tliar happened at Rajfora whiKl he refidcd clot I
They may alfo make ufe of their flavcs -,

there, as the king ot Portugal'^ envoy. the
and tiie chiliircn born of cither of them /In Arabian lord falling out with one of a en,; ,
kl-
are eounteii legitimate, as to inheric ; hut his wives, gave her the Tilac 1 but /(/tvilji;.. may
with tiiis dirt'erciice, that tiie females have making him foon repent, and there being no i'hel
but half the portion of tlie males. having her till Jfn' had been with another, Ihari
I.ivt. The Pi'i-jLiiis are fo amorous, that he lonk'd out for ibe opportunity of fome
fomctimes to (how their love, they Jl ranger to lie with her. 'Phis being told the
brand their arms with red hot irons, Turkifli Balla zvbo was very amorous, he
like bealls perhaps to cxprefs that no
-, caus'd ajtranger he lighted on to be richly i
torment is fo great as that they endure clad, andfeni him to )he Arab, as it were
in their mind. A
Pcyfum lord, my about fame other affair. He feeing an op-
friend, took a piide now and thei in portunity o/f"-'d, of bringing about his de-
fliowinn; me fcveral futh mar'.s of love /:gn, after inquiring into bit condition, gave
he li.ul on his arms, inade for the love him an account of his amorous diftemper^
of a concubine, on wliofe account he and how he might be cur\l by bis means.
was perpetually at variance with his The place and time being agreed on without
v/ife. any upon promife of perpetual fe-
dijiculty,
M.uri.igc!. Beloic the wife is carryM home flie crecy the Jlrangcr got the lioi.uvi into bis
\
h.is her ctoaths fent her, and the hus- hands, and immediately delivered her to the
banil appoints her portion. On the Bafla, who put her into the Aram. The
wiJdinf;-day, or ratlier the night, the Jlrangcr was never heard of more, and the
bridegrnnm iijocs to fetch her, attended deluded Arab could never recover bis wo-
by his kindreil and friends a horle-back, man.
with !i|;lited ll.imiir s ; and is met by As for the Perfian habit the Cobayas, Habit.
iier h.df way, with the like retinue of or veils befoie-meniion'd, reach down
women, who carry the bride's apparel, below the knee, and have (treight (leeves
with of drums, anil trumpets.
inufick down to the hand-wrill. They do not ufe
Bring come to the bridegroom's houlir, buttons, but knot them with ribbands un-
:::^' - a MiiUab reads the matrimonial contrad, iler the left arm, ami under the right hip.
and having jierforni'd the nuptial ce- Pcrfons of quality wear it of filk, or cloth
rcmonv, the women divert themfelvcs of gold, with a filk fifh that has gold
the reil: of the day in one apartment, flowers at the end of it ; and over that
and the men in another. 'I'his puts me another of filk and extraordinary fine
in mind of Taveniier^s miflakc, wlio woollen, which cods more than if itweri
Totn. I. Cl.hip. iS. page 719. fays, tbal cloth of gold. They wear fliirts of co-
if the RriJfgroom has promis'd an extra- lour'd filk, or of cotton of feveral co-
vagant Portion to gain the Bride, whenjhe lours i ius alfo breeches which reach down
coma, he /huts the Door, faying he will not to their ankles, and clofe, tor they wear
take her at that price, and vjill not receive no drawers. Their turbant is made of ve-
her unlefs an Abatement is made and a new ry fine filk of feveral colours, embroider'd
Contrarl fign'd. For feveral Perfians of with gold and filver at the edges, and
quality told me there was no fuch thinp, Hands up like a fan upon the forehead.
I but that in fuch cafes the bride's parents,

or kindred underftanding how impofli-
blc it is for the husband to make good
Thele turbants are very heavy, and fomc
of then'' have fo much gold about them,
that they cod feven or eight hundred
his promife, moderate it ; or elfe the crowns of our money. L'pon the veft
judge does it that the man may not be fomc wear a loofe doublet, or waftcoac
beggcr'ii. If in procefs of time they without fieeves, call'd Curdi, in winter lin'd
happen to dilagrce, the woman demands with fibles, or little lamlvskins, brought
her tiowcr call'd Tdac ; and being a- from the province of Korafon, curioully
greed to part, they go before the Cafi, curl'd. In the hard winter they add a
or Efcec-Jflon who is the dodtor of the long woollen robe down to their feet,
law, and in his prcfence they dilTolve with long fieeves, wove all in a piece, to
the matrimonial knot, and remain free. keep out the rain the better ; but fomc
This may be done three limes , after peribns of quality wear them of Englip
whicli the woman cannot be rcceiv'd cloth, or clotii ot gold, lin'd with ermins ;
again, unlefs flie has firfl been taken by they being very extravagant in their ex-
another and put away. The husband pericc!. At their faHi hangs a dagger,
which
Book 11. I Chap. III. 0/ P ER S I A. 47
y. &- wliit'h tliey call Canguv; and the nobility The Pfr/zi;;; women dilTct" little in thcirGtMPiti
foinetimcs h.is it fit with jewels. Their habit f.om the men for their veils are "^"^t-
•,
ncii ot' lujfe are of a width i Ionic wear thcni

all made open before, reaching"; l)Ut h.dt way ^>^/'VJ
nailery ot cloth of gold, or woollen cloth, bet- the leg, and their llceves come down to th<:
ter lliap'd 1 but the pcafints wrap courfc wrilt. On they wear a little
their head
refilled clotli Icvcral times about their legs. Round cap, ado.n'd with precious Hones, il they
envoy. thi* cdi^c of their locks, towards the an- be people of quality, from which a veil
I
one of A nmi; .\
kl,-, they few a piece ol leather, that it hangs down behind, cogethcr with their
hut love Any may not be torn by the fliagrine fliooes. trefies, their breeches and llockings arc
bc'in^ m J'heii.- are matle like our dippers, with a like the tncns.
another, Iharpiron tour fingers high under the heel.
of fame
;
told the
roil 5, be
CHAP. III.
le richly
Of the Civil Government, the Manners, ami Funerals of the Pcrfianr.
I
;'/ "jjere
;
an ap-
his de- A.luiiii- T^' ^-''7''' jullicc is done with brevity complaints may not come to tiicking'<i
ill, gave ilr.itiunoi' I and Icvcrity, witiiout fo many coun- ear.
ijleinpery iiiilicc. cellors and follicitors, as are us'd in Eu- As for thefts in cities, t!ic criminal is Thieve-,
's means. rope. I'lie Chains, or Governours, have ty'd by the feet to a camel's fadille (as was
zvilhoiiC the adminillration of it in the provinces ; laid before) and his belly being ripp'd up,
H'tUiil fe- and they appoint a Deroga, or criminal- he is fo carry'il about the publick places,
inlo his judge in every city, who has under him the cryer proclaiming tiwi the king has
(•;• to the an AiitdS to execute his orders. Befides punilh'd him for fuch art oftence. After
m. The the king appoints a Divan Beghy and a this round, if he be not yet dead, they
and the Kaiantrr, who is to look that the fubjeds hang him up at the next tree, and when
bis wo- be not opprefs'd by tiie Cham. he has expir'd they bury him. There is
MjrJcrcrs Murderers ,irc punidiM fpeedily and alio particular care taken to punilh all
CobayaSy Habit. 1 with rigour, for thu Divan Beghy delivers infolencies committed in taverns, flews,
li liown i them up to the parties aggriev'd. and they and other publick places.
It fleeves I leading tJie criminal to the placfi of exc- As for what concerns provifions, there •'ife 'it
3 not ufc
'
cutioM, put iiim to death witli their own is a Mothefeh, or fuperinteiident of them,"" P''"*'"
'°"''
ands un- I hands, as they tiiink fit. It is allow'd to with four alTillants, who every firft day
'
ight hip. compound for money, but it is fo dilho- in the week fets the prices of all things,
U'Ah
or clotli noui.ible to forgive the wrong on that acby weight, not meafure. If any man
IS gold count, that this is feldom or never pra- be taken felling but a farthing dearer,
vcr thac
'
ftis'd. the common punilliment is to put on

ary fine Robbers. High-way robbers can expert no mer- him the Taktekolas, which is a cap with
'
itwer-; cy, and arc punifli'd fcveral ways. Some- a fir:;' 11 bell hanging to it, and lead him
of co- times they hang them to a camel's fiddle, about 'he city, as if he were whip'd •,
ll co- with their head down, and then rip open after which he pays a fine, and is baflo-
down their belly. Sometimes they immure the nado'd 1 the feet. The weight ofgrofs
cy wear criminal up to tiic neck, and leaving him things, as wood and the like, is call'd
of ve- a pipe in his mouth for his Lift comfort, Btittimaii, and is about twenty five pounds
roidcr'd let iiim die in that miferable manner ', of ours. The ilnall weight they call
and to that fomebody pafling by, in compaf- Mufcal, whc-cof feventy two make a
cliead.
fion cuts off his head. Some are bafted pound.
nd fome with burning bacon, and then their flefli Having fpoke of the Pcifian govern-
them, cut in pieces and dittributed about the ment, it will be proper to give an ac-
lundred publick places i befides many other tor- count of all the Chains and I'izicn the
he veft ments, horrid even in the relation. 'Tis king fendi into the provinces, that the
true thefe robberies feldom happen on the reader may form fome notion of the
aftcoac
rerlinM roads, bccaufe of tlie guard kept by the vaft extent of that empire. A Pn-fsan
jroughc Rattan ; but when they do, the Cham of lord my nobly born, and aiflu-
friend, iili
the province is oblig'd to pay the value of ally in the king's fervice, whole beha-
iiioully
add a what was ftole, after four months and viour was his greatcll recommendation,
ir tect,
ten days allow'd him to find the robber. with much difficulty procur'd mc the
ce, to Some Chains pay immediately, that the following lift out of the roya' archives.
fome
Englifb
rmins
eir ex-
fht
which
I tf
p
148 ^ Vi^^lt round the fForJd Book U^r ^^ ^
T'be Provinces governed by Chams, are
CiMiii. TrErmum-Sdm
'.}
iM
iCiiAP. HI. 0/ P ER S 1 A. 149
cfi)C» ialljr to carry the Calaat to Cbams They wear no long beards, like thcG«M«iii
ul provinces, who tliry are lure will Turk}, but thole that belong to the law,^ '^+
mikc tlicin a great |)rc(ciic. Every Cham now and then clip it with kilTcrs. 1 he'jj^j^"^
when he receives this prefent from the courtiers and foldiers fhave, leaving long
king, goes lix miles out ot the city into whiskers, and under the lower lip a
a garden, to meet the melTenger, at- patch like a fwallow's tail hanging, to
tended by the cliief nobility and officers make their countenance more nonourA-
of the country, with feveral mulical in- ble or dreadful. Old men dye it black,
flruments. As loon as ever he fees him which holds feveral days. Other youths
at a difhincc, he b( *», and kneels down pull out the hair of their cheeks to have
to pray for the king's health. When their skin look fine.
he IvM done praying, the melTengcr puts They give much credit to fuperfliti-S"P<ffti-
tlie Calaat on him, which at moft is a ous obfervations and therefore if two"""'
•,
garment of ftlk and gold \ and fomc- friv.nds (hould hapjien by chance to touch
times in token of Greater afFcdion, there feet, they believe they fhall fall out, and
is added a lalh and turbant. Being thus therefore each of them immediately takes
clad, he goes to the king's houfe, fol- the other lovingly by the hand, and then
low'd by the people, there he kiffes the each lifti his own up to his head. They
threftiold of tiic cloor, and prays again, look upon it as an ill omen to meet
and then goes home, to make a noble with any melancholy perfons, when the
entertainment for the prime nobility, for new moon is. In fliort they are lb
joy of the honour receiv'd. much addidted to lu[)erl>ition and divina-
IP/rflitlll Tlic Pi-r/ians wink at injuries, to wait tion, that they never go about any thing
jfcvcnge- an opportunity of being reveng'd. They but at the hour appointed by the aftro-
iiiil.
are great flatterers, ambitious of ho- logers, who are look'd upon as oracles
nour, and tify to be perfwadcdj fo by them. The' .fore no man neglefts
that the catholitk milTioners could with buying the almanack, or Tacuim, which
great eale prevail with them to imbrace fets down what time is lucky to put on
our faith, were the free cxercifc of the their cloaths, ô to the batli, purge,
milTion allow'd in Perjia among the na- and do other things ; as alfo whether the
tives. I remember, I feveral times faw year will be fcarce or plentiful, difeafes
a Per/idii loril, whofe houle was always and wars.
open to tlie Auguftinian fathers, kneel They ule a fort of divination by even rii
in the church, to hear the divine office, and odd numbers, like geomancy. I
with more devotion than the catho- have ften the very women make judg-
licks ihemfelvcs i and reprove others ments of things to come, upon plates
who did not make their obeifance to on which the planets and fix'd liars of
the altar } and yet he was a Mahometan. the firft magnitude were engrav'd.
iBIvcr. They feldom play, becaule Mahomet They circumcife their fons /ery young, Circumci-
iftoni. forbid it. They do not ufually divert like the Turks; and make barren wo-'""'-
thcmfelves with walking, like the Eu- men fwallow that part which is cut off,
ropeanf, but fitting after their manner to as an excellent remedy againft barren-
enjoy the purling of fome ftream, or nels.
the pleafure of a garden. The men ne- The Perfians have no furnames, but Titles.
ver dance, but there are women whole fay fuch a one the fon of fuch a one.
trade it is, that are hir'd on feflivals. Thej^ give learned people the honoura-
There are mountebanks, but extraordi- ble title of Mhza, and foldiers that of
nary arifh, and not at all pleafing. The Becb i but they often miftake, and call
greatelt paftime of youth is to make a ignorant perfons Mrza. Thole that
hollow paft-board cafi-, lapp'd over with are defcended from Mahomet are call'd
fome fort of skin, which they tofs up 6'ahet, which fignifics as much as lords ''1
into the air with a large roK, when the among us. )
wind blows, and it fou.vis like the pipe Sports, and particularly hawking is Sports.
of an organ ; the Portuguefe call it Pa- much us'd among them, fo that thofc
pagaw, or parrot. who are well to pafs keep great num-
U'.lliing. riiey never pray till they have wafli- bers of thofe birds, as alfo dogs and
ed in running water they can-
•, or if horfes. They
take tobacco a different '^•j'^j^'o.
not come at it in the ciftern, every way from the Turks ; for under the bowl
man has it to this purpole in his houle. it burns in, is a little bottle full of wa-
When they have had to do with their ter, which makes the fmoak pafTinp;
women, they go to wafli at the bath, through it come cool to the mouth,
which they may 'o till two hours after and this pipe they call Caliana.
fun-rifing, the rell of the day being for Befides tobacco, which no perfon Opium,
the women. whatfoever forbears, they ufc 0/'in>n,
\ (ji.. IV. Qjtj and
M
i.-if
wSm
Chap. IV. 0/ P ER S I A. 151
grow hot fo fooii. On the other fide fuch a man is dead, for him to feal theGEMEiM
tiic and goldfmiths tio nothing to
filver licenfe to walli This done,
his body. ' '•'>+•
the Mullabs come from the Mofquc, witii ^-^^-^"Ô

the purpofc ; and carpenters worfc, ha-
ving no other tools, but a pitiful faw, long poles, to which there are tin or
•''"'"•''3'
an ax, a hammer, a cliizel, and rarely iron plates fallncd, or fome bit of taf-
a plane. feta, and carry him to the grave, cry-
siik.
Tiie grc.uefl: trade in Pcr/ia is that ing all the way Allah, Allah. The peo-
of filk of the province of Ghilon, and ple that pafs by help to carry the beer,
other places. The Dutch buy abundance, at the requeft of the kindred. At the
anil what remains they weave, part funerals of great men, feveral horfes fid-
whereof is alio fold out of the kingdom. led follow, one carrying the turbant,
Befiilcs this the Pifiaches of CaJ}/in and another the fcimiter, another the arrows,
almontls of Ti'^d bring a great de.al of another the bow, and all tiiofe things,
money into Perfta \ as does the fhagreen, that may tend to their honour. The
Turh leather, dry fruit, and painted grave is commonly made in the great
^S'
ftulTs, the DiiKh carry to the Indies, jfa- church-yard, call'd Carbejlon, two foot
fi'j! and Europe ; and the camels, horfes, wide, and fix in length and depth. The
mules, and lambs that go into Turky and body being lain in it, with the face to-
other parts. wards Mccca, liiey place two flones on
Women. Thr Women in Pcrjia are extraordi- each fide tiie head, that it may not ftir,
nary beautiful, becaufe they are brought and four more about the grave, wiiicli
from the provinces of CircaJJia, Al'uigrc- then they fill up with earth. For pcr-
lia, and Grorgia, and from the frontiers fons of notL they ereft a covering, or
of PoLiiiil, ATufcovy, and Grctit Tartary ; roof, or little cupola upon four pillars
and this by way the Perjiam
ol^ trade, nor is it true, as Tavernier fays. That
belides their and hir'd women,
wives, they bury their arms with foldiers ; but
buying Haves to keep in the jlram. thole that are able ro diltributc meat tQ
White and black eunuchs keep them in the poor. The Mullabs alio take care
their apartments ; and go abroad with to go eat at the dead man's houl'e, be-
them to keep off the people. In the fides the payment given them for the
flreets they go cover'd with a long cloth, funeral. To conclude, the kindred and
lb that they look like ghofls. friends go for feveral days to condole
Sitkiicis.
When any Pt'rfian is very fick, they with the heir.
light feveral fires on the top of the Only foldiers are forbid leaving pious
houlc, to give the neighbours notice, legacies (fuch as we have before fpoke
that they may pray for his health. When of in feveral places) and fo thole that have
he is dead, they make dreadful cries and been officers of or manag'd the
jurticc,
howling ; efpecially the women, who king's revenues becaufe he is their uni-
;
now and then report the dead man's verlal heir, allowing the de.td man's eldelb
good adtions and qualities, and then give fon fome fmall portion of the edate, and
a fhriek by fits, that is hideous to hear. raifing him to th^ Cinic degree, it he is
words, Next they li.nd word to the Derosa, that capable of it.
't:
om tlie
of th« C H A P. IV. ':

But I
Ipcaks
Of tbe Flowers, Fruit, Minerals, living Creatures, Coin, Arms, Climate, and
Perjian • Limits of Pcrfia. :' 1
nd Gol-
bcforc
Great INandPt-rfia there arc
the untill'd
flowc
fieli'o
.. of all
are
forts,
full of'
any harm, tho' a man eat never fo much
of them ; there being Perfium that will
'm
moft hcuitiful tulips but above all, it •,
eat thirty pounds in a day. The Iccond
are tlic Hj
abounds in rofcs, from which they didil which have a green rind, arc bettor tail-
cnioufly '"
water, and fend it into India, and other ed tlian the firll, and call'd Puoft-Sabs -,
Ihifls.
countries. the tl.;rd FaBeri ; the fourth Aiiiigabali
bccaufe
from
The fruit 1 . much better than ours in the fifth Belgiie ; the
lad Carpufa-pais,
Europe, and there are all forts of it ; or autum melons, which keep all the year
DiUiur-
but tilt melons h.ive a m.^ll fingular about.
wlitrf
tafle, and exceed thofc of Parabi/o, in The peaches are well taded, and good, PmcIics;
the kingdom ot Xaples, which are coun- for tho' I cat never fo many, I did not
ill lli.i-
ted the iu'il. There are fix feveral forts, find they did me any harm, notwith-
riothing
which rijwn at feveral times. The firll danding antient writers fay tliat they are ::! -v
from
of th.'ni call'd Gbn-ineik, are yellow, and venomous. The figs are good, but not
e wliin;
l(.ivc to purge the body, nor do they found in all parts of the kingdom, by
do tint ''"' '
'li-iM
grow realon
'h-m
10 A Voyage round the tôrU. B ooK n Chap.
Gemeili reafon of the cold of fome countries. of creatures kill'd in one day's hunting,
'^+- ant
Almonds there are of feveral forts, fuch but it muft be obferv'd that thofe prin-
'"•''"^'^ "nd fo good, that they make a ces caufed country for forty miles
the cal
plenty,
wli
trade of tiiem, as they do of the nuts, about, or more, to be beiet by thirty
*-.;i:P all about Indoftan, and the Portugueje or forty thoufand men to drive all the one
game to one place. Foxes are counted the
carry them as far as China, which pro-
duces none. The country about Cajbin unclean, and the Perfiam do not only rou
good and avoid killing or touching them, but will for
and Sultania yields Pijlaches ;
VVe.ipons
in the provinces of Ghilan, and Mafan- not come near a man that has a gar- and lol-
ment lin'd in their furs. pari
tiran, there are fome few chcftnuts, olives, dicry.
There is a prodigious quantity the)
oranges, and lemons. ofFow!..
Among the reft, there a>» three forts fowls, but particularly of pigeons, wild and
Crapes.
tars.
of delicious grapes, which they call Ki- geefe, cranes, ducks, mallards, turtles,
femifci, without any fmall feeds in 'hem j crows, herons, and two forts of par- n>
Lilio
rho' all others exceed thofe of the king- tridges i the one no bigger than a quail,
their
dom of Naples, which are the beft in and the other like thofe in Europe. The
the
Italy. There is fuch great plenty of pigeons they keep in towers are taught to
150c
them, that befides what they eat all the decoy the wild pigeons to the dove-
But
Wine. year, the wine made of them ferves the cote, or the neighbours ; which they
ordc
Per/tans, who from the higheft to the often allure by giving them better
miicl
loweft are great drinkers, and fupplies meat.
f.11 Indojlan, China, and other countries. They man hawks, and other birds of Hjwiirj Clim.ilc. T
to th
The and moft delicious is that of
beft prey to kill thofe birds, and ufe them al-
excef
Sciras and Ted. In which countries the io againft four-footed creatures, teach-
ing them bad 1
wine is not kept in cask, as is us'd thus. They hawks to
ufe the
feed out of the hollow of the eyes of Ifpuh
throughout Europe, but in earthen vef-
glaz'd within, or elfe anointed with wild beafts, whole skull and whole skin kingc
r,r'':i fels
heat,
the greafe of fheeps tails. The "ellars ftufF'd, they preferve to that purpofe,
that f
are not deep, but handfomely contriv*d that they may look as if they were a-
to carry friends down to drink. To this live J then they make them move, and
in 32
titude,
purpofe there is commonly a ciftern of by degrees fwifter and fwifter ; fo that
dog-d
water in the middle, carpets on the the bird greedy of food follows them.
plague
ground to fit down, and long rows of At tying the counterfeit beaft on a.
laft,
troubl
niches in the wall, with feveral veflels of cart, they make a horfe draw it upon a
6:iow. The
U-' different forts of wine. full gallop } and fo when the hawk is
quantiJ
Herbs. They have a fpecial method of pre- abroad, expfting to find the fame food,
ferving all the aforefaid forts of fruit he fixes on the living beaft's head, and
frefh the year about, and particularly a pecking its eyes, gives time to the hun-
fort of plums call'd Abuboxra, which ters to overtake, and kill it.
are red with fome mixture. The beft Befides hawks and dogs, they makeoiiLj.
herbs for common ufe in Perfta, arc ufe of a fort of creatures they call On-
lettices, coleworts, borrage, and Ipinnage, fes, about the bignefs of a fox, very
befides roots. fwift, their fkins fpeckled like tigers,
Tuairlm. A f
Mines. As for mines there are fome of cop- and fo tame, that they carry them be-
his wif
per, lead, iron, and fteel. In the moun- hind them a horfeback i but if the hun-
rious a
tain Phirusku, four days journey from ter through miftakc, flips them after their
laws t(
Mefced, they dig Turk-j ftones of great game at too much difadvantage, fo that much
value, of two forts, the old and new they cannot overtake it, they are fo
fliort t:
rock. The firft fort are kept for the much caft down with fhame, that an in- ful prii
king, being of a more lively and laft- fant may kill them.
nation
i.
' Porls. ing colour. Add to this the excellent No gold is coinM in Perfia (as was Coin-. of n.iti
fifhery of pearls at the idand Baba- faid above) except at the coronation of
ny tho
rem. kings. There are three forts of filver
mania,
Be»n« of For ferviceable beafts, the Perfiam money ; the Abajfi worth four Carlines death 1
burden. of Naples ; the Mamudi worth two Car-

have excellent horfes, good mules, large it was
camels, and two forts of alTes, the Per- lines i and the Setae worth one there ;
dies, I
fian for burden, and the Arabian which arc alfo pieces of an Abajfi and a half, Ardevi
are more mettiefome to ride on. For and of two, but they are fcarcc. Thcfc was A
hunting there is flore of wild boars, pieces have no effigies on them, but on-
tation
Eorcupines, retl and fallow deer, roes, ly charafters, which on the one fide im-
liar wi
ares, tigers, lions, bears, and other port the name of the king then reigning, the livi
wild beaits. This is fufficiently demon- and on the other the name of the city domini
ftratcd by Scia-Ahas, his building a where they are ftampM, with the year of h.iving
tower in Ifpaban, with only the bones the Mahometan Epocba. Vol,
The
Book II. H Chap. V,
The brafs money is
0/ P E
of feveral forms,
R
fts
S I A.
above a ftone three fpans high, aGEMiLLi
53
unting,
and (tamps, for in fome places they are league from the city, towards the moun- ''^94-
fe prin-
call'ti Kasbekes, in others Gazes, forty of tain ; by which the Perfians judge of-*'"^''"^
^ miles
which make an Abajfi. The Gazes on the the fruitfulnefs of the year. In the fou-
thirty
one fide have a lion, and on the other thern provinces, and particularly at the
all the
the name of the city. The Kasbekes are ports of Bander- Jbafi, and Bander-Congo,
:ounted
round, like the Gazes, but there are alfo on the gulph of Perjia, the heat is ex-
31 only
fome longifli. cefTive, and hurtful ; for it breeds in the
but will
Wewnns ThePerfian weapons are for the moft legs of Europeans, a fort of flender worms
a gar- and Ibl-
part hows, arrows, and fcimiters tho' •, fifty or fixty fpans long, which are af-
dicr/.
they know how to manage a musket, terwards drawn out by little and little,
tity ofFowIi.
and have the ufe of cannon, and mor- in feveral days, roll'd on a ftick. The
IS, wild
tars. There is no trufting to their infant- great men retire at that time to the cool
turtles,
ry, which may be compar'd to our bat- neighbouring mountains.
of par-
Lilions in the kingdom of Naples, but Several nations have formerly reign'd Pfr/!M
a quail,
their chief ftrength confifts in horfc ; for in Per/ia, and extended their dominion domini-
t>e. The into all the three parts of the world then''"''
the king upon tiie leaft call can raife
ught to known. In A/ia they poffefs'd Ar?nema, Uornij.
150000 good men, upon better horfes.
: dove-
But they fight in confufion, without any Perfta, India on this fide Ganges, AJf^ria, lli;l.'p.ig.
ch they
order. For the fea, they have not ft) Syria, the lefler A/ta, and the ifland of '°^' ^
better
much as an arm'd brigantinc. Cyprus. In Aj'rick they had Egypt, part''''
Clim.itc. The air and climate differs according of Ethiopia, and Libia. In Europe, Tbra- Ptj/,„.
birds of Hiwiinj Edzerbagan is cia, and Macedonia ; befidcs the iflands Gag. I,!,.
to the feveral provinces.
hem al-
excefllvc cold, but hcakay ; Mazandran of the Egean fea, belonging botii to Eu-^-
teach rope and Afia. Under the Parthian mo-
bad by re.dbn of tlie llanding waters
,
lawks to narchy the Per/tan empire contain'd all ^Z"^'''.-

Ifpdhan, whicii is almoft the heart of the
eyes of
kingdom, is more fubjcifl to cold than that lies between the rivers Indus, and
^t'fj'[\
lole skin
heat, becaufe of tlie abundance of fnow Euphrates. At prefenr, to come to the lihiiit.
purpofe, matter in hand, that is, to modern af- Oejc ,.W
that fails inftead of rain, tho' it is feated
were a- minutes of la- it is bounded on the nortli by the
in 32 degrees, and a few fairs,
J-'''-'''-
>ve, and
titude. The heat is tolerable even in the Cafpian fea ; on the fouth by the ocean
''^^"'l
•,
fo that and not attended with the on the eaft by the Mogul's country, and
do<r-days,
re them, plague oi^ bugs, fleas, gnats, and other on the weft by the "^nirkifi dominions, ii i,
aft on 3. troublefome infcdls. from which it is parted by the rivers Ti-
upon a The fnow, as I have laid, falls in fuch gris and Euphrates.
Snow.
hawk is
quantities in winter, that fometimes it ri-
le food,
id, and
he hun- CHAP. V.
make Ohlj.
The Genealogy of the Family now Reigning in Perfia.
iall 0«-
very
K,
tigers,
Tjnin/jnt, AFter Tamerlane had routed Baja- the beft he could, and gave them their
<:''
zeth's and made him and
army, liberty to return home ; in memory of
lem be- his wife captives ; he carry'd his vido- which benefit thofe people ever conti-
le hun- rious arms into Perfia, and prefcribing nu'd moft affectionate to iiim, and all
:er their laws to thofe people by the point of his his rare.
(6 that much dreaded fword, he became in a The Perjians finding thcmfelvcs op- //,••;„(•/
5j/
are fo fliort time the richeft, and moft power- prefs'd by the Turur yoke from the
an in- ful prince in tlic eaft. His cruel incli- year 1250, and being confuin'd witli ci-
nation not being fatisfy'd with the fpoils vil wars,by reafon of the divifions in AiJ.r. «;;..
as was Coin-. of n.uions fubdu'd, he drove away ma- tlie family of the L'jfinn-Caffan\; If)nael'>':i^rit>t.
tion of ny tiioulands of prifoncrs out of Cara- Sofi the tiiird, fon of Sceik- Aidar, widi'^'''-
''
filver mania, with a defign to put them to the affiftance of the Caramani.in's, ta-'''''
Carlines death upon tiic firft opportunity. But king courage, begin to fei/e the em-
o Car- it was the good fortune of thofe wret- pire v firft iioffcffing iiimk-lf of Tauris,
there ches, tiiat wiien he came into the city which was divided into factions, and af-
half, Ardevil, lie found a Si'etk, wiiofc name terwards routing Alamut, king of Pcrfut,
Thefc was Aidar, who iiv'd with the repu- or as others will have it Aluanle, the
ut on- tation of f.inclity and growing fami-
; fon of Jampiiis, the fon of \JjJum-CjlT.in,'^''r'^'''!'>
ide im- liar with iiim, he not only granted him and killing liiin with his own hand "'irv'VScL'
gning. "
the lives of all thofe cîptives, but the t'-at city. This happened about the year',':,'v'
le city dominion over tiiem. The good Aidar of our lord 1499, and from th,;t time i? ^'fC;.7
ear of h.ivin'^ obt.iin'd tiiis, provided for them forward Perfia was rall'd tiic kingdom'^''-'
Vol.. IV. Ur of
The
! ;;
^54 -// yoâge round the JVorld. ^«0K IF,

I Chap
GtMEl I-
of Sopbi, as being fubjeft to the race of whom he had drawn to the palace with
yet
1694. [fmad. Some, tho' without any ground, fair words, and ferv'tl the queen-mo-
brc
will have it, that this man was U/um- ther in the lame manner lb abfolute •, is i
ilf rdim Caffliit's grandfon, as being born of his the power of thole moiiarchs, and li)
Perfuii. dau[;hter, and of Sicnidari, furnam'd ready the of their fubjei'ts.

oliedience
Ardiidle, of a city of that name he was Some may
perhaps imagine that the
poUlls'd of: But the trueft opinion is, people at the light of thofe heads would
that he was fon to Sccik-yiidar, as lias enquire into the caule why they were
been faid, the great grandfon of Mor- cut off, and blame their king's cruelty ; J:
luz-AU, Mahomet's coufin, and fon-in- hut the bell of it is. That all the peo- n
law. ple in the Meidan, without any further wIk
'Tammus fucceeiicd his father Ifmnel confideration fiid. Since the King has or- All
Ji'viilll z and T'ainmtis left lor his fucceiVor Ifmael dered thefe Dogs to be cut to Death, it is thro
the fecond, wlio by reafon of his cru- a Sign they deferv'd it. SciaSof dv'd in the
elty fate but a fliort time on the throne, the year 1642. of hard drinking. the
Mithnifi- his •'•'•'
brother Mabomct-Codibciide, tho' un- His fon Scia-Abas the fecond, fuc-'^ lb
fkill'd in government, being fet up by ceeded him, having been kept at Cas-' his
the great ones in his place. Some are bin, fo that he did not make his folemn he IS i
of opinion that this man was blind •,

entry into Ifpahan, till the beginning of vern
iS " i
but the truth of it is, that his eyes the enfuing year 1 643. He reign'd twen- to
!' '4- were weakned by a red hot iron his ty one years, with the reputation of a va- .\';,-.T. Tl
brother caus'd to be held to them, the liant, and noble prince but fo addi-
•,
who
firit day he came to the crown ; which dled to drunkcnnefs, that one day he to tl
cullom continues to this day among caus'd three of his women to be burn'd, 'J'l
S.:J-Ji:i his fuccelFors. After Mahomet, Scia-A- becaufe they refus'd to drink more wine. euniK
hdi the firft, his ion, reign'd, and was He dy'd of an inflamation caus'd by her,
call'd the great, for liis extraordinary that vice in the city Telizoii, and the fe\'en
wifdom and valour, with which he ex- year 1664. ply I
tended the limits of the empire, con- The great men that were then at - Th
quering the kingdoms of Lar, Ormuz, court immediately lent the general of ftable
Caitdabar, and other cities and provinces. the mulketiers, with the chief of the and t:
Of many fons he had only Sofi-Miiza aftrologers to carry the news to his br;.nd
rv^ liv'd, who having got a fon on a flave fon who tearing his garments that
; from
the grandfather grew fo fond of the moment in token of grief, (ate him Ibldiei
grandfon, and fo avcrfe to his own fon, down at the door of the Aram. Then M- Th.
that lie order'il a great man about the a lord appointed for that purpofe draw- Mirfct
court to put him to death. Yet after- ing near, girt on his fword, fiying, a has ui
wards feeing his head he lamented bit- flave of his had obtain'ti fo great iin long tl
terly, feiz'il ail the goods of him that honour. Then the king put on the S-or-B.! -
Thi
executed the cruel command, and gave Soji's cap, which is wide at the top, dogs,
them to him he lud before banifli'd for with twelve gathers in memory of their is lube
refufmg to obey it. From that time twelve prophets, an;'. I'omething like a The
forward, the king's fons have alway. cilindcr, halt a fpan long, and cover'd keep t
been kept in the Aram. Siia-Abas dy'd with the lame cloth. Then abundance when I
about the end of the year 1628, having of drums and trumpets founding, the alio ex
rei;j,n'd forty years and order'd, that-,
people ran into the Meidan, every one The
alter his death tiie crown fliould de- crying out, Pa/jlia-Sal-Ameleck ; that is, fwortl.
volve to Scia-Sofi, his grandfon, whicli / faliite thee emperor ; which is all the The
was perform'd by the general of the folemnity of the Mahometan corona- arrows
army, and the refl of the great ones. tion, as has been faid clfewhere. Not •11k
Siiit-SJi. Siia-Sofi coming to the crown, could long after, falling lick, by the advice Tlu
not at firft give any Iperimen of his va- of the phyficians, he chang'd his name, of a t
lour, as well becaufe he w.is yet a child, and took that of SeiaSelemon ; as we in the
as by reafon of mu'h Ojitim given him have re'atcti at large in the foregoing The
by iiis grandfather to flupity him. The book. He dy'd on the 29th of Juh Tilt
firfl: notable aftion he ilid was at Cu- i6()4, whilil I was at Ifpaban ; cxprefly kirn- II
bin, where he or.ier'd the head of Ali- forbidding his fon to prartice the an- are rei
Ciiiican (a man that had deferv'tl well tient but cruel cuftom of their family, The
from the crown, as having in the reign of putting out their brother's eyes with troiluc
of Sda-ylhas conquer'd the kingdoms red hot irons. mandiii
of Liir, and Ormuz) and of three of Sda-Ojfin afcended the throne on the
''••' '^•
Mm
hi' Ions to be rut off. Then making 6th ot ylti^cjill, that fame year, at the ailrolo
his entry into I/j-nhtin, he thd the lame age of twenty five ; and tho' hitiierto the ki
to Icven principal minifters of his court, he his fulfill'd his father's command, kiiij^s.
yet
^ il. I Chap. V^ 0/ P ER S I A. 155
yet he will fiil in time to blind his antient ciiftom ; if lie does not put them Gemelii
brothers antl .
"s, according to the to death. "'54
C HA P, VI.
Of the feveral Employment t in the Perfian Court.
Till'', prime poll in the Perfian The Divan-Beg, is fuprcme judge both Ohafi'
court of AtmathDulet,
is that in civil and criminal aftairs, and has his "i'^.
who is like the grand vizier in Turky. court in the king's houfe. He is judge
All the aftairs of the kingdom run of appeals from all provinces in the king-
through his hands, and he contrary to dom, and receivs informations againir
the Turk, difpatchcs more bufinefs with the Chams, and ot'i.r great men.
the {x:n, than with the fword ; nor is he The Deroga is under the Divan-Beg, to Duc^.h
,XM..f;
lb fubjed to go to the war, or to lofe whom all appeal that are wrong'd by
his head for the lead mifcarriage. But him. He punilTies thieves and fuch tiiat
he is to take tlie proper meafures to go- are guilty of capital crimes.
vern well, and not propofe any thing The Sofragi-Bafci is he that lays the Sy>,;i.'.--
to the king that may difpleafe him. cloth of gold on the carpet before the^-^'''-
S.:-.tr. The next great officer is the Nazar, king.
who has charge of all that is prefcnted The Sdrad-Bafd is to provide the Si /r^/-
to the king. with wine.
kii-^j3 fcllar *'.''•
Tlie next is the Mether who is a white I'he Mefcaldar-Bafd is cliief of thof M,-fi.i!.!.!r-
eunuch, waiting always in the bed-cham- that carry flamboys. He furniflies the^'!''-
ber, and about the king's perfon, with court with wax-caitiles ; and takes tare
feveral handkorchiefs in a purfe to fup- that the gold lamps in the royal hall be
ply him when he wants. fupply'd. To him belong all the fines
then at % Vr;,hr- Mir-akor-Bafci has charge of the
The laid on thofe that play at cards and dice,
^ II. which are forbid by their law.
neral of (tables, which arc alfo a place of refuge,
f of the and takes care that the king's horfes be The Kavergi-Bafd has charge of the k'.i-.rî.
s to his bn.ndcd on the left leg, to know them coffee and ro^-water. -^'C''-
:nts th;it from others ; antl that none of 40000 The Giara-Bajd is the furgeon, who <"-'<''••;-
fate him foldicrs the king keeps be miffing. bleeds and fli.ives the king's head. ^''>'-
1. Then Mr The great mafter of the game is call'd The is head porter.
Capigi-Bafci fj",«/i;i'-
)fe dr.aw- Mirfcikar. He looks to the hawks, and The MeleLleqiar-Bajci keeps the kinc's ,'l^',''„ .
aying, a has under him all the officers that be- cloth, and has care to deliver it out w.^r-ufu.
reat iin long to the hunt. the taylors to make his cloaths.
on the w.-fl.-- The Si'gou-Bitfd has charge of the The Gelodar-Bafci is chief of the ioox-C,!o.i.ir-
ir^-3 f.
he top, dogs, and other beafts for hunting, and men. 1^"M:-
of their is lubordinate to the Mirfcikar. The Mirab isthe overfeer of the w.^- Mir.ii. ': '.
,«t
ai
I
like a The Sindiir-Bafd is iieau of thofe that ters,who get confiderably by the coun-
cover'd keep the faddlcs, and hold the ftirrup, try people, becaufe it is his bufinefs to
undance when the king gets a horfeback 1 he is diflributc the water for watering the
ling, the alio call'd Ozmigu-curfifci. fields.
ery one
'.' The Kebifci-ciirfifd carries the king's The Zcgher-Bafci has power over- all z^v'v
that is,
' fword. thofe diat work carpets with gold and/?;.,
all the The Oriage-curfifci carries the bow and filver,and cloth for the king's houfe-
corona- arrows. hold. This is done in the place call'd
e. Not ;.•'• The fccretary is call'd I'akanaviz. Karkrcn, where they alfo make fcimiters,
advice The Kiifnadar-Bnfci, is in the nature bows and arrows, filver rings, becaulb
s name, jj.;, of a treniurcr, that keeps all the money the Alubomctaiii may not fay their ulual ill
as we in the king's coffers. prayers with gold rings on their fingers,
regoins The great fleward is call'd Agati-Bafci. and they paint in miniature on a fort of
of Jiih The king's firfl phyfician is call'd Ka- vernifli m.ule of gum-maflick, and a iiii-
L'xpredy kim-BiiJii, by whofe advice the others neral oil, found not far from Sc:nm.;k:
y>n
Ithc an- are rtcciv'd. on the Cd/pian-dâ.
I
family, The
mafler of the ceremonips or in- TheNakkafce-Bafci is head of thefe.\'.;(i.,,;c.
les with troduclor of amb.iffadors is call'd Miii- painters or limners. /.'.('i/.'
manilir-Ihid. The Negcnr-Bafci is notiiing but the A'.-y.jr-
on the-*^-
'^' - ATonn^rm-Bafci, is the chief of the chief of the king's carpcntcis. I^'-jd-
at tlie altroiogers, by whom, as I laid before, The Jmbardar-B.iJ'd keeps tlie grain ./-.^jr-
liitiierto tlie king ib rul'd in all h''' underta- anil other provifions for the king's own •'-'•5.'/;.
Iniund, kin;^s. iile.
vet The
'\tt,6 A Voyage round the World, Book II.
GEMei.t.1 The Ohnci-Bafci keeps the wood to houfehold are chofen from among the
1 69+. burn. All thefc mechanicks have feve- Corfcis, or Gttlams, bccaufe they are well
0.lmi:i ral alfiftants under them, who have flefh, fhap'd, brave, and of good countenan-
B.illi. butter, rice, and fpice allow'd tor their ces, which the Perfians are not, for if
daily maintenance. they have any of tlicfe qualifications it
Tufcumal- The Tiifcamal-Bafd is fiipcrvifor of the comes to them by the mixture of blood
!;-.r' ,
1
<
Bitln. king's kitchin, and commands thofe that with the Georgians, or fone other na-
are to ferve at table •, whence he always tion dwelling on the Ciifiuii, ot black
takes tiic belt dilh. fea i and therefore the king iiir.ifclf, and
Failr ge-
mmi ncrals.
In war the king of Perfia is ferv'd
by four forts of Ibkliers, each of which
the great ones endeavour tc get chil-
dren by fome renegade Georgia:! woman.
has its own general. The firlt is the This employment of the Chums is one
Peyfuin commanded by the Super-Salar, of the belt a man can wifh for, becaulb
vliofe commiflion worth above 20000
is they are and honour'd like fo
fcar'd
tomans a year. The fccond is of the many little Their revenues are
kings.
Corfcis or Kef(::-.ifcis, that is. Read-head, feven or eight thoufand tomans a year,
bccaufe
who make
ers i their
formerly
a
general
and has about 15000 tomans pay.
body
they wore
of
is
22000 good
red
call'd Curjci-Baja,
caps,
foldi-
The
and they continue a long while unlefs
they be found guilty of fome heinous
crime. *Tis true at the Nunis or be-
ginning of the year they mufl make
M
iir/--'i inferior officeri among thefc foldiers arc the king a confiderable prefent i and
the Mimhafcis, who command a thou- every one be at the whole expence of
/anil men, tiie Juihafch a hundred, and his kitchin fora week. Thofe provinces
the Ombdfdi ten, every foldier has fif- where the king has taken away the ti-
teen tomans a year pay. The third fort tle of Chains, to lave the ufelefs expence
is of the Gulams, 0% the king's flaves, of his revenue are under eoverjiors call'd
who for the moil: part are Georgian re- Jffefs.
negadocs, or of other nations, who Now follows the fecond rank of thofe The .v.
recKon that Havery a great favour, for officers, who have the charge of rcligi-*''^-
the allowance of five, or at moil eight on, adminiller juflice, and infpedt ac-
tomans a year. Their general is call'd compts, and as in temporals the Atinath-
Gular-Agaji. They are arm'd with fci- Dulet is the chief, fo in fpirituals the
miters, bows, arrows, coats of mail, Nabab or fupream with two
Sedse fits as
and head-pieces. The king fomctimcs inferior judges, the one call'd Sceik, or
}' gives them good employments for their Axond, and the other Cafi, of whom wc
lives, and fometimes when they behave have fiid enough in the chapter concern-
themfelves well they are continu'd in ing religion.
their Ions, l"o they be men when tlicir The building of every Mofqiic is dired-
fathers die. The Tujinkgi compofe an- ed by its Monleveli ; and every Mofque
other body of 50000 men. Thefe are has a Movazen
to call the people to
peaiants, who fight with mufket and prayers from the top of it, the words he
i'ciinitcr, and have four or five tomans fays when he cries out to them in his
pay. They being generally very ill dif- language are. There is but one only God
ciplin'd, the Chains of the feveral pro- and Mahomet is his prophet.
vinces make them cxercife every three In the chamber of accompts czWARt-.r.
months. Their general is call'd Tufin- Defter-Kone, the king's patriinony runs
gi-Bufci. through the hands of the Mnfoji and
GuarJs. The Efeck-Agafi is commander of two Alainalck. Thefe value the king's farms,
thoufand Kefcelkifci, or the king's pecu- moll of the land in the kingdom being
liar guards, newly brought up, who his, and they let them out yearly, or for
carry f.icli a heavy mufket that it looks lives to private perfons -, receive all tiic
more like a falconet. rents,and enter into their books all the
Artill.cry. The is general
Tapigi-Bafii of the ar- expcnces on inferior officers. This cham-
tillery, whereof the Perfiam have fome ber has its particular Deroga, to punilh
fmall flock, but only in the I'ronticr thole that defraud the king"
places ; for we fiid before they have no By thefe feveral employments and
fighting fliipf, and thofe velTcls they officers, every man may gucls how much
make ule of on the gulph of Perjia and the Perfian court exceeds any other of
Cafpian-i'c.i againft the Uiheks and Kal the call, in fplendor and magnificence j
muks are very ill provided. without my taking the pains to fliew it,
The The Chains or governors of provin- which wouLl perhaps be oftenlive to tlic
ces, and all the officers of the king's reader.
C H A P.
tfl;
Chap. Vir. 0/ p ER s I a: 157
CHAP. VII.
7'be Author's Journey to Sciras.
FAtlier Francis of St. Jcfeph, had pcr- cellent fruit. We Raying here all day Gemeih
fw.Hted me feveral times to travel the fourth, I divertetl my lelf with flioot- '^"H-
with him to Rome; but finding me fully ing of pigeons. The knavery of the^-'''^'"^
rcfolv'd to go on to hdo/tan, he thought Ciarvattars was the caufe of our travel-
fit to take the fame courfe. He there- ling by night, becaule they flept by
fore hir'd twelve mules of a Ciarvattar turns on their affes, as found as if they
of Hciras, for us and our baggage, and had been in down-beds, nothing con-
we fct out two hours after night, on cern'd that we loft our fleep. To re-
fFeihiefday the ft of September ;
i father medy this evil, with father
I rcfolv'd
Francis, father Coiiftantine of the Holy Francis, to to beat them,

threaten if
Ghojl, both Portuguefe Auguflimans, fa- they ever flept again upon the afs ; for
ther Si'vcrimis of St. Jofeph, a barefoot then they would certainly travel by day.
Carmelite of Naples, and my felf ; all of They taking no notice of the warning
given, had good correction that night,
n\
us taking our leaves of the other fathers
with tender allcdion. being taken in and from that
the fad -,
Being out of Jfpahan, and its neigh- time, as we had iorcfeen, they began to
bourhood, we held on our way by travel by day.
moon-ligiit, and travelling nine miles Saturday the 4th, therefore we fet out
in four hours, through a plain but bar- two hours before night, and riding fix-
ren country, came to the little village tcen miles in fix hours, over a barren
of Spuiieca, wliere we were forc'd to country, ftopp'd at the caravanfera of
H\\
lotigc that night in the mud caravan- Maffur-Bck, near which there were two
fera, and to (lay all Thurjday the 2d,
country-houfes. Sunday the 5th, we took
for tiie load of wine left at the dwcl- our journey about the fame time, after
ling-iiouk- of the Dutch, through the travelling ten
miles, pafs'd in the night
carclenhefs of the Ciarvattar. In this by the village of Aiinahal, where
little
village king Scia-Abm gave many lands befides the caravanfera is an earth fort,
to a Pcrfian nobleman in exchange for m.ade by the king. Ativancing as ma-
the two villages of Ifpahan, taken from ny miles further, we took up at the
him when he remov'd his court from good caravanfera of I'sefacns, ieated on
Scini!. They lay that lord was (b povv- the bank of the river tho' the other ;
trfui, that the king dilinounted when he dwellings arc feated on the rock, anil in
p.UsM before Ills houfe ; but I will not fuch manner, that the place is fupposM
vouch for ti:e truth of it. I having kill'd to have been formerly a fort. Here
a great many pigeons, and tiie load of we found better bread than at Ifpahan,
wine being come by noon, we fupp'd the inhabitants being all well to pafs.
merrily ,ii night. That night the Ciarvattars were al-
Then mounting an hour after fun-fet, low'd to fleep on tlicir afTifli-bed, in
caird/?.':^
we tiaveli'd twenty f6ur miles in ten reward for their expedition the day be- I t (I
runs
hours to the village and caravanfera of fore.
and fulfering much by the cold and Monday wc
Magar, the 6th, departcil at the
|tarms,
wind. Here of our own free-will we fuTie time, and travell'd thirty two miles
being
gave the Raltars four Abajfis, but would in twelve hours, through valleys naked
lor tor
u1 nothing to two wretches that guard-
-'t of all trees, and expos'd to robbers ;
lill the
ed he way in the mountains. The ca- for which rcafon Scia-Abas built the fort
ill the
ravanfera here mention'd,
half a was of Giambct, in the mid-way, where there
Icham-
mile from the village, built twelve years is a garrilbn (fill kept. At break of
)unilh
before that time by Siia-Selcmon, and day wc came to the caravantt;ra of the
truly the ilrudure is magnificent, being village of Digbirdu ; but finding it ta-
and
of good brick, adorn'd with long rows ken up, were forced to lie in a ruin (
[much of trees, and the game about it preferv'd houfe, or rather a liable, with our
lier of
for the king. beafts. Nothing troubl'd us but watch-
Icncc ;
Having reflcd all Friday the ^dj we ing to ride by night, and being dillurb-
&w it,
let out at the fame hour as the day be- cil with flies in the d;
y for we tverv
|o the
fore, anil alter fixtcen miles riding in fix where found plenty of provifions at rea-
Jiuurs,through a barren country, came fonable rates , fo that we far'd plenti-
to the little mud city of Ctimufcia, feat- fully for three or lour Carlincs of Na-
A P.
ed in a fruitful plain abounding in cx- ples money •, and the want of caravanfe-
VOL. IV. .S f ra's
158 yl Voyage round the World. Book U I Chap.
Gisir.i.i.i ra's w,is liipi'IyM I'y .1 iH>rtiiblc kitchin ThuvfiLfj the 9th, we fetout again null
'<'94-
f.ithrr Fraiuii li.ui tiirnifliM with all iiten- two hours before night, and rode li.x- way
^'''"^'"^' fih. Thus in lluirt wc w.intfii for no- teen miles in fix hours on a plain ro.ul mud
tliin[T lint liiovv lo cool our ilrink. to the of a village call'd
caravanfera, lonp
Tufjilay the ^tli, wc ii.nl lomc iliftur- Ugiitm, confining of a few mud-houles,
b.incc, upon oîai'ion of f.itlicr Francis where wc alighted. The foil about it wc
brc.ikinji; tlie hc.iti of .in .irrnciiian, wiio docs not want for corn, by reafon of
vtry rii'.icly ,ook tlic p.irt of his compa- the nctglilxiuring river, over which there
nion, tl)at h;u! tlicatcii liim of torty five is a bridge of nine ffone-arches. Mere
mm ' tomans.
laiTC,
tlie wountl
VVc
lather yS,-vfiinns ot
1
rcllcil
anil
all clay
Napla
the rell of us diverting
in the vil-
tlrelTmg
I could not make ufe ot fomc few pie
CCS of brafs coin I brought ; becaule,
throughout the kingdom every province
our fclves in feeing caravans of four or makes its own, and will not take any
five hunilretl
pafs by i
mules anil camels together
tliat being the moll frequented
other nay, in feme places they will
-,
not take the filver thit is coin'd in an-

B
therrl
ro.id for the tr.a'' oi' hitlia. other government. Pie/,
W Tfioiintf' . the ufual hour, and FHciiiy the loth, fetting out at the very
fix iTi- 's fr< palsM by the ca- ificncc fime time, v/e rode eight miles climbing, S,it
ravani. ("•,:•"'« ;•'
i and lixteen miles and then going down a ruggetf moun- "y-
degrcl
further i' •
.'sr
•
Rulcuna, where
•
tain 1 then four mtles further, we pafs'il gitiuli
tiie Cirot^ \.:i .\x^". with us, with by tlic village and caravanlera of Ala- jili-'ala
the nets thiy ufually about tliern, •' mufada ; and laltly, twelve miles beyond fabaii
took one hunilrcd and hity ,)ouniis weight tb,it, took up at the good caravanfera pav'd
of good large filh. Then :idv.inc'.ig fix of tlic village of Maw. In this place, the n
miles beyond it, wc lodg'd 'r. the fa- tho' (eated among
high mountains, we which
mous c.iravanfera of the vil'age of Cuf- eat good figs, there being .diundince of way i'
ibinic, whiih fignities dry f oifon, a cold feveral fruit-trees, and good tobacco, can [
|)l.in-, by reaton ot the r eighbourhood which they carry to Ifpai.an. Father fendei
of the mountains always cover'd with Severinus fell twice from his mule be- dcrahl
fnow. 'I'he country about is cut a- fore he reach'd this phce, the way was joynin
crols with trendies -, the Per/iani ufing, fo bad, and being bid to fettle the pan- belong
v.l;erefoever they lind water, to con- nel which was come upon the beaiVs them
vey it after that manner to enrich tiicir neck, he anfwer'd pleafmtly, I will which
fidds. luve it futler for its the fault ; and left the ai
wc mule in that uneafy condition till the
U- on
While
Wt'ilnifilciy the
relied
Stu,
;n the caravanfera;
four oltridges, by Cinnuillar came up, who was two miles
It^ n.inic.
.7'-
-"'f
its
Son-
nai
the Pn-fiuns call'd Ciior-mcrjo, that is, and a half behind, that is, half a Per-
Cimel-ilirds, were brought in, and two jiaii league. The Georgians and Arme- 3. ,-, 3i8.qn.intii
wild cows, which tlie luitan of liibe- nians our friends, took a prodigiou.« '. iV.nn. alio tl
ri'n (a city on the Perjiaii gulph, known quantity of fifh, and we had our Ihare in for:
for its pea'-l-lillieryj or governour of of it. / ' ... after i
tlie province was fending to the king. Saturday the 1 1 tli, wc rode twenty ''".^"^''•inhabii
F,rr,ir. , .
Tlicfe cows are of our as big as one milts through a plain country, crofTing /v,'..
?./..- tnc""
(.lives, but and tender, tho'
more fat the river on
noble ftonc-bridgc, a
a ,.,:,„..;. new ci
t'ley feed on Ifraw. Their colour is quarter of a mile long, and lay at the clin'd
whitilh, e.v^-ept the tail and feet, which car.avanfera of Abigherme, five miles of it t
are black ; and on the head tiiere are from the bridge, one fide whereof which like t
!"f, large black fpots 1 their eyes arc fpark- was like to fall, being then mending. fliore.
fing i their horns flender, llrait, fmooth, Near that place was the mountain le-
M .11 y.x-
The
round, and two fpans long, with lliarp vell'd by Alexander, for his army to ras ar
tliini', in
black points. pals. it.
ty is 1
t
:f )
About fun-fetting we proceeded on We out late on Sunday evening,

let (lead
oui journe/ on a bad way, being ei- to go to a village near Darius his pa- Mdboi
ther marfliy plains, or dreadful barren lace. I laving loft our way in a m.irlhy not tl
mountains -, among which wc law the country, the Catergis led us in the dark- being
ruin'd ciravanlera of Danbasnc, former- ell of the night to pals over a narrow knew
ly good, but aban.lon'd becaule the ca- wooden bridge ; but my Armenian fer- viiitori
ravanleradar, or keeper of it, had been vant, who firlt try'd to pals, falling in- (j.inlcns. I ca
murder'd by robbers. At length ha- to the river liorfe and all, without re- Seiras
ving travell'd twenty miles in leven ceiving any hurt but being well wafii'd, by re;
hour.s, the laff three a llecp delrent, we alter'"' .ir delign, following the of thi
we came to the antient caravanlera of common a, I, and thus having fpent long
the village of /Ifpas, where the coun- feven hours in riding twenty miles, we mud !
try peoples hollies arc little better than came to the caravanfera of Polieor. Four a dill,
cottages. milcj
\y.
Book U I Chap. VIII. 0/* P ER S I A.
miles lliort of it, we pafs'd upon a caiifc- and travelling twelve milcsGt.MELn
tcr night-fall,
w.iy two and yet had
mill's in k-ngth, over rugged mountains, pafs'd by the '^'94-
caravanfcra of Bcfcing,!, and jiroceciling
"^'^'^
much trouble to get a liorlc and flave be-
Jonging to fatlier FrtVhis out of the mire. as many miles further, came at break
Two bales of car[Kts being dry'd, of day on TiiefJay the 14th, to Stirai,
\vc fet out on Monday ijth, an hour af-
CHAP. VIII.
A Brief Defcription of the City of Sciraj.
I'.ing come
lad to Sciras, v/e were
at than a city, being fifteen miles about, i
B' entertain'd the houfe of the fain too great a compafs foi twenty thouliind
thers of S. Tfiyfa, father Jma-ieus, a inhabitants.
Piemonlijt\ the Uipcrior receiving us with There arc excellent Bazars cover'd Cojnmo-
very courteous exprcfTions. with long arches 1 ahd better fquarcs,''''"^^"
fiiriii ci- Silrai is fcated in the latitude of 28 caravanferas, and Mofcûcs. Here they
'J'' degrees, 44 minutes, and 86 of lon- make glalTes, cut cnftal indilterently
gitude, in a delightful plain enclos'd with for l(?veral ufes, drefs leather, and print
pleal'ant mountains. Coming from If- filks. Abundance of money comes to
fitbaii, there miles long
is a way twelve the city fo dry'd tVuii, •."'
role-wa-
pav'd with Hint afcending to regularly ter, oranges without feciu an. fruit
the narrow path cut out of the rock, pickled in vinegar, wherc\/i-h kip-
This not only all Poiia. ,K
which is the paiHige into the city. plies lUt I, ^ an,
way is adorn'tl by a lofty portico, which from the ports of Ba>. 'r . 'hajj:, and
can be flnit againit enemies, and de- Bander-Cotido.
fended by a few men ; and for a confi- In the mint of this city tlv zo'v. brafs, Govern-
dcrable fpace the walls of the gardens but feldom filver. The go.jrnment ot""""-
ioyning to it, being all built alike, tho* the province whereof •>rtj is metropo-
belonging to feveral owners. Among lis, IS one of the beft ,1 ;, its juris- '
them is a gre.ic pool all of (lone, in diction extending towams Ijpahan, as far
which formerly there were boats to take as the village of y^Jpas, which is five
the air. days journey for a caravan.
It! mmc. Some will have ir. That Sciras took Tuefday the 14th, I went to fee two'lVn gar-
Jn. iiiM. it, name from the Prrjian word Scire, gardens fallen to the king by forfeiture. '*<-'»*•
îi'r III-
^^'"'-''' f'gi'fics mult, becaule of the great The firft is under the hill call'd Di/gru-
v' <. 3i8.n'^'"^t''y o'' ^''""^ matle about it. As fci, from which flows a river that runs
'
. iV.'.n. alio that all the plain it fbmds on was through the midfl of the garden. I h '^'-'ii
fhare in former times a great lake , and that found not only the palace, but the trees
afar the deltrudion of PcrfepoUs, the were all decay 'd, and that the water
"''•'inhabitants thereof, filling it, fettled ferv'd the people of Sciras for whiten-
their habitation there 1 founding the ing of cloth. On this fame mountain
new city. This they are the more inis a very antient flrufturc, which ap-
clin'd to believe, becaule in fome parts pears to have been formerly a fort, to
of it they have found large iron rings, ferve which there
is a well of a vaft
like thole they tie boats to on the depth dug in the rock.
fhore. Theother garden is on the left of
M ,11 V,,-
The two mod valuable things in Sci- the road, coming from Ifpahan. This
ras arc wine, and women, whole beau- is one of the bed about Sciras, for it has
lliiiii'. in
it.
ty is fo extraortliniiry, that in fervcs innot only double rows of cyprefTes all
.'ening, flc.id of a portion. Therefore crafty about it, but is a pcrfeift regular wood
Ihispa- Mahomet had good caufe, as fome lay, of rofes and fruit-trees, being all cut
niarfhy not to go into it on any account ; for into fquares, like a chefs-board. But
dark- being fonfiblc of his own weakncis, he the wall about it was fallen in many
liiarrow knew it might put a greater (top to his places.
\in fer- viilorics, than Capua liid to Hannibal's,. The red of the king's gardens are
(j.irJcns. I cannot decide whether the gardens of in a wretched condition, thiough the
Ing in-
)ut re- Sciras are more delightful to tiic tafte, ncglcdt of thofe that ought to take care
/adi'd, by real()n of the variety and excellency of them as is ufual in all parts of the
-,
ig the of their fruit -, or to the eye, for then" world, where they arc not afraid of the
ipcnt long rows of cyprcfs-trces. Thus the prince's eye, and the olTiiers are not
•s, we mud houles being h:d by their green at call'd tojudity their proLcedings.
Four a diltance, it looks more like a wood
mik"> CHAP.
'•*••.
:l'.
}66 ^ Vojagk round the World, Book II.
Chap.
c H A p. IX.
Tl'L' Dijcrtption of Darius'^ Pitlncc, (ind other Rtiim of Pcrfcpolis.
CsMEt
i6ot.
LI
THO' o|iinion,
many, with are of
nothing in the
there is
rcifon, no towers,
yet it has
as
on every
was us'd when
fide feveral
it was
angles at
built,
world more wondcrhil, or to be admir'd certiiin dillances, uniformly difpos'd, .md

by curious perfons, than whit Hill re- may be call'd halt batlion.s, .ucording to
mains of the m.itîiilicencc ot the ancient the true rules of military architedurc.
Rome \ yet there are ibmc that atfirm 1 he ftoncs it is made of, arc of a pro-
ail tliis is notiiinj; it compar'il with the digious magnitude, and it plainly ap-
j!,r,imids of li^sl't, and the works of pears they were dug in the neighbouring
A'esandcr tiic great, that lall to this mountain, as well becaufc of its ncar-
«iay. But tiiolc who have tnivcll'd fur- nels, they make the top of it
as bccaufe
tlicr do maintain tliat neither tlic Roman plain, and cqu.d with the palace. The
at,.' Pill'"'
jior Egsptiivi antiquities, nor the rtru- wall* of the firlt floor Hill llanduig, arc
iûrcs o\ Alt'xandiT the great are to be crulled over with black marble, and in
compar'd to the ruins of Perfifolis, and fomc places ten, in otliers twenty, and in
among the reft to D(uius\ palace, A others thirty foot high.
juftifiabic curiofity therefore prevailing On the outwards there is An in-
louth-fide
upon me, on IVriliu-Jiluy tiic i5tli 1 hir'd an cut on an empty fbacc fcriptiun.
infcription
two horles, for my felt and my fervant, fifteen long, and liven broad, in
ipans
for three abaftis a day, and fctting out fuch a character, that there is now no
rode twenty miles Ixifore I came to the underlfanding-pcrfon in the world that
river bridge of Polixan.
antl In this can make any thing of it. It is neither
place there were Rattan, but civil, and Galilee, nor Hebrew, nor Arabiek, noF
not troublefome to travellers like tiiofc Greek, nor any of tiiofe languages the
of Tauris. Then leaving the mountains learned have knowledge, but only tri-
we travell'd a in.irfliy road, mk\ at fif- angles of feveral forts, feverally plac'd,
teen miles end an hour before fun let, the various pl.icing whereof perhaps
we alighted at the car;;vanlera of the vil- formed divers words, and cxprefs'd fome
lage of Mirxafcov, half a league diftant thoughts. The moll receiv'd opinion
from Diiriui's palace. ii, that they are charaflers of the an-
The caravanfedar, or keeper of the cient Qorti, who were Ibvereigns of
caravanfera inquir'd of my fervant what I'erfta; but this is not eafily 'o be made
brought me thither, and knowing the out, the Goris themfelves being at prc-
caule of my coming faiu to him, if your fent very ignorant as to their antiqui-
mailer can read an infcription, theie is ties, and unnt to give any judgment of
in the palace, he will find a great trca- fuch things.
iurc but if he cannot, affure him that
; The great flair-cafe of the palace it
when he goes into a certain grot he will on the not ju(l in the
well-fide, but
remain there dead. 1 he Armenian be- middle, being a little towards the north
ing frighted at theie words, when I was on the fiile of the village of Mirxafcon.
going on Tburfday the 1 6th in the morn- It parts into two, each of which has the
ing to fee that antiquity, let himfelf fo w.ill on the one fide, and a bannifter of
pofitively not to go wirh me, that I the lame marble on the other. Both of
had enough to do to get him at leaft to them are of the fame workmanfliip, and
flay a mile from the place to look to the in the midil of each
is a fquare landing.-
1}
'. horfes. place, as broad as the ftairs, to reft, and
i
p.il.icc.
To come to the point, this vaft fa- then turning to inch another, it leads up
brick is at the foot of a high mountain, to the lirll floor fo that the llair-cale
-,
that overlooks a plain above thirty makes three quarters of a circle ; and it
miles in length, and twenty in breadth, alc( mis two oppofite ways, that is, on
where the famous Perjefo/is fuppos'd is the right and left, circularly up to the
to have llood. The front of it looks to- firfl floor, as was faid above. I cannot
wards the weft, and is five hundred of my think any words can exprefs its magni-
paces in length i the north fide four hun- ficence ; for if we resârd the breadth, it
of
BM dred, the fouth two hundred and fifty ;
on the eaft it has the mountain inffead of
is
afcent
thirty
it is
foot, if the eafincfs
fuch that there are niniy five
of the
a wall. Its fliape, as may appear by the ftrps to rife, twenty two geometrical
dimenfions, is irregular, and may be feet. The flones are thirty and thirty
compar'd to a fortrcfs-, for tho' it has five fpans lon?^ each, and of a proportio-
nabfe
00 K II.
Chap. IX. 0^ P ER S F A. kTi
nable depth, fo that fix or fcven fteps with a little altar, out of the middleGrkULu
arc cut out of one ftone , and if it hap- whereof a (lame rilb. This might up- '^'>-»
^-'""^''"^
pened to l)reai< in any place, ic was lb on gooil grounds be laid to be fome
artificially mendeil, that the eye
lliarijclt procelFion for facrifice, for we know,
can tiane lind out the joint ; and hence ic and particul-irly from Herodotus, that
Imilt, is that thole who arc lefs underftanding, the antient Perjians ador'd the fire \ and
,lc5 :it think tiu)(e ihirs are cither made of one that the kings carry'd it along with
, .ind rtone, which would be impoffible, or clfc them in a llately chariot when they
ing lo cut out of the rock. Befides, both the went to war and perhaps thofe
•,
I laid
(flure. flairs and walks, are of a fort of black were otferings, are caikets of perfumes,
, pro- marble, fo hard, that it has withftood which the ingenious carver feigns are
y ap. the of time for fo many ages,
injuries carry'd before it to burn now and then.
)uring and preferves the memory of fo wonder- On the other fide are carv'd wild beafts
nc.irful and rare a work. fighting,and among them a lion and a
I of ic i'Vom the fquare landing place, where bull are done to the utmoft perfedion,
The the two Itair-cafcs end, you go into a por- their ficrccnefs being fo lively reprclcnt-
y, arc tico of white marble, twenty foot wide. ed, that it leems to make nature it felt
ind in The architrave is now fallen j but by blulli and this the more, becaufe the
i
and in the pillars ftill ftanding, it appears to hardneis of the ftone has prcferv'd the
have been built with iuch art and ma- moft curious workmanfliip.
lerc isAnin- llcry, that it will be hard to find the At the top of this fecond ftair-cafe
fpaccfcfirt'^"' remains of any Rnman ftruclure to is a fquare plicc, encompafs'd with co-
laJ, in compare with it. On it are carv'd in lumns, whereof only leventeen are now
ow no bafs-relievc two beads, as big as ele- ftanding, tho' by the pedeftals it ap-
d tliat phants, holding out their heads, as if pears there were an hundred ; and fome
a
neither tiiey lookM the afbrefiid flair-cafes.
at of thofe left want the capitals. But
k, not Tliey are either fome odd fancy of the they are fluted, and of one entire piece
',es the workmen, or die fome Hicroglyphick of white and red marble, fome fixty,
ily tri- of the anticnts to exprefs the empires others feventy foot high, and twelve of
plac'd, of the Mcdes and PerJ'ians, the bodies them as thick about as thofe before men-
perhaps being like horfes, the feet and tails tion'd. But that row towards the plain,
d fome of oxen, long, and turning up like a and the two towards the mountain, are
jpinion lion's. more ordinary than the others. They
,he an- Twenty fpans further upon the fime fliy fupported the temple of the
thefe
jHS of line, two fluted
are columns with their fun, and not without fome fhow of rca-
le made capitals and bales, of a whitiHi ftone, fon, but nothing can be aflerted becaufe
[it prc- but fomewhat inclining to red. Their of the ignorance of the Perfians, as to
ntiqui- height belides capitals and bafes is about their antiquities.
ncat of feventy foot, and fo thick, that three On the fime floor, clofe by the faid
men can liarce fithom tiiem, every one columns, is a place fifty foot fquare, en-
[lace i"5 of them having forty flutes, each three clos'd with walls fix or feven foot thick ;
|in the inches over. At a like diftance ftrcight where formerly there were many rooms,
1
north forward there are two other pilafters, of a much finer marble than that hither-
xafcon. neatly carv'd like the firft, only with to defcrib'd, and fo wonderfully carv'd,
has the this difiêrence, that the beafts carv'd on that mufi have fpent many days to
I
lifterof the latter have wings and men's heads take a view of the figures, and whole
full
loth of looking towards the mountain. Over month: to dr.iw thtm. There are four ,1 !i
[), and each of thefe columns there are three doors into this place, excellently carv'd,
jnding.- infcripcions in the fame charader, ma- and adorn'd with the moft curious and
'., and I king in all twelve. beautiful foliage imaginable, and in fome T h
ads up Beyond this portal, or hall, for fuch places infcription. in the fame charafter
.ir-cale the order of the columns and pilafters ocfbre-mention'd. Only the walls of
and ic feem to make it, on the right fide is thefe chambers are now ftanding, being
is, on fuch another double leading
ftair-cafe, twenty four foot high, all the arches be-
|to tlie to the upper-chambers. It is narrower, ing gone to ruin, and the floor full of
:annot being but twenty five foot broad, and the ftones fallen down, and of excel-
nagni- fhorter than the firft, but incomparably lent carv'd marble that adorn'd it in fome
|lth, ic more beautiful and ftately ; for on its places. The windows look'd into the
[)t tl»c walls and parapets there is fomething court, or upon the firft floor , and there
ly five carv'd in bafs-relieve, like a triumph, are feveral at fmall diftances three foot
trical confiding of a great train of people in fe- wide, fix foot high, and three foot from
tiiirty veral parcels, finely clad, carrying fome the ground.
[ortio- banners, and others gifts to offer. At laft Which way foever a man turns his
nablc comes a chariot drawn by ieveral horfes, eye on this fecond floor, left ftanding
Vo/.. IV. Tt in
ll .1
\62 yl Voyge rmmd the JVorU. "Rook II I Chap.

G^MiLLi in fpight of the malice of time, thrre . Before we proceed further, 't is to be thit
E/i !;iif^(
,'^9+' ap|>c.ir Icvcral lijjiire) tut in luls aiul obferv'd, that belides the rar.; iUli('ii
tun(
'-'^'^Jh.ilt-rclicvc. Particularly in a place Hi- and workmanlhip ol all thole tigurc* I
teen fpans li|uare, near the aforclaiil par- here fpoken of, they are very remarka- on
ed ol cdlumns, wiiicli apiicars to have ble for their variety of habits •, lor lijnue froM
()ecn in the nature ol a hall. I law .iicr) have long beards down to the walle, jjuri
*
)
carvM fighting with lions, or hoUlin and the hair on the otiicr Iide lb fliort, in V.
unicorns by the hern ^

or clfe llooi] i it fcarcc touches the neck ; others have three
with knives in tluir haiuls like the an- a flat round cap on their heads, ami toml
ticnt Roman Gl.ulialon, ready to kill their g;»rmcnts ilown to their heels, wide, witlu
the wild bealls they hi Kl in their llrong lull of gathers, julf like the gowns ol A
and brawny anus. In other pKu es there the lenators of and with fuch
/^cmic, Iburl
were princes, as it were in triumph, at- wide lleeves that hang ilown to
they tho!
by a numerous On two their knees, and on their tcet they have
w t.
tentkcl
oppofite (Ides were two I'guies (I giants
train.
fomething like wooden landals, on logs.
the
to iu(
on each i in other places princes litcing Other figures dill'er from thef.' only in 'II
giving audience to ambalVadors, or elli; the eyes, which they have fomewhal work
moving under large umbrelloes. higlier over the forehead. Others have ri forty
On the Ibuth iide wall Icit Handing., fliorter h.iir and beards, and taller Am. Aloiia
which is rlie highell part ol that llooi, There are alio (ervants canying poles but r\
befides ll'veral Itones lying about the with horfe-tails fillned to them to drive there
ground, there are llijl to be feen princes away the Hies. But the moll rem.irka- name,
carryM in chairs, with courtiers by, flia- blc thing of .dl ii, that among lb ma- l;fll wi
U (ling them with umbrelloes.

other llatucs with velVels
and men leading creatures
wiiich dnibtlels exprels
There arc
in
Tome procellion
their hands,
like rams,
'ly liMndieil figures as are in that great
ftrufture, there is not one of a woman
and next, the hardncfs and brii^htnefs of
the marble, which Hands as if it were
BMjraa
Itx. (ii"i(;
V. Ptrjtp.
fome
for fa
by
tl(7<;
/',;
(
tr
for facrifice. Not far olV on a pilallcr newly finiHi'd, without rlie leall decay, its nai
of the lame black marble, is an inllrip- and yet what is meerly a miracle in Othc
lion in the fime character, and another nature, it has continuM three tlioufand ruins c
on fuch .mother rtonc •, which I obfer- years, for wc cannot allow it lefs anti- floras,
vinL;, and remembring ihol'e I h.ul fecH quity than that of tlie ////);-m« monarchy, ran intc
before, began to conlidcr with my lelf, or at leall of the Mfdian ; tho' fomC yx,:-,/,- have it
how eafily I.umane judgment is milla- think thofe habits much anticnter, but L'-.:ii:t z.
not fay
kcn, and how dilVercnt things happen to without any good ground.
m^'' what man propofes to himllll lor where- •, Afceiuliiig a iniisket-lhot towards tin;
the
opinion
a:it
as the author thought by means of thole mountain there is a front thirty foot will lol
infcriptions to have eternizM his memo- fquare, cut in the rock itlelf, with fity. \n
ry with pofterity, which the beauty of gures of white marble fee in it, but flat- and i.\f|
the work well deferv'd, yet quite the con- ter than tholt: alreatly meniion'd. On on then
trary we fee is fdlen out. the upper-part is a man Handing, with nels, ha
In the and exadly in the
inner-part, a bow in his hand, looking on an idol Ml.:;-' :.;.
face, I
midfl of is the amphithea-

the palace, that has a human body, and monllrous d .'.
V'U- Horians
ter for the fhows of wild bealts, and feet, carry'd in triumph. By him is a f. '7' Tom. der bcir
2 172.
other fports, as plainly appears, if I am tire burning of a trough, and
in a fort
p.
n'wj's p^
not miftaken, by the figures cut in half- a globe carv'd under it are men fup-
; i.-.f. I ;,
his cone
relieve in feveral parts which arc of it, porting this mafs with their heads and y.'.:"'-. Jc venge ti
(/.
of men fighting with wild beafls with hands lilted up, and below that Icvcral '.V,.
try, by
r I'.r,-
knives in their hands, and others wrefl- creatures. All thefe figures of men have commit;
iing with lions. There are alfo princes ihort hair ami long beards and wear •, the woi
fitting with truncheons in their hands, a fort of caps they call Caucb, like thole natives [
or walking under umbrelloes. Other the Tttrks wear, but without any border Cm. /)/. None
figures have velfels in their hands, others like theturbant. Under this frontif- ftately
Mirrri.
fpears, and fomc play on fuch a pipe as piece there is a low arch cut, creeping :
doubt o
I'.rji
the god Pan is painted with, connffing into which on all four, I found two ;..Vr. ficencc <
of feven reeds, orderly joyn'd together. tombs cut out of the very rock, and holy w
It is pofTible all thefe figures might be cover'd with two Hones feven fp.iiis long, us only
placed there barely for ornament, but and three in breadth but they were -, and Bjb
the fituation and nature of the place, full of water which drops from the arch. there in
incline me to believe it ferv'd for Inows, Here the royal treafure is luppos'd to /».•«. befides 1
as was fiid before. This ftiudure is not be bury'd ; tho' tliat particular grot, ''.-' lalling I
above fifty paces of mine fquare, and or cave, the Parvanfedar fpoke of, was' > '
Perjcpol.
ftands on the eafl fide, as do all thofc made by order of the Cbam of the pro- have be
hitherto Uefcrib'd. vince, on account of the people tiiat went and unl
thi-
ôoK II 1 Chap. IX. 0/ P ER S I A. 163
thither continually to dig to try their for- that they couK! not give that account Oimplli
tunc. which the frequent reliiit of (Irangers "^M-
'"^"^'"^
Two muskets.fliot further fouthward, has lince communicated to the learned.
on tlie lame and rock, is another
line A good inftance hereof we have in the
froiuiliiiece liki; the Kill, with fuch fi- city Memphis, which was not inferior ci-
gures, and Huh an arch under it, with- ther to Ntmv,- or fiahylon, either for an-
in which, and inllcad ot one there are tiquityor its fame throughout the world,
three lc|)arati()ns, with each of them a by realon of the long and never inter-
tomb cover'il with tiie lame Hone, but rupted race of its kinj^s and yet what •,
without anv water in ihvm. great account do antient hiltori.ins make

An hundred paces without the palace of it? and were it not that Europeans
fouthward, is a column (landing, like now often travel into Egypt, anil relate
tiiolL" hctbre-mcntioncd, whole bale is wonilers of tholt.* vaft pyramids, whidi af-
tiie rock itli'lt but it is no tafy matter
•, ter all are only mighty he ipso! Ilone, and
to judge what was the uli: of it. rather fliow the power and weahh than
'I'he Pcr/iiiiii call all this wonilerful the ingenuity ot the founders, who would
work hitlierto delcrib'd Celmnnar, or the conceive fo great an idea of them, as
forty pillars, and
for Cel liniHes forty, now generally we do? Now were Pcr-AmhfiJe
.'
and tho' there are now Jia as much fretpiented by Europeans, 's
'''"' I '1
Aloiuir A pillar 1
'''' •'''
but twenty Ihinding, i: is to be fuppos'd how would the remains of this truly i"''''"''"
there were forty when they gave it the roy;il palace be extoll'tl, where art feems
t,''^p''y'^''p.
name, and that lince then they either to luve done

its utmolt to furpafs na- 160.
fell with age, or were carry'd away for ture, in of the carving j
the delicacy
fome other llrudhire. Some looking back and nature furnindng a proper mat-
in
Itx. G;f for fabulous originals, liiy this w.is built ter for furh noble work ? for my part
r- Pcrj'fp.
by Perfftti the fon of JupitiT anti Da- I am opinion it ou<»ht not only to he Lx Gag.
«.7 , from whom the Peffuni nation took reckoned as one of the feven wonders of*"'- ^"•
its name. the world, lb much talk'd of by t\^cT.T''""
Others arc of opinion, thcfe are the antients * but that there neither is, nor "'
ruins of a famous temple built by /Iha- ever was a wonder in the world to com-
fiiiTits, at tiie foot of a mountain which pare to it.
T'ftvnit ran into the antient Pi'ijcj'olis ; others will There is no qucflion to be made, buc
V u-i have it to be Diiii;n\ p.dace, but can-

.ic that the antient Pvrfipolis Hood in thi-j
Lf.'Ml 2. not lay which of them, by realon of place, confidering the fertility of the*
r • 3- r the antiquity of the tradition-, an their 1 firuition, and the nearnefs of the river
opinion being the moll probable, we Araxes, mnv aWW Bt'ndamir, near which
will Ibliow it with the fame un'ertain- the antients plac'd it. Befides, the au-
ith fity. In fliort, obferving t.'.efe marble thors that write of it fliy, that four hun-
ut flac- and jafper-ftones, with the figns of fire ilred paces from it, in a mountain call'd
I. o» on them, which by realon o\ the hartl- M'Utnl Royal, the fepulcliers ot their
f\
wicii nels, li.is only fpoilM the beauty of tiie kings arc cut out of the rock, which it
in idol face, I cali'il to mind what antient hi- is plain mull be underflooil of rhe tombs
nllrous i;. i'tii- (lorians have hit written, that Alesan- I have already defcrib'd, which are cue
Tom. iLr being once drunk, let fire to Da-
|im isa t'ff. in tiic folid rock on the call fide 1 and
2 p. 172.
h, and ritis'i palace, at the inlligation of Thtjis therefore when they fpcak of the palace Figunca
n fup- i.uri. 1.
his concubine, who thus thought to re- burnt by /ilexaniler the Great, at the ""'»« f '
5
[cIs and venge the burning of Aihois, her coun- overthrow of the Perjian empire, antl of '*"'•
Icvcral I
try, by Xerxei and Darius. Alexander the citadel of Perfepolis, they mult needs
n have committed this folly about the year of mean this place. It is a gre.'it mistbrtime
III wear the world ,^724, but the unexcufabic that the noble remains of antiquity ia
Ic thofc natives have lone it feveral times fince. J/ta, fliould be among fuch barbarous
Iboriier C.,„. D. None tlu iive feen fuch beautiful and nations, as endeavour utterly to ilefiroy
ihin. de
"rontif- (lately rema. of venerable age, will them ; that ftrangers may want that oc- I'll
Mircri.
|ceping doubt of the great antiquity and magni- cafion of reforting thither. There would
two ficence of the cit;, of Perft'polis ; for tho' be no need of fo many conjedUues, could
and holy writ and piophane hiftories give the unknown characters in feveral places
long, us only an account of the antient Mv/'w of the palace be read. All the learned
were: and Babylon, yet it is not to be fuppos'd that thought they could have explain'd
ardi. there may not be others more antient ; them, have been difippoiiited ; nor could i i
10 befides that the precious and almollever- any man yet be found that could
ii,'d Ir:!': ke '
grot, ;/> lafting relicks of Celmonar and the city the lead of them. I do not at <•.' ad-
was' 5
'
PerJi:poHs are lb far in the call, that they mire this i and I am opinion, thai .hen >
pro- have been little frequented by Europeans, the Perfian empire was rransfer'd to other
|t wenc and uaknown to antient hiflorians, fo nations, the new kings, that: the na-
thi- tives
I
m
£*?'' t-'
I
1^4 ^ Voyage round the World. Book II
i!
>0K 11.
Chap. IX. 0/ P ER S I A. 1
6^
LicK
de- Mounting a liorfcback, I return'ii to we not only want the power of
dill fil-Gi,Mti.Li
'*'''+
itis-
Mirxafcou. By the way on the lake I ling our bellies at his table, but for tlie
are kill'd a ftrange bird, only a all white, moll part, the ill relifh of his diet was'-'''^''^
little rcddidi under the wings it has -, very ungrateful to our palate. The fowl
na-
raw long legs and feet like a goole the •, that were left at noon were drefs'd again
ni a beak long and flentierer at the top than at night and if they were not eaten by
;
bottom, the Portiigiiefe call it Flamoigo reafon of their ungrateful favour, what
ader
lave or Fleming. was taken away roaifeti, ap[)ear'd the
bmc Ihurfdtiy the i6tli, at night, I lay in next day boii'd and thus tlie good fa-
:
the liimc caravanftra, and Friday the 17th, ther, who was a great PcripaUiick, en-
may
ha- betimes go' a horfeback tor Sciras. By deavour'd, by the means of fire, to re-
the way I met three robbers taken by duce the not-eatable fubflance into the
two
the Cham of Sciras's foldicrs at Mirxaf- form of flraw, from that of a carkas ;
fcrip-
con, for having robb'il and murdcr'd fc- and it was ftill worle, if a fifh-day did
oor -.
unate
vcral travellers on the road. They were not follow. To compleit tlie entertain-
led with a triangular yoke about their ment, he gave us to drink a fort of li-
may
necks, like that we put upon fwine -, quor, which it would have been equally
wiiich put me in mind of that the Ro- fdfe to call either wine, or vinegar. In
7/1(1115 laid on their flavcs tiiat had com- other rcfpeds he had the reputation of
mitted a which made the poets
fuilt, a good religious man, and of an exem-
call them Furciferi. Every one had his plary life but bccaufe of his e.vceHivc
;
right hand made fad with a crooked pailimony, he was never thought lit by
Haft' to the thick part of tiie fiid yoke, his fuperiors to govern formal monalle-
fo that there was no getting it kiofe. rics, left the religious flioulJ ftarvc un-
A little further on, I faw an engine to iler him. To conclude, he cxercii'd his
draw up water into the gardens, quite zeal for ablfincnce in the Hoj'riiiKm, up-
dirt'ercnt from ours for wiicreas in ours
-, on a ])oor PfiUjh religious man, his com-
a horfe or mule goes rounti, there, an panion, li vcnty yeais of age, makirg
ox drew a rope out-right. him fdl Icverely at thole years ; but fa-
ik-torcconclude this chapter, 1 mull
I ther Ainadi-ns knew his civility would not
fpeak of father Am.uku<. WhiHl we pafs unrewarded with us ; and to fiy the
iiay'd at Sdrm. he would not permit us truth, he hait a toman, that is, nineteen
to be at any expence, lell it Hiould be crowns of father Fr.iih-is, for live hungry
a breach of the laws of hofpicality ; but days we di! pcnnancc at his table, anil
on the other hand he was fo frugal, that yet he would not, or couKl not govern
Vol.. IV. his natural covetoufncls.
) M' '
T/je End of the Second BOOK. i
o^**.>
Uu jl Vojagi
./
ii'K:
.t .'r
.
i xm
:M'';;i
IGhap.
y4
,:'''
Chap. I. i6y
J Voyage round the World by Dr. John

Francis Gemelli Careri. Part 11.
m
km
PERSIA.
BOOK IIL
CHAP. I.
'The /luthor continues bis Journey to Bander-Congo.
TH O' father Francis was indifpo-

ciiliir by rcifon of the ill
ll'il,
air o! Sciras, or foiiie other

ciule unknown, anJ not in a
ff^cdiicfday the 22(i, wc travell'd along a Gemelli
bafe ftony ro.ad, and going Uj an afcent
of twelve miles, came to the caravanfera '-^^"^
of Pdi77v!, after riding twenty miles in eight
'^'H-
I
1
conditiijn to travel ; yet to get away from hours. Thurjday the 23d, we travell'd
father ^liudileus. other bealh, and
he hir'ii twenty five miles in eight hours on a plain
on Saturdwj the iîth, having loaded our road to the caravanlera of AJftimayer^
Juggige, we began our journey about which is built with lime and flonc, a rare
an liour after ic was niglu, without any thing in Perfia. Fifteen miles further we .li^'
fujjpcr. came to another caravanfera, call'd of

We travellM all night, an.l \\\y\\ on Gbczi.
Stoiday the inth, at the vill.igL- orSrf(^/)««, Before wc fet out on Iriday the 24tli, a
which ligiiili's (r.irjner, thirty tniiv;s"froin D'^rniii tlvu (Iwi'lr in this caravanlera, put-
Sciras. I'lie cominon days journey was ling on a long fliirt, with a flieeps-fkin on
to B.ibagi, ten miles (liort of this, but we his back like a rochet, and another on
advanc'tl as far as Bagbioi, becaufe it was his head for a cap, came to make a ridicu-
our new CiarvaUar's town. lous fcrmon, for an alms of a kw Gazes.
Monday the 2 0t!i, father Francis relap- The ro.id we travell'd was amidft fic'lds
fing, a black woman was fent for to cup of rice, where I fiw the firff dates, and
iiim. The manner how flie ilid it being then barren to the caravanfera of Mokai;
very o.kl, I Ihill not omit to fct it down. in all twenty five miles, and eight hours
She pl.icM a glaf-- like the head of a lim- riding. Abundance of partridges came
beck on the patient's back, and moving tamely to the caravanfl^ra door, to feed
it up .nut down, liukM the air llrongly on the corn the inules dropt. At this
through the pipe, then fhe fcarify'd the place Ijcgins the ufe of ciltcrns, and con-
ilJli, and fucking again, drew the blood tinues to Congo, becaufe there are few
into tiie fame velVel. Other women in- brooks, and the rivers arc fair, as run-
Itead of a glafs, make ufe of a horn. ning through falt-pits. There are two ca-
I'ui-fdii) the ifl, we fet out an hour be-
-1 ravanfera's at AMak ; the new anil the
fore night, and travell'd as we had done old, which wants but little repair, and yet
the dav before, over a plain well flor'd the Mahometans neglect it, they are fo
with wild boars, and g.izclL-s, whereof I inclin'il to new flructures. It
told fifty in three miles riding. We loft Saturday the 25th, we fet out again Cf.ir;^
our way near the caravanfera, and were about noon, along a gooii road, and ri- iliy.
conduced to that of Miijifcri by a guiilc, ding thirty miles in ten hour , when wc
after travelling twenty miles in fevcn
hours, iho' the common road is twenty
crofs'd itvcral linall brooks,
the c\x.y Gc.noii. Tliis city looks
we came to
more like
'.m
five miles from the caravanfera ci[' Bnbaqi. ;i wooii, becaufe its houfes are fcatter'd
We met a Cialcr or exprefs, who befides among abundance of palm-tree^, whicli .jifij
the bells about his walie, to make him be yield a confulerable profit with their ilates,
kriown for a beall, wore long colour'd being the bell in Prrjia. It is feateil in a
leathers in his turbant ty'd one above .in- iandy plain, encompals'd with high moun-
Oilier like a crcll, or plume. wi;b and iho' lin.Ul, lub a J'iziir, witlj
j
*'''' mnile
,t *
: P.
•fc
I <;§ •^ /^0X2;? round the World Book Ilf.
much
Cemblli ^.I'ple jurifiliflion. The gardens art plea- ftra of Dedomba, neai a li-.tle vl lagc, I jt there
'694- fi;:, b?ing w\rer'cl by the neighbouring did not itay riu-rc, became 1': was not a liitins
'"'^^^*^ brooks, and have plenty of good fruit, or caravans days jûiney, or a :,la};-.il a. \ac .1'
of
oranges, giapCs, and melorotoons. The Perfians call it. Two niii..k. t-iiiot from tU|'()i
houfes are not aniifs, many of them being it along tiic fide 01 the mountain, appear-
with
of lime and llonc, which is rare in Pit/ui, ed the ruins of many dwellings, and tiic track-
wher? they are generally of mud. By the wall of a ruin'd fort, which kept the pafs IqiMn
way Iabundance of partridges, tho'fe
kill'd through the mountain.
plains abounding in two forts, of thtm ; A
Tew .miles eaftward of Heiiaru, is Mumt .j
the one like ours in Italy ; and the other the mountain Daray, all of black ltoin.,"f t'li.K.
about the bignefs of a quail, with tlie fea- from which dillils the precious and much
thers of the colour of a hawk's breafl. applauded baiHim, improperly rall'd
Sunday the 26th, we rcfted in a noble M,iimmy, whicii tho' at iirft liquid, be-
caravanlera, well built, near Genron. V\*k comes as hard is gum, fomewhat black-
41:dinner I found a roaftcd line of a gazelle ifli, and is good to knit broken bones,
very good meat, it being as tender as the apply 'd hot. Its effedts are wonderful
veal at Sorrento, in the kingdom of Na- for if a leg or an arm be broken, there
ples \ and of a very fragrant fcent, thofc needs only to place the bones right, and
creatures feeding on St."ôi«'s-wort, and anoint the part with the balfim made hot,
other f'veet herbs the fields in Perfia are and liquid, and then bind it ; and after
cover'd with. Tiiev have a head like a twenty four hours the leg or arm will be
fheep, with horns half a fpan long, and as well as it was at firfl. Thi-, mountain
the body and hair like a goat-, they live is guarded by the king's order, and the
on the moifntains, which being gen 'al- Viziers of Gearon, Sciras, and Lar, meet
ly bare of grafs, they come down iii I'ê once a year to take the halfam out of a
night to graze on the plain, as was ftid trough, into which it drjps and con-
in the firlt pdrt. geals, and fend it to die kin«.;. To pre-
A/o«A»)' the 27th, we proceeded on otir vent any fraud it is fent ivai'd up by
journey betimes -, and having fcarce tra- them becaufe ; this Mummy is v/ il- known,
vell'd five niles on the plain, began to and of great value in /Irabm irid Europe,
climb fteep mountains for twenty miles to and there are but forty ounjes gather'd
the caravan) :ra of Ciartalk. That day I in a year. Tiiere art other mountaini
law fuch mulrirudes of partridges, only in Perft.i thnr difl-ii balfam or Mum/ny,
of the European fort, Iccding uji tUc jjl.iin but none fo good .la this.
and road, that I believe I never beheld the Thurfday the hll of Stptemher, we fet
like. I did not go a ftep but I faw fwarms out late from Benaru, and had a bad
of them, and kill'd about twenty on the road, both plain, and U'.i hill and down,
ground, without any trouble ; and might all flony and riding thirty miles in
-,
have had many more, if I would, for eleven hours, we came to the village, and
they are not much frighted and only flv famous caravanfera of Belt. There were
''^'>'
J.
a little way, and alight again. I alio Rattars about tiic mid-way, to fecure the
abundance oi gazelles. Befides ? 1. >
road, but not fo infolent as thofe ofTiiu-
Pc-r/im
{•cil'aiit;
veral /'e'r/;^« peafant ,
who won jm •:
ris ; for if they have an abalTi given
cap of white felt, cut on the twt. o^|Jo- them they take it, and if not they are
fite fides. Thefe tho' poor, are well- net troublefome.
manner'd, fincere, honeft, and fimple ; Friday the ifl of OHober, titling twen-
tho' they love mony as well as the Turks, ty miles over barren mountains, in k\cn
they are not fo flilfe, and fuch enemies to hours, we ftop[Al at the caravanfera of
^ chriftians, nor fo haughty, being civil to

Franks, in faluting and vifitrng them.
Pacutel; leaving the village and caravan-
fera of DtuH, five miles fhort of it.
We fet out late on Tuejday the 28th, and Saturday the 2d, we travcll'd twenty
/,,r;,
riding twenty miles in feven hours, over miles in lijven hours over mountains
hills and plains, came to the caravanfera and craggy rocks, and then arriv'd at
of Maufer, clofe to which was an excellent Lar, the metropolis of the kingdom of
orchard of palm-trees full of dates, as that name. This city is featcd in a.
alfo of orange and limon-trees, but not plain bcfet with mountains, and at a
well look'd after. The caravanfera's con- diliance, looks more like a village, it
tinue all this way to be well built, becaufe has fo many

trees, and particularly
of the conveniency of timber ; and fo palms about it. The houlis arc of
does the ufe of ciilcrns. Travelling twcn* mud walls, and built under a hill, oii
ty five miles in nine hours all along the the top whereof is a fort, where( f
plain, on tVednefti.y the 29th, we came fcarce the walls arc left (l.inding, and
to il e village of Bcnaru, Five miles lliorf fbme fmall towers af proper dilfances j
of diis place wc pafs'd by the caravan* {q that liio' k has no cannon, this tort
lUUt.ll
Of P ER S 1 A. 169 iiH.f
Ill, '
if •
^
niuch rclembles that of BmIu. In La; they nijdie cakes a'. 'Mr. a; 1 waf •, In Cfmelh '^
lili!!;:"!"*
from '^y+-
there is an excellent arch'd Biizrv\ con- this rara"anfera 1 receiv'd a letter
Ifpamm,^^
'"^
iilUng of four rows or walks in th" form the prior of the AuguJUnians at
of a crois, in the midlt wli'-rtof is a in which he gave me an account that the
cupola. Tiu-re is alio another good one new king had already began to break the
with (hops tor fevcral handicrafts and fevere law he hml made againll drinking
tradefinen, and near it is a fpacious of wine ; and that his fubjei-Hs leeing him
Iquarc or niarket-place, all endos'd with often drunk, made no dilHculty of fol-
The lowing his exampile.
aru, is Mourn, in
buildings.
much heat, they
city
make on
of
being fubjctt
the top
to J'he jirior inform'd
me, that among other extravagancies he .M
^^*^•i-':;
the houfe a work
chimney, with
like a had committed in his cups, le hail caus'd
id much liinic funnels fo contriv'd, that any little leveral Armenian bifliops, and priclls to
ratl'd wind gets in underneath, and fomewhat be cruelly balînado'd on the feet, till
lid, be- cools the room. they were lam'd, for not paying the
c black- The vi/.icr of Lar's jurifdidion is ve- yearly f-ibute in time, accortling to the
1 bones, ry large, extending as tar as Congo, wlii- number they rhemlLlvcs gave in upon
iderfiiT i
rl'er iê fends his deputy. I'hcy chat will the lafl perlecution of tin- c.uiiolicks.
n, there imbari; Lar have two ways to the

at In Ihort, he is the Ion of a good toper,
»ht, and lea, one by Bander-Congo, and the

ti e and not like to degenerate.
i.uie hot, other by Bander- Abdjli. Sunday the loth, wc rode over a rug-
ind after Sunday the ^d, we rode fifteen miles ged mountain, and at the end of twenty
1 will be in the ipace between two mountains, miles, and leven hours riding, Ic-t up in
nountnin and came in five hours to the caravan- the village and caravanl'era ot Kuxe'-f.
and the lera and illage of Nimba, Monday the i ith, adv.i a .ng ten miles,
ar, meet Monda\ the 4th, father Francis grow- we crofs'd a Imall the foot of
river at
|
out of a ing worfe, we were forced to flay in this a mountain ; and then rode along a road
ind con- pl.'.cc, to lend to Lar, for a Caggiaba, of lalt, which is matle of the lalc-wa-
like two chairs us'd in ter, and becomes lo hard, that it looks
To pfe- wliieh is a thing
d up by the L'Vant, on mule^ or camels to carry like a white Hone. I'hen we entred
] known, fick perlbns, or womer. Tuefuay rhe 5th among fomc hallows of high rocks, and
i Europe, tame the Calergi of the Caggiaba, but mount Bajj'ac, where the
particularly of
gather'd too late, fo that we did not let out till way was fo bad, and full of precipices,
tlie 6lh.
Jr(v///-CAty Ritiing over naked that we were fain to walk it. I need
lountaini
Mummy, mountains and valleys, we came in fe- lay no more, but that we fpent twelre
ven hours to the little caravanfera of hours in travelling ten miles over this
Knrmvt, twenty miles from Aimba there ; mount Balfae, and as much more on the
we bought a number of live partridges, plain, being torc'd to Hay to load the
down. ior about five pence a-piece. mules and alfes of our caravan that fell
Tburfdoy tlie 7th, we travell'd through now and then. At lall we came tir'd
a plain llrewM with many villages, for and weary, particularly tiither Francis,
tilteen miles ; and then proceeding fif- who, tho' lick, walk'd part of the way
teen miles further over a rugged moun- a-foot, to rhe caravanfera of Banicu, or
tain, lodg'd at the village and caravan- Ciarbuke, or according to others Sarcova,
lera (jf yliioc ; a gentle rain held us le- a wretched place as being teated among
vcral hours on the road. dreadful mountains, \.ithout any village
Friday the 8th, we travell'd twenty ne.ir or any perlbn to look t< it ; fo
miles in fevcn hours through a plain that we were torc'd to carry n mr pro-
country, and loJg'd at the village and vifions tor three days journi here be-
caravanfera of SLitogi, always advancing ing none to buy.
fouthward, as we had done ever fince we 'fuejday the 12th, wc travdl'd twenty
leftIfpaban. I'he fwallows in thefe parts miles in nine iiours over fcurvy moim-
are of an afli coloiu-. tains anil valleys, and lay in the field
twenty i;,
Sathrdi'v the '(th, alter nine miles rid- half a milefrom the taravanli-ra of Tar-
untains
ing over the plain, we had eighteen miles gu, knowing the cilfen^ there had no
rivM at
ioni of
among tuch ilreadful rugged mountains, water. We might have day'd half way
that in fonie places there were walls built at the caravanfera of Ilodundin, where
(I in a.
along the road, that the caravans might there was water, but then ilioiild rioC
i at .1
not tumble down head long. Our days have made a day:, iourney, iiid we hai
journey was nine hours, ami we came to not fo much time to lole.
iculariy
arc of
lodge at the village and caravanl'era of Thee road was no better on IVedne'l rf
Majtack ; ,dl tlu; way through a dry barren the ^th, for we climb'd the high ami
1
II, on
country, wliirli k'aree produces fome few "'gg';ed mountain ot Ci.mfa, .it the top
'htTcc.r
tl.Wes fgr the fullenance of the poor near whereof we tbinid chij sa inlifra of
:, and
tlie pLifos inhabited, and bailey, whereof Sa(!< jiewly builu *l'uu i - .i turthcr
ancfs V
lis tort
\uu IV. Xx Mi
m
'I'i
176 A Voyage round the World Book III. I Cii ap.
W Gbhfli.i
'694-
we began
and Bandrr-Coiigo.
to difcover tlie Peiftan gulph,
Then we went down
which he knew nothing
him giving up
of,
the gholt with his guts
till he fiw
T,
rcw.irJcJ
to tl
^''^"^'"^to the pl.iin along a Iteep dangerous out. He confels'd him, and the man tiir ,1 ImIc
"''~'
way, where they flicw'd me tevcral dy'd fix hours after. idioii.
had
licaps or hillocks ot earth tor dying, lliurjUfly the 14th, we fet out again
they
cfpecially and green. There were
red four hours before day, and reited at fif-
a ye.i
alio pieces oF both white, and red mar- teen miles end in the village of Burfiiu v
tiie 1
ble, almoli: calcin'd by the fun, which at night I felt as much heat as is ufual in
to jo
they make ulc of inftead of Bole-Anno- Italy in the dog-days. To this village retiur
mack, and it anfwers. Two miles fur- came to meet father Fiamis, jfofi/b Pc-
he k<
ther we came to the caravanfera of Ci- reira d' Azcvctlo, comptroler of tlit king
them
nmpa. Here we found an Aiiguftinian of Po>tiig{jr^ revenue, the factor, and (i;-
betr.i'
father, vicar of Congo, who gave us our cretary, with many lervants a horfeback.
ry'd
flipper tlut night. At table ladmii'd We went with them to Baiidcr-Congn,
Ifpah.
an old Armenian, feventy years of age, feven miler dillant, and din'd together
laid
who after filling his belly with feveral in the moiiaftery of the Aiigiijlut'tans,
//////;
forts of meat, eat a great pyramid of where we took up our lodging. The
other.'
Piliiii, which made him as tight as a Ciarvallar would have eight Gazes, or
crcdil
drum. I thought it would hive made Casbeys, for every Mano of Tuitris,
Jian
him fick ; but he had fo good a dige- which i^ fix pounds UpaniJJj in weight.
pollel
ftion, that at midnight he began again Every man great or finall was com-
keep
to cat biiket. He came as a phyfician puted at thirty three Alanoî, or one
flore
to cure fuller Friiiicis, but I would not huniired and ninty eight pounds weight.
to be t
have truited him to cure my mule. The So that 1 paid for my hoile from Sci-
for the
(ame father told me, that a fervant of ras to BanMr-Covgo thirteen abafTis ;
Kith I
.1..., three years fince, being iroubleii my lervant carrying my baggage on
the i:vi
with the gripes, this phyfician burn'd his .Tiule.
Ban.
his veiy entrails with a red hot fhovel,
of latli
on the
CHAP. II. part ci!
wards
Of the great Advantage the King of Portugal made of Bander-Congo, and govern'
the Extraordinary Trade of that Fort. t'izier
When
both as
Po-,vtr King of Portaged keeps uie punifhment at all, ,any more than if they
THI",
. .
the roil;i- the cull

atn:cnu-,iti()ii'd officers at Buraler- had been taken with a woman of their
and Bah
B.inMr-
Congo, to receive the tribute of five hor- own religion. For this reafon *he Por-
tomans
fes, and one tliouland one hundred to- tuguefe are better look'd upon at Ban- mir'd,
mans a year, w!ii'..h is aiiout twenty thou- der-Congo, than any other nation, and much tl
land crov^ns, paid him by the king of have almoli as abfolute a command, as
nually n
Perjia, by agreement made between the if they were in Goa, not vjniy over their
Bajpjra,
two crowns, when in the reign of king own fubjeds, but all chriftians who pais ioaden v
Philip t\v- Jiird, of Spain, the Perftam that way.
dance ol
^4 having taken Ormuz, the Portttgnefe whh At firft they receiv'd half
the duties The; tarry tl
their fleet ohlfrucfed iLc navigation of of the cuflom-houle, bet afterwards Ibme'''"'
Perjia.
"'
the gulph of Perjia, to the great decreafe contelk arifing, between tiie Scibar.dar, or"'
habited
of th.it king's cufioms. Befitles half the Perjian cuffomer, and Portuguefc com-
inch in
cuftom^, and the five horfes, the Portu- miliioner, t.hey agreed by means of the
Cent, pel
guef' had very confidera^le privileges admiral of their fleet for eleven thou-
fend to
(^ranted them i as of keeping a houle find tomans a year. The fador is to l'-.)N in But tl
Wirh the ftandard erected on it, and hav- receive this money, and lay out pan '•'
i-'^V^- taken al
iu.yT trie juri' i'dion over all the chriffians of it by order from the commiirioner,
about tl
that cimie r, o the nort ; but the molt which he gives in writing, and is fign'd
bell in
remarkable ot all are, that no chriftian by the fecretary.Tiie commifTioner alio
very chi
can tu' MabwhiiHi'n in Congo ; anti what
, gives palfes to Mahometans to fiil th.e /«-
men, to
is yet more conluterabie, that tlio' a dian lea in fatety ; and lelis the prizes ta-
when tlv
Pmtupir''.-, or other .hrillian be taken ken by Portiigueje fliips. The king al- by putt
in cariai copulation with a Mahometan lows each of theie oflicers fifty tomans
full of
^voman. lie fli.ill not be fubjed to the falary, five fervants paid, and their dwel- fure the;
^ruel I...' of fulVering deaili, or turn- ling-houfe. Bclides twenty eight toman-; that arc
ing Mah^."f'tan. as is inviol.ibly pradtis'd to the faftor tor lo.liiing ot (Iran^crs ; not, and
hf all tliu princes of this left in their but he that was there in my time, being :\i\- ill r
dominion* nor ari; ihey liable to any Very flurp, put moil of it jjijliis jiorkei.
I •.'.•.•.'•; w
'lite
30 K III. Chap. 11. 0/ P ER S I A. 171
f'i-j* -llic C'/j''/'. ^01' lending tiieir Ihips very lead of them, in fuch manner thatCEMEni
I
rtu.iiJcJ
to the king of Prrjia to conquer Or- the eye can Icarce dilccrn the hole, which '''M-
li,r ,1 b.il'c
wiiiLli tlic Dulih refus'd to do, the bed artilt in Europe cannot do. '-•^.'Ô
7i::tz,
had iialf ti.c ciillonis ot" Comcron, which The manner of buying the pearls a- ^^''.y '^''
they alio exching'd for loSo tomans mong thofe infidels, is alio very ftrange. "'•|'|'''^
a year. Trii'.' it is, Scia-ylbits promis'd They (land all round with the goods
the Eiiglifi great matters to induce tliem they have to fell in the middle ; when
to join tiicir lea to his land-forces tor every one has view'd, and confider'd
reducing the fortrefs of Ormuz \ but them, the feller covers his hand with a
he kept not word, and only gave
his cloth, and touches the hands of the
them iialt' the culloms, as atorefaid, for buyers, putting a price upon his commo-
Scia-Aba\ car- dity by ligns; it he grafps all his hand,
betraying chriflianity.
ry'd away the cannon of the fort to it lignifies 1000 v if he only touches the ^W
I'!'' f
Ifpalhui^ and they are to be feen, as was palm of his hand 500 ; a finger 100 ;
it
iaid above, before the palace, with the if only the firll joint of the finger 10.
Aujlvian arms on flicm ; as is on fome The buyer anfwers what he bids by the
otlieis of iron a. BamUr Conip. Some fame figns ; lb that none of tiie company
i'r-v
credible jierfons ;oki me. That the Per- can know what is offer'd. If he agrees
Jiaia fearing th' Parlugiie/e fhould again not with the firfl, he goes on to the next,
pollels thcmfclv .s of that kingdom, ftill and fo on i and if asking too high a price,
keep the;v " and ammunition, to rc- he comes to agree with none i he begins
(lore them wi.v.. this lliall happen, left again lowering, till they come to a con- !!! m^
to be oblig'd to p.i/ an extravagant price clufion. After this, the broker joyning
for them. Note, This cht's not well agree the buyers and fellers hands, gives a flroke
liilb Kb, It u;its fiiid jujt brfore, that all on them with his open hand, and thac !
i*
the i:vnioii iCiis Ciirry'il azvay. binds the bargain, as if it had been made
Baiiikr-CoKgo is I'cated in 26 degrees by word of mouth.
of latitude, it a mcer open village
is The profit made by the pearls, is fuf- F.vccdivc
f..!.
on the fca-fhorc, the houfes for the moll ficicntly countcrvail'ii by the inconve ''"'•
p.ut of mud walls ; and only a few to- niency of living in this place. The air
wards the fea, of lime and ftone. It is is not only unhealthy, but fb hot in
and govei nVl by a Dtroga, appointed by the fummer, that it is not only difficult for
/';-;(/• of Lar, to whom he is fulajedt. men to endure the violence of it ; but
When I was liicre, the Sdbnndar aifted even the partridges, and other birds,
both as cuHomer and Deioga. He farm'd hide themfelvcs in trees, to get fome
the culloms of Bander-Congo, Comcron, fhelter. The mean fort go quite na-
their and Bander- ErriiO, of the king at 20000 ked, only covering thofe parts modefly
Poi- tom.ms a year. This is not to be ad- will not allow to be ke.n ; thofe that
Ban- mir'd, for Bander-Congo is a place of are well to pafs, wear an extraordinary
and much trade ; abundance of fliips conti- thin filk and both thefe and the others
-,
ind, as nually reforting thither from India, Mecca, have that kind of contrivance, we men-
their Bajfjra, Arabia Ftvlix, and other parts, tion'd, Ipeaking of the city Lar, on
pafs luadeu with rich commidities ; and abun- the tops of their houfes, to cool them.
cl.uice of caravans coming by lanti, which Yet I was told the IvMt was greater at
duties Tlicr c.irry th(.' commodities into, and out of Bander- AbaJ/i and Cameron, feated in 92
lome'''^'
'
J'cr/ia. This is the reafon the place is in- degrees, 45 minutes of longitude, and
_ot i;.
liar, or*^ habited by very rich merchants, become 25 degrees :jo minutes of latitude ; and
com- liich in a fliort time, becaufe they get that the air there is flill worfe, by rea-
of the Cent, per Cent, in every commodity they fon of the fbuth-winiis blowing off the
thou- lend to India. fea ; tho' it does not rain there in win-
is to r-.:!' in But the grcateff trade is that of pearls ter above three or four times, and that vAbti
'•'- S'l'l'li
taken about the iflaml Baharen, and all at mofl does not lall above an hour:
about the guljih of Pcrfia, being the Neverthelels both at Bander-Congo, and Stnnr?
fignM bell in the worM. They arc bought Bander- AbaJ/i, a fort of worms, like W"fn".
L.T alio very clicap in the lump, of the fiflier- fmall fincws, or fiddle- firings, twenty
'.t.' Ill' men, to be fold afterwards dear, fingle, or thirty fpans long, breed in the mufdes
/.cs ta- when they have been pick'd, and match'd of the body, which mull be drawn out
ng al- by putting them through copper-pl.ttes by degrees, rolling them upon a flick ; iM
oman;; full of holes of fveral fizes, to mca- for if tlicy hapjjen to break, they caufe
dwcl- iiue the'r m;ignicuiie ; feparating thofe great fwellings till they come our again,
oiiians that arc true round, from thole th.it are and ibme perfons have had them :i
igcrs i noi. and the moll oriental from thole that whole year. Some think them to he
heiiig are ill colour'd, o^' fpotted. Then the bred bv the air, and water i buf they
i'i.-.'iv witii 'A-uutle.ful dexterity bo'C the arc niiflaketij tor iomi; llr^ngers have
been
;'
iia !,
,
tyj A Voyage round the World. Book III,
1 Chap.
hmtiii been tlicrr aconrulcr.ihlctimc, ;irnl ilranl: turc. Could give me no further account
r.rror of
,.,,. i''94-
the w.itcr, .mil yet !\,ivc li;nl iiohl- of of it.
the in-
t-<'^''Vtlicm ; wlienre it is r.ulir ro lie cnnclu- Cnitv.0 has no harbour, but only axi,. ,,„ llCllti.
cleil to procfcii troni ililpontion of

.i lafe roail ; that point of Anibiit l\vlix,
humouis, which are not which forms the Per/inn gulph, break- that
the botiy and
f.
pctlons alike by ontw.Trcl ing the fury of the eallern ocean. When never
alVedeil in .ill
the (l.iy is fair, the oppofite coall of caule

tilings.
Both in C')i"ii ami Coinrron, they iili" Zitlfiir is to lie I'een, the ililtanro being under
W.itcr.
tvatcr kept in cilh'rns, which nnill nccih but forty miles. A fort that defends thi^ nctrati
for tliofc few times rains, roalt is but thirty fpans )i|uare, furnilliM been
be iuirttiil ; it
with four iron guns, cafl by D. Co)ili,vi- Ihell,

tlie air is very foul, hy reafon of the
tin ilr Noronha, when he was the king of
biggc
exhalations the earth lemls forth, which
Wt.- mufV not omit Spiiin'n viceroy at Goa ; it is hemVl in by
fime
infect the water.
the lea only in the morning, the tide then the bis
here to take notKC, to the great glory
orifice,
of the divine providence, that in the ilbnd coming up. Tavcrnier is much miftaken,
when he lays, Tom. I. L. V. />. 766, That bottor
Tovibam.ir, twenty miles dilfant from the
even
continent of Pii-Juu and nine miles in there is not water for great fliips, .TnJ
being
compafs, there is not one drop of liefli that all the trade is at Cameron, for I have
water, and yet there are ahundinrc of letn Portiigurfi- velVels there of lixty and
gazelleu bealfs before defcrib'd, which, feventy guns, and other large ones be-
'.
iN^ longing to Afcibometaits : And I know
as I was told by creditable jx-rlons, when
they want to drink, go down to the further, th, t only the Diilcb and Ivig/ijh
blink of the f{:x, ami letting their clo- refort to Qmeron; whereas all other na-
ven foot exactly on the edge ot the wa- tions are \<illing to go to Congo, becaufc
ter, fuck it up that way. I cannot per- ot the liberty they enjoy under the Por-
Jwade my felf, that the water palFrng tiiguefi power and prote<ftion.
between the hoof, lliould lo foon lofe The inhabitants ;ire about 1 0000 Inlub;.
its laltnels do not deny it m.iy

; but I Moon, Indians, Ar/ibs, yi'ics, ami Jr-(m:,.
become Ids perceptible. Thole that had mcniiins, who enrich the Bazan with tlieir
been eye-witneUcs of this fecrct in na- well-furnilli'd fhops.
CHAP. III.
Of the rcari-l'ijhcr)\ and other remarkable things in Bander-Congo, and tbs

.. .
:.:F
Gulph of Perfia.
Pca:!
ai.crv
H .\ving given an account of the rich
of pe.irls, it is proper I
trade
Ihouid lay fomething of the manner and
and they with all pofTible fpecd draw him
up
the
which is feveral times repeated for
•,
fpacc of ten hours. The oyltcr'?

feafon of filhing for them. This iilhe- remain at the bottom with a rope ty'd
ry is in the -ûlph of Pcrfta and illand of to them, to be drawn up at leifure.
BalhVi'n, twice a year ; the firft time in Some of them hokl oyl in their mouths
March anti April, the fecomi in Aiigufl to Itay the lo.iger under water, and fee
and Si-ptembrr ; the greateft fde being better at tlie bottom by letting fall a
from Jtine till the latter end of December. drop now and then. After noon, ha-
It is done five leagues from the city, ving drawn up their oyfters, all the boats
where thf'c is between four and twelve go afhoar with a fair wind that comes
fathom water, abundance of boats fol- up from the lea. They take no care to
lowing it from morning till noon. E- open them, becaufe they gape of them-
very boat has a iliver who goes down fllves as they dry, no body caring for
to the bottom, with a Itone of fix pounds the lifli, which is ill rafted. The poorer
weight ty'd to his grât toe, and he fort fell the pearls immediately for a
ty'd under the arms with a rope falt- fmall matter ; but do not want,
tl.ofe that
ned to the head of the boat. He dives im- keep all till the filhing-fealon is over,
ttiediately to the bottom by the help of and then lell them ail together to Banian;
the Itone 'which as loon as down he and Moors. ThePj afterwards cull and
flips olf and is drawn up by thofe in the them
fell by Abas in PerJ'-a,
feverallv,
boat) and then, as fait as he can, he tills and by Rati: in fmhjltin, which is an
a net that has an iron-ring about tlic eighth part lels han our i:aract in Fti-
mouth to keep ic open, with oyfler';. ropr, confiding of iour grains. This
When he ran ftay no lunger for w.itit of /ifliery every ye.\t amounts to about
brc.ith, he makes a fu;n t.> his comp.i-
njoiiS wiUi die lopc t^'U under hiir^rms.
Till*
^"'^ W ^ Chap. III. 0/ P ER S I A. 173
count
X.Stat ot Tills niows that what the antients the country afl'ord;^. They op;ii thcl"> Mr.ii:
ihi; jn-
writ, is ablukitcly falli" 1 to wit, that the (hells with fire to eat the lifli, and by ''^"'+-
licntj. '-^^'"^
'(VIIX,
pearls art; bred in the (hells by the clew that means fpoil the beauty of the pearls.
ire.ik-
that falls from the sky ; and that there is The Spaniards alfo fifli from cape Cor-
never any more than one in a flicll ; be- rientes as far as Acapulco, but the pearls
kVlicii
caule they are fix'd at leall ten fathom are for the mofl part of a dusk lead co- [{
III ol
under vsater, whither no dew can pe- lour and ill-fliapM, fo that they will be
lieinp;
l.s this
netrate 1 and as tor the number there have little valu'd by the ingenious European
been feven or eiglit pearls found in one ladies but the Mexican women haVc
•,
nilliM
Iheil, tho' not all of a fize, but fome their necks, cars, and arms covcr'd
ing of
bigger, fome Id's. They are bred in the with them not regarding their bright-
fime nature as eggs in the belly of birds, nefs, fo they have them cheap, and the
in by
the biggell always advancing neareft the firings and bracelets of them be wegh-
e then
orifice, the Hiiall ones remaining at the I
I
lakcn, '
bottom to obtain their perfedlion ; and Oil of Peru and Panama,

tlie coafl I
I' hat
even fo it is with the pearls, the largeft there are large ones, fome having been V
i, and 1
being foremoll, and the ieffer (laying be- found bigger than that call'il la Pcrr- Via
I have
hind till they come to their full growth. grina, but they are not fo well colouiM
:y anil
Nor are there pearls in all of them, for as the oricntil ; but are all mifliajien,
cs bc-
fcveral oyfbers have none. black, and of a lead colour, by realun
know
There are pearls taken in feveral parts of the ill bottom where they breed, j.1
of our continent, but the mod valuable, fomeiimcs but one or two fathom
icr na-
that is, the faireft and brighteft: are thofe deep.
lecaufc
of the aforefaid ifland of Bahayen, and Formerly good pearls found
tht'rc svere
le Por- •i,!'
the coaft of Cntafa in Arnhia F/fIIx ; bein the illand Margarita, both large and
IV:I'! I
caufe few of tlu-m are yellow, or milha- well-colour'd ; but at prclent there are
lOOOOlnluK-
111 /!r- tmij.
pen. The yellownefs fom'-times proceeds few i befides the fiihcry is broke olT. A
from the meniiants, fometimeb leaving few are alfo taken at Santa-Ma'-la and
;h tlicir
the fhells fourteen or fifteen days to open in other illands, but of no value.
of themlelves i", that fome of them in
-, Having fiid enough concerning the Frefii "a.
this time lofing their water, rot, and
On
pearls, it is fit I fliould give the reader'" ""'"=
an account of other remarkable matters ''''
Ti
their infedion dillolours the pearl.
the other fide they leave them to open in thefe parts. In the firfl place it is
of themll'lvcs, becaufe (hould they do to be obferv'd, that all the water about 1 ^f if
')td tht
it by force, the pearl might \x damag'd Baharen being brarkifh, and ill taftcd -,
or broke. flrangers who

not usM to drink ir,
are
There are fome aifot»ken in Japan, as the natives are, there being no bet-
but neither tl'.at natiiin, nor the Chinefes ter to be had, not even on the conti-
valuing pearls, they do not follow the nent, caufe frefh water to be taken out
fifhery, or take care to fearch the finds of the bottom of the fea, a league from
where they lie for the moft part. There the ifland. Four men go out in a boat,
are very oriental ones found in the Phi- two whereof dive down into the fea,
lippine ifiands in fhallow water, and even with veTels clofe flopp'd at their girdles,
at the mouths of the rivers ; but the when ihey touch ground they unflop
natives are not covetous of pearls, nor their vclTels, which being fill'd with the .a
of the gold there is in the fame rivers ; water, that is fweet for two or three
but being addided to their cafe, think foot above the ground, they flop them
it wealth enough to have a difh of rice again, and making a fign with a rope,
boil'd thick, like a pudding, at noon, are drawn up by the other two in tiie
and another at night. Befides they lay, boat.
that fhould they feek after them, either Their way of building boats in Co«^« Strings
the or the alcalde would
parifh prieil isalfo fingular ; for inftead of iron nails, ''°"- -""i
°'"''
take them away, and the other would they ufc fome pins of rane, or bam
become their enemy, becaufe they had boa ; arid for the red diey join the
not wherewith to fatisfy them both. In boards together with packthread, and
thcfe iflantis the very fhells are brighter little lines made of ruflics. Inftead of ,i
than in other parts. anchors, they make ufe of a large (lone
A vaft number is taken all along the bor'd through and for oars, of a pole
-,
*oafl of California and more efpecially ; with a round board ty'd at the end
little
irom cape St. Lucar to Caho Blanco, or of it. Friday the 15th, I law feveral wa-
While Cape, by tiie Indians call'd Alca- termen at work abc>'Jt a ne'7 boat, like
t!o>. Thele wander about naked like brute fo many taylors.
(iftijjifii!
beads, without tilling or fowing, but Saturday i\\t i(ii\\, I paid the vifit TO
feeding on the ihiit, toots, anu cattle Jofe^h Poeira de Jz.iwk the Portugucfe
Till* Vol. IV.
yy com- i
'
I t
\% m
174 !>/ Voyage round tie World Book III,
f Ch ap.
IMII.I.I commifTioner. Sioi/lay tlic lytli, ni.ils
'^')4-
W.U very folciiinly lung in the cluircli of
o^^v
'^'^
'the /Ji<[itjlimaiii witli ihr g.itcs dikii, as
been Moiuh
if it in cliiilh'r\Joi
n
111 jlini.
1 0/ P E R S A. 175
m
'«^>»^ Hi. 1
Chap. IV.
Imiii.i
ing ollVndal at two rieli /habiivi mer- next iiif^ht tiicy went out of this world li'^n n 1
f ,! ; i!!ts,ni
inliiio chants, took the opportunity ol their with their bowels rent in pieces j the •'*'' "^'l. ,
bundar'i treachery iK-ing at the lame time

-^^ >J
. blAck, going to hii houle to villi him, to give
cap^ ot them coll'ce a( (.ording to cullom ; but in fome mealure punilhM by his own
liimcn, with [)owder poifon. It was not known what became
jH)ilbnM as they lay tlicrc,
ir long of Diamomh. On ot them drank it, ot the Urvant that prcpar'd the niur-
IK' \ A the other out ol good manners gave it ilcring potion ; but it was laid he had
I tlicir to the S:ib.inJ.ji\ unkle both of them •, caus'd him to be kill'd that he might
lull) re drank their deatli in the coliee i for the not ililcovcr the truth.
lie pen
ng run
iJ otluT
C H A I'. IV,
ir forc-
Of the 'Tree ami Pagod of the Banians, and other things the Author fiw ilnrin^
\c noli;
'is fay at Congo.
iff llicy
k quite
noli", ^"TÎIurf.ln the 21ft, I went with the than to that is good,
(iod ti)r love.
c
) they X of
tree
('•.ther' vicar to fee
the idolaters, or Baiiuim.
tlie Paôd anil
This
Night and morning they go down to
the Ihore, and having ador'd the lea,
s l-.urO'
t their tree is the ftrangetl that can be leen, throwing in fome rice to teed the tidi,
being fo large that a thouland perlons carry fome ot th.it water honv, to
Ilk I. ices
can be lliaded by it, fitting by a wall f[)rinkle the tace ami ear' ot all the fami-
II coukl
r w rifts. three Ipans high, built about it to that ly. I'he men wear a gold ring through
gr.i ve- purpole, but K]uare. 'I'iie greatell won- their iiofcs, but lefs tlian the womens.
z
nd two der is, that it has as many bodies as I'riday the mi, I din'd at the Porlu-
branches, Iveaule tl'cle when they arc gufj? commiffioners. Saturday the 231I,
ry loud,
:y wore grown to fuch a pitch, fink their head I went a fliooting with the father vicar,
on witlj into [he ground, and caft out new roots, and we kill'd Ibme partridges. Sunday
anil po- lluis liecomiiig ni w trunks, to keep up, 24th, the tealf ot our lady of the rofa-
.md make the tree ever yoijng, as well ry, which jiail been put oft' till then tor
as we
as increall" it continually. 'I'hc Indians want ot priefts, was celebrated in the
ml now
call it and the Poituguefc Graglia
iror.i, church ot the Ai gujlinians. Tlicre were
ith their
tiic leaf is like that of the plane-tree. chambers fir'd, vvith ringing of bells, and
was lb
Clofc by it was a fmall round temple or a concert of pipes, and drums beaten by
it more
I'iic Pj- Pagod, about twenty fpans in compats, Moors with little ivory fticks. Father
ilancers,
and behind it another lels, to receive Frauds lung mafs, and the vicar preac h'd.
\ to an-
the olVering ot butter, riie, and other In lliort it was perform'd among Mabo-
things. Oppolitc to the little door of ?nctans, with the lame lolemnity as is uili-
)ur her- An ir
the Hrft, a Ipan lifted from the ground, al in chriftendom. Monday the 25th, a
king c' -
was the image ot a woman callM /•':;- Moorijfj vefTel trom Suratlc, arriv'd at
-jaiii fitting, who they fay was moll free Bander-Congo. 1 hey fail o.i the Indian
Con-
of her beauty, having never refus'd to fea, at certain fix'd times ; that which is ' > ,
mcl my
fatisfy any man's tlcfire, prollituting proper to fail from Bandtr-AbaJ/i, and
town
her felt to two at the fame time. Her Bander-Congo, is from the middle oiOtlo-
Tea, to
head and feet were of filver, and the ber, till the end ot /Iprit. Two feveral
fmall body, but two fpans long, cover'd currents run along the ftreight between
by a
with a piece of filk trom the flioul- thcfe two ports, and meet at the poinc
high
ders down day being
to the feet. The of the ifland Kefcimi, within the bay,
ifs, and
a feftival, I faw feveral Banians make Tuefday 26tl), father Sanjiverino of Na-
ly to
three low bows to her, touching the pies, went away tor Gomron, about fome
(tand-
C.Tcnio- ground with their foreheads. 'I'heir aftairs of his order.
thrown
devotion towards her is fo great, that ffêdnefday chc 27th, wc rode out with _,\ r„rioui
pcr-
to this day they very carefully prcferve the f.;Jier vicar, to lije Mullab-IIamet'suzticn.
en ma-
her houfc at Din a fbrtrefs ot the Por- garden Alullah in the Arabian tongue,
;
ftill to
tuguefe. Befides the Bnkhinans their is a learned man. It was I'mall but curi*
metnnst
every morning colour the tore-
priclls, ous, and the bell about Congo. In it
S more
head and ears of this faiie deity, with there are abundance of European fig-trees,
three
a dye of an orange colour, matle of grajx^s, oranges, and many Indian plants,
moll
llindal, red earth, and covvs pits •, which by the Portiiguefe Pa/meiras, which
CA.\\\\
few of
they alio receive with great devotion bear the cocoa-nuts. There was alio ano-
iWeet-
(as catholicks do the extreme undion) ther tree call'd Badamas, which produces
welt
that tlie devil may know them ; it be- a fort of fruit like almonds, and grows a-
ing their cuftom to ficritice to him, boiit the gulph of Ferjia, as well as in /«•
ft rang;?
bccaufe he is wicked, for fear, fooncr dia.
{(\r be-
After
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^.<^
176 -^ /^<J)<i!g^ rott«^ the florid. Boor III.
Chap.
GtMPL!.' After mkl-night, all the idolaters both lurday the 6th, that I could not forbear
60+,
1
i^pn jnj women, went apart to walh at night having my bed carry'd up toi from
i'T^^lXi^ chenilelvcs
on the fea-fliore, the Bracb- the top of the houfe, to lie there after five
^Mlhing! >»'i"i preaching to the men, and their the country fafhion •, for at Congo and a- alfo
V wives to the women. It is perhaps fomc bout the gulph of Perfia, the natives oiP
fLifjerftitious cultom they obterve of walh- moft of the year, lie either in their court?, galfi
?ng every month, upon fuch a certain or on the tops of their houfes built like natio
day of the moon ; for before the wafti- thofe in Naples, commonly
call'd Aftrac- hoftil
ing there is a general faft, either as preci, that is, flatAll therr bed io
roofs. nuall
1:1 paratory to it, or becaiife they think only a corded bcd-fted, with a thin quilt the /
1-
to cicanfe themfclves of all their fms. under, and another over them.
^
A fjcliir Walking out of town on Thurfi'ay the Sunday the 7th, we had fomc of the
2Sth, I met a Qifre or Ethiopian, extra- country mufick in our church, which wai
vagantly clad like a Fachir, or ftrowler not altogether ungrateful to the car.
that is, with a cap on his head, ail fct Monday the 8th, I din'd with and was well
u* off with feathers at the top, and with fliells treated by Jofepb Pereira. Tuefday 9th,
about the border ; and a girdle with about a Moorijo woman came to our church to
two thouHind goats hoofs hanging to it, have the gofpc! of St. John read to her,
Ss and jingling filic fo many bells ; in this to cure her of a fever ; and they told me
if' riiiiculous habit, did he <valk lb gravely, they hnd krtown feveral perfbns cur'd by
that was pleafant to fee him.
it their faith, in that holy gofpel.
Siftinp
I went to the houfe of
Fridaf the 29th, fVednefday tlie lotli, we diverted our
01 l\'.\Th.
certain Baiirans, to fee how they match'd fclves on the fea. Tburfday the nth, an
the feveral fizes of pearls. They firft exprefs came from Ifpaban, and confirm'd
fhakc them through a fort of brafe cul- all vsras faid before, concerning the ptfr-
P-nders, much after the manner as we miffion to drink wine and that the
•,
new
make fmall fliot ; and then feveral king drank as hard as his father
had dottc,
ycvths pick the round from the rfliflia- Friday the 12th, I walk'd along the fea-
|)cn, and the clean from the foul. There fide with tl e father vicar, and cook no-
m is ô ptr Cent, profit, in carrying them
but to Siiratte ; and therefore tlie cu-

llom-houle is fo fharp, that they fearch
tice that there was great plenty of game.
Saturday the 13th, there arriv'd a great
(hip from Bajfara to load for the Indies.
time.
all that go thither to the foles of their Sunday the n 4th, mafs w.is folemnly fung
ihoocs, and thtir fecrec parts, to find in our church, many Mahometans refort-
pearls. And
yet for all this feveriry the ing to it, to fee our myflerious ceremo-
'.;*^r ;
ruftomcrs are often cheated by the mer- nies. Monday the 13th, a good enter-
y'i .
chants, who lay out fifty or one hundred tainment was given in the monaftery ; the
fhoufand crowns at Confo, in this noble fame on Tuefday the 1 6th at the commifli-
commodity and that without any lofs
-, oners, this being fome diverfion for be-
of time, by reafon of the great quantity ing detain'd in that place. fTednefday the
there is to fell, and their goodnefs. 1 had the fatisfadion to
7th, I fee a fine
Saturday the 30th late at night, the dance of Moorijb women, who intermi:tt:
n-
Porluguefe privately brought in a cow to it now a.: 1 then with finging in their
be kill'd and divided among them v be- language, as was faid before.
caulc the Deroga will by no- means futfer The Engli/h vefTel being ready <o fail,
:'!i>l*-»? 1
a creature fo highly honour'd by the father Francis and father Conflantine, who
(ienidf!, to be flaughter'd in publick, had agreed for their pafTage aboard, pre-
and they pay him confiderable fums of par'd for their voyage on Tburfday the
money from lime to time, on this ac- 1 8th, and Friday the 19th, and then on
count. And this is the reafon they gene- Sunday the 21 ft, went away to Bander^
rally eat very bad mutton, or goats flefli. Abajfi in order to fail thence to Suratte.
Sunday the laft of O£iober, mafs was This they did fbr fear of being made flaves
î-: very folemnly fung in our church ; there by the Moors of Mafcate, who were then
was a great refort of chriilians as there -, at war with the Porluguefe, and had io\ir-M<ii<ctt&
was on Monday the firft and Tuefday the teen men of war in that port. The caufe»" «:iji
;cl, of November. IVednefday the 3d, of this war was, becaufe the town olP"H''"
there was a plentiful entertainment at the Mafcate, having once belong'd to the
.':
iî/--; monaftery, all the Porluguefe officers of king of Portugal, the Arabs had revolt-
Congo dining there but I took more
•, ed from them forty fix years before this
pleafure a fliooting on Tburfday the 4th, time, ami chofen a fovereign of their own
with the faftor of Bajfara. call'd Imam, who did not only extend
Friday the 5th, an Englijh vefTel came his dominions up the country, to the
Hito the harbour to take in loading for great prejudice of the neighbouring prin-
Suratte, The heac was fo violent on Sn- ces i but alio along tlw gulph of Perfuv,
troni
itiniii
\ % f
)0K III.
Chap. IV. g/persia: 177
jrbear
up to from cape Ros-Algale to Catifa, being hand, the commlfnoner was pleas'd toGEMtm
after five hundred miles along the fhore. He give me fome diverfion at his houfe, '^94-
anda- alfo took from the Portuguefe the fort fending for three women dancers. Their
)p^^fiQ^
lativcs of Patti, near Mombas, and nx'd his re- vefls were all lac'd open before, and dancers;
:ourts. gal feat at Nazura. Ever fince thefe two with long clofe fleeves, ty'd under the
It like nations have been at war, and committed breafl with ribbands, after the country
Iftrat- hoflilities at fea ; both their fleets conti- fafhion, and bound about the wafte
bed is nually fceking one another to fight, tho* with a filver girdle ; under it they wore
n quilt the Portuguefe has always come off vidlo- long breeches, like thofe above de-
rious, with the total deftrudion of the o- fcrib'd. On their heads they had lit-
of the ther. They have fometimes treated about tle caps clos'd at top with a ribband
ich wa^ peace, but could never come to any con- and two clafps, from under which there
e c;ir. clufion J becaufe bcfidcs a yearly tribute, hung down behind a long filk veil, like
as well the crown of Portugal demands libtrty to a nuns. They had only glafs and fil-
build another fort near Majlate, to keep ver bracelet? about their wrifts, and
> 9th,
irch to a garrifon there attd faftory. others made faft above their elbows, at
CO her, Thus I was left alone, to the dilTatis- which hung two filk firings with tof-
old me faftion of father Francis, who cndeavourd fels of beaten filver. Their eye-lids
ir*dby to perfuade nie to continue rtiy voyage were dy'd black, tor ornament, and
to the Indies with him. I had refolv'd they had fevcral fpots of the fame co-
:d our to imbark aboard a Moorijh vefTel of lour, about their faces under the eye-
-,
[th, an Gibera, which was to land eight hbrfes, brows, on the chin, and note, and fome
nfirm'd receiv'd by way of tribute from the king on the cheeks like patches. Their hands
he ptfr- of Perjtit M Dainam. Several reafons and feet were colour'd with yellow, to
inducM me to go aboard this fhip ; the add as they thought to their beauty.
:he
d
the fea-
)ok no-
dottc.
new
firll becaufe it was ready, and the En-
glijh velTel not yet loaden } but was to

go to Bander- Majli to lade there, which
At their notes, which were bor'd, hung
rings with two pearls on each fide ;
and between the nottrils were bigger
m
could not be Hone without foitie lofs of gold rings which reach'd down to their
"
game.
time. The fecond, becaufe the Moors mouths. Their luir made into feveral
a great
Indies- were in peace with all nations, and the tretTes hung down their backs, except
Ay fung Englift) at war wicli the French, who two locks,which falling upon their
r refort- iay in wait to fall upon them about Su- cheeks, were ty'd under the chin, as it
:eremo- rattc, in which

muft have perhaps
cafe I were to bridle it. Abroad they co-
fled to fome place had no inclinatiort
I ver themfelves with a piece of ftutf of
enter-
y -, the to go to. The and lafV, becaufe
third feveral colours, and their faces with a
miffi- I knew the cuftom-houfe of Suralte to tranfparent veil. The Arabian women
Ifor be- be very fevere on account of pearls, as wear black mafks with little clafps pret- \M-^
''day the was faid before, and therefore I fhould tily order'd. The floor being cover'd
a fine
have met with much trouble. All thefe with carpets, they began their dance, itt
inconveniencies being avoided aboard the all three, and then two, to the mufick
ermi:tt:
their
Moorijh vclTel, I thought better to go of pipes, flutes, drums and four tabors.
in it for Damam, a city belonging to It would be tedious to give an account of
tlie Portuguefe. 1 fpoke to Jofepb Pe- of their feveral grave motions, and the
Ito fail,
reira to agree for mine and my man's winding of their bodies and arms, which
\c, who
pafTage (which according to the ufual they fometimes reach'd down to the
\\, prc-
iay the rate would have been a toman for me, ground. When they had all fung a
Ihen ora
and thirty abalTis for him) but he very while, the youngeft flood up, with fome rv i
Under- generoufly got it me for nothing fur- •, fmall about her arms, and
horfe-bells
'M J
ther defiring the matter of the vefTel to
If,
danc'd alone, clapping her hands on fe- .(
\uratte.
afford me all conveniency, which he veral parts of her body regularly to make
le (laves
then
willingly did, as Handing in need of the found more agreeable, cutting capers,
Ire
his frienddiip. Tho* I never defign'd and making flrange motions with her bo-
._ caufe"^' "'"> to be carry'd gratis, yet I thought fit dy to provoke lafcivioufnefs, and laugh-
Iwn olP""i--
to accept of the commifTioner's favours, ter. Then the fecond, perform'd the fame
but defigi'ing to make the mafler fome with a better grace \ and laftly flie danc'd
CO the
return for his civility. Sunday the 2ifl, with the fame adlions, and motions to
revolt-
Luis Mendoca, formerly the king of Por- the found of two great horfe-bells, like
Ire this
tugal's fadlor at Bajfora, went away for thofe our meflengers mules wear, which
|ir own
Gomron to overtake father Francis, and fhe jingl'd artificially enough.
;xtcnd
go witli him to the Indies. Monday the Whilft we were thus diverting our
CO the
2 2d, I fpent in fliooting, and kill'd fome felves with the commiflloner, a metTen-
prin-
partridges. Tuefday the 2 ^d,I prepar'd ger came from the Deroga, or gover-
'rfia\
troni
for my voyage, which being near at nor of the city, to defire in his name
Vol. IV. Zz he
178 yl Pôyage round the World, Book III, Chap.
biMELii he would do right to a Moor, who had being fummon'd by the commiflioner, the
•^+ fomc money due to him from a Perfian, do therefore make their appearance be- mei
V^'i^P^that was fervant to the faftor of Bajfora. fore him as punctually as they do before day
tyo< the This made me obfervc what refpedt was the Deroga. The French themfelves have as
,M f!it"'<r Psrtusiif/e. given to thu PorlMguefe, allowing them not fo much authority in the ports of {>lu(
to excrcife the fame jurifdi£licn as they 7urky. nipf
have at Gaa, not only over their fubjeds Thursday the 25th, there happened a gro>
i
and other chriftians, but even over the great fray between the ScibanJar'a offi- and
Mcibomelam that ferve in the faftory ; cers, and the Arabs, on account of a fci- thinf
t'i and befides the power of imprifoning at zurc of tobacco , two of the former being
Congo, to baftinado Mabomelans, who ing dangeroufly wounded. Turk
fliip*
CHAP, V.
ref|)e
comi
I H<
The Author's Voyage to Damam, in Indoftan.
Sundt
ifland
,'ii-i-.„|
ALL things being
Nkoda, or captain of the
the
in a readincls, on thAt account
is
; fo that at prdent there
only tlie village of Mifar, and fomc
The
hii}i.
B,i- other
Mont
veflci came, on Friday the a6th, to order few others. There is alfo a regular fort j ofthi
me abuaid, and therefore in the even- of four baftions, formerly built by the
[
ing I caus'd my equipage to be carry'd Periagueje, and yielded up by the laft I Thelefe
diredHy aboard from the monaftery, treaty to the Perjians, who keep a garin w.ii
,1 .1.
without being Icarch'd by the cullomer ; rifon in it.
watch
but a Moor dropt a cloak-bag on the Tuefday the 30th, the fea being calm, have
ft rand, and wetted fome of my cloaths. the Nkoda, and other Moors diverted contin
Then I went aboard with the captain -, themfelves, trying which of them was
gul's
where 1 found all the provifions I had beft at hitting a packthread with a bullet.
ctll'd
occafion for, laid in generoufly by the They and the captain hit it
fhot well,
mi'M^ Portuguefe commiflloner.
Sailing that fame evening late, we ar-
twice,
men
and I queftion whether any fports-
Europe could have hit it bcncr.
in
and
Chiu.
I
manne
iOand.
riv'd on Saturday the 27th at Augtn, to IVt'dnefday the ift of December, v/eO'm^ dible c
take in fredi water ; which is not allow'd lail'd betimes with a fair wind fo that'lJ"* •,
of thei
to be done at Congo, left the natives on Tburfday the 2d, we left the ifland away.
ilW fhould want. By good luck we found Recca, where the Portuguefe formerly had The
the citterns dry, which oblig'd us to take a fort, aftern betimes, and p-.fi'd in fight o
it in the neighbouring ifland of Kefcim, fight of the ifland of Ormuz. This fmall of pira
two miles diftant. yingon is not inhabi- ifland is at the mouth of the gulph of I thouj
ted, becaufe it was burn'd down by a Perfia, two Spanifi leagues from the the fun
Portuguefe general, in revenge for the continent. Within its compafs of three dilferen
pcrfidioufnefs of the inhabitants. miles, there grows neither tree nor herb, thefe Ci
Kffiimi
Whilft they were labouring diligent- being all over cover'd with good white themfel
ilUnd.
ly 10 take in water, whkh was fome- fait, which renders the foii quite bar- great di
what brackilh, on Sunday the 28th, I went ren. It has no trefh water but what heads t
a (hooting, the \?î\A abounding in all falls from the clouds, and is gathcr'd generall
forts of game, both four-footed, and into citterns, for the ufe of the garri- mirtt t)
featlicr*d. On Monday the 29th, I went fon. The land is valu'd. becaufe h: is ever flii:
about to fee the ifland. It is longiih, very black and bright as alio the red -,
The
ftretching out a great way towards £an- clay, wherewith the Gentiles dye their late, an
der-AbaJIt ; its compafs is about ninety fore-heads. In before the
this ifland, of Pifci
miles. The foil produces grapes, figs, Portuguefe contiuer'd it, there was a ci- illjnd. the end
dates, and other forts of iruit for the ty, where the king of Lar refided, be- poiFit o<
fupjwrt of the natives but their great-
•
ing fovereign of it. to the 1(
eft fuftcnance is fifti, for they dry abun- Friday the 3d, we lay off the mountain rmplor reft oui
dance of pilchards in the fun, which of Daba, in Arabia Falix becaufe then-en id-,
The wi
they take there, and in the ifland of An- wind bemg we rather loft than"^
contr^.ry, *'•'')'
8ch, am
goH, to feed upon all the year. There gain'd ground. Towards evening we ^d-^',.')" perccivii
are gooil pearls found about both thefe vanc'd as fir as Soar, or Mafcate. ftill was rea<
iflands; but the natives love their pil- in fight of the mountain Kumuwunek in the Moo
chards better, as being taken with more Perfia. At
night it blew a ftorm, which which a
fefrty, and lefs trouble than thofe jew- on Saturday the 4th, turn'd to fo fair defence
els. The metropolis of Kefiimi has been a wind, that it carry'd us out of the but cigF
quite ruin'd by frequent change of fo- ftreight, into the fpacious Indian ocean 1 bad gut
vertigns, and wars that have happened but ftill in fight of the contment. In held on i
the
W'^'
ooK HI 1 Chap. V. 0/ P ER S I A. 1 79
noner, themean while, the Moors chief employ- to fhew (he was a friend, and made iiway Gemelu
cyc-lids every '^94-
ice bc- ment was to colour their to weft ward.
es
beforc
have
day, with a certain black ointment, good
as they faid, to preferve the fight t to
Thurfday the 9th, before fun-i ifing, we
difcover'd a fmall bark to the eaftward, pirates.
^^^
orts of pluck the hairs off their beards with which made the Moors very valiant ;
nippers, where they would not have them, for la ing hold of their rufty arms,
ened a grow, and die the nails of their hands they began to bark, like dogs at a di-
's offi- and toes with red earth. As to other ftance \ but not daring to man out their
f a fei- things they were vary civil, never offer- boat, as I advis'd them, olFcring to go
ner being that rudenels to flrangers, as the in it. The bark
at laft went .iway to
ûrks do but the captain, and all his
-, the northward, and fo ended the cries
Ihip's crew fhew'd me more particular and of the Moors. They bciiev'd
fear
rei'iied, at being recommended by the it to be a bark of the j>irates call'd
commiffioner. Sangttiws and Ranns, who arc Gti.tiL's \n
Holding on oar courfe eaftward, on religion, and make no flaves, but take
Sunday the 5th, we canv* in fight of the what they find aboard, without luirting
iflandsof Cocalila, Gitivar, Giavani, and any body. They live in fome iflands,
:nt there The Bii- others inhabited by Baluccoi \ and on and on the continent in marfhy and in-
luiai.
id fome Monday the 6th, pafs'd rli.it 01 Goadrl, acceinble places, as alfo in woods near
ular fort of the fame people. The wind then fail- Syndiy and the kingdom of Guzaratte.
: by the ing, we lay dill without moving a foot. They go out in fmall barks, but very
the laft Thefc Baiuccos are pirates, who lying numerous, and rob along the coaft,
p a garin w.iit behind their ifl.inds in fmall barks, and even in the bay of Surattc. Their
watch to feize fhips tiiat pafs by. They petty kin^ is tributary to the Great
calm, have alfo a large extent of land on the Mogul, who having conqucr'd part of
tverted continent, between Perfia, and the Mo- his country, reftor'd it to him upon that
lem was gul's dominions. Their king or prince condition. He refides in the city Ra-
a bullet, Ctll'd Jafche, refides in the city Bijcian, mora, on the continent, and fometimes
lin hit it and his brother in another they call in the ifland of Sanganilet. Another
y fports- Chiu. They are /trahi in religion and heathen prince of the' country of Va-
it better. manners, treating their flaves with incre- rel, borders upon him. The calm re-
<iber, v/eO'Kz dible cruelty, even to cutting the finews turning, we faw about evening a veffel
; (o that'll"' of their ankles, that they may not run of theic Sanganos plying about our fliip,
ic ifland away. and therefore being jealous, with good
lerly had The calm continu'd TuefJay the 7th, in caufe, of tlKir defign in the dark of the
:-.ls'd in fight of defert iflands, which are nefts night ; I .tdvis'd our A'iioda, or cap-
'his fmall of pirates. The heat was fo violent, that tain, to deliver out powder to twenty
ûlph of I thought tlie winter in India equal to foldiers that were aboard, to load his
om the the fummer tho' there be no

in Italy, great guns, and place centinels ; be-
of three difference as length of days.
:o Whilft caufe the Moors fail like brutes, with-
lor herb, thefe calms laft, the Perfiam ufe to ftrip out any precaution, and arc giving out
white themlidves naked betimes, and have a ammunition, and charging their fire-arms,
lite bar- great deal of fea-water pour'd on their when the enemy is upon them. On
lut what heads to wafli all their bodies, which Friday the loth, in the morning we could
gather'd generally ftink, becaufe of the colour'd not fee the pirates. The wind came up
le garri- mirts they wear fereral mofKhs, without contrary, but fbon falling, left us in a
ufe it is ever ftiihing. calm.
the red The wind came up fair when it was It continu'd Saturday the i ith. In the
{ye their late, and brought us in fight of the ifland afternoon a feaman took a fi(h about
fore the Pihki of Pijeim. We ftill fteer'd due eaft, to five pounds weigiit, and being the firft
kas a ri- ifljnd. ihe end, that when we difcover'd the taken that voyage, the mariners put
fled, be- point of Diu, as butting out furtheft init to according to cuftom, hanging
fiilt
to the lea, we might with more fafety diit up at the main-maft,

to give it to the
lount.iin HmpW- rt&. our courfe for Suratie and Dnmam. faireft bidder. A
merchant vying with
lufe then-crtid The wind continu'd fair IVednefday the another, offer'd twenty two AbnlJ'is, which
loft than^';'"')' 8ch, and at noon we had a falfe alarm, are eight crowns of Naples \ and tlie fifli
perceiving a veffel make towrards us. I might have been fold for more, had there
tie, ftill was ready to burft with laughing, to fee been more merchants it happens fome-
-,
i/iêk in the Moon lay hold of their rufty muskets, times that they are fold for tiiirty crowns.
, which which arc all matchlocks, and the only The money is divided among the feamen
fo fair defence we had ; for our veffel carry'd for a dinner.
of the but eight fmall guns, and they had but Sunday the 1 2th, the wind came up con-
I
ocean -, bad gunners to play them. The veffel trary, fo that wc made little way. The
at. In held on its courfe, putting up red colours, fame happened on Monday the I'^th.
the About
!8o ^ ô>^^? ro««r/ the World. Book III. 1 C h a p.
CtMtLii About evening we difcovcr'd to eaftward to go with us, tho' much courted bjr after
'•94 fupposM to be of the Satt-
a fmall veird, the matter of the vefTe). The captain their
'-^^'"â. OS J which made our captain alter perceiving the ignorance of the pilot, gun
his ourfe to Ihun him ; (o fearful afe who knew nothing of his bufinefs, came Ihaki
I'„ll
thofe Moon. Night deliver'd us from in lofty terms to tell me, he had flood
this fear, but a ftorm that arofe fright- again for the Inês for my fake, and
cil us worfc, and did not only lail till tliCi-efore I fhould fee whether the vef-
day, but blew fo violently on 7'uefday lel held her courfe. I told him h did
tlie 1 4.th, that it made the ignorant ma- not, and that the old pilot having fwal-
tter and pilot lofe all the ground they had low'd opium all the day, to add more
gain'd, and return to Kefciml. In fight ftupidity to that proceeding from old
of us was a veflcl, fuppos'd by us to be age, lowering the two top-fcih, flood
tlie Enîjh fliip, aboard which were the all night for thewhich was the
land,
fathers Frandi anil Conjianlin, which way to be certainly lod on Ibme rock,
beat it out without lofing ground as we and therefore, if he had not a mind to
did. This made me fret, and tho' I perifh, he muft tack about, and ftand
took never fo much pains to perfwade out to fea. This he ordcr'd to be done
the ignorant Moort to do the like, put- immediately, hoifling his main top-fail
ting hopes the wind would
them in and and then pray'd me to
fore-iail,
foon be fair, I could never prevail. As fland the compafs, as being now
by
I had faid, the wind tell before night, fenfible of the tobacconift's ignorance,
and we iVood our courfe ufâin ; the and imagining I was well skill'd in na-
captain telling me, he did itfor my vigation. Being equally in danger with
Flvin?- fike. That day I ftrft fliw the flying the Moors, and concern'd for the fafety
jlh and fifli wliich the Poituguefe call Aquador. of the fhip, tho' not much better skill'd
Dorv.
It about a niusket-fliot above
flew for than the tobacconifl, I thought fit to
t!ie water, and then dropt, the little comply with the Nicoda, or captain.
wings not being, able to fupport its Handing Ibmetimes by the compafs, and
Wciglit of ten or twelve ounces. He ordering how we fliould fail. Befides,
leaves his naturalelement to f*vc hi« I m.nde the men handle their arms when
life i becaufe the Abnus, or Dorado, as any vefTel appear'd, that we might not
the Poriuguefe call it, continually purfuea be loft through their ignorance and
to devour it. This Dorado-fi^ that lives cowardize. Thus upon every accident
by deftroying another, is of a blueilh they call'd for the kga Gcmelli, belie-
colour, well tafted, and big enough to ving, as being an European, I mull under-
". 1
fcrvc four men. fland every thing (lb great an opinion
', ' I-
IFcdiiefday the 15th, the florm grew they have of us) but I unilerftood as
fo violent, that we were in fome danger, good as nothing, and did nothing all
and in the afternoon it rain'd harder than day but fteer to the fouthward ? leav-
it had done the day before, which lafting mg the employment at night, when I
all night, wectcd thofe under as well as a- could not loli; my fleep, to the dull
bove deck. The Moor'ijh women in the tobacconifl, who loft at night all we
poop wept bitterly, as did their husbands gain'd in the day. Thus, tho' the day
without, calling upon their falfe prophet before we had five fails abroad, and a
Mdbomet to deliver them from impend- fair wind, yet on Friday the i7tl», we
ing death. found our ielves in the fame place we
fbut-Jday the i6:h, the wind came fair, were in eleven days before ; a plague
and the thought they difcover'd
failors thofe are fubjeft to, who fiil in Moorifj
at forty miles dillance the continent of fhips. Making way in the day, we came /).'v fort
Gill/lb, part of the dominion of the up with the lands of Arabia, Pijfmime- .iiiJ ciiy.
Bahiccos. We
held on our courfe along lon, Settalau, and Ciurna, of tlic kingdom
it but tho' the Ihip made good way,

i
of Syndi, under the dominion of the GreaS
we could fcarce regain what we loll the Mogul, about the firft part of Indoftan.
day before, much lefs difcover the land The fame fair wind continuing on Sa- laolatroa
of Goadcry we hop'd to fee in the eve- turday the i8th, we made much way,ccrcmon).
ning. Our misfortune was, that we had becaufe the fhip was light, and we had
an ignorant pilot, who fail'd by gueis, fix abroad ; tlie Nicoda taking no
fails
without knowing what he was to do, more notice of the fearful pilot, fince
lu's bufinefs at Congo having been felling I advis'd him to make all the fail he
of tobacco. By this we may judge how could, when the wind was fair. At
barbaroufly the Moors act in other ca- the fight of the new moon, that had
fes, fince they commit their lives and caus'd the aforefaid ftorm, all the Moors
eftates in a fhip to a tobacconifl. This in the vcflel in the evening made their
confidcration made fatlicr FramU refufe ufual prayers and adorations to her,
afty
00 K III. IChap. V. 0/ P ER S I A. i8i
ed hj after tlie manner of the idolaters, with in India; but they ought to fpare no-GtMfiii
aptain their lunds open before their eyes. A thing for the gaining of it, becaule 'f, J^î^
-^^^^
pilot, gun W.IS fir'd for joy, and all of them is a check upon all fhips that fail the
came linking hands, wifh'd one another a hap- Indian ocean. The city is on the con-
tinent, not far from the fort, and in-
ftood py month.
and 1 '
Suiiility the 19th, the wind continu'd habited by Chriflians, Mahometans, and
,
e vef- f.iir, but there was little of it. Monday Gentiles. Its liberties extend four miles
20th, it W.IS contrary, fo that we made along rhe lira-fliorc, till the place where
h did tlie
no way. Tuefday thewas fuch a 21ft, they pais the river Brancavaria. It bor-
fwal-
more calm, that I lolt all hopes of keeping ders on the two kingdoms of Guza
m old Cbrijimas aflioar ; and I had fuch a con- ratte and Cambaya, both fubjed to the
ftood teil with the pilot, who made no way by Mogui. When Badur, kinfi of Cam-
as the night, that I would meddle no more with baya bcficg'd this place, Di. >i Nuno tf
rock, (leering tlie (liip. IVednefday the 2 2d the Acuna, governour of Goa, came to re-
lind to wind was f.iir, but fo little of it, that we lieve it, and not only rais'd the fiege,
1 ftand could not make much way ; but on but kill'd the king : (hewing at once
Thtirfday the ajd, it treflined, and held the ftrength of the place, and valour of
le done
all night, and Friday the 24th ; yet we the Portuguefe. Acuna entring the city A nun if
top-fail
Diu, in the year 1535, found an old """J"-
mc to could not difcover the continent, and I ^.
g now have the fatisfadion of keeping Cbrijlmas- man of 335 years of age, who had a '" ^S*^*
orancc, Eve aflioar. fon of 90. He

had chang'd his teeth
in na- Saturday the 25th, fo great a day for three and his beard as often
times,
ei with the redemption of man, the lea appearing grew grey, after having been black, lie
covcr'd with thofe weeds rhe rivers car- beg'd of Don Nuno, a Riipie a day,
: fafety
•
skill'd ry down into tiie Indian Tea, we began worth about five Carliiies of Naples,
to hope we Ihould foon difcover land lefsthan half a crown EngUflj, telling
fit to
:aptain, and cilling the lead, we found eighteen him, king Sultan Badur had allow'd Miff.llijl.
fathom water. him fo much ; but the generous Portu- I'-l- ' " •
ifs, and
Be fides, Sunday the 26th, we began to fee fome guefe inftead of one, allow'd this Indian
^/Ppr^}
IS when fnakes of the colour of thofe we call phenix three, in refpeft to his venera- ^,.,. ','/'"
»ht not Cervoiii, drove out by tlie rivers into ble age. They fîy, all the accounts he Mi.i.
'M and the fea and calling the lead, we found

-, gave, .agreed perfedly well with the
tccident
no bottom, which made us begin to fear hillories of tho' he could not
his times,
belie-
fands. Aoout evening, a contrary wind read. At
he dy'd at above 400 years iWgf/. Je
fill
ftarteJ up, and difappointed our hopes of age, as they relate in thole parts. Pli'ii".
under- ''"''''•
of feeing land on Monday the 27th. But Father Hia.intb de Dios tells us further,
before fun-rifing, on 'fuefday the 28th, That this Indian Noah was firft a (hep-
tiie ignorant failors and pilot began to herd in Bengala in 1230, and carry 'd
fancy they faw tlie land and fort of Diu, St. Francis over the river on his back,
which runs further out into the fea than who for his reward gave him a pair of
i'ri'
any other. Upon this joyful news, the beads , there are feveral particulars that
captain, according to the Moo'i/h cu- may render this opinion the more im-
ftom, treated all the fiilors with Cac- probable bur the chiefeft, that we ne-
-, '•
f .1
''•I
ciaro, that is, black kidney-beans, rice, ver read St. Francis was in India. Thence
and lentils all boil'd together. They the old man went to Diu, where he
eat this Indian food, dipping their hancis liv'd many years, and then returning
into a difli of and then
melted butter, to Bengala, convers'd, and was acquaint-
filling it with the Cacciaro, and fo cram- ed with feveral Portuguefe, and religi-
ming their mouths. Since we imagine ous men of the order of St. Francis^
Dii fort
city.
our felves in fight of Diu, it is not im- about the years 1605, and 1606. Du-
f/tmme- .iiid
proper to leave the Moors to their foon ring the whole courfe of his life he
ngdom
fading pleafurc, and acquaint the reader, profefs'd three religions, being firft a
: Great
'I'hat this fortrels is feated a fmall
in Pagan 100 years-, then a Alabome-
for
Ian.
ifland very near to the continent and tan for 300 1 and laftly, a CathoUck at
an Sa- IJohm-i
bay of Camhaya. Its port is capable of the end of his life, the faid Francifcans
way, ceremony.
le had
large Ships. The
caftle Hands on the baptizing him in Bengala, as the fame :.:ni
top of a rock, with only a narrow path father Hiactntb writes. They tell usAv.?,.'.
|ng no
to it, cut out of that very mals of of another that liv'd 300 years at Ma-l'"''^-:-
finre
Hone v fo that a fingle man may defend laca.
|ail he
it. This rock is all about precipices, Having in imagination difcover'd the
Ac
and has no other high ground to com- point of Diu, we (lood away to fourh-
It hud
manil it for which realon the conqueft
•,
ward for Dainam, the contrary wind
loors
of it coll the Poruiguefe mo e blood and coming fiiir. It continu'd fo till llêd-
their
her,
trcafure, than all their otncr conouefts nefday the 29th at noon, when we were
aftcj
Vol. IV. Aaa becalm'd,
*t)
182 J Voyage round the fVorld, Book III. 1 Chap
ll CmiMi brcilm'ti, and flie weather was a\ hot a'5 were told that fmall place was callM
''"'' at NiifiJes in Auguft. In tlic i-vc- Mangalor in the kingdom of Gmaratie,
it is
^^'^''^^ winil came fair auain. Our to- 400 miles from Damam. This furpti- th
iiiiig tlic
liacconif) pilot, bcin^ as I laid, fo ignu- /.ing news terrify M me •, and |)crcciving of
rant that he underllood
nckhcr cart, the Moonin our boat, luljjecled the
nor coinpals illl the Moori bclicv'd that others were Sangah pyrates, and only
kimc land wc law before us on 'rbutf |)erfuadcd us that was the place it was
tliiy the 30th, in the morning, had been not, that they might carry us off, with- mil
the village of Maym, near Bnzaim, a city out any trouble, the Sanganoi border- him
bclonuinu to the Porlugueff, and conle- ing on the kingdom of Guzaratle. I en-
will
fteci
qui-ntly that they wen- at the end of their deavour'd to ixirfuade them for our fafc-
voyage. All ine failors rejoyi'd, and ty, to cut the ro|)e that held us, and old
make away They for
the merchants much more, as liiinking to our vcfTcl. an-
Icrv*
their lives and cilatcs in fatety ; and fwer'd it was too late, and fhould iier-
the ignorant pilot, vainly puff'd up wkh ictWy CAî OUT felves away, if the others
pride, tor having brought the fhip fafi; happened to be too fwift for us, as they
to /mlii, went about with a fhect of pa- muft \x, having a better boat and more
1
|KT ill his hand, to cnfer what the paf- oars to fetch us up. There being no
lcM(êrs promis'd to give him as a re- other remedy, wc fulTer'd our felves to
ward for his care i but coming to ask be led away like fo many lambs before
what I would give, I fiid, I would give the commander of the place. He re-
nothing he rather dcferv'd to be
; for cciv'd us not ill, as we fear'd, but with
t)unil]i'd than rewarded i being through- civility; giving us leave to uke in wa-
y f,itisfy'd the land wc (iiw, was not ter, whereof wc had much need. It
tli.it he imagin'd. The £imc day, difco- was brought us in the darkefl of the
vering a large bark, the yirab foldicrs night, by the country-women, in ear-
of iHir fmall vcfTcl lud a: falfc alarm ; then velfels, one upon another. They
a netting ot rolKS was made on the covcr'd all their bodies and heads, with
prow, to cover them, and our ten finall long garments like fmocks, of fillc in -,
I I
vûns were loadcti, but night drawi"" on their ears they had goKl rings, and a-
wc loft fight of her. The pilot r bout their arms otlicrs of glafs. No-
furling the fails to come to ai , . ., thing could be feen of them but their
but I prevail'd with the captaii j fert and faces.
conftnt to it, as well on accouni vj» the The habitation was a fmall village onMitk
bark we hail feen, as liecaufe all that the ftioar; I fay it was but little m re- '^'"i''"
coaft is infifted with pyrates. Friday be- Ipeft of the great Mangalor, a depcn-
ing the laft of tlic year 1694, wc were dance whereof it is, five miles diftant,
bccalm'd not far from land. and ôvern'tl by a Nabob, or govemour
SMtinlaj the firll of the year 169;, appointed by the Great Mogul, who
drawing near to the flioar upon the nii- they told me had two caftlcs there. The
llaken notion, that we were on the inhabitants told us how much we were
J'orluguefe territories, the boat was fent miftaken intorming us that the point
;
off to difcovcr it. Not regarding dan- we took for Diu, was the country of
ger, to fatisfy my
I went in- curiofity, the Sangano pyrates, and the lana we
confidcrately aboard both to fee the it, faw next Mangalorpotan, of the fame king-
country and hear news of Antony Ma- dom of Guraratte, not far dillant front
cbado di Brito, admiral of the Portu- them to the fouthward ; oppofitc to
giiefi fleet, with whom I had been ac- which place, we lay, as was laid before,
'. i. auainted at Madrid. The captain of our three days becalm'd, and bearing up a-
lip, who took particular care of me gainft contrary winds.
lor the fake of the Porluguefe commif- Having taken water, and obtain'd
fioner,oppos'd my going a long while, leave to return to our fhip about mid- •,
as not being well fatisfy'd that coafl night the bark, with fome Indian mer-
bclong'd to Portugal^ and perhaps he chants aboard it, bore us company, to
fcar'd, if it did, feme other misfor- perfuade our Nicoda to ftand in for the
tune might bcfal me } but feeing 1 was fhoar, upon hopes of a good market
obftinate, he fuf-
rather than difpleafe, for his goods but he with good reafon,
-,
fcr'd me to go. The contrary wind, fufpefting their honelty, as being bor-
which blew hard, would not permit us derers on the Sangano pyrates, gave
to make diredly for the village but •, them good words, promiling fo to do,
drove us afhoar a mile from it. Being the next day ; yet at break of day, on
difcovcr'd from land, a bark put out to Sunday the 2d, he fet fail with a fair wind,
enquire what vefTel ours was, as we went which afterwards quite ceas'd, and left us
10 be inform'd of their country. We becalm'd.
All
^«>în. 1 chap.v. 0/ p ER s I a; 183
callM ButCtMnn
All the £iilors and parTcngers blam'd (lep, unlcfs the wind was very fair.
tratie,
the pilot for his ignorance, who inflead it was my own fault that I lay fo
''"'J^
long
furpti-
would not follow the
^^^"^^
of carrying us tu Ditmam, had run us at fca, becaufe I
civing
up 400 miles higher eallward, and al- advice of father a French
Cbiarlanton,
d the
moll into the mouths of the ravenous Jejuit \ for had I gone aboard the Englifi
I onl/
Sangano pyratcs, who were but thirty fhip, 1 had been long before afhoar ta-
it was
with-
miles diftant. Some were for throwing king my cafe.
lorder-
him overboard ; fdme were Citisfy'd We
wcigh'd anchor at midnight, but
with railing, and putting him by the dropt it again on Thurfda^ the 6th, be-
I cn-
ftecrinc of the ftiii) •, fo tnat the foolifh fore day, for the aforefaid reafon fo •,
jr fafc-
old tdlow had fcarce a word to fay that when I cxijcfted to have kept a
1, and
for himfelf. I told the NicoJa he de- merry twelfth-tide afhoar, after a hard
ey an-
IcrvM as many llrokes as he had agreed lent at lea, becaufe my providons fell
d ixr-
to pay him abalTis, for his isnorance. fhort, I was forc'd, againd inclination,
othcrs
Twelve merchants, and Moorija Fachin, to continue my abftincnce. We let lail
IS they
who went to beg in the India, for this fome time after, h'-t within a few hours
Jmore anchor'd again, becaufe the tide wouKl
reafon rcfus'd to go any further aboard
ng no the and
(hip, being afhoar, tra-
fct not permit us to make way but at cer-
Ives to
vell'd along it a-foot, thinking it lefs tain hours.
before
dangerous than to continue in a vefTel I went again afhoar in the boat to
hlc rc-
S'ovcrn'd by a tobacco-feller, who had know what coaft it was, the danger at
it with Mangalor not having yet had the good
pent thirty fcven days in a voyagc of
in wa- twenty, without coming to his port, efTecl to make me more cautious, none
cd. Ic
ftccring three days to and fro northward, of the failors being able to give a good
of the when he (boukl have ftood fouth. The account what part of the Portuguefe do-
in ear-
wind frcfliinf^ after noon, we coafted minions we were upon. Being hindered
They along Indojlan, making good way at by the flats from coming any nearer
Is, witn than within half mile of
night. "a the fhoar,
Ilk ; in the wind prov'd fo two feamen fwam
Monday the :?d, thither to get fome
and a- One of who
crofs that we could not reach Diu, as intelligence. thefe return'd,
i. No- wc had intended, and th'S bccaufc the the other not daring to fwim back, I' < 4
ut their Afijonyii mariners arc a whole hour fprcad- brought an account that wc were near
ing a fail ; calling Mahomet to their the village of Nevigon, two days jour-
ape onMttlc afTiHancc, with a tedious fong upon fvt- ney for a foot-traveller from Damam
''•"'«' '»
• in
in re-
I
ry little accident. We came to an an- towards Bazaim. Returning aboard with

depcn- cnor in eighteen fadom water, till the this relation, wc wcigh'd upon the flood,
didant, tide and wind, which were againfl us, and dropt anchor again upon the ebb,
emour
[c.
poinc
who
The
were
came
low,
land,
Four hours
fair.
we were
The
fo that tho'
Indian feas are but (hal-
we were 100
forc'd to
after night-fall
gain, the wind blowing hard at north,
miles from
keep founding.
we fail'd a-
about Bazaim.
This current or tide alters twice in
twenty four hours. It runs for fix hours
from break of day towards Bazaim, or
the fouth ; then it runs till about eve-
M
'i
try of and the fea running high ; the sky was ning to the north, towards Damam \ then
ind we as clear as ic is the fined night in July it turn? again towards Bazaim, and holds
|c king- at Naples. till midnight ; after which it turns to
t from Tuefday the 4th, the wind came about the north, and holds till break of day.
ite to fairer,which helped us on confiderably. 'Tis true, thefe turns are not at the fame
fore, Being near land at night, we kept but hours all the year about, tho' the run-
up a- one fail abroad, founding continually, ning one way or the other always con-
At lafV, finding twelve fadom for a tinues the fame time.
l>tain*d great while, we came to an anchor, Friday the 7th, we hoifted fail about
mid- uaying for day to draw nearer the noon, with an indifferent wind, and an-
mer- land we faw. chor'd again in the evening. After mid-
|y. '» fVednefday the 5th, in the morning, we night we advanc'd again, and Saturday
jr the thought we were between Damam and the 8th, at fun-rifing, at length came to
jiarkec Bazaim, and the tide being againft us, an anchor off Damam. Tho' we fpread
pafon, waited till it turn'd, which was about our fails again after noon, they were
bor- noon. Drawing near the land, the wa- foon furl'd through the ignorance of
gavc ter began to look whiter, by reafon the pilot, for he rather loft than gain'd
do, of the rivers that run into it. made We ground. Sunday the 9th wc weieh'd four
, on fome little way, and anchor'd again bc- hours before day, and drop'a anchor
vind, caufe the wind was contrary Thofe : again at fun-rifing, the wind continu-
eft us brutal Moon being fuch unskilful failors, ing ftill at north. Four hours before
that they knew not how to advance a night we fct forward again with an in-
All different
i
i84 ji Voyage round the World. Book III.
GiMiLii different gale, which drove us on a dor of Baffbra bein^ already gone for
'^'"' when we
coed way by night, an- Bazaim ; and imbracing one another in-
^^"''^chor'd. terchangeably, congratulating our happy
Mondiiy the loth, wc came to an an- arrival in Imlia, after our parting at
chor near Damam, after a voyage of BanderCoitgo, they carry'd nic to ciicir
1200 miles, or 400 leagues ; wliich wc monaftery of St. Augujlin \ where the
run twice over through the ignorance of father prior very couricoufly rcceiv'd,
the pilot. I went immediately afhoar and made much of mc, appointing teve-
in the boat with the captain. Here I ral fervanCs to attend me, that t might
had the good fortune to meet father the better recover my ftif after my fa-
<f ; Vi' Frandi and father Conândnc, ihc fatigues at iea.
k
« I
'i,»
;'ia-'' •(
Tie End of the Second PAR T

mm'>'
lilt
mil
''\lmtAM'' vi !
Chap. I. 18^

Francis Gemelli Careri. Part IIL
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he favv in
I N D O S T A N.
BOOK I.
CHAP. I.
The Dej'cription of Damam, a City belonging to the Portugucfe in Indoftan.
was prefenting father Francis'* great worth, GmFt.Li

NF.ver ll'il, after
tr.ivellcr
enduring manv hard-
better plea-
and how much he was citecm'd at Jj'pa-* '^5-
ftiips, for a .onh icralile time han by all the great one's ; fo that at <-''V>J
in far diftant countries, in be- length, thro* my intcrcelTjon, he reco-
ing fafcly reltor'd to his native foil, en- ver d his bales.
joying tiic company of deareft friends, The rity Damam is featcd on the left Ti'imnn
than of the of that name, '"y*
and relating what lie had feen ; I fide river in 20 deg.
was at my landing in Indoftan^ whicli lat. Tho' but ill peopled, it is bcautimi
made me my troublc-
forget the toils of enough, and built after the Italian man-
fome voyage. be extraordinary de-
If it ner. Three broad ftreets divide it in
lightful to feed the cars with the relation length, and four acrols them all ; fo re- ",f'
of wiiat precious tilings nature has bc- gularly built, that the corners of the hou-
ftow'ii on that wealthy countrjj, for the Ics (which are for the mofl part trench'd
cafe of humane life ; you may judge how about) do not jut out an inch one beyond
great a fatisfaftion it was to to me, to another ; 'tis true, moll of them have on-
be upon the fpot where I might aftually ly a ground floor, very few having any
fee and be acquainted with them. Be- rooms above, and they arc generally til'd.
ing therefore lodg'd in the monaftcry Inflead of glafs, their windows arc made
ot the Auguftiniam in Damam, and ha- of oyfter-fhells curioufly wrought, and
ving a little relied me after my voyage, tranfparent. Every houfe has its garden
on Monday the nth of January 1695, or orchard with fruit-trees.
I apply'd my fclf to landing of my The air of Damam is very good, being AirJ
equipage. Tne Portuguefe fadlor was fo north of Goa and tho' its fummer and
•,
civil, that as at Bander-Congo port- my winter be at the fame time as it is at Goa,

manteau's had not been fearch'd for the (for whilft I flay'd it was fummer in thofe
fake of the commiflloncr j fo neither were parts, and the winter is from May till the
they open'd at Damam, through his cour- end of September, with continual rain and
tefy. He obligingly told me, he could ftoiTHs) yet during that time I call'd fum-
wifh I had brought the value of 1 00000 mer, there is fome fort of coolnefs in the
crowns \ for in regard I was a ftranger, morning, which is not at Goa.
he would not have taken any cuftom of It has four modern and well-built ba- Fortifier}
"°""
me i for had I been a Portuguefe, I muft ftions ; but 'tis fomewhat irregular, and
have paid 10 per Cent, (which to fay the ill provided with cannon. The compafs
truth, would have been confiderable) to is about two miles, without any ditch
the Gentiles,who farm'd the cuftoms. on the call and fouth fides, but with a
When acquainted father Francis with
I low work, or intrenchment breaft high.
this generofity of the faftors, he told me, On the other fides the ditch is fill'd by
that notwithilanding his being a religi- an arm of the river, towards which tliere
ous man, having brought two bales of are two gates, and before the firft a draw-
carpets, for the fervice of their church, bridge. All the walls are back'd with
the cuftom-houfe officers had ftopp'd them ramparts.
for their duties. I apply'd my felf to the The government is in a captain, or Govern-
factor, to have them reftor'd to him, re- commandant, and it is kept by a good ""^nt.
VOL. IV. Bbb gar-

1^6 A Voyage round the JVorhL
CtMim oirrifon. The flictor bclorf mentiontd, Jiireniê-Zdi-.ll.wîiir, afterwards king, imy
""'i h.M the ilmrgc of tlir king's revfnm. laid li(^ to it with nn army ot eighty
tlrait
''^'VJit i5 inli.il)itcil by I'oiiugiieji, Mcjlrzos, thoufand men ; but the I'fringuejr ile-
•yJi ; '! 'I I.' verc
who .uc horn ot white t.ithcrs and black fended it fo bnvtiy, m.iking a terri liient
mothers, Paîtin anil M./bomriiiii ; luit I )k' ll.iughtiT ol tlie enemy with ilujr illov
J
thfle two i.ill .Iff not .illowM the free continu.d tiiliits he w.u
at nigiit, th.it Jhoul
cxcrcife ot their rehgion. ThiTc arc le- forc'd, nher lying three months before ,\.-t;
l"' !i
MoiiAiU-- vpr.il gooM mi)nallcries, ;is thofe of tlie it, to martî otf W\t\\ the lots of hilf his
.« •
tra\'el
rici.
'Jel'nils, the Rt\r,!(i<, the Anfîi/liiii.nn army. The uccafion of it was, tli.it the f'.entr
and the p.irilh-rhutrh but none ot theL'n> •, Mngiili relblvirt;^ to mike the l.ill lilort oils 1:
I' ' has above tliree altars

ilt.irs oppoiite
oppollte to tne
the to t.ike it, ,ind h.iving to thi-. purpole lîoih
door. The monatlcries arc convenient pl.ir'd two hundred elephants in the teen .1
W:!' :
enough tor the nliiîoiis men. I'liat ol front, wiili long lliarp I'words in tluii- /'
!)r
St. .iii^mltii, where 1 refnli-J, hail an ex- trunks 1 tlie IkmIK friglifL-d witli the there
cellent li]uarc cloiller, with twelve goiul lire of the I'ortiiguci- nui.kets, ran dil- the d
'
Hone folumn'!, bcfiilcs tiic four great orderly upon the M.il'omrt.iii army, cut- lliiy i!
jiill.trs at the angles. Above in the ilor- ting in pieces abund.ince of men, with ahS 1)11
mitory there are twenty eight linallcr the lame weapons they were arm'il to tor eai
roluinni. dillroy tlie chrilhans. The barluri.uis Wii,
0!.I Di- All that has been here mentioncil be- being but ir. bad rondition by their own
. vcl toi
m mi'i.
longs to new Damam ; for the oKl is on
the right ot tlie alorrliiiil river, confill-
contrivame i the Porttrîir.i- retiring into
the town, began in liorn to throw eotkle
of coai
cord r
ing of poor low houl'cs, or rather cot- (lulls, which the M.ib'inwt.nis abhor, in coaches
tages with mud-walls, anil cover'd with to the enemies tamp, with in engine hold b;
palm-tree leaves. Here moft of the they cdl Papagayo, made of pall board ly covi
Moors and Gcntilfs live, having their ftrengthned witii c.ines, and carried up open,
fliops of levcral trades along the ill-con- i;ilo the air by tlK wind and guided by terwovi
triv'd llreets. a rone. The
ThcpMt. Between the old city and the new, is The Portuguefe live viiy great in/'. Dam,u'i
the harbour made by the river Damam India, both as to their tables, cloath '
ill lalh
but no velTels, can
either great or tmall, ing, and number ol C.ajics, or (laves to'" goats ;
come in but at Hood, during fix hours lerve them having (ome of thefe to
•, the prii
of the day, as was laid in the forego- carry them in Palancbines on their fhoul- and no
iff
•: ing book, as it is at Ojlfnii in Flanders, dcrs, and others great umbrelloes ol no oil
and Calls in Picardy. The llreain is fo ;ialm-trec leaves. The PaLtmbine is thereof
rapid at ebb that no cars can ftem it, I
like a woo len bier painted anil gelt, fi;- 'I'he bii
bur they muft needs come to an anchor ven fp.ins long, and four in breadth, that the
(unlets very hard) and
the wind lets in with two well-wrought rilings at both ger at J
Aay till the next flood. This is to be ends. On it tliey lay a Perjian ciijict, by tome
underftood of vefTels of fmall burden \ and over that a piece ot Riijiian leather, it he ex
for great ones can neither go in or out that it may not heat their backs, and himfelf 1
but twice a month, that is, when the two filk pillows, on which they lie a- try havi
moon is new and at the full, becaufc of long. There are ropes, or iron rings houfes,
the I'pring tides, which there they call faltned to the ends, through which they fliift witi
great tides. run a bamboa, or thick Indian cane, to tree win

The entrance into this harbour is delay on the thouliiers of the blacks, two the year
fended by a fmall caltic feared on the before and two behind, all in a row or 3nJ There
lidc ot old Damam. It is longilh, and has file \ very few being carry'd by two, ropean f
three baftions well enough furnilTi'd with 'i"he perfon Palancbine is cover'd
in the nuts, M
cannon. On
the north fide of the city with an umbrello of eight fpans dia- fiajiii, A
is a fuburb, confilling of cottages
liiiall meter, carry'd by a tlave, or elfc i.\\\- dclcribe
• '
cover'd with palm-tree leaves, and inha- ned to the bamboa that crofTes the Pa- the cuts
bited by chrillian blacks ; and at a fmall Inr.cblne, and may
be turn'd to that fide are man
diftanccfrom it, a village of GcniileSy the fun is on. In rainy weather they;>,. country -,
with a Bazar. life another fort of carriage call'd yin-ih. call'd Ca

In the year 15?^, Martin Alfonfo de dira, with a covering made of palm-./- or pigni
Sou/a took and deftroy'd Damam in three trce (loaping like the ridge of
leaves, a chetlni
7/../ ///.'.days. In 1559, Don Conjlanline, fon to a houfc, fix'd upon the bamboa ; there Dama,
^"•'/^5'the duke of Braganza, vke-roy o( India, are two Irn.ill windows or doors on forts of
"'
retook it from /ijid Bnjita Abyjfino, who the fides, that mav be o[x;n'd, to fee ropean cr
had revolted from his fovereign, and made who "oes along tne flrcer. The Ando- foxes, an
'
it of confiderable ffrength. The Great ra tliners from the Pahiiicbiiie in nothing, are thofi
) i->' Mogul has attempted to reduce it fevcral bur tlie bomboa ; Ix-Caufe the latter has like bucl
tunes \ and particularly fifty years ago a crooked one, that he wlio is carry'd Zambara
niay
Book L J Chap. I. 0/ I NDO S TA N. :iS7
iriy fit up I and tli.it ot tlic /liuloia i» and their horns and fret like tliofc ofiiMnn
lo he mull lie Aona, as it he a llag Cazi-lUi, which are like goats " '<
"-^ "^
llr.iit, th.it •, i
V/vK in bed. Tins wciuld he a convp Divii like foxes •,

A';.', with the botly
nitiit way of tr.ivrllimj on thofc toft likea cow, (b callM Irom a role tluy
jiillows tor an eltcminati- h.urnptan, who luvr on the bre.dl ; the male of this
IhouM lind tault with ihc joulting of tl>c fpecies is call'd Mrii, and has horns
t\\:iro!it.iii Itd.ifis, and would dilirc to halt a fpan long, and the body and tail
travel in tiitity and llecp. 'Ihcy are like a iiort'e wolves like Itaj.s with
-,
f'.cmrally lu'd tlurc liy women, riliui hairy horn.s \ EiiropraH Cags black ,
oils men, and alt other [KTlons i a reli- wild cats with wings like tho e o( thi-
(lioib man ot any note, never Iwin^ b.its, with which they (kip ar.l lly (loni
leen abroad in J/iJi/i, hut in an Aiulor.i one trtc to ant)! her, tho' tlity be f.ir
\>: Pid.tiuiiPi'; by m.iny (laves,
atteiideil diltant wild horlcs and cows.
i 'J'.'icre
there being but tew ronverti. Bcfiiles, are three (orts ot tygers, lall'd ///A*,
tile charge is very ip'onliderable, for Clio, .inil the royal, each diti'crina tVoni
liny that have no (laves, pay four /».//- the other in bignels of boily, and vari
(()./ but twelve (ollinc-s oi Naples a moiitii cty ot being their proiH-rty to
(pots. It
tor carrying them. b<' ((Muinually in liarch of wild bo.irs

Ci^'.ii,. When they go out of town, or tra- theli. taught It) defend themltlves by
vel lomc days journey, they ulc a fori nature, tumble in the mire, and dry
ot coach drawn by oxen, guidetl by a themlclves in tlie fun fo olten, till the
cord run through their noftrils. Theft; miul is crulled haril on them, Hcing
coaches are Iquare like a ihair, and can thus armM, inllc.id ot Ix-ing m.ide ,i |>rey,
holil but two 1 the top of it is common- they often gore the tygers witii tlieir
ly cover'd with (ilk j three ot the Mt% fharp tulks working with
•, tor they
open, and the b.uk do.s'd with canes in- their claws on the h.ird mud, are a long
terwoven one Nsithin another. time pulling it oil", and by that means
r.>v riiey h.ive no good He(h to Cat in give 'he boars time to kill tliem. .'••l
Di»H>irn ; bcc uif.' the beef and pork is 'I'ht '''ortuguef- have two ways of kil-
ill I'luy lildom kill (luep or
tailed : ling tygers, one is lying conceal'd in a
goats and e\cry body cannot go to
i
ditch, ne.ir the where they como w.iter
the price of lowls. l-'illi is alio tc-arce, to diink 1 the
going in a care other
and none of tiie bell v befides tiiey have diawn gently through the wooti by ox-
no oil of olives to drelii it, but inllcod en, ami thence (hooting them. But tlicy
thereof niak^' ufe of tiiat ot cocoa-nuts. ufe all their endc.ivouis to hit them on
It, fc- 'I'liebread is extraoidinary good, even the fore-lieail, tor il the tyger t.dls not
brc.ulrh, that they make of rice. Thus a flran- the firft fhot, it grows to enrag'd with
both ger at Damam, who is not entertainM the hurt, that it certainly tears the hun-
ciipct, by Ibme body, has but an ill time ol it, ter in pieces.
5 ,"
if he expecffs lor his money to furnifli Bcfidcs four-footed bc-afls, there isBii.l:^
leather,
,
and himfelf in the market i beraufc the gen- great plenty in the woods of peacocks,
lie a-
try have all their provifions in their patridges of two forts, ducks, pigeons,
rings houles, and the meaner
fort makes a turtle-5oves, fwallows, rooks, and other
tiiey
fliitt with rice, and Sura, that is, palm- forts knownEurope. They for paf-
in
iiic, to tree wine, fcarce ever tailing bread all time keep a (brt in cages about as big
two the year about. as a thrufh, call'd Mar/hihos of the citv,
row or Tr. it: and There not any one fort of our Eu-
is and of the country. The hrtl are black
two,
'— ropean but all Indian, as cocoa-
fruits, and white ^ the latter of an afh colour,
:ovcr'il nuts, Manfaiias, (iiambos, Utidis, Am- with a red breaft.
dia- mijiis, jitiii, /tmnas, and others wc (hall A ttian in India mull be very regular
faft-
defcribe in their prO}>er place, and give in eating, or he will fall into ibme in-
hc Pa- the cuts of them. As for herbs there curable diflemixT ; or at leaft fucii as Dikjfc;,
h\x. fide
are many of the Hiiropean, and of the mud be cur'd after the country (athion
they ;,
country ; among which the roots of thtit with fire exjx-rience having (hewn that
-,
d yill-r:
call'd Cajfiiras, being like white tartuffs, European metlicines are of no ufe there. 77.,..,,.,.
palm--/' or pignuts of the bigncfs and taftc of
•, The difcafe they call Mordazin is Arouai-
Ige of a chednut, are excellent. complication of fever, vomiting, weak- '/'>• /'•''•.
tiicrc
I! -5 Damam is alfo very famous for all nefs in the limbs, and hcadach. It al-*^ '° ^'
'"^'
forts of game ; tor befides all the Eu- ways proceeds from too much eating, and
rs oil
ropean creatures of wild boars, wolves, is cur'd by burning both the heels with a
to fee
/Ific'.o-
foxes, and hares -, in tiie mountains there red hot fpit, till the patient feels the hcac
uliing,
are thofc they call Baccareos, in fhapc of the lire. That they call Romharaki,
like bucks, and in taftc like fwine ; and Naricut, fwells and caufes a violent
tor has
MrryVi Zainbares, whofe bodies arc like oxen, pain in the belly, and to cure it, tire is
may alio
iSS A Vtiydge refund tie PTorU Book L J^ *
Gemslli allb apply'd to the fwelling, (o that thofe they have long breeches down to their
'6<)5 who have the good fortune to recover, heels. On their flioulders hangs a piece
^^^''^^ carry the figns of the fire afterwards on of filk or woollen, which they wrap
their belly. For this reafon, the phyfici- about their head when it is cold, the
ans tiiat go out of Portuga' into thofe turbant being but very fmall. Others
parts, niuil at lirll itecp company with go naked, only covering their privities
the Indicin furgcons to be fit to praftice i with a clout.
otherwife if they go about to cure thofe The women have no other garment
diftempers, fo far diHercnt from ours af- but a long piece of Ihili", wherewith
ter the Etooj'fiin manner, they may chance they cover all their body, except their
*' : 3
to kill more than they cure. For fear of legs and part of their belly. Sonit add Amadak
C.1IV.
thefe difeaies, on flefli-days, they only eac a little fort of iVnock with half-fleeves ;
ilerti at dinner, and generally fifli at night. adorning their bare arms with bracelets,
ILbit.
Tiie habit of the Portiiguefe that have and ilrings of glais and latton tneir ears -,
fettled their aboad in ImiUi, is very odd with large filver pendents, and their an-
for under their loats or vefts tliey wear kles with rings of the fame metal.
a fore of breeches, call'd Candales, the ffêJnefday the 12th, I went to vific
like whereof I never faw in any part of the king's factor, beir.g much oblig'd u>
Europe ; for wl'cn they are ty'd they him for his civility. The fame day I went
leave fomething like the tops of boots with fiither Conftantinc to old Damam for
on the leg. Others under a Ihort doub- paftime. Tburfday the 13th, we went to
Î'rr^ let, wear wide filk breeches ; and fome take the air in a garden of the Aiiouftini-
!' V
have them hang down to their ankles, ans, as well the religious men, as their
C.miiiyii
fo that they ferve for hofe. guefts and orher<i, in five of the country tiiy.
The wear a long filk gar-

Ge/ht.'js caiches, father Francis treated us gcne-
ment, gather'd about the wafte like a roufly. Coming home I Tiw them on the
pf^tticoat. It is ty'd with ribbands be- fhore building a vefiel they call Gala,
fore upon the bread, and under the left t'etta, which was all pinn'd with woot)
arm like the Perfuin Cabayas, and with and caulk'd with cotton.
a girdle about the miildlc j under it
CHAP. n.
I^k Atthrs Jliort Fo)'age to Suratte, and Return to Damam.
HAving a curiofity to Ice Suratte, antl our bags narrowly for pearls, or 7.ec-
being eafie to go thither ; be-
it chines. Then I went to fee the diredor
cau'e the convoy wiis ready to (ail for of the French company, who kept me
Cambaya and other parts, I went on Fri- with him.
day the i4th, to give a vifit to the com- Suratte is feated in twenty degrees of^f'.fi
city.
madorc of the g.tUiots that were to con- latitude, and a hundred and five of lon-'^
•
voy the trading vcfiels, and defir'd him gitude, at the mouth of the bay of Cam-
to give me my paflage aboard his, which iaya and kingdom of Guzaratte. It is
was built frigot-fafiiion and carry'd twen- not large, enclos'd by a weak wall,
ty guns. He civilly granted it, fo cour- built after it was plunder'd by Savagi, or
teous is the Portugueje Nation, and there- Kacagi. The caule is no better, having
fore having return'd thanks I went home four towers but no ramparts, but ei-
to make ready. Saturday the 15th, af- ther coming from fea or land it mull
ter dinner, leaving my luggage with fa- be pafs'd by to come at the city. The
ther Francis to avoid all trouble of tlut governor of it only commands the gar-
fevere cullom-houfe, I imbark'd with my rilbn-foldiers the city being govcrn'J
•,
man aboard the commadore's galliot, and by a Jâbab, who receives the king's
the great ftream carrying us out of the Uixes throughout the whole province.
harbour prefently after noon, we fail'd The private houfes are built with mud
with a fair wind which continu'd all night. mixt with cows-dung, and linall brufli-
Sunday the i6th, about break of day wood broke ; there are not above a
we came in fight of the bay of Suratte, dozen good ones belonging to French,
that city being but fixty miles from Da- Englijfj, Dutch and Mahometan mer-
fnam, and entring it with a fair wind, chants. Neverlhelcfs Suratte is the prime
came to an anchor at Suali, twelve miles mart of India, all nations in the worKl
from the city. I immediately went a trading thither,no fliip (ailing the In-
Ihore with the commadore's nephew, dian ocean, but what puts in there to
where the cuftoni-lioufe ofiiccrs fearch'd buy, fell, or load j for in the port of
Siiru::.',
BookI, 1 Chap. IL 0/ I N D O S T A N. i8p
J down to their SuraiUf thetc is a trade not only for Tuefday the 18th, I went to fee the tree Gnittu
rs liangs a piece all forts and amona them for
of fpice, of the Gentiles, we call Banians, under 'bi,;-
lich they wniji ginger, but of very rich gold and fllk which hey have the Pagods of their i<iols,^.^
I
it is cokl, tlu:
Ituns, of very fine cottens and other and mi:et to perform tlieir ceremonies, ^ce .iml
commodities brought thither from re- It is of the fame bignefs and fort asf./io.A.
Imail. Others
mote parts. There arc fuch rich mer- that defcrib'd at Ban Jer-Congo ; but the
g their privities
underfound
chants, tkit they can load any great fliip Pagods differ, for this I
out of one of their ware-hou(es. I may four, one call'd of Mamaniva, which
other garment
(ay without enlarging, that all the rich has a mighty front ; two others of Rio-
:urt', wherewith
except their
niks, and gold-Huffs, curioufly wrought Ram, and the fourth a retiring place
y,
ji'niddi.tt with birds and flowers ; all the bro- for Facbirs that do pennance ; whereas
L'liy. Sonit add
ciiy. cades, velvets, taffetas, and other forts under the tree at Bander-Congo there is
'ith halt'-fleeves v
made in /Imadabat, arc convey'd to Su- but one.
s with bracelets,
ratte, which is but four days journey Under this tree, and in the neighbou-^"^^'"^^
atton V tneir cars
from It. I fay thole of Amadabat, which ring parts, there are many men who''[f*'"'
ts, and their an- ""
is the greatefl city in India, and nothing have cnjoyn'd themfelvcs and do perform
tne metal.
inferior to Venice for this trade tho' •, fuch dreadful pennances, that they will
1 went to vifit
its houfcs are low and made of mud and feem fabulous to the reader, and impof-
much obiig'd to
Bamboa; and the ftreets narrow, crook- fible to be gone through without the
: fame day I went
ed, and of dirt. But I forgot the
full affiftance of the devil. You may fee one
D old Damam for
fiiie muflins of Cambaya, and the curio- hanging by a rope ty'd under his arms
3th, we went to
of the Auotijlini-
fities made in the mod valuable agate and to the tree, only his feet touch-
that is brought into Europe. ing the ground, and tlie reft of his bo-
us men, as their
Cambaya, the metropolis of that king- dy being bow'd, and this for many years,
ê of the country lily.
dom, was a large and rich city, whilfl the without changing place or pofture day
treated us gene-
Portuguefe were pofTefs'd of it, Barofce or night. Others have their arms lif-
I fiiw them on the
and Suratte; for this brave nation go- ted up in the air, fo that in procels of
they call Gala.
vern'd it well enough, the gate being time there grows fuch a ftiirnefs or
nn'd with wood.
ftill (landing that people made for its fe- hardnefs in the joynts, that they cannot
curity ; but after they abandon'd it and bring them down again. Some lit with
retir'dto the fea, it loft much of its their hands lifted up without ever mov-
fplendor and magnificence; for the vef- ing them. Others ftand upon one foot,
lels anchor twelve miles from it, and and others lie along with their arms
cannot come up to the city but with the under their heads for a pillow. In fliort,
)amam, flood i which is fo violent and fwift, they are in fuch poftures, that fometinies
thatahorfe can fc?rce outrun it. F'or a man can fcarce believe his eyes, but
tliis reafon the (hips often do not go up, fancies it is an illufion. Thus they con-
pearls, or zee-
becaufe they muft do it aga<nft wind, to tinue naked all feafons of the year, with
fee the diredor
check the violence of the '.ide that drives vaft long hair, and nails grown out,
,
who kept me fo impetuoufly. expos'd to the rain, and burning rays
'enty degrees of S" ;'( i

turtfii Barofce above mention'd is famous for of the fun, and to be ftung by flies, <
cii/. its excellent white and ftain'd calicoes, whom they cannot drive away. Other
and five of lon-'^
as alfo for ginger, and the beft market Facbirs who lake that employment, fup-
the bay of Cam- for commodities at Suratte, neceflities of eating and drink-
its is ten ply their
"ûzaralle. It is
miles diftant from it. port Is the
Its ing. Thefe penitents are not afham'd
a weak wall, river, which falls into the (ea fifteen to goquite naked, as they came out of
'd by Savagi, or miles lower, up which fmall barks can their mothers wombs. The women go
better, having
go with the tide. devoutly to kifs thofe parts modefty for-
mparts, but ei- 1 purpofely omit to mention particu- bids us to name, and tho* they take tiiem I
land it mull larly fo many countries, which like ri- in hands they feel not the leail
their 1
the city. The vers to the fea, convey all their wealth to motion of fenfuality, bat they roul tlieir
imands the gar- Suratte, becaufe of the good vent they eyes in a moft dreadful manner without
being govern'd find for it there ; this being a matter well taking notice of them, as I faw one or»
ives
hole
the
province,
king's
known to
be a much
Europeans. But there would
greater refort, where its port
Wednefday the 19th, bcfet by fome filly
Pagan women, who paid their refpeds
'M
built with mud better, and that the velTels when they to Tiim with great humility.
nd imall brulL- have run fix miles up the river, were not Ihurfday the 20th, a young French man An hofpi-
not above a forc'd to lie at Suali, ten miles from the conduftcd me to fee an holpital of thcf'' !~;^
ig to Frciiih, city ; whence and whither commodities Gfntiles, where abundance of irrational i^^,'n'J"
tahometan mcr- are convey'd in fmall boats. This they do be-
creatures were kept.
utti! is the prime Monday the 17th, I faw the church of caufe they believe the tranfniigration of
IS in the world the Capuchins which is decently adorn'd, fouls, and therefore imagining thole of
failing the /«- and their houfe convenient, thofe good men their fore-fathers may be in the vileft,
uts in there to having built it after the manner of Europe, and filthieft living creatures, they pro-
the port of
iri
Vol. IV. C c c vide
1
Sura;:,;
tpb "^ Voyage round tJje JVorld. Book II[.
f Chap
dtMELLi vide them with food. Thus the wild ney to fave its life, each of them believing
'695- monkeys come to eat what is provided the foul of fome of his kindred might be in
terrii
^^'^'^for them. Befides the prodigious num- that hen. In fliort, I faw him receive fome
money, and go on dill threatning the fame. natio
ber of birds and beads maintain'd there,
neigl
particular care is taken of the lame and Saturday the 2 2d, all the velFels from
lick. But that which moft amaz'd me, Diu, Cambaya, Barofce and other places, HifHiJt.fonfo
hi Itb. took
tho* I went thither to that purpole, was being come together to iail for Coa and
to fee a poor wretch naked, bound hands other dominions of Portugal, and the
"^ = 5'- piece
and feet, to feed the bugs or punaifes, galiots being ready t> convoy them, I
terwa
fetch'd out of their (linking holes to that again went aboard the fame that brought
purpofe. The bed of it is, that any man me. Sailing out of the mouih of the ri-
fhould volunurily expofe himfelf to be fo ver with a rair wind, we got into the o-
devour'd, for a unall reward given him, pen fea, and after lying by two hours
according to the hours he will continue for the fmall veffcls to go a head of us,
mm A f.joiinj
pk-ce of
under it.
Friday the 2 id, going home, after
walking about a-while, I faw abundance
we held on our courfe gently all night.
Sunday the 23d, at break of day, we
fbund our felves many miles from Damam
Mm
kiuvery.
of people got together before a Pagan and too late to hear maft. The galiots
merchant's mop, and in the nidd of them came to an anchor after noon without the
a jugling fellow with a hen in one hand mouth of the river, fome fmali barks go-
and a knife in the other. Inquiring into ing up it. I found father Francis ex-
the meaning of it, they told me, that man pefted me with impatience, who receiv'd
was a rogue, who when he had a mind to me with exprefTions of great affeftion.
get money, carry'd that hen through the Monday the 24th, I took leave of friends
ureets where the Gentiles liv'd, threatning that had been kind to me, there being an
to kill it, that they might give him mo- opportunity to imbark for Bazaim,
CHAP. III.
,''^ t
TTx* Author's Jhort Foyage to Bazaim, and Dejcription of that City,
HAving long fmce rcfolv'd to fee Goa, ground to <.jmmand it, a crooked path
on Tburfday the 25th, I caus'd my cut out of the mountain, along which two
baggage to be carry'd down to the fliore men cannot go abread, leads up to it, and
by Boes, fo they call porters in India, and is defended by feveral guards, who may
thence into a vefTel at Diu that carry'd withdand an army, only rolling down
oars, lying without the river, as the fa- the dones plac'd there to that purpole.
thers Francis and Conftantine had done. The wind continuing fair, we fail'd byA/-.i.
Having with them taken leave with the fort and village of Maim, and feve-
thanks of the prior and religious of ral other towers and dwellings, and then
the monadery, we went down to the by the little ifland De la Vaca, or of the
Ihore, and thence in a boat to the Na- cow, three miles in compafs, and not far
villo, which was a long boat of the didant from Bazaim. Much time being
A mon-
king's, with fix oars and a fquare fail in lod waiting for the barks, and Parancos llcr.
the middle, having one falconet aboard, that came under convoy and were mere
and feventeen Portuguefe and Canarine flugs, we could not reach Bazaim after
foldiers. At ebb, which fell out when feventy miles fail till midnight. Wc
the moon was vertical, we fet forwards came to an anchor before the channel
with the help of a fmall gale, and of form'd by the fmall idand and the con-
the tide that fet towards Bazaim ; for tinent, for fear of running a ground in
from the time the moon iird appears the dark, and Tburfday the 27th, went
above the horizon dill fhe conges to the in with the flood.
mid-heaven, the flood runs towards Su- There being no houfes of entertain-
ratte ; and when the moon goes down, ment in the city, we were receiv'd by fa- (libit .jf
towards Bazaim. ther Felicianus of the nativity, born at »<

Trupor fVednefday the 26th, at break of day Macao in the kingdom of China, and
town. we were olt the town and fort of Trapor, prior of the monadery of the ûguflim-
a place well inhabited, with monaderies ans, who treated us all very courtcoufly
of^ Dominicans and Recolets. Ten miles and like a true
:|iiil| from this the Portuguefe have another im- Bazaim, Achy
Portuguefe.
in thekingdomof C(7»ii(j-5,7..-
pregnable cadle call'd AJferim ; for be- ya is 19 deg. of latitude, aniKi;>
feated in
fides its being feated on the top of the 104 of longitude. Ntmo de Acuna in tlic
hill, where (here is no other higher year \rî'j rook it for king 'John of Portu-
g"-'.
i
iH.
I Chap. III. 0/ I N D O S T A N. ipi
gal,from Badar king of Cambaya, who, having long breeches down to their Gemelh
by the valour of the Portuguefe
terrify'd heels, fo that they need no ftockings. "^95-
nation, furrendercd it to them with the Inftead of fhoes they wear fandals like'-^^''^
neighbouring iHands ; whilft Martin Al- the friars.
H iff. Hi/I. fonfo de Sou/a, undauntedly attack'd and All the Gentiles bore their nofes to put The (7f«-
/a.i. lib.
took Damam and its fortrefs, cutting in rings through, as they do to the butfa-"'"-
"A-5'- pieces all the Turkijh garrifon, and af- Iocs in Italy. Every beggar, much more
terwards levelling the caftle with the thofe that are well to pafs, rubs his teeth
ground in three days. The compafs of every morning betimes with a ftick,
Bazaim is three miles, and has eight ba- and fpends two hours at that work,
ttions, not all quite finifh'd. On them I according to the cuftom of the coun-
faw fome pieces of cannon, with the arms try. They ule no quilts becaufe of the
of Philip IV. of happy memory, king of heat, but lay blankets and fheets on the
Spain. On the north fide the walls are bed, made of cords, without boards, .as
rampard, and the other fortifications are is us'd by the Perfians of Lar and Bander-
not yet finifh'd i on the fouth fide, towards Congo.
the channel, there is only a fingle wall, Monday the laft of the month, I went
that place being expos'd to the dan-
lefs with father Peter of the Martyrs to tiie
ger of enemies, and fufEcicntly defended village of Madrapur, to fee fome va^r.
by the ebb and flood. One third of the bond Moors, who vaulted and perfor-
city, towards the north, is unpeopled, by med feats of aftivity like our tumblers
reafon of the plague which fome years ra- and rope-dancers. The moft wonderful A won-
ges in it. The ftreets are wide and ilrait, thing was, to fee a man who turn'd ''"-''j''
'"'"'''"•
and the great fquare or market has good round upon a rine, held up by another
buildings about it. There are two prin- on his girdle ; and what moft amaz'd
cipal gates, one on the eaft and the other me was, that he who fupported the
the weft, and a fmall one towards the cane went on without putting his hands
channel or ftreight. The harbour is on to guide it, and he that was on the top
the eaft fide, form'd as was faid, by the of it did not help himfelf with his hancw
ifland and continent. neither, and yet the cane or bambao
The government is in a captain, as was thirty fpans high. At laft, after gi-
they him, or governor, and the ad-
call ving two skips in the air, he lighted on
miniftracion ofjuftice \na.Veedor, and the a very high beam, fix'd to that purpofe
Defembargador, who is a gown-man, and I know not how he could do all this
judge of appeals from all the Feeders of without fome fupernatural alTiftance.
the northern coaft ; along which in e- Tuefday the ifl of February, a melTen- m
very city there are faftors and trcafurers ger from the Nabab or governour of Su-
for the revenue of the crown of Portu- ratte came, in a Palanchine with thirty
gal. The Portuguefe general refides at foldiers, to treat about fome bufinefs
Bazaim, with fovei-eign authority over with the governour, and deliver'd him
the captain of that nd all the other nor- two letters.
thern places, whence he is call'd general Wednefday the 2d, I went in an AndoraThecnm.
of the north. of the monaftery to fee the Caffabo, which fy houici
A mon- Friday the 28th, I walk'd about the city is the only diverfion at Bazaim ; no- °^ ^''"
^'""''
llcr.
with the fathers, but faw nothing fo ex- thing appearing for fifteen miles but de-
re mere traordinary, as I aid on Saturday the 29th, lightful gardens, planted with feveral
Vn after
which was a Pagan born in India, who had forts of the country fruit-trees, as palm,
We an infant ftick;.".g faft to his navel, with fig, mangas, and others, and abundance
:hannel of fugar-canes. The foil is cultivated by
all his limbs perfedl except the head, which
le con-
was in the man's belly, and made its ex- Chriftian, Mahometan, and Pagan pea-
lend in crements apart like every other perfeft fants, inhabiting the villages thereabouts.
went creature. Whether the man or infant was They keep the gardens always green and
ftruck, they both felt the pain. fruitful, oy watering them with certain
lertain-
H.ibit of
Sunday tne 30th, mafs was fung at the engines; fo that the gentry, allur'd by
Iby fa-
Auguflimans with mufick, which being the cool and delightful walks, all have
(lie pco-
lorn at in India was not ditagreeable, and much
(Ic.
their pleafure-houfes at Cajfabo, to go thi-
and
gentry was there. The heat was grea- ther m the hotteft weather to take the
>'l
juftim- ter than at Damam ; fo that us well wo- air, and get away from the contagious
^
leoudy men as men, went about the ftreets na- and Carazzo, that
peftilential dileafe call'd
ked V the men covering their privities ufcs to infeft all the cities of the northern i*ilsl3
\amhiX- jt.,-.;
with a clout, and the women their bo- coaft. It is exadlly like a bubo, and fo
andii'j
dies and thighs with a piece of lin- violent, that it not only takes away all
in the
I
nen. The people of flifnion, at that means of preparing for a good end, but
"orlu-
time, wear filk and very thin muflins, in a tew hours depopulates whole cities,
M
ipd ^ /'bjMgtf ro««</ the World. Boo K I.
Ichap. ]
GcMELLi as witncfs i3dmAOT, Bazaim, Tana,

^ttrj//^, was a wedding of people of quality at the
""'J- and other places, which often fuffer un- church of our lady de la Vida, I went to
I
^'"^'^^ckr this cilamity. fee the ceremony. I obfcrv'd the bride-
In this territory of Cajfabo I faw the groom did not give his bride the right
fu'âr-canes prels'd between two great hand, and thinking it an extravagant i
tbe
Wooden about by oxen,
rbulers, turn'd cuuom, as being only by crown'd us'd
whence (hey came out throughly [quecz'd. heads, I ask'd the rcaibn of it of fome
Then the juice is boii'd in cauldrons, and Portuûefe ; who told me the fame was
being fet out to cool at night in earthen praftis'd in Portugal, and this that the
velTels it hardens into white fugar. gentleman might have his '-ight hand at
Tburfday the 3d, I went to vifit the liberty, to put to his fword in defence of an exa
image of our lady De los Remedios, (land- the lady. The briile was richly clad, greatef
ing in a (jarifli-church belonging to the after the French fafliion but fome trum-
•,
caufe
Dominicans, oh the road to Caffabb. About pets went along, founding fuch a dolcfitf Alexan
five years fince this church was burnt by tone, as little diffcr'd from that they ulo ordinal
ftiip,
Kacagi, a Gentile, fubjeft to the Great in condudifig criminals to execution. I
Mogul, who with a great multitude of returned to the monaftery in the Andora ken I
out-laws, and four thousand foldicrs, and here it Is to be obferv'd, that the moft a(
to Ell
went abolit like a rover, plundering and manner of liUuting thofe they meet, when
burning villages. Thence I went to fee they are carry'd in this fort of convc-
much
Italian,
another miraculous image of our Lady de niency, in Italy would be uken for an
Mcrce, in a fmall church founded and writ of
affront, and laugh'd at ; for in token of
that fo
fcrv'd by an Auguftinian, who did the refpeft they ftiut to the little door of the
of curate. Andora upon them. This in Naples would la Valle
office
Friday the 4th, I faw the church of the certainly produce a duel, and in India is god, an(
7'>//'.
in India call'd Pduliftai. It is done out of rcfpedl even to the vice-roy antiquit
"Jffuits,
richly gilt, not only ^h^ three chappels, himfelf. few ie:i(
vell'd
but the walls and arch ; but the work- Friday the iith, I heard mafs in the f
men knew not how to make that rich parilli-cmirch of our lady da Se, where thing of
fatisfy f
metal fliew itlelf to the bed advantage. there arc feveral altars, and two chap-
I fpar'd
The dormitory and cloifter are the belt pels.
fee all,
ll 1: in the city. In the garden, befides the There are no dodlors of law the civil
;
Tavernit
Indian, there are fome fort of European- throughout the Portuguefe dominions in
not to ie
fruit 1 and among the rert figs and grapes, India, and thofe few Canarins, who fol-
pal end
which the father reftor told me came to low this employment, through tlieir ig-
and tlier
maturity twice a year, that is, in Decem- norance prove bad advocates, or coun-
ces wheri
ber and March. cellors, and follicitors, and fometimes
Saturday the 5th, I \ ifited the mona- plead both for plaintif and defendant.
make n
Dimini-
feveral
ftcry of the Dominicans, with the famous Befides, for the moft part, caulcs are de-
not to fe
dormitory. The church was large and cided by ignorant captains or governors
by them
had but three altars, as we laid was us'd without the approbation of an afTefTor.
G^v:.,n.ul I had '
in India, oppofite to the great gate, and This happens for want of an univerfity
ullij;'.-. over fror
all well adorn'd. and colleges to teach the law and be- *,
fithers 1
Fr.iniif-
Sunday the 6th, I heard inafs in the caufe the Portuguefe doftors will not go
faying, i
church of the Mlfericordia, which is the fo far from their country, by reafon of
cordingl;
parilh of the city ; ancf continuing to vi- the little profit they (hould make in In-
1 went o'
fit came on Monday the 7th to
ciiurches, dia. Father Felicianus the prior, undcr-
in the id:
that of the Francifcans. Both church and ftanding thai I was a doftor of the civil
fcatter'd
monaftery are built after the manner of law, on Saturday the 12th, propos'd a
on the tc
Europe, the church having many chap- match to me with a portion of 20000
lord of
pels, contrary to the cuftom of India. pieces of eight, and with a promife that
on the f
Hofpiul Tuefday the 8th, I heard mafs in the pa- I fhould be advocate to the monafteries,
beiongin]
Icr9, rilli of our lady de la Vida, where there and to Ibme families of note, wliich would
Goa, fix
are three very good altars well adorn'd. yield about 600 pieces of eight a year.
tiier Edi
The monaftery of the fathers, hofpital- Having no inclination to live in thofe hot
to thofe
lers, or St. John de Diof, where I was on countries, I anfwcr'd, that tho' he hail
on accou
Monday the 9th, is fo poor, that it can otfer'd mc 1 00000 pieces of eight por-
I had fro
maintain but three friars. tion, I fhould never be induc'u to quit
Being
Tburfday the lOth, undcrftanding there Europe for ever.
brought
and I, w
tlrank a j
terwards
c nA p to mind,
dreds of
\'0L.
»K I 1 Chap. IV. 0/ I N D O S T A N. m
,; CHAP. IV.
The Defcription of the Pagod in the IJland of Salzcte, b;j the Portuguefe caWd
the Canarin.
TH E rin,
Pagod or temple of the Cana-
whereof I intended to give
peels,
fo many
and perhaps diflodg'd the
dead idolaters refiding in
fouls ofGEMEi.ii
thofe '^''5-
O"*''^
an cxiift and true account, is one of the little bodies. I therefore refus'd the other,
grcateft wonders in Afta ; as well be- with thanks, defiring him to keep that
caufe it is look'd upon as the work of fweet-meat, which was as old as the vil-
jllexander the Great, as for its extra- lage, to treat fome other guell ; becaufe
ordinary and incomparable workman- I would not upon any account, be guil-
(hip, which certainly could be underta- ty again of fuch a flaughter of ants.

ken by none but Alexander. What I After poor refrefhment I went to A church
this
mod admire is, that it is almoft unknown the village of Monopojfer, a mile diftant, in» ''»'''•
to Efiropeam \ for tho' I Iiave made to fee a church under ground, former-
much enquiry,I do not find that any ly a Pagod cut in the rock, on which
Italian., or other European traveller has ftands the college and monaftery of
writ of it i and it is very ftrange to me the Franc'ifcans. It is a hundred fpans
that fo ingenious a man as our Peter de long, and in bre.idth thirty. The fide-
la V(dlc Ihould omit to fee both this Pa- walls, as has been faid, are of the natu-
god, and the palace of Darius, with the ral rock, and only the fiont is made by
antiquities of Cclmonar, that were but a art. Clofe by is another Pagod cut in
the rock, formerly fervinj^ '
few leagues out of his way, fince he tra- : their ido- • 1'
vell'd for his pleafurc, and made no- latrous worfhip.

thing of fpending th-iufands of crowns to Thechurch and monaftery are like all
fatisfy his curiofity.Tho* a poor man, the reft in India. Five religious men
I fpar'dno coil or labour, that I miîit live there, to whom the king of Por-
fee all, and inform the publick. As for tugal allows 200 Murais of rice, all I
1
Tavernier, it is no wonder he minded which they give to the poor, except on-
not to fee thefe things, becaufe his princi- ly as much as ferves for their own fufte- • (
pal end was trade, and buying of jewels, nance. One of thefe fathers does the
and therefore he only went to thofe pla- office of a curate, in the village of CaJ/i,
ces where his bufinefs lay, and he could two miles diftant, and has a good dwel-
make mod profit ; and tho' he made ling there. On the mountain near the
feveral voyages to India, he minded faid college is another hermitage, with a
not to fee antiquities, tho' he pafs'd clofe chappel. •
by them. Returning to Deins, father Edward told

G^r~.,in.ul ' had a mind to go to Tana, and pafs me, that tho' he had us'd all I.;: endea-
niiig.-. over from thence to the Pagod; but the vours, he could not find men to carry
fithers vifitor and prior difluaded me, me in an Andora, for his people were
faying, it was better going by Deins. Ac- fled, and there were no others at Mono-
cordingly 5tt«(/rt)' the 13th, hiring a boat, f offer
i by which, perceiving that the fa-
1 went over to the village of Gormandel, ther v/as an exception of the general civi-
in the ifland of Salzete. The houfes are lity of the Poriuguefe, I was forc'd to take
fcatter'd on both fides of the mountains, up with an ill houle.
on the top whereof is the palace of the AftfWfjy the 14th, the owner, who was
lord of the village. 1 went thence up- a Pagan, brought me the horfe very
on the ftreight to the village of Deins, late, becaufe none of them goes out of
belonging to the nuns of St. Monica at his houlc, till he has pcrform'd his ido-
Goa, fix miles didant from Bazaim : Fa- laci'ousceremonies, and tliinking to take
«
ther Edward, an Auguftinian, procurator fome meat before I let out, good
little
I
to thofe nuns, receiv'd me into his houfe, fparing father Edward told me the bread
on account of a letter of recommendation was not come yet ; and I anfwering I pH.
I had from the fiuher vifitor. would fend to buy fome, he reply'd it
Being iiot and dry, father Edward was not yet bak'd i and I might dine in
brought out two citron peels preferv'd ; a village half way. Defiring him further
and 1, without confidering, eat one, and to appoint fome peafant to fhew me the
drank a great glafs of water ; but he af- Pagod, becaufe the QentiL- knew not the
terwards offering me the other, I call'd way well, he would neither fend a coun-
A p.
to mind, had fw,allow'ddownfome hun-
I try-man, nor one of his fcrvanrs where- -,
dreds of pifmires, which covcr'd the faid upon I let out in danger of Icfing my
Vol. IV. Ddd way
194 jd yôyage round the lôrld. Book I. I Chap. 1
GsMELii way for wani of a guide, travelling on fix fpans h'gh, of which the middlemoll
fruit-l
'^5' a mountain full of monkeys, tygers, is the biggeihThirty four fpans above
infant
L/~\,'>Jlyoris^ and other wild beufts and ve- the ground, fame place, is fuch
in the
Be;
nomous creatures. Coming to the vil- another grot. It is no eafy matter to con-
front,
lage, where I defign'd to eat, I found ceive what the ufc of all this was.
rod
nothing but a little rice half boil'd in Advancing ten paces towards the the fi
fair water the place confiding of on-
•, right, I law a for: of grot, open on
lame
ly four cottages in the thickeft of the two fides, twenty four fpans in length, •I head;,
wood i (o that I went on falling. By and fifteen in breadth, over which was i
T them.
the way I met ftrange birds. Some a round cupola fifteen fpans high, and On
were green, and as big as a thrulh, and ten wide, with a fquare cornidi, like of the
fang very well j others bigger, black that about the grot. Here there is an throug
as velvet, and with vaft long tails •,
idol cut in the rock, in half-relief, a wal
others red and green 1 fome black and which feems to hold ibmething in its
\
long,
green i as big as a turtle-dove, and hand, but what it is docs not appear. there
many more never feen in Europe ; there The cap it has on, is like that of the hand
were an innumerable company of
alio doge of yniice. By it ftand two ila- a roun
parrots, and monkeys, and apes, with tues in a fubmifllve pofture, as if they in whi(
very long tails, leaping from tree to were fcrvants. They have conical, or ny fta
I tree. fugar-loaf caps on. Over their heads and on
After riding eight miles through the are two fmall figures, like the angels reft,
thick wood, we knew not where the we paint in the air i below two little pola,
Pagod w.is, or what way to take to find ftatues, holding their hands on a ftaff, pillar
it. It pleas'd providence, we happened and two children by their fides, with charad
to meet with fome naked Pagan wo- their hands put together, as if they can eve
men, carrying loads of wood, who put pray'd ; on their backs
ibmething likeis porch
us into the road. Being come to the a piece of wood. Clofc by is another fquare,
foot of the rock, I was worfe puzzled round cupola all of one Hone, and fha- lumns 1
for want of fome body to hold my ped like the other, but the top of it is tals, ar
horfe, the Idolater being to guide me broke. Both this and tlie otiier are fup- upon
thorough the labyrinth of fo many Pa- pos'd to have been fepulchers of tlit are two
gods. A: lafl: I found a pcafant wander- antient Gentiles ; but there is no ground on the I
ing about the mountain, and giving him to make this out, no opening appear- Beyond
the horfe to hold, I climb'd the bare ing to put in the bodies or afhes ; but of a gr
craggy rock with the idolater, at the top on the contrary it is vifible they are great ft
whereof, on the calt fide, the great Pa- not hollow within, but only cut withone anot
god is hewn out, with other fmall ones out, in the fhape of cupola's. About big ftati
by it. this fecond, there are four great figures right of

The won- The firft piece of workmanfliip that carv'd in half-relief, holding in the left- veral litt
acrtul of two large columns,
/'.'appears, cbnfifts hand fomething like a garment, and the the fpac(
s:'.l
two fpans high, the third part of them fame fort of caps on their heads, with the adjo]
from the bottom upwards is fquare, the fmall figures at their feet, and two fpans fqu
middle part odangulai, and the top above. Oppofite to them, there are three ferving.
round. Their diameter they is fix fpans ; little ones fitting, and fix other large lyons ai
are fifteen fpans diftant from one an- ones, and three of a midling fize {land- two larg
other, and each of them eight from the ing, all cut in the rock after the fame deftals.
rock, which is cut after the fame man- manner : But that in the middle, which Hence
ner. Thefe columns fupport a ftone ar- feems to be the idol, in its left hold.- a thirty fp:
chitrave forty four fpans long, four in tree with fruit on it. On tiie other fide that in t
thicknefs and eight in breadth ; cut like there are fixteen figures, all fitting with thofe on
the reft out of the fame rock. Thefe both hands on their brealls, and the fame into ano
three portico's lead into a fort of hall caps; one of them feems to be fupe- arc four
or pafiage-room four fpans long, cut in rior to the reft, becaulc there arc two ftanding
the fime rock. At the end of it are figures ftanding by its (ide, and two five wine
three doors, one fifteen fpans high, and children above. god. On
eight in breadth, which is the middle- At a fmall diftancc
northward is a there are
moft, and two others four fpans fquare little grot eiglit fpans fquare, and in ir,
m on the fides, which are the way into a as it were a bed of the lame ftone, four
lower place. Over thefe doors is a cor- fpans broad, and eight loni^. On tiic
nifli four fpans bro.id, of the fame (lone ; other frontifpiece is a Itaiuc fitting on its
over which, thirty fpans above the legs, after the manner of the call, wiih
ground, there are otlier fuch doors, or the hands together on the brcall ; and
windows cut in the rock. At the fame another ftanding with the branch of a
t-v height, there are little grots, or dens, fruit-
m
BookL 1 Chap. IV. 0/ I NDOST A N. 195
fruit-tree in its hand, and above a wing'd in their cars pendents after the Indian Gt\itiu
fafhion. ""'?
infant.
Beyond the gror, and on the Cime the entrance of the great gate of'-^'^
At
tront, which runs fixty fpans within the the Pagod, which is fifteen fpans high, and
roc! , there are two ftatues fitting after ten in breadth, there are on the right
the lime manner, their hands plac'd the four ftatues ftanding, one of which is a
lame way, with conical caps on their woman holding a flower in her hand i
head;, and two like fervants (landing by and twelve other lefs, fome fitting and
them. fome ftanding, with their hands on their
On the fame fide is the famous Pagod breafts, and lomething in them. On the
of the Canarin. The entrance to it is left two where-
are four other ftatues,
through an opening forty fpans long, in of are women, with large rings about
a wall of the fame ftone, fifty fpans their ankles of the fame ftone, and fix-
long, and eight fpans thick, on which teen ftatues on their fides,
little Ibme
there are three ftatues. On the right- fitting,fome ftanding, and fome with
hand before you go into the Pagod, is their hands on their breafts, as was
a round grot, above fifty fpans about, laid before. Over the faid door there
in which, round the wall, there are ma- are other two great ones, and as many
ny ftatues fitting, and fome ftanding, oppofite to them, with three little ones
and one on the left, is bigger than the ftanding. On the left liand within, is
reft. In the middle rifes a round cu- another infcription in the fame chara-
pola, cut out of the fame rock, like a cter over the arch of tiiis door is a
:
pillar of the fame ftone, with fcveral window forty fpans wide, which is the
charafters carv'd about it, which no man width of the Pagod, with a ftone like
can ever explain. Going into the firft an architrave in the middle, fupport-
porch of the Pagod, which is fifty fpans ed on the infide by two oiflangular pil-
fquare, there are on the fides two co- lars.
lumns fixty fpans high, with their capi- The Pagod is arch'd, forty fpans in
tals, and fix fpans diameter. On that breadth, and one hundred in length,
upon the right hand coming in, there and rounded at the end ; befides the four
are two lyons, with a fliield by them ; columns at the entrance, there are thir-
on the other upon the left two ftatues. ty more within, which divide it into
Beyond tliefe columns, at the entrance three ifles ; feventeen of them have ca-
of a grot, on the left, there are two pitals, and figures of elephants on them,
great ftatues ftanding, and looking at tiie reft are ynd plain. The
'xftangular
one another. :
'''
further in are two vaft fpace between columns and the
the
big ftatues on the left, and one on the rock, that is, the breadth of the fide-
right of the door, all ftanding, with fe- ifles is fix fpans. At the end of the
veral little flatues by them, only within Pagod, there is a fort of round cupola,
the fpace of that porch for going into •, thirty fpans high, and fixteen of my
the adjoyning grot, which is twenty four paces about, cut in the fime rock, but
fpans fquare, there is nothing worth ob- not hollow within. I believe it fcrv'd
ferving. On the right hand, where the for fome ufe, which we being ignorant
lyons are, there are no ftatues, but of the antient cuftoms of thofe times,
two large velTels upon convenient pe- cannot guefs at. I know not whatjudo--
lame deft.als. ment Portugui'ff authors make of
it, bc-
which Hence there doors

are three equr.l caufe their books are fcarce at Naples
lolti.- a thirty fpans high, and eight br rad, but but they, it is certain, are well acquaint-
\CT lide that in the middle even with 'he floor, ed with it, the vice-roys themfelves fome-
ig with thofe on the fides five fpan-: above it, times coming from Gon to fee it ; yet it
ic lame into another plain place. Here there is moll likely they ould never difcover
•
llipe- arc fourcolumns twelve fpans high, the truth.

two ftanding on the rock it fclf, between the All that has been hitherto defcrib'd,
I two five windows that give light to the Pa- is cut in the very rock, without any ad-
god. On the right fide of the door any thing that
dition to the ftatues, c:
is a there are fome unknown letters worn with may But on the floor of the
be parted.
in it, age, as is all the reft of the work. In Pagod there are feveral hew'd ftone?,
four this place, on the fides, befides feveral which perhaps fervM for fteps to fome
)a the fmall figures, there are two vaft ftatues ftrufture.
on its
of giants ftanding, above twenty five Coming out of the Pagod, and afccn-
with fpans Ihewing their right hands
high •, ding fifteen fteps, all cut in the .ock,
and open, and holding a garment in the 1 found two ciflcrns of rain-water, good
of a left, on their heads the fame caps, and to drink ; and as m.iny fteps above
thiic- that,
'
P n
tl
196 ji Voyage round the WwU. Book I. 1 Chap. AI
GiMiLLi that, a g»t)t fixteen I'pans fquare, and a Dcfcending from that great height, cut in
tor wli
'695- great one further on with much water fifteen fteps cut in the rock, there it
^^'^'"^llanding in it. Mounting twenty paces a little Pagod, with a porch before it
we ru|l
lings (|
higher, I found another grcc twenty thirtyfoot fquare, which leads into it
poiteil
fpns fquare, which led to another of through three doors, between which
the fame dimenfions, and that into one there are two fquare pilafters. On the made
dcr lL\
of twelve. In the firft was a rifing win- left hand there arc four ftatues ; two
ligion.
dow with fteps to it cut in the rocic, with fitting, and two lefs in the middle ftand-
On the right hand a little open Dclcj
two columns ncra fmall ciltern. ing.
At z fmall diftance from thefe grotts grott, and another Pagod, with a ci- mounul
is another Pagod, with a handfomc plain ftern before it, the way into which is
mach,
will, a|
place before it, and little walls about firft, through a door ten fpans in height,
hungcr.l
to fit down, and a cillern in the mid- and fix in breadth, into a room twen-
of mon|
dle. Five doors cut in the rock lead ty fpans fquare ; which has on the right
to kill
into the fi'rll arch ; and between them another very dark room twelve fpans
hurt thl
arc four odangular pillars , all but the fquare, which makes the Pagod fome-
p.iIm-trJ
middle door arc two fpans above the what dark. In the midft whereof is a
one gri-J
ground. On the fides of this arch, round cupola of one folid piece, fifteen
which abroad tl
whofe length is the breadih of the Pa- fpans higli, is the height of the
Ncir
god, that is, eight fpans, there are on Pagod. E)efcending upright fteps,
fifty [
gives it!
the left feveral ir^fjes /Effing, like thofe there is in the rock,
a plain fjiace cut
fcril.'d,
abovementiopcd, and others «in the right •."hich is not very hard, and eight odlan-
witli fcvi
Handing. All about the frontifpiice gu'ar columns twelve fpans high, which
whic'
there ari many fitting and ftandine, lea'e nine intervals to afcend five fteps
no way different from the reft alreidy tha: lead into an arch. In this place
defcrib'J. Then there are :hree doors on the left fide, which is ten fpans, is
to the Pagod, that in the middle twelve a gr-at idol fitting bare-headed ; two
ipans high, and fix in breadth, the other gicui. ftatues ftanding, and fome
two 01 the fides ten fpans high, and fmall ones ; on the right fide two other
four broad. The Paged is fixty fpans ftatues fitting, and two ftanding, be-
il'jUjre, no way proportionable, being fides many little ones alx)ut them. Then
hut twelve fpans high. On both the the way into the Pagod is through three
fides, and ove the entrance, there are doors, twelve fpans in height, and fix
above four hundred figures great and in breadth, with two windows over them.
fmall, carv'd, fome fitting, fome ftand- The Pagod a hundred fpans in length,
is
•A \ • '. .
ing, like thofe before fpoke of i but two fifty in breadth, and ten in height. A-
on the right bigger than the reft are bout it runs an arch eight f|)ans broad,
ftanding, as is that in the middle of the with ten Iquare columns. Here are four
frontifpiece, which is of the biggeft idol rooms or grotts, twelve foot fquaie ;
and another on the left in the fame po- befides feven in the front, and left fide
fture i but all worn with age, which of the Pagod, where the ciftern is
deftroys every thing. On both fides there al! which I fuppos'd to be rooms for
are two grotts fourteen fpans fquare, the priefts of the temple. In the niche
my.y.. with a low wall within two fpans above

the ground.
of it, which is ten foot fquare, is a
great idol fitting, with two ftatues ftand-
Going up ten fteps further north- ing, and another fitting on the left, by
ward is a grott, and within that an- which alfo there are two ftatues ft;',nd-
other lefs. On the right is another like ing, and feveral fmall figures in half-
it, with another little one within it, in relief about it. Afcending ten fpans over
which is a low wall like thofe before- againft it is a little grott, fupported by
mention'd. The great one is about twen- two fmall columns, ten fpans high. There
ty fpans in length, and ten in breadth •, is a door ten fpans high, and four in
the other ten fquare, and all of them breadth out of it, into a room or grott
with fmall cifterns. On the right fide fixteen fpans fquare, and thence in-
isanother of the fame bigncfs, with two to another of twelve, where there is a
fmall pillars before it, two little grotts, large idol fitting, holding his liands on
and tnree cifterns, one on the right, his breaft.
and two on the left and another ad-
-, Then defcending twenty fteps there is
joyning to it, with another within it, and a plain fpace, whence four fteps on the
a ciftern of the fame dimenfions of the left le.id up into an arch, where there
other. It is likely thefe were the dwel- arc four pilafters twelve fpans high,
lings of the priefts of the Pagod, who the diftances between which are the way
rd,:'.; -i.;
> ..
I'
there led a penitential life, as it were in into three little rooms cut in the rock.
a Pagan Tbebaida. Twenty fteps lower there are other grotts
cut
ir All ft 1
0/ I N D O S T A N, ^^97
cut in tlic rock, with fmall cillcrns, but walk'd about a long time, without think- GiMti i.i
tor wliat ule cannot be imagin'd, unlefs ing of me j at length, two hours and "^^^
'-^'^«'^^
we luppofe all thcle cavities were dwcl- a half after it was night, came to the
linj^s i)t the It is only re-
idolaters. dark room. I hearing a noife between
ported, wonderful work was
That this fleeping and waking, and not li^cing
mule wit!) a vail cxpcncc, by Alexan- who was, ask'il.
it Who
was there ? and
ilcr the GrCiit, wiio was ol' the fame re- he very foberly anfwcr'd, Truly, Sir,
ligion. I did not think you were here i^tiio' we
Dclcending from tlie high rock, I talk'd together when I came inro the
mounted a horlchack, with a good (lo- village) and being told I had eaten no-
mach, having filled that day againll my tiiing but a little bread, he order'd the
will, and made hade away to fatisly cloth to be laid. This word made me
hunger. By the way I law abundance hope I have fomething good to
fhould
of monkeys, and apes, and being about lecovcr my faint Ipirits when I fiw •,
to kill one, the pagan pray'd me not to two plates of fmall iVy'd fiflies appear,
hurt them. Near the road were two and that which had the leall was lit be-
palm-trees, rifing out of the trunk of fore me, the other with the larger be-
one gre.it tree five I'pans, and fprv ling . fore the father. I was twice about
abroad tiieir fruitful branches. changing plates with him, but modclly
Near the village ot Canarin, which prevail'd, and I arm'il my felf with pa-
gives its name to the Pagod here de- tience. After fuppcr father Edward kept
K:ril)'d, is a rock a hundred paces about, me up till niid-i.ight, with a thoufand
witii feveral grotts and cifttrns under it, idle tales, not fitisty'd that he had fpcnc
which might formerly be dwellings the •, three hours in a needlels chat with the
aniicnt Cii.liles atieiling to have their peaiants ; and I having given him the
habitations in rocks, to lave the ex- hearing againll my will, at lall fell a-
pence of materials in building. On the lleep without making any anfwer. When
call fide, before the largclt grott, is a lawak'd, finding he w.is gone, I llripp'd
great idol fitting, witli his hands a-crofs apace, and went to bed, quite fpent with
on his legs. hunger and wcarinefs, williiii^ for the
Returning to Dt-iiis, I met father Ed- next day, that I might fiy from that
ward of St. yl/iloiiy walking. He, in- wretched place.
llcad of getting me fometliing to eat, be- The illand ^.i/ii-/^-, in which the afore- s,,'-,„
gan to difcourle after an odd manner faid Pagod is featcd, is about feventy iil.ina._
inquiring concerning particulars of the miles in compafs, twenty in length, and
Pagod ; but I left him to prate by him- fifteen in breadth. Being very low, it
felt, telling him it was not time to talk is cut by feveral channels running in
upon an empty belly. Alighting, and from the ki ; but there are high mour
going up to my chamber, the firll thing tains in it cover'd with trees. The
I laid to the Icrvant of the houfe, was foil is very fruitful, and produces abun-
to nsk him, Whether there was any dance of fugar-cancs, rice, and fruit •,
thing to eat. He told me there was

IS i
fuch as Mangos, Cocos, Tranfulms, Giac-
for
none and bidding him go fetch me a
-, charas. Tamarinds, Ananas, Papas, and
niche
bread at lead, he fet before me a
little other which Ihall be defcrib'd
forts,
is 3 fmall loaf, with the fime citron peels elfewhere. Ther'* arc in it feveral vil-
(land-
cover'd with pifmires, thefe vermin lea- lages of poor wretched Gentiles, Moors,
by ving nothing untouch'd in India ; for and Chrillians, living houfes
in built
,nd-
which rcafon the fome with wattles over with mud,
half-
prcferves,
whofe feet
fet
are in
them
Indians.,
under a
wooden bowls
to fave
table,
full of
and cover'd
leaves.
crulled
with
or palm-tree
flraw,
They go naked, both men and
m
water, to keep them oil'. I made but women covering their privities with a
two mouth-fulls of the bre.id ; yet had clout, and their breafls with another,
not the courage to do fo by the fwect- or clfe with a fliort jerkin that does
meat, which I fancy was made when not reach below the navel, leaving the
in-
Hrft prcferving w.is invented and •, there- arms, thighs, and legs bare. On their
is a fore I bid the fervant keep that rarity arms they wear bracelets of filver and
s on from the pifmires, againll his mafler glafs, and thick filver rings about the
had fome other Hanger to entertain. legs. The peaiants are worfe tlian v.'f-
ere is
The worfl of it was, the wretched fals to the lords of the vill.iges ; for
•
li;
n the village alTorded nothing for money to they are bound to or to
till the land,
there fatisf'y hunger, and therefore being fpent farm as much as may pur them in a
high, with wcarinefs and falling, I lay down condition to pay the landlord thus -,
way on the bed, cxpcifling fuppcr. Father like Haves they fly from one village to
ock, EJ:vivd, ill the mean while, hiving another, and their landlords bring them
rotts Vol. IV. Ece back
cut
198 yj Voyage round the World Book I. Chap.
CtMiLi.i bark by force. They generally pay for ing Patod of the elephant cut out of Ab.itl>»- 'III
'^5-their lamf, four, fix, or twelve Moran the folid rock. rnui """'went
^"^"^^ôi rice, fo i.illM when ihc hink in otf, Tuefday the iCjih, ai foon ,is ever diy ''" roy.
'
'1.1
; t
(I
I,
*
anil ^'<llt when it is on, which is the Ix'gan to apjx'ar I fet out. C'omiiig to
way they ufiially ileliver it. A Morais (.iormandei, I found no bo.it to c.irry me
is twenty five Paras, anil the Para twenty over to Bd.'.iim, and going further, I
four |)oiini!s.S'/i(»«(^ mcalures the Por/ii-

•, law f^- l(*tling out ; tlnrefore running
pirlir i:li' for iirovilioni, as they ilo the d }• me Inore, I mado (igns to the
Cin<(tlo, for lon^ meaCure. If the ])ea- in it to lonie back,
ind Gentiles
fants take the l.mii to till in the place ot a. lake me
aboard, whii h tiiey refu-
their abode, tluy pay no other duty to fing, rather than Iw left to endure more
king or l.indloid 'iho' Ionic cxa^l (ome hariKhip on the fhore, I n^ ide ufe of
days of |)erli)n il lervice ;; Init thole that the Portuguefe authority, making as if
•|| •
!,(
hold in fee, jKiy ,in iiniioliiion aetording I would fire at them with my gun,
to what they are worth, every four which they jH-rcciving, came about to
monilis, to the king's t.iftors or treafii- t.ike me up. I went over to Bazaim, I
rers, refuling in all the northern cities. and Ixing ask'il by the f.ither's vifitor,
Theli- vill.igts are given in Ice to foldicrs and |)rior how t'.ither Edward h.id treated
who hive liTv'd long 1 or to other jwr- me, I anfwer'd their recommendation
lons that iiave well deli rv'd of the crown, had but an ill ellei^t and they dcliring
•,
for three lives, after which they general- to hear all particulars, I took out my
ly endeavour to renew i but to the church Iiocket book, and read to them all that
'.!1 '.:•!
they ari- given tor ever. las been here liiid concerning fitlier EJ-
Bmiiii'-i. liclidcs lij many villages, there are in ward's ill ufage. The fitiiers laughM
this ill.ind I'ever.d plai es of conli-quence ; heartily, but were inw.irdly much dif-
and among the rell and for-
the city pleasM, that his extravagant behaviour
trcl's of Humhiiim, which is levcral miles tboulil blemidi the reputation ot the
about. It is parted from Saizete by a Porluguefe civility.
channel, whicii at low water is forda- ffêdne/day the idtli, the --ount de Fdla
ble. This ifland was given by the king /'erde,viceroy of Jiulia, Jailing by with
of Portugal, in dower to queen Cathe- four great thips, and ten linall ones to-
rine of Eiiglaiitl, ami accordingly th.it wards /);//, vifiting the northern coaft,
king has been poflilVd of it, ever fincc the city faluted him with all its can-
the year 166.'.. I'here are alfo in Sal- non. I le anfwer'd
with fevcn guns,
xetc the forts ot Handora, and ycrfava and the cityagain lir'd round. By the
T;,,,,.
with their villages ; .is alfo Tana, about way he had gain'd a vidory over the
which there arc five fmall forts garri- /irahs of Mafia.'e, after this manner.
fon'd and turnifh'd with cannon. The Theli; barbarians difcovcring the Portu-
country, tho' ojxn, is excellent good guefe rtiins, llranded three of fheir vef-
for India, and has three moiiafterics of tels the bay and river of Zanghifara,
in
Dominicans, Aiijiujlinians, and liecokts. being in the territory ot Savagi, and

Jt is famous for calicoes, no place in the carrying off in the night what was moH
Portuzticfe dominions exceeding it in this valuable in two of them, fortify'd the
particular, even for table-lcrvice. Kighi third, planting cannon on the Inorc to
years fincc one brother kill'd another at ilefcnd it. The Porlu^nefe could not at-
Tana, about the polfefTion of a village. tack them on the fime day, liccaufe k
The Jcfuils are tioflcfs'il of the beft part was late ; but the next morning, being
of this ifland of Salzete, having almoft the 25th of Janttary, fell on, and whilit
all the 'lint that looks towards the eaft,
'
the fire fet to theni by the Arabs thcm-
and the ^^hannel of Bazaim \ and it is re- felvcs burn'd the other two vetTcIs, they
jiorted tor a certain truth, that they have run in with eight long-boats full of men,
more revenues in Indiii, than the king of becaufe the great fhips could not come
Portugal. up, and after a long fight, and much
Fro m Bazaim to Tana, and from Ta- blood fpilt in the attack of the third
na to Bombaim runs a ch.mnel of fldt vcfTel, and Arabs on the thorc, they
water, in fome places half a mile over, boarded, and made themfelves maftcrs
in others more or Icfs and becaull- ; of her, cutting in pieces fome hundred
near Goadel, it runs through the midfl of barbarians. They took in her four-
of a rock, the Purtuguefc generally lay, teen thoufand Roupies, and thirty picas
Jo. Bnpt. That /lUxander the Great, coming, as of cannon. Only four Portugucfe were
^"'- fome will have it, feveral times to Ba- kill'd in the aft ion, and twenty wound
I'ni bI- ^'""'' caufed the rock to be cut through cd ; and lb great a number ot the ene-
zaim. to give a paflage to tiie water ; and my, that the river and thorc were all
that it was he who had the neighbour- dy'd with their blood.
The
Book (.J Chap. IV. 0/ I NDOSTA N. 199
A biiKi- return ol foine Dnall veflcis th.ii
'I'he neral with a back flroak rippM opcnCiMiin
rum niur'yy^.pf ^^^ t.irry rcficlliinents to the vicc- his iK-lly, whereof he dy'd at night. ''"'<
'''•'
roy, brought us certain iiitrlhL',en(e ot Mtubado iKitig ready to expire, drcw'*'^^*'^
the murder of Anion) Miubudo ,lc Unto, near to the Piilainhinr, anil titling his
aihnir.il of the Portiipii'ff fleet, which jicruke to lights the bell he could, laid
hiippened onthe {oth of December, i<>y4. Iiimtelfin ic. The iminlerers fearing
after h- h.iil behavM himlflf witli un- he might yet live, one of clw m who
uirallcHM l)ravery ajâinl'. his enemies. was a iirieft, came with a blunderbuls
I lis fharp tongue had gain'd liim the in his hand to make an end of him ,
ill will of almolt all tlic gentry of d'oa, but him ready to bre.ith our his
fr(ii)g
and al()^t^ the coall, l)Ut more jnirticii- foul, wheiiier he would make his
ask'il
laily of the f!imily of Mela, whii h was confeHioii. The .ulmiral <.dlM him '/rw,
1)owcrfuI in kimlred, arwl great f>y birth, and bid him go about his bii(iiirfs. Af-
lis alt'ronti Ix-coming iiifiipjxjrtahie, terwards Di/minitiimomm^ to jiim, he
:\
they confpir'd to the number of fifty pave ti^',ns of re|)iiuantc, and gr.ifp-
to murder him, and having agreed on ing his hands, dy'd with thele words,
ilie time, place, and manner of cxe- 1br Htooil of Chrijl five mr. They found
cuiing their deCiiin, tliey made fcveral in his bread .diout thirty bi .s where- '
•,
loop-holes in the houl'es of the quar- upon |)e()|]|c ailmiring his v.ilour, laid,
ter .md pari 111 of .St. Peter, that they he mult ne'.'ds have more vit.d fpirits
mif^ht Ihoot him witii more lafety. '1 he
geiier.d, or i-.uher admiral pcH'wading

iiimlclf, that (gentlemen could not bar
than other mortals, finrc tliere mull go
fo much
(<)ldiirs of
to
the
the killiiig
fleet,
of him. The
who where mofl
w
bour tiioughts of taking an ungenerous of them aboard, heiring li) many Ihot,
revenge, tTio' warnM to l)c upon his and afterwards tli.it admiial was their
guard, becaule there were treacherous kill'd, ran to and had taken
tii.it place,
pratlices agaitill him, would never ad- jull revenge upon Tnilau tie Melo, who
\4\
mit any (oldiers to attend him, and was carrying by two bl.uks to the arch
particularly two captains that were wil- bilhops, hail not a judge llopp'd them
ling to lliare in his dangers. Thus be- to gain time for iii'ihin lo efeape, cry'd
:'V
ing carry'd in a Palaiichine alone, only out to them in the kind's name to Hand.
with one black tliat carry'd his umbrel- Thii happened, bcca '< the admiral's ill
lo, a fliot was matte at him from a houfe, tongue, as was laid, I. ! gain'd liini ma
which giving him a flight wound, he ny However, the- judge was
e.nemii's. K'A
leap'd out of the Palambiue, and taking imprifon'd lomc time alter. Mnl.uidu
the fnufV he held betwixt his fingers, was gener.illy lamented, and jiartii ularly
laid, WIm is it you aim at? Trijtun de by me, who h.iving travell'd with him,
Mdo at thcfe words, coming out of in i6«9, from Madrid Genoa, and re- m
vcl- his houfe, anfwer'd. At you, and fir'd ceiv'd many from him, cxpcrted
civilities
tghifara, a blunderbuls upon him. He with an flill greater in India. He was the terror
ami undaunted courage fended it with his of the Aloors and Arabs, and kept in awe
IS mod cloak, and bowing liis body ; then draw- feveral thoulands of vagabond I'oidiers,
1 the ing his fword, and falling on his ene- who having rebeli'd in the Mo^îd\ do-
lore to my, he (Iruck him five times, but to no minions, thre.itncd to plunder 'tlic Por~
not at- purjxjfe, becaule he h.ad on a coat of tugtiefe doniinioiis. 1 le gain'd many
lufe ic
mail ; whereupon he cleit his head, and vidories over of tlie Arah
the fleet
being with a back llroak cut him over the of Mafcate, and the mofl confiderabic
whilft face, which made him fall. Then ta- of them was in the bay of Suratle, in
thcm- king him by the hair, he fet his feet April I (,r).^, when with only three fliips
, they on him, ami was going to run his fword he fought fourteen Arabs ,i whole day -,
I:
*
;
f
)f men, into his l^rcall ; but ^'rijlan begging his and not fo fatisfy'il call anchor at
come life,he generoufly granted it ; faying night, to renew the battle the next
much he would not imbrcw liis hands in fucn day i but found the Arabj had ftolc
third bafe blood. In the mean while, out away, with the lofs of fomc hundreds
tliey came Trijlaii's fon, and a Mulatto (fo of men, and feveral of their Hiips dif-
mailers they call thofe that are got between abled. Several boats full of French,
undrcd blacks and whites) and firing two blun- Englijh and Dutch, went out to lea to
four- derbufs's, lodg'd feveral bullets in the fee this fight, JK-caufe it hapix-ncd op-
pieces admiral's breaft, breaking in pieces the pofite to Damam.
were crofs he wore as a badge of knight- Thurfday the 17th, we went with f.i-
ound hood, but ftill lie flood, and defended thcr Francis, to divert us out of town v
IC etie-
himlelfi when a flave came up, and and on Friday the iSt!), I law a gootj
erc all
run him into the iidc with a javelin. procelTion in Bazaiin, and Heard a fcr-
Nor did he go unpuniHi'd, for the ge- mon in our rjiurch.
The C H A P.
200 yf fôyage round the IVorld. Book f.
Chap. \
CHAR V.
nnmliT
ti-i/.M I'
of /V/fl,
The Autboi's Foyage to Goa.
tlicm
gather'i
CiMiLt C^/1lur,lay the 19th, the convoy beiriK
I with leave of the tyrant N'uzamaluc\ war on
'^•^v [j rc.uiy to r.iil, I lausM my b.ig(H.inc who granted it upon condition they other p
L/^''\Jut be put .thoarit .1 vclVcl ot w.ir tliry IhoukI bring him over three hundred allhe n
thcf call a ALiiicbina, aboanl whiili, horles at rcalbnable rates out of Pi-rjia, he was
jVttwo (/• yhiiiia, the lapt.iin of it, very or Arabia, becaufe of the Icarcity of king ot
civilly gave
inc my
Sunday pallii^c. them there was in India, to lervc liim j^j.f^ Hut A'
the 20th, I hcaril mats, aiul a lirmon in in his w.irs againll UidaUan. 'Jajli, go- //,,, /, Iroin R
the "Jffuiti church, anil then went with ve-nour of Diu, hearing what the Por-M-*. enlarge
''<
the procc iruon otjf tiie
tile noiy
h cLiofs that lugio'Ji- were doing, tent fifty tail tol'.'' of Und)
'"
was goinj^ to tiie ciiurch of St. Aufu- obllrud the building of the tort, whicli bay of
ftin, whenic it let out the liay he- Sequfira by his indullry had already the land
/orc. Monday the 2 ill, the llret failM made tenable. The tk-cts had t'everal by lea
an hour bclore clay. It conlllleil of tliir- engagements, but always with lots to allows
ty fix Paraiiîis^ two yalliots whicii were the -Tuyki, lb that at l.ill they went failing
admiral ami viie-ailniir.il, and lour Man- back Atterwards the Poriu-
difabled. to be d(
ibucas of war. 'I'hele Mambucas had guefe themfelves mailers of the

maile being
luch a main-lail as the Leitlis ol 'Tra- city with eafe. Its territory iloes not out in 111
paiti, in the kingdom of Suity^ twelve cxtenil above fix miles in length on •, friends a
oars, and four Imall guns, with tilteeii the fo.utli it borders on Siivagi, and on laid, thei
Poiliniirj? foldiers, the aloref.iid cap- the north .with another tort belonging is the v(
tain Nii>io\ being dillributeii
toivipany to the .?)(//. Malaban
aboarti them. or north-
'I'hc north, IK'dnijday the 2 îl, it was late In-fbre Vi.'.iiari.
T hell-
Ijy- r welt winil prevails .dnioll all the year we tiiil'd, waiting tor ome veficis of as Moon,
in thole leas, fo that it being feldom Chaul ; and the wind failing, made but and fall i
fair for Goa, wc maile but little way. little way. The calm continu'd Tbur/dui number
After eighteen miles fiiiing, we palVd the 24th, and we were oblig'd to lie dole large com
by the ifland and tort ol Hombaim, by the coall o( Sazagi, who is a mor- hi, (bonl
feated on .c point of the iflanil of Sal- tal enemy to the Portuguefe. This Sa- nara, ev
'''
•
h !:
zeU; being about nine miles in length, vagi, whom never by
I and little lel> Nine mi'es
in bre.idth. fignifies petty
his fubjedls call
king, is
Raja, whicli
fo powerfiil, that conliderab
further, I law another fmall
ifland,, or he maintains war at one and the fiime under fevi
rock as big as NiJiJa, at Napli'i and -,

time with the Great Mogul, and the the moft
on it a fort, with fomc dwellings of Portuguefe. He brings into the field mori, and
Savagis, who being at war with the 50000 horfe, and as many, or more and othe
great Mogul, arc continually in adion foot, much better foldiers than the Mo- palTengers
againll the Syli and garrilbn ot the guls ; for they live a ilay upon a piece I'wallow'd
tort on the continent. This Ssdi is of dry breail, and the Moguls will march need of it
i:'ii
a black fubjccl to the great Mogul, at their cafe, carrying their women, nukes the
who has given him the government abundance of provifions, and tents, fo
of the country between /iombaim and that their army looks like a moving ci-
Chaul, to defend it againll the invafions ty. The
Raja, as to his religion is an
of Saviigi, for wiiich purpofe
he main- idolater, are moft of his fubje«5ls.
as
tains two thouland horfe and foot at his All the coall from Cbaul to Goa, for
own coft. Thefe two torts in the ifl.md, the fpace of 250 miles belongs to him,
and on tiie continent arc call'd Undrw, and from thence to I'ijapor, he has feve- t city. OA i
Chaul ci
and Candcrin. ral forts, moll of them among inaccefTi- G'
afid
teen
104 c
I'lirfday the 2 2d, after failing nine miles ble mountains, bcfides cities and towns,
we anchor'd oppofite to the defended both by art and nature. leagues al
further,
city and fortrefs ot Cb.tul. It is feat- This prince's dominion is but of a''- ,c.3 which fix
fea. It (1
ed on a plain, fix miles from the iea, late date, for it began in Savagi's fa-'^'
on the bank of a river, which at flood ther, to whom fucceeded Sambagi, his
along thee
will carry any fhips up to the city. Ic eldelt Ion, who was afterwards kill'd
being but
is endos'd with gootl walls, and other in battle by the Great Mogul's, general,
der the to
works, antl furnilh'd with excellent can- and lb Ramrao now reigning,
thought 1
afccndecl
the excefli
non. A fort c.ill'd F.I Morro, fecurcs the throne. Savagi firll rais'd his for-
videncc, 1
M(// </./'..
the entrance of the liarbour, being built tune by ferving under the king of Gol-
liir I'^^'by the in the beft
Poituguffc, in year 1520,
the condu ; then having gather'd vail wealth,
'•^^•55 on tlie JiJH by their general Sfqueira, and fcouring the country with a great continual 1
ly from J
numbci
Vol. l\
Chap. Vf. 0/ I NDOSTA N. 201
nnmhT of men like an outlaw, he bodies, which \.\o\\c, they feartli thel^>Mnii
(H/.'il lomc places bfjonîinj to the king (linking excrements to find the |)rcii.)us ""'?
of yifapvr, and fortityin^ themlelve^ in n\ctal. was very much afr.iicl of the*'^''^
I
tlicm amoii;; the mountain*, at length Malabar receipt, having never taken any
gathcr'J a niif^hty army, then inakinjz purge, ami theietorc liiought bell to ex-
war on the M^^giil, the I'ortugue/e, .\nA ptdl the convoy.
other princrs his neighliouri, he uiljrpM About fun let, the north-wffl wind 0'*«/ii'
ail he now llanils uolilil'sM oi. They lay freflincil, and brought us in figiit of'/'
^'•"'''''•
he was born in 7(//;.(, a riiUjrrt of tiic Dabul. 'I'his city is le.itcd (Ix miles from
kin^ of Foriiigul, ami kept (hop there. the lea, after the lanu- manner as CLiiit, /'^/,,',,^,/
But /iamr.io prctenJs he is ilcfccnilcil and eight miles from it both in the /„;,, j,
i
from R.ynpoun, ami emleavours ilaily to kingdom of Decan. The Poiluûffc took/*. 5?.
cnlar[;e his ilominions, along the coall it under tin ir gencial /l/mrida, from MiffHij).
of Uiiririn, and Ciindrin, as far as the lliilahan, who reign'd at Goa, in the Uh 4.
''''
M
hay of Galas, IkCkIcs what he has up year 150S, burning the city, and putting'.'^'
the land. 1 lis llihiccls arc roblicrs both the Turkifl} garrifon to the I'word. Now
by lea ami lanil, tli.it In'ing the pay he it is fubje(fl to Savagi.
allows them, and make it dangerous Friday the 2^th, the fime wind con-
failing along that coall, fo that it is not tinuing, we came in light of the fori.
to be done without a good convoy for •, of yijapor, in wiiich river the vice-roy
being to pal's by their forts, they run burnt the three irab vefTels before-
out in finall boats well man'il, and rob mentioned. Then we pafsM by Lamhii-
frienils and foes, bccaule, as has Ix-en iia, and the fort of Afa/ianili, bclonrîng
faid, their king gives tliem leave. Nor to Savagi, ami after midnight the )jh-oj-
is the voyage late on account of the ?uemados, which are three rocks, tiiiriy
Malabars. ix miles from Goa.
'Ihell- arc pyratcs of feveral nations, The wind frcnining all night, on Sa-
Vi'.ihri.
as Me^ri, Jeivs, andChriftians,
(loiiHt-i, turday the 26th, at break ot day, wc
and fall they meet with a great
upon all came to an anchor
in our port, having
number ot boats full of me. Their . fui'd 2H0 miles from Cbaul. Having ••'
•a '"'Hi
large country reaches from mount Del- put my baggage into a bo:;t cali'il a
hi, (bordering on the kingdom of Ca- Ballon, to carry it up the '.hanncl to
nara, ever govern'd by a queen, and Goa, I met two Batlons of t,.e cultom-
houfe coming
t
never by a man) to Mailrajla/adin, a to vifit tliat I w.is in ;
conliderabic city and fort. They live but having been fore-warn'd to write
under feveral monarchs, among which, a fuperfcription upon one of my parcels
the moll powerful is the emperor Za- for l.ithcr Sa'.vadnr Galli, a Milaiiffe
mori, and t!ie king's of Tanot, Porca, Thcatin, and luperior of the monallery
and others. Tlieic poor jxôple take of Goa, they went away.
Being come
palTcngers, and have
lell tliey (liould to the city, I causM my
equipage to
fwallowM their gold, tho' they have no be carryVl to the monaltery, where I
need of it, give thcin a potion, which was courteoully receiv'd by the laid fi-
makes them digcfl. all they have in their ther.
{. i 'b'
CHAP. VI.
I'he Dtjiription of the City of Goa, and its delightful CLmnuel.
\
(/')< city. OA is of fif-
feated in the latitude that the great floods dam up the har-
G' and twenty minutes,
teen degrees,
and 104 of longitude, in an ifland nine
bour, and obflrurt navigation 1 be'ides
the sky's being darkncd svhole weeks
leagues about in tlie river Mandova, with the thick clouds. When the rains
.C.3 which fix miles below it falls into the ceafe at fun-rifing, the heat is intolera-
of a'^^
and therefore it is mod violent in
:
fca. It flretches two miles in length ble ;

gi's fa-'''-'
along the channel upon an uneven ground -,
jlpril and Alay, when the fun is in
, his
being but half a mile broad. It is un- the Zenith, and the rains are not yet
kiira
der the torrid zone, which the antients begun.
eneral,
thought uninhabitable, by reafon of Alfonfo de Albuquerque took Goa from
ccnilcd
the exccfTive heat of the fun 1 but pro- HidaUan, without bloodfhed, in the
is for-
vidence, which has difpos'd all things year 1508, a Domintcnn fatlier letting
t Gol-
in the bed manner, has qualify'd it with up the llandard of our holy faith. ///-
vcaltii,
continual rains, which fall fo plentiful- dalcan afterwards re-took the city, but
great
ly from June till September^ or Oflober, in 1 5 10, Albuquerque recovcr'd it again,
uinbci
Vol. IV. i If with
;

Chap.
Gemelli with the flaughter of 7000 barbarians, numerous ; and thi are fo call'd tliat
'^95- ami built a fort tiirrc, ,is lie did at Ma- are born of Portuguefe men i'nd Bracb-
^"^•""^ /,/,•,;, which was lolV in 1641. Then tnan women, whom they marry'd after
confidering the gomlncis of the country, reducing Goa ; and tho' the Canarin wo-
and commodious fituation of tiie place, men were black, yet marrying whites,
he conftituted it tlic metropolis of the their race by degrees became lighter co-
Potiuguefe empire in India. To eft.i- lour'd. About the fourth part of the
bli(h his nt.iller king Lmamiel in the people are Mulattas, that is born of
cane
poffclTicm, by gaining the love of the whites and blacks.
fuhjecls, he moiicrac^d the tribute they The Canarines arc as black as Etbio-Cic. JtJr/w^
paid to Hidiilcan ; and to breed up Ibl- fians, but have long hair, and good fi-
diers for the wars, he contriv'd that ccs. Many of them, both in Goa, and
liie Indian maids fliould be baptiz'd, the iflands, arc priefts, lawyers, attorneys,
and m.irry'd to tlie Portuguefe ; that fcriveners, and follicitors, and very di-
the Indians migiu be uiiitcii to liis na- ligent in the fervice of their mailers.
tion by and there might be no

affinity, They are defcended from feveral gene-
need of bringing frcni Ibpplies ftill out rations of Genlilfs, and .according to their
of Poiiiigal, to the depopulating of the nobility, or meannefs, they continue their
kingdom. Goa, the center of all the cuftoms. Mod of them are the off-fpring
Poitugiicfe conquefts, grew in wealth of Brachmans, Banienes, and Charados,
and renown, being become the key ot and thefe liave good clear underlland-
all the trade of the eafl, and the chief ings, being apt to learn all fciences,
mart of India. Tliis plainly appears fharp-witted, ingenious, and ready, and
by the compafs of its walls, which ex- therefore every body endeavours to have
tend full four leagues, with good ba- fome of them for their fervants. On the
ftions and redoubts ; which from the contrary, tliofc that are of low extra-
church of the Madre de Deos, or the ftion, as the Longollis, are the very re- JJIacJcs,
mother of God, run along for twelve verfe of the others. All
does not /ifia
niiles to tire powder-houle, pafTmg by afford greater thieves and ruffians, or
the cafties of St. Blaje, and St. James more faiihlefs ill chriftians than they arc.
a work of a vaft expence ; as are tiie They go naked, covering only their pri-
6thers next the channel, which divides vities with a clout, which they call Lan-
the dominion of the Mogifl, from that gati, and paffing betwixt their thighs,
of Portugal, beginning at fort St. Tho- is ty'd behind with a cord hanging down
;i^ mas, and ending three miles oft", at that from the wafle. Thefe till the land, fifli,
of St. Chrijloph£r. It may be objeffecl row, carry Andoras,

and follow fuch
ih.xt thefe la(l fortifications, were rais'd mean employments ; but, as was faid,
to defend the borders, as is true, but they arc fo addided to thieving, and
the firft walls were made to no other do it fo dexteroufly, that it is almoft
purpofe but to defend, and ii.dofc the impolTible to efcape them. Were it for
city, as the marquifs de ril'a Verde, the the love of God they led fo miferable
vice-roy inform'd me, when I enquir'd a life, they would be accounted living
into thinking that city did not itand
it, fliints. Tlicy fleep n.aked day and night
in need of fuch large w,i!Is. But it is on the bare ground ; they feeii on a
certain the city is not now what it was little rice fwimming in the di(h ; never
formerly ; for the great lolTes the Por- Lading bread as long as they live, unlcfi
tWiHcfe fuftain'd, wiiillt their forces were they be extreamly fick. All this pro-
cmploy'd in war it home, made their ceeds from their lazinefs, for no fooner
trade and imp.iir'd the wealth
liecline, have they got as much rice as will keep
and grandeur of the city to fuch a de- them a week, but they give over work,
gree, tliat it was reduc'd to a miferable living idly as Icr.g as that lafts.
condition. The Portuguefe tell us. That thefe Ca-
/nhabi- The
houfes arc the befl in India, but narines, when they were firft difcover'd,
lanis of at prefent it does not contain above went to advife with their idols, that
Csa.
20000 inhabitants of feveral nations, is, the devil, to know what they were
habits and There are feweff
religions. to do with the new people
that had
of the Portuguefe, who go over with em- fubdu'd them, and receiv'd for an an-
ployments, and then marry and fettle fwer, tliat they were not able to deal
there ( becaufe the Indian women, by with them by open force, and there-
renfon of the ill qualities of thofe born fore pretending not to underlland die
in India,chufe rather to marry a poor impertinent Portuguefe, they fliould give
Ponuguefe foldier, than a rich country them water when they ask'd for brcul,
m.in of their own, tlio' born of Portu- and rice when they demanded wine, l-.x-
gtitf* paroiiu. Tiie MejUzot are more pericncg fopn fliew'd how frivolous tiie
W ;.
advice
;i|i
I. 1 ;''i
W
\^?*;>
BooKlBj Chap. VI. 0/" I NDOST A K 203
advice was ; for the Portugiife readily eating one another when it thunders, CEMri.Li
found the way to cure thein of their fhoot arrows towards heaven, brii- "'"v
ftupidicy, caking a bamboa, which is tidily challeni^ ig God to fii-ht with^^'"''^^
a very hard cane in India, and beat- them.
ing them fo fevcrely, tiiat afterwards But thofe blacks we fpeak of, tho'
they flew ac every beck. And whilft I of an ill afpedt, have fome of them fiich
was at Gon, I perceiv'd the aforefaid a noble and genteel difpofition, that it A Kcntocl
cane pctlorm'd wonders ; for being bea- were a blefTing that every £«/-ff/)f(j«gcn- j'j'"'""'*
D.n Fraficifio ""
"
ten, they underftood a man's thoughts tleman were like them.
and I'erv'd readily, but to give them de Taverno, earl of Alvor, w!io was af-
fair words was time loft. Beating is terwards vice-roy of Ir Ha, being go-
fo agreeable to thefe wretches, that it vernour of Angola, the fon of a neigh-
makes up a part of their amorous de- bouring king came once to vifit him,
light ; for when they marry, the couple and undcrftanding that the Portugucfc
lies down upon their hard bed, and the were prccife in matter of compliments,
kindred and friends come and thrafh and that he fhould be receiv'd (landing,
them, fhewing them fo much of this bru- as was accordingly done, he took alons"-
talkindnefs, that they are unfit for any with him two (laves well inftrudcd what
bufinefs for fome time. they were to do. Being come into the
Moll of governours room, and fe.'ing no chair
of Goa are
the and merchants
citizens
and Mahometans,
Idolaters broiighc him, he caus'd liis two flavt.'; m
who live in a quarter of the town apart, to Iquat down and (ate upon them. The 6t
and without any publick ufe of their re- Portuguefe admir'd the Cafres ingenuity,
ligion. We fhall fpeak of them both at and prefently order'd chairs to be brought. iii t
large hereafter. There are alfo abun- After the vifit, the two (laves llay'd in
j;.jj.[.j
dance of Cafres and blacks \ for there the count's houfe ; and their mafter be-
are Portutucfe that keep thirty, or forty, ing told of it by the count's lervants,
and the leaft fix or twelve to carry •, that he might call them away, lie an-
their umbrello, and Andora, and other fwer'd, he did not ufe to carry away the
mean employments ; nor are they at chairs he far on. If.
any other charge to keep them, but a In the fame kingdom of Angola, two Another.
dim of rice at noon, and another at brothers of the king de las Pedras be-
night ; for they have no other garments ing made prifoners by the Portuguefe,
but what they brought out of their mo- were lent to Lisbon, where in a vifitt'iey
thers womb. Thefe (laves are carry'd made to the marquis of Mariaha, lee- iSLi
to fell at Goa, and all along the Por- ing no chairs were brought th'-ni they •,
tugiiefe towns, by the company's fhips drew them themfelves antl fate down,
belonging to Lisbon and India, who buy telling the marquis, that he was a mar-
them St Monbaza, Mozambique, Zofala, quis, and they princes.
and other parts along the coaft of A- As their princes and gentry arc en- Killing nf
frick ; for thofe nations being at war dued with generous and noble thoughts, c'cpli.in.-s
among themfelves, take (laves on both fo the commonalty are couragious,°and^"'^ '>"""••
fides, whom they afterwards fell to the cunning, for they with poor weapons
J'ortuguefe. There are others whom overcome elephants, and the fierceft
their parents out of meer want fell, for lyons. To kill the
firft of tiiefe they
,« >
onlj a Zecchtne ; and others who in de- make a narrow path, along which they j^^
fpair, barbaroudy fell themfelves. There by means of feveral contr'ivances drive

would be abundance of this laft fort, the Iwaft:, and then dextroully wound
did not they foolifhly conceit, that at it with a javelin from oft' a tree. When
Goa they make powder of them. They it has bled to death and falls, all the
being very cheap, that is, fifteen or twen- inhabitants of the neighbouring village,
icfe Cii- ty crowns of Naples a head, it is no rcfort to the place, and live" there în
covcr'd, wonder there fhould be fuch numbers tents till they have e. -n all the flefii.
tluc of them, and that the very vintners Others finding the elephant lying on
cy were keep them to fell their wine befides •,
the ground, get upon him, and"ftab
lat h.iJ the Canarines they have for other ufes. him with a long dagger, holding fill
xn an- As to their religion they are idolaters, upon him until he is dead, which can-
to tic.il but are eafily induc'd to embrace the not be done without much courage.
tlicrc- catholitk fiith, there being no need of They kill the lyons for fport for when i
ind ihr many perfuafions, for they picfcntly they fee one aftray in the woods, one
Id give yield, and readily o nfent to be baptiz'd. of them advances with two fmall cud-
brc.ul, On the contrary, thofe of the coaft of gels in his hand, and clapping one of
:. Kx- Africk, oppofite to Spain, are perverfe. them paw,
into the lyon's pl.iys with the
oiis the There are fome of them, who befKlcs other: J :,..!'
advi-e 1;
A
204 ^ Voyage round th World. Book L HChap. ^
Cemelii other: In the mean while the next black the befl fruit and trees India afford, eight
to very ilexrcroufly takes tlic bcalt
liiin yield the finefl profpcct imaginable. the cl
by the tcllidcs, and then they beat him Befides, there are delicate country hou- Salt
to ilca'h. So when they would have a les call'd Sîiniai, and abundance of hoi'fc
lyon quit a cow he has feiz'd, they draw dwellings of the country people. The chuca,
near, and ialuting him after the fame tlelightful fcene holds for eight miles llolen
manner as is us'd in y]frick, to perfons up to Goa. table
t)t" the greateft note ; that is, lying Half way up on the right fide is a thcr /
down on holding up one
their (ide, palace call'd Pajfo de Daugi, where for- ner, f
foor, and lame time making a
at the merly the vice-roys refided ; at pre- ccr ot
noife with hands and mouth. This was lent it ferves to quarter the garrifon-lbl- mailer
generally told mc by the Portuguefe \ diers. Tnere begins a thick wall two on my
the reader may belief what he pleal- miles length, for a foot- path when
in civilly
f »;s i tor I do not affert thole things for the country is overHow'd and there a ; gage J
TnhumAii truths, which I have not feen. Since great deal of fait is gather'd : Oppo- ching
U.kI;.
^g ,j^j, fj,e;ji4ing of thefe blacks, it is to lite to this wall, or dike, is a hill, on wards
.m:^
be obfcry'd that in yJfrick there are fome which the Jefuits have their novicefhip. Cj:h:JraL AftC
tali'd Nuiloy Muctia, who are fo fierce The vice-roy has his palace call'd l.z dral.
'.;:t
SJ'f and inhuman, that they eat the flefh Palvereira, on the fame channel, ami into th
of the enemies they lake, or kill in fb has the arch-bifliop. Here begins all curl
battle. They go quite naked, except the city, and fo far fliips can come up the ch.
their privities ; and curl their thick hair, after lightningfome part of their load. in the
winding it about fiiiall flicks, wliich This channel that makes fo noble above
makes them look like devils. They lie a port, runs rr.iny miles up the coun- nificent
in the open fields on trees, being us'ii try, divkhn;^.^ it into feveral fruitful leries
to this (langcrous bed, for fear of the iflands and which do not
peninfula's, India
r,-
wild-bealts that country is full of. No only plentifully fupply the city with the con
part of the world Is richer in gold ; necefTaries, but delight the palate with that we
lor in fome kingdoms it is found up- rich fruit, afford a curious profped, the po
on the furfacc of the earth, fb that and yield much profit to the gentry, the cat
there is no need of digging for it, and to whom for the moll part they be- Miferico
tlierefore inftead of iron they ufe gold- long. In fhort, this channel for plea- ?.':i!il:. Sutida
en nails. iure is no way inferiour to our Pofi' the city
Til- po:t
To return, after fo long a digrefTi- lipo, as well on account of thefe advan- c
colcts,
u> ii ,1.
on, to Goa, its compar'd by Ta-
port is tages here mentioned, as for the many mother
ven.'h'i; to the bell in our continent, boats there are on it to t.ike the air. large ani
li
fuch as Conjlait/iiiopU and Toulon. And Adjoyning to this port is that of nifh'd w
to fiy the truth, befidcs what nature Murmugon torm'd by the other chan- Indian f
made it, the Portuguefe have taken much nel that runs between the ifland of is beauti
pains to and fortify it by
complcat, Goa and peninfula's of Salzele ; to give one in t
means of many caflles and towers fur- a fafe retreat to the fhips that come the fides,
niOi'd with good cannon for at the -,

from Portugal and other parts, when rome's h
entrance on the feft upon the point of ihcy are fhut out of the port, by the pond we
t.'ic of Bar:ks, is a good fort call'd
ifland fands the river Mandua brings down, Til? grcit Near 1
j-hûada, with (Irong works, and guns

"•Jl.
when fwollen by the firfl rains of Juncy led Daug
Icvell'd with the water ; on the top of the pafliige not being open till Oiiober. Perlugue
the hill, near the channel, is a long This port of Murmugon is defended by rifliing c
wall, all planted with cannon ; and op- the caflle of the fame name, fcated in fecure it
pofite to the caflle call'd Noffa Sin'

it the ifland of Salzele, with a good gar- mies. Ii
iwii do Cabo, or our lady of the cope, rifon and cannon. ching to
A: ^ built in the idand of Goa. Two miles Thefe two channels which meet at St. Lauri
within the channel, above the ifland St. Laurence make the length from eafl diflances
of Bardes, is another caflle call'd dos to well of the ifland of Goa, which is Returi
Reyes, or of the kings, well fortify'd twenty feven miles in compafs and con- and moi
and with cannon level with the wa- tains thirty villages. Kntring the port firil has
ter. Here the new vice-roys take pof- on the right hand is the peninfula of lumns 01
fellion at their firit arrival. Near this Salzele, which is fixty miles about, and cfpecially
fort monaftery of Francifcans. Op-
is a twenty in length, containing fifty thou- glitters i
pofite to it, and within common fiiot, fand fouls in fifty villages, where the and chap
is the fort of Gafpar Dias ; but two Jefuits adminillcr the lacraments. On vent is n
miles dillant from that of the king's. the left is the other peninfula of Bardes, of the tl
Beyond thefe caflles the channel grows in which are the forts of ylguada, and Ipacious I
njrrower, fometimes to one, fometiines Reyes. It is fifteen miles and a-

long, ber of f I
to two miles, and its banks fct out with bout forty five in ^compafs with twenty fant and
eiaht Vol. 1
IK I. ilcHAP. VL 0/* t N D O S T A N. 20^
eight villages, govern'd in fpirituals by After dinner I faw the monaftery ofGiMrni
the clergy. St. Auguftin, feated on a high ground, '''95-
Saturday the 26ch, going to thecuftom- that commands the city. large af-^'jlQ^^^ A
hoi'fc to find the commander of the Man- cent ot fteps leads up to the front of the n'w:!.
cbtictt, and tell him that his men had church, where there are two high towers
llolen a coat, and a filver cafe for the with great bells. The church has but
table out of my portmanteau ; I faw fa- one ifle fet off with good images. As
ther Francis's man
carry'd away prilb- well the altars of eight fide-chappels, a.s
ner, for having Ipoke faucily to the offi- the high altars, and only on each hand
cer of the culloms on account of his of it, are all richly gilt. The ftately
ni.Uter's goods. He was difcharg'd up- choir above, over the great gate.
is
on my requelt ; and the cuftomer very The monaftery has a good cloifter with
civilly told me, tiiat if I had any bag- vaft great dormitories, and an infinite
gage J might take it away without fear- number of cells. Add to all this the
a piece of courtefy not ufed to-
ciiing
; beauty of the gardens, always green,
wards ftrangcrs in our cuftom-houfes. and beautify'd with the beft trees Indid
CjihcJral, After dinner ! went to fee the cathe- produces. Near this monaftery is the
dral. It is very large, arch'd, divided college for novices, with a decent church
into three illcs by twelve columns, and and dwellings.
all curioufly adorn'd with figures, as arc The little church of the Theatins \sTluuins,
the chappels. The arch-bifhop's feat is built after the model of St. Andrew del-
in the choir, but rais'd a great height ta Fella Rome. Four columns fupport
i:i
above the ground. The palace is mag- the cupola, which is adorn'd with ima-
nificent and fpacious, with curious gal- ges, as are the arches. Both the high
leries and noble apartments, for what altar and beautiful chappels on the fides
Jnii'ui aftbrds ; but the archbilhop for are gilt. The choir is over the three
the conveniency of the cool air, lives in doors coming in. The monaftery alfo
that we fiid was upon th'^ channel, near fmall, and has a garden.
ihe powder-houfe. A
few paces from Monday the 28 th, fither Salvador gave 5<(^«root;
the cathedral is the little church of the me a tafte of the root Sago, boil'd with
Mifericordia. cocoa-nut, milk, and fugar. Though
I JUtikts. Sunday the 27th, I went two miles from when drefs'd it looks like glew, yet it
the city to fee the monaftery of the Re- is very nourifhing and well-taffed. It
colcls, Madre de Deos, or the
call'd yf comes from Malaca and the ifland of
mother of God. The dormitories are Borneo, bruis'd fm.iil like millet, and
large and fightly, and their gardens fur- white.
nidi'd with feveral forts of European and Tuefday the ift of March, the vice-roy Bucfoot
Indian fruit, The church, tho' fmall, return'd from vifiting the northern coaft. ^<'"""j-
'^'""'
is with tiirce handfome altars 1
beautiful, Two vefTels arriv'd from China having
to give one in the middle rail'd in, and two on fpent a long time in their voyage, for
come the fides. In the garden w!iere St. Je- fear of the Arabs. I went to the bare-
when rome's hermitage (lands, there is a fifh- foot Francifcans, which is one of the
by the pond well Itor'd. beft churches in Goa: for tho' fmall, it
down, Th? great Near this monaftery, at the place cal- looks like one entire mafs of gold, there-
is fo much of this metal about the higii
'
will.
|f 'Junct ' led Daugi, begins the wall built by the
^Hober. Portuguefe, when the city was in a flou- altar, and fepulcher for Maundy Thurf-
fJed by rifliing condition, along the channel, to da\, and in the eight chappels on thtj
iited in fecure from being invaded by ene-
it fide. The roof is curioufly adorn'd with
id gar- mies. about four miles along, rea-
It is fretwork.
ching to St. Blafe, St. James's fort, and The Jefuils college, call'd St. Rock,Je/mii
neet at St. Laurence, witiitowers at convenient has a fmall church with fix little chap- "•'^"'•'S':'
km call diftances furnilh'd with cannon. pels ; but the houfe is large and capable
rhich is
Returning home I went into the church of feventy fathers, who live in it, there
pd con- and monaftery of St. Dominick. The being but twenty five at the profefs'd
le port firft has three iftes, made by fix co- houfe.
Ifula ot lumns on a fide. The arches are gilt, St. Monica of the Auguftinian nuns, is Ac;'-'-
and cfpecially that of the choir, where gold an aich'd church, with three gilt altars."'-'''"""'^
at,
thou- glitters every part. The high altar
in Here is a miraculous crucifix. Sifter
bre the and chappel are well adorn'd. The con- Mary of Jefus dy'd in this monafteryj
On vent is magnificent, for the long arches with the reputation of fandity flie ha- :
3ardes, of the dormitories, cloifter, and other ving the figns of our faviour's wounds
and fpacious places, ncccflary for a great num- found upon her, and on her head, as it
ber of f ithers. I'hc gardens are alfo plea- were the goring of thorns whereof the
land a- -,
jtwentj'
fant and curious. archbiftiop took authentick information.
•ioht Vol. IV. G gg After
t '» '1
'206 A Voyage round tie florid. Book I.
Cemelli After dinner I went to St. Pan!, the cans, a good fabrick on tlie bank of the
'''95-
firll cluircli founded by tlie Jefuils in channel. It has feven altars \ the mo-
^fy^ Imiia, whence tlicy took the name of naflery is large, and beautiful, inhabited
Jf/tiiii. Paulijlis. Afterwards they left it on by twenty live fathers.

nccount of the ill air, and becaiife ic St. Boiiaventure of the Ohfervants of^' 5
""'
was out of tiie city, fo that only two St. Francis, a fmall diftance from it, 'itiki,
is
Jill. I.
fathers refide there at prefent ; having has a little church, and indifferent dor-,,!!
formerly been a college, the dormito- niitories. It was the firft built at Goa in
ries ftill Handing are magnificent. In iionour of St. Francis, by Edward de

the gartlen there are two Jaqua, and fome Alerfes.
Alangn-ixtts, caufed to be planted by S. The of Goa is fmall, and ill
hofpital
Francis Xavcrius. There is alfo a chap- govern'd, tho' the king allows it four
pel built '" memory of the cxtaly or hundred pieces of eight a year. For this
rapture the laint had in that place. In realon, and through the pellilential air
this church, tho' formerly magnificent, of the country there die thoufiindsof fick
there is at prefent only the higli altar, perfons in if, and particularly of wretch-
with two fmall ones on the fides. Here ed Portiiguefe Ibldiers.
the catechumens are inilrufttd v for whofe Tburfday the 3d, I went in an j4iidora,
fuflenance the king allows four hundred to our lady of the pillar, feated on a
^'•4 pieces of eight a year. hill fix miles from the city. This is the
In India all chriilians wear their beads fchool of the Recolels. The church tho'
;.*( about their necks, like religious men. fmall is beautiful, and has three gilt al-
'!
The Jefuits, infbcad of a prieft's cap, tars. Returning home, one of the Bues
wear a 'ong round one, broad at the or porters that carry 'd me in the Jn
,.-] top. dora being got drunk, I w.is forc'd to
The Miraculous Crofs, is a church built make the peafiints I met by the way,
l,ll(l- I'll .,,!; on the hill,on the place where a wooden carry me ; they obeying readily upon
crofs being formerly fix'd on a ftone- fight of a cudgel.
foot i it is reportetl that feventy four It is to be obferv'd, that all the mo-
years fince, the crucifix was found with nafleries in Got:, and throughout all the
its back miraculoufly turn'd towards Goa, Porlugucfe dominions in India, have fome
which city from that time, has ver^' allowance from the king, more or lei's,
: l.
much declin'd. according to the number of the religi-
St. Tkomiii
IFc'ihiefday the 2d of March, I went to ous.
the church of St.Thomas of the Domini-
CHAP. VII.
Of the Anticnt arJ Modern Dominion of the Fortugucfe in India.
Difco\cry T T ^fi" Gama, a Portnguefe gentlc-

'/'" Hope, ivhich he found very flormy, as
of //„,.« y man, whofe ftatuc is over one of Bartholomei. Dias had call'd it, as well
r^rtuûifi t]jg g_^[g, of Qg^^ wjs tiic f,rrt that per- by reafon of its being in thirty four
Ajh.
form'd this tedious voyage -, and king degrees and a half of fbuth Ltitude, as
Emanuel of Portugal had the good for- becaufe the two oceans here break ore
tune to fee that acconip'ifh'd which his upon another. Neverthelefs king John,
predccellbrs had in vain at'.cmpted for under whom Dias difcover'd it, would
fcveiiLy five years before. Gama had the not Iiave it call'd the Storms Cape, for
title of or admiral of four
general, fear of difcouragiiig the liiilors for the
fliips, whereof were well fitted
three time to come ; but on the contrary gave
for war, and the fourth loaded with it the name of the Cape of Good Hope.
provifions 1 and being turnifli'd with all There, a worfe ftorm than that of the
necefTiries for lb long a voyage, he fail- iti, v.as rais'd on board the fhip by the
ed from Lisbon on the 9th of jul-j 1497 ; failors, againft Gama, for they daunt-
a fealon, as afterwards was found by ed with the prefent danger, and fearing
fiia A/. experience, mofl improper to go to greater, if they went further, confpi-
iiijht. India \ for want ol thofe general winds red together to throw him over-board,
that forward fhips on their way tlii- and return home. Gama having intel-
tlier. After fome dangerous florms, he ligence of it, clapt the chief of the
toucliM at the ifland of St. James, the confpirators in ir.ins, and fitting down
biggcft of the ten of Cabo Vcrdi; where himfeJf at the helm, play'd both the
having taken what he wanted, he con- parts of the captain and pilot, till he
tiuu'd his voyage to the Cape of Goad had weatlier'd the Cape^ and brought
them
Book I.O Chap. VII. 0/ I N D O S T A N.
^ 1 Fnincii.
rmy, as
208 ^ Pôjdge round the World. Book 1. 1 f
Chap. "\
Damam, Ba- vernoi

tlEMtLLi In the iftand of Ccy!on, of feven pro- thern coaft the fortrefTes of
'£95- (or Carolas,ciU as the Indians zaim, and Chaul \ in the kingdom of put in
vinccs
Ghzaralte the city of Diu. Near Cbinit compa
FH ^<Cy^them) three were brought under the Por-
like
iutjii'j'f dominion \ with the rich country the iflands of Timor (abounding in San- ;
the fto
of the cinnamon, and tlie forts of Cala- dal) and Solor ; and the colony of Ma-
tiirre, Columbo, Cilait, Jafanafalan, Tri- cao, fubjeift to the emperor of China.
be divi
ihil. Mall, and BatticaU \ and tiiis by In Africk, Angola, Senna, Zofala, Mo- Illquifiti- The
011. dreadet
the l.ifl will of the king of Acota, who zambique and Mombaza ; many in num-
bout it
was fovereign thereof The Dutch, with ber, but of no great value. I'hofe that
mate.
the afTillance of the neighbouring kings, envy the honour of the Porluguefe, a-
afterwards made themlelves mailers, if fcribe their lofTes to th.ir want of zer/I
The
Ion, or
not of all, at leafl of a confiderablc part for religion, and their not perfilling long
of the faid three provinces. in the propagation of it ; for they fay
k-;'t.it.vi The Portuguefc further fubdu'd the city that the Porluguefe entring India with
and fort of Negapatan kingdom of
in the, the crucifix in one hand and the fword
i yi Alaihirc ; Tambulin in tlie kingdom of in the other, finding much gold, they
Meiigaia, and Alacajfiir in the kingdom of laid fill their poc-
afide the crucifix to
that name. So that being become for- kets and not being able to hold them
,
miilable to the princes of Afia, they

all up with one hand, they were grown fo
iiad made allthe country about tributa- heavy, they dropp'd their fword too.
i^'-î
ry ; and being fovereigns of that v.ifl: Being founi,! in this pofture by thofe
ocean, by means of their mighty fleets, that came after, they were cafily over-
no fliip of any nation whatloever could come. This is an excellent contrivance
fail thofe feas without their leave and of ill tongues but the chief caufc
•,
p.ifs i feizing the fliips and goods, and of their ruin was, their having made
imprifoning the men for prefuming to fo many conquefts fo far divided from
liiil without their protection. This au- one another 1 and next the war ac
thority the Porluguefe, weak, ilill
tho' home, which obftruded the relieving of
exercife over all fliips of Moors and Gen- India.
tpr:;viii 1: <
' ll:-;
tiles ; for the Europeans are got above All that remains Under the PortuguefeGovr-..
J.
it. Thefe conquefts gain'd at the expcnce dominion from the Cape of Good Hops"'""-
of many lives, and with the effufion of in Africk, to the city of Macao China,
in
much blood, Icarce lafted an age and is govern'd by a vice-roy, with the ti-Victr..
ai, half-, for the Dutch falling into the tie of captain-general, who refides at
India trade, inftead of extending their Goa, as the metropolis of India. There
conquefts among fo many iflands and are fix, and fometimes eiglit Defembar-
kingiloms of Mahometan' and Pagans, gadores, or judges that attend the go-
they only robb'd tlie Portugtiefe of what vernment, as a ibvereign court or coun-Couf.'^f
they had gain'd with fo mucli valour -, cil, who wear a gown down to theircoiiin.li.
making this ungrateful return to a nation, heels over a cafTock of the farfte length,
whicli with fo many dangers and fuffer- the gown with wide fleeves down halt
ings, taught and fecur'd to them that te- way their arms. They wear Golillas and
dious voyage. huge perriwigs after the French fafhion.
JSnizi/. Another caufe of the decay of the The chief court thefe gown-men fit in
Porluguefe power in India, was their con- is call'd a Relacaon, wfiich adminillers
queft of Brazil ; for finding there more juftice in civil and criminal
; ha- cafes
profit, they flighted India, and neglecl- ving power over all minitters, and tries
ed to fend thither fufficient fupplies to all appeals brought from any parts of
preferve what they had, much lefs tt the dominions. The vice-roy fits as
make new conquefts. This is fo certain, chief of this --ourt under a canopy ; the
that the king of Portugal was fevcral gownmen fit on benches phc'd on the
times in the mind abfolutely to abandon plain lloor. The council da Facendu,
Jt, which had certainly been done, had is like the court of Exchequer, where
not the milTioncrs made him fenfible, that one of the gown-men fits as the vice-roy 's Cicoa-
if he did fo, all the chriftians of thofe deputy. (rcc.
Countries would again fall into idolatry There is the Matricula -General, the
and Mahomctanifm. Procurador-Mor-dos-Contos, and the com-
Picfent If we look upon what remains to the mittee of the new company of traders.
H'lniiiiions Porluguefe at prefcnt in India, it is vc- Thefe have put in fevcral (ums to carry
ot Pirt'i- ry inconfiderablc, and inflead of being on tiic trade of Mozambique, Alomhacii,
2'^'"^"' profitable, fcarce pays its own charge. Macao, and other parts of the Porlu-
At Goa they have the fmall ifland of guefe dominions ; and have the privi-
that name, with thofe of Salzete, Bar- Tedge that none fliould trade but they,
dii, Aiigediva, and others. On the nor- bccaulc ihcy pay the falarics of the go-
vcrnours.
; ;
Book 1.11 Chap. VIII. 0/ I N D O S T A N. 20^

vernours. Tht "ce-roy and arch-bifhop fage between (b many fmall iflands; forOKMPHi
, Ba- befides thofe of Goa, H.irdes, and Salzete, "îî-^
put in many thoufand Pardaos into this
rn ot
company, to encourage others to do the there arc, that of Charon, where are'"''"^'^^
Cbiiiii
like i
can fcarce lad long, becaufc
but it two villages, the noviciate of the Je-
San-
the ftock but fmall. The profit is to
is fuits, and a parifli of fcculars; Divar
M.i-
be divided every three years. or Narva, with three villages, where
Zbiiui.
Inquifiti The Inquifit'wn is much refpcdled and the feculars have the cure of fouls j Ca-
Mo- pon, belonging to the nuns of St. Mo-
dreaded by the chriftians at Goa, and a-
num- nica ; Cotnbargiva and Juvari belonging
bout it 1 as is the arch-biihop, or pri-
e tliiit
mate. to the Jefuits \ St. Stephen, w "êre there
fe, a-
The vice-roy goes by water in a Bal- is a fort, village and parifli of fcculars
f zer/1
lon, or barge row'd by twenty two Cana- the fmall iflana of Emanuel Lobo de Sil- «
long veira, with a few houfes on it that of
rines, with trumpets before him, and
I •,
ey fay Emanuel Motto, which is the ftews of

fits on a velvet feat, with feveral of his
with
domefticks about him. When he lands Goa, being inhabited by Pagan dancing-
!
fword whores ; and laftly, the fmall ifland of

carry'd in a fedan by four men.
they
he
He
is
has a guard of ten horfe, and feveral Dongaritt belonging to the Augujiinians. M
r poc- Thefe for the moll part abound in palm
of the gentry and officers attend him in
tliem
I
Palanchines. or cocoa-trees, under which the Cana-

)wn fo rines and Gentiles build cottages to live
Tho' the Portuguefe dominions be
d too. in i fo that every palm-tree grove looks
fmall, yet the king appoints feveral ge-
thofe They fay the breath
nerals, who have very little advantage be- like a little village.
over- of man makes the palm-tree more
fides the honour. One of them is call'd fruit-
rivancc
of the gulph of Ormuz, and commands ful.
caule
four fliips i another of the north, who Not only the vice-roy but all the of-
made thofe towns, and military, and church-men
is like a general over all ficers civil
from have allowance from the king
and refides at Bazaivt ; another of Sal-
1
fufficient
var at ifland ; one to maintain then", handfomely. The
zete, who commands in that
ving of
of China, who commands only in the vice-roy's falary is thirty thouland par-
town of Macao ; one in the iflands of daos, which are the third part of a piece
rtuguefeGwv:..
Timor and Solor ; and laftly one of Goa, of eight. The arch-bifliop twelve thou-
who has the care of the channels, that fand i the officers of the inquifition, can-
China, no perfon may come in or pais by from ons, monafteries, and pariflies a compe-
the ti-Vicerv,
the Mogul's country. And this becaufe tency i but all the tithes belong to the
ides at king.
it is a difficult matter to fecurc the paf-
There
'embar-
he go- CHAP. viir.
COUn-Coiir'!'f
o their"un;.ii. Of the Fruit and Flcwen of Indoftan.
.length,
n halt muft not be thought ftrange that, known in Europe, yields meat and drink,
\las and ITbeing to fpeak of the fruit and flow- and a good commodity befides, its out- •,
[artiion, ers of lo vaft a country as Indoftan, I ward cafe or rind fteep'd in water, is
fit in fhould bring it in immediately after Goa fpun to make all neceflary cordage for
inillers becaufe all thofe forts, which are found a veflel ; tho' there are fome forts of ic \%
ha- in the feveral parts of that traft, being which they eat like other fruit. This "m
d tries to be had about Goa, and even fome that firft: rind, when ripe, is yellow -, the
rts of are not elfewhere ; it is proper we fliould fhell which is hard, makes diflies to
fits as give an account of them before we leave drink chocolate, and for other ufcs.
the that city. I will enufavour to explain Within it is a white pulp or nut flick-
on the their Portuguefe names the beft I can, ing round the Ihell about half an inch
icenJii, and add the cuts of them, that they may thick, which tafts like an almond. In
where appear the plainer to the reader. the midft: of it is a clear water very
-roy's Cicoa- To begin then by the Palmera de Ca- good to drink. Of this fame fruit they
tree. cos, or cocoa-tree, the firft place being make feveral forts of fweet-meats, and '^\}MM
I, the due to that plant which is mod beneficial oil, both to burn and eat for want of
com- to man It is to be conceiv'd that this
: olives. Cutting a branch of it and put-
|-adc-rs. tree fits out and loads a fliip for fea, ting the end into a veflel, the moiiture
carry without borrowing any thing elfewhere. that fliould feed the nut runs into ic
îbacti, Of the leaves, which fome of the peo- and call'd Nira, and Sura.
is The Ni-
Portu- ple on that coaft ufe inftead of paper, ra white and fweet, juft of the tafte of
is
privi- they generally make fiils \ of the wood, the liquor made of the grapes, by put-
they, the veflel : The fruit, which is well ting water to them after they have been
fe go- Vot. IV. h h H pret'd.
lours.
210 j-1 Voyage round the JVorhl Book I,
GiivttLLi prcfs'J, and is taken before ihc fun rifcs. Tiic Figiieira, or fig-trcc is a plantFiiH;-,
''^"5v 'IhzSiirti is the 1jii>c liquor turn'il low- as fott as a bulrufh, as thick as a man's
V^-v'VJ,er, ,ind is tîkcn .itUT the fun is up ami thigh, and between fifteen anti twenty
has heated the It mull be put to the
air. fpans high, with leaves above a quar-
fire before it drank, or cllc its colil-
is ter broad. It is generally believ'd tii.r;,
nefs would give the gripes. Ic is lo nou- that /ftlam and Eve cover'il what (houKI
rilhing, that the liiJuim live upon it Ic* not Ir: feen with them in p.iratlice, tl cy
veraldays without any other lullen.inte. iKing not only big enough to cover wh.it
This Sitiii ilillillM makes wine, and Ihoiild be hid, but to make a fiiiajl
when it decays, vinegar but the dillil- ; cloak (or their n.ikednef'-. The Iiidi-
ling being feveral times repeated, it be- tins ufe them for diilies, anil have new
comes a Rrong w.uei BoilM, it turns : ones every meal ; others tor paper to
to lugar, and tliey life it as leaven to write on. It bears fruit but once, for
their bread. I'relling the pitn of the when it h.is produced fcventy, and
fixty,
tree they draw milk out of it, as we Ibmotimcs a hundred on a branch,
figs
do from almonds, to boil rice, and they cut dowi the pl.int and a young
for feveral otiier ules. This fruit keeps fproiit grows out again. But there arc
the year about. Thus the cocoa-trees two forts of them. Thofe that are ,i
yield the belt revenue in India, becaulc fpan long, and about the thickncis and
the country does not produce much rice, liiape of an egg, are call'd 1-i^cs dc iUj-:r,
cotten, or corn. They grow llrait to or roatling tigs ; and thele are ai fweet
lixty fpans in height, of an equal thiik- as a wild fig, and very nourilhing, be-
nefs from bottom to the top. The
the ing eaten roalled with cinnamon and lu-
Imhaiis ufe them for timber to builil gar. i'he pulp or llelli within is vvhitc
their houfes, and the leaves to cover and red, with fome liiiall temler black
them, or to burn. feeds, which arc alio eaten. They arc
r.>;m.
The palm, or date-tree in India gather'd green, and ripen and turn yel-
tree.
bears no fruit, bu^ tiicy ilraw Mnj, or low in thf^ houle, like winter melons.
Sura from them. Tiiere are feveral o- The other tort is call'd I'iôs dc Orta, or
ther forts of them that yield little truit. garden-figs ; thel'e are tweeter, better
7i,;f;,'ii:. One they call Palmeim dc Tranfolin, whole tatl«l, and eaten raw, Ivit not fo large
fruit is ripe in Mas. This is fmaller than as the others, tho' they have the fimp
the cocoa, the outfule rind to make ropes feeds. As for their nature, thefe are
bl.ick 1 and full within of the fame tub- col:), and the others hot ; both of them
(lance .is the other cocoas. Kvcry Tran- ripen at any time of the year.
bears three little cocoa-nuts in a tri-
fij'.in
angle V the pulp uhereof prels'd yields Sec Cm Number I.
a cold white water. This grows as high

as the cocoa-tree, but is thicker of leaves, The Manguera or Afango-ircc is as.i/;,-;.
which grow like a broom, and produces high as a good pear-tree, but has larger trtc'
fruit but once a year, whereas the other and totter leaves. The Mango it bears is
does four times. Tliis tree alio aftbrds weighty and flat, and hangs downwards
Iîra and Sura, both of them naturally by a long flalk. Without they are green,
excefTive cold. and the pulp within th^ fhcll is wliitc and
The Pahna dc Cocoa dc Bugios, or the yellow. There are feveral forts of them
B:ifi.j,.
inonkey cocoa-tree, has boughs like and varioudy tailed.
large difciplincs. they Of the fruit Some arc call'd Mangas Carrciras and
maKc curious beads, becaufc the Paters Mallaias, others of Nubolas .Hfonfo, o-
have a natural work on them, than thcrs Sajias, and others by other names
M which nothing more curious could be all of them exceeding any F.iircj'c.in fruit
y I made by art. There arc other palm- in delicate tafte. They are ripe in ^Ja\,
trees in Ifidia that do not bear, and t'le 'June and "Jul^, tho* there are (bme in
Indians run up and down them by the "January and February. They are of a
help of a rope i.y'd about the tree, and very hot nature, and arc gatlicr'd from
the manfo nimbly, that none can believe the tree like all other Iihiia?; fruits, gree:\
that has not feen it. coming afterwards to their matut ity and
A-:!
The Arequcua, or Arrca-tree is like the perfedion in three days keeping in the
Ucc.
palm, but llenderer and not fo high. It houfe.
bears a fort of fruit necelfary tor chewing The Caramholcira, or C.iyain:>o!.i-:rcc,C.!r.:-r.-
with rhe Betle, like a nutmeg, and enclob''ti is as big as a plum-tree, and bears fuch ••••"•'•
in a cafe or rind, like that of the cocoa- a leaf. 'i'.'>c fruit call'd Caramlol.!,
nut, and on a bough as thick of them as when ripe, is white within and yellow
that which produces dates. I'liis truit is without, fliap'd cxadly like a Icinninn,
gather'd four or five times a year. with four or fuc kernels, and it has a
fo:;r
f.l'V
m
OOK I,
/>>/ Zli/
;; 'i;
'W^mI
CriAP.
lour
îirk-
I'uulir
tcvcr.i
'I'll
I
; lia-.
liirnie,
II a in
;l pen
within
pliMl.'ll
II rpo(
kcincl)
ir lK'tt(
fort (it
Milt,^c. Tlic
an app
fruit cj
trt-e, !
ami fo
c.itcn w
yliiona.
water.
c ember.
Cipt' The
I
I tree.
very t
leaves.
and ycl
this, 'tl
flone V
raisM 1
which,
told mc
and tha
himfelf
never h
vouch fo
ly attcO
kernel w
almoml,
fruit rip(
Cutting i
water, ai
from it
(trudion;
•
The
I Iiec.
grows w
iemmon-i
licious, t
to Liiboi
Europe, 1
They hai
or olives.
the one a
other. 1
I t.ifting 1
ntim wiie
tliink the
Europcatii
like a ferv
them mal
Their iea
See (
Chap. VIII. 0/ I N D O S T A N.- 2lt
Jour ufte like a lommon. The Portu- The Jaitgomeirii, or Jangom/i-trce IsCfMini
<i^tii-ff prt-'fcrvc them becaiife they are very large, all prickly, and with fmall •'""
cooling. The treeblollbnis and boars leaves. I'he "Jangonuis the /'"rfigi/e/eK'^^^
1cvcr.ll times a year. railAilam'% fruit, being of the Hiaix; ofticc.
The /liwndra, or Anomttnt is very a walnut, purple without and red with-
large, .mil i)roduccs the fruit call'd yino- in, and has two flonrs, 'I'he t.dl of it
M in March and At>ril. It i,< as bip; as is a mixture of lour, fweet, and bittcriOi
a pc.ir, ami yellow without, whitiDi

rcil like a medlar. They are in \'c.\\nT\ No-
within, and
lull of a loft, fwcct, and vember, December, and '/'""'.//v.
picalant lubllance, which is eaten with The Rrindeiera, or Hrindvn-trce U
(I I'poon ' but it has fonic hard black as tall as a pear-tree, but ii.is (in.iller
kernels. not know how to delcriljc
I ilo leaves. The Rriii:knes or tiiiit it bears
ir iK'ttcr ; bccaufe it is nothing like any in February, March, and April, are a
fort ot fruit in Europr. fort of fruit like our goMen pippins but •.
AliU^C The Jtciia, or /f/d-tree is As big as their rind is h.irtlcr, tho' t'lc pulp or tlefh
i''M
an apple-tree, but with fniall leaves. Its of it is reil, villous and fliirpifh, which
fruit call'd /ita is like that of the pine- they chew and fuck the juice, and lias
tree, preen without, and within white three foft kcrnch witiiin it. The For-
and with bl.ick feeds, fo that it is
foft tuguefe make fiucc ot the rind.
e.itcn with a fpoon. It is fweeter than the TheCaramleiru, or CaraiidatxK KCirmiJî
ytiiona. fmclling both ot amber and rofe- low and thorny, with leaves like an '"•'••.
w.iter. It riix-ns in Ntvember and De- orangc-trce. The fruit of it call'd C<j-
cember. randa, is no other than wild gra[iei of
Cijiii- The Caju-jtra, or Cajus-m.c is not Jndojlan ; reildilh without anil white
very t.dl, but thick of boughs and within, with feeds. It is ripe in ///>;;/,
le.ives. The fruit is like an apple red and May.

and yellow without. It is fingular in The Jambos of Malaca aie tall trees
this, that other fruit having the
all with long (lender leaves. The fruit of
(lone within, this has it at the top it call'd alfo Jambos, are as l)ig as fmall
rais'd like a green chreft ; fmelling to apples and of the lame t.ifle, bur fmell
which, a Spanijh preacher and milTioner like rofe-water. The outward rind is
told me, did much help the memory ; yellowilh, within of a cinnamon colour,
and that he by that means foon male and there are two (loncs loofe from the
himfelf mailer of the longeft fermon. I pulp. They begin to ripen in January,
never hid experience of it, nor will and hold to the end of Jpril.
,'
vouch for what he faid. What I can .^np.- The Papayera is a plant that does not /'.'/•-o'.j.
ly atteft is, that breaking the (lone, the grow above twenty fpans high, and the""-
kernel within it roafled, taftes like an body of it is under a fpan diameter, but
almond, and raw like a new nut. This fo (oft that it is eafily cut witli a knife.
fruit ripens between February and May. The leaf is broad like tliat of a Pompion.
Cutting it in quarters, fleeping it in cold The Papayas it produces, hang like clut-
water, and then chewing it, there comes tersof grapes about the top of the trunk,
from it a cool juice, gcoti for all ob- where they ripen ,ind grow bigger, one.
(Iruelions in the brcail. after another. In thc^ Par/ugiie/f domi-
TlicJamboleira, or Jambolon-trec nions in India they cill thcfe the Jrlhifs
tree.
grows wild, and has the leaves like a melons, becaufe they tatlc- like melons,
lemmon-rree but the fruit is fo de-
•, and thofe fathers like them fo well, that
licious, that an Irtfiiaii woman coming they have them every d.iy at dinner.
to Liibon, loath'd all the beft fruit in They are (liap'd like them at Btrengena
Europe, rcmembring her lov'd Jambolon. (a fruit well known in Spnin, but not in
They hang on the boughs like cherries, fiigfand) but twice, or three times as
or olives, and have the red colour of big. colour, they arc green and
.As to
the one and the fhape and ftone like the yello / without, and yellowifli witiiin, I
n I
other. The but

Indians eat it with fait, with little black feeds or ilones in them,
I t.ifting them in the garden of the The- like elder-berries. This fruit grows all
alius where I was entcrtain'd, did not the year about.
think them fo pleafant to the palate of The
Jaquera, or Jcxqua-ircc is as big 7.'/.v./.
Europeans ; becaufe they tafte fomewhat as a laurel with green
and yellow leaves.""'
and to eat many of
like a fervice apple, The fruit it produces is the bigêlt , .^?
them makes the belly fwell extrcamly. in the world, or at Icaft that evfr I
Their feafon is generally in /ij^ril and faw for no man cm c.irry abo^-e one
-,
M.iy. of them i and Ibme of them ar-/ four

fpans long, and a fpan and a half dia-
Sec Cut Number II. Page lis. meter, it being impillibk for the
bou'^hs
hh» jjl
III ji Pôyage round the World, Book I.
Chap.
<SiM ILL I boughs to bear fuch a weight, nature has The Ananamzeira is a plant like our /»<-.
"""^ onliiM Ihoulti grow out houfc Icck, producing which '''"" herb.
providently it Atiiinni,
foot of the tree and in the ifland the Spaniarili call Pinas, one, two, three, AreCi
''^^''"ât tlic ;
Malam, under ground or more attonling to the l)igiicls of the ot th

of Cfylon and ut
upon and they know when it
the root
\ plant, 'i'liis fruit i< round and prickly,
of th
folv',
is by the fnicll that comes trom it.
ripe a fpan long, and above a Ipan ilianie-
and It
The rind is yellow and green, but prick- ter, riling like a very great artithoack.
The fo we
ly, and with fome llirf" points like thole pulp within which Imclls like iiiulk,
lippiiif
about the collars of inallitls. With- is hard, yellow, and partly wli'.ilh. Its
and
in it there arc many yellow feparations tallc between tweet and lower, but very
dinaryl
like thofc in an orange, with each of pleafant, eljiccially it pcel'd and put intu
|H)fi[i
them a kernal in it, like an atom ; fugar and water. .Some gather it be-
they
which roafted, tails like a cheltnut. This fore it is ripe, and make it \ery Iweci
little
fruit is gathcr'd from May till Septem- with fugar and from liult/i they fend
•,
broad
btr. great quantities into Spain, where it in
the
Thewhite Jamboyera, or Jambo-trce nuich valu'd. It is whollotne, but lb
if the"
itec.
of f'ulia is as high as a laurel. The hot. that if a knile be left llicking in it
purch.
leaf is i'mall, the blollbm like the o- a day, it lolcs its temper and is Ipoil'd.
Taw- tree. The
rangc-flower, and the fruit like a pear, The fcafon of ripening is from April till
are th
white and red without, and white within yuly.
many
(with a ftonc) of the fmell and talle of
them t
a cherry. They arc ripe in January, See Cut Number IV. Page. 2m.
that it
Ffhruary, and March ; anil two or three
produ(
times from the iiimc plant. The Mogarcira is a plant which from ,V-r
twelve
/"cjr-lrce. The Pereira or Pcar-itcz is no large February, till the enil ot May, bears a '''"'
•ind ot
tree, but and has fmall leaves.
thick, moll beautilul white flower tall'd Mo- But th(
The fruit is green and yellow,
without garin. Its fmell, tho' like it, is much
not cat
like a pear ; within it is white and foft, more fragrant than that of the Jafmin •,
Thei
with tender feeds, and tails like an o- Ijefides this iliffercncc, that the 'Jafmin
a walni
vcr-ripc pear. It makes excellent con- has but fix and the Mooarin a-
leaves,
rafted,
ferve, or prefcrvc, and lalls all the year. bove fitly. Father Salvador G'alli told
little le:
CiKHamcn- The Cinnamon-Utt, tho* it bears no me that leveral plants were lent to Liibon Tuni- The
tree.
fruit is precious for its bark \ which bein earthen pots, for fome Porlugnrfe lords
ordinar;
ing taken off grows on the tree again, and particularly for the duke of Tufcany,
them al
to the owner more profit.
yield The who had a great mind to them ; but that
and bea
fllirj bell grows in the ifland ot Cfylon \ for it was not known whether they arriv'd
beans.
that of Manila and other plates is wild, there frelh, being to cut th( equinodial
(.'.A tree. The
and has not fo fragrant a (mcll. line twice. The
flower very well dc-
greenifh
7 he Torangja is a tree brought from fcrves to be in any royal g.irden, and
nut. 1
tree.
Jfnck, fmall and prickly. Its fruit is the more becaufe it is found no where
a pleala
like a large round lemmon, with a thick but in Indojlan.
The(
ycllowilh rind, and red within, of the The Afafreira bigger than a plumb- îfrn-
is fluwcri.
Vot.
tdftc of an orange. 'Tis in fealbn in tree, and produces Sa/ron.^"'-
in Imtia
Oilober and No'jember. The flower has a yellow bottom and fix
ftihfthin- The Bilimbeira is as big as a plumb- white leaves, and ferves the Portuguefe
ircc.
tree, with thin leaves, and bears Bilim- as ours does in Europe, to fealbn iheir
biries all the year. The
colour of it is meat, but is not fo gootl. There is this
greenifh •, its fhapc like a long pompi- fingular in this tree, that the flowers
on the taftc (harp, and good to make
-, come out in the night, and almoll all
fiuce, or preferve. They are all eaten, the year about.
bccaufe they have no flone. • The Pimenteira is but a low plant ''^rr-
which grows againfl; any tree or wall,'"'"
See Cut Number III. Page 211. and bears the pepper in cluflers like
grapes. When ripe it is red, but the
Amtatc- The Amcaleira or ylmcale-trce is as Indians burn and make it black, that it
tree. big as a pear-tree. The fruit of it by may not ferve for feed elfewhere. it
the Pcrtuguefe call'd Amcah\ grows out comes in March, April, and May.
of the thick part of the branches. Its The Bctetfiru is a tender plant likc^.v'
fhape is like a golden pippin, with (Ireaks ivy, which runs up a ftick. Its leaf is!"'"'''
like a melon on the outfide ; tlie fiefh the delight of the Ajiaiicks ; for men
within is white, and has a flone. They and women, from tlie prince to the
make good fweet-meats of it, the natu- peafant, ik-light in nothing more than
ral tafle being a pleafant tartnefs. They chewing it all day in company ; and
are ripe in February, March, and April. no vifit begins or ends without this
herb.
4
Chap. VIII. 0/ I N D O S T A K. 215
herb. Bcrore it, tliey always chcfr the rous white flower, vhidh prefervM, con-GiuuLi
ytreca above drrcrib'd, that the coolnefs trary to the nature of other flowers, grows ''">5
of this, a«theylliy, m.iy temper the heat hard, and is fwect and pleafant in thc*-^*"^
of the other t and they lay a little dil- mouth. This tree is like a little plan-
folv'd lime on the fii7,/-lcaf', to colour tree. There is another fort of Cbiampims
and foftcn its biting taltc. It fpends not with two leaves ftrait, white, and long,
fo well in any part of /Ijia aj in the Phil- and as many red winding about below,
lippine idands, where the Areca is foft and this grows not on a tree, but on a
and eafy to chew, and tjic Biid extraor- low plant on the ground.
dinary good. The Spaniards make acorn- Tfie Omlam-im bears a fort of fruit Ow/;-/-
pofition of both herbs with lime, which like a ruddy-almond, and a long flower, '''^'
they call Buyn, and carry it in curious beautiful and fragrant enough.
little boxes, to chew it evt-ry moment a- ^fgadamcberoza is an odd fort of a ^!"i'>''<'"<
'*'''"^'''
broiid and at home. The Selel makes ^rcut yellow flower, with long green and '•
1:
the lips fo fine, red, and beautiful, that prickly leaves.
if tlie Italian ladies rould, they would The Majericam is a flower of fmall Majnlun
purchafe it for the weight in gold. edeem, green, and growing out of a little
Pj/(jtrce. The and flowcn hitherto defcrib'd
trees herb.
are the bell in InJoJlan ; but there arc The
Padolimii a green plant, proi.h\ - PtMin,
many more not to be defpis'd. One of cing a fi^htly flower, and a long fruit, I* I
them they call Puna, fo tall and flrait like an European cucumber.
that it may fcrvc for marts for fhips. It The Pacbaa is alfo a green flower, co- Pitihuj.
produces a red fruit, in which there are mina from a low plant.
from M:i twelve or more feeds, as big as acorns, Tnc Ttndolim, is a plant bearing a red TMalim,
and of the tafte of pine apple-kernels. flower, and a fruit of the fame colour
But they eat them boii'd, that they may of the ihape of a fmall lemmon.
noc caufe the head-ach. The Inoama Cona is a fruit white with- M<imj
/";Vj«- There are alfo /«//(d«apples as big as in, growing under ground like potatos, ^'""''
api'lcj.
jj ^ralnut, with a ftone as a plum, and ill but much bigger, weighing many pounds. ,!
I
?'V
tailed. The tree is fmall and has very Boii'd, it is better than pocatos.
little leaves. There are many more forts of fruit,
Tuiii- Thetamarinds of Indoftan are cxtra- befides thofe here mention'd, as well of
1 '!
'i J ordinary good, and there is plenty of the country, as brought from other parts
them about the fields. The tree is large as the Batatas, the Inhame, which boii'd
and bears the fruit with a cod, like our or roalled, tafte like chellnuts, pomegra-
beans. n tes. lemmons, and fome few grapes i
Cm tree. TheScararagam-trce bears fruit of a and as for garden-ware, Berenienas (be-
greenifh colour, and as big as a wall- fore-mentioned) pompions, beets, rad-
nut. They are call'd Undis, and arc of difhes, coleworts, melons of all forts,
a pleafant tafte. cucumbers, and many more brought out

v.h:.mfm The Chiamfim of China is an odorife- of Perfia and Eurofe.
fluwcrs. Vol. IV.
plant '''^rr-
wall,!'"''
s like
ut the
that it
ire. It
k likeS'.v/-
I leaf i!.r'-'' Ilje End of the Firft B OK.

Ir men
lo the
than
and
\t this
herb.
Hi
J
414 •
^^^^«- Chap.
j4 Voyage round the World by Dr, John took
my
Francis Gemelli Careri. Part IIL then
fervii
but
on t
Contaiiiing the moft Remarkable Things he faw in will
INDOSTAN. dilfan
refrel
Tl
count
time
BOOK II.
that
idol.i
will n
us, th
::;:iliilii! CHAP. I.
told
as to c
1"(
this ac
fhe Author's 'Journey tu Galgala.
A Pj^sJ. In
H
fa mou:
CfMfLM Aving refolv'd with my felf, direftod that no perfon fhould be fufFer'd
is ovei
ever fince my fifft fecting out, to pais into the infidel's country, with- ches, '
and camp of
to Jee tlic court out his particular leave. I'herefore lea- cafes,
the Great MoÛ \vho is ope ving the porter and interpreter to look to
oftang
of the greateft princes in Afia, vvithQUC niy things, I went in a boat to fpeak to
rounds
regarding danger or cxpcnce ; tho' f riet]ds that prelate at his little country-hpufe }
fome (
Several times eiideayour'd to diiTw^de me, vyherc |ie prefently gave me a pafs under
the inti
by reprcfenting the many hazards an4 his o>vn hand. Then taking another boat
door,
hardships I mull meet with in travelling aboijt npon, I coafted along the city-
lights i
over rugged mountains, and among Pa- wall on the channel, palfmg, at the end as was
gan and Mahometan princes ; yet I held of four miles, by of St. Blafey
the fort left, no
niy fir(^ pijrpofe, and refolv'd to ven- on which there are eight pieces of cannon i and bel
ture uppn it whatfoever happened. In and two miles further, by the caftle of bridge,
order to it, I hir'd a Beârim, or Cana- St.James, where are twelve guns. Here is gone
rine pf Sf. Stephen, a village near Goa, fhewing the governour my pais, he gave ken dial
to carry my provifion for fpiiie days, ai^d me leave to crofe the channel into the fapor, o
of meat ; being fure
utenfils fpr drefllng Mogul's country. vagi. I
to find nothing by the way and becaufe •, We ftay'd a long while in a cottage of tlie o
he fpoke not the language of the Moguls, belonging to the guards, there being little hal
1 took a boy of Golcoiula \ who, bcfides neither man npr bead to be fpund, toi roof fup
his mother-tongue, had learn'd Portu- carry the baggage of an Armenian, and lumns on
!iv['
piefe, to be my interpreter there. This a Moor that Iwd join'd me. At lafl, figures (
done, I committed my baggage to father feeing night drew on, we forced fome low brar
lUppoliio yifcoiili, a AJilancJe, and regu- of the village of Arcolna to car-
GeHliles another
lar clergyman of the Theatins ; defiring ry them. There being nothing to be and furti
him, during my abfence, to change my bought in this place, the Armenian and room ci
money into pieces of eight, to ferve me, the Moor made fhift with a little rice half figures,
wlicn I came back, in my voyage to Chi- boil'd, and fo little of it that the grains Jbme of
iiii ; carrying along with me no more fwam on tlie water, which afterwards tilers a c
than was jufl neceflhry for my journey, ferved them for drink. I pafs'd the There is
as I was advis'd by father Galli, who told night fome cocoa-trees without
under two wher
me it would be all r-iken from me on the flecp, becaufe of the great noile of drums ing-glals,
mountains by tiic cuftomhoufe officers i and cries of the idolaters, who celebra- fide ; b)
and that when his money was gone, they ted the feall of Simiiiga, at the full felson tl
h.id taken from him the very /linlorn. moon. There arc
Friiliiy the 4th, the porter and interpre- Saturday the 5th, before wc fet our, and birds
ter coming to me all w.is ready, let
tell I the Armenian and Moor liil'd their bel- cocks, a
out, le.iving my own letvant in the mo- lies with Caebiiiri ; which is a compofi- oppofite
nallery, that I might have liie lefs to rare tion of rice, kidney-beans, and lentils, round ro
for. I found the pafs of Daiigi, where I pounded and boil'd together, as was tower, w
was to take boat for Poiula, was llopp'd laid, at the end of our lecond parr. For cover'd li
by order of the arch-bilhop who gover- ; want of bealls to carry my luggage to ing way 1
ning during the vice-roy.'i abfence, had J'oiithi, which was twelve miles olF, I of the to
took
Chap. I. 0/ IN DO ST AN. 215
took three Centilci^ :ind was forc'd againft the idolatrous priefls. On one fide offJ^MEui
my will to make uie of ?. cudgel upon the fecond room I mention'd, before a '^95-
them, becaufe they never do good

will little door, ftood the bier they ufe to'•v^.-VJ
fervicc cither for fair words, or money, carry tiieir idol in procefTion. On the
but run away as foon as they can ; and fame fideanother PiJgod flnit up, with
is
on the other fide, when thraJh'd, they a ciftern before it, covcr'd with a Cu-
will load themfelves like afies. pola, and h.is a fmall room in the mid-
The fun was fo hoc, that at very ftiort dle. Behind the aforefiid Pagod, is one
diltanccs we were oblig'd to reft, and of thofe trees they call of the Baniam,
refrelh us with melons, and fruit of the and under it the bath, or pool, with
country. At Mardol it took us up much large ftorte-fteps about it for the GcHtilcs
time to eat a Jacca, which was fo large, to go down, and wafti them of their un-
that a man could fcarce carry ir. The cleanncfs.
idolaters would eat none of it, for they Settingforward again, after travel-
will not talfe any thing that is cut by ling a longtime over mountains and
us, tho' ftarving forhunger ; and I was plains, I Came
late, and very weary to
li|v
told fome of them had been fo obllinate, Panda. Therte I found a fmall camp of
as to continue five days without eating on the Mogul's forces ; and ai.iong them
thisaccount. FraHcis de Miranda, born in the ifland '\
AA/^si. In t'"s village of Mardol, there is a of Sahe/t; who rccciv'd me very civil-
famous Pagod. The way into the court ly. He had lerv'd there as a foldicr of
is over a covcr'd bridge of three ar- fortune fixteen years, with the pay of
ches, there are two ftair-
up to which feventy five Roupies of filvcr a month,
cafes. On
the right of this court is an which are worth forty five crowns of
odangular ftruclure, confilting of k\en Naples. Thofe troops were come tliat
rounds of fmall columns, with haixi- fan^c day from Bichioliii, witii the Divan,
fome Capitols, and little windows in or receiver of tiie king's revenue of Ponda,
the intervals, one of which ferves for a and above 700 villages, who has 7000
door. They fay this was built to put Roupies a month, and 1000 horfe under
lights i!i on the feftivals of their idols, him, whofe pay is a Roiipic a day, he was
as was the other place, like it, on the to take pofliefiion of the government of
left, not yet finilh'd. About the porch, the lower fort of Ponda, and of the
and before the arches of the aforefaid office of Suha, of that territory, which
bridge, there are fcvcral fhops ; but all among us is like a major-general ; and
is gone to ruin fince the Alogul has ta- this becatife the true governotir had fent
ken country from the king of Fi-
diat fome of his foidiers to BicbioHn, to com-
fapor, on account of the wars with Sa- mit a(fls of hofl:ility againft the Divan,
•vagi. The Pagod is at the further end fo that there had been men kill'd and
cottage of the court. The firll room is like a wounded on both fides. Ech-lafcatnpani-
being little hall, longer than it Is broad, the Suha refufing to obey, unlefs he were \ (.ill
und, to roof fupported by fix fmall wooden co- firft paid what was due to his foidiers,
0)1, and lumns on each fide, curioufly carv'd with and the more, becaufe the Divan had
laft, figures on them, about them tliere are no commifllon from the king, but on-
fome low branches to fit down. Within it is ly a letter of advice from his follici- ;*r
to ear- another room, like the firll, but lefs ;

and further on upon the right is a little
tor, therefore the two parties contend-
ed, and thrcatned one another.
rm
to be The
tan and room curioufiy painted, with feveral Divan now laid he would drive him out
ice half figures, which have on their heads. of his fort with the cannon from the
grains Tome of them pyramidal caps, and o- upper ; when on Sunday the 6th, about
;' ^r i%
er wards thers a crown like that the pope wears. fun-fetting, there w.is heard a confus'd
i'd the There Is alfo a figure with four hands, noif' of drums and trumpets, fiich, that
without two whereof hold a llaff, one a look- I taking it for a warlike found, laid hold
drums ing-glafs, and the other rells on its of my gun, bn, it was for tiie coming
•lebra- fide i by it ftand women with five vef- of a mefFenger fent by the king, who
fuli fels on their heads, one upon another. brought the Divan a vdV, and cominif-
There are befides feveral monfters, beafts fion for both employments.
fct out, and birds, as flying horfes, cocks, pea- Seven hundreci horfe and foot ftood
hc\- cocks, and others. The Pagod ifands at their arms before the Divan'a tcnr,
:ir
oppofite to the door, in a little dark and two companies of fixrcen Gi-miUs,
r. -'Hi
impofi-
lentils round room, at the foot of a fmall each danc'd conhifedly to the found of
as was towiT, where there is a carv'd llonc ilrums, fifes, and u-umpcts. It being
t. For cover'd like a tomb. There is a wiml- then a fort of carnav:d thole jx'ople ob-
;.\ge to ing way on the out-lide up to the top fervc every year frir five days, they went
olF, I of the tower, and to the chambers of about like mad-men, in red vcfts, and'
took little
î6 ^ iôjiiflg^ ro««</ ^/jf f#V/^. B K II. Chap.
Gemelli tiirb^nts
liictk, of the fame colour cali'd which is alfo of earth, and govern'd by and 1<
1695. Chtrai, throwing red dull on all they the Suba, has a garrifon of^ about 400 ro (\
';i.
met to die them ; as we life among irs to horfe and foot, and feven fmall pieces wrapp
do with black dud. of cannon. There was formerly an- done,
The cere- The Divan, who was a grey-headed other fort on a higher ground ; but Dp;; cncou!
mony of old rhan about rtxty five years of age, Francis tie Tavera, vice-roy of Goa, be- hut,
receiving
mounted a horfeback, with a pair of fieging it twelve years before this time, friends
a commif'
kettle-drums a horfeback before him ; with a body of loooo men, in a fliort th.it 1
(ion and
Vc/l from and follciw'd by a Palanchine, another time made a large breach in it. Savagi, to afli
K -:
the M'jgul. pair of kettle-drums on a camel, and to whom it belong'd, coming to the Mirtii
a medley of horfe and foot naked, who relief of it with 12000 horfe, oblig'd lire w:
went in a diforderly manner, like fo the vice-roy to raife his ficge, and draw gather
many goats. They had feveral colours, off. Then he went over to the iflanil copper
lome of calico, with a trident on them, of Salzete, St. Stephen, and others near fbrm'd
and fome of filk, with Perfian chara- Goa; and having plunder'd and burn'd A jijiinick Wh
(flers and flames in the middle^ all car- feveral places, carry'd many hundreds iexx.
i7'd by foot-foWiers. The Divan be- of the natives captives into his own
'Î ing come to a tent, erefted for that country ; and making them carry the^,
purpofe near a Mofque, two miisket-fliot flones of the fort that had been de-pj/J
from his own, he alighted, and after molifli'd, to the top of a hill two miles
pafllng fome compliments with the kng's from PonJa fouthward, built the fmatl
."I,, "ri' • J
4» meflenger, and perfons of note that Ibrt now f\anding, calling it Mardan-
were with him, pur on the Cbira him- gar, that is, the fort of valiant men.
felf on his head, whilft the meflenger This caftle is held for the king, by a
held the fafli to him. Then the lat- garrifon of 300 men, under a Kilidar,
ter took a veft, or garment of green or Caftellan, who
200 Roupies a has
filk, with gold ftripes, and put it on month, pay, him out of certain
aflign'd
the Divaity and then two fames about villages. It being a place held upon
his neck, his fcimiter hanging by his oath, he may not upon any account go
fide. The Divan laid his hand oh the ©ut of the gate.
ground five times, and as often on his The lower fort, and country depend-
''•
'*! head, in thankfgiving to the king who ing on it, taken from Savagi by the
had honour'd him with that prefent. Great Mogul, is govern'd, as was faid,
Then fitting down, his friends and re- by a Suba, or general of the field, who
tinuecame to congratulate wi:h him, receives the revenue of above 700 vil-
and (bme to prefent him with Roupies, lages, being therefore oblig'd to main-
which he gave to the meflenger, but tain a certain number of foldiers ; fo
they were very few. They call this that he dreins the poor country people,
prefent Nazar, that is, a goodly fight ; making a few cottages fometimes pay
and the cuftjm is deriv'd from the co- thoufands of Roupies.
ronation of kings, when the noble-men Monday the 7ih, I faw the drfinal fpc-A^k
prefent a great deal of gold coin ; and ftacle of a wretched Pagan woman, the "™''
fome pieces weighing above three hun- kindred of her dead husband had ob-^";';
dred ounces, to rejoice the Megul that tain'd at the price of great prefcnts fromiiji
day, who fits on a throne ftudded with the Suba, to be burn'd with the deadbiri.
Jewels of an excefllve value. When body, according to their wicked and un-
tlie folemnity was over, the Divan merciful cullom. In the afternoon the
Iî'"1!si( mounted a horfeback, and alighted a- woman came out well clad, and adorn'd
gain by the pool near the Mofque ; where with jewels, as if fhe had gone to be
fitting on a carpet with pillows at his marry'd, with mufick playing, and fing-
back, he diverted himlelf with the finging. She was attended by the kindred
ing, and mufick of the mask'd GenliUs. of both fexes, friends, and Brachman-
I was told honour coft him 20000
this priefts. Being come to the place ap-
Roupies (each of them worth fix Carlines pointed, fhe went about undaunted, ta-
of Naples) which he fent the iecretary, king leave of them all after which Hie ;
who had pafs'd the comraiflion in tlie was laid all along, with her head on a
king's name for he never writes to his
; block, in a cottage twelve fpans fquarc,
fijbjeds. For all this the Suba would made of fmall wood wet with oil, but
not deliver up his poll, but keeping pof- bound to a might not
flake, that llie
fcflion of the lower tort, faid it was all run away of the firf.
witii tlie friglit
counterfeit. lying in tliis polUire, chewing Betel, Ihe
Pind.l The Ponda is made u() of cot-
city afk'd of the llandcrs by, whether they
tity. tages, and mud-houfes featcd in the had any biirincfs by her to the mhcr
mulfl of many mountains. The fort. world and having received feveral gifts
;
ami
Book II. IChap. II. 0/ I N D O S T A N. 217
ern'd by Liiid letters from thole ignorant people, jedl to the Great Mogul, being oblig'd Gp.MEi.'.f
lOUt 400 n> cirry to their dead friends, fhe to fervehim in his wars. At tiic end of '(Jî
,11 pieces wrapp'd tiicm up in a cloth. This two Cojfes (each Cojfe is two Italian miles) ^^^'VJ
lerly an- done, the Brachman, who had been we lay at the village of Kakore, confift-
but Don encouraging of her, came out of die ing of a few cottages under the arch of
Goa, be- ]iut, and caus'd it to be fir'd ; the a Pagod, At the upper end of ir, under
his time, tiicnds pouring veflels of oil on her, a fmall cupola, was a thing like a ciiam-
1 a fliort that flic might be the fooner reduc'd ber-pot of copper, on a Itone pcdeftal,
Savagi, to aflies, and out of pain. Francii di with a rizor like a man's fiicc of the lame
;
to the Miranda told me, that as foon as the metal nail'd to it. Perhaps it might be
, oblig'd lire was out, the Brachmans would go an urn containing the allies of fume hero
and draw gather all the melted gold, filver, and of theirs. In the midll of the little cu-
:lie itland copper. This barbarous adlion was pcr- pola hung a fmall bell, and witiiouc, ma-
hers near form'tl a mile from Ponda. ny fmall lights.
id biirn'd A jMiiiiick When I return'd to my tent, the At night, troops of monkeys came
hundreds camp had a fixlfe alarm, on account of leaping from one tree to anotiitr ; and
his own one Moor's cutting off another's nofe. fome of them with their, young ones i'o
carry theT|.^,„ Some Gentiles fled upon the mountains, tlofe hugg'd under their belly, that tho'
been de-p,;;J,, and ib did Miranda, leaving all he had we threw many Hones at them, we
two miles behind, and I endeavouring to perfwade could not fetch down one ; nor did they
the fmall him to (lay, he anfwer'd, he mud do as fly any further than from one tree to a-
Mardan- the rett did. I'aking my gun, powder nother. The inhabitants of thefe vil-
iant men. and ball, I flood under a tree to de- lages being for the moll part Gentiles
ig, by a fend my fclf. Miranda's cook in the (for in Iiidia there is fcarce a Mahome-
a Kilidar, mean laugh'd at his mailer's cow-
wiiiie tan among fifty men) they feed them and
Roupies a ardice, laying, IVhat a brave Soldier the take care theynot be kill'd
fhall io -,
of certaiii Mogul has, to allow him two Roupies and that being grown tame they walk fa-
leld upon a half a Day : If he flies now no Body miliarly in the villages and even in the
.4
ccount go ptirfues, "idhit iiitl he do when he fees an houfes. There are fuch incredible Ito-
Enemy law them drink the juice
? I lere I ries told of thefe creatures, tliat it is no
y depend- of an herb they call Banghe, which, wonder fome blind philolbphers IhoulJ
by the niix'd with water, Hupifies like Opium. allow bcafts fome fort of underftanding.
li
iwas faid, To this purpofe they keep it in glafs- AU the Cafres and blacks along the V,!S;
field, who bottles of a violet colour, made on the coaft of Mozambique in ylfrick, are of
700 vil- mountains of Gates, in the Mogul's ter- this opinion, faying they do not fpeak> :•'!'
to main- ritories, and in China. becaufe they will not work.

diers ; fo There being no other conveniency of In the kingdom of Canard a baboon A (lory of
carriage all the way I was to go, but taking a kindnels to a woman, did fo •> b,\buon.
y people,
times pay on oxen, I bought a horfe at Ponda for infeft her father's houfe, breaking all
llS
fixty Roupies. Having got a pafs from he found in it ; that not knowing what
\
Irfinal fpc-Aa/:.; the Bachei, that I might not be llopp'd to do, they at laft permitted him to have
)man, the""™ by the guards on the frontiers ; and carnal copulation with her, and ever af-
had ob-"^"" leaving my gun to be fent to Goa, that ter to have free accefs to her. A Pcrtu-
cnts iromj,ii:j, I migiit not be made prifoner by Savagi's gitefehappened to pafs by that way, and
the dead bar.:,
men, I fet our on Tuefday the Pth, and lie at night in the Pagan's houfe, where
and un- travelling eight miles came to Chiam- feeing a great baboon come in, and make
noon the fon, a village of a few mud houles, fuch a difturbance, he inquir'd into the
adorn'd with a fort of the fame fort. Here I meaning of it. The young woman's
me to be caus'd fome meat to be drefs'd, but father anfwer'd with a figh, this crea-
and fing- my porter going about to take a fig- ture has taken away my daughter's ho-
kindred leaf to make uli: of inftcad of a dilh, nour, and makes all this noil'; when he IS
racbman- after the manner of India, the heathen docs not find her at home. The Portu-
ilacc ap-
woman to whom the fig-tree belong'd, guefe reply'd, why do you not kill it ?
ced, ta-
and the reft of the people, who came The he was a Genlilc, and
pealaiit fiid
hich rtic
to her alTiftance, made fuch a noife, that the queen being of the Himc religi-
ead on ,»
tliat wc were forc'd to depart. We on would punifli him fevcrely fliould he
IS fquarc,
travell'd through woods, as we had do it. The Portuguefe without making
tione before, and at laft getting out of more words of it, waited till the bealt
oil, but
ght not them, crofs'd over an arm of the fea came in, and lliot it, and the idolater be-
in a fmall boat, and entred the terri- ing afraid to be punilli'il, he carry'd it
the lirf.
etcl, llie
tory of a Pagan prince call'd Sonde-Ki- himfilf out of the cottag<.' .;nd bury'd it.
r.ini-karaja, lord of fome villages among I'iie Portuguefe was requited for this kind-
ler they
otlicr
the mountains, but tributary and I'ub- nels with a great quantity of rice, as
le
ral gifts
VOL. IV. K k k he
anJ
:t
\':M
S %m
f
;r.*v,,:
!:'i
M r'.
;
Book II.. Chap. I. 0/ I N D O S T A N. 219

t Cojfis Setting out late on Saturday the 12th, towns inhabited by the Mogtdjlaiis : AttitMnu
of iia- alter four miles travelwe came into the night the cle.'.r fky will be all a man's ""m'
d other Mojid'^ territories. Having pafs'd the covering, or elfe a tree. Add to all'-'^^'"^
f other Kill guards on the road,
prince Kiraitis thisthe great danger of life and goods,
/e Ron- I relied noon near the fort of the
till by reafon of the excurfions Savant's fbl-
Hiiving town of Aha! ; but being ready to fcL diers make quite as far as the camp at
miles a- forwards was inform'd, the road I was Galgala. Befides, the Moguls themlelves
anic to to go was infcfted with robbers, and arc fuch crafty thieves, tliat they rec-
i:i:!;l
i-houfe, therefore I refolv'd to flay for the Bojala. kon a traveller's money and cloaths their
: exami- At liiis place tlicrc was a Pagod, and in own and ; they will keep along with him
Iwelling it an idol with a human body, but the many days till his fccurity gives them an
le thick- face of a monkey, and a

vafl long tail opporrunity to rob him at tlieir cali-.
a iliffcrs winding about to the top of its head, Sometimes one of them will pretend to
;rccs) af- with a little bell hanging at the end of be a traveller that is going the lame
is twcn- it. One hand was on its fide, and the way, and bears a flranger company, that
other lifted up as it were to ftrike. They he may rob him with more lalety for ;
I out A r:r.
fee call it the animating monkey, becaule when he lies down to llcep the other ar-
nt alongof û .iccording to the fabulous traditions of tificially lets down a noofc from the top
lis Boja- thofe people, he once fouj, ' with much of a tree, and drawing him up a little •)•
rec hun- bravery. When I pcrceiv'd no body took way, flips aown to dive into his purfe.
is
ve pafs'd
for the notice of
that came
me,
in
I us'd to break all the idols
my way -, efpccially thofe
Had not very powerful motives prefs'd
me forwards 'o fee tlie courr of fb great
m
ite difte- the pealants, that conduced the Bojala, a king, I fliould not eafily
have expos'd
cre were carry'd hanging about their necks, wrapp'd my felf to ib many dangers and hard-
y the rell up in a cloth, which were ot ftone, ill fliips. 'Tis true, that excepting only this
lich taftsCi .
Hiap'd, and weighing two pounds. of Vtfapor, which is continually harafs'd
id grows""- Suiulay the 13th, I fct out four hours with wars, the other kingdoms fubjecl
n at the before tiay with the caravan of oxen, and to the Great Mogul are not lb inconve-
faw fomc at the end of fix Cojfes came to Kancre a. nient for travelling •, efpecially about Su-
n before, village confifling of a few houfes, where ratte, and Amadabal, where necefTarics
: inclin'd I din'd. Then I went five long CoJ/es for life are to be had.
they had furtlicr and lay at the village of Elcbi, IVednefday the 1 6th, having travcll'd ^ '''••ci-
Is unde- which tho' made up of cottages has ex- three Cojfes I pafs'd through a village '•
lOufe for cellent land for tillage and fport i the flags call'd Kodelki, where at a dear rate I tail-
travcll'd and other game feeding about tamely. ed ripe grapes of F.urope ; and three Cojfes
lours bc- Monday the 14th, out early
letting further came to Edoar, the biggell city
Bombmlif with another Bojala, at the end of dvc I faw in that fhort journey. Within the
Kiraiii Cojfes all the way a fertile foil, I flopp'd firft enclofure it has a flone fort ill built,
lall'd Chi- at Tikli a linall town defended by a fort and a Bazar ; in the fecond a fort with
perliaps of earth, and after dinner proceeded to a garrifon and houfes about it made of
fo barba- the little village of Onoi: mud and ftraw. All the merchants that
Tuejday the 15th, I travcll'd five Coffes come from the fouthern parts to fell their
lie 1 1 th, throiigli a country full of green and de- goods ufe to flay here, and afterwards
inwhich lightful trees to Mandapur, a city made go over to the camp at Galgal.i like
ig gone up of mud houfes and endos'd with 4 retailers. When I pafs'd .that way, this
lagc of low wall ; but has ;\ good fort of lime city was aclually infefted with the plague.
market and flone on a hill. After dinner I After dinner ! went five Coês further
Gentiles, went two Cojfes further to Betche a wall'd to the town of Muddd, feated on the
ay four town, where I lay. left hand of a river, a matter of great
this place
li.!ir.i"cl- I[ is far different travelling through confideratbn on a road where I fome-
Sonde- "*'"^""the Mogul's country, than thro' Perjia times drank water muckly'd by the cat- I: , isq
of earth, or Turky, for there are no beatls for cartle. There is a mud fott, as are the
ins high. riage to be found, nor caravanleras at walls of tlie town, nor do the cottages
than the convenient diftanccs, nor provifions ; of the natives ti, "^rve becter fortificati-
s a goaf and what is worfe tlicre is no fafcty from ons. As I was getting off my horfe I fell
makes thieves. He therefore that has not a fo violently upon my fide tiiai I could
is, one horfeof his own mull mount upon an not breath for a quarter o( an hoar, and
feajolilan ox, and befides that inconvency, muft was in fome danger of death I was ill •,
age-, by
carry along with him his provision and of it many days after, tho' I blooded,
iw cruel- utenfils to drefs it 1 rice, pulfe and and us'd other remedies.
oppreis meal being only to be found in great
C H A P,
Setting
ilv;!.
1 '
m
'
i,ii':
i!>!t:.
;
if'
Mi
1
DOK II.
1 Chap. II. 0/ I N D O S T A N. 22 1
grows rich, efpecially an European or before noon. There w.is alfo a goldGi-irLi.i
Pir'-an i but once in, it is a very hard ball between two gilt hanging^ ''"^5-
hands,
'"^^^^
matier to gi;t a difcharge to go home by a chain ; the king's enfign, which
to enjoy what is got, any other way is carry'd on the elephants, when they
than malting an cicape. The country march. I pafs'd on into the fccond
not affording fo many horfe? as are re- court, and then into the royal tents,
Ibrici. for fo great an army, they bring

ijuifitc and king's apartments, adorn'd with filks
liirty them out of Perjii, and Arabia, fome and cloth of gold. Finding the king in
at 1000, or 2000 Roiipks purchafe, and one of thefe rooms, fitting after the
ntain Ov, the lowelt at 400. And becaufe no country manner, on rich carpets, and
ot at barly grows in Imlojlan, they give them pillars embroider'd with gold. Having
il ;if- four pounds of boil'd lentils a day, and made my obeifance after the Mogul fa-
s antl in winter they add half a pound of but- fliion, I drew near, the fame chriftian
that ter, and as much fugar, four ounces of being my interpreter. He ask'd me of
n and jiepper, and fomc dry ftraw. IVith the what kingdom of Europe I was, how
feofs; Author'' i he feems here to impofe
leave, long I had been come thence, where
ler of tipoii Reader, or he him/elf impoi'd
the I had been, and what I came to his
It the upon ivorfe than Ta vernier was with the camp for, whether I would fcrvc him,
fomc Crabs. and whither I defign'd to go ? I an-
a half E.'i-plunts. It is alfo a vaft expence to mi'intain fo fwered accordingly, that I was a Nea-
)t on- great a number of elephants i for every politan, and came thence two years be-
ittenti
r goes
one of them eats at leaft a hundred and
forty pounds of corn every day, bcfides
fore i during which time I h.ad (acn
JEgypI, tlie Grand Seignior's dominions,
^
Lirpofe leaves, green canes, fugar, and pepper, and the Perfian monarchy, that I was
upon fo that the king allows feven Roupies a now come into his camp, only out of
them, day for every one. He has 3000 through- curiofity to fee the grcatelt monarch
ropor- out his empire, and three general ele- in Afia, as his m-ijefty was, and the
phants. Each
of thefe has half a million grandeur of his court and army ; that
fiiir a of Roupies allowance a month, which are I fhould have reckoned it a great ho-
iiey are fpent in keeping 500 other elephants that nour to fervc him, did not affairs of the
r num- are under him, and 200 men that look greateft importance call me home, after
, they to them. At
time there were but
this feeing the empire of China. He then
s. Ami 500 belonging to the king in the field ; ask'd me concerning the war betwixt
e com- befides thofe belonging to the princes and the Turk and European princes in Hun-
would
ley die
only a ;..r Tji's
Omrahs, who keep fome 400, fome 200,
and others more or lels.
Sunday the 20th, going to the tents of
gary, and having anfwer'd to the bed of
my knowledge, he difmifs'd me, the
time of the publick audience drawing
Wl
fe, and (jii! the king's eldcll fon, whofe name was near. I return'il into the fecond court,
ig will Scialam. I found about 2000 foldiers enclos'd with painted calicoes, ten fpans
ihan he horfe and foot drawn up, expedting the high all about. Here on the fide next
their prince, who came from his father's quar- the king's apartment, the tent to give
Thefe ters. Waiting, I faw his fon come out audience in, was fuj)ported by two great
IS owa and mount a horfeback to go meet his poles, being cover'd on the outfitles
toan- father as foon as he faw him, he alight-
-, with ordinary red fhiff, and with finer
of t'.e ed in token of refpeift. Scialam was lixty within, and fma!l taffeta curtains. Un-
[pcr'ôn, five years of age, tall, and full-body'd, der this tent was a fquarc place, rais'd
^^v
•eceives The .V with a thick long beard, which began to four fpans above the ground, enclos'd
|e them^- ..!
be grey. Having fuch a title to the with filver banifters, two fpans high,
u they'^'"^ crown, many thoufands of the foldiers and cover'd with fine carpets. Six
upon are of his faftion ; who being imprifon'd, fpans further in the middle was anii-RiJ
Ihcre is continu'd refolute, refufing receive any m other place rais'd a fpan higher, at the
Xien be- other pay, notwithftanding he reliev'd angles whereof there were four poles
was a them but meanly. cover'd with filver, reaching to the top
le Mo- Titking's Monday the 21ft, by the means of a of the tent. Here flood the throne,
tht, or (,!.Hcrs, chriftian of and an eunuch his
Agra, which was alfo fquarc, of gilt wood,
l)]ti\. to friend, I had the fortune to be admitted three fpans above the reft to get up to
It davs to a private audience of the king. In it there was a little filver footllool.
1
%m
having the firft court of the king's quarters, On it there were three pillows of bro-
Infclvcs which had two doors, in a large tent c.ide, two to lerve on the fides, and one
fer- 1 faw kettle-drums, trumpets eight fpans at the back. -Soon after the king catne
Jl\e
Ihas no long, and other inftruments, which ufe leaning on a Ihiff forked at the top, fe-
)n the to found at certain hours of the day veral Omrahs and abundance of cour-
in tin: and night, according as occafion re- tiersgoing before him. He had on a
ter ; a quires ; and that day made their noife white veil ty'd under the right arm,
Ic ioon Vol. IV. L 1 accor-
t'lO.Vi
I
'i
; i
2 22 yl Voyage round the JVorld. Book II. Chap.

UtMELLiacconlinp; to tl»c f.iHiion of ihe Muho- above the other. Tlicfe princes wore w
'^)^- metmii, to dilliiij'iiil'h them from the (ilk veils with flowers of leveral colours, //;. Kj- year';
^-^^'^''^Cn'iili'fi, who tic It '.inilcr the left. Tlie C'lrii's adorn'd with precious Hones, gold lll'.T 10
bi-ini
Ciia or turh.inc of the f.imc white ftulV, collars, jewels, rich laflies, Icimiters, and ter (ii
/.)
w.is tied witii a {ôld web, on wliich .m bucklers hanging by their fides. Tiioli:
defjv-
cnKTdud of a vail bigncfs, appear'd a- that were not ot the blood-royal, made
wom.i
midll foiir little ones. He had a filk three obeifances.
lie
filli, which covcr'd the Ca/ari or Jiididu On the right hand, without the tent, beyon
dagger hanging on the left. His ihocs flood a hundretl muskctiers and more iii;^
were after the Moorijb falhion, and his mace-bearers, who had clubs on their tIelJMi
legs naked without hofe. Two fervants lliouldcrs with fiiver globes at the ends. iLIf uj
jwt away tlie tlies, with long wiiite horfe- Thele were cl.id in cloth ol feveral co- wirlioi
tails ; another at the fame time keeping lours. There were alio feveral porters accord
olV the fun, with a green umbrello. v/ith ftaves in their hands, that no perlbn (Iren ;
He was of a low ftature, with a large might go in without being introduc'il. or Z),.
nole, flendcr, and rtooping with age. On the left of the tent were the roya! v,ili.uu
Tlie whitenefs of his round beard, was cnfigns held up on fpcars by nine per- that h
more vifible on his olive-colour'd skin. fons, clad in verts ot cimfon velvet, all
the lall
The M,~ \Vhen he was fcated they g.ive him his adorn'd with gold, and with wide flecvcs, tcrs we
f// L'.ivCJ fcimiter and buckler, which he laid and fharp collars hanging down behind. f)riiieel
iiuJicntc.
down on his left fide wiiiiin the throne. He that flood in the middle held a fun; igiitfor
Tiien he made a fign with his hand the two on his fides two gilt hands ; fes.
for thofe that had bufincls to draw near ; next them flood two others, each hol- there b
who being come up, two fecretaries ding two horles tails dy'd red. The doms,
ftanding, took their petitions, which they other four had the fpears covcr'd, fo they c.i
delivcr'd to the king, telling him the that there was no

what they feeing name o
contents. admir'd to fee
I him indorlc held. Without the cnclofure of the roy- to the
them with his own hand, without fpe- al tents, (everal companies and troops ferve hi
clacles, and by his chearful fmiling coii.-. Ol horfe and foot flood at their arms in read)
tcnance fecm to be plcas'd with the em- and elephants with vafl flandards, and the On
ployment. kettle-drums on them, which were bea- thatfolli
Revii^vof In the mean while the elephants were ten all the time. When the audience Faithful
the e!c- revicw'd, that the king might fee what was over, the king withdrew in the the like.
phjiUi.
condition were in, and whether
they fame order he came out fo did the -,
Sciii-^
!Ic Ac-
the Omrabs they were committed to, ma- princes fome getting into Palancbines,
•,
\iJc; his grown J
naged them well. When the Cornnccia and others mounting llately horfes, co- fons.
and con
(that is he who rides them) had iinco- ver'd with gold and precious ftones. then, ar
Tt r)!i,r
ver'd the elephant's crupper, for the The Oinrahs, who had flood all the R:n,'!iliin was imf
king to view it, he made him turn his while, return'd alfo to their tents, fol- ,i:rhii inacceflll
head towards the throne, and ftriking low'd by many elephants, fome with '''•^^'•ing to I
iiim on it three times, made him do his feats on them, and fome with colours thinking,
I. p. 20.
UibmilTion as often, by lifting up and flying, and attended by two troops another
lowering down his trunk. Then came of horfe, and two companies of foot. remove i
Sdalam's fon and grandfon, who having The Caitual, who is like a provoft:-mar- tiin Sitgia
twice m.ide their obeifance to the king, rode with a grac
fhal ;igainft: thieves, Aurnigt'
iliiiitiM' each time putting their hand to the trumpet of green copper, eight ipans rad Bakfi
ground, on their head, and on their long, carry'd before him by a Moor he gave
bread, fate down on the firll floor of a-foot. That foolifli trumpet made me firft: weni
the tiirone on tlie left. Then Azam-Scia laugh becaufe it made a noife much
; like fove
the king's fon and making
coming in, like our fwineherds make, to call
that keeping i
the far.- fubmiffions, he fitc down in

; together their fwine at night. and mai
the fccond ftcp, which we faid was rais'd of .awing
princes,
CHAP. iir.
defign'd
where the
of the c
^k' Artifices, and cruel PraSikei of the Mogul new reigning, to fojfefs him-
pafs throi
fclf of the Empire. a throne
rahs ; for
Experience long fincc made it

has min the of birth-right by the event
title governme
notorious enough, that the fuccef- of a battle ; but this Mogul we have of rcfpefl
of this great monarchy rather de- fpoken of, added fraud to force, by The re
pends on force than right and that, -, which he dcftroy'd not only his brothers, .Viir.ll
on Sciah
(if it fo happen, th't the fons expect but his father. tliat he w
tlieir father's death) they at laft detcr- When
;
5ooR II.
^ Chap. IIT. 0/ I NDOSTA N, '2 2'^
When Sm-^fhan had rcign'd forty ly arm'd to contend tor their fathcr'sntMuu
in. I'a-
yrars, moa- like a fatlu'r than a king, kingc'jni. The cunning tox Aur.r.g- ""'>
I lIl'.T ID
bfins^ at the age oi levcnty years, fit- Zcb, whilft thiujjs were in this conlu-^-'^''"^
ter for any thin;; than love ; lie became fion, that he might tlic better furpri/.e
M.
ticljierately amor nis ot" a Mooriflj young his gave out, that he had no
brother,
woman. His imrulv padion prevailing, pretenfions to the crown, but had cho-
he give up lo entirely to her,
hiiiifi'lf fen to bciome a l-'aibir, or poor, to le;ve
lieyonii what becanK his age, that be- God in peace. At the fmie time he -^ '•'•'••'•
ing reJiic'd to ixtream weaknefs, and writ to his brother Morad Bakfce ac-'^
1,13
dclpaiiing ot hi>^ recovery, he fhut him- quaintiiig him, that he had alw.iys been
lllf up tor thi''e months in the Aram, his real friend, anil h.id no pretentions
without, fhcwiiig himfelt to the (leople, to the crown being a profefs'd
himfelf,
arcording to ruilom. He had fix chil- Facbir ; but that Dara being unfit to
dren ; four of them fons call'd, Dura, reign, and a Kafar or idolater ; and
or Darius ; the lecond Siigiah, that is, Sultan Sujah a Refejh, or herctick, an
vilimt prince ; the third Aiircnge Zcb, enemy of his fore-lathers religion, and
that is, ornament of the throne, and unworthy of the cro'vn, he tho"'^l t
the lalf Morad Bakfcc. The two daugh- none but Morad ilcferv'd it, to who/.i
ters were Briîim Sabrh, that is, fuprcam all the Omrabs being acquainted with
princefs and Raitjcmra Begum, that is,
•, his valour, would willmgly fiibmit. As
lightfome priucels, or light of princef- for himfelf, provided he would give him
fes. They take theic names, becaufc his word, that when he came to the
there being no titles of earliloms, duke- throne, he would leave him in peace
doms, or the like, as is usM in Europe ; to pray to God in fome corner of the
they cannot like our princes take the kingdom the refl of his days, he would
name of tliofe lands, for they all bclonp; not only endeavour to atTill him with
to the king, who gives all thotc that his advice, but would join his forces
ferve him airignmcnts at plcafure, or pay with him to deftroy his brother i in
in ready-money. For the fîme reafon token whereof he fent him looooo Rcii-
the Omrabs names arc fuch as thele pies ; advifing him to come with all ex-
that follow, T'htiii.lrr/'r, Breaker of Troops, pedition to rnake himlclf matler of the
Faithful Lord, the Ifîje, the PcrfeH, and fort of Si-.-atte, where tlie treafure was.
the like. Morad Bakfce. who was neither power-
Scia-gehaii marry'd,
feeing his fons ful ror rich, freely accepted his o.ler
He ae-
icioshis grown powerful, alpiring to the crcwn, an(' money, and began immediately to
fons. and confcqucntly enemies to one ano- .\t. like a king, prcmifing great rewards
^,„,,.r
ther, and in luch a condition that it 1 1 thofe th..t would );Jc with him ; lb
R::Juiim was impotlible to fhut them up in the that he raisM a po»verfiil army in a (liort
InaccetTible of Govallor, ace .^rd-
fortrets time. Then gi< ing ofthe command
G. Ml men
to the antient cuilom,
,;.v
ing after mucii three thoufand to Scia-Abas, a va-
r'. h'n.
I. 20.
thinking, for fear they fliould kill one liant eunuch, he fent him to befioge the
;.
another before his face, he refolv'd to caflle of S urate.
remove them from court. He lent Sul- Dara would h.ive relicv'd it, but for-
t.in Sugiab into the kingdom of Betigala ; bore it to p.ttend his '-.Uiicr his ficknefs, !.->
Jurenge Zeh into that of Decau ; Mo- and curb Sultan Ifugab, who after fub-
rad Bakfce into Guzaratte, and to Dara duing the kingdjm of Bengala, where
he gave Cahul and Multan. The three he was govcrpjur, was advanc'd with a
firft went away well plcas'd, and aftcd powerful ainiy into the kingdom of La-
like fovereigns in their governments -, bor. He fent his eldcit fon Solimaii Sce-
'•ri
keeping to themfelves all the revenues, cur againft him with confidcrable forces
and maintaining armies under colour who routed his umde, and drave him
of .awing the fubjefts, and bordering back into Bengala, d leaving good
princes. Dnra, being the eldefb, and garrifons on the frotitiers, he went "back
defign'd for empire, remain'd at court, to his father Dara.
where the fuher feeding him with hopes On the oth-r fiile, Aurengc Zeh fent
of the crown, permitted all orders to his fon Sultrn Mabmud, fon in-law to
pats through his hands, and allow'd him the king r.'i Goleonda, to F.viir Genila,
a throne below his own among the Om- who hy by order of Sriabgeban, at
rabs ; for having oticr'd to refign up the the fiege of Kaliana, to dcfire him to
government to him, Dara refus'd it out meet him at Dautet-Ahad, where he
of refpeift. would communicate a matter of great
t:t.'v The report being fprfâd abroad, up- moment to him. The Emir, «ho was
on Sriah-gebaii's fliutting himfelf up, well acquainted with Aurenge Zeb's ar-
that he wasi dead, his fons immediatc- tifices, cxcub'd liimC'If, laying, his fa-
ther
! ~i'4
(224 i^ Voyage round the IVorld. ^''^^W, Cl.M'. 1
CiMBLti ther was not yet dead and that all his•,
This out to his mind, the t\\(i
fell
'^' mucli t
family was left at Agra^ in the hands ot armies jojning with muiii latisfaction. ;
^"^^^^"^ bcini;
Dara, as hoftagcs for his fidelity for ; Aureiigc /,fb maile MoraJ B.ikfic frclh
(ion
which rcafon he could not aflilt him promilis, protelling over again that he
Lonim,
without tiic ruin of what he held moll liid not irown
alpire to but on- tiic •,
knew
dear. Having rcceiv'd this anfwer, Jii- ly come to help raile him to tlie throne,
.iiul th
rcngf Zeh was no way difcouray'd, but in oppofition to Dura, their common
fair w
lent Sultan Mazum, his fecond fon to enemy. They both movM towards
tenancc
the Emir ; who managM things fo well, Brainpur, where coming to a battle widi
trap .
that he perfwaded him to go with him the army of Siiab-gdhiii, and Dura, T>.irj\
open I
to Dolfl Abad, with the flower of his which came to hinder them p.ilHng tliei'fn t;
lione.
army, he having made himfcif mailer river Ogcnc ; the gcncr.ds Kdj<-m and'^''^'''
in all
of KiiHana. Auifiigi; Zeb rcceiv'd him Cham, and Gcffon-fcughe were overthrown
;:
5i- lame
with extraordinary ilemonllrations of af- by the v.dour of Morad, with the fiaugh-
from il
feclion and honour v calling him Balu, ter of eight thoufand Hagipu's.
greed
and Riibitgi, that is, father, and lord and Ahrad Brakjce flulh'd with the fuccefsflimfiT
nuch,
father and after giving him an hundred
•, of the battle, coveted nothing but Cglit-'ûiu.
the alfc
embraces, taking him afide he told him, ing ufing all pollible means to ovcr-
1
When
it was not realonablc that his family t.ike the enemy i whilll Aiiriwige Zrb
fcnf
Jie
Ixing in Dara's hands, he fhould ven- grown vain, cncourag'd his foldiers, giv-
tp the
ture to do any thing for him publickly ; ing out he had thirty thoufand Ahtûls
•Sciiih i;
but that on the other hand there was of party among D(^^.^'s Ibrccs.
his llav-
frince
no dithculty but might be overcome. I ing taken fomc rell, they fought the fe-
is men
will therefore propole a method to you, cond battle at Samongbcr, where Morad
guarils,
-Ji fiid he, which will not appear flrange Bakfce, tho' wounded by the i;eneral Ram-
.
Went re
to you, when you think on the fifety fengherutle, fighting couragioully, kill'd
mailer
of your wife and children i which is, him. Whilfl the event of the battle was
cciving
thai, you permit me to imprifon you, flill dubious, the traitor Calil-ullab-kan,
had laii
which all the world will think is in who commanded thirty thoufand Ah- Ian Mab
earned, believing you arc no man that gills, with whom he might have routed
but he,
will take it in jell, and in the mean the enemy, did not only go over to
the keys
while I will make ufe of part of your Aiirenge Zeb, but falfly perfwaded Darit
m.ide the
troops, of your cannon, and fome of to come down from his elephant, and I-irriMn? vernour i
your money, which you have fo often get a horfc-back, and this to the end !,:; lilher. old king
oflTcrM me, and will try my fortune. that the foldiers him, might
not feeing and all i
The Emir, either becaufe he was a fworn fuppofe he was kill'd, and fo difmay 'em. neither f
friend to Aiireiige Zeb, or on account It fell out as he defign'd, for being all
much lei
of the great promifes he had made him feiz'd with fear, they fled to efcape Ati-
As foon il
1> ! at other times ; or clfe by reafon he renge Zeb. Thus Dara on a fudden lolt were obli;
^';<$ faw Sultan Mazum well arm'd Handing the viiflory he had almofl: gain'd, and
reiige Zeb
by him, and Sultan Mj/j;;j«(/ looking up- was overthrown ; and feeing himfelf declare f(
on him with a (lern countenance ; fub- forfaken, was forc'd to to five his
fly
ing now
mitted to all his will, fuffering himfcif life. So that it may be fiid, that Au- thought I
to be confin'd to a room. The news renge Zeb, by continuing on his fledtafl

and leavi
being fpread abroad, his men ran to elephant, crown himfelf the
\,ym- arms to refcue him, and being very of hidoftan
fecur'd to
and Dara was thrown out
•,
vernour
Aforad B
'
numerous would have done it, had not of the throne by coming down from The da
Aureiige Zeb appeas'd them with iair his. A diverfion fortune often t.ikes, gra, Mor.
words, promifes, and gifts ; fo that to make the greateft viftories depend cularly hi
not only the £;«/>'s troops, but moll of on the moll contemptible accidents. The that fince
Sciab-geban's feeing things in confufion, unhappy Dara returning to Agra in Zeb himfi
fided with him. Having therefore pof- defpair, durfl not appear before his fa- jefly; he
'
It 5
. :
; i . .
-l.
fefs'd himfcif of the Emir's tents, ca- ther, who, when he took his leave, h.td and flay
mels, and baggage, he march'd to take liiid to him,Be fure Dara never to comi!
Agra and
Suratte ; but hearing within a few days into vi^ fight tinlefs vU'lorioiis. Nevertlie- confidence
that the governour had already furren- lefs the good old man did not omit to and in th^
dred it to Morad Bakfce, he fent t.. con- fend to comfort him, and aflure him of had taken
gratulate with him, and tell him what his affedion. coran, th;
had happened with Emir Gemla ; what P'our days after, Aurengc Zeb, and,^,r,T;, he fet oui
forces and money he had ; and what fe- Morad Bakfce came to a garden a fui,illZ<i> ^3
Zeb. At
':'. ;
i; i defiring him,
cret intelligence at court league from the fort of Agra ; and'^'^s'"' from Agi
he was to go from Brampur
that fince thence fent an ingenious and trufty eu- vour'd to
to Agra, he fhould endeavour to meet, nuch to pay thtir refpefls to Sciah-gether had
and confer with him by the way. ban ; and to tell him they were very
ver; advis'd hii
m;
n'.ich
Vot. I
!»'
!
3()0K II.
^ c,,,^,, in. 0/ I NDOSTAK 225
e two nuKJ* troubled at all that had happened, it were but that day, upon pretence ofCtMiiti
'^'y?-
l)(.inij coinpeil'd to it by Dara'n ambi- indifpofiiion ; but he continuing incre-
lidh but were moll ready to obey his dulous, and in a manner infatuated with"^*^^^
tion i
!uc he Siiah gfhait, tho' he well his fwtet wonts, did not only go, but
Lomin.uids.
Lit on-
kiKW how eager liis fon was to reign, ftaid to fup with him. The f.dle wretch SciCcj Mf
liroiic,
ami tliat was no trulling to his
there Ihew'd him all manner of kintlncfs,'''"^^'''^''
iiDinuii
fair words Ihtw'd a good coun-
; yet even to the wijiing oil" his fwcat with
dw.irIs
tfn.incc to the eunuch, defigning to in- his handkerchief, always talking to him
Ic wiih
trap Aiiii'iige Zeh, without coming to as king, and giving him the title of
Diirn, D.irj; open torce, as was then proper to have majclly ; but as foon as he faw hin\
llg tlli;l"Hf li;
done. But he, wiio was thorough fkill'd overcome by the fumes of Saras, and
i.'t and ''•'''''• in all frauds, took his father in the Cabul-wlnc, he arole from tabli;, and
tlirowii
fame liiare for putting off the vifit
; encouraging his broth'^r to carry on
llaugli-
from day to day, which had been a- th(- dtliaud; with Mircan, and other
greed upon between then by the eu- officers there prelent, went away, as if
fucccfiHimfiif nuch, fpcnt the mean time in gaining he h.id gone to take his reft. Morad
the alRclion« of the Omrabs undcrh;.nd. Bakfce, who lov'd drinking, making
) ovcr- When Iv thought things were ripe, himlelf drunker than he was, at length
ge Zi'b lie len'' his cliiell fon Sulian Mahmud fell aflecp ; whicli was what Aarrnge
•s, giv- to the fort on pretence to fpcak to Zeb cxpedcil, in order to take away
Ahiids ciiiah gi'lmn trom liim. This bold young his fciiniter, and Gcmder or dagger.
\l\y- coinipg to the gate, fell with Then returning into the room,
he be-
frincc
the k- is men th.u lay in readineis upon the gan upbraid him in tlieli: words,
to
Muruil guartis, Ani\ putting them to Hight, fVhut a Shame, what a difgraee is ibis
\\ Ram- went rclol'.itcly in, and made himfeif for a King as you are to be fo debaucb'd,
, killM mailer of the wa'Is. Sciah-gehan per- as to make himfeif thus Drunk ? IVhat
ule was ceiving he was fallen into the fnare he Kill the Uôrld fay of you, and of me ^
la/jkiiH, had lai for his fon, try'd to bribe Sul-
! Let this bale Man, this Drunkard be
id AIo- tan Mahmud with the otFer of the crown, bound Hands and Feet, and Jhu! up, to
routed but lie, without being mov'd, carry'd digrft his limine. This was immediately
over to the keys of the fort to his father, who executed, and Morad Bakjee's ccjnimand- If
d Diira made the fime governour Ekbarkan, go- crs being offended at his imprifonmcnt, V- \i % i
It, and Inpn'on! vcrnour of it. He prefently ihut up the Aurenge Zeb pacify'd them with gifts
the end hi uJier. old king with his daughter ''>•{;«« Sahe'i, and promilcs, and took them all into
, might and all the women fo thai '"' could -, his pay. His unfortunate brother was
ây 'tni. neither fiK-ak nor write to any body, fhut up in an Ambri, which is a little
ing all much lels go out of his apartment. wooden houfe they let on an elephant to
,pe //«- As foon as this was done, all the Omrahs carry women, and fo convey'd to Dehli,
en lolt were oblig'd to make their court to Au- to the little fort of Salemgber, fcatcd in
and retige Zeh, and Morad Bakfce, and to the middle of the river.
himfclf declare for the firfl of them. He be- Having fccur'd Morad Bakfee, he pur-
five his ing now well cftablifh'd, took what he fu'd Dara ; leaving Stdtan Mahmud, and
lat ^li- thought fit out of the king's treafure ; Etnir Gemla to dcftroy Sultan Sujab.
on his and leaving his uncle Scia-heft-kan go- But Mahmud afpiring to thofc things
crown vernour of the city, went away with he ought not yet to have aim'd at, and
wn out
from
takes,
Morad Bakfce in purfuit of Dara.
The day they were to fet out of A-
gra, Morad Bakfce's friends, and parti-
being naturally proud, fell at variance
with Emir Gemla, about commanding
in chief, which he pretended to belong
m
cpend cularly his eunuch Scia-Abas, told him, to him alone and now and then let
-,
The that fince he was king, and Aurenge flip fome words of contempt and threat-
\h\
ra
Jgra in Zeb himfeif gave him the title of ma- ning againfl him, and fuch as did not
his fa- jcfty he ihould fend him againd Dara,
-, bcof.ne a dutiful fon. Then fearing
e, h.id and ft.iy himfeif with his troops about that his fitther on account of his ill
'jM
to COIIll! Agra and Dehli. But he had fo much behaviour had given r.dcrs to the E-
verthe- confidence in his brother's promifes, tnir to I'ecure him , he wirh-drcw with
)mic to and in the mutual oath of fidelity they a few followers to Sultan Sujab, making
lim of had taken to one another upon the Al- him great promifes, and fwearing to be
coran, good faithful ; but he fearing fome contri-ImpriConj
b, anti ,/,.-,?., he fet
that defpifing
out towares Dehli,
with Aurenge
all counfel,
vance of Aurenge Zeb, and the Emir, ^'^ <^l>iclt
m
a fin.ili^.i'^ Zeb. At Matiirns, four days march '"• '
and'^'î'- from Agra, his friends again endea-

caus'd all his actions to be ohfcrv'd i
fo that Mahmud in a few months re-
W>
ft y eu- vour'd to convince him, that his bro- turn'd to the Emirh camp. Others (ay it
ther had ill defigns in his head; and was a projeft of Aurenge ZcbS to fend
^:v;ii;l
•c ver advis'd him to forbear vifitine him, tho' him to his uncle, to ruin them both,
in Vol. IV. tn .m M or
'
'126 jl Voyage round the IV orU. BookhJ r

C«Mii.tior .It Icill .1 lijccious jjfctcncc to mak': iiig lome foil!
"'''5
lure ol liiin •, bccaulc .ificrwanls, bc- came to \wi alliltanci', tiound him, hi',
v
the threatiiing letters he writ to wife and lixi, Ui/.inv all their jcwrls, Iv. I
'''"^^'^' fulcs
and n\oncy. him on lily
rccal liini to Dt'bli, lie ciu.sM liim Id be 'I'heti letting anUo>.,'
arrclk'it imon the river C/jWi-cj, ami cleph.mt, with an executioner bchiml, the
dole lluit up an Jmbri to (Javii who was to kill him it he .utemptid tu derhi
ll'iu ill
eonducti\l him to the camp S,-ng/

Ifor. clcape, lie
Vi-ngi-
.Iiireiigi- 7.fh liavirif; jicrlorniM this at 'I'ataiakai, where he dtlivcr'il him
who neigl
work, iL-rit to w.irii his otluT Ion Sui- up tu the gdicr.d Mitbaha, eaus'il
t.iiih.
liiii Mdiiiin to continue in his iluty, hiin to Ik; larry'd in the lame manner to
iinlefs wouKi be
li;rvM in ilie lame
lie Agra, and thence to Drbli. When he
triy*'
waii'-i
nvwiner was a nice point to
; bccaule it was come to the g.ite of that city, Aii-
rengi' Zib, and Im
li)n n\
reign, anil kings ought to Ik jealous council diller'd in
ol their own lliailows. Then going opinions, whether they fliould carry
to Drl'll, he began to act .is king ; arul him through the city, or not, in order was
flint
wiiillt the /'.mir \iri-ls\\ Siiîah, who to lend iiini to ViovaL-',r, and at lall it
II
Was relojv'd to let him li.urvily liaii, not wi

in.ule a brave oppofilion, lecuring the
^r Aitr,
p.iU'ige ol the river Clangs, he con- with his wile and Ibn, on a |iitiliil '.1.1
tiiv'il to get Diira into hi. power by elephant, and lb carry him through tlie cms
U\i.
fr.iuil, toning him to quit (lUzaiatle. tiiy, with the inlamoiu Paian by him.
Morad
In tlie me.ui while Ammge Zcb was in-
je.iloul
) lo m.uic the Raja (irjfcit Saiighr write a
triv'd
letter him, he woulil fpeak with
to tell lorm'd, th.it all the city was incens'd
ning of
him about a matter ol grc.it moment ag.iinll him, on .iccount ol his m.my
Very wi
on the w.iy to /tgra. Data, wlio hail cruelties and mil doubting tlie firlf,
i
g.uhei'il an inililierent army, unadvi- he lummon'il his council, to determine to feize
leiily came out of .Imdl-Abad, and lia- whether it w.is better to li ml him to made h
lUil to Afiniie, tight liays journey from prifon, or jnit him to death. Many and dei
/lg>a. I lere, two late ilileovering ijif- were ol the lirll opinion ; but Dara'i vcnge f(
jcn Sciighi's treachery, anil letinc; no pol- old enemies, elpeiiaJly Nukim Daitd, a of the
caule S..
fibility of returning To loon to Anud- phylici.in, llattering the tyrant's incli-
to mill
/Had, which was thirty lour il.iy.s jour- nation, cry'd out aloud, it was conve- I
wlioli'
ney dillant, in lummer, with Icarcity nient for the fdety ol the kingdom,
I
Accordir
ol w.iter, and through the hands ol that he lliould die, a\%\ the more, bc-
out any
caufe he was no Mujj'uhnan, but a Kafcr^
i
iLver.il A'i//ii's, friends to 'Jcffim •,

he at
rad'% nc.i
lall refoivM, tho' he knew
himlelf to be or idolater. Aurcwii' Zrb readily lom-
.) Dfr: lic-
it itcJ a-
interior in
battle Dara wai
forces, to light him. In tiiis
not only by
Ixitray'd,
1)1 y'd, immediately ordering that Sapefce-
Kub Ihould be carry'd prilonrr to d'c- 1
atcly
There
per
CJin.
Siia-Nai\izd-aii, but by all his olHcers, vaUcr, and Dara put to death by the
;; rcni^c Zd
thJ' he 1
wlio fir'tl his cannon without ball, lb hands of a Have, call'd Nazar. He
yet was
tliat he was forced to fly to lave liis going in to execute the barbarous com- ;
brother's
lite, and to croli all tlic countries of mand, Dara, who was himfelf drelFing
the F.mir
Riija's there are from Ajiniri- to ylmeJ- lonie lor fear of poilon, lorc-
lentils
forces int
Aldii without tents, or baggage, in the
; leeing what was coming upon him, cry'd
hottcll leafon, and with only two thou- out to his fon, lee he comes to kill me.
near its m
the fall c
land foliiiers, who were moll of them Then taking a kitchin knite, he would
Here, ha
Rripp'd by the Kiillys, peafants of the have defended himfelf v but the execu-
fell to t
country, who are the grcatefl thieves in tioner fell on, and throwing him clown,
wjiich wai
///(.';(/. Being come with lb much difii- cut olV his head, which was carry'd to
Ion Sultan
;;'•. '
cuity within a day's journey oi Atiud-A- the fort to Aurcngc Zeb, and he order-
:
or Mog, i
had, the governour, who w.is corrupted ing it to lie put into a difli, walli'd it
ro give h
by Aiireiige Zcb, lent him word to come with his own hiinds, to be lure it w.is
I-
,
. ' ^
m
. ,Min
no
fhut.
nearer, for
Dara much concern'd
and not knowing wliat co rclolvc on,
lie would find the gates
at this news,
his brothers, and when he found it was,
began to lament, faying. Oh unbtrpp^
Man \ tah it out ofmy fight, and Ut
in his
a vcflel to
ing a mind
of Aracaih
cout
he bctliought him of a powerful Patau, it be i.'ury'd in the Tomb of Humagon.

g.ileafrcs (
call'd Gion-Kan, whole life he had twice At night he caus'd his ckiughters to be
Brambe, a
fav'd, when Sciagehan had commanded put into the leraglio, ancT afterwards
S jab wen
11 I
him to be
to tlie elephants Ibr re-
call lent her to Siia-gcban,and Begum Sa-\i -.
being broi;
bellion. Him
he purpos'd to repair to, heb, whodelir'd And Sapefce-Kub \fA!>i"-«--
it i
ceiv'ii; bu
notwithllanding his fon Sapefw-Kub, and carry'd to (iovalfor, Cion- Kan was re. form'd noi
his wife's difTwafions. Coming thither warded lor his treachery ; but was kill'd
a fliip to
he was at firfl courteoufly rcceiv'd i but in a wood as he return'd home, ro ]irov« j
every day
the next morning the lalfe and ungrate- that men love the trcafon, but liate the
complain t
ful Patun fell upon him with many arm'd traitor.
and tho* 5
There
ini
I!
• . '
Chap. HI. 0/ I ISI DO S rA N. 2 '27

; that
I'luTc wai non'" left ot Dtiiu'^ taim courtt witli gre.it prclints, yet it .UMil'd
II, III')
Iv, \n)t Soliman Sirkiih, who was not ea nothiring. I'JKfi iifkiiii^ one of .V/,';„/i
icwi-ls,
lily to be drawn from Scrfniighi-r, had !i'.s ilaughtcrs
Siijah's marriage, and liiid-
ilauiihtcrs in marria!ie,
on aiilkiij)'!
word
the Rnjii kept his hut the un
•, ing llie was not immedi.itily granteil liim,
icliincl,
ilcrhand prai'ticcs o\ the Raja GrJ/iit the barbarian was It) enra[.','d, th.it he o
Itnl 111
,V,'vi;/'r*, and threats ot /V//
the promilis blig'd tile poor fugitive pi'iice to ai?l a
i.inii>
ii'iii^r /.fh, the death ot D.irrt, and tlie delperate parr. lie iliou'^lit with ihrcc
il him
neighbouring Hnia's, made him break his hundred foldicrs he brought from Iki.^î-
laiisM
IIKT 10
faith. Solimiin underll imiinR he was be- la, and the allill.mce ol th.e lUnuUu.s M
trayM, tied over ilelirt mountains, to- of the country whom he had corru|)ted,
hen he
wards the p,reat 1'thit, but the Ritj.i's to break into the pal.iic, kill .dl lie lound,
y, Jii-
(on overtook .md ftopp'd him, wounil and make himfilt king of .//.lo/w but ;
I'r'd in
in^ him with a (lone •, after wliich he the day Ik lore he was lo put tliii in txe-
carry
was convey'd to /)(/'/(, where he was lUtioM, the ileCign was dilcovci'd, and ;Vi^;:
onlcr
1
Hint up in Sr/riighrr, witli Mornd liikjcc, lie olJig'd in fly towards Pr^^lt to fne l.i
hill il
not without tears of all the Omnihi. lite, tho' it was imponible to (opie (lii
I
il.ul,
ther by realon of the v.id mount, liiis .md
|r
M .: Aurrn^f Z.-h perceiving there were po-

pitiliil
ems handed about in commendation of forrells he was to p.iis through. '1 li it
ii;;,h liic ;;'! 'tt;

Mnr.iti Bakfu-\ valour, it rais'd I'uch a fane d.iy he was overt iken by the king's
ly him.
jealoufy in him, lii.it lie prelintly ron- men, and tho' he deknded liin)liil' wuli
was in
bemn- nuKli bravery, killing a great number,
triv'd his death. Mor.t.l, at the I
I
iiK'eiis'd
nin^ of tlie war had kill'd one Snji-rl, a yet li) many h II updH liim, th.it at lail
i m.iny
very wealthy man at /ImcdAbiul, only lie fubmit to
w.is f<jrc'd to his fite, .'>'/(/-
ic firll,
to fcize upon what he h.ui. I'he tyrant Ian lluiihc who was not j'/.'ne lb far,
.tcrminr 'i/i 1
made his Ions apjiear in a full aflembly, made his defence too, I uc being hurt \- ^ \v\\
him to with llones, and enconijials'd on all fides,
Aw\ demand that prince's he.ul, in re-
Many venge for their fatiier's death. Not one. was taken, with two little brothers, a
Diira'i
;
of the Omrat'S oppos'd it, as well be- filler anti his nmthcr. As for Sttllaii
Dauil, .1
caufe of Mnbomct'% family, as
S,ij,-H w.is Sujah himfelf, there arc dilVerent ac-
t's inth- counts 1 fome lay he w.is wounded on
to comply with the will oi Aur, Zch.
5 conve- they knew thir was. the mountains only four of his men be-
whole invention
inyiiom, him, and that an eunuch
Accordingly they were permitted witli ing left .ibout
ore, lic-
wound on
out .my manner of procefs, to have A/o- h.iving drefs'd the his he. id,
a Kiipr, r,j,/'s head cut off i which was immcili- lie lied acrofs woods
the others •,
will
ly lom- atcly perform'd at Govalror. have it that he was found among the
Seipefce-
I''ic en
There is now none Iftt to oppofe /lu- dead, but not perfeiily known ; otliiri
to
rcii^c Zcb, but only Sultan Sujah, who
(I'e-
that he was .ifterwardb fcen at MaJ'ip.i-
by the
tho' he held out fonic time in Rciigal,i, lan \ others ,iear Surnlte i and others in
/;. He yet was at laff forc'd to fubmit to his fine, that he was fled towards Pcijia ; fb
)as com- brother's power and good fortune ; for that by leafon of thele diflerent account.^,
lirciring
the Emir (Jrmir, purliiing him wit!) his Auicniî- Zili one day in jcft fii that Srt- 1
tore- the Ganges makes jah was turn'd pilgrim. The mod re-
forces into the iflands
n, cry'd !.,; 'if-**
near its mouth, fcrc'd him to fly to Dahc, ceiv'd opinion is, that he dy'd in tlie fray,
kill me. the lall city of litngala on the fca fidi'. if he was not kill'd by lobbers, or wild
ic would Here, having no fhips to commit him- bealls, of which thoft: lorrcfts are full.
cxccu feif to the ocean, and not knowing After this dififter all his family was im-
11 down, wiiich way to efcapc, he fent his ctdelT prilhn'il, and the king took his elded
irry'd to
Ion Sullan Ranch/' to the king of Jra.am d.iughter to wife , but anutiier (onfpiraty
order- or Mog, a heathen prince, to pray him of Sultan Banchf being afterwards dif-
afli'd it
him protection for the prcfcnt cover'd, he was fo inr.i'^'il tli.it he c.uis'd
to give
it W.1S
in his country, and in the proper Icafon them all to be put to death, even to her
it was,
a vclTel to carry him to Mvk.i, he hav- tli.it was his wife and
'»
[1
with child. The \.-
ffinl<(rppv
ing a mind to go to Mccdi. The king men were put to the fword, and the wo-
a It J lei
m.igon.
of Aracam
galeaffes or
prclently
half
fcnt a
galleys
number of
with Sithan
men rtarv'd to death.
The unnatu;al w.tr being thus at an Kv.ic^ i.i.
rffiiP
s to be Brambe, and a civil aiifwer as to the reft. end, ader it had Lifted ihio;^h the aiil- "'"; "''>
lerwards Sujah went aboard with his women, and bition of rule, among '''"""
the tour brorh.ers
tim Sii-\[ being brought to that king, was well rc- from the ye.ir iTi.,.^ till i6()u, Aurciige
was'c:-
'lib
ceiv'd; but wiien the fcalbn came he per- Z.ch rcmain'd peaecidile t'oflinor of that
Iwas re-
form'd not his word of furniniiiig him v.ift empire for after lii iiukh blood
-,
s kill'd
a fhip to go to M:-cca but appearing
-, ftied, and lb many enormities comiiLtced,
]irov« every day more cold to him, began ta it was e.ifij to caule iiimfeff to be cleclar'tl
itr the complain tluc Sujah did not vifit him, king with the conlent of all the great
and tlio' StiltM Raiuhe often made his one. The grcatell oblVacIj he found
There waj,
;
228 ^ yoyage round the WorU. Book IL
Gemelli was, the grand Cadi who was to put him favour, becaufe flic having an influence
m It 1
(
1
'^95' in polTc'irion, and pleaded, tiwt according
^-^^"^ to the law of Mahomet ami that of na-
over her father, being his wife ami
daughter, had preferv'd to tiim fo many
ture. no man could be declar'd king. jewels of incrcLlible value, wiien Scia-
whilft his was yet living, much
flither gehnn olVended tliat he had font for them
iefs Aurcnge Zeh,who had put to death whilll he was living, to adorn the throne
his eldcft brother Dura, to whom the he had ulurp'd, was about to reduce
crown bclong'd after tiu: death of his them to powder in a mortar. Belidcs
iFather Sda-gehan. To overcome tiiis fhe had given him much gold, and let
difficulty he aflcmbled the dodors of the out the Mofûe he went into before his
law, and told them, that as for his fa- cntring the fort, with rich carjiets. She
ther he w;'- unfit to rule, by reafon of was af'terwarils carry'il in honourable
his age and for his brother Dara^s
•, manner to 'Jehanahat, and there dy'd,
ilcath he had caus'd him to be executed with fufpicion of being poilbn'd.
for contemning the law, by drinking wc now look back into the life ofDitine
If
wine, and favouring infidels. Adding Scia-geban, wc ihall find that he wasi"il«f.
threats to thefe rcafons he made tiie punilli'il by the hand of God as he had
Mabuvii-tan cafuifts agree, tiiat he de- defcrv'd, for the wrong he had done his
ferv'd the crown and t)i.iglit to be de- nephew Bulakl, ufurping the crown from
clar'd king.The Cadi Hill oppofing him, him.
he was depos'd and anotiicr put in his Gebangbir, king of India, fon of Ae-S.-r'
im-m-'r place, who for the kindnefs recciv'd, con- bar, ancl grandfon of Ilumagion, after"' -;
fented *->that was requirM of him.
all having reign'd twenty three years peace-"'
Aurcngf accordingly coming to the
.'el> ably, was ilillurb'd by the ambition of
Mofqiie ^1 the 20th of Oclohcr 1660, his fons, who thought that life lalfcd
'/A cn- feated liimfelf on the richelt throne that too long, which obilructed their getting
Wl: tliron'J.
ever was feen in the >vorld, being the into power. The cMcil rais'd migh-
fxme that was begun by Tavwhxne and ty army about Z.id>or to poflcfs his fa-
finifli'd by Scia-^cbaii, receiving tliere ther's throne was his due ; the
brtbre it
the homage of all the great men, as is king to punifl) his prcfumption march'd
the cuftom of the country. Afterwards ngainft him with numerous forces, and
there was great rejoycing at Jdhwahat defeating his troops, brought him away
and throughout all the kingdom. prifonci with thofe great men that had
Aun-nge Zcb confidcring tiic hcinouf- tfpous'il his caufe. But being of a mer-
luncc.
nefs of the crimes he had committed for ciful difpofition, and unwilling to imbrue
iii the cOiiipalTing of his ends voluntarily ; his hands in the blood of his Ion, whom
impos'd on himfelf a rigorous abfînence, he could not but love, he was fiitisfy'd
not to eat for the future any wheatcn- with holding a red hot iron to his eyes,
bread, filh, or flefh and to live upon
; and keeping him in that condition abouc
'^^^l^-fii barley-bread, rice, herbs, fwcct-meats him defigning to raife his fon Sulhut
-,
and fuch things ; nor to drink any fort Bulaki to the throne. But Sultan Curotn,
of liquor but water. who afterwards took the name of Seia-
h !epmv- AmbafTadors from the prime princes gchnn, believing that he as lecond fbra
edhy (lie of Afui and Africk came to his court to to Geban Gbir, ought to be prefer'd in
^'"S."' congratulate his accelTion to the crown -, rightbefore his nephew reiblv'd to -,
"^"''
but he was much offended at the letter leaveno means unattemptcd to caft him
fent him by the king of Perfia, upbraiu- down and raife himfelf, without expect-
ing him with the murder of Dara, and ing his father's death. 1 le conceal'd his
imprifonment of Scia-gebaii, as being wicked dellgn under cloak of a
the
aftions unworthy a Alujfidmcui, and the counterfeit ohetlicnce, he gain'd his
till
fon and brother of a Mnffiilman ; and re- father's gootl will -, and when he thought
•:i.^:t fledling on him foi the title he hati af- himfelf well grounded in his favour,
fum'd of Alem-Guirt', tliat is, lord of defir'dhe would give him leave to car-
îr the world, concluded challenging him in ry his blind brother into the kingdom
thefe words. Since you are Alcm-Guirc, of Daeaf!, where he was governour ;
/ fend you a Stvord and Ilorfcs ibat we flying, he (hould by this means take
may meet. out of his fight a difpleafing objod,
Sti4i-g{hitn
iiesTar.
itii.
^
Sciii-gehan dy'd m the fort of Agra
about the end of the year 6(16, and Au-
''^"?<^ ^''''' ^'^° ''""J
i
'""B wilh'd to be
and his brother would live more pcare-
ably. The king not diving into C/or-w's
dcfign, cciikMUcd to it ; but he ha\ iiig
T
deliver'd from that continual reproach got the poor juince into his haiiils, con-
of his tyranny, went thither immedi- triv'd to make him away in fuch maniitr,
ately to fecurc all his father's jewels. that no man imagine he had lum
coiiUl
He recciv'd his fifter Beûm .'inbd' into fo cruel as to poifon him. Tliis done he
chaii^M
iiiii'
OOK IL
•
Chap. IV. G/ I NDOSTA N. 229

changM name
into that of Sciah-ge-
liis when it was to be done, to go twoGrMEi.i.i
hnn, that king of the world, and rai-
is, leagues out of Agra to meet the body, '^"^5-
fing a numerous army, fee forward to that honour being due to a prince of•'v^'VJ
make war on his fatiier, who was jull- the blood, tho' an enemy. Scia-gchan
]y provok'd, and
the more for his ion's came himfelf in difguifi;, and when he
death. Jchnnguir went out in perfon was in fight of the army near Agra,
with a great Urength, againlt the wick- was laid on a bier, and carry'd as if
ed and ambitious Curom ; but age and he were dead. All the principal con-
grief, to fee himfelf fo much wrong'd, fpirators came with Afuf into the tent,
ended his days by the way, and made it where he was laid, as it were to do
caiie tor the otlier to compafs his de- honour to the de.ad prince, and when
figns. However Jehanguir before his they faw the young king was come out
deatli recommended his grandfon Sul- of Agra, uncovering the bier, they made
iau Biilaki to Jfuf-Kan, generalifTimo of Scia-geban Hand up in the prefence of
his army, and prime minifter of ftate, all the army, and declaring him king
and to all the great officers, command- with a loud voice, they, and all the
ing them when he was dead, to acknow- reft by their example, i'wore fealty to
ledge none for their true and lawful fo- him. Bulaki receiving this difmal news
^.
vereign but Bulaki ; and declaring Sultan by the way, being in a conllernation, had
Curom a rebel, and incapable of fuc- no hones of lafety but in flying ; which
ceeding in the throne. Befides he made was cafy to be done, bccaufe his ene-
them Iwear, and particularly Jfuf-Kan, mies thought not ;iropcr to purfue him.
that they would never confen: that Bu- He wandercil ai)out InJiu a long time,
laki lliould be put to death ; which he becoming a FaJjir but at laft tir'd with
;
afterwards faithfully perform'd, but not that painful employment, lie retir'd into
to fettle him on the throne, having de- Perjia, where he was nobly receiv'dand
(ign'd that for Sc'ui-gehan his fon-in-law. entertainM by Scia-Sof. Scia-gehan be-
The death of Jehanguir being known, ing left without any rival, yet fearing
all grc.u men
the acknowledg'd the the flidlions there might be for the law-
young Sultan Bulaki for their king. Two ful king, by degrees, put to death all
of his coufiiis, foon ^lerceiving the wick- thole that were wcIl-afTeded to his ne-
ed defign of Auf-Kait, were the caufe phew, m.iking the firft years of his reign
of their own de.itlis, and his Ining the famous for cruelty. Thus his being in
crown, by dilcovering the fecret to him ; his lile-time depriv'd of his kingdom by
becaul'e he being unskill'd in the my- his fon, is to be look'd upon as a juflr
ftery of reigning, ask'd the qucftion of judgment of God, which the longer it is
Jjiif-Kan himfelf, who having fwore he defer'd the heavier it falls.
would ever be faithful to his king, pri- Thefe are the methods of fecuring the
vately contriv'd the death of the two throne of Indoftan, not found out by
princes. Then confidering that the king any cuftom of that people, but pro-
ill
having notice of the confpiracy, it was ceeding from the want of good laws,
ilangerous to defer the execution of it, concerning the title of birth-right. There-
and finding himfelf powerful in the num- fore every prince of the blood thinks he
ber of his followers, he gave out that has a fufficient claim to the crown, and
Scia-gchan was dead, and his body would expofing himfelf to the cruel neceffity of
be carry'd to he bury'd at Agra, with overcoming to reign, fonietimcs involves
the bones of Jehanguir, as he had de- an infinite number of lives in his own
iir'd before his death. He himfelf brought ruin, that another may be the more fe-
the news to Bulaki, perfuading him curcly clbiblilli'd.
C H A P. IV.
jliHIl
'The Gcncaolo^y of the Great Moguls, twd other Things the Author ohferv'd at
that Court.
Tl 1
which
F, vail:
in
empire
the
of the Mogul,
Indian language fig-
an, and
tuguefc,
fome countries held by the Por-
and other petty kings and on-,
,<'
the country be- the north reaches to mount Caueafus,
,
nifies IFhii,; contains all it
tween the livers Jmlus and Ganges. It and the country of

Zagotay ; on the
borders on the cart with the kingdoms north call of it is the kinfrdom of Bu- 'I . <:
of Aracan, Tipa, and Ajfen ; on the well tan, whence the musk is brought. .So that
with Perjia, and the L'~beck Tartars ; on the length of it from Brngala to Canda-
the fouth of it is the great Indian occ- hor is no iefs than fix months journey,
Vou IV. N n n and
; ;
230 -^ Voy^^^ found the World. Book II. Chap. I
Gemei-ui and its breadth from north to fouth at dom to his fon Sultan Selim, call'd by mule
'695- lead four. another name Jehan-guir-patfia, that is, ropcan.
The that laid the foundation of conquering emperor of the world ; at
m-m ^^cH^
rounder this
firit
mighty monarchy wxs Tamerlane, his death he left four fons. Sultan Kofru,
Hi,
Afte
iiungcof felf thi
of thcmo-otherwife called Teymour ; who by his Sultan Kurom, Sultan Peruiz, and Scia bloody
i
iiii-'-
lurcli)'.
wonderful conquelh from India to Po- Daniel.
land, tiir furpafs'd the renown of all for- Sultan Kurom fucceeded his father Je-
mer commanders. He iiad one leg fhor- han-guir, by means of the ill praftices a-
ter tlian the other, and was therefore bovementional, and was acknowledged
call'd the lame ; and here we may take for their fovereign by the great men ot
notice of his (harp faying to this efteft, rhe kingdom in tlie fort of /Igra, by
to Bajazeth emperor of the Turks, whom the name of Sultan Sciabedin Muhammed
he overthrew and took prifoner. Cau- but he would be call'd Scia-gehan. Next
fing him to be brought into his pre- to him came Aureiigc Zeb attending the
fence the fame day, and looking him throne of Indoftan, through fuch cruel
fteddily in t!ie face, he fell a laughing praftices. He took the name of Au-
whereat Bajazdh offended faid, Dn not renge-Zeb-Alem-Ghire, that is, lord of
laugh at my ill fortune Tamerlane ; know the world, believing he poflels'd three
that God 'xho be/loKS kingdoms and
it is parts of it. For this realon he carry'd
empires, and that all thai has befallen me as his peculiar enfign a golden globe,
to day may happen to you to morrow. Ta- and had it in his leal ; and always tore
merlane without the leafl concern an- ofl' one corner of the paper he wrote
/ knot" very well Bajazeth, that
fwer'cl, on, to exprefs that the fourth part of
it is God w'm be flows Ungdoms and empires. the world was not his. He added to ./,
m'''-.l|"' J do not laugh at your misfortune, but bc- his empire the kingdoms of I'ifapor ami '^
caufe, confidering your countenance,I per- Golconda, the kings whereof he kept pri- i
ceive that tbefe kingdoms and empires arc loners inmy time, part of the territory
iV.., ,) very inconfulerable things with God ; fince of Savagi, and of other petty princip.i-
be beflows them on fuch ugly fellows as lities in Indoftan.
v;e are \ you a fquinting clown, and I a Aurengc Zeb labour'd to gain the rc-H'
Sfrn. Ht- lame wretch. Tamerlane was not of mean putation of being a ilrift obferver of thei:
ij/. ..'fj
extraftion, as fome imagine, but of the Mahometan law, and a lover of juftice. II.-. r-.n
ejhitsJu
^^^^ pf Scia-ms Cham, king of Tarta- He had fo diftributed his time, that lie
Tom. 2. O'- "^ ^'^^ aorn at Samarcana, a coun- could fcarceever be lind to be idle. Some
tttri!. try of Zagatay, or of the Usbeck-Tartars, days in the week he bath'd before break
\\ 78,
Tnx.-ir.t where he was afterwards bury'd. of day ; then having pray'd he eat fome-
M -f
"/ • Mirumxa his Ion fucceeded him in the thing after that, having fpent two hours
:
y^'yij*, ,{"]^ throne ; his fucceflbr was his fon ALi- with his fecretaries, he gave publick
p. 162. hornet \ and Mahomet Mirza Sultan Ab- audience before noon, and then pray'd
'T.m,-r!.„i'sfni(i iiis fon,who was kiil'd by tiie Per- again. This done he din'd, and foon
Succciloiby^-^j^j
in the year i46r). Mirza Sultan after gave audience again, when follow-
Hamct Ion to him, afcended the throne ed the third and fourth time of pray-
next, and dy'd in 1495. The next was ing. Next he was employ'd in the af-
Hamet's fon, call'd Sultan Bahir, which furs of his family till two hours after
iîi
fignifics brave prince, who in 1500 was it was dark. Then he fupp'd, and flept
ri:iutr4 dethron'd by Kay-bek Cham an Usbe.k, only two hours, after which he took
]J':'.''\ but recover'd the kingdom again, alter the Alcoran and read till break of day.
I C.J. wandering a long time about India^ and This was told me by feveral eunuchs
was the lirll Mogul tlia: became lb very belonging to the courr, who knowing
powerful. He dy'd in 1532. their prince was skili'd in negromancy,
ri .';
His fon Ilomagion, that is, the fortu- believ'd he was aflilled by the devil
nate, fucceeded iiim, who conquer'd the in that painful courfc of life ; elfc lie
;'»„-
bcft and -.vcalthiell kingdoms in India. could not have gone through fo much
Kirkan his general rcbcll'd and forc'd fatigue in his decrepit old age. This
him to fly to the king ot Per/ia ; by might fervc as an example to fome
whom being affilU-d witli 12000 men princes ot Europe, who are fo referv'cl,
under tlie command of Beuran-Cham, he that they give audience but twice a
defeated the rebt:!, and recover'd his king- week, and then will not flay a moment
dom 1 tlu'n dy'd in 1552. to hear their fubjedls grievances -, as if
After ills death, his fon Gelaladin com- it were not their duty to liiten to them
monly call'd Akbar, afcended the throne. with patience. And it is certain the
1 U rei .i,ii'd -.; years, and dy'd i.i 1605, Mogul did not on fuch dainties .is
feed
fince the birth of Chrill, and 1014 of they do, but on herbs and pulfe fi- 1
i\k Mahometan tpocha, leaving the king- lling every day at tiiofe years, tho'
iTi;Kk
•K II. Chap. IV. 0/ I N D O S T A N. 231
nude of flefli and blood like the Eu- Befides Aitrengc Zcl/'a abftinence, af-Givnii
topcans. ter fo many horrid crimes committed, '^î-
Alter Aureiigc Zeb had prefcrib'd him- his table was not maintained out of t'lt^
Hi- 'H^f^^"^
of felf this fort of life, he ceas'd to be revenue of the crown ; he laid tliat food c.i lor liis
:
..•
bloody as before, and on the contrary wa? not good, which coll the fweat ol brc.-.J.
became lb mild, that the governours and the iubjeits, but that every man ought
Omrahs did not pay him the duty they to woric for his living. For this rcafon
ought ; knowing his mercy would never he work'd caps, and prcfented them to
fuller him to punifli them. Thus the the governours of his kingdoms and pro-
poor were oppiefs'd by the great ones, vinces ; who in return for the honour
without knowing who to have recourfe done them, fent him a prefent of feveral
to becaufe the king, when advis'd to
•, thoufands of Rotipes. When I was there,
be lefs merciful towards thofe that tranf- his decrepit age rendering him unable to
grefs'd his commands, anfwer'd. That work, he had refervM the revenues of
he zvas no God, that his minijlers might four towns for his table. His expence
not contradiil him ; and that if they mif- was but fmali, for a veil of his did not
behav'd tbemfdves. Heaven -would puntjh colt above eight Roiipies, and the fafli and
them. A government tar different from Cira or cap, lels.
tiiat of "Turky, and Per/ia, where the ftain The Great Mogul's ufual place of re- '$X
of dlfobedience is wafh'd away with blood. licfcnce is at Agra, and iometimes at
Thole that law but into the outfidc, Dchli, and Labor, in which cities the
laid, /lurengc Zeb was a great Mahome- king is always guardeil by an Omrah,
tan laint, who after his death muft be put with a body of 20C(;o horfe, who in-
into the martyrology of their falfe feet. camp about thofe cities, and this guaril
But am
of opinion he conniv'd at the
I is reliev'd every eight d.iys. But when
fillings of
his minifters, and Omrahs, Aurenge Zeb, who kept always in the field,
'!' '!^
-I
that they might love the prelent govern- was to decamp from any place where
ment, under which they were fuffer'd to he lay with his army, a tent was car-
1 the re- n
aft as they plcas'd, and confequently there
might be no way for any of his fons to
ry'd before by 120 elephants, 1400 ca-
mels, and 400 fmall carts, to be let up \t i
er of the ufurp the throre. where he was to go, and feveral thou-
i
jf juftice. IK r .n- On the other fide, to fpeak the truth, fands of horfe and foot went with 70
, that he
1 Kiicy.
he iljtl not give himfelf up in his youth elephants, to fecuie the ground to in-
lie. Some to fenfual plcafures, as his predecelfors camp on. Eight other elephants carry'd
pre break had done ; tho' according to their barba- eight chairs, more like biers, wrought
eat fome- rous ciiftom, he kept feveral hundred with gold and fdver, or gilt wootl, and
wo houR women in the Aram, for oftentation. To clos'd with crillal. There were three
pubhck this puruofe they tell us, that he having others carry'd by eight men each, in •'''h
pray'd pitch'd upon a woman in the Aram to one of which the king went, when he
lie with him that night, fhe drefs'd her did not mount an elephant, efpecially if
and foon
follow- felf the bed flie could to receive that it rain'd, or the way was dufly. All the
pray- honour. The king coming at the ap- great men ;ittended him afoot ; but when
the af-
pointed hour into her chamber, inftead they went out of town, and the journy
rs after
of going to bed, fell a reading the Al- was long, he us'd to command them to
:ind flept
coran all night. The eunuch coming mount a horfeback.
he took in the morning him the bathto tell Aurcnê Zeb got feveral children. His Hi; diil-
of day. was ready, as us'd by the Mahometans eldeft fon (as we faid elfewiiere)
was^'"-"-
^'^"'
after tiiey have had to do with women \ Mahmud, who following the example of '"
eunuchs
knowing the woman who had been diliipjxjinteil his predeccffors,in aiming at the crown
omancy, cry'd out, no need of a bath,

there was before his father
his death, proceeded
becaufe the king had not broke wind •, fo openly, towards taking away his
the devil
elfe he
to fignify he had been at prayers, which life, that he thought good to prevent
fo mudi if interrupted by wind, the Mahome- him i and accordingly caus'd him to
This tans are to bath. The king hearing her, be poifon'd one ilay, when he went
went away alham'd, the lady telling him a hunting and miftrutling he was not
-,
to fonie
that was no room to pray in ; and he ne- really dead, when he was brought to
referv'd,
twice A
ver after look'd her in the face. The the palace, he cruelly caus'd a red hot
kinH,s of liiilojhvi are at a vafl: charge in iron to be run in from the Ible of his
monicni
maintaining fo many women ; for tiiey foot to his knee.
es -, as if
have many thouiiinds and thouiiinds of SciaUun the fon, by the death of The;.!.
.id
to them
'tain the
lioujics a year out ol the treafury fome i Mahmud, had the right of eldelf, and
of the bell belovM even to a million and with it, entcrtain'd the fimc thoughts
ainties as
lialf, which they Ipeiul in maintaining a- the other had done, of deffroving his
life; fi-
irs, tho'
hundance of elephants, liorles and ler- father. To this pur|iolehe once caus'd
vanis. a gre.H
mad';
; ;
232 /l Voyage round the JVorU. Book II,

Chap.
Cemblli a great trench to be dug neur Aurenge prefence. This man's was caus'd
ruiti
by drunkennefs old
'695- Zeb's tent, that he might fall into it, ; for as he was drink-
^-'^'"âs he pafs'd by ; but lie being told of ing in his tent with his women-dan- of nj
and put being told by the advanc'd gu.irds mies
it by an eunuch, efcap'd death •, cers,
Mogul's army was advancing, dcrabl
the wicked Scialam into a dark orilon, that the
where he continu'd fix years, tho" fixty inftead of going to arms, he caus'd tiitir ifig, w
clinatic
years of age, till a few days before I came heads to be cut off ; fiying, they would
into the camp. not dare to come where he was ; tiie ed in
fame he diil by a fecond centinel. His anil pa

The 3J. Azam-fcia, third fon of Aurenge Zeb,
alter i!
play'd his part in plotting againft his ion, whole head was not full fo of
tatiicr, with the king of Vifapor his kinf- wine, fiv'd himfelf with 1000 horfe, lea- tlicr S
crction
maa, before he was taken, and loft his ving his father behin !, who was carry'il
ni.iny
kingdom 1 fo natural is it to this race to away prifoner, and not long after to his
hate their father. Me is now about 55 grave.
years of age. Akbar cfcaping this rtorm, went to
'Ilic4tli. The4th fon is call'd Akbar, now 45 Goa, where the Portuguefe fiirnifh'd him
years of age, more ambitious than all with fliips to go over to Ormus. There
the reft ; for being fent by his father in he was nobly receiv'd by the Cham, and
the year 1680, with an army of 30000 afterwards by order of SciaSelemon, then
men to make war on the Raja Li- king of Perfia, attended by many troops Four Sl-
tTL'tjrici
FOR licl
fonte, who borders on the kingdom of of foldiers to the court of fjpahan
I? el' Stall.-. of julli C
A/mire, belonging to the Mogul ; inftead where he was courteoufly entertain'd,
rics of
of fubduing him, he fuffered himfcif to and had an allowance to maintain him
with all
be perfuaded by that idolater, and by fuitable to his quality ; as I obfervid in
and to r
his own ambition, to turn his arms a- the fecond part. Tlie old man fearing
them is
gainil his own father. Having thus his Ion's valour, us'd feveral arts to
I
of warlil
I'jin'd his forces with thofe of Raja draw hirii out of Perfia, but with fmall
(bldiers I
iiguinll /lurengi Zd, who could never hopes of fuccefs, becaufe Akbar was not
cd, as a!
have belicv'd and making a body of
it, fo weak as to be enfnar'd by his fathf..
full com
70000 horfe, and a competent number Whilft I was at Ifpaban, fome eunuchs
is call'd
of foot, moft of them Ragipurs, he came told me, they were fent by a certain
Iticc be
Here Omrah, who govern'd on the borders
;
into A/mire where his father was.

criminal
whilll he refted his army, much fatigu'd of Canclabor, with a prefent of feveral
count wh
with the long match, the crafty old thoufand Roufics to this prince, which
well,and
man having no fuflicient force to op- he would not accept, and therefore they
Divan, ar
pofe him, had rccourfe to ftratagem. were going back with the money. They
the Jagor.
He therefore fent a confidant of his in- offer'd to carry me into Imlia by land,
Subas, am
to the enemies camp, with a letter di- but I refus'd their kindnefs. I was af-
fee they t
rected to his fon ; ill which he com- terwards inform'd by others, that this
of the pi,
mended his extraordinary wife conduft was a contrivance of Aurenge Zeb, who
too heavj
in drawing the idolate-s to that place, had order'd the Omrabs, ofwhom Ak- known by
to be ail cut off, had been agreed
as bar had defir'd borrow fome thou-
to
is a treai
and that he would advance the next fmd Roupies, to make him a prefent the revcnu
day and put it in execution, ''"he eu- of them, and to endeavour by f.iir
into the ti
nuch had orders to beiiave himfelf fo, means to draw him into haia ; which
before thc
tivit the enemy growing jealous, might Akbar underilanding by means of his
woitli, am
feture him, and intercepting the letter, lifter,he refus'd the prefent. Aurenge
ney remaii
rely no more on Akhar. It fell out ac- Zeb look many towns from Savagi for
Dillri I'here .1
cordingly i and tho' he wore upon the having afTifted this prince 1 and conti-
u- for thefe ft
Alcoran, that it wis an i.ivcntion of his nuing the war, had befieg'ii him in his
l)ecaufc a
father's to diftraft them, the chiefs of court of Gingi. The city is feated be- ficc for fi
j
the Gii'tiU's would

never believe him. tween feven mountains, each of which
Monday r]
Thefe jiMJoufies kept them fo long em- has a fort on the top, and can be re-
altairs of 1
ploy'd, that Aurenge Zeb, as he had cx- liev'd by ways unknown to the Mo-
itay for Ca
pefted, gain'd time to call his fecond guls, fo that they lay before them to Vol. I\
fon to his defence with a powerful army, no purpofe with :!Oooo horfe, and as
who being come up, he dct'-Mtcd the Raja many foot. I have not heard fincc I
and Akbar. He putting himfelf, with left the country, what was the event
4000 horfe, under tlie protection of Sam- of tlie ficge, which h.id ;nen Lifted le-
ba, a Pagan Roicolel, Aiirfiigi' Zeb made ven years.
war fi) furioufiy on the fiiii Samba, that Aurenge Zch\ youngefl fon is Sikan-
he at lalt took him prifoncr, and cau- (lar, now about thirty years of age, anil
fcd his head to l)e cut oft, tor liaving infcded like; the; reft, with tlie contagious
utter'd lymc indecent ';xprcfrions in his diftcmpcr of ambition. Therefore the
old
; , '
Chap. V. 0/ I NDOST A N. 33
old man, tho' after fubduing the kings of Iiiilojlaii, when they grow old, muftGEMruM
of n/apor, and Golcoiula, he had no ene- keep at the head of powerful armies, '(")^-
mies left, but Savagi, who is inconfi- to defend themlelves ag.iinit their fons.'-'^'"^
dcrable in regard ot him ; yet fear- Yet I am of opinion, that notwithlland-
ing, with much reafon, the perverfe ining all his precautions, he will come to
clination of his fons, he had continu- no better an end than his picdecefTors.
ed in arms in the field for fifteen years All have hitherto faid, concerning the
I
and particularly four years at Ga/gula, inteftir.e wars between the Moguls, was
after defeating Akbar. He fiid his fi- told ir.c and affirm'd by levcral foldiers
tlicr Sda-Gcbnn had not fo much dif in the camp, who had been cye-witnef-
crction ; for he might have learnt by ii's, iiid fome gathcr'd out of creditable
many years experience, that the kings authors.
CHAP. V.
Of the Government of the Great Mogul.
Four St- FOR the better

lick affairs,
management of pub-
and due adminiftration
doms of Bengala and
for that of Guzaratlt: ;
P.itiui ; Tburftlay
Saturday for that
01 St.itc. of jullice, the king keeps four fecreta- of Brampour ; and Siinduy tor Decan
rics of llate, who are to acquaint him no bufinefs being ilone on Friday, becaufe »
with all that happens in the empire, it is the Mabomelan felfival.
and to receive his orders. of The firlt Aurenge Zcb, notwithftanding his con-AuJi'".cc4
them is call'd Bagfci, and has the charge tinual application to thefe private audien-
of warlike alfairs, and looks that the ces with his miniffers, yet never fail'd of
Ibldiers be paid, punifh'd, and reward- the publick, except on Fridays, for the
ed, as alfo that the Omrabs keep their good of the iubjects ; and this fometimes
full complement of men. The fecond he did in three leveral places, one cal-
is call'd ylih-lft, who ta!:es care that ju- led Divanxas, the other Gofalxana, and
JHcc be adminiftrcd, both in civil and the third Adelet.
criminal cafes, giving the king an ac- The Great Mogul is fo abfolute, thatAnloliita 6
•
count what minifters behave themfelves there being no written laws, his will inP^J^cr.
well, and what ill. The third they call all things is a law, and the laft deci-
Divan, and to him it belongs to divide fion of all caufes, both civil and crimi-
the Jagors or feofs among the Omrabs, nal. He makes a tyrannical ufe of this
Subas, and other commanders ; and to abfolute power ; for being lord of all Y' ilÔ
fee they do
not opprefs the inhabitants the land, the princes themielves have no
this of the places committed to them with certain place of aboad, the king alter-
who too heavy impofitions. The fourth is ing it at pleafure and the fame with the
•,
^k- known by the name of Cnnfamon; who poor peafants who have fometimes the
thou- is a treafurer-gcneral, that caufcs all land they have cultivated taken from
refenc the revenues of tiieempire to be brought them, and that which is untill'd given
fair into the treafury, and every week, lays ihem in lieu of it befidcs that they
•,
which btfore the king what every province is are oblig'd every year to give the king I ' I
of iiis woi di, and what it yields, and what mo- three parts of the crop. He never ad-
furoige ney remains in the king's colfers. mits any body into his prcfence, empty
igi for Ilillr'
There are particular days appointed handed ; and fometimes refufes admit-
conti- J for thcfe fecretaries to inform the king, tance to draw a greater prelent. For
in his liecaufe a private audience would not fuf- this reafon the Omrabs and Nababs ap-
ed be- ficc for fuch multiplicity of bufinefs. pointed to govern the provinces, opprefs
which A'kiiday therefore is laitl afide for the the people in the moft miferable mannei" \ \\w
be re- alVairs of Labor, Dcbli, and Agra ; Jucf- imaginable.
Mo- ilii'i for Cabiil ; ff^'cJ/ie/llay for the king-
cm to VOL. IV.
ind as
Incc I
event
ed le-
'
'^'i^^]
and
Ooo CHAP.
ligiou
1-c tllL-
%^%
234 /I yoyaê round the World Book Ii. I Chap. ^
C H A p. VI.
Of the Revenues and Wealth of tLe Great Mogul.
CEMflll A N infinite quantity of Roupics arc from Hyeman, and Arabia Falix nor -,
Wsipons rnpil
iis'dbvthc I
'f'9i-
y~V contmually llowing into the Great Per/id, Arabia, and thcTurks themlclves i
^^^^ Mogulh exchequer ; for belides tiie u- to go without the commodities ot India,
country
grcit re- '"*' t'X^s ami cxccllive impolls, the fcntl vaft quantities of money to Mo-
furjiiih
venue, iiibjedls mult pay for their lani.1, which cha on t\\c Red Sea, near Babd Afandel;
is all his. BcfKk:; when a general, or to Bajfora at the bottom of the Per/tan Europe,
any other perlbn wlio has rcceiv'il the
. gulph ; and to Bander Ahaffi and Came- always
king's pay, ilies, all his goods tall to ron, which is afterwards lent over in bowi an
kets ; a
tlic king, without leaving the children fhips to Jndojhvi. Befidc:. the Indian,
the foot
ib much a mamtenance i a cultom
as Dutch, Englijh, and Pcr/ugurfe fliips that
Auietigc Zcb coi.dcmn'd, when he fpokc every year carry the commodities of hi- bows an
of iiis father, and yet all employments dojlan, to Pt'gu, T'anajfcrri, Siam, Ceylon^ non in t
flrms d'
Tiieii
both civil anil military, are lold. For ylchem, Macajfar, the Mahiive iflands, Itiilivc.
no family
continue long, cm Alozamhique and other places, mult of buckler
this reafon
great ; but fometinies the Ion of an ncceffity convey much gold and filver
black hi
Oinrah goes a begging. Add to all thither, from thofe countries. All that ny nails
this, that tho' in (b vail an empire, the Dnte/j fetch from the mines in Ja- rows or
,jlates,
c there be fonie barren lands, yet there pan, fooner or later, goes to Indoflan ; \
fome kingdoms wontk-rful fruitful, and the goods carry'd hence into Europe, their arn
are
as is that ot UcHgala, which exceeds whether to France, England, or Portugal, As lo
Egypt, not only in plenty of rice, corn, are all purchas'd tor ready-money, which manages
fugar, and all other necelfaries tor rhc remains there. all othei
fupport of huniaiK- life ; but in the rich- I was tokl, that tiie Mogul receives
pays ther
f;om only his hereditary countries, eighty rahs '}a^
ti\ commodities, as lilk, cotton, indigo,
Carores of R/upies a year (every Carore
to mainta
and the like. Ikfuics, the country is lb
ellewliere-
'.
populous, that the hantiicrafts, tlw' n.i- is ten milliors) they could give me no
of tiie hi
turally given to floatli, arc forc'J, ci- certain accou.u what the conquer'd king-
ther by nv^cefliiy <i»- choice, to apply doms yield.
Poprcc 'J'he O
"I dr.-
Cubzariis
themfelves to work on carjiets, brocailes, There is an author, not well acquaint- 7- •••
riis, anti
embroidery, cloth ot gokl and lilver, ed with liiib aff.iir, wi>o reduces this mo-''
fort the
and all forts of manii.ai.Hures in filk and narch's revenue to thirty three million,.''' i
pay is pi
cotton, generally worn there ; betides Another on the other fide makes it in-/„!',J.'
horle the\
thofe tranfported every year, by an infinite, and that alone which he fays hp'-K,
allows thi
finite number of tliips, not only into in the treafury, feems fabulous. Put '';
But they
other parts of ytfin, but into Jfrkk and they that will judge of it, by his expcn-'i'-
of their
Europe. ces, mutt confuler that the Alogul has
vailly :k
Oul.l ,ind That the reader may form fome idea difpers'd throughout his empire 30C00C
have a >'(«
iiUiTccn-of the wealth of this empire, he is to horfe, and 400000 foot, v/ho have all . .0
keep hve
'''^'.'"''''ôblerve, tlut gokl anti filver,
all the great pay. At court the daily expcnce
'"'l'"''" five thou
which circulates throughout the world, is 50000 Roupies, to maintain the ele-
a month,
at lall centers here. It is well known phants, horfes, ilogs, hawks, tygers, ami
get in pn
':;( that as much of it as comes out oi Ame- deer as alio fome hundreds of black
-,
I
'Ml'':' i jtliP rica, running tiirough feveral king-
after and white eunuchs to look to the roy.il
the king
vals, ever
doms of Europe, goes partly into Turky, palaces, muficians, and dancers. I am
tion ; ani
tor fcvcral forts of commodities ; and therefore of opinion, that next to the
fervants,
part into Perjia, by the way of Smirna emperor of China, no monarch in the
value.
for I'lik. Now the Turks not being a- world is equal to the Great Mogti! in
I'i M The ni
ble to abflain ucrf coiree, which comes ftrength and riches.
the cnviii
.ij
«iii''''
,!.;
geiK'raliy
to the gr
polts at
therefore
pillars of
bro.id wit
I
-i V' C II A P,
clepli.ints,
PaLincbuii
I Ml
L :'!' -Iifl number
•
50 0K II. Chap VII. 0/ I NDOST A N. 23^
CHAP. Vil.
Of the IVcapom, and '

ones of the Crcat Mogul.
iilllvcs
India,
nor
Wtjpons
ui'iibvtlie
T
like
HI''.
are
icimitais
arms
broail
-, anil
country, bcinjr apt to break, the Eivilijb
olVenlivc of the
heavy
thole
fwoitls,
maile
Moguls
bowM
in the
of their pal.ices
of fervants,
to clc.ir the
llies,
•,
fome of
as alio
whom go
by abundance CEMtLir
way, others drive away thc'"'^^''^

or kee{) oil' the dull with jx-acocks
before ""}>
mt
:> Mo- funiilli them with fticii as arc made in tail.',others carry water to drink, and
^.aildd ;
Europe, iil-lhap'd daggers, which they other things. All that relide at court,
Per/tan
always wear hanging to their girdle ; are oblig'd to go twice a day to pay
Gome- their relpefts to the king that is, at
bows and arrows, javelins, piltols, niul- •,
vcr ia
ten in the morning, antl about fun fee,
kets and pikes twelve toot long, for
1
LiiHtiii,
the toot 5 Ijut moll of the Ibldiers have in the place where he adminillers jullice ;
ps th,ic
bows and arrows. They have alio can- or elfe they lole part of their pay. They
of ^«-
non in their cities, and armies. are alio to mount the guard once a week
Arms Jc- Their arms defenfive, are a round tor twenty four hours ; and that day the
idantls, IjillVC.
buckler two foot diameter, made of king fends them their meat, which they
null of receive with much rcfpect, doing the
black hides of wild buffalos ; with ma-
1 filvcr
ny nails with large heads to ward oil' ar- Tiijlim three tiines, that is, an obeyfancc
ill tlwt
rows or fwords -, co.its of mail, breall- after their manner towards the royal
ill Jn- jjlates, iiead-pieces, and covering for apartment, laying tluir right hand on
dojldii ;
their arms down to their wrills. the ground, and tlun on their head.
Europe, the Mogul
As for tlie foldiers pay, 'I'hey are alio oblig'd to attend the king
'ortugdl,
manages ic after a diilerent manner than at all times, as was laid above.
which The
princes in the world } for he
,
all oih'.-r Miinfchdars are gentlemen, ot ^J'lnfd;
pays them not himfelf, but gives the Om- horfe, who liave very honourable pay,"'"^
receives
rahi 'Jjgbirs, that is, tenures of l.mds anil is call'd Maiifeb, but lefi than the
eighty They
much refpefted in
to maintain a ccrtiin number, as was laid Oinrabs. are
,
Catorc and even to the princes the camp, b''caulc they may eafily rife
ellewhere, this
me no of the blood. to the degree of Omrahs, and own no
'd king- They
Degrees The Oinrabs arc divided into flazariis. fupcriour but the king. diffl:r
't O'v- Ciibzariis, Panges, Ilccbcts, DebHaza- from the others in this particular, that
cquaint-T'r- ami Dmizdebuzariis, of which l.dl they arc not oblig'd to maintain above
riis,
his mo' fort the king's eldetl fon was. Their four or five hoiie. As for their pay
•
illion^.
pay h proportionable to the number of tliey have one hundred ami fifty Roupies
:
. . t\: C'.
S It m-/,.. a month, and fometimes fcven hundred,

;;.
horle they keep v belides which, the king
fays hjiuKt
allows thcpi a ()enlion for their own ufe. but inflead of having them in ready mo-
But';';.;.
But they always cheat the foldiers of part ney, they are forc'd to take the oltl fur-
cxpcn-'i-'
of their pay, and by that means grow niture of the king's houli-, at excclTivc
gul has vallly .kh; efpecially if they happ-en to rates. There is no fix'cl number of
30000c have a gootl Jagbir. Some are oblig'd to them, but they are more than the Om-
have all keep live lunched horfe, ami h.ive about
cxpcncc five thouland Nraj'olitan crowns revenue
rabi there being two, or three hiimlred
;
ot them very often at court, belides

i. •im
the ele-
a month. I'is true they fpend all they
'
thole in the provinces, and armies.
; I
ers, and they are lorc'd to make 'I'he third degree is of the Rozczinders, Rowzini
get in prefents
f bhuk the king every year, upon certain felti- who are alio horfe, but paid by the day, "''^*
ic roy.il as their name iiTii)orts.
vals, every man accoriling to his condi- Their pay is not
I am tion ; an(l in keeping lo many '.vomen, inferior to that of the Maiijcbda'-s, but
to the fervants, caincls, and horl^s of great the poll is not lb honourable. The num-
in tlic
value. ber ot them is very great, and many of'
Tliolr The number of Omrahs throughout them are clerks and under derks.
iuiin!^cr,
the cm;)ire is not lettied, but they are The light horfe are lubject to the
anj Ju:v'
generally under forty. They are prefer'd Omrabs, and thole ar*; couii'ed th.e befl,
to the greatell governments, and cliicf who have two horfes branded with
pods at court, and in the army i and their Omrab^'i mark on the leg. Their
therefore are, as they themlljves lay, the pay is not fix'd, and depcmls on the ge-
pillars of the empire. They appear a- nerohty of the Omrab, hut tliey fland
bro.id with noble equipages ; lome on the Alognl in at leall twenty live Rcu-
I A I'. ck'pli.ints, others horleba(k, or on
a j'ies a m(Mii!i, conlldering the revenues
FuLiiiibi/ies, attended by a confiderable he alFigns tor their ir.ainicnancc.
number of horle, ai"l by the gu.irdb
The
23^ ^ /ôj^5<? round the World. Book II.
Gemh.i I Tlie foot and nuifl<c'tiers are in a nii- Unit up twenty four hours. The Mogul
if")v fer.ibic condition, foiiiL' ot tiicm liaving keeps them in his pay, as alfo the Piiiois,
'i^^^ twenty, i'omc fitt«n, \i\v\ others ten Ruii- hccaufe they are men of courage ; and
'
/its a month. 'I'iiey carry tlicir rell ty'il there art Rnjiis that can raile twenty
to the mufket, whlcli they make hut ill thoulaml horle upon occafion ; as alfo to
life of, for tear of liiirniniT their great tow dilconi and jealoufics among them,
Cannon. heard. The artillery is liiviJcd into two by favouring one more than another,
forts, the heavy cannon, and the light, and by that means be the fiter from their
as they callit. The heavy confilh ot hc- fontriv.mces, and from the others who
tween fixty and tcveiity (;tins, without arc not in his pay.
reckoning three hundrici lield-pieces, lixM The foldiers ot the country difler nei-cî^,
o camels, as pedrerois are on our hacks.
I ther in offices nor dilcipline from that al-tr,«pi/
The other, lifty or ii.vry tmall hrafs fijuns, ready mcntion'd, hut that they never fol-
vvhiih are the 2d fort, are on carriages, low the king ; but every kingdom keeps
with little red hanncrs, each drawn hy its own to f are the frontiers againit
two horles a third heing led hy, to reft:
-,
flrangers, as the Perjianu Ogaiiis, Baltic-
fonietimcs the one, and foMictimes the (is and others.
other. Tho' the heavy cannon canrtot All foldiers wliatfoevcr receive theirporceH
always follow the king, who fomctimes pay duly every two months from thely paij,
{ôes out of the ro.ul, to hunt, or take king's treafurer, except thofe that are
mil' lome other divcrfion, the light always pai(l by the Omrabs, as was laid lieforc.
[M :
I
does and when he is near the place ap-

i Nor is there any danger their pay fliould
pointed to incam[5, it is (irM, that the be kept from them ; for all people here,
army may know he is arrivM. All this living either by their indullry, or hy
artillery, efpecially the heavy, is under ferviiigthe king (tor want of private re-
the direiflion of Franks, or chriftian g n- venues) if they were not well paid, they
n ;>. ( ncrs, who have extraordinary pay ; eljx"- mull either llarve, or mutiny. And to
cially the Por/aginy'l; Eiig/ijb, Dutch, fiy the truth, the greatcfl woniler in that
Gcniuins, and Fi\-iich, who go from Goa, country is to lee to many thoufands live
or run away from aboard Ihips. Some of on the king's pay. It is not fo in Europe,
them formerly had two luimlred Rotipies for fometimes foldiers have fomething of
a month but now the Aiogiits have
-, their own or when they want pa^ live
•,
learnt fomewhat of the art they have lefs, upon others.

'1 here is a general ot the artillery whofe The number of troops they faid the
pay is a million a year, out of which he Mogul kept when I was there amounted
is to keep two hundred men. to 300000 horfe and 400000 foot. Pare
RilJDflir:. Befides the Mo'i^td foldiers, there are of thcfe were in the camp at Galgala ;
the llr.inrrers, hir'il ot the Rajai, who 60000 horfe and foot at the fiege of
krve the jWogul tor very great pay, bring- Ghigi. The third camp was of 7000
ing with them a certain number oi Raja- horfe and loooo footfourth of ; the
/'itrs, and doing the fame duty as the Om- 1 2000 horfe, commanded
Pernala by at
rnbs do hut with this difference, that
-, Azatn-Scia'^, Ion the king's grandfon, and
they will not keep guaril in forts, but in the rell were liiflributcd about the fron-
their own tents, that they may not be tiers and in garrifons.
CHAP. VIII.
'The Manners, Habit, Marriages, and Funerals of the Moguls.
The M,-
J.IV.
T I
Here arc
kept in the court of the Great
Mogul, the one callVl Barfgaiit, the o-
ther Tol. The tirit is on the king's
two principal fcftivals mightily plcas'd they fhould prefent him
with gold vclfels fct with jewels, to hold
fweet waters, which he plac'd in the
chamber that ferv'd for his leud prafti-
fairth-day, or thofe of the princes of the ccs It was let out with looking glalies
blooti, becaufe Ban in the country lan- adorn'd with precious ilones, and all
guage lignifies year, and Gaul a knot, the roof fparkling with diamonds. Th.it
•and thofe people every year make a knot day the Mogul fits on the famous throne
in a cord, they cither wear about them begun by 'ramerLvic and finifli'd by Sci-
or keep at home, to know their age. ah-gcbnn. It is all over let with dia-
'I'his fulemnity is kept with great poinp, monds, cmerauds, rubies, pearls and
all the great ones coming to will) the laphires ; efpecially the pearls on the
king many happy years with prefents twelve little pillars, which clofe the three
of money and jewel-.. Sii.ib gj.iiin was fid'js, are beyond .ill that can be ima-
gin'd.
[!i;j!;'rnr"'«' ;
;
Chap. Vm. 0/ I N D O S T A N. ni
gitiM. Then the roof of it incl all otiier The Mahometans n^ Imloj}a>i, tho' bar-OEMii.t,i
ii.irfs is fo onlcrly cnrichM with jewels barous other refpetls, arc not fo dc-
in
''"i^,
of inelHin.ible value, all found within teitful, proud, or fuch enemies to'i"^; j.,.
lb
tlie empire, that fomc make the value chrirtians, as the Turks ; and a chriflian puiitioii.
of it to rife to fifty millions, but in re- may therefore keep them company with
ality not to be valu'd.
it \^ lafety. The Paâi.s are Hill more jutt
fcr/'.v The tecond feltival is that of 7e/, lo travellers. As lor courar;/', neither
'•which in tiiat language fignifies weight. ALihoinetans nor Cicntiles have much of
So:nc fiippofe it to be fo call'd becauli- it. The beft of them are the Hiiliiccls
the king weif3lis himfcH in a pair of borderers on Perjia, the l'ata>ii of the
Tli;'
ili- 'jales, to f.e whether he is grown fat- kingdom of Iiei:âla, and thu Rasbooiis
ter 1 but having alkM the queftion in the very great thieves.
camp of fevcral credible perfons, and The languages fpoken at court are L.ini;ii.i£;a
p.u'ticul rly of chrillims born at y/i^'v; the Arabian and the Perjian As for .>'^'"';"n-
and 7J( !)//', who had ferv'J there many fciences they can make no progrefs in '''
years, they told mc it was a meer ro- them for want of books ; for tiny have
mance ; for not only Atircnge Zcb, but none but Ibme Imall manutiript works
none of his prcdeccirors ever weigh'd of /lriJlotleMV.\ Aviceitna in Arabiik. They
themlelves. 'Tis true this feflival is hold afbrology in great account, info-
kept in the king's Jioufe ; but they weigh much that the king un icrtakes nothing
money, jewels, and other things of va- without the advice of his allrologcrs.
lueiprefented by the great men and fa- In pliyfick they have but fmall skill, and
voiirites, which are afterwards diftribu- cure leverai difeafes by falling. They
ted among the poor with great folemni- alio delight in mulick, for which they n ;
:;
ty. It isdone fome days after the Barf- have fcveral forts of Inftruments.
gni:t, either Iboner, or later, as the king They fpcnd all they have in luxury,
thinks fit. keeping a valt number of lervants, but
n.vtipti- i'|,e Jiidians are well fhap'd, it being above all of conculiincs. I'hele being
''"'""'
rare to find any of them crooked, anil many, every one of them IVrives ti) be be-
for fhiture like the Europcms. They lov'd above the rell, ufinjj, .ill m.mner of
have black hair, but not curl'd, and allurements, perfumes and Iweet oint-
their fkin is of an olive-colour and •, ments. Sometimes, to heighten their
they do not love white, fiying it is the niafters lulls, they give him compofiti-
c()iour of leprofie. They walli often, ons of pearl, gold, opium and amber
anointing themfclves after it with rich or elfc much wine, that he may require
oils and ointments. They live in low company in bed. Then fomc drive a-
houfes, with trees about them, fo that way the flies, others rub his hands and
their cities at a dillance look like woods. feet, others dance, others play on mu-
'I'here are no inns for travellers among lick, and others do other things ; and
them was laid at firfl ; but in the ci-
as hence it is that for the mofl part they
tic.i and great towns they h.ave fbmc take the lawful wifes i)lacc , who fit-
places call'd Sarays, where Grangers may ting near her husband modellly, winks ac
Jiave houferoom. They ule carts to this aftront, till flie has an opportunity
travel in (which are fliut when there to revenge hcrlclf 'i'hefe women are
.;ir women in them) drawn by oxen, committed to the cullody of eunuchs,
and when the journey is fhort. The
alK'S but it is delivering up the fliecp to the
great men, and thole that are well to pals wolves ; lb laliivious are the women;
arc carry'd upon elephants, or in PnLui- And yet they are cxcufablc, becaule the
(hincs. There is none of them but endea- husbands, tho' they be pcalaiits, lie a-
vours the belt he can to go to Mecca, to jiart from their wives, and only call
become a ILigi or faint. They delight them when they have occalion.
very much in hunting, and make ufe of The great men have noble Hrudiircs,
dogs and t.ime leopards. They take with leverai courts, and the tops of
water-foul after this manner. They go the h'julcs flat, to take the air, and
into the water up to the chin, covering
their faces with birds of the lame fort
fountains v.ith carpets about them to fie
and receive vifits from their friends.
mi
they would take, artilkially made ; then Inferiors lalutc laying their hand on their
tlie bird coming near his likenels they head, but equals only bow their body.
draw him down by the legs and llifle In their difcourle they are modelV and
him. The Cbiacfcs and Mexicans <.io the civil ; not ufing fo many aclions with
fame, as lliall be laid in its place. Be their hands, nor talking lo l)ud as Ibme
ing excellent archers they fhoot birds fly- Kuropeaiis do. The tal)le is fpread on
ing, witli arrows. the ground without napkins or table-
\oi,. IV. VyY cloth 1
•d.
S'"
14
;
238 jl Voyage round tie World. Book II. Chap. I

CjMtLM cloth ; 1101 do tlicy ilrink till rliey have der Ihclter. Sometimes ilicy treat them
yet the
'9''v ilone tv.ting. Their grcatcll ileliglit is to lor eight -iays together.
and pil
'-^'^/"^Jifw B(de all iKiy. All I he women
arc fruitful, which is Women
In o
h.ibit. I'lie both ol men .iiul women arc
veils causM by the air and provilions, and arc f''J"ii.i.
trciichc
narrow towards liic wallc, and hang down to eafily deliver'd, that Ibme ot them go
laying t
half way the leg under them they wear

1 walh in the river the fame ilay. They
call in
long breeches down to tiicir ankles, li) bring up their children nakcil till liven
and dai
that they ferve lor Uockiiigs. The toot years of age, nor do they take much
ikw tlav
remains bare, with a I'ort of flat llioocs, lare to teach them to go, but let thein
their nii
like our flipjKrsi wiiich are ealily llipt tumble about the ground as much as they
him, th
ort' when they y;" into rooms, to keep will, as loon as they are born.
Thci
them clean, they being covcr'd with car- In Malabar the women (even thofeBjrK-: „ bury th(
pets. They wrap a very tine piece ot that arc of quality and kings lilkrs) have'ili-"y.
acrofs i
mullin or calico about their head, and the liberty to choolc a
to lye with man fame gr;
never uncover it to do reverence to lli- them. Will n a Nairc or Gentile is in a
them up
j>eriors, but bow their body, putting ladies chamber, he leaves his Half or his
and Hra
their right hand on the [ground and then his t'word a*^ the door, that others who
men tha
on the head, as iftliey tubmitted
laiil liiey would go '.^ may fee the place is taken their hen
tliemlelves to be trampled on by them. up v ap.i no man has the boldncfs toT(',-t c,, lives •, ;i
They generally wear the veft ami turbant ililhirb him. 'J'luis there being no pof-', /'
'
tribe, b
of cotton, but the I'.illi is of lilk and gokl. fibility of knowing who is the father of^ !'
'J'
and can
W3nicn.
The Atabomelan women do not appear the child that is born into the world,
whatl'oev
in pubiick, exce[)t only the vulgar tort, the fuccellion is orderM after another fbmc yc
• ilM!
and the leud ones. I'hey cover their manner •, that is, when one dies his filler's
fliould h
heads, but the hair hangs ilown bchini' children inherit, becaufe there can be no
Yet ther
in feveral trellis. Many of them bore doubt made of the kindred. laws of
their rolls to wear .i gold ring let with When a man or woman has commit- P.ir;'-
kimlrcd 1
Hones. ted a crime as to be expell'd their'"-''

I'uch
to the J
AJ.irri.igcj. T!,c A'LdwmctiW Indims marry very tribe 1 as if a woman had lain with a
faking th-
young, but the idolaters at all ages, Mahometan, Hie mull live for a certain
'i'hefe laft may
not have I'everal wives at time only upon corn found in the cows
once like the Mnooinittun ; but when dung, if the will be leceiv'd again.
the firll is dead may take another, pro- As to the manner of burying, the motlBi;;'.:
\ided flie be a maid, and ot the fimc ufual is to walh the body firll in a river, Of tk
race, or tribe. The ceremony is thus, or pool ; then burn
neighbouring it in a
It they be perlbns of quality tliey make Piigod, and throw the athes into the tame H'>t: .ind E!ner
the cavalcade at night with lights, abun-
dance ot j-ôple go b( tore making a dif-
water. In tome places they leave them
by the river tide. 'I'he manner of car-
G'
mountain;
Ilea
pleafing concert with leveral inllruments, rying them is alio dift'erent, accoaling becaufe
as pijics, kettle-drums, ilriims as long as to the fafliions of each country. In ours i be(
a barrel, and copjier-plates, which they fomc the body well clad, and fitting, is and ends
beat. Then follow abundance of children carry'd with drums beating, and a long lefs rain a
a horfeback, next to whom comes the train of kindred and friends-, and alter ter, there
britiegroom, well ckul and mounteil, being wafh'il, is cncompafs'd with wood. canes, th;
with I'everal Banians about him, with their The wife who has been that while near three fron
veils and Civas dy'il in Znfran, and other the body and exprelTing a defire
finging, failing abc
perl'ons carrying umbrellos, and banners to die, is afterwards bound by a Hiach- year.
and having taken a round about the city vian near the deail body and burnt with C!c.lr sir, Betwcer
goes to the britle's houle. Here a Braib- it i the friends pouring oil on them that polls of tl
man having faiil Ibine jirayers over them they might confume the faHer. rains at
both, puts a cloth between the husband In other places the bodies are carry'd that is,
and wife, ami orders the husband with cover'd on a bier to the river lide ; atid fun alKis
his bare foot to touch the wifes, and thcii after theyhave been wafh'd they are piii other nine
the wife the husbands, which ilone the into a hut full of fweet wood, if the that there
marriage is concluded. When the wo- money to defray the
tiead perfon has left above the
man is carry'dhome, the goods go be- charge then the woman that is to he
; P.'jduft.
Having
fore, being for the moll part Huff's of burnt, takes leave of her kindred and was at Go
leveral colours, and a cradle for the friends, thowing a contempt of death, any more
child that is to be gotwith the
-, all this and fits down in the hut, bearing up her excellent
noife of leveral inllruments. Rich peo- husband on her knees. Then recom- vails flock
ple make a hut before their houfes, co- mending herfclf to the prayers of the and checfi
vcr'd both infide and outfide with flufts Binchmaiis, deliies them to fet tire lix'e- the wine
and carpet;;, to entertain cheir gueils un- dily. A bnrbaroiis inhumanity ! And Perfia ; o
vtc Ruifins, w
Chap. IX. 0/ I NDOST A N. '2
39
yd they m,ikc a fcnipic of killing flies (i<-n/i!es make the widows honour con-f'f"riii
''"'<
anti pilmirt's. lilt being burnt with tl»c bodies ot
in
^'''"'''^
In otiier places they dcrp fill wide their husbaniis, and il ihey be alK'd the
trenches with cumbuftible matter, where realbn, tliry can all^rdge none but antient
laying the husbands body, the Brac'-mam cullom.
call in the woman, alter they have fung Since t!i3 Mnhnmi-laiis arc become fo-
and danc'd. Sometimes there arc mai- vercigns of ///,/;,/, they do not rafily con-
den (lavrs, that throw thcmfclves in after lent to ihi<; inhumanity, wjiich the Riach-
thiir mailer to fliow the love they bear in. ins would have held up tor llieir own
him, then the alhcs are call into the river. iiiterell ; tor as w.i-. fiid .tliove, iltey who
There arc other places where they alone may touch the nllit':, cury oil" all
bury the husband's oodics with the legs the gold and lilvcr tlie wicfihed woninii
acrofs i they put the woman into the hail about her. The G'. <.?.' Mocîi! and
lame grave, and wlien they have covcrM other princes have commanded the go-
them up to the neck, the Rtachmain come vernours ot their towns to hinder the
and llrangle her. Thole wretcheil wo- jiracflice of this abi:!'.', but they do not
men that refull" to be burnt, arc to fliavc lo flricHy oblerve it, j rovidcd they have u
their heads, and remain widows all their confiderable prelenis made them, and
lives •, are dcfpis'd by their lamily and thus the dilluulty they find in petting the
tribe, bccaufc they have fear'd death, leave, laves many women the diflionour.
and can never recover their reputation, The mourning us'd by t!ic Goni'iS is M.iurn-
whatloever good atflions they do, unlets fliaving their beard and heati, when a- '"'.;•
• t !
Ibnie young woman of fingular beauty ny kindred within the third degree ilic.
fliould happen to get a fecond hus[>and. The women break tlicir [^Lils and ivo-
Yet there arc Ibmc that tranfgrels the ry bracelets tl'.ey we.ir fni their arms,
laws of widowhood , and becaufe their as they alio ilo at tluir kin;;'s death.
kindred cxp.l them, they have recourle Having before Ipoke of the A'hihovict.tn
to the Mahometans or chriftians, Ibr- ceremonies it is needlels to repeat it '\[\
faking their own religion.
Of
In fliorr, :he
the Climate, Fruit,

CHAP.
Flowers, Mimruls, Beajls
this place.
IX.
and Loin, of InJoilan.

m if
C'Ênerally throughout all Indoftan the abroad, and boil in water.

they Ifecj)
X heat is excclTive, except near the The common drink ot the country is
mountains. Wc Europeans rare ill there iliftill'd Sura, but not very wholfome,
becaufe of the feafons difi'ering from The flowers are very fragrant, andpiowcn
ours ; becaufe their winter begins in June muel: better colour'd than any in Enrope.mi. hal'^;
and ends in Septembir tho* there talis
-, There are many fimiiles, which they
lefs rain at Goa. Before, and after win- carry into Europe for pliylical ufes which
* k\
ter, there are dreadful rtorms and hurri- I do not defcribe, becaufe I will nor
canes, three months from the north and treat of vhat others have given an ac-
three from the Ibuth, fo that there is no count of.
failing about India but fix months in the As for m-tals the Moguls country af- Mct.ilj.
year. fords none bjt copper, iron, and lead, t 1 . ift
t!e.ir air, Between Smatle and /4gra the inetro- but the want of others is abundantly
polis of the Mogul'?, doininions, it only made amends for by the rich mines of
rains at one certain time of the year, diamonds and other precious Hones. The Dl.imnnJ
that is, during thofe three months the befl; is that in the kingdom ot Go/cond.i, miucj.
fun is about the tropick of Cancer ; the fevcn days journey c.dt: of y/gra, which
other nine months the sky is fo clear, the nanves call Gani, and the JPerfians
that there is fcarce a cloud to be feen Cular. It is in a plain five miles in com-
above the Horizon. pafs, between a village and Ibmc inoun-

Prjduft. Having fpoke of the fruit when I tains, which produce nothing at all. They
was at Goa, there is no need of adding lay it was difcover'd one hundred and for-
any more. Indofian abounds in rice, ty years lince, after this manner. A pca-
excellent wheat, and all forts of gr.iin, lant lowing in that plain, found fuch x
vafts flocks and herds of cattle, butter rich diamon;!, that tho' he iliJ not un-
and cheefe. There being no grapes, ileiftand thole things, yet he would car-
the wine is brought out of Arabia and ry it to a mcrcliaiu of Gol.uiuLi who de-
Perfia ; or is made in the country of lighted in them. The news was imme-
Riii/ins, which being alio brought from diately fpicad about rhc city, and every
one m
;
'1^0 A VfjAge round the iVorhi Book I[

Chap. I
t;.Mn.i.i one tint moiu'v iliiîjiim in ilur

h.nl an .iccnunt ot die p.ime at Daman-,
''"^5- pl.icc, were lloiics touml Irom
there i.tmels, dromedaries, rhini zero's, as tall
'--^v'^ twelve to forty i.,ir;us and lurtiuil.iiiy , as a large ox, and elephants. Ther,-
tlut grc.it ili,iiiu>ni.l ot ruinc Ituiiilrc!.! arc (iveral wayi ot taking thcfe i l()me-
i-.ir.its, wliicli Emir (itinLi, il»c king ol times they dig trenches and rover them,
GolcondiC% general âve Aureii^f '/.,l> into which when they fall they cannot
when he i.ime inio lii-. lervite. Altcr- get out. In other places they carry aKK'pi'i,,
warils the king took tlie mine to him female into the woovis, jult .it the lime
lelf, .ukI now ihe MKi\l>.ini!> Iniy it ot when llu: is in her lull j at her crK's the
him by t'lLuis. wild male comei, and couples with her
H )a the The
m.innir ol ili;ij>inR the ftoncs ii> contrary to other Ix'alls, l)elly to belly,
.liAIMOr.S
this. I'irll they cnclole ,i Ijiot of ground in the n.irrow pl.icc where the was leir.
JIC iJUIlJ
much bigger th.ui that they buy to When the male would be gone, he limls
tlig, with a little wall two Ijuns high ; the way tlopp'd up, and the hunters ar.
then they dig the j^round markM out a ilill.ince, throw over him great and
i.'ifi
by the kinj;'s ollkers twelve or four- final I roj'cs i l<) that his trunk and ii'gs
teen fpans down to the water, below being I'ecur'd, they can come near with-
'/'
which there is no hopei ot any ilia out danger. 1 lowever they lead him
monds, and cany tiie earth into the away between two tame elephants, ami
at'orcfaid cnclofure in great baskets-. beat him ilhe makes a nuile. After-
Â-,li;>., When it is all together they till the wards he grows tame among the lell
place full of w.iter, and leave it to till ol kind ; and then he that has them
his
It is all mud. 'i hen they add mure in charge, teaches him to lalute friend?
w.iter, and opening the li"les, which with his trunk, to threaten, or llrikc
are at every llep in tiic w.dl, the mud whom he pilcalcs, and to kill a man
runs out, anil the jiiravel reuiaiiis -, which conilrmn'd to ih.it fi)rt of death, with
is .igain cover'd wirh water, if it be an iron fixM .it the end of a pole, and
not clean. \Vhcn dry tiny put it into then ihe man.i!;er fits upon his neik.
balkcts for the l.iiul to lirop through, It is of it lelf a very tractable crea-
and then putting it into the lame plate ture, when it is not cnragM or in lull ;
they beat it with long Ihivrs. I'hen lor then he that rules it is in danêi.
they take it up again and lifting it, 'J'hey quiet him with artilical ;irc-works,
they Ipread it and piik out the dia- or ilireCiing him into .i river, where,
« I
1
monvb in the jjri fence of the buyer, tho' fo large, he fwinis extr.iordiii.iry
and of the ofiicers, who t.ikc thole well. The flic elephants tarry their
lil:-
that arc abo\v a cert.iin weight for the young twelve months ; they live one
king. luindreil years and carry about three -,
15i.imnnil '
There arc diamond-mines at a place thouland two hundred pounds wciglic
in Bonus.
caird Raolcoiula, in the jirovince of Crtr- Sptini/h. Thole of Ce\!'m tho' linaller,
najl.a, kingdom ot ri/iipotii; but
in the are moll valu'd ol any in liului.,
the
they do not work ;it them. The king betaufe they have more courage, and
Siidii Jan I n tiie illmd of lionuo has as the IiiJia/if imagine, .irc refjxded by
fome better, but there arc few of them, the others. But thole of GohoiuLi, Co-
and they arc found in tlie land ol' the ihiHibiiui, S'utin, and the ifland Sumairii
river Suu'ihlv:. are Ihonger, and more furefooted on
Hefides the birds and beafts Europe the mouni.iins. It is dear keeping ot
aUbrds, Indii has others peculiar to it them ; tor befides the tlefli, they eat
as for infbancc the GaxclU-rs, of which p.iflc made of meal with tbgar-canes,
we have fpoke in the two precedent vo- ,ind other things, they give them Jqtiu-
lumes ; they have horns a fpan and a viLf to drink.
Iialf long, and twiiled or Ipiral. To 'J'herc are alio flags, lions, tygcrs,
take them they rn.ikc ule ot the tame aiul leopards, which they hunt with
leopard, or of the male G.rzt-lli; tl'.us. good dogs, and fevcral creatures not to
They tie him witli a rope wound about be found in Em ope, of which mention
under his btliy and when they lee a ; was made among the game of Damam.
flockof Gazelles let him go among them. I muft not omit here to give an ac-Mi-.
The male that is in the tlotk, being jea- count of the musk wild-goat found int'-'-
lous, comes out to attack him, and his the country of .Izmer. Its liiout is
horns being fpir.il or winding does to like a goat, the hair like a Hag, .md
intangle himfelt, that not Ix'ing able to its teeth lil<e a dog. Under the belly
retire when he would, the hunters have it lias a little bladder, as big as an egg,
time to take him. full of a thick congeal'd bloo>l, wl.ith
0:iicr There arc alio wild cows and other being cut otF, is tyM up in skin, that the
wild bealls we fpoke of when we gave fcent mav not evajôratc. Alter whiJi
>.;-. ; \. .ir -1 the
. :
I
K li
Chap. IX. 0/ I NDOSTA N. 241
Okmimi
i the beaft lives but a (hort time.
are alio taken on the cold mountains
They thirteen
or fix
filver Roupies
pieces of ci<^ht,
and a quartw,
^panijh money, "n>
ot the kingdom ot Butan, in the l.iti- hdf Roupies, and quarnrs. On botli''-'^'^
tude of 56 and 60 degrees,
but the iorti there arc Prijian .thinAtn with
greatell and tnc beft comes
quantity the name of the cicy where ii Is coin'd,
out ot the country of the Tartars bor- and the king's n.imc on the rcverfc.
'=*
dering on China, where they make u There arc to^jpcr pieces, call'J^
alfo
great trade of it. The fcent is fo ftrong, Pejies, four whercol make a RoM'
fifty
that having bought a little at Peking, pie of filver. I'he Rajas, or pagan pet-
itwas fmcit at a great dillance, as if ty kings, in their dominions coin gold
my portmanteau lud been full of it, pieces call'd Pagods, lictaule they have
which caus'd fome difputc with the a little Paged llamp'd on them, and
cuftomers. They (b adulterate it, mix- tliefe are worth a /ecihine of I'enice.
ing it with other blood, that when it Both the golil and filver, are much
comes into Europe, it is not a quarter finer than the gold of the Spanijh pi-
musk. flolcs, and filver of their pieces of eight.
foul. As for foul, there are all in India Foreign coin i. alio cunciu in the AIo-
that Europe alfords, and many peculiar gid'% country ; as /.en liincs, by which
to the country. In the woods there tliere i; much got, pieces of eight, J-
arcabundance of peacocks, feveral forts baj/is o: Perfia, and other forts ; but
of parrots and green pigeons. There more particularly
in tiie ports, and
are moH beautiful birds, to be kept in piaces of trade.
cages, both figlitly for their feathers, They reckon by l.ekes, each worth
and pleafant for finging fweetly. I faw one hundred thoufand Roupies Crotis ;
fome half as big as wheat-ears, all fpot- or Crororef, which arc one hurklred
ted like a tyger. Befides the wild hens, Leekes ; and yf, bs, that are ten Crous.
there is a fort of tame ones, whole skin The Batman, und lif, 1, are weigiits of
and bones are very black, but they fifty five fx)unds. Another fmaller weight
are well tilled. is call'd Goer or Kerr, but they fome-
Coin. The money coin'd in Indojlan is, Rou- times change according to tlic prince's
j)ies, half Roupies, and quarter Roupies will,
of filver -, as alfo Roupies of gold, worth

Vol. IV.
tygcrs,
\\ ith
not to
leniioii
/Hill/l.
ill ac-.Mii''
ind &'-'
out
in
is
Q.qq JFoy.
,ind
belly
egg.
which
Lit the
wiiiJi
the
24.2 Book III. Chap. I
-^ Voyage round the World by Dr. John may

The
e
V
being I
Francis Gemelli Careri. Part III. have n
It;, .;
are car
are alio
as bein
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he faw in as they
INDOSTAN. border
Savagi,
and Gn
I,!. '
1 ,: robbers
X'.i.
BOOK III.
beafts.
tia thirt)
five thoi
pies, an
like fun
CHAP. I. !
Suratte,
fend tra\
Of the feveral Religious in Indoftan.
Penti, n
ly be cal
GtMriLi
169,-.
T iHis vaft empire, befides the na-

tives, is inhabited by Per/ians,
Tarlars, AhiJfiniMs, Annenians,
JeKs, Chrijtians, Mahomelans,
and others; but tiie rw-^ univerfal reli-
gions are ihc Miihometan, and the Pagan \
which is
life ; and are call'd,

divideil into ten
The firfl five feed on herbs, and grain, "'
without ever eating any thing that has
the lirfl Maratas,
the feiond 'I'elanga, the third Canara^
the fourth Drovaras, and the fifth Cu-
feveral feels. Toniccit
'*>»»
!t,:r::,iH!
the
t:ibc.
third
in them,
difterenct
but they
beef, an(:
The
into
tl
twei
for the firft is profefs'd by the Mogul, and zaratti ; one ano-
the four firft eat in ries into
the other by the antient lords and people thers houfes, but not in thofe of the that has
of the country. Having difcours'd fully Guzarattes. The other five fefts cat of Almoft a
of the Mahometan in the firll volume, all living creatures, except fifh , and ing bred
and thefe emperors being of the Turkijh are call'd Gauri, Canogia, Triatori, which they are
iccl, it only remains to give a fhort are the Brachmam of Goa, Gagavali, Armeniam
account in this cha]uer of the Pagan. and Pongaput, none of which eat in the There z
z iribts.
frAnirHi- All tiic GeiuUcs in India hold the tranf- houle of another. one call'd
)jr;.M,iiioi
migration of fous, like rhe Pytbajôre- In thefe ten lefts, or orders of Brach- ^'lim the Author
ibuls "'
ans, by which me-i.-is. in their opinion, mam, no man may marry out of his ''"^'
Thefe eat
the fculs after death receive the reward own tribe. In the crofs line, in which "hm •
one of thi
or puniftiment of tiieir good or evil adli- only they may take wives, the prohi- ries into tf
ons, being put into good or bad crea- bition reaches to the feventh degree of the husban
; 1
tures. And therefore th^y pay fingular confanguinity, or affinity ; but the daugh- SvMn 2 There ai
honour to the cow, uy the advice of Ra- ter of a brother may marry the Ion of timber-nie;
mak their legiflator, as being creatures a filter, that is, her couiln yet not the •, the other
that, befiJes tiie good they do to men, contrary, that is, the fon of the brother forts of rtel
Ih.ill receive the fouls of good men. By with the daughter of the filter, that the ly fifh. T
reafon of this fame opinion, they take lame blood may not come into the fa- own tribe,
fpccial other creatures ; not
care of all mily. 'l"hc Guzarattis are not fubjecl; ther, and t
only forbearing to eat them, but ufing to this law. The Can
1- ,"i;;..!..,v
all means to prevent others killing them ; All thele ten tribes of Bracbmans vided into (
and was faid before, in fomc cities

as converfe with one anoilur ; but if one fering even
-I;:]'-,
they have hofpitals, where they are at a comes that is not walli'd, he may not and eat all
v.ill looking after fick creatures.

cxpence in touch any body, left he defile them ; i: do not inte
Tho' they all profefs one religion, yet being a precept among them to walli getlier, and
they arc diviiied into eighty four feds, tiieir body morning, noon and night. The Ga.
or tribes; each of which has its particu- 'I'heir widows do not marry again, and herdiinen,
lar rites and ceremonies ; ami fome pe- if burn themfelves with their
they will every thing
ilr ^:i|i^;i'!:'
culiar profelfion or trade, which their husbands body, they gain much reputa- fiefh. The
..I ,'
M)
children never leave, without they woukl tion ; fuch as will not, are look'd upon The Mai
be for ever reputetl infamous ; as I was as cowardly, and infamous. other tribe.
told by a Brachman, 1 tent for on purpole The fecond tribe is tliat of the /v'rt- ^'Vv-' fame excep
to be inlbrm'd in what relates to them. japours, or princes dcfccnileil from war- 'I';^,!'""''
dows marry
The and princijial tribe is that
fnft like men. Tiiefe only eat in the liou- The Soni.
tlie nrll
of tiie Hrachmans, who are profefTors of f. of their own tribe, or in thofe of ed into Cot
tribe.
learning, and prielts of their religion. ti.^ Bi\:tl'!itaii>, in wliicli all the others obfervc the
may
i
)0K III. Chap. I. 0/ I N D O S T A N. 24.3
hn
[I.
7 111
fects. Ten i«.,

;
^44 -^ V^f^^^ fomd the World. Book III.

Chap. I
GrMEiiiout of their tribes, but the widows may The Jogii are people of all tribes, y.^,,.
'''95
hiive ferond husbands. who have impos'd on themfelves a moll and le
aH^^Q^ Tlie tribe of Giintias, who are atl ixiirtful of penitent life.
fort Befidcs pole tf
traders, nothing but fi(h. Neither

eat being continually naked, fome of them HUuhi- Amoni
,hf god- lacbich(
marry into, nor eat witii another tribe hold up their arms in the air, without
deb.
\'q that for .vant of another, a poor man ever letting them down \ others hold body t
fometimes gets a wife with fifty thou- them behind, till in time they cannot as if il
iirnd crowns. move them. Some hang themfclvcs up Cunlunu. nary pc

B.6ri.is. In Suratte tlicre are Bubrias, Ctilis, with ropes others dole •'heir mouths
•,
funu, h
and Rajapours, wlio and with padlocks, fo that thc; mull be fed fix teen
cat only filb,
wild-flem.Tiiey e.it tciêther, but do with liquids ; others run an iron-ring Opinions Some
not marry out of their tribes. Their through their prepuce, and hang a little iiig 'jnc
wives do not marry again, but burn bell to it ; which, when the filly bar- thither,
S"d.
themleives, if they will. ren women hc.r, they run to fee, and Sl\x of
to recei
f.ir. The Farajis, mai<e (iindals lii<e thofe touch him, hoping by that means to be-
of the RecoUts. Vat any fort of flelh,
_
come fi-uitful.
tho' rotten, cat together, and intermix The Gentiles pay fo great a refpeft
in without any prohibition
marriages, •,
to thele penitents, that they think them-
but their tribe being reputed very vil?, felvesluppy, who can proilitute daugh-
they are not ailow'd to enter the houfcs ters, fillers, or kinf-women to their
of other Gentiles, or touch them ; and lewdncfs, winch they believe lawful in
inuft keep at a great dillance. them ; and for this reafon there are
In the country of the lvalues of cape fo many thoulands of vagabond Fakirs
Comeri, they arc rall'd Polias, and as throughout Inclia. When the Fakirs meet
they go along the llrccts, if they will with Beraghis (which another fort of
is
not venture to be beaten, mull cry Po, penitents, differently habited, with their
Po, that the other Gentiles may taite care hair and beard Ihav'd) tliey fight def-
liieir very Ihadow docs not touch them, peratcly. They never marry, and eat
which would defile them, and tiiey in the houfcs of except the
all feds,
would be forc'd to wafh. Polias. They go into the kitchin, and
This cultom makes the Jefuils that take what they will, tho' the mailer be
are mifTioners there lead a very uneafy not at home. They ccme together like
life ; tor being oblig'd to imitate the fwine by beat of a tabor, or at the blow-
ways of that the better to ining of a horn, and march in companies
#• :, SSI gratiate
tribe,
with thofe barbari-
themfclvcs with banners, lances, and other weapons,
n:y
,, (
ans, they are forcM to wafli themfclvcs which, when they reft, they lay down by
as many times a day as the others do ; their mailer. They boall they arc de-
to feed upon raw herbs and when two -, fcended from Revanche- Ram, who wan- Aim.
fathers meet in the ftreet, one acting dered about the world poor and naked ;
the Klines, and the other the Polias, and thefevagabonds for imitating him,
they keep at a dillance from one ano- are look'd upon as faints, and live a
ther, that they may not be fufjêded. loofe life, with the priviledge of com-
'i'here is no doubt they convert very mitting any crime their brutality fuggeils.
,,r many i but abundance of them not be- Now confidcring fo great a number
ing us'd to that liarddiip, fall into dan- of Icils, and fuch variety of manners,
gerous dillempers. whi( h makes it imprafticable for them
Of all the tribes here mention'd, on- to be unanimous in government, it is
ly Brachmans and Banians are fo
the not to be thought tlrange that fo llii,ill
precifc about killing of all creatures •,
a number of Mahometans fhould fubdiie bod.
that even thofe venomous may

tliat are fuch a multitude of Gentiles ; fince di-
bite them without receiving any harm vifions and ilifcord have ever been the
from them but the other;; in this cal'e
i molt efficient caufes in the world to
kill them. overthrow die greatcll monarchies.
"^:R||
C H A P. 11.
Of the Opinions avJ Superjlitiom of the IJoLiters,
men They
titit/. Tl lefc Cemiles are fo
profound fuperilition, that they do
blinded with things
Ram
delight in.
mighty deity, on account of the

a
cllcem
not think it iiKonfillcnt to make their woiuicrs he wrought whilll living, by

gods be born ot men, and affign thcni means of a monkey, which eroding the
women ; believing they love the ia.nc fca at one leap, burnt Rhrjan'% paLice,
and
:i:^
Chap. II. 0/ i N O S TA N. 24$
and leap'd back again, to which pur- fafl feveral days, becaufe their ropeGEMEi.1.1
pofe they tell a long and tedious fable. broke before they could get another ''''Jv
Among the goddefles they count Ma- of the priefts. ^^v.'VJ
,bf goJ- lacbicbe, who they fay never refus'd any When any one is to be expell'd the j^''''"'-"''' ''
body that ask'd it, the ufe of her body ; tribe of the fir^fiz/Mw, Banians, or Bait-^l^.^'
as if flie had perform'd fomc extraordi- gafclines, for fome heinous crime, they
Cmfanu. nary pennance ; and fo a man call'd Cuit- take away his line thus. All that are of 'i'-T
funu, becaufe whilft he liv'd he enjoy'd the tribe in that place meet before the
fixtccn thoufand women. Boto, or priefl, and accufc the criminal
Opinions Some of them believe there are EU- of fuch a crime. He replies, and if his
loncern- fian fields, and that in order to come defence be not good, the Bo:o takes away
thither, a river is to be pafs'd, like the his line, wipes off the Tilla, or colour on
t;uJ.
Shx of the antients, where they are his forehead. Then all the company falls
to receive new bodies. Others are of to chewing of Betele, eating of cocoa-

opinion the world will end very foon, nuts, and fmoaking tabacco, without
after which tiiey fliall live again, and giving the criminal any ; only out of
go into a new country. They all believe pity they throw him down on the ground
there is but one God, who has a thou- a leaf of tabacco.
fand arms, and a thoufand eyes, and as If he defires to be again admitted into How re-
many feet j not knowing any better way the tribe, he mull go from houfc to"'.^'*'''
how to explain the thoughts of his om- houfe, begging pardon and abfolution^'
nipotency. They fay they have four books of thofe that voted, making them fen-
lent them by God, above fix thoufand fible of his refignation, and foothing
years fince, through the hands of their the Boto with the prclcnt of a cow.
prophet Ram ; two of which books are This done, he gives all the tribe a
Ihuc, and two open ; but that they can treat, who receive him again, and the
only be read by tl.of" of their religion. priell gives him the line and Til/a.
Befides, tliat tiiere are icvpn heavens, in All the fefts of GentHfs on this fideG-wi/,-,
"
the highell of which God fits ; and that Ganges, are very fcrupulous as to eatine '" '"f
he does not take notice of the particu- with chnltians, and Mnhometans, or ma- oihcr,-;
lar adlions of men, becaufe they are king ufe of the fame utenfils. But thofe
not worthy to be the objedt of his di- beyond Malaca make no difficulty of it.
vine thoughts. They alio lay there is They are fo or ignorant as to a (ooWRi
filly,
a place where he may be feen, .ns it were conceit a woman may conceive by ftrength opinion
through a far difbnt cloud. As for evil of imagination ; and that tho' they are of theirs, ''it;i
fpirits they believe they are fo chain'd up, many thoufand miles diltant, and that
tliat they can do them no harm. for feveral years, yet their wives ima-
/Lin, They talk of a man call'd Adam, who gining they lie with them, may become
was the firft and common father, and with child, and therefore when they hear
they fay that his wife, having yielded to of their being brought to bed, they
the temptation of eating of the forbid- make great rejoycing.
den fruit, made her husband eat too; To this purpofc, father GalU, prefeftA plc.ir.nt
^'•il
but that as the mouthful he took was of the Theatins of Goa, told me a plea-P'''"''S<^-
going down, the hand of God ftopp'd
its pafTing further, and thence comes the
fant flory. i). Francis
of Ahor, arriving from Portugal, to be
dc Tavora, earl
I
knot men have in their throat, which vice-roy of India ; news was brought
they therefore call Adam^s apple. that his wife, whom he left big with
'rhe prieflhood among them is here- child, was deliver'd of a fon. Among
hod.
ditary, as it was formerly among the the reft a Pagan merchant went to con-
Jews ; for, as was faid before, when a gratulate him, and thinking to make the
Brachmnn marries, he nuift take the vice-roy a great complement fiid, /
daughter of another Bracbman. They wi/fj Excellency Joy, and hope you
your
are diftinguilliable from all other Gen- Kill have Neics every year of the Birth of
tiles, by a firing or rope made of three a Son. This woulil have put him in a
threads of new cotton, which they wear palTion, had not fome told him that the
hanging about their neck, and wound idolaters held that prcpoftcrous opinion.
about the left arm. It is put upon boys The women are happy, that cm take
of nine, or ten years of age with great theirliberty, and make their filly hus-
folemnity, but never upon girls. This bands believe they concciv'd by thinking
cllcein firing or line is to fignify the unity of on them.
lilt of r.hr God in three perfons, which they call When an idolater is dying, his kin- Dying
|ing, by Biama, Vijlii, and Mayffu. They will drcd pl.icc a cow near tlie bed, and"i';n.
|n"ing the never eat a bit without they have it on ; fhake her tail till fiie piires-, if it rea-
l>al.ice, and fome of them Iiavc been known to ches the dying man's face, it is look'd
ami ' Vol. IV. H r r upon
H^ A Voyage round the florid. -^^^^ ill || Chap. 11
OfnuELLi upon as a good loken of his future manner of inheritance, as was Hiid be-
1695. fl.-^^(. J
othtrwife, but particularly if the fore. But if the women are found to
'-^""'^ bead does not pifs, the obfequies are have to do with men of another fedt,
perform'd in a very melancholy man- they become flaves to their queen of
ner. pur the cow's tail
Befides, they Ctuiara. When a brother marries, his
into the dying man's hand, thinking wife is common to the reft.
his foul may gu into her body. In lliort, By a priviledge granted them by their Sccuriiv
they believe every man may be fav'd in aueen, they accompany travellers through for tme;.
his religion, and his fcrt, lo he exadly lofe parts that are infclled with rob-''"-
obferve God's comniantlments, and the bers,and if tiiey happen to prefume to
light of reoibn ; wliich judgment, tho' rob any man, they all meet, and pur-
jEUfc, fome divines would follow, were it fue the felcns till they utterly extripate
not condemn'd by the cliurch. them. Thus one boy with a rod in
Tr'ul of The trial upon fulpirion of theft a- his hand malces it lîfe travelling t' rough-
ihclt.
mong them, is by making the party out all be through woods,
Caiiara, tho' it
i'wim over a river tiut is full of cro- and over mount.iins and a traveller for ;
codils, and if he gets over fife, he is a fmall matter m.^y have one from one
reputed not guilty. The Naira call village to another.
xbis the palfage ot crocotlils. The fuperftition of all the GentUei in Bar j--
Thefe Njins are nor gre..: wizaj-ds, hiSa, makes tlicm murderers of their'"'";-..
lortcrers.
do they ever expofe themfclvcs to any own children •, for it is their cullom
leats of arms, witiiout iirft: confuliing when the infant will not fuck, to carry
i;- I
xhe devil. To this purpofc they let it into die fi.'Id ; and there tiiey leave
their hair fly, and draw fome blood out from morning till night, in a cloath
'«.
of their forehead vith a knife ; then ty'd up on high by the four corners,
ilancing to the muf .k of a drum, they that the cxows may peck its eyes out,
call him aloud, and he comes to adviie and this is the reafon why there are fo
them whether they had befl engage their many blind in Bengala. Where there
enemy. But when the enemy repents are monkeys, the danger not fo great, is
he gave the challenge, and makes a fign becaull* they being enemies to the crows
to beg peace, they cafily grant it. throw all their eggs down from the trees,
Wonicr. m Their women are in common. When and hinder their multiplying. At night
any of them is with her, he leaves his the infant is cirry'd home, and if lie
fword aud buckler at the door, that eve- will not fuck is expos'd a fecond, and
ry body may know the pl.ure is taken up ;
«2
the field, and at lafl hated
'.'i
third time in
and therefore there being no certainty as if it were fome fnake, or adder, and
''
! whofe the cliildren ;ire, they alter the call into the river.
CHAP. III.
Of fiver al Pngods of the Gentiles.
v.irKty t)(TN all the temples or Pagods of thefe mait or high-priell refides. There they
i.itfls.
J^ idolaters, which for the moft part adore the great idol Kifora, adorn'ii
arc round, there arc fi;ûres of devils, with many jewels. Its revenues main-
ferpcnts, monkeys, and feveral mon- tain all that vaft multitude of pilgrims
llers behold.
hideous to In the villa- that rcfort on account ot the
thither,
ges, where there are not carvers to cut convcniency of the river Ganges, waHi-
them, they take a Hone ihap'd like a ing in whofe water they think cleanlcs
cilinder, or fmall pill.ir, colour'd black, tlicm from fin more than any other.
^^ ' and placing it on a column, adore it The Pagod of Boiarus is built on theSecnrj
inftead of an idol, ofiering to it facri- bank of Ganges, in the city of the fameP^"-
fice of Bi'teli; Anrca, and other things •,
name, and there is a tlair-cafe from thc"'''»''
as I obferv'd in travelling over difmal door of it down to that river, to walh
mountains, where the loimtry people or ilrink. The vagabond Fakirs carry
had made choice, lome of a ffone, o- on backs veffels full of this wa-
their
thers of a tree, and fome of an herb ter (lopp'd and fcal'd by the great Brnch-
for their idol, ?nan, to prevent all frauds, for feveral
firft grae Xhe chief Pagods, to which they go hundreds of miles, to be well paid tor
pilgrimage are tour i Giagrane, Bc- by rich people and merchar.^' they
-'i*« fî?'-'*."
iJLuje.
in
iiurui, Maturti anil Tripeti. That of
it
prefent it to. At weddings they fpend

Ciiigraiie, is upon one of the mouths ot the value of five hu.ndred crowns of it,
the fiver Ganges, where the great Brath- or more, it being the cuitom lo f ve
a
)0K III. fl Chap. Hi 0/ I NDOST A N. 247
d be- ;
•;
;
24.8 j^ Voyage round the World. Book III.

Chap. \
GsMFT.1.1 up, blolToms, and be;irs ripe fruit. O- kin, Arachan, Pegu, S'tam, China, ami
'9''5- thers lay the eggs under the hen, and feveral Chams in great Taitary •, in tlie
^•^^"^^^^
hatch tlicm at the lame time ; which can iflands the king of Japan, and Ceylon,
be nothing but nicer illufion. But I ne- and fome roytelets of the Alolucco iflands
ver faw it. as alfo all the Rajas in the Mogul's em-
J P'.e.ii The princes of Afta that are idoia- pire, but of feveral feds, fome lefs fu-
Lings.
jgf3^ jfg the kings ot Cocbincbina, Tun- periiitious than others.
CHAP. IV.
The Authr continues the Acnunt of what he jaw in the Camp of Galgala.
H FAving
Agiii, to liT
of
defir'd a chriftian captain
me know when
opportunity ofler'd of feeing the king
an
mountains, raJl'd Seltais-pale,
which there are villages, and lands till'd
by Gentiles of the vile tribe of Faras.
among
of Vifapor, he fcnt on 'Tuejday the 2 2d Aurenge Zeb feeing the forces of the
of March, to appoint me to be at his kingdom, amounting to thirty thoufand
tent in the morning, that we migiit and as many foot, employ'd
mi. i':i\i go together to the king's quarters to
horle,
gainli thefe rebels, he laid hold of the
a-
iatisfy my I went according-

curiofity. opportunity, and befieg'd the city and
ly, and he being ready, we both let caitle of Vifapor ; which he took after
but. Being come to the king's tents, a vigorous defence of three years, m.-ide
we waited for him to paft by, to go by Sidi Manfulu, a black, who govern'J
pay his refpeds to the Great Mogul. In during the king's minority, and carry'd
fhort, within an hour I f,iw the unhap- away Sikandar prifoner, to whom he
py king, whofe name was Sikandar, come afterwards allow'd a million of Roupies
with a handfome retinue. He was a a year, to maintain him decently.
fprightly youth twenty nine years of Tannfia, king of Golconda, who, inOfiij
age, of a good feature, and olive colour'd my time was lixty years of age, hadjsi"?'^!
complexion. Aurcnge Zeb depriv'd him the fame misfortune. His general Emir ""'"
of his liberty and kingdom, as lie did Gemla being difgufted, invited Aurenge
him of Golconda, in the year 1685, up- Zeb 10 invade the kingdom through his
on pretence that he had given Hiivagi means. The ambitious Mogul hafted
paflage through country, which he
his thither, but notwithflanding his intelli-
could not have if he would.
liindred, gence with the traitor, could not com-
firiginal The of the king oi ViJ'a-
true original pafs his defign ; and was forc'd to re-
oi tht kingôv's misfortunes was, that the queen turn to his country with difhonour. He
°'J^'J": being left a widow, and without chil- afterwards again attempted the fortreS
tonuncs. dren, Savagi, who was ofiended at the of Golconda, but the befieg'd making a
king deceas'd, for having caus'd Jiis fa- refolute defence,and an army of feventy
ther Nair Savagi, then captain of the thoufand horfe, and as many foot, keep-
guards, to die in a goal, took the field ing Aurcnge-Zeb's army in the field with-
with a fmail army of fcoundrels ; and in bounds ; both fides thought fit to
foon made himfelf mafter of the for- conclude a peace on this condition, that
trefTes of Rajapor, R.ifigar, Crapaten, Mabmud, fon to Aurenge-Zeb, fhoukl
Dahul, and part of Malabar. Some take the king of Golconda'% daughter to
think that raifing the fortifications of wife, and receive the kingdom as a por-
Rafigar, he there found a great trea- tion, after the father's death.
flire,which enabled him to continue the When the war with Akbar was con-
war. The queen finding her felf in that cluded, Scialam was fent with a powerful
condition, thought it convenient during army, to attack Golconda a-new v but he
the minority of Sikandar, whom flie had cither thinking the conquefl difficult, or
adopted for her fon, and bred up in the overcome by Tanafcia's promifes, to give
doflrine of //d/i, before the king's death, him his daughter in marriage, and alBfl
to make a peace, tho' difhonourable -,
him to fecure his father's throne ; fo ma-
*
leaving to Savagi, the country he had nag'd affairs, tfiat he obtain'd his father's
conquer'd, yet to hold of her, and to confent to fettle peace, and tho' after-
pay half the revenue as tribute. wards he receiv'd never fo many repeat-
^lll'i"
At the fame time Pamniach, who was ed commands, could never be prevaii'd
tributary to the fame crown, took up on to return to the fiege, but calling ins
arms to fliak*; off that yoke ; relying fcimiter at his feet, told him, he was a
on the natural ftrength Oi his country, Muffulman, and could not break the peace
lying between cwmty fcvcn in accclTiblc lie had promis'd to keep.
Sciahm,
m
III.
Chap. V. 0/ I N D O S T A N, 249
Sdalam tlius refufing, ylurenge Zeb phant, cry'd out to him, becaufe hcCfMF.Ln
inarchM in peribn, after he liad conquer'd had not bound his hands behind him. "f^li^
'-''''"^'^*J
the kingilom of yifapor, with a mighty The fon anfwcr'd, that he was a king,
army to beficge Golcomla. At his firlt and he ought to be (iuisfy'd with depri-
coming, he fecurM the pafs on the river, ving him of his kingdom and liberty.
and Bagmigor, where the palace was, and Having flnit him up in the fort of Bo-
then without Haying to fortify it, by the let- Abad, the A/fl^K/allow'd him a wretch-
advice of the Franks he had in his fcr- ed maintenance of twenfy Roupies a day ,
vice, who gave me this relation, he went but a fon being born to him in prilbn,
on to befiege tiie fortrefs, whither the which he never had whillt on his throne,
king was This being built with
retir'd. in pitty to the infant born at fuch an
vait great Hones, and encompafs'd witli unfortunate time, he rais'd his allowance
a deep ditch, heki out a fiege of nine to five hundred Roupies a day.
months, tho' batter'd by many pieces of Pitimaich, who had with confiderable
cannon, and particularly by three pieces forces alTilled the Mogul in conquering
of fucli a prodigious bignefs, tliat each the kingdom, was rewarded with death,
of them was tlrawn by five hundred ele- upon very flight jealoufies which en- •,
pliants, and two hundred oxen, if wc raging his fon, he refus'd to pay the
may believe what the foldiers told me ; tribute, and retir'd among inacccinblu
for they could make but a fmall breach mountains ; but a few years after, the
in a fort tiiat was not enclos'd with greater power prevailing, he fubmitted
walls, but with a rock. At length, to pay tribute, and receive a gover-
want of provifions, and diftempers that nour appointed by tlic Mogul into his
rag'd in the place, befides the prelents dominions,
and promifes Aurenge-Zeb made, did not JVednefduy the 2 5d, I din'il with the
only prevail with the defendants to de- captain of Agra, who treated me very
fert to him by degrees, letting them- handfomly, after the country manner.
felves down from the wall with ropes Tburfday the 24th, I was conducted to a
in the night, but corrupted the gover- neighbouring Pagod, to fee a penitent,
nour, who fiirrendered the fortrefs againfl who held up his arms, the joints being
the king's will ; he offering to pay a hardned, or knit together, fo that he had
tribute of three millions, and feven hun- no ufe of them. Friday the 25th, I
dred thoufmd Roupies, which Aurenge- look'd out for fome company to go back
Zeb refus'd, cntring the place vidlorious with me to Goa, becaufe the Begarian
in the year1686. ylzamfcia carry'd a-
king prifoner, who having a
of St. Stephen and my interpreter were
both fled i but could find none. I fpent
I
to re- way the
He collar of inellimable value on, prcfented my time in on Saturday,
vain alfo feek-
fortreS it to him ; but his father Aureni':-Zeb ing for company.
aktng a perceiving he carry'd him on an ele-
feventy
keep-
i with- CHAP. V.
fit to
,
that
T/jo Others return io Goa, the fame Way he came.
IhouW
htcr to
a por-
THE that
now fo flir advanc'd,
feafon w.as
fpend any more time at
to
chini,
a
which is a black feed, that
man giddy, and lb ill-tafted, that a
makes
f^-algala, would have made me flip the op- dog would not eat it. Whilft it was hot,
ras con- pii "unity of going over to China; there- necefTity made me eat that bread of Ibr-
owerful fore bearing patiently with my Indian's row •,
but could not fwallow it cold, tho'
but he running away, I made the beft of it, and I had none for three days. At night I
:ult, or relblv'd to venture all alone thro' a coun- lay near the Pagod of Mandapour.
to give try inverted with robbers and enemies to Tuefday the 29th, meeting the caravan
,d a mil chriflianity. Having heard mafs on Sun- of oxen beyond Onor, I travel'd with it
fo ma- day the 27th, I mounted but very melan- till fun-fet i but being necefTitated to a-
father's choly ; and believing when 1 came at light, and the caravan going on, I lofl:
'
afcer- night to Edoar, I rtiould find the cara- fight of it, the night growing dark.
repeat- van of oxen for Bardes, or fome chriftian Then being left alone in the open field,
rev.iil'il of Goa, was difippointed of both. Set- without any thing to eat, or place to take
ing Ins ting out thence on Monday the 28 th, I fhelter, and in much dread of robbers, I
was 1 came before noon to the village of Rodcl- laid me down among the bufhes.
peace ki i w'iiore defiring a Gentile by figns to fVednefday the 30th, when day ^}^-Be/lgin^
make me a cake of bread, the knave in- pcar'd, I went on alone, without any city,
Itead of whcaten flower nude it oi Ma- knowledge of tlic ro.ad, but what the
Sot. IV. S ff track
Ill »•,''
M mmk
ajo A Voyage round the IVorhl Book III. p Chap. V
moi
?.'!
; .
.! I
I'
OK HI. I Chap. V. 0/ I NDOSTA N. 241
h;iil rcreiited it ; and tlicrefore tlic J(J'u-
its for nine years part, do not Ihcw it to

any but the vice-roy, and fome other
perlbns ot" quality. Being lold as much
at my iirll coming to Cloa, I lb far pre-
vaii'd, as to have the virc-roy ufe his
power with the provincial i and he not
knowing iiow to refufe him, would at
leall deter tiie lavoiir till that morning ;
ihcwing me the holy body, with the
churcli (liiit, doath'd in its habit, which
is chang'd every year.
I'riiliiy the Sth, I went to lee the
church of tlie Jtaliiin Carmelites, on a
plealant hill. Tho' Imall, it is very .:au-
titiil,and arch'd, as arc all the chui .I'es
in India, with fix chappels, and an high
altar, well gilt. I'he monaftcry is hand-
Ibme and well contriv'd, with excellent
cloirtersantl cells, and a ilelicious gar-
den, which there are Cbinefc palm-
in Na
trees which yield a pleafing fliade, witii
their low and thick leaves. There arc
alfo two cinnamon trees, like that of
Ceylon. At prefent it is dccay'd from
what it was, before the Italian fathers
were by the king's order, be-
confin'il
caule only one Portiigtteje lather can-
not take fo mii> h pains. The firrt had
been again receiv'd into favour, but
four of them dy'd at lea, coming from
Portugal.
SalfiriLn the 9th, there being fomeap-
prehenfion ol die coming of .Arabian
fliips, ail themen and priefts
religious
went down arm'd by order of the arch-
bifhop to the fort of jiguada, to make
good that pais among the foldiers,
Siinda-j the loth, 1 went to pay my rc-
fjjcfts viceroy, who receiv'd me
to the
very courteoully, and difcours'd with me
in French about two hours, about news
from Europe and Ajia, and when I took
my leave made me very civil oilers.
Monday the iith, the commadore, a
fmall veliel, and a lirefhip lliil'd out ot
the harbour for the gulph of Perjia, to
aflift tiie king of Perjia againft the Iman
of Mafcate; wlio, with live lliips had
burnt the Portii%tiefe f.iclory, and feve-
ral houfes ; robb'd the cuftom-houfe,
and carry'd away four pieces of cannon
there were in the fort, with the arms of
Spain on them, brought thither from
Ormus. Tiie king of Per/ia had then
ninety thouland men
ready to lend into
Arabia Falix, againft tiie Iman.
Viceroys There are three palaces at Goa, for
fJjccs.
the ufe of the vice-roy. The chief of
them, call'd the fort, near the church
of the Tbealins, and yafio de Gama\
gate, has tiic profpeft of the channel,
and confifts of excellent apartments,
and a royal cliappel. In the hall of
'Mi
pi!'''
IFs
IjiiJg;;.;'!!
'if
; 1
III.
Chap. VL 0/ I NDOSTA N.
with fome Italian fathers, who were made of Iiiilian wood, varnilliM, wiih'i*M«'ii
bound for China, aboard the lame vcl- the apolUcs painted on it. 'I'lir l^""'*^
, L*'!^.
fcl, they very civilly fliew'd mc all the is fmall, and the cells tor thirty novi- ^^
houfc. llic church is fmall, and has CCS very little. I diiiM in tiie taim ot
three altars well gilt •, but the I'acrifty the AiiijilliiiiiiHi, and lay that night in
has curioun chclh of drawers about it that oi the TUaiiti).
CHAP. VI.
T'he Author's Voyage to Malaca.
MOnda'j the t6th, the vefll-l being un- thr rock, they both run upon the )*ind. .:; I'
der lail, I went aboard. Towanls There being danger that the fhip might
evening came aboard father Emanuel fplit at the Hood, it being then ebb,
Ernira a Portugtwfe, milfioner to '/««- every one endc.ivour'd to carry i.)\\ his
who wore a reverend long beard
cbin, ; goods, cfpecially money, ami to get it
father Jofepb Comioni, a Sicilian,going to alhorc and it would go hanl with the
-,
his miflionof Cochincbinu, which fathers city pilots, if once the velFels were
had been fummon'd to Rome, by his ho- llranded, and they ilid not lly. I put my
lincfs pope LmoccNt the nth, becaule baggage alio.iril a coalter, and leaving
they had refus'd to obey the French bi- my llavc with my provifions, went ro
Ihops and vicars apollolick in thole king- Goa for a new licenle from the inquifi-
doms, to the great fcandal of the chri- tion, put the black aboard the coa-
to
ftians, who favv the church-men excom- Iter, ill cafe the (liips that were ftranded
municate one another, and eight other fhould be rendered unlit to ptrtbrm their
êfuiti of leveral nations, who were go- voyage 1 which I got with fome difficul- -r-M
ing to China ; beiides ten others who
went in the velTel of the merchants of
ty for the reafonsabove alledg'd.
WhiKl: I was ftill at Goa, the vice- ¥W%
Coa, call'd Pumbiirpa, which carry'd the roy gathering abundance of Paraos and
lion above-mention'd. Ballons, went in pcrfon to get oiF the
The fathcrj of the fociety are in velfels with the llood which being •,
fuch ellecm and reputation m India, done, they came up again to take in as
that at night the viceroy came to much water as they had thrown over
vific thole that were aboard the two board to lighten themfelvcs. The iio-
fhips, and llay'd till mid-night in thcfe neft pilot, and mate of our
mailer's
two vifits. Laying hold of this oppor- Ihip had over the palfengcis
alio throv;n
tunity, he himfelf recommended me to provifion and fruit, but not their own ;
the captain, telling him, I was a curi- which afterwards they did cat till they
ous gentleman, that travell'd only to were ready to crack. Taking leave a-
lee the world, and therefore he fliould gain of the fathers Ga/li and Viil-onti, I
ulc me well. His recommendation had return'd aboard with my baggage, but
but little elFert, becaufc the captain, was not told they had thrown over-
who was bred in China, had quite for- board three great baflvets of wine full
got the Porttiguefd civility, which in all of Mangos, for had I known it, I would
places I found they praclis'd more to- have provided other fruit.
wards me, than towards their own coun- Wegot not out on Thurfday the igtli,
try-men ; nor tlid he value another man's through the fliult of the city pilots ; but
merit, or qiialilkations. As foon as the about break of day, on Friday the 20th,
vice-roy was gone they weigh'd anchor, the wind blowing fair at N. W. our
and the veffels were tow'd by leveral v;(Tel call'd the Rojnry, the Puviburpa,
Paraos, which are long boats with fixty and four coaflers put out to (ea. The
oars, and Ballons, which are fmaller Jefuits, as they were the firll that went
the city pilots being aboard, to carry off", fo would they be the laft to return
I f^.t: 4
the vellcls beyond the flat, which is be- aboard. The fame fair wind continu'd
fore the fort of Ga/par Diaz, near which Saturday the 21 It, and Sunday the 2 2d.
we lay all Tuefday, becaule the wind Monday the 23d, the pilots by obler-
•. ,111.
vation found we were in the latitude of
!
Pum- blew hard.

lying fFednefday the fimc wind
i8th, the Cochin. We
had great rains, and ftor-
continuing, and the city pilots having no my winds every day and night, but
hopes it would fall, weigh'd anchor two they did not lalt above an hour. They
hours before day, and began to have call thcfe tempells Sumatras, from the
the (hips tow'd again by the Ballons and iiland of that name. Holding on our
ParMs. But the wind rifing, to avoid courfc fouth on Tuefday the 24th, the
Vol. IV. T 1 pilots
r
S4 yi Voyage round the TForld. Book Il(,
hJ CrMniipilori jiiiIgM we were in the l.uitj'.c ot lii,Liy the id, we were in fi'^lit ol tluA,
"'"); c.ipc C.omori ; wl\iih is liki- tliit iit lii.'id illanil ot Suol'.ir, the wind blowing '!'•!
''^\'î Hopt: Ic ii to Ik obliivM, tli.it in tins frelher. This illand jiays a tribute of x'^''"'
nl.ice tlicy tinil .\ midII un.itcoiini.ililt; certain number of human bodies to the
work ot nature •, wludi is, tli.it at tlie illand ol /iHilimdiii, to be eaten by the
t'.imc tinu' it is winter at Cinj, anil all natives o!' it. I'hefc brutes rather tlua
alofij; that coall, is runimir upon all nun, ufe, when they have wounded .m
life. ^ 1-1,
it
T •!
the oppolitc toall, as tar as the kinj;- enemy, to run greedily to luck the blooil
tloni ot (!o/aiiiLi, aiul thus in .i kw that runs. The Dii/Jj are witnclles of
hours they go iVoni wintiT to Uinuiu'i , this cruelty lor they goiny;
ol theirs ,
wiiiih is experimentally known to he true with live lliips to lubdue them, and land-
every ilay, l>y tiie natives of Md.inrc, ing eiglit luiiidred men, iho' they were
'fiiir, Tiiiijiii/r, (liiigr, ALidr.iiliip'i'-i", well intrencird to defend themklves a-
the people ot the Naiibcs, ami other gainll thole wild people 1 yet they were
Paân princes. moll of them kiil'd, very lew having
lf''eii>if'ild\i the .'.',th, makin}^ an obfer- the good fortune to fly to their lliips.
vation, wc lounil our Iclves in the l.iti- Itaihh Coiit'ti:ljo, general ot Sal-
Siiiir
tnik o( cape (i.iHi in the illanti ot Cri.'cii, zcllt\ me, that the chief motive the
told
which was ioylui mw to all ahoarJ, as DiitJj had to attempt the conquell ot
then lure tlv'y Ihoukl coniiiuic their
iieini> tiiat illand, was a report fpiead abnwd,
voyage; tor hail the louth wiiul llart- that there was a well in that illand, whole
eil u|) before we reachM that place, we water converted iron into gold, anj
couki have [ône no turtiier, l)ut mull was the true philolbphers Hone. The
have run away to northward, as hap- ground of this rumour was, an Englijb
pen'ii to two ihips ot Chiiu, which let iliip jnicting into that illand atteV a
out in the year ituM, ami put into re- dicadlul florm, where they oblcrv'd thac
lit after the llorin, the one at J).i>iitm, a little water which .m illiiuler carry'd,
anil tiie other at linmhaim. On the con- being Ipilt upon an anchor, that pare
trary, being once in the latitude of cape of it which was wet with it, turn'd into
6'(////, no wind could put us by our voy- gold and alking him where he luiil
-,
age. W'c were iiere, according to tlic tliat w.iter, he told them out of a well
pilot's computation, lix hundred miles in the illand, after which they kiil'd him,
from (loa. I can neither affirm nor deny that there
The ifland of Ceilon bclides its rich is Inch a well ; but only declare this
illaiul.
cinnaiTion, which world is carry'd all the lloiy was told me by tatiier Emanuel
over, has the belt elephants, as wis laid I rncirii, and by Coutinho a knight of
above, anil a mountain that produces the order ot Chrill, before father Galli
rock cryllal, of which at doii they make- at Ctoii, who
had alio heard of it before.
buttons, beads, and other things. No man in Eiiropc or jijhi can give any
ThurfiLis the 2()th, we found our felves more certain account of it, becaufe thole
in the latitude of degrees oppolitc to peojile have no commerce with any na-
the bay ot Heiigata ; and all the mouths tion in the world.
of tlie river Gaiiii'i running into ic, SdHirday the 4th, the fair wind conti--^'-
whilll at the fimc time the natural cur- nuing, we came olf the point of yî/vw,'';' ,'
rent of' the water is from louth to north, where the ALiltiy fea begins, lb cali'd
that lea is very rough. This made the from the M.i/ayes inhabitin;^ tliofe iHamls.
fhip often lie athwart the waves, and jlihnn is on the eaffcrmolt point ot tlie
kept lis all continually watching tor tear. ifland SuiKftira ; a country not govcrn'd
This kingdom of BciiguLt is accounted by a king, as T'dVcrnUr thinks, but al-
liiiKdum.
the mofl fruitful the Mogul has, by rea- ways by a queen the males being ex-
-,
ibn ot its rivers. It has a great tr.ide cluded that inheritance, by the laws of
for lllk, callico, ,mil other llulfs. 1- ind- the kingdom. There are other kings
ing our felves in this latitude we flood and princes in this ifland, part Mdbonu-
to the eallward, and on Friddy the 2;tli, Idiis and part (!r/:/i!i-s ; whole fubjcels are
were olV the Maldivt' iflands. Saliirday near as barbarous as the people of //«-
the 2S'th, the fame fair wind continu'd, di'maon, particularly the inh.ibitancs of a
but with tiie fime rolling. Sutuids the mountain cali'd Bald, that is, rock, not
29th, the wind held on, and a lailortly- far from /hhcin, who cruelly play for
ing was thrown over board. MoiiiLn one anothers lives. AVhen the game is
the ôth, wc were becalm'd, but TiirJ- done, the winner binds the lofer, and
diis the of the month the wind
lafb Hays day for fonie body to buy hiin,
all
came up again, blew harder on lF,;hit\l- when if none comes he kills and cats
ilny the iff of Juiu\ and htld fair on liim as (UjiitUibo told mc, who had been
1
Thttrfilay the 2d. »ip the fiid illand of the kingdom of A-

cbcm.
;
Chap. Vr. 0/ I NDOSTA N. 2??

cbt-m. 'Ihc natives lirnily believe tli;»t dillance for fear. Having given tlicniCJiMmr
it .1 ilyi"S f"-'" '-'•"'' ^ ro.ilh'cl cuckow, lome bifkct and vellels to fetch water, ''"'<
Ik: Iccurts iiis p,illa;',c to liiMVtii -, lo that they were never lien more. Theli; in-'''^'"^
it is .I gooc! ti.ulo to carry thole hirJs habitants of the illand live worli- than
into the illanil, wiiicli is very truittiil anil bealh and their low cottages cannot
•,
rich. In it is touiKl much goM ilull polUbly be feeii, bec.iule of the thick
(wliith m.iiics lonie liippolc it to he tlie green trees about tliem, .is is ufual all
/Ittrea Cbcrfanffta ot the antient-.j tin, .ilong this (oalt we had hitherto run. i
iron, cunjiliire, rviljihiir, white latuial was told there were none but cottages at
and [x-pper. Tlu- Piilih every year liuy Aihi'm, and lliu only the cjueen's p.ilace,
fifty thoiilaml I'iiOi ot pepjier, every /*;- llie liciiig then an old woman, is ol liui-
to is one iiiimiietl ami thirty pounds Sjui- ber, witli a poor mud tort,
mjh, whicli they IlII to tiie Moor> wlio •, I'.ighty mills beyond Scira da Raii:/jj
like it hctt.'r thin any other, becauli" be- or the queen's nunintain, the ciirrer t
m
ing linallcr, they put it into their Pilau is not alw.iys conir.iry, but runs fix
whole. The aii- ot the country is b.ul, hours one way and fix tiie other. 'I he
elJKcially for llranjêrs. heat here is excellive, becaul'e the Ihirms
Siiiiiiay the wind faii'd us near
the [!!, call'd Siimatras and the rains, which ne-
this ifland, always ulijs to do
as To
it i
ver fail in the b.iy, arc here rare anil
that :is much time is Ipent, by realbn of more gentle. 'I'he wind ceafing on Sirn'
the continuil calm between that place (lay the 12th, boat was lent afliore
the
.ind Afiii'iiCii, whicli are but two hun- for wood and water, but found none of
dred anil filty miles afunder, as in ore the hitter.
thoufmd fiw hunlred there are from (joa Monday the 1 :jth, we advanc'd as far
thither, as tlie pilots fiy. Bcfides, the as the ponit ol 'T'argiapoiir, where a gooil
calm anil the iirrent is contrary, and river falls into thelea, a place grateful
rather put lliips backward than forward, to fiilors, becaule from thence forward
for which realon wc jierceiving there was the current is not lo rapid, tuefday the
too much wacer to anchor, were forcM 14th, we made but little w.iy, firllwith
to draw to fhore, tor here wc always run the land and then with the lea breeze •,
I-;,'
dole under it to drop our anchor, that but wc were worl'e afterwards, lor the
we mi^'jic not lolc way when the con- wind wholly ce,i,'d on ffêdncfday fith.
tr.iry current met us. Tburjday the lOth it blew very faintly;
Moii.ur; the 0th, the calm fontifiu'd, and Friday the 17th there w.is none at all.
and I loll the jiilot's table, for he would Saturday the iHth, wc maile foine w.iy PJferrira
not find nie any longer ; and what molt in fight of the illand Polvc-rrira, but the '"•""!•
vexM me of thirty fouls I
wa-., that wind failing, could not reach it till Sun-
brouglit from Goa, had eaten but Icven, I day the i9tli, when we lay ofl' it. The
anil all the rell w.tc flown a misfortune ; compafs of it is two miles, and it has a-
travellers are expos'd to. The wind bunilance of trees and a good brook 1 but
freflininoj on the 7th, we lail'd no inhabitants. The next night we were
W
/'.'/i;';y
almoll due and leaving behind the

foiith, well wafh'il by a great fliower of rain 1
,»(
illand Dcgradiuks, or of ba-
c.iHcd ,/' i for at this ifl.ind the Siiinalnn begin again
nidi'd men, where the governours of A- and hold to Malaca, never failing cither
(hem confine criminals, we came oppofite by day or night. m
to that callM di Rainha, or the (]ueens Monday the 20th, wind
the contrary
recovering fifty tniles the curreiVt had car- hindered us making much way, but what
ryM us b.uU. But Ifêdnrfiiay the Sth, we gain'il in fight of the two fmall iflands
we were not only becalin'd, but not be- the Portuguefc call as diias Innias, or the
ing able to iiuhor, the llream carry'd two fillers, becaul'e they arc near toge-
the lliip fix :les back. ther. Tutfday the 2 ill, we lay otl' the
Thiirfiiiiy th .)th, we drew towards the ifland jini, belec with many rocks, anil
atorclaid wind, and
ifland with little IFi'dnefday the 22d, crofTing the llreight
came to an anchor late in eighteen fa- drew near the continent , fo that on Thnrf-
thom w.itcr, a mue from land. Friday day 23d, we were oppofite to mount Ful- '!<
the loth, we weigh'd and dropt anchor porft'lar. Friday the 24th, wc lail'd along
three feveral tiines for want of wind, as the coafl, which is thick cover'd with ;^n
wasalfo done by the fhip Pttmhiirpa and trees, and fiibjecl to a petty king that
an Knglijh-m.in. Safmd.-iy the iiih, the lives in the woods like a beaft. Saturday
wind blew frelh betimes, and carryM the 25th, we met feveral Chincfe ks '.»
lis forward. We call'd to Ibme AJalases call'd Somas, loaded with rice and i
wiwASwuiiCl?
ir>:Is.
belonging to the ifland, who were fifh- for jlchem. Thry carry'd four fails ii..de' ' .',:':\ :'
''
'*J'*'i
ing, but they would not come ; and two of mat, two of them on the fides from
that gave ear to us kept at a great the main-maft, like the wings of a bird
when
'11^6 A Voyage round the World. Book III,
GEUF.LLiwheh flies,
it extended by two great fight of Malaca, the wind darted up
'^'5' poles, another at the foremail, anil the and hindrcd us cntring the pori,
contrat-y,
^^''''*'''^ fourth attlie beak. The fliape of the fo that we were forc'd to calt anchor
veflel is very odd. for the head is as but on Alonday the 27th, we anchor'd
wide as the ftern. Towards evening we on the fhore of the city. Soon after I
were near cape Racado. went afhore with the captain, and took
Sunday the 2 0th, when wc were in a lodging in an inn.
CHAP. VII.
^n A:count of what is worth oijervin^ at Malaca.
I Allien is feated on the foiitiicrnmoll

part of the antient C/Mrjbnd'ia,
'l;'l!
If:
V:i i;
50K III. 1 Chap. VII. Cy 1 NDOSTA N, 57
:il up with fix ftreaks on the top like a ftar. coaft of Coromaniicl, Pcrfu and otherGEMEin
pori, When ripe it is yellow without, witli kingdoms. 169;.
chor i
white ciivifions within, like cloves of 1 faW fuch beautiful parrots lliere,^,;;^^;,'^
:hor'd garlick But loft and fweet. The rind
: that a painter could not draw any thinuf
after I powder'd and lirank in water, flops the fo fine: Some of them h.id all the body
and wings and the legs green. O-
took
"Jdmhu.
bloody flux.
The 'Jamhna is a fruit, as big as a large thcrs,
red,
cdl'd Noroi, the body reil, the
%)imi
melon, and has the rind, fhape, and co- heati black, or tiark blue, and the wings
lour of an Aildm\ apple i but the quar- and legs of a light blue. Others were
ters of it are like thole of an orange, and of an alh coloui-, with green wings. 'JM
of the lame t..'le. There arc white, yel- And others white, with a yellow riifr,
low, and reil, according to the feveral call'd Caaitus ; and thefe arc taken in the
forts of trees which is like the 'tarama
-, iflands of Tcrnatc, ylmhon, Muciijjdr, and
he fort The i;,;.
defcrib'd among the fruit of Goa. Java i but they are lefs than thole of
hanncl. Af-nl-i The AffMijajah an acid fruit, grow- America.
icre are ing at the toot of the Indian canes, good fyeilnefcLiy the 29th, they flicw'd me i O/V.ov.
efficient to pickle, as big as a walnut, of an ear- black bird they call Cafiiara, twice as
the Ic.i thy colour without, and white within, big as a Turkey cock, with bones in thi;
\re one with a flonc in the middle. wings, like whalebone, and the beak and
towards The Romnhui is as big as a green wal- feet like an olhicli. Its eggs arc white
'.I J
the ti- nut, cool, anti good to make the fame antl green, and is taken in the ifland of
ler hin\ fort of lance. yavfi.
I
,hty fol- S-'iii. The Sdpi, lb highly valu'd by the Thurfday the •?oth, I eat a rare f\(]i, BaAima,
grouiul, Porlugticjt', is the root of a tree, that call'd Balanca. Underneath it is like a
nonafte- f.rows on the coafl, and the Malaxes crab, at top like a tortoife, and has the
poffcfs'd irry to fell at Malaca, whence by rea- head arm'd with a fword ; boil'd, it taftes
h pull'd i m of its goodiiels, it is tranfported to jull like a crab ; the male and female are
anly the Imiii, China, and other places ft ill fur- always found coupl'd. Tho' there are
a tower ther diftant. It is rarely well taftcd made fuch rarities at Malaca, it is dear living
colours. into a fwcctmeat it is ; alfo good in there, a piece ot eight a da/ being little
church broth, and its clouded feeds dilTolv'd, enough.
having thicken like glew. The dominion of the Dutch, reaches T'^'^ "'
vcs now Bii:in. Ihe KiUci.im is a wild fruit, like a but three miles round the city ; becaufe"^''*
Mnngo, and fliarp to make faucc. the natives being a wild people living
las been Com- There are alio feveral forts of herbs like bealb, they will not cafily fubmit
e it ne-iiJ" dilTering from ours, and among the rell to bear the Holland yoke. I'hey are
/id
d by a the Giuima and Cclada, which talle like call'd Meiiancavos, very great thieves,
moft all boilM fdlery. Mahometans as to religion, and fuch
but the Tli.' nrt Tiie city Malaca gives laws to all fhips mortal enemies to the Dutch, that they
When that pal's the flreight, obliging them to do not only refufe to have any commerce
i)ia, and pay anchorage, whether they put into with them, but cut them in pieces, when-
)Ut when the port or not. Spanijb and Porlugticfc foever it is in their power. And this is
apple, fliips pay one hundred pieces of eight the reafon, why the plains of Malaca,
is not each, others lefs. The Dutch are fo hard abounding in India canes, they cannot
upon thele two nations, becaufe they fliy be cut without much precaution, for fear
very fi-D; they paid as much, when the Portuguefe of thofe barbarians. Their king call'd
us'il to were mailers of Englijh are not
it. The Pagarivyon, has his refidence at Nani, a
hey can- only free from burden, but much
this village made with mats ill put together,
is vtiy honom'd for two (hips of theirs falut-
•, in the thickeft: of the wood. No better
he thick inn; vith eighteen guns, the fort anlwer'd account can be had of their country for
'
Jacu. with nineteen, whereas our two vefl'els want of commerce with them.
ing the f.iluting with feven, they return'd no Along the fame coaft, lives another 5 'ifi
pc it is anfwer ; tho' the Pumbiirpa, put out the fort of half men, call'd Salittes, Maho-
ing out arms of Portugal The port of Malaca metans, as well as the others, in boats and
[olt, ami is very (.\\\:, anil has a great trade from moveable houfes. They are both filh-
s, with cafl^ and well and therefore the Bazars
, er-nien and pirates along the cjaft: ; a
iry, .irr ot the city arc furnifh'd with the befl robufl fort of men, govern'd by a chiet
Iclls like rarities of Japan, China, Bengala, tjic they call Palimajatii, like Banditti.
xccUcnt Vol. IV.
ncc usM
plcasM
is very.Vi-
•
T.T u u CHAP.
apple,
with
•
f
258 ^ y^yage round the World. Book Hi, Chap. ^
CHAP. VIII.
I'he Defcrlption of the dangerous Strdght of Sincapura, and of the People In-
habiting about it.
GfMEi.Li T eafily have gone to Manila,

Might Then wc came to an anchor at the mouth
if'95-
X
aboard the veflcl call'd Polaco, whicli
but I voluntarily
of the
caule
before i'un-iet, both be-
llreight,
wind was contrary, and be-
the
^^'"^''^came into tlie port •,
let flip that fair opportunity, being de- taufe we founded all the way ; for tho'
firous China.
to fee In order to it, the good pilots of Atacao fail that way
going again aboard the Porluguejc
all twice a year, yet they never remember
vefTels on Friday the ift of July ; as any thing of it. On the left, going
we were ready to fiii, our voy:.ge was from Malaca, the mouth is four or five
retarded by fome words th.iJ pafs'd be- fadom deep, and fix or leven on the right.
tween the pilot and mailer's mate. 'I'hc There are abundance of other iflandsManj-
firllof them went away aboard the between Sumatra, and cape Ikor. which 'Imdj.
Pumburpa, and all the day, and part of are not fct down in the maps •,
tho'
the night being Ipent in fentiing and Ibme of them are fo large that they are
proving, the captain would have me call'd kingdoms. .Some of them belong
draw up a form of proteftation, to be to the king's of Jainbi, and Palumbon,
t notify'd to the pilot. He could not be Sumatra, on the coall

iflands adjoining to
prevail'd upon to return to the fliip, oppofite Malaca, where the Dutch
to
fo that we were forc'd to fail with an- have a faftory, and fome to the king
other, after mid-night. of Rioo, on the right of the (Ircight of
T.rri'.Jo Saturday the 2d, in the morning we Sincapura \ all three kings Mahometans
.•iver.
anchor'd, the wind being contrary ; which as to their religion, antl Malaya by
lafting allSunday the 3d, we made little defcent.
or no way. Monday the 4th, we run up This multitude of iflands makes abun-Tht
on a bowling, and found our felves at dance of ftreights, all dangerous to pals ""-;!"' 1
night oppofite to a great mountain, over but particularly that of Sincapura, where
the river Fermofo. This is a deep river, we were, which yet is moll frequented
whofe fourcc is many and many miles by 'he natives, to go to, and return
up the country. On its binks grow fpecdily from Siatn, Cochiiichina, Tun-
abundance of excellent Indian canes, chin, Manila, China, Japan, ami other
which Jie inhabitants of Malaca cut to kingdoms of jîjia. The other call'd
trade. Some of them are thick, with- del Govemador, or the governours, is fo
out any knot, to ferve for walking deep, that very often there is no an-
ftavcs, and others flender, and eighteen choring in it ; but being much wider
fpans long, which cut are put to many than the other, the European fliips, that
ufes, as to make bed-lteads, outward is French, EngHJh, Dutch, and others,
ir ' doors, chairs, ilools, bafkets, ropes, ufe it very much. 'l"he other flrcights
pack-thread, and fewing-thread ; for are call'd of Carvon, Durion, Javon, and
when fplit thin, the threads bow every Jkor ; befidcs many more, which take
way without breaking, and are proper name from the iflands that form them.
to few with. That of Ikor only palVable betwixt
is
Tucfday the 5th, we lay at anchor, and the continent, and the iflands, where a
made but little way on ff'ednefday the 6th, long channel ends, which leads to the
becaufe the wind was contrary. Thurfday metropolis of the fime name, confining
the 71I1, the fame caufe made us lofe, ra- of cottages, and thence to the fea of the
ther than gain ground ; and it had been Contracofta, or oppofite coaft. The
worfe on Friday the 8th, had wc notdropt Butch have a fadory at tliat court to
anchor again after weighing. Saturday trade for }x"ppcr.
the 9tli, we were quite bccalm'd. Sunday Tuefday the 12th, we entr\l the mouth ,';,w;j-i
the loth, the wind coming up pretty of the of Since pura betimes, "fciii^"
flreight
fair, we left the ifland Pulpijfon, and two which isa quarter of a league over at
other fruall rocks a-ftcrn. The firrt is firlt ; but further in wider, tho* cnclos'd
lo call'd, becaule fhap'd like a fig, for by fo many iflands, that they are a nicer
in the Malase language Put fignifies an labyrinth to fliips ; whi^h tliofe who
ifland, and Piffon a fig. h.ive not fern it before, think they fh.ili
]') Monday the nth, we pafs'd j the'
never get out of, leeing on all

land
ifland Puleariman, which, tho' large, is fides. The fecond mouth but hall
is
not inlubitcd any more than the rtlt. fo wide as the firll, but only a mile i,i
length,
111. Chap. VIIl.
length, and all tlic
0/ I
dillance between th^

N D O S T A N.
This nar-
ing long whiskers. Inflead of a turlvint,GEMEi.n
259 m
1;"] fiCli
ill (iillii
two mouths is ei:;ht miles. they tie a fmall linnen rag, like a fillet, ''^95-
row palla'^f is rc.'ulercd the more dange- about their foreheads. L/'VNJ
rous by the viol.:iit letting of the water Tburftlay the 1411, the wind being con-
backwarils and forvva'. Is at ebb and flood. trary, we anchor'd olF cape Roma}nii.
In other lerpeiils the eye is deli,:J;liied Friday the 15th, we along the coalt
fîil'd
with a beautiful green of fo many iflands oi Romania ; leaving a long row of iflands
adorn'd with tall .ind thick trees, wliich on the right, that fea being all over full
are never left n.iked like ours in F.tifope of them. /\bout evening we pafs'd by
in winter. Pidra Branca, or the white rock, fo
The M.tlayrs, call'd Salutes, li''c a- call'd by the Portugiuff., being a fmall
long channel, in portable and llo.it-
this white rock riling a little above the wa-
in" houfes. I hey dwell on the water, and lb plac'd in the middle of the
ter in Ixiats covct'd with mats, with channel, with two others adjoining to it,
•ft
canes interwoven in the middle to lie on; that it has fplit many Ships that were un-
nor are they dillurbM cither at their acquainted with it.
brutal Iblitude, the ill air, or the dread- The Portitûjfi told me, Thata coun- B;,f[,i„my
fulnefs of the neit^hbouring woods, Tliey tryman of theirs being to go that way piimai'a.
are ingenious at finiing, which they live in a rtiip of his own, laden with much
on, either anglimj;, or ftriking the lealt: gold, and other rich commodities ; he
fiflies through with fpears made with was continually asking of the pilot, when
bamb<x5. Some of them came to our they fliould be paft it ; ar' thinking
Ihips fide, with their women and chil- every hour an age till he was out of
dren in their floating-houfcs to get vef- that danger, repeated the queflion Co
fcls, iron, knives, lahacco, and otiier often, that the pilot grown weary of
trifles, in exchanL>;e tor fifh ; they ha- him, faid they were already beyonti it.
ving of money. They
no knowlidoc Then he, diftraded with joy,broke out
are not fitisfy'd they had the value of
if into thele execrable words.
That God
a hundred picres df eight in exchange, could not now make him But he poor.
they arc fb miilrulK ', talfe, and wick- went not unpunifh'd, for the fliip foon
ed -,but uj on anv V ,ht occafion llrike ftruck upon the white rock ; and having
their I'pe.ir in any man's body, or ellc loft all, he only fav'd his life to be the
a fmall knife >.aird Cr'ift, they wear by more miferable.

their tide. They are tlibjert to the king Saturday the i6th, holding on our
of Ikor, who cullom-
therefore has a courle with a brisk gale, we got out
houfe for fifh in the midll of the chan- from amidft fo many iflands, which
Other
Cill'tl
nel. We CI me to an anchor near it by flretching out towards the fouth, along
rcafon of the calm. the ftreight c^ Banca, whicli is the way
is fo
The coaft ll'ednefday the jth, we got out of the
1 to Batavia, left and open fea,
us a clear
no an-
ofyir. ftreight, behind us on the right
le.u-ing our courfe being eaftward. The wind
wider
the cottages with mats, fet ui)
co\'er'd frefhing, carry'd us away from cape Ikor,
, tlut
on poles ; and k'-eping along the coaft towards the ifland Borneo, which is un-
chcrs,
of ikor, wlicre I iMd the other mouth der the equinoctial. The aforefaid cape
rcights
of the channel of that name was ; the Ikor is the end of a long coaft reach-
wn, and
wind came up contrary, which oblig'd ing to Beitgala, which afterwards turns n/.-w;,
take
us to caft anchor near that barbarous awiy, and forms the Contracojla, or op-
them.
country. pofite coaft, as far as the kingdom of
betwixt
icre a
The king Io;n of Ikor, as I fiiid a- Siam, where '.here are feveral other do-
bounds in pepper, a fort of white cop- minions, and among the relt that of the
to the
per thePorlKiJuy call Ca'.ei)!, Fndi>in Paiaiies, ever govern'd by a woman,
(iiting
canes, Areccn,
rice, cocoa-nuts, and like thofe of Acbem, and Canara. This
of the
other tl.ings, which keep up its tr.iile country abounds in camphir, pepper,
The
with other nations ; particularly with ivory, Cagulaca, a fweet wood to burn,
urt to
the Dutch, who therefoie ufe all their cocoa-nuts, Arecca, white and ftain'd ca-
endeavours to hinder others from re- licoes, and birds-nefts, and has a vafl
mouth Simfvi
torting thither, allowing no vefTels to Trade with the neighbouring kingdom
jetimes, "f'^'t"''
jiafs by Mi!-h\i, without the governotir's of Bengala, way of the Ijlhmus.

by
over at
leave. The inhabitants of Ikor, and the The queen Mahometan, and tribu-
is a
ndos'd
a niter
Snliltts wear a garment to their waflc ; tary to the king of Siam. We fail'd
and from thence down, both men and on merrily towards ilie ifland of Pul-
who
women cover themfl'lves with a linncn hor, much williM for by us ; when at
ey fti.ill
cloth. The women wear their hair di- night wc were furpriz'd in .; great Su-
on all
flievelM without breading but the [^cn ; mat>:i, or tempefl frotn the north ;
ut halt
(have, tli'.ir lieads, and beards, only keep- which drove us fo violently towafds the
mile i;i
length,
ibuth.
m
W'Lr
266 A Voyage round the World. Book III. I C
Cemelli 1 rth, that on Sunday the lyih, at break, which lie ofF it, aiu ^.i". in!'., bitcci '
/
'^95- of I'ly, we nrre in fight of the ifland Alalayes.
'-'^''^'of BorncOy and of thole ccU'd SiuMones,
CHAP. IX.
Of the IJlaiid Borneo, being an AhfiniSt of the Account given of it to ihi

King of Portugal, by Father Antony Vcntimiglia ; and of the Mifion in-
jiitutc'd there.
TH E ifland
largeft in the world,
of Borneo, being
containing ra-
tlic 1 6X0, he gave the necclTary orders for
fettling the fadtory in the name ol that
ritiesof inelliniabie value, and alniolt city i enjoinin;^ 'ôjeph Pinbciro, a rich
unknown to Europeans, becaufe all poi- citizen of Macao, who was then at Cioa,
lefs'd by Mahonn'tan kines and princes, to take that aH'air upon him. He ac-
who do not fufler rtn-ngers to go up tlie cepted of it to pleale the governour,
country, to trade with the idolatrous na- tho' he had always endeavour'd to ob-
tives, who are tyrannically opprel's'd by flrudl it.
them, that they may fecure to theni- Before this was refolv'd on, Ltiis Fran.
felvcs the wealth of the iflantl, in ex- CIS Coutinho was come to Goa, and know-
change tor poor baubles thofe wretches ing how zealoufly the fatiieis Thcatim
Ifand in need of ; for thele realons the dclir'd to be cmploy'i' in fome million,
reader will not think it amifs that I fliould to which no other Order had any right
interrupt the relation of" my travels, with of elder claim, that they might the bel-
a fhort abllrafl the account given of
ot" ter fow the feed of the word of Go.l
this place to theking of Portugal, by on their own ground, and gather the
father Antony Vcn'.imiîn, a Theatin of harveft of propagating the iioly gofpcl,
the city of Palermo, the firfl miflioner and converting the poor f('.e;[> that were
that ever had the fortune to pierce into flray'd from the flock of Chrill he -,
the heart :>f that ifland ; not tranilating acquainted them witlj the w.llingnefs the
it word fir word from the Portngueje, king of Munjar-Mi'Vn exprels'd to ,il
which would make it too tedious. The low the chrillians a and how cliurth,
Portiigiicfe original, which 1 have by me, little inclination of Macao h.id
th.c city
deferves entire credit ; for there is no to fettle the fadlory, and that no milTiosi
doubt to be made, but that fo zealous a had ever been in that ifl.j;id. Thofe la-
religious man as he was, writ no more thers thought I.tiii F>!ir.:'.s an angel fenr
than what he law. from heaven, hearing him propofe ,i
The citizens of Macao frequenting tiie method for the compalling of their ilt-
port of Manjar-Maffi-n, ;:i the iflan of 1 llgn ; and therefore without hcfitatiun,
Borneo, the king ol that name '^ -'l with the approbation of others, they
times dcclar'd to lome captains .'k: \<:v refolv'd to take upon them the ch..i;;c
ticularly to Emani':l <le Arauj^ f.'.; .', of that million ; and tho more, becaule
that he fhould be well pleas'o u.e city ro take oil' the iinpedimcnt proceedino
fi
of Macao would fettle a fadtory in that from the poverty of their order, which
port, for the Iccurity of trade ; and that may neither have any polTcllions, nor
bcfides forwarding and afTifling them in beg, Lu'n Francis readily olFer'd to bo
all thai lay in his power, he would al- at the expence of tending over lather An
low a church to be built for the free tony Ventimiglia, who carnellly prefs'd to
cxcrdle of the chriflian religion. Thefe go thither.
Offers wrought no efieft upon the peo- Th.c good man being furnifh'd wllhF:^:h^
ple of Macao, as being pcrf'eftly well all ncceftirics for his own ufe, at the''-'''*'
acc]uainted with the changeable temper expence of Luis Francis, his benefadlor'
of thofe Mabomclans ; but Andrew Co- and companion ; and by divine provi-
el/jo I'teira, general of the city, having dence with what was necellary for the
acquainted t).n Roderick de Acojla, go- exercil'e of his miflion, he let out trom
vernor of Go, I, with the matter he con- ; Goa on the r,th of May 16X7, to the
fulrctl with three knowing perfons, whe- great grief of the peofjle who loll \iy
ther the fcttlemenr of fuch a fadory was worthy a pcrlbn. He arriv'd at Malaca
for tiie fervic ot (iod, and their king ; on the i2th of 7«"î where he landed,
and underflandii-g it would be verj- ad- rather to cxercifc the godly functioii
vantagec'is, thr' the townfmcnof Macao of converting fome renegadocs, and
fti.t a meflcngc-r of theirs to obllruft feed tholi; people with the word .if
llie performing ot it, )ct in the year God, than to fcek any eale t" his own
dillcm.
fitli|l
fill
'\ •^*_
;
OK Illll CaAP. iK. Of i NDOSTA N. 261 ,m

diftcmpcr. lie went aljoard i.i. the .ind perceiving that as they took f'leirOt.., u.i
2orh, witli (() lair a wind, tiiat lie was leave, one
le of , them feem'd have a '^9^-
to
adiore again on the 1 ;;tli n! Juh at mind to a ]iair of fliooes, and the other '--^.'VJ
Mdciio, witli Cotitinho. J'hcif lie con- to a cap belonging to two of thole that
tiniiM months, Hvc of tiuiii in a
fix Hood by, he prevail'd with thole per-
hermitage of ylugtilHiiiai;i, cmUM, Otir fons to give them thofe things. The
Ldcly of the Rock, feateti on a hill and ; Gentiles went away lb well plcas'd, that
the relt of the time in their ir.oiialfery ; coming into their own country, they
clniiloyin<j; himlclf all the while in hear- mad" orh'Ts have a mind to obtain fome
mr and other piinis ae'ls.
(-ont'ellions, of thofe gifts, ami de the go^^d religious
J Ic found an
opportimiiy to fail for man ; accordingly on the ^d of A/iiy
anti
B;riic' on the nth of Jnnti.iry 1688, two others came, but in company with
and had I'o good a voyage, that he ar- a Aloorif.' fpy, who prevented the ac-
rivM at Mainar-Majfcn on the 2d of quainting them with the end they were
J-druan- Ihcy ran up the river, and lent for. After fome time they were
nn'-hoi'il in the port on the 5th. Du- difmifsM, with each a pair of Ix-ad^ a-
iing tl is time they were inform'd of bout his neck. Others came afterward.?
the (lau^^htcr made by the Mnbcjiielans and father l^cTitimiglia taught and us'd
:iboard of Siam, uniler Ibme
a vellel them to honour the crofs.
f il''j and in another of the
allegations , On the 27th of March,
the mer- all
foait of CornmiiruM, on pretence that chants al.o.ml having dif-

the Ihip,
rliey had hurt lome of the natives in a patch'd tiieir bufinefs with no Im.ill pro-
Jray of tl !r own contrivance.
• Several fit ; antt bought lb much pper, and ,
Chrillians, and particularly Poiinguefe, other fpice, that tho' the fliip was one
were kill'd. This news no way daunt- of the biggcit that liiil'd thofe feas,
ed, or cool'd the zeal of fatiier /'iv.//- they were fain to leave fome afhore,
m:^Jta ; but placing his conlidence in they ll t fail, ear:-) iiig awav lather An-
(iod, made no doubt of overcoming all loiiy againlt his he having more will,
diiliculties. mind to flay there; notwithlfanding the
Whilil he was devoutly employ'd in captain, and other perlons of note, re-
the ceremonies of the liolv week, a jirelenting to him the jierfidioufnefs of
Aiooi; who was caiHain of two gallies tholi; barbarous Mtiboinelaii;, and pro-
feeing fo much wax fpent, fciit him mis'd to bring him back the next year
fonie goldwhich he would not
dull, to his beloved BcnjuJ'c. They arriv'd lafe
accept of. father was in-
'I'he good at Mnctin on the 27th of June. There,
flamed with the delue of ajiplying him- tho' feveral religious njen otfer'd the
'Vv'U
lclf converfion 01 tiie Criitilci ;
to the f!icher to entertain him in their mona-
and feeing himii-lf idle, and confin'd in fteric:, ;
yet he chole to go lie at night
that port, he earnellly entreated cap- in the Iblitude of his hermitage ; cm-
tain Knuutuel Araujo Gnrccs, witli whom ploying himlclf all day in the ciry, in
lie came from Mcuao, that according to hearing conlefTions, and Ibwing the feed
his promife he would endeavour to of the word of (jod.
bring him to the f|)eech of Ibme of the The feafon of the ye.ir to fiil for
r,ii^dn Beajufes, not far dilfant from Mair.ir-Majfen being come, tho' he did
thence. Trie other fed him with hopes. not like this interruiited metho '
yet
Hut heaven, which never fiils to prof- he let out on the Sth of J-im," 0S9,
])i'r good wilhes, brought four of thole carrying along with him a Chii, who .
Hcd'tii'rs to them, out of curiofity to h.ul been a Have to Coulinho, and a Bea-
fee tiieir iTiip. They delii'd a cannon jiife whom the Moors the year bc!i>re had
might be fir'd, which being done to fold to 1-Vutluofo Gomez, they being both
jilcafc them, they went away frighted difcharg'd by their mailers for this pur-
,\\ wilhFlnln.?-
at it. 'J'his fliort vifit the more infla- pofe. He had a good voyage, and ar-
at thc'-';'^'
med the defirc ol father ylnioir:, lb that riv'tl in that port on the th, at fuch
ict'aftor"'
lie pined for grief", feeing no hojies of time as the Benjufes were at w.tr with the
provi-
making;; Ibnic .icqiiaintance, and Ifaying Moors ; which tho' it troubled, ilid not
Ifor the
.imong them ; becaule the .\I.il';mr/n/ii make him delill from his enterprize.
lit t'rom
iit;iiiH growing familiar with
againll their On the -\ith of February, he hir'd x Len-
to tlu;
Ifrangcrs, endeavour'd to difpatch chri- tirie, that is, a fmall but convenient vef-
loll t'l)
ftian with Ipeed, ,ind Ibmetimes

fliips fei to liveand have the better conve-
in,
MaLun
with iiilblency. At laff a fiilor one day niency of conferring with the Beajtifes by
llamli'd,
brought him two lirtiii/fh, who were the way of the river, without the iliffur-
I'linc'tiou
{ijoing up the ri\er ; ami he, the more bance there was aboanl the lliip .'d the
ami
ID .ilhirc, treated them very alleCtio- hintlTance he nict with the ye.i. before
lord of
I'.itclv gave them lomc devout ihings,
1 Itoiii the Moon at Imd and lie fuccced* -,
Ins own
V.if.. IV.
Idiftciu.
;
262 A Voyage round the pyorld. Book III.
(ii Ml 1.1.1 c(l fo well, thnt there began prcfenily to tlrated himfelf on the ground to kits
'f'95- R-lbrc to him foinc o{ the Berijuin tioni his habit, and all the rcit, men, women,
O^'N^the neighbouring vill.igcs Uibicct to tlic md children, great and thiall tollow'il
Mahomctitn king •, it it Ii;k1 bcL:i lor no- his exainp'e. The good man receiv'd
thing ellu, at if.ill to iLv tluir coiintiy- them in his arms to gain their aliectioii,
ni,in Laurenc,:. M.my

of thcin came on and m.ike way to their converlion, tu
h.ul begun
March, wlien he which they leem'd well dil'pos'il. In
the lorh ot
a nine-ii.iys devotion aboard the vtllll, Ihort, the Aiiga defir'd to be bapti/.'d
in honour ot St Jcfi'l^b, adorning the immediately protelling he would fol-

•,
cabin decently with hangings and lights. low him dead or alive, to [wwerfully the
The next day lame a venerable old man, divine grace wrought upon his he.irt.
with his daughter, grand-daughter, and lie atlded, that he lxh>'v'd that all the
an antient matron to vifit rhc religiojs relt of tliC /ii,/;.i;V.( would give turn t!ic
inan^ who had converted hij boat into a rctpcd which was due ; and tliat th'^
hantllcime houl'e and chappel, and re- more to convince l.im, he would go in
receiv'd them very alVettionately, ac- perfon to acquaint the lomaiigiin and
quainting them with the defign that Damon, two Ibvereign princes in the
brought him a lecond time into I'uch re- heart of the If-md, one of whom was
mote and llrange jiarts, which wa.s to his tbn-in-law. It was .xgreed he fliouM
fliow them the way ot lalvat'on, by income the next day to the I.ciitiiie, that
itruding them in our holy faith, i'hey tnattets night be rclblv'd on with the
were (ileas'd wit!i the .'ather's word.s, ad vies of capir,!". Ljnaiiucl d' Îratijo
and aflur'il him he (hould Ix.' honourably Ciiirci-u The /iv<iâ being tir'd with tlie
receiv'd by them ail. I'rom that time rejoycing a^rer his Tiiliim went aw.iy,
forwanl more ot the Bcajufes began to could not be as good us hi.s word on the
retort to the vcflel, and to call the good 24th, but fail'd not to come on the
man their Tnium, that is, grand father •,
2.';t!), attended as before. Father Aiitom
a n.une among them of great honour gave him a good dinner, and tome tinall
converfing with l.im very familiarly and curiofiries of Lhiiia ; and it was retolv'd
Jovinji.ly, and bringing their \vi\'es and he Ihould lend by means ot the tame ./;;
daughters, tho' they were very jealous, ^.z lome pretent to "Tntnjivii'n and Daii'cii,
to kits his h.md and habit in a very mo- and becaufe he could not perform the
«1cll and courteous manner. At fhefc journey without leave ot the Air.vnjh
'i'.i- vifits they :uw.iys pretented him vith king, as being his lulijed, tlie afore-
fomc fowl, a b.rsket of rice, <bme pieces laid captain kvuiiiucl lieing to much in
of fweet wockI, or a mat of thote they the king's fivour, undertook to obtain
work moll ciirioiifly ; or clll herbs, it. The king liv'il in a villa;,,? at a con-
fv.'eet root?, wood, or other things, and flderable ditlancc on the river, and rhiiii;s
he relutuig to take it, they left it be- tell out to tliat the captain could not
fore cabbin, !" that afterwards he
ills go thither for fever.d days following
receiv'd rather than difpleale them
i., -,
to get his leave ; to that the /l>ma w.is
provi.JevI it wa.-. not gold, precious tlones, weary of expecling, defir'd father An'.u-
or any thing of value. I'he nine-days ns to tend liini the pretent for the prin-
devotion fo happily begun, ended with ces, and he wouKl go without the Mo-
a general joy and applaufe, and what rijh king's leave, which oblig'd the fa-
is moll to l:>e admir'd, even of the ther to go vifit him the next day, anii
Mh-rs thcmfelves for a crofs twenty •, deliver .him the prcfent, ronfitling in
""pans high was put into a boat, and be- things of liiiall value, as flowers, dilhes
ing carry'd about the river with many rings, glats-bracelcts, and the like, in
iigii*«, as it rcturn'd to the Leiiiine or two little boxes to which he added ;
vcifel v.'.iert the father rcfidcd, was tiian embroider'd pieHure of our blelVcd
lured by .ill tiie cannon of two vetfcls lady, and another of St. Caetamis; ho-
oi Macc-o. This was foUow'd by a vi- ping they would touch the hearts of
fit funr\ ij'. yi'.gfii who was chief or go- ihot'e infidels, to bring them into the
vernour 01 .1 village, with all his fanii- true way of talvation. The Aiiija mm-
Jy ; whiih ill- m.ide with fb nuiv^h civili- ing to the princes, delivcr'il the \in.V riis,
ty and iel''pert, ci.at the father thought and telling them the caule of jiis com-
fit to repay it ti.e next day, attended by ing, was receiv'd with tiicli jov, th.u t,
y
thii ^ e;i Portugnrji' liclon.',ing to the Ihip. prclently fitted out a hundred gallics and
The govcrnour and all his people re- Paraoi there were in their rivers, and a-
ceiv'd him in a very Iblemn manner, with mong the refb one fourteen fathont long
ilrums beating and other mufick ot the to bring their beloved Tnttim. I'liis link-
country, and ilancing, as if it hail been fleet being come to the inouth ot the
.one of clicii kings. The old Ji.ga pro- river where their dominions eiuleii,
flopp'il
'
Chap. IX. Of I N ]) O S TA N. 263

kils ftopp'il there bcriufc of tlic war bctwcfn At this time came a coufln of the Sin- c
the lieajufes anc) the Moors ; niul thence ihim, moll powerful prince
the anion;!;
dilp.itc'i'd the /higa with the Mnnr- the IlraJHj'i-s, living in the upper p.! r^ ol y^.'Sj
they
ijh king's cmbaniulor, who had Ixin the illanil, aliout hiiiincrs of his o"n,
ient to conchKic a peace witlt tliolc prin- who tho' he had pals'd tliiougli the iio-
ces, to obtain leave to come into tiic minions of Tonuugitii and Dtoir^n, l.'"W
river wiierc the Wliiht I.enline was. nothing of what was doing. Iki' g in-
the Anqâ was thus eniploy'd, D.tmon, form'd of what had happened \v en lie 1
who thoiigiit every hour an age till he came into the yl/.'gu's territories, he wmc
came to father kinfmanol
y//;.v//;v, lent a dir(c11y to the Ihip and
thence to the
his ililgiiii'd to vilit him, in a little Pa- Lf)ilinr to Ice father FfntimigHa. Me th.erc
rao of one oar ; and a few days after lent complain'd of the jiriiices, who ad noc I.
his brother with twelve of his guard, to acquainted his kinfman the S'uiduin, and
tell him if he thought lit, they would therefore he was not come with a prcllnt
go to him in Ipigh'" of the Mo',r, and from him, as knowing nothing of i' be- 1
carry him into the; country-, which the ing there but that nevertliclers t!i- Siii-
-,
good father tlid aot think convi.nient. i.'iim being at pe.icc v.iih the king of b'.?;/-
Not long after X.V s the Anâ came to fa- ;,(/-, he would without any iuipediment
ther Veiilimbjia •
i'n\\ a prelcnt from Da- from tUc Moors, carry away the Ti:':w\n
moii, confiltin ,t two curious little bas- his Parao, or in any other that was in
kets of hiilin -a.;L and Itraw interwoven, the river to his own country, or i.'iio iliat
and full of I'weet i.rrbs and roots, bits of the other prinrcj, provided he ivould
of eagle-wood and other fweet wootis, promile afier Ibme ll.iy tlierc, to fnai.-
which are only given to great men, bc- to thf Simlum who, ;!. Il.ion as he !icanl
;
caul'e of the efteem thole people make of of him, would certaii.Iy come to vitlc
them. He alio told him the piinceswcrc him and lallly defn'd the father not to
;
much edify'il at his contempt of tempo- depart without him.

ral things, and the zeal he lliew'd in On the i<5th cune fix other B,:iii'i?s
coming to their country. And that they upon hearing the fmie fpread abroad'of"
look'd upon it as a fpecial providence of ihf Tiilnm, from fifteen cfus joini-.cv di-
G(kI ; for as they came down with their ftance. They a!fo earnelUy intreai.d liirn,
fmall fleet, tluy law a fiery globe on that he would pleafe to go comfort them
the river, by whicli they undcrflooti, he in their countr)', had been with alter he
was lent by God to enlighten them with the aforel'iid and we.;: never
princes,
tin- taitli. fatisfy'd for four hours togetiicr v.ith
Things being in this pofture, a ru- kilTing his hands, and laying tlicjii to
mour ran among the Moors of Manjtir, their faces. 'l"he prefenc tht v bro!!r>ht
rliiii!;'; that the chrillians had infinuated thein- was two cocoa-nuts, two fm.ili bags of
nulil ridt ftlves among the Beajufes with prelents rice, a little oil,
little hunches of three
llowin^ of gold and filver, to polfefs thenifelves fweet herbs hollow Rumloa cane
; a great
4nîi w.is of their country, which not a little full of a thing like butter, which they
olillrufted their coming in

~
J>::.- which the •, gather from a tree, and a little wax lor ;
,c 1
Mill- Moonjh king was then ready to confent svhich a return was mac'e them in fmall
ie M'^'O- rn, that he might by means of tlie Ta- curiofities of Cbin.t.
the t,i- tiiPi the better bring the peace to a con- But the enemy of mankind being c-
,iy, iimi dulion. But the divine providence lb ver ready to difturb thole that employ
iliiiu; in order'd it, that on the 4th of Jitm- at themfelves in the fcrvice of God, tor
dilhcs, night a fon of Tomangun, and another the good of their neighbours ; the good
ike, in of Damon, attended by their unkles man futler'd nuuli before he got into
adilcd cime to the I.enline, and calling captain thole countries ; bc( aulc all the people be-
ilclVcd Kmarmel li' gave him to under-
Ardtijo, longing to Ml. (10,and particularly t-'.m.i- \>.'\±
•, iio- ibncl, had wLed above
that tho' they ntit'l u Ar.iiro, cndcavour'd to dilTiiade
icarts of a month with mi:ch trouble to them- him from that entcrpri/.e, alledging, that
into the felves, yet they would ftay till his Ihip all thole trequcnt vifits and careilLs of the
(Trt roni- liiil'd, that he might not be left expos'd Betijuffi, were counterfeit, and only de-
[irtli I'lts, to the infolency of the Moors, and when fign'd to bring him to an untimely end ;
lis com- he was gone would take their I'dliim a- and that they could not le.ive a pe'rliin in
tli.U ti:ry board their galleys, wherein botli of fuch danger, that might gain fouls tor
IL'S aliit flv.iii agreeing, one of the princes ear- heaven ellewhere. The pious man iinder-
iuui a- nelfly delir'd a knife, to ratify his en- Ibinding by thele word.i, anti perceiving
oni long gagement with blood drawn from his by other tokens, that they intended to
is litlle arm and foon aftfi' departed for
•,
lear obftruc^ hii cntring the country, as they
h i)t the of being I'urpri/.'d by the enemy. had done the year before, he I'pokc to
iMiik'il,
the
26^. A Voyage round the World. Book Il|_
U?L.^
\V, ",
\'A
i
i J
-
OOK 111.
Chap. IX. 0/ I NDOSTAK i6ii,
all Im
only jiriniCi and other chiefs. Thofc rell there h one lb ftrange that it mutlGF.MEMt
L' thty
are luhjccts to ;lic king of Muiijar,
ih.it not be pafs'd by in filencc. It is cali'd ^''^
mn lit
.or border ujion him, pay a tribute. a Hnijiti or wikl m;in ; becaull it much'-^'^'^
)t' (ioil
rorti. There are feveral ports in the ifland, relijmbles man in weeping, and other
np.llly,
but the moll lret]uented of Alan- is that exterior adions that exprefs tome paf-
111 W.li
jar-MiiJ/hi, tor its fpicc, but efpecially by lioiis. That which I fiiw wa.s as big as a
) tL'.lcll
the inhabitants of Mucao. It is form'd monkey, and not being able to be.ir its
.vithout
by a large river of frefh water, three great belly on its legs, dragg'd its hinilcr
nd th.u 'I ,'l'.Ji
miles o.'er, and fourteen tatloin deep at quarters on the ground. When it re-
all ili.it
the mouth. I'hrce days journey up it, moves itt.' s its mate along, to lye up-
ng l)ut
there are three little iflands ; the biggelt on, as a ni..ii would do. J'he apes ir»
llC.lVfU.
of them two miles long, and the t'or- this ifland, are of feveral colours, tome
W Willi
tiiiîirfe
is
have thoughts of building a fort red, tome l)lai.k, and others white, c.ili'd
lilt they
on it, to fettle a factory there. I'lie o- On. its, which are moll valu'tl. They have
jiiiilc to
tluT two arc I'maller and nearer to the a bku k till, which from the top ot the
ribk rc-
land , and co:il'.qiiently not fo fit lor that head turns down under their fnout, and fl-'T
)rc lip.iij
purpolc. makes a graceful ring. Father Sahidor
c blooJ
ProJufl. All the country and abounds is fruitful, Citilli told me he h.id lent one for pre- .1
lindcRil
in rice, which is better than any other I'ent to the great duke of Î'lijcciiiy, «ho
the holy
in Aii.i, and the fruit, befides its great expected it with im|)aticnce ; hut that it
to be e-
plenty, diiVers in colour, tallc and big- dy'd by the wav There is another
iiiib'd to
nels from ours in Europe. There is alii) creature in the iflaihl, that has a fir much
MIS ; ilc-
great Ifore of calTia, wax, camphire (the like a callor. The lii'ajuffs take the rich- .fl<--»«r
;ure put
bell in the world) black and white pep- ell Bi'zoar Hones in from the''"""^'-
the world
1 of tlio
per, call'tl rulhiii, gum and feveral good atorelaid /iprs. They wound them flij^^lu- :.k
ing foiiic
dies, it alii) protluces many fprts of ly with darrs out of trunks, in fotne
fliot
they all
fweet herbs, roots ot bl...iv wood, and part that they may not die of it 1 then
g tiie ta-
another fort that fmclls like eagle-wood, they growing fick with the hurt, thole
red i to
and Cd!uin!Kt:h. I'here arc vail woods Hones breed i,i thiir bowels, where they
r to gain i
Ir
for building ot liiips, where they alio are found, when they kill thtm.
heaven,
make much pitch and rozin for leveral The liidJKlis are generally very fiipcr- Mmnen
the new
iifes. Metals are flighted, becaufc they flitious; being much addidcd to augu-""'' ^"•'''
ch father
know not how to run them but they ga- ; nes. They do not adore idols, but^"^""
zeal, that
ther muc h gold-dull among t!,e fand of tlu'irlîcriticcs of fweet wood and per-
1800 of fumes, are offcr'd to one only (iod, who
feveral rivers in the ifland. There are a-
Coiilinio,
bundance of binls-nells, well known to they believe rewards the jufl in hea-
ir river,
thofe that have read .ind fo highly valu'd ven, and puniflies the wicked in hell.
iflani,!,
by the Cbine,?s, and others, that they They marry but one wife -, and look
rcn of
oive three hivnlred pieces of eight a Pico upon any breach of conjugal f'.dtli, ci-
in the
for them, which Pico is about an hundred ther in the man or woman, as fo hein-
lad been
weight i being jjcrfwaded they contribute ous an ofl'encc, that every one contrives
much to the generative virtue, and are a the death of the party tranfgrelling, ci-
lie ifland-^"'""
provocative, as being naturally hot. ther by themlelves or their friends ;
:)ni
Tlitle are nothing but nells built by the and therefore the women are very mo-
inoclial
Iw.illows, which in /;/(/;,; are of an afn co- dell and rclerv'd ; efpecially the mai-
n corn-
lour, in the clefts ot lleep rocks whence -, dens, who are not teen by their husbands
he toall the wedding-day, when the women
thcv arc puH'd down with long poles by till
callM
nun in i«j,us. It is like a very fine parte ; receive their portion. They are ene-
r many
ihmc think it is made of the flavcr of mies to fraut) and theft, and grateful
th kings
raefc birds others believe it is a tort of
-, for benefits rj-cciv'd. Among them-
country
rl.iy I have as much of it as may ferve
, lelves they live lovingly and f'rieiullv ;
''
anil
! perfoni to exercilc their talent on.
iiriouv and therefore when every man has ga- f' '''lit,;-
cover'il,
For this lame rcMfon the fenfual Cbinejci ther'd what he Ibw'il for his own iilc-,
aJ not
the reft on the mountains and vallics is
"ive forrv pieces ot eight a Pico, tor the
beinfr
linns of Iharks found in tliofe leas about in cominon, with.)ut any dillinclion of
lis, vviUI,
i!ie illand. This is the reafon that the particular right. They are alio well
' .'. ,/, ..'.1 ji.
Mhiuhiiif! .It their great entertainments inclin'd and leek ho-
in their plcafures,
feveraPli'" I
!
Iwallow much gold tew mouthfiils , nour hunting at which fport they
,
in a in •,
hofe ot™''' endeavour to get fomc fharp horns, to

1)11 aule hey eat nothing buc the little
I
uicadoii.,
liiK ws, as they do of venilbn. polilh and wear them as an c-nament at
excel '
=>•'
It cxceetls all other countries, in va- their girdle. This girdle is n other but ' li.
«, and '
riety of moll bcautikd birds and as -, a long Hip of linnen, which turns be-
igs, bui
tor IkmIIs, there arc very flrange ones tween their thighs to cover their privities,
onlv
iiot .it .ill knowii in Europe. Among the and one end of it hangs down before, and
VmI I\'. y y y thu ii
î:iii
il
,
,,
-1' i
266 yi Voyage round the World. Book Hi.
CiiMUM the other bchiml. 'J'lic pcafints m;il:c a the fliips, Ibnie pretending bufinels, and
"">) i'ort ol ^lotlis of the harks ii( trees, which others ordy to it'C. Being friendly ad-
'-^'^''^ altcrw.irds walhM ami lic.utn, arc mitted, when they thought it a proper
bfiiit;
1. J as loti, as cotten , and tholl- trees be- tiine to execute their de'igii, they all
ing widiiii 'lie (.lominions ot' the Malay lirew their C.ni:s, or p.)ilbn'd knives,
Moon, they expole thcmlclves for the and one endeavout'd to murdi r
every
bark to tyranny and inlolcnee.
tiieir the lailur he was treacheroully talking
llibiis. Some of them gc naked, and others with, fo that they killM molt of tiinlc
wear a fm.ill doublet made of tlic iaiue tliat wcie :i three fliips, as alfo two
bark ; wliitli ihey ilye ot any colour. captains, two pilots, aial a mailer's
On their heads, to keep otV the lieat of tlie mate. But the fourth fliip, which be-
fun or rain, they wear a cap of pahii-tree long'd to captain Emamcl /Iratijo ,lc
fliap'd above like a hifâr-loat,
leaves, Ctaiics, (aboard which v is a prince,
lonp, and with flaps hanging down. anil brother of the king feeing the
Wcipons. i'lie weap(/ns they ufc ,iie knives, llaughter abo.ird the others, prevented
^ >l i made like the Cangtan of i!u; Ahion, and the Moors and killing all that were
;
mf:* Zampiiifi, that is, trunks aljout fix fpans aboard, with its cannon, oblig'd the
lon^, out ot which they flioot little others to quit the fliips they had made
wooden darts, with an iron head at the themlilves mailers ol. The Moors that
one eml, and cartouch, or hollow paper were not kill'd Iwam alhore, (or inaiiy
at the other, blowing into which they ot them perilli'd, the being bloody
ir.»y
fhoot it out with a vali force ; and lome- on both tides. J here were not men e-
times, the point being poifoii'd the wounil, nough left aboard the aforelaid three vcl-
IS mortal. I'hey alfo fhoot birds with fels to fail them, but h/minuti d' j1r,in<n
pellets through them. divided his men .imong them, providiii;;

fr'-'
The licajtiji-s, as to their perfons, arc them tjie bell he could to return to
dark compleition, well-countcnaiic'd
ot a AIiU'ii. Next, the Moors weni to pluii
and Itrong. der the fiidtory, which had been tlie end
TheA/itn The MuLfjc Moors, who live, as was they at full iklign'd, whence the tai^tor.
itiihc faid, along the coall ot that iflani', antl who was fick. Hying, was the caufe of
libtid.
opprefs Tome of thofc wretched pcojil' his own de.ith. I'Voin that time the ci-
are taiihlcfs, inconftanc, covetous, trcaciie tizens of Aiirao would not trade any
rous, and great thieves. Befides their more at Maiij.ir, fcc'ina, tLerc is no truth,
iri Iwords, they have Ibmc few lire-arms or honefly in thofe Moors.
to make ufe of at lea. They alio fj;<) The Dutch had no liettcr fucrcfs with n,.
naked \ only Ibnie of them are cover'd tlieir fadory they lettled there thirty livet"-
with a piece of cloth wrapp'd about years fince, fearing, that it others bought'-'
ill
their wafte, and hanging down like a the pepper ol that illand they lliould not
I:
half-petticoat. Their heails are wounil be able to lUl that ot t'le comp.iny at
J,
about in a folded hankerchief, but when their own rate. The Moors murdei'd
it rains, they add to it a cap made of the chief men of their fartory
with one
palm-tree leaves. of thofe poifor M
darts we faiil they fhor
Iloufcs Their houfes arc in boats call'd Pa- out of trunks and he that commanded,
,
raos, as are thofe of the Bt-ajujes, on the inllcad of the dead man, demanding la-
atoreliiitl river of Manjar-Majfen or ; tisfadion fomedays after; they aniwer'd,
rais'd upon five pieces of timber on its that the murderer had withdrawn hini-
banks, that they may be lafe againft: felf into a country-houfe not far diftanr,
floods. But the king of Marijar lives with abundance of his kindred ; and they
i; f'everal days journey up the country, in were not llrong enough to deliver him
V )
a mifcrable condition, becaufe his king- up, and therefore they thought it con
dom has been long divided among feveral vcnient they go with tlicir
tliould all
branches of the royal family, to give joint forces to attack him. The Dulch
them a fufficient maintenance. futlcring tliemfelves
to be taken in the
r.iflory The fadory we ipoke of at lirft had fnare, went, and were all butcher'd up- -,
•-'tiif'jy'J.
^^ unhappy end ; for being fettled there on whic.j news, two fliips of their nation,
upon the conditions propos'd by the that were in the port, fled with all pof
Moors, particularly that the city Macao fible fpeed.
ihould always have a fund there of forty I'ather /jntony Ventim'igUa in his letters
thouland pieces of eight (only for them to demanded companions lliould be lent him
rob Two years after, when there were
: ) to cultivate that tnighty vineyard ot om
tour fljips in the port, the infidels re- lord, and that the king of Portugal would
jolv'd to lecute them, and plunder the grant him power to honour fonie princes,
faftory. A great number of them af- and great men among the Bcajiifcs, vitli
Ibmbling to this purpote, went aboard the title of Do//, the more to oblige, and
mi>' alhiie
v 1
UI. I Chap. X. 0/ I NDOST A N. 267 i

''''if'--,
allure tlicm, liccaufc they rtiewM tlicni liHwul at Miuijiir.Father Girfôry R.iriCi), GiAtEi 1
li'ivfs to lie lovers of lionmir ; but it a tound at (>i,ii, lurther told ''"'^
1/m-(IIiii, 1
iiJeasM Alini(?luy Ootl, to rewarJ his la nu, hi-, body had wrought miracles, and'-'^''"^
[lOiirs with tlie (ilory of Heaven, in the tlurclorc the Heajula kept it very ho-
ni ,',l (.,.:
hei:',htot iiis zeali th' u: he'm^ intelligence nourably III a eouagc, whitlier ,1 Ici'tr t'Hi
that hedyM in the year if'91, wliich has once leloriing among the rcll, they put
been conlirmM by ("me ol the Church ium to ileatn.
Stult, and Ibnie books belonging to hini,
C H A R X.
^bc ^liithor givci an Account of 101:01 happened la him, tHl his /Inhal on the
Coiijl of Cochinchina.
TO oil",
return to the place where we left
1 mull intiirm the re.ider, that
one hundred anil twenty miles all the way,
inhaliited on both fides; all the houfis
tlie on t!ie 17th, would not liilttT

florin which are of wootl being rai-.'d upon
us to draw near the illand of Pullaor, as ftrong timbers, or c.ines ; that the iii'ia-
the [lilot would have iloiie but the wind 1 bitants, wlieii the tlooiK fwtll two faiioni
filling a little on MoiiJity the iSth, we high in lii'jjiiK S('/iinil'Li\ .iml 0,7' Arr, rna
.
drew near, and that was all, tor we were go out at tluir windows into Iki.us, and
altogether beealm'd in This fight of it. gather the rice that floats on the water.
always and green illand, which
(lourilliing 'J7.iiirfJii\ (\\c nil, ill the iiinrning, the /'"/'"wAf
is but live miles in eompals, produces wind came about to the (v(t, but at noon '""'-'•
more |l<'nty than any other ot its big- as it was before. I-'tiitdy the i?.d, wc c.imc
iU'ls ol eocoa-nuts, whofe trees grow a- in figlit ot Piilij(oii(lor, an ifland belong-
miilll the rocks, ^Ji ,,w, figs, Gumlwyas, ing to the king of Cocbini/jira, bur not
jinamis, and other torts of fruit, which inhabited fbme Cocbhichiiujh repairing
•,
the natives xehange for earthen ware.

( thither at certain tiircs of the year to cue
The in.its niicle here, are fb very fine and wooil, and gathe. prod ict of the
the
curious, that they arc fold for fifteen, or ill.ind, as Iii?inn wheat, figs, and oran-
'
'
X
twentv pieces of tight each, to inake prc- ges. It is eight miles long, and propor-
firiits to the Chiiiefes, who put a great va- tionably bro.id. It was abandonM be-
lue on them. It is fubjeft to the king of caufe of the continual Sumntras, or florms
Ikor, from whole dominions on the conti- ot rain, no day ever efcaping without a
nent it is but fixty miles ilittant. Near very violent one, as we found by expc
Piillaor there are two rock?, which pro- rie ice. All tlie vedels liound lor M.ini!:i,
duce good fruit, and fix miles from it a ufe ro make this ifland.
dcl'crt if! and callM PuUimnn. Saiiiriliiy the 2 jd, at fiin-rifing, we

Tui'fday tXxit wind came fair
Kjtli, the were the five hills, the Porliipirir c.M
oil'
with a Sta/i^lra, or florm ot rain, which Ciihci Cbagdi, or the five wouniN, which
l.ifled an hour, as ufiial. Steering our are before themouth of the river of the
eourlc cowards PiilncoiiJor, three hundered king of Cninboyn, uj) which, two hun-
and lixtv iiiiles diltant, we tiiil'd through and forty miles, is the metropolis of
ciereil
a better lea than we had done during the that kingdom, call'd Poiitn^-fret. .Ships
wlioli- voyage, as being clear of rocks go up to it, becaufe the river at the mouth
and llics, and we were not fo much tofs'il, lias three fadom water, and feven n.Mr
1(1 tlv'.t tho' the vellel ran Iwitt wc were the city. The Porliigiirji- call this mouth
COM at our eafe. * Cuaiiguejo, or crab and the other two
•,
-T'fi^
It
ll their we were fo near the line in the

'Iho' ne.ir if, the one of Mitlnci, and the other
Dutch (log-days, we felt no great heat, but to ot Piitit'u-nuis, at which the barks of S ium
n in the
me ir felt more like Ipring and tho* I 1 pafs. The king of Cnmboya is tributary c,;,,/,,^,.
l,.ul not provilions, and other neccllaries to him of .S'/,(;«, antl ulcs to ch.inge his
'cl ; up-
nation,
.IS I could wilh, yet (iod be prais'd I court, when he takes ponelTlon of his
pol «n]()y\i perfect health notwithflanding •, crown, out of a vain fuperdition not to
all
loine liiilors were fallen as were
fick, live where his predeceflbr tly'd ; which he
is letter',
iather Pruvami ot and a brother
'riirii:, may ealily tlo, becaule the metropolis is
int liim ot [uHcbiii ; however, the Ibciety does worii? than other places, all made up of
)t oiu not lutFer their religious to want. ill-contriv'd cottages, covcr'd with mars,
// woiiid I'he fair wind lOiitinu'd all IVedncfihfj or at bell with boards. At prelcnt the
priiifcs
i\\c ;.oth, carrying us a-crofs the gulpli kingilom is divielcd between two brothers,
villi
iif 5/<7;«, into which falls the great river one ot whom keeps in the mountains, the
g<-, anil
ih.it Icid-, ui> to that court, alter running other in the aforefaid city. They make ' '.;;''!
aliuii.' war
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-S)
\ I «
128
1.0 1^
lio i|2.0
I.I
m
268 ^ lôyage round the IForU. Book III.
Geuelli war upon one another, the one fupport- hundred miles in length, where fevcral
'^"?; eil by the king »•. Siam, the other by fliips away every year 1 for which
are call
^"^"^'^^liim of Coihiiicbtna. realbn mult be upon their guaal
pilots
The inhabitants of the kingdoms of to avoiil them, and keep always in fix-
Camboya, Siam, and Piû, fhavc all their teen fadom water. The worll of ii
head, leaving fome on the crown like is, that if any misfortune happens, the
that of the mendicant lay-brothers. Cochimbinefe gallics feize not only ilu-
'J'hey pull up their beards by the root goods, but even the very velltls, that
with nippers, that they may not grow only lolc or fpring a mall ; and there-
i again quickly. Their colour is like an fore many of them fcour the coalf all
olive, and they are hard to be rcmov'd the year, to gatlier wrecks, nor is there
from their tenets ; for father Camloni any hope of cfcaping tlii-m when tlicrc
told me, that in four years he liv'd at is a calm, becaufe they are well provid-
Camboya, he baptiz'd none but a miller, ed, and the Cocblucbincfcs brave men
who was marry'd to a chriftian woman with fire-arms.
of Coihimhin.i. All this country of Maiac a, Camhcya,
Cl.i-ifa.
\^ fun-lit we were on the coaft of Siam, Cbampa, Cochincbina, and Tuiiquin,
Chivnpa, the king whereof, we were abounds in elephants, of which the Sia-
told, had fliakcn oif ti»e yoke of fub- milcs particularly make a great trailc,
jcclion to liim of Cacbincbmi, :i''.d made carrying them by land to ilic oppofitc
war ufKin him. coall, and port of teuazarim, belong-
The fame tl.iy we pafs'd by the Faral- ing to the king of Siam, nc.ir the gulph
hdon do Tigre, lo call'd by the Porlugucfe, of Bfhgala ; where merchants buy, to
bcc.iufe fevcral Hiips of theirs have been tranfjjort them by lea into the doniini
loll there, .md among the reft that of ons of Mabomftan princes.
Miiubc-zi .'/• Brito, who, laving his life At fun-ftt the wind blew fo hard,
by fwimming, left this for a rule to other that it might be call'd a florm and •,
piloti to paisbetween the faid rock, and continuing fo .ill night, let ms very for-
the continent, but not to come where ward. Mor.day the 25111, we fiil'd -.vitli
there arc but ten foot water; and wiien a fair wind along the coall of Cochinchi
they draw near i!ic Faralbao, in the open an; but in the afternoon we had the
lea, not to come to fourteen fadom, but ullial ftorm of rain, witii fuch a llifV
to keep on between fixteen, and nine- gale, that had not the rurur.t Ixcn a-
tucn, becaufe he was wreck'd between gainfl: us, wc had made much way.
ten, and fourteen fadom, where the rock Neverthelefs, about fun-fct wc iiappily
under water lies. pafs'd the true / arela (lb call'd to di-
Sunday the 24th, we fliil'd with a fliir llinguidi it from the falfeone, lying fur-
wind along the fame coaft of the king- ther in on the fide ot a mountain, on
dom of Champa, and in fight, and Ibuth which another rock riles a fulom, and
of the bay and port of that name 1 whi- is call'd the Pagod) for the high wind
ther feveral nations rcfort to buy ele- foon abating, tlie fca was not very
phants teeth, eagle-wood, and other rough.
commodities. At the mouth of it is a Tuefday the 26th, the Time wind con-
rock, between which, and a high moun- tinu'd, and we held on our couric, (lill
tain the fhips mud pafs. In the Ma- near the aforefaid coaft, the weather as
liiye language thcv call that mountain frelli as fpring. However, mod of tiie
PamUron, that is, king, and Ptilftfin \ the Cafres, or blacks were fallen fick j which
Portugut'fe give it the name of Rabo de they attributed to the difference Ixtwccn
Jlacrao, where begins thedangerous this climate, and theirs, the fird bciny;
channel tl'it mud be pafs'd going to, like that of Europe.
and coining from Cbiua. From this IVcdneJday the 27th, wc were quite be-
mountain, till fixty miles beyond PuLa- calm'd.
:,ii!, there is a continual row of flats three
'pi Hill i!:

CHAP. XI.
An Acount of the Kingdoms of Tunquin, and Cochinchina.
V Ilii
> M T Believe
1
the reader will not be dif- l.iy becalm'd
; and the moi.", becaufe I
Mi
I
J'/fi.
plcas'd,
•7 a voyage,
if after
him a little with
I divert
a tedious relation receiv'd
from
from gooil hands, that is,
it
Emanuel Ferreira, who liv'il

father
lome .account of the kingdoms of Tun- there twenty years, and from two Tun
quin, and Cochinchina, oft which we now quinefci he carry'd with him, clad in the
habit
III.
Chap. XI. 0/ I NDOST A N. 269
h;ibit of the focicty as alio from father
•,
making the reft tributary; but nowfiiMnn
yofiph Cotiikni, of the fame I'ociety, who thatkingdom has lliaken olf the yoke, ''"''' ^
years Cocbinchina. and 0O.~>»>

liv'd twelve in rcfiilcs to p.ly the tribute.
:ur':.iri. The kingtlom of Tiinqtiin is tributary The tutor having ufurp'd the kingdom
to Cbina ; but the tribute which for- of Tutiquiii., there began fuch a bloody
inerly was confulerable, ever fincc the war between the two kinfnien, that it
year 1667, has been rctiut'd to a fmall flill lalls between their fons, and with
acknowledgment of a few horfcs every fuch fury, that neither men, nor letters,
year. are permitted to pals out of one kingdom
'i'hc kinfTclom of Cochinchina was once into the other, and tho' they are unequal
united to that of Tunquin, and came to in ftrength (the king oi Cochincbina bring-
Ik p.irteil as follows. The Bua, or cm- ing but fifty thoutand men into the field,
|)erorof Tunquin (call'd Aramu) in the and of 'hinqidn one hundred thoufiiu!)
lie
country language, is fo far from con- yet the Cochincbinefes being the better fol-
vcriing with his fuhjcrts (who may not diers, and defended by a ridge of moun-
look him in the ficc upon pain of death; tains that part the two kingdoms, they
that he does not talk with the prime mi- make their party good with the Tiirqui-
niller, who governs in his ftead i for he nffrs. They both own that fliadow of
:.':ii
acquaints him with all that occurs by an emperor, call'd the Bnii, for tlicir
the mouth of the eunuchs, and receives lawful fovereign ; reteiving embafTies in
his orders the fame way i under pretence his name, and giving our coniniillions
that docs not become fo great an em-
it fublcrib'd, in the reign of Bk.i, Sec.
peror, as he is, to meddle with matters 'l\u- Cbiva, or governour of T.v;.-/.";;';, r,;;/*.'',.
of government, but to take his pleafure following the cuftom ot his aniellor"!,
in the Ayam, amidft his concubines, and governs his kingdom, like the B.i.i, by
leave the cares of the crown to others. a prime miniller, who, without Ipeak-
A governour about three hundred years ing to him, receives his orders from
fince, perceiving this cuflom, made him the euiuiihs, giving audience but very
an cafy way to pofTefs himfelf of the rarely, or futtcring himfelf to be fecn
empire, it being no hard matter to bring by the people. But this refjrv'dnc'.'s ac
the foldicry, and great men, who reprefent does not fo much proceed fror.i
ceiv'd all from him, to his fide ; fo con- pride, or gravity, as for fear of the
trivM hi3 bufinels, that leaving the Bua continual dilbrders of the kingtlom. For
the bare name and fliadow of a king, this fame reafon
he does not allow his
he ufurp'd all the reft. From thence fuhjefts to build high houfcs, that they
forward Tunquin hail two forts of kings •,
may not offend him, but they muft all
the lawful call'd Bua
and the ufur- ; be low, ; and every
except his palace
pers call'd Chiva, or governours ; who man upon of death, muft get out
pain
in, on allow the Bua a competent maintenance, of the way when the king pafles, going
ana and fometimcs refufe it , as happened to divert him either on an elephant, or
wind fome years fmce, when the Bua de- in his Palaiicbine.
very mean'd himfelf I'o much as to give a vi- Now let the reader ronfider what 7^"-' 3- /.
fit to the chief of the Dutch fadory re- when+ ''''/'•'•

credit is to be given to T<ivernifr,
it con- fuling at Tuiiqn'iH. he us, his brother was very fami-'J"
tells ' ,,'*'
niii ''oreign amb.»n"uIors deliver their cre- liarwith the king ol Tunquix, anil thatjos.
,thcr as dentials to none but the Bua, as he of he gives publick audience to his people
of tlic llnllaiui did, not long (ince. When the every day. The Dutch can teftify in
Buti has a fon born, there is great rejoy- this particular, who receiving daily
cing througiiout all the country, which wrongs from the minifters and eunuchs,
is not done for rho other's children. who take more than is due for the cu-
.ft,-, One of the Cbivas dying (above an ftoms ; yet could never fpeak to the
.ige ago' he left a fon under ace, heir king, and make their complaints, fo
ot the kingdom, under the tuition of that at laft they were forced to make
his fon-in-law bur he aipiring to the
-, ufe of a trunk, by means whereof a
irown, laid fuch jilots againit the life Dutcb-m.m conveying himfelf near the
of the king, that his witc, to deliver king's apartment, told him all the mat-
lirr brother our of his hands, caus'd a ter in the Tinqtunefe language. They
confidant of hers to carry him into Co- fucceeded as they defir'd, for the king
iljimilna, attemied by part of the no- gave order to redrefs their grievances ;
bility. \Nith their afliftance he pofTefs'd direi'ting, that for all the commodi-
tciwk I himlelf of Coihwchuu, killing the go- ties the Dutch import, they fhould pay
hat is, vernour at an entertainment, and after- nothing, but only m.ake a prefent of
,0 livM wards redur'd a confiderable part of the European cloath, filt-peter, and a few
o Tun kingdom o( CLainra under his dominion, other things and that their goods be
•,
in lli<; \'0J„ IV. Zzz not

h.tbic
A Vojage round the World. Book Ii[.
Of MI iLi not t'f.irch'J in the cuilom-houlc. Where- The women wear the lame fort of gar-
'^95- upon father Ferreiia told tnc, that it be- ment down to their feet, their hair loolb,
'"''"'^'''^'ing very difficult to import bculs, images and their face bear. They arc beauti-
of faints, and other things of devotion ful, tho' of a dark compledion, and
out of liurope ; he brought them in con- great lovers of flrangcrs.
fign'd to the DuUb fiiftory. The king As to religion, they arc idolaters -,
«,:,,
of Cochinchina is not fo referv'd, but is but cafily converted, and when convert-
feen by, and converlcs with his people, ed fteady in the faith, and this both
and much more with ftrangers. Tunquinefes, anil Cochincbinefes. And fa-
Cvirtnms The king of Tunquin, and his fub- ther I'crreira alfut'd me, that when, by
anJ man- reafon he was pcrfecuteil for fome years
^gf^j ad in all rcfpeds contrary to the
"^"'
European princes, and their people ; for by the king, he w.is forc'd to wander a-
when the princes of Europe go by wa- bout in difguize, the poor country people
ter, they fit in the ftern, whereas the would fometimes travel a months jour-
king of Tunquin fits in the head of the ney from one province to another, to
boat, laying, the king muft be the firfl confefs and hear mals. 'i'hcfe idolaters
that goes afbore. He keeps fifty boats are not fo prccife, as thofe of Imlojian •,
curioufly gilt, with fixty men to row but cat all forts of Hefli, even to cats
'tf.
'^.r^k'J in each, all of them youths, about one and dogs.
age, who all dip their oars at once, The kingdom of Tunquin is plain, n.;-
being guided, or directed by a man's like Lombard), and very fruitful. It'ii
hand, like a mailer of a choir, 'i'he is divided into eight provinces, which
king keeps with his head towards the are Sudong, which in the country lan-
JI'V'
chamber door, whereas Europeans lay guage province
fignifies eaftern Suncin, •,
tlicir feet th.T way. The Tunquinefes or the louthcrn ; Subak, or the nor-
writefrom the top of the p.nper to the thern i Sutag, or the wcflern 1 Nv^bean
bottom, and from the right to the left, Bocin, half of which belongs to the
IrtT I ft '• - ',•» juft contrary to us. They aifo write king of Cochinchina, the river Songen
their name at the top of the letter, as dividing their limits. 'J'iic fcventh 'v«-
was once us'd by the Romans, Hiying, anquam ; antl the eighth Taynguien.
7- N. fend you Greeting, &c. Among The metropolis where the king re-
cliriftians, thieves are hang'd, but in Tun- fides, call'd Kechio, is four days jour-
quin beheailed, tho' of mean birth ami •, ney from the fca, with a river running
on the contrary, perfons of quality are up to it. There are in it, none but
ftrangled with a tope, drawn by twelve low houfes maile of Bambao, whereof
men, fix on a fide after which they
•, there is great plenty in their fields. Fa-
burn the feet of the party execMted, to ther Eerrcira told me this Bambao, every
fee whether he his dead or alive. As fifty years produces a feed, of which
in Europe we print, joining of letters, the peafants make bread. The city is
fo in Tunquin, Cochinchina, and China, large and populous ; there licing ftrccts
the manufcript is parted on a very fmooth three miles long in and markets. Theit,
board, and then with a fharp pointed kingdom is inhabited by an infinite num-
pen-knife they cut the letters juft as they ber of people i which is the occafion of
are written, and fo they go through the fo many commotions, for there is fcarce
whole compofition, which they can af- a year, but fome great man is put to
terwards print as often as they will with- deatli, who has headed a mutiny ; to-
out any trouble. When their kindred wards which the refervcdnefs of the
die, the Tunquinefes, and their neighbour- prince, contributes very much. The
ing kingdoms mourn in white, as we kings of Bau, a country abounding in
do in black, which lafl colour they wear musk, and of Lau, which produces
for flate, as the nobleft. ftorc of elephants, arc tributary to this
kings of Tunquin and Co-
W'lien the king.
dinchina marry, tliey caufe the nobleft Cochinchina in the country languagc,C.f,-
and moll beautiful maids to be brought call'd Tlaon-Kuang, is divided into five *•;'='
from all parts of their kingdom, and provinces, viz. Moydin, Dincat, Kegue"''^
having made their choice, fend back the Tlenquan, and Fumoy. The king rclulcs
reft. The firft of thefe two, generally in the city of Champelo, one days iour-
keeps three hundred concubines. ney from the fea, in the province of
H/Dit. The habit us'd in thofe kingdoms is Kegue or Kehoe, which in that language,
lHi'>*!l!;:{!M^ long garment or veft. On the head a
.
• J I'.-
f', \i
.1 fignifies a flower. It is large and po-
tall round black cap; but that of the pulous, as is all the kingdom, tho'
foldiers and peafants, falls down a little mountainous. Both this and tliat ot
«)n the back. They let their hair grow Tunquin arc watcr'd by many rivers,
long, like Europeans, and fo their beard. which make them abound in rice and
fiignr.
»«K IIL I Chap. XIF. 0/ I N D O S T A N. 271
fiiffjr. Btfulcs in Tunquin there is abun- in the when rotten.
heart of a tree, GtMrm
dance of lilk i iinil in Cochinchina musk, But!) kingdoms i>roducc abundance of "^^'^5-
"'^'^
r\i
pepper, gold, and cinnamon, and great mflon=, (ocoa-nuts, atas, figs, ananas, '
ftore of But thcie which are

hirds-nclts. jacas, and other Ibrts of Indian fruit.
taken in fummtrr, belong to the queen, They alfo gather from a tree, or rather
for her privy-piirfe, and therefore the a (lirub in Co<l>i)iihi>ia, a large leaf,
fubjefts are trading in them, as

forbid c.-.il'd Tea or C/jn, which Jicy fay fat-
aifo in Calambiich, which is kept for the tens, and therefore foldicrs arc there for-
king, riiis Iweet wood is found in bits bid the ufc ot it.
CHAP. XII.
T/ji Author cotitinues his Foyagc to Macao.
Tllv.rfdas the jSth, before break of he hop'd to enter Cbina ; the grott where
day we were nc.ir tiie ifland of Piil- the flint liv'd and dy'd, being to be lien
ctiiiin, ^('o mill's from Puhandor, where at a dilla cc. It is fi,xty miles from Af.i-
tiicy crols tiie j',ulpi» of /lytiiin to difco- cao, about ten iiiihs in length, and pro-
ver the illands ol Macao, equally dillant. portion.dily broad, is huiiful, and lias
Pulcdtan is a iiiiaii ifland three miles a- plenty of good water.

liout, inhabited by and
Cochincbinefa, tt'ediifjday the jd, tho' the wind was
fometimcs govcrn'd by a Mandarine \ not very l.iir, yet it carry'd us on in-
it is near the continent, and to the moun- to a l.ibyrinth of iflands, lomc rall'il
tain call'd the Iloi/c's Saddle: dos yead'/i, Mcrti Mnntag>ia, d'-i Ladro-
Having laii'd lifry miles to get over i-ai, I.antaii, I.dni, Ciimpa.nKv, Aliav.t-
the Hats ended beyond
whicii we lîid fida, and otlurs. Tins is n.olf remark-
Ptikalan, and then as many more, we able, that they ate all water'd by excel- ! ,ui'
dircftetl our courfe to

The mouth
the northward.
of tlic river that runs up to
lent rivers, and Ij'rings,
always green ; and abound in deer, iSrfc-
which keep them i u
Cb.umptlo, the court of Coihinchina, cal- caria!, and other wild bealls, which the
led by the Cbinc/cs, Sa\fo, is a little be- citizens of Macao often go over to
yon. the aforel'aid ifland.
I There is an- kill.
other more to the northward for leflcr We could make no way bccaufe of
fliips, and call'd Toran. the wind, and therefore lay tacking
Friday the Zijtii, the fiir wind continu- all the night. Thofe ifl.mds atVorded
ing, carry'd us on a great way fmooth- a curious prolpedt, beirg by lb
li^^^htcil
ly, though tlie fea was rough. But here many fiflier-boats plying about thL-m.
we were very much afraid of tho*> wimts Thele people always live in their float-
Hurri-
they call Tifones, or Hurricanes, which ing-houles, with their wives
and chil-
blowing furioufly on all fules, fomctimes ilren -, on the lilb thcv take,
feeding
carry away the marts, and what is worfc, and felling tliem both frcfl) and tlry'd to
the men, if tliey do not keep under thofe that will carry them to Canton ;
deck. The lirll remedy in thefe cafes is they themiclves never going from the
to cut down
the m.ill, and let her run, w.i.tcr, but only removing from one
trurtinp in Ciod , tor the mifchief is ir- ifland to another, accordirig to the fea-
rcfillible, and in a moment finks fliips, fbns, which make lifli more plentiful in
or elfe drives them on the coaft of Co- one place than another. Conflant pra-
(hincbina. dice has made them very exjiert at their
Saturday the 30th, the fîme wind con- trade ; having, befides their nets, in-
tinuing till noon, afterwards came fairer, vented leveral particular inlhuments,
and fet us very forward i and fb it did perhaps altogether unknown to F.tiro-
on Sunday the laft day of the month v j'cans. By the warmth or coolnefs of
It) tliat on Monday the firll: of Auguft, the water, and other figns and tokens,
we were off the ifland Aynan, belonging they forelee the Tifona, or hurricanes,
to the province of Canton •, at the fur- a day or more before they happen ; and
thcl> j)oint whereof begins the (hore of retiring with their boats into very dole ti A'
the river of Tunquin, call'd Bajf.iy from creeks, and drawing tliem aflii^re, expert
li'ven neighbouring villages. the end of the llorm with .ill their I-'a-
»' **'
Turfday the 2d, we came near the mily. .„
finl ifland of vulgarly call'd San-
-St. 'Jobn, Tburfday the 4th, the feaft of St. Do-
iban, lo fimous for the glorious St. I'ran- minick, being near Macao, before noon, .
M ft 'i
'tf Xaviiiti! ending his days there, when leveral [K-ople caine from the city in
boats,
272 ^ Voyage round the World Book I1{. Chap. I
Com El 1.1 boats, every onft to fcc his friend, and paflage. The (hip Bumhiirpa arriv'd
'^•^5 among chc reft father Philip Fiefia, pro- three days before us, and (et afliore ten
^^'^'''^ who came had aboard. I was courteoully
cuartor of Japan, in a Lorja, Jefuiii it
or large baric to 'ring retrefhments to eniertain'd in the monaftery of St. Aii-

father Ferreira, ani. the other nine fa- guJHn, by fither Jofepb o\ the Concep-
tiiers. I had my flure, and eat excellent tion, born at Madrid, and prior of tiut
figs, Europe, and gooil Ana-
like ours in plaa". He gave me a plentiful fuppcr
nas, my llomach not failing me. Going at night, with variety of fweetmeats.
into the bark with thofc fatliers, I got Here it will be convenient, that whiift 1
to the city Macao, on the fo long wifh'd reft me after my voyage, which was no
for land of China. I left my money in lefs than 3000 miles 1 the reader, wiio
fome vcdels full of (alt flelh, and fi(h, has hitherto born with my unpotilhM
to favc paying the duty of four in the difcourfe, take fome little refpit, that he
hundred to the fhip,and two to the may in the next volume be the more
city, fince for the viceroy's fike, I had attentive to the wonders of the renown-
not paid for my own, nor my fervant's ed empire of China.
m^
ti~-,
The End of the Third BOOK.

r! :.,--!
M:
AVoj-
p;-r III
:^^
I
Chap. I. 273

Francis Genielli Careri. Part IV.
f
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he fuw in
CHINA.
BOOK I.
CHAP. I.
Of ibc Jirji I'oimJation of the City of Macao, and its Forts,
Am now at length come to enter coming from Malacn and Inditu to trade GFMEiti
upon tlic v.ilt empire ot China, and with the Chinefe, and being overtaken 169;.
I could will) my ilile and language

were fuitablc to the greatnefs of the
by the bad weather, fome fliips mile- L/^/'VJ
rably pcrifli'd, for want of a lecurc har-
fubjedt, that I might give the curious bour in the iflands about ALuao, which
reader furl", a draught and defcription m.ulc them ask fome place ot liil'cty to
as it ilefervcs ; bui that being above my winter in, till the I'ealbn would allow
capacity, he mud be forced to take\ip, them to return home, and the Ciiiir-i?,
" 18
and be fitist'y'd with my unpolifli'd way
!
own
..;
for their ailvantage, gave them this

of delivery. Therefore to begin at one fpot of rocky land, by
then iniiabited
of the ports of this empire, that is, robbers, that they might expel them,
MiUM, whicli was the tiril place I came as they did. At firfl they were permit-
jtjj to, it \i to be oblcrv'd. That Macao in ted to build thatch'd houfes, hut after-
the Chi>iejf language fignifies a port, and wards having brib'd the Mandarinei,
is otherwile call'd Amagao, a name gi- they not only erefted fubftantial Ifru-
ven it from an idol fo ilil'd, which was dures, but made forts. One of tliefe Ics forts.
ador'd in that place. It is featcd in is at the mouth of the harbour, callM

141 degrees of longitude, and 22 of the fort of the bar, wliofe wall up-
latitude, on the point of an illand cal- wards terminates at the rock, call'd, A
led Ha-icLeu, in the province of Can- Pciiba, which is an hermitage of the fa-
ion. The fliape of it is like an arm, thers, of the order of St. Augujiin on
encompals'd on all fides by the fea, ex- the hill. The other being the biggeft,
cept where it joins to the (houlder. is call'd the fort of the mountain, be-
Tlie ground it ihmds on is uneven, becaufe feated on the very top of a hill.
ing hill, vale, and plain ; the houfes There is alto another high fort, call'd
are well built, after the manner of Eu- Nojfa Seiihora da Giita, or, Our Lady of
rope ; tiie churches very fine for that Guidance.
country, ef}x;c-ially that of the jfefuits Philip FerrnriKs was much miilaken, S\\h\c(\ to
college, which has a noble front a- when in his geographical dictionary he CZ'.a.;.
tlorn'd with i)eautiful pillars. In this fîid. That this city had bclong'd to the
iliurch is prefcrv'd that moft precious king of Portugal, and that in the year
rdick ot St. Francis Xaverius, being the 1668 it was taken by the emperor of
bone ot the arm from the fhoulder to China, and made fubjeft to his domi-
the elbow. Next the churches of the nion i for from its firll foundation it
Aupiflins^ of St. Friitcii, St. Lawrence, never fuffcr'd any revolution, being a
the" Mikriiordiit, and the nuns are de- colony of Poriuguefe, by antient grant
(ently builr, and adorn'd. 'I'he llreets of the em oeror, to whom they pay not
ot the city arc all pav'd, becaufe there only a yearly tribute, but cullom for
b no want of flone. There are in it goods, and a duty upon every velfel
;o()0 fouls ot
above inoooChinffc.
Partiiguefi, or better, and proportionable to its bulk, tho' it Iw
not loaded after the iiime manner as m
It is above 10 years fince this pl.ice
1 thole of the Moors, and hnglijh do ; nor
was lounded by the Porliiguej'e, for they can any boat go in or out, without leave -^
'
'^.ir:#
Vol.. J\' Aaaa tron\
274. ^ Voây^ round the fFoild. Book f.
Gi Ml 1 1.1
from the Chmefc^ who gu.inl the moiiili fL-nding mtrciiaiiiii/.e, ingots to or gold
''Nv „( the harbour. be chang'd into pieces ot right .u C,V,/,
I' '^^'^^'^ 'Ihis ,,ctlc rocky inthjlurc of ilircc 'I'ho' at M.ii.io they have not groiim'
iniles has not provifions to l'ul)fill .1 il.iy, to low a h.indlul of pcale, yet (iod pro
but all is brought to it troin tlic towns viJcs lor tiicm, in luih manner iliat tlui
;tt.nit'
ot 'he Cbiiuys, who have Ihut up the live in pliiity enough, .ill neccHarics |>i'.
Portuguefe, as it were in a prifon, lia- ing brought them Iroin the adjacent
vinj; lecurM that narrow neck ot land parts, ami th.cy make lb much of tlieni-
wliich lies between tiie main lea, and lllvcs, that tlieir tables are never witli-
the little arm of it next the continent out fwcet meats, excellently made by the
with .1 wall anil âte, wiiiili they lock women ; and I may truly fiy, never I
up when they pleafc, ami llarve the in- ted lb well any where as at Mncao, tl.c
habitants as otten as tluy will •,
tho' tiic women there knowing how to rover ,1
country ot CiiHa is Co plcntitul, that the tabic lor a king, and to pleale ,iny nii^'
value of a picie ol ei^ht in bread (wiiiih appetite.

is the Ixfl in the worKl) will keep a man When the trade of 7''/'"' flourifli'd, I'
V I.
hall a year. this city w.is lb rid), th.it it couI>l h.ivi
'
P.iTs i;riMt 1 he Cbimi'f allow the Piirliij^tirfi the pav'd the llreets with lilver ; but aftei
im|-i.iii: i>overnincnt ol the city (>( Macdo, as tiic ll.uighter of lb many clirillians, th
«"" (ar as relates to the adminiitration of trade of Nnrgafarl.x- w.is quite loll id
juilicc ; and tor tliis privilcf^c tliey pay the fnrtiigui'fi-, it being deatii lor any
A yearly impolition ol <xio fn\i<, each of them to be leen in that port, 'liuh
of wliiih is wort'i fiin:cnC\ir!ii:ii of Ati- lor want of that trade, the Inli.ibir.inu
p!f>, which is alx)Ut a noble, llerlini!; : of Macao arc fallen into that poverty
Hefides the cutlons receiv'd by a Man- they now labour under, having but five
il.viiie, whom they call Ufu, and the fliips left of their own to maintain all
duty, as was laid before, u|)on every the city, and thefe ilo not bring honi!-
vclTcl proportionable to its bulk, the returns of ôo per Cent, as 'Japan al-
v^*. Icall nf which pays no lefs than 1000 fbrded, but a very ineonlklcrable profit,
T),f .,,. 7jv<i, that is, lb many nobles. Thciity and tliis will Hill be leflen'd by the lettin;;
.c.rnKni.choores a judge, or rujireme ma;z;iilrate, up off'- '^'('x Eajl-Iiuita Company, whiili
who has the manngemcnt ot civil and prol' iri-.:lbrt to leveral ports, and
crimmai atVairs, in all calcs where no ibmi •• C'.mmodities.
Cbtneff concern'd. 'Ihc political go-

is On u,-iy the 6th of S,-p/rmbrr 1 fJQ.:, ]\
.
vernment is in a captain-general, appoint- there began to fill a violent rain, witip .
ed by the king of Portugal, ami the fpi- a boiflerous wind blowing at the liiiro
ritual in .a bifliop. All tiiefe officers time. On Sunday the 7th, the winl
and commanders by tlie
are maintain'd threatned a hurricane, being very vio-
city, which allows the captain-general a lent at night, but (iod be prais'd went
piece of eight a d.iy, and :jcx30 every three no further. In the months of Jti/n; Ju-
years; -ôo to the bifhop, 150 to tlic ly, AiiguH, T^nA September, ihey are much
captains, and proportionably to the fol- afraid of wiiirl-winds, one hapi cncd anil
diers ; which charge isdetray'd by a duty three years befbre 1 was there, which
of ten per Cent, upon Portuguefe goods, roiling in the region of the air, car-
and two in the hundred upon money. ry'd the tiles ofl^" the houles, and lilted
Tho' the king of Portugal has tiie na- up ftoncs that four men could not re-
ming of the captain-general for this fmall move, overturning many houles, and
place, yet he docs not allow him a far- ruining the dormitory of the monaflery
Mil I; '" "". ;
'j
thing pay. of St. Jupijlin. But they are now lia

Bcfides thefe burdens this poor city ble to this fcourgc every year. Tiie
ji
iiiil if
under, all the Mandarines that come Rain continu'd after the fame manner all
lies
from Canton, are to be lodg'd and en- Momlay the 8th, the Iformy wind never
'V ^ !
). I' ' and this is no fmall expence.
rertain'd, abating. On Tucfday the gth, I went to
rhc Upu, as loon as he came, order'd a fee a play adfed after the Chinefe manner,
>.ow to be flaughter'd immediately, for it was reprefcnted at the coll of fonii:
him little, and eal'e his indifpo-
to cat a of the neighbours for their diverfion
fition, forafmuch as the Chinefe look up- in the middle of a fmall fquare. Tlierc
on if as dainty and favoury meat. was a large ftage to contain thirty per-
All the income and revenue of the lbns,men and women aftors, and tho'
city and Inhabitants of Macao, depends I underftood it not, becaule they fpoke
upon the uncertainty of the lea, for all the Mandarine, or court-language, yt
perlbns whatfoever there, apply them- I perceiv'd manner of it, that
by tlie
Iclvcs to trade ; and the gentry deal in they adled with life and skill. It w.is
rheir money, putting it out to ule, or partly recited, and partly fung, the
mulici;
1
OK [. ClIAP. 11. Of CHINA. 27=;
mufick of (i'vcr.il inrtrumcnts ol wooil c.imll( li};l,c. When an aft is ilonc, Ui'i.ni
anil ^r.ils li.irnioniDully .mlweiini^ ihc tlio pl.iytr:. lit down to cat, ami very ""'^
j
« voice ot liini that liinj;. I'hey were all otien the auilience does the lame. On'-'^''^
well enough tLul, tiuir {.'.arments adornM /Ac,/«,y,A/v the loih, the lame ei)ni| .my
with goKI, which they ehangM often. aiHed another play in the liouli: ot the
'J'liis pl.iy lalled ten hours, ending by Vpii, or eiillomer.
C II A R II.
A J'niithfi fmigd made hy the Portuguclc, and Natives of Macao to Ja-

pan, to Re/itt/e themj'ches in the trade hjl in the lajl Perjeanion nf the
ChrilUam.
r.iiiliins '~r^ni'. inhabitants of Macao iiavc en- to be fold for their benefit ; then having;
('-
tiljJi'.l deavoiir'd li'vcral times to reeo- tonfulted together, they thouglit tins m\
J[_
y-'/-'-
vtr their trade witli the 'Japcuefe ; but excellent opportunity to attempt the re-
always inellei'-Uially, the latf.r oblli- lovery of their trade in th.ii ilhuul, of
nately perlilUng rather to lolc leveral which fame opinion the tather.'i ot the >•!;!,
thoiiland crowns due to them troni the fociety were.
others, than to receive them again irjto To this intent the city and Jefhili
their Iriendflii)), iiavinj'; fworn by their hir'd a (liip, and putting the Jafonrlf 'If
(io Is never to admit more ehrilUans aboaid, lit tail on the îh of 'June of
1
into their country, and if any come, to the alorel.'iitl year for SriHgaliul.f, .uiil
butcher them without mercy. 'I'hat the got into tliat port on the 21I ot Jii!\ at
chrilHans might have no opportunity night. Jmmcili.iicly a Maiularinc came
of getting in uiulir the name of other abo.ird the vedil, which was cali'd St.
nations, liicy were advis'd by the Dutch, Paul, with an interpreter, and lour fcri-
who will have all the profit to them- veners, or notaries, one ot whom was
ieives, to lay a crucilix on the ground fent by the general, the fecond by the
at the landiiu; place, to difcover whe- chief civil magillrate, the third by the
ther any chiilli.ui comes under a dif- city, and the fourth by the prime man
guifc, beraulo any fuch will rcful'e, or in religious matters, every one to write
at Kail make a ciiriicultv to trample on a-part what t];ieltions the interpreter
the crucili.x to enter Nangajarhe, the put in and what t!iey an-
Portu^mj'e,
port ot 'Japan. 'I'hus the Dutch fettled Iwer'd, that there might be no miltake.
themll'lves in the trade, excluding all 'ihc interpreter kncft down before the
othc pcrl'wading the Japonefe that Mandarine. I believe the moll fevere
they were no chrillians, making no and crafty judge, could never |nit more
fcruple tor ilicir iiitered to trample the cnfnaring tjucltions to draw the crimi-
Holy Image of ChrilV, which the Eng- nal to contcls a crime, than this Mai:J.i-
lijh refus'd to do. This is fo certainly riiie did to the Portitguefe, to make them
true, rhat I my felf in China faw and own knowledge of the antient pro-
the
fpoke with a Cbiiirj'e, who told me he hibition to chriilians, upon pain of
h.ul trampled on it, and becoming a death not to come into tlie empire of
chriftian at Nanking, confefs'd this im- Japan, and in cale they did, to be indil-
pious action. penilibly fubjeift to futfcr the penalty.
',—[: The city of Macao made its laft cf- But they knowing the Mandarine's de-
'
;
:^ tort a few years fincc, fome of its inha- fign could not be entrapp'd by him, but
bitants undauntedly expofing themlelves aniwer'd difcrcetly to all his intcro-
[() or by dint of benefits to gain
die, g.itorics, dill tlenying any knowledge
the hardened hearts of the Japonefe, ot fuch prohibition.' In ftiort, the Portti-
Iwing perlwaded, that God by an ac- guefe were examin'd about the time tlio
cident h.ad again given an opportunity bark was cafl away ; in what quarter
of erecting the llandard of the crofs in of Macao the twelve Japonefe liv'd ;
tliat which was thus.
mighty empire, whether they there, or aboard, "convers'd
,1)1
In February xMr,. the weather being with the chriltians ; what it was the
very llormy, a japonefe bark that was city of Macao defir'd of them whether -,
tr.iding among the iflands loaded with there were any antient men aboard the
tabacco, was wreck'd in the nc'^hbour- vetTel, who could remember what had
iiood of Macao, none of twelve Japo- happcn'd between the chrillians and Ja-
nefe that were in her, being drown'd. ponefe ; and much more too long to in-
The city caus'd them to be reliev'd, fert, feveral hours being taken up in
and rlic hark and croods that were fav'd thcfc qucftions by the Mandarine, and
notaries,
276 ^ ôjrtgt? ro«wr/ //'£' World. Book {
c;r«ri 1 1 notaries, wlio :\ll writ fcvcnilly to report were two fathers of the fociety, who took
''"'< ii 10 their liiiHTiors. At Icnj^tli, h.iving this courle III make their way into that
^''^^''^^'t.iki'ii the number ot nun, .tnil ilirnenli- kingdom ',
but it coll much money to
f. 'I
on» ot the vcird, the MtHiLiriiic wmt corneal their eliape, the Mandiinnr be-
ot) with all thole he hr(>u<^ht witli him. ing brib'd, and two hillocks (hcw'd him
JaftHfft, The viiljîr lort ol 'Jafvnr',- are worfc as il they had l)cen graves ; Ii) that at
(heir liib-
than Haves to tiic iiobihty, and Mji:- pril.nt the J)iitil> admit no II rangers
millioii.
(liiripiii, for they ilarc not Ipeak to liu'in, abi>ard the lliips bound lor "Ja\in, Inn.
but on tlieir knies, hanging liown their only nativts ol llcllaiid, who cm prove
licatis, lilting ii|> tiicir hands tojiêiher they .irc and give an
of that country,
to their lorehead, anil ll retching them account of their father and mother.
out towariis the Miintianne, by way ot Nor have the Dutch any communication
reliK-it, whit it the interpreter did (;vc- with the city, but live in their laclory,
ry time tiie eaptain ot the vellfl an- which is liated on a riuk, eni losM with
(wer'd. And it a M.ithl.iriiii' yoes a- a wall, to whiili there are two (iates v
lH>;ird a villil, in wliich tiure arc a one t)wards the port to lliip their goods,
ihoulaiul peoiiif, there will not one and tills, will n the Ihips are gone, has
wonl be luard, all things iKinir done by live leals put upon it, not to be ojien'd
lij'ns, and the pilot eommandb by a Ian upon pain of death. 1 he other aniwers
he holds in l;is hand, waving it to the to the city, and is coiuinuilly guarded,
rij»ht or left to direft the (leerfman. no trade being allow'd with the Jaionc.\
Th. ir I'he next day the Mand.iiinf lit out in but only once a year, when they give
a Palaiiil.i*ii; cirryMon men's IlioiiKlers, a pal's to the perlon ap|)ointed to go to
for .Imijin, to acquTint the cm|KTor with Ainuuo, to vilit the emperor from the
the arrival of the Portiipirf,: vellil, anil company.
in the mean wliile retrclliments were fent i'he Mandarine rcturn'd from courtr
abo.ird from liie city with much civility, thirty fivedays alter his departure thither,'
biddini^ them alk lor all they had occa- having llay'il lb long by re.ifon ol its di-^
I)!',. tor, and they (hould be fupply'il •,
llancc ol one hundercd and twenty miles''
and iho' the Purltiîief,' did not declare from A'anîi'UtJ'e. He, and the notaries
liieir wants, yet the Japoufji: lent tlicni with t.iie interpreters, went abo.ird the
4II (hat was necelliry. P'jrtugufji: vellL'l, and concealing his jour-
I'he vellil was bcfet, and guarded day ney to /liniaco, told the lapt.iin, that
and ni;!,ht by ten Imirf, which are barks the emperor and his counlil were not iii-
ol the o'jntry mann'd with foldiers, who
i form'd ot their coming, but that haviiii;
watchM that none of the Ponupiefc might acquainted the fecrctary of Hate with it,
11*1 .. :
*> let toot afhore, as alio that nothing might he had taken that aflair upon him, be-
be thrown into the (eA, infomuch that caufc the king could not be fpoken to;
one day a duck flying away, (everal i'liurs and therefore they might go their way,
puilu'd it foi Ionic i)our.., and having tak- enjoining them never more to rcrurii to
en, carry'd it to the governour, who fent thofc iflands upon any account whatfo-
it back, charging them to take care that ever, forafmuch as at prefent, they par-
no creature elcapM, requiring that the ilon'd and gave them their lives in return
filtii of the veflel Ihould be thrown over- for the kindncfs they h.ul Ihewn their
board in the pretence ot the foldiers. country-men, whom they carry'd to
The iLiy after the arrival of the Por- Iânâfacbe ; but it was never known,
liigui-fi; the Diilcb came aboard in a fmall whetiicr they put them to death or not.
boat, thinking it had been a (hip of theirs, Then the Portuguefe captain alk'd, in cile
111*'-;:; and i)ercciving they were Portugnefe, and any other Japonefe bark were call away
uiiderllaniling the caufe of their coming, upon their land, what tl-^y vvcre to do,
they rcturn'd, laying, in that country it to which qucftion no anlWer was given.
was nciellary to fpeak the truth. Afterwards they read the emperor's
/)/;. h 'I'iic factory at Naiigafachc enjoys not order, which had receiv'd by let-
they
I'torv.
that liberty the Dutch have in their ter from the fecretary, and every time
trade in other parts, nor has it that the emperor was nam'd, the Mandarines
authority in this port as elfewhere ; for kneel'd down. At laft, having aflign'd
••r
as loon as the fhips come to an anchor, the time when they were to be gone,
a Mandarine comes aboard to tell the they bid them give an account what
men, and carry the fails and rudder provifions they wanted, further advillng
alhore. When a man dies, a Mandarine them in cafe they fhould lie forced back
mult view the body before it is bury'd. by flrefs of weather, to come to Nmi-
It happened fix years before this time, gafache, and bidding them have a care
•*:-..).
that two tailors were once milRng, wiio of going to any other port, becaiile
l)ad gone afliorc, and it was judg'd they they would be in much danger. When
the
"^'•1 Chap. III. Of CHIN A. '^77
th; \f,vi.Li>i>i('< worr I'onc, ilic vcllil . I;', null them. It is fiuiiM l>y fiv>;fi»M, i.i i
w.H towM l>y li'viT.il i'iiii.-iy or l>,irks, I'.uards in as m.iny I'evcr.d jmlls upon '' '>
.ihout .1 c.innun fhut out ot the li,irl)Our tiie channel, and two garrilon* at tiic'-^^'"*^
ot tlic city, where it iKiyM llx weeks mouth ot the bay, who, as loon as they
tor .1 wind, >iml vvlicn the wc.ttlier was dili'ovcr any (liip, prelently lend notice
fit, on the tl.iy prelixM, the '/dpnncfe ol it to the lity, wliich prelerves it I'eif
lir()ii[;lu them tlie proviiions .iml water without w.dls or cannon, o;ily by its
they h.ul .ilKM lor, t.»llin|.r it belorc then) vigilance. 'I'he houles of the city arc
to t.ike aw.iy any
rcllor'il them the pictures, licids and
luljiii ion. i'hen they of timber, the (Ireets are barric.ido'il
at night, and w,it..hM by captains, who
n
crofTes, taken trom ihein when Hrib they arc to give an account of all that hap-
tanif to NdN^.iuhhc, v hidi they kept pens. Naiiîijiuhf looks towards the M? I' ii»
lockM up in a hox, hecaul'e ot ilic great well, anil is above a mile in compafs.
averliiin thole pcopl'.- have for the crofs, I hcic me.i .dfo told me, that the 'yapn-
ami other tlirilHan devotions. They h.ul iit-fi fli.ive from the toreliead to the
alk'd tlicm at tluir lirll: coming, why crown of the heail, leaving the reft of
liny bore the irols in their colours ? to the hair fliort, .ind that when they go
which tlie Ponuiîu;,- anlwer'd. It was abo.ird tiiey are bare headed, t)nly tlie
i"
tiie enfign of their kings. 'I'hus tlic MdiuLirini'. wea'ing a very fine (tr.iw-
vellei to Mlum, without any
return'd hood. They flia'e the upper and under
tln-ir expence.
return, alter ail lip ; their gaiiuent is fhort, at leall
.V''f'- Hdidesaccount ot the matter of
tliis tli.it I have lien l()me ynfoHefe wear,
" l^"la(ft alrcatiy given, the malkr, mate, IjouiuI c'nl'e .".I'Diit tliem with a girdle,
And Icveral feamen, who went that voy- which they
in flick their two liimitcrs,
age, and whom I ilill ours'd alioard the one long, and the otiier fliort. The
veiili call'd the Rr:.ii\, told mc it was women are clad after the fame manner,
very dilHeult getting into the ciiannel and wear their hair iooli- ; they have no
ot Nrnpifach,', by real'on ot the flats, hanilkerchicfs to In w their nofes, but
rocks, "and ill.inds that lie in it ; be- ufe paper, which lirves but once. The
fides, it is necelliiry to come to an an- country about Niiii^nhchc is mountai-
nous, but Iruitful to liich a degree, that
m. -
tiior lour times, jiy realbn of the tide,

wliitli lometimes is lor, and lometimes it bears moll Lumpi'itn fruits.
I '."
CHAP. III.
'the Amhr's Journey to Canton, "with a Diji. nation of thai City, and otkcn
in the JVay to it.
Bl'.iiig relblv'd to go over to Canton^ more grandeur, befulcs the firing of three
I went on nurfilay the nth, to chambers, thirty foot-lbliliers Handing
/]HMk to the Poi.'iigiit'/e general, to get in a with Icveral enfigns in their
rank,
inc a pals from tlie L'/ii, that I might not hands, and very long iimbrclloes. The
Ix' troubleil on the road, which he pro- Upu kneel'd facing a t.iblc, on wliich
inisM to do. FruLiy the I2th, I laid out was a bag with tiie emperor's letters,
for a Chliu'fc, to Ijl- my interpreter on the bowing down his forehead to the ground
ruad, and foon lounu one for a fmall three times, which he rejx-ated as often,
rnnf:deration. On SalurJay the ijth, I riling up every lime upon his feet. The
went with the city follicitor to take my ceremony ended, thole that held the in-
Itave of the I'/u, but we came at a ftruments and umbrelloes running out
time when he was dil'patching the let- of the way, that the letters might be
ters for the L.npcror, wliich were writ (leliver'd in due form upon the firing of
by the city aniJ Mamlarines, upon ac- three other chambers. The exprefs ha-
",,'J;\x«iiitof feniling him a lion. I'he loving receiv'd them, immediately mount-
Icniiiity was perlorm'd after this mined a horfeback, and began to gallop, all
ner. The
Ufti coming out in publick, Alanditiims bcin" oblig'd, within their
fite down in a chair, with a ilcfk be- jurifdidion, to furnifli him with gooj
liire him, cover'd with filk, chad in a horfes, without detaining, orftayinghim. ,<*
long garment, to which was fallned a After this, the Mandarine f.ite down,
l^rrat collar, or rather hood that hung and caus'd the gates to be ojien'd, which
down, and cover'd his back, and !n.uic were Ihut before, and foon after with-
two wings. Abundance of inftruments drew, for which reafon I could not then
mil contiiv'd voicci refounded for the uke leave of him. '
Vol.. IV. B b b b On I i
-
IJI'
'278 A Voyage round the florid. Book [,
».n(nii On .'^««.'<v the 141I1, I went ;i!;iin cl.ul be tirM upon puLlick ri ioy( inp^<, anil
i'"i< fitter the C.htnfic talhion, .111. 1 imil. If.ivr but .1 Im.ill g.iriiUm. Aiul iiulci.l, .i||
•'^.'Vôt liini, .itKr lie li.ul uiviii mc .1 i).ir> to llie uli- ol it 1, lor the n.uives lo rdiic
jII 1(0 culloin-lioiilfs

tiK on the ro.nl, Ik' thitlur upon .my mvalion, there being
A/(r I) (11
c.iuli; I r.irry'ii (ôoiK »)l hulk, .mil .1 centineb loiitinually on high towers, to
flivc. Moii.l.is itw I ,il), haviii); taken a give niiiiie who .ip|iioaclu".. The ci-
boat tlui l>.i^l .1 u'""' i.il)l>m in the ty i» govetn'il by a y^nuiixii, or Miunii

Hern, I i.iusM my heil to lie niuic in it, iDtf, as the J''itlii{\Hi„' lail liim, who
.mil went ;il)o.iril in tin- cviiiinj^. All guards the (haiiiul with nine vellclsMill
the ni(',ht they rowM with the hyliiii, mann'd. l here arc olten barks reaily
or /./«, which IS .1 p.irticiil.ir (ort ot here to go over to ('.intiîi, liciaule thni,-
<ur iisM hy the Ciiiu-in, longer ih.m who ome by I liaaiul 1 iiul from M.ii.u,
^•1 the other"", anil pl.unl .11 tin llcrn, or w.mt l)ii()l in[', •• '"'I i' w-''' '"y nii-loitime.
.It thi- fiik', lupportcil hy .1 pin, or then to lind none, and i itterw.irJs weiu
bouml with ^ rope. Sovir.il jKitlons all .done in j'.reat villtl bound tor
,1 .^
row with it tlcxtiTDiilly, without ta- lo.im, wliiih was h.ill w.iy. doing aboai.l
king it out ot till- w.itt T, ,is other na- it .d)out lull letting, the wind w.is Co l.i
tions ill), but niovinp it Irom fule to vour.ible, that at mid night we 1 anie to
liile, whiili puts the \elUl ('orw.inis, an .iiiilior ne.u th.ii pl.iii. .\ll the w.iv
.inil one Inch o.ir iloes more work thm was .ilong a llill (h.iniul .iniidll greui
tour others. Wlure there .ire lliu.ils, fu Ids ol rice, but it is Imai! than ours,
they fhove the lio.its torw.inl will) red, and rourle.
]K)li;<. At miii-ni^'.lit we c.ime to an // V,//.v/(7.;v the 17th, I walk'd aboi.'
.mi hor. Tw.'.V/v the idth, early we to lee SiloiiM, and lound it a grc.r.
lail'il, holilini^ on our way tliriiui^^h .1 wood inhabiteil, there liting l"u( h a
channel lett by the .-iiliatent illantls. ft miihitude ol trees. 'I'he houles of llor.i,
is true, there is another wider channel or brick, hut low, .liter their maniu'r.
more to usM by pre.it (hips, lor
lea, The compals ot the t')\vn w.is above
by liiul there is no t;oinp btyonil O.iii- thiee miles; bclides, there are tin li luinv
joH. 1 Living paIsM by lo ni.my illaiuls Ix-rs of ho.its, that they almoll made
thai they IcemM quite to bloik up the another town. A ALiiuliirinr govern\
way, we entcr'il a river ot trelli water, here. On the oppoliti lide ot the ch.in
wliiiii ll.ignateil in leveral plaees ,imon;; nel was another city i.illM S.ii.i.i, niiicli
the illmils, ami was ai leall h.ill a mile greater, and better built, under anolim
over. Wc Oji jlin, or Anion,
arriv'il at M,iH(hiniii\ I'his til Olid bo.it coll hir
.ts the Portiiîny pronouiue it, beiore li;< Ciiiliiui of A'.;/ A I, lh.it is, 2 j. S,'.
ni^hl. 'I'lie iliantls, anil country a« wliiih I mention to fluw how clicep tr.i-
bout them are ple.iliint inou^;h, by rca- veiling is in C.l.ni,.i.
lon ot the preennels of the lielils anJ IbmjUay the iSth, I hiiM another vrf .'
meiilows, whieli mij;lu teeil mighty lei, better tli.iii the toriiicr two, lor thi 1
flocks, not unlike /////^//.i, in //./A, but hail cabbins and galleries on the fulis,
:',
i
we law none there. Along the canal covcr'd with all conveniences. W'c lu
we met fevcral cuflomiioufe officers in out at noon for Canton. Several CVv-
l)oai5, whoput me to no trouble about my went along with mc, wlumi 1
my equipa[4e, or my flave, nor did they found very oblcrvant and courttous to
I'earch mir veflel, and I gave them in mc 1 and there w.is a cook abo.ird to
all a piece of eight. ferve the pafTengers, who drefsM meat

0.mfm Oanjhn is more like a great vill.ige after the Cbini-fe fafliion. The' the cur
t 'ty. than a city, having no wall, and its rent of the water was againfl us, yd
low houfes .ire for the moll part of the wind being fair we in.ide way, al-
timber, and thatch'd. The city is ways amidll pleafant fields and towns
featcd in the plain along the river, Ik- beautiful towers every where appearing
caufe the Chineft do not build on the upon high mountains. In theie rivers
high tor fear of hurracanes.
grounds, and channels there is taken abumlanic
Ir above two miles in length.
rc.uhcs of fifh, prauns, and the like, but par
The market-pLices, or Iquares in it arc ticularly a vafl quantity of oyflers, ot
large, with rich fhops, where arc fold whofe fhells they make glafs for tli^'
cloths, filks, callicoes, drugs, or fpi- windows. The river we tail'd upon
ces, garments, provifion', and other parted inio fcveral branches on the
things. It is defended by a vail ftru- right and left, its waters alfording tlinV
dure, along the fiJe, and on the top of people .-in cafy cominunication with om
the hill, being two miles and a half in another, lometimes fpreading abro.iu,
compals, which they call the fort, tho' and fometimes coiiv. .idling it lllf to iii./m
liierc were in it but live fmall guns to the way the more dilHculc. At lim-
IcttiiK
Cii w. Hf. 0/ C M I N A. '279
litiinc wi' ''•' f.iii'''iii «»n ilip ri(>l»i, ;\nil billiop afcimliii(^ly came to M.i,!", and »i»M»in
""'>•
oil llic Ml l.ii'iiii*, I'lil.iviiiH, aiiJ (itlicr pretending tli.it I'.mon, ,ind otlurpl.nes
Ircnrviry iwo dioule, wnidd
^•^^'^"
ll.itfly I't'i'i's H> Ik.' inili-s, in ( iun.t Were within iiis
III iMili ot wliii li we l.iw finlit, twelve, h.ive the atiurl.iid litlwr. to be f.l' |e<.l
or liliivn lurt'i <"Wi'r^, ;iiic)r(liii|', lo the to liim, .ind not to the vic.irs .i] ollo-
l)ij;ntN ol ihc lowii, hut .ill ol tlu-m liik, wlinni he lupposM to be rci.drd
l.iri;o, llroni;, .ind wiili JDOpliolcs, yro- by his coming. Hut thele tatlur* ha-
viiiciitly I'liilt l)y the Cbiiiij?, in calf nf vii)|» r.ikeii an o.ith to obey t!ie viiMrv,
my ait.uk IrDin .in encruy, tli.it the tilt y fly they ciniiot Ik- to the
liilijcct
(owiirmcn ii'tiriim vMtli tlitir ntKHli, in.iy hilhop, without he lliews the others arc
ilcti-ml tlicmlflvis, upon notice îven rec.di'd. \'Y(\n this account tin re are
tluni liy tliiiU- ih.ii an iluTc iipon(;ii.iril, every d.iy luiniiions .uid monitoiies lint
uliitli i^ only i" ihi'ie plates where there them, which do nut only dillr.iu lliof'
h ni> iDft t>i retire to. (•Ol) I rilij'ious nun in the frvice of
/•'m'i.'.iv the loth, we jnit into the p'Mt (ind, and the duty ot their million,
f •»/ e
o( r.//.'.'n»/, i
III at tun iiliiif;, having hut lilUii the brotherly .iHiCtion they
liiii all ninhi at aiirlmr near that tity. ought to h.ive tor one another, tor they
JltTC the re lb ihanml and the lalt, on
I .ire ,dl divided into !aflions, tliole al-
v.hirh we lailM, meet, .iml tonn th.it leidy mention'd for the vic.irs, and the >'
pcnintiil.i on the pînt ot which Miui'i 'Jrjiiin on the oihir fide lor the ill op i I
ll.inJs, iKim; .ilioiit I'll miles ilillant variances will known at 'he lourt -l
(loni Canihii, Icr the w.iy is not llr.iit, U'lHK', will re the rvnvly i'- to he .ij<-
we havin;; in.nle a I'fniii iri.lc hcc.uili ot I'ly'd to prevent the li.ind.d ih.it m.i/
the wiiuliM[; of the rivtr. I went in .i lie given to the ihiitli.n ('b:i.v.i: f
boat to the cuilom-hoiilL-, which

Ihiail loming thiiher during tl'oli.- tioii!>lr«,
was kept in a very (^reat hark, witli they all poliiively contludid, I wa' li'iu
v\
many cabhiiis in it tor the convcniency by I
his hiilineli t.) eniiuiie priv.itely iero

ol the oliicers, who lecing the Lljû s thole .iMairs, liime in.ikin!; me a barefoot
jiafs, ililih.irn'il me, p.iying only live r.'.)»»;,v7/r tiiir, .ind loiiie ,i li Mil.ir priill ;
linall |)i(ccs iliity, without opening my and till)' I did all I ')', 1 I to uiiile-
'\' 'l''
I
goo-Is. I'or the boat I paid alKJUt (ix c(iM- the /'/(iWi/ViW*; fithers, t •lling them
roy.d'* Sfitmjh, [if /' mi'.vn ruy.ih p!iiti^ the truth, 'j;.'. That I wa:, a .\'i\ipoli'
i: i> /bifi' /liHiiir,!, if royalt hr.ij!, hiil I. in, .ind tr.ivell'd only for ir.y own pri-
/ao. I
I went to the nion tilery ot the vate (Uriolity ; that his holii el', had noi
SpMvJ}} latlicrs, of the order of St. allow'd me a t.irthing lor my vo\,ii'e ;
h'liimi/, reli.lini^ upon the milfion in and that the le.ill delii'd to enquire I
C.intin, and in liie nrb, wlure tlu-y

llil into, Was t!ie bulincfs of their miHions -,
ha\e two ciiurihcs well idorn'd, main- yet nniove the IlKU'g
tlis could not
taiiiM by t'.ic ihiritaliK" allowance of ima;>ination fettled in them, and tlxy
the l.in;^ of S .ii». Ihey receiv'd me anfwer'd, Th.it fince there was firll .i
v;ry courteoully, not without fonie jc.i- palfige open'd into Clii:,!, no /.',;.;,//;
loiify, becauli' mv comini; was an unu- 1 ly-man, much lef. a Nfapdit.ui hail ever
liiil thing. I'or the better tinderftand- lit his foot there. y\t length, 1 bid
iih; hereof, it ii to h.' obferv'd. That the them fearch my goods, tor I would
city of A/.;..", bv rr.ilbn ol its jiovcr- freely give them
the keys to latisfy tl.ein
tv, hiving li.cn long without a bifliop, I had no fuch innruciions hut .ill was :
the l(-e .ipolbilirk has thought proper in v.iin. At the fiine time the Ji i<ii<,
10 ippoint viiari apollolick in China, as well as \.\\c l-'r amifunis con!ulteil about
'I'll I. bin, and Cochinbina, to whom all my coming.
r'le milPioners ami catholicks are fub- Canton, or Kanceni, as the Chiih-'rCwcm.
î;!l
H'd. Some prielts of the college of call it, is the iivctiMpolis of the pro- '"'i'"' "f
"""*"
St. Giimiin, in Purif, being pitch'd up- vincc .)f Kiuiiitiin, f.'ated in the latitude'
on to this piirpole, the S[<amjl.> h'raiuif- of 2 ^ degrees and •, minutes, hi inn,
i.u. , Jrr^tiHini.nis anil Dominic. ins nvain- too big to be gover'nd by one governor,
tain'd inV,7ii/.'./, by the charity of the it was divided into two by a wall from
l\iiig of S/iiiii, took the oath ot ohe- call to well, the old call'd Kruchin,
iliirice to tlie .itiirclaid jirierts. Now and the new Simbiii, dividing alio the
.iliout (our year'; fince, the prelencc of fuburbs belonging to it. Two gover-
.1 hilliop being thought abfolutely nccef- nors, as has Ix'en fiid, adniiniller ju-
;'iry, the city of .\lhao writ to the llice in this place, and are call'd Cbixi:-
king of l'or/u\!^.i!, intreating him to in- Ki's, having under them leflt-r ManJa-
and f. ;4-Bf-Sy
tercede with ihe ]M)pe, that the city riiies, captains, oflierrs, notaries,
might have a hilhop again, offering to other minillers. One Ci/u, or regent
jIIow liim a liiii.iblo maintenance. The over the political government is fuperior A
to
,Mlji:r
28o A Voyage round the World. Book I.
CfMELLi to thefe governours, and has two aflill- fiimc model, and fo the cities rcfenible
'''9!- ants in tlic execution of his office, call'il one another. There are tour principal
^-^^^/"^ Uujul and Sanfu, one of the rigiit, tiie gates to the cities, facing call, well,
other of the left hand. The vice-roy north, and fouth, the fuburbs taking
c.tll'd Fiiyuen, who governs the pro- their names from them. If the city be
vince, is above them all. Formcr'y a larê, there are more gates, but tlulc
certain family had this employment, four muft not be omitted. The llreets
with the title of jictty kings, or roy- are very long and llrait, the fiiops ricii
ttlets, but it is ten years fnicc the pre- in liiks, ihugs, and other commodities
lent em[)cror fuiiprefs'il that dignity, of the country, efjiecially in the new city,
upon of treafon, caufing the
fufp!:ion for in the olil, where the vice-roy rcfides
laft of them to have his head cut olF. with the foldiery, and courts aforefaid,
Over this vice-roy is a Tfunto, or vi- there is not much ; in other points, the
car-general of two provinces, who re- city and fuburbs are one continu'd Ba-
fides in one of the two prmcipal cities, xar or fair, there is fuch a multitude of
or where he pleafes ; n.t prefent in Chia- nio[)s.
pzunfu. This man in the political go- The vice-roys and other minillers pa-
vernment is fuperior to the viceroy, j.iccs are big enough, and all upon a floor,
and abfolute in military affairs, for he with their tribunals, and therefore are
.done gives orders to the Ibldiery, nothing beautiful, becaule tiiey are courts
which tlievice-roys have no authority within courts, witii the ajiartments and
to do. There is a Gancbiafit in the pro- rooms about them, and receiving all tiielr
vince for criminal matters, who punifhes light from them. In the old tity is one
all crimes ; and for the receiving the noble ftreet, having many llone-arclics
trmperor's taxes, there is a treafurer curioufly wrought. They have n; can-
call'd Pufuifu. For military an.iirs, there non regularly difpos'd on tiie walls ot tlip
are two generals fuborvlinate to the town, but only a ti.'w Imall pieces to fire
Tjli/ito, one of them commands the Tar- upon teflivals.
tar troops, and is call'd Cbianciun, whofe Sunday tiie 2ifl:, all the Cbinefi chri-s
autiiority equal to the vice-roys, for
is flians came to our church, and J wasi!
within tiie city the Chiiiefi kettle-drum, much edify'd to fee their extraordinary ':
which is a brafs drum, is beaten bctorc modefty. Tucfday the 2 ^d, I went to
him, and has thirteen ftrokes given fol- the old city ro pay ilic vilit to tiie fi-
lowing, as is praftis'd with the vice- roy \ tlier comniidii'y ot .St. Francii. 'I'lierc
the authority and dignity ot minillers I found a gooil chiircii anil inonallery,
being known in China by tlie number built twenty years before by the little
of llrokes. The
other general commands king (we laid lieforc tiie emjxror caus'd
the forces of the countiy for tiie guard to be put to death) who having a great
of the city, but h fiibordinate to the efteein for the did not only
fathers,
vice-roy, and call'd Titii. The generals build their church and monallery, but
have colonels or Zumpins, majors or facilitated the buying of a honfe which
Fulians, captains or Sccui'Ci, and enfigns was fallen to the en-.peror, and which
or Pazioa under their command. There the fathers got in the fuburb, at an
are in the city other courts, and in each eafy rate, to found another church and
of them fix clerks of tlie fix great coun- monaflery, where I then liv'd. //Vi/-
cilsof the imperial court, every one to nefilay the 24th, I went to pay the vilit
difpateii t!ie affairs belonging to that to lather Tunolli, fuperior of the ye/iiih,
council he is of ; of them wc iliall fpcak who being a MilaHefi, went ov^r at the
in its place' expence of the crown of Spain, by the
Th( fe cities and their fuburbs arc fo way of Mexico to Manila, and lent
rroii ot' populous that there is fonie trouble in thence to the milFion of Tdniate. There
CilttiK. going along in a ciiair. The tatliers he was made prilbner with the garri-
inifTioners lay this city and its fuburbs, fon by the Dutch, who carry'd him to
contain four millions of fouls, and the Batavia, where having recovcr'd his
provi ce as many more , which to Eii- liberty, Macao under
he went over to
roprans will fr und like a fable, becaule crown of Paytug.!!.
the proCe<5lion of the
they arc not us'd to hear of fucli num- There he was cinploy'd in tliemiflionol
bers. They may believe what they pleafe Canton. Both his church and monalle-
but I write 'vliat I heard from t.uhcrs, ry were poor, and in a mean comlition.
who tlcferve credit, and had no interell The SpaniJIj fatiiers of the order ot St.
m matter.
tiiis The houfes are low, ylugujUn, two years before this, bougl.t
t of ftone, or brick, without any
ither houfes to build their church, which
iîndows to the llieet, and almoil all they had not yet begun, no more th.iii
-ilikc, tor die Cb'inffes build all after the the French iatiiers of the focicty, re-
fidini;
Chap. IV. 0/ C HIN A. 281
ruling in Pt'kiii^, wliofc hoiife is near to loufy of the miflioncrs, and confirm Cemflm
the others. them in the opinion that I was fent by '^''^
^^^"^^^^
Flviiiîs
Near Canton appears another floating the pope to enquire privately into the
iitv. city in boats upon the canal, (or in eve- divifions in China, feeing I was going on
ry one of them whole families live with to the court. I am of opinion this
their beafts, and birds, each of them be- jealowfy facilitated my journey, wliich
ing as long as a galley, coverM with otherwile is full of ditriculties, bec.iulL-
bo.irda or canes, or clle with fig-leaves, the Portugtiefe fathers will have no Eu-
with eleven or twelve leveral rooms in ropean go to the court without their con-
length, to which there is a communica- lent. After the aforelaid jirecaiition,
tion through a boarded gallery, which the father-fuixrior procur'd me a cliii-
runs along both fides of them. ftian Chincfe guide, or conductor, who
In China a gentleman cannot go a flep was ripe in years, and hir'd himlMf for
a-foot, but muft be carry'd in a chair, a Tayes per month (which is fifteen car-
to avoid falling into the contempt of the lines of Naples coin, or a noble fterliny;)
Chinrfe \ hut the chair is to be had at giving him four pieces of eight carneli
a realbnable rate, and better than thofe to provide for his family. Tiircc days
in Naples. They ule no flraps to car- after he came to acquaint me, that he
ry them, but have a piice of wood nail- was known and had relaticjns it the
ed acrofs the two poles, which they lay court, and therefore could not cook
on their fhoulders bare, I6 that it can for me, and perform other mean fer-
do no hurt by cutting the flefh. I'he vices, and therefore it would be requi-
Cbineff will carry a chair fix miles for a fite I fliould take another, and he would
carline of Naples money, which is not full be Iteward, and provide convcnicncies
fix pence. for travelling. I fubmitted to this im-
Being refolv'd to go on to Peking, I pofition, hecaufe of his trulbncl's, the
fpoke to the fuperior of the monaftery fathers being fureties for iiim, and took
where 1 lay, to provide me a faithful a chriftian Ic-rvant eighteen years of age,
fervant. He being fuhordinatc to the to drefs meat, and do other mean of-
fithers of the foriety, privately acquaint- fices, after the rate of a piece of eight
ed father Tunotti with ic, to know his a month, and made him buy all nc-
will, and he being an honelt Lombard cefTiries for my journey, even to lamps. !
." -y'n
bid him let me go whereas had he -, I dcliver'd my Iw^gage to the father-
been a he
Fortiif^tir/r, iiad certainly ob- fujierior, leaving my fiave in the mo-
ftrufted my journey. Yet this my ."- nailery.

folution did not a litilc incrcafc the jea-
CHAP. IV.
The Authors Voyage to Nanyanfu.
HAving made provifion of viclual, length on both fiiies tiie banks, well
went aboard with my two Cbi-
1 built, but low. The other city I ;
).'cV lervants on Friday the 26th, late, in give it this name becaufe of its great-
' !.; Si'
the poll-bark, or packet-boat, lent out nefs, whereas in reality it is a village)

every three days by the vicc-roy, to is on the water, m.ide of boats, the
give the e.mperor an account of all that multitude whereof is lb great, tliat ic
li.ippens in the province, which only he ulmolt fliuts up the pallage of the ca-
a-i.l the two prime miniflers can do. nal. Every town on the land has an-
lor three pieces of eight, I had a good other to anfwer it on the vvater, the
fonvenijiit cabbin in that bark. It let poor people liking to live in fioating-
not out that night, waiting to be dif- noules on the canals, which crols all the
piitch'd, wiiich being done, we prefcnt- country, h'ufcian is a great trading
iffl
lail on Saturday, about nine in city, full of rich ihops, and the bell
!
ly let
the morning. We went out of the webs the Spaniards carry over into
great canal of Canton, into another lefs, New Spain, are made here. It has a-
f.iU ot boars, always in fight of villa- bove a thoufand looms for lilks, in each
ge-; and country -houles, amidll green of which four pieces are made at once. \i ;iii;|:i
ik'lJi. Three hoars before fun-fetting, There is no court of jullice in this place
we came 10 the city of Fnkuui, where but it is fubjeCl in all things to Canton,
t!ic culloin-houfc olficer, who was in a (or which fubordination, it may be call'il
boat, only look'd upon the mafler of our a village, but fuch a one as contains a
veflel'i pd's. The ciiv ! two miles in million of fouls, as all the fathers miflio-
Vol.. IV. C c c c ncrs
n
282 A Voycige round the World. Book I.
Gemelli ners unanlmouPy informVl nie. Here IK'dncfdtiy the i.^th, we went on tho-
''^9?- night coming on, the watcrincn put an rough places little inhabited, and fpenc
^^^'"^cnd to their labour, taking their rclt on the night in the middle of the river.
the guard of Xuantin. T/juriday the firil of September, the ca-
Sunday the 28th, we fet out again nal making its way thorough the midfl
three hours before day, always in iiglit of mountains we were fhaded by them,
of good villages and till'd grounds, for and came at noon to Tntesyen, a fmall
the Cbinefes are fo induftrious, that they wall'd town with a great fuburb. I.Acer,
do not only till the plain, but the moun- went into a Paged, where there were"'''
tains, cutting them out in afcents to fow great idols fitting with whiskers, and
them. Before noon we pafsM by the long beards, in royal robes, and with
town of Suetan, I'eated in a wood of Chinefe- caps on their heads, which are
truit-trces ; after which we pafs'd by an- high, the one half Handing up above the
other call'd S'wan, above a mile in length, head. At the feet of them was a fta-
both fides ot the fliorc being inhabited, tue fomewhat Icfs, fame
fitting after the
and no fewer living in boats upon tiie manner, but with another fort of cap,
water. We llopp'd at the- guard ot .S'«- and on the fides of this ftood two, as if
rsliiii. Five men row'd all this way. It is tlicy had been pages. Without the Pa-
tii#'ii'' 'ill!
very pleafmt travelling, both the green god was a llatue itanding, which had a
banks appearing as a man lies in his bed. devil's face, holding a launcc, and in
S.ilt tr.v A/o;;</</}- the .lOtli, before day, we held its left hand another with a casket in
vciiinz
on our voyage, meeting at every four its hand refembling an offering. Fur-
miles the guards of the canal, who have ther out were two horfes fiddled, each
a great boat mann'd with fire locks, and of them with a groom holding him by
a fmall gun at the he.id to purfue rob- the cheek. There was alfo a great drum
bers the emperor maintaining an infinite
-, hung, and a brafs beli like ours, which
number ot foldiers to fecure all the ro.ids is rung at mid-night, and ufual times of
in the keeping g 'ards at com-

empire, prayer. VVe ftay'd that night at the guard
petent dirtanres. Befides, ir is very hard and town of yanfeuean.
for a robber to cfcape ; for if he goes Friday the 2d, as we pafs'd by a Pa-
into his own country, he will be appre- god cut out of the middle of a high
hended, and if he would abfcand elfe- rock, the bliml watermen burnt fome
wherc it is not pradicabic, becaufe the in- papers, and fet up lights. The river
habitants of that quarter where he would was winding, and the boat drawn with
fettle, would not admit him, without ten a rope made of fmall canes, fo that wc
pilMilt'î'J^r families to be bound for him, and they advanced but little. Befides, the men
will not <\o it, unlefs a man be well fpent their time in cooking th"i. mear,
known. At night we lay in the town of taking it by turns
for they are fuch
-,
ZinjufHxyn, the walls whereof are a mile gl'ittons, they devour their meat
that
in compais. populous, has good
It is twice, raw, and then half drefsM;
firft
ilreets, and fliops, and a mburb on the for one turns and winds it in his hands
ris^ht-hand fliore of a confidcrable length another cuts it ; one wafhes, and an-
1. I tJI.-I :,
'» abounding in all things. other looks as if he would fwallow it.
Tuefday the 30th, the boat was tow'd Their firft meal is at break of day, and
along with a rope, asisufual, becaufe the fo they continue every hour, nor have
wind and flream were contrary. After- they any other God but their belly.
noon we cntred between vail high moun- Saturday the ?d, we lay at night near
tains, which open'd to give way to the the guard Paltu. The heat was troii-
canal. They were very pleafint, green blefome, which the watermen increas'd,
and full of but the water is not
rivulets, fetting up lights every night before a
good. On hand we left a great
the left litt'e idol, which was within iny cabbin,
Pagod with many houfes about it, among for which reafon I fbon put them out.
the green trees, and ferv'd by Bowzes. Sunday the 4th, before night-fall, we
Having a mind to eat feme fifh (which came xo Sciau-cheufeu, a city encompafs'd i. ,?,,,,
is not fold here, butexchang'd by weight by a weak wall, four miles in compafs '''"'''
for rice) my Chinefe fervants let it on to and enclos'd rhree parts of it by the ri-"'J-
boil with a hen, thinking to drefs me a ver. It h.as good houfes, and fhops af-
ilainty difh, but I threw it into tite ca- ter the Chinefe fafhion. Monday the -ith,
nal. Having pafs'd the narrow of the lifter fome chambers, the Man-
firing
mountains, wo lay at night upon the darine of the citycame along the llinar
guard of Xaycheu. Here the Chinefe' to take the air. Before him went two
tirum was buatcn all night, which the men wirli brafs drums, who gave nine
ccntincl did, to fhow his watchfulncfs. ftroaks following, two blue colours two
white.
Book I.T Chap. V. Of CHINA. 283
white, two maces with dragons heads at and another, one end of a chain ofSEMELn
is
the ciuis of them, being the imperial fquar'd boards, which pafiing through '''');•
arms, two executioners with Haves in a long wooden trough, one end of'-''"^'^^
tiieir hands, four mace- bearers, four o- which is in the river, raifes tiic water
ther officers with rcil and black hats through it, and is convcy'd in a chan-
without brims, and with two plumes nel along the field. A curious invention,
hanging, who made a noife to give no- which none but the wonderful wit of
tice to the people. Then came the the Chiiiefi; could have fouiui out. That
Mandarine in a by four
chair carry'd night we lay near the fmall place call'd
men, with three umbrelloes on his fides. Tauriycii.
Ten fervani) with fcimitars toUow'd Fiiduy the <)ih, I came after noon to
him, with the points forwards inftead Nanyiinfu, the lalt city of the province
of the hilts. Tliat night we lay near of Canton, on that fide. 1 went to the
the houles of Taiifu, or guard of Uyan- church of the Spa/iijh fathers mifllon-
lan. Ttiffday the 6th, we continu'd in crs, wiicre though 1 found not the fa-
the midlt of the river, having made but ther, who was gone to the villages of
little way, becaufe the current was ra- his million, I was courteoufiy rcttiv'd
pid and againll us. by the fervants, who treated me in tiie
fFaiiufdiiy the 7th, after night-fall, wc bell manner tlicy could. Nanyaiifu hN"i\,infu
came to Cbiankeu, a fniall village, which on the right of the river, in 25 "^''V-
litle
was as far as the firit boat went. Here degrees ot latitude, and 142 of longi-
wc took another Icfs, becaufe of the tude. It fliretches a mile and a halt in
current, and for want of water , tho* length, and is but a quarter of a mile iii^'
here two rivers meet. This boat had in breadth. Having taken a ch, ir for
fevcn hundred Siem, or Cbiapjas, which coolnefs,I was carry'd about it, and
make a piece of eight. We let out im- found nothing to plcile the eyes, be-
mediately, flriking into the river on the becaufe, belides that their houfes are low,
right, and lay at night among a great there are many decay'd and gone to
number of boats. Thurfday the 8th, ruin, there being large gardens within
wc continu'd our voyage with more ex- the city. There are abundance of fliops
pedition, coming at fun-fet to Tancoy- of goods and provifions, this place be-
en ; where, becaufe the river cannot wa- ing an unavoidable thorough-tare for
ter tiie fields, the iniluflrious Chinefc all commodities carry'd out oftheiL'Jth
drew it up by force in a bucket, two to the north, or from the north to the
men working at the rope ; or elfe turn- fouth.
ing a wheel with their feet, about which,
CHAP. V.
'tk' l^'eJji that mtijl of ticcejity be gone by Land, to take boat again, and the
Dijlription oj the great Canal of China.
:it
^Y fcrvanrs caus'd three chairs to being no communication between thofe on
M'
_
the
be brought betimes on
10th to the convent, one for me,
S-liirilay Nanyanfu and Nungnnfu, of which is the
greatell trade o^ the empire, it is carry'd
Vf'w
and two for themfelves. They are very thirty miles by land, the men ferving
light, being made of cane, even to the inllead of beafls, carrying good burdens;
poles, they are to be carry'il
becaulc and I may truly affirm in this journey I
Tnvciiiiigover craggy mountain.

a It is incre- met above thirty thoufiind. To feed
injihjir.'dible how nimbly thole chair-men tra- i'uch a number of people, the road is
vel'd, without refting any more than a continual row ot villages and inns,
three times all the journey of thirty where thole porters dine, for the va-
miles, trotting five miles an hour, with- lue of a grain of Naples money, which
out the cafe of llraps, intlead ot which is the linallelt coin. The
country where
they have hard piece of wood a-crofs,
. tillable is a perfect of rice, which
fieKl
lying on their necks, which cuts their ripens at all times, the land never ly-
flelh, but tome of them ule a leather ing fallow. I din'd at noon in one of
collar to lave themfelves. The way was thofe inns, and atterwarils relied in an-
like a continual fair, there was liich a- other, becaule ot the heat. Tho' the
bundance of goods carry'd along it, by mountain for two miles afcending, and
an infinite number of porters, and lo as far liel'cending, was very lleep, yet I
many chairs. I-'or in China, ail mcrchan- went it in a chair, becauft the men that
(Jize being carry'd upon rivers, and there carry'd me were llrong, and I fomcwhat
in-
284 A Voyage round the PTorUl Book I.
GKv.n.Li inJifposM. One J'ken, whilll he was (tho' I one days journey from
travel'd
169;. Mamiaritie of Naiiganfii, made the way Nanyan'it to Nanganfit) was made by the
Vy^'N-' through this mountain, but with tlie al- command of the Tartar prince Aint, or
filtance of him ot Nanyanfti, who in like Chublay. For the weftern Tir/r/rtn having
manner cut the unpalFable mountain on about four hundred years fince conqucr'd
his fide. In return for which gooti adl China, they fix'd the feat of their empire
the Chinefe ereiflcd a Pagod in iionour at Peking, that they might be more at
of thcfc two Mandarines in the mid-way, hand to govern their dominions of the
with their Itacues, adoring tiiem as idols. weflern Tarlary, which begins at the pro-
Being come oft' tiie mountain and ha- vince of Peking, and ftretches out as far
ving travel'd two miles from it, I came as the Alogut's country, and to Perjia on
to Nanganfit three hours before night, the Calpian fea and becaufe the northern
-,
and lodg'd in the houle of the Spauijh provinces could not furnifli the neceffarv
francifr-un, and tho' the father was nnt provifions for the fupport of th?t mighty
there, being gone abroad into the li- court, being at the fame time very
it
berties of his mifTion, yet the fervants uncertain to bring them by the fea, out
romplinientcd me with great refpeCl and of the fouth, by reafon of calms and
fubmidion. No niilTion in China is better ftornis, he employ'd an infinite num-
than this, maintain'd here by the chari- ber of people, who with an immeniL'
ty of o'ji- Sfiinifii monarch, who after be- charge, and wonderful induftry, cut a
ing at the expcnce of one thoufind pieces canal acrofs fevcral provinces three thou-
of eigiit tor lending a milTioner into China, fand hundred Chinefe furlongs in
five
punctually fupplics him with one hun- length, which make three hundred and
dred and forty more pt-r annum, allow- thirty Italian miles.This canal, as well
ing the reform'd yrancifians for twenty to break the current of the water, as to
fathers, tho' they have but twelve thert- make it the deeper, has in feverai places
The fame he does with the Spanijh Domi- feW-nty two
fluices. They h?ve ftron^;
vkans and Augii/Unians, who alio go thi- wooilcn gates which are Ihut at nighf,
ther by the way of Alani/a. The money and open'd Jn the day, for boats to palt.
they lave at the years end, they employ The pafTage through them is generallv
I4r ; in building new churches, ami ailorning eafy, but there arc fome few difficult and
old ; for the fineft in Canton, Nanyanfii, dangerous, efpecially that they call Tieir-
and Nanganfu are thofe of the Spanijh fa- Ficha, that is. The i'^teen or Lady cj
thers, wiio keep them very tlecently. Heaven, to exprefs its extraordinary
Tho' the Ji'fuits in Peking, Cancheufti, height. When the boats go againft the
and other cities, have revenues of houfes rtream, and are come to the foot of
and lands, yet they live very fparingly, this they are tow'd with fever.il
fluice,
,1
when they are not punctually reliev'd from ropes by four, or five hundred men, fan-
Pof.'iigii!, they themfelves having told ning ftrong cables to ftone pillars, in call-
!^ me, that the year before this we fpeak of, the ropes fhouki not anfwer. Being thus
:i.J
there were only twenty five Tayes a milTio- fccur'd they all begin gently to draw the
ner ililtributed, wiîch one pieces
is thirty boat by beat of dnmi, and then make
of eight, which cannot fuffice to main- a'l the hafte they can, whilft Ihe is in
tain four or five fervants, for thofe that the violent part of the current, to bring
have no revenues. Yet thofe of Peking her at one pull out of danger, and into
tare well. the ftanding water. They go down vvii!i
Having taken a chair, I went about much precaution, but more danger ; fall-
the city, which is the firft in the province ning cords to the ftem of the boat, wliirh
of Kiamfy, the mountain dividing the two they let run gently, whilft others with
jirovinces. It is feated on the right hand long poles, fhod with iron, keep them
of the river, being a mile in length, be- from daftiing againft the banks. Ths
(ides the fuburbs ; there arc many vil- canal begins at tlic city Tan-cheu, eight
Ki's^.tnfu lages on the other fide. The
houfes are miles from Peking, where there is a river
'"* of ftone, brick, and timber, low, and whole ftream is follow'd till it falls into
ill built, ftrects narrow, and the fliops another river near the fea, which they
not veiy rich, tho' here is a great trade run up for fome days. Next they come
MW Th^' qre.1t
'•"''•
by land and water, for
the river fliould flow with gold, to
that infinite number of
The great canal of China, which
makes that vaft empire navigable from
it were ncceflary
inhabitants eafy.
make
into a canal made by art, and after fiil-
ing feventy miles, there is a Pagod, callM
Fuen-xieu-miao, that is, the temple of the
Spirit,which divides the waters
caufe here
be-
the waters make no oppoli-
;
one end to the other, for the vaft length tion,but they run along it only with
of about one thoufand eight hundretl the help of oars. This water comes
miles, always along rivers and canals from a la ke caftwards through a canal.
cu'.
Cm A P. VI. 0/ C H I N A. 28^
up which they run a mile, atGF.wEi.i.r
cut by the ChUiefe, through a mountain. other river,
made by tiie '^''^
Hopping the natural courlo of the river, the end wheiiof is a canal,
^-"^""^
and conveying it to artititially to this Pa- Chinefe,on the fouth fide of this lalt ri-
god, tiiat wiicn it comes over againll it, ver, which runs towards tiic city Iloain-
one runs north, and the otiier liaif
halt' gan. From hence it runs through feveral
Touch. The canal in fome places runs cities, till coming to the town of Tam-
within the city, and in others along the cheii, not farfrom thence, it fdis into the
walls. It croires part of the province of great river Kian, halt a days journey
Peking., all that of Xaiiluiig, and after from the city Nanking. This was cer-
cntring that ot Nanking talis into this ra- tainly a greater and more wonderful
pid river, which the Chinrjh call, the yel- work, than all thofe antient ones we are
low River ; on whicli there is not two told of the Romans, Perjiam, Jffsrians,
days fail, and then they enter into an- or other former monarchies.
C H A P. VI.
The Voyage to Nancliianfu, the Metropolis of the Province of Kianfi.
SUiiiLiy the iith, I founil my felf fo every one to look out on all fides.
weak, by realbn ot a ioofncfs, that The Chinefe vary in opinion as to the
1 could not let out, iho' the boat was intent of building tlieni ; fonic laying
ready. yt/owiAjy the i.itli, I went aboard, they were watdi towers, placing
for
and the boat immediately Jet out with centincls in them, in time ot need, to
the ftream, amidit vail high mountains, give notice to the citizens of the ap-
the cit) ot Nanganfii being at the foot proach of an enemy. Others affirm,
of, and all round befet by them. At every city built tiiem to make their
night. fun fet we retted at the village of S:i- oblervations in footh-laying ; but I am
' maitn. Tuefday the i^jth, getting out of of opinion the main delign of the
S
the confinement of the mountains, wc builders, was to beautify the cities, they
met many boats, wiiich were lome hin- being for the moll part about tlie gates,
drance to us, becaule of the narrownefs and in fight of thofe that go in. I
of the channel, fo that we could make thought to have fet out footi, but the ill
but litrle way. Yet we came at night cullom of China, matie me Hay a day,
to lie at t!ie town ot Sinchiii, whole wall tor the cuflomdioufe olHcer to fearch the
inll the
foot of
is above half a mile in compals, with boat, who ul'es to fearch but once a day,
a little fuburb on one fide. IVednefday two hours after fun-rifing, fo tiiat tlie
fevenl
the 14th, three hours before night, we boats which come in later, mufl Hay till
f.ift-
pals'd by Nun-can-xicn, feated on the the next day. I went to lee the church
in call-
left hand of the river. It is a mile of the French Jefuils, which is Imall but
ing tluLs
long, with fuburbs on tiie oppofite well .adorn'd, and tiie houfe convenient
.\w tlie
h.mk ; in Europe it would be account- for one religious man attended by eight
m.ike
in
ed a city, but the Chinefe call'd it a fervants. I found not the fupcrior at
is
to brinfi;
horougii, tho' cncompals'd with a wall. home, he being gone to Tome fick chri-
,nd into
There are good fiiop«, and it is popu- flians. The city is feated on tlie plain
t!>
lous. As we were pallin:;, a Mandarine of tlie great hill, is beautilid, and has
er; f.iil-
went in to a fine boat, cover'd, and paint- good rich fliops. About it is a wall,
ed, with the mufick ot pipes and drums, and oppofite to it fuburbs on the fur-
wiiicli
;rs witli
.ind firing of Tome fmall guns. At ther bank. The houfes arc very good
night we lay by at Tanfii, or guard of after country fafliion, the llreets
the
them
ThN Snitmi. Thirjilay the 15th, we pafs'd well pavM and llrait. I plainly perceiv'd
I- the night at Xiianebeu, where tell the what a lolly I was puilty of in waniier-
K, eight
firft rain, fince I came into China. ing through llrange countries, with two
a river
Is into
I Friday the ifitii, we came in early to Chinefe fervants, whom I neither knew
they
the city Canih'')ijt(, wiicre, as in all other nor underflood ; yet having relolvM to
:h
cincs of this empire, there are very an- go round the world, I was oblig'd to
y come tient towers on the hills and mountains, go on without apprehending any danger
ter l.iii-
callM
which tiic Chinefe call Paiita, They are or misfortune that might liappen, there
about one hundred and fifty fpans, or a- being no other way of travelling, if a
le of tU
s bc-
hniit one hundred and twelve foot high ; man has the curiofity to lee and obfervc
i
Iiitne more. I'hey enil at top in a long things himfelf. I woulil have chang'd my
oppoli-
llniie rut in knots, ami are hexagons, or principal fervant in this place, bccaulo
,ly with
come;
oiuogons. That of this city had nine he was fomewhat bold ; but was tolil 1
llories, or cornilhcs, and fix windows to mull bear with him, bv realbn I might
I cana).
Cll',
Vor., I^', Dddil light
;;
286 ^ ^0)^^? ro««r/ f/jf lyorUL Book I. Chap.

CcKiEULiliglit of another, that miglit prove a juflicc had put out an order, forbidding
'''95- thief and worfe. the worlliip of idols, and had but a few
^-^"^/^^J Saturday the i7tli, after the ihfchargc days before bailinado'il rive Bonzes, and
of tlirec chambers, tiic two Mandiirinvi made another kneel a whole day in the
of the cullom-houfe came to clear the fun, tor not having obtain'd rain of their
boats. They fate as it were in judg- idols, as they had boalltd they could.
ment under a barach, or Ihet on the Setting out late on IVedneJday the 21 ft, av;;..
river, where there were three boats well we left a good wall'd town on the right ^"..
V't ' cover'd, with two great, and ten fmall hand fide of the river, it is call'd Kij.
colours, at each ot which hung horfe- (hiuyxkn, becaufe another river talis
tails, and mains dy'd red. Having into that we were ujxin. That niglit
done their duty, they gave us leave to we lay at tiic guard of Zitncbiantan.''''
depart. Wc
fet out two hours bttbre I'biirjday the 2 2d, we left the town of "
noon. Our way was along a rocky ri- Sbi.ikianxirn on where a long.^'.j;.
tlie lelr,
ver, where tlic boat was in danger, but wall begins in the Ibuth, and rifing up''''''
the banks were well inhabited. At night a high mountain, runs along feveral
wc came to tlie guard, or village of mountains bare of trees, and winding
ytud-in. Jeidhin. Suihlay the iKth, continuing on the other fide, goes down againlt the
hi:^
our voyage along the fame river Hill north, being above four miles in length,
rocky, hours before night wc Ictt
tiiree anil all to no purpole, there being no
Ciuiivgim- on the right fhorc Guaiiganxien, a city cn- habitation on thole mountains. Yet 1
it xkf. coniji.ifsM with a wall near a mile .ibout, judg'd that great ilrudture might he
almod fquare.
.-ind It w.is late when wc made to fliut up the cattle on the nioun-
came to Pccianzun, a town on the right tain in time of war. Upon tlve river
zun. an number of
hand fliore another call'd Sdaiic/jcu, be-
•, is infinite boats, which
Sijjmha.
ing on the oppofite bank. It was hard for all forts of carriage, the build-
fcr\x-
to reckon the miles svc went, becaule ing and hire of them teing both cheap
the boat went How, and there was but for they are made of planks, rudely put
one or two oars vis'd, one at the ilcrn, together, being wide below, and co-
and another on the fide, which play'd in vcr'ii with canes carefully tplit, of which
the water without ever 'icing taken out they alio make fails, conlage, and mails,
of it. This the Portnguefe call Lio Lw, Cbina abounding in them, and there be-
and tiic Cbinefe in that province Jaiinu. ing abundance of timber faftncd toge-
Bcfides, the river had many windings, fo ther, drawn along this river. Kvery
that we had double the way to go. Tiie man here is cmploy'd to get his living
Cbinffe meafure it by Lij, each of whicli cither on the land or water, and they
istwo hundred and fixty pates, thirteen apply themlelvcs to it lb indullrioufly,
of ihcm making a SptimJ/j league. that the very Europeans admire the va-
Mctidits tiie 191!), about noon I fiw riety of their workmanfhip, and their in- i-t '
on the Ici'c hand lliorc the town of Tr/v.v- vcntions for fiihing, for bcfides all ours/' -
oxien, by a good wall a mile
cnclos'd which they ufe, they have others peculi:ir
in length, with two towers on the fides, to themlelvcs ; as for intfance, the mil-
Ilî
mmi'm : and
at
another two miles off.
r.iic
lay
guard of the village of Tunchiii-
We king linall woods of
midille of the river, thus drawing the
little trees in the
Hfli
Tfmth'mp,}. pa. '/'uriday the 20th, early wc pafs'd to the fliade, to enclofe them in walls of
Chijta- by a great village call'd Chiancialu, on canes, and lb catch them. They alio
atu. the right hand fide of the river, oppo- catch abundance of birds, which they rail
PffibUi.i. fitc to which was another call'd Pfjibi- Lugzu, and are fca-crows; theic diving
ata. After which I faw many more, par- under water take fmall, and great lifli,
[Jirii'ii.
ticularly Juufu. After noon wc came to putting out their eyes with their beaks
A:i;r.a«/u where father Gregory Ibaiwz of
Kignatifu, but they can only fwallow the fmallcll,
''"•''•
Valencia, and miflioner ot the Francij- becaufe the ingenious Cbinefe, tie a
Lain fending his chair for me, I went to llring about their necks, which will
his houTe, where I refted that day and not allow them to open to fwallow the
night, all the Chinefe chriftians coming larger, and lb they take them. This i<
to iec me. This houfe had been bought a very plcalant way of filliing, and
tour years before, nor was there any much us'd in China \ every fidicr-maii
church built as yet, but mafs was fiid keeping feveral birds for this purjiolir
in a little chappcl. This city is on the without any charge. Others employ
li'tt of the river, and large, being a themfelves in the lame river near the
league long, including the fbuth fuburb. city, in fifting the flmd to take up fil-
About it is a good wall, and the flrerts ver brafs, or iron, for it is not alio\f
and fliops arc good. Father Ihanez told ten years fince the coin call'd 7,ieii, orCoin.
me, that the Chixcrt, or Mandarine of Cbiappe, was brought up, it being the
CjlloiU
; :
Book I. CtfAP. vir. Of CHINA. 287

ciillom before to cut bits of lilver, f(> continu'd our voyage on Saturday theGsMPiLi
that it was often loll about the houfe in 24th, through a country well peopled, ''"'^1^
clult, and thrown into the river. In and having pafs'd by the towns or Xo-^'-^'^^
the
Canton they gave one tliouland one hun-
for a piece of
fu, Juni.iy, and Ch'umjl.'iny, lay in that i
ilrcd and forty Cbial'p •, of Jamu-cbeii. Siitiday the 2;,th, early
cis^ht, but in the province of Kiaiig/i, it we pafs'd by the town ot Fuiichicu, and
is^not chang'd for abov( (even hundred rtayM at night in that of Senvii.
and the brafs mo.iey of one pro-
fifty, Monday 26th, before fan-ri(ing v/e KimHtm-
vince not being current in another. 'I'hat came to Nanchianfii, the metropolis of/"
(lay we ran between Ihorcs well inhabited. the province of Kinng/i. Having taken a
Three hours before fun fct, the wind chair, I went to the church, 'J(\ft'Us
blew lb hard at north, that it oblig'd us where I found not the fuiierior, he be-
to take up on ths oppolite Hiore to the ing gone fome days before to Cniilcn.
i.i,„»'<'.v.town of SincDiJhcn on the right fide of Yet I lay in the lioufe till all things
the river, which happens very often, be- were provided to go on. The church is
caufe that wind which is contrary to thole fmall, and the houfe convenient. This
that arc boui J northward, blows half city and province is govern'd by a vice-
the year. At
night a great rain fell. roy, and feveral courts. It is very
^ , ;, ,. /-V/V/.JV the beini^ able to go no
2:?il, large, but in the upper part there are
I.'. further for the rain, we lay at the guartl fiekis and garden?, for want of inhabi-
ot Kiihhwctnii. In fiich w.ather the tants ; and yet it is troubkft)nie going
country people here ule iialf cloaks, along the ftreets bccauli- of the throng.
or mantles, and garments made of the The fiiops are rich, alter the Cbind'e
inward rind of trees with hoods, which falliion, the (Ircets fcrair, and piv'd,
keep off the rain and cold pretty well. but it is in vain to lock for (lately (Iru-
During this troublelbme voyage my fer- ftures here, or in other parts of China ;
vants attended me very aHedionately, for as the cities here are all built by
efpecially the young man, who, tho' one model, fo all the houles are flat,
lie did not luiderllantl me, yet being low, and made of brii k, and nuid, th.erc
willing, cndeavour'd to apprehend things being very few of (lone. Tliiy have
by figns ; and in truth he did all things no windows to the flreet, but receive
to my mind, for the Chiiiefe are curi- light from the court, .ibouc which all
ous fervants, and have particular inge- the rooms are built. On the river there
nious way. They can do that with few is another city i 1 the boats of water-
tools or utenfils, for which crher na- men to travel about, and of (lier-mcn
and tliey tions require many. Had he L.-:: wil- that live by that calling. The Manda-
"
rioiifly, ling to come into Eutoic, I would liuvc rineshave (lately boats, with the (lern
tlic v.i- brought him with all my heart to fcrve and with fcvcral rooms
as liigh as a fhip,
tlicir in- I'l--!:
me, for I was never lo well waited on in them, curioHy painted and gilt, as
iill ours/' by any European. All meat in China wide below as above, to take then' plea-
peculiar is drefs'd with hogs-lard, for they ufe fure upon the river. In tliofe boats there
the mano butter, nor oil, tho* it be on Friday are many poles with red horfe-tails hang-
in ihe or Saturday 1 becaufe there is no oil of ing at them, aid drums and pipes; by
the lilli olives, but of rajx', or other feeds to the number of which things is known
walls ot burn in lamps, or in cookery by fome the quality ot him that is within.
hey alio very poor body. Tiie wind abating, we
they call
lb
rear
(living
lidi,
CHAP. VI'.
beaks
fmalleft,
A continuation of the Voûge to Nanking.
tie .1
icli will BF.ing weary of going by water, I fo that the pafTengers pay for all, tlie
rclblv'il to hire mules to Peking, water-men making their account before

llow tlu'
I'liis i«
as the fathers of the fociety ufe to do, they bargain, to make (lire of a good
when they come to this place, for there voyage. They would not take under fe-
n}^, aiiil
is no coin.ng hither any other way but ven Leans and a half, which makes ten
flier-maii
by water ; but I cculd not find convc- peices of eight and an half for fix days
piirimh'
nicncy further tlian to Nanking, fo that I journey ; tho' I had not paid (ij much for
employ
was forced to take another boat, which above a months travel from Canton to
ear the
coll me dear, becaule of the extravagant Nanebianfu, where I had three feveral
up fil-
duty the water-men pay at Fiicbeii, which boats, and the chairs. Tuefday the 27th,
t above
ivX-i\\
is not according to the goods, but the I went to lie aboard for coojnefs, anif let
y.ini,
bigncfs of the boat, tho' it be empty ; out IVcdnejday the 28th before day, lying
tiu^ the
C.llloiU
at
288 y/ VQyage round the World. Book i
Gfmflli at night ac a country-houfc call'd Cbcutu. but on the outli.lc a wall runs cncom-
''"?? T/jurfJay the 29th, we udvancci.! tcircc a palFiiig the top ot the mountain, ami
'-^^'"^niile, by rcafon cf the north wind. /•>/- taking in lome miles ot craggy ground
ilay the l.ill day of the month, the ianm bet»^.-en the two ends of the town.
This
wind continuinf;, wc made tour miles, is the firlf province of AW-
pl.ice in the
with much difficulty, and lay at the kiiii. IVedncjday the /;th, after a Hourilli
guard of Sancbcu. of muluk, and firing three gun,, ap-
('.ill lown The wind ceafing, wc ftt out be- pear'd the attendance of the tiillomcrs
times on Saturday the firll of O,'lobei\ ALindarinci, with leveral tablets, on
and came to the town of /'/«•/;, which is which were Cbimfc characters, carry M
on the left of the river, and moft of the by their ollicers and fervants, witli
houfes are built of timber and canes. flags,maces, and chains dragging alon!>
Ilerc all the purctllanc is (hipp'd olf for the ground, and with umbrelloes, aiul
the kingdom, and for exportation, the other enfigns of thi' country. Abo\c
fined of all China, being that of the ci- fixty men carryM them by two and two,
ty of Joachi-ii, in the province of Kiaiigfi, the Cbinefe drum beating now and then.
which is brought to be lliippVl here. In the mitill of this company came the
But it mull be obferv'd. That the clay tirftMandiirint, carry'd in an ojKm chair
is hiought from another place to 'Joacheii, by eight men, and at the enti of the
after it has been there bury'd alinoll an liroteliion came another of greater ac-
age fubtcrraneous wells, becuife of
in count cover'd chair, carry'd by other
in a
the air and water of that (il.ice ; for eight men. As they pats'd, the coun-
where the clay is dug, the work proves try people held in their hands flamii;;^
not fo fine. The

colouring we fee in flicks of fweet compofitions, fuch as
the laid purcellane not fuperficial, but
is they burn in the p.igods of the idok
after being laid on, is cover'd with the call'd Xian, and kneeling, bow'd with
fame tranfparent matter. 'l"he winil ri- down to the ground, in
their fbrehc.ids
fing again before noon, wc went away token of rcfpect. To fay the truth,
to Ktnki, a fmall village on the left of the the Cbincfc in grandeur, and civility,
river, where it fpreads a great breadth, exceed all other nations, every one
i|r;.<:..>
leaving many poc's about it. Suii.iay the m.dntaining his dignity with much cx-
id, fetting out betimes, we went upon a pence. Moll of tliefe men here men-
fpacious lake made by the rive., where tion'd are fix'd in thofe employmeiits
fome hours, we left the city Nan-
after continuing cullom-houle,
in the tho'
^jwan/u. ta/ifu on the left hand. It is feated at the Mandarinfi be chang'd, bccaule they
the foot of the inountains, and tho' not are paid by the king. Ihele two .Mm-
I;, ? 4il,; .
'. :'
very large is enclos'd with a wall. The darines late them down in a high galleiv
nortli wind blowing again at noon, wc on the brink of the river. The fiat
went afliore at the guard and village was at the end of the table, and the
of Sit,Ian. The voyage to Nanking is other at the lide. There were about for-
troubiclbme in this I'eafon, for the boats ty boats to be vifited, which panln^,
do not make above eight miles a day. one by one under the gallery, were thu>:
Mondavi the jd, having oblig'd the wa- view'd by the cuflom-houfe boat, ,Tn,l
termen to ftt out by force, the contrary the officers in it gave the maffer's name
wind oblig'd me to turn back witli twen- to thofe above, and the Xlandarine ta,\M
ty other boats. In the mean while the it by eye according to its bulk, without
Chith'jc went about gathering round peb- any further inquiry. Thofe inferior nth-
bles in the find, to make ule of in Ihoot- cers of the cullom-houle had a little
ing, inftead of fhot. cloth before their ilomach, hanging a-
^^'^^'^^^ f.uhi.i, o.' 7uc'day the 4th, we fet out betimes, bout the neck, and ty'd to the fide, on
.:
,Vj.7v.v. and pafs'd by the village of Taaiian ; a which were four Cbinej'e characters. The
little beyond which place on a rock, in mafler of my boat, to the end he mii;hc
the middle of the river is a high pyra- be tax'd low, took down all the cover-
mid, with a pagod by it. After noon ing, leaving only the bare body ot the
we came to Fiicbeu, or Xucb'u, as others boat, and covering the boards that nr.uls
call it, where we were forced to flay, the cabbin with canes. The culloinrr
to have the boat fearch'd by the Man- here pays looooo Leans, that is iifjcuo
darine, or cullomer. This towi is on pieces of eight for only a tcn-moni!,s
the right of the river, in fhape like an farm. The river being very deep Ix-
arm, rtuit up by the river and moun- fore this town, there is a great lilluiy
tains for two miles, it abounds in all manag'd by feveral cunning contrivanns.
tilings, has good fhops, and flrcets well There are nets flretch'd out upon lour
pav'd, and is cnclos'd by a wall, not crooked fl.ives, which they fink, and
only towards the river and mountains draw up by a pofl faftncd in the ground.
ill
CllAP. VII. Of CHI N A. 28p
In t!ic niiilll of it ii a w'll, tli.it tlic .v;V)/, on the riglit o^ t!'.c river, vvIiicii.OBMMii
(illi oiKi.' in ni.iy not (j;ct o. '
, anj lu'ing tho' open, lus a v.ail h.ird by it two "';
1 ir;^c, t.ikcs a great ileal, for tin.' tillicr- miles compafs, and h .1 pl.ue to re-'-^*'"^
ill
111. Ill llt'cps in A rott.ij;i: < IoIj liy, to tire to, there being looji-lioles about
lolc r.v time. Witli anotlicr loit of it to m.ike a defence. ///(/.;; ilie 7tli, con-
IH'ts tlicy tai\C a kind of lilh tli.it wri^Jis limiing our way by rcafoii of the width
aliovc 200 pounils ; the ChiiuJ? call it ol the river, we came foon after r.oon
Xii.iiiyu i it is much l.ittcr than our tunny- to Xan-kiiifu, a city on the left of xVcXankinfu.
but hard
lilli, the mirktt is always well
: river, a mile in length, and half a mile
llor'd with this and other forts. in breadth. Its liibiirb is two miks in
Hiving pot our dif('.ULli from the length, and has good lioills, and not
ciillomcr, my
boar aloiif, bccaiilL- it was l.ir Irom it is another little fiiimrb afur
empty, out a little hctore noon. \Vc
let the manner of a vill.igc. \Vh,itlbe\ir
turn'd it up with the lame north wind, is about the flreets,
fold is known by
bccaufe it was not there fo full aiâinll the nolle or tbund m,. le, witliout tl.c
us, and the river was wi !e enough, be- troubling himlelf to cry it
teller's tiie :
caiile at Xinhfu, the great river Kiiin fime other handicrafts do, every one of
nu-et.> it, after having waterM the pro- them founding a fevcral inllrument. I'or
vince of Sin/.'urii, aiul ruiininy near Nan- intlancc, barbers carry about a whole
1
king, loles itiilf in the lea. We were Ihop on a pole, hanging the pan with
beni;^!iteil at XiKiimdliin, a finall place the lire, and the bitbn at onL- end, and
featcd in a bending of the river, where at the other a (tool to fit down, and the
there is a number ot fillicrmcn, who other necefTiries, and are known by ;
,'A's 4
fit turning which they
a wheel, wiih playing on a p.iir of tongs. So other
lower, and hoilt a net, which they call trades in their feveral ways. All the
Panvi \ from wii'di they afterwards draw rctl of the day we llay'd 'at Nankbifu,
the lilli with great cafe with a cord, becaufe of the Like of Kinngli, wiiieh
ni.ikiiig it fall into the well, where the bo.its multgo over in good weather.
they find it alive
is a at night. I'his Saturday the Sth, we came to the village
troublefonie journey to an Eurnpean^ who of Jcucbiahm. Siin.lay the 9tli, proceed-
is not us'd to cat the CLiiirfe rice half ing along between banks well peopled,
lioil'd, which among thole ]ieople ferves we left tlie town of Tiik'u-n 01 the right, 7;v<,v,,.
both for bread and meat for they do ; which is large enough, and has a good
not make bread of corn, but only fu- harbour matte by a bay in the river.
gar-cakes and ViTimccUi, which is the We came late to Uxxfiwii, .1 great city,
Vsuflyu,,.
reafon corn is fo cheap, that you may on the right of the river, witii a good
buy as much for three Cfirliiies of tiie harbour, where the ciilloTi-houtj offi-
money ol Nîflts, which islets than eigh- cers fearch'd our boat narrowly after ;
teen jicnce, as will fcrve a man a month. which we went a fe«v miles, and lay at 'I
;•!'*
I caus'd biskets to be made to ferve upon night under one of the banks of the
my voyage, but fomctimes I wanted, and river. Monday r.\\<t loth, the lame wind
was forceil to get my (ervants to make continuing boillcrous, we were nblig'd •> !!a
me cakes, bccaiile the rice (lew'd dry, as to ftay at the town of Zaijjhi. Setting
is us'd there, without any feafoning, did out early on Tiiefday the nth, we arriv'd
not igree with my llomach. four hours before night in the great
TburjiL:) the 6th, we pafs'd by the fuburb of Kankif.g. Here the cutlc"-
town of Xien, feated at the foot of high houfe officers fearch'd our boat, but not
mountains, on the right of the river. over flridly. Having taken a chair, I
The wall of this place alio runs along went in it tome miles to the houfe of
the tops of the mountains, as has been Monfigiiior d" JrgoH, a Feiifliaii, bifhop
laid of the others which wall having -, of Nanking, by whom I was courteoufly
enclos'd
the river.
(if
it tor a vail ditfance, ends near
A
mile further, in the midll
the river is a high and craggy rock,
on which Itands a Pagod call'd Scticujhian ;
receiv'd. This prelate is appointed by
the congregation de Propag.mJa Fide;
with two other reform'd Fran.iflans,
which were father Francis of I.ioneJJ'a, a
mm
to which all the boats tiia: pals by burn province of Abriizzo, anil fitlier Bajil, 3.
IK'rfumiCS, and frankinccnfe, and fome Venetian, who very charitably ferv'd the
colour'd papers. At night we took up chiiftians.
our quarters in the town of Tun-lyh
Vol,. IV.
Eeee CHAP.
IS
,f M5.
290 A Voyage round the lyorltl. Book |.
C II A W VIII.
The D'jiription of the Iwpriii/ City of Nanking.
'.imiii, or Niuikin^, which in the pcrfons of good credit, but will not
^^ Cbinc'e l,ingu,i(ê rmnifics the ioii- oblige my fiU to anfwer tor to many
V^'^^thern court, lies in \i iliHrccs ami ^\ millions: Let the re;"' -'•iievc wlut
'
minutes ot north l.uituilc, Icitfcl tor the lie pleafis, tor I did nt them, but
inoll part in .\ plain. In the time ot Min- I have the books c , ihe empire ot
kiou k w.is the impcri.tl court, ai /V- China, wherein ever) city ot it is count-
kin^^ is at under tiie Zimbiiiti

prel'cnt ed, lo th.it lie who underflands the lan-
'Tantir. Mill .ukI Cbin is mucli the lame guage may ealily find out the truth -,
Mi'aloii ami Honrbon in Irancf, ami 67)/</« for it father H.trloli will have that empire
fignilk-s empire, or the time of I'uch ,1 to lont.iin three hundred millions of
placing the p'0|i|c, thole mull '.x- ujion the C.h'mfft
Pill..-. reigning family,
vêmlive cale lirll
tlic
1
C.biiiefc
contrary to our way ground, .md not in the air ; and in lliort
of Ijicaking in F.uiopf, tor the Cbinefc the villages cannot make up thi'' number;
ul'e to liillinguilh tiicir rtigfis by levc- nor is there any city in China like Sail
rai royal families by ti>e names of //;.<- king, tor Peking is much lelis. It is luic
<fue, Xjin-qu(, Keu-quf, &i". I'ather /.«» to be obferv'd, in order to the empire
Li'iomi'e makes A'anhiig to be torty eight L)cing lb populous, that tlie maxims ot
miles in coinpafs, the walls of it in his the Cbinrfe dilVer from thoti; of the hi-
opinion looking more like the Ininiers of ropciins ; tor there, he that doc not m irry ;
.,
.1 province than the boundaries ot a city t is look'd ujHin as an inconliderable ball-

yet, by what 1 couki coiueive ui>on ob- man, becaufe he iloes not rail'e his la-
fervation, it cannot be above thirty lix ther's feed and family, but fullers it to
llaliun miles about, tho' \I:jnjigmor (C be loft ; (o that if a man has ten tons
^li^'ili made it forty. 'Ihc walls that cn- they all marry, and take as many wives
compafs it have but a tew ballions, ami as they r.m keep, Ibme liaving no kU
not above eight Ipans or tv/o yartU thick. than an iiundied, including concubints.
Wiihtn this circumfereme tiiere are liclds In China there are fcarce any whores to
;ind ganlcns. 'J'he fubiirbs about the lerated, lell tlii'y corrupt youth, but any
city are not much kfs tiiaii it, including they find is levercly piinifli'il, which
makes
under tiie name of Nunkiiia, befides the all men marry. Tlic Cbiiif^f go not out
aforclaid fuburbs, another tloating city of their own country, to people otlicrs
upon boats in the canals. I laving ask'd lb vagabonds are counted infamous, wlui
liie atorefiid jjrelate concerning iIk num- omit to propagate their families, and pay
ber of iniiabitants of that vaft city, he a duty to their deceas'd progenitors, to
aiifwi'r'd. That teveial Mandnrini-s h.iil whom tliey owe their being. Tlic air
told him tiicre haii been eight millions and climate of China is excellent for ge-
of doors or houfes counted, in order to neration, and the women very truittul,
jiay tiic taxes, and allowing but tour lor I never law any of a convenient .ige
ibuls to every houte, they would as that but hati a couple of children by her, one
W.nniiin- prelate faid, make thir'y two millions in h.er lieliy, and another in her arms ;
t'troiin-of louls ; which I thought incredible, all tlie Cbinr/r women uling tlieir endea-
i.lll!-
and tlicretbre believing it tall'c, tho' it vours to be fruitful, to be as much in
came trom the mouth of an apollolick the clleem of tliC mother-in-law and hus-
i;'v<;i!.]..,^,
iDiffioncr ot the rclorni'd order of t>t. band us the red, for the barren arc not
/•>•</«(.' .1, and bifliop ot tli.ir lame city, admitted to table, but wait on them like
when 1 came afterwards to Prkiiig, I haii fervants.
.1 mind to iiear the opinions of the fa- All the iniiabitants of Nanking arc not r,.,,
thers of and telling them

th.it court, CbineffS, for rlierc arc many Moors come A
the vaif number of jvoplc that prelate out o\' Great Tnrtnry (fatlicr P.'jilipGrwui'-
had fpoke ot. Father Offono a Portupiefe illalluring me there are two millions of
anfwer'd, I ought not to look upon it as them throughout all China) wiio oblervc
a taliL', becauf'e a Frriuh lather of tiie it as a maxim, not to marry their daugh-
focietv pafTing through X,;nUii^ foiiie few ters out of their own race, lb that they
years before, and being aflonilh'd at multiply in all parts of the empire like
that infmite multitude of people, (aid, iocults. 'I'lie royal palace is within tlie-j-^.
'I'hat the city and fuburbs contain'd more cit.ulcl, wliich is on the ealV fide of tlicuc'
inhabitants th.;n all the kingdom of city, kept by a Tartar garrilbn, whieli
fr.'/jif. I deliver svliat w.is told nic by fullers none to go into it ; Ix-fides tlicre
I^^'OKl. BcifAP. VHf. 0/ C H 1 N A. '291
ii notliinf^ worth fiv'm^ l.tt in tlir p.i- a vicar gfner.il over two viic-royJ, ani!-"M«ni.i
;,. I,icc. I ill-' llrccti o( tliis iin|>criiil lity as iii.itiy i luit thele h.ivi; not
provinces H'v
IF"
i, are wi.lc t':ioii(^li ami well p.ivM ; the c.i- the power and prerogative of our vice- ^'^- "^^
tV'
f).\U nuny .uul ilccp, \\k houles low anil roys tor they cannot |)iit .my body to
;
licit, tlic Ihops rich anil well JiirnilhM tieath without the linience be conliini'd
with <ll other tl)in(;s
lores of lilks, aiul trom (Oiirt, tho' they do it indirectly,
ot value. \n fliort, chis is as ic were the by ballin.uloing lill rimir.. Is 1'; of it. i
•
rent -r of the empire, where arc to be Nor is it in them to fend a c.ovf rnour or
lounJ all rarities anil tiiiiofitip.s ot the Altiiiitariiii- to any little city in their pro-
other provinces. There the n\oll U- vince, which belongs only to the enifie-
moiiH iloi'tor.s anil Miiiuliiiines when out ror and his courts i and they tan only
ot employment, come to lettlc. Here fend a deputy, till lucli lime as the pro-
arc the hell liooklelUr'-s lliops anil choi- prietor comes from lourt. 1 o prevent
ccll hooks in them, the lir.clt prels, tiie as much as pollible all extortion, lor-
nioll curious worknun, tlie poiiiell lan- ruption, and tavour, the iie.ir nl.itions
cii.i<j;c
v in lliort, no city is lb onvenient. i ol gre.it miiiillcrs arc not allow'il to
anil worthy to he the i ,it ot empire, converle with thofe under their charge 1
were not the pref nee ot the emperors and thcrelore the Sniiti/ ac thi* time kept
neccllary on tlie trontins to oppolc their a neplicw lot k'd up in a room like .u)
ciic.Tiie-.. This is tlie city tor lilks, the anchoret, without fuing f.ilier'd to go
hell l)cin;j; made here tint arc km abroad, and giving him his meat in at a
tlirou;;lioiit the empire anJ ahroail, anil wIkcI it brin^ torbid by the funda-
1
the emperor himlcll is t'urniliril with all mental laws of the kiiv^lom, tor any
lie wants tor his numerous court trom man to have a comm.ind in his own
KnnktH^^. In the country there arc valt country, or to have .mv bolom friends
ficiils ot white mullu-rry trees; anil tho* in the province where he in power i",
they be liiLill, tin ir Ic.ives .ire l.irge, on I lay at home all ft'i-Jiii-J,l,ii the 1 ith, Fi"' /.in
'^'"'
which tlie worms tecil, wliich come to Ix-ing much tir'd .ittcr my journey. As'".
*"'•
lite in the Ipriiig, ami in torty days ti- far as their religious poverty v.ill allow,
nifli tiicir filk, all which is carryM to the houle and iliiinh of iholi- fitl.ers
I
-.(ii
be wrought at i\,viki).\\, by an inlinitc millioncrs arc decently aihirii'd. l hey

number ot curious workmen, who live pats to their apartmeiua tliroiph five lit-
SI upon this tr.iJe. There is alio a great t'c galleries or courts .'..lorii'd in the
ile.il wrought in the province otY.'/ti'i/f;^, middle with plcalant rows of flowers,
hut not lb good as tliaC ot A';»/^';;y. Bc- tor the ingenious Ch,>ir:? pl.int Icvcral
liiies the artiliiiil llik, the natural and ilowcrs along the crannies between the
wild is gather'd in I hole two provinces bricks th.it make the llooring, which
ot Nanking and Cbt'kii:g, wliich is made grow up as high as a man, making tine
on the trees by Ibme worms, and there flowery hedges on both fides. J hey
the balls found, tho' no body h.is look'd grow up in torty days, and Kill lour
after them but this wild liik is not lb
; months. The Ilowcrs are peculiar to ,"'.; ..''i'
valuable or line .is that wliii !i is improv'd that country, and found no where die.
by nrr. I brougiit o\cr lilks of both One Ibrt of them is call'il Kiquon, wliich
forts to llicw to ciiiious p^-rfons. This has li;veral fhajx's, colours, and Itr.ingc
valt cjuaiuity ot fills draws a mighty forms, but vi ry he.iuriful, liime being ', ",M
ir.ule, and a vail number of merchants of a cane colour, Ibme like a dry role,
tioin very remote countries, who carry others yellow, but lo<"t as any fleft filk.
it away in llurTs, not only to Icll, but to Among thole crannies there grows an
rxchanot' '<>r musk and gold, particular- herb, which tho' it produce no Howcr,
ly in the kingdom ot l.iiir ;, where this is very plcalant to behold, tl-.e leaves of
metal is moll plentiful tor tho* the Chi- ; it being in llie.iks, and painted by na-
«:•/(• hive gold mines, they dare not dig ture with a li\ely yellow, red and green.
(5 are not f,..;. under ground tor it, and only gather 'Ihc tulips growing about thole courts
vrs come.N.. ., Ibme few grains in tlic rivers, making are bigger than ours in huropc. Tubc-
(• Grvnal- trenches on the banks, where Ibmctimcs rofes are plentitul enougii and very
ions of they tind a little brought down by the fwcet, being mix'd with the other Ilow-
) oblervc Hoods from tlie mountains. crs in all tiie allies 1 fo that the eyes
r tiaugli- The city by rcafon of its grcatnels is and fmcU arc luiriciently entertain'd all
i.it they under two governours, to whom arc lu- the way apartment of the bi-
to the
pirc like bordinate hundreds of M.imimnes, for (liop and religious men. The church is
tiiin tlu'-c|,. „|, ihc adminill ration of juilice, belidcs fmall, but beautiful. They have ler-
z of thcuc' others who h.ivc no iL']X'nd,ince on them, vants tor conveniency, but not tor ex-
1, whicli but only on the emperor. At Naiiki)ig travagancy. The g.irdcii is plcalant e-
Ics tlieip relides \ Siinti', who is in the nature of nough and well Itor'd with plants, herbs,
and
Ii
•292 .'^ Voyage rotu.'d tic fforlil. Boou I
UiMki.ii ami tri'f«, for it h.in vitin, ixr.uli, ap- tlie lupcrficies of ir, which among them
""" jilc, I'oiact^r.iti.itc, iliciliuit, ami .ilnm- is common in all their Hones. Thry
^^^'''^îl.wKC ol lil,ii.k ami wliiti" I'm trees very told me the emperor h.ul given them
well tailed, ot wiiiili I cat a j.',rcat quan- thole chir.u'ters with his own hand to be
tity, hasin^ lieen ilcprivM ot tluin two (irv'd there.
yeati v lor in Chiiut tlicre arc ti'-iilicr On this hill Hood a P.igo,! callM Ciwi-^r
i(rape< nor ligs, cxcipt only in the mi.iii, with two other little Paôdi on the
loiiles ol liie latlicri millioners, tlic (idc ot the court, .md lever.il very dc-
Cbmfe niakinj^ little account ol tliem, (orin'd idols. 1 went into the great unr,
bccaule their other Iruits are more ileli- where I law one
with a face ol leveral
cious to lame ganlen is
them. In tiic colours like a merry .indri w, wiiich tlicu
an excellent lifli-pond, where the tilh c.ill'd Ci.ioaii. At his bark, behind the
live upon herbs thrown in to them. .ilt.ir, was another idol, call'd "liiii.-u, all
The "Jriiitti have a good tluirch at Stin- lîlt, letting with a club in his hand, ^
king, where at that time was a Shihun crown on his he.id, and with .1 bcani ami
t' !
Jatiier, and a Cljimjl. wliilkcrs. There vere two other idolj
AjjUIxII. tlmr/.l.iy the i ^th, taking a chair in very ugly and hidious to behold.
the nuirninj:;, went to lee two wonder-
I Upon another hill adjoining isatcni-T,
I'lil lnl!>.. One was in the Chien-lai tal- pic of religious men i by them callM'
iMi Jen to the {;round by its v.ill weight, its

li' if;ht ele\in loot, i:s diameter leven in-
XofJji.iiis by us Bniuis. 'liny have
goo.l g.irden and grove, (it 'n,^ into
,1
,1
cki'linf; the thiiknels, ilic oiitwani cir- fmall cliappel here, I law an idol callM
tunilereiKe twenty two loot, which con- yî/iin-liiKê fitting, and with Ion.;
traiUdgr.idually to liilt tin- height, where whilkers. 'I'he l.hinr'e recount film-
it again extended. 1 he ihicknels of the ami the relh
lous llories ot this Ihiie
metal w.is fix inciies and a h.df. 'Ihc two ColrJ/in's Handing, 01 e
are belidrs,
weig'it including th.it of tlic clapper, as with a Iword in Ins hand, the otlur
I was told, .ind believe to lie true, fifty with an axe, their bodies llain'd all o-
thoulimd pounds, \/hich is double that ver of lever.il colours. Thele they (,i!|
ol tlicfamous bell of Erjurl, which fa- and moll ot the I\it^f,J< li.uc
Kii:li\t>i,
ther KiiJir calls the biggell bell in the Inch monllers in them. I Living gone .1
world. They told me it w.is very .inticnt, great way up the mount.iin by llonc
and aci:ounted Inch three hundred years Heps, the li'.nzci came to meet and oi.ir
k :f. i
before, and that tailing vlown, there was me CL'ia, or the herb '/<.;, which ii I -
t'l .1, never care taken to replar it. fus'd. hen they
'J led me to the 7',;^ ,.,
A rtru- Near to the aforefaiil K^bien-Uu is a at the entrance wliereol was a llatii-
^liire on
U]uare llrudurc upon three great arches, in the habit of a ALnuhirhu', whom I
on which ll.inds .1 li.dl doors to

witli lix jutlg'd to be li)me remarkable man wii-
it. ^\'itllin it is a bl.ick llonc with an ihip'd tlieie by thole blind people lor
in|i;ri]ition (they call it Culm anti it w.is his rare qu.dities. Then going to ,i;i.
J Jlipported by a large beall, in honour other Pajriil law a n.ikcil idol of a gd!
I 1
ot the emix;ror then reigning, erected colour, who they laid was yûoijd, lu-
by the city in an acknowledgment for hiiul whom was another fitting ol li.c
the f.ivonrs of him receiv'd at two times lanie colour, cover'd with a garnii;^r
'-]: he pifsM through it, eight hundred thou- of white lilk, it li.id long whilkcr-,
Jand men going out to meet him. and was call'd y^winfi'ii. In the fame /',
PlArc of Next 1 went to lee the place of the ôd there is a pyramid, with leveral l.in-
i:i.(Uum.i-
liLillum.!-
,-n;^tIn.|,-i,,tii_i.,ns, where they made their lerns to br lighted upon fellivals. I licv
oblervations, when lIk' emperor s reli- ihowM me .1 very large br.ifs bell lian;;-
tience w.is at NankiHg, bcloic }yjn!o re- ing, which was rung by hand with a
niov'd it to Peking. I'his Hands on a wooden hammer cover'd with a clotli.
high liill in the nature of a gallery, or Keturning the lame way I cime, I went
terrace iijion pillars. It is open on all to fee another bell which lay clown in a
iides, and there arc about it banillers garden upon its fide half bury'il. Mim-
iinil liats m.irble to ihfcover ,ill the
ol luring the height I lound it fixtcin Ip.nis
city trom tiiat height ; the Chincj'e call or twelve foot, without including the rirji,
it yliiitiijniiny There I law another In- and a fpan thick. They lay it weii;lis
fiription in h')nour ot the emperor, c- eighty thouland Chiuefe Caiis {\ Cati is
rcc''ted the lecond time he went thither, twenty ounces of Europe) ami that when
wliicli was within a great h.ill newly thefc bells were rung, they coukl be
built of that country.
after the l.ilhion heard m.iny miles olV.
It was carvM on a black llonc, with J-'riiltiy the 14th, I was carry 'd in aTlê:
hiero;^ly()hicks, not cut into the Hone, chair fomc miles about within the city
u:
.Is is ufiial among us, but raisM above ami then went out at the g.ite of Siih
>htl(h.
n
Chap. VHI. Of CUl N A. '2p3
miifii, ilic Cl'mij}, as Ims hem l.ml, idol llanding, a'l.i on one fide ol her aCôMti.n
make tour priritipal ^.ttes to ait tlitir drum, which three men could not fa- ""'>
cities, looks lowanls
calling tliat whicli dom, and on the other fide a great bralV-^'"*'"^
tlic call Tun, that on the wttl Si, th.it IkII, whiih is llriick with a wooden
on the liiiith NiiH, ami that on the north hammer. In the tirll court a y\.\y was
Pe \ the gatei are of iron, ami tlron;^, aiicd by gooil comedians, tever.d tliou-
ami there arc four at cvry entrance, fands of jx'ople retiirting to fee it, who
one witliin another, the IhuCliircs ahout all Hood. I'hcre I Ihiid a little, andAivnn-
tlicm being a mutket-fliot in brculth. then went on to ti:c the tower, after J'''"'
Next, I went over the c.inal ami arm obtaining leave of the Boiiz,-, l>y pay-'"""''
ot the river on a good briiigc, to go ing a few Cbiupptti, a very incontidcrable
into the tiil>iirl» to the tower .imi tcin- value. It was all of purcellane both
jile ot Piiiiiigben-fu. Pan, in the Cbinefc within and without, yellow, green,
lin'.;iia{i;e fignitics or reward,
gratituiic, blue, and of other colours, witli the
, c^„ifi\i,Ofn a benefit, and Sh a temple be- i figures of many feveral id,)ls. It is an
yummii ci'ule a great Cbiiii-fe lord having allifteil odlogon, and about forty loot about,
ei ihf the Titrtar emperor to enter, ami polTels has nine flories, or apartments, divkled
Hi'-'"' hinilcll of the kingilom, and alterwards on ihe outlide by as m.my cornillies cu-
*"' quitting the world, and turning honzf, rioufly wrought, and tlie top was co-
:n;;; into ,i
li'i
Vi^'the emperor Tonlo, above three luindred vcr'd with brats, and a gilt globe on ir.
i.lol cillM ijj. years lincc, built that tower and tiinple to F.vcry ilory has tour large windows an-
vitll lotii; him as an acknowledgment. Here are fwerin;^ the tour quarters the wo' Id.
ol
lint f'.ilni- two gates to go in at, to a great court, I went up two pair ot winding flairs to
IV. 'lluiL- oppofits to which is the tirtt Paôii, the firtl Ilory, and proceeding from ihcncc
uliiii^, IIIC with as many iloors to it, alicnding to the u[)permotl, counteil one hundred
the otlur loinc Within it is the llatiic ot
tUps. and eighty three tleps ot a contlderablc
iiiM .ill (). a woman Handing, and on her fides lour height, betides five ttcps more, th.it arc
i: tlu'y (,i!l CdoJ/ui's call'd ktnkan, with arms in their without the gate, and there was above the
',;_^r,w'i li.iM' hands, painted of feveral colours hidi- lieight of thole ilcps to the top of the
int; ûw ,1 ous to behold. On the iipjx'r part, or tower from the place where I was to that
I
l)y lloiic hi^h altar, was an idol fitting with his I gucls'd it to be at leatl two hundred
•t anil ollir toiit on knee,
hisand all his body ot a foot high. There were nine tlories, as
which I rc- gold colour behind whom was an-
; has been laid and in tl-.e mi 1(1 of each
;
thc P,;^',,!, other klol of the lame colour fitting too. of them was a work like a pilaller to let
IS a ll.itu.' Going on to the fecond court, and to feveral idols about it. At the foot of
whom 1 tiic thiril, I law about tiiem the apart- the tower the wall of it was twelve toot
ni.in \M'i- ments of tlic lioiizn, th.it krve tiie /',j- thick, and eight and a half above. The
)copic lor ^5.,', who arc about a thout.md, ami live rtrufture is certainly artificial and llrong,
ng to .111- on their revenues. On the left fide and the mott ftately in all the call i all
ot a soli ot the or cloilkr, is an-
fecond court, the carv'd work being gilt, lb that it
uoijti, bf- other PagoJ, to which
tiiere is an afcent looks like inarblc, or any other carv'ii
j, ot II. >; ot a few lU'ps. In it I taw the llatucs Hone, the C.b'wffc being wonderful in-
H.llMltl't of two woumleil women, bark to back, genious at fliaping their bricks in all torts
whilkci-, the innermoll rtanding t()mewhat higher, of figures, by reatbn of the finenct's of
r.imc /',• of a gold colour, with tevcr.il little the welltempcr'd clay. I-'rom the top
vir.il l.in- idols at their feet, and about the Pagod. of this tower (which the Cbincfe call
, riiiv On the right hand, fifteen Heps led up of purcellane) is a profjx-ct ot all the
H'll lian;;- to three Pagods, in which were many city, and the famous llructure tor ma-
nil with ,1 iJols and montters, with filk curtins thematical obfervations, tho' it is a league
I I huh. iiffore them, (ioing on further, at the dillant. As I was going out ot the
nc, I wi'iu end of the court is the greater PitgoJ, tower, I law the Ronza going in pro-
ilown in .1 all covcr'd with purcellane of ft veral co- ceffion on their devotion. One went
MlM- lours. They go up to it through a large before with a tort of cope on his llioui-
tcin rp.iiis ..Rii Ipacious hall, above which is a porch, ders, next came another with a black
c;; the rii\i!,, which has five gates into the temple. cap on head fi.it on the fides, and a
his
it wcif^hs Ill-re arc niches twelve fpans, or three Chinefe crown in his hand. The Bonzes
(a Cat! is yards above the pavement ; on the front follow'd by two and two, ringing a lit-
that wIk'ii i)t high altar at a dillancc from the
the tle bell with a hammer, or a wooden
coukl U" wall, are the idols of three women of inflrument, and finging in a low tone.
>;old colour fitting, with feveral intcripti- They went into the lower part of the
rryM in aT't ()!i, before them, and vetVels of brats of tower, and fetching two rounds about it,
the city, .1 great value. About the wall is a great ailor'cl the idols that were in it. Next,
ot" A'(''.- niiiiiher of idols a-foot and a horleback. they went into the third court, and into
tMiiiiil which Iront is another female the Pagoil, which is in the midfl of their
\m jV. Ffff furthcll
294. A Vo^cige round the World Book I
GtMtM.ifurtheft apartments, wlicre the chief klol ihcmfelvcs, there bring a great caiihen
'"'5- is like .1 IJMibits, wlio fits, ;is if he Luigli'il. velfel under it, that nothing may be
^^^f'^'VhcTC PugoJs and idols in that
;irc otlicr lolf. 'I'ho* the Cbincfe ul'e tfiis method
place, which are not here let down tor to manure their land, which is olfenfive
fear of cloying the reader. to the nole, yet tlieir llreets are not lb
r.mi\nor's After dinner, I went to lee tl>e tomb dirty as ours in Europe, by the continual
tuiiib.
yf j1,(; lirii enipero. of tlie family of palling of fo many bcafls •, for there are
MinciMi. It is without the city on a no fwine to be leeii about the ftreets of
iTiount.iin, i;uardcd by euniiclis, who the city, or in the fields, tho' the Chi-
there lead a religions lite. It confilb nrj'e devour a vail number, five or iix
of a great hall handfomly covir'd, with thoufanel being tlaughter'd every day in
a place like a tribune or gallery in it, Nanking, betides the cows the AIoovs eat,
where that emperor's picture is kept and the goats tho foldiers eat. Private
lock'd up. I'he tomb is in a groit dug perfons furnifh this mighty thambles, tor
in the mountain, and the entrance kept there is no poor body but what breeds
Ihut. Monr.i^nior d' Argoli, the billiop fwine in his houfe, or boat, which he tills
told me, tha't it I ilayM in Ndiikirg till when tlie time comes to pay the Tfien-
a burying-day, which the allrologers lean, or tribute to the emperor, or up-
jiitcli upon as lortunate for chat tundlion, on any otlier exigency the tlefli of •,
1 flwuld Ice re\eral thoulanii tombs car- them being lb good, that it is given to
ry'd ; for the Chin.-Jc do no: only make the fick. During all tiiis time, Monjig-
them in their lite-time of llrong wood, and the two fathers his
niur d' /Irgoli,
and half a (pan thick, meat'uring tlK:m- companions, endeavour'ii to perfuade inc
lelves in to tec whctiicr they can
them not to go to Peking, becaule the Portii-
lie but after they are dead, the
at eafe, gurje Ji'ji/i/s would have no European look
bodies are kcfit Ibme time in the lioule into the llatc of that court, and if 1 went
fhut up in thole tombs, till the allrolo- thither, they would certainly do me fonie
gers appoint the day tor burying them. ill office. I aniwer'd, I went not to pry
Some tlclaying this mom-ntul ollice, tor into the affairs of their miffions, but
want of means, it bting pertorm'd with only out of curiofity to fee that great
great pomp and coll. court, and therefore I fear'ti nothing,
lliir.vn lie that goes along the ftrects in Nun- for I woukl go take up my abode in the
Jiinj. loia.^j^^^ ought to keep liis nole well Ibopp'd, convent of tliofe fathers. At length,
for he'lf often meet with porters carry- jHTcciving they (ould not alter my rc-
ing tubs full ot ordure to manure their iblution, they took care to provide wh.u
orchards for being in want of the liung
-, was necctliry for niy voyage. I might
of bealb, they are tain to make ufc of have gone on by water within half a
man's, which the gardincrs pay for ci- days journey of Peking, but it is a great
ther in greens, vinegar, or money ; gi- way about, wherefore all people tr;i-
: ving a better price for that which is come vel'ing froin Nanking by land, I rcfolv'd
' :^:^ of tlelli, than that of fifli, which they to do the lame. I lent my lervant to
know by tailing it with their tongue. the other fide of the river A7,)';, to hire
Nothing is more frequent on the river the horles we had neeil of tor our jour-
than bo.its loatled with that filth, and ney to the court ; who, with the alTi-
if a man lias the misfortune to be catch'd (lance ot a chrillian Cbiiiefe that went
; Among tliole boats, he's almolt tlirt'il. with him, agreed for five Leans, ami
ill"!*"' ;
along the roads there are convenient two Ziens, which is levcn pieces of eight
iSm^' ':>;' -i i'
places whitened, with teats, ami cover'd, and a half, each, and having given ear-
TO invite paflengcrs to alight and cafe nelt, return'd.
Iff;
': ' i' fj- -
' .
^;.' .
CHAP. IX.
T-bc yourmy by Lam/, to fhc Imperial City of Peking.
HAving retnrn'd the bifliop, ami the rn. Mis father was a prieft. We went
fathers his companions, thanks for together out at the gate I came in at,
tluir kind entertainment, I let out on calj'd Simuen, or weft gate, which is
SiKitrhix tlie I •;th, after dinner, k was not inferior to that we have delirili'd,
my good toitune to have the company having three iron gates, and a flrudiire
of Chinefe doctor, who had
a chrillian of lixty jwccs to them. Without it we
taken degree to be a Mandarine,
his took boat, and pafTing under the bridge,
who wanted nothing but money, without whicli confids of many arches, went on
nhici) no employments are given in Cbi- along ilio channel about the wails of
the
•Kl. Chap. I a. 0/ C H I N A. 295
the city. Then we chang'ii bo.it, wIkic w.?re all fmall but one. At night wcîsMrni
:i lairvy accident h.iiipenecl to iiio, wliicli lay in the town of 'Tanfican. By the •'"'>•
)i;nl like to h.ive llopp'ii my jounu-y =. way wc met a crowtl of palFcngrrs, aml'''^''^
whiL-li was my iL'rvant's forgtttinp;, tho' caravans of mules and alfcs, goir.g to,
toKI of it, .1 bouiller of bo.-inls covcr'd and coming from the court, ami little
with skins .iftcr the Chinejl' m.inncr, and carts with one wheel drawn by two men,
(hutting like a trunk-jiottm.intciui, call'd upon each of which they l.iy tliice or
fufrhi'ti, in whitii I had l.iid up an hun- four bales, which two mules could not
liird pieces of eight ; the uling
Chiiicf.' carry fo long a Journey. Moiii!:i\ the
thole tilings to lay their heads on to 17th, letting forwards again with the
lleep, 'ind keep their writings. 1 be- aforelaid 'Tartar loldiers, we palsM tho-
thouglit my Iclf of the mifs of ir, when rough the town of Siiij-kcii betimes. J./y'/tw.
we were gone an hundred paces in the This place is enrlos'd by a w.ill ot fc\'e-
Iccond boat ; but the watermen of the ral and a mor.ds,

miles, Then •oii-.g-
\-- 1'. 'li.r K'^P;
H- ly firlt were fo lionelV, tiiat tluy row'd up a mountain, we toiinil on it a r.ig^d
' '• after us, calling us to take it. i5eing of Bonzci. Thence going down a long
'
'
'•'
over the Kian, which is tlie grcatell ri- defcent, we came to dine at the town of
ver in China, and is in that pl.icc two Tacbiatiti-v, and having travtllM liiteen
miles broail, anil confiderabiy (k;p, we miles further, lay at night in the town
;',:. .cii.i came to the city of Piikrti, leated on of Tita /I.i'ianj'U.
the left of the river, two iiours before Turjllay the iSth, we travel'd thirty Chcipin-
nigiit, having travellM twelve miles. miles over the plains, din'd at .'.^/^/rt-vcllini^.
The of tliis place is ten miles in
w.d! it-mpii,and l.iy at Xk.-iidiI/i/. The hire
coinpals, enclofing hills, mountains, and of the mules is cheap, and the e.xjience
I .
plains,not inh.ibitcd, for the city has at inns is very imall, for eight Furtr,
but lew houles, the people liking better whieli make thirteen grains and a half
to live in the fiibiirbs which are very of Na/'/es-mnucy will lerve any man night
long. We lay in that of Tii-n-cbyu, on and morning. They that v.ill have rice-
the" bank of the river, where t Ijjent wine, pay for it a part, and it is drank
the night merrily with tlie Chlnefe do- in the morning hot boilM with rice, fo
ftor, diinkifig wine made of rice, but eating and drinking altop,- 1^ 't It is
fo hot that ii fcalded my lips ; it being troublel()me at full to an I'urofdiu to

the cullom of Chuui to eat meat colil, ufe himfelf to lin h i!vt, anii C./'-.'.ViV fire,
Ciiiliti.'^. and drink liquor hot. The ilo^tor's which has no fubft.ip.ce in it, but tonlilfs
over-civility w.is very troubleliimc -,
for altogether in porregc and heri)';. I'or
if the two ivory Hicks were taken up ro they eat the very malworis which we ufe
eat, a great many ceremoiii:'s mult be in medicines, and the worif of it is, they
lirll perform'd. If we met, if we gave, will have them half raw and cold, the
or rcceiv'd any thing, in going in or out, cook knowing when they are readv by the
in thinking, ami all other a<^lions, tho' fmell. Yet they think all welldicll, for
rii'ViT fo natural, Hill the C/:int-i? cercmo- they leave fowls for herbs, ;is niy two
ni.ilmull be obferv'd uling the word -, Icrvants would d.j, when we could buy
/•).',which among them is the toucli- a good fowl upon the road, lor three
thine of all civility ; for if any perlbn grains of Xiij'lii-morKiy. Rut t(. me, that
ncglerts making uie ot it, he is counted Cbineff tootl was not at all gr.iteliil, and
rude antl unmannerly. 'I'lie iloclor at I paid my hoH for ir, tho' I cat none, lay-
night did fo much importune me, to ing in my provifion of gammons of ba- >' M
make my two I'ervants fit ilown at table, con, fowls, ducks, and the like, upon
that I ( ondefcentled to it, rather than dif- flefli-days. //',i/;.v/(7rtv the n)th, wc con-
nhlige him bur was afterwards fenfibie tinu'd our journey over the plains, where
of
-,
my error, lor they growing

I
bolder one of the Tutliirs left us about halfway,

'im
with me on the road, ferv'd me ill, as the Other flaying with me and the Cbi-
fliall be told in its place. Tirff doftor, who both were very cour-
^.vw././v the idlli, iKforc mounting on teous to me. We din'd at Li>i\iiy-xi,-ii,
horfeback we eat fomcthing, and then a large town, enclos'd with a wall, and
going out of the fuburbs, ex[H-c!-ted there water'd by a navigable river, which makes
the company ; and becaufe the mule- many pools about it, for the Cbinrfr,
tiers, or fellows that let the mules and like ducks, love to live in water, or near
liorlesIfay'd a-while, a Tiular loldicr it. There is a bridge of boats over the
llrMck one of them over the lace with his river, and a good I'uburb on the other
w!iip, 1(1 that he m.ide the blood gulh fide. That day we met a MiW,liriiie in
ovK. VVc tr.ivellM all day without a chair with thirteen litters, in which were
drawing bit, over hills, mountains, and his women. The Chbicfc litters arc more
plains Will inhabited, but the houtl's convenient than thole of Europe, each
c.itry'd
z^6 A Voyage round the IForhl Book I
Gemelli carry 'd three women at their e.ifc. They Monday the 24th, we
out four hours fet
'^95- are carry 'd by mules, and afTcs. Having before tLiy, palling early over a large ri-
^-^"^''"^ travell'd thirty two miles, we !.;y at the ver on a fbone-bridgc, and having tra-
little town ot Dian-gian. vell'd twenty miles, din'd at Nuzaii ; go-
•Tburfday the 20th, having pafs'd the ri- ing out from which place, I fiiw many
ver over a ftone-bridge, and travell'd country-men, who carrying a net like a
a few miles in a plain country, we din'd paviilion, fallned to four crooked ftaves
in the town of Cucben, wiiich is well upon their backs, went about the fields
peopled by realbn of a river that runs catching of quails, which as they fly a-
by and maintains its trade. Here there bout are catch'd, the net being carryM
is always a great number of hawks, car- low. Then we pafs'd the river in a boat
rying backwards and forwards, for the at Uncbiaiikyai, where the other Tartar
Chinefi: are as great fporlfmen, as the left us to get before us to Peking. The
Per/tans. Having travel'd thirty five miles, Cbincj'e here are hardy to endure cold,
we lay at Xiian-chian, where our beds and tho' it Ix; very lliarp in the morn-
were of cane, as they were all die road, ing, they fet out early to get into their
liliMVii every man carrying his own quilt with inn three hours before night ; to tliac
him. f;!i/<iv the 2ift, travelling the fame mountint; on Tucjaay the 2:ith, two hours
Ibrt of plain and cultivated land, we before ilay, we din'd at L;«f/i/<'H, and ha-
came to dinner to the town of Nanfu- ving travt'll'd thirty five miles, lay at Sct-
chni ; where the Tartar, who was con- asc:ien. By way of refrellimcnt, the hoft
tinually beating the muletiers, ftruck one here ufu.illy has a pan of hot water ready,
of them over the face fo unmercifully, in which fbmctiiiies he has boil'd kidney-
that the other, for fear, fled to my apart- beans, and other pulfe, for pafl^ngers to
ment, covering himfelf with (traw un- wafli them and ilrink ol, \\\\f<; they havo
der the bed. I offer'd him fowl to cat, no Tea, or are not able to buy it, where-
but he would not have it, being of a as in the hottcfb weather, and dog-days,
fecff that eats no ticfli. Thus the Tar- thev never drink, or walh in cold wa-
tar flopp'd our going any further, flay- ter, admiring at die Liiropeain who ufe
ing there the relt of the day, after trait. No rice grows in tliele parts, be-
velling only twenty miles. About this caule of the coldnefs of the climate,
town is a wall three miles in compafs, wa- '.which I had felt for Ibme time, tho' I
ter'd all round by the river, yet the place wore a fjrr garment, breeches quilted
is but ill peopl'd,
except the fuburb, widi cotton, and t\iir hole with die
which is well inhabited. Saturday the 2 2d, hair inwards) wliiih dcfcd they fupplv
fetting out late, wp refted not at noon, with wheat, making bread niix'd vîiii
but having travel'd twenty five miles, lay onions chopp'd very iiiiall, whiih dicv
at the little town of Senfun. Sunday the bake in the fleam, placing flicks acrois
27th, mounting before day, after fifteen a kiulc that is boiling, to lay the loaf
miles travel we din'd at Taujiiany, a fmall on, which remains as meer dough as ie
town, and having travell'd the fame num- was at firll, and lies as hard as a llonc
ber of miles, came to Sucbeu, the boun- on the llomach. Other holls give their
dary of the province of Nanking, on that guclls thin cakes of dough boil'd, to
lide. The town is large, having a great eat. To make
fomc amends for the want
and rapid river that runs clofe by it, cal- of they ulc their Taufu, which is
rice,
led Xuaiixo, or tbe yellow River, becaule boil'il, mefs of kidney-beans, wl-.irh
a
it always runs troubled and muddy. The with him is a dainty, for this wretciicd
i/i: fuburbs which are along the banks, are fauce they ufe to dip their meat in. Tlicy
much bigger and more populous than make it of white kidney-beans poundcii,
the town. The river is to be pafs'd in and made into a \\\\\c, the north aboun-
a bo.u, but by reafon of its being fo ra- ding in them ; they alio make it of when,
pid, they arc forced to run up a great and other ingredients,
way, the ftrcam driving the boat, two IFednefJax the Kith, we cat a bit be-
mufket-lhots down, before it can come times Kiay-xoy, and about cveniiis^
at
to tlif other fide. As I was coming out went out through the Imali town of Zu-
ot' the boat I met father Sifaro, a Milanefe, xien, which has a wall about it. In thi"
clec^ bilTiop of Nanking, who was going fuburb is large fquarr tlrudurc, and
.1
from Nandianfu to Macao in a litter, with within it fcveral j'ag'.ds with Huinet.
only four ut' his fervants, to be confecra- The idols are of fb many nionllroiis
ted by th.u bilhop. For want of barly, fhapes, that it would he tedious to re-
the Cbine/e feed their beafts with black late the fables they tell of them. Theri:
kidney-beans boil'd, the country abound- is a good garden with tall trees. Al
ing ill them, and white ones, and thofe night we came to the town of Tuutan-
creatures live on them, as well as any other lieu, having travcH'i! thirty days. I count
provender. by
\\\\
Book I Chap. IX. 0/ CHINA. 297
by miles, .\n^ not by I..\s, as tlic Chiii:-je have gone their ftigc, will not ftir a ftepOiMnii
tlo, to obltTve the better
iiictluKl ; tor in further, tho' you beat thim to death ;
i(";;
fome provinces thole are of two hundred juft as thofe ot Salerno in iWifL-i. t>^'>J
anti fixty p.ices, and in others more, or lels. Tiitfdiiy of Novcvibcr, an hour
the ift
Ibuffday the 27th, early, we pals'd tho- after fun-rifing, pafs'd thorough the
wc
rough the city 'Jcnkuj'it, of the province town of Ki/iibfU, encompafs'd with a
of XMtung. it is fcaied in a plain like all mud wall, in whieli there is nothing hand-
t!\e relt, for the Cb'wefe
do not build on fome but a tower, there being belides
hills. The walls extend tour miles fquare, only a few cottages, and as lew inhabi-
and there is a noble llont-briJge. We tants. We din'd at Lcocbimi.iu ; then wc
din'd in the Iniall town of Causio, and fiiw the town of Fu,bi-)ikic; which like the
lay, after thirty miles travel, in the fub-

laft, has mud walls and hout'cs, and is
urbof the town of Uucn-Jhiiiii-fiicn. The worfe than Kinchieu. Having travel'd
town is not well peopled within the thirty three miles, we lay at niglit \n lu-
walls which are three miles about, there cbiiiny,where over the g.ite was a litik-
chappie dedicated to the idol, that pro-

being gardens and fields within them. is
/•W./((v the 2Sth, we relied in tiie fuburb tector of the city, which the Cohuy ule
the
of clie town of Tun{<iiikuti, and palTing in all their other towns. ll'rJufjihiy
through, found it a mile and a halt in 2d, early in the morning, we pals'd a
Iciigth, and a mile in breadth, but there ftone-bridge laid over the river of the
are many fields and ruin'd houfes in it ; town of Sbiale-cb;z'ii. Next we law the
the reft are of brick, and thatch'd. The town of Shiergb:nn, with a mud wall,
walls are of earth. Having rode thirty badly inhabited. After that, the bridge
miles, we lay that night .it Kuuxicn, a being down, wc pals'd over the rapid
fmall town.
'
Satui\li\ the i')i\\, about river of Tang^rxiii in a boat, and din'd
break of day, we went thorough the in that of Sbianke! Then we let for-
town of Tti)igoJ?ji,i, encompafs'd with a wards tor the city of Xtkioifii, which
long mud wall, but ill peopled. Then has but a few houfes in two ilrcets v all
we crols'd the rive-- -J'nngo in a boat, the tlie reft being fields and ruins. It makes
bridge bi-ing broke, and din'd at Tttn- a fquare of tour miles about ; but only
cbc-ny. Tiiat night we took up at Sbi- the north fide is bri.k, the reft being
pnxieii, having rode thirty tour miles. earth thrown up. Going ojt of that city.iaoljtrm,,,
There being no mountains all this way, I met a proceftlon ot iJ.oi. iters. Firftprotxiiiuii.
to bury the deatl on, tlie Cbinefe plant went teveral llags, c.irry'd bv men and
fquare fpots of C\;iu5 or other trees in women, on which there were painted
the pi lin, and place the tomb in the midft, dragons, panthers, and hafilisks. Two
covering them wicli h.eaps of earth. At kettle-drums were beaten bv two boys,
night there is a centincl in the inn, con- and then a trumpet was louniled in a
tinually ftriking two pieces of wood one doleful tone, by a man. Two other mea
againft another tor a lign, which makes carry'd a n'lonftcr fitting in a chair, and
travellers not flecp very found. Stiitây then came a great bier, carry'd by feve- \}<\M
the 30th, we town of 5;;;-
din'd in tlie ral people, within and about wliich there
/;V« and then palling thorough that of

;
were abundance of little idols of chalk,
Cautaiiccu, which has a mud w.dl, and is fome fitting, fome Handing, in frightful
thinly iniiabited, we came at night to figures. But in the middle fite two,
"l.ni-chiacn, after a journry of thirty miles. which feem'd to be the prime idols. A
'jMonJay the ,' i ft, betinu •>, we pals'd tho- mailer of mufick went before, with a
rouji-h the town of Ghinx'huiA, cnclos'd paper in his hand, as it were to let the
with a large wail, and ill inh.ibited. Be- tune, or keep time to the multitude tii.;''
toie noon wc din'd in the town of Cuf.npo. tbllow'd the bier. All the touiitry-men
Next we came to that call'd I'iitbio, which
by reafon of the conveniency of the ri-
ver, is well peopled within a wuU three
th.it knelt to, paid it ref[)cCt, but the
it
nobility and better Ibrt, make no ac-

count of thofe things and enter the Pa-
m
miles in compafs, and better in its fub- gods, as they would a liable, having
iirbs, where there are good handfome o- littlefaith in a future ftate. The Inn^
pcii places, and Ihops lloi'd with all torts here ought to be the bcft, as being near
of comniotlitit s of the country, and pro- the court, and yet they are the worft,
vifions. We there crols'd the river in a for eight days journey round about it,
which isfeldom paid tor, the water-
bo.it, becaule the Cbuuy refufing to increafe
men being kept by the city. At this ri- the allowance for a nights entertain-
>'tr logins the province ot Peking. After ment, fupper and altogether, being for-
a iourney of thirty four miles, we lodg'd ty Zieus, that is, thirten grains of Na-
at nighc in the town ot l.'iUibi muitt. In /)/f(-money, liating one third, the holls
tills ioiirncv I found alVt'., who when they give them herbs, and porrege, becaule
Vol.. !\'.
(j SgS hcic
'
298 yl Voyage round the florid. Book I.

Chap. ]S
Cemeili here pro^'ifions are dear ; anil tho' a man very dear. Our days journey was thirty
"'95' would pay more for better chear, it is two miles. i'WJrt)/ the 4th, we went along
'-'^'"^not to be had, tor the rcalbn aforefaid, the river of Xiunxien, to dine at the
but he mud provide abroad. After tra- town of Peciixo, which is well inhabit-
velling thirty two miles, wc came at night ed, becauli; of the conveniency of the
n to Rfjhilipu. faid At night we came to the
river.
fuburb of the town of Sankinxien. The
Tburfday the 3d, we din'd in the town
of Gpicbyaixifn, and then pafsM through walls of it, which are of brick, are two
that of Mauchia, enclos'd in part with miles in compafs, the place well inha-
a mud wall, and ill inhabited. About bited, as are the fuburbs, which are pro-
it are lakes and morafles. Having tra- vided with all neceflliries. Our whole
\:X m- i' vell'd above eight miles among thein to days journey was thirty miles. Suttirdiiy
lodge at night in the fuburb of the the 5th, we "aw the rown of Cbiocbeu,
town of Xiunxicfi, before - got in, I which, tho' encompafs'd by a mud wall, is
met with a funeral, the body carry'd in populous, as are the fuburbs. After pal-
a collin on a bier by fevcral bearers, ling over a long wooden bridge, and
with icvcral banners, or Hags of paint- two others of ftone, we came to dine
ed paper, anil Ihunding inllruments beat the town of Liolixoa. Afterwards
fore it. The town is two miles in com- wc fct out for the town of Leaii-xien-xie,
pals, but is thin of inhabitants. The wliich has good brick walls, a mile in
fuburb is good, and a river runs thorougii kngth, and went thence to that of CiiViw-
it. The country-women of the pro- fin-gbicn, after travelling thirty two miles.
vince or Peking, have a fingular fort of This laft days journey but one, was
hcad-drefs different from all ; others troublefome, by reafon of the multitude
for wind their hair twiftcd toge-
they of carts, camels, and afTcs going to,
ther, made into wreaths about the
or and coming from Pckhig, infomuch that
pole of tlieir heads, which they cover it was hard to get by them. Here there
with a cap made of black filk, or of are guards upon the road at every mile
cotton, running a bodkin through to or two, who throw up a little heap of
hold it fart. Others make a great knot earth in the road, and upon it a cot-
of it on the top of their heads, and tage of mud, where they watch at night
cover it -.vith a thing made like a difli, of for the fecuriry of travellers. Sunda-j
filk and gold -, to which fomc add., a the 6ch, after coafting along under molt
binding or fillet three fingers bro.id of uncouth mountains for twenty miles to-
filk and gold about the head, like a gether, I ;.rriv'd at Pding, hav-ing fpent
forehead-cloth. The
fharp Cbinefe fuf- two months and eleven days in the jour-
fer nothing to be loft, for the country- ney from the day I let out of Cunton,
men, before day, walk up and down the and having travell'-! 2150 I.ijs by land
road with two baskets on a ftaff, one from Nanking to PMng, anil ^2.70 by
before, and the other behind them, ga- water from Canton to Niinking, the Cbi-
thering rhe dung of beafts to manure nefi counting from Canton "to Pekii:i
their ground. Others with rakes made 5400 of thole LijSy each of which is
of crooked flicks, gather the itraws and 2 60 paces.
i">: t leaves for the fire, becaufe wood is there
CHAP. X.
*Tbe Defcription of tbc City of Peking, and of the Imperial Palace.
ty-^'Mn
^ Went to alight at the houfe of the he would be highly dili)lcas'd, becaule
^1 Atiiv.il .It
I which
Jffuits,
to make my known felf
is in the Tartar city,
to father Philip
he imagin'd that all Europeans were per-
'.ons capable of doing him great fcr'icr.
^!/-^.../
Grimalili, provincial, and the emperor's Befides, be'ng at that time,
that there
prelident for the niathematicks, that by two of his pages
t.he houfe, who
in
his means I might fee what was moft learn'd mullck of father Pereira, after
remarkable at court. He receiv'd me the European manner, it would be hard to
very courteouHy, exprefling a concern conceal my coming from him, becauli-
that he could not entertain me in the thole p.iges were fpies, who told the
monaftery till he had acquainted the em- emperor all they faw, and therefore they
peror, who would be inform'd of all had liv'd under n.uch reftraint for two
huropeans that came into Peking, faying, years thofe lads had been in the houle.
That if any were conceal'd, and the em- Father GrimaLli, and all the Portuguele
peror fliould after come to know of it, fathers could not but admire at :ny com-
Chap. X. Of CHINA. 299
inn- to court, niying, tlicy ailinii'd who a hook fold there containing the names Cemei.h
liiul ailvis'cl mc to come to Peking, wlii- and fituation of all tlie llrLcts, which is '^"^v
tlicr no European may come witliouc bought by all llrvants wlio attend Man- '-^^''^
being lent for by the emperor. I an- darines to their vifits, and the courts, and
iwer'd, That the fame liberty I took who carry prefents, letters, nicfCiges, or
to "O to the courts of the Grand Sig- orders to fcvcral pans of the city, and
mor° the king of Pct/m, and the Mogul, empire, and they are very numerous ia
brought me to that of Peking, thofe mo- all parts i whence came the pro\-crb fo
tiarchs being no Icfs powerful or jealous much in ufe among the Chiiieje, that the
than the emperor of Cbina. Father Gri- provinces furnifh Peking with Mandarines^
malili anfwcr'd, the politicks of that king- and Peking in exchange fu[);>lies them with
dom differ'd from thofe of others, and Lackeys and courriers, or letter-carriers ;
after a long debate, not only with fa- and inileed it is rare to fee a Mandarine
ther Grimaldi, but with tlie fathers Pe- that is a native of Peking. The fmelt of
reira, Offorio, and Antony Thomas, I took all the ftreets is that they call Sk:.in-gan-
my leave, telling them I diil not defire kiai, that is, the flrcet of^ perpetual rell ;
to fee forts, or any thing cllc that might it lies and weft, the north fide of it
eaft
ruiff a jealoufy in the Cbinffc ; they wai- being the palace wall, and the fouth fc-
ted upon me out of doors, caufmg their veral palaces of great men and courts.
Icrvants to wait upon me to my lodg- It is above one hundred and thirty foot
ing, which was taken for me in the Chi- wide, and fo famou , that the learned
nrji city. Men in their writings make ufe of its
;,,,„jac- Xunlien, or Peking is in tlie latitude name to fignify the city, taking a part for
kiibU of 40 degrees, 144 of longitude,

and the whole, and it is the laiiic thing to lay
Icated in "a fpacious plain, and divided a man is in the ftrcct of eternal reft, or
into two cities, the one call'd the Tar- to lay he is in Peki.'^. 'i'hc houfes are Hour.-'.
tar, the other tlie Chine'e. The firfl is low, i'.nd tho' the gicat men have large
Iquare, every fide being three Italian and ftately palaces, they are lliut up
miles in length, witli nine gates. This backwards, and nothing appears out-
city is inhabited by Tartars, and their wards, but a great gate, with houies
forces divided into eight brigades ; and on both fides inhal ited by the fervants,
by the emperor's ll-rvanis ami atten- tradefmen, or mcchanieks. Yet this
dants about his pcrfon, or belonging to Chinefe way of building ii beneficial to
his courts and councils, all ofticers ci- the publick, becaufe every th.ing is fold
vil and military being there. Tiic Cbi- at the door, whether to eat, for con-
vefe city (built fince the other, to conveniency, or pleafure ; whereas in Eu-
tain the of inhabitants,) is of
iiiultitudc rope a great part of the city is taken up
the fame bignefs,as the Tartar city, with noblemens houlls, which obliges
being Jour leagues in compais, but its thofe that are to buy any thing to go a
form is not like the other, bccaule the great way for it. Befides, in Cbina all
north and fouth fides are Ihorter tiian things to eat are carry'd about the ftreets
the eafl and weft, fo that it is narrow- to fell.
ell from fouth to north, which

fide joyns The multitude of people here is fo MuItimJc
Tartar city, from which it is di- great, I dare not name it,
that nor can "' i'<^"l'''-'-
to the
It has feven I tell how to make the reader conceive
vided only by a wall.
which together v/ith the nine of it (I ufe the very words of father Gahriel^'^'',''^'''''.,
gates,
the old city, make in all fixteen gates Magalbaens) for all the ftreets both ofc'/'/,.,, '.',/>.
Pckingh^s each of which h.is its fuburb the old and new city, are full of peo- 1-. //c.
running out in length, and it is feven pie, as well ones as the great, ="*'''^y"
the little
as well thofe at the ends of the town as ,,.'''"'•

Spdinjh leagues, or twenty one miles in 'i!'
conip.vfs The fuburbs are well inhabi- thole in the middle, and there is fo great ''^,"b>'%
tol, cl])ccially that which runs towards a throng in all parts, as cannot be paral-67.
the wclh through which all that comes Icl'd but by the fairs and proceftions in
by land pafles. Europe. If we will give credit to father

The great ftrects run from north to Grimaldi, a religious man adorn'd with
£
foith, and the reft irom e'.lt to weft; all manner of goodnefs and virtue, who,
they arc all ftrait, long, wide, and well- for his great merit, holds the firlt place
proportion'd. The little ftreets lie caft in the emperor's eftecm, I will then de-
and weft, and divide all the great ftreets clare, that aiking him concerning the
into equal portions, or quarters. All of number of the inhabitants of Peking, to
them have iheir parti( ular names, as The fitisfy my curiofity, he aniWer'd me,
Kind's Kindred Street, The Jl-'hile Tower- that both the cities, with the fixteen f 1-
Street, The Lio'ii, The Dryh'ijh, The A- burbs, and dwellings in bo.its, made the
(jurjitic-Slreet, and lo the reft. There is number of fixteen niiilions. Let the rea-
der
ClIAP. >
300 ./^ Voyage round the Pfôrld. Book I,
GiMBiLi der believe what he pleafes, for I do not of the firfl wall, but thofe on the other
"695. (Jefign to make this good , but Ican fafe- two fides are fingle. Over thefe gates,
ty^VVJly affirm, thisworthy fatlier is man not a and the four angles of the wall, arc
that would lie, and that he knows this eight towers, or rather eight halls of
matter better than any other, becaufc he an extraordinary bigncfs, and a beautiful
has liv'd thirty years at that court, and llrucfure, fet off witn a red varnifli ftrew'J
knows both the Tartar and Chinefe lan- with flowers of gold, and they are co-
guages, and their culloms to perfcftion, ver'd with yellow tiles. Forty Tartars
as mum as the natives, and difcourfes with two officers guard the entrance of
every day familiarly with the emperor. each of thefe gates, fufi'ering none to go
'\t
Befides, if we will believe father Barloli, in, but the Mandarines of the courts,
who will have it that there are three hun- who live within the palace, and the offi-
dred millions of fouls in that kingdom cers of the king's houfe-hold ; flopping
(adding an hundred millions to the com- all others, who cannot fhew them a little
jMitation of the other fathers of his focie- table of wood, or ivory, on which his
ty) it muH follow of nccefTity, that the name, and the place he is to ferve are
great cities mull make up that incredible let down, with the Mandarine' fcal, to i,
number, becaufc tlic fniall places, tho' whom he' belongs.

never fo many, cannot polTibly contain a This fecond way is cncompafs'd by i
confidcrable part of that multitude, there deep and broad ditch , all lin'd with
being Icver.d cities thin enough of peo- frecflone,full of good large fifli. To
ple, and many places uninhabited, as we every gate there is a draw-bridge over
fee in Europe. the ditch, except that on the foutli.
The em-
'^^''
emperor's palace is feated in the Within the great fquare between tin-
i^ror".(ra-mii.illof that great city fronting the two walls, there are diflinifl palaces,
('• I
iMc fouth, as is the cuftom of that coun- round and fquare, built for ieveral ulis,
try, where it is rare to fee any city, and purpofcs, being large and con-
'.:.;Mfe*i
palace, or houfe of a confidcrable per- venient. Within the fiime fpacc on tlic
fon but what faces the fouih. It is en- cafl fide, at the foot of tlie firfl wall,
clos'd by a double wall, one wiciiin an- runs a river, with fcveral llrong briilgcs
other, and fquare. That without is over ':., all of marble, except the mid-
fjxteen fpans, or twelve foot high, and dle arch, where is a wooden draw-bridge,
is of bricl: ; its length from the north all the other bridges in the palace lie-
J!"
m: to the fouth gate, is two Italian miles, ing built after the fime manner. On
its breadth, a mile, and its circumfe- the wed fid.-, where there is a larj;cr
rence fix. This wall has four gates, fpace, is a pond well llor'd with filh,
one in the middle of every wall, and above an Italian mile in length, over
each of compos'd of three (eve-
thefe is the narrowefl whereof is a f.iir
part
ral gates, whereof the mkldlemoft is bridge, at each end whereof is a trium-
always fhut, and never opcn'd but for phal arch of a beautiful and excellent
the emperor, the others are for all peo- flrudlure. The remaining fpace on the
ple that go in and out of the palace, eaft and wcfl, which is not taken up with
and Hand open from morning till night, thofe feveral palaces, nor the pond, is
except thole on the fouth fide, which divided into wide llrcets, inhabited by
ftand half fhut. Thefe are guarded by fervants, officers, and work-men belong-
twenty Tartars each, with a comman- ing to the imperial palace.
ilcr, and twelve eunuchs there being -, In the time of the Chinefe kings there
';:.?; :i
•
m
:^?ihi!ii"t
three thoufand foldiers
guard the gates of the palace and city,
who keep guard in their turns, and keep
appointed to were ten thoufand eunuchs, but he that
now reigns has fupply'd their place with
Tartars and Chinefe of the province of
m out Bonzrs, blind, lame, and maim'd

jieople, and all that have any fingular
Leaotting, who out of a par-icular favour
are look'd upon as Tartars. Thus much
deformity in their bodies. This firft en- for what concerns the outward part of
clofure is cali'd Xuanch'm, that is. The the palace, we mufl now fpeak of what
Imperial Wall. The inner wall, which is within.
immediately enclofcs the palace, is much In the firfl place it is to be obfcrv'd, Mirrtr
higher and thicker, made of large bricks that the Peking are not likej'-'-''
houfes in
:i: m all equal

battlements.
and adorn'd with handfomc
-,
It is an Italian mile and a

half in length from north to fouth, and
ours, high, and with feveral florics ; but"""
the feveral apartments of a palace arc
one within another, with fcveral courts,
a quarter a.nd a half in breadth, that is, all upon a floor, and to all of them there
four miles and a half about. It has four is but one door from the flreet, fo that
great arch'd gates. Thofe on the north as we for our dwelling take up much of
.md Ibutli fides arc treble, as arc all thole the air, fo do they more of the earth.
I'or
ClIAP. X. Of CHINA. 301
K I.
I-'or inll.incc, the firft gate of a pala.e comes to the emperor's apartments, theGEMFi.u
to the (tree:, and faciiiij; the fourh, has arches on mafly pillars, thr "f"K-
fuftain'd
within t.'ie court, Icvira! little .. 'jfcs Heps ot white marble to go up to tln'-^"^'"^
on both fulcv, whicli Icail into another high rooms ; the roofs Ihining with
court, through another gate, oppofite gilt lik's the ornaments of carving,
;
to that which is to the llreet, where is varnilhiug, gilding, and painting the ;
the fccontl apartment, which runs on to pavements, which arc ahnull all ot mar-
the thirJ, and that is larger, ending in ble, or purccllane ; and above all, the
a large hall to entertain llrangers. Next great number of various and llately
is apartment where the ma-
the 'ourth lodgings, which compole the llructure,
iler ot the houle refiJes, and behind that are altogether certainly beautiful, and ITt-'
anotlicr court, and fifth apartment, where atlmirable, and look like the palace of
liie jewels and belt moveables are kept. a great prince. The l-)\-iich fathers told
Fuither on IHll is a jîrden, antl at the me, that no lefs than two millions of
.„>"
cn>l ol it the lixih .ukI apartment,
lail pieces of eight would re-build a hall
witlia fmalliloor in the middle o( it. On that had been burn'd. 'Tis true, tiie
the eali: and well fides ot rhele courts architeclure and ornaments are not very
are the inferior lodgings. The fervants regular, and here is not the fymmetry
widi tiieir women and chiklren live in and beauty of the litiropraii palaces.
that which
next to the firll gate ;
is It is hard to know the number of con-F.mpcror'i
the other courts arc for the better fort cubines there are in this pal, ice for the ':';'"'•'"
ofolficers, and offi>.^s. This isman-

the emperor's plcafure, bccaule it is very'"""'
ner ot the houles ot the Muiulanws, and great, and not lix'd belides that they
•,
other wealthy people 1 but thofe ot great arc never lien. They arc chofen maids
lords of the tirlt ran!;, take up more of good birth by the Maiidnniu's r{' the
groutnl, and have larger apartments, provinces anil being once in the palace
-,
and loftier, anfwerable to their dignity ; have no more communication with their
all thcfe tilings being regulated by the parents. Their necelfary and continual
laws of the kingdom, which it is a crime folituile (for molt of diem are not
to infringe. known by the prince) the pains tliey
The imperial apartments within this take to make themfelvcs known, and the
inner cnclolure, cail'tl Cbuiii, fome will jealoufy reigning among them, make
have it to be twenty, alligning them them very miferable. Three of thofe
their particular n.imes, antl fituation ; that have the good luck to pleafc the
others lay they are tv.elvc, anfwerable prince, arc ciiolen to bear the title of
the ficjns of the Zodi, and there queens, and live after a tlilFerent man-
are tholi; that believe them to be nine, ner from the each of them having
reft,
with as many courts ; one wri-
every a feveral apartment, and a numerous
ling by hcar-liiy, antl not by what he has court. They want for nothing th.it may
fcen -, tor it is impolillile for any Euro- pleafe them. Their equipage, cloaths,
fr.!>: to fee them all, efpetially that if antl attendance are very magnificent.
'he women ; thofe only
being allow'd Yet they have no fhare in the govern- P. Migti!.
I,) be iceii, which the jcaloul'y of the ment, the Chiiicfe laughing when they;- 3°8.
lailern na.ions has made free for fuch hear that princelles among us inherit
,, a<; receive audience. I could defcribe crowns, and laying Europe is the king-
...;!iem by what another hath deliver'd, dom of the women. Thele are accoun-
. bar I reier the curious reader to him, ted wives, lb that
their Ions are le-
all
ijor to tire him with tranfcribing the gitimate, only with this difference, that
iaip.e relation. only fay, that
I lliall thofe of the firft are preferable to the
:\\\ tiieii- courts and apartments are up- others, as to the fuccelTion to the em-
on a line, with great halls of a gothick j)ire.
itrm'ture, wherein the timber- work i"- Within the inner palace there is a park
enough to behold, a great num-
l)cai.ititul cnclos'd with a wall, where wild beatts
ber of pieces of wrought-work advan- are kept for the emperor's divcrlion. la
cing one above another in the nature of it there are five little hills, indifferent
rorniflics, which looks very handfome high, made ot taken out to
the earth
ibove the rim of the roof. The fides make the ditch and pond. That in the
obfi;rv'd,Mirr;
lit the courts are clos'd either by fmall middle is highell, antl thcfe arc the only
not like'"''
ries ; but
''''" hnlgings, or galleries.
^
Hut when a man hills in the city of jr'eking.
Vol.. I\'.
ilace arc
il courts,
icm there
Ilhhh
lb that
imicl) of
JFOJ'
le earth.
I'Oi-
302 Book. \\

Francis Gemelli Careri. Part IV.
Containing the mofb Remarkable Things he faw in

CHINA.
BOOK II.
C II A v. I.
m-V'
Tbi' rnji/itiiig of tlv 7iiW Kalmkr ; the Ji/dit/itr gk\>i tk Aiithr by the
Mri,
Emperor of China ; md Ccramnki md l>y the Mandarines tipon pnblick
I;"
Occnjioin.
Servant of father Grmaldi (whom fourth, this lad exceeding the others in
the 6Vi/«i;,('call Md-lavtu) cainc llruCtarc ami coll. Before we tome in-
to ac quaint me that his matter to the court of this fourth hall, iatlier
cxpcctstl me, anil goin;^ immc- Grimaldi carrying the alman.-.ck liand-
tliatclv, I toumi him tlaii in a rich gar- fomely put up in a ca;ket cover'd wiih
ment linM with Lihlc.i, given him by the filk, attended by feveral MaiiiLiriiirs, and
emperor. 1 le toki me that morning was pcrlons of tjuality, a jierlon lent by the
a proper time to go with him into the emperor to receive it, came to meet him,
palace, bccaulc he was to prelent the em- ami having taken it with gre.it rcljx'ct
peror the new kalendar for the year i6<)6, and civiliiy, rarry'd it in to hi. miller,
which he iiati composM in the Ch'tnefe, l-athcr Ciriniiiid't taking leave ol the
the Tiiiitir, the caitern, and wertcrn Maudarinei that had bore him company,
!-.?'
4'i language. Having thank'ci him for re- told me, that io the end the f.iiliers
membring mc, and (or the prelent he might not fuller by my coming, it was
made me of an almanack, 1 mounted a convenient tlic emperor fliould li:e nic,
Iiorlelxick, and followM him. Having that fo when he tame afterwards to know
paiVd the tirlt cnclofurc, in which is it by means of the two pages, he li.ight
4.\:
the houfe of the Irnhb yefiii/s, we cn- not be dil'pleas'd as had happenci' be-
;
tred the inner palace through a great fore, on account that he was not told ol
gate guarded by foldiers, and eroding a a father of the Ibciety, who came fitk to
great court, on the fides whereof were Peking to be cur'd. Therefore he hid
lanes of foldie. well clad in gooil order, me wait, and he woukl introduce mc to
we went up to the firit hall, on one of his majelty, te.iching mc in the mem
the fides, upon twenty fleps of wj-.itc while the ceremonies I was to perform.
marble, and into through the fide-door,
it In fine, after an hours Ihiy, a fervv.i:;:
becaufc only the emperor goes up the cmic to bid us advance fb we pal.sM -,
Aeps, and in at the middle-door, which through lour long courts, hemm'd in
are larger and more ihitely. with apartments, and lotlgings of fcvcr.il
Ap.irt- This room was very large, fo that ftrudures, furpalling the lalt tquare hall,
v.eM-ni was fupportcd with-
befnies the walls, it built upon the gates of communication.
'""^^
^'in by fome wooden pillars, well paint- The gates through which we pafs'd, out
eil ami gilt, as was the ceiling. 'I'hc of one court into another, were of a
walls were of brick ami wiiite plailler, wonde'-ful bignefs, wide, high, and well
the outward roof was of purccllanc of proportionM, made of white marble,
leveral colours. This led to the fecond whereof time luul worn away the linooth-
court through three other front-gates, nefs and beauty. One of thefe courts was
and two on the fides, where on both divitled by llream of w.ittr, over
a llnall
liands there were houfes, very beautiful which are little bridges of
white ni.ir-
ro behold. Then was there an afcent to ble. In fiiort the beauty of this palace
another li.ill like the lirll, and from th.it confills in a multitude ol buildings
tliryugli other courts tc the third and courts, and g.udens, orderly pl.iccJ,
wla:c.
ClIAP. >.. Of CHIN A. 303
where, to r.iy tlie triiili, every tiling is lis our conge, and we re-Gf.itui
length he g.ivc
Till' fi"'
. wortli ()l)lcr\in^ ;iiul uonilcrful. 'i'iic without any ceremony.
tir'd ''"'i
emperor's tlironc was in the miilfl. of .1 lie was

in the 4:;d year of his age,
};|!^;j^
gre.it court. It al'cemleil li|u.ire, llic firib and the ^ :th of his reign; he is call'd, li ,„ ,,i',ho
b.ilii being ot ;in extraordinary bigncls, Cm- Hi, that is, Tbi- Pcaccjl'li: Hi,cini)<;ri;r.
uiul hcmni'd in
all witli hannillcrs of Itature proportionable, his Cv)untcnance
is
white ami very line ir.aihlc. Above the comely, his eyes Iparkling, and Ibme-
lirll or plain, which had
landing-i)laec what larger than generally his country-
liich another row of bannilten about it, men have them ; lomewh.it hawk-nos'd,
was a kcond in the lanu: manner, but and a little round at the point he has ;
){)mcwhat Ids in conijials, and lb it grew fbme marks of the fin.ill pox, yet they
Ul's to tlie filth alccnt or plain, where do not at all lellen the be.iuty of his
was an admirable open room or galle- countenance.
ry cover'ci with iîlt uks, and lupported Ti<efiiity the Sth, I went in a chair,
bv llrong wooden pillars varnifli'd. In which is dear in Piking, to fee the city
tliis place was the emperor's throne. towards the call qii.irtcr, and found every
'i'liole live orders ol' bannillers look'il where very beautihil publiek pl.ices, and
mighty beauiitlil to my eye, efpecially rich Ihops. I went into the Tun.ir city,
at th.it time when the fun fliining on through til,' g.uc call'd Z;,« .1/,y,'//, whicli
them, they reHected its rays all about. is it' the riidll of the wall that parts the
|[«v h; The emperor was within that beauti- two citie' the lame Marais P:,':'s fpeaks
;
1;;;.
ful chamber or gallery, fitting after th(; of, and which looks towards the king's
Îditiir manner, on a Sufu, or floor rais'd apartments, and the great gate leatling to
above the relt of the room three foot, them. Ami as tiie great g.ite of the im-
and cover'1.1 with a l.irge carpet, which perial apartments is never open'd, but
reach'd over all the p.ivenient. Me had when the emperor goes out, fo neither is
bv him books, ink, and pencils alter the this wl'.ich anfwers to it in the city wall
C7w(;/6' manner, to write. His garment o[x;n'd, but only the other three are for
was of gokl colour (ilk, embroider'd the of the publick.
fervicc There is a
with dra;.',ons, cwo whereof very large moll row of bannilicrs before
beautiful
were on his brealt richly wrougiit. On the gate ot the imperi.d palice, which
his right and lefc, sv\ie ranks of eunuchs encloles a Ip.icious porch.
well clad, and without any weapons, The col 1 i> very Iharp in Prkiiig, and Cllm.ite
t'leir feet cloie to.êther, and their arms tho' I be not very tender, yet I could"'"""
hanging. W hen we came to the door, not go out till it was late, when the f.in^')^!/^'
'^
'
we ran hallily of the room

to the end h.-.d gather'd llrength ; for tho' it be in
Ihat was oppolkc to the emjxiror, and 40 ilegrees wanting five minutes of lati-
Handing both together, coiitinu'd on our tude, it is excclfive cold ; fuller G>im:i/Ji
U'ct a nKjment, holdinp; our arms right alluring me that it is not colder in Polnm!,
liown by our lid.j. At lalt kneeling, in the latitude of .ô degrees, he having
an.i lilting up our hands, join'd to our had experience ot both pLices. This
he.ids, li) tint our arms and elbows were fliarpnels proceeds from the
in Peking
i)t an equal height, we bow'd three times nearnefs ot the high mountains, which
ilown to the ground, t;\en rifing, wo fct divide the great Tartai-'j, fioni China ;
(>.;r lelves in the lame po'.Une, as at firll, yet the hardell weather is not at the
a;id pertorm'd the fame cereinoney, a time when I was there, but in Jdimars,
icM^nd, anil a third tiinc, till we were the winter beginning in November, aiul
»>rder'd to advance, and kneel down be- continuing till the middle of March with- fm
t.iri- the emperor : Hy me.ins of father out any r.iin at all. During which time,
(I'linnLli, concerning the
he ask'd mc by means of the great troll, there arc
v.ars then Europe, ami I
carry'd on in brought out of the callcrn Tartar^, in-
.uil'wer'd to the bell of my knowledge. finite number of phealants, partridges,
Ihcn he ask'd me whether I was a phy- deer, wild boars, and other beaffs, with
(1:1 in, or underllood furgery ; and iin- abundance of flurgcon, all fo frozen,
ilerllanding that was not my profellion, that the beads will keep two or thrf.e
ask'd a third time, whether I had lludled months, and the phealants thirty ilays,
inaihcin.iticks, or undei flood them. To and they arc fo plenlitul at that time, a
whi^:h I anfwer'd in the negative, tho' buck, or a boar may be bought for a
in my younger years I had got fomc lit- piece ot eight, and a pheafant tor a half-
tle Im.ittering in them. For I hatl lx;en royal, and a partridge for two grains of
^'M'ii
l.newarn'd by the fithers, that if 1 own'd Naplei -money. From Mdreb till the be-
i underllood any of ihofe arts, or Ici- ginning of JiiMf is a perfect fpring at Pe- m\
eiices, he would keep me in his tervicc, king with little rain, but in Jiti"- md Jtt-
''•'«"
.lud I had no mind 10 if.iy there. \t /v, till the loch of Alignjl^ the rains arc JHII
plentiful.
'
304 yl yojage round the IVorUi Boo ^ II.
GiMHi.1 This n\in is ncccflliry to w.ifli

plentiful. vcr upon heartily, bccaufe it is not to Ix;
"'9?' till' Ibccts of all the mighty tilth tii.it g.i- teen.
0'V"^»'thcrs in tlicin, for '^r.ivc |)<.rfons .irc not All the princes and M.ir.J.irini-s, whof,,,,,
alham'il to cite tlicniiclvcs in j)iil)lii:k ,ue .It court, are oolig'd it. perform thei!' 1
jiUces. By rcufon ol this great toUl, all tame ceremony on the ill, i.ith, ,uid'-*'s
the women wear toits anil taps on their 2Uh day of every moon about five 7' 1
heaiis, whether they go in chairs or on ihoutandot them meeting in the lodgings,

iiorfeback anil they have reafon to ilo
1 clumbers, .md halls, whiih are on the fides
lb, coukl ftarce cnilure the weather,
for 1 of the court, before the l()Ulh gate. They
tho' 1 wore feveral turrs. 'lie worll are .ill richly cl.id, but alter feveral man-
thing here is the want ol wooii and •, ners according to their qu.ility, known
theretore they burn a fort of mineral, by the feveral iKafIs .inil birds embro;-
ikig out of the neighbouring mountains, der'd on their garments. About break
like the Eiiglijh fea-coal, wliiiii are noi- ol day, the emperor tits out from the
Ibmc to warm ones lelt by, .mil theretore eleventh apartment, where he ulii.dly re-
they only iili: them in the kitciiin to ilrels fides, md is brought in chair by twelve .1
victu.ih, ihootiiig rather to be without eunuchs into the hall, where he te.its hini-
lire in tlieir eh.imbers, anil num'd with I'elf on a rich throne rais'il in the mid-
rolil. dle of it. Ther ..n eunuch kneels be-
My arrival at Pekiiif^, gave th'- yefuils fore the door, and lays Fdlui that is, ;
the tame jealouly, perliiading themlelves let the heaven difcharge its thunder , and
like tlioli." ot Cuiitiiii, that I >is tent by prefently the bell rings, and the kettle-
the pope, to enquire underhand ip"> îl drums, and great drum ol the pal.u;'
thathad happened in Cbiiiii, on account are beaten, and trumpets and other in-
of the contell between them and the vi- flrumcnts lounded, all the gates bein|;
tars-apolloliik and this the more, loe-
; oi)cn'(l at the lame time,
except thoii
caule I was come to court without the em- in tlie Whilll the noiie conti-
middle.
peror's leave, and without their knowledge. nues, they all range themfelves on both
ir<:ln,-ulay the ytli, I went in a chair to fides ; that is, tholi.' of the blood rov-
tlic l'i\-i.il.' Jr/iiiii, who live withip the al, and the le.irned Mdndariiici on the
ill enclelure of the imperial pal.icc. As call lide ; and the lords who are not
1 c.ime in at I'e great g.ite, 1 law a mul- ot the blood-royal, and AIiiHi:,i>in,'s of
;î,;l^' Then go-
titude of porters, hanging blew cloth thearmy, on the well tide.
to dole in the little allies oppofite to ingon in this order, two and two, they
the long court, and broad way that pals through the lelVer gates, which are
leads to the inner-wall, caulliig it to be on the fides of the greater ; then going
' : .'
CbM/e svcll and clear'd.
I'wept Asking why up the lleps, every one takes his polt
'"
I.'.dcs vi- they did I was told, that it being the
, according to his quality, before the
I'lLiip the birth-d.iy of the ciiiprels, dowager to great hall in places alFign'd to every one
ciiirrcl-.
the father of him now reigning, all the of the nine orders of Maiuiarinci, wliiili
ladies of the city came to compliment are writ upon i"mall pill.irs. Being thus
lier, anil therefore all the paths that led orderly rang'd on the two fides of the
to the courtwere enclos'd, that they court, facing one another, the nolle of
might not be Icen, and the way was a- the inftruments ceales, and all is very
(iorn'd as is ulual when the emperor goes hulht i the CotMS or cenl'ois carelully at-
broad.
.1 In iViort, having been merry tending, that the func'tion m.iy be du-
witii the J-'r..ii,/.i t.ithers, as I return'il, ly perform'd and every man do his di-
1 law .1 number of fine calafhes, cover'd ty. Then the matter of the ceremonies
with d.imask, and other lUiiVs of filk who kneels in the middle of the flairs
and gold, in which the ladies came. of the great hall, fpcaks to the empe-
»i»i4^1 The lathers told me the ceremony was ror to this effect. Motf high and pow-
pcrform'd manner. The cm-
after this erful prince, our fovereign lord, all
prcts .iforetaid, late on a high throne, the princes of the blood, and great lonK,
.ind the emperor went firll with all her all the learned and military ALiiiJurii:.-!
)i<ns to begin the ceremony, bowing are herenow ready to pay the duty they
down his head, as he knelt nine times owe you. Then, ffanding up, he goes lu
to the ground. Next came his wives, the eafl fide, and lifting up his voice a-
and concubines to do the liime next the -,
gain, lays to them, Pai-pan, that is, or-
princes, and princelles of the blood, and der your f(.'lves; and immediately every
the great ladies, and ALiiiJaruus of the one fettles his garment, and compolis
court. 'I'his day the emprels invites his perfbn. Then he again lays, Shivni-
the emperor to dinner, and all that are xin, that is, turn your f(;lves, and they
i.heif the emperor eating on a uhW.
; turn towards the imiK-rial hall. Then
'' !'"
'! by iiimfclf on his throne. This I deli- he bids them kneel down, and lays Km-
I'll,
CiiAi'. M. Of CHINA. ^<^5
/,•//, t'l.it is, touili til'- };r()iinil witli your to view another part ot the city, whereUiMMn
liiMiln ii>>>' '" ll"'y ft'iii'iuf, (ill he lays, I lomcthing curious, lot there was
l.iw ""'!
A/'<". tli.it is rili". N<'xt lie lays, >;, publick niouiniii(j and rejoycing along ^-''^'^^
tli.it ii, I'nw y'»"' iini'*, |<»iiiiii^ tlif .'i.uiils, one and the lame llrect ; a wedding,
ami liliin;; ilicni .ilmvc the hc.ul, tlii-ii .md a luneral happening to pal.s by at
lower tlu'iii to ilic kiH'i'. Which iloiic, tlie lame time. I'he luneral was thus. A funml.
lie Tiys, .IS you wi-rc .it liilt, lor tin: lirll went the colour:i and banners of
niDiiorvnil'li! /' aloiK-, fiiviilics this lint filk, .md colour'd-p.ii)er, the llatucs of
III obciLiiKc. 1 Liviii;; pcrtorniM this cc- the ile.ul, liorles, atui monllers c.irry'd
R'liioiiy three tiiiKs, they all kneel, ami by lever.il people in good order. Others
then he cries Kiii icu, touch the grouml beat a brali drum, .iiul the Hnnza brali
will) your hcails. '/i.ti-L<'ii li-ii, touch it plates, IkIIs, and other inllruments, al-
a ticomi time-, }\iikcuteu, touch the ter whom corps in ,i

w.is carry M the
tliini tiuic. I'luy, the two firll times roll'ni nil a bier coverM with white cloth.
tlity do it, liiy in a low voice /'</«-////, The m.ile kiiiihed went bctore the corps
tli.il is ten tlKuilaiul years ; Imt the weeping, the women follow'd in very
ihiril time they lay f.iiiiiii, r,iii-Jiti, Ui\ fm.ill c.il.illies, all clad in white, th.it
tliiiulami years, ten tlioulaml thouliuuh being the colour tor mourning in Cbiiiit,
<il years 1 lor ten tlioulaml years is the and the neighbouring kingdoms ot Cn-
emperor's name. ami Tiiiikiii. Hut this is when

i-hiiicbi)id
'1 his ceremony [icrformM, tlu^

licing any one dies in the city, that tlie oble-
m.iller of the ceremonies lays aj.viin, quies iuiiig |)erforniM tliere, he is car-
AV/.i/, rile ; Sbici-t-nxiii, turn your felves, ry'd to be bury'J ; but if he dies out
ami they turn to one another. At lall he ot it, of whatever degree or quality he
lays to them, >îiicpa>!, place your I'elves be, it is not .illowM to bring him into
in order, .inJ they return to their places the city, they looking u[)(in it as a very
iii rank ami iile. Then he kneels again, bail oiiii 11.
anti with the liime relped lays, Shicmpi, 'J he manner ot' the wedding is almoll A utJ.
moll powt'iliil lord, the ceremo-
tli.it
nies
is,
of this IlilxiiilJion iluc to you are

like that of
inents th.it found.
the funeral, as to the inllru-'lini;.
Several perlbns go be-
%
performM. 'Jliin all the inftrumints fore on toot ami on horlibaik with co-
loiiml ai^.iin, an.l the king comes down lours, and banners, acconling to the briile-
from his throne, and returns to his a- groom's ci'iality. Then come., the bride
partmjnt. The great men ami ALwiLi- in a dole cli.iir cr cil.illi adorn'd with frin-
riiifs withdraw .iml at the middle-gate,
; ges, or laces ard filk embroidery iixrreat
t.ikc o!V the ;;irmcnts of ceremony they liate, but
cainot be feen.file
h.ul put on when tliey came to the pa- 1 went o'lr at the gate of the Chinef,-
l.ice, which ditVer from their onlinary ap- city, ami went a league about the wall,
parel, and are much richer ; but mull to fee whether it dilTcr'd from the walls
not be yellow, wliich by the Cbiiirj? is of tlie other cities of Ciina, and found it
(.(Uinied the kin;; ot colours, becaufelike to be of the liimc being in a great l()rt,
the colour ol gold, which is the king ot mealiire m.ide of brick, with a wet ilitch
nn't.ils 1 and there loie they lay that on- about it forty loot wkle, the w.dl it lelf
ly belongs to the emp;r(>r, who a]ipears twenty foot thick, and r.impanl after the ;..vm
in that habit in publick, with abundance manner of our thong pliccs in Europe.
of diagons emhioi.ler'd on it. Some- The curtins are defended by large I'quare
r:;iips the emperor excufes the Mciiula- towers about a bow-fliot ililtant from one;
rv„'.t who are biily about the important another but the towers of the new city
-,
•I'liurs of the kingdom from this trouble- are let thinner, and the walls are weaker,
io'n.' ceremony. and not fo high.
ri Mdjy the lotli, I went in a chair
CHAP. ir.
/I Jhft ^Journey to fie the gn'al Wiill o/'China, and a Dijirlption of it. ^<VAm
fo near to that fo famous wall, of a foreigner but that I might go to
Bring -,
J h.id the curiolity to lee it, ami th.ii part next the mountains where there
I'l 'refore went u|)on I'riilay iitli, to the were no They were lb kiml
foldiers.
l''i'i:ilj fathers to provide for my jour- as to find one to bear mc company the
ney. 'I'hey told me it would be dange- next ilay, and lb I returnM home. On
rous to go where was guard-
the patliige S,it!ii\hiy 2th, 1 let out on horleback be-
1
nl. becaiile the guards would be jealous times, and travell'd that day 33 miles,
Vol.. IV. I iii lying
•ô6 A Voyage round the IVorhl Book f[,
niMiii I lying at night countrylioufe.

in Sun-
.•» mountains. So tli.it wlien that w.ill is
twenty miles
il twenty laid to be pro<ligii*Mlly high, the me.ui
'*'J5- f/rtv the r ?th, h.ivingtravcil
ingtravfll'il
'•^'"^^ôf niounrain-way, we came- to the toot of ing is no otiicr, but that it is built up-
tiicmountain, alon^; which ti\e wall runs, on very high places \ for of it lelf it i*
and thrre being no going to it on horfe- not l() high as the walls of their cities,
back, 1 was forccil to ahght, ami go lour nor is it nf an equ.il breadth in all parti.
miles on foot with much trouble, k'ing Almoft .ill the Hruffure, as lus been
guiiicd by the lillow that hir'd the horrcs, fiid, is of brick, fu well built, that it
my fervant Haying witii them. does not only but looks new, af-
lall,
Chttitj't The wall in lome plarcs '» I'lhcen foot ter feveral ages, as if it were new, ex-
high, in others twenty i but in the vidlics cept only lome lew ruins, which the
it is much higher ami thicker, lor fix hor- Tiirinn do not iniriil to repair. It is a-
li'S may ealily go a-brcall on it. The bove eighteen hundred years fincethcem-
lUu(?lurc i'< ail of large burnt bricks, and |)eror Xihoiim-li causM it to be built a-
kw Hones, antl at certain dilVances there gainH the incurfions of the Tartan. 'I'liis
,ire (Irong liiuare towers, about two
bow- was one of the grcatcH, and moH extra-
ihot from one .mother, which conii- vagant works that ever w.is undertaken.
inie all the icn^tli ol the wall to the lea. In prutlcnce the Cbinefe Ihould have fc-
Where rhc paflci ot the country are eafi- cur'd the moll dangerous p.iHcs ; Kut
cll, and moft cxiios'd, there are feveral what 1 thought moll ridiculous, was to
works Handing thick together, as r.ivc- fee the wall run up to the top of a vail
lins, and ballions, to fecure them. Tiiis high anil llecp mountain, where the birds
wonderful w.iil begin.) in the province of would hardly build, much lefs the Tar-
Kiiimji, and runs to the caft fea, and /(ir horfe climb, to break into the coun-
ubove half becaufc of

a league into it, try. And if they conceited thole pcoph
its fhallownefs , lb that it is judg'd
to be could make their way climbing the clitt^
four hundred and five SpiwiJJj leagues in and rocks, it w.is cert.iiniy a great (oi-
length, taken in a ftreight line, and five ly to bfiifve their fury lould be llopM
hundred as the building winds along val- by \o low a wall. I wa-s allonilh'd tii
leys and mountains. There are abun- conlider they Ihould h.ivc furh excellent
ilance of little iloors and Hairs for the workmen, to draw up |ii many mate-
multitude of foldiers that guard the towers, rials for building, and make iileof theni ,
for the lafcty of the kingdom, to go up which could not be ilo.,e without a v.ill
to them. charge and labour, and in conlideiM- ,i
Almoft all ChiiLi being parted from ble fpacc of time. It is reported, 'i'h;it
Tiirtary by the mountains, which run under the Cbinrfi- emperors, this w.i'.j w.is
between them, the great wall is raisM gu.uded by a million of foldiers ; at prc-
Icfs on the mountains, and more in the fent the cmjêror being fovereign of a
valleys, as need requires ; yet not fo great part ot Tnrlary, he only keeps gooii
as to be every where upon a level, as garrifons on the weakefl paflcs. AUihlin
fomc would make us believe ; it being the I ^th, I return'd the fame way I cimr,
impoinble to raife it to that height in and was at Peking on 7'uiftiay the uh, i
thedeep valleys, as to equal the higheft before night.
CHAP. III.
Htnv the Emperor of China appears in Publick,
Ik Tlic cm- ^N IVfdnefiky the 1 6th, I was in fa- would go the next day to his country-
• iiiimry
O'
_
der was brought
ther Ptn'i/d's apartment,
him from
when
the palace,
or- houfe, and I might fee the manner of it
from their houfe, or any place ne.u ir,
liuiilc.
to go fix the clock of the country-houfe, and accordingly on hr'ulay the 1 8th, 1 w.is
becaufe the emperor was to go thitlier conduced by a lervant of theirs to Itc
very loon, where he diverts himfelf that majeHick procelTion, which began an
half It is cali'd, Shtan-Sciwi-
the year. hour after fun-rifing.
3'uen yucn, fignifying a garden
; Sciiin, -, Firfl march'd about 2000 foldiers andlh
always ; and Shian, Ipring that Ls, The •
fervants, after whom follow'd atout!
f;ardcn where there is continual fpring. twenty woincn in clofe calafhes. Next, ''^
t confills of fine little houfes, feparated came the king attended by tlic princes
from one another, like thofe of our Car- of the blood, and Mandarines He w.is .
with gardens and fountains af-

tbiifuiiis, on horfeback, plainly cl.ul in a garment
ter the Chineji manner. Ihurfday the 1 7th, of gold colour, cmbrokler'd with dra-
the Fre»(b fathers told me the erniieror gons all over, but more particularly on
the
'
lOOK (I,
country-
incf of it
near ir,
<th, Iw.is
;irs to kc
began ;in
liiiers ami Th^
M alwut!-
"> ii:.i!
Next, :«
ic princes
He W.IS
garment
witli lira-
:ularly on
tlic
m
1
m
r -.f-
-«^f^^p»»^^
W0'
:''}'[w:
/•'
CmpdJvr of i hind
r^ !ii.
.y,.^ -
A\'
-u.
tU^jHP^îlTs
c
ylihd tmpcror
•>i
B-rwMP
-W^-'-
'>:;:. i'
., i
^'
mz
^^
Chap.
the
ones.
a ricl
Soi
a ch;»
contr
bear:
other;
fuie.
very
cept;i
pl.ice,
abroa
he g(
other
r.il th
ot it
1. Fi:
twc
2.
Chap. IV. Of C HIN A. 307
the bread, wliere were two very large Hivide
di into twenty four parts as tji Mill I
ones. On his Mau'-", or 'lartar-cup was we do into twelve.

u. 56 Colours, on which are the fifty l>^."^
a rich jewel.
Soinetimcs the emperor goes abroad in fix conlfcilations, to which the Chi
a chair carry'd by thirty two men, wl.o )irfi reduce all the liars.
contrive it fo ingcnioufly, that all equally 12. 200 Great fans upon long flaves,
bear a part of the burden Befidcs lour : gilt and painted with fcveral figures,
others, who iuppr/rc the chair on every as dragons, birds, the fun, (s^c.
fuic. I thought this publick appearance 13. 24 Umbrclloes richly adorn'd, twelve
very ftatcly 1 anil believe it will be ac- on each fide.
ceptable to the reader, to defcribe in this 14. r.ight forts of utcnfils the emperor
place, more fokmn manner of going
a commonly makes ufe of, as the towel,
. r^
abroad ot the emperor of China, wiien gold bafon and ewre, and others.
he goes to f.icritice, or perform fomc 15. 5< o Gentlemen belonging to tlie
otiier puhlick fuiiclion, attended by feve- emperor, richly clad.
r.il thoufands, .uid therefore the draught 16. Ten horfes as white as fnow, with
ot it is iicre inferted. the bridles and fiddles adorn'd with
gold, pearls and iirecious Hones.
1. Firft go 24 men with great drums in 7. 1000 Men, r.oo on eacJi lide, call'd
two files, twelve and twelve. '/iiwgtie, that is, foot Ibidiirs, cl.td in
24 Trumpets, twelve on a fide. red, cmbroidi-r'd with lloweis, ami

2.
Theê are made of a wood they call flars of gold an. liivcr, ami caps
I
M
Ulum-xu, which is of great value in adorn'd witli long feadicrs. ^^^
Chi>ia. They are above three foot iS. iMgiit llandards of eight fevcral co-
long, and almolV a i'pan dia.meter, at lours, as yellow, blue, white, idi.
the mouth Ibap'd like a bell. They arj denoting the eight geni.T.ds of the em-
adorn'd with rims of gold, and fuit pire, one being call'd general of the
with the nolle of the drums. yellow ftandard, another of the blue,
3. 24 Staves, twelve on each fide, about Cî: and every one of them commands
eight fpans, or two yards long, curi- looo(x) men.
oufly wrought with red varnilh, and 19. The emperor carry'd in an opcfj
adorn'd with Ic.ives of gold. ciiair,as was Ciid before, by tiiirty
'. H
4. 100 H.ilberd., fifty on a fide, the two men, and fii;iported by four
iron of them like a crefcenr. others on the fides.
5. 1 00 Maces of gilt wood, fifty on 20. The princes of the biocnl, petty
ei'.ch fide, as long as a fpcar. kings, and a great number of lorils,
6. Two royal lances, c.ill'dC^//?, cover'd richly clad, ia file according their
with red varnilh, and gilt at the ends. quality.
7. 400 Great lanthorns curioully wrought, 21. Servants to the aforefaid petty kings
and richly adorn'd. and princes of the blood.
8. 400 Torches well wrought, and made 22. The 2cx)o learneil and military t'l.ii^':;*
of a fort of wood, which keeps long Mandarines richly clad.
lighted, and Ihincs bright. 25. A great coach drawn by 8 horfes.
r). Iwenty lances adorn'd below the 24. Two llately chariots, each drawn
i
^
If,.
fpcar, fome witli filk firinges cf 11:- by two great elephants.
and others with the rails
vcral colours, 25. 'Tartar Ibldiers.
ot jiantlicrs, and other beafls.
;o. 24 Colours, on wiiich the figns of Sec Cut Number I. Page 307.
the zodiack are painted, which the C/ji-
CHAP. IV.
T'/jt' Religions in the Empire of China.
Tllcre are fcveral religions profefs'd much lefs with the Chiiwfe and CcJAn-
in the empire of China, according cbinefe, as neither tiiey do among thcm-
to the variety of people in it. To be- ielvcs. This difference arilcs from the
gin with the emperor, he being a Tar- feveral idols, which every one takes for
tar, follows the idolatry of his nation, his tutelargod. The Tartars of great
wiiich as in tiie main it agrees with the Tartar^ adore a deity, they call Natagai,
religion of the Cbinefe and Japonejl; whom they elleem the god of the earth,
yet they all ditfer in leds, wherein the and they have fo great a veneration for
Tartars do not agree among themfclves, him, tluc no man is without his image
in
;
'^08 •^ Fi/jw^f ro«w/ //.'c iVorUl, S«<>K If. I Chap,

Gkmeiii in his hoiife ; anil being pcrfiLidct' that is of fuch great authority throughout all
"'95 Natagni h.id a wife,- they phicc h(.r on Ttii.'iiry, that no king is crown'd till lu;
(-/^.'NJliis Ictt, with lictio iiioi.: before thiMii, has lint .imbafladors, with rich prelcnts,
as it tiicy were thcii children. 'IlW'y to olitain the great Lnmah blclling, lor
pay adoration, and make obcilance to a happy ml profperous covcrnnunt.
them, efpecially when they are going to His refidencc is in the kingiiom of Jj,i-
dinner or luppcr, anointing rhe nioutiis ranlohi, or Lolja, where he alVumes the
ot the images with the tat of the meat regal dignity, tho' he takes nothing upon
that is drtlb'd, and lay fomc of their him ot the government, contenting hini-
dinner or fupj)cr at the door, believing Itlf with the honour, living quicly .ml
they feed on it. peaceably, and leaving the care of the

Thi;prc.\t 'I'lierc is a much more impious, and 1 wigdom to another, whom they call Be-
pricilor jii, or Demi ; which is the reafon they
tm ridiculous adoration paid by liic Tai-tars
i..
to a living man, whom they call Ltima, fay rhcre are -vo kings in Baninlola.
that is, grcat-pricil, or priell of prices In Piking there is a great temple witli-Tcirj'
bccaufctrom !iim, as tiie foiirce, tiicy re- in the palace ot thele religious Lama's.^'"''
ceive all grounds of their religion,
the It is call'd Lamulicii, that is, the tini-
or idolatry, and therefore tlicy give hiai ple of Lama ; and was built by the f,i-
the name of eternal father, 'liiis ni.m ther ot the .'mperor now reigning, out
is ador'd as a deity, not only by the of and to
policy, pleale his mother,
inh.ibitants of tlie p'ace, but by all the the daughter of a j;etty king ot the
kings of 'l'.:r!iir\, who own a i'ubjectioii wcllern ^tartars, who was much atli:ct-
i 10 him in matters ol religion, and there- ed to the I.ama's. On a hill like a hi-
fore not only they, but their people go gar-loaf made by hand, of great iloncs
in pilgrimage with confiderable gifts to carry 'd from the fea, is a round tower
adore him, as a true and living god. of twelve llories handfomely built, ami
;». I
He, as a great favour, Piews himfelf in of a wonderful lieighth ; about which,
a d.irk place of his palace, adorn'd with on the top, arc many fmall bells, whiih
gold and lilvcr, and lighted by fevfr.il being fhaken by the wind, ring night ami
hanging lamps 1 fitting upon a cufliioii day. The temple is large, built in the
ol cloth of gold, on a place r.iisM from middle of the hill on the louih fide. The
the ground, and cover'd with line car- dwellings and cells ot the Lama's are cm
pets. Then they all proflrate thcmfllves the eafl and well. The idol on the altar
flat on the ground, and humbly kifs his is like a nal -d rullick man, like the
foot. Hence he is call'd f;.thcr of fi- god Priaf"!'. of the antients, nor is it
thers, high pricft, priell ot prielts, anil ador'd by any but the Lama's and
eternal tatlier ; for the priefls who are v.eflern Tartars 1 the e.illcrn Tartars and
the only pcrlbns that attend and w.iic Chiiirfe abhorring it. I law teveral La-
upon him on all occafions, make the ma's in Peking, and their habit is fingu-
iiniplc llrangers believe wonders of his lar, for they wear a yellow miter, a vvhitc
f.inc'tity. And that he may be thought gown ttick'd up b.ickwards, a red girdle,
immortal when he dies, they (eek out and a tunick of a gold colour, and a
throughout all the kingiiom for one ve- purfe hanging from their walle ; fo that
:i
ry like him, and having found one, jilace their garment is much like that the apo-
him on the tlirone,' and by that means lllcs are painted in.
make all the kingdom hold it as an ar- The principal idol they adore in that
ticle of faith 'they being all ignorant of kingdom of Lnffa, or Bara>ito/<i, is A/i -
tlie impofhire,) that the eternal father role tiipc made of nine human heails in the
again out after (even hundred
of hell form ot a cone before which they
; ot-
,^. ''1*1 years, ever fince, and will

and his liv'd and place meat to gain
ter facrificc, the
ii\e to eternity
; which is Ih deeply im- favour of the idol. They ufe beads,
printed in the minds of thole barbarou-^^ letting one drop every time they fiy,
people, that no man among them makes Aleiiiie,favc us. The malice and deceit
the kail doubt of it, and they adore him of the devil has caus'd a horrid and exe-
lo blindly, that he thinks himfelt com- crable cufloin to be us'd in that king]
pk'atly happy, who has the fortune to dom of Raraiilola, and that of '/I 'igu!.
yet the leali bit of his excrement, which They cluife a lufly lad, or boy, \ lioni
is bought at a great rate ; believing, that they impower at certain times ot the
wearing it about their necks in a gold year to kill, with weapons he has given
box, as the greai lords ufe to do, it is him to that purpofe, whomfbever he
a lure defence againft all evils, and an meets, of any feet, or condition what-
antidote againll all dileafes ; and there foever. To thole that are fo (lain they
arc thole whoout of devotion put fbme afterwards pay eternal honours, clttcni-
tji it into their meat. This living deity im them moll luppy, as being facri-
lic'd
, '
K II. ClIAP. IV. 0/ C H I N A. 309

ficM to ilicir goJili'ls Mniipc. The boy (hil.lieii not to ule tliofe cxpreflions ofCFMuu
;iiniM with ;i bow ;iii(l arrows, and li i relpec'-f and love to them, which they '^")i-
iniitT, anil (luck ro'iml with banners, lliould H'C them deny their parents. i.y^-'NJ
at a certain time apiiumicd liy the (l< vil, Vet it is true, that the wiler fort
to whom lie is (kvoteri, jôcs out ot thinkiiv; it intolerable on the one hand,
iloors, like one ililtractcd, ami running to believe that men ami beatis are equal
about llrccts ami
the publick places, as to length of lite, nay that there fhoukl
kills whom
he meets, and no oppofition be brutes that live longer, tome an age,
mult be made againll him. In the lan- and perhaps fome more-, and on the
uuage ot the country they call him Btiib, other fiile not thinking that immortality
that is, killer. is the natur.d property of the tbul, but
Miihomi-tnn religion has alio made
I'iie a rewarti of merit ; they have hereupon
fi) great a progrcl. in Chimi, being found out a new tore of philotbpliy, ve-
I ,<
;l| 1'!.
broiii'Jit in by tiie Tdvlan of the greater ry like that of the antient Slohks, which
'I',ii-/i!r\\ who come to fettle there, that is, that virtue is a quality that partakes
litlier (IrimjLli told me there were two fomewliat ot the divine being, able to
i .
i '
niiliitins of people that [irotefs'd it. Thek: remove ,ill that is corruptible out of the
cuiie in through the eallern Turtnry, be- Ibul where it relides, and coiilequently
ing call'd in by the Chhwfr, to cxptl the inortal part, antl to fubtili/.e it to
weifern Tartars callM Eln.b-, who in
;lic fiieh a dtj^ree, longer be
th.it it may no
former ages rcign'd in China. in a condition fo tutter from that water
Tiie religion of the Chiiu'fe may be to which it is united, but not incorporat-
'S
reduced to three print ijial lech. One ed ; and that thus when parted from tlie
t •.
..
of the I.ilcratU oi" learned ; die fccontl body, it is united to (iod, anil like a
of I.iiiizu, ami the iliiril that of the com- gr.dt let upon a tree, has the fame im-
.'
monalty. 'I'hit ot die learned is or- mortal life with him. On the contra- 1,1
tlain'd, and diree'ted to two prineip.il ry, liiy they, vice, by its natural malig-
ends, the one the publick good of the nity and inteclion, fo corrupts and loads
<«!!;' \l
kingtiom, the advancement whereof is the foul, intangling it with the tlelh, that
its whole aim. 'J'he other the particu- it lives by the tlelh, and with the defli, A
lar prof[)erity of every man ot them, dies and corrupts. In llioit, thefe I.i-
10 be procurM or jnirchasM by the merit ln\'!i 01 learned Cbiii'fr are mere atheilb,
of virtuous ai-'tions acconiing to the and believe there is neitlicr rcv.Mrd, nor
iliclates of realbn, improv'd and made punilliment in the other world ; ami that
perfect by moral philotbphy, wherein the foul treed from die prilbn ot the
they take lb much p.pn.s to advance thcm- body, returns to from which
nodiing,
ielves. And becaule to honour thole it c.ime, after the lame manner as the
that deferve well (whether it be a depth wind. And therefore they make it their
ot nature, asor other fu-
to fithers, bulhiels to have the enjoyment of this
periors, or to tholi; who merit it by vir- world, with lb many
wives (which they
tue) is very beneficial to the publick ; approve of as necelTiiry for peopling
t!ie hopes of rewanl being a great en- tlie kingdom) with hiving the manage-
couragement to take pains ; and for as ment ol the government, and with rich- d. '
|'18h
much as this is v ly beneficial to pri- es, which they endeavour to gather by
vate perlbns, children being taught the unlawful means To Ipcak the truth, it :
love antl refpcrt they owe to their pais rather an univerfuy of l.i'tn-.iti, or
rents, whom they fo often lee otTer up learned men, call'd 'Ttukiao, than a pa-
..t lomlis of their piedecelTors, tears,
tlie gan religion tor as much as they have
•,
pieliins, the jirayers of Bonzes, and no temples, nor priells, nor idols, nor
whatever eltc is proper to honour the lacrificcs, nor lacred rites.
d'llt, ;'.nd comturt the Ipirit: 'I'lieretore The proper temple of the learned isT''!îi^
all theft' ceremonies of theirs are poli- I"'
It of Confucius, prince of the Cbinrjl'^y'^y"'
'ical a(!lions tor the good of the living, phikitbphers, which temple, by a publick 1,(5 ,„|.||.er
to "ive them gootl inlbudtions, and
regarding the dead, as if they could be
111 tiot ordinance of the kingilom, is built inad'criio.),
every city, in fome place above thatj''" ''"-7
beneficial to them. So that thete cere- where the Ichools are, with extraordinary,'"^ ,'*
monies arc not neglecfed by them, tho' charge. 1 here his dictates are written, jj .
ihi y do not believe the immortality of or elfe his name on

board in a great
the ibul 1 bctaule, belides the publick golden letters, with feveial flames of hi*
lianiage that would enl'ue, it people diltiples by him, whom the Cbmrfr wor-
Wire us'd to live at all their liberty, Ihip as inferior deities. Here all the
without the check or fear of another j\!iiiJ.ir:ii<-s, doclors, and batchelors,
life, ilicy would in a great meafure meet every new and full moon to wor-
liurt themt'elves, teaching their own ihip, and do hom.^gc to tlieir mailer
Vol,. IV. K Coil'
! i|
310 A Vaây! round I he IVorhl. B(
CiEMu.Li Coiifui ins v/\ih litiml)lc gcnutlcxions ; uIclt people of meaner condition than tlirv,
.1
>(>^)^
the rimi; manner as tlic -^fif^^/'liam on the lo there none more beallly and ahii-
aii.'
^^'"^''"^firll: tl.iy ot the month iholb celclir.ital minable lor all brutal lilth and lb they \
tlic Iblcmnity of their god, Aliriury mix with one another, worfe than the
The fc- 'I 'ic lecomi led !, call'ii of Lavjzii, or moll filthy animals.
conJkd. of Li-liiokiin, introduced by a philofo- They tell us this pernicious fed came
jiher of that name, who livM in tiic time out of liuloildH alter this manner, as is
of Confucius. Tiiey feign he was in iiis found in iIr hillories of the learned
mothers womb eighty years, before he Cbiiirfe. In the year (lAty five, after the
Wis born for whiih realbn he is cail'd
•, birth of C'hrilf, the emperor Alim-7i,
Lav;zu, that is, 0/<J Pbilofopbcr. lie the feventeenth of the fifth lamily cail'd
teaches, that tlie fovereign fJod is cor- Han, he Ihape of a
reign'd in Chimi. '1
fioreal, and governs tlie other deities, holy hero appear'd to him in a dream,
as a iving does iiis fiilijech, wiierein and being further pcrluaded by the worJs
thefe feem to agree with the Stoicks. of Con/ill i!(< that in the well there was .i
I Ic profiles mighty ellech of ciiimi- jult man, not being able to go himlelt,
flry (^wh(nre fome I'liigc him to iiave he lent Caicbim, and (hitkim his amhal-
Ix'en the inveiuer ol it; i)erfuading iiis ladors, to find the holy man, and thf:
followers, tliat by me.ms of a certain holy-law. Thele coming to an illanJ,
iiw liiinl-;, men may become immortal. not far from the red-li.a, and not ha-
Iiis (lilliples alio attribute to iiim art- ving the courage to go any further, re-
niagick, and this hellifh art in a fhort turn'd with an idol and llatue ol a man
time became the only fiience of perloiis cail'd I'cc, who had liv'd in litdni five
ot quality, every one applying hiinlclf hundred years before Coiitiicius, and
to it, in hopes to .ivoiil death and the ; brought his accurfcii religion into Cbiiia.
women lither out of curio.lty, or in They hail been happy ami ili l(.'rved well
liopes to prolong tlieii live., gave tlieni- of their coiuitry, if inllead of that plague,
lelvcb up to ail manner of extravagan- they had brought the liiving dodrine ol
cies and impieties. Thole who made t'hrifl, which at that time was preach'd
this pernicious dochine their peculiar by St. Ihoi;:.':: ihc :'polllc in India.
prolelfion were cail'd 7u'ii-fi, that is, The Cbinefi: embracing this curfcd
heavenly doi-'tors ; to whom the em- ilodrine, by degrees fell oil' from that
perors gave houfes to live in commu- of their ancefiors, which was not al-
nity, and built temples in leveral pla- together fo impious, ami at length in
ces, in honour of their maftcr. The contemning all religion, are fallen into
priefts of this fed, particularly cmjMoy downright atheifm. '1 Iiis mailer of ido-
themfelves in expelling the devils out latry left two forts of doctrine, the
of houfes, by means of exorcifms, or one. That all things come from and re-
faltning horrid monflers to the wails, turn to nothing, which they call the in-
drawn with ink, and this witii fuch a ferior dodrine, and its followers arc
hideous noifc, that it makes the very atheills ; the other exterior, avi.pted to
devils remove. I'hefe naked fellows deceive the ignorant multituiie. Tlic
do alfo pretend to the power of procu- learned, as h.is been laiil, follow the firit
ring rain, or fiir weather at plealurc, of thefe, placing all their happinels in
and of diverting publick private and this life, in the enjoyment of wealth,
(alamities. This fedhas but at prcfent and many women, ami ruling over the
few followers, the other two being mofl people ; for they allow the foul to he
univerfal. mortal. And they are fo lix'd in their
ThciliirJ The third fed, is that of the tom- way, that fome Sptiniflj millloncrs of the
'-"'
mon fort, or of the Bonzes, who have order of St. Francis toKl me, that in a
|Ct||l|f^|.! idols, and deities reprefcnted in ftrange difpute, certain Mandarines were not a-
imi monllrous figures i ..nd among the lliam'dtoo 'n, that they neither belicv'd
rcll thole two fo famous throughout ail in God, nor but only in
the idols, ('.'in-
the call, viz. Amida, and Shiaca. It is fucitis ; but they believe, il tlie\ 'd jiill-
the principle of thefe, quite contrary to ly, God will reward them in this worlil,
that of the li;arned, to take no care of and punifh them if they Ao ill. If they
the publick, and only minil themfelves. ever build Pagods, or lacrificc to ilieir
They allow the foul's immortality after idols, it is only out of felf-intercll to
the death of the body, and that it "s obtain their own ends ; which if they fail
a reward or puniflimtut according as of, they foon forfake the Paôds, anil
every one has deferv'd. They commend cafl down the idols, piinilhing thcni a-.
a fmgle life,and virginity, fo far as ungrateful, not returning the fivours

in
to condemn matrimony at leafl by infe- beltow'd on them. They will have it,
rence: And therefore, as there are no thac this mailer of the two aforeiaid
'
Of C II I N A. 3i[
iL'ch was a petty kiiif,, wliofe name was vour, and have tiie foul tavourably tlil-CrMn ti
yiiangy aiul liis niotlicrs Mo'^:--lu-în j ]).Uih'l. /\ Iter thele ex, imin.itions, they ""'; ¥. ';
Siii)
will) by tlif means ot aliumlanccof icvm- fiy the goes to h( ii (whither, ac-^-^^''^
foul
iii" mirack'i, ilre.v the ailmiration ot tiie their opinion, good ami bad
cordiiHi, to
i)a>|)lc, and cnil.MvoiirM to l)e ownM as mull go; and there the caufe is again
a (iotl. He liy'il at K'vcnty nine vrars heard over in ten fever.i! courts, cal-
of age v anil liavin;; litileii idolatry ii. his led "Jcu t,iiin, the loul (laying fevcral
lite time, emlcavourMto promote atheil.vi days at every one ot them, that ac-
at his death, cleclarinji; tliat in all his lii. cording to the good or evil, it ap-
coiuks, he I'poke enif^nvaiically ; tint all pears to have done, the tranl'migration
tliin'^s came out of nothing, and woiiUI may be appointed cither into the body
return to nothing and that there was the , ol a man, or bcafl. I know not how
end of all our iiopes. they came at lirll by this notion of
In this lid ol the Ihiizcs there feem tranfmigration, or whether tlii'y h.id
to hive licen I'ome mylleries and ceremo- it from the /figjptijiis, the C/.hilil(;vi<,
nies of our holy taitii intermix'd, which or the DriiiJs, who, as Ci/fiir, and /.u-
perhaps might lie karnt trom the preach- f.iii will li.ive it, in\'ented it to intule
ing of the apolllcs St. Thomas^ and St. cour.iifc, and a contempt of death into
llinbolomcu; wh'-> I'prcad it towards mankind troin whom alio Pytbaîrtu is
;
thole parts. I'or they have one God in fud have learnt and brought it into
to
three perfons, repri.lented by an idol Ital). Uetorc tranfmigration, the Cli-

with three he.ids •, a virgin, mother ot nefi' will h.ivc it, th.it tin; foul which
.1 having her iLuue with a child

(;od, has been judg'd, mull pif; over the
in her arms they allow of heaven and
-, bridge ol Kin-inkuri, th.it is, of lilvcr
hell, and the enjoyment or pain fuitahle and gold where giiiiii being kept,
;
to the detert ; t!iey commend virgini- money muil be given ihem, as well as at
ty, and profels
it ; they ufe falling and the alorelaid coi;,is, that they may not
j)ennancc they oblerve voluntary po-
, Hop it i for it the foul falls over the
verty they fpeak in jiraile of (orlaking
•,
bridge, it remains for ever in the ri-
ver of llimes, and if when pil's'd over,

jV
the world, anil Hying to deferts to live
in contemplatic-. or living in commu- ic can find a llower they call Lioixoa,
nity in monalleries , they pray by choirs, the huic wherccjf is cali'd l.tiKulU, then
reciting Ibmi thing after the manner of it will become a perlbn of wealth and
the rotary ; they wear ])riertly gar- plenty. By thcle tables, tlie Bonzes get
ments, and grant indulgences. Yet their money ana the goods of the poor ido-
religion is intcrmi.xM with lb many fa- laters ; and they are o obflinate in their
bles and lies, that it has Icarce any ojiiuion of tranfmigr .tion, that they fiy,
refemblance left of ehrilHanity ; for the European milKoncrs, like ollijers
t!icy allow the tranl'migration ot fouls -,
th.it railL" forces, go to Chinn tc get
and believe that when any perfon dies, men, and japf'.e the Chiiicfe to tranf-
the
country,
Ipirit
Ibul
Tiifun
cintinues
that
''who
it may
is
three ilays
be try'd by the
publickly expos'd
in the inigrate tliem into Europeans, to people
our countries.
from thele three fei^s have fprung \-.iii mini,
mi
iO
.uid worlhip'd on ilie ro.ids.) For this many others, in procefs of iime, and i'^r .it /',;-
riMfbn thev repair to the Bouzs'i with an incredible number of idols, wh'C
nio:\ev and prclents, carrying them pa- are not only to be teen in their teirples,
per for the clerk, and money to bribe but in all publick places, tlreets, tliips,
the idol, tint he may
be tavourable in and lunifes -,wherein they allb imitate
the iryal. Thus deceiv'd by the Ihn- the /K^yftia)!!., who were iulamous for
,-•', thev olVer in the I'dj^'kh ieveral par- their multiplicii'y of idols. 'I'liere were
rels of reti, filver, and gilt pajier, burn- counted to be four hundred and eighty
ing moll: of it, as Ivlieving that which of the moft famous temples, mofl fW--
is gilt will turn to gold, and th.it which quentcd for their wealth, llrudlure, a.
is iilver'd into lilver, to fervc tlic dead the lalle miracles pretended to be wrought
in the other world. After the three days, liy their idols. In which, ai li the red
they fay the Ibul appears before the Ipi- throughout the empire, there d\/ell three
rit of the city, whole name is Cbhi- hundred and lifty thoul'and Ronzes thac
'ii.'Ui 'it being probable that the laid have patents and if we ".ould reckon
",
Ibul h.is been in the city, who rakes in- thofe that have no pateius from Manda-
formation of what he did in the city, they will rile to a million
riii!', there •,
within the during

l"|)acc of five days, being within the city of P,iii!g only ten
which time the kindred of the party de- thouland fix hundred lixty eight B'li/Z/'i
leasM follow the Boiizî, that by their who have no wives, and are cali'd Ho-
l>rayers they may gain ilic judges fa- x.im, and live thouland twenty two mar
rvM,
•312 y^ Voyage round the JVorld. Book I|. K Chap.
CitMiiitryM, as f.ithfr Afiigallaciis writes in Ins go every ye.ir ni |'ilgrima[',c -, foinc ot ll)rts
""" account t)t 0';;/.». whom, through the tuggellion ol the be .1'
(./•^--Xj This imiltiiuilc ot iiliils |)i()i.cci.ls troni <levil, perlu.ide ihemlelvts, that .itier tee- at nil
the eretlin^^ dI llatucs to iiuii, wlio lor ing to gre.it a deity, there is nothirg clapp<
liimc nicmor.iliio .idion ot tlicirs, li.ive greater to be teen in this world ; and thele
tlifcrv'il wi'll ol tlitir country, .iiul gainM tiieretore they c.ilb themlelvcs he.ullong Ions
^rcMl reputation anionj; the iicoplc lo down a rink lotni' miles high. J he 7',;- coiiin
ilillrvinj; Siatiics ami raôih ; as alio ^pd is kept by ,1 Miiiidarnic, who makes r.iin
Iroin tlicir ojiinion that there are parti- all pay tor admitt.iiu e. In tome ot ihele it in
woods, religious men am! women liM .icKirii
IP cular
and
I'pirits
le.'.s, to
in
whom
till' hills,
they crcdt aiui ionic

rivers, J',igij<ls,
in community to lerve them; ol which ly be.i
\h !
crate llatuts. Ncverthelefs, tiie ehirl idol there arc two tons, the one ot the led
they adore is callM (liii/i-/joiin^, ol the ot /v/.', and the other ot th.it ot Tao.
tamily of CbitiH^, who liv'd wiien Chtiui The lirlt ol tliele live in celibacy •,
the
was rul'd by the taniily ol 6««i;, who others call'd '/.;«;// are m.irry'il, and 7/v
âve it the title ot Gio bodii^, or raiiier live at home with their wives, like the
kin<; I/nr<i-,/'iiiiri eannoni/\i it hy this CitYck prictls •, they let .1 long ink ol
name. Ik lore tins iilol were the other h.iir grow, and windiiu', it .iboiii then
thric lam(H!s ones, whiih areador'd lieie, pole, cover it with a Wdodni tiilh, or till 1 1,1 i Y'l"
liijiiii.v in
î-;-, united, .uul callM Sin >S'///i;, and l)y the oilli'r-lliell, running a bodkin, or ikurc Jl^ i„^,
''"•
r-i leariu'd S.iii lioiim. lielides whitli, ilnri' through it, an.l the liiir. In the d.iy- and lov
are live other Uin^s, idols, inention'd in linu; they attend at their mon.Uleries in nrfc kiK
the hillory 'Iioig-iii'fi, and callM Xao-Luio, community, and at night in their own or torn
Siioii-hiu, 7\ii,iiio, 'J\xiin, and Tyko, by hollies, riioli' who live lingle are call'd metropi
wa ol prelercnce taii'd Utii, that is, live Ilo-vjhuiiik jjy the C,hiiii1i\ ,is bv us Ihi: provinci
kmgs. za. I'luir lie.ids .ire all Ili.ivM (which that the
i'lie hillory Sii kikiiycbing mentions in tliat (ouiitry is a token ot contemi'i, jireach'i
t luce very antient, l;iit taluilous, the lirll their li.ibit in colour ainl lalliion is likf by the 1
i.'ii'd '•runi^hiiiiii^ \ liie ll-eond, 'lyhoaii'^ ; th.it ol the relorni'd J^rn/i. iiniiii, bill albrelait
(he t'liiril, Ciuhvan^ \ ''lyi'io' the lirll had with l.irge lleeves, and .1 coll.ir .iboui the a brief .
twelve brothers, and each ot them liv'd neck. The religious women are call'il
and of t
tiyhteen thouland years. That the leconil i\tuxoJhiiiiig, or N\j/:iitm, Kitkii-Shii, or perors in
priells,
had eit;hteen, who liv'd the liime time
'
•,
A/i(/, .itcoiiling to the l.ingu.ige of li'-
and tiiat the third liad nine, who ,dl ô- ver.d provinces. 'J'heli: do not obk'ne It was ac
as
n 1= !•
vern'd the eiTipire, the liittenbrs <jt
ol them continuing to the 150th genera-
each monatlii k rnckitiire, but walk
towns where they jilcile, and
.iboiit the
liilieniig
y
rity,
H' '' fouiulatit
tion. others to go into their convents. 1 once ^;'',";„tbre I n

' ''' '"°'^ iinivernd idol is that they at (..in/on went into one ot them, where ,,).".,.'," tire mot
Tlic iilol
the protector ol towns
Ch'tn-xuan, I w.is invited by thole S[K--/ioi;:.i'> to drink
\' .,'.. •, tation gi
vroicetor Call
}'i\i or Cbi'i; which made me judge, thai
'
of ritio'. and every one ot tlicm having a
cities,
.
'^'
riack, ai
Ptiôtl with tills idol, which is reprelented religious lite was not imbraccd out ol |;^';-''''ciit in it,
iiuin colli
witii |-.orles bridleil and fuldled before the pure /eal, but out of ,1 private end of
door, held by two iL'rvants lor his iili', enjoying their liberty, and rjve tliein the copy
I'elves to lewdnels both within and with- houl'c.
and tliey lay, whilll lie liv'd, he travcH'tl
a thouland miles .1 d.iy. out their monallerv, like the lionza, who t riii.i. The cj
"• wholly
The fokliers and marti.d men have do the lame, tho' they preach up celi- ' '
al
Kunitgic for their idol, a^ the f.uropcivt bacy. The Mandarines ule .ill tluir en- ^;j';;;;''by the t
"
heathens had Mars. ileavours to take them in the tacH, ami chriltians
The famous pilgrimage of the Chiiiiy punilh them with death -, and theretoie, 1256, U|
t'itfi is in the province ot Shiiiilunji^, in tlic city liy realbn ot the fcandaknis lilc they Ic.ui,
Cham ol
ot on the mountain call'd

T.i\-g.iii tbirii, as alio beiaulethey Hoop to all niei h.i- mighty :
renowned in China, tor being

T.nfl'iiin, nick employments, they are tcorn'd aiiJ theempi
twelve miles in alcent. 'I'lie Pagod is cal- dilVcgarded by the Chiiiefe contrary clin'd to
; to
tree exer
led San Ksjimiau, and the idol 7'ii)-Jln,iii- the Jafmcfc and Siamilrs, who honour
Taii.irs
>;:ang, or 1icu-jii-)i-jbiiig-mu, wiiicii in tlie their priells and Tala/onis. 'I'lie con- 1
language Tbe iiliurii of ''buicfc,

•i'.;,f
CviiirJ? ligniiies, tempt is lb great, that by the imperial
lUaveii of Mulber of tbc chriflians
ibis Atviiiilam, laws th are banifli'd the realm o( ('l>i-
lift ll'j!\ Spirit.
or .She/ia«7(', with
I'liis w.is a religious
whom .1
wom.m,
king of Cbi-
>iii,
;,
as llrangers come out of Jiidi.i, .im!

only tolerated by connivance. Hoi tiie I:
/.)M,
|ierl"ecuti(
to
)!i loll in love, as he travell'd that way, men and womcfi-Bonzfi proli-fs an au-
pel was :
and t, iking her to himlelt, m.ule her a jiire, the

llere life, never eating llefli, or .;iiy
queen whilll living, and a iaint when of their

thing that has life, but living upon hi i h^
iie.id, erecting the .itorelaid temple 10 but the Taiizii-Boirzi-i, cat every tiing
,' '
iionour, whither millions oi Cbim-jc Xi ..,,„ 'year i.-4
!icr bccauJ'e they arc marry'd. Both tlulo
l"if>
Vol.
li
Chap. V. Of CHINA. 3»3
fort* of rcligioii'i prrfotn arc oblij^M to in;', in the liin, with cliaiin at their feet. Or«ri.ri
Ik: a' fD.itins, upon lu.iririf; .\ lx:ll ruiij; I'he lihiHiic l)iirn in theic Piijôih, and ''")''
;it niKlniKl)( liy li.iDil, will) .1 wooden m iheir own houlcs, rojics made ot tlic'-^"*''^
flapper. Till)' the M,iiiil.innes know hark of trees pomKlcd, lliapM .itter levo- ^ '
T^
tlicif till'" rilif'ioii'i to l)c iiil.imous pfi lal manners, loinc like a rone, or pyra-
Ions ••"'' ''"^ ''" •'"/ vill.my 1 yet tluy mid, wliiili lall a whole nioiith lictorethc
(oniMi.ind ilicni lo pr.iy lor Dhtaininp ol idol, and lervc them iiilleail ot .i clock,
r.iin ol tlif iilols, win n tlicrc h a want »' hccaule hciiif; ol an equ.d ihicknels, they
it in tile iminlry, .uul it ii docs not conic know the time ot the d.iy liy the ijuanti-
actordingly, iluy caiilc iliciii it) he cruelty thai is tonliim'd.
ly beaten, ami to Ihind Icvcrul days fall-
C H A V. V.
T/ji' liijl VcrJ'ccutioii of tbc Ciitlxlick Riiigion in Cliiiia, iind :ts /.u/pfy
ReJiaiiiiiUoii.
Full chri appears hy the vef text of C««- rough the rcmnteft p.irts of the world
lluiiiiy
I'Vfuimi,
in who ackno'-lali;es a fupremc with very gre.it adv.mtage, and g.iin'd
ami lovereign ^',001', that the antient C/)/ li)uls to Chrill in the ill.inds of 'j/apan,
iKJ'c knew ihere w.is a ( iod. But a ftone, he bent his thoughts upon the convcr-
or toml) foi'.id in the year 1625, in the lion of China ; .mil as he was uling his
metropolis of S'lâiifu, or Samûn, of the ende.ivours to <!;« admitt.iiue into that
province of .W///;, is a lulHcient proot empire, he dy'd ot a tever in the ill.mdol
that the catholii k faith was introducM and Sanihcii, to enjoy the glory due to his
pieach'd in th.it kingdom in the year i/,';, virtuous labours.
l)y the fuccelVors ot the apolUes •, for the At length it pleasM our lord, in \.\\cj,f.,:t,
atbrel'aid Rone was fet up in 7S2, to give year 1610, to open a way to the work-inil til-
a brief account ol the catholick religion, ing in this Ills vineyard, f.uilit.iiing the ad- "•""'••
and of the privileges granted by tlie em- million ol t.itlier /l/i;///>t» Riaio ,lr Mace-
perors in thole times to the bilhops and
prielts, which are to be read on the lame.
raia, aiul fither Michael Re^jrio of the
focicty ot yras. At firll they met with 1 M#
was accidentally lound in the aforefaiil
It great contradictions and ditllculiies, bc-
city, as they were digging to lay the tbrv. rhey cculd obtain of the Ckviefc
rf.-'v foundations ot the "Ji'uiis church there- •, that ii, / wouKl fuller them to live a-
'j"''
";. fore \ reter fuch curious perfuns as dc- mong them but lather Riccio manag'd
;
ni/'j
«''"''- "lorc fully, to know tlie interpro- things fo dcxtroufly, that in a rtiort time
f.M.:n tation given by the learned, to the Si- he gain'd great cftcem among the princi-
i<'.:.:,fir'uick., and C/.'iiufi' characters that were p.il men ; tor having been lather Cbi-
^'''•''''cut in ir, to the original kept in the Ro- Jlo/her dazio'n Icholar, he was very skil-
vuin college, of the focicty ot 'Jefus, and ful in the mathematicks, to which the Chi-
the copy in the archive ot their profel's'd nefe are much

addicted, and by reafon of
houle. the rarity of leveral watches, and mathe-
t rilii. The catholick religion being afterwards matical inlhumcnts the t.uhers carry'd
I ' " wholly abolifli'd by the perlecution rais'd along with them, they were honour'd as
''f'.^'J^by the
Bonzes, with the ileath ot many men liropt down from heaven lb that -,
not only the vicc-roy of Canton kept

'
chriltians , it arole again in the year

2.^6, upon the coming in of the Great
1 them about him, but the learned came
Cham ot Taitarf, who having with a from remote parts to admire their know-
I Living thus gainM
,^11^
mighty army polVefs'd himlelt of all letige. the good will
the empire of Cbliui, and being well innot only ot the grea' men, but of the
din'd to catholicks, allow'd them the emperor himfelf, in rtiort time they
free exercil'e of theirBut the
religion. jiropagateil the fiith in many parts of
Taiiiiii being afterwards exjJcU'd by the the empire, calling in frcih labourers to
''bi)U'fe, who recover'd their empire, the that plentiful harveft.
chrirtians leaving China, tbllow'd the Tat- The Bonzes growing envious to fee
l,v\, prevent being fubjedt to other
to the gofpel jireach'd lb iiiccefsfully, rais'd 1''
,(1
perfecutions ; fo that tne light of thcgol- great jwrlecutions againfl the miinoneis,
pel was again extinft in that great em- which broke out in racks, imprifonmcnts,
pire, the Chineje going on in the worlhip and haniflimenis, wherein the Chinefe new
of their idols. chrillians borea part. Afterwards the
r. ,„ Alter Xavrrius had in the
St. Francis judges were Ibmcwhat appeas'd, confider-
f
J,...,,', year 1.-42, Iprcid the word of Godtho- ing the great benefit they recciv'd from
VoL, II. 1.111 the
). \
314 A Voyage round the lyorhl Book II.
CwAP.
GtMFtiithp /'lo-i/.-iins, as well in tompofinR of perfecution of 1664. Then having con-
if)q6.
(iifjf .ilm.inack, .iiul the obfcrvations ot liilted with the counfellors of Cli,ki,ini^,
'^'^'V.'cciji.ii;^, ;inilcomets, as on account ot he ask'il lather lntutiCt.i, how it canic io

till- (;ooil (locks anil watches they broimhc pal's, that he being dclign'il lor the pro-
then. Hilt tlis toleration lalletl no lon- vince ot Ki.iiiî:, liv'd in tiiat ol Chekunn,
ger with tl.ein, than ncceirity prcvailM, anil how he had preliim'd to open tin
the covctournils of the Mamlannes at Ic- churih there, attei it had lieen Ihut up m
veral times railing violent llorms againil i(i()4, and how he durll bap'ti/.e .V/'/w./.
our miinoncrs. Serg, a Chinffi, the ihrilUan reliuion be-

At the inlli^.uion of the court of rites ing forbid, and the converting ol CI.Hiii-j'i
aiul ceremonies, when the emperor now to it by the edict ot i6()S. l-.uher Inhi-
rcinîngwas liut li'ven years ot age, ami irhi anfwer'd tin quclHons, but the vite-
le
his tutors governM by realon ot iiis niK roy's malice, being grouinkd on revenue,
nority, an edict was jiulililliM, forbid- was not quellM 1 tor In; lluit up the Uid
dinj; the treding any more churclics to father's iluirch, Iniiiu ail the books, .md
Pfflflllil
11;
the true (lod, or the preaihing of liis
holy law, or any otiier niilUoners coni-
ini; into C.hiKii, yet tiiis was not jnit in
boards tiir Printing (lor the C/jinrJ? way
of printing is by larviiu; on boards) and
banilh'd t.ithcr Inuinia ilie provinie ol
execution, Ix'caufe ot the need the Chi- Cbckiiiiig, ordering him to go live in tin-
iieic had ol' tiie l:urnjH\iiis ; lo tiiat by the city Kif)i-Sljian, of the province of A';
means of the tatiiers refilling at Pcktii^, diigji, turn'd the great cluirchcs through-
"i
fi <^.i' -I ''1*
t\j\\\*ti'''\
the gol'iKl was ureachM throughout the out the whole province into idol teni
wiiole empire. And iho' the Matularhii-s, pics, and the Iniail into fihools, and all
for their own private ends, jiad at i'cveral chrilU.ins to return to their idolatry un-
times, on pretence ot that editt, raisM der moll levere penalties, to be inflict-
tivere perfecutions, yet the tatliers were ed upon all CUne/ds that conceal'd them
itill rcftorM for the n'afons atorelaid. 'Tis true, tome counlellors were not con-
l.iftpcrlc Hut the lail perlL-cution, whereof I in- fcnting to this violent proceeding ot the
urijji.
'
tend to treat, and whicii was fuch .is viie-roy, which nevcrtheli Is he caus'd to
mitîithave utterly dellroy'd the catholick be put in executif)n. Alter this he pre
religion in Cht)ui^ happened in this man- lent' d memorial to the emperor, re-
a
ner. In the year lOSq, the emperor now jirefcnting tliatit was not convenient to
reigning let out from tiie court at 7V- iutVer the Ltiropcain to range about tlie
*;;/^,and taking a progrcls thoroiigii the kingdom, but that they ought to he
provinces ci\ Cbckiiing, Nanking, and Shuiit- drawn all to one place, to m.ike uli; ot
tuhg, lliew'd jwrticular favour to tiic fa- them in tlui mathemaiick';.
thers of the locicty. F.ither Pro/per lu- Whilll this was tr.mlaCting at Cheki-
torccla,a Sicilian, was then fuperior in iina^, the fathers at Peking li.iving notice
the province of Cbckiang. He going out of it, prellnted a petition to the empe-
to meet the emperor, who came atteml- ror, which prevented any furprifing re-
ed by fifty thouland men, having pleas'd Iblution might be taken againfl them ;
the emperor, he was by him receiv'd in- and atterwards having advis'd about this
to his boat. It happened .ifter this, that affair with Shiaolao-je, a Tartar page in
tiie vice-roy of the province coming to great favour with the em|itror, and
the emperor, was prcfently depriv'd of protedor of the chriftian religion, and
Ins employment, an ill account having of the church at Peking, he undertook
been given of his behaviour , and another to deliver the emperor another petition
put into his pl.i.ce. He fufpeded that ill in behalf of the fathers, reprefcnting
otTiccs father Intorceta might have done how unjulMy the vice-roy of Cbekiang
him, iiad been the caufe of his difgrace ; had rais'd a perfecution. The emperor
which m.ide him, and other great men anfwer'd, ihc fathers ought not to be
his friends, conceive a mortal hatred a- furpriz'd at being :noieftcd by the Cbi
gainll the laid father, and wait an oppor- tiefe, becaufc very often even his own
tunity of taking revenge. Tartars were expos'd to it, tho' they
In 1691, the new vice-roy began to were always careful not to olfend him ;
fpit his venom, beginning with the Bon- whereas the chriftians relying on the
•zes of Nancheu, all whole temples he protedtion of the fathers, committed in-
caus'd to be Ihut up piiifuant to the an- fblency, defpifing the infidels, and their
tienr edicts of the kingdom and pro- -, religion, and living apart from them,
ceeding from tiiem to the mifTioners, he dealing only with thofe of their own
examin'd them, to find whether they profelFion, which had produced fuch lu
were newly come, or any of the old ones tred againil them. Neverthelefs the em-
yK;rmiticd to relide in the kingdom, ac- peror having a tender atfedion for the
I urding to tlie edict of 1671, after the milTioners, bid the page tell the fathers,
dicy
; ;
Chap. V. Of CHIN A. 3»5

tlity rtiouKI be of ROOil courapr, (or lie, yXbout the beginning of Miircb theCitMnrt
who the yi'.ir UtoK h.ul c|iicll'il the pcr- courti were again ojicn, and the court •'">''
li'Liitiori ot Shi<iiilui:y^, wouKl atter the of rites made a very ililadvantagcou»'-^^''VJ

time ni.uincr, without any noilr, take oil' report uniler the |Ktition prelented,
th.it ot (-ii'hiiii^. i'lif f.ithcrs going to reviving all the cdifts whicli forbid
the ]i.il.itc to nliirn thwiivs to tiic cm- the Chiih-f( the exercife of the chri-
iitror. lie .I'.kM thtiii, wlicthcr they (tian religion, and allow'd itonly to
woiiKI proceed liy the ulii.il method ot the hiirnpeant. 1 he t.itiiers hearing ot
th.' courts. 'I'iie t.uher. .uilwer'il, they tl-.is ill fucccis, went to the palace,
all
iiiLipi'ii ot hii m.i jelly's l.ivour, hoping lo benio.m thcmlclvcs with Shiac/lno-ji; i
lie would not k-avc their eaule to lie ik-- who dilinili'd them with a proinile, that
<i.kd liy the loiirt ot rites and cere- lie woulil I'peak to the emperor, that an-
monies, whiih \us nia)elly well knew was other petition might be prelented ; the
aveilo to the eatiioJHk religion •, they fathers ullcring to maintain the truth of
whuHv repoliiit; ihemlcives on his ma- their itligion. On the ()tli the empe-
jdly, .iiul liopmjj; ill iiini lor liitcefs, mil ror ,l^k'^l ilic p.igc how the t.itliers iliil,
tliii ilie ivliit (it I'ldS, wiiii.li lorliids the and whether tliey knew what hail betn
ixrnile ot the ehrilliaii iiiigion in C/fc/'/w, deLrccil in then i.iiile. lie anlwir'd
Ihcniid be recallM. tiicy did, and were come very dikon
Tiie tatiiers by means of the fame lol.ite to the palace to beg tomfort
1M[''.', prelented another petition, pray- Iron) his goodntls. 'The emperor hear-
ing iliey might be allow'd the pubiiek ing this, liiid to tlioli; about him, / r'n
txeriite ot iheii religion, and offering ^•//(/w no; -i^hiit frc'iiiltic ihrfc Chinelc
to aiilwer to any argument or qucllion Cnitnldlot \ bavi^ tiy_.iiiijl the I'airope.ins t
propoi'd l)y lluir ailverlaries. 'l'w.» ihii a noxv ibc ihtrd time, I have jigni-
days alter,they reaiv'd the emperoi's f\'d lo them it is my li'ill, lo favour
aniwer, which was, 1 hat the petition Ihem in uhat they ask concerning their
was not in iluc lorm, to obtain what Law. I thought the Petition prefented
iliey defir'd. On the •;th ot January tne, very means lo make way for
a
ii)<)i, Shhwiio-jc went to the fathers grant in;i their Rjquejl \ but thefe objU-
houle, by the emix;ror's order, and ta- nate M> have put me by it j fo that
I
•!'.* iff
thein afidc into a private cham-

.
Lin'; ilireourj://^ with the Kolao upon the Re-
ber', intorm'd them, that his majelly foluiion oj the (kiirt of Rights and Ce-
finding tiie petition unlit to aniwer remonies, I could not perfuude them in
their and pitying their futler-

lietign, have it amended, or noJerated, fo that I
ing-, fent them a rough draught in the was forced lo fgn tl. The next day the
Tiirtar tongue, not quite pertetl, to emperor lent to the faiiurs, to bid them
Ihow them how it ought to be, yet fo not be lall down, but to have patience,
th.it they migiit add to, or take from it, and not pretipit.ite the bulinels.
at tiieir pleallire. The fathers kneel- On the eleventh, the decree was no-
liiig, toucli'd the ground with their heads lify'd to the fathers in torni. On the
;is die cullom is, to exprels their grati- iSth, the emperor call'd SofanUw-je hi.s
imie lor tiiis tavour and kindnefs. Ihcn father-in-law, a Tartar by nation, and
ilicy went to liie palace to return thanks, grandfath.r to the prince that was
and extol the elegancy ot tiie copy, fworn heir to the ciown, and telling
asking leave to prefeiu it the next him what had happened in relation to
day. He, to remove the difficulty that the anfwer given to the petition, pre-
Ito'od in the way ot having the petiti- lentetl by the he very fharp- fathers,
on examin'd by the court, order'il
lirll ly like a Tartar anfwer'd. That His Ma-
that the Pemcira and Antony
fathers jejly ought not to permit ftich Injujlice lo
'Tlomiii fas publick pcrlbns in the em- be done ; but in this Cafe, it v.-ould be fit to
pire, .iinl of the mathematical court) Prerogative ; and lo perfuade him fo

ufe his
flioiild prelent it in their name, which lo do,put him in mind of the Services done
was ilone upon CdHillem,is-6,\y. 'I'hat the Empire by the Europeans, iniihout
lame id day of hfbnt.iry the fathers any Reivard, and that now they were de-
had notice, that their caule had lieen re- ry'd fo jufl a Requejl, as the publijhing of
fcrr'd by the council of the Kolao (this their Law, which was known to be good
is the liiprcme council of Pekinq^, the and agreeable And proceed-
lo Reafon.
I- .lOlfe
countHlorg being the eniix;ror's alfef- ing in he aikled. Thai
his dilcourli;,
liir".) ro the court of rites and ceremo- would to God the whole Kingdom were Cbri-
nies, for them to give their opinion in it Jiians, for then they might fpare the t'x-
but tlie refoluiion was put off, by rea- pence of fo great a Tûmber of Soldiers
ibn of the neariiels of the Chuiefe great to fecure it againji Robbers and Rebels
.»,i •:- VI
trifival. for in above thirty Tears your Majefty has
I;* |!ni,i;-
3i6 A Voyage round the JVorld, Book ![. I ^hap.
Cemei.i.1 Reigu'il, it has never been beared that the nefe milTion, and the confirmation of it
i6g6. Chrijliaiis promoted any Rebellion in the dtlir'd from Rome.
'-'^'^J Provinces ivhere they live, and uhilft I was In purfuancc to the emperor's order,
Kolao, / was well acquainted with the Re- the matter was debated in the palace,
havionr of thefe Men, and with that of in the pretence of Sofanlao-je ; whence
the Xolcian vr Bonzes. 7hefe Men are he went with it, the iame day to the
ready to ferve your Majejly, without de- council of the Kolaoi, who approv'd the
fning any Honour or Riches for their Pains, prorcediiiiT, but diii not inti-rt the ch;i-
but "only the Libet'ty of Preaching their Re- ratter the laid lord had given of our
ligion, i'our Majejiy is very jenjtble how religion, who not being able to per-
much Pains they have taken in reforming fuade them to mention it in the decree,
the Kalendar the Benefit of the great Guns
•, however, oblig'd them to give an ac-
call by their diredions, an he advantage '
count of the lerviccs done by the Eu-
of the Peace fettled with tlje Mufcoviies ropeans. The rclbhition being pafs'il,
hs their means. The emperor li.iving they all tubtirrib'd it, antl prcfentcd it to
hcml all this dilcourle, anfwer'cl, Tou the cm|)cror, the fame day. On the 2 ad,
are in 'he righfy but the Sentence is pajl, the emperor (ign'd the decree, wherein
low can It be recall'd 'f Sollinlao-jc re- he granted his lubietls liberty to become
jily'il, lour Majejly in:i\ make ufe of your chrilUans, abolifliing the loriiur pro-
Prerogative, and not permit the Court of hibitions. The decree in Englijh ruiu
* .:i^:;r?
Rites and Ceremonies
emperor was furpriz.M
to
anfwcr;
do wrong.
at this
'1 lie thus.
Ku-patai (a Name given him, be<-vifi- ])....
but loon after refolving what was to be the totality of the Prefident of the Lciin:.\ ,
lione, liiiti, I will fend C'ijrs to the Coun- of Rites had been taken from him) with'-''''-
lil, or Court, to recall 'be Judgment gi- due refpeit informs your Majejly. IVe the'' '
fen againfi the Europeans, und to t.ike Counfellors of the Council of Riles alfemblcd,
this affair again more fedat 'ly into confider- and confulted upon Examination find, ilhi:
,
ill-- .11.' iition ; but it ivili be fit that you go to the the Europeans come from 9000 Leaûa
Counfellors, and Kolaos, and make them didance by Sea, out of yfj/ec/ion to your
t'-i<' >y Jenfible of the Injuftice of the Decree, urg- good Government, and r.t this
Alajejliei time
\^'i' have the charge of the Alathonaticki
ing the tame reafons you have laid before -,
ii>
me. That lord, a Tartar by birth, time of War carefully made Martial hn-
but a catholick in inclination^ oli'er'd gina, and cajl great Guns, :ind being fo::
m:P'% ;!^ . to tlo as he was orderM ; and according- to the Mwicovnci, fatthjully commenced and
ly on the iQih, went to the council o( concluded the Treaty. The Merit wm
the Koliio and the court oC rites to ac- great % the I'.uropeans who live here in the
quaint them with all that has been here fever al provinces, are not vicious, nor do
lit down, pcrfuading them fo efFcchi- they endeavour to dijlurb the Publick Peace,
ally, that they own'd, that the decree nor do they draw People after them wdk
had pals'd out of a jcaloufy that many falfe Dotlrine, or ufe fallacies to fiir up Re-
embracing the catholick religion, there bellion. If every one be allow'd to ^ô to
wouki tumults and rebellions enfue in IVorfljip in theTemples of the Bon/.cs, ;(
m~J. the kingdom. And this good lord's
dexterity in this aifair was well worth
feems unreajonable to deny the fame Liber-
ty to the Europeans, who do nothing contra-
oblerving, for he, tho' no friend to the ry to the Laws. It is certainly necelfarj
prcfident of the court of rites, who was that the Churches in all places be prejerv'd
a Chinefe Kolao, yet, to oblige him, in lis they were before, and tt is not fit to for-
fpeaking, h." gave him the title of Loo- bid any that will go in to them to pay their
fieu-fang, which fignifies, lord-mafter, Woiflnp, but that they be permitted to re-
a title of f^rcat honour and refpcift: pair thither at Pleafure. IVe exped the
among the Chinefe; by which means he day when your Majejly' s Order Jhall come to
oblig'il the prefident to be for the fa- us, that it may beptibliff.i'din this Court and
thers. Having acquainted the cn,pc- Province, we the Counfellors of Riles ml
ror with his proceedings, and that the daring to ajfume this Authority, but uilh
counfellors were well difpos'd, he or- all Refpeit reprefent it, and pray your
iler'd that two Tartar Kolaos (hould fig- Majefiies Order,
nify his pleafure,which was, that Sofan- The king approv'd of the rcfolution, i.
lao-je lliould be prefent when the matter nnd the fathers went to return him thanks, n:.
Kôr-,
mm was debated by the Chinefe counfellors,
that it might be in favour of the fa-
thers. This alteration in the emperor's
mind happening on the igth of March,
which is St. Jofeph's day, this fiint was
The was publiih'd, and the vice-"
liecree
roy with regret, by the emperor's order,
made good their loflcs, open'd the church-
es, and rcHor'd all things to father hilor-
ceta who having again return'd thanks
1
therefore chokn protector of the Chi- to the emperor, was allow'd as a favour
to
Chap. VI. 0/ C HIN A. 317
to go along with fuller /liitoit^j Thomas, mathcm.uician being there at prcfent, Ge.mei.h
wli'o witli cKc tiilc ot his m.ijcllies en- and with him father Suar,'z. ''")(''
voy, attcmlei-t by two Ttti tars, was go- In the third church reliJed father Gri- 1>^/^0
in" to meet father Philip Cuimaldi, now maidi lliperior and vice-j-rovincial, with
returning out of Europi: I'hey went all the fathers Pcrcira, Roitrigucz. and Offo-
tour to Macao, to congratulate the fa- no. It ll.uids in the f.'iiiie Tartar city
tiier tronj the (•m|)eror i and the vice- on the well fide, therefore call'd Si-
roy of Canton hinilelf, by his nia jellies tang, near the gate Sunchimiicn, and is
ortler, went with other Mandarines to the antientell: and bell of them all. It
pcrlorm the fame function, acconling to has three altars well adorii'd, and a
the cullom ot the country, which is to good niitward front with two turrets
toucl* the ground widi the head nine on the fides. The emperor allows for
times, jnaying f()r the emperor's health, their maintenance fuch a quantity of
witli the ceremonies aljovemention'd. rice, oil, fugar, Ipicc, filt, wood, (which
'I'hf city of Macao pert'orm'd the fame is fcarce in Peking) and other things, that
towards fither Grimaidi, fo great is the the French fathers told me it amounted
rel'pect paiil and fer-
to tiie favourites, to the value of a hundred Leans, or a
vants of the emperor of China, not on- hundred and twenty live pieces of eight r-'»
ly liy the fubic(!'ts, but by himfelf, who for every lather, 'i'his ami the rent of
hid lent mefiengers three times Iwfore fome and houles, keeps the Pcr/ii-
fliops
to welcome the atbrefaid father. Thus guefe fathers well cnouj^h, widiont Hand-
the very means that were to have been ing in neeti of any lupplies from their
the ruin of tiic catiiolick religion, by country. It is not lb with the French fa-
(iod's permifTion, ferv'd to ellablilh it thers, who live very bare, tho' they
the llronger. happy liicccls, After this have as much allow'd them from France,
all the fathers, who were confin'd in Iwcaule it is dear living at court, and
Canton, return'd to their churches, and tho' the emperor feveraltimes he went
the religion belore privately profefs'd to lee them, ask'd whether they want-
ill China, and as it were by Health, by ed any thing, yet they out of niodelly
reafon of the edicHs forbidding it, is anfwer'd in the negative. It is proper
now as publickly pre.ich'd as in Europe. here to obferve, that when the emperor
Still churches are erecting throughout all goes to fee the Porluguefe, or French fa-
the empire to the true (ioti, tho' fonie thers, they mult turn .dl their fervants
opposM it ; being now authoris'd by the out of the houle, and le.ive all the doors
aforel.iid decree, which is to be feen in of the cupboards open, to fliow tliere is
gold letters, oVvT the door of every nor.L hid within.
catiiolick clnircli. 'I'he life the Jefuits told nic they lead
« In I'cL-iw^ the Jc/nits have three church- there, ishard antl troul)lelbnic, for
\zr<f
'^•cs. (^ne is within the tirll enclofure of every day at fun-riling, the fathers Gri-
rlic belonging to the French i'i-
palace, tnaldi, Gerhillon aiul Fcntane are to go
tliers where father I'ontane is fupeiior,
-, to the palace, either to teach the em-
allilled by the fathers Gcrbiilon, Bud, peror, or to receive his onlers, and if
I'l 'dahu, and a Ccrman father, whole any one fails of going any morning, he
iKiiiif? is Kilian Stumps, all greatly learned is prefently fent for, and there they Hay
ill the matheiiiaticks, and well reatl in till afternoon. The other fathers are
oiher f( iences, being cholen by the I0- cmploy'd in making mathematical in-
<ii'ty by the kin;; ot I'rancc's order, at flrumcnts, mending clocks, or running
tlie requ'.lf of the kiivr of Siam ; whence up and down fo , that father Grimaldi
(after Ills death) it almoft nine years
is told me he would willingly change his
linre they pals'd through the city of life for that of a gally-llave, where he
Nimpn into China, and lettled tlieinlelves fliould at hall h.ive fonie hours to reft ;
at Peking, notwithllandiiig the vigorous and he luither com])lain'd that the em-
oppofition made againfl their fixing there, peror will have the dil'poljl of all things,
Iiy fame fo-
the Portugucfc fathers of the and even remove the fathers from one
1 iety. lowever at prelent they are ve-
1 place to another, meaning the German,
*:tl
ry mil :h in the emperor's favour, who whom he brought over, antl the empe-
<;,ivc them a houle within the aforcfaid ror had appointeil him to live with the
.tirtf ciiclolure, where now their lodgings /rcnJ.K Hut he had lutlicient caule to
and church are building. (omplaini tor coming from the palace,
'i'he lecond church is in the caft quar- on the 2uh ol 'Jfune, he tell oil" from his
mule, and his toot hanging in the llir-
r('r of the 1'arlar city, and is call'd 'lu-
lani, where t.ither Sihiro was fiiperior, rup, he was ilragg'd twn niufket lliot, i mm
who went to be billiop at Nanking, fi-
r .'t>!i'in\' nomas oi Samur, a good
with peril of his life, one of his eyes
being ahnofl beaten out, tho' afterwards y .
%
\'i IV. m 111 m M he
I : I'll*
\^\h Mi
3i8 A Voyage round tie JVorld. Book II.
C.EMFI.I.I being curM by a furgeon

he rccovciM, right of being patrons, or proprietors
1(196. him by the emperor. They lio not
ft;nc of the mifl'ion of China, the king oi Por-
(.>'WJonly attend the emperor with lb much ai- tugal and tlie Portiiguefe, fuflcring no
fiduity, that in winter their very hair miinoners of other nations to go any
freezes to their faces, but tiie Chiiieji chri- other way into that empire, but through
fti.ins, for tiie good of their fouls, keep- Lisbon, that they may there firll fwcar
ing Chiiiefe exorcids whom they main- fidelity to the king of Portugal, and yet
tain, at the gates of Peking to baptize they are not afterwards maintain'd by
children expos'd, which are thrown down him in China. Nor can he fend fathers
before tiie gates of tiie city, and arc in enough out of his own kingdom, or
danger of death. Father OJforio told me, much left maintain them, lb that if the
there were about thirty thoufiind baptiz'd king of Spain does not take part in that
in a year, before they are carry'd to the million, the Portiigtteje will make no great
liofpital of Miau, or a Paged alTign'd for progrefs tliere, nor will they be able to
bringing of them up ; and he added fur- hold out long.
ther, tliat tiiere were above forty thoulimd The Chinefe nation is lb fond of itfelf,
expos'd every year, whereof many thrown that it looks upon ail others as barba-
into tile common fhorc, are ftarv'd to rous, and unpolilh'd. Yet the European
deatii witli cold. midloners begin to undereive them by
thrirti.v,s 'I'here arcabout two hundred thouland printing hve hundred books of the law
in Ci.'iiJ.i.
cJuilVians tliroui;hout the empire of Chi- of God, wiiicli they havccompos'd vvitli-
na, ferv'd by niifTioners of fiveral orders, in lels than an age ; having tranOated
wiio to Ipcak tiie truth are much oblig'd the holy bible, and the works of St. Tho-
to tlie Jeliiits in Peking, who in all pcr- mas. In Peking they have a good libra-
mm
lecutions have flood up againft tlie mary of European and Chinefe books, where
lice of the Mandarines in defence of the I liuv the map of the world, put into Cht-
fatiicrs,who are fpread alout the king- iiefe diaraders, but fquarc, tliofe people
„ . dom looking after their cliiirchcs. Nor being of opinion that China lies in the
\
could any other order mainiain itfclf, middle, and the other kingdoms about it
as tiie reform'd I'yancifcans and milno- like illands.
ners of the clergy, own'd to me becaulb -, I'or as much

as the war between the 1\,
to pleafe the emperor, it is requifitc they Afufcovitcs and Chinefe was brought to' ;'
"
fliould know how to do every thing, to an end, liy the conduct of the fathers,"""
'
compofe their almanack in three lan- it will be convenient before we con-
'ffir.;"l; !" guages, with the motions of the planets, dude tiiis cliapter, to give a Ihort ac-
and mofl confiderable flars ; to obferve count of that expeilition. The empe-
mm:-: eclipfes, and make all forts of mathe- ror lell at variance, and broke with tlie
'•Slit-r -1-1 matical inftruments, as alfo to mend Mitfc'jviles on account of tlic pearl fifli-
clocks, and dillill waters, bccaufe the cry, of the city and lake of Nepe-h\u 1
Chinefe love the Europeans for their own but then confidering they might join
intcrcft. And thus the mifTion is kept with the Tartar-Elulh, to the damage nt
up, not only of the fathers of the fo- the kingdom he polTelVes in tlic eaftern
ciety, but of flxteen Spanijh reform'd Tartar-^ ; he difpatch'd one of his fi-
Vrauciuam, of ten Dominicans, and of thers-in law, a Tartar petty king, with
five Spaniards of the ortler of St. y4u- the fathers Pereira and CerbiUon, to con-
gujlin, who are maintain'd by the charity clude a peace with them. That Tartar
of the king of Spain. Thus the French petty king being come near to the fron-
I j|M]jrriinnj T !
clergy -men are tolerateil, who live in
j
tiers ot Mitfcovy, indifcreetly drew up

rommiinity upon the revenues they have the (Irength of his horfe to llrike a
in France, dillribuiing every little fup- terror into thofe people, and then iti
jily fent them among all the millions of a haughty manner laid to them. My
China, Cochinchina, Stam, and Tanking. E.mperor of his own Bounty allows you to
'*"* -*
:''m' 'l"he worll provided arc the Poriugiiefe
I
I -is
I'ijh only in flic h a part of the Lake. The
fatliers, who about the em-
live dif(x;rs'd Mufcovites anfwer'd theie haughty words
•,:
pire to the number for having
of forty , with liorn, laying, Tbc\ gave the Empe-
? t
no revenue but the biOiop of Aliin/lcr's ror of China no thanks for it, becaiife tbc)
legacy, and the little that comes from had that already ; and lb in a paflldn
Portugal divided among lb many, it does turn'd away without hearing any more
not hold our to keep them, and they of the peace. The
Tartar was lorry 10
cm exped no relief from the wretched fee the treaty broke olV, fearing he
chriftian Chinefes ; for tlie rich men, and might be in danger at his return, wtll
Mandarines do not become chrillians, knowing how defirous the cmixiror wis
Venule they will not quit their inany to entertain a good corielix)nacncc uitli
v.ives. Yet ilitfc r.i'.licrs IsoM fall their the Muscovites, not for fear of them, wl.o
cannot
Chap. VI. 0/ C HIN A. V9
cannot raile above loooo men, but only true, of the impL-rial 7'./r/(7r)r,GEMEi.i.i
that traft
''"^''•
to prevent incrciifini^ the forces of the under the emperor ol Cliiia, is of a valt
who are ,il- '-^^"^
I^liilij I'.i'itin of the weft, e.Ktent , but it is lb del'ert and woody,
w.iys :»t war with the (;niiHr()r, infefting that as to worth, it may be accounted
the imperial continual in-
Tnrlary witii very little ; only a few poor Tartars
ciirfions. And tho' the eniperor of Chiiui inhabiting in hovels, without hoult's, like
h.is more numerous forces, yet ilie Cbl- tiie anticnt Niimidiaiis, or ILimasobites,
ii.'i'c are
not fo good foldiers as the T.ir- who being wholly employM in a pallo-
l,irs, who are enur'd to liardfhip, and ral had not fo much as houfes,
life,
crofs Icveral defcrts in a wcci-;s time, with but went about with their portable huts,
only a fiLk of meal at their crupper, il'ttling wherefoever they thought fit.
ami fa'd on camels and horlcs v whereas The prcfenc emperor of Tartar^, in or-
the Cbiiiell' are fo dainty, that they go der to civilize, begins to make them
to war witii all conveniences ; nor do build towns, and gather them into bo-
they tiiink of going beyond the fron- dies, having forty petty kings and prin-
tiers, \i the others do not come to them.

ces, who are tributary to hnn, among
'J'hcrcfore the cmjKror, to prevent the whom arc the Tartars, callM Fautazes i;>
burnini}; of his country, which is remote and X,'Jsas, who can raill- lomc fevcn,
i'nun Ptk'nig, by 150000 horfe, that'/Wr- fomc twenty thouland horfe, oftlic Ihag-
t,ir king can bring into the field, en- by plunder.
lers that live Tlu curioufcll:
(liMVoiirs him quiet, by paying
to keep thing to be found in tl'.is uncourli tract
him a fum of money, and to hinder ot land (.IS the fathers Grimaldi, Ger- { -I'
him by all means polllble from grow- iiHon, and Pereira told me; are great
uvj, more powerful war being the prin-; bridges of a wontljrlul llruchire, which
cipal revenue of thnfe [icopie, who have they lay over rivers for the emperor to
no other inheritance but their bow and par, over, often joining mountains with
arrows. them.
Father Percira perceiving that petty When the Chinefe ambalTidor came ^^'a ' vv
king and ambaffidor, was much concern- to Peking, the emperor was well pleas'd "»'"^"'-
'""
ed at his ill management of that cmbafTy, with the agreement, which the Tartar
own'd was owing to the fathers. Next
. !
iiii
0\
he otVer'd to go to the Mofcovites camp,
to fet the treaty on foot again. At firft came the ambafllidors from the great
the Tartar refus'd, fiying, the Mofco- duke of Mufco'j), whom the emperor
vites ivere a fierce people, ami -wouLl iiiur- receiv'd fitting on a throne rais'd twenty
tli-rhim, and he Jhoiild he anfwerablc for fleps above the ground, whither he af- \:m
him to the emperor, ivho had put him into terwards m.ide them afcend to .Irink and ;
hi i power. On the contrary, lays father iho' they at firll refus'd to touch the
Pereira, they are rational and civil peo- ground with their heads, according to the
j'l.i, anilI dure undertake to compofe mat- cultom of the counti 7, at .ft they con- 1
ters Kith them. In conclufion he went, fentetl. They

mucli aiimir'd to fee a
and when the Tartar was apprchenfive Tartar family in fuch majefty, decla-
of his death, he after two days return'd ring they could not find whence it came,
with the of peace, where-
capitulations tho' they had travel I'd all that vaft coun-
at tlic
zed with joy.

was much furpri-
petty king
Attir that the Mofco-
try (for
days journey
the Mofccviles
in
from Mojlozv, within tlnir own domi-
their
come twenty
way to Peking,
m
r.'.'.M triMtfd the 1\ir!.ir generoufly, and
he VI ry fparingly retuTu'd their enter- nions) in which is a confidcr.ible part of
tainment. Tartar^, which the emperor makes little
The Chinefe ambaflador having aken account of, having rais'd himfclf from
jiis leave, rcturti'd to Peking, crolFrng a homely tent to the ftatclieft palace in
li'veral defcrts by the way, without the world.
liiiding town or city to rcll in. 'Tis ''M
i
'"!^H
C H A P. VI.
Of the Antiquity of the Empire of China ; of the Ftiliie the Chinefe put tipon
their Empire ; of the Nitmher of Cities, and other Places \ and of tlx Eami-
lia an ' ôxth it contains.
|r jiuior' r!"^!!!'" interpreters of the Chinefe hi- I le brought the fiivagc and wandring men
fni'ntC':.
J^ deduce the original of that
(Vory to live in Ibticty, whereas before they
great monarchy from I'ubi, who began
'"''
liv'd like beafts ; and they having after-
ills reign in the year .19 )2, before Chrift. wards Icarn'd the art ot tillage, and others
. ot
;;;» ii
320 y/ Jôyage round the World. Book II.
Gemflli of Xtnnum, began to live more reguhir- A Numeyual Table of the Twenty Tu;o
1696. ly in villages. Imperial Families and Emperors, and
l>^v'%J In the year 2697, before Chrift reignM, the Tears they Reign' il.
Iloamli, call'd the fair emperor, or ra-
ther yellow, becaufe he took that colour, Families.
which is allow'd to none but the empe-
rors. This emperor, with the aflillance
of Tiinca, perfedeil the Chiiiefe period,
or cide of lixty years, invented mulick,
and mufical inllruments, as alfo arms,
nets, carts, (hips, and carpenters work.
By the invention of his queen Luy-fu, he
brought up the keeping of filk-worms,
and of dying and weaving filk. He in-
llituted fix Au/rto.(, orpil.ne minifters of
the kingdom, and compos'd feveral books
of piiyfkk.
Hoamti dying, Xao-IIao fucceeded him
in the year 2577, and b(;gan to build and
endofc the city with walls invented new -,
mufick, and brougiit up the cuftom of

having c;irts drawn by oxen.
Xao-Uao dy'd 2517 years before Chrift,
'U: and was lucceeded by Kuen-Hio, granti-
I'on to Hoamti, who ordain'd that the on-
ly emperor on earth fliould offer facrifice

in folemn manner to the fupreme empe-
ror of heaven. He alio invented the Ka-
IM ienclar, and order'd the year lliould be-
gin \v':h tlie next new moori to the be-
•^m.'-ing of ipring, which in C/.'!«.? anfwers
to tiie tilth degree of Jqtiariiis.
In 24i7, before Chrift, Kucn-IIio dyW,
and Tiio his grandfon fucceeded him. I'his
man had four wives, he appointed mafters
to teach the people, and found out vocal
mufick.
After thefe princes came thofe two ce-
lebrated emperors and iegiflators io, and
Xum, from whom the civil rites, and po-
litical inrtitutes are derivM. They reign'd
a hundred and fifty years, which added to

five hundred eighty feven, the other fix
betbre tiiem liv'd, make feven hundred
tiurty five ye.-.rs.
The impe-ial families are defcended

froi.- rhofc tvo founders of the Chbuy
nation, and imm the aforementioned
fix emperors, in whom the fupreme
dignity, and goi'crnment of the Cbi-
t!i\lc monarchy con'inu'd till thefe latter
times. In all they reckon twenty two
of them, that is, and
nine great ones,
thirteen lelfer, amonir whom is inclu-
ded this family of the eaftern Tartan,
which at this prefent rules the Tartar
and Chinefe empires. They may all be
fern briefly put together in the following
table.
;.) M.>;|' ^
ri'lJU if I
>
M
li!
^°°Îi|chap. VI. 0/ C HIN A. 321
405?, great monarchy begun
fincc tliis Ihould be any rule or way
to attain to Gemei i.r
in )'iw, and has continu'ii ever lince with- virtue, and that there Hiould be another '^^•
out any interruption. cannot but We faith, and another law ? And it hap-*-*^"^
own, there is no kingiloni or ftatc in the pens very often that the laid lathers dif-
world, that can boalt of (b ancient a race courfing of learning, ot religion, and
ofkine;s, lo numerous, and fo well con- the European Iciences, they ask whether
tinii'd.' The monarchies of the Ajfuiaus, we have and being told we
their books ;
the Pcrfidiis, the Greeks, and the Romans have not, they wonder and
reply with
are at an much lliorter dura-
end alter a amazement. If you have not our books
tion ;
of China Hill Hands, like
and this in Europe, nor our writinf>;s, .as you own,
a !j;rcat river that nevir cealijs running. what learning, or what letters can you
'I'iiis lon^^ continuance and antiquity, bc- have i*
fuifs oihi_T excellencies ot Cbuhi, fill tlie They have given fevr.ral names tothatN.imc: of
Cbiirh' with pride, looking upon their own great empire, for every time a new fa- Chiiu.
cinnire as the greated, and fo every thing mily got into the throne it gave it a new
(.lie belongs to them, and defpifing
iliit name. l-"rom the family betbre this, it
other nations ; which is the reaibn they took the name of Tai-mim-que, that is.
: make fo little account of them. In their The kingdom of gre; t Orightnels. But
-
maps they defcribe Chinr. fqu.ire, and ve- the Tartars, who now govern, call it
ry large, and reprefent the oclier king- Tai-cimque, or kingdom of great purity.
doms about it without any order, or But as tlierc were formerly fome reigns
geographical method, making them lit- famous, either for thtir long continu-
tle, and inconfiderable with ridiculous ance, or rhe virtue of the kings, or
.'.nd contemptible names. As for in- number of learned men, lb tlieir names
Ihuice Sido-gin-que, or the realm where have been preferved, and are Hill us'd in
the inhabitants are all dwarts. hiu-gin- their books, as for inftancc, thofe of
ii-ir, where the inhabitants arc women. Hiaque, Xainque, Keuque, Uarque, &c.
Kucn-fui-que, the kingdom where the in- by which it appears that thefe names do
habitants have a hole tn their belly. The import China, but were given rather to
kingdom where the inhabitants have a diftinguifh the feveral reignirg families,
man's body, and dog's face. I'lie king- than to exprcfs the realm it telf. In
I'o-.Ti where the inhabitants have fuch the memorials prclcnted to the king,
long arms that they hang down to the and in their books it is generally c:\\VA
ground i and the like. In lliort, they Xamque, that is, high and fovereign
r.ill the Tartars, tlie Japcnek; the peo- kingdom. The learned in their writings
ple of Corea and Tm:'<ii:g by tlie name of ufe the word Kum-hoa, which lignifies,
the four barbarous nations. They lay llower in the middle ; yet after all, the
liicre arc I'cventy two kingdoms out of moft antient and common name among
GxK.i which they defcribe little, in the the Cbinefe, is Kum-que, or miiklle king-
niidit ot the lea like nut-fliells and the dom, as believing China to be in the t\^
ma
•,
inhabitants of them brutal, and monllrous, middle of the world, or elfe becaulc
1:1,1 of fuch ridiculous lliapcs, that they the firlt king of China fettled his court
•ire more like monkeys, or wild bealts in the province of Ilonan, which was
\\\x\\ men. The Jmits in thele latter times then the center of the kingdom -,
or elle
hiving made them acqtiainted with liu- becaule they cfteem above all others,
it
y-ivc, they have inferted it into their maps, as appears by the hyperbolical name
a:ul plac'd it in the midlf ol the tea, as if they give it of Ticn-hia, or the king-
It were lone Imall illan.l. They divide dom that contains all there is under hea-
heaven into twenty eight conftellation:,
t!ie ven. Thus when any one fays, Tien-
aiulChina into as many parts, to each ot hia-tui-pim, that is, under heaven is
all
which they alTign a conftellation, giving in peace, it is the lame as if he laid China
it fame name
the not leaving one tor 1 is at peace.
the other kingdoms. They give their As the Chimfe have given names of N'.imci ot
own provinces lofty and ftately titles, and contempt to other kingdoms, and na-contempr
(all other countries by barbarous and tions, fo others have repaid them in the 8" <-''•' "^'^
dflpicuble names. lame coin. For the weflern Tartars call'"''

r
'i'hey have to lofry a conceit of their Ilarakitai, or black barba-
the Chinrfe,
own kingi.lom, that when they are con- rians,and give the fame name to the
vinced by the mitlioners with demontlra- kingdom. The Mufcoviles imitate the
live arguments, they anl'wer with afto- Tartars in this point, giving the Chinefi
iiiHimcnt, Kttm-qiic-ki-vac ? Uoon-ijcu- the name of Kitai, as do the kingdoms fi'v
.:) ? which lignifies : What is this we ot Shiahamalaha, of Tumet, or Tiket, and

Ice i' What is it we hear i" Is it polllble that of Ui'angue, but thefe corrupting the
that without this great empire there word Kitai, call it Calai, and the mer-
Vol.. IV. N n n n chants
m
'\22 A Voyage round the World B"»K II. I Chap.
G EM BLLi clients coming from InJoflan, Cata'io; by 297; Spanijh, or Por!ugii,'fc leagues.
ibgO. plainly appears that the king- 42() French leagues.
^viiich it
^-"'^'''^cioii of Cataioy of which father Andrade 255 German leagues.

fpeaks account of 'Tibft, is no o-
in his 1020 Italian miles.
iher but China, ami that the words Ca- 40S0 Chinefe furlongs.
taio and Hiii akitai are the fame. Never- But taking the gr.;atfll breadth of Ci/.
thclefs Baiidniml, and others, will have na from Tamcbam. the molt eaflcrn part
Cataj, or Cathtiy to be one of the king- of the province of bordering
Leaoltin^,
doms of the Great Tarlary, by the an- on the kingdom ot Corea to Tu/ntim, the
tients call'd Seri, and ftretching out eall- wefternmolt point of the province of
ward, between the imperial Canary on Xenji, it is
the north, China on the foutii, and fur- ^.',0 SpaniJI) leagues.
chejlait on the wcft which by h'm is
;,
r.,00 French leagues,
alio callM Kara Catbai, where arc the 300 German leagues.
glllPi Scythians, call'd Alani, in that Scythia
within mount Imam. But China may be
1200 Italian miles.
5400 ChineJ? furlongs.
call'd Cathay of the Cataini Tartan, who This cm[)ire on the call is bounded c-rf-
pofTefs'd themfelves of it with the A7«- by the on the north byi'jii.
ocean,
'liSli cani. The eaitern Tartan have j;iven it a
e.-.llern
long wall dividing it from Tar/:iry;^'"ôrL

no Nica-corum, that
better title, calling it on the well by vail high mountains
is, kingdom of barbarians, tho' now they and fandy dcferf;, Icparating it from
«?;; are fix'd in, and are mailers of it, they fcveral kingdoms ; and on the fouth by
call it Tulimpa-coriim, that is, middle the ocean. It is divided inco fifteen pro-
kingdom. vinces, which for their extent, wealth,
Length of ^'^'^ ^'^'' empire is feated at the fur- and (ruitfulncls, may better be call'd
Cl-iH,i. thcil callcrn part of Afia. The Cbinrfi large kingdoms
thin provinces (,) -,
in their maps reprefent it fqu.ire, pre- which mull be added Leaotung, a coun-
tending it has equal breadtii and length, try not inferior to any province. This
but according to the bell account of the and eight of tlie provinces lie along the
Europeans^ it is rather oval. It reaches callcrn .md Ibuthern ocean ; fix others,
2 { degrees from north to foutli, that is, four arc enclos'd on all fides by the rell
from the fort of Cai-pim, on the fron- two arc feparatec! by high mountains,
tiers of tlic province of Pd-ing, in 41 from the otlicr ;;ingdoms of Ajia, ami
degrees ol north latitude, to the fbu- one by the wall from Tartar^, as is al-
thernmoll point of the ifland of Aainnn, io /'((7)/i; and Leaolung, but thcfe arc
\n 18 degrees of latitude, fouth of the reckoned before upon the fca, and fo is
i'-;\'
province of Canton. Thus the length Tun-nan, which on one fide jorders on
of China, according to the Chinefe books, the kingdom of Tunquin. Thelc j"o-
is vinccs are call'd Peking, Nanking now
5750 Lt, or Chinefe furlongs, at 250 cill'il Kiam-nam, Xanfi, Xantung, ){r,naii,
to a degree. Xei.Ji, Chiekian, Kiamfi, Hiiqtiam, Suchiim,

402 Spanijh or Portuguefe leagues and Fokiam, y^nanti/ng, yîamfi, Fiinnan, ^ûh-
a half, al'.)wing 17I to a degree. cbicit,and the country of Leac/uiii^,
575 t'S'ich leagues at 25 to a degree. which might well ileferve the name of a
Gcrwrt;/ leagues at i^to a degree.
^45 province, but the Chinefe place it un-
;So Italian miles at 60 to a degree.
I der the province of Xantung. The pro-
But it we would take the greateit length vinces that border on foreign nations,
of China, it mull be mcifur'd from the are FA-ing, Xanfi, Xenfi, Suchtien, Fur-
north call point of the province of Lcao- nan, and .'ihtamf. So that Cliiveritu, who
Illffr iun^, call'd Cai-Tuen, to the iail city of

the province of Kiin-nan, call'd Chinticn-
k'.M-min-fu, and then the grcatell length
alFigns eighteen provinces to China,
mifinform'd •, for the kingdoms of Tun-
was
quin and Cuchinchina, which he reckons

of the empire will be as provinces of China, are no way fuhjcc't
r,7.^ SpaniJI.) leagues. to it, and tho' they were under it lomc
750 French leagues. few years, they have been a long time
450 German leagues. excmjit from its jurifdidlion. There Ida; I.
iHoo Italian miles. are feveral illands depending on Chvi,i at
8400 Chincje furlongs at the rate of foL:!- the great and little Licu-kieu-Taivnn,
and a halt to an Italian mile. which the Portiigitefe call Formofa Hu-
;
^- ^
^'_ Its breadth taken from 'he point of nan, Il-amzan, on which is feated the ci-
;
1; ^
""•"'" Nimpo,
a lea- port town of the province ty Amngao, or Alacao, upon its fouthern-
ot Chqitian, to the utteimofl part of the moll point, ;,nd abun lance of other in
province of Suchtien, in a Itrait line call habited and Uv'fert i'^.ands. The king-
.ind wf II js dom of Corea is not an ifland near Cl.niui,
B.Wi
; 1
Book II. f CiiAP. VI. Of CHINA. 323

as Cluveriiisimagins, but a vail promon- The Cbinfi'i have printed an //.v/c/if-OiMn 1
tory joining to the continent, and running rium, or liook ot all the roads and ways "'"'f'
out troni north to Couth Nor is Xain- : by land and water Irom Pchiig to thcI>^-'70
l)ai, as father Mai't'tn made it in his atlas remotefb parts of the ciupirc. Ihe A/rtw-ii,")"^
but a citadel lb large, and to well forti- ilarine.i, who go from court to their
fy'd, botli by aft and nature, that it may
"''
hofC/J. ports, and travellers ufe it, to know
Icrn part vie with the be(t in Europe. It is built the way they are to go ; the ililtances
jorcleririi^ upon the continent, near the lea, LKtwcen of places, and the length of every days ;i!ll
'ilim, the tfie province of Peking, and the country journey. In this book all the royal
vince ot of Lfaotiitig. roads of the empire are divided into
The walVd mighty em-
places in this 1 145 days, to every one of which there
pire, are to the number
ami ot 4402, is a place where the Maniiarinn arc
divided into two clafies, the civil and mi- lodg'd, and treated at the king's ex- r I 'If
litary. I'o the civil clals belong 2045 pence, when they go to take poilcflion
wallM places, that is, 175 cities of the of thc'r eni[)loys ) but when tliey return
!^'
fird rank, which the Cbiiicjc call Fn ; from them they lofe the privilege of T' iil^:
bounded C'nfi-,. 274 of the fecond rank, callM Cheu ; being cntcrtain'd at the emperor's cotlr.
north by I'J !i' 12S8 cities call'd Ukn 205 royal houfes
; 'J'hele 1 145 places are call'd )'c\ or Chin,
'I'ilflitl-y ;
''''»»•
cail'd J'f. and 103 guards, or royal nian- enjoining the two words Jc-Cbin, that
ilons of the lecond rank call'd Chiim-chin. is, a place of entertainment, and guard,
iiountains
it from Among the cities of ti^c empire there are bec.uiie there the Mandariiw! arc ex-
louth by feme comprehended lying in the provinces jiecfed with as much care and vjgilancy,
ftcen proof J'tDif.-itn, fîckbeii, fîamj:, and iiu- as it they were upon theii guard againit
ji'ii
:, wealth, cbueii, which pay no tribute to tiie em- an army of enemies. Ot thcte pl.icf;
be cillM peror, but are fu*^'ecl: to particular abfo- there are 7? ; within the (iiiw of the
inces -,
to hite princes and iv^.ds of their own. Moll frrft and and in
leco/id rank, the towns,
u
;, a coiin- of tiiele cities are lb hcmm'd in by high tronticr places, and cadLs within the em-
co. This r.:oinitains,and deep rocks, as if nature pire j 10-; in thofe they call )] \ and 10:?
along the had to tortify them ; and yet

lludy'd in the places call'd Clin. Both of them
fix others, within thole mountains there are planes were fbrnu riy built, where there were no
li'vcrd days journey over, in wliich there cities ; and may be call'd towns of the fe-
y the reil,
noiiiit.iins, are cities of the firll and fecond rank, cond rank, being .til of them wall'd, and
/?//.:, and and many towns, and lefler places. The each of them having a A[/ii:Jayinc to go-
, as is al- Cbiitni: call Tim, or Tugt. 'i,
thele lords vern it ; and thefc ,ire of them larger,
tliefe arc that is, of countiicS, becaufe
yU.»;i/<()w.f and more populous than tome cities, and
ami fo is
believing no emperor in the
there is towns. The others to the number of m2,
lorders on world bcfides him of Chin.:, they inia- tho' not wall'd, are large and populous.
:1c p'-Q. gin there are no other princes, or lords, A day before the AlivuiiriKc lets out, <.:-V,
iiig now init thole whom their emperor creates. there goes a mcllengtr with a fm.ill ta-
Ihnan, The fubjcdtsof thefe lords, with the Cbi- blet, which the CZ-zwiyf- call Pat, on which
Sucbiia;, lu-;',; fixiak the Cbwfji' language, but have is writ that Ma>hhrim'\ name, and of-
another peculiar tongue to themfelvcs. fice, and the impreftion of his feal im-
nail.
I, .*^/,-i-
IT.cir culloms differ but little Ifom thofe der it. As foon as this is fccn, tlie pa-
lamc ot a nt the they are like them
Chtiieff ; antl Jace where he isto lodge is clean'd and
it iin- M Ihape ami rountciiano , but only arc made ready, and the preparations arc
.•II
Thc pro- braver. "Tne Cbim'fi' fear them, for ha- grcate.- or Ids according to the quality
nations, ving, after fevera! trials of their cou- of the gneil, and lb the provifions, fer-
((,/, '}'unnt!,e tounit thorn a vigorous oppofition, vants, horles, chairs, litters or boats,
'lui, who tlieythink firnot to dilluib but to trade if he is to go by water, and all other
7'/;;rt, was widi them. So that there is no quctlion things they may have occaiion
In for.
ot 'Tun- to be made conrerning the number of thefe inns, or houfes of entertainment,

reckons ii'ies and towns, as to its being greater are rcceiv'd after the fame manner in
My lubifo't t! an what V; mention'd by father Martin, proj ortion to what they are, all other
>' t
1 ,
it lomc iiecaufe we here include thoft belonging peMbns, as well Cbim-fi as ftrangers, to
.:i*.
;on(T time to thofe jjetty princes, whole dominions, whom the king grants tiiis favour. I lere
:"t
'rhrrelilr, tho* not (libjei.1 to the emperor, yet alfo the king's meffengers,
or exprefles
CbiH^ at are in the inidll of his empire, in the are furnifli'd with what they want to ..iPl.i:a
tour abovemention'd provinces as arc ; hafle on in their journey beatinc a -,
Tiiiviin,
ifti
cd the
; ILu-
ci-
alii) the cities and towns of the coun-
try ot I .'•iviiuiig,
)'i(niuvi,
and the province of
which the Cbiiwfc, who arc a-
furlong or two, before they come to the
houfe, a balbn call'd l.o, which they
carry hanging at their back ; upon the
i
fouthern-
liovc mcalure devotcil to their tbrmali- hearing ol which found the horii. is prc-
other in-
lie king- tii's do not mention in their general fently laddled for him to change, fb that
iiumbei, but in jurticular catalogue-. he HKikes no (lay.
:ar Ch'wa,
a'i
The
iiili
324. ^^ Vopge round the florid. B"OK[[. A
I Chap.
Gi>jri.Li The military dafs contains 629 great to wcR, from the city Caiym fcatcd in
i(uj().
fortrcdcs of the firll rank, as well on' the utmoll part of the country ot /,,•,/«.
or a de-
frontiers to fcrve as keys, tun^, to that of Canfo, or Can-cbeu in the
KfiliuT^^''^
1-oilb.'^ /cncc againft the Tar/rfn, as on the bor- very borders of the province of Xi-njt,
ders of provinces againfl. robbers and which is to be umlerlfooil in a tfrait
rebels, 'liic Chinefc call them iân 1 line •, tor if we follow the windings of
and that of Kam-bai abovcmention'd, is the mountains ami the wal', it will cer-
oi this number. There are r,(i-j of the tainly hold out to /-,oo SjT.niJh leagues. I:i
fecond rank, cali'd Guei in the language the lame books all the mountainous pla-
of the country. The place father Mar- ces that are inaccellible are delcrib'J,
tin in his atlas calls Tten-chtm Guei, figni- and I 29 other carts fliews there mult hi-
fying the fortrefs of the country ot hea- H27 great and fmall forts to hinder
ven, is of this number, and by it a the Tartan pafling. Had
not the Cbi-
iudgmtni may bo made of the oihcr for- m-fe been carelefs, cowardly, covetous,
trefll's ot the fecond rank. There are and dilloyal to their kings, the Tartan
tîi fons ot the third rank cali'd So; could never have pafs'd the wall, nor
•.{oo ot tile fourth, cali'd Chin, whofe get witiiin the lortrefTes wliic. were I'o
name and lV',niiication is the fime as conveniently dilpos'd in proper places,
that of tholj' of the fifth order ot the and fo llrong either by art or nature-,
civil dais i and 150 of the fitth rank lb that as a[)pears by antient liillories,
cali'd P,w. Tiiere .ire 100 forts of the and by what has happened in our own
iixth rank cali'd Su, and laftly ^00 of times, the Tartars never cntred Chini,
the fevtiith rank cali'd Chai. Thelc latl but when cither the treachery of the
arc ot levcral forts, fome in the coun- foldii-rs, or the avarice of the com-
try, which Icrve as places of refuge to manders maiie way lor them, they re-
the jX'afants, when the Tartars, rob- ceiving half the booty every time they
bers, or rebels infeft the country, as let in the enemy ; till at length thole
alfo wiicn the emperor's army is upon traitors L.ive put the
and moll ridiell
Its march. Others are upon lleep moun- populous kingdom in the world into
tains, which they go up by lleps cue
to the hands ot a liiiall number of lava-
in the or by ladders ot ropes,
rock, ges, and barbarians. In this lame bookr
or wood to be taken away, and thel'e is iiuntion'd the gre.K number of fol-'
have no wall about them, as not Hand- dicrs who kept guard on this frontier,
ing in need ot any. Others arc alio up- which were nine humircd two thou-
on mountains, but have a p.uh-way to fand and fifty four. The auxiliary
them, and ihcfe have a double or treble troops rtlorting thither, when the Tar-
wall to defend the entrance. Now, reck- tan attempted to bre.ik into the king-
ning all together, it appears there are dom, were innumerable, and there were
2:jt7 military jjofts, which added to three hundred cigiity nine thouland one
i;^'Vi^'l:'î.1 '
J'l thofe of the civil dais "lake 4402. Be- hundred and fixty feven horles always
fidcs all this, there are within and within a them, according to
reailinels for
out the great wall which parts China the fame author's computation, who
from J.iriarK, 3000 towers cali'd Cai, reckons the charge the emperor is ;ir
every one ot which has its proper name, yearly, for the pay of officers and lol-
and in thefc there are guards and centi- diers, to amount to the fum of two mil-
ncls, wlio give tiie alarm, as foon as they lions and thirty four thoufmd Lcam,
dilcover an enemy, making a fignal in at fifteen Carluic of Naples each, which
the day with a flag they hoill up on the is juft a noble a Lean. By what has hctn
top ot the tower, and at night whh a fail! of the number of Ibldiers appoint-
great lighted torch. If thelc towers be ed to guard the wall and frontiers a-
added to the number ot tiie military pla- gainfl the Tartars, it is eafy to guefs at
'
ces, as the eighiii rank ot them, they the number of
kept on the con-
thofe
«,j?^r;;;1;M.;';''r': 'i^ will in all make 5^5]. fines of the levcral provinces, ami in
is jo years llnce a Al'inJarint of
It I the cities, towns, and other wall'd pla-
ilie fupreme council of war, compos'd ces of thekingdom, there being no place
^^r : it;'' :, 1;:
,Ji. .
i 1., li,!, p' i[
a book, wiiich he dedicated to the em- without fome garrifon. They reckon
peror, and calls it Kieu-pien-lukxe, that feven hundred fixty feven thoufind nine
is, a pradical defcription of the nine hundred and fixty, who in time of peace
Irontiers, meaning the nine quarters, guard and attend during the day tlit
or tiillrids into which he hid divided Mandarines, ainbafliidors, and others
the great wall, *hich enclofes part of who are lodg'd at the king's expencc,
mm 405 Spamjh leagues, according and at night keep guaui near their boats
(ibina for
10 the coi'-.mon computation, making and quarters, and when they have gone
2 ,' degrees and ten minutes from calf one days journey they return, and othcfs
take
'ill'*''
ClIAP. VI. Of C HIN A. 325
take their pi ire. The liorfes the emperor lather allows more whole than itOiMFin
fo the
maintains tor his lorces in the gairilbns has, ami takes Iroin the parts and pi in- '"'''
amount to five hundred fixty four thou- lipal cities, diminilhing their real num-'-''^''^
fand nine hundred, an*! as well thefc- lijj- ber, there is no relying on his account,
(hers as horfes, aru always kept on foot for his llrangc exaggeration will nuC
But where there any war or rebellion,
is fuit with the multitutie of fniall places.
the forces that rendezvouz from all the Having '.ndeavoiir'd diligently to clear
provinces arc almofl innummerable. this point with the fathers of'^ his focie-
Niiniii^'r The realm of China, according to the ty, I found not one that
agrred with
computation of a grave author, contains him, nor did any of the milTioners of
jji
C'.'ii'ii-
eleven millions five hundred and two other orders, who having liv'd there
thoufand eight hundred and fevîity two lijme twenty, and fome thirty years,
families, or houf s withou'. induiling
•, know more of it than father BartoU could
in this number, women, cl.ildren, beg- do by hcar-fay •, bccaufe they are conti-
gars, AluHilaibifs in emp'oymenr, fol- nually converfing with Mandarines., and
iliers, batchclors, licentiates, doclors, great men, who thoroughly know this
Miiiidarhtci above age, dl jjerfoiis that Matter, as numbering the people to re-
r.r.V"''live on the rivers, Bonz/s, eunuchs, and ceive the imperial tax. The greatefl:
vM. all thoil- that are of tlic blood-royal, be- differcnec 1 found in the accounts given
caule only thofc arc poll'd who till the nic, during the time 1 flay'd in Lbiiui,
land, or pay taxes to the king. There was of five millions, tome telling mc the
are in the enipiri;, according to the lame whole empiie contaiii'd an hunelrcd nine-
author, fifty nine millions feven hundred ty five millions, and others that they had
eighty eight thoufmd three hundred and tound two lumdrcil ni'llions in the Chi-
fixty four men. The number of all the nefe books, whith ilitrerencc may well
inhabitants, or fouls, without excluding happen in counting with two or three
any age, fix, or condition, if we will years interval. To make what has been
f..-. credit father Dtiiiid Bartoli, makes three here faid the plainer, I think it will not A;, 10;
liundretl millions, liiree times the number be amifs to infert the particular, as it is
there is in all Europe. But bccaufe this found in father Conflict, and is as follows.
I'roviiiccs.
iiiiil one
alway-i
ling to
,
wlin
ror is iit
and lol-
two niil-
Lcjia,
whicli
has been
ppoiiu-
intiers a-
gutls at
the con-
and in
ll'd pia-
no place
rcrkon
land nine
of peace
day the
others
cxpcnce,
leir boats
ave gone
others
lake
326 A Voyage round the JVorU. Book I| I r.j ^^p
CEMti.um.ijefty, and wealth, as tor tlic pruteml- fides pa'ntings, and

other celebrated
1696. gj niiraclcs wrought at them. Within works of that, nature, one thoufand one
^-^^'"îhcfc and other temples of tlie empin.-, hiuuircii fifty nihc tower.', triumphal ar-
there live above three hundred and litty ches, and notable moniiinents, in honour
thoufand Bonzes. of kings and men in ^ ogue \ two hun-
Other Befides, throughout the kingdom arc dred firvcnty two libraries well adorn'd,
to be lecn feven hundred and nine tem- and llor'ii with books, 'liie great ri- K.. ,
ples, crc<fkd by the Cbinefi, at Icveral vers and fountains of note, for hot and
t'l:.
times, in memory of tlicir anceftors, and medicinal waters are one thoufand four .
remarkable tor their beauty and llrudure. hundred feventy two. There are alio
It is the cuftom among the Chinefc to two thoufand ninty nine mountains, reii-
cxprefs much love to their parents af- by tlu'ir many fprlngs, and
dcrcil fruitful
ter their ilcath ; and to make it appear, fingular for palhuc, ami the txcellent
they built flatciy halls with great charjê, minerals they produce, and no lels for
in wliich intlead of (tatiies, they place their great height. I'he Ichools, and SJ,,
infcriptions, with the names of their an- publick ftruitures erccHed in honour of
ceftors. Upon certain days in tiic year, Confucius, the great philofopher of that
the families they belong to, meet in theft; empire, are as many as the cities. It is Sd;..;,
halls and prolhate thpmlclvcs on the no cafy matter to reckon ti>e vafl num-
grount!, in token of love and refped, ber of I'cholars, but the batchelors are
offering incenfe to them, and making a above ninety thoufand. Befides thirty
I'plenaid entertainment, in which there- two palaces belonging to petty kings,
arc fcveral tables well cover'd, anil fill'il there are otliers in all places, for the
with abundance of well-drefs'd meat in great oHicers of the kingdom, according
)•-,
great order. to their dignity. And to conclude,
,;,.:,* Stiiiics. The famous antient ftatucs are to the there are in the empire two hundred
iifMs. number of two thouland ninty nine, be- thirty one umous bridges.
CHAP. VII.
Of the notable Government of the Empire of Cliina, //'-' Jevenil degrees cf

Mandarines, andofjix Supreme Coitris, or Councils uj the Learned^ or Con/i-
Men, and fx of the Soldiers, or Military Men.
CHINA for its

deferves great
excellent
commendation
government. Of
one man's merit, whofi; charge us'd to
be executed by one of an inferiour rank,
the three feds or religions follow'd there, the king honours him witii the title ot
that of the learned is the firft and ..n- Mandarine of rhc firft, or fecond dali ;
ticnteft, and its principal end, is the and on the contrary to punifli another,
good government of the kingdom, upon whofc port belongs to thole of a fuperior
which fubjcfl tiiey have writ a great clafs, he Ibmetimes put him down to lie
number of books, and comments upon Mandarine of a lower rank. The know-
them Confucius in his time writ a trea- ledge, diftindion, and fubordination ol
tii'e upon this matter, anil call'd it Cbum- thele orders arc lb pcrfed, the lubmillion
\Hin, that is, tiie Go!Jot Mean, where he and veneration of the inferiour to tiie f 1-
lolidly teaches, that a good king is to pcriour, and the autiiority of the Litter
have nine tiualitics, for the well-gover- over the others, ib great and in (ho:!, i
ning of his fubjeds, which if he pradifes, the king's power over them all, is lb ali-
he will make liis reign immortal. folute, liiat there is nothing to comp.irc
r)e£;rfi;s The Mandarines of the empire, are to it in our government, cither civil, or
r.t/U,/«.'.;-{)ivided into nine clalTcs, and every clafs ccclcfiaftical.
'''"
into nine degrees. As for inftance, they The Mandarines of the firft cLils, arerni
fay, fuch a Mandarine is of the fecond counfcllors of his maiefties council otsi-;-
degree, of the firif or fecond clafs or -,

ftate, which is the greatefl honour, and
he is a Mandarine of the firff degree, of dignity, a learned man can rife to in
the firlf, fecond, or third clafs. I'his di- the empire. They have feveral honou-
ffindion fignifies nothing but a meer ti- rable titles, as Nui-eo, Kolao, Cai-j!,tiK,
tle of honour the kings have belfow'd on Suam-cutn, Siamqiie, and others, figni
them, without any regard to their cm- fying affefTors, afTiftants, and fuprtiiir
ploymtiits ; for iho' the Mandarines be counfcllors to the king. There are i:i
!• . T
of a higlier or inferiour rank, according the royal-palace, feveral halls for rhcni
ro tiie dignity of their offices, yet this is of a ftâtely ffrudure. When the king
no general rule ; for fometimcs to reward will do any of thcfe counfcllors a fperial
honour,
::! f:
Book II f Cuap. VII. 0/ C HIN A. On
327
lionoiir, lif f.ivfi;
of thole clumhcr. 1 as for ixani|>lc ili.ii

lilm ilie name of one times by
there is
a
a vail
fingle
and fuperviiors.
letter.
number of
Befides
clerks,
tliefe,
lbllii.i
c;h,eiii
"")''•
t>''VÔ
mw mi
o\ Cbumku-liin, lijViiJ'yin^;, the lupiciiic tors,
thainluT in the niiJillf 1 ihn new tiiK- Belides

this fovcreign court or coun- F.locu
being imnu'ili.iccly luKlcil to his n.mie , cilhere mentiun'd, there are eleven othtr^r'^;"
anil lie is (.lil'il liuli .1 counlLllor or Ko great courts, among whkh the enifx.ror ""'"'"•
liio, fiipremc ch.itnlicr in tiic miclillc. of China, divided all the alfairs ot his
There is no certain number ot ilieic empire two thouland years before C hrilt 1
counfellors, but they are more, or tlw- and thcie fame continue (fill. Six of
cr, at the emperor's piealUrc, who choo- them belong to the learned Mamlaiwes,
Ics them as lie liiinks lit, among the Man- or gown-men, call'd Lo-pu, and llx to
'iay'iiici of other courts. There is al- the military Miimiarines, or fwordfmen,
who chief of 'I'lie power of thelc courts
i:-;,'.»:a
ways one callM Xcujiain, is call'd U-fu.
tliem, anil the king's favourite. This was extraordinary great, and unlimited,
is the liipreme council, or court in the inlbmuch, that it might reafonably be
whole kingdom, anil kept in the p.ilau- Jcar'd, left mc one of them fliould
1
on the ktc haml of the fupreme cham- make ule of its authority, to Itir up a
ber, where the emperor gives audience. rebellion ; and therefore the wifdom
;'»'
Where it is to be obferv'd, that the left ot the Chinefc emperors, has lb regula-
hand among the Cbinefe, is the mod ted their hufinels, that no one of them
honourable, as it was among the Ciccki cm iletcrmnie any alfair committed to
and other nations which puts me in -, it, widiout the concurrence of the others.
mind, that I have fome antient feen Within the palace ot every one of thelc
Crecian pictures, on which St. Ptt.r was fix courts, there is always a chamber,
painted on the left, and St. Paul on the or apartment appointed for a Maiula-
right, the firll hiving the preference as rhu; call'd Colt, that is, fupervilbr, or
head of the ciuirch. This court is examiner, who in private and publick,
call'd Nut yum, and is compos'd of three examines all that is tranlai'ied, and if
ranks of M/iiiJarwa ; the firfl is that of he finds any error, prefently acquaints
the emperor's counfellors already men- the emperor with it. This Mnndariite
tion'd, who have it in charge to perufe, is neither lUbjcrt, nor fuperior to his
examins anil judge of all petitions pre- court, but only a cenlbr of their pro-
fented to his majelfy by the fix great ceedings, as waj us'd among the Romans.
courts, of which we fliall treat next, In Cbitta thefe men are call'd mad-dogs,
upon a I the moll important afiairs of becaufe they are continually biting, by
the ki'-,',dnin. When they are come to the ill offices they do.
a refoliition, they prcfent it to the em- The firlt prefidents of thefe fix courts, PriTi- ^/i!r*li
^="''"
peror in writing, who either contirms are of the degree of the lecond clafs
firfl
or cancels ir, as he thinks fit. Thole of Mandarines, and are call'd Xam-xiio-
01" the rank, or clafs, are as it were
.id li-pu-xam-xii, tha:is, firfl prefident of the
airefTors, or anillants to the king's court of ceremonies, .;pd lb of the others.

lOiinlellors, choirn out of the lecond or Kach of thefe prefidents ?ias two allellbrs,
third dais of Miuudinna, whence they the firfl of which is call'd Tfo-xil-am,
oUcn rile to l-.e the king's counfellors. that is, prefident of th? Ijft hand ; and
l!\e title ii 'rjlio/ii, that is, learned the other Tai-xi-lnm, tha: is, prefident
men of gn at knowledge.This title is ot the right, and thefe ann of the firll
alio given tn counfellors, on whon\ degree, of the third clafs.
tiie emjwror bellows others more lofty, Thefe fix courts, are feattd, accord- Si\- til
as Tm-cu-l.t.. that is, the princes great ing to their dignity, near the imperial '<>"'' •
o;overnour, or Cn-lii-cai-fu, great ma- palace on the call fide, being great
iler to the prince, and the like. 'I'he Icjuare llruClures, with three divifions of
third rank ol this court, is call'd Cbiim- courts and apartinents tor tiie convcni-
•,
... "
clafs, or Ichool of Mitii- ency of fo many as belong to them, the
,
;f
xHC'i, that is,
fi,tniifs\ thcle write, or caufe to Ik writ, emperor daily providing their dinner,
the bulimfs ot the court, on whom the that they may not be oblig'd to go home
emperor iicllows titles, according to the to their houfes, and may dirp.xtch buli-
chambers they are employ'd in. They nels with more expedition.
are generally of the fourth, fifth, or 'I'he method of proceedings in thefe Tli.imic-
fixth clafs o( M.Dtdarines, and are rniu h courts is thus. When any man has a il""^l "f
look'd upon, bccaufe they have charge fuit, he writes it down on a paper otF^'--'^'^
'"'''
of all fuits, and writings, by reafon fuch form and fize, as is fix'd by cullom, ,
I
they may give or take away, all a man which he carries into the palace of the
lias depending on the fuit, by only a court, and there beats a ilrum, which
word of a double meaning, and Ibine- is at the fecond gate, then kneeling and
lilt',
,i:;:J'
'
3'28 A Vnâge round the World. Book II.
GiMiLLi lifting up tite paper or iKiition witli both The firll of tliefe fix courts is cdl'd I
'^6- lumls in liiyh as his lic.ul, it i^ t.ilî'ii I.i-fii; its bulinels is to furnilh a'l the
^-'^''^(rotn him by an officer, who conveys kingdom with Mail, III) ii;,-i, .md to exa-
it to the Ma>iilarinef ot the gre.ic (.h.iin- mine tilt ir merits and demerits, to re
ber, anil thfy to the prcfulrnt, or in his prelcnt ih< ni to the king, lh.it tlwy in.iy
nbfence to his alTeHors, who h.iviiij; rciil be |)rikr'd to Ijcttcr polls, oi put b.uk
it, Approve or rcjeft it, as they tliiiik into meaner, as a iiward ^>t piiiiilhiiKnt.
lit. 11 rrjciftecl, they Icml it b.ick to Within its palue there are tour courts,
hiin tiiat iircfentcii it, caulini; him (ittcii I he 111 is cill'd I'l-n liven I'li, that is,
lo be well beaten lor liavinj; propolcd Tiie court tliat lud^'.cs ot tlioli: that arc
an iintealonable thinp. Il they ap ciualificd and karneil enough to be M.m-
prove of it, the prefulent fcmls it back ihiriiis:The id, Ciw rww/w, which ex,i-
to the intciior court, tliat tliey may ex- mines the good or bad governmdii ot
amine thf caufe and report their opini- Maihl.ninci : The ;d, 1^'irii fiim-Ju, wWkU
ons. When this court h.is cxaminM has the c.ire of ti'.ding .ill piibiick act';,
and aJjiiiIgM it, they leiul it luck to to give the le.ils to all MiinLintifi accor-
the firll pri'Tkicnt, who pivcs the linding to their poll, ,ind to ex.imine whe-
tencc, adding to, taking Irom, or con- ther tliP teals ot the ililbatches they briiij^t
lirming the ikcilion of his inferiour or fend be true or counterleit I'he .\.iU :
court. If tiie matter be of high con- KilxKuftt, which has the charge of exa-
cern, he orders tiu' laid court to draw mining great lords, as petty kings ot the
it up in a memorial, winch having read blood-royal, dukes, and others, whom
with his alU'll()rs, he remits to tiic re- the C/i;;;,;/- call Uiiitichbi, tli.U is, anticni
vifor Mdndaiiiw and
beliire nientioneii, vall'als J who are honourable Ibr their
lie reters it to the fupream court of the |"r,ii IcrMces perlorin'd in war, when the
counleliors of fl.ite, who ex.lmincs tin; l.i-.uly now reigning conqucr'd the cm-
caule, and .iccjuaints majelly vvith
his pi it
it, who for tlie moll part orders the The id fovercign court is call'il Ifu-fu, _]
court to examine it again. Then the which lignilies the king's great trealury or
counfcilors ot ll.itc fend back the me- couitof exchequer. It has the man.i[',e
morial to the revifor, who having k'cn meiit ol all liie tre.ilures, revenues, .md
the king's order, returns it to tiic lirll t.ixts, as alfo ol the <xpences. It p.ijs
prelident. 1 le cauli-S it to be cxamin'd out the iJenlioii'i, .md the i|uaiilitiis dI
ag.iin, and when brought to him again rice, pieces ol lilk, .uid funis ot moiuy
returns it to the revilbr -, he to tlictoun- the em|icror bellows on petty kings, grcn
fellors of itate, and they to the empe- lords, anil ALiiuLiriiL-i ot the eniinre.
ror, who then gives the final lentencc. it keeps the rolls or mullers taken very
This decree returns the lame way to exaiHly every year, of all rhc tamilie-.-,
.1
tlic firll prelident, who notifies to the houfes, of all the men, of the furveys ol
I parties concern'd, and then the
it
luit is the find, of the duties it is to pay, and

?•
•r
,
,1 cndeil. When the caufe is any of thofe of all the culloms. And it is heieto W
tiie courts of the provinces fend up ro obferv'd, that tlio' in Cbnui there are fit-
court, dircded fcal'd to the king's
it is teen provinces, yet in the publick records,
infpcctor or revilbr ; who opens and and their common way of fpe.iking, tluy
;*''
liiL'-tlJi'''' reads it, and then leniis it to the firll are call'd lourteen provinces, and one
jirelidenc, who proceeds as has been court, bccaufe, lay the C/.iiiuji\ the court
laid. refides, commands, and not fubjeil, and
is
Did the Afiiihliirincs in trials and deci- theretorcis not to Ik' reckon'd in the num.
fions of alTairs, do their duty according ber ot the other provinces. I lence it is,
tii|i[i|f'. to laws and the king's defign, Cbiiia

t!ie that among the fuprenie courts, there is
would be the iiappiell country in tiie never an interior one tor the allairs of the
\\\)rid, and the hell govern'd but as -, province of Pi-Ung ; but the lirll prefi-
great obllrvers as they are of outward dent refers them, as he thinks fit, to one
formalities, tliey are inwardly no lels of tin: inferior coiuis .ippointed for tlic
maliiious, hypocritical, and cruel. Their provinces. Thus the lupreme court ol
frauds and artifices are lb numerous, it exchequer, has within its palace on hoih
woulil take much time to recount them, fides, fourteen Ibb.iltern courts, wliivli
tlierc being liarcc any Mandaiiiw free bear tlie names ol the provinces they arc
Irom avarice and corruption ; lb that appointed for. During the reign of the
they tlo not conlider the jufticc or in- family before this now ruling, there
lullice of the caule, but who gives moll were reckoned thirteen provinces, and
money, or the bell prclents ; thinking two courts, becaule (he city of Nanking
of nothing but fusfying their vile cove- was a court, as well as tli.it of Pdii:^,
toulndi, like lb manv ravenous wolves. and had tlic l.ime fix fiipremc courts,
and
CliAI'. VJI. Of cm N A. 3^9
.iiul ill others tli.it arc now in the court that in tlw llrrt, /,/ fi;',nitie< Afi«./,;W«(?GiM«ii,
(it /'il/'/i; i liiit the 'Lir/iirt took .iw.iy .ind /'// court, ami both together court ''"'''
ot court .uiil .ill its tribunals, ol M.tiid.innn. '''''^/^^

its title .1 In the lecoiul, /,/ fi^ni
aiil luvc ilunj^M it. \rry name, i.il lies rites and ceremonies, and Pii be-
liiu' it the city ot Kiamiiiin, :u\^\ the ing idded,
(ouri ot ceremonies. 'I his
province Ki.i/n nan, names it h.id lor ilouble meaning is not tound among tlu:
nierly. liiinirs, who I all the lirll court lufiin-
lit 'I'he ?il cilIM /,//«, atui h.is

court is Siitpin, or court ot Af,inJ,inn,-s, Xiiij.in
lliL- inlpci-'tion into urenionies, rites, fignilying a court, and /A;/.!/;, Maiuia-
kieiices, anil arts. Ic h.is charge ot" the tint's; and the other Toro Xurgau or,
'! '
'4
(•Mi|K'ror's inulick, ot e.x.iniininc I u- court of rites and ceremonies.
(iints and (;ivinj', them rij^lit to In- ad- I'he .^th fovereign court is call'il /'//«• 41I1 Court
inilted to the ex.mnnaiion ot the Icatr /!«, which his the dire;.! ion of war .ind
cil i ot judtîni; ol the titles and ho- milit.iry illairs throtii'Ji the whole king,.
nours the emperor will Ivllow on tier- doMi. It cliulc* and preters all olHcers,
li^ns ol merit', ot the tcnipleii, ami of dilliibntei them in the army, frontiers,
the t'aerilices the emperor oilers to the .ind garrilons, and .ill parts ot (Ibiiui -,
l;in, moon, heaven, earth, and to i.r. i.iiles and exeniles luldiers i tills the
jMciltors. It orders the entcrtainnienis m.igi/ines with .inns ollinlivc .iiid de-
the emperor (îves to his liibjeL't or fenlive, ammunition .ind provillons, .md
(h.uiêrs, anil the rcrciving, prelanin % wiih .ill things ncicllirv t()r the de-
.iikI attending and amhilLi his quells, hiRe 01 ihe empire Wiihir its p.il.ice
(li)rs, and h.is lull power over arts .md ihric are four interior courts. The ill
nici h.micks, and in line over the ihne 1. (.ili'd /«//:•, v; .(, which has the ih.irgo
rclij;ions protel's'd in the empire, where ol chilling and gning polls to milita-
ol the ill is th.it ol t!u; learned j the ry Afuntlii'infs, and ot cxeicifinrr the
d ot Tdnfii, or the marry'd lionzci \ and troops. The .>d, Cb,ftiin fit, whi' 1 has
(lie '^d, ot the lin'^le Bonzes. By this the c.x'-c ot men and offi-
ilillribiiting
Kiurt the lathers Adami, Litis
J'}hn cers throughout the kingdom to pui-
Huîw, J'cliit'lu;.,! IcrLirjl, and dilirirl liie robbers, and fupprels rebellions.
Ahri^Mbaciis were iniprilon'd, with nine 'I'he ^d, Cb,'ki<i J'li, which tikes lare of
iliains teet.onThis court l;.;s

tlieir .ill the emperor's hoifes, as well thole
lour courts under it. The ill is cll'd on the frontiers, and ineonfiderable gar-
I
ill ii.'li
T-cbi-fii, that is. The court ot matters rilons, as of the others that fervc for
ol moment i as lor inftance, of the ti- polls i as alio of the w.iggons and bo.its
lie. ut petty kings, dukes, and prcat that lervc to cirry provilionsand foldiers.
j\LiiuLtrii:,-s : 'I'lie ;d, Siiibi-fu, or the 'I'he I ii-iuju, has charge of can ling
-i-th,
(ourt that inlpciMs the emperor's larri- of arms olVenfne and detenlive
all lijrts
liccs, the temples, the mathematicks, to be m.ide, and keeping tliem ready in
and the ihrce religions: 'J'he :jd, Chu-kr- the magazines.
jn, whi( h receives and attends the king's The .-jth fovereign court is call'd Iliin- ;tli Couit
sûclls, whether lubjeCls or ilrangers : Jilt which
the criminal court of all
is
The 4rh, Cbim-xcn xu, to take care ot the v-mpirc i it has authority to punilh
Muerrainments given by the emperor. all crimes accordini^ to the laws of the
Whilft the (!i.>:i!i-jb had the power in empire. Yet realbn, law, and juflice,
I'leir hands h'.irned men were cholen are here fold, and he who gives 'Tiott h.is
to till theli; courts -, but at prcfent tiierc tile beft caule ; this n.uion lilVering ic
ire -I'.ut.irs ajipointed, who do every ILIf to be lo led away by avarice, that
tiling in this an! ihe other courts, the itcannot be curb'd by to m.my fcverc
i'.ijini'fc niiniiler. being like dumb
Ha- piinillimcntsas the emiieror intlicls on
ines 1 thus they fulVer the punilhmenc thole that .ire convicted ot corruuiion
due lo their piide at the hands of rude and bribery.
ignorant b.irbaiians. I'ho' the name ot All the courts in Piking examine thcPniidi.
this court looks like that of the lirll, olVences of thole that are liibict to them ""•'"'. "•
yet there is a great de.il of dilVercnee ac- on account ot their employments ; hut'''""""'''
cording to the Chim;. way of Ipeaking, when the crime deferves a
grievous pu-
lor the chiraclers ol the lirll fyllable nifliment, goods, ba-
as conlifcarion ot :x:-!)i' 7'hU:
/i, not alike, and the jironuncia-
are nifliment, or death ; then after acquaint-
;iuii ditiers very much. 'I'hc firll is pro- ing the emperor with it, they fend the
noanced, railing the voice and louniling proccis and criminal to this court, which
if Ihrill, as we maik it with an acute ac- gives the definitive lentence. In the pa-
I
(!it /./', and on the contrary in the le- l.ice of court there are fourteen other
this
uiiul he voice is let tall, as if a were
I liiborilin.ite toit, for the lourtecn provin-
nink'il with the ll.it accent /,/. iio ces ol the empire, as was faid of the le-
Vo!, IV. 1'
ppp cond
V^'fm - >i
f
,
93^ A Voyage round the World. Book Il,l Chap.

0«MELti concl court. The praflice of China liiffcrs great one they depend on, with all nc-
'figC'-
much trom ours, as to the divcrfity ot' cellary chambers and halls. I'ach of thelc
^-''"^^^^'punidimentsi tor we behead noble {xr- forty four courts h.is a prclident aii;l
ions, but there the greatelt difhonour cm twelve counlellors, whereof lour are of
be done a man, is to cut off his liead. the full degree of the stli clals of Mait-
When the emperor will fliow a great tliiriius, four ot the lecimd degree ol tlic
lord or Mandarine, condemn'd to death, lame f^lh clafs and the oiher lour ot the
a fpccial favour, he ^nds him a piece ol Orh clals. In the court ot excheqiu ,
delicate fine be ilranglcd with.

filk to they are double the number, as alio in
It being therefore the culloni in China that of criminal caulcs ; every interior
to flrangle the nobility, ami behead court belonging to tliefe having a prcli-
tiic commonalty i when this happens, the dent and twenty four counlellors. BefiJis
kindred buy the head and body ot the thcle Maud, nines in employment, then:
executioner tor an hundred, and Ibme- are others who are of no clals, ami yet
tiiiies lor a thouland pieces of eight, ac- are fuch only by name, and alter fonu:
cording to their wealth ; looking upon years fervice, the emperor puts them in-
it as a great difgrace that the body llioukl to the eighth or ninth clafs of Alandii-
remain becaufe this punilh-
unbury'd, fines. All thefe courts have clerks, cry-
mcnt is attended with a proiiibition of ers, and other olHcer.';, whom they feiul
burying the body, yet the executioners into the provinces. They have tipllavt,
run the liazard of it. Among otlicr to employ in the pal.ice, melli'ngers lo
laws ohferv'd by this court, tiierc is one carry their orilers, jailers, lergear.f.,
enartetl by the antient kings wiiich is. -, catchpoles, and others, who balliiiado
That when a criminal delerves any fa- oifenders ; cooks to drels the meat tlv.'
vour lor fome rare quality, or excel- emperor allows them every day, for
lency in fome art (as is alio appoin'ctl vants to wait at table, .nd a vail num-
by our civil execution is re-
law) thi. ber of others, all kept by the emperor
I'pited till the end of the enfuing au- The number here meniion'd is to be iin
tumn ; th.'t he may enjoy fome grace, Hood, as it was in the time of tin,
or general pardon granted at the birth, Cbinrfr emperors, under the tamily W-
or marriage of princes, or extraordina- fore this now reigning, as authors do
ry alteration, or earthquake ; all pri- liver it ; now they are .ill iloiible,
for :;
foners being difcharg'd at fucli times ; for inllance, the court that h.ul but twehe
fo that thofe who are repriev'd, are ei- in allbclore, has now twelve Cbincfc and
t'-.cr fet at liberty, or at leall have their twelve Tariais. Thefe are the fix foverc ign
liberty and hopes for fome momhs. courts "hat govern all China, and are fo h-
';ih Court The fixtii foverign court is cali'l Cfl%i- mous in that empire; but becaufe eaclint
pn, or the court of publick works. It them of it felf would have been too pow
has the care of building and repairing the erful, the wile emperors have fo Icttlal
royal palaces, the king's tombs, the tem- them and orderM their bulinefs, regiiLi-
ples where they pray to their ancellors,and ling all their proceedings, that none ot
iii- tiie
earth,
others in which they worfliip heaven,
the fun and moon It has alfo
charge of repairing the palaces of all the
:
them
nifmce
another.
is abfolute in the affairs
ot, but they
As
all
for inllance. The

it
dejx-nd one upon

has cop;-
tirll pre-
T)
courcs in the kingdom, and thofj of all fidcnt of the 4lh court, which is tlic
tlie great lords: It is to look after t!ic court martial, might have rebell'tl, li.i 1
towers, bridges, and all other neceflary his authority be( ii independant, becaiilc
works to make the rivers navigable, and all the troops in the kingdom are un-
the roads fit to travel. In its palace there der his tlirecfion ; but he li.is no moiicv,
are four fubaltern courts. The firff callM and after he has the emperor's order Ik
Tmxen-fu, whofe duty it is to examine mull have recourfe to the lecond court,
i- ;..,.;'
and form the dr.iughts of all works iliat which is tliat of the exchequer, 'llic
are to be m.ule. 'Jfecond ru-cm-fuy'
lie boats, waggons, tents, arms, and other
to whom is committed the providing of neccflaries for a w.ir, depend on the li\i!i
arms for the fleets. The third Tii-xni-fn, court, to which the touith mull have i-.
t.dvcs care to make the rivers and lakes courfe and lallly, the liorfes are .ii li::'
;
1
,,1
;• !
navigable, to level roads, and build and ditpofal of another lep.iratc court, c;
r''pair bridges. The fourth C/.v-ficn-fu, which they mull be ask'd.
looks to the king's houles and lands which The martial ManJaiines make live
is Ictt out, and receives the rents. courts, call'd Ufh, that is, (ivu dallls
|.Kl,'.f. Hv what has been laid it appe.irs, that or companies. Their palace is on tli-
uii.l uiii the fix Ibvercign courts have uiuier tiiem right and well fide of the empcmi's.
£'
lilt .
•
'A ij
Ibrty four inferior courts,
their pal.KCs within
which
the praincls of the
h.ive all I'he firll
fecond Tjl-fh or
is cal''^ Ueii-fii
:ft wing.
or rear.
The
I'he
third
N
:
Kill CllAP. VIII. Of C HIN A. 331

TfU-f!(, or riglit wing. Tl\c fourth ChJan- fing him concerning our Iioly £iith andGcMint
""'''
fii, or the muiii holy. 'I'lic fifth Chien- eternal blils. P,\u:; tyah the MaiiJiiriiie,
TIilII: five courts are go-
fu, or the van. /fcivc' ibij'c Glory and v''"'ku^^^
hollit'i, 'sour
vernVl by fifteen great lorJs, three ineadi Btij's he all your own, laho are a Stran- Uying <it'
of tlicm, of whom one is prcfalent, and ^tr ; for nil my Glory and Haf pinrfs ^ -^ I" '!'''
''''
the others adi'lVors. All the fifteen are of coi.'/ijh in this Girdle and Ilahit of a Man-
the firlt of Maiidarwes, but the
clafs d.irine ;the reft
,;// is nclLnn^ hit Talk
prcfiilents are of the firll degree of this and (lords, -which the Wind carries a-zc\iy,
tl.ifs, atul the aflelfors of the feconcl and are things told but not jicn ; what
They have charge of all the officers and ice fee is or advantage of Go-
the benefit
foldiers of the court. Thefe five courts verning and Commanding others. Gold,
are fubjeft to a fovcrcign court, call'd Sih.-r, [Fives, and Concubines, as alj'o a
I:hn-cl.nm-pi, that is court martial, the hUMcrous Train, Goods, Feajling, Diver-
prefidcnt whereof
always a great lord. is Jions,ami all Jorts of Happinejs, Honour
His authority over the laid fi\(
cxtcnels and Glory are the Confcquenccs of beini^
courts, and over all the ofliccrs and a Mand.ii-ine. This is the Ha/'finefs w
foldiers in the empire, but for fear, covet, and inhich ne enjoy in our grea:.
kit he (hould make ill ufe of fo great a ami mighty empire ; and not yours, ichich
trull, a learned M.iijJ.iriiie is ai)pointed is as iinprof table as it is Jnvifible, ami.
his alleflbr with the title of fuprcme impo/7ib!e to obtain. Thus fpoke that
reji-ent, and two roval infpcdors, who wicked atheilt.
have an eye upon all his ailions. The 'J'here arc other ATm.iarim^s of none
number of Mtird.miws is lb much in- of the nine cl.dles, eall'd Fi jo-lieu, that
civas'd, both for the better government, is, iinfettled men. Tliere arc alfo others
as alio to reward liibjec^ts that dcferv'd call'il r.ipin, that is, who find no clafs
well in alTiding the firlt king of the to fit them, becaufe their merits are 1(>
f.imilv belore liii'; now reigning, to make great, that thty them above all clafies
lilt
himfelf naltcr of the empire. And cer- and itegrecs. Thefe arc the p.'tty kings,
tainly the predominant paflion of the dukes and marqueiles, who govern in the
Cbincfc is the defire of rule, wherein live courts maitial, elleemin:' the digni-
they place all their glory and happi- ty of dukes and marqueiles, which thev
nefs; as may appear by an anfwer gi- have purchas'd by their gioat fcrvicci
ven by a AIiiiii!di!i:L- to father Ma.'fl'riv above that af Md'id.'.iiiui.
Rhcio (!i Mihci-.i;.!. This father difcour-
C II A P. VIII.
Of fwrtd other Courts in Pckinc, of tk fifteen Prcvimrs, and Cities of tk

Empire of Cliina.
Till-', firil of thcic courts is call'd defervcs to be tranfmitrcd to pofterity.

H.in-Hn-ivni, t'lat is, a garden or They compolc the gener.d hiftory of the
grove fiourifliiiig with learning and fci- kingdom antl other books, and they arc
enccs. 'I'his court contains a great num- properly the kings men of learning,
ber of learned .Mandarines of pregnant whom he be Kolaos and coun-
chofijs to
wits divided into ^\'<''i elafies, and ma- fcllors ; court is a royal fe-
in fliort, this
king {\\'c courts being cholen by the
-, minary. Thofe of the lirlt court arc of
im|)cror from among the new doctors the third rank of Mandarines, tholi; of
that take their il.grec every three years 'he fecond of the fourth, and all the
.'.t P kivi^, for all the licentiates of the other tlirce of the filth.
kingdom call'd Kiii-gin, that men illu- Having fpoke of the examination ofMinntr
Itrious in learning, are examin'd for thir- licentiates, and the degree ofdot'tors, it is"' '''^'">^
teen days together with all polliblc ri- pro]icr to dcfcribc the manner how they '''â''^'-"^'
gor, out of which the degree of doctor arrive at the decree of batchelors, which
is af'terwanls given to only three hun- is conferr'd and to that
in the cities,
dred fixty \'\\, v.ho have proved ihcm- of licentiate given
the metro- only in
lelves the ablell men. 'I'he members of politan cities of provinces, as that of
% 'i"-K|/.'tit!
ihele live courts, arc teachers and precep- iloctor is only at Peking. As for the
tors of the youti!^ prince, who is to fucli.itchelor's degree, which the Chinefe
leed in the empire, whom vhcy inltruct 'jail Siu-Z,iy, there is a pcrfon appoint-
in virtue and learning according to iiis ed by the king in every pro- ince, who
~v^\i:. They write ill whatfoevcr h.ip- goes from one city to another to ex-
pi.ns u court or in the empire, which amine the fludcnts, of whom four ni
tiv:
332 A Vd/Âê round the I'Vorhl. Book II. i C"^''*
CfMEMifive thoufand come to be exiiminM in them to try their wits the firll day, is
1696. every city, acconling as they arc more four leniences taken out of the vaft num-
t^'''"V"^'or Icfs inhabited. They are thrice put ber ot them in Conjiieim his books, tlwt
upon by as many fevcral exami-
tryal ib, out of three of the four counted moll:
ners. The firll is by four antient learn- authentick among tlie ChiKi-fe ; theli; arc-
ed men, who rcfide in the colleges ot hung up at the four corner-; of the court,
Confucius The lecond is by the niagi-
: in valfblack letters on white paper.
llrates of the ciiy, and only of thofe Upon them every one is to frame a diC
who were thought worthy of it oy the courle, not exceeding live hundred ch:i-
Hrft examiners The third by tiie Tljt-
: raders, which are as many words. On
l/io, or king's examiner, of thofe few che i2t.h day of the moon, three liiveral
that have pafs'd the fecond fyal. Thus, points are propos'd, upon which judg-
<)f the thoufands that at iirit expos'd ment is to be given, to advili; the kinij
ihemlelvcs 10 the hazard of fb difficult by way k.'. memorial. The lalf day they
;cn undertaking, only a few are at lall defire three cafes in livil anil crimin.d af-
admitted to the honour of batchelorfliip ; fairs ; either abfolving, condemning, or
and fomctimcs they do not rife to thirty, compounding between the parties, as if
all tlie rell being rejeCled as unworthy they were giving judgment upon the
mid inca}>.ible. Yet this docs not dil- bench. They labour at each of thele
inay thofe that are rejected, or put them examinations from break of day, till
by their ifudics 1 but being IpurM on night i the dinner for thofe in the court
by the honour done to thole that re- being provided by the city, and very
ceive the degree, they return to their light, that it may not dull tlic wit. A'.
Ihidics with more carnellnefs, to appear night the compofitors fold their compo-
again at the next examination. fitions, and deliver them to people ap-
Afterwards only the ablell of thofe that pointed to receive them, e\ery one fub-
were graduated in tlve firlt examination Icribing name. Thefe compofitioiis
his
of batchelors rcfort to the fecond for li- are by clerksj and being at-
tranfcribed
centiates, or matters, becaufe it is very tcrvvards compar'd with the originals, .in.
ilvcrc. Thefe are promoted only once in deliver'd to the alfellbrs to judge of the
three years in the eiglith moon, which worth ot them, without knowing the au-
iifually happens in our September, and thors, to prevent all corruption. Thcii:
this no where but in the fifteen metropo- jiick out the bell, double the number
litan cities of provinces, and fuch a cer- that is to be preferr'd, and tlie two exa-
tain number prefixt, there being about miners chufe one half out of them. Thele
one hundred and fifty in the two princi- compofitions being then compar'd with
pal cities of Peking and Nanking, and the originals, kept the mean while lockM
more or lels in the others down to an up, the owners names are publilli'tl, and
hundred. The emperor chufes thirty able they thus receive the ilegree of mailers,
men to be examiners, of whom two go with grc.it rejoycing, at the end of tl;c
into every province for that purpofe, and fime eighth moon. And bccaule the '/,;)
it is to be perform'd precifely on the ninth, tan by reafon of their ignorance could
and fifteenth day of the eighth not through
ealily pals
kit H?^:'Vi: '
iwcifth,
moon. Thcfe examiners call two others tions,that they may have
tiiefe
tiic
examin.i-
decree of li-
to their afTillance, for they would not be centiates to capacitate them to be Man-
.ible to go through lb much alone. In eUviiies,the emperor has in their behalf
the mean while the two examiners fpcak brought up the title of Kuu-Scm, which
with no body, to prevent any jealoufy or is beltow'd lor money, confirming them
fufpicion i and they flay till the ninth day for ever in the degree of batchelors, aiij
in the morning to give all at once, on a in a capacity of being Muiularmei.
luddcn, the argument or theme they Thecourt call'd C,uc>\ii-Kieii, is ihciK-
arc to write upon. This examination lOyal of all the empire, which.:-
fchool
is pcrlorm'd in a palace, about which has care of all thele batchelors and Ifii-'''-
there are fmall chambers with tables dents, to whom the emperor has gram-''
and chairs. When the batchelors go in, ed fome privilege ro make them equul
they arc (Irictly lt:archVi to lee whetlier to batchelors, as delivering the wine to
ti'iey have any writing about them, which the emperor when he furifices to hc.i-
if they had, they would certainly be b.i- ven, tlie earth, the fun, moon, or any
llonauoM, they being allow'd nothing other well-deferving i rcature. Tlieic

!,i.t white ])apcr, three pencils, and an graduate fludents, are of fix forn, -J.-.
ink-horn. Having their fubject they are Cumfem, tîwnfii/i, Nyii-fim, Cum-lfK,
To ircat of, they are Ihut into theli; little Kicn-fem, Ciim-cu, who are ufiially liiir-
looms, and guarded ih.it they may not ry'd to women of the king's houllioM,
talk to one another. 'Ihe theme given to whom ihc king grants thii favour, as
alio
;
Chap. VIH. 0/ C H I N A.
33?
alio upon account of their fore-fathers Ti-bio into every city, toexamin tlie bat-GEMn.ti.i
lervices, or upon occafion of publick re-
'''9t>.
chelors , and punifli their inlblencies com-
'-^•'"^
joycing. initted againft thepeople by abufing their
Court of
The Mandarines tliat belong to the privileges, and punilh them fsverely. To
viiitors. court call'd Tiuha-yuen, or vifitors anil conclude, this court, every time it thinks
cenfors of the court, and of all the em- fit, li-nds a vifitor call'd Shun-bo, to make
pire. The equal in dignity to
prefident is a vifitation upon that famous canal we
the prefident of the fix Ibvereign courts have fpoke of elfewhere.
and accordingly is a Mandarine of tin; This court is kept in a vafl p.ilacc,
fecond claft, and his firll auelTor of the and has under it twenty five inferior
third, and all the other Mandarines, courts, divided into five clafTcs ; and each
whofe dignity is very great, of the fe- of the five courts has five prefidents, and
vcnth clafs. their duty always to
It is abundance of afTelTors and inferior offi-
have a watchful eye over the court and cers, who have particular names, as has
all the empire, to caufe the laws and been laid of other courts, that take care
good cuftoms to be obferv'd, and the of the welfare of the city. Particlarly
Mandarines to obferve jullice ; punilh- the two lafl clafies have the charge of
ing their inferiors, and acquainting the apprehending thieves, maleta<!:tors and
emperor with the faults of their equals, vagabonds, and to remit them to the fu-
l-.very three yearsthey make a general vi- perior couris ; to vifi: the flreets and
fitation, fending fourteen vifitors througii- quarters and to go the rounds, and
-,
oiit the empire, one to every province. kttp watch at night. The ciptains of
As foon as the vifitor enters tiie province, flreets, or headbourDjghs are flibjecl to
he is fuperior to the vice-roy, and all thefe two clafies ; for every twelve fami-
the Mandarines great and fmall, and he have a chief over t!iem, call'd Paiteii,
lies
tries or afts the cenfor over them with and over ten of thefe Paitsus, is another
fuch rigor and authority, that the dread officer call Tjutn-Kia, whofe duty it
they vl"j ifl>-«
the Mandarines have of him, was the oc- is to acquaint the court with
what is done
calion of that common proverb in China, within his ward contrary to law, or good
Lao-xu, Kien-mao, that is, Tbe moufc hat manners, and to give an account of all
3MP
iWn the cat, and tiiis not without caule, (I rangers that come tiiither, and any-
for he can take away their employ- thing elfe that is unufual. They arc alio
ments, and ruin tlicm. Tlie .ilitation to exhort the liiveral families to virtue,
ended, the vifitors return to court, witli and a good life.
every one half a million given him by The court Ju-hio is govern'd by two Court of
the Mandarines, wiiich they fhare with prefidents, who have charge of the learn- '"cIk^'oi'"-
the prefident and his aflefibrs, and then ed and martial batchelors, to exercife the "Mi
give them and the emperor an account hrll of thefe in difcourfes upon good
of their vifitatioi.. For the moft part government, and the others in military
they accufe none but fuch Alandarincs, afiairs.
whole injullice, and other crimes are lb The court call'd Cotao, or Co-!a, is cvur; of
publick, that they cannot be conceal'd, that of the infpeiftors before-mention'd,iniiicttois.
or the poor one that could give them no divided into fix claires, as are the fix
money. I'his vifuation is call'd Tacbai, fbvertign courts from which they take
or the great and general vifitation. The their names. As for inllance, the firll
fuiie court makes a fecond vifitation iscall'd l.iiO, or infpeftors of the fu-
cnll'd Cbun-chai, or middle vifitation, preme court of Mandaruics ; or Huô,
icntling vifitors to t!ie nine quarters of infpeclors of the fupremc court of the
the trontiers, on the fide of the great exchequer, and lb the reft. I-'.very clafs
wall that tiivides Cbina and 'T'ar/ary. confills of leveral Mandarines of the fe-
If thole that go the general vifitation venth rank. hey are appointed to tell
I
make a great advantage, or rather Ileal the em[)eror what faults he commits in
much ; thcfe out-do them amongfl the government and they are lb bold in
;
diftributers of fait. The third vifita- this particular, that they often expofe
tion is call'd Siaochai, or the little vili- themlelves to the hazard of banilhinent
fation, and is m.ide every three months, and deatli, to tell their prince the truth,
lending viiitors lometinx-s unknown, and either by way of memorial, or by word
in firll to one province or ci-
dilguile, of mouth i of which there are many ex-
ty, and then to another, to receive pri- ainples in the Cbinefe hillories. And it
vate information agiinll fome Manda- has happen'd that kings have mended
rine fimous for his ill practices. Hefides their fiults, and generoully rewarded
rhcit- vifitations the court every three thole that nprov';' them. It is their du-
ve.us ll'ruis a vifitor call'd //ioi'jien iii- to have a watchful eye over the mif-
;o every province, and another call'd tarriages ot the fix fupreme courts, and
\'ni.. iV. Qqqq to
;;
334 A Voyage round the JVorhl Book If,
Gp.MEi.Lito give the emperor notice of them by thoufand every y(;ar, and the great men
i6g6. memorial privately. The emperor makes and private perfons double the num-
'-''^''ûre of tlicle Mandarinei in atiairs of con- ber.
(cqucnce, ami chufes three out of them Kin-tien-kien is the court of the m.ithe-foin
every year for vifitors. maticks. The prefident (who at this m.ithc,.".,
Court nf The court IHm-ghi-fu furnidies the em- time is fuller P/'i///) Grimaldi of tlie fo-'ifi-
ambafli- peror with ambafladors, and eivoys to ciety of Jcfus) is of the fifth clafs, his
dor.
fend into Coring when he confirms that two aflefibrs of the fixth, and the rcfl ct
king in his title, or to carry a title to tlic feventh and eighth. They apply
other del'erving perfons. themfelves to the itudy of altronomy,
Court of The court Tai-li-fii, that is, fovereign and aftrology, and are to inform the
doubtful emperor when there will be eclipfes ot
reafon and jullice, has the charge of
examining doubtful and difficult cafes the fun and moon, and their quality and
and of confirming or revoking fentences duration. Whereof the emperor gives
pronounced, efpecially in the criminal notice to all the courts of the provinces
court, where goods, honour, or life by means of the court of rites, that
I iii:i lie at (lake ; for if any man be con-
demn'd to death, and this court find

the m(;tivcs of fuch judgment dubious,
they may prepare to perform the neccl-
fiiry ceremonies ; which confifl in beat-
ing the drum, whilll the eclipfe Lifts, the

it remits the cafe to its San-fa-fu, which Mandarines kneeling, with their eyes lift-
is, as it were its council of confcience, ed up to heaven, and with awful fear.
and this joining with the court of Tai- This court every year fersout the al-
/i-fu, and that of 'Tu-chc-ytien, or fu- manack, which is !pre;id throughout tiic
pre;"m court of vifitors, and the cri- whole empire.

min court, they all together examin
:. The court Tai-y-yuen, or rather col- (- ,
tiiematter over again, in the prcfence lege of phyficians, is compos'd of thofe fh,?''
of the iccufer and party accus'd, and belonging to the einperor, emprefs, andcu .
often reverfe the fentence. princels ; who prepare their own medi-
JUS!-.;,'.;, :
,^ _ The court Ti/w-fWw-ytt has the charge cines. Thefe Mandarines depend on tiie
of the emperor's orders at
publirtiing court of rites.
court, and throughout all the empire Thi" court call'd Hum-lu-fii, confifts ofM^. .
as alfo of perufing all the memorials of mailers of the ceremonies at publick au-';r;r*
the lea; ned and military Mandarines be- dienccs, and is affifbint to that of rites.'"'
for,? they are deliver'd to the emperor, The court Xamlen-yucn, has charge ofG,:j-.
which they fl;op, or fend up, as they the gardens, and of the cattle kept for
fm'\p'>l''
think fit ; none being allow'd to prefent facrifices and entertainments. It is iub-
a ncmorial to the emperor, before it jedl to the court of rites.
has been revis'd, and approv'd by this The court Xam-pao-fu, has the keep- CMn::
court except thofe of the Mandarines
-, ing of the emjjcror's feal ; which is
of Peking, who prefent theirs immedi- fquarc, a fpan over, made of a preci-
ately. The prefident of this court is of ous Hone, as the letters on it denote,
the third clafs. which are Xam-fao. Here the court ot
AfTocutc The court Tai-cbam-fu, is in a man- Mandarims come for the feals, to he-
court. ner afTociatcd to the fupreme court of ftow their employments on the Maruk-
rites and ceremonies. The prefident is rines of the court and provinces, the
of tlie third clafs, his afltflors of the king's leave being firfl had.
fourth, and the reft of the fifth and fixth. The court Kin-y-guei, is the guard tocij;;
It has peculiar charge of mufick, of
tiie the emperor's perfon. They guard, and
tiie faciifices, and of the marry'd Bonzes, attend him when he goes abro.ad, or gives
and other matters. audience. It confifls of fcvcral huntireds
An9t)i< There is alfo another court affociated of martial Mandarines, the fons of gre.it
to that of rites, and call'ii ^lam-lo-ju, lords, and is divided into four cliiffes.
that is, royal inns, which has charge of Thefe are never remov'd as other Mmi-
providing the cattle, wine, and other darines are, but continue in their court,
things neceflliry for the emperor's liicri- but often rife to be prefidents and Kolaoi.
fices, and entertainments. The prefident Thefe, tlio* they are martial Mandarine.',
is of the third clafs. are independent of the Pimpu, th;it is,
Couvi for
Mandarines of the court call'd
I'fje the fupreme military court.
"""'
Tiii-po-fii,are of the fame clafTes as The two courts c;drd Xin-<jiie-fii,C,.i'
thofe of the lall, and provide horfes for which have the management of tlie cii-™''
the emperor, and for war, diftributing floms of Peking, and take care to pl.ice
them to the commanders, and in the waiters at all the gates of the city to
fortrcffes. At prefent the Tartars bring receive the duties, which depend on tiic
rhem in, and tne emperor buys fevcnty court of tiie cxdiequcr.
The
; ;
BooKlLf Chap. VIH. 0/ C HIN A. 335

for The Tti-pti lias two t.- •
vments, /bme who were remotely allyM, they ap-GFMn.i.i
Com 1
which are to apprehend tl)icve> ma- '

jily'd themfelves to mechanick arts, and ''')^'-
'-'^'"^
flors. Icfadors, and proceed ag,\iiift; tl, i it , were become too inlblent among the
they find them not guilty, they nv;- </' people but at prefent there is no off-
,
'•
charge them ; but it it finds them gu Ipringof them left. The kindred of the
it mull turn them
over to the criminal Tartar emperor now reigning, arc all
court. It has alio power to fecure run- lords ot note, and live at court 1 but if
away flaves, to baftinado, and then reftorc their reign Lifts long, they alio mull come
them to their matters, firtt marking them to a mean comlition, by reafon of their
with a hot iron on the left arm. Cut- numbers.
purfcs arc mark'd with ilich an iron on Honm-chin is a court that has the like'^""'.' "i'
arm, for the firfl otVence for the power over the king's kindred by ig. '>^™lc |.'>'^
the left -,
2d in the right, and for the 3d are tent male defcent. Thefc are of two forr^ •,
up to the criminal court. the firfl, of thofe %ho defccnd of '.'.c

The court call'd Fu-yn, is that of the emperor's daughters, marry to cho.ce
rour'b two governors of the city of Peking. fliuL'nts, as was laid above, call'd Fii-
lOllII. Thefe governors are fuperior to thole ma ; but they are not accounted princes
of all the other cities in the empire. They of the blood by the Cbimy, nor the
arc of this 3d clals of Mandarinrs., and emperor's kindred, as having no right
their alfeflbrs of the fourtli. The lirll to the fuccelTion, rho' tiie male-line
fuperintcndcnt of all the fcholars and lear- were quite extinrt. This cullom is ob-
ned men in Peking, who are not yet Man- ferv'd even among the people ; for in
(lirines. The fecond has the adminiltra- China, to marry a da ^'iter, is the lame
tion of jufticc, and takes account of all thing, as for ever to exclude her the
the families, and fouls in the city, and family, and fix her in the husband's,
prepares the place and nccclTlirics to offer whofc firnamc flie takes. Therefore
ficrifice. The Chincfc call this gover- when the Cbinefe will cxprefs, that a
nor Fu-Mti, that is, fatlier and mother maid is gone to the bridegroom's houfe,
of the peop'e. they do not make ufe of the verb Kiti,

There are two other courts call'd Tai- to go, but of the verb .'^(;, to return
him-birn,and Vom-pin-hicn, which de- thus they do not lay, flie is gone, but
pend on that ot the governors of the return'd home. So when the grandfa-
city, and have the fmie affairs in charge ; ther talks of his fon's cliikircn, he calls
be-aufe Peking is divided into two cities, tiiem plain Sun-cii, my grandlbns ; but
according to the practice throughout the when he fpeaks of his daughters, he tîys,
empire, where cities arc rcckoreJ as one, Vai-fun-cu, my grandlbns abroad ; be-
or two, according to their bigiicls. 'the caule heaccounts them of his Ibn-in-
prefidcnts of thefc courts are of the 6th law's family. So when they fpeak of a
clais. dead pcrfon, they do not fiy, fuch a
-I Tj'um-gin-fu is the court of the great one is dead, but fuch a one is return'd
'1
men, who are lineally defcended from to the earth. Among the 2d fort of
the royal family. The prefident is one kindred of the emperors of the female
of thofe who have the quality of kings line, are accounted the parents, brothers,
and is of no clafs, being above tiiem all. uncks, anil other relations of the cm-
His two alTefTors are loids of the blood- preflcs the emperor's fons-in-law, and
-,
royal, and above the clalR's ; but all their parents, brothers, and uncles ; of
affairs are difpatch'd with the afTillance thefc two forts the cniperor choofes fomc
of fome of the MiUuhiriues of the fix of the mofl remarkable to compofe
fovcrcign courts. All their bufinefs is to their court. The dilference between thefc
diftribute the money allow'd tor the and t!ie princes of the blood, is, that
emperor's male-kindred, whether rich or thefe lall none of the nine clalTes,
are
poor, to the iixth degree of conlimgui- and the others are ot the ill and 2d,
nity 1 more or Icis, according to their tho' they think themfelves more honour'd
dignity, and nearncfs of blood. Befitics, by the title of Iloam-chin, and that ot
they judge of all matters, civil or cri- lii-mit, fignitying the king's kindred, than
minal, wherein thofe are concern'd and -,
by that of Mandarine, tho' of the firfl
execute the fentencc, after acquainting clafs. This 2d fort of kindred, was alto
the emperor. Thefe relations of the dellroy'd by the Tartars.
emperor's have the privilege of paint- I'.nough has lieen laid of the courts of Sovereign
ing their houfes ami moveables red. Mandarines, and the government of the'"""'''"'
The family before this now in the throne, court ; it remains now to Ipeak brief- "^ f"^'^'
having reign'd two hundred llvcnty fix ly of thofe of the provinces, I-'.ach pro-
ViMrs, w.is increas'd to fuch a number, vince has a lb%'ereign court, on which
tint the allowance falling fliort, for all tiic others depend, The prefident
has
336 ^ y^K'^ found the World. Boo K ii.
G CM ELM li.is tlie Tutan Kiuntnucn, Fu-

title of or Tiw Tj'iii/i ; and are for the moll part
1O96. yzrii, and other n.imcs, figni-
Sitm-fu, vifitors of all parts ot their province,
fying governours of provinces, or vici- 'i'his court may puniili criminals with
roys, and is ulually cliofen out of the conlifcation of goods, and lols of li(c,
ift, 2d, or 3d ciiil's, as the i<.ing plca- according to the hcinouliiefs of their of-
I'cs. It belongs to liini to govern, both fenccu ; and when there is no vilitor in
in peace and war, the people and iol- the province, it has an eye o\'er all tin-
diery, in civil and criminal afiairs ; and other Miiiidaiiut'5., and acqu.iints the em-
to give tlic emperor, and fix (bvcreign peror with what happens. In a woi\i,
courts, an account of all things of thefe two courts, the civil an crimin.i], )
note. To him are direded all orders aet in the fame alVairs as the fix Ibvereicru
from the emperor and his courts, and courts at Peking, and are as it were iluir
all the Momiarbics of the province arc iiibllitutes.
oblig'd to have rcifourfe to his court, Lvcry province is divided into territo-Dni:,
in matters of wciîi. There are other ries, and each territory has a MaiidarhuÛ-'--
viceroys c.illM Tfuin-lo, who have the call'd Tao-li, who is as it were a vilitor,"-'
government of two, three, or four pro- or infpeftor of all that is well or ill done
vinces i as for inflance, l.eam-qiiam Tjio't- within his diftrict, and therefore he is ti
/>, vice-roy of the provinces of i'^tam- ken from the court of infpc(flors, call'd
ItiVi and ^îiun-fi, (i^t.vn-ttim fignifies Co-liio, whereof we have fpoke above.
A provmce towards the eafl, and fûam-Ji It is his duty to caufe the governors of
;> (.rovincc that (fietches towarils tiie cities and towns, to pay in the empe-
well, and otheis, cfpecially on the fron- ror's duties pundually.
tiers of Ttiriiiry. Befidcs the vice-roy, All cities of the firfl: rank, whcthcic,.,'
there is in every province a victor, they are metropolitans or not, havem::..
caird Xgaii-iiii, or Ngan-yvcn ; and court, in which the governour ot it and
another officer of great note, call'd its territory prefidcs, who is a Mmuli-
T'llm-fim, who commands all the troops riiic of the 4th clafs, and callM Cbifu.
in the province. This man is ufually He has three afliiFors -, the (iril call'd
chofen out of the firft clals of martial Tumcb'i, the 2d Tum-fuoii, and the ,nt
Miiihlariufs. All thefe fupreme officers Cbui-quon ; all of the (ith and 7th clafs.
of ihe provinces, have many Maiulanna They are alfo call'd 2d, 3d, and 4t!i
under them, who affift in difpatch of bu- lord of the 2d, 3d, or 4th feat , or ot
fincl!i. Tho' every one of them general- the 2d, 3d, or 4th city, becaule the prc-
ly has his palace within the metropolis, fident is call'd lirfl lord, firtl teat, nn>l
yet they do not always live there ; but firff city. Befides ihele there are tour in
travel about all the province, according ferior Mandiniitcs, call'd Kim-Iir, Cbu ,':<.,
as neccflUy requires. Chao-mo, Kim kiao, of the ytli, 8th, ami
Courts of
'^ '^'^ particular courts of metropoli- fjth cl.ifTes. Enough has been laid ol the
cities. tan cities are thefe that follow. A duty of this court, when we fpoke of the
court for civil caufes, call'd Pu-chimfii government of Pcki)ig. All the cities oi
the whereof is a Mandunin:

prcfident the empire have fuch Mandarines ; hut
of the firlf degree of the "".d clafs, his when they are places of great trade, or
two afTclTors of the fecond degree of have a large territory, and many vilLi-
tiie lame cl.ds. This has two other ges ilepending of them, the number of
courts not ilepcnding on it, but by Mfhlarines is double.
way of affiftants. That on the left is The cities of the 2d rank, call'tl ChenS'i-' -'
the mofl honourable, and is call'd Tfan- arc of two forts, thofe of the firft, are"'.''
cbin, in wiiich there are two prefidents only fubjeft to the metropolis, as it they''"'"
of the 2d degree of tiie ^d ciafs. That were of the firll rank, and have towns
on the riglit is call'd -T'lhii-y, its prefi- depending on them thofe ot the id arc
•,
lients are equal, and of the 2d degree fubjcc't to the cities of the firll rank,
ot the t(jurth clafs. In all thefe three w'-.ethci they have villages depending on
courts there are many inferior Man- them or not. The prefident of tliilc ci-
call'd Xeu-lin-quon, who have it
(iariHfs, ties call'd Chi-cheu, is of the 2d degree
in charge to decide all controverfies, of the 5th clafs, and has two affenbrs
and gather the revenues of the province. of the 2d degree of the 6th and 7th l.il- i
The criminal court is call'd Nân-cha- fes, the firfl of which is call'ii C/.'.'i-
fti ; and its is ot the 3d
prefident, who tuvi, and the 2d C/jeu-/won ; befides an-
ci.ils, has no
under him, but
afleffors other Mandarine c.dl'd Liino, of tho id
two benches ot Manddiines. On the degree of the 9th clafs. Tliele act in
, fird call'd I'o-fu, are AluiiJariiies of tiic the fimie manner as the governours of
4th clafs on the 2d call'd 'Ihien-fu, ot
; cities of the firft r.ink. 'J'iie people c;ill
tiie ith, botii togetlier are call'd T,(9-//, the governour 7'((w, that is, gre.it. or
firl'.
Book., I Chap. VIII. Of CHINA. 337
firft lord, and the thrcr others id, 3d, ing in a fciiool. Befides thcfc Manda- Gnitiu
mod: pan
and 4th lords. rtnes ilifpers'd throughout the cmi)ire, '(Jgfi
Inkii ir I'",very other city of

the empire has there arc particular courts in other pro-"->^-*^
nals witii
of
ciiici. a court, whofe prefidcnt is call'd Cbi- vinces, as that for the dillribution ot
i
life,
hioi, and is of the ift degnte of ihe 7th fall, the fuix'rintendance of the cmjx;-
tlicir ot-
clafs. Under him he has three alTcflbrs, ror's revenue and others.
vilitor in
rhe id of them of tl»c Sth clafs, and cal- All the courts we have hitlierto gi-M,i;:i,il
cr all tlic
led Hieu-chim 1 the 2d of the 9th Chu- ven an account of, confill of learned "»'•'•
:s the cm-
piii, but the 3d Tirn-fu of no clafs. Yet Mandarines, but thotc that belong to the
a word,
if this man behaves himlelf well during martui men are more numerous, for
criinirul,
his three years employment, the gover- befides that they arc in all places where
foVLTligll
wurc nor of the inferior city acquaints him of thole ot rhe gown-men are, there be
thi-ir
the fuperror, arnl he the governor of the others on the borders of provinces, in
metropolis ; who informs the two great the fea-ports, and many more on the
to territo-D',,;
courts of the fame, and they the vice- frontiers towards Tartary. There is a
Vldiidiinu"' i'.
: a vifitor,"'
roy. He writes to the fovereign coiirl new catalogue printed every year with
of Mandarines, they give notice to the the names of the martial Mandarines
or ill ilone
counfellors of ftate, and lallly the coun- employ'd in them, their titles, coimtry,
c he is ta
fellors of flate fpeak to the emperor ; and the time when they took their degrees,
ars, call'J
kc above, who generally makes him a Mandarine and the like of rhe learned Mandarines.
pernors of
of the 8th or 9th clafs. And tiius muft The number of rhe leirned Manda- Number
Mandarines rile to a iiigher dignity, but vines throughout die c.npire is 13047,"^ ^''""''•'
the cmpe-
by the help of fome prefent, proportio- and that erf" the martial jS.^20, in air"'''
nable to the benefit they m.iy receive j 32167-, which tho' mofl ccTt.iinly true,
, whether C'.:.r-
have
and this is the cauie why they afterwards may perhaps feem unlikely ; but there is
t, a^-.. .
fell juftice. no lefs to be admired in the diflribution

of it ami
a Mmuk- ^î„. A
Mandarine when once he is mount- of their employments, their diflindlion
mer.^sof mull always be employ Vl, that he
ing, and fubordiiiation fo that it teems the
-,
IIM Cbifu.
firit callM
W.«i.- may commit no grofs error in his office ; legiflators omitted nothing that was ne-
'"'
as at Rome the governments of the eccle- ccfTary, and forcfiiw all the inconveni-
id the ill
liaftical ftate, are given in courfe, men encics that might h.ippen. No empire
7th cLils.
ridng from the inferior to the greater. in the world would be better govern'd
I, and 4th
I? It is cuftomary
i: in China to write or more fortunate, were the conduft
at i or ot
as many names of cities, as there are and integrity of the officers fuitabic to
lie the prc-
Mandarines that want employments, and the goodneis of the laws 1 but the jn-
: icat, a:iJ
then they draw them by way of lot feriotir Mandarines, fludying nothing fo
[re tour in
tho' it is well known, that he who is of much, as how to cheat their fuperiors,
', Cbu-jh,
intelligence with the court, fo orders the thefe the fovereign courts, and all to-
Sth, anil
that the name of the city he
tablets, gether the emperor, with extraordinary
lid ot the
would have comes up. This artifice art and ingenuity, not to call it huini-
okc of the
does not always fucceed, and they tell lity, and Hattery it is no wonder the
-,
ic cities 01
us of a Mandarine, who drawing a prince fiiould fometimes be impos'd up-
IIICS hut
mean lot infleud of a great city, and on with falthood, intlead of truth and ;
trai;c', or
therefore being enrag'd for the money the people be opprefs'd by the tyranny
lany vilLi-
he had given the regiiter, flood up (for of evil minirters, notwithflanding the
luinbcr of
It is the cuPiom to kneel at chat time) wholefome laws.
and falling upon him, beat, and abus'd All the Mandarines here mention'd. Rules fi.r
U'd CheiuCi-
• him fufficiently in the prcfence of above have their employments for three ye-ars, 'W'"'''-
firll, arc'-'
three hundred Mandarines, l-'or which be- wliich being exj.ir'd, they rife to others""''" ''.; t'F
as it thcy'''^' ,'^Jf-- K lip'
ing both fent to prifon, they wanted but better, their ill behaviour being no hin-
ave towns
he id arc
little of being oop .-"inVl to death, thofe
. ilranc, as has been fiid. No man has
contracts beini^ ft; Lm*. by the h'ws upon any power or authority, in the city or
irll rank,
pain ot death. province where he was born, that ju-
•mling on
Oiner Befides thole alreaily mention'd, there ilice may not be wrefted out of favour,
t" thtlc n-
fo:irr. is a court of the empire,
in all rhe cities or alVedion ; but this is allow'd in mar-
id dc^ra*
confilling of a prefident, and two or three tial Mandarines, that they may fight
alienors
afTefTors, who are call'd Kian-quon, that with more refolution, in defence of
7 th cl.ll'-
is, judges of the learned, bccaufe it is their country. None of them has fcr-
IM Cku-
their duty to take care of le-arning, and vants, or officers of his own ; but when
elides an-
of the learned men ; to fee the batche- he comes to the place a( his govermenr,
of the 2.1
lors commit no inlolencies againd the muft receive thofe that are offcr'd him !*
jle ai'l in
j)eople -, and trom time to time to alfem- and maintnin'd by the publick, that they
rnourii of t*
bk' the licentiates, doctors, antl priviledg'd may have no confiilents, through whole
icople call
r ;(
Aftiihliirines to tre.u of matters of Icarn- means to receive prefents or fell jullice.
I
yreal. or
firl'.
Voi,. I\'. Rrrr Jf
;
338 yt Voyage round the Ifotiil. ^""'"1 I Chap.

GiMtLLiIf they take along with them their fons, ftom emperors themfclves obfcrve.
the
'"y^'-
'
brothers, or other relations tiicl'e are -, 'i'he feveral dignities and qualities of
^^'^'"^^not to converfe with the jxople, but to fo many Mandarines are known by fe-
live reclufe liite Cartbufians. The bell veral figns. I. By the infcriptions ami
of it is, that the' there be fo many good titles written on tablets they caufe to
laws to prevent and punifti the corrup- be carry'd before them. 2. By the num-
tion of Mandarines^ uifpending any one ber of attendants that go along with
that receives to the value of ten Trt)«, them, dragging Ibves along the ground,
ilifplaring him for thirty, und taking his carrying banners and other things. Be- Po
fides, by the number of men that carry Po,
life for fifty, yet their Knavery and ava-
rice finds ways to receive money fo pri- them in their chair, for four arc allow'd
vately, that it is matter to con-
a hard the inferior and eight to the bet-
fort,
vift them ; befides that they conceal one ter i and laltly by the number of ftrokcs
another's faults. on the Cbinefe drum which goes before
When a Mandarine's father or mother the company, for they give five flrokes
dies, hemullrefign his employ, to mourn on it for the meancft Mandarines, feven,
three years, and give the due onour to 1 nine, eleven, and as far as thirteen for
thole from whom h 'lad hb ^ 1<-ep- '
v the greatell. It is alfo to be obferv'd,

ing for a long tir.. \.MV .t le flr.iw that amidll this prodigious number ol'
by the tomb, eatir \-~j: i' ° months
,-; Mandarines there never happens any con-
nothing but rice bos'' si •'•g but •
' tell, as is ufual in Europe, on account ot
water, wearing for liv: 's*' y^^î a Tar- precedency. Becaufc, if the emperor hears
mtnt of fackcloth, the .cônd ol '•;
of any fuch thing, he certainly puts them
cloth not fo courfe, and the third ui , out of their employments, that they may
better Ibrt and all this time continuing
•, decide their controverfies as private men.
m tiie ul'ual ihcrifices > which dutiful cu-
CHAP. IX.
Of the Chinefe CharaSterSy bf their Ingenuity and Skill in the liberal Arts, and
of their chif Booh.
Chiiifff '"p^HO' the Egyptians boaft of their Pum, and the like ; fo that taking awav
clurailcrs.
_|_ being the firll who tranfmitrcd thole monafyllables which they make no
their thoughts to pofterity, by the means ull"of, as not being able on any ac-
of characters and hieroglyphicL.s yet count to pronounce them, as Ba, Be,
m\] 1','
it is certain the Chinefe hacf them long
;
Bi, Bo, Bit, Ra, Re, Ri, Ro, Rtt, Pom,
m^
'''':'.
-r -til
,
before. All other nations have had a
general way of writing, compos'd of an
Tom, Norn, Mom, &c.
well conlider'd
Their words
in themfclves, are not
alphabet of about twenty four letters, above three hundred and twenty, but
which tho' difiêring in mape, have al- confider'd with their different accents,
moll the lame found ; but the Cbinefe they are enough to compofe a moll per-
make ufe of at leall fifty four thoufand feft language. For inllance, the I'yl-
four hundred and nine letters to exprefs lable Po pronounced feveral ways figni-
their meaning ; and this with fuch a fics eleven feveral things, being as oc-
grace, vivacity and force, that they cafion ferves a noun, pronoun, lubllan-
leem not to be charadlers, but voices tive, adjedivc, adverb, and participle;
and tongues that fpeak, or rather figures and fo when it is a verb it may be dc-
and images, which reprefent every thing monllrative, imperative, fubjunftive, and
to the life. infinitive in numbers more or lefs with
-,
Two forts Thefe letters arc of two forts, either their perfons ; in time prefent, imjxir-
ot cluM- fiinple, or compound of feveral fim- fc(fl, preterpcrfeft and future. The ill-
ples and bccaufe eve-y one of them

i verfe pronounciation is in the diverfity of
(contrary to what is with ours) is a the accent, which is either plain, llrong,
fign und image, reprefenting fome par- flat, fharp, or circumfiex ; as alfo from
ticular thing when join'd to another the afpiration, which is alfo mark'il
therefore they are not to be call'd let- down, as among the Greeks. Ail thi>
Thelan- i ;rs but hieroglyphicks. Another thing may be underflood by the eleven feve-
E-'K« wonderful in this tongue is, that the ral ways the fyllablc Po may be mark'd
words are few, and all fyllables, as Pa, and confider'd.
Pe, Pi, Po, Pti, Pm, Pern, Pirn, Pom,
When
;l
!
i
; .
CiiAP. IX. 0/ CHINA. 339

Cj'-Alkl.LI
I (k)(,.
When this fyllablc is pronounced with tion of the words. The Chinefi people Sa' ;V/.
the accent finooth and all of a piece, therefore pronounce all things well and''"""^-
Po, it fignilies
\ with d Glafs the flat with calc, without knowing what tones
Pa it Boil i with
fignifics to a Iharp or accents mean ; only the learned be-
Pd, a Sifter nf Corn or Rice ; the 4th ing acquainted with them. There can
witli the circumflex open, Ifîfe ; the 5th be no doubt made hereof when we con-
with the circumflex cios'd with a point (ider, that the fathers miinoners, who
over it, to Prepare ; the 6th with the go into China with only two years ap- ' '1 . . ,A
circumflex charg'd and an alpiration, an plication, preach, hear confcflions, and

eld IVoman the 7 th with the plain ac-
•, write in that language as if it were na-
cent and an alpiration, to Break ; the tural to them •, tho' they go into tholi;
8th with a flat accent and afpiration, fig- parts well advanced in years 1 which is
nifics, Baw'di the qth with the acute,
accent and afpiration, fignifics, Ne^r
the n they have writ and printed
real
abundanv.? of books, which are admir'd
'H "
'fr:.V
the loth with the open circumflex and and valu'u by the Cbinefe themfelves.
afpiration, to ft^tiler \ the nth with a If thole who are belt and moll ready Wit of the
dole circumflex, with a point over it and at invention, have a more lofty wit^-*"";'''-
an afpiration, a Slave. By this example than others, the Cbiiirfe are doubtlefs to
it may be eafily concciv'd how the Cbi- be j)referr'd before other na' ons, be-
iiefe language can be expreflive, copious, caufe they have been the firll inventors
and eloquent, with fo fmall a number of writing, of paper, o\ printing, of
of monafyllables ; for as we, by the dif- gun-powder, of line purcellanc, and of
ferent putting together of letters from feveral other things. If they want fe-
fuch an infinite number of words fo •, veral fciences it is for want of commu-

they joyning, feparating, and giving l"e- nication with other people -, and yet they
veral accents to their monafyllabks, ex- are confummate in moral philofophy,
prefs themfelves as plainly and gracefully to which they apply themfelves very ear-
as any other language that is more in nefUy and by the fliarpncls of their
;
elleem. The fame eale they have in ex- wits eafily come to underlland the books
plaining their thoughts in writing, by tiic writ by the milfioncrs, upon nice and
variety of accents ; they find in pro- dirticult queftions in mathcmaticks, phi-
nouncing of words feveral ways like a •,
lol()phy and divinity.
mulkian who, by long pradtice, calily VVhat kingdom is there in the world Tiicir
knows at firft fight, and exprefles the fe- fo full of univerfities as China (' There '""""S-
veral notes he is to found with the voice. are certainly above ten thouland licen-
Yet itnot true that the Cbtnefe fing
is tiates, whereof fix or feven thoufand meet
when they talk, as fomc have imagin'd ; every three years at Peking, where, after
nor that tiiey carry a taljlct hanging fevere examination, three hundred fixty
about their neck, on which they write five are admitted to the degree of dock. rs.
their meaning, when they perceive they I believe there are not fo many ftudenrs
are not underllood ; and that they can- in any kingdom, as there are batchelors
not whifper, as fome people fancy, think- in china, for they are counted above
ing the tones and accents cannot be ex- ninety thoufand ; nor that there is any
prefs'd without raifing the voice. country where the knowledge of letters
The Chiiieji language, in the opinion is fo univerlal and common for efpeci- •,
of tiie millioncrs, is the eaficfl of all ally in the Ibuthcrn provinces there is not
thofe in the call i for if the memory be a man rich or poor, citizen or pealimt •,
the mod neceflary faculty for learning but can at Icall write and read. In Ihort,
of a langu.ige, that mufl be the eafieft: it is certain that no part, except Europe,
which has feweft words, for it is always has pubiifli'd fb many books.
eafier to remember a few than a great The Chineje chronicles arc as antient asAntlqui;;
many. Now the Chiiiefe language is com- the flood, beginning but two hundred
pos'd of only three hundred and twenty years after and have been coiuinu'd to
it ;
monafyllables, whereas the Latin and this time by feveral authors 1 by which it
Greek, have an infinite number of words, is eafy to judge what a number of volumes
of feveral tenles, moods and pcrlons -,

they make, 'i iiey have abundance ofBoot..
and therefore the Chinefe mufl lie eafie. books of moral philofophy, wliich treat
Add to this, thai it requires remeinbring of nature, its properties, and accidents,
nothing but the accents, which are as it feveral otiiers of the mathematicks, and
were '.lit form, diltingiiifhing the fignilka- concerning the art of war ; mod inge-
nious
;
34.<5 A Voyage round the PForUL Book IJ.
romances, and books

GBMf.1.1.1 niouiiiml ilelightful Barioli adds, Th.u their
m great cure
<&<)<' of knight-crr.mtry, like Amadn, Or- fatting, keeping the patient levtn, tour-
<-»*V^^ /(/«(/", anil D. fîixotf, infinite volumes teen, and even to twenty ilays without
of hiftory, and examples of the obe- giving him the leall inorlel ot fullcn.ince,
dience of children towards their parents, but as much water as he would drink,
and of the fidelity of i'ubjeds towards and two, three, or four times, the juice
their king; of husbandry, of fine fpee of (Tears. I fancy if father Barieti li;ul
ches, of delightful poems, of tragedies, been lb fifteil but fix ilays, he had not
of comedies, and upon infinite other been able to publilh fo many choice
too tedious to relate.
rutijci^h The moil works -, and the Cbinefe are Hefli and
wondertul thing is to lee with what eafc blooil as we are, and of a much tenderer
they compole them, which is fuch, that rorftitution. It is alio to be oblervM,
there is fcarcc any doctor or licentiate that the Cbinefe phyficians at the fame
rhyfuk. bnt publifhes one or two works. They time play the apothecaries 1 and wherever
alio exert their wit in phyfick, where- they go, their lervant carries their drugs
of they have writ excellent treatifes. after tiiem. If they are not call'd a ic-
True it is, they pretend to difcover much cond time, they never return; for the
by the pulfe, as to know the dillemper, patient is free to make ufe of any other
and apply tlie proper remedies ; but I without afiVonting them. TlKy are paid
cannot iie pcrlwailed it is fo much as fa- for the medicine, not for the vifit, and
ther Diniii! Bai'.oli inagnifies it in his therefore to fatisfy their covetous difpofi-
Sec y.i- hiltory of Cbiitr, Part ^, Pdg. 62 Of ^? v tion they never omit to purge, tho' there
,jn,:',: where he iiiys that the Cbinefe phyfi- be no occafion for it applying ftones, •,
ci ins never alk the patient any quelbons feeds, roots, herbs, leaves, bark, and
of liis prelent condition, nor how it has other fimples, whereof they get the
been with him fince he fell fick, which knowlalgc in books, where they are
they would look upon as betraying their drawn, and their virtues defcrib'd. In
ignorance but taking the fick perfon
•, this particular they follow the aphorifms
afide, they feel his pulic with great at- of an anticnt emperor of theire, who
tention for about half an hour ; and by was an excellent botanilt, and phyfician,
the diverfity of its irregular motions, his name Jenti. Scarce any oi them
which they nicely difcern, they difcover, lets blooil in the mod fcorching (evcrs.
conceive and declare all that has hap- Such is the art of the wile phyficians of
\-)M s pen'd to the patient till then day by day,

and foretel what will befal him where- ;
China but the mad ones are much
\
more numerous, and a thoufand times

in, as the father fays, they fir out-do more in requt ft. Thefc boall of a won-
our phyficians of Europe: I'his indeed deriul they have, to make oil
fecret
is a notable way of pradifing phyfick, people young at any age whatfoever i
and not human, but prophetick, and others to make them immortal, and lo
divine. In Europe there are fchools where they go about felling their antiilote
phyfick is taught, but in China there is againfl death. It is not only the fimplc
none and if a fon having learn'd it of

-, ignorant people that are catch'd in thii
his father, finds not his account in it, he foolilh trap, but the wifeft and moil: karn-
leaves it, and takes to a more profitable ed ; who placing all their happincfs in this
trade, for the Cbincfc are expert at eve- world, purchafe that precious liquor ai .
ry thing. What I can affirm for a cer- valt expcnce, which they hope will make
tainty is. That tiicfe phyficians, as much them immortal, and tho* often deccivM,
better than ours as tliey are, Ihun with yet they nrver fail to be enfnar'd again,
.ill polfible diligence the taking charge of infomuch, that to a"oid death, they dt-
the cure of Mandarines, and great lortis ftroy themfelves in the prime of their age,
i:|iiiiit for if any one dies under tiieir hands, the Among the reft the Chinefe have fivcBirb
kindred beat him to death ; and the ex- books, Ukim, or the five wri-fltra
call'd
perience they have of their skill makes tings, held in as great veneration among
them rather put themfelves into the hands them, as the holy fcripture is among
of an European furgeon, than of the bed us. The firft of them is call'd Xun-Xm,VKif'
of them. As a proof hereof, I faw a fur- that is, the chronicle of the five antiendi ; :r
geon of Macao, whiift I was at Canloti, kings ; the three laft whereof were he-ails'""'
going up to court into the emperor's of three ^
it'veral families, that reign'd two'"'*'

own fervice, having been employ 'd by thoufand years, almoft double the time
him before, and being gone then with of the nineteen following families, in-
his fee his wife ; and if the
leave to cluding that oi the Tartars now reign-
Chinefe were fuch prophets, and Efcu- ing, i'he firft of tliel'e emperors name
fapiui\ 1 do not think the emperor him- was 2'ao, who according to their hillo-
k\f would fcek after Europeans. Father ries began his reign 4057 years ago, or
,
J^ II. ICIIAP. IX. 0/ C H I N A. 3+»

i;oo years after llic ilooil, accon.lin(; t(» conraniM wiiliin the proMncc of Xaiituiig)Gttini>
ihf rhronology ot ilie Stf/ii,igint. '1 liis
and dying, left him governor ot the cm- "">^'
prince ;iikI law River, [xra-iving
Chiiiefc pire, iluring his fon's minority. To h'm'-''^''^^
fli.it liis Ion was not iliily qualify'il to the Cbmeje alfign the dilcovery or in-
govern (for as the Chiuffc tell us, vir- vention of the load -Hone, or compals,
tue was then rcgariied above any thing) two thouland feven hundred years Imce,
he ihole tor iiis companion, a rubjeft which afterwards ihe emiicror his nephew
wiiole name was Xiiii, whom at his ilcatli m.ide known to the ambalVadors ot Co-
he iletlar'cl emjXTor, leaving him liis cbimhina, who brought the tribute, that
tv'o liaughiers for wives. by the help of it they might return
Xiin, the lecoiul emperor, is hinhly home the llrait way, without being put
corimtnileii in the aforclaiti book for his to the trouble of (etching a compals as
virt.ic, and particularly for his obedience they did when they came, fhc hillory
to his father, and love to his brother. of ihele five emperors, look'd upon as
Til, the third emperor, having lerv'd holy men by the Cbineje, efpecially the
his predecellbr Xtin faitlitully, was by four lirll, and of their dclcendcnts, is
him at his death decl.ir'd his I'ucceflbr, the fulijeft ot the tirll book , which has
not regarding his own Ion, who was as much reputation among them, as the
not lo fit to govern. This man during book of kings in the bible among us.
his predecellbr's reign employM hiuilill Its llile is antient, but polite and ele-
in the waters of the Hood,
draining gant. There vice is run down, and vir-
which then cover'd part of the plains of tue; cxtollM and tin; actions ot the em-
1
China; wiiicii the CbinrJ? callM Xmii- perors and their (uhjecfs impaitially re-
Xui, that is, great deluge of waters. lated.
The fucceeding emperors, rul'il by right The fecond book is call'd Liki, that The 2d
ot inheritance, not of elcdion, till the is, the book of rites, or ritual, and con-''""'' »
emperor Kit', a cruel man, and laft ot tains moll of the laws, culloms, and cc-"""'"
this royal family.
firll remonies of the empire. The chief au-
The fourth emperor was Cljim-Tiim, thor of it was the emperor Vti-Vam's
fprung from the fecond family. ) le brother, before mention'd, whofe name
rnok uj) arms agaiiifl the emperor Kii\ was Cbeu -cum ; it alio contains the works
and poircfs'il himlelf of the empire. In of feveral other authors, difcipies to
his time there was a dearth of leven Confuciui, and of other modern com-
years, during which time no fnow, nor mentators.
rain fell, the fprings, and riv'j;s were The third book Xt-Kim, thatThc 3d
is call'd
almoll dry'd up, the earth became bar- is, book of romances, and po-l"^'^^ "'
verles,
ren, and li) ot confequencc there follow'd ems diviiied into five l()rts, one to bef""^'" '
famine and plague. In this diflrels the lung in honour of famous men, with a
emperor quitting his palace and royal fort of verfes repeated at oblequic?, fa-
robes, clad himlelf in ikins, and pro- crifices, and ceremonies jierform'd by
Itrating himfelf on a hill call'd Samlim, the Chinefi, in honour of their ance-
offering up this prayer to heaven. Lottl, flors. The (econd of romances, which
if ti.'s Poopie have offended tbe<\ Piimlh were recited before the emperor and his
rhcin not, bd'aiij? ll'i-\i Lave dtne it icilboiil miniflers ; invented to defcribe the cu- ^.imu
htovsing u.-hat they did ; rather Punilh vie, tloms of the people ; the manner ot the
xbo here ojf'er nty fe'.f tip as a I'ir/im, to government, and all the affairs of the
iiftr all your Divide JuJUee Jl.uul think fit. empire; as in the Greek lys the faults 1 1
Set focner had he done fpeaking thefe of private perfons, and ot the publick
rordi. but on a fudilen the Wy was co- were remov'd. The third was call'd the ii ^
, ..
ver'd with clouds, which pour'd liown fo way of fimilc, becaule all it contain'd i^': m.
niuc'i rain, is lufficed to water all tlic was cxprefs'd by comparifon, and limi-
liiids of thr empire, and caufe all forts litudes. The fourth fort was call'd lofty,
ot fruit to grow in a fliort time. The becaule in a more elevated flilc it gave
line of that emperor Chim-Tam roignM information in Ic eral matters, to de-
ibovc fix hundred ye ir;;, till the emperor light the underflamlig, and gain atten-
Lljeu, who was cruel like Kw. When the tion to what follow'd. The fifth is call'd,
Cbinei'e call a man a Kie, or a Chcii, ic rcjeded poems, bccaufe Conflict u^ having
is as if amon;.^ us we fliould call him a perus'd the book, rejected Ibme he did
Ne)o, or a Domitian. not approve of.
emperor was Cii-ram, who
I'he fifth book was compos'd by The 4:11
I'hc fourth
overthrew Cbeu in battle, and poflols'd Confucius,and contains the iiillory of theb"ok oi
himfelf of the empire, lie having a kingdom of Lu, his native country, for'"'^"^''"
wife and virtuous l)rother, made him which rcafon the Cbine-e hold it In great
king of the kiiigdum of L'l ât prelcnt elleem. lie writ this hillory of two Imn •
V')j. IV. Sfff died

'•A
I
?!
vm^
/I Voyage round the IForUl ^"^"^ uf .rjuvp ]
OiMBiLi dred years, in the ivituro o( annals where

; The wit of the Cbinffi' is no leliM,,
ib<)b.
|,g rc|>rffents to tlie lile the adions ol wonderful and fublime in mcclunick ' ii
'-''"^'^^ virtuous and wickcil princes, accordinjj; arts, than it in in Iciences and the -,
to the time and jilaces where they hap- more, lx:caule what tluy know they owe
pened i and thcretbre he calls it C/jun- to none but themlelven, having alw,iy:>
ibh-u, that is, Iprin^ and autumn. kept themlelves at a dillance from uJI
llic sill I'he fifth book is call'd i'l kirn, and other nations, as if they were in a fc-
hndk of accountetl the antientcll of them all p.irate world. This has hapjwn'd,
is 1 be-
Miurals
for Chtmft (iiy Fo-hi tlwir lirll kin^
tlie caulc by moll antient laws they arc lor-
was the author of it. 'i'ho book very hid having any communication with
well dclervcs to be read and v ilu'd, for llrangcrs, or going abroad to travel,
the excellent fcntcnces and moral precefits nor to admit foreigners among them •,
it contains and the Cbincje have a pecu-

•, and for tiiis realign there is no iluubi
liar veneration for it, believing it tlie tliey want tiie knowleilge of feveral ul'e
moll learned, the proloumicfl, and moil ful things, which is gain'il by the com-
niylleriouj in the world-, for which rea- merce of one nation with another. Yet
lon, they think it impoHible to underftatui it cannot be ileny'd to be more honou-
it thoroughly, and thiretore improper rablc to be beholding to themfelvcs a-
lor If rangers to fee or touch it. lone for the invention of little lelij than
' |-itnmc They luve one book more of eciu.il all curious arts, which are to be found
ol ihofe
ii::! I
authority with theic others, wiiich they in any other |X)litc nation. It plainly
I'ooli.
call i"«-.v«, that is, the four books, as appears how fharp-witted the Cbinefe
being above all others. Thei': arc an are, and how much they cxccal the tu-
extr.icl, or epitome of the other five •, lopeatit in ingenuity, in that the latter,
anil thence the Mundarines take the fcn- as Ibmc authors will have it, Icaru'd
tcncfs, they give as a theme to
wiiich of them the art of printing, of makin(>
l-tif/iil the learned, who

are cxamin'd in order pajxT, of uling the load-ltonc, of call-
to take degrees
the of batchelors, liing cannon, aiul nuking powder for it.
:<ii
centiates, and dodors. It is divided in- To return to their meth.inicks, they arc
to tour parts i the firlt treats of the moll excellent workmen at engraving
laws and tlie dodlrine of the men re- on precious flones or crillal, or m
nowned for wifdom and virtue. The cutting them in relief; and at otiur
''"' Iccond of the golden mean. The third works of admirable curiolity. They a!
**itir'.i'^'*
contains a great number of moral iirn fo make watches, hiving found out tlit
tenccs, well cxprei's'd, folid and pro.lt.i- art i)y lecing ours -, and moll exad Ijic-
ble for all members of the flate ; wiiich ttacles for all ages. As for tlie matter
three parts arc the works of ConJ/uiiii, they make them of, they had an oKl in-
the firfl Chiticfc dodor, publifh'd by his vention to make a lort of giafii of rice,
difciples. The fourth part which in bulk tlio' not fo clear as ours, and mon; brit-
is equal to the other three, was writ by tle. True it is, that a mem price L^-int;
the philofoulicr Memcu, who was born no way agreeable to curious workinan-
an hundred years after Confucius ; and fli![) ; all the ftudy of the Cbinefe is to
is cftecm'd by the Cbinefe as a dodor make their work look fine, liccaiile the
of tlie fecond rank. I'his is a very buyers are very fparing in their exjiences;
eloquent, and ingenious work, full of but if the reward were fuitablc to the
weighty moral fentcnccs. All the mifli- labour, they would do wonders. There
oners in China itudy the letters and lan- are none like the.n for deanfing and
guage in this volume ; from which and whitening wax, as well the coinnion
the five abovemention'd are deriv'd, as bees-wax, as another fort peculiar to
from their fource, fo many books and them, which is gather'd from certain
comments of feveral antient and modern worms u{X)n the trees ; and another
authors, that their number is almoft whicii diips from the body, or is IqucczM
infinite ; which is a great .irgumenc of from the fruit of certain plants, but this
the extraordinary wit, induftry, and is not lb fine as tljc otiiers. 'J'he very
eloquence of the Cbinefe nation, whicli butchers (hew their dexterity 1 for when
from the meanell condition raifes it felf they kill hogs, they artificially force a
to the greateft dignities in the empire great deal of water into all parts ol the
by dint of ingenuity .-ind learning, try'd carcale through the veins of the led,
by fevere and repeated examinations, that tlity may weigh the more.
\o rigoroufly contriv'd, that there no is Tliey weave excellent lluti's of pa-
place left for favour, lb that no man's per, filk, and gold, plain, or wrought,
affeclion can raife one that is undeferv- like fiira-net, taffety, lattin, and vel-
ing, nor hatred deprcfs, or call down vet ; and in the figur'd, the birds, bcafts
the worthy. flowers, or what clfe they pleali; is lb
artiliei.1l
^11 A P. IX. 0/ C H [ N A. 343
'•J
'
tint looks like irnhrDiilfry, other iiublick llruiflurrsi or thofc con- Gum
artificial
thu' be but pl.tiii wr:ivin^.

it
it
I'iic woill lecratcil to lomc idol, ai the two lii *<•')''

ii
M ;
.t\
is tliey have no goo<l drau^'Jit), aiul thrir much celebrated uliich are on the (idcO^'"Vj
fieiires are ail liinc. Tiny know not ol the temple ol the idol ie : I'hcy arc
how to paint in oil, but only with a liirt (crtainly wondntul for the lineneii of
cl varnilh they have j nor can tin y ilia the marl)le they arc made of; for the
ilow rc'inilarly, becaulc thfy do not take equal beamy and majelly art ban con-
a (citli'd li(.',lit, ami arcordin^' to it dil len'd on them i and for their incredible
i)olf thfir darker or i)rif5littr colours as height, each of them being an hundretl
ijicyoutîit (n do V nor can they tdl how twenty fix [icarchci \\\%\\. Hut thole arc
lu lcni|HT and mix coloiir'i. Uiit they llupendious beyond all that can be cx-
work to a jirodigy in rarvin^^, even upon prels'd, which are built l»y any city,
the iiardcll llonc, niakin|^ mod ilclii.ati' u|)on a vain opinion, that they will |)re-
works cut throu^'li, as liowcrs with all lerve them from all dilallers, and make
tlirir jxirtirct leaves dillinct, and chains them at happy as may be, (b they be
all ol one piece of inarl)le,with every (eatcd, and lx;gun to be built in a for AM:
link loole, wrou;',lit by dint ot incredi- tunate place, anil moment ot tune ; ac
ble patience, ami other fuch like cxtra- cording to the apixiintment of their di
vaânciei. They alio underllantl cait- viners who protels this art.
inp, even ol (tatiics like {giants, where- 'I'Ue Chinrfu mulical inllruments whol-Muiio',.
with they chieliy adorn their temples •,
ly dilter from ours as well in their lliape,
l)'ji tlio' they are beautiful for the {ôid as the manner of i>laying on them. And
they arc adornM with, they arc very not to Ijieak of tlioli- made of Itone,
niilhipen. 'I'liere are twelve of thele brals, and of (kins rxtcmled alter le\e- I
t
in the province ol llondii, which lUII ral manners; they have Ibme of one on-
fland upright on their ix-dellais, after ly llring, of three, and ot It-ven, which
iSoo years lincc tiiey were let up. They are their lutes, anil violins ; and an-
raft iron, and make many more ufes ot other inoll antient fort, partly like our
it than we do and tho* the great guns
•, harp ; but their llrings are not fmall
they call be rough, antl irrci;ular, yet guts, nor of metal, but of raw lilk
tliey ilclervc coniniendaiion lor havin^', twilteil. In their lets iiol)le fort of wind-
invented them, and jiowder ; with wliich nuilitk it may be
they have tome laid
they make moll admirable fire-works ; exrellenry •,
be any excel-
ii there cm
and tlie quantity they conlumc after this lency in a fort ot nuilick, which has not
nianni r is !(> great, iliat lather M,itibciv v.iriety ot tones, nor keeps any rule ot
Kirij judgM what he law I'ptnt in one of lime, or notes; nor knows any rules ol
die two greateil cities at the feall f)t the concord, .md harmony, or the difterencc
s of rice,
nfw-year, would have fcrv'il to have of treble, ait, tenor, bale, and other va-
iiioro brit-
maincain'd m
in war three years which -, rieties which compofe the ilelight of mu~
jricc Lîni;
being celebrated in all [lart; with
f'catl fick. So tliat Ibmctiincs an hundred mu-
yrorkman-
equal joy and lolcmnity, w-e mull own, ficians arc heaid keeping the very lame,
ni-j'e is to
that wivit he law was but the leall part tone, and never parting from the lame
Iv^cdulc the
ot the vafl quantity burnt throughout note. Among their mufical inflrumcnts
•xixrnccs
all the kingdom. there is one made of a pietc of wood,
blc to the
with nine thin pl.itcs ot metal hanging
As concerning the Cviiirfi arclutcdlure,
'I'lierc
ftorr, ..1 ,lit is regular, and has certain rule and to it, on whidi they play with a little
infiiif^ ami hammer very plealantly.
•
method ; as apiK-us by theii antieiit
common books ol t^cir excellent mailers now ex- The art of navigation is one of thcNmg.iti^
let-uliar lu greateil honours of the Cbinefc nation. '>»•
rint, and miieii more in the llrudures
m certain
to be Icen i To great and bcautilul that 'I'hey invented the fea needle, or com-
another
thry may more tiian vie with thole fo pafs (for in Chiiid in the iron mines is the
Iqucez'il
is
much Romvi buildings
cclebr.ited antient heft load-Uonc in the world) and by the
,
but thin
belides that the number is ev. ry where help of it their kings cooquer'd dillant
J'l>e very
incomparably greater. As ,»r arch'd i iflands in that archipelago as Hill ap- ; r
•»
for when over great
royal rivers, pears by the memory there icinaining of
I.
bridges ai. '
lly lorce i the Chiiirfi domination.

arms ot" the lea, they arc llupendious,
arts ot the
either tor the matter or workmar ihip. 'I'hey write like the IIA'rr.ci from t'lcWiitinj;
Itet,
tliL-
One of the great works ot the Chuiefe right hand to the left, and the lines do
is the towers, whether thole that are not go a-crofs, but from the top of the
of pa-
ii defign'd to eternize tiie memory of Ibine leaf to the bottom. Their paper is ex
wroughr, accounted hero's among them for trcamly thin, and yet tliey write with
mcr\
and vcl- tlicir excellency in learning, or loldiery, the whole fill, after a manner, very un-
rds, beads or thole that are only for ornament to handy to us, but cafy to tlicm that arc
lb
Icale IS
the cities, roy d-palaccs, bridges, and Ub'd to it. The ink they ulc h not li-
arti!ii.ijl
quid,
'
3H ^ Kcjrfg^ ro««^ //.'<? World. Book II. i Chap.

CEMELLiquid, b'jt lamp-black made into a pafte Ibmetimes to print with
It is alfo us'd
1696. with gi.m-water, whichthcydryincak.es ftone, but the method is quite contrary
<-"^'^-'as lorg as a man's finger. When they to the other, for the charaders are cut.
woulc write they rub it on a hard rtone, in, and the fuperficies of tiie ftone re
-i!
whid, is their ink-horn, with a few drops mains above them, and therefore the ink
of water, more or lefs, as they have oc- being laid upon the ftone when it runs
calicn, and then ufe it with a fine [jenc:!. tiirough the prefs, the paper remain-,
Printing. 1 hey lio not print like us but in ftone black, and the charaders white bu; -,
or wood, as follows. The compofition they muft be pretty large, otherwik'

being writ out in excellent fair chara- they would be confus'd. Thus the print-
<5lers, which they value themfelves upon, ing of China is unlike to, and worfe tliais
the paper which is extraordinary thin ours ; for their letters maile of fo many
and tranfparent, is parted on a board of dafhes, knots, and crooked lines tan-
pear-tree, or apple-tree, as fmooth as not be exprcfs'd in fo finall a figure as
polTible may be ; with the writing next ours, who have fome fo fmall, that a
the board, that when printed the letters great work may be brought into a fm.i.l!
may come right again. Then the cha- volume. As for the paper, thev out-
racters are cut with a fmall tool or pen- do us in largenefs of fheet«, 1 havin"
knife, fo that their lines may rife, and fcen iorre a: big as lor beds, and
fh^-ets
^y tlie wood about them be lower than ail taroiighoi". -of ..•; equal finenefs ; but
they as among us the cuts are made on
; they ar'.' not of equal whitenefs ; befides,
wood for printing. Nor does this re- that tl'cy are of ib little fubftance, and lb
quire great labour, or much time, but thin, tiiat tiicy ure not printed on both
it is done much fooner than our printers fidei, becaufe the tharadlcrs appear quit>.
can compofe and correft. The price of through. Some is made of filk another -,
cutting is fo fmall, that volumes are fort of coiten fteepM, and rtduc'd tu x
printed for a fmall matter. After print- pafte ; another of the pith of certain
ing, the boards arc return'd to r!ie au- canes, and of other trees, but they arc
thor, bccaule they arc his, and he pays not lafling.
the tutting of them.
C fl A P. X.
^;^:-
Of the great Induflry and Navigation of the Chiiicfc.
Injjftrv, THE magnificence and great num-

ber of publick llruCtures in China
them. Their invention"; for carrying of
burdens, arc alfo remarkable, for thty
is not only the elVedt of a vaft cx)ente, do not carry by ftrcngth of arm, or
but of tiieir extraordinary induflry. on their backs, as is us'd among us;
Tiiusthey perform all ibrts of mcch.mick but faften burden with cords, or
the
works with fewer inftruments, and more hooks in two bafkcts, which thty after-
cafe than wc do. They have an admi- wards hang at the ends of a piece of
rable invention to buy and fell, and find wood made ilnooth and fit for the pur-
a way to live: And as throughout the pole, they lay over their backs lil<i.' ,1
whole empire there is not a foot of lanil pair of fcalcs to ballance, and Ib c.i:-
that lies wafte (b neither is there any
•,
ry with much fiA(t. This is no other
man or woman, old or young, halt, than as a common yoke us'tl among us
lame, deaf or blind tiiat has not fome to carry buckets.
emyloymcnt to get bread. Therefore In every city of the empire there x'c ^ „
it is become a general proverb, Chum- two towers, the one call'd of the druni.c; .
quc-z-tt-y-vo, that is, in the empire of and the other of the bell, which fcrvcnigfi^
Coina there is nothing loft ; and fo it is, "'>
for the centinels to ftrike the hours in';
''"
for tho' a thing feem never ib vile ami the ni<;ht. The C/ji/;<y divide the night"'
ufelels, it ferves for fbmething, and yields into five parts, cither greater, or fmaller,
a profit, l-'or inftance, in the city of as they arc longer, or fliorter. At night-
Peking there are above ten thoufand fa- fall the centincl gives feveral ftrokcs
milies, who have no other trade 10 live upon the drum, and the bell anfwers,
on but ftlling of matches to light tiie after the fime manner: Then during
lire, as many more that fubfill upon the firll divilion, the one ccntinti Ihikcs
gatliering all ibrts of rags in the ftrcets .1 llngle the drum, ami the
ftrokc on
and walks, and bits of paper, and the other anfwers with one on the liell after -,
like, which they afterwards w.illi and fell about a minute they both ftrike again
ro otlisrs, who make K-vc.mI u!es of on the drum and bell, and fo continue
i'.'l
jj
Bchap. X. Of CHINA. 3+5 mm
the ftcoiui part of tlic night begins.
till
ty, or village, eljjcci.illy in tiie fout'KrnOiMFi.i.i
Then they l)egin to give two flrokes, pioviiiccij but enjoys the conveniency 'JQ'J-
and fo ho''' o" f'" '''^ ^'i'"-'
P'^''' '
'" '" of fome river, lake, canal, or arm of'-^'^^^'
the third tliey give tlirec, in tiie fourth the i'u that is navigable ; fo th.it there
four, and in the fiftli live. At break of are no fewer people on the water, than
day they redouble their llrokes, as they on the land. It is no lefs pleafant than
did at niglir-fall. Thus wlienfoever a wontlerhil to lee wherever there is a ci-
man wakes, in any pan ot tiic city, ty on another of boats is on
the land,
he hears tiie fign (provided tiie wiml the water. When veflels fet out early
does not hinder) and knows what a clock in the morning, or come in late at nigl.t,
it is. Within the king's palace in Pe- they pals for fome hours among multi-
//«(; there is a great drum in a tower, tudes of boat;, on both fides ot the ri-
and in anotiier a large bell of a plealant vers. Some of thele ports are fo much
and iiarmonious found, and in thole of frequented, that it takes up h.ilf a day
the city a great bell and a drum fifteen to get out a-crofs the boats ; and tlu-re-
cubits diameter. They have found out fore It be laid there are two em
may
])iies in China, one on the land, the o-
a nie'.hod to meafure the parts of the
night which well agrees with their won- iher on the water. J hele boats fcrvc
cleTful ingenuity. They make a fort of the owners inlle.id of houles, who arc
palte of of a certain lore of
the duft born and bred, and die in them, and
wood (the and rich men nf
learned there they drefs their meat, keep cats
landal, c.igle-wood, and others that are and dogs, ai.J breed fwine, hens, ducks,
odoriferous^ and of this parte they and gcile.
make fticks of feveral forts, drawing There are fevcnil forts of boats great Sort-, of
them thro igh a hole, that they may be and fmall, for the l-'-mperor, MarM-^"'^^^'
of an equal thicknefs. They commonly riHCi, merchants, and common fort. A-
make t''e,ii, one, two, or three yards mong the emperor's boats, thole they
long, about the thicknefs of a goofe call Cn-ilMien, ferve to carry Mandarinei
quill, to burn in the Pagoth before their to, and from their employments. They
klols, or to ufe like a match to convey arc built like our caravels i but fo lofty,
fire from one thing to another. Thele and lb curioufly painted, efpeciaily the
Hicks or loix's they coil, beginning c.ibbinwhere the M^Duliruw li-.-s, that
at the center and fo form a Ijiiral co- they look more like Ihiidures provided
nical figure, like a fifherman's wheel, for fome publick fulemnity, than com-
fo that the lall circle Ihall be one, two, mon boats. Thole they call l.iUvn-Chnn:,
or three fpans diameter, and will lall that is, boats appointed to carry all forts
one, two, or three days, or more, ac- of provifions Irom the provinces to the
cording as it is in thicknefs. There arc court, arc not fo large, and to the num-
of them in the temples that lafl ten, ber of 9999. The vanity of that na-
twenty, and thirty days. This thing is tion made them not .idd one more to make
hung lip by the center, and is light- up 1 0000, becaufe this number is writ
ed the lowiT end, whence the fire
at with only two Clinr;? letters, }\ and
gently and infenlibly runs round all the l',m, which have nothing that is great
coil, on which there are generally five and magnificent either in writing or
marks to dilliiiguifh the five ]5arts ol' the fpeaking, and therefore do not deferve
night. This method of meailiring îmc to be us'd to exprel's fo great a multitude
IS lb cxaifl and true, that they fcarce ever of boats, d'he third fort of the empe-
:1
find any confidcrable miftake in it. 'I'he ror's boats is call'd Lum-yChucn, that is,
learned, travellers, and all others, who boats that carry to 'court the emperor's
will rife at a certain hour to follow their garments, lilks, and brocades. There
there .TTj^, many
hufmefs, hang a little weight at the mark are as of thele, as d.iys in the yi'ar,
the drum,,' or three hundred and lixty
that Hiews the hour, they have a mind ^'\^'v, beciule
hich fervc^:
to rife at, which when the lire comes the emperor calling himielt
the Ion of
hours in':' things belonging to liim ge-
thither, drops into a brafs bafon fet under he.iven, all
tlie night names from heaven, the
If, and fo the noife of it tailing awakes nerally take their
n rm.ilicr,
ihem, as our alarum-docks do but -, fun, the moon, the planets, and liars.
At nighc-
with this difTerence, that their invention 'Thus I.uin V, fignilies, the dragon's gar-
llrokes ment, bci.uife the king's licvile conlllK
I
is more ealy, and one that will ill I,
.iiifwcrs,
iwcnty four hours does not cell above .i of dragons with five claws, and then -
II during grain of Nuf>/i'i coin, whereas our clocks fore his cloaths and
move.ibles mull of
ncl llriki's
are made of fever.il wheels, and fo dear, neteflity be adorn'd with dragon's ein-
and the
that only the rich can purchafe them. broi;ler'd, or p.iinted. In line, there are
.ifter other light
H-ll ,
\/..t.> Navi'j-ation is univerfd throughout all lio.its cill'd T.ain-Cbtitii^ whidi
ike ag.iiii
the empire for there is fcarce .uiy
•, arc Ion- aiul flender, and Icrvc the learn-
continue Vol. 1\-. 'T t t t cvl^
:y
346 j! Voyage round the World Book II.
I ^hap. I
OemfiucJ, 01' rid) men tlwt go to, or come fell them to good advantage. The length
ihQf)
from court. Witliin them is u f.iir cliam- and breatith of thefe floats is more or
'^'^•'''^ orgrcucnbbin, abed, a and
t.ibic, Icis according to the merchant's ability
bcr, ;
chairs, to flecp, cat, ftudy, write, and the longcit are half a SpMiijh league, ri-
V ' receive vifits, as conveniently as if they ling two or three foot above the water.
I
., ,f ill:. ;. .
•i'.
were at home. The mariners or water- They make them after this manner.
men keep in the head, and tiie owner They take as much timber as is requi-
iiiii of the boat with his wife and children

ill the flern, where lie drefles meat for
fite for their length and
boring it at both ends, run ropes m.idc
and height,
them that liire tiie boat. Tiiis lad fort, of canes through the holes, and to thcle
and others belong to private pcr-
il-veral they fallen other trees, letting the float
fons, and are almoft innumerable. run down the river, till it be of the
V\-,.\u. There is alio an incredible number of length they defign. 'J1ien four men fhnd
floats of all forts of wood, going up upon the end with oars and poles, who
and down the rivers and canals of Chi- fleer, and make it go as they think fit,
>i:i -,which if fliey were all put together, and others about the mitidlc to forwanl
would be enough to make another bridge and conducl it. Dpon them they build
like that of Xerxes. Sometimes they fiil wooi'en huts at equal diflanccs, covcr'd
fe\'eral hours, and now and then half a with mats or boards, which they fell all
day among thefe floats, which are fome- together, where they find chapmen
timcs made of canes ; bccaiife all forts They lie in thefe and keep their
huts,
of wood (ells well, and yields a good goods in them. After this manner a vull
jirofit. They go to cut timber in the quantity of wood is conveyM to Peking,
province of Siukueii, on the wellrrii iho' above {cvi:n hundretl
Portugue,c
frontiers of China, whence they convey leagues diflant from the mountains where
it to the bank of the river Kiaii, (by it is cut. By what ha been laid it will
the Cbinefe callM the fon of the lea, as be eafy to judge whether any country in
being the grcatelt in the empire) and the world out-ilocs the Cbuiej'e in num
joining them into floats, carry them to bcrs of teamen.
tl-vcr.il provinces with little charge, and
n
A Vny
) ;
'::
M'
'
Chap. I. .
34.7

h\
^':îm
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he faw in y^î
H^
CHINA.
,111
BOOK III.
C II A P. I.
Of the Nol'i/ity, Empire, Chilify, PrAitmcfi, and Ccrcmonia of the Chinefc.
F -.vc apply the word nobility to an of their enemies cruelty, whofeCEMEM,,

eiVec^t
r.'.ral.
ti.j il.itc, be taken in a ge-
.uid it fimilieswould otherwile have continu'd 1696,
I neral fenfe, as it denotes a gran-

deur and magnificence continu'd tor
great and noble as long as the empire (.<'~\.'^ J
it felf. However there (liU flouriflies a
many ages ; it is moll: certain there never family, which has not only prclc-rv'd its
was in the world a more glorious em- honour for above two and twenty ages,
pire than that of China \ (or it begin but is at prel'ent equally honour'd by the
r.oo years alter the Hood, and has hill- great men, and commonalty, fo that it
ed till this li.iy, (or the (pace of about may truly be accounted the antientell
4.".',i) years, iiut il we nic:an only no- fmiily in the world. It is the family
bility of men, it muft be ownM thf of the famous Confmius, who liv'd under
is but little, for the following rcai the third imperial family, call'd Chen,
All the great lords of Cbin.i, who are 551 years before the birth of Chriit,
like lo many dukes, marqucflcs, and which this year 1699, is 2250 years.
continue in that flaie no longer The ancient kings gave the race of iJ:
earls,
than the reigning family, and all perilh Confucius the title of i^w-Cft/zi, which h
with it ; bccaufe the family that rifes fbmcthing like a duke, or a count and ;
inllead of the other that falls, puts them they continue like ibvereigns, free (rom
.111 to death, as has been iiccn in our all taxes in the province of Xaiitung,
times I'or this reafon there was ne- and city of Kio-fcu, where he v,as born ;
ver any nobler family there than that of without having been 'ver molefted, tho'
('''v,Y, which continu'd 87.; years, and the empire antl reigning families have
. xpir'd 2Zoa years (ince ; no other fince been feveral times oppreis'd. The Chi-
'vifiiding to ;cn years. 'J'liis is to be nefe give this philoiophcr the moll ho-
"micrdood o( nobility acquir'd by the nourable titles of C//w-,.v, Cuin-fu-jti, .\nA
Uord 1 for that whicli is got by the Xitn-gin ; the two lirll lignity doctor,
t;own, was never ol any conliderablodii- and madcr ; the third, holy man. So
r.ition. I'or tho' a man flioiiid ri(e to be that when they fay tho faint, or holy
Xiim-Xii, which is the (ujireme dignity inan, it is to be underllood of Csnjiicius ;
of the Ibvereign courts at Peking ; or he being accounted among the Chiiit-fc 3.

Kij!:iOy that is, lirll; minirtcr, which is man of an extraordinary and heroick
the iiighcll pitch of honour and wealth prudence. This nation has fo great a ve-
:li.it (ortune can raile a Cniuji to ; yet neration for this philoiophcr, that tho*
ins ions and grandchildren will be cx- it does not hold him as one ot its gods
iraortlinary poor, and (orceil to be mer- (but rather looks upon it as an adroiit
chants, retailers, and mecr Icholars, as to have him repeated (li:h, yet it honours "If
their predecelfors were. In fliort, there him with more ceremonies than it does
IS no finiily of gown-men, that has con- the very idols giving him titles finco
;
tinu'd great as long as any ol the reign- his death, which he could never obtain
ing families. wliilll living i as, Sii-l',im, that is, king
XcvertlKlefs ili.it which is the com- without command, without fccpter, and
mon calamity ot the learned men, is without a crown 1 and procit)Lis (lone with-
aaioiiii the d'.l.!.ndi,:.ts ol l'worJi-nien out any lij,ht, to exprcls that he had .ill
If I
:^-^
!, .
-
3+8 A Voyage round the PForhl. Book 111, I Chap- J'
J FMEI.I.I the qualities belonging to a king, orcni- morals, and are lo tedious, that it is As fci
\b()0.
pjror, bf t that heaven was not favoar.i- hard to decide, whctlier the Chlri'-Q 'irc- lity, till
^^"v'VJ tjie CO him. monies are to be reckoned among .' •
c\rf'iui M."iy Volumes nii^^lit be fiil'd with tlic virtues, or vices ; for on the one hand,
nii-j. :in(.f' civilities and ceremonies.
' 'I'licy tiiey are certainly cxtraortlinar'- courte-
r.ave a booK wiiicb contains .ibove qooo ; ous and mannerly ; inlbmuch that their
and i: isft'onderiul to fetliowcx.icUy they country tieferves the title they giv.; u,
hbil-rvc them. At weddings, funerats, vi- of the genteel kingdom ; but on the
iilii lits, ami entertainments, the mailer of the

tho' he be a great lord, and ot
lioiill',
more eminent quality tliu.'. any of the

other lianti it mull be laid, that ceremo-
nies are like perfumes, which us'd with
moderation are comfortable and benefi-
guefts, yet gives the upper-hand to his ci.il, but in excels do harm and offend.
elders, tliefe give it to them tliat come They iiave lucli and fo many ceremo-
from far olf, and
of tliem to .trangcrs.
all nies, that every indifferent ai^'lion is at-
When an anih.illador comes, from the tended with as m.uiy as would ferveata
day he is .ulinitted as fuch, till he departs folemn ficrilice whence it is, that what
;
LL'b'.a, tile cnijicror turniflies him with all in it lelf is convenient, through the
ncLeiruies even to horfes, litters, ami
; exceffivc ufe of it becomes inconve-
boats. At court he lodges him in the nient.
royal houfe of entertainment, where eve- Their common manner of laluting one to
ry otiier day. he fends him from iiis own another when they meet, is to lift up!,'.,
kitchin, a treat ready drefl: ; for he glo- the arms bow'd, with the hands join'd,
lies much in entertaining ilrangers ho- from the breail tow.irds the forehead,
nourably. higher or lower, according to the de-
N.imcMi:.! No nation has fo many honoiiraiile gree ot rel'pec't they are to pay anti -,
'"•fi- nanies and titles, as the Cbmefe give one whilll they do this, they often repeat t:ie
another in their compliments. They word Zin. If

be of the perfon met,
have alfo a great number of names to ili- worth, this lifting aiitl letting fall the
flinguilh the fcveral degrees of kindred: arms, begins at leafl twenty paces from
for example, we have one we name grand- him, after which f()llows another greater
father and grandmother, to denote iioth aft of refpeft, which they call Z(,ji; and
the father and the mother's line, but they is bowing the bcnly profoundly, and
iiave lour fevcral titles. So we have no Handing with the feet 'ogeth;r, ami at
name but that of unkle, o fignify both the lame time lower the hai.ds joyii'd
our father and mother's brothers, and the together, as at tirll, witliin the llcevcs,
Cbinefe have names to dillinguilh every bending the forehead as ne.ir a; m.iy
fort. They alii) outdo all other countries be to the ground. Nor do they per-
in their care of making a good apjiear- form this I'acing one another, but firi.-
ance, for there is no man fo poor, but is by fule, and looking towaids thiC nor,';,
C j.iili.;. decently and neatly clad. At the new year it they are in the ifreet and open aii,
they are all trim'd up, and in new cloaths, and if in the houle facaig the front (::
fo that there is not one, tho' never !(> the room, for they are uluallv lo buil:,
poor that can offend the eye. Their mo- that the vloor may be to the fouth.
deify no lefs to be admir'd. T'lelcarn-
is T'';- 1 i)!,i; do out of the mo-
vc they
Muiicilv
"^'l always fo com[)os'il, that th> think
^''^ del;. ' thev ami that ir may no:
. left 1
it a lin to make the leafl motion, wnich loot, ..s ,t the one rcceivM that halt
IS not agreeable to the rules of decency adoration from the other as it they •,
and civility. I'lie women are fo balhful, ought to pay it out of civility, but not
modell, and referv'd, that thele virtues receive ir as unworthy but whatever
-,
feern to be born with them. They live in the reafon is, the matter of faft is m
perpetu.il retiretinels ; never uncover their mention'd. It learnetl men who are in
hands ; and if they are oblig'd to give employments meet, as they go either a
any thing to their brotliers, or kindreii, hork'back, or carry'd by four
in chairs,
ihey hokl it with th.°ir hand cover'd with or more men, the inferior alights and
the fleeve (which for this pur|iotc is fong begins to give, and receive the ufual com-
and wide) and lay it on the table that the pliments. 'I'he Chinch: never t.ike olfthcir
kinfman may take it up. caps, tor it is look'd tipon as indeecii:
^^. _, ., 'i"ht' Chir-jc reduce all their breeding for a man to .ippear before any one Iwte-
" to five heads •, that is, the manner of beheailed ; and i/ieretore with great reafon
naviour between the king .md his fub- the pojics, to coin[)ly in liiiiie meaKiie
n'vis ; ['ecveen the father and fbn, the ciidom, have difpeui'd with our
witli their
husband and wife, tiic elder brother and prieds, to (h'brate mats, and adiiimilUr
(
tlv y-'unger, and trir-nd andfri^ntl. Thefc the liuraiiieiHs in (J.i/ia. with t!ie i.e.ul
n\V: ; ike up a confuk'rable t»art of their decently covei'd "1 with tile d
V \'oi. IV
.
Cii\P' -T- 0/CHl M A. 34-P

As for viut' .unon^ j-^Tlons ol qua- if 'iic diliourle luilds any ronn.ii'r.ib.'cCiHMnn
they riik" none, without leinling lime, the brought in a lecond, and ''^"S'''
lity,
:\ Iheo't * -'.i paper, a fp.in and a lialt' a third time.
'/i,-,; is
I'he third fifnilic

-
niini'ij
—
z'sT^)
lono', on which they write in courti-oiis the comp 'ny, he would be look'd
{o that
terms that they are going to make tiic upon, a., unmai lerly, wiio fliouUi not
vilitfwithout which none would be ad- be go.ic wf.cn he had drank ; and as w.ll
mitted) without omitting any thing of this, as any other thing they bring in,
the ulual ccri'iiKJiiics, as well in the I'ub- mull be taken with both h.inds, for it
fcriprioii, as at the ton, according to would be countal incivility to ufe but
the condition and quality of the pcr- on''. Then there arc fo many ceremo-
lon be vilited.
to fervant carries A nies, n-peatetl bows, and counterfeit
this paper before, and if the perfon to grim.ices, as if they were really in earn-
be vilited is not, or will nit be at home, ell, in condui-îng them bacic to the
it is left with any of his domcfticks, door ; that the fortifying tnemfelves
and tluis the vifit is f''.'dy paid. Some- bciore-hand with Tea, feems to be ra-
times when theynot be at home, will ther of necefTity,
than a ineer aft of
they hang a little tablet at the door, on civility. But the
flrefs of the compli-
wliich it is written, tiiat the mafter of ment mailer of the houle's

lies in tlie
the hnufe is wiilvlrr'wn to iludy, or to endeavouring to pcrfwade the vilitor, by

his plealLie-houle •, whijh is as much arguments and prayers, to mount his
as to fay, that he will rot be troubled horfe before liim ;and in tlie vilitoi s
with vifits. This cuftom of fixing fome profiling the world fliall be turn'd
writing over, or about the door, is i()|)ly turvy, before he will do fich a
molt us'd by the learned, as one of ihing; an^l in this he perlifts, and la-
their commendable culloms, being at bours he has got the better

(ill for the ;
the lame time a declaration of the per- inalli rof the houfe .it lall, after many
fon that lives there. Wlici they have bows, which are all anfiver'd, hid-.-s
admitted the vifit of a llranger or friend, himlllf behind the door, or under a
the place given him in the nortliern pro- great umbrcllo, and then he tl.at has
vinces is on the right, in the Ibuthern pre\ail'd, mounts his horfe. Put as
on the left, antl the giving, refufing, foon as ever he is in the fuidlc, the
receiving, and nrelently rctiuning of it, other pojis out, and in their language
is a task, which is not foon at an end, bids him Adi'it ; Adieu, replies the other,
always making the bows abovementijn- and often repeating it, they part ; and
cil. Nor is tiiere any lefs trouble about not fo latisty'd, at a few paces diflancc,
placing the chairs (the Ch'wefe in this they lend a lervant to one another,
particular, imitating the huropcnns, that with a moR obliging compliment of
is, in not fitting on the ground with tlianks.
their legs acrofs, as is us'd in Perfm, The fending of prefents to one a.n-Picf.-n*
;iik1 a great par: of the eafl) for the other among the Cl<i>ir-fi, is as ufual as
llranger lets the chair for the maiter of viliting, and cultom lias prefcrib'd laws
tlic houfe, and the niafler for the llran- in this particular. They write on a
ger, and they are already placed, yet
it (he-t of paper
in a very genteel (lile,
I'l
they touch them at lealV, and it is ob- all feiui as a gilt, and jierhaps, as
they
icrv'd that the chair, which is for the tor the moll part it happens, that they
worthiell: perfon, be at a certain dillance are things of a very fmall value but •,
from the wall. Then that they may generally many of them, and of feveral
i,e very clean, they fecm to wipe them forts. But very often, before the things
over again, and Itrokc otf any dull that are font, the paper goes, and he t(j
may i)e upon them, with the llap of the whom the prefent is made, marks down
u^rrat ll'cve, which is gather'd fo dex- as many as he will receive, and if he
teroully in the fill, that it all looks who is to make the prelijnt h.is them nor,
':ikc a hand. If there were an hundred l\e mull buy them. Gener.dly they mull
llrangcrs, tiiey all, one after another, be fix levtral things and it is lawful to •,
perform that fame dufling or cleaning, accept of all or none, or what every one
-viiich mafler accepts fo thaiikiully,
tlic pleafes ; but whatlbever is receiv'd, l(>
,;s if were confounded at lb extraor-
lie much mull be return'd, not hi fjKcie,
dinary an honour. Next begins amon;^ but in v.duc ; fo that it is railier ex-
'lie vifitors the compliment about who changing than prelc'ntiiig. It is alio the
'
to lit full, and who next, a thing

*.
:s cullom to ii'iKi money, and fometimes i
I *""ti]
ii)ng ami tedious only to relate. At the value of a Naples ducat, but with
i iigth being feated, within lels than a lome elegant words in writing i for they
]'iarter ot an hour, the fervanis come are prodigal of their breeding, but fpai -
:!i with tiie dillics oi ChLi or 'Tea ; and ing of every thing elle.
Vol. IV, U u u u As
350 A Fojage round the Wodii. Book III,
GtMtti.i As concerning ihc CLicmoiiics of cn- the meat, are linall, hut not thole of lim-
161/). tcrt.iinmsnts: I'rom the day the liril inces which are intcrmix'd to (liarix-n the
vital ion m:uic (which nnilt lie lome
is appetite. After eating a few bits ot
.'l^''!^^
liays before, anil be repeated three tinu's, that hafli that is fet before them, they
m-'i
or elfe the invitalion would be voiii and lay down the little flicks, anti the glal.s
never accepted) till the ilay alter the goes round ; lor, among
the Cbi.tefi, it is
ieall, when they interchangeably fend not eating but drinking that makes the
one another thanks there are lo many, ; pleafurc of the leall. But to the end
fometimcs of fcvcral forts, ami fome- they may hold out drinking fix hours
tllriif
iffi times the fame repeated, that any one
who is not us'd to them troni his cradle,
or longer, llill in their lenfcs, and ijif-
courfing ol higli matters, they provide
would think it lefs trouble to die tor little cups no bigger than a nutfliel ; [%•-
thirft, undergo fo many plagues
than fides they fip it fo gradually, that they
to be made drunk at a Cl.niie[t'\ table. put it to their lips tour or five times be-
lUit they look upon all thele as nccellary fore empty it i being accuftoniM
they
things, ano if any one were omitted not to drink at a draught, but fipping.
they would not tlvnk tluimfelves true .So whether it be winter or fummer, they
Cbiiuy, but barbarous people, and un- alw,.ys drink their liquor very hot ; and
v.orthy to be ref[iected, as they con- this is bclicv'il to lie the reafon svhy there,
ceive ihey ought to be, by all the nations they know names of
not fo much as the
in the world. To come to the point 1 lome painful dillcnipeis that abound in
they I'pend five or fix hours of the Enrol and proceed from abundance of
(•,
T*^:
night appointed for the I'ealt in con- indigelled humours, and wc;,knefsof llo-
vcrlation and paltimes, with mufick and mach as alfo of their enjoying health
;
plays: And tliis is fo ufual at enrcrtain- and ftrcngtli till fevcnty eight or eighty,
inents, thi-r there arc companies of and fometimcs a hundred years ot age,
aOlors, who ''hout being c,dl-i, hear- to which many nf them arrive. Their
in; A'here there is a gre.it fuppcr, come liquor is made of rice bruis'd in water,
ol their own accord to act their plays. which being brought to fuch a llrcngih
Now if the entertainment is not among (like beer or ale^ Is afterwards diflill'd.
])oor people, there are as many tables Now tho' the glalles arc fo fmall, they
a> gucils, each a cubit broad and a cu- drink fo often (efpecially towards the lat-
bit and I'he meat is
a halt long. ter end) that fo many littles make luch
brought of gold, filver, and
in iliOics an excelfive quantity, that very often
purcellane. 'Ihey ulc no table-cloths, their brains are dillurb'd ; and there-
-F ' ^'
i but cL-a:i fhining boards variiilh'd over fore the malU r o( (he l.oui'c's women,
with levera.' beautiful colours. Nor do are upo.. the watch to oblerve, how m,i-
they ufe napki' s knives, forks, nor ny of the gucils tumble down the fl.iirs,
fpoons ; nor do they ufe to walli their to make fport at them afterwards with
hands before or after meat ; bccauli.- l)e- their iiuiband, who nevei thinks he has
:1:f
ing great lovers of clea.ilincis, they made a good entertainment unLfs tome-
never fouch any thing that is (ft before body goes home drunk otherwife he ;
them a: table with their hand:, cr fin- thinks, and is troubled that his liqunr
gers but to carry it
•, to their mouth was not good. Rut in thefe feails they
mmM they provitle two littlo

ebony, or fome other
llender and about a fpan long or more
licks (of ivory,
precious wood)
•,
have not that barbarous cuflom of ma-
king thofe dîiik that are not a dry, or
filling the cup to a man who is fo full
the one between the little fin-
licld talt that he is ready to run over, therilore
hf*;'.:^;..'!''
ger an the next to it of i!ic light hand,
1 it is ufual to place skrecns before them
and the other movii.g with the fore and that tlicy may not fee one another -, but
middle fingers , .'nu thus they eat lis the pleafure of the tcall, having nothing
dcxteroully, that they take up a fingle elfe to do, and the care of obliging their
grain of rice, .ontr.irv to our EaropC' powerful as laws to oblige

friend, are as
ans, who fi.i/c ,igica'. dfi! of trouble be- them to drink till they are drunk and ;
fore they ran u(c rhcmli,l"es to it: And the weak liquor they ufe is digefted with
as for knives '.hey iiivc no i;''ed of theiri; a very little fleep.
for all is brought ut) tut ir,;ii v-.rv fmall I will conclude this chapter informing;,,;
morfels. Dillies of lifh md flelh al- the reader, that one of the cardinal vir-inJ
ways go together, that the v/riety may tues (which among the ('.hiiirje are vcryoi.
delight, being excilknily fealon'd ; and many) civility and decency in every
is
rather numerous .mil various than plcn- aftion, and this, not regarding the
tilul or furticient, nd ilicrefore the worth and ilignity of the perfon tliiy
])I.itcs which are like iitfjc wooden honour, but rather to tatisty an ambi-
..l;nu , or bonis, in wluch they bring tion that reigns in them all, of appeir-
ii.^
;
ml Chap. II. Of CHINA. 351

ing tliP mod courtly :ind civilizM pcr- bc/ides all this .1 particular vocabulary, CiHsi-i.i.i
Ibns ill tlin world. For they ufc fuch or dictionary, to teach how to name and ''" "^
lofty forms of diicourfiiig even
and higli leiTen all things that belong to one lelf '-^"•''^ •,
witli tlic meaDcft people, either by hirth ani.1 to magnify thofe that belong to
or protcdion, as might very well fuisty another ; and to fpcak otherwile would
;i prince ; as for inflance, tncy pive a be look'il upon as a great liiuk, not iti
nnilctier the titleof the great roil or lanjî.uage, but in breeding, anil down-
wand ; for it would be a great alVronc right barbarous. F.ven the clowns brought
to call liiin by his right naine. 'I'hus e- up in the woods, are more mannerly
vcry other proteinon has itsproper no- than thofe in other countries who are
ble for:: of name ; anti if a man is not bred in cities ; and the moil courteous
acquainted with his condition, whom he and mannerly people among us, in Lit-
ijilloiirfes, he ules general terms of ho- lui would fcein rude and lavage.
I our, anil calls him brother. 'J'hcre is
C II A P. II.
Other Cujhms of the Chincfc.
TH '•'.
'viPicn,
grenteft beauty
confills in
of the ( biitcfc
having very
of their flcevcs, which are wide, not
even when they take any thing that is
litde and becaufe this is
feet : -^luty olFcr'd them. If it is a man that offers a
that nay
be acquir'd by art, v/nich "an- thing, would be umiecent tor a woman
it
not be in the lineaments of the face, to tak(? it out of his hand but he mud ;
they wrap up the feet of the girls new- lay it on a table or feat, and die take it
born, and bind them fo hard that they thence, llill with her hand wrapt up and
hi.nder their growth, and make them cover'd. 'I'heir features and completion
cripples, there being very few that do are not inferior to the European women,
not feci it as long as they live. This is and tho' they have Iniall eyes, lying
the defign the antient wife invcntcrs of deep in, and their nole after the fame
this cultom l.ad in profptd, iiiz. To manner, yet they do not look amifs.
make going uneafic to them ; fo tliat if This their retired life is the caufeM,rtiapcs.
nioilelly would not keep them at home, they marry, if wc may fo call it, blind-
tLc pain of going fhould be a conflne- fold •, for the bride and bridegroom ne-
ir.cnt to them. Tho' this be the chief ver fee one another till the day fhc is
hc.uity they boad of, yet do not they brought to his houfe. The fathers
expoll' or liiow -t ; for modelly will not make the inatch without ever feeing or
permit them to go in fuch fliort coats, diowing the maid, and without asking
liiiit their feet, fcarce half a (pan long, their fons approbation or their being -,
iii.iy be fecn under them. Befides, they .illow'd to intermeddle or oppofe it.
ilw.iys live among themfelvcs, and it Thus they are often contracted and pro-
;;i,iy laid in pcr|K'tual confinement
be niifedin the cradle, being generally
r.inote,not only from the publick, but much of an age. The womcns por-
frnm their own family ; converfing with tion no other but her pcrfon, and that
is
none but their own ions, and thofe no enough if die is virtuous but good or -,
longer than they are in the ftate of in- bad die carries not her husband a-crofs,
nocence, no other letting his foot among and fo will not ruin the houfe fhc comes
ihetn. Their apartment feparatcd from from, and where die goes die carries no-
['if red of the houfe, and without win- thing to be proud of, or to upbraid her
'
)ws to the drecr, hinders their appear- husband with. On the contrary, tlia
ing where they may be fecn. They rare- bridegroom fome time before the wed-
ly go out of doors, and this the rich ding, lends the maid a certain quantity
ones always do in a chair not a bit of of money, as among indidcrent people
ir open, and little lefs than feal'd up in is ufuallyagreed on, and among the
\. without any the lead hole to peep great ones is according to their worth,
lin forming V,,

'ji.iv at. Of all the fd'teen provinces, on- and .viien it rifes to about a thoufuul
Idinal vir-ir V tli.it ot Fmuji! follows another cultom crowns it is counted very great. Thi^
.11 this }ianicular, conforming to tiie liis to furnilli the bride with houfhoki-
are very -
every ijrity us'd ill "fihet-'-Titihbin, ami other dulV, cloths, and female ornaments, alt
in
Iding the .iliuent countries. 'I'hcir garb is very which are afterwards cirryM with the
Irfon tiny
rno.lill, not opcn-ncck'd to Ihow any greatod date that may be before the
Ian anihi-
I'l flu- breads ; and unlets neceflity re- bride. The day die is carry'd to her
|f appiir-
Muiics ii they never put their hands o'lC lubband, a great atcendan:e goes be-
iiii;
fore
?5'-' A Voyage round the pyo,ltl Book III. W r > r
Cemsi,!.! fore her with kettlc-tlrums, :viul pipes, once the bride has dcceptcd of the gold
><'96. and many li^littil torches, tho' it hi' at anil filver bodkins, bracelets, and other
t-'^'Ônooii-d.iy. After ail comes flie, lock'd things the bridogrrom lends her tuita-
«[> in a chair carryM by four men, and ble to her quality. From that time for-
being come to the iiiisband's houle, is de- ward, tho' tho hutband Ihould go out
liver'd to him in tiiat manner. Then of the kingilom, the never marries again,
he opening tho chair takes out the wife but will expect him all her life time. It
he has never ieen before which, if fhe ; is alfo cuffomary, when the parents ot
liocs not pieafc liim, he cannot poffibly the bride .md bridegroom are agrc, (and 1
rejert. The poor buy a wife tor three or they have full authority over their chiU
four crowns, and it is allowM t!iem to fell liren, whom they no\cr emancipate^ to
her again, if they can find a chapman. give one another the name, day, hour,
He who is fo very poor iliat he cannot month, anil year their children were
buy a wife at fo low a rate, locks out l)orn in, to advile with the aftroiogers,
tor fomebody to it:ll himtelf to tor a and when they are of opinion that the
flave, and in recompcnce receives a marri.ige may ho contracted, they tend
v.ife 1 with whom, and tho children the jircfents above mention'd, and not
that arc born to him, he remains at the othcrwifo.
difpolal of his mailer. The fame hap- In Chill. I, iliat lim who does not mar- P;
pens to a free woman if fho marries a ry, !•> look'd uiwn, as if ho e.vtinguifh'il j:
llave. For this realbn, poor men gene- hii father's toed., and were ungrateful -
rally take but one wife •, whereas tho to him that gave \\\x-.y his being. .So ,i
rich, befules the chief wife, whicli is ot marry M woman accounts her lllf tin
cqii.il quality ti themlelves, take as many happy till tho has children ; for till the
otheis, or as tew as they pleafe. Some- Jiasthem, flio may not fit at table with
m times they take one of thefo fetonil wives

to get iflue, and when they have it, tell
the mother again, as having t.ikcn her
her mother-in-law, ikofe who as yet
have no iiiiio fcrvinr^ her and the other
fruitful one, tlaiiding. 'I'his is tlie rea-
only for that end. lbn why, to avoid boinj', in fuch ill re
Widows. Tho honour and reipect they pay to pure among otlioi- men, there is nn
widowhood is very commendable. To man lb miferably ]ioor that docs not buy
m.'.rry again, tho' .a woman lie left in him a wile ; nor any woman that dues
her prime, and without children, h ntit endeavour to be got with child.
look'd upon as undeccnt , and there Yet they bring uvo or three girh
if
;,l are few well-born, who prefer their own without a boy between, the mother hrr
fatisfaftion before their honour ; or the felt kills and tlrangles them -, faying,
title of mothers before ihat of challo the devil is got into tho houfo. This
women. They remain in tho fithcr- cruelly is molt: ])radis'd in the louthirn
in-law's houfe, and there continue in parts of Ci.iHU, where the men are for-
widowhood, under a Ifriiit guard, till ced to look for wives abroad. Thus the
death. empire of China comes to be more po-
By laws of the kingdom no man
t . pulous than any other that allows of po-
condi'.ion
may ma;.-y a woman of his own family, lygamy, bccauto the cfinatc is good,
!.<; "'omcn.
tho' the kindred be never lb remote. and the women fruitful it being r.-.r? ;
Only the firfl is counted the l.iwful to Ice any at ago of proi rcation, witii
M ••T:-:i. wife, tho'

they ploalb and can kcp.
they
for this rca-
may havf as many as out one child at her breafl, and anotiicr
by her fide, or in her belly.
fo-( it is, that they being in the nature The magiflratcs are fo intent upon A
ol flavcs, on account of the price given endeavouring to promote the good peo
for them, the husband cari Irll them again pling of the country ; that the fuperior
to whom he pleafes. .And if the woman of the f-'rancifcan milFioncrs in Canton,
fliould happen to bo a chrillian, antl had like to make me die with laugliiriL',
therefore refute to go to the new idola- when ho tokl mo a Itory of the petty
trous purchafer ; Ihe will be compell'd king of that province, to this purpole.
by the m.igitlrate with much beating. There were f,-jeral IVomrn in Pri/hn, /'<•;'.;
A Cbim-j'e will make no Jiiriculty of fell- either the IP'ives, Daughters, or Kinilrethl
ing or daughter to a catholick-
his wife, Thieves uho had been Executed or lijere Fie.i
huropean if he comes in his way, who The petty King, th.it I hey might lot hff.i'.-
may keep her always as a flave in his lozv, tnarry'tl them by Lott to thr other Pri-
houll-, but may not carry her out of the (oners, after thu manner. Harir.g av<>'.!
kingdom ; and if he will return home them all, young, old, halt nn.i Lime, tf hi
he muil leave or fell her. brought to his Court, he mi.de iiery (
Mj!!;-.-
'•' 'lo Chiiieji marii.igc beconn-s firm leave fame particular Token upon the ( irr.tii:. ;
"'îiij •'.-:. ..
'J
.\vA vilid and cannot be muile voiil, when tbentiirniii2^ them by, brougit in ihe II' uinn:,
Cl/AP. If. 0/ C H I N A.
oiihriiig l''rm to chuff ever^ one a lliiibund, h.ut moit aJmirdi'ie Hctv f.tjjjion Smjfi iiijt Cj%mi;i i.i
I
l.ikiii^ up one Tubun. Thu Jour,
of ihoj? ihni otme from Nanking. Jii jlnrt ihey ''"''' .:! 1 !'i ^
-^ ->
L^.'\J > 1
jf*
//, llusb.inds (i/>fi'iir\l, ami niiKiiig
<(, iiiiii unking i\,'CI
rvcry Jhoi.J'd ihc liiitch ibr Stujf. a a. I an^reeing
•
oiw ou,'ii hii ou'ii 'token : There (i/'/ie,ir\l a for le vera! thoufand Pieces, when they dime
yjun^ ll'ontan m.irry'il lo an old <,r Ltme lo delfver tbem, and the \)mc\\ lad'view'tl •\
yV/.;«, und a blind or hall to a soun^ One 'I great many, at avoid the trouble
lajl, to
The young Men or Women Jo malcb'd

ill oj examining all, becaufe they were to be
m.vie a ihoujlind Com/daints, but the feliy gone fpcedily, they took the rejl upon Con-
King, iiho WIS a pleajdnl A' in, being ready lent. The Chinele in a Moment changed
lo biirjl iviih laughing, upbraided I hem the Hales for others made up of (dd Kags,
Kith their ot^-n Indijcrctwn in not making a an, I Jo the Dutch carrying them awa\ in-
upo.l Choice ; flying, ihey ought to thank Jlcad oJ Stuffs, «,(•;(• put upon to more lofs
"ihemfclves for iheir Misfortune, Jince the than what they got by thefalje P. 'jney. 'I'hey
Choice Kas left to them. endeavour'd to be rcveng'il the cnfuing
The Tartan i!o not buy tlicir wives, ye.irs, but the Chinefe woidd not ad-
1i'I.V >
but receive portions, the' vrry inconli- mit them to trade. They ilid not be-
ticr.ihle. When any one niarrics his have themlelves fo with the Spaniards
d.ui!.!;ht(T to her equal, tiic portion is not whilll I was in China; for a velVel coming
above eighty cows, eiglity horl'es, tifi;hiy from Manila to Madio, with one hun-
{.'.arnients ami tiie like nuiiilxT of ottu-r dred ,uid eighty thoulanil pieces (jf eight
tilings, atcuri.lin[;; to the condition ol the to buy lilks, the Spaniards requiring
couple. to h.ive iheni wrought after their ladiioii
By all tli.il has been hitherto faltl, the (which much from that of Chinaj
ditlers
rcatler may perceive that the Chinefe are that they might carry them over to AV;;-'-
very and cxcccil the Eu-
Iharp-wittecl, Spain, and finding none fuch ready, ihcy
ropeans ; yet nothing has
in ingenuity dillributeil the money among llvLval mer-
been laid of the running of tl ? poor chants, for every one ol them to lurnifli
commonalty, taught them by nature to fb many cheUs of fuch woik as they
<^\ct their living. 'I'hey are lb crafty at agreed upon ; and in fliort, within the
cheating, lh.it an hundred eyes would i|)ace of live months, the lilks were
be too little lor llrangcrs, tl.
'
never wove, and tleliver'd punctually accord-
la wacchlul, them
to for they
elcape •, ing to the price and goodnefs that h,ul
h:;vc wondeiful flights of hand and other been agreed ; tho' among fo many then:
.uts to deceive the fight. A thoufmd might perhaps be or.e, that lurnilird the
molt plealant inventions of theirsare buyers with the quantity, but not the
told about. Among others, they car- quality of the flufl's whicli niufl not be
•,
ry Ihiall fliarp tools in their nails which thought any extraordinary matter, con-
I'.icy vvear very
long, to cut purles. lidering the fhortnefs of the time, and
On the the merchants value
contrary, the v.dl quantity, which could not have
tiu.iilelves upon
being jull, and arc been got together in Ilah, in live years.
rtMliy fo, lor their oath is inviolable i As for the outward appear.ince of thel'icfcnct
.uid they will h.iz.ird their head to keep Chineje, it fliewsthem as much men of<'t 'I'c
their worti ; which the Europeans found parts, as any otiiers whatfoever not on-^'-'"'';'''-
•,
10 no little altonilliment when

their ly for their noble garb, but for their gra-
il-,cy lirll began to trade. And it thole vity, and the modell comportment of
who ought to have given, would have their pcrfons, the majefty of their looks,
t)Ilow"d their good example, and rc- and tor their llaiely and graceful mien.
turn'd honelty tor honelly ; then they To turn the head lightly abt)Ut, would
V. )uld not ha\e toumi them in pro- look among them, man's brain
as it a
i i^ of time, as they have ilone, more were light. Oaths or words that ha\e
i.iile .ind deceitful than thcmfelves, 'J'o any immoilcfly, are never heard,
talle of
this purpofe I can relate a true llory but from the mouth of fome lule me.ui
told me by the Spaiiij'h fithers millioners. fellows, iind that very rarely. 'i"o make
rihe Dutch who came from Bat.ivia I) love, or pl.iy the beau, are things lo fir
Trade in would have cheated the
China, from being us'd, that they ha\e no wordi
Chinele, gii'iiig them a great ffian.'iiy of to exprels them i becaufe a woman's ficc
^.dje Money ; which, in a Bargain of fame is never Icen, neither at window, nor
i.undred thoufand Crowns made m bajle, elfewherc for it were almoll: the fame
;
lould not all be vieio'd at letfure. They thing to have a Chinefe woman feen, as
l.gnd the Contrail, and the Dutch return- if file were half raviflt'd,
ing the next i'ear to buy, they gave them Tho' China may be call'd the country PLMrc.uil.-
dn Oliver (or their Rowland, for taking of candid.ites, or men afpiring to pi-c-bduM/a.
K') nutice of the Cheat put upon them, as tlrmcnts, there being no other like ic
:'. Ships were dilPalthin'-, the\ laid they
Vol.. IV.
•
—
in the world, where every man of the
X X X X meandl
^
m
r»
'<^'>
r.ijn-.. Sill
35+ A Voyigc round the IVorM. Book III I Ch a/'
C.rMftii mcuifll condition, tliinks lie Ins an tin but a little boilM rice, nnd a dccortion
if")6. ilonhtfd lij^lu to bccfjnic j'uitcr than ot wild herbs, to drink inllead of tea.
'''V^,',j„(,tl„-r, ami if his learning (id'crve it, They have an artificial pot to drefs P„i
to rili: to the highift above

ilif^nitics, their meat, in which the water goes about,
which there is none Init the rrown ; yet .ind the lire ll.inds in the middle; lo that
thry all know how to concc'il their riiui- any thing is boii'd in a Ihortcr rinic, with
'ition, envy, rancour ami mortal enmity, Itlstrouble, and roll. Having nootheri;;:
iintk r the appearance ot fincere alVccJtion i materials to make glal^ of tli. y :nakr
anil tho' the hatred they heai one another them of riic, a^ w.is laid belore, and ol
be never lo great, yet they never (ail to beautiful colours.
nay one another the ceremony of bow- 'i'liey h.ive invented a table or board, c'l'
ing, kneeling, and bowing the lorehcad with ,1 llriiig of woodii, counters, td
lo the ground, according to the dignity adil, multiply, ami divide, and
fubllrai^t,
and employment of the pcrfon thinking , they arc quicker at them, than the bell
they herein art the manly part, and fhow occomptant in b.iiii 'r. To tell money,
thcmfdve"; eal'y and well bn d. It is a re- they have another Iward with an hundred
teivM maxim among them, thn lo draw holes, into which they prcll'ntly clap as
.1 fword againll one another, h not the many pieces of money, .md lb they tell
part of men and that war is nodiiiig but
; them in II moment, .md lee whether tlu'\
.1 wildnels reduced to rules, which the la are good. they do not like one pro
II
vage bcail have not. That humanity is lelTion, at the years end,
they take to an-
the property of man, and therefore, other, being handy at every thing.
they pretend there are none like them 1 hey are ingenious in playing at any(,
in the worKl, for living up to the rules came ; which they call
as canis, chefs,
of reafon they affcrt an cafy meek be-
: A(', and gcclf
dice, tables, af[K)rt liketox
haviour to fucn a degree, that to be in and the like but what ruins them, is tin :r
;
a palfion among them, is like laying Mrtiiii, at the new year, which is eveno;
afide humanity, and becomiiv^ a bcart, odd, guell'ing at liiile heaps of money, at
or at Icall a barbarian. Hence it is, that which Iport they uiiii ons another.
among them there is no open profeft en- Some make an ill ulc of their ingcnu-
mity, much lelsany flicîons, riots, or ity, to make a con.| ofition they call ,Y:-'
bloody Irays. Their fifls are the only (iw ; which bein;^ fmoak'il in a rooii\
weapons they fight duels with •, in wliich puts all the people in it bcfidethem
the worrt thing thai can be done ('this is (<:lves, ,11(1 renders them immoveable,
r to be unilerllood of mean perfons) is to

tear
is
off" ones enemies hair, for the dilgracc
more relented, than the pain. 'I he

wliilft
powerful
The
they rob the houfe.
.intidotc againll
C/'/z/i'j'^'
it.
generally drink hot, andp,;

Water is a
wit'eff and molt: honourable petfons if cat coUl, )ull contrary to the /\i<ro/'i:vi! ;'-
they arc (truck, and that way getfly, nor will any of them ever refrcflj their
the bettor ; liecaule the honour of the palates with cold water, tho' the wea-
battle confifls in a man's overcoming ther be never fo hot, or they droughty
himfclf with virtue, not the adverlary with '.ravelling ; but wait patiently tiil
with forrc. So that running away, in- they have it fo hot, that it fcakls their
llcad of b' ing a difgrace to the Chinrjl', lips ; fo that they think it a madiiefs
makes them at raicc triumph over them- when they an luiiopriii; ilri'^k cold li-
lee
lelvcs, and their enemies, who are over- quor. .'\s for their meat,
it grc vs lb coKi,
come by the iwlTion of anger, and there- that it has no relilli, they litiing whole
fore rather bcalls than men. The truth days chatting at table, for they are n.i-
of it is, the Chuiefr are men of cour.-.gc, rurally very talkative. This is not usM
little effeminate, and mean-fpirited, put- only by the poor people, but among the
ting up all wrongs patiently. Mai;i!,iri)ii's and <',reat ones ; who tho'
JLirJincr:. rhey arc at the fime lime indefatiga- they furnini their tables with birds-nelh,
ble, themfclves from their infancy
iifing which coft three hundred jiieces of eight
to carry on their back a yoke with two a nieafurc, the fins of fharks, the finews
frqual weights to it which they incrcafe •,
of Hags, precious roots, ami other ihiniîi
!roin time, to time, as they grow up; of great value, yet they prate fo loiijr
from wliich fatigue, even the poor coun- that all grows cold. Befides, all ihcir
try Women exempt, w-ho bcfidcs
are not delight, and the bell A the fealf con-
.11 other fenial duties, dig, and do other fills ill drinking, as was laid before, to
drudgeries. In the boats they row, or promote which, of the fervants appoint-
row tliem along, like fo many marcs, and ed to attend each table, one comes
do all the fervice of a lea-man, with a every now and then, and kneels dowr.
f hil I all the while ty'd to their back ; praying the guells to drink then conir-; ;
nd nr: night they have no other fuppcr, another, and inircats them to empty
thrir
I!]'" 'fi
Ill I Chai'. If. Of CHIN A. 355
ihcir liilhcs, lomctimes one w,iy ami good f Jucation, tiiat if it h.ipj.'iis .my otinMnii
loiiu'tiinci .mother 1 for if the {!;iult', ilo them commits a crime, .iikI c.innot Iw """'
iiof'o hoiiif ilriiiik, he tlut iic.its isimii li iil.'ii, tlic magiltraic i^cures the lather, '-^^'^
tr()iil)lt'il, .11 it Ills diniiiT h.ul not Ixrii •uiil li.ilhn.uloes him, tor not tcuhing his
i'0()>l .inJ hii liquor poor. Thcrclorc to Ion ,'ood manner,, i'he governiiunt al-
fomp.irs tlicir ilcfiRn, .itu-r liippci, they io t.ikes care ol occonomy of t.miilics,
[lit
trc.it witlia pl.iy, .incl

after the pl.iy, they tor till publick good on wliieh account
;
rover .uuuhcT t.ihli- with Iwceimcais, iui! they tell us a very notable pallage. A
then .inothtr with Iruii, to iiitiic tiiccoin happened to go along a llreet,
A/.;/;(/.</;«i'
p.iny to drink, anil (cnil tlcin homo in where a mother in l.tw was crying out
tli(ir liiv.ints .iriii'j. Tholi' dial arc tcnv againd and iiirfmg her daughterin l.iw,
prr.uc, m.iy P'>n'' the iiqiinr on the ground, .ind her hnlhind ; inquiiiii;', into the
withoiii Iving reputed uiuivil, by w.iy of c.iule, he gave the emperor an aeconnr
pledge, then- licing a bo.ud bciore theni of it, who ordcr'd th.it the il.uu'liter-in-
lor purpole, th.»t i;
tliis others may not law, aiKl her hullund (liould be ch.illi/.'d,
obll'rvc them. At thi- conclulion of the his lather fhould have his lie.id cut olf,
feall, tticy oblcrve a ruftom, whicli per and I hi Manil.iiiHf of the place be dc-
h.ips no other nai on will approve ol, priv'd <)l his command.
which is, that every uMc of the (i,ue(ts leaves The C/jiiKjt- linoke much tabarco, but'I'.'.u-ci'
eight or ten pieLCsot eight, more, or lei's, after another m.iiiner than rs usM a
according to iiis quality wlio tre.Us, in tlic mong us. 'I'hey cut
cxtiaordiiury it
hands of' a fervant ; and tho' the mailer liii.ill, .iiul having liry'd it in an oven,
of the houlL- (like phylicians who hold they wet it with hot waters to m.ike it
out their hand at the lame time they leein llroiig, and iherefoie they th.it are noi
10 rcfufe by words, pretends to be atiront us'd to it (.iiinot bear the Jinoak. I'ho'
ed at it, yet tiie cullom is well known, they always carry their pipe, and a piirfe
and every one leaves as much as will of tahano by their iidc, yet they linoke
pay for the play and liquor. but onre an hour, and the women do fo
F.:;e The Md'ul.iriK'fs ule themlelves to ..u too, ciperially the T.inarj.
fiicli things as are iiaturaily violently hot, 'I'he Chi;:i'fi fit on high chairs, and ufe c'!i.ilr-,
not fo much out of riotoulnefs, a . to tables like ours in Earoic. J'hey do not''"'- "'•
provoke procure vigour, to

Uirt, ano value jewels, or other things that have
f""''''''
|leafe fo many women, and get many their value onlyfrom opinion, but r-jld
(iiil.lrcn by them and becaule we have •, and which have an intriiilick v.iluc.
filvcr
mention'd lome forts of meat quite un- In the city, and about it, they tJways
known in ktirnfr, it will be proper to give carry fans, tho' it be winter ; ,uid in the
Ibmc account of them. Tlic birds-nefls country umbrillocs, tho' they have hoods
are taken on the coalt of Coihiiicbina^ the to defend them igainlf tlic fun.
Inlands of Roi neo, C.alaminnes, and othcr,s of 'i'hey callpeople by the lirnamc firil, N.mu-i
i!ie archipelapjo of .S. I.azaro, where they and then by the name, contrary to the'"'' '"'
'''"'"'
arc h'.iilt iip<)n inacceflible rocks, by cer- Etirotcr.ih, who fpeak the proper ii.ime
tain biitls like Iwallows, fo artificially firft, an J then the firn.ime. They do not
i!\.'.i they are eaten ftecp'd in warm wa- take tl'i: namesof their idols, but the l()ns
fer,ro take out any feathers there may be are call'd by the parents, by the names
m them. It is not known to this day, of the firll, fecond, third, fourth, fre.
whether i'ov arc m.ide of clay, or of what
'
Others have their name from foinc acci-
the bird tftches from its lloniach ; but dent happening before their birth, as the
rhit'v arc of great nourilliment, and tarte fortunate, the merry, the pleafing, isi.
like rho li.-i/hiii têrmiii'lli. 'I'hc (hark is True it is, th.it whilil the Chinr.l- r'eign'd,
;i hill that feeds upon men's Iwdies, ami it W.IS cuitomary at fourteen years ol
IS found .dl about the archi|*lago of S. age, to give n.imes to the males, put-
/.tcrtcfl , draw certain linews
the Chinefi ting on their heads the country cap, and
mit of their fins, which they eat. 'I"he the females with tho bodkin's to bind
root JiVon is brought out of tlic pro- their hair about, r.ijiing them till tlien,
vinrir of I.'-:iot:iiig, and is bought tor iis the lirft, lecond, L'c. whicli was pcr-
'V"ight in gold, becaufe it is excellivc torm'd with as much folemnity a- thr;
i\i)i, aiKl very nourilliing, which makes wedding but the i'.nictr now reigning,
;
tlicm lay,that if a man carries it in his abolifli'd that exjicnlive c iiifom.

nunith three days together without eat- The CLkiicJi: tell all things, even to l'.,i..i.
ing, he w ill feel no faintnefs. They alio hens and

chickens by weight, but
ulo abund.ince of fpice, and eflences for cheap 1 lining a pound of twenty ounces
•h" end we have fpoken of. for twenty '/.hii, which make three
The l..w> of the empire are fo fcvere grains and n half of Naphs money,
'
io oblige [>arenis to give their children 'i'hey thcmfdvcs coiifumc but little, the
poop
,„„ ^ ^4ii
4^
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
lAai2.8
1.0
2.2
120
I.I
1.8
L25 i_u mil 1.6
Photographic 23 WEST MAIN STREET

WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580
Sciences (716) 872-4503
Corporation
^^1-%
>4
356 A Voyage round the IVorhl Book \\\ I rjj vp. I
Gf.milm poor people filling their bellies with rice, get a Mtiiiildiiiic to go thither, at the
1696. _,r,ii lierly. ilryM in the inn, thiu they of whom, all thofe peafants fell (jn
i'lÛt
''>^'^-'in;iy lie Icin;; in the llomach. their kneesalong the road, beleecliini'
Anti.iiii They h;ive a gre.it cllecm tor any an- him to have fome regard for their live.,
tie.
tique pieces of any metal or fliapc what- which woulil not be I'ecure, if the Euro-
Ibever, not regarding the workmanfhip, /•cans fettled in their village. At length
in they be oli! ; and therefore the rough- the bufinefs was compos'd after this man-
er, and more confum'd they are by time, ner. The Mandaniie order'd the work
the more they arc valu'd, and ibid the (houldgo on i but that when the maftcr
dearer. I'liey alio highly prize antient beam, or highell timber was to be fetup,
manulcripts, that arc in a iair hand, with the Bonzei ihould have notice given thcnu
the author's feal to them. that they might cover the idols, who,
n,.:y 'i'he names of father and mother in otherwilc would be frighted to Ice lb
Ch'tihi are iacred , the children believing high a fabrick rais'd, and thus the pc,i-
tiiat all tlie blellings of this lilc, are the fimts might not lole their Fun-fcivj, ilut
vew.ird of loving their parents, ami i'erv- is their fortune. This fuperilition ex
ing with humility ; nor does liilto-
tiitni tends even to the flrudlures of the Chi-
ry tiMnith us with examples ot any na- nefe themfelves, (tho' not look'd upon as
tion, that has lb fully paid ilie filial du- altogether fo fatal) none being jxrrmittiM
ty, as the Chtnefe do. 'I'here are young to build his houfe higher than his neigh-
labouring men, who ior grief of their bours, for fear of taking away their I'tm-
fathers deatii, fail all the d;iys of their fcivy. In the fuburb of Canton, goini;
life, without ever eating fi(h or flefh, into a Piigod, I faw two live ihakes be-
cs;gs, or any white meat, that this pen- fore the idol, in a bafon, to try tholi"
nance may avail their fouls. that were accus'd of theft ; fo great is
Super lb 'I'hey are much addicted to iliperfti- their fuperilition. They were to be laid
tioll.
tions, and auguries. They conclude no on the body of the pcrfon accus'd ; if
match, without confulting the ailrolo- they bit him, he was reputed guilty
gcrs nor do they bury the dead without
•, if not, innocent. They call this Pnôd,
ap|H)inting a fortunate day, Ibr which San-kiaimian.
realbn in great cities, ten, or twenty All officers and magiflrate."^ purfuerob-N,,
W- thoufand cofiins, with dead bodies, arc bers i'evercly, to make the roads fafe, andfc-'.=
tarry'd out together to be bury'd in the take care to extirpate vagabonds, punill'.
mountains. All the gates of the courts ing them feverely. The blind, the lanu,
of judicature, out of a fuperilitious cu- and fuch like, have employments iounJ
m l*.*.?"^ *'.'i
(lom, arc made in the fouth wall. They
look upon it as a very ill omen, to have
for them, according to their ability.
The old and difabled arc fed by tlie em
churches eredted to the true God, in the peror, who keeps a hundred in every ci-
country or villages, as fearing ibme of ty, more or lefs according to its grcat-
the people fliould die upon it. And to nefs. This produces not only peace anil
lay the truth, it looks as if God were quietnefs, but plenty 1 becaufe all men
reiblv'd to try the tl:eadinefs o( the Chi- apply themfelves to tillage, and there is
iicff; for it is adually obferv'd, that af- not a foot lies waile throughout the em-
ter the building of fbme church, more pire. They ufe foi\e artificial plows that, . .
'"'
people than ordinary die ; as alib the bro- can be drawn by one only buffalo ; and
thers, chililrcn, and other kindred of the they water the land as ingenioufly, draw-
Cbinefe that is newly converted 1 as the ing water from the bottom of the river.
lathers mifTioncrs themfelves told me. Others get their living by filhing, notp.:,
For this reafon Ibmetimes, when tlie mif- only with many and divers forts of nets,
iioners would ereft a new church, the hooks, and traps of boughs placed in the
Cbhiefe not being able to obflruift it le- water, but with birds like our fea-crowi;
gally, as long as the imperial pcrmifHon from whom they cannot cfcapc, tho'
hoKis, they raile a mutiny of the rabble they were hid under the land. The binl
to overthrow it, lb that the milTioners eats only the fmallcfl, becaufe the cun-
are forc'd to have recourfe to the magi- ning Cbinefe put a ring about its neck,
tlrates. This happened to the Spaw/I) that it may not fwallow the great ones.
J-iaiuijljus, whilft I was at Cauton. They The birds they catch in nets, Ihares, Bii.:
going about to build a church in a vil- and other inventions. The wild gceic,
lage, diftant from the city, for the ufe as cunning as they are to fave themklvcs,
of the chrillians ; and having bought the cannot efcape for the better to deceive
-,
ground and materials, the peafants mu- them, they keep rertain floating venils
tiny'ii, and afTembling in a riotous man- upon the waters tliry refort to, and
ner, by beat of drum, went to hinder when the geefe arc after ibme days well
tl)'' work. 'I'l-,e fathers were forc'd to iis'd to them, fo a^^ not to be afraid, they
make
m /
Book III. I Chap. Ilf. 0/ C H I N A. 357
two liolcs in them, and clapping
ni,ikc had kill'd iChbtefe, who provok'd himGHMtLM
them on tlicir heails, go up to the: neck by llriking him over the face with a ""'f'
ill the w.itcr, (o that thole vefTcIs may frog, which is a thing they hate. And '-'^•'VJ
fccm to be rtiil floating, and tiius draw- tho' Jranjo had kill'd the black, and of-
ing near to the geele, before accuflom'd fer'd to pay a thoufand Ta\e), yet he
to fee thole things, draw them ilown by could not prevail with the kindred to
the legs, and having catcii'd as many as tonfcnt that the dead body lliould Ix-
they can carry, come out of the water. taken out of his hoafe. Ihe Cbiiuy,
I'he Cbiiifje judges, to deter the pco- tho' idol.irers, arc not fuch bigots as
iile from committing crimes, ufe to put tholi' on thi.s lide Gaiigts ; for ihcy cat
the body of the party kill'd or murder'd beet, fwines-fldh, frogs, dogs, .whicli
illa colHn, in the houfe of the murde- they are great lovers of, and there are
riT, he compounds with the friends.
till lliainbles of them) and nil forts of li-
'I'liis I law praAis'd upon L.mnniul <L- ving creatures. Nor do they make any
/i)\miOy at Macao, becaule a Icrvant of frruple to convcrle, eat, and contrait
his being a black of M.tngiar MaJ/i/i, affinity with chriilians.
CHAP. III.
I'he Habit, Winpous, tind Coin of the Chinefc.
11.1: of iF.fore the Tarlan rul'd, the Chinefi fiiHiion being brought up by the anticr.t
B' wore their hair long, winding it learned Cbim-jl; the fathers of the Ibcitty
about on tlieir pole, as the women do to dillinguifh themlelves have added up-
with us (but without making it into on every fquare three arches like gates,
tred'es) making a large roll of it, through made with a gold breed.
which they Ui'd to run large filver bod- Their fliirt is call'd Kuaz'iK, and is la- shirt-,
kins, as well to bear it up, as for orna- ccd under the right arm on the lidcs,
ment i lb that there are ftill at AUiUua, and under the throat. It reaches down
and other places, fome of thcfe Chincfe half way the leg, with lonp, narrow
v/lio are call'd hairy. But fince the '/rtr- fleeves. Over it they wear wide iireechesBiccchs;
tvi govern, they have been all com- down to their heels, which they ca;i ^'«-
manded to cut it off upon pain of death ; Ziu, or Zct)', ty'd with a filk ribband,
and to go after the Tartar fafliion with at which hangs the purfe of tabacco,
their and only
heads fhav'd, a tuft, as the handkerchief, knife, and the little
the Mabomrt.ms wear it but •, ftill with flicks to eat with in a Iheath. But the
this difference ; and the Cbir.efe wear it nobility wear a filk girdle with gilt buc-
platted, or wrcath'd, and Ibmetimes kles, and jewels. The hole they gene- stockiiu.
hinging ilown to their heels. They alfo rally wear arc of filk, or cloth of fil-
tnibid their large garments with wide ver, and call'd Uvazi.
ilceves, to bring up the Tart,ir faffiion ; The nobility add to the fhirt ;wliicIiLipr<^f
which the Cbineff ilid, and do ftill hein- ferves the mean fort for a veft) a longS"""^"'-
oiifly relent. black garment, caWW Paozu, of a violet,
The Tartar habir now worn in Cbi- or other colour (with narrow fleeves,
i.jy is in fummer, a Maozti, or cap in .vhich at the end have a little turning up
tiie fhape of a cone curioufly made of like an ear) which when button'd from
lilk, or Indian canes, and cover'd with under the right arm down to the feet,
h.S'\
red horle-hair ; within it is lin'd with taf- is girt Willi a filkcn ribband call'd Tay
fety, and has a knot to bind it under the zu. Over this garment they wear the
chin. In winter they wear it of the fame Gnaylao, which is cxadlly like a bifliop's
fliapc, but of lllk quilted with cotton, rochet, but without the little hood, and
adorn'd about the edge with fine furs, with wide fleeves, and this is button'd .
-"„"• -'ill
and cover'd with fliagged filk inftead of upon the breaft. The learned wear it
hair. It is generally crimfon, and few long, ordinary people fliort, and the
wear it blew, or black At the end, or
point of it they fix a piece of amber, or
: Tartars very Ihort.
The learned, who are carry'd about Buskin;,
»!
''
n
glafs made of rice. the cities in chairs, wear bulkins of filk
\lf: When they lay mafs,ami adminifter (inftead of fhoocs) call'd Xlvezii, of fe-
the facraments, all our millioners wear a veral colours. The common fort who
black cap, with four Iquare pieces hang- walk a-foot have them of very loft lea-
ing down from it to the ears, of equal ther, with the foles full of nails, to make
len[;th, and becoming, and behind two them lall the longer, and keep out the
I.iIhIs like thole of a billiop's niitcr. This wet, for they ufe no heels. 1 he fliooos
Wu. IV. y y y y worn
358 A Voyage round the JVorld. Book II[ I Chap.
Gemci.i. worn by trailing ami inferior people, wear the wrong way, with the point irom
:irc opiii without any hiiu'.in;;, but ilolc forwards, inllcad of the hilt, and when peror
bcliincl. Tiiey arc maele ol (ilk, of ail liiey would ilraw it they give a ftrokc the k
colours, with lolcs of (lull, ami ihey are upon tiie point, which brings the hilt
no g
lmUM Both tlie gentry ami com-
//'.()'. forwariis. Firearms are
us'd but lit-
all th
n'onalty of both fexes, uli' the fan, or tle, but mulkets begin to be brought in Sf.ini(
'•iczii anii iiinbrello, as well in I'uinnicr play, byemperor's order. I11 the
tlie
reduce
as winter. iouthern provinces, by realbn of their ncr.
W.inun's 'I'iic women wear the finie t'arment, commerce with Etircpeans, tiiey have taxes,
ipp.utl.
[,„t l)uttonM before the brc.ill, ami tome lire-locks leven Ipans long, which ther
flraiier about the neck for decency, carry but a linall bullet, and are rather didric
with the other of the finie cut as nien- for plcafure, than any ute. I'hey carry Ibr
tionM above. Their fhooes liili'er from the fcourcr in the barrel, t<) that they Peking
tlie HK-n's, in that they are dole, and cannot fire upon occalion nor can they -,
empire
witli heeK. Hut their iieail-drcfs is hand- fire Handing, but llretcird out with of not
fonie, lH'i..iufe their hair i-. j;ener,illy their belly on the ground, fo relling \i recei\ i
ion;;, and black, and they anoint it witii upon a tiling like a j'/iat's horns, wiiich hits
leveral forts of oil and gums l'> order fervc to take aim by. little
it as tliey pli-d'e. On thi forehead they Tho* cannon had been long found out by l.e
make .1 rnll or bunch with a lin.dl iron in China, yet itwas not well call, nor them,
wound .dvj'.it witii lilk, whicli afterwards proportion'd ; for which realon the Tar- Naples,
ihey covu with part ot the loole hair, tar emjKror, at the beginning of his
ihining with the oil ami <;um. With reign, dcfigning to make ufe of it in his
part of the reft tliey make a roll be- wars againll the IJnth, or wellern Tar-
liintl on the pole, and whic remains is tars, causM it to be calf again and brougiit
dividcil into two locks, wiii.ii tall <;r.ice- to perfection by the iliretlion of father
lully i" m the neck, like winii,s. In the FerHejt, a Ele/nmi/ig of the Ibciety of Jc-
nortiiern
Ijehimi
and
head
t!ie
then cover
countries they wind the
without wreathin;^ it,
it with a thinp; like a
hair fus ; for which realon he has been ever
lincc a friend to the Jejuits.
is made ufe of in the
This tr.iin
field, as I obfervM
AM
luppinel
b
little difli, curioufly made of lilk, and at Peking, for on the widls of the cities loni to
cmbroider'd. In Peking they atid a black there were only a few I'mall lakers. nulling I
'h »;'.
iii'S'"' handkerchief wrapp'd round, becaufe of 'J"he C/.'inefe foidiery confills of liorfeS; , ry man
tlie violent cold. Ihc maidens, to di- divided imdcr eight llamiards, each of an provides
i
ftinguifh them from marrry'd women, hunilred thoul.iiid nun. To every Uan- particuiai
cut oti" part of their hair about tlieir dard belongs a general, who is always a into whe
forehead and neck, leaving as it were a jx.'tty king, or great lord, and is cali'd, lay it in
fringe ot it about two fingers long. general of the green llandard, of the pain, an(
I'c.iturcs I'he completion of the Chimi'i; is white, (dr. as was laid ellewiiere. There (ii i'piir, if
of tlic white, like that of the Europeans, but is a much greater number in garriion hoiil'e ; a
'bim-li\
(
they ililler in features ; becaule their along the great wall, but moll of tlieni llicted, if
mm i^rw "$
eyes are generally I'mall and liink, and
their nofe tho' fmall fomewhat flat, yet
not ciilagreeable. Their beards are fo
are Chinefe liecome Tartan, the imperial
Tarlary not being al)!e to furnifh fo great
a number of Ibidicrs. Soldiery defcends
to
licing
and of
leek
ger
I'uc
fi
thin, fome of them have not an

that from father to Ibn •, for the emperor doe? is at lead
hundred hairs, which grow on the bot- not only allow them competent pay, ac- to Ik met
tom of the ciiin, and upon the lip-, and cording to their quality, but alto rice for narrow, 1
if any happens to grow on the cheeks the wiiole family, the horle and proven- hut large
they puil it off with pincers, l"o that the der for him, without fparing, becaule all ot it varn
beard is long, but very thin. This is comes from the provinces, which pay it sold, (if
the moft certain fign to know an Euro- as tribute. The petty kings had pay It no exti
p-in among a tiioufand Chhiefe, and a allow'd them to keep twelve thouliind dreds ot c
Cbiiu'fe among as many Europeans. men, and maintain themfelves with the 'Ope wouU
Worntn. The women arc generally fair, beau- due grandeur, befidcs others they keep that fell it
tiful and more couragious than the men, at their own cx[x;nces. brought 1
who are of mean Ipirits. They value Tho' in China gold be cheap and vc- (;„;,,
that it is
themfelves much upon the fmallnels of ry good ; as well that which is taken lilur, I'he dearc
their feet (as was fliid before) and the very out of rivers at the full moon, from the"'" it, placing
old women are fo proud, that in fpight trenches made in the chatiiiels, as tliat it may be
of wrinkles in their faces, they drefs their which is brought in from tlie neighbour- As for
heads with fine tlowers ; and punifh them- ing countries ; yet they make no money pointed b
felves at that age to boafl: ot fmall feet. of it, but pal's it by weight. Tlic lame tious torn
W.Mpon:. In war the Chinrfe carry bows and ar- happens with the filver brought in by on the b
rows, and a long fciniicer, which they llrangers, cfpecially that which comes places hei
from
^00 K 111,1 Chap. IV. 0/ C H I N A. 359
iC point irom ytnurica. I'or this reafoii the em- m Pntiiigiii-jc) whidi is the tenth ]\irt ofCJEMKLi.i
v.\ whcu peror of China calls the king of Siuiin, the Tiiys ; ami by l-Hi-in, or Conilorins the ''"'^'
'-'^^''^
a ftrokc tlie king of filver ; becaulc tliere being tenth part of the M,i>. The fmall brafs
tliL- hilt no good mine of it in his ilominions, coin is lall'd /.icii [or Cb.i/'/uis) of which
but lit- all tlicy li;ive there is brought in by the lourtecn make a /•;/(•;/. Thetc C/mi/uh
juclit in Sftiiiitrih in pieces of eigiit, and is here have been brought up wit inn thclL ten
III the reduced into plates one quarter part li- years lalf pall i the CL>'m,-fc being lenli-
of thfir ner. In this they pay the emperor's l)lc ot the lols there
in cutting .i was
cy have taxes, which the Maihlannes arc to ga- bit of lilver to buy
or any thingfruit,
a;, which ther of the fubjeds within their feveral of llii.ill value. 'I'licy have a finall hoK;
•re rather (lilirit'b. All this filver remains bury'd in the midiile to firing them, riicy give
ley carry for ever in tiie emperor's tre.ifury at a tiioufmd, or eleven hundred of them
hat tiicy Ptkiii'!,, and thole of the rich men of the for a piece of eight, according as they
can tiicy empire, for the Ch'mcfe (hind in need are bi(;ger or leller in levcral provinces
3Ut with of nothing from abroael. Tiie way of of tile enijiire. 'i'hcv are niidc of rii-
rcllinfT it receiving and paying is by cutting little tiuutgu, a metal peculiar to Ch;i:.i, like
ns, which bits of lilver, and weighing tiiem in a brals, with fiiir C/.Hiirjl- char.iLters on
little llale call'd 'Tt'iig-chi. They count the one fidr, wh.icli compole the empe-
t'ound out by Lt'iiiis, or Taycs, as the Poriiigucfe call ror's name, and two on the other, ex-
,Ut
catV, nor them, which is worth fifteen Ciirliiia of prt 'Ing the name of the city, or court,
1 the Tiir- NopU's, or a noble by Ciers (or ; Mm where they arc coiii'd.
ig ot his
if
rtern
it in his
T.ir-
CHAP. IV.
v.\ lirought
ruticrals of tl.v Cliinclc.
of father
icty of Jc-
lieen ever AMong
bury'd
the Cbbiefc, the being
a thing on which
well
the
if there arc no moii'itains near, for no
man may be bury'd within the city.
This train ihcliv is
, I obfervM hajipinels of the dead, and their pollerity When they have dug the grave umler
f r'le cities fecm to depend. Hence 't is, that not grounil arch'd, ami
with plailler liii'd
akcrs. tnilling ever to their own cliildren, eve- of Paris, that the rain water may not
Is of horfes :;
ry man v;hilll living, and in health, fink through they place about it (la-
each of an provides himfelf with two things more tucs of men in a mournful polhire ; ot
every ilan- particularly ; tliat is, a collin to be put beads of feveral kinds, and other Jail-
is always a into when dead ; and a lucky place to ing ornaments, befides the large tlones,
mi is cailM, l.iy it in. An old man would live in on which is carv'd in excellent lan-
\\\, of tiic pain, and any other dies almolt in de- guage all that can be fiid in honour of the
re. Tiicre k.Sr.'. fpiir, if he had not his coffin in the dead perfon. The cotlins of great men
lin parrilon hoiil'e and the Ion would be much af-
-, are placed in large vaults, placing bclorc
ll of tiicni llic'ted, if alter his fuller's death he were them an altar of white marble, with a
Ihc imperial to lock for the itutV to m ke it, for it great marble, iron or l.itten candlcllick,
[ith fo great iK-ing generally fix or eight inches thick, ami about it other fmall ones of the
iry ilefctniis and of fucii wood
not incorruptible, as if lame Ihilf.
iiperor doe? is at lead very Killing,
is therefore hard it As ibon as the father is dcail, the Ccronm-
It pay, ac- to be met with. it mull not be Belides, Ion in a raging manner tears ilown the "''"' J"'''
Ifo rice for narrow, lb as only to hold the body ; curtains ot the bed, and with them co-'l'"'^^
d proven- hut large and Itately, and all the out fide vers tiic Liody ; then he falls ilovvn with
liccaule all of it varniih'd, carv'd, and adorn'd with his hair loofe ; and Ibon alter fends his
liich pay it gold, (if they are able) and they think fervants to the kindred ami Iricnds,
[s had pay It no extravagancy to fi)end Ibmc hun- giving them notice in writing tiiat he
thoutand dreds of crowns upon it, which in Eu- has loll his father. And becaulc the
is with the rope would coll: ten times as much, they kindred and friends lb notify'ii, arc
they keep that fell it perfwading tiicni the wood is bound to come pay the ultial cere-
to
brought from parts very remote, and monies in honour of the de.ul man,
that the mofl lafling in the world. the greatcll room is put into mourn-
Ip and
|i is taken
ve-Cuij.;.
liluMr The dearer
it is
it colls the more they value ing, that is, with mats, or wliite hem- nmk
it, placing it in their bed-chamber that pen-cloth, for that is the colour of the
from the"'"
Is, as that it may be always in fight. Chimy niour:iing. The body in the
Vighboiir- As for the fortunate place, it is ap- mean while being wrap'd up dole in
liu) money pointed by the cunning and liipcrlli- two or three pieces of extraordinary
I'l'lic lame lious fortune-tellers ; tor the moll part fine thin filk, as infants are fwath'il,
;ht in by on the bottom of mountains, or in they theti put on its richefl garment
ch comes jiiccs licmin'd in with cyprcfs-trccs, proper tor the fcalon, witlv tiic mark
ironi of
.: 'i
;
360 A Voyage round the JVorld. Book III.
GEMELiiot liis if he had .my-, then they

lifgree, or four times together to pay this honour
1696. p.jt it the i;rcat dull or cofKn \
into to the deail, after which the funeral docs
^^"V'^Jiiiid Iiaving covcr'd the bottom with a not follow prelently, but is put off for
layer of 1'inzao, and then of otiier fwcct fome months, and even to three years;
herbs over ', tiiey cover the coffin for (o long, and never Icfs, docs the
and nail it down clofe ; and that no ill mourning lall for a father, in acknow-
frent may come
through, they lloj) up ledgment for fo many years he carry'd
all the chinks with pitch, the colfin be- his (on a child in his arms. In the mean
ing alfo all pitch'd within. Being thus while the body is kept in a room, plac'd
clos'd they adorn it with liars ot gold, in honourable manner. Till it is bury'd
and placing it at the upper enil of the there paflcs not a day but the fon vilits,
urcat hall, place on it the picture of the and bows to it, keeping fome prefumc
dead pcrfon done by the life, and near before it, and olTering ii meat, which are
It a table with jTcrfumes and lights. afterwards given in ch.irity to the priells
'I"hcn it is lawful for the kindred and of the idols, who arc often call'd to pray
friends that were invited, to come in over the body.
and pay the ufual honours to the party 'lo conclude, when the body is to bcPuiurj
tiece.is'd, and an infcripticn over the bury'd, is a matter that mufl be ftrict-prociii
lioor invites all come in.
that pafs by to ly calculated, and judicially found out
'I'he fon mean while (fands in
in the by the mailers of that fcience, who ac-
inolf doUhil manner by the coffin. Ik- cording to the rules of art, chufe out
is habited in plain hempen cloth, and the moft fortunate and happy day and
has a cap of the fame on his head, hii hour heaven can point out. When that
feet wrap'd in draw, coiirl'e cotteu is fix'd, the fon again makes a folemn invi-
cloths about his ears, and two rings tation of as many as polTible he cin,
of thick rope on his fuies, the ends to attend and honour his father and him
hanging down to the ground ; and eve- and then they reiieat thofc four bowings,
ry juri of this mournful eq'.iipage has which the Chiiiefc are never tir'd with,
it; prculiar form, according to the un- nor have enough of. Then they (et our
alterable practice obferv'd. There is a in procelllon. Firfl goes a company ot
printed ritual which I have by me, drums, pipes, and fuch like inftrumcnts;
where all the formalities arc niention'd, then follow the figures of elephants,
which are proper to every degree of and tygers, and the images of men and
kindred, with the feveral qualities of women famous in their hiftory ; then
pcrfons fubjoi.n'd. As for the fon, all fightly pageants, as triumphal chariots,
the exprelfing of his forrow is not com- calUes, and banners, then
pyramids
prehended in this doleful appearance. tablets, fome
with rich perfumes on
The firft nigiit he lies clofe by the cof- them, others covcr'd with meat. Next
fin, nor docs he for a long time after lie comes a gang of pricfts in their folemn
upon any other than a plain draw bed: veftmcnts, reciting their prayers in 1
All dainties are banifh'd his table, and tone like finging. Then all the kin-
particularly all flen' Inltead of great dred and friends in filence and long;
rich chairs, he mikes ufe of poor mean mourning robes ; l.iftly, the coffin on
ones, and docs other fuch like pcnnan- a bier carry'd by twenty, thirty, or more
ces, which alter a month, begin by de- men. Behind it the fons looking ghaflly
grees to grow cafier and eafier. and poor after their late pcnnance, as if
I'lie The ceremonies the perfons invited they would fall down dead at every Hep.
friends fc- are to perform in honour of the perfon The whole funeral pomp is clos'd by
r-.-moiiics.
(jeceas'j^ are four profound bows, and the women carry'd in chairs, and tho'
as many genuflexions, and ftooping till not feen, fufficiently heard, they houl
the forehead touches the ground, burn- fo defperately. They go extreamly flow
ing ot candles, prcfumes, and fome for the more (fare, and a great way, be
gilt and filver done,
paper. This is caufe the burying places are remote from
becaufe they believe the foul in the other the cities. Being arriv'd at it, the cere-
world will have as much real gold to monies are all rcjieatcd ; fweets, burnt
pay its debts, and gain the favour of paper, and laftly, the funeral pageanti
the guards that keep the doors ot the are burnt, and then the body is put in-
prifons under ground fo that returning ; to the grott or cave, which is clos'd up
thence, (he may come again into this with a little wall. Afterwards they ro
world, and taking a new body be born now and then to burn gilt paper, hories
again ; and if good luck attends it, be- and other creatures made cf paper or
come a learneil man, which in Cbim is filk, before the tomb fondly believ-
:
ihe highelf pitch of htnnane felicity. ing the paper is converted into money,
Jlie kiiidittd and friends ufe to meet three and the counterfeit beads into live ones,
to
lilil .-fTi
ii
^j,
Hi'-!'
^wr'i^
^1
mw.
w :in PH In
[mi
'.1|!!^^^^|
'ai
I
hi
'
I , I' I
-^-:'''
lit!
iiv*,—iâ-q
% ^,>-33g.;;vjg.;- -
;^
I
^^^
'/ •
^'iK-^'r^-
(.•^f
ivr
'y
m
I -
rl
r:*- .-^f' X
CliAP.
to li-r'
(lie til
(.f is
expciu
M'ufn- Ah
int. tlircf
tllf wi
witc ili
inoiitli-
wliatli;
lolllllL'll
I thvtnc)
cniploy
i.-.ci«mi). are iiiK
lor no
For til
gion,
iicrs w
fors, ill
ling to
to tlicm
niotc ()a
to go
isaccoun
who goi
tomb.
u gooil
tor ever
Commtmd
Tartars i
Ptirenls A
ll>n uiia 1
being Ipc
liir Maiiii
ed and 1
the end tl
be obftru
king a \a
tombs, li
I.Ml,,
burnt, am
Pi-kiiig, tl
there pert
\Mvm I'rom
]ii:iihc their pare
Ikiri,
other dut
blet in ti
tlie names
•Hul great
iliejr burn
»\ thofc I
trees pouni
til'-" lather
i:; taken ai
iM his place,
generation.
chrirtians c
produced i
tilers ot th
tain this ni
licks, as a
liieir anccll
ot the clerj
•v'w lay it
Vol. I\
ClfAP. IV. 01 C H 1 N A. 361
to fcrvc tilt ilr.ul jicrfon 1 .iml therefore lovv'd (o rhiilliaiKi a dillcrenic not yftî»^<lll,|
Inn with "''''•
the fri^n^l^ prtlciit tlir rDoiity dctiiltil by the holy lonjic.îtKin to
(,!•. ji u.M in WLdiliii[:^sj to iltlray thl^ whiih it has been retcri'il.
'.y\r\J
expcncc. It is .illi) the lultunt in (Uiiii.i to rrn'l Tcr^plm
A» the fonn are to wr.ir niourniny a temple (or the whole (imilyi but this'^j •
Mi- three years (or a father's diMili, lo .irl- tan only be done by (bme perlbn of
the wives (or their huilMiul ; but il the note, as a MouLinne o( the (aiiuly.
witc ilie» the moiirnint; is but (or three J hole that have I'ueh a P.igo.t, plau' the
months. No pcrl'on o( any concliiion tablet with the ilead man's name there,
whatlocver exempt (Voni tliis duty in
is i to pay him their veneration, 'i he year-
loiniich that when tiie parents of Mm- ly i.u.rilue all perlbns are ol)lig'd to of-
ihiniici ilie, they arc obliuM to quit liiLir fer to their ancellors, is ililleiciuly ui'd,
employ nicntb, as wis (aid iK'lore. ai cording to the quality o( the perfons (
Il(i,yrti) Thi. is the main cauli- why ilrangers (or tile emperor facrifices to (even of
tieiuiiii) jrc uiulervahiM by the Cbttiffe \ as alio his predeiellors, the petty kings to five,
(or not propagating their (athcr's race. AfanJiiriius to three, and private per-
I'or this realon upon dilputes of r'-li lbns only to (.ither and gr.ind-(,ither.
gion, they have upl)raii.lcd our niilllo- The emperor ules to iionour perlbns of
ncrs with incratituile to ihtir prcdeccl- qu.dity at tiie lieath of their parents,
fors, in torlauing their tombs, and omit- wiiting two letters, which comprehend
ting perform the due ai^'ts of piety

to tlie virtues of the party d'.'i c.is'vl, and
to them yearly, by going into fuch re- thel'e are placed in tlie tomb ; an ho-
mote parts. In CImiiu it is not allow'd nour he bcllow'il at the licath o( the
to go out of the empire, and the Ion (.ithers /Idiimiis an^l /V; /'.•.;,.', of the [o-
is accounted inf.imous, ami callM Puxytw, ckty of 'Jej'ns, and prcfidents ol the court
who goes away and leaves his (.ither's of matlicmaticks in Peling.
tomb. The f.ithers miflioneis found In thtic facrifices they flaiightcr cows, Sjctificcs.
a good anfwer to (lop their mouths fwine, goats, fowl, and otiier things,
(or ever laying, Thfy went ibitbtr by
•, which are kimlred and
eaten by the
Command to jerve God \ and tbal as the friends, on mountain where
the Lnc
Tartars were not undutifut in leaving their the tomb is. But il be a fimily that
Piirenls to come into China, fo neither were has a Pdgod of its own, the lleward of
they who came to propagate Religion. Tiiis the revenue belonging to it, is at all the
being Ipoken in the prcfence of a Tar- charge. There an; always people in the
tar Mandarine, the fathers were applaud- Pagods, calling lotts after a fuperditious
ed and (liid to be in the right. 'I"o manner, with certain flicks made for
the end the emperor's fcrvice might not that purpofe 1 and if the lott comes not
be obftruded by his Tartar Ibldiers ta- up the firft or fecond time to their mind,
king a fancy to Ihiy by their parents they endeavour to appeafe the idol witii
tombs, he order'd the bodies to be prayers, and facrifices of meat ready
burnt, anil their afhes to be brought to drel.s'd, fowl, bread, wine and other
Peking, that their ceremonies might be things. Ac length they call fo long till
there pcrlorni'd. they hit a lotc to plcaie them, and then
Hoai'BM From this rcfpeift children pay to thinking they are in favour with the idol,
iwihc their parents ader death, proceeds an- they burn, by way of ihankfgiving, gik
tari.
Qji^p^ duty, which is of keeping a ta- pajier, and go home well pleas'd, eating
blet in the houfe, on which are writ merrily with their
the a(bre(aici tilings
the names of the father, grand-father, kindred and (Viends.
^-M
.hk! great grand-father, before which For the better undcrflanding of this
burn fcveral perfumes, and Come
tliey chapter, I have thought fit to infert the
of thofe ropes made of the barks of cut repreprefenting the funeral pomp of
trees poundeii, belbrc-mention'd. When a poor Chinefe, which I (aw at Canton.
UK lather dies the great grand-father
1:- taken away, the father fucceeding in See Cut Number II. Pag. 361.
his j)lace, and fo from generation to
generation. This culloin the Chinefe yf. mourning.
F.nfigns of
chrirtians cannot be broke of, which has B. Banners of filk, or paper of (eve-
produced a hoc contell between the faral colours.
thers of the Ibciety of Jefus, who main- C. Chinefe drums of two round brafs
tain this may be tolerated among catho- plates.
licks, as a mere a<5l of civil worOiip to D. A cenfor to burn perfumes.
[acir anccflors ; and the French mifTioner!: E. Offerings of eatables, which are
ot the clergy, the Dominicans and ozIk. a, afterwards given in alms to the Bon-
•.\'io fay it is idolatry, and not to be al- zes that attend the dead body.
Voi. IV. Z z z 7. F. Chi'
\m
; ;
3<5i ji Voyage round the World, Book III, I Chap

GEMtLtl F. Ch'mefe trumpets. thick rope, with ftraw wrap'd about
1696.
G. Aninftrumcnt of nine little pie- their feet, and courfe rags about
ces of latten, which they play up- their ears.
dn harmonioully with a little ham- P. Country-women related to the dead
mer, perfon, who ought to be carry'd
H. Other inftruments. cover'd between curtains on men's
/. Several forts of banners. fhoulders, according to the cuftom
i. A tabernacle in which they carry but arc here rcprelented uncover'd
th<r tablet, bn which are written the to (hew their habit.
names of the father, grand-father, f9. Bonzes attending the dead body,
and great grand-father. playing on ieveral inftruments, ai,d
j*f. Paper to be burnt upon the fond among the reft one like a little organ.
belief, that thofe which are gilt turn R, Friends clad in white, that is, in
to gold, and the filver'd into filver, mourning.
to fcrve the dead pcrfon in the other S, The tomb on the mountain, whi-
world. ther the body is carry'd to be bury'd.
N. The bier with the coffin in which T. The antient Chinefe habit.
is the dead body. U. Extravagant garment of the guar-
0. T!ie dead perfons neareft relations, dian of the houfe, who is painted
clad in fackcloath, and girt with a on all the doors of the Chinefe,
CHAP. V.
Of the great plenty of all 'Things, and Temperament of thi Air in China.
[Avigation and the ^cnty of all forts means come to be vice-roys, or Manda-
N'
_
dom,
_ of commodities found in a king-
arc certainly tlie two iburccs of
rines
felves,
of provinces,
receive prefents
to reimburic thcm-
from the prefi-
trade. China has thefe two in fuch a de- dents of their from prefi-
cities, thefe
gree, that no kingdom can equal, much dents of towns and boroughs and all -,
Plenty of jgf, exceed it. The quantity of gold is fo of them grow rich upon the fpoils of
""^ provinces, tnat inftead of Hence comes the com-
great in all its the poor people.
fUv'^
being converted into coin, it is made mon proverb in China, That the Kin^,
r.JI
P 1111,7. >UÎ.:ii.k.
fH? -li^lMlBI^B!: 1^
^^y a commodity. Hence came the pro-
verb much us'd at Macab. Silver is the
without knowing any thing of it, expnjes
his People Ic as viany Butchers, Murder-
Blood, and Gold is a Commodity. As for ers, Dogs, and hungry fVolves, as he cre-
filver, their avarice and induilry in ga- atesnew M.indarines to govern them.
4W mMmw
M
mMm
•
^ i;i'jf
'-:
thering of it, areas antient as the em^)irc,
and therefore the quantity the Chinefe
have gather'd muft needs be prodigious
There is certainly no vice-roy, or
of provinces, who after
years in his employment, does not carry
he has been three
vifitor
for all that once comes into the country nome fix or feven hundred thoufand, and
.'^fîa'"; -ill ;;,';;.
can never go out again, the laws that fometimes a million of crowns. By this
prohibit it are fo fevcre. It is rare in it appears, that tho' in regard of the

Europe to maitc prefents of five hundred natural inclination, and infatiable ava-
or one thoufand crowns, but In China it rice of that nation, there be but litde
is common to make them of one thou- filver in China ; yet confidering its
find, ten, twenty, thirty, and forty wealth in it fcif, there is no kingdom
thoufiind, particularly at court many mil- can cope with it.
lions are fpent in gifts. This happens There are in China abundance of cop-,, '
becaufe there is no prefidentfhip of any per, iron, andtirt mines, and of all other
city, but cofts feveral thoufand crowns, metals but moft of the copper, and
;
and fometimes twenty, or thirty thou- therefore they caft fo many guns, fuch
fand and other inferior imployments pro- ribundance or ft.itues, and velTcls of feve-
Bribery, portionabiy. He that will be vice-roy of ral forts. There is no memory that ever
a prov-nce, m»ift, before he is put in pof- paper money was us'd there, as Marcus
feftion pay thirty or forty thoufind and Polus writ ; but only feveral ages finer,
fometimes fixty or feventy thoufand ; not the emperor paid his foldiers half in mo-
that the emperor receives the money, or ney, and half in notes, call'd Chao, which
knov's .my tiling of it but becaufe the
-, afterwards returh'd to the emperor.
govcrnours of the empire, the Kolaos, The filk and white wax of^ China aresii
or counfellors of ftate, and the fix fove- two things that deferve to be taken no-
reign courts in Peking, fell all employ- tice of. The firfl of tiiem is the beft in
ments under-hand. They who by tlicfc the world, and there is fuch plenty of
it,
ôoK III. I Chap. V. Of CHINA. 363
it, that the antients cali'd China the king- themlelves there, they gnaw, pierce, and GfMULn
dom of lilic. The moderns find this by bore to the very pith, and their nou- '^^•
experience, becaufe feveral nations ot rifhment they convert into wax as white '"'^'^
Europe, Afia and America, carry thence as fnow, which they drive out to the
a valt quantity every year both wrought mouth of the hole they have made,
and raw, in luch a multitude of caravans where it remains congeai'd in drops by
and Hiips that it is wonderful. Befides the wind, and cold. Then the owners
it is an incredible quantity of plain filks of the trees gather it, and make it into
and others wrought with gold and filver, takes as we do, which are fold all about
that is confum'd within the country it C/jina.
felf. The emperor, petty kings, princes, The Cbinefe ufe fome little wool, on- Wool,
and great men, with all their lervants ly in blankets for beds; for in their
even to footmen the Mandarines, eu-
', cloaths, the commonalty wcar cotton
nuchs, learned men, citizens, almoft all quilted with the fame ; and the nobility
the women, and the fourth part of the in winter line theirs with feveral forts
red ot mankind, wear filk upper and un- of furs of great value, wliich is alio
der garments. In fine, the great plenty us'd by the women, efpecially in the
may be conceiv'd by the three hundred northern provinces and court of Peking.
and leventy five boats, fent by only the When the emperor appears in publirk,Fur,,
two provinces of Nanking and Cbeking in tlie royal hall (which is done
four
every year to court loaded with all forts of times a month) the four thoiifmd Man-
wrought filk ; befides the rich and coftly darines, who come to pay their rclpcfts
garments for the emperor, emprefs, the t.T him, are all covcr'd from head to
princes their children, and all the court foot with codly fibles. Generally all
ladies. To which mud be added the the Chinrfe do not only line their boots,
great quantity the provinces pay the em- and caps, but even their faddles, their
peror every year as well wrought as raw, benches, chairs and tents.
by way of tribute. This filk is of two The common fort that are able, doath
forts, the natural, which is cali'd Kien, themfelves in lamb-fkins, and the poorer
and the artificial. The natural is made fort in flieep-fkins,
fo that there is no
by worms in the fields and upon trees, bodv in Peking in winter, but what then
which they gather and fpin, but it is not is clad in fkins, and fome of them are
fo good. The artificial is made after the fo rich that they cod two, three, or four
fame manner as in Europe ; feeding the hundred crowns.
worms with mulberry leaves for forty As for flelh, fifli, fruit, and other Pr"!-
days. The bell is that of Nanking and provifions, enough to diy they have ''°"
it is •
Cheking. I have of both forts. all forts we have in Europe, and

thofe
\V;l. As for the wax andit is the fincft many more that wc have not \ and the
whiteft that may and
be, tho' of bees •, plenty appears by the fmall price they
there is fuch plenty as fcrves the whole bear. TheCbitiefe language, as alfo
empire. Several provinces produce ir, their writing being very Laconick j they
but that of Huqitam exceeds all the exprefs almod all thefe things with fix
others, as well in quantity, as whiteneft. letters, or fyllables. The two fird are
It is gather'd in the province of Xan- U'co, fignifying the five principal forts
luiig upon little trees ; but in that of of grain, that is, rice, wheat, oats,
fJuquam upon large ones, as big as thofe millet, peafe and beans ; to which may
of the Indian Pagods, or chefnut-trees be added feveral forts of pulfe as kid- -,
in Europe. Tlie way nature has found ney-beans, fitches, and tares. Two
to produce it, to us appears ftrange others are Lo-bio, exprefTmg fix forts of
enough. There is in this province a flefli of tame cattle, which are the horfe,
creature, or of the bignefs of a

infeft the ox, the hog (whith is wonderful
Ilea, it not on-
fo fharp at dinging, that good) the dog, the mult, and the goat.
ly pierces the flcins of men and beads, The two lad are Pi-qUo, fignifying an
luit the boughs and bodies of trees. hundred forts of fruit ; as pears (and
f hofe of the province of Xantung are among the red one pnlrticular fort cali'd
muci) valu'd ; where the inhabitants ga- Gogavas) apples, medlafrs, a fort of foft
ther their eggs from the trees, and carry apples, peaches,
grapes, oranges, wal-
them to fell in the province of Huquam. nuts, chefnuts,
pomegranates, citrons,
Ill the fpring, there come from thefe eggs lemmons, another (brt of apples they
aita'm worms, which about the begin- have in Ilaly, but the author fays thofe
ning of tlie fummcr they place at the in China are not fo good, pine-apples,
foot of the tree, whence they creep pidachoes, and others.
up, fpre.iding themfclves wonderfully There are feVtral forts peculiar to
over all the branche?. Having placed the country, as Indian figs. Ananas,
and
;;
3<^4- A Voyage round the pôrld. Book III.
GEMELLiantl others common to /ifia elfewhere when the leaves turn it green. There
i6g6. One they call /''ivas, alto- fuch variety, and lb many Ibrts of
delcrib'd. is is tins
'-^"^''^' and the ditference of its virtue,
get her peculiar to Cbimi ; wlicn ripe it is herb,
yellow as to colour, as to taile fwcet that there is Ibme of it fold for about
and lower, but only tlic juice of it is ten pence a pound, and fome for ten
fwallow'd. There arc alio three other /hillings. One Ibrt makes the water of
fruits of a mod excellent talle. One a gold colour, another green ; and as
call'd or Lichif (by the Porlu-
Naiihi, for the talle, ibme make it bitter. The
vîieji Lichias) fhap'd like, anil as big as bell is very dear.
of it The Cbinefe at-
a walnut, with a thin rind like the tribute to this herb, that neither the
it
llale of a fifli. Before it is ri[)e it is gout, nor llone arc known in t'.eir em-
green, and when ri^x: liraws towards \ pire. They fay, that taken alter din-
carnation, the tafte delicious, and fo ner, k prevents indigellion, ami takfi
much priz'd by the Chbny, that they away all crudities from the llomach ;
keep it dry. The tree is as high as a it helps concoftion, prevents drunken-
pear-tree. The iecond (by the Portti- nefs, hindering the fumes of wine to fly
Lungans) is fweet and round
f^tity cail'd up to the head ; takes away all the un-
like the Licbia, but of a grecnilh colour. cafinefs ot a furfeit, drying up, and ex-
The tree is very thick ot leaves, and pelling all fupcrRuous humours ; and
bears the fruit like bunches ot grapes helps iludious peribns that defire to
but frelh {rather'd and dry it is admira- watch. The plant and leaf may be feen
ble plealant. The third, cail'd Sc)zu, in the cur.
is a in fhape and colour like an
fruit There rhubarb in China, efpe-Rfc,î
is alfo
orange, but with a thin fmooth rind cially in the provincesof Suchuen, Xe)if\,
its talte molt lufcious, ami has little and in the country about Sochicu, a city
kernels withia it like piftachocs. It is not far diitant from the great wall.
eaten green, arid dry candy'd Init care •, This plant grows in moill places, and
muft be taken not to eat any crabs after upon fort of reddifli ground.
II The
it, for that would caufe mod dangerous leaves arc generally two fpans long,
fluxes. The Spaniards, when they re- downy, and narrow at bottom. The
turn from Manila to Neiv-Spaiu, carry item riles a foot, and bears flowers
confiderahic quantities of them candy'd. like large violets, which prefs'd, yield a
The tree and its leaves are like our whitifli juice, ot a noilbmc unpleafant
cherry-tree. They will all three be fcent. 'J'he root i« fometimes three
better conceiv'd by the figures here an- foot long, and as thicK as a man's arm ;
nex'd. within it is yellow, with fome reddith
'7>j, or The herb Tea, or Chin, lieing the veins, from whii:h flows a vifcous juice,
Chia. rnolf valu'd drink among the China'e, as of a yellow, inclining to red. The time
chocolate is among the Spauinrdi be- ; of gathering it is all winter till Ma),
WIIMisS caufe there where they do noc

is no vifit
ufe a great quantity of it, we will there-

before the leaves bud out ; becaufe in
fummer it is light, and porous, and
fore fay 'bmething of it. Tho' it h.is without that vifcous juice, wherein its
the name of an herb, yet the leaves virtue confifts. When gather'd they
are gather'd from little trees, which are take away the beards, and cut it into
not of equal value in every province, but bits, which they lay on a board, and
that is bell which grows in the province turn three or four limes a day, that
ot CbekiHg, in the territory of the they may but fuck in their
not lofe,
city Ilochikeu. In fummer they bear a juice. Four or
days after they five
flower, that has a pretty fcCnt, but the firing them, to dry in the wind, in a
leaves be carefully gather'd in
muft: place where they may rot be expos'd to
winter. I'irlt they are a lirric heated the fun, becaufe experience has fhewn,
in a caldron over a gci.tlc fire ; then that makes them lofe their virtue. This
they are laid upon a fine mat, and turn'd root when frefh is bitter in the highctt
with the hands; then they are fet ov.r degree. Tlie Cbinefe call it laybuam,
the fire again till they are thorough dry, that is, yellow enougli.
and laltly they are put into wooden, or China, the melons of all forts arejij.i,
In
tin vetfels, that they may not evapo- extraordinary good, as are the poinpiy,.
rate, and be preferv'd from moilhire. ons, cucumbers, turnips, and radithesi
When they would make ufe of it, rhcy rherc is no want of good coleworts,
put it into a pot, and pour boiling wa- fennel, onions, garlicks, finallage, bor-
ter over it, which extends, and makes rage, and other herbs we have in Eu-
as
them green as they were at firff, and rope; but thofe that are peculiar to them
the water takes a pleafant fcent, and a are more |.lcntiful and better. One is
taflc that is not diiagrecable, cipecially cail'd Linchio, which grows near the
•d
water
vl
; ;;
w y
>
ioOK III.
Chap. V. 0/ C H I N A. 36^
There
water, and produces a fort of fruit with and all the reft of the body black. TheGtMEi.M
IS of tins
virtue, two horns, tender enough, and taftes Martinbo, as the Portiigiiefe call him, is '696
about like an almond. An herb they call Pez- another bird to be kept in a cage, of^-^"^''"^
)r
zay, is very liivoury boil'd. There arc which we have fpokc in the third volume.
tor ten
alio Potatoes, and other nourilhing roots. All that vaft traft of land (as lies Ddiri'mf-
water of
As for flowers there are abundance, under fo many degrees, we laid in ano-ncisoi the
; and as Flowers.
er. The and very beautiful, efpecially Tubcrojes. ther place Cbhia extended to) for thc'-'"""'^)'-
'bincfi at-
Of our forts they have gillinowers, ro- pleafantnefs of the foil, the plenty of
fes jafmin, and others. Thofe peculiar fruit, and excellent improvement, looks
:ither the
to the country are more for fhew than like one continu'd garden. This falls
t'.eir em-
ilin- fcent, and they fet them between the out fo becaufe none of it lies under the
ilter
\nd takei rows of bricks in their courts, to make torrid zone, except the extrcam parts
ftomach j fine walks. They plant them in fpring -,

of the province of Canton and yîanji,
drunken- in two months they grow a yard high, which reach beyond the tropitk. 'i'he
and lall four or five months. They arc reft is all within the lower half of the
ine to fly
of leveral forts, but the bell call'il Ki- temperate zone ; yet fo as in the pro-
11 the un-
and cx- qtioii, and Laujhiajz. The firft is like a vinces of Peking and S:iai:j! they enjoy
),
urs and velvet in feveral fhapes and colours all thofe advantages the moll northern
i
defire to the fecond is not properly a flower, countries abound

in ; for the winter
lay be iceu but the lafl: leafs on the top of the lafls much
longer than is ufual in b.ue
plant are lb varioufly and beautifully co- forty degrees of latitude. Wh.;i by
lour'd, that tliey arc valu'd beyond any the extremity of the cold, and the na-
hina, efpe- Rhul.::
flower. ture of the water, from the midille of
ueti, Xenfi,
.r.^jof "^ game is plentiful enough,
-^'l ''"''^ November, the ice is fo thick and (trong,
ncu, a city
wail. aiis. efpecially about the court in the three on the rivers and lakes, that it bears
;reat
and winter-months ; and accordingly in fe- horfes and carts, and does .lot thaw
)laccs,
jnd. Tlie veral markets defign'd for this purpofe, till after I-ebrnary. Thus China aj far as
lans long, there are rows, two mufket fhots in may be advantagious to it, enjoys all
The length, of feveral forts of four-footed and the climates, without the bar-
feveral
torn.
flowers winged creatures Handing upon their barity of the one extreme, or the too
ars
;'d, yield a feet fo hard frozen, that it preferves much luxury of the other. It is not all
unpleafant them from corruption. There are three plain, nor all mountainous but part •,
imes three fpecies of bears ; the firft call'd by the one, part the other, in fuch proportion
Ch'wefe Gin-Hium, that is, man-bear as is no lefs beautiful than profitable.
nan's arm
)me reddilh the fecond Keu-Hium, dog-bear ; and For the moft; part there are moft u<.lighc-
fcous juice. the third Cbu-Ilium, or hog-bear, be- ful fmall every where t'll'd 5 tlio'
hills,
The time caufe of fome fuch relemblancc in the there are /fppenmnes, or vaft mountains
till Ma), head and paws. Bears feet well drefs'd, in every province ; and groves of ex-
r
becaufe in are muchvalu'il in \.\\c Cbinefc ic\W.i ; and cellent trees, for the fineft carving, and
|orous, and rhcir fat is a great dainty among the for the common
of building.
ufe Yet
wherein its
Tartars, who eat it raw, mix'd with ho- the beft part of the mountains is till'd ;
:her'd they ney. There is alio great plenty of all for the Chinefe being all intent upon
other forts of wild hearts ; as feveral fpe- tillage, level the fteep parts, and make
cut it into
|board, and cies of deer, red and fallow, tygers, fields to fow nor do they want for
-,
. day, that wild boars, elks, leopards, rabbits, wild inventions and engines to convey the
[ck in their cats, and rats, and others. water up to the ôps of mountains, or
'' As for wild-fowl, there is 1 prodigi- other places that want it with eafe.
after they
wind, in a ous quantity of pheafants (as there is al- Ihefe mountains are moft delightful to
expos'd to io in Tartan) they being fold for five behold at a diftancc, being all cut as it
arains of Naples money a-piece, partrid- were in ftcps from the bottom to the
has fticwn,
lirtue. TliU ges, gecfe, cranes, and ducks.
quails, top. As for planes, there are fome fo
tiie highcll There daws very remarkable for
are large, that to fhew their extent it is
laybuam, their 1 for whereas all others
feathers enough to fay, there is one that reaches
are black, thofe in China have white from Nanking to Peking, for feveral hun-
all forts are Hc^ hrcalb and necks. But they are not dred miles, without one foot of land
the jioinpi-y. good to cat. In finging, the Cbinefe night- either barren by nature, or for want of
I
lid radithesi ingal out-docs ours in Europe, and the improvement. The innumerable mul-
coleworts, 6',. ..r'j birds ; its note is fo harmonious, titude of people forwards this work ;
lallage, bor- Iweet, and loud, and it runs fuch di- to maintain whom, all the produd of
Tavc in £h- vifions, as if it had learnt to fing. It fb vaft a country fo well improv'd is
lliar to them IS three times as big as ours,

but of the little enough. And it is fo fruitful na-
ler. One is l.inic colour
i An other
they call it Sayu. turally, that there are two harvefts in
Is near the bird call'd Sjiixo lings well enough. It a year ; and whilft they reap they fow
water Ins two white round fpots under the eyes, again. Yet the land docs not wear out,
Vol.. IV. A a a a a but
;
366 A Voyage round the World. Book IU i Chap.

Gbmblli but grows more fruitful, and yielils times there blows fuch a peiîlential wind,
1696. plentiful crops; inlbniucl), that among that it dertroys very many but they -,
(-/^"'NJthe rcil itof tiie province of Sci-

is iaiii have a powerful antidote to Iccure them-
anliing. That one year's good harycll felves againft it v which is, certain rings
will keep it ten years, and longer. This of Tumbaga, worn by the Purtuguefe of
makes it iccm very (Irange to the Cbi- Macao ; becaufc that city is fubjcdt to
tiefe, to hear that our land
producing but thofe winds, as is Manila, and Vera-cruz,
once a year grows barren ; and much in Ndw-Spain, and therefore the Spaniards
more, that we mail let it lie fallow a value thefe rings, and buy them very
year to recover it felf. dear. Ihis tumbaga is made of many

Wholf- Tho' China be water'd by abundatice metals run together, that is, gold the
rivers, and and fupply'd with
canals, 1 6th part of an ounce, copper, Tutuna-
fome an of
tnany lakes and pools yet the air is -, ga found in China, the fame quantity ;
generally very healthy, and their feafons and filings of leel, the fixth part, of
arc as regular as in Europe. The nor- the eighth part of an ounce. Great
thern provinces are extream cold, the care muft be taken in making the ring,
fouthern hot, the others temperate. 'Tis bccaufe it is very apt to break.
true, that in the fouthern parts at fome
CHAP. VI.
I'hc Original of the Eajlern Tartars, their Settlement in the "Throne of China,
and the fFan that enfu'd thereupon in tlx Empire.
The oni- "'HE original of thefe princes is fo ward, beyond 'Japan, and contains the
oblcure, that whofoever his under- countries of Niuche, welt of Corea
[iciligree.
take,! to give an account of it, lias run Niulhan, north of Niucbe ; Tiipy, eaft 0*
into fables. They had tiieir beginning Niuche ; the country of i'efo, north call
in this age,from a fmall head of a hord, of Japan, and eaft of Tupy. Thefe coun-
or captain of out-laws, or wandring Tar- tries poor, and ill peopled ; there
are
tars, whole name was Ticn-mim on ; being them, only two or three little
in
whom, as hitlorians write, the emperor cities, and all the reft wild, cither woods,
Van-lie bellow'd the government of the or mountains. Yet thefe Tartars are
valley of Monchcu, and the adjacent fear'd when they are united, bccaufe they
parts, upon condition he Ihould defend are hardy, as lieing born in a fliarp cli-
it againft the eaftern Tartars, who were mate, and us'd to be always on horl'c-
divided into feven fmall principalities. back, either for hunting, or war. They
Tien-mim dying, in the year i6.',8, his made themfelves known by their incur-
fon Tien-cutn, continu'd the war till his fions into China, above two hundred
death, which was in 1634. Cvm-te fon years before the birth of Chrift, but in
to Tten-cum, being call'd in by the Chi- the twelfth century, they pofTefs'd them-
vefc to their afliftance, almoft compleat- felves of the provinces of Leaotung, Pe-
cd the conqueft of China ; but dy'd in king, Xenft,and Xantung. The predc-
1 644 before he was fettled in the poflef- ceffbrs of the Tartar prince now reign-
fion. His fon Xun-cbi, at fix years of ing in China, were lb far from ever be-
age, was rcceiv'd as emperor at Peking, ing mafters of the eaftern Tartar^, that
and dy'd in 1 662, leaving for li!: fuccef- they were never lords of the country of
fbr, his fon Cam-bi, who now reigns. Niuche for as has been faid, there were
;
''"7 Before we give an account how thefe feven feveral princes. And father Ada-
princes obtain'd the crown of China, it tnus writes, that Tten-cum, great grand-
is to be obferv'd, that Tartary (which father to the emperor now reigning, when
contains all the north part of Jfta) is he entred Chitui, had but eight rhoufand
by the Chinefe divided into the eaflern foJdiers ; which afterwards fuddenly in-
and weftern. The inhabitants of them creas'd,the reft of the eaftern Tartars
both, for the moft part, live wandring running in to him, and an innumerable
up and down with their cattle, and in multitude of the weftern -, being all al-
tents but the weflern are without all

; lur'd, rather by the ftore of booty, than
comparifon the moft powerful, polTef- the fame of his viftories.
'lip
ling all the country lying between the Having promis'd thus nnicli, it re-Grw:
mis'f.
furtheft part of the province of Peking, mains now how
the eaftcni ff/r- btl'it'
to (hew
and the frontiers of the Mogul, Perfia, tars pofTefs'd themfelves of the empire
and MufcoVj. The caflern '/sr/^^ry reach- of China, which was thus. Durini; the
es from the province of Leaolioig eall- reign of the family Mim, the ftrengtii
',*;!
of
lili
1.
•T.
f
;
Book IuI Chap. VI. 0/ C HIN A. 367

of the empire being employ'cl, upon It- hands of tiie robbers-, but flic avoidingCtMni.T
curing tlie frontiers next to Tarlary ; the blow, and b.ing hurt in the arm, 'f-i^
eight captains of robbers, took the fell down in a fwoon. At length the em-'-'^"^''^^
field, and in a fliort time rais'd eight peror throwing a fcarf about his neck,
armies. Tiielc contending among them- hang'd himfelf, at the age of thirty fix,
felves for the fovereignty, reduc'd tiiem- and with him the empire, and all the fa-
Iclves to two, the one's name was Li, mily to the number of eighty tiiouland,
the others Chum ; who fep-irating, Cham all perifh'd by degrees. The chief Kdno
took the way of the weftcrn provin- following his example hang'd liimielf,
ces of Suchuen and lluquam, and Li of as did the emprefs and the faithful eu-
the He having fecur'd tiie
northern. nuchs. The emperor's body being fought
province of Xenji, laid ficge to the after day, was found acciden-
the next
metropolis of the province of Honan tally ; and
being carry 'd before the
ami having r.iis'd it the firft time witli ufurper fitting on the throne, was con-
jofs, return'd to it the fccond, with a temptibly us'd. The emperor's ddeli:
greater power ; and yet the befieg'd held ion being (led, he caus'd the two youn-
out bravely fix months, being brought, ger to be beheaded, and iiaving flain ail
for want of provifions, to eat man's flefli. the minilters, abanJon'd the city to tlie
At lengtli th;- emperor's army came to fury and lull of his army.
their relief, and cutting the banks of tiie Confidering the mifcrable end of this r.nrt ci-i-
river,to drown the rebels, inftead of family, it fcems to have made good the "'." '""'•
them drowned the city, and in it three flying in the book of wifdom. In tbe''>''
hundred thoufand Ibiils, at the latter end fame that he Sins, in the Jnme Jhall he be
of October 1642. In tlie mean time, Punijh'd. Becaufe from the common Ibrt
/,/' having pofTefs'd himfelf of all this it rais'd itfelf to the throne, through the
province, and that of Xenjt, lirft put to indullry of one of his fore-fathers, who
death the governours of them, and then from a mean fcrvant to the Ronzis, be-
dealt gracioufly with the people, eafing coming a captain of robbers, put dov...
them lo generoufly from taxes, that ma- the family I'veii of the weftern Tartan,
ny of tlie emperor's foldiers came to which lud rul'd eighty nine years, anc!
ferve under him.
tain
Then Li from a cap-
of robbers, took upon him the title
of emperor, and entring the province of
Peking, march'd direcfly to the court,
fet up
in the throne,
Mim, which continu'd
the family
during the reigns of twenty
one emperors, for the fpace of two hun-
dred feventy fix years, till another cap-
mm
whither he had before fent leveral trai- tain of robbers utterly dellroy'd it.
tors his confidents, to debaucli the peo- In the mean while Li, leaving a fu(H- Br.ivcryof
ple, and draw them to his party, and cient garrifon in Peking, prepar'd to give a Chniffe
was therefore fure of admittance ; as well battle to the general l/fan-quey, who had Bcncr.i!.
on account of the confiderable party he the fupreme command of the Chinefe ar-
liad within, as becaufe of the difcord my, confining of fixty thouilind men 1
lictween tiic minifters and eunuchs. In and was employ 'd in the province of Le-
Peking was a garrifon of feventy thoufand aotung, againll the Tartars. He advan-
men, and yet three days after Li came ced to attack the city, where finding
before it, the rebels opening the gates, Ufan-qiicy, who defended it bravely, he
he march'd in with three hundred thou- caus'd his father to be brought before
liind men, and took his way diredly the wall, threatning to put him to a
to the emperor's palace ; who without moll cruel death, if he did not furren-
knowing any thing of what had hap- der the city. Ufan-ques being on the
pened, was mortifying himfelf with fall- wall in that condition, knelt down and
ing, among his Bonzes. Perceiving by begg'd his father's pardon, telling him.
the fudden approach of the enemy, that He ow'd a greater Duty to his King an.i
he was betray'd on all hands, he attempt- Country than to him, and that it was bet-
ed with fix hundred armed men to rufii ter todie, than to live fubjetl to robbers.
out at the gates, and die honourably

but being forfaken by thein all, who
-, I'he father commended his fon's gene-
rous refolution ; and willingly bowing
.nm
^Mvi
lik'd not the refolution of dying, he re- his neck was put to death.
turn'd to the palace, and retiring into Ufan-qtiey to revenge the emperor's 'Tlir/.ir/
the garden, writ thefe words on the and his father's death, lent a Iblemn em-^^"'^ '"•
f.mpcror hem of his garment. My own Subjt'fls baffy to the Tartar Cum-te, with confide-
hitve betrafd me ; do with me as you think rable prefents, inviting him to march witii
provided you do not hurt my People.
fit, his army againll the ufurper ; upon con-
Then taking a dagger, he endeavour'd dition concerted between them. He flew,
to kill a ilaughter he had at womans rather than march'd witli fixty thoufind
eftatc, that fhe miffht not fall into tiic men into China, and loon caus'd the.
ficiiC
;
368 A Voyage round th World. Book Ilf.
Gemelli fiegc to be rais'J with lofs to the bc- ccfs was various in the provinces of Fo-
1696. ficgers. Li hereupon returnM to court; kien, iântung, anil âmfi ; in the
'-^^'"^ where not thinking hinifclf liife, leizing northern, they happily rcdut'd the two
the treafures, and firing the city, and pa- Cbinefe generals, IIo and Iliarn, by row-
lace, he Hed with his army into the pro- ing difcord among them.
vince of Xeiiji, always purlu'd by the In the wclkrn parts and province of
enemy. Suibuen, another famous captain of rob-
f'an-fuy In tiie mean the Tartar king
while, bers made mofl difmal havock. His
young Cum-te dy'd, having conquer'd the
after name was Cbam-bien-cbiitn, by another
Tiirt.ir
greateft part of China \ leaving a fon un- name the Nero of China, and a devil in-
emperor
der age his heir, and the government of carnate. He after ruining the provinces Anoi..,
the empire to Amavam a petty king his of Uonau, Nanking, and Kianift by hisbarb„iy
brother. The Cbinefe were in hopes that barbarity ; bent all his rage againit that"''''^''
the Tartan lo.ided with booty, would of Siubtien. The firll he (lew, was the
return home, but weve foon undecciv'd, petty king of the precedent family, with
for they coming to Peking, refus'd to go many more ; and very often for the (like
any further, faying the empire was due of one that h.id offended him, he would
to their valour. Thus the infant but fix butcher all the inhabitants of a ftreet •,
uU^ years of age, yet wifcr than could be cx- for one foldicr a body of two thoufand,
peded at that age, entred the city in and for the miltake of one phyfician, an
triumph, being receiv'd witli the ap- hundred or more of them. Of fix hun-
plaufe of the people, who placing him dred minifters he had under him, when
on the throne, laluted him emperor, their three years government was expir'd,
crying, Long live Vanfuy, Vanfuy (that he fcarce fav'd twenty, all the reft being
is ten and ten thoufand years) which is put to (everal forts of deaths, upon light
the ufual cry upon conferring the em- occafions. He flaughter'd five thoufand
pire. was the founder of this
Xun-chi eunuchs at once, becaufe one among
new imperial family, which in the Tar- them, did not call him king, but by his
tar and Cbinefe languages, is call'd Tai- own name Cham-hicn-cbum, and fo for
(bim, that is, of great purity, and be- the fault of one Bonze twenty thoufind
gan to reign in 1644. of them. He call'd together all the (lu-
Ufau-quey (who is thought to have dents out of the neighbouring provinces
flain the ufurper Li in battle) per- to be examin'd, and they being come to
ceiving too late, that to drive away the the number of eighteen thoufand into
dog, he had brought the lion into the the city, he put tliem all to death, un-
empire, receiv'd of the Tartar, the dig- iler pretence that they with their fophifti-
nity of a petty king, and the title of cal notions up the people to re-
ftirr'd
Pimji, that is, of pacifier of the welf, bellion. Hefour times condemn'd the
and had the city of Singan, metropolis fathers Bugglio and Alagalbaens to death
;-vi'
of the province of Xenfi, afTign'd him but afterwards pardon'd them, being
for his refidence. well inclin'd to the chriftian religion.
'Tdrt.ir The Tartar having fubdu'd the nor- In the year 1646, being the 3d of tlie.Mi-.
ISi|ii||':r: rakcs S'.in- them provinces, bent his thoughts and emperor Xun-chi, being to fet out for the'''-" 1
*"^' his power againfl the fouthern laying ; province of Xenfi, againft the Tartars,
fiege to the metropolis of Nanking, he caus'd all the inhabitants of the me-
where Hu-quam, nephew to Van-lie, had tropolis of Cbim-tu to be led without the
caus'd himfelf to be proclaim'd emperor. walls bound, and he riding through the
This unhappy man was taken, and car- niidfl of them, as they knelt, begging
ry'd to Peking, where he was ftrangled, mercy, ftood doubtful what he was to
together with Cum-cbim the late empe- do i and at laft order'd them to be cut
ror's eldeft fon. Nanking taken, the in pieces as rebels, and accordingly they
Tartars proceeded to the fiege of the were all butcher'd in his fight, to the
metropolis of Cbeking ; where Lovam a number of fix hundred thoufand, of which
petty king had reflis'd the title of em- number many infants were baptiz'd by
jseror. He feeing the city attack'd by the fathers of the focieiy. This done,
mx :he Tartar, 'to prevent the (laughter of he order'd his foldiers thiat every one of
his people, kneeling on the wall, fpokc them, following his example, (liould kill
tliefe words to his enemies. Do "witb his wife, as being a hindrance to their
me as yon pleafe ; I my fetf a Sa-
offer martial profefTion. He of three hundred
crifice for my People. Having ipoke thefe he had, kept only twenty maids to fervc
words, he went out and deliver'd him- three queens, and according to his or-
lelf to the Tartars, which aft of com- ders, ail the women throughout the ar-
palTion, tho' it fav'd not his life, yet it my, were put to death. At lad having
fav'd the city and inhabitants. The fuc- burnt that famous metropolis, he enrred
the
Book nil Chap. VJ. Of CHINA. \ 369
the province of Xenll \ but being tlicrc through it again, and tiiofe that wcreîMFn.i
toUi the tiiird time, th.it live fcoiits of a[)prov'd of again he paidoii'd, allow- "">''
the Tartar army appiMrM ; coming out ing them their ilegree thole that were'-''''^''"^
;
into tiie field witiiout his armour, to rejected and could not (land the tell,
know the trutii, a f.it.ii arrow from the he banilli'd with their whole families in-
enemy, ftruci< him throuj^h the heart. to Tartary. The lame fentcnce he pafs'd
His army being tiien beaten ami difpers'il, upon other people the de-
criminals, to
the people of Sucbini rcceivM the 'Var- ferts of that country, being latisfy'd their
/.,;i' joyfully as the r deliverers. chiklrcn and grand-chililren would there
Eleven almoll fuii-
provinces
l)cin<f become Tartan.
du'd. there remain'd the lour fouthern- In tl le year 1O59, Sliicfim the admiral, a grc.K
which own'd tiie emperor i'liin-lic.
nioll:, fon to h'ubolas, wlio hail continually in-pvr.uc.
Three petty kings were fenr hoin coiut felted all the coalf, committing rapine
with three ar.iiies, who lo<yii laid lie{i,e and llaughter, tho' the year before he
to the metropolis ot tlie province ut loll live iiundreil Ihips in light of A'(;)/;(/'«^,
yhiam-liiiig^ which having held out a ye.ir came now again with, three thouland to
with confiderablc lols on both lides, was belicge that [<lace, pullefiing himfelf by
at lalb taken on the 2 jtli ot Noi-embcr the way of leveral i ities and fortrelR-s -,
iO-,o. 1 le foldicrs cxtnircd their rage Lam, a young Cbinefe being governour
upon it for ten days, kiliwig two hundred lit the province. In a council of war, m
thouland citizens, i'hence the Tartar ar- the Tanur general was of o|jinion that
my reinov'd to the capital city of Sbia- the city could not be defended, as long
ckiii, where the emperor I'liinlie not as they were not lecure of the multitude
being able to refill with his fmall forces, ot citizens,and that thereiore they ought
lied to the province; of f^htmj}, and tiien all to lie put to the fword. Lam op-
to that of Ttoiaii. pos'd that inhuman method, and laid, //
The following year dy'd Amavam, tbere be no otber Kay to jacviile for tbe
tutor and unkle to the emperor, a wile; Safely of ibe City, k'.ll me firfl ; wiiich
man, belov'd by the Chinefc, and to cxprelfion mollily'd the hearts of thofe
whom his nephew ow'd the empire. I lis barbarians. 'J'he ficge had Icarce Lifted
brother a petty king afpir'd at the pro- twenty days before yîte/im's birth-day
tectorfliip, but all the great ones oppos'd came on, which all his army celebrated
iiim, alledging, That Xun-chi 'xm four- with fcafting antl fp-orts. The Tartars
••en I'ears of Jgc, and marrf.l to the laying hold of this opportunity, when
Daughter e/'''I'an-yu, Kitjg of'tbe If^cjlcni the enemies army was bury'd in lleep
Tartary ; for -Libkh reafvn be might govern and drunkeni e*"?, in the de.id of the
hlmfelf. The Cbbiefc were lb politivc night att.ick'c it with fuel, courage and
ill this matter, that hanging ''/ the en- conduct, that fcarce three thouland of
ligns employments at the palace
of their them cfcap'd to their lliips, leaving all
gvte, they declar'd they would receive the booty to the victors. I'îejitn rclbl-
them from no otiier hand but the empe- ving to rcvrngc that
mighty flaughtcr,
ror's, whereu[)on the petty king defilted. anil ami
the death of his father Nicholas
•*
Xitii-ibiw\v) w.is e.xcellently qualify'd, brethren, trcachcroully put to death by
gain tlie love ol the Cbiiiefe fliew'd the Tartars, foon alter fought their licet,
to
hinifelf familiarly to them, contrary to antl liter ar obltinatc fight ilefeated it,
finking, and burning, a great
%w
the cullom ot the aiuient emperors. I le t.iking,
of r!;
maintain'd the laws, ll.iuites, and politicks Particularly he put to death :
]\irt it.
1)1 the Cbiiie:?, altering but very little. foui thouland Tartars, and having cur f0<
1 kept up the fix fovereign courts inlli-
If off .heir ears, noles and heads, threw :ii,',';i
tiitcd above lour thouland years before, the trunks alhore. The emperor not i !iii-
but would have them be compos'd ot ablj to ])ut up this alfront, order'd all
h.\\( -Tariars and half (.V/w,; fuppretTing <"••, tl'j red that had been in the lleet to be
the other fix let up by the late family, put to deatli, becaule they ought to
ia the city of A'aiiki/ig. 1 le united the have conquer'd or dy'd for their coun-
Iword and the allowing Cbuwfe
pen, try. In the year i06i. the fimc fûe-
|ihiloloi)!iers to be governours of the /im attack'd the city ami cartle of the
uty. This wife emp-ror being lenfible, ifland Formofa, then well garrifon'd Ly
ih.u tlv Hifety or ruin of the rtale de- the DiiUb who had taken it from the
(icnded upon the linccre and uncorrupt both by iea and land. After
Sfiiiiiarils
'xainiiuion of ti.e learned ; and being a of four months, the belieg'd op-
liege
inlonn'd that fome had bought the prefs'd by famine, and difappointed of
'X.uniners votes with gold, he put thir- all relief, furrendred all the illanii to
tv fix of them to death ; and ordcrM Z'."'J""i
^^'''° '"'"t there the feat of iiis
tiinfe that had been examin'd to go empire. This conqueft m.idc him fo
Vol. IV. B b b b b haughty
; '
570 A Voyage round the IVorhl Book \\\m. Chap.

haughty and bold, th«t he had the con-
CitMf III was Cbin-chilum, whom out of a jealous habit
'ôh tidcncc to fend father Viltorio Ricclo, a policy he honour'd with the title of a ting
'-^^'"^ Drmimcnv milTioncr, his embadiidor to count. one (
the governor of Manila, to demand of hini Whilft the empire of Chin* wa.s thujc; fled
a yearly tribute, or clfe he v/ould lay a confum'd with intcftinc wars, and U-mii, ii he
bridge of boats from the ifland Formont bour'il umler the fortunate fuccefles ol'' •
deip..
to Manila to fubdue it. This ftruck fuch the Trtr/ar arms ; the unfortunate empe-'^'^ to W£
a terror into the governor and all the city, ror Ttim-lic withilrew into tlie kingdom of times
fhat holding a council to confuler what Mien-qtic, commonly callM Pegu. The did n(
.infwer to return, the archbifhop v/ns of Tartar demanded iiim with threatnimr vice a
opinion the bletlcd facrament fnould be letters of that king, and having got him ror b<
expos'd. This being devoutljr perform- into his hands, immediately ftrangled him of hii
ed, the father was fent back with a refo- and all his family in the metropolis. His caus'd
lutc anfwer who no fooner arriv'd at the
-, two queens being convcv'd to Peking, has be
idand Formofa, but he found the tyrant, were civilly treated, and ft is IjcliL-v't) ILJ.Mtli.vifits.
through the juft judgments of God, had they flill continue in the catholick faith. fail hi
dy'd with rage, having firft gnaw'd of!' It was in the year 1661 that the \.\\\ be cal!
his fingers with his teeth, upon he;iring of of the late family of Mim were put to fort of
the league concluded agîinft him between death. He ha
the Tartars and the Dutch j and that the This fame year, for fortune is not al-Th-- had no
governour had difcover'd his confpiracy in ways favourable, was fatal to the empe-f^'; "i Father
the Philippine iflands, and put to death le- ror Xun-chi. He fell in love with a moft'" '
Princes
veral thoufands of Chiuffe ; as alfo that beautiful woman, and that he might en- mother'
his fon had committed incefl: with one of joy her at his full liberty, fent for her nefs of
Ills wives. husband, whom reproving for having be- Men of
To conclude the hiftory of this f mioiis hav'd himfi-If ill in his oHicc, he ftruck that hi'
family of pyrates, the reader muil undcr- him over the face, and the jwor man and tha
ftand that it began in a captain of rovers, for grief dy'd within three days. Then . . inordina
/»•
I .
, r
call'd Cbinchilum, of the province of Fo- he ^nt for the lady to court, and con- ; -•/rjf./o btmfe,
*/>«. This man firll ferv'd tiie Portugid-fr trary to cuftom, in.ade her fecond queen «'';:r. To COI
at Macao, by whom being baptiz'd, he whilll the firft was ftill living. The new years
had the n.-mc o( Nicholas given him. From wife was deliver'd of a fon, for whofe then ha
J
this beginning he grew un to be famous by birth there was extraordinary rejoycing pos'd hi;
contrafting friendfhip v ith the Spaniards but within three months the infant dy'd, night he
and Dutch, and put himfelf firft under the and foon after his mother. The empe- year of
emperor Lum-vu, and next under the Tar- ror was fo coiicern'd at this lofs, that The
tar, but both times deceitfully on both growing outragious, he would have kil- ^- palace, :
fides, fo that being created a petry king, led himleJf with a poniard, had not tiie '^'
up, bee
he was fent for to court upon filfe promi- queen mother and the eunuchs prevent- to be a'
fcs. His fon ê/tm fuccecded him in the ed him ; however he brought up an dred day
command of his n.ivy which the Tar-
*, accurfed pradlice, afterwards imitated by Cam- hi,
t.ir being jealous of, he oblig'd him by his fucceflbr, which was, that thirty was the f
letters to call his fon to him. Nicholas men by a voluntary death, fhould ap in purfu.i
writ a letter, which he deliver'd to the peafe the foul of his concubine, whom ing a cu
emperor ; and gave another, wherein he thought he fiw in a dreadful Ihape fil the flit
he ^dvis'd his fon not to come to a He cnjoyn'd nil the grear men and mi- At firft tl
barljer his confident, who betray'd him, nifters of the empire, and all the com- cd by foi
nutting it into the emperor's hands, monalty to wear three months mourn chief of I
llereupon Nicholas was put to deatii ; ing for the cmprefs, for fo he call'd her the caufe
and l-^nfim, tho' he had not fuffer'd him- after death. The funeral pomp was much pened ; f
telf to be overcome by his father's let- greater than belong'd to her. The em- nilli'd, a
ter, or the Tartars promifes, yet came peror himfelf, weeping like a child, put employm
to the miferable end we have mention'd. the afhes into a filvcr urn, as ihe had count of
<;J//fy;;«'s fon continu'd the war againft defir'd at her death. The urn was pla- habitants
the emperor, who with the afliftance of ced in a rich tomb, after the Tiiriai provinces,
the Dutch who lent twenty five fail, drove manner and abundance of rich filks
•, lions, and
liim out of the maritime places of Fohien wrought with gold and filver, were burnt try ; fo
and all Chi7ia. In 1683 he took from in the fame fiie. Two hundred thou- fitiis, ale
liim the idand Formofa, ending thither a fand crowns were diftributed among the ly level'd
powerful fieet, and corrupting the Man- poor v and two thoufand Bonzfs liing by fea al
d.nines and ^reat men of the country. for fevcral hours with ioathfome fiiper- finds hen
What kindred of his remain'd, the em- ftition. The emperor in the mean while who liv'd
peror causM to be convey'd to Peking. was fo mad, tiiat he pcrfwaded tl)c tu an edict v
where I law one of them, whofe name nuchs and maidens to take upon them the ftian relip
habit
'ID
Book lli.1 Chap. VI. Of CHINA. 371

r a iralous habit of Bouzes. He liimfclf forget- ftrineand rebellion. Fatlicr /^//((w«j, asOtMiin
titic of a ting his dignity, cloithing himlclf like head of it, was put into prifon, with '^''''
one of them, fhav'd his head, and crc- three of hk companion.*, and declar'd '^'^'^^
I was thui (7 dled within the pal;!:e, three temples guilty by fevcral courts. All the Eu-
, and la."";r ii honour of the idols he had before ropean priefts were fummon'd to court,
jcccfles deip.^'d •, befidcs going about the city and the chriftian books condemn'd to
ot''';'
latc empc-'^^
'
to worfhip, fometimes one, and fomc- the flames. In 1665, in a full council
ingdoni ot times another. Father yfdamns the Jejiiit of all the great minifters, father Ada-
^rgu. The did not fail to wait on him, but his ad- mus was condemn'd to be hang'd, and
threatniiiir vice avaii'd nothing, hccaule the empe- then to be cut in pieces ; but fcveral
ng got him ror being befidcs himfelf, after hearing (hakes ot an earthquake being on ? fud-
angled him of him, without making any anfwcr, dcn felt through the citv, according to
apolis. His caus'd him to be difmifs'd with Teti, as the cuftom of the Chine/e, all were par-
to Peking, has been faid liefore to be the cuftom of don'd but father JdaniHs aforcfaid. How-
is liclicv'd .vifits. At length, finding his ftrength ever a month aftpr, it being the king's
Ilii lloJt)),
bolick faith. fail him, he causM four great men to birth day, he was difcharg'd, and dy'd
be call'd, in whofe prclencc he made a aftcrwaiils a natural death in /liiguff at
rtat tlic h\\
were put fort of confisfTion ol his fins ; faying. Canton. In 1 666, Sony the eldeft of the
to
He had govern'd the Empire ; ibut hr
ill four itors dy'd j wheieuix>n Camhi (b-
not al-Thf!- had not paid the Refpe.1 he ought to his lemniy took upon him the government
e i»
» the empe-f^'"''i Father and Grandfather, noft excellent of the empire.

With a molt Princes ; that he had moreover JHghtcd his Another ftorm difturb'd the empire f;';i/jf/.-;i
le might en- mother's through covetunf-
advice 1 that in 167^; for Uian-qiiey, a moft power- ''''^"l! •
fcnt for her nefs of Gold he had defrauded the great ful petty king in tiic province of luti-
having be- Men of Penfions, and then fpent it idly ; nan, before tpokcn of, who indifcreetly
ir
c, lie llruck that hehad favour' d the Eunuchs too much ; brouglit the Tartars into China, being
ic jx)or man and that he had lov'd the late Emprefs fo lent for by the emperor, refus'd to go,
days. Then inordinately, that he had been iroublefome unlefs attended by eighty thoufind men.
t, and con- to himfelf and hisjiibje'/s in bemoaning her. Then ilifmifting the mefTengers, hefliook
To conclude, he Icit iiis Ton but eigiic oft" the Tartar yoke and made the Cbi-
fecond queen ;
y. The new l-PRm- years of age under their tuition j and nefekalcndar, whic h he lent to the neigh-
fr. Hil.
1, for whofc then having cloath'd himfelf, and com- bouring kings his allies, but he of Tun-
arms ; faying, I go, about mid-
pos'd his chin refus'd, and fent it to the emperor.
y rejoycing;
: infant dy'd, night he gave up the ghoft in the 24th In the mean while Ufnn-quey fuWu'd
The empe- year of his age. the three provinces of Tim-nan, Suchuen,
lis lofs, that C:rc The
Bonzes being all turn'd out of the iîiei-cheii, and almofl half that of Hu-
uld have kil- r-.'.'îra- palace,about noon the body was lock'd quam ; emperor be-
for which reafon the
had not the up, becaufe he dy'd of the fmall pox, headetl his eldeft fon, and cut in pieces
hs prcveot- to be afterwards burnt when the hun- all the rebels, having difcover'd their
jught up an dred days were expir'd. After three days confpi racy.
imitated by Camhi, then eight years of age, tho' he Two

years after, the petty kings of AMothcr
that thirty was the fecond fon, was faluted emperor Fvkien and fâutitng rebell'd, for their rebellion.
fhould ap in purfuance of his father's will ; it be- fathers dying, they put on
the Chinefe
ine, whom ing a cuftom among the Tartars to ful- cap : To which was added the new
adful (hape fil the flither's will, as didated by heaven. power of the petty king of the ifland
nen and tni- At firft the empire was peaceably govern- Formofn, fettled there after expelling the
all the com- ed by four grcit men. They caus'd tlie Dutch, as was faid before. It muft have
chief of the eunuchs 10 be beheadetl, as gone hard with the Tartar, had all thcfc
ths mourn
he call'd her the caufe of all the mifchief that had hap- been unanimous, and join'd their forces
np was much pened ; four thoudind of them were ba- to fight for the liberty of their coun-
The em- nifli'd, and one thoufand put to mean try ; but the petty king feeing himfelf
employments. It was order'd on ac- contemn'd by him of Fokicn, mov'd a-
a child, pill
as (he haii count of the many pyrats, that the in- gainft him, and got the better in levc-
habitants of all the maritime cities of fix lal encounters. In the mean while ar-
jrn was pli-
fiiri'V provinces, fhould change their Habita- mies were lent from court under the
the
jf rich filks tions, and retire nine miles into the coun- command of Tartar petty kings. An
try ; fo that the gardens, caftles, and unklc of the emperor's march'd to Hu-
were burm
cities, along the feacoaft, were aftual- quam 1 one to Cheking and Fokien ; and
ndrcd thon-
ly level'd with the ground, and all trade another to Sluantung and f^tamfi. The
among tl>«
BofTzes iiing by fea abfolutely forbid. Many thou- king of F'okien being worfted in feveral
Tvids hereupon were ftarv'd to death, encounters, and not daring to truft his
ifoiTie fiiper-
who liv'd by fifliing. In the year 1664 people any longer, fliav'd his head, and
mean whilr
nn edict was puhlifh'd againll the chri- deliver'd himfelf up to the Tartar, by
ided tlie tii-
f)on them the rti.in religion, as tcai.hing wicked do- whom he was reccivM to mercy. The
habit
petty
'
372 A Voyage round the pyorld. Book I If. BrjjAP. \

GiiMn 1,1 petty Mug of îititlu;ig, having ;i li'ls ner, but linding it in the Tartar habit,
if")'i-
title j;ivcn him by Ujun-fiu\, tli.iii lit- he left his goods to his brothers, among
^-''''V^vJlonyM to iiis dignity, tell oil' from him, whom was the emperor's loniii law. 1 lut
.vihI ck-iivcr'il hiinklt' ami the proviiRi; l.ime ye.ir the Sparajh laihers ot the ordei
to the Titrlars. The cmpcior ovn- of .St. Jki'iijIdi tntrcd (Ihina, by the
loyM at lb much fucccfs on the utli ol w.iy ot the I'l.nl-.pjuic illands, and ALuao.
'July 1^75, went to their lioiili; to xilii The liillowing ye.ir the petty king \.
the ot J\ki>{i,, and there with the

Jijiiils ot lu.kicti, who li.id vohint.irily liirren-iMi
imperial pencil writ thele two chara- dered hiinlell to Kirlais, was .it /V-
cters Kim-fic-ii, that is, to ailorc heaven, king, in th'. ce ot .dl thr [leoplc
which fignitk'S the lord ot heaven, and quartcr'd, j llelh thiowii to the
putting the inifK-rial leal to it, gave it (lugs, tor t. truclty he had us'd to- -
the lather";. The copies ot thelc tliara- wards leveral minillcrs he I'ulpected, .u
cteis, let up by the three orders ot rc- the time when he rebell'd. His bro
li^jioui men in their c hiirchcs, art look'd thers, tho' innocent, h.id their heads
upon as a tacit approbation ot the chri- cut oil •, ami thus the 'tartar without
f'^ 't
Uian religion. any oppolltion, made himlcit mailer ot
l''.l't
I'., '.•..•V
I'uiiiqiii'y dy'd in the year l')7'j, and I'aiinaii, the metiopolib ot the proviiuc.
M (ties, nis his wab proclaimM empe-
ion lluin-bna 1 he emperor Jhtm boa hanging himltlf
Imi I'M-
ror, lame year, on the icl ol iSV/i-
I'lic ot his own accord, prevented the ene-
cl.ituM
tfinbcr, about ten in the morning, a ter- mies cruelty cauling the bones of
; who
emi'crur.
rible earthquake ihouk all the city ot Ufan-qun to be taken out of the grave,
Peking, antl parts adjacent, overturning carry 'd them to Peking, and part of them,
leveral palaces and temples, with the tor a terror to others, to be let up in Ic-
llaughter of near thirty thouland people ; \eial pku cs ; the rell reduced to aflies to
and being repeated, oblig'd the emperor be wind.
fcattei'il in the The year lOSi,
and great men to live in tcr.t'. iscounted the hundredth from the begin-
Ifll^f^-'- ,:1 Inipcri.il ]n ytiniiary i6S'o, the imperial pal.ice ning of the million ol tl'.e lathers of the
sv.ii in a tew hours burnt down, which lo! icty in Ci.iiiia.
iniriit.
damage amounted to two millions and At length, iiy the flicdding of fo muchP- ::
IViiy kiiiga halt of Tasfs. Tlic lame year the pet- blood, and excrciling ot lo many cra-l--
Ill ;^v,;;/
ty of the province of .îhiiiii-lioig,
kin^j; cities, the 'tartar m the year 1682, re-
/•/rj his
tlio' llibject to the Tan.ir, being fuljn.i'1 main'd iieacetully polVels'd of all the lit'-
punilh-
iiicnt. cd, becaiifc he was of a turbulent Ipiiit, leeii provinces of that vail empire , which,
and for holding corrcl'pondence with the through intelline difcord, hail been by x
Sj'iiKKirJs and Dutch, contrary to the im- handful ot b.irbarous nun taken from ,in
perial prohibition, bcfidcs that being liip- innumerable, wile, and [lolitick nation.
ported by forty thouland foldiers, he Then Cham-Li relolving to lee the country
til •?!, -iA .
was become powerful, and llem'd to dc- ot his progenitors, and tombs ot his an-
I'lgn to dellroy Macao he was there- ; cellors, out towards the catlern Tar-
fet
fore orikr'd by the emperor, with a dc- lar\\ on the 27th of March, with the
iign to ruin him, to march with his jnince whom he had declar'd his heir,
forces ag linll the rebels, in the province three queens, fomc noblemen, and mini-
of yûimji where a great part of his
; llcrs belonging to the courts, and about
men he was forced to retire

delerting, leventy thouland foldiers. Me alfo took
ro his province. There he ended his along with him father I'crainaiul Verhieil,
days on the 9th of Oclober, the liime a FicmiJJj 'Jijiiit. Alter this he went with
year ; iuft at the time, when two mel- a greater retinue into the wcflern Tar-
I'cngers were come from the emperor to tars in the year jOS^, being the 22dof
liring him, as an honour, a haltar to his reign, carrying with him no lefs th.in
hang, or tlranj^ e himlelf with. Vet leventy thouland horfe, that floath, and
they omitted not to cut off the heads of the delights of China might not debaucli
a hundred and twelve ot his fiftion, and them, but ihey might be enur'd to hard
among them three of his brothers. This fliips and w.wlike excrcifes, with frequeiii
prince deferv'd a better fortune, being hunting, and killing of wild bcalls. Thus,
very well inclin'd to the evangelical law, partly by this terrible demonflration of
and favouring rhe milFioncrs, as has been his power, and partly by his clemency,
laid elfewhcre. Whillt they confulted bounty, and bellowing of titles, he
about confifcating his vail wealth, the brought toHy provinces in Tartary to
'laiiai thought fit to caufe the coffin of jxiy him tribute. In this fecond expe-
this petty king's father, who was not yet dition he took along with him father
iiury'd, to be open'd, to ke whether Philip Grimaldi.
the body was clad alter the Chliiefe man-
C 11 A P.
Book IU. |(;hap. VJI. 0/ C H N I A. 373
C H A P. VII.
Noble Endowments ej the Mind in Cam-hi, Emperor of China.
\Am hi, the prcfcnt cmjifror of Chi- voiiritc about him, but always govern'd*^'"""
, Ik- cm- na, is of a prrgnatit unil |)icrcing alone and therefore no man dares Ijieak \^'l,
i
'
wiT has an excellent nirniory, and a to him .iliout any bulinc Is that does not '^^
mind (o unfhaken, tl).u no misfortune helong lo him, or which he is not a(kM
can move him. All his inclinations arc ihout. I lis cullom is to inlorm himli'lt
noble, and worthy a mighty king for •, li'vcral times in private by ii.-veral people,
he is ami virtue.
a great lover of jullice when the all'air ilelerves it •, whilft ti\e
He applies himfelf equally to learning, courts make

publick fearcli into the mat-
.mil gentleman-like exercifes, to the allo- ter. BefidLS, he has an excellent memo-
nifhment of the Tartars, wiio put a great- ry to remember any thing that is pall >
er value upon his fkill, than llrength ; l() that it is very hanl to impofe upon
:
I
, ,,.;<
.'
for there is no great man that can bend liiin, but he will find it out. I.nic tn
the he makes ufe of, or manage it
bow Tho' the Chinej'e cmiicrors in all agcs'lrjuguj.
with liich eali: as he does \ as well on the ili'priv'd all foreign nations, not think-
right as left ; a-horfeback, or a-foot ; ing them worthy to have any commu-
(landing, or riding a full (peed. He al- nication with them yet Cam-hi treats ;
fo manages fire-arms better than any the amballailors of other princes gene-
European. roufly, and with throughout
afl'eiition,
J,;
Martial do not take from
exercifes all his empire, furnifhing them with all
jfckhim an mulkk, erpecially
aftcdion for neceiririi's ; is the Poiliigtiefe, Miijioviies
that of Europe, which pleafes him in its and Diitib can teftify. In like manner,
inilrunients, groumls, and method j contr.iry to the cullom of China, he fenc
and had the great affairs of the empire two emballics to the Miijijvites to con-
nllow'd him leiilire to apply himfclt to clude a peace.This has certainly l)een
karn to he would have been as
play, brought about by the Jejuili, who by
fucccfsful in it, of China. But
as in that the many rarities they li.ive prefented
him, have brought him to have fo'Pe
^•ûlilti,
the art of" governing being the chief qua-
lity of a iovereign, he employs himfelf opinion of the kingdoms of /'.'«;-ci/^fi it
every morning at fun-rifing, in giving much more by inllrui^ting him in tjr

audience to all the courts of Peking ; the arts, and convincing hiin that
fciences,
prime minifters whereof come to prefent there are learned and able men out of
him their memorials. When the matter China.
is of confequence he refers it to the coun- He has a watchful eye over his mini- To hii
cilof the Kolaoi, who are properly the fters for the impartial adminiftration of'ubjefti.
minifters of the empire, and having heard iuftice j for after choofing them by the
their he afterwards alone de-
refokition, advice of his council, he punifhes them
.• he thinks fit ; the ordinances of
crees as feverely if they do not j)erform their
-';'none of the courts or minifters, or of duty, and puts others in their places.
"'the imperial council being of no force 1 lis companion tor tiie calamities of his
,,, with his approbation. This is, becaufe fubjods is fo great, that if there happens
the government of China is fo abfolute, any dearth, he not only remits thirty
-''-'that tlie emperor has the name of Ttenzii or forty millions of taxes, but fome-
V/given him, fignifying, the fon of hea- timcs opens his granaries to relieve them.
, Vveni and Hoanti, thai is, fovereign mo- He is attended by a vaft multitude of
naich. This title would not mif-become courtiers and officers, who live upon His mo-
him, were that true which father Bartoli him, wherein he far exceeds the beft'^'^">''
writes, viz. that formerly the emperors courts in Europe. As
for his table he is
of China, fubdu'il and made tributary ferv'd in bafons of gold and lilver, ac-
an hundred and fourteen kingdoms in In- cording to the cuftom of the country ;
dia, extending their conquefts over ma- but even in this he gives a teftimony of
ny great iflands eaftward, and fouthward his modefty , for he abhors all extrava-
in the archiepelago, and as far as Bengala. gant expence in eating, (.as in cloathing)
' When Cam-hi goes out a hunting, or ftricfly obferving a fiindamental law of
» f
elfewhere, whofoever finds himfelfwrong'd the monarchy, which is, that the great
by any Mandarine, waits for him on the ones and fovereigns be free from all lux-
way, and kneels down with his petition urioulhefs. His apartments partake of
in his hand open, and he never fails to the lame modefty, for there is nothing 'W
'<%i
t!o fpeedy juftice.lie never had any fain them anfwerable to the grandeur of
VoL. IV. C c c c c fuc I'
iifi
.iiii
i5'
; I
374- A Voâyi round the JVorU. Book ml Chap.

CtMiiiilach a prince, befulcs fome painting, other!) to wait at table \ others to make lute I
ift<)6 jikling, ami pLiin filit Imnginus. Ihjws and arrows, and carry thofc th,it health
' To p;\rtic;vil.iri/c his roy.iV garincno arc lor his ule, and for the princes his where
it iJ to he obfcrvM, th.U in winter he Ions I and lalUy the molt favour'd arc up w
we.irs plain filks lin'J with liblcj, or er- ill his guards with the Mandarniei.
the at
mine upon rainy ilays he ronittinicH l htle virtues would fuffite in other At
i
h .
'
Sfliie-
put} on a woollen at other duubk-t -, n.itit)i»s to make this prince be lookMin^ the hi
times in fummer, he has a plain garment upon as a hero ; but among tjie Cbinfi\ cry t(
of rtufT made of nettles, witliout any wiicrc employments and lioiiours ari: and g
other garniture, iKlidcs a great [K-Mrl in bclbnsM on aitouiit ot learning, he form
his c\o, as is the Tartar lafliion. 'I'he would nut be aci ounted a great cm^-crcr, [irovc
tluir he is carry'd in, citncr within or it he h.id not lignali/'d liimfelt in ih^ ities,
without the palace is only like a plain f)articular, to luit with the genius ul of mi
bier of varnifli'il wood with Ibme lit- lis people. Having apply'd hinilell to vcr in
tle latten plates, and wooden carv'd- the Cbiiiij'e literature, there arc ftw the w
work gilt. All the rich furniture ot the books of ilieirs, which he has not read. moil.
horles lie rides, conlifti of iron llirrups I le has a good part of Confutius'^ works ber
gilt, and reins of yellow filk. This mo- by heart. 1 Ic taus'd them to be tranll.it- maiie
dclly has not the leaft mixture of avarice ; cd into the Tartar tongue, writing the throw
for wlicn the publick is concern'd, he gc- prefaces to them himlclt ; as alto the of art,
¥.
neroufly fpcnds millions, fcouring canals, general hillory of dina. He is skillM witliin
building bridges, and bountifully reliev- in the poetry of both languages, and demy
ing his dirtrels'd fubjcdts and ibidiers. writes them both one as well as the other. makers
i He As
nil" Uunling. is fuch a lover of hunting, that for the European fciences, father Ter- When
he fpends not only days but months in Viejl, has taught him the ufe of the chief and fcv
it every year, going once or twice into mathematical intlruments father Pereir.i -,
the mountains of Tartar). Thus he not the grounds of mufick i and father Gcr-
only diverts but prevents his
hlmfelf, bi'.'on, Euilid'% elements tranflated into
foluiers ufing themfelvcs to the ClAiuJe the Tartar language. To this purpole
courfe of lite v being lenfible that with thefe and other fathers were oblig'J to
j,?)
a handful of hardy men he has liibduM go every morning to the palace to tcadi
an infinite multitude ol efVtminate Cbi- him he fending
•, the horfes out of his
nefe; and that it is abfolutely impolTi- own liable in the morning early. Seve-
ble to maintain what he has got, if his ral months continual application made
men are debauch'-' by the lame vice. him familiar with all the necelTary, and
Therefore he hit.. .elf (to give a good ufeful propofitions of Euclid, and Archi-
. ..- Ill ',%'..' \

example to an infinite number of fbl- medes, anil their demonftrations. After
diers he takes with him a hunting) rides learning the elements he would have fa-
a whole d.iy after a wild boar, always ther Thomas teach him arithmetick, and
/hooting, till he h.is tirM fix or kw^n all that belongs
to Geometry. He de-
horfes. Sometimes he will go a great clares a great efteem for our Eurcfcm
<.'' 1 1,
way afoot, and holds on his fport, co- pradice of phyfick i and the more, be-
ver'd with duft and fweat, to the place caufc he was cur'd of an indifpofuion
defign'd, without changing doaths ; ex- by the Jefuits powder adminiftrcd to i.im
pofing himfcif feveral hours to a violent by father Fontaney. The fame curiofity
not fun, without making ufe of an um- that mov'd him to ftudy the European
brello. Amidft thefe fatigues he has no- fciences, intlin'd him to be inllrudled in
thing of dainty fare, and when reduced Ol r religion, by the fame fathers and ;
has nothing but beef, or mutton, where- he conceiv'il fo good an opinion of it,
of there is great plenty in Tartary. This that he has often faid, it will in time be
makes his followers fignalize themfclves the prevailing religion,
perceiving their prince bears a great af- Tho' it be a cuftom among the Tar- j,r
f(;iflion to thofe that imitate him, and tars, and they look upon it as a point ol"-
hates thole that love their own will. religion, to prefent their eideft daugh-^-'"''
Left the fons of the prime Tartar and tor to the emperor, who may accept of
Cbiik'fijgreat men and Mandarines who her, and keep thofe he likes i yet Cam-
ferve under the Tartar colours, fliould hi, knowing this cuftom had made hi?
give themfelves up to lloath, and luxury, predeccfTors too cfieminate, is fo far from
he puts them to tne mod painful and la- any inordinate appetite, that being em-
borious employments. Some he appoints ploy'd three or four months in hunting
to look after his dogs, to hunt with and lifhing, he never carries any women
tliem ; hawks and birds of
others to his along with him, and has fometimcs re-
prey, which they carry on their fid fus'd very beautiful ones that have been
others to get ready his meat, or Tea ; of!"cr'd him. He is fcnfible that a diiTo-
lute
Book IIll Chap. VIII. 0/ C HIN A. 375
lute life diflblvct the heart, and impairs cated under a (Iridl difcipline, obliging (>im*iii
health i and th.it rcl)ellions are frequent, theni to Ihidy all iLientes, and praililc 'f'l^'
where he that (hould lie at helm is (hut all noble cxcrcilcsi and tlio' it be tlie^-^^*'''**''
up with a crowd of women, neglcdling cullom to give the em|xrror's Ions the ti-
the atfairs ot ftate. tle of kings, when they come to fixtecn
At fomc times ol the year, bendes years of age, ami to alTign them a par-
the hunting feafon, he caule?) the foldi- ticular apartment, and Tuitablc court i
cry to Ixr emj'loy'il in martial cxercifej ( yet tho' his eldcll Ibn be twenty tour
and geniToully rewards thole that per- years of age, he has not granted him
form bell, to encourage others to im- this privilege ; notwithllanding the court
firove.
Aniidft his other excellent qua- ol princes, and the crown omcers have
Itii'i, he has a moll uiiparalld'd temjwr inov'd him upon it fcveral times. I lis
ot tninil in all aH'airs, lo that he is ne- lecond Ibn is educated with a more par-
ver in a palHon. Winn he was (hewn tii ular rare above me others ; he having
the way how they founil cannons and dcclar'd him t/cM^ lay/Je, that 's, heir
mortars in Europe, lie had a great num- ap|)arent to the empire ; bccaule this is
ber call tor the ufc o( his armies,and the lirll he had by the emprels his (irll
made fome of his bombardiers learn to wife 1 the fons of that princels who has
throw bombs. He
great a lover
is lb the of emprels, takiiii; [-.lace always
title
of art, that it is now fix years (ince of the others. This lecond Ibn is almoll
within his own palace he ereaed an aca- in his twenty tourth year, well quali-
demy for painters, carvers, and watch- fy'd, virtuoiilly JnciinM, and above all
makers, rewarding the bell mailers. well afVeded to the catholitk rclij,ion and
When I was there he had fourteen fons, the mifTioncrs.
and fcveral daughters, all whom he edu-
CHAP. VIII.
Of the great Wealth of the Emperor of Cl>ina.
I;.; m-
NO man
that
of fenfe
emperor of China is the
tlic
will doubt, but
than as
having honour'd him more
fatisfy'd with
man when he dy'd,
whilft living,
rictiert monarch in the world not on- -. would declare him God and Lord of
ly becaufe of the extent of his empire, heaven, the fun, the moon, and (lars.
but becaufe his fubjecls do not only blind- By thefc two examples we may perceive
ly obey, but adore him. It is not with- how blindly the fub|efts obey, fince they
out reafon I fay they adore him ; bccaule believe the emperor of a poor wretched
at prcfent the emperors of China have man can make a moll powerful God i
the power ot deifying whom they pleafe, and the learned are fuch great flatterers,
as formerly tiie Roman fenate aid. At that they not only approve hereof, but
the time when Matbea Riccui cn-
ftther perfwade the emperor to fuch aftions fo
tred China, he faw this impious aft com- contrary to reafon.
mitted by the emperor Van-Lie then To give a fmall fpecimen of the em- Hid rcve-
reigning. He had put to death a Kolao, peror of China's immenfe trcafures, Inuc.
whole name was Cham-Kiu-Cham, for will give a (hort account of his revenues
fome familiarity with his mother. The taken out of a writer in great repute
lady conccrn'd at the death of the Kolao, among the Chinefe, whole books arc
ana fearing a like end, fell fick, and dy'd call'd U-hio-pien.
a few days after. Then the emperor to In the firftplace there comes into the Silver,
reilore his mother's reputation by fome imperial treafury every year eighteen
extraordinary honour, folemnly declar'd millions and fix hundred thoufand crowns
her Kifu-Lien-pufa, that is, goddefs of in filver i wherein arc not comprcnhend- :<-fm^
nine flowers •, fo that there are at prefent cd the duties paid out of all things bought
temples to be feen erefted in honour of and fold throughout the empire i nor the
her, where (he is ador'il under this title, revenues of the crown lands, woods, and
as Flora, a ftrumfjet, was honour'd by gardens, which are very many nor the •,
the Romans, as goddefs of flowers. Af- produft of fines and confifcations, which 111''!-
:' V.
ter the fame manner a Bonze of thofe of ibmecimes amounts to feveral millions -,
the feft of Taofu (who marry, and do nor to conclude, the revenues of ertates
not (have their he.ids) above four hun- realtaken from rebels, fuch as feize the
dred years fmce, infinuated himlclf fo far king's revenues, or being in employ-
into the emperor's fivour by the ineans ments, wrong private perfons to the value ''
i'i
of chymillry and magick ; that he, not of a thoufand crowns ; or who h.ave I-
!.i
commit-
f.!
tilt
fiH't;
' ;
37<5 J Voyage round the fpôrld. Book III. If ha p. I.
GtMELi-i committed other heinous crimes. der the Cbinefe emperors, but at prefent
i6g6. There is alio brought into the trea- three times the quantity, bccaufe of the
^''"*'*^fury, under the denomination of the vafl number of horfes the Tartar empe-
3ueen's revenue one million eight hun- ror keeps,
ted twenty three thoul'and nine hundred Bcfides all thefe things related by father
and fiv.ty two crowns. And into the em- Miigai/jiiem, there arc brought to court
peror's (lores forty three millions three oxen, fheep, Iwine, gecfe, ducks, pul-
hundred twenty eight thouHmd, eight lets, and all other lorts of tame crea-
Ric«and hundred and thirty four facks of rice tures; and abundance of ail forts of fifh,
'^°'"-
and corn. and game. All lorts of herbs and fruir,
2(i!y, One million three hundred and as green in tlic iniilll of fummer as in
fifteen 'houfand nine hundred and thirty fpring, fo induftrious is this nation in
Icven loafs of fait of fifty eight pounds preferving their gardens. There is alio
each. carry 'd in butter, oil, vinegar, and all
â/y. Two hundred and fifty eight forts of fpice ; wines from all parts ; fe-
pounds of fuperfine vermillion. veral forts of meal, bread, and biskets
'IK" m 4//;/v, Ninety

hundred and thirty
four
leveii
thoufand fcven
pounds of var-
and therefore
the quantities of
it is
all
impolTible to
things that are daily
know
nidi. brought to the court.

5//j/v, Thirty eight thoufand five hun- Hitherto have tranfcrib'd what theAn-.rf.
I
dred and fifty pounds of dry fruit, viz. fathers Magalhaeiis and Couplet relate ;««-::.
grapes, figs, nuts, and cheftnuts. but I will in fewer words make the rea-'''"P
Into the emperor's wardrobe arc der comprehend the vaft wealth of this|'47;J
brought, iji, fix hundred fifty five thou- monarch. His fubjeds (abating an hun-
fand four hundred and thirty two pounds dred millions of the three hundred father
Ji;
of feveral filk ftuffs, of various colours, Bartoli allows) are two hundred millions,
bcfidc-s the imperial garments brought by according to the common computation.
1|:?P;;'i!?^
the boats, as has been faid. Now the emperor's duty for every head
2dly, I'our hundred fevcnty fix thoufmd above fixteen years of age, and under
two hundred and feventy pieces of flight fixty, by way of pole-tax a tayes, which
filks, which the Chineje wear in fummer. as has been often faid, is fifteen Carliim
ii ^dh. Two hundrecl feventy two thou- of Naples, or a noble Engli/f}. Now de-
fand nine hundred and three pounds of ducting thewomen, and all perfons tax-
raw filk. free, it be eafy to compute from how
will
4/Wv, Three hundred ninty fix thou- many millions he receives this pole. Add
;"i
fand four hundred and eighty pieces of to this his chief rents -, for all the land in
cotton cloth. China is held in fee of him, and confe-
Stbly., Four hundred fixty four thou- quently there is not a foot of land but
fand two hundred and feventeen pounds yields him an income. Therefore confi-
of cotton. dering the vail extent of the empire, it
6/Wy, Fifty fix thoufand two hundred will be eafy to conceive; without being
life'? ' •
and eighty pieces of hempen cloth. a great arithmetician, how many millions
ythh. Twenty one thoufand four hun- come into the emperor's treaiury to -,
dred and feventy facks of beans, to feed which, adding the cuftoms, and all that
the emperor's horfes inftead of oats. has been mention'd before, any man may
Lajlly, Two million five hundred nine- be convinced, that as there is no monarch
ty eight thoufand five hundred and eigh- in the world, that equals him in the num-
ty three trulTes of flraw of fifteen pounds ber of fubjeifls and foldiers, fo there it
each. none to compare with him for wealth.
Thefe two laft particulars were fo un-
AVoy-
Chap. I- 377
A Voyage round the World by Dr, John

,.^m^
CHINA.
BOOK IV.
CHAP. I.
I'/jc Author's Return to Nanchianfu 6v Land,
T ^HE him to oblige GF.Mti.t.i

colli at Peking being too to perfeftion. I dcfir'd
(harp for me, I refblv'd to leave the publick, in jirinting account of "(";6.
.*bir.c
that and take up my

place, what he had but he anfwer'd, that [-/Ty"^
feen -,
journal whcix I left oft". having re.id, theti.mc he was in Eti-

lall
(-oums »:
On Saturday the 19th of November, I rope, Co many florics concerning ci.'i'ia.
falfe
went to father Grimaldi, to dcfire him to china, he had forbore printing, as he

get me three mules for my journey -, delign'd, to avoid giving i"o many au-
which his fervant hir'd for five I.raiis, thors the lie ; and particularly the
and two Zieits of fine fiiver of China each, Dutch, who had printed their folemn
which amounts to fevcn pieces of eight embafTy to the great Cham of Tarlary
and a half; a low rate for a month and (to which he himfclf had been interpre-
four days journey. The fame father ter to the emperor at Peking) in which
Ihew'd me abundance of optick glafi"es to there were more lies than lines, in what
magnify and multiply ohjeftsi geome- does not relate to the defcription of
trical inflruments to mcafure, and arith- cities. That this hail happened, becaufc
metical to cart accompts without the help they had brought with them for their
of a pen, all invented by himfclf for tiie interpreters, fome Chinefe of the fou-
emperor, wiio was a great lover of lucii thern provinces, who had never feen the
things. He told me he was making an court, and were little fkill'd in the Por-
engine to throw water a great height liiguefe tongue ; wherefore when que-
in cafe of fires. lie had liv'd thirty llions were afk'd them, cither they knew
years in China, and bt;ing belov'd by the nothing of the matter, or if they did,
tmîcror, had the honour to go witii him could not explain themfelves, and thus
four times into Tari.irs. lie had tra- the Butch writ at random, putting what
vcll'd many parts of the world, from fcnfe they would upon the confufed fpeech
Europe into China, and tiu-nce back into of their interpreters.
h'.rop:', with fevcral mi'-tortuncs. He Sunday the 20th, I view'd the new ci- Temple of
was a while a flave among the Malais, ty, and then went to the oKl of the cnipciors
the fhip he was in being cait away in Tartars, to fee the temple call'd Tt-vam-
tlie governours ftreight in the Portu-
; miao, or the Temple of all the paft Kw^s.
fîid'e Indies he was long beficg'd by tlie This is a large lumptuous palace, with
livagcs, in danger of lofing iiis life or feveral apartments and courts. The lart
liis liberty ; and therefore no man in great room, or hall is as fine, large,
the world could give a better account and well adorn'd, as that of the royal
of the empires of China and Tartary, palace. There are to be feen in it late-
ind of all /i/ia ; and 'he more, bccaulc he ly thrones, the llatues of all the empe-
il'oke the Chinefc and 'Juiiar languages rors, good and bail, that have rcign'd
Vol.. V. Ddddd foi
;
378 ^4 Voyage round the florid. Book IV I Cm p.
Gemelli for four thoufand five hundred and for- fliew'd his brethren, and daring to con-
1696. ty years, from the firft call'd Fo-hi, to demn the catholick religion, when the
i ^^^**^*^the whofe name was Xun-chi, fatlxr
lalt, cmpercir honour'd chrillians with ih:u
to him now reigning. Thii temple is gift. Tlie {xior M.iiidnriHt ia die mean
feated in one of the hncit ilreets in the while gave his forehead )b many ihokcs
city i in which on both fides, being the on the ground that at laft the ntiflioncrs
ways temple, two triumphal
into the themlclvcs inireattil father Gtirnaldi, not ItUkc.
arches are to be fecn, with each three to mortify him any more. Therefore
nohle gates, worthy to be obferv'd. bidding him rife, he charg'd him lor
All perlbns that go through this llrect, the future, to ufe his brothers well
of what quality ibcver they be, when or the emperor ftioukl be acquainted
tiicy come to the arches, alight, out o\ with mifbchaviour, to punifh hini
hii
rclpeft, walk afoot, till they arc
and feverely. None but the emperor, and
pal's'd ail tiic front of the temple. Here princes of the blood of the male-line
the emperor every year, performs an and fome others, to whom it is given
infinite number of ceremonies in honour as a fpecial mark of flivour, can wear
of his prcdcceffors which would be too
•, yellow, and the girdle of that colour
tedious to particularize. 101* the princes of the female line have
Monda-i the 2 1 went to take leave
ft, I it red. rather Grimaldi gave me a pals Afj;.-.'-
of the fathers of the fociety, and parti- to the flime clfedl, as Moiifignior Stfaro
cularly of fither Grimaldi, who Ihcw'd had one, when he went to Macao to
inc feveral curiofities, and among them be confecrated bifhop of Nanking; ex-
a girdle the emperor had given him. It prelTing in it, that I going to Fokim
Hniiour was yellow, which is the imperial co- to fetch books for the emperor's fer-
""'":>':'" lour, with a flieath made of a very fine vice, none fhould prefume to moleft me,
^*'S' in which were on account of the arp-.i, and a black I
''•fifh-fkin, hanging to it,
the two little fticks and other utenfils, carry'd, but fhould be aiding to me up-
the Chincfe ufe at table. This is a great on occafion. The father told me, that
gift in China, for he who receives it, tho' had Ixen no way difturb'd by
I
is rcfpedled not only by the common the governors of cities, in coming to

fort, but by all the minifters, and great court yet they might put mc to fome
;
ones-, and every man, at the fight of inconveniency in my return, and there
that colour, is to kneel, and touch the fore I had need of his pafs, which was
ground with his forehead, till he that has well known, and honour'd by all the
it on covers it, as the fame father Gri- minifters of the empire. I have the faid
:»l t/tah!i, when he was coming into Europe, pafs by me ftill, in the Cbinefe tongue,
'B »1" ''«i ! -
did at Cantcn, with a Mandarine. This It having fav'd me from any molefia-
mm:^. man had demanded a watch of father tion on the road. The lion I mention'd
Xaime, or James Tarin of Valencia, a in the third volume, was lent from Gon,
Francifcan milTioner ; and the poor re- had not yet reach'd the court i but thf
ligious man having none, he was fo of- lame father told me, he had notice of
fended, that he durft prefume to fet up its being fliipp'd at Macao, on the loth
a declaration in his city, where the fa- of September, and that he expefted it
ther was head of the mifTion, to make with impatience, to prefent it in his own
known, that the catholick religion was name to the emperor. Being to depart
t.dle, and taught a wrong way to eter- the next day, \ took my leave of the fa-
nal falvation. The CbineJ'e chriftians thers, thanking them for all their fa-
were difturb'd at this proceeding, and vours. Father Grimaldi gave me an al-
acquainting the father with it, he, in his manack he had, made for the year 1696,
zeal, went to the place, and inftead of in the and Tartar languages
Chinefe,
blotting, tore the Maiidar)ne\ declara- and father Offorio a Portuguefe, gave mc
tion. put him into a gre-at rage
Tiiis four other books in the Tartar tongue,
f their being highly refpcfted in
orders and provifion of (wcetmects.
Chum) and thereupon he jicrfecutetl fa- Having agreed with the muletier, and
ther "Tann, till he oblig'd him to retire given him all the hire of the three mules
to Canton. Father Grimaldi in the mean (for in China, either by land or water,
while pafs'd that way, and by the faid they will be paid before hand) I expeft-
Mandîrine'i coming to pay his refpecfs ed him on Tnrfday the 2 2d till noon and
to him, as to one fo much efteem'd by then fet forward, attended by fither Gri-
the emperor, he receiv'd him, with the maldi's I'ervanr,
till without the gate, I
end of his yellow gialle in his hand, pafs'd through the town of Liipux/nt
and reproving him for his unwarranta- (which in coming, I lefr on th" right
ble proceeding, in the little rcfpeft he hand, having mils il the way) about two
miilkct
;
BooKlV.I Chap. I. Of CHINA. 379

ng to con- niufket-fliot in lengtii, and one and a notable inlcription, lit up there on ac-GtMii.i.i
when the half in breadth, but lias a good wall, count of the emperor's palTing that '^''
with iliat two ftrong gates plated with iron. way. 'We din'd the"^'^-'^the luburb of
and ii.
n ''''ii-'iii
Clofe by it we crofs'd the river (which
ilie nieaK town of Gin-chyeu-xien, which has not
i;iny ttrokes
we had forded as we came) on a ftately fiicli good ftreets and fhops as the fu-
e litifTioners nnMi
/I
ftone bridge, half a mile long, and burb of the other town before, but is H^',.H' ")''M#.
adorned every two paces svith handfonie
'itncilili, not only remarkable for being wall'd two ^v'^'f.B'Jlfil!!
Therefore lions on both fides. At night miles in compafs with a wet ditch. Af-
little ftone
*'!.;t'i:|
him
i'd tor
we lay in Lcan-sieu-xie, having travcl'd ter riding one hundred and twenty Ly,
)thers well, Our lupper and beds were we
fevcnty L). fet up zt Refcilipu.
Rcqiwinted we
very bad v but the firit of thofe evife, I Saturday the 26th, refted in '.he
piinifh him
remov'd with an exallcnt pheafant, town of Sbian-kelin, and went on to lie
ipcror, and having rid one hundred
bought at Peking, for lefs than fix pence. at F:icbian-y,
e male-line,
Here I found a Tarlar attended by a and twenty Ly. Piaving travell'd the
it is given footman and page, and fcveral fervants, i'aiiic way in my journey to Peking, I
•, can wear omit to mention the town, or rather ci-
going the fame road, l"o that afterwards
that colour, ties then fpokcn of in the way to Nan-
we travell'd together.
le line have
A P--:'
On IVedmfday the 2 ^d, near the town cJjiiinfu, and will here only mention
e me a pal's
of tantien, I iaw a ii.indlbmc
Pagod, thofe where I llay'd at noon, and night,
fignior Sffiiro It is enclos'd with with the diftance of or Chineji fur-
call'd Xten-ghenfu. l.y,
> Macao to high walls, in compals about a quarter longs.
linking ; cx- of a mile, and has monallerics of many Sunday the 27th, we din'd at the towns
g to Fokiai Xojhian, or Bonzes. In the firft Mi- of Alanxo, and at night having travell'd
iperor's fer-
or Pagod, was an idol fitiing after one hundred and thirty Ly, lay at Liu-
(III,
j moleft me, the caftern manner, all gilt, with abun- cbi-miau. The cold travellers endure this
id a black days journey is very great, there being
I
dance of little idols in the niches, about
g to mc up- the wall. In the iecond, were three wo- neither wood, nor coal, fo that our hoft
)ld mc, that men fitting on a lion, and two dragons, at night, burnt dry herbs and ftraw to
dirturb'd by Here found the Monday
all gold colour. I ta- drefs the fupper. the 28 th, we
1 coming to
ble cover'd \ for the Bonzes dine betimes. din'd at Cufcbifi, and lay at Jau-chiaen,
me to fome
In the third, was an idol like a Briareus one hundred and twenty Ly, journey.
I, and there- (fitting as the firft did) for befides the Tuefday the 29 th, wc din'd at Cautan-
1, which was ufual hands feet, he had twenty
and cheii, l.iy in the fuburb of the little
1 by all the hands on eachfide, and two feet held town Sbipin-xien. JVednrfday the 30th,
bavc the faid
\ip in the airand five heads, one above
; din'd at Tumbciiy lay one at Cbyen-xien,
inffi tongue, another. There were fevcra! courts with hundred and twenty Ly. 'Tburfday the
my molefta- apauments for the Bonzes, and fine I ft of December, din'd at Xuan-gua-biena,
I mention'd trees. We went to dine at the town of lay at Shiagochen, one hundred and ten
nt from Goii, Lixao, and at night having travell'd one Ly. It may be laid we travell'd all the
irt i but tlif
luiiidred and thirteen Z,v, we lay at San- way through a well-till'd plain, lb care-
,d notice of Jnn-xien. ful are the Cbinefe at improving. Here
on the loth 1'hurfday the 24th, we refted in the wc obferv'd, that to the plough-fharc,
expcfted it
town of Pecuxo. Before we got in, I they added a round iron plate, to break
|it in his own law feveral Bonzes pal's by, who were the mould. Friday the 2d, refted at
ig to depart going to take up a dead body, two anil Uvam-fl)ian-X!en, lay at Cau-xio, ninety
e of the fa- two, in procellion with copes on feme •, Ly. Saturday the 3d, din'd in the city
till their fa- of them playing on certain inftruments, of Jencbifu, which is well enough in-
[e me an al- and others umbrelloes with
carrying habited, has good fhops, is enclos'd with
ycar 1696, long filk curtains about them, banners, a handlomc wall and wet ditch. There
languages and other ornaments. Next we pafs'd is fuch plenty of pheafants in Cbinu, 'hat
fe, gave mc rhrough the forlaken town of Xwn-xyeii, I bought four here for about two (hil-
tnr tongue, ,uid then through the I'uburb, which lings. We lay at Tiaitan-tien, havi.ig
ii large and populous, in the midft travell'd fixty Ly.
luletier, and whereof, under two arches, were feveral Sunday the 4th, we
rode through the
1 three mule idoii, and Bonzes lacrificing, in order to town of Zuxien, which is fmall, and
Id or water, jô then to eat up an excellent meal has nothing remarkable, and then thro'
ll) I cxpeft- provided by the kindred of the dead its fuburb, where there is a good Pa-
lill noon and man. Here we lay at night after tra- god. Firft we came into a fquare place,Anohlc
father Gri- vellingeighty miles. each fide of it a niufket fliot in length, tomb.
the gate, 1 Before fun-rifing on FrUay tlie 25th, adorn'd with tall cyprefs trees; thence
I
|)f Lnpuxmt we breakfafted in the town of ClAo-peciiu, into another fuch court, wall'd in, and
th" rigiit becauic of the good fifli there is in the with fuch like trees, on the front where-
about two Ukcs about it. Near the bridge is a of are tiiiec doors, leading into as ma-
rnudict ny
38o A Voyage round the Ifbrld. Book IV,
CicMFLti ny courts, all enciosM with walls. Op- about twenty litters in which were the
i(")(>.
pofitc to that in the middle, there are dead man's women, attended by many
'-^•"*^' three doors, near which is a noble epi- foldiers,
taph, and tomb of a Chhiefe lord bii- Monday the 5th, We din'd at Sbiacu-
ry*d there, fiipported by a great cro- cbian, and lay at Niuij, one hundred and
Codil, the other two courts have but one twenty /.v. This place h.is fuch plenty
door each. Going in at the middle of hires that they are l<)ld for about
door of the three aforcmention'd, there three halfpence a piece, '•iid'jday the (jth,
IS a porch, with cyprelTes, whicii are ne- din'd at Liiyala, where is a long bridnt;
ver wanting in the Chincfe burying places over the river, and palling the rapid ri-
which leads to the chief Pagod. In it ver Sinheti in a boat, lay at Suiifiti, one
there are two large idols, one in the huntlrcd and ten Ly. IVediifjday the
main nich, the other on the left ; both 7th, din'd at ScnfuH, and lay at Nanfu-
of them fit looking n fomething tiu-y One hundrc.i and twenty 7,y. There
cbi'ti.
hold in their hands. I'rom their heads might be good eating in the inns, but
hangs dowii a diadem after the antient the Chinefe refufing to pay more than
manner, to which before and behind are their ufual ordinary at dinner, and lor
fallned firings of beads of feveral co- Hipper and bed, the hod gave them
lours. Near to this is .inother Pagnd lit- tlie word fowls and fwines flerti ; but I
tle inferior to it, where the idol is a made them kill the fowls before my face,
woman fitting, whole ornament on tlie and paiti more for them, becaufe I can-
head is five birds carv'd as if flying, with not eat them flale. Thiojday the titli,
I'jng tails. Going in at the door on by reafon of the rain, we could go no
the left, is a Pagod in the porch,
there farther than Sancbiav, fifty Ly. Friday
where an idcl fitting with a long
is the 9th, din'd at Cticben, lay at Len/icbrn,
m :Yh beard, as time is pidturM among us. eighty /-)•. Saturday the 10th, leaving
Bcliind there is another, where they the road to Nanking, and taking the way
adore the figure of a woman, like the on the left to Nancbiaiifii, we crofs'd the
other before-mention'd, but with only river Xiiayxo in a boat, into which we
three birds, they call her Mamou. Tliere were carry'd on the backs of pcafants,
are otlier Itatuts before the door, and at wiio continually wait on both iides for
the feet of thofe here defcrib'd, all of this purpolc", with llirrups on them,
Ciiî-r'yiiiffia them frightful and arm'd, as if they because the boat came not clofe to the
mm eiliJOHplPipJ
.
were
They
lime,
bravoes
are all
or
to guard the entrance.
made with
plai.ter ot"
clay cover'd with
Paris, the bone-
lliore. We din'd at Cbiambingoy, a
town on the bank of the flime
and lay at the town of Funianfu, ninety
river;
p.irt of wood. At the door on the righ. Ly. I'his place tho' large has no wall,
two other Pagods, and other but good ftreets. There arc alio courts
I there are
courts with cyprefs-trces and epitaphs, in it, with a large hall in the middle.
and two good cover'd galleries on the and feveral rooms one over another all
fides. We dind at Chyay-xoy-te, after of wood, but well built. At the door
pafTing through the little town of Uya, of this hall were feveral prifoners, witli
I; >5 »:,' • il. i M'[, . :
which tho* endos'd with mud walls, chains at their feet, and a great Iquare
has an excellent At night wc board about their
fuburb. nee';,, which weiglied
lay in Sl.na^cotien, having travell'd one about an hundred weight.
hundred and twenty Ly. Before we got SK>ida\ ihc nth. We lay flill to red
into this place we met abundance of the horles, and therefore taking a ch.iir
mules loaded, with a good guard of I went to lee the town of Xuainbcn. Its
foldicrs, and then a bier carry'd by thir- wall is half a mile fquare, within which
ty men, on which was a coffin with there are none but lituc thatch'd houies.
the body of a Chiuefe lord. To denote But it is to he obfcrv'd, that the north
what it ivas, there was ty'd on it a white fide is clos'd by the tops of mountains,
cock, which is the colour of mourning, and longer than the others. On tlui
according to cuftom ; but this is fome- fide alfo therj are few houfes, the rell
rimes tranlgrefs'd for want of one of being plough'(' fields. Monday the i.;ih,
tluic coloui'. Behind it came a lady in we din'd in the town of Hyn-cbie-cbvn,
white, witli a white cloth over her head, and having travell'd all the red of the
and carry'd in a white chair by four day over plains and mountains, lay that
men. Two maids attended her with night in the town of TmganxyeH, ninety
white hoods on their heads, as were their /,)'. The walls are rot above a mile in
doaths, but their faces cover'd with compafs, nor is there in it any more
black veils. They told me that was than one dreet, where the market is
the dead man's wife. Then follow'd kept, and there are good fliops as are
in
;
Book IV.
Chap. I. Of cm N A. 381
in the fiibufbs. Tuefclny the i ^tli, relt- corn Was growing, whii li they did by C^smki-i-i
etl Cbiancbiau-yn \ and travelling con-

at putting a little earth into a hole nude "^'^''•
'"'''~*'''^
tinually along a plain country, came at in them, ami watcrin:; it ew ry day. At
night to Patein. For fo good a ro.id night wc lay in the town of Ta:hbeny,
the inns are bad v and I was fbrceil to after a journey ot an luindred /,).
lie in the fame room with a Tailiir, Suihlay the iSth, riding through groves
who being laid in his bed, maile his of typrelstrces, and ruaiUng tlie inoun-
page beat his belly like a drum, that t.iins on the right, we went to dine at
he might fall afleep, and the fime mu- S'labkbtU ; whence we went into a ]l.iin,
fickwas repeated three hours before day. many miles in length, full of little coun-
Tiie day's journey was one hundred l.y. try houles, gartlens, and l\irnis. At !!
tVcdiiefday the 14th din'd at Lcanx-yc/i, night we lay at Z'uxyanxycn, a town
having firft pafs'd through Tteiipii, a hrgti cnclob'd with low walls, broke down in
hue open town, where the Tartar re- Ibme places, and with wretcheii houfes
inain'd that lov'd to be beaten by boys, within ; the whole days journey ninety
(join" out ofmet a Maiida-
Tienjitt, I l.y. Aloiiday the 19th, \vc travell'd • ,'>*
iina Before him
with a great retinue. much fucli a road to dine at Se.iucbi y. '<U
went many carriages guarded by fol- In the afternoon pafi'd through the
diers next came
; a great number of ler- town ot Tai.xu-xyeii, which is two miles
vants and officers in chairs all in a row, in length from one gate to the other.
and pages and other attendants on horle-
back
in
Next follow'd thf Maiidari/u-
:
by eight men, and bc-

a chair carry'd
In the houles there is nothing to pleafe
the eye, yet tlure are good fliops,
both Within and wirlunit the fuburbs,
li. mm
lit with abundance of foldiers, carrying which are very po[)iil()us, by reaion of
leveral fmall banners, and one great the tr.ide a fmall river by it brings thi-
one. After all came many more fol- ther. Ac night we l.iy at l-'un-syaii-s
diers ,nnd fervants to tlic number of about the town of tin- |roviiice of Nun-
l.ill
a thouland. Thefe Mandarines we mulf kii:^, which we cntic at Sticbeu. Tuef- 1
own talê more ftatc upon them than il.i\ the '2oth, we enired an angle of
.iny vice-roy in Europe. At night after tile province 01 Ilnqu.nn, through plains
travellingone hundred and ten Ly, I l.iy all cultivated, not far from the moun-
in the city of I.uchifu, the compafs of tains. We
din'd at 7inzan, and lay at
whofe walls, furrounded with water, is Xuan-may-xicn, a town that has an in-
fmall, there being but the third part of dificrent wall three miles in compafs,
a mile from gate to gate. Yet there ami good fuburbs. Within it were fliops
are
large.
good Ihops, and
Thiirjilay the
tfie
15th,
fuburbs arc
I din'd at
not at all contemptible. The whole day's
journey an hundred Ly. Departing
mm
Paxoy, having travell'd over plains well from the mountains on M'eihiefi'.as the
till'c', I came at night to the town of 2 11, and travelling through open plains,
1
fauchen, after a journey of an hundred we went to dine at the town of Cuk-

/,)'. This place, tho' without a wall, is lioiga, on t!ie oank of a fmall rivers
large, and has good fhops. Having ami tho' o|)en has good lliops. At night
crols'd tlie river here upon a bridge of we lay in Siaucbi-kuc, having travell'd
boats, we lay in the fuburb. Priday be- ninety five Ly. This city is on the leic
times sve pafs'd through the town of bank of the river Kiaii-xu, which is the
Luchicbin-\ycn, which tho' wall'd, has greatefl in China, and divides the pro-
nothing; r;ooJ in it. We relied at Nan- vince of Unqtiam, from that uf Kiaiig-fi.
ziiii:, and having travell'd a while among The city is fmall, without any enclofure,
mountains, came our into a plain, amidll but well inhabited, and has good fliops.
ii)h hen. Its
valleys and lay at Tacu-
well inhabited, Tburjilay the 2 2d, mules and baggage
/ithin wliicli
011, jourm y of an hundred /,)'.
alter a were put into a boat and we croli,'d over,
li'd liouiev
About ihefe mountains is found a fort paying twenty Zien, which is not three
the north
of Tailtifs, which are no other but Pig- half pence tor each beaft, but not for
mountains,
ii:i!i, rall'd by the Chiiicfe Afuti ; but the men, and there is a cultom-houfe,
, On tli.u
fmall like a little turnip, and tailing like which takes cognifance, only of packs,
es, the rell
a new chellnut. Saturday ihe 17th, ha- for pafTengcrs equipage; are not feaich'd.
;)• the iîh,
vi.ig travell'il over plains and moun- The river is about two Italian miles
n-chte-chyn,
tains, we din'd in the town of Tuiicbin- over. Mounting we rode to the city
rcit of the
x\cii, leated at the foot of mountains, Kiiikyafit, feated on the right hand of the
ns, lay th.it
ninety
well wall'd, inhabited, and has good river. The walls are eight miles in com-
y:>i,
fliops, tho' the fuburbs are much lar- pafs, but there arc more fielils than
a mile in
ger. In the lliops here I faw fome turnips ilreets within them. The i'liburb is
any more
lunging up by the fmall end, in which large, being about three miles in length,
market is
Vol. IV. l:ccee poputouj
ops as are
in
382 ^'^ iô)^ê ro««^ the florid. Book IV
Gemf.1.11 populous, and of good Ihops. Be-
full that night ai Coxoa. Sunday the 25th
i69ri.
(y^tgpn ti,p city and fuhurb there is a
which runs a fniall
having rotlc thirty Ly, wc came to AW
^-^^''"^gre.i: lake, from cbiaiifu, after travelling thirty four days,
I
river. Wc din'd at TuH-Jneny, a town and three thoufiind two hundred and
among the mountains, having traveli'd thirteen Ly from Peking -,
and the city
fixty Ly. It is incredible what a valt being all cncompafs'd by
the river, I
Quantity of fifh is taken in the rivers went over in a boat, leaving the mules
and lakes on this road and therefore •, on the other fide. I took up my quar-
the inn-keepers for ten Zirn furnilh a ters in the houfe of the Jefuits, whofc
II
bed, and a better fupper of lifh than fuperior was not yet return'd from Can-
they would of flcih. Friday the a'^d, ton ; fo that I fpent fo great a day as
the
going on ftill among mountains, we reit- nativity of our Saviour alone and melan-
ed at Vfinmen \ and pafiing through the choly, without fo much as hearing mafs,
little city of Tengaiixyi-ii, which tho' for want of a prieft. In the ifternoon
partly unpeopled, has fomething good I went to a great palace, cali'd i.ne fchool,
ftill, came at night to I'nan-fu, having or academy of Confiiciui. When I went

traveli'd ninety Ly. Snliifday the 24th, into the hall, one of my fcrvants who
we rode throun;h fruitful jilains, and over was a chriflian, knelt down, worfhip-
plcafant hills to the town of Sitikyen-xieii, ping the pifture of the pliilofopher which
which tho' large in circumference, is was there ; and I having fevcrely repri-
partly difinhabited, and has nothing in it manded him for fuch an aftion of abo-
olifervable. We pafs'd over the river, minable idolatry ; the wretch told me.
which a mile oil, in a boat, and din'd
is That the Mijfioners of the Society allo'£d
at the town of Scwuiru, where we again that to be done; a an outward Act oj
crols'd the fimie river in a boat, with- IVorJ/jip ; which filtnced me, calling to
out paying any thing for it, the water- mind the controverfy there is on thK
men being paid by tiie country. That account, lietween them and the Frtmh
day wc traveli'd a hundred /,y, and lay vicars apollolick.
CHAP. II.
'the Cont'umation of the Author's Journey to Kuan-cheu or Canton,
mlm' i
H.Aving
journey,
hir'd a boat to continue
two Lean and fcven
for
my fee
himfelf
me in
till
the boar,
midnight.
where he diverted
Zi^n, which amounts to four ducats, Sunday the firft oi January 1697, we
and a very fmall matter over, articles lay at "Juynfun, eighty five Ly. Monda,
being formally drawn in the prefence of the 2d, at Pekiazun, feventy Ly. We
fuch perfonsas have power o'er the made little way becaufe the Waters were
boats, having provided all necef-
and low, tho' the river of Nanganfu at Can-
faries, I let out before noon. All that cheufti is incre.ns'd by another on whicli
day we advanced but thirty Ly, and lay there is but indifli:rcnt going to Fuliin.
that night at Serivii. Tucfday the 27th, Tuefday the 3d, at Huenlon, one hundred
fiaving run fifty leagues wc ramc to Chi- and twenty /.v. TFednifday the 4th, at
emgiilii, a town of few houlcs ; but on Taukinn, only leventy Ly. Tbnrfday the
It'cdncfday the 8t!i, after failin!» eighty r,x\\, at Cancheufu, ninety Av. Leaving
/.Y, lay on an open fliore. Thurfday the a fervant in the boat, I went in a chair
2()th, came to the town of Xo[<u, eighty to the of the Jefuits, where
church
Ly. Friday the •50th, lay at Shiakinn- fither Grillon Frenchman was fuperior.
a
Xicn, a wali'd town, tho' feated on the There 1 found father Provana of Turu\
tops of mountains. We
fiil'd but eighty with whom came from Goa, father Van-
Ly, becaufe there was but little wincf, derheck a Flemmiug rf Mechlin, and fi-
tho' the Chinefe fiiilors to make it blow thf r Ami am of Piemont, worthy perfons
the more, kept whiftling.
fuperftitioufly defign'd for the mifTion of China. It
S.aurday the 31ft, a ftiff north wind car- was a great comfort to me to meet
ry 'd us one hundred and forty two Ly, thefc friends. That night there was a
tho' we loft f'ome hours expeding it great rcfort of chriftian Chinefe to the
fhould abate a little, fo that I was con church, on account the next day was
ftrain'd to make them fet out by force. the fcall of the epiphany, and they
Av night we came to Kinntigfu ; and I play'd on fo many inflruments, that I
rctufing to go to the houfe of father could not fleep a wink. Becaufe of thai
Gregory 2'1'anez, a Frarcikaii, he came to feafl, I did not fet out on Frida-i the
'
6th.
BooKiyl Chap. H. Of CHINA. 383
y the 2.uh, Saturday the 7th, towards evening ftatuc like the other and fittingGEMEi.u
6th. is gilt,
me to Nan- boat, but could only with two others On 'f'97
I return'd to the clofe by its tect.
four days,
hand going in is tl.- ftatuc t^^.'XJ
r
fail twenty Ly, bccaufe o' -he winding the right
lundred and
of the river, and llay'd in vhc fuburb of Cbian-laoje, who was a great Man-
ind the city
of the fame city of Cancbeufii, call'd diirine, at prelcnt hoiiour'd as a God,
the river, I Namtft, but a mile from it by land. and accounted the protector of courts.
ig the mules
Here I went to fee a fpacious Paged in All over this mountain and that near it
ip my quar- In the firft place there is an call'd Nanganfu, there grow certain,
a field.
fuits, whofc with two fwords in his hands, and fmall trees, cull'd Mufchiu, wliicli pro-
idol
d from Can-
two other ftatues on his fides. In the iliifc a fruit as big as a litttr nut, round
a day as the
inward Paged over a court, is a great and black, with Ibme Jccds in it, which
eand melan-
gilt idol, with a fword in its hand, pla- prefs'd, yields the beft oil there is in all
learing m.ifs,
cetl the biggeft nich, and two other
in China. The fruit they call Muzu, and
he ifternoon On the floor there
ftatues at his feet. the oil Mu-y:u, that is, oil of trees,
'd i.ie fchool,
are four, two on each fide, very courfe, to diftinguilli it from the other forts
When I went and arm'd, as if they were to de- made of herbs, and feveral Ikds, wliich
large,
fcrvants wh[<
fend tlie entrance. fcrve for
lamps. Being come up the
vn, worfhip.
Sunday the 8th, we came to the guard mountain I met feveral troops of fol-
ifopher which
and town of Kiuniu, eighty Ly. Mon- diers, and other perfons of note, going
:vcrely repri-
day the 9th, we continu'd the morning to Nanganfu, to meet the Titu, who
ftion of abo- was coming to take polfeflion of his
at the Tanfu, and guard of Jafulan \ and
:tch told me,
then entred bctweei. the mountains of employment, in order to go on to Can-
'ociety allrx'tl
Nanganfu, where the river has fo ma- ton. A little way behind came the wife
tward Acl o)
the way is twice as of a Mandarine, with a great many peo-
ny windings, that
c, calling to
long as by Tuefday the 10th, we
land. ple on horlcback, and officers of juftice
e is on thj^
came to the guard of Lanzun, eighty with rods and Ifavcs before her ; after
id the Fre»i.h
Ly. IVednefday the 1 1 th, to Nanganfu, the fame manner as her hufband would
feventy Ly. Here I was entertain'd by have travcU'd, every body they
llojipiiig
father Peter de la Pilona of Mexico, a
Francijcan,
and
who treated
without much intreating
therefore
me handfomely,
meet in a chair or on horlcback.
was carry'd in a chair by ei^ht men,
She
and follow'd by others that carry'd her

mm-
' :V:l V -1-.'
ânton. I confented to (lay with him Thurfday maids. A little fon of hers but three
Mwniiin and Friday the i2th and 13th. That years of age, but brifk and fprightly,
(I Aj»- day 1 hir'd three chairs, at the rate of fate on a horfc alone.
I din'd half way,
re he divcrtsd !'!''
one hundred and fixty Zien each (a piece and then fetting forward came to Nan-
of eight at Nanganfu is chang'd for one gajfu two hours before night, tho' I let
<jry 1697, we thousand Zien or more) and feveral por- out late and the days were fhort. The
Z.y. Movia; ters to carry my equipage, at eighty Chinefe chair-men, are not inferior to
nty Z.)'. We Zien a man. Saturday betimes I took a Tartar horfe, for they trot five miles
Waters were
chair with father Peter, and was car- an hour. They reckoned that days
jganftt at Can- up the fleep mountain, for above journey twelve leagues, bur they were
ry'd
her on which three miles without letting my foot to not above eight, or a hundred and four
ng to Fukiey..
the ground which the poor men
; for Ly, a league being thirteen Ly. This
one hundred better deferv'd a piece of eight, than happens in all the high-ways, where for
the 4th, at
abouc a fhilling they had. About the the benefit of the couriers the Chinefe
Tbtirfdiiy the middle of this mountain is a Pagod, make the Ly fhort, and
other places
in
'^v. Leavino
which divides the two provinces ; and here long. Father John Nicholas de Ribera,
nt in a chai;
the vicc-roy, the Chiankyun general of of the order of St. jiuguftin, and apo-
'uits, where
the Tartar troops, and the Titu general ftolick milTioncr in this city, treated
was fupcrior.
of the country troops, take poflefiion me very courteoufly, efiêcially with
>ia of Turii:,
of their employments-, the feals being good chocolate, as he at Nanganfu had
fatlicr âr,- done before. There being a fcarcity of
,
deliver'd to them in the faid Pagod, by
lin, and f.i-
perfons deputed by the courts of Canton. boats becaufe the Tttu was expeded, I
rthy perfons This Pagod ferv*a by Bonzes, is divided had much difficulty to hire one to Canton
f China. It
into tiie lower and the upper. In the for three thoufand three hundred Zien,
ie to meet;
firft a gilt idol fitting, of a gigantick
is which are three pieces of eight ; where.as
I
there was a ftature, and without any beard. The they ufualty give but one thoufand or
Kwefe to the Chinefe who pay him great ve.ieration, one thoufand one hundred Zien for one
lext day was call him, Fu, and others Foe. Afccnd- in that city.
and they ing fteps in the upper Pagod, ap-
fome Sunday the 15th, after dinner, having
|cnts, that I
return'd thanks to father "John, I went
pears an idol call'd yuen-Jhinfton, with
aufe of that a crown on his head, and a fort of aboard a great boat., whiih I well knew
Friday the royal mantle on his (houlders. This to be flow, bccaufe there was but little
'
6th. wat.-r.
384 A Vojage round the JVorld. Book IV 1- t
r.rMiiLi w.Uct, but having paid the mailer be- 1 laving run one hundred and forty I.y
''")7- forehand, I was forced to iuive p.i- wc lay at yântikju, where the aforelaid
'-'"V^'tiince. Two women row'ii much btitcr Mandanitci, who were going to meet
than the men ; tho' tliey carry'd their the 7ttu, llay'd that night.
foU The
children at their backs. Having paIsM ilicrs who
cxpedcil thcni on the ftiote
two bridges, near the one and under faluted with Imall (hot. The heat was
tiie other, tiicyjoining two little fu- intolerableon Monday the 2 jd, when
burbs to the city, we lay at Peyc/iian, leaving on our right hand under iIk;
after twenty /.).
tailing Monday the (hadow ot an infinite number of trees,
lOth, webut fixty, by rcaion of
lail'd the populous town of Sculan, we llop'd
the bignefs of the bo.it wiiich touch'il at the guard of I.kbi-lvcn, having run
where there was but httle water, <o wi: one hundred /.). Setting out hence four
lay at the town and guard of Xuan-Utn. hours before day on 'luejday the 241I1,
Tuejdiiy the 17th, wc lay at the guard (that we might come betimes to Kuan
and town ot Si)hbtdii-Unv), fixty /.). cbeu-ju or CaKloVt as the Porliiûcje call
Mere the water grows deeper, lor at the it; we came before fircak ot day to /•«••
tM\3i town of Kidiiki'u, another river from the

mountains fails into that we were on.
Chin. I went there in a chair to iVc ta^
thcr Capacbiu, a minioner of the fociir
lycdnffdiiy the iSth, we came to Sliia- ty, croiFing the city, which is three miK>,
I c/jufii, one hundred and twenty Ly. I over, all the way among handlome anj
went to the houfe ol the I-'icmb taiiiers, rich fliops of all Ibrts of commodiiics
and tho' I found not the midioner, was and provifions, and all manufadtuies ti
well receiv'd by hi. lervants. Tbuifduy tlw. country. This place in Italy wouij
the iQtli, 1 went about to (ec the city. pals lor a vill.ige, becaufe it has no wall,
It has (lately walls, lij contiiv'd tiiat a and is fubonlinate to Cunton. It is five
man may go quite round always under miles in and three in breadth,
length,
cover. 'Jhe compafs is above four miles the river running through the middle 0!'
bcluies the luburbs. 'J he rtreets are it, and there are as many boats on tlip
h long, ftraii, well paVd, and witii good water, as lioulcs on the land. It is go-
(hops. At the foutli end of it, a na- vern'd by a Mandarine, who can deciiii-
vigable river falls into the great one no controverlie without confulting th'.-
that comes from the well. After din- courts at Canton. For military allair^
ner I went aboard at the fouih gate, the here refidcs another I'mall martial Mai.-
wind being fair, but the weather calm- darine. All Mandarines generally liiy,
ing afterwards, we could
but forty fîil l-'ufiian contains a million of inhabitants,
L\, to the town and guard of I\ru. 'i'aking father Caj-acbw I con
leave of
1-i'ulay the 20th, we run one hundred tinu'd my
voyage, and God be ptais'J,
and ten L), to the guard of Fanfucan, after running eighty Ly, came b.ick fafo
the two women flill rowing, as did the to Canton, when the i'randfcan niidio
five men. Thefair north wind conti- ners imagin'd, I had cither been flop'ii
nuing. Saturday the 2 ill, wc run one on the road, or fallen into fome trouble
humired and forty /.), and came at night at Peking, becaufe the Jejiits do not
to the guard of Xyaikeu. 1 lavi.ig on like that Ihould go thitlier.
Europeans
Hundii) the izd, pafs'd the other ftreight They were the more confirm'd in thtii
between the mountains, wliere there is opinion b'.caiife I knew not the lan-
a great Pagod, with oth^r little ones guage, nor my two fcrvants one worJ
among the rocks, Ihaded with high trees, of PortKguefe, to underlland ine in
we held on our way witii little winil, changing i'o many boats, and travelling;
hut much heat, tho' it w.is then the fo tar by land i to which mull be add-
depth of winter. This is found in Ci>i- ed my diflemj^r and wcaknefs, whita
ra by reafon of the variety of climates. I never recover'd. This I fiy to (hew
Near the northern mount.iins the cold that dangers and misfortunes never
^y'^î.^ is very piercing as far as Nciiiganfu ; and (lay'd me, but dcfpifing them all, with
from thence fouthward the heat pre- the ilivine alTiltance, I at length by
vails. About I'un-fetting wc met tlircc God's help overcame them, ami found
grr-.t well covcr'd with abun-
boats, by experience, they are ever rc-
that
ilance of flagsand banners, as the cufto.n prcfentcd than really they are
greater
of the country is, for there were Man- by envious perfons, on purpofe to dil-
(hrinci in them. Our European mifTio- appoint the mod glorious underta-
ners ufc ilicfe outward fliows, to per- kings. The muletiers reckoned from Pe-
form liicii mifTion with fuccels and de- king to Nancbianfu, three thoufintl two
cency, becaufe the Cbinefc chriflians are hundred and thirteen I.y ; and the w.t-
much adiiiclcd to thcfe exterior pomps. tcrmcn from Nancbianfu to Canton two
thouGii 1
;
Cha III. Of c e I N A. 385 ^ ( '

?<*''
'- '}
f f
thoufand one hundred and fcventy nine-, ty paces each, which reduced to IlalianGiMnu
in all five
thoufand three hundred and miles, make a thouliind tour hundred '^7- vl4'' .fS
two Ly, of two hundred and Lyv\J
ninety fix- and two.
i '-ll'^ . Mi
CHAP. III.
7'iie Chinefe New Tear, and folmn Ft/liva/s of the Lantkorm.
ICame to Canton with a rcfolution to On each fide there were eigli' other'*
on to Emwj in the province of
(TO made of platlcr colouiM, and lieliiml
J'okieii, and there imbark for Manila one of lirals. On the fides of the
but finding the loading ot Canton alrea- court were two other Pagods, in each
dy gone, and a fliip belonging to that of which was an idol Handing of gold
id.ind in the port of Macao, 1 chang'd colour, well made. In the third court
my mind, and expcfled to go aboard was a fmall marble pyramid thuty foot
that veflel 1 and the rather, becaufc in high, with figures carv'd all about it,
tlie houfe of the Francifcan fathers I and behind it another P.rgod with le-
found three Spaniards, who came to Can- veral i.lols. About it were the apart-
ton to lay out one hundred and eighty ments of two hundreil Bonzi-t, who live
thoufand pieces ot eight, they had brougiit on tne revenues of the Pagod.
abo.ird tlieir fhip. Getting acquainted The Cbin-yve, or Chineje new ycir,c.hinffe
with them I laugh'd at the wonders they begins with the new moon that tallsyeir.
made at my boldnefs, in coming Can- to next to 5th of February, or
the the
Ion without a pafii, and then going on 15th degree of Aquarius, which di-
to Peking ; whereas the Xu-pti or cullo- vides two equal
into parts the fpace
mcr,
liieir
took
p.ifs.
thirty
On
pieces of tliem
H'ednefday the 25th, Ic-
for between two points
and folftice and on
•,
that day accord-
in the equinox,
rmm\
vcral friends came to congratulate my ing to them, the tun enters a fign they
happy return ; and on Thiirjday the 26th, call Lie-chiun, or the refurrecUon of
there being no fuch vilits to receive, I the fpring. They reckon
twelve lu-
went about the city to fee the preparations nar months, one call'd of twen-
little
for the of the new year. The

feftival ty eight days, and the other great
gates of the old city call'd Lauchin were of thirty, antl every fifth year they
ftut on Friday the 27th, for fear of fomc make an Intercalar year, adding all the
mutiny, and there was a fearch of the days loll in the former, fi> that ihey
very feats of the guards at the gates. come even with the fun, or folar year.
One they faid was a captain of muti- The weeks they divide like us, accord-
niers, who was imprifon'd with twenty of ing to the number of the planets, to
his confederates, and Hill there was each of which they alTign four of their
looking out to fecurc others, for fear conftellations, one a day, fo that after
they fhould come with a great number four times k^nn, they return to the tirll.
of boats to liefiege Canton. The peo- They reckon the day from midnight
ple it is certain are fo opprefs'd with to midnight, dividing it not into twenty
taxes and impofitions, fwice tiie Tartar four hours as is done among us, but
government, that peace is not likely to only into twelve equal parts, and all
lall long in China. Sunday the 29th, thefe, that is, the whole natural day is
the fearch was continu'd againft the mu- divided into an hundred parts, and each
tifiiers, not only in the old city, but in of thofe parts again into an hundred mi-
Sanchin, or the new. nutes, fo that ten thoufand of thefe make
[/.'imoas Monday the 30th, I v/ent over the a day. Then as for tlieir hours they do
Vijti. river in a boat to fee a famous Pagod. not count them by numbers, one, two,
At the gate of the firft court 1 found three, but by names anil charaiflers t "o-
two gigantick flatues on each fide, per to each of them ; whereof three
ihnding guarded the en-
as if they are much ohfervM and eftecni'd very
trance. At the fecond gate of the fe- myfterious, by realbn ot the pofition of
cond court were four others terrible the heavens that mud anfwer to ilicm.
to behold, one of which held a gui- The firfl is the moment of midnight,
tarr in his hand. Oppofite to them for then they fay the heaven was crea-
was a great Pagod, in the biggeft nich ted , then the fei und, becaufe then they
whereof there were three gilt iilols fit- fly the earth hail its being and form ;
ting of an extraordinary magnitude. and in the third, man.
Vol., V rttff Thi?
;
^8(5 J Voyage round the florid. Book IV

GutiLLi This time the new year fell out in nulfers of the tan)ili«i pay it to their
'<>97- China, on the ^d oi FrI/ntary, bciiij^ /'./- anccllorj i touchinp; tlie ground three
^^''^/Iiiy, wiicrciipon tlie milTioncrs thought times with tlwir forehead b«forc their
lirmiV fit '" ililpenli; with tlic Cbinrfi clirilU- til)let, ti.ai is, i'-; fathers, gr.unKa-
gi'mlt theans e.uiny ot ll'jdi, as .ill'o on SMiirday thirs, and great grandfathers, and burn-
new year, following, file they woiiLI have taktii ing Iwtrt;. before it. Friday the ^d, in
leave. This ilil'iK'niation raisM new the morning long before d.iy, the molt
ililputcs between the billioii of M.UiW, fujierllitious of them, w^-nt to thofc
ant! l-'rench vicars apolloiick ; tor he P.t'iôds they had a devotion for, to
having lent the liirpeiilation, to exer- touch the ground with their forehc.idi
ril'e tliis a^t of jurifcliition, tlie vicars and burn fweetB, and of thr;fw coili,'
anTwerM they no need of hail it, beinj^ m.ide of the barks of trees brui^'d, we
fulHciently aiirhorizM from the apo- fee h.ive given an account ellewhcre. Alter
flolick. Turfilay the fill, took my
I whicli they ufe to pay vifits to their
jilealure about the tity, which was ail friends, which is fumcitntly perform'il
iiiinptuoully adorn'd, anil relounilin^ by leaviiif; it written on a piece of red
with ioy ; the courts being fhur, ami the paper, that they were there to wait on
imperial feal lotk'il up leveral days before them i and this is done to lave the trou.
to y;ive way to the feftival. i'here is blc of ' niplimcnts when they meet.
no day perfix'd, "ither for (Init-
certain Hut kindred and fpecial friends tic one
ting up, or opening the courts and leal, another and no man in their vifits can
;
but tliey are appr'nted from court, avoid drinking three cups of liquor niaile
with the diredlion of th*" - llrologers i
of lite, anil iluis he who has many re-
that the emperor may begin again to lations, and friemb, tho' he goes from
reign on the new year, in a happy ilay, home never fo grave, returns light I.ead-
and iiour. That year \(^()6, they were fd ,ind reeling. I lay grave, becaufe on
fhut lip on the 2 2d of 'January in tin; thole d.iys, the CLiucfi go like lb m.iny
evening. It is very dangerous to tra- religious men, a very ftay'd pollute,
in
vel, during thofe days, becaufe there is being of opinion that if they laugh,
.'',.';•
.il' t.;.f ,., >i » i .
„
no adminiltration of judic, all thieves weep, play, or commit any other light
and robbers going abroad then, upon aiflion, they Ihall be indin'd to do the
the lerurity that they cannot be prelent- liime .ill the year .itter. In fhort, thij
|:ifci.jn;'?rT ly punifh'd. But in the fheeis, the beginning of the new year, is celebra-
guards are then doubled to catch thieves ted with reciprocal vifits, eating, drink-
whole punifliment is deferr'd till the ing, and rejoicing
; a troublefome noife
opening of the courts. 'J'he poorelt of CbimJ'e drums, and other inflrument!
wretch puts on new cloaths at the new relbunding for three whole days-, bc-
\ ir, new papers his widows, and walls fides fireworks, whereof we fhall Ijjeak
renews the epitaphs, and infcriptions hereafter. Abundance of money ii
about his hoiile, and is lure to lay in fpcnt in jiowilcr, and paj)er, as well to
a flock of wine, and provifions to fcall be usM in the houfes, as to burn in
with his friends. the Pagcds, after the facrifice, ami of-
C'l.-rcmo- We.hejday ift of February, I went at fering of Hell), fowls, and fruit, which
nil's ui the
-iv year.
nigiit, to fee the illumination? all about they afterw.irds carry home to eat viiih
1
j|,g j,jjy q-i,iirf,lay the 2d, being the lall their friends.
day of the year, began the folemnity of The fame ;^d day in the morninr^ be-
the new year, to take leave of the old. times, 1 went to fee a very inconfidera-
Tlie celebration is as follows. At night ble thing in my fancy, but very great
in all houfes, kneel before
the fons in the opinion ot tlie Chinsfe. Going
their parents, the younger brothers be- out at the g.ite of Lauchirt on the ealt
fore the elder, the fervants before their lidc, I law a v.tit great cow, made of
mailers, touching the ground with their colour'd clay, heiiirn'd in by a muki-
heads, and perform the ceremonies ac- tude of Chineft; who beating it to pie-
cording to the cullom of the country, ces with long poles, wherein conlills
mention'd in another place. The wo- the fport, went to logger-heads, about
men do the fime among themfelves -,
who fhould pet the little calves made of
for in Cbbm, it is lb ftridtly forbid to the lame llult, which were in the cows
converfe with women, that the father- belly. This they do in remembrance ot
in-law, muft never fee his daughter- an aniient emperor of theirs, whom
in-law, if they are of quality, and goes the uiidtitude believes to have been con-
only upon this day, with her fon to verted into a cow, which was good only
perform this duty. But before they re- for the plough. They told me they after- y-,::
quire thii duty of their children, the tervvards prelcnted the calves to great nw;
men'"''
ô^kIVJchap. III. Of CHINA. 387
men for a good new years gi/c. At my neral, of all tltc taxt? of the province i GtMiLii
recurii, I went in to lee two very l.nge the '/.iiDi-ibjiti:, or general ot the *Iar- '(*i7-
PitjoiU, the firit erectcil in honour ot lir troops, and two all'ui.iates ot his, '-/"^''V'
ChuiiiLwy, ii ileity, tor whofc kiviie callM 'Ditiin, nam'd the rigiit .ind left
(hen; always
are horles IbnJinR rtady arm of his Ixidy, .ind thele arc of equal
bclorc the temple gaa-s, l)ccaulL' tlicy authoiity -, biiuj^ carried in a chair by
liy he woiilil ride a thoui'mJ lci<',iies a eight men, with the ('.Liiu,jc drum Ix-tuio
J.iy, on them.
'Iliirc are alio aliout thcin, be.iten with thirteen Itroke^ tol-
the courti, feveral llatiies in liiiulry hor- lowiiii;. <Si<ii(ltiy t\w ;',tli,I Went to the
rid (hjipes. At tiie upper end nl the church of the SfiimJ/i liMiijunn, wlii«
PatpA a the aforcliiid idol, Ciiianlaoye ther abund.ince of Lhineje chrillians re-
fitting, with <i thing like a diadem on fbrtetl to |>ertorni ihiir ilc-vutions. Mun-
hiH head, i found many idolaters of- (lay the 6th, a Chinffa merchant invited
tirriiig meat ready drels'J, and fruit ; me to his houlL- \ but g.ive me my din-
burning fweets, and paper to be con- ner too early, according to their culUnn.
verted into gold and iilver, to Icrve were on the tabli-, at Icall twen-
'1 here
the dead. Others took a piece of flick, ty dilhes with Itveral forts ot fruit
little
flic through th<' middle, ami linn;; boili and Iwcctmeats and others with tliic-
pieces up into the air. If one or both keiii, and Iwiiics llelli. I taw notliing i'ciiii.,i
of them fell to the ground with the Hat worth mentioning the following dayi,"ilint
^tli, when 1 uent about
''"""•
fide, had been cleft through, up-
that till Mo)hLi\ the 1
wards, was counted a good omen, and

it to fee the prepar.itions lor t'le leall ot
a flgn idol was pleas'd with tlicni 1
the the l.inihoriis mul- il.roughout the city,
but if the bark of botli was ujiwards, as being one ot tiie cliii.t Icllivals of the
that was a very ill fign. But they threw Chine!-, ami to lay the truth, I met
them up fo often, that at lafl the Hicks with wonderful inventions. The CIjdu-i:
mull needs fall as they would have them. give the following account of its oiigi-
Others rolling about great f.ij.;gots, lul. They lay, that not long .titer the
drew out a flick to know tiieir good, erecting of their empire, a Miimhiiine I'r
or ill fortune, and this they r([>eatc'd much belov'd of the p-iipie tor his vir- -jif
till they drew one that was fortunate. tue, loll a ilaughter he doated on, upon
'J'he other P.igoJ was near tiic |)aLue, the hank ot .1 river ; and going .ilong
which formerly bclong'd to the petty the lliore look for her, all jKoijle
to
king, but at |)relent to the Tariai ge- tollow'd him
weeping, wicli ligl«ed
neral. It is tiivided into three parts-, ton lies and lanchorns but tho' he loughc ;
one within another-, in the firlt, I faw for hci a long time in all places about
three idols in the nich, bare-headed, the bant (much as Ceres did her ilaugh-
.ind other great flatucs on the ground. ter prol.rpine) yet file was never found.
In t!ie fecond there were alio three itiols The learned in their books, afTigii an-
in the nich, and four by their fides on other original ; which is, that three tliou-
the ground. In the third, there were fand five hundred years fincc, in the
five horrid figures upon tlie ground, reign of the lall king of the family ///<v,
and one great idol ot a gold colour, whole name was AVi", a cruel man, and
and another little one in the niche. In wholly given up to fenfuality ; he be-
my way home, I met a number o\ Man- ing one day with his bell beloved
d/iriitet in and on horle back,
chairs, queen, lamented that the pleafurcs ot
moft richly with the enfigns of
clad, this life, were not lalling that few 1
their employments and degrees embroi- liv'd an hundred years that time be- •,
der'd on their garments. 'I'hey were ing lb fwift, he could not latiate him-
ooir.g to pay the ufual adoration in the lelf with thole pleafurcs, he fo dearly
Paqoih. thole who had
Saturd:iy the 4th, lov'd, and in Ihort he reflected uj'on
recciv'tl compliments ot the new
the nature as unkiml, and cruel. The queen i.i'n;..'
yp.ir, were employ'd in returning the feeing him fit diflurb'd, laid. / kho'Ui
vifits, either in perfon, or with the red fiuh a way lo [ 'olonf, l'm,\ at will fa- 4 'M^
paper, according to the cuftom of the My you. Ma, a Muiith a day, and
country. This is to be underftood of a Year a Moiilb, and thus the I'ears,
int'eriour Mamiarinei ; tor the five great Months, and Days 11 HI ht fu lo»g, that
ones receive them, and make the return living ten Tean, you -jli'I have the Plea- ':>; \
hy petty or other officers

Mdiuhir'mei, fure and Hatiijiii'/iuii if an hundred.
of their courts-, and only vilit one an- riierefore flie perfuaded the toolirti ft;n-
other perlonally. Thefc five principal fual emj3eror, to build a palace without
niinilters oC Canton, are the l-'ityrn, or windows, that no light might come
vice-roy •, the Pucbienfu, or receiver ge- in. Then Ihe caus'd it to be adorn'd
with M
li^.
;
1i V
^88 A Voyage round the ^Pôrld, Book IV.
GiMitii with golil, filvcr, prfcious ftonc^, nnil them of enjoying the fight
the fatisfaftinn
'697 richniovcibles, brought in a number of the fine lanthorns, and fireworks, and
^'^'^ôf boys, nnil liratiful girls, all nakcti, th" hearing of the charming mufick lie
ami in fine, bury'tl her Iclt, anil her had in his palace.
hulband thfrc alive, witiioir. any light 'I'bm-Jiiay the 14th of Ftbrimn, and
but tiiat of an infinite nuinl)cr of flam- the 1 2th of the Chim-fe moon, I went at
beaux, anil lanthornt, inllcail of the night about the city of Ciinton to fee
fun, moon, There the em-
anil lfar». this rejoicing. In every quarter of it,
peror Kit continuM a whole year with or w.4rd, was fet up fbme figure of
his Icuil queen, giving himlcit up to all their idols, about wnich there were li:>
forts of lulUul pkafurcs forgetting •, veral perfons difguis'd, fome like wo-
time, heaven, anil every thing ellc, even men, and fome otherwife, with prepo-
their court and empire, and framing to tterous habits and malks, and icveral
themfclvcs new times and new heavens inllruments in their hands. In thcli;
in their own conceit. His fubjetfs pro- Ihapes they went about the town u|X)n
vok'd by tht('.' extravagancies, and his afles, or a-foot (ai is us'd in the car-
cruelty, revolted, and letup in his place naval in Italy) with a long procelTion
Chim tarn, head o( a new family. Af- before them of lanthorns on long |)oIcs.
ter K'te's they deftroy'd his pa-

ikath, They were made either of pajier, or of
lace, and repeal'd all his ordinances, ex- taftera of feveral colours, and in the
cept the invention of flambeaux and fliapc of feveral creatures, as fifhes,
lanthorns, which they prefcrv'd to cele- dogs, horles, lions, and the like, which
brate the feftival. They tell further, with the light were very pleafant to be-
that about two thoufmd years after that, hold \ all this attended with noify in-
another empiror of the tenth family ilruments of brafs and drums. The bell
cali'd had fuch faith in a jugler
film, of it was that fome went naked to act
of the of Tanfti (whofe profellion
la't their parts more to the life. But the
it to impofe on the world with chi-
is prime part of this folemnity is to be
mical ojicrations, promifing endlefs gold feen in the Pagods, and the palaces ofNot,;
and filver, a life almolt everlafting, great where there are lanthorns toom
lords,
and in a moment to remove mountains) that coft fifteen, or twenty piftoles, and
that one day he told me, he had a mind in thofe of the vice-roys and princes,
to fee the lanthorns lighted in the city they are not worth Icfs than an hundred,
Tdtn-cbiii, in the province of Nanking, two hundred, and direc hundred crowns.
which were the finell and moft applaud- 'I'hey are hung up in the flatelieft halls,
ed throughout the empire ; and the fi;- by reafon of their greatnefs, for there
llival was the next night. The conjii arc fome twenty cubits diameter, or
rer anfwer'd, he would carry him thi- more. Within them is a vafl number
ther to fee the lanthorns, and bring him of lamps and candles, whofe light fcts
back again the I'mie night, at his eafe, off the painting, and the fmoke gives
and without the lea't trouble. In cf- life to the figures, which with wonder-
fed, foon after there appear'd chariots ful art run round, leap, and go up and
ill If and thrones in the air, made of clouds,

which feem'd to be fwittly drawn by
fwans ; and tlic king and queen mount-
down wi 'in the lanthorn. There arc
to be feen ..o/fes galloping, carts drawn,
men at Jvork on the land ; (hips under
ing them with a great number of ladies fail, Mandarines and princes going in
and muficians belonging to the palace, and out with numerous trains j armies
came to Tam-cheu in the twinkling of marching j plays ading dancing, and •,
an eye, the clouds fpreading and co- other fports with feveral motions. The
vering the whole city. The king fiiw people go about all night enjoying
the lanthorns, and to requite the citi- thefe fights, playing on inllruments, in
zens for the pleafure he had taken in companies made up of families and
their city, he caus'd his mufick to play, friends. There is no houfe rich or
and then return'd to his palace in a mo- poor, but that night has its lanthorn
ment. A month after an exprefs came either in a court, hall, or window. There
according to cuftom from that city, are alfo puppet-fliews, and others by
mentioning what had been there feen fliadows made to appear upon fine and
on the lanthorn night. Laftly, they tranfparent white filk, wonderfully rc-
lay, that five hundred years after, there prefenting kings, queens, commanders,
w.is a king of the family Sum, who us'd ibldicrs, and other things
buflx)ons,
every year at that time to fhew himfelf proper for the flage. The wonder is
f.imili.irly to all the lords, and great to fee them exprefs weeping, joy, an-
men, with the doors open, affording ger, and other palTions, with as much
cafe
't fh
i'S;
' :'
^88
Gemelli wil
1697. ric
ant
hul
bui
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fun
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ei
his
His
for
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the
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mil
and
and
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ed
ftiv:
rer
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and
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Chap.
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to but
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liice o
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year,
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D. 3
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R.
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Vol,
CH N A.
Chap. IV.
eafe as they r"ake all the figures move.
Near the Pt>godi, bcfides the aforefaid
0/ I
nation in the world

with the Chincfe in
making fireworks;
that can
this
compare
of "'97-
particular
^-'^''^^^
389
Gemei.li m
figures and (hows, there are fevera! ar- for they have been
ches cover'd with filk, with variety of known to make a whole bower of red
painting, which the light within fhcws grapes, which all burnt without being
pleafant and diverting. In fhort, upon confum'd ; but on the contrary the body
tliisoccafion there are feveral millions of the vine, the branches, leaves, bun-
(pent throughout the empire, as well in ches, and the very (tones, all at once
colour'd paper to adorn the houfes, as burning, appear'd in their proper colours,
to burn, make hreworks, and lanthorns. either red, green, or otherwife ; fo that
Mcthinks were polTible to fee all the
if it to the beholders they fcem'd rather real
empire at one call of" an eye from fome than counterfeit. But the mod ftu|x;n-
high place, it would appear all in a flame, dious thing is to which
fee, that the fire,
like one mighty fire ; there being no is fo adtive an element, (hould
and fierce
man either in city or country, or on operate fo (lowly, as if it had loft its
the rivers, but has his painted lanthorn, own nature, to obey art ; and ferv'd
and all of them made after feveral man- only to fliew the bower without burn-
ners, and that has not fireworks rep-e- ing it.
"
fcnting feveral creatures. I know .
.',!'
C H A P. IV,
Dcfcrtbing the ptiblick Attendance of the Leamqiiam Tlunto, or Vicar of tivo

Provinces, and other remarkable 'Things in Kuan-cheu, or Canton,
A;:!n- WJEdnefday the 15th of February, tr. The firft guards.

li.nceof
yy and 13 th day of the CVjw^y^ new U. The fccontl guards.
ihe near
^^^ j ^^^^ jq f^^ j|^^ Tfunlo, who was X. A Troop of Tartar horfi".
CI mo
„
',.__ _ ^. ..,.., ., -...r.„..r.
then at Canton, about bufinefs of his
„t u:„
T. Cbiiu'fc wom(!n that come to feO
frovince
employ !oynmejit Before he came out of the cavalcade.
his ^„...ce
...-
pjalac (which had belong'd to the Z. Tartar women.
petty king of Canton) three chambers
were fir'd to give the people notice of See Cut Numb. III. Pag. 389.
his coming, and then he fet out attend-
ed as follows. After dinner I went to the top of a An odd ;|t'
hillto fee the preparations, made in artrufture.
A. Chinefi drums on which they give houfe, where the vice-roy and fome
thirteen ftrokes following. principal Alandarines were to be enter-
B. A Tablet with the fign deno- tain'd at night. It had been built by
I.
ting the civil magiftrate. a Mandarine within the old city call'd
'4m
C. 2. A Tablet denoting his martial Lauchin, and confifled of one large room
power. or hall fupported by abundance of fine
D. 3. A Tablet commanding filence. wooden pillars. Over it was another
E. 4. A
Tablet to command all to like k ; both of them were fpacious,
clear the way. but not beautiful and therefore only
-,
F. Banners. afforded a noble profpedt, bccaufe they

Mr-fi'--";;
G. .Several employments, and offices difcover'd all the city. In the upper
the minifters hold. hall was a Pagod with feveral idols ;
ff. Gilt ftaves. with many of their religious men call'd

/. The dragon, the emperor's device. Taozu about them. In the firft the ta-
L. Domcfticks and fervants. bles were cover'd plentifully enough to
A/. F-lxecutioners and catchpoles. entertain the Fuyen, or vice 'oy. About
N. An umbrello. the wall there were cupboards, cabinets,
0. AfTiftants to tiic executioners. and other things of rich China and Ja-
P. One that carries the imperial feal pan varnilli'd with abundance of figures.
on his back in a purfe. Having feen what was there I came
i^ Another who carries the commif- down from the hill. At the foot of it
fion. I went in to fee a convenant of women

R. The Tfutito in an open chair, car- Bonzes. The good women ga\'e me Tea,
ry'd by eight men. and carry'd me to fee the Pagod and their
5. An umbrello of another fort. monartcry. The night following there
Voi,. IV. G g ggg was
!|i
; ;
^M
JlMI
39d ^ Voyage round the florid. Book IV.
CtMtiLiwas pubiifk rcjoycing throughout the would not permit me to go any further •,
1697. (-ity with hinihuiTii, and other lupcrfti- but from thence I look'd into the third
'-''"^'"^tious follies. and fourth courts, as big as the fccnnd
Atteii- Sunday the 19th, thrre was a great rcat thi end whereof was the hall to give
'••"« of fort of Cbinefe chriftians to the church of audience, well enough adorn'd. Havinc
1 iniMn
biiJc.
the Francifcam,
Spaniftj Monday the ftay'd there an hour, I faw the Fuyen,
c;oth, being counted a fortuncnate day, or vice-roy, Zancbyun, ami other
the
a great many couple were marry'd. As Mandarines take their leaves; the Tfun-
I Itood before the houfe, I faw a bride to, who was an old man, bi.t cf a comely
go by : Before her went fix women, prefence, and clad after the Tartar h-
with as many Cbinefe boxes handlbn ly fhion, waiting on them to the fourth
gilt and varnilh'd, in which they carry'd door with much refpeft, and civility
the prefciits covcr'd. Then foUow'a then I .Ijferv'd they went to the third
about twei.:y muficians with leveral in- gate upon a handfome caufeway that di-
ftrumer.ts, and feveral banners of painted vides the court, and there they reitera-
paper, upon long ftaves. Then came ted their compliments. The vice-roy's
the bride in a dole chair, richly adorn'd train was more numerous than the Zan-
with filk curioufly wrought, and after cbyun'-^ ; for there went firft fixteen ban-
her four relations that attended her. Ttn ners then as many tablets, on which
porters carry'd as many chefts with the were written the charadlers and privi-
gootii, the bride being of mean paren- leges of his dignity, then umbrello's;
tage. The bridegroom waited at home, thirty foldiers a horfeback ; above fifty
with his kindred, to receive her at his inferior officers, executioners, and hang-
door. men, with ftaves, chains, and wands in
A fune- IVedneMay the 2 2d, I faw a (lately fu- their hands, after whom came he in a
ral. neral. Firft went .welve paper banners, ciiair carry'd by eight men. They faid
ftatues, and other things, hanging at the Ifiinto, and two Tagins (Ta fignifies
long poles ; then about twenty muficians, great, and Gin a man in the Cbinefe
and fix boxes for burning of fweets, and tongue) were come by the emperor's or-
to carry prefents to the Bonzes. Next der to review the troops in the province;
follow'd feven great umbrello's with cur- that is, to fill their purfes.
tains about them, and many
Bonzes with After dinner faw another nuptial Apci};:
I
their copes, atteiiding the dead body. folemi.'ry. there were car-wdij,
Firft of all
cv--' The procefTion was dos'd by about an ry'd twenty great lanthorns hanging at
hundred Cbinefe, with each a cord In his poles, but they had no lighted candles ia
i!i'^t;V(^!l
of thofe tliey make of the bark of
h.-.nd, them. Next came a quantity of prefents
pounded, which burn gently. A-
trees of feveral forts, and twelve women with
aiil(i;i if niong them were the nearefl relations, clad gifts, then other lanthorns carry'd by
in fackcloth, with their bodies bowing. young lads, feveral curiofitics in filk
The Tm- Friday the 24th, thinking it a proper and paper, and laftly the bride in a fine
ti'i pa- day to fee part of the Tfunto's palace, cover'd chair.
IjCi
becauie of the vifits made him by all the Saturday the 25rh, as I pafs'd before oftmij.
Mandarines of the city, and country, the court of ihe iâncheufi/, that is, themnis,
as their and military
fuperior in civil governor of the city, I pcrceiv'd they
affairs, being captain general and
he were beating a poor wretch, and asking
vicar of the provinces of Canton and the caufe of they told me, he was
it
Kiangft, I went thither betimes. The baftinado'd for another man's crime;
firfl court was a mufket (hot and a half it b-îng the cuftom for a guilty rerfon,
long, and proporrionably in breadth, condemned to receive fo many (irokes,

where there were au'indance of foldiers to find one for money
to take them for
in tents. From two long Poles fix'd him ; ufing this cruelty towards himfelf
up there, hung two fquare yellow ban- to relieve his poverty. But the execu-
ners, with charadlers on them ; after tioner anH goaler muff be brib'd to con-
the fame manner as they are in the vice- fent to the exchange. Father Augujlin,
roy's court. At the entrance of the fuperior of the houfe whcK I lay, told
fecond court there were feveral officers, me, this abufe had been carry'd fo far
and among the reft forty in beautiful of late years, that fome thieves having
filk on which fom.e had a
garments, been condemn'd to death, their friends,
bird, fome a lion, fome a tyger, or perfwading fome poor wretches tliey
other things cmbroider'd. Being in ftiould receive fo many ftrokes for a
this fecond court, which is half a mus- price agreed on, with the confent of the
ftet (hot fquare, and going on to the goaler, whom they had brib'd, got the
third door, I met the guards, who condemn'd pcrfons out of prifon ; and
thofe
;
Book IV.
I Chap. V. Of CHINA. 391
tliofcmJferable fellows were afterwards under fevere penalties, to fell beef, pork, Gkmelm
puc to death \: the Mandarine as ha- fowl, eggs, or the like, but only herbs, '^'97-
'-^"*''*^
ving taken on them the names and crimes and grain. Thefe falls are proclaim'd
of the real malefidlors. This villany moft yean in all cities where there wants
being afterwards detected, the contrivers rain ; and they endeavour to obtain it
of it were punifli'd with death. with prayers and procefllons, and light-
Monday the 27th, the governor of the ing abundance of candles in their Pagods,
city proclaim'd a fart for fifteen days, and burning gilt and filver'd paper. If
to obtain rain of heaven to produce the it does not rain in a fortnight, the fart
rice, for there was a great drought. is proclaim'd for as long again. Turfday
The beft of was, that they made even
it and fVednefday the 28th, and 29th, 1
the chriftians fid by force, and keep prepar'd for my return towards Europe,
lent in fhrovetide > ic being prohibited and bought fonie curiofities.
CHAP. V.
The Author' i Jhort Voyage to Macao.
rcfolv'd to go for Manila^ fhip then making up under the ftcrn

BEing I
aboard the Spanijh velTel then riding of our boat, afking whether we had any
at Macao, I thought fit to wait on the fait, they laid us aboard. We hereupon
capt.iin of it to ask his confent, and beginning to fufpedt them, laid hold of
accordingly ordcr'd my affairs for that our arms, and fir'd two piftols to fright
1' ! "';sr-rilw
fliort voyage. Saturday the 3d of March, them. Being meer cowards they pre-
I fail'd late aboard a Chiampan, or great fently fell off in a fright; and went to
boat that carry'd the filks the Spani/l) take up a fpy or centinel they h.ad left
merchants had brought toMacao, and on the higheft part of the ifland. After-
made little way, as we did alfo on Sun- wards both the Cbiampans drew into the
dae the 4th, wind being contrary, fo
the privatert part of the ifland, fearing Icrt
th.it we ôuld come in fight of the
fcarce the Mandarine of the white houle up-
town of where the Spanijh Fran-
S. iunli', on information fhould fend after them.
cifcans have a houfe and church j and Whilrt we rtood upon our guard againft
tlic fame wind continuing on Monday, the robbers, I could not lave my lelf
we rou'.d not get beyond the town of from the knavery of our own failors
Aonfon. Tuejday tlie 6th, the idolatrous who making ufe of their time, in the
Jailorsprepar'd for their facrifice. The height of the hurry, ftole a little watch
wicked pilot play'd the part of a prieft, I carry'd for father Pbilip Fiefcbi. The
under an umbrello, that the idolatrous Cbinefe failorswould have call anchor in
ceremony might be the more decent, or fightof the pirates, upon pretence that
rather more deteftable. The meat w.i$ it was ebb, and there was not water
fet upon a table in Cbinefe diflies, viz. enough to go on ; but being requir'd to
boil'd pork, fi(h, and fugar-canes cut in go on as far as the white houfe, that we
finall bits with wine. Firrt he ftruck his might be out of the danger above-men-
head againft the ground feveral times tion'd,and the pilot obftinately refufing
holding his hands together, and the drum to go any further, he had fome ftrokes
beating \ then he began to mutter fome given him, and then laughing hoifted
words ; and laftly, he pour'd a little both his fails. Wc
came to Macao be-
wine on tl'.e meat, and, according to fore noon, where I was again courte-
cullom, burnt colour'd papers. After- oufly entertain'd by father Jofeph of the
wards the meat and wine was diftributeu conception, prior of the monartery of
amone the idolaters; which they gree- St. Auguftin, as I had been at my firrt
dily devour'd, vainly imagining them- coming thither, and that night being
felves to be blefAl by it. This prophane Sbrove-Tuefday, we had an excellent fup-
adion could not but produce an unhap- per aboard the Spanijh veflel, all the
py efieft. One or two Cbiampans of Spanijfj merchants being there. The fol-
robbers that were in the ifland came up lowing days were fpent in devotion,
to us. Our men thinking they had been which is great there, and the churches
guards of the canal rcceiv'd them as much frequented by men and women.
friends, faluting them with their drum. The womens apparel there is ftrange,
The robbers rcturn'd the civility lifting the whole coiiufting of two pieces of
their hands on hi''h, in token of friend- filk, without the help of taylor, fizars,
or
392 A Voyage romd the World. Book IV. Chap.
Ofmrlli or needle. One they \<^rap ;iboiit tlicir wear loiv^; breeches down to their an-
'''97- w.ille, and I'crvcs for a petticoat tlie 1 tics, 1(1 tiiat tiiey look like fo many fliag-
*j/^'ôllicr covers tlie head and hrcaft, tlic gy dugs. The condition of the poor
legs being lelt out with no other Hoc- PorlKgtt.fi ol Miuao is vtry deplorable,
kings than nature provided, and the feet forwant of trade, efpecially among the
with a fort of flijipcrs. This iiabit) tho' meaner fort. WhiUt the trade with
not convenient, is very nioilcrt. But Japan llourilh'il, the citizens were able
the ladies arc better, and more decent- to pave their llrccts with filver but -,
ly clad. They generally go in wooikn that ceafing they were reduced to ilie
chairs gilt, and dole on all fides, lilting poverty they now labour under. Tho'
after the lurkijh fafliion, with their legs the vclfel was fmall, captain Bafnttc ve-
a-crofs, the lownefs of the cliair not al- ry gcjicroudy gave mc my pafliigc to
lowing them to fit any other way. They Manila 1 and therefore having no other
an! carry'd like cages, hanging by an bufinefs at Macao, I took my leave of
iron ring faftncd to tlie top, through my friends, to return to Canton lor my
v.'hicii they run a coltllaff. The men equipage.
C M A P. VI.
77v Autljor's Return to Canton another iVaw

;!hi.(
*;-.H|
H Aving
ward upon
dred and
hir'd a chair for ciglit
fifty
Salurtl.iy
C'iappas, llet for-
10th, before noon,
hun- cellion
neral in
Before
of Tauzu- Bonzes going to
their copes adorn'd with gold.
them were carry'd feveral um-
a fu-
pafs'd by C.itia-lilanca., or white

fird brcllo's^ idols on biers, filk banners,
0W^ m
town, and tiie refidence of
lioufe, a little and others of painted paper, perfumes,
a fmali Manitainu-, and at night came anj irhcr :l:ings. Tburjday the 15th, I
to the village of '/«;«<;, having travell'd faw the I'uyen, or vicc-roy fet out with
eighteen miles. I found a bad lodging, a noble train of two hundred great boats
and worfe fup|)er in the inn, there being finely gilt and painted, belonging to
nothing to be had for money. Sunday himli-lfand the Mandarines that bore him
the 1 1 th, I fet out with a Chinefe that company as far as Fufiian. He was go-
fell into my company, and we travell'd ing thither to provide for the fccurity
i through hills and mountains. The chair-

men were fo weak that they often relied,
of a third part of his province, where
fome mutiny or invafion of robbers was
which made me in pity to them walk fear'd. The emperor had ordcr'd th.it
a great part of the way. They were for the better fecuring of the province,
nothing like thole of Nanganfu, who it fliould be divided among three one ;
carry'd me up a fteep hill, without ever part to the vicc-roy , another to the Tuu,
letting my foot to the ground. After or general of the forces ; and the third
noon we came to Aonfon, having travell'd to the Tfunto ; and every one of them
eighteen miles more. went
1 prefently to be accountable for what fhould hap-
aboard the palTage boat for a few Cbiap- jien within his divifion. Friday i6th,
pas, let lail about fun-fet, and fail'd all the little Alandarine of 1'unlan (which
night. Monday the 12th, the fair wind fignifies of the call lliore) fet out by the
continuing we pafs'd by Sciiinte. In this vicc-roy's order, to compofe the diffe-
channel, tho' it be frelh water, an infi- rence between the people of that fmall
nite quantity of oyfters is taken \ fo town and the Spanijh trancifcans; who
large, that the êm of fome of them havng purchas'd the ground to build a
weigh a pound ; but generally half a littlechurch for the ufe of the chrillians
pound V but the tafte is not fo delicious of the yhzc, had their work obftrudcd
as ours. The Chinefe ufe the Ihells in by thole people, who fancy 'd they Ihoiild
buikling, as if they were flones ; and all die if the church were built; becaulL-
the Portuguefe work them fo thin that it would take away their Fuen-Sdvy (that
they ferve inftead of glafs in their win- is, wind and water,) or good luck, as
dows. Tuefday the r^th, we irriv'd at has been mention'd before. Being re-
Canton, and I i^;urn'd to my uliial abode folv'd to depart, I took leave of .ill
at the Spanijh Francifcans. fVedneJday the fathers, and return'd thanks to the
the 14th, was going to the painter
as I Francifcans for having entercain'J me
that was at work for me, I met a pro- feveral months in their houfe.
C II A I'.
Book IV. I Chap. VII, VIII. 0/ C HIN A. 393
CHAP. VII.
'The Author's return to Macao.
HAving provided .ill things fir my me not to look upon it, as proceeding CrMFi.M
voy;igc, I put my goods anu black from jealoufy, but prudence, this being 1697.
.ibciri! tlie vclTcl on Tucfiluy the 20th, done, that none might fee what a wretch- L/"V%J
and went thither my icj} after dinner. ed condition the guns were in, which
Tiio' wc were under fiil ail the reft o\ befides that they were few were all dif-
that day, and the following night, yet mountcd, by reafbn of the poverty of
we made but little way. Ifednejdd'j the the city. So that I cannot perceive up-
2 1 (I, we pals'd by the town o\ Sciuute, on what grounds father 'yobn Jofeph of
.ind advanc'd confidcrably in tiie night. St. Tcrefa the city of Macao is "'T?- <>f
fays,
Tbiirfihiy the 2 2d, the wind being con- and that upon the corona- j^''"^"'.
vaflly rich,
,''"
trary we made but little w.iy. Friday tion of king John the fourth, it lent ,''j(,,^'
the 2 ?d, the '"•me pilot made fuch a fa- him a confiilcrable prefcnt of ready mo-
crifice,and with the fame ceremonies as ney, and two iiundred pieces of^ brafs
was mention'd before. Me would not cannon. I'he good father w.as ib fond
have us make water over that fide of of cannon, that he would fay any thing
the boat which w.is refer v'd for that fu- for it. I never heard a more extra-
pcrftilion. Coming to Mucao betimes, vagant romance, than when he tells us,
the cullom-houfe officers iearch'il the that when the Pcrttiguefe took Malaca
chelb of filks, and weigh'd as well thofe from the Indiana, there were found in
thit had gold in them, as the plain, it tliic tl"jui.md pieces of brafs cannon ;
wrought or unwrought, but tlicy did not whereas 'tis well known that number
all pay alike. The duty is inconfidera-
blc, that is, one, or one and a half per
cannot be found in many confiderable
ftrong holds in Europe put together ; and
Urn l.ltl, !.«.
'.Vt :.
i
cent. Th^ ,:rior of St. Aiigiiftin lodg'd that Malaca no other than a fmall
is
nic. The following days I fpent in village, made up of \\u\c houfes, with
vilicing the captain of the vefTel I was mud walls, or at bed of timber, and
to go in, and fome churches, and cover'd with palm-;rce leaves, and the
among the reft, the college of St. Paul, fo fmall, it could not hold
where there is part of the arm of St.

Francis Xaverius, from the elbow to the
callle
Ib m.my piece
had been hiiil .)no
.
.hat
of cannon, tho' they
upon another. Per-
m
fhoulder, the refl: with the hand being haps the two 'lundrcd pieces Macao fcnt
at Rome, in the profefs'd houfe of the the king of Portugal were taken out of
Jefuits. I'lêdnefday the 28th, 1 went up thefe .iirc" thoufand, which could never
to fee the fort on the north fide, but be found throughout all India, either
when I came thither, the captain that of brafs, or iron. The fc flowing days,
was upon gu.ird would not lulfcr me I took leave of my friends, and prc-
to go in 1 whereof making my compar'd for my voyage to Manila,
plaint to fomc Portuguefe, they delir'il
C II A P. VIII.
'the Wreck of a fmall Vefj'tU and the ivonderful cfcape, of fome of the Sailors Oi
belonging to it.
SAturday the 3 1 ft, I took a boat to go me a ftrange ftory, which I had . :.ore
fee the green 'Hand, belonging to the heard from others, of a fmall vefTel of
f'.K
fithcrs of the fociety, and not above a the coaft of Coronuindel, aboard which,
mile dirtant from the city. It is a mile he himfelf lud been a Uilor. In the
in compafs, and tho' it be all a folid bar- year 1682, it fail'd frovn the city of
ren rock, yet there is a convenient Manila, and port of Cavite, with about
houfe in it, for the fathers to take their fixty pcrions aboarv^, Portuguefe, Moon,
recreation, about it fome fruit-
and and Gentiles. The pilot being ignorant
trees of Lichas, Longans, and I'ivas, of two banks, that lie off oppofitc to
as alfo fome few Plantans, and Ananas. the iflands of Calamins, run full upon :>i:f|iii
In this ifland I found a brother, who told one of them, where the Ihi':) fplit, and
Vol. IV. IÎ h h h h '
the
'l!t.f
<k
39+ A Voyage round the florid Book IV. I Chap.
CEMEi.Litlie Roovls were loft. The Moors arnl bul. They therefore made ,1 fm.dl boat,
'^9"- GcniiUi attempting to get to ;i ncigli- or rather a theft ot boards, caulking it
'-'^'^^tjouring idanil, a (lorin riling, liiiiit with the cotton of a quilt they had,
tlictii,and tiic boat they went in. 'I'iic and inllcad of tar daubing it with tor-
reft waiting till tiie weather grew cal:ii, toiles greale. They made ropes ut cer-
matle up a cheft of boartis, the l)eft tain fiucws in the tortoiles, and fails of
they couki, anil in it went over by de- the Ikins birds lewM together.
of the
grees at I'evcral times to tiic ill.mtl, In fine, they let out without a fulikicnt
•
which was not above two miles oil', but provilion of birds, and w.iter, repo-
finding no water in it, they remov'd ling all their confidence in God's mercy,
to anotJKT, three miles from it j which and at the end of eight days, arriv'd in
they found as low as the other, very the illand of Hainan. Sixteen fiiilorj
I'mail, and without wood or water, (o landing, for two had dy'd in the little
tliat for four days they were forced to iftand, the Chtiiffe lied, feeing theni
drink the. blood of tortoifes. At length look and fo ftrangely cl.ul s
like ghofts,
ncceftity fliarpening their wits, they but having given an account of their
dug trendies in the ifland level with misfortunes, the MMilariue of the illand
the water -,
and what came into them, cauj'il them to be recover'd and rclloi'd
tho* blackifti tliey drank for want ot to their ftrength with good proviiions,
better. In the mean while, provklcnce, and then furnifh'd them with all nccef-
which never forllikes any bcxly, fed faries to home. The Poituiiiffi
return
them with tortoifes 5 for they coming coming Macao, one of ihem found
to
to lay their eggs, as they ifo for lix that his wife, believing him to be dead,
months continually, fuch a tliey kill'd had marry'd another husband i yet he
vaft quantity, as ferv'd to maintain tium. took her again, and the other was for-
WJK-n the fei.fon of the tortoilcs was ced to (eek another, which perhaps was
part, there leforted to the illand a fort no great troubli; to him.
of great lea-fowls, call'd by tlie Hpn- Before I leave Ciitia, lam oblig'd, r v-
tiiards, but more efpecialiy by the Portii- (ince it comes here into niy mind, to" :
g'tffi, PaXiiros-Bol>oi, or Paffaros-Tolos, acquaint the reader; that the Cbihrje^:''']
that is, foolifh birds, to build their women are much wrong'd in their rc-'l' ''- '
1
nefts i and thefe being very filly, as putation by the author of the relation :,»,..
their name enough
denotes, the men kill'd of the D.v/.Z) embalFy to Pdiiig. In the
to fervc them, with fticks , and thus firftplace he certainly dreamt that there
eighteen ot them, that had got into were publick whores in Cbi/ia, and that
the ifland fed fix months in the year they arc carry'd about the towns on
upon tortoifes, and the rell upon thole afTes by thofe that deal in them ; ami
oirds, whereof they laid up provifion that they cry, ff'bo Kill lake bcr to him,
drying them in the fun. They had no as other things are cry'd about the
pots to boil them, but ncceflity taught ftreets ; further adorning his book with
them to make fome of clay, but fuch as the figire of fuch a woman. To fpcak
would ferve only once. Their cloaths the truth, I have not met with any fuch
being quite worn out in feven years they piece of impudence in fo many king-
led this painful life, they flead the birds, doms and empires, as I have lecn, whe-
II': :
'^ anil ftiching the Ikins together with ther '.hey were Moors^ or other barb,i-
mcdles, and thread, made of fmall rcui nations ; and as for China, having
palintiee leaves, they made a fiiift to been in both the courts of Peking and
Qovcr their nakednefs. In winter they Nanking, and gone the fame way tlic
defended themfelves the beft they could Dutch ambaftiidors went, I never heard
in caves they dug with their hands. fo abominable a traflick Ipoke of, iiiucli
During this time feveral (hips l.iii'd by, lels could I fee any thing like it nay, ;
!ipa bur, tho* they made all poflible figns they have not fo much as the name ot
with fires to call them to their relief, whores, much lefs a toleration of them,
none ever would come to their afTiftance, to prevent the debauching of youth;
pcrliap3, for fear of the lands ; and thus and if there fhouid happen to he any
their hopes always ended in grief. At •uch women, they would be moil: li-
length they refolv'd to die, or put an verely punifh'd. So that father /'/>;.';>
end to their miferies -, for the birds be- Grimahti, who was interpreter to the
ing frighted came not in fuch numbers embafTy had reafon to tell me, that the
as theyhad done at firft and they were -,
author of that relation has writ as ma-
want of fire and good
like gholls for ny lies as words.
food, and becaufe the water was very
Suni.i)'
Book IV. I Chap. VIIL Of CHI N A. 395
Sioul.fj tlic firft of Ajril, the l.i(l C;6j- came to the captain's lioufe, witli whom Omn.n
or bo.ic lo.ulcil with lilks ar- the buiincfs was adjullcd tor illiy ducats, ""'7-
amp'tn,
was by Dumin'uk Snla, over and above '^^'^"^
rivM. It liir'il and accord-
all duties ;
{.\t\or to the Spnnijh vl-IFcI, that the fhip ingly on ll'rJmjlLiy the 4th, the head
nii"ht not be ilctuinM any longer for clerk came again with a great many un-
want of its loading. Yet they W';re fain iler clerks, and other liiiall officers to lic-
to Itay Motuhiy the .mI, as well bi-âule liver the captain the Chiappa, or liccnlc
Siincit, the Tjunto'i fervant was ablLiit, to lail, and he rewarded them tor their
who hail taken charge of that atliiir pains. 'Ibiirjility the ;;th, .fi'w.d came,
wliii:l» amounted to the value of twenty and ileliver'd filks to the value of twen-
eight thoufand and bc-

pieces of cij^ht, ty eight thoulimd pieces of eight, re-
caull- a companion of his, who brought ceiving titteen thoul'anil that were be-
the remainder of the filks, would not de- hind. l-'>iJtiy the 0th, when tlie veird
liver them without him; as alio by rea- was rc.uly to fail, I having been too
i'on the //iipii, or Chiiuff cullomer, for negligent betbre, hail a great deal of
his private intereft, delay'd Hgning ti c troublf to make the necellary provilion
Ch'.appa, or licenfe tod'jpart, which cap- tor ni) voyage in llich a iuirry. 1 lere
tain Bafurtc prefs'd 'or, that he might the re.ukr mutt give me leave to puc
fiil; the Portur- fc general, as they call an end to this volume of the account
him, allowiii^j none to fail without the of Chimu and to begin the next with
Uiipn's Iâve: At laft, on TucfJiiy the the Philippine iflands.
jtl, foMC of the chief cullomcrs clerks
It'
f\\
.
i».
A Voy (I^w*l>ffi
i
n I
n
1
( 401 )
A Voyage round the World^ by Dr. John

Francis Gemclli Careri. Part V.
Containing the moft remarkable things he faw

in the PHILIPPINE ISLANDS,
; ;
402 A Voyage round the Wo r l u. Book | I Cha p.
GEMEL-aw.iy to but tlic captain m.idc

MaiiH.i, up with Pia-ya-oiida. In this place is ,1 !h K- Be
M. thiin found out, and put aboard the
hi.' fmall with twenty .*?/v!;;;.(n/j in it, feni
fort,
idiiy. Imj'ui, notwithftanding the Moor, rather thither by the governour of Manila as ,1 fliore
U'V^J than be rurn'd away, faid, he zuould be- punifhmenr. The Domiiiuan fathers hav2 his af
Thi' ail- come a chrijlian. a miltion-houfc there, to inftruft the LiJi- rejovc
thor at
Mondny 9th, the wind being contrary, nns that are converted to die taith. Satur- Afw had'i;
I'wO.
we weigh'd anchor late, and advanced but day 5th, we fiw a prodigy upon the fea, pcrfw;
two IcaPjUL's. T/n'.'mn' loth, the wind being that is, a vaft quantity of water drawn up ly, fe
fair, we hoilled fail about noon, anil held into the air, the Spaniards call it M.nijiâ, tween
onourcourfe, not only all night, but//^t</- tlie Engiijh a fpout. Theformer laid it of wh
i:,'fihn' II til, got i of the narrow chan- was form'd in the air like a rain-bow, but nila.
nels among the illands into the opi'ii fea. would not grant upon any account, that week ;
About fun-let, we fiikd by thcIVbilc Reck, the only difterence bctAveen them, was tlui that a
whicli is very dangerous. TbitrfJay 12th, the rain-bow was comjxjs'd of fmalkr May,
the w blew lb iVefli, that we made much
inii drops, and the fpout of greater. It w.is mill jo
wav i and as before we fteer'd eaft, 10 a- the fore-runner of a mighty which ftorm, well;
void die tlats which llretch twelve miles rofe at midnight, and lafted till next d the Pc
in lengtli, from this time forward, we ,it noon, putting us in danger of being loft; 8th of
:1W flot)d eaft fouth cart, which is die direct but ceafing dien, we weather'd Cape Cd- Rdfon^ St.Mu
tfjurfe for the ifland of Mamlii. FnJiiy pones, fo call'd, becaufe of 'vo little rocks- ,'"'""",
^^liii'iiif i^th, die wind, was fo full in our teedi, lying off a litde diftant from it. This
at firft,
(i'uai'ionc
that wc could It gain -.i ground, and to cape buts out far into the fea, and is there- '.i. Manila
add to it, on >'
'tunlay 1 4th, the current fore troublefome to weather. That night the tabl
carry'd us awry to the fouthward. Suhilay we .ir.ihor'd oppofite to the bay of Maria- for one
A cilni. i-ith, die wind abated, and Monday, Tucf- mau, becaule it was not thought fit to f- and th.i
iliy, and Waliiffiliy till lun-let, wc were ter it in die dark, by reafun of t)ic fl;u-. fpcnds '
becalm'd ; but a gale llarting up afrer- Monday 7th, the ancho; was weigh'd he- H!e, pe
wards, we began to make way. I'his times, but little way made, for want of parnire
pals'd like a dream, for it lafted only riiat wind, and wc fcarce got to Cape Botan. At to the
night, and we were again becalm'd, upon fun-fet the wind blew hard, with thunder, call'd h(
Mdumlay Thurfdiy in the Morning. Di- lightning, and rain, driving us forward, velfels il
2odi, the failors catch'd a great fliark

d.;\- not without danger. Next we pafs'd hy meridiar
with a hook, and found in its belly three the rocks call'd Dc las Ptiercas y Puerijui- fiiling e
fmall ones, w.jch b'-:ng cart into die fea, tos, that is, the fows and pigs, being two tables 01
fi udded about. Some laid tlic great one great, and five little ones, at the mouth of nm rour
was and the fmall ones her young,
a female, the ch.mncl near the idand Maribeles, and place wl
uhom had fwallow'd, that they might
(Tie another call'd la ATonja, or the Nun. As tiiat the
not be loft, and they ufe to carry them un- we came up the channel, between the ifl.md a day mo
der their fins, for the fame realijn. Others Marihdes and the Punla Dinhh, or
del accord ill!
were of opinion they hatl been hatch'd in the Dciii's point, the houfe upon Mirakla as the fi
her belly out of eggs, which is more like- put up a light, that we might not mn :i- the days
ly, if we confider there are fome forts of groimd in the dark night. Perceiving th.it ty four li
fiHi that breed in dieir bellies, as is daily the guard of the idand of Has, or Miil- runs to 1
obferv'd in eels. The calm held holy S.i- heles had not difcern'd us, by reafon of the loft .in h
liirdiii and Enftci- Sunday, which was kept da. '.;nefs, wc let up a light to give notice degrees v
as well as fuch a fmall veffel would permit. anil then the enfign who was upon guard, will fall
Tto'fd.iy iJfih, the wind blew fair a while, came in a fmall boat to examine us, and fet down
but the calm remrn'il. JVcdnefday ijih, know whence wc came. He came aboard, incre.iliiij.
T/jitrjday ibih, after ?ioon the wind came and having ftay'd an hour, telling us how velKl lu^
up again, and carry'd us fo tar, that on aftiiirs ftood at M?«;7;i, went his way. .Sail- nmning (
Friday 2 yd), wc law the land of Ulccoi, ing on all night, on Tuefday 8th of Mn; fwir to .1
in the idand of Manila. Saturday 28th. we found our felves direitly oppofite to the into the
wc coafted along with a fiir wind, fo that caftleof Caiite. Wliilft we were liniwing according
i'«;/r/(i>'29tli,wcdifcovcr'd Cape Bolinao, and nearer to Manila, colonel Andaya came 3- but in re.
the land of 1'' vigaftiiaii metropolis ot the

, board to fee our captain. He was laluted by whieh
province. Monday ôth, continu'd coaft- coming, and going, with fix pcdercroi's. iicvern'd.
ing the ifland of Manila. With him came feveral others, among Oiling; a
Tuefday the of May, there being but
i II whom was D. Gabriel de Sturis of Pamfili- declinatioi
little wind, we drew clofc under die fliore >ia, who being a profedbr of the civil-law, niuft be
afid ^/<,/«(7'r7,;j2d, it was lb calm, that we as well as I, we foon contradled friendfliip. on rilis ji
could not get by two little idands, call'd They brought a gootl refrefhinent of cho- talis fliort,
I.asdoiErmanas, ov The two Sifters. Thurf- colate, grapes, melons, and other fruit ol up to the
dny :;il, made as litdc way. Friday 4th, the country, which we had need enough ol, is true
advanced no laftcr, and could fcarcc come after our ftuiguc. liappcns tc
Being
; ;
Book 1.1 Cm a p. I. Of the Philippine Iflands. 403

The ai:- Being inform'd that F. Aiitomnc Tiilioof the further it goes from the port, the Jiur- GE^!EI.
\i\.\QC is .1
v/iinit, (cm
:;cilinJ'. Meffiiia was reflor of Manila, I went a- nal motion of the fun will be the more li.
(liore that fame day to fee him, and with above twenty four hours, and therefore tlie 1 697.
Vlanild as a
faili'-Ts hav: jiis aniflanLe provide me a lodging. He fiilor will always reckon greater days, that C/ni'>J
lift till- huii- rciovc'd at my coming, for l\ 'T'ltrchotii, is,every 15 degrees he reincn'es froin the
.ith. Salur- A had lent him an account of it from Cbiiia, meridian where he fet out he will gain an
fpo::
pon tlie fca,

rcrfwading him I was an apofloliek emillii- iiour, and in 90 degrees fix hours more
IV, fent to inquire into the dillerenccs bc- than the tables (ct down ; and liftl)', hav-
rr dr.wvn up
II it M.ingiu turcn the millioncrs and vicars apofloliclv, ing run round the world , will fir,d one
irmcr f.iid it
of which opinion many more were at Ma- day lefs in his journal than is in the tables,
in-bow, hut tii'.a. Asking F. rcdtor what day of tlie and therefore will come to his port, ac-
wit k and month it was there, he told me cording to his account, a day fliort of the
ccoiint, tlni
tli.it at Mamhi, it was Monday the 7th of account of the place. In thi-; cafe he muft
cm, wastlwi
whereas according to my reckoning
A/r.'v, add all that the fun increafes in declination
.1 of fmalkr
ami journal, begun in Europe from cad to from one day to another, dedufting wh;'t
\ter. It \v,>s
weft, and according to the reckoning of is wanting that day ; all diat has been fiid
\orm, which
the PciiKgnefi, I took it to be I'uefday tlic will be rhc plainer by the following ex-
till next dly
of being loft;
8th of May, the feaft of the apparition of amjile.
•xW C.ipe Cu-

St. Mkbiui. This ilirpriz'd me very much Two vefttl: fail'il from the port of Uf-
(r lOîii?
at firft, have two Turfilays
feeing I flioukl hoii on the iftof A/i-(v 16^0, the one eaft,
vo little rocks Hjuniiig
in one week, one at fea, and the other at the other weft, and having both fail'd
m it. This 1 'ly at
round the world, rcturn'd tog-ther to the
Miiiila ; but afterwards confidering t'lat
and is thcrc-
the tables of the fun's declination arc made fimeport of /J/Z-w/on the illof A/in' 1651,
Tliat night
3ay of Mam- for one fixM, and determinate meridian; being the third after leap year. On that
(" and that all the interval of time the fun day, according to the tables, the fun's decli-
ip;ht fit to
fpends with the motion of the Piimnm-mo- nation was 1 3 degrees and 6 minutes, and
11 of the fill-,
t':!i\ performing his round, from his de- its increafe from one day to another is 18
.s wcighM be-
p.irture from one meridian till his return minutes ; that day at Lyijon happen'd to
, for want of
to tiie fame, is divided into 24 fpaces, be -Tbuifilay ; but he that had fail'd eaft-
]ape Botan. At
with thunder,
call'd hours, my admiration ccas'd. Two ward having made the days lefs, it fallow-
vi'lfcls tiiLiLfore departing from the lame ed of necefTity, diat at the end of his voy-
(T us foi"w.irJ,
meridian upon the fime day, and the one age he had a whole one pver ; and found
we pafs'd by
filling call, the other weft, with the fame by his reckoning that he was come to LJf-
cas y Pucmi-
r.ibles of declination, when they have both hon upon Friday the 2d of May, and tliere-
igs, being two
run round the world, and return to the fore faid the fun's declination was 15 de-
t the mouth of
place whence they fet out, it will appear grees and 24 minutes, which was not true,
Maribeles, and
ih.it the flip which fail'd eaft, will reckon becaufe according to the tables he came to
the Ntoi. As
a day more than in reality the fun has made, the port on the i ft of May, when the fun's
reen the ifl,\nil
according to tiie tables of declination; for declination was but 15 degrees and 6 mi-
Id Dinhh, or
as the fliip gains meridians eaftward, fo nutes. Therefore dedudling the iS mi-
ipon Mirahui
the days it reckons are all lefs than twen- nutes the fun at that time advances in a
;ht not run ,i-
ty four hours, and every fifteen degrees it day, there remains the true declination of'
'erceiving that
runs to the eaftward, the days will have the firft of May 163 1. But he that fiil'd
fliiu or Mifl-
loft an hour, and fo proportionably ninety weft, and confequently had longer days,
rcafon of the
degrees will cut off fix hours, and the fun of necefllty at the end of his voyage fixind
give notice
will fall fhort to much of the declination, a day fliort, fo that according to his ac-
upon guard,
fet down in the tables for that day either count he thought he had come to I.ifl/on on
limine us, and
incrcafing, ov diminifhing. .So when the fFcdnefdayhct'oK die firfl day of May, and
came aboard,
how
vellel h.is made the whole round eaftward, therefore found the declination on his ta-
[telling us
running over the ;56o degrees, which an- bles to be 14 degrees and 4S minutes,
his way. Sail-
fwer to a whole ilay, the failor who comes but fiw he was deceiv'd, finding at the
8 th of At};
into the j)ort, will take it to be one da\', jiort it was the ift of May, and the fun's
oppofite to the
according to his computation of lliort days, declination 15 degrees and 6 minutes.
were idrawing
but in reality, and according to the tables Therefore adding 18 minutes to 14 de-
\mliiyacame a-
by which the inhabitants ol the jxirt are grees and 48 minutes, it produces 15 de-
TIc was laluted
[icvcrn'd, it will be a day fliort of his reck- grees and 6 minutes, the fun's true decli-
fix iTcdereroes.
oning ; and therefore if on thit day, the nation on the of May.
1 ft Thus the two
Jthers, amonji
declination increafes, it is certain all that fliips we fix:ak of, according to their reck-
niuft be ilediided, that the faid declinati- oning, difter'ei from one another two days,
\ the civil-l,i\v,
on riles in a day, and if the declination becaufe that which fail'd eaft, thought
Pted frieiidlliip.
cho- lb much muft beadded, to come

fills ftiort, he came to the jx)rt of Lijlon on Friday
iment of
up to the dcelinadon of the tables, which the 2d of May, and the other believ'd
_ other fruit ol
is tme and immutable. The contrary he came on IValmfday the laft of /Ipril
[ced enough of,
iiappens to the fliip that fails wcftward ; for but according to the true account both vel-
fels
Being
CiEMEL-icls arriv'tl on the i(l of Mri\. If it Bufarle fent woril every one might carry olt"
1. 1, wltc iiofliblc to make a w.itcli fo true, as his equipage, becaule the king's duties
1697. that it rtioulii never err a Tailor departing -, were fixM at 3000 pieces of eight, whicii
'4,^'Y'NJ from Naples witli it going, and riihng was a fiiiall m.itter for the value of 2ooor)(j
i-ounil the world, would at his return to pieces of eight, the Cbincfis paying fix pa-
Ndplfs find the fame day without any mil- Cent. I lanileil with my equipage near
take. So iLttins; out of Nui-lrs at fix of St. Domiiiick^ gate, where I found an adju-
the clock, and failing ()o dtgiecs in fix tant fent by the governor, who told ir.e lie
hours, as the fun runs (were tliis poffible expefted me at his palace. I went thithor
to be ilone ) when he would believe it to immediately, and was courteoully receiv'ij

be twelve in the nuritiian he came to, as anil treated with fwcetmeats and chocolate.
it was where he left, he would to his afto- 1 le was a gentleman as honourable as curi-
nilliment find it was ftill fix of die Clock. ous, and therefore kept me with him four
H.iving therefore fouml what I fiy to be hours, ciiquiring conceri'ing the culloms of
true bv exix-rience, I fliall hereafter pro- tholi: kingdoms and nations I had traveli'd
ceed ill my journal according to the com- through il) that his coach and fix horfis
-,
.J putation of ALiiiila, finking a day I had being leaily to carry him out to t.ike the
over according to die computarion of die air, he caus'd die liorfes to be taken out to
cart and Mmm, and inilead of TKcfJay fatisfy his curiofity. When I took uiy
the 8th, I will call ir Monday die 7tli. leave he civilly otler'd me any diing I
T'ucfiliy the Sth, I returnM to the vefTel (liould (land in need of I lent my goods
for my baggage, anil dinM Uicre witii D. to an apartment in the colleges, whithir
Domiiiick tk Si'u.i tile ficlor, who llaid the redlor came to honour me, as Ik h \.1
there to take care of it, till it was liarcli- done the night before.
id. 'I'liree hours before fun-let, captain
CHAP. II.
The dejcriptioH of the city Manila, find Hsfuhuvhs.
if:'*;;
Situ.ltioii
of Mmh- MANILA
40and
is
minutes of nordi latitude,

feated in 14 degrees flill
nick's
by the river fide, the next
tower, as
is St. Bwii-
being near the monaftery

/I.
and 14S degrees of longitude. For this of die Dcimnkaiis, as fo going on the cir-
reafi)n the il.iys and nights are always of a cumference of the city ends at the cailk',
lil ill:',: :
length, or .it leallnever v.iry above an which termin.itcs the length of the citv.
7 hour winter and fummer ; but is exceflive Thus on the fouth it is wafli'il by the le'i,
hot, as being under the torriil zone. It and on the north and eall by the river,
ftaniis upon that point of land, where rlie over which there arc draw-bridges to enter
liver that conns out of the Like runs into at the royal gate, and that of Parian.
the fea ; .uid w lience Raû the Moor, wiio The palaces of Manila, though they be
\\m had t()rtify'diiimielf with ramparts, upheld all of timber above die firft floor, yet are
Bui',;!;:
by palm-trees, and fiirnifli'd widi fmall lieautiful to behold for their handfonie gal-
guns, was be.iten out by Miihad Loj'cz on leries. The (Ireets are broad, but the fre-
the ifjth oi' Jidif i:i7i. Its com pa Is is quent earthquakes had fjxjil'd their unifor-
two niiies, its lengtli a third of a mile. mity ; fevcral lioules and palaces being o-
The fliape of it is irregular, being narrow verdimwn, and little hope of re-biiiklinir
at bodi ciuls, and wide in the middle. It them ; .md diis is the reaibn why the inli.i-
has lix gates, call'd 7> los A/M<iZc/ir<, or bitiints live in wooden houfes. Alaniui con-
of the magazines ; Sîiilo Duinin^n, or St. tains about 3000 Ibuls, but thefe of fuch
D'jimi:irk ; Pan.tn ; P.wrlii Rail, or the different mixtures as to qualities and co-
royal gate; St. Imc'ui; and the Pofti^ô, or lour, that they are dillinguifli'd by lever.il
^n:
Strcngtli. die pofb.rn. The wall on th.e fide next rtrange names. This has hapjx^^n'd by thcinh.l:
Cnvile is rtrengthen'd widi five little towers, conjundion i.A Spaniards, Indians, Cbinei(s,ut:.i.
with iron guns; hut on the angle next the jVIalabarcs, Blacks, and others inhabiting
§m land is a noble Ivilwark, call'd la I'umlazt-
on, or the foiindary and beyond it ano- ;
that city and illands de]x:nding on
is alfo fallen out in the Porlnjûrfi conqiidh
it ; as
ther not inlerior to it, betwixt which two in the Eajl India, and the kingdom ul
is PiiiTla Real, or tiie royal gate, which is Pent and Mexico in the JFcJl Indies. They
alfo well furnilh'd with br.ils guns, and call him Crioilo, whole lather is a Spamar,!,
good outworks. I-'urther on is the g.itc of mil mother a ll'êjl Indian, or the coiitr.i-
Pana<i, lo lall'd bei.i..;!': it looks to the ry ; Mefttzo is the (on of .1 Spaniard, and
village of that name, ovir which there is an Eafl Indian; Cajlizo, or Tiv-zcrw;, of a
very good br.ils artillery. Going alung MeJlizQ mm
and woman ; i^/artaron ot .i
black
HAP. I. Oft/j^ Philippine Iflands, 40^
black man and 5/ii7«i/?) woman MuLi-.o of ; p'^'y'ig '^^ Melim, at their new year, andCr.MEi.-
;lu carry oil' ,1 black woman and white man; Grifo of yet this permifTion is but for a few days, 1. 1.
ng's duties .1black woman, and MiiL'tn; Samho of a that they may not throw away other men's if")?;
ght, which Muhtla woman, and an Imluiii ; and Ca- money. Metua is the ^rame- of even or C^'Y^
hra af an btdiaH woman,
;Ot' 2O00O(; and Sambo v and otid, at which they plav laying tlown fmall
ying fix pr fo other
ridiculous names. heaps of money to be won or loll by guef-
lipagc ni-ar The women of quality in Mar.ila ô in ling right. They that life this fport are fo
ind an adju -
ihe Spdiiilb
habit ; the common lort have expert, that they know the number by the
) told ir.c he no ne'cd of tailors, for a piece of Indian dimcnfions of the heap, and fometimcs
went thither lliitf call'd Sar.is, wrapp'd about their fliarply withdraw a piece to make their
Lilly rcccivM niiiKlli'i -'"J down,
lei-ves for a
lianging number fall right. The Spnmdrih keep
id choct;l;iti-. petticoat 1 and another they call Cbiiiwa theie Chiiirft' very much under, not fuller-
able as tiiri- from the waill upwards, for a waillcoat. ing them to be in chrillian houfes at nighr,
ith him four 1 lie
legs and feet (land in need of no hofe and obliging riiem to be without light in
ic tulloms ot :;iui flioos by realbn of the heat. Tlie their houfes anil Ihops, to break them of
had travdl'd StMihii'ds are clad after the Spamjb fafliion, the abominable vice that nation is incli-
nd fix horfes oiily on their feet they wear wooden clogs, ned to.
[ to take the becuile of the rains. The Indiuis are for- Over the bridge adjoyning to Paricn, or Oilxr U\-
taken out to biJ wearing llocking'5, and they mull of ne- the iuburbs or hamlets of Tcndo, Mimndo, butbs or iiff"' i"'
took my allity go bare-legg'd. Thole that live Santa Cruz, DiLw, S. AUûel, S.Juan-de-^'^"''-''-
I
any diing I lull have always a lervanl fo carry an um- Bagumbaya, Srhtiiigo, Nuiftra-Sennoya~de-
1"
my goods them fioni the The la-Ilcrtnita, Malati, Chiapo, and otliers,
nt
gcs, wluthev
htvllo
ivoinen
to lave
have fine chairs, or hamacks, be-
fun.
to the number of 1 5 in all, inhabited by
S:ft|
n.-, as lie hid iii.r hanging by a long })ole carry'd by
nets Indians, Taâlis and other nations, under
two men, in which they are carry'il at their thegovernment of an alcade. The houfes
cife. are generally of wood, near the liver and
Though Manila be fmall, if we look landing on pillars, with boats going up to
\V i^^
upon the cir'umference of its walls, and them, after the m.inner of Siam. The
the number of inhabitants, yet it will aji- tops of them are cove.r'd with Nipa, or
pf.!r large if we include its fubiirbs for -,
palm-tree leaves the fides are of cane, and
1
ivitliin a mufket-fliot of tlie gate of l\t- they go up ladders to fomc of them, bc-
riim, is the habitation of the CLiuefe mer- caufe the ground is moid and fometimcs
''
i..
chants caird Siin^kw who in feveral ftreets full of water. In the time of the petty
luve rich fliopsof iilk, purcellane, and o- king Miitanda, 7ondo was fortify'd with
ihcr commodities. Here are found all arts ramparts and cannon, but coukl make lit-
and trades, fo that all the citizens arc tle refinance againfl the Spaniards. In the
worth, runs through their hands, through fpace between thefe hamlets on both fides
t!ie fault of the Spamards and Indians, who of the river, as far as die lake of Bahi,
1 1 ri'!
rY[)ly themfelvcs to nodiing. There arc there are gardens, firms and country hou- 'i;
hout 3000 of them in this liiburb, and as fes, pleafant enough to behold, fo that
many more about the iflands which is -, looking on it altogedier, it is much like the
permitted them, if not as chriftians, at large fcattering villages of iSww
bH in hopes they may become fuch, tho' Wednefday oth, after other vifits I êWiCaliffnU
many are converted for fear of being ba- to wait
- -
uixm the father provincial of the*'^'^'!'''',
'
• . . . . ail illanJ.
1 .
nilli'd. There were formerly 4000, but Jefuits, and he being a very knowing ptr
pi-
abundance of them were put to death in ion, and who had travell'd much, parti-
tumults they rais'd at feveral rimes, and cularly in America
fpent the iclt of\ we
particuLuly that on St. Fram s eve ; m the day of feveral forts, but
in dilcourfe
160,^, and they were afterwards prohibit- efpecially arguing whedier C'lifcrnia was
id
til,
in the ifland by his cadiolick
lying
(lavina
niaiefly. 'This order is very little obferv-
always remain behind hid ma-

for there
ny of thofe that come every ye.ir in 40 or
an ifland as fome im.i
lagine, or a part of the
continent joyn'd to NtKv Spain. The pro-
vincial was of opinion it was parr of the
continent, becaufe fome fatheis of t!ic fo-
^-
'Am
50 Cbiampans loaded with commodities ; ciety having gone up the moudi of its
dieprofit being very great at A/.;«i7j, which (Ireight which is Oo leagues over, and run
tlicy could not find in China, by realbn of up it many league's, found at lall that there
the fmall price manufadures bear. The was but very litde water in the channel,
nier, -ts or SaniÛys of Peria>i are go- and could go no further by which he -,
vernd by an ahadc, to whom thev allow guefsM that long bay had no communica-
a good falary, as they do to tire folii. iror tion with the northern fea, lb as to make :'r:m
their protedor, to his lliward, and otivr Calif' rni.t an ifiand.
officers. Befides dicduti'S ;ni' cixes 10
all Ti'ttrfday loth, I went to the monaftery j;, cu
the king, they pay his maj.fl^ 1,1000 o' S Clare. The church is little, but has
pieces of eight a year for die privilege of three confideruble altars. In the moiialle-
VoL. IV. 5 L ry
. ;
406 A Voyage round the Wokl d.

GEMEL-ry arc 40 nuns of the order of S. Francis, ter. After parting two gates is the totp,
L who live uix)n alms given them by the king
I .
de garde, and dien a large place of arms;
1697. and many private pcrfons, being fuch drift oppofite which is the feco'id corps
to ,'.•
obfcrvcrs of their niles that they receive no g.irde, the governor of the caftle's lioui;',
\yY>^
portions nor fervants. Thefc good religious and another pl.ice of arms,
women came firft out of New Spnin in 1 62 1 The college of the fathers of the focietvjof,;
Cliapplc Next faw the royal chappel feated befort
I is very la'-ge, and ackirn'd with high aikicolL:
royal. the caltle, apart from the governour's pa- long vaults and fpacious dormiio-ies, ha;
lace. It is well .idorn'd willi images, and all above the ground-floor is wood I'or K;,ii-
the high altar is all gilt, as are the two fide of the earthquakes. For the fune ivalJii)
ones, and tiiat in the wall on the right it is all rup|)orted by high pill.U:;, that
hand. At
end of the chappel there are
the die weight may not lye upn the w.di'vhich
two quires, one over another, both well would not be able 10 withflnd fucli fli.ik-
wrought. Eiglit chaplains fervc it with ing, whi.'h fame thing is 'ifed in all tic
an allowance of i pieces of eight per •; houfes in the illinds.In die middle is ;i
month, and 50 to the chaplain major, all ftately eloiller, and die church, which i;
paid out of the king's revenue, and thele one of die bcit in the city. The liii-Ji altar
may be chang'd at tlie governor's pleafiire. is made like a fcnii.i'cl , all well .idornM
They are oblig'd to bury the foldiers, and with pillars, and dt-lirate carviii;r richly
have a (ettleil allowance for maffes for their gilt, which Ihiiie'; the more by rM(()ii of tl;,-
fouls. U|)on great days the governor is on nearnefs of the ciipolo. Six odier altars well
the right or gof]xl fu'e of the altar, with gilt anfwcr the, high altir. The front- 0-
a chair on a lloor lifted, up a rtep, and the ver the great gate is of c.irv'd ftonc v^ry
o\ikrt's or judges of tlie king's cou'i on the fightly. This college is of the invocatioa
left, next to whom are the akndcs of the of S. TgnUiiif, and was founded upon the
iSjvfii-l city. arrival of the lirfl bilhopof .Wiw'/./ in .jg, 1
Orohins Frhhiy \ itli, I went to the church of by Anlnny Scdnio-y-/llo)!fo.

/•'.
Joiniiip- to
liofpital. tlie .^fTt-ricor.iiii, dedic.ucd to J^'. Eliz.ihlh, the lame is the college of S. Jofiph, where
in whicli du orpl'.an daughters of
monallery at this time there are 40 collegians ftu.lvin^
Spn'.Linis and ALjfizcs are receiv'ti, and if humanity, philofophy and divinity ;' tljr
they 'narry have a portion of ^00 and all degrees are given in it. It has particu-
fometimes 400 jiieces of eigiit given them. lar r-^venues befides the king's allowance
It' tliey will be nuns they have alio an al- and fome collegians pay 1 50 pieces of eioht
Ks
lowance for it, they are 40 or 50 at mod. a year. They are clad in pur[ile with red
The church has a tine high altar, and two cloth gowns. The graduates, by way of di-
fiile ones. ftinifbon from
the humaniils, wear a thing
Auguf.m- Salurdiiy 12th, I was in the monaftery of the fame clodi.
like a collar
itii. of the fithers of the order of S. /Iii^tiftin, Monday I went to fee the cathc- Crjv-ij
14th,
wiiicli is very large and has fpacious dormi- dral, which is large but not well adorn'd
tories vaulted. The church is alio vaulted, within, the walls being bl.ick, and th? al-
but low. There are in it ; altars well i tars in no good order. It has in all i:
pip '
'
gilt, and fome of diem with ante{X'n-
diums of beaten filver.
rich uid handibme.
The facrifty is
On the outfide the
chap[)els
The
a fide.
roof
andaltars befides the high altar.
fupporced by 12 pillars, 6 on
is
The quire is near the great g.ite,

church has a go<xl front, but molt of '.e and there fits die archbilhop, whofe reve-
ftriiftu''e is wootl, becaul'e of the continual nue is 6000 pieces a year, widi 12 c;-
earthquakes, fo diat it was eafily burnt in nons who have 4 or 500 each out of the
1 There are
5.^2. in die monaftery about king's revenue, becaufe there are no tithes.
30 religious men. F. Francis - Domiiiick - de - Salazar came in
The ca- S:i:iil.iy i 5th, I faw the caftle of S. 1581, to be the firft bifiiop of Manila, and
^'Jt. J'H'ifi, feated as w.is laid betcire, at the the firft archbifliop in i-^gS, was /•'
l^-.ui-
well end of the city, on one fide

fluit in liu^-dc-Saiili-Bamicz of the order oi' .'^.
bv tilt fea, ard on die other by the river. Francis.

The ditch that p.irts it from die city is ve- TuMjy i5di, I fiw the church of the Birete
ry deep and fill'd widi the Rood, there is a barefoot fithers of the oriler of S. Aii^vjlh:, Amf.v
drawbridge over it. At the two ends of which dio' fmall is well fet out, there being''"'-
the ditcli there are two bulwarks, one clofe 7 altars well gilt, and the roof hamilomc
to tlie rivi r, the other not far from the fea, enough. IVfdvrfday 16th, I was in tlv-c-,..,;
but lurniiird widi giK)d cannon. Tlie o- church of c*^. Do/iinick, which if it werenot-'"''
ther point of die triangle welhvard near the dark, would be one of the beft in the city.
fea, is defeniled by a great tower, which There are in it 8 alf.rs well painted, hut
guards the moutli of the river, and the not well gilt, no mo"- th.in is the ro >f
port (which is oi.ly fit tor (mail vefTtli) The dormitoiies jt\ gill .ri -s are lais' e-
Willi two imall batu.rits level witH :!iv, ,v.i riougli. Tiicfe r.ligiojs iiie.i came tu I
, J
I ,
Of the Philippine Iflands. 407

Is the CO)
I', tie at Mav'tla in 1587. Adioining to I'-e Thomas but in the other they admit
-, tiioP.' Gemel-
ice of arms •,
church is the college of i*?.Thomas, whole of Mejiizos, who are clad in blu', and 1.1.
vid fojy.'j ,1: maintains 50 collegians, ro fhidy

r.-vemie oblig'd upon feftivals to ferve in the royal 1697.
.iftlc's hoult', the feiences. Their habit is green, with chapjxl, as maint.iin'd in a college of a Ui'Y^
carnation (Iitten gowns. There is another royal foundation. They are receiv'd gr.i-
)f till.- fo;:i0rVj;|\; ;
college callM of S. Jol.m Lntn\in, belong- tis in both of them. His carholiek maj'f-
ith lii;rji aiKitoUc; in!T lame Dominican fathers, where
to the t) of his goodncf'i allows oyl for the
O'"' r!'t(.
niiro-ifs, It.i; about 70 boys are t.uiglit to read and write, lamps, and SfuK'/b wine for the nuni-s to
voo'.l lor ti ,11- to be reniov'd from tlience to that of S, all the churches here mention'd, pm! ,;11 o-
: r.iinu i-i-.ilb'i Tl.'(,mn>, there to (ludy humanity, philofu- thers in the iflands. But where there are
pill.'.rs, th:',t phy and divinity, and to take their degrees commendaries or b ironies, the potle(l()r
1' :;.::'i'"
.!!!,
lie wall 'vhicli as they do in that of S. Jnfiph ; yet with pays the curate, and every 500 houfes are
id luch nuk- tills di.R-ren'v, that none but the fons of .!>/).z- made to allow 2 5 pounds of oil.
ed in all tl'C KitirJs are admitted into the college of S.
L' inicUlle is x
roll, whi'.h
'he hii'Ji .ilt.ir
i;
CHAP. III.
wvll .idornM
arvin;^ richly JV'at fiiore the author faw in Manila, after his vetunifrom Cavite. -.^*V' «.:
J rMfon of ij-,,'
h.er altars will

AG.'lenn being (liortlv to fail for 'Sc-ii} particularly Carolina, difco\'er'd fome years
1^ • iv't&s»«Mi'l
The fron'- o- /:',;o-' '/.v/, whither
I was defiious to fie.ee, die conquell: wlnreof had been laid
'd ftonc v>;ry go, I delir'd iliegovcrnour to ^v'.nt nv my p.fide. Sii.'i:/\'la\' icfth, I raurn'd to Miiiii-
the invocitioa palliig" aboard it ; which he veiy honoj- /.;, and betaul'e the religious mirt.:r'd at
nde<l upon the r.iMy di'l, notwithflanding the {M-uit iliifi- my flay in the monallery, I thouglu of
tdii'l.i'm i.j8i, ciikii': th.it commonly ocur in lli'h calcsv leaving that lodging, that the F. re&ir,
'. Joining to beevaife there .ire a great m;ny.S7 f ?'/')?' mer- who had entertain'd me fo cou-'tioufly,
Jofcj-h, where chants that delire to come from thence e- might not hear diofe iiidifereet complaints.
•giins ftu.lying; viry year to the Pl.'ili: line ifl.inds on ac- 7'liey fiid my apartm.-rr was for thofe wlo
divinity i for count of trade, and there is but one fliip, were to pertorm the ipiriaial exeirife ; ,-ind
It has panlcu- which cannot carry lb many, and there- they knowi'P.g my fneedy -U partir? v,-( al I
;'s allowance; fore they get mighty recommendations to not allow me leifar- to -nter upon it, as
pieces of eight fecurc theii- paflage a year before. Mow- having bulnefs to do in the city, told n\^
urple with red ever the governor, bccaufe I was a ftranger, I might ilay, if I would go upon that aft
, by wayofdi- .ind he had all this while taken much plea- of piety. Being fenfible o!' what they
wear a thing fiire with me, prefer'd me
in difcourfing aim'd at, I told them I had not lb m.icli
til. before another ; ordering me to go to Ca- leifure to perform diat dcvo'cion, which
fee the cathe- C::! iiti\ where the galeon lay, and he would requir'd tinic and fedatenefs, and lb left
well ailnm'd order I fhould h.ive conveniencies allow'd the apartment.
and the ,ilme aboard Accordingly I went on
it. Siaiilav remov'd to th.c apart Rovil
2odi, I hot-
has in all n 1'hiirfiliiy 17th, and iiaving a little cibbin ment of F. of -St. Paul, ch. plaihP'"'-
ylntony
Ithe high altar. adign'd me, which was to be my prifon for to die royal liofpital. This hofpital was
pillars, 6 on a voy.ige of 7 months, I found much dif- founded for the Spar.ijh Ibldiers. The king
:hc great gate, ficulty about my diet; for the captain, pi- allows it 250 pieces of eiglit per month,
whole reve- lot, mafler ancl mate, being defu'd by whereof 40 to tlie chaplain afciretaid, 25
widi f2 c.-,- the eallellan of G/L'i/^'to admit me to their to the ajiothecary, 25 to the lleward, 25
\\c]\ out of t!;e uble, exeus'd themfelves, fiying. They to the phyfician, and other officers, and
are no tithes. hail already undertaken to furnifli l"o many the rell is (pent upon the fick Befules, the :
•zar came in pafTengers, as could be maintainM by the king allows fowl, rice, grain, wood, fait,
|f Mainhu ;ind provifions they were allowed to put aboard. fweetmeats and cloth. As for the fabriek
was F. Ii>:i- I was therefore oblig'd to agree with the it is very large, with galleries that will hold
order of S. boatfwain, who with. dilBculty contented :;oo fick men, and rooms for all fervants.
to do it for an hundred pieces of eight, to This was burnt in 160-5, wlicn a
holpical
rhiirch of theBjrdoo: oblige the governor of the caflle ; where- great p.irt of the city was confum'd, .as
.is it is ufu.il to p.iy 5 or 600 piece's of alfo die monaftery of St. Dominick, and the
It, there being'' eight tor a cabbin and diet, becaufe tlic king's magazines. Mtjnday 21ft, I went
|)of hani'.lonic cabbin cofls more than the provifions. to retui'n governour thanks for the fa-
tiie
was ill thec.Ti;;«|. Friilay lodg'd at Cavite in the

18th, 1 vours he h.id done me, he being then at a
I if it were nit"""' houle of Jofeph of Milan, who had been little country houle in a fmall illand made ''
• (' .
..lit
Ifl in the city. ô years married at Cavite. He was maf- by the river, half a league Irom the city.
piintei.1, but ter or chief pilot to a fmall velTel of the tie was retir'd thither to be inore at leilure
di is the re, it. king's, which was by his majcfty's order to to dilpatch the galeon, the court being
3 .ire l.iv?,e e-
tail Ipeeilily for the Marian iflands, with fhut upon die fame ocealion. This lolds
cunie lu I-
^- fupplies, and to difcover the fouthcrn iflands for a month, that all the minifters may
lle have
ii
•llin ,
n 11
i! 1
;
408 A Voyage round tbe Wo rlx^. Book I.
GEMEU-liavc time draw up

to write to court, and Tiiefdiiy 2()t\\, tlic porter of the royal court CnuR nt
Li. all procefles and informations that are to rticw'd it mi'. We went in at anotluT diwr'"'''"''";
)6o/. he fent thither. The huufe is handlbme tliin tliat wiiich Icai's to tin* govL-riior's a-
^^<'V^ iho' tlie upper apartment be ol" v.ooil. Tiie jiartiiient, and goinc up a large lliir-cafe,
garden is ple.ifant and has the prof|Kft ot came and then into the
into a fine galk'-y,
river, on whieli boats are continually
tiie h,dl liamlfomi'ly hung with dam.isk. At
going up and down, carrying provifions ilic end was I great canopy, and under it a
to tiie city from the lake of B<ihi. 1'ucf- ing bene!) covir'd wiih filk, on which the
Awjiflirii- iln' 2 2d, I went two miles out of town to governor fits in the middle of the oydores,,
"'"• fee the Doliiim, or paridi of t!ie fathers of t)r judges, wlio take place according to fe-
the order of St. Aiigitftiii, otherwife call'd niority, with a great table before them co-
lîic(lra-Sciwrd-dc-los-yniu'dws. i\\\ die front ver'd with crimfon velvet, ail eight (h ps
and infide of the church was .domed by a above the Hoor. advocates or law- The
PcrlKgiii-fc' fither, with oilier and other yers generally fit on two low benches, out
from under the c.mopy, anil on another litde
'
•*' pM-flulls artificially placed, as in the cloi-
fter and g.dleries above lb that any Iban-
•, bench tiie relator, or clerk, below on tli-
ger diat takes the pains to go thither, does fliwr of die hall oppofiie to the judgi who ,
not think his labour bit. Before the gate as tliey fit together in a body have riie ti
is a fquare bank of flover; pa-ted in the tie of highnels given them. Adjoining to
form of a crofs, with little trees that are a this hall is another rixim, where they ule
Fmtu-if- great beauty to it. IFeJitcjddy 2?d, I faw to meet to confult about important atlairs.
<"" the Fiwicifcaus. Tiieir church is fmall, Tlu-re is alfo a chappel to fiy nials in, .ill
but has fi.x altars well gilt, and aLlorn'd wiU hung with damaflj, and other filks 1
fuit.ible to the poverty they prol'efs. Tiiefe and all the llrudure beaulify'd with gillc-
fathers came to MdH':!a on the 2d ol vies plac'd for the judges to divert them.
Atiîift \3'J'J^ ;>"d were dillributed to take The governor's p.il.ice adjoining to it,Gov,r
An hofpi-care of pariflics. 'JburfJuy 24th, I went dio' a timber building for the moll jiart, is no; '.p.
t.il.
to fee .'5t. monaflery or i-.ither
Pott-iiciana a large and hanilfome. It is fquare, and thi'^'"
hofpital, founded by the king for 10 pixir windowsand galleries uniform on every fiilc,
orphans, to wliom lie allows a competent as Well widiout, as in the court, and wants
maintenance, and a portion when du y mar- nodiing eidier tor orn.'.ment or conveniency.
ry. Marry'd women are alfo admitted, Before iti^'. a fpacious par..de,.on which, by
and lend women put in by the magirtrates. realbn of its iarg^nefs, and being but litd;;
but they have no communication with the frequented, there grows as much grafs and
i!>
16 orphans. The whores are maintain'd liay, as would keep fe 'eral hoi lis.
'•V ;-
by die king, and they are ro work for I w.'nt to DdtW, a pa-iJcv
H'ciliii'fday .ôth,
him The church three decent altars.

Iia.'> lifli belonging to die F.ccolcti. The chiirrh
1 f .1. . ! .
(,,,,
I'rhlay 25th, I v.rnt out at the Punla rcil, is fmall,and the iDUvent no f^gger tli.ui
S'- h'lta- or royal gate, tothe hofpital of Sx.Lazdru^y for eight tryai's. 'TbiojiLv .îft, I law th:/
rid. a mile from the city. The men were parifli belonging to the fathers of the focii-ty
the under gallery, and the women in die widiout the walls of the city. The churtli
upp'T, all well firv'd at the king's expence. is large, but indillirendy adorn'd. There
W.. Iking out on Sunday 27th, I went fo they adminiller die faeraments to the tti-
far beiore I bethought me, th.it I was near }i,fi chrillians, and preach in their langii.ij;,
Pinvdcr- the powdir-houfe three miles from the vicy. Inday the fird of Jiini', I went to [u
liourf.
Goins in 1 found it was a fmall fort, with the Domin'u:ui.- church of Piiridn, wla.ji
little towers and fmall guns on them, and is well adorn'd, and tirv'd by three pririb,
within the pl.ice feveral rooms where they who allifl the Chiiuy and fiididnu 'i'liis
make the {X)Wiier for the king's ler\ace. is all that Al.iiii.'d alibrds r;markable for
Trick- Alondiiy 2Sth, I fiw a cockdlglning, a churches, pal.ices, or any other thing. I
fighting, fport fo much u-'d in the Philip/ iiu- ifl.inds, fliall conclude diis chapter with a llrange
that whole families are niin'd by it. Tiny paffage told me by /•'.
Francis Bor^:.:., of
breed them tame, and apart, that tiiey may the foeiety of Jefus,procurator of the
be the more fierce when thev come toge- minion in tiie Philippiiir iflands, and hy le-
ther. The owners lay great funis on their veral religious men and citizens of reputati-
heads, and fallen gavelocks on their Iv.els on. In die year 1680, D. Maria df ^'^li-
then they make diem jk'ck inve anodier on ros. Wife to D. was deli-
Jofcj'h Aniii\o,
the head, die more to cnnige then., and ver'd .It going two years with
Miiiila., after
then fet them down togedier fo arm'd. They child, and the birth was declar'd legidmate.
fallon more like lions than cocks, attack- The matter o' faft is publick, and well
ing, and lifing one againfl: another, till known, and haiipiai'd very lately, hut it be-
they tear their very bowels out, and one is ing a vry diffi-ult matter, and almotl iin-
Icft dead, or fi wdunded, that the other pofiible tu go tsvo years with child, the
lemains niaiUr yf tiic field. reader may believe as he pleafes.
c II A r.
p-i
Book I.
Chap. IV. Of the Philippine Iflarids. 409 mmw
Gemel-
lyal court C"""
tluTdi)or
;rnor's
l\,iir-c;ifc,
;i-
)"'''"•"=
m"
C H A
The author^s Jbort joiirtiey to the i^he of Bahi.
p. IV.
LI-
i6qy.
mm
1 inio ihc
,isk. At jfJ[AVING a particular curiofity to fee know how to cliufe in the thick woods fuch
uikIlt it ;i
Briagcs
6\j^ ^,^^ iî^g jjf ^^^.^ J j-^, ^^^ rewards trees,whole fruit ripens at certain feafons,
which thi: it on Saturday the 2d betimes.
a horieback which they devour all the night, making
iL' oydoirs, Alter riding fix miles, I pafs'd through fuch a noife that it is heard two miles oft' . :.,\:< ,l» ',.:' i'i'f
;•'-.>' i'-i'îif '1*
ling to t't- Paraph uh, a parifh belonging to the fatJiers About break ot day they return to their
them co- the order ot St. Auguftin, where there be- quarters. The Indians feeing the beft fruit
•ight ^\.^\K ing a bridge of Canes over the river, the God has provided for their fuuenance, efpe-
cs or huv- horles were fain to be fwuni over, which cially the Goyavas, and pears, deftroy'd
nihcs, lut was relocated a league further in palTng ano- by thcfe fcurvy birds, kill all they can of
lolhi r litil„' ther channel where there was another bridge them i and revenging themfelves thus at
low oil til" of canes. What with thelt delays, and once, fave theirfruits, and provide them-
jtlgt , wlm the guides not knowing the way well, night felves meat, eating tiie bats. They fay
\;ivc the ti- overtook me near a firm of .St. Peter, be- their fleth taftes like rabbit, and indeed
dioiiiiiig to loniîng to the fathers of the fociety, whei'e when they have flea'd them, and cut olV
•re tlu-y ule [ was forced to lie. The fither who re- their heads, they
are not at ,ill unlike
•t.uii ,ill[iirs. fided there made as much of me, as the them. Thty tiKe as many as they pleafe > iH";
m.il-. ill, .ill country and fmallnefs of the place would without any great trouble, for they bring
other TiIk'- i jK-rniit. down a great many witii an arrow. Tuef-
with gilli-- Sunday proceeded on my journey,
31I, I diiy 5di, I went to fee the water of the
vat them. but the ignoi...it huiiau having carry'd me batiis -, whefe:)f there is at the monafte- ! 1
)iiiing to it, Gov,: again, as he did the day before, into plow'd ry a great rivulet, which runs into two
moll p;irt, isnoi'-p. lands and wootls, where he knew not how neighbouring baths. It is fo violent hot Hot wa-
.i;\re, .iiui the'^"' to get into the road again, I was oblig'd that there is no enduring a hand in it ; butters, ''• :i3'iiti'î*
)ii every Cu\v, to put into yijîmn, a firm belonging to tiie if a hen is put in it fcalds off the feathers,
t, imil wants Domiiiicuns. I heard m.its, antl then to be and the very flefli from the bones. And
conveniency. rid of the tolly of my guide t(K)k a fmall not only a hen, but if a crocodile fhould
on which, liy boat the bell I could get. leaving the happen to go into it, the water would kill
eing but link horfes with a Doininknn father, I \,ent up it, and fcald the fcales off The finoke
luch grafs ami the lake, where I
the ri"er to was well wet which rifes from the fpring, is no lei's
Di fis. with thewater the wind threw into the boat. th:inthat of a flaming furnace. It flows
Diuw, a pr. !!(.,,.•.
Not ixing able to crols a fmall bay, to go from the neighbouring mountain, ami run-
The ciuirch to Barnes, ov the baths, as I delign'd, I ning under the monafte ry, calls fuch a heat
^ggtr than took a bigger boat that happen'd acciden- up to the fweatiiig-rcxim, that it cannot be
I law til-- tally to come in my way. About fun-fet endur'd a quarter ofan hour ; for my part,
of the fociety it carry'd me to Bugnos, or tiie baths, a I was no fooner in, but I leap'd out again.
The church p.uidi of the Realets, where I was courte- A Pcr/;/^«i?/^ had the care of building thcfe
M. 'I'hcre uully receiv'd. Baths with the alms of charitable perfons -,
to the Ci:- Monday 4th, tiie Ii.diaii toki me the boat afterwirds by die king's order an hofpital
ir langu,!.;/. was gone, becaule tiic water-men came was built there, but the care of the fick in
went to iu iiiither with an ill will ; and I having a proccfs of time has been l.iid afide -, and
ill-.Jrl, w'uldl iiiiiul to go to anoth 't little Like, took the fathers refiding there take care of iouls,
three prii-lls, a-other boat to c.irry me to it. I'his lake and not of bodies. It is to be obl"erv'd,That
[;,;;•!. This is incompafs, but very deep, and in
Imall the water, though mineral, is as clear and
narkable toi- the it they find no bottom. The
middle of well tafted as any other water, and being
ler thing. I water is blackifh, though it Itands on a cool'd is excellent to drink. I drank it all
ith a Urange mountain not far trom the great one, whicli the .viiile I was there cntertain'd by the ii-
miy proceed from die minerals under it. In t lers, wJK) ufe no other.
rator ot the it there is a fort of unfivory bony fiflies. n'(:'ii:,:fu.;y 6th, I went half a league from A coUl ti-
s, and by li'- About it in the day time there is an infinite the inonaltery to fee a little river, which ^''^''''^'•r
is of reputati- number of large bats, hanging on the runs from the mountain, and whofe water"""''"'''
'.aria de ^^fi- trees, one by another in rojies. But to- is cxceffvecold, and very v/holefome. Yet
\o, was dcli- wards night they fiy away in fwarins to its chan.nel is upon minerals, for digging
wo years with the woods a great diftance off to get their a little in the find there rifes ;t very hot wa-
4
I'd legitimate. food, and fometimes they fly lb thick to- ter.
ck, and well 'j.ither, that they darken the air with tiieir As tor the great lake of B:il'<, it is very Bali lake;
My, but it he- f.Llhy wings, fome ot them fix fpans long, lon,r but narrow. Round about it, being
ld almoll iiu- which I was an eye-witnefs to whillt I ttaid gc miles in compafs, there are feveral mo-
Ih child, die attheaforelaid5rt^«oi, or the baths. They nalleries of Fr/mcifnUn, Aiguftiiiiam, and
Vol. IV. ;1 M JejulU,
IC 11 A !' -A-
im 'I
;
410 A Voyage round the World. '

Book I,
Cif.MiL-"fefuils, bccaufc the pl.icc is well peopled, as fliarp as nails, or ratlier like a faw, tliir
I.I. anil till'd by the Indian!. It abounds in pierces and cuts at once. TIk; m my cro-
! 697. fifti at all times. There are alfo in it croco- codiles of this Like do much mifchief, for
but not like ours. there is never a year but tlu-y devour m;\ny
C^Y"^ diles, and I'word-filhes,
'Dicf'; tuo together furioufly, becaufe
iiîit people, and kill horllsand cittk- thatp;ra/.
the e'.otxKliletiiiiiking iiimfclt' abfoliite lord about, or lirink at the \.\ki\ The ImH.nr
of the lakes, cannot endure any otiicr filh revenge themfe'viis 'ayin;' fnares for tlitm
of prey ihould be in tliem. For the moll with pieces of ••' .t, or Jo;i;s, for the cro
part the I'word-fifli gets the better, for he codiles are fuch lovers of dog's flefli, thar
jierceiving his enemy arm'd with fcales they will leave a man for it. Thurfd.iy 71I1,
which bear off the ftroke of his fharp I return'd by water to Vii^nnn, where I found
fword, dives under water, and ftrikes tlic my horfcs had broke their halters, ,ind were
crocodile in where he has no

the belly, run away, which made me flay till others
Icales, and fo kills him. I was fhew'd a were tiken in the firm, which carry'd mc
fword fix fpans long with teetJi on the fides, to Manila on Saturday the 9th.
>'^ CHAP. V.
Of the government of Manila-, and the adjncefit iflands.
Arclilii-
Oiop and TH O' the Philirpine iflanils are very
remot" from Euroje, and from his
from all the idands ami it tries viol 'ncc^
-,
coinmitted by church-mt;n like the court nf

bifhops.
catholick majefty's court, to whom they I'lii-rcd in .S'/vnV;. Tho govcri.or Gr^ i" i'; ,is
are fubjeft, yet they are excellently govern- prefident, but has no vote. It it when they are
ed. For fpirituals, an archbifliop
there is cquallv liiîded he appoints a doôr to iîvc
at Manila choien by the king, who decides a calling voice. D. Gabriel de Sltiris aClcd
all matters not only in his own diocefe, but tw'ce in this capacity whilft I was at ALi-
all appe.ils from his fufTragan bifhops. If nila. Tho* a fmall matter would fuffice to
the metro|X)litan's fentence dws not agree maintain an Oydore, or judge, becauf- pro-
with the fi'll, there lies an appe.d to the vifions are cheap, as are (lufis for app.irel,
neighbouring bifliop v!l Camcrina the pojie's and all other neceffiiries for decency a fid- -,
delegate. The king, as has been iaid, al- dle horfe being fold for ten pieces of tight,
lows the archbifliop fix thoufand pieces of and enough to keep him a month for two
eight a year ; and the bifhops of Sihn^ Ca- yet they have a plentiful allowance, each
•
\ir\:
meriiiefs, and Caâyan 5000. Brfides thefe, of them being paid every four montlis i lori
there ivfides at Manila a titular bifhop, or pieces of eight. The follicitor has over and
coadjutor, by the iS'/ii/wwri^; call'd OWz/Ôt/t' above 600 pieces of eigiit a year from tlu'
iinillo, or ring-bilhop, who fucceeds in the San^ley, or Cbinefe merchants, as their pro-
firit vac'.nt cluich, that there may be no tedtor, and 200 more as follicitor for the
intermilfion in tlie care of fouls during fix cruzade. The governor's falary is i?;?oo
years before a new prelate can come. As pieces of eight ; 4000 as general, 4000 as
for the inqulfition, there is a commifiary prefident of the royal court, and 5 500 as
appointed by that court at Mexico. civil magiftrate. If the governor dies, thf
<.nvcrnor For tlie timporal government there is a eldeft Oydore or judge receives tliis fal.iry,
inj court, govi'-nnr with the title of captain general, and manages the martiil and civil govern-
.uid p'rfi'liMit of the royal court, wliofc au- ment for which he is afterwards accounr.i-
•,
thority lafts eight V '•Its V and four Ovdores, ble to the new governor.
or judges, and a lolicitor, but thefearcfbr Were not the Philippine I/lands fo n- CKi:r,:i|
life. When this court was erefted in

584, 1 mote, that government would be coveted i""'
it confirted of two Ov</^r«, or judges, and by the chief grandees, becaufe his govern-""""!
a follicitor and tiie prefident was doctor
•, ment is unlimited, the jurifdidlion liri?",
Siniiia.'O iL Vn-a. Sometime after a third the prerogadves not to be parallel'd, the
jud|_'c was addetl. Experience afterwards conveniences great, the profit unknown,
flicwinp;, was no need of fuch a
duit there and the honour greater than that rf via-
court, it was liipprefs'd by order of the roy in the Indies. But, as I fiid, the clif-
king Jiid council, ami inftead of it a body tance makes the greatnefs of this jioll not
of 40'.' men rais'd, which was jierform'd to be known in Spain. To flievv fonie
in 1590. But in 1598, it was again eredt- thing of it, the govcmour befides the ci-
cd, and 1). Framis Ti.'lo was appointed vil government, and adminiftration of ji'f-
piefident over three Oydores., or judges, and tice, which he excrcifes with the royal court,
4 fcllicitor. This court does not only re- has the gift of all military employments,
(eive appeaN from die common magiftrates makes 22 alcades to govern as m.iny pro-
'>f liie city, which are two Akadcs, but vinces, and appoints the governor of the
Miiridi:
; -
'^'^
Book I.Ichap.V. Of the Philippine Iflands. 4ir îlf î •
'.
a f.iw, tli;ir AfdWrtwifland'!, when one dies, till the king 60 days allow'd them, after procliinationGEMH-
.; miny cro- names another, l-'onnei'ly he made the go- made through the provinces to bring in i.i.
milchkr, for vernors of the iflands i'ormnfii and Tetnale their complaints, and ^jo days to profe ute 1607.
devour m;\ny (one of the 5 moluccas) when they were before the judge, who is gener.illy thcfuc-WY">J
tk- tlv.u gra/j fubjcdto the crown of Spu'w. He alio be- cedor in the governmenr, by fpicial com-
'I'hi- Imll.iM ftows all the KncomiemJas, or lordfliips o- mid'ion from the king, and
his fupre.im
UTS for tl.tm ver IiiJians, {riven as a rcw.ird to (iildicrs council of the Indies; which refeives to it
, for till' no- that have ferv'd in ludi.i. Tiielc are givin lelf die judging of liimc matters of conic-
2;'s flcfll, llur for two lives, the wife and children fin qu'-nce. Tin refijre the juc'ge haviiiir rc-
f'l ..i,:4'ij-:i
ceeding in them, after whieh the 1 iiul re-
;
TInirfil.iy 71I1, ceiv'd all informations, withc/it dn.idin;^

whiTf I found turns to the king. Thefc Fmnmeiufcro> or any thin^, returns all the proo it'i-nr, t'^
'n„f. .
'.
tcrs, .iiid were lords, receive the duties that flioiild be paid court, after giving lenience in tl.ole cai^.-;
lay till others to the king, that 10 royals from mar-

is, which are him.
lett The O-dorea, or
to
:h carry'd mc rid men, and e, from others but thefe -, judges, who govern afier rhe ,';(;Vvrnor's
:h. lords arc oblig'd out of it to allow towards death, or are removM to another puCc in
the m lintenanance of the forces, 2 royals ATexiiO, are fubjed to the fun.' trial 1 bu:
and 4 Ciivaiif of rice for each head, ani with this dificrence, that tliey may go
.>. royals more to the parilh prirfl. The away, leaving an attorney 10 aiifwer
king out of his own dimefncs, befidcs the for thevn. mu -h Rigour us'd
There is fo
,0 royals, has 2 Cavaii' of rice: C.ivan A in th.is trial,Ibmerimes tluy pro-
that
Weighs 50 pounds Spniijli. It is very re- ceed to imprifonment, wirh.ont rclpe-fl to
trios vlol-ncc"; markable that tiie governor up all the
fills greatnef. of rhe pod poPc fsM by die [) ifon ;
kc t!ie co'.irt nf vac.'.nt canonries in the cathedral, and then as h.ippen'd to D. S:h'il'iiin-Ihr::idn-de-
-i,(;r fit-; i'l i'Ms acquaints the king to have tlu ni eonfirm'd, Corau-rt, anil D.Jnmi's-I'iis-cmh ; tli. full
t'vliiiii they arc as he ilo?s by the l'.ha:ii;'u-i,(ld! .ibove-nien- of which was k -pt prifomr ^ years in the
iloi'lor to îve tion'd. When any paridi of kcular prirfts caftle of .St. 7 '''.'•.; :id tli(; odier not much
•,
^le Sturii ackd is vacant, the allenibly is lukl befbro rhe lefs i but bv fp.'cial o'di'r from hi m ijefty
I was at Mil- archbidiop, who names three of die abkft they had all reftor'd that had bL.i. ,v ong-
vould fufRce to for the governor tod loofe one. 'I"he fame fully t.iken fiom diem at their tri.i!. *Tis
L% bccauf- pro- is in the v.icancies of canonries
[iradis'd true the council of the ladiinis has inode-
n's for apparel, and royal chaplains. The parilhes belong- rated this rigour, ordering r'.iat the gover-
leceiicy ; a fid- ing to the religious men, are fupply'd by nors be not imprifon'd, but that the in-
pieces of tight, the provincial of the order, in a provincial form.itions being taken, they he Crr<- into
nonth for two chapter. Thefe nceil no conlirmation, and Spain ; but this- is not punftuallv ohferv'd
llowance, each they may hear the contefTionsof the Indifinf, bccaufe of the great didance. The inha-
ir months 11 ot butnot oîVlC Spauiiirds in their parini,with- bitants of Afanilu did fo terrihe D. Savi-
ar has over anil outthe ordinaries approbation. II thefecular niaiio-MiHiHaiiez-dc-Lara At his trvl; that
year froin tlir curates commit fucli a fault, as deferves being imbark'd for Spain, he never ctas'd
,is thi'ir \m)- they fliould be cxpellM their benefice, it is all the voyage to ask whether die vedel
)llicitor for the done with the advice of the diocefan and could return to Manila, and beiiio; ar l.ill
lary is 1^500 governor. The governor of ManlLi has adlir'd by the pilot that he mud cither land
neral, 4000 as alfo the nomination of the commander of the in New Spain or die, he pleafantlv laid,
and /;ôo.is gakon, that fails every year to New Spain, Then a t d for Manila. In i\vm fince
'emor dies, rlie :'. above 50000 crowns a year.
poll worth die iflands were conquer'd, no g ivernor
ves this fal.iry, 1 two maiors for MuniLi and
le ajipoinrs has return'd to Spain but he and one more ;
d civil govern- Cirjile, and captains and officers,
(everal for all of them either break their he.uts ar.
vards accounti- tliatare nc c<')inmink)n'il at Madrid.

i. He dieir trial, or die wirh harddiip by die
gives the Iiidhvis com minions as colonels, way. k is certain this trial is worth 1 00000
ffltiiidi fo ri' C[Ci;r.;i| maiors and captains, without m.uch didi- crowns to the new governor, which he that
kl be coveteJo'" culty ; they Jiaying the king half a year's goes od" mud: have ready to come off well
^
ule his govern-""''""'''' value of thf place. To honour the gover- in this dreadful trial.
^'ftifSi'-'lîl
• >
fliftion hirsJ'", nor a company mounts the guard every When I went governor was
diidier the
;-' 1 '
.< .Jfel I
_ arallel'd, tiie day before his palace, and to curb the mu- 7). Faujlo-Ci-iizat, y-Gon^j;ora, Knijît of
rofit unknown, tinous Cbinefe. There are in the city of Santiago, or St. James, defci ndcd from the
' f
that cf via- Manihi about Soo foldiers in all, but their ancient kings of N'avarre, and one of the
''
-111
I fiid, the dif- pay is only r^vo pieces of eight, and 50 beff captain generals the idands had fincc
f this poll not pound of rke a mondi. they were conquer'd. All tlie odier gover-
To fliew fonie- S:vcro
This grandeur and power is fomewhat nors before him han anticipated upon the
Ix'fides the ci- erlips'd by a dreadful trial, the wicked peo- revenue feveral thoufands to mainr.iin the
iftration of juf- ple of Mtif.il.d make their governors go foldiers -, but he during his government,
t'i,i|
the royal court, through. They do not then examine the not only clear'd fo improv'd
all d'.bts, but
heinouiiicfs of otlencc;, but the fums le- the revenue, that was at Mamlu,
when I
Ifi
cmploymentf.,
as many pro- ceiv'd in eight years, punifhing the piirle tliere were 400000 pieces of eight in the
ovemor of the iiirtead of tlic pcrfon. The accufcrs have treafury ; for he by his great ability, wll- '
(1 ;'
'.
''if
Miiriiii: ii;->m,
412 A Voyage round the Wo r l a Book i
I
(•EMEL-ilom, zeal and application had advancei' time as he had receiv'd 70000 pieces of
I.I. till' riivinii'.' 1 loooo piac of tight a year. eight, and given the commilFion to his
C''V'>0 As tor till- cxaiitionot" Julliii-, and plaa-s fuccelTor to go take polTelTion of the place.
1O79. bi-ltow'd, if tin- jKoplc of A/(;;;(V<» will lay I w.is aftually ar. Mexico when the king';
afid- all prfjuditf, they cannot choofc but orders came fur rcrtoring the 70000 pictf.,
commend his conduifl, for he has bthav'd of eight to the intended fiicceniir out of tlu-
Iiimlelf uprigluly in all his attions, and has king « trcafury. This gentleman's good
hcllow'd the liikuwicmlas or InrdJJjips be- beh.iviour fet him above the fear of \ trial,
fore-mcntionM on well ileferving loldiers ; He was unfortunate in fetting out gakons
tiic ortkes of yliittdes on natives of tiie for in his time two of the greatelf
thai
place wellqualify'd, according to the kind's were built in the iflands were caft away
orders and ciiurch livings on ihe inofl de-
-, The one was callM St. Jofepb, the other
ferving, without liiffering himfelf '.o be cor- Sunio Cbriflo ; and in them both the jk'o.
rupted. Ido not write for favour or aHec- pie of Mc.xho ami Miinila lo(t above a
tion, lor what 1 fay is li) true, tliat the million , wiiich reiluc'd Manila to great
king being infoim'il ol it, decl.u'd, he jwverty, but it recovers by the arrival of
was f lithfuiiy ferv'd by that governor, and other fliips.
tontinii'd him in his guvernincnt, at lucli
CHAP. VI.
Of I hi' PiiilJppliic Iflands, tbe/r difcovery^ and of the j'cveral natiom that
have peopled them.
It^' TIII-'RE being a grcit number of but has on'- before his door. The inhabi-
under the governor ol Muiii-
iflands tants of the ifland de hs Pintados cut ouc
VA
/.;, of which pl.ice we have hitherto fpokc, three iiix)n one lame piect. of timber along
it will be comviiiiiit to give a fliort ac- one by another, that lb many people may
ir*
i!l
m ' ':
'
count of the moll reniarkab' of them i
and the more becaule they
in Europe, and not taken
are little
notice
known
of i.n
work
it in a
at
the iflands feeding
once, for the inhabitants of
on rice, they firit bruife
mortar, before they boil it. Otliers.c,;,,
all
Maps. as for inltance the Portuguefe , call them'*.?..'

Fhilip- The
author of nature, and of the won- Manilas, .{ name known ever fince Ptolem\\h'î-
piwi ill
derful creation of this world, placed an as fome have " ''''''
«''l '^r' "£; '
' will it.
gcncial.
liii!;':-'''!' i''i
archipel.igoUrew'd with iflands, now call'd The fliips that come from America to
PhUu'i'im's, m the great Indian ocean be- the archipelago of St. Lazarus, or Philip-
km:- S
\-()nil Gang^cs, and almort oppofite to the pines, when they difcovcr land, mull of ne-
long extended coalls of Malaca, Sim, celFity fee one of the f( )ur iflands of Mindarao,
Cambo'ui, Cl.nump.i, Cbochimhina, Tiiiikin Leyte, Ihabao and Manila, from the caiie
and Cbim. The lair.oiis Ferdinand Ma- of becaufe they front the vail
St. Jagiijlin,
<;el:ane> call'd it /InbipcLrô de S. Lazarn, ocean, which they call of .y/wfw, for above
becaule he came to an anchor there in the (itio miles, lying in a femicircle. Mam':.ih\-rî..
year i^.-'' 'iI*"" Saturday before paflion is leated
north-eall ; Ibaban and Z.t'i/:',iUnj".
Sunday, vulg.irly Spain <.\\\\\\ ii\ '^t. I -iza-
in Ibuih-ead, and Mindanao fouth. To'the
rii.<. The name of Pbilippines was given wi II of them is Paragua, the biggefl ne.\t
If?.; Ni'*';:i,;
them in i;H.-)' ''/ •''<' gfiK-i'-'' Ltiis-I.opez- to Manila and Mindanao, with the whivli
de-FiHalyki, in honour to piince Pbilip, it makes a triangle,
but the point oi' ir
p
then heir to llie ciown of Slain ; or as o- next to Borneo belongs to that king, an J
thers will have it in J
r>^'-h «hen he was the other to Spain. In the midll of this
;u'hia!ly reigning, when tlie /Ideianlado- fort f)f triangle, befiiles the live iflands al-
Miehaci-I^pe^-de-Lijafpi cune to conquer ready nam'd, there are five others, large Five 1.;;.
the iflands. What tlicir ancient name was anti populous, -viz. Mindoro, Panay, Ida
is uncertain, yet lonv authors affirm they de Negros, or the ifl.ind of blacks, Setu
wcrec.iird, iflands of /./iz^wf, all of them and So tli.it the mod remark.ible
Bohol.
taking the name, as the Canaries have done, of this archipelago are but ten, the
ifl.inds
of the biggelt, which AlanUa, or Lii- i.-> number meniion'd by Ptolemy in the pl.icc
~r,n ; which in the Taj(a!.i language figiii- above-mention'd. Among thefe ten htrexcnr,
li-'s a mortar, as ii" they had exprels'il the nam'd there is the fime number of Imall
country of mortar-. Luzoncs are certain ones, alljieopled, which beginning to reck-
wooden mortars a fpan deep, and the fmic on them as they fill in the way the fliips
diameter, in which the Indians pound their t.ike that arc bounil for New Spain, are
rice which they afterwards lift through
, Luban, where the galeon St. Jofep/j was call
fieves they call Bi'''ja<. There is no Indian away, Marindiiquc, Ifia de Tablets, Rom-
. bluii.
A p. VI. Of the Philippine lilands. 4M
i:!'.ii, Sil'iiX'i"') Mdjhrilt', 7/i,'fl, Ciilul, .mil tii'-r materials bu: \v^k>1 ant! cine, tin Uii mi.:.-
• if!
Iff î'W
CdUwiuiit'h'U witlunit the Suiiglit^. [hi ir buildiii'.T'; .ire very weak. 1. 1.
h is no eaiy nritur to fîvc .i ili(liiu'> There are I'lndry opinions con'.vrnini!; \'- )'
|0 r(
rdntion of all oilur Imill ones, [i.irtly in- the original of thefe iilands. Some lay i^'V'sJ
h.iliirai, ami partly ililiirt, Iwi all kiiowii they ^êre created with the world, wi,; *^->"'i"-
11
fe'Sli
m
IV,i:.a<.
l)y the liiduim that go to gather tinir thc author of rature dileover'd the lind,!"""''
nrolik'i \ I fan only liiy in j',ii''^''''l tl'-'f .111.1 iliMiied It Irom the \s iter-i. (^'i er<i;ii,. 1,.
(,|i|)orii(.' to till' i'.laiul ot \f.iiiit.i on liic that they reir.ain'd after the I'oivl. (>!• rs
iiouh Ikls liitvvviii two caivs call' /A.v- I .iHirm tlii'y were made by i\irtieiilar iiui'i
(ihl'jf arnl '/''/ I'.»X'"iOi iit ^4 mill's dlllancc, daiions of provinces, tem|K-rLX, eanhq'i ik,' ,
arc the illamls <// /»/ fi,ihi!\i:i;c<, \\k M\ p, turil lires, atid other aoident;, whicii
iiih.il)irxi.i by chiitlian hidiiiii^, wjio pay a III' to caiile alterations b;)'.li ,11 tei ani
tribute 1 the otlur by lavages luar the /.c- luid ; as, Ibme lay, h.ip'ivneJ to S:,:!;
ohini, anti iflanil of hriiwjii on the welh which they conceit was tbrm-'rly cniivir,ii-
Near P^mxiiit, oppofite to MjiiHiI, there ous to the cmtinentof //.;'v th'- ill'.nd of •,
,',iv
then
Then
three
ei;!;lit
furninjz;
iilinds
w nine
to
e .11''!
tlie
Culaimaws, and
more, all iiiliabiteil.
lbiitl'.wari.l, ninety
(,',/;/" to .V; .;, .uvl otiu r l.a!llv, o
thers by tlu he.iping of m.itt'.'i, and tli-
n.iiiir.il alterations ot' thef' two ek'i.v.nis
;
.
fm
miles from CalamuuiiS, oppofite to C.iil- jianieularly oce.ilion'd by rivn'?, whii li
ilini, and p<nnt of M.:iiJ.ii: in, are J',i- carry the earth Irom one pl.ice, and |. tt!.:
iîiiiihi, X'Jo, with otlar liiiall ones .ibuat ii in .mother, or elfe by the ulii.;l walbin:',
r'lem. ot rivers, which ilic (i'a wifli the moti'.ii

'l"he inanil ol' Cityo lie Ixtwe.'n CiLi- of its waves, by ileLm'c-, li.'.'ps i'l on •
im.mci and l\ii:i;y, in t'-.e province of Ot- lil.ice or other, lb that in P'rfK'ifs ot' ti'He
/. «and Miir.is. The illnid of /v/iV".!, or they come to be ifl ,n.!s. All thi'. m.iy be
/.'/•.(, is near that of iW-xros, or H'.ni-s. fii'f of all tlv iflands in the wo'M, ;is well
There is alio L'.in!a\\:n not lar li'om Zchu ; as thole 1 but the P/.'.fir/i/ys nviy be :ai,'d
f\ni:;iii, near Hniioi \ Piinawto, Muripiri, P'.irticiilarly by the lalt means f'poke ot', be-
r.'-,;?-.;- , 'S",.';-;,;^, and/'/;.'/.";;/, v.hieli lie ca'ili' in li'veral parrs of them, there arc
Ixtween Mi,.('~: iw and /.ev/c, and many biirniiiL'; mnintains, and on the np.s oi" o- 1 ''iii::ft'l
(.tilers whof' ^\x\\ riunbtr it i. h.ird to tiiers i'prings of hot warer. The earth-
know. T'his fnev/s their miR.'.ke, who fiy quakes are irequent .ind terribl; at certain
tiie Pi.<i!ipfiik- illmds are forty, fir if they times ; infoiniieh that they f .ice le.-.ve a-
niear. the <;rcat ones, they are not lb ny llruchire Handing, as Mar.li,'. can iiilli-
antl of all forts theie are 'y ciintly tellify. The winds call'd bv tlie
inoi'e. Ii:,"htiis llrûycs, by the S,":iiiiiii-i!.i '7";''
;;,-.,
All thcfc iflands are in the torrid zone, and by us IliirriciUis, are here lb x-iol 'U,
between the eqiiinofti.il and tropiek of that befides the wrecks they caefe at fi'.u
CiiiiiYi; tor the extreme points of l.ititutle they root up :.nighty trees, and ilrive betiire
in this arehipelap,o are Siin-diia;,!!: or eajie them, vail iju.iiuities of water, which drowii
.St. /!ii^^:'jli)i, tin- )X)iiit of AiiHihii:do in five countries a giv.it w.iy i.l' the land. Amon";
ileprees and a h.ill i Il.ihity.iiw.u and cape dr the iilands there \i a 11 oal water, ar.i m 1
•
foi;,;.'/o, the inmoll points of Mr.u'iii in ny Hats, elqeeially near the continent ; in-
twenty Kmhocaikro ile St. 11 r-
decrees •, fonuich that in many I'Lices there u ro tail-
njfiio in and the middle

thirteen dej.5rees
; ing, and the Ihips are lorced to leek out
and city of Miiiii!,: in foiir- which providence has left to keep
(if the iflantl
tceii degrees and a few minutes. T'heir k)n-
cliannels,
up a communic.uion from one country 1,1
'
V I villi
ginide aeeoiding to the bell maps, and another. Thele may be grounds to con
if;::, ifl
tarts is \^-y ilegrees though aecortling •, jeCUire, that if .my ot thele iilands were
to Mii^îI'iih''s aeeoiint it be i<-m, and this .It the creation joinM to tlv continent, f'
liee.iufe all men ilo not reckon iVom the \eral accidents, and efpeci.dly the tlood
f.ime point. Now whereas Plilcmy pl.iees might have divided them into lb m.iny di- \.
l.'fHpjPJf f
his illands M(«/o/(r in 142 ilegrees, it plain- llrinCl parts, making of one great one, an
ly appears, that confulering the diHerent archipelago of little iflands.
aadiints, and rules of taking longitudes, It is not my bufinefs here to argue, v. he- i-|,jj
j^,.
the Mdiii'Jrc arc not the fame, as the .1/</- ther -ZZii.';;/;.!', tlie fon of 7"'-''"' w'ith hi^ bro lubitant:. •
inLi, eidier as to fituation or number, and thers, was tiie lirll that inhabltid thele
that Ihey are much out of the way, who parts; but when the Sptiii'u:r.!.< tirll came
will h.ue M.ii.iL: to be built 160 ye.irs to MtuiHiU they tliere found tliree forts of
after the when Picicmy
birth ol" Chrilt, jx'ople. On the fea coafts* they liv'd and
fluinilh'd without being able to deduce
i rul'd Maliix Mmvi, come, as thev f.iid,
any conjedure, from the antiquity of its from Ronicn, and the continent of A/i;/,;!'.; 1
Itriiftuivs, Ix'caufc tliofe nations ufe no o- where a llrc'.ght call'il M.sLiy, has given
VoL. IV. 5 N its
41+ A Voyage round the World. Book 1 Chap. 1
GFMEU-its ninii' to ;ill tlic Af.ilaxes difiK-rfal upon all they can even to monkies,
kill,
I.I. tliroiifihoiit lilt' urcMUll ami litft |un dl' liiakcs, anil rats. Thev go naked, txuu'
161)7. th.it .111 liijifl.iô. From iluli' .iri' ililiiinl- their privities, which tlicy cover with
the
lx-\ ^v« 111 the r.ij^.iliitiis, wlikh art- the natives ot barks ot trees, by them call'd H,ih,iifi(n
;
Milnti M.iinLt .mil the loiintry about it, as ap- and the women with a clout wove of tlic
niul 7.15.1-
j^._,p^ [,y ji^^.jp langua(',f hein^ very like the fibres of trees, c.dl'il Tnfiijk. They ul'
''""*
M.ilin.iii 1 by tli-ir eoioiir, lli.nie, h.ibit no other ornament, but brarelets made 1,1
they vviire when the Spniii.inis .iriiv'il, ami niflies, .uid lii.lidn canes of liveral colour,
in flioit by tiair eulhinis ami inuiners, They no laws, letters, or govim.
h.ive
taken lioin the M.i!.i\r< anil otlv.r /;;,/(,./; mint, but ih.it which kitidred m.ikcs, t„|
nations. The coining; ot' tin li- people into they all obey the hc.iil of the family. I'I,,.
the iflanJs, niiglit be acciilent.il, iKcafioii- wonv.ii c.irry their children in w.ilk ts niade
eil by ll)me (loini 1 tor we lee by i xpcri- ot ihe bark of and ty'il .ibout tluin
trees,
tiue, tint fevenil other nations h.ive been with a cloth, as tome wo.ncn ol ,•///-./«;,( d,,
drove hither by Ihirnis. In i6()o, fonie in Ilaly, or like the IfiJ/j women. Wlun
i'i
yiifoih/i were tirove .illiore, who bei;inie night overt.ikes them, there th .y lyi, u
chrilli.ins, anil iilleil tin wlelves in the kind's ther in the hollow ot ,1 tree, or under niit<,
forces. It being inevit.ible ileaih to tiieni m.ide of the bark ot trees, let up lil^c
to return home, alur they h.ul been in ni- huts-, and thus they live like brute IiimUs,
otlier country, though ag.iinll tin ir wills. only tor the Like of liberty, that is, nut
I law limie ot" tl.ole "A^/wo'i' in M,i>ii.'.i, to be liibiect to the Spanuinh. This lame
I
who wore two wi.le garments, with wiile foolilh love of liberty, is the caufe they wi||
lounil Hoeves. 'I'he under garment w,i.s not Hitler the BLicki of .mother moiintm
girr with two girdles, one Irom the lelr, and to cometo theirs, and on this account tluy
the other from th'.- ri^ht, as the S/.ii.ij/.i fight withone another defperately. They arc
clergymen we.ir ihem. Their breed ks fuch enemiiS to the Spuiiinnls, that if they
were long, and tlieir flioos like reeoKxs hapi)cn to kill one, they invite all tluir
lanii.ils. Tiiey wire ihi ir h.iir Ihort, but kindred, and rejoice lor tliree days, drink-
the t'orelu .ul fliav'd as tar as the crown ol ing out of the .Skull, dcar'd for that piir-
the iiead. Befides, the Alilayi's might come poli; ; by whiih means, they afterwards
deiignedjy to inhabit there, on account ot get wl/es the ealier, as being more coiir,i-
'1 heir wi'ddings confilt only in
tr.ule, ;uul tor prolit Like ; or elle being gioiis.
banilli'd their country i but theic are all touching of hands , the pareitt:s m.ikin"
uiireriainiies. their children hold them out.
B;/n.tj The n.itives r.ill'd Bi/imis, and PiiiLi- This mixing with the wild Iiuluiiis |w-;,(.„
siul Pin-
flos, of provinces of Camcnihs \ as al-
tiic duceil the tribe of M,in_i;/jian, who m.tc.
t.tdci.
fo thofe of Lcytt\ Siim.ir, Paiiuy, and o- blacks dwelling in the illes of Mini!or,i and
ther places, it is likely came from ALictf- Miiiiihs, and who peo|)led the iflanils (/,
ftir, where they lay there are Ibme people los Nr^ros, or of BLicks. Some of thcni
who trim and paint their biHlies like thele have harfli frilled hair, like the /ifrh.vi
Pin!i!ilos. In the relation, i\h'r leninndfs and Jii^riLi IH.icks, others long. The co-
<k yîiro^ gives cf the difeovery made in lour of li)inc of them, is like Ethiopuvn ,
151)5, of the illuv.ls of Salmo/!, he fiys others more whitilh , and l()me of thifc
they found in ten degrees ol' north latitude, have been lien with a tail halt a fpan Ion'.,,
I Soo leagues trom Peru, much about the like thofe ill.mders Piolnny fpeaks ol, (.;•
latitude and dillanê of the P/jiii/'/'ine i- men. lib. 7. Tav. 1 1. prt)^. 166.
flands, an illand call'd li MiJnlena, or The Sdinbali, contrary to the othen,jMij:,,
the Aliigudlra, inlwbited by well Ih.ijH'd though wilil, have k)ng hair, like the otiia-
fiiilitiiis, taller thin the Spiuii.ir.ls, who com]uer'd Indians. 'I'he wives are ilelivii-
went naked, with all their bodies wrought, ed in the woods, like flic-go.its, and im-
after the latne manner as the Riilnas. medi.itcly walh thcmfelves and the inf.^^^
It is likely the inhabitants of ATDh-huuw, in the rivers,other cold water
f)r which -,
Xolio, Hohol, and part of Zchii c.ime from would be immcdi.ite death to Fm-ojc-
Ttniiili\ by reafon of their nearnels, trade, tins. Thefe B/acks when purfu'd by the
and likenets ofr/ligion, to whom tliey ftill Spaniard^ with the found of little fticks,
have recourfe, in cal'e of w.ir. The Spa- give notice to the rcll, that are liif-
iiianli at tluir firft coming, found they had perled about the woods, to five themfelvts
the comm.uid in the aforefaid illamls. by llight. Their weapons are bows ami
Neftilhl, The Blacks, by the Spaniarih call'd arrows, a fliort fpcar, and a fliort wea|xm
A'.if
».'//'"•,
who live on the mountains and or knife at their girdle. They jx)ifon their
in thii k woods, whereof there is plenty in arrows, which are fomctimef; headed with
Mdiiild, ditiercpitefrom .dUhe relf. They iron, or a fliarp Hone, and they bore the
are meer b.irbarians, and t'led on llich truit I)oint, that it may break in their tnemiis
iind roo.', as the iinjuntains aHbrd, and body, and fo be unlit to be fliot b.iek.
I'or
c r
Book 1,1 Chap.VTI. Of the Philippine Iflands. 41'^ ii'
monkii''!, I'nr theiriletence, they ul'e a wtKxlen buek- iuH fcarrc one in ten ot the inhabitants ofGtMEL-
kill, ixu[[ Icr, tinir f|'atis Um|r, and two in breailili, theiflanil, th.it owns him, ah the Sfiini.inls t.i.
IT with ilu- whi'li always hangs at ttuir arm. oltin told nie. Sic Miiv.ityiii', who gives itniy.
1 Hilhiltjlliy \
1 luHi|j;h 1 h.id nuuii dikourle about it, .1 muih l\tter aicount of this matter, .inJ VÔT^
VDVC ot' tll( with the t.itlKTs of the ItKieiy, ami ot!\er not by he.irl.iy, but as an <'ve witncfs.
'I'lify 111,' iniirioners, who converiL- with liiele bl.u ks, The talluis millioners, i .ke nuic h pains,
eW iividi- (jt M,iiijii.'i.iii:, MdnJi .ind S,iiii!;i/i, I louhl to bring thele juople to lalv.uion, going
i'r;il loloiir,. ii;;ver learn any tliinj? ot tiieir reli(j;ion i but into thi wimkIs to pna li to li)ine ot iluni,
or (j;()Virii. on tiiecontr.uy, allun.uiinioully .it;reerlny who .ue not altogither It) fieree, and build
in.ikcs, loi have none, but livf like In.ills .iiui the little huts or houles, for theionveni' y of m
r.inilly. 'I'll- mol! that h.is been teen atnong the /)'.',;<(; tile millioner, who liiinetimcs prevails up--
W.lll( cs tH;uV oil the innuniaiM'., h.is been a loiind Hone, on .1 t( w 1 but upon the le.ill lurinili' of
1 .il)iHit tluin to whii h they p.iyM a veneration , or a jeajoiity, they burn lioulis, (hurches, ami
j| /llbauia ill) tiiiiik of a tree, or be.ills, or oiher thin[»s all in thiiii, and run into the thiikill ot
U'ti. NVlim they fm about, anil tiiis only out ot tear.
I the wooil. 'I'his happiiis, becaiile the
tlvy l)v, li True it U, rh.it by nii ans ot the heathen clirilli.in hiiHiiiis, tli.it theyhave allmay
r unJcr mits, Ll.'inrji', who deal with them in the iiioun- the profit ol the wax, the Blacks gather in
lit up llkf tiins t()me deformed llatues have been the wixkIs, h.ivc | erliiaded them by all
brute h.MlU, Imrul in their huts. Tiie other tiiree bc- me.ins to lluin lonvng under the Spantjv
tluit is, imt ti)rcnientio;iM nations, leein'd ini lin'd to yoke, beeaule they would be oblig'd to
. This l!uTic ohiirving ot" auguries, and Malxmrtiin lu- pay a tribute. NVJiocver eatches one of
••.lull' ttii'yviiil |ierrtiiion-;, by re.ilon ot' theii' eommeri them may keep iiim as a (law ; buf if he
hiT mountan widi the M.J.iys and ^TiriiaUi. The molt beeonus a ihrillian, wlun he has feiv'd tin
IS ;iccouiit tlu
y
rceeiv'il opinion is, liiat thele blaiks were years he is to be made tree, and then na-
tity. They aiv t.'ie firrt inhabitants ot" the illands •, anil tural imiination prevailing, lie anainlv
s, th.lt it they tli.it b lowuds, the lea eoalls wire cafi-
-ing runs aw.iy to his nativi moui.iain.
ivilf ill! tiliir ly t.iken troni them by people reforting There is another tort ol people, not to
.• li.iys, drink- troin l>ii)i!,i!rii, Ikr/ho, Alacijpr and other |X)lite as the lirll, nor fo barbarous as thele
1 tor tint |nir- pl.iees ; anil thireli)re tluy retir'd to the lall, who live mar the fpiings of the rivets,
iiy ata-rwiiils inoiirtains. In Ihort, in .ill the ill.mds and are therelore eall'il Ilnyas, or Tin^hia- v-
^ more cour.i- where thele Blac.i and other lavage men ms, as inhabiting the mountains. There
imlill only in are, the S/inudrJs poUils not mueh be- arc others eall'd and Igikl-,,
Zati.halcs,
ircnts m.iisin;.' yond tlic ; and not tli.it in all
Tea coalls who tonveife with the Tayâlis, and Bijiiyas. ''1
puts, from Manhdis, to eajw
elpeiiilly Some of tl ele \\\y tribute, tlio* they art-
A Indians pro-M,,; Bolinuo in the illand ot XLiuiLi, where for not ehrilli.ns, and they are judg'd to be a
'.an, who ;ue.iti. -ô leagues along the Ihore, there is no land- mixt raee of the other barbarous nations,
Milliard ,inil ing, for tear ot the Blacks, who are molt and therelore refemble them in behaviour,
tiic i^,liK!^ ,
inveterate enemies to the Europeans. Thus colour, and mannirs. Yet all this does not
(inc ot thini all the in-land parts being poUels'd by thefe make out, that inhabitants might not go
the Afrii.vi brutes, againli whom no army could pre- over to tl.efe iflands out of CI. inn, 'Japan,
m^. The C(i- v.iil in the thic'v woods, the kingot Spain Siam, Caniboja, and Cubinchina.
kr EthiopiM.' \
loiiir ot thcfc
lit ,1
I'lRwks ot,
Ijun loni;,,
C'.-
CHAP. VII.
|o the others, ijmt J,',,

u4 f articular account of the ifland of Luzon, vulgarly caWd Manila.
like the othtr
les ;irc deliver- «i!;,'.i HAVING fpoke of the illands in ge- At the elbow of this arm looking to-
lo.lts, ;linl im- neral, be proper now to give
it will wards the foKth eaft, a great river falls in-
Iml the int",inti) the deicriptionof them inpartieular. There- to the ('.w, and makes a noble bay 30
Iv.iter , which fore to begin with Luzon or Manila, as leagues in compafs, callVl Bahia by the
to Kiirojc- the Spanir.ls call it, which is tlie chief of Spunitirds, becaufe it flows from a great
lirfu'd bv the them. The middle ot it is in 1 5 degrees lake, rall'd Bahi, eighteen Italian miles
little fticks, of latinidc, th'c eatt point in 1 degrees and 7, from Mtnila. In this place the Indians had
hat are ilil- ;?o minutes, and the motl northerly point their princi[)al village, confiding of about
Ive themtelvcs in K} clegrees. The fliape of it is like an 3/500 houfes, towards the call, in the an-
Ire bows anJ arm bow'd, but unequal in thicknefs, for gle made by the river and the fea. Behind
fliort weajxm i:i the eall it is lb narrow that is but one it it were many jxinds, which made the place
y jxjifon thi'ir day's journey over ; and in the north it naturally Itrong, and the foil was tiuitful of
headed with rtretches lo large, that the narrowell part all things, nccelliiry for the of man for
lite ;
iicy bore the from mull be 'ô or 40 leagues.

fea to lea which reafon Mkhad Lopez, the tirft con-
Itheir tnemie'i The whole length is about 160 Spanijh qu.ror of the ifland, thought fit to found
fliot back. leagues, and the circumfiircnce 350. the principal city in tliis place, under the
I'or ancient
,
4-16 A Voyage round the World. EooK I
GrMti.- ant lent n.ine of MimLi. Tliis wasilonc, ihin,on the opjxifite coaft iX tlie iilani!. Il
LI. ;is has ixtn riid bctori', on tlic tcall ol has more inhabit.mts, and is laigi r than
U/^yvJ St. 'J(hi: bajnitl 1571, Hvc ilays .itUT tlic the other. Next is the province of Cd/iin-
1
(';)". (cir,qin.lt, wliich t.illing out oil the igtli of riiiCi in which are BvnJu, J'liljihdo, /hdh./
C.ilile iht' month, bcin^ ihc ti'aft of St. PijI,i:- metropolis of the government of Ceiidn-
Pori. cr.DiÛ flit' was chol.-n patroncis ol thr i- (hidiies , Buliiii, where t'i:' fliip call'd cl'e
lland. lihiinuil'wn was call awav, ii turning tioni

In figlic of M.ii::!ti, and tlircc Icaguis I\'r:v Spdiii in i64(j, Sorjku/, or /)^/i^^/^,••,,
from it, is thf port vi Cavitr, upon the where the king's great lliip'. are bu'li mj -,
,
fune bay, whicli tor tlic nio'l part is ikrp, y/II'dt, a large bay witf.out the llivii-lu,
and abounds in lilli, .mil the fliorcs are co- where there is a high burning niount.iMi,
\vr\! with m.iny nvisand viilafTis. DirttHly which is teen at a gnat dilbuê by tl\"
auj.iinil tlicinouthol the bay, i-ij.!;iit li.'a<.;ui's Ihips coming from Ni-io Spdi,: In thisiic; v
from Mamlii is M.irihe'cs, ;i hitlc illand mountain there arc Ibme Iptings of hottas,
three leagues in compals, and lialt a l,a!',iie water, ,uk1 among the refl: one of fuih na-
in length, but higli. 1 kre is a nnown'd ture that whatt()ever falls in, whether w(xxl,
ofiieer, with fix lbul>liers upon guard, he bone, le.it, or cloth, is turn'd into Hone.
h M'oCorrcîdor, or chief ni.igillrate ot The governor D. I'rdiuis Td.'o liad crah .1 .1
village of 50 houles, kated on the fide of prefented him halt petrify'd, ciur havin"-
A'liiiiHii. The grcatelt profit he makes is been taken, that it llioukl not all be con-
by the Rliicks, who bring him Itore of verted. At the village ol Tr'tv, two leagiies
MM'^^m wood, tor 1 little t.ibaao and rice, which tiom the fide ot the mountain, there is a
he (ells at good rates in M,imla. 'J'his great fpring of luke-warr.i water, which
lliew.s the Blinks are Rich enemies to the has the fame quality of iietrifying, even
Spiiiiiai;!.;, as he fiieaks of betorc There living creatuns a'-, crabs,, ferpMits, ami
are three mouths to come out of the fe.i, crocodiles. One of thcle w.is fouiul conwTt-
into the bay mott usM, by rea-
; the fnil is etl into Hone, as long as a man's arm, by
fon of its depth, and being halt a league J\ John lie Sdiild Crirz, whiill he w.is cu'-
over, and lies betweiniiu- l.iid illand, and rate there. But particul.irly the woods
P/(ii/ti ikl Dialilo, or the Drjil'i Point ; the Alo/inr, Biiitii:n\-o, and Nd^^d turn tlone.
leconil is a quarter ot a league wide, lying The lame is to be feen in other ifiands,
between the oppofite fliore, and the rock Heyontl /^llw eatlward, is the cajv of
call'il, ik Ids C,ri\il!'<, or of Ik' Ihih, it Bir:l',njdy, and then the ifland runs nortli-
is unlate, as lia\ing little water and l<)me w-ard, leaving the illes Cdldiiiludi:es on the
rocks uniler it 1 the third wider, being
is light hand. Coafiing from them wellw.ud,
three leagues over, and i.ftwun the a-
lies they meet the r'wxv B'w i\, which Hows tio;ii
forelaid rock, .k los C.ivallos, and the point a lake and runs by the city Cdceret^ fbiiiui-
of ALirigondoii, but it has fl.its, anil tiiere cii by the licoiul govtri-.or, anti jiropricior
f»f;i miifl be much care in tailing up it. of thefe ifiands D. I'rdncii tie Sdhtle. \ Icre
Without the laid bay, "'i tlit^ li'ft hanil, refiiies the bifliop of A'i'TO Cdirir.!, under
the way the lliips go to Nriv Spdiii, at 14 whom are the provinces of CoHldVd, Cam.:-
leagues dill.'nct', is tiic bay ol BaLiyuii and rim-.', and fjdhi:. Next to th.e pro-.'inceoi
Bcmbou, three leagues in tonipal's, behind Cdi/uriiies is that of PdrdCdle, where tlieiv
which is a lake well jHoiiled round about. are rich lines of gold, and other met;\ls
Sailing on llill ealtward, is the point of and of excellent lo.uillone. In it dwell .1
B.i/.iH^.ij Aziifre, or Brii/iilow, and the bay of Bu- bout 7G0C tributary Irnhdns. The loil k
^î' /iiiij^ds, inhabited round about by liidi.uis; good antI plain, producing Cofdo antl palm-
near the point whereof, there is a fm.dl i- trees, from the lall of which, they nnich t
fl.md call'd Id CdZd, as abovinding in game. oil and wine. Three days journ.y from
II.-tAveen this and rlie point bet'ore mention- Pdi-dCdle along the coall, another h.w i ;
ttl, is the port of Mdltdhdii ; l.ital for the call'ii Mdtildii, where the ifland wimf,
death ol" the governor Gomez Perez ile Ids .uid makes .is it were the bowing ol th'.-
Mdnii.is, murder'd by the Chimj'e that arm, oppofite to the elbow where"^ M.r.nU
row'd the Cr'itdiu galley, with feveral o- Hands. Sometimes the fliips coming from
ther perfons. New Spain h.ive left their i\1oney here, nt
B.thy.in Beyond t'le bay of Bd/nHgds, are the be lent to Mdiiild. Without this b.iy, u
province, vilkiges ot' I.dl") and Clalvdii, about which the port of Ldinpoii, like tli.ir of Mu:b:i:.
there are figns of mines. Here ends the l-'rom Litinpon, to cape ErîKn, theo-'u.
wM:' ])r<)vince ol
betes,
beginning at AJari-
Bciit\aiu
and inhabited by about irôo tribu-
coalt is
b.irbarians.
inliabited by none but
Here begins tlie
infulels,
province, am!
ami or .v--
^'.' ''
tary Imiinin. It aliouiuis in cotton, rice, dilfrict of Cd^âvaii, which is the largell i;i
and palm-trees. Then follows the pro- the illati being 80 leagues in length,
T^/.ii.i/. vince ot CdliLiya, or Tdydl'ds, which reaches and 40 in i eadth. The metropolis nf i;,
to Cdje Biiiih, and up ilie country 10 Muu- ii tiic city call'd Nfw Seôiid, tuunded by
llie
Book 1. 1 Chap. VI I- Of tk Philippine Iflands. 4n
t!ie 'governor P. Cfzcz.ih Roii/jtiiHo, and in mniinMin, where were the priiicip.il h.ibi-G.'^Mi;!.-
[jiT tlv.m it the iMihedr.il eliurch, to wliich D. Alt- t.itions of the l^Mtli. Tiiey live ilvie, 1. 1.
c)t CiUiia- (b.i,'l (/e lkiiJvul->, w.is cholen billiop in becuite of the rich yokl mines in tliolc i^xj"-
o,_ //-..-A.;, i;;f)S'. The city is founded on the bark {v.rts, wiiicK they gather, and exchange l^'VV,'
tit" Ciil;'i:- of the river of the lame nanv, llowin;^; with thofe of /./nruj .ind P,;';_^.//.-/.'.-/); for ra-
troni the mountains of .S'.-ni/flr, in Pampa^- b.icco, rice, and other commodities. Be-
\iii;.!; troni ,:.!, ,av.l runsalmoll: acrol's all the province, fitles jToId, this province produ;-es mucli rice,
r /i./x.'*"'\ fliete ri lid's the chiJ alcaide of the jiro- and cotton, whereof they make rjuilti and
bu'lv, .taI visv.v, with .1 and
^r.urilbn otS/uini/b tciot, oi!
I'.H-r furniture.
i; Ihvijihi, ot' other nations. A

was built llone tort Next follows the province of I'dir'jfi-^'"'
nwimtain, lure, and other works made of g.ibions >:,i!i, about 40 Spnwjh leagues along ""'•
tor
iic by the :'.nd wood, for a defence againft the revolt- the coaft. Its breadth is about S or 9
. In thisilo: v., ed liiih.iits, c.\\\\\, Irnviis, who live on the leagues, and plain like 7//e<&.>". The moun-
np;s of luit ti-i'.
fi.les of high mountains, which divide the tains and plains produce much bra'/dl wood,
;)t' I'ulU 11.1- whole itland. In this province, the parillics cill'd by the Indiums SibitciK, and UsM in
•tlu r wood, 1) long to the Domimcain. 'I'he moltnorth- dying red and blew. The inlaiul i; tall of
into (lone, erlvc.ipe, is th;'it callM i^/ /ij;f,'(;o, dange- wild Iiidiiiiis, who, like brute beads, w.ui-
h.ul ,1 or.ih rous bv re.ilbn of the northern winds, .md der naked up .uul down the wootls and
I'lUT luiviiig preat currents. mountains, only covering the jiriviiies with
-.ill be coii- Fifteen leagues from A'î'Z'J Sr^n'ti, eaft- a leaf 'i'liey tow a little in their valleys,
iwo lc;lgiii'S v.'.u-elis cape Baxeador, anil then turning the and what more they want, they get in the
1, thciv is .1 c.ipe, and co.itling along from north to conquerVl country, in exchange tor fmall
;nir, wliich tiiiith, 20 je.igues ends the province of bits of gold, they gather in the river. In ^ Onfall
ityMi<!;, even CiXrtVii//, aiivl begins th.it of 1"uji.-is. The the province of flloios, there ai'e gooo that
ri'iiits, .mil [v.'iceable di^.n/uii's, who p.iy tribute, are pay tribute, and 7000 in that of P,ii:i^,ili-
.inil coiivcn- ;ili()ut 9000, befides thot'e that are not llib- /;,».. On the coaftof this proviiice, is tiic
n'.s iinii,
lie w.is
by
cii-
du .
n.itii'cs
The whole province
able -of body, inclin'd
is truitiul, the
to tillage
port ot Boliiuw awiX PlawilKnda, lamous in
the P/.i/Vi/'/i;';/;' iflands, for the victory there
*!'eS MS
tin' WdOj.S ;;ndarms, and the womi^n to lever.d torts obr.iin'd by the Spaiiiardi over the TJiitrb.
vSl . .ri'l.
Utvn thine, of work in cotton. The mountains pro- The next is the province of Pawj'ai'îi , P.imf jh-
r illinds, duce plenty of wax, without any trouble ; wlicrc the diocefs of Av-Jf Sfsô-vui enels, and ,?•'•
i the c.\\x o\ there being fuch abundance of honey-combs, begins tlvat of the archbiHiop of Mm'.A.
\ runs north- not only in this province but throughout This province is large, and of gre'at con-
!,-,',;/.'i-.( im ihe all the illand, that w,ix is exceeding cheap, fe'.-]uence ; bccaufe the natives being well
•111 wellw.ircl, and all the poor bm-n it inlleail ot oil. inltrufted by the Spaniards help to defend
'i Hows ti'oni They make their candles in a hollow llick. the illand, and have Hood by tliem u[ion
(,ri->, tinim!- after this manner. They le.we a Imall hole all occalions, lerving not only in Mdn'.hi,
ill! pnipi'i'-uiv at each end, for the wike to run through, but in Termiti' and other provinces. B:-
|.S',(;,Y/f. I lere •.indthen Hopping the bottom, Bll it with fides the foil is very fniitful, particularly
[hrrrs, under wax at the top, and thus the candle is made tor rice, by realbn of the great plentv of
l.iyn. Cum.;' ina moment of any fi/.e whatli)ever, which water, lb that it furnillies ;\/.w/7:i. It alio
e pro'.'inecol
when cold, they break the mould and take yields timber for building of lliips, the
where tlieiv it out. On the mountains, there is abund- woods being on the bay, not far troni x\\i
iiher metils ance of the wood we call bra'/.il, ebony port ot Cdv'v.c. It contains about Soovi
wlio pay their tribute 1.'''
n it dwell .'.- and other torts of great value. In tlie Indians, in rice. In '^ '^''W>-\-
Tlie liiil N woods there is ftore of wild beitls, as the mountains of this province dwell tlu
-.10 ;ind ji.ilni- boars, but not li) good as ours, and eleer, Zambali, a tierce people, and IVi'^riHos,
tnueli which they kill for their (kins and horns like the Blacks of Jniô!a ,uul fuch cut I'd
ley ;'", t
oiirn.y tVoin to fell to the Cbhii'l'-. hair. Thcfe are always lighting among
Kiy The prtn'ince of lilncns, is counted :|ie themfelves, and defl^nd their woods from
;inotlier
richeft, and bell peopled in the illands. Its their neighbours, and fecure their gune, and
lliiul winds
)wim!; ot th','
mall runs 40 leagues. On the bank ot the p.Uiure.
river /i/^'.-zw,the governor (?.illn d-: l.aaa- The province of Bahi lying call o\' Ma-BaH
•here AAr/i/.!
zdris, fuccefliir to the Alrlantado, in the nili, is no lets important for building oi
eoiiiinf, troni
year 1574 built the city I rnandina. L'p (hips. About the b.iy of this n.imc, of
mey In re, fi>
b.iv, i> the country the province is not above 8 which wc have I'poke before, and in the
thi'^
leagues in breadth, tor thither come the neighbouring firms grows the befl truit
'.r^,!Kn, the f .i'.-i.i« niountanis, and woods inhabited by the that is eaten in Manila, cfpecially the
•"'*
/W'/.'(/', a tall warlike^ peoi>le, and by Blacks Bonga or Arecca, and the Buxo, which is
intidels ii"^ °J
'.inu
I ic- not fubdu'd. Yet the extent of the coun- the fime as Bctle. This is an aroni.itick,
lirdvinee,
try w.is view'd, when the army march'd and delicite fruit, whereof iioiigh has been
lthel.ir<i;eHm
leven days, travelling ^ leagues a day, .il- laid, when I tjx)ke of the Porfiii'd} .lo-
in leny,th,
ways amongof wild nutmegs, and
trees minions in India but it mull b< o'^' rv'd
•,
Irojiolis ot u, hs
pines, and at length came to the lop of the that this of Miinila exceetls all good, .md
tomuicd by
the Vol. IV. 5 O tho
]"!;/!: ill
te:
ii ifi
[if:.
Book I. Icn A VIII.
p. Of tbg Philippine Iflands. 419
s no failini; nbout 250 Indian Families, which py tri- agree in having no form of government. Gimel-
Ot 'j'li"i-\ to bute in wax, fait, and civet. But thole Ihoy go naked, only covering their privi- 1. 1.
uLxjuiuts ill dwell in tlve moiintaLn.s, and came

rli.i:
tk-s with barks of trees, call'd Bohaqtus ; 1(97.
•y, \\n<\ wax. from other parts are numerous. Here are antl change their habitations according to •'y^si
•oils to crols, fiuh rich gold mines, 2?. carats fine, th.it the le.dbn of die year, becaufe tlwy live up-
gold I'ouiul, the mate of the galeon St. Jof'jh, aboard on wild thiit. Though chey arc not fir
Mint.uns, hv which I went over to AVrc ^pain, going a- from Alaiiilii, they have not loft their fim-
lulws, '1'Ik- Ihojc in one of them, in a very lliorr tinie plicity in exchanging the vaix of their
Jycr out an ounce and a qirirter of pure mountains, for nails, knives, needks, rags,
(iurs, wlitiuf I'old. They do not at pretent work at and other baubles. Some fathers of the
The n.uivcs thefe mines, ibr want of induflry in the Spa- Ibciety of great credit told me, that cheie
wooil •, ni.i vun'j, who having commuTion every year ALnr^hiani have a tail a Ipan long. In o-
irryiivj; iIkiii from AVcy Spain, to lay out Ibme hundred thcr refpedls diey are br.ivc, and ivay tri-
tlioLifinds of pieces of eight, with an al- bare, but have not as yet embraced the
nc very larL',c, lowantx- to them of ten per Ctnl. take no chriiiian faith, except foniv" few of tlie ter-
: nail'il, bui c.ire to look for gold
in the mines. As for ritory of Nauh.:ny and this becaulj they
s canes, ami tiio IniUans, chey have but a dilh of
if live remote on die top-, of ir.3unt liii*. B.i-
idiin anotlitT, riie, they never mind that precious metal 1 co is the iTietropolis of th;: ifland, where
,1 an huiniiiJ ,ir.d if ever they gather any in the rivers, ihe Al(\iyde, or governor rclides which -,
warlike, niiJ it is when they are prefsM for their tribute, pl.ice abounds in wholfome waters, running
r.f'.< they ;iiv

•,
.uk! tliL'n they gather as much as ferves to from the mountains, which produce .;bun-
into the w;i- |).iy it. The fliores of thefe illands are dance of S,dJlip.irilLi. Not far from Bmo
xM again that off.Mi enrich'd with precious ambergris, is a place they call Old MikJcko, fioni
of luch acci- i.ill up l5y the current of the channels that which all the ifland t(x)k its name. One
ivifions in the run upon tliem. cape of it call'd Varadoa, llretchcs out to-
, anil tyVl tn Leaving TiV.-w, ?,L.<iiiti\ and Bftr/.w be- wards Til/, a village on the coal!: of Mam-
ir habits is 011- hind, antl hokling jn the func way as the la, between the two bays of Boinboii, and
ivhieh reachc"; lliips that cime from ykapulco^ is the ifland Bdtangas, and a fmall ifland call'd /V/-./',',
)nien arc mal- (\\ Manr.diiqhe, 15 leagues liom Manila. or green ifland lying between du u". the •,
es as miieli r.s It is 1 S le.igties in compafs, liigh, and a- channel for the fliips going to, and fjom
ig. They arc bounding in cocao and otlui fruit-trees, Ciivite, is not alxive a mile over, and this
jerkin, after which the inhabitants live on, becaufe there narrowncfs is the caufe of the whirlpools
, and a long is but lirtle rice. There
is a great deal of and currents which emlanga' fliips when
e on the crown Pitch wax.
m.idc, but The peace-
little they have not a fair wind and current at
[)t of it like a able inhabitants are about 500, incorpo- at dieir entring the channel. In Mindoro
wear a plat'- r.ited in the nation of the 'Tasâliaiis ; tho' and Luban they reckon there are 1700 in-
broaci, lin'u they are of anorher race, as apju-ars by the habitants who pay tribute in wax, anil a
e gold ]xir [leculiar language they have among tl.eni. thing like black hemp, whieh die cocao
the Kunfr.u. Mittdon is about eight leagues from Mii- trees pnxiiice, .ind ferves to make cables
higher.
whieh wdy
On niLi,
illand
and five from Miirtmluqiie.
Is fifteen
Thts
leagu&s long, eight in
tor the king's fliips built at the village of ^M
m
breadth, and leventy Tlie in compafs. LuI'du is a fmall low ifland, i^ leagues Iw/i»".
broadeil part of it is that which looks to- in compafs. Near it is the little ifle of ./«-
wards the Ibuth, where together widi ano- I'd, m which is a high round mounrMn f.i'n
ther high and round fmall ilLuul, call'd at a great diftance by the /»;</;,//; gaiiots liy
Eb'm, it makes a ilreight Ix'tween and
it realon of the flames it caft-s up. The jieo-
ll 'i
:, Miiidoro, There is
r
Pmiy, which they call Putul. ple of Liihan are p.ilTionate, and given to
muias, Si- .mother known by the name of Cd/itbi/r, drunkennefs. It was the firlt chat oppoled
;1 î 1
between it and ImI/uh. The inhabitants of the Spaniards with few fmall pieces ot
a ^
*'-.
Mindoro prefently fubmittcil themfelves, cannon planted on a fort. The g.deon

en cy of trt'ih upon Capt. JobH cU' Salzich's afluring them, St. Jofeph, betore-mention'd, bound tor .'/-
ri-forc the luii he would do no harm. And therefore as laptdco, and loaded with 12000 bales,
u; Spiiir: ouch an acknowledgment they gave him fome worth about Cwo millions, was call: aw.iy
nmanients of gokl they tlien usM, .uul cal- upon this ifland, and nothing favM bui a
Ruariti, tivt K"-> led Oiinos. I'he land of Mindoro is high tew men.
few trihiita- M"'^" and mountainous, .ibounding in coc.io, and Beyond Lubau northwards tliere is no B.ib::
to th.e parilh all of fruit-trees ; but rice grows on-
forts iflami of note only beyond capie B''iif.id:'r^ .*•"'=
;
larger illanil ly in ibme parts. Along its channels, and oppolitc to New Si-^^(fvia, ar eipht leagues
It from Ticiw, the nnHitJis of its rivers there dwell [leace- ditlance froin it, are the low little iflm.is
of the !^pai]i- able Imiuins, who pay tribute; ;uid on the of Babuyaiii'f, i'.retching our 'o the ifland I;
i.hate i.s thirty e.ill, nordi-eall, and lide oppofite to Mi- ioriiiofa and Lcqiiios. In the neareff, v.iiirh
breadth, and mld are "Tugalians ; and fu toward.s Painty is conquer'd, there are about 2 "o nativi.-;
irts arc com- and Bifay. Up the inland live the Mun^- that pay tribute. Ir wax, ebonv,
prixluces
r. In it live Ijuni, wlio, though dilicring in language, botatas, ccxraos, plantans, and other thin?!;-;
about Icr
)
420 A Voyage round the World. ôoklIchap. I
Gemel- fortlic maintenance of the inhabitants, and Spaniards, which the miffioners h ive never
i.i. of certain creatures call'd in the country been able to aholidi (as I was inform'd by
i6p7. language Biibuyes, whence the name ot the fame /IrgtteUes, who was there two
l^V^ Babuyanes was deriv'd. years Aleayde , commander in chiet
or
Fourteen, or fifteen leagues fouth-well which is, that when a child is born blind,
of Liiban are the Calamines, a province halt, lame, or decrepit, li) as to be imfn
made up of feventee.i idands all lUbdued, to work they put it alive into a hollow
-,
bc.lides many others not yet reduced, among cane, and lo bury it, dellroying it, as ufe-
the of which is a great one called Pa-
firlt leis to its parents, and the world. Belitks
Taragiiit. fiigna., belonging to the Spamartis,
partly the aforefiid garrifon, the /llcayde former-
and partly to the king of Borneo. This ly commandeil a fmall fleet of galleys to
illanil of Paragun is the third in bignels a- defend himfelf agaiiill the people t)f Bf.r-
mong the Pb'dippincs. Its fliape is long neo ; but this was put down upon the eon-
hkc a ftrait arm, by means whereof Ma- ckifion of the peace in 16S5, by D. John
-jiiia and Aimdoro IL-^m to fhake hands with Morales, governor of the caltle of Maui'::,
the great illand of Borneo. The compafs Having feveral times difcours'd the laid
of it is 250 leagues, the length 100, but Morales concerning the ceremonies usM in
the breadth not above twelve in fome pla- that embaify, for concliitiing the pe.ice,
tes, anil fourteen in others. The middle he told me, the king ot Borneo receivM
of it lies between nine and ten degrees of him in pub'i'-k, fitting after the Mahome-
i.itimdf ; its hirtheft cape call'd T'agufau, tan manr.er, on a throne rais'd upon live-
towards the fouth-weit, is fifty leagues dif- ral Heps ; cauling him to lit upon rufii'.ons
tant liom the ifland of Borneo, in which on a carpet but th.it this reception was
;
interval there are many low iflands that al- fingular, thatking ufing to give others ;ui-
nioll join the two lands. le inhabitants T dience from behind a curtain. Nor is this
of the coarts of thefe iflands, and of T;- to be wondered at, for he is fo haughty,
|i ûfiu are ilibjtft to the Mahovielan king of and referv'd, that he fulTers only his prim;;
Borneo but up tiie inland there are wiki /«-
; minifler to fee his face upon importunt
<:;',-;;« unconquer'd, barbarous, lawlef^, ard at!airs ; nor is it in his power to do 0-
fubjeft to no king and therefore all their

•, ther, having taken an o.ith to be lb rc-
e.ire is not to be fubdu'd by the king of tir'd at his accelFion to the crown. The
Borneo, or the S/anianls. Two jrarts of faid Morales ftaiil three months at Bornt\
Ik Id -'^
l'.. id.ind are in their poflcHion. The and was well cntcrtainM at the king's ex-
Spaniards have in it about 1 200 tributary pence.

Jmlians, Blael:, like thofe of A/rick, who Not far from this northern cape of /j-^fr
range from place to place, without any cer- ra,^na, are the three illands call'd Ct\-''-"''
tain place of abode. In cold weather they mines, which give their name to a province
make one great fire, and all the multitude or government. Thefe, and nine others
geus about it. They are very faithful to near them, all fmall, are inhabited hv
lit' ii 1 :
•! IjHl.r .J--. I
tlie Spaniards, wlio keep a garrilbn there of peaceable Indians. In fome of them thcri'
200 men, part Spaniards, and part Indi- are J50 that pay tribute, in others liR
(U!S, with an ylleayde, or governor, whole The chief jiroduft of their mountains is
refidence is .'.t Taytay, on the op|X)fite point wax which they gadier twice a year,
•,
li!
to Borneo, or as the Spaniards call it Bor- the rocks over the fea are found thofc lo
where there is an indifterent fort. The
>;ei, highly vaki'd birds-nefls, before Ipokenof,
Lampuan, or governor lor the king of Bor- and about the Ihores there are very fiiv.-
7ieo Lavo.
relides at The ifl.md is almolt jx.'arls taken.
all over
mountainous, and full of abun- Beyond the Cahnnianes, in fight of thi'f.«
dance of forts of trees and wild bealls 1 and high mountain of Mindoro, are the five
''•"•
produces abundance of wax on the moun- ilkinds of Cuyo, not far dill.int from ono
tain*-, but very liiLle rice. Captain E/na- another. In them there are about ';ootii-
wielde Aryueliii ul OziieJo, a iierliin of great butary families, more civiliz'ii, and Kticr
worihon ail me, that lie go-
accounts, told artedeil to the Spaniards than thole of C.i-
ing upon fome bufinel.s to conk r with the lamianes and Puragiia. They are very l.i-
Lampnan, i\e, alter entertaining him five borious, and dierefore gather abundance ol
ilays very courteoufly to bind tiieir friend- rice, grain, and other fruit. The moun-
ihip tlie lii nier, drew of his blood,
a <'rop tains abound in ill forts of beafls \m.\ fowl*.
and gave it him to drink in a glafs
of wine 1 At tliele ifiands ends the province of C'l.i-
wiiich tlie captiin in the fame manner did tnianes,and begins that of /' ina\, the lirll
to him. The yv/uo>-.( afier pertbrming this find whereof is Polol. As Paraguo is tlir
ceremony, are lb taithlul, that they will biggelf next to Manila and Alind,in,:i>, lo
fooner wron;V their brother than their trieiul. Panay is the bed jx-opled, anil molt iriiit
Anotlier barb.U'ous culhim is pra('ti6'd by ful in all the archipelago. Its fhape is tri-
the thriflians of Paraj^na, kibjeilt to the angular, and its compafs 100 leagues. Tin
name.
y
Book Ic HA p. IX. ^. */?^ Philippine lilancls. 421

I.
rs liivc never names of its priiicip.d capes ai '-'/, Nu- of wild boars .md deer. The womcninake fJFMitt,-
s informM by fo. Ar\i\ Bnlacali. The coaft fri . '.'acabi dodi of feveral colours. Ihere ure in tin; 1. 1.
'as there two to Polol and well ; fror.'

lies call ./'. ^? to ifland 14 p.uilhes belonging to die fatiitrs iîoy.
ItT in cliid) Siifo north and Ibuth from Bit. -, to of the order of St. Aii\(i[lliii, three b:n; fic( s L/'Y^
is born blind, Jl(U\ another cape than the three great
lefs of fecular pricils, and one colleg- of the
;is to be iinlin ones, is alii) north and fouth ; from Undo fociety of jefas, where they ad.minifter the
into a hollow to caiK' A'.j/tf caft and well. The middle ficraments to the garrifou of jUlo. Be-
ing it, as uleof the iflanil is in the latitude often degrees. fiiies the tributary IrJlnis, tlv re are liere i.1''
wKI. Beiides On the almoll in the middL' be-

north fide, of thofe fil.ick! \\k Sp!i>iiiir,ls c.dl N'^^riL'os,
llcayde tbrmer- tween the two capes of Polol, anil Bidiicahi who were the lirll; inh.ibitants of the ifland,
:
of galleys to the famous river Piuw\
'V falls into the fea ; and afterwards drove into die dii'.k svoiaI.h
leople of Bor- and as foon as otit, meets with a fmall by the Bifiiv who came to conqi. T it. Their
upon the eon- ifl.ind call'd Lii/iiya, in which port die hair is not ib curl'd, nor they lb l)if .iS the
;, by D. J oh,. had a iafe retreat before they dif-
S'l'iii.n-ili Bhuks.
Giiiiifti They live in die n"o(l un-
He of Mmu',,. fn\ ji'd and conquer'd Miniiii and Cavite. couth pirts of the mountains with tluir
lurs'il the fiid '] he fertility of P(u:ay is eaus'd by the ina- wives, and children all naked, like wild
monies usM in nv rivers th.it water it Mi) diat there is no bealls. Tin y .ue Ib fv ift that they ol'en
ng the peace, travelling a league along the coall, widi- overt;'.ke wild boars and dcr. They 11,'
'ionu'o reeeivM oiit meeting a river tiiat runs into the fa) about tiiC dead beaft as long as it lads,
r the Miihoinf- hut more particul.irly by die already men- for they have no odicr harvcft but what
is'd upon live- lion'd Piiiuiy, which gives its name to all they reap with their bow and arrows. Tlity
t upon ruflV.r.iis tjie ifland, and runs forty le.igiics. Siaa:- fly fri the .V 'rr/.s not through li,i-
-
rcccptioii Was ffih of credit told me, th.it when it tiuin- tred, bur for lear. Eight years (ince, D.
give others ;iu- dcrs in tlii*: id.uid, inlle.ul of thunderbolts John <k la Sirrrd, a geiidvUnn w, II qu.-.li-
n. Nor is this there fill croir.s of a givenifli black flonc, lied, and a very zealous .uid uj. right miiiif-
is fo haughty, which h.avc great virtue. As ibr the crof- ter, going to vifit die ifland, (imie of the
only his prim; ii^s, I have ^^.-Qn tb-m in the hands of Sjii- Bi/icLs came down to ask millioners of him
pon important v'umh ; it is polFible they might make 'em to inllrurt riieni in our holy laith v .Tnd
;)wer to do 0- of die rtoncs that fell -. but they affirm they brought him in a bafliet, a Bliuk woman
h to be lb re- are natural, and fall in that flia[)e from die twenty years of age, and but two fjians
.' crown. The fky. Thi ifland for the better adminif- and a quarter high, who being bapii'^'d
inths at Borm^ tring of jiifiiee is divided into two jiirifdic- was call'd Afdiy.
the king's ex- tions. i"he firil call'd of Paiuiy, contains Among the illands Iving about Pd'::;y Imara;;
all lies fiom cape Pdol to Biilacnhi ;
that is Imiiriis., oppofite to HcHo, and about a
rn cape of P.i-fj/.i- the reft of the ifland is fiibjeft to the ///- quarter of a league dilfant from it. It is
Is call'd C.i.'j-
"•"«'
ca\(k of Oitoii, who refides at Iloilo, and long and low, ten leagues in compafs, and
c to a province point of land running out into the fea on three in k'ngdi ; the foil fertile, abounding
nd nine mhtn the fouth fide, between the two rivers of in Salfdpardlii, and good w.uer. On the
inhabited liy Tig-Bavan, and Jaro; and forms a ftreight, mountains diere are wild bo.irs, deer, and
of themthfii' not above half a leigue over, with the good trees. It has the port of Jit. June,
in others Itil illand Imariis, or rather an open harbour. three leagues ti'om Hodo.
mountain^ is
On this point the governor D. GonzaUi Roii- Ten
or eleven le.igues to the northward
e a year. h. qii'Jlo caus'd a fort to be built in tlu year of the point of Bidacahi, is an ifl.ind ciU'd
toiind tliofc lo 16S1. The ifl'nU contains about 16;^ 61 Silmnii, equal to the lafl. Two leagues to
fore Ipokmo!', tributary bnliivn, partly belonging to the the northw.ird, are Roinhlon and Biitdn,
are vei'y f.iie king, and p.irtly to particular Eiicomu-iide- and then the ifland of TdhLu, l.irgcr than
roi, or lords; but they all pay in rice, the the others, and five leagues dilLint from
in fight of thi'fsi ifland producing 1 00000 bufhels SpiUiiJh the ]xiint of Potol. In it there are ma-
iro the five
''"•* meafure, and but litde other grain. The ny Iiiilidin of the fime language, and lit-
iint ti-oin one iiihabitants are corpulent, ami good coun- tle dillering from tholl of Puiuij in other
about 500111- try-ncn and hunters, the ifland being fiill refpeds.
'.'tl, ,ind hitter
11 tl'.ofe ot' r.i-
ley are very Li-

CHAP. IX.
r abimdana'ol
The nioim- Of the IJlaitds of Samar, Leytc, Boliol, Sibu, Bantayan, Camotcs, Nc-
e.iils ,ind towh, gro«, Fucgos, and Panamao.
>vince of C ill- ,il"j-^;.
may, the firft
Urj't. BETWEEN the two great iflands of mar, on die fide fluit up by die ifles, and
':'; ;!« '^j!
PuriigîKt is till' MaiiUa and Mindanao are thofe of Ibalhw on that fide next the m.iin ocean.
Aliiiilin,.!', I') Leyte, Samar, and Bobol, which one after Its fliapeis like the trunk of a man's body,
mil nioit iriiit- another make a part of the femicircle form- without head or legs ; 'ts greatetl length
Its (liape i> Iri- ed by diem altogether. The firft of the from c.\\v B.ili'j!ial':n (which wit'.i tlie point
i leagues. I'lic diree, and neareU to Manila is call'd Sa- of Manila makes die llreight of St. Btniar-
iiaiiu'. VOL. IV. 5 P dwe)
422 A Voyage round the World. Book J I Chap.
GEMEi--///«f) in thirteen degrees, ami tliirty minutes call'd by the Spaniards Chicny, and by the
Li- of nortK Lititude, to that of Giiign.tn in c- Chimfi- (who put a great value on it) iV,.
1697. leven degrees, towards the foiith. 'Die 0- zti, wiriiout kernels. There allij grows
l^Y^ f'lP'' two points reprtfendng the elbows of near C:nhalogan another plant of a prodi A u
tiie body, and making the greateft breadth gioiis virtue, little known among the liuJ^^^'-
of the ifl.ind, are C/iLo de Sfintii Santo, or ropeans, as having been difcover'd by t'n; Fifth
cape Holy Cl.oji, whofe high mountains are tlithers of the fociety, but of laa' yr.us.
fiich
the firft ilikovt-r'd by the fliips coming The Dutch are alfo acquainted with it, as
I'rom M't;; Siuni' into tlioii- eaftern parts, trading at Batavia, and therefore at firlV
and tiiat wliich lying oppofite to Lcv.V weft- wouKI give ilouble the quantity in gold for
ward, makes another llreight, fcarce a it. The plant is like ivy, and like :l
(tone's throw over; and yet the (hip S.Jn- twines about a tree. The fruit, whicii
(iiiillo, or tiie Link S:. John coming from grows out of the knots and leaves of the
Ne-iv S[tuii, pafs'd t!' rough it. T lie whole plant, rtfembles a nieUKotoon in bignefs
compais of the ifland is about ;;o leagues. i and colour, and wiiiiin has eight, ten, or
Between Gi<i^)hm and cape SpiriUf Santo, iixteen kernels, as big as a hazle-nut each,
is the port of Borongon, and not far oft", green and yellow, wiiich when ripe drop
thofe of Palapa, and CiUuhig, the little out of themfclves. Some call them fruit
ifl

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TINUED "), or the symbol V (meaning "END "), symbols

whichever applies. symbols V signifie "FIN".

Voyages and Travels,

Now firft Publifli'd in Eng i. i s h.

Illuftratcd with a great Number of ufeful Maps and Cuts,

For John Wai.thoe, over-agi'mH ihe Royal-Exc/Mnge, mComhill; Tno. Wotton,

at the Black-Sivivi, without Tempk-Bar ; Thomas O shorn, in Gray's Im;

to Mahometan Princes ; tnojl lively reprejents to the im.iginatiou the wcnderj'iil

flinguijhcs ingen:iou/h between ivhat he fa':s and confequentlyicrites of hisownhivuK

Jelf to the Reader,

An Account of the Shipwreck of a D/z/f^-v^cflel, on the

A Fragment concerning the difcovcry of the Iflands of Sa-'

The Hiftory of the Provinces of Paraguay^ Tuciiman^ Rio

Prefervation of Eight Men in Green-land^ Nine

Ten Rhynes Account of the Cape of Good Hope and the

Bclancfi Obfervations on the Streights of Gibraltar and the

Dn Joh/i Francis Gemelli Careru

In Six PART S, -vi:,^

Written Originally in Italian,

/I Voyage round the World by Dr. John

Containing the moil: Rcmarkiibic Things he Hiw in

always it In ifif power Being theretore refolvM to let forward, Gfmh.H)

lenblcancl wntilicilcoiiilition anil couM Irom my purpoli ; .md having provitl-

of formerly cali'd Leucofta, \sln.rc

inn. voyage, yet on rhurjday the 2d of Jidyy

royal city feated on a niountain, ami ^o Going aboard again on Sutiiidny u,

fortifications (having two bridges

by four tons. the vice-roy of Sicdy receives in the name tl

by the earthquake. As far as I could city ot Malia is in 35 liegrees, 40 min. is

fouth, and tort on the north,

'I'hat we couid not advance

Book 1. Chap. 11. 0/ TURK Y. 5

to be ro- in a coach. of being govcrnours of the (.illles of

lers feeing under rock, would not be inferior to

;, but it ; that ison the weft, three on

8 A Voyage round the fVcrld. Book L

is fold tiicrc. * according to the form drawn by Bhwcra-

duty, becaufe he of likhh-r had fearch'd of it on the Ibiith-liJe. On the north

as the Turks ^Itxan-

r.i- 71, !/)-,» s

PyrSf '''!''''' '"^^ "^''" '^''n^l'ng- They are of Damiatii,

a. mix'd marble, and carv'd with Egyp-

I'Ijc Author's Voyage on the Nile, and defcriptm o/Grand dure.

tT triiits i amion the lett, then and March.

C II ire. Having relkd my (elfin the lather's tl

lieve he pleaies ; I fliall only .add,

was a green covering, or pall held up fam : Within it is a fountain, at which

T being rare in Europi to mee<: with

ntiquitifs and Andiew having been prefent

fort of garment, fufpedcd they were may ippcar by its ads.

m .Sea, near the

IV convey',! to what remains is twenty-one fpans high, an I of the zodiack ; at prcfent

the river, in to immediately turns white. They fiy

lights, bout. befides flatucs and columns. It was once

profpcifl Figure of the Hebrew Lamed, in which the height.

es long at the end whereof is a great