Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Amplificateur de tension
Réel
Ze = ∞
Idéal
Zs = 0
vs = AV ⋅ ve
Amplificateur de courant
Réel
Ye = 0
Idéal
Ys = ∞
is = Ai ⋅ ie
Amplificateur transimpédance
Réel
Ye = 0
Idéal
Zs = 0
vs = AZ ⋅ ie
Amplificateur transadmittance
Réel
Ze = ∞
Idéal
Ys = ∞
is = AY ⋅ ve
Mélange
Comparateur
Chaîne directe
e s
+
A
- ε
r
Prélèvement
B
Gain en boucle ouverte: T = A ⋅ B
s A A Chaîne de retour
Gain en boucle fermée: H= = =
e 1+ A⋅ B 1+ T
e + s
Gain en boucle ouverte: T = A ⋅ B ε A
-
r
A A
Gain en boucle fermée: H= = B
1+ A⋅ B 1+ T
Contre-réaction si A⋅ B > 0
Prélèvement
Mélange
de courant de tension
ou ou
Mélange shunt Mélange série
A A e s
H= = +
Gain-Bande 1+ A⋅ B 1+ T - ε A
A0 r
A= B = B0
f B
1+ j
f0 A0
f A0
1+ j
f0 1 + A0 ⋅ B0 A1
H= = =
A ⋅B f f
1+ 0 0 1+ j 1+ j
1+ j
f f 0 (1 + A0 ⋅ B0 ) f1
f0
A1 < A0
f1 > f 0
A1 r
H= Gain ( dB )
f B
1+ j
f1
20 log A0
A0
A1 =
1 + A0 ⋅ B0
f1 = f 0 (1 + A0 ⋅ B0 ) 20 log A1
f 0 ⋅ A0 = f1 ⋅ A1 = Cte
f0 f1 f
Le produit Gain-Bande est constant
s e + s
Linéarité
- ε A
r
Pente=A0
B
Pente=A1 0 e
A0 > A1
Zone de linéarité
vi
Zi =
ii
ve vi + v f vi + A ⋅ B ⋅ vi
Z if = = =
ii ii ii
Z if = Z i ⋅ (1 + A ⋅ B )
Z if > Z i
ii
Yi =
vi
ie ii + i f ii + A ⋅ B ⋅ ii
Yif = = =
vi vi vi
Yif = Yi ⋅ (1 + A ⋅ B )
Yif > Yi
(
vs = A ⋅ X i − Z s ⋅ is + is
'
)
Si Z e ( B ) = ∞ ⇒ is = 0
'
vs = A ⋅ ( X e − B ⋅ vs ) − Z s ⋅ is
vs ⋅ (1 + A ⋅ B ) = A ⋅ X e − Z s ⋅ is
A Zs
vs = ⋅ Xe − ⋅ is
1+ A⋅ B 1+ A⋅ B
f.e.m.
Indépendant de is Impédance de sortie
Si Ye ( B ) = ∞ ⇒ vB = 0
is = A ⋅ X i − Ys ⋅ vs
is = A ⋅ ( X e − B ⋅ is ) − Ys ⋅ vs
is ⋅ (1 + A ⋅ B ) = A ⋅ X e − Ys ⋅ vs
A Ys
is = ⋅ Xe − ⋅ vs
1+ A⋅ B 1+ A⋅ B
Courant
Indépendant de vs Admittance de sortie
Règle
Exemples
Identification de A et de B
Méthode
Prélèvement: Tension
Mélange: Shunt
Contre-réaction: Tension-Shunt
Variables indépendantes: ve et vs
Variables dépendantes: ie et is
Matrice: Yij
ie = Y11 ⋅ ve + Y12 ⋅ vs
is = Y21 ⋅ ve + Y22 ⋅ vs
⎛ Y21 A + Y21B ⎞
⎜− ⎟
v ⎝ Y ⋅ Y ⎠ A
Gf = s = e s
=
ie ⎛ Y21 A + Y21B ⎞ 1+ A⋅ B
1+ ⎜ − ⎟ ⋅ (Y12 A + Y12 B )
⎝ Ye ⋅ Ys ⎠
Electronique Analogique 1A & 1B 24
Analyse de la Contre-réaction
Y21 A + Y21B
A=−
Exemple: Quadripôles associés en parallèle Ye ⋅ Ys
B = Y12 A + Y12 B
Y21 A
A: Quadripôle actif Y21 A >> Y21B A−
Ye ⋅ Ys
B: Quadripôle passif Y12 A << Y12 B B Y12 B
1 1
Si le gain de la chaîne directe A >> 1 Gf =
B Y12 B
Ouverture de la boucle
vs
Matrice Yij A = ⇒ Amplificateur transimpédance
ii
vs A 1
Gf = = if
ie 1 + A ⋅ B B B =
vs
Ze
Z ef = Zs
1+ A⋅ B Z sf =
1+ A⋅ B
Electronique Analogique 1A & 1B 27
Contre-réaction Tension-Série
vs
Matrice H ij A = ⇒ Amplificateur de tension
vi
vs A 1 vf
Gf = = B =
ve 1 + A ⋅ B B vs
Z ef = Z e ⋅ (1 + A ⋅ B ) Z sf =
Zs
1+ A⋅ B
Electronique Analogique 1A & 1B 28
Contre-réaction Courant-Shunt
Matrice G ij is
A = ⇒ Amplificateur de courant
is A 1 ii
Gf = =
ie 1 + A ⋅ B B if
B =
Ze is
Z ef =
1+ A⋅ B Z sf = Z s ⋅ (1 + A ⋅ B )
Electronique Analogique 1A & 1B 29
Contre-réaction Tension-Shunt
vs
Matrice Yij A = ⇒ Amplificateur transimpédance
ii
vs A 1
Gf = = if
ie 1 + A ⋅ B B B =
vs
Ze
Z ef = Z sf =
Zs
1+ A⋅ B 1+ A⋅ B
Electronique Analogique 1A & 1B 30
Contre-réaction Courant-Série
Matrice Zij is
A = ⇒ Amplificateur transadmittance
vi
is A 1
Gf = = vf
ve 1 + A ⋅ B B B =
is
Z ef = Z e ⋅ (1 + A ⋅ B )
Z sf = Z s ⋅ (1 + A ⋅ B )
Electronique Analogique 1A & 1B 31
Résumé
Type de Amplificateur avec Amplificateur sans
Amplificaateur Matrice Zef, Zsf Remarques
contre-réaction contre-réaction contre-réaction
Zef = Ze(1 + AB )
V2 Vf
A A V2 A= , B=
Tension V1 V2
TENSION
Série h V1
Zs A 1
Zsf = Af = ≈
B B B
(1 + AB)
Vf
1 + AB B
Ze I2 If
Zef = A= , B=
Courant
A I1 A I2
(1 + AB ) I1 I2
COURANT
Shunt g A 1
Zsf = Zs(1 + AB) Af = ≈
B B If B 1 + AB B
Ze V2 If
Zef = A= B=
TRANS Tension
A I1 A V2 (1 + AB ) I1
,
V2
IMPEDANCE Shunt Y
Zs A 1
Zsf = Af = ≈
B B B (1 + AB ) 1 + AB B
I2 Vf
A A I2 Zef = Ze(1 + AB ) A= , B=
V1 I2
TRANS Courant V1
Z A 1
Zsf = Zs(1 + AB)
ADMITTANCE Série Af = ≈
B B Vf B 1 + AB B
β ⋅ iB
Mélange: Série
Prélèvement: Tension
CR: Tension-Série
β ⋅ iB β ⋅ iB
β ⋅ iB β ⋅ iB
β .iB
Mélange: Série
Prélèvement: Courant
CR: Courant-Série
β .iB β .iB
β .iB β .iB
Mélange: Shunt
Prélèvement: Courant
CR: Courant-Shunt
β ⋅ iB 2
β ⋅ iB1
β ⋅ iB1 β ⋅ iB 2
β ⋅ iB1 β ⋅ iB 2
β ⋅ iB1 β ⋅ iB 2
β 2 ⋅ RC1
−
is RC1 + rBE 2 if RE
A= = B= =−
ii r
1 + BE1 is RE + RF
RB
is A 1 ⎛ R ⎞
Gf = = = − ⎜1 + F ⎟
ie 1 + A ⋅ B B ⎝ RE ⎠
Electronique Analogique 1A & 1B 39
Exemple 4
Mélange: Série
Prélèvement: Tension
CR: Tension-Série
β ⋅ iB1
β ⋅ iB 2
β ⋅ iB1 β ⋅ iB 2
β ⋅ iB1 β ⋅ iB 2
β ⋅ iB1 β ⋅ iB 2
vs − β ⋅ ⎡⎣ RC 2 // ( RE1 + RF ) ⎤⎦ ⋅ ( RC1 // RP 2 )
2
vf RE1
A= = B= =
vi rBE1 ⋅ ⎡⎣ rBE 2 + ( RC1 // RP 2 ) ⎤⎦ vs RE1 + RF
vs A 1 R
Gf = = = 1+ F
ve 1 + A ⋅ B B RE1
Diagramme de Bode
Critère de Nyquist